Astronomers baffled by mysterious object coming to Earth

Astronomers baffled by mysterious object coming to Earth
Unknown Object Appears in Field of View of ISS Camera
Two silver objects behaving oddly in the sky above Sydney TODAY!

This was filmed today over Sydney, Australia!
Witness report:
About 11am 28/09/2020 two office associates noticed a round silver object moving at steady pace from north to south coming from about above the Gladesville area. After returning from getting a phone to record the object we noticed a second object high in the sky about Balmain/ Pyrmont area. The two objects began to slowly dance about in the sky by a cloud and one began to tumble forward whilst the other moved straight up into and through the cloud. Both objects were very shiny they caught and reflected the sun brightly. The objects continued this behavior for about 10 minutes and disappeared.
This area is directly in the flight path from Sydney airport. They were far too small to be areoplanes and they were too round and without a tail or visible rotor to be helicopters. I don’t believe they were drones as they were about the size of a small (pinky) fingernail to the naked eye.
Don’t forget to follow us on Youtube for the latest UFO videos.
Link: youtube.com/c/LUFOS-UFO
Big UFO/ORB over Odessa, Ukraine 8-Sep-2020

Check our this huge bright unidentified flying object flying over the sky above Odessa in Ukraine. This happened on 8th September 2020.
Witness report:
I noticed a faintly glowing object that stood out from the background as it was 10 degrees above the horizon. A bright white glow with increasing intensity, the brightness has increased to a magnitude of -3 or -4, it’s like the brightness of Jupiter or Venus, one of the brightest planets. It took me about 15 seconds to pick up a 5x magnification night vision device. A UFO arose in the south over the sea, near the coast 5 km away, filmed from the village of Kotovsky, a wanderer was moving towards the city of Odessa, and Zhivakhova Gora, this place with a hill in the form of a mountain by the sea, in ancient times was a cult place of Greek colonists, now a place of anomalous zones. I rotated focus on the night vision device in an attempt to sharpen and see the possible outlines of the object emitting light but saw nothing but a bright circular sphere, even when the object faded, the sphere shrank to a small point and disappeared. I shot for another minute, in case an object suddenly reappears, but it disappeared from the sight of even infrared radiation invisible to humans, but visible to the device.
What is a galaxy?
We live in a galaxy called the Milky Way. But there is so much more to know about these grand and glorious star islands in space! Click in here, and prepare to have your mind expanded.
This is a giant galaxy cluster known as Abell 2744, aka Pandora’s Cluster, located in the direction of the constellation Sculptor. The cluster is about 4 million light-years across and has the mass of 4 trillion suns. It appears to be the result of a simultaneous pile-up of at least 4 separate, smaller galaxy clusters that took place over a span of 350 million years. Read more about this image at HubbleSite. Image via NASA/ ESA/ J. Lotz/ M. Mountain/ A. Koekemoer/ the Hubble Frontier Fields Team.
A galaxy is a vast island of stars in an ocean of space. Galaxies are typically separated from one another by huge distances measured in millions of light-years. Galaxies are sometimes said to be the building blocks of our universe. Their distribution isn’t random, as one might suppose: galaxies are strung out along unimaginably long filaments across the universe, a cosmic web of star cities.
A galaxy can contain hundreds of billions of stars and be many thousands of light-years across. Our own galaxy, the Milky Way, is around 100,000 light-years in diameter. That’s about 587,900 trillion miles, nearly a million trillion kilometers.
Galaxies are of widely varying sizes, too.
There are an estimated two trillion galaxies in the universe.
Illustration showing snapshots from a simulation by astrophysicist Volker Springel of the Max Planck Institute in Germany. It represents the growth of cosmic structure (galaxies and voids) when the universe was 0.9 billion, 3.2 billion and 13.7 billion years old (now).
Image via Volker Springel / MPE/ Kavli Foundation.
Galaxies group together in clusters. Our own galaxy is part of what is called the Local Group, for example: a cluster comprising 55 galaxies that we know of so far.
In turn, galaxy clusters themselves group into superclusters. Our Local Group is part of the Virgo Supercluster.
The “glue” that binds stars into galaxies, galaxies into clusters, clusters into superclusters and superclusters into filaments is – of course – gravity, the universe’s construction worker, which sculpts all the structures we see in the cosmos.
Distances from the Local Group for selected groups and clusters within the Local Supercluster, which is called the Virgo Supercluster.
There are several basic types of galaxy, each containing sub-types. Galaxies were first systematically classified, based on their visual appearance, by the famous astronomer Edwin P. Hubble in the late 1920s and 30s, during years of painstaking observations. Hubble’s Classification of Galaxies, as it is known, is still very much in use today, although, since Hubble’s time, like any good classification system it has been updated and amended in the light of new observations.
Before Hubble’s study of galaxies, it was believed that our galaxy was the only one in the universe. Astronomers thought that the smudges of light they saw in their telescopes were in fact nebulae within our own galaxy and not, as Hubble discovered, galaxies in their own right. It was Hubble who demonstrated, by measuring their velocities, that they lie at great distances from us, millions of light-years beyond the Milky Way, distances so huge that they appear tiny in all but the largest telescopes. Moreover, he demonstrated that, wherever he looked, galaxies are receding from us in all directions, and the further away they are, the faster they are receding. Hubble had discovered that the universe is expanding.
A diagrammatic representation of Edwin Hubble’s “tuning fork diagram.” In the late 1920s and 30s, Hubble conducted the laborious observations needed to begin to classify galaxies. His original classification scheme was published in 1936 in a book called “The Realm of the Nebulae.” His original scheme is – like all scientific work – continually being modified. But his idea of a “tuning fork diagram” has continued to be useful.
Image via Las Cumbres Observatory.
The most common type of galaxy is the one most people are familiar with: the spiral galaxy. The Milky Way is of this family. Spiral galaxies have majestic, sweeping arms, thousands of light years long, made up of millions upon millions of stars. Our solar system is situated about 2/3 of the way out from the galactic center towards the periphery of the galaxy, embedded in one of these spiral arms.
Spiral galaxies are also characterised by having a bright center, made up of a dense concentration of stars, so tightly packed that from a distance the galaxy’s center looks like a solid ball. This ball of stars is known as the galactic bulge. At the center of the Milky Way – within the galactic bulge – the density of stars has been calculated at 1 million per 34 cubic light-years, for example.
Meanwhile, in the vicinity of our sun, the stellar density has been estimated as 0.004 stars per cubic light-year. Big difference!
A stunning view of the center of our Milky Way galaxy as seen by the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) telescope in Australia in 2019.
Image via Natasha Hurley-Walker (ICRAR/ Curtin)/ GLEAM Team/ Phys.org.
The Milky Way is, in fact, in one of Hubble’s spiral galaxy sub-types: it’s a barred spiral, which means it has a bar of stars protruding out from either side of the center. The ends of the bar form the anchors of the spiral arms, the place from where they sweep out in their graceful and enormous arcs. This is a fairly recent discovery: how the bar forms in a galaxy is not yet understood.
Also established recently is the fact that the disk of the Milky Way is not, as most diagrams depict, flat: it is warped, like a long-playing vinyl record left too long in the sun. Exactly why is not known, but it is thought to be the result of a gravitational encounter with another galaxy early in the Milky Way’s history.
Elliptical galaxies are the universe’s largest galaxies. They are huge and football-shaped.
They come to be because – although most galaxies are flying apart from each other – those astronomically close to each other will be mutually gravitationally attracted. Caught in an inexorable gravitational dance, eventually they merge, passing through each other over millions of years, eventually forming a single, amorphous elliptical galaxy. Such mergers may result in the birth of new generations of stars as gravity’s shock-wave compresses huge clouds of interstellar gas and dust.
The Milky Way is caught in such a gravitational embrace with M31, aka the Andromeda galaxy, which is 2 1/2 million light-years distant. Both galaxies are moving toward each other because of gravitational attraction: they will merge in about 6 billion years from now. However, both galaxies are surrounded by huge halos of gas which may extend for millions of light-years, and it was recently discovered that the halos of the Milky Way and M31 have started to touch.
The two galaxies have had their first kiss.
Galaxy mergers are not uncommon: the universe is filled with examples of galaxies in various stages of merging together, their structures disrupted and distorted by gravity, forming bizarre and beautiful shapes.
Galaxies may take billions of years to fully merge into a single galaxy. As astronomers look outward in space, they can see only “snapshots” of this long merger process. Located 300 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices, these 2 colliding galaxies have been nicknamed The Mice because of the long tails of stars and gas emanating from each galaxy. Otherwise known as NGC 4676, the pair will eventually merge into a single giant galaxy.
Image via Wikimedia Commons.
At the lower end of the galactic size scale, there are the so-called dwarf galaxies, consisting of a few hundred to up to several billion stars. Their origin is not clear. Usually they have no clearly defined structure. Astronomers believe they were born in the same way as larger galaxies like the Milky Way, but for whatever reason they stopped growing. Ensnared by the gravity of a larger galaxy, they orbit its periphery. The Milky Way has around 20 dwarf galaxies orbiting it that we know of, although some models predict there should be many more.
The two most famous dwarf galaxies for us earthlings are, of course, the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds, visible to the unaided eye in Earth’s Southern Hemisphere sky.
Eventually, these and other dwarf galaxies will be ripped apart by the titanic maw of the Milky Way’s gravity, leaving behind a barely noticeable stream of stars across the sky, slowly dissipating over eons.
Lynton Brown captured this beautiful image of the Milky Way over Taylor’s Lake near Horsham, Australia, on April 22, 2019. The 2 objects on the right are the Magellanic Clouds. Thank you, Lynton!
It is believed that all galaxies rotate: the Milky Way takes 226 million years to spin around once, for example. Since its birth, therefore, the Earth has travelled 20 times around the galaxy.
At the center of most galaxies lurks a supermassive black hole, of millions or even billions of solar masses. The record holder, TON 618, has a mass 66 billion times that of our sun.
The origin and evolution of supermassive black holes are not well understood. A few years ago, astronomers uncovered a surprising fact: in spiral galaxies, the mass of the supermassive black hole has a direct linear relationship with the mass of the galactic bulge. The more mass the black hole has, the more stars there are in the bulge. No one knows exactly what the significance of this relationship is, but its existence seems to indicate that the growth of a galaxy’s stellar population and that of its supermassive black hole are inextricably linked.
This discovery comes at a time when astronomers are beginning to realize that a supermassive black hole may control the fate of its host galaxy: the copious amounts of electromagnetic radiation emitted from the maelstrom of material orbiting the central black hole, known as the accretion disk, may push away and dissipate the clouds of interstellar hydrogen from which new stars form. This acts as a throttle on the galaxy’s ability to give birth to new stars. Ultimately, the emergence of life itself may be tied to the activity of supermassive black holes. This is an area of much ongoing research.
While astronomers still know very little about exactly how galaxies formed in the first place – we see them in their nascent forms existing only a few hundred million years after the Big Bang – the study of galaxies is an endless voyage of discovery.
Less than a hundred years after it was realized that other galaxies beside our own exist, we have learned so much about these grand, majestic star cities. And there is still much to learn.
Bottom line: What is a galaxy? Learn about these starry islands in space.
UFO Documentary THE PHENOMENON Lands On October 6“70 years of secrecy has led to this.”
— Jacques Vallee, world renowned scientist and UFO researcher
Movies about visitors from another world have been common place in the zeitgeist of popular culture since the likes of THE THING FROM ANOTHER WORLD, THE WAR OF THE WORLDS, THE DAY THE EARTH STOOD STILL and INVASION OF THE BODY SNATCHERS hit cinemas in the 1950’s
Now comes the explosive documentary THE PHENOMENON.
From director James Fox, this film being hailed as the most revealing and credible examination of the long-standing global cover up and mystery involving unidentified aerial phenomenon. Including shocking testimony from high-ranking government and military officials, NASA Astronauts, and riveting never-before seen footage, the timely film also reveals the monumental events behind the NY Times’ recent bombshell disclosure of The Pentagon’s secret UFO Program, and provides eye-opening evidence that mankind is not alone in the universe.
See it on October 6th.
With over 2 million views of the trailer within 24 hours, this film is sure to make a lot of noise. The hot topic film debuts just ahead of the presidential election, and on the heels the Pentagon’s announcement that Deputy Defense Secretary David Norquist approved the establishment of an Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Task Force (UAPTF), which will fall under the Navy. “The Department of Defense established the UAPTF to improve its understanding of, and gain insight into, the nature and origins of UAPs,” the Pentagon said. “The mission of the task force is to detect, analyze and catalog UAPs that could potentially pose a threat to U.S. national security.”
Chairman of the United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, Senator Marco Rubio, recently publicly said: “We have things flying over our military bases and places where we are conducting military exercises, and we don’t know what it is and it isn’t ours, so that’s a legitimate question to ask.”
Senator Harry Reid says “The Phenomenon is meritorious. It makes the incredible credible.” Former Senior CIA Officer Jim Semivan, calls it “The most important documentary of the year and the most accurate examination of the world’s greatest mystery.”
Narrated by Peter Coyote, the film includes Senator Harry Reid, President Clinton, President Ford, John Podesta, White House Chief of Staff for Clinton and advisor to Obama, Governor Bill Richardson, Former Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Intelligence, Christopher Mellon, NASA Astronauts, Governor Fife Symington, George Knapp, and Dr. Jacques Vallee, who was portrayed in Steven Spielberg’s Close Encounters of the Third Kind.

A Treasure in Ruins: Ancient Mehrgarh Lost to Thieves and Violence

Mehrgarh is an archaeological site situated in the Balochistan, in the southwestern part of Pakistan. In the native Balochi language, ‘mehr’ is said to mean ‘love’, and ‘garh’ means heaven. Thus, the name of the site may be taken to mean ‘the heaven of love’.
Mehrgarh is considered one of the most important Neolithic sites in South Asia, with some of the earliest evidence of agriculture discovered there. Thus, Mehrgarh is sometimes referred to as the earliest farming settlement in South Asia. Additionally, Mehrgarh is a precursor to the Indus Valley Civilization, one of the cradles of civilization . Archaeologists have divided the occupation of Mehrgarh into seven chronological periods, which provides a picture of how the site developed over the millennia.
Mehrgarh is located on the Kachi Plain, not far from the Bolan Pass, to the west of the Indus River. The Kachi Plain provides a favorable environment for human settlement due to the presence of water and arable soil, while the Bolan Pass is an important and strategic geographical feature that connects the region to the west.

A historical sketch from 1842 of Bolan Pass, Balochistan, Pakistan.
( Public Domain )
This pass is the gateway to the Indus Valley from the highlands of Afghanistan, beyond which is the Iranian Plateau and the Fertile Crescent in the Near East. In other words, it was this mountain pass that facilitated movement between the Indus Valley in the east and the other early civilizations in the west. Traders, invaders, and nomadic tribes have traversed this important pass over the millennia.
The Bolan Pass retained its strategic value well into modern times, when the British colonialists used it for their campaigns in Afghanistan. Mehrgarh lies between the modern Pakistani cities of Quetta, Kalat, and Sibi, while Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa, the two major urban centers of the Indus Valley Civilization , are located to its southeast and northeast respectively.
Unlike Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa, the discovery of Mehrgarh occurred at a rather late date. The existence of Mohenjo-Daro was known by archaeologists as early as 1911, although excavations only began in the 1920s. Harappa was already discovered in 1826, with the first excavations taking place in 1920.
Mehrgarh, on the other hand, was only discovered in 1974. It was the French archaeologist, Jean-François Jarrige, who made this discovery. Jarrige was a specialist in South Asian archaeology, and, apart from Mehrgarh, was also responsible for the excavation of sites such as Nausharo (located about 6 km (3.73 miles) from Mehrgarh), Pirak, Sibri, Dauda Damb, Lal Shah, Damboli, and Shah Ghair.

Ruins of Mehrgarh.
(M. Thoury et al./ CC BY 4.0 )
The site of Mehrgarh covers an area of 495 acres (200 hectares, 2 km 2). Jarrige and his team worked continuously there from 1974 to 1986. The excavations at Mehrgarh then stopped for a period of 10 years, before commencing once more in 1997. The archaeologists worked for another four years, and the campaign ended in 2000.
The excavations were carried out jointly by the French Archaeological Mission and the Department of Archaeology of Pakistan. The findings made by Jarrige and his team during their work at Mehrgarh have provided much insight into the lifestyle of the ancient people who lived there.
Mehrgarh is a classic tell site , a tell being an artificial mound created over time. As the occupants of the site built new structures over the ruins of old ones, the mound gradually increased in height, and, after many generations, forms a tell. A number of these artificial mounds have been excavated at Mehrgarh, and an archaeological sequence has been formed. The sequence has been divided into seven chronological periods – Mehrgarh Period I – VII.

Ruins of Mehrgarh.
(mhtoori/CC BY SA 4.0 )
The earliest known settlement at Mehrgarh can be found in the site’s northeastern corner, in an area referred to as MR3. In the archaeological sequence, this period is known as Mehrgarh Period I, and has been dated to between 7000 and 5500 BC. During this phase, which corresponds to the Neolithic period, Mehrgarh was a small village that relied on farming and animal husbandry for its survival.
The culture at this point was aceramic, which means that they were not making pottery, which is one of the features distinguishing the Neolithic from preceding ages. Instead, the inhabitants of Mehrgarh were using basket containers lined with bitumen (which made the vessels water-proof). The archaeological evidence also shows that people at that time were using copper ore that was obtained locally, as well as various stone and bone tools.

A 6,000-year-old copper "wheel" amulet from Mehrgarh.
(Abbas dhothar/ CC BY SA 4.0 )
The presence of foreign goods, seashells from distant seashores, and lapis lazuli from Afghanistan, suggests that the people of Mehrgarh were already in contact with the outside world.
During the Mehrgarh I Period, the occupants of the site lived in simple mud buildings that had four internal divisions. These houses were free-standing and rectangular in shape, while the mudbricks used for their construction have a long, cigar shape.
The form of these structures is quite similar to those found in 7th millennium BC Mesopotamia, and a connection between the two areas has been proposed. Further evidence supporting the link between Mehrgarh and Mesopotamia include the similarities in crafts, agricultural, and funerary practices.

7000 BC well in Mehrgarh.
(mhtoori/ CC BY SA 4.0 )
Mehrgarh is also notable for having the earliest archaeological evidence of agriculture in South Asia. The people who lived during the Mehrgarh I Period had access to plant foods such as domesticated and wild six-rowed barley, domestic einkorn and emmer wheat, and wild Indian jujube ( Zizyphus spp ) and date palms ( Phoenix dactylifera ).
In addition, meat was being consumed at Mehrgarh. The faunal remains of herded animals, such as sheep, goat, and cattle, as well as those of wild animals, including gazelle, water buffalo, and elephant were found in this archaeological layer. The types of hunted animals suggest that during this period the area of Balochistan was dominated by savannah.
Two other exciting findings were made by archaeologists – the earliest known example of cotton in the Old World and the earliest evidence for the drilling of human teeth in vivo , i.e. in a living person. The former was published in the Journal of Archaeological Science in 2002 and the latter was published in Nature in 2006.

An experimental reconstruction of a bow and flint-tipped drill used to bore through molar teeth found at a Neolithic graveyard in Mehrgarh, Pakistan.
The discovery of the cotton threads was made during the metallurgical study of a copper bead that came from a burial at Mehrgarh. As a result of mineralization, a few cotton threads were preserved, and therefore could be analyzed. With the aid of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a reflected-light microscope, the researchers were able to study the morphology of the fibers, and concluded that they were from cotton.
As for the discovery of the practice of proto-dentistry in Mehrgarh , the researchers identified a total of 11 drilled permanent crowns in nine individuals. The teeth were studied using light microscopy, SEM, and microtomography, and the results of these analyses showed the presence of conical, cylindrical, or trapezoidal cavities, as well as concentric ridges preserved on some walls.
All these are signs that the teeth had been drilled. In all cases, the researchers observed marginal smoothing of the cavity walls. This led them to the conclusion that the drilling had been done while the individuals were still alive, as they continued to chew with these teeth, hence the marginal smoothing.
Flint drill heads were part of the lithic assemblages of the site, and using experimental archaeology, the researchers found that less than a minute was needed to produce similar holes in human enamel with these tools. The researchers also postulated that the knowledge of drilling may have been first developed by artisans for the production of beads, and was later used to drill human teeth .
The next level of occupation is referred to as Mehrgarh Period II, and dates to between 5500 and 4800 BC. By this time, the people of Mehrgarh were producing ceramics . It seems that there was a shift in focus from the area of MR3 to a new one, MR4. During this period, agriculture was firmly established at the site, and the archaeologists found that locally domesticated barley (about 90%) was the main crop, though wheat from the Near East was also available to its inhabitants.

Mehrgarh painted pottery. 3000-2500 BC.
( CC0)
The archaeologists also excavated a number of sun-dried brick buildings. These were large and rectangular and were divided symmetrically into smaller squares or rectangles. The archaeologists were of the opinion that these were not houses like the ones excavated in the Mehrgarh Period I layer, as they did not have doors, and there was a lack of residential remains. Instead, they suggested that these structures were either granaries, or other warehouses that were shared by the entire community.
Other structural remains found at this level indicate that large scale production of craft goods had begun in Mehrgarh. These are standardized rooms surrounded by a large open space where the craftsmen would work. This aspect of life in Neolithic Mehrgarh is also evident in the material culture left behind at the site.

Seated Mother Goddess, 3000–2500 BC. Pakistan (Baluchistan) Mehrgarh style.
( CC0)
The primary product of these craftsmen were beads which are characteristic of the region. This tradition of bead making would last up until the time of the Indus Valley Civilization. During Mehrgarh Period II, craftsmen were making various types of beads. For instance, soft stone beads, such as limestone and steatite, were being made, possibly with stone or copper drills.
For harder types of stone, including agate and jasper, specialized stone drills would have been used. Marine shell ornaments were also being made in Mehrgarh. The beads and shell ornaments show that during the Mehrgarh II Period, there was an increase in the importation of non-local raw materials to the site.
This situation continued into the next period, Mehrgarh Period III, which lasted from around 4800 to 3500 BC, and is considered to be the Early Chalcolithic period. The focus of the settlement, however, shifted once more, this time to the area MR1. Like the preceding period, storage facilities and houses were unearthed by the archaeologists, though these structures were much more elaborate than their Neolithic counterparts. For instance, they had foundations of pebbles embedded in clay, and the buildings’ bricks were made with molds.
Mehrgarh Periods IV – VII lasted from about 3500 to 2500 BC and these levels belong to the Chalcolithic period. The inhabitants of the site shifted to MR1. During these periods, pottery and crafts continued to be manufactured at the site, though it is clear that there were stylistic changes.

Stylistic depictions of the Togau ware found at Mehrgarh shows how the Mehrgarh people moved towards a mass-production model for their pottery ware.
(Arun Reginald/ CC BY SA 4.0 )
At the end of the Mehrgarh Period VII, the site was largely abandoned. Around the same time, the Indus Valley Civilization was in its middle stages of development. It has been hypothesized that as a result of climatic changes, the region of Balochistan had become more arid and unsuitable for agriculture. As a consequence, the people of Mehrgarh migrated to the Indus Valley, where environmental conditions were more favorable.
Despite its significance, the site of Mehrgarh is in a sorry state today. While Mehrgarh is currently on UNESCO’s Tentative Heritage List, it has been alleged that the central government has not taken the site seriously. The blame has been placed on the government’s failure to present the site to UNESCO in an effective way.
Mehrgarh also faces other, more serious, problems. In 2002, the site became an unfortunate victim of a tribal feud between the Raisani and Rind tribes. Rockets fired by both tribes badly damaged the site. Additionally, although the site was under the control of the Raisani, the Rind also had claims over it. Not content with the way things were, the latter decided simply to bulldoze the site.
In addition to local problems, Mehrgarh faces international ones as well. In October 2014, the Italian authorities confiscated antiquities in Rome that were stolen from Mehrgarh. In a 2015 article, it was reported that the objects have not been repatriated yet due to bureaucratic red tape and the lack of interest from Pakistani authorities.

Archaeological Site of Mehrgarh in September 2018.
(mhtoori/ CC BY SA 4.0 )
Although the seizure of the smuggled antiquities in Rome is commendable, it does not address the root of the problem. The illegal trade of antiquities is rampant in Pakistan and is an issue that needs to be addressed if the future of Mehrgarh and other sites is to be guaranteed.
By Wu Mingren
Scientists Discovered an 'Improbable' World That Shouldn't Exist
ALS ER ALIENS ZIJN OP VENUS - MET HOEVELEN ZIJN ZE DAN?

Snelle berekeningen suggereren dat hun aantallen iets tegenvallen.
Het was wereldnieuws vorige week: in de atmosfeer van Venus was fosfine ontdekt. Een gas dat hier op aarde door bacteriën wordt geproduceerd en ook op Venus dus wel eens een spoor van leven zou kunnen zijn.
Andere kijk
De studie heeft onze kijk op Venus voorgoed veranderd. Waar de planeet tot voor kort gezien werd als het onleefbare tweelingzusje van de aarde – dat ongeveer net zo groot is als onze thuisplaneet, maar door een uit de hand gelopen broeikaseffect oppervlaktetemperaturen van zo’n 465 graden Celsius kent – bleek het nu opeens weleens leven te kunnen herbergen. Dat leven zou zich dan hoog in het wolkendek ophouden, waar de temperaturen rond de dertig graden Celsius liggen.
Het onderzoek deed het hart van menig astrobioloog harder kloppen en direct werd er al gefantaseerd over missies naar Venus, waarbij we actief naar die organismen op zoek zouden kunnen gaan. Maar het onderzoek riep ook heel wat vragen op. Want om wat voor organismen zou het dan gaan? En hoeveel waren het er? En zouden we wel in staat zijn om ze te detecteren?
Biomassa
Een eveneens vorige week verschenen studie gaat – met wat snelle berekeningen – op de twee laatste vragen in. Aan de hand van de fosfine-observaties hebben de onderzoekers Manasvi Lingam en Abraham Loeb de biomassa berekend die nodig is om de fosfine die in het wolkendek van Venus gespot is, te produceren. En de berekeningen wijzen uit dat die biomassa enkele malen kleiner is dan de gemiddelde biomassa die we in het wolkendek van de aarde aantreffen.
Volgens de onderzoekers ligt de gemiddelde dichtheid van de biomassa in Venus’ wolkendek rond de 10^-4 microgram per kubieke meter. “We moeten hierbij wel opmerken dat onze schattingen voor de gemiddelde dichtheid van de biomassa enkel geldt voor hypothetische microben die fosfine produceren,” zo schrijven de onderzoekers. De werkelijke biomassa kan dus veel hoger liggen, als er ook nog microben zijn die een andere stofwisseling kennen.
Bemoedigend
Op dit moment kunnen onderzoekers nog niet met zekerheid zeggen dat de fosfine in de atmosfeer van Venus het resultaat is van ijverige microben. Ze kunnen namelijk niet uitsluiten dat er op Venus een niet-biologisch proces speelt dat resulteert in de aanmaak van het gas. Het feit dat de hoeveelheid fosfine volgens dit onderzoek overeenkomt met een beperkte biomassa, is echter bemoedigend. Want afgaand op het feit dat Venus grotendeels onleefbaar is, zou je ook geen enorme biomassa verwachten, zo stellen de onderzoekers.
Detectie
Tegelijkertijd kun je je natuurlijk afvragen of het met zo’n beperkte biomassa niet veel lastiger wordt om dat leven op Venus te detecteren. Ook daar laten Lingam en Loeb zich in hun paper uit. “Het is plausibel dat kleine ruimtevaartuigen die gedurende een paar uren functioneel zijn in staat zijn om biomakers in Venus’ wolkendek te detecteren.”
Vervolgonderzoek is hard nodig. Hieruit zal allereerst moeten blijken of het fosfine-signaal inderdaad in de wat gematigdere regionen van Venus’ atmosfeer zijn oorsprong vindt. Als het bewijs voor leven op Venus zich tijdens die vervolgstudies blijft opstapelen, ligt een missie naar de planeet, met als doel het detecteren van leven, voor de hand. Studies zoals die van Lingam en Loeb kunnen dan helpen om zo’n missie vorm te geven. Nu blijven Lingam en Loeb benadrukken dat hun studie slechts een grove voorzet is; er zijn meer data en observaties nodig om een nauwkeuriger beeld te kunnen krijgen van eventueel leven op Venus. “Maar (onze analyse, red.) wijst er wel op dat missies gericht op het detecteren van leven betekenisvolle resultaten op kunnen leveren, zelfs als de dichtheid van de microben in Venus’ atmosfeer enkele malen lager ligt dan in de atmosfeer van de aarde.” En daarom is het volgens de onderzoekers ook belangrijk om na te gaan denken over wat er vanuit een engineering-oogpunt nodig is om een missie te ontwerpen die het voor eventuele levensvormen op Venus onmogelijk maakt om zich nog langer voor ons verborgen te houden.
Gerelateerde Video's, uitgekozen en gepost door peter2011
DE AARDE KRIJGT ER IN OKTOBER - TIJDELIJK - EEN MAANTJE BIJ!

DE AARDE KRIJGT ER IN OKTOBER - TIJDELIJK - EEN MAANTJE BIJ!
De aarde staat op het punt om het object 2020 SO in te vangen. Onduidelijk is nog of het een ruimtesteen of ruimtepuin is.
Het object 2020 SO cirkelt momenteel nog rond de zon. Maar dat gaat veranderen, zo voorspellen astronomen. Zoals het er nu naar uitziet wordt het object ergens in de komende weken door de zwaartekracht van de aarde ingevangen, wat betekent dat het object – net als de maan – rond de aarde gaat cirkelen.
Invangen
We krijgen er in zekere zin dus een maantje bij. Maar hoe gaat dat nu precies in zijn werk? We vroegen het Paul Chodas, directeur van NASA’s Center for Near Earth Object Studies (CNEOS). “In feite is er tussen de twee Lagrange-punten (L1 en L2) een soort ‘poort’ waardoor een object dat een heliocentrische baan heeft (oftewel om de zon cirkelt, red.) door de aarde kan worden ingevangen. Voorwaarde is wel dat het object in vergelijking met onze planeet relatief langzaam beweegt. En dat geldt voor 2020 SO.”
Alles wijst er dan ook op dat het object op termijn door de zwaartekracht van de aarde in een baan om de aarde wordt gedwongen. “Het is in feite een samenspel tussen de zwaartekracht van de planeet en de zwaartekracht van de zon,” vertelt Chodas. “Op vergelijkbare wijze heeft Jupiter in het verleden tijdelijk meer dan twaalf kometen ingevangen, waaronder ook de beroemde komeet Shoemaker-Levy 9: de komeet draaide jaren rond Jupiter voor deze uiteindelijk op de planeet klapte.”
Tijdelijk en ongevaarlijk
2020 SO zal straks in een langgerekte baan om de aarde belanden en net als de kometen die Jupiter inving slechts tijdelijk om de aarde cirkelen. “Het object zal uiteindelijk weer vertrekken (…) En als dat gebeurt, gaat het weer rond de zon cirkelen.” Zorgen hoeven we ons niet te maken. “We kennen de baan van het object goed genoeg om met zekerheid te kunnen zeggen dat het niet zal inslaan op onze planeet.”
Rakettrap
Onduidelijk is op dit moment nog wat 2020 SO nu precies is. Het zou een planetoïde kunnen zijn. Maar ook een stuk ruimtepuin. Chodas zet voorlopig in op het laatste. “Ik denk dat het een onderdeel van een raket is.” Hij kan dat zelfs nader specificeren. “Ik vermoed dat het de bovenste rakettrap is waarmee de Surveyor 2 op 20 september 1966 naar de maan werd gestuurd.” Chodas baseert zich op een analyse van de baan en bewegingen van 2020 SO. Daaruit blijkt onder meer dat het object zich eind 1966 in de buurt van de aarde moet hebben bevonden.
De Surveyor 2 moest een zachte landing op de maan maken, maar helaas ging er iets mis, waardoor deze op de maan crashte.
Afbeelding: NASA.
Stralingsdruk en spectrum
Nu is het nog gissen naar de ware aard van 2020 SO, maar daar komt binnenkort verandering in. “We verwachten over een maand wel meer over de aard van het object te kunnen zeggen, omdat we dan de invloed van de stralingsdruk van de zon kunnen gaan zien. Als 2020 SO een rakettrap is, heeft het een beperkte dichtheid en zal het zonlicht er meetbaar tegenaan duwen. Als het een natuurlijk object is, zal het een veel grotere dichtheid hebben en zal het effect van de stralingsdruk verwaarloosbaar zijn.” Daarnaast kan men in december ook uit het spectrum van het object afleiden met wat voor soort object we te maken hebben. “Het object zal de aarde rond 1 december relatief dicht naderen en ook relatief helder worden. Als het spectrum overeenkomt met dat van verf, weten we dat we te maken hebben met een raketonderdeel.”
Of 2020 SO nu een natuurlijk verschijnsel is of niet, maakt eigenlijk niet uit; Chodas verwacht dat we in beide gevallen heel wat kunnen leren in de periode waarin de aarde het object ingevangen houdt. “Als het een natuurlijk object is, leren we dat natuurlijke objecten extreem aardachtige banen kunnen hebben en dat zou heel opwindend nieuws zijn voor de In-Situ Resource Utilization.” Chodas verwijst hiermee naar de ambitie om in de toekomst belangrijke grondstoffen van andere hemellichamen te gaan halen. “Een natuurlijk object in zo’n baan is vrij goed toegankelijk en kan bijvoorbeeld tijdens een missie naar Mars gebruikt worden als een tussenstation waar astronauten bepaalde grondstoffen kunnen verzamelen. En als het object een rakettrap blijkt te zijn, leren we weer iets meer over hoe deze rakettrappen (waarvan we de fysieke kenmerken precies kennen) gedurende meerdere decennia beïnvloed worden door de stralingsdruk van de zon.” Al met al genoeg reden voor astronomen om het object de komende maanden uitgebreid te volgen.
The detection of phosphine in Venus’ clouds is a big deal
Here’s how we can find out if it’s a sign of life.

A radar mosaic image of Venus.
Image via NASA.
By Paul K. Byrne, North Carolina State University
On September 14, 2020, a new planet was added to the list of potentially habitable worlds in the solar system: Venus.
Phosphine, a toxic gas made up of one phosphorus and three hydrogen atoms (PH3), commonly produced by organic life forms but otherwise difficult to make on rocky planets, was discovered in the middle layer of the Venus atmosphere. This raises the tantalizing possibility that something is alive on our planetary neighbor. With this discovery, Venus joins the exalted ranks of Mars and the icy moons Enceladus and Europa among planetary bodies where life may once have existed, or perhaps might even still do so today.
I’m a planetary scientist and something of a Venus evangelical. This discovery is one of the most exciting made about Venus in a very long time, and opens up a new set of possibilities for further exploration in search of life in the solar system.
Venus as seen in the infrared by the Japanese Akatsuki spacecraft. The warm colors are from the hot lower atmosphere glowing through the cooler cloud layers above.
Image via JAXA/ ISAS/ DARTS/ Damia Bouic.
Atmospheric mysteries
First, it’s critical to point out that this detection does not mean that astronomers have found alien life in the clouds of Venus. Far from it, in fact.
Although the discovery team identified phosphine at Venus with two different telescopes, helping to confirm the initial detection, phosphine gas can result from several processes that are unrelated to life, such as lightning, meteor impacts or even volcanic activity.
However, the quantity of phosphine detected in the Venusian clouds seems to be far greater than those processes are capable of generating, allowing the team to rule out numerous inorganic possibilities. But our understanding of the chemistry of Venus’ atmosphere is sorely lacking: Only a handful of missions have plunged through the inhospitable, carbon dioxide-dominated atmosphere to take samples among the global layer of sulfuric acid clouds.
So we planetary scientists are faced with two possibilities: Either there is some sort of life in the Venus clouds, generating phosphine, or there is unexplained and unexpected chemistry taking place there. How do we find out which it is?
A model of the Soviet Vega 1 spacecraft at the Udvar-Hazy Center, Dulles International Airport. Vega 1 carried a balloon to Venus on its way to visit Halley’s Comet in 1985.
Image via Daderot/ Wikipedia
First and foremost, we need more information about the abundance of PH3 in the Venus atmosphere, and we can learn something about this from Earth. Just as the discovery team did, existing telescopes capable of detecting phosphine around Venus can be used for follow-up observations, to both definitively confirm the initial finding and figure out if the amount of PH3 in the atmosphere changes with time. In parallel, there is now a huge opportunity to carry out lab work to better understand the types of chemical reactions that might be possible on Venus — for which we have very limited information at present.
Antennas of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), on the Chajnantor Plateau in the Chilean Andes. The Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, two companion galaxies to our own Milky Way galaxy, can be seen as bright smudges in the night sky, in the center of the photograph.
Once more into the breach
But measurements on and from Earth can take us only so far. To really get to the heart of this mystery, we need to go back to Venus. Spacecraft equipped with spectrometers that can detect phosphine from orbit could be dispatched to the second planet with the express purpose of characterizing where, and how much, of this gas is there. Because spacecraft can survive for many years in Venus’ orbit, we could obtain continuous observations with a dedicated orbiter over a much longer period than with telescopes on Earth.
But even orbital data can’t tell us the whole story. To fully get a handle on what’s happening at Venus, we have to actually get into the atmosphere. And that’s where aerial platforms come in. Capable of operating above much of the acidic cloud layer – where the temperature and pressure are almost Earthlike – for potentially months at a time, balloons or flying wings could take detailed atmospheric composition measurements there. These craft could even carry the kinds of instruments being developed to look for life on Europa. At that point, humanity might finally be able to definitively tell if we share our Solar System with Venusian life.
A concept for an aerial platform at Venus. Two connected balloons could take turns to inflate, allowing the balloon to control the altitude at which it floats. An instrument package would then hang from below the balloons.
Image via NASA/ JPL-Caltech
A new dawn for Venus exploration?
Thirty-one years have elapsed since the United States last sent a dedicated mission to Venus. That could soon change as NASA considers two of four missions in the late 2020s targeting Venus. One, called VERITAS, would carry a powerful radar to peer through the thick clouds and return unprecedented high-resolution images of the surface. The other, DAVINCI+, would plunge through the atmosphere, sampling the air as it descended, perhaps even able to sniff any phosphine present. NASA plans to pick at least one mission in April 2021.
I have argued before for a return to Venus, and will continue to do so. Even without this latest scientific discovery, Venus is a compelling exploration target, with tantalizing evidence that the planet once had oceans and perhaps even suffered a hellish fate at the hands of its own volcanic eruptions.
But with the detection of a potential biomarker in Venus’ atmosphere, we now have yet another major reason to return to the world ancient Greek astronomers called Phosphorus – a name for Venus that, it turns out, is wonderfully prescient.
Related videos, selected and posted by peter2011
Life on Mars? It’s Very, Very Creepy!

In my previous article here at Mysterious Universe – which was on the subject of my new book, The Martians: Evidence of Life on the Red Planet – I made a brief reference to what may very well have been nothing less than life on Mars. And not in the distant past, but just a handful of years ago. I thought that today I would expand on this admittedly strange story as it is – without any shadow of a doubt – undeniably weird. Let us take a careful look at the story and the relevant photo that comes with it. It has become known as the “Face-Hugger photograph.” And there is a very good reason as to why the picture was given that particular name. Taken in July 2015 by NASA’s Curiosity Rover, the photo appears to show nothing less than a strange, multi-legged creature that looks astonishingly like the monstrous face-invading creatures that appeared in the phenomenally successful series of Alien movies. For those who may not know, they starred Sigourney Weaver as Warrant Officer Ellen Ripley – and they reaped in an incredible amount of dollars. When the story broke wide open in early August 2015, the headlines were predictably sensational. The U.K.’s Metro newspaper ran with the story and titled their feature as follows: “Crab-like alien ‘facehugger’ is seen crawling out of a cave on Mars.”
It might be very wise to avoid the Martian Face-Huggers!
(NASA)
The same Metro article included the words of Seth Shostak, a skeptic when it comes to the matter of life on Mars, and the Senior Astronomer and Director of the Center for SETI Research; “SETI” standing for “search for extraterrestrial intelligence.” Shostak said of the strange looking thing and other allegedly anomalous photos that reach him from time to time: “Those that send them to me are generally quite excited, as they claim that these frequently resemble something you wouldn’t expect to find on the rusty, dusty surface of the Red Plane. It’s usually some sort of animal, but occasionally even weirder objects such as automobile parts. Maybe they think there are cars on Mars.” On the other side of the coin were the words of Scott Waring who, at UFO Sightings Daily, said that: “It does appear alive. It may be a crab-like animal, or it also may be a plant. This object has many arms and one of them goes to the left of the picture a very long ways. That arm is longer than all others. Plant or animal it really doesn’t matter. The significance of this is that it shows signs that it is alive. That is everything, but not to NASA.”
“The Martians: Evidence of Life on the Red Planet”
(Nick Redfern)
And, that’s pretty much how the online debate went on: for the world of science the face-hugger was nothing but a spectacular example of pareidolia. UFO seekers and conspiracy theorists, however, said otherwise. They suggested that what looked like an eerie, creepy animal was exactly that – an eerie, creepy animal on a faraway world. That it appeared to be in the opening to a small cave and maneuvering up (or, possibly, scuttling down to the ground) the cave wall with its multiple limbs only seemed to add to the theory that NASA had inadvertently captured on camera a genuine Martian animal – and a very hair-raising one, too! In my view, the spidery, crab-like animal is not a case of the eye seeing what it sorely wants to see. And, the story isn’t quite over. In my The Martians book I take a close and careful look at the incredible story of a skilled remote-viewer who, in late 2019, was able to add further – and undeniably astonishing – data to this particular story of the closest things to real-life face-huggers.
Related videos, selected and posted by peter2011
The Bizarre UFO Encounter of Tad Jones

In 1966 and 1967 there was a sudden flurry of UFO activity around the United States, especially within the Ohio River Valley, and from here a great many weird cases have sprung up, including the Mothman phenomenon and countless UFO reports. A curious report from the era appeared in the book The Mothman Prophecies, by John Keel, and revolves around a usually nondescript man by the name of Tad Jones, of Dunbar, a suburb of Charleston, West Virginia. He was by all accounts a God-fearing man who did not drink or do drugs, and to was known as an honest, hard-working man not prone to fights of fancy or tall tales. Yet, on one January morning in 1966, Jones was driving to work, an appliance store he managed about 10 miles outside of Charleston. It was a route he took every day, and the rive started just like any other, but things were about to take a turn into the surreal, and it would become a case that blends all manner of strangeness, odd clues, and inexplicable events that have never really been solved.
As he drove along, at around 9 AM Jones came to something blocking the road up ahead. Since the road he was on, Route 64, was a fairly new multi-lane highway he at first assumed that this must be a road construction crew, and so he dutifully slowed down, yet as he crawled closer, he realized that this was far stranger than that. It appeared to be a large sphere with a luster like dull aluminum, but what was even weirder was that it was not sitting upon the road, as he had first thought, but rather hovering several feet over it. The sphere was described as being around 20 feet in diameter, with two antennae-like protrusions jutting out from the top, and four legs and what looked like a propeller attached at the bottom. Jones would say of the sphere:
There were four legs attached to it, with casterlike wheels on the bottom of each one. And there was a small window about nine inches in diameter on the side facing me, but I couldn’t see anything inside the sphere. On the underside there was something like a propeller. It was idling when I first drove up, then it started spinning faster and the whole object began to rise upward. It disappeared into the sky and I drove to my store. I believe what I saw. It was there. I never saw anything like it before, and I haven’t seen anything like it since, but it was there that morning on I-64.
The incident had left him shaken and afraid, and after some time pondering what he had seen, he decided to contact the police, and before long his bizarre experience was being featured all over the local papers. At around this time, Jones woke one morning to find that a slip of paper had been deposited under his front door. Not really thinking much of it at first, he picked up the paper and a glance at it caused his heart to drop. There scrawled upon it in handwriting was a note that read; “We know what you have seen and we know that you have talked. You better keep your mouth shut.” It was all very sinister, indeed, and there was no indication of who had written the note or where it had come from. Jones became paranoid, and began constantly looking over his shoulder.
A local UFO expert by the name of Ralph Jarett soon became aware of Jones story right after having his own strange experience, when a mysterious unidentified phone call had turned out to be just a few minutes of a low beeping, as if in code. Jarett would reach out to Jones and uncover many extra details about the sighting, including the fact that the UFO appeared to have been hovering directly over a major gas line. During his extensive investigation of Jones’ case, Jones would once again receive an ominous note slipped under his door. This time it was written on a piece of torn cardboard with burnt edges, and simply read: “There won’t be another warning.” All of this attracted the attention of the imminent researcher John Keel, who happened to be in the area investigating a UFO flap in the Ohio River Valley and the infamous Mothman sightings that were going on at the time. When Keel began questioning Jones and looking into the case, he would unearth even more strangeness.
Jones would mention to Keel an incident that he hadn’t really thought much of at the time, but which he had become convinced was somehow connected to his sighting. He said that one week after his UFO incident, he had been driving along the same road at around the same time when he had passed a lone man on the side of the road. He pulled over to see if the man needed help, but got no response, merely a wave. The next day, Jones passed the same man again at the same spot at the same time, and he would tell Keel that there had been something unsettling and “off” about him. Jones would describe the mysterious stranger:
He was very tanned or his face was very flushed. He looked normal and was wearing a blue coat and a blue cap with a visor… something like a uniform, I guess. I noticed he was holding a box in his hand. Some kind of instrument. It had a large dial on it, like a clock, and a wire ran from it to his other hand.
Thinking that it may have been a utilities worker, Keel checked with the gas company, but it would turn out that not only had they not had any personnel out there at the time, but that they did not wear the uniform described by Jones and also did not use such an instrument. What mysterious connection does any of this have with Jones’ experience? No one really knows. It would only get even more curious still when Keel went out to the site himself and found a strange series of footprints that looked like the tracks of a huge dog that he estimated must have weighed upwards of 200 pounds. In addition to the “dog tracks” found at the site of the Jones encounter, Keel turned up among them a human print that in some ways struck him as unusual, as well as some other weird things. He describes this as follows:
Aside from the dog tracks, we found a single footprint of what appeared to be a large, naked human foot. This was planted in the center of a muddy section with no other footprints of any kind around it. But a short distance away I came across some old friends… a type of footprint that has appeared at many UFO sites around the country. They look like the type of prints made by ripple-soled shoes, but their spacing is always peculiar. They don’t start anywhere and they don’t lead anywhere. Ripple soles had been in fashion since the early 1960s and had then faded out. But these phantom prints had a ridge around the edges. Years later, when the first men walked on the moon, I realized that the photos of the prints left by their moon-walking shoes were identical to the footprints I had seen over and over again in my travels.
Plaster casts taken of the dog tracks were sent to be analyzed and were found to not be dog tracks at all, and indeed no local wildlife experts could identify them as any animal known to the area. Oddly, Keel claims that the imminent cryptozoologist Ivan Sanderson had told him that very similar dog-like tracks often appeared in places where paranormal activity had occurred, and also said that he would later encounter similar tracks around the country in completely separate cases. What did all of this footprint weirdness have to do with Jones’ encounter, if anything? No one really knows, but Keel was certain that it was all connected somehow. In the end we are left to wonder, what did Tad Jones encounter out there on that road? What is the meaning of the strange tracks, the mysterious stranger on the road, and the sinister notes he received? It is unclear, and it continues to be a weird case surrounded by oddness that we may never fully understand.
The Strange Story of Australia’s Mysterious “Tektite Field”

If you are wondering what the “Australian tektite field” is, its formal title is the “Australasian strewn field.” What it demonstrates is that in ancient times certain portions of our world were effectively torched. Meteoritics and Planetary Science said: “Early workers, including such astute observers as Charles Fenner, George Baker, and Edward Gill, who picked up pristine tektites on the arid and ancient surface of Australia, became convinced that this shower of glass had arrived very recently. Ages around 10,000-20,000 years were usually quoted. As some early radiometric age determinations of tektites gave spuriously old ages, these data fueled the notion that the age of the fall was disconnected to the time of formation of tektites.” And what – you may very well ask – are tektites? This is where things get really interesting. Tektites are small, glassy bodies that are near-identical to the equally glassy trinitite that was found at the detonation site of the first atomic bomb in New Mexico in July 1945, just a few weeks before the destruction of the Japanese cities of Nagasaki and Hiroshima.
The Los Alamos National Laboratory state the following on all of this: “Trinitite has also been referred to as atomsite or Alamogordo glass (after a nearby city). Ultimately, it is a glasslike substance that was created from the sand and other materials at the Site during the intense heat of that first atomic test. Relatively recent research (2005) indicates that, upon explosion, the ground was likely pushed down initially, then rebounded, forcing material into the fireball. As indicated in the display, the ground was vaporized before eventually raining down in the form of trinitite droplets. While most trinitite is light green (due to the iron that was present in the sand), other samples contain some of the iron from the tower on which the ‘Gadget’ was detonated, and those look black. Yet other slightly red samples contain copper from the electrical wire used in the experiment.”
Forbes say the following: “It’s often hard to appreciate how quickly energy gets released in something like a nuclear explosion. The shockwave from the initial blast was so powerful it was felt from over 100 miles (160 km) away, with the mushroom cloud reaching 7.5 miles (12 km) in height. The above photo, taken just 16 milliseconds (0.016 seconds) after detonation, shows a blast explosion about 660 feet (200 meters) high, but it’s what happened below, on the ground, that really was surprising. Beneath the explosion location, an enormous crater formed. The landscape was incredibly scarred, and in many place, melted by the nuclear explosion.”
The Smithsonian Magazine provides these words: “No one commented on the glass at the time—its creation was the least of the Gadget’s spectacular effects—but visitors to the site after the war noticed the unusual scattering of glassy mineral that surrounded the shallow bomb crater and began collecting pieces as souvenirs. ‘A lake of green jade,’ Time magazine described it in September 1945. ‘The glass takes strange shapes—lopsided marbles, knobbly sheets a quarter-inch thick, broken, thin-walled bubbles, green, wormlike forms.'”
Perhaps like this?
In 2001, Science Frontiers stated the following: “The extent of the immense Australasian-tektite strewn field implies a hard-to-miss crater about 100 kilometers in diameter. Yet, despite the geological recency of the event and despite much geological surveying, no convincing crater has been discovered…The mystery deepens when one realizes that whatever cataclysm sent the Australian tektites aloft may have been comparable in magnitude to the impact that extinguished the dinosaurs (and other fauna) some 65 million years ago. This much older event has its crater buried below the Yucatan and is further marked by widespread biological extinctions. In contrast, the Australasian-tektite event is not only minus an obvious crater but seems to have had scant effect on the earth’s cargo of sensitive life forms. It was a strangely ‘gentle’ event despite the rocky deluge of tektites. What really happened?”
What, indeed?
Related videos, selected and posted by peter2011
Dark Outpost: American Whistleblower On UFO Program The Majestic 12

The Majestic 12 is a purported organization that appears in UFO conspiracy theories. The organization is claimed to be the code name of an alleged secret committee of scientists, military leaders, and government officials, formed in 1947 by an executive order by U.S. President Harry S. Truman to facilitate recovery and investigation of alien spacecraft. The concept originated in a series of supposedly leaked secret government documents first circulated by ufologists in 1984.
Upon examination, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) declared the documents to be “completely bogus”, and many ufologists consider them to be an elaborate hoax. But in our continuing conversation with patriot whistleblower John Carman, he reveals the truth about MJ-12, the UFO cover-up by our government, and a possible connection to the COVID-19 vaccination.
Huge UFO Seen Near Earths Moon On Sept 25, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
UFOS Caught Over Towers In Malaysia On Sept 26, 2020, Photos, UFO Sighting News.
NASA spacecraft on standby to grab some pieces of Asteroid Bennu

UFOs filmed over Brentwood, California 26-Sep-2020

These triangular-shaped UFO formation was filmed in the sky above Brentwood, California yesterday (26th September 2020).
Witness report:
Triangle shaped w/ 4 witnesses. At around 7pm, my family of 3 plus an Xfinity internet installer witnessed a UFO hover in a position near a star/planet to the right of the moon for about 10 minutes. It appeared out of nowhere. It was triangular in shape, had 2 blinking red lights and one blue/green light that fluctuated but seemed to have a rhythm. We also spotted an occasional white light near it, a couple of which seemed to shoot out like falling stars. The lights were patterned and consistent at first, then starting blinking very quickly and changed color. At that point, the object descended from a celestial location directly downward so fast, it fell from view in about 10 seconds. About 10 minutes later, we saw it ascend at equally high speed until it disappeared from our view. I took 2 videos, but they are crappy as it was dark.
Don’t forget to install our Android App for the latest UFO news & videos!
Link:
play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.latestufosightings.app
American probe is one month away from touchdown on asteroid BennuThe mission aims to sample at least 60 grams (2.1 ounces) of material from the asteroid 101955 Bennu and was launched in 2016. The craft itself has spent the last four years in transit to its objective and is expected to touch down on October 20, according to the agency.
If successful, OSIRIS-REx (which stands for Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, Security, Regolith Explorer) will be the first U.S. mission to return from space with samples of an asteroid.
“Years of planning and hard work by this team are essentially coming down to putting the TAGSAM (Touch-And-Go Sample Acquisition Mechanism) into contact with the surface for just five to 10 seconds,” said Mike Moreau, OSIRIS-REx deputy project manager.
In that short span of time, the craft will collect samples of rock and dust to bring back home for researchers to analyze. They hope to find more information on the early days of the solar system locked inside its chemical and geological make-up. Ideally, Bennu’s barren, rocky surface can help us better understand how planets and life came to be — including whether asteroids had anything to do with ‘seeding’ the building blocks of life on Earth.
NASA has chosen a spot some 16 meters (52 feet) in diameter called Nightingale as their landing spot. This will also serve as the sampling location. It was chosen because it’s the largest area we could identify that looks clear of debris, and was thus one of the best places where the craft’s robotic arm actually has a chance of retrieving the samples we need.
Still, this poses a challenge. The spacecraft is about the size of a van, and the space isn’t particularly large. Due to the distance between Bennu and Earth, any messages sent between them would need around 18.5 minutes to transmit. As such, the landing procedure will be performed autonomously.
Hopefully everything goes well. If it does, the lander should bring its samples back home sometime in late September, 2023.
Physicists have discovered that rotating black holes might serve as portals for hyperspace travel
Following is a transcript of the video.
So, whatever happens beyond that boundary, inside of a black hole, is anyone’s guess. Scientists agree that if you travel far enough into a black hole, gravity will eventually become so strong that it kills anything in its path. But sci-fi films are more optimistic, depicting black holes as portals through space and time or gateways to other dimensions. And it turns out, some scientists now think the sci-fi buffs may be onto something. Black holes might be suitable for hyperspace travel, after all; it just takes the right kind of black hole.
At the center of every black hole is a point of infinite density, called a singularity. It’s what gives black holes their strong gravitational pull. And for decades, scientists thought singularities were all the same, so anything that passed the event horizon would be destroyed the same way: by being stretched and pulled like an infinitely long piece of spaghetti.
But that all changed in the early 1990s when different research teams in Canada and the US discovered a second singularity called a “mass inflation singularity.” It still has a strong gravitational pull, but it would only stretch you by a finite amount, and potentially NOT kill you in the process, meaning, you might survive the trip through a black hole. More specifically, through a large, rotating black hole, which is where these types of singularities exist.
Now, astronomers obviously can’t travel through a black hole yet to test this theory. In fact, the best place to test this is at the supermassive black hole in the center of our home galaxy, the Milky Way, which is 27,000 light years away. Not conveniently close to the least.
Therefore, scientists instead run computer simulations to see what would happen if we did manage to reach an isolated, rotating black hole, and now, for the first time, a team of scientists at UMass Dartmouth and Georgia Gwinnett College has done exactly that.
Lior Burko: “You would feel a slight increase in temperature, but it would not be a dramatic increase. It’s just that you don’t have enough time to respond to the very strong forces. It would just go through you too quickly.”
Narrator: He added that passing through a weak singularity is like quickly running your finger through a candle flame that’s 1,000 degrees Celsius. If you hold your finger in the flame long enough, you’ll get burned, but pass your finger through quickly, and you’ll barely feel a thing. Similarly, if you pass through a weak singularity with the right speed and momentum, and at the right time, you may not feel much at all.
As for what happens once you get through to the other side, no one really knows, but Burko has his own ideas. He says one possibility is that we’d arrive at some other remote part of our galaxy, potentially light years away from any planets or stars, but a second, and perhaps more intriguing, possibility is that we’d arrive in a different galaxy altogether. That’s if you even make it that far.
Scientists say more research is needed before we’re anywhere close to successfully traveling through a black hole. But when we are ready, one of the safest passageways might be the supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy called Sagittarius A*, and it might just be our ticket out of the Milky Way.
Mysterious Australian Fairy Circles Explained by Alan Turing

Math may be hard, but it sure is handy – even in the world of fairies. Looking for an explanation for the so-called fairy circles – mysterious circles of grass found in Namibia and Western Australia — researchers turned to one of the greatest mathematical minds of modern times, and Alan Turing, speaking from beyond the grave, gave them the answer. Was there any secret Turing couldn’t decode?
“Turing’s concept was that in certain systems, due to random disturbances and a “reaction-diffusion” mechanism, interaction between just two diffusible substances was enough to allow strongly patterned structures to spontaneously emerge.”
Patterns like these
What? Fortunately, most of the press release on a new paper published in the Journal of Ecology is written at a more understandable level. In 1952 (he died in 1954 at the age of 41), Turing published a paper on mathematical biology considered by many to be his masterpiece: “The Chemical Basis of Morphogenesis.” Morphogenesis is the development of patterns and shapes in biological organisms and Turing used a set of partial differential equations to model catalytic chemical reactions that could create regular patterns in nature. While Turing couldn’t take it any further, many other scientists did, using his work to explain spots and stripes on animals and the growth patterns of feathers and hair follicles. While it was thought that Turing’s pattern theory might help explain the patterns fairy circles formed, no one had accomplished it … until now.
“The data show that the unique gap pattern of the Australian fairy circles, which occur only in a small area east of the town of Newman, emerges from ecohydrological biomass-water feedbacks from the grasses. In fact, the fairy circles – with their large diameters of 4m, clay crusts from weathering and resultant water run-off – are a critical extra source of water for the dryland vegetation. Clumps of grasses increased shading and water infiltration around the nearby roots.”
An international research team led by Göttingen University scientists converged on Newman with a tool that had never been used to study these fairy circles before – one that Turing could only have imagined … drones. Using a drone equipped with a multispectral camera, the researchers mapped Triodia grasses over time in five one-hectare plots and classified them according to how well they grew. (Photos here.)

They found that the areas doing well did so by cooperating to ring a small section in order to capture and hold moisture that normally would have run off. The mounded circle of grass also provided shade for new seedlings. However, the best part was that the photos showed that the grasses knew exactly how big to build the circles for irrigation and growth efficiency, and all of them did it the same way.
Patterns like these
“The intriguing thing is that the grasses are actively engineering their own environment by forming symmetrically spaced gap patterns. The vegetation benefits from the additional runoff water provided by the large fairy circles, and so keeps the arid ecosystem functional even in very harsh, dry conditions.”
The circles of grass reacted with each other, just as Turing’s pattern theory had predicted. No fairies, gods, spirits, dragons or any other mythical beings formerly used to explain the fairy circles were needed – just the mathematical mind of Alan Turing.
Still think math is hard? Turing had an answer for that too.
“Those who can imagine anything, can create the impossible.”
― Alan Turing
“The Martians: Evidence of Life on the Red Planet” – My New Book

This week I have a new book out from Red Wheel/Weiser’s New Page Books. Its title: The Martians: Evidence of Life on the Red Planet. The story dates back into the distant past and right up until the present day. And, it’s a highly controversial story, too. For example, the book addresses such issues as the “Face on Mars,” unusual pyramid-like structures on the planet, additional so-called faces, and even what appear to be strange creatures on the surface of Mars. On top of that there are certain, curious monoliths – on Mars and on one of its moons: Phobos. And what about the CIA’s secret remote-viewing of Mars back in 1984? The most important aspect of the latter issue is not just what the CIA found, but why the agency felt there was such a pressing need to uncover the secrets of the Red Planet. Add to the planet’s “Banyan Trees,” and Mars’ own equivalent of Stonehenge (“Marshenge,” of course!), and you begin to see how incredibly weird Mars really is. What about the sensational possibility that an advanced Martian civilization might still exist – albeit in a very precarious situation? All of these questions and issues are guaranteed to provoke debate – and a great deal of controversy.
Many will tell you that Mars is an utterly dead world. No animal life, no plant life. Nothing. That is not the case, though. As I demonstrate, Mars is absolutely teeming with life; both flora and fauna, no less. Some of that life is highly advanced and incredibly old. There’s no denying that the planet guards its incredible and disturbing secrets both diligently and carefully. It has done so for a long time; an amazingly long time. None of that, however, has stopped us from uncovering a wealth of what can only be described as “anomalies” on Mars. The Martians: Evidence of Life on the Red Planet is an in-depth study of the theory that Mars was once a world which teemed with life. Perhaps, even, life that is not at all too dissimilar to ours. Incredibly, the Martians may still be there. Alive. Hiding deep below the surface of a ruined world.
There can be absolutely no doubt whatsoever that it was the discovery of the “Face on Mars” back in the 1970s that energized the interest and controversy that surrounded (and that still continues to surround) the possibility that Mars may once have been a world not too dissimilar to ours – even a world inhabited by beings who resembled us to a staggering degree. Some would put all of that down to nothing stranger than pareidolia. I don’t. Although I don’t see NASA engaged in a huge cover-up of the Martian structures, what I do see is a mistake on its part. That mistake has been to ignore and summarily dismiss the many undeniable oddities away as the results of nothing but pareidolia. The purpose behind all of this lack of interest or involvement by the space agency? Probably NASA’s fear of its reputation being besmirched, and the risk of its staff presented by an over-sensational media as “alien hunters.”
Mars’ “Banyan Trees”
(NASA)
I should stress that while I don’t think NASA is sitting on some sensational secrets on Mars, that certainly cannot be the same for a number of other agencies. I mentioned the CIA earlier. They were not alone, however. During the course of my investigations I found evidence showing that other agencies and shadowy departments have certainly taken a very deep interest in what might have occurred on Mars – and what might still be going on there. Moving on: when it comes to the scientific community, it is almost exclusively unwilling to address the mysteries of Mars in a fashion that just might have a potentially adverse bearing on their lofty, much-cherished reputations. Some, I suspect, are fearful of what they might find if they dare to go looking too closely: what we might call a skewed case of deliberate self-censorship. As a species, we are woefully unaware, and largely ignorant, of a series of incredibly ancient events that revolved around a nightmarish, irreversibly-collapsing Mars. And, of death on an almost incomprehensible scale for the Martians, most of them killed before they could flee their world for ours. But, not all of them. When? Without doubt millennia ago – probably even way back further than that. The secrets of Mars are about to be revealed…
“Marshenge”
(NASA)
RELATED videos, selected and posted by peter2011
Four Locations In Our Solar System Most Favorable To Have Alien Life

Just recently, experts have revealed their findings of phosphine in the upper atmosphere of Venus. And scientists are baffled as they can’t figure out how the chemical could appear in Venus without the help of living organisms. This may be the best sign yet of life on Venus. There are, however, several other places that may contain life, so let’s take a look at four of the most favorable locations in our Solar System that are the best candidates for supporting alien life.
1. Mars
In addition to Venus, Mars is also an excellent candidate for alien life. It’s actually very similar to Earth as it has 24.5 hour days, polar ice caps, and even a lake underneath a polar ice cap in the southern part of the planet as well as methane in the atmosphere. While the Red Planet is now dry and full of cosmic radiation, back around 3.7 billion years ago, it had an atmosphere that supported large amounts of liquid water and maybe even life that perhaps still exists today.
2. Enceladus
Two of Saturn’s moons have been listed as being promising places for alien life. The first one is Enceladus which is covered with ice and has a subsurface ocean of liquid water as well as over a hundred gigantic geysers located close to the south pole. Scientists found that the small grains of rocky silicate particles that spray out of the geysers could have only come from water touching the ocean floor at 90 degree Celsius temperatures (194 degrees Fahrenheit). Additionally, it has been reported that fresh ice has resurfaced the northern hemisphere, indicating recent geologic activity.
3. Titan
Saturn’s largest moon is another location that’s favorable to host alien life. It is the only moon in our Solar System that has a dense mostly-nitrogen atmosphere along with an orange haze and seasons where it rains. According to a map that NASA released last year of the moon, there are dunes, plains, large methane lakes, hummocky terrain (small mountains), labyrinth terrain, and craters. And since experts are currently working on a concept where a submarine may eventually be sent to Titan, we may finally get an answer to the question of whether there is life on Saturn’s largest moon.
4. Europa
Jupiter’s moon Europa is thought to be geologically active with possible liquid water hiding underneath the frozen surface. In fact, it is believed that there is so much water that it could be more than 100 kilometers deep (62 miles) and the reason why it is there is because the heat from the tidal flexing of the moon keeps it from freezing. Since the moon has geysers, tumultuous terrain, and a weak magnetic field, it is believed that those are caused by a subsurface liquid ocean. And NASA reported that they found evidence of sodium chloride on the surface of the moon which suggests that the subsurface liquid water on Europa would be very similar to the oceans here on Earth.
These are just four locations, but there are many other spots in our Solar System and beyond that may very well have alien life. We’ll just have to wait and see what scientists may uncover.
Jim Marrs: Naval Officer Admits He Has Been on Secret Spaceships Via Coast to Coast AM Classics.jpg)
.jpg)
Jim Marrs: Naval Officer Admits He Has Been on Secret Spaceships via Coast to Coast AM Classics
COAST TO COAST AM. Author and journalist Jim Marrs discussed the latest on the secret space program and alleged missions to Venus using covert technology. The data uncovered by hacker Gary McKinnon led him to believe that there was some credence to claims of a secret space program. Eventually, Marrs met with a naval officer who told him that he’d been on secret spaceships.
“He said they’d given him an operation that allowed him to breathe and operate in a facility on Venus.” There seems to be fairly good evidence that there may be a deep space military presence, Marrs surmised, adding that there’s been rumblings of bases on the moon and Mars for years.
The Hidden Remote Viewing Programs! UFOs, There Are No Simplistic Answers.jpg)
.jpg)
The Hidden Remote Viewing Programs! UFOs, There Are No Simplistic Answers
What are these mysterious objects of unknown origin? Where do they come from and more importantly why are they here? There have been countless secret programs formulated in an effort to understand the UFO Phenomenon, most have been barely successful. Did we ever really understand what we were really dealing with?
Jeff Rense & Credo Mutwa & David Icke - Reptilian agenda & The Greys aren't Grey in Color !
Jordan Maxwell: The Reptilian Presence on Earth.jpg)
.jpg)
Jordan Maxwell continues as a preeminent researcher and independent scholar in the field of occult/religious philosophy. His interest in these subjects began as far back as 1959. He served for three and a half years as the Religion Editor of Truth Seeker Magazine, America’s oldest Freethought Journal (since 1873). His work exploring the hidden foundations of Western religions and secret societies creates enthusiastic responses from audiences around the world.
He has conducted dozens of intensive seminars, hosted his own radio talk shows, guested on more than 600 radio shows, and written, produced and appeared in numerous television shows and documentaries (including three 2-hour specials for the CBS TV network, as well as the internationally acclaimed 5-part Ancient Mystery Series – all devoted to understanding ancient religions and their pervasive influence on world affairs today).
His work on the subject of secret societies, both ancient and modern, and their symbols, has fascinated audiences around the world for decades. Considering the rapidly moving events of today, and the very real part that hidden religious agendas play in our modern war-torn world, he feels these controversial subjects are not only interesting to explore, but too important to ignore! His extraordinary presentations includes documents and photographs seldom seen elsewhere.
MUFON: Glowing UFOs Over New York Mills, NY On Sept 24, 2020, UFO Sighting News.
MUFON: Glowing UFOs Over New York Mills, NY On Sept 24, 2020, UFO Sighting News.
Long Moon Size UFO Shoots Past Sun On Sept 19, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Shoots Out of Cloud Across Sky Over UK, Sept 9, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
UFO sighting filmed over Chandler, Arizona, July 25, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Hiding In Tiny Black Cloud Over Missouri, Sept 9, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Out of place anomaly spotted in Antarctica
Were These Historic Moments Actually Secret Alien Invasions?

What are some of the biggest mysteries around UFO sightings? Are UFOs real? Do aliens exist?
NASA gearing up for epic asteroid-sampling maneuver next month
Where to next in the outer solar system? Scientists have big ideas to explore icy moons and more.
Are some black holes wormholes in disguise? Gamma-ray blasts may shed clues.
Filer’s Files 38, 2020 Genetics of Blonde Hair Prove Alien Visits? - PART I in Filer's Files September 14, 2020 0 520 Views



Major George A. Filer III ret. USAF
New Jersey State Director
MUFON Eastern Region Director
In special reports, this week’s files cover: General George Brown and UFOs, Does the Genetics of Blonde Hair Prove Alien Visitation?, Peru Nazca Lines UFO and Andes Mountain Runway Shaved, Spacecraft propulsion System, Underground Water Empire, Atomic Bombs are not as Effective Has Planned Parenthood
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Arizona, California, Illinois, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Washington, and Wisconsin.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Canada, Italy, Russia, South Africa, and England in the United Kingdom.
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force investigated UFOs publicly for more than twenty years under Project Blue Book; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFO’s are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
Forward these files to your friends and neighbors.

I don’t know whether this story has ever been told or not. They weren’t called UFOs. They were called enemy helicopters. And they were only seen at night and they were only seen in certain places. They were seen up around the DMZ in the early summer of 1968. And this resulted in quite a little battle. And in the course of this, an Australian destroyer took a hit and we never found any enemy, we only found ourselves when this had all been sorted out. And this caused some shooting there, and there was no enemy at all involved but we always reacted. Always after dark. The same thing happened up at Pleiku at the Highlands in ’69.
General George S. Brown, USAF Chief of Staff, Department of Defense transcript of press conference in Illinois, October 16, 1973. I briefed General Brown daily while in Vietnam.
One of the most prevalent alien descriptions is of Nordics with blonde hair and blue eyes.
Numerous people have claimed to see the Nordics such as the former Canadian defense minister Paul Hellyer and numerous abductees. Nordics are found all over the world and claimed they are our ancestors and not apes.

– 4000 year old Mummy found in Tarim Basin, China
Genetics is based on the fact that living things inherit traits from their parents so it has been used since prehistoric times to improve crops and animals through selective breeding. Based on recent genetic information carried out at three Japanese universities, claim the date of the first blonde hair in Europe has been isolated to about 10,000 years ago during the last ice age. Before then, Europeans mostly had black hair, which is predominant in the rest of the world.
Natural lighter hair colors occur most often in Europe and less frequently in other areas of the world. In northern European populations, the occurrence of blonde hair is very frequent.
The hair color gene MC1R has at least seven variants in Europe giving the continent a wide range of hair and eye shades. Just how such variety emerged over such a short period of time in one part of the world has long been a mystery.
Both the father and mother would need to be blonde as dark hair is dominant. Also dark eyes are dominant over blue. According to the new research, if the changes had occurred by the usual processes of evolution, they would have taken about 850,000 years.
But modern humans, emigrating from Africa, reached Europe only 35,000-40,000 years ago. Science claims that blonde hair is the result of mutations, but my hypothesis is it may be the result of alien visitation.

19 Variations of Blonde also red hair is mixture of brown and blonde
According to David Reich, blond hair has ancient roots in Asia where hundreds of pyramids are found. It is assumed the blondes built the pyramids. The derived allele responsible for blond hair in Europeans likely evolved first among the Ancient North Eurasians.(Eastern European Hunter Gathers) The earliest known individual with this allele is a Siberian fossil from Afontova Gora, in south-central Siberia. Two alleles for each gene are inherited, one from each parent. Paired alleles (one on each of two paired chromosomes) that are the same are called homozygous, and those that are different are called heterozygous. In heterozygous pairings, one allele is usually dominant, and the other recessive.

Alleles at the top
Geneticist David Reich said that the derived SNP for blond hair entered continental Europe by way of a massive population migration from the Eurasian steppe, by a people who had substantial Ancient North Eurasian ancestry.
Historical documents from Asia, indicating an ancient presence of blond haired people there. These include the famous mummies of the Tarim Basin. Analysis of his extravagant clothing suggested international origins. According to David Reich, blond hair has ancient roots in Asia. The earliest known individual with this allele is a Siberian fossil from Afontova Gora, in south-central Siberia. Geneticist David Reich said that the derived SNP for blond hair entered continental Europe by way of a massive population migration from the Eurasian steppe, by a people who had substantial Ancient North Eurasian ancestry.
Historical documents from Asia, indicating an ancient presence of blond haired people there. Analysis of his extravagant clothing suggested international origins.

Young blonde girl of the Hmong, China people
A team of multi-national archaeologists have discovered the 2,500 year old mummy of a blond warrior 35 years old, in the Altai region of Mongolia. The Hmong people were historically recorded with blonde hair and blue eyes by the Chinese since ancient times. Their light phenotypes made it easy for Chinese distinguish them
Chinese historical documents describe blond haired, blue-eyed warriors among the Xiongnu, a nomadic equestrian culture from Mongolia The Shiwei people were a Mongolic-speaking ethnic group who were blond-haired and blue eyed. Blond hair can still be seen among people from the region they inhabited, even today. One of the e first stories we hear of blondes in ancient writing are two poems about an Egyptian queen who dedicated a lock of her blonde hair to Aphrodite, goddess of love who was also called Venus.
The Egyptian queen here is Bernice II, who, shortly after her marriage in 246 BCE to the king Ptolemy III Euergetes, had vowed to shear off a lock of her hair if her husband, who had gone off to Syria on a military expedition, came back home safely.
After Ptolemy’s safe return from war, the queen’s ‘blond’ lock of hair was duly shorn off and dedicated to Aphrodite in her temple—only to disappear and then miraculously reappear as a constellation in the heavens right next to the lights of Virgo and savage Leo,. That is what both the Greek and the Latin poems say, highlighting the passionate love of the queen for the king. Interesting the constellation was known for varied light a flashing light.
The part of the story that centers on the constellation itself is retold in many sources the mythological foundations of storytelling about such a constellation known as Ariadne’s Garland are actually most ancient, going all the way back to the Minoan-Mycenaean era.

Sandro Botticelli’s The Birth of Venus, painted in 1485.
The hair of Ariadne is blond, as we see it described in Catullus, while the hair of Bernice is likewise blond, the blond hair of the Egyptian queen Bernice matches not only the blond hair of the Minoan princess Ariadne. It matches also, I argue, the blond hair of the Egyptian queen Nitōkris. The Egyptian historian Manetho, who lived in the third century BCE queen Nitōkris ruled toward the end of the 6th Dynasty, in the late third millennium BCE. Nitōkris was the most noble and beautiful of all the women of her generation. She was fair skinned in complexion she erected the third pyramid. She ruled for twelve years.

Greeks conceived of a voluptuous blonde they named Aphrodite. One story of Aphrodite’s birth suggested she was the daughter of the king of the gods, Zeus, and the sea nymph Dionne. The young goddess, as she emerged from the sea on to the barren, dry land, witnessed a miracle: green shoots and flowers springing up beneath her feet. This sublime force is being described to us not just as the goddess of mortal love, but as the deity of both the cycle of life and life itself. The Romans worshipped her as Venus and responsible for the rise of the Roman Empire. Allegedly Venetians are often blonde.
The consensus explanation for the evolution of light hair is related to the requirement for vitamin D synthesis and Northern Europe’s seasonal deficiency of sunlight. Lighter skin is due to a low concentration in pigmentation, thus allowing more sunlight to trigger the production of vitamin D. Its speculated high frequencies of light hair in northern latitudes are a result of the light skin adaptation to lower levels of sunlight, which reduces the prevalence of rickets caused by vitamin D deficiency
The darker pigmentation at higher latitudes in certain ethnic groups such as the Inuit and Eskimos is explained by a greater proportion of their diet is seafood that is high in vitamin D. However, all the countries where blondes are prevalent also eat seafood and the Finns, Swedes and Norwegians immigrated to the Scandinavian area only in comparatively recent times after the ice receded.
Sir Francis Crick, who along with James Watson discovered the double-helix structure of DNA. He found it so complex that in his book, “Life Itself”, Crick proposed that the basic genetic structure of bacterial DNA was seeded from outer space. It was just too complicated to have developed by chance. The great majority of sequences could never have been synthesized at all at any time.

Sir Francis Crick
Mutations that result in the addition of extra DNA that is needed for light skin, blue eyes, and blonde hair are called insertions. I suggest that the amazing change of humans to light skin, blonde hair, and blue eyes could only occur with the insertion of additional DNA into numerous humans during a relatively short period of time by our visitors from space. I doubt that mutations can satisfactorily explain a population of blue/green eyed and blonde Homo sapiens from Asia, Europe, North and South America and Africa. The worldwide distribution of blonde hair and blue eyes suggests flight of some type of craft in ancient times. Widespread blonde hair and blue eyes are evidence for proving the insertion of DNA by an outside cause. Evolutionary biologist Jared Diamond writes in “Race Without Color”, “Evidence of natural selection of color dissolves under scrutiny”.
Millions of people have seen UFOs, it is logical to assume their intelligent astronauts are changing humans in important ways.

Ancient caves have drawings of UFOs. Various Sumerian, Babylonian texts thousands of years older than the Bible, give significant detail on the aliens from space called Anunnaki and their intervention into human affairs. Genesis 6 states, “The sons of God came in to the daughters of men and they bore children to them producing giant offspring called Nephilim”; heroes of old, men of renown” (Genesis 6:4).
One of the types of aliens often reported by abductees is the tall blue eyed blonde aliens called Nordics, who seem to meet the description of the aliens involved. Science should look for evidence that we are the result of interference from outside Earth and not mutants from the primordial soup. The aliens seem to treat us like they are veterinarians keeping their flock in good shape and upgrading humanity as needed.
The Genesis Apocryphon, one of the texts uncovered among the Dead Sea Scrolls, also contains references to the angels interbreeding with human women. These Sons of God are often reported to be tall, blonde with blue eyes.
Ancient Sumerian and Hebrew texts clearly show that the common understanding was that aliens from space had committed fornication with women.

In Scandinavia, Odin was the Father of all the gods in Nordic countries and is pictured wearing a winged helm or a floppy hat. He can travel to any realm within the nine Nordic worlds. His two ravens fly over the world daily and return to tell him everything that has happened. The goddess Sif the wife of Thor is described as blonde.
In the history of Homo sapiens there were hundreds of thousands of years when mutations could have created blonde hair, but did not. They occurred when our ancestors reported visitation from space and drew images of discs on cave walls. The actual genetic history of the human race is likely the key to proving the Earth has been visited by aliens from space. Many of our ancient scriptures and writings claim this is the case.

My blonde wife with Lithuanian father
In Lithuania where the Baltic Sea begins, blondes were first reported; the father god was Perkūnas, the God of Thunder, and Justice, who controlled the rain, mountains, and the sky. Perkūnas pursued his opponents in the sky on a chariot made of red iron, harnessed by red, white, and black horses. The Lithuanian deity of horses and chariots Ratainyčia used a flying ratai or wheel .On is heavenly chariot Perkūnas appears in the shape of a gray-haired old man with a beard of many colors, and possesses many weapons including an ax, a sword, and lightning bolts.
One theory is that that early men found blonde hair more attractive. Canadian anthropologist Frost published a study in 2006 in the journal Evolution and Human Behavior that says blonde hair evolved very quickly at the end of the last Ice Age by means of sexual selection. Blonde women stood out from their rivals at a time of fierce competition for males made scarce due to long, arduous hunting trips. This hypothesis argues that women with blonde hair posed an alternative that helped them mate and thus increased the number of blondes. A theory propounded in The History and Geography of Human Genes (1994), says blonde hair became predominant in Europe in about 3,000 BC, in the area now known as Lithuania, among the recently arrived Proto-Indo-European settlers, and the trait spread quickly through sexual selection into Scandinavia. The theory assumes that men found women with blonde hair more attractive.

Blonde hair is most frequently found around the Baltic Sea and their darkness increases regularly and almost concentrically around this region. Because of emigration and invasion from northern Europe, there are a number of blondes in Southern and Eastern Europe. Blondes are also found all around the world because of migration to North and South America, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, etc.
Blonde hair in Europeans is associated with lighter blue, green, or gray eye colors. Strong sunlight also lightens hair of any pigmentation to varying degrees, and causes many blonde people to freckle, especially during childhood. Blondes are also reported among Indigenous peoples in Peru, South America known as Cloud People. Blonde hair is most common in Caucasian infants and children and tends to turn darker with age.
Mandan North American Indians who claim they are descended from White Men with Blonde Hair, Blue Eyes who came in a big flying canoe, that come to rest on a high mountain after a great flood that destroyed everything on earth.
Aphrodite in Greek Mythology is the goddess of love and beauty and also had “golden hair”.

Darius the Great of Persia (550-486 BCE) left this monument. Darius held the empire at its peak that included Egypt and parts of Greece. There appears to be a winged UFO carved into the wall with a rider with much taller men with lighter colored hair waving to the craft.
In European folklore, fairies valued blonde hair in humans. Blonde babies are more likely to be stolen and replaced with changelings, and young blonde women are more likely to be lured away to the land of the fairies According to Francis Owens, Romans literary records describe a very large number of well known Roman historical personalities as blonde. In addition, 250 individuals are recorded to have had the name Flavius, meaning blonde, and there are many named Rufus and Rutilius, meaning red haired.

The following Roman gods are said to have had blonde hair; Amor, Apollo, Aurora, Bacchus, Ceres, Diana, Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Minerva and Venus. Emperor Nero had light blonde hair and blue eyes. In contemporary popular culture, it is often stereotyped that men find blonde women more attractive than women with other hair colors. Blondes allegedly have more fun. Perhaps we can thank our visitors for giving us a more colorful world. I married a beautiful blonde and have two blonde daughters.
Nordic aliens with superior craft and abilities were likely treated as gods. Nordic aliens also referred as Blondes, are a species of humanoid extra terrestrials that are found in various parts of the Galaxy.

Nordic aliens are believed to have been originated from Pleiades star cluster which is around 400 lights years away from the planet Earth. Nordics have human like appearance and have a height that ranges from 5.5 feet to 7 feet. The average height of males is 2 meters while that of females is about 1.7 meters. They are generally muscularly built and may have a longer head that the humans. The average weight of the Nordic aliens generally ranges from 120 to 240 pounds. Nordic aliens generally have powerful eyes, that are light blue or green and other colors have been reported. They generally have a pale white colored skin. They are known to be silent watchers of the planet Earth and thereby help human beings to become aware about the behaviors that can lead to a catastrophe situation. These extraterrestrial beings usually communicate with the help of telekinesis and telepathy and may have psychic powers. The ships follow their verbal instructions. The lung size of these aliens is larger than that of the humans. The female Nordic aliens have the capability to get pregnant at any time during the year. They are seen around 25% of total abduction cases. It has been found that Nordics have some sort of connections with the Angels. Update 10 2010.

Nazca Bird peak pointing to
According to the video on YouTube, two medical professionals took an early morning flight in a Cessna plane to observe the Nazca Lines in Peru, near the foothills of the Andes on New Year’s Day. .In the YouTube video, at 3’28, the aircraft is flying through rain clouds, when suddenly a UFO appears in a hole in the clouds at left, about 20 to 30 feet from the plane and seemingly on a collision course. The grey disk rapidly changes course and disappears back into the clouds, all within the space of a couple of seconds. Subsequent slow footage and still frame analysis of the incident clearly shows a flying saucer-shaped object. Is it possible the UFO was an alien craft navigating above the mysterious Nazca Lines?
Archeologists and anthropologists have studied the ancient Nazca culture and the complex to try to determine the purpose of the lines and figures. One theory is that the Nazca people created them to be seen by their gods in the sky. They can actually be seen from space and at least one Andes Mountain has been shaved off to allow for landings. Thousands of tons of earth and stone had to be removed to create an apparent landing zone.

Eric Von Däniken maintains that the Nazca lines are runways of an ancient airfield that was used by extraterrestrials.
My theory is that the various animals and birds point to ancient cities used be the ancients. From the air the huge drawings on the ground become a map of the ancient world and provide a heading for the craft to follow to the ancient Peruvian cities. .

For example the bird with the elongated peak points to Tiahuanaco one the ancient cities near Lake Titicaca and one of the largest sites in South America. Surface remains currently cover around 4 square kilometers and include decorated ceramics, monumental structures, blonde and red haired mummies and megalithic blocks.

Jack Sarfatti writes, the importance of dissipation in controlling both warp/wormhole metric engineering and efficient tabletop detection of gravity waves Sarfatti
The core piece of the architecture, however – the cornerstone of the framework – is the ‘aero-spacecraft’s’ propulsion system suitable for creating a Black Hole weapon or a Stealth Cloak system, or a Force Shield that can protect against Swarms of UAVs and other types of ballistic threats or against any type of impulse weapons
The importance of dissipation in controlling both warp/wormhole metric engineering and efficient tabletop without the need for Kip Thorne’s LIGO.
In meta-materials with artificial quantum dot, split ring resonators et-al depending on scale, we can control the ratio of inelastic dissipative to elastic reactive scattering of the input Frohlich pump photon against the EM multipoles of the meta-atom to be what we need changing in time – hence the phase modulation. Each meta-atom has an equivalent nonlinear LCR forced circuit i.e. parametric amplifier/oscillator modes of operation.




The core piece of the architecture, however – the cornerstone of the framework – is the ‘aero-spacecraft’s’ propulsion system suitable for creating a Black Hole weapon or a Stealth Cloak system, or a Force Shield that can protect against Swarms of UAVs and other types of ballistic threats or against any type of impulse weapons
A unified system: advanced propulsion + ‘fully conscious AI’+ generation of arbitrarily large gravity warp fields for arbitrarily small amounts of stress-energy tensor current densities.
In the mid-1990s, the engineering of an Alcubierre-type propulsion system was deemed impossible practically because of the need for unfeasible amounts of energy to fuel it – the equivalent of a Jupiter-sized mass.
Advances in metamaterials technology, however, and a new kind of mathematics – provided within this proposal – hold out the promise of an engineering pathway to an aerospace craft that exhibits two essential characteristics: ‘fully conscious AI’ and breakthrough propulsion physics.
If the negative meta-material resonances are suitably designed, the proposed aerospace can generate an exterior anti-gravity universal effective force shield aka a quasi “white hole”
True, fair enough. The transverse vs. longitudinal distinction actually has nothing to do with it.
It’s about where the wave excitations are coming from. Gravitons, gluons, and photons (gravitational waves, strong waves, and electromagnetic waves) travel in spacetime. Phonons are *typically* vibrations of a crystalline lattice, it’s the motion of atoms, not the “atoms of spacetime”.
I do believe there is approximate truth to the notion that massless fields in spacetime move at the speed of light. This is what is taught in special relativity, at least.

Long Beach opening in the continental shelf
In the late 70’s I was living in Southern California and one fall morning in November, I had a business appointment in Long Beach California. I was was driving up the Interstate 405 from Orange County where I lived at the time. Happened to be listening to a news talk radio station broadcasting out of Los Angeles. The host was doing a program on unusual phenomena & opened the phones to callers. A call came in about 9:15 AM from someone who recently had left the Navy. He had been part of a crew of a submarine that was returning from duty in the Pacific about a year & half previous – I made that to be perhaps 1976 or 77.
Anyway this individual was stationed at the control or command center of the sub. When they approached the Naval Port at Long Beach they picked-up (via sonar) something they have never known or experienced before – they picked-up an opening in the continental shelf very near to the Long Beach facility. The Captain radioed in this info and asked if he could be given permission to enter & explore as the opening measured large enough for the sub to pass into it.

The Captain was given the green light to go forward but given explicit instructions to maintain strict radio contact with Long Beach at all times. The sub entered into the opening in the Continental Shelf & shortly thereafter found itself in an immense subterranean underwater cavern! The caller stated that the sonar soundings indicated that it was extremely wide and perhaps 100+ feet from top to bottom of this cavern. The sub continued going East underwater until it was some 30 miles East of Los Angeles while still underwater! It was at that point that Long Beach asked for the sub to stop going East and to return back the way it had entered the underwater cavern. The captain was asked by the Naval Command Center if he could just reverse the sub, to back it out – the captain replied he didn’t need to back out as he could easily turn the sub around inside the enormous cavern – going out to return to base nose first. Well, needless to say the host of the radio program was speechless, having never heard anything along the lines of this caller’s disclosure. The caller would not divulge his name, nor his rank but he swore his story was true and that he was told when they returned to base to not discuss this finding by that submarine crew.

As a follow-up to this amazing story, I happened to learn of the disclosure by another Naval member some ten years ago. This time a captain (that’s how he referred to his rank while in service) who stated that he was tasked with taking a submarine into an aforementioned underwater opening in a cavern near Long Beach. This captain claimed he had personally experienced this event sometime in the middle 90’s wherein he piloted a sub almost directly under Las Vegas Nevada utilizing a subterranean cavern of immense proportions! The distance was almost 300 miles that the sub traveled East from Long Beach CA to almost directly under Las Vegas. It was when the sub reached Vegas that it was ordered to return to Long Beach. The captain further stated that the underwater cavern did not end but continued permitting even further movement underground/underwater in a Eastern direction! Again, this captain would not give his name nor the type/number of the sub he commanded. He was no longer in-service and he too was advised not to ever discuss his experience. I have no idea if either of these two individuals ever knew one another nor each other’s stories but they sure are fascinating!
More revelations to come.FrankChilie
Editor’s Note: When I almost died when my main artery was punctured and my body filled with blood during an operation I was taken to the Pearly Gates in a dream and told I had died. But a person dressed in a robe said in a loud voice, “I could live if I would help save the more than a million aborted babies in the US each year.
I accepted his offer and noticed he was very upset. The Bible tells us he uses angels, drowning, fire, famine, and plague when gets upset with humans.

The Hiroshima atomic bomb toll was 90,000 to 15,000 dead, while killed and wounded in the Nagasaki atomic bomb was 75,000. A total of 225,000 were killed in the two atomic bombs dropped on Japan in World War II. Each year five to six times the number killed in the atomic bomb attacks on Japan can be compared to the 1,3000,000 babies aborted with hearts beating according to the Planned Parenthood last year. Since Roe vs. Wade genocide has taken the lives of 40 million babies 40,000,000 with their hearts beating in the United States, more than six times the number of Jews that Hitler gassed in his death camps.
Genocide is generally considered one of the worst moral crimes a government (meaning any ruling authority), can commit against its citizens or those it controls. The Planned Parenthood Clinics should be referred to as death camps where forty million babies are cut up and the parts sold on the open market according to recent court cases. Protecting Women’s Rights to murder their babies up to include after birth in New York and Virginia seems barbaric.
Planned Parenthood is funding Democrats with $45 million for the election. I wonder how many scientists, doctors, singers have been killed? Literally hundreds of workers in the clinics have quit giving amazing stories of cruelty. Black women were more than 3.5 times more likely to have an abortion than white women (CDC). Planned Parenthood is given $616.8 million in taxpayer funding, in 2019 and has $1.6 billion in total revenue/ I have no trouble with birth control procedures but recently Democratic Federal Judges slapped down heart beat laws in six states that limited abortion to six weeks when the baby’s heart starts beating. The laws were initially passed in Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee.
The country is in daily riots over the white police killing 14 blacks many during an arrests. If black lives really matter why no riots against the 8,000 blacks killed each year by blacks and hundreds of thousands aborted black babies each year. It seems the high abortion rate is not lost on young black men who slaughter each other. Each day 2700 babies will be murdered, your vote will help stop it. http://www.aasc.ucla.edu/cab/200708230009.html.
Filer’s Files 38, 2020 Genetics of Blonde Hair Prove Alien Visits?- PART II


Sightings are from MUFON CMS
Arizona Light

Kingman — Spotted and recorded from window seat of United 5042 Prescott to LAX
for approximately 10minutes.
Showed the flight captain one of the still shots on my phone and asked if he saw this earlier and if he had any ideas what it might be?
His reply was that it was the mirror reflection of the solar plant.
California Object

Lemon Grove — On September 6, 2020, I took a picture of the sky and sent it to my mom. I noticed an object in the picture that is unidentified. I sent it to my dad who has 25 years military experience and he told me to send it to MUFON

Mt. Shasta — Smoke was too thick to see Mt. Shasta. But when looking at the photo it looked clear and the object was in the photos. Pictures were taken from a moving car on I-5 near the Black Butte that is a cluster of lava domes overlapping a satellite cone of Mount Shasta. Witness was trying to take pictures of the smoke, but when looking at the photos the object was on them instead. Pictures taken on August 25, 2020,
Illinois Object

Chicago – On September 5, 2020, I caught something in a photo that I never saw. I am sending this so maybe you could identify it, tell me what it is. I’ve sent a second photo I took. It was about 6 minutes after, for perspective. I also attached a close up from using the edit feature on the iPhone.
Missouri Object

Des Peres – On September 9, 2020, I was driving 270S to Manchester when I first saw these odd cloud formations. At first glance they looked like trash bags about 50 feet off the ground.
The big one kept circling and would stop around 180 degrees. The big one looked like the shape of an airplane without wings. I don’t think was a drone. The big one changed between white and storm color several times but appeared fluffy on top and sides but almost a defined shape on the bottom of a squared off surface. I’m a storm chaser but this had a different gut feeling.
New Jersey Black Mass

Kearny — Saw a black mass in the sky below the clouds flying across the sky heading west, no sound, and no clear shape. Thought maybe it was a group of balloons but there was no shimmer. Photos taken on May 16, 2016.
New York Orb

Millos — The UFO flew out of the strange chemtrail then it vanished then came back then it was gone. I added a slow motion video to the footage so it would be easier to see the craft. Video was taken on September 5, 2020
Ohio Object

Troy — UFOs hovering just above light clouds in Troy, Ohio in early evening hours of August 30, 2017. Noticed in sky as I exited Wal-Mart. Loaded groceries in my car and watched object remain stationary for a handful of minutes and took cell phone picture. Rather uneventful.
Oklahoma Orb

Hobart — I saw a bluish orb hovering around the moon. I took some photos.
Note: A check of astronomical tables shows that the planet Jupiter was very close to the Moon on Aug 29, 2020. Thanks to Will Pucket/www.ufosnw.com/newsite/
Washington Lights

Bellevue – On August 28, 2020, I was walking my dog and I gazed upward to view the stars. I witnessed two objects, which looked identical to other stars; move together in a synchronized manner. They were positioned ‘side by side, they both made one full rotation, at the same speed, in a circular pattern and then one stopped moving, while its partner sped off in a NW direction at the speed of your average satellite. I have witnessed other ‘stars’ moving up, down, side to side, and in semi-circles n the southern sky at about 10:30 PM.
Wisconsin Orb

Barron — A friend took a picture of a craft in the sky glowing red. The craft hovered for about 5 minutes and then took off fast. Picture was taken in September 8 2020. Photo courtesy of MUFON.com
Canada Object

Kamloops – On August 31, 2020, as I got into my car at 5:47 pm I had the urge to take some pictures. Upon later examination an object came into view over the medical building with a tiny object next to it. The next picture shows it way larger flying straight up with two emanations coming out of each side? Final picture shows it morphing into a disk shape?

Toronto — I just wanted to capture bright full moon on September 3, 2020. When I checked the photo later, noticed something else was also in the frame. It looks nothing like an airplane or anything I’ve ever seen.
Italy Object

Vatican — Never noticed flying disc while shooting scores of photos from Rome’s Pincio Promenade looking towards Vatican City. UFO only appeared during photo review after returning from travels. Clearly a disc less than 100 feet in diameter in upper left of picture on October 11, 2007.
Russia Light

Moscow — These objects pursues one person since 2016 year. At that time there were 2 objects and they were hanging above our dwelling much closer. Now only one object appears almost every day from 1:00 am up to 5:00 am and injures this person’s health. It applies unknown radiation against this person. The object attacks the basic 7 chakras of human body. As the result this person is without aura and her health is crashed seriously.
South Africa Lights

Cape Town — Friday night 4th September 2020, I witnessed technology we do not know about. I saw it tonight at 20:05:30 to 20:06:10. Tina walks into the lounge and points out that the camera is showing a car in front of the farm entrance gate. The Nature conservation sign has been vandalized. I arrive at front gate there moments later to find that it two chaps Nature conservation doing patrols. I greet them and noticed tracer fire with no trail in the sky. There are white lights moving in a straight line cutting through the atmosphere and disappearing back into it a few stars further. About 50 to a hundred white very small lights were moving through the sky
UK/England

London – On September 2, 2020, the object consisted of 4 separate “panels” that together appeared to form a rugby ball shape or the Xbox logo. I zoomed in closer into the photo and noticed they appeared to be different sizes, with the largest one seem to have two “nodules” on it. I’ve included the original photo and a montage of my efforts to zoom into the photo
Help us increase our reach
Our outreach relies on the generosity of our supporters. Join us today. I have put together a DVD or flash drive of the last twenty years of Filer’s Files for you with hundreds of great photographs and UFO sightings that will explain the phenomena and the importance to your life and your family. Additionally, I have included my book within the DVD that includes George Ritter’s exciting abduction story told by Linda Moulton Howe. Broadcaster David E. Twichell joined me to write the book. We are asking for a donation of only $50 that includes next year’s subscription and our book. Please include your e-mail address and mailing address.
Buy a Great DVD
I have put together a DVD of the last twenty years of Filer’s Files for you with hundreds of great photographs and UFO sightings that will explain the phenomena and the importance to your life and your family. Additionally, I have included my book within the DVD that includes George Ritter’s exciting abduction story told by Linda Moulton Howe. Broadcaster David E. Twichell joined me to write the book. We are asking for a donation of only $50 that includes next year’s subscription and our book. Please include your e-mail address and mailing address.
PayPal and/or Credit Card Donations
Check or Money Order.
Filer’s Files C/O George Filer
222 Jackson Road
Medford, NJ 08055
Products and Books
Filer’s Files: Worldwide Reports of UFO Sightings
Filer’s Files: Worldwide Reports of UFO Sightings on Amazon.com
Advertise in the Filer’s Files Newsletter
Filer’s Files Advertising Rates
1 Time 3 Times
Eight lines $25 $20 each
Quarter Page $50 $40 each
Half Page $75 $50 each
Full Page $100 $75 each
31,000 subscribers and placed in website with 4,000,000 hits average.
Website and Filer’s Files advertising, sign up online here. (Limited space available)
Send email to Email George Filer
Our research is uncovering amazing truths by solving challenging projects deemed too difficult by other firms. We have had some success in finding missing persons. We could use your help in getting more results from our research. I have put together a DVD of the last seventeen years of Filer’s Files for you with hundreds of great photographs and UFO sightings. Additionally, I have decided to include my book within the DVD that includes George Ritter’s exciting abduction story told by Linda Moulton Howe. Broadcaster David E. Twichell joined me to write the book. We are asking for a donation of only $50 that includes next year’s subscription and our book. Please include your e-mail address and mailing address.
Have been digging through the giant DVD you sent recently. As a relatively recent joiner, I was unaware of the years’ worth of consistent reports of the same types of objects all over. This has been very educational. Just wanted to thank you for all you’ve done.
Bruce W. Freeman
Attorney at Law
Sign me up right now for Filer’s Files.
JOIN MUFON!
Become a MUFON member today! Benefits of membership include a subscription to the monthly UFO Journal that contains current investigations, sightings reports, articles by world-renowned researchers and more. To join now, click here JOIN NOW
Filer’s Files is copyrighted 2015 by George A. Filer, all rights reserved. Readers may post the COMPLETE files on their Web Sites if they credit the newsletter and its editor by name, and list the date of issue. These reports and comments are not necessarily the OFFICIAL MUFON viewpoint. Send your letters to Majorstar
Sending mail automatically grants permission for us to publish and use your name. Please state if you wish to keep your name or e-mail confidential. CAUTION MOST OF THESE ARE INITIAL REPORTS AND REQUIRE FURTHER INVESTIGATION. If you wish to stop receiving these files, please send a message to Majorstar
Filer’s Files salutes our fighting men and women; God Bless Our Troops, and Georgie, Elizabeth, and Victoria Filer, and Eddie Pedrick. May the Angels be your guide and take you to paradise.
Put another way, a young person in the U.S. is nearly 11 times as likely to die in a swimming pool than in a school shooting. Few public officials would say pools are doing a poor job protecting swimmers, but the statistics suggest that we need “more lifeguards at pools, as opposed to guards at schools,” Fox said
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force investigated UFOs publicly for more than twenty years under Project Blue Book; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFO’s are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
CAUTION MOST OF THESE ARE INITIAL REPORTS AND REQUIRE FURTHER INVESTIGATION. If you wish to stop receiving these files, please send a message to Majorstar@verizon.net.
Filer’s Files salutes our fighting men and women Georgie Filer and Eddie Pedrick my grandsons who both drowned. We pray that God will bless those who read these files spiritually.
Earth’s New Minimoon Has a Bizarre Secret

It wasn’t until just a few years ago that astronomers revealed the Earth’s Moon is a big brother to one or two minimoons or mini-moons – tiny objects that are captured in the planet’s gravity and kept in orbit. In 2016 they discovered 2016 HO3, a 40-meters-(131-feet)-wide rock that may have been in a wide orbit (38 to 100 times the distance of the Moon) for over 100 years. Other minimoons are just temporary satellites – 2020 CD3 found in 2017 is only 12 feet (3.5 meters) wide and on its way out, as was 2006 RH120 which was only in Earth orbit from September 2006 to June 2007. DN160822_03, discovered in 2016, wasn’t so lucky – it ended up crashing to Earth. Astronomers estimate that Earth picks up at least one minimoon per year, so the latest one had to do something to be noticed. It did.
Not this, but that would be noticed too.
“2020 SO has been classified as an Apollo asteroid in the JPL Small-Body Database – a class of asteroids whose paths cross Earth’s orbit. This class of asteroid often has near-Earth encounters. But there are a few clues that 2020 SO is not like the others.
The object is on an orbit that’s just a smidge over a year, and on a very low inclination with respect to Earth’s orbit; that is, it’s not tilted, but on the same orbital path. Its eccentricity – the deviation of the shape of its orbit from a perfect circle – is just a little higher than Earth’s. And its velocity is much, much lower than the velocity of an Apollo asteroid.”
Space.com points out why 2020 SO is a strange minimoon, although a low velocity and a near-circular orbit don’t sound like much to get excited about. According to Dr. Paul Chodas, the director of NASA’s Center for Near Earth Object Studies, it is.
“I suspect this newly discovered object 2020 SO to be an old rocket booster because it is following an orbit about the Sun that is extremely similar to Earth’s, nearly circular, in the same plane, and only slightly farther away the Sun at its farthest point.”
Chodas theorized to CNN that 2020 SO may actually be the return of a Centaur rocket used to boost the Surveyor 2 lunar lander into space in September1966 (a course correction failure caused Surveyor 2 to crash on the Moon). The Atlas LV-3C Centaur-D rocket had been discarded and eventually passed by the Moon before entering an orbit around the Sun – never to be seen again. Unless …
“In a month or so we will get an indication of whether or not 2020 SO really is a rocket body, since we should start being able to detect the effect of sunlight pressure has on the motion of this object: if it really is a rocket body, it will be much less dense than an asteroid and the slight pressure due to sunlight will produce enough change in its motion that we should be able to detect it in the tracking data.”
Centaur rocket on the launch pad
(SANA)
In other words, if it starts to wobble, that bauble isn’t a minimoon but a 54-year-old rocket coming back for a visit. If it is, it’s a rarity – only one other rocket stage has ever returned like this … a Saturn V upper stage from the Apollo 12 launch. After all that time, what will this 46-foot-long object look like? Space archaeologist Alice Gorman of Flinders University in Australia shared her thoughts to ScienceAlert.
“It would be interesting to do some reflectance spectroscopy, which would show how rough the surfaces are, how much it’s been pitted and decayed from being bombarded by dust and micro meteorites.”
So, we’re looking for something that looks like an old, battered rocket stage that’s been traveling through space for five decades. Unfortunately, at its closest point while it’s in Earth orbit between October 2020 and May 2021, 2020 SO will be 50,000 km (31,000 miles) away on December 1, 2020, so it will be tough to see . The wobble may be the best sign.
If 2020 SO is manmade, it’s further proof of how hard it is to get rid of space junk. And, if it’s not the Centaur? It’s still one weird minimoon.
Massive three mile wide meteorite crater that formed some 100 MILLION years ago is discovered by gold miners in Australia's Outback
Gold miners stumbled upon a massive meteorite crater in Western Australia's Outback that was created some 100-million-years-ago.
Using electromagnetic surveys, researchers were able to create images of the impact site, dubbed Ora Banda Crater, below the surface to determine it stretches three mile across.
Shoot cones were recovered from the earth that formed from the high pressure, high velocity shock waves produced by a large impacting object – 'tell-tale signs of a meteorite impact.'

The newly discovered crater is thought to be five times bigger than Wolfe Creek Crater (pictured), one of the largest meteorite craters in the world.
(ABC Kimberley: Matthew Moreton-Deakin)
Ancient plant material was also discovered in sediments, which will be further analyzed for microscopic pollen to gather a more accurate date of when the hole was filled.

Gold miners stumbled upon a massive meteorite crater in Western Australia's Outback that was created some 100-million-years-ago. Using electromagnetic surveys, researchers were able to create images of the impact site below the surface to determine it stretches three mile across
Miners were working near the historic Goldfields mining town of Ora Banda, north-west of Kalgoorlie-Boulder, when they spotted rocks that looked out of place.
Geologist and geophysicist Dr Jayson Meyers said: 'The Ora Banda crater was a bit of a gift.'
'The geologists who were working on it were drilling holes for gold, and they saw some very unusual rocks.'
'They had it in the back of their mind that this really didn't fit in to anything else they have seen and thought this could be a result of a meteorite impact.'

Shoot cones were recovered from the site, which form from the high pressure, high velocity shock wave produced by a large impacting object – 'tell-tale signs of a meteorite impact'

The miners were working near the historic Goldfields mining town of Ora Banda, north-west of Kalgoorlie-Boulder, when they spotted rocks that looked out of place
He told ABC that 'based on its position and levels of erosion and some of the soil that is filling the sides, we estimate it could be around 100 million years old.'
The team discovered sediments with ancient plant material that will be analyzed by paleontologists looking for microscopic pollen that could reveal when the crate was filled.
Curtin University is assisting Meyers and will investigate droplets of glass along with zircons and other minerals cemented in the shoot cones to hopefully determine a more exact date of when the impact occurred.
Although the team estimates the crater is 100-million-years old, they said it likely happened between 250 million and 40 million years ago.
Zircons and other materials deep in the hole that were vaporized and re-crystallized may also shed light on when the event occurred, resource.ly reports.
'The energy released when the asteroid impacted would have been more than the combined energy from every atomic test ever conducted,' Meyers told resource.ly.

Curtin University is assisting Meyers and will investigate droplets of glass along with zircons and other minerals cemented in the shoot cones to hopefully determine a more exact date of when the impact occurred

Ancient plant material was also discovered in sediments, which will be further analyzed for microscopic pollen to gather a more accurate date of when the hole was filled

The Or Banda crater is, however, five times larger than Australia's famous Wolfe Creek Crater located more north in the state. Wolfe Creek was formed by a meteorite which is estimated to have crashed into earth 300,000 years ago
If this crater hit during the Cretaceous period it would not have had an impact on the dinosaur era, which fell victim to an asteroid that left an impact crater of about 90 miles across in what is now Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula some 66 million years ago.
The Or Banda crater is, however, five times larger than Australia's famous Wolfe Creek Crater located more north in the state.
Wolfe Creek was formed by a meteorite which is estimated to have crashed into earth 300,000 years ago.
The meteorite left a massive 2,890 feet hole in the ground, which is visible on the surface.
And it was believed to be the second largest crater in the world.
Read more:
100-Million-Year-Old Huge Impact Crater Discovered In Australia

Gold miners have discovered a gigantic impact crater in Australia that measures more than two football fields. It has been estimated that the impact occurred between 250 million and 40 million years ago, although the researchers’ best guess is that it hit around 100 million years ago – the same time that dinosaurs would have been living on Earth.
The crater, which is about three miles across, was discovered close to the Australian town of Ora Banda. Based on the size of the impact zone, the meteorite that hit the spot would have been as big as 200 meters in width (656 feet) – longer than two football fields. For comparison, the gigantic asteroid that hit Mexico’s Yucatán Peninsula 66 million years ago that killed the dinosaurs measured approximately 6 miles in width and made a crater about 90 miles across (called the Chicxulub Crater).
As a matter of fact, when the dinosaur-killing asteroid hit the planet, it had the same amount of force as 100 million megatons of TNT which is about two million times more powerful than the world’s strongest man-made bomb. The impact caused earthquakes and volcanic eruptions across the planet which resulted with mega-tsunamis that reached heights of thousands of meters.
A geophysicist named Jayson Meyers was called to the location in Ora Banda after geologists at a gold mining company in Australia called Evolution Mining found some odd rock cores. When he began studying the rocks from the site, he found shatter cones which are present when a huge impact or explosion creates high-velocity, high-pressure shock waves in that area. Rocks are broken into shatter cone shapes from the large shock waves – similar to when rocks leave marks on the windshield of a car. In an interview with Resourc.ly, Meyers stated that since no nuclear tests have been conducted at Ora Banda, the shatter cones would have been made by a meteorite.
Additionally, he found a pucker in the middle of the crater which was where shattered rocks appeared back on the surface following the meteor striking the area. It is also where the geologists located the shatter cones.
Scientists from Curtin University in Perth are currently analyzing the site in order to find out if the minerals would have been vaporized prior to re-crystallizing from the extreme pressure of the impact. Meyers explained this further, “The energy released when the [meteorite] impacted would have been more than the combined energy from every atomic test ever conducted.”
The impact in Ora Banda may not have been as big as the one that killed the dinosaurs, but it certainly left one massive crater near the Australian town.
Huge Tunnel Cloud For UFOs Seen Over San Bernardino, California, Sept 18, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Cloaked In Cloud Seen Over Indonesia, Sept 19, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Glowing Entities Flying Over City Of Athens, Greece On Sept 17, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Crystal Emerald City Found On Moon Of Saturn, Sept 24, 2020, Photos, UFO Sighting News.
A18435_Nov._2014_full_size.jpg
Alien Structure Discovered On Mars, Sept 13, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Energy Entity Gets Caught On Doorbell Camera, IT HAS A FACE! Sept 24, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News
Meteoroid bouncing back into Space?