Study Claims Technologically Advanced Species Could Have Been On Earth Tens Of Millions Of Years Ago

We like to think that we are an exception: An intelligent life that has developed a vastly complex indust

rialized civilization unlike anything seen before. But would we actually know if millions of years ago some other life forms had created huge cities, altered the landscape, and formed their own civilization? What would be left of their exploits for us to find?

This is the thought experiment that the director of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies, Gavin Schmidt, and professor of physics and astronomy at the University of Rochester, Adam Frank, have been exploring. They want to understand if any evidence of a hugely advanced civilization could persist tens of millions of years into the future and, if so, what form it might take. Their results are published in the International Journal of Astrobiology.

“Gavin and I have not seen any evidence of another industrial civilization,” Frank lays out from the onset. Since they have not found any pre-human civilization, they have been looking at what impact we as a species are having on the planet, and how long those impacts are likely to be detectable into the future. “These questions make us think about the future and the past in a much different way, including how any planetary-scale civilization might rise and fall.”

While we have plenty of evidence of past civilizations in the form of statutes and foundations that date back maybe a few thousand years at most, things get far more opaque when the clock is rolled back by a few million or hundreds of millions of years.

Calling this the “Silurian hypothesis” – after the technologically advanced reptiles from Dr. Who – they speculate what would be left if a civilization lasted for 100,000 years or so around 60 million years ago. That may sound like a long time, but in the history of the Earth, it is but a blip. However, the chance of fossils would be rare, so what else could we look for?

As a species, we are currently laying down all sorts of traces that will be detectable in a 100 million years’ time. In feeding 7 billion people, we’ve completely altered the nitrogen cycle, with much of it now finding its way into sediment at the bottom of the ocean and the tops of mountains. On the flip side, rare earth elements that were once buried deep are now floating free at the surface as we develop ever more complex technology.

That’s not to mention the changes in the carbon cycle from burning so much fossil fuel or the millions of tonnes of plastic being laid down. Some have even suggested that all the plastic we’re producing is forming a new kind of rock, and all these changes will still be detectable far into the future.

All this is obviously hypothetical at the moment, but it has an important point. These are the kind of clues we could use to look for previously advanced civilizations on other planets.

“We know early Mars and, perhaps, early Venus were more habitable than they are now, and conceivably we will one day drill through the geological sediments there, too,” says Gavin Schmidt. “This helps us think about what we should be looking for.”

{ http://www.iflscience.com/ }

NASA schiet telescoop TESS de ruimte in op zoek naar buitenaards leven -  HLN.be

Bron: ANP

De lancering was eigenlijk al voor maandag gepland, maar werd uitgesteld om bijkomende tests uit te voeren op het navigatiesysteem van de raket. De ruimteverkenner moet in kaart brengen of er ergens in het heelal een andere planeet is waar misschien leven mogelijk is. Tess is het zusje van de Amerikaanse ruimtetelescoop Kepler, die in 2009 werd gelanceerd en nu aan het einde van zijn leven is.

Ken Tyndall@KenTyndallWFTV

#BREAKING Lift-off! NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite #TESS begins 2-year mission to search for planets outside our solar system! Crowds watch from Jetty Park. @WFTV

1:08 AM - Apr 19, 2018

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Lees ook

NASA-ingenieur: “De eerste mens op Mars moet een vrouw zijn”

TESS, de opvolger van de Kepler-satelliet, is uitgerust met vier camera’s en zal de komende twee jaar lang 200.000 sterren observeren op zoek naar exoplaneten. Die zal de telescoop kunnen waarnemen door het licht dat ze blokkeren in hun baan rond de sterren.

De missie kost rond de 200 miljoen dollar. Vanaf 2019 zal NASA naar verwachting de eerste verwerkte resultaten publiceren.

 Photo News

NASA

✔@NASA

Successful main engine cutoff (MECO) of the @SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket carrying @NASA_TESS on its journey to search the skies for planets outside of our solar system. Watch live: https://www.pscp.tv/w/1vAxRVVyqykxl 

12:55 AM - Apr 19, 2018

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✔@NASAKennedy

On its mission to explore other planets in the universe, @NASA_TESS will take a unique orbit . Check out this video from @NASAGoddard explaining #TESS's orbit. Learn more: https://go.nasa.gov/2vqOOWi 

1:24 AM - Apr 19, 2018

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Gigantische ontdekking onder dit mini-eilandje “zou de hele wereldeconomie kunnen veranderen” -  HLNbe

Bron: Scientific Reports, Wall Street Journal, NOS

In de modder rond het koraaleiland Minamitorishima, ook Marcuseiland genoemd, zit meer dan 16 miljoen ton aan zeldzame metalen dat gebruikt kan worden in smartphones, elektrische wagens en kernreactoren. De onderzoekers vonden bijvoorbeeld ook yttrium, een erg zeldzaam metaal dat wordt gebruikt voor cameralenzen en smartphoneschermen.

Jack Lifton van Technology Metals Research LLC, dat niet betrokken was bij het onderzoek, noemt de ontdekking een gamechanger voor Japan en de wereldeconomie. “Japan kan waardevolle metalen leveren aan de rest van de wereld op nagenoeg oneindige basis”, vertelt Lifton aan The Wall Street Journal. “De gevonden metalen zijn erg belangrijk in de moderne samenleving.”

Ton Bastein, grondstoffenexpert bij de Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO), zegt tegen de Nederlandse zender NOS dat een groter aanbod van de bijzondere metalen een goede zaak is, maar nuanceert het ook: “Er is absoluut geen tekort aan deze metalen. Er zat al voor duizenden jaren in de grond”.

China

Voorlopig heeft China de macht over de markt van de zeldzame metalen. Volgens CNN bezat het land in 2015 ongeveer 95 procent van de markt, maar die dominantie zou nu kunnen verdwijnen. Dat zegt ook Bastein tegen NOS: ”Als het tot echte mijnbouw komt, dan zou dat de afhankelijkheid van China verminderen”. Volgens Bastein zou het dan ook goed nieuws zijn als er een tweede land is waar de metalen vandaan kunnen komen.

De Japanse wetenschappers zijn alvast overtuigd dat het zal lukken om de metalen te winnen, al moet het materiaal wel van ver komen: het vasteland ligt op een afstand van 2.000 km. De vondst roept meteen ook vragen op over welke metalen nog allemaal te vinden zijn op onze zeebodem. 

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Among all of the strange stories of the mysterious and paranormal there are often those which seem to be particularly strange and inexplicable, and which serve to grip us with their enigmas. Certainly among these are the numerous cases throughout history of bizarre holes in the earth which seem to penetrate down into paranormal oddities and anomalies that we can only grasp at the answers to. Portals to other dimensions, doorways to Hell, and just plain wellsprings of surreal mysteries and horrors, here are some of the most mysterious alleged paranormal holes in the earth there are.

By far the most well-known such mysterious hole first came to public knowledge on February 21, 1997, when the late, great radio talent Art Bell, host of the legendary radio show Coast to Coast AM had a guest join him on the air who called himself Mel Waters and claimed to own a stretch of secluded rural property in Kittitas County, Washington, near Manastash Ridge that apparently had something rather strange going on. As Bell listened on as calm and unflappable as always, Waters would over the course of a series of several shows weave a truly, increasingly bizarre tale of a mysterious hole in the earth that he had found on his property and which seemed to defy and warp reality as we know it.

Art Bell in his studio

The legendary hole was apparently long known in the area as The Devil’s Hole, and supposedly measures around 9 feet across, with the strange addition of seemingly hand-placed bricks lining the interior down to a depth of around 15 feet, after which it drops off into, well, no one really knows. According to Waters the hole had been known in the area since humans had first inhabited the region, and Natives and early settlers found that anything they threw into the hole would vanish into the yawning void without ever issuing any sound of actually hitting a bottom of any kind. The Native people of the area apparently stayed well away from the cursed hole, and claimed that animals would not go near it. Waters himself said he began to use the bizarre hole as a sort of garbage dump, and after never hearing a sound of even the heaviest objects connecting and no sign of the hole filling up, he became increasingly obsessed with the idea that it may in fact be bottomless.

To test his odd theory Waters told Bell that he had concocted an experiment in the summer of 1996, wherein he would rig a fishing line over the hole with a one-pound weight attached and lower it until it hit the bottom to see how deep it really was. This would apparently turn out to be easier said than done, as he claimed to have used spool after spool of line without ever reaching the bottom, and he estimated that it had to be at least a staggering, physics-defying 80,000 feet deep. Waters also discovered at this time the unsettling fact that shouting down into the hole produced no echo, and radios brought near it would sometimes pick up strange things such as unidentified voices and old-fashioned music from another era materializing from out of the ether. Mel’s dogs were also apparently absolutely terrified of the hole, absolutely refusing to go anywhere near it. This is already quite weird enough as it is, but what would come to be known as “Mel’s Hole” would prove to be even stranger still. Waters claimed in one of his interviews that a local man had once thrown his recently deceased dog down into the hole and that it had come back to him from the dead, of which he would say:

One guy claims he threw his departed canine down into the hole… and the guy that did it swears the dog actually came back to him… he was a hunter and he was out there hunting and he saw the same dog, he had the same collar, he had the same little metal thing on his collar there and he said it was the same dog and he says he knew he had thrown the dog into the hole!

The initial interview with Bell created a sensation that propelled the story of Mel’s Hole firmly into the pantheon of great unexplained paranormal phenomena, and pretty soon it was being excitedly discussed and debated all over the place. Waters would end up having more interviews with Bell over the years, during which it came out that he had been experiencing some unusual activity since his story had been made public. In one incident he was allegedly heading out to the hole to perform another experiment when he was warned away approaching by some official looking gentlemen who told him that the area had been closed off due to a plane crash. Waters claimed that at the time he had noticed some personnel nearby who appeared to have been wearing some sort of biocontainment suits. When Waters demanded to be let in, he was apparently told in no uncertain terms that he would face serious repercussions if he should try and do so. The government then apparently leased the land from him and paid to have him relocated to Australia, all while denying that anything had happened at all.

Waters would go on in a later interview to claim that he had spent two years in Australia before heading back to the United States despite alleged warnings against doing this. After arriving he said that he had been removed from a bus headed for Washington by police and dumped 2 weeks later onto the streets of San Francisco with IV needle marks on his arm, some of his teeth missing, and no memory of what had happened to him. He still managed to make it back to his hometown, where he had then been menaced by mysterious strangers dressed in black and had seemingly been under constant surveillance. As to his land, he was told that it had been taken under control of the government, and oddly enough it seemed to have been erased from an early mapping system called TerraServer, a sort of early version of Google Earth.

All of this talk of government conspiracies reinvigorated interest in the mysterious Mel’s Hole, and this isn’t even the end of the bizarre odyssey of Mel Waters, as he would claim to go on to find a second mysterious hole, this time in the badlands of Nevada that was by his account every bit as strange, if not more so, than the first one. This particular hole was of similar dimensions to the first, only instead of a brick lining possessed what looked like some sort of metal ring around the entrance that extended all the way down into the gloom. Like the first hole, anything dropped into it seemed to simply cease to exist, never hitting the bottom. With the help of local Natives, Waters claimed that he had then decided to continue his experimentation, and this is where things would get outlandish rather quickly.

In one experiment Waters would claim that a bucket of ice had been lowered into the hole down to a depth of around 1,500 feet, after which it had been brought up to find that the ice was warm to the touch, yet not had not melted. What’s more, the ice seemed to have changed into a type of flammable substance. Perplexed, Waters moved on to a live test subject, this time having a sheep lowered down into the hole inside a wooden crate. It was apparently quite a time trying to get the animal anywhere near the hole, as it was overcome with a profound panic, but what is really strange is what supposedly happened next.

As with the ice, the sheep was lowered down to 1,500 feet, shrieking, screaming, bucking and kicking the whole way until it abruptly went silent. At this point the metallic surface of the pit was said to have begun to hum and vibrate ominously, and after fleeing the scene for some time Waters and his crew were finally able to hoist the sheep back up, after which it was found to have been gruesomely cooked on the inside by some unknown force. In addition, an anomalous tumor was purportedly found on the sheep, which seemed to be moving and which they went and cut open to see what was going on. It was a decision they would soon regret.

As soon as the tumor had been cut open, something quite horrifying was regurgitated forth from the sheep’s carcass, which was described as looking like a “fetal seal,” which stared at them for some time with intelligent, human-like eyes before jumping into the murky depths of the hole. Waters and company, shocked and disgusted by what they had seen wasted no time in tossing the dead sheep in after it to sail down through that bottomless abyss. To make this all the more surreal, Waters would credit the creature with curing a cancer he had had, and even claimed that it would regularly visit the local sheep herders after that, who described it as being a benevolent presence. After this incident there were also seen various brightly colored birds loitering about the hole that were supposedly impervious to bullets, and a few instances of what Waters called a black beam emanating from the hole, which he described as looking like “if you had a flashlight, and it was capable of throwing up a solid black.”

The whole tale is just about as far-out and absurd as it could be, yet it captured the imagination and continued to be hotly talked about, with numerous sites devoted to dissecting the case of Mel’s Holes and countless believers in the tale trying to deduce the locations to no avail. Since Waters had never given away the exact location of either hole they remained a cipher, and considering that his last interview with Bell was in 2002 there was no other forthcoming information on the holes and their myriad anomalies and phenomena. Then, in 2008 the tale was reignited when a man claiming to be a tribal medicine man named Gerald R. Osborne, or also his tribal name “Red Elk,” came forward to claim that not only was Mel’s story true, but that he had seen the one in Washington himself on several occasions and that it was every bit as odd as Waters had described. Red Elk would go on to speculate that it was the entrance to some sort of underground UFO base, and would even claim that he had once seen a UFO hovering over the pit.

Others have come forward since who have claimed to have been to one Mel’s Hole or the other, but no one has ever given any proof or made the supposed locations of the holes public, which means that these claims have only added to the mystique and mythology of the tale. The mystery of Mel Waters and his holes has never really faded, and is still discussed as much as it ever was. Considering that no one seems to have ever really had any idea of where either hole could be, and that there is no evidence that Mel Waters was ever even a real person at all, combined with the sheer bizarreness of it all, it is a distinct possibility that this was all an elaborate hoax that got out of hand to propel itself into urban legend. However, there are still plenty of people who believe Waters was telling the truth. Until the holes are found, it seems it will continue to be one of those stories that is impossible to prove or disprove, and will likely linger in the lore of great paranormal mysteries.

Although Mel’s Holes are by far the most well-known, they are not the first, and indeed tales of mysterious pits in the earth have been around for a while. In ancient Rome and Greece tales of sinister bottomless holes with supernatural qualities were all the rage, and were well-witnessed by scores of people. Often there would be actual temples, shrines, and even amphitheaters erected at these “Gates of Hell,” and in many cases animals would be dropped down towards these fissures to suddenly drop dead as if by some evil force. These areas, such as one in Turkey’s ancient city of Hierapolis, would often be considered the realms of the gods of the underworld, and to the people of the time it was all seen as a decidedly supernatural event.

It has in recent years been found that these places were constructed over cracks in the earth that seem to vent high concentrations of CO2 gas, which would form a sort of CO2 lake, and that this could have been the reason that these animal sacrifices were snuffed out so quickly. In these cases, the priests and observers are speculated to have been situated high enough to have escaped the lethal effects of the gas, and it all would have seemed like a very mysterious occurrence, with the power of the underworld belching out from beneath the ground. It is an interesting instance of science managing to come close to an understanding of some of these mysterious holes.

Another one of the older and more infamous paranormal holes can be found in the Czech Republic. Constructed between 1253 and 1278, the majestic Houska Castle is said to have been built specifically to cover a hole which led straight to Hell, said to have spontaneously formed in a limestone cliff and to be a bottomless pit full of tormented souls, which would vomit forth all manner of horrific creatures birthed from the underworld.These demonic monstrosities were said to emerge from the hole to fan out across the countryside at night, terrorizing local villages to the point that people were afraid to leave their homes after sunset, and certainly would not go anywhere near the hole even in daylight. Such was the ominous reputation of the hole that prisoners were sometimes thrown into the pit as punishment, with the caveat that they would be released if they could climb back out. Not many did, and even when they did there were strange tales surrounding their reemergence. In one story, a prisoner who had been thrown into the hole began screaming with such abject terror that he was hoisted back out to find that he had aged 30 years within moments.

The persistent tales of marauding demons and dark forces at work within the malevolent hole, as well as the growing panic of villagers in the area, is said to have prompted construction of Houska Castle in an effort to block the gateway. There are many odd details about the castle that lend weight to this theory. Although the castle has a large number of windows, very few of them are actually real, and most of them have thick walls directly behind the glass. There is also the odd fact that the castle had no water source, was not near any trading routes, and remained without occupants for years. The frescoes and artwork found within the castle also point to its true purpose, such as pagan imagery denoting demonic creatures, not common in most castles of the time, as well as various depictions of St. Michael fighting dragons and images which have hints and leanings of a Satanic undertone. It is said that the purported demonic powers of the castle were the reason why Nazis chose it as a base of operations during World War II, and that they carried out secret experiments trying to harness its enigmatic power.

If Houska Castle was indeed built to cover up a pit to Hell, then it seems it was only partially successful because strange stories have continued to emanate from the location to this day. Visitors to the lower floors have long claimed that at times there can be heard the sound of what seems to be claws or talons scrabbling and clawing at the floor underneath, as if something is trying to break free from underground. There are also reports from the chapel on the premises, which is said to be built directly over the hole itself, of a “chorus of screams” that allegedly pours forth from the bowels of the earth below. There are also numerous reports of a wide variety of strange apparitions roaming the cold, stone halls and corridors of the castle. One such apparition is said to be a headless corpse that lurks within the courtyard spewing blood, and there are also featureless shadow people, winged creatures like warped, giant bats, and even a bizarre entity said to look like a combination of human, frog, and a bulldog. Adding to all of the other weirdness are reports of levitating objects, numerous inexplicable thumps or bangs, visitors being tapped, pushed, or even hit, and roaming cold spots, all of which have made Houska Castle a popular destination for paranormal investigators.

Houska Castle

One curious case of a strange, possibly demonic portal in the earth of some sort allegedly occurred in 1947 at St. Bartholomew’s Church in Yealmpton, South Devon, England. At the time a Reverend Alfred Byles was serving as the Vicar of the church, and he would say that one day he had been walking about in the churchyard when he noticed a gaping pit planted right in the middle of the pathway that led up to the church proper. He claimed that he entered the church for just a moment to fetch his wife to take a look, and when he came out again it had inexplicably grown in size. Peering into it, they could see no bottom to the hole, and a rock thrown in hit some kind of stonework on the side that looked like a manmade wall.

Byles said that he had gone into town to find something to cover the hole with, as it seemed to be an unsafe thing to have there on the church pathway, and while he was looking around he invited a local builder to come with them to see it for himself. However, when they arrived the hole was apparently gone, with no scar in the earth, the grass all back to where it was, and no sign whatsoever that a yawning maw in the earth with walls within it had ever been there at all. Byles would write of the incident decades later in a letter to the magazine Reports and Transaction of the Devonshire Association in 1975, and the odd tale attracted the interest of the TV show Arthur C. Clarke’s World of Strange Powers, which interviewed him on the phenomenon in 1985. If this strange hole really did exist, then what was it and where did it go? It remains a mystery.

In later years there have been other stories of strange holes in the earth as well. In 1984 something very strange happened near Grand Coulee Dam, in Eastern Washington state, in the United States. Here in a secluded wheat field operated by a Fred Timm and his sons was found a huge chunk of earth measuring 10 feet long and 7 feet wide and weighing several tons that had been cleanly removed from the ground and placed right-side up 73 feet away to leave a circular hole with smooth vertical walls and an almost perfectly flat bottom behind. It looked almost as if it had been removed with some enormous cookie-cutter. The chunk of earth appeared to be completely intact, and there was also found a trail of dirt that had apparently dribbled from the main slab as it had travelled to its displaced location.

Scientists were baffled as to what had caused the sudden appearance of this hole, as it was so well-formed and the chunk that had been removed so intact. Although there had been a minor earthquake in the region just before the discovery, the temblor was a mere 3.0 on the Richter Scale, and it was deemed impossible by geologists that this could have moved that piece of earth and formed that bizarre hole. It was also suggested that a meteorite could have somehow caused it, but the “cookie-cutter” nature of the hole and the lack of any signs of impact made this unlikely.

It also seemed that the roots of the plants seemed to have been torn rather than cut, suggesting that the enormous block had been lifted by some force. Then it had been moved over the ground, not along it, so that it seemed as if some sort of machinery would have been needed to do this, yet there was no sign of anything large enough to have accomplished this. No one has been able to figure out how this could have happened, but some have theorized that it might have been the doing of some as-yet unidentified geological phenomenon had caused some sort of waves that could have ejected the block of soil. Explosions, rogue tornadoes, helicopters coming in to lift the piece out, all explanations were deemed insufficient to explain what had happened, and scientists are still not sure what to make of it all.

Of course, with something this inexplicable and bizarre UFOs have absolutely come into the mix, and it turns out that the area had actually experienced some sightings of strange things in the sky in the days surrounding the odd discovery. Other reports of this “cookie cutter phenomenon” have been recorded in various areas around the world since, but in the end there has been no rational explanation.

One very recent mysterious “pit to Hell” that has generated quite a lot of debate in recent years is the so-called “Well to Hell,” of the cold expanses of Siberia, in Russia. The story goes that a crew of Russian engineers and geologists were drilling an ambitiously deep borehole in the desolate wilds of Siberia, which penetrated up to 14.4 kilometers deep (about 9 miles) into the earth when it broke through some unseen cavern deep down below to reveal something extremely bizarre. When temperature readings were taken from the borehole they revealed an astonishingly scorching 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit (around 1,100 degrees Celsius) near the bottom, but even stranger still was what they purportedly picked up when they lowered a sensitive, heat resistant microphone designed to hear the sounds of plate movement down into the murk.

Supposedly, the microphone picked up what sounded like a sea of human wails and screams from thousands, perhaps millions of souls, seemingly out of incredibly pain and suffering before it was extinguished by the relentless heat, leading the scientists to believe that they had bored down into a literal passage to Hell itself. The director of the survey, known only as a Dr. Azzacov, apparently told media at the time: “The information we are gathering is so surprising, that we are sincerely afraid of what we might find down there.” Additionally, later reports claimed that there was “fountainhead of luminous gas shooting up from the drill site, and out of the midst of this incandescent cloud pillar.” It was then said that over half of the team quit out of a profound fear of what they had uncovered, and that the team had come to the conclusion that the earth was hollow and that something decidedly malignant dwelled within.

The whole chilling incident was apparently first featured on the the Christian-based Trinity Broadcasting Network in Southern California in 1989, after which it appeared in the Finnish newsletter Ammennusastia in 1990, after which it then went on to take on a life of its own, appearing on Internet sites and in tabloids all over the place. The bizarre story eventually ending up featured on an episode of famed paranormal radio show Coast to Coast AM in 2002. On this particular show, host Art Bell produced a recording of the sounds recorded within the pit, which are indeed quite disturbing, but could be anything.

It seems like an incredibly fantastical story and no doubt it likely is. It is thought that the whole story of the “Well to Hell” had its origins at least partially in fact, with a 1984 article in Scientific American which told of a team of geologists had drilled an extremely deep borehole 12 kilometers down in Russia’s Kola Peninsula, one of the deepest ever recorded and definitely not in Siberia. Although impressive and some interesting discoveries were indeed made, there was no report at all from this team of anything supernatural going on, and certainly no word of the mass screaming of condemned souls languishing in Hell. It seems that this story was picked up and then further tweaked and exaggerated until it took off onto the Internet and picked up more and more embellishment as time went on, feeding and gorging itself on unverified rumors, hearsay, and uncorroborated “facts.”

It does not help that one of the original purveyors of the story was a Christian broadcasting network who would obviously have a vested interest in somehow proving that a literal Hell exists, and the various recordings allegedly taken within the borehole are inconclusive at best. They could be anything. The story also has various versions that have evolved over the years, including one story in that righteous last bastion of journalism Weekly World News, which reported the event as having happened in 1992, only this time in Alaska and ending in the deaths of 13 expeditions members when Satan himself emerged to ravage them. Nevertheless, despite all of the signs pointing to the Well of Hell story as being an out of control hoax, there are many out there who still argue that the whole incident indeed happened, and is merely being covered up and made to seem like a hoax by those who do not want us to know that Hell actually exists.

These stories truly run the gamut between the mysterious and the far reaches of the bizarre, and in many cases we are left with very little evidence as to how true any of the tales are. Even if they are real we are left to wonder just what is going on with these various holes, pits, and fissures and their wellsprings of weirdness. Are these portals of some sort, doorways to other dimensions? Are they entrances to other realms or even Hell itself? Is it aliens? We have very few answers to these subterranean mysteries and they remain in the realm of speculations and the imagination, enigmatic entrances into the earth and perhaps into unknown domains past out understanding as well.

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

Sometimes, it’s just better not to know what goes on above our heads. Our planet is constantly bombarded with rocks and objects hurtling through our solar system, but luckily, most of these are so small they explode upon colliding with our atmosphere and fall to the ground in the form of mostly harmless pebbles – or even microscopic diamonds. Occasionally, though (geologically speaking), large asteroids make it through our atmosphere with the potential to cause real damage. Aside from collisions in distant epochs which killed off many of our predecessors like the dinosaurs, there have been a few recent incidents of some truly terrifying asteroid collisions.

In 2014, a 20-meter-wide meteor exploded over Chelyabinsk, Russia, injuring over 1,000 people and causing widespread property damage.

One of the most terrifying examples is the infamous Tunguska Incident which occurred over Siberia on June 30, 1908. While the event is still mostly shrouded in mystery, one thing is clear: something very big exploded in the air above the Siberian wilderness, producing energy 1,000 times stronger than the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, Japan and flattening more than 80 million trees over an area of 2,150  square kilometers (830 square miles). “Sure,” you say, “that’s pretty scary. But that was over 100 years ago and in the middle of nowhere.” That it might have been, but the comet thought to have been responsible for the Tunguska meteorite returns every 3 years. Even scarier? An asteroid similar in size to the one which exploded over Tunguska narrowly missed Earth just this week. Even even scarier? It went largely undetected until it whizzed right by us.

Trees flattened in the aftermath of the 1908 Tunguska event, revealing a rough blast pattern with the direction they fell.

The asteroid, known as 2018 GE3, zoomed past our fragile planet on Sunday April 15 around 2:41 a.m. EDT (0641 GMT), missing us by a distance of just 192,000 kilometers (119,400 miles). That’s only half the distance between the Earth and the Moon. The asteroid is thought to measure somewhere between 48 to 110 meters in diameter (157 to 360 feet), making it even larger than the Tunguska asteroid. The worst part? It was detected only 21 hours before its closest approach to Earth.

NASA tracks tens of thousands of similar near-Earth objects. We’re basically sitting ducks.

With every near-miss asteroid that zooms by, it’s becoming clear: it’s not a matter of if, but when. How well-stocked is your bunker? And remember: keep one bullet per person hidden away just in case. Some things aren’t worth living through.

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

Extraterrestrial Life Search Could Be Helped By The Discovery Of Two Lakes Beneath The Canadian Arctic Glaciers

 by Vadim Caraiman

{ https://www.healththoroughfare.com/}

1. Study Reveals How Earth Would Change if It Suddenly Spun the Other Way

By Rae Paoletta

While other planets are indubitably lovely, Earth is the one that carries us around day in and day out. It also has LaCroix, a delicious beverage that the company did not in any way pay me to promote!

But what would happen if Earth got rocked by a large object, shifting it to start spinning in the opposite direction? In the event it didn’t get completely destroyed, researchers say life on Earth would be radically different.

According to new information presented on April 9 at the European Geosciences Union (EGU), Earth spinning in the opposite direction of its current rotation would completely alter our planet’s landscape. Scientists created models to simulate the opposite of Earth’s current rotation, called prograde, and created a “retrograde rotating Earth.” The team then monitored the various changes that took place across a 7,000-year time span.

The first major difference was the planet’s climate, which makes a lot of sense.

“The computer model showed a planet with some expected changes,” Bas den Hond writes for Eos. “Winds from the east brought a more temperate climate to the Atlantic coast of the United States, for example, but severe winters to western Europe. However, Ziemen was surprised to see the Sahara Desert was gone, and the Middle East had all the precipitation it needed. Instead, the southeastern United States and large parts of Brazil and Argentina had become deserts.”

Earth’s whacky weather is nothing compared to the other big change: a massive cyanobacteria bloom. This kind of blue-green algae is found across the world in water and even sloths’ fur. But in a retrograde rotating Earth, it would be abundant, which could completely change the balance of marine ecosystems. Who knows how that could impact the complex food webs within our oceans?

While this isn’t the first time researchers have modeled a backward-spinning Earth, it does contextualize the importance of climatology, and the fragility of life on our planet. One change in Earth’s rotation would send the entire planet into a frenzy, making it a desertless world controlled by a cyanobacteria army. Perhaps work like this is a good reminder that we all have to share this planet until we die, and we should probably take better care of it until then.

Besides, Earth has pamplemousse LaCroix. That’s already one huge incentive to keep our planet thriving.

{ https://www.inverse.com/ }

The How and Why Anti-Intellectualism Is Killing UFOlogy

There is an overall drive to anti-intellectualism that is infesting UFOlogy to its core. Our culture is one that glorifies the moronic and idiotic, not the intellect. What is truly disheartening is that it now appears intellectualism is now synonymous with Elitism and Conspiracy.

I point my finger directly at our failing educational system. It is designed to just make children memorize information. It is not designed to teach kids how to critically think or how to think at all. Schools make great automatons but not great creative thinkers. Public school is no place for a smart person.

In life, there are few big-picture questions we all must work through. Who am I?, Where do I come from? Where am I going? UFOlogy encompasses all of those concerns and more. The rational study of the Cosmos and our place in it should be near the top of the list of worthwhile pursuits.

For most people, it is NOT.

UFOlogy is slowing being poisoned from the inside out by the lunatic click bait crowd. Every day 1000’s of clearly fraudulent and hoaxed UFO images and videos flood the communities. Spread by the greed of financial gain these bottom feeders of UFOlogy are making all of us laughing stocks. UFOlogy will never gain the respect and ultimately the research dollars it needs while such rampant, childish, and dis-informational material is created every minute of every day and served up with a huge heaping bowl of “Screw You”.

UFOLogy is not yet in a terminal state but it sure could use a brain smoothie. It is in desperate need of a good infusion of vitamin Ra (rationality), Sa (sanity), and Ed (education). We all must stop supporting known fraudster and hoax websites and Youtube channels.

It all comes down to how a person values Science

An artist’s ability is innate in many cases. A scientists tool belt must be learned. Scientific methodology is not something we are born with. It must be taught to be understood.  The push for “no fail” states, lower educational standards, and general apathy has created entire generations of people who are barely scientifically literate.

True science and the appreciation of how such a self-correcting, peer reviewing, open architecture does not typically occur until you hit at least College level. A high school education will not typically cut it when you are wading into the ever advancing ocean of cutting-edge science.

Man’s mind is so formed that it is far more susceptible to falsehood than to truth. ~Desiderius Erasmus

A strange turn in our collective consciousness has occurred where the masses believe that their layperson perspective on science is somehow as valid and weighted as accredited professors would be. Even worse than that the professor’s opinion based on facts and all the tools science has to offer is completely nullified by a single word.

Professionals, Scientists, and Doctors all get lumped under the “Conspiracy” banner when they state their known scientific facts. Facts which more often than not, do not support the established beliefs of the UFO true believers. Scientists and doctors are the ones we should trust when considering scientific things. They have done the legwork to get a degree in their choice of the physical sciences. Their opinion in their field is worth more than the laypersons. That is just a logical deduction.

If you are someone that is a scientist, doctor, or researcher and you choose to speak out on some of the downright lunacy in UFOlogy. You are instantly labelled a government spy, disinformation agent, or a spook. You are condemned to be part of an evil cabal planning world domination by the subjugation of scientific advances. Sounds insane but a lot of people believe this. Scientists that state facts that is contrary to the lay person’s beliefs make them the proverbial enemy.  The people that do this are the ones educated by television. Television is entertainment, not education.

Truth in any form is rarely seen on TV. 

These people think their opinion is somehow on the same level as doctors. It is not when they are discussing the scientist’s field of study.

Reality is not best served by the false balance perspective we see all the time in the media. A professor that has researched say the Great Pyramids on the Giza Plateau, knows better than you what happened to make this wonder of the world. End of story.

There is no grand conspiracy in the sciences. It may appear that way to the TV educated people. If any scientist could prove ANY aspect of the “Ancient Alien” hypothesis, for example, they would become instant rock stars in their field. 

There is no motivation to suppress anything in academic circles. Grand discoveries are why scientists become scientists to start with. A breakthrough that would rewrite textbooks would be heralded, not spirited away in the depth of Area 51. Scientists are not the enemy, they are our only chance. After all, they are just like us in every way except they may have a denser neural network. All these evil scientists live and eat the same foods as us, have children like us, love them like us, and drink the same water as us. We all experience the same world in the same way. They are not the proverbial “Them”. They are us just with better jobs. They have no secret dark motives more than you do when it comes to subjugating the planet. 

It comes down to a simple question. Are you in it for the truth or just to be entertained.

If your sum total of knowledge on UFO’s comes from watching TV and Youtube videos. You can guarantee that you have been fed a huge bowl of bullshit. TV entertains that is all. You get much more outright lies and frauds than any factual data. Facebook is even worse for filling your head with excrement.  The source of the information your brain digests matters. Facebook posts from the lunatic fringe vastly outweigh any real research people may have done, at least when you ponder time spent. Your brain gets much more false information and not enough real information to balance it out. Take in 10lbs of shit and only drop 5lbs…you still stink.

A deception that elevates us is dearer than a host of low truths. ~ Marina Tsvetaeva

People really have to give their head a shake and realize this. It comes down to if you are looking for the truth in UFOlogy or are you looking to be entertained. Don’t confuse the two they are quite different. 

The real Universe as it will unfold before us as we trundle through the fourth dimension will be more wondrous and fascinating than any new age guru or television show could ever envision.

The Universe is stranger than we can comprehend. Reserve your belief and more importantly your knowledge for the real deal.

We have to contemplate the nature of a life form that has evolved on a completely separate planet. Even that statement is limiting. Life may be able to evolve on moons, nebula, or on planets that are bombarded with strange sources of radiation. They may exist and function on different time scales based on the gravity that they evolved in. Special relativity makes for very strange bedfellows. It is possible that they could be here already just beyond our perceptual ability. There truly are more things in heaven and earth than is dreamed in our collective philosophy.

Remember that it is OK to change your mind in the light of new or better information. UFOlogy is not a religion…no faith required. The real Universe will not disappoint.

Science! – It has Electrolytes

{ http://www.theangryufologist.us/ }

Extraterrestrials Genetically Engineered Homo sapiens 780,000-years-ago | Ancient Code

Extraterrestrials Genetically Engineered Homo sapiens 780,000-years-ago

By Bruce Fenton

Early humans emerged on Earth around 4 million years ago, but new evidence arising from the study of human evolution has revealed compelling evidence that a small group of these hominins was genetically modified by ancient alien visitors to create the first Homo sapiens.

Researcher and author, Daniella Fenton, has been taking an in-depth look at the earliest origins of humanity and its sudden acceleration in brain development close to 800,000 years ago, this investigation has led to a massive revelation.

Homo sapiens are the creation of ancient astronauts that arrived through a wormhole from the Pleiades star cluster 780,000 years ago.

The Australian researcher, an expert in equine bloodlines and genetic expression, uncovered numerous genetic changes which mark humans as anomalous when contrasted with modern primate species, some are so extreme that they are best explained by advanced genetic engineering.

In her book, titled ‘Hybrid Humans: Scientific Evidence of Our 800,000-Year Old Alien Legacy’, Daniella Fenton highlights a series of profound changes in the genes associated with brain size, neural structures, and information processing. These changes include genes that appear suddenly fully formed out of so-called ‘junk DNA’ and fragments of genes that have been snipped out, copied and re-inserted.

Fenton points the mysterious fusion of Chromosome-2 at the same time as these other changes, around 780,000 years ago, as further evidence of extraterrestrial experimentation. This fusion is found in all large-brained human types, including Neanderthals and Denisovans, but not in any other primate species.

She explains that the fusion of chromosome-2 should have been a one-off error that disappeared in the subsequent generation or perhaps led to a small population of people with 46 chromosomes among a more substantial number of those carrying 48. Instead, all humans after 780,000 years ago exhibited the ‘mutation’. This strongly infers that there was an enormous benefit associated with the fusion and that it appeared suddenly in a considerable number of individuals, allowing chromosome-2 to become a permanent and dominant trait. This does not fit with known natural mutations in the human genome.

Fenton explains, “Somebody created an entire generation of breeding pairs that carried the fusion of chromosome-2. The chromosome modification is such that it would have impacts on the brain development, the immune system and reproductive processes.”

Humans also carry unique changes in the gene FOXP2 that changed synaptic connectivity and enhanced our ability to transform new experiences into routine procedures, this had enormous influence on our ability to produce meaningful speech. Fenton points out that this change is not observed in other primates and it appears our creators wanted us to be able to quickly form new habitual behaviors particularity language use.

Fenton said: “It is not just the genetic changes 780,000 years ago which inform us Homo sapiens is a species created by alien beings, we have also identified physical material left behind by these star people, materials dated to that same specific point in time.”

Fenton offers a detailed explanation for why these visitors ended up marooned here and the motivations which led them to modify early hominins in her book Hybrid Humans: Scientific Evidence of Our 800,000-Year Old Alien Legacy.

{ https://www.ancient-code.com/ }

Diamonds Found Inside Meteorite Belonged To A Lost Planet In Our Solar System

A study published today in Nature Communications suggests that diamonds trapped in a rare meteorite called a ureilite is evidence of long-lost planets within our solar system. These particular diamonds are believed to have originated inside a Mars-sized object.

Remains of diamond detected in fragments of the meteorite Almahata Sitta (2008 TC3)—an object almost four meters in diameter that burned up around 37 kilometers above the Nubian Desert a decade ago—reveals that the fireball may have been part of an ancient planet of the Solar System that has long since disappeared.

According to the authors of the study published in Nature Communications, the diamonds found in the fragments that were scattered on the surface require enormous pressures to form, only compatible with the birth of a planetary object.

Researchers have calculated that the formation of such crystals required a pressure above 20 gigapascals, which suggests that the supposed missing planet should have been as large as Mercury or even Mars.

Here on Earth, most diamonds are formed at around just 4.5 gigapascals.

(Nabiei et al./Nature Communications)

Diamonds, Planets, and Ureilites

Theories say that these small diamonds can be formed in three different ways: by the creation of shock waves in impacts between objects in space, by a chemical process or because of the high pressures present inside planets.

Until now, scientists wondered how the ureilites of «2008 TC3» had been formed.

The researchers, led by planetary scientists Farhang Nabiei, from the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, a research institute in Switzerland, studied the diamond inclusions inside the meteorite and discovered it contained relatively large, individual diamond crystals up to 100 μm that could not have formed under an impact event, because of such an event’s short duration, which would not allow time for such large crystals to form.

“Normally we talk about telescopes [to study space]. Here we are talking about the past, so it’s different. Here we use the electron microscope,” said Farhang Nabiei.

Evidence of a long lost planet

“Before you end up with the nine planets, you had a population of larger bodies a few thousands of kilometres in size – Mercury to Mars-size I would say – that were populating the solar system,” Professor Philippe Gillet, a geophysicist at the Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), told The Independent.

“These ‘proto-planets’ were colliding into each other, forming the planets we know today. These were the building blocks.”

Scientists have always considered that during the birth of the Solar System many other planets may have existed, some of them barely formed by molten masses of magma.

For example, it is believed that one of these planetary embryos, like the famous planet Theia, collided with a young planet Earth and created a large mass of debris that eventually gave rise to the Moon.

“Although this is the first compelling evidence for such a large body that has since disappeared, their existence in the early Solar System has been predicted by planetary formation models,” the researchers wrote in their paper.

“Mars-sized bodies were common, and either accreted to form larger planets, or collided with the Sun or were ejected from the solar system.

“This study provides convincing evidence that the ureilite parent body was one such large ‘lost’ planet before it was destroyed by collisions.”

Source:

• A large planetary body inferred from diamond inclusions in a ureilite meteorite

{ https://www.ancient-code.com/ }

Scientists find diamonds forged deep within a lost, ancient planet of the early solar system

 BY TIBI PUIU

Artist impression of an early solar system.

Credit: NASA.

About a decade ago, a violent explosion roughly 23 miles above the surface sent incendiary fragments hurling towards the dunes of the Nubian desert in Sudan. In and of itself, the event was not necessarily impressive, apart from the fancy light show — after all, our planet is constantly bombarded by relatively small objects. But, according to a new study, these meteorites have a much more dramatic origin and history than meets the eye. Scientists say that under the meteorites’ thick carbonized exterior hid diamonds which enclosed remnants of a long-lost planet or planetary embryo during the crazy days of the early solar system. 

It was mighty crowded back then

A jeweler wants diamonds to be perfect, meaning impurities should be kept to a minimum, ideally none at all. However, a diamond with inclusions is far more valuable from a scientific standpoint than a so-called flawless jewel. Because diamonds are forged at immense pressures and temperatures, typically deep inside the planet, the various materials that get trapped inside are quite hard to get a hold of at the surface — and diamonds can preserve them for billions of years.

The team led by Farhang Nabiei of the Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne in Switzerland was initially investigating the relationship between the diamonds and the layers of graphite surrounding them, when they realized the small pockets of material trapped inside looked far more interesting. With the help of a high-power electron microscope, the researchers studied the tiny diamonds inside a thin section of the meteorite and were astonished to learn they were formed at incredibly high pressures — much higher than any kind of pressure the meteorites might have been subjected to when they crashed into Earth.

A chemical map shows sulfur (red) and iron (yellow) inside the inclusions in the diamond matrix.

Credit: Dr. F. Nabiei/Dr. E. Oveisi, EPFL, Switzerland.

Specifically, the diamonds must have formed at 20 gigapascals, which is the kind of pressure found deep within a planet the size of Mars or Mercury — but the meteorites come from neither of these planets or any other planet that we know of for that matter. The meteorites have, in fact, been classed as ureilites — a rare type of stony meteorite that has a unique mineralogical composition, very different from that of other stony meteorites. Transmission electron microscopy also revealed traces of chromite, phosphate, and iron-nickel sulfides inside the larger diamonds, which are inclusions that can be found in Earth’s diamonds, too. It’s the first time such inclusions have been identified inside extraterrestrial diamonds.

A colorized image shows the diamond phase (blue), inclusions (yellow) and the graphite region.

Credit: Dr. F. Nabiei/Dr. E. Oveisi/Prof. C. Hébert, EPFL, Switzerland.

The size of the diamonds is another clue that we’re dealing with some very peculiar objects. Their average size is about 100 microns, which is about the size of a human hair. That may not sound like much, but that’s still larger than any diamond that could possibly form by shock transformation of graphite (i.e. when a meteorite crashes on Earth). This suggests that the diamonds formed deep in a body’s interior and not on impact. Such a planetary-sized body is now long gone, having been destroyed in a cataclysmic game of billiard early on in the solar system’s history. These early proto-planets would have been hurled towards each other by a tug of war between the gravities of a young Jupiter and the sun. The environment likely looked very crowded too, with multiple Mars-sized protoplanets destined to collide into each other.

“This study provides convincing evidence that the ureilite parent body was one such large ‘lost’ planet before it was destroyed by collisions [some 4.5 billion years ago],” researchers wrote in the new paper on the subject, published this week in the journal Nature Communications.

The discovery offers new insight into our solar system’s tumultuous past, helping piece together how it all came to be. This is merely the beginning, as hundreds of other ureilites could offer new clues to the nature of the early solar system and the evolution of its planets.

{ https://www.zmescience.com/ }

Inexplicable Similarities Between Göbekli Tepe, Easter Island, And Other Ancient Sites

Design elements present at Göbekli Tepe are also found in Easter Island on the massive Moai Statues, in Tiahuanaco, and other ancient sites around the globe. How’s this possible?

Despite the fact that we’ve studied our ancestors, their cultures, their origin, and their way of life, we have failed to answer many questions related to our past.

The countless monuments scattered across the globe are an ancient message left behind by our ancestors, a message which despite extensive studies, we have yet failed to decipher.

One of the most mysterious ancient temples on Earth is located in modern-day Turkey, more precisely, the city of Urfa.

There, we find an ancient temple complex which is believed to have been erected around 9,600 BC.

Image Credit: Shutterstock

Göbekli Tepe is considered among many experts as the oldest temple on Earth, and despite its importance, we know very little about it.

Not only is this ancient temple complex important because of its age, but it’s also of great importance because by who it was built, and perhaps, even more interestingly, by the symbology it offers.

If you take a close look at Göbekli Tepe, you will notice a curious stance and symbolism that we can find in many other places across the globe.

On Easter Island, for example, we see a great similarity between the Moai and the curious Pillars at Göbekli Tepe.

On both archaeological sites, it seems the ancient builders used the same symbology.

Notice the curious position of the hands.

Image Credit: National Geographic.

But is this a mere coincidence?

The Archaeological site of Göbekli Tepe is composed of several temples whose main construction motif are massive stone pillars that range in weight between 30 and 60 tons.

Somehow, thousands of years ago, ‘primitive’ cultures managed to quarry, transport and build something history tells us should not exist.

These enigmatic T-shaped pillars are intricately decorated with depictions of a number of animals such as foxes, lions, snakes, etc.

However, in addition to the various animal depictions at Göbekli Tepe, we see humanoid characteristics depicted on some of the pillars.

Gobekli Tepe holds many secrets. 

Image Credit

Göbekli Tepe’s T-shaped stela display arms and hands belonging to what many experts believe are depictions of humanoid beings.

The ancient builders of Göbekli Tepe carved on the t-shaped tocks long hands and arms of what could also be representations of their gods.

However, this extremely interesting symbolism is not unique to Göbekli Tepe and is found in various archeological sites across the globe.

If we travel halfway around the globe to Easter Island, in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, we see the massive Moai statues and their curious symbolism which is eerily similar to the stone pillars of Göbekli Tepe.

A Statue from Tiahuanaco, Bolivia. Notice the hand posture.

Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons.

The massive Moai were intricately carved in a sacred standing position, with hands position on omphalos.

Many authors agree that this posture is meant to portray birth or rebirth.

But how is it possible that such symbolism is present both in Göbekli Tepe and on Easter Island? Is this just a coincidence?

Not likely, as other ancient sites around the globe feature the same thing.

If we take a trip back to Turkey, we will find that the Neolithic settlement of Nevali Cori and Kilisik feature similar design elements.

But that’s not it.

Statues from Tiahuanaco in Bolivia, and archaeological sites in Mexico, as well as Mesopotamia, feature the very same symbolism: massive stone statues and hands coming together.

The question is… what connects all of these archaeological sites, and, is it possible that somehow, these ancient cultures shared a common designer?

{ https://www.ancient-code.com/ }

Ley Lines, Ancient Flight Plans, And Their Mind-Bending Connection To Ancient Monuments

Have you ever heard about the so-called Ancient flight plans?

Mostly found in Britain and France, ancient flight plans are geographical markers placed intentionally, that are interconnected and clearly visible once portrayed on a map.

If we travel to Herefordshire England, we find what AncientAstronaut theorists call ‘Ancient Flight Plans‘.

Said to have been discovered by amateur archaeologist AlfredWatkins while horseback riding, Watkins is believed to have noticed that structures across the landscape appeared to be arranged in straight, continuous lines.

Four years after that, in 1925 Watkins published his book “The old straight tracks” where he theorized that ancient mankind built monuments and megaliths across the Earth and that these were connected by a network of straight lines: Referred to as Ley lines.

In his book, “The old straight tracks“, Watkins proposed that ancient monuments were deliberately placed along these ‘tracks’ for a line of sight navigation and may have even been used as trade routes.

However, there’s a slight issue with that theory.

Some of the so-called straight tracks cross terrains that were difficult to access and to identify.

The following natural and man-made features were suggested by Watkins to be reliable ley-markers:

Mounds, Long-barrows, Cairns, Cursus, Dolmens, Standing stones, mark-stones, Stone circles, Henges, Water-markers (moats, ponds, springs, fords, wells), Castle, Beacon-hills, Churches, Cross-roads, Notches in hills, Camps (Hill-forts),

This leads us to believe there must be a different explanation for their purpose.

Most of these so-called ley lines are found in England and in France, although they are not limited to these two countries.

They are basically geographic markings of a number of places of historical interest, such as ancient monuments and megaliths, natural ridge-tops and similar places.

According to Linda Moulton Howe, an American investigative journalist and Regional Emmy award-winning documentary filmmaker best known for her work as a ufologist and advocate of a variety of conspiracy theories: “The Michael Line in England is a straight line and it is measurable. It’s a magnetic field line that you can measure and it will be higher than other areas around it geographically. “

Today there are many authors and researchers who believe that these so-called Ley lines, are in fact, magnetic in nature and that they delineate the lines of Earth’s unseen energy fields.

Remember my article on the Earth Grid?

If we travel to Denmark, we will find more of these geometrical patterns, along with the northern reaches of the European continent. In Scandinavia, we find the archaeological ruins of a once prospering and mighty Viking fortress dating to 900 A.D.

Preben Hansson first discovered a direct line of flight fromTrelleborg to other three Viking fortresses, which happen to be very similar in design.

But not only are these structures similar in design, but a direct line connects these four Viking Forts in Denmark.

A bit strange, don’t you think?

But there’s something more that doesn’t seem to add to the story.

Ley lines - Europe

As we all know, the Vikings were seafaring people, well-known as mighty warriors and sailors. Because they were seafaring people, it makes sense that most of their settlements and forts were near water.

However, here we have forts positioned inland, which also happen to be precisely aligned.

Furthermore, a more detailed analysis of the forts revealed a fascinating detail. Not only are these forts precisely aligned, but researchers have been left stunned by the precise design of Trelleborg, with courtyard’s divided into four zones, each with four longhouses and gateways open precisely to the four cardinaldirections: north, south, east, and west.

That makes it clear that the construction and design of Trelleborg would have required great knowledge of engineering, orientation, and positioning.

Are Ley Lines a global phenomenon?

Several authors and ancient astronaut theorists note that if you draw a straight line and cross the Alps in Europe, you will eventually reach Delphi in Greece.

Why is this important? Delphi is known as the homeplace of the Oracle of Delphi and to the God Apollo.

According to Greek mythology, the mighty God Apollo took his “heavenly chariot” and disappeared heading north.

This idea has aroused the interest of various ancient astronaut theorists who see a clear connection between the so-called ley lines, and other historically important geographic locations on Earth.

Is it possible that these patterns, lines, and ancient structures are all interconnected as some theorists suggest?

Why is it that there are so many ancient structures around the globe that appear to follow an intricate pattern? Lines, geometric shapes?

It is not a coincidence, say ancient astronaut theorists, pointing to other incredibly positioned structures such as the Pyramids of Giza, or even the Nazca lines in Peru, which just as some of the ley lines in England seem to bare magnetic anomalies.

The perfect alignment of these locations to the stars, the cosmos, and to other monuments around the world is something that was not done randomly.

The Ley lines, the Earth Grid, and the electromagnetic field anomalies that are present in different geographic locations around the world does not seem something random.

It is something planned, something elaborate, something that truly seems, out of this world.

{ https://www.ancient-code.com/ }

UFOs: Natural Explanations

by jessiekratz

Today’s post comes from Joseph Gillette, an archivist on a cross-training assignment in the National Archives History Office. This is the second in a series concerning the Air Force’s Project Blue Book investigation.

Close-up photo of UFO in Redlands, CA, 1958.

(Records of Headquarters U.S. Air Force, National Archives)

From 1947 to 1970, the United States Air Force conducted investigations into the increasing number of unidentified flying object (UFO) sightings throughout the United States. The purpose of the investigations was to assess the nature of these sightings and determine if they posed any potential threat to the U.S.

Three successive projects were created to carry out these investigations: Sign, Grudge, and Blue Book.

Blue Book was the longest and most comprehensive, lasting from 1952 to 1970. A 1966 Air Force publication gave insight into how the program was conducted:

The program is conducted in three phases. The first phase includes receipt of UFO reports and initial investigation of the reports. The Air Force base nearest the location of a reported sighting is charged with the responsibility of investigating the sighting and forwarding the information to the Project Blue Book Office at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio.

If the initial investigation does not reveal a positive identification or explanation, a second phase of more intensive analysis is conducted by the Project Blue Book Office. Each case is objectively and scientifically analyzed, and, if necessary, all of the scientific facilities available to the Air Force can be used to assist in arriving at an identification or explanation. All personnel associated with the investigation, analysis, and evaluation efforts of the project view each report with a scientific approach and an open mind.

The third phase of the program is dissemination of information concerning UFO sightings, evaluations, and statistics. This is accomplished by the Secretary of the Air Force, Office of Information.

—Project Blue Book, February 1, 1966, p. 1. (National Archives Identifier 595175)

After investigating a case, the Air Force placed it into one of three categories: Identified, Insufficient Data, or Unidentified.

Project Blue Book, February 1, 1966, p. 2.

(Records of Headquarters U.S. Air Force, National Archives)

Sightings resulting from identifiable causes fall into several broad categories:

• human-created objects or phenomena including aircraft, balloons, satellites, searchlights, and flares;
• astronomical phenomena, including meteors and meteorites, comets, and stars;
• atmospheric effects, including clouds and assorted light phenomena; and
• human psychology, including not only psychological frailty or illness but also fabrication (i.e., hoaxes).

The conclusions of Project Blue Book were:

(1) no unidentified flying object reported, investigated, and evaluated by the Air Force has ever given any indication of threat to our national security;

(2) there has been no evidence submitted to or discovered by the Air Force that sightings categorized as unidentified represent technological developments or principles beyond the range of present day scientific knowledge; and

(3) there has been no evidence indicating that sightings categorized as unidentified  are  extraterrestrial vehicles.

—Project Blue Book, February 1, 1966, p. 4. (Records of Headquarters U.S. Air Force, National Archives)

In 1967, the Air Force’s Foreign Technology Division (FTD), the organization overseeing Blue Book, briefed USAF Gen. William C. Garland on the project. The July 7 report stated that in the 20 years the FTD had reported and examined over 11,000 UFO sightings, they had no evidence that UFOs posed any threat to national security. Furthermore, their evidence “denies the existence of flying saucers from outer space, or any similar phenomenon popularly associated with UFOs.”

The FTD reiterated an expanded finding from Project Grudge: “Evaluations of reports of UFOs to date demonstrate that these flying objects constitute no threat to the security of the United States. They also concluded that reports of UFOs were the result of misinterpretations of conventional objects, a mild form of mass hysteria of war nerves and individuals who fabricate such reports to perpetrate a hoax or to seek publicity.”

An independent review requested by FTD came to the same conclusion:

Briefing by 1st Lt. William F. Marley, Jr. to General William C. Garland, July 7, 1967, p. 7 (Records of Headquarters U.S. Air Force, National Archives)

Looking to specific investigation files, we can see what a typical investigation was like, the kinds of documentation and information collected, the investigatory process, and how the Air Force arrived at its conclusions.

Datil, NM, 1950

Cpl. Lertis E. Stanfield, 3024th Air Police Squadron at Holloman Air Force Base in New Mexico, reported seeing a strange object in the sky on the night of February 24/25, 1950. He had a camera with him at the time and took several pictures, including the following:

(Records of Headquarters U.S. Air Force, National Archives)

 The details of the sighting were included in an investigation report:

This was not the first time an unusual sighting had occurred at Holloman. In fact, it was part of a recurring pattern (and one that explains Stansfield’s possession of a camera at the time of the sighting).

Report of Aerial Phenomena, Holloman Air Force Base, February 21, 1950, through April 31, 1951.

(Records of Headquarters U.S. Air Force, National Archives)

At the time, Project Grudge was unable to provide an explanation. However, a decade and a half later, a similar sighting over the Soviet Union provided Blue Book with an answer: a comet.

Project 10073 Form, ca. 1965

(Records of Headquarters U.S. Air Force, National Archives)

Several sightings of this kind were reported in the desert Southwest around this time. Despite the delay in reaching a conclusion, the similarity of the photographic evidence to known comet sightings led the Air Force to conclude it was dealing with a comet here too.

Redlands, CA, 1958

On December 13, 1958, a man in Redlands, California, snapped a photograph of a strangely shaped object in the sky.

Photo of UFO sighting in Redlands, CA, 1958.

(Records of Headquarters U.S. Air Force, National Archives)

 The UFO worksheet described the sighting in detail:

However, inconsistencies in the reporting led the Air Force to initially determine that the case was impossible to analyze accurately.

Correspondence, February 5, 1959.

(Records of Headquarters U.S. Air Force, National Archives)

A final report dated January 1959 elaborated on these inconsistencies but reached a conclusion nonetheless. The observer had photographed a lenticular cloud.

All of these sighted were explained as initially misinterpreted natural occurrences. In the next post of the series, we’ll turn our attention to sightings ultimately identified as human-created objects and one sighting truly classified as a UFO.

{ https://prologue.blogs.archives.gov/ }

Canada shows the world radioactive physical evidence of a real UFO

Les diamants d’une ancienne planète perdue retrouvés sur Terre

par Brice Louvet

Des chercheurs suisses, français et allemands expliquent avoir examiné des fragments de diamants trouvés à l’intérieur de la météorite Almahata Sitta, venue s’écraser dans le désert de Nubie au Soudan, en octobre 2008. Après analyse, ils suggèrent qu’ils se sont probablement formés au cœur d’une proto-planète il y a au moins 4,55 milliards d’années, époque durant laquelle notre système solaire était en train de se former.

« Nous démontrons que ces gros diamants ne peuvent pas être le résultat d’un choc, mais plutôt d’une croissance qui a eu lieu au sein d’une planète », expliquent les scientifiques, notant au passage qu’une pression de 200 000 bars serait nécessaire pour former de tels diamants. La planète mystère était donc au moins aussi grande que Mercure, voire même que Mars. Certains nano-fragments étaient en effet relativement grands – jusqu’à 100 μm de diamètre. En raison de la courte durée d’un d’impact, des fragments aussi gros n’auraient jamais pu se former.

Également, les inclusions présentes dans les diamants de la météorite renfermaient principalement deux composés chimiques, le fer et le soufre. À l’image de l’eau et de l’huile, ces deux éléments ne peuvent se mélanger sans force extérieure, étant plus stables séparés. Dans les inclusions, ces derniers étaient cependant présents sous une phase cristalline solide, laissant ainsi entendre qu’ils ont très certainement été soumis à une intense pression. Il est donc beaucoup plus probable que de tels diamants aient été créés dans les profondeurs d’une planète.

Les astronomes ont longtemps émis l’hypothèse que le système solaire contenait jadis beaucoup plus de mondes. L’une de ces planètes embryonnaires – surnommée Theia – aurait d’ailleurs percuté notre jeune Terre, éjectant une grande quantité de débris qui plus tard ont formé la Lune. « Ce que nous revendiquons ici », explique Philippe Gillet, co-auteur de l’étude, « c’est que nous avons dans nos mains un reste de cette première génération de planètes qui nous manquent aujourd’hui, parce qu’elles ont été détruites ou incorporées dans une planète plus grande ».

Vous retrouverez tous les détails de cette étude dans la revue Nature Communications.

Source

{ http://sciencepost.fr/ }

Diamantjes in meteoriet zijn restanten van verloren planeet - HLN.be

Bron: National Geographic, The Guardian

Astronomen vermoeden al lang dat tientallen prille planeetjes ontstonden tijdens de eerste tien miljoen jaar van ons zonnestelsel. Deze protoplaneten, bestaande uit gas, stof en gesteente, zouden qua omvang ergens tussen Mercurius en Mars liggen. Ze cirkelden rond onze jonge zon, maar werden uiteindelijk aan diggelen geslagen tijdens hevige botsingen. Hun materiaal vormde de basis voor de planeten, asteroïden en brokstukken die vandaag rond de zon draaien.

Lees ook

Nieuwe NASA-telescoop vanaf volgende week op zoek naar buitenaards leven

Echt bewijs voor deze theorie was er tot voor kort nog niet, maar de Almahatta Sitta-meteoriet zou wel eens de sleutel kunnen zijn. Uit microscopische analyse van de piepkleine diamantjes in de meteoriet blijkt immers dat ze bestanddelen bevatten die geproduceerd werden onder immense druk, wat doet vermoeden dat de diamanten onder het oppervlak van een planeet tot stand kwamen.

“Simulaties tonen aan dat het vroege zonnestelsel tientallen van deze embryonale planeten had die met elkaar botsten om de aardse planeten te vormen, maar bewijs vinden voor [het bestaan van] één van hen? Dat verwachtte ik niet”, zegt Farhang Nabiei, die stukjes van de meteoriet bestuurde in het Federaal Instituut voor Technologie in Lausanne, Zwitserland.

“We doen aan archeologie: we kijken naar het verleden en proberen de geschiedenis van ons zonnestelsel te ontrafelen”, zegt Philippe Gillet, een van de hoofdonderzoekers van de studie.

Ureïliet

De Almahatta Sitta-meteoriet werd voor het eerst waargenomen toen hij op weg was naar de aarde en ontplofte boven de Nubische Woestijn in 2008. De Universiteit van Khartoem verzamelde vervolgens 480 fragmentjes van de meteoriet, goed voor 4 kilogram in totaal.

Uit onderzoek bleek dat de meteoriet een ureïliet was: een zeldzame soort die niet vergelijkbaar is met andere stenen die bijvoorbeeld afkomstig zijn van de maan of Mars. De onderzoekers van het Zwitserse laboratorium en Japanse wetenschappers troffen in de meteoriet diamantjes aan van zo’n 100 micrometer groot. Dat is volgens hen te groot om het resultaat te zijn van een botsing tussen twee asteroïden. De onderzoekers speculeerden dat de meteoriet mogelijk afkomstig was van een verloren planeet, maar hadden meer bewijzen nodig om die theorie te staven.

Extreme druk

In het tijdschrift Nature Communications beschrijft het Zwitserse team nu dat uit nieuwe analyses blijkt dat de diamanten in de meteoriet spikkeltjes van een ijzer-zwavelverbinding bevatten die alleen maar kan ontstaan bij een druk die groter is dan 20 gigapascal. Bijgevolg moeten die diamanten onder het oppervlak van een onbekende wereld tot stand gekomen zijn.

“We kijken vermoedelijk naar een voorwerp dat een van de eerste planeten was die rond de zon cirkelden, voor ze met elkaar botsten om de echte planeten te vormen die we vandaag kennen”, aldus Gillet.

“Dit bewijst de theorieën over de vorming van ons zonnestelsel”, zegt Nabiei. [Ureïlieten] kunnen ons een beter idee geven van de vorming en evolutie van de planeten in ons zonnestelsel”, voegt hij eraan toe.

Als de recente bevindingen bevestigd worden, is de Almahata Sitta-meteoriet voorlopig het enige bekende overblijfsel van een van deze lang verloren planeten. 

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

peter2011

“Bijna” raak: laat opgemerkte ruimterots scheert langs aarde - HLN.be

Bron: AD.nl

2018 GE3 is ongeveer even groot als de Toengoeska-meteoriet die begin vorige eeuw boven Siberië ontplofte. Door de explosie braken in een omtrek van 30 kilometer alle bomen aan de basis van de stam af. De meteoriet sloeg in met een kracht die vergelijkbaar is met 30 keer de kracht van de atoombom die in 1945 op Hiroshima werd gegooid.

Lees ook

Atoombom kan ruimterots wegstoten

Dichter dan maan

Gelukkig lag de baan van planetoïde 2018 GE3 op 192.000 kilometer afstand van de aarde. Maar dat is nog altijd dichterbij dan onze maan die op 384.400 kilometer afstand staat. Als een planetoïde de aarde zo dicht nadert, was die natuurlijk al lang in kaart gebracht en wisten astronomen dat niemand zich zorgen hoefde te maken? Nee, dus. Niemand zag de brok steen aankomen. Pas enkele uren voor de passage, afgelopen zondag, werd 2018 GE3 ontdekt. Om weer even snel in de ruimte te verdwijnen.

Aardscheerders

De late ontdekking roept de vraag op of de jacht op aardscheerders zoals 2018 GE3 wel deugt. Die jacht werd tien jaar geleden geopend in de hoop dat de aarde genoeg voorbereidingstijd heeft om een eventuele grote inslag van een ruimtebrok te kunnen voorkomen.
2018 GE3 slipte er doorheen omdat hij te klein was. De zoektocht naar aardscheerders richt zich op brokstukken die groter zijn dan 140 meter. Daarvan zijn er al meer dan 8.000 in kaart gebracht. De verwachting is dat er nog eens 8.000 zullen worden ontdekt.

Wake-upcall

Voor NASA en het waarschuwingssysteem voor aardscheerders is de passage van 2018 GE3 een ‘wake-upcall’. Deze ‘test’ wijst uit dat het systeem nog verder moet worden verfijnd om verrassingen als die van afgelopen zondag te voorkomen’, aldus astronomen.

TWITTER MARSRADER

Andrew Rader

✔@marsrader

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

For some time now, “mystery booms” have been reported persistently in various parts of North America. Often accompanied by noticeable shaking and, at times, even property damage, in many cases the exact cause of these unusual, earthquake-like phenomena remains undetermined.

Among the most recent locales to be affected by the mystery quakes is the village of McAdam in southwestern New Brunswick, Canada, which has been plagued by an unusual number of earthquakes in recent weeks. According to sources in the area, more than 20 earthquakes have been reported in the last month alone, and with no identifiable cause–seismic or otherwise. 

The current earthquake “swarm” is similar to circumstances that occurred in the region in early 2016, when dozens—perhaps more than 100—similar quakes were reported in the same area. Many homeowners have described quakes that shook their homes at night, waking some residents; a few claimed that windows in their homes were even broken as a result of the mysterious shaking. 

Prior to the events of last month, there had been no reports of similar incidents since the previous wave of earthquakes in 2016. When they do occur, many residents also describe hearing loud “booms” with the quakes, which have been compared to the sounds of a gunshot, only louder. However, seismologists with Natural Resources Canada confirm that there are no faults in the area, and hence it seems unlikely that the shaking and booms are associated with traditional sources of earthquakes. 

New Brunswick is not the only region being affected by the unusual phenomenon. NBC affiliates out of San Diego, California, also reported on a recent series of rumblings that had residents taking to social media, with some describing “a strong rumble that shook their homes Monday morning.”

However, scientists with the United States Geological Survey said there was no indication that an earthquake had occurred.

Last November, a similar incident prompted some scientists to propose an alternative explanation. According to a group of researchers at the Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education in Ensenada, a variety of meteorological phenomenon that occurs when hot and cold air “masses” converge may also result in shaking at ground-level. Nonetheless, physical evidence for this as a cause behind California’s mystery booms remains elusive.

Sputnik News also reported on recent reports of mystery booms that have occurred in Ohio, where it was reported that shaking and thunder-like noises, “left many scared to see their floorboards shaking and pieces of their homes starting to break off the foundations.” Video uploaded to YouTube which reportedly captured footage that coincided with the booms have spurred theories about their cause, with many suggesting underground bases or facilities “in preparation of World War III.”

All fearmongering aside, the mystery booms are nothing new. A possible variety of causes have been determined to cause perceptible booms that can be heard–and felt–across great distances, which range from high-altitude “super thunderbolts,” to atmospheric refraction which carries the sound of booms from far away across great distances, as was determined with booms heard for years near Mother Lode, California.

Along with New Brunswick, Canada, and California, a number of locales have seen reports of the booms in recent months, ranging from, South Carolina and Georgia (areas where fault lines do exist). Mystery booms have even been reported as far away as Great Britain, and as with their American cousins, many of the incidents occur in the absence of any indication of seismic activity to accompany them.

For those interested in reading more on the natural and manmade causes associated with reports of mystery booms, a collection of information can be found here, as well as at this page (compiled by the author) which lists their various known causes.

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

“If an industrial civilization had existed on Earth many millions of years prior to our own era, what traces would it have left and would they be detectable today?”

That’s the opening question asked by Gavin A. Schmidt and Adam Frank in their new research paper, “The Silurian Hypothesis: Would it be possible to detect an industrial civilization in the geological record?”, in which they look for geological fingerprints of advanced civilizations that may have lived on Earth before our own and been wiped out by some sort of extinction cataclysm. Did they find it?

(“Ma” = a million years ago; “Ga” = a billion years ago)

“Humans are the only example [of an industrial civilization] we know of, and our industrial civilization has lasted (so far) roughly 300 years (since, for example, the beginning of mass production methods). This is a small fraction of the time we have existed as a species, and a tiny fraction of the time that complex life has existed on the Earth’s land surface.”

However, it’s big enough to have a physical impact on the surface of the Earth – an impact that would be evident to future researchers digging thought the layers of the planet’s crust millenniums from now. Frank and Schmidt start here, because that industrial civilization evidence may be the same thing we need to be looking for to find past civilizations.

But first … the name.

“We name the hypothesis after a 1970 episode of the British science fiction TV series Doctor Who where a long-buried race of intelligent reptiles “Silurians” are awakened by an experimental nuclear reactor. We are not however suggesting that intelligent reptiles actually existed in the Silurian age, nor that experimental nuclear physics is liable to wake them from hibernation.”

Of course, you Doctor Who fans already knew this. A name you may not recognize is “Anthropocene,” which is the moniker proposed for our current geological period. What would identify the Anthropocene age to future geologists? The study points to evidence of fossil fuel usage, plastics (our garbage), agriculture (fertilizers and erosion), pollutants, unusual radioactive isotopes (from nuclear war or meltdowns) and climate change (variations in carbon dioxide, methane, etc.). While these are indicators of the existence of an industrial civilization, they may also be indicators of what killed it.

Then again, what if the advanced civilization was more advanced than we Anthropocene beings. If they no longer used fossil fuels, would we find dead batteries instead? There’s also the question of how long the civilization was industrial. We’ve only been there for 300 years. Even if it lasted 100,000 years, after millions of years, would there be any evidence left? How thin would that layer be?

Is this our layer?

As you may have guessed, Frank and Schmidt didn’t find evidence of a past advanced civilization yet … nor did they find the Silurians (which may be good news because they’d probably want royalties (or something more painful) for the use of their name). However, they point out that looking for evidence of past industrial civilizations on Earth provides knowledge that will help determine if other planets had similar now-extinct advanced life forms. They also warn that, while they have found clear evidence of other periods of global warming/climate change that match what we’re going through (the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum 56 million years ago, for example), that period did not match “the speed at which we’re dumping fossil carbon into the atmosphere … never before in the planet’s multibillion-year history has so much buried carbon been dumped back into the atmosphere so quickly.”

Will the only evidence of the Anthropocene age be a thin black residue in the Earth’s crust? Maybe we should stop looking for past civilizations and start looking in the mirror.

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

The more we learn about ancient humans, the less we seem to know. Recent archaeological discoveries of ancient civilizations have upended our theoretical timelines of human evolution, and we’ve found the other known species of humans, Neanderthals and Denisovans, had a much larger role in our genetic story than previously thought. According to a paper published in PLOS ONE by a team of Australian archaeologists, now another mysterious culture has been discovered. The archaeologists say that tools and animal hides discovered in a cave in Indonesia belonged to a primitive, ancient culture, and might be evidence of a “distinct human species” that called the area home some 50,000 years ago.

The cave, called Leang Burung, sits on the island of Sulawesi in southern Indonesia. It was discovered and first excavated in 1975, and the artifacts found were seen as evidence modern humans’ arrival to the area between 25,000 and 34,000 years ago. The new findings suggest something different. Dr. Adam Brumm of Griffith University’s Australian Research Centre for Human Evolution specifies:

We have uncovered archaeological evidence for an ancient population of “Ice Age” hunter-gatherers that inhabited Leang Burung 2 rock-shelter around 50,000 years ago.

Dr. Brumm says that early modern humans were creating cave art in nearby sites by 40,000 years ago, which suggests that the newly discovered ancient culture arrived on Sulawesi before the Ice-Age cave painting culture did. The inhabitants of  Leang Burung were much more primitive than the known early humans of the time. Based on this, Brumm says, “the first inhabitants of this site may not only have been members of a different culture but also a distinct human species.”

Artist’s depiction of a Neanderthal tribe, who were a different species of human.

What that species may be is unclear. Sulawesi was one of the last stops before Australia on the road of human migration, and there were many different species and subspecies of hominins that journeyed across the chain of islands over the course of millennia. The island sits to the north of Flores, where the ancient race of “hobbits” were discovered, and recent research suggests that the mysterious Denisovan hominins made their way to Australia, where they bred with early humans, via the same route.

Map showing the timeline of human migration out of Africa

The archaeologists have not yet reached the bottom layers of sediment and they say that with further excavation they may find evidence of even older civilizations.

The researchers are quick to say that, while they believe that this is evidence of a separate human species, it may be that these artifacts belonged to the same Ice-Age cave artists that were previously discovered in the area, or it could be another group of early humans. Adam Brumm says:

It is now known that Homo Sapiens evolved in Africa at least 300,000 years ago and that an early population of our species had spread out of Africa (into Israel) by 200,000 years ago, and possibly even made it much further east.

Whatever culture it was, it’s another look into the fascinating and mysterious path our ancestors and ancient relatives took, and yet another example of how limited our knowledge of the past really is.

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

In 2008, an 80-ton asteroid entered the Earth’s atmosphere and exploded some 37 kilometers (23 miles) above Sudan’s Nubian Desert. It was estimated that the asteroid was around 4 meters (13 feet) in diameter when it hit our atmosphere and exploded into 600 smaller meteorites. These fragments only weighed around 10 kilograms (23 lb) altogether, but contained scores of tiny nanodiamonds which formed on impact with the atmosphere.

The asteroid’s official name is 2008 TC3, although it was later named Almahata Sitta. The impact marked the first time that meteorites were recovered from an asteroid which was tracked by astronomers prior to a collision with our planet. Researchers from the University of Khartoum in Sudan recovered many of the meteorites and nanodiamonds, providing an unprecedented glimpse into the life of asteroids and resulting meteorites. Scientists studying those nanodiamonds have just published the first study of these diamonds, and it turns out they might reveal a whole lot more than just the geological composition of space rocks. In fact, they might be evidence of an entire lost planet of our Solar System.

An Almahata Sitta fragment.

The research has been published in Nature. According to the article, this study marks “the first compelling evidence for such a large body that has since disappeared.” The authors note that due to the immense pressure required to form the types of nanodiamonds found in the Almahata Sitta meteorite, they were likely the result of an early planet in our solar system which is no longer in existence:

These diamonds contain inclusions that can only form above ~20 GPa, which can only be attained in a large planetary body.This study provides convincing evidence that the [meteorite] parent body was one such large “lost” planet before it was destroyed by collisions.

Several recent astronomical studies have claimed that irregularities in the orbits of our solar system’s planets and the anomalous tilt of the Sun could only be due to the existence of a hidden “Planet X.” Could these tiny diamonds prove such a planet actually used to exist? If so, what happened to it? Given the near-miss Earth just had with a sizeable, undetected asteroid, do we really want to know?

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

Ghostly lights hovering in the sky over Baltimore

Strange lights have been spotted in the night sky over Baltimore and Holland Hills on April 16, 2018.

A witness of the lights has submitted the sighting to Mufon case 914475 said:

White round lights. Random positions, rapid change of directions, several of them, I personally lived in Baltimore for several years, never seen anything like it (near the harbor).

There are many of them, not just a few (1-3) there are 10+ going random directions, almost like ghosts. (Almost like the "birds" incident live on the news).

But, instead white orb like lights ABOVE the clouds, and I personally know the people in the video, they also stated they thought it was spot lights from the harbor, but then they soon realized there was no source from the ground in plain sight; also the lights are ABOVE the dark clouds.

Note: The lights may be birds, such as seagulls, or is it more mysterious?

  

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.be/ }

Huge 'UFO' spotted passing space station

Kristine Tarbert

Yahoo7 Be 

UFO enthusiasts believe they have spotted an alien craft almost 300m long, flying alongside a space station.

'UFO' spotted next to space station

VIDEO The 275m craft's lights started blinking as the station passes. YouTube/kingwilly200

The new video was shared on Youtube and shows what appears to be flashing lights in close proximity to the International Space Station.

UFO hunter Scott Waring was quick to point out what he believed to be a 275m long triangular-shaped craft.

The expert says it first shows up as a single glowing orb.

It started as a single glowing orb just to the right of screen.

Photo: Youtube

"Then it divides into about four-six flashing orbs," he said.

"During this time the UFO is revealed partially, meaning its not six UFOs, but one large UFO of about 300 meters diameter."

• 'UFO' filmed hurtling through the sky
• Passenger spots 'UFO' from plane window

He said the craft has a TR3B shape - UFO speak - meaning it's a triangle.

More and more lights start flashing.

Photo: Youtube

However, NASA and other investigators have repeatedly stated that these 'sightings' of UFOs near the space stations are generally reflections of the sun on space junk or other matter.

"It is down to wishful thinking that images sent back from the space station are of alien craft," Nigel Watson, author of the UFO Investigations Manual said.

Others online also agreed.

"It's lens flare created by that metal sheeting catching the sun's light," one person commented online.

Just last month a Bristol man saw something similar, sharing footage of what he believed to be an alien ‘mothership’, along with several other vessels, in the night sky.

“The main UFO was some distance away – it looked like it was bouncing off the moon," he told the Bristol Post.

Man films 'UFO lights' bouncing off the moon

VIDEO He claims he saw the 'mothership' and several other ships.

Source: Bristol Post

In the footage, the bright moon can be seen clearly – before another bright object enters the frame.

“There were two or three altogether but the mothership was the focus – it was so big, even from a distance.”

Jet fighters battle 'UFO'

VIDEO Bizarre images captured above alien site Area 51. YouTube/thirdphaseofmoon

{ https://au.yahoo.com/ }

Michael Schratt – Are Black Triangle UFOs Secret Military Projects? – April 17, 2018

Posted by: Alejandro Rojas 

Open Minds UFO Radio: Michael Schratt is a military aerospace historian. He has lectured across the country on the subject of “Mystery Aircraft” and classified propulsion systems buried deep within the military-industrial complex. His speaking engagements include the “OSHKOSH” AirVenture 2006/2007 event, (the world’s largest air show). Michael has developed many contacts with first-hand experience dealing with classified “black programs,” including former USAF pilots, retired Naval personnel and aerospace engineers who have maintained a TOP SECRET Q “MAJIC” clearance. He has written for Open Minds Magazine and OpenMinds.tv and currently works as an aerospace draftsman/researcher in Arizona.

In this episode, we discuss black triangle UFO sightings and the possibility that some of them are advanced aircraft developed in classified projects, including the famous Phoenix Lights sighting in Arizona in 1997.

For more about Michael, visit him on Facebook.

Madison Triangle

(Image Credit: Michael Schratt)

{ http://www.openminds.tv/ }

Michael Schratt – Are Black Triangle UFOs Secret Military Projects? – April 17, 2018

Posted by: Alejandro Rojas 

Open Minds UFO Radio: Michael Schratt is a military aerospace historian. He has lectured across the country on the subject of “Mystery Aircraft” and classified propulsion systems buried deep within the military-industrial complex. His speaking engagements include the “OSHKOSH” AirVenture 2006/2007 event, (the world’s largest air show). Michael has developed many contacts with first-hand experience dealing with classified “black programs,” including former USAF pilots, retired Naval personnel and aerospace engineers who have maintained a TOP SECRET Q “MAJIC” clearance. He has written for Open Minds Magazine and OpenMinds.tv and currently works as an aerospace draftsman/researcher in Arizona.

In this episode, we discuss black triangle UFO sightings and the possibility that some of them are advanced aircraft developed in classified projects, including the famous Phoenix Lights sighting in Arizona in 1997.

For more about Michael, visit him on Facebook.

Madison Triangle

(Image Credit: Michael Schratt)

{ http://www.openminds.tv/ }

{ https://nationalufocenter.com }

Filer’s Files # 15 -2018 Underwater USOs - PART II

Was There a Civilization On Earth Before Humans?

A look at the available evidence

ADAM FRANK

It only took five minutes for Gavin Schmidt to out-speculate me.

Schmidt is the director of nasa’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (a.k.a. GISS) a world-class climate-science facility. One day last year, I came to GISS with a far-out proposal. In my work as an astrophysicist, I’d begun researching global warming from an “astrobiological perspective.” That meant asking whether any industrial civilization that rises on any planet will, through their own activity, trigger their own version of a climate shift. I was visiting GISS that day hoping to gain some climate science insights and, perhaps, collaborators. That’s how I ended up in Gavin’s office.

Just as I was revving up my pitch, Gavin stopped me in my tracks.

“Wait a second,” he said. “How do you know we’re the only time there’s been a civilization on our own planet?”

It took me a few seconds to pick my jaw off the floor. I had certainly come into Gavin’s office prepared for eye rolls at the mention of “exo-civilizations.” But the civilizations he was asking about would have existed many millions of years ago. Sitting there, seeing Earth’s vast evolutionary past telescope before my mind’s eye, I felt a kind of temporal vertigo. “Yeah,” I stammered, “Could we tell if there’d been an industrial civilization that deep in time?”

We never got back to aliens. Instead, that first conversation launched a new study we’ve recently published in the International Journal of Astrobiology. Though neither of us could see it at that moment, Gavin’s penetrating question opened a window not just onto Earth’s past, but also onto our own future.

We’re used to imagining extinct civilizations in terms of the sunken statues and subterranean ruins. These kinds of artifacts of previous societies are fine if you’re only interested in timescales of a few thousands of years. But once you roll the clock back to tens of millions or hundreds of millions of years, things get more complicated.

When it comes to direct evidence of an industrial civilization—things like cities, factories, and roads—the geologic record doesn’t go back past what’s called the Quaternary period 2.6 million years ago. For example, the oldest large-scale stretch of ancient surface lies in the Negev Desert. It’s “just” 1.8 million years old—older surfaces are mostly visible in cross section via something like a cliff face or rock cuts. Go back much farther than the Quaternary and everything has been turned over and crushed to dust.

And, if we’re going back this far, we’re not talking about human civilizations anymore. Homo sapiens didn’t make their appearance on the planet until just 300,000 years or so ago. That means the question shifts to other species, which is why Gavin called the idea the Silurian hypothesis, after an old Dr. Who episode with intelligent reptiles.

So, could researchers find clear evidence that an ancient species built a relatively short-lived industrial civilization long before our own? Perhaps, for example, some early mammal rose briefly to civilization building during the Paleocene epoch about 60 million years ago. There are fossils, of course. But the fraction of life that gets fossilized is always minuscule and varies a lot depending on time and habitat. It would be easy, therefore, to miss an industrial civilization that only lasted 100,000 years—which would be 500 times longer than our industrial civilization has made it so far.

Given that all direct evidence would be long gone after many millions of years, what kinds of evidence might then still exist? The best way to answer this question is to figure out what evidence we’d leave behind if human civilization collapsed at its current stage of development.

Now that our industrial civilization has truly gone global, humanity’s collective activity is laying down a variety of traces that will be detectable by scientists 100 million years in the future. The extensive use of fertilizer, for example, keeps 7 billion people fed, but it also means we’re redirecting the planet’s flows of nitrogen into food production. Future researchers should see this in characteristics of nitrogen showing up in sediments from our era. Likewise our relentless hunger for the rare-Earth elements used in electronic gizmos. Far more of these atoms are now wandering around the planet’s surface because of us than would otherwise be the case. They might also show up in future sediments, too. Even our creation, and use, of synthetic steroids has now become so pervasive that it too may be detectable in geologic strata 10 million years from now.

And then there’s all that plastic. Studies have shown increasing amounts of plastic “marine litter” are being deposited on the seafloor everywhere from coastal areas to deep basins and even in the Arctic. Wind, sun, and waves grind down large-scale plastic artifacts, leaving the seas full of microscopic plastic particles that will eventually rain down on the ocean floor, creating a layer that could persist for geological timescales.

The big question is how long any of these traces of our civilization will last. In our study, we found each had the possibility of making it into future sediments. Ironically, however, the most promising marker of humanity’s presence as an advanced civilization is a by-product of one activity that may threaten it most.

When we burn fossil fuels, we’re releasing carbon back into the atmosphere that was once part of living tissues. This ancient carbon is depleted in one of that element’s three naturally occurring varieties, or isotopes. The more fossil fuels we burn, the more the balance of these carbon isotopes shifts. Atmospheric scientists call this shift the Suess effect, and the change in isotopic ratios of carbon due to fossil-fuel use is easy to see over the last century. Increases in temperature also leave isotopic signals. These shifts should be apparent to any future scientist who chemically analyzes exposed layers of rock from our era. Along with these spikes, this Anthropocene layer might also hold brief peaks in nitrogen, plastic nanoparticles, and even synthetic steroids. So if these are traces our civilization is bound to leave to the future, might the same “signals” exist right now in rocks just waiting to tell us of civilizations long gone?

Fifty-six million years ago, Earth passed through the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). During the PETM, the planet’s average temperature climbed as high as 15 degrees Fahrenheit above what we experience today. It was a world almost without ice, as typical summer temperatures at the poles reached close to a balmy 70 degrees Fahrenheit. Looking at the isotopic record from the PETM, scientists see both carbon and oxygen isotope ratios spiking in exactly the way we expect to see in the Anthropocene record. There are also other events like the PETM in the Earth’s history that show traces like our hypothetical Anthropocene signal. These include an event a few million years after the PETM dubbed the Eocene Layers of Mysterious Origin, and massive events in the Cretaceous that left the ocean without oxygen for many millennia (or even longer).

Are these events indications of previous nonhuman industrial civilizations? Almost certainly not. While there is evidence that the PETM may have been driven by a massive release of buried fossil carbon into the air, it’s the timescale of these changes that matter. The PETM’s isotope spikes rise and fall over a few hundred thousand years. But what makes the Anthropocene so remarkable in terms of Earth’s history is the speed at which we’re dumping fossil carbon into the atmosphere. There have been geological periods where Earth’s CO₂ has been as high or higher than today, but never before in the planet’s multibillion-year history has so much buried carbon been dumped back into the atmosphere so quickly. So the isotopic spikes we do see in the geologic record may not be spiky enough to fit the Silurian hypothesis’s bill.

But there is a conundrum here. If an earlier species’s industrial activity is short-lived, we might not be able to easily see it. The PETM’s spikes mostly show us the Earth’s timescales for responding to whatever caused it, not necessarily the timescale of the cause. So it might take both dedicated and novel detection methods to find evidence of a truly short-lived event in ancient sediments. In other words, if you’re not explicitly looking for it, you might not see it. That recognition was, perhaps, the most concrete conclusion of our study.

It’s not often that you write a paper proposing a hypothesis that you don’t support. Gavin and I don’t believe the Earth once hosted a 50-million-year-old Paleocene civilization. But by asking if we could “see” truly ancient industrial civilizations, we were forced to ask about the generic kinds of impacts any civilization might have on a planet. That’s exactly what the astrobiological perspective on climate change is all about. Civilization building means harvesting energy from the planet to do work (i.e., the work of civilization building). Once the civilization reaches truly planetary scales, there has to be some feedback on the coupled planetary systems that gave it birth (air, water, rock). This will be particularly true for young civilizations like ours still climbing up the ladder of technological capacity. There is, in other words, no free lunch. While some energy sources will have lower impact—say solar vs. fossil fuels—you can’t power a global civilization without some degree of impact on the planet.

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Once you realize, through climate change, the need to find lower-impact energy sources, the less impact you will leave. So the more sustainable your civilization becomes, the smaller the signal you’ll leave for future generations.

In addition, our work also opened up the speculative possibility that some planets might have fossil-fuel-driven cycles of civilization building and collapse. If a civilization uses fossil fuels, the climate change they trigger can lead to a large decrease in ocean oxygen levels. These low oxygen levels (called ocean anoxia) help trigger the conditions needed for making fossil fuels like oil and coal in the first place. In this way, a civilization and its demise might sow the seed for new civilizations in the future.

By asking about civilizations lost in deep time, we’re also asking about the possibility for universal rules guiding the evolution of all biospheres in all their creative potential, including the emergence of civilizations. Even without pickup-driving Paleocenians, we’re only now learning to see how rich that potential might be.

{ https://www.theatlantic.com/  }

If we don’t hurry, the life we find on Mars might be from Earth

BY MIHAI ANDREI

" There is a ticking clock now,” Princeton astrobiologist Chris Chyba said at last week’s Breakthrough Discuss conference, conducted at Stanford University. The race isn’t to find life on Mars — it’s to find it in time before we contaminate the Red Planet with our Earthly microbial fauna.

Is there life on Mars? Even if there is, is it from Mars?

Image credits: NASA / JPL.

We don’t know if there is life on Mars or not. The Red Planet seems like a good candidate, and we’ve found significant evidence that it might have held vast quantities of liquid wateron its surface at once point in its geological past — a prerequisite for life as we know it. There’s also a good case to be made against this, with its lack of active tectonics and atmosphere. If Martian life exists, it’s bound to live beneath the surface where it’s shielded from the devastating radiation, and almost certainly microbial. Either way, it’s an exciting area of active research, but we might be on a clock.

With every mission we send to Mars, every lander, and especially with the planned manned missions to Mars, we risk contamination with microbial creatures from Earth. These alien microorganisms (technically, they’re Earth microorganisms, but to Mars, they’d be aliens) could overpower and destroy potentially existing native fauna.

For instance, Elon Musk’s highly anticipated mission to Mars aims to bring people to Mars within the decade, and Boeing CEO Dennis Muilenburg has announced similar plans. For the Martian life, the effects would be unforeseeable — hence Chyba’s remarks. But people weren’t necessarily fond of his idea. Longtime space entrepreneur Jeff Greason, who serves as chairman of the board for the Tau Zero Foundation, poked fun at Chyba:

“If all you want to do with the solar system is look at it, the rest of us would like to borrow it for a while. … There are things to do with these bodies other than science.”

Others have claimed that there’s no reason to believe Earth’s microbes would take over the Martian natives.

“You could terraform Mars, and the microbes on Mars would survive,” said Robert Zubrin, founder and president of the nonprofit Mars Society.

But Chyba makes a very valid point. If we don’t really know what could happen, isn’t it better to take extra precautions? He advocates a precautionary approach, what he calls the Smokey the Bear argument: “Until we know more, let’s be careful.”

To me, this sounds like a sound idea. There are many unknowns when it comes to Mars and its habitability, but we can take measures to limit the potential damage, for instance by ensuring that no microorganisms escape through astronauts’ space suits. If we send people to Mars, microbes are bound to come along for the ride, and the effects can truly be unforeseeable. We shouldn’t just concede that we’re gonna contaminate Mars no matter what.

{ https://www.zmescience.com/ }

Mass extinction event 232 million years ago paved the way for the dinosaurs

 BY TIBI PUIU

A life-scene from 232 million years ago, during the Carnian Pluvial Episode after which dinosaurs took over. A large rauisuchian lurks in the background, while two dinosaurs species stand in the foreground. Based on data from the Ischigualasto Formation in Argentina.

Credit: Davide Bonadonna.

Much has been said about the famous asteroid impact that wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago and ushered in the age of mammals, eventually clearing the path for our species to achieve total domination. However, in turn, the dinosaurs were also privileged by a different mass extinction event, which is far less studied than the asteroid impact. This was the conclusion of a new study which found that dinosaurs became far more prevalent across the world after a mass extinction called the Carnian Pluvial Episode.

Starting and ending with a bang

The Carnian Pluvial Episode occurred roughly 232 million years ago. During this time, a series of cataclysms, triggered by volcanic eruptions in western Canada, shifted the climate from wet to dry and from dry to wet again. The hostile periods of global warming and acid rain had taken their toll on countless species that eventually went extinct.

Researchers at the MUSE-Museum of Science Trento, Italy, the Universities of Ferrara and Padova, and the University of Bristol investigated ancient rock deposits in Northern Italy’s Dolomites mountain range which still had dinosaur tracks trapped inside them. This allowed them to build a timeline for dinosaur expansion; the more and diverse the tracks, the more successful the dinosaur must have become. For instance, in the early Triassic, some 245 million years ago, dinosaurs were very rare and stayed that way for at least 13 million years. After the Carnian extinction, however, dinosaur footprints became ubiquitous.

“We were excited to see that the footprints and skeletons told the same story,” Massimo Bernardi, a researcher at the University of Bristol, said in a news release. “We had been studying the footprints in the Dolomites for some time, and it’s amazing how clear cut the change from ‘no dinosaurs’ to ‘all dinosaurs’ was.”

When the researchers calculated the peak of this expansion, they found that it coincided with the end of the Carnian Pluvial Episode. What’s more, the Dolomite samples also contained evidence of climate change. Namely, the researchers detected four pulses of warming and climate disruptions within a million year span, which must have led torepeated extinctions.

“The discovery of the existence of a link between the first diversification of dinosaurs and a global mass extinction is important,” said Mike Benton, co-author of the new study and a professor at the University of Bristol.

“The extinction didn’t just clear the way for the age of the dinosaurs, but also for the origins of many modern groups, including lizards, crocodiles, turtles, and mammals — key land animals today.”

• Scientific reference: Massimo Bernardi, Piero Gianolla, Fabio Massimo Petti, Paolo Mietto, Michael J. Benton. Dinosaur diversification linked with the Carnian Pluvial Episode. Nature Communications, 2018; 9 (1) DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03996-1.

{ https://www.zmescience.com/ }

We’re Getting Closer to Cloning Humans. Here’s What’s Stopping Us.

 

Bryan Fernandez/Victor Tangermann

{ https://futurism.com/ }

Look at that “Water and Roll Cloud” Onlookers "freaked out" as Lake Michigan has rare moment

A very rare event happened when a quick rise in water level known as a seiche or a Great Lake meteotsunami caused the Lake Michigan to rise 13.9 inches in just 42 minutes around 12:30 p.m. on Friday, April 13.

The water was as high as had seen since Nov. 10, 1975, the day the freighter Edmond Fitzgerald sank on Lake Superior. Water was also flooding the beach and the end of Ludington Avenue but returning to nearly the same spot less than 10 minutes later.

But something strange happened before the quick rise of the water in Lake Michigan.

A massive roll cloud that touched the water surface of Lake Michigan has been filmed just before the meteotsunami and even though it is a natural phenomenon it would be possible that this rare roll cloud and the quick rise in water level is the effect of weather manipulation?

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.be/ }

Several recent archaeological discoveries made in the Baltic and North seas suggest that there could be an entirely unknown Stone Age civilization which once inhabited the areas which now make up Scandinavia. This “Swedish Atlantis” could reveal a whole new chapter of human history we’ve yet to discover. What exactly lies under the icy, black waters of the northern seas?

A lot of stone tools, it turns out. Over the last several years, hydrocarbon exploration and fishing operations have been discovering prehistoric animal bones and primitive stone tools in North Sea sediment, attracting the attention of British and Belgian scientists. A team of geologists, archaeologists, and anthropologists aboard the Belgian ship RV Belgica is now excavating a sand back on the North Sea floor measuring about 30 kilometers (19 miles) long. Vince Gaffney, an archaeologist at the University of Bradford who is leading this expedition, says that this area of the seafloor was likely once a highly habitable piece of seashore property:

Areas under the North Sea now would have been the best to live in during the Mesolithic [period] – prime real estate, because the coastlines then had fish, birds, fresh water. But it is terra incognita. The area is so large that complete cultures could be out there.

Gaffney leads a project known as Lost Frontiers which aims to uncover these hidden ancient civilizations under what is now the North Sea and Baltic Sea. According to the project’s website, “these lost lands hold a unique and largely unexplored record of settlement and colonization linked to climate change over millennia.” It turns out that glaciers once linked this area with Europe and the British Isles, but rising global temperatures caused the seas to rise, flooding what could have been home to an unknown civilization.

As with all these stories, it makes me wonder what future archaeologists will make of the flooded ruins of New Orleans, Venice, or Shanghai which may someday (perhaps soon) lie at the bottom of vast oceans. Will the few scattered remnants of our brief lives be enough for them to piece together what life was like for early transhumans? If there’s enough radioactive dust left of us, maybe.

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

I was seven years old in the summer of 1988; a little kid with a big imagination in a quaint English village called Little Haywood. My house looked out over an expansive forest called Cannock Chase. I didn’t know until many years later that this was, and remains, one of the UK’s top hotspots for UFO and paranormal reports; but there was always a magic about the place, and I loved spending time there.

On the morning of August 5, 1988, a classmate of mine, a kid called Mark, was speaking excitedly and insistently in the school playground that, last night, a flying saucer had landed on his car. His father and stepmother were driving him and his older brother home from something called a Gingerbread meeting. These meetings provide a space for single parent families to get together and meet new people, and to offer support. Mark’s mother had died of cancer a year or so earlier—a powerful memory from my childhood. I hadn’t known her, and Mark was hardly a close friend of mine, but the news of his mother’s untimely death affected me deeply—the notion of mortality is a scary thing for a seven-year-old, and, being a particularly empathetic child, I felt Mark’s loss like a sickness in my belly. In any case, this was a family in a liminal state, seeking to recover from a profound tragedy.

Cannock Chase forest, Staffordshire

When Mark recounted his flying saucer story to his enraptured classmates, our responses were much as they would be for adults being told the same story by another adult—some “oohs” and “ahhs,” some giggles and some quietly exchanged glances of bemusement and mockery. I didn’t know what to think about Mark’s story, but, like a pre-pubescent Fox Mulder, I wanted to believe it. And it stayed with me, buried in the back of my mind for all the years to follow. Mark’s story implanted the mystery of the UFO deep into my psyche.

Eleven years later, in 1999, at the age of eighteen and now rather obsessed with UFOs, I revisited Mark, and his parents, to see if there really was any truth to the story I remembered so clearly from my childhood. Sitting in Mark’s living room with his father, Ron, a worker at the local power station, and his stepmother, Gina, I listened and took notes as the couple, now both in their fifties, recounted what happened on the night of August 4, 1988. It turned out that Mark and his older brother had been fast asleep at the time of the incident (unsurprising given that it occurred around midnight); Mark had simply based his embellished story on what he’d heard his parents discussing over some strong coffees the following morning.

The site of the encounter: Weetmans Bridge, on the outskirts of Cannock Chase in Staffordshire.

The story as told to me by Ron and Gina in 1999 is as follows…

The family was just minutes from home as they travelled along the edge of Cannock Chase forest. They were approaching Weetmans Bridge, a small cobbled structure built in 1888 across the River Trent. Gina, behind the wheel, had been chatting away to Ron when, in mid-sentence, she fell silent, her gaze drawn off to her right… and up. As she began to turn onto the bridge, she saw what she described to me as a large, circular metallic object, “the size of a double-decker bus,” hanging silently, halfway over the bridge and halfway over the river below. She estimated its altitude to be roughly 30 feet above the bridge. Its circumference was bejewelled with multicoloured lights, pulsing slowly, on and off. The object was partially enshrouded in a circular pool of mist, which she felt in hindsight may have been generated by the object. Gina noted a total absence of noise, not only from the UFO, but also from their car. No engine sound, no ambient noise. Nothing. This effect is characteristic of what is known in UFOlogy as “The Oz Factor,” which UFOlogist Jenney Randles has described as a “sensation of being isolated, or transported from the real world into a different environmental framework” when in close proximity to a UFO.

Meanwhile, Ron, in the passenger seat, was similarly dumbstruck. He too was seeing the UFO, but, intriguingly, not quite as Gina was seeing it. As they turned onto the bridge, Ron saw what he described to me as a pool of mist hanging above the cobbles, within which was a circular object visible only by a thin rim of red light about its circumference. No multi-coloured lights for Ron, no pulsing on and off; only a steady circular red light. Again, though, what Ron saw was approximately thirty feet above the bridge and around 30 feet in diameter (roughly the length of a bus).

Weetmans Bridge. As seen from this perspective, the UFO would have appeared toward the far end of the bridge on the right-hand side of the frame, hanging halfway over the wall and halfway over the river below. Its reported altitude above the bridge was approx. 30 feet. The witnesses entered the bridge at the far end with a right-hand turn from the left of the frame.

Ron and Gina shared an immediate feeling of panic as they felt they might hit the low-hanging object in their path. However, as their car turned onto the bridge, according to Ron, the object made a short and swift ascent, lifting vertically to perhaps twice its original altitude, before stopping dead and departing horizontally and silently towards the neighbouring village… quite literally in the blink of an eye.

It was gone, whatever it was. The whole encounter had lasted perhaps no more than sixty seconds, but its impact was deep, and lasting. Gina has been in mid-turn when the object had made it’s lightning-fast departure. She continued to drive for a few hundred feet, clearing the narrow bridge before pulling over and stopping at the side of the road. It was a quiet country lane in the dead of night. No other witnesses. The couple were in a state of shock and needed a few minutes to regain their composure. “What the fucking hell was that??” exclaimed Ron. A few minutes later, the couple had arrived home. Still deeply troubled by what they had witnessed, and with no interest in UFOlogy or knowledge of UFO reporting systems, Ron decided to phone the police.

Weetman’s Bridge.

By the following morning, somehow, the story had leaked to the local press, and a journalist and a photographer paid a visit to Ron and Gina, requesting that the couple take them to the scene of their otherworldly encounter. The couple were surprised to see the press at their door, but, wanting to make sense of their experience, they obliged their visitors and drove with them back to the site of their experience the previous night, explaining as best they could what had happened. When they arrived at Weetmans Bridge a few minutes later, they were disquieted to see that they had company. According to Ron and Gina, across the road from the bridge, perhaps fifty feet away, was an unmarked white van, close to which were two men inspecting the hedges, apparently taking samples. When the men saw that they were being observed, they left.

As Ron and Gina showed the press the site of their encounter, they noticed that sections of the otherwise-green hedges adjoining the bridge were now brown and dying, and the foliage had been “pushed back” from the road, as if by something large and heavy. Additionally, a young tree in the field next to the bridge in the object’s line of departure had apparently been “swept over” and was now almost flat to the ground (I can personally attest that the tree in question remains in its bizarre “swept-over” position to this day, and has grown considerably, almost parallel to the ground, in the thirty years since the encounter).

The power station where Ron worked, as viewed from Cannock Chase forest.

A few days later, the story appeared in the local newspaper with a picture of Ron and Gina, stood stony-faced near the bridge. The article was light-hearted and dismissive. Naturally, the couple was now the talk of the village, and the talk wasn’t pretty. They had nothing to gain by spinning a UFO yarn. They received no money for sharing their story, only ridicule. After that, Ron and Gina kept themselves to themselves. Even their son, Mark, went quiet. They had learned a hard and fast lesson about what it means to speak out as UFO witnesses.

The eighteen-year-old me sat in silence as Ron and Gina finished telling their story. It was obvious that they hadn’t spoken of it with anyone for quite some time, and, clearly, they were still in awe at what they had experienced. In the eleven years that had passed, the couple had not pursued the UFO mystery at all. They wanted to move on with their lives.

I should note at this point that my interview with Ron and Gina was part of a broader retrospective investigation I was conducting into what was known to local UFO researchers as “The Staffordshire UFO wave.” This spate of several dozen independent UFO sightings across the county of Staffordshire had occurred during the summer of 1988, peaking in July and August. Witnesses had consistently been reporting sightings of anomalous orange balls of light; more interesting, though, were the numerous accounts of large black triangles sailing silently and at low altitude through the Staffordshire skies. Many of these sightings were logged by the UK ministry of Defence (MoD)—a fact unknown publicly until the new millennium when the MoD began releasing large batches of its previously-classified UFO files. Interestingly, despite it being registered with the Staffordshire police and being featured in the local press, there is no mention of Ron and Gina’s UFO sighting in the MoD’s declassified files pertaining to the Staffordshire UFO wave of 1988. If indeed the couple’s mystery white van men had been taking samples for some government agency (and this remains pure conjecture), we can only assume that any data that may have been gathered relating to Ron and Gina’s dramatic sighting remains under lock and key to this day.

Ron and Gina’s UFO sighting was just one among dozens being reported across the Staffordshire region during the summer of 1988. Most common were large black triangles and orange orbs.

I would later learn that the couple’s sighting had been investigated a few weeks after its original reporting by representatives of BUFORA—the British UFO Research Association. I obtained their original case report, and it made for frustrating reading. Key parts of the couple’s testimonies had been overlooked or ignored by BUFORA, such as Gina’s strong insistence that the UFO appeared “metallic,” (she described it to me as “like brass”), and that that it displayed multi-colored lights around its circumference that flashed slowly and steadily on-and-off. The BUFORA report also neglected to note Ron’s description of the object’s departure, which appeared intelligent, controlled, and impossibly fast. Instead, BUFORA focused on the pool of mist the couple had described as partially enshrouding the UFO—this, they theorized, was indicative of a natural phenomenon, possibly relating to so-called “Earthlights” or something similar, thought to be generated by seismic activity or through the coalescence of other mundane phenomena in certain environments.

Whatever it was that so startled Ron and Gina on August 4, 1988 remains a mystery. The couple tried as best they could to forget it, but, for me, hearing their story (or a version of it) from their young son at the age of seven was enough to set me on a lifelong pursuit of the UFO enigma. And so, you are reading this now, a memory of a memory, for what little it may be worth, because of something I never saw on an August night in 1988, but which sparked in me the flame of cosmic wonder—such is the lure of the UFO; succumb to it at your own psychological, emotional, and financial cost. I know I did.

NOTE: All witness names in this article are pseudonyms.

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

PHOENIX LIGTHS NU BOVEN MEXICO (VIDEO)

Op 31 maart 1997 zagen duizenden mensen een vreemde formatie UFO's boven de Amerikaanse stad Phoenix in Arizona, een mysterie dat nooit is opgehelderd. 

Enkele dagen geleden heeft een dame in Mexico een livestream op Facebook wanneer daar opeens identieke lichten verschijnen zoals men die zag in Phoenix. 

Even terug in de tijd en wel naar Phoenix in 1997 toen er het volgende gebeurde:

De Phoenix Lights (de lichten boven Phoenix) waren een serie van massaal gemelde ufo's die werden gezien in het luchtruim boven Arizona, vooral Phoenix, en Nevada in de Verenigde Staten en Sonora, Mexico op 13 maart 1997. Het incident is een van de best gedocumenteerde ufomeldingen. Er werden foto's en video's van genomen, en CNN bracht er een verslag van uit. Meer dan 700 ooggetuigen beweerden dat ze driehoekige ufo's hadden gezien met vijf bolvormige lampen of eventueel lichtgevende motoren. Fife Symington, de toenmalige gouverneur van Arizona, was een van de ooggetuigen; later zou hij het object beschrijven als "niet van deze wereld" (otherworldly). 

Beelden van hoe het er toen uitzag:

 
En dan naar 12 april 2018, de dag waarop een aantal mensen objecten in de lucht zagen die heel veel lijken op de beroemde Phoenix Lights uit 1997.

Een dame, Sarah Adams, zit die avond met enkele vrienden net ten zuiden van de Amerikaanse grens in Mexico, niet ver van plaatsen zoals San Diego en Tijuana, waar heel regelmatig UFO's worden waargenomen.

Ze heeft een livestream op Facebook en daarin verschijnt er eerst één licht, dan nog één en zo door totdat er op een gegeven moment negen lichten te zien zijn.

Sarah geeft een soort commentaar op de achtergrond waarbij ze laat weten er heilig van overtuigd te zijn dat Disclosure nu gaat beginnen, dat de buitenaardsen hier zijn om ons te helpen en dat ze echt niet zullen toestaan dat er met bommen zal worden gegooid die de planeet zullen vernietigen.

Dan, dezelfde avond en iets verder naar het noorden gebeurt er iets in Carlsbad dat even ten Noorden ligt van San Diego in Californië.

Net voor negen uur 's avonds loopt Haley Higgins daar en ziet vreemde lichten boven de oceaan. Ze heeft een opname gemaakt door een verrekijker en met een iPhone. Door de korte afstand en omdat het op dezelfde avond gebeurde, is het waarschijnlijk dat dit dezelfde lichten zijn als die die ze werden gezien door Sarah.


En mocht er nog enige twijfel bestaan, dan maakt de volgende video daaraan een einde. Het is een opname gemaakt op wederom 12 april en dit keer in Rosarito, Mexico, net ten zuiden van Tijuana.

Wederom hetzelfde soort lichten en wederom geldt ook hier dat gezien de afstand en het tijdstip deze lichten dezelfde zijn als die van de twee bovenstaande waarnemingen.

Heeft Sarah gelijk en is dit een boodschap van de buitenaardsen aan ons of is het een geheime menselijke constructie die deze fascinerende lichten veroorzaakt?

4 things you need to know about NASA’s new planet-hunting satellite

by Colm Gorey

Inside NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida as the SpaceX payload fairing containing TESS is moved by crane to a transporter. Image: NASA/Kim Shiflett

NASA is set to launch its latest satellite, called TESS, aboard a SpaceX rocket with one mission: locate distant worlds that could harbour alien life.

NASA has been told it has to wait until 18 April for the launch of its latest satellite – the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) – after ground crew identified that further guidance, navigation and control analysis had to be done.

Aboard SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket, the Monday (16 April) launch of TESS was aborted in the final hours as the company looked to make absolutely sure it avoids any costly catastrophe.

Coverage of the launch has garnered particular attention, but what exactly is TESS and what does it hope to achieve?

Here are four things you need to know about what could be an important scientific mission.

SpaceX

✔@SpaceX

Standing down today to conduct additional GNC analysis, and teams are now working towards a targeted launch of @NASA_TESS on Wednesday, April 18.

10:17 PM - Apr 16, 2018

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1. What it aims to do

The TESS satellite aims to take on board what has been achieved by the exoplanet-hunting spacecraft Kepler and improve it exponentially by directly searching for alien worlds in greater detail.

After all, Kepler was limited by the hardware on board, meaning it could only observe a small fraction of what was out there, with many of the stars too faint to detect the surrounding planets with great accuracy.

The spacecraft will spend the next two years observing 200,000 of the brightest points in the night’s sky, with the NASA team hopeful that by the time the mission is over, it will have found 20,000 exoplanets, of which 500 might be Earth-sized.

2. NASA hitches ride aboard SpaceX in major first

SpaceX will feel vindicated following a recent investigation finding it devoid of blame in the loss of the secret Zuma satellite in January, but NASA scientists will still be feeling slightly anxious with the launch of TESS.

In a major landmark for the space agency, this is the first of its missions to be launched by a SpaceX rocket.

The $200m piece of hardware was given the go-ahead to launch aboard the Falcon 9 rocket by NASA’s administrators only as recently as February.

Adding to the anxiety will be the fact that TESS will be put into an orbit never attempted before, out as far as the moon and back to Earth, lasting 14 days at a time.

NASA’s newest planet hunter, TESS, will look around the brightest stars closest to our solar system for new worlds. Image: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center

3. Astronomers dying to get their hands on the data

Once the planets are identified, the world’s astronomers can adjust all of their equipment – including the long-delayed James Webb Space Telescope – and analyse the planets in great detail to determine whether they could harbour life.

When active, TESS will collect 27GB of scientific data every day before being put through NASA’s specialist algorithms, which are designed to clean up the signal to remove any background interference.

Stephen Rinehart, TESS’s project scientist, said of the mission: “There are some people on the mission who are very, very, very keen to find Earth-sized planets in the habitable zones of their host stars, and that would be absolutely fabulous.

“But the data on all these planets is interesting, because they help us form a picture of how planetary systems form and evolve. It’s going to be a game-changer in our ability to study planets.”

4. A one-two punch of satellite discovery

The launch of TESS will be immediately beneficial to scientists down here on Earth, but the satellite will also lay the groundwork for future missions, most notably the European Space Agency’s Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey (ARIEL) spacecraft.

Set for launch in 2028, ARIEL – with the location of thousands of exoplanets discovered by TESS – will be able to ‘sniff’ their atmospheres to determine their chemical composition and answer the question: how do planetary systems form and evolve?

During its four-year mission, ARIEL will observe 1,000 planets, ranging from Jupiter and Neptune down to super-Earth size, in the visible and the infrared with its metre-class telescope.

All of these factors should lead to a bounty of information returned to Earth, dependent on whether SpaceX can get the craft to its intended orbit.

{ https://www.siliconrepublic.com/ }

{ https://sputniknews.com/ }

Have The Ancient Ruins Of Atlantis Been Found In Antarctica?

I mean who doesn’t want to find Atlantis, right?

According to satellite images on Google Earth, there is a strange area in Antarctica which supposedly reveals a structure that, according to some theorists, could belong to lost ancient civilization, and not just any lost civilization, but Plato’s Atlantis.

As expected, the video detailing the possible ‘discovery’ was posted by the Conspiracy Depot channel, and it shows a series of lines that according to the video’s narrator, appear to have an artificial origin and have been exposed due to the melting of the ice in the region.

“The three parts of this structure are separated by equal distances and all are approximately seven meters long,” says Graham Maple, owner of the YouTube channel.

“It looks ancient, almost as if it had been carved into the rock itself. I think this was what was left of a building or structure. I think there were great civilizations in the ancient Antarctic continent and maybe Antarctica was even home to the mythical Atlantis, “he said.

2There is much-forgotten knowledge of our ancient history. We are beginning to scratch the surface with this new discovery,” concluded Maple.

According to Mapple, Atlantis, or the ruins of another ancient empire, are buried somewhere beneath the Antarctic ice.

Image Credit: Google Earth.

Coordinates: 64 ° 2’40.87 “S 59 ° 46’13.97” W (the discovery was made in the north of the Antarctic Peninsula).

So are these the Atlantean ruins that have eluded discovery for centuries?

If we read what Plato wrote about the mythical city/continent than no.

The Story of Atlantis

In Timaeus and Critias, written around 360 BC Plato described—through the voice of Critias—how Solon, a highly respected and well known Greek Statement traveled to Sais and met with priests from the goddess Neith.

It is there where an extremely old priest tells Solon about an empire that existed 9,000 years before him, which was at war with Athens.

Eventually, this empire identified as ‘Atlantis’ was destroyed by a great catastrophe.

Sonchis explained that Atlantis’ capital city was elaborately constructed, where great temples and palaces were erected, adorned by exotic gardens made of silver, gold and, ivory. Sonchis further described the capital of the Atlantean empire as being made of massive walls, which in turn were surrounded by circular islands protecting the inner citadel of the metropolis.

And according to Plato, Atlantis was located “beyond the Pillars of Hercules“. While Antarctica is beyond the pillars, it isn’t anywhere near where Plato said the mighty Atlantean empire disappeared.

However, as noted by experts, Antarctica wasn’t always the frozen continent and was certainly not always located where it today (geographically).

While this may not be Atlantis, it certainly is interesting to see what future explorations of the frozen continent will yield, and whether or not it’s possible that in the distant past, perhaps even before written history, great civilizations ruled the earth.

Featured image credit by Julian-Faylona Posted with Permission

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The Stone Circles Of Senegambia, The Largest Group Of Megalithic Complexes On Earth

If the largest concentration of dolmens on the planet is found on the Korean peninsula, the largest group of megalithic complexes corresponds to the central area of Senegal bordering the north of Gambia.

Surprised?

So was I!

But this just shows off the huge number of ancient sites that exist on Earth, which most people have no idea of.

In an area of 30,000 square kilometers between the two countries north of Janjanbureh (former Georgetown) we find the megalithic structures of a lost civilization.

These massive monuments are sometimes divided into the Wassu (Gambian) and Sine-Saloum (Senegalese) circles, but this is purely a national division from modern times.

Wassu Stone Circles.

Image Credit: CC BY-SA 2.0

The megalithic structures found in Senegal and Gambia are usually divided into four large sites: Sine Ngayene and Wanar in Senegal, and Wassu and Kerbatch in the Central River Region in Gambia.

The monuments itself are a mystery.

So far, experts have not been able to date them, but it is mostly accepted that the megalithic structures were erected between the third century B.C. and the sixteenth century AD.

The megalithic stone circles of Senegambia are home to around 29,000 stones, 17,000 monuments, and 2,000 individual sites.

Archaeologists Todd and Ozanne first studied the monuments in 1903.

Wassu stone circles.

Image Credit: CC BY-SA 2.0 Wikimedia Commons.

The structures were declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2006.

Todd, together with Wolbach, carried out excavations on the monuments in 1911 and determined that their construction could not be attributed to the cultures that occupied the territories at that time.

Experts note that the construction of the Senegambian stone monuments is evidence of a prosperous and well-organized culture.

This conclusion was reached after experts calculated the amount of labor which was required to build such structures.

Wassu Stone Circles.

Image Credit: CC BY-SA 4.0 Wikimedia Commons.

The stones are believed to have been extracted from laterite quarries with the help of iron tools, although archaeologists have identified few of the quarries which are directly linked to particular sites.

How the ancient builders transported the massive blocks of stones from their quarry to their construction site remains an enigma.

Who these ancient people were is also a mystery.

Some archaeologists believe that the Serer people are the builders of the massive structures.

This theory comes from the fact that the Serer still use funerary houses like those found at Wanar.

Stone Circles of Senegambia.

Image Credit: CC BY 2.0 Wikimedia Commons.

The Serer people are the third largest ethnic group in Senegal making up 15% of the Senegalese population.

Burial mounds with human remains, ceramics, and other objects have been found around the monuments, although the relationship of these tombs with the stone circles is not very clear.

Some theories suggest that the builders of the structures were farmers, since most the circles are located close to rivers, but experts have discovered spears in some of the tombs, which seems to indicate that they were also hunters.

Most experts seem to agree that it is not known exactly if the tombs are prior to the circles, whether they are contemporary to the structures or if they were built later.

According to local legends, the circles would have been built around the tombs of the kings of the ancient empire of Ghana.

Circles of stone Wassu Gambia.

Image Credit: CC BY-SA 3.0 Wikimedia Commons.

The largest monolith is located in Wassu, Gambia, and it has a height of 2.59 meters and is part of a circle that includes another 10 stones.

However, the area that hosts the largest number of circles is Sine Ngayene, in Senegal, with 52 circles, one of them featuring double stone circles, and has a total of1102 stones.

Archaeological excavations carried out in 2002 concluded that some tombs clearly predate the megaliths.

So, in all the mystery that engulfs these megalithic structures, we do know one thing: the area hosts the largest group of megalithic complexes in the world, as we haven’t found so many megaliths in any other part of the world.

Featured image credit: Wikimedia Commons.

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Inner Earth Civilizations? Unraveling The Mystery Behind Our Planet’s Massive Inner Ocean

One of my all-time favorite books is without a doubt Journey to the Center of the Earth, written by world-famous Author Jules Verne.

The story written by Verne involves a German professor called Otto Lidenbrock who was convinced that there are volcanic tubes that lead toward the center of our planet.

Lidenbrock, his nephew Axel, and their guide Hans descend into the Icelandic volcano Snæfellsjökull and encounter many adventures along the way, including prehistoric animals and dangers. Eventually, they resurface in southern Italy, at the Stromboli volcano.

In the book, Verne describes a MASSIVE ocean that exists inside our planet.

He explains how: a vast expanse of water, the beginning of a lake or an ocean, extended beyond the limits of sight.

Further, the view followed its mass outlined on the misty background of the horizon. It was a true ocean, capriciously contoured by the terrestrial shores, but deserted and with a terribly wild aspect.

The book was a science fiction bestseller, and despite many people believing that something like this may be possible, the idea remained firmly a science fictional idea.

Now, what if what was once thought to be a mere fantasy of the writer, was, in fact, closer to reality?

Image Credit: Shutterstock.

Is it even possible that there really is an underground ocean beneath or feet?

An article published in the journal Nature points in that direction.

As it turns out, scientists discovered a while ago, a diamond-rich in water with traces of a mineral called ringwoodite (in honor of its discoverer, the geochemist Alfred Ringwood).

The diamond originally came from an area that separates the upper terrestrial mantle from the lower one, that is, between four and six hundred kilometers beneath our feet.

So, what does that has to do with Verne, Inner Earth, and an ocean beneath our feet?

The fact is that the diamond found was associated with water molecules in a significant proportion (1.5%), which leads experts to propose the theory that this zone of transition of the mantle is very rich in water.

In fact, scientists have proposed that there is so much water beneath the surface of our planet, that we can cover the surface of our planet entirely in water. The existence of this ‘underground ocean’ would explain the great volcanic and tectonic dynamism of the planet.

Graham Pearson, a researcher from the University of Alberta (Canada) says that the ringwoodite found “provides confirmation that there really are pockets of water in the depths of the Earth.”

That, however, is a theoretical confirmation, of course, since due to lack of equipment and technology it would be impossible to obtain physical evidence from the mantle directly.

That kinda’ sucks since, despite the fact that humans have made it to space, landed on the moon and explored distant alien worlds, we’ve still not explored what exactly lies beneath our ocean, and what mysteries may be hidden beneath the surface of our planet.

Alfred Ringwood proposed that the mineral that bears his name could be found in the transition zone of the mantle, originated by the high pressures and temperatures that are found beneath deep beneath the surface.

But if we can’t go down there, how did scientists find the diamond?

Experts believe that the diamond surfaced in a volcanic eruption in a kimberlite wash (an igneous rock formed from magma and that is the deepest).

It was only three millimeters wide and lacked commercial value, but it was sold to scientists who were looking for other types of rocks, and who came up with something that was priceless: inside the diamond, there was a microscopic trail of ringwoodite.

But not everyone is convinced that a massive underground ocean exists and not all scientists believe that the result of the diamond analysis should be extrapolated to the theory of a massive underwater ocean based on such a small sample of ringwoodite.

Moreover, some scientists even admit that even if there is an ocean beneath our feet, it would not be in liquid form but under a molecular variant called hydroxyl, with only one atom of oxygen and another of hydrogen instead of the two.

David Wilcock and Earth’s Inner Civilizations

In 2015, an article appeared on Coast To Coast AM, where author and researcher David Wilcock discusses Earth’s Inner Civilizations.

Wilcock told C2C that an alliance of ancient civilizationscurrently resides inside the Earth, and they may soon reveal themselves to the ‘outer’ world.

During the formation of all watery planets in the universe, he explained, hollow cavities form below the surface of the crust and have their own biome that features bacteria which gives off natural light.

“What this means is that you can actually live inside caverns in the Earth that have visible light,” he marveled.

Based on his research, Wilcock said, “it appears that these cavities are used so that more advanced civilizations have a place they can live while they’re managing what takes place on the surface.”

Over the span of the planet’s history, he explained, various advanced societies, such as the Atlanteans, took refuge underground in order to survive tumultuous times and ultimately settled in their new subterranean location.

While the presence of these civilizations has been a part of UFO lore for decades, he contended that the government has direct knowledge of their presence due to accidentally discovering them via clandestine projects aimed at building secret underground bases.

“They’ll have these tunnel boring machines and sometimes they break through into someplace they’re not supposed to go,” Wilcock claimed, “and there’s already people there.”

For the full interview with David Wilcock click here.

Featured image by Leon Tukker. Image Posted with permission.

{ https://www.ancient-code.com/ }

Lasers squeezed iron to mimic the conditions of exoplanet cores

The experiment offers a hint of how the material behaves deep inside faraway worlds

BY LISA GROSSMAN 

UNDER PRESSURE  Using lasers, scientists compressed iron to high pressures that are likely found in large, rocky exoplanets’ cores. Here, an image of inside the laser chamber is shown with an artist’s rendering of an exoplanet. 

MARK MEAMBER/NIF

Physicists have simulated the cores of some large rocky exoplanets by pummeling iron with lasers. The resulting measurements give the first clue to how iron might behave inside planets outside the solar system that are several times the mass of Earth, researchers report April 16 in Nature Astronomy.

“Until now, there’s been no data available on the state of these materials at the center of large exoplanets,” says Ray Smith, a physicist at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California.

Working at the National Ignition Facility, Smith and his colleagues aimed 176 lasers at a pellet of iron a few micrometers thick wrapped in a gold cylinder. The lasers delivered enough energy over 30 billionths of a second to compress the iron to pressures up to 14 million times Earth’s atmospheric pressure at sea level. The researchers measured how the iron’s density changed at different pressures.

These high pressures are thought to be found in the iron cores of rocky exoplanets that are between three and four times Earth’s mass, Smith says. Although our solar system doesn’t have any planets of this size, they are the most common type of exoplanet in the galaxy. Previous simulations suggest that some of these rocky worlds may have interior compositions similar to Earth’s.

That similarity raises hopes that the exoplanets may have features that make the worlds hospitable to life, such as a magnetic field or plate tectonics (SN: 4/30/16, p. 36). NASA’s latest exoplanet-hunting telescope called TESS, scheduled to launch the evening of April 16, is expected to find hundreds of planets in this size range (SN Online: 4/12/18).

But the details of exoplanet interiors are hard to tease out. Until now, researchers had to extrapolate iron’s behavior at high pressures from measurements made at low pressures, which introduced uncertainties. With the new measurements, scientists can be more confident that their simulations reflect actual planets.

Previously, Smith and colleagues had made some headway by compressing diamond to even greater pressures (SN: 8/9/14, p. 20). Diamond is easy to compress but is not likely found deep inside rocky exoplanets.

“This is one of the first mineral physics experiments that is going to be much more applicable to every planet,” says exogeologist Cayman Unterborn of Arizona State University in Tempe. “That’s going to be really important once we start characterizing exoplanets with all of these new missions.”

Citations

• R.F. Smith. Equation of state of iron under core conditions of large rocky exoplanets. Nature Astronomy. Published online April 16, 2018. doi:10.1038/s41550-018-0437-9.

Further Reading

• L. Grossman. With the launch of TESS, NASA will boost its search for exoplanets. Science News Online, April 12, 2018.
• L. Hamers. Some TRAPPIST-1 planets may be water worlds. Science News Online, March 19, 2018.
• T. Sumner. How alien can a planet be and still support life? Science News. Vol. 189, April 30, 2016, p. 36.
• T. Sumner. Exoplanets need right stuff to be habitable. Science News. Vol. 189, January 23, 2016, p. 8.
• T. Sumner. Diamonds under pressure impersonate exoplanet cores. Science News. Vol. 186, August 9, 2014, p. 20.

{ https://www.sciencenews.org/ }

Disques protoplanétaires : une étonnante diversité dans le cosmos

Laurent Sacco

Journaliste

L'instrument Sphere du VLT permet aux astronomes de former des images directes d'exoplanètes et de disques protoplanétaires, similaires à celui où sont nées les planètes du Système solaire. Ces disques apparaissent maintenant avec un zoo de formes et de tailles, plus diverses que l'on ne l'imaginait.

André Brahic aimait souligner que l'exploration du Système solaire à laquelle il avait participé avec les missions Voyager puis avec celle de Cassini avaient montré sa grande diversité. Les surprises étaient au rendez-vous et cela n'a pas changé quand ce fut le tour de la rencontre entre Pluton, son satellite Charon et la sonde de la mission New Horizons.

Les astrophysiciens du XXI^e siècle sont devenus plus ambitieux puisqu'ils explorent désormais le monde des exoplanètes et qu'ils multiplient les observations des disques protoplanétaires autour des jeunes étoiles. Ils espèrent mieux comprendre encore la cosmogonie des planètes du Système solaire et mieux contraindre les théories modernes, héritières de celle proposée par Kant et Laplace, pour expliquer la naissance de ces astres avec la formation de ce type de disque de matière.

Ils ont développé l'instrument Sphere (Spectro Polarimetric High contrast Exoplanet REsearch) qui équipe le Very Large Telescope (VLT) de l'ESO au Chili depuis 2014. Il permet de faire de l'imagerie directe des exoplanètes mais aussi des disques protoplanétaires, malgré le rayonnement bien plus intense de leurs étoiles hôtes, dans une certaine mesure tout au moins.

Sphere a permis aux chercheurs de mener une campagne d'observation baptisée DARTTS-S (Disques Autour des Etoiles T-Tauri avec Sphere) concernant des étoiles de type T-Tauri à des distances de 230 à 550 années-lumière du Soleil. Ces étoiles, moins de trois fois plus massives que le Soleil, ne sont pourtant pas encore sur la séquence principale, car ce sont en fait de jeunes protoétoiles dont les âges sont inférieurs à 10 millions d'années.

Les étoiles T-Tauri, un laboratoire d'étude de la naissance des planètes

Elles sont entourées d'un disque protoplanétaire et sont particulièrement lumineuses car même pour une masse équivalente à celle du Soleil, elles ont un rayon plus grand et donc une surface d'émission de la lumière plus importante. Elles sont encore en contraction gravitationnelle de sorte qu'elles ne tirent pas leur énergie de la fusion thermonucléaire de l'hydrogène (bien que peut-être, parfois, en partie de celle du lithium), mais bien du mécanisme de Kelvin-Helmoltz.

On considère que les étoiles T-Tauri sont de bons laboratoires pour observer en direct l'équivalent de la naissance du Système solaire et ses étapes, alors que les planètes se formaient dans son disque protoplanétaire.

L’instrument Sphere installé sur le Very Large Telescope de l’ESO révèle les disques de poussière autour de jeunes étoiles proches. Tous arborent des formes, des dimensions ainsi que des structures différentes, et témoignent des probables effets des processus de formation planétaire.

© ESO/H. Avenhaus et al./E. Sissa et al./DARTT-S and SHINE collaborations 

DARTTS-S vient de faire l'objet de deux publications sur arXiv et de nouveau les astronomes sont surpris par la diversité découverte, comme le montre en images, un véritable zoo de disques qui diffèrent nettement les uns des autres en termes de dimensions et de formes. Certains sont composés d'anneaux brillants alors que d'autres exhibent des anneaux sombres.

Les astrophysiciens sont particulièrement intéressés par le cas de l'étoile GSC 07396-00759, une naine rouge de type M qui fait partie d'un système triple car elle orbite autour d'une étoile double formée de deux astres de type T-Tauri : V4046 Sagittarii. Ces deux étoiles sont nées ensemble et curieusement, elles ne sont pas entourées d'un même disque protoplanétaire, alors qu'ils devraient avoir évolué en parallèle et avec un matériau similaire. Là encore, il y a une diversité à comprendre pour progresser dans notre quête des origines, du Big Bang au vivant, et de notre place dans l'univers observable avec peut-être de la vie ailleurs.

• Le cosmos est un laboratoire naturel faisant varier les conditions de multiples « expériences », comme celle menant à la naissance des planètes dans des disques protoplanétaires autour d'étoiles de type T-Tauri.
• Plusieurs de ces disques ont été imagés directement par l'instrument Sphere du VLT de l'ESO. Ils sont apparus d'une surprenante diversité, ce qui va alimenter la théorie de la formation planétaire, y compris quand elle est appliquée pour comprendre la formation du Système solaire.

{ https://www.futura-sciences.com/sciences/ }

Project 1794 And The Flying Saucers They Were Supposed NOT To Be Working On?

The US was working on Flying Saucers regards of what they said publicly and it looks like they were taking it very, very seriously! So yeah when the US government says one thing we should take it with a pinch of salt especially with regards to UFOs and the existence of Aliens? If your caught lying about it once then how do we know they're not pulling the same stunt again? Well we don't and all we have to go off is past behaviours and they've lied once so...

I mean just look at this image marked " SECRET" and you tell me if they took it seriously or not?

Officially, aliens have never existed but flying saucers very nearly did. The National Archives has recently published never-before-seen schematics and details of a 1950s military venture, called Project 1794, which aimed to build a supersonic flying saucer.

The newly declassified materials show the U.S. Air Force had a contract with a now-defunct Canadian company to build an aircraft unlike anything seen before. Project 1794 got as far as the initial rounds of product development and into prototype design. In a memo dating from 1956 the results from pre-prototype testing are summarised and reveal exactly what the developers had hoped to create. The saucer was supposed to reach a top speed of “between Mach 3 and Mach 4, a ceiling of over 100,000 ft. and a maximum range with allowances of about 1,000 nautical miles,” according to the document. If the plans had followed through to completion they would have created a saucer, which could spin through the Earth’s stratosphere at an average top speed of about 2,600 miles per hour.

Wow. It was also designed to take off and land vertically (VTOL), using propulsion jets to control and stabilise the aircraft. Admittedly the range of 1,000 nautical miles seems limited in comparison to the other specifications but if you’d hopped on the disk in New York it could’ve had you in Miami within about 24 minutes. The document also hints that the product development seemed to be going better than planned; “the present design will provide a much superior performance to that estimated at the start of contract negotiations.”

It begs the question – why was the project dropped? Why aren’t wars being fought with flying saucers? The cost of continuing to prototype was estimated at $3,168,000, which roughly translates to about $26.6 million in today’s money and wouldn’t have been an insane price for such advanced technology. The problem with the other flying saucers developed under the same program (see video) is pretty clear. They didn’t get anywhere near 100,000 feet in altitude, more like five or six if you were lucky – so the military finally pulled the plug in 1960.

That's the introduction and there's loads more to come, we suggest you check all this out guys?

{ https://www.ufosightingsfootage.uk/ }

Did Another Civilization Exist On Earth Before Humans? Scientists Investigate

These civilizations would have existed many millions of years ago on Earth, to be precise nearly 60 million years ago. Now, scientists ask whether there’d be evidence of such civilizations existing on Earth. 

If you take a look at the long history of our planet, you’ll see that nearly sixty million years ago, our planet experienced temperatures far warmer than today, and the planet’s poles melted.

This historical fact has led some scientists to venture out into the unknown and ponder whether it is possible that this event—the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM)—is the result of global warming caused by a now existing civilization which existed on Earth before mankind.

And while this may sound as something that scientists wouldn’t really investigate, since, as Rob Waugh, Metro’s writer puts it: “It sounds like the kind of crackpot conspiracy to be found on ‘ancient alien’ UFO sites,” scientists have in fact ventured out of their ‘comfort zone’ and asked a question they’ve refrained from asking for decades.

In an article by the Atlantic, Adam Frank, a scientist from the University of Rochester asked what many other experts have refrained from asking.

Professor Frank writes: “There is a conundrum here. If an earlier species’ industrial activity is short-lived, we might not be able to easily see it. The PETM’s spikes mostly show us the Earth’s timescales for responding to whatever caused it, not necessarily the timescale of the cause.”

“So, it might take both dedicated and novel detection methods to find evidence of a truly short-lived event in ancient sediments. In other words, if you’re not explicitly looking for it, you might not see it.”

This isn’t just another conspiracy theory cooked up by a scientist.

Professor Frank wondered about what our civilization could leave behind if it perishes one day, and what other potential civilizations may find on Earth. Will they identify our civilization by the plastics we’ve dumped in the ocean? Will they find us because of the chemicals we’ve been using? Or will they find evidence of an ancient civilization on Earth prior to them because we’ve been using fossil fuels?

Professor Frank clarifies that while there is no evidence of an ancient advanced civilization existing on Earth before us, the idea brings up a number of possibilities regarding the cycle of life and how it may operate on other, distant alien worlds.

Professor Frank explains in the article that civilizations may inadvertently—through their collapse—create the necessary conditions to produce more fossil fuels, for future, distant civilization to use.

“Our work also opened up the speculative possibility that some planets might have fossil-fuel-driven cycles of civilization building and collapse. If a civilization uses fossil fuels, the climate change they trigger can lead to a large decrease in ocean oxygen levels.”

“These low oxygen levels (called ocean anoxia) help trigger the conditions needed for making fossil fuels like oil and coal in the first place. In this way, a civilization and its demise might sow the seed for new civilizations in the future.

By asking about civilizations lost in deep time, we’re also asking about the possibility for universal rules guiding the evolution of all biospheres in all their creative potential, including the emergence of civilizations. Even without pickup-driving Paleocenians, we’re only now learning to see how rich that potential might be.”

And as Waugh writes for Metro, here’s a crackpot conspiracy video for you to enjoy: (I wonder why Waugh writes so many conspiracy-related articles? Maybe he likes the crackpot conspiracy to be found on ‘ancient alien’ UFO sites, or maybe he just loves writing for popular sites like Metro, who not only post ridiculous articles but are apparently happy making revenue off of ‘Conspiracy’.

Source: Was There a Civilization On Earth Before Humans? A look at the available evidence

Featured image credit

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Comment la France s’apprête à imposer le pistage des drones de plus de 800 grammes

Crédits : VictorBernard/iStock/ThinkStock

    

Par Xavier Berne 

{ https://www.nextinpact.com/ }

California Residents Stunned by Mass UFO Disclosure Event

This group of UFO's made itself known in the California sky recently. The sighting lasted for over 10 minutes!

www.moderngalaxynews.com/...

 { https://www.disclose.tv/ }