Top 10: Controversial pieces of evidence for extraterrestrial life

Over the years many hints have emerged that there might be life beyond Earth. New Scientist looks at 10 of the most hotly-debated discoveries.

1. 1976, The Viking Mars landers detect chemical signatures indicative of life

2. 1977, The unexplained extraterrestrial "Wow!" signal is detected by an Ohio State University radio telescope

3. 1996, Martian "fossils" are discovered in meteorite ALH80041 from Antarctica

4. 2001, A more rigorous estimate of the "Drake equation" suggests that our galaxy may contain hundreds of thousands of life-bearing planets

5. 2001, The red tinge of Jupiter's moon Europa proposed to be due to frozen bits of bacteria, which also helps explain the mysterious infrared signal it gives off

6. 2002, Russian scientists argue that a mysterious radiation-proof microbe may have evolved on Mars

7. 2002, Chemical hints of life are found in old data from Venus probes and landers. Could microbes exist in Venusian clouds?

8. 2003, Sulphur traces on Jupiter's moon Europa may be the waste products of underground bacterial colonies

9. 2004, Methane in the Martian atmosphere hints at microbial metabolism

10. 2004, A mysterious radio signal is received by the SETI project on three occasions - from the same region of space

1. 1976, The Viking Mars landers detect chemical signatures indicative of life

Tests performed on Martian soil samples by NASA's Viking landers hinted at chemical evidence of life. One experiment mixed soil with radioactive-carbon-labelled nutrients and then tested for the production of radioactive methane gas.

The test reported a positive result. The production of radioactive methane suggested that something in the soil was metabolising the nutrients and producing radioactive gas. But other experiments on board failed to find any evidence of life, so NASA declared the result a false positive.

Despite that, one of the original scientists - and others who have since re-analysed the data - still stand by the finding. They argue that the other experiments on board were ill-equipped to search for evidence of the organic molecules - a key indicator of life.

This boulder-strewn field reaches to the horizon, nearly 2 miles distant from Viking Lander 2's position on Mars' Utopian Plain. Scientists believe the colours of the Martian surface and sky in this photo represent their true colours (Image: NASA Langley Research Center)

Read more: Did Viking missions see life on Mars?

2. 1977, The unexplained extraterrestrial "Wow!" signal is detected by an Ohio State University radio telescope

In August 1977 an Ohio State University radio telescope detected an unusual pulse of radiation from somewhere near the constellation Sagittarius. The 37-second-long signal was so startling that an astronomer monitoring the data scrawled "Wow!" on the telescope's printout.

The signal was within the band of radio frequencies where transmissions are internationally banned on Earth. Furthermore, natural sources of radiation from space usually cover a wider range of frequencies.

As the nearest star in that direction is 220 million light years away, either a massive astronomical event - or intelligent aliens with a very powerful transmitter would have had to have created it. The signal remains unexplained.

Read more: 13 things that do not make sense

3. 1996, Martian "fossils" are discovered in meteorite ALH84001 from Antarctica

NASA scientists controversially announced in 1996 that they had found what appeared to be fossilised microbes in a potato-shaped lump of Martian rock. The meteorite was probably blasted off the surface of Mars in a collision, and wandered the solar system for some 15 million years, before plummeting to Antarctica, where it was discovered in 1984.

Careful analysis revealed that the rock contained organic molecules and tiny specs of the mineral magnetite, sometimes found in Earth bacteria. Under the electron microscope, NASA researchers also claimed to have spotted signs of "nanobacteria".

But since then much of the evidence has been challenged. Other experts have suggested that the particles of magnetite were not so similar to those found in bacteria after all, and that contaminants from Earth are the source of the organic molecules. A 2003 study also showed how crystals that resemble nanobacteria could be grown in the laboratory by chemical processes.

Read more: Death knell for Martian life

4. 2001, More rigorous calculations connected to the 1960s "Drake equation" suggests that our galaxy may contain hundreds of thousands of life-bearing planets

In 1961 US radio astronomer Frank Drake developed an equation to help estimate the number of planets hosting intelligent life - and capable of communicating with us - in the galaxy.

The Drake equation multiplies together seven factors including: the formation rate of stars like our Sun, the fraction of Earth-like planets and the fraction of those on which life develops. Many of these figures are open to wide debate, but Drake himself estimates the final number of communicating civilisations in the galaxy to be about 10,000.

In 2001, a more rigorous estimate of the number of life-bearing planets in the galaxy - using new data and theories - came up with a figure of hundreds of thousands. For the first time, the researchers estimated how many planets might lie in the "habitable zone" around stars, where water is liquid and photosynthesis possible. The results suggest that an inhabited Earth-like planet could be as little as a few hundred light years away.

Read more: Other Earths

5. 2001, The red tinge of Jupiter's moon Europa proposed to be due to frozen bits of bacteria, which also helps explain the mysterious infrared signal it gives off

Alien microbes might be behind Europa's red tinge, suggested NASA researchers in 2001. Though the surface is mostly ice, data shows it reflects infrared radiation in an odd manner. That suggests that something - magnesium salts perhaps - are binding it together. But no one has been able to come up with the right combination of compounds to make sense of the data.

Intriguingly, the infrared spectra of some Earthly bacteria - those that thrive in extreme conditions - fits the data at least as well as magnesium salts. Plus, some are red and brown in colour, perhaps explaining the moon's ruddy complexion. Though bacteria might find it difficult to survive in the scant atmosphere and -170°C surface temperature of Europa, they might survive in the warmer liquid interior. Geological activity could then spew them out periodically to be flash frozen on the surface.

Read more: Bacterial explanation for Europa's rosy glow

6. 2002, Russian scientists argue that a mysterious radiation-proof species of microbe may have evolved on Mars

In 2002 Russian astrobiologists claimed that super-hardy Deinococcus radiourans evolved on Mars. The microbe can survive several thousand times the radiation dose that would kill a human.

The Russians zapped a population of the bacteria with enough radiation to kill 99.9%, allowed the survivors to repopulate, before repeating the cycle. After 44 rounds it took 50 times the original dose of radiation. They calculated that it would take many thousands of these cycles to make common microbe E.coli as resilient as Deinococcus. And on Earth it takes between a million and 100 million years to encounter each dose of radiation. Therefore there just has not been enough time in life's 3.8 billion year history on Earth for such resistance to have evolved, they claim.

By contrast, the surface of Mars, unprotected by a dense atmosphere, is bombarded with so much radiation that the bugs could receive the same dose in just a few hundred thousand years. The researchers argue that Deinococcus's ancestors were flung off of Mars by an asteroid and fell to Earth on meteorites. Other experts remain sceptical.

Read more: Tough Earth bug may be from Mars

7. 2002, Chemical hints of life are found in old data from Venus probes and landers. Could microbes exist in Venusian clouds?

Life in Venus' clouds may be the best way to explain some curious anomalies in the composition of its atmosphere, claimed University of Texas astrobiologists in 2002. They scoured data from NASA's Pioneer and Magellan space probes and from Russia's Venera Venus-lander missions of the 1970s.

Solar radiation and lightning should be generating masses of carbon monoxide on Venus, yet it is rare, as though something is removing it. Hydrogen sulphide and sulphur dioxide are both present too. These readily react together, and are not usually found co-existing, unless some process constantly is churning them out. Most mysterious is the presence of carbonyl sulphide. This is only produced by microbes or catalysts on Earth, and not by any other known inorganic process.

The researchers' suggested solution to this conundrum is that microbes live in the Venusian atmosphere. Venus's searing hot, acidic surface may be prohibitive to life, but conditions 50 kilometres up in the atmosphere are more hospitable and moist, with a temperature of 70°C and a pressure similar to Earth.

Read more: Acidic clouds of Venus could harbour life

8. 2003, Sulphur traces on Jupiter's moon Europa may be the waste products of underground bacterial colonies

In 2003, Italian scientists hypothesised that sulphur traces on Europa might be a sign of alien life. The compounds were first detected by the Galileo space probe, along with evidence for a volcanically-warmed ocean beneath the moon's icy crust.

The sulphur signatures look similar to the waste-products of bacteria, which get locked into the surface ice of lakes in Antarctica on Earth. The bacteria survive in the water below, and similar bacteria might also thrive below Europa's surface, the researchers suggest. Others experts rejected the idea, suggesting that the sulphur somehow originates from the neighbouring moon Io, where it is found in abundance.

Read more: Vital clues from Europa

9. 2004, Methane in the Martian atmosphere hints at microbial metabolism

In 2004 three groups - using telescopes on Earth and the European Space Agency's Mars Express orbiting space probe - independently turned up evidence of methane in the atmosphere. Nearly all methane in our own atmosphere is produced by bacteria and other life.

Methane could also be generated by volcanism, the thawing of frozen underground deposits, or delivered by comet impacts. However, the source has to be recent, as the gas is rapidly destroyed on Mars or escapes into space.

In January 2005, an ESA scientist controversially announced that he had also found evidence of formaldehyde, produced by the oxidation of methane. If this is proved it will strengthen the case for microbes, as a whopping 2.5 million tonnes of methane per year would be required to create the quantity of formaldehyde postulated to exist.

There are ways to confirm the presence of the gas, but scientists will need to get the equipment to Mars first.

Read more: A whiff of life on the Red Planet

10. 2004, A mysterious radio signal is received by the SETI project on three occasions - from the same region of space

In February 2003, astronomers with the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) project, used a massive telescope in Puerto Rico to re-examine 200 sections of the sky which had all previously yielded unexplained radio signals. These signals had all disappeared, except for one which had become stronger.

The signal - widely thought to be the best candidate yet for an alien contact - comes from a spot between the constellations Pisces and Aries, where there are no obvious stars or planets. Curiously, the signal is at one of the frequencies that hydrogen, the most common element, absorbs and emits energy. Some astronomers believe that this is a very likely frequency at which aliens wishing to be noticed would transmit.

Nevertheless, there is also a good chance the signal is from a never-seen-before natural phenomenon. For example, an unexplained pulsed radio signal, thought to be artificial in 1967, turned out to be the first ever sighting of a pulsar.

Read more: Mysterious signals from light years away

Shocked astronomers discover strange new type of space object

The object in these photographs captured by Hubble is not a comet. It's something that no astronomer has ever seen before, according to NASA: An asteroid with six comet-like tails that isn't moving like a comet and it's not made of ice. It's just hanging up there, rotating like a crazy space spider.

According to lead investigator David Jewitt of the University of California at Los Angeles, "we were literally dumbfounded when we saw it [in the solar system's asteroid belt] We were completely knocked out."

NASA says that "unlike all other known asteroids, which appear simply as tiny points of light, this asteroid, designated P/2013 P5, resembles a rotating lawn sprinkler. Astronomers are puzzled over the asteroid's unusual appearance."

Jewitt and his colleagues have a theory about how this one-of-a-kind object came to be: a space collision.

Jewitt said it appears P/2013 P5 is a fragment of a larger asteroid that broke apart in a collision roughly 200 million years ago. There are many collision fragments in orbits similar to P/2013 P5's. Meteorites from these bodies show evidence of having been heated to as much as 1,500 degrees Fahrenheit. This means the asteroid likely is composed of metamorphic rocks and does not hold any ice as a comet does.

However, NASA also says that "they do not believe the tails are the result of an impact with another asteroid because they have not seen a large quantity of dust blasted into space all at once."

The Valensole Alien Incident

                                        (Before It's News)

On July 1, 1965 in Valensole, Basses Alpes, France, farmer Maurice Masse was inspecting his field of lavender when he heard a whistling sound, then noticed an egg-shaped object with six thin legs and a central pedestal standing nearby. A classic close encounter case from France. At the same time, he also saw two “small boys,” humanoid-looking beings less than four feet tall, dressed in grayish-green one-piece coveralls.

On July 1, 1965, near Valensole, France, a farmer named Maurice Masse noticed something unusual in his lavender field. It was around 5:45 a.m., as Masse was smoking himself a cigarette before starting his tractor, when he was suddenly startled by a whistling noise. At the time, he was positioned next to a 7-foot-tall rubble pile at the edge of a vineyard, so he had to step out from around this to view the source of the sound. It was then that he saw something shaped rather like a rugby ball and about the size of a Dauphine automobile, resting on four legs some 200 feet away in his lavender field. Close to the curious looking object were two figures resembling “boys of about eight years.” More curious than afraid, Masse approached and when he got within approx. 15-20 feet of the figures, they became aware of his presence and stood up. Masse described the beings as less than 4 feet tall, as dressed in gray-green overalls with smooth, bald, pumpkinlike heads, large slanted eyes, and with little holes for their mouths. They made grunting sounds between them, although their mouths did not change appearance, and Masse was not sure where on their bodies the noise was coming from.

One of the beings pointed a pencil-like object at Masse, whereupon he found that he could no longer move. Then the being placed the object into a small case or holster on its left side, and then the two beings moved with great agility toward the UFO, which they entered through a sliding door. Then with a whistling noise the UFO lifted off the ground and within seconds had disappeared in a westerly direction. After about 20 minutes, Masse had regained full control of his body again.

Marks from the apparent craft remained visible on the ground. Three days after the incident, Masse suffered a great loss of energy. He slept 12 to 14 hours on the first day, and then the next day he slept nearly 24 hours. It was several weeks before he was able to resume his normal sleep routine.

A number of investigators who had interviewed Masse (including the distinguished Professor Jacques Vallee) concluded that he wasn’t telling the whole story. Though he hinted that there had been some sort of communication between himself and the beings, he never revealed the particulars to investigators. He told Vallee that one was best off not sharing such encounters with anyone, even family. “One always says too much,” he added.

Malta UFO Research Account

On 1 July 1965, in the early hours of the morning, French farmer Maurice Masse at Valensole was attracted to the sight of a landed object in his lavender field by a strange high-pitched sound.

The object was shaped like an egg with a cupola on top and was approximately fifteen feet wide. It was standing on six legs in a manner reminiscent of a spider, according to the witness. The door of the object was open and within it Masse could see two seats.

Near the object were what Masse took to be two young boys apparently taking lavender plants; they turned out to be entities from the object about four feet tall and clad in green “ski suits”. When they noticed Masse approaching, one of them levelled a rod towards him which immobilised him.

On further examination the entities appeared to have large bald heads, big slanting eyes, pronounced chins and small lipless mouths; in fact, very much the description given by many American witnesses. They made guttural sounds.

This style of entity is often recounted by Americans under hypnosis in most fearful terms but Masse’s conscious recall remembers them as good-natured and bringing a sense of peace to him. It is interesting that many American cases involving these entities combine fear with a great longing to be with the creatures, whether or not that emotion is “engineered”.

While Masse was still immobilised, the entities returned to their craft and took off, with the landing legs retracting. It was some considerable time before Masse was able to move. Four days after the event occurred he fell into a deep sleep and members of his family fought to wake him up, believing that otherwise he would have slept for a very extended period. Usually Masse slept only five or six hours a night but for months after the event he needed at least twelve hours sleep.

The most remarkable of the ground traces was that no lavender plants would grow at the landing site for ten years!

**********

Evidence Compiled by UFO Research Australia

The following account is drawn from a series of articles which originally appeared in the English Flying Saucer review (1965):

Valensole is a small village in the south-east of France, near to Nice. A significant event occurred there on July 1, 1965. In the month of June, Maurice Masse, a World War Two resistance fighter, and a trustworthy farmer according to local police; together with his father had noticed someone had been picking their lavender plants. At 5.45 a.m. Masse was standing by a tractor smoking a cigarette. The tractor was parked by a mound of pebbles and rakings, close to a small vineyard, in the lavender field.

A whistling sound came to his attention which he thought was a helicopter. However, upon looking around the mound he saw an unusual object. It was shaped like a rugby football and the size of a car. It stood on a number of legs, stated to have been 6 in number by Bowen (1974:246) and 4 by Vallee (1990:108). There was a central pivot stuck into the ground beneath it. Masse noted what he first took to be two children, about aged eight years, close by the object apparently inspecting a lavender plant.

Masse thought at first, from an initial distance of 60m, that these were the people who had been taking his plants. He decided to approach quietly through the vineyard. However, when he got closer he realised the figures were not children but unusual beings. He left the vineyard and walked though the low height lavender field.

At about 5m distance from the object, one of the beings turned and pointed a pencil-like object towards him and Masse was frozen, unable to move. Vallee (1988:27) reports that masse could still breath and feel his heart beat present.

The beings were described as follows. They were some 120cm tall and wore close fitting, grey-green clothes, but no head covering. Their heads were pumpkin-like, with high fleshy cheeks. The eyes were large and Vallee (1988:26) adds that Masse told him that the eyes con- veyed human expressions. These eyes slanted away around the sides of the face. The mouth was merely a slit or hole, without noticeable lips. Their chins were very pointed. Vallee (1988:26) adds their hands were small and nor- mal. Grumbling sounds came from their middles.

Masse has consistently refused to disclose what – if anything – happened between him and the beings.

After a while the beings re-entered their object. Vallee (1988:27) notes the door closed “like the front part of a wooden file cabinet. “ The beings were apparently visible looking at him from inside the object, while the legs whirled and retracted. The central pivot made a thumping noise. Then the object lifted offand floated silently away.

At 20m distance from the landing spot the object simply vanished fromview. Masse, according to Vallee (1988 :27), says: “One moment the thing was there and the next moment it was not there anymore.”

It took some 20 minutes forthe paralysis to wear off. After that Masse went back to Valensole. The proprietor of the cafe des Sports questioned him after being alarmed by Masse’s appearance. Masse told him part of what had happened, and the police were informed.

The Digne Gendarmerie, lead by a Captain Valet, were called in to investigate.

The traces:

At the time traces were found at the spot where the object had rested. These consisted of a flat imprint just over 1m in diameter. In the centre, where the central support had been, was a cylindrical hole some 30cm deep and some 15cm diameter. From the hole radiated four flat grooves, making an x shape. Each of the grooves was 2m long and 25cm deep. The soil here was of a near-liquid consistency despite the fact that it had not rained for some time.

That evening Masse and his 18 year old daughter went back to the site . The soil surrounding the central trace was as hard as cement compared to the surrounding soil which crumbled when held.

After a period of time, a 3 m diameter circular area in the middle of rows of lavender plants died, with only a few weeds continuing to grow. Around the perimeter a num- ber of lavender Plants were stunted and withered looking.

The calcium content of the soil, taken from the site, was much higher then in soil taken from other areas of the field (Phenomenes Spatiaux 1966:26)

Masse reploughed the landing site and replanted, but these plants also died.

After effects:

Vallee (1988:27) reports that for several weeks after the event, Masse was overcome with drowsiness and found it difficult to stay awake for more then four hours at a time.

Aime Michel visited Masse on Aug 8,1965, and at the end of the interview showed Masse a drawing of the Socorro object which Masse took to be his object.

Michel reported that Masse appeared anxious, nervous and distressed at interview. Masse said of the beings: “They were good” and they did not wish to do us any harm.”

**********

The Physical Evidence – The Valensole Case

Summary: This case, which Jacques Vallee described as, “the best-authenticated close encounter incident in continental Europe”, includes not only hard traces, botanical data and physiological data, but detailed descriptions of beings associated with the UFO. It came to be known as ‘The Valensole Case’. Not only is it one of the most thoroughly investigated close encounters on record, but examination by French government agencies began on the day of the event.

Our final case, which Jacques Vallee described as, “the best-authenticated close encounter incident in continental Europe”, includes not only hard traces, botanical data and physiological data, but detailed descriptions of beings associated with the UFO. It came to be known as ‘The Valensole Case’. Not only is it one of the most thoroughly investigated close encounters on record, but examination by French government agencies began on the day of the event.

During early morning of 1 July 1965, Maurice Masse, a French lavender farmer, was working in his field in the village of Valensole, near the lower Alps, when he suddenly noticed an object that had landed in his lavender field. At first glance from a distance, he thought that it was a helicopter or some sort of experimental prototype, but as he approached closer to the object, he saw that it was oval shaped and rested on six curved legs and some type of central pivot. Through an opening in the craft he thought that he could see two back-to-back seats. Suddenly he saw two beings, less than four feet [1.2 metres] tall, wearing grey-blue-green suits but without any type of breathing devices. One of them pointed a small tube at the farmer, which immediately paralyzed him. Although lying on the ground, he remained fully conscious, noting that as they looked at him, with what he later described as ‘concerned expressions’, they made strange gurgling sounds from deep within their throats as they communicated with one another. Masse saw that the two beings had large hairless heads, smooth white skin, large eyes that slanted away, pointed chins and small mouths without lips. After their brief dialogue, they entered the craft through a sliding panel and the object took off, leaving a deep crater and an area of moisture that later became as hard as concrete.

After about twenty minutes Masse was able to move his arms and legs, but four days after the incident he collapsed and his sleep pattern was dramatically altered for several months. Rather than his usual five or six hour sleep break, he was sleeping for periods of twelve hours or more and his wife and father noted distinct behavioural changes. Masse was a former Resistance fighter, an astute farmer and regarded as ‘absolutely trustworthy’ by police investigators. Lieutenant-Colonel Valnet, Maitre Chautard, leading the gendarmerie and the Mayor of Valensole, in fact everyone who investigated the case, concluded that Maurice Masse was telling the truth.

Investigators found that the ground where the craft had landed was soaked with moisture, although no rain had fallen. Geometrically spaced indentations covered the area and the plants were affected by the proximity of the phenomenon, appearing to decay in direct proportion to their distance from the central column of the craft. The calcium content of the soil at the landing site was found to be much higher than in samples taken from other areas in the field.

Famous UFO writer and researcher Dr Jacques Vallee, returning to the scene of the incident in 1979 and meeting with Maurice Masse and two of his close friends, makes a number of interesting observations. He notes that Masse was reluctant to give all the details of his experience to investigators as well as to his own family at the time, including the fact that he believed that some type of silent communication took place between himself and the beings. From the beginning he wanted to minimise the impact of the experience, not wanting publicity, amongst other reasons. Like many experiencers of this phenomenon, he had changed in many ways as a result of the experience, including the belief that some form of contact, once established, continued in subtle forms. Vallee concludes, “Throughout these discussions with Mr Masse I had the feeling that I was in the presence of a very intelligent man, capable of deep emotions and rational thought. He is also quite humble; he has declined to appear on a television documentary with a nationally known journalist…. I had brought with me a photograph of similar traces left after another case. Mr Masse looked at me with a mixture of amazement and relief that someone else was aware of these particular marks. He told us that he sometimes found them in his field; that’s how he knows that ‘they’ have come back. He always erases the traces immediately.” – Michael Jordan

Sources:
ufoevidence.org
The UFO Encyclopedia : The Phenomenon from the Beginning (2 Volume Set)
‘Journal of Alternative Realities’, Volume 10, Issue 1, 2002 – Michael Jordan
ufo-taboe.be
archives-lepost.huffingtonpost.fr
The UFO Evidence – Volume 2 : A Thirty Year Report
propertyprovence.info
ufologie.net
Walking Through Walls and Other Impossibilities: The Hybrid Agenda
stadography.com
ufofu.org
iqpedia.com
ufodigest.com
True UFO Accounts: From the Vaults of FATE Magazine

Welsh Roswell nog altijd onopgelost

Gisteren was het precies 40 jaar geleden dat een onbekend vliegend object in Groot-Brittannië neerkwam.

De UFO stortte op 23 januari 1974 neer in het Berwyn-gebergte in Llandrillo in het noorden van Wales. Er wordt ook wel gesproken van het Welshe Roswellincident.

In de lucht werden een aantal vreemde lichten gezien waarna de grond begon te schudden. In eerste instantie dacht men dat een vliegtuig was neergestort of dat er een meteoriet was geëxplodeerd.

Militaire operatie

De politie en de luchtmacht zetten een zoekactie op touw, maar vonden niets. Later werd gesteld dat in het gebied een UFO was neergestort en dat er lichamen van buitenaardse wezens waren gevonden. Onderzoekers beweren dat de lichamen zijn overgebracht naar een topgeheim onderzoeksinstituut op Porton Down. De Britse overheid zou de informatie in de doofpot hebben gestopt.

Onderzoeker Andy Roberts toonde aan dat het leger het gebied had afgezet terwijl het toestel werd geborgen. Mensen in omliggende dorpen werden naar verluidt bezocht door de zogeheten ‘mannen in het zwart’.

Diverse Britse onderzoekers zeggen te hebben gesproken met getuigen die op de avond van de crash in het Berwyn-gebergte waren en zagen dat buitenaardse wezens uit het toestel kwamen.

Ufoloog Russ Kellett stelde op basis van een rapport van de Britse kustwacht dat in diezelfde periode een militaire operatie werd uitgevoerd, genaamd Photoflash. Volgens Kellett werd de kust verlicht om UFO’s onder het wateroppervlak te kunnen zien.

Stuk metaal

Kellett had contact met een visser die in de buurt van Puffin Island een UFO uit het water had zien komen. Hij werd daarnaast benaderd door een aantal mensen die naar eigen zeggen in Llandrillo werden tegengehouden door militairen.

“Ze zagen hoe buitenaardse wezens uit het toestel kwamen en door militairen in een vrachtwagen werden gestopt,” zei Kellett. Hoewel de bewuste getuigen niet meer in leven zijn, heeft hij nog wel een vreemd stuk metaal dat na het incident is gevonden.

Volgens één theorie explodeerde op 23 januari 1974 een meteoriet boven het Berwyn-gebergte en deed zich tegelijkertijd een aardbeving voor. Enkele jaren geleden kwam het Britse ministerie van Defensie met een soortgelijk verhaal. Veel van de getuigen kunnen zich echter niet vinden in de conclusies van het ministerie.

“Er is die avond iets gebeurt wat de autoriteiten stil willen houden,” zei Huw Lloyd, één van de getuigen. “Een UFO behoort zeker tot de mogelijkheden. Ik denk alleen dat we nooit zullen horen wat het geweest is.”

Bekijk ook de aflevering Britain’s Closest Encounters: Berwyn Mountain Mystery die op 2 juli 2008 op de Britse televisie werd uitgezonden:

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• Travel Channel onderzoekt UFO-wrakstukken Russisch Roswell
• Oud-redacteur spreekt zich uit over Roswellincident

© Copyright (c) Niburu.nl

Mysterieuze lichtzuilen boven Ohio (video)

Op een heldere en koude winteravond verschenen in de Amerikaanse staat Ohio bijzondere lichtstralen die vanaf het aardoppervlak recht omhoog schoten.

Inwoners uit de stad Mansfield legden het fenomeen op dinsdagavond en woensdagochtend vast.

De lichten zijn mysterieus en mooi om te zien. Weerman Scott Sabol geeft in onderstaande video tekst en uitleg bij de lichtzuilen.

Bron: Fox8.com

Foto: Raejean Yarger Johnson & Cory Johnson Ontario

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© Copyright (c) Niburu.nl

Alien Transportation? The Star Nations: Part 1, Gamma Ray Burst and Neutron Stars. Pt’s 1 & 2 (Video) (Video) (Plus a Bonus Video)

                                           (Before It's News)

The Star Nations: Part 1, Gamma Ray Burst and Neutron Stars.

January 21 2014

Every nation on Earth is waiting for an arrival from heaven! Every belief system is waiting for the return of their savior and relaize that we are in the end times. The signs are all around us, and globally. There are signs that  the sound of the trumpets is near.

These balls of energy are believed to be used as mode of transportation for fallen angels. What do you think?

Are you prepared?

The Star Nations: 2014 Gamma Ray Burst, Part 2 of 3.

FOR PART 3 ON THE GAMMA RAY BURST AND STAR NATIONS CLICK HERE

Are Governments the World over preparing for an Alien Attack

CERTAIN CHANGES ARE COMING OUR WAY. ARE YOU READY, ARE YOU PREPARED? PLEASE DO NOT STAY STUCK IN DENIAL! Our time truly is limited. Sure, people have been saying that they are in the “end times” for ages now, saying that “Jesus is coming soon”. Seriously these Jesus freaks keep on saying the same thing and nothing ever really happens.  In fact, it is such an old “war cry” that you have tuned it out which in turn has hardened your heart to the warnings. Please just take a quick glance at the news headlines and put the pieces together. There is no denying the signs, the “labor pains” and symptoms any longer. And labor pains progress, they do not diminish.

Are you prepared? Are you protected?

If you are scoffing at the warnings, guess what? You are fulfilling prophecy and you are only hurting yourself and any of those who may be listening to you. Check it out, I’m not putting you on: 2 Peter 3:3, 4 and also in Jude 1:18,19  both are in the New Testament. Get saved; you are going to need His protection. More importantly, you will definitely need your salvation for all of eternity. I don’t know you, but I certainly care about you and your eternity. This is not a gimmick; the only thing I gain from you trusting God is another brother or sister in the Lord.

The ULTIMATE Preparation Right Here: God, Please remove any deception that I may have listened to, believed or embraced that is hindering me from knowing the truth. Because I am not perfect, I am a sinner that needs forgiveness and I ask You to forgive me. I believe You are Savior and Lord Who shed Your Holy, Sinless Blood and died for my sins to be forgiven, and rose from the dead; You live forever. I want to turn away from (repent) my sins. I invite You, Jesus Christ of Nazareth, God the Messiah to come into my heart and life as Savior and Lord. I want to trust and follow You as my Lord and personal Savior. In the all powerful Name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth I pray. Amen. 

DISCLAIMER: ANY ADS IN THIS ARTICLE ARE NOT PLACED BY, OR ENDORSED BY, DUE DILIGENCE.

The content in the video(s) do not necessarily reflect my personal viewpoint or opinion. FBI WARNING: Federal law allows citizens to reproduce, distribute or exhibit portions of copyright motion pictures, video tapes, or video disks under certain circumstances without authorization of the copyright holder. This infringement of copyright is called FAIR USE… and is allowed for purposes of criticism, news reporting, teaching and parody.

NEW SIGHTINGS OF UFOS REPORTED

                                                (Before It's News)

INCREDIBLE ALIEN CRAFT SIGHTING IN MISSOURI

Interview with Jacques Vallee – Implications of UFO Phenomena

Jacques Fabrice Vallée is a venture capitalist, computer scientist, author, ufologist and former astronomer currently residing in San Francisco, California.

In mainstream science, Vallée is notable for co-developing the first computerized mapping of Mars for NASA and for his work at SRI International on the network information center for the ARPANET, a precursor to the modern Internet. Vallée is also an important figure in the study of unidentified flying objects (UFOs), first noted for a defense of the scientific legitimacy of the extraterrestrial hypothesis and later for promoting the interdimensional hypothesis.

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UFO Planet EP91 – Multiple Spheres Over South Carolina

UFO Planet Episode 91 – Take a journey into the unknown with Darin Crapo and examine UFO Sightings recorded over Alexandria, Virginia, USA; Windsor, Ontario, Canada; Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Colonia, Del Sacramento, Uruguay; Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada and Saint Stephen, South Carolina, USA.

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Huge UFO sighting over Leon, Mexico 2nd January 2014

Interesting video footage of a HUGE UFO recoreded in the sky above UFO sighting over Leon, Mexico on 2nd January 2014.

Witness said:
This diamond-shaped object suddenly appeared in front of me, before disappearing and changing shape flicker disappeared after.

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Did Iranian Fighters Battle UFOs?

Iranian Air Force Grumman F-14A Tomcat (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

As if the Iran-UFO connection (the Axis of Alien-ness?) couldn’t get any weirder, it now appears that the Iranian Air Force attempted to shoot down aircraft that didn’t seem very Earth-like.

Before I go any further, the following does not come from a conspiracy Web site. It’s from an article last October in Combat Aircraft Monthly, a military aviation magazine that features some well-respected writers. The article on Iranian F-14 Tomcat fighters by Babak Taghvaee, who has written extensively on the Iranian Air Force, also recounts how Iran attempted to intercept what it believed to be U.S. spy drones overflying its nuclear facilities.

                                                          Iran Says 'Tall, White' Space Aliens Control America                          Michael Peck                      Contributor

                                                          The Most Science Fictional News Stories Of 2013 In Pictures                          Andy Greenberg                  Forbes Staff

What’s interesting in Taghvaee’s piece is how Iran describes the intruders, which the Iranians called “luminous objects” in the belief that they were emitting light to enable night photography:

According to Iranian sources, the CIA’s intelligence drones displayed astonishing flight characteristics, including an ability to fly outside the atmosphere, attain a maximum cruise speed of Mach 10, and a minimum speed of zero, with the ability to hover over the target. Finally, these drones used powerful ECM that could jam enemy radars using very high levels of magnetic energy, disrupting navigation systems.

In one intercept over the Arak nuclear facility in November 2004, an Iranian F-14 Tomcat tried to lock its radar on to a luminous object, only to have the radar beam disrupted. “The pilot described the object as being spherical, with something like a green afterburner creating a considerable amount of turbulence behind it,” according to the article. The intruder then increased its speed and “disappeared like a meteor.”

The tale took a deadly turn in January 2012, when an F-14 was scrambled to intercept an intruder flying towards the Bushehr nuclear power plant. Seconds after take-off, the F-14 exploded, killing both crewmen. No cause for the tragedy was determined.

This is not the first time that Iranian fighters tangled with alleged UFOs: In 1976, during the reign of the Shah before the fundamentalists took over, Iranian F-4 Phantoms unsuccessfully attempted to intercept fast, bright objects, only to have some unknown force knock out their instruments. Yet note that nowhere in Taghvaee’s article do Iranian authorities describe the luminous objects in 2004 and 2012 as UFOs (indeed, the only time the word “UFO” is used at all is in a single sub-headline). It is possible that jamming could have disrupted the dated 1970s radar of Iran’s F-14s in the 2004 incident, while an aging aircraft kept flying by parts smuggled past a Western embargo may have exploded in 2012 for reasons other than extraterrestrial action.

In that case, the question becomes, what kind of aircraft flies at Mach 10? That’s 10 times the speed of sound, or 7,612 miles per hour (the legendary SR-71 Blackbird spy aircraft flew at around Mach 3, or 2,283 miles per hour). An obvious candidate is a hypersonic aircraft like NASA’s experimental X-43  hypersonic aircraft, which flew at Mach 9.68 in 2004. That program was terminated, and briefly resurrected as the Air Force X-51 Waverider, which flew at Mach 5 for nearly four minutes last May before plunging into the Pacific.

But these projects are more like experimental missiles that one day might become manned or unmanned aircraft. If the “luminous objects” described by Iran really did fly at Mach 10, jam radars and zoom away from jet interceptors, then this suggests a hypersonic aircraft mature and reliable enough to be trusted with sensitive reconnaissance missions. Perhaps the semi-mythical Aurora?

Without a lot more evidence, such as a crashed spacecraft of an alien pilot, I am not inclined to believe that UFOs felt a need to peek at Iran’s nuclear sites. It’s more likely that the Iranian military – perhaps through an honest mistake – exaggerated the performance of the intruders. But if they didn’t, and the U.S. was able to deploy Mach 10 reconnaissance aircraft a decade ago, then here’s the biggest mystery:  Why is America spending a trillion dollars to develop a troubled F-35 Joint Strike Fighter that can’t even fly Mach 2?

Maybe the aliens could explain that one.

Update: A skeptical look at the 1976 Tehran incident (thanks to Debunkatron.com for bringing it to our attention).

Tall White Nazi Space Aliens Are Not -- We Repeat NOT -- Invading

The craziest story to emerge from the Edward Snowden leaked documents affair probably has nothing to do with Edward Snowden ... or reality.

According to a story posted by Iran's Fars News Agency, the U.S. government has been under the control of a shadow government overseen by extraterrestrials who helped Nazi Germany's rise in the 1930s.

The news agency story suggests that documents revealed by Snowden are part of a Russian Federal Security Service (FSB) report which states the information provides "incontrovertible proof that an alien/extraterrestrial intelligence agenda is driving U.S. domestic and international policy, and has been doing so since 1945."

The Washington Post and other news sources have pointed out that Iran's quasi official news agency has a tendency for fanciful tales and fabricated quotes.

But what has yet to be clarified is how the reputation of one prominent member of the community of UFO believers -- former Canadian defense minister Paul Hellyer -- has been exploited and misrepresented.

As this story spiraled out of control, Hellyer allegedly confirmed the Fars story was totally accurate. But let's do a little fact checking.

It is true that Hellyer is outspoken about his belief that Earth has been visited by ETs. Nevertheless, he denies any connection to the original source of this Nazi space alien yarn.

The Toronto-based ZlandCommunications News Network, on behalf of Hellyer, sent correspondence to the Washington Post, including:

Mr. Hellyer categorically rejects all and any statements and sources ... which in any manner serve to associate Mr. Hellyer with the following: Edward Snowden, Mr. Snowden's documents, the NSA, the FSB (the Russian Federal Security Service), the website Whatdoesitmean.com and the Fars News.

At no time was Mr. Hellyer ever in communication with the FSB, Fars News or What Does It Mean. ... We insist that the Washington Post publish a full retraction as well as a public apology to Mr. Hellyer.

In fact, the only reason why Hellyer is involved with this story is because of his recent appearance on Russia Today's TV program, "SophieCo."

Hellyer, 90, was Canada's minister of defense during the 1960s. After his retirement, he became the first cabinet-level politician from a G8 country to go on the record claiming that extraterrestrials are already on Earth.

On the "SophieCo" program, Hellyer was outspoken about Earth's interaction with many extraterrestrials, including a race of "Tall Whites" that are allegedly mentioned in Snowden's documents.

While some might link "Tall Whites" to Hitler's idealized super race of white Aryans, Hellyer never made such an association. That false connection seems to be how the Canadian politician got snagged in this mess.

It turns out that Fars didn't even write the story described above. By its own admission -- at the very bottom of the web page -- it acknowledges that it merely reprinted the whole thing, word-for-word. The story originated a day earlier on what the Washington Post refers to as "the ultra-fringe conspiracy theory website, whatdoesitmean.com." Their story was written by one "Sorcha Faal," who is further identified as "Sister Maria Theresa, the 73rd Sorcha Faal of the Sorcha Faal Order, elected as Mother Superior 3 February 2007."

Faal's story contained references to Hellyer's appearance on Russia Today, where he mentioned the Tall White aliens. Then, Faal reported that these Tall Whites were included in Snowden's alleged alien-related documents. Of course, there's no proof that Snowden's documents had such a reference, either.

And then, Fars News picked up Faal's story, saying, "This report has been wired from whatdoesitmean.com. ... All responsibility for the veracity, authenticity and reliability of this report lies with its original source, whatdoesitmean.com."

It probably would've helped clarification of all of this if Fars had added that piece of information at the top of its story rather than all the way down at the bottom.

Fars even explains why it decided to reprint the whatdoesitmean.com story in the first place:

To those of you who may ask why we have basically carried this story, we should say that FNA has been seeking to inform its viewers of those stories which are ignored by the mainstream media, specially in the West. A part of our daily efforts is focused on such reports. In doing so, we sometimes try to cover some -- specially controversial -- topics with different reports to give our viewers a chance to study them from various perspectives.

And there it is, in a nutshell, or nutcase. Fars is essentially off the hook re. where this entire story originated.

Timeline: It all started in December, with Hellyer's televised appearance where he continued his claims about ETs on Earth -- claims he's made for years.

Hellyer was one of many speakers who testified in front of six former members of Congress at the 2013 Citizen Hearing On Disclosure in Washington, D.C.

Shortly after Hellyer's TV rant -- purely coincidental with the ongoing Snowden stories that have seeped into our consciousness -- all of a sudden, whatdoesitmean.com comes out with a story that combines Snowden's leaked documents with Hellyer's comments, and places that far-fetched nonsense into a general environment where people often believe anything they read, especially when the elements of UFOs, aliens, world domination and Nazis are tied together.

That's exactly what happened with this story. In fact, the only thing we know for sure is that Hellyer was on television. But, even that is filled with credibility gaps, as the former Canadian defense minister hasn't come up with even a shred of real evidence of the things he talks about.

Where does credibility begin and end here?

Here are some excerpts from the Hellyer interview after Sophie Shevardnadze asks him why he believes UFOs are as real as airplanes flying over our heads:

Because I know that they are. As a matter of fact, they've been visiting our planet for thousands of years. ... There's just so much evidence, if anybody will take time off to do a little bit of research and study. Some people are interested and will take the time, and others just say, 'Oh, you know it's just fantasy.' Since I've been public on this subject, I get probably three or four emails a week from all over the world, from people who've actually witnessed sightings, and some of them who've actually been on the ships, and some of them who've actually been transported to another planet.

The latest reports that I've been getting from various sources are that there are about 80 different species (of aliens) and some of them look just like us and they could walk down the street and you wouldn't know if you walked past one. They are what we call Nordic Blondes and also the Tall Whites who were actually working with the U.S. Air Force in Nevada. They're able to get away with that -- they had a couple of their ladies dressed as nuns go into Las Vegas to shop and they weren't detected.

Here's the complete interview with Paul Hellyer broadcast on Russia Today's "SophieCo":

All that's really left are the continuing questions about Hellyer and why he maintains his story about aliens visiting Earth. If only he could offer some real, tangible evidence for his claims. That would be nice.

Paul Hellyer reageert op artikel 'VS wordt bestuurd door buitenaardsen'

Enige dagen geleden meldde het Iraanse persbureau Fars dat de Verenigde Staten worden bestuurd door buitenaardsen.

Volgens het persagentschap wordt de VS al sinds het einde van de Tweede Wereldoorlog bestuurd door een buitenaardse schaduwregering.

Het stuk werd afgedrukt in de krant Al Arabiya, inclusief de zogezegde bewijzen van de buitenaardse invloed op het beleid van het land. Er werd onder meer verwezen naar onthullingen door Edward Snowden, die een rapport van de Russische veiligheidsdienst FSB in handen had weten te krijgen.

Reactie

De Canadese oud-minister van Defensie Paul Hellyer zou hebben bevestigd dat de informatie van het persbureau klopt, maar zelf weet hij van niets. Hellyer liet de Washington Post weten dat hij niet geassocieerd wil worden met Edward Snowden, diens documenten, de NSA, de FSB, de website Whatdoesitmean.com en Fars News. Hij is nooit benaderd door de FSB, Fars News of Whatdoesitmean en eist dat de Washington Post het artikel verwijdert en excuses aanbiedt.

Hellyer werd in het stuk genoemd vanwege zijn recente uitspraken tijdens het programma SophieCo van Russia Today. De 90-jarige Hellyer zegt al enkele jaren openlijk dat buitenaardsen onze planeet bezoeken.

Tijdens de uitzending sprak Hellyer over de vele buitenaardse beschavingen die interacteren met de aarde, waaronder ook de ‘tall whites’ of de Nordics.

Ruimteschepen

Fars News heeft het artikel overgenomen van de complotsite Whatdoesitmean.com/Eutimes.net van Sorcha Faal, die de uitspraken van Hellyer heeft verdraaid en daarmee diens reputatie op het spel zet. Fars heeft het stuk naar eigen zeggen overgenomen omdat het persbureau zich ook wil richten op onderwerpen die worden genegeerd door de reguliere media, met name in het Westen.

Hellyer getuigde in 2013 in Washington, DC voor zes Amerikaanse oud-congresleden en mocht zijn opvattingen afgelopen december op televisie kracht bijzetten. Volgens de oud-minister bezoeken buitenaardsen onze planeet al duizenden jaren. Hij krijgt iedere week wel een aantal e-mails van mensen die zeggen aan boord te zijn geweest van ruimteschepen of zelfs zijn meegenomen naar een andere planeet.

Dit doet denken aan de uitspraken van de Japanse voormalige First Lady Miyuki Hatoyama, die enige jaren geleden aangaf met een driehoekige UFO naar de planeet Venus te zijn gereisd. “Het was een prachtige wereld en het was er heel groen,” zei ze.

Tijdens het tv-programma legde Hellyer uit dat er zo’n 80 soorten buitenaardsen zijn en dat sommige niet zijn te onderscheiden van mensen. Dit zijn onder andere de ‘Nordics Blondes’ of ‘tall whites’, en zij werken samen met de Amerikaanse luchtmacht in Nevada, aldus Hellyer.

Bron: Huffingtonpost.com

Gerelateerd:

• Niburu.nl reageert op kerstboodschap Edward Snowden
• Canadese oud-minister van Defensie: 'Buitenaardsen willen ons helpen'
• 4 buitenaardse rassen bezoeken onze planeet al duizenden jaren
• Documenten Snowden bevestigen buitenaards contact
• Buitenaardse beschaving: de Nordics

© Copyright (c) Niburu.nl

Felle vuurballen verschijnen aan de hemel

Er zijn op dit moment zeer bijzondere verschijningen in het luchtruim. Zijn het vuurballen of onbekende objecten?

In de afgelopen dagen zijn vuurballen gezien boven Saoedi-Arabië, diverse Amerikaanse staten, Australië, Duitsland en Groot-Brittannië.

Eind december waren honderden Amerikanen getuige van een overvliegende vuurbal boven Iowa. Een camera van een lokaal weerstation registreerde de vuurbal, die werd waargenomen in de staten Iowa, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri en Tennessee.

ISON

In oktober vorig jaar was IJsland in de ban van een lichtgevend object dat in een tuin van een stadje terechtkwam en vervolgens uitdoofde. Er zijn nog geen sporen aangetroffen van het object.

Komeet ISON raasde eind november vorig jaar langs de zon. In januari 2013 zag ruimtesonde Swift dat de kern van ISON iedere minuut meer dan 50.000 kilogram stof naar buiten spuwde.

Komeetonderzoeker Paul Wiegert van de University of Western Ontario zei dat de aarde rond 12 januari dit jaar een aantal dagen in aanraking zou kunnen komen met brokstukken van komeet ISON. Hij voegde toe dat de deeltjes te klein zouden zijn om te verbranden in de atmosfeer.

Fel licht

Er is op dit moment met name aandacht voor een vuurbal die dinsdagochtend is vastgelegd boven de stad Dillon in de Amerikaanse staat Montana.

Ruth Jackson reed vlak voor zonsopkomst met haar man en twee kleindochters door Dillon toen ze een fel licht in de lucht zag. Het gezelschap stopte langs de kant van de weg om foto’s te maken.

Het beeldmateriaal werd opgestuurd naar het Montana Space Grant Consortium. Directeur Angela Des Jardins reageerde: “Het eerste wat ik zag was iets wat door de lucht vloog en in brand leek te staan.”

“Het zijn in dit geval geen buitenaardsen en hoewel ik geen autoriteit ben op het gebied van meteoren, kunnen we in dit geval aannemen dat het geen meteoor is geweest,” ging ze verder.

Het onderzoeksinstituut krijgt geregeld foto’s toegestuurd van mensen, maar heeft zoiets nog nooit gezien, aldus Des Jardins.

Bron en beelden: Nbcmontana.com

Gerelateerd:

• Enorme vuurbal verlicht hemel boven concert in Argentinië (video)
• Man filmt vreemde explosie in de lucht
• Honderden melden vuurbal en supersone knal boven San Francisco
• Spectaculaire 'vuurbal' boven Groot-Brittannië (video)
• Verbaasde astronomen ontdekken vreemd soort ruimteobject

© Copyright (c) Niburu.nl

When The Past Becomes The Present!

Un article de Futura science.

http://www.futura-sciences.com/magazines/matiere/infos/actu/d/physique-antimatiere-cern-produit-premier-faisceau-antihydrogene-51781/#xtor=EPR-17-[QUOTIDIENNE]-20140123-[ACTU-Antimatiere-:-le-Cern-produit-le-premier-faisceau-d-antihydrogene]

Antimatière : le Cern produit le premier faisceau d'antihydrogène

Les chercheurs ont utilisé l'expérience Asacusa, au Cern, pour comparer la masse du proton et celle de l'antiproton sans découvrir de différence mesurable. Elle va servir à mesurer d'autres caractéristiques des atomes d'antihydrogène. Les chercheurs espèrent y trouver des traces d'une nouvelle physique au-delà du modèle standard. © Cern

L’antimatière n’a pas livré tous ses secrets. On ne comprend pas pourquoi l’univers observable apparaît très majoritairement constitué de matière alors que les lois du ","matchindex":"\u221e7ff63599d01102feeb8f70a535cec71c\u221e","matchcontent":"mod\u00e8le standard"}">modèle standard de la physique des particules, spectaculairement confirmées une fois de plus par la découverte du \nA une temp\u00e9rature proche du z\u00e9ro absolu, les bosons peuvent se trouver dans le m\u00eame \u00e9tat quantique, formant ainsi un gaz quantique parfait dans un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne appel\u00e9 condensation de Bose-Einstein.","url":"magazines\/matiere\/infos\/dico\/d\/physique-boson-3506\/","contentid":"3506","cropped":false,"imagetag":"","matchindex":"\u221ebec97d0a1cf22a33136917b729c82d35\u221e","matchcontent":"boson"}">boson de Brout-Englert-Higgs, prédisent qu’il devrait y avoir presque autant d’\nIl a...","url":"magazines\/matiere\/infos\/dico\/d\/physique-antimatiere-4998\/","contentid":"4998","cropped":true,"imagetag":"","matchindex":"\u221ef6108cf9bb7b81c7eedb36c8786615b5\u221e","matchcontent":"antimati\u00e8re"}">antimatière que de matière dans le cosmos. Il s’agit de l’énigme de l’antimatière cosmologique.

C’est pour tenter de percer ce mystère que les chercheurs du \nLe CERN est un laboratoire o\u00f9 les scientifiques viennent explorer les constituants de la...","url":"magazines\/matiere\/infos\/dico\/d\/physique-cern-4563\/","contentid":"4563","cropped":true,"imagetag":"","matchindex":"\u221e4a2f7fda7c5eebf5547b36628d690a7f\u221e","matchcontent":"Cern"}">Cern tentent depuis plus de 20 ans de faire des mesures précises sur des \nComposition:- un noyau de nucl\u00e9ons : protons et neutrons concentrant pratiquement toute la masse de l'atome,- des \u00e9lectrons minuscules, orbitant tr\u00e8s loin du...","url":"magazines\/matiere\/infos\/dico\/d\/chimie-atome-1990\/","contentid":"1990","cropped":true,"imagetag":"","matchindex":"\u221e007c36c1e7d26955d54d00863088d06b\u221e","matchcontent":"atomes"}">atomes d’antihydrogène et des antiprotons. En 1995, ils ont annoncé avoir produit pour la première fois au monde un atome d’antihydrogène et en 2010, ils ont révélé qu’ils étaient en mesure de les piéger. En effet, pour faire des mesures solides, il faut disposer d’un grand nombre de ces antiatomes. Or, comme toutes les particules d’antimatière, les \nCarl Anderson devant une exp\u00e9rience (Cr\u00e9dits : Universe-review).
\nLes positrons sont par exemple produits par la radioactivit\u00e9 b\u00eata +, et...","url":"magazines\/matiere\/infos\/dico\/d\/physique-positron-4992\/","contentid":"4992","cropped":true,"imagetag":"","matchindex":"\u221ee49c5339cf750bd5220a7753c82137ac\u221e","matchcontent":"positrons"}">positrons et les ","matchindex":"\u221e7ab3d7efd67871d911d77dc71e41c13f\u221e","matchcontent":"antiprotons"}">antiprotons de ces antiatomes se désintègrent en émettant des rayons gamma lorsqu’ils rencontrent leurs ","matchindex":"\u221ec352b3518be24765f37c9d2f195121a3\u221e","matchcontent":"antiparticules"}">antiparticules propres, respectivement les \nL'\u00e9lectron a une charge \u00e9lectrique n\u00e9gative de -1,6 10-19 C, qui est la charge \u00e9lectrique \u00e9l\u00e9mentaire (on dit donc que sa charge est -1 eV). Sa masse...","url":"magazines\/matiere\/infos\/dico\/d\/matiere-electron-68\/","contentid":"68","cropped":true,"imagetag":"","matchindex":"\u221ea8058f3aed01d0eaaa4073221c1f21f2\u221e","matchcontent":"\u00e9lectrons"}">électrons et les protons. Il a donc fallu mettre au point un dispositif pour les isoler des atomes de matière normale et les piéger. On les maintient dans ce piège à l'aide d'un \nH et B sont reli\u00e9s par la relation H=B\/μo dans le vide et par H=B\/μo - M dans un milieu d'aimantation M.
\nLa grandeur fondamentale est B, dont d\u00e9rive H qui d\u00e9crit le champ magn\u00e9tique dans les milieux.","url":"magazines\/matiere\/infos\/dico\/d\/matiere-champ-magnetique-3878\/","contentid":"3878","cropped":false,"imagetag":"","matchindex":"\u221eaec1adca8e06b5d2772d19a2301a386b\u221e","matchcontent":"champ magn\u00e9tique"}">champ magnétique. Ces atomes possèdent en effet un \nUnit\u00e9 : l'amp\u00e8re par m\u00e8tre carr\u00e9 (A\/m2).","url":"magazines\/matiere\/infos\/dico\/d\/matiere-moment-magnetique-3884\/","contentid":"3884","cropped":false,"imagetag":"","matchindex":"\u221ebee170602d7e8e8f02925d028872091b\u221e","matchcontent":"moment magn\u00e9tique"}">moment magnétique et se comportent donc comme de petits \nUn aimant poss\u00e8de un p\u00f4le nord et un p\u00f4le sud. Les p\u00f4les de m\u00eame nature se repoussent, ceux de natures diff\u00e9rentes s'attirent. Les aimants sont donc des dip\u00f4les...","url":"magazines\/matiere\/infos\/dico\/d\/matiere-aimant-3883\/","contentid":"3883","cropped":true,"imagetag":"","matchindex":"\u221ece74784717180bb1c26e9514aa66a5e4\u221e","matchcontent":"aimants"}">aimants.

L'antimatière et la symétrie CPT

Ce choix de l’atome d’antihydrogène pour percer les mystères de l’antimatière et tenter de trouver des traces d’une nouvelle physique n’est pas anodin. Il y a d’abord le fait que l’hydrogène constitue environ 75 % de la matière observable. Surtout, c’est l’un des systèmes physiques les plus simples et les mieux décrits théoriquement avec les protons et les électrons. Or, il existe un théorème très profond, issu des lois de symétrie, qui s’applique à toutes les théories quantiques relativistes des champs, donc au modèle standard : le théorème CPT.

Une présentation de l'expérience Asacusa en 2011, alors que l'on venait de l'utiliser pour mesurer la masse des antiprotons. © Cern, YouTube

Il a été prouvé d’abord par le prix Nobel de physique Julian Schwinger en 1951, puis de façon plus rigoureuse et complète en 1954 par Gerhart Lüders et \nIl \u00e9tait n\u00e9 en 1900 \u00e0 Vienne d\u2019un p\u00e8re m\u00e9decin et professeur...","url":"magazines\/matiere\/infos\/personnalites\/d\/physique-wolfgang-pauli-924\/","contentid":"924","cropped":true,"imagetag":"","matchindex":"\u221ec4565daeb5dd0da29ab433a3305442dc\u221e","matchcontent":"Wolfgang Pauli"}">Wolfgang Pauli. Selon ce théorème, le comportement d’un atome d’antihydrogène devrait être le même que celui d’un atome d’hydrogène. Il devrait tomber dans le champ de \nL'expression de la force vaut :
\n
\n* F : norme de la force de gravitation ;* G : constante gravitationnelle ; * m1 et m2 : masses des 2 corps consid\u00e9r\u00e9s ;* d : distance s\u00e9parant les 2 corps.","url":"magazines\/matiere\/infos\/dico\/d\/physique-gravitation-3573\/","contentid":"3573","cropped":false,"imagetag":"","matchindex":"\u221ed66710455ff80962abd85ea6d45d0b2e\u221e","matchcontent":"gravitation"}">gravitation de la \r\nStructure du globe...","url":"magazines\/terre\/infos\/dico\/d\/structure-terre-terre-4725\/","contentid":"4725","cropped":true,"imagetag":"","matchindex":"\u221ee1d67683b476af2ccb8f8ea7724c0949\u221e","matchcontent":"Terre"}">Terre de la même façon et il ne devrait pas être possible de découvrir des différences au niveau des \nPar exemple, un spectre acoustique repr\u00e9sente l'intensit\u00e9...","url":"magazines\/matiere\/infos\/dico\/d\/physique-spectre-1663\/","contentid":"1663","cropped":true,"imagetag":"","matchindex":"\u221e430ce9e645aa8785e937011af1867b63\u221e","matchcontent":"spectres"}">spectres d’émission et d’\nPHYSIOLOGIE P\u00e9n\u00e9tration d'une substance venant de l'ext\u00e9rieur dans un organisme vivant. Absorption intestinale : passage des substances nutritives de...","url":"magazines\/sante\/infos\/dico\/d\/medecine-absorption-2910\/","contentid":"2910","cropped":true,"imagetag":"","matchindex":"\u221e53290e10a3f261495736cee8dca339ed\u221e","matchcontent":"absorption"}">absorption des deux objets. Si tel n’était pas le cas, on pourrait peut-être comprendre pourquoi l’univers ne semble pas contenir d’antimatière, à part celle présente dans les rayons cosmiques et qui résulte, comme sur Terre, de collisions ou de désintégrations avec des particules de matière.

Les membres de l’expérience Atomic Spectroscopy And Collisions Using Slow Antiprotons (Asacusa) au Cern viennent de faire savoir qu’ils se préparaient à un nouveau bond dans la mesure précise des propriétés des atomes d’antihydrogène en annonçant, dans un article de Nature Communications, qu’ils avaient réussi pour la première fois au monde à produire un faisceau de tels atomes.

80 atomes d'antihydrogène en vol

Jusqu’à présent, les champs magnétiques qui permettaient de stocker un grand nombre d’atomes d’antihydrogène s’opposaient aussi à l’augmentation de la précision des mesures des niveaux d’énergies hyperfins de ces atomes. Pour contourner ce problème, il fallait pouvoir produire un faisceau d’atomes d’antihydrogène loin des gradients de champs magnétiques élevés de leur piège qui brouillaient les mesures spectroscopiques de ces niveaux. C’est chose faite avec la détection non ambiguë de 80 atomes d’antihydrogène à 2,7 mètres de leur lieu de production.

Il reste encore aux chercheurs à améliorer la qualité des faisceaux d’atomes d’antihydrogène qu’ils peuvent produire ainsi que leurs techniques de mesure sur ces objets. De nouvelles expériences sont prévues pour l’été 2014. Celles avec le LHC ne reprendront qu’en 2015.

Ibiza holiday jet in near miss with UFO over Reading

A Thomas Cook airliner flying holidaymakers home from Ibiza to Manchester   passes "within feet" of a UFO

The Telegraph has established the aircraft was an A320, with the registration G-KKAZ, which was made in 2003

Ibiza holiday jet in near miss with UFO over Reading – The Telegraph

Any pilot flying holidaymakers between Manchester and Ibiza must be prepared   for outlandish sights. 

Berwyn Mountains UFO Crash: 40 years on, it's still a mystery

Berwyn Mountains UFO Crash: 40 years on, it’s still a mystery – Daily Post North Wales

A UFO allegedly crashed into Berwyn Mountains in January, 1974

On January 23, 1974, people reported hearing a huge bang, felt earth tremors and saw a brilliant light in the sky above the Berwyn Mountains. Families in the villages of Llandderfel and Llandrillo were settling down to watch TV when an explosion was heard and the ground shook. It measured 3.5 on the Richter scale. As people ran from their homes fearing another tremor, they saw a blaze of light on the mountainside.

A nurse who believed an aircraft had crashed drove to the site and saw a pulsating orange and red glow on the hillside and other lights.

 Police converged on the area and emergency services were put on standby. Although searches were undertaken, officially nothing was found – leading to claims of a cover-up.

 In the four decades since there has been a huge debate as to what exactly happened that night, with TV documentaries made and books written on the subject.

 Some researchers have claimed a UFO crashed, with further claims “bodies” were retrieved and taken away by soldiers. Other theories suggest it was a meteor shower combined with an earthquake – the epicentre of which was at Bala Lake – and the misperception of poachers on the hillside carrying lamps.

 Over the years more information has surfaced which has added to the enigma. In 2008 the Daily Post acquired official documents showing how Gwynedd Police were bombarded with calls and eye witness accounts of the strange event, with some convinced they had seen a UFO. They gave a fascinating insight into what was going on that night.

Did aliens crash into Berwyn Mountains?

Gwynedd Police Constabulary Major Incident Log – explosion – 21.10pm PC receiving 999 calls of UFO.

A witness who saw an object on the hillside said in a statement: “Saw bright red light, like coal fire red. Large perfect circle. Like a big bonfire. Could see lights above and to the right and white lights moving to bottom. Light changed colour to yellowish white and back again.”

A message in a police log said: “There’s been a large explosion in the area and there is a large fire in the mountainside. I can see the fire where I am.”

Telex message to chief constable Gwynedd constabulary. 22.00pm approx 23/1/74: Saw bright green lights, object with tail – travelling west. Saw about Bangor direction – dropped down.

At approx 10pm on 23/1/74: Saw a circular light in the sky at an estimated height of 1,500 feet. This object exploded and pieces fell to the ground. Mr ...... estimates the pieces would have fallen into the sea between Rhyl and Liverpool.

 In 2010 key witness, retired nurse Pat Evans, insisted she saw something strange on the mountainside. At the time she said: “It (the object) couldn’t have got there any other way apart from being flown there, so it had to be a UFO of some sort. I’m talking about something that could only have got there by flying and landing.”

 Ms Evans, who was living in Llandderfel, near Bala, added: “We just saw this huge ball glowing and pulsating on the mountain. Some lights seemed to be scattered around it and I just wish we’d stayed to see what the end result was – whether it would just disappear or fly away.

 “We didn’t see anybody on the road even though there were various reports that we were told to go away by armed police and military etc, which was all totally untrue.

 “We’d heard an almighty bang and we live at the foot of the mountain. I thought it might have been a plane crash. Me being a nurse and my girls being in St John (Ambulance), I thought we could help.”

 She told how the object glowed orange, red and yellow and was “moon like, but without windows or doors”. Mrs Evans added: “I’ve never seen anything like it before or since. I have no idea what it was.”

 A document from the Maritime and Coastguard Agency revealed a military operation, codenamed Photoflash, was scheduled for that evening. It involved about 10 military aircraft and a series of powerful flashes across the North Wales coast and Liverpool Bay.

 The MCA letter said: “During the late afternoon and early evening of 23rd January 1974 there was an exercise from Jerby Range on the Isle of Man. The exercise was called ‘Photoflash’ and coastguards were advised to expect at least 10 aircraft taking part and at least 80 flashes around the Liverpool Bay area and the North Wales coastline.”

 There was no more information from official sources on that specific exercise and if it was connected to Berwyn. A spokesman at the RAF Museum Research Department suggested photoflash operations were used for training exercises to illuminate the ground below.

UFO researcher Russ Kellett

 "But the mystery still remains. Researcher Russ Kellett still believes the answer is out there: “I have been researching this for years and I am convinced there was more than one UFO involved that night,” he said. “All the evidence that we have uncovered over the years has consistently pointed that way.”

Dwarf planet Ceres may be home to alien life

                                    (Before It's News)

Scientists have detected water on Ceres, a dwarf planet residing in our solar system’s asteroid belt.

The Herschel Telescope detected water vapor spouting from Ceres. According to Michael Küppers of the European Space Agency, “This is the first clear-cut detection of water in the asteroid belt.”  The Weather Channel explains that scientists have suspected the presence of substantial water on Ceres for decades. Those suspicions haven’t been confirmed until now.

Researchers postulate that when Ceres moves closer to the sun, part of its icy surface is melted. And according to Popular Science, if all this ice were melted, “it would be more fresh water than is available on all of Earth.”

Marc Rayman of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory told Reuters, “One of the things that’s intriguing here is the possibility of there being liquid water as opposed to ice . . . Certainly all life that we know depends on water. And so this is part of the larger question of where can life exist.”  But Rayman says it is premature to declare Ceres a potential habitable environment for alien life. Rayman continued, “There’s a lot more than just water that’s required for life. And whether Ceres has those other ingredients – which include, for example, a source of energy and all of the nutrients that life requires, the rest of the chemistry – it’s too early to say.”

NASA’s space probe Dawn is scheduled to take a closer look the surface of Ceres in the spring of 2015.

The post Dwarf planet Ceres may be home to alien life appeared first on Openminds.tv.

Source: http://www.openminds.tv/dwarf-planet-ceres-may-home-alien-life/25833

Water Discovered on Dwarf Planet Ceres, May Erupt From Ice Volcanoes

IMCCE-Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/Y. Gominet, B. Carry

Astronomers have discovered direct evidence of water on the dwarf planet Ceres in the form of vapor plumes erupting into space, possibly from volcano-like ice geysers on its surface.

Using European Space Agency's Herschel Space Observatory, scientists detected water vapor escaping from two regions on Ceres, a dwarf planet that is also the largest asteroid in the solar system. The water is likely erupting from icy volcanoes or sublimation of ice into clouds of vapor.

"This is the first clear-cut detection of water on Ceres and in the asteroid belt in general," said Michael Küppers of the European Space Agency, Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain, leader of the study detailed today (Jan. 22) in the journal Nature.

The research has implications for how Ceres formed, and supports models that suggest the planets moved around a lot within the solar system during its formation, Küppers told SPACE.com. [See more photos of the dwarf planet Ceres]

Ceres, a dwarf planet or giant asteroid (depending on the definition used), is the largest object in the asteroid belt, orbiting at 2.8 astronomical units (the distance from Earth to the sun).

The "snowline" is thought to partition the solar system into dry objects inside the asteroid belt, and icy objects such as comets further out. But the finding of water on Ceres suggests more mixing has occurred.

Scientists have suspected that there is a substantial amount of water on Ceres for about 30 years. A study found hints of water in the form of hydroxide, a product of water's dissociation, on Ceres in 1991, but the finding wasn't confirmed by later observations. Now, Küppers and his colleagues have confirmed the finding.

The researchers used the Herschel Space Observatory's spectrometer to look for signals of water. Clouds of water vapor around Ceres absorbed the heat that radiates from the dwarf planet, which Herschel's instrument detected.

ESA/ATG medialab

An artist's depiction of the dwarf planet Ceres. Observations by ESA's Herschel space observatory between 2011 and 2013 find that the dwarf planet has a thin water vapor atmosphere.

The team found that Ceres produces about 2×10^26 molecules, or 13 lbs. (6 kilograms), of water vapor per second from its surface.

One possible source of the water is icy volcanism. "It is like volcanism in that hot material from the interior is 'spat out' to the surface," Küppers said — much like a geyser. But these icy volcanoes eject water vapor instead of molten rock, he said.

Another possibility is that ice near the surface of Ceres sublimes, or goes directly from a solid to a gas, dragging with it dust from the surface and exposing more ice. A similar process occurs on comets.

"I personally consider cometary-style sublimation the most likely source, because I find it difficult to maintain the internal heat over the age of the solar system to maintain volcanoes," Küppers said, but he added that more studies were needed.

NASA's Dawn spacecraft, set to go into orbit around Ceres in early 2015, could answer some questions about the water on Ceres. Dawn recently visited the asteroid Vesta, a baked world whose surface is covered with volcanic eruptions.

"One of the most puzzling questions about the origin and evolution of asteroids is why Vesta and Ceres are so different," astrophysicists Humberto Campins and Christine Comfort at the University of Central Florida in Orlando wrote in an article in the same issue of Nature.

Water vapor can transport a lot of heat, so when Ceres formed 4.6 billion years ago, sublimation of water ice might have dissipated much of its heat into space, Campins and Comfort wrote. "This would have stopped Ceres from ending up with an igneous surface like that of Vesta."

Detecting water on Ceres supports models of the solar system in which giant planets, such as Jupiter, migrated to their current positions, mixing material from the outer and inner regions of the solar system.

This mixing could have moved Ceres and Vesta far from the sites where they formed. Ceres probably formed close to its current position, but accreted material from further out, Küppers said.

The findings also suggest that asteroids may have delivered some of the water in Earth's oceans.

Follow Tanya Lewis on Twitter and Google+. Follow us @Spacedotcom, Facebook and Google+. Original article on SPACE.com.

• The 7 Strangest Asteroids in the Solar System
• Asteroid Basics: A Space Rock Quiz
• The Asteroid Belt Explained: Space Rocks by the Millions (Infographic)

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