Ancient Aliens Found in “The Wall Of Humanity” – PumaPunku
THE EXTRATERRESTRIAL FIND OF THE AZTECS IN OJUELOS DE JALISCO (MEXICO)
Through the high technological development of their UFOs, they knew very well not only our solar system, in which they traveled between the Earth and their planets of origin, but could also come from beyond our solar system or from our galaxy.
They have also discovered a series of skulls discovered in several Latin American countries, especially Paracas – Peru, called “Paracas Elongatus”.
Also in Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia and Mexico, have been in recent years, a series of skulls and skulls in the shape of a cone, which have left scientists without words.
In the last dates also one was found in Australia, that received the name of “Australian Elongatus”.
Source : http://yourminds.org/
CLOSE ENCOUNTER BOVEN IERSE ZEE ( UPDATE )
CLOSE ENCOUNTER BOVEN IERSE ZEE ( UPDATE )
Er is zo langzamerhand geen nieuwskanaal ter wereld dat geen aandacht heeft besteed aan de UFO waarnemingen van een aantal piloten.
Op zich is dat niets bijzonders, want piloten nemen al heel lang vreemde objecten in de lucht waar, dus waarom nu al die commotie?
Update: 17 november 2018
Er komt steeds meer ondersteunend bewijs voor de objecten die door een aantal vliegtuigbemanningen werden gemeld aan de verkeersleiding.
Drie minuten voordat de eerste piloot een melding deed, werd er door een dashcam in een auto de volgende ufo vastgelegd.
Op vrijdag 9 november om 6:44 reed Sandy Laverty naar haar werk en bevond zich op de Clovfin Road in Coleraine. Haar dashcam legde de volgende beelden vast die zij omschrijft als: "een helder object dat door de lucht schoot".
Origineel artikel: 14 november 2018
Het lijkt erop dat wanneer één mainstream publicatie een bericht publiceert, de rest van de wereld over elkaar heen buitelt om ook dit bericht te brengen. Dit bleek duidelijk het geval met een UFO waarneming voor de Ierse kust afgelopen vrijdag van een aantal verkeersvliegers.
Net de dag nadat het AD ons had afgeserveerd met de suggestie dat deze website niet serieus genomen kan worden omdat daar ook UFO meldingen worden gedaan, komen zij zelf met een UFO melding.
De Ierse luchtvaartautoriteiten gaan onderzoek doen naar meldingen van piloten over ufo's. Een piloot meldde afgelopen week een ongeïdentificeerd vliegend object toen hij boven Ierland vloog. Het incident gebeurde afgelopen vrijdag, tijdens een vlucht van het Canadese Montreal naar Londen, aldus nieuwszender BBC. Ook andere piloten deden melding van snel bewegende vliegende objecten. De piloot vroeg omstreeks zeven uur ’s ochtends de verkeersleiding van het vliegveld Shannon of er een militaire oefening was, omdat het voorwerp zich ‘razendsnel verplaatste’. Dat bleek niet het geval.
Het volgende is een korte reportage van de Ierse televisie:
Op zich natuurlijk niet zo verwonderlijk dat er na bovenstaande meer meldingen binnen komen van UFO waarnemingen in dat gebied.
Zo vertelt de Irish Mirror dat ze werden overstelpt met berichten van mensen die ook iets hadden gezien en één van die meldingen was afkomstig van Donal Brady die de onderstaande opname maakte ongeveer 12 uur na de melding van de piloten in de buurt van Cork.
Er schijnt dus wel degelijk iets gaande te zijn in het Ierse luchtruim.
Want wat gebeurde is helemaal niets nieuws. Hierna een opname uit 1962 waar in precies hetzelfde gebied de bemanning van een Aer Lingus toestel ook een UFO zag. Captain Gordon Pendleton legt uit dat hij samen met zijn co-piloot een vreemd vliegend object zagen zonder vleugels dat zich met grote snelheid door het luchtruim bewoog tijdens een vlucht van Cork naar Brussel.
Hoe er in het verleden werd omgegaan met UFO meldingen door piloten blijkt uit het volgende verhaal dat afkomstig is uit een eerder artikel:
Hoe de afgelopen decennia is omgegaan met betrouwbare UFO informatie door overheden blijkt uit de gebeurtenissen rondom vlucht 1628 van Japan Airlines.
We hebben hier te maken met de waarneming van een ervaren bemanning, waarvan de captain zelfs meer dan 10.000 vlieguren heeft.
Het vrachtvliegtuig was in november 1986 onderweg van Reykjavik naar Anchorage, toen het boven het oostelijk deel van Alaska een ontmoeting had met enkele UFO’s.
Wat hier vrij uniek was, was dat de UFO's te zien waren op de radarsystemen van de verkeersleiding. Al met al duurde de ontmoeting ongeveer 40 minuten en in die tijd zag de bemanning dat de kleinere UFO’s zich vervoegden bij een moederschip dat het vliegtuig bleef volgen.
Na de landing werd alles wat er gebeurd was gerapporteerd door de bemanning, inclusief tekeningen van de UFO's en het moederschip.
Als beloning voor het rapporteren van deze waarneming werd de gezagvoerder Captain Kenju Terauchi geschorst en mocht de eerstvolgende jaren niet meer vliegen.
Zoals je ziet zijn er door de jaren heen betrouwbare meldingen geweest van piloten in verkeersvliegtuigen. We zullen moeten afwachten of bij de gebeurtenissen in Ierland een officieel vervolg komt, of dat dit weer één van de zoveelste waarnemingen is die in een archiefkast zullen verdwijnen net zoals al de voorgaande. Kans is ook aanwezig dat het onderdeel uitmaakt van gecontroleerde disclosure. UFO's op het Brexit toneel!
Het goede nieuws is dat veel mainstream mensen nu toch wel beginnen te twijfelen over het al dan niet bestaan van UFO's. Een mooi voorbeeld daarvan zie je in de volgende nieuwsuitzending van Fox News.
Mensen gaan twijfelen omdat ze piloten toch hoger inschatten voor wat betreft waarnemingen dan doorsnee burgers. Dus, als het allemaal echt is dan zou het mooi zijn als vliegtuigbemanningen wereldwijd alles zouden rapporteren wat ze zien. Dat dit dan de nodige problemen kan opleveren blijkt uit de volgende video van Tyler van Secureteam.
Ook daar het verhaal van professionals uit de luchtvaartindustrie die melding maakten van de vreemde objecten naast hun vliegtuig en die opdracht kregen om daar onmiddellijk mee te stoppen omdat ze anders hun baan zouden kwijtraken.
Verder heeft Tyler ook nog een opname van een UFO die is gemaakt in de buurt van waar de vliegtuigbemanningen ze zagen vliegen.
Atlantis Capital City Discovered?
In my recent book on pole shifts, proof of previously advanced civilizations like Atlantis are just one small portion of the pile of evidence suggesting that the entire surface of the Earth is repeatedly destroyed and re-oriented in a periodic cycle of natural catastrophes. The last POLE SHIFT seems to have occurred less than 13,000 years ago.
Thank you Bright Insight for compiling this evidence over many video presentations including the video below. Some key points:
The Richat Structure, a.k.a. The Eye of Africa, is a series of concentric circles in the desert in Mauritania.
If it was on an ancient shoreline as the evidence suggests, it was on the Atlantic, west of the Pillars of Hercules/Straits of Gibraltar as described by Plato almost 2500 years ago.
Russia UFO Encounters That the West Would Rather You Didn't Know About (Video)
Shock UFO Claim – Mysterious Aerial Activity Is Causing Extreme Weather
Alien hunters believe the UFO that has been spotted in Argentina could be the reason for bad weather. The orb-like flying object was seen with bright light hovering outside a home in Santa Cruz. It was observed during a wind storm, making some to think the mysterious bright light may have caused it. It seems to hover around the area calmly.
Some observers theorize that aliens are monitoring the human race and even affect the weather on Earth as if it is fun for them.
Several prominent alien hunters believe space aliens could be monitoring the humanity’s reaction to extreme weather scenarios.
According to the report, the UFO was spotted outside a home in Argentina during a wind storm, and it may be the reason for the weather being so bad that day.
Unidentified flying objects are known for causing tornadoes, hail, thunder, lightning, and wind.
Argentina is a UFO hotspot, and this is very evident on a UFO landing pad created in the country’s wilderness. A man built the pad after aliens allegedly told him to do so in the site.
A Swiss man named Werner Jaisli is the one who builds the strange monument.
The secret of the KGB: the extraterrestrial races on Earth
In Russia, it is said that the children of a deceased Ukrainian officer found a book belonging to the secret services of the Soviet Union (KGB), which describes more than fifty alien races that have visited the Earth. (extraterrestrial races on Earth)
The book of extraterrestrial races is one of the most controversial and original documents of the period in which Russia was dominated by communism. Obviously, the information in this book is still very controversial, and its authenticity can not be verified. However, we believe that it could be useful since the information found in this supposed book could be linked to the statements made some time ago by Dmitry Medvedev about aliens.(extraterrestrial races on Earth)
The first edition was published in 1946 and was intended to inform agents of the secret services about different alien races that were visiting the Earth at that time. This book, in particular, is fascinating because many types of alien species are described, as well as the description and type of their ships and their place of origin.(extraterrestrial races on Earth)
The book was made by the SMERSH counterintelligence service built by the Red Army in late 1942 or even earlier, but officially founded on April 14, 1943. On January 13, 1947, a small book containing a description of the best extraterrestrial SMERSH agents.
Also in the book of the KGB describes how each species has contributed to the development and progress of human life on the planet Earth. Therefore, the book also describes the alien races that have observed our planet over time, as well as the fact that they have interacted with different governments in different countries of the world.(extraterrestrial races on Earth)
The book also provides information on meetings held with other governments and kept secret. The KGB book is a great source of information, but also a manual to learn how to communicate with some of these exotic species.
For example, there are Aliens “Allgruulk” who are known in the Universe as creators and builders. They can live up to 230 years and have visited the Earth for a period of 300 years in which they have had direct contact with people. The aliens “RAK” are another exotic species.(extraterrestrial races on Earth)
This species has visited humanity since 720 BC. The secret document describes not only the physical characteristics of the different types of Aliens, but also details how many times they have visited the planet and what is the planetary position of each of the identified species.
Numerous websites dedicated to research on UFOs claim that in the pages of this old high-secret file on aliens, we can find information from different spaceships in which these beings move in the cosmos, and also the chilling details of those who come from the beings.
Source : http://infinityexplorers.com
David Wilcock On Ending The Divide In The ET/UFO Community
The ET and UFO community has been met with a great deal of drama and divide over the years. I have seen it deeply in only 10 years in the space. So I asked David Wilcock to share his thoughts on how we can come together.
Do you find yourself all out disliking people in this space due to one or two things they said you didn't like? Do you create any 'us vs them' feelings with certain people and certain aspects of this space? If so, do you feel this helps or divides?
The more time you spend on the forums, pages, commenting sections and events that touch the ET and UFO community, the more you realize it is like anything else: there are deep differences and deep divides.
You’ve heard it, the lashing out on stage or online from various figureheads, calling out others in the space as not having their facts straight or being infiltrated by intelligence communities etc. This then goes online in an even bigger way, spreading through comments, forums and everything else, creating more confusion amongst people. In essence, it’s a giant distraction.
I found out how intense this really was when first became a lot more involved within the community 5 years ago. So I decided to make it a personal mission to begin mending relationships in the space. Further to that, we committed to producing our content the way we do at CE, in our view, has encouraged both ‘leaders’ and the ‘viewers’ in the space to begin thinking differently about how we create hate, divides and focus on differences. To us, this is truly ‘walking the talk’ when it comes to the unity message of the movement.
This space, like any other thing in our world, requires us to look within ourselves individually to find out why we are creating the experiences we are. Stop blaming others and pointing fingers, and instead make this about truly doing the conscious work to create unity.
Thus far, I have seen shifts and changes happen amongst our audience, people uniting more, being more empathetic towards all presenting a message. And when they disagree with something they simply move on. I feel it’s more important that we come together as a community and support bringing this message out in a big way than it is to become divided and distracted like we often can be.
For me, I have carried two rules into this ET and UFO space as I have met and worked with many of the prominent figures within it. They are:
1. If I hear something that is hearsay from someone else, usually trash talking or something of that nature, I go directly to the person it’s about and talk to them about the info. I don’t care to name names, more so just talk about the facts. Most of the time, you find out the trash talking was BS or misconstrued. You also often find that people have never actually taken the time to speak to their colleagues about the issue at hand.
2. I remember that like me, and everyone else on the planet, we are all souls on a journey. We each have our everyday challenges we are working through. With this level of empathy towards others, we are much more open to discerning information.
These rules have helped to bridge gaps between people, repair relationships and ultimately work towards creating a more solid and united disclosure movement grounded in the practice of living through the heart. An important and sometimes missing aspect of this space.
In a recent interview, I decided to ask David Wilcock about this very subject to see what he had to say with his many years in the space.
A new film called Above Majestic has come out and it features David Wilcock, Corey Goode, John Desouza, William Tompkins, David Adair, Laura Eisenhower, Niara Isley, and Jordan Sather.
Above Majestic is a shocking and provocative look at what it would take to hide a multi-trillion-dollar Secret Space Program (a clandestine group of elite military and corporate figureheads charged with reverse-engineering extraterrestrial technology also known as “Majestic 12”) from the public and the implications this would have for humanity. Viewers will be guided through taking a deep dive into the origins, technologies, history, cover-ups, conspiracies, testimony and research that goes beyond and Above Majestic.
In 1974 Carl Sagan Sent This Message Into Space: In 2001 We Received This Response
In 1974, a broadcast (known as the “Arecibo” message) put together by Carl Sagan and colleagues was sent into space via radio waves at a special ceremony to celebrate the remodelling of the Arecibo radio telescope in Puerto Rico. It was the most powerful broadcast ever deliberately beamed out into space. Directed at a star cluster sitting approximately 25,000 light years away, it consisted of a pictorial message depicting our planet’s location in our solar system, the core principles of our math and science, and the NASA antenna used to transmit the signal in the hopes that it would be interpreted by an extraterrestrial intelligence. The message also included details about human beings, such as our physical appearance and DNA code. The signal was a million times stronger than the typical TV transmission. You can see the message in the cover photo (above).
27 years later, in 2001, the crop circle phenomenon gained some well-deserved attention when a pattern in the form of a response to the 1974 broadcast appeared right next to Britain’s largest telescope, the Chilbolton, and observatory, home to the world’s largest fully steerable meteorological radar. It’s one of the most amazing crop circles to ever appear, regardless of whether you believe it was done by human beings or an extraterrestrial intelligence
Above is a picture of what seems to be the response to the message sent out in 1974 by NASA (see cover photo). The message describes a different solar system, an image of the sender (just like on the original NASA message), non-human DNA, and a microwave antenna instead of the radio-wave antenna that was depicted in ours.
A simple Google search would suffice if you want to see more pictures. It was written off as a hoax, like most crop circles are within the mainstream.
The face you see there appeared three days before the rectangular image. The face represented a new technique in crop circle generation, a screen technique that is also used for printing a face on a piece of paper.
What’s also interesting to note is the fact that the microwave antenna signal in this crop circle also appeared a year earlier in the exact same field. You can view an image of that one here.
The Arecibo message sent out into space was in binary, and I thought it would be fitting to source a declassified NSA (National Security Agency) document titled “Key To The Extraterrestrial Messages.” This document reveals that they received a series of 29 messages from outer space that also appear to be in some binary form. The title of the document alone is quite shocking given the fact that it comes straight from the NSA.
Not many people are aware of the fact that crop circles happen all over the world and there have been reports of them for decades. Some of their designs are so complex and elaborate that they’ve completely baffled onlookers, researchers, and scientists alike. Not only that, many of the designs are often electrostatically charged, usually with the nodes of some of the plant stalks blasted out on one side. Some of them are also littered with strange magnetic particles. This effect has been replicated by highly localized microwave heating, which causes water inside the plants to vaporize and dislodge, thus flopping the stock completely over to one side.
This fact has led some physicists to publish work on the phenomenon, concluding that the perpetrators (who have never been caught in the act of making a crop circle, anywhere) are using GPS devices, lasers, and microwaves to create these astonishing geometric forms. (source)
According to Richard Taylor, director of the Materials Science Institute at the University of Oregon: “Crop circle artists are not going to give up their secrets easily. This summer, unknown artists will venture into the countryside close to your homes and carry out their craft, safe in the knowledge that they are continuing the legacy of the most science-oriented art movement in history.” (source)
Other physicists, like Dr. Terence Meadon, have explained that the light energy involved is a result of atmospheric phenomena.
So, if the circle makers are indeed human, we are looking at an extremely advanced/artistic group of people with a tremendous amount of resources at their disposal.
What are your thoughts on the crop circle phenomenon? Feel free to share in the comment section below.
Related CE Article:
The Nimitz UFO Encounters – A Short Documentary Film
| On the morning of November 14th, 2004 off the coast of California, the USS Nimitz Carrier Strike Group was conducting routine training. Soon the sailors and naval aviators of the carrier strike group would encounter unknowwn craft. | By David C. Beatty |
See Also:
"UFOs Are Real," says Former DoD, Intellgence Officer
Secret UFO Program Recorded Encounters with Unknown Objects | INTERVIEW – VIDEO
Nevada Senator Fought To Save Secret UFO Program | VIDEO
Pentagon UFO Study Examined UFO Activity at Nuclear Missile Sites Says Former U.S. Senator Harry Reid
What the Government Knows About UFOs | Interview with Harry Reid
New Interview with Navy Pilot Who Chased Tic-Tac UFO – Pt 2 | VIDEO
New Interview with Navy Pilot Who Chased Tic-Tac UFO – Pt 1 | VIDEO
Harrowing Encounter Between F/A-18s and UFO; Detailed Official Report Surfaces
Executive Summary Report: UFO Encounter with the Nimitz Carrier Strike Group
AATIP / AAWSAP - A Tale of Two Programs
UFOs are Suddenly a Serious News Story
UFO Info Wars
UFOs May Have Attempted Rendezvous With Giant Undersea Object | VIDEO
Executive Summary Report: UFO Encounter with the Nimitz Carrier Strike Group
Confidential Military Report on 'Tic Tac UFO Event' | VIDEO
Long-Awaited Government-Funded UFO Reports Now In The Public Domain
Documents Prove Secret UFO Study | VIDEO
AATIP or AAWSAP?
Dr. Eric W. Davis, of NASA's Breakthrough Physics Propulsion Project, Discussed UFOs During Lecture | VIDEO
UFO Research By NASA Affiliated Physicist Dr. Eric W. Davis is Confirmed By Colleague
Dr Eric Davis, Physicist, Explains Why Scientists Won't Discuss Their UFO Interests
Deciphering The Pentagon UFO Program and Release of The UFO Videos
BREAKING: Formerly Secret UFO Program NOT Called, 'Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program' (AATIP)?
'Getting the Mainstream Media to Approach the UFO Puzzle as Legitimate News
OREGON UFO EVENT: Air Traffic Control Audio Tapes Released via FOIA Request
What the Government Knows About UFOs | Interview with Harry Reid
3rd AATIP Video & the Pentagon UFO Study – Interview with Luis Elizondo | VIDEO
Third Government UFO Video Released | VIDEO
The Military Keeps Encountering UFOs – Why Doesn’t the Pentagon Care? | VIDEO
UFO Research Gets New Life By Way of The Pentagon's Mysterious Project
BREAKING NEWS: The Pentagon’s Mysterious UFO Program Revealed | VIDEO
Ex-Military Official Details Pentagon's Secret UFO Hunt | INTERVIEW – VIDEO
Billionaire Robert Bigelow's Decades-Long Obsession With UFOs
Navy F-18 'Gimbal UFO' Video Explained?
Post Pentagon’s UFO Research Program Revelations – Skeptics Regroup
Understanding the Science of UFOs and Space Time Metric Engineering | VIDEO
UFO-Pentagon FOIA Request Delayed
BREAKING NEWS: The Pentagon’s Mysterious UFO Program Revealed | VIDEO
Ex-CIA Chief - Keep Studying UFOs
Herald Tribune Reporter, Billy Cox Queries CIA On Chase Brandon's Roswell UFO Claims
Luis Elizando Former Head of Secret Pentagon UFO Program Describes Five Categories of UFOs | INTERVIEW
While Waiting for the Next New York Times UFO Bomb to Drop
Navy Pilot, Who Chased A UFO, Says ‘We Should Take Them Seriously’
UFO Legacy: What Impact Will Revelation of Secret Government Program Have?
UFO Reports at Nuclear Missile Sites and The Pentagon UFO Program
Astrophysicist, Neil deGrasse Tyson Discusses The Pentagon UFO Program on Colbert | VIDEO
Ex-Military Official Details Pentagon's Secret UFO Hunt | INTERVIEW – VIDEO
Pentagon's Secret UFO Search, Stanton Friedman Weighs In | INTERVIEW – VIDEO
What the New York Times UFO Report Actually Reveals
'Second' Navy Pilot Comes Forward Re UFO Encounter | INTERVIEW – VIDEO
'The Pentagon’s Newly Revealed UFO Research Program' – What a Week!
On the Trail of a Secret Pentagon U.F.O. Program
UFO-Pentagon Story Reflects Fundamental Problems
Pentagon UFO Study Examined UFO Activity at Nuclear Missile Sites Says Former U.S. Senator Harry Reid
UFO Study Focused on U.S. Military Encounters
PENTAGON UFO PROGRAM: 'Recovered Material' From UFOs Discussed By Leslie Kean | INTERVIEW – VIDEO
Senator Reid Discusses Secret UFO Program | INTERVIEW – VIDEO
Navy Pilot Recounts UFO Encounter | INTERVIEW – VIDEO
Aliens, UFOs, Flying Discs and Sightings -- Oh My!
Secret Programs, U.S. Senators and Money, Who Wants to Talk UFOs Now?
Navy Pilot Talks: The UFO Jammed Their Radar — ‘It Accelerated Beyond Any Airplane We Have’
BREAKING NEWS: The Pentagon’s Mysterious UFO Program Revealed | VIDEO
Navy UFO Encounter: 'It Accelerated Like Nothing I’ve Ever Seen’ – F/A-18F Pilot | VIDEO
Secret UFO Pentagon Program Explained By Leslie Kean | INTERVIEW – VIDEO
Secret Pentagon UFO Program Spent Millions
Winston Salem NC Triangle UFO Sighting Reported
At 6 am today (10-23-2018) to have a cigarette and a minute or two later directly above me was a UFO Triangle 100 ft wide 50 ft length.
I stepped out on the balcony just after 6 am today (10-23-2018) to have a cigarette and a minute or two later directly above me was a UFO that had to be at least 100 foot in width and 50 or more feet in length, 50 feet or less above me just over the tree tops moving 10 to 15 mph in a straight line going East heading towards the city of Winston-Salem, NC. with 4 huge tail lights flashing/strobes bright yellow-orange and red, (multi-colored) randomly without a pattern and one flashing bright red light on top, bright as LED lights and just as it was getting out of sight another one going North but 100 to 150 feet higher and directly above me came and moving about 20 to 25 mph, I was watching this UFO and to the right of me looking North-East I saw another UFO heading towards the first one that was now out of sight going 20-25 mph heading South-East and as I was following that UFO another UFO heading South but much higher in the air about 300-400 feet and just above a thin cloud appeared.
I called using 411 the Winston-Salem Police non emergency number and was connected and gave the same account I"m telling you at approximately at 6:15 am and asked them if they could tell me if the Military was doing Drone exercises but they said they would make a report and have someone call back.
At 6:30 am give or take a officer called me back and all she told me was she didn't see anything and wouldn't answer my question if the Military was in the area. The first UFO Sighting did have a hard to describe very slight sound which I can mimic if I had to but I tried to record it with my iPad and it doesn't come out good, I've attached photos (taken within a hour afterwards, it was dark at the time but the sky had lightened up) I took them from my perspective and sketched on them (poorly) what I saw and I hope it gives you a good idea of what I seen. I'm regretting not thinking to grab my iPad and take a video but I was in complete awe of what I was seeing but I'll now be out in the morning ready and waiting to see if t! hey come back.
There was a man walking South on the sidewalk and I tried to get his attention so he could witness it too but he didn't respond to me and also in the distance there was a lady walking 4 small dogs that were freaking out when this happened and she was yelling at them and trying to calm them down. I've have never seen anything like this and so close to me that would make me want to file a report, I just want to know if what I saw could be Military Drones. Thank-you for providing a way for me to share my experience and I'm hoping you can provide some information regarding this experience.
UFO Sighting Report
source nuforc.org
Photo Render
Mysteries of the Human Body
Throughout human history we have strove and endeavored to push out past the horizon and the limits of what we can see, to go out into the world and indeed the universe to explore new realms in our innate, insatiable quest for discovery. We have gone out past the hills or mountains in the distance, over the vast sea that sprawls out as far as we can see, into the thickest jungles and down into the deepest, darkest abysses of our oceans. We have gone out past the blue skies above, launching out into space to our moon and the planets beyond, and one day we may go even further still, into the corners of our observable universe and beyond to who knows what. Yet, for all of the mysteries that lie out there in the seas and wildernesses of our planet and beyond our world, it is interesting to think that some of the more baffling frontiers lie not out beyond us, but rather within us, and the human body is in many ways just as unexplored and misunderstood as any far away realm.
Some of the puzzling mysteries of the human body are everyday things that we take for granted, and which no one really gives much thought to. Take yawning for instance, you have probably done this countless times today, hopefully not too much while reading this article, whether it be because you are tired, bored, or just because the person next to you did it. But have you ever thought about “why” we yawn? Or why it should be contagious? There are lots of ideas for why we yawn, such as that it regulates the temperature of our brains, or helps us shift from one condition to another, such as from sleep to wakefulness or alertness to boredom, or maybe it just gives us a physiological boost, but the fact is we don’t really know. Making it all more mysterious is the fact that yawning seems to be infectious, as you have no doubt already surmised from your own experiences, but why should this be? The closest we have to an answer for any of this is that it is some ingrained social bonding trait, a subconscious show of empathy, of which neuroscientist and professor of psychology, Robert Provine, has said in a statement to Healthline:
Yawning may be a primitive form of empathy that binds tribal members together and coordinates their physiology, such as synchronizing arousal and bedtimes. Diminished contagion, whether from yawning or laughing, may be a novel measure of social disorders as in autism or schizophrenia.
That is a rather unromantic and coldly scientific way of saying that yawing brings us together. It is interesting to note that contagious yawning is seen mostly only in social animals such as dogs, lions, chimpanzees, and humans. However, again we just don’t know, and yawning, one of our most common behaviors, remains little understood. Another contagious behavior that we do all of the time is laughing, which if you are lucky you have also done many times today already. Laughter, and its ability to infect others around us with its mirth, is also actually a rather mysterious trait, with no real concrete commonly accepted reason for why we should do it or why it should spread to others. The most widely accepted theory is that, like yawning, it is a sort of social behavior. In this case, it is likely an evolutionary trait designed to specify that we are playing and not engaging in threatening behavior or feeling threatened. In this way, our laughter puts others of our group at ease and they too laugh to show others around them that there is no immediate danger. The social angle helps explain why we laugh far less when we are alone, but the true reason for laughter and its contagious nature remains murky. It doesn’t, however, explain why some people laugh at some things while others don’t, or why in some cultures laughing is actually sometimes a sign of discomfort or even alarm.
So we have these behaviors and reactions so far of when we are sleepy, bored, or conversely happy and amused, so what usually happens when you are embarrassed? Do you blush? Well a lot of people do, and if so, there is another mystery we still don’t have an answer to, made all the more intriguing by the fact that humans are the only animals that do it. We know the “how” part of the equation. Blushing is basically caused by blood vessels dilating in reaction to the adrenaline stirred up by stress, and this allows the adrenaline to flow through your system faster and more smoothly. In the face, this results in that redness we call blushing, but this redness shows up nowhere else on the body. This stress can be caused by embarrassment, but it can also be caused by positive emotions such as being thrilled or receiving a compliment.
This we know, but more confusing is the “why” of it all. Why should only our faces turn red in these situations? What possible purpose or advantage could our faces turning red have, and why does it happen even in positive situations such as meeting the man or woman of your dreams? It is so baffling that Charles Darwin himself once said of it, “Blushing is the most peculiar and the most human of all expressions.” Again, there are many ideas for why we might blush, but no definitive answers. One of the main theories is that blushing serves as a social nonverbal form of apology, meaning that when you do something you know was a mistake or wrong you subconciously visibly blush to show others that you realize it and are sorry about it, visually representing your regret and remorse for all to see. This has actually been tested, and studies have shown that people who blush are indeed more likely to be forgiven than those who don’t. However, like the others we have looked at so far, nobody really knows for sure.
Another thing many of you might take for granted and do every day is write, throw a ball, or use a fork or knife with either your right or left hand. For most people it is just one of those “just because” things, yet the fact that we have a dominant hand at all, as well as why most people should have that be the right hand, have long been a baffling mystery of the human body. Wouldn’t it make more evolutionary sense for us to be able to use both hands equally? Yes, it would, and although a small percentage people are ambidextrous (able to use both hands equally), scientists can’t seem to agree on why this isn’t the case for everyone, or why it should 7 to 9 times out of 10 be the right hand that is favored, no matter the culture or country.
One idea is that because of our advanced speech capabilities there are more brain resources dedicated to the complex wiring of the speech producing region of our brains, which is also linked to motor skills and which usually sits on the left hemisphere, but not always. However, many right-handed people have been found to have speech centers on the right hemisphere and many left-handed people have speech centers on the left as well, making this an unreliable indicator at best. There is also the fact that animals without the complex speech wiring and fine motor skills of humans have also been shown to have preferred dominant appendages as well. In the end, it is not fully understood, and it is difficult to study as many societies take naturally left-handed people and force them into right-handedness, making it difficult to get a fix on. The subject of the nature of handedness continues to be debated and discussed, and we are no closer to an answer.
Other mysteries of the human body have more to do with our actual anatomy and the make-up of our bodies. Some of these are external and you can see them right now. For instance, look at your hands and you’ll see that not only do you have fingerprints, but you may also know that their particular patterns of whorls and ridges are completely unique to you and you alone. Have you ever thought about why that should be, or indeed why you should have fingerprints in the first place? If you have been paying attention so far you can probably see where this is going. That’s right, we don’t know.
“Whoa, whoa, wait!” you might be thinking right about now. “They are for gripping things, right?” you may be asking. Well, here’s the thing about that, while indeed it was long thought that this was the purpose of fingerprints, that the ridges create friction, this has since been seen as more and more doubtful. In the June 12, 2009 issue of the Journal of Experimental Biologya report was published by Peter Warman, from the University of Manchester in England, that showed that fingerprints don’t seem to improve grip at all, and actually may even make our grip worse. It was found that considering that our skin behaves almost like rubber when producing friction with an object, we need more of the skin in contact with the object to get a better grip. In our case, those fingerprints of ours actually make sure that we have less of our skin in contact than we would if we didn’t have fingerprints, worsening the grip, although they are still seen as perhaps helping to grasp rougher surfaces. Other theories for why we have fingerprints include that they help drain water from our fingers to keep our grip dry, that they could have a role to play in helping to prevent blisters, or that they somehow increase touch sensitivity, but at the moment those unique prints of yours are an evolutionary mystery.
Moving within the body we come to other inscrutable mysteries. Probably the one most people will immediately think of is the appendix, a seemingly pointless organ that is apparently only good for getting infected and having to be removed. Indeed, many of you reading this right now are probably without an appendix and also without any ill effects, and indeed even the word itself “appendix” in common usage denotes something that is sort of tacked on as an afterthought. One would think that after all of these years we would by now have discovered just what it is supposed to do, but actually no. All we have are ideas, such that it is a vestigial remnant of an organ that helped our ancestors digest food, that it helps develop the immune system of fetuses, or even that it plays an important role in attracting and providing a living environment for the “good bacteria” in your gut, but we are basically just as perplexed by this anomaly of the human body as we always have been.
The very blood that runs through our veins also holds mysteries. All human beings can be classified into different blood types, which have different enzymes that determine the types of sugars that stick to blood cells, and the main four types are classified as A, B, O, and AB. The differences between these types is such that for blood infusions it is a necessity that donors with compatible types be found. Yet why human beings should have different blood types in the first place has long remained an enigma. The closest we have come to an answer is that certain blood types and their antigens may be more useful for fighting off pathogens found in particular geographical areas of the world or that they have evolved for some other function, but there is no definitive reason and they are a mystery.
There is also the question of the very make-up of our bodies. It is no mystery that much of our body is made up of foreign agents, such as microbes, which compose around 1-3 per cent of our total body weight. This we know, and we even know the functions of some of the bacteria living in our bodies, such as helping with digestion, aiding healing, fighting infection, or keeping our skin clean, but there are vast numbers of these microbes that coexist with us and make up our bodies whose purposes we have no idea of. The fact that we have no clue what many of the microbes that make up so much of our bodies do is a sobering thought, and making it even more mysterious still is that among all of the bacteria permeating our bodies there are also quite a few viruses permanently floating about, even in healthy people, and it is a total mystery as to what function they are serving or why this should be.
Perhaps the biggest human body mystery of all, and the one we take for granted most, is the one that sits up in your head, the brain. It is a vast, supremely complex network of trillions and trillions of neural connections, a mind-boggling web that somehow runs and regulates our bodies, facilitates our mental functions, and bestows us with consciousness and self-awareness. How can this be? The full extent of the human brain and its workings are still little understood, and the most perplexing mystery of all is how this blob of jelly in our skulls gives us consciousness, spirituality, appreciation, self-awareness, love, art, literature, and everything else that makes us human. Neuroscientists still don’t know, and one neuroscientist, V.S. Ramachandran, has famously and eloquently summed it all up:
Any single brain, including yours, is made up of atoms that were forged in the hearts of countless, far-flung stars billions of years ago. These particles drifted for eons and light-years until gravity and chance brought them together here, now. These atoms now form a conglomerate — your brain — that can not only ponder the very stars that gave it birth but can also think about its own ability to think and wonder about its own ability to wonder. With the arrival of humans, it has been said, the universe has suddenly become conscious of itself. This, truly, is the greatest mystery of all.
It is spooky and profound to contemplate, indeed. Here we have looked at a selection of some of the baffling mysteries of the human body that, while they may be things that you take for granted every day, are nevertheless just as unknown, uncharted, and indeed impenetrable as the deepest unexplored sea, jungle, or the faraway landscape of some alien planet. Such aspects of our bodies and indeed who we are may one day be more fully understood, just as we will discover more of our universe as we continue our inexorable drive of exploration, but for now they remain strange frontiers that lie not out over the horizon or out past the stars, but right here with us now.
Sinister Visitors: “Both were no more than silhouettes”
A couple of days ago, I wrote an article on a strange MIB-themed case from the 1960s that Robert Goerman investigated. The article began as follows: “Born on March 3, 1952, Robert A. Goerman is a native of New Kensington, Pennsylvania. As an investigative scholar of unknown and unexplained phenomena, he has been fortunate enough to have his writings featured in national magazines and serve as source material for many books and popular television shows such as Unsolved Mysteries, The Unexplained, History’s Mysteries, Animal X, MonsterQuest, and Dark Matters: Twisted But True. Founded in June of 2012, his Nonhuman Research Agency explores encounters with mysterious strangers, beings, and creatures and studies interspecific relationships. Robert offers his very own insights into the Men in Black mystery, based upon his firsthand investigations of a very weird case from the 1960s that is steeped in menace of the black-colored kind. It is a case that has led Robert to some thought-provoking theories concerning the nature and actions of the MIB, too.”
Robert has generously given me permission to use the accounts he has sent me. The following from Robert demonstrates just how downright weird the MIB phenomenon really is. It’s an account that is focused on an MIB experience he had in the dream state. Interestingly, I receive from people a lot of very graphic, dream-based experiences with the Men in Black. It’s a situation which has led some witnesses/victims to suspect the MIB can literally “invade” their dreams and turn them into downright nightmares.
Over to Robert:
“Before you continue reading, let me preface this post by confessing that the MiB ‘visit’ was merely a dream shard. I would never even publish my experience if not for its curious physical aftermath. It is also necessary to point out that I have resided at my present residence for much of my life. This was my childhood home. It was inherited upon the passing of my parents. The bedroom that I now occupy as an adult was at one time shared for many years with my younger brother. There was barely enough room for two twin beds and a tiny writing nook where I documented my early research on a vintage Smith-Corona typewriter.
“The dream that I had shortly after midnight on Monday, July 18, 2016 found me seated at my writing nook as a young man (1969 or 1970) at night. I was typing a report about the Men in Black and uttered to myself that these scenarios echoed the MIB cases reported by Brad Steiger. My desk lamp was the only light source in the room. Movement off to my left caught my attention and I turned my head. Two Men in Black, wearing the classic fedoras, stood not six feet away, between the twin beds, blocking any hope at escape. The closest one was about my height. His companion was a head taller. Both were no more than silhouettes. There were no details. Escape was the last thing on my mind.
“I remember saying, ‘I have been looking forward to this,’ jumping up, and grabbing the shorter MIB by his arms between the elbows and shoulders. (Anecdotal information suggests that the MIB hate being touched by humans. I knew this.) BIG MISTAKE. It was like grabbing a high voltage tornado! In fact, the MIB became a whirling blur of time and space. My left arm was being ripped from its socket. I screamed that high-pitched scream that only excruciating pain can create. Pain beyond pain. Folks that have experienced certain traumatic accidents know exactly what I mean.
“Hearing my cries for help, my wife awakened me. I snapped fully awake to the horror that the pain in my left arm and shoulder was quite real. (My firsthand relationship with pain comes from the agony of a herniated disc that required spinal surgery and too many kidney stones.) I understand pain. This was real pain. Maybe not quite as extreme as those two previous examples… but still, as real as it gets. It took a healthy dose of Ibuprofen and the gentle working of the tender arm and shoulder to make things tolerable. Traces of soreness lasted most of the day. It is what it is.”
Weird Norfolk: Close Encounters of the Third Kind in Norfolk’s skies
Stacia Briggs and Siofra Connor
The image captured by Glen Webster on his camcorder in the sky over Norwich. Date: 11 Nov 1995.
Picture: EDP Library
More cynical readers might put the sudden spate of UFO sightings in the Norfolk town down to early celebrations for Bonfire Night, but those who saw the strange lights or gliding objects in the sky know that earthly pyrotechnics can’t explain what they witnessed. The first account of something strange in the sky was on November 2. Computer engineer Nick Colman was driving home from work when he saw a bright light tracking his car as he approached Aylsham – just hours later, a man telephoned police at Great Yarmouth, reporting a suspected UFO at Freethorpe.
Worried Nick, who was working for a computer company on the Sweetbriar Industrial Estate and was 30 at the time, watched as the light appeared in his rear view mirror and moved round to the side of his car before shooting up into the sky in front of him.
“At first I thought it might have just been a halogen lamp but when it started moving to the side of the car, where there was no road, I knew it wasn’t. It couldn’t have been a helicopter because it was too low to the ground and I have never known a helicopter shoot up so fast,” he said.
“I told about 20 people about it later that night and then I read about the sighting in Freethorpe. Someone told me if could have been a reflection in my windows but I was smoking a cigarette so my window was wound down.”
A man called Great Yarmouth police in the early hours of the next day, reporting a blue and white flashing disc over fields at Freethorpe. A police spokesman later told the Norwich Evening News that there had been no more reported sightings of the strange lights.
But there had been another sighting, a day after Mr Colman’s, this time in Appleyard Crescent in Norwich at around 8.15pm.
Painter and decorator Glenn Webster captured the extraterrestrial visitor on camera: in the video, a shape-shifting black object can be seen moving swiftly from side-to-side before spinning rapidly and zooming off into the Norfolk night.
Looking slightly like an axe-head (although the ‘bites’ out of the disc were later found to be caused by the camera’s zoom lens shutter), the strange-looking object excited some of the country’s top UFO experts.
So stunned was Mr Webster, 32, by what he saw that he tripped and fell while filming. His video clearly shows the shape first appearing in the sky over Norwich as a huge bright light zig-zagging from side to side. As Mr Webster ran outside to get a better shot of the object it zoomed off towards Yarmouth.
“I was stunned when I first saw it and reached for my camcorder. When I zoomed in on the shape I couldn’t believe it. I moved forward and tripped over my hi-fi. The object made no sound and I gasped when I saw it shoot towards the moon,” he said.
“I have always been a bit sceptical about this type of thing but this was simply amazing.”
The video was watched by Ian Simmons, British contributing editor of the Fortean Times, the journal of strange phenomena, who said: “the object doesn’t behave like anything we know about. It appears to be something which could well be extra-terrestrial.
“Originally I thought it sounded like the shape the afterburner of a jet fighter makes, but after watching the video, that can be ruled out. It’s too clearly
defined a shape and too large. Many other UFO sightings can be put down to views of the planet Venus, but that can also be ruled out in this case. This falls into the category of a very mysterious light, or shape. Many of the famous UFO sightings show a solid object.”
Norfolk UFO Society chairman Alex Clark said at the time: “Based on descriptions given so far, I have never heard of an object like this before. After watching the film we could decide to hand the tape over to the British UFO Research Association which has computer technology to make accurate assessments of size, colour and heat patterns.”
A spokesman for the Ministry of Defence told the Norwich Evening News in 1995: “The MoD does not normally investigate unless there is a Services interest. We are not aware of any evidence that this is a matter of defence concern.”
Local residents spotted UFO on same day pilots reported flying object sighting in Ireland
As the Irish Aviation Authority is investigating the unusual sightings of bright lights and UFOs reported by three commercial aircraft pilots, fresh reports of UFO sightings on the same day have now surfaced online. Popular conspiracy theory website 'Disclose.tv' has recently released an eerie clip that shows two bright lights hovering in the skies, and they claim that these visuals were shot in Northern Ireland, on the same day pilots spotted high-speeding bizarre objects.
In their website post titled 'Actual Footage Of The Ireland UFO Encounter', Disclose.tv reveals that the new sighting does correspond with one pilot's comment that there were two objects speeding in the skies.
"Dash-cam footage was uploaded by dash-cam by Sandy Laverty in Coleraine. Looks like a bolide to me. It does correspond with the one pilot's comment that there were two objects. However, that could be a coincidence," wrote Disclose.tv on their website.
The video soon went viral, and it has already racked up more than 18,500 views. As the video became popular, conspiracy theorists soon jumped to the conclusion that alien life is a reality, and made it clear that extraterrestrial beings from advanced civilizations used to visit earth to monitor our activities.
It was on November 09 that a British pilot initially spotted a flying object and contacted Shannon Air Traffic Control to know whether there are any military exercises going on. The air traffic control soon informed the pilot that there were no such activities in and around the area.
As per the testimonial from the British pilot, the object spotted in the skies initially come up along the left side of the aircraft before it rapidly moved to the North at a very high acceleration. The pilot also revealed that the UFO spotted in the skies had bright lights on its body.
Another pilot who witnessed this sighting revealed that the UFO was travelling at twice the speed of the sound.
However, some experts argue that the objects spotted by the pilots could be a meteor or asteroid. But adamant conspiracy theorists believe that a meteor will never change its trajectory like the object did while trailing the aircraft.
The truth is out there: was Kerry UFO really a meteor?Huge Alien Disclosure: Researcher Has Discovered How UFOs Are Coming to Earth (Video).jpg)
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'Space Age record' for cold temperatures in a matter of months, NASA warns
NASA scientists warn that the absence of sunspots could result in record-breaking cold temperatures above Earth in just a few months
An alarming new trend in the atmosphere could mean a significant drop in the temperature of the thermosphere, and it could happen sooner than anyone might have previously predicted.
Using NASA’s TIMED satellite, which measures changes in Earth’s atmosphere, scientists have determined that the atmosphere is losing heat energy. In a Space Weather feature, Dr. Mlynczak explained to Dr. Tony Philips how this development high above earth’s surface on the edge of space could bring record cold temperatures.
The usual sunspots seem to have disappeared for the majority of this year, leading to these massive losses of heat energy and causing the thermosphere to cool and shrink.
The SABER instrument installed on the TIMED satellite monitors infrared emissions from carbon dioxide and nitric oxide. Both substances are crucial in maintaining the overall balance of energy. Part of the SABER instrument is the Thermosphere Climate Index (TCI), created by a group of researchers lead by Dr. Mlynczak, which shows the number of heat trapping molecules such as carbon dioxide and nitric oxide being released into space. The current measurement of 33 billion watts of infrared power from nitric oxide is ten times less than what is considered normal during more active solar cycle phases. This frighteningly low number could lead to the record setting cold temperatures in a ‘matter of months’, according to Dr. Mlynczak.
Solar activity cycles generally last for approximately eleven years, and the prolonged inactivity of the past year, as evidenced by the lack of sunspots, could send temperatures plummeting in the thermosphere, which is a layer of gases located 60 to 180 miles (100 to 300 kilometres) above the planet’s surface.
Scientists do not yet understand the full implications for sunspots, but they occur in areas of strong magnetic activity as part of the eleven year solar cycle.
The particles in Earth’s atmosphere are agitated by the ultra-violet radiation given off by sunspots, which then causes those particles to heat up. With the absence of sunspots for the majority of this year resulting in a lack of agitation, this is what is causing the upper atmosphere to lose heat energy. Research seems to indicate that while there may be significant changes happening far above the Earth, it is unlikely to have much effect on the weather experienced on the planet’s surface. The absence of sunspots will not result in climate change.
During the Solar Minimum phase of the eleven year activity cycle the ultraviolet output of the sun drops substantially and Earth’s upper atmosphere reacts accordingly, says Dr. Martin Mlynczak.
The Solar Minimum phase also leads to an increase in the amount of space junk that can be allowed to accumulate in low Earth orbit.
Another effect is increased solar winds, which can be the cause of more lightning and abnormal cloud formation due to the alteration of the chemistry of the Earth’s upper atmosphere.
Air travel may also be affected as increased solar wind can increase the amount of radiation that is able to penetrate aircraft. Passengers traveling on long-haul flights may be exposed to doses of radiation equal to that of a dental x-ray. This also poses an additional risk for flight crews who spend many hours in the air.
Additionally, Solar Minimum may increase the effects of space weather and lead to the disruption of navigation technology and communications.
Early this year, cameras on board NASA 's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) satellite captured images of the sun’s surface which showed an unusual stillness amid the lack of sunspot activity in the magnetic field.
The predicted Solar Minimum low point was originally said to be coming in 2019 or 2020, according to calculations by NASA, but now researchers say the sunspots are disappearing at much faster rate than anticipated and that the current solar cycle may end sooner than thought.
Why does the lack of sunspots create disruptions for Earth?
Inactivity in the sun’s magnetic field leads to a decrease, or even cessation, of sunspot activity. Throughout the average eleven year solar cycle there are periods known as Solar Maximum, with more activity, and Solar Minimum, with little to no activity.
While sunspots and solar flares decrease during the Minimum, long lived phenomena such as coronal holes, are expected to increase. Coronal holes occur when the star’s magnetic field opens up into space, creating fast moving solar winds. As the sun’s magnetic field becomes less active solar winds become more prevalent and begin to bombard the Earth. Coronal holes allow charged particles to find their way into the solar system, hitting the atmosphere of the planet.
This results in complications such as magnetic storms, impacts satellite operations, causes power grid fluctuations, and can also affect the migration pattern of animals.
With all of these potential problems that can be caused by the drop in solar activity, people need to be aware and cautious.
WATCH NEXT
Amerikaans ruimtevaartbedrijf SpaceX mag 12.000 satellieten in de ruimte brengen - HLN.be
Bron: Belga
Ter vergelijking: sinds de Sovjetrussische Spoetnik in 1957 heeft de mensheid iets meer dan achtduizend objecten de ruimte ingeschoten, zo berekende het Ruimtevaartbureau van de Verenigde Naties. Het telt er nu nog 4.880, maar volgens het Amerikaanse leger zijn er minder dan 2.000 nog actief. De constellatie van SpaceX zal het aantal meervoudig opdrijven. En dan zijn er nog concurrerende projecten van andere bedrijven zoals OneWeb dat 900 satellieten voorziet.
De federale communicatiecommissie FCC liet weten dat zij de lancering van 7.518 kunstmanen door SpaceX heeft goedgekeurd, na in maart al het licht op groen voor 4.425 andere stuks te hebben gezet. Hiervan is nog geen enkel exemplaar gelanceerd. Het bedrijf van Elon Musk heeft zes jaar tijd om de helft van het pakket in de ruimte te brengen en negen jaar voor het geheel.
SpaceX wil die satellieten in een zeer lage baan opereren: een hoogte tussen 335 en 346 km, of onder de baan van het Internationaal Ruimtestation dat op ongeveer 400 km hoogte rond onze planeet wentelt. Probleem is dat een zo lage baan aanhouden moeilijk is en dat kleine satellieten een korte levensduur, enkele jaren, hebben. De FCC liet nog andere bedrijven toe honderden kunstmanen te lanceren: Kepler (140), Telesat (117) en LeoSat (78).
Bekijk ook:
‘Lancering SpaceX-satelliet kleurt lucht in Californië’
Could this be Atlantis? Ancient ruins flooded off the Spanish coast are the lost city declare UK satellite experts
The location of the lost city of Atlantis may finally have been discovered, according to one team of historians.
Ancient ruins examined using satellite imagery provide evidence that the city's huge harbour walls once stood in southern Spain, the experts say.
Many of the sites studied by the team were already known to archaeologists, and are thought to have been constructed by the ancient Romans and Greeks.
Now researchers at private satellite imaging firm Merlin Burrows claim to have found evidence that the sites were in fact built by a mysterious ancient people known as the Atlanteans.
Atlantis was recorded in the writings of Greek philosopher Plato, who in 400 BC described an advanced island civilisation that ruled a vast maritime empire, some 9,000 years before his own era.
The city of Atlantis at the centre of this empire was described as having an enormous harbour wall, huge entrance pillars, a temple to the god Poseidon and massive circular pieces of land carved out by the Atlanteans to live on.
It is thought a cataclysmic natural disaster, such as a tsunami or volcanic event, eventually wiped out the Atlanteans, consigning their legacy to legend.
Scientists are yet to find conclusive evidence that Atlantis existed. Many scholars believe Plato invented the story as a way to present his philosophical theories.
Picture shows what UK firm believes are the remnants of the harbour wall of Atlantis which was said to five-and-a-half miles long. Plato wrote that this wall was '50 stadia long' which would make it around five-and-a-half miles (9 km) in length
Image shows formations inside the Doñana National Park, Andalucia, Spain. They may be evidence of islands depicted by Plato in his story of Atlantis. The philosopher described how buildings were propped up on a mixture of natural and man made island structures
Pictured are a selection of the sites studied by the team at Merlin Burrows, a satellite imaging company based in Yorkshire. The white line shows where researchers believe the harbour wall described by Plato was built
Experts at Merlin Burrows believe the flooded ruins of the legendary city are off the coast of southern Spain.
The location is somewhere north of the city of Cadiz, Andalucía, centred around the Doñana National Park, which the historians believe was once a vast inland sea.
And they claim that south and north of the park there is further evidence of the ancient civilisation, with 15 other settlements dotted along the coastline.
Most of these settlements are believed to be of Roman or Greek origin by archaeologists, as each civilisation once occupied the area.
But now using unique satellite investigation techniques, aerial photography and ground observations of the site, British experts believe they have found all the features of Atlantis Plato described and evidence of how they were destroyed.
Although some scholars believe Atlantis to be a myth, Merlin Burrows claim their discoveries will once and for all prove the lost civilisation existed.
Maritime historian Tim Akers, head of research at Merlin Burrows, said not only had they discovered Atlantis, but also found the people were incredibly advanced.
He said 'laboratory analysis' of material recovered from Spain showed evidence of a type of cement not seen before, as well as ancient advanced metallurgy.
A greenish blue patina has been found covering some of the ruins which tests have shown is an ancient combination of metals.
He said: 'Plato describes in detail a patina on the buildings and structures of the cities and temples making up this complex.
'We have filmed clear evidence and have collected samples which have been scientifically tested in a lab in Modena, Italy, which is used to test ancient Roman finds.
'The results of the tests prove the age of the finds are older than Roman or Greek, and that they were more advanced.'
This image shows a computer mock-up of what the team believes the city of Atlantis would have looked like. Buildings were constructed on island platforms dotted throughout a stretch of inland sea that has since filled with sediment at what is now Doñana National Park in Spain
The city of Atlantis was described by Plato as having, among other features, an enormous harbour wall and huge entrance pillars. It had a temple to the god Poseidon and massive circular pieces of land carved out by the Atlanteans to live on
Aerial images of the site where Merlin Burrows believes Atlantis once stood show what they think is evidence of a harbour wall – an incredible 75 metres (245 ft) thick.
Plato wrote that this wall was '50 stadia long' which would make it around five-and-a-half miles in length.
Satellite images show what Merlin Burrows claim is evidence still visible today of sand dunes where this massive wall was destroyed by a huge influx of water.
The same water which eventually filled the inland sea with sediment and destroyed Atlantis.
Tim said: 'The site is spread over 100 miles from the Atlantic to the Mediterranean, as to age as yet we have been unable to give a fixed date for the beginning, but its end was at the last Ice Age around 10,000 years ago.
'At the centre of the line of coastal cities was one gigantic inland sea 65 miles long, filled with multiple islands, some natural, others man-made.
'The main complex consists of two distinct individual multi-Island platforms.
This radar scan from Merlin Burrows shows what they claim is a foundation that once help up a building of Atlantis. It was discovered on a beach in southern Spain
Image shows an aerial of some of the ancient structures which litter the western Andalucian coastline. Romans, Greeks both are recorded as settling there. However, British historians believe that many of the ruins were in fact part of the city of Atlantis
'And one is offset from the other so that anyone on those islands can see every island in the complex.
'It is unique, nowhere in our world is there anything resembling this, and the structures match exactly Plato's dimensions with no deviation. It is absolutely spot on.
'Investigations in Doñana lead to the conclusion that there have been two natural disasters (tsunamis) that caused the islands and dry areas to sink, one of which happened around 1500 BC and the other 200AD. There is also evidence of a tsunami event in the Bible.'
Merlin Burrows have now recorded a documentary film about their mission to reveal Atlantis called 'Atlantica'.
In the film the team visit sites they believe still show clues to the past people that once lived there, right up to the naming of the ancient town in the region Medina-Sidonia.
Pictured is the Dolmen of Menga, an incredible 5,500 year old burial tomb built into a mountain near the team's Atlantica site. They suggest the tomb may have formed a part of the ancient city of Atlantis
Aerial images of the site where Merlin Burrows believes Atlantis once stood show what they think is evidence of a harbour wall (pictured), which was an 75 metres (245 ft) thick
The settlement is believed to be the oldest city in Europe and its name means City of Sidon – the word Sidon which could be linked to Poseidon.
Tim said much of what Merlin Burrows have found today with their technology is thanks to Plato's original descriptions.
He said: 'Plato describes the location exactly and all we did was follow in his footsteps the way ancient seafarers would have travelled to the cities.
'We explain why, people have misunderstood the circles of Atlantis and why no one had seen these stunning complexes before.
'The site has both Tartessian, Greek, Phoenician, and Roman additions and our scans show multiple occupations over time till there final and ultimate destruction.
This image shows detail on a stone object on a beach north of Cadiz, Andalucia, Southern Spain. Merlin Burrows claims this structure dates back to the time of Atlantis and is not a later Greek or Roman artefact, as many archaeologists believe
Picture shows a beach north of Cadiz, Andalucia, Southern Spain. Merlin Burrows, a British satellite firm believes the beach hides the once massive harbour wall of Atlantis
'We only present the facts and try not to delve into speculation. What is unique in our presentation is all of this material has never been seen before.'
Now Merlin Burrows hope recognition of both their discovery and distribution of the film will help protect the region for future generations and secure funding for further study.
Tim said: 'To understand Atlantis is to understand the ways of ancient life as it was at the peak of human life on earth.
'We would hope that the people in southern Spain would benefit from the knowledge of their ancient past.
'That all the sites are protected, and in some cases moved, so we can all enjoy them in the future. Also, that the regions would benefit from the tourism both in work and other opportunities.
This computer generated image shows what the massive 75 metre wide, five-and-a-half-miles-long harbour wall that some believe protected Atlantis may have appeared
This image shows ancient structures on a beach near Cadiz, Andalucia, Southern Spain. The team believes these are from Atlantis, and not later Roman or Greek additions, which is currently the accepted origin by most archaeologists
'New museums and scientific study centres would enhance the economy and open active debates to the early origins of man.'
Documentary filmmaker Michael Donnellan has produced the film 'Atlantica' about Merlin Burrows discovery.
Michael, who has studied classical Greek and Minoan archeology, travelled to Southern Spain to film what Tim and the team of satellite historians had found.
He said: 'Finding and filming Atlantis has been life changing. Talk about a purpose.
'All my skillsets and passions have come together in the creation of this series of films. The discovery of Atlantis is monumental.
'Suddenly we know, not think, but know that humanity, in an advanced stage of development, existed, so long ago.
Pictured is a topographical scan of the area of the harbour wall remnants from Merlin Burrows. They claim the wall once guarded the entrace to a vast inland sea which today covers most of the area of Doñana National Park
'And had existed undisturbed for many thousands of years prior to its destruction.
'The imagination boggles when considering their capabilities. We have a lot we can learn from this civilization, to help move our own into a better future.'
Michael said that tests at the Modena Materials Analysis Laboratory in Italy on material taken from the site had revealed amazing results.
He said: 'The harbour wall seems to have had a coating that prevented barnacle growth, like modern Teflon.
'That requires highly advanced construction technologies and knowledge of chemistry.
'We've received overwhelming excitement about our discovery of Atlantis, including a great deal of feedback from our colleagues in academic circles as well.
Image shows Head of Research Tim Akers (left) and CEO Bruce Blackburn (right) from Merlin Burrows, in Harrogate, North Yorkshire
'It is for this reason we continue to include every science available to us, in order to verify all our finds are genuine, and to satisfy every angle we can.'
Material gathered from the Atlantis site, from the habour wall and from the pillars found on the beach, has been tested in Italy at a laboratory used to dealing with Roman finds.
Dr Giacomo Falanga, from the Modena Centro Prove, a chemical testing laboratory in Modena, Italy, said samples from the site included a variety of material.
He said: 'These structures contain binders, like calcite. The presence of mica, potassium, and other trace minerals show proof of artificial mixing of materials, so the samples we have tested are made from an ancient, prehistoric concrete.'
Andrea Carpi, a space materials engineer from the laboratory, said: 'We can confirm with certainty that the samples analysed were the creation of an ancient civilisation with advanced construction methods, which makes me believe that we're talking about a civilisation with very advanced technology.'
The location is somewhere north of the city of Cadiz, Andalucía, centred around the Doñana National Park, which the historians believe was once a vast inland sea
Satellieten spotten oude ruïnes voor de kust van Spanje. Is dit de verloren stad Atlantis?
De locatie van de verloren stad Atlantis is ontdekt, zo beweert althans een team historici.
Oude ruïnes die zijn geanalyseerd aan de hand van satellietbeelden bewijzen dat enorme havenmuren van een verloren stad voor de kust van Spanje ooit in Zuid-Spanje stonden, aldus de experts.
Onderzoekers van de firma Merlin Burrows claimen bewijs te hebben gevonden dat de ruïnes overblijfselen zijn van een stad die is gebouwd door een mysterieus volk, genaamd de Atlantiërs.
De Griekse filosoof Plato omschreef Atlantis als een hoogontwikkelde eilandbeschaving die zo’n 10.000 jaar geleden heerste over een enorm zeerijk.
De stad Atlantis zou hebben bestaan uit een enorme havenmuur, een tempel van Poseidon en verschillende concentrische ringen.
Experts van Merlin Burrows geloven dat de ruïnes voor de kust van Zuid-Spanje restanten zijn van de legendarische stad.
De ruïnes bevinden zich in de buurt van de stad Cadiz in Andalusië, waar volgens de historici ooit een binnenzee was.
Ze claimen dat ten zuiden en noorden van het nabijgelegen nationaal park Donana meer bewijzen zijn te vinden van een oude beschaving.
Zo zijn langs de kust resten gevonden van 15 andere nederzettingen.
Merlin Burrows zegt definitief te zullen bewijzen dat de verloren stad heeft bestaan.
Historicus Tim Akers van Merlin Burrows zei dat tijdens een analyse van het materiaal uit Spanje sporen zijn gevonden van een onbekende soort cement en hoogwaardige metaalbewerking.
Onze resultaten laten zien dat de stad ouder is dan de Romeinen of de Grieken en dat de beschaving die er leefde geavanceerder was, aldus Akers.
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Satellietbedrijf denkt ruïnes van Atlantis gevonden te hebben: voor de kust van Spanje - HLN.be
Bron: Daily Mail, The Sun
Het eilandenrijk Atlantis werd voor het eerst beschreven door de Griekse filosoof Plato. Hij had het over een vergevorderde beschaving, die heerste over een maritiem rijk, zo’n 11.000 jaar geleden. De hoofdstad zou gigantische havenmuren gehad hebben met grote zuilen, een tempel die gewijd was aan de zeegod Poseidon en cirkelvormige stukken land, waarop de bewoners leefden. Het rijk zou ten onder gegaan zijn door een enorme natuurramp, zoals een vulkaanuitbarsting of tsunami.
Bewijsmateriaal voor het bestaan van de beschaving werd tot nu toe niet gevonden en heel wat wetenschappers geloven dan ook dat de stad een hersenspinsel was van Plato, waarmee hij zijn filosofische theorieën probeerde uit te leggen. Daar denkt Merlin Burrows anders over.
Volgens het bedrijf liggen de ruïnes van de beschaving voor de Spaanse kust, ten noorden van de stad Cadiz. In de buurt van nationaal park Doñana, waarvan wetenschappers denken dat het ooit een binnenzee was. En het beweert dat er ook ten noorden en ten zuiden van het park bewijsmateriaal te vinden is van de oude beschaving, in de vorm van resten van 15 andere nederzettingen in zee. (lees hieronder verder)
Merlin Burrows@BruceMerlinBCheck out the short film on this piece by the Sun #INGENIO - #MERLINBURROWS - #ATLANTIShttps://bit.ly/2K83Qnf
Ancient flooded ruins off Spanish coast are lost city of Atlantis, satellite experts claim
Ancient flooded ruins off the Spanish coast are the lost city of Atlantis, a UK team of satellite historians claim. Antiquity specialists Merlin Burrows believe the ruins of the legendary civiliza…
thesun.co.uk
De experts gebruikten satellietbeelden, luchtfotografie en grondobservaties om hun vaststellingen te doen en vonden naar eigen zeggen opmerkelijke parallellen met het verhaal van Plato. Volgens Tim Akers – een maritiem geschiedkundige die de onderzoeksafdeling bij Merlin Burrows leidt – zouden de bewoners bovendien erg ontwikkeld geweest zijn. Zo werd een type cement gevonden dat nooit eerder werd gezien en werden er geavanceerde metalen gebruikt. Sommige ruïnes waren bedekt met een turquoise legering, zoals die beschreven werd door de Griekse filosoof.
Stalen van het materiaal werden getest in een gespecialiseerd laboratorium in het Italiaanse Modena, het Modena Centro Prove, dat vooral Romeinse resten onderzoekt. “Ze bleken ouder dan de bekende Griekse en Romeinse resten en verder ontwikkeld”, aldus Akers.
“De stalen bestonden uit oud, prehistorisch beton”, aldus dr. Giacomo Falanga van het Modena Centro Prove. Zijn collega Andrea Carpi voegt toe: “De stalen werden met zekerheid gemaakt door een eeuwenoude beschaving met geavanceerde bouwmethodes. Het doet me geloven dat we het over een beschaving hebben die technologisch ver ontwikkeld was.”
Volgens Merlin Burrows is op luchtbeelden ook bewijs te zien van een havenmuur die 75 meter dik was. Volgens Plato strekte die zich uit over een afstand van 8,8 kilometer. Op satellietbeelden zijn duinen te zien op de plaats waar de muur vernietigd zou zijn door het water. Hetzelfde water dat de binnenzee vulde met sediment en een einde maakte aan Atlantis.
“De hele site strekt zich uit over een oppervlakte van 160 kilometer, van de Atlantische Oceaan tot de Middellandse Zee”, aldus Akers. “Ongeveer in het midden van al die nederzettingen was een gigantische binnenzee van 100 kilometer lang, waarin verscheidene eilanden lagen. Sommige waren natuurlijk, andere door de mens gemaakt. Het hoofdcomplex bestond uit twee platformen van waaruit je de hele eilandengroep kon zien. We weten niet wanneer de beschaving gesticht werd, maar vermoeden dat ze verdween op het einde van de laatste ijstijd, zo’n 10.000 jaar geleden.”
Volgens Akers is er nergens ter wereld iets soortgelijks te vinden en komen de structuren in dimensie exact overeen met wat Plato schreef. Twee tsunami’s – eentje in 1500 voor Christus en eentje in 200 na Christus – zouden de laatste resten van de eilanden verzwolgen hebben.
Het bedrijf liet intussen een documentaire filmen over de ontdekking – Atlantica – die later uitkomt. Er werd al een trailer online gezet. Met het project hoopt Merlin Burrows het gebied te beschermen voor de toekomst en fondsen te verzamelen voor verder onderzoek.
Hidden Crater Under Greenland May Explain Sudden Climate Change
Those looking to bolster their argument that not all climate change is manmade may have received an early Christmas gift – researchers have found a massive hidden asteroid impact crate under Greenland whose age coincides with the beginning of a previously unexplained cooling period about 12.000 years ago. Does this change everything?
“The crater is exceptionally well-preserved, and that is surprising, because glacier ice is an incredibly efficient erosive agent that would have quickly removed traces of the impact. But that means the crater must be rather young from a geological perspective.”
In a press release announcing the study “A large impact crater beneath Hiawatha Glacier in northwest Greenland” published in the current edition of Science Advances, co-author Professor Kurt H. Kjær from the Center for GeoGenetics at the Natural History Museum of Denmark describes how researchers first found signs pointing to the existence of the crater under Greenland’s ice sheet in July 2015. It was not far from where a 20-ton iron meteorite had been discovered, but that wasn’t enough to connect the dots.
Is any part of Greenland not covered by glaciers?
A German research plane from the Alfred Wegener Institute flew over the Hiawatha Glacier and, using a new ice radar system, was able to better image the depression and added to the evidence, exciting NASA glaciologist Joseph MacGregor. (Pictures here.)
“A distinctly circular rim, central uplift, disturbed and undisturbed ice layering, and basal debris. It’s all there.”
Surface expeditions in 2016 and 2017 collected samples of sediment washed out from under the depression and found the missing link.
“Some of the quartz sand washed from the crater had planar deformation features indicative of a violent impact, and this is conclusive evidence that the depression beneath the Hiawatha Glacier is a meteorite crater.”
The crater measures more than 31 km (19.25 miles) in diameter, which puts the size of the iron meteorite at 1 km (.6 miles) wide and puts the impact in the top 25 of Earth impact craters, making it a good candidate for causing ecological disasters. Ice layers show it’s at least 12000 years old and rock erosion samples say it’s no more than 3 million years old.
It’s the more recent date that has scientists linking the event to the Younger Dryas period – a sudden unexplained cooling during a time of global warming after the last ice age. Occurring about 12,900 to 11,700 years ago, geological records in the Northern Hemisphere indicate a swift drop in temperatures of 2 to 6 degrees Celsius (3.6 to 10.8 degrees Fahrenheit), increases in glacier ice and cold waters in the Atlantic and general drier conditions. While the cooling was widespread, a few areas, southeastern North America for one, had a slight warming. The Younger Dryas coincided with a number of human cultures shifting from hunting and nomadic life to agriculture and settlements. In North America, the Clovis culture declined and a number of animal species went extinct.
All of these things could certainly have been caused by a meteor impact of catastrophic size. Is that the answer to the cause of the Younger Dryas that scientists have been searching for?
“The next step in the investigation will be to confidently date the impact. This will be a challenge, because it will probably require recovering material that melted during the impact from the bottom of the structure, but this is crucial if we are to understand how the Hiawatha impact affected life on Earth.”
Sounds like Kjær is making his plans for next summer. Pack a parka, professor!
St. Helens Woman Captures Video Of UFO
If witnessing unidentified flying objects over your home isn’t frightening enough, imagine seeing them during two consecutive nights. This is exactly what happened to St. Helens resident Michelle Gabrielli who documented the UFOs with pictures and a video.
She claimed that she saw at least fifteen odd looking lights in the sky that were flying apart before joining back together. While skeptics believe that the lights could have been either planes flying to the Portland airport or even several drones lighting up the night sky, Gabrielli isn’t quite sure as to what she witnessed. “I don’t know what that was last night,” she explained. “I don’t know. I can only speculate…it’s an unidentified flying object…that we didn’t do.”
See the UFO here:
It’s very possible that what she saw was indeed something of alien origin, as Oregon is ranked second in the United States for the most reported UFO sightings. In fact, Portland has the highest number of UFO sightings in the entire state. And since St. Helens is only around 30 miles away from Portland, the fact that Ms. Gabrielli’s claimed to have seen UFOs is definitely not unheard of. On the other hand, it’s a little odd that she only captured documentation of one flying object, so where were the other fourteen?
Michelle Gabrielli’s experience is only one of thousands of sightings around the state. According to research conducted by Oregon MUFON (Mutual UFO Network), over 2,000 UFO sightings have been reported all over the state in the last 70 years, specifically in the 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s.
One of the most famous UFO sightings happened on June 25, 1947 when a pilot named Ken Arnold was flying his plane in the Pacific Northwest between Mount Rainier and Mount Adams when he witnessed “nine saucer-like aircraft flying in formation” at a height of between 9,500 and 10,000 feet and at a speed of approximately 1,200 miles per hour – faster than any aircraft on the planet. He also explained that the nine objects looked like the “tail of a Chinese kite.”
In McMinnville, Oregon on May 11, 1950, married farmers Evelyn and Paul Trent saw a hovering disc-shaped object that they were lucky enough to be able to photograph. In fact, that incident inspired McMinnville’s yearly UFO Festival which is said to be second-biggest celebration in the entire country.
Another famous sighting happened in 1959 when a police officer named Robert Dickerson was driving around Redmond, Oregon when he witnessed a huge bright object hovering over the city at an elevation of around 200 feet. He said that the object was so low that it illuminated the tops of several trees. And it wasn’t only the officer that saw the UFO. Apparently an administrator at the Redmond Airport also saw the unidentified object.
See the pictures of the McMinnville sighting here:
There have been countless UFO sightings in the Pacific Northwest over the decades, especially in Oregon. Whether there are natural explanations for the sightings such as weather balloons and drones, or if in fact cities all over the United States and around the world are being visited by aliens, one thing for certain is that the UFO craze is as strong now as it ever was. If you keep your eyes focused on the sky when you’re outside, you may just see something unexplained.
Strange Visitors: “I can find you anywhere, any time”
Born on March 3, 1952, Robert A. Goerman is a native of New Kensington, Pennsylvania. As an investigative scholar of unknown and unexplained phenomena, he has been fortunate enough to have his writings featured in national magazines and serve as source material for many books and popular television shows such as Unsolved Mysteries, The Unexplained, History’s Mysteries, Animal X, MonsterQuest, and Dark Matters: Twisted But True. Founded in June of 2012, his Nonhuman Research Agency explores encounters with mysterious strangers, beings, and creatures and studies interspecific relationships. Robert offers his very own insights into the Men in Black mystery, based upon his firsthand investigations of a very weird case from the 1960s that is steeped in menace of the black-colored kind. It is a case that has led Robert to some thought-provoking theories concerning the nature and actions of the MIB, too. With that all said, over to Robert:
“One bizarre Pennsylvania case (that I personally investigated) began on the night of January 20, 1967, when Mrs. Walter Kushner and her two daughters, Susan (17) and Tanya (14) and a close friend of the girls, Marianne Williamson (16), witnessed a brilliant UFO drop below the cloud cover and maneuver at high speed while the four were returning to the Kushner’s Pittsfield residence. Hours later, as the three girls enjoyed a ritual teenage slumber party, they spotted a peculiar light shimmering through the closed curtains of Susan’s bedroom.
“Without warning, the drapes parted of their own volition and a small triangular object hovering a few feet from the house began beaming brilliant light into the bedroom. When the triangle moved to another window, the curtains repeated their opening act and the intensity of light emanating from the object increased. At this point, the girls became quite frightened and decided to retreat. ‘It’ had different ideas.
“All three girls found themselves unable to move or cry out. Sheer terror escalated to fervent prayers for help. After what seemed like an eternity, the siege ended. Although their freedom of movement was restored, a weird dizzy sensation haunted the girls for an hour. The girls awoke Mrs. Kushner and tearfully described the party crasher and their fear that ‘it’ might return. Mother eventually got the trio settled down and after much discussion decided that it would be for the best if everyone simply forgot an incident that nobody would believe anyway. All agreed.
“Things were back to normal when shortly after the dinner hour on Saturday, exactly one week following the horrific pajama party, two men arrived at the Kushner household. They identified themselves as military investigators and flashed what appeared to be United States Air Force identification. Both men wore tan trench-coats which they kept buttoned from knee to collar. The taller of the two, who, according to the family’s testimony, did all the talking, was described as having blond hair, green eyes, was thin and deeply tanned. The other gentleman was heavyset with dark hair, piercing blue eyes and was also deeply tanned.
“Mrs. Kushner explained that both men wanted every shred of information regarding the UFO that the girls claimed had intimidated them. Neither parent can explain to this day why they allowed their children to be so intensely grilled by these ‘government agents.’ These characters moved about the house with apparently total knowledge of the whereabouts of rooms, furniture, objects, et cetera. When asked how the Air Force learned of the UFO sightings, the taller one responded with, ‘We know a lot of things, a lot of things.’
“Although compelled to accept the situation, the family felt that something seemed off-center, something that, for whatever reason, they couldn’t quite put their finger on until after the officers departed. Sue noted that their clothes looked as if they had purchased them in a clothing store ten minutes before and even the bottom of their shoes seemed unwalked on in appearance. The cigarette pack held by the taller one was unopened (and stayed that way) and even his wallet was brand new.
“While the taller of the two showed his captive audience a loose-leaf notebook with professionally printed schematic diagrams and photos of both the exterior and interior views of various types of UFO-type craft, Sue watched the shorter officer secretly write in an elongated notebook not unlike those used by stenographers. Catching him off guard, she was amazed to see him writing strange symbols in vertical columns, starting from the left, going down one column, up the next, down the third, up the fourth, et cetera. Being accustomed to standard shorthand, Sue had no idea of the graphic’s origin.
“Meanwhile, the talkative officer continued to mystify his audience, telling them that UFOs were nothing more than secret U. S. experimental devices which have never harmed persons or property and that public disclosure of seeing one up close could result in criminal prosecution. When Tanya asked how the family could get in touch with them should there be another sighting, the officer replied, ‘I can find you anywhere, any time.’ When these military men finally left, they backed their vehicle out onto the roadway, extinguished the headlights and zoomed off into the night. It is against Pennsylvania commonwealth traffic laws, and all common sense and safety, to drive after sunset without suitable lighting. These gentlemen probably had no connection with the United States Air Force.
“Men in Black are neither hallucinations nor hoaxes. But what do these visitations represent? Role-playing covert government operatives? Nonhumans acting human? Maybe a little of both. Maybe something beyond our comprehension. Odd appearance and bizarre behavior does not certify the existence of nonhumans among us. However, dissolving coins and cars raise interesting questions. Our failure to understand these events in no way negates their validity.
“These visitations represent entity contact at its most accessible in that entire families have endured grueling visits by these mystery men and many witnesses are harassed more than once. These visitations represent entity contact at its most elusive. Parents wonder why they allowed their children to be so intensely grilled by these strangers. Victims speak of being unable to think or react normally until after the mysterious visitors leave. To some, this suggests altered states of consciousness or subliminal hypnotic techniques. What if the MIB visit you? Will you be witty and clever and insist they pose for a snapshot? Or will you be a deer in headlights and spend your tomorrows wondering why?”
Mystery as shopper spots UFO in skies above Exeter
There are various theories over what it might be
Rom Preston-Ellis News Reporter
The strange sight was seen the skies above Exeter
A shopper was left mystified after a UFO appeared in the sky above Exeter's Ikea store.
Steve Shaw saw the glowing sight moving through sky at around 4.30pm on Wednesday.
Perplexed at what it might be, he sent photos to DevonLive.com and shared the images on social media.
"I was leaving Ikea when I looked up and saw the trail of light in the sky," said Steve, who lives in Torquay.
"It looked like something was falling but I couldn't work out what it was.
"As first I was worried it might be something that was about to land on earth but there have been no reports of that since it happened.
"I've been told that it's likely to be the result of a vapour trail from a plane but you couldn't see any aircraft nearby at the time.
"Someone else said it could have been a meteorite coming too close to the atmosphere.
"Either way I was curious to know what it might be."
1. A plane's vapour trail
Vapour trail are line-shaped clouds produced by aircraft engine exhaust or changes in air pressure, typically at aircraft cruise altitudes several miles above the Earth's surface. Contrails are made up mainly of water, in the form of ice crystals.
Depending on the temperature and humidity at the height the contrails form, they may be visible for only a few seconds or minutes, or may persist for hours and spread to be several miles wide, eventually resembling natural clouds.
2. A meteoroid burning up
As meteors fall through the atmosphere, they tend to fall at enormous speeds of around 26 miles per second. This process creates a lot of friction and a lot of heat.
The surface of the meteor starts to vaporize when it reaches about 1100 degrees Celsius causing a glow to light up the sky.
3. A satellite flare
Satellite flares are caused by the reflective surfaces of passing satellites, reflecting sunlight toward the Earth below and appearing as a bright 'flare'.
The time and place of the satellite's flare can be predicted only be predicted when the direction and location of its orbit is known.
4. Aliens
Perhaps the most unlikely of the four options but lots of people are convinced that aliens exist.
Just last month a UFO researcher said he wanted to contact a trio of teenagers who reported a close encounter of the third kind in Devon 40 years ago.
Terry Hooper-Scharf, a naturalist and historian who runs the Anomalous Observational Phenomena Facebook Page, says the youngsters, who will now all be in their 50s, reported seeing a number of UFOs in the sky after leaving a youth club in Buckfastleigh.
Emerging from the mists of Dartmoor is Supernatural Devon, a spine-chilling new Facebook group from Devon Live.
From campfire tales of ghosts and ghouls passed down through generations of Devonians, to 'UFOs' and strange beasts captured on modern smart phones - this is a place to share your story.
From the Hairy Hands of Dartmoor to the Beast of Bodmin, we'll also be showcasing the most famous - and infamous - tales of terror in the county the archives of newspapers which stretch back hundreds of years.
Northern Ireland' emerges on SAME DAY pilots reported sighting
Northern Ireland' emerges on SAME DAY pilots reported sighting
SHOCKING footage what what's claimed to be a UFO flying over Northern Ireland was captured on the same day pilots reported seeing a similar phenomenon in the Republic of Ireland.
By Matt Drake
SHOCK: The shocking footage was captured on a dash cam (Pic: NC)
UFO spotted in Derry
The dash-cam footage was uploaded by Sandy Laverty in Coleraine and posted by conspiracy channel Disclose.TV.
It appears to capture two strange bright objects flying across the sky, which also coincides with similar reports by the pilots.
The first sighting recorded by a British Airways pilot flying a Boeing 747 jet from Montreal to Heathrow over Kerry was at 6.47am.
She described seeing an object coming up along the left-hand side of her aircraft before it "rapidly veered to the north".
But the dash-cam footage shows the suspected UFO at 6.44am, only minutes before.
Disclose.TV said the two sightings “could be a coincidence”, but if they are related then the UFOs must have travelled hundreds of miles in a matter of minutes.
The dash cam shows two glowing objects in the distance come into view before disappearing suddenly.
There is no footage of the initial sightings by the pilots, but audio has emerged of the pilot speaking to Air Traffic Control.
The Irish Aviation Authority has launched an investigation into the incident after the Shannon Airport Air Traffic Control unit was asked if any “military exercises” were taking place.
Terrifyingly, air traffic controllers replied saying: “There is nothing showing on either primary or secondary [radar].”
The concerned pilot replied: “OK. It was moving so fast", before adding that she was "wondering" what it could be.
The pilot goes on to describe how a bright light sped past the aircraft heading north at a “very high speed”.
After her report, another pilot from Virgin Airlines revealed that they also saw "multiple objects " which were "very bright".
The Virgin Airlines pilot discussing the possibility of a meteor with “multiple objects following the same sort of trajectory”.
Another pilot added their shock at the speed of the unidentified object, saying the acceleration was “astronomical, it was like Mach 2”.
RELATED ARTICLESIs de ‘ruimtesigaar’ een buitenaardse technologie? Deze astronoom denkt van wel
Een jaar na de ontdekking van zijn passage langs de aarde blijft het interstellaire object ‘Oumuamua de wetenschappelijke wereld beroeren. ‘Verkeerd zijn is niet zo erg, daar leren we uit,’ wuift astrofysicus Avi Loeb de kritiek op zijn hypothese weg.
Was het een rotsachtige asteroïde of eerder een ijzige komeet? Toen het stof van de ontdekking in oktober 2017 was gaan liggen, besloten de betrokken astronomen dat ‘Oumuamua – Hawaiaans voor boodschapper die van ver komt – een komeet moest zijn, al bleef zijn vreemde traject onverklaarbaar. Begin deze week publiceerden Amerikaanse astrofysici een nieuwe hypothese: ‘Oumuamua is een door zonlicht aangedreven object dat misschien het eerste bewijs is van een buitenaardse technologie in ons zonnestelsel. Ze hadden de paper al op 8 november op het open acces platform Arxiv.org gepost, waar het bericht eerst door bloggers en nadien via twitter gretig werd verspreid. Er volgden vooral negatieve commentaren.
De hoofdauteur is niet de eerste de beste. Abraham (Avi) Loeb is naast Harvard-professor astronomie ook oprichter en directeur van het Black Hole Initiative en voorzitter van de adviesraad van Breakthrough Starhot. Starshot wil later dit millenium met lichtzeilen de dichtstbijzijnde ster Alpha Centauri verkennen. Eos sprak Loeb op de Falling Walls-conferentie in Berlijn.
Loeb: ‘Het is het eerste object uit een ander zonnestelsel dat we vanaf de aarde detecteerden. Het is zoals een buitenlandse gast die aan je dis aanschuift. Door die gast te bestuderen en te doorgronden leer je het andere land beter kennen zonder dat je een vliegtuigticket moet kopen om ter plaats te gaan. Van ‘Oumuamua hebben we jammer genoeg geen beeld. Maar terwijl het object roteert krijg je de variatie in de hoeveelheid weerkaatsend zonlicht te zien. Hier was de variatie in helderheid erg hoog, veel meer dan je bij kometen of asteroïden kan verwachten. Berekeningen laten zien dat het object vijf keer zo lang is als het breed is, bij asteroïden in ons zonnestelsel treffen we maximum factor 3 aan.
De beweging van het object lijkt te suggereren dat het afkomstig is uit wat astronomen de Local Standard of Rest noemen, een punt in de melkweg dat een snelheid heeft die gelijk is aan de gemiddelde snelheid van de sterren in de buurt van de zon. Dat vormt eigenlijk een perfecte camouflage. Als je niet tot een bepaalde ster wil behoren, dan bevind je je best in dat referentiekader. Slechts een op de 500 sterren beweegt er net zo traag.
Tot slot lijkt ‘Oumuamua een koud object, een goede reflector, maar geen goede opslorper van zonlicht. Het meest intrigerende is dat zijn traject afwijkt van wat je zou verwachten op basis van de zwaartekracht van de zon. Er lijkt een extra kracht te zijn die erop inwerkt. Bij kometen kennen we zo’n kracht. De verdamping van ijs op het oppervlak stuwt kometen voort. Maar bij ‘Oumuamua zien we geen komeetstaart.
Loeb: ‘Ik denk dat zonlicht het object voortdrijft. Om effectief te zijn, moet het dun zijn. Minder dan een millimeter dik, en ten minste 20 meter in omvang. Het is precies een zeil. Net zoals de wind een zeilboot vooruit duwt, kan lichtreflectie zogenaamde lichtzeilen voortstuwen. Deze technologie bestuderen we hier op aarde om de ruimte te exploreren. Je hoeft dan geen brandstof mee te voeren. Bij conventionele raketten verhindert de brandstof dat je hoge snelheden kan bereiken. Lichtzeilen gebruiken enkel licht en kunnen in principe de lichtsnelheid bereiken. Dat is ook de technologie die Starshot vooropstelt. Ik ben adviseur van dat project en het inspireerde me om in deze richting te denken.
Als ‘Oumuamua een lichtzeil is, dan kun je je afvragen of het kunstmatig is gemaakt. Kan het een message in a bottle van een andere beschaving zijn? Het is alsof je naar het strand gaat en kijkt naar de schelpen die aanspoelen. Die getuigen allemaal over hun verschillende, natuurlijke afkomst. Maar af en toe vind je een plastic fles en die heeft een andere, artificiële oorsprong.’
Loeb: ‘Als wetenschapper heb ik niets liever dan bewijs. Ik zou blij zijn als we beelden hadden van dit object. Als het eruit zou zien als een stuk rots, dan hoefde ik deze paper niet te schrijven. Maar dan nog zou je die extra kracht moeten verklaren. Misschien hebben astronomen die de data verzameld hebben (van het Pan-STARRS consortium, red.) zich vergist, dat is altijd mogelijk. Ik baseer me op hun analyses. Maar ze zijn wel gereputeerd en hun resultaten verschenen in Nature.
Er zijn twee manieren om meer informatie te krijgen. Ofwel gaan we op jacht naar dit object, maar daarvoor beweegt het te snel. Van Spoetnik tot en met New Horizons zijn onze raketten niet sneller geworden. Maar misschien beschikken we binnen twee decennia wel over de technologie. Dat is niet te laat, want dit object heeft duizenden jaren nodig om doorheen het zonnestelsel te raken. In het andere geval zoeken we andere objecten van dezelfde klasse. Binnen een paar jaar is de Large Synoptic Survey Telescope klaar, die veel gevoeliger is. Mensen vragen me hoe groot de kans is dat ‘Oumuamua een artificieel voorwerp is. Ik weet het niet en ik zeg dan dat alles op bewijs en meer data moet rusten. Niet op de vele vooroordelen die de afgelopen dagen de ronde deden.’
Loeb: ‘Wetenschappers moeten bewijzen zoeken en niet op voorhand alle afwijkende meningen veroordelen. We kunnen leren uit de geschiedenis van de wetenschap. Mensen waren er lang stellig van overtuigd dat de zon rond de aarde draaide. Maar het was verkeerd. Galilei heeft daarvoor huisarrest gekregen. Hij zei dat de welgevormde opinie van één persoon meer waard is dan de authoriteit van duizenden, waarmee hij de kerk bedoelde.
Het is niet verboden om over buitenaardse beschavingen na te denken. Het is een kwestie van bescheidenheid. Wie beweert dat we uniek zijn, de enigen in het universum, stelt zich arrogant op. Een kwart van de sterren in de melkweg hebben planeten die op de aarde lijken, en waar de voorwaarden voor leven aanwezig zijn. Je dobbelt en de kans dat je elders leven aantreft, microbieel of zelfs intelligent, is vrij groot.
Loeb: ‘Volgens mij zijn intelligente beschavingen korte levens beschoren. Technologie groeit exponentieel, ook bij ons. Ik rij met een auto vol gadgets die drie jaar geleden nog niet bestonden. In een paar decennia kan technologie een beschaving vernietigen. Mogelijk gedragen ze zich zoals wij, en geven ze niet om hun planeet of om elkaar. We zouden op zoek moeten gaan naar resten van dode beschavingen. Een soort ruimtearcheologie bedrijven.’
Loeb: ‘Ik publiceer ongeveer veertig artikelen per jaar, en met deze heb ik gedaan wat ik altijd doe, namelijk na acceptatie in het online archief Arxiv.org plaatsen. Als dit een publiciteitsstunt moest worden, dan zijn we zeer incompetent. Dan hadden we beter de geijkte weg gevolgd, namelijk publicatie voorbereiden, persbericht onder embargo, advertenties uitsturen en gecoördineerd het nieuws loslaten. De Breakthrough Initiatives, die Starshot betaalt, was niet betrokken en stuurde geen persbericht uit. Ik ben enkel de auteur van een paper die veel aandacht kreeg. Ik had het niet verwacht, en ook niet gewenst. Ik heb die aandacht niet nodig.’
Loeb: ‘Als we nu al over de Starshot-lichtzeilen zouden beschikken, dan zeker. Daarmee kunnen we Pluto in een paar dagen bereiken in plaats van de 9,5 jaar die New Horizons nodig had. We zouden het object in enkele minuten te pakken hebben. Voorlopig hebben we niks beter dan raketten. Het is logischer om te veronderstellen dat ‘Oumuamua een van de vele objecten is en gewoon te wachten op de volgende.’
Loeb: ‘Als ik iets weird zie, dan wil ik erover praten en niet wachten tot alles klip-en-klaar is. Wetenschappers moeten veel meer communiceren met het publiek, zeker nu populisten ons willen doen geloven dat er overal informatie achtergehouden wordt. Wetenschap is een leerproces. In het begin heb je weinig informatie, maar gaandeweg ontwikkel je ideeën die je test en uiteindelijk kom je met een oplossing. Ik volg in deze de stelregel van Sherlock Homes: ‘Als je het onmogelijke hebt uitgesloten, moet alles wat overblijft, hoe onwaarschijnlijk ook, de waarheid zijn.’
Als wetenschapper spiegel ik mij aan kinderlijke nieuwsgierigheid. Kinderen vragen dingen zonder rekening te houden met de mening van anderen, ze willen gewoon het antwoord weten. Sommige van mijn collega’s schuwen populaire onderwerpen, maar ik vind dat we moeten ingaan op vragen die het grote publiek interesseren. De zoektocht naar primitief of intelligent leven is zo’n onderwerp. Voor het overige wil ik vooral onafhankelijk mijn onderzoek voeren. Ik heb lak aan wat anderen denken.’
Shmuel Bialy en Abraham Loeb, ‘Could Solar Radiation Pressure Explain ‘Oumuamua’s Peculiar Acceleration?’; The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 12 november 2018; link https://arxiv.org/pdf/1810.11490.pdf
Het wordt met de dag waarschijnlijker dat we buitenaards leven zullen ontdekken. Misschien zijn wij dat zelf wel. Nogal wat avonturiers dromen van een verregaande verkenning van de kosmos. Een kolonie op Mars is daarin slechts een tussenstap naar andere, meer leefbare planeten. Wat houdt ons nog tegen? Lees het in dit themanummer.
Solar Warden ⊗ Secret Space Program From Reagan’s Presidency?
Solar Warden | The discovery made by the hacker who entered NASA’s databases is fabulous. Gary McKinnon said he found enough information that Americans would have a secret space program run by the Navy.
After 10 years of fighting in court for having illegally accessed NASA’s computers, the hacker is talking about the findings he has made at the time, writes Business Magazine.
Gary McKinnon thinks he has found enough evidence to assert that the Americans have a secret space program run by the Navy, that is, spaceships.
According to metro.co.uk, all the details are reported in an ample interview with RichPlanet TV, known for its UFO programs: “We used a program called Landsearch to help us access all the tabs and folders.”
“There we found an Excel file named” Non-Terrestrial Officers “(the officers from outside the Earth).
The file contained names and ranks, and material transfers were specified between ships, and the name of the spacecraft began with the USS”
On April 13, 2009, the US National Archives of Administration provided nearly 250,000 pages of documents during the Reagan administration, including its Personal Journal. In this, on 11 June 1985, the president wrote:
“WE HAVE LUNCH WITH 5 TOP SCIENTISTS IN THE FIELD OF AEROSPACE.” IT WAS FASCINATING. “SPACE IS REALLY THE LAST FRONTIER, AND SOME OF THE DEVELOPMENTS THERE IN ASTRONOMY ARE SCIENCE FICTION UNLESS THEY ARE REAL. LEARNED THAT OUR TRANSFER CAPACITY IS SUCH THAT WE COULD PUT 300 PEOPLE IN ORBIT. ”
Ronald Reagan was an American politician and actor who served as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989.
This is curious because Space Shuttle has a maximum of 8 people and only 5 for space flight.
Even fully loaded it would be impossible to place and maintain 300 astronauts in orbit.
Reagan has revealed the existence of a highly classified space program that could host hundreds of astronauts in orbit?
It seems that according to military and corporate “informants” there is, along with dozens of other secret programs of the Pentagon, a highly ranked program of the Strategic Command.
It would include a fleet of medium-sized ships and accompanying ships with anti-gravitational technology operating in space.
The US organized its military forces in a unitary command of 10 combatants headed by a four-star general or admiral who reports directly to the Secretary of Defense. Six of the unified forces comprise different geographic areas around the globe.
In addition, there are four functional commands that are specialized in military activities and are run by a single commander.
Between 1985 and 2002, the Space Command was responsible for space operations in the US Army. In June 2002, the Space Command merged with the Strategic Command, which is responsible for activities such as nuclear missiles, satellites, and more.
Rumours like the US would hold a highly classed fleet of anti-gravity propellers, circulated for years.
On March 23, 1993, at an engineering conference in Los Angeles, Dr Ben Rich, a former CEO of Lockheed’s Skunkworks, showed a black space-driven slide and said: “We now have the ET technology home”.
Military and corporate informants say they have first-hand information and know that there are classified space vehicles that use anti-gravity such as Aurora and TR-3B. In his book, Zero Point Hunt, analyst Nick Cook wrote about Aurora: “… there has been speculation since the late 1980s about the existence of a replacement for the SR-71 Blackbird, a mythical vehicle moving two Or faster and at the edges of space “(page 14).
Evident circumstantial evidence reveals the existence of the space fleet of antigravity vehicles. On August 6, 2007, for example, NASA awarded the “Human Space Support Team” to assist NASA vehicles in extra-atmospheric space.
The support team was part of the USAF Spatial Command, which is publicly declared to be the major military command of space forces for the Strategic Command.
However, neither the USAF Spatial Command nor the Strategic Command is publicly known to have any spacecraft to technically assist the International Space Shuttle or the Space Shuttle from any orbital danger.
Normally, both NASA vehicles would need gradual orbital corrections that would take too long and be insufficient to cope with one immediate threat.
Based on the evidence available from a wide range of sources, President Reagan, in his diary, honestly, recognizes the existence of a classified space program that can transport and host hundreds of astronauts.
His diary highlights the fact that he has received several informational sessions on the subject.
Important indications can be derived from Reagan’s registers on the Strategic Command Fleet.
Furthermore, the public can soon find out about advanced antigravity technologies that have been developed secretly and used for decades for military astronauts to fly deep into space.
“In his first interview with George Noory, pilot John Lear – now retired – talks about his experience as a pilot, about NASA’s secret missions and about life on other planets.
He says that in 1967, the fourth deadly case in NASA’s astronaut training was a special case.
Lear states that the real reason for the death of that astronaut was that he was part of the “secret group of astronauts.”
The information was received by John Lear from an insider (now deceased) with a very high-security license. The secret colonization program of the Moon actually began in 1962, and in 1966 the first mopping on the red planet was already taking place.
The propulsion technology that was then used was based on antigravity devices. Popular programs, such as the “space shuttle”, are only a disguise of what is actually happening behind closed doors.
John Lear also said that what hides the public is the fact that most of the planets in our solar system have a life similar to Earth.
For example, he says that there are about 660 million souls on Mars (most living underground), and Venus actually has green areas that are delightful. Moreover, the sky is blue on both Mars and Venus, Lear added.
A recent witness in the project, the physicist and author, Richard Alan Miller, told the public in summary that “There are two human civilizations on Earth, one that travels in space and one does not.”
Those who do, are part of a vast network that extends beyond our world into space, called for the sake of the “Secret Space Program.”
Historian Rich Dolan calls this a “rogue civilization,” and that in fact, it is exactly what it is, what has become.
No matter how it started. In Volume II he highly appreciated the UFOs and the NATIONAL SECURITY STATUS,
Rich writes, “Six decades of spending and document classification (and other forms of secret spending) have provided ample resources to apply principles and technologies that have remained isolated from the rest of mankind.
“What became apparent is that the Secret Government or the Shadow Government established the Secret Space Program and the Black Projects by virtue of having access to mainly two important advantages sustained by the power of the industrial military complex: Money and extraterrestrial technology (ET).
During the “Conscious Life Expo 2017” conference in Los Angeles, paranormal and ufology specialist Corey Goode revealed fascinating details about secret space programs, alien life, and the inner civilizations of Earth, knowledge forbidden to the public.
Corey Goode claims to have participated in a secret program of the American Army – MILAB – for 11 years between 1976 and 1987. MILAB is dealing with the study of aliens on Earth.
Goode also participated in another ultra-secret program called INTRUDER, an intercept and interrogation program that aimed to use intuitive empathy to interrogate aliens trapped in our solar system or on Earth.
Corey Goode is not the only one to talk about the existence of a US government-run secret operational program.
Interestingly, a former NASA employee claimed that there were secret crew missions on Mars, more than 20 years ago.
An audio clip posted on YouTube from the “Coast to Coast AM” American radio show, a woman (claiming to be a former NASA employee) claims she and her colleagues who would watch a 1979 American probe Viking, would have seen two human figures walking on Mars:
“Then I saw two men in space costumes – not the voluminous outfits normally used. They walked to the Viking Explorer ”
References:
The Secret Space Program
The discovery made by the hacker who entered NASA's databases is fabulous. Gary McKinnon said he found enough information that Americans would have a secret space program run by the Navy.
Corey Goode claims to have participated in a secret US Army program - MILAB - for 11 years between 1976 and 1987. MILAB is dealing with the study of aliens on Earth. Goode also participated in another ultra-secret program called INTRUDER, an intercept and interrogation program that aimed to use intuitive empathy to interrogate aliens trapped in our solar system or on Earth.
Source: www.matrixdisclosure.com/...
Actual Footage Of The Ireland UFO Encounter
Dash-cam footage was uploaded by dash-cam by Sandy Laverty in Coleraine. Looks like a bolide to me. It does correspond with the one pilot's comment that there were two objects. However, that could be a coincidence.
Colonizing Mars Means Contaminating Mars — And Never Knowing For Sure If It Had Its Own Native Life
Ovnis au-dessus du Loiret : vos photos, vidéos et témoignages parfois édifiants
Que se passe-t-il dans le ciel du Loiret, et son horizon bas, depuis cet été ? Après trois premières observations pour le moins intrigantes réalisées depuis Orléans, l’appel à témoins de La Rep’ publié dimanche 14 octobre a rencontré une somme relativement inédite de témoins du phénomène, que l’on ne peut définir, pour l’heure, autrement sous le terme d'"Ovni". Faute de connaître l'origine de ces mystérieuses apparitions célestes. Des Objets volants non-identifiés, donc.
Parole qui se libère (« J’avais un peu peur d’être pris pour un fou » ; « ça me rassure de constater que je ne suis pas la seule à avoir vu »), les témoins décident finalement de partager leurs observations, parfois à plusieurs reprises, au-dessus de leur quartier, des cultures ou de la forêt... Précisons qu'entre 150 et 200 mails nous ont été envoyés (en plus de dizaines de coups de fil), parfois avec photos, vidéos (prises de nuit, d'où leur caractère d'imperfection)... Nous vous en livrons quelques-unes ci-dessous.
Ajoutons seulement à l'attention des sceptiques - au point de vue tout aussi respectable - que, face à tant de témoignages émanant de gens ne se connaissant pas, se sentant obligés de se définir en préambule de "sérieux", et rapportant souvent avoir vu la même chose dans la nuit, on ne peut balayer d'un revers de la main le caractère de sincérité général. Très peu se risquent par ailleurs à avancer une piste extraterrestre. Même si elle peut parfois brûler certaines lèvres...
Comme celles de ce couple du petit village de Gy-les-Nonains (Gâtinais). Celui-ci jure avoir vu de jour, et c'est là l'un des seuls témoignages du genre, entre 15 heures et 15h15, "trois énormes boules lumineuses aller et venir dans le ciel. D'en bas, c'était dix fois plus gros qu'un avion de ligne". L'observation aurait eu lieu le vendredi 5 octobre.
Reste qu'il convient à présent de regarder froidement la réalité en face, et de laisser la place aux autres récits (parus dans nos éditions papier du mercredi 24 octobre, NDLR), avec cette question : mais que voient, depuis au moins cet été, les Loirétains dans leur ciel ? Une synthèse des dizaines de mails envoyés à notre rédaction, et aussi des commentaires laissés sur Facebook, permettent de définir très schématiquement les curieuses manifestations, intervenant plutôt dans le jour naissant, entre 6 heures et 7h30 (mais avant, on est au lit) ou à la tombée de la nuit (mais après, on dort).
Sont ainsi évoquées des boules de lumière extrêmement brillantes, qui se déplaceraient en général en formation de trois ou quatre. Deux des sphères sont souvent considérées par les témoins comme solidaires, en ce sens que leurs trajectoires semblent exactement les mêmes, "comme si un fil invisible les reliait". La dernière boule - quand elles sont bien trois -, parfois rouge, aurait, elle, plutôt tendance à incarner l'électron libre dans la nuit d'automne.
À Ingré, Richard, un retraité, précise, en préambule, ne pas être "le perdreau du coin". À deux reprises, le soir du vendredi 12 et samedi 13 octobre au petit matin, il voit les lumières au-dessus des champs de blé derrière chez lui. "Les drones de Bricy, que je connais bien pour habiter près de la base, étaient tout autour.Tout se passait peut-être entre 200 et 900 mètres d’altitude, enfin, c'est difficile à estimer. Reste que c’était l’affolement là-haut. Est-ce que l'on teste un nouvel engin militaire derrière chez moi ?", interroge l'homme de 73 ans. Une chose est sûre, précise-t-il, "je ne m'explique pas ce que j'ai vu, à quatre reprises en tout. J'ai vu partir ces boules de lumière à l'horizontale, c'était comme des comètes au-dessus des maisons, mais qui ne venaient pas du ciel. Elles laissaient une longue traînée orangée derrière elles, et rien de ce que je connais sur terre ne peut se déplacer à cette vitesse. Je peux vous dire que les drones ne suivaient pas, c'était bien trop rapide, 100, 200 fois plus qu'un avion de chasse".
Celui de Richard constitue l'un des témoignages les plus saisissants, mais ils viennent de partout : Orléans, Saint-Jean-de-Braye, Saint-Jean-de-la-Ruelle, Saint-Jean-le-Blanc, Mardié, Pithiviers, Bouzonville-aux-Bois, Souppes-sur-Loing, Montargis, Lamotte-Beuvron, Etampes (91), Amilly, Corquilleroy, Gy-les-Nonains, La Ferté-Saint-Aubin, Vienne-en-Val, Saint-Lyé, Neuville-aux-Bois, Viglain ou encore Mézières-les-Cléry...
"Fin septembre-début octobre, vers 22 heures, à Vienne-en-Val, ma femme et moi-même avons vu une lumière rouge et deux blanches se déplaçant très rapidement du nord au sud. Elles étaient visibles côté est de notre village. J'ai d'abord pensé à un aéronef, malgré une vitesse exceptionnelle, mais ça a traversé l'horizon en huit ou dix secondes", décrit cet autre témoin.
Tout autant troublé que Richard par la vitesse de déplacement phénoménale observée. Et Richard de préciser : "Je connais bien le ciel pour l’observer depuis 50 ans. Je sais reconnaître une météorite, un avion de ligne, la station spatiale ou une étoile filante... Mais là, les trajectoires ne correspondent pas, et puis, on dirait que ça vient d'en bas…"
"Est-ce bien humain ?", interroge Jacques, de Marigny.
"Rien ne peut aller aussi vite. En un battement de cils, les lumières sortent de l’horizon", rapporte Jessica, de Viglain.
Une chose sur laquelle beaucoup s’accordent cependant : "Quelle que soit l’origine du phénomène, militaire ou autre, une chose semble évidente, c’est là pour être vu", en déduit cet habitant de Neuville-aux-Bois.
Une petite dizaine de groupes d'ufologues (de toute la France) ont déjà contacté notre rédaction, à la suite de l'appel à témoin. L'un d'eux aura eu cette réflexion : "Vous tenez peut-être là, dans le Loiret, quelque chose d’énorme."
Énorme ou pas, l'Orléanais Thierry, le premier à s'être signalé à La Rep', après quinze jours d'observation des lumières dans l'horizon depuis son immeuble du quartier Saint-Marceau, dit désormais "peiner à trouver le sommeil. Je n'arrête pas d'y penser depuis". Et de se dire "émerveillé", quand d'autres témoins confient plutôt leur angoisse, après avoir vu les lumières.
C'est le cas de l'Orléanaise K., que nous avons eu au téléphone la semaine dernière. Son récit est proprement édifiant : "J'habite le quartier Barrière-Saint-Marc. Dans la nuit de dimanche à lundi, je dormais, quand, après deux heures du matin, une lumière extraordinaire a percé à travers ma fenêtre de toit. J'ai d'abord cru à un incendie, raconte-t-elle, encore paniquée. Je l'ai donc ouverte, et ai passé la tête dehors. Au-dessus de chez moi, il y avait cette forme triangulaire avec des lumières dessous. Vertes et rouges, je crois. J'ai eu la peur de ma vie, j'étais comme paralysée. Que se passe-t-il ? Tout s'est arrêté quand c'est parti en direction de l'ouest à une vitesse fulgurante." Des larmes dans la voix, K. affirme, depuis, souffrir de maux de tête et de vomissements. Mardi, elle se décidait à aller consulter un généraliste. Son témoignage est le seul du genre. Édifiant au point que l'on comprendra aisément que beaucoup ne lui apportent que peu de crédit. Il n'en demeure pas moins que la sincérité de K. transparaissait dans sa voix, ses tremblements et interrogations. Précisons seulement que K. n'est pas la première personne à évoquer un triangle dans la nuit. Les témoignages sont certes rares à l'échelle du Loiret, mais ils existent.
Ce que confirme le chercheur strasbourgeois, et chef d'entreprise, Silvano Trotta :"La présence dans le monde de triangles noirs avec quatre lumières dessous capables de s'en détacher est observée depuis au moins 1936, rapporte le chercheur américain au Mufon, David B. Marler." Il précise : "Marler observe que ces ovnis ont toujours affiché des attributs physiques et une dynamique de vol similaires. Ce qui vient contredire fortement l'idée qu'ils peuvent être un nouvel engin militaire, vu qu'on les observe depuis 80 ans."
La semaine dernière, La Rep' a envoyé des photos à Silvano Trotta : celles qu'un Loirétain assure avoir prises aux abords de la centrale nucléaire de Saint-Laurent-des-Eaux (Loir-et-Cher).
Sphère aperçue, de jour, au-dessus du Centre-Val de Loire et de la centrale de Saint-Laurent-des-Eaux. Cette image du Loirétain David Godet "est authentique à 99%", selon des chercheurs, à qui nous l'avons envoyée cette semaine.
Le chercheur Silvano Trotta les a donc faites analyser. Ses conclusions sont les suivantes : "Elles sont à 99 % tout à fait authentiques". Précisons que Silvano travaille avec des ingénieurs qui ont rentré les images dans un logiciel de contrôle de leurs pixels. Le but : vérifier si elles sont truquées ou non. Celles-ci ne le seraient donc pas.
D'où la question : qu'est-ce qui survole la centrale nucléaire de Saint-Laurent ? Sommes-nous en présence d'un drone ? "Cela pourrait effectivement être un drone militaire, voire étranger, que l'on ne connaît pas, ajoute Silvano. Mais quel intérêt auraient les Russes ou les Chinois à survoler une vieille centrale nucléaire française ?"
La sphère en question semble identique en tout points et se comporter dans le ciel de la même façon que les lumineuses, observées, de nuit, au-dessus du Loiret par des centaines d'habitants. "Le phénomène semble effectivement s'intensifier depuis plusieurs semaines, et à l'échelle de toute la France," ajoute Jean-Louis Lagneau, à la tête de la revue ufologique LDLN, Lumières dans la nuit.
Il précise : "Des abonnés du Loiret m'avait, avant votre appel à témoins, déjà fait remonter leurs observations, notamment dans la région de Pithiviers et de la commune de Sury-aux-Bois".
Un ultime ufologue entré en contact avec notre rédaction aura eu ces mots : "Personne n'est aujourd'hui en mesure de dire de quoi il s'agit, ce qui survole manifestement votre département, et plus largement la France, c'est le grand mystère. Mais il faut en parler, car j'observe que de plus en plus de personnes sont témoins des lumières, et qu'il s'installe une certaine inquiétude un peu partout. Le sujet des Ovnis est généralement tourné en dérision quand on l'évoque, et pas qu'en France. Allez à la télévision en parler sérieusement et il y aura, en général, un type déguisé en alien sur le plateau. Ce n'est pas bien, c'est une façon de faire diversion, de tourner les choses en dérision. On est pourtant là sur un sujet sérieux, et ça commence à se voir. Il n'y a qu'à observer ce qui se passe chez vous, dans le Loiret".
Nous avons contacté la base de Bricy (le mercredi 17 octobre) pour savoir notamment si ses radars n'avaient pas détecté une activité aérienne pouvant sortir de l'ordinaire, ou un peu extraordinaire. La réponse est "non". "Aucune activité particulière n'a été repérée." Et la cellule communication de la base aérienne 123 de préciser que celle-ci n'abrite pas de drones, en référence à cet Ingréen affirmant en avoir vus dans le périmètre de sa maison, autour des sphères lumineuses.
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Chinese archaeologists discover evidence of skull surgery in ancient, sophisticated hospital
BY
The archaeological site of Yin Xu, close to Anyang City, some 500 km south of Beijing, is an ancient capital city of the late Shang Dynasty.
Image credits: UNESCO.
Trepanation, the practice of drilling hole in the skull for medical purposes, was remarkably widespread across ancient cultures. We have found evidence of trepanation from the Inca people in South America to Ancient Greece; humans were also practicing it on animals more than 5,000 years ago. However, for the longest time, China seemed devoid of trepanation. A 2017 study attributes this to “the lack of publications on this topic in the English language,” and a recent finding seems to add to that idea.
Archaeologists have just uncovered two skulls, including one belonging to a 10-year-old boy, that show clear signs of trepanation.
“The skull surface is smooth and even, indicating the traces of artificial drilling. And the cranium shows that it still grew after the perforation, which suggests the surgery was successful,” said Yue Hongbin, researcher with the Institute of Archaeology under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), according to Xinhua.
The skulls date back to the Shang Dynasty (about 1600 BC-1046 BC), a period known for many cultural and social advancements. During the Shang Dynasty, people would treat diseases with drugs, surgeries, acupuncture, and massages, said Yue.
The findings were made at a long-known site: Yin, the last capital of the Shang Dynasty, which is in the current day city of Anyang. Yin has been excavated for some 90 years, yielding numerous remarkable findings — and this one is no exception. Archaeologists have discovered a hospital or a similar medical site, it seems, which is surprisingly sophisticated for its time. They’ve uncovered inscriptions on tortoise bones, detailing the names, symptoms, and treatments of 50 kinds of diseases, says Song Zhenhao, one of the research leaders at CASS.
In a nearby tomb, archaeologists also discovered a large number of plant leaves, including some of ‘oriental bittersweet’ (Celastrus orbiculatus) — a plant that’s still used in Chinese traditional medicine to clear away toxins such as snake venom.
Archaeologists also report identifying bone needles which they believed were used for medical purposes.
“They were not needles for sewing, since they are sharp at both ends and do not have pinholes. We believe they were for medical use,” said Yue. “Archaeological findings in the ruins have continued to provide more and more evidence to help recast ancient medical history.”
It’s not clear how common trepanation was in ancient China, though it was definitely practiced at times. A recent study suggests that the practice dates back at least 3,500 years, and these new findings seem to support that timeline.
In Pictures: The Giant Crater Beneath Greenland Explained
Scientists Spot What May Be a Giant Impact Crater Hidden Under Greenland Ice
There's another twist to the puzzle of the crater: in Kjær's own institution sits a large iron meteorite that was found about 185 miles (300 km) away from the crater site. Could it be that the meteorite and crater originated from the same incoming asteroid breaking up in Earth's atmosphere as it fell to the surface? "I think it's fair to start speculating if those two are linked," Kjær said. "Maybe we found the home of this meteorite. That would be fun."
But Kring isn't as convinced as the research team that the feature actually has an extraterrestrial origin. "There are thousands, tens of thousands, maybe hundreds of thousands of circular structures on the Earth's surface," Kring said. "Almost none of them are impact craters." He said he would also like to see stronger evidence from rock analysis that the feature was truly caused by an impact, rather than by some other process. [Photos: Hunting Meteorites from Florida Fireball in Osceola]
He said he's particularly struck by the apparent lack of any measurable climate upheaval that such a large impact would have caused. The team wants to narrow down the date more precisely with future research but is confident that the crater formed between 3 million and 12,000 years ago, likely on the later end of that range. "It certainly should have created global effects, and we just have no hint or signature of that at this time," Kring said.
(Kjær said that, depending on when precisely the feature formed, it may match the sharp cooling of the Younger Dryas period, which ended about 11,500 years ago, but that it's certainly too early to say.)
Geomorphological and glaciological setting of Hiawatha Glacier, northwest Greenland. (A) Regional view of northwest Greenland. Inset map shows location relative to whole of Greenland. Magenta box identifies location of panels B-D. (B) 5-m ArcticDEM mosaic over eastern Inglefield Land. Colors are ice surface velocity. Blue line illustrates an active basal drainage path inferred from radargrams. (C) Hillshade surface relief based on the ArcticDEM mosaic which illustrates characteristics such as surface undulations. Dashed red lines are the outlines of the two subglacial paleo-channels. Blue lines are catchment outlines, i.e., solid blue line is subglacial and hatched is supraglacial. (D) Bed topography based on airborne radar sounding from 1997-2014 NASA data and 2016 AWI data. Black triangles represent elevated rim picks from the radargrams and the dark purple circles represent peaks in the central uplift. Hatched red lines are field measurements of the strike of ice-marginal bedrock structures. Black circles show location of the three glaciofluvial sediment.
Credit: University of Kansas
Nevertheless, Kring said he's glad the team is pushing forward on ways to identify unknown features on Earth's surface and understand how the planet has changed over time. And if the site does indeed turn out to be an impact, studying it in more detail could offer helpful insight for planetary protection, which considers the potentially devastating effects that future impacts from the ongoing hail of planetary material could cause.
"[Asteroids] are a hazard. They are, in fact, a threat to human civilization," Kring said. "We want to better understand the consequences if or when one of those objects actually hits the Earth, and one way to do that is to go into the geological record and measure those impacts."
For Kjær, what's most exciting isn't even the dramatic collision or its potential successors — it's the act of stumbling upon something unknown. "Look here — the age of discovery is not over yet," he said. "We can still go out here and find things that we didn't see before."
Super-Earth spied in the second-closest star system from the sun
The newly discovered planet orbiting dim Barnard’s star (imagined here) is much larger and colder than Earth.
M. KORNMESSER/ESO
Our corner of the Milky Way is getting rather neighborly. In 2016, astronomers discovered a planet orbiting Proxima Centauri, the nearest star to our sun, just 4 light-years away. Now, they believe they have found an exoplanet around Barnard’s star, which at 6 light-years away is the second-closest star system. The planet—a chilly world more than three times heavier than Earth—is close enough that scientists could learn about its atmosphere with future giant telescopes. “This is going to be one of the best candidates,” says astronomer Nikku Madhusudhan of the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom, who was not part of the discovery team.
Barnard’s star b, as the new planet is called, was excruciatingly difficult to pin down, and the team is referring to it as a “candidate planet” though it is confident it’s there. Most exoplanets, including the thousands identified by NASA’s recently retired Kepler space telescope, were found using the “transit” technique: looking for a periodic dip in starlight as a planet passes in front. But that method detects only the small fraction of planets that cross their star’s face when viewed from Earth. Despite decades of watching, astronomers haven’t detected any planets transiting Barnard’s star.
But astronomers can also look for planets by measuring their gravitational tug on a star. Hundreds of exoplanets have been found by looking for periodic Doppler shifts in the frequency of starlight. In 2015, astronomers saw hints of such shifts in the light from Barnard’s star. “Then we went hard for it,” says astronomer Ignasi Ribas of the Institute of Space Sciences in Barcelona, Spain, who led the new project.
His team made observations from two ground-based telescopes in Chile and Spain. They also observed with a spectrograph at Spain’s Calar Alto Observatory and added in archival data spanning 20 years from those and four other instruments, giving them a total of nearly 800 measurements. “It was a community effort,” Ribas says. As they report today in Nature, they found that the star’s light oscillated every 233 days, implying a planet orbiting with a 223-day year.
There’s a chance that the oscillations are caused by something that affects the way the star shines in a periodic way, such as star spots. The team has calculated that this is highly unlikely, although still possible. “We’re quite convinced” it is a planet, Ribas says. Madhusudhan isn’t quite so certain: “If confirmed, this will be very good. It shows how hard it is to do this thing.”
From this orbital information, the team calculates the planet must weigh at least 3.2 times as much as Earth. That puts Barnard’s star b squarely into a terra incognita between small rocky planets like Earth and larger gas planets like Neptune. The Kepler mission has shown that such intermediate planets are common across the galaxy, but with no examples among our eight home planets, astronomers have few ideas what they are like. Are they rocky super-Earths, or gaseous mini-Neptunes? “We just don’t know. It’s really hard to tell,” Ribas says.
Finding out more about Barnard’s star b will likely require telescopes able to detect light from the planet itself. That’s hard to do because, viewed from Earth, the planet is close to the star and swamped by its glare. A few telescopes with coronagraphs—devices for masking a star’s light—have directly imaged a few large planets in wide orbits, but something like Barnard’s star b will require the greater resolution of giant telescopes coming in the next decade, such as Europe’s 39-meter Extremely Large Telescope. Observations from these scopes could reveal the planet’s rotation rate, the composition and thickness of its atmosphere, and whether it has clouds. “This would be a dream. We would learn so much about this planet,” Ribas says.
Even if Barnard’s star b is rocky, life would have a hard time taking root on its chilly surface. Although the planet orbits its star much closer than Earth does to the sun, Barnard’s star, a red dwarf, is so dim that its planet gets only 2% of the energy that Earth does. The team estimates surface temperatures of –170°C.
Madhusudhan thinks the result is a sure sign that astronomers will soon find other arrivistes to the stellar neighborhood. “I’m willing to guess there are lots like this nearby,” he says. “The question is, how do we detect them?”
L’activité des OVNI en Argentine est à l’origine d’un “CLIMAT EXTRÊME” – déclaration choc
Un OVNI ÉTRANGE de type orbe a été repéré en Argentine et les chasseurs d’extraterrestres pensent qu’il pourrait être à l’origine du mauvais temps dans cette région.
Une mystérieuse lumière brillante a été vue juste devant un domicile à Santa Cruz, en Argentine. La lumière étrange a été observée au cours d’une tempête, ce qui a incité certains à croire qu’elle pourrait en être la cause. L’objet semble flotter sur les lieux dans une propriété calme, et dont la finalité a provoqué l’apparition d’une multitude de théories.
Certains théoriciens du complot croient que les extraterrestres sont ici sur Terre pour surveiller la race humaine, et s’amuser avec le climat car “c’est fun pour eux”.
L’éminent chasseur d’extraterrestres Scott C. Waring croit que des extraterrestres pourraient surveiller notre réaction à des scénarios météorologiques extrêmes.
Il a écrit sur son blog populaire UFO Sightings Daily : “Cet OVNI a été pris à l’extérieur d’une maison en Argentine lors d’une tempête et c’est peut-être la cause même du climat si rude de cette journée.”
“Les OVNI sont connus pour provoquer des rafales de vent, la foudre, le tonnerre, la grêle et même des tornades.”
“Pourquoi personne ne le sait encore, mais des OVNI ont été signalés lors de tels événements comme si c’était un jeu pour eux.”
“Vidéo très rare et incroyable ici.”
L’Argentine est en quelque sorte un point chaud pour les observations d’OVNI, à tel point qu’une “piste d’atterrissage” pour ovni a été construite dans la nature sauvage de l’Argentine par un homme qui prétend que des aliens lui ont demandé de créer le site.
L’étrange monument aurait été construit par un Suisse du nom de Werner Jaisli.
la piste d’atterrissage est une collection de roches blanches et brunes placées en forme d’ovniport – un monument qui ressemble à une étoile que les théoriciens du complot ont liée à une activité extraterrestre.
M. Jaisli a construit le monument dans le désert argentin juste à l’extérieur de la petite ville de Cachi dans la province de Salta.
Les plus grands monuments sont entourés de plus petits morceaux et peuvent être vus du ciel, ce qui serait pratique pour n’importe quel OVNI piloté par des extraterrestres comme ils le font près de la Terre.
Le site attire des centaines de visiteurs par an et M. Jaisli a décidé de le construire quand dit avoir reçu un “message télépathique” d’extraterrestres dans lequel ils lui ont dit qu’ils avaient besoin d’un endroit pour atterrir quand ils débarqueront sur notre planète.
Il a déclaré au journal argentin El Tribuno : “J’étais à Fuerte Alto avec mon voisin Luis. Il était minuit le 24 novembre 2008.”
“C’est une nuit d’Ovni”, j’ai dit à Luis. Et la phrase n’a pas été terminée, lorsque deux objets lumineux ont avancé d’environ 200 mètres au-dessus de la rivière Calchaquí.
“Ils étaient solides, circulaires et comme du métal bruni. Je ne sais pas pourquoi, mais mentalement je leur ai demandé de se rapprocher. Et ils l’ont fait !”
“Ils m’ont demandé par télépathie de construire l’ovniport.”
Source: Express.co.uk, le 14 novembre 2018
Traduction Nouvelordremondial.cc
At last, a planet for Barnard’s Star
Astronomers are “99 percent confident” that this exoplanet is real and not a false detection. The planet for Barnard’s star – 2nd closest star system to our sun – appears to be a cold super-Earth.
Barnard’s star – the 2nd closest star to Earth – has a large proper motion on our sky’s dome. This image – via One-Minute Astronomer – shows its motion from 1991 to 2007. Now, this very nearby star is known to have a planet.
Astronomers have discovered thousands of exoplanets in recent years – even an Earth-sized planet orbiting the nearest star to our sun – Proxima Centauri. Today (November 14, 2018), they’re announcing another exciting finding, a super-Earth planet orbiting the closest single star (and second-closest star system) to our own sun at only six light-years away, Barnard’s Star.
The planet has been labeled Barnard’s Star b (GJ 699 b). Its discovery has been decades in the making!
Indeed, Barnard’s Star was among the first to be announced – from the early 1960s to the early 1970s – as having an orbiting planet. Astronomer Peter van de Kamp argued he saw “wobbles” in the star’s motion across our sky, indicating one or more planets tugging on the star. He was in error, with the apparent positional shifts apparently caused by adjustments in the telescope lens, but the mystique of Barnard’s Star endured.
That mystique, and the nearness of this star to Earth, must have helped encourage an international team of astronomers to work hard to find a planet for Barnard’s Star. The team – including astronomers from the European Southern Observatory (ESO), the Carnegie Institution for Science and elsewhere – has published its paper announcing the discovery in the peer-reviewed journal Nature.
The astronomers found the planet via the same method van de Kamp used in the 1960s and ’70s – which is called the radial velocity method – aided by instruments with vastly greater power and sensitivity, plus modern computers. The new planet for Barnard’s Star was found by analyzing 20 years of combined data from various telescopes, stitched together to create an exceptionally large database. According to lead author Ignasi Ribas of Spain’s Institute of Space Studies of Catalonia:
We used observations from seven different instruments, spanning 20 years of measurements, making this one of the largest and most extensive datasets ever used for precise radial velocity studies. The combination of all data led to a total of 771 measurements – a huge amount of information!
And, indeed, Barnard’s Star b is the smallest and most distant planet from its star to be found so far using radial velocity.
Our sun’s closest neighbors among the stars, including Barnard’s Star.
Image via NASA PhotoJournal.
The radial velocity technique relies on the fact that a planet’s gravity causes tiny wobbles in the orbit of its star. The technique is based on the fact that not only does the star’s gravity affect any orbiting planets, but those planets can also affect the star, albeit to a much lesser degree.
According to Paul Butler at Carnegie:
This technique has been used to find hundreds of planets. We now have decades of archival data at our disposal. The precision of new measurements continues to improve, opening the doors to new parameters of space, such as super-Earth planets in cool orbits like Barnard’s Star b.
Astronomers are confident that the planet is real and not a false detection. Ignasi Ribas commented:
After a very careful analysis, we are over 99 percent confident that the planet is there. However, we’ll continue to observe this fast-moving star to exclude possible, but improbable, natural variations of the stellar brightness which could masquerade as a planet.
Barnard’s Star is a red dwarf star. It’s small; here’s its size compared to that of our sun and Jupiter, our solar system’s largest planet.
Image via Wikimedia Commons.
Barnard’s Star b appears to be a super-Earth – a type of exoplanet that is larger than Earth but smaller than Uranus or Neptune. It has a mass 3.2 times that of Earth and orbits its star every 233 days. At that distance, because the star is smaller and cooler than our sun – only emitting 0.4 percent of our sun’s radiant energy – the planet is colder than Earth, with an estimated surface temperature of -238 degrees Fahrenheit (-150 degrees Celsius). This makes it unlikely to be habitable, although little is known still about specific conditions on the planet.
Guillem Anglada-Escudé, from Queen Mary University of London, noted:
We have all worked very hard on this breakthrough. This discovery is the result of a large collaboration organized in the context of the Red Dots project, which included contributions from teams all over the world. Follow-up observations are already underway at different observatories worldwide.
These astronomers also note that, since the planet is close, it will be an ideal target for NASA’s upcoming Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST). It might also be possible to observe Barnard’s Star via the European Space Agency’s Gaia mission, whose second data release earlier this year has yielded a huge bounty of new and exciting insights in astronomy.
Artist’s concept of the surface of the newly discovered planet, called Barnard’s Star b.
Image via ESO/M. Kornmesser.
Artist’s concept of Barnard’s Star b.
Image via ESO/M. Kornmesser.
At six light-years away, Barnard’s Star is the closest single star to our sun, but fourth closest star overall, after the three stars that make up the Alpha Centauri triple-star system, which includes Proxima Centauri. It is a red dwarf star, known to produce some flaring, but less active than most other known red dwarfs in terms of stellar flare activity. Like red dwarfs generally, this star is smaller – and believed to be older – than our sun.
Even though it is the second-closest star system, Barnard’s Star is too faint to be seen with the human eye.
The star is named for Yerkes Observatory astronomer E. E. Barnard, who was the first to notice its large proper motion – or sideways motion on our sky’s dome – in 1916. The large proper motion of Barnard’s Star is caused in part by the star’s nearness to Earth, but also by the fact that Barnard’s Star – and its newly found planet – are merely passing through our neighborhood of space, as opposed to moving in the same general stream as our sun and other nearby stars around the galaxy’s center. Over the long course of astronomical time, Barnard’s Star will move farther away!
Barnard’s Star b is a super-Earth, like Kepler-62f. This picture is an artist’s concept.
Image via NASA Ames/JPL-Caltech/T. Pyle.
Bottom line: The discovery of a super-Earth exoplanet so close to our solar system is exciting, even if the planet is unlikely to be habitable. The fact that many such worlds have already been found, and now this one so close by, means that they must likely be common throughout the galaxy, increasing the chances that some of them, or their Earth-sized cousins, could indeed support life.
Source: A super-Earth planet candidate orbiting at the snow-line of Barnard’s Star
Read more: The enduring mystique of Barnard’s Star
Archeologen vinden verloren stad terug: gebouwd door krijgsgevangenen van Trojaanse oorlog - HLN.be
Bron: The Washington Post/ Greek Culture Ministry
Volgens de legende wisten de Grieken Troje te veroveren met een geniepige list. Ze bouwden een reusachtig houten paard waarin soldaten zich verstopten. Dat paard haalden enkele nietsvermoedende inwoners naar binnen waarna de Grieken tevoorschijn kwamen en de stad veroverden.
Wat er met de oorspronkelijke inwoners van Troje gebeurde, wordt meestal achterwege gelaten in de Griekse mythologie. Velen wachtten immers een gruwelijk lot, anderen werden volgens historische verhalen verbannen naar de verloren stad Tenea. En recente vondsten bevestigen die verhalen. Dat kondigde het Grieks ministerie van Cultuur aan.
De eerste inwoners van de stad waren Trojaanse krijgsgevangen die verbannen werden uit eigen stad, maar wel toestemming kregen van de bezetter om een nieuw stadje te bouwen. En dat deden ze met succes want Tenea transformeerde van een plek voor buitenstaanders naar een stad met een eigen regering. Het is overigens de enige stad die ongedeerd werd gelaten na de inval van de Romeinen.
De stad, geregeerd door oorlogsgevangenen, hield archeologen decennialang in de ban. Zeer periodieke vondsten plaagden onderzoekers en leverden beperkt bewijs van het bestaan van de stad. Zo werd er een marmeren beeld van een jongeman (Kouros van Tenea) opgegraven. Verder nog ontdekten archeologen honderden jaren geleden al een sarcofaag met het skelet van een vrouw. En de vondsten situeerden zich allemaal in de regio ten zuiden van Oud Korinthe.
Tenslotte werden archeologen in 2013 aangemoedigd om wat meer moeite te steken in de opgravingen in die regio. “Het is dankzij een plotse hoge concentratie aan keramiek en architecturale overblijfselen dat we de site ontdekten”, aldus het team Griekse archeologen. Toch konden die restanten geen hard bewijs leveren voor het bestaan van de stad Tenea, zoals die in oude verhalen omschreven wordt.
Gelukkig bracht de recente vondst eindelijk verlossing: de stenen muren tonen de structuur van een nederzetting die zo’n 3.000 jaar oud is. De archeologen wisten deuropeningen, muren en vloeren te onderscheiden en konden zo de mysterieuze stad een beetje minder mysterieus maken. Zo ontdekten ze ook artistieke werken waarbij de Griekse en Romeinse beschavingen samenkomen. “De overblijfselen dienden vele doelen. Een ervan was voldoen aan zowel de Griekse als de Romeinse culturele codes”, aldus de Griekse archeologen. Dat bewijst meteen dat de Romeinen het stadje van oorlogsgevangenen ongedeerd lieten in 146 voor Christus.
Gigantische krater ontdekt onder ijs in Groenland en die kan nieuw licht werpen op massaal uitsterven dieren tijdens laatste ijstijd - HLN.be
Bron: Belga, National Geographic
Een verslag van de ontdekking is te lezen in het nieuwste nummer van het vakblad Science Advances. De krater zou 31 kilometer breed zijn en zo tot de 25 grootste inslagkraters op aarde behoren. Hij zou 1 kilometer onder de Hiawatha Gletsjer zitten en de eerste ooit zijn die onder ijs wordt aangetroffen.
Al in 2015 werd er voor het eerst een glimp van de krater waargenomen. Wetenschappers vlogen toen over het gebied met lasers en radars om het in kaart te brengen. Dat was een onderdeel van ‘Operation IceBridge’, van de Amerikaanse ruimtevaartorganisatie NASA.
De scans werden publiek gemaakt en een groep van Deense glaciologen – die gletsjers bestuderen – merkte iets vreemds op bij het bekijken van de data: een gigantische uitsparing in de vorm van een kom in het gesteente onder het ijs. “We vroegen ons meteen af of het een inslagkrater kon zijn”, aldus Joseph MacGregor, een van de auteurs van de paper. “We lachten eerst. Maar het kon.”
Om een nog duidelijker beeld te krijgen werden in mei 2016 nieuwe vluchten uitgevoerd over het gebied, met nieuwe en nog gevoeliger apparatuur. In juli werd er ook een grondteam op uitgestuurd dat de omliggende structuren in kaart bracht en stalen verzamelde van sediment dat van onder de gletsjer was gekomen. Daardoor kreeg het team een nog gedetailleerder beeld van de krater.
Hij bleek 320 meter diep en in het midden zat een verhoging van tussen de 50 en de 70 meter hoog. Volgens gletsjergeoloog Kurt Kjaer van de universiteit van Kopenhagen – de hoofdauteur van de studie – iets wat je kan verwachten als je aanneemt dat het om een inslag gaat. In het sediment vonden de wetenschappers ‘geschokte kwarts’, een zeldzame vorm van het mineraal die ontstaat als er erg veel energie vrijkomt. Zoals bij een inslag van een meteoriet.
Op basis van de vorm van de krater, kan hij volgens de wetenschappers veroorzaakt zijn door een meteoriet van 1 kilometer breed en 11 tot 12 ton zwaar.
De onderzoekers willen nu nog meer analyses uitvoeren op het materiaal dat ze hebben en meer materiaal verzamelen op de site zelf. In het ideale geval zouden ze dwars door de gletsjer heen kunnen boren, maar dat zou een moeilijke en dure operatie worden. Het is echter noodzakelijk als ze hun vermoedens wetenschappelijk bevestigd willen zien.
Wanneer de meteoriet precies ingeslagen kan zijn, is ook nog niet duidelijk. Ook daarvoor is meer onderzoek nodig. Op basis van de gegevens die de onderzoekers hebben, moet het gebeurd zijn toen de gletsjer er al was en zou de meteoriet een gat in het ijs geslagen hebben. “Het is waarschijnlijk minder dan 3 miljoen jaar geleden gebeurd, vermoedelijk tussen 12.000 en 15.000 jaar geleden”, aldus MacGregor.
Als dat effectief klopt, kan dat nieuw licht werpen op een controversiële theorie – de Jonge Dryas impact hypothese – die aanvoert dat er tussen 10.900 en 12.900 jaar geleden op het einde van de laatste ijstijd een gigantische inslag plaatsvond in Noord-Amerika. Die zou grote bosbranden hebben doen ontstaan, die leidden tot het uitsterven van grote zoogdieren zoals de mammoet en de mastodont en zelfs de menselijke Cloviscultuur. Groot probleem met die theorie was tot nu toe dat er nergens een inslagkrater gevonden kon worden. Maar dat kan deze ontdekking misschien oplossen. “Het is erg speculatief”, aldus nog MacGregor. “Maar als het klopt, kan dat de menselijke geschiedenis helemaal door elkaar schudden.”
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