Static engine fire of the BN7 on Nov. 29th, 2022.

Credit: SpaceX

BY MATT WILLIAMS

SpaceX’s Super Heavy Fires 11 of its Engines in a Long-Duration Test

While Musk did not indicate when that might happen, it’s a safe bet that it won’t take place before 2023. If successful, the flight test will make the Starship and Super Heavy the most powerful launch system in history. The title used to be held by the Saturn V rocket that took the Apollo astronauts to the Moon and is currently held by NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS). The SLS earned this title after launching from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida at 01:47 a.m. EST on November 16th (10:47 p.m. PST, November 15th)

The Artemis I mission has subsequently established a new record for the farthest distance ever achieved by a spacecraft. The uncrewed Orion vehicle also took some amazing photographs of the Moon and the Earth-Moon system in the process. NASA has already contracted with SpaceX to provide the Human Landing System (HLS) for the Artemis III mission, which is currently scheduled for 2025. This historic mission will see astronauts land on the lunar surface for the first time since the Apollo Era.

According to NASA’s mission architecture, the Artemis III crew will launch aboard an Orion spacecraft atop an SLS rocket and fly to the Moon, where they will rendezvous with the Starship HLS in lunar orbit. The crew will then transfer to the HLS, land on the Moon, and conduct surface operations before launching again to return to their Orion spacecraft (and then return home). The SLS will have to give up the title of “most powerful rocket” after a few short months but will remain a vital part of the Artemis Program.

And be sure to check the SNF’s footage of the latest static fire test of the BN7 below:

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

A Black Hole Consumed a Star and Released the Light of a Trillion Suns

When the ZTF spots a new transient in the sky, other astronomers are alerted. The ZTF isn’t suited to studying objects in detail. It just finds them and then passes the baton to other facilities that are better suited for observing astronomical objects in greater detail. In this case, a whole group of facilities took part.

Hubble Space Telescope observations in optical and infrared combined with data from the Jansky Very Large Array pinpointed the flash’s precise location. The European Southern Observatory’s (ESO) Very Large Telescope (VLT) determined that it was 8.5 billion light-years away. Observational data from other facilities followed, giving astronomers a picture of the flash across a wide swath of the electromagnetic spectrum.

The results of all those observations, and the analysis that followed, are published in a new paper in Nature Astronomy. The paper is “The Birth of a Relativistic Jet Following the Disruption of a Star by a Cosmological Black Hole.” The first author is Dheeraj Pasham, a research scientist at the Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research at MIT.

As the title tells us, the transient light source was a jet of matter emitted from a supermassive black hole (SMBH) at 99.9% of the speed of light. The light signal has a name, AT 2022cmc, and the SMBH responsible for it is halfway across the Universe. What caused it? Something extraordinary, according to lead author Pasham.

“This particular event was 100 times more powerful than the most powerful gamma-ray burst afterglow. It was something extraordinary.”

Dheeraj Pasham, lead author, Kavli Institute

A behemoth supermassive black hole (SMBH) at the heart of a distant galaxy is responsible. The SMBH is swallowing a star that got too close. This is called a Tidal Disruption Event (TDE) and it’s the first one observed since 2011. It’s also the first one spotted in optical light, and the 78th one that ZTF has detected.

AT 2022cmc is the most distant TDE ever seen, and also the brightest. Gamma Ray Bursts (GRB) are the brightest objects in the Universe, second only to the Big Bang. So it’s natural to assume that the event was a GRB. But it wasn’t. The jet’s high x-ray luminosity helped rule that out.

“This particular event was 100 times more powerful than the most powerful gamma-ray burst afterglow,” lead author Pasham said in a press release. “It was something extraordinary.”

The TDE just happened to point its searing jet of material directly at Earth, like a flashlight shone right in our eyes. Rough calculations showed that the jet was as bright as a trillion Suns.

The Universe is full of transient events, but observing TDEs is still rare. It helps when the jet is aimed right at Earth, as it was in this case. But when a SMBH consumes a star that got too close, it doesn’t always emit jets. TDEs like this one give astronomers an opportunity to learn more about the SMBHs that cause them.

“The last time scientists discovered one of these jets was well over a decade ago,” said Michael Coughlin, an assistant professor of astronomy at the University of Minnesota Twin Cities and co-lead on the paper. “From the data we have, we can estimate that relativistic jets are launched in only 1% of these destructive events, making AT2022cmc an extremely rare occurrence. In fact, the luminous flash from the event is among the brightest ever observed.”

Supermassive Black Holes are, obviously, extraordinarily huge. The most massive ones are several billions of times more massive than the Sun. Even in astronomy, a subject known for large numbers, something several billion times more massive than our star is almost incomprehensible.

But as it turns out, even something that large can’t eat a star in one bite. It’s taking its time devouring the star. The jet was probably emitted during an intermittent ‘feeding frenzy,’ according to Pasham. “It’s probably swallowing the star at the rate of half the mass of the sun per year,” Pasham estimates. “A lot of this tidal disruption happens early on, and we were able to catch this event right at the beginning, within one week of the black hole starting to feed on the star.”

Astronomers can’t yet see the galaxy that emitted it. The jet’s light is so powerful that it’s outshining its host galaxy. But astronomers think that once the jet dims they’ll be able to spot the galaxy with the Hubble and the James Webb Space Telescope.

That might lead them partway to answering an important question: All SMBHs are bound to eat stars, why do so few of them emit jets? Observations show that the ones that emit these types of jets are likely spinning rapidly. The rotation helps power these ultraluminous jets.

The rapid rotation might be only one factor, perhaps the factor that’s easiest to observe. But it does bring researchers one step closer to understanding the awesome forces at work in SMBHs.

“We know there is one supermassive black hole per galaxy, and they formed very quickly in the universe’s first million years,” says co-author Matteo Lucchini, a postdoc in MIT’s Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research. “That tells us they feed very fast, though we don’t know how that feeding process works. So, sources like a TDE can actually be a really good probe for how that process happens.”

What astrophysicists need, is to find more of these jets, TDEs, and SMBHs. They’ll probably get their wish in the near future.

“Scientists can use AT2022cmc as a model for what to look for and find more disruptive events from distant black holes.”

Igor Andreoni, Department of Astronomy at UMD and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

With facilities like the Vera Rubin Observatory coming online soon, we’re bound to spot more transients like AT2022cmc. The Vera Rubin should see first light in 2023, and will perform a synoptic survey that will image the entire visible night sky every few nights. One of its four science goals is to find transients and notify other observatories for follow-up observations. And it should find a lot of them.

“Our new search technique helps us to quickly identify rare cosmic events in the ZTF survey data. And since ZTF and upcoming larger surveys such as Vera Rubin’s LSST scan the sky so frequently, we can now expect to uncover a wealth of rare, or previously undiscovered cosmic events and study them in detail,” says Igor Andreoni, a postdoctoral associate in the Department of Astronomy at UMD and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.

“Astronomy is changing rapidly,” Andreoni said. “More optical and infrared all-sky surveys are now active or will soon come online. Scientists can use AT2022cmc as a model for what to look for and find more disruptive events from distant black holes. This means that more than ever, big data mining is an important tool to advance our knowledge of the universe.”

Gone are the days when professional astronomers spend long cold nights looking into the eyepiece of their telescopes. If we still relied on those efforts, we’d likely never even see a TDE. Automated sky surveys are becoming more and more prevalent, covering larger swaths of the sky than astronomers can, and doing it more diligently. They never get tired, get sick, or take holidays.

But facilities like them generate an enormous amount of data, which Andreoni alluded to. The Vera Rubin Observatory is expected to take 200,000 pictures each year of its ten-year run. That means that it’ll generate 1.2 petabytes of data each year, far more data than astronomers will be able to handle. It’ll be up to AI and machine learning to deal with all that data.

The Zwicky Transient Facility served as a prototype for the Vera Rubin. But while the ZTF found 78 TDEs since its inception, the Vera Rubin will dwarf those results. Nobody’s certain how many TDEs it’ll find, but the observatory is expected to generate hundreds of alerts per second, and each one will be a transient of some sort.

Some of those will be TDEs, and as more detections roll in, astronomers will do follow-up observations with other facilities.

“We expect many more of these TDEs in the future,” said Lucchini. “Then we might be able to say, finally, how exactly black holes launch these extremely powerful jets.”

More:

• Press Release: ZTF makes first dicovery of a rare cosmic lunch
• Press Release: Mysteriously bright flash is a black hole jet pointing straight toward Earth, astronomers say
• Published Research: The Birth of a Relativistic Jet Following the Disruption of a Star by a Cosmological Black Hole
• Universe Today: It Turns out, the “Closest Black Hole” System Doesn’t Contain a Black Hole At All

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

Sometimes Astronomy isn’t About What you see, but What you don’t see

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

NASA chief hopes UFOs spotted by pilots are evidence of alien life

NASA’s chief scientist believes that there are extraterrestrial life beings out there. According to Bill Nelson, he hopes that the sightings of UFOs don’t turn out to be an anomaly on Earth, and he thinks that they could be evidence of life.

Bill, who became NASA’s administrator in May 2021, was talking to Larry Sabato, a political science professor at the University of Virginia, about his thoughts on the various UFO sightings that have been reported. One particular incident that he talked about was the 2004 incident involving Navy pilots Alex Dietrich and Dave Fravor.

The pilots of the USS Princeton were training on the day of the incident, and they were alerted to the strange objects flying around them. They then went to investigate and saw an object that looked like a floating object with no markings.

According to Bill Nelson, the object accelerated as it flew away, and it was 60 miles away in less than two seconds flat. He then believes that the most likely explanation for the sightings is alien life. He claims that the pilots have reported seeing something, but they don’t know what it is.

He then claims that the object flew past the technological capabilities of an enemy on Earth. He believes that the possibility of alien life is more likely due to the universe’s massive size. He also noted that there are various theories suggesting that other universes exist.

If aliens exist, Earth is the only place where they are organized and civilized. I believe that there are other planets with intelligent life forms out there, too, as the universe is so big. Men In Black movies were onto something.

Bill’s interview with NASA’s chief scientist recently went viral, and people were very happy to support his theory about alien life. Many people on Reddit agreed with Nelson’s belief that there is a high probability of life being found outside Earth.

One person stated that it was a height of ignorance for people to believe that Earth is the only place where extraterrestrial life is.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS * PART I - 02/12/2022

Artemis 1 spacecraft completes 1st lunar orbit departure burn

NASA's Artemis 1 Orion spacecraft completed a distant retrograde orbit departure burn on Dec. 1, 2022. It's the first of 2 burns needed to leave lunar orbit for its return trip to Earth.

Full Story: https://www.space.com/artemis-1-orion...

Credit: NASA

Why Don’t Venus And Mercury Have Moons?

Spinning around our Sun are nine planets, more than 120 moons, millions of asteroids and other rocky objects, and countless comets. Together, they make up the Solar System, our home in this vast universe. Closest to the sun lies Mercury, followed by Venus, Earth and Mars. These planets are known as the Inner Planets of our Solar System.

All the planets in our Solar System are unique in an unusual way and each of them has a notable characteristic feature unique to them. The Earth sustains life to grow, while venus receives rain of extremely corrosive Sulphuric Acid. All Planets in our Solar System are surrounded by their mini planets, or better to say, their Satellites, which revolve around them in certain fixed orbits. The orbits can be distinguished and recognised by using Kepler's Laws of motion.

The moon is the closest celestial body to the Earth. It is Earth’s only natural Satellite. Most satellites are much smaller than their parent planet. Earth has only one Satellite, Mars has two Satellites, and Jupiter has about 80 of them, including the largest satellite in our Solar System, Ganymede. Saturn has more than eight two moons. Uranus has twenty-seven Satellites, while Neptune has about fourteen of them. Even our dwarf neighbour, Pluto, has five Satellites revolving around it. However, the first two planets of our Solar System, Mercury and Venus, surprisingly, do not possess moons. But, Why? Why are only the first two Planets exception to this characteristic feature? And How exactly were the Satellites formed?

In this video, we will have a detailed study of Satellites and the Factors affecting the formation of Satellites. Before we continue, make sure you like, subscribe to our channel and hit the bell icon for further engrossing topics like these.

Ancient Aliens: The Martian Origins of Mankind

Ancient Astronaut Theorists believe humans didn't evolve on earth. See more in this clip from Aliens and Human Evolution.

THE SIGHTS OF SPACE: A Voyage to Spectacular Alien Worlds

Meet the Navis III: An imaginary ship that will take you anywhere in the Milky Way. Its maiden voyage will send you on a tour of the wildest planets humanity has yet discovered: worlds that defy belief, from planetary oases to scorching hot gas giants with clouds made of metal.

This interstellar journey will give us a glimpse into how deep nature’s imagination goes…. and blaze a path for future pioneers, who might one day plant their flags on landscapes we can hardly imagine.

HOW THE WORLD WILL END | Countdown to Armageddon

Scientists believe the timeline for destruction is coming to an end. See more in this clip from Nostradamus Effect.

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LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS *PART II - 02/12/2022

Big fireball streaks across skies over at least 12 US states, Canada

The American Meteor Society received over 730 reports of a fireball over 12 US states on Dec. 2, 2022. See footage captured by home security cameras in Pennsylvania, Ohio and Michigan.

Credit: Space.com | footage courtesy: Bill Ericson, Stephen Martin, Jared Rackley, Al Holland K8ALH |edited by Steve Spaleta (https://twitter.com/stevespaleta

Elon Musk: "EVERYONE'S Lying!! People Don't Realize It About Pyramids!

The ancient pyramids of Egypt have been the subject of mankind's fascination for centuries now. These historic masonry structures are sprinkled across the Egyptian landscape and are living proof that the ancient Egyptian civilization was way more advanced than archeologists and historians previously thought. In the past, there have been many speculations and theories regarding how these pyramids came into being. Some of these were simple, having a logical approach that laborers built the pyramids that were designed by some incredibly talented architects. However, there are also some people who think outside of the box, a few among them have even proposed that these pyramids, especially the ones in Giza, were constructed by extraterrestrial beings. And believe it or not, the incredibly famous tech billionaire Elon Musk is among the people who believe the alien theory

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WION Climate Tracker: Scientists revive 48,500-year-old ‘zombie virus’ buried in ice | English News

French scientists have revived a 48,500-year-old "zombie virus" buried under a frozen lake in Russia. Scientists have long warned that the thawing of permafrost due to atmospheric warming will worsen climate change by freeing previously trapped greenhouse gases like methane.

About Channel:

WION The World is One News, examines global issues with in-depth analysis. We provide much more than the news of the day. Our aim to empower people to explore their world. With our Global headquarters in New Delhi, we bring you news on the hour, by the hour. We deliver information that is not biased. We are journalists who are neutral to the core and non-partisan when it comes to the politics of the world. People are tired of biased reportage and we stand for a globalised united world. So for us the World is truly One.

Inside The Navy's Indoor Ocean

The US Navy has an indoor ocean that can simulate any wave in the world. This video is sponsored by Brilliant

This Unsettling Discovery Scares Scientists

The most important undertaking is science. It helps us live longer and healthier lives, provides us with medicine to treat our illnesses, aids in meeting our fundamental requirements, and gives us vital energy. In addition, science enhances life's enjoyment of activities like sports, music, entertainment, and cutting-edge communication technologies. Not least of all, it piques our curiosity, particularly with videos like this. Even scientists who are authorities in their disciplines had to sigh at these clips. surprised? You'll discover why startling findings that make scientists nervous.

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Were Anunnaki Progenitors of the Human Race?

Across our planet and throughout the solar system new findings come forward which challenge the established beliefs of mainstream sciences. Billy Carson brings to light some of the strangest mysteries he has come across as he continuously works to expose these secrets. From the motivations of the ancient Annunaki to the cutting edge of quantum physics and anomalous astronomical discoveries, prepare to challenge your perceptions of our reality.

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James Webb Just Detected A Huge Structure Older Than The Universe!

The big bang is one of the most fascinating topics you can bring up when conversing with scientists and astronomers. This is because the theory talks about how the whole universe started in the first place. However, the event that led to the big bang is one thing that is being argued among scientists today.

For this reason, the James Webb Telescope was called in to make some findings about the big bang. The JWST found something quite alright, but it wasn't something the scientist had prepared their minds for. What did the James Webb Telescope discover, and in what way would it affect the Big Bang Theory?

Join us as we explore the James Webb telescope's terrifying discovery before the big bang.

It all began when an astronomer sighted a discovery made by the James Webb Telescope. Astronomer Rohan Naidu was at home with his girlfriend when he discovered the galaxy that almost broke cosmology. He was inspecting some of the images the James Webb Telescope sent earlier when one of the images caught his attention. The telescope had identified an object that Naidu recognized as mysteriously huge. It dates back to the big bang era, making it older than any galaxy we once knew in science. It was a shocking discovery for him, as he called his girlfriend to observe the most distant starlight too. He was praised for this discovery by his team, and then they got to work. A few days later, Naidu and his team published a paper on the discovered galaxy called "GLASS-z13." It was a discovery that had the whole world of science come to a standstill, as no one expected such a discovery to be made by the James Webb Telescope.

The James Webb Telescope made this ancient galaxy discovery just a few weeks after it went into operation. It was a huge achievement because if such a discovery could be made a few weeks into the telescope's launch, what next would it discover? The JWST, the most powerful telescope currently in use by scientists and astronomers and the Hubble Space Telescope's successor, was built to make us understand our universe better, and it is already achieving that feat. The telescope is 1.5 million kilometers away from earthly interference, where it orbits the sun. It is equipped with a sunshade about the size of a tennis court, with huge segmented mirrors and very sensitive tools designed to detect details about the universe and its entirety that have never been explored. 

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Tom Delonge says UFOs are from outside of time

According to Tom DeLonge, the founder of the To The Stars Academy, there is evidence that extraterrestrials are watching our planet. He claims that world leaders are aware of the presence of intelligent aliens.

By signing up, we will use your information to provide you with content in a way that will allow us to improve our understanding of you and provide you with more relevant and personalized content. This may include third-party advertisements. Tom DeLonge, a Blink-182 vocalist who has a passion for UFOs and aliens.

Tom DeLonge co-established the To The Stars Academy in 2017 in Las Vegas. It’s a company that focuses on investigating extraterrestrials through various mediums, such as the arts, science, and media. He has previously claimed that UFO research could potentially change the world.

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{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

MUFON - November 2022 Sightings

COUNTRIES UNITED STATES 544 CANADA 30 FRANCE 29 UNITED KINGDOM 23 AUSTRALIA 15 BELGIUM 7 BRAZIL 4 CHILE 2 SOUTH AFRICA 2 INDIA 2 GERMANY 2 ITALY 2 IRAQ 1 INDONESIA 1 NAMIBIA 1 CHINA 1 NEW ZEALAND 1 POLAND 1 IRAN 1 UNITED STATES MINOR OUTLYING ISLANDS 1 RUSSIAN FEDERATION 1 TURKEY 1 CZECH REPUBLIC 1 ESTONIA 1 MALAYSIA 1 BARBADOS 1 PORTUGAL 1 SPAIN 1 GIBRALTAR 1 UGANDA 1 TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS 1 SRI LANKA 1 IRELAND 1 COTE D'IVOIRE 1    TOTAL: 684 BY SHAPE Circle 126 Sphere 76 Triangle 60 Unknown 53 Other 47 Oval 41 Disc 36 Star-like 31 Tic Tac 22 Square/Rectangular 20 Cylinder 19 Cigar 18 Fireball 15 Boomerang 14 N/A 13 Blimp 7 Flash 7 Diamond 7 Bullet/Missile 6 Cone 5 Egg 5 Chevron 2 Saturn-like 2 Cross 1 Teardrop 1 STATES OF THE USA California 47 Texas 40 Florida 36 Pennsylvania 35 Michigan 30 Missouri 26 New York 24 Ohio 20 Kentucky 18 Georgia 17 Washington 16 Oregon 15 Indiana 14 New Jersey 13 Illinois 12 North Carolina 11 Arizona 11 Massachusetts 11 Oklahoma 10 Arkansas 10 Kansas 9 Nevada 9 Minnesota 9 Tennessee 8 Virginia 8 Wisconsin 8 Utah 7 Maryland 7 Connecticut 6 South Carolina 6 Maine 6 Colorado 6 New Mexico 5 Mississippi 4 Louisiana 3 Alabama 3 Hawaii 3 Idaho 3 New Hampshire 3 Montana 2 Vermont 2 Iowa 2 Wyoming 1 North Dakota 1 Nebraska 1 Rhode Island 1 DISTANCE FROM THE WITNESS < 100 ft 78 101-500 ft 77 501 ft - 1 Mile 130 Over 1 Mile 163 Unknown 46 NO VALUE 21 Most impressively there were 21 Landings, Hovering, or Takeoffs reported and 20 Entities observed. Number of abduction (ERT) cases were 39.

{ https://mufon.com/mufon-journal }

The tiniest possum in the world—once thought extinct—was discovered alive on an Australian island

This amazing creature was considered extinct. However, it was discovered to exist in Australia.

When Kangaroo Island caught fire, many animals died. Back then, it was believed that many animal species had disappeared, but it seems that everything is not so bad.

Over 20 species were still found alive. Among them is this incredible creature.

Image

Kangaroo Island Land for Wildlife is credited with discovering this creature 

Image

Image

The director of Exceptional Kangaroo Island, Craig Wickham, told Nevsveek that many animals were found after the disaster. This required many cameras with powerful sensors.

This possum is hard to spot, but it is truly an amazing creature.

Image

Image

Fauna ecologist Pat Hodgens said there was always hope they would find the creature

{ https://ghiennaunuong.com/ }

Mysteriously bright flash that gave off more light than 1,000 TRILLION suns was caused by a star being 'squeezed like a toothpaste tube' by a supermassive black hole, study finds

• Scientists detected a mysteriously bright flash of light in outer space in February
• It is thought to be a beam of matter extending from a supermassive black hole
• This occurred when the black hole devoured a star in a 'tidal disruption event'
• It was brighter than a trillion suns and light had travelled eight billion light-years

By FIONA JACKSON FOR MAILONLINE 

A mysteriously bright light in the sky was caused by a distant star being 'squeezed like a toothpaste tube' by a supermassive black hole, a study has found.

Astronomers at the Zwicky Transient Facility in California were mystified when they detected a flash that gave off more light than a trillion suns back in February.

Now, the team has revealed that the light was the result of a tidal disruption event (TDE), where a star wanders a little too close to a black hole and is ripped apart by its gravitational forces.

It is being dubbed one of the most violent events in the universe - reaching 54,000°F (30,000°C) - and is the brightest TDE ever witnessed from Earth. 

Astronomers at the Zwicky Transient Facility in California were mystified when they detected a flash that gave off more light than a trillion suns back in February.

Pictured: Artist's impression of a TDE

The event has been named AT2022cmc, and occurred more than eight billion light-years away - over halfway across the universe - making it the furthest TDE ever detected. 

Data collected from it could help shed new light on how supermassive black holes feed and grow.

The flash was first detected during a routine all-sky survey, and was identified as a jet of light pointing directly toward Earth, known as a 'jetted TDE'.

After the star was destroyed, an outflow of matter streaked out of the black hole at close to the speed of light, extending along its axis of rotation.

This emitted X-ray radiation, which was absorbed by dust surrounding the black hole, and re-emitted as infrared radiation, radio waves and visible light.

The jet's unusual brightness and alignment towards Earth allowed instruments across the world to capture it in extraordinary detail, despite its huge distance away from us.

These included the Liverpool Telescope in Spain and European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope in Chile.

Nial Tanvir from the University of Leicester, who was involved with the analysis, said: 'We have only seen a handful of these jetted-TDEs and they remain very exotic and poorly understood events.' 

After the star was destroyed, an outflow of matter streaked out of the black hole at close to the speed of light, extending along its axis of rotation. This emitted X-ray radiation, which was absorbed by dust surrounding the black hole, and re-emitted as infrared radiation, radio waves and visible light

The jet's unusual brightness and alignment towards Earth allowed for instruments across the world to capture it in extraordinary detail, despite its huge distance away from us 

Dr Daniel Perley, a co-author from Liverpool John Moores University, said that AT2022cmc was an 'extraordinary' type of TDE that 'didn't seem to match any known type of celestial source'.

He said: 'The most known types of explosions are either much faster, much slower, or much bluer in colour than inferred from the data.

'Usually, intense gravitational forces tear the star apart, transforming it into a superheated disk of gas which eventually disappears into the black hole.

'However, in this case, something happened that ejected matter almost at the speed of light back into space.

'The way we describe it is as a toothpaste tube being squeezed suddenly in the middle causing the contents to squirt matter out of both ends.

'Then, as the material collides with surrounding gas, the intense optical, radio, and X-ray emission is produced.'

The research team were able to 'catch this event right at the beginning, within one week of the black hole starting to feed on the star', according to co-author and astrophysicist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Dr Dheeraj Pasham.

It also marked the first time a jetted TDE has been detected from optical light.

Dr Perley added: 'Until now, the small number of jetted-TDEs that are known were initially detected using high energy gamma-ray and X-ray telescopes.'

AT2022cmc marks the first time a jetted TDE has been detected from optical light.

Pictured: Liverpool Telescope in Spain, which picked up some radiation from the jetted TDE

After the initial discovery of AT2022cmc, researchers looked at it with the Interior Composition ExploreR (NICER), an X-ray telescope on board the International Space Station. 

They found that the source of the radiation was 100 times more powerful than the strongest ones ever detected.

Dr Benjamin Gompertz, from the University of Birmingham and who led this analysis, said: 'As bright as they are, there is only so much light a collapsing star can produce. 

'Because AT 2022cmc was so bright and lasted so long, we knew that something truly gargantuan must be powering it – a supermassive black hole.'

His team concluded that the extreme X-ray activity is the result of the shredded star creating a whirlpool of debris as it fell into the black hole. 

'It's probably swallowing the star at the rate of half the mass of the sun per year,' Dr Pasham estimates.  

After the initial discovery of AT2022cmc, researchers looked at it with the Interior Composition ExploreR (NICER), an X-ray telescope that operates aboard the International Space Station (pictured)

The results of the analysis of AT2022cmc have been published today in two papers in Nature and Nature Astronomy.  

The last time scientists detected a jetted TDE was well over a decade ago, and it is still a mystery as to why some TDEs launch jets and some do not.

It is thought to be linked to the rate the star's matter is spinning around the black hole as it is destroyed, and a particularly rapid spin can power the luminous jets. 

As more powerful telescopes are launched, astronomers say they may be able to observe more TDEs and get some answers.

Here's an illustration showing what redshift basically does to the light coming from galaxies moving away from Earth.

NASA/JPL-Caltech//R. Hurt (Caltech-IPAC)

Dr Dr Matteo Lucchini, a co-author from MIT said: 'We expect many more of these TDEs in the future.

'Then we might be able to say, finally, how exactly black holes launch these extremely powerful jets.'

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

Exoplanet KOI-3010.01 is considered habitable with a probability of 84% – Highest EVER

The transit method was used by the Kepler mission to find a planet that circles the star KOI-3010. Researchers are interested in this world because it is similar to Earth in some ways.

The red dwarf KOI-3010 is 1213 light-years away from us in the constellation Lyra. This star is very old. It could be as old as 13.9 billion years. Planet KOI-3010.01, also called KOI-3010 b, is a warm super earth (it is more than Earth on a mass, but it is much inferior to gas giants). A trip around the star takes about 60 days on Earth.

Diagram showing how the mean stellar flux and temperature of the star they orbit affects Kepler’s discoveries of planets with diameters less than twice that of Earth. The green band shows roughly where the habitable zone ends, and the size of the planets is based on how far out from the sun they are. Click the image to make it bigger.

(NASA Ames/N. Batalha and W. Stenzel)

Environmental factors play a role in how life started and how it has grown on Earth. Its average temperature is 19.6 degrees Celsius. It is 1.35 times the size of Earth. They don’t know much about the atmosphere, but it’s there (there is an assumption that it is almost identical to the earth). The mass index has not been worked out yet. Scientists think that the exoplanet KOI-3010.01 will have a temperate climate like Earth and an ocean that covers about 65% of its surface.

Exoplanet KOI-3010.01 was found to be habitable with an 84% probability (extremely high)

Scientists think that the chemical makeup of exoplanets is very similar to that of Earth. It is important to note that it is in the habitable zone and has an index of 0.84, which means that it is most like Earth (maximum – 1). Researchers think she has a good chance of living because of this.

{ https://theancientzen.com/ }

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

Tiny Cubesat Will Shine an Infrared ‘Flashlight’ Into the Moon’s Shadowed Craters, Searching for Water Ice

“If we are going to have humans on the Moon,” said Barbara Cohen, Lunar Flashlight principal investigator, “they will need water for drinking, breathing, and rocket fuel. But it’s much cheaper to live off the land than to bring all that water with you.”

Several previous missions have found evidence of water ice at the Moon’s poles, including Lunar Prospector, the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS) and the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. Additionally, other observations have provided many lines of evidence for deep water ice deposits the permanently shadowed regions across both lunar poles.

Cohen told Universe Today that Lunar Flashlight will be looking for “operationally useful” quantities of ice, meaning enough water ice within the craters or embedded in the regolith that could be easily extracted by future rovers or lunar explorers.

Lunar Flashlight has just one instrument, a four-laser reflectometer that uses a low-power infrared beam to illuminate the permanently shadowed regions in polar craters. The spectrometer can distinguish between dry regolith and water ice, as the light reflected back from the lunar surface will allow the spacecraft to detect water ice absorption bands in the near infrared.  

“Infrared wavelengths are absorbed by water,” Cohen explained, “so if water ice there, we’ll get fewer photons back than we what we sent.”

By repeating these measurements over multiple points and across multiple orbits, the Lunar Flashlight team will be able to create a map of surficial ice concentration.  This method could allow NASA to not only find reservoirs of ice but potentially figure out how large they are, since more absorption could indicate more water. Cohen said the data they get can be correlated with data from previous missions to help guide future rovers and humans where to find the water ice.  

That’s a big task for such a small spacecraft, and Cohen said having such a small footprint to work with was a challenge in constructing the spacecraft.

“Having a 14-kilogram spacecraft means you have to shrink a lot of things down,” Cohen said. “But it also means you must get innovative about what you’re including and what you’re not. That means we could only have one instrument, as we didn’t have room for more. But it’s a great instrument and it’s the first time that active laser spectroscopy will be done at the Moon.”

They also had to make their spacecraft require very low power, as there isn’t room for a lot of batteries.

“Our lasers have the intensity similar to that of a laser pointer,” Cohen explained. “Such low power means we need to be very close to the lunar surface, about 15-20 kilometers away.”

Even a full size satellite with a lot of fuel would have a hard time maintaining a that low of an orbit, so Lunar Flashlight will use an innovative orbit called a near rectilinear halo orbit. This is the same orbit currently being used by the microwave-oven-sized CAPSTONE (Cislunar Autonomous Positioning System Technology Operations and Navigation Experiment), which is conduct tests to make sure this unique lunar orbit is actually stable. The same orbit has been proposed for the NASA’s future Lunar Gateway. This near-rectilinear halo orbit will take it 70,000 km (42,000 miles) from the Moon at its most distant point and, at its closest approach, the satellite will graze the surface of the Moon, coming within 15 km (9 miles) above the lunar South Pole.

“This orbit enables us to come very, very close to the surface when we want to make the measurements and then go very far away as an energy saving measure for the rest of the orbit,” Cohen said, adding that her team is definitely keeping an eye on how things are going for CAPSTONE.

For the primary mission, Lunar Flashlight will get approximately 10 passes of the Moon, depending on how much fuel they have.

“We have an eight-month primary mission, but it depends on fuel,” Cohen said. Roughly 50 minutes after launch, Lunar Flashlight will eject from the second stage of the Falcon 9 rocket. “When we are ejected, the spacecraft will tumble and we need to use fuel to get into the right orbit. With such a small fuel tank, we don’t have a huge amount of margin.”

Lunar Flashlight is considered a technology demonstration mission, as it is testing out several technological firsts, including the first use of the laser reflectometer to look for water ice and the first planetary CubeSat mission to use “green” propulsion – a propellant that is less toxic and safer than hydrazine, a common propellant used by spacecraft.

Another unique aspect is that the “mission control” for the spacecraft is housed at Georgia Tech and will be staffed by a group of 14 operators — eight graduate students and six undergraduates.

“These students helped put this spacecraft together, they wrote all the scripts, they’ll be doing the uplink and downlink – they’re the ones actually in control of the spacecraft. It’s been really gratifying to see such a really meaningful level of student involvement, and they’re going to know the ins and out of operating a spacecraft. You just know those students are going to go on to have amazing careers.”

There have been a few delays leading up to the launch of Lunar Flashlight and Japan’s Hakuto-R Mission, but the launch time is now set for Thursday, December 1 at 3:37 a.m. ET from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida.

• For more details on the mission, see the Georgia Tech website and this article from JPL.

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

UFOs Might Be Inter-Dimensional!

The post UFO’S MIGHT BE INTER-DIMENSIONAL!! appeared first on L. A. Marzulli.

• http://lamarzulli.wordpress.com/
• http://www.lamarzulli.net/

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Wormhole is created inside a quantum computer that 'teleported' a message from one side to the other - and this could help scientists observe the theorized passages in real space

• Wormholes are theorized passages that create shortcuts in space-time
• It would be a 'tunnel' that connects two distant points, allowing things to travel in a shorter time
• Scientists created a 'holographic' wormhole inside of a quantum computer
• The team made it by simulating two black holes in the system, one on each side
• They sent a message through one side and watched it emerge on the other 

By STACY LIBERATORE FOR DAILYMAIL.COM

The first-ever wormhole, a theoretical passage that creates shortcuts in space-time, has been created inside of a quantum computer in a breakthrough that could lead to the first observation of one in space.

While this tunnel is not through actual space, scientists made it by simulating two black holes in the system, one on each side, and used it to 'teleport' messages.

The holographic wormhole will be the first time scientists can analyze how the passage would work since the idea was proposed nearly 100 years ago.

Daniel Jafferis of Harvard and co-author of the study said that the innovation is not a hologram that can be seen but is 'a filament of real space-time.' 

A wormhole is a theorized passage that creates a shortcut in space-time, the 3-D 'fabric' that makes up space, which can be warped and distorted. Scientists created one in a quantum computer

A wormhole is a type of bridge that could form when space-time is folded. Space-time is the 3-D 'fabric' that makes up space, which can be warped and distorted.

The passage is described as a structure that connects two distant parts in spacetime, acting as a shortcut from one to the other. And the points can be billions of light-years away.

While Albert Einstein and physicist Nathan Rosen are known for proposing the theory dubbed Einstein-Rosen bridges in 1935, the idea was first shared in 1928 by German mathematician Hermann Weyl.

Weyl, however, referred to it as 'one-dimensional tubes.'

Physicist John Wheeler was the first to call it 'wormhole' in the 1950s.

Maria Spiropulu at the California Institute of Technology and her colleagues used Google’s Sycamore quantum computer to simulate a holographic wormhole.

While an actual wormhole would be powered through gravity, the holographic creation used quantum effects, New Scientist reports. 

Scientists made it by simulating two black holes in the system, one on each side, and used it to 'teleport' messages

The team used a qubit - the quantum equivalent of a bit in conventional silicon-based computers - and observed it travel to the next system.

The qubit moved through quantum teleportation, a process by which information about quantum states can be sent between two distant but quantum entangled particles.

The particles interact and share their physical states for an instant - no matter how far the distance separates them.

Alexander Zlokapa, a former undergraduate student at Caltech who started on this project for his bachelor's thesis, said in a statement: 'We performed a kind of quantum teleportation equivalent to a traversable wormhole in the gravity picture.

'To do this, we had to simplify the quantum system to the smallest example that preserves gravitational characteristics so we could implement it on the Sycamore quantum processor at Google.'   

The physicists report that wormhole behavior acted as expected from both gravity and quantum physics perspectives.

'The relationship between quantum entanglement, spacetime, and quantum gravity is one of the most important questions in fundamental physics and an active area of theoretical research,' Spiropulu said.

'We are excited to take this small step toward testing these ideas on quantum hardware and will keep going.' 

WHAT ARE WORMHOLES AND COULD THEY TRANSPORT US ACROSS THE UNIVERSE?

Space-time can be warped and distorted, although It takes an enormous amount of matter or energy to create such distortions.

In the case of the wormhole, a shortcut is made by warping the fabric of space-time. 

Imagine folding a piece of paper with two pencil marks drawn on it to represent two points in space-time.

Space-time can be warped and distorted, although It takes an enormous amount of matter or energy to create such distortions. In the case of the wormhole (artist's impression), a shortcut is made by warping the fabric of space-time 

The line between them shows the distance from one point to the other in normal space-time.

If the paper is now bent and folded over almost double - the equivalent to warping space-time - then poking the pencil through the paper provides a much shorter way of linking the two points, in the same way a wormhole would create a shortcut.

The problem with using wormholes to travel in space or time is that they are inherently unstable. 

When a particle enters a wormhole, it also creates fluctuations that cause the structure to collapse in on it.  

However, some studies have claimed that travelling through these theoretical shortcuts might be possible - in spite of the extreme forces at play.

They could be used to traverse distances from a few metres, across lightyears or even to entirely new universes, some say.

Read more:

• phys.org/news/20...
• A quantum computer has simulated a wormhole for the first time | New Scientist

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Scientists Send Quantum Data Through a Simulated Wormhole

For the first time, scientists have created a quantum computing experiment for studying the dynamics of wormholes — that is, shortcuts through spacetime that could get around relativity’s cosmic speed limits.

Wormholes are traditionally the stuff of science fiction, ranging from Jodie Foster’s wild ride in “Contact” to the time-bending plot twists in “Interstellar.” But the researchers behind the experiment, reported in the Dec. 1 issue of the journal Nature, hope that their work will help physicists study the phenomenon for real.

“We found a quantum system that exhibits key properties of a gravitational wormhole, yet is sufficiently small to implement on today’s quantum hardware,” Caltech physicist Maria Spiropulu said in a news release. Spiropulu, the Nature paper’s senior author, is the principal investigator for a federally funded research program known as Quantum Communication Channels for Fundamental Physics.

Don’t pack your bags for Alpha Centauri just yet: This wormhole simulation is nothing more than a simulation, analogous to a computer-generated black hole or supernova. And physicists still don’t see any conditions under which a traversable wormhole could actually be created. Someone would have to create negative energy first.

Columbia theoretical physicist Peter Woit warned against making too much of a to-do over the research.

“The claim that ‘Physicists Create a Wormhole’ is just complete bullshit, with the huge campaign to mislead the public about this a disgrace, highly unhelpful for the credibility of physics research in particular and science in general,” he wrote on his blog, which is called Not Even Wrong.

The main aim of the research was to shed light on a concept known as quantum gravity, which seeks to unify the theories of general relativity and quantum mechanics. Those two theories have done an excellent job of explaining how gravity works and how the subatomic world is structured, respectively, but they don’t match up well with each other.

One of the big questions focuses on whether wormhole teleportation might follow the principles that are behind quantum entanglement. That quantum phenomenon is better understood, and it’s even been demonstrated in the real world, thanks to Nobel-winning research: It involves linking subatomic particles or other quantum systems in a way that allows for what Albert Einstein called “spooky action at a distance.”

Spiropulu and her colleagues, including principal authors Daniel Jafferis and Alexander Zlokapa, created a computer model that applies the physics of quantum entanglement to wormhole dynamics. Their program was based on a theoretical framework known as the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model, or SYK.

The big challenge was that the program had to be executed on a quantum computer. Google’s Sycamore quantum processing chip was just powerful enough to take on the task, with an assist from conventional machine learning tools.

“We employed [machine] learning techniques to find and prepare a simple SYK-like quantum system that could be encoded in the current quantum architectures and that would preserve the gravitational properties,” Spiropulu said. “In other words, we simplified the microscopic description of the SYK quantum system and studied the resulting effective model that we found on the quantum processor.”

The researchers inserted a quantum bit, or qubit, of encoded information into one of two entangled systems — and then watched the information emerge from the other system. From their perspective, it was as if the qubit passed between black holes through a wormhole.

“It took a really long time to arrive at the results, and we surprised ourselves with the outcome,” said Caltech researcher Samantha Davis, one of the study’s co-authors.

The team found that the wormhole simulation allowed information to flow from one system to the other when the computerized equivalent of negative energy was applied, but not when positive energy was applied instead. That matches what theorists would expect from a real-world wormhole.

As quantum circuits become more complex, the researchers aim to conduct higher-fidelity simulations of wormhole behavior — which could lead to new twists in fundamental theories.

“The relationship between quantum entanglement, spacetime, and quantum gravity is one of the most important questions in fundamental physics and an active area of theoretical research,” Spiropulu said. “We are excited to take this small step toward testing these ideas on quantum hardware and will keep going.”

• In addition to Jafferis, Zlokapa, Spiropulu and Davis, the authors of the Nature paper, titled “Traversable Wormhole Dynamics on a Quantum Processor,” include Joseph Lykken, David Kolchmeyer, Nikolai Lauk and Hartmut Neven.

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

Translation from report diariodeavisos.elespanol.com: A possible meteorite has triggered the alarms in Gran Canaria on the afternoon of this Wednesday. According to official sources, it crossed La Palma, El Hierro, La Gomera, the south of Tenerife and passed through Gran Canaria, to end up plunging into the sea, on the north coast, between the municipalities of Arucas and Guía. 

The loud noise generated by the trajectory of the meteorite triggered alarm among the population in different parts of the island, with special emphasis on the Santa Brígida area, where it was even thought of a landslide. The subsequent fire in an area of the municipality suggested that it was due to the impact of the meteorite, something that was later ruled out. 

When it entered the Canarian sky, a luminous object of an intense red color was seen and then a trail of smoke. He crossed the western islands in the direction of Gran Canaria. 

The alert began at 3:39 p.m. this Wednesday, at which time dozens of people have called 112 reporting "tremors" of origin yet to be identified. According to the sources of the emergency service, they have not had to intervene for the moment and are collecting information about the incident. 

"I do not know the origin, but the tremor was quite important. Not only windows, the floor and walls trembled and in the background a sound like a distant explosion," said Twitter user @meteograncanaria.com 

The National Geographic Institute has registered the shock, but still does not specify the origin. The authorities are trying to find out the cause of the great noise that this Wednesday keeps Gran Canaria in suspense . 

Although it is believed to have been a meteorite, this has not yet been proven. It is said to have been a 3-foot-long object that would weigh many tons. Such an object would cause a huge tidal wave when it crashes into the sea and that does not seem to be the case here. So, was it a meteorite or could it have been something else that crashed into the sea? 

Twitter page below: The great roar this afternoon in Gran Canaria was not produced by any earthquake. At our seismic stations we see the noise of some kind of unknown explosion. What we see is sound. Therefore, this is outside of our competences

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Donut-shaped UFO over Southern California on 27-Nov-2022

This donut-shaped UFO sighting was filmed over Southern California and it was submitted to our website through our Facebook page. It was filmed on 27th November 2022.

What do you think it is? Real deal or maybe a balloon?

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

Synthetic Greys: Artificially Programmed Probes with One Aim in Mind – Gather Information & Survive

According to author and philosopher, Nigel Kerner, we are entering a critical phase in our evolution as a species due to the increasing number of artificial constructs being introduced to us.

Richard S. Syrett, the guest host, joined the team of Kerner and Silverman to discuss the author’s ideas about an advanced race that has developed AI probes known as Greys.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }