Call it a mirror universe. Call it a parallel universe. Call it whatever you like but just make sure you call us when you open the door into it so we can see if it’s more like “Star Trek” or “The Twilight Zone.” Well, the scientist who is about to penetrate the wall between our universe and the next one has she phone close by as she begins her attempt to send a beam of subatomic particles down a 50-foot corridor, past a giant magnet and through a solid wall where they will enter a mirror universe and kick their mirror-image counterparts out of it onto the other side of the wall where their 15 minutes of fame and a phone call to you await. It may not be sci-fi show worthy, but it would still be a first. Will it happen? Where’s your phone?

“This is a pretty straightforward experiment that we cobbled together with parts we found lying around, using equipment and resources we already had available at Oak Ridge.”

Physicist Leah Broussard modestly explained in a recent interview with NBC News the beginnings of this historic experiment. It actually goes back to the 1990s (like most of the movies this summer – we’re looking at you, Toy Story 4) when scientists discovered that identical neutrons break down (decay) into protons at slightly different rates depending on whether they do it naturally or in a particle beam. This mere 10-second difference, replicated reliably and independently by many groups, baffled scientists looking for a cause. One theory was that some neutrons disappear into a ‘mirror universe’ as they break down. A very cool theory, but how do you prove it?

Enter Broussard, who conveniently works at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee and has an 85-megawatt nuclear reactor called the Spallation Neutron Source that can create beams containing billions of neutrons on demand and that she apparently has the proper authority and experience to play with. The neutron expert has set up a wall with magnets on either side to oscillate the neutrons in the beam aimed at it. Theoretically, the oscillation may shake the neutrons into the mirror universe, allowing them to pass through the wall to the other side and then back into our universe where theoretically an evil Spock will be detected.

“If you discover something new like that, the game totally changes.”

No, nothing THAT game-changing. Broussard is hoping (and ready for the answer to be ‘nothing’) that their mirror images (and only those neutrons) will be detected on the other side. Yes, it really would be game-changing.

“If some of them show up anyway, that would suggest that conventional physics is wrong, and the mirror world is real.”

A mirror world with its own laws of physics and history and alternate or mirror images of everything in our universe … including us. When will the world as we know it end? Broussard says the one-day experiment will take place soon and the analysis of the data will commence immediately and take a few weeks. That means we’ll have the answer before the end of the summer blockbuster season and in time to rewrite the plot of a few sci-fi movies to reflect what an actual mirror universe really looks like.

Are you ready to meet your mirror self? You may want to put on a nicer outfit.

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

Out among the vast emptiness of the Sahara Desert, on Adrar Plateau right outside of the remote town of Ouadane, Mauritania, in Northern Africa, is a wonder that has captured the imagination for years and one of the most fascinating geological anomalies on the entire continent. Here etched within the ancient earth of these parched badlands in the middle of nowhere is an enormous, circular expanse of rock measuring approximately 30 miles across, with smaller circles within it reminiscent of a bulls-eye, and which has managed to defy any easy explanations as to its origins and is still debated.

Called the Richat Structure, or also the Guelb er Richât, the “Eye of Africa,” “The Big Blue Eye of Africa,” and “Eye of the Sahara,” it was long recognized as an unusual structure due to its high-relief circular cuestas, circular irregularities such as circular distribution of ridges, valleys, and dikes, as well as it hydro-thermal features, remarkable flatness, and unusual geological structure, but no one really realized just how unusual it was until it was seen from up above in space, such is its utter vastness. When the Gemini IV mission was launched in the 1960s to orbit and observe the earth for four days, one of the astronauts’ missions was to be on the lookout for any sort of evidence of large impact structures where ancient heavenly bodies may have collided with earth. They found what they thought was one of these with the Richat Structure, which from the vantage point of so high above the earth proved to be far larger and more perfectly rounded that anyone had previously ever been aware of. Indeed, it is so distinctive and massive that it is still used as a landmark for astronauts to this day.

The Richat Structure from space

Considering the sheer size of the feature and its near perfect circularity, it was assumed that it had to be an impact structure from some ancient meteor strike, but more careful analysis showed that this was not the case. There turned out to be no evidence of the shock of impact or melted rock that should have been expected of such a site, and this left scientists scratching their heads. After all, what else could have possibly created such an amazing immense circle out in the middle of nowhere surrounded by flat nothingness? When word got out about this place there were all sorts of theories flying about, from that it was some previously unknown geological anomaly to that it was the work of aliens or ancient astronauts, but no one had the faintest idea and we still don’t really even know for sure.

The most commonly accepted modern scientific theory as to the origins of the Richat Structure is that it is the result of the gradual erosion of a gigantic geological dome of the earth’s crust that collapsed perhaps due to an eruption around 100 million years ago. It is believed that over countless millennia the layers of the dome were eroded and blasted away by the elements to leave behind these circular formations of rock that wildly varies in age from the Late Proterozoic eon (2500 to 541 million years ago) to the Ordovician Period (485.4 to 443.8 million years ago). However, even this theory is not universally agreed upon, and there are many mysteries left unanswered.

With all of the uncertainty of the geological history of this place and its air of mystery it is perhaps not surprising that there is a lot of discussion of other possibilities as well, some of them decidedly more fringe. One idea is that the Richat Structure bears a remarkable resemblance to Plato’s representation of the Lost Continent of Atlantis, which he envisioned in 360 BC as being composed of concentric rings of water and land. He also said that Atlantis had been lost in a cataclysmic event cut off from the world by “an impossible barrier of mud to voyagers sailing from hence to any part of the ocean.” He also makes mention of a “great plain to the south,” a “mountain sheltering the city,” which could refer to the high, mountainous ridge to the north of the site, and other little clues that have led some to believe that the Richat Structure is the actual remains of Atlantis, not totally outlandish because the sea would have once covered the area, but this is rather blunted by the fact that there has as of yet been found absolutely no sign of permanent habitation within it.

In the end we are left with questions and few concrete answers. What is the Richat Structure? That seems to depend a lot on who you ask. For some it is a mystifying geological anomaly. For others it is an alien structure, and for others still it is the site of the lost Atlantis. No one really seems to completely know for sure. For now this magnificent, enormous feature of the landscape sits out there carved into the otherwise desolate, monotonous features of this windblasted remote land, creating mysteries as it has always done for millions of years and may always do for millions more.

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

Here we are – expecting our scientists to be working on finding extraterrestrials and developing ways to deal with them. Turns out they’re not doing too well on the second part … in fact, they’re asking the public for help in coming up with things to say should they meet an alien or get a credible “send us more information” signal from another planet. What do WE know? We can’t even deal with spam phone calls or strangers at the front door!

If we discover a signal from extra-terrestrial intelligence, would you:
– not care much about it
– just follow the news
– comment or interact on social media about this topic

That’s one of the questions on the “A Message From Afar” questionnaire put together by the UK Seti Research Network(UKSRN) and the Berkeley SETI Research Center for the Royal Society’s summer science exhibition. Martin Dominik, an astronomer at the University of St Andrews, told The Guardian:

“There is absolutely no procedure enshrined in international law on how to respond to a signal from an alien civilization. We want to hear people’s views. The consequences affect more people than just scientists.”

Really? We’re the people who can’t agree on climate change, Brexit and a whole host of other really important things that aren’t nearly as important as what to say to space aliens when they call or show up unannounced. It’s the Fourth of July holiday in the U.S. and everyone who’s seen the best movie ever release on this weekend – “Independence Day” – knows we’re not good at dealing with visitors.

Never visit that planet if you see fireworks

What would you consider a credible source?
– main news channels
– direct quotes from expert scientists
– official government statements
– all other sources

That “all other sources” category includes social media, which is where most people actually get their news – real, unreal and surreal. Dr. John Elliott, a reader in intelligence engineering at Leeds Beckett University, says the global SETI community would announce any bona fide alien signal immediately. Really? Is that such a good idea when no one knows who to believe and conspiracy theories are accepted before the truth?

If we discovered simple life rather than a signal from extra-terrestrial intelligence, would you find that
– less interesting
– similarly interesting
– more interesting

Seriously? You already know the answer to that. If we can defeat it, we will. If we can eat it, we will. If we can make money off of it, we will. If we can use it as a weapon, we will. Someone will always be “interested” – it just depends on their motivation. The problem is, everyone has a different one – which gets even scarier on an international level. When was the last time all world leaders agreed on anything, let alone passed a binding law on it?

What would it tell about our existence?
What does it mean to be human?

Those last two questions are from the introduction to the questionnaire. Perhaps these SETI researchers already know the answer to these – they just want some solid evidence to convince the higher-ups that we’re too screwed up to deal with space aliens and perhaps, despite the recent groundswell of demands for full disclosure, we need a solid and unified plan for dealing with first contact.

One final thought. Are we putting the cart in front of the robot horse? A recent study of data from the 1,300 closest stars found no signs of life whatsoever. Perhaps we should work on some other urgent projects so the first thing we say to extraterrestrials is not:

“Please excuse the mess.”

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

We will all meet up at the Area 51 Alien Center tourist attraction and coordinate our entry. If we naruto run, we can move faster than their bullets. Lets see them aliens.

Let’s see them aliens indeed. I hope you’re like me and are already practicing your Naruto run, because we’re doing it: we’re going to gather up tens of thousand of people and run right past the guards at the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) and storm Area 51 before they can catch or shoot all of us. Who’s with us?

 A Facebook user by the name of SmyleeKun and the group “Shitposting cause im in shambles” created the event, titled Storm Area 51, They Can’t Stop All of Us. The event is set to take place on September 20, 2019 at 3am. Attendees will meet at the Area 51 Alien Center in Amargosa Valley, Nevada before proceeding to Area 51 itself. Well, attempting to proceed, anyway.

The last time sometime tried to speed past the armed guards at the site, it didn’t go so well. In January, a man was shot by both the Nye County Sheriff’s Office and the NNSS Security Protective Force Officers after he led them on an 8-mile high speed chase while attempting to drive into the Nevada National Security Site carrying a still unidentified cylindrical object. How will things turn out when thousands of people show up at once?

As of now, 53,000 people have pledged to storm Area 51. Of course, that means they simply clicked “Going” on their social media whatnots, so take that figure with a grain of salt. Still, what would happen if let’s say just 9-10% showed up? Would the Nye County Sheriff’s Office and the NNSS Security Protective Force shoot everyone? Just a few? A couple dozen? Hopefully, non-lethal means of deterrent could be used instead. Remember those “sound cannons” Canadian police unveiled during the G20 protests in Toronto back in 2010? Who knows what kinds of spooky gizmos the guards at that place may possess.

Will anyone actually show up, or is this a case of trolling or slacktivism at its finest? Judging by the fact that discussion and photos associated with the Facebook event are mostly crude jokes and memes featuring Randy Quaid from Independence Day, I have low hopes for this one. Still, I hope it actually happens – and even if it doesn’t, it certainly makes you wonder what would happen if a huge crowd could ever actually manage to coordinate an attempt to see what’s really in those hangars. Can a Facebook event make it happen?

Let’s see them aliens.

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

The 17-minute grainy black and white video that appeared to show three government pathologists in full-body hazmat suits examining and dissecting a pale, potbellied alien corpse that was found at the Roswell UFO crash in 1947 may in fact be authentic.

The “alien autopsy tape” was released in 1995 after Ray Santilli claimed to have received the video in 1992 from a retired cameraman with the U.S. military. He ended up selling the alien video to several television stations in 33 different countries. It was only when another filmmaker named Spyros Melaris admitted that the two had faked the entire video that the world finally relaxed after much fear and paranoia consumed the world when they believed that an autopsy was being conducted on an actual alien.

However, there’s now a new twist that indicates that the footage was in fact real. A leaked 2001 memo was supposedly sent to aerospace billionaire Robert Bigelow from physicist Eric Davis that alleges a former CIA scientist named Kit Green was “briefed three different times during and after his tenure at the CIA on topics relevant to UFOs and the Roswell Incident Alien Autopsy”.

It is believed that the leaked information originated from late astronaut Edgar Mitchell’s archives. Part of the memo read, “After Kit left the CIA he was called into the Pentagon by a person in uniform.” It went on to say, “This person showed Kit the alien autopsy photos and reports, etc…” That’s when, in 2001, Kit evaluated the information and gave his professional opinion on what he had been briefed on. Apparently, the evidence that was shown to Kit was of the same corpse that was seen in the 1995 video footage from Santilli.

The final summary of Kit’s evaluation read, “The Alien Autopsy film/video is real, the alien cadaver is real, and the cadaver seen in the film/video is the same as the photos Kit saw at the 1987/88 Pentagon briefing.” An even more shocking revelation is that Kit admitted that alien forensic tissue and organs were being kept at Walter Reed-Armed Forces Institute for Pathology Medical Museum located in Washington, D.C.

While there is still much speculation and confusion on whether the video is in fact real, several top UFO researchers are backing the film and they include Linda Moulton Howe, Grant Cameron, and Richard Dolan.

“Those words from Dr. Kit Green about the authenticity of the six-fingered, six-toed human dissected after retrieval from a 1947 UFO crash, it is confirmation that the Santilli film video is real,” stated Moulton Howe in a video.

A video, as well as pictures, of the “alien autopsy tape” can be seen here.

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

CIA Scientist Admits ‘Fake’ Roswell Alien Autopsy Video Is Real In Leaked Memo

By Inigo Monzon 

A year after a filmmaker admitted that he faked the infamous “Roswell Alien Autopsy” video, a leaked memo revealed that a scientist from the CIA confirmed that the contents of the footage were actually real. The scientist noted that the alien cadaver featured in the video was authentic.

The original alien autopsy video was obtained by British businessman Ray Santilli in 1992. He got it from a retired U.S. military cameraman while looking for archive footages of Elvis Presley. Shortly after, Santilli sold the clip to various TV stations, which then sparked a public frenzy regarding the existence of aliens.

Although the footage has been regarded by UFO enthusiasts as the definitive proof of extraterrestrial beings, its authenticity was debunked in 2018 after filmmaker Spyros Melaris came forward to confess that he directed and produced the video.

According to Melaris, the footage was shot at a house in North London. He admitted that he used animal organs and a foam sculpture of an alien for the cadaver.

Even though the video was already debunked, new information suggested that it was actually real according to a leaked memo sent by physicist Eric Davis of the National Institute for Discovery Science to the organization’s founder Robert Bigelow.

According to The Sun, which was able to obtain photos of the memo, the document was leaked via email to British UFO investigator Philip Mantle. It was believed to have originated from the archives of former NASA astronaut and ufologist Edgar Mitchell.

The memo, which was sent on March 23, 2001, focused on the professional evaluation of the “Roswell Alien Autopsy” video by a CIA scientist known as Kit Green.

In the document, Green confirmed that the cadaver featured in the video was real and it was the same one that was shown in the photos revealed during his briefings with Pentagon from 1987 to 1988. He also hinted where the samples allegedly taken from the cadaver may have been stored.

“Kit said that the alien forensic tissues could hypothetically be located at Walter Reed – Armed Forces Institute for Pathology (WR-AFIP) Medical Museum, which is not open to the public and requires a security clearance to get in,” Davis stated in the memo.

Melaris has not yet released a statement addressing the contents of the memo and how the document relates to his short film.

An illustration of an alien.

 Photo: Pawel86/ Pixabay 

{ https://www.ibtimes.com/ }

Alien Dome In Front Of Curiosity Rover! Will It Enter The Dome? July 2019, UFO Sighting News.

Date of discovery: July 1, 2019
Location of discovery: Mars
Source photo: 

• https://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/msl-raw-

images/proj/msl/redops/ods/surface/sol/02454/opgs/edr/ncam/NRB_615351848EDR_F0761666NCAM00298M_.JPG

This is the most recent photo from the Mars rover. This ancient dome on Mars has stood the test of time. I have reported this dome when it was further away, but never before have we seen it so close as now. Its reflective smooth surface sows that it was built to reflect the heat and keep the interior cool. It looks like the NASA rover is driving in this direction, so lets keep our fingers crossed. We may see an entrance or ancient writing on its walls when close. 
Scott C. Waring

{  https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

UFO Divides Into Two Over Military Base In United Kingdon On Video, June 30, 2019, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: June 30, 2019
Location of sighting: Alconbury, UK

Watch this video and see an orb the rises and falls over a Air Force base in the UK. When the orb defends it suddenly divides into two and then rises up. I think it flew low when releasing the other orb to hide it from the people around, but lucky for us, someone was recording very close to its location. The second orb seems to stay low and soon moves out of sight. The first orb cloaks and disappears in the blue sky. Very strange. It could be a secret military drone project being worked on or it could be an alien craft checking out the military base to size them up. 
Scott C. Waring

Eyewitness states: 

My brother and his wife and children spotted this crazy orb UFO which would split in two while looping for a number of minutes, over RAF Alconbury.

{  https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

Huge Bird Flying On Mars In NASA Photo, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: June 2018

Location of sighting: Mars sol 2446

Source: 

• https://mars.nasa.gov/msl/multimedia/raw/?rawid=NRB_614635188EDR_S0760988NCAM00595M_&s=2446

This flying bird on Mars was found by Marcelo Irazusta who has a Youtube channel called Sandra Elena Andrade (click to go to). Marcelo actually found a bird flying across the surface of Mars captured last week by the Curiosity rover! This is impossible, and yet, there it is...captured in a photo on a NASA website. 

 

The curiosity rover has a 13 minute delay from the time they push the keys on Earth to the time rover gets it, so if this is a large bird, then it was taken by accident and was probably not in that are for long. Of course it could be a UFO. Aliens like to use nature to inspire their structures and ships. But it looks like a soaring eagle...which if thats true, may mean one of two things...either animals exist on Mars or...and I hate this idea, but it needs to be considered...the rover might not be on mars at all, but on Devon island in Canada. Devon is a desolate island area with only a hand full of people and NASA has gone there many times to test the rovers in a environment similar to Mars. 

Scott C. Waring-Taiwan

LightSail 2 Sends Back 1st Signals from Its Solar-Surfing Test Flight

By Doris Elin Salazar 

The little craft launched atop SpaceX's Falcon Heavy rocket late last month.

Artist's concept of LightSail 2 above Earth.

(Image: © Josh Spradling/The Planetary Society)

The space advocacy organization The Planetary Society recently confirmed that its LightSail 2 spacecraft has sent its first signals home from space. 

The roughly 11-lb. (5 kilograms) cubesat is designed to prove that solar sailing is a feasible way of keeping satellites moving. Fuel is a costly and heavy commodity, and if LightSail 2 can prove that the solar-powered technique works well, perhaps future missions into the deep reaches of the solar system and beyond can be propelled by the charged particles released by the sun.

The project launched into space last week (June 25) from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida aboard a SpaceX Falcon Heavy megarocket. On Tuesday (July 2), the bread-loaf-size LightSail 2 experiment left Prox-1, its carrier vehicle. LightSail 2 will ultimately open up its ultrathin four-panel sail to achieve a surface area about the size of a boxing ring.

• Related: What to Expect When LightSail 2 Launches into Space

But before that can happen, the Planetary Society team needed confirmation that the spacecraft itself was healthy. That message came on July 2, as the spacecraft was passing over the satellite's mission control at California Polytechnic State University in San Luis Obispo. The signals came from LightSail 2's recently deployed radio antenna, which began transmitting status data and a call sign in the form of morse code, according to LightSail 2 officials.

"We're all very happy — after years of preparation, we are flying an operational spacecraft!" Bruce Betts, LightSail program manager and Planetary Society chief scientist, said in a statement.

More data from LightSail 2 will be retrieved tonight (July 3) when it flies over Georgia Tech, where students built Prox-1.

Once the cubesat deploys its solar sail early next week, the rays from the sun will give LightSail 2 a gentle push. The goal is to observe LightSail 2 over the course of a month to see if it shifts in its orbit by a measurable amount, according to The Planetary Society officials. That will help demonstrate that solar sailing is an effective satellite-propulsion technique.

LightSail 2 isn't the first craft to do such work. For example, Japan's IKAROS probe demonstrated solar sailing in interplanetary space in 2010. 

• Sailing on Sunbeams: Planetary Society's LightSail 2 to Soar Higher Than Space Station
• LightSail Spacecraft Snaps Solar Sail Selfie in Space (Photo)
• Ikaros: First Successful Solar Sail
• Follow Doris Elin Salazar on Twitter @salazar_elin.
• Follow us on Twitter @Spacedotcom and on Facebook.

{ https://www.space.com/ }

NASA's Artemis Program

By Adam Mann 

Reference Article: Facts about NASA's Artemis program, which aims to send astronauts to the moon.

Artist’s concept of a future moon landing carried out under NASA's newly named Artemis program. The space agency is working to return men and send the first women to the lunar surface by 2024, as has been directed by the White House.

(Image: © NASA)

NASA's Artemis program is an effort to place astronauts on the lunar surface and develop an ongoing presence there. The program's name is derived from Artemis, the Greek goddess of the moon and twin sister to Apollo, whose namesake program first brought crews to our natural satellite 50 years ago. 

The Artemis program is a renaming of several earlier activities NASA was already undertaking to return humans to the moon. These were mandated by President Trump's Space Policy Directive 1, which tasked the agency with focusing on missions to the moon. Earlier this year, vice president Mike Pence set an ambitious deadline to land humans at the lunar south pole by 2024. 

On May 14, 2019, these endeavors were given the new moniker Artemis. Jim Bridenstine, the space agency's administrator, told reporters on the day of the announcement that the name represents the program's goal of inclusion, referencing the fact that NASA intends to land the first woman on the moon under its current plans.

"I have a daughter who is 11 years old, and I want her to be able to see herself in the same role as the next women [who] go to the moon see themselves in today," Bridenstine said.

What the Artemis project includes

Under Artemis' umbrella are several components. First is the Lunar Orbital Platform-Gateway, a station around the moon that would extend humanity's presence in space and provide a platform for scientific experiments and jaunts to the lunar surface. 

The Gateway would be carried into lunar orbit by the agency's Space Launch System (SLS), a gigantic new rocket NASA is developing. Four-person crews would access the station using the Orion deep-space capsule and remain for 30 to 90 day stints. 

Part of the Trump administration's push towards the moon includes an enlarged role for private aerospace firms, which are intended to develop hardware and potentially kick-start a lunar economy. NASA has awarded $45.5 million to 11 U.S. companies, including Elon Musk's SpaceX and Jeff Bezos' Blue Origin, to develop landers that can take astronauts to the moon's surface.

Nine smaller businesses have also been contracted to deliver robotic spacecraft to our natural satellite in order to collect data and conduct research there. Some have taken an interest in mining lunar resources such as water, which can be split into its constituent hydrogen and oxygen and converted into rocket fuel. 

How much will Artemis cost? 

How many of these impressive plans will actually see fruition is difficult to tell at this point. Cost estimates are still being refined and the overall price tag of Artemis remains unknown. The Apollo program's budget ended up being a total of $23.6 billion in 1973 dollars, according to NASA, the equivalent of more than $136 billion today. That means each Apollo moon landing cost around $22.6 billion in 2019 dollars. President Trump has recently sought an addition $1.6 billion for the Artemis program, on top of the $21 billion already allocated to NASA, but has yet to get the money approved by Congress.

Additional resources: 

• Read more about how the Artemis program is going so far, according to NASA. 
• Learn more about NASA's moon to Mars plan.
• Read about NASA's first moon missions under the Apollo program.  

{ https://www.space.com/ }

Infrared view of seas and lakes in Titan’s northern hemisphere, taken by Cassini in 2014. Sunlight can be seen glinting off the southern part of Titan’s largest sea, Kraken Mare. Scientists now think that “bathtub rings” around the edges of the seas and lakes are composed of organic crystals.

Image via NASA/JPL-Caltech/University of Arizona/University of Idaho/AGU 100.

Saturn’s moon Titan is the only other body in the solar system besides Earth known to have liquids on its surface. These rains, rivers, lakes and seas look very much like those on Earth, but are composed of liquid methane and ethane (hydrocarbons) instead of water. Now, scientists have found another way in which they might differ from their earthly counterparts: the shorelines of the lakes and seas might be encrusted with “bathtub rings” composed of organic crystals not found on Earth.

The new research was published in a new paper and presented on June 24 at the 2019 Astrobiology Science Conference (AbSciCon 2019) in Bellevue, Washington.

From the new paper:

We have discovered a third molecular mineral that is stable in the same conditions present on the surface of Titan, a moon of Saturn. This molecular mineral is made up of acetylene and butane, two organic molecules that are produced in Titan’s atmosphere and fall down onto the surface. We call these ‘molecular minerals’ because they behave just like minerals do here on Earth, but instead of being made up of things like carbonates or silicates, they are made up of organic molecules. The two previous molecular minerals we discovered were made up of benzene and ethane, and acetylene and ammonia. This most recent one is probably much more abundant on Titan’s surface, as both acetylene and butane are believed to be very common there. In particular, we think the ‘bathtub rings’ around Titan’s lakes might be made up of this material, because acetylene and butane both dissolve well in liquid methane and ethane compared to other molecules.

Artist’s concept of a hydrocarbon lake on Titan as seen from the ground.

Image via Steven Hobbs (Brisbane, Queensland, Australia/NASA).

The intriguing results come from laboratory tests where Titan-like conditions were recreated. The scientists found compounds and minerals that do not exist on Earth, and one co-crystal was made of solid acetylene and butane, which do exist on Earth, but only as gases. Titan is so cold, however, that acetylene and butane will freeze solid and combine to form crystals.

So how did the scientists create Titan-like conditions in a laboratory on Earth? Titan is extremely cold, about -290 degrees Fahrenheit (-179 degrees Celsius), so they used a custom-built cryostat, an apparatus that keeps things cold. Titan’s atmosphere is mostly nitrogen, like Earth’s, so next they filled the cryostat with liquid nitrogen. But they needed the nitrogen to be a gas, like on Titan, so they warmed the chamber slightly. Methane and ethane were then added, which are also very common on Titan. They are both in liquid form on the moon, in the rain, rivers, lakes and seas. The result was a hydrocarbon-rich “soup.”

Map of Titan’s seas and lakes in the northern hemisphere.

Image via JPL-Caltech/NASA/ASI/USGS/EarthSky.

The surface of Titan as seen by the Huygens lander in 2005. Huygens found damp sand when it landed near an evaporated riverbed. The liquid was methane/ethane, but the “rocks” turned out to be composed of solid water ice.

Image via ESA/NASA/University of Arizona/EarthSky.

Benzene crystals were the first to be seen forming in this soup. Benzene is found in gasoline on Earth and is a snowflake-shaped molecule made out of a hexagonal ring of carbon atoms. But something else surprising happened in the simulated Titan conditions: the benzene molecules rearranged themselves in such a way that they allowed ethane molecules inside them, creating a co-crystal. The researchers also later discovered an acetylene and butane co-crystal as well, which is thought to probably be more common on Titan.

It is the acetylene and butane co-crystals that likely create the bathtub rings – evaporated minerals – around the edges of the lakes and seas. The minerals would be dropped out on the surface as the liquid hydrocarbons started to evaporate. Some lakes were seen on Titan by the Cassini spacecraft when they were full of liquid, and at other times when they had partially evaporated. This evaporation process is similar to how salts can form crusts around the edges of lakes and seas on Earth.

The bathtub rings on Titan are suspected to exist based on evidence from Cassini, but haven’t been fully confirmed yet, as noted by Morgan Cable at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory:

We don’t know yet if we have these bathtub rings … It’s hard to see through Titan’s hazy atmosphere.

An acidic salt lake south of Beacon, West Australia. The salt encrustations around its edges are thought to be similar to the bathtub rings around the edges of lakes and seas on Titan.

Image via Suzanne M. Rea/ResearchGate.

Titan’s rivers, lakes and seas, mostly near the north pole, give this moon an eerily Earth-like appearance. There is also methane rain and massive sand dunes near the equator, like in deserts on Earth, but composed of hydrocarbon particles. The thick, hazy atmosphere obscures the ground from view from above, but Cassini was able to use use radar to see surface features. The Huygens probe, part of the Cassini mission, also sent back the first-ever photos from Titan’s surface in 2005, showing an evaporated riverbed with “rocks” composed of solid water ice. Beneath all of that, out of view, is a subsurface water ocean. Titan may look a lot like Earth in many ways, but in terms of composition, it is a distinctly alien world.

Unfortunately, Cassini’s mission ended in late 2017, so further observations of the bathtub rings will have to wait until a future mission returns to Titan. Probes that could float or swim in one of the lakes or seas have been proposed, but are still just on the drawing boards right now. However, NASA’s new Dragonfly mission, just officially announced last week, will send a drone-like rotorcraft to fly through Titan’s skies, making numerous landings at different locations of interest. Dragonfly is scheduled to launch in 2026 and land in 2034. Exciting!

Bottom line: By simulating Titan’s conditions in a laboratory on Earth, scientists have found that unusual forms of organic crystals may create bathtub rings around the edges of the moon’s lakes and seas.

Source: The Acetylene-Butane Co-Crystal: A Potentially Abundant Molecular Mineral on Titan

Via AGU 100

{ https://earthsky.org/ }

How should we respond to alien contact? Scientists ask the public

Steven Spielberg’s film, Close Encounters of the Third Kind. On Monday the UK Seti Research Network will launch a survey of public attitudes towards alien contact.

Photograph: C5 TV

Scientists searching the universe for aliens to conduct survey of the public for views on first contact

Scientists wrestling with the delicate issue of how to respond should humanity ever be contacted by an alien civilisation have hit on a radical idea: a survey that asks what the public would do.

Members of the UK Seti Research Network (UKSRN) are to launch what they believe will be the largest ever survey of public attitudes towards alien contact on Monday at the Royal Society’s summer science exhibition.

The views they gather will help them shape plans for an international protocol that sets the ground rules on how organisations should share news of any signals that are detected; what sense can be made of them; and how, if at all, humans might reply.

“There is absolutely no procedure enshrined in international law on how to respond to a signal from an alien civilisation,” said Martin Dominik, an astronomer at the University of St Andrews. “We want to hear people’s views. The consequences affect more people than just scientists.”

We can’t rely on there being a Rosetta stone, or some great decipherment crib, in the signal

Dr John Elliott

Beyond sending probes to other planets in the solar system, the search for alien life has largely focused on listening for complex radio signals from outer space with the world’s most powerful telescopes. Last month, astronomers on the Breakthrough Listen project announced they had heard nothing after eavesdropping on more than 1,000 star systems within 160 light years of Earth.

But Dominik points out that with 300bn stars in the Milky Way alone, Breakthrough Listen has barely begun the mammoth task of scanning the cosmos for life elsewhere. “If there were tens of quintillions of other civilisations like ours evenly distributed in the Milky Way, the Breakthrough Listen project would not have heard a thing,” he said.

Dr John Elliott, a reader in intelligence engineering at Leeds Beckett University, said the global Seti community would announce any bona fide alien signal immediately. But in an era of social media that would spark a flood of fake news and conspiracy theories that leave people utterly confused about the truth, he said.

The problem is that while scientists might quickly realise that an intercepted signal was complex enough to be broadcast from an advanced civilisation, it might take weeks or months to understand, if it can be deciphered at all. Any signal could easily be electromagnetic noise from equipment or a snippet of a terrestrial broadcast that leaked into space, unintended for such distant ears

“We can’t rely on there being a Rosetta stone [an ancient Egyptian stone tablet that enabled hieroglyphs to be read], or some great decipherment crib, in the signal. It could be an image or simply junk,” Elliott said. “It will take time to understand and if that work starts to drag out and there is nothing new we can say, the information vacuum will be filled with speculation,” he said. “Conjecture and rumour will take over.”

The survey will help scientists work out how best to provide reliable information but also what should be done if it seems only polite to respond to an interstellar missive. The late Stephen Hawking warned that humans would do well not to alert alien civilisations to life on Earth, but other researchers disagree.

Later this year, an organisation called Messaging Extraterrestrial Intelligence (Meti) International plans to beam signals into space containing references to the periodic table of elements. They will not be the first attempts to contact ET. In 1974, scientists at the Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico sent a radio message about life on Earth to a group of stars 25,000 light years away. Given how baffling the message will be to many humans in the 21st century, it is unclear what any recipient will infer from it.

Scientists uncover potential source of methane on Mar 

Read more

“It makes sense to create a legally binding framework that is properly rooted in international law,” Dominik said. “I’m completely comfortable with taking the whole thing above the level of scientists. If there are public consequences of replying and sending out messages that is a political decision and not one to be taken by scientists.”

{ https://www.theguardian.com/international }

Pentagon Eyes Military Space Station

The fact that the Defense Innovation Unit is even considering the idea of a space station in orbit is a pretty big deal -- and an even bigger deal if it grows over time to accommodate a human crew.

WASHINGTON: The Pentagon’s Defense Innovation Unit wants options for an unmanned orbital outpost to support space experiments and operations — a logistics hub that might even grow, DIU’s solicitation suggests, to a larger manned space station.

DIU, which is charged with tapping non-traditional commercial companies for innovative technologies to meet Pentagon needs, issued a solicitation last week that gives interested vendors until July 9 to propose a “solution… for a self-contained and free flying orbital outpost.” The platform is to support “space assembly, microgravity experimentation, logistics and storage, manufacturing, training, test and evaluation, hosting payloads, and other functions.”

While the near-term requirements are obviously aimed at prototyping an autonomous, robotic mini-space station to house experimentation, the “future desired capabilities” listed in the solicitation are much farther reaching. They include the capability to dock with unmanned and manned spacecraft and, even more surprisingly, “human rating.”

Human-rating is short-hand for a set of requirements developed by NASA and the Federal Aviation Authority (which licenses launch and re-entry of commercial spacecraft) to ensure the safety of astronauts aboard a spacecraft. These include things like special insulation to protect crew from extreme temperatures and radiation.

Even though the concept may be a long shot in DoD thinking, the fact that DIU is even considering the idea of a military presence in orbit is a pretty big deal. The idea will no doubt will be controversial if significant funding starts pouring into exploring it.

While the 1967 Outer Space Treaty technically does not prevent a military space station, manned or unmanned, it does prevent military operations and bases on celestial bodies such as the Moon or asteroids. It also guarantees freedom of “peaceful” use of outer space for all. US adversaries, as well as many allies, already are nervous about US intentions in space as the Congress debates President Donald Trump’s Space Force proposal. So the thought of space-based American troops is likely to raise concerns.

Before anyone gets too excited about a future US version of Star Trek’s Deep Space Nine, the baseline requirements for Orbital Outpost — including an 80 kilogram payload capacity and and internal volume of 1 meter cubed — are not even close to being able to accommodate humans.

“The thing is too small, 1 m cubed, and low power to do anything remotely human-rated,” said one space scientist.

One Air Force space official agreed, adding “I think the kicker is the 0 to 1 atmosphere pressurization. If DIU will accept vacuum or near vacuum, it won’t be able to support life at all, without some extensive upgrades. In short, this platform would be small, dark, cold, and without any life support!”

Indeed, Col. Steve Butow, director of DIU’s Space Portfolio based in Silicon Valley, says that DIU’s chief interest is in autonomous and robotic capabilities on orbit. “In short, we are casting a wide net for commercial solutions that can meet the basic needs described in the first part of the solicitation (autonomous/robotic, etc),” he told me in an email today.

He noted: “With respect to on orbit manufacturing, our DoD Partners are more interested in the ‘how’ rather than the ‘why’.  Many of the autonomous capabilities proposed in supporting on-orbit manufacturing have dual use applications for national security and defense. One example of that is logistics.”

There are a number of commercial companies that have been exploring on-orbit assembly and manufacturing, including 3-D printing — primarily for future commercial uses and for NASA.

NASA since 2017 has hosted a 3-D printer aboard the International Space Station (ISS) made by commercial startup Made in Space. Made In Space didn’t return an email asking for comment by publication time.

NASA also is sponsoring a number of on-orbit experiments such as the Tethers Unlimited’s Refabricator payload, recently launched as part of DoD’s Space Test Program-2 mission (STP-2) on SpaceX’s Falcon Heavy. The Refabricator “combines a plastic recycling system with a 3D printer to enable astronauts to recycle plastic waste into high-quality 3D printer filament, and then use that filament to fabricate new parts, medical implements, food utensils, and other items that the astronauts need to maintain their spacecraft and perform their missions,” according to the company’s website.

Rob Hoyt, CEO of Tethers Unlimited, said his company intends to bid for Orbital Outpost, and is currently working to align DIU’s interests with the company’s own interests. “We are working on a modular approach to start out small and address some of those opportunities, and that then can be built up over time by adding more modules,” he said. Tethers Unlimited’s products largely target small satellites and cross a wide range, from software-defined radios to a small robotic arm.

Further, there are 28 corporate members involved in Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) CONFERS consortium developing industry best practices for on-orbit servicing activities. These firms range from established space players like Airbus to startups such as UK-based Effective Space that intends to use drones to help satellites station-keep (maintain their orbital parameters after fuel has run out.)

William Bolton, head of marketing and business development for Altius Space Machines, a Colorado-based startup that is part of the CONFERS consortium, said his firm is “evaluating” whether to bid or not for Orbital Outpost, given that the company has not traditionally looked at DoD as a customer. Still, as Altius is developing satellite servicing vehicles, interfaces and hardware, Bolton said the call for proposals is interesting.

On the other hand, Butow said DIU also didn’t want to cut off possible interest from vendors with “non-traditional or disruptive approaches” to the Orbital Outpost effort. He explained: “We know that a number of companies are working on solutions that may dock or interface with the International Space Station. … We simply did not want to exclude any of those solutions if one proves viable for our needs.”

NASA on June 21 issued a request for proposals (RFI) calling for habitable modules that can attach to the ISS and provide accommodations for tourists, or other commercial activities such as manufacturing or biotechnology experiments.

For example, companies that might be interested in Orbital Outpost could include Bigelow Aerospace, which is developing a number of inflatable habitats for use in orbit and on the surface of the Moon. Bigelow’s BEAM (Bigelow Expandable Activity Module) docked with the ISS in 2016, and will remain on orbit until 2020. 

However, several military space experts cautioned that habitat concepts like Bigelow’s B330 would most likely be way too expensive for DIU’s small purse. The Pentagon’s fiscal year 2020 budget request included $29 million and change for DIU. Human rating of spacecraft is not an easy or cheap endeavor — as both SpaceX and Boeing have discovered in their (delayed) efforts to get their spacecraft certified by NASA to carry astronauts to the ISS.

Bigelow did not return a call requesting comment by publication time.

Still, the solicitation lists human rating among its “desired future capabilities” (emphasis mine) that could be “available as options for initial or future implementation.” This does not seem to indicate simply that these are ‘what-the-hell’ options, but capabilities someone in DoD might actually want. Further, there is a cadre of futuristic space thinkers who long have been arguing that a military presence on-orbit will be needed as commercial activities such as asteroid mining and space-based manufacturing become economically viable businesses.

Peter Garretson, former director of Air University’s forward-thinking Space Horizons Task Force, tells me: “If private citizens will be in space, then it makes sense for uniformed guardians to follow…and perhaps help lead and enable that desired future by retiring risk.”

Other interesting capabilities on that list include several that suggest the possibility of military space stations in farther-out orbits such as geosynchronous orbit or even in cislunar space, including:

• Servicing or re-provisioning to extend flight operations for a longer duration
• Orbit transfer
• Radiation hardening for beyond LEO applications

While just a few years ago, anyone proposing any military activities in cislunar space would have been giggled out of town, the future-oriented Air Force acquisition chief Will Roper has talked about doing cislunar space object tracking and former director of the Space Defense Agency (SDA) Fred Kennedy had developed an architecture that also included cislunar object tracking and even potential weapons-carrying Advanced Maneuvering Vehicles for rapidly “delivering effects” all the way out to the Moon. (Although the future of that proposed architecture is now in question following Kennedy’s departure and a likely re-think of priorities by DoD Undersecretary of Defense for Research and Engineering Mike Griffin who oversees SDA.)

A May 30 study on the US space industrial base by AFRL and DIU (of which Butow was an author) says that in the mid- to long-term (5 years and beyond) military activities will be driven by the “need to expand the locations and operations of critical assets into cislunar space to limit adversaries’ abilities to detect and attack these assets and to enhance ours and our adversaries ability to apply force through, from and in space;” and by the need “to establish the required infrastructure to return and establish a permanent US presence on the Moon and beyond.”

According to the DIU solicitation, bidders for the Orbital Outpost award will have to demonstrate that they can put their prototype station concept in LEO “within 24 months of award and have guidance, navigation and control for sustained free-flight operations. Favorable characteristics include modularity and scalability.”

While it does not provide a funding level, it does note that the Orbital Outpost effort will be multi-phased. The first phase will include engineering and design work. The subsequent phases will focus on the fabrication and test of the prototype, based upon the availability of fiscal year 2020 funding.

So marines patrolling space-launch corridors from an orbiting station, or airmen suiting up to repair spacecraft docked at a cislunar service station, are probably a long way off — but maybe they’re not just science fiction.

{ https://breakingdefense.com/ }

Les Québécois demeurent les champions de l'observation d'ovnis

Wetenschappers proberen portaal naar nieuw universum te openen - HLN.be

Bron: The Independent, NBC

Fysicus Leah Broussard is hoopvol over de apparatuur die ze samen met haar collega’s heeft ontwikkeld en die ze deze zomer zullen testen. Volgens haar zouden de experimenten kunnen leiden tot een glimp van een parallel universum of, hoe zij het noemt, ‘spiegelmaterie’. Het universum zou op vele manieren identiek zijn aan het onze, met onder andere spiegelpartikels, spiegelplaneten en misschien zelfs spiegelleven. De onderzoekers inspireren zich voor deze testen op een aantal afwijkende resultaten uit de jaren 90 die tot nu toe onverklaard zijn gebleven.

Abnormale resultaten

In de jaren 90 van de vorige eeuw probeerden enkele fysici de tijd te meten die neutronen nodig hadden om in protonen te breken nadat ze verwijderd waren van de nucleus van een atoom. Twee verschillende experimenten leidden echter tot twee verschillende snelheden. Hoewel het verschil tussen beide proeven slechts negen seconden bedraagt, breken wetenschappers zich nog altijd het hoofd over een mogelijk antwoord.

Antwoord in parallel universum

Om een verklaring te vinden voor de abnormale waarnemingen, wil Leah Broussard deze zomer dus een reeks experimenten uitvoeren waarmee ze denkt een antwoord te vinden in een parallel universum. Als Broussard en haar team het bestaan van een spiegelwereld kunnen bewijzen, zou het tijdsverschil tussen beide experimenten verklaard kunnen worden: er zijn twee levenslopen van neutronen en het is mogelijk dat één procent van de neutronen de grens tussen onze wereld en de spiegelwereld oversteekt voor die de grens terug oversteken en een proton voortbrengen. Dit zou de lichte vertraging in het tweede experiment motiveren.

Experiment

Om een parallel universum waar te nemen willen ze aan het Oak Ridge met de nieuw ontwikkelde apparatuur een stroom subatomaire deeltjes door een 15-meter lange buis sturen langs een krachtige magneet en richting een ondoordringbare muur. Aan de andere kant van die muur staat een neutronendetector. Als alles goed gaat, en als het universum meewerkt, zouden enkele van die deeltjes in spiegelversies van zichzelf moeten veranderen. Hierdoor zouden ze door de tunnel en door de muur moeten raken. Als dat gebeurt, heeft Broussard als eerste bewijs geleverd voor een spiegelwereld die naast de onze bestaat.

“Nogal gek”

Broussard zelf noemt haar experiment “nogal gek”, het bestaan van parallelle universa lijkt namelijk recht uit een sciencefictionfilm te komen. Toch beweert ze dat het experiment niet zo moeilijk is en volgens haar zelfs redelijk voor de hand liggend. Ze beseft toch ook de impact van dit onderzoek. Als ze ook maar één spiegelpartikel weet waar te nemen, verandert volgens haar alles.

peter2011

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

JE HEBT GEEN NASA NODIG OM BUITENAARDS LEVEN TE ONTDEKKEN ( VIDEO )

We weten zo langzamerhand dat er zich veel meer dingen in de ruimte, al dan niet onder een dome, afspelen dan ons wordt verteld. 

Het vertrouwen in leugenachtige organisaties zoals NASA schiet ook niet echt op, maar er zijn ook andere manieren.

Gemakkelijk is het dan ook niet, maar toch zijn er enkele dingen die je zelf zou kunnen doen om meer te weten te komen. 

Steeds vaker zien we beelden opduiken van bijvoorbeeld de maan die gemaakt zijn vanaf de aarde door amateurs met sterke telescopen. 

Met een dergelijke telescoop kan je al dingen ontdekken die NASA voor ons verborgen houdt zoals gebouwen op de maan. 

Een voorbeeld daarvan is de volgende foto:

De opname is gemaakt door een man die via Youtube zijn bevindingen deelt met het publiek en bekendstaat onder de naam BruceSeesAll. 

Nu zal Bruce echt niet alles zien, maar hij ziet wel veel en volgens Scott Waring is deze man uiterst betrouwbaar en kun je ervan uitgaan dat wat hij laat zien echt is. 

Deze man observeert de maan regelmatig en heeft dan ook al heel wat fantastische opnames gemaakt zoals oook te zien in de volgende video. 

Waarmee dan ook weer voor de zoveelste keer is bewezen dat buitenaards leven bestaat en in dit geval op onze maan. En bovenal, dat dit ook te ontdekken is door ons gewone mensen. 

Een andere manier om bijzondere dingen te zien in de ruimte is het maken van foto’s. 

Wij ontvingen het volgende bericht en foto’s van een lezer (dank!). De foto’s zijn dinsdagavond gemaakt. 

Ik heb deze foto gisteren gemaakt om ongeveer half elf het is de heldere ster Venus waarschijnlijk pal zuidelijk ten opzichte van Arnhem zijn met splinternieuwe camera gemaakt van NIKON Een P900 

ik heb dit nooit eerder gezien wat vinden jullie ven deze foto s ik was erg onder de indruk hoop vanavond op meer ik heb nu ongeveer 20 foto s ik stuur of foto van ongeveer half tien is de ufo ook wazig zichtbaar kijk maar goed .links onderin donkerder vlek ook wisselt het steeds van vorm zo lijkt het.

Het lijkt alsofer een onbekend object voor Venus langs vliegt. Het enige probleem is uiteraard dat je geen enkel idee hebt hoe hoog dit object vliegt en of het zich überhaupt in de buurt van Venus bevindt. 

Het lijkt ook niet op een vogel die voor de camera langs vliegt of een ander te herkennen object. Mocht iemand een idee hebben wat die stip voor Venus zou kunnen zijn, laat ons weten. 

En voor diegenen die zelf willen proberen mooie opnames met telescoop of camera; laat het ons weten als er iets bijzonders te zien is.

{

Scientists spot the highest energy particles EVER: Photons from the Crab Nebula emitted from a dying star’s violent death break previous record

• The distant supernova remnant energises photons in collisions with electrons
• A Tibetan array spots particle showers in the atmosphere caused by the photons
• The record-breaking photons had energies that ranged between 100–450 TeV
• Results may help experts learn exactly how photons can have such vast energies

By IAN RANDALL FOR MAILONLINE

Physicists have detected the highest-energy light ever recorded, coming from the Crab Nebula, the remains of a supernova, around 6,500 light years from the Earth.

Researchers in Tibet used enormous detectors to pick out the particle showers created by these gamma rays as they hit particles in the Earth's atmosphere.

With energies of 100–450 trillion electron volts, the photons are around 69 times more energetic than the highest-powered particles in the Large Hadron Collider.

Scroll down for video

Physicists have detected the highest-energy light ever recorded, coming from the remains of a supernova — the Crab Nebula, pictured — that lies around 6,500 light years from the Earth

The high-energy gamma ray photons from the Crab Nebula were detected using the Tibet AS-gamma experiment, a so-called air shower observation array based in Yangbajain, in western China.

The experiment uses nearly 600 particle detectors, distributed over around 700,000 square feet (65,000 square metres) to detect the particle showers created when the high-energy photons hit Earth's atmosphere.

Each of the photons they detected had energies in excess of 100 trillion electron volts, the previously-detected record, with some as high as 4.5 times that.

For comparison, visible light photons have energies of around a few electron volts, while the Large Hadron Collider — the most powerful particle accelerator built by man — can only reach energies of around 6.5 trillion electron volts.

Located around 6,500 light years away, the Crab Nebula was formed after a star exploded in a supernova that was spotted by Chinese astronomers in 1054.

This explosion created the conditions that can generate extremely high-energy photons.

First, charged particles like electrons were driven up to high energies by the shock-wave and the magnetic forces generated by the supernova explosion.

When these high-energy electrons in the Crab Nebula collide with low-energy photons, they transfer their energy, making the photons high-energy instead.

These photons travel off through space and some may even arrive at the Earth. 

When one of these high-energy photons interacts with particles in the Earth's atmosphere, they create showers of other subatomic particles — electrons and positrons — which can be detected by instruments located on the Earth's surface.

The challenge, however, is to distinguish the particle showers caused by high energy photons hitting the atmosphere with those that are also created by cosmic rays, which are much more common.

Researchers in Tibet used enormous detectors to pick out the particle showers created by these gamma rays from the Crab Nebula, pictured, as they hit the Earth's atmosphere

To do this, experts used underground detectors to exclude any event that created muons — elementary particle that are essentially the heavier relatives of electrons — as these particles are created in showers from cosmic rays but not photons.

After ruling out as many of the muon-generating shower events as they could, researchers were left with 24 particle showers, detected across a 3-year-period, that may have been triggered by photons with energies above 100 trillion electron volts.

Some of the shower events even appeared to have been triggered by photons with energies in excess of 450 trillion electron volts. 

The researchers do caution that six of the events they detected could have potentially been caused by cosmic rays, rather than high-energy photons, due to uncertainties in the muon-based exclusion process.

'This energy regime has not been accessible before,' astrophysicist Petra Huentemeyer of the Michigan Technological University in Houghton, who was not involved in the study, told Science News.

'It's an exciting time' for physicists who study gamma rays, she added.

By searching for photons with even higher energies, researchers could find out exactly how the particles are given their energy boosts.

'There has to be a limit to how high the energy of the photons can go,' said physicist David Hanna of McGill University, Montreal, who was also not involved in this study.

Determining this maximum possible energy would allow experts to refine their theories.

The full findings of the study have been accepted for publication in the journal Physical Review Letters.

WHAT IS A SUPERNOVA AND HOW DOES IT FORM?

A supernova occurs when a star explodes, shooting debris and particles into space.

A supernova burns for only a short period of time, but it can tell scientists a lot about how the universe began.

One kind of supernova has shown scientists that we live in an expanding universe, one that is growing at an ever increasing rate.

Scientists have also determined that supernovas play a key role in distributing elements throughout the universe.

In 1987, astronomers spotted a ‘titanic supernova’ in a nearby galaxy blazing with the power of over 100 million suns (pictured)

There are two known types of supernova.

The first type occurs in binary star systems when one of the two stars, a carbon-oxygen white dwarf, steals matter from its companion star.

Eventually, the white dwarf accumulates too much matter, causing the star to explode, resulting in a supernova.

The second type of supernova occurs at the end of a single star's lifetime.

As the star runs out of nuclear fuel, some of its mass flows into its core.

Eventually, the core is so heavy it can't stand its own gravitational force and the core collapses, resulting in another giant explosion. 

Many elements found on Earth are made in the core of stars and these elements travel on to form new stars, planets and everything else in the universe.

Read more:

• Physical Review Letters - Accepted Paper: <article-title>First detection of photons with energy beyond 100 TeV from an astrophysical source</article-title>
• The highest-energy photons ever seen hail from the Crab Nebula | Science News

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

Scientists at the Tibet Air-Shower Array high atop the Tibetan plateau recently observed the most powerful photons ever recorded from an astrophysical source hitting Earth. The photon was part of a barrage of light coming from the Crab Nebula, a giant cloud of gas some 6,500 light-years away with a pulsar—a neutron star spinning at 30 revolutions per second, emitting high-frequency radiation as a tight beam of energy—at its heart, which is all that remains of a powerful supernova that occurred, from our perspective, in 1054 A.D.

Although the Air Shower Array is used to recording extremely high powered photons, they say the photons they recently detected coming from the Crab Nebula are off the charts. According to the MIT Technology Review, the highest powered photons that can be created on Earth, such as those in the Large Hadron Collider, have an energy of roughly 14 terraelectronvolts (TeV), and scientists at the Air Shower Array routinely detect photons of that power. The photons they just saw coming from the Crab Nebula are over 100 TeV, including one single photon with an energy of 500 TeV. That’s the energetic equivalent of a falling ping-pong ball.

The Crab Nebula

What’s that? A falling ping-pong ball isn’t impressive enough for you? Consider this: a single photon is a weird subatomic particle/wave that operates on the quantum scale and has no mass, whereas ping-pong balls are large enough to play an Olympic sport with. That’s like throwing a ping-pong ball with the energetic equivalent of a nuclear bomb. That comparison may not be even close to correct, but you get the idea. It was a shockingly powerful photon.

As to how these high-energy photons are created, scientists have a working theory. According to the MIT Technology review:

Photons of this energy are thought to be created by a process known as inverse Compton scattering. This occurs when a high-energy particle transfers its energy to a photon. In the case of the Crab Nebula, the high-energy particles are probably electrons and protons accelerated by shock waves in the powerful magnetic fields that surround the pulsar.

Artist’s depiction of a pulsar.

Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center

According to the paper about these observations, this discovery opens up a whole new range of possible energy levels for photons and sheds some light on the conditions near pulsars, some of of the most extreme and mysterious objects in the known universe. Now that they have a record of an off-the-charts photon and exactly where it came from, the researchers can work backwards to figure out the sort of physical processes that are happening in and around the Crab Nebula pulsar. But as with all things spacey, the data will have to be checked and rechecked with further observations until scientists can make any definitive headway to understanding pulsars. Even then, there’s always a good chance that it all turns out to be nonsense.

{  https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

So What Did The FBI Find In Their Bigfoot Inquiry?

• http://bigfootevidence.blogspot.com/

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/v3/ }

Alien Implants Are Emitting A Weird Electromagnetic Signal

Filmmaker and artist Jeremy Corbell discussed his research and work with the late Dr. Roger Leir, who removed dozens of alien implants from people. In Corbell’s new film, Patient Seventeen, he explores the truth behind implants, and interviewed the man whom Leir conducted his last surgery upon.

Corbell found ‘Patient Seventeen’ to be a sincere and honest man who was not looking for the limelight. He described alien abduction experiences that could be connected to the small metallic implant that showed up on X-rays of his leg.

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/v3/ }

Alien Dome In Front Of Curiosity Rover! Will It Enter The Dome? July 2019, UFO Sighting News.

Date of discovery: July 1, 2019
Location of discovery: Mars
Source photo: 

• https://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/msl-raw-
• images/proj/msl/redops/ods/surface/sol/02454/opgs/edr/ncam/NRB_6153518
• 48EDR_F0761666NCAM00298M_.JPG
  
  

This is the most recent photo from the Mars rover. This ancient dome on Mars has stood the test of time. I have reported this dome when it was further away, but never before have we seen it so close as now. Its reflective smooth surface sows that it was built to reflect the heat and keep the interior cool. It looks like the NASA rover is driving in this direction, so lets keep our fingers crossed. We may see an entrance or ancient writing on its walls when close. 
Scott C. Waring

{ https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

UFOs Created Hurricane To Fly Into Underwater Base Undetected, July 2, 2019, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: July 2, 2019
Location of sighting: Coast of Mexico

These UFOs were recorded by a Youtuber going by the name of MRMB333. During the eclipse he noticed that some dark shadows were on a hurricane weather map. He believes the dark shadows to be just reflections of shadow from the eclipse. 

He actually caught a fleet of UFOs flying over the hurricane and into the eye. Watch carefully and you will notice that they all fly into the eye, like going down a drain in a bathroom sink. Its obvious to me that the aliens wanted to fly into an underwater base unnoticed so they created the hurricane in order to fly over it and enter the base undetected. 

Now would aliens deliberately create a hurricane and endanger the lives of humans in the process to hide from us? Yes, some species defiantly would do such an thing. Not all the aliens care about humans. UFOs have been seen creating clouds, storms, lightning, tornados and even earthquakes. UFOs are frequently seen during the most horrific of natural disasters. Which is proof that they created it. But here, we have a motive for creating the hurricane...for entering an underwater base. 
Scott C. Waring

{ https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

Spaceship Discovered On Planet Pluto In New NASA Photo, UFO Sighting News.

Photo source: https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA19963

I found this alien spaceship on the planet Pluto in a NASA photo. The spaceship is huge, about 2.8 to 5.6 miles across (4-7km), since the photo itself is 280 miles or 450km across. This UFO is about 1-2% of that distance. The ship looks very similar to NASAs old space shuttle but is of course, much larger. The back has three different fins on it. I would be that this ship still works. Imagine using it for flying from Earth to Pluto in a few minutes. 
Scott C. Waring

{ https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

UFO Sighting: Alien ship seen near Mexico volcano is PROOF of ET – shock claim

A HUGE UFO has been spotted exiting one of Mexico’s biggest volcanos – and alien hunters believe it is proof that extraterrestrials are using it as a base.

They live in the octillions, in scorching heat beneath the ground — and we’re just finding out about them

 BY MIHAI ANDREI

While some researchers are trying to find life on other planets, others are learning more about the hidden life here on Earth.

To say that subsurface life is poorly understood would be an understatement. We tend to think of habitats and ecosystems as being on the surface, or at the very most inside the oceans but the subsurface is also a very active place — it’s just that its inhabitants are very small. Using hi-tech studies of all sorts, different teams of researchers have surveyed all sorts of subsurface environments, from volcanoes to diamond mines. Microscopic creatures that were once completely ignored are starting to be brought to light — and researchers at the Deep Carbon Observatory are trying to make sense of all these new findings.

Recently, the Deep Carbon Observatory announced some of their recent findings: there are 200 to 600 octillion microbes live beneath the terrestrial crust, and almost certainly, even more of them living in the oceanic crust. That amounts to some 20 billion tons of living matter — or the equivalent of 200 million blue whales.

“I think this is one of the first times anyone has really looked at combining a lot of different environments in the continental subsurface and tried to think about how many species there might actually be,” said Cara Magnabosco, the lead author of the new study.

To make matters even more impressive, not only are there massive numbers of microbes surviving beneath the ground, but the conditions in which they do so are absolutely hellish.

Take Geogemma barossii, for instance. If you were to put it in boiling water (at 212 degrees Fahrenheit), it would probably freeze up. That’s because it’s used to much higher temperatures, of around 250 degrees Fahrenheit. Until recently, it wasn’t even known that creatures can survive at those temperatures. Meanwhile, Candidatus Desulforudisaudaxviator, which lives 2.8 kilometres (1.7 mi) underground in the Mponeng gold mine in South Africa, essentially survives by breathing rocks — or to be more precise, what’s released when particular rocks meet water. Other bacteria breathe uranium and expel tiny crystals. For many of these creatures, you could take out the sun tomorrow, and they probably wouldn’t even care.

The denizens of the underground largely fall into two categories: Archaea (single-celled microbes without a nucleus) and bacteria. But there are also other types of microbes, as well as some pluricellular creatures like worms and insects. Just like there are rainforests and mountains and deserts on Earth, there’s a comparable diversity beneath the surface — and we’re just starting to learn about it.

• The study “The biomass and biodiversity of the continental subsurface” by Magnabosco et al. has been published in Nature Geoscience.

{ https://www.zmescience.com/ }

RECORD AANTAL UITBARSTINGEN STEAMBOAT GEYSER BIJ YELLOWSTONE VULKAAN ( VIDEO )

Volgens NASA is hét grote gevaar voor de aarde niet een asteroïde, maar de uitbarsting van een supervulkaan. 

En als er één onrustige supervulkaan op aarde is, dan is dat wel de bekende Yellowstone vulkaan.

Eén van de tekenen van onrust rondom de Yellowstone vulkaan is de zogenaamde Steamboat Geyser, waarover we vorig jaar oktober het volgende schreven. 

{ http://niburu.co/ }

According to a new study conducted by a team at the University of Colorado Boulder (CU Boulder), the clouds that form in Mars’ thin atmosphere are caused by meteors. “Meteor smoke”, which is icy dust that is left behind when a meteor burns up in Mars’ atmosphere, is what partially creates the cirrus-looking clouds that are positioned around 18 miles above the planet’s surface.

Cirrus clouds in the Martian atmosphere. Though much less substantial than Earthly clouds, Martian clouds play a big role in that planet’s climate, and may have helped keep Mars warm enough for liquid water to sculpt the Martian surface.

Image: Mars Exploration Rover Mission, Cornell, JPL, NASA

Since clouds here on Earth are formed by particles, such as grains of dust or sea salt, that are carried into the air by the wind and then the water molecules condense around them which causes the clouds to form and grow. Mars, on the other hand, has barely any particles floating around since the atmosphere is so thin. But when small meteors enter Mars’ atmosphere, they often burn up which creates fine dust or “meteor smoke” which are the particles needed for clouds to develop.

Earth has noctilucent clouds that are created from the dust of meteors and are seen at an altitude of around 50 miles in the atmosphere. After the sun sets on Earth, the clouds still reflect the light of the sun, so they can be seen glowing a bright blue color.

Noctilucent Clouds

While the dust from the meteors helps to create the Martian clouds, the thin atmosphere only allows for certain types of clouds to form. The clouds are normally very wispy and cotton candy-like – quite similar to Earth’s cirrus clouds. “But just because they’re thin and you can’t really see them doesn’t mean they can’t have an effect on the dynamics of the climate,” stated Victoria Hartwick, who is a graduate student at CU Boulder. In fact, the temperatures at the same height as the clouds could fluctuate warmer or colder by 18 degrees Fahrenheit.

According to Brian Toon, who is a professor at CU Boulder, “More and more climate models are finding that the ancient climate of Mars, when rivers were flowing across its surface and life might have originated, was warmed by high altitude clouds. It is likely that this discovery will become a major part of that idea for warming Mars.”

You can check out some pictures of the clouds on Mars.

A stunning view of cirrus-like clouds seen by the Curiosity rover on Mars, on sol 2417. This is a cloudy day for Mars!

Image via NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS/Thomas Appéré.

Computer simulation of middle altitude noctilucent clouds on Mars.

Image via Victoria Hartwick.

Noctilucent clouds in Mars’ sky, seen by the Curiosity rover. Curiosity captured these clouds on Sol 2410 (May 18, 2019). The clouds are sunlit although the sun has set; they’re noctilucent clouds or night-shining clouds.

Image via NASA/JPL-Caltech/Justin Cowart/The Planetary Society.

Noctilucent clouds in motion, Curiosity, Sol 2405. Curiosity looked upward after sunset on Sol 2405 (May 13, 2019) and saw wispy cirrus clouds in motion, high above the ground. Because of their high elevation, the clouds are still sunlit, making them noctilucent (night-shining) clouds.

Image via NASA/JPL-Caltech/Justin Cowart/The Planetary Society.

An example of noctilucent clouds on Earth. Leon KijkindeVegte in the Netherlands caught this photo on the night of June 12, 2019. He posted it at the great Facebook page Noctilucent Clouds Around The World.

Patchy clouds on Mars, as seen by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, using the MARCI camera. Image via NASA/JPL/Malin Space Science Systems.

While the Martian clouds are much too weak and the atmosphere is too thin to produce rain, snow did fall close to the North Pole in 2008 and was witnessed by the Phoenix Mars Lander. Frost and fog has also been seen on the Red Planet due to a water cycle that occurs even without water on the surface and an extremely thin atmosphere.

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

When it comes to compiling lists of monsters residing in the five Great Lakes, fans of Lake Michigan usually respond with some comment about the great fishing (which it has) or change the subject to the Michigan Dogman. That’s because Lake Michigan has no famous monsters, just a few rumors. It’s so bad, even the 2018 “Lake Michigan Monster” film is more comedy than horror. All of this may change soon with an eerie (not Erie) video from a closed-circuit camera on a Lake Michigan pier showing what looks like a giant sea monster or serpent trapped near a lighthouse during a severe storm before finally freeing itself and swimming off. A real Lake Michigan monster? Aquatic Dogman? The world’s largest blob of seaweed?

“The “Lake Ness” monster being washed over the south pier during the gale on 6-13-2019 lol. But really, what the heck is it? Apologies on quality – taken from downtown with live web camera in 40 mph wind. Credit: WWMT and Horizon Broadband livestream service.”

Michigan resident Tim Wenzel posted the vide on his Facebook page, hoping for help in identifying what he called the “Lake Ness” monster. For a perspective on its size, the lighthouse in the video is Charlevoix’s South Pier Lighthouse – a lighted landmark for Lake Michigan boats looking for the channel to Round Lake and Lake Charlevoix. The first wooden lighthouse was built there in 1885 and the current steel structure was built in 1948 and is 41 feet (12.5 meters) high. Wenzel was apparently watching the live video stream provided by the WWMT and Horizon Broadband livestream service on June 13 because he’s a self-described “storm geek” and “small sailboat skipper.”

After posting the video on Facebook, Wenzel received a number of serious and nonsensical suggestions as to what the “monster” might be. He agrees with many who thought it was a giant lake sturgeon, which can weigh up to 200 pounds and reach a length of seven feet. While sturgeons are known to be flexible, the ‘creature’ in the video seems to be pretty bendable and far longer than seven feet. That leads some, including Dr. Pete VanVranken of the Dickman Road Veterinary Clinic in Battle Creek interviewed by Kalamazoo radio station K102.5, to suggest it was a giant eel, especially after seeing it seemingly slither through the barrier and appear to dive after reaching the other side. There are many species of eels and lampreys, both native and invasive, living in Lake Michigan. However, even the sea lamprey only reaches 4 feet (1.2 meters) in length and the thing in the video appears larger.

So, what is that thing in Tim Wenzel’s video? A mutant lamprey or sturgeon? An unidentifiable blob of seaweed or trash? Something else? Something worse?

Something at least worthy of the name Lake Michigan Monster and a better movie?

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/  }

DNA Is Code but Who Coded It? No, You're Not a Robot Made Out of Meat

Is the software that runs life the result of accumulated copying errors? Or does it require a programmer?
 

This episode of Science Uprising examines how Microsoft founder Bill Gates, geneticist and entrepreneur Craig Venter, and even evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins all acknowledge that DNA is like software.

As Stephen Meyer says here, we know from having lived in and observed the world that “information always arises from an intelligent source.” Simply applying that knowledge to the biological information in DNA seems to command an inference to intelligent design.

“If our DNA code is more complex than any man-made software, where did it come from and how was that software created?

People featured in this episode include Stephen Meyer, PhD, Director of the Center for Science and Culture at Discovery Institute and author of Signature in the Cell: DNA and the Evidence for Intelligent Design; and Douglas Axe, Maxwell Visiting Professor of Molecular Biology at Biola University and author of Undeniable.

 

• https://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/

{

Black Hole Brings Down Curtain On Jellyfish Galaxy's Star Turn

The role of an excited black hole in the death of an exotic ‘jellyfish’ galaxy will be presented today (3 July) by Callum Bellhouse of the University of Birmingham at the RAS National Astronomy Meeting in Lancaster. The supermassive black hole at the centre of jellyfish galaxy JO201 is stripping away gas and throwing it out into space, accelerating suppression of star formation and effectively ‘killing’ the galaxy.

Jellyfish galaxies are spectacular objects that undergo a dramatic process of transformation as they plunge through the dense core of a galaxy cluster at supersonic speeds. External drag forces tear away the galaxy’s gas, in a process known as ram-pressure stripping, leaving extended tentacles of trailing material. 

This is a composite image of jellyfish galaxy JO201 made from combining near ultraviolet (colored blue), Hα (colored red) and oxygen (colored green).

• https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/jo201-3fb078406b6648a08f34869e7029fc3f

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/v3/ }

The Earth Strikes Back – 10 Signs That Nature Has Turned Against Humanity

• This article was originally published by Michael Snyder at The End of the American Dream.

All over the planet, nature is starting to behave in some very unusual ways.  And unfortunately for us, a lot of the changes that we are witnessing in nature are quite detrimental for humanity.  Of course, the truth is that we haven’t exactly been too kind to the planet that we are living on.  In fact, many would argue that we are in the process of absolutely devastating the Earth, and most of us don’t feel bad about that at all.  So could it be possible that it is now payback time?

Let me give you just one quick example of how we are destroying the planet.  According to a recent survey of U.S. beekeepers, an astounding 37 percent of all honeybee colonies were lost over the winter…

Every year since 2006, the University of Maryland’s nonprofit Bee Informed Partnership (BIP) conducts an annual survey to determine how many bee colonies were lost over the course of the year. The 2018–2019 survey asked 4,696 U.S. beekeepers to report how many colonies they lost, and the preliminary results of the survey suggest that things aren’t looking so good.

Of the more than 319,000 managed bee colonies in the survey, 37.7 percent were lost over the winter. This represents the largest die-off since the survey began, and a full 7 percentage points higher than the previous year. Having fewer honeybees is more than just an ecological problem, it’s also an economic one: Every year, honeybees contribute a nearly $20 billion value to U.S. crop production.

Of course, we don’t have to look too far to find the culprit.  We are the ones that are killing all the bees off, and in the process, we are setting the stage for an unprecedented ecological disaster because if all the bees suddenly vanished human civilization would not last much longer at all.

In the end, we will be held accountable for what has been entrusted to us, and it appears that we are starting to get what we deserve.

The following are 10 signs that nature has turned against humanity…

#1 In the middle of the country, farmers are freaking out because giant black vultures are literally eating their farm animals alive.  And since the vultures are “federally-protected”, the farmers can’t do anything about it…

They’ll devour slimy newborn calves, full-grown ewes and lambs alive by pecking them to death.

First the eyes, then the tongue, then every last shred of flesh.

And there isn’t much defense against black vultures and turkey vultures, both of which are federally protected and cannot be killed without a permit.

#2 All up and down the east coast, Americans are becoming the victims of “flesh-eating bacteria” when they go into the water.  Here is one recent example from Florida…

A woman who cut herself while walking along the water on the Florida beach she loved died after contracting necrotizing fasciitis, becoming the latest victim of the flesh-eating bacteria.

Lynn Fleming, from Ellenton, about 15 miles north of Sarasota, fell and cut herself while she was walking at Coquina Beach on nearby Anna Maria Island two weeks ago.

At this point, things have gotten so bad that the CDC is telling people with open wounds “to avoid bodies of water, especially swimming pools and hot tubs.”

#3 For decades, cockroaches have been multiplying despite our best efforts to eradicate them with insecticides.  But now they are developing resistance to our insecticides, and researchers are warning that this will make them “invulnerable”…

The day that squeamish humans—and exterminators—have long feared may have come at last: Cockroaches are becoming invincible. Or at least German cockroaches (Blattella germanica) are, according to a new study. Researchers have found that these creatures, which have long been a prevalent urban pest, are becoming increasingly resistant to almost every kind of chemical insecticide.

Not all insecticides are created equal. Some degrade the nervous system, whereas others attack the exoskeleton; they also have to be left out for varying amounts of time. But many insects, including cockroaches, have evolved resistance to at least one of the most commonly-used insecticides.

#4 Last week it was hotter in some parts of Europe than it has ever been before.  In fact, in one region in France, the temperature actually hit 114 degrees Fahrenheit…

Hundreds of firefighters battled on Saturday to contain wildfires in southern France as a stifling heatwave brought record-breaking temperatures to parts of Europe, killing at least three people in Italy.

In the Gard region, where France’s highest temperature on record was registered on Friday at 45.9 degrees Celsius (114 degrees Fahrenheit), scores of fires burned some 600 hectares (about 1,500 acres) of land and destroyed several houses and vehicles, emergency services said.

#5 Along the California coastline, temperatures have been so hot that mussels have actually been “roasting in their shells”…

A record-breaking June heatwave apparently caused the largest die-off of mussels in at least 15 years at Bodega Head, a small headland on the northern California bay. And Sones received reports from other researchers of similar mass mussel deaths at various beaches across roughly 140 miles of coastline.

While the people who flocked to the Pacific to enjoy a rare 80F beach day soaked up the sun, so did the mussel beds – where the rock-bound mollusks could have been experiencing temperatures above 100F at low tide, literally roasting in their shells.

#6 And of course the east coast is not being left out either.  According to meteorologists, some portions of the east coast could see heat index values hit 110 degrees “as early as Wednesday”…

Another round of oppressive heat is already in the forecast this week for the East Coast with oppressive heat index values on the way for the parts of the Southeast by midweek. Heat index values could approaching 105 to 110 degrees in parts of the region as early as Wednesday.

Major cities from North Carolina to New Jersey will see a long stretch of temperatures at or above 90 degrees, which means another heat wave is on the way for cities like Philadelphia and Washington, D.C.

#7 Thanks to the unusually high temperatures, wasp nests are absolutely thriving across the southern United States.  In fact, one expert anticipates that there will be dozens of “super nests” in his area this year…

Warmer winters contribute to these nests, Mr. Ray said. Most yellow jackets don’t survive the cold months because they freeze to death or have trouble finding food. They need a fair amount of sugar and carbohydrates, he said.

“The queens are the only ones who have an antifreeze compound in their blood,” Mr. Ray said. “So normally, a surviving queen will have to start a colony from scratch in the spring. With our climate becoming warmer, there might be multiple surviving queens producing more than 20,000 eggs each.”

#8 Meanwhile, the middle of the country is being absolutely hammered by the wettest year that it has ever experienced.  And just when you thought that it couldn’t possibly get any wetter, more storms are scheduled to come rolling through…

But a new system was moving through the Northern Plains Sunday morning and already bringing some severe storms to Minnesota.

The system will attempt to bring some cooler air down from Canada, which will interact with the heat situated in the Midwest and spark storms across parts of the Plains and the Midwest, from Wyoming to Illinois.

#9 In recent months we have also seen unusually large hail absolutely hammer communities all over the country.  For example, it is being reported that some portions of Montana were just hit with “baseball-sized hail”…

Thunderstorms that moved through southwestern Montana dropped baseball-sized hail in western Powder River County and golf ball-sized hail as the storm moved to the east.

The National Weather Service reports Wednesday night’s storm left behind broken windows and damaged crops.

Baseball-sized hail fell near Moorhead, a community about 35 miles southwest of Broadus, while Broadus recorded a 70 mph (113 kph) wind gust. Communities just north of Moorhead reported golf ball-sized hail.

#10 Needless to say, all of this wet weather has just continued to feed the unprecedented flooding that we have seen along our major rivers.  At this point, we are being told that the horrific flooding along the Mississippi River may go beyond the end of the summer…

The 2019 Mississippi River flood fight is going to slog deep into the summer — and maybe much longer.

While communities north of St. Louis are beginning the expensive path to recovery after record-breaking winter and spring precipitation and runoff, people below the Missouri River are shoveling mud from their houses and praying for a dry spell.

The Lower Mississippi Valley remains in a flood crisis as high water continues to swamp

streets, homes, businesses, sewage and water treatment plants, and farm fields, including across some of the poorest counties in the United States.

These are ten examples that have just been in the news during the past few days.  If I wanted to cover all of the unusual events that we have witnessed so far in 2019 I would have to write an entire book.

The truth is that global weather patterns are dramatically shifting and our planet is becoming increasingly unstable.  And no matter how hard humanity tries to find solutions, the reality of the matter is that things are going to continue to get worse.

We have passed the tipping point, and we are starting to experience the consequences for decades of exceedingly foolish decisions.

We have entered the time of “the perfect storm”, and everything that can be shaken will be shaken.

 This article has been contributed by SHTF Plan. Visit www.SHTFplan.com for alternative news, commentary and preparedness info.

Source: 

• https://www.shtfplan.com/headline-news/the-earth-strikes-back-10-signs-that-nature-has-turned-against-humanity_07032019

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/v3/ }

Steve Quayle: Alien Disclosure Revelations 2019 UnParalleled - New Interview w/ Greg Hunter

Filmmaker, alien researcher and renowned radio host Steve Quayle says this is the year the truth is going to come out about aliens visiting earth. Quayle says, “The information is being released now by the same government that used to cover up every single UFO sighting, even when they started with ‘Project Blue Book.’

It wasn’t to answer the alien question, it was to control all the information of all the different sightings. The number one goal of the world control, I call them the fallen angel puppet masters, is to spin everything in history to their advantage. They want to destroy everything that is good and what God created. Every barrier, natural barrier, supernatural barrier and all of the barriers are being broken.” Join Greg Hunter as he goes One-on-One with alien researcher and filmmaker Steve Quayle.

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/v3/ }

Mystery of "The Nommos" Ancient Aliens From the Sirius Star System | Dogon Tribe 2019

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/v3/ }

Solar Eclipse July 2nd 2019, Chile and Argentina

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/v3/ }

Speed Boat Found On Mars With Other Ancient Artefacts, 100% Proof Of Life, UFO Sighting News.

Location of discovery: Mars 
Source photo: 

• http://www.gigapan.com/gigapans/172549 

I was checking out some gigipan photos hoping to find some signs of an ancient culture that may somehow elude NASAs prying eyes. The crown jewel of this video is an ancient boat laying on the sand. The boat has a tail fin with a few pipe-like objects that come out its back and a perfectly formed area where the window is. The window area may still be there. The pillars are very obvious, though their true hight is unknown. It actually looks like two separate pillars if you look at its ends, rather than a single broken pillar. The two diamond shaped objects with pyramids on them...the fact that there are two of them is proof that they were constructed by intelligent beings, and that a building complex once stood here...not for being our size, but, get this, about 3-6 inches tall. Intelligence is not limited to size, but from my calculations of the 1 meter boat, the 1.5 meter two pillars, these being were tiny. Actually they are the same size as the woman figure and man figure on Mars. Do you remember that photo I reported years ago? Now...do aliens sound frightening? Because this particular species sound cute to me. 
Scott C. Waring

{ https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

Yahoo News Is Fooled By Fake US Gov Released Video, UFO Shooting Down Jet, UFO Sighting News.

Source:  https://uk.news.yahoo.com/hostile-ufo-takes-down-plane-111000681.html

Today Yahoo News reported a fake UFO sighting as real. They said  a secret video was leaked to Rumble Viral and was released today. The video is said to show a UFO shooting down an airliner. The video looks to be recored on an old TV security screen and almost looks believable. 

But Yahoo did not look at the person releasing the video. The Youtube channel is called Rumble Viral. They have over 1 millions fake subscribers on the channel. How can you tell, easy, most the videos on the channel have 600 views or less. Also they upload close to 100 videos an hour. Its to make fast money and appear big. Getting into Yahoo news only make them make more money and get more real subscribers. Its sad when so many fake videos are realised and are often mistaken as real. 
Scott Waring-Taiwan

{ https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

No Aliens Needed: Odd Properties of the 1st Known Interstellar Visitor Can Be Natural

By Nola Taylor Redd 

The debate about 'Oumuamua's nature and origin continues.

An artist's interpretation of the strange cigar shape of 'Oumuamua.

(Image: © ESO/M. Kornmesser)

When the solar system's first-known interstellar visitor was spotted on October 19, 2017, scientists scurried to observe the strange object. The oddly shaped, rapidly moving traveler had been ejected from its home system and was perhaps a comet or asteroid, or even a chunk of a shredded planet. One pair of scientists even suggested that it could be an alien spacecraft.

"We have never seen anything like 'Oumuamua in our solar system," Matthew Knight, an astronomer at the University of Maryland and first author on a new paper about the mysterious object, said in a statement. "It's really a mystery still."

Knight was part of the 'Oumuamua International Space Science Institute (ISSI) Team, a group that examined all of the observations and studies of the passing visitor. The scientists concluded that aliens are not needed to explain 'Oumuamua, as a natural explanation satisfies the observations. Their study was published today (July 1) in the journal Nature Astronomy.

• Related: 'Oumuamua: The Solar System's 1st Interstellar Visitor Explained in Photos

"Our preference is to stick with analogs we know, unless or until we find something unique," Knight said. "The alien spacecraft hypothesis is a fun idea, but our analysis suggests there is a whole host of natural phenomena that could explain it."

An unusual object

'Oumuamua's rapid speed meant that astronomers had only a few weeks after it was first spotted to collect as much data as possible. Their observations revealed that the object was small and red in color. The object also seemed to have a cigar-like shape and an unusual spin, as well as a strange change in direction that has been a challenge to explain.

"The motion of 'Oumuamua didn't simply follow gravity along a parabolic orbit as we would expect from an asteroid," Knight said.

Jets of gas could gently push the traveler, providing a potential explanation for its change in spin and direction. But astronomers didn't spot any sign of material shooting out of the elongated object that would match current models of cometary jets.

"Either the jet model in that study did not capture how 'Oumuamua's jets actually worked, or we need to throw the whole jets idea out of the window," Sean Raymond, a member of the ISSI team and co-author on the paper, wrote in his blog. "The alien-spacecraft camp threw the jets model out of the window."

According to Raymond, these scientists may have tossed out jets too soon.

"How comets' spins change due to outgassing is an active area of research," Raymond wrote. "And it's more complicated than you might think."

Another model suggesting that the cometary object would have lost about 10% of its total mass as it passed the sun reveals a spin that matches what was observed with 'Oumuamua. According to Raymond, that theory may or may not be correct, but it "clearly shows that comet-like outgassing can explain 'Oumuamua's nongravitational acceleration and spin at the same time."

It's also possible that pressure from solar radiation could have affected the spin. If 'Oumuamua was only a few millimeters thick, it could work as a lightsail, pushed along by starlight. But if the interstellar traveler was an alien star sail, it shouldn't have a spin, instead keeping one face constantly pointing towards the sun.

The scientists who suggested that the object could be an alien spacecraft also argued that the lack of similar natural objects in space suggests that 'Oumuamua should never have been discovered, and may therefore have been deliberately aimed at Earth. Similarly, its unlikely orbit sent it closer to Earth than any other planet, a so-called special orbit that suggests it may have sought us out.

Knight and his colleagues argued that, while simulations suggest how much material — roughly one Earth-mass — gets ejected during planet formation, the true amount of debris ejected during these events remains unknown: It could be a few large objects or many smaller ones. Some estimates suggest that roughly two extrasolar objects pass by the sun each year. Knight also pointed out that small, faint objects like 'Oumuamua should constantly breeze through the solar system but are often too faint to be visible. These items can only be spotted when they are near our planet.

"'Oumuamua's orbit is completely average when compared with detectable interstellar objects," Raymond wrote. "The ones we could find are mostly on 'special' orbits."

What about the strange elongated shape of the visitor? "The thing is, we don't know 'Oumuamua's actual shape," Raymond wrote. Researchers only had a limited time to observe the faint fleeing object. While it could look like a cigar, it could also bear a strong resemblance to a pancake.

Even a cigar shape could have a natural explanation. 'Oumuamua could be a fragment of a larger object shredded before it was ejected, a process that stretched it out. Slow collisions with objects in its home system could have produced its bizarre shape. Or the fast-traveling dust between the stars could have crashed into the visitor, carving out an elongated cigar. Or it could be something else entirely.

If 'Oumuamua isn't an alien spacecraft, what might it be?

"There is no universally accepted answer, but signs point toward 'Oumuamua being similar to solar system comets," Raymond wrote. Comet-like objects are constantly tossed out of their systems by large planets and passing stars. A full-size comet or a cometary fragment would fit with the appearance and acceleration of 'Oumuamua, according to the researchers.

"It is possible that some of 'Oumuamua's weirdnesses are simply due to its small size," Raymond wrote. He added that the properties of very few similarly sized objects in the solar system are known because their small size and faintness makes them a challenge to observe.

"Signs point to 'Oumuamua being a natural object. Maybe something similar to a comet," he wrote. "But no aliens."

One of many

As telescope technology continues to increase, astronomers anticipate spotting more interstellar visitors. The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), currently under construction in Chile, may help to reveal many of these once the instrument sees first light in 2022. While observers won't catch a glimpse of 'Oumuamua again, they will be able to spot other interstellar visitors.

"We may start seeing a new object every year," Knight said. "That's when we'll start to know whether 'Oumuamua is weird or common."

If the interstellar visitor resembles other travelers, then it would most likely have similar origins. Only if it was dramatically different from the majority of visitors might scientists begin to consider more fantastic origins.

"If we find 10 to 20 of these things and 'Oumuamua still looks unusual, we'll have to reexamine our explanations," Knight said.

• Solar System Planets: Order of the 8 (or 9) Planets
• Interstellar Object 'Oumuamua Could Be a 'Monstrous' Corpse of Comet Dust
• Interstellar Objects Like 'Oumuamua Might Jump-Start Planet Formation
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Who are you calling a caveman? Israeli study finds Neanderthals had versatile habitats

Analysis of remains from 60,000 years ago found at Ein Qashish questions a bedrock narrative of humanity’s ancestors

By AMANDA BORSCHEL-DAN

The lower limbs of a Neanderthal exposed at the open-air site of Ein Qashish, on the banks of the Kishon River in northern Israel

(Erella Hovers, courtesy of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem)

An Israeli-led study of the skeletal remains of two humans from the late Middle Paleolithic period, between 70,000 and 60,000 years ago, has yielded surprising findings. In analyzing the first Neanderthal remains found outside caves in the Levant, researchers have found Neanderthals were not merely “cavemen,” but much more flexible in their living habits than commonly held.

As part of major road construction, archaeologists were called in by road company Derekh Eretz Inc. to survey the northern Israel site of Ein Qashish, situated on the banks of the Kishon River. The findings of their study — published Wednesday in the journal Nature Scientific Reports — indicate that 60,000 years ago, as modern humans reached the region, Neanderthals in the Levant inhabited both caves and open landscapes.

The Levant, or Near East, is to date the only known region where the fossil record shows the two populations — Neanderthals and Homo sapiens– existed simultaneously during the Middle Paleolithic era. Unlike earlier studies, however, this survey includes fossils of both types of human individuals — not only from caves, but also from open-air sites.

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“The discovery of Neanderthals at open-air sites during the late MP reinforces the view that Neanderthals were a resilient population in the Levant shortly before Upper Palaeolithic Homo sapiens populated the region,” the article stated.

An aerial view of Ein Qashsish in northern Israel.

(Erella Hovers, courtesy of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem)

“The new discovery of Neanderthal remains at the late MP open-air site of Ein Qashish provides a window into the settlement and mobility patterns of the Neanderthals of northern Israel,” it continued.

The study was led by Dr. Ella Been from the Ono Academic College, Prof. Erella Hovers from the Institute of Archaeology of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Dr. Omry Barzilai from the Israel Antiquities Authority, with the assistance of Dr. Ravid Ekshtain (the Hebrew University of Jerusalem) and Dr. Ariel Malinsky-Buller (the Museum for Human Behavioral Evolution, Monrepos, Germany).

The Neanderthal tooth found at Ein Qashish, on the banks of the Kishon River in northern Israel.

(Erella Hovers, courtesy of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem)

Aided by advanced imaging and statistical techniques, the archaeologists used a single upper molar tooth to represent the remains of one Neanderthal. The second Neanderthal was represented by the lower limbs of an individual who suffered from injuries that likely caused limping. The remains were found within a rich archaeological level containing flint tools, animal bones, and some unusual finds for the period, such as a marine shell, pigments and an antler of a deer, according to the Israel Antiquities Authority.

A spear point made from flint found at Ein Qashsish in northern Israel. 

(Erella Hovers, courtesy of the Israel Antiquities Authority)

״A number of researchers have recently claimed that Neanderthals were adapted to life in rugged mountainous terrains whereas modern humans adapted better to flat and open landscapes. The finds from Ein Qashish show that Neanderthals inhabited sites in diverse topographic and ecological contexts,” the IAA said in a press release.

The findings of the study go a long way toward explaining the disappearance of the Neanderthals, according to the IAA.

Whereas traditional explanations hypothesize that Neanderthals in the Near East were unable to adapt to an increasingly dry climate, the Ein Qashish finds indicate that they were adapted to open-air living.

“Our study suggests that Neanderthals were a resilient population that successfully existed in the north of Israel at the time that modern humans arrived from Africa some 60,000 years ago.”

READ MORE:

• Israel Inside 
• archaeology
• archaeology in Israel
• Neanderthals
• IAA Israel Antiquities Authority
• Kishon River
• Homo sapiens
• Hebrew University of Jerusalem

{ https://www.timesofisrael.com/ }

Italian inventor believes crop circles are models for generating free energy

by Corbin 

Crop circles, elaborate patterns found in farmer’s fields, continue to fascinate people worldwide. Although some have been elaborate hoaxes, others remain a mystery, tangible and real yet unexplained. The first simple crop circles started to become a regular phenomenon when they appeared in the southern English countryside in the summers of the 70s. Ever since they seem to have become more and more elaborate. Some people believe the intricate geometric patterns are messages sent from higher intelligence, extraterrestrials, or even time travelers. One Italian inventor, Umberto Baudo, believes crop circles may be meant to impart secrets of new technology and free energy to humanity.

In 1991, a book titled, “Crop Circles: Harbingers of World Change” by Alick Bartholomew was published. It explored the idea that some crop circles could be messages from non-human intelligence from beyond this physical world. Maybe the formations were meant to deliver secrets for new advanced technology. In the book, an English historian and psychic, Isabelle Kingston, suggested that crop circles might reveal a molecular structure or blueprint for a new form of energy that would one day be unraveled by scientists.

It was the same year that two British men came forward to take credit for creating hundreds of crop circles: Doug Bower and Dave Chorley. As more and more crop circles are discovered, the idea that they could be messages from aliens persisted. Crop circles became more and more elaborate, and some believe they can’t all be chalked up to a hoax.

If crop circles are an intended message, then what is it?

In 2008, Umberto Baudo decided to use crop circles as an inspiration, a blueprint for a mechanism that he believed could deliver a source of free energy, similar to the ultimate goals of Nikola Tesla. Baudo’s work, like that of Tesla’s plans for free energy, has remained obscure, but now with a translation from researcher Pedro M. Duarte, we can look at his findings with English captions in the video below.

Baudo recognizes that some crop circles are hoaxes, but among the hundreds of images found, he chose the formations he believes represent authentic energy generating systems. He demonstrates that those formations can operate like the gears of a machine.

“Since 2008 I realized that it is absolutely possible to generate free energy to all of the planet, and instead of having to pay large amounts of money to have in exchange [for] a small amount of energy,” said Baudo.

Umberto Baudo works on a computer simulation showing an “eccentric core”

In Baudo’s first experiments, he attempted to create magnetic motors. The prototypes were arrays of circles based on crop circle formations. His work progressed from magnetic systems to systems using centrifugal force and tested using computer simulations. The simulations allowed him to find out what happens when the shapes are rotated at high speed, generating energy both with and without the variables of gravity and counterweight mechanisms: magnets, springs, and chains.

Baudo believes extraterrestrials chose to communicate with crop circles for a reason.

“It’s important to understand that the Crop Circles are the maximum expression of a message because through an image you can communicate much more than with words without any doubt,” he explains. “…especially if the message [is addressed] to someone that does not speak our language.”

The inventor found that the rotating systems could whirl around an “eccentric core,” shapes he recognizes in many crop circle formations. Spinning around this core, the circular shapes generate momentum.

See Umberto Baudo discuss his experiments with English captions from Pedro M. Duarte below:

In the second part (below), Baudo is convinced that crop circles are meant as examples of using centrifugal force and that he has decoded their meaning. With modifications, including the addition of a spring, he says he has created perfect models that continue to build momentum even after the engine is turned off. All thanks to centrifugal force…

“After some years studying and researching, always with these images in my mind, finally I think I’ve found the key to understand the [main] part of these crop circles. The main key to understand it is fundamentally one: The centrifugal force. Just like that!”

Computer simulation showing ever-increasing energy output as the model spins

The circular gears rotate until the spring slowly reaches full extension.

“The speed will increase, always in a constant way, until the spring achieves its maximum. In that moment [it] will stabilize,” he explains.

Although many people remain skeptical, he believes that these systems can work against the first principle of thermodynamics, that states the total energy of an isolated system is constant. Instead, the engine he simulates continues to accelerate, while the “eccentric core” of the disc appears distorted into an oval shape.

See part 2 below:

 

In part 3, Umberto Baudo has advanced beyond the computer simulations to create the mechanics of the centrifugal motors in three dimensions. We see his team working to test the pieces cut out of metal, and in the latter part of the video in English, he discusses his findings with a man who puts him in contact with experts in America. From here, we are left to wonder what happened next.

Umberto Baudo works on making 3d versions of his computer simulations

What happened to Umberto Baudo’s designs? If he had been successful, surely we would know about it, right? Yet delivering a source of free energy to the world would most likely be met with incredible resistance in a world where economies revolve around monetized methods of energy delivery. Finding a source of unlimited free energy would change the global economy, freeing people from the need to labor endlessly to pay energy bills.

Will Baudo’s ultimate findings remain a mystery, like crop circles? Like Nikola Tesla’s plans to deliver free energy to the people? Are beings with higher intelligence trying to tip the odds in the common person’s favor, allowing us to finally have such technology distributed to everyone worldwide? Or, are we all overly optimistic to think this is even possible? Are crop circles just elaborate hoaxes by people who want to keep our hopes alive?

See part 3 below:

---

• Featured images: Screenshots via YouTube
• Special thanks to Pedro M. Duarte for translating this video

{ https://www.ancient-code.com/ }

Graancirkelgolf in Frankrijk: zoveel mysterieuze formaties zijn er al ontdekt

In Frankrijk is sprake van een heuse graancirkelgolf. In het land zijn in de afgelopen dagen nog een aantal nieuwe formaties ontdekt.

Afgelopen woensdag werd een graanformatie ontdekt in Parcay-Meslay nabij Tours.

Een tweede formatie werd gevonden in een veld van een bedrijf dat gespecialiseerd is in plantaardige olie.

Het bedrijf plaatste foto’s van het curieuze ontwerp op haar Facebookpagina.

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Huilerie Des Petits Clos, Lidon, Chauvigny

vorige vrijdag

+2

Huilerie Des Petits Clos, Lidon, Chauvigny

Boerderij · 265 vind-ik-leuks

 · 28 juni om 19:12 · 

Cette nuit les petits hommes verts nous ont passe une commande d'huile !!🤨 (photos réelle prises dans notre parcelle au Breuil chauvigny )

8

2

11

Op zondag werd een graancirkel ontdekt tussen Houdain en Haillicourt in de regio Hauts-de-France. De formatie werd gemeld door Umberto Molinaro.

Geen einde

Er lijkt maar geen einde te komen aan de graancirkelgolf. Maandag werd er nog een graanformatie gevonden, dit maal nabij Nielles-les-Ardres in Pas-de-Calais:

Tot dusver zijn er in Frankrijk in korte tijd al 11 graancirkels ontdekt. In de komende twee tot drie maanden zullen dat er naar verwachting nog een stuk meer worden.

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Bob Lazar: 30-Year Anniversary of Interview on Area 51

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