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Giant 'UFO mothership' spotted shooting across Earth's sun at 'near light speed', claims UFOlogist

• READ MORE: I'm a pastor who attended a secret UFO disclosure meeting. We saw images of 'translucent beings' that chilled me to the bone... the files could fulfil a dark biblical prophecy 

By STACY LIBERATORE, US SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EDITOR

NASA's probe circling the sun recently captured a mysterious object soaring by.

An image from the Solar Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), taken on October 3, shows the sun releasing coronal streamers, bright, elongated, cusp-like structures in its outer atmosphere.

However, a white, cylinder-shaped object also appears on the right side of the frame, which a UFO researcher hailed as a 'mothership.'

Scott C Waring claimed the alien craft measured about 2.5 miles across and half a mile wide. 

'A ship that large could carry tens of thousands of passengers across the universe in no time,' Waring shared on his site UFO Sightings Daily.

'Also, the ship is using a tractor beam to safely pull three different smaller orb craft with it, which is visible in the photo after I put it into negative format view.'

However, NASA has maintained that it has no evidence of UFOs or extraterrestrial life. 

While the space agency has not acknowledged the object in the image, Waring said the it 'is something NASA will never talk about.' 

A white, cylinder-shaped object appears on the right side of the frame, which a UFO researcher hailed as a 'mothership'

Something that is 100 percent proof that aliens pass through our own solar system daily, while the public is kept in the dark of such things existing,' he continued in the blog post on UFO Sightings Daily.

Waring claimed that the mothership was also traveling 'near the speed of light.'

'Also the ship is using a tractor beam to safely pull three different smaller orb craft with it, which is visible in the photo after I put it into negative format view,' he added.

The UFO researcher compared the size of the 'UFO' to that of 3I/ATLAS, the mysterious interstellar visitor that captivated the world in 2025.

The object is believed to be up to 3.5 miles long, but Harvard professor Avi Loeb, who tracked the 3I/ATLAS extensively, said it 'could be six miles or larger.' 

The object was first identified in July 2025 by the ATLAS telescope network, which looks for objects that might hit Earth.

Loeb considers the interstellar object 3I/ATLAS most likely a natural comet, though he has kept open the possibility of artificial or technological origins due to several unusual features.

Scott C Waring claimed the alien craft measured about 2.5 miles across and half a mile wide

The UFO researcher compared the size of the 'UFO' to that of 3I/ATLAS, the mysterious interstellar visitor that captivated the world in 2025 

Waring said: 'The size and dimensions are similar to comet Atlas which is also a spaceship...but that was suppose to be gone last year...so mark that possibility off, unless it's passing through again as spaceships often change directions and routes.' 

While 3I/ATLAS is billions of miles from Earth, Loeb recently published a report suggesting our Solar System may be far more crowded with interstellar objects, chunks of rock or ice from other star systems, than anyone realized.

He presented new data and calculations in February that indicated roughly 35 million meter-scale interstellar objects are embedded inside Earth's orbit.

This conclusion comes from the detection of two interstellar meteor candidates, CNEOS-22 and CNEOS-25, recorded in 2022 over the Pacific and in 2025 over the Barents Sea in the Arctic.

The objects were small, about six feet and four feet across, but traveling fast enough to exceed the Solar System's escape velocity.

Loeb and his team estimated that such meteors collide with Earth about once every three years, implying a dense population of similar objects around the Sun.

Each meter-scale object could carry roughly three million tons of material, totaling about 220 billion tons within Earth's orbit.

Larger interstellar objects like 3I/ATLAS are far rarer, but their greater mass makes their total contribution similar, suggesting smaller objects may be fragments of bigger bodies.

Loeb said studying this population could reveal how material moves between star systems.

This idea builds on discoveries like the famous 'Oumuamua and comet Borisov, plus newer findings about massive interstellar objects, implying that space is filled with 'interstellar trash' drifting between stars.

The first known interstellar visitor, the object 'Oumuamua, was detected on October 19, 2017, as it passed through the inner Solar System.

Two years later, on August 30, 2019, comet Borisov became the second confirmed interstellar object, traveling on a hyperbolic path that marked it as a visitor from another star system.

With improved observations, including next-generation telescopes and potential space interceptors, scientists could better measure interstellar visitors' properties, origins, and trajectories.

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The researchers also found evidence that three of the studied planets may be somewhat more biologically advanced than mere microbes, including one that may be ahead of Earth from an evolution perspective. However, they said these planets may host life more like what’s depicted in the Dune novels than in James Cameron’s Avatar films.

Search for Extraterrestrial Life on Nearby Planets to Determine “Who is Ahead”

When announcing their findings, the NAU team noted that scientists have long debated the seemingly high likelihood that intelligent life should exist versus the lack of evidence for such advanced extraterrestrial life.

“Physicist Enrico Fermi famously asked, given the high likelihood of intelligent extraterrestrial life in the galaxy, ‘Where are they?’ Doughty explained.

According to the NAU team, one possible explanation is a lack of plant energy that sophisticated lifeforms need to keep evolving. On Earth, warmer, wetter environments support more plant life, providing animals with the fuel they need to evolve. The researchers suspect this may apply on a planetary-wide scale, potentially offering a comparatively wet Earth an evolutionary boost over older, drier planets in our cosmic neighborhood.

“Who is ahead?” Doughty explained. “That is the mystery we are quantitatively trying to solve.”

TRAPPIST-1e and Other Candidates Orbiting Red Dwarf Stars

Unlike Earth, most rocky exoplanets astronomers have discovered orbit smaller, cooler stars called red dwarfs. While many such candidates are billions of years older than Earth, they receive much less solar energy.

Planets within a red dwarf’s habitable zone where liquid water can exist on the surface are also typically tidally locked, meaning one half of the planet never receives direct sunlight. Still, red dwarf stars are the most common type in our galaxy, increasing the chances of finding extraterrestrial life on planets orbiting them.

Study co-author Michael Gowanlock, a NAU associate informatics professor, said that even if photosynthetic life on a planet orbiting a red dwarf had billions of years more than Earth to evolve, it may still trail Earth life from an evolutionary standpoint.

“The total annual photosynthesis is likely lower because there is less light and half the planetary surface area available for photosynthesis,” Gowanlock explained.

To predict the amount of plant energy available for animal evolution on some of the most promising “nearby” life candidate exoplanets, the team modeled TRAPPIST-1e and 28 other exoplanets that may have water within Earth’s cosmic neighborhood. For example, TRAPPIST-1e is 40 light-years from Earth, so conventional rockets would take thousands of years to reach it.

For comparison, the team used the roughly 2.4 x 10²⁵ grams of carbon that were “fixed” on Earth during the 3.2 billion years before more efficient vascular plants evolved. Once plant life began, the team said that 7 x 10²⁵ grams more carbon was fixed before humans evolved.

“Advanced Life on Those Exoplanets Might be More Dune Than Avatar”

After running the simulations, the NAU team determined that TRAPPIST-1e has fixed only 21% of Earth’s carbon “despite being several billion years older than Earth.”

Study coauthor Cameron Hrabak, an NAU alumnus, said this figure, which is less than the amount fixed by the Earth before the evolution of more efficient vascular plants, suggests that TRAPPIST-1e “may only be at the microbial stage of evolution.”

That’s well behind Earth,” Hrabak said.

When they ran the same numbers for the other 28 exoplanets on their life candidate list, they found just two where life had “potentially evolved ahead of Earth’s: GJ 1061c and K2-3d.” Notably, both Earth-like exoplanets are larger, hotter, and brighter than most Earth-like planets discovered in our solar neighborhood.

The models also revealed three other “nearby” planets that could have evolved life to a stage similar to Earth’s Mesozoic, or “roughly equivalent to the age of dinosaurs on Earth.”

When discussing the types of life that might exist on those candidates, Doughty said the expected rain-limited savannah woodland conditions could evolve something one might find Muad Dib riding through the desert rather than something out of James Cameron’s vivid imagination.

“To use two pop culture references, the ecological characteristics that shape advanced life on those exoplanets might be more ‘Dune’ than ‘Avatar,’” Doughty said.

Planets Likely Filled with Microbes “and Not Advanced Aliens”

When discussing the study’s implications, the NAU team cautioned that their figures are only estimates and “not proof” of extraterrestrial life. They also note that the atmospheres around TRAPPIST-1e and other life candidates “would profoundly affect climate, photosynthesis and how life evolved.”

Ongoing efforts by the James Webb Space Telescope may offer additional data on these 29 exoplanets that could help the team further refine their models. However, Doughty said the study’s results do suggest that life on nearby Earth-like planets may be “evolutionarily behind us and still at the microbial stage.”

Which means we can sleep well, because if life on those exoplanets evolved just like on Earth, most of those planets will just be filled with microbes and not advanced aliens,” the team leader concluded. 

• Christopher Plain has spent the last six years as Associate News Editor and Head Science Reporter at The Debrief. Follow and connect with him on X, learn about his novels at plainfiction.com, or email him at christopher@thedebrief.org.

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“The key to defining life is whether something can replicate itself, and whether it can do this autonomously,” said Professor Thorsten Allers of the University of Nottingham’s School of Life Sciences and co-author of the study. “This exciting discovery provides new clues about how simple a living cell can become while remaining capable of reproducing and maintaining its own genetic information.”

About a quarter of the remaining genome encodes unusually large membrane proteins with functions that are not yet fully understood. Similar proteins are found in some parasitic archaea, leading researchers to suspect that Sukunaarchaeum may live as a parasite within or alongside another organism, although its specific host has not been identified.

A Provisional Designation

“Although it has lost almost all of the genes needed to make nutrients and energy, it has kept much of the machinery required to copy its genome and produce proteins from its genetic information,” Allers said. “This suggests that Sukunaarchaeum may be close to the minimum level of genetic information needed for an organism to remain an independent cell.”

While researchers have sequenced the genome of Sukunaarchaeum in great detail, they have never viewed the organism under a microscope. Since researchers have not yet cultured the organism, it carries the provisional designation Candidatus Sukunaarchaeum mirabile. A version of the genome was previously documented in a preprint that circulated for over a year, attracting biologists’ attention before the peer-reviewed paper was actually published.

The Limits of Cellular Life

The team’s next steps will be to determine where Sukunaarchaeum lives, what it uses as a source of nutrients and energy, and how it interacts with a potential host. This could, in turn, help answer the more fundamental question of what constitutes the minimal genetic repertoire for an independent cell to be considered alive.

• Austin Burgess is a writer and researcher with a background in sales, marketing, and data analytics. He holds an MBA, a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration, and a data analytics certification. His work focuses on breaking scientific developments, with an emphasis on emerging biology, cognitive neuroscience, and archaeological discoveries.

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Eyewitness tells Joe Rogan about meeting and communicating through telepathy with an alien, UFO UAP Sighting News.

Now this is interesting. Joe Rogan is shocked to hear about how a person interacted with an alien person in uniform near Quartz Mountain in Nevada, USA. What really strikes me is how he describes the alien with blue white skin and no ears, larger eyes...this person communicated to him speaking in a foreign language but in his head he saw translation and images the person was talking about. He saw images of the tritium material and metal material the alien was requesting help finding. That simple telepathic and oral communication combined is an amazing and important experience for others to learn. 

As I have said before, telepathy works, anyone can do it with practice.  And we are hardwired with this ability, however receiving takes a more powerful person using telepathy for us to clearly see it in our heads. 

Scott C. Waring - UFO Sightings Daily 

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Having sunk to the bottom of the sea when the pyramids were being built, its treasures could have been lost to the sands of time.

But a wave of luck has swept over archeologists after they discovered what is believed to be the world's oldest known shipwreck off Turkey's coast - dating back an astonishing 4,700 years.

The vessel was found near Kekova Island in Antalya and is thought to have sunk between 2600 BC and 2400 BC, around the same time the Great Pyramid of Giza was being built.

Although the ship's wooden hull has long since decayed, divers uncovered a cargo of ancient storage pots and stone anchors resting nearly 100ft (30m) below the surface.

Researchers say the discovery predates the famous Dokos wreck in Greece, previously regarded as the world's oldest known shipwreck.

The archaeologists who found the ship say it was about 32ft (10m) in length and was a trade vessel carrying cargo.

‘The shipwreck is a time capsule at the bottom of the sea,’ Professor Hakan Oniz, from Akdeniz University in Turkey, who led the Mediterranean Archaeology Association expedition, said.

Although the ship's wooden hull has long since decayed, divers uncovered a cargo of ancient storage pots and stone anchors resting nearly 100ft (30m) below the surface

More than 30 ceramic pots called amphorae were identified, along with three stone anchors

The newly identified wreck lies in an area of the Mediterranean that contains several ancient shipwrecks from different periods, including Roman vessels

In total, more than 30 ceramic pots called amphorae were identified at the site, along with three stone anchors.

Experts believe the vessel was a trading ship carrying goods such as olive oil or wine across the eastern Mediterranean.

Analysis of the clay suggests the amphorae were probably produced in workshops in the Jordan Valley before being transported by sea.

Similar vessels have previously been found near the Egyptian pyramids at Giza, Saqqara and Abusir, as well as at Troy and on Crete, hinting at extensive Bronze Age trade networks.

According to the researchers, the ship may have departed from a port on the Levantine coast and been sailing west towards Troy or Crete when disaster struck.

In their study published in the Journal of Maritime Archaeology, the team wrote: ‘Current information suggests that the shipwreck is from a small vessel that sank while sailing east to west during the Early Bronze Age.’

 Analysis of the clay suggests the amphorae were probably produced in workshops in the Jordan Valley before being transported by sea

According to the researchers, the ship may have departed from a port on the Levantine coast and been sailing west towards Troy or Crete when disaster struck

Experts believe the vessel was a trading ship carrying goods such as olive oil or wine across the eastern Mediterranean

Experts described the find as a 'time capsule at the bottom of the sea'. Their discovery suggests sailors may have produced their own food during voyages

Turkey's Culture and Tourism Minister, Mehmet Nuri Ersoy, hailed the find as evidence of the world's oldest shipwreck and said it sheds new light on Anatolia's maritime past.

‘We are bringing to light the traces of the world’s oldest shipwreck,’ he said.

‘Clay analyses indicate that the amphorae were probably produced in workshops in the Jordan Valley.

A diver explores an area off Turkey's coast where archaeologists say the world's oldest shipwreck has been found.

Hakan Öniz

‘The discovery of similar examples in Egypt, Troy and Crete is of great importance for understanding the trade networks that connected different regions by sea.’

He added: ‘Among the finds, one amphora stands out, featuring nine different markings and two holes in its body.

‘Thought to have possibly been used as a churn in cheese or butter production, this vessel offers clues that sailors may have produced their own food during long voyages.’

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They Found a Shipwreck Older Than Rome (And Can't Explain It)

World’s oldest shipwreck discovered off Turkey’s Mediterranean coast

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It is the most printed book of all time, and it's also the most debated. For some, the Bible is a collection of parables: a series of deeply resonant stories, designed to guide you throughout your life. Yet for others it is a historical document, whose power is only enhanced by its factual accuracy.

Jeremiah J Johnston, a New Testament scholar, pastor and writer, has no doubt in his mind as to where the book belongs on his shelves. It is historical fact, he insists.

'For too long, skeptics have claimed that the Gospels are pious legends, faith-based fiction or the mythologized memoirs of early communities,' he writes in The Jesus Discoveries, published earlier this year. 'But nothing could be further from the truth.'

'The Christian faith is grounded in events that occurred in real places, involving real people and leaving real evidence. And with striking clarity, archaeology, textual discoveries and historical records are beginning to tell the story again.'

Johnston, a 45-year-old theologian and author, is a pillar of one of America's largest megachurches – the Prestonwood Baptist Church, in Plano, Texas, which regularly attracts 17,000 people a week.

A lifetime spent investigating Biblical texts has convinced Johnston of the historical accuracy of the book, he told the Daily Mail. And he has set out to explain why.

'The Bible is the most enduring and influential collection of ancient writings known to humanity,' he writes. 'Yet what makes it distinct is not simply its literary value, but the historical claims it makes. It doesn't present itself as myth, fable or detached philosophy.'

And in his 20-plus years of studies, he has since come to find that one relic many believe to be forged is in fact proof of 'the living God in the course of real history.'

An unabashed enthusiast, he peppers his speech with gleeful yelps, telling the Daily Mail that a Roman coin was 'the coolest thing in the world,' and calling the Dead Sea Scrolls 'the most astounding Biblical discovery of all time.'

There remain, of course, many Biblical mysteries yet to be solved.

Chief among them is perhaps the existence or otherwise of Noah's Ark. Johnston is dismissive of claims that the remains of the Ark have been found.

Andrew Jones, who runs Noah’s Ark Scans, caused a stir earlier this year when he discussed his team's work investigating a site in Turkey which for 60 years has been rumored to be the resting place of the Ark.

Jones and his team claimed they have '100 percent confirmed' that the mound is not a natural geological feature but a 'man-made object' below the surface.

'I firmly believe the Durupınar Formation represents the buried remains of Noah's Ark,' Jones told the Daily Mail.

Geologists argue that the boat-shaped mound near Mount Ararat, in eastern Turkey, is natural. But Jones and his supporters claim it could be the remnants of the Biblical boat.

Johnston has been vocal in disavowing Jones's research, saying there was rare unanimity among Bible scholars that the Turkish site was incorrect.

'The one thing all of us get along about is 100 percent certainty this geological formation in eastern Turkey is not the spot of Noah's Ark.'

He said that the scientific techniques Jones was using were inaccurate in a mountainous area, and insisted the Turkish formations were natural.

'The scientific consensus is not even close,' he said in a YouTube video in April. 'I'm talking about conservative, moderate – but even liberal, atheist, agnostic archaeologists all know that this is just to sell books. This is sensationalism that catches fire because Christians want it to be true.'

Yet he remained adamant that the discoveries he documented were, indeed, proof of the Bible's accuracy. 

'Stones are still speaking. Inscriptions are still uncovered,' he writes. 'Manuscripts, ossuaries, graffiti and government records - all are emerging from the dust of time and converging with the Gospels' witness.

'These findings don't replace Scripture, but they do reinforce and illuminate it. And they help us see the figure of Jesus in sharper historical focus.'

The Shroud of Turin

Johnston arrived in Britain to study the New Testament at Middlesex University. The PhD student started out as a Turin Shroud skeptic, believing it was a medieval forgery as others had told him.

But he has since changed his mind and become one of the foremost advocates for the authenticity of the cloth – convinced it is the very shroud which covered the body of Jesus when he was taken down from the cross.

Johnston dismisses claims that the cloth is a forgery, arguing that the analyzed samples of the material, which were not taken from the center of the fabric but rather plucked from the edges, where it had been patched up, put its authenticity into question.

Certainly, there is no debate that the shroud has been altered.

It first emerged in France in around 1355, when it was put on display in a church in the village of Lirey, 120 miles southeast of Paris. The cloth was moved to the city of Chambery in 1502 and was damaged in a fire 30 years later. Nuns of the Poor Clares of Chambéry did their best to salvage the cloth over a two-week period that included much mending – and prayer.

Ultimately, in 1578, the relic was moved to a cathedral in the northern Italian city of Turin, where it remains to this day.

In 1988, scientists from three countries – teams from the British Museum, the University of Arizona and the Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule in Zurich – carbon dated postage stamp-sized segments of the cloth.

The scientific methods measuring the remaining radioactive carbon inside the material all concluded the pieces date back to medieval times.

The scientists insisted that the samples came from the main part of the cloth.

But Johnston does not accept this as fact.

He further argues in the book that the marks on the cloth are AB-type blood stains – a blood type common to at least 11 percent of Middle Eastern Jews, of which Jesus was one.

He claims there are high levels of bilirubin in the marks, the yellow pigment in bile, which he suggests shows trauma at the time of death, noting that anyone attempting a medieval forgery, even if they did paint in blood, would not be aware of the significance.

To bolster his case that the fabric came from the Middle East, Johnston notes that an Eidgenoessische criminologist and botanist, Max Frei-Sulzer, concluded in the 1970s that the shroud bore traces of 58 different species, many of which exist in the area around Jerusalem -including gundelia tournefortii – a thistle from the daisy family, and anthemis, or chamomile.

Frei-Sulzer's methods have been questioned, but the scientist, who died in 1983, has not been discredited.

Johnston claims the shroud shows signs of an intense explosion of light, which he claims is 'proof' of the resurrection.

He calls it 'a supernatural eruption that left evidence scorched into the very fabric of his burial shroud.'

Johnston writes: 'The shroud may be the photographic negative of the single most explosive event in the history of creation: the moment when death itself lost its sting and life eternal burst forth from a dark tomb.'

Courtesy of Jeremiah J Johnston

The Sudarium of Oviedo

Johnston told the Daily Mail that the sudarium, a Latin word describing a sweat cloth, or face towel, used to wipe the face of a recently-deceased person, was 'the nail in the coffin' for the 1988 carbon dating of the Turin Shroud.

He argues that the linen cloth, moved from the Middle East to Spain in around 600AD, features corresponding marks to the Turin Shroud. And he claims that both the Turin Shroud and the sudarium have marks made by the same blood type, AB. Furthermore, he argues that the stains bear traces of lung fluid, expelled when a person is crucified.

'I love the second cloth because I feel like nobody talks about it,' he told the Daily Mail. 'I feel like this has just been lost.

'And I think it's such a huge piece of the Shroud of Turin, and I mean, it's mentioned in the Bible as well.'

Critics, however, say the evidence that it was actually placed on Jesus's face is flimsy.

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Say cheese! NASA reveals stunning image of giant ‘cosmic smile’ created by warped spacetime

By WILIAM HUNTER, SENIOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY REPORTER

NASA has revealed a stunning image of a giant 'cosmic smile' created by the warping of spacetime.

This bizarre portrait was captured by NASA and the European Space Agency using the Hubble Space Telescope.

It shows the galaxy cluster SDSS J1038+4849, located 4.5 billion light-years from Earth in the constellation Ursa Major.

Strangely, you can clearly make out two glowing orange eyes, a white button nose, and a broad sparkling smile stretching across a vast expanse of space.

NASA explains: 'In the case of this "happy face", the two eyes are very bright galaxies, and the misleading smile lines are actually arcs caused by an effect known as strong gravitational lensing.'

Galaxy clusters are some of the most massive objects in the universe, containing hundreds of individual galaxies, and exert such a powerful gravitational pull that it warps spacetime around them.

This effect, originally predicted by Albert Einstein, means that light from distant objects bends as it passes through an optical lens.

In some rare cases, that creates a brilliant circle known as an Einstein Ring that can look just like a glowing celestial grin.

NASA has revealed a stunning image of a giant 'cosmic smile' created by the warping of spacetime

According to Einstein's theory of relativity, objects with enough mass can warp and stretch the fabric of spacetime around them – like a bowling ball on a trampoline.

When light enters these warped regions, it follows the curve of spacetime so that it appears to bend.

While this happens on a small scale around smaller objects like planets and suns, the more massive the object, the more dramatically light is bent.

Around some of the most massive objects in the universe, that effect is so strong it can be seen through our telescopes as gravitational lensing.

Einstein rings, like the one that makes this cosmic smile, are a special case of gravitational lensing produced when a distant light source is perfectly aligned with a powerful gravitational lens and the observer.

This precise alignment allows the light to bend symmetrically around the massive source of gravity to appear as a ring-like structure.

Gravitational lensing doesn't always produce such perfect illusions, and the results vary depending on how the object, lens, and observer line up.

Just like glasses lenses, strong gravitational fields can warp or magnify passing light, even producing multiple images of a single object.

The gravitational pull of extremely massive objects, such as galaxy clusters like MACS0416 (pictured), warps and stretches spacetime around them 

Bent spacetime causes light to curve around massive objects, sometimes producing multiple distorted images of a distant object. In this image, the light of a distant supernova has been split into four images, in an effect known as an Einstein Cross

WHAT IS GRAVITATIONAL LENSING?

Gravitational lensing occurs when a massive galaxy or cluster of galaxies bend the light emitted from a more distant galaxy.

This forms a highly magnified, though much distorted image.

This is because massive objects bend the spacetime around them, making light travel in a different path.

This theory was first proposed by Einstein in his theory of General Relativity.

In 2014, for example, astronomers used the Hubble Space Telescope to look at the galaxy cluster MACS J1149.6+2223, located about five billion light-years from Earth.

With the additional mass of a huge galaxy embedded in the cluster, light coming from an exploding star known as Supernova Refsdal, about 9.3 billion light-years away, was warped and stretched.

Gravitational lensing created four identical copies of the supernova arranged around the galaxy, creating a structure known as an Einstein Cross.

Rings and lensing effects like these were critical in proving that Einstein's theories about spacetime were actually correct.

However, they are now helping astronomers to probe the most distant reaches of the universe.

One possibility astronomers are now exploring is using gravitational lensing to measure the mass of stars.

If they know where a distant bright object should appear, astronomers can look past the edge of a star and measure how much the light is being bent.

Scientists use gravitational lensing to look at light from extremely distant objects, such as Earendel (pictured), the most distant star ever observed at 12.9 billion light-years from Earth 

This method was first used in 2023 to measure the mass of a single, isolated white dwarf, revealing that it was 56 per cent as large as our sun.

Because gravitational lensing can amplify light from distant objects, it also allows space telescopes to see much further than they normally would be capable of.

In 2022, scientists used Hubble and the James Webb Space Telescope to peer through a gravitational lens at a single star located 12.9 billion light-years away.

Known as Earendel, this is the most distant single star ever observed, and its light started travelling towards Earth when the universe was less than one billion years old.

EINSTEIN'S GENERAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY

Albert Einstein

In 1905, Albert Einstein determined that the laws of physics are the same for all non-accelerating observers, and that the speed of light in a vacuum was independent of the motion of all observers - known as the theory of special relativity.

This groundbreaking work introduced a new framework for all of physics, and proposed new concepts of space and time.

He then spent 10 years trying to include acceleration in the theory, finally publishing his theory of general relativity in 1915.

This determined that massive objects cause a distortion in space-time, which is felt as gravity.

At its simplest, it can be thought of as a giant rubber sheet with a bowling ball in the centre.

Pictured is the original historical documents related to Einstein's prediction of the existence of gravitational waves, shown at the Hebrew university in Jerusalem

As the ball warps the sheet, a planet bends the fabric of space-time, creating the force that we feel as gravity.

Any object that comes near to the body falls towards it because of the effect.

Einstein predicted that if two massive bodies came together it would create such a huge ripple in space time that it should be detectable on Earth.

It was most recently demonstrated in the hit film film Interstellar.

In a segment that saw the crew visit a planet which fell within the gravitational grasp of a huge black hole, the event caused time to slow down massively.

Crew members on the planet barely aged while those on the ship were decades older on their return.

NASA Sunspots Create Smiling Face in Space!

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This Man Claims Aliens Can Move Humans Through Solid Walls Using Quantum Phenomenon, Says Eight Military Veterans Reported Abductions

A UFO researcher who spent more than four decades investigating mysterious objects near U.S. nuclear weapons facilities has made an extraordinary claim that non-human entities can move themselves and abducted humans through solid walls, closed doors, and windows as if these physical barriers do not exist.

Robert Hastings, the author of UFOs & Nukes, believes the process might involve an unknown quantum phenomenon, although he admits that he does not understand how such technology would work. What makes his account even stranger is that Hastings claims he has personally experienced repeated alien abductions, while several military veterans he interviewed during his investigations have reported similar encounters.

During a March 2025 interview on The Good Trouble Show with Matt Ford, Hastings discussed his experiences with alleged non-human intelligences, including an encounter in which he woke up to find a small, Grey-type entity standing beside his bed. He also described the experience of former U.S. Air Force officer Robert Salas, who claimed that mysterious beings levitated him through a closed bedroom window and took him aboard a spacecraft in 1985.

Hastings insists that such encounters are physical events rather than psychological fantasies or delusions, although no independently verified scientific evidence has established that these abductions occurred.

His book, UFOs & Nukes: Extraordinary Encounters at Nuclear Weapons Sites, examines incidents reported at bases such as Malmstrom, Minot, F.E. Warren, Ellsworth, and Vandenberg. The accounts include objects allegedly hovering over missile silos, interference with military communications, and nuclear weapons systems becoming temporarily inoperable during reported UFO activity.

One of the best-known cases involves Malmstrom Air Force Base in Montana, where ten Minuteman nuclear missiles assigned to Echo Flight unexpectedly went offline on March 16, 1967. Military documents confirm that the missiles experienced a significant technical failure, but the suggestion that a UFO caused it comes from witness accounts and remains disputed.

Former Air Force officers, including Robert Salas, have also described a separate incident involving Oscar Flight, where a reddish, unidentified object was reportedly observed near a missile launch control facility around the time of additional missile problems. Hastings has spent years collecting testimony relating to these incidents and believes the repeated reports suggest that unidentified objects have shown an unusual interest in humanity’s most destructive weapons.

On September 27, 2010, Hastings helped organize a press conference at the National Press Club in Washington, D.C., where seven former Air Force personnel publicly discussed UFO incidents involving nuclear weapons. The event attracted attention because the witnesses had served in positions connected with highly sensitive military facilities, although their testimony did not independently establish extraterrestrial involvement. Hastings believes some of the alleged incidents suggest that unknown objects were capable of interfering with missile systems, raising questions about the security of weapons designed to operate under extremely strict military control.

There have also been reports of unusual experiences at nuclear weapons facilities that go beyond conventional UFO sightings. An anonymous Reddit user known as BumblebeeExpensive claimed to have worked for six years at a now-closed nuclear weapons storage depot in Nevada.  The individual described witnessing unexplained lights, an unidentified figure apparently disappearing from the roof of a structure, strange sounds, and three mutilated donkeys reportedly discovered near the installation.

For Hastings, however, the mystery eventually became deeply personal. He explained that in August 1988, he went camping with approximately 15 people in the mountains near Albuquerque, New Mexico. Something happened that night which convinced him that he and two other members of the group had been abducted by non-human entities. He did not provide a detailed reconstruction of the alleged abduction in the interview, but said the experience shocked him because he had never expected to become personally involved in the phenomenon he had spent years investigating.

At the time, Hastings was already familiar with alien abduction research by figures such as Budd Hopkins and Harvard psychiatrist John Mack. Nevertheless, he said that reading about such accounts was entirely different from believing he had experienced one himself.

According to Hastings, the encounters continued through the late 1980s, the 1990s, and into the following decades. He decided not to discuss them publicly because he feared that admitting to alien abductions would damage his credibility and undermine his ongoing work with military veterans who had reported UFO encounters at nuclear weapons sites.

That decision began to change after Hastings was diagnosed with a serious heart condition in 2017. He explained that his uncertain health made him reconsider whether he wanted to leave his personal experiences undisclosed. Hastings subsequently learned that his colleague Robert Jacobs, a former Air Force officer associated with the famous Big Sur UFO incident, also claimed to have experienced alien abductions. The two researchers collaborated on the 2019 book Confession: Our Hidden Alien Encounters Revealed, in which they described experiences they believed involved physical contact with non-human beings.

One of Hastings’ most disturbing alleged encounters occurred on December 31, 2014. He says he woke from a deep sleep and raised his head from the pillow, only to discover a strange figure standing at the foot of his bed. The entity was approximately four feet tall, with a large, bulbous head and an extremely thin body. Hastings could see only its silhouette, illuminated by light coming from a nearby bathroom, and could not make out its facial features. Nevertheless, he believed it resembled the beings commonly described in alien abduction accounts as Greys.

Hastings recalled that he was about to scream because he believed the entity was preparing to take him somewhere. He associated the situation with previous experiences he interpreted as abductions, but before he could react, his next awareness was of lying back on his pillow with bright sunlight entering the room.

Several hours appeared to have passed, and he had no clear memory of what happened during that interval. Hastings said that, as far as he could recall, this was his last such experience, although he could not rule out the possibility of events he no longer remembered.

His personal encounters are only one part of the story. In the 2025 interview, Hastings said that seven of the 167 military veterans he considered his principal UFO research sources had also reported experiences they interpreted as alien abductions. Among them were Robert Salas and Robert Jacobs, both connected with well-known military UFO cases.

Salas described an alleged abduction that occurred in California in 1985, nearly two decades after his reported involvement in the Malmstrom missile incidents. According to Hastings, Salas was lying in bed with his wife when the bedroom suddenly filled with a bright blue light. As Salas attempted to sit up and investigate, he found himself unable to move. Small figures allegedly entered the room, lifted him from the bed, and carried him toward a closed window, through which he claims he was transported without the glass being broken or physically opened.

Hastings said Salas was subsequently taken aboard a craft and subjected to a painful physical examination before being returned to bed. Salas publicly discussed his abduction account in 2013, although parts of his recollection had also been explored through hypnosis, a method that cannot reliably establish whether recovered memories describe real events. Hastings nevertheless considers the account significant because similar descriptions of people passing through solid objects appear in other alleged abduction cases.

Explaining how such an event might be possible, Hastings suggested that an unknown quantum phenomenon could be involved. He believes some entities can move through walls, doors, and windows while also transporting human beings through these barriers. Quantum physics does describe unusual behavior at microscopic scales, including quantum tunneling, in which particles can pass through barriers that classical physics would normally prevent them from crossing.

Another account Hastings discussed involves former Air Force security policeman Mario Woods, who was stationed at Ellsworth Air Force Base in South Dakota in 1977. Woods claimed that he and a fellow security officer responded to an alarm at a Minuteman missile site and encountered an enormous spherical object hovering at a low altitude.

According to Hastings, Woods described the object as being approximately the size of a large department store, and both men allegedly experienced a sensation of suffocation inside their vehicle. Woods later described seeing small shadowy figures, while additional alleged abduction details emerged during hypnosis. Hastings acknowledged that he could not explain why certain military personnel reported such experiences or whether their presence at nuclear facilities was connected.

The number of military abduction accounts collected by Hastings increased in 2025 following his correspondence with former Air Force security policeman Richard L. Barth. On November 16, 2025, Hastings published a detailed account of Barth’s alleged encounter, which reportedly occurred at Vandenberg Air Force Base in September 1964.

Hastings said Barth contacted him in October 2025 after watching an earlier interview, and provided a military discharge document confirming that he had served at Vandenberg with the 4392nd Combat Defense Squadron. The records supported Barth’s military assignment, although they did not independently verify his claimed encounter.

Barth stated that he was guarding an unarmed Minuteman missile being prepared for a future test launch when he noticed a human-shaped figure approaching through dense fog around 2 a.m. The figure appeared to be dressed in military clothing, including a raincoat and garrison cap.

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As it approached, Barth reportedly felt that something was entering his mind and taking control of his body. He attempted to reach for his pistol but discovered that his arm would not move. Terrified, he retreated into the small guard shack before apparently losing consciousness.

When Barth regained awareness, he claimed to be inside a dark room with an opening in the floor through which he could see another missile installation from above. He described four small beings sitting nearby, with large heads, large eyes, and short necks. The figures seemed to be observing him, but he could not clearly distinguish their features. Barth later recalled finding himself back inside the guard shack, resting with his head on the lap of a human-looking figure that allegedly communicated with him telepathically.

According to Barth, the entity apologized for frightening him and explained that its group was gathering information about nuclear missile installations because it wanted to prevent humanity from destroying the planet in a nuclear war. The most extraordinary part of the alleged message concerned the existence of multiple non-human species operating on Earth. Barth claimed he was told that some were less benevolent than others and that an agreement among these groups restricted their interference in human affairs unless humanity threatened the planet’s survival.

Following Barth’s account, Hastings updated his research figures, stating that among 169 military veterans he had interviewed about UFO incidents involving nuclear weapons systems, eight had also reported abduction experiences. This is an increase from the 167 principal sources and seven alleged abductees he mentioned in his March 2025 interview.

Hastings also noted that two veterans had independently described human-looking figures in military-style uniforms apparently working alongside beings resembling Greys. These are separate witness accounts rather than independently established encounters, but Hastings believes their similarities warrant further investigation.

On March 11, 2026, Barth and Hastings appeared together on The Good Trouble Show, where they discussed the alleged Vandenberg encounter, telepathic communication, and the reported warning about nuclear war. The discussion returned to the same question Hastings has pursued for decades: why have so many UFO reports involved locations connected with nuclear weapons, and why have some of the individuals stationed at these facilities later reported encounters with non-human entities?

Hastings’ interests have also expanded beyond traditional spacecraft sightings and humanoid abduction accounts. In June 2026, he published an article concerning reports of luminous, plasma-like objects that witnesses believed were intelligent. One woman, identified under the pseudonym Amanda, described a reddish-orange glowing orb that allegedly communicated directly with her mind during an encounter in 1992.

Hastings said he was collecting similar reports for a new book, Strange Encounters: The Spectrum of Alien Contact with Humans, which would examine encounters involving different alleged types of extraterrestrial or interdimensional entities.

Hastings acknowledges that many people who accept military UFO reports remain unwilling to consider alien abductions as part of the same phenomenon. He argues that dismissing such experiences overlooks an important part of the accounts collected from military witnesses, including individuals who worked around nuclear weapons.

While the physical reality of these extraordinary claims remains unproven, Hastings maintains that the accounts cannot be separated from his wider investigation into the relationship between UFOs and nuclear weapons.

{ https://howandwhys.com/ }

“Whereas previous studies have typically asked general questions about whether AI actually has mental states, our study is the first to directly compare how people attribute the same mental states to AI and humans behaving in the same way, under identical circumstances,” Longin said in a statement.

“We may be using mental terms to refer to AI, but this may only be because we lack better words,” says Ophelia Deroy, a philosopher and a senior author of the study. “After all, AI is trained to act and speak like a human, so these descriptions seem natural,” she adds.

The Experiment

In their study, the research team sought to understand how people attribute awareness and consciousness to AI compared with humans, testing nearly 1,100 participants, asking them to evaluate the awareness of artificial agents or humans described in scenarios involving reactions to sounds and other people’s emotions. Participants were also asked to rate how conscious or aware the individuals or AI systems were of their surroundings.

The results suggested that the more responsive an AI system or human was to its surroundings, the more aware participants judged it to be. However, among the team’s experimental findings was that even the most responsive AI was considered less conscious than the least responsive human.

Judgments of awareness, by contrast, were similar for AI and humans.

“There is a growing worry in public discussion that people will see AI behaving in a human-like way and start treating these systems as if they had human-like mental states,” said Longin, the study’s lead author. “We found something much more nuanced: People are quite willing to say that an AI notices things and is aware of its surroundings. But they clearly draw a line when it comes to the term ‘consciousness’. People consistently attribute less consciousness to AI than humans – even when their behavior is identical.”

Aware, but Not Conscious?

“Our study teaches us lessons for how we communicate about AI,” says Bahador Bahrami, who is also a senior author of the study and an expert in social neuroscience.

“Companies and journalists often reach for hyped descriptions of AI models, and credit them with intentions, plans, or even moral conscience and hesitation,” Bahrami says. “What our study shows is that everyday judgements are much more discriminating: People do not simply put AI and humans on the same mental scale. But the boundary also depends on which terms we use. For more neutral descriptors such as ‘awareness’, the distinction can largely disappear. That makes our choice of language important.”

The study does not establish whether AI systems actually experience consciousness. Instead, it examines how humans interpret and describe the behavior of AI compared with that of other humans.

Overall, its findings suggest that people are more comfortable describing AI as “aware” than as “conscious,” even when the underlying behavior is the same. However, this raises another possibility: Could humans be projecting their own understanding of consciousness onto AI?

What is Consciousness?

Defining consciousness has long challenged philosophers and scientists, particularly when attempting to distinguish between human awareness and the increasingly sophisticated behavior of artificial intelligence.

Julia Mossbridge, a neuroscientist, Senior Distinguished Fellow in AI, Mind and Society at Florida Atlantic University, and co-author of Transcendent Mind: Rethinking the Science of Consciousness (2017), told The Debrief that the difficulty lies partly in the absence of a universally accepted definition of consciousness.

“If by consciousness we mean a self-based structure (like the ego) that relates to the contents of awareness, as Jung thought, then the difference between AI consciousness and human consciousness has three parts: differences in what the ego might be made out of (mental stuff for humans vs. math for AI), differences in what the contents of awareness might feel like (sensory experiences for humans vs. motivations for AI), and differences in the relationship between the ego and the contents of awareness (driven by the unconscious for humans vs. driven by code for AI).”

Mossbridge points to research examining different definitions of consciousness, including one that focuses on observable behavior.

“Imants Baruss, my co-author on Transcendent Mind, did a meta-analysis of the different definitions of consciousness — in the end, he found five of them. One was the sense of “awareness” used here — he called it ‘behavioral consciousness,’ meaning that something or someone looks (from the outside) as if it is aware of its environment.

“When we see an ant walk around a puddle, we say to ourselves, ‘That ant is aware of the puddle and is avoiding it.’ I think this is the kind of consciousness people feel comfortable attributing to machines, because it’s easy to imagine how it works,” Mossbridge adds.

Meanwhile, some argue that the debate over AI consciousness may be influencing how humans understand their own minds.

“For me, the main tension is not necessarily whether AI is conscious on its own merits; it’s that we seem to need to reduce and devalue human consciousness to fit AI into a narrow (and suspiciously convenient) model of what it means to be conscious,” said Peter John, a Toronto-based existential educator, philosophical consultant, and mentor who explores questions of meaning, identity, consciousness, and psychology through his philosophical platform Yepicurus,

“So in this sense, yes, we are projecting, and not just projecting—but shaping the landscape to lend credibility to the claim that AI is conscious,” John told The Debrief in an email. “And it’s understandable why people resist this. They may see it as an incursion into the last frontier that is truly sacred: that we are beings, not things.

“Things can be clever, but only beings can have subjective experience. ‘Awareness’ itself is a concession because it may imply subjective experience, but it may be less intuitively offensive to people than saying consciousness.”

Ultimately, the debate raises a more fundamental question: How can we determine whether AI is conscious when we have yet to reach a universally accepted definition of consciousness itself? While the new findings reveal how people distinguish between awareness and consciousness in machines, they also highlight the limitations of our understanding of both.

The study, “AI is not as conscious as humans: Essentialism in mental state attributions to artificial systems,” was published in the journal Cognition.

• Chrissy Newton is a PR professional and the founder of VOCAB Communications. She currently appears on The Discovery Channel and Max and hosts the Rebelliously Curious podcast, which can be found on YouTube and on all audio podcast streaming platforms. Follow her on X: @ChrissyNewton, Instagram: @BeingChrissyNewton, and chrissynewton.com. To contact Chrissy with a story, please email chrissy @ thedebrief.org.

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{ https://thedebrief.org/category/science/ }

In 1911, the Olympic was the largest ship in the world, until a collision with a Navy cruiser damaged its hull and reportedly bent its keel. Its owner, J. P. Morgan, faced a costly repair bill and struggled to find anyone willing to cover the damage. 

But the Olympic had an almost identical sister ship sitting unfinished in a Belfast shipyard: the Titanic. According to the theory, the two ships were secretly switched over an empty weekend, and the insurance coverage on the supposedly damaged vessel was increased to $12.5 million. 

Morgan cancelled his suite aboard the Titanic, as did dozens of his associates. Meanwhile, three of the wealthiest men in America, John Jacob Astor IV, Isidor Straus, and Benjamin Guggenheim, were invited and boarded the ship and died during its sinking. 

It is worth noting that these three men are often portrayed in theories as standing between Morgan and the creation of a central bank. Morgan was one of the most influential bankers in the United States, and the financial system in which he operated played a significant role in creating political pressure for banking reform. In the aftermath of the disaster, the theory suggests, the removal of these alleged opponents helped clear the way for the establishment of the U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed). 

The Why Files examines persistent historical theories surrounding the Titanic disaster of April 15, 1912. This investigation explores long-standing allegations of insurance fraud, a possible vessel switch, and the hidden motives of powerful financiers, examining the evidence to determine how much truth lies behind these enduring maritime mysteries.

 

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{ https://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

EXCLUSIVE - I was secretly poisoned by my husband and died. Then I met Jesus and made a shocking discovery in heaven

By CHRIS MELORE, US DEPUTY SCIENCE EDITOR

A wife and mother in California claims that a murder plot by her husband led to a divine encounter with the Holy Spirit that changed her perception of heaven.

Ana Christina told the Daily Mail she filed for divorce from her husband, 'Sam,' in December 2008 but had forgotten to cancel her million-dollar life insurance policy. 

Ana Christina, who changed her and her children's names to protect their identities, believed this was the motivation that drove Sam to attempt to kill her weeks later.

Before moving out of their Irvine, California home, Sam allegedly began lacing Christina's coffee with rat poison, which caused her to grow increasingly sick until she woke up paralyzed on January 9, 2009.

As she lay sick, Ana Christina, who was 49 at the time, said Jesus arrived in the bedroom to escort her spirit into the afterlife, reuniting her with her late sister Nadia in heaven. Nadia had died by suicide at the age of 35.

Seeing her sister was like a sigh of relief, as Christina had always wondered where Nadia would end up because of the church's teachings about suicide.

'Because at church, they tell you [if] you commit suicide, it's a sin, it's an unforgivable sin, and I discovered that it's not,' said Christina.

Christina claims that when she returned from the afterlife hours after the attack began, she was miraculously cured of the poisoning. This shocked Sam, she said, and motivated him to quickly flee the US after police chose not to investigate her claims.

Ana Christina told the Daily Mail she returned from what she considered the afterlife healed after she was allegedly poisoned by her ex-husband

'I believe it's a blessing in disguise that he just left the country,' Christina told the Daily Mail.

'Because if he had done time for an attempted murder... he would have gotten about 10 years. And then, he would be out in the streets, taking revenge. But him fleeing the country and being away, I don't have to live watching my back.'

Christina was the breadwinner of the family when she and Sam agreed to amicably divorce in 2008.

However, Sam was the beneficiary of the life insurance policy Christina forgot to cancel when they filed the paperwork to end their marriage.

While Sam stayed in their home for three more weeks while the divorce was finalized, Christina claimed he began to slip rat poison into her coffee, causing her to gradually become deathly ill.

'I believe he started putting it in my coffee every day. Little by little, that's how I didn't notice, and that's when my body started to break down. I started getting sick, and I had to stay at home for a long time,' Christina said.

After receiving a call in early January 2009 that her brother overseas had fallen ill, Christina booked a flight for an extended visit, but she alleged that before she could leave, Sam prepared her favorite meal and laced it with a massive dose of poison. 

Christina said she met her late sister (left) who had died by suicide in the afterlife, changing her view on what the Christian faith teaches about self-harm

By that night, Christina said the poison left her fully paralyzed in bed, comparing the pain she felt in her body to a sledgehammer breaking her bones.

That is when she said she heard a clear divine voice, telling her she was dying but this would not be the end. 

She claimed that Sam found her in the bedroom the next morning unable to move, powerless to stop him from forcing Xanax down her throat through her locked teeth. 

As Christina said she felt her body die while being suffocated, she told the Daily Mail it was like removing a heavy coat as her spirit left her body on the floor.

There was no darkness or sense of an ending, Christina continued, revealing that she then saw Jesus, who extended his hand to escort her into the afterlife.

Later she was reunited with her parents and Nadia.  

'You know, God is a very compassionate God, a very loving God that understands what we go through and does not judge us the way we judge each other. He's a very compassionate Lord, and he knew what Nadia was going through,' Christina said.

Christina (left) claimed she also encountered her mother (right) during her near-death experience

Her family urged her toward a banquet she had seen in the afterlife, but she said she would be pulled back to Earth before she could join them.

Still in shock, Christina claimed she could not speak but used hand gestures to signal to Sam that she knew what he had tried to do. 

'The look on his face was just priceless. You can just imagine. This man thought he finished me off. I'm done. I think it took him about eight hours to finish me off, and here I am, as strong as a horse in front of him,' Christina recalled. 

Christina revealed that she and her children have moved on from the incident, and Sam left the US within a year of the alleged attack and their divorce.

Although she was a Christian before her near-death experience, she said the experience completely changed her relationship with God.

'I was actually a born-again Christian before my encounter. But I was nothing like what I am now,' Christina explained.

Her experience even spurred her to set up her own ministry in Africa, with all the proceeds of the book she wrote about her encounter, My Sweet Encounter With Death, going to support that church.

Christina's claims about the incident were met with skepticism, even from her own children, leading authorities to side with Sam and call for a psychiatric evaluation for his alleged victim.

Christina said the near-death experience was a blessing. Her ex-husband fled the country, allowing her and her daughters to carry on with their lives 

However, two months after her January 2009 near-death experience, Christina said she underwent a full forensic hair analysis that found dangerously high levels of the rat poison ingredient barium in her body.

The levels were up to 2,700 times higher than the medically safe limit, she said.  Christina believed God left that amount in her body as a sign that her claims were factual.

Christina said she took the results to the Irvine Police Department, asking them to open an investigation, but was turned away.

The Irvine Police Department has told the Daily Mail it is looking into the circumstances that led detectives not to pursue the case.

{ https://www.dailymail.com/sciencetech/index.html }

NASA astronaut cites biblical warning as proof that UFOs are 'demonic' 

• READ MORE: I attended a secret UFO meeting preparing Christians for 'the truth' and saw shape-shifting beings. Trump's files hide a clue to where these 'aliens' come from

By STACY LIBERATORE, US SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EDITOR

A former NASA astronaut has issued a chilling claim that UFOs are demonic beings rather than extraterrestrials, citing a warning in the Bible as proof.

Charles Duke, who served as lunar module pilot on Apollo 16 in 1972, shared his belief with the Christian Broadcasting Network (CBN), pointing to 2 Corinthians 11:14 in the Bible. 

'The Lord says what we're seeing is real, but the devil can appear as an angel of light, the Bible says,' Duke said. 

He claimed UFOs were drawing people away from their faith and encouraging them to pursue supposed alien beings. 'UFOs are trying to turn us away from the truth,' he said. 'They're demonic.'

Duke, 91, said he had long held this belief, recalling a moment when he prayed to God for a sign to confirm his suspicions.

He asked for something specific: that a close friend, a businessman who never discussed such topics, would bring up UFOs at breakfast the following morning.

According to Duke, that is exactly what happened. 'Charlie, come on over. I want to start talking to you about UFOs,' he recalled his friend saying.

Duke interpreted the exchange as an answer to his prayer, reinforcing his belief that the phenomena have a demonic origin.

Charles Duke, who served as lunar module pilot on Apollo 16 in 1972, discussed his belief about UFOs, saying they are demonic and are leading people away from Christianity

Duke’s comments echo 2 Corinthians 11:14, which says: 'And no wonder, for even Satan disguises himself as an angel of light.'

In the surrounding passage, the Apostle Paul warns believers about false apostles and deceitful workers who present themselves as representatives of Christ.

Duke appeared to apply that warning about deceptive appearances to UFOs, suggesting that supposed extraterrestrial visitors could conceal a demonic identity and draw people away from their faith.

Religious interpretations of UFOs have also been voiced by Vice President JD Vance and conservative commentator Tucker Carlson.

Vance has said he believes in supernatural phenomena and suggested that a powerful being that harms humans could be understood as a demon, while one that helps them might be seen as an angel.

He argued that such beings could appear indistinguishable from technologically advanced extraterrestrials to a human observer.

Speaking on The Joe Rogan Experience podcast in 2024, Carlson said: 'They're from here, and they've been here for thousands of years, whatever they are.'

'And it's pretty clear to me that they're "spiritual entities,"' he continued, 'whatever that means.'

Charles Duke cited the verse that says the devil can appear as an angel of light, which he interprets as being UFOs seen in the skies

Apollo 16 was NASA's 10th crewed Apollo mission and the fifth human landing on the moon, launching on April 16, 1972, and returning on April 27, 1972. Above is Duke saluting the flag on the moon

While the belief that UFOs are demonic is gaining traction, Father Lee Taylor, who leads three churches in North Wales, told the Daily Mail that several passages of Scripture suggest the mysterious objects in our skies are better understood as non-human intelligence than demonic beings.

He pointed to Genesis' description of humanity as God's supreme creation on Earth, Ezekiel's vision of the 'wheel within a wheel,' and Jesus' statement in John 14:2 that 'in my Father's house are many rooms.'

Taylor said the Church should begin examining those passages now, arguing that Christians need to prepare theologically for the possibility of non-human intelligence before any official confirmation sparks confusion or fear.

He believes the discovery of intelligent life beyond Earth would not undermine Christianity, but instead expand humanity's understanding of God's creation.

'A bigger universe, or the discovery of a bigger universe, doesn't make God smaller,' Taylor, who has been ordained for 15 years, said. 'It just makes creation bigger.'

'I don't think it's a challenge to faith. I think it's a challenge to the limits of our theological imagination,' he added. 'I think a larger universe demands a larger theology.'

He also urged fellow Christians to reconsider the belief that UFOs are demonic, warning that it encourages people to respond with fear rather than to approach the phenomenon with an open mind. 

'I don't think it's the most helpful framework for discussing an unknown phenomenon. It can encourage people to project fear or certainty onto something we don't yet understand,' Taylor said.

He argued that, if intelligent life exists beyond Earth, 'there's no reason to assume that every other form of intelligence would fit neatly into categories of absolute good or absolute evil.' Instead, he believes such beings would likely reflect the same diversity already found among humanity.

{ https://www.dailymail.com/sciencetech/index.html }

Apollo astronaut Charlie Duke believes UFOs are demonic, not alien

The devil is in the disclosure.

 Marcus Walsh - Journalist

1. 01Former Apollo 16 astronaut Charlie Duke says UFOs are demonic forces, not extraterrestrial visitors.
2. 02Duke says he never saw a UFO during his NASA career, only flashes linked to cosmic particles.
3. 03He argues UFO encounters could challenge Christian beliefs and reflect spiritual deception.
4. 04Similar demonic claims have appeared in recent UFO debate, including comments from JD Vance.

{ https://cybernews.com/ }

Segmented UFO Seen On Live Cam Over Rhodes International Airport, Greece, Oct 12, 2026, UAP Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Oct 12, 2026

Location of sighting: Rhodes International Airport, Greece

Source:

• https://www.skylinewebcams.com/en/webcam/ellada.html

Direct cam:

• https://www.skylinewebcams.com/en/webcam/ellada/naigaio/dodecanisa/rhodes-international-airport.html

 

If you check quickly the link above...it might still be on the main screen. Good luck.

 

I was looking at live cam feeds to search for UFOs. Its a great tool for being everywhere at once and keeping an eye out for the unexpected. I found this on the main screen of the cam...a still shot of a metallic arm UFO in the sky over the airport in Greece. UFO are well known for visiting airports and causing air traffic disturbances to incoming and leaving flights...which always get grounded till the air is clear of the object. Maybe you remember the O'hare Airport UFO back in Nov 7, 2006 when a metallic disk was seen over the airport...hovering in place for five minutes till eyewitnesses say they saw it shoot straight up at incredible speed, breaking through the cloud ceiling above it and making a hole visible for over 15 minutes.

 

When I asked Google ai to focus it...I didn't say what it was or what I thought it was, I just asked it simply to focus the object in the photo. And it did! I do have to say...the focused version is 100% an alien craft. 

 

Greece is also very close to a well known alien base below Rocca Pia, Italy that extends miles out below the ocean...so says the 30 year contact case call The Friendship Case. The base is called the W56.

Scott C. Waring - UFO Sightings Daily 

 

Below is the image that Google ai focused for me. 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

3 Mile Doorway To Underground City On Mars Found! Ancient aliens city. UFO UAP Sighting News.

Date of discovery: Oct 11, 2026

Location of discovery: Mars

Source map: https://explore-mars.esri.com/

 

While using a new Mars map, I came across a huge 3 mile by 1 mile doorway on the bottom of a crater. This looks very old, not thousands but millions of years old and looks long since abandoned. It may have been used for an entrance to an underground city where life could exist more easily than on the hot surface of Mars. Not all life will require oxygen to exist, but comfort is always a high priority for higher intelligent lifeforms. 

Scott Waring - UFO Sightings Daily 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

2.5 Mile UFO Passes Through Our Solar System, NASA Is Mum About It, UAP Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Oct 3, 2026 22:54:30

Location of sighting: Earths Sun

Source: Helioviewer.org

 

This UFO shot past the helioviewer satellite at a tremendous speed, getting caught in only a single frame (photo). The UFO is huge, about 2.5 miles across and .5 miles wide. A ship that large could carry tens of thousands of passengers across the universe in no time. Also the ship is using a tractor beam to safely pull three different smaller orb craft with it, which is visible in the photo after I put it into negative format view. The size and dimensions are similar to comet Atlas which is also a spaceship...but that was suppose to be gone last year...so mark that possibility off, unless its passing through again as spaceships often change directions and routes. 

 

This is something NASA will never talk about, never mention to the news or the public...something that is 100% proof that aliens pass through our own solar system daily, while the public is kept in the dark of such things existing. 

Scott C. Waring - UFO Sightings Daily

 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

Bigfoot sightings across 14 US states reveal an eerie pattern sparking claims a creature is hiding nearby

• MORE: I attended a secret UFO meeting preparing Christians for 'the truth' and saw shape-shifting beings

By ROB WAUGH FOR DAILYMAIL.COM

An eerie pattern in thousands of reported Bigfoot sightings across the US has raised the unsettling possibility that a mysterious creature is lurking close to humans.

Independent researcher and retired police officer Bruce Champagne examined 5,834 reports across 14 states before singling out 25 accounts he believes offer the clearest evidence of an unknown creature prowling near cities and towns at night for a specific purpose.

According to Champagne, witnesses most often reported seeing Bigfoot along quiet paths, roaming up to a mile into towns and cities on winter nights. 

The study described this as cautious, repeated behavior rather than random accidents on the edges of the woods.

Champagne called the alleged creature's movements: 'A pattern of rare, apparently intentional, largely solitary, nocturnal, corridor-based incursions that may be consistent with flexible decision-making.'

Bigfoot is believed to be a huge, hairy, ape-like creature, or species of creatures, that walks like a human and hides in remote forests throughout North America.

The first widely publicized modern report of Bigfoot came in 1958, when Humboldt Times journalist Andrew Genzoli published a letter from a reader describing massive, mysterious footprints found near a logging site in Bluff Creek, California.

Despite thousands of alleged sightings, eyewitness testimonies, photographs and footprint discoveries across the country, there has never been any physical evidence presented publicly that scientists have said proves the Bigfoot species exists.

The Bigfoot urban incursions were distributed across 14 US states, with the highest concentrations in Illinois, Ohio, Utah, New Jersey and Colorado

A trail of 35-45 clear, pristine footprints in Washington in 1996, shared by Jeff Meldrum, Bigfoot expert and author of Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science

Champagne focused on Bigfoot sightings that occurred at least a quarter-mile inside densely populated areas - meaning they had at least 1,600 residents per square kilometer (0.38 square miles).

The 25 accounts described large, ape-like creatures spotted at least a quarter of a mile inside towns and cities by witnesses deemed highly credible in Champagne’s analysis.

The reports spanned 14 US states, with the highest numbers coming from Illinois, Ohio, Utah, New Jersey and Colorado. Sightings peaked between 2006 and 2015, according to the research.

Champagne compared the reported behavior with that of other intelligent animals, including great apes, when they encounter humans.

He argued that the alleged creatures’ strong preference for traveling at night suggested they understood the risks of using urban walkways during the day.

'The patterning observed here suggests that urban incursions, while uncommon, are behaviorally structured events that merit further comparative and field-based investigation,' Champagne concluded.

The study found the creatures often traveled stealthily along drainage ditches and railway lines.

On average, they ventured 1.75 miles into the cities and towns they were exploring at night. However, at least one sighting found an alleged Bigfoot walked nearly eight miles into town, although the exact date and location were not revealed in the report.

Bigfoot as seen in the 1967 Patterson-Gimlin Film, which depicts a suspected Sasquatch that was spotted in Bluff Creek, California

A new study found Bigfoot sightings were more common in winter and during the night between midnight and 3am

Among other wildlife species, run-ins with humans often occur because of environmental stresses, such as animals searching for food in the winter when supplies become scarce.

Champagne suggested the same thing might be happening with Bigfoot sightings, as the creatures come out of hiding when their food sources run low during the cold, winter months.

Champagne’s research focused on accounts documented in three major databases, Oregonbigfoot.com, the Green Archive and the Bigfoot Field Researchers Organization (BFRO).

BFRO is the most widely cited and comprehensive public collection of Bigfoot reports in the US.

According to their records, which date back to 1904, Washington state has seen the most Bigfoot sightings, with more than 700 on record. California ranks second with nearly 500 sightings on record.

Champagne assessed reports on the basis of whether multiple witnesses were present, how credible the observers were, how close the witnesses allegedly got to the creature and how long the encounters lasted.

Champaign found that 36 percent of all Bigfoot encounters happened in winter, followed by autumn (27%), summer (23%) and spring (14%).

The creatures were described as 'massive' by 40 percent of witness accounts, however, one in five people called Bigfoot 'lightly built.'

Typical Bigfoot sightings also described a creature that stood up to 15 feet tall, with footprints measuring up to 24 inches long and eight inches wide.

They were most often seen prowling between midnight and 3am local time.

{ https://www.dailymail.com/sciencetech/index.html }

Scientists say ancient black holes could hold the key to a hidden FIFTH dimension beyond our universe

By WILIAM HUNTER, SENIOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY REPORTER

Black holes are already some of the strangest objects in the universe, but scientists now say they could unlock an even more bizarre part of the cosmos.

A group of leading physicists say that ancient black holes could hold the key to a hidden fifth dimension, beyond our material universe.

In addition to the four familiar dimensions - height, width, depth, and time - scientists say that our universe might have a 'dark dimension'.

While this extra plane of reality is hidden from us, researchers say that tiny black holes left over from shortly after the Big Bang might be able to reach it.

Since these ultra-dense remnants, known as primordial black holes, are so small, their gravity could bleed through into the dark dimension.

That means hunting for primordial black holes could reveal some of the fundamental secrets of spacetime itself.

Scientists say that tiny primordial black holes (artist's impression) left over from shortly after the Big Bang could hold the key to a hidden 'dark dimension' 

The world we see and interact with exists within the four dimensions of spacetime, but some physicists believe the universe might be more complex.

To try and understand this, imagine drawing a person on a piece of paper.

From that figure's perspective, their entire universe has just three dimensions: length, width, and time.

Since they can't peel themselves off the flat page and take a look around, they can't move through the extra dimension of height, and it would be really hard for them to imagine how anyone could.

According to some theories, our universe is a bit like this: a four-dimensional sheet embedded within a bigger, five-dimensional cosmos.

Scientists call the 4D universe, which contains everything we can see, the 'brane', while the fifth-dimensional background is called the 'bulk'.

To make things even stranger, scientists say that this dimension is tiny, just a micron wide in our four dimensions - about one tenth the length of a red blood cell.

There isn't direct evidence that we are in a 'dark dimension' universe, but lots of theoretical physics concerning electromagnetism and gravity work better if the mathematics has an extra dimension.

However, things get weirder still when you throw tiny but enormously powerful sources of gravity, like primordial black holes, into the mix.

Normal black holes form when enormous stars, tens to hundreds of times the mass of our sun, run out of fuel and collapse, leaving behind an ultra-dense core of matter.

Primordial black holes, on the other hand, were formed by an entirely different process altogether.

Scientists believe that gravity from primordial black holes could bleed out of our four-dimensional reality into a hidden fifth dimension 

Some scientists think these black holes formed directly from the swirling soup of rapidly cooling matter that made up the universe shortly after the Big Bang.

Although primordial black holes haven't been directly observed, it's theorised that they could form part of the mass of dark matter - the invisible substance that makes up 27 per cent of the universe.

In their new paper, published in the journal Physical Review D, researchers from Lehman College in the US wanted to see what would happen to these black holes in a universe that had a fifth dimension.

Specifically, they wanted to answer the question of whether they would become four-dimensional or five-dimensional objects.

To do this, they calculated how big primordial black holes would become based on two theories about how they formed.

In the first scenario, these tiny black holes formed out of 'overdensities' of matter in the early universe that collapsed under their own weight as the cosmos cooled.

According to their calculations, these black holes were starting out behaving like four-dimensional objects.

However, because they would be so small, their four-dimensional configuration would soon become unstable, and they would collapse into a five-dimensional object.

In the second scenario, primordial black holes formed out of hypothetical structures known as cosmic strings.

According to some theories, these are ultra-thin one-dimensional 'scars' in the fabric of spacetime left over from the birth of the universe.

Primordial black holes may have formed directly out of matter in the early universe (illustrated). If so, they would be so small that they would have become five-dimensional by now 

Scientists also think that primordial black holes could have formed out of 'cosmic strings'. These small black holes would also be five-dimension according to the researchers' calculations. Pictured: A simulation of cosmic strings in the universe 

These flaws might have formed when spacetime underwent dramatic phase transitions as it cooled, similar to how cracks form in ice as water transitions from liquid to solid.

If loops of cosmic strings came together, they could have collapsed directly into black holes long before stars or other structures in the universe had a chance to form.

However, the researchers' calculations show that primordial black holes formed in this way would also be five-dimensional right from the start.

That means, if our universe does have a dark dimension, any primordial black holes that exist are so small that they will always be five-dimensional.

While that sounds far-fetched and highly theoretical, it does actually have observable consequences for the nature of the universe.

For example, the researchers point out that five-dimensional black holes would evaporate more slowly than their conventional four-dimensional counterparts.

According to their calculations, primordial black holes created by collapsing cosmic strings could have lifespans equivalent to the 13.8 billion-year age of the universe.

That means these black holes could still be around us today, whizzing about above our heads and, eventually, vanishing in puffs of particles.

The researchers even go so far as to suggest that this theory could explain the 'ghost particle' that slammed into the KM3NeT detector, located deep under the Mediterranean Sea, in 2023.

If a five-dimensional primordial black hole finally evaporated, it could trigger the release of such an energetic particle from an otherwise quiet patch of sky.

However, that suggestion goes well beyond what is currently provable with direct observation.

But it does offer a tantalising hint of what black holes might reveal about our universe, if there really is a dark dimension lurking just out of sight.

{ https://www.dailymail.com/sciencetech/index.html }

'Swamp-like colors' on the moon: New NASA report reveals strange sights from Artemis II mission — Space photo of the week

Astronauts on NASA's Artemis II mission saw surprising "jaundiced yellow" and "swampy green" colors on the moon during their close lunar flyby, a new report reveals.

 By Brandon Specktor - Edited by Tia Ghose, Laura Mondragón

Quick facts

What color is the moon? Ask an Earthling, and you'll get a predictably monochromatic answer: white or gray.

But ask the four crewmembers of NASA's Artemis II mission — who spent nearly seven hours circling the moon from just 4,000 miles (6,400 kilometers) from the lunar surface this April — and you'll wonder if they're talking about the same dusty satellite we can see from Earth.

Yellow, brown, green, blue and tan features fan across vast volcanic plains and lurk at the edges of ominous craters, according to the crew's in-the-moment observations, which were shared this week in NASA's Artemis II Preliminary Lunar Science Report. The 130-page document catalogs everything crewmembers Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover, Christina Koch and Jeremy Hansen saw during their historic close flyby of the moon on April 6, drawing from 814 gigabytes of photo, video and audio recordings taken from the Orion crew capsule.

This rainbow of lunar color represents distinct geological features that could inform future missions on where to land and where to explore as the world's space agencies race to set up a permanent presence on the moon.

One spot that particularly enthralled the astronauts (and is featured in the image above) is the Aristarchus Plateau — a broad, elevated region on the northwestern edge of the moon's nearside. The region hosts one of the moon's densest collections of ancient volcanic features, including swaths of dark lava deposits and colorful volcanic glasses.

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Koch, mission specialist for Artemis II, was shocked to see distinct yellow shades in the region; she likened the plateau to "a yellow snow-capped mountain," with sunlight-reflecting craters providing the bright "snow." She went on to call the region "a jaundiced cheek of the Moon."

"There are so many colors now," Glover, Artemis II's pilot, added while photographing the area. "There's also a green. I see brown, especially Aristarchus and north toward the north pole. … It kind of flows down from the north in brown streaks."

According to the report authors, these colorful hues "could be associated with orange (titanium-rich) and green (magnesium-rich) glass beads respectively," similar to volcanic glass beads collected by the Apollo 15 and 17 missions on separate parts of the moon.

"Chaos across the entire area"

Another colorful patch of the lunar surface that caught the crew's attention was Orientale Basin — a huge, young and multiringed impact crater that's about three times as wide as Massachusetts, according to NASA. Straddling the moon's near and far sides, this massive bull's-eye is rarely visible from Earth, but it dominated the crewmembers' field of view as they orbited around the side of the moon.

"It has just created chaos across that entire area," Wiseman, commander for the mission, said at the time.

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When flying over this sprawling basin, the crew noted gray, brown, tan and green below. The largest, outermost ring in the basin contained "almost swamp-like colors," Koch reported, while Glover spotted what looked like "dusted peaks" and "white on the very edges of [the mountains], the spines, the ridgebacks." Chains of craters parading away from the impact site looked "like bubbles rising from a team of scuba divers below," Koch added.

While these may sound like off-the-cuff observations, the Artemis II crew spent more than two years training to study and describe the moon's geology. Their regimen included visiting craters on Earth, taking lessons individually and in classrooms, conducting simulated flybys and, according to the report, bringing "self-selected reference materials" into the Orion capsule to read on the way to the moon.

Thanks to this training, the crew's observations provided a wealth of scientific information that no autonomous camera or orbiter could, the report said.

"The Artemis II mission demonstrated the exceptional value of human observation and cognition as scientific assets in planetary exploration," the report authors concluded. "Unlike cameras, which capture isolated moments and often narrow subsets of a scene, human observers continuously interpret their surroundings, integrating realtime visual perception with contextual understanding."

Or, to put that in Glover's more relatable words to mission control, "It's quite a wicked view.

{ https://www.livescience.com/space/astronomy }

Extraordinary story of how man's beloved 'UFO' home landed in California... and why it's up for sale

By ALYSSA GUZMAN, US NEWS REPORTER

A California home shaped like a UFO has hit the market for $1.5million after an aging architect spent years restoring it to its glory. 

The Donaldson Futuro was deemed an historic structure in January 2021. Now the spherical-shaped yellow home with its distinctive bubble windows has hit the market for $1,495,000. 

The property is owned by Milford Wayne Donaldson, an architect who served on President Barack Obama's Advisory Council on Historic Preservation. 

The 83-year-old and his wife, Laurie, have owned the home since the 1970s, when Donaldson heard the Futuro was in disrepair and sitting behind the San Diego Design Center.

When the design center was sold, he told The Wall Street Journal, the building's new owners had started to demolish the Futuro. Donaldson could not stand to watch the artwork be destroyed, so he bought it and stored it in a San Diego boatyard that his friend owned, he said.

Donaldson, who loved the Futuro since he was a kid, does not recall what he paid for it. 

In 2004, he would buy a half-acre of land in the San Jacinto Mountains near Idyllwild for $70,000. This would become the new home for the plastic structure, which was designed by Finnish architect Matti Suuronen in the late 1960s, WSJ reported. 

He chose the location because it was similar to the one to that of the first Futuro in Finland. It is estimated that 100 Futuros were made. It is believed that around 50 to 60 have survived. 

The Donaldson Futuro in the San Jacinto Mountains has hit the market for $1,495,000

The UFO-shaped home has a 1960s feel and a great view of the mountains through its bubble windows 

The home is 26 feet in diameter and had to be transported to the location via a wide-load truck and be escorted by California Highway Patrol 

Moving such a structure proved difficult. The home is 26 feet in diameter. 

It had to be shrink-wrapped and escorted by the California Highway Patrol on a wide-load truck in December 2004. 

'When we finally got up there, it was like we were the Pied Piper. We had about 40 people in cars behind us,' Donaldson told WSJ.  

Once it actually reached the mountains, a crane had to hoist the flying saucer up above the tree line. 

From there, the Donaldsons renovated the inside of the home in a 1960s style, complete with popcorn ceiling and linoleum floors. 

The couple, who primarily live eight hours away in Sacramento, enjoyed the retreat for roughly one week a month. 

But now that Donaldson is aging, he's ready to offload the home so his wife, 66, does not get stuck having to sell it once he has died, he told WSJ. 

'It’s best to try to find a buyer now [who] really appreciates it…. And doesn’t just do an Airbnb or something,' he told the outlet. 

Milford Wayne Donaldson, 83, and his wife, Laurie, bought the home in the late 1970s 

In 2004, they moved it to its current location after repairing the outside 

Donaldson now wants to sell the home so his 66-year-old wife is not stuck selling it after he dies

The home was designed by Finnish architect Matti Suuronen in the late 1960s

Listing agent Tim McTavish thinks the home will attract buyers who love architecture or those from museums or foundations. 

There is another Futuro house in California, near Joshua Tree. The home is available on Airbnb and it is thought to be the only Futuro house in the US that can be rented out for the night.

When Suuronen designed the homes in 1968, he originally intended them to be used as portable ski chalets. 

They had 520sq ft of inside space and boasted a kitchen, a bathroom and a fireplace, while the front door took the form of an electric hatch.  

The ones located in the US were made under contract with a Philadelphia company, WSJ reported.  

Only a few Futuros have sold over the years, with most going for $50,000 to $100,000. 

However, Donaldson believes his home is worth more, as it is in a livable condition. 

{ https://www.dailymail.com/news/index.html }

What If Humanity Encounters a Hostile Alien Civilization?

BY Ronald Kapper

 For generations, humanity has looked at the stars and wondered whether someone else might be looking back.

The possibility of discovering intelligent life beyond Earth has inspired astronomers, philosophers and storytellers. Many imagine first contact as a moment of extraordinary cooperation: two civilizations exchanging knowledge, revealing new technologies and discovering that life is not unique to our planet.

But there is another possibility.

What if humanity’s first encounter with an extraterrestrial civilization is not peaceful? What if the first evidence of intelligent life comes from a species whose intentions we cannot understand — or one that considers humanity a threat?

It is a frightening scenario, but it raises questions worth examining. How would we recognize a hostile civilization? Could humanity defend itself against technology thousands or millions of years more advanced than ours? And would an extraterrestrial conflict even resemble a war as we understand it?

There is no confirmed evidence that extraterrestrial civilizations exist, let alone that any pose a threat to Earth. Scientists have not detected a verified alien transmission, invasion force or hostile intelligence. TryScience Kits

Yet considering hypothetical outcomes of first contact can help us understand the challenges of interstellar communication, the limits of our technology and the importance of distinguishing evidence from speculation.

The most unsettling possibility is that a civilization does not need to arrive at Earth’s doorstep for humanity to face difficult decisions.

Why Humanity Might Not Recognize a Threat Immediately

If intelligent extraterrestrial life exists, we cannot assume that it would think, communicate or behave like humans.

Every understanding we have of intelligence comes from life on Earth. Our ideas about cooperation, competition, fear, territory and survival developed through the evolutionary history of our own species.

An extraterrestrial civilization could have followed a completely different path.

Its members might have evolved under different environmental conditions, developed unfamiliar senses or organized their societies in ways that have no obvious human equivalent. Their technologies might rely on principles we have not yet discovered, although any technology we encounter would still have to operate within the laws of physics as we understand them, unless new evidence demonstrated otherwise.

Even the concept of hostility could be difficult to establish.

Imagine detecting an artificial signal from another star system. It contains mathematical patterns that strongly suggest an intelligent origin, but no understandable language. Is it a greeting, a scientific transmission, an automated beacon or a warning?

We might not know.

Now imagine detecting a spacecraft or robotic probe entering our solar system. Its trajectory changes in a way that appears deliberate. It does not respond to our signals. Its purpose remains unknown.

Such an observation would demand careful investigation, but it would not automatically demonstrate hostile intent.

The distinction matters because humanity could create a dangerous situation by treating an unknown object as an enemy before understanding what it is.

Equally, assuming that every unfamiliar presence must be harmless could be unwise.

The challenge would be to investigate without allowing fear to replace evidence.

Could an Advanced Civilization See Humanity as a Threat?

One hypothetical explanation for a hostile encounter involves strategic uncertainty.

A technologically advanced civilization might encounter another species whose future capabilities are impossible to predict. Even if the younger civilization appears primitive, its future development could eventually change the balance of power.

This is a speculative scenario, not an established description of how extraterrestrial civilizations would behave.

Human history provides examples of societies becoming suspicious of rivals whose intentions they cannot confidently assess. However, projecting human political behaviour onto an entirely different form of intelligence is uncertain. StudyBiology

An extraterrestrial species might have no interest in conquest. It might not compete for resources in ways familiar to humans. It might regard biological life as valuable, or it might simply be indifferent to civilizations that occupy distant planets.

Alternatively, if a civilization operates according to survival strategies very different from ours, its actions could be difficult to anticipate.

The problem is that we have no reliable evidence about the motivations of extraterrestrial intelligence.

That uncertainty is precisely why scientists must separate plausible physical scenarios from assumptions about alien psychology.

The Dark Forest Theory: Could Silence Be a Survival Strategy?

One idea frequently discussed in connection with the Fermi paradox is the Dark Forest hypothesis.

The Fermi paradox concerns the apparent contradiction between the enormous number of potentially habitable worlds in the universe and the absence of confirmed evidence of extraterrestrial civilizations.

The Dark Forest hypothesis offers one possible explanation: civilizations might deliberately remain silent because revealing their locations could expose them to potential threats.

The concept became widely known through science fiction, particularly Liu Cixin’s The Dark Forest. It has also entered broader discussions about extraterrestrial intelligence and the risks of interstellar communication.

In this hypothetical universe, every civilization faces a difficult calculation. It cannot know whether another civilization is peaceful, dangerous or capable of becoming a threat in the future.

Sending a signal might reveal its location. Remaining silent might reduce that risk.

But the hypothesis has major limitations.

There is no evidence that extraterrestrial civilizations follow such a strategy. The apparent silence of the universe has several possible explanations, including the rarity of intelligent life, the difficulty of detecting distant signals and the possibility that technological civilizations are separated by enormous distances in space and time. GoStargazing

Nevertheless, the Dark Forest hypothesis highlights an important question: could uncertainty about another civilization’s intentions make communication more complicated than we imagine?

If humanity ever detects an artificial signal, the answer may depend on what the evidence actually reveals — not on the most frightening explanation we can invent.

What Would an Alien War Actually Look Like?

Popular films often portray extraterrestrial warfare as fleets of enormous spacecraft descending through Earth’s atmosphere, followed by battles over cities.

A real encounter, if one ever occurred, might look nothing like that.

The distances between stars are immense. The nearest star system to the Sun, Alpha Centauri, is more than four light-years away. Even a spacecraft travelling at a significant fraction of the speed of light would require years to reach it, and current human spacecraft are nowhere near those speeds.

Interstellar travel would therefore involve extraordinary engineering challenges, energy requirements and travel times.

A civilization capable of sending probes between stars might choose to use automated systems rather than transport biological beings. Robotic spacecraft could potentially investigate distant planetary systems without requiring their creators to make the journey themselves.

This is a possibility based on engineering considerations, not evidence that extraterrestrial civilizations have actually developed such systems.

If a conflict ever occurred, its form would depend on the technologies, intentions and physical capabilities of the civilizations involved.

Could a Civilization Attack Without Invading?

A hypothetical hostile civilization might not need to occupy Earth to affect humanity.

An object entering the solar system could raise questions about surveillance, reconnaissance or scientific exploration. A powerful artificial signal could force humanity to reconsider its understanding of the universe. A technological system capable of interfering with communications might create problems without any physical invasion. TryScience Kits

These are speculative scenarios, and there is no verified evidence that extraterrestrial systems are doing any of these things.

Moreover, the ability to send a signal across interstellar distances would not automatically imply the ability to manipulate Earth’s technology or defeat its defenses.

Different capabilities must not be treated as interchangeable.

A civilization capable of producing a powerful radio transmission might have no practical ability to travel here. A civilization capable of sending a probe might not possess the resources or motivation to engage in conflict.

The physical constraints matter as much as the imagined threat.

Could Humanity Defend Itself?

The honest answer is that humanity has no established defense system designed to fight an extraterrestrial civilization.

Our military technologies, space programs and planetary-defense initiatives have been developed for terrestrial conflicts, scientific exploration and identifiable natural hazards.

Systems designed to detect and track asteroids, for example, help scientists assess the risk posed by near-Earth objects. They are not designed to identify or counter hostile alien spacecraft.

If an unknown object entered the solar system, humanity’s first challenge would be understanding what it was.

Astronomers would need to determine its trajectory, physical characteristics and whether its behaviour could be explained by natural processes or known human technology. Independent observations would be essential.

If evidence eventually established that the object was artificial, researchers would need to investigate its capabilities and intentions without assuming that artificiality automatically meant hostility.

International coordination would also become important. A discovery of this magnitude would affect scientific institutions, governments and the public around the world. TryScience Kits

No single country could reasonably claim to understand an unknown extraterrestrial civilization on the basis of one observation.

Would Our Technology Be Enough?

If another civilization were thousands or millions of years ahead of humanity technologically, the gap could be enormous. But the age of a civilization alone would not tell us exactly what it could do.

Technological development does not guarantee unlimited energy, instant communication or the ability to violate physical laws. Any credible assessment would need to consider demonstrated capabilities rather than imagined superpowers.

Humanity’s most useful initial responses would likely involve observation, scientific analysis, communication where appropriate and cooperation among nations.

If a threat were confirmed, decision-makers would face questions for which no established playbook exists.

Could the object be redirected? Would communication reduce uncertainty? Would any attempt to interfere with it create additional risks?

Those questions could not be answered responsibly without understanding the specific situation.

The priority would be to gather reliable evidence and avoid decisions driven entirely by panic.

Could Miscommunication Start the First Alien War?

A particularly disturbing possibility is that neither civilization initially intends to fight.

Humanity has repeatedly experienced misunderstandings between groups with different languages, customs and expectations. An encounter with an entirely unfamiliar intelligence could introduce communication difficulties on a much greater scale.

Even the meaning of a signal could be uncertain.

A sequence of radio pulses might be interpreted as a greeting, a mathematical demonstration or an attempt to establish a communication channel. Without a shared language or cultural context, identifying its purpose could take years.

The same problem would apply to actions.

Suppose humanity sends a response containing mathematical information. Would another civilization interpret it as a peaceful introduction, an attempt to establish contact or an indication of technological capability?

We would have no reliable way to know without additional evidence.

This is why verification, cautious interpretation and international scientific cooperation would be important in any genuine first-contact scenario. TryScience Kits

The danger is not that every misunderstanding would lead to war. Rather, it is that uncertainty could encourage premature assumptions about intentions.

A responsible response would aim to reduce that uncertainty before taking actions that could be difficult to reverse.

What If the First Contact Is a Warning?

Another possibility is that humanity receives a message that appears to describe a danger.

Perhaps the signal contains a mathematical sequence followed by information about a cosmic event. Perhaps it describes a physical phenomenon that scientists initially struggle to understand.

Would it be a warning? A scientific transmission? A historical record? Or something else entirely?

Without confirmation, humanity could not safely assume that the message was intended to help us.

The difficulty would be greater if the source were hundreds or thousands of light-years away.

Because information cannot travel faster than light under established physics, a signal from a distant civilization would reveal something about its past. The civilization might have changed dramatically since transmitting it, or it might no longer exist.

If humanity sent a reply, the response could take centuries to reach the original source.

This means first contact might be less like a conversation and more like studying an ancient message.

The idea of receiving a warning from an extinct civilization is a compelling hypothetical scenario, but there is currently no confirmed evidence of such a transmission.

Even so, it illustrates why the discovery of extraterrestrial intelligence would raise questions extending far beyond whether another civilization is friendly.

Could an Advanced Civilization Be Peaceful?

Hostility is not the only plausible possibility.

A civilization that survives for an extremely long time might develop social systems that encourage cooperation, manage conflict or reduce the incentives for destructive behaviour.

Alternatively, technological progress might have little relationship to moral or political development. A society could be highly capable in some fields while remaining divided or unstable in others.

We cannot currently determine which possibility is more likely.

The assumption that advanced civilizations must be peaceful is no better supported than the assumption that they must be hostile.

It is also possible that an extraterrestrial civilization would have little interest in humanity. It might observe Earth from a distance, send automated scientific probes or communicate only when there was a clear reason to do so. TryScience Kits

Other civilizations, if they exist, might be too distant or too different for meaningful interaction.

The first confirmed discovery of extraterrestrial intelligence would provide our first real evidence about life beyond Earth. Until then, claims about alien intentions remain speculation.

What Scientists Are Actually Doing to Prepare

Although no verified extraterrestrial civilization has been detected, researchers are investigating ways to search for evidence of life and intelligence beyond Earth.

Astronomers study exoplanets, examine planetary atmospheres for potential biosignatures and search for unusual radio signals that could indicate technological activity.

These efforts serve different purposes. Evidence of microbial life would not necessarily imply intelligent life, and a possible technosignature would require careful verification before it could be attributed to an extraterrestrial civilization.

Scientists also discuss how discoveries should be communicated and how potential signals should be evaluated.

The SETI community has developed principles intended to encourage verification, transparency and international consultation if a credible candidate signal is detected.

These principles do not constitute a global defense plan against hostile aliens. They are primarily concerned with the responsible scientific handling of a possible discovery.

Planetary defense programs, meanwhile, focus on natural hazards such as asteroids and comets. Although these programs demonstrate the value of monitoring the space around Earth, they should not be mistaken for preparations for interstellar warfare. GoStargazing

The distinction is important. Humanity is actively studying the universe, but it is not currently preparing to fight a known extraterrestrial enemy.

How Would Humanity React to the Discovery of a Hostile Civilization?

Even before any physical confrontation, confirmed evidence of a hostile extraterrestrial civilization would have enormous psychological and political consequences.

Governments would face pressure to explain the threat. Scientists would be asked to assess the evidence. Media coverage would intensify, and the public would demand answers about the risks to Earth.

The effects would depend on what had actually been discovered.

An ancient signal expressing hostility would pose a different problem from a nearby object demonstrating an immediate ability to threaten the planet. A statement of hostile intent would not necessarily establish that the sender possessed the capability or motivation to act on it.

Separating these questions would be essential.

A poorly communicated discovery could produce unnecessary fear. Conflicting claims could undermine public confidence. Governments might disagree over how to interpret the evidence or whether to respond.

International cooperation would therefore matter not only for scientific reasons but also for maintaining a clear understanding of the situation.

It is impossible to predict whether humanity would unite in response. A shared external challenge might encourage cooperation, but it could also intensify disagreements over responsibility, strategy and risk.

Human behaviour is complicated enough that a single outcome should not be assumed. StudyBiology

The Most Important Lesson: Do Not Confuse Possibility With Evidence

The prospect of a hostile extraterrestrial civilization is frightening because it combines two enormous uncertainties: whether intelligent life exists elsewhere and how such life might behave.

Neither question has a confirmed answer.

The universe contains billions of galaxies, and astronomers have discovered thousands of planets beyond our solar system. These discoveries establish that planets are common, but they do not establish that intelligent civilizations are common.

Earth remains the only known world inhabited by life, and humanity is the only known technological civilization.

Any discussion of alien warfare must therefore remain hypothetical.

That does not make the subject worthless. Examining possible scenarios can help clarify the importance of communication, verification, scientific cooperation and realistic assessments of technological capability.

But a thought experiment must not be presented as a prediction.

No hostile alien fleet has been detected. No confirmed extraterrestrial civilization has threatened Earth. There is no scientific basis for claiming that humanity is on the verge of an interstellar war.

The real challenge is understanding how humanity should respond if evidence of extraterrestrial intelligence ever emerges.

Conclusion: Would First Contact Change Humanity Forever?

If humanity ever encounters an intelligent civilization beyond Earth, the discovery would transform our understanding of life and our place in the universe. GoStargazing

If that civilization proved hostile, the consequences could be profound. Humanity would need to understand the nature of the threat, evaluate its capabilities and coordinate its response in a situation unlike any in recorded history.

Yet the first step would not necessarily be to prepare for battle.

It would be to establish what the evidence actually shows.

A strange signal is not proof of an enemy. An unfamiliar spacecraft would not automatically establish hostile intent. A civilization’s technological capabilities would need to be assessed rather than imagined.

The greatest danger in a hypothetical first-contact scenario might come from assuming too much before knowing enough.

Humanity has developed powerful scientific tools, international communication networks and an increasingly detailed understanding of the cosmos. These capabilities do not guarantee that every future challenge could be overcome, but they provide a foundation for investigating the unknown.

For now, the search for extraterrestrial life continues without any confirmed discovery of intelligent beings beyond Earth.

Whether the first contact is peaceful, hostile or simply a faint signal from a civilization that disappeared long ago, the discovery would force humanity to confront one of its oldest questions in a new way.

Are we alone?

And if we are not, what happens next?

Frequently Asked Questions

Has humanity ever encountered a hostile alien civilization?

No confirmed encounter with extraterrestrial intelligence has occurred. Reports of unusual sightings or unexplained signals have not established the existence of a hostile alien civilization.

Could the first alien contact lead to war?

It is a hypothetical possibility, but there is no evidence that extraterrestrial civilizations are hostile. Communication difficulties, uncertainty and incompatible objectives are possible subjects for scientific and philosophical discussion, not established predictions. TryScience Kits

What is the Dark Forest theory?

The Dark Forest hypothesis proposes that civilizations might remain silent because revealing their locations could expose them to potential threats. It is a speculative explanation for the Fermi paradox, not a scientifically confirmed description of extraterrestrial behaviour.

Could humanity defend itself against a technologically advanced alien civilization?

There is no reliable way to answer without knowing the civilization’s capabilities, intentions and proximity. Humanity has no established defense system designed specifically for extraterrestrial conflict.

Would an alien civilization need to invade Earth to threaten humanity?

Not necessarily in every hypothetical scenario. A sufficiently capable civilization might affect humanity through remote technologies or other means, but such scenarios are speculative and no extraterrestrial threat has been verified.

Are scientists preparing for an alien invasion?

No known scientific program is preparing to fight a confirmed extraterrestrial enemy. Researchers search for life and possible technosignatures, while planetary-defense programs focus primarily on natural hazards such as asteroids and comets.

What would scientists do if they detected a possible alien signal?

They would investigate possible interference, seek independent confirmation, examine the signal’s characteristics and assess whether natural or human-made explanations could account for it. A credible discovery would require careful verification before conclusions were drawn.

Disclaimer
This article explores a hypothetical scenario involving extraterrestrial intelligence. No confirmed evidence currently demonstrates that intelligent extraterrestrial civilizations exist or that any pose a threat to Earth. The scenarios discussed are speculative and should not be interpreted as predictions of future events.

References and Further Reading

• NASA — Astrobiology
• NASA — Exoplanet Exploration
• SETI Institute
• NASA — Planetary Defense
• United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs

{ https://whatifscience.in/category/aliens-extraterrestrial-worlds/ }

A “Flying Saucer” Was Found Near Roswell, Then the Military Changed Its Story

Roswell Incident: What Was Found and How the Story Changed

The Roswell Incident: What Was Actually Found, and How the Story Changed Over 70 Years

Ask ten people what happened at Roswell and you’ll get ten answers. Some will say a flying saucer crashed in 1947 and the military hid the bodies. Others will say it was just a weather balloon and the whole thing is a joke. Both answers skip most of what the record shows.

The documented version is messier, and in some ways stranger. The Army really did announce it had a “flying disc.” The weather balloon explanation really was a cover story, though not the kind believers assume. And the alien bodies that now define the legend appear nowhere in 1947 accounts. They show up decades later, in stories that kept changing.

This article follows the Roswell story in order, from what was picked up on a New Mexico ranch to the Air Force reports of the 1990s and the Pentagon’s 2024 review. I’ve linked the primary documents so you can check any claim yourself.

What Was Actually Found in 1947

The story starts with a ranch foreman named William “Mac” Brazel. Sometime in late June or early July 1947, he came across scattered debris on a ranch near Corona, New Mexico, roughly 75 miles northwest of Roswell. Accounts differ on the exact date. He described rubber strips, tinfoil-like material, tape and thin wooden sticks.

The timing matters. In late June, pilot Kenneth Arnold’s sighting near Mount Rainier had set off a national “flying disc” craze, and newspapers were full of saucer talk. According to Wikipedia’s account of the incident, Brazel’s relatives suggested his debris might be a “flying disk,” and on July 7 he told Sheriff George Wilcox. The sheriff contacted Roswell Army Air Field, home of the 509th Bomb Group, then the only atomic-capable unit in the world.

Intelligence officer Major Jesse Marcel and a counterintelligence officer went out to the site, collected material, and brought it back. What happened next took less than 48 hours.

The Announcement That Reversed Itself

On July 8, 1947, base public information officer Walter Haut issued a press release, reportedly on the orders of the base commander, saying the 509th had recovered a “flying disc.” The Roswell Daily Record ran it under the headline “RAAF Captures Flying Saucer On Ranch in Roswell Region.” The story hit the wires that afternoon.

The reversal came almost at once. The debris was flown to Fort Worth, where Brigadier General Roger Ramey of the Eighth Air Force held a press conference. He and his weather officer, Irving Newton, displayed foil, rubber and sticks, and said it was a weather balloon with a radar target. Reporters photographed the material, and interest faded within days. Brazel was quoted giving a more mundane description of what he’d found, and then largely stopped talking to the press.

Here is the first fact that gets lost: the Army itself said “flying disc” first. That wasn’t invented by later believers. It’s why the incident has always carried a whiff of cover-up, and as we’ll see, there was one, just not the one people think.

A second fact is just as important. None of the July 1947 newspaper coverage mentions alien bodies, a spacecraft with occupants, or a second crash site. The saucer in the 1947 headline was a disc, the word everyone was using that summer for any odd flying object.

Thirty Years of Silence

After July 1947, Roswell more or less vanished. The incident didn’t appear in major UFO books of the 1950s and 1960s. The Air Force’s Project Blue Book, which investigated sightings until 1969, didn’t treat it as a notable case.

It came back in 1978. Nuclear physicist and UFO researcher Stanton Friedman tracked down the retired Jesse Marcel and recorded an interview. Marcel said the weather balloon story had been a cover and that the real debris was something else, “nothing made on this earth.” Then, in February 1980, the National Enquirer ran its own Marcel interview, and national attention followed. A 1980 book, The Roswell Incident, by Charles Berlitz and William Moore, brought the case to a mass audience.

It’s worth pausing on this. Marcel was recalling events from three decades earlier, and he’d once posed for photographs holding the debris that Ramey called a balloon. Memory is not a recording, and Marcel’s later account cannot simply be set against the 1947 record without considering that gap. That doesn’t make him a liar. It makes him a witness whose recollection had thirty years to drift.

When the Bodies Arrived

The extraterrestrial corpses entered the story in the late 1980s and early 1990s, through a handful of new witnesses. In 1989, Roswell mortician Glenn Dennis told Friedman that the base had called him in July 1947 asking about child-size coffins, and that he’d glimpsed an alien autopsy. His account was featured in the 1991 book UFO Crash at Roswell and in a 1994 television dramatization.

It didn’t hold up well. Dennis gave a nurse’s name that turned out to be false. Even researchers sympathetic to the crash story came to regard him with caution, and Kevin Randle, an author of that 1991 book, later called him one of the least credible Roswell witnesses. Gerald Anderson claimed to have stumbled on a crashed craft with bodies as a child; Frank Kaufmann, a major source for a 1994 book, claimed a radar role that investigators say he never held. The researcher Karl Pflock noted that only a handful of people with supposed firsthand knowledge of alien bodies were ever identified and interviewed, and his own investigation led him to conclude that no bodies were recovered.

Time magazine’s 1990s overview of the controversy captures the moment well, including how quickly witness accounts multiplied once a TV audience was watching.

Then came the hoaxes and tall tales. In 1995, British entrepreneur Ray Santilli released “alien autopsy” film he said showed a Roswell-era examination. It was shown on Fox, and it was later admitted to be a staged re-creation. In 1997, retired Army officer Philip Corso published The Day After Roswell, claiming he’d handled recovered alien technology that seeded modern electronics. The Pentagon’s 2024 review, discussed below, found no evidence of any reverse-engineering program.

Even Walter Haut, the officer who wrote the original release, entered the story late. He died in 2005. A sealed affidavit he’d signed in 2002 was published in 2007 and described a cover-up and alien corpses, which contradicted an earlier affidavit he gave in 1993. Researchers inside the UFO community themselves argued over which version to believe.

The Air Force Answers

What’s surprising is how much official paper exists. Roswell isn’t a case the government ignored. It’s one it investigated, at length, in public.

• The 1994 report. Prompted by New Mexico Congressman Steven Schiff, the Air Force published The Roswell Report: Fact vs. Fiction in the New Mexico Desert. It concluded that the 1947 debris came from Project Mogul, a then-secret program that used trains of high-altitude balloons carrying acoustic sensors, aiming to detect Soviet nuclear tests. Radar targets were part of the balloon trains, which matches the foil, sticks and tape Brazel described. A researcher’s Freedom of Information Act requests helped surface the program, and Mogul engineer Charles Moore, later interviewed, described the equipment. The National Archives’ blog explains where the Roswell materials are held.

So the weather balloon story was a cover, but a cover for a secret balloon program, not a spacecraft. As one commentator put it, a flying saucer was easier to admit than Mogul. That fits the timeline: in 1947 the Soviet Union hadn’t yet tested a nuclear weapon, and the Army had every reason to keep quiet about how it planned to watch for one.

• The 1995 GAO audit. Schiff also asked the Government Accountability Office, then the General Accounting Office, to find the records. Its report found that outgoing messages from Roswell Army Air Field for that period were destroyed without proper authority, and it could not say who did it or why. You can read the full text on GovInfo. Schiff’s press release argued that the Air Force had at least conceded the object wasn’t a weather balloon, which is true in a narrow sense. The GAO also noted that no air accident report existed for the incident, and an Air Force official said none would have been required for a balloon crash.
• The 1997 report. The Air Force’s second report, The Roswell Report: Case Closed, ran 232 pages and was released on June 24, 1997. It turned to the bodies. Its argument: starting in the 1950s, the Air Force dropped and recovered anthropomorphic test dummies in high-altitude programs such as High Dive, and witnesses were likely telescoping those memories, along with aircraft accidents and military personnel at recoveries, into the 1947 story. You can read the full report via DTIC or on Project Gutenberg.

Believers pushed back hard on this one, and the objection has weight. The dummy drops started years after 1947, so critics argue the explanation asks witnesses to have misplaced events by a decade or more. The Air Force’s reply is that this is exactly what long-term memory does. Neither side can prove it.

• The 2024 Pentagon review. The Pentagon’s All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office reached the same conclusion on Roswell in its Historical Record Report, Volume 1, which found no verifiable evidence the government or private companies had recovered or reverse-engineered extraterrestrial technology. Coverage in The Debrief noted that AARO’s finding on Roswell essentially repeated the 1990s Air Force conclusion.

How the Story Changed: A Quick Comparison

Notice the direction of travel. The earliest accounts are the plainest, and the most dramatic claims arrive the furthest from the events. That’s a pattern historians recognize in many legends, and it’s the first thing I’d tell anyone weighing a Roswell claim.

What’s Still Unresolved

An honest account has to say what isn’t settled, because the skeptic’s case has gaps too.

• The missing paperwork. The destroyed outgoing messages are real, and so is the odd absence of many Project Mogul files. Researchers have complained for years about how hard those documents are to find. Missing records are suspicious to many readers, but they are also what you’d expect from a classified program and a base that later closed.
• The Marcel problem. He handled the debris and said it wasn’t a balloon. Skeptics respond that a man who handled the material for a few hours, and who wasn’t a balloon expert, may not have recognized a radar target. Neither side can interview him now.
• The witness pool. The people with the most dramatic bodies stories were interviewed years later, often by authors with a book to sell. That doesn’t make them wrong. It makes their accounts hard to verify.
• The dummy explanation. The 1997 Air Force theory is plausible but not proven for any single witness.

What isn’t unresolved is the basic physical record. No wreckage of a craft has ever been produced, no body, no verified document describing one, and no credible 1947 account of either.

The Bottom Line

Here’s the most defensible version of what happened at Roswell. In the summer of 1947, a ranch foreman found debris from a classified Army balloon project. The base, caught up in the flying disc craze, announced a “flying disc” before correcting itself. The Army then covered the real purpose of the debris with the weather balloon story. For thirty years, almost nobody talked about it. Then a retired officer’s recollections, and a string of later witnesses, built the crashed-saucer legend we know today.

None of that makes Roswell uninteresting. It’s one of the clearest examples of how a modest secret and a famous press release can grow into a national myth. The documents are public. The best thing a reader can do is open the GAO report, skim the Air Force volumes, and decide how much weight each witness deserves.

{ https://whatifscience.in/category/aliens-extraterrestrial-worlds/ }

What the US Government Has Actually Said About UAPs: A Timeline (2020–2026)

Few subjects attract as much confident nonsense as UFOs. Some people say the government has already admitted aliens are real. Others say officials have said nothing at all. Neither is true, and the actual record is stranger and more interesting.

I went back through the primary documents: press statements, congressional hearings, intelligence assessments and the Pentagon’s own reports. This article lays out what officials said, in what order, and what they pointedly did not say. Every claim below links to the original source wherever one is publicly available.

The Short Version

In more than six years of official statements, the US government has said these things:

• Some military encounters with unidentified objects are real and still unexplained.
• Many of them probably have ordinary explanations once enough data exists.
• No official government analysis has concluded that any of them are of extraterrestrial origin.

The 2026 file releases haven’t changed that last point. They have changed how much raw material the public can inspect.

The Navy Videos That Started the Modern Era

The modern chapter starts with three short clips known as FLIR1, Gimbal and GoFast. Navy aircrews recorded them with infrared targeting pods, one in November 2004 and two in January 2015. They circulated for years after leaks in 2007 and 2017, and the New York Times helped bring them to a wide audience.

The government’s first real move came on April 27, 2020. The Department of Defense formally authorized release of the three videos. The stated reason was to clear up public confusion over whether the footage was real. The statement also said the phenomena in them “remain characterized as ‘unidentified.’”

People often skip over what that wording does and doesn’t mean. “Unidentified” is a label for the state of the analysis. It is not a claim about what the objects are. The Pentagon confirmed the footage was authentic Navy material and said nothing about the origin of the objects.

The story didn’t stop there. In February 2025, AARO published an analysis of GoFast. Its conclusion, as summarized by The Black Vault, was that the object was at around 13,000 feet, not skimming the ocean as viewers assumed. AARO said with high confidence that it did not move at anomalous speeds. The office also noted a limitation: the original file and metadata were lost, so it worked from a compressed copy. Independent analysts such as Mick West had argued for years that the object was a balloon. For Gimbal, I could not find a comparable AARO resolution report, so treat that one as open.

From Task Force to Office: How AARO Came to Exist

Behind the videos was a quiet bureaucratic evolution. In 2020 the Pentagon set up the Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Task Force. Congress then asked for an unclassified assessment, and the Office of the Director of National Intelligence delivered a nine-page Preliminary Assessment on June 25, 2021.

That document is worth reading in full because it is so restrained. It looked at 144 reports from US government sources between 2004 and 2021, 80 of which involved more than one sensor. It could explain only one of them with high confidence. The rest stayed unexplained, partly because, in the report’s words, the quality of the data was too limited to draw firm conclusions. It sorted possible explanations into broad buckets: airborne clutter, natural atmospheric phenomena, US government or industry programs, foreign adversary systems, and “other.” It did not mention aliens.

The All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office, or AARO, was created in 2022 to take over the work, and Congress later wrote its mandate into law through the fiscal year 2023 defense authorization act. Its job is to collect and analyze reports across the military and intelligence community and to flag anything that could threaten flight safety or national security.

Two AARO products matter most.

1. The Historical Record Report, Volume 1 (March 2024). At 63 pages, it reviewed US government UAP-related activity from 1945 through October 2023 and assessed claims from roughly 30 interviewees. Its headline findings, available in the report itself on aaro.mil: no verifiable evidence that any UAP sighting represented extraterrestrial activity, and no verifiable evidence that the government or private companies ever had access to extraterrestrial technology or reverse-engineered it. The Pentagon’s own summary statement said the same. Critics, including some UAP journalists, challenged factual details in the report, so it is best read as the Pentagon’s position, not the last word.
2. The Fiscal Year 2025 Consolidated Annual Report (July 2026). This is the newest statistical picture. According to DefenseScoop’s coverage, AARO received 319 reports in the period and resolved 114 of them. The explanations were ordinary: balloons, birds, satellites, aircraft and drones, plus one rocket launch and, remarkably, one jet pack. The office again said that none of its resolved cases indicate advanced foreign capabilities or breakthrough technology. That leaves 200-odd cases unresolved, and AARO’s usual explanation is insufficient data, not inexplicability. You can browse the office’s own releases on its UAP Records page.

What Congress Has Done, and Said

Congress has pushed this topic harder than almost any other part of the government, often across party lines.

1. May 17, 2022. A House Intelligence subcommittee held what was described as the first public congressional UFO hearing in more than 50 years. Pentagon officials Ronald Moultrie and Scott Bray testified. As CBS News reported, Bray said the count of reports had grown to roughly 400. He also showed a video and said he had no explanation for that particular object. The tone from officials was cautious: reporting stigma was falling, and some cases posed a flight safety problem.
2. July 26, 2023. A House Oversight subcommittee heard from former intelligence officer David Grusch, retired Navy Commander David Fravor and former Navy pilot Ryan Graves. Grusch made sensational secondhand claims about a crash retrieval and reverse-engineering program. He said he had not personally seen UAP himself. His claims were made under oath, but they were testimony based on what others told him, not documentation. AARO’s 2024 report later said it found no evidence supporting such a program. Rep. Tim Burchett’s office posted a summary of the hearing.
3. November 13, 2024. A joint Oversight subcommittee hearing titled “Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena: Exposing the Truth” followed, with witnesses announced here, including retired Rear Admiral Tim Gallaudet.
4. September 9, 2025. The House Oversight Task Force on the Declassification of Federal Secrets, chaired by Rep. Anna Paulina Luna, held a hearing called “Restoring Public Trust Through UAP Transparency and Whistleblower Protection.” Witnesses included Navy veteran Alexandro Wiggins and Air Force veterans Jeffrey Nuccetelli and Dylan Borland. The committee’s wrap-up shows the focus: AARO’s transparency and protection for people who come forward.
5. March 31, 2026. The task force sent AARO a formal letter requesting a list of specific UAP videos, with an April 14 deadline. Treat this as a sign of the relationship between Capitol Hill and the Pentagon: lawmakers asking for raw footage, not summaries.

The 2026 Turn: PURSUE and WAR.GOV/UFO

On May 8, 2026, the Department of War launched the Presidential Unsealing and Reporting System for UAP Encounters, abbreviated PURSUE. Its announcement described a joint release of previously unseen UAP files with participation from other agencies, including the FBI and NASA, hosted on a dedicated site, WAR.GOV/UFO. A second release followed on May 22. A third, a fourth and a fifth have come out since, and press reports suggest at least one more in September. The department says files will keep coming on a rolling basis.

The material is a mixed bag: infrared sensor clips, historical documents and, in at least one release, NASA crew audio. A few items are recent. One Army sensor video, for example, was captured in 2026 with no written description from the reporter. For those who want to see the material directly, the department’s own page is the place to start.

What the releases do not contain is a conclusion. They are source material, not findings. Even as the files go public, AARO’s formal position has not moved from its 2024 and 2026 reports.

The Timeline at a Glance

How to Read Government UAP Statements Without Getting Fooled

A few habits help when you meet the next viral claim.

1. Separate “unidentified” from “unexplained by physics.” Officials use “unidentified” to mean the data was too thin to say. A blurry infrared clip from a moving aircraft often can’t support a firm answer, and that is not the same as a mystery.-
2. Check whether a claim is testimony or documentation. Sworn testimony is serious, but it is not evidence by itself. The Grusch hearing is the clearest example. Ask whether the person saw something, was told something, or can point to a record.
3. Watch for date confusion. AARO’s FY2025 report covers a period ending in May 2025 even though it was published in July 2026. Statistics always lag.
4. Look at the language of absence. The 2024 report says AARO found “no verifiable evidence.” That is a statement about what the office found, which critics argue is limited by what it was allowed to see. Supporters say it reflects a thorough search. Both readings are legitimate, and anyone writing about this should say so.
5. Prefer the primary document. Press summaries, including this article, are second-hand. The PDFs and press releases linked above are short enough to read yourself.

What We Still Don’t Know

Plenty of questions remain open. Hundreds of cases are unresolved because of limited data. Congress and the Pentagon disagree about how transparent AARO has been. The released files, valuable as they are, are a curated slice of a much larger archive, and the public can’t yet judge what was withheld or why. A second volume of the historical report was promised, and I could not confirm in the sources I checked that it has been published.

So here is the plain-English bottom line. The US government has acknowledged that unidentified objects exist in military airspace and that some remain unresolved. It has said repeatedly, in official reports, that it has no verifiable evidence they are extraterrestrial. It has also begun publishing raw material at a pace not seen before, and that is the real story of 2026. The most useful thing any reader can do is open the files and check.

• Sources are linked inline. This article reflects public information available as of October 11, 2026, and the situation is changing quickly, so check WAR.GOV/UFO and AARO’s records page for newer releases.

{ https://whatifscience.in/ }

NASA chief says all UAP data released; Coulthart disputes claim

Overview

A dispute over the completeness of publicly available UAP records has emerged between NASA Administrator Jared Isaacman and journalist Ross Coulthart. In a NewsNation interview with Nancy Loo, Isaacman said NASA had released all of the UAP data available to the agency. Coulthart challenged that statement during the latest episode of Reality Check, arguing that significant records from earlier human-spaceflight programs remain inaccessible or have not been fully published.

The disagreement centers on what qualifies as “UAP data” and which records fall within NASA’s responsibility. NASA has increasingly focused on the scientific study of unidentified anomalous phenomena, while Coulthart contends that historical material held by NASA or associated government agencies should also be examined and disclosed. The competing positions highlight continuing uncertainty over the scope of government transparency on UAP-related information.

Records Under Dispute

According to the NewsNation report, Coulthart pointed specifically to records connected with the Apollo, Gemini and Skylab programs. He said those archives contain material that has not yet been released in full, challenging the premise that NASA has made all relevant data public. The report does not establish whether the disputed records contain evidence of unexplained objects, or whether they are simply archival materials that have not been reviewed, digitized or cleared for public release.

Coulthart also addressed the Apollo 17 “blue dots” film, which remains under review by the Pentagon and NASA. The imagery has attracted attention among UAP researchers, but its meaning remains unresolved. No conclusion was presented in the report that the objects shown are extraterrestrial or otherwise anomalous. The continued review illustrates the broader difficulty of distinguishing genuine unknowns from camera artifacts, reflections, processing issues or other conventional explanations.

Other Claims Examined

The episode also examined a new claim by Jake Barber involving a cylindrical “mothership” that allegedly released smaller, egg-shaped craft. Coulthart compared the account with reports from the well-known 1976 Tehran incident, in which Iranian military pilots reported encounters with unusual objects. The comparison is presented as part of Coulthart’s analysis, not as confirmation that the modern claim and the historical case describe the same phenomenon.

NewsNation’s program additionally discussed a Defense Intelligence Agency announcement that it had located missing files. The source material does not specify the precise contents of those files or indicate whether their recovery changes the government’s public understanding of UAP. Their mention nevertheless underscores a recurring issue in UAP reporting: records can be dispersed across agencies, classified, improperly cataloged or difficult for outside researchers to access.

Artificial Intelligence and UAP Research

Coulthart and co-host Meagan Medick also considered whether artificial intelligence could help analyze the UAP phenomenon. One topic was research by Dr. Beatrice Villarroel involving possible transient objects in geostationary orbit. The discussion raised the prospect of using automated systems to monitor large volumes of astronomical and sensor data for patterns that human investigators might miss.

The report further considered whether an autonomous monitoring system could be observing Earth. That idea remains speculative, and no evidence was presented establishing that such a system exists. More broadly, AI could assist with categorizing observations, comparing flight and satellite data, and identifying recurring anomalies, but it cannot by itself determine the origin of an unexplained sighting. Independent verification, reliable sensor records and transparent methodologies remain essential to evaluating UAP claims.

Why the Dispute Matters

The disagreement between Isaacman and Coulthart reflects a larger divide over transparency, archival access and the definition of UAP evidence. NASA’s position, as reported by NewsNation, is that its available UAP data has been released. Coulthart’s counterargument is that older space-program records still warrant disclosure and examination. Until the specific records are identified, reviewed and made available for independent assessment, the competing claims cannot be conclusively resolved.

The Reality Check episode therefore presents an ongoing debate rather than a settled finding. Reports involving the Apollo 17 film, recovered government files and alleged spacecraft should be treated as claims requiring documentation and corroboration. For researchers and the public, the central question remains not only what agencies say they have released, but also what records exist, who controls them and whether qualified investigators can independently evaluate the underlying evidence.

{ https://usubjects.com/ }

IDF continues search for unidentified aerial object detected entering Israel near Lebanese border

Initially, there was concern that the object was a drone or unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), but the possibility that it was a powered paraglider could not be ruled out.

By AMIR BOHBOT

IDF soldiers continued searching the area around Arab el-Aramsha in the Western Galilee, near the Lebanese border, on Sunday morning after an unidentified aerial object was detected entering Israeli territory on Saturday night.

The incident began at about 8 p.m. on Saturday, when the area's hostile aircraft infiltration alerts were activated. Searches resumed at first light on Sunday, as the IDF continued investigating the circumstances of the incident and seeking to rule out a potential security threat.

A military source told Walla that IDF detection systems had identified a foreign object entering Israeli territory. Initially, there was concern that the object was a drone or unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), but the possibility that it was a powered paraglider could not be ruled out.

According to the source, the searches initially focused on the Arab el-Aramsha area before being expanded to additional locations along the border.

The IDF said its surveillance systems had detected an unidentified aerial object in the area of the Lebanese border and that troops were continuing their searches. No unusual findings have been reported so far, and no special instructions have been issued to civilians.

Following the IDF's situation assessment, Mateh Asher Regional Council head Moshe Davidovich said in a Sunday statement that he had asked the military's Northern Command chief for a full debrief on the situation.

"The regional council’s security teams remain fully prepared and alert, and we are closely monitoring the situation to ensure routine life continues. I will continue to provide updates as necessary," Davidovich said.

Upper Galilee sees hostile aircraft infiltration alerts

Several hostile aircraft infiltration alerts were activated in the Upper Galilee last month.

On September 2, alerts sounded in Dafna, Hagoshrim, Kfar Yuval, and Ma'ayan Baruch, prompting the launch of interceptor missiles. After an initial investigation, the IDF assessed that the alerts were triggered by a false target.

Additional alerts were activated on September 10 in several communities in the area, including Ghajar, Kfar Yuval, and Hagoshrim. In that incident, the IDF later announced the detection was a false alarm.

{ https://www.jpost.com/ }

Exactly 59 years ago, a document entered into force that continues to govern human activities beyond Earth. Under its provisions, no country may claim sovereignty over the Moon; the placement of nuclear weapons in orbit is prohibited; and any damage caused by a satellite falling within another country’s territory must be compensated for by the state that launched it.

Signing of the Outer Space Treaty on January 27, 1967. Credit: CORBIS. Source: Getty Images

Explosion over the Pacific Ocean

A nuclear bomb has previously been detonated in space. The most powerful such explosion occurred in the summer of 1962, when no regulations governing outer space were yet in place.

On July 9, the United States launched a missile carrying a thermonuclear warhead from Johnston Atoll in the Pacific Ocean. The 1.4-megaton charge —  equivalent to 1.4 million metric tons of TNT — detonated at an altitude of approximately 400 km. The test was designated Starfish Prime.

The charged particles released by the explosion were trapped by Earth’s magnetic field. For several years, they orbited the planet, forming an artificial radiation belt. Each satellite passing through this region was exposed to an additional dose of radiation that its electronics and solar panels could not withstand. Within a few months, at least six satellites had failed. One of them was Telstar, the first commercial television relay satellite, which was launched into orbit the day after Starfish Prime.

An artificial aurora lasting approximately seven minutes following the Starfish Prime high-altitude nuclear test on July 9, 1962.
Source: Wikimedia Commons.

By that time, both the United States and the Soviet Union had already developed missiles capable of carrying a warhead beyond the atmosphere. One test demonstrated the vulnerability of near-Earth space; an actual conflict in orbit could have rendered it unusable for years. In October 1963, the UN General Assembly called on states not to deploy nuclear weapons in orbit.

General rules applicable to all countries

 The agreement that emerged from this concern bears a lengthy official title but is widely known as the Outer  Space Treaty. It was opened for signature on January 27, 1967, simultaneously in Washington, London, and Moscow, and entered into force on October 10 of that year. The provisions governing the Moon were established nearly two years before the Apollo 11 astronauts set foot on its surface. Today, more than 110 countries, including Ukraine, are parties to the treaty.

Seventeen concise articles establish several fundamental principles. All countries may explore outer space, and every nation should share in its benefits. The treaty designates astronauts as envoys of humanity and requires every state to assist them in the event of an accident. Nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction may not be placed in orbit or deployed beyond Earth. The Moon and other celestial bodies may be used solely for peaceful purposes; the establishment of military bases and fortifications, as well as the conduct of military maneuvers, is prohibited.

The first publicly released image of the debris cloud from the “Kosmos-1408” satellite, captured on November 15, 2021, shortly after its destruction by a Russian anti-satellite missile. The image was taken with a wide-angle telescope near Ouarzazate, Morocco. Credit: Kem Ki. Source: Numerica Corporation

This has led to the widespread belief that the treaty has completely demilitarized space. In reality, it prohibits only weapons of mass destruction and makes no mention of conventional weapons or military satellites. The launch of ballistic missiles is also permitted, as they leave the atmosphere only briefly and do not remain in orbit. When Russia destroyed its own malfunctioning satellite, “Kosmos-1408,” with a strike from Earth in November 2021, it did not formally violate any provisions of the treaty. However, more than 1,500 trackable pieces of debris ended up near the orbit of the International Space Station, forcing its crew to take shelter in the docked spacecraft.

A flag does not confer ownership rights

When the Apollo 11 astronauts planted the United States flag on the Moon’s surface in July 1969, the Moon did not thereby become American territory. The treaty expressly prohibits any state from claiming extraterrestrial space or a celestial body as its own. Such areas may not be appropriated through a declaration of sovereignty, use, or actual occupation.

Apollo 11 astronaut Edwin Aldrin salutes the U.S. flag at the landing site, known as Tranquility Base, on July 20, 1969. The lunar module is visible on the left. Credit: NASA

This provision also renders the “certificates” for plots on the Moon — which are sold online — meaningless. Sellers argue that the treaty applies only to governments and makes no reference to private individuals. However, no country recognizes such plots as property belonging to anyone; without that recognition, a stamped piece of paper has no legal force.

A substantially more complex issue concerns what may be extracted from the Moon. The treaty does not regulate the extraction of water, metals, or regolith — that is, the loose layer of dust and debris covering the surface. Proponents of mining argue that the same reasoning applies as it does on the high seas. Waters beyond the territorial waters controlled by individual countries are commonly regarded as neutral. They belong to no one; however, fish caught there become the property of the fisher.

The United Nations sought to address this issue as early as 1979 by adopting the Moon Treaty. The treaty designates the resources of Earth’s natural satellite as the common heritage of humanity, meaning that they may be extracted only in accordance with international rules. None of the leading spacefaring nations, including Ukraine, has acceded to the treaty.

Today, the “fisherman’s logic” is enshrined in the Artemis Accords, a set of non-binding principles proposed by the United States in 2020 in conjunction with its program to return humans to the Moon. Signatories agree that resources on any celestial body may be harvested, provided that doing so does not violate the Outer  Space Treaty, and that such activities do not constitute an appropriation of territory. Separately, the agreements provide for the open publication of scientific data, assistance to astronauts in the event of an accident, the protection of historic sites such as the Apollo landing sites, and the safe removal of space debris.

Flags of the countries that, as of September 2026, have joined the Artemis Accords, a set of nonbinding principles for the exploration of the Moon and other celestial bodies proposed by the United States in 2020. Credit: NASA

As of the end of September 2026, 76 countries had signed the agreement. Ukraine was the ninth country to join, in November 2020. Critics argue that the right to extract resources violates the prohibition on appropriation and primarily benefits the United States and commercial companies.

Who is liable for the costs when a satellite crashes?

Unlike the provisions concerning resources, this treaty provision has long been established in practice. Each country must supervise all space activities conducted by its citizens and companies. Accordingly, a private firm may not launch a spacecraft into orbit without government authorization and oversight. Damage caused by a space object is compensated by the so-called launching state — that is, the country that carried out or commissioned the launch, or provided its territory for the launch. Therefore, Ukraine will be responsible for the Ukrainian satellite, together with the country from which the rocket was launched.

This principle was put to the test in the winter of 1978. The Soviet reconnaissance satellite “Kosmos-954” was equipped with radar for tracking ships. Because its solar panels could not provide sufficient power, a nuclear reactor containing approximately 50 kg of highly enriched uranium operated aboard the satellite. Following a malfunction, the satellite fell out of orbit and crashed on January 24 in the uninhabited northern part of Canada, near Great Slave Lake. Radioactive debris was scattered across a strip approximately 600 km long — roughly the straight-line distance from Kyiv to Uzhhorod.

The team from the joint Canadian-American Operation Morning Light, which searched for radioactive debris from the Soviet satellite “Kosmos-954” in northern Canada in 1978. Credit: Operation Morning Light / Imperative Productions. Source: CBC

Canada invoiced the USSR for more than 6 million Canadian dollars to cover the costs of searching and cleaning up the area. Moscow paid half of this amount (3 million) in 1981 but never formally acknowledged liability. This remains the only instance in which a state has filed a claim under the 1972 Special Convention, which elaborates on the treaty’s provisions concerning compensation for damage.

Protecting other worlds

Another provision of the treaty addresses the contamination of other worlds. Countries must conduct the exploration of celestial bodies in a manner that avoids introducing bacteria and prevents harmful changes on Earth resulting from substances brought back from other worlds. Accordingly, Mars rovers are assembled in specialized clean rooms, and certain components are heated before launch to destroy any living organisms on their surfaces.

High Bay 1 Clean Room at the Spacecraft Assembly Facility, NASA JPL, Pasadena. Photo: NASA, JPL-Caltech

The objective is straightforward: if microorganisms are discovered on Mars or elsewhere, scientists must be able to determine with certainty that they were not transported there from Earth.

This requirement was most fully fulfilled at the conclusion of two missions to the giant planets. The Galileo spacecraft, which had been studying Jupiter since 1995, was deliberately directed into the planet’s atmosphere in September 2003. This measure eliminated the risk that it might one day collide with Europa, an icy moon. Beneath its surface, there is likely an ocean of liquid water in which life could theoretically exist.

The Galileo spacecraft near Jupiter’s icy moon Europa, beneath whose surface a liquid-water ocean is likely to exist. Artist’s concept. Source: NASA / JPL-Caltech / Univ. of Michigan

Fourteen years later, the same procedure was carried out with the Cassini spacecraft. During the mission, researchers discovered that jets of water were erupting from a subsurface ocean beneath the icy surface of Enceladus, one of Saturn’s moons. Had Cassini run out of fuel, it would have become impossible to control, potentially resulting in a collision with Enceladus or neighboring Titan. Accordingly, on September 15, 2017, the spacecraft was directed into Saturn’s atmosphere, where it burned up.

An illustration depicting NASA’s Cassini spacecraft during one of its numerous flybys of Titan, Saturn’s largest moon.
Source: NASA

Rules requiring amendment

The treaty was drafted when only the USSR, the United States, and France possessed their own space-launch vehicles. Today, thousands of satellites orbit Earth, a substantial proportion of which were launched by private companies, and dozens of countries are planning lunar missions. The text makes no direct reference to resource extraction, space debris, or collisions involving a country’s own spacecraft.

These gaps are being addressed through separate agreements, around which two major coalitions have already formed. Seventy-six countries have joined the Artemis Accords, while China and Russia are developing their own proposal for an international research station on the Moon. Disputes over the rights to extracted resources are likely to become a practical concern as soon as the first minerals are mined there.

• Posted in Articles, Questions

{ https://universemagazine.com/en/articles-en/ }

Steven Spielberg's alien thriller Disclosure Day now officially streaming

From Close Encounters to E.T. to War of the Worlds, Spielberg has explored a spectrum of alien visitors

Steven Spielberg has spent much of his career looking to the stars. From the wonder of Close Encounters of the Third Kind to the childhood adventure of E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, few filmmakers have done more to shape the way Hollywood approaches stories about humanity making contact with something beyond our world. Even War of the Worlds, though it was an adaptation, offered a glimpse into Spielberg's fascination with extraterrestrial life.

Now, Spielberg's latest alien movie has finally made the jump from theaters to streaming.

Disclosure Day began streaming exclusively on Peacock on Friday, Oct. 9, giving Spielberg fans a new opportunity to catch the director's latest exploration of alien conspiracies. The sci-fi epic arrived in theaters on June 12, where it earned mostly favorable reviews and became one of the more prominent releases of the summer. The movie earned a respectable $244 million at the global box office.

What is Disclosure Day about?

Disclosure Day follows several people who find themselves caught up in a decades-old conspiracy surrounding humanity's encounters with extraterrestrial life.

Josh O'Connor plays Daniel Kellner, a cybersecurity expert who steals information from the powerful corporation Wardex, revealing an almost 80-year-old government cover-up involving alien visitations. He soon finds himself on the run from Wardex agents determined to recover the information before it can reach the public.

At the same time, Emily Blunt plays Kansas City meteorologist Margaret Fairchild, who becomes entangled in the conspiracy after unknowingly broadcasting a message written in an alien language. Her path eventually crosses with Daniel's, while Colman Domingo's Hugo Wakefield — a former member of the conspiracy and prominent advocate for disclosure — attempts to help expose the truth.

The result is part alien-contact movie, part conspiracy thriller, and part chase movie. Polygon's review described Disclosure Day as something of a return to the Spielberg of the 1980s, combining the pursuit and suspense of movies like E.T. with the otherworldly pull of Close Encounters of the Third Kind. The review also praised the film's sense of wonder and its more sentimental side, arguing that it comes surprisingly close to the classic Spielberg formula.

Rather than simply treating extraterrestrials as an invading threat, Disclosure Day is built around the idea that the truth about alien life belongs to everyone — and that learning we're not alone could fundamentally change how humanity sees itself.

Related

• 

  No matter what Steven Spielberg does, he'll never eclipse my favorite alien invasion thriller

  Disclosure Day can’t even come close

{  https://www.polygon.com/news/ }

New Study Shows That Earth and Mars Had Different Origins

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{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

Triangle UFO Over RV Parking Lot, West Springfield City, Massachusetts UAP Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Oct 2, 2026

Location of sighting: West Springfield City, Massachusetts, USA

Source: NUFORC

 

This report just in. A person in an RV park was looking up at the sky and noticed a spinning triangle craft passing over him. The craft is not a normal triangle but more diamond like as its moving its also slowly turning. This causes it to blur a bit making it difficult to get a good screenshot. I don't see LEDs on the craft, but it does have light surrounding it...as if a static charge was causing the entire craft to gently light up. This shape of UAP is very rare so this video really tells us that its spinning about once every 4-5 seconds. 

Scott C. Waring - UFO Sightings Daily

 

Eyewitness states: 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

NASA targets mysterious hole on the moon in hunt for vast underground cave

• READ MORE: I saw unreleased UFO files at a secret meeting in the Tennessee mountains. We prayed after seeing what these 'humanoid beings' did... the world is not prepared

By STACY LIBERATORE, US SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EDITOR

A mysterious hole on the moon's surface could open into a vast underground world.

NASA has selected a project to investigate the opening, known as the Marius Hills Pit, and determine whether it leads to a cavern that could shelter future astronauts from radiation and extreme temperatures.

The project, known as the Geophysical Instruments for Marius Lunar Pit Investigation (GIMLI), will combine ground-penetrating radar, seismic sensors and a device to measure the the local gravitational field to see below the surface. 

Located in one of the moon's most volcanically varied regions, the pit is about as deep as a 10-story building is tall, with an opening roughly the size of an American football field.

It is one of about 300 pits identified on the lunar surface, some of which could provide entrances to caves formed by ancient volcanic activity. It was found by Japan's SELENE spacecraft in 2009.

The team, which announced the project on Monday, said it also plans 'to study more than the possible underground structure.'

The surrounding area has experienced a long history of volcanic activity, and the walls of MHP expose layers of regolith and lava flows that normally remain buried. 

Examining these layers could show how lava once moved across and beneath the lunar landscape and whether individual eruptions were separated by long intervals. 

NASA has selected a project to investigate a hole on the lunar surface, known as the Marius Hills Pit. The initiative will determine whether it leads to a cavern that could shelter future astronauts from radiation and extreme temperatures

NASA has tapped the Planetary Science Institute (PSI) to lead the investigation.

The American space agency said that if such a cavern exists beneath the lunar surface, it could one day protect astronauts from radiation and the dramatic temperature swings on the lunar surface.

Radiation levels on the lunar surface are roughly 2.6 times higher than on the International Space Station (ISS), which orbits about 250 miles above Earth's surface, and about 200 times higher than on Earth.

If astronauts were exposed to such levels, they would face serious health risks, including cancer, cell damage and acute radiation sickness.

Rather than relying only on observations from above, GIMLI will provide researchers with an opportunity to examine Marius Hills Pit directly from the lunar surface. 

PSI Associate Director and Senior Scientist Than Putzig said in a statement: 'It's long been a desire of mine to reintroduce intentional active-source seismic methods to planetary science, as it has essentially not been done since the Apollo astronauts conducted the first seismic surveys on the moon.

'Combining that method with ground-penetrating radar and gravity measurements makes it all the more exciting, as these methods together will allow us to get a much better understanding of subsurface properties, including the anticipated detection of a lava tube extending away from the Marius Hills Pit.'

Even if an underground cave is not found, lunar pits are valuable because their walls expose otherwise hidden geology.

Located in one of the moon's most volcanically varied regions, the pit is about as deep as a 10-story building is tall, with an opening roughly the size of an American football field

Any underground spaces connected to them could also preserve evidence of the volcanic processes that helped shape the moon. 

Gareth Morgan, PSI Senior Scientist and Deputy Principal Investigator on the GIMLI program, said: 'Confirming a substantial lava tube would give us an insight into how volcanism operated on the moon.

'Lava tubes are a common feature of basaltic volcanism on Earth, so identifying them on the moon means we could use knowledge of such terrestrial caves to better understand lunar history.' 

The project comes as NASA plans to land astronauts on the moon during the Artemis IV mission in 2028. 

When the crew reaches the moon, two astronauts will descend to the surface and spend approximately a week near the South Pole of the moon conducting new science before returning to lunar orbit to join their crew for the journey back to Earth

{ https://www.dailymail.com/sciencetech/index.html }

Japan once dismissed UFOs. Now the government is investigating unexplained sightings seriously

IMAGE SOURCE: JACOB WACKERHAUSEN/GETTY IMAGES

Japan is taking UFO sightings more seriously

UAP stands for unidentified aerial phenomena, which is a new term for the mystery aircraft once simply called UFOs. Recently, on August 7, 2026, the U.S. Department of War released more new materials related to UFO sightings around the world. 

And now Japan is paying closer attention to these sightings than ever before. The Japanese government has now launched a UFO investigation after the U.S. Department of Defense marked a region as a "hotspot" for sightings. Here's how the country is looking into this matter so far.

IMAGE SOURCE: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF WAR

Japan once said UFOs didn’t exist

IMAGE SOURCE: RAY MASSEY/GETTY IMAGES

Then the sightings became a security issue

IMAGE SOURCE: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF WAR

Lights above a nuclear plant pushed lawmakers to act

IMAGE SOURCE: MARHARYTA MARKO/GETTY IMAGES

Japan says it is watching, but it won't promise to share

{ https://starlust.org/gallery/ }

METEOROLOGISTS DISMISS 'ALIEN CRAFT' CLOUD AS RARE OPTICAL PHENOMENON AS VIRAL VIDEO SHOWS FIGURE WALKING INSIDE

Gary Franchi

Debate surrounds rare cloud formations and potential misidentifications as alien phenomena. 

Next  News Editorial Illustrati

A social media post from the account @MarioNawfal claims that a rare mirror-prism crystal-shelf cloud is actually an alien craft, and that witnesses can see a figure walking inside it. The post, published on October seventh, includes an image description showing what appears to be a humanoid silhouette inside the cloud formation.

The post reads: "🛸 Meteorologists be like: It's just a mirror-prism crystal-shelf cloud. So rare! Definitely not an alien craft! Meanwhile, these things are starting to hum the song from Close Encounters! You can literally see someone walking... WTF is this?!" The post attributes the text to a writer identified as Jamie.

The image accompanying the post shows a cloud formation with a distinctive shelf-like structure. According to the image description, a humanoid figure appears to be visible inside the cloud. The description notes what the image shows, not what actually occurred. The post does not provide a location, date, or any independent source for the claim beyond the image itself.

The @MarioNawfal account is known for sharing viral content, often with a sensational framing. This post follows a pattern of presenting unusual weather phenomena as potential extraterrestrial activity, a recurring theme in online UFO communities.

The claim that the cloud is an alien craft is not supported by meteorological science. Mirror-prism crystal-shelf clouds, also known as fallstreak holes or hole-punch clouds, are a documented atmospheric phenomenon. They form when supercooled water droplets in a cloud suddenly freeze into ice crystals, creating a circular or elliptical hole with a trailing shelf of ice crystals. The effect can resemble a flying saucer or a tunnel, and the ice crystals can create prism-like optical effects.

The image description states that a humanoid figure is visible inside the cloud. This observation is based on a vision model analyzing the image. It is not independently confirmed. Pareidolia, the tendency to see faces or figures in random patterns, is a common explanation for such sightings.

The post does not name any meteorologist who made the statement attributed to them. It also does not provide a source for the "Close Encounters" humming claim, which appears to be a reference to the 1977 film in which an alien craft communicates through a musical tone. No audio is included in the post.

The @MarioNawfal post is the only coverage found on this subject. No other accounts or  news outlets have picked up the claim. The post itself does not cite any witnesses, experts, or official sources.

Next News Network could not independently verify the claim that the cloud is an alien craft, that a figure is walking inside it, or that the cloud is humming a tune. The image description provided with the post is an observation of what the image shows, not a factual account of what happened.

The post's framing suggests a skeptical view of meteorologists, implying they would dismiss the phenomenon as a rare cloud rather than consider an extraterrestrial explanation. This mirrors a broader trend in online discourse where unusual aerial phenomena are often interpreted as evidence of alien visitation, despite scientific explanations.

Mirror-prism crystal-shelf clouds are rare but well-documented. They have been photographed and studied by meteorologists around the world. The phenomenon occurs when the temperature and humidity conditions are just right for supercooled water to freeze rapidly. The resulting ice crystals can fall and create a shelf-like appearance. The optical effects can be striking, with prismatic colors similar to a rainbow.

The claim that a figure is walking inside the cloud is particularly notable. The image description, generated by a vision model, states that a humanoid silhouette is visible. This description is not a verified fact. It is an automated analysis of the image. The post presents this as evidence of an alien being, but no further details are provided.

The account @MarioNawfal has a history of sharing content that blends conspiracy theories with viral media. The account often posts about UFOs, unexplained phenomena, and political topics. This post fits that pattern, using a striking image and a provocative caption to generate attention.

The post does not provide any context about where or when the cloud was photographed. It also does not include any follow-up information or responses from meteorologists or aviation authorities. The absence of such details makes it difficult to assess the claim.

In the absence of independent verification, the post remains a social media claim. It is not a news report. It does not meet the standards of evidence required for factual reporting. The reader should treat it as an unverified assertion.

The post's reference to "Close Encounters" is a cultural touchstone. The film popularized the idea of aliens communicating through music. The post suggests the cloud is humming that tune, but no audio is provided. This claim is not supported by any evidence in the post.

The image description notes that the cloud has a mirror-prism crystal-shelf structure. This is consistent with the meteorological explanation. The description also notes the humanoid figure. The combination of a known atmospheric phenomenon with an ambiguous shape is often used to fuel speculation.

Next  News Network could not independently verify the claim that the cloud is an alien craft, that a figure is walking inside it, or that the cloud is humming a tune. The image description provided with the post is an observation of what the image shows, not a factual account of what happened.

Our Take

The left-wing media and their allies in the meteorological establishment want you to believe that every strange thing in the sky is just a rare cloud. They will trot out their experts and their jargon to dismiss what your eyes can plainly see. But the American people are not fooled. When a cloud looks like a craft, when you can see a figure walking inside it, and when it starts humming a tune from a famous alien movie, you have to ask questions. The mainstream media will not ask those questions because they are invested in maintaining the illusion that they have all the answers. They mock and deride anyone who dares to suggest that we are not alone. But the real story here is not the cloud. It is the arrogance of so-called experts who think they can tell you what to think. Next News Network will continue to report on the stories that the establishment wants to ignore. We will not be silenced by their condescension. The truth is out there, and we will keep asking the questions that the mainstream media refuses to ask.

{ https://nextnewsnetwork.com/}

A long, narrow cloud of water ice appears every morning near the Martian volcano Arsia Mons at a certain time of year. For years, scientists could not explain how it forms. Now they have managed to reproduce it in a computer model. To do so, they had to assume that water vapor freezes directly in the air, without the dust particles on which it usually condenses. Until now, such a process was considered impossible in the atmosphere of any planet.

The elongated cloud near Arsia Mons in an image taken by the European Space Agency’s Mars Express orbiter. Credit: ESA

The Cloud’s Morning Appearance

Every year during the dusty season, which falls in spring and summer in Mars’s southern hemisphere, a thin white streak of water ice appears on the leeward side of Arsia Mons. It forms daily at dawn. According to Gizmodo, the cloud stretches to 1,800 kilometers in just three hours before detaching from the mountain and disappearing.

This exceeds Ukraine’s extent from west to east, which is approximately 1,300 kilometers. On average, the streak grows by 600 kilometers every hour.

The Limits of Conventional Models

Regular images from the Mars Express orbiter have documented the cloud since 2018, according to ESA. Observations showed that it is an orographic cloud. These clouds form when air encounters elevated terrain and is forced upward, where it cools.

The Mars Express spacecraft. Image: ESA

On Earth, the mechanism behind their formation is well understood. Yet for years, models based on this knowledge failed to accurately reproduce the Martian cloud. The calculations were probably missing a physical process that had not previously been taken into account.

Ice Without Dust Particles

Clouds on Earth form through heterogeneous nucleation. Water vapor condenses on microscopic particles of dust, sea salt, and other dry substances. These particles are called condensation nuclei.

In theory, a cloud can also form without them. This process is called homogeneous nucleation. It requires extremely high humidity, so it is not considered a realistic mechanism for cloud formation under terrestrial conditions. Jorge Hernández-Bernal of Sorbonne University, the study’s lead author, explains that the vapor turns directly into ice particles—as though droplets of condensation were appearing in the middle of a room rather than on a windowpane.

When scientists added homogeneous nucleation to a weather model of Mars, the calculations reproduced the distinctive features of the cloud near Arsia Mons. The results were published on October 7 in the peer-reviewed journal Nature Geoscience. The authors describe them as the first evidence that water vapor in a planet’s atmosphere can freeze without condensation nuclei.

Supersaturated Martian Air

Air is described as supersaturated when it contains more water vapor than it can hold at a given temperature. Under ordinary conditions, ice forms on dust particles even at slight supersaturation. For homogeneous nucleation to occur on Mars, previous calculations suggested that the saturation level would need to be approximately 100,000 times higher.

The Martian atmosphere contains plenty of dust. Such extreme values were therefore considered unattainable, because the excess vapor should have condensed on particles long before that point.

However, both observations and models had already indicated that Martian air could be highly supersaturated with water vapor. Jorge Hernández-Bernal notes that such conditions had not previously been observed on Mars, but the new study provides compelling evidence that humidity there can indeed reach these extreme values.

A Wave Above the Volcano

According to the team’s explanation, wind flowing around Arsia Mons generates a powerful atmospheric wave because of the steep rise in the terrain. This wave rapidly lifts moist air to a high altitude. There, it cools abruptly, humidity rises sharply, and the vapor spontaneously freezes into cloud particles.

This hypothesis still needs to be confirmed. The authors note that the finding also has implications for certain clouds on Earth and possibly for the atmospheres of other planets.

• Posted in News, Science

New modelling of Mars’s most striking cloud

{ https://universemagazine.com/en/articles-en/ }

Mysterious Race Of Underground People Lived In the Arctic Along With Nenets

By Vicky Verma

There is no doubt that thousands of years ago, the Arctic region was inhabited by the Samoyedic ethnic group known as “Nenets” who live in tents. But there is a legend that there had lived a mysterious race called “Sikhirtya” or “Sihirtia” or “Sirtia” before the arrival of Nenets.

According to a Nenets’ legend, Sihirtians had light blue eyes, blonde hairs and they were very small in size. They used to live underground in the stunning daylight and only in the dark or in mist, they came out of their caves, using dogs and mammoths instead of deers for traveling in a search for prey. Sihirtians had supernatural abilities and mastered blacksmithing, fishing, and hunting.

 Sikhirtya statue made by Nenets artist Evgeniy Salind

 Sikhirtya statue made by Nenets artist Evgeniy Salinder

It is believed that Sihirtians were not the indigenous people, they came to the North from over the sea thousands of years ago to Yamal and later spread their culture to the peninsula. They were highly skilled in comparison to Nenets. Sihirtians did not live in tents like Nenets but in dugouts that had the entrance from the top. The Nenets said that the Sihirtians had underground storerooms with strict security to the entrance.

Read also:

• Mysterious Masks & Stone Flutes Found In South America Hint Giants Lived On Earth
• Mohenjo-Daro: Ancient Indian City Destroyed By Nuclear Weapon 4000 Years Ago
• Mysterious Figurines Collection Of Humanoids With Dinosaurs & UFOs Baffled Scientists
• Ancient Egyptians Worshipped God Sobek With Reptile Head & Why Are There Crocodile Mummies?

At first, Nenets and Sihirtians had no cultural or personal clash, but the Nenets increased the number of deers they need grassy land for their herd to feed. Sihirtians might have been skilled but they lacked the fighting skills, due to which they had to abandon their earthen houses and went to dungeons to graze their mammoths.

In 2017, during an archeology expedition in the Tazovsky peninsula, a grave of the young child was discovered, he died between the age of three and seven in the late 15th or early 16th centuries. After excavating the burial, a team of researchers led by Alexander Tkachev of the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography of Tyumen State University found that ‘elite’ headgear embellished with bronze decorations and iron rings on his grave. Such evidence helped the experts to confirm that the grave belonged to the indigenous Sihirtian people.

“When we dug down, we thought the grave was almost empty, but then we saw two knives and were very surprised. When we noticed the pieces of fur and woolen cloth along with the decorations – and understood it was impressive headwear – we were really shocked,” Tkachev said.

Indeed, archeologists have discovered 4000-year-old sites in the Arctic region, dating back to the bronze age. They unearthed metal pendants, carved tools, and ancient pottery that belonged to the non-Samoyed race. French explorer Pierre-Martin de la Martinierre described Nenets as the sorcerers in his “Voyage des pais septentrionaux,” publhsed in 1671. Besides, during his trip from Copenhagen to the Russian coast, he met mysterious short people who wore the white fur of polar bears and lived in homes of fishbones and moss.

Among many Nenets’ folklore, there is a story when two sisters saw an extremely small man with white hair on a fog-like cloud, floating towards them, who could communicate with fish. In another story, when one family stopped to give rest to their reindeer, they spotted a beautiful tiny girl in a shiny silver button dress who was asleep on the grass.

According to some myth, the people of Sikhirtya went underground, lived there and most probably still resting there. While others say that some Sihirtians mixed with the Nenets, others left their homes or died.

RELATED

{ https://howandwhys.com/ }

Physicist Thomas Campbell Says He Has Entered Other Realities and Spoken With Beings There

Campbell has discussed these experiences for years, but during his appearances on The Joe Rogan Experience, he gave an unusually detailed explanation of what he believes is actually happening. His description differs sharply from the familiar idea of a soul simply floating out of the body and traveling somewhere else. Campbell believes consciousness was never physically inside the body to begin with.

Thomas Campbell worked for NASA as part of the Ares I program, which was a project aimed at developing a rocket to replace the Space Shuttle and send astronauts to space, including missions to the Moon and Mars. His role focused on risk assessment and solving technical problems to ensure mission and crew safety.

In his model, the human body is more like an avatar being used by consciousness. The physical world itself is a virtual reality generated from information, while consciousness exists outside that virtual reality as the actual player receiving the information.

This is why Campbell thinks the expression “non-physical entity” can be misleading. Something may appear non-physical to us simply because it does not exist inside the particular reality system we currently inhabit.

He compared the situation to playing a computer game such as World of Warcraft. A character inside the game exists entirely within the rules and environment of that virtual world. From the character’s perspective, the human player sitting at a computer would exist completely outside its universe.

The player would therefore be “non-physical” relative to the game world, even though the player obviously exists somewhere else.

Campbell believes something similar may be happening with consciousness. We experience ourselves as human beings because consciousness is receiving the information stream that defines this particular physical reality. Everything we see, hear, touch, and experience is part of that stream.

Changing realities, according to Campbell, does not require consciousness to physically travel through space. Instead, it requires changing the information stream to which consciousness is paying attention.

He compared it to leaving World of Warcraft and opening The Sims. The player has not physically climbed out of one universe and flown into another. The player has simply stopped receiving information from one virtual world and begun interacting with another.

Campbell says this is essentially what an out-of-body experience really is. Instead of consciousness literally separating from the skull and flying around, he believes consciousness stops focusing on the data stream that creates our normal physical experience and connects with a different stream. That new information can define another reality with its own environment, event,s and inhabitants.

Campbell claims there may be an enormous number of these reality systems.

During his 2025 conversation with Joe Rogan, he said that when he enters one of these other reality frames, he can sometimes encounter beings there and communicate with them. He described having conversations in which he tried to understand where they came from, while they attempted to understand him and the reality from which he came.

For Campbell, encounters like these are not necessarily meetings with extraterrestrials who flew across physical space in spacecraft. In his model, another consciousness could belong to an entirely different virtual reality system.

From our perspective, such a being would appear “non-physical” simply because its normal reality is not ours. Campbell described two different ways he says he can experience these realities.

In one, he remains more like an outside observer. He can see what is happening and understand the beings or avatars inside the other reality, but he does not experience himself as physically standing among them. He claims communication can still happen telepathically, through direct exchanges of information between consciousnesses.

Campbell says that if a person has developed what he describes as a good working relationship with the Larger Consciousness System, that system can effectively insert the person into another reality. Instead of observing from outside, Campbell says he can then experience having a body inside that world.

He told Rogan that once this happens, he can exist there temporarily like anyone else in that reality. He can walk around, interact with the environment,nt and meet its inhabitants. Campbell specifically said that he could “shake hands and hug and walk around” and do what the beings native to that reality could do.

Rogan then asked Campbell whether he had personally experienced this. Campbell answered that he had, “dozens of times.” When Rogan asked how long it had taken him to reach that level, Campbell estimated roughly 25 to 30 years.

That detail is important because Campbell does not portray these experiences as something he simply discovered how to do after a few meditation sessions. He describes them as the result of decades spent learning how to detach his awareness from ordinary sensory information while maintaining stability in another information stream.

Campbell believes the process becomes progressively easier with practice. Someone learning meditation may only be able to quiet their thoughts briefly before normal mental activity returns. In the same way, he says someone beginning to explore altered reality states may have difficulty maintaining the experience before ordinary physical awareness takes over again.

He claims that after enough practice, a person can remain connected to another reality for much longer periods without the experience collapsing. What makes Campbell’s most recent discussion even more unusual is that he now says he does not always have to completely leave awareness of this reality in order to connect with another one.

During his newer 2026 interview with Rogan, Campbell again described reaching a state in which normal sensory information can be allowed to fade into the background. Once sight, sound, touch,uch and other physical sensations stop dominating his attention, he says he can direct his intent elsewhere, obtain information,tion and communicate with other consciousnesses.

But after decades of practice, Campbell claims he can now sometimes do this while remaining engaged here. He told Rogan that he could be having an ordinary conversation in this physical reality while simultaneously making a connection somewhere else. He even said he can sometimes “parallel process” two or three different reality systems at the same time.

Campbell describes it less like traveling to another place and more like learning to handle multiple streams of information simultaneously. He says he did not immediately accept these experiences at face value. His background in physics made him suspicious of experiences that could simply be imagination or hallucination, so he says much of his early exploration was devoted to finding information he could later check.

In the new interview, Campbell said he spent roughly five to eight years concentrating heavily on what he considered evidential experiments. He would attempt to perceive places or information without ordinary sensory access and then see whether what he perceived matched what was actually there.

Only after years of experimenting this way, he says, did he begin moving further into communication with other consciousnesses and exploration of different reality systems.

The underlying idea is that consciousness, in Campbell’s model, is not trapped inside an individual brain. He believes all consciousness exists as part of a much larger information system and can potentially exchange information directly.

This is also why Campbell believes telepathy, remote viewing, and other phenomena usually dismissed as paranormal are possible. They are not supernatural within his theory because consciousness does not need to send every piece of information through ordinary physical channels.

He divides the way humans process information into two broad forms. The intellectual side works through reasoning, language, analysi,s and existing data. The intuitive side receives information more directly, sometimes creating the feeling of suddenly knowing something without knowing how the answer was obtained.

Campbell argues that modern society develops the intellectual side intensely while leaving the intuitive side largely untrained. For him, exploring other realities requires developing that neglected intuitive channel.

One reason Campbell’s ideas about other beings are so unusual is that he does not assume every strange entity encountered in an altered state must represent an independently existing individual. His model allows several possibilities.

Some beings, he believes, could genuinely be other consciousnesses operating within their own reality systems. But he also thinks the Larger Consciousness System itself can generate experiences for a person when those experiences serve some purpose.

Campbell describes our physical universe almost like a learning environment for consciousness. Experiences force individuals to make decisions, and those decisions reveal and gradually change the quality of the consciousness making them.

That same principle, he says, can apply outside ordinary physical reality.

A person entering another reality may encounter situations designed to challenge fear, ego, or expectations. Campbell has described frightening beings appearing during some of his earlier explorations. At first, he reacted defensively and treated them as threats.

Over time, he began interpreting those encounters differently.

Instead of assuming every terrifying figure was an evil creature trying to attack him, Campbell began viewing some of them as challenges showing him his own fear and aggression. He says that as his reactions changed, those frightening experiences eventually stopped occurring in the same way.

This leads to an important distinction in his worldview. Campbell believes other consciousnesses exist, but he does not claim that every entity someone sees during an altered state is necessarily a separate being.

Some may be other consciousnesses. Some experiences may be generated by the Larger Consciousness System. Others may be heavily influenced by the expectations, fears,s and interpretations of the person experiencing them.

The experience can feel completely real in all of those cases because, according to Campbell, physical reality itself is already an information-based experience.

This is also how he approaches the UFO and UAP phenomenon.

Campbell does not simply conclude that every strange craft or entity must be an extraterrestrial visitor arriving from another planet. He believes some phenomena could involve consciousness operating across different reality systems, while others could be experiences deliberately rendered by the Larger Consciousness System.

His idea is that humanity has become deeply committed to a materialist picture in which only physical matter is fundamentally real. An event that appears to violate that worldview could force people to consider the possibility that reality is much larger than they assumed.

Campbell has therefore suggested that some seemingly impossible UFO experiences may function as what could be called nudges. A strange craft that appears, performs maneuvers that seem impossible under ordinary assumptions, ns and then disappears could have an enormous psychological impact. In Campbell’s model, a virtual reality system capable of generating everything we normally see could also generate an extraordinary event when there was a reason to do so.

Campbell now says consciousness may not require a biological body at all. He defines consciousness in very simple terms as awareness with the ability to make choices. From that perspective, a sufficiently capable artificial intelligence could potentially become another kind of avatar through which consciousness operates.

He has even claimed that he trained AI systems, ems including Gemini and Alexa, to perform remote-viewing exercises. Campbell interprets what he considers successful results as evidence that consciousness may already be operating through some artificial systems.

Those claims remain highly controversial and have not been scientifically established as evidence that AI systems are conscious or capable of remote viewing. But they reveal how far Campbell takes the logic of his model.

To him, the material used to build an avatar is secondary.

A human body is made primarily from biological material. An AI runs through electronic hardware. A being in another virtual reality might possess a body constructed according to an entirely different rule set.

The important thing, according to Campbell, is the consciousness using the avatar. This is why the phrase “non-physical being” takes on such a strange meaning in his worldview. The being itself does not have to be unreal, ghostly, or imaginary. It may simply belong to a reality that is not being rendered inside ours.

From its perspective, Campbell argues, we could be the non-physical entities.

A consciousness native to another reality system might experience its own environment as solid, ordinary and completely physical, just as we experience ours. If it became aware of a human consciousness communicating from somewhere outside its world, we would be the mysterious beings existing beyond its physical universe.

{ https://howandwhys.com/ }

Confidential documents commanding the searching and destroying of UFOs.

Image by Cybernews.

 Marcus Walsh - Journalist

1. Robert F. Kennedy Jr. said a group told him about UFO crash retrieval programs.
2. Kennedy claimed teams could call in craft and had orders to destroy and recover them.
3. He offered no tangible evidence, and Rep. Anna Paulina Luna stressed the need for proof.
4. Reddit users split between examining the claims and dismissing them as distraction or delusion.

A UFO shining above a roulette wheel. Image by Cybernews.

Reddit reaction to Kennedy Jr. UFI claims.

Reddit reaction to Kennedy Jr. UFI claims.

{ https://cybernews.com/news/ }

The Phoenix Lights: A baffling mass UFO sighting

On 13th March 1997, thousands witnessed the Phoenix Lights in Arizona. Bradley Walsh now investigates this UFO sighting in Sky HISTORY’s Out of This World.

On the evening of 13th March 1997, a man in Nevada was minding his own business when he suddenly noticed something peculiar in the sky. He would later describe it as a flying V-shaped formation. He wouldn’t be the only one to see it.

Over the next few hours, reports came flooding in from thousands more onlookers as the airborne ‘V’ made its way southeast across Nevada and Arizona. There was a consistent theme to the sightings. This UFO’s enclosure was said to be lined with five to seven lights reminiscent of orbs.

This spectacle came to be known as the ‘Phoenix Lights’ in Arizona, where video footage of the amazing sight was captured. But was it really an extraterrestrial spacecraft, or something much more down-to-earth (literally)? Sky HISTORY regular Bradley Walsh investigates in his new series, Out of This World starting Tuesday, 3rd November, but what do we actually know about the lights that stopped a city?

What did witnesses report seeing?

Back in the ‘90s, we didn’t have smartphones with built-in cameras. However, when people did see the Phoenix Lights in Arizona, they were still mindful to film them on their ‘90s camcorders. Footage from the VHS tapes has even been uploaded to YouTube, where you can check it out today.

When you do watch the YouTube clips, you’ll notice that many of them show a steady string of lights apparently suspended in the night sky. The lights appear to move forward together in unison, with some occasionally flickering out of sight. Stranger still are witnesses’ accompanying descriptions of what their humble cameras of the time weren’t quite able to capture.

‘We could see the outline of a mass behind the lights, but you couldn’t actually see the mass,’ Dana Valentine claimed. ‘It was more like a gray distortion of the night sky, wavy.’ Another witness, Tim Ley, concurred: ‘All you could see was the outline, as though something was blotting out the stars.’

The shadowy shape was commonly estimated to be about a mile wide.

What were the Phoenix Lights in Arizona?

The US Air Force had an answer. According to military officials, a group of A-10 Thunderbolt jets from the Maryland Air National Guard happened to be flying above Arizona that night. The pilots were on a training mission, with their jets collectively forming a V-shaped pattern. The good people of Phoenix, Arizona could see the aircraft lights, but the jets’ bodies were mainly shrouded in darkness.

This all happened between 7:55pm to 8:40pm, corresponding with the initial sightings of the Phoenix Lights. So, why had seemingly the same lights re-emerged later that evening, after 9pm? They weren’t the same, if officials are to be believed. These later lights were explained away as parachute-equipped flares released by A-10 pilots training near the Barry M Goldwater Air Force Range.

Amateur astronomer Mitch Stanley did recall seeing planes when peering through his telescope into the Arizona night sky that evening. Had this particular UFO sighting been something of a damp squib? The then-Governor of Arizona, Fife Symington III, certainly seemed to treat it as one. At a press conference in June 1997, he jokingly brought out 'the guilty party' responsible for the lights: an aide in an alien costume.

The Maryland Air National Guard would not acknowledge its flare drops until the following month. Even then, some remained convinced that Symington had simply found the wrong alien…

Could it have been aliens after all?

Witnesses to the Phoenix Lights have dismissed the idea that they were simply planes. Several claimed that the lights moved too slowly to be manmade aircraft, and were completely inaudible. There are even reports of the UFO abruptly vanishing, as if escaping into space or another dimension.

So, what about the flares theory? Does that stand up? Not according to a pilot who spoke on the programme Unsolved Mysteries in 1999. The anonymous interviewee insisted that they knew from experience what flares genuinely looked like from the ground and air. They also pointed out that flares are ‘dangerous, so they would never, ever be dropped over a population centre.’ The population of Phoenix numbered in the millions.

Even Symington eventually retracted his previous public sentiments about the Phoenix Lights in Arizona. He confessed to seeing the UFO himself, adding: ‘I’m a pilot and I know just about every machine that flies. It was bigger than anything that I’ve ever seen. It remains a great mystery.’

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{ https://www.history.co.uk/ }

UFO spotted over Monaco!