One of the most famous UFO encounters is the story of Minnesota deputy sheriff Val Johnson, who in 1979 was chasing a UFO in his police car when it suddenly zoomed head-on into it, temporarily blinding Johnson, leaving him unconscious and his patrol car’s windshield cracked. Johnson’s eyes were permanently damaged, the car is in a museum, and the story has gone on to be a UFO legend, but it apparently never made it to Indiana, where two police officers chased some brightly lit UFOs into Kentucky. Were they unaware of Johnson’s story or just brave civil servants protecting the good folks of Evansville from an alien attack? And what do they have against Kentucky?

“What are those lights? What are those, man?”

In the video (watch it here) posted by the Evansville Police Department, Officer Trendon D’mechi asks his unnamed partner for his professional opinion on a line of flashing lights the spotted while out on patrol the night of February 1. According to the Evansville Courier & Press, the only source for the story besides the police department, the officers estimated that the lights were above the Indiana/Kentucky border and pursed them to the Ohio River which separates the states. However, the short trip to Marina Pointe was long enough for the lights to disappear.

“My partner and I definitely felt uneasy after seeing the lights. I was surprised that we didn’t receive (any) calls. Or if we did they weren’t dispatched, since there would be nothing we could do about them.”

While their car didn’t suffer any damage, nor did D’mechi and his partner, he told the Courier & Press they were shaken by the fact that they couldn’t identify the lights. Nor could Leslie Fella, director of marketing and air service for Evansville Regional Airport, when sent the video by the reporter.

“Oh wow, very interesting (and strange!) indeed! This is the first that I’ve heard or seen of it, and no, we aren’t aware of anything in the area. Although, unless commercial, we aren’t always made aware.”

Evansville Regional Airport is a fairly busy facility three miles north of Evansville, so its air traffic control should have picked up the lights if they were conventional aircraft. Do they not want to admit these were UFOs? Scott Air Force Base in Western Illinois said it had no exercises going on at that time and Kentucky’s Fort Campbell, 100 miles south, did not respond to the reporter’s request for information. Would the military admit their airspace had been breeched?

So, what did Officer D’mechi and his partner see and record? While he initially thought drones, anyone who has watched the news recently is aware of the SpaceX Starlink communications satellites which are frustrating astronomers and UFO watchers worldwide with their regular appearances in a line across the sky. However, those don’t blink like the ones the officers saw, which many commenters agreed are bigger than the Starlink satellites and moved faster too. Tic Tac UFOs like those spotted by US Navy pilots? Since those have been confirmed but not identified, the military might be wary about confirming them again. Leslie Fella from the Evansville Airport also says “drones,” but she’s not 100% sure.

Former deputy sheriff and UFO crasher Val Johnson claimed his life was affected by his encounter and he refused to ever look at the car again. Since he refused to take a lie detector test, no confirmation has ever been made. Will this encounter affect Officer D’mechi and his partner the same way? Will any other witnesses come forward? Will the military issue any further statements? What do the people of Kentucky think about Indiana cops now?

Another interesting one to add to the X-files.

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{  https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

Close Encounters of the Lone Star Kind

Oldest Pyramid on Earth is Hidden on Icy Antarctica

Ancient alien conspiracy theorists strongly believe that secret pyramids and concealed all around the Earth and think some may be covered on Antarctica. Alien theorists point to a pyramid-like structure near the Shackleton mountain range on the continent. When viewed on satellite imagery, the pyramid appears to have four steep sides, similar to Giza’s Great Pyramid.

This theory was featured on the TV series Ancient Aliens on the History Channel. Episode one of season 11 of the series explored the possibility that alien visitors or human civilisations left such pyramids.

David Childress, a conspiracy theory author, told Ancient Aliens there’s a possibility the Shackleton pyramid is the oldest on the world.

He said if this giant Antarctica pyramid is an artificial structure, it would probably be the oldest pyramid on Earth. In fact, it might be the pilot pyramid that all the other pyramids on the planet were designed to look like.

However, Dr. Michael Sala, author of Exopolitics Political Implications of the Extraterrestrial Presence, has a different theory. He said the pyramid is just one node in a worldwide network of power-generating pyramids strategically installed around Earth.

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{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

Legendary Giants of Peru whose skeletons were seen by the conquerors

In current times the idea of ​​the existence of lost civilizations of giant beings has spread widely among people, thanks mainly to the Internet. However, a few decades ago, this topic was unknown to the vast majority of people. Peru is one of the countries where these ancient stories have been documented by chroniclers or passed down from generation to generation, showing the “strangeness” that the colonizers witnessed hundreds of years ago.

There is a special area on our planet where there are especially many stories and legends about people of great stature. Also, these stories are not thousands of years old, but only a few hundred.

Stories about the Peruvian giants have been known since the 16th century, when the first Spanish conquerors arrived in this region.

One of the first reports of the Peruvian giants is the story of the conqueror Pedro Cieza de León , which is described in the folio Royal Comments of the Incas, Volume 1 , written by the Peruvian writer Inca Garcilaso de la Vega. Cieza de León apparently did not see the giants with his own eyes, but spoke to those who saw them.

In his report, he described that once people of great stature sailed on their large rafts from the reeds to the shore where the village of local natives was located. The town was located on the Santa Elena peninsula, which is now the territory of Ecuador.

The giants disembarked from the rafts on the peninsula and established their camp near the conquerors. Apparently, they decided to settle here for a long time, because they immediately began to dig deep wells to extract water from them.

Normal men reached their knees …

An excerpt from the ancient text narrates:

“Some of them were so tall that a normal-sized man would barely reach his knees. Their limbs were proportional to the body, but their huge heads with shoulder-length hair were monstrous. Their eyes were huge as saucers and their faces were beardless. Some of them were dressed in animal skins, but some were in their natural state (without clothing). Not a single woman was seen among them. When they set up camp, they began to dig deep wells to get water. They dug them in stony soil and then built strong stone pits. The water in them was excellent, it was always fresh and tasted good ”.

As soon as the giants established their camp, they immediately made a bloody raid on the village of the local natives. According to Cieza de León’s description, they stole everything they could grab and ate everything they could eat, including people!

It was a terrible sight when these huge people were hanging from the trees and the natives were fleeing from them, and they could hardly defend themselves. Then, on the site of the devastated village, the giants built their great huts and stayed here to fish and hunt in the local forests.

Despite this, Cieza de León himself believed this story to be completely true and described that he personally saw the huge stone wells built by the giants. He also writes that other conquerors saw the wells and the remains of huge houses that the local natives were unable to build.

In addition, Cieza de Leon writes about even more curious things. He writes that the conquerors found very large human bones in this area , as well as pieces of teeth that were large and heavy.

“In 1550, in the city of Lima, I heard that when His Excellency Don Antonio de Mendoza, the viceroy and governor of New Spain, was here, some bones of people were found that were huge and could belong to giants. I also heard that complete deposits of giant bones were found in an ancient tomb in or near Mexico City. Since many locals claim to have seen them first hand, we can assume that these giants really exist and may belong to only one race. “

Other proof of the existence of ancient Peruvian giants can be found in the records of Captain Juan Olmos, who in 1543 excavated ancient burials in the Trujillo Valley and supposedly discovered bones of people of great stature there.

Later, another giant skeleton was found in the province of Tucumán by the conqueror Agustín de Zárate and his people. In general, similar stories come from Spanish characters who visited Peru during the 16th century and continued to appear in the 17th century.

In 1620, the Jesuit priest and missionary Pablo José Arriaga in his manuscript ” The extirpation of idolatry in Peru ” wrote the following:

“They (the representatives of the Spanish inspectors) took us to the other side of the town, where there was a very large cave and the remains of giants lay in it. Among them were three giant bodies with deformed heads (elongated skulls) wrapped in ceremonial cloth. These giants were considered the ancestors of all these village people who worshiped them, even sacrifices were made in their honor. Then (the Spanish) burned all these bodies ”.

Cover of the Extirpation of idolatry in Peru of the Jesuit. Pablo Joseph de Arriaga (1620). In the 18th and 19th centuries, stories about Peruvian giants also appeared, but they became smaller and were already perceived as myths and legends, and not as something real.

{  https://mysteriousthing.com/ }

“Daddy, look at this”: 220-million-year-old dinosaur footprint discovered by four-year-old

So, uhm, what have you done lately?

Lily Wilder, aged 4, was walking with her father and per dog along a beach in south Wales, when she saw something unusual. It turned out to be a dinosaur footprint from the Triassic.

Although Lily doesn’t quite grasp exactly what she spotted yet, her keen eye is what found the footprint. She called to her dad who took photos and then posted them on a Facebook group, where he was directed to contact paleontologists. The incredibly well-preserved fossil is more than just a cool find: it can help researchers better understand how some dinosaurs walked around.

“It really is stunning preservation … You can see every detail of the muscles and where the joints are in the foot,” Cindy Howells, Amgueddfa Cymru National Museum of Wales paleontology curator, told NBC News. She called the footprint the “best specimen ever found” on the beach.

It’s not possible to tell exactly what species it was right now, but many things can be inferred about the dinosaur that left the footprint. It was probably about 75 cm tall, shorter than a horse but taller than a dog. The dinosaur would have walked on its two hind feet and hunted small animals, or maybe even insects.

“There are no fossilised bones from this 220 million-year-old dinosaur, but similar footprints in the USA are known to have been made by the dinosaur Coelophysis which does not occur in the UK,” reads a statement from the National Museum Cardiff, where the fossil will soon be hosted. “Many of the other footprints found at Bendricks Bay in the past have most likely not been from dinosaurs, but rather from some of the more crocodilian-type reptiles that also inhabited the area.” The museum also added that Lily will have her name listed as the one who discovered the footprint.

Dinosaurs first appeared some 230 million years ago, so this is one of the earliest ones to roam the Earth. It marks an important period, when dinosaurs were diversifying and exploring different ecological niches. They would have roamed across much of today’s Britain, but few fossils have ever been found in the area. As it enters the custody of the museum, it will be analyzed in greater detail by palaeontologists.

Meanwhile, Howell says that people should learn from this episode and try to spend more time in nature, especially in this very challenging pandemic period, when meeting with others can be so complicated. You never know what you may find, she says.

“Obviously, we don’t all have dinosaur footprints on our doorstep but there is a wealth of nature local to you if you take the time to really look close enough,” she says.

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{ https://www.zmescience.com/ }

The search for intelligent alien life began at a goat farm in Israel.

Astrophysicist Avi Loeb was sitting on a barn floor hunched over his laptop devising a scientific way to search for a civilization in outer space. An answer to that age-old question: Are we alone? An Israeli-Russian billionaire was ready to front him $100 million for the project – on the condition that Loeb could prepare a PowerPoint presentation ASAP.

But life, like the universe itself, works in mysterious ways. Loeb was on vacation, six-thousand miles from his office in Cambridge, at a goat farm. And, well, goat farms aren’t known for their great WiFi.

“It was 6 a.m. in the morning and I was sitting with my back against the wall looking at the newly born goats that were born just the day before, while contemplating the first trip to the nearest star. It was very surreal,” Loeb recalled during a recent Zoom call. “I’m sure that the owner of the goat farm never imagined that this would happen at that place.”

Courtesy of Houghton Mifflin Harcourt...

‘Extraterrestrial: The First Sign of Intelligent Life Beyond Earth’ by Avi Loeb

Loeb’s quixotic search for life beyond Earth is the subject of his new book, “Extraterrestrial: The First Sign of Intelligent Life Beyond Earth.” But lest you think the 59-year-old Loeb is some crackpot, tin foil hat on head, glancing up at the stars and spotting a UFO, you should know something about his bona fides. Avi Loeb just completed his third term as chair of Harvard’s astronomy department. The author of five books and 800 scientific papers, he was named in 2012 as one of the most influential people in space by Time Magazine.

For Loeb, looking for aliens is a matter of life or death. Sooner or later, he explained, Earth will no longer be habitable. Within a billion years, the sun will boil off all the oceans. At any point in time, an asteroid could smash into our planet, killing us like it did the dinosaurs. “If we’re not careful enough, we can have a self-inflicted wound today coming from our technologies. We have all our eggs in one basket right now. If there is a catastrophe here on Earth, then we lose everything that is precious to us."

Now imagine if we could find an intelligent life form somewhere else in the galaxy. Imagine if we could make contact, if we could say, “Hey, our planet is no longer habitable. Can we stay at your place?”

He is not alone in his beliefs. That PowerPoint he created at the goat farm? Crazy as it sounds, it did the trick. Yuri Milner, the Israeli-Russian billionaire, cut his $100 million check and launched the Breakthrough Listen Initiative. With Loeb at the helm, Nobel Prize winners and some of the smartest minds in Silicon Valley came on board. The project was unveiled to the world on July 20, 2015, the 46th anniversary of the Apollo 11 moon landing. “In an infinite universe, there must be other life,” Stephen Hawking announced at the press conference. “There is no bigger question. It is time to commit to finding the answer.”

A football field in the sky

Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

An artist’s rendering of Oumuamua, the first known interstellar object to pass through our solar system.

Avi Loeb is used to having epiphanies at Israeli farms. His grandparents fled Nazi Germany before the war and emigrated to the bucolic village of Beit Hanan. Loeb was born in the winter of 1962, and was raised in the agrarian ways of his parents. His mom was a baker and his dad was Israel’s leading pecan farmer.

After school each day, when Loeb was done collecting eggs from his flock of chickens, he would drive the family’s tractor to a quiet spot on the farm and read books. “I dreamed of thinking for a living,” he said.

He wanted to become a philosopher, but didn’t know if that was an actual vocation so he studied what he thought was the next best thing: science. He received a Ph.D. in theoretical physics from Hebrew University in Jerusalem – a school that his intellectual muse, Albert Einstein, helped establish in 1923. Loeb then followed Einstein’s path to the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton University. After spending five years there, he was eventually hired by Harvard University, where he started as an assistant professor and got tenure after only three years.

On the morning of October 19, 2017, just two years after Breakthrough Listen launched, Loeb’s research got an unexpected jolt. A powerful telescope at an observatory in Hawaii spotted something strange in the sky above. It was the size of a football field.

The scientists dubbed it Oumuamua, the Hawaiian word for ‘scout,’ and it’s believed to be the first interstellar object detected passing through our solar system.

Ask Loeb what he thinks the strange flying object was and he’ll tell you, in all earnestness, that it was an alien ship on a reconnaissance mission or a relic of a lost alien civilization. Indeed, he talks often about the burgeoning field of space archaeology, wondering if, in some way, he’s Indiana Jones in a lab coat.

His suppositions are not without controversy. Many scientists, even those who respect Loeb’s work in general, believe the Harvard professor is too quick to point to aliens. They think he’s an interstellar Paul Revere. “The aliens are coming! The aliens are coming!” Scientists from NASA and the European Space Agency say Oumuamua was likely just a comet. Chinese physicists believe it was a chunk that had broken off an asteroid or something that we had never seen before.

But that’s exactly the kind of thinking that gets under Loeb’s skin. “They are just saying, ‘You know what? We don’t understand this anomaly. It’s business as usual. Let’s forget about it.’ And that to me is just like a caveman witnessing a cell phone and saying, ‘You know, it’s a shiny rock that just looks like all the rocks I’ve played with until now.’”

Listening for aliens in the quietest place in America

Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

The Green Bank Telescope is 60% taller than the Statue of Liberty and is so massive the locals refer to the GBT by its other acronym — the ‘Great Big Thing.’

While Loeb waits for the world to become a better place, he remains steadfast, listening. But to listen for aliens, one needs complete silence. Loeb and his colleagues at the Breakthrough project have found the perfect location to conduct their experiments.

In a field, tucked away amidst the valleys of the Appalachian Mountains in a small town in rural West Virginia, is the Green Bank Observatory – home to one of the largest telescopes in the world. The work they are doing is so precise that the government has dubbed the area the United States National Radio Quiet Zone. WiFi routers and Bluetooth signals are prohibited. Cell service is non-existent. Try to use a microwave and a police officer may cite you.

The scientists are listening for Fast Radio Bursts, an astronomical pulse that would reveal the existence of intelligent life. Since they began paying attention in 2015, they have already collected about a million gigabytes of information. (That would be the equivalent of storing around 60,000 Nicholas Cage movies in HD.)

Loeb hopes his new book – written for a mainstream audience – will get more people interested in the need to find a new Earth, but there’s a part of him that’s still trying to convince his fellow astrophysicists of the legitimacy of searching for aliens. To that end, he has just completed a manuscript for “Life in the Cosmos,” an 870-page science textbook about the search for extraterrestrials to be published by Harvard University Press this summer.

“I want to convince my colleagues that this subject belongs and we have the tools to address it,” he said. He remembered something he was taught during his time as a paratrooper in the Israel Defense Forces. “Sometimes a soldier has to put his body on the barbed wire so that others can pass through. And I don’t care if I don’t get likes on Twitter. I’m willing to put my body on the barbed wire so that the next generation of younger scientists will be able to discuss this subject freely.”

’Let’s attract their attention by being better’

Courtesy of Avi Loeb

Dr. Avi Loeb delivering the keynote lecture at the 2019 New Scientist Live convention in London.

In the years since the Breakthrough Listen Initiative began, Loeb has done a yeoman’s job explaining why the quest to find extraterrestrials is critical to humanity’s survival. But if the shoe was on the other foot, would aliens want to find us? “I don’t think that we are particularly intelligent or worthy. We are not the smartest kid on the block,” he said. “And the reason I say that is because it’s highly unlikely that out of all the random processes, that the chemical soup that exists on Earth produced the best cake possible. I think that there might be other cakes on other planets that have similar conditions to Earth that taste better, that are more intelligent than we are.”

It’s at this point in the conversation that Loeb transforms into the man he always wanted to be: a philosopher. “I think what the universe is telling us again and again, and people ignore, is that we should be modest,” he said. “Aristotle was arguing that we are the center of the universe, there are spheres around us. And that was a beautiful model. It was very flattering to us. But it was wrong. We are not at the center of anything.”

In his new book, he points to Winston Churchill who, in 1939, was writing an essay about how exciting it would be to search for life beyond our solar system. But then Churchill was drafted to become prime minister and fight the Nazis. Loeb imagined an alternative scenario where, instead of wasting resources during WWII, the citizens of Earth followed Churchill’s advice to use those same tools and technologies to explore the sky for signatures of alien civilizations.

“Humanity, at least historically, wasted most of its resources on people fighting each other on borders, territories, on ethnicity,” Loeb said. “Racism in particular is a completely ridiculous idea – that people with different skin color would have different qualities? My bottom line is, when I read the morning newspaper, I don’t get the impression that we are particularly intelligent. So why should they visit us? Let’s get better. Let’s attract their attention by being better.”

{ https://forward.com/ }

The Mysterious Aboriginal Rock Art of the Wandjinas

One of the most intriguing and perplexing legends of the Australian Aboriginal people is that of the Wandjinas, the supreme spirit beings and creators of the land and people.  The land of the Wandjina is a vast area of about 200,000 square kilometres of lands, waters, sea and islands in the Kimberley region of north-western Australia with continuous culture dating back at least 60,000 years but probably much older. Here, traditional Aboriginal law and culture are still active and alive.

The Worora, Ngarinyin and Wunumbul people are the three Wandjina tribes – these tribal groups are the custodians of the oldest known figurative art which is scattered throughout the Kimberley.

Perhaps what is most interesting about their figurative art painted on rocks and in caves is the way in which they have represented the Wandjinas - white faces, devoid of a mouth, large black eyes, and a head surrounded by a halo or some type of helmet.

The ancient paintings have received all manner of interpretations from stylized representations of people or even owls, to ancient astronaut theories which suggest that extraterrestrial beings visited Earth tens of thousands of years ago and had direct contact with the inhabitants. Some believe that the extraterrestrials even played a direct role in creation, which is reflected not only in the Dreamtime stories of the Aboriginals but also the myths and legends of many ancient civilizations around the world. 

One could be forgiven for thinking that there is indeed a remarkable similarity between the Wandjinas and the stereotypical image of an extraterrestrial which we see time and again in art, movies and witness accounts. And many raise logical questions such as, why were the Wandjinas painted with white skin if it was representing another Aboriginal, all of whom had black skin? Why were the eyes always painted so disproportionate to the face and nose? And why were they all painted without a mouth?

But what is even more surprising is the oral account of the Wandjinas which has been passed from generation to generation as all of the Aboriginal Dreamtime stories have.

The story goes like this – the Wandjina were “sky-beings” or “spirits from the clouds” who came down from the Milky Way during Dreamtime and created the Earth and all its inhabitants. Then Wandjina looked upon the inhabitants and realised the enormity of the task and returned home to bring more Wandjinas. With the aid of the Dreamtime snake, the Wandjina descended and spent their Dreamtime creating, teaching and being Gods to the Aboriginals whom they created.  After some time, the Wandjinas disappeared. They descended into the earth and since then, have lived at the bottom of the water source associated with each of the paintings. There, they continually produce new ‘child-seeds’, which are regarded as the source of all human life.  Some Wandjina also returned to the sky, and can now be seen at night as lights moving high above the earth.

Aboriginal people, in the Kimberley also believe that even after they disappeared, the Wandjina continued to control everything that happened on the land and in the sky and sea.

Aboriginal Dreamtime stories, rock art and cave paintings have often been considered more myth then reality, like the stories we find in the teachings of modern day religions. However, recent archaeological discoveries have confirmed the reality of at least some of the Dreamtime stories. For example, those that spoke of huge mammals walking the Earth were once considered fantasy. But discoveries of animal fossils belonging to ‘mega fauna’ including giant mammals confirmed that these stories were accounts of real life events, passed down by generations over tens of thousands of years.

Interestingly and of course controversially, objects have been found on geographical sites which suggest the area had been inhabited as long ago as 174,000 B.C.  This contradicts the theory that Aboriginals had their routes in Africa and that inhabitants travelled from Africa to Australia about 60,000 years ago. Other researchers have suggested that Homo sapiens actually originated in Australia .

Today, the Aboriginal tribes of the Worora, Ngarinyin and Wunumbul still revere the Wandjina and only certain individuals are given permission to paint them. It is said that the Wandjina could punish those who broke the law with floods, lightening and cyclones and the paintings of the Wandjina are believed to possess these powers, therefore according to the Aboriginals they are always to be approached and treated respectfully.

{ https://www.ancient-origins.net/ }

It was in February 1975 that remote-viewer Ingo Swann was contacted, out of the blue, by what he personally described as a certain highly-placed figure in Washington, D.C. It was someone who guardedly advised Swann that he, Swann, would soon be receiving a telephone call from a “Mr. Axelrod.” Swann’s source quietly advised him that while he could not offer much at that time by way of a meaningful explanation, Swann should be keenly aware that the call would concern a matter of great urgency and importance. A somewhat concerned Swann waited…and waited…and waited. Finally, around four weeks later, a call arrived, and Swann was asked to make a cloak-and-dagger rendezvous, only mere hours later, at the National Museum of Natural History within the Smithsonian.

Despite the somewhat fraught, last-minute nature of the conversation, Swann unhesitatingly agreed, and quickly – albeit with a degree of concern and trepidation – made his careful way to the meeting-place, where he was greeted by a man who Swann said looked like a Marine. Although basic formalities were exchanged, Swann was hardly clear on what was afoot: he was driven by car to a second location, where nothing less than a helicopter was waiting to take him to a destination unknown. Such was the security and secrecy surrounding the journey Swann was blindfolded for the approximately thirty-minute flight. In other words, the experience was rapidly becoming one of near-007-like proportions.

On landing, Swann was taken to an elevator that descended for a significant period of time – perhaps into the bowels of some secret, underground installation, Swann thought, and probably with a high degree of logical justification. With the blindfold finally removed, Swann gathered his bearings, and was then introduced to the enigmatic Mr. Axelrod, who admitted this was not his real name, but suggested to Swann it was an identity that served the particular purposes of the meeting. Axelrod wasted no time and got straight to the point, asking Swann a great deal of questions about the nature of remote-viewing. Axelrod also made it clear that he wished to make use of Swann’s skills – on what was clearly a secret operation – for a significant sum of money. It truly was one of those offers that one cannot refuse. And Swann, most assuredly, did not refuse it.

Axelrod asked Swann, pointedly, what he knew about our Moon. Now, finally, the purpose of the strange meeting was becoming much clearer. Someone within officialdom was secretly looking to have the Moon remote-viewed – which is precisely what Swann went ahead and did. By Swann’s own admission, he was utterly floored by what he found: during an initial targeting, his mind focused in on sensational imagery of what looked to be a huge tower, similar in size to the Secretariat Building at the United Nations, but one that soared upwards from the Moon’s surface. This was no human-made structure, Swann was told: it was the work of nothing less than mysterious extraterrestrials. In follow-up remote-viewing sessions, Swann was able to perceive on the surface of the Moon a wealth of domed structures, advanced machinery, additional tall towers, large cross-like structures, curious tubular constructions across the landscape, and even evidence of what looked like extensive mining operations. Someone, or something, had secretly constructed nothing less than a Moon-base.

Intriguingly, Swann was also able to focus his mind on what appeared to be a group of people – that appeared very human – housed in some sort of enclosure on the Moon, that were busily burrowing into the side of a cliff. The only oddity: they were all utterly naked. Rather ominously, and very quickly, at that point Axelrod terminated the experiment, amid dark and disturbing allusions to the possibility that the Moon-based entities were possibly acutely aware they were being spied upon via the means of astral-travel. It was even implied that Swann’s very actions might now place him in grave danger, if the beings decided to turn the tables and pay him a visit of a deadly, cosmic kind – which, very fortunately for Swann, they did not.

Now, we come to the end of the story. In many respects, it’s more thought-provoking than the story of Swann. Axelrod inquired of Swann if he knew of a man named George Leonard. Swann replied that, no, he was not familiar with the name. It transpired that during that very same time-frame that the shadowy Axelrod was employing Swann to seek out the mysteries of the Moon, Leonard – an author – was hard at work, toiling on a manuscript titled Somebody Else is on the Moon. In 1977, Leonard’s manuscript appeared in book form, and, to a significant degree, focused its attention upon the very matter about which Axelrod was so deeply troubled: namely, unusual, intelligently-designed structures, or installations, on the Moon. Leonard’s publisher said:

“Few people noticed the secret codewords used by our astronauts to describe the moon. Until now, few knew about the strange moving lights they reported. George H. Leonard, former NASA scientist, fought through the official veil of secrecy and studied thousands of NASA photographs, spoke candidly with dozens of NASA officials, and listened to hours and hours of astronauts’ tapes. Here, Leonard presents the stunning and inescapable evidence discovered during his in-depth investigation: Immense mechanical rigs, some over a mile long, working the lunar surface. Strange geometric ground markings and symbols. Lunar constructions several times higher than anything built on Earth. Vehicles, tracks, towers, pipes, conduits, and conveyor belts running in and across moon craters. Somebody else is indeed on the Moon, and engaged in activities on a massive scale. Our space agencies, and many of the world’s top scientists, have known for years that there is intelligent life on the moon.”

The odd, near-Deep Throat-like meetings between Swann and Axelrod – on the nature of what was afoot on the Moon – continued until 1977, after which time they came to an abrupt end, with Swann, unsurprisingly, left scratching his head about the distinctly odd sequence of events. No doubt, Leonard was mystified, too.

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{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

Imagine, if you will, a huge network of strange, huge “tubes” positioned across certain portions of Mars’ vast landscape. Not only that, they just might have been the sophisticated creations of ancient Martians who used them as a means of perhaps planet-wide transport in the distant past. Sounds incredible? Well, yes, it is incredible. But does that make it true? That’s the big question that sorely requires answering. The controversy all began after certain photos of the curious structures were secured by NASA’s Mars Global Surveyor, which was launched in November 1996. The MGS obtained incredible images from all across the planet. Indeed, as NASA noted: “Mars Global Surveyor, launched in 1996, operated longer at Mars than any other spacecraft in history, and for more than four times as long as the prime mission originally planned. The spacecraft returned detailed information that has overhauled understanding about Mars. Major findings include dramatic evidence that water still flows in short bursts down hillside gullies, and identification of deposits of water-related minerals leading to selection of a Mars rover landing site.”

Are the mysterious tubes nothing more than the modern day equivalents of the non-existent canals that captivated both Lowell and Schiaparelli a long, long time ago? Was this really solid evidence, caught on camera by NASA, of incredible structures created by advanced Martians? Or, was a huge wave of embarrassment about to engulf those whose enthusiasm just might cause them to jump the gun? Those were the questions being asked approximately a century after Lowell’s 1895 book, Mars, began making big and controversial waves.  There’s no doubt that the tubes – largely translucent or transparent, but not exclusively – exist. And in large amounts. And, there’s no doubt whatsoever that the natures of the tubes require a definitive answer as to what they are. Theories include (a) the highly ironic idea that Lowell and Schiaparelli were, mostly, correct from the very beginning – that the tubes were used by Martians to divert precious and vital water supplies to areas of the planet that were running perilously low when Mars began to degrade, whether due to catastrophic environmental developments, or as a result of a planet-wide war; and (b) that the tubes were a means of transportation for the Martians themselves.

Jeffrey McCann, of The Research Abyss, said, somewhat echoing the theories of Percival Lowell: “A lot of people have seen these strange structures and have tried to speculate as to what they might be. Some would say these are huge water ducts funneling water from one area to another [italics mine], others are firm in thinking that these are some sort of natural geological anomaly only occurring on Mars.” As these words demonstrate, sometimes it’s hard to fully move on from old theories. Few people – if any – deny the undeniably odd appearance of the tubes: they look just like gigantic, ribbed earthworms. In fact, after what became famously known as the “glass tube photo” taken by the Mars Global Surveyor surfaced, Mars researcher Richard Hoagland highlighted the controversy at his website. It can be accurately said that Hoagland was the primary figure who brought the matter of the tubes to an eager and amazed audience.

Mars. the “Red Planet”

Ron Nicks, a geologist, recalled of one particular image sent back to Earth: “This remarkable ‘tube,’ roughly a mile in length and hundreds of feet wide, appears to cling to a desert canyon wall near the canyon’s bottom, and extend along its entire length. The feature has the appearance of being ‘translucent,’ of being supported at somewhat regular intervals by ‘ribs,’ and of being quite cylindrical – with a localized, internal structure at one point of considerably higher albedo (brightness). To define this feature in purely geological terms has been a considerable challenge.” These ribs, or arches – the latter may be better and more correct terminology – play a significant role in the theories and conclusions of those who doubt that the tubes are merely natural phenomena. On this issue, Richard Hoagland and Mike Bara – the authors of Dark Mission: The Secret History of NASA – said: “Critics in the past attempted to pass off similar arches as ‘sand dunes.’ To be sure, there are some superficial resemblances between these ‘arches’ (and similar structures near the base of some pyramids at Cydonia) and real sand dunes – but on any sort of close examination, the ‘sand dune’ argument quickly falls apart.””

As for what the photo actually shows us, Glen Hiemstra, A.K.A. “The Futurist”” echoed: “The land area seen in the full image is about 20 miles by 2 miles. The portion of the tube exposed, more clearly seen in the blown-up image, is about 1.5 miles long and perhaps 100 meters in diameter. It appears to be translucent, as though made of glass. It has circular markings, perhaps support structures, at regular intervals. The idea that it may be naturally occurring ice is apparently ruled out by the temperature at this region of Mars. So what is it?” That’s the question just about every devotee of Martian puzzles wants answering.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

The Earth’s Magnetosphere Might be Creating Water on the Moon

There’s no doubt that the Moon has water on its surface. Orbiters have spotted deposits of ice persisting in the perpetual shadows of polar craters. And recent research shows that water exists in sunlit parts of the Moon, too.

Over the years, scientists have presented evidence that the Moon’s water came from comets, from asteroids, from inside the Moon, and even from the Sun.

But now new research is pointing the finger directly at Earth as the source of some of the Moon’s water.

The new study is titled “Earth Wind as a Possible Exogenous Source of Lunar Surface Hydration.” The lead author is H.Z. Wang of Shandong University in China, and the paper is published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters. The research suggests that particles from Earth can seed the Moon with water.

That the Moon has water isn’t surprising. Astronomers have detected water in all kinds of places in space, though most of it is ice. The prevailing theory for that water is that it arrives on planets and moons as they form, perhaps delivered by asteroids or comets. But this paper presents evidence that some of the water on the Moon’s surface came from Earth’s wind.

It’s likely that the solar wind is responsible for some of the Moon’s surface water. The lunar regolith contains silicates, and protons in the solar wind are able to reduce the oxygen out of those silicates. That oxygen then readily combines with hydrogen to form water.

The problem with the Sun being the only source of lunar surface water is evaporation. Computer models predict that a large portion of it—up to 50%—should evaporate from high-latitude regions of the lunar surface during the full Moon. For three to five days each cycle the Moon is in Earth’s magnetosphere, meaning that water should disappear from the surface since Earth’s magnetosphere blocks the solar wind from reaching the Moon and replenishing the surface water during that period.

But that’s not what happens. Instead, according to data from India’s Chandrayaan-1 satellite’s Moon Mineralogy Mapper, the water doesn’t disappear during full Moons. The authors of the study say that an “Earth wind” is replenishing it.

The solar wind and the Earth wind are different. The solar wind is primarily plasma consisting of protons and electrons released from the Sun’s upper atmosphere. But the Earth wind is a flow of ions from the magnetosphere, as measured by the THEMIS-ARTEMIS mission.

Japan’s Kaguya mission detected hydrogen ions from Eath’s exosphere embedded in the soil. It also detected high concentrations of oxygen isotopes coming from Earth’s ozone layer and becoming embedded in the lunar surface. This points to the idea of a “water bridge” from the Earth to the Moon. This bridge is active during the days of the month when the Moon is inside Earth’s magnetosphere, and it replenishes water lost to evaporation.

Though these findings go a long way to help explain lunar surface water, they might have broader importance, too. If there’s a bridge between Earth and the Moon that creates water on the Moon, where else in the Solar System might this be happening?

The authors have proposed a mechanism for lunar water that coexists with the solar wind explanation. But it’s not confirmed yet. Future studies may provide further evidence that there’s a water bridge between the Earth and the Moon. China’s Chang’e 5 mission returned lunar samples to Earth back in December. Those samples could hold evidence for the water bridge idea.

If it turns out to be correct, astronomers will immediately begin to wonder (they probably already have) if a similar mechanism is at work elsewhere, maybe right here in our own Solar System.

This study also points out how much more we have to learn about the interactions between planets, their moons, and their stars. The evolution of water in our and other solar systems may depend on these interactions. This research effort could also help us understand the potential habitability of distant exoplanets.

More:

• Press Release: First evidence that water can be created on the lunar surface by Earth’s magnetosphere
• New Research: Earth Wind as a Possible Exogenous Source of Lunar Surface Hydration
• Universe Today: The Collision that Created the Moon Might Have Also Brought Water to the Early Earth

The post The Earth’s Magnetosphere Might be Creating Water on the Moon appeared first on Universe Today.

Source: 

• https://www.universetoday.com/149945/the-earths-magnetosphere-might-be-creating-water-on-the-moon/

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

Sky-watcher MoonMan while using a 6inch celestron telescope, was looking around the sinus iridum area on the moon when he spotted a bright sphere apparently emerging from a crater. 

The object is recognizable as a small bright sphere which appears from the 14 miles wide crater.

  

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

Amazing UFO video! Flying saucer making maneuvers near a plane

This amazing UFO sighting video of a flying saucer making maneuver near a plane was fist uploaded to Twitter but it was deleted soon after. It was sent to me by our reader. Allegedly it was filmed recently but the exact date and location is unknown at the moment.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

International scientists meet to discuss Element 115, claimed as key to anti-gravity decades ago

Moscovium, the heavy and radioactive Element 115, used to be referred to as Ununpentium years ago until 2016. There was no official name years ago after Russian scientists in Dubna created it for the first (recorded) time around 2004. Its official name comes from “Moscow.” But this element was mentioned long before this by a man named Bob Lazar in 1989. Lazar is the famous whistleblower who claims he worked at Area 51, and that the element was the fuel for alien spaceships acquired by the U.S. government.

When Lazar made the claims, the scientific community considered it absurd, but then the absurdity disappeared utterly later.

It took ten years for the discovery to be confirmed by two different labs, and it was by a team in Sweden in 2013. The researchers fired rare and expensive calcium atom isotopes at an unstable, radioactive element called americium in a large vacuum chamber. The result, a “million-dollar” atom that rapidly decayed, with a half-life of only 220 milliseconds. The effort was only possible because of international contributions.

“Making Moscovium has been a fantastic piece of international collaboration because although the experiments were done in Russia, they relied on having samples of americium, which were made in America,” explained Professor Sir Martyn Poliakoff at the University of Nottingham.

See more about the element below from Periodic Videos:

In 2014, Lazar appeared with investigative journalist, George Knapp to discuss the news about the ‘discovery’ of ununpentium. Although the atom appeared to be too unstable to be useful, he claimed that soon, a new isotope of the element would prove much more stable. He passed several polygraph tests to confirm the authenticity of his claims.

“They made just a few atoms. We’ll see what other isotopes they come up with. One of them, or more, will be stable, and it will have the exact properties that I said,” Lazar told Knapp.

In 2019, Bob Lazar and documentary filmmaker Jeremy Corbell appeared together on Larry King to discuss Element 115. They claim that not only is the “super heavy” element the key to space travel, but unfortunately, they fear it can be weaponized in the wrong hands.

“Element 115 is a super heavy element. It’s something we’ve only just recently synthesized. We only made four atoms of it. But the craft uses larger quantities of it, 23-gram little triangles of it,” said Lazar.

“It’s a unique element. When it’s exposed to radiation, it produces its own gravitational field – its own antigravitational field,” he clarified, “…and it’s what’s used to lift and propel the craft and create distortions around it.”

“It’s an amazing material, and it’s certainly nothing that appears here naturally,” he continued.

“And it can be weaponized, and that’s kind of the issue here,” interjected Corbell.

See the moment from Larry King earlier is 2019:

If Moscovium is indeed something to be feared, it’s interesting to note that today, a team of international scientists is meeting to discuss its potential future research. (As well as the potential of other new heavy elements made in a similar way) The TAN conference is part of a celebration for the 150th anniversary of the Periodic Table.

According to a news release on August 26, 2019, the professor who discovered Moscovium is present at the conference. Topics include discussing unresolved research, including “whether heavier elements can have longer lifetimes again.”

“Professor Yuri Oganessian is also on site. He is an element discoverer from Russia and currently the only living person an element is named after: element 118, Oganesson. He was head of the discovery team of Elements 114 to 118 (flerovium, moscovium, livermorium, tennessine and oganesson) at the Flerov Laboratory of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, JINR in Dubna, Russia.”

There are currently 118 elements listed in the periodic table. Only 92 of them occur naturally on Earth.

For more, watch the clip from Ancient Aliens Season 11, Episode 3 below:

More of the Larry King interview:

• Featured image: Screenshot via YouTube

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://www.ancient-code.com/ }

Radio waves snap a picture of Apollo 15 landing site picture all the way from Earth

This may be a game changer in astronomy.

 by Tibi Puiu

 

This might look like your typical space photo, but there’s more to it than meets the eye. This stunning image of the Apollo 15 landing site wasn’t taken by an optical instrument, such as a camera, but rather by a radar telescope that bounced radio waves off the surface of the moon.

In the image, we can see Hadley Rille, the meandering channel that runs across the middle. It was formed millions of years ago by collapsing lava tubes during a time when the moon was still volcanically active. The circular feature pictured is, you’ve guessed it, a crater known as Hadley C, measuring 6 kilometers (3.7 miles) in diameter.

What’s amazing about this photo is its astonishing resolution, which can resolve objects as small as 5 meters across from 384,000 kilometers (239,000 miles) away.

Because Earth has a thick atmosphere and an active weather system, it can be challenging to image things with a normal optical telescope. For this reason, scientists typically position their telescopes at high-altitude locations, perched on a mountain. A fine example is the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) telescope facility that sits on top of a 5,000m-high plateau in Chile.

But if you use radio waves, the interference is minimal. For the past two years, scientists at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) in the U.S. have been experimenting with radio imaging technology that can take astronomical snapshots from Earth. The fruit of their labor is the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) in West Virginia — the world’s largest fully steerable radio telescope.

Because Earth has a thick atmosphere and an active weather system, it can be challenging to image things with a normal optical telescope. For this reason, scientists typically position their telescopes at high-altitude locations, perched on a mountain. A fine example is the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) telescope facility that sits on top of a 5,000m-high plateau in Chile.

But if you use radio waves, the interference is minimal. For the past two years, scientists at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) in the U.S. have been experimenting with radio imaging technology that can take astronomical snapshots from Earth. The fruit of their labor is the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) in West Virginia — the world’s largest fully steerable radio telescope.

This telescope is fitted with a powerful transmitter that beamed radio waves onto the Apollo 15 landing site region. The reflected waves that bounced off the lunar surface were detected by NRAO’s continent-wide Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA). This pattern was decoded in order to construct a high-resolution image of the site — and the results speak for themselves.

What’s amazing is that we’re likely seeing just the tip of the iceberg of what this kind of technology can do. The researchers plan to scale up this proof-of-concept with a much more powerful transmitter that will allow them to image small objects passing by Earth or even as far into the solar system as Jupiter’s moons.

“The planned system will be a leap forward in radar science, allowing access to never before seen features of the Solar System from right here on Earth,” said Karen O’Neil, the Green Bank Observatory site director.

{  https://www.zmescience.com/ }

Soon, Non-Biological Intelligences Will Populate Our Planet

And we need to start preparing now.

{ https://futurism.com/ }

UFOs Are Are Real – But Secrecy Is The Real Threat

By Madhava Setty, MD

Ella Louise Fortune, who worked as a nurse at the Mescalero Indian Reservation near Three Rivers, New Mexico, took the picture you see above while driving along Highway 54 on October 16, 1957, near Holloman Air Force base

At this moment our media is caught up in a maelstrom of rapid fire reports concerning insider whistleblowers and looming impeachment proceedings. Just a few weeks ago the world wisely turned its attention to the rapid destruction of the Amazonian rainforest and its devastating consequences regarding life on this planet. Despite the sudden absence of coverage on this issue since, that problem has yet to be resolved. It is indicative of our nature to focus on what is new and not on what is truly important. Another astoundingly transformative topic made its way into mainstream media earlier this year but is receiving little attention now. After seven decades of relentless denial, the US military publicly acknowledged the existence of UFOs in our skies. When examined contextually, this casual admission may prove to be the biggest story in the history of humankind.

In May of this year (2019) the New York Times and CBS reported that the US Navy recently admitted that their pilots have been observing objects that defy our understanding of how things are supposed to fly. The actual incidents occurred in 2014 and 2015. Another confirmed encounter referenced in the story involved a squadron from the USS Nimitz, which occurred 10 years earlier. This is the “tic tac” sighting, where several pilots observed a small, elliptical “craft” moving in irregular paths at speeds exceeding what was thought possible. Last week, CNN again reports here that the Navy has “confirmed” that their pilots have encountered UFOs. Is that such an earth-shattering admission? They are objects. They fly. They cannot be identified. So what? The real question is, if the Navy doesn’t know what they are, then what are they? We as the public are left to speculate and fantasize as we await the next morsel of information from our trusted government and news sources.

Many people continue to regard this as a curiosity, a preliminary chapter in a story that will end with the admission of a computer glitch, faulty radar system or errant weather balloon. Those who have followed the history of UFO sightings undoubtedly will conclude that this is the first crack in a wall of military secrecy surrounding thousands of separate extraterrestrial spacecraft encounters that have occurred over more than seven decades. 

Is Proof Subjective?

The broad chasm between “believers” and “deniers” exists because the standards of proof on each side are not the same. On one extreme are those who require extraterrestrial beings to appear at town hall meetings before reconsidering their position. On the other are those who see a shaky video of amorphous lights appearing in the sky and then immediately conclude that E.T. is here. How then are we to assess the footage taken from the viewfinders of fighter pilots? If any more credence is given to this “evidence” it is only because of the credibility that we choose to bestow upon the source that has offered it. If we were to be purely objective, there isn’t anything more here beyond the stamp of validity of trusted institutions like the US Navy and mainstream media. How then are we to proceed?

In this day and age, any form of recorded visual evidence carries the possibility of misdirection. Even though billions of human beings have smart phones with sophisticated cameras at the ready, we must contend with the reality that photographs and video can easily be enhanced, modified or created from scratch to falsely “prove” that an extraterrestrial presence exists on our planet. If we cannot rely on videos and photographs, where then should we look for “proof”?

{ https://www.collective-evolution.com/ }

How to Tell a Fake UFO Video from the Real Thing

No News or Media Reports

So let’s say there’s a great UFO video and it’s got a specific date and location. But there’s a problem… there are no local news clips coinciding with that date and location.

Of course, many sightings might not warrant a news story. A small orb recorded along a desert highway may not ever get coverage, but we do know that big sightings over populated areas do get news coverage. The funny thing is, a lot of the fake UFO videos out there show spectacular craft flying over cities or neighborhoods, and yet there’s zero news coverage.

I know for sure that my local news would eat up something like that if it really happened. And before you go thinking that it’s a conspiracy that the news outlets don’t report it, keep in mind that some of today’s most reputable news sites have UFO and unexplained sections. The Lubbock Lights were in the news, so was The Battle of Los Angeles, and let’s not forget about that tiny incident in Roswell that sparked this entire thing off.

So when you see a video, especially something truly spectacular, and there’s no mention of news articles or MUFON reports? Don’t be afraid to disregard it. Remember, the last thing a hoaxer wants is for their fake videos to be thoroughly investigated.

No Independent Verification

In addition to news reports, good sightings and videos should have independent witnesses. Again, some sightings are solo and only seen by one person out somewhere alone, and you wouldn’t necessarily expect to find independent verification.

But in many fake UFO videos, you’ll see crafts that are so amazing and must have been seen by hundreds or thousands of people. Yet, no one has seen anything. They would have been recorded by hundreds of people on their phones. Yet there’s nothing.

So when you see a video where the person posting it seems to be the only one who witnessed the event, you should consider dismissing it.

Reactions on the Ground Don’t Make Sense

I’ve found lots of videos where there’s some type of spacecraft hovering overhead while people on the ground go about their business as if nothing’s happening. In reality, this is normally because nothing is happening. The craft is added via CGI after the video is shot.

When a large UFO is seen over a city, you’d expect to hear people screaming and maybe sirens as emergency personnel respond to vehicle crashes from people staring at alien invaders instead of watching where they’re going.

Heck, in most places a heavy rain is enough that you’d hear emergency response vehicles with sirens blaring within minutes due to weather-related accidents.

In many videos, this is an easy thing to check. And it’s a dead giveaway that the video has been faked.

The Camera Operator Ignores the Object

This one is a bit more subtle to notice. But once you see it, it’s game over. Take a look at the video below and notice that the camera operator doesn’t seem very concerned about the massive UFO in the sky. In fact, he doesn’t even make an attempt to keep the camera centered on the object.

If you watch the video and ignore the UFO, you’ll see that the camera-man was actually filming the storm. He slowly pans the camera from one side of the storm to the other.

It’s fairly clear that the video was taken and the hoaxers added the UFO in later. But it’s a great video! The quality is great, it looks real.

Guess what else? No sirens. That thing is massive and would be causing an all-out panic over this city if it were really there.

As a matter of fact, this video is a perfect example of lots of the keys to look for to determine that it’s a fake UFO video. There’s no specific date or location, which makes it impossible to research news articles or interview anyone in the city who would have seen it.

Even the camera-man is awfully calm considering what is supposedly there in the video. The clip itself is relatively short before it cuts away to replay with different video settings, but why cut away? The craft was still there right? The short cutaway is a hallmark of CGI because longer clips take a lot of processing power to render.

Final Thoughts on Fake UFO Videos

While fake UFO videos may be fun to watch, their existence dilutes an already rare phenomenon with piles and piles of garbage. UFO researchers frequently have their limited time eaten up by such hoaxes.

These videos serve as nothing more than click-bait to get you to read an article. Share them if you like, but understand that by doing so, you’re detracting from the greater reality of alien visitation and unidentified flying objects.

{ https://alienufoblog.com/ }

Female physicist invents new fusion rocket that could take the first humans to Mars 10 TIMES faster than space-proven thrusters

• A new fusion rocket concept could one day take humans to Mars

• It uses magnetic fields to shoot plasma particles out of the rocket

• Current space-proven fusion rockets use electric fields to propel the particles

• The new design lets scientists tailor  the amount of thrust for a mission

By STACY LIBERATORE FOR DAILYMAIL.COM

Dr. Fatima Ebrahimi, who works for the US Department of Energy's Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), has invented a new fusion rocket that could one day take humans to Mars.

The device uses magnetic fields to shoot plasma particles from the back of the rocket and propel the craft through space. 

Dr. Fatima Ebrahimi has invented a new fusion rocket that could one day take humans to Mars

Using magnetic fields allows scientists to tailor the amount of thrust for a particular mission and astronauts change the amount of thrust while piloting to distant worlds.

Ebrahimi's innovation would also take space faring heroes to the Red Planet 10 times faster than current rocket thrusters that use electric fields to propel the particles.

'I've been cooking this concept for a while,' said Ebrahimi.

'I had the idea in 2017 while sitting on a deck and thinking about the similarities between a car's exhaust and the high-velocity exhaust particles.'

'During its operation, this tokamak produces magnetic bubbles called plasmoids that move at around 20 kilometers per second, which seemed to me a lot like thrust.'

Fusion is the power that drives the sun and stars, and combines light elements in the form of plasma.

The device uses magnetic fields to shoot plasma particles from the back of the rocket and propel the craft through space. Pictured is the thruster concept that shows the plasma particles being pushed around by the magnetic reconnection 

Plasma is the hot, charged state of matter composed of free electrons and atomic nuclei that represents 99 percent of the visible universe - and is capable of generating massive amounts of energy.

Scientists have been working around the clock to replicate fusion in a lab with the hopes of harnessing its power to produce electricity for rockets traveling through deep space.

Current plasma thrusters that use electric fields to propel the particles can only produce low specific impulse, or speed.

But computer simulations performed on PPPL computers and the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office of Science User Facility at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, California, showed that the new plasma thruster concept can generate exhaust with velocities of hundreds of kilometers per second, 10 times faster than those of other thrusters.

That faster velocity at the beginning of a spacecraft's journey could bring the outer planets within reach of astronauts, Ebrahimi said.

'Long-distance travel takes months or years because the specific impulse of chemical rocket engines is very low, so the craft takes a while to get up to speed,' she said.

Using magnetic fields allows scientists to tailor the amount of thrust for a particular mission and astronauts change the amount of thrust while piloting to distant worlds. 

'But if we make thrusters based on magnetic reconnection, then we could conceivably complete long-distance missions in a shorter period of time.'

Although using fusion to power rockets is not a new concept, Ebrahimi's thruster differ from leading devices in three ways.

The first is that changing the strength of the magnetic fields can increase or decrease the amount of thrust, which will allow better maneuvering through the dark abyss that is space.

'By using more electromagnets and more magnetic fields, you can in effect turn a knob to fine-tune the velocity,' Ebrahimi said.

Second, the new thruster produces movement by ejecting both plasma particles and magnetic bubbles known as plasmoids.

The plasmoids add power to the propulsion and no other thruster concept incorporates them.

However, the last difference between Ebrahimi's concept and other ones is that hers uses magnetic fields to shoot particles of plasma out from the back of the rocket – space-proven devices using electric fields.

Using magnetic fields may be a game changer, as It allows scientists to tailor the amount of thrust for a particular mission.

'While other thrusters require heavy gas, made of atoms like xenon, in this concept you can use any type of gas you want,' Ebrahimi said. Scientists might prefer light gas in some cases because the smaller atoms can get moving more quickly.

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }