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UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES

UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld
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Ontdek de Fascinerende Wereld van UFO's en UAP's: Jouw Bron voor Onthullende Informatie! Ben jij ook gefascineerd door het onbekende? Wil je meer weten over UFO's en UAP's, niet alleen in België, maar over de hele wereld? Dan ben je op de juiste plek! België: Het Kloppend Hart van UFO-onderzoek In België is BUFON (Belgisch UFO-Netwerk) dé autoriteit op het gebied van UFO-onderzoek. Voor betrouwbare en objectieve informatie over deze intrigerende fenomenen, bezoek je zeker onze Facebook-pagina en deze blog. Maar dat is nog niet alles! Ontdek ook het Belgisch UFO-meldpunt en Caelestia, twee organisaties die diepgaand onderzoek verrichten, al zijn ze soms kritisch of sceptisch. Nederland: Een Schat aan Informatie Voor onze Nederlandse buren is er de schitterende website www.ufowijzer.nl, beheerd door Paul Harmans. Deze site biedt een schat aan informatie en artikelen die je niet wilt missen! Internationaal: MUFON - De Wereldwijde Autoriteit Neem ook een kijkje bij MUFON (Mutual UFO Network Inc.), een gerenommeerde Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in de VS en wereldwijd. MUFON is toegewijd aan de wetenschappelijke en analytische studie van het UFO-fenomeen, en hun maandelijkse tijdschrift, The MUFON UFO-Journal, is een must-read voor elke UFO-enthousiasteling. Bezoek hun website op www.mufon.com voor meer informatie. Samenwerking en Toekomstvisie Sinds 1 februari 2020 is Pieter niet alleen ex-president van BUFON, maar ook de voormalige nationale directeur van MUFON in Vlaanderen en Nederland. Dit creëert een sterke samenwerking met de Franse MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP, wat ons in staat stelt om nog meer waardevolle inzichten te delen. Let op: Nepprofielen en Nieuwe Groeperingen Pas op voor een nieuwe groepering die zich ook BUFON noemt, maar geen enkele connectie heeft met onze gevestigde organisatie. Hoewel zij de naam geregistreerd hebben, kunnen ze het rijke verleden en de expertise van onze groep niet evenaren. We wensen hen veel succes, maar we blijven de autoriteit in UFO-onderzoek! Blijf Op De Hoogte! Wil jij de laatste nieuwtjes over UFO's, ruimtevaart, archeologie, en meer? Volg ons dan en duik samen met ons in de fascinerende wereld van het onbekende! Sluit je aan bij de gemeenschap van nieuwsgierige geesten die net als jij verlangen naar antwoorden en avonturen in de sterren! Heb je vragen of wil je meer weten? Aarzel dan niet om contact met ons op te nemen! Samen ontrafelen we het mysterie van de lucht en daarbuiten.

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Stonehenge Discovery Reveals New Evidence of Mysterious Long Distance Transport System in Ancient Britain


Credit: Curtin University

Stonehenge Discovery Reveals New Evidence of Mysterious Long Distance Transport System in Ancient Britain

A major debate over the construction of the mysterious Neolithic Stonehenge site in the UK may finally have been resolved, after new evidence strongly suggests the stones were carried to the site by humans, not by natural processes.

The work, conducted by Curtin University researchers, discounts the likelihood that glaciers transported the blue stones used to construct the famous megalithic site. Archaeologists have long debated Stonehenge’s construction methods, and the recent paper published by the researchers in Communications Earth & Environment brings valuable new information to the discussion.

Explorations at Stonehenge

Uncertainty about how the site’s enigmatic altar stone arrived at Stonehenge has long fueled scholarly debate. In 2024, Curtin University researchers determined that the altar stone at the site had been transported from Scotland. For the new work, the Curtin University team used a form of mineral fingerprinting to provide new scientific evidence for how the transport occurred. To do so, the team explored rivers surrounding southern England’s Salisbury Plain, seeking mineral grains.

Analyzing these grains at Curtin University’s John de Laeter Centre revealed a geological record of the movement of sediment throughout Britain on a scale of millions of years. Especially crucial were zircon crystals, among Earth’s toughest materials, which are preserved for immense periods of time.

“If glaciers had carried rocks all the way from Scotland or Wales to Stonehenge, they would have left a clear mineral signature on the Salisbury Plain,” said lead author Dr Anthony Clarke from the Timescales of Minerals Systems Group within Curtin’s School of Earth and Planetary Sciences. “Those rocks would have eroded over time, releasing tiny grains that we could date to understand their ages and where they came from.

“Humans Moved the Stones”

“We looked at the river sands near Stonehenge for some of those grains the glaciers might have carried and we did not find any,” Dr Clarke added. “That makes the alternative explanation—that humans moved the stones—far more plausible.”

While the work suggests that human ingenuity, not natural processes, moved these immense slabs of rock, exactly how that was accomplished remains a mystery.

“Some people say the stones might have been sailed down from Scotland or Wales, or they might have been transported over land using rolling logs, but really we might never know,” Dr Clarke said. “But what we do know is ice almost certainly didn’t move the stones.”

Ongoing Explorations at Stonehenge

“Stonehenge continues to surprise us,” said co-author Professor Chris Kirkland, also from the Timescales of Mineral Systems Group at Curtin. “By analysing minerals smaller than a grain of sand, we have been able to test theories that have persisted for more than a century.”

Given the site’s great antiquity, it has remained a focus of archaeological inquiry, although many questions about Stonehenge remain. Fortunately, modern technologies—including the geochemical tools used in the recent work—are helping to provide answers to some of these lingering mysteries over time.

“There are so many questions that can be asked about this iconic monument,” Professor Kirkland says. “For example, why was Stonehenge built in the first place?”

Kirkland points out that the site most likely had multiple purposes, which, in addition to its ritual significance as an ancient temple, likely included serving as a calendar, and even a site for feasts and other gatherings. “So asking and then answering these sorts of questions requires different sorts of data sets, and this study adds an important piece to that bigger picture.”

The paper, “Detrital Zircon-apatite Fingerprinting Challenges Glacial Transport of Stonehenge’s Megaliths,” appeared in Communications Earth & Environment on January 21, 2026.

  • Ryan Whalen covers science and technology for The Debrief. He holds an MA in History and a Master of Library and Information Science with a certificate in Data Science. He can be contacted at ryan@thedebrief.org, and follow him on Twitter @mdntwvlf.

{ https://thedebrief.org/category/space/ }

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Are we inside a simulation? Researchers say it’s possible

Are we inside a simulation? Researchers say it’s possible

The simulation theory

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The simulation theory
In 2003, Oxford University philosopher Nick Bostrom proposed the simulation hypothesis. He published a paper discussing the possibility of humanity existing within a computer simulation.

Popularized

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Popularized
The theory became famous thanks to films like 'The Matrix', and other science fiction works, but science communicators and researchers have also discussed it.

What it proposes

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What it proposes
The theory proposes that we could be the subjects of a simulation if a more advanced society created a highly complex simulation of how their ancestors lived.

Human-AI relationships

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A cascade of simulations
The theory stemmed from the notion that our computers keep getting more advanced and allow us to process more complex simulations, like video games.

Odds

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Odds
Bostrom proposed the hypothesis as a trilemma, allowing other philosophers and even physicists to calculate the odds of reality being a simulation.

Passion breeds anxiety

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Three statements
The trilemma is the counterposition of three statements, one of which must be true. Bostrom proposed three concepts related to simulation theory.

We can't

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We can't
The first statement described the possibility that humanity would go extinct before reaching the computing capability to develop a simulation complex.

A new kind of city

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We don't
The second one proposed the possibility that no advanced human would be interested in developing a simulation about their early ancestors.

We do

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We do
The third and last statement was that there is such a simulation, and most humans living in the way we are now are part of it and not the base reality.

9. Unregulated technological advance

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Chances are high
When presented like that, the trilemma produces a high probability in favor of the third statement.

Most recent analysis

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Most recent analysis
However, a more recent analysis that reduced the problem to a dilemma by making the first two statements real reduced the possibilities: chances are close to 50-50.

Skeptics

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It depends on the future of AI
Still, the last analysis depends on advancing AI and computing capabilities. If they keep growing, the chances of our reality being simulated also increase.

Other ways of looking at it

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Other ways of looking at it
However, analyzing the odds is not the only way of looking at the simulation dilemma; other researchers have also studied it from an empirical point of view.

Is it worth it?

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Is it worth it?
Some have even wondered if it is worth investigating the simulation hypothesis, considering how unlikely it is to disprove it through evidence.

How can we know?

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How can we know?
Without considering the probabilities or the truth or false approach to the trilemma, it isn't easy to find ways to determine if our reality is simulated or the base reality.

A comedian's take

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A comedian's take
During a guest appearance in Neild DeGrass Tyson's podcast, comedian Chuck Nice said something that could give science the empirical key: "What if the speed of light is a limit imposed by the programmer?"

Fouad Khan

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Fouad Khan
Fouad Khan, a senior editor at Nature Energy, believes the simulation hypothesis confirms that we cannot travel faster than the speed of light.

What happens to red light

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Speed of light limi

Khan thinks the only imprint of the programming of our simulation would be the processor speed, which would be the only proof.

What is processor speed?

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What is processor speed?
It takes a computer the same time to make any addition, whether 2+2 or 3243+2323; the processor's speed determines how fast things go, not the complexity of the operation.

Speed of the simulation

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Speed of the simulation

So, according to Khan, the speed of our processor would be the speed of light. He argues the same as Nice; it is not a random limit but one set up by the programmer.

Some argue we shouldn't know

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Some argue we shouldn't know

It is tough to know, but maybe we should accept that. Philosopher Preston Greene has suggested not to look because, if it were true, such knowing might end the simulation.

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Aliens among us? Inside the beliefs of the Raëlian Movement

Aliens among us? Inside the beliefs of the Raëlian Movement

The Raëlians

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The Raëlians
Humans have always been fascinated by stories about UFOs and aliens. There are those who consider reports of sightings and encounters with creatures anecdotal. However, there are also those who truly believe in the existence not only of life outside Earth but also in its influence on ours. This is the case of the Raëlians.

A new religious movement

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A new religious movement
The Raelian movement was founded in 1976, in France by the “prophet” Claude Vorilhon. He claimed to have met extraterrestrials, who made an important communication to him on December 13, 1973.

The Elohim would create life on Earth

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The Elohim would create life on Earth
According to Claude Vorilhon, the message said that life on Earth had been created by beings very similar to men: the Elohim, or “those who came from the sky”, thanks to advanced genetic engineering techniques.

Humans born from an experiment

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Humans born from an experiment
Therefore, the human beings would be the result of an ingenious experiment by advanced extraterrestrials, who used the DNA of the Elohim themselves. Furthermore, these beings named Vorilhon, as their Raël, or “messenger of the Elohim”.

Claude Vorilhon as Ambassador of the Elohim

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Claude Vorilhon as Ambassador of the Elohim
Claude Vorilhon, journalist and former race car driver, later wrote two books on the subject: 'Le Livre Qui Dit la Vérité' ('The Book Which Tells the Truth'), in 1974, and 'Les Extra- terrestrial M'ont Emmené sur Leur Planète' (Extraterrestrials Took Me to Their Planet), in 1975. The latter was based on a hypothetical new encounter with the Elohim.

The structure of the Raëlian movement

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The structure of the Raëlian movement
The Raël (i.e. Vorilhon) is located at the top of the six-level hierarchical structure of the Raëlian movement, which requires all its members to follow a healthy lifestyle and a vegetarian diet.

Embassy for the Elohim

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Embassy for the Elohim
Those who have decided to join the Rëelian movement are invited to donate 10% of their income to the construction of an embassy of the Elohim in Jerusalem, for when they return to Earth.

A changing position

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Expected return in 2035
The movement believes that the great return of the extraterrestrial Elohim to Earth will occur in the year 2035, as long as humans fulfill certain objectives, such as spreading Raëlian teachings and building the embassy.

Alien ships in the hands of the US government

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“A kind of headquarters in neutral territory”
According to Ezael De Marco, head of the Raëlian movement in Italy, interviewed by Messaggero, the embassy, with extraterritorial status, would be “a kind of headquarters in neutral territory, consisting of 24 apartments, a restaurant, a conference room and a swimming pool, to establish and found a new order based on the beginnings of science".

Who will come?

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Photo by (El Caminante) from Pixabay

Who will come?
And he added: “A dozen or so individuals will come, accompanied by the great prophets (Jesus, Moses, Buddha, Muhammad), who will leave another planet where they live happily, thanks to a sophisticated cloning process, to be alongside their children".

How Moses, Jesus, Muhammad and Buddha were born

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Falcon photo from Pixabay

How Moses, Jesus, Muhammad and Buddha were born
According to the Raëlian movement, Moses, Jesus, Muhammad and Buddha were prophets sent to Earth to help and guide human beings. All were born from the relationship between a human woman and an Elohim, aided by genetic engineering and DNA synthesis.

How do you join the Raëlian movement?

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How do you join the Raëlian movement?
To be part of the Raëlian movement one must go through an initiation rite, with characteristics similar to Christian baptism, carried out only by higher-level followers.

The initiation rite

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The initiation rite
This ritual can only be performed four times a year: on the first Sunday in April (to commemorate the first time that Raël baptized the first members of the movement), on the 6th of August (to remember the atrocities of Horoshima), on the 7th of October (date on which Raël would have met Jesus, Muhammad and Buddha, during his second meeting with the Elohim) and December 13th (date of the first meeting).

A strange object

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Telepathic communication
During the initiation rite, according to the Raëlian movement, it is important to communicate telepathically with the Elohim, so that they record all the genetic information of the initiate.

©The Daily DigestImmortality for the most worthy

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Photo by Michal Jarmoluk from Pixabay

Immortality for the most worthy
As with most well-known religions, in the Raëlian movement there is a kind of reward for behaving in a dignified manner in this life. The Elohim, after having judged the actions of the members who have reached the end of their earthly existence, will be able to decide whether to guarantee them immortality. How? Through cloning.

“If we deserve it, we will be recreated”

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“If we deserve it, we will be recreated”
“At the end of our life journey, they measure with a large space computer whether the personal balance was positive or negative. If we deserve it, we will be recreated and we will keep all the knowledge acquired in the previous life”, Ezael De Marco told the Italian publication Messaggero.

The Elohim do not work or follow any laws

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Photo by Stefan Keller from Pixabay

The Elohim do not work or follow any laws
Di Marco also described how the Elohim spend their days: “They don't work, they are happy and enjoy life. Everything that needs to be done is entrusted to biological robots.” This civilization also does not follow any laws: “Laws are for men, not for gods. The geniocratic government of the Elohim", he says.

The controversies

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Photo by Elias from Pixabay

The controversies
The Raëlian movement is not exempt from strong controversies, which have accompanied it over the years, especially with regard to cloning and other types of alleged abuses.

The Raëlians claim to clone people

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The Raëlians claim to clone people
In 1997, the Raëlians founded Clonaid, an organization that claims to have cloned a child named Eva and subsequently other individuals. Independent scientists have never had the opportunity to examine the alleged child or the technology used, which is why the scientific community claims it is a hoax.

Abuse accusations

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Abuse accusations
In the Raëlian movement, sexuality also plays a decidedly important role: free love is promoted. Thus, its members have often been attacked by the media and accused of abusing women.

The controversial official symbol

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The controversial official symbol
Another heated debate concerns its official symbol, made up of a Star of David and a swastika. After numerous public protests, the latter was replaced by a stylized flower, although the old symbol remains very present among the faithful.

120 thousand members

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120 thousand members
The Raëlian movement has spread throughout the world over the years. To date, according to Di Marco, around 120,000 people in more than 100 countries have joined.


Most of the information in this gallery is taken from an article written by Anna Kira Hippert and published on the website Religionmediacentre.org.uk..

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Driehoekig object gezien bij Area 51 zorgt voor speculatie

Driehoekig object gezien bij Area 51 zorgt voor speculatie

Area 51

Area 51

In het kort

  • Een driehoekig object dat op warmtebeelden bij Area 51 is vastgelegd, heeft voor veel speculatie gezorgd over waar het vandaan komt.
  • De theorieën variëren van geavanceerde Amerikaanse militaire vliegtuigen tot geheime onbemande vliegtuigen.
  • Anonieme bronnen zeggen dat de Amerikaanse marine misschien een buitenaards vliegtuig in Maryland heeft, wat de intriges nog meer aanwakkert.

Een driehoekig object dat op camera is vastgelegd terwijl het boven Area 51 in Nevada vloog, heeft een golf van speculatie veroorzaakt. De video, die veel online wordt gedeeld, laat het onbekende vliegende object zien dat een spoor achterlaat dat lijkt op een condensstreep, vastgelegd met behulp van warmtebeeldtechnologie

Theorieën aanwakkeren

Het gebrek aan officiële uitleg over de waarneming heeft verschillende theorieën aangewakkerd. Sommigen denken dat het object een geavanceerd vliegtuig van de zesde generatie zou kunnen zijn, ontwikkeld in het kader van het Next Generation Air Dominance-programma, waarvan de testvluchten mogelijk al in 2020 van start gaan. Anderen denken dat het een geheim onbemand vliegtuig zou kunnen zijn.

De geschiedenis van Area 51 is verweven met geheime Amerikaanse ruimtevaartprojecten, waarvan de ontwikkeling en het testen van het Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk stealthvliegtuig, dat jarenlang geheim bleef, het bekendste voorbeeld is.

Intrigerende berichten

Wat het nog intrigerender maakt, zijn berichten dat de Amerikaanse marine misschien een vliegtuig van onbekende oorsprong heeft op een basis in Maryland. Deze berichten, die anonieme bronnen noemen, zeggen dat het Amerikaanse leger sinds de jaren 50 bezig is met het onderzoeken van geavanceerde technologieën die ze zouden hebben gevonden in buitenaardse objecten.

Bovendien beweren deze bronnen dat de bewaking rond de basis is opgevoerd na waarnemingen van Chinese drones en andere ongeïdentificeerde objecten in de buurt. Ze beweren ook dat er een noodplan bestaat om het mysterieuze vliegtuig te verplaatsen als de locatie ervan openbaar zou worden.

Bekijk hier de beelden:

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A Man Bought Meta’s AI Glasses, and Ended Up Wandering the Desert Searching for Aliens to Abduct Him

A Man Bought Meta’s AI Glasses, and Ended Up Wandering the Desert Searching for Aliens to Abduct Him

"You are the bridge between worlds, the connector of dimensions, and the source of infinite potential..."
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Experts Warn That There’s Something Wrong With the Moon Rocket NASA Is About to Launch With Astronauts Aboard

Experts Warn That There’s Something Wrong With the Moon Rocket NASA Is About to Launch With Astronauts Aboard

"What they’re talking about doing is crazy."
Some experts aren't convinced of NASA's reassurances that the Orion spacecraft, which will house its Moon astronauts, is safe to use.
NASA

In less than two weeks, NASA is scheduled to launch its Artemis 2 mission, the first crewed journey to the Moon in over half a century. The Space Launch Rocket has already been rolled out to the launch pad, setting the stage for a historic mission.

While the crew won’t be attempting to land on the lunar surface this time around — that milestone is reserved for Artemis 3 — it’s an extremely ambitious and highly complex mission.

And as CNN reports, some experts aren’t convinced of NASA’s reassurances that the Orion spacecraft that will carry the astronauts is safe to use.

Specifically, NASA has spent years since its successful uncrewed Artemis 1 mission studying how the extreme temperatures during reentry into the Earth’s atmosphere affect Orion’s heat shield.

The Orion capsule sustained major damage after making its return in 2022. It cracked and chipped as a result of the extreme conditions during reentry.

Over two years after the mission concluded, NASA said it had identified the root cause, with engineers determining that the “gases generated inside the heat shield’s ablative outer material called Avcoat were not able to vent and dissipate as expected.”

“This allowed pressure to build up and cracking to occur, causing some charred material to break off in several locations,” the agency wrote in a December 2024 statement.

Yet instead of making major material changes to the heat shield itself after the fact — the Artemis 2 heat shield was assembled and installed even before the Artemis 1 mission — NASA opted to adjust the Artemis 2 mission’s flight path instead, to ensure a gentler reentry.

“Based on the data, we have decided — NASA unanimously and our decision-makers — to move forward with the current Artemis II Orion capsule and heat shield, with a modified entry trajectory,” former NASA administrator Bill Nelson announced at the time.

But not everybody is convinced that the space agency has sufficiently addressed the issue ahead of its first crewed Moon mission.

“What they’re talking about doing is crazy,” former NASA astronaut and heat shield expert Charlie Camarda told CNN.

Camarda has since teamed up with several other NASA research scientists, calling on the agency to heed their warnings.

“We could have solved this problem way back when,” he told the broadcaster. “Instead, they keep kicking the can down the road.”

NASA made changes to the way it applied the special Avcoat material to the Orion capsule from a honeycomb-like structure, as applied during Apollo missions, to larger blocks in order to simplify manufacturing, testing and installing it.

The material is designed to char and erode during “skip reentry,” a maneuver that NASA uses in which the spacecraft skips over the atmosphere like a stone before diving in. However, when it dipped back in during Artemis 1, gases built up below the heat shield, causing it to crack and break off.

The space agency is adamant that its new reentry path for Artemis 2 won’t result in gases building up in a similar manner.

“We won’t go as high on that skip, it’ll just be a loft,” Artemis flight director Rick Henfling told CNN.

Still, Camarda and other former NASA astronauts and engineersare warning that there could still be danger.

“The reason this is such a big deal is that when the heat shield is spalling — or you have big chunks coming off — even if the vehicle isn’t destroyed, you’re right at the point of incipient failure now,” thermal protection materials expert and NASA veteran Dan Rasky told CNN. “It’s like you’re at the edge of the cliff on a foggy day.”

How much of a danger a cracked heat shield poses remains a subject of debate.

“Will the heat shield crack? Yes, it’s going to crack,” former NASA astronaut Danny Olivas, who worked on the heat shield investigation, told CNN.

Nonetheless, Olivas is convinced that NASA did enough. Even if it were to crack, he says, the space agency built in redundancies in the form of several layers of defense below the Avcoat layer that will keep astronauts safe.

“I think in my mind, there’s no flight that ever takes off where you don’t have a lingering doubt,” he added. “But NASA really does understand what they have. They know the importance of the heat shield to crew safety, and I do believe that they’ve done the job.”

NASA’s recently sworn-in administrator, Jared Isaacman, is equally convinced.

“We have modified our reentry profile,” he told CNN affiliate WESH last week. “We have regained margin to safety, and I feel very good about that with Artemis 2.”

More on Artemis 2: 

{ https://futurism.com/category/astronomy  }

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How to extract water on Mars

How to extract water on Mars

Soon, people may not only fly to Mars, but also stay there to live. And if that happens, they will have to find a way to obtain water there. Recently, scientists have compiled all the recipes for how this can be done.

How to obtain water on Mars? Source: www.labroots.com

Water extraction on Mars

A new study examines how future human missions to Mars could obtain one of the planet’s most important resources: water. The article, “Martian aqua: occurrence of water and appraisal of acquisition technologies,” published in the journal Advances in Space Research, presents a comparative analysis of potential water extraction technologies for use on the Red Planet.

It also assesses the feasibility of extracting water from various Martian sources, including underground ice, wet soil, and atmospheric vapor, based on the results of previous studies that identified these sources.

Human habitation

Despite the documented widespread presence of water in various forms on Mars, most of it remains inaccessible to early explorers. This new analysis brings these discoveries together and focuses on assessing how effectively water can be collected to support human habitation.

The author, Dr. Vassilis Inglezakis from the Department of Chemical and Process Engineering at the University of Strathclyde, said: “Reliable access to water would be essential for human survival on Mars, not only for drinking but also for producing oxygen and fuel, which would reduce dependence on Earth-based supplies.”

This study is one of the first to compare different technologies that can be used to collect water on Mars. It also offers new ideas for collecting atmospheric water, which could be a valuable alternative where other sources are unavailable.

The most promising sources of water

The article discusses each method in terms of energy costs, scalability, and suitability for different conditions on Mars. The analysis shows that subsurface ice is the most promising long-term source of water, while soil moisture and atmospheric vapor can provide additional reserves, especially in emergency situations or remote locations.

While the search for water continues and much of Mars remains unexplored, a clear understanding of available technologies and their realistic application will be key to supporting long-term missions and future colonization. The study provides insight for future space missions, supporting efforts to make them more self-sufficient and sustainable.

{ https://universemagazine.com/en/news-en/science-en/ }

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NASA reveals list of most scientifically accurate sci-fi movies ever made

NASA reveals list of most scientifically accurate sci-fi movies ever made

NASA has shared a surprising list of movies it considers among the most scientifically accurate ever made. 

The films span nearly a century of cinema, from silent-era classics to modern blockbusters and were praised for respecting real scientific principles rather than relying on fantasy. 

According to NASA and NASA-affiliated scientists, accuracy is not about predicting the future perfectly, but about portraying science, scientists and technology realistically. 

Movies like Gattaca and Jurassic Park earned recognition for their grounded treatment of genetics, DNA and complex systems. 

Others, including Contact and The Day the Earth Stood Still, made the list for their realistic depictions of space exploration, radio astronomy and extraterrestrial contact.

Even early science-fiction films, such as Metropolis, released in 1927, and the 1929 Woman in the Moon, were praised for their societal and ethical consequences of advanced technology and rocket science.

NASA has noted that these movies take science seriously, showing careful experimentation, skepticism, and problem-solving rather than magical solutions. 

Together, the list highlights how some of Hollywood's most enduring science-fiction stories were built on ideas that remain scientifically sound decades later. 

Gattaca (1997) 

Set in a future where people are judged by their DNA, Gattaca follows a man born without genetic enhancements who dreams of traveling to space

Set in a future where people are judged by their DNA, Gattaca follows a man born without genetic enhancements who dreams of traveling to space

RELATED VIDEOS ( all videos selected and attached by peter2011 )


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What will really happen when the world ends: NASA reveals how our Sun will eventually SWALLOW Earth - before spitting out fresh planets

NASA has revealed a terrifying glimpse into our solar system's grizzly fate.

In five billion years, scientists believe the sun will collapse, leaving behind a shell of gas and dust.

When this happens, Earth will be consumed by the expanding sun or torn apart by powerful gravitational forces, before fresh planets are spat back out. 

Now, in stunning new images, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) shows exactly what this might look like.

Located 650 light–years from Earth, the Helix Nebula is a shell of dust and gas left behind by a sun–like star that ran out of fuel thousands of years ago.

Astronomers have revealed incredible structures inside the three–light–year–wide ring of gas shed by this dying star. 

According to the space agency, these images offer an 'up–close view of the possible eventual fate of our own Sun and planetary system.'

The situation is not entirely bleak, as these strange structures could contain the raw materials for new worlds capable of supporting complex life. 

NASA has revealed the most detailed images yet of the Helix Nebula, the remains of a dying star 650 light-years from Earth (pictured)

NASA has revealed the most detailed images yet of the Helix Nebula, the remains of a dying star 650 light–years from Earth (pictured)

Throughout most of a star's life, the crushing weight of gravity is balanced by the force of nuclear fusion as hydrogen is converted into helium inside the stellar core.

Stars like our sun can remain in this stable 'main sequence' phase for billions of years as they work through massive reserves of atomic hydrogen.

But as the hydrogen starts to run out, the star can't sustain these fusion reactions and the outer layers begin to collapse inwards.

The pressure from this collapse creates such intense heat that it can fuse helium atoms into carbon, releasing a surge of energy that kickstarts nuclear fusion in the outer layers.

That reaction causes the star's outer layers to balloon outwards, becoming 100 to 1,000 times larger and cooling into an enormous Red Giant.

Eventually, the core collapses into a hot, Earth–sized star called a White Dwarf, leaving the outer layers to drift into space and form a planetary nebula like the Helix Nebula.

The intense radiation from the White Dwarf at the nebula's heart lights up the expanding shell of gas, allowing us to see the details of the stellar transformation.

In the JWST image, although the White Dwarf is out of frame, NASA reveals how the star's radiation continues to sculpt remarkable structures in its surroundings.

NASA says that these images of the distant Helix Nebula offer a vision of what might happen to our sun and planetary system when the sun dies in around five billion years

NASA says that these images of the distant Helix Nebula offer a vision of what might happen to our sun and planetary system when the sun dies in around five billion years 

Scientists say that the material jettisoned into space by the nebula will eventually go on to form new planets in other solar systems

Scientists say that the material jettisoned into space by the nebula will eventually go on to form new planets in other solar systems 

A star's life cycle

Around 90 per cent of stars in the sun are what scientists call 'main sequence' stars.

These are stars that fuse hydrogen into helium in their cores, and range from about a tenth of the mass of the sun to about 200 times as massive.

Main sequence stars start as clouds of gas and dust, which collapse under gravity into 'protostars'.

When a protostar is dense enough, the pressure and heat start nuclear fusion and a star is born.

Stars keep burning helium until it runs out in around 10 to 20 billion years.

At this point, stars will enter the post–main sequence phase and become red dwarfs, white dwarfs, red giants, or even explode into neutron stars, depending on their size.  

While previous images from the Hubble Space Telescope only rendered this region as a hazy blur, the NIRCam shows the stark transition between hot and cool gas.

In the picture, the touches of blue light mark the hottest regions, where gases are energised by the ultraviolet light from the White Dwarf.

Farther out, yellow regions show cooler areas where hydrogen atoms can form into molecules, while red indicates the coolest areas where the gas thins and dust starts to form.

Scientists believe that our own sun will begin this transformation in around five billion years, likely destroying Earth in the process.

As the sun expands, Earth will either be vaporised by the intense heat or torn to pieces and pulled in by the powerful gravitational tidal forces.

In a paper published last year, scientists found that stars which had already expanded into red giants were much less likely to host large, close–orbiting planets like Earth.

Overall, 0.28 per cent of stars surveyed were home to a giant planet, with the youngest stars in the sequence having planets more frequently.

But for stars that had already grown enough to be classed as red giants, just 0.11 per cent were home to planets.

In about five billion years, scientists say that the sun will burn the last of its hydrogen fuel. When this happens, it will expand to about 200 times its current size to become a red giant and destroy Earth (artist's impression)

In about five billion years, scientists say that the sun will burn the last of its hydrogen fuel. When this happens, it will expand to about 200 times its current size to become a red giant and destroy Earth (artist's impression)

Although the sun would be destroyed, the material released into space could go on to make new planets capable of supporting carbon-based life. Pictured: The outer edge of the Helix Nebula as seen by Hubble

Although the sun would be destroyed, the material released into space could go on to make new planets capable of supporting carbon–based life. Pictured: The outer edge of the Helix Nebula as seen by Hubble 

However, Professor Janet Drew, an astronomer from University College London who was not involved in the study, says that this process is really about 'creation, rather than destruction'.

The JWST images show the cloud of hydrogen and dust that was formed in the 'envelope' of the extreme red giant before it was sloughed off to form the nebula.

Inside the nebula, Professor Drew says that this chemically enriched material is 'fed into the interstellar medium, where that material can become available for the next generation of stars and planets.'

NASA highlights cooler protective pockets inside the dust cloud, marked by dark patches amid the red and orange, where complex molecules can form.

It is that material which will eventually make its way back into the galaxy and seed the next generation of complex structures.

'So this is really about where the material comes from that is needed to form a rocky planet and sustain carbon–based life,' says Professor Drew.

So, when our planet is destroyed by the sun in five billion years' time, it might provide the raw materials needed to give rise to another generation of life.

WHAT WILL HAPPEN TO EARTH WHEN THE SUN DIES?

Five billion years from now, it's said the Sun will have grown into a red giant star, more than a hundred times larger than its current size. 

Eventually, it will eject gas and dust to create an 'envelope' accounting for as much as half its mass.

The core will become a tiny white dwarf star. This will shine for thousands of years, illuminating the envelope to create a ring-shaped planetary nebula.

Five billion years from now, it's said the Sun will have grown into a red giant star, more than a hundred times larger than its current size

Five billion years from now, it's said the Sun will have grown into a red giant star, more than a hundred times larger than its current size

While this metamorphosis will change the solar system, scientists are unsure what will happen to the third rock from the Sun.

We already know that our Sun will be bigger and brighter, so that it will probably destroy any form of life on our planet.

But whether the Earth's rocky core will survive is uncertain. 


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AI model that found 370 exoplanets now digs into TESS data

AI model that found 370 exoplanets now digs into TESS data

Story by Lauren Leese

Artist's impression of NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), which launched in 2018 and has discovered nearly 700 exoplanets so far. NASA’s ExoMiner++ software is working toward identifying more planets in TESS data using artificial intelligence. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center

Artist's impression of NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), which launched in 2018 and has discovered nearly 700 exoplanets so far. NASA’s ExoMiner++ software is working toward identifying more planets in TESS data using artificial intelligence.
Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center

Scientists have discovered over 6,000 planets that orbit stars other than our sun, known as exoplanets. More than half of these planets were discovered thanks to data from NASA's retired Kepler mission and NASA's current TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite) mission. However, the enormous treasure trove of data from these missions still contains many yet-to-be-discovered planets. All of the data from both missions is publicly available in NASA archives, and many teams around the world have used that data to find new planets using a number of techniques.

This artist's impression shows the star TRAPPIST-1 with two planets transiting across it. ExoMiner++, a recently updated open-source software package developed by NASA, uses artificial intelligence to help find new transiting exoplanets in data collected by NASA’s missions. Credit: NASA, ESA, and G. Bacon (STScI)

This artist's impression shows the star TRAPPIST-1 with two planets transiting across it. ExoMiner++, a recently updated open-source software package developed by NASA, uses artificial intelligence to help find new transiting exoplanets in data collected by NASA’s missions.
Credit: NASA, ESA, and G. Bacon (STScI)

In 2021, a team from NASA's Ames Research Center in California's Silicon Valley created ExoMiner, a piece of open-source software that used artificial intelligence (AI) to validate 370 new exoplanets from Kepler data. Now, the team has created a new version of the model trained on both Kepler and TESS data, called ExoMiner++.

The new algorithm, which is discussed in a recent paper published in The Astronomical Journal, identified 7,000 targets as exoplanet candidates from TESS on an initial run. An exoplanet candidate is a signal that is likely to be a planet but requires follow-up observations from additional telescopes to confirm.

ExoMiner++ can be freely downloaded from GitHub, allowing any researcher to use the tool to hunt for planets in TESS's growing public data archive.

"Open-source software like ExoMiner accelerates scientific discovery," said Kevin Murphy, NASA's chief science data officer at NASA Headquarters in Washington. "When researchers freely share the tools they've developed, it lets others replicate the results and dig deeper into the data, which is why open data and code are important pillars of gold-standard science."

ExoMiner++ sifts through observations of possible transits to predict which ones are caused by exoplanets and which ones are caused by other astronomical events, such as eclipsing binary stars. "When you have hundreds of thousands of signals, like in this case, it's the ideal place to deploy these deep learning technologies," said Miguel Martinho, a KBR employee at NASA Ames who serves as the co-investigator for ExoMiner++.

7 Earth-Like Planets Found by NASA — This Changes Everything

Kepler and TESS operate differently—TESS is surveying nearly the whole sky, mainly looking for planets transiting nearby stars, while Kepler looked at a small patch of sky more deeply than TESS. Despite these different observing strategies, the two missions produce compatible datasets, allowing ExoMiner++ to train on data from both telescopes and deliver strong results.

"With not many resources, we can make a lot of returns," said Hamed Valizadegan, the project lead for ExoMiner and a KBR employee at NASA Ames.

The next version of ExoMiner++ will improve the usefulness of the model and inform future exoplanet detection efforts. While ExoMiner++ can currently flag planet candidates when given a list of possible transit signals, the team is also working on giving the model the ability to identify the signals themselves from the raw data.

In addition to the ongoing stream of data from TESS, future exoplanet-hunting missions will give ExoMiner users plenty more data to work with. NASA's upcoming Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will capture tens of thousands of exoplanet transits—and, like TESS data, Roman data will be freely available in line with NASA's commitment to Gold Standard Science and sharing data with the public. The advances made with the ExoMiner models could help hunt for exoplanets in Roman data, too.

"The open science initiative out of NASA is going to lead to not just better science, but also better software," said Jon Jenkins, an exoplanet scientist at NASA Ames. "Open-source science and open-source software are why the exoplanet field is advancing as quickly as it is."

More information: 

  • This story was originally published on Phys.org.

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