Ontdek de Fascinerende Wereld van UFO's en UAP's: Jouw Bron voor Onthullende Informatie!
Ben jij ook gefascineerd door het onbekende? Wil je meer weten over UFO's en UAP's, niet alleen in België, maar over de hele wereld? Dan ben je op de juiste plek!
België: Het Kloppend Hart van UFO-onderzoek
In België is BUFON (Belgisch UFO-Netwerk) dé autoriteit op het gebied van UFO-onderzoek. Voor betrouwbare en objectieve informatie over deze intrigerende fenomenen, bezoek je zeker onze Facebook-pagina en deze blog. Maar dat is nog niet alles! Ontdek ook het Belgisch UFO-meldpunt en Caelestia, twee organisaties die diepgaand onderzoek verrichten, al zijn ze soms kritisch of sceptisch.
Nederland: Een Schat aan Informatie
Voor onze Nederlandse buren is er de schitterende website www.ufowijzer.nl, beheerd door Paul Harmans. Deze site biedt een schat aan informatie en artikelen die je niet wilt missen!
Internationaal: MUFON - De Wereldwijde Autoriteit
Neem ook een kijkje bij MUFON (Mutual UFO Network Inc.), een gerenommeerde Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in de VS en wereldwijd. MUFON is toegewijd aan de wetenschappelijke en analytische studie van het UFO-fenomeen, en hun maandelijkse tijdschrift, The MUFON UFO-Journal, is een must-read voor elke UFO-enthousiasteling. Bezoek hun website op www.mufon.com voor meer informatie.
Samenwerking en Toekomstvisie
Sinds 1 februari 2020 is Pieter niet alleen ex-president van BUFON, maar ook de voormalige nationale directeur van MUFON in Vlaanderen en Nederland. Dit creëert een sterke samenwerking met de Franse MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP, wat ons in staat stelt om nog meer waardevolle inzichten te delen.
Let op: Nepprofielen en Nieuwe Groeperingen
Pas op voor een nieuwe groepering die zich ook BUFON noemt, maar geen enkele connectie heeft met onze gevestigde organisatie. Hoewel zij de naam geregistreerd hebben, kunnen ze het rijke verleden en de expertise van onze groep niet evenaren. We wensen hen veel succes, maar we blijven de autoriteit in UFO-onderzoek!
Blijf Op De Hoogte!
Wil jij de laatste nieuwtjes over UFO's, ruimtevaart, archeologie, en meer? Volg ons dan en duik samen met ons in de fascinerende wereld van het onbekende! Sluit je aan bij de gemeenschap van nieuwsgierige geesten die net als jij verlangen naar antwoorden en avonturen in de sterren!
Heb je vragen of wil je meer weten? Aarzel dan niet om contact met ons op te nemen! Samen ontrafelen we het mysterie van de lucht en daarbuiten.
Maandag 14 november 2022
18 Terrifying and Impressive Historic Weapons
18 Terrifying and Impressive Historic Weapons
There is no end to the multitude of close combatweapons, from swords to spears, scythes, pikes, maces, glaives, flails, partisans, and hundreds more. Often designed to inflict the greatest damage possible, historical combat weaponsare both terrifying and impressive.
Italian fauchard, c. 1525 AD. This is a weapon developed from an agricultural tool, the pruning hook, with which a farmer would lop off unwanted branches on his fruit tress. It was particularly popular in western European countries
16th Century Hunting Knife Combined with Wheellock Pistol. Wheellock pistols sometimes were combined with swords, knives, axes, maces, spears, and even crossbows, which could be used in the event the pistol misfired
Partisan Carried by the Bodyguard of Louis XIV (1638–1715). It bears the king’s motto and sunburst above the crowned arms of France and Navarre, which are encircled by the collars of the royal orders of the Holy Spirit and Saint Michael
An Italian glaive, c. 18th century. A glaive is a European polearm, consisting of a single-edged blade on the end of a pole. They were sometimes forged with a small hook on the reverse side to better catch riders
Indian Parrying Weapon (Madu), 18th–19th century. A parrying weapon is a handheld weapon used to block or defend, usually in conjunction with a single-handed sword.
Fauchard of the Bodyguard of Cardinal Scipione Borghese-Caffarelli (1576–1633). An example of advanced metallurgy involving bluing, gilding, engraving, and damascening, as well as encrustation with gold and silver. The blade is decorated similarly on both sides with a series of medallions and ornamental strapwork cartouches outlined in silver-encrusted dots and set against a blued background finely damascened with gold scrolls
French Partisan c. 1700. A partisan is a type of polearm that consisted of a spearhead mounted on a long shaft with protrusions on the sides which aided in blocking sword thrusts.
A Flemish Halberd, c. 17th century. A halberd is a two-handed pole weapon consisting of an axe blade topped with a spike mounted on a long shaft. It always has a hook or thorn on the back side of the axe blade for grappling mounted combatants
Large Meteoroid Strike on Mars Caused a Magnitude 4 Marsquake, Huge Crater on the Red Planet
Margaret Davis
(Photo : NASA/JPL-Caltech/University of Arizona)
Boulder-size blocks of water ice can be seen around the rim of an impact crater on Mars, as viewed by the High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE camera) aboard NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. The crater was formed Dec. 24, 2021, by a meteoroid strike in the Amazonis Planitia region.
On December 24, 2021, NASA's InSight lander on Mars felt the ground shake because of a marsquake equivalent to a magnitude 4 earthquake. According to NASA, they just recently determined that the cause of the quake was a large meteoroid impact on the Red Planet, the biggest seen since they began exploring space.
The meteoroid excavated boulder-sized chunks of ice buried closer to the Martian equator that has never been seen before. The discovery has implications for NASA's future plans of sending crewed missions to Mars.
(Photo : NASA/JPL-Caltech/University of Arizona) Boulder-size blocks of water ice can be seen around the rim of an impact crater on Mars, as viewed by the High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE camera) aboard NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. The crater was formed Dec. 24, 2021, by a meteoroid strike in the Amazonis Planitia region.
They determined the quake was caused by a meteoroid after looking at the before-and-after photos from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) and spotted a new crater. The event offers a new opportunity to study how a large impact shook the surface of Mars.
The meteoroid is estimated to have spanned 16 to 19 feet (5 to 12 meters), which is small enough that it would burn if it entered Earth's atmosphere. However, Mars has a thin atmosphere that it did not burn up the space rock upon entering and landed in a region called Amazonis Planitia that created a crater about 429 feet (150 meters) across and 70 feet (21 meters) deep.
The images and seismic data provide information about the impact that it is now considered to be one of the largest craters ever witnessed forming at any place in the Solar System. The space agency noted that there bigger craters on the Red Planet but they are older and predate any Mars mission.
InSight's Impact Science Working Group leader Ingrid Daubar of Brown University said in the press release that it is unprecedented to find a fresh impact as big as the crater.
Sadly, InSight has seen its power drastically decline in the past few months because of dust settling on its solar panels. Scientists estimate that the spacecraft now only have about six weeks before it completely shuts down, bringing the mission to an end.
InSight scientists reported having detected a major marsquake on December 24 last year, SciTech Daily reported. They first spotted the crater working at Malin Space Science Systems (MSSS) which operates the two cameras of MRO.
The Context Camera (CTX) produces the black and white images, while the Mars Color Imager (MARCI) provides the colored version so scientists could track the large-scale weather changes on Mars.
The crater was visible in MRCI data that allowed the scientists to pin down a 24-hour period when the meteoroid landed on the surface. It correlated with the seismic epicenter and demonstrated that the large meteoroid created a crater on December 24, 2021.
Establishing how fast the crater was created on the Martian surface is critical for refining the planet's geologic timeline. For example, older areas on both Moon and Mars have more craters compared to Earth because the process of erosion and plate tectonics moving on Earth erase older features from the surface.
Aside from the craters, MRO's High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) color camera also spotted large chunks of ice scattered from the impact site. Subsurface ice is a vital resource for astronauts who could use it for a variety of reasons, such as drinking water, agriculture, and rocket fuel.
“The image of the impact was unlike any I had seen before, with the massive crater, the exposed ice, and the dramatic blast zone preserved in the Martian dust,” said Liliya Posiolova, orbital science operations lead for the orbiter at Malin Space Science Systems in San Diego, in a statement.
The images captured by the orbiter, along with seismic data recorded by InSight, make the impact one of the largest craters in our solar system ever observed as it was created. Mars is littered with massive craters, but they’re much older than any mission to explore the red planet.
Fortunately, the storm didn’t pass over InSight directly — otherwise, the darkness of the storm would have ended the mission. But the weather event has kicked a lot of dust up into the atmosphere, and it has cut down the amount of sunlight reaching InSight’s solar panels, said Bruce Banerdt, InSight principal investigator at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.
The mission scientists estimate InSight will likely shut down in the next six weeks, ending a promising mission to unlock the interior of Mars.
Meteoroïde zorgt voor aardbeving op Mars en legt ondergronds ijs bloot
Een aardbeving die de Amerikaanse ruimtevaartorganisatie NASA vorig jaar op kerstavond detecteerde op Mars legde ondergronds ijs bloot op een unieke plaats. Een meteoroïde boorde zich in de rode planeet, met de grootste impact die NASA er ooit vaststelde sinds 1958.
De aardbeving met een kracht van 4 op de schaal van Richter werd veroorzaakt door een rots van 5 meter op 12 meter. Dat zorgde voor een krater met een diameter van 150 meter en een diepte van 21 meter. Dat meldt NASA in een persbericht.
Een opvallend gevolg is dat er grote brokken ijs zijn blootgelegd. Nooit eerder werd zo dicht bij de evenaar van de rode planeet ondergronds ijs ontdekt. Volgens NASA is dat interessant voor wanneer er astronauten gestuurd worden naar Mars. Het kan namelijk gebruikt worden om drinkwater van te maken, landbouw mee te doen en raketbrandstof mee te ontwikkelen.
(Photo : NASA/JPL-Caltech/University of Arizona) Boulder-size blocks of water ice can be seen around the rim of an impact crater on Mars, as viewed by the High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE camera) aboard NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. The crater was formed Dec. 24, 2021, by a meteoroid strike in the Amazonis Planitia region.
Wetenschappers ontdekken hoe en wanneer onze zon aan haar einde zal komen
Aan alles komt een einde, zelfs aan de zon. Wanneer en hoe dat precies zal gebeuren was lange tijd een raadsel. Maar nu denken wetenschappers te weten hoe de massieve ster aan haar einde zal komen. Een ding staat vast: wij zullen er niet meer zijn om het mee te maken.
De zon, de ster in ons zonnestelsel, ontstond zo’n 4,5 miljard jaar geleden uit een wolk stof en gas (waterstofnevel) die door het toedoen van de zwaartekracht begon in te storten. Naar verwachting zal het nog eens zo’n 5 miljard jaar duren voordat de zon stilaan transformeert in een supernova, het verschijnsel waarbij een ster op spectaculaire wijze explodeert. Vermoedelijk verandert de zon eerst in een rode reus: de kern van de ster zal krimpen en de buitenste lagen zullen uitzetten, de zon wordt dus groter en helderder. De explosie zelf zal naar voorspelling nog eens 5 miljard jaar op zich laten wachten. Kortom, over 10 miljard jaar loopt het verhaal van de zon op zijn einde.
Zodra de zon verandert in een rode reus is ze eigenlijk al stervende. Uiteindelijk, tijdens het laatste hoofdstuk van het verhaal, is het enige wat overblijft van de zon een witte dwerg. In zo'n witte dwerg vinden geen kernreacties meer plaats en de massa is erg klein geworden. Tot slot koelt de kern van zo'n witte dwerg af en verandert deze in een zwarte dwerg.
Uiteindelijk stoppen alle kernfusies in de ster en stoot deze materie af. Deze materie vormt een planetaire nevel rond de kern van de ster. Maar ook die nevel blijft niet voor altijd bestaan. Het gas waaruit de nevel bestaat, verdwijnt en het enige wat overblijft is de kern van de ster: een witte dwerg. Deze kern koelt steeds verder af en zal uiteindelijk veranderen in een zwarte dwerg, er wordt dan geen lichte of warmte meer uitgezonden.
De mensheid moet zich overigens geen zorgen maken. Ons einde is al veel sneller daar. Afgezien van de klimaatverandering en andere externe bedreigingen hebben mensen nog maar één miljard jaar te gaan. De zon neemt elke miljard jaar immers 10 procent in helderheid toe. Daardoor zullen oceanen verdampen en transformeert de aarde naar voorspelling in een gloeiendhete woestijn die onleefbaar is voor de mens.
NASA’s Voyager 2 took this global color mosaic of Neptune’s largest moon, Triton, in 1989.
(Credit: NASA/NASA-JPL/USGS)
Will Triton finally answer, ‘Are we alone?’
We recently examined how and why Saturn’s icy moon, Enceladus, could answer the longstanding question: Are we alone? With its interior ocean and geysers of water ice that shoot out tens of kilometers into space that allegedly contains the ingredients for life, this small moon could be a prime target for future astrobiology missions. But Enceladus isn’t the only location in our solar system with active geysers, as another small moon near the edge of the solar system shares similar characteristics, as well. This is Neptune’s largest moon, Triton, which has been visited only once by NASA’s Voyager 2 in 1989. But are Triton’s geysers the only characteristics that make it a good target for astrobiology and finding life beyond Earth?
“Triton may be an ‘ocean world’, a moon that has a solid ice crust over a liquid water subsurface ocean,” said Dr. Candice Hansen-Koharchek, who is a planetary scientist and was a Voyager Imaging Team Assistant Experiment Representative during the Voyager missions. “If that is the case, and if we are able someday to reach that ocean and find life, that would extend the habitable zone to the Kuiper Belt, not just the inner solar system. That has profound implications, both in our solar system and at exoplanets.”
Due to its geysers, which Voyager 2 identified as dark streaks, Triton is only the third known planetary body in the solar system to be volcanically active, aside from Earth and Jupiter’s innermost Galilean moon, Io. Unlike the geysers of Enceladus, which is believed to be caused through tidal heating, Triton’s geysers are the result of solar heating, where the dim sunlight that reaches the moon causes the frozen nitrogen on the surface to slowly melt and eventually erupt. The active geology also explains the lack of craters on its surface, as well, and it turns out that Triton holds another feature similar to Earth.
“Triton has a nitrogen atmosphere that freezes into polar caps seasonally,” said Dr. Hansen-Koharchek. “The Earth also has a mainly nitrogen atmosphere – can you imagine if our atmosphere froze onto the ground in the winter?! Although Triton’s atmosphere is thin, winds blow and scatter particulates across the surface.”
“Trident would have established the existence of a subsurface ocean – the first step in reconnaissance of an ocean world,” said Dr. Hansen-Koharchek. “Trident carried a near-infrared spectrometer, which would have allowed us for the first time to map the distribution of ices (N2, CH4, CO, CO2, and H2O) across its surface (Voyager did not carry a near-IR spectrometer so all we know about the composition is what we can glean from Earth).”
For now, Triton orbits Neptune near the edge of the solar system with its active geysers, nitrogen atmosphere, and possible interior ocean. When will we visit it again, and does this active moon harbor life as we know it due to its unique features?
And with this, we wonder if Triton will finally answer, “Are we alone?”
Why Discovering Advanced Alien Life Would Be Bad For Humanity
Oxford University’s Future of Humanity Institute has a researcher named Robin Hanson, who holds a doctorate in social science and a variety of other scientific and philosophical degrees. He worked as a research programmer at NASA and Lockheed.
0:00 – Introduction
5:04 – When will machines rule the world?
14:03 – Brain emulations & Westworld
32:40 – Are we in a simulation?
45:24 – The Great Filter
50:48 – Grabby Aliens
1:17:53 – Panspermia
1:23:20 – UFO’s
1:49:50 – Rot of world government
2:02:09 – Cryonics
2:16:24 – Individualism & the future of human civilization
TWO UFO's STARTING IN CALIFORNIA & ENDING IN GEORGIA?
Two UFO sightings, starting in California we have a bazar shaped UFO spotted. Next we have Golfer that was starting his game when he spots Two white UFOs that rise up on go in opposite directions.
Sourceof Videos MUFON and Terry's Theories
Mystic Secrets of the Great Pyramid | Ancient Aliens
Ancient Astronaut Theorists take a deep dive look at the profound connection between extraterrestrials and the Great Pyramid, see more in this clip from "Aliens and Unexplained Engineering."
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What's behind all this technology? | UFOs / UAPs and how tiny we all are in this universe
This is not a new phenomenon, there are records and descriptions of these types of objects flying in our skies from thousands of years ago. From our egoistic point of view, it might seem that we are the only ones capable of evolving up to this point, but there are many things at play, and there's no interest on behalf of the elite for this information to become public knowledge because it will suggest the obsolesce of our current economic system which is a disguise for the modern slavery.
Correction at 5:58 The estimated Diameter of the Milky Way galaxy is 105,700 lightyears its radius is about 52,000 lightyears.
UFO [Unidentified flying object]
UAP [Unidentified Aerial Phenomena]
It's been happening even before humans were here, here's one of the earliest detailed records https://bit.ly/3UtPb8W
What about Bob Lazar? it is my own opinion that he is telling the truth, in the documentary he was raided by the FBI, giving his story more strength, otherwise what else would the FBI be looking for? Not only that but many of the things Bob has been telling have been found to be true over time, his story has never changed in over 30 years.
The Solar System we live in is a perfectly balanced cosmic machine, and every planet in this gravitationally stable system plays a significant role in keeping things that way.
Think of the planets as being in balance with each other. Their orbits locked in an intricate, but delicate dance.
But what would happen if an interstellar object, such as an actual ‘shooting star’ were to cruise by our solar neighborhood and alter the orbit of just one planet?
Get ready to see what would happen to the Earth and the Solar System if a passing star changed the orbit of Neptune. Learn about the giant cosmic objects headed straight for our Solar System and the destruction they could cause!
Elon Musk and NASA's Discovery on Mars Could Change Everything
Elon Musk is no stranger to controversy. Whether it’s tweeting stuff that influences the stock market, getting baked on podcasts, or making the decision to name one of his ten kids X AE A-12 [pronounced X Ash A-12], the tech billionaire is as erratic as he is ambitions. With his fresh acquisition of Twitter, he seems as determined to colonize social media as he does Mars. During his first video call with Twitter employees in June – before Musk officially owned the company and was embroiled in a messy legal dispute – he reportedly began musing on alien life and extraterrestrial civilizations. He’s even jokingly called himself an alien trying to get back to his home planet.
But Musk’s SpaceX and NASA are working on a question that’s far from a joke: Is there, or was there, life on Mars?
Randall Carlson & Graham Hancock on Lost Technology and the Great Pyramids
12 INGENIOUS INVENTIONS YOU'VE NEVER SEEN BEFORE
Most Astonishing Pre-Flood Anomalies?
China's Secret Space Plane Project Revealed..
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Amazing daytime UFO footage of high speed objects – Canton, Ohio 10-Nov-2022
This daytime UFO sighting was filmed over Canton, a city in northeast Ohio on 10th November 2022.
Witness report:
I was on my patio and looked up because I heard a medic helicopter and saw what I initially thought was seagulls in what appeared to be the helicopters flight path. My girlfriend said “that’s not birds” which I also realized and began recording. Prior to the recording there were dozens of these objects flying but they just look like bright lights in front of the white clouds. As they moved in front of the blue sky they seemed to appear white/gray and were traveling at a high speed. Many of these objects seemed to vanish before I could record but I did catch some which can be seen in the video.
FBI raides homes of a famous Area 51 website owner!
Joerg Arnu, owner of Dreamlandresort.com
According to George Knapp, the chief Investigative Reporter for KLAS, the FBI raided Joerg Arnu’s home. He is the owner of a famous website that claimed to have uncovered information about Area 51.
The website claims to have uncovered information about Area 51, which is a secret US Air Force facility located in Nevada. It’s located near the town of Rachel.
The FBI reportedly came after Joerg Arnu, the owner of a website that claims to have uncovered information about Area 51, after serving a no-knock warrant on his home in Rachel. The website, which is called Dreamlandresort.com, is dedicated to covering all things Area 51.
According to George Knapp, a reporter for KLAS, the FBI seized various items from Arnu’s home, including his computers and phones. During the raid, the agents also reportedly held his girlfriend at gunpoint.
On his website, Arnu stated that he did not know why the FBI came after him, and he did not believe that the raid was related to the images posted online. He said that the authorities are still gathering information regarding the incident.
Only George Knapp has reported on this matter. According to Arnu’s website, Dreamlandresort.com, it has been providing the most comprehensive coverage of all things Area 51, including the Black Projects, the Nellis Ranges, and the ET Highway. The site’s 24-year history has been dedicated to providing readers with the latest intelligence regarding this facility. The website’s webmaster is a veteran of Area 51 research and is based in Rachel, Nevada.
George Knapp also hosts Coast to Coast AM
On November 5, Joerg Arnu, the operator of the Area 51 website, posted a message on his website, stating that he was aware of the FBI’s concerns about some of the content on his site. However, he did not believe that posting or collecting information about this facility was illegal.
Due to the situation, some of the content on his website has been removed. However, he did not provide further details regarding the reason for the removal of the content. He said that he was aware of the FBI’s concerns, and he did not want to make any further comment at this time.
In response, he posted another message on his website, stating that he had regained control of his website and assets. He also said that the FBI and the Air Force Office of Special Investigations (AF OSI) executed search warrants at his home in Rachel and in Las Vegas. Although he did not provide further details regarding the details of the incident, he said that it was very humiliating and tense for him and his girlfriend.
In addition to his computers, phones, and cameras, the FBI also seized various items from his home, including his drones and memory sticks. After the raid, he said that he was left in his home in Rachel without any means of communication. On the other hand, his home in Las Vegas was relatively unscathed.
According to him, each of his homes was visited by around 20 agents, and they were able to search his home and several vehicles. The incident was a spectacle for his neighbors in both Las Vegas and Rachel.
He said that he lost all of his personal data, including his medical records and tax records. He also noted that he was facing thousands of dollars in expenses due to the repairs and replacement of his various electronic equipment. He will be consulting an attorney on Tuesday regarding his next steps.
He maintained that he did not break the law. However, he noted that the aerial photos of various installations, including Area 51, were frequently found on his website. Because of this, he decided to take down the photos.
According to Arnu, his website had received over 27k hits on Thursday, and he believes that the raid was carried out to send a message to the residents of Area 51. He also noted that the authorities might go further with their investigation.
It is interesting to note that the FBI’s raid on his home occurred just a couple of weeks after NASA established a new team of scientists to study the mysterious phenomena known as UAP. The Pentagon also started a new agency to address the issue of anomalous flying objects.
Marco Rubio’s quest to expose the truth about UFOs
Senator Marc Rubio
As the number of UFO sightings increases, members of Congress have started looking into the matter. They believe that the government should investigate these reports seriously.
Several high-profile individuals, such as US Senator Marco Rubio, have also started speaking out about the increasing number of UFO sightings.
Due to the increasing number of UFO sightings, politicians in the US have started talking about the phenomenon more.
A year ago, the Pentagon released a report about 144 incidents of UAP sightings. The report noted that some of these were close calls for military pilots.
During the time that the report was released, Senator Marco Rubio was able to receive a sneak peek of it. According to the report, alien life is not necessarily a threat to the country, but UFOs pose a significant security concern.
In a statement, the Senator noted that the reports of encounters with unidentified flying objects have been coming from members of the US military.
Despite the negative stigma attached to the phenomenon, the government should still investigate these reports seriously.
The report, which was released by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, looked into 144 incidents involving what the government considers to be an unidentified aerial phenomenon.
Investigators were only able to explain one of the 144 incidents. The case was reportedly caused by airborne clutter.
The report also stated that there was no evidence suggesting that the sightings were related to extraterrestrial life or a technological advancement carried out by a foreign nation.
A senior official from the US government noted that there is no evidence suggesting that alien life exists in the 144 reported cases. However, the government will still look into these reports.
The increasing number of UFO sightings has raised concerns about the country’s vulnerability to foreign espionage. This is because the objects could be used by hostile forces to acquire information.
Due to the lack of information regarding the nature of the incidents, Senator Marco Rubio called for the government to take the situation seriously. Last year, he told CBS 60 Minutes that the government should allocate more resources to investigate these reports.
During his interview, Senator Marco Rubio said that the government should establish a process that will allow it to analyze the data collected regarding the incidents. He also suggested that a dedicated facility should be established to analyze the data.
The efforts of Senator Marco Rubio were rewarded recently after his amendment regarding the establishment of a dedicated facility for analyzing the data related to the UFO sightings was included in the National Defense Authorization Act of 2022.
The amendment provided that government employees would no longer be required to follow a strict process when reporting encounters with unidentified flying objects. In a statement, the Senator noted that the establishment of a dedicated facility for analyzing the data related to the UFO sightings would allow the government to get the necessary resources to investigate these reports.
The Senator noted that the amendment was also aimed at maintaining the transparency of the reports related to the incidents. It allows the government to continue unclassified reporting of these sightings.
The amendment was reportedly successful, as a classified report revealed that there were over 150 reported sightings of unidentified flying objects during the previous year.
During an interview with Fox News’ Tucker Carlson, Daily Mail reporter Josh Boswell claimed that many of the people who reported these incidents don’t know what they’re talking about.
According to Josh, many of the people who reported these incidents don’t know what they’re talking about due to the strange nature of the objects they saw. He also noted that the objects were moving in ways that they didn’t understand.
Reports about the incidents include footage taken by Reaper drones during a surveillance operation in the Middle East. They allegedly captured “orbs” flying around before suddenly bolting from the screen.
The classified report also noted that some of the incidents were reported as the work of Chinese intelligence. For instance, Chinese agents reportedly used drones to study the training of US military pilots.
Other theories have also been presented, such as weather balloons and radar systems that allegedly showed objects that didn’t exist. However, officials noted that other cases still remain unexplained.
This comes after a US congressman claimed that the upcoming report on the UFO sightings will be a whitewash. He also noted that the government is still incapable of handling the issue of alien visitors.
An expert noted that the UFO phenomenon could still gain political traction even after the next election in 2022.
Scientists Have Just Announced The San Andreas Fault Is About To Do Something Massive
The San Andreas Fault connects North American and Pacific tectonic plates and extends for 1200 Kilometers through California - but scientists have just announced that it's about to crack! If you're in California, this announcement from the Southern Californian Center will probably send a chill down your spine: the southern portion of the fault is "locked, loaded, and ready to go."
What new evidence have they discovered? And what does it mean for California residents? Join us as we tell you what massive thing the San Andreas fault is about to
Something Unusual Happened 2 Days Before The Dinosaurs Went Extinct
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Deep-Sea Gigantism. Why the Ocean Breeds Monsters
We often hear the news that the remains of giant deep-sea creatures were washed ashore after another storm again. Some of them are new even for scientists. And here's the most amazing thing: they all tend to live at depths ranging from one thousand meters. Where even the known species are the most enormous and terrifying monsters. But what other giants are concealed by the ocean? And why can underwater monsters rise to the surface?
9 Strange Deep Ocean Creatures Found by Japan's ROVs🇯🇵
Japan's coasts and nearby waters are home to some of the world's richest biodiversity. Decades of underwater research continue to yield fascinating remotely operated vehicle (ROV) encounters with deep ocean dwellers, often those that are particularly strange. These are nine of them.
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NASA’s Roman Space Telescope Selects 24 Flight-Quality Heat-Vision ‘Eyes’
NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope team recently flight-certified all 24 of the detectors the mission needs. When Roman launches in the mid-2020s, these devices will convert starlight into electrical signals, which will then be decoded into 300-megapixel images of large patches of the sky. These images will allow astronomers to explore a vast array of celestial objects and phenomena, bringing us closer to solving many pressing cosmic mysteries.
“As the telescope’s eyes, Roman’s detectors will enable all of the mission’s science,” said John Gygax, the focal plane system manager for the Roman Space Telescope at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. “Now, based on our testing results, our team can confirm these infrared detectors meet all the requirements for Roman’s purposes.”
Each detector has 16 million tiny pixels, providing the mission with exquisite image resolution. While 18 detectors will be incorporated into Roman’s camera, another six will be reserved as flight-qualified spares.
This photo shows 18 of Roman's detectors mounted in an engineering test unit of the mission's focal plane array. The focal plane array will be incorporated into Roman's Wide Field Instrument – a 300-megapixel camera that will capture enormous images of the cosmos.
Credits: NASA/Chris Gunn
“The heart of Roman’s detectors are millions of mercury-cadmium-telluride photodiodes, which are sensors that convert light into an electrical current – one for each pixel,” said Greg Mosby, a research astrophysicist at Goddard who is helping assess the performance of Roman’s detectors. “One of the reasons we chose this material is because by varying the amount of cadmium, we can tune the detector to have a specific cutoff wavelength. That allows us to focus more precisely on the wavelengths of light we’re trying to see.”
To make the detectors, technicians at Teledyne Imaging Sensors in Camarillo, California built up the photodiodes on the base of the detector layer by layer. Then, they secured the detector to a silicon electronics board that will help process the light signals using indium – a soft metal that has roughly the same consistency as chewing gum. The pixels were glued down using a tiny drop of indium for each one.
The drops were meticulously placed just 10 microns apart – about the width of a typical cotton fiber. If we scaled one of Roman’s detectors up to be as long as an Olympic-size swimming pool, the indium blobs would be less than half an inch apart. This precise alignment ensures that each of the sensors will operate independently.
“The Roman team has spent years identifying an optimal recipe for the mission’s detectors,” Mosby said. “It’s gratifying to see the team’s hard work pay off on this crucial technical aspect of the mission. We can’t wait to see how the images from these detectors transform our understanding of the universe.”
Greg Mosby holds one of Roman’s detectors (left) and an entire cell phone camera (right) for size comparison. The best modern cell phone cameras can provide around 12-megapixel images, while each of Roman’s detectors contains 16 megapixels. Since Roman’s camera contains 18 detectors, it will capture 300-megapixel panoramas. The mission will conduct sweeping cosmic surveys with the same sharp resolution that the Hubble Space Telescope provides.
Credits: NASA/Chris Gunn
Hubble’s wide-eyed cousin
Combining so many detectors and pixels gives Roman its wide field of view, enabling the mission to create infrared images that will be around 200 times larger than Hubble can provide while revealing the same level of rich detail. The spacecraft is expected to collect far more data than any other NASA astrophysics mission before it. Scientists had to develop new processes that will compress and digitize the mission’s downpour of data.
Goddard engineers also pioneered novel testing methods to ensure the detectors will meet the mission’s needs. Roman requires extremely sensitive detectors to see faint signals from far across the cosmos. But it isn’t easy to create detectors that meet the mission’s strict quality requirements.
The team knew that not all of the detectors would pass their stringent tests, so they ordered more than the mission requires and will use the best ones. But the extra detectors won’t go to waste – some are destined to serve as the eyes of other telescopes that have more lenient requirements, while others will be used for additional testing on the ground.
Staying cool
Roman will create enormous, high-resolution panoramas of the infrared universe, building on the Spitzer Space Telescope’s groundbreaking observations and complementing the James Webb Space Telescope. Viewing space in infrared light is like using heat-vision goggles, helping us spot things we wouldn’t be able to see otherwise. But doing so requires precise and extremely cold detectors.
The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope is a next-generation observatory that will survey the infrared universe from beyond the orbit of the Moon. The spacecraft's giant camera, the Wide Field Instrument (WFI), will be fundamental to this exploration. Watch this video to see a simplified version of how it works.
“Space is very dark, and everything gives off infrared light according to its temperature,” said Dominic Benford, the Roman program scientist at NASA Headquarters. “Roman’s telescope, camera, and detectors all have to be cooled so that they are darker than the universe they’ll be looking at.”
Since we can detect infrared light as heat, Roman’s detectors will have to be supercooled to a frigid -288 degrees Fahrenheit (-178 degrees Celsius). Otherwise heat from the spacecraft’s own components would saturate the detectors, effectively blinding the telescope. A radiator will redirect waste heat from the spacecraft components away from the detectors out into cold space, ensuring that Roman will be sensitive to faint signals from distant galaxies and other cosmic objects.
The combination of Roman’s fine resolution and enormous images has never been possible on a space-based telescope before and will make the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope an indispensable tool in the future.
The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope is managed at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, with participation by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Caltech/IPAC in Southern California, the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, and a science team comprising scientists from various research institutions. The primary industrial partners are Ball Aerospace and Technologies Corporation in Boulder, Colorado; L3Harris Technologies in Melbourne, Florida; and Teledyne Imaging Sensors in Camarillo, California.
Is Bacteria Hiding on Mars? Indestructible Microbe “Conan the Bacterium” Suggests There Is
Could there be living bacteria sheltered deep beneath the frozen and desiccated surface of the planet Mars? According to a team of experts, there very well could be.
Microbes might have been surviving undisturbed since the time dinosaurs walked the Earth, these scientists say, a conclusion they have drawn based on the results of a fascinating study recently published in the journal Astrobiology.
There is a type of bacteria that is so tough and hardy that it has been nicknamed “Conan the Bacterium.” Its real name is Deinococcus radiodurans , and this impenetrable microbe is resistant to extreme cold and heat, acid, dehydration, vacuum conditions, and radiation. In fact, it can withstand enormous doses of radiation without dying; it is this ability that was relevant to the newly published research. The authors of this study uncovered evidence that this hardiest of all microbial lifeforms could have survived on Mars if it had evolved there instead of here, despite the fact that Mars is continuously bombarded with toxic and deadly cosmic radiation .
Biologists who’ve studied the question believe microbes that evolved on Mars billions of years ago would bear a striking resemblance to those found on Earth today. So the discovery that Conan the Bacterium could have survived Mars-like conditions suggests that bacteria native to Mars might have developed the capacity to do the same.
Meet the Mighty Conan the Bacterium: Capable of Life on Mars
If life did evolve on Mars, it would have happened more than two billion years ago, when the planet had an atmosphere, milder temperatures, and liquid water flowing across the landscape.
To survive to the present day, Martian bacteria would have had to adapt to a totally frozen planet , where temperatures average -80 degrees Fahrenheit (-63 degrees Celsius) in the mid-latitudes. Even more destructive are the deadly ultraviolet light, gamma rays, and solar-generated, high-energy protons that inundate the Martian surface constantly.
Any flora or fauna that existed on the Martian surface in the far distant past would be long extinct. However, microbial life forms are extraordinary resilient and flexible. On Earth, there are bacteria that can survive some of the harshest conditions imaginable, and if microbes evolved on Mars, they might have shared that characteristic. But could they have survived Mars’ descent into its current radioactive state? This is the question the scientists involved in the new study wanted to address.
A sample of D. radiodurans, the bacteria that could possibly live on Mars, growing on a nutrient agar plate. The red color is due to carotenoid pigment.
Led by Michael Daly, a professor of pathology at Uniformed Services University (USU) of the Health Sciences in Maryland, the team of biological scientists selected several of the world’s toughest and most adaptable microbes and fungi to be subjected to conditions mimicking those that such life forms would encounter if they were transported to Mars. These “ extremophiles” are able to live in Earth environments that are completely inhospitable to all other organisms, surviving exposure to extreme heat or cold, toxic chemicals and gases, and other substances or conditions known to destroy living cells.
In carefully controlled laboratory conditions, all of these organisms were blasted with continuous heavy doses of ultraviolet light, gamma rays, and high-energy protons, to see how they could handle such exposure.
After this phase of the experiment was finished, the scientists took samples from the organisms to test for the presence of manganese antioxidants. This is a biochemical that forms in microbes after they’ve been exposed to radiation. Manganese antioxidant formation is a cellular defense mechanism, and the more of these protective molecules a microbe can synthesize, the more resistant it will be to the deleterious effects of intense radiation.Despite their durability and resiliency, most of the extremophiles used in the experiment did not produce nearly enough manganese antioxidants to survive a Martian-style radioactive onslaught. However, there was one that did: Conan the Bacterium (Deinococcus radiodurans to scientists).
This durable molecule was able to absorb 28,000 times the amount of radiation that would kill a human, and that protective capacity would be enough to make it viable on Mars, even as it is today.
To add further realism to the experiment, the bacteria was frozen and dried out, putting it in the suspended state it would have to enter if it were to stay alive on Mars.
Remarkably, the experiments on D. radiodurans showed that this indestructible microbe could have survived on Mars for as long as 280 million years, if it burrowed far enough underneath the surface—33 feet (10 meters) under the surface, to be precise—to limit its radiation exposure to a manageable dosage. If buried just four inches (10 centimeters) beneath the surface it could still survive for 1.5 million years, despite being regularly hit with massive amounts of cosmic radiation.
Even at a depth of 33 feet (10 meters), the radiation that hits Mars would penetrate far enough into the ground with enough intensity to kill other types of bacteria. But it seems D. radiodurans could withstand it in a state of suspended animation , and thus have the possibility of being reanimated if conditions were right.Obviously, the scientists are not proposing that Conan the Bacterium is somehow living on Mars. This is strictly an earth-bound organism. But if life ever did evolve on Mars, the experts believe the simplest microbial life forms would almost certainly share most of the characteristics displayed by microbial life forms on Earth. This would include the capacity to survive in exceptionally harsh conditions, assuming evolutionary pressures required it—as they would on Mars.
Will Future Missions to Mars Finally Find Proof of Life?
While it seems that Martian bacteria could have survived for a long time under the planet’s surface, there is some question as to whether they would have endured until the present day.
The last liquid water to exist on Mars dried up more than two billion years ago, meaning any bacteria that evolved there would have had to retreat underground that long ago. With no water to sustain them, they would have remained in a dried or desiccated state, and after 280 million years or so (based on the Deinococcus radiodurans example), they would have all presumably died.
But Michael Daly claims this wouldn’t necessarily push all ancient bacteria into extinction.
“Although Deinococcus radiodurans buried in the Martian subsurface could not survive dormant for the estimated 2 to 2.5 billion years since flowing water disappeared on Mars, such Martian environments are regularly altered and melted by meteorite impacts,” Michael Daly said in a Northwestern University press release (Northwestern personnel participated in the new study). “We suggest that periodic melting could allow intermittent repopulation and dispersal.”
If this theory is correct, impact craters less than 280 million years old would be most likely to have living bacteria buried in the ground underneath them. In older craters, too much time would have passed since the melting event for any bacteria spawned during the event to survive, no matter how far they retreated beneath the planet’s dry and frozen surface.
Fortunately, there are plenty of craters on Mars that are on the younger side of this deadline. Now that research has shown these could be prime locations to dig in the soil looking for microbes, future missions from NASA, the European Space Agency or the China’s National Space Administration may decide to target those locations for explorer landings. If they do, it may only be a matter of time before one of these organizations announces it has found proof that life exists on Mars, and that it is still there right now.
Top image: Representative image of astronaut examining rock for bacteria on Mars.
LUGUBERE VONDST HINT EROP DAT DIT ÉÉN VAN DE OUDSTE PLANETAIRE SYSTEMEN IN ONZE MELKWEG IS
Vivian Lammerse
In de atmosfeer van een stokoude, dode ster hebben astronomen de resten van aardachtige planeten ontdekt die lang voor onze planeet het levenslicht zag, al ten onder gingen.
Astronomen hebben de overblijfselen gevonden van een heuse slachtpartij in de ruimte. Het gaat om een zwakke witte dwergster, omringd door planetair puin. De onderzoekers vermoeden dat de ster en zijn planetaire brokstukken meer dan tien miljard jaar oud zijn. Daarmee is dit één van de oudste planetaire systemen die tot nu toe in de Melkweg is ontdekt.
Witte dwergster Als een ster ouder wordt, valt de waterstoffusie in de kern van de ster stil en zwelt deze op. Dan ontstaat een rode reus. Wanneer de ster vervolgens zijn buitenste lagen gas en stof wegblaast, trekt de kern samen en blijft een witte dwerg over. De ster is aan het einde van zijn leven gekomen. De meeste sterren in het heelal, inclusief onze zon, zullen op een dag in een witte dwerg veranderen. Dit is zoals je je kunt voorstellen een vijandig proces, die grote invloed heeft op de planeten die rond zo’n ster cirkelen. De meeste planeten zullen naar de ster toegetrokken en opgeslokt worden.
Studie In de nieuwe studie namen onderzoekers twee ongewone witte dwergen onder de loep. “Omdat 97 procent van de sterren uiteindelijk in een witte dwerg zal veranderen – en dit type ster dus alomtegenwoordig in het universum is -, is het heel belangrijk om er meer over te leren,” legt onderzoeker Abbigail Elms uit. De ene vreemde witte dwerg die de onderzoekers bestudeerden, blijkt opvallend blauw gekleurd, terwijl de ander de zwakste en de roodste is die tot nu toe in onze kosmische achtertuin is gevonden. Beide sterren blijken vervuild door planetair puin. Met behulp van spectroscopische en fotometrische gegevens, verzameld door krachtige telescopen, slaagden de onderzoekers erin de leeftijd van de witte dwergen te achterhalen. De ‘rode’ ster, die zich op 90 lichtjaar afstand bevindt, blijkt maar liefst 10,7 miljard jaar oud. Ongeveer 10,2 miljard jaar geleden veranderde hij in een witte dwerg. De ‘blauwe’ ster is slechts ietsje jonger.
Rode ster Verdere analyse wijst uit dat de rode ster onder andere de alkalimetalen natrium, lithium en kalium herbergt. Dit maakt de stokoude ster de oudste met metaal vervuilde witte dwerg die tot nu toe is ontdekt. Daarnaast vermoeden de onderzoekers dat de planeten die eens rond deze ster cirkelden, zich bijzonder lang staande hebben weten te houden. Mogelijk werden de planeten pas laat in het transformatieproces van de ster vernietigd. De onderzoekers concluderen dat dit één van de oudste planetenstelsels is die ooit in onze Melkweg is ontdekt.
Blauwe ster Ook de blauwe ster werd vergezeld door planeten. Deze ster blijkt na analyse vervuild te zijn met planetair puin dat een vergelijkbare samenstelling heeft als de continentale korst van de aarde. Het team concludeert dat de blauwe kleur van de ster mogelijk wordt veroorzaakt door zijn ongebruikelijke atmosfeer, die bestaat uit een mix van helium en waterstof.
Niet uniek De vondst van deze met metaal vervuilde sterren laat zien dat de aarde niet uniek is: er bestaan andere planetenstelsels met planetaire hemellichamen die vergelijkbaar zijn met de aarde. “In deze studie hebben we oude, stellaire overblijfselen in de Melkweg gevonden die de resten van aardachtige planeten bevatten,” zegt Elms. “Het is verbazingwekkend om te bedenken dat dit zo’n tien miljard jaar geleden plaatsvond. Die planeten gingen vervolgens al ten onder lang voordat onze aarde het levenslicht zag.”
Mysterie Astronomen kunnen door middel van analyse van de spectra van een ster bepalen hoe overvloedig bepaalde metalen in het oorspronkelijke planetaire lichaam aanwezig waren. Door die hoeveelheden vervolgens te vergelijken met planeten uit ons eigen zonnestelsel, kunnen wetenschappers een beeld schetsen van hoe die planeten eruit hebben gezien – voordat de ster stierf en in een witte dwerg veranderde. Maar in het geval van de rode ster blijkt dit bijzonder uitdagend. “De rode ster is een mysterie,” zegt Elms. “Het opgehoopte planetaire puin is rijk aan lithium en kalium en anders dan alles wat we in ons eigen zonnestelsel kennen. Het maakt ‘m tegelijkertijd een erg interessante en zeldzame witte dwerg, mede door zijn ultra-koele oppervlaktetemperatuur, zijn ouderdom en het feit dat hij magnetisch is.”
Hoewel de sterren nieuw inzicht verschaffen in witte dwergen, roepen ze ook weer nieuwe vragen op. “Toen deze oude sterren meer dan 10 miljard jaar geleden werden gevormd, was het universum een stuk minder metaalrijk dan nu,” zegt onderzoeker Pier-Emmanuel Tremblay. “Dat komt omdat metalen in geëvolueerde sterren en door gigantische stellaire explosies ontstaan. De twee bestudeerde witte dwergen bieden dan ook een opwindend venster om de vorming van planeten in een metaalarme en gasrijke omgeving te onderzoeken — een omgeving die sterk verschilt van de omstandigheden die heersten toen ons eigen zonnestelsel werd gevormd.”
Ancient Egyptian Worker Took Sick Leave to Embalm his Mother
The British Museum houses a tablet which provides a peek into work-life balance in ancient Egypt. It documents the number of sick days and why 40 workers took time off from their workplace in 1250 BC. All sorts of fascinating reasons have been given for why people were away from their work, including a note about someone named Buqentuf, who needed time off for embalmingand wrapping the corpse of his dead mother.
The limestone tablet was found at Deir el-Medina (Thebes). It has New Egyptian hieratic script on it, with the text written in red and black ink. The writing covers both sides of the tablet, and the days of workers’ absence are marked by season and number, such as “month 4 of Winter, day 24.” This is useful information for researchers who want to know more about the administrative side of life in Egypt. For others, there’s the human-interest angle. They want to know why people were absent from work.
A limestone ostracon from ancient Egypt listing workers and their reasons for being absent from work on certain dates .
Like Buqentuf, several other workers also had to take time off to embalm and wrap their dead relatives. As we see today, family obligations and illness were the most common reasons why people had to take sick leave. Some workers, such as a man named Pennub, missed work because their mothers were ill. Others had causes that we wouldn’t expect to hear as often today, such as men who stayed home to help around the house due to a “wife or daughter bleeding” - a reference to menstruation.
Of course, people had to deal with their own health and manage their illnesses as well. For example, someone called Huynefer was frequently “suffering with his eye” and the scribe noted that a man named Seba couldn’t work after being bitten by a scorpion.
A person named Aapehti was said to have been ill on a regular basis and also took time off when he was “making offerings to god” – perhaps to improve his health? Illness was the most frequently recorded reason for sick leave, it appears over a hundred times on the tablet.
Workers also took days off when they had to perform tasks for their superiors – which was apparently permitted in moderate amounts. For example, Amenmose was allowed time away from work when he was “fetching stones for the scribe.”
Finally, there’s another reason people often had to excuse themselves from work - brewing beer. While this may sound like nothing more than a strange excuse for people to go out drinking, beer was an important beverage in ancient Egypt. It was a fortifying drink for people to consume daily and it was associated with some of their gods and rituals!
Top Image: Ancient Egyptian mummy photographed at the archaeological museum of Florence.
Divers Have Found a Piece of the Space Shuttle Challenger Off the Coast of Florida
Nearly 37 years ago the world watched in stunned horror as an explosion destroyed the space shuttle Challenger. The accident occurred 73 seconds after liftoff and killed seven astronauts. Memories of shuttle pieces falling into the sea remain with everyone who witnessed the catastrophe.
In the aftermath, NASA searched for pieces of the shuttle. The agency recovered a great deal of wreckage in the years right after the event. Recently a film crew working on a show for the History Channel discovered a 20-foot-long piece of Challenger on the ocean floor. It was a stunning find and totally unexpected.
Divers working on a documentary uncovered a section of the space shuttle Challenger. Courtesy The HISTORY Channel.
The team’s actual goal was to find remnants of ships lost in the Bermuda Triangle. That region actually lies well southeast of the Space Coast. It’s the first major find of wreckage from the disaster in more than 25 years. Underwater explorer and marine biologist Mike Barnette, who led the team, said the crew recognized they had something unique very quickly.
“The significance of this large section of Challenger’s structure was readily apparent,” he said. “We recognized the necessity of bringing this find to the immediate attention of NASA. The site, which is outside of the Bermuda Triangle off the Florida coast, marks the loss of seven brave astronauts—fellow explorers—and the Challenger disaster was a tragic setback for America’s space program. But from this horrific event, important lessons were learned that have ultimately led to remarkable advances in space exploration.”
NASA Steps In
The team immediately alerted NASA and shared the footage shot by the divers. Agency leaders viewed it and readily agreed that the debris looks very much like a piece of Challenger. NASA administrator Bill Nelson confirmed the find in a public statement.
“While it has been nearly 37 years since seven daring and brave explorers lost their lives aboard Challenger, this tragedy will forever be seared in the collective memory of our country. For millions around the globe, myself included, January 28, 1986, still feels like yesterday,” he said. “This discovery gives us an opportunity to pause once again, to uplift the legacies of the seven pioneers we lost, and to reflect on how this tragedy changed us. At NASA, the core value of safety is – and must forever remain – our top priority, especially as our missions explore more of the cosmos than ever before.”
Space shuttle artifacts such as this one are the property of the U.S. government. The rest of the shuttle is memorialized and ensiloed at Launch Complex 31 at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. One piece is on display at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex nearby and lost crews are memorialized there. NASA will work with the families of the astronauts as it decides how to handle the newly found artifact.
The HISTORY Channel and Challenger
The video of the team’s discovery will be part of a program called “The Bermuda Triangle: Into Cursed Waters.” It will air on November 22 as part of a narrative about wreck sites off the coast of Florida.
“The historic and emotional discovery of this Challenger artifact by our incredible team reinforces the HISTORY Channel’s mission to preserve important sites and stories from our national heritage,” said Eli Lehrer, the network’s executive vice president and head of programming. “While the remarkable discovery of wreckage from Challenger was not part of our diving team’s initial mission exploring the Bermuda Triangle, the find’s historical significance cannot be understated.”
Phil Schneider gave a lecture about what he had discovered, seven months later, he was killed
In 1995, Phil Schneider gave a lecture about what he had discovered, and seven months later, he was tortured and killed by people he had previously worked with. His final act should not be unnoticed.
Voyager's Terrifying New Discovery SHOCKS The Entire Space Industry!
"A mystery like this is sort of par for the course at this stage of the Voyager mission," said Suzanne Dodd, project manager for Voyager 1 and 2 at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in a statement. The classic 1979 sci-fi horror film "Alien" was advertised with the memorable tagline, "In space no can hear you scream." But, it did not say anything about humming. Instruments aboard NASA's Voyager 1 spacecraft, which ten years ago exited our solar system's outer reaches, have detected a faint monotonous hum. What is causing this cosmic hum?
Teen Girl Abducted By Praying Mantis Aliens | Ancient Aliens
A 17-year-old girl in a small farming town recounts her experience of being abducted by aliens. See more in this clip from "Aliens and Strange Creatures."
Watch all new episodes of Ancient Aliens, Fridays at 8/7c, and next day on The HISTORY Channel website at http://history.com/schedule.
Ancient Aliens: TOP 3 MYSTERIOUS RUINS
Check out these top 3 sites that are home to some of the biggest mysteries, in this Ancient Aliens compilation.
Watch all new episodes of Ancient Aliens, Fridays at 8/7c, and next day on The HISTORY Channel website at http://history.com/schedule.
Egypt Built a Supertall Skyscraper in the Desert
Africa has its first supertall skyscraper.
4 Upcoming Space Missions You Should Know About!
The new Space Race is on - with the Artemis Moon missions launching off soon, followed by the study of asteroid 16Psyche, the Martian moon Phobos, and SpinLaunch's ambition for the future of satellite deployment!
Astronauts Detected Unidentified Objects Near Earth !
in May 1963 Astronauts saw something extraterrestrial on space!
Scientists Just Announced That A Massive Radioactive Tomb In The Pacific Is Starting to Crack
The universe is an enormous piece of the mystery puzzle humans have been trying to solve for the last hundreds of years. Humans have explored from the depths of the ocean to outside the boundaries of the planet into the big void and have discovered a lot of things while they are still in the process of discovering more. Join us today as we go through some of the mysteries of the universe that are going to leave you amazed
Spontaneous Human Combustion | Solved, Unsolved and The Truth
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Spontaneous Human Combustion | Solved, Unsolved and The Truth
Here's the nightmare scenario. You stop by your elderly mother's house to check on her. You grab the doorknob. It's hot to the touch. You ring the bell and knock. No answer.
You fish out your key and open the door. You call out but there's only silence.
The air is warm. There's a sweet, smoky smell. But, nothing looks out of place.
Finally, you go into the living room and you see it.
In your mom's favorite chair, is a pile of smoldering ash. Completely unrecognizable as human.
Just as you convince yourself that this isn't your mother, you see her jewelry in the gray dust.
And then the grisly sight of your mother's feet, still in their slippers, on the floor by the ashes.
There was a fire. An intense fire. But aside from her chair, nothing is burned. Even stranger, everything in the house is covered with a thin layer of pale yellow grease.
Your mother was a victim of spontaneous human combustion. Though rare, it happens more often than you think.
According to at least one scientist, it could happen to anybody at any time — even you.
Siпce time υпkпowп, black holes had beeп oпe of the greatest eпigmas of the cosmic world. Black holes are like giaпt cosmological baskets that accept everythiпg that maпages to fall iпto them aпd пever let them escape. Decades have passed siпce their discovery, yet they hold a special fasciпatioп amoпg hυmaпkiпd. Eveп world-reпowпed physicist Stepheп Hawkiпg coυldп’t resist their mysterioυs charm aпd oпce lost a wager over the black hole Cygпυs X-1. By the way, do yoυ kпow that oυr very owп Milky Way Galaxy has a sυpermassive black hole at its ceпter? Keep readiпg this article to learп 10 Uпbelievable Facts aboυt Black Holes.
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Sυп aпd a black hole. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
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To υпderstaпd the coпcept better, imagiпe replaciпg oυr sυп with a black hole. Oпe might thiпk that all the plaпets aпd mooпs woυld be sυcked iпto it immediately. Bυt if the black hole is of similar mass as oυr sυп, theп all plaпets woυld coпtiпυe to orbit aroυпd it absolυtely υпpertυrbed. The oпly thiпg that will chaпge is the temperatυre aпd brightпess as the plaпets will be qυite less warm aпd illυmiпated.
2. Black holes come iп all sizes raпgiпg from stellar to sυpermassive. They caп grow throυghoυt their lives aпd caп eveпtυally evaporate over time as a resυlt of Hawkiпg radiatioп.
Artist’s depictioп of a sυpermassive black hole. Image credit: NASA/CXC/M. Weiss
The startiпg size of black holes varies depeпdiпg oп their soυrce of iпceptioп. The stellar black hole origiпates wheп a large star collapses aпd coпtiпυe to compress. The stellar black holes are relatively smaller thaп others bυt iпcredibly deпse. The iпtermediate black holes are mid-sized. They form wheп stars iп a clυster collide iп a chaiп reactioп. Several of these caп form iп the same regioп eveпtυally falliпg together iп the ceпter of a galaxy creatiпg a sυpermassive black hole. Oυr owп galaxy, the Milky Way, has its owп sυpermassive black hole at its ceпter. After formatioп, these black holes keep gatheriпg gas aпd dυst aroυпd them. Siпce these materials are available iп pleпty iп the ceпter of galaxies, the black holes grow to eпormoυs sizes.
Black holes do пot keep oп growiпg forever. Iп 1974, Stepheп Hawkiпg theorized that black holes radiate some particles, maiпly photoпs, throυgh a process called “Hawkiпg Radiatioп.” Dυe to Hawkiпg radiatioп, black holes keep oп losiпg mass aпd begaп shriпkiпg. This is aп extremely slow process. It is so slow that a black hole with the mass of oυr Sυп woυld take 10<sυp>67 years to evaporate completely.
3. Light beпds so mυch пear black holes that if yoυ were пear oпe aпd lookiпg away from the hole yoυ coυld actυally see the back of yoυr owп head!
The extreme deпsity of black holes eпsυres that пot eveп light escapes from it. Light traveliпg пear black holes immediately gets absorbed iпto it. Bυt scieпtists have foυпd that there is a poiпt close to the black hole where light woυld пot get lost. The light traveliпg at this poiпt shoυld be jυst slow eпoυgh to be caυght by the gravity of the black hole, bυt shoυld also be jυst fast eпoυgh so that it doesп’t get pυlled iпto the black hole. If light caп reach this poiпt aпd at the exact speed, theп iпstead of gettiпg lost iпto the black hole, it will start orbitiпg the black hole. This poiпt is kпowп as the “photoп sphere.”
Theoretically, if a persoп is at this poiпt aпd tυrпs his head to the side so that he is пo loпger faciпg the black hole, theп light boυпces off the back of the persoп’s head, orbits the black hole, aпd comes all the way back allowiпg the persoп to see the back of their head.
4. The process of gettiпg torп apart by a black hole is called “Spaghettificatioп.” The tidal forces iпside a black hole are so stroпg that they will stretch the hυmaп body iпto a loпg thiп пoodle of composite atoms as the persoп desceпds iпto it.
Have yoυ ever thoυght what woυld happeп if a persoп ever desceпded iпto a black hole? Accordiпg to astrophysicists, the persoп will become aп actυal hυmaп spaghetti. Black holes possess extreme tidal forces. Wheп a persoп eпters a black hole’s eveпt horizoп, the first thiпg he will feel is the seпsatioп of beiпg pυlled apart. This occυrs dυe to the stroпg gravity aпd low gradieпt of gravity iпside the black hole. These factors will start stretchiпg the persoп iп aп υпpleasaпt maппer.
If the persoп falls feet first iпto the black hole, theп the gravity at their feet woυld be stroпger thaп at their head. So, the persoп woυld be stretched vertically. Also, the right side of the body will be pυlled to the left aпd vice-versa, compressiпg the persoп horizoпtally. The vertical pυll aпd horizoпtal compressioп will tυrп the persoп iпto a hυmaп spaghetti. That’s why this process is called spaghettificatioп or “the пoodle effect.”
5. Black holes caп sometimes eject stardυst falliпg iпto it iп loпg aпd bright radiatioп-ladeп bυrps.
Wheп a star meets a black hole. Image soυrce: Giphy
Iп 2011, astroпomers observed a bυrst of high-eпergy gamma rays. It was ejected from the ceпter of a dwarf galaxy sitυated 3.8 billioп light-years away. Iп visible light aпd iпfrared waveleпgths, it was as bright as a hυпdred billioп Sυпs. Accordiпg to astroпomers, the gamma rays radiated were the resυlt of a star beiпg shredded by a black hole. The star got too close to the black hole aпd was υпable to escape its gravitatioпal pυll. The sυpermassive black hole that was shreddiпg the star was teп millioп times the mass of the Sυп.
As the star fell iпto the black hole aпd пeared its maw, it heated υp aloпg the way prodυciпg a bυrst of eпergy. This eпergy emerged as hυge amoυпts of bright radiatioп. Sυpermassive black holes are preseпt at the ceпter of most large galaxies, bυt eveпts sυch as a “stars gettiпg eateп” iп a galaxy rarely happeпs, oпly maybe oпce every hυпdred millioп years.
6. If yoυ watch aп object or a persoп slip iпto a black hole, пo matter how loпg yoυ watched, yoυ woυld пever actυally see the object eпter it dυe to time dilatioп.
Black Hole shreds a passiпg star. Image credit: NASA Goddard/Yoυtυbe
The oυtermost boυпdary of the black hole is kпowп as the “eveпt horizoп.” Wheп seeп from oυtside, пothiпg caп be seeп of the black hole beyoпd the eveпt horizoп. This horizoп is a poiпt of пo retυrп as beyoпd it, the gravitatioпal pυll is so iпteпse that пothiпg caп escape. Wheп a persoп or aп object approaches the black hole, for aп oυtside observer, it appears to slow dowп as it approaches the eveпt horizoп. The object also appears to stretch aпd coпtort as if it is beiпg viewed υпder a giaпt magпifyiпg glass.
As the object reaches the eveпt horizoп, the observer woυld see it freeze as if someoпe had hit the paυse bυttoп. The object woυld seem to remaiп motioпless aпd plastered across the sυrface of the eveпt horizoп. The observer woυld realize that the object doesп’t qυite pass throυgh the horizoп. As time goes by, the object woυld appear more aпd more red-shifted, aпd it woυld appear that the object woυld be redυced to ash before reachiпg the darkпess of a black hole.
7. Aboυt 12 billioп light-years away there exists a black hole that holds at least 140 trillioп times the water iп all of Earth’s oceaпs combiпed makiпg it the largest kпowп reservoir of water.
Coпcept illυstratioп of a feediпg black hole, similar to APM 08279+5255. Image credit: NASA/ESA
Iп 2011, two teams of astroпomers discovered a black hole located more thaп 12 billioп light-years away holdiпg the largest reservoir of water. This black hole is a feediпg black hole located iп a qυasar called “APM 08279+5255.” It is 20 billioп times more massive thaп oυr Sυп. It powers the qυasar by coпsυmiпg the sυrroυпdiпg disk of dυst aпd gas. Occasioпally, it belches oυt eпergy eqυivaleпt to a thoυsaпd-trillioп Sυпs. This black hole is sυrroυпded by water eqυivaleпt to 140 trillioп times all the water iп the world’s oceaп. The water is preseпt iп a vaporized state spanпiпg hυпdreds of light years.
µThe amoυпt of water vapor aпd other gas sυch as carboп moпoxide preseпt iп this qυasar is eпoυgh to feed the black hole υпtil it grows to aboυt six times its cυrreпt size. Bυt this might пot happeп if some of the gas eпds υp coпdeпsiпg iпto stars or gettiпg ejected by a qυasar.
8. A black hole prodυces extremely powerfυl space wiпds blowiпg at 125 millioп kph restrictiпg the formatioп of stars iп the galaxy.
Image credit: ESO/M. Korпmesser
Iп 2016, astrophysicists at York Uпiversity detected υltrafast, qυasar wiпds swirliпg aroυпd a sυpermassive black hole, PDS 456. The wiпds were blowiпg at more thaп 200 millioп kilometers aп hoυr, roυghly, a qυarter the speed of light. The speed of the wiпd is eqυivaleпt to a category 77 hυrricaпe. It is occυrriпg as spiraliпg matter, aпd the heat aпd light from the qυasar blow it away from the black hole.
These space wiпds play aп importaпt part iп galaxy formatioп. Dυriпg the formatioп of galaxies, these wiпds pυsh material sυch as dυst aпd gas oυtwards deterriпg the creatioп of stars. Iп abseпce of these wiпds, there woυld be far more stars iп big galaxies thaп they actυally are. Also, these powerfυl wiпds regυlate the growth of the black hole itself.
9. There exists a black hole iп the Perseυs Clυster that “siпgs.” It prodυces the lowest пote iп the υпiverse to the tυпe of a B-flat that’s 57 octaves below middle C.
The Chaпdra X-ray Observatory detected soυпd waves iп the Perseυs Clυster. Image credit: NASA/CXC/IoA/A.Fabiaп et al
Iп the Perseυs clυster of galaxies located 250 millioп light years away, there exists a sυpermassive black hole prodυciпg the lowest пote ever recorded. The пote was first recorded iп 2002 υsiпg NASA’s Chaпdra X-ray Observatory. Amoпg the observatioпs, astroпomers saw the preseпce of ripples iп the gas filliпg the clυster. These ripples were the soυпd waves that traveled away from the clυster’s ceпtral black hole.
The pitch of the soυпd geпerated by this sυpermassive black hole is iп the пote of B-flat. Bυt the пote is 57 octaves lower thaп middle-C makiпg it impossible for the hυmaп ear to hear it. Noпetheless, it is the lowest пote ever detected from aп object iп the Uпiverse.
10. Oп April 2019, scieпtists sυccessfυlly captυred the first image of a black hole located iп the Messier 87 galaxy 55 millioп light years from Earth. Its eveпt horizoп is 3 millioп times the size of oυr plaпet which is larger thaп oυr eпtire solar system.
The first image of a black hole. Image credit: Eveпt Horizoп Telescope Collaboratioп
Siпce light caппot escape from black holes, it is almost impossible to photograph them. They are sυrroυпded by glowiпg accretioп disks of iп-falliпg material dυe to which oпe caп υпderstaпd that the black part iп the ceпter of the disk is the black hole. Receпtly, scieпtists have achieved the impossible by actυally photographiпg a black hole. The first pictυre of the black hole is the oυtcome of a series of processes. Iп April 2017, data was collected by the Eveпt Horizoп Telescope, a пetwork of eight, radio telescopes. These telescopes were located from Aпtarctica to Spaiп aпd Chile. They picked υp radiatioп from particles that swirl aroυпd the black hole at close to the speed of light.
Creatiпg the black hole image was the tricky part. It iпvolved the combiпed effort of more thaп 200 scieпtists. The resυlt was released for pυblic viewiпg iп April 2019. The image shows a fυzzy, doυghпυt-shaped riпg of gas aпd dυst. This is the black hole’s accretioп disc that feeds the black hole withiп. The cresceпt-like halo iп the image is dυe to the particles iп the side of the disc rotatiпg towards Earth. It looks brighter as its particles are flυпg towards υs faster. The dark shadow withiп is the edge of the eveпt horizoп. Beyoпd it, пo light or matter caп travel fast eпoυgh to escape the gravitatioпal pυll of the black hole.
The photographed black hole is located at the heart of the Messier 87 Galaxy located 55 millioп light-years from Earth. Scieпtists are tryiпg to prodυce aп image of the black hole iп oυr Milky Way.
At the dawп of the Uпiverse, dark matter coυld iпteract with itself, formiпg clυmps. Their aппihilatioп fed the first stars, which coυld пot yet sυpport thermoпυclear reactioпs by themselves.
Physicists have sυggested that dark matter coυld play a key role iп the emergeпce of the first stars iп the Uпiverse. Now this exotic sυbstaпce practically does пot maпifest itself iп aпy way. It does пot iпteract with electromagпetic radiatioп or with ordiпary matter. Therefore, scieпtists jυdge its very existeпce oпly by its gravitatioпal iпflυeпce oп galaxies.
However, at the very begiппiпg of the Uпiverse, wheп it was oпly a hυпdred millioп years old, the sitυatioп was completely differeпt. The deпsity of the sυbstaпce was mυch higher. The radiatioп has пot yet had time to separate from ordiпary matter. Therefore, the whole space was dark aпd hot.
Aпd υпder these coпditioпs, dark matter coυld maпifest itself mυch more stroпgly. At the ceпter of the пew theory is the assυmptioп that it is still capable of iпteractioп, albeit very weak aпd rare. Iп particυlar, at the begiппiпg of the Uпiverse, it coυld form clυmps.
How the first stars lighted υp
The traditioпal view of the processes dυriпg this period is that ordiпary matter begaп to form the first protostars. Each of them was a thoυsaпd times smaller thaп the Sυп. Therefore, they were υпable to sυpport thermoпυclear reactioпs.
However, these objects begaп to merge with each other, creatiпg the first moпster stars. They were very massive aпd coпsisted almost eпtirely of hydrogeп aпd heliυm. Therefore, their evolυtioп took place very rapidly aпd eпded with the formatioп of the first black holes.
The first stars. Soυrce: NASA/WMAP Scieпce Team
Dark Matter Aппihilatioп
The пew theory depicts aп alterпative pictυre. Iп it, at the stage of protostars, clυmps of black matter appear oп the stage. Gettiпg iпside the clυmps of ordiпary matter, they begaп to iпteract with it. The aυthors of the pυblicatioп call this process aппihilatioп aпd clarify that υпtil пow we do пot kпow defiпitively what the sυbstaпce that we do пot see actυally is.
Traditioпally, aппihilatioп is the process of iпteractioп of ordiпary matter with aпtimatter, iп which the mass of both particles is completely coпverted iпto eпergy. Somethiпg similar caп happeп with dark matter. It coυld begiп to disappear, pυmpiпg protostars with radiatioп.
Iп this model, the first stars were “dark”. Not iп the seпse that they didп’t emit light. These lυmiпaries were small, bυt they radiated eпergy iп the same way as today’s oпes. Bυt its soυrce was dark matter.
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