Will the next pandemic come from a GLACIER? Killer viruses could be released from melting ice in the Arctic, study warns

• Experts say the chance of a viral 'spillover' increases with the melting of glaciers
• A 'spillover' describes a virus jumping to a new species, like from bats to humans
• Study implies frozen viruses in the poles could come into contact with new hosts

By JONATHAN CHADWICK FOR MAILONLINE  and AFP

Glaciers that are melting amid rising global temperatures could be the cause of the next deathly pandemic, a new study claims. 

Scientists investigated how climate change may affect the risk of 'spillover' – a virus jumping to another species – by examining samples from Lake Hazen in the Arctic. 

They found that the chance of a spillover event increases with the melting of glaciers, as the meltwater can transport pathogens to new hosts. 

Killer viruses that have been frozen in glaciers for hundreds of years could reawaken as temperatures rise and the ice melts and flows to new locations. 

Viruses need hosts like humans, animals, plants or fungi to replicate and spread, and occasionally they can jump to a new one that lacks immunity, as seen during the Covid pandemic. 

A warming climate could bring viruses in the Arctic into contact with new environments and hosts, increasing the risk of this 'viral spillover', the experts warn. 

Researchers in Canada wanted to investigate how climate change might affect the risk of 'viral spillover' by examining samples from the Arctic landscape of Lake Hazen. The experts are pictured at Lake Hazen drilling holes to collect sediment

Lake Hazen, seen from above in this NASA image, is the largest High Arctic freshwater lake in the world

The new study was led by researchers at Department of Biology, University of Ottawa in Canada and published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B.

'Spillover risk increases with runoff from glacier melt, a proxy for climate change,' say the researchers in their paper. 

'Should climate change also shift species range of potential viral vectors and reservoirs northwards, the High Arctic could become fertile ground for emerging pandemics.' 

In the past years, many viruses such as Influenza A, Ebola and SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes Covid) spilled over to humans and caused 'significant diseases', the study says.

Evidence already suggests SARS-CoV-2 originated in horseshoe bats, although it's likely the virus passed to humans through pangolins, a scaly mammal often confused for a reptile. 

Likewise, it's thought the lethal outbreak of the Ebola virus in Western Africa between 2013 and 2016 stemmed from bats.   

The researchers focused their study on soil and lake sediments from Lake Hazen, the largest High Arctic freshwater lake in the world. 

The team sampled soil that becomes a riverbed for melted glacier water in the summer, as well as the lakebed itself, which required clearing snow and drilling through more than six feet of ice.

They used ropes and a snowmobile to lift the lake sediment through almost 980 feet (300 metres) of water, and samples were then sequenced for DNA and RNA, the genetic blueprints and messengers of life.

'This enabled us to know what viruses are in a given environment, and what potential hosts are also present,' said study leader Stephane Aris-Brosou, an associate professor in the University of Ottawa. 

In the past years, many viruses such as Influenza A, Ebola and SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes Covid, spilled over to humans and caused 'significant diseases', the study says. Pictured is a rendering of SARS-CoV-2

But to find out how likely they were to jump hosts, the team needed to examine the equivalent of each virus and host's family tree.

'Basically what we tried to do is measure how similar these [family] trees are,' said study author Audree Lemieux.

Similar genealogies suggest a virus has evolved along with its host, but differences suggest spillover, and if a virus has jumped hosts once, it is more likely to do so again.

The analysis found pronounced differences between viruses and hosts in the lake bed, which is directly correlated to the risk of spillover.

The difference was less stark in the riverbeds, which the researchers theorise is because water erodes the topsoil, removing organisms and limiting interactions between viruses and potential new hosts.

Those instead wash into the lake, which has seen 'dramatic change' in recent years, as increased water from melting glaciers deposits more sediment.

'That's going to bring together hosts and viruses that would not normally encounter each other,' Lemieux said.

Also, animals and protists were found to be the most susceptible to spillovers, while plants and fungi showed a lower susceptibility to spillovers.

The experts stress that they are neither forecasting an actual spillover nor a pandemic, and that the likelihood of such an event 'remains very low'.

They also warn more work is needed to clarify how big the difference between viruses and hosts needs to be to create serious spillover risk.

Animals and protists are the most susceptible to spillover, while plants and fungi showed a lower susceptibility to spillovers

But they argue that warming weather could increase risks further if new potential hosts move into previously inhospitable regions.

'It could be anything from ticks to mosquitoes to certain animals, to bacteria and viruses themselves,' said Lemieux.

'It's really unpredictable... and the effect of spillover itself is very unpredictable, it can range from benign to an actual pandemic.'

The team now wants more research and surveillance work in the Arctic region to 'mitigate the impact of spillovers' on humans and other species.

'Obviously we've seen in the past two years what the effects of spillover can be,' said Lemieux.

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The Next Great “Mass Extinction” Is Already Here

Death is all around us, but most of us are so focused on our own little worlds that we can’t even see it.  There have been other mass extinctions throughout history, but the one that is happening right now is much different from all those that have come before.  That is because it is happening very gradually.  Over the past 50 years, billions of creatures have been wiped off the face of our planet, but it didn’t happen all at once.  It has been a slow, steady process, and the mainstream media hardly ever talks about it.  So most people don’t pay any attention to this crisis, even though it truly is an existential threat to our existence.

If all other creatures were suddenly eliminated, humanity would not survive for very long at all.

But for some reason we don’t seem to understand this.

Even though we are at the top of the food chain, we can’t afford to ignore what is going on below us.  And right now what is happening to much of the food chain is absolutely horrific.

The Living Planet Index tracks the populations of 32,000 different species, and we are being told that those 32,000 different populations have declined by an average of 69 percent since 1970…

The Living Planet Index (LPI)—which tracks populations of mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians—reveals an average 69% decrease in monitored wildlife populations since 1970. The 2022 LPI analyzed almost 32,000 species populations. It provides the most comprehensive measure of how they are responding to pressures in their environment.

69 percent!

If that doesn’t meet the definition of “mass extinction”, what does?

We have been entrusted with the care of this planet, and just about everything on it is dying.  In fact, at this point countless species of plants and animals are literally “on the verge of extinction”…

In Africa, two thirds of animal populations have been lost. In Europe, there has been an animal population decline of 18 percent. In Asia, the damage is 55 percent, and in North America, animal populations have fallen by 20 percent. The greatest losses are occurring in Latin America and throughout the Caribbean; animal populations have plummeted by 94% in these areas. Millions of species of plants and animals are now on the verge of extinction.

Marco Lambertini, director general of WWF International, said the entire organization is “extremely worried” by the new data. The data shows “a devastating fall in wildlife populations, in particular in tropical regions that are home to some of the most biodiverse landscapes in the world,” he said. This includes warm water coral reefs, which have been cut in half over the past 50 years.

Why aren’t more people concerned about this?

If we stay on the path that we are currently on, it is just a matter of time before most species are gone.

Do you think that we will be able to survive once there are thousands of giant gaps in the food chain?

Of course not.

The clock is ticking for humanity, and most people are in a deep state of sleep.

Speaking of sleep, I remember often waking up to the sound of birds when I was very young.

But now in many communities around America the birds are missing.  In fact, a report that was recently released found that birds are being wiped out in the United States at a rate that is absolutely staggering…

The Rufous Hummingbird, Greater Sage-Grouse, Pinyon Jay, and 67 other birds in the United States are teetering on the edge of disaster, having lost at least half of their populations in the past 50 years. A report released today by North American Bird Conservation Initiative (NABCI) calls these birds “Tipping Point” species, on track to lose another 50 percent of their populations in the same time frame if conservation efforts do not improve.

Given enough time, eventually they will all be gone.

What would we do then?

We have also just learned that the crab population in Alaska has suffered a decline that is truly catastrophic…

According to an annual survey of the Bering Sea floor carried out by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, estimates for the crustaceans’ total numbers fell to about 1.9 billion in 2022, down from 11.7 billion in 2018, or a reduction of about 84 percent.

For the first time ever, the Alaska Department of Fish and Game announced the Bering Sea snow crab season will remain closed for 2022-23, saying in a statement efforts must turn to “conservation and rebuilding given the condition of the stock.”

There are countless other examples just like this.

But very few people seem to care.

Meanwhile, our scientists continue to conduct experiments which could ultimately result in even more mass extinctions.  In fact, just this week it was being reported that taxpayer-funded researchers at Boston University have created a hybrid COVID virus that has “an 80 percent lethality rate”…

A senior US health official today admitted that controversial Covid manipulation research carried out in a laboratory in Boston was not authorized — despite being funded by taxpayer money.

DailyMail.com exclusively revealed yesterday that a team from Boston University had developed a hybrid Covid virus — combining the Omicron and original Wuhan strains — which had an 80 percent lethality rate.

Public records indicate it was partly paid for using a grant awarded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), one of the federal government’s main research agencies.

Only people that are completely and utterly insane would purposely create something like this.

What if it gets out somehow?

What will they do then?

The stupidity that we are witnessing is off the charts.

But unless the mainstream media makes a really big deal out of this, most of the population is simply not going to care.

And that is because most of the population does not even bother to think for themselves any longer.

For example, most of the population “supports the war in Ukraine” even though a large portion of the population literally cannot find Ukraine on a map of the world.

In this day and age, you have got to educate yourself because the system isn’t going to do it for you.

In fact, the system is not actually good for much of anything at this point.

Thanks to the system, our planet has become a toilet and billions of creatures are being wiped out all around us.

Unfortunately, what we have experienced so far is just the beginning.

Humanity just keeps making self-destructive decision after self-destructive decision, and the global elite seem quite satisfied with how things are going.

Thanks to them, we live on a dirty, filthy poisoned planet, and the clock just keeps on ticking.

• ***It is finally here! Michael’s new book entitled “7 Year Apocalypse” is now available in paperback and for the Kindle on Amazon.***
• About the Author:
  • My name is Michael and my brand new book entitled “7 Year Apocalypse” is now available on Amazon.com.  In addition to my new book I have written five other books that are available on Amazon.com including  “Lost Prophecies Of The Future Of America”, “The Beginning Of The End”, “Get Prepared Now”, and “Living A Life That Really Matters”. (#CommissionsEarned)  When you purchase any of these books you help to support the work that I am doing, and one way that you can really help is by sending digital copies as gifts through Amazon to family and friends.  Time is short, and I need help getting these warnings into the hands of as many people as possible.  I have published thousands of articles on The Economic Collapse Blog, End Of The American Dream and The Most Important News, and the articles that I publish on those sites are republished on dozens of other prominent websites all over the globe.  I always freely and happily allow others to republish my articles on their own websites, but I also ask that they include this “About the Author” section with each article.  The material contained in this article is for general information purposes only, and readers should consult licensed professionals before making any legal, business, financial or health decisions.  I encourage you to follow me on social media on Facebook and Twitter, and any way that you can share these articles with others is a great help.  These are such troubled times, and people need hope.  John 3:16 tells us about the hope that God has given us through Jesus Christ: “For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.”  If you have not already done so, I strongly urge you to ask Jesus to be your Lord and Savior today.

The post The Next Great “Mass Extinction” Is Already Here appeared first on End Of The American Dream.

Michael Snyder is the publisher of The Economic Collapse Blog, The American Dream Blog and The Truth. You can follow him on Twitter right here.

Source: 

• http://endoftheamericandream.com/the-next-great-mass-extinction-is-already-here/

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Mysterious Orb Fleet Over Brooklyn, New York July 6, 2022, - video - UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: July 6, 2022
Location of sighting: Brooklyn, New York USA
Source: MUFON

 

This report just in today at MUFON. The video shows a fleet of glowing white craft in the sky over Brooklyn. From my personal close up experience in the past I can tell you these objects are not really white, but appear white when far away, but when close up will look pearlescent mother of pearl surface that is liquid-like and slowly rotates around the craft as its colors and patterns on its surface change. One person asked me in the chat below the video on my channel..."Why do you think they are allowing themselves to be seen so much lately?" Well, I responded, "Either they figure we are ready, or the end of life as we know it is on the horizon."

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

 

Eyewitness states: 

For clarity I'm going to label these lights A, B, C, and D. My apologies in advance that I am directionally challenged, so I'm using right/left/vertical/horizontal/diagonal instead of the cardinal points, so I don't get myself mixed up. I didn't know what to put for the elevation degree, either. However, I know that we were facing SE to where our street crosses with Myrtle avenue, if that helps to make sense of the flight directions. I am out watching the sunset on my balcony almost every night, so I know the skyline well. There are often planes taking off from JFK, and there is are several low towers with red and white glowing lights. Occasionally there are helicopters. I don't know what this was, but it was not like anything my partner or I have seen before. He called me outside and I saw that one of the lights in the sky (Light A), which I had originally thought was a white light from a tower, was moving slowly, in a horizontal direction, from left to right towards another, brighter, stationary white light Light B). It then started to ascend towards another brighter, higher stationary light (light C). Its flight path formed a diagonal line between Light B and C. Light A came close to the higher light, C, and then changed direction a third time to ascend diagonally to the right. As Light A started to diagonally ascend, Light C, and another bright light (Light D), previously stationary to its left, started to move horizontally towards each other. Light C passed Light D and then continued moving quickly on, in the same direction.

Meanwhile, Light A is continuing to ascend diagonally. At this point I was concerned I wouldn't be able to capture all of the lights onscreen, so I flipped my phone camera vertically. Light C seemed to have grown dimmer and was flickering. After a few moments continuing past Light D to the left, Light C stopped and reversed its direction, heading back towards Light D again. Only light B and D remained stationary at that time, and Light B was the only light that appeared not to move at all. At this point, about two minutes into filming, I stopped because my boyfriend (completely uninterested and unfazed by this phenomenon) made me feel like I was being a nut. However, there continued to be movement for another few minutes at least, and some movement had happened shortly before I remembered to start filming. I grew up on a farm looking at the constellations, satellites, etc. and love to watch the sky in Brooklyn as well. I've never seen any objects move in a coordinated way like this, especially changing directions multiple times. I would love if someone had an explanation for this. I'm including the video I shot on my phone (iphone 11).

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

Ancient Artifacts On Planet Mars, Oct 19, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of discovery: Oct 19, 2022 (Taiwan time)

Location of discovery: Mars

Source photo:

• http://www.gigapan.com/galleries/13463/gigapans/204632

Hey I found this last night and just wanted to share it with you all. Two strange alien created artifacts that exist on the surface of Mars in a NASA photo. The first is a grandfather face at the top of the hill looking outward to the horizon. It has a thick beard and mustache and a forehead, cheeks, eyes, and nose which make me think the species that created it was related to humanity. The other artifact is a dragon head sticking upward, its face, eye, nose and mouth all visible, as well as its sharp ridges on the back of its neck. Check out the video I made today below and tell me your thoughts. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

British Airways pilot on witnessing 2 large cylindrical UFOs back in 1975

Stephen Sowerby was a pilot for British Airways when he saw two large UFOs while flying from New York to London in 1975.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

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Remembering the Gutsy and Hilarious Apollo Astronaut Jim McDivitt

Former NASA astronaut Jim McDivitt, who commanded the important Gemini IV and Apollo 9 missions – both crucial for NASA’s ability to reach the Moon — has died at age 93. His family said he passed away peacefully in his sleep on October 13, 2022.

As an Air Force Pilot, McDivitt flew 145 combat missions during the Korean War; he then became a test pilot. He was selected as an astronaut by NASA in September 1962 as part of the second astronaut class.

McDivitt was known for his sense of teamwork and gutsy leadership, as well as his sense of humor. In an oral history interview, McDivitt recalled deciding to wait for the right moment to tell his young children he was chosen to fly on Gemini IV, the mission which included the first US spacewalk, by McDivitt’s crewmate, Ed While.

“So, one Saturday morning we were sitting at our breakfast table,” McDivitt recalled. “We finally got to this dramatic moment and I said, ‘Kids, I’m going to tell you something really important. You know that dad’s an astronaut and the astronauts fly in space. I just want to let you know that I’m going to fly in space soon.’ And my older boy, Mike, who was probably seven or eight, says, ‘Oh yeah, dad, I heard that at school. And then my daughter Ann said, “Oh yeah, dad, I heard that at school, too.” And my son Patrick said, ‘Dad, there’s a fly in the milk bottle.’”

While McDivitt feelings of importance may have taken a hit that day — thanks to his children — his self-confidence was later apparent when asked why NASA chose him to fly two such important space flights.

“Well, I was the best-looking astronaut there was, and so they picked me on looks there,” McDivitt jested. “Or maybe it was personality!”

When NASA selected McDivitt as commander of the Gemini IV mission in June 1965, he became the first-ever NASA rookie to command a mission. Gemini IV was considered NASA’s most ambitious flight at the time, with White’s historic spacewalk and the longest U.S. spaceflight at the time, 4 days.

While White’s spacewalk is remembered for its historic nature and how White appeared to be having such a wonderful experience that he didn’t want to come back inside the Gemini spacecraft, McDivitt shared a little-known story of how the spacewalk almost didn’t happen because the hatch to the capsule wouldn’t open initially.

“There was a handle and a bunch of little gears with teeth on them,” McDivitt recalled, “and the teeth had to engage some of the other little gears. It was a fairly complex mechanism. And those gears weren’t really going together properly. I said, ‘Oh my God, it’s not opening!’”

McDivitt said he and White decided not to tell Mission Control about it.  “I mean, there was nothing they could do. They would’ve said, ‘No,’ I’m sure. Anyway, we went ahead and opened it up; and Ed went out and did his thing. And that was one of the reasons I was kind of anxious to have him get back inside the spacecraft, because I’d like to do this [close the hatch] in the daylight, not in the dark. But by the time he got back in, it was dark. So, when we went to close the hatch, it wouldn’t close. It wouldn’t lock. And so, in the dark I was trying to fiddle around over on the side where I couldn’t see anything, trying to get my glove down in this little slot to push the gears together. And finally, we got that done and got it latched.”

McDivitt and White had a long history, as they both attended the University of Michigan, were both in the Air Force, and had gone through the astronaut selection together.  When White died tragically in the Apollo 1 fire, McDivitt said that Ed White “was the best friend I ever had.”

While the Gemini missions often get overlooked in the run-up to the Apollo missions, McDivitt emphasized their importance.

“I think if it hadn’t been for Gemini, flying Apollo would’ve been nigh on to impossible,” he said. “Apollo could’ve been a 30-flight program with a lot of accidents if we started going to the Moon very early, if we didn’t have the coordination of skills and the reliability …in the ground or the space-borne part of it. So, it was very important.”

Four years later, in March of 1969, McDivitt commanded Apollo 9, which also sometimes gets overlooked as being a rather mundane flight. But it was a 10-day test flight in Earth orbit of the new lunar module, a “shakeout” first flight of the complete set of Apollo hardware that ultimately paved the way for NASA to successfully land humans on the Moon four months later in July 1969.

For Apollo 9, McDivitt was joined by Command Module Pilot David Scott and Lunar Module Pilot Rusty Schweickart. The crew spent 10 days in low Earth orbit, with the top priority of testing the LM and performing multiple dockings with the two spacecraft, the LM and Command Modules, simulating the maneuvers that would be performed during subsequent missions at the Moon. At one point, McDivitt and Schweickart flew the Lunar Module 160 kilometers (100 miles) away from the Command Module.  The crew also configured the lunar module to support a spacewalk by McDivitt and Schweickart, the first EVA of the Apollo program.

But early on, the mission was in jeopardy. Schweickart’s bout with space sickness in the first days of the flight caused NASA to consider bringing the crew home early and cancelling the rest of the mission.

“That would mean we might not be able to test the rendezvous and docking, meaning we might not be able to make JFK’s commitment for the US to land on the Moon by the end of the decade,” Schweickart told me back in 2018.

But Schweickart credits the great relationship between McDivitt and himself, where the crewmates had complete sense of trust with each other, where each of them knew innately the spacewalk was going to work, with Schweickart up to the task.

“To this day, I give Jim credit for having the incredible courage to have looked at me, to trust me, to have the relationship between us where he had confidence in his judgement and mine to make that critical of a decision,” Schweickart said.

And ultimately, all went well and the mission was considered a huge success. Just before the end of Apollo 9, McDivitt called down to thank the Mission Control team for all their great work, praising the performance of the team and the spacecraft. “Might give you the impression that it might work, huh?” McDivitt joked.  

But of his crewmates, McDivitt said, “We were good friends, and our lives depended on each other.”

After Apollo 9, McDivitt decided to trade the challenging job of flying the Apollo missions to the equally challenging job of supervising them, and became manager of the Apollo Spacecraft Program Office in Houston. As part of that role, it was usually his decision whether or not to continue missions after an emergency. For example, McDivitt made the recommendation to leave earth orbit after the lightning strike during Apollo 12’s launch; he was involved on multiple decisions during Apollo 13 and made recommendations to continue Apollo 16 after two significant problems with the propulsion system on the Command and Service Module.

“I think it was quite fortuitous that I had a chance to fly on Apollo 9,” McDivitt said later, “because the things I did on 9, which was really an engineering test flight, that stuff came into play so much more for me as the Program Manager when we were running into difficulties. So, when I had to make decisions on those later Apollo missions, it made me more confident that the decision I was making to go forward was really right.”

McDivitt received numerous awards during his career, including two NASA Distinguished Service Medals and the NASA Exceptional Service Medal. For his service in the U.S. Air Force, he also was awarded two Air Force Distinguished Service Medals, four Distinguished Flying Crosses, five Air Medals, and U.S. Air Force Astronaut Wings. McDivitt also received the Chong Moo Medal from South Korea, the U.S. Air Force Systems Command Aerospace Primus Award, the Arnold Air Society JFK Trophy, the Sword of Loyola, and the Michigan Wolverine Frontiersman Award.

McDivitt’s passing leaves the Apollo 8 crew as the last Apollo crew with all crew members still living.

The post Remembering the Gutsy and Hilarious Apollo Astronaut Jim McDivitt appeared first on Universe Today.

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NASA Is Hoping They Can Break the Sound Barrier… Quietly

Seventy-five years is a long time for a technology to mature. In the case of supersonic flight, the technology has matured dramatically since Chuck Yaeger first broke the sound barrier on October 14th, 1947. However, you might notice that currently, you can’t hop on a commercial supersonic jet. The reason is simple, close to seventy-five years after the technology was first developed, NASA thinks it might have a solution for its biggest hurdle.

That hurdle, of course, is the sonic “boom.” The observers of Chuck Yaeger’s inaugural flight were the first people ever to experience it. But when test planes started consistently breaking the barrier, the booms started to annoy people.

OK, that might be putting it mildly. They also shattered windows, including a notorious instance of doing so over Richard Nixon’s house in California, which caused him to complain to the Air Force about it. Interesting then that the FAA banned sonic booms over land in 1973, during Nixon’s presidency.

cNet video explaining Quesst program–

 https://www.youtube.com/watch/hcHW1LZrzI0

Banning a physical phenomenon associated with your flight style definitely puts a crimp on the commercial development of supersonic engines. While they were still usable over the ocean, commercial development dried up as there weren’t enough routes serving destinations only over oceans where having such a fast plane might be profitable. One exception is the famous Concorde, which stopped operations in 2003, though there are plenty of potential successors to it, such as the Overture Jet.

Those successors might become obsolete before they even launch if NASA has anything to do with it. Their researchers found that sonic booms aren’t necessary to break the sound barrier – they just happen when the aerodynamics around the object going that fast aren’t optimized.

Enter the Quiet SuperSonic Technology (QueSST). Though its name might be slightly confusing, its intention is straightforward enough – develop a jet that can go supersonic without creating a sonic boom. 

Sonic Booms explained by NASA – Credit – NASA YouTube Channel

Quesst’s current prototype, the X-59, is a successor of the X-1 that Yeager used in his first supersonic flight. NASA’s so confident in their new design lowering the impact of sonic booms that one of Quesst’s mission goals is to fly the X-59 over populated areas and see if people living in them even care.

While that might just seem like a public relation stunt, it’s arguably an effective way to get a regulatory agency (i.e., the FAA) to agree that your new technology is citizen-friendly, thereby unlocking the pathway to future commercial supersonic jet trips.

It remains to be seen if airlines, or aircraft manufacturers for that matter, would take up the challenge of creating another commercial supersonic jet. Still, after 75 years, it’s good to know that humans can still take time to improve a technology if there’s enough incentive to.

Learn More:

• NASA – NASA Poised to Break Sound Barrier in New Way
• UT – How Fast is Mach One?
• UT – NASA Will Be Building a Quiet, Supersonic Aircraft: the X-59
• UT – NASA Begins Construction of its New Quiet Supersonic Plane

Lead ImageARtist

• Artist conception of the X-59 in flight.
  Credit – Lockheed Martin

The post NASA is Hoping They can Break the Sound Barrier… Quietly appeared first on Universe Today.

Source: 

• https://www.universetoday.com/158128/nasa-is-hoping-they-can-break-the-sound-barrier-quietly/

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

• https://www.universetoday.com/158086/shortly-before-they-collided-two-black-holes-tangled-spacetime-up-into-knots/

Dark journalist Daniel Liszt interviews John W. Warner IV, the son of Mellon Heiress Catherine Mellon and Senator Warner of Virginia.

SECRET NAVY UFO FILE TIMELINE and the AUTEC TUAOI STONE UFO CONNECTION.

John W. Warner IV goes deep on his family connections to the The Cosmos Club known as the UFO Bilderberg. He also explains how his father, Secretary of the Navy John Warner had knowledge of Secret Navy AUTEC experiments in the HotZone to extract the Atlantean Tuaoi Stone (Also called the Fire Stone) from the Ocean Floor and classified Top Secret UFO Salvaging Operations. 

AUTEC (Atlantic Undersea Test and Evaluation Center - Navys Area 51) 

Since its construction in 1959 there are many strange reports of USO and UFO activity all around AUTEC. Stories of Aliens working with NAVY personnel in a deep underwater base just of the Bahamas at the tip of the Bermuda Triangle in one of the deepest trenches in the ocean. 

The Atlantean Tuaoi Stone: The most prominent factor in Cayce's predictions is the Tuaoi Stone, or the Fire Crystal. It was a source of rejuvenation of the Atlanteans' bodies and a power source for their technology. Cayce's description of this six sided, cylindrical quartz and its abilities resembles that of a present day laser beam, using a type of ultraviolent light energy to power 

• Mystery of the Crystal Sphere of Atlantis   (A must read).

Version of The Atlantean Sphere on 11/11/11 at the Mayan Crystal Skull Conference in Los Angeles - Photos by Robyn Swick 

Uses of  the ancient Crystals:

01. Healing, childbirth, crossing over 

02. Meditation, awakening, increasing psychic abilities 

03. Increasing mental capacity and clarity of thought 

04. Science and technology 

05. Dematerialization 

06. Teleportation 

07. Telekinesis 

08. Magnetic force fields 

09. Libraries 

10. Storing records and other knowledge, much like a computer 

11. Botany and agriculture 

12. Weather Control 

13. Huge crystal tower power generators 

14. Communication 

Crystals have the ability to transfer energy, to retain it, to maintain its intensity, to focus and transmit it over great distance to similar receivers as are equal or comparable to the transmitter. The larger stones, called Fire Crystals, were the central receiving and broadcasting stations, while others acted as receivers for individual cities, buildings, vehicles and homes. 

John W. Warner IV said that clandestine intelligence structures have kept dramatic leaps in exotic ancient UFO technology behind a lethal Wall of Secrecy (X-Protect). Warner asks the question: Can the X-Technology inside the UFO File be made accessible to the world?

  

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/  }

Huge fast UFO filmed over Mexico City 16-Oct-2022

Check out this short but really fascinating UFO footage of a solid unidentified flying object flying across the sky above Mexico City. This happened on 16th October 2022.

Witness report: 

At 19:29 hrs. I spotted something coming my way, grabbed the phone and started taping. It wasn’t making any noises neither had it any lights. Could had been a balloon, what do you think?

Don’t forget to follow us on Twitter for the latest UFO videos & photos.

Link: twitter.com/LatestUFOs

{  https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

Security guard Pier Fortunato Zanfretta’s alien abduction experience, Italy, 1978 – hypnosis tape

On the night of December 6, 1978, a security guard named Pier Fortunato Zanfretta was found in a terror-stricken state near the country house known as Casa Nostra in Marzano of Torriglia, which is in Genoa, Italy.

Upon waking up, Zanfretta said he saw a massive alien that looked like a flabby suit. He then said he saw an alien ship that looked like a massive triangular shaped object. After a few minutes, the alien flew away. During a recurring hypnosis session, the man said he was dragged inside the alien ship and subjected to an intense examination.

An investigation by the military police, known as the Carabinieri, revealed that 52 people saw a large flying saucer in the sky that evening. They also found a three-meter-long mark in the meadow where the security guards found Zanfretta. The incident has left the people of Torriglia still thinking about the third kind.

{  https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

Less Ice and Low Water Levels Reveal Hidden Treasures – At A Price

For the world of archaeology, climate change is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, receding ice and falling water levels are bringing to the surface entire villages and ruins of civilizations. On the other hand, climate change is also causing erratic weather cycles, including wetter winters, and unseasonal humidity is wreaking havoc on ancient artifacts, causing widespread disintegration and erosion.

Once an item like wood, for example, is freed from ice, it runs the risk of rapidly crumbling unless stored immediately in a freezer. Nevertheless, as droughts, wildfires, and melting glaciers have become the norm, shipwrecks, corpses, ghost villages, bridges, monuments, have come to the fore.

Ancient Origins has been reporting on global warming related discoveries for the last ten years and here are just a few climate change changes related to archaeology.

A few of the ancient artifacts revealed by climate change on the melting Lendbreen ice patch in Norway.

(Glacier Archaeology Program & J. Wildhagen / Antiquity Publications Ltd )

Climate Change Gifts From The Melting Lendbreen Ice Patch

In Norway’s Jotunheim mountains, the Lendbreen ice patch was once a vital pass for Viking Age traffic, extensively used by the Vikings and medieval travelers from as far away as Rome. In 2011, the year of “The Great Melt,” the famously hidden pass revealed itself, and has since then provided the most archaeological finds from any ice patch in the world (though a Swiss Alps site is also worth noting). This includes hundreds of pre-historic cairns, a beeswax candle box, a 1,300 year-old-ski, an iron horseshoe, and an ancient Roman sandal .

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"It's like a time machine... the ice has not been this small for many, many centuries," said Lars Piloe, the Dane heading a team of "snow patch archaeologists," in an interview with The Guardian .

In 2016, ancient reindeer hunting arrowheads were discovered in the southern Jotunheim range.

Permafrost places like Alaska and Siberia have also yielded these types of finds, including the famous Otzi “the Iceman,” found in the Italian Alps.

In February of 2022, Antarctica sea ice cover shrank to a record low, which helped solve a great maritime mystery. A research vessel from South Africa used this opportunity to explore the Weddell Sea off the Antarctica coastline, where they finally found Sir Ernest Shackleton’s ship, lost to the ice in 1915.

The sunken village of Baitings and its famous packhorse bridge, pictured below the modern car bridge, have been exposed by record drought and heat for the first time since the mid-1950s.

(YouTube screenshot / velomoho)

The UK Heatwave: Secret Gardens and a Sunken Village

As the UK comes to terms with its unprecedented heatwave, where temperatures in some places have shot up to over 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit), emergency measures are being undertaken. These include hosepipe bans and rationing of fresh water.

A secret Derbyshire garden , hidden for 300 years, was revealed by a heatwave. This florid 17th-century landscape is being called the Great Parterre and boasts an intricate display of flower beds and paths. This is after temperatures in the region crossed 38 degrees Celsius (100 degrees Fahrenheit), the highest on record for over 100 years.

Over the weekend, Ancient Origins reported on the reappearance of a sunken Yorkshire village . The reason? The water levels of the reservoir had sunken to such a low that the erstwhile village of Baitings, which had been submerged in the 1950s, was suddenly visible again. Along with the village, the famous centuries-old packhorse bridge was also exposed due to massively diminished water levels.

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Aerial view of the excavations revealing the Mitani Empire settlement of Kemune,, which was revealed by huge drops in the level of the Tigris River in Iraq.

( © Universities of Freiburg and Tübingen, KAO )

Tigris River Drought Reveals Mitani Empire City

The region of Mesopotamia, one where Neolithic civilization began, has been witnessing devastating droughts for the past 20 years. The major Euphrates and Tigris rivers have been sucked dry by illegal irrigation, damming policies, and human overuse.

This year, the same story repeated itself. Extreme drought like conditions in Iraq caused the water levels of the Tigris to drop rapidly, revealing a 3,400 year old Mitani Empire settlement .

Back in 2018-19, a palace from this ancient urban center had emerged from the waters for the same reason: drought. Due to large amounts of water being drawn from the Mosul reservoir over the winter, along with the sustained drought, this year the entire city in the Kurdistan region was visible and explorable.

16th century Church Emerges From Mexican Reservoir

A 400-year-old Spanish colonial church, the Temple of Santiago, emerged in 2015 from the depths of the Nezahualcoyotl reservoir in Chiapas, Mexico. A massive drought that year caused the water level to drop by 82 feet (25 meters), revealing the colonial church which had disappeared under the reservoir water back in 1966. Also known as the Temple of Quechula, it was first built in the mid-1600s by a group of Dominican monks headed by Friar Bartolome de la Casas.

• Top image: Dried up lake with boat, a scene now more common due to climate change.
• Source: maxcam / Adobe Stock

By Sahir Pandey

{ https://www.ancient-origins.net/ }

The ‘Space Balls’ – A case of mistaken identity

Posted by: Antonio Huneeus  

The “space ball” found recently in Namibia, now in the possession of that country’s National Forensic Science Institute.

(Credit: AFP Photo)

The recent story of a mysterious “space ball” found in Namibia, Africa last November, which baffled for a while that country’s National Forensic Science Institute, has now been identified as a type of space debris known as a Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessel (COPV), according to a story posted by Discovery News. The metallic ball discovered in a Namibian grassland is 1.1 meter in diameter and weighs 13 pounds.

One of the space spheres on display at the UFO Vision Museum in Victoria, Argentina; photo of George Adamski in the background.

(Credit: Open Minds Production)

I am, in fact, quite familiar with these objects since I published a short article about them as a sidebar to my feature story, “3 International UFO Crashes” in Open Minds magazine Issue 8 (June/July 2011). The gist of that article dealt with three mysterious incidents involving possible UFO crashes in Shag Harbour, Canada (1967), Tarija, Bolivia (1978) and Dalnegorsk, Russia (1986), all of which were officially investigated at the time and still remain unexplained.

The sidebar, “The Metallic Spheres – a case of mistaken identity,” however, did not remain unidentified, and was put there as an example of so-called space mysteries that can be successfully explained, although some ufologists prefer to keep the mystery alive and suggest they may be of alien origin. These metallic balls have been falling to different parts of the Earth—mostly in Africa and Latin America—for a number of years, causing sometimes a bit of stir in the local press. They are on exhibit in at least two museums in Argentina. Hoping to discourage further confusion with real UFO-related stuff, we post below my article from Open Minds magazine, adding several photos that were not used in the original print copy.

THE METALLIC SPHERES – A CASE OF MISTAKEN IDENTITY

Two space spheres on display in the patio of the Firmat Museum in Santa Fe, Argentina.

(Credit: Open Minds Production)

Some of the Project Moon Dust documents declassified by the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) include reports of mysterious metallic spheres found scattered in many countries around the world like Bolivia, Chad, and New Zealand. Other similar cases not in the DIA documents were reported in Argentina and Mexico. Usually these cases were readily identified as some kind of space junk, but occasionally they were treated as fragments from crashed UFOs. A couple of these spheres are even on display at the “Visión OVNI” (UFO Vision) Museum in Victoria in the province of Entre Ríos, Argentina. Among the Mexican cases, one was found in Chiapas in 1996, two in Tamaulipas in 1994 and 1996, and another obtained by famous TV journalist Jaime Maussán in 2008, all of which were claimed as possibly UFO-related fragments. Yet there can be little doubt that all these “space balls” are mundane parts of the Russian or American space programs and not real UFO artifacts.

Here is a representative Moon Dust memo from the Republic of Chad in Africa, dated October 10, 1970:

This report forwards photographs of object believed to come under Project ‘MOON DUST’. The object was seen falling in an area 30 kms N.E. of LAI (0924N-1618E) on 1 August 1970. It produced three loud explosions on landing and was said to have burned for five days. The sphere weighs 30 pounds and has a circumference of four feet. A second object was found in the same general area. It however, resembles an automobile shaft. Photographs of this object are forwarded.

A longer Moon Dust document, dated August 17, 1979, concerns “an unidentified object having been found on a farm near Santa Cruz” in Bolivia, described as “about three times the size of a basketball.” The document quoted the director of the Air Force Academy, Col. Ariel Coca, as stating, “The sphere is made of special light alloy but very resistant, possibly a fuel tank or a part of a satellite! The object does not have any signs or marks that could identify its origin nor the country to which it belongs.”

Two views of the space sphere that fell in Mexico in 2008, now in the possession of Jaime Maussán. Notice the extensive damage inflicted due to reentry.

(Credit: Open Minds Production)

The argument in favor of the extraterrestrial origin of these spheres made by some ufologists in Mexico and Argentina is that they are extremely hard, almost impossible to burn or cut.

Cover of the Mexican magazine Contacto Ovni in the 1990s with the headline, 'The Mystery of the Spheres.'

(Credit: Contacto Ovni)

But this is what you would expect of a fuel tank for a spacecraft, designed to be ejected for earth reentry once the fuel is used; it has to be made of metals able to withstand the space launch or the satellite or spacecraft could be in danger. Mexican engineer Luis Ruiz Noguez, a well-known UFO skeptic, explained that the alloy, which is composed of titanium, vanadium, and aluminum, shown in the 1994 and 1996 Mexican spheres “is chiefly utilized in the manufacture of fuel tanks for artificial satellites due to their high resistance to corrosion and temperature.” While the spheres at Argentina’s Visión OVNI Museum are exhibited as true UFO artifacts, the local Firmat Museum in Santa Fe, Argentina has a couple of similar spheres that the Russian space program has acknowledged as part of a Russian space probe.

If you still have any doubt about the provenance of these objects, checkout Paul Maley’s Space Debris website, to see images of a number of these “space balls” of varying sizes and conditions found around the world. These spheres provide a useful cautionary tale in learning how to distinguish prosaic man-made space objects from true unknown devices. There is a good possibility that many so-called UFO crashes have a terrestrial origin, but others are still enigmatic and so far unexplained.

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‘Clearest Photo Ever’ of a Huge UFO, Advanced Military Tech, Or Just A Rock In Water?

A team of British UFO researchers has released the “clearest UFO photograph ever”. However, sceptics say it’s a triangular rock reflected in water.

For many, this photograph is the smoking-gun of alien visitation and for others it reveals an advanced U.S. spy plane. However, for sceptics, it’s a diamond-shaped rock being reflected in water.

The original Calvine photograph now released to the public, showing the ‘apparently’ diamond-shaped object.

(Reproduced with permission of Sheffield Hallam University/Craig Lindsay).

Traditionally, Unidentified Flying Objects ( UFOs) are presented in out-of-focus photographs and shaky videos taken at night. Sceptics say they “have to be blurry” otherwise they would be revealed as birds, balloons, drones and distant aircraft.

Last Friday, however, a UK professor and a team of British UFO investigators released what they are calling the “'Best' UFO Picture Ever”. And it's causing something of a stir. Not because it is definitive proof of extra-terrestrials, but because many believe the huge diamond shape might be advanced American technology being tested in Scotland.

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Until the release of the new Calvine photograph, the UFO community had only this crude line-drawing reproduction of one of the six images, which was created by the British air-force for imagery analysis. 

(Crown Copyright).

After Ten Minutes “It Shot Straight Up Into The Air” 

Back in August 1990, about 35 miles northwest of Perth in the Highlands of Scotland, at around 9pm at night, two walkers took 6 photographs of what appears to be a huge diamond-shaped UFO “hovering” in the sky. A supposed military aircraft is seen beside the object. The two-witnesses estimated the “craft” was around 30 meters (100 feet) in length and they said it “shot straight up into the air” and vanished.

Dr David Clarke is an associate professor at Sheffield Hallam University in England who formerly worked at Britain's National Archives. Clarke, who is now a bona fide investigative-journalist, spent several years researching the story and he eventually found former Royal Air Force (RAF) press officer, Craig Lindsay, who had a photocopy of one of the 6 photographs. David Clarke is also a member of the UAP Media UK , the team of UFO/UAP researchers who released the Calvine photograph. Just in case you don’t already know, of late, the popular term UFO has been challenged by the more scientific and less ‘green’ term, unidentified aerial phenomena (UAP).

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Large triangular UFOs/UAP were recorded in the 1561 AD celestial event over Nuremberg. Believers of extraterrestrial visitors say the image depicts an aerial UFO battle and sceptics lean towards the sun dog phenomenon.

( Public Domain )

For any readers already leaning towards the image being a modern CGI fake, you should know that Andrew Russell, a Senior Lecturer in Photography at Sheffield Hallam University has confirmed its age and authenticity.

The Advanced American Tech Angle

When the six photos were taken back in 1990 they were given to Scotland's Daily Record newspaper and also to the Ministry of Defence (MoD). Until now, none of the six images have ever been seen by the public. Currently, the most popular skeptical opinion on #UFOTwitter is that the object is a triangular rock in a lake or pond being reflected to form the ‘apparent’ diamond shape. And the “military aircraft” is either a boat sailing around an island or an actual plane in the sky, also being reflected in the water.

In an effort to contextualize the photograph I asked Vinnie Adams from UAP Media UK if “any other such craft were reported in the UK around this time.” Vinnie said:

“While the Calvin image represents the only photograph, other reports of advanced American technology in the UK exist around that time ".

Calvine Was One Part Of A Greater UFO Flap

The Calvine event occurred in August, 1990. Only two and a half years later, on 13th December 1992, the Scottish Herald announced that a “huge UFO scudded through the sky at supersonic speed over Sullom Voe oil terminal in Shetland, glowing white, red and orange.” One of the 19 eyewitnesses, Mr John Winchester, the Coastguard officer at Sullom Voe said “it was moving faster than a jet fighter aircraft but slower than a shooting star''.

Sullom Voe oil terminal in Shetland, the site of the 1990 UFO sighting.

(Mike Pennington / Sullom Voe Terminal / CC BY-SA 2.0 )

Lerwick Observatory was “unaware of any natural phenomena such as ball lightning” and Britain's most northerly air defense radar station reported that “nothing unusual had been spotted on radar”. Furthermore, air traffic controllers told coastguards there was “no military or civilian aircraft in the area at the time of the sightings.”

Back To The Advanced American Tech Angle

Researching deeper into the Shetland UFO sighting I entered the CIAs reading room database and discovered a fascinating document dated 14 December 1992, which was only 2 days after the incident in Shetland. The CIA recorded a London journalist, Simon Tisdal’s, report on the 19 eyewitness accounts: “The large white fast-moving UFO took off at 5,500 MPH” said one Shetlander. Furthermore, Tisdal reported that this UFO event “coincided with reports of an ultra-top-secret American plane with a top speed of 5,500 MPH (Mach 8 or eight times the speed of sound)”.

CIA document about the Shetland UFO.

( CIA)

Tisdal wrote, and the CIA recorded, that the UFO was a replacement for the Lockheed “SR-71 spy plane,” better known as the “ Blackbird,” and that the new craft could “get to the other side of the globe in 3 hours.” By the time the craft had warmed up in the US “it could be over Scotland, taking three countries to come to a stop” and this great speed is why “testing could not be restricted to US Airspace,” according to Tisdal in the CIA report.

In 1992, the US Pentagon imposed a “no-comment zone” over the Shetland UFO story until May 2000 when it was declassified. And in the UK last year the government slapped a classified restriction on releasing the names of the two Calvine photographers until 2076.

With all this classification, it is of little wonder that so many people think the US and British militaries are covering something up. And why would 6 photo negatives showing a ‘reflected rock in a pond’ just disappear from the MOD?

Probing The Most Probable

It is not uncommon for the MOD to protect the names of their staff and civilians for their “lifetimes”, which is estimated at the upper-age of 100. This reasoning accounts for why the Calvine case files have been embargoed until 2076. But what still remains a mystery, and a really fascinating one too, is the fact that a team of MOD photographic experts and several independent experts have inspected the photographs and none of them have yet suggested the object is a reflected island in a loch, or a rock.

Maybe this last observation, that so many supposed pros all missed something so mundane, is the reason the case has been classified. The MOD can’t really claim to protect a nation from foreign warcrafts if they can’t determine fighter planes from rocks. If this is the case, then what we have here is an MOD operational (slip-up) cover-up.

• Top image: Close up portion of the newly released ‘best UFO photo’.
• Source: Reproduced with permission of Sheffield Hallam University/Craig Lindsay

By Ashley Cowie

{ https://www.ancient-origins.net/ }

The Truth About the Black Knight Satellite Conspiracy Theory

Some believe it’s an extraterrestrial spacecraft. NASA says it’s probably just space junk. Here are the facts.

BY CAROLINE DELBERT AND COURTNEY LINDER

Photo illustration by Alyse Markel using NASA photo

Take a good look at the photograph above. NASA captured this image of a mysterious black object orbiting the Earth in 1998, during the first Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS).

The space agency refers to the strange entity as item STS088-724-66 in its catalogue of space junk floating in low-Earth orbit (within 1,200 miles). Jerry Ross, an astronaut who took part in that mission, says that the object is a wayward thermal blanket that broke loose while his team tried to attach an American module to a Russian module on the ISS. But for a small, devoted following, it’s a 13,000-year-old, artificially made satellite known as the Black Knight satellite. So, could this peculiar object really have come from ancient aliens? Or is it just an innocuous piece of space debris?

Nikola Tesla (1856-1943), Serbian-American physicist, sitting in his Colorado Springs laboratory with his “Magnifying transmitter” in 1899.

Mondadori Portfolio//Getty Images

The facts surrounding the Black Knight are cobbled together from a number of tales. It begins with Nikola Tesla, who said that he had received radio signals from space during his 1899 radio experiments in Colorado Springs. Martians, he believed, were attempting to communicate with humans through numbers, since they’re a universal language.

In a February 1901 Collier’s Weekly article, Tesla recounted his experience: “The changes I noted were taking place periodically and with such a clear suggestion of number and order that they were not traceable to any cause then known to me… The feeling is constantly growing on me that I had been the first to hear the greeting of one planet to another.”

Black Knight truthers cite this as the first sign of their satellite, which sent the radio pulses. Scientists have since determined that those radio pulses were most likely naturally occurring signals that space objects emit while in orbit. The prevailing theory, while still unlikely, is that Tesla heard a pulsar, or a faraway celestial body that emits regular pulses of radio waves. Sure, the Black Knight could have emitted such pulses, but that still doesn’t make it alien in nature.

Rocky debris (brown) surrounding a pulsar (center).

JPL-CALTECH/NASA/SPL//Getty Images

Still, the theory that aliens were communicating with Earth through radio pulses propagated even further in 1927 when civil engineer and ham radio operator Jørgen Hals stumbled upon an unusual quality to his radio signals. As he transmitted from his home in Oslo, the signals would unexpectedly return to him moments later. Hals perceived this as an alien phenomenon.

Nearly 50 years later, an article in Analog Science Fiction and Fact tried to make sense of Hals’s radio echoes. The author, Duncan Lunan, posited that a 13,000-year-old object orbiting the moon could have led to the long-delayed echoes (the 13,000 figure having to do with the positioning of the North Pole star, Polaris). “I tried plotting the delay times against the order in which the echoes were received...and at only the second attempt I found what looked like a star map,” Lunan said in 1998. However, we now recognize those signals as “long-delayed echoes” that you can hear about 2.7 seconds or more after a radio transmission. And Lunan has since distanced himself from the Black Knight theory.

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One more bit of disjointed speculation: In 1960, TIME published a story noting that the U.S. Navy had detected an unidentified satellite that may have been a piece of Soviet spy technology. It turned out to be a broken-off piece of the Discoverer 5—an early U.S. photo reconnaissance (spy) satellite—but believers still point to this as definitive proof.

Like any good conspiracy theory, the Black Knight satellite has a few fun hooks, plus some high-​profile boosts that add a sheen of credibility to the story. In 1963, for instance, Project Mercury astronaut Gordon Cooper supposedly reported seeing a UFO during his 15th orbit while aboard the Faith 7 spacecraft, according to the U.K.’s Armagh Observatory and Planetarium. Never mind that Cooper has since produced transcripts to the contrary, stating that he never saw an alien spacecraft during that particular mission—Black Knight devotees still include this history in the conspiracy theory origin story.

“It’s astonishing that there aren’t more conspiracy theories about stuff in space.”

But the Black Knight satellite is almost certainly the series of discrete events that explain it away: Tesla hearing pulsars or some other natural signal, Hals receiving an echo, TIME reporting on a secret U.S. government satellite in good faith, and the astronauts of the ISS seeing a lost blanket in orbit.

From a psychological perspective, it makes sense that people want to believe in the Black Knight satellite, says Alice Gorman, Ph.D., an associate professor at Flinders University in Adelaide, Australia, who studies space archaeology.

“It’s astonishing that there aren’t more conspiracy theories about stuff in space,” she says. “It’s really difficult to see details on stuff in Earth’s orbit, even through really high-powered telescopes. So when you can’t see it, then you can imagine anything about it.”

While NASA and other space organizations keep catalogs of the space debris that they encounter, these lists are still incomplete and dependent on nations sharing sometimes sensitive data.

“There’s stuff that might have a catalog number, but we don’t actually know what it is,” she says. “That makes it a bit easier to say, ‘Well, here’s this mysterious object that comes from somewhere else.’”

As for the photo that supposedly depicts the Black Knight? Gorman says that because the image shows a large cross-section of the thermal blanket in orbit, it looks to the human eye like a large, solid object. That means the image could be nothing more than an optical illusion, which isn’t too shocking when you consider that people also commonly mistake birds and airplanes for UFOs, she says.

And there’s still this glaring hole in the Black Knight satellite conspiracy theory: How exactly does an object stay in orbit for 13,000 years? “You have to use fuel and have rocket engines and stuff to just stay up there... Is this some amazing new propulsion system that we don’t know anything about yet on Earth?” Gorman wonders.

NASA captured this image during the STS-88 Space Shuttle mission while 246 miles above the coast of Namibia and looking north.

---

🛸 How the Black Knight Could Exist

Let’s pretend for a moment that the Black Knight satellite really does exist. How could it slip by unnoticed for 13,000 years? Gorman has a few ideas. The first: mimic one of the small pieces of space junk that are no larger than 10 centimeters in size—space organizations exercise more scrutiny over larger objects. “We’re going to assume that aliens have much more advanced technology than us, so something [that size] could be just as advanced as something the size of a house.”

To avoid collisions with other scraps of space junk, aliens could develop miniaturized force field technology to keep their probe from getting hit, Gorman says. And thinking long-term, there’s the possibility that Earth could eventually have its own ring system—made up entirely of space junk in the “graveyard orbit,” about 190 miles above most working satellites. If and when that day comes, the Black Knight will have a decision to make, Gorman says: “Will it join this ring and risk detection, or run away and hide?”

— Courtney Linder

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{ https://www.popularmechanics.com/ }

Alien Contactee Nadira Duran Said Greys Are Future Humans In Fragile Bodies Who Cannot Give Birth

Before she was born, a huge white light had visited her parents and instructed them on how to raise her. They were told that heavenly beings would give their daughter spiritual knowledge for healing humans. When she was born, her face was covered with two veils (normally, there is one that rarely occurs fewer than 1 in 80,000 births), and after the nurse removed it, she saw her skin glowing and called it a “magic skin.”

At that time, her parents lived in a desert in California, and many people wanted to see her magic skin which lasted for 10 days, but her parents were very protective, so they left the place and went to her grandfather’s house in Oregon. Nadira lived there among the farmers and loggers and often went on exploring the place with her younger brother. She said that she had been visited by a not very tall ET many times (whom she designated as the “Cat Man”) when she was only 5 or 6. But it came only in summer, not in other seasons.

“I was small for my age and he had a round face he had curled up eyes very small just like little slits that curled up oh he had yellowish skin which was rough and bumpy you know how you get goosebumps. This is how his skin was and then he had big yellow spots and then from here he had these wild what I thought was hairs they could have been some kind of feelers or something but in my mind’s eye I have always referred to him as a cat man,” Nadira said.

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She had lots of conversations with this ET, and he shared some highly advanced information with Nadira which could only be revealed to the future generation. She learned spirituality under the watchful eye of archangels Micheal, Gabriel, Raphael, Sunder Singh, etc. She accepted that she had no power on her own, and whatever she got was taught by the spirits she applied in healings. Moreover, she does channelings.

Nadira had an interesting incident in her life when she was in her twenties and went to San Francisco with her friend Mary on a business trip. Inadvertently, they found themselves on the wrong way while returning. Mary noticed that they were heading to the Golden Gate Bridge which was not in their path. They felt like under hypnosis of something. The night was clear, but the bridge was covered with a thick fog, and there was no sign of people on it.

Mary was trying hard to accelerate the car, but it did not go fast. Then Nadira looked out of the window and found themselves above the bridge. Her friend’s reaction was rather positive than being shocked. That’s it, she only remembered the part of being lifted up but did not see any ship or light. Next, they were parked somewhere near a hotel and sitting for long in a car till the next morning. What they had witnessed was actually a “Lost Time.” They had no clue what had happened but they lost around 13 hours.

Nadira already knew that they had been abducted by the aliens but did not want her friend to know about it. Somehow, Mary’s boyfriend did hypnosis on her and shockingly, she recalled everything that had happened in those lost hours.

Anyway, they both never discussed it, and years later, in the mid-1980s, Nadira went for a laparoscopy. Her tests were normal, everything was fine but her gall bladder and a rib were missing. Interestingly, she thought it was a mistake because she had never had any surgery, and there is no surgery mark on her abdomen. Later, she recalled her abduction that had happened in the 70s and then found out that an advanced ET technician had removed her gall bladder for goodness. What’s more, she met an alien on the ship, whom she called the “Commander.”

The Commander told her that she was special, not like others. The ship had panels with symbols like ancient languages, and each symbol represented different universes. The Commander took her on a ride to a universe where she saw a purple and pink planet with beings on it. They were smaller in size but had no flesh on their body. Then she returned to the place where they began.

Nadira had many contacts with the Commander who was actually a female Grey alien in a special bodysuit and face mask. The alien told her that their bodies were very fragile, and any germ or bacteria from her could kill them. Their race had a very weak immune system, they had lost the ability to give birth, their women could not get pregnant and outnumbered the men. So, to strengthen her (Grey) race, they had been mixing themselves with humans.

Surprisingly, the Commander told her that they were actually from the Earth and time-traveled from the future to find her through genetic codes. The grey told her about a great disaster that would come in the future, and that the “New World Order” would destroy humanity. Nadira saw a scene of 9/11 and various riots that were going to happen in the future through time travel The grey alien told her that there were people who wanted to enslave humans. Their biggest goal was only to start a war and earn money. Those people were not any world leaders or presidents.

The commander said: “Ones who are in power today on your earth rule you by fear. The ones who are in power are not the ones that are the kings and the presidents. There are a select few that are in power, these are the ones that want the New World Order these are the ones that want to enslave the people of Earth. These are the ones who will be the downfall of Earth because they are warmongers these are the ones that are wanting to make money because money is their God.”

Nadira said that her main purpose on Earth is to enlighten humans about infinite love which is their only chance to survive, otherwise they would end up like the Greys. From her knowledge that she received from spirits and the Cat Man, she wants to help people to have peace.

• References:

{ https://www.howandwhys.com/ }

 VERGEET GROENE ALIENS IN VLIEGENDE SCHOTELS; KWAADAARDIGE INVASIES KOMEN MOGELIJK UIT DE HOEK VAN ONBEKENDE MICROBEN

Vivian Lammerse

Bronmateriaal:

• ""Alien" invasions and the need for planetary biosecurity" - American Institute of Biological Sciences (via EurekAlert)
• Interview met Anthony Ricciardi
• Afbeelding bovenaan dit artikel: Enrique Meseguer via Pixabay

{https://scientias.nl/ }

RECORD VERPLETTERD? MOGELIJK KRACHTIGSTE GAMMAFLITS OOIT WAARGENOMEN

Jeannette Kras

Mogelijk is de krachtigste gammaflits ooit waargenomen. Hij vond plaats op 2,4 miljard lichtjaar van de Aarde, wat relatief dichtbij is. Astronomen van over de hele wereld haastten zich om de nasleep ervan te onderzoeken. 

In de vroege ochtend van 14 oktober wisten astronomen met de Gemini-Zuid-telescoop in Chili de nasleep vast te leggen van een van de krachtigste explosies die ooit is geregistreerd. Het ging om gammaflits GRB221009A. De flits werd waarschijnlijk veroorzaakt door de explosie van een supernova waardoor een zwart gat gevormd werd.

Record verpulverd
De gigantische kosmische explosie is een van de dichtstbijzijnde en mogelijk krachtigste gammaflitsen ooit waargenomen. De GRB (gamma-ray burst) vond plaats in de Boogschutter-constellatie. Op 9 oktober wisten telescopen in de ruimte de gammaflits voor het eerst te detecteren. Daarop gingen twee teams met de Gemini-Zuid aan de slag om zo snel mogelijk de nagloed vast te leggen van deze unieke explosie.

“De uitzonderlijk lange GRB221009A is de helderste GRB ooit geregistreerd en zijn nagloed verplettert alle records op alle golflengtes”, aldus Brendan O’Connor van een van de twee onderzoeksteams. “Omdat deze explosie zo helder is en zo dichtbij denken we dat het een unieke kans is om enkele fundamentele vragen te kunnen beantwoorden omtrent deze explosies, van de vorming van zwarte gaten tot het testen van donkere materiemodellen.”

BOAT
Astronomen denken dat de gammaflits het gevolg is van de instorting van een gigantische ster, die vele malen meer massa heeft dan onze zon. Dat heeft geleid tot een extreem krachtige supernova, waardoor een zwart gat ontstond en we op aarde zelfs nog de nasleep konden waarnemen. “In ons team verwijzen we naar de gammaflits als ‘BOAT’, de Brightest Of All Time, omdat als je naar de gammaflitsen kijkt die telescopen sinds de jaren 90 hebben vastgelegd, deze een uitzondering vormt”, zegt collega Jillian Rastinejad. “Gemini’s gevoeligheid en zijn diverse instrumenten helpen ons om de optische tegenhangers van GRB221009A veel later te observeren dan de meeste andere telescopen op de grond kunnen waarnemen. Zo kunnen we achterhalen wat deze uitbarsting van gammastraling zo extreem helder en krachtig maakt.”

Als zwarte gaten zich vormen, stoten ze krachtige stralen met deeltjes uit die bijna net zo snel gaan als het licht. Deze jets zenden röntgen- en gammastralen uit terwijl ze de ruimte inschieten. Als deze stralen richting de Aarde gaan, kunnen wij ze zien als heldere gammaflitsen.

Unieke kans
Een gammaflits van de helderheid van GRB221009A zien we waarschijnlijk de komende decennia en misschien zelfs de komende eeuwen niet meer. Maar de gevolgen van deze flits houden wetenschappers nog jaren bezig door op zoek te gaan naar antwoord op vragen als: wat is het effect van storingen in de ionosfeer van de Aarde op de straling van de GRB221009A? En hoe kunnen de zeer krachtige 18 TeV-fotonen, die een Chinese telescoop waarnam, ons begrip van de natuurkunde omverwerpen door een reis van 2,4 miljard lichtjaar te overleven?

Deze gammaflits is vanwege zijn nabijheid tot de Aarde ook een unieke kans om de oorsprong van elementen die zwaarder zijn dan ijzer beter te begrijpen: komen ze enkel van botsende neutronensterren of ook van instortende sterren die GRB’s veroorzaken? “De Gemini-observaties maken het mogelijk om deze gebeurtenis ten volle te benutten en de zware elementen die gevormd zijn door de enorme sterinstorting te onderzoeken”, aldus O’Connor.

Gammaflitsen
Gammaflitsen of gamma-ray bursts zijn uitbarstingen van hoogenergetische gammastralen. Ze duren niet lang, enkele milliseconden tot hooguit enkele minuten. Korte gammaflitsen ontstaan waarschijnlijk door een botsing van twee neutronensterren, de lange gammaflitsen zijn het gevolg van een ingestorte supernova. Hoewel militaire kunstmanen al in de jaren 60 de eerste gammaflits ontdekten, lukte het pas in de jaren 90 met modernere ruimtetelescopen om echt onderzoek te doen en meer te weten te komen over de gammaflitsen.

Meer over het Gemini-observatorium
Het Gemini-observatorium bestaat uit twee grote spiegeltelescopen van elk 8,1 meter lang. Eentje staat op het noordelijk halfrond, de Gemini-Noord op een vulkaan op Hawaii. De andere staat op het zuidelijk halfrond, de Gemini-Zuid, op een berg in de Andes in Chili. Samen dekken ze, op het noordelijkste en zuidelijkste puntje na, de hele hemel. Het Gemini-observatorium is vanaf 2000 actief. Het was een gezamenlijk project van de VS, Canada, het VK, Chili, Argentinië, Brazilië en Australië. De bouw kostte naar schatting 184 miljoen dollar. Voor één nacht meten moet je 40.000 dollar afrekenen.

Foto: International Gemini Observatory/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/B. O’Connor (UMD/GWU) & J. Rastinejad & W Fong (Northwestern Univ)

Bronmateriaal:

• "Record-Breaking Gamma-Ray Burst Possibly Most Powerful Explosion Ever Recorded" - Noirlab
• Afbeelding bovenaan dit artikel: International Gemini Observatory/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/B. O'Connor (UMD/GWU) & J. Rastinejad & W Fong (Northwestern Univ)

{ https://scientias.nl/ }

{ https://nationalufocenter.com/ }

UFO Sightings in the United States

Sightings are from MUFON CMS

 Arizona Object

Phoenix on October 3, 2021, I was taking picture of incoming storm and discovered object in lens.

California Object

Lake Balboa on January 3, 1980, I and 13-year-old daughter rove to Mulholland Jr High School and we saw bright lights rising up from behind the building. It was a huge saucer shape with a large dome and a ring of very bright lights  Druffel, Vince Uhlenkott and 2 other MUFON investigators investigated.

Palm Desert  on October 9, 2022, I am a film and TV director who saw the object move making right and left turns and seem to go to the moon then quickly turned and moved away from it  I lost it after a couple of minutes.

Florida Lights

Deerfield Beach on August 1, 2022, many videos and a short snippet of this orb  Also note all the red and blue lights blinking around this colorful orb  I have many captures both day and night  Thanks to Will Pucket/www ufosnw com.

 Idaho  Objectc

Eagle on August 30, 2022, I don’t know what to say other than I have pics of this, and I was a former US Sniper in our elite force. I witnessed a lot of things in combat but nothing like this.

Minnesota Object

Roseville, on October 7, 2022 , we spotted this object flying a few miles away that was black and  a cube moving much faster than jets. It was a longer rectangle, turned right, and zoomed away.

Mississippi Tic Tac

Gulfport on October 14, 2022, I live between Stennis Space Center and Keesler Air Force Base and taken videos several times of glowing elliptical craft miles long. Some are 100 feet long compared to planes they fly under .

New Jersey Abduction

South Plainfield on October 6, 2022, I was sleeping, and I woke up in a UFO ship and shown the world and the future. I remember seeing three tall beings  Then I woke up in bed  I practice into the occult high magic.

Ohio Lights

Hamden  on September 7, 2022,  I was on my front porch when me and my son just happen to see it flying slowly in a straight line, I zoomed in and saw it was literally a flying saucer. It  flew straight until it was out of our sight.

Pennsylvania Lights

Palmyra   on September 24, 2022,  saw rocket fly at center another object catches it and noticed at 12 seconds in there was a small light goes past the rocket, (left). Where it takes off in a flash faster than that rocket.

South Carolina Object

Columbia on October 10, 2022,  I see a very small silver triangle object.  It was three-dimensional triangle far away. The object was a pyramid  It was roughly 500 ft high  I tapped my friend and told him to look.

 Tennessee Triangles

Memphis on October 4, 2022, a black triangle with 3 lights at each point was caught on the Graceland Live Cam near Elvis’ Graceland. The last image is a f triangle. Thanks to Donnie Brooke, UFO Hunter, donniebrooke@mail com

Texas Light and Object

Odessa on September 29, 2022, craft came out of the northwest in a triangle shape. Around 250 feet from us the object got bigger and flew towards the end of runway.  It flew over us with a soft jet hum  slowly moving

San Antonio on October 7, 2022, picture were taken from plane that flew over the area.

Worldwide UFO Sightings

 Australia Light

Glenorchy  on September 28, 202,  I  looked up and saw a blinking light in the sky. It was doing a square loop in the sky and responded to my thoughts. A second object fell from the sky and the they were both just gone.

Canada Lights

Saturna Island on October 1, 2022, camping at Narvaez Bay off Vancouver Island, I saw a very bright white light above the yacht at 11:18PM.  As the light grew luminescent, it flew over me with 3 separate flame like forces taking the shape of a chevron.

 Columbia Object

Villapinzon on August 7, 2022, flat object moving right to left flies into trees suggesting an under jungle base. Thanks to Third Phase of the Moon.

France Orbs

Nesles la Vallée  on October 7, 2022  what I saw on Friday at 10:11 p m  from Nesles la Vallée in the 95

Japan Light

HYOGO on January 3, 2022, a fluffy UFO was flying at 20:56 in the western sky.  Blue object attacks white circle object twice with loud sounds of the attacks.  The shot UFO shows parts and was warping to the eastern sky.

UK/England Object

Barrow-in-Furness on September 14, 2022 , I noticed a bright flash above the B A E  building where Britain’s nuclear submarines are built. I took 4 photos  of a reflective object enlarged and a dark object above.

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Filer’s Files salutes our fighting men and women; God Bless Our Troops, and Georgie, Elizabeth, and Victoria Filer, and Eddie Pedrick. May the Angels be your guide and take you to paradise.

Put another way, a young person in the U.S. is nearly 11 times as likely to die in a swimming pool than in a school shooting. Few public officials would say pools are doing a poor job protecting swimmers, but the statistics suggest that we need “more lifeguards at pools, as opposed to guards at schools,” Fox said

The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force investigated UFOs publicly for more than twenty years under Project Blue Book; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFO’s are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.

CAUTION MOST OF THESE ARE INITIAL REPORTS AND REQUIRE FURTHER INVESTIGATION. If you wish to stop receiving these files, please send a message to Majorstar@verizon.net.

Filer’s Files salutes our fighting men and women Georgie Filer and Eddie Pedrick my grandsons who both drowned. We pray that God will bless those who read these files spiritually.

{ https://nationalufocenter.com/ }

The two photographs analyzed here were taken by Rover Curiosity's Right Navigation Camera on Sol 3613 (5 October 2022) and according to Jean Ward's calculation the two photographs were taken 12 seconds apart. 

Seen in these photographs is what appears to be an atmospheric anomaly; something like an object moving across the field of view of the rovers camera. 

Upon closer inspection it looks like the right part of the object is moving faster than the left part as there is motion blur on the right-side. Or could this UFO-like object be emitting smoke? 

Also featured, two more examples of atmospheric anomalies photographed by Rover Curiosity in the past. 

Links: 

• https://mars.nasa.gov/raw_images/1126107/?site=msl 
• https://mars.nasa.gov/raw_images/1126108/?site=msl

  

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

Arizona UFO Sighting 15-Oct-2022

Check our this daytime footage of a two fast UAPs flying over the sky over Arizona. This was filmed on Saturday, 15th October 2022.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

Ten Incredible Mummy Discoveries That Shocked the World

Mummies of humans and other animals have been found on every continent, both as a result of natural preservation through unique climatic conditions, and as intentionally preserved corpses for religious or cultural purposes. In addition to the well-known mummy discoveries of ancient Egypt, deliberate mummification was a feature of several ancient cultures in areas of South America and Asia, as well as numerous others. Here we feature ten unique mummy discoveries from around the world.

1. The Mummies of Qilakitsoq  – Greenland

One of the Quilakitsoq mummy discoveries was the mummy of a six-month-old boy from Greenland.

( Public domain )

His little face still stares upwards, as if eternally waiting for his mother. From the moment he was discovered, the little Inuit baby captured hearts with his photograph plastered on magazines and news stories around the world. When he was first found, he was believed to be a doll, but it was soon discovered that it was actually the body of a six-month old baby boy.

This boy discovered at the Qilakitsoq settlement was buried alive with his already dead mother – presumably because there was no one left to care for him. The small Inuit baby was found along with a two-year-old boy and six women of various ages, who were buried in two separate graves protected by a rock that overhung a shallow cave.

Unearthed near the city of Uummannaq in West Greenland, the bodies were naturally mummified by the sub-zero temperatures and dry, dehydrating winds, providing a remarkable opportunity to learn about the Greenland Inuit of half a millennium ago. They are the oldest preserved remains ever to be found there.

2. Tollund Man  – Denmark

Discovered in 1950, the Tollund Man is now on display at the Silkeborg Museum in Denmark.

(Chocho8 /  CC BY-SA 4.0 )

Tollund Man is the naturally mummified body of a man who lived during the 4th century BC, during the period characterized in Scandinavia as the Pre-Roman Iron Age. He was hanged as a sacrifice to the gods and placed in a peat bog where he remained preserved for more than two millennia. Today, the face of the Tollund Man is as preserved the way it was the day he died. The look upon his face is calm and peaceful, giving the sensation of looking upon a sleeping man.

3. The Lady of Dai Mummy  – China

The Lady of Dai Mummy of Xin Zhui, a Chinese noblewoman, was discovered at Mawangdui archaeological site in Changsha, China.

(Lea / CC BY 2.0 )

When talking about body preservation and mummy discoveries, people all over the world think of Egypt and the mummified bodies of Pharaohs, such as Tutankhamun. But how many know that the world’s best preserved bodies actually come from China? 

The Lady of Dai, otherwise known as The Diva Mummy, is a 2,100-year-old mummy from the Western Han Dynasty and the best preserved ancient human ever found. Just how this incredible level of preservation was accomplished has baffled and amazed scientists around the world.

Xin Zhui, the Lady of Dai, died between 178 and 145 BC, at around 50 years of age. The objects inside her tomb indicated a woman of wealth and importance, and one who enjoyed the good things in life. But it was not the precious goods and fine fabrics that immediately caught the attention of archaeologists, rather it was the extraordinarily well-preserved state of her remains.

4. The 500-Year-Old Llullaillaco Child Mummies - Argentina

The child mummies of Llullaillaco, mummy discoveries uncovered in Argentina's Salta province.

(grooverpedro / CC BY 2.0 )

In 1999 the remains of three Incan children were found, remarkably preserved, atop the summit of Llullaillaco Volcano in Argentina. Last year, an analysis on the bodies of the 13-year-old “Maiden” and her 4- to 5-year-old companions, Llullaillaco Boy and Lightening Girl, revealed that the children had been drugged and given alcohol on a regular basis as part of a year-long series of ceremonial processes leading up to their final sacrifice.

Evidence suggests the sacrificial ceremony may have been used as a form of social control. Being selected for the ritual was supposed to be seen as a great honor, but it probably produced a climate of fear. In fact, it was a major offense for parents to show any sadness after giving up their children for the ceremony.

5. Tjayasetimu, the Child Star  – Egypt

Tjayasetimu, the child star of ancient Egypt.

( © The Trustees of the British Museum)

Tjayasetimu is the name of a little girl who was a star singer in ancient Egypt. Nearly 3,000 years ago Tjayasetimu she was a member of the royal choir and sang for the pharaohs in temples on the Nile. The seven-year-old girl, although heartbreakingly young when she died, was important enough to merit an elaborate mummification, a process normally reserved for Egyptian royalty and elite families.

Tjayasetimu had been wrapped in painted bandages, her face covered with a delicate veil and hidden by a golden mask, and she had been placed in a gilded sarcophagus. The child star was well-preserved and still had a full head of shoulder-length hair. Researchers could even see her milk teeth pushing up through her gums. At a height of just 4 feet, Tjayasetimu was far too small for her sarcophagus, although it is not clear why a casing was not made to fit her size. Scientists believe she died as a result of a short illness, such as cholera.

6. The Beauty of Loulan  – China

The Beauty of Loulan, a Tarim Basin Mummy.

( Mummipedia)

Loulan was discovered in 1980, but it was 3,800 years ago that she died on the trade route known as the Silk Road . The natural dryness and salty soil preserved her and over two hundred other mummies, individuals who had lived in several closely located settlements along the trade route.

The mummy has been called the Loulan Beauty because of her amazingly preserved stately facial features that have remained quite beautiful even in death. Unfortunately, the region where she and the others were found is politically unstable and the discovery of the mummies in the Tarim Basin in China was seen as a possible instigating factor for unrest.

The Chinese government has been reluctant to allow full access to the mummies because of their racial identity. The Tarim mummies are Caucasian and this fact has given credence to the claims of the local peoples known as the Uyghur, who look more European than Asian, that they are the descendants of the original inhabitants of the area and not later arrivals, as Chinese history claims.

7. Ötzi the Iceman  – Germany

Reconstruction of Ötzi the Iceman.

(OetziTheIceman / CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 )

Ötzi the iceman , who was discovered by some German tourists in the Alps in 1991, was originally believed to be the frozen corpse of a mountaineer or soldier who died during World War I. Tests later confirmed the iceman dates back to 3,300 BC and most likely died from a blow to the back of the head.

Europe's oldest natural human mummy, remarkably, his body contained still intact blood cells, which resembled a modern sample of blood. They are the oldest blood cells ever identified. His body was so well-preserved that scientists were even able to determine that his last meal was red deer and herb bread, eaten with wheat bran, roots and fruit.

8. The Lady of Cao  – Peru

The tattooed arm of the Lady of Cao, one of the mummy discoveries found at Huaca El Brujo.

(El Brujo Project)

On the beautiful northern coastline of Peru overlooking the blue Pacific, the place known as Huaca El Brujo (Sacred place of the Wizard) gives us an incredible glimpse into the culture of the Moche and the so-called wizard buried there.

Its two main pyramids, Huaca del Sol and the Huaca de la Luna, were once the centre of social and religious functions in the area and the final resting place of a tattooed mummy who has come to be known as the Lady of Cao. Not an elderly woman, she died in her mid-twenties about fifteen hundred years ago, probably as a complication of childbirth.

The Moche did not mummify their dead purposefully, but the conditions for desiccation just happened to preserve the Lady of Cao and by doing so also preserved her intricate tattoos. Although it is not believed that the more common members of Moche society were tattooed it could certainly be inferred from this burial that the highest status members were, and the tattoos probably represented and strengthened their connection with the divine through sympathetic magic.

9. Mystery Mummies of Zeleniy Yar  – Russia

A cocoon with a mummy of an adult was covered with copper plates head to toe.

(Alexander Gusev)

Zeleniy Yar is a remote site near the Arctic Circle known to the indigenous Nenets people as “the end of the earth.” The unique site has revealed nearly a dozen mysterious mummies who appear to be foreign to the region and whose artifacts can be traced back to ancient Persia, nearly 6,000 kilometers (3,730 mi) away.

Scientists are undertaking genetic testing to determine the origins of the mummies and unlock the secrets of a mystery medieval civilization. The mummy discoveries were found in a well-preserved state, seemingly by accident, and wearing copper masks and covered in reindeer, beaver, wolverine, or bear fur.

Many of their skulls are shattered or missing, while the skeletons were smashed. One of the mummies is a red-haired male, protected from chest to foot by copper plating. Within his final resting place, archaeologists also unearthed an iron hatchet, furs, and a head buckle made of bronze depicting a bear.

10. The Mummies of Palermo Catacombs  – Italy

Amongst the mummy discoveries uncovered at the Palermo Catacombs, experts identified the mummy of the child Rosalia Lombardo.

( Public domain )

The Capuchin Catacombs of Palermo are located in Sicily, Italy. In the 16th century, the Capuchin monks of Palermo discovered that their catacombs contained a natural preservative that helped mummify their dead. One of the most famous mummies is that of a two-year-old girl, Rosalia Lombardo.

Rosalia was placed in the catacombs when she died in 1920. Her body is so well-preserved that she looks as if she were just sleeping in her glass coffin, hence the nickname Sleeping Beauty . The secret for her excellent state of preservation was revealed a few years ago, when a hand-written memoir of the embalmer, Alfredo Salafia, was discovered.

This memoir recorded the chemicals that he injected into Rosalia’s blood. These chemicals were formalin, zinc salts, alcohol, salicylic acid, and glycerin. It has been suggested that it was the zinc salts that were most responsible for Rosalia’s amazing state of preservation.

• Top image: The Mummies of Qilakitsoq at the National Museum in Nuuk.
• Source: Kenny McFly / CC BY-SA 4.0

By Joanna Gillan

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://www.ancient-origins.net/ }

The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope

The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, formerly the Wide Field InfraRed Survey Telescope (WFIRST), is a NASA observatory designed to settle essential questions in the areas of dark energy, exoplanets and infrared astrophysics.

{ https://www.nasa.gov/ }

What is a light-year?

Light-year is the distance light travels in one year. Light zips through interstellar space at 186,000 miles (300,000 kilometers) per second and 5.88 trillion miles (9.46 trillion kilometers) per year.

We use light-time to measure the vast distances of space.

It’s the distance that light travels in a specific period of time. Also: LIGHT IS FAST, nothing travels faster than light.

How far can light travel in one minute? 11,160,000 miles. It takes 43.2 minutes for sunlight to reach Jupiter, about 484 million miles away. Light is fast, but the distances are vast. In an hour, light can travel 671 million miles.

Earth is about eight light minutes from the Sun. A trip at light-speed to the very edge of our solar system – the farthest reaches of the Oort Cloud, a collection of dormant comets way, way out there – would take about 1.87 years. Keep going to Proxima Centauri, our nearest neighboring star, and plan on arriving in 4.25 years at light speed.

When we talk about the enormity of the cosmos, it’s easy to toss out big numbers – but far more difficult to wrap our minds around just how large, how far, and how numerous celestial bodies really are.

To get a better sense, for instance, of the true distances to exoplanets – planets around other stars – we might start with the theater in which we find them, the Milky Way galaxy

Our galaxy is a gravitationally bound collection of stars, swirling in a spiral through space. Based on the deepest images obtained so far, it’s one of about 2 trillion galaxies in the observable universe. Groups of them are bound into clusters of galaxies, and these into superclusters; the superclusters are arranged in immense sheets stretching across the universe, interspersed with dark voids and lending the whole a kind of spiderweb structure. Our galaxy probably contains 100 to 400 billion stars, and is about 100,000 light-years across. That sounds huge, and it is, at least until we start comparing it to other galaxies. Our neighboring Andromeda galaxy, for example, is some 220,000 light-years wide. Another galaxy, IC 1101, spans as much as 4 million light-years.

Based on observations by NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope, we can confidently predict that every star you see in the sky probably hosts at least one planet. Realistically, we’re most likely talking about multi-planet systems rather than just single planets. In our galaxy of hundreds of billions of stars, this pushes the number of planets potentially into the trillions. Confirmed exoplanet detections (made by Kepler and other telescopes, both in space and on the ground) now come to more than 4,000 – and that’s from looking at only tiny slices of our galaxy. Many of these are small, rocky worlds that might be at the right temperature for liquid water to pool on their surfaces.

The nearest-known exoplanet is a small, probably rocky planet orbiting Proxima Centauri – the next star over from Earth. A little more than four light-years away, or 24 trillion miles. If an airline offered a flight there by jet, it would take 5 million years. Not much is known about this world; its close orbit and the periodic flaring of its star lower its chances of being habitable.

The TRAPPIST-1 system is seven planets, all roughly in Earth’s size range, orbiting a red dwarf star about 40 light-years away. They are very likely rocky, with four in the “habitable zone” – the orbital distance allowing potential liquid water on the surface. And computer modeling shows some have a good chance of being watery – or icy – worlds. In the next few years, we might learn whether they have atmospheres or oceans, or even signs of habitability.

One of the most distant exoplanets known to us in the Milky Way is Kepler-443b. Traveling at light speed, it would take 3,000 years to get there. Or 28 billion years, going 60 mph.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ http://www.nasa.gov/ }

  Tristan Hughes

196 BC was the time of the Ptolemaic Dynasty, one of the most remarkable of Alexander the Great’s Successor kingdoms. Ruling from the prestigious city of Alexandria, ancient Greek was the dominant language of Ptolemaic administration. Away from the official administration however, ancient Egyptian was still a language that people spoke widely across the kingdom: in homes and temples all along the River Nile. Early 2nd century Ptolemaic Egypt was a multicultural, multilingual society.

It’s this bilingual nature of Ptolemaic Egypt that explains one of the central features of the Rosetta Stone. Carved onto this great, broken slab of granodiorite was text, written in three different languages. The first language was Egyptian hieroglyphs, the second was demotic (a handwritten version of the Egyptian script that Egyptians had long used alongside hieroglyphs; demotic was the ‘script of the people’) and the third language on the Stone was ancient Greek.

Discovery

The Stone itself is named after its discovery location: Rosetta. Situated east of Alexandria near the coast of the Mediterranean today, Rosetta (Rasheed) didn’t exist in pharaonic times. But sometime in Egypt’s long and incredible history, the Stone was moved here and used in the foundations of a building. Given the strength of this granodiorite slab, someone decided that it would be a very useful building block. 

It would be in 1799 that the importance of this stone was realised, when French soldiers – assigned to Napoleon’s ongoing Egyptian campaign – were restoring their fort at Rosetta and discovered this tri-lingual stela. Very quickly, both the soldiers themselves and the many scholars that Napoleon had brought with him to Egypt realised that this artefact could be the key to deciphering hieroglyphics – an ancient script that medieval Arab scholars had already been attempting to decipher for centuries.

It was rapidly realised that the Rosetta Stone was highlighting the same decree in three different languages. As ancient Greek was already known, the huge potential this Stone had for helping scholars finally decode this enigmatic ancient Egyptian script (both hieroglyphic and demotic) was quickly acknowledged.

British takeover

French soldiers had rediscovered this Ptolemaic priestly decree, but it would not remain in their hands for long. In 1801, the defeated remnants of Napoleon’s expedition to Egypt signed the Capitulation of Alexandria with the British and the Ottomans. Part of the surrender – Article 16 – demanded that the French transfer 22 Egyptian antiquities to the British. Amongst these were two giant sarcophagi – one of which was at the time believed to be the sarcophagus of Alexander the Great. But the most famous object that the French handed over to the British was the Rosetta Stone. 

Experts inspecting the Rosetta Stone during the Second International Congress of Orientalists, 1874

Image Credit: British Museum, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Although they took possession of the physical object, the British still permitted the French scholars to make copies of the Stone. This would allow many figures on both sides of the Channel Sea (including Champollion) to have access to copies of the inscription in the years ahead, as the race to decipher hieroglyphics heated up.

In 1802 the Rosetta Stone, alongside the other artefacts seized by the British, arrived in Portsmouth. Not long after they were placed in the British Museum, which at the time was still very small. The arrival of these new objects encouraged the Museum to expand – to create new galleries that would ultimately house these artefacts. 

The Rosetta Stone has since left the British Museum on only two occasions. The first was during World War Two – for safety; the second occasion was in 1972, when the Stone was displayed at the Louvre.

Significance

The Rosetta Stone was the keystone for the great acceleration of decoding hieroglyphics in the early 19th century. It was thanks to this Stone that figures such as Thomas Young and Champollion worked tirelessly as they raced to be the first to crack the ancient script. Other artefacts would help these scholars fill in the final pieces of the decoding puzzle, but it was the Rosetta Stone’s discovery, and its surviving trilingual text, that kickstarted them to devote years in their mission to make Egyptology’s ultimate breakthrough.

Thomas Young made some striking early progress. Focusing on the demotic text, he was able to identify some key words such as King/ruler (basileus) and temple. Most famously of all, he correctly identified the demotic word for Ptolemy and its hieroglyphic cartouche. Attributing phonetic values to the symbols in the cartouche, he was able to make some progress. Mistakenly however, he didn’t quite translate the correct phonetic sound for each of the symbols. 

Ultimately, it was Champollion who made the ultimate breakthrough on the Ptolemy cartouche on the Rosetta Stone. That is why it is Champollion today, who we associate with making the ultimate breakthrough. Young made significant progress and is heralded in some circles as the man who translated Demotic. But Champollion was the man who ‘won’ the race.

William Bankes and the Philae Obelisk

One other figure to mention here is William Bankes. An adventurer and daredevil, in the 1810s Bankes voyaged down the River Nile on two separate occasions. Bankes was an avid drawer; he and several of his companions made countless drawings of the ancient Egyptian sites he saw as he ventured up the Nile as far as the Second Cataract and Wadi Hafa. 

Bankes sent countless drawings back to Young, who used them to help him in the great deciphering race. But Bankes also brought back to Britain an obelisk, which he had found fallen over at Philae. This obelisk, today visible at Kingston Lacy, had a bilingual inscription. An ancient Greek inscription on the base of the obelisk, with hieroglyphs running up the shaft. It was from this obelisk that Bankes correctly identified the cartouche for the name Cleopatra. 

Champollion, using this discovery, the Ptolemy cartouche from the Rosetta Stone and other papyri was able to make the breakthrough. Although we remember Champollion and the Rosetta Stone in the story of how hieroglyphs were deciphered, let us not forget the invaluable information that William Bankes and the Philae Obelisk also provided in this story.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://www.historyhit.com/ }

Anunnaki - The Astronaut God or Alien that created us. Sumerian clay tablets revealed | Some Say… PART I

Anunnaki created the first humans: Adam, Lilith, and then Eve as the first breedable, primitive workers to mine gold at their facilities.

After Lilith’s banishment, Enki gave the fruit of wisdom to Lilith so she can solely reproduce and work at the gold mines.

Enlil (the brother of Enki) saw this situation as a threat, as granting humans with wisdom might risk the existence of Annunaki. Later, Enlil decided to summon a catastrophic flood to wipe out humanity completely and abandon the gold mining project.

So where did the Annunaki go after the flood? How did humanity survive the flood?

Anunnaki - They forsaken Lilith and Humanity. After the flood, where did they go? | Some Say… PART II

Anunnaki created the first humans: Adam, Lilith, and then Eve as the first breedable, primitive workers to mine gold at their facilities.

After Lilith’s banishment, Enki gave the fruit of wisdom to Lilith so she can solely reproduce and work at the gold mines. Enlil (the brother of Enki) saw this situation as a threat, as granting humans with wisdom might risk the existence of Annunaki.

Later, Enlil decided to summon a catastrophic flood to wipe out humanity completely and abandon the gold mining project. So where did the Annunaki go after the flood?

How did humanity survive the flood?

Humans are the First Aliens. Here's Why.

Where are all the aliens?! This is the essence to the Fermi Paradox. It's most popular solution is the "Great Filter." What is the obstacle that life and/or intelligent species are unlikely to survive? Let's discuss.

00:00 Cold Open 00:18 Introduction

00:48 History of the Fermi Paradox

02:48 Fermi Paradox Explained

£03:55 Drake Equation Explained

07:04 The Great Filter

09:56 Rare Earth Hypothesis

10:53 Geologic Time in Galactic Years

14:48 Evolution of Intelligent Life

17:03 Conclusions

19:11 Poll Results

19:47 Outro

20:10 Featured Comment

1. Nick Lucid - Host/Writer/Editor/Animator
2. Natalie Wells - Researcher  

VIDEO ANNOTATIONS/CARDS

• What is Life? https://youtu.be/AF2Ykg8Fq2w
• Cosmic Time: https://youtu.be/mbe6ZbGuQFg _

RELATED YOUTUBE VIDEOS

PBS Space Time on Fermi Paradox:

• https://youtu.be/BAoEnV3Zt_Q
• https://youtu.be/8wa1l7M5gU8

Kurzgesagt on Fermi Paradox:

• https://youtu.be/sNhhvQGsMEc 
• https://youtu.be/1fQkVqno-uI
• https://youtu.be/UjtOGPJ0URM

{ https://www.youtube.com/ }

Peter Khoury Abduction: Mystery Of Blonde Alien Woman Hair Found On His Body In 1992

Peter Khoury’s case is the first alien abduction where an alien specimen was found on a human body, revealed in a DNA test. He was born in Lebanon in 1964, and in 1973 migrated to Australia where he met his future wife Vivian in 1981, and the couple married later in 1990. They have 2 children.

Peter’s first encounter with a UFO happened when he was only 7 years old. It was the summer of 1971, and he was playing with seven other children when all of them decided to go to a rooftop. As he came there, an egg-shaped UFO was hovering above other children who were standing like a statue.

After some time gap, all the children found themselves on the ground floor with no memory of the incident. The next encounter happened in February 1988, when Peter and Vivian were in Sydney. That time, they saw a strange moving light. But the incident that happened later in July completely changed Peter’s life.

Read also:

• Texas Police Officer Saw Four Dead Roswell Alien Bodies Lifted With Crane & 100-Foot UFO
• Woman From Wales Abducted By Reptilian Aliens Countless Times, Was Taken To Another Dimension
• Three Aliens Almost Killed Ex-US Soldier And Ufologist in 1950s, Threatened Him To Stop His Research
• Grey Aliens Took Man From Puerto Rico To Their Underground Base In 1988 And Told Him They Want Peace

It was around 11 PM, and Peter was staying with his family. That night, his brother Sam invited him to watch a movie in his room. Peter lay in his bedroom, but what happened next was completely frightening. As he was laying on the bed, he felt a paralysis in his whole body and could move only his eyes.

“While…lying on my bed, I felt something grab my ankles. As I felt this, a strange numbness, tingling and churning sensation crawled up through my body and right up to my head. I was paralyzed, I could not move any part of my body but for the exception of my eyes, which I could move, open or close. My brain was functioning but I could not do anything physically. I tried to call out to family members but I could not force the words out. At this stage I started to panic thinking I would not walk again. I thought I was truly paralyzed.”

As the experience unfolded Peter’s first thought was that this was a form of payback, a punishment for the less than satisfactory life he had led for about six years before he returned to the family fold. He thought, if he survived this, that his community would think, God’s punishing him, God paid him back. What followed — the encounter with the hooded, three- to four-foot-tall creatures with black, wrinkled faces — changed everything.

“The fear was so extreme. I’m gone! I’m dead! It’s real! I was petrified and paralyzed. Irrational fears were crowding in. They were going to kill me. I could be killed. The fear level was extraordinary. I was stressing out, how could I get out of this?

I became aware of some sort of communication, seemingly telepathic, no sound made, and yet I could hear the message in my mind. I was told not to worry and I would not be harmed and to relax. As I moved my eyes and looked to the left side…I made eye contact with two beings who looked so different to the others. These were thin, tall with big black eyes and a narrow chin. They were goldish-yellow in color. Astonishingly the stress was gone immediately. The whole fear thing washed away as quickly as a light switch on. How could I be so calm after such a level of fear? My heartbeat was no longer racing. [A whole different situation was unfolding.]

Peter said he saw three- to four-foot-tall creatures with black, wrinkled faces around him. He communicated with the aliens telepathically. He heard them saying that they would not harm him and even made eye contact with the two of them. Peter even noticed that one alien was male and another female, wearing masks.

One of them inserted a needle into his head, and he blackout. Peter described him as tall and thin with large black eyes in the golden yellow suit. After he got consciousness, he found out the creatures had also drugged his family members. Further, he thought that only 10 minutes had passed but in reality, it was 1 to 2 hours.

After this, Peter was totally petrified and had no clue what to do next. He even had surgical marks on his head which could prove his encounter with aliens. He had not much knowledge about alien abductions and struggled to understand them.

Eventually, he understood about the abduction experiences, jumped into, the world of Ufology, and started a group named the UFO Experience Support Association (UFOESA). He continued helping other victims who claimed to encounter aliens, but his personal experiences did not finish.

On July 23, 1992, he came home after dropping off his wife at the train station. It was around 7 AM, and he was not feeling very well as he had got head injuries during an assault at the job site. So, he decided to go to bed and get some sleep. Peter felt something alighting on the bed. As he got up, he was shocked to see two strange women kneeling near his bed.

He described one had an appearance of Nordic with an elongated face, big blue eyes, and a sharply pointed chin. Another one looked like an Asian. “I got the shock of my life because right on top of me was this female, a blonde female. She was just milky white in color. Her eyes were probably two-three times bigger than human eyes. She had protruding cheekbones and a narrow face that narrowed down to a pointy chin and on the side of the bed on the corner of the bed there was another female an asian looking female and then she the blonde female touches her stomach and points to the sky

Although no normal communication occurred, the Nordic woman seemed to be in charge, and Khoury got the impression she was giving the Asian-looking woman some sort of instruction. She was 6 feet tall and very strong. She tried to copulate with Peter by pulling him towards her chest, but he resisted and even bit her which made him cough. Moments later, he looked up again, but both women had vanished.

The coughing stimulated him to go to the bathroom to drink water. After that, he tried urinating and found blonde hair on the genital of that Nordic alien woman. He kept the hair in the plastic bag with a seal. Peter refrained himself telling about it to Vivian for 2 weeks, although she had been very supportive of him for the 1988 abduction.

In 1996, Harvard psychiatrist John Mack did a hypnotic regression on Peter to understand what had happened to him in 1988. Under hypnosis, Peter said that he was taken to a room full of lights. He was on the table with one creature above him but could not find out more than that.Because of the bizarre and controversial nature of the 1992 episode, Peter was more comfortable describing his 1988 experience.

Because of the 1988 and 1992 experiences, Peter’s case was widely discussed and came into the knowledge of UFO researcher Bill Chalker. He began an investigation into the case and did the world’s first PCR (polymerase Chain Reaction) DNA test on the hair sample.

Bill Chalker

The test result showed that the hair was biologically close to human genetics but came from an unusual human race, probably a rare Chinese Mongoloid type. Could Peter Khoury’s July 1988 alien encounter be an example of the well-established phenomenon known as “sleep paralysis”?

John O’Neill, a member of Australian Skeptics, argued that sleep paralysis could explain the paralysis Peter Khoury experienced, hallucination could explain his experience with extraterrestrials, falling asleep could explain his missing time, and “the puncture wound and scab could be from anything — a pimple, an insect bite or anything else in approximately the right location.” O’Neill accepted that Peter’s experience was genuine, as he himself had had a sleep paralysis episode. But his experience was typically vague, like most sleep paralysis episodes — “the feeling of some other entity being in the room, but [I] did not know and could not see what.” That vague description falls far short of the detailed and ordered description Peter Khoury offers of his experience.

Several aspects of Peter’s encounter actually defy this simplistic categorization. First of all, he was not asleep, nor had he reached the state that precedes sleep, the hypnagogic state, that often yields fleeting imagery of a hallucinatory nature. Furthermore, his experience has an ordered sequence of events that were recollected consciously; they were not vague sensory experiences of fragmented sleep. Then there are the physical marks, namely the injury to his head, where he felt the strange needle being stuck in, along with the biopsy-like mark on his leg, which certainly can’t be accounted for as a classic sleep paralysis episode or as a product of the sleep/awake interface that spawns hypnagogic imagery.

{ https://www.howandwhys.com/ }

SCIENTISTS SPOTTED SOMETHING THAT APPEARED TO BE MOVING 7 TIMES THE SPEED OF LIGHT

THAT CAN'T BE RIGHT.

ROBIN DIENEL/CARNEGIE INSTITUTION FOR SCIENCE

{ https://futurism.com/the-byte }

{ https://blog.sci-nature.com/ }

Astronomers Think They Have a Warning Sign for When Massive Stars are About to Explode as Supernovae

Red supergiant stars are explosions waiting to happen. They are in the last stage of their life, red and swollen as they fuse heavier elements in a last effort to keep from collapsing. But eventually, gravity will win and the red supergiant core will collapse, triggering a supernova. We know it will happen, but until recently, we didn’t know when.

The most famous red supergiant is Betelgeuse, the bright red star in the constellation Orion. It is about 550 light-years away and has a mass of about 18 Suns. It is the closest red supergiant to Earth, and when it eventually does explode it will briefly outshine the Moon. Of course, this has caused all manner of speculation about the star. Will it explode in our lifetime? Has it already exploded, and we’re just waiting for the supernova light to reach us? And all astronomers have been able to say is probably not, but we don’t really know. But a new study could give us an advance warning a few months before Betelgeuse does explode.

There are two general models for red supergiant supernovae. Both predict a red supergiant should dim significantly before exploding, on significantly different time scales. In the superwind model, a stellar wind is triggered by the ever-faster rate of fusion at a star’s end of life. The outer layer of the star is driven off by this wind over several decades, creating a circumstellar layer of cool gas that causes the star to appear very dim. The rapid outburst model, on the other hand, predicts a final period of less than a year, where more than a tenth of a solar mass can be cast off. This would cause the star to dim by a factor of 100 within the last few months of its life.

In this study, the team looked at all the red supergiant supernovae cases where the star was observed before its explosion. Most supernovae are only observed after the explosion, so between 1999 and 2017 there are only a dozen cases of good pre-supernova observations. But in all of those cases, the brightness of the stars remained fairly consistent in the years leading up to the supernovae. This would rule out the superwind model and suggests that a red supergiant should dim significantly before exploding. In the case of Betelguese, we have seen the star dim as it cast off a cloud of gas, but not to the level that indicates an eminent explosion.

Unfortunately, we don’t have enough red supergiant observations to have observed a rapid dimming before the bang, but that could change in the future as more long-term sky surveys come online. And who knows, given how well-studied Betelgeuse is, our red supergiant neighbor might be the first star to give us a supernova red alert.

Reference: 

• Davies, Ben, et al. “Explosion Imminent: the appearance of Red Supergiants at the point of core-collapse.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 517.1 (2022): 1483–1490.

The post Astronomers Think They Have a Warning Sign for When Massive Stars are About to Explode as Supernovae appeared first on Universe Today.

Source: 

• https://www.universetoday.com/158116/astronomers-think-they-have-a-warning-sign-for-when-massive-stars-are-about-to-explode-as-supernovae/

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

Abduction of Antônio Vilas-Boas, 1957

In another case that caught the public’s attention, a Brazilian farmer had an unsettling experience four years before the Hill Abduction. His case is regarded as the first case of its kind during the post-war era. It has been interpreted as an attempt to establish a human-alien hybrid agenda.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

Partially Cloaked UFO Captured On Home CCTV Over Kansas City, Missouri.

This was captured on October 13, 2022 at 8:42pm and the witness stated that he had seen the object on the home security monitor but by the time he had gotten outside the UFO had gone.

Thanks to Anthony B for allowing me the use of his footage and to view the original:

• https://www.reddit.com/r/UFOs/comment...

Is this company working with alien technology in Nevada?

Radiance Technologies has quietly become a major player in developing cutting-edge weapons and systems for the Pentagon, with 20 offices established in 17 states. When it comes to unidentified flying objects or alien technology, the company doesn't duck the topic formerly considered taboo or fringe.

Drone Captures INCREDIBLE UFO Racing At 10x The Speed Of Sound | Contact

A drone pilot shows Nick & Sarah footage he captured, which shows a white UFO travelling at over 10x the speed of sound!

James Webb Telescope solves 'mind-blowing' phenomenon | ABC News

A new image from NASA's James Webb space telescope has revealed the secrets of a pair of stars surrounded by ghostly dust shells.

Why Do We See Things Traveling Faster Than Light? Superluminal Motion Explained

Top 9 Insane Sightings by Astronauts in Space: UFOs, Aliens and More!

Today, we will look at some of the most bizarre incidents that astronauts have experienced while on space. And you don’t have to believe all of them, but keep an open mind, because like I said, Space is strange and there is so much that we don’t know about it

SHOCKING!! NASA Just Shut Down Live Feed As Something Massive Shows Up At The ISS

Space exploration is one type of research that has been going on for centuries together and the ISS has been aiding in these various endeavors. Apart from having discovered many heavenly bodies out in space, there have been some events that they have not yet been able to justify completely. Stay tuned to find out more about these events!

Hello guys and welcome to Space Side! In today’s video, we shall be taking a look at how NASA just shut down its live feed as soon as something massive showed up at the International Space Station.

Shocking!! This Is What Scientists Discovered In Egypt That Has Left People Speechless

Egyptian history is one the most interesting and richest history out there, that has so much still to be uncovered about it. But not so long ago, a very amazing discovery was made that has opened up a bigger pathway for research. Wish to find out more about that? Stay tuned!

Hello guys and welcome to Space Side! In today’s video, we shall be taking a look at what scientists discovered in Egypt that has left many individuals speechless.

RELATED VIDEO

{ https://www.youtube.com/ }

Laughing gas in space could be a sign of aliens: Scientists says nitrous oxide could be a biosignature for life

By Cassidy Morrison Senior Health Reporter For Dailymail.Com 

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/index.html }

OOK LACHGAS KAN HINTEN OP DE AANWEZIGHEID VAN BUITENAARDSE WEZENS

Caroline Kraaijvanger

Bronmateriaal:

• "Laughing gas in space could mean life" - University of California, Riverside
  Interview met Eddie Schwieterman
• Afbeelding bovenaan dit artikel: NASA / R. Hurt / T. Pyle

{ https://scientias.nl/ }

ZWART GAT LAAT NOG STEEDS BOERTJES JAREN NA OPETEN STER: 'ZOIETS HEBBEN WE NOG NOOIT GEZIEN'

Jeannette Kras

Bronmateriaal:

• "A Mildly Relativistic Outflow Launched Two Years after Disruption in Tidal Disruption Event AT2018hyz" - The Astrophysical Journal
• Afbeelding bovenaan dit artikel: DESY, Science Communication Lab

{ https://scientias.nl/ }

US Air Force Scientist: “Giant 250 meters alien ships enter our world through the portal”

A world-renowned scientist and former engineer of the United States Air Force and Boeing Company, using a telescope, photographed a UFO with a diameter of 250 meters flying at a speed of 48,000 km / h.

But this is just one of the huge UFOs, of which many more have been recorded. According to Frederick Portigal, this is absolute proof that the aliens are already here.

This data has been confirmed as authentic by the US National Air and Space Intelligence Agency (NASIC).

Frederick Portigal, a former US Air Force and Boeing engineer, captured UFO images and data with a hyper-spectral imaging telescope. According to him, he captured very large objects moving at great speed.

The technique will be used on the James Webb Space Telescope, which is slated to launch in December, and will provide a peek into the depths of the universe.

Frederic Portigal is a leading world scientist with extensive experience in this technique.

Frederick was responsible for the process flow design for the Fourier Transform Hyperspectral Imager (FTHSI), the first hyperspectral sensor launched into orbit by the US Air Force Research Laboratory / RVBYI. He created a mathematical model to simulate space observations to be conducted using Landsat 7 data.

Portigal led a USDA-sponsored study evaluating hyperspectral imaging for the detection of Pierce’s disease (PD) in California grapes.

Frederic Portugal has previously worked for organizations such as the Air Force Research Laboratory, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, and the National Science Foundation.

Portigal has a message for our world – giant alien ships are entering the Earth through the portal.

According to former Boeing chief engineer, aliens are using wormhole penetration technology to move these plasma-like UFOs near the Earth’s surface at a speed of 48,000 kilometers per hour.

Portigal telescopic footage captured the astonishing appearances of plasma-like objects flying at inconceivable speeds in the vicinity of the Petroglyph National Monument near Albuquerque, New Mexico. His telescope was on Sandia Heights with a field of view of about 15 miles.

Shortly after DNI presented a report to Congress on unidentified aerial events, Portigal wrote on LinkedIn expressing his disappointment at the lack of clarity in the government’s efforts.

“I decided that the recent Congress report on UFOs lacked detail on the extraterrestrial category, given that I provided NASIC and DIA. I have to go directly to the people. They need to know.

“They have all this data, which proves that giant motherships are infiltrating into our world, with smaller ships on board and that leave the motherships and stay here, and the motherships leave and return with new cargo. This has been happening since at least 2008, when we first recorded their appearance.

“The military and the government have all the information and they themselves are now watching the ongoing expansion of aliens on Earth. Why do they transport their ships to us in such quantities? Why is the government silent about this? ”

According to Portigal, the Department of Defense has created a special hyperspectral telescope, which they call “binoculars for hunting aliens”.

The technology is based on Frederick’s personal telescope and was refined with $ 750,000 from the Air Force Research Laboratory.

The video recording begins with a concentration on the white sphere – such luminous balls are very often observed by many eyewitnesses of the appearance of UFOs in our sky, but they do not see what is hidden behind this plasma screen.

Simply put, intense energy gathered in one visible location looks like a highly illuminated ball to the naked eye. Once Frederick’s sensor is able to analyze the plasma and estimate the volume of gases, it can build a picture of the object hidden behind the plasma envelope, showing the true outlines of the pyramids and various other shapes of UFOs that were dropped by the large mother ship.

Frederick’s technical report accompanying the video can be viewed here. According to Frederick, this is absolute proof that the aliens are already here.

“You have to understand what this is about – I have developed a technology with which you can see alien ships. I developed this technology officially and the military, with the support of the government, invested in it and improved it to make binoculars for detecting alien ships for themselves.

“I first discovered these mother ships entering our world through wormholes (portals) and dropping their cargo – smaller ships, back in 2008. Why people are not told that alien ships invisible to ordinary people penetrate into our world. What is their purpose? What are they doing? What are they preparing for?

{ https://myth-mystery.zdravljebezdoktora.com/ }

Not too big and not too small! Astronomers discover a rare 'missing link' black hole in the Milky Way's closest large galactic neighbour

• Scientists say they've found an 'intermediate-mass' black hole 'unlike any other'
• Intermediate-mass black holes have a mass up to 100,000 times that of our Sun 
• They're bigger than stellar black holes but tinier than supermassive black holes

By JONATHAN CHADWICK FOR MAILONLINE 

A rare 'missing link' black hole has been found in the Milky Way's closest large galactic neighbour, a new study reveals. 

Astronomers say the black hole has an 'intermediate-mass', and is the rare third type of black hole that has only recently come to light. 

Described as 'unlike any other', the black hole was found in a star cluster called B023-G078 in the Andromeda galaxy. 

Otherwise known as Messier 31 or M31, Andromeda is the closest large spiral galaxy to our galaxy, the Milky Way. 

This newly-found black hole has a mass 100,000 times greater than our Sun, making it smaller than black holes found at the centre of galaxies (supermassive black holes), but bigger than black holes born when stars explode (stellar black holes).  

One theory is that intermediate-mass black holes could be the seeds from which supermassive black holes grow.  

The black hole was found hidden within B023-G078, an enormous star cluster in Andromeda with a solar mass of 6.2 million. The left panel shows a wide-field image of M31 with the red box and inset showing the location and image of B023-G78 where the black hole was found

Andromeda is the nearest major galaxy to our own Milky Way galaxy. The diffuse light from Andromeda is caused by the hundreds of billions of stars that compose it. The several distinct stars that surround Andromeda's image are actually stars in our Galaxy that are well in front of the background object

The new study, published in The Astrophysical Journal, was based on data from the near-infrared integral-field spectrograph (NIFS) at the Gemini North telescope in Hawaii. 

Astronomers measure the mass of a black hole by tracing the motion of the gas and dust swirling around it. 

This can be done at many wavelengths, such as by measuring the positions of stars which orbit near a black hole at optical wavelengths. 

Study author Anil Seth, an associate professor of astronomy at the University of Utah, said the finding fills a gap between the very large and the very small black holes known to exist. 

'We have very good detections of the biggest, stellar-mass black holes up to 100 times the size of our sun and supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies that are millions of times the size of our sun,' he said.

'But there aren't any measurements of black between these – that's a large gap. This discovery fills the gap.'

The study was based on data from the near-infrared integral-field spectrograph (NIFS, pictured) at the Gemini North telescope in Hawaii

On the right side of this image shows the Gemini Observatorium on the top of the vulcano Mauna Kea. In the background is the Canada France Hawaii Telescope 

The black hole was found hidden within B023-G078, an enormous star cluster in Andromeda with a solar mass of 6.2 million.

Long thought to be a globular star cluster, the researchers argue that B023-G078 is instead a stripped nucleus - a remnant of a small galaxy that fell into a bigger one and had its outer stars stripped away by gravitational forces. 

What's left behind is a tiny, dense nucleus orbiting the bigger galaxy and at the centre of that nucleus, a black hole.

'Previously, we've found big black holes within massive, stripped nuclei that are much bigger than B023-G078,' said lead author Renuka Pechetti at Liverpool John Moores University. 

'We knew that there must be smaller black holes in lower mass stripped nuclei, but there's never been direct evidence.

'I think this is a pretty clear case that we have finally found one of these objects.' 

A globular cluster has a signature light profile that has the same shape near the centre as it does in the outer regions.

But B023-G078 is different – the light at the centre is round and then gets flatter moving outwards. 

The chemical makeup of the stars changes too, with more heavy elements in the stars at the centre than those near the object's edge.

'Globular star clusters basically form at the same time,' said Professor Seth. 

'In contrast, these stripped nuclei can have repeated formation episodes, where gas falls into the center of the galaxy, and forms stars. 

'And other star clusters can get dragged into the centre by the gravitational forces of the galaxy. 

'It's kind of the dumping ground for a bunch of different stuff. So, stars in stripped nuclei will be more complicated than in globular clusters. And that's what we saw in B023-G078.'     

The researchers are hoping to observe more stripped nuclei that may hold more intermediate mass black holes.   

In September 2020, researchers in Australia working as part of an international collaboration studying gravitational waves reported the first direct observation of an intermediate-mass black hole. 

Around 150 times heavier than our Sun, it was birthed from the merger of two smaller (yet still very large) black holes 17 billion light years away.  

Read more:

• Detection of a 100,000 M ⊙ black hole in M31's Most Massive Globular Cluster: A Tidally Stripped Nucleus - IOPscience

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

BREAKING: Astronomers Just Discovered A Black Hole Unlike Any Other

Astronomers discovered a black hole concealed inside a huge star cluster, B023-G078, in the Andromeda galaxy, our nearest neighboring galaxy. 

Senior author Anil Seth, associate professor of astronomy at the University of Utah and co-author of the study, said, “We have very good detections of the biggest, stellar-mass black holes up to 100 times the size of our sun, and supermassive black holes at the centres of galaxies that are millions of times the size of our sun, but there aren’t any measurements of black between these. That’s a large gap. This discovery fills the gap.”

Lead author Renuka Pechetti of Liverpool John Moores University, who started the research while at the U, said, “Previously, we’ve found big black holes within massive, stripped nuclei that are much bigger than B023-G078. We knew that there must be smaller black holes in lower mass stripped nuclei, but there’s never been direct evidence. I think this is a pretty clear case that we have finally found one of these objects.”

Seth said, “I knew that the B023-G078 object was one of the most massive objects in Andromeda and thought it could be a candidate for a stripped nucleus. But we needed data to prove it. We’d been applying to various telescopes to get more observations for many years, and my proposals always failed. When we discovered a supermassive black hole within a stripped nucleus in 2014, the Gemini Observatory gave us the chance to explore the idea.”

The researchers acquired data from the Gemini Observatory and photos from the Hubble Space Telescope for their investigation. Using the data, they modeled the light profile of B023-G078 to determine its mass distribution.

Near the core of a globular cluster, the characteristic light profile has the same form as the outside areas. B023-G078 is different. The light in the center is spherical and becomes flattered as it moves outward. The chemical composition of the stars also varies, with the central stars containing more heavy elements than those towards the object's periphery.

Seth said, “Globular star clusters form at the same time. In contrast, these stripped nuclei can have repeated formation episodes, where gas falls into the centre of the galaxy and forms stars. And other star clusters can get dragged into the centre by the galaxy’s gravitational forces. It’s kind of the dumping ground for a bunch of different stuff. So, stars in stripped nuclei will be more complicated than globular clusters. And that’s what we saw in B023-G078.”

Using the object's mass distribution, the scientists projected the speed at which stars inside the cluster should be travelling at any given position. They then matched it to their own data. They discovered that the fastest-moving stars orbited the center.

When scientists constructed a model without a black hole, the central stars moved too slowly relative to their observations. When the black hole was introduced, the speeds matched the data. The black hole adds to the evidence that this item is a nucleus that has been stripped.

Pechetti said, “The stellar velocities we are getting gives us direct evidence that there’s some dark mass right at the centre. It’s tough for globular clusters to form big black holes. But if it’s in a stripped nucleus, then there must already be a black hole present, left as a remnant from the smaller galaxy that fell into, the bigger one.”

Seth said, “We know big galaxies generally form from the merging of smaller galaxies, but these stripped nuclei allow us to decipher the details of those past interactions.”

Reference(s):

• Peer-Reviewed Research

{ https://blog.sci-nature.com/ }

If we Detect This gas on Other Planets, it’s a Good Sign There’s Life There

Here is an idea that likely never crossed the mind of most space enthusiasts – a gas emitted from broccoli (and other plants) is one of the most indicative signs of the existence of life on a planet. At least according to a new study from researchers at the University of California Riverside.

That gas, methyl bromide, has long been associated with life on Earth. It occurs naturally from the process of plants defending themselves. Methylation, as the defense process is known, allows plants to expel foreign contaminants, such as bromide, by attaching a series of carbon and hydrogen atoms to it, thereby gasifying it and allowing it to escape into the air.

Methyl bromide, in particular, is interesting from an astrobiological perspective. It was used as a pesticide until the early 2000s and has several important advantages over other potential biosignatures if it shows up in an exoplanet’s atmosphere.

First, it has a relatively short lifespan in a planet’s atmosphere. This is particularly important for exoplanet searches, as it means whatever process produces the gas is most likely still active. Its presence isn’t simply a result of a geological event that happened eons ago.

A second advantage is one that all astrobiologists love to see – there are very few non-biological processes that produce the gas, and even those processes aren’t typically natural. Despite now being considered a hazardous chemical, methyl bromide was produced in large quantities for use as a pesticide before being regulated due to its deleterious health effects.

A third advantage is the spectroscopic wavelength it shares with a “cousin” gas that is also a biosignature – methyl chloride, which also results from the methylation process. Their combined signature would make them much easier to detect from far away, and both are indicative of the existence of a biological process, though being able to distinguish between methyl chloride and methyl bromide, as methyl chloride has already been seen around some stars, which was likely caused by an inorganic process.

Not quite an advantage, but an interesting quirk about the ability to detect methyl bromide, is that it would be relatively difficult to detect in Earth’s atmosphere from far away. Its concentration levels are high enough, but the UV light from the Sun causes water molecules in the atmosphere to split into compounds that eliminate methyl bromide, so it does not exist for very long in Earth’s atmosphere.

UV light is only a problem for Sun-like stars, though. Around stars like M-dwarfs, which are ten times more common in the galaxy than sun-like stars, there would be less UV radiation that would potentially break up the methyl-bromide molecule. Since those M-dwarfs will be some of the first places astrobiologists look, they might be a chance to see a build-up of methyl bromide in their atmospheres.

Any such discovery might have to wait a little while, though. Even the JWST isn’t set up to detect trace elements in an exoplanet’s atmosphere. However, in the next few years, some ground-based telescopes will be up to the task. Hopeful astrobiologists will have to wait until after those come online before they can truly look for this highly interesting biosignature.

Learn More:
UCR – Broccoli gas: a better way to find life in space
Leung et al – Alternative Methylated Biosignatures. I. Methyl Bromide, a Capstone Biosignature 
UT – Researchers Develop a new Framework for Searching for Biosignatures
UT – If Earth Were an Exoplanet, it Would Still be Tricky to Figure Out if There’s Life Here

Lead Image:
Example of an M dwarf planetary system.
Credit – NASA / JPL / Caltech

The post If we Detect This gas on Other Planets, it’s a Good Sign There’s Life There appeared first on Universe Today.

Source: https://www.universetoday.com/158102/if-we-detect-this-gas-on-other-planets-its-a-good-sign-theres-life-there/

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

• https://www.universetoday.com/158105/huge-dart-success-jwst-sees-weird-rings-moons-true-origin/

Guys Door Cam Catches UFO over Raytown, Missouri on 10-13-2022 -video- UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Oct 13, 2022

Location of sighting: Baytown, Missouri, USA

 

Hey check this out! A persons door cam captured some movement two nights ago and it shows a UFO passing over the neighborhood and moving behind the trees. Also...there is a mysterious figure seen in the video at the 2:18 mark. This person is walking oddly, frantically toward the direction the UFO went. So...I have to wonder, is this person tracking the UFO with more footage for us or was it an alien from the UFO itself?

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

 

Eyewitness states: 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

 LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

6 Recent UFO Sightings that Prove Aliens are FAR Superior than Us

Twenty-five years ago, thousands of people reported seeing strange bright lights flying over Nevada, Arizona and part of Mexico, for more than 12 hours. This, later, came to be known as the Phoenix Lights, and those who witnessed the bizarre lights, described them as “otherworldly.” And some witnesses, whose stories were shared at the International UFO Congress, reported a sort of temporary amnesia, after seeing the lights.

In today’s video, we will explore some of the most bizarre UFO sightings, that will absolutely blow your mind. 6 Recent UFO Sightings that Prove Aliens are FAR Superior to Us #ufo #alien #aliens

0:00 Phoenix Lights

1:10 Shape-shifting UFO

1:56 Italy UFO Encounter

2:51 Glowing UFO Caught on Camera

3:46 Split Into Two

5:40 UAP Cube

Pilot records Orbs over Colorado, US Sept 2022 - MUFON Case 125796

Video shared on Reddit by emveetu, recorded on September 13, 2022 at 2:10 AM in the area of Denver, Colorado.

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Bright UFO Spotted in Slovakia, Sept 2022

Video shared on Instagram, filmed in Bratislava, Slovakia, on September 19, 2022.

Video shared on Instagram, filmed in Bratislava, Slovakia, on September 19, 2022.

Video shared on Reddit by MonkeyOnMushrooms, recorded on October 6, 2022, showing cluster of Lights floating in Space filmed by ISS cam.

Luis Elizondo & BOB LAZAR'S FAVORITE TR3B UFO CLIP

What Elon Musk Just Said About Aliens Will Shock You

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{ https://www.youtube.com/ }

Eyewitnesses talk about observing debris from the 1947 crashed alien craft in Roswell

The incident in Roswell, New Mexico, which happened in 1947, involved the recovery of rubber and metallic debris from a ranch. It sparked conspiracy theories about a flying saucer and the involvement of the US government. The debris was found by officers from the Roswell Army Air Field.

On July 8, 1947, the Roswell Army Air Field released a press release stating that it had recovered a flying saucer. However, it was later revealed that the object was a weather balloon. In 1994, the US Air Force identified the object as a surveillance balloon that was part of a nuclear test project known as Project Mogul.

The incident was not widely discussed during the 1970s. In an interview with Stanton Friedman, Jesse Marcel, a former lieutenant colonel, said that he believed that the debris found in Roswell was extraterrestrial. Ufologists then started promoting various conspiracy theories about the incident. They claimed that the saucer was an alien spacecraft, and that the military had recovered the occupants.

Despite the various conspiracy theories about the incident, the story about the incident continues to be talked about in the media. It has been regarded as the most thoroughly debunked UFO claim ever made.

0:00 Jesse Marcel Sr.

1:07 Jesse Marcel Jr.

3:05 Bill Brazel Jr., son of W.W. “Mac” Brazel

9:09 Marian Strickland, neighbor of W.W. “Mac” Brazel

11:20 Loretta Proctor, neighbor of W.W. “Mac” Brazel

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

JWST detects carbon dioxide in atmosphere of exoplanet for first time

In the spectrum of WASP-39 b, JWST was able to measure the subtle differences in individual colors across the 3- to 5.5-micron range, something no other observatory has done before. And JWST isn’t even done with this exoplanet yet. Three more observations are planned, which, when combined, will essentially give the full chemical inventory of WASP-39 b. 

Scientists will then be able to use that information as a kind of fossil record, helping them piece together the formation history of the planet. 

The great migration 

Prior to the discovery of exoplanets, researchers believed that the gas giants in our solar system formed entirely in their respective orbits. But when observations showed that many giant exoplanets were winding up in wildly different orbits, such as extremely close to their host stars, that theory had to be modified. Now, most researchers think that Jupiter and Saturn migrated throughout the solar system during their formation, sweeping in closer to the Sun before backtracking closer to their original birth places. 

{ https://www.hln.be/ }