Geen fotobeschrijving beschikbaar.

Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.

This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.

Carl Sagan Space GIF by Feliks Tomasz Konczakowski

X Files Ufo GIF by SeeRoswell.com

1990: Petit-Rechain, Belgium triangle UFO photograph - Think AboutIts

Ufo Pentagon GIF

ufo abduction GIF by Ski Mask The Slump God

Flying Sci-Fi GIF by Feliks Tomasz Konczakowski

Season 3 Ufo GIF by Paramount+

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Inhoud blog
  • Aliens 'on brink of launching intervention to save Earth from total collapse'
  • Location of alien base on Earth revealed as ETs are now in 'secret mountains'
  • New Research Casts More Light on Mechanisms of End-Triassic Mass Extinction
  • De blobvis is de lelijkste vis ter wereld, maar zijn echte aspect in het water is iets anders
  • Weird sky phenomenon: Lightning bounces off a mysterious dome over Australia?
  • Viral video of 'UFO' hovering over gas station in broad daylight sparks debate
  • Donald Trump tells Joe Rogan what he was told about UFOs when he became President and why 'there could be something out there' By Francine Wolfisz
  • There may be 'at least six other highly-intelligent alien species in our galaxy'
  • Lasers reveal 3,000-year-old secret Mayan city with more than 6,500 structures
  • Mesmerizing moment the sun swallows 'Halloween Comet'
  • EXCLUSIVE - Exactly how NASA could evacuate ISS amid fears about leaks and cracks on the space station
  • The Sun Has Reached Its Solar Maximum and it Could Last for One Year
  • Remember that “Alien Signal” Sent by the ExoMars Orbiter Last Year? It’s Just Been Decoded
  • China’s ‘Thousand Sails’ Joins Starlink as the Latest Mega-Satellite Constellation in Orbit
  • Did Some of Earth’s Water Come from the Solar Wind?
  • Add Astronaut Nutrition to the List of Barriers to Long-Duration Spaceflight
  • “Een kosmische structuur zo groot als 140 Melkwegen, dat is onvoorstelbaar”: nooit eerder spuwde superzwaar zwart gat zo'n gigantische stralen uit
  • Pentagon left baffled after mysterious drones flying above secret military base
  • Mysterious US spaceship executing unprecedented maneuvers above Earth: ‘National security missions in space’
  • Strange Group Of UFOs Appears Over Air Force Base In Indiana, Alarming Local Citizens
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    The purpose of  this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and  free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category.
    Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
     

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    In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.

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    Een interessant adres?
    UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
    UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld
    In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog. Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch... Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels. MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen. MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity... Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com. Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal. Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP. ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
    30-10-2024
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.There may be 'at least six other highly-intelligent alien species in our galaxy'

    There may be 'at least six other highly-intelligent alien species in our galaxy'

    Alien-loving lawyer Danny Sheehan has made a claim on the Julian Dorey podcast about how many different species of aliens are in our galaxy . . . that we know of

    Danny Sheehan has made a series of bold claims

    Danny Sheehan has made a series of bold claims

    The alien-loving lawyer who claimed ETs are stealing human eggs and sperm to mix with alien DNA has now stated that there are at least “six other non-human species” in our galaxy. Danny Sheehan has been involved in bringing UFO whistleblowers to the United States Congress in recent years.

    He has been helping to provide explosive evidence of alleged government cover-ups regarding real encounters with extraterrestrial beings. Danny's made a series of bombshell claims regarding the potential locations of two bases with hundreds of UFOs seen going “in and out of it," that aliens are stealing human eggs and sperm, and that “mantis people” are on the “brink of launching intervention to save Earth from total collapse."

    And now he has made another claim about how many different species of aliens are in our galaxy...that we know of.

    There are 'at least six other non-human species in our galaxy'
    There are 'at least six other non-human species in our galaxy' 

    Speaking to the Julian Dorey podcast, he said: “The kind of evidence and information we had indicated that there was, in fact, two to six other highly intelligent, highly technologically developed but non-human species in our galaxy – an extraordinarily conservative reading, I might add.

    “But very amazing because it was the Congressional report that concluded that this was the likelihood . . . but they were really unable to determine whether any of those civilisations had developed the kind of technology that would have been able to go faster than the speed of light.”

    The truth is out there, somewhere . . . maybe (stock)
    The truth is out there, somewhere . . . maybe
    (stock) 

    He didn't go into further details about what those other species could be, despite claiming on the same podcast that “mantis people” were on Earth and were leading “the greys” – another form of alien.

    Claiming that world leaders are driving the planet to nuclear war and environmental collapse, he went on: “That's what's panicking them (the aliens). If they intervene in an aggressive enough way to shut off our nuclear weapons capacities in both the East and West then that's going to reveal their presence – we aren't ready for that yet.

    “We haven't taken the steps to prepare ourselves for an intervention of an extraterrestrial civilisation like this.”

    https://www.dailystar.co.uk/ }

    30-10-2024 om 00:00 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
    29-10-2024
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Lasers reveal 3,000-year-old secret Mayan city with more than 6,500 structures

    Lasers reveal 3,000-year-old secret Mayan city with more than 6,500 structures

    Scientists have uncovered a secret Mayan city hiding in Mexico, which once featured an urban landscape of more than 6,500 structures.

    The team used lidar technology to create three-dimensional models across 50 miles of land in Campeche, allowing them to map areas not visible to the naked eye.

    The method revealed a 21-square-mile metropolis with iconic stone pyramids, houses and other infrastructure that have been concealed for more than 3,000 years.

    There are hundreds of documented Mayan sites, but the newest find revealed that researchers aren't close to finding all the major Maya cities.

    'Our analysis not only revealed a picture of a region that was dense with settlements, but it also revealed a lot of variability,' said the study's co-author, Luke Auld-Thomas, a doctoral student at Tulane University.

    'We didn't just find rural areas and smaller settlements. We also found a large city with pyramids right next to the area's only highway, near a town where people have been actively farming among the ruins for years,' Auld-Thomas said. 

    The city, called Valeriana, included a dam, ballcourt, houses and terraces as well as a curved amphitheater and temple pyramids

    The city, called Valeriana, included a dam, ballcourt, houses and terraces as well as a curved amphitheater and temple pyramids

    There are hundreds of documented Mayan sites , but the newest find revealed that researchers aren't close to finding all the major Maya cities

    There are hundreds of documented Mayan sites , but the newest find revealed that researchers aren't close to finding all the major Maya cities

    The team conducted an aerial lidar survey, which uses laser pulses to measure distances and create three-dimensional models of specific areas. 

    It has allowed scientists to scan large swaths of land from the comfort of a computer lab, uncovering anomalies in the landscape that often prove to be pyramids, family houses and other examples Maya infrastructure. 

    'Because lidar allows us to map large areas very quickly, and at really high precision and levels of detail, that made us react, 'Oh wow, there are so many buildings out there we didn't know about, the population must have been huge,' Auld-Thomas said. 

    'The counterargument was that lidar surveys were still too tethered to known, large sites, such as Tikal, and therefore had developed a distorted image of the Maya lowlands. 

    'What if the rest of the Maya area was far more rural and what we had mapped so far was the exception instead of the rule?' 

    The team uncovered two blocks of the Mayan city, one of which included a distinct pseudo-pyramid that was identical to one found at Rio Bec - a pre-Columbian Mayan archaeological site located near the Guatemala border in the Yucatan Peninsula.

    The city, called Valeriana, was adjacent to a freshwater lagoon and encompassed two major areas of architecture that includes a dam, ballcourt, houses and terraces.

    Valeriana also contained a curved amphitheater, temple pyramids and a reservoir that 'has all the hallmarks of a classic Maya political capital,' the study said.

    The survey was conducted near a highway, revealing the hidden city with over 6,5000 structures

    The survey was conducted near a highway, revealing the hidden city with over 6,5000 structures

    The Mayan city was discovered near Campeche in Mexico and covers about 21 square miles

    The Mayan city was discovered near Campeche in Mexico and covers about 21 square miles

    'The discovery of Valeriana highlights the fact that there are still major gaps in our knowledge of the existence or absence of large sites within as-yet unmapped areas of the Maya Lowlands,' researchers shared.

    A third region of the city was identified as a 'sparse and modest settlement, consisting of scattered or loosely clustered residences with no monumental architecture and limited investment in water storage.

    article image

    Tulane professor and co-author Marcello Canuto said: 'Lidar is teaching us that, like many other ancient civilizations, the lowland Maya built a diverse tapestry of towns and communities over their tropical landscape.' 

    He continued: 'While some areas are replete with vast agricultural patches and dense populations, others have only small communities. 

    'Nonetheless, we can now see how much the ancient Maya changed their environment to support a long-lived complex society.'

    Although hundreds of sites have been found, it's impossible to determine exactly how many Mayan cities still have to be studied.

    However, lidar technology is helping researchers unearth them much more quickly, particularly in regions of southern Mexico and Guatemala.

    'The government never knew about it; the scientific community never knew about it. That really puts an exclamation point behind the statement that, no, we have not found everything, and yes, there's a lot more to be discovered,' Auld-Thomas said.

    { https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

    29-10-2024 om 23:55 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:ARCHEOLOGIE ( E, Nl, Fr )
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Mesmerizing moment the sun swallows 'Halloween Comet'

    NASA has captured the moment the 'Great Halloween Comet' was swallowed by the sun.

    The agency's probe witnessed the comet soar directly into the sun's fiery orbit and disintegrated without a trace Monday.

    Astronomers discovered C/2024 S1 ATLAS in September, giving it the nickname due to it making a close approach days before Halloween.

    Models predicted that the comet would glow brighter than Venus by the holiday, but on October 24, ATLAS flew past Earth and swung around the sun. 

    NASA's Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) was the last to see the comet as it soared within 750,000 miles of the sun and disappeared.

    Karl Battams, lead for NASA’s Sungrazer Project, said: 'This comet was likely already a rubble pile by the time it entered SOHO’s field of view.

    'Unlike comet C/2023 A3, which never passed closer than about a third of Earth’s distance to the sun, C/2024 S1 is a true sungrazer: It passed within 1one percent of Earth’s distance to the sun, and has been completely vaporized as a result.'

    Both comments are known as 'sungrazers' due to traveling close to our planet's star, where they light up brightly and often break into smaller pieces.

    NASA's Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) witnessed the final moments of the 'Great Halloween Comet' as it soared closer to the sun

    NASA's Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) witnessed the final moments of the 'Great Halloween Comet' as it soared closer to the sun

    The Halloween Comet had shown signs of instability when telescopes in Hawaii identified it on September 27, including a sudden release of dust and cause.

    While not unusual behavior for a comet, it was a sign of nucleus fragmentation that means the ball of ice is starting to break apart.

    And the farther out in space an objects forms, the faster it is likely to happen. 

    Astronomer Heinrich Kreutz was the first to name the comets in the late 1880s, studying as they grazed close to the sun.

    And many even followed the same orbit. 

    'That is, they were all fragments of a single comet which had broken up,' the European Space Agency, which partners with NASA to operate SOHO, said.

    It is probable that the original comet, and its fragments, had broken up repeatedly as they orbited the Sun with a period of about 800 years. 

    'In honor of his work, this group of comets was named the Kreutz sungrazers.'

    Sungrazing comets have been observed possibly as far back as the year 371 BC. 

    A comet seen by Aristotle and Ephorus may have been a Kreutz sungrazer. 

    C/2023 A3 - also known as Tsuchinshan-Atlas - also made a close pass at Earth this month.

    The comet, known as a sungrazer, took a straight path Earth's star and vaporized in the fiery orbit

    The comet, known as a sungrazer, took a straight path Earth's star and vaporized in the fiery orbit

    Astronomers suggested the comet orbits the sun once every 80,000 years, making its current trip through our solar system the first since humans began to move out of Africa.

    A3 was discovered by researchers last year and first observed at China's Purple Mountain Observatory and an Atlas (Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System) telescope in South Africa. 

    It is named after both observatories.

    It is thought to have originated from the Oort cloud, a giant spherical icy shell that surrounds our solar system and dates back some 4.5 billion years and may measure as much as 25 miles across.

    Dr Gregory Brown, senior public astronomy officer at the Royal Observatory Greenwich, said: 'The comet itself comes from an extremely distant part of our solar system, a place called the Oort cloud.

    'It contains lots of bits left over from the formation of the solar system. Every so often, one of those bits will be nudged inwards in towards the solar system, where it could end up in a very, very long orbit.

    'Those orbits can take extraordinarily long periods of time - thousands of years. The estimate on this particular comet is that if it is in a stable orbit, its last path to the inner solar system was about 80,000 years ago.'

    While comets often appear as a flaming fireball in the sky, Dr Brown said they are sometimes referred to as 'dirty snowballs', as they contain a considerable amount of ice.

    As they fall in towards the sun they thaw out, and the gas and dust trapped within their ice is released, forming a misty cloud around them and the illusion of a 'tail'.

    https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

    29-10-2024 om 23:44 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.EXCLUSIVE - Exactly how NASA could evacuate ISS amid fears about leaks and cracks on the space station

    EXCLUSIVEExactly how NASA could evacuate ISS amid fears about leaks and cracks on the space station

    growing leak on the International Space Station has sparked fears that astronauts on board may need to evacuate, including the two stranded by Boeing's Starliner. 

    All seven astronauts have been forced into the US side of the orbiting laboratory due to 50 'areas of concern' and four cracks in a Russian-made module.

    If the leaks become severe, the space station could rapidly lose oxygen and pressure. 

    The moment Houston sounds the alarm of a threat, astronauts would have to race to shut the hatch of the leaking section and head to 'lifeboats' docked on the ship. 

    A spaceflight expert told DailyMail.com that if evacuation became necessary, each crew would escape in their assigned NASA spacecraft, including the SpaceX Dragon capsule and the Russian Soyuz.

    NASA's Commercial Crew Program Manager Steve Stich said that in the event of an emergency, SpaceX's Dragon could be powered up within minutes. 

    The capsules have been stocked with emergency suits, allowing the crew to quickly put on the proper gear as they flee the orbiting laboratory, saving more valuable time. 

    However, the US space agency has admitted that it is not prepared for capsule failures due to the lack of ready-to-launch vehicles, which could leave the crew stranded without a way home.

    NASA has committed to fully use and safely operate the space station through 2030, with plans to retire the ISS sometime after.

    NASA has a plan in place for an emergency evacuation of the ISS and it could be used amid cracks and leaks on the ship. All seven astronauts are staying on the US side due to a leak in the Russian module

    NASA has a plan in place for an emergency evacuation of the ISS and it could be used amid cracks and leaks on the ship. All seven astronauts are staying on the US side due to a leak in the Russian module

    Independent spaceflight safety expert Laura Forczyk told DailyMail.com: 'If the leaks on the ISS worsen significantly to the point where NASA and Russia conclude the situation is unsafe, it may mean decommissioning the ISS sooner than expected.'

    The main leak was identified in a service module transfer tunnel in Russia's Zvezda module that provides station living quarters, life support systems, electrical power distribution and data processing, flight control and propulsion systems.

    American astronauts who came to the ISS on SpaceX's capsule are prepared to escape on their spacecraft if necessary.

    But the evacuation plan for Don Pettit, a NASA astronaut who flew to the ISS aboard the Roscosmos Soyuz MS-26 spacecraft with two Russian astronauts in September, is a bit more complicated.

    In the event of an emergency, he would not return to Earth on Soyuz. Instead, he would have to cram inside the SpaceX capsule, which was recently equipped with an extra seat just in case Pettit needs it, NASA spokesperson Jimi Russell told DailyMail.com.

    It is unclear why Pettit would not return in the Russian craft, but some have suggested the swap would be due to the growing tensions between Russia and the US. 

    NASA does not currently have an official evacuation plan for American astronauts assigned to Russian spacecraft. But the agency has awarded a $266,000 contract order for SpaceX to build one out. 

    In the event that the leaks, cracks and other issues render the entire ISS uninhabitable, the astronaut crews would follow protocol to shelter in their respective spacecraft.  

    This is not the first time the ISS has sprung a leak. In 2018 astronauts rushed to fix a hole (pictured) which had appeared in the outer wall of the Soyuz capsule on the orbiting laboratory.

    This is not the first time the ISS has sprung a leak. In 2018 astronauts rushed to fix a hole (pictured) which had appeared in the outer wall of the Soyuz capsule on the orbiting laboratory.

    ESA astronaut Tim Peake took this photo from inside Cupola in 2016, showing a 7 mm-diameter circular chip gouged out by the impact from a tiny piece of space debris

    ESA astronaut Tim Peake took this photo from inside Cupola in 2016, showing a 7 mm-diameter circular chip gouged out by the impact from a tiny piece of space debris

    Each crew's capsule has an assigned shelter-in-vehicle plan that will protect astronauts from threats aboard the ISS, and allow them to flee the space station if necessary, according to a September report from NASA's Office of the Inspector General (OIG). 

    'It was designed with these kinds of contingencies in mind,' Stich said previously. 

    They also contain astronaut suits so that crews can quickly and conveniently suit-up in an emergency situation.

    It can take up to 30 minutes to get inside a spacesuit, according to NASA.

    Streamlining this process as much as possible would be critical in an emergency situation. 

    These vehicles would be the astronauts' only hope of escape. If something happened to them, it would be a different story.

    'Due to the high costs and a limited budget, the lack of ready-to-launch vehicles prevent the Agency from having an immediate response capability if crew vehicles encounter significant damage and are no longer safe for crew evacuation,' the report states. 

    Russia's Zvezda module launched in 2000 and 'served as the early cornerstone for the first human habitation of the station,' NASA has said. But like the rest of the ISS, this module is aging and requires maintenance to keep working. 

    The leak has been ongoing since 2019 when air began escaping from the module's transfer tunnel, a vestibule that separates the Russian docking port from the rest of the rest of the module.

    There was no immediate danger, but it was eventually located and has been patched multiple times over the last five years. 

    The Zvezda module is used to access a Russian cargo dock. Due to the escalating leak, the Russian space agency has agreed to keep the module sealed except when needed

    The Zvezda module is used to access a Russian cargo dock. Due to the escalating leak, the Russian space agency has agreed to keep the module sealed except when needed

    A new leak was identified in 2021, also in the Russian Zvezda module, which was deemed a 'fairly serious issue.' 

    If the leak grew severe, NASA and Roscosmos may be forced to permanently close the hatch to the affected tunnel.

    And if the leaks worsened to a point where the habitability of the entire space station was affected, astronauts would be forced to sequester inside their spacecraft and potentially return to Earth. 

    Former NASA astronaut Bill Shepherd, who served as the first commander on the ISS from October 2000 to March 2001, told a House of Representatives committee at the time that NASA and Russian engineers 'don't exactly understand why the cracks are appearing now.' 

    Shepherd reiterated claims by Roscosmos, the Russian space agency, that it was 'becoming a serious issue.'

    Despite the fact that NASA has patched the main leak repeatedly, the amount of air escaping the station has only increased over the last five years.

    NASA is now tracking 50 'areas of concern' related to a leak in the Russian Zvezda Service Module Transfer Tunnel (labelled)  which sprung a leak in 2019

    NASA is now tracking 50 'areas of concern' related to a leak in the Russian Zvezda Service Module Transfer Tunnel (labelled)  which sprung a leak in 2019

    The Canadarm2 robot arm was struck by space debris in May 2021, creating a hole that fortunately didn't impact the functionality of the robotic arm

    The Canadarm2 robot arm was struck by space debris in May 2021, creating a hole that fortunately didn't impact the functionality of the robotic arm

    It was the focus of the September report from the OIG, which found that the leak then hit record rates in April - losing 3.7 pounds of air every day.

    The OIG has escalated the threat rating to five out of five in NASA's internal risk assessments. 

    But this leak is just the tip of the iceberg. NASA officials told the Washington Post they are tracking four other cracks and 50 'areas of concern' on the ISS.

    Speaking to the Washington Post, NASA associate administrator Jim Free said: 'We have conveyed the seriousness of the leaks multiple times, including when I was in Russia earlier this year.'

    The cracks have 'all been covered with a combination of sealant and patches,' by Roscosmos, and further repairs are ongoing. 

    article image

    The aging ISS has remained in orbit for 10 years longer than NASA originally planned. 

    The OIG identified 588 replacement parts that were operating beyond their operational lifetimes, according to the September report. 

    To make matters worse, OIG is monitoring several other risks that could imperil the ISS, including potential collisions with micro-meteors and space debris. 

    NASA currently plans to decommission the ISS by 2031, and has tasked SpaceX with building a Dragon-type spacecraft that could remove the station from orbit.

    But there's a chance that this recent scourge of technical issues could shorten that timeline, according to spaceflight safety expert Laura Forczyk.

    Though she said that worsening geopolitical relations between the US and Russia are the higher risk factor to the ISS decommissioning timeline.  

    https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

    29-10-2024 om 23:34 geschreven door peter  

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    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen. The Sun Has Reached Its Solar Maximum and it Could Last for One Year
    These extreme UV light images from the Solar Dynamics Observatory shows the Sun at solar minimum (left, Dec. 2019) compared to the current solar maximum.
    Image Credit: NASA/SDO

    The Sun Has Reached Its Solar Maximum and it Could Last for One Year

    For most of human history, the Sun appeared stable. It was a stoic stellar presence, going about its business fusing hydrogen into helium beyond our awareness and helping Earth remain habitable. But in our modern technological age, that facade fell away.

    We now know that the Sun is governed by its powerful magnetic fields, and as these fields cycle through their changes, the Sun becomes more active. Right now, according to NASA, the Sun is at its solar maximum, a time of increased activity.

    Solar Maximum means pretty much what it sounds like. In this phase of the cycle, our star is exhibiting maximum activity. The Sun’s intense magnetic fields produce more sunspots and solar flares than at any other time in its 11-year cycle.

    The Solar Maximum is all based on the Sun’s magnetic fields. These fields are measured in Gauss units, which describe magnetic flux density. The Sun’s poles measure about 1 to 2 gauss, but sunspots are much higher at about 3,000 gauss. (Earth is only 0.25 to 0.65 gauss at its surface.) Since the magnetic field is so much stronger where sunspots appear, they inhibit convective heating from deeper inside the Sun. As a result, sunspots appear as dark patches.

    Sunspots are visual indicators of the Sun’s 11-year cycle. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and an international group called the Solar Cycle Prediction Panel watch sunspots to understand where the Sun is at in its cycle.

    “During solar maximum, the number of sunspots, and therefore, the amount of solar activity, increases,” said Jamie Favors, director of the Space Weather Program at NASA Headquarters in Washington. “This increase in activity provides an exciting opportunity to learn about our closest star — but also causes real effects at Earth and throughout our solar system.”

    The effects came into focus for many of us recently. In May 2024, the Sun launched multiple CMEs. As the magnetic fields and charged particles reached Earth, they triggered the strongest geomagnetic storm in 200 decades. These created colourful aurorae that were visible much further from the poles than usual. NASA says that these aurorae were likely among the strongest displays in the last 500 years.

    Scientists know the Sun is at its solar maximum. But it lasts for an entire year. They won’t know when its activity peaks until after they’ve watched it for months and its activity has declined.

    “This announcement doesn’t mean that this is the peak of solar activity we’ll see this solar cycle,” said Elsayed Talaat, director of space weather operations at NOAA. “While the Sun has reached the solar maximum period, the month that solar activity peaks on the Sun will not be identified for months or years.”

    Each cycle is different, making it difficult to label peak solar activity. Different peaks have different durations and have higher or lower peaks than others.

    Understanding the Sun’s cycle is important because it creates space weather. During solar maximum, the increased sunspots and flares also mean more coronal mass ejections (CMEs.) CMEs can strike Earth, and when they do, they can trigger aurorae and cause geomagnetic storms. CMEs, which are blobs of hot plasma, can also affect satellites, communications, and even electrical grids.

    NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory captured these images of solar flares below, as seen in the bright flashes in the left image (May 8, 2024 flare) and the right image (May 7, 2024 flare). The image shows 131 angstrom light, a subset of extreme ultraviolet light that highlights the extremely hot material in flares and which is colourized in orange.

    via GIPHY

    During the solar maximum, the Sun produces an average of three CMEs every day, while it drops to one CME every five days during the solar minimum. The CMEs’ effect on satellites causes the most concern. In 2003, satellites experienced 70 different types of failures. The failures ranged from erroneous signals in a satellite’s electronics to the destruction of electrical components. The solar storm that occurred in 2003 was deemed responsible for 46 of those 70 failures.

    CMEs are also a hazard for astronauts orbiting Earth. The increased radiation poses a health risk, and during storms, astronauts seek safety in the most shielded part of the ISS, Russia’s Zvezda Service Module.

    Galileo and other astronomers noticed sunspots hundreds of years ago but didn’t know exactly what they were. In a 1612 pamphlet titled “Letters on Sunspots,” Galileo wrote ‘The sun, turning on its axis, carries them around without necessarily showing us the same spots, or in the same order, or having the same shape.’ This contrasted with others’ views on the spots, some of which suggested they were natural satellites of the Sun.

    We’ve known about the Sun’s magnetic fields for 200 hundred years, though at first, scientists didn’t know the magnetism was coming from the Sun. In 1724, an English geophysicist noticed that his compass was behaving strangely and was deflected from magnetic north throughout the day. In 1882, other scientists correlated these magnetic effects with increased sunspots.

    In recent decades, we’ve learned much more about our stellar companion thanks to spacecraft dedicated to studying it. NASA and the ESA launched the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) in 1995, and NASA launched the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) in 2010. In 2011, we got our first 360-degree view of the Sun thanks to NASA’s two Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO) spacecraft. In 2019, NASA launched the Parker Solar Probe, which also happens to be humanity’s fastest spacecraft.

    Our understanding of the Sun and its cycles is far more complete now. The current cycle, Cycle 25, is the 25th one since 1755.

    This figure shows the number of sunspots over the previous twenty-four solar cycles. Scientists use sunspots to track solar cycle progress; the dark spots are associated with solar activity, often as the origins for giant explosions—such as solar flares or coronal mass ejections—that can spew light, energy, and solar material out into space. Image Credit: NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center
    This figure shows the number of sunspots over the previous twenty-four solar cycles. Scientists use sunspots to track solar cycle progress; the dark spots are associated with solar activity, often as the origins for giant explosions—such as solar flares or coronal mass ejections—that can spew light, energy, and solar material out into space.
    Image Credit: NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center

    “Solar Cycle 25 sunspot activity has slightly exceeded expectations,” said Lisa Upton, co-chair of the Solar Cycle Prediction Panel and lead scientist at Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio, Texas. “However, despite seeing a few large storms, they aren’t larger than what we might expect during the maximum phase of the cycle.”

    The most powerful flare so far in Cycle 25 was on October 3rd, when the Sun emitted an X9 class flare. But scientists anticipate more flares and activity to come. There can be significantly powerful storms even in the cycle’s declining phase, though they’re not as common.

    On October 3, 2024, the Sun emitted a strong solar flare. As of this date, this solar flare is the largest of Solar Cycle 25 and is classified as an X9.0 flare. X-class denotes the most intense flares, while the number provides more information about its strength. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory captured imagery of this solar flare - as seen in the bright flash in the center - on October 3, 2024. The image shows a blend of 171 Angstrom and 131 Angstrom light, subsets of extreme ultraviolet light.
Image Credit: NASA/SDO
    On October 3, 2024, the Sun emitted a strong solar flare. As of this date, this solar flare is the largest of Solar Cycle 25 and is classified as an X9.0 flare. X-class denotes the most intense flares, while the number provides more information about its strength. NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory captured imagery of this solar flare – as seen in the bright flash in the center – on October 3, 2024. The image shows a blend of 171 Angstrom and 131 Angstrom light, subsets of extreme ultraviolet light.
    Image Credit: NASA/SDO

    The Sun’s 11-year cycle is just one of its cycles, nested in larger cycles. The Gleissberg cycle lasts between 80 to 90 years and modulates the 11-year cycle. The de Vries cycle or Suess cycle lasts between 200 and 210 years, and the Hallstatt cycle lasts about 2,300 years. Both of these cycles contribute to long-term solar variation.

    However, even with all we know about the Sun, there are big gaps in our knowledge. The Sun’s magnetic poles switch during the 11-year cycle, and scientists aren’t sure why.

    There’s a lot more to learn about the Sun, but we won’t run out of time to study it any time soon. It’s in the middle of its 10-billion-year lifetime and will be a main-sequence star for another five billion years.

    https://www.universetoday.com/ }

    29-10-2024 om 22:09 geschreven door peter  

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    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Remember that “Alien Signal” Sent by the ExoMars Orbiter Last Year? It’s Just Been Decoded
    The Sign in Space message has finally been decoded.
    Credit: A Sign in Space

    Remember that “Alien Signal” Sent by the ExoMars Orbiter Last Year? It’s Just Been Decoded

    In May 2023, the ESA’s Exomars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO), currently in orbit around Mars, sent a signal to Earth to simulate a possible extraterrestrial transmission. As part of the multidisciplinary art project “A Sign in Space,” the purpose was to engage citizen scientists in helping to decode it. The campaign was inspired by Cosmicomics by Italian writer/journalist Italo Calvino, a series of short stories exploring various scientific principles. The project is partnered with the SETI Institute, the Green Bank Observatory, the European Space Agency (ESA), and the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF).

    After three radio astronomy observatories on Earth intercepted the message, the challenge was to extract the message from the raw data of the radio signal and then decode it. After ten days, more than 5000 citizen scientists worldwide gathered online and used their combined resources to extract the signal. After a year of attempts, two U.S. citizens – the father-daughter team of Ken and Keli Chaffin – managed to crack the code after days of simulations. They discovered that the message consisted of five clusters of white dots and lattices against a black background, suggesting cellular formation and life!

    The project was founded by Daniela de Paulis, a media artist and licensed radio operator currently serving as the Artist in Residence at the SETI Institute and the Green Bank Observatory. Daniela and a small group of astronomers and computer scientists crafted the message with support from the ESA, the SETI Institute, and the Green Bank Observatory. On June 7th, 2024, she received the decoded image, which depicted five amino acids—the very building blocks of life—in a retro-like format.

    Ken Chaffin included the following message with the solution he and his daughter submitted:

    “My decoded message is a simple image with 5 amino acids displayed in a universal (hopefully) organic molecular diagram notation and a few single pixel points that appear between the clusters and molecular diagrams. I used a Margolus reversible 2×2 block cellular automata (BCA) with the simplest reversible rule, which is called ‘single point (CCW) rotation,’ acting only on 2×2 cells that contain only a single point or pixel per the header instructions, conserving pixel or point count, 625 pixels in and 625 out. The starmap image appears to have the molecular forms encoded in a 3D local degree of freedom set of basis vectors (also shown in the header).

    “The CA effectively transforms and projects this 3D info onto a 2D plane. I can run my Unity game engine based simulator forwards (CCW rotation) and backwards (CW rotation) in time and transform the starmap representation to the amino acid diagrams in 6625 generations and reverse the rotation process to transform the amino acid diagrams back to the starmap image in 6625 generations. I say starmap but I really read from the binary message file each run. The decoded image is only visible for 1 frame lasting about 1/10th of a second, but I can pause and manually step as well as reverse my CA engine…Here is a screen capture of my decoded image [see below].

    “The ‘blocks’ have 1, 6, 7, or 8 ‘pixels’ representing the atomic number of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. Single and double bonds are designated as single and double lines. C-H bond angle is indicated with a caret ^ sign. These signs were produced by the CA. I have not edited the image in any way. It’s absolutely obvious to me what this is, as well as to my chemist friend I ran this by. It is amazing to watch all of the CA gliders or spaceships carry the binary bits of the message all over the ‘galaxy’ and then suddenly come together in coherence and meaning…”

    The image shows the Chaffis solution.
    Credit: A Sign in Space

    Now that the tasks of extracting and decoding the message are complete, Daniela and her colleagues are taking a step back to observe how citizen scientists are shaping the challenge. The next step is to interpret the message and determine what it was meant to convey, a task that currently remains open. According to the project team, there are several ways for the public to engage, which include using the description and solution provided by the Chaffins to conduct independent analysis and post the results on the project’s Discord channel.

    Participants must include a description of the method they used so that their approach can be replicated and verified. The possibilities are endless, ranging from an attempt at communication, cultural exchange, or a threat of invasion. Ultimately, this exercise aims to determine whether or not humanity is ready to make first contact with an alien civilization.

    Further Reading: 

    https://www.universetoday.com/ }

    29-10-2024 om 21:56 geschreven door peter  

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    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.China’s ‘Thousand Sails’ Joins Starlink as the Latest Mega-Satellite Constellation in Orbit
    Sails

    China’s ‘Thousand Sails’ Joins Starlink as the Latest Mega-Satellite Constellation in Orbit

    With ‘Thousand Sails,’ China joins the race to fill up Low Earth Orbit with mega-satellite constellations.

    It’s getting crowded up there in Low Earth orbit (LEO). By now, flocks of Starlinks have become a familiar sight, and the bane of astrophotographers as the ‘vermin of the skies.’ Now, several new competitors have joined the fray, with more waiting in the wings.

    Perhaps, you’ve seen one of these curious-looking ‘satellite trains,’ and wondered what they were. Certainly, the advent of satellite trains courtesy of Starlink have added to the annals of purported UFO videos shot via smartphone across YouTube. Now, more agencies worldwide are getting into the game in 2024, assuring that the next ‘star’ you wish on at dusk may, in fact, be an artificial satellite.

    Approaching An Artificial Sky

    Streaks and trails due to the increasing number of Starlinks in orbit have also become a standard feature in modern deep sky images. While techniques to remove these have been pioneered by astrophotographers, these will continue to impact deep sky astronomy. This impact extends to sky surveys soon set to come online such as the Vera Rubin Observatory, set to see first light early next year in 2025.

    Nick James
    The first batch of Thousand Sails satellites in orbit, shortly after launch.
    Credit: Nick James.

    SpaceX has implemented mitigation plans in response, including use of sun visors on first generation satellites, diffuse ‘dielectric mirror’ material on newer Version 2 (V2) platforms, and angling solar arrays. These have seen some success. Certainly, spotters have noted that the new Version 2’s have a bluer tint, and seem to shine at magnitude +7 once they’re boosted into their respective orbital slots. This is near the +7 magnitude threshold called for by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the International Astronomical Union (IAU).

    Radio noise from these new communications satellite constellations is also an issue that astronomers now have to contend with. LOFAR (The Netherlands Institute for Astronomy’s Low Frequency Array) notes that “new observations with the LOFAR radio telescope…have shown that the second generation ‘V2-mini’ Starlink satellites emit up to 32 brighter unintended radio waves than satellites from the previous generation.”

    Enter China’s ‘Thousand Sails’ Initiative

    China also recently joined the competition in LEO, with the launch of a Long March-6 rocket from Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center with 18 satellites for Shanghai Spacecom Satellite Technology (SSST). This is part of the company’s ‘Thousand Sails’ initiative.

    Sails
    The first batch of Thousand Sails satellites head to orbit.
    Credit: CNSA.

    Dubbed China’s answer to Starlink, This will see an initial 1,296 satellites for the constellation placed in orbit by 2027. The company also has plans to expand the network to 12,000 satellites into the 2030s. This first batch went into a polar (sun-synchronous) orbit, and the resulting satellite train was spotted in orbit shortly after launch.

    1000 Sails
    The Long March 6A booster fuel dump from the first Thousand Sails deployment, shortly after launch.
    Credit: Dan Bush/Missouri Skies.

    And there’s more in store. China also launched a Long March 6 rocket on September 5th, with 10 new satellites for Geely Group Automotive. These are part of the company’s effort to build a communication network for autonomous vehicles.

    Geegly Group
    An artist’s impression of Geely Group satellites in orbit.
    Credit: Geely Group.

    As a follow-on this month, China also launched a Long March-6 rocket on October 15th with another batch of 18 satellites headed into a polar orbit. This group is also part of the Thousand Sails constellation. Satellite spotters have already tracked these in orbit, with an estimated brightness of up the +4th magnitude when near the zenith on a visible pass. Keep in mind, China isn’t beholden to any obligations to mitigate the impact that satellite constellations might have on the night sky…nor do any formal international standards exist.

    More Mega Satellite Constellations to Come

    Not to be outdone, SpaceX is putting up more than just Starlink. Last month, SpaceX launched a Falcon 9 rocket on September 12th, with the first five Bluebird satellites. These are ASTMobile’s follow-on to the BlueWalker-3 test satellite, still in orbit. With a phased-array antenna 10-meters across when deployed, BlueWalker-3 reaches magnitude 0. The company plans to put 110 of these potentially brilliant Bluebirds in orbit over the next few years.

    BlueWalker 3
    A Bluewalker antenna unfolded on Earth.
    Credit: ASTMobile.

    OneWeb is also still putting satellites in orbit. The ongoing Russia-Ukraine War has forced the company to forego Soyuz launches. Instead, OneWeb now relies on competitor SpaceX to get into orbit.

    The OneWeb satellite constellation currently hosts 660 satellites in orbit, right around the initial target number set by the company Eutelsat-OneWeb for nominal operation. The company began offering services through residential providers last year, including Hughesnet, Viasat and ironically, Starlink.

    Starlink’s current status is 7,125 satellites in orbit, with 23 more planned tonight with the launch of Starlink Group 6-61 from the Cape. 12,000 satellites in orbit are planned for in the coming years, and the constellation could extend to a total of 34,400 satellites in future years.

    Not to be outdone, the Unites States’ Department of Defense is putting its own dedicated satellite constellation in space. Dubbed Starshield, the network already has 73 satellites in orbit, and a total of more than a 100 are planned. As expected, the DoD is already shaping up to be Starlink’s (and SpaceX’s) biggest customer.

    Hunting Satellite Trains

    Other bright reflectors are making themselves seen in the night sky as well. ACS-3 (the Advanced Composite Solar Sail System) was launched this past April on a Rocket Lab Electron rocket. The mission successfully unfurled this summer on August 29th. ACS-3 is the latest in a batch of satellites to attempt to test solar sail technologies in orbit. Mission planners could use this tech on future missions for maneuvering, propulsion or reentry disposal. Previous missions, including NanoSail-D2 and Planetary Society’s Light Sail have struggled with this tech, demonstrating just how difficult it’s turning out to be.

    ACS-3 is definitely tumbling: we’ve seen it flare up to 0 magnitude (as bright as Vega) on a good pass. This seems to be very angle dependent.

    You can track these missions and more on Heavens-Above. The leaders for the first two batches of respective Thousand Sail groups are 2024-140A and 2024-145A. Plus, Heavens-Above tracks Starlink batches (which are once again going up at a furious rate) on a dedicated page. We saw the most recently launched Starlink Group Batch 8-19 this past weekend… and that was from under the bright lights of downtown Bristol, Tennessee.

    The Promise and Peril of Mega-Sat Constellations

    To be sure, we’re a huge consumer of roaming WiFi. If we can continue our career and online exploits from a remote basecamp, then that’s a good thing… but there also needs to be oversight when it comes to what we’re collectively doing to our night sky as a resource.

    Are we headed towards a future where artificial stars in the night sky outnumber real ones? Perhaps, the best thing that amateur satellite trackers can do now, is to chronicle what’s happening, as the Anthropocene era leaves its mark on a brave new night sky.

    https://www.universetoday.com/ }

    29-10-2024 om 21:53 geschreven door peter  

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    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Did Some of Earth’s Water Come from the Solar Wind?
    The Sun releases a steady stream of charged particles called the Solar Wind. When it strikes unprotected surfaces like asteroids or the Moon, it can change the chemistry and even create water molecules.
    Image Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/Mary Pat Hrybyk-Keith

    Did Some of Earth’s Water Come from the Solar Wind?

    The source of Earth’s water is an enduring mystery that extends to exoplanets and the notion of habitability. In broad terms, Earth’s water was either part of the planet from the beginning of its formation in the solar nebula or delivered later, maybe by asteroids and comets.

    New research suggests that the Sun’s relentless solar wind could’ve played a role.

    Scientists have worked hard to understand how Earth has so much life-giving water. There’s lots of research supporting the asteroid/comet delivery scenario. There’s also evidence that it accumulated water as it grew. During its accretion phase, it may have absorbed water-rich planetesimals.

    To try to understand how Earth’s water fits into the history of the planet and the Solar System, researchers examine the isotope ratio on Earth and in meteorites. The isotopic composition of Earth’s water is most similar to primitive meteorites. On the other hand, it’s different from that of comets and nebular gas.

    This implies that Earth’s water came from the same cosmochemical reservoir that is also the source of primitive meteorites.

    It’s a complicated issue. Maybe Earth’s water has multiple sources. Maybe some of it was created in space long after Earth and the rest of the Solar System formed, and then delivered to Earth.

    New research in The Astrophysical Journal explores how water can be created by the solar wind as it strikes surfaces holding oxygen-containing minerals. It’s titled “Stellar Wind Contribution to the Origin of Water on the Surface of Oxygen-containing Minerals.” The lead author is Svatolpuk Civiš from the J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry at the Czech Academy of Sciences in Prague.

    The solar wind is a steady stream of charged particles—mostly protons and electrons—that come from the Sun. H+ ions, which are simply protons, are the most abundant particles in the solar wind. They make a big contribution to the solar wind’s properties. Could the wind trigger the creation of water molecules?

    The researchers performed laboratory experiments to find out. They tested 14 oxygen-containing minerals. “To investigate the process of water formation on the surface of oxidic materials and water abundances, we used the technique of surface bombardment with hydrogen or deuterium atoms and ions,” the authors write in their paper.

    The list of materials tested in the laboratory. Note that two of the samples are meteorites and that one of the samples, TiO2 P25 anatase, did not produce water in its discharge. Image Credit: Civiš et al. 2024.
    The list of materials tested in the laboratory. Note that two of the samples are meteorites and that one of the samples, TiO2 P25 anatase, did not produce water in its discharge.
    Image Credit: Civiš et al. 2024.

    The experiments had two phases: the first tested whether the minerals would produce water when exposed to the solar wind, and the second tested their adsorption capacity. Separate from absorption, adsorption is the adhesion of a sample to a surface.

    The team produced water and then measured it using two methods: a microwave (MW) discharge experiment and sputter gun irradiation. They tested the results with a type of spectrometry analysis called Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) analysis.

    “Both these experiments include a mineral sample bombarded by hydrogen/deuterium ions, which, among other possibilities, react with surface oxygens in the mineral lattice and form water molecules,” the authors write.

    This figure illustrates the two types of laboratory tests. The left panel shows the MW discharge method and the right panel shows the Ion sputter gun method. Image Credit: Civiš et al. 2024.

    This figure illustrates the two types of laboratory tests. The left panel shows the MW discharge method and the right panel shows the Ion sputter gun method.
    Image Credit: Civiš et al. 2024.

    The oxide material samples were not only exposed to the strong current of H, H+ and molecular hydrogen that mimic the solar wind. They were also exposed to intense visible and UV radiation generated in the hydrogen discharge.

    “The stellar wind irradiation of rocky oxygen-containing minerals results in a reaction between H+ ions and silicate minerals to produce water and OH, which could explain the presence of water in the regoliths of airless worlds such as the Moon, as well as the water abundances in asteroids,” the authors write.

    Previous research has established that a chemical reaction occurs between hydrogen ions and silicate minerals when rocky materials are exposed to solar wind irradiation. Some researchers have observed the formation of OH (hydroxide) and water, while others have only found OH. This research goes deeper by testing the rocky materials for water adsorption.

    The researchers tested the samples’ water adsorption capacity. Then, they calculated how much material would need to reach Earth to account for the amount of water on contemporary Earth.

    “Besides material acquired by the Earth during accretion, the solar wind origin of water and its delivery to Earth could have gone on even during post-accretional bombardment,” the authors write. Here, they’re referring to the hypothetical Late Heavy Bombardment.

    Previous research shows that ” asteroid and comet impacts during the classical Late Heavy Bombardment would bring in about ?1020 kg of material,” the authors write. “If that material’s surface was fully saturated with adsorbed water as composed of one of our minerals, our calculations suggest that at least one ocean equivalent of water could have been brought in.”

    This schematic from the research shows how the solar wind can create water molecules on rocky bodies like asteroids. The water is adsorbed into a thin film and adheres to the asteroid. Eventually, some of this water is delivered to Earth by impacts. Image Credit: Civiš et al. 2024.

    This schematic from the research shows how the solar wind can create water molecules on rocky bodies like asteroids. The water is adsorbed into a thin film and adheres to the asteroid. Eventually, some of this water is delivered to Earth by impacts.
    Image Credit: Civiš et al. 2024.

    There’s not much doubt about the results of these tests and the ability of the solar wind to create water.

    “The results of the experiments summarized in this work, focused on surface bombardment with hydrogen atoms, clearly confirm the theory of the interaction of excited hydrogen or deuterium Rydberg atoms and ions with the surface oxygens of oxide minerals,” the authors explain. “Our experiments attempt to explain the origin of water in the areas of oxygen-containing solid material (e.g., dust, meteoroids, asteroids, comets) exposed to a stream of charged particles close to a parent star.”

    Earth’s atmosphere and magnetosphere shield it from the solar wind, so there’s no way the wind could’ve created water right on Earth’s surface. However, as the study shows, the wind can create water on the surface of other bodies like asteroids, and the water can be adsorbed and held firm, then delivered to Earth via impacts.

    “This scenario is also applicable to the origin of water on Earth,” the authors write. “Due to this effect, a water molecule can be adsorbed on the surface of oxygen-containing particles and then transported over long distances and times,” the researchers write.

    This study won’t be the end of the ongoing effort to account for Earth’s water. In a fascinating roundabout way, this research brings us back to asteroids and meteorites delivering Earth’s water. If it can happen here, it can happen on exoplanets elsewhere in the galaxy.

    https://www.universetoday.com/ }

    29-10-2024 om 21:40 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Add Astronaut Nutrition to the List of Barriers to Long-Duration Spaceflight
    NASA Astronauts Kjell Lindgren (center) and Scott Kelly (right) and Kimiya Yui (left) of Japan consume space grown food for the first time ever, from the Veggie plant growth system on the International Space Station in August 2015.
    Credit: NASA TV

    Add Astronaut Nutrition to the List of Barriers to Long-Duration Spaceflight

    Though there are no firm plans for a crewed mission to Mars, we all know one’s coming. Astronauts routinely spend months at a time on the ISS, and we’ve learned a lot about the hazards astronauts face on long missions. However, Mars missions can take years, which presents a whole host of problems, including astronaut nutrition.

    Nutrition can help astronauts manage spaceflight risks in the ISS, but long-duration missions to Mars are different. There can be no resupply.

    In physiological terms, low gravity and radiation exposure are the two chronic hazards astronauts face on the ISS. Low gravity can lead to muscle loss and bone density loss, and radiation exposure increases the risk of developing cancer and other degenerative diseases. When astronauts make the trip to Mars, each leg of the journey can take 6 or 7 months, and they may stay on Mars for 500 days.

    This dwarfs the eight days that the Apollo 11 astronauts spent in space. These long trips will tax astronauts’ health and NASA is working to understand what role nutrition can play in helping astronauts stay healthy and manage the risks.

    Their current work on astronaut nutrition is a freely available PDF book titled “Human Adaptation to Spaceflight: The Role of Food and Nutrition—2nd Edition.” Its four authors are all researchers working in nutrition, biochemistry, biomedical research, space food systems, and preventative health.

    “The importance of nutrition in exploration has been documented repeatedly throughout history, on voyages across oceans, on expeditions across polar ice, and on treks across unexplored continents,” the authors write.

    Scientists have learned a lot about nutrition since the age of sailing and exploration, but the authors write that “a key difference between past journeys and space exploration is that astronauts are not likely to find food along the way.” This means that understanding astronaut nutritional requirements and food system requirements on long journeys is “as critical to crew safety and mission success as any of the mechanical systems of the spacecraft itself.”

    The book examines the unique challenges astronauts face and presents data from multiple studies that are analogous to those challenges. For example, nutrition research from Antarctica duplicates the isolation and lack of sunlight astronauts can face on long missions, and head-down tilt-bed rest duplicates the musculoskeletal disuse they must endure.

    This figure shows how HDT bed rest is used as an analogue for astronauts during long-duration microgravity spaceflight. Image Credit: Hargens AR et al. 2016.
    This figure shows how HDT bed rest is used as an analogue for astronauts during long-duration microgravity spaceflight.
    Image Credit: Hargens AR et al. 2016.

    Astronauts face a long list of health risks on long-duration spaceflights. Radiation exposure and its cancer risk and microgravity and its effect on muscle and bone are the most well-known risks. But there are other lesser-known risks, too.

    Astronauts can suffer from neuro-ocular syndrome, their immune systems can be weakened, and their gut biota can change. All of these conditions are linked with nutrition. While scientists don’t have a complete understanding of how everything works, it’s clear that nutrition plays a role. The book outlines the types of research being done and what the current understanding is. But the authors are clear about one thing: the system of providing astronauts with proper nutrition needs work.

    ISS astronauts, except for Russians, get part of their food in Crew Specific Menu (CSM) containers that each astronaut orders. They provide between 10% and 20% of their food. They also receive a small supply of fresh foods and limited shelf-life foods on each re-supply mission. This has increased the variety of foods for astronauts and helped with nutrition, but astronauts still say they’d like more CSM and fresh foods.

    Here in the developed world on Earth, it’s fairly straightforward to meet nutritional needs. Most of us have access to supermarkets and/or farmer’s markets where we can buy fresh produce and other healthy foods. That same variety simply isn’t available in space. ISS astronauts have done some experimental “farming” and have successfully grown a few food plants like lettuce, kale, and cabbage. However, that’s a long way away from growing enough food to help with nutrition, especially on a Mars mission, where presumable space and payload will be at a premium.

    Crops successfully grown in Veggie include lettuce, Swiss chard, radishes, Chinese cabbage and peas. Image Credit: NASA

    Crops successfully grown in Veggie include lettuce, Swiss chard, radishes, Chinese cabbage and peas.
    Image Credit: NASA

    One obvious question about astronaut nutrition is whether supplements can replace nutritious food. The authors present evidence that discredits that idea. “Many previous studies have shown that the complex synergistic benefits provided by whole foods cannot be replicated by supplements,” they write. In fact, in some instances, supplements can be dangerous. “Recent studies have also found that supplementation with certain antioxidants such as vitamin E and vitamin A can increase risks of cancer and all-cause mortality,” the authors explain.

    The need for a space food system goes beyond nutrition. There are social and well-being benefits, too. Knowing that you have access to a variety of healthy foods keeps morale up. The ability to share or trade high-value food items with your fellow astronauts can create goodwill and a desire to cooperate. Think of sharing a meal with friends or family and all the social connection it provides.

    According to the authors, there’s currently no solution to the nutrition roadblock for Mars missions. In fact, there’s currently no system designed to supply astronauts with the needed nutrition for any long-duration spaceflight. “Currently, no food system exists to meet the nutrition, acceptability, safety, and resource challenges of extended exploration missions, such as a mission to Mars,” the authors write.

    However, the researchers say it’s critical that we develop one. Without it, long-duration missions and the astronauts who crew them will suffer and possibly face catastrophic failure.

    “A space food system, developed and provisioned to deliver all the defined nutritional requirements, should be available on every human mission as an essential countermeasure to health and performance decrements,” the authors write.

    https://www.universetoday.com/ }

    29-10-2024 om 21:28 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.“Een kosmische structuur zo groot als 140 Melkwegen, dat is onvoorstelbaar”: nooit eerder spuwde superzwaar zwart gat zo'n gigantische stralen uit
    HLN-wetenschapsexpert  Martijn Peters geeft meer uitleg over het ontdekte superzwaar zwart gat.
    PREMIUM
    HLN-wetenschapsexpert Martijn Peters geeft meer uitleg over het ontdekte superzwaar zwart gat. 
    © Martijn Oei/Dylan Nelson/IllustrisTNG Collaboration / Gregory Van Gansen / Photo News

    “Een kosmische structuur zo groot als 140 Melkwegen, dat is onvoorstelbaar”: nooit eerder spuwde superzwaar zwart gat zo'n gigantische stralen uit

    Diep in de kosmos hebben astronomen de grootste straalstromen ooit waargenomen, afkomstig uit een ‘superzwaar zwart gat’. Ze zijn liefst 140 keer groter dan onze Melkweg en dat slaat wetenschappers met verstomming, want ze dachten dat zoiets fysisch onmogelijk was? Tot nu, dus. Wat hebben ze precies ontdekt? Hoe hebben ze dat gedaan? En wat maakt dit zo uitzonderlijk? HLN-wetenschapsexpert Martijn Peters geeft de antwoorden.

    https://www.hln.be/ }

    29-10-2024 om 20:58 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:HLN.be - Het Laatste Nieuws ( NL)
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Pentagon left baffled after mysterious drones flying above secret military base

    Pentagon left baffled after mysterious drones flying above secret military base

    Story by Holly Bishop
     
    Pentagon left baffled after mysterious drones flying above secret military base
    Pentagon left baffled after mysterious drones flying above secret military base
    © GB News (CA)

    Pentagon officials have been left perplexed by a swarm of mystery drones that flew over Langley Air Force base for 17 consecutive nights.

    The flock of drones flew in a specific pattern over the base in east Virginia, with one or two-fixed wing drones flying over 100ft in the air, as smaller quadcopters flew below them.

    General Mark Kelly, a commander at the airbase, said the drones were almost impossible to catch.

    Despite flying across large areas around the base for more than a fortnight in December 2023, the Air Force could not shoot them down due to strict federal laws that stop the military from shooting them down unless they pose a threat.

    94th Fighter Squadron F-22As approaching Langley Air Force Base

    94th Fighter Squadron F-22As approaching Langley Air Force Base
    © GB News (CA)

    Some suspect the drones may have originated from Russia or China in an attempt to test American responses.

    In a statement, the US Air Force confirmed the breaches but played down the potential threat.

    “The number of UASs [uncrewed aerial systems] fluctuated and they ranged in size/configuration," the US Air Force said.

    “None of the incursions appeared to exhibit hostile intent but anything flying in our restricted airspace can pose a threat to flight safety. The FAA was made aware of the UAS incursions.”

    Analysts noted that the quadcopters did not utilise frequencies typically associated with commercial drones, suggesting they were not operated by hobbyists.

    LATEST DEVELOPMENTS:

    Due to the sensitive military location, as well as the prolonged nature of the incursions, analysts contacted the White House to help formulate an effective response.

    Officials grappled with various options to combat the potential surveillance threat, although all choices have so far been rejected.

    One suggestion involved using electronic signals to disrupt the drones' navigation systems, but this was dismissed due to the risk of interfering with Wi-Fi networks and emergency response systems.

    Another proposal considered the use of directed energy weapons, an emerging military technology, to shoot down the drones.

    However, the Federal Aviation Authority raised concerns about the potential danger to commercial aircraft during the holiday season.

    A third option explored was the deployment of nets by the US Coast Guard to capture the drones.

    This idea was also rejected due to questions over legal authority and the practical challenges of tracking the swift-moving aircraft.

    While the investigation into the Langley incident continues, a potential lead emerged in January when a Chinese student was arrested for unlawfully photographing naval installations.

    Fengyun Shi, who was studying at the University of Minnesota, was apprehended whilst attempting to fly back to China.

    Langley Air Force Base

    Langley Air Force Base
    © GB News (CA)

    Shi was caught flying a drone near a shipyard operated by HII, a company responsible for constructing nuclear submarines and the latest Ford Class aircraft carriers.

    The student's drone, which had crashed into a tree, contained photos of Navy vessels in dry dock taken around midnight.

    During a federal court appearance, Shi's attorney stated: "If he was a foreign agent, he would be the worst spy ever known."

    However, the connection between this incident and the Langley drone sightings remains unclear.

    The Langley incident is not isolated, as drones have been spotted at other sensitive US military sites.

    Just two months prior, the Energy Department's Nevada Nuclear Security Site outside Las Vegas detected five drones over three days.

    This location is used for testing nuclear weapons, underscoring the potential security risks posed by such incursions.

    These events follow the high-profile Chinese spy balloon incident over Malmstrom Air Force base in Montana, where nuclear assets are stored.

    On February 4 last year, the US Air Force responded by dispatching an F-22 fighter jet armed with an AIM-9X Sidewinder missile to take down the balloon over water.

    Mystery drones flew over US military bases for 17 days
     

    https://www.msn.com/en-us/ }

    29-10-2024 om 00:46 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Mysterious US spaceship executing unprecedented maneuvers above Earth: ‘National security missions in space’

    Mysterious US spaceship executing unprecedented maneuvers above Earth: ‘National security missions in space

    A secretive US spaceship is about to attempt unprecedented flight maneuvers above Earth.

    The X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle (OTV-7) is an experimental space plane operated by the United States Space Force (USSF).

    Although little has been revealed about the purpose of the vehicle, an official painting of the X-37B unveiled last year depicted the futuristic vehicle intercepting an adversary satellite positioning to disable a friendly satellite.

    The US Space Force’s X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle at Kennedy Space Center on Nov. 12, 2022. U.S Space Force/Boeing / SWNS

    The US Space Force’s X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle at Kennedy Space Center on Nov. 12, 2022.
    U.S Space Force/Boeing / SWNS
    A rendering of the X-37B conducting an aerobraking maneuver. Courtesy Boeing Space / SWNS
    A rendering of the X-37B conducting an aerobraking maneuver.
    Courtesy Boeing Space / SWNS

    USSF have now announced the X-37B will begin executing a series of “novel maneuvers” called aerobraking.

    This sees a number of passes using the drag of Earth’s atmosphere to change its orbit around Earth while expending minimal fuel.

    If successful, it will allow the X-37B to safely dispose of its service module components in accordance with recognized standards for space debris mitigation.

    A rendering showing the spacecraft intercepting an adversary satellite. John Ayre/Space Force / SWNS
    A rendering showing the spacecraft intercepting an adversary satellite. 
    John Ayre/Space Force / SWNS
    The X-37B seen at Kennedy Space Center on Oct. 27, 2019. U.S Space Force/Boeing / SWNS
    The X-37B seen at Kennedy Space Center on Oct. 27, 2019. U.S Space Force/Boeing / SWNS

    Since December 2023, USSF, supported by the Air Force Rapid Capabilities Office, has conducted radiation effect experiments and has been testing Space Domain Awareness technologies in a “Highly Elliptical Orbit.”

    Once the aerobrake maneuver is complete, USSF say the X-37B will “resume its test and experimentation objectives until they are accomplished,” at which time the vehicle will de-orbit and execute a safe return as it has during its six previous missions.

    Chief of Space Operations Gen. Chance Saltzman praised the team for its efforts. “This first of a kind maneuver from the X-37B is an incredibly important milestone for the United States Space Force as we seek to expand our aptitude and ability to perform in this challenging domain. The success is a testament to the dedication and perseverance of the team.”

    Mysterious US Spaceship Executing Unprecedented Maneuvers Above Earth: National Security in Space!

    Mystery spaceship returns to Earth

    Beyond these experiments, very little is known about the X-37B's capabilities and purpose. However, during the Aspen Security Forum in 2019, former U.S. Air Force (USAF) Secretary Heather Wilson explained how the X-37B capabilities allow it to avoid detection, saying:

    "[The X-37B is] fascinating [because it] can do an orbit that looks like an egg and, when it's close to the Earth, it's close enough to the atmosphere to turn where it is. Which means our adversaries don't know – and that happens on the far side of the Earth from our adversaries – where it's going to come up next. And we know that that drives them nuts. And I'm really glad about that."

    As Jonathan McDowell – an astronomer and astrophysicist at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics – told Military.com in an interview at the time:

    "[Wilson's comments may shed light on] a previously secret orbit-related capability. The dip into the atmosphere causes a change in the timing of when it next comes overhead. So [trackers'] predictions are off, and [they] have to search for it all over again. Even a timing change makes more work for [adversaries] than just being able to use the existing orbital prediction."

    Once the aerobrake maneuver is complete, the X-37B will resume its tests and experiments until they are fulfilled. As the USSF indicated before the launch of the OTV-7 mission, these tests include operating in new orbital regimes, experimenting with future SDA technologies, and investigating the radiation effects on plant seeds provided by NASA – the "Seeds-2" experiment.

    https://www.sciencealert.com/ }

    29-10-2024 om 00:28 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    28-10-2024
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Strange Group Of UFOs Appears Over Air Force Base In Indiana, Alarming Local Citizens

    Strange Group Of UFOs Appears Over Air Force Base In Indiana, Alarming Local Citizens

    Video taken near Kokomo, Indiana on October 7th has got many people scratching their heads as it appears as though a group of orb-shaped UFOs were flying in formation over Grissom Joint Air Reserve Base.

    Multiple civilian witnesses have reported seeing the at least half a dozen glowing UFOs darting about in the dark sky that night.

    “Alright, it’s October the 7th, 2024 and this is what we’re seeing over Kokomo, Indiana: crazy lights,” a person can be heard saying in a now viral TikTok video of the incident.

    “I think those are UFOs and I really don’t feel comfortable going to sleep tonight,” another witness said in a TikTok video.

    Some suggested that the glowing orbs (which are commonly seen near military bases and often go unexplained, even by NASA) were merely flares.

    However, a public affairs representative for Grissom Joint Air Reserve Base told Daily Mail, “Grissom has KC-135 Stratotankers [a large, Boeing-made, aerial refueling tanker aircraft], and they don’t have flares.”

    The 122nd Fighter Wing of Indiana’s Air National Guard did say they were conducting night-flying operations on Oct 7, 2024, near Kokomo, Indiana.

    The UFOs spotted that night in Indiana possibly just being military flares doesn’t explain what happened the next day though.

    The Daily Mail reports that the day after this sighting another one occurred nearby in Rochester, Indiana: “The person stated that a brief incursion on doppler weather radar showed what looked like a large rectangle UFO speeding nearby, estimated to be about half as big as Disney World.”

    That witness said about the UFO sighting, “I’ve seen many easily explained radar anomalies over the years, but never a huge rectangle with a clearly defined vapor shock wave and trail.

    “Judging by the image size, rectangle would be approximately 20 miles in length.

    People were interested in these podcasts

    https://brobible.com/ }

    28-10-2024 om 23:40 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Earth to Pass Through the Same Taurid Meteor Stream in 2032 That May Have Triggered a Mass Extinction 12,800 Years Ago

    Taurid meteor stream in 2032

    Earth to Pass Through the Same Taurid Meteor Stream in 2032 That May Have Triggered a Mass Extinction 12,800 Years Ago

    Earth will travel right in front of the same Taurid meteor stream in 2032 that caused a mass extinction and worldwide flood ~12,800 years ago, plunging Earth into a mini-Ice Age for 1,300 years. Graham Hancock was right all this time but we did not listen to him.

    Our solar system is a dangerous place, and every month Earth inches closer to one of its riskier places, the “Taurid swarm” of meteors. Our planet is predicted to pass directly through the “Taurid swarm” in November 2032.

    An ancient monument found in Turkey might be more than just a monument—it could be the world’s oldest solar calendar. Researchers from the University of Edinburgh studied symbols carved on the pillars of Göbekli Tepe, a large, ancient site in southern Turkey. They think these carvings were used to track days, seasons, and years, like a calendar. (Source)

    The team noticed that each “V” shape carved on the pillars might represent one day. One pillar even had 365 “V”s, the same number as days in a year. They also found that a special “V” around the neck of a bird-like figure could represent the summer solstice—the longest day of the year. This might explain why the “V” symbol shows up on many other statues in the area, often around the necks of figures connected to time and creation.

    Göbekli Tepe

    Göbekli Tepe aerial view

    Mini Ice Age

    The ancient calendar focused on tracking day, night, and seasonal changes, which might have become more important after a major comet hit Earth around 10,850 B.C. This event likely caused a mini-ice age that wiped out many species. According to Martin Sweatman, a researcher from the University of Edinburgh, the people at Gobekli Tepe were careful observers of the sky, possibly because the comet strike had changed their world.

    This disaster may have sparked the beginning of civilization by starting new religious beliefs and pushing people to develop agriculture to survive the colder climate. Their carvings might be some of the earliest attempts at writing. These carvings also tracked the cycles of the Moon and Sun, long before similar calendars were made. They may have even shown for the first time that comet strikes are more likely to happen when Earth crosses the path of comet fragments, something that modern scientists have confirmed.

    To help support this theory, the team points to another pillar at the site appearing to picture the Taurid meteor stream lasting 27 days, which was quite possibly the source of the ancient comet strike. The researchers believe that the temple carvings show the ancient civilization was recording dates precisely, noting how the movement of constellations across the sky differed based on the time of the year. This would be 10,000 years before Hipparchus of ancient Greece documented the wobble in the Earth’s axis in 150 BC, making this newfound calendar well ahead of its time.

    The Younger Dryas boundary (YDB) cosmic-impact hypothesis suggests that around 12,800 years ago, Earth was hit by pieces of a large comet, which broke apart as it entered the inner solar system. This event likely caused a chain reaction, leading to an “impact winter” (a period of intense cold) and a climate change episode called the Younger Dryas (YD). (Source)

    The collision is also believed to have caused massive wildfires, the extinction of large animals like mammoths, and changes in human cultures and population decline. Evidence of this impact includes unusually high levels of platinum found at 26 sites across the Northern Hemisphere, including in ice cores from Greenland, which show platinum deposits over a 21-year period.

    The start of the Younger Dryas also shows an increase in dust and chemicals linked to wildfires, like ammonium and other burning aerosols, found in ice cores from Greenland, Antarctica, and Russia. These signs point to one of the biggest wildfire events in over 120,000 years, with about 9% of Earth’s forests burned, covering 10 million square kilometers.

    This large-scale burning and the cooling effect of the impact may have triggered the Younger Dryas climate change, according to the theory.

    A 2021 study (Taurid complex smoking gun) found that 88 near-Earth asteroids, hidden in the debris that creates the Taurid Meteor Shower, likely came from the breakup of a single comet about 20,000 years ago. Astronomers at the University of Antioquia in Colombia studied the ‘Taurid complex’ to learn more about where these objects came from.

    In the 1980s, scientists William Napier and Victor Clube noticed large asteroids in the Taurid stream. They suggested these asteroids had the same origin as Comet Encke, which orbits the Sun every three years. However, some asteroids are over a mile wide, meaning they couldn’t have come from Comet Encke itself. Scientists Ignacio Ferrín and Vincenzo Orofino reviewed old research and measured light reflected from the larger asteroids.

    They found more evidence that both Comet Encke and the big asteroids came from the breakup of a huge ice comet, 62 miles wide, about 20,000 years ago. The team warned that these asteroids could be dangerous to Earth, and others from the ancient comet might have already hit our planet in the past. Every year, Earth passes through a stream of debris, causing shooting stars to appear in October in the southern hemisphere and November in the north.

    Comet Encke, first seen in 1786, left a trail of debris as it got closer to the sun, like other comets. This trail, made up of rocks, dust, and debris, sometimes comes close to Earth, leading to lots of scientific study. Some studies focus on larger asteroids.

    Experts think impacts from the Taurid stream may have contributed to the extinction of ancient cultures and global cooling during the Younger Dryas period. The 1908 Tunguska event, where a small asteroid exploded above Russia, destroying millions of trees, is believed to be connected to this debris stream.

    In 2013, the Chelyabinsk meteor, which injured over 1,500 people in Russia, may have also come from the Taurid stream. In 2005, NASA astronomer Rob Suggs observed a flash from a meteor hitting the moon, which was part of the Taurid meteor shower.

    A team of Colombian researchers, along with astronomers from Italy’s University of Salento, reviewed many studies on space impacts. They confirmed that a group of space objects contains up to 88 large pieces. Using a method called secular light curves, they noticed changes in the brightness of these objects and found that 67% showed signs of “comet-like” activity. This supported the idea that these objects came from a common origin.

    Napier, another scientist, supported their findings. He said that these asteroids, which have orbits like Comet Encke, could either be affected by unknown forces or are pieces of a larger, older comet that lost its gases. This original comet may have been a “rubble pile” – a mix of rocks and other materials held together by ice. Over time, this pile could have broken apart, possibly due to forces from the Sun or another object, creating smaller fragments.

    One asteroid, Oljato, is an example of a rubble pile. It’s still held together by ice, which gives it comet-like activity, but it’s much smaller than its parent. Bigger inactive objects like Morpheus are similar, but their ice is trapped inside. Smaller objects, like 2006 SO198, might be the original rocky pieces. The team explained that even if an object looks like a regular asteroid, it could still have a comet-like origin.

    Taurid meteors, part of this group, are usually larger than normal meteors. They shine brightly and go deeper into the Earth’s atmosphere, sometimes creating fireballs. While this is mostly harmless, the discovery of larger asteroids in one “dangerous” part of the meteor stream could be a real threat.

    Earth passes through this risky area every few years, leading to more shooting stars and possibly large objects hitting Earth instead of burning up in the atmosphere. Future encounters are expected in 2022, 2025, 2032, and 2039.

    In 2021, David Asher, Armagh Observatory astronomer predicted that in 2032 and 2036 we are likely to pass through the centre of the Taurid complex, where there will be a ‘noticeable enhancement of fireballs.’ According to study [Taurid complex smoking gun] authors Ignacio Ferrín and Vincenzo Orofino, outgassing from comet-like objects within the complex could be hiding smaller, but still potentially dangerous, asteroids that might hit the Earth.

    ‘The Tunguska cosmic body was 60 to 90 meters in diameter,’ he told Discover Magazine, adding that we ‘now believe the complex may contain many more objects of that size. It is not the tame, simple and innocent complex we thought it was.’

    OTHER VIDEOS

    The TAURID Meteor Stream: A Tale of Fireballs and Extinction Level Impacts

    EARTH TO PASS THROUGH TAURID METEOR STREAM IN 2032

    The TAURID Meteor Stream: A Tale of Fireballs and Extinction Level Impacts

    Taurid Meteor Stream - [ The 3 potential future threats] | Amaxiom

    https://howandwhys.com/ }

    28-10-2024 om 22:15 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Legendary Film Director Claimed His Soundman Heard President/CIA Director George Bush Sr. Say Aliens Are Real & He Saw a Dead One

    filmmaker David Hoffman on aliens

    Legendary Film Director Claimed His Soundman Heard President/CIA Director George Bush Sr. Say Aliens Are Real & He Saw a Dead One

    In 2020, filmmaker David Hoffman released a video on his YouTube channel, which now has over 1 million subscribers, where he shared an unusual experience from when he directed a political interview with George Bush during Bush’s vice-presidential campaign alongside Ronald Reagan.

    Hoffman describes being on an airplane with George Bush Sr. served as CIA director from January 30, 1976, to January 20, 1977, who was drinking heavily, and his soundman, Nigel, who had placed a wireless microphone on Bush to capture the conversation.

    I am not a documentary filmmaker who believes in conspiracy theories. And I am not a scientist or an astronomer. I made this video for my subscribers because I do believe that unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and aliens are real because of what happened to me.” — filmmaker David Hoffman

    Before filming began, Nigel suddenly stopped recording and told Hoffman that he had overheard Bush say something startling: “Hey, you know those little green people? They’re real. I saw one dead.” This statement appeared to refer to aliens, specifically the stereotypical “little green men” associated with extraterrestrial life.

    Though the moment wasn’t captured on tape, Hoffman and his soundman were both struck by what Bush allegedly said, and they never forgot the incident. Hoffman seems to suggest that it’s possible Bush could have seen a dead alien, although the story remains unverified and relies on the soundman’s word. (Source)

    Now I wonder what happened to Jimmy Carter. Former NASA researcher Ed Harris claims that the story of President Carter crying after being briefed on classified UFO information is true. Even Richard Dolan writes about this in his book.

    After being repeatedly stonewalled, Carter was given “the talk,” which reportedly left him deeply sobbing and visibly disturbed for weeks. He was told that major religions, including Christianity, were created by extraterrestrials to prevent humans from destroying themselves while they ran experiments on us, and that they made us. Carter, a deeply religious man who had witnessed a UFO with six other people, realized that releasing such information could cause tremendous economic and social upheaval.

    Below you can read Ed Harris’ statement on the subject that he wrote on Quora:

    Yes, the incident of Jimmy Carter crying after being briefed about classified information regarding UFO’s is largely believed to be true by the serious researchers on the subject. As a forewarning, the following information is very unsettling and will explain why Carter never “kept his promise” of revealing classified UFO information to the public.

    According to the story that was corroborated by more than one witness, U.S. presidents are only given a cursory overview of the subject. Apparently, the CIA runs the program, only provide information to the President on a need to know basis, and do not consider presidential curiosity as sufficient need to know. This was implemented after Kennedy, and all presidents after him have been given only summary briefings (some presidents for unknown reasons were given more than others).

    Okay on to your question. President Carter is a deeply religious man who had also witnessed a UFO with 6 other people. Everyone thought that he would be the one to f inally release UFO info to the public but as the story goes, he was repeatedly stonewalled. Eventually, the CIA had “the talk” with him, and afterward it was reported that he sunk his head in his hands and not only began to deeply sob, but was visibly disturbed for some weeks afterward.

    What was he told and shown?

    He was told that the major religions including Christianity were programs created by extraterrestrials to prevent us from destroying ourselves while they ran their experiments on us – and that they made us. At this moment it became clear to Carter that such information could cause tremendous economic and social upheaval. I should add that I am not only a Christian but a clergyman, so I am in no way attempting to promote atheism here. In fact, how God fits into this might be an interesting separate post. Nevertheless, these are the facts as I know them to be.

    Author and world’s leading UFO researcher Richard Dolan also writes about this incident in his book “UFOs and the National Security State: The Cover-Up Exposed.” According to his book, there are claims that President Carter was given a UFO briefing at the White House on June 14, 1977, which he was then bound to secrecy about. (Click here to read the full article)

    Cordell Hull saw Aliens in Glass Containers, 1939

    Roswell UFO crash started a lot of alien conspiracies, but do you know that many years before that incident, dead alien bodies had been stored in a container in the basements of the Capitol Building, Washington DC? (Source)

    This story first came into the limelight in 2002, when Willian Jones, a director of the Ohio branch of MUFON received an interesting letter from a woman named Lucile Andrew, the daughter of Reverend Turner Hamilton Holt.

    The letter held the top-secret information told by Holt to his daughter about one of his meetings with his cousin Cordell Hull who had been the US Secretary of State from 1933 to 1944 and was also elected as US Senator from 1931 to 1937. He had also received the Nobel Peace Prize and was one of the people who established the United Nations.

    Read also:

    The letter contained the information that Hull would never want to come out until he was alive but at the same time, he could not stop himself from sharing it with his cousin Holt who served at the Shenandoah Christian Church in Greenwich, Ohio.

    According to the letter, one day when Holt was in Washington D.C., he was contacted by Hull who wanted to show him something extremely secret and asked him to never disclose it to anybody. Holt agreed, and Hull took him to a place under the Capitol Building where he showed him an amazing sight. There is no exact information about the time frame of this secret but Hull served under the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt until his resignation in 1944.

    It was a huge room with four glass containers. In each container, there were bodies of dead humanoids in a special liquid (presumably formaldehyde), about which Holt and Hull had no idea. According to the description of their body structure, they were clearly not humans. There also was a “wrecked round craft” in the adjoining room.

    “My father wanted my sister and I to make this information known long after he and Cordell were dead because he felt it was a very important bit of information,” Lucile wrote. “We have researched your group (MUFON) and feel it is the most reliable group in the country. We hope that you will research and search for this information. The jars with creatures in formaldehyde and the wrecked craft are somewhere!

    Cordell said they were afraid that they would start a panic if the public found out about it. Sincerely, Lucile Andrew, Ashland, Ohio.”

    The letter said that the incident happened in 1939, years before the stories of UFOs and alien encounters hit the newspapers. There is no doubt that Cordell Hull was one of the greatest politicians in US history and according to his credibility, it is difficult not to believe his story. Holt married a woman named Vina May Clark and they both had three daughters. Two daughters claimed that Holt had told them about the creatures but he had never said where they came from. “He said the color of this material wasn’t a color that he had seen before, but for the lack of a better word he used “silver.” Reverend Holt was not the sort of person to make up such a wild story and, the sisters feel that by telling the story they are following their father’s wishes.”

    Below is the video where two sisters from Ohio tell the story of how their father was taken to the sub-basement of the capitol and shown what appears to have been alien bodies and a craft.

    Barbara A. Wolanin, the curator U.S. Capitol building said: “She had never heard about these creatures being stored at the Capitol, but she did confirm there was a sub-basement that was divided into storage rooms back then.” When Hull left his job, he wrote his memoirs, but there is no mention of this story in his papers in the Library of Congres

    https://howandwhys.com/ }

    28-10-2024 om 20:58 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Zon bereikt stormachtige piekfase: meer spectaculaire noorderlicht-shows in het verschiet?

    Zon bereikt stormachtige piekfase: meer spectaculaire noorderlicht-shows in het verschiet?

    De zon heeft officieel zijn meest actieve fase bereikt in zijn 11-jarige cyclus. 

    Dat maakten ruimteagentschap NASA en de meteorologische dienst NOAA gisteren bekend tijdens een gezamenlijke persconferentie. Dit zogeheten ‘zonnemaximum’ zal naar verwachting nog zeker een jaar aanhouden, wat mogelijk spectaculaire natuurverschijnselen met zich kan meebrengen, zoals het noorderlicht dat we de voorbije dagen konden zien.

    De zon, die zich normaal gesproken relatief rustig gedraagt, vertoont momenteel een opmerkelijke toename in activiteit. Dit uit zich vooral in het aantal zonnevlekken – donkere, koelere gebieden op het zonneoppervlak die ontstaan door concentraties van magnetische veldlijnen. “Tijdens het zonnemaximum neemt het aantal zonnevlekken toe en daarmee ook de zonneactiviteit”, zegt Jamie Favors, directeur van NASA’s Space Weather Program. “Deze toename in activiteit biedt een opwindende kans om meer te leren over onze dichtstbijzijnde ster – maar veroorzaakt ook echte effecten op aarde en in ons hele zonnestelsel.”

    On the left, an image of the Sun, shown in yellow and orange. It appears bare and is labeled Solar Minimum. On the right, another image of the Sun is covered in sunspots, which look like freckles. It's labeled Solar Maximum.

    Wat is de zonnecyclus?
    De zonnecyclus is een periodiek proces waarbij de zon ongeveer elke 11 jaar een cyclus van activiteit doorloopt, variërend van rustig tot zeer actief. Tijdens het rustigere deel van de cyclus zijn er weinig zonnevlekken en zonne-uitbarstingen. Naarmate de cyclus vordert, neemt de zonneactiviteit toe, wat leidt tot een piek van verhoogde activiteit, bekend als het zonnemaximum. In deze fase zien we meer zonnevlekken, zonnevlammen en coronale massa-ejecties – grote uitbarstingen van plasma en magnetische velden in de ruimte. Dit kan gevolgen hebben voor de aarde, zoals verstoringen van communicatiesystemen en spectaculaire poollichtshows. Na het zonnemaximum keert de zon weer terug naar een rustigere fase, tot de cyclus opnieuw begint.

    Recordbrekende activiteit
    De huidige zonnecyclus, bekend als Cyclus 25, overtreft de verwachtingen van wetenschappers. In mei 2024 was de zonneactiviteit zo intens dat het leidde tot de krachtigste geomagnetische storm in twee decennia. Ook in onze contreien kon je daardoor in streken met weinig lichtvervuiling het noorderlicht zien. Eerder deze maand was het nogmaals raak, nadat een krachtige zonnestorm onze planeet bereikte. Hoewel dat voor ons spectaculair is, zeggen de wetenschappers dat dit niet uitzonderlijk is tijdens de zonnepiek. “Hoewel we enkele grote stormen hebben waargenomen, vallen ze nog steeds binnen wat we kunnen verwachten tijdens een maximumfase”, licht Lisa Upton toe, hoofdwetenschapper bij het Southwest Research Institute en co-voorzitter van het internationale Solar Cycle Prediction Panel. NASA en NOAA achten het reëel dat we de komende maanden meer van dergelijke stormen zullen zien.

    Gevolgen voor het dagelijks leven

    De toegenomen zonneactiviteit heeft niet alleen invloed op het ontstaan van poollicht. Het kan ook verschillende technologische systemen op aarde verstoren. GPS-navigatie, radiocommunicatie en elektriciteitsnetwerken kunnen hinder ondervinden door de intense uitbarstingen van zonnestraling en magnetische energie. Zelfs astronauten in de ruimte kunnen last hebben van de verhoogde zonneactiviteit. Omdat NASA de komende jaren weer astronauten naar de maan wil sturen, is het van cruciaal belang dat wetenschappers de zonnepieken bestuderen.

    NASA en NOAA bereiden zich daar momenteel op voor. In december dit jaar zal NASA’s Parker Solar Probe zijn dichtste nadering tot de zon ooit maken. Deze missie is cruciaal om zonneweer beter te begrijpen. De sonde werd in 2018 gelanceerd en heeft al meerdere keren de zon gepasseerd, waarbij hij steeds dichter bij onze ster kwam. In 2021 vloog de Parker Solar Probe voor het eerst door de corona van de zon, de superhete ‘atmosfeer’ van onze ster. Het is tevens het snelste door de mens gemaakte object in de geschiedenis. Wanneer de sonde in 2025 zijn dichtste benadering van de zon doet, zal hij een snelheid van 690.000 kilometer per uur bereiken.


    May 3–May 9, 2024, NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory observed 82 notable solar flares. The flares came mainly from two active regions on the Sun called AR 13663 and AR 13664. This video highlights all flares classified at M5 or higher with nine categorized as X-class solar flares.
    Credit: NASA

    Bronmateriaal

    https://scientias.nl/ }

    28-10-2024 om 00:00 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    27-10-2024
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Earth from space: Bizarre 'pet cloud' reappears above its favorite spot in New Zealand

    Earth from space: Bizarre 'pet cloud' reappears above its favorite spot in New Zealand

    A satellite photo of a single elongated white cloud hovering over New Zealand

    The Taieri Pet is an altocumulus standing lenticular cloud (ASLC) that forms above New Zealand's Otago region when water vapor condenses out of air as it's forced over the adjacent Rock and Pillar Range. 
    (Image credit: NASA Earth Observatory/Landsat)
    QUICK FACTS

    Where is it? Otago region, New Zealand [-45.39649095, 170.20379599]

    What's in the photo? An elongated lenticular cloud known as the "Taieri Pet"

    Which satellite took the photo? Landsat 8

    When was it taken? Sept. 7, 2024

    A peculiar "pet cloud" took center stage in a recent satellite photo of New Zealand. The freaky formation often appears in the same spot thanks to a nearby mountain range — and is sometimes confused with a UFO.

    The wispy oblong, known by locals as the "Taieri Pet," is an elongated altocumulus standing lenticular cloud (ASLC) that frequently appears between the towns Middlemarch and Hyde in the Otago region of New Zealand's South Island. Although they can vary slightly in size, the clouds always look very similar and appear in almost the same spot. The example in this image is around 7 miles (11.5 kilometers) long.

    ASLCs form when waves of air pass over a topographic barrier, like a mountain range, forcing water vapor to condense into vertical layers, according to the National Weather Service. The Taieri Pet forms when moist air passes over the mountainous Rock and Pillar Range (located parallel to the left of the cloud in the photo) and is held in place and further shaped by perpendicular winds blowing from the north, according to NASA's Earth Observatory.

    "As the cloud forms on the crest of this wave, it remains almost stationary in the sky and is shaped by the strong winds blowing through it," John Law, a meteorologist with New Zealand's MetService, told Earth Observatory.

    Related: 

    The Taieri Pet often has vertical layers that pile up over several hundred feet. This 1951 photograph, taken from the ground, shows the iconic cloud in all its glory. 
    (Image credit: Whites Aviation Collection)

    Lenticular clouds are often shaped like flying saucers and are "believed to be one of the most common explanations for UFO sightings across the world," according to the U.K. Met Office.

    When viewed side-on, the Taieri Pet often has multiple well-defined layers on top of one another, like a "huge stack of pancakes" or a "pile of plates," Earth Observatory representatives wrote. Past photos of the cloud show it can be several hundred feet tall.

    MORE EARTH FROM SPACE

    The height of lenticular clouds can make them a surprising aviation risk. Planes can experience severe turbulence when flying through the structures, due to vertical currents that run up and down through the cloud. The clouds' unusually low temperatures also cause ice to form on planes, according to the U.K. Met Office.

    ASLCs can be a sign that atmospheric conditions are about to change and are often followed by increased levels of precipitation, according to Fox Weather. However, historical weather data suggest this did not happen in this case.


    The Taieri Pet | New Zealand's UFO-Like Cloud Formation Explained!

    https://www.space.com/ }

    27-10-2024 om 23:38 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Fleet of glowing ‘UFOs’ speeding through the skies in Indiana leaves witnesses stunned: Watch

    Fleet of glowing ‘UFOs’ speeding through the skies in Indiana leaves witnesses stunned: Watch

    By Sumanti Sen

    At least six yellowish-orange orbs were seen flickering, before suddenly vanishing into thin air.

    Fleet of glowing ‘UFOs’ speeding through the skies in Indiana leaves witnesses stunned (@christina.sharp18/TikTok)

    Fleet of glowing ‘UFOs’ speeding through the skies in Indiana leaves witnesses stunned

    (@christina.sharp18/TikTok)

    A fleet of mysterious glowing objects, that many have claimed were UFOs, were seen soaring near an Air Force base in Indiana. A video of the incident has gone viral.

    At least six yellowish-orange orbs were seen hovering near Kokomo, which is just south of the Grissom Joint Air Reserve Base, on October 7. The objects flickered and hovered before suddenly vanishing into thin air.

    An eyewitness said the aircraft appeared as a “huge rectangle” with a “clearly defined vapor shock wave” on doppler weather radar. “I’ve seen many easily explained radar anomalies over the years…but never a huge rectangle with a clearly defined vapor shock wave and trail,” the person told the Daily Mail.

    “Judging by the image size, [the] rectangle would be approximately 20 miles in length,” the witness added.

    According to some observers, however, the objects could have been flares dropped from military aircraft. “These look very clearly to be military flares,” said Alejandro Rojas, an advisor at Enigma Labs, which investigates UFO sightings. “The tell-tale signs…are the lights being in a row and lighting up and disappearing in succession.”

    Humanity best be thinking about how to deal with aliens’

    The video was also widely circulated on X. Take a look:

    Many stunned netizens commented on the above video, with one saying, “I swear a few years ago, this looks exactly amber lit orbs I, and many others on the freeway, saw just over Los Angeles. But at the time, I couldn’t find this reported by anyone on the news”. “I saw this same thing outside Hondo Texas 2 years ago.

    But there were about 8 lights in a row, disappearing and then reappearing just like this, for about a full minute,” one user wrote, while another said, “Humanity best be thinking about how to deal with aliens. No more denying they are here.”

    “Seen this before in the south and it looks like the bottom of one large craft,” one user wrote. Another said, “Lots of UFO sightings these days….”. “I have seen those few times in AZ 6-7 years ago,” said one user.


    Fleet of glowing 'UFOs' speeding through the skies in Indiana leaves witnesses stunned: Watch

    27-10-2024 om 23:23 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Meltwater beneath Martian Ice Could Support Microbial Life, Researchers Suggest

    Meltwater beneath Martian Ice Could Support Microbial Life, Researchers Suggest

    On Earth, solar radiation can transmit down to multiple meters within ice, depending on its optical properties. Organisms within ice can harness energy from photosynthetically active radiation while being protected from damaging ultraviolet radiation. On Mars, the lack of an effective ozone shield allows approximately 30% more damaging ultraviolet radiation to reach the surface in comparison with Earth. However, new research shows that despite the intense surface ultraviolet radiation, there are radiatively habitable zones within ice in the Martian mid-latitudes, at depths ranging from a few centimeters for ice with 0.01-0.1% dust, and up to a few meters within cleaner ice.

    The white edges along these gullies in Mars’ Terra Sirenum are believed to be dusty water ice. Khuller et al. think meltwater could form beneath the surface of this kind of ice, providing a place for possible photosynthesis. Image credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech / University of Arizona.

    The white edges along these gullies in Mars’ Terra Sirenum are believed to be dusty water ice. Khuller et al. think meltwater could form beneath the surface of this kind of ice, providing a place for possible photosynthesis.

    Image credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech / University of Arizona.

    “If we’re trying to find life anywhere in the Universe today, Martian ice exposures are probably one of the most accessible places we should be looking,” said Dr. Aditya Khuller, a researcher at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

    Mars has two kinds of ice: frozen water and frozen carbon dioxide.

    Dr. Khuller and colleagues looked at water ice, large amounts of which formed from snow mixed with dust that fell on the surface during a series of Martian ice ages in the past million years.

    That ancient snow has since solidified into ice, still peppered with specks of dust.

    Although dust particles may obscure light in deeper layers of the ice, they are key to explaining how subsurface pools of water could form within ice when exposed to the Sun.

    Dark dust absorbs more sunlight than the surrounding ice, potentially causing the ice to warm up and melt up to a few feet below the surface.

    Mars scientists are divided about whether ice can actually melt when exposed to the Martian surface.

    That’s due to the planet’s thin, dry atmosphere, where water ice is believed to sublimate — turn directly into gas — the way dry ice does on Earth.

    But the atmospheric effects that make melting difficult on the Martian surface wouldn’t apply below the surface of a dusty snowpack or glacier.

    On Earth, dust within ice can create what are called cryoconite holes — small cavities that form in ice when particles of windblown dust (called cryoconite) land there, absorb sunlight, and melt farther into the ice each summer.

    Eventually, as these dust particles travel farther from the Sun’s rays, they stop sinking, but they still generate enough warmth to create a pocket of meltwater around them.

    The pockets can nourish a thriving ecosystem for simple lifeforms.

    “This is a common phenomenon on Earth,” said Dr. Phil Christensen, a researcher at Arizona State University.

    “Dense snow and ice can melt from the inside out, letting in sunlight that warms it like a greenhouse, rather than melting from the top down.”

    In 2021, the authors discovered dusty water ice exposed within gullies on Mars, proposing that many Martian gullies form by erosion caused by the ice melting to form liquid water.

    Their new paper suggests that dusty ice lets in enough light for photosynthesis to occur as deep as 3 m (9 feet) below the surface.

    In this scenario, the upper layers of ice prevent the shallow subsurface pools of water from evaporating while also providing protection from harmful radiation.

    That’s important, because unlike Earth, Mars lacks a protective magnetic field to shield it from both the Sun and radioactive cosmic ray particles zipping around space.

    “The water ice that would be most likely to form subsurface pools would exist in Mars’ tropics, between 30 degrees and 60 degrees latitude, in both the northern and southern hemispheres,” the researchers said.

    • The paper appears in the journal Communications Earth & Environment.
    • A.R. Khuller et al. 2024. Potential for photosynthesis on Mars within snow and ice. Commun Earth Environ 5, 583; doi: 10.1038/s43247-024-01730-y
    • This article is a version of a press-release provided by NASA.

    https://www.sci.news }

    27-10-2024 om 22:59 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.This Declassified CIA Book Reveals That Earth Undergoes Cataclysmic Events Approximately Every 6,500 Years, Leading to the Destruction and Rebirth of Civilizations

    The Adam & Eve Story

    This Declassified CIA Book Reveals That Earth Undergoes Cataclysmic Events Approximately Every 6,500 Years, Leading to the Destruction and Rebirth of Civilizations

    This declassified CIA document, “The Adam & Eve Story” by Dr. Chan Thomas, reveals that Earth undergoes cataclysmic events approximately every 6,500 years, leading to the destruction and rebirth of civilizations. He suggested that these cataclysms are natural, recurring events that reshape the planet’s surface and human history.

    In 1966, Dr. Chan Thomas published a book called The Adam and Eve Story, but it soon disappeared from public access after the CIA classified it. The book talks about big disasters like pole shifts, mass extinctions, and the repeated destruction of advanced civilizations. It stayed mostly hidden until some parts were released years later.

    Now, only 57 pages are available, but they are heavily edited, leaving many questions about what the book really says. People are curious about why this book might be considered dangerous and why the CIA wanted to keep it secret.

    Dr. Chan Thomas was an American electrical engineer and psychic who authored a hypothesis of global cataclysms involving radical shifts in Earth’s electromagnetic fields that increase the viscosity of the crust, causing rapid continental drift.

    This is most notably described in his book “The Adam and Eve Story.” During the 1950s, Dr. Thomas was a project engineer on Bell Aircraft’s RASCAL missile guidance system and Douglas Aircraft’s A4D Skyhawk program, and was later employed in the late 1960s by McDonnell Douglas to work with Robert Wood’s “Advanced Concepts” R&D team, which worked on UFO and other fringe science related projects.

    The idea of pole shifts has interested scientists and caused discussions for many years. Charles Hapgood was one of the first to suggest this concept in the mid-1900s. He believed that the Earth’s outer layer could move over the inner layers, making the poles change position.

    Hapgood’s theory of “Earth’s crustal displacement” said that these shifts could happen fairly quickly, resulting in major changes in the Earth’s geography and climate. At first, many scientists rejected Hapgood’s ideas, but he gained respect when Albert Einstein showed interest in his work. Even though Hapgood’s theory didn’t become widely accepted, it opened the door for more research on how the Earth’s magnetic poles might change.

    Charles Hapgood
    Charles Hapgood

    Today, we know that the magnetic poles do indeed shift, though typically at a slow rate. However, the possibility of rapid, catastrophic shifts remains a subject of ongoing research.

    Dr. Chan Thomas, in his book The Adam and Eve Story, made a scary prediction about sudden pole shifts. He believed these shifts could happen quickly, even in one day, and cause major disasters. He said that these quick changes could lead to huge earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis, resulting in widespread damage. While most scientists are doubtful about such rapid shifts, the idea still captures the interest of researchers and the public.

    Throughout Earth’s history, mass extinctions have wiped out many species, changing the course of life on our planet. Some scientists think these extinctions might be connected to pole shifts or other major geological events.

    One example often mentioned is the Younger Dryas, a time of sudden cooling about 12,800 years ago. This period saw a big drop in global temperatures, which some believe was caused by a comet impact or a significant pole shift.

    These disastrous events have also led to theories about ancient advanced civilizations that may have been destroyed by sudden catastrophes. Supporters of these theories argue that evidence of these lost civilizations can be found in myths and unexplained archaeological sites.

    However, mainstream archaeologists are careful and stress the need for more solid evidence before changing our understanding of history.

    Flood myths are stories about big floods that are found in many ancient cultures. These tales, which describe floods that destroyed entire civilizations, appear in religious texts, oral traditions, and ancient writings worldwide.

    For example, Noah’s Ark in the Bible and the Epic of Gilgamesh from Mesopotamia share many similarities, even though they come from different places and times.

    When we compare these myths to known geological events, like the Younger Dryas (a time about 12,800 years ago when the climate changed quickly), we see some interesting connections. The Younger Dryas involved sudden cooling and melting ice, which caused sea levels to rise significantly.

    Some researchers think that these big changes in the environment might have inspired the flood stories in various cultures. They believe that ancient people, seeing the destruction from rising waters, passed down these stories to warn others about nature’s power.

    Dr. Chan Thomas, in his book The Adam and Eve Story, goes further by saying these flood myths are not just exaggerated tales but are based on real disasters caused by shifts in the Earth’s poles and other catastrophic events. He argues that these myths are his torical records of past disasters that nearly wiped out humanity. According to Thomas, our ancestors created these stories to remember these events and warn future generations about their recurrence.

    The idea that advanced civilizations existed before written history fascinates both scholars and enthusiasts. Supporters of this theory point to archaeological evidence, like erosion patterns on the Great Sphinx of Giza and submerged cities off the coasts of Japan and India, suggesting these lost cultures were destroyed by disasters like the floods in ancient myths.

    However, this idea is controversial and faces skepticism in the academic world. Many archaeologists and historians believe the evidence for these theories is either misinterpreted or not strong enough. The general view is that human civilization began about 6,000 years ago in Mesopotamia, with no credible evidence of advanced societies before then.

    Read also:

    Still, the ongoing debate continues to interest people, and new discoveries sometimes spark discussions. While the concept of ancient advanced civilizations is still on the outskirts of scientific study, it encourages us to rethink what we know about the past and stay open to new evidence.

    Dr. Chan Thomas’s predictions in The Adam and Eve Story show a dark future. He warns that a quick shift in the Earth’s poles could happen, causing disastrous events worldwide. He believes this shift could lead to huge earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis, possibly wiping out most of humanity in just a few hours. He thinks this disaster could happen soon, maybe even in our lifetime.

    Scientists know that the Earth’s magnetic field is always changing, and the poles can move over time. However, most geophysicists think a sudden and disastrous shift like Dr. Thomas describes is very unlikely.

    Right now, we understand that the poles may shift slowly or even reverse over thousands of years, but a quick shift causing a global disaster isn’t supported by current evidence.

    If Dr. Thomas’s predictions were to come true, the effects on modern society would be terrible. Our essential systems — like power grids, communication, and transportation — would likely fail. This shift could lead to widespread destruction, chaos, and possibly a return to a dark age for survivors.

    Dr. Thomas’s work makes us rethink our view of history. If he’s right about pole shifts and recurring disasters, it means that human civilization is much more fragile and has gone through cycles of rise and fall more than we think.

    This view challenges the common belief that human progress is steady and uninterrupted. If disasters happen in cycles, it suggests that advanced civilizations have appeared and disappeared several times in Earth’s history, each time erased by a major event.

    This idea changes how we see human history, suggesting that our current civilization is just the latest attempt at creating a lasting society.

    Given Dr. Thomas’s theories, we should consider what we can learn for the future. If these disasters really do happen in cycles, it would be wise to prepare and build resilience, so that if another disaster occurs, humanity can survive and rebuild more effectively.

    In 1966, the CIA classified The Adam and Eve Story soon after it was published. This decision has led to a lot of speculation about why a book about ancient disasters and pole shifts would catch the attention of a government agency.

    One theory is that if people took the book seriously, it could cause a lot of panic. The idea of a coming global disaster, along with the government’s secrecy, might lead to unrest in society.

    Another possibility is that the book had information related to secret government research. The author, Dr. Chan Thomas, worked on classified projects at McDonnell Douglas, and some think he knew more than what was publicly shared. The CIA might have been worried about revealing technologies or ideas that could threaten national security.

    The “sanitization” of the 57 pages that were later declassified adds to the mystery. A lot of the text is blacked out, making people wonder what was removed and why. Some believe that the missing parts could contain more details about disasters or even government secrets. The exact reason for keeping much of the book hidden is still unclear.

    Bizarre secret CIA declassified file on lost ancient human civilizations

    CIA Classified Book about the Pole Shift, Mass Extinctions and The True Adam & Eve Story

    https://howandwhys.com/ }

    27-10-2024 om 18:47 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:MYSTERIES , Complot Theories, ed ( EN, FR, NL )


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