Life may have been possible in Earth’s earliest, most hellish eon

Maybe Earth’s early years weren’t so hellish after all.

Asteroid strikes repeatedly bombarded the planet during its first eon, but the heat released by those hits wasn’t as sterilizing as once thought, new research suggests. Simulations indicate that after the first few hundred million years of bombardment, the heat from the impacts had dissipated enough that 10 to 75 percent of the top kilometer of the subsurface was habitable for mesophiles — microbes that live in temperatures of 20° to 50° Celsius. If so, the planet may have been habitable much earlier than previously believed.

Earth’s earliest eon, the Hadean, spans the period from about 4.6 billion years ago, when the planet was born, to 4 billion years ago. The name, for the Greek god of the underworld, reflects the original conception of the age: dark and hellish and inhospitable to life. But little direct evidence of Hadean asteroid impacts still exists, limiting scientists’ understanding of how those collisions affected the planet’s habitability.

“There has been an assumption that the Hadean was mostly an uninteresting slag heap until the sky stopped falling and life could take hold,” says Stephen Mojzsis, a geologist at the University of Colorado Boulder. That’s not to say that all of the Hadean was pleasant; the first 150 million years of Earth’s history, which included the giant whack that formed the moon, were pretty dramatic. But after that, things settled down considerably, says Mojzsis, who was not an author of the new study.

For example, scientists have found signs of liquid water and even faint hints of possible life in zircon crystals dating back 4.1 billion years (SN: 12/28/15, p. 16). Other researchers have contested the idea that Earth was continually bombarded by asteroids through much of the Hadean, or that a last barrage of asteroids shelled the planet 3.9 billion years ago in what has been called the Late Heavy Bombardment, killing any incipient life (SN Online: 9/12/16).

QUIET INTERVAL A new study suggests that the planet was mostly peaceful after the first 150 million years of its existence (illustrated). Rather than repeatedly sterilizing the planet, the intense heat from asteroid impacts dissipated relatively rapidly, the researchers suggest. As a result, habitable zones in the subsurface of the planet grew larger over the next billion years.

DAN DURDA/SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE

In the new study, geophysicist Robert Grimm and planetary scientist Simone Marchi, both of the Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colo., estimated how hot it would have been just a few kilometers beneath the planet’s surface during the Hadean. The scientists used an estimated rate of asteroid bombardment, as well as how much heat the projectiles would have added to the subsurface and how much that heat would have dissipated over time to simulate how hot it got — and whether microbial life could have withstood those conditions. The research built on earlier work, including Marchi’s 2014 finding that asteroid impacts became smaller and less frequent with time (SN: 8/23/14, p. 13).

Asteroid impacts did heat the subsurface, according to the simulations, but even the heaviest bombardment scenarios were not intense enough to sterilize the planet, the researchers report March 1 in Earth and Planetary Science Letters. And if the rate of bombardment did decrease as the eon progressed, the heat the asteroids delivered to Earth’s subsurface would also have had time to dissipate. As a result, that habitable zone would have increased over time.

A Late Heavy Bombardment, if it occurred, would have been tougher for the microbes, because the heat wouldn’t have had time to dissipate with such a rapid barrage. But that just would have meant the habitable zone didn’t increase, the team reports; mesophiles could still have inhabited at least 20 percent of the top kilometer of subsurface.

Mojzsis says he’s come to similar conclusions in his own work. “For a long time people said, with absolutely no data, that there could be no biosphere before 3.9 billion years ago,” he says. But “after the solar system settled down, the biosphere could have started on Earth 4.4 billion years ago.”

That’s not to say that there was definitely life, Grimm notes. Although the heat from impacts may not have been a limiting factor for life, asteroid bombardment introduced numerous other challenges, affecting the climate, surface or even convection of the mantle. Still, the picture of Earth’s earliest days is undergoing a sea change. As Grimm says, “An average day in the Hadean did not spell doom.”

{ https://www.sciencenews.org/ }

28-01-2018 om 16:35 geschreven door peter  

Has AI Cracked The Code In The ‘World’s Most Mysterious Book’ The Voynich Manuscript?

Has the mysterious Voynich Manuscript finally been deciphered?

Greg Kondrak, a specialist of the Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence of the University of Alberta (Canada), believes that he has found clues to solve the mystery of Voynich’s manuscript, written with an undecipherable code in the fifteenth century.

The Voynich Manuscript is an ancient book, of unknown contents, written by an anonymous author in an unidentified alphabet and an incomprehensible language.

Although it is not known when it was written, according to carbon 14 tests, the parchment on which it is written was manufactured between 1404 and 1438.

The Voynich Manuscript gets its name thanks to a Lithuanian specialist in ancient books Wilfrid M. Voynich (1865-1930), who acquired it in 1912.

It is currently listed as item MS 408 in the Beinecke Library of rare books and manuscripts of Yale University.

The ancient manuscript has been the object of intense studies by numerous professional and amateur cryptographers, including leading American and British specialists in code cracking of World War II.

The Voynich Manuscript is one of the most mysterious ancient manuscripts ever found.

So far, no one has managed to decipher a single word written in the manuscript. This succession of failures has turned the manuscript into the Holy Grail of historical cryptography, but at the same time, it has fueled the hypothesis that the book is nothing more than an elaborate deception, a random sequence of symbols without any meaning.

However, Kondrak has resorted to the help of artificial intelligence programs capable of correctly identifying a language up to 97% of the time and, after analyzing the manuscript, has suggested its language resembles Hebrew, reports CTV News.

Earlier studies have suggested that the enigmatic manuscript was written in a form of Arabic writing.

Thus, the approximate translation of the first sentence of the book would be: “she made recommendations to the priest, to the man of the house, to me and to the people”.

Although other experts have not shown much enthusiasm for his work because he uses computer technologies, this researcher recognizes that people who master Hebrew are needed to make sense of the syntax and intention of the words.

“That was surprising, said Dr. Kondrak, “and just saying ‘this is Hebrew’ is the first step. The next step is how do we decipher it.”

Kondrak and his team made use of statistical algorithms which are believed to be 97 percent accurate when translating the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights into 380 languages.

A page from the mysterious Voynich manuscript.

Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons.

After having searched for seeking Hebrew scholars to validate their findings, the scientists turned to Google Translate.

“It came up with a sentence that is grammatical, and you can interpret it,’ said Dr. Kondrak, ‘she made recommendations to the priest, man of the house and me and people. It’s a kind of strange sentence to start a manuscript but it definitely makes sense,” he said.

However, Kondrak notes that without experts in ancient Hebrew, the entire manuscript and its meaning will remain a mystery.

“We use human language to communicate with other humans, but computers don’t understand this language because it’s designed for people.”

It is believed that the ancient manuscript includes references to ‘farmer’, ‘light’, ‘air’ and ‘fire’.

“There are so many ambiguous meanings that we don’t even realize,” said Dr. Kondrak.

Kondrak explains that there is a lot of work to be done, and deciphering the entire manuscript will need more than just feeding the manuscript to AI, as it requires human input to make sense and syntax.

Kondrak explains: “Somebody with very good knowledge of Hebrew and who’s a historian at the same time could take this evidence and follow this kind of clue.”

Source: Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics

{ https://www.ancient-code.com/ }

28-01-2018 om 15:54 geschreven door peter  

Space scientists have every reason to be fascinated with Jupiter’s moon Europa, and, in 2017, NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA) announced they are planning a joint mission to land there. As the video above explains, this little moon is thought to have a liquid ocean submerged beneath an icy crust. Scientists believe it could host extraterrestrial life. But Europa’s surface is much more alien than any we’ve ever visited. With its extremely thin atmosphere, low gravity – and a surface temperature of some -350 degrees F. (–176 °C.) – Europa might not be kind to a landing spacecraft. The moon’s surface might be unexpectedly hard. Or – as evidenced by a study from the Planetary Science Institute announced on January 24, 2018 – Europa’s surface might be so porous that any craft trying to land would simply sink.

The study – published in the peer-reviewed journal Icarus – comes from scientist Robert Nelson. If you’re a student of space history, its results might sound familiar. Nelson pointed out in his statement:

Of course, before the landing of the Luna 2 robotic spacecraft in 1959, there was concern that the moon might be covered in low density dust into which any future astronauts might sink.

Now Europa is the source of a similar scariness, with Nelson’s study showing that Europa’s surface could be as much as 95 percent porous.

The puzzling, fascinating surface of Jupiter’s icy moon Europa. This color composite is made from images taken by NASA’s Galileo spacecraft in the late 1990s.

Image via NASA/JPL-Caltech/SETI Institute.

Nelson’s study of Europa is part of a group of studies he has conducted of both asteroids (44 Nysa, 64 Angelina) and jovian moons (Io, Europa, Ganymede). He conducts his studies via photopolarimetry, the measurement of the intensity and polarization of reflected light.

Observations were made using a photopolarimeter located at Mt. San Antonio College in Walnut, California.

According to Nelson, the observations can be explained by extremely fine-grained particles on Europa’s surface with a porosity less than about 95 percent. This corresponds to material that would be less dense than freshly fallen snow, raising questions about risks of sinking for a future Europa lander.

Brown ridges crisscross Europa, indicating the possibility of liquid welling up from below. This suggests an active geology and raises questions about possible life on Europa.

Image via NASA/PLAN-PIA01641.

A mission to land on Europa is challenging in other ways. For example, Europa — along with the three other Galilean moons (Io, Ganymede and Callisto) — orbits within Jupiter’s radiation belts. A spacecraft trying to orbit Europa would be quickly fried.

That’s why NASA’s upcoming Europa Clipper mission is designed to orbit Jupiter, not Europa. It’ll sweep in and out of the radiation belts for a period of several earthly years, making flyby observations of Europa each time it passes near this jovian moon. Its observations will help answer questions about what might happen to future spacecraft attempting to land on Europa.

The video below has more about the upcoming flyby mission, Europa Clipper, set for launch around 2022-2025.

Bottom line: A recent study via the Planetary Science Institute indicates that the surface of Jupiter’s moon Europa might be as much as 95 percent porous – less dense than freshly fallen snow – so that a future lander might sink.

Source: Laboratory simulations of planetary surfaces: Understanding regolith physical properties from remote photopolarimetric observations

Via Planetary Science Institute

{ http://earthsky.org/ }

28-01-2018 om 15:13 geschreven door peter  

Over 26 Feet Smoking Crater Sparks Speculation a UFO May Have Crashed Into Earth

Speculation of a UFO crash into Earth has taken centre stage after footage has surfaced showing a mysterious burning pit found at the side of a busy motorway.

Authorities are still investigating what they have discovered. The clip shows a thick mist that fills the air from a black hole.

The crater was measured eight metres wide and deep and can be seen smoking heavily, which suggests that the mysterious event had just taken place recently.

There were people on the scene soon after the incident had occurred but no evidence yet to explain what actually took place.

There were suggestions that a UFO or a meteor crashing into Earth may have been the cause the black hole.

The strange event happened on January 17 in Mexico and uploaded to YouTube the next day.

The original video has racked up thousands of views and being shared on several other channels.

Viewers were quick to suggest what it could be.

One comment said that it looked like a UFO landed and took off, leaving a crater.

However, others disagreed saying that it was a burning hole used to dispose rubbish. They explained that it looked like a burning hole and no impact on the earth as there was no debris.

Gangs may have also used the holes to burn drugs, weapons, and bodies.

Others believed that the increased sightings of meteors recently could be linked to the crater.

28-01-2018 om 14:54 geschreven door peter  

Television and Radio Star Snaps A Photo Of A UFO In The Eye Of A Storm

A radio and television presenter managed to take a picture of incredible clouds brewing in the distance and later noticed what online users believed a UFO in the eye of the storm.

Fernando Figoni is well known for his hosting of music events and media broadcasts. He is from La Plata, capital of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

While at work, Figoni went to the roof of the building to watch the approaching storm in the city. He snapped some pictures and later reviewed them. To his surprise, he spotted something in the sky that he could not identify.

He noticed a bright flying saucer in the middle of the black clouds.

He posted the photos on the social media. Internet users were fast to offer their opinion.

Claudia Bengochea, Natalia Padilla and Pablo Hormiga believe it is a UFO as they think that Fernando would not publish something fake.

Lucas Gaston Aguirre claimed he took a picture the same to what Fernando had taken.

{ http://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

28-01-2018 om 14:46 geschreven door peter  

Is this Google Maps sighting proof that aliens are real? Is this a UFO landing?

GOOGLE MAPS allows people to explore the earth from their bedroom. Now, alien enthusiasts believe they have found proof of aliens on earth in Argentina. They claim the Ojo de la Tierra could be a hiding spot for a UFO.

27-01-2018 om 23:53 geschreven door peter  

Pentagon UFO: Claim 'alien disclosure a false flag to induce MARTIAL LAW’

THE world headline-grabbing release of a video of a seemingly inexplicable UFO by the US Pentagon may have been part of a cunning plan to bring in martial law, according to alien conspiracy theorists.

27-01-2018 om 23:37 geschreven door peter  

Physicists Just Made Star Wars-Style 3D Projections a Reality

 

Smalley Holography Group

27-01-2018 om 23:20 geschreven door peter  

NASA's GOLD Instrument, SES-14 Satellite on Track After Launch Anomaly

27-01-2018 om 23:12 geschreven door peter  

The strange Hudson Valley UFO case

In a place you would hardly expect, just one hour north of New York City, lies the site of one of the most widely observed and yet most unexplainable set of UFO sightings ever seen. The place is the Hudson Valley, and the story of its strange UFO started on New Years Eve, 1982.

The Hudson UFO mystery

A few minutes before midnight, a retired police officer was out in his backyard in Kent, New York when he observed a group of strange lights off to the south. They were colored red, green and white. At first the former officer thought they belonged to a jet aircraft in trouble, but as the object passed over his house at a height he estimated to be about 500 feet, he realized it was moving much too slowly for a jet and made too little noise. Just a distant humming sound. As he watched, he decided the the lights, which appeared as a “V” shape, were connected by a dark, triangular fuselage.

What the former officer had seen would be observed many times in the Hudson Valley area over the next few years by hundreds of different witnesses: A “V” shaped set of multicolored lights moving slowly and silently across the sky. On March 26th, 1983, a front-page story in the Westchester-Rockland Daily Item proclaimed:

HUNDREDS CLAIM TO HAVE SEEN UFO

The article, which told of sightings of a triangular UFO on Marth 24th, got the attention of a group of UFO researchers in the Valley associated with Dr. J Allen Hynek, founder of the Center for UFO Studies. The group started an investigation of the phenomena which was later documented as a book, Night Siege: The Hudson Valley UFO Sightings, authored by Dr. Hynek and Philip J. Imbrogno, with the help of Bob Pratt.

The group opened up a UFO hotline and received over 300 calls from people that had seen the UFO on the night of March 24th alone. One witness cited in the book reported that it had moved up the Taconic Parkway in “sort of a Z pattern.” He described the object as being triangular in shape with thirty to forty colored lights along the back edge. The object, he stated, was huge, “If there is such a thing as a flying city, this was a flying city.”

The object apparently cruised over the community of Yorktown that evening too where the police switchboard became so jammed with reports, officials became concerned that they would be unable to take emergency calls.

On the Taconic parkway people pulled over to watch the object as it moved slowly on its path. One observer estimated it was “as large as an aircraft carrier.”

The UFO researchers estimated that over 5,000 people had seen the object over a period of five years from 1982 through 1986. Often the UFO seemed to glide over large areas causing dozens of sightings in one night. It was never spotted during the day.

Most reports came from people who seemed to be reliable witnesses. As the authors put it “ordinary people who have seen something extraordinary.” The UFO was seen not just over the Hudson Valley, but as far east as New Haven, Connecticut and as far north as Brookfield, Connecticut.

While most reports described the UFO moving at a very slow speed, hovering, or turning slowly like a wheel, a few reports described the object as suddenly zooming away at fantastic speeds, or just disappearing. In some accounts the shape varied so that the lights appeared as more of a circle than a “V”. Often the color and arrangement of the lights changed as the viewers watched. In a few cases reports arrived that put the object at two distant locations at the same time suggesting there might be more than one of them.

One of the most striking reports that the group gathered was from guards at the Indian Point Nuclear Plant. The UFO apparently hovered over an active nuclear reactor for some minutes coming as close to the reactor dome as thirty feet. The security supervisor even considered ordering guards to shoot it down. One guard described it as being the length of three football fields.

Strange things

The object also seemed to be interested in bodies of water. One observer watched the UFO over Croton Falls Reservoir where it seemed to use a red beam to probe the surface.

The researchers knew that when investigated most UFO reports turn into reports of IFOs: Identified Flying Objects. Often they turn out to be planes, balloons, satellites, or even the planet Venus. They did find evidence that some of the reports of the “V” shape may have been a group of small planes flying out of the Stormville Airport. The pilots seemed to have been flying their planes in a formation in a deliberate attempt at a UFO hoax.

The plane hoax only cleared up a small number of reports, however. Most observers reported that the lights moved together as a solid object. Others could see the body of the UFO between the lights. None of the observers who had seen both the planes and the object thought they were the same phenomenon.

There are few good explanations for most of the Hudson Valley sightings. The only object that moves slowly through the air and hovers almost silently is a blimp. Researchers contacted all blimp operators in the area and could find no matches between the blimp schedules and the UFO reports. It was widely speculated at the time that object was a formation of ultralight planes. This seems unlikely as the UFO was nearly silent, could hover, and carried tremendously bright lights, all things ultralight aircraft are incapable of doing.

The Hudson Valley UFO remains a mystery even today. If you decide to take a trip to the Hudson Valley to try and see the strange UFO for yourself, you may want to stay at one of the excellent local bed and breakfast Inns. One, the Burlingham Inn, has decided to take advantage of the strange nighttime phenomena by featuring a UFO Bed & Breakfast. They welcome UFO watchers and list UFO sighting as one of the activities for which the Inn is especially well located.

{ http://coolinterestingstuff.com/ }

27-01-2018 om 22:59 geschreven door peter  

While skywatchers in North America, Asia, and Europe watch a bigger-than-usual lunar eclipse on January 31, NASA engineers will shut down the instruments aboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO).

Eclipses put a strain on the spacecraft because it uses the sun for power. If the moon is in the Earth's shadow, sunlight can't reach it and LRO switches to batter power, principal investigator Noah Petro told Seeker. The LRO team is a veteran group at keeping the spacecraft safe, as total lunar eclipses have occurred seven times since the orbiter’s launch in 2009.

"We did a small [engine] burn to put us in an as optimal position as possible — to be able to keep the spacecraft in illumination for as long as we could. In other words, we did a small tweak to minimize the time we were in shadow," Petro said. As with past eclipses, the team will also "preheat" the spacecraft before it goes into the eclipse, so it's warmer and there is less strain on the instruments.

While LRO has seen many other eclipses, the eclipse, know as "super blue blood moon eclipse," is a rare combination of several phenomena.

A "supermoon," occurs when the moon is full and is at its closest approach to Earth in its 29 1/2-day elliptical orbit around the planet. Supermoons are 14 percent larger and 30 percent brighter than the moon at its furthest distance from Earth, according to NASA.

When two full moons occur in a single month, the second event is called a "blue moon." It has no special astronomical significance, but blue moons are still interesting because they occur only once every 2 1/2 years.

A lunar eclipse happens when the Earth passes between the moon and the sun, and the shadow of Earth falls across the moon's surface. Partial and full eclipses are possible. A full eclipse occurs when the moon is fully covered in shadow — which will happen January 31. The combined light of all of Earth's sunrises and sunsets creates a ruddy glow on the moon's surface. Some people call this the "blood moon."

Petro said shut down LRO’s instruments is just an extra precaution to ensure the 8-year-old spacecraft remains safe during the event. During past eclipses, however, LRO continued to collect data.

The spacecraft is designed to take high-resolution pictures of the moon: It's even seen the Apollo landing sites where astronauts undertook moonwalks in the 1960s and 1970s. Other instruments probe lunar ice reserves. LRO data recently helped to identify underground pits of polar ice, which might provide future moon missions with water. And LRO's Diviner Lunar Radiometer Experiment (DLRE) looks at regolith — aka soil — temperatures.

During a few eclipses, LRO engineers left Diviner on to see what it could find. Normally, the instrument examines temperatures in the top layer of soil — approximately a few tens of centimeters. During an eclipse, however, only the layer just below the surface — about 1 cm to 2 cm — changes temperature rapidly. So eclipses provide a rare opportunity for Diviner to focus its observations on soil just below the surface.

Diviner focuses, whenever possible, on the moon’s youngest craters. Investigators are interested in the lumpiness of the regolith: What is the size of grains of soil near the surface, or is the soil rocky or fine-grained soil? Petro said this is important because "it gives us a better understanding of how impacts modify the surface."

That's not only exciting for moon science, but solar system science in general, Petro said. There are all sorts of "airless" bodies around the solar system covered with craters. Examples include the planet Mercury, dwarf planets Ceres and Pluto, and asteroids such as Vesta. Learning about soil grain size on the moon can help scientists better understand how regolith works on these other worlds.

While NASA will shut down Diviner during the eclipse, Petro said the regolith science will continue. He is in talks with two astronomers in Hawaii who will monitor the regolith temperatures from the ground using infrared instruments.

RELATED: Ice From Underground Lava Tubes Offers Possible Water Supply for Moon Missions

There are seven instruments aboard LRO and they remain in good health, according to Petro. The spacecraft is currently slated to end operations in 2019, but Petro and his team are preparing a proposal to extend LRO's mission by another three years.

Petro said LRO's mission to the moon has already yielded interesting long-term science, such as how often craters appear on the surface. That's why he's an advocate for keeping the mission running as long as possible.

"It's really a new era for studying the moon," Petro said. "With this long baseline of observations, we're able to see how the moon changes."

WATCH: Is a Blood Moon a Sign of the Apocalypse?

{ https://www.seeker.com/ }

27-01-2018 om 22:22 geschreven door peter  

Jupiter Moon Europa's Possibly Porous Surface Could Doom a Lander

By Mike Wall, Space.com Senior Writer

{ https://www.space.com/ }

27-01-2018 om 22:06 geschreven door peter  

Simple math shows how many space aliens may be out there

For those who say you imagine house extraterrestrial beings exist, I doubt your mates will probably be stunned. In a universe aglow with 2 trillion galaxies, you would be supremely conceited to assume that Earth on my own hosts artful creatures. One 2015 ballot confirmed that 54 p.c of American citizens really feel assured that clever extraterrestrial beings are in the market.

Possibly that optimism comes from science fiction. In any case, if there are not any extraterrestrials, there is not a lot of a challenge for the Starship Endeavor or task openings for Vulcans. Fiction apart, many scientists agree that the cosmos is without a doubt sprinkled — in all probability liberally sprinkled — with lifestyles. Even sentient lifestyles.

However are we able to say the rest about that sprinkling? Are we able to danger a bet as to how shut the closest extraterrestrial beings may well be?

That is an unsure trade however no longer a brand new one. In 1961 astronomer Frank Drake devised a easy equation for estimating the collection of “technically energetic” societies in our galaxy. That bit of simple math is referred to as the Drake Equation, and it is frequently stated to be the second one most renowned system in science (the primary being Einstein’s E = mc2).

For those who glance up the system on-line, you’ll be able to see that it takes under consideration the chances that there are liveable planets round different stars, the chance that lifestyles will stand up, and the chance that biology will from time to time evolve to supply artful beings. However even with out wrestling with the Drake Equation, we will use an identical reasoning to gauge the plentitude of alien societies and the way shut the Klingons may well be.

We begin with contemporary analysis appearing that one in six stars hosts a planet hospitable to lifestyles. No, no longer one in 1,000,000. One in six. So let’s take that quantity and run with it. Subsequent we need to make a couple of assumptions. Specifically, if you got 1,000,000 Earth-size worlds, what fraction do you assume would ever beget technically refined population?

Existence on our planet started temporarily: random chemical process in 350 million trillion gallons of ocean water spawned a reproducing molecule inside a couple of hundred million years. So perhaps biology does not want a lot of a goad to get began. I do not believe it is unreasonable to determine that no less than part of all planets appropriate for lifestyles in truth produce it.

Intelligence is much less sure. The dinosaurs have been a excellent design however did not do smartly at school. However let’s assume that one in 100 biology-encrusted planets sooner or later coughs up some considering beings. And, as in step with Frank Drake, let’s additionally think that any Klingons in the market proceed to hang around for 10,000 years sooner than self-destructing (nuclear battle, any person?) or assembly another woeful finish.

Aliens in a mathscape

Do the mathematics, and you’ll be able to to find that one in 100 million superstar programs has technically adept population. That isn’t a lot other than the fraction of jackpot tickets on this week’s Powerball lottery.

So how shut are the closest signaling extraterrestrials? If we are going to pay excellent cash to fan the flames of the warp power and talk over with some bumpy-headed extraterrestrial beings, how a long way do we need to shuttle? Neatly, the typical distance between stars in our a part of the galaxy is four.2 light-years (the gap to Proxima Centauri). This is, for each and every dice of house that is four.2 light-years on a facet, you’ll be able to to find (on moderate) one superstar. Now consider a larger field, 2,000 light-years on a facet. It’s going to comprise 100 million superstar packing containers, and one refined civilization.

Via this tough and in a position calculation, the closest extraterrestrial beings are most likely between one and two thousand light-years away. In different phrases, no nearer than the 3 vivid stars of Orion’s Belt. Certain, alien neighbors may well be farther — or nearer. However this order-of-magnitude estimate tells us that they are no longer subsequent door. They have not heard our information reviews, and they are probably not to have any incentive to talk over with. They only have no idea we are right here.

Via the way in which, we most likely don’t seem to be going to talk over with them both. Nowadays’s quickest rockets would take no less than 20 million years to get there, during which time you are going to be awfully uninterested in on-board pretzels.

Sure, the extraterrestrial beings are most likely round, and 10,000 societies may just inhabit our galaxy (to not point out the ones different galaxies!) They are no longer shut. However they could also be discoverable. That is why we proceed to go looking the sky for radio alerts introduced into the ether way back through our cosmic brethren.

{ http://ownetech.com/ }

27-01-2018 om 21:51 geschreven door peter  

Triton: Neptune's Odd Moon

27-01-2018 om 21:42 geschreven door peter  

UFO MOEDERSCHIP CLOAK GAAT MIS EN WORDT ONTDEKT ( VIDEO )

UFO's en dan vooral de grotere moederschepen weten zich vaak uitstekend te verbergen in grote wolken zodat niemand merkt dat ze aanwezig zijn. 

Soms gaat het mis en verliezen ze even tijdelijk hun dekking, zoals dit gebeurde in Jamaica. 

Voor het gros van de mensheid klinkt het nog altijd ongelooflijk dat grote (buitenaarde) ruimteschepen zich op aarde bevinden, vaak pal onder onze neus, zonder dat iemand iets ziet.

En toch gebeurt het en door de jaren heen hebben wij er talloze artikelen over geschreven met bewijs en getuigenverklaringen van dit fenomeen.

Normaal zie je ze niet omdat ze eruit zien als wolken en dan ook vaak in een heldere lucht waar op dat moment helemaal geen wolken thuis horen. Maar, soms gaat het mis, zoals enkele dagen geleden in Jamaica, toen de zon achter een wolk ervoor zorgde dat een groot moederschip even heel duidelijk zichtbaar werd. Het schijnt dat bij bepaalde momenten op de dag (zonsopkomst en -ondergang) de condities het beste zijn om zich te verbergen/cloaken en bij afwijkende omstandigheden, zoals waarchijnlijkonverwacht in Jamaica, is dat een stuk lastiger.

Als je wat verder inzoomt op het object dan zie je duidelijk de solide contouren van een een cloaked ruimteschip. Met de beste wil van de wereld is dit niet te verklaren als onderdeel van een wolk.

De volgende korte video-opname van deze gebeurtenis werd op 25 januari 2018 gemaakt boven St. Ann op Jamaica. 

{ http://www.niburu.co/ }

27-01-2018 om 21:19 geschreven door peter  

Watch: 5000-year-old Artifacts discovered in Mexico cave confirm presence of alien life (Video+)

Alien enthusiasts have spotted spooky artifacts and weird sculptures near a mysterious cave in Mexico. According to reports, the artifacts are nearly 5000 years old. Some sculptures have abnormally large eyes and protruding head that do not represent any species ever lived on Earth.

Alien life and UFO sightings were the buzz words in the year 2017 and the trend isn’t cooling down in the year 2018 as alien hunters have come yet another evidence to prove the existence of extraterrestrial life. Unlike previous claims that suggest aliens live on distant planets, the new theory proves that alien creature visited earth in the past.

Alien enthusiasts have spotted spooky artifacts and weird sculptures near a mysterious cave in Mexico. According to reports, the artifacts are nearly 5000 years old. Some sculptures have abnormally large eyes and protruding head that do not represent any species ever lived on Earth. Conspiracy theorists believe that these strange artifacts belong to aliens that visited Earth several thousand years ago; either alien made these artifacts and sculptures during their stay on our planet or humans made them as a evidence of aliens.

Youtuber UFOmania has also made a video that shows different sculptures and artifacts unearthed in Mexico. The stunning video soon went viral on social media receiving thousands of views and shares. After the release of the video, alien buffs are convinced that extraterrestrial creatures once roamed on earth.

“Incredible evidentiary support of the fact that extraterrestrials have been engaging the human race for a very long time!” posted a user named Jamie Campeau.

Another user named Nelio Anderson lashed out against the authorities for not learning more about these artifacts as they contradict with the established theories.

“It is disgusting how the scientific community refuses to look at any evidence that contradicts the established theory. They claim to be scientists but based on their notorious record of making out of place artifacts vanish it is clear that there is a political agenda present. A knowledge filter. As such it is not surprising to see the establishment attack archeologists/anthropologists/paleontologist and geologists who had the courage and unbiased views to publish these finds,” posted Nelio Anderson.

{ https://sciexaminer.com/ }

27-01-2018 om 17:33 geschreven door peter  

27-01-2018 om 17:16 geschreven door peter  

NA TERUGTREKKENDE OCEANEN, NU VLOEDGOLVEN ZONDER REDEN ( VIDEO ) 

Uit de praktijk is bekend dat oceanen zich vlak voor een tsunami ver terugtrekken, maar nu gebeurt dit zonder dat die vloedgolf volgt. 

Tsunami's zijn enorme vloedgolven en deze doen zich nu volkomen onverwacht voor zonder dat er een aanleiding voor is zoals bijvoorbeeld een aardbeving. 

Het is nog steeds hetzelfde verhaal waar we iedere keer tegenaan lopen. Er gebeurt ergens iets op deze wereld, men bericht erover en dat wat er gebeurt, wordt beschouwd als een op zichzelf staand incident. 

Het is pas wanneer je een aantal zaken met elkaar in verband brengt, dat er zorgwekkende patronen ontstaan waaruit blijkt dat er grote onzichtbare krachten werkzaam zijn op deze aarde. Er gebeuren op dit moment verschillende dingen waar niemand een verklaring voor heeft, want de normale logica die in dit soort situaties altijd wordt toegepast, werkt niet langer.

Enkele dagen geleden gebeurde het volgende in Mexico:

Shannon Christensen was met haar partner Dylan op vakantie in Mexico en genoot regelmatig van wandelingen langs het prachtige strand. Op de volgende foto's zie je Christina en het strand waar ze bijna om het leven kwam.

Enkele dagen ging ze rond middernacht met Dylan nog even voor een wandeling langs het verlaten strand, toen ze plotseling werd meegenomen door een enorme golf die volkomen vanuit het niets verscheen. Voor ze besefte wat er was gebeurd, lag ze in het water en dreigde te verdrinken.

Het gebeurde zo snel dat ze geen tijd had om te schreeuwen en Dylan die iets verderop met zijn rug naar haar toe stond, had niet gemerkt dat Shannon was verdwenen.

Het weer was kalm die avond, geen storm en in een tijdsbestek van enkele seconden veranderde de vriendelijk kabbelende zee in een enorme golf die zo sterk was dat hij Shannon meesleurde. Op het moment dat het gebeurde, stond ze tot aan haar enkels in het water.

Ze heeft al met al ongeveer een uur in het water gelegen en deed haar uiterste best om niet in paniek te raken en haar energie zoveel mogelijk te sparen. Hoewel ze een geoefend zwemster is, had ze toch grote moeite om niet in paniek te raken. Ze zag alleen water en enorm hoge golven.

Het lukte haar uiteindelijk om ongeveer een kilometer verderop weer aan land te komen en was dolblij uiteraard dat ze het zand van het strand weer onder haar voeten kon voelen.

Afgelopen zondag gebeurde er iets vergelijkbaars in het Zuid Afrikaanse Durban en dit keer overleefde het slachtoffer, een 7-jarig meisje, de gebeurtenis niet.

De zee was die dag aardig wild, maar ook daar eigenlijk vanuit het niets een soort monstergolf die het meisje van de pier sleurde waar ze met haar moeder aan het wandelen was. Ze werd al snel uit het water gehaald, maar ondanks reanimatiepogingen heeft het kind dit helaas niet overleefd.

Sommigen spreken zelfs van een mini tsunami en er was wederom geen enkele aanleiding voor een golf die wordt omschreven als: The wave which washed the girl into the rough seas was described as a “monster wave” and a freak wave.

Een golf die niet wordt verwacht, waar geen aanleiding voor is en die als uit het niets verschijnt.

Dit soort gebeurtenissen zijn precies het tegenovergestelde van datgene wat recent gebeurde, zoals we schreven in een eerder artikel:

Op 9 januari was er een zeer krachtige 7.6 aardbeving in het Caraïbisch gebied; één van de meest krachtige aardbevingen ooit in die regio en hoewel er een tsunami waarschuwing werd afgegeven, kwam deze gelukkig niet.

Echter, de dagen daarvoor deed zich een vreemd verschijnsel voor met betrekking tot het water van de oceaan op twee verschillende plaatsen. Op beide locaties trok het water van de oceaan zich abnormaal ver terug en op de volgende afbeelding zie je dat de ene locatie op gelijke afstand ten noorden van de aardbeving ligt als de andere ten zuiden ervan.

Vanuit Florida komen berichten dat het water zich heel ver terugtrok op verschillende dagen en ook op variërende plekken, eigenlijk vanaf 3 januari tot net voor de aardbeving. 

Ook voor de kust van Ecuador deed zich het merkwaardige verschijnsel voor op 5 januari, waarbij het water van de oceaan zich heel ver terugtrok, op een manier zoals je dat ziet voorafgaand aan een tsunami. Maar, er was absoluut geen sprake van een tsunami.

De volgende video gaat wat dieper in op de gebeurtenissen en de maker ontdekt dat er vóór de aardbeving nog een aantal plekken waren waar vreemde dingen gebeurden met water. Alsof er een grote onzichtbare kracht enorme watermassa's zomaar kan verplaatsen.

Ongetwijfeld zal weerman Gerrit Hiemstra er een verklaring voor kunnen bedenken, maar de rest van de wereld kan dat niet en de maker van onderstaande video komt dan ook tot de conclusie dat er een grote onzichtbare kracht aan het werk is.

Verder wordt er melding gemaakt van boeien in de oceaan die grote op- een neerwaartse bewegingen maken zonder enige aanleiding en ook komen er nu berichten dat er zich een onverwachte vloedgolf voordeed in Ecuador zoals te zien in de video hieronder.

Al deze gebeurtenissen zullen door de mainstream media nooit met elkaar in verband worden gebracht en wanneer je ze allemaal als afzonderlijke en niet gerelateerde zaken bekijkt, dan zie je ook nooit het grotere beeld.

En dat grotere beeld is dat er grote onbekende krachten inwerken op onze planeet die voor steeds heftiger wordende aardveranderingen zorgen. Het doet ons ook denken aan wat onze trouwe lezer Bert vorig jaar al schreef; water zal een hoofdrol spelen in de komende periode.

{ http://www.niburu.co/ }

27-01-2018 om 17:10 geschreven door peter  

UFO Over Outback In Australia Shows Classic Disk Shape, Nov 2017, Photos, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: November 18, 2017

Location of sighting: Faulconbridge, Australia 

Source: MUFON #89836

 

This dark UFO was seen over the Australian outback, which believe it or not, is a hotbed of UFO activity. I get lots of comments from people in Australia saying its common place to see a UFO in the outback. This is a great photo of one of those Australian catches. The tilt of the craft shows that it was in motion when the photo was taken. Often disks need to tilt to change directions, but this doesn't apply to all UFOs. 

Scott C. Waring

Eyewitness states: 

The UFO came from the bushes hovered for a few seconds before taking off into the sky in a southerly direction. The photo was taken by the observer and her family while taking photos from their back porch that looks onto the sassafras gully in NSW. All witnesses to the event wish to remain anonymous.

{http://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

27-01-2018 om 16:56 geschreven door peter  

White UFO Tracked By Eyewitnesses Over Brisbane, Australia During The Day, Jan 20, 2018, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: January 20, 2018
Location of sighting: Brisbane, Australia
Source: MUFON #89833

Here is another report just in from down under. This is a semi-transparent UFO, which means its cloaked, but visible because of the angle of light of the sun and the eyewitness. You can see the bottom of the craft is the brightest, but the sun is above, so this is not a reflection. The UFO is whitish blue. Its shaped almost like the Russian space capsule the brings astronauts back to Earth, except for the short arms around its top. So cool the eyewitness was watching it, yet, the UFO was watching them back. 
Scott C. Waring

Eyewitness states:

Further past the Ibis I noticed an orb/ball hovering still in the sky that then started to move from south to north - it occasionally slowed to a stop before starting to move again in a reasonaably straight line. It was traveling very slowly and nothing like the plane I saw a few minutes earlier. I asked my wife to keep watch while I went indoors and got my binoculars and digital camera. I took some photos on full optical and digital zoom that are not particularly clear due to the distance and reflection off the object. Through the binoculars however I could see that the object was a solid ball but could not ascertain the size as I had nothing to compare it to. I would guess it was maybe 1 meter or so in diameter as it was definitely not as big as an aircraft but larger than the Ibis (they have an average wingspan of 110 - 123cm). Eventually the object moved in a large arc to the west before going behind a cloud. The cloud dissipated and the object was gone - I had been watching the whole time and it did not re-appear from the cloud but just vanished. I initially thought it may have been a satellite as I had observed them before but when it changed direction and came to a stand still I ruled that out (though I am no expert on satellites and their movement). 

27-01-2018 om 16:45 geschreven door peter