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UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES

UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld
akke.beakke.be
Ontdek de Fascinerende Wereld van UFO's en UAP's: Jouw Bron voor Onthullende Informatie! Ben jij ook gefascineerd door het onbekende? Wil je meer weten over UFO's en UAP's, niet alleen in België, maar over de hele wereld? Dan ben je op de juiste plek! België: Het Kloppend Hart van UFO-onderzoek In België is BUFON (Belgisch UFO-Netwerk) dé autoriteit op het gebied van UFO-onderzoek. Voor betrouwbare en objectieve informatie over deze intrigerende fenomenen, bezoek je zeker onze Facebook-pagina en deze blog. Maar dat is nog niet alles! Ontdek ook het Belgisch UFO-meldpunt en Caelestia, twee organisaties die diepgaand onderzoek verrichten, al zijn ze soms kritisch of sceptisch. Nederland: Een Schat aan Informatie Voor onze Nederlandse buren is er de schitterende website www.ufowijzer.nl, beheerd door Paul Harmans. Deze site biedt een schat aan informatie en artikelen die je niet wilt missen! Internationaal: MUFON - De Wereldwijde Autoriteit Neem ook een kijkje bij MUFON (Mutual UFO Network Inc.), een gerenommeerde Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in de VS en wereldwijd. MUFON is toegewijd aan de wetenschappelijke en analytische studie van het UFO-fenomeen, en hun maandelijkse tijdschrift, The MUFON UFO-Journal, is een must-read voor elke UFO-enthousiasteling. Bezoek hun website op www.mufon.com voor meer informatie. Samenwerking en Toekomstvisie Sinds 1 februari 2020 is Pieter niet alleen ex-president van BUFON, maar ook de voormalige nationale directeur van MUFON in Vlaanderen en Nederland. Dit creëert een sterke samenwerking met de Franse MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP, wat ons in staat stelt om nog meer waardevolle inzichten te delen. Let op: Nepprofielen en Nieuwe Groeperingen Pas op voor een nieuwe groepering die zich ook BUFON noemt, maar geen enkele connectie heeft met onze gevestigde organisatie. Hoewel zij de naam geregistreerd hebben, kunnen ze het rijke verleden en de expertise van onze groep niet evenaren. We wensen hen veel succes, maar we blijven de autoriteit in UFO-onderzoek! Blijf Op De Hoogte! Wil jij de laatste nieuwtjes over UFO's, ruimtevaart, archeologie, en meer? Volg ons dan en duik samen met ons in de fascinerende wereld van het onbekende! Sluit je aan bij de gemeenschap van nieuwsgierige geesten die net als jij verlangen naar antwoorden en avonturen in de sterren! Heb je vragen of wil je meer weten? Aarzel dan niet om contact met ons op te nemen! Samen ontrafelen we het mysterie van de lucht en daarbuiten.

Berichten van 1 maart 2017 tot 31 maart 2017

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Extraterrestrial life forms could be 'our neighbours someday': NASA researcher

'Dinosaurs didn't have a space program and they became extinct', head scientist shares findings in Thunder Bay

By Cathy Alex, CBC News Posted: Mar 08, 2017 7:30 AM ET Last Updated: Mar 08, 2017 12:28 PM ET

This artist's concept allows us to imagine what it would be like to stand on the surface of the exoplanet TRAPPIST-1f, located in the TRAPPIST-1 system in the constellation Aquarius.

This artist's concept allows us to imagine what it would be like to stand on the surface of the exoplanet TRAPPIST-1f, located in the TRAPPIST-1 system in the constellation Aquarius. (NASA/JPL-Caltech/T. Pyle (IPAC))

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'Not necessarily science fiction'

Research on the other planets in our solar system, and beyond, is starting to show "they may have harboured life in the past, and then, on top of that, there's environment that we're uncovering right now in the planets, and moons in particular, that may be conducive for life today, so it's a very exciting time for us," said Green.

James Green director of planetary science NASA

James Green, director of planetary science at NASA headquarters in Washington, D.C. says this is "exciting time" for researchers studying the origins of life in the universe. He is speaking in Thunder Bay, Ont., on Wednesday. (NASA)

It is becoming increasingly possible that it could one day be science fact, "not necessarily science fiction" that intelligent life exists elsewhere in the universe.

"Every step we take we get positive indications that something unusual is going on that we need to investigate further," said Green.

'What is our destiny?'

Sometimes that investigation offers hints of what may be to come, for those of us who call Earth home.

"What is our destiny of this species as we go millions of years into the future?," said Green, noting that Earth may not be in the safest location in the solar system, due to the presence of a large number of near-Earth objects, which have collided with our planet in the past, and will likely do so again in the future.

He points to the Earth's rock record, which suggests an impact with a nearby object of a significant size sending an enormous amount of debris into the atmosphere, blocking out the sun and leading to the extinction of more than 80 per cent of the life that existed on the planet at the time.

"The dinosaurs didn't have a space program and they became extinct."

Green's presentation, The Search for Life Beyond Earth, in Space and Time, begins at 7:30 p.m. Wednesday March 8 in ATAC 1003 at Lakehead University.

The presentation will be livestreamed.

NASA poster James Green search for life

James Green, director of planetary science at NASA, says the search for life beyond Earth is one of the fundamental areas of inquiry of our time. (Lakehead University)

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Geschreven door peter om 21:00 Stuur door

What IS the US military up to? Yet another 'alien portal’ opens in sky over secret base

What IS the US military up to? Yet another 'alien portal’ opens in sky over secret base

ANOTHER terrifying portal has been snapped over a US weapons station terrifying residents of a California’s ‘Surf City’ Huntington Beach.

An ultra-powerful light beam shone down from what observers described as “a rent in the fabric of the sky”. The light source was far too powerful to be a conventional aircraft, residents who saw the phenomenon said.

A major United States Navy weapons station is just six miles away from Huntington at Seal Beach.

The phenomenon mirrors a darker sky-portal and sinister-looking flying black cube which was captured on video by residents of El Paso in Texas.

El Paso is close to the US Army’s top secret White Sands compound - the USA’s most secret military installation.

White Sands was the location of Robert Oppenheimer’s Manhattan Project which saw the world’s first Atomic bomb detonated there in July 1945.

In Huntington some people said the massive light in the sky looked ‘alien’ and like some sort of ‘portal to another universe’.

But others pointed to the Seal Beach Naval Weapons Station – one even suggesting it was a rogue Trident missile.

Seal Beach was opened in 1944 and is charged with arming the US Pacific Fleet. But part of the station’s remit is also to test and assess new and existing weapons – many of which are classified. 

portal youtube

YOUTUBE

The alleged portal

Some observers claimed the bizarre super-strong light beam may have been some sort of new weapons system.

SecureTeam10 investigator Tyler says he was sent the video on Twitter by a man simply known as Michael. he added the people who captured the footage were on their way to Huntington Beach, California, at 5.30 AM when they spotted the light.

Tyler adds Michael said the footage “looked literally like a portal, opening up in the sky where we had this strange light which appeared and was shining directly down towards the Earth.

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navy seal

FLICKR

Seal Beach, California, is home to a naval station

“The source is driving towards the light and you’ll notice that the light never once moves position.

“If it were a plane or something like that, flying at 400 to 600 miles per hour, you can bet you would see some movement but this piece just sat there.

“From the distance that he recorded this, I would think that it would have to be a massive light.

universe portal

IG

A 'portal opened in California'

“I’m scratching my head at what could have created this? 

“Is this some sort of portal? Is this some sort of craft up in the clouds that has a light on the bottom of this that not only points straight down towards the Earth but is also powerful enough to cut through these cloudy skies.”

The light can be seen in the sky for about 20 seconds before completely disappearing.

parallel universe

GETTY

Some believe the supposed portal led to a parallel universe

Commenters on the video state that there was some spooky goings on in the region about the time the video was captured – towards the end of February.

One person wrote: “This is too weird, I woke up from a dream seeing something in the sky like a portal, then all of a sudden I was getting sucked into one. This literally happened this morning when I was sleeping. strangely I live in Cali as well”.

Another added: “I live in Huntington Beach and have seen some crazy things around here!”

lightbeam

GETTY

A mysterious beam appeared in the sky

However, others were not so convinced.

A skeptic said: “The ‘weird light’ over California was a Trident II ballistic missile test, two missiles were launched.”

Another said: “Getting so sick of the use of the word 'portal' in every other ufo video lol - it's pop sci fi terminology at best. This looks simply like a helicopter searchlight shining through low cloud/mist.”

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Geschreven door peter om 20:56 Stuur door

Proof of aliens? Ex Blink 182 frontman promises ‘BIG UFO ANNOUNCEMENT’ within 60 DAYS

Proof of aliens? Ex Blink 182 frontman promises ‘BIG UFO ANNOUNCEMENT’ within 60 DAYS

FORMER Blink-182 frontman Tom DeLonge has claimed "a big announcement" in the world of alien and UFO disclosure is due in the next 60 days.

By JON AUSTIN

The singer-turned UFO investigator spoke after being named UFO "Researcher Of The Year" by the International UFO Congress.

In his acceptance speech he suggested there was about to be a big leap in the quest for truth over aliens.

He has been involved in a mystery project, details of which emerged when emails he sent Hillary Clinton's campaign manager John Podesta were released by WikiLeaks during the US presidential election campaign.

The emails suggested he was in talks with significant US military sources.

DeLonge has previously made wild claims, including that he has met aliens near top-secret military base Area 51.

DeLonge-UFO

GETTY

Tom DeLonge says a major UFO announcement is coming in the next 60 days.

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He also said his mission has seen him "hunted" by shady officials, with his phone being tapped, due to his sources.

In his acceptance speech, he said: "There’s a lot that I can’t say, but there’s some that I can, but there will be an announcement in like 60 days.

"I’m so appreciative that I’ve been acknowledged for this stuff, but I’m not done.

"I’m just like you guys. I spent 20 years up all night, reading about Roswell, Dulce, Serpo, Churchill, the crashes here, Nazis building craft there, Antarctica, what’s on Mars, what’s on the back of the moon, anomalous structures. 

"I mean, I’ve done it all. I know it all. I read all the same authors as you guys, hundreds of books. I look at all the same sites. I listen to all the Coast To Coast stuff that you guys do. I’m the same.

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There’s a lot that I can’t say, but there’s some that I can, but there will be an announcement in like 60 days.

Tom DeLonge

"But I kind of used some of my notoriety to try to do something pretty ambitious, and it worked.

"I came out and told you guys about a book I was writing called Sekret Machines, and I said a bunch of stuff, that I was working with some people. 

"Well, I think a lot of people doubted it, and they thought it was crazy that this musician would have this kind of access. And then the WikiLeaks thing happened, and you guys saw that I’m into some serious s***, and I’m making really good progress."

He said his announcement may be missed by mainstream media.

However, "the UFO community would see the significance", he said.

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After the WikiLeaks releases last year, DeLonge said in a message posted on Instagram: "WikiLeaks really messed some important stuff up. 

"What seems like ridiculous subject matter to most, is of massive importance to admirable National Security Leadership. 

"It's easy to poke fun about the topic from an armchair, but unless you're invited to the meetings I have been a part of, then...no more laughing."

WikiLeaks revealed DeLonge had sent multiple emails to Mr Podesta, concerning proposed meetings and even military whistleblowers he was working with.

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Geschreven door peter om 20:37 Stuur door

MH370 'FOUND on Google Earth' – ex US Air Force man claims THIS is the missing plane

MH370 'FOUND on Google Earth' – ex US Air Force man claims THIS is the missing plane

COULD this fuzzy outline beneath the waves be the final resting place of the missing Malaysia Airlines MH370 plane?

A UFO investigator looking for evidence of flying saucers inadvertently stumbled across the suspected aircraft in an eight-month-old Google satellite image.

If Scott C Waring is correct, the plane had travelled to the Cape of Good Hope, off Cape Town, South Africa.

His claim today coincides with the discovery of debris on the east coast of Africa in an area between Mozambique and Madagascar.

The wrecked parts are being sent to Australia for tests to see if they came from MH370.

Mr Waring, who is editor of UFO Sightings Daily, posted details of his discovery online.

Could this really be the missing MH 370?

GOOGLE•UFOSD•GETTY

Could this really be the missing MH 370?

Mr Waring is convinced it is a Boeing 777 and could be MH 370

GOOGLEarth

Mr Waring is convinced it is a Boeing 777 and could be MH 370

Close up: A plane or surf on rocks?

GOOGLE

Close up: A plane or surf on rocks?

If he has discovered the aircraft, it would appear the plane has survived the mystery crash largely in one piece.

The Boeing 777 disappeared on with 239 people on board en route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing on March 8, 2014.

The site of the debris find is about 1,200 miles from Cape Town.

Mr Waring today blogged: "I was looking around the Cape of Good Hope for an old UFO sighting I found three years ago, and was hoping to make an update when I came across a shadow in the water, which resembled an airliner.

“I used to work on B-1 bombers back at Ellsworth SD, at an SAC during my USAF days. I know a plane when I see one.

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Mr Waring presented a map showing how he belives it could have got there in a YouTube video

UFOSD

Mr Waring presented a map showing how he belives it could have got there in a YouTube video

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I was looking around the Cape of Good Hope for an old UFO sighting I found three years ago, and was hoping to make an update when I came across a shadow in the water, which resembled an airliner

Scott C Waring

Mr Waring speculated a Boeing 777-200 like MH370 would have enough fuel to fly between 6,000 miles and 7,700 miles and the "crash site" was about 5,400 from where it took off from.

He added: "The Google earth photo is dated July 26 2015 and it crashed on March 8 2014. It's had 16 months of moving about."

He now fears it could have moved since the picture was taken last July.

He said action was needed urgently to confirm or rule out his findings.

He said: "I know there is less than one per cent of one per cent of a chance that this is MH370, but it's better than we had five minutes ago right.

“I feel awful for those families who lost friends and family this plane and I hope this might get them some closure.”

Mr Waring has a knack for spotting well-know objects in satellite and other NASA images taken in space.

He regularly posts alleged sightings in images talked by the NASA Curiosity Rover droid that he says prove aliens exist such as beings, buildings, UFOs, ancient ruins, animals, fossils, the list goes on.

But most scientists agree he is simply falling victim to a phenomena known as pareidolia, when the brain tricks they were into seeing familiar objects like faces or animal shapes in textures or patterns like a rock surface.

To try and prove the theory, Mr Waring has tweeted Malaysia Airlines to alert them to the discovery and is awaiting a response.

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Geschreven door peter om 20:28 Stuur door

UFO 2017: CHILEAN NAVY RELEASE 10 MIN OF UFO FOOTAGE IN INFRARED

UFO 2017: CHILEAN NAVY RELEASE 10 MIN OF UFO FOOTAGE IN INFRARED

700_8f98db3e1b0af0f45e1dfb508695da0f.jpg?v=1484883927

Unexplained UFO video just released from the Chilean Navy

The remarkable nine-minutes recorded by two Chileans from military showing an unidentified flying object (UFO) ejecting an unknown substance into the air, was introduced into the media society by Chilean government, after two years of long analyses and investigations.

CEFAA, the Chilean government's UFO investigations branch, was the only one at that time released such type of images. CEFAA works under the auspices of Chilean Air Force, committees of military experts, technicians and academics from many disciplines. None of them have been able to reach a consensus about what that object is, an object observed by those two militaries from coastal patrol.

When all the investigations among UFO's cases are accomplished, and the events are named as unidentified air phenomenas, the government's branch release them into the media. The General Ricardo Bermudez, the director of CEFAA in that period, explained: "We do not know exacly what that object was, but we do know for sure what that object wasn't." And "what that object wasn't" comes up with a long list of conventional explanations.

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{ http://www.disclose.tv/ }

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Geschreven door peter om 20:03 Stuur door

Nuclear Weapons and UFOs

Nuclear Weapons and UFOs

Since the dawn of the Atomic Age, hundreds of UFOs have been sighted over, or near, nuclear power plants, nuclear research laboratories, nuclear weapons launch control centers and nuclear warhead storage facilities. According to Dr. Donald Johnson of the Nuclear Connection Project:

A good percentage of these reports occurred at highly restricted government research and production facilities such as Los Alamos (NM), Oak Ridge (TN), Hanford (WA), and Savannah River (SC). Highly trained government scientists and personnel who had been granted top-secret military clearance made many of these reports.

As indicated by Francis Ridge, Coordinator of the Nuclear Connection Project:

The first major UFO sighting wave occurred in the summer of 1947 with over 800 sightings of ‘daylight discs’ or ‘flying saucers’. The sightings peaked and ceased within days of a reported crash of an object at Roswell, New Mexico.

At the time, New Mexico was the center of the world’s cutting edge rocket science research, nuclear weapons development, and newly operating radar systems. Some well known scientists such as physicist Stanton Friedman, believe it was these new technological projects that attracted the many UFO visits to New Mexico. Clearly someone other than the U.S. government was interested in these science/engineering breakthroughs. To retrieve a report of dozens of these UFO incidents, Google: UFO Intelligence Summary for the Nuclear Connection Project.

Among some of the most interesting UFO incursions have been those at U.S. nuclear weapons facilities. One of the world’s foremost UFO/nuclear weapons researchers is writer Robert Hastings, author of  UFOs and Nukes: Extraordinary Encounters at Nuclear Weapons Sites. Hastings has secured testimony of over 150 retired U.S. military officers and enlisted personnel who have observed UFOs, some of which have interrupted operations of nuclear weapons sites in the U.S. and overseas. In some cases, underground based nuclear missiles malfunctioned while disc-shaped objects silently hovered over their launch control centers. Similar incidents have occurred at numerous nuclear weapons storage areas and B-52 bomber alert pads. To retrieve declassified documents concerning these incidents, click here or here.

One of the most prominent U.S. UFO incidents occurred at Whiteman Air Force Base, Knob Noster, Missouri, where in 1984 the Air Force deployed 150 Minuteman nuclear missiles on high alert status which were presumably aimed at dozens of strategic areas in the Soviet Union. In support of those actively deployed warheads, were additional “spare” warheads which were stored in above ground containers known as “igloos”.

One late night at Whiteman, Airman 1st class Dale Hogan and his fellow airman, known only as George, were driving near the “igloos” when the motor of their jeep malfunctioned so that they had to park near igloo 4018. Upon doing so, Hogan saw a black disc approximately 50 feet in diameter hovering some 50 to 100 feet over the igloo. When Hogan, approached the igloo, he saw a pencil-thin, bluish-red light coming straight from the overhead disc doing a grid pattern examination of the igloo starting at one corner of the object and going back and forth about every three inches. At one point Hogan put his hand into the beam of light which changed to the color purple and burned his fingers. Hogan said: “…my hand was like numb! Like pins and needles…”

As the disc continued to survey the igloos, George called the Base Security Officer for orders. Shortly
thereafter, a security team was dispatched to the area, and the Lt. Colonel in charge ordered Hogan and George to move behind the igloo. Then a very large video camera was set up with a large spot light being beamed on the black disc. And, at that point, several Marine Harrier jet planes were dispatched to the area as the UFO began to move away from the igloos. As the jets approached the disc, the UFO easily outmaneuvered their pursuit and sped faraway from the area. As their chase was to no avail, the Harriers returned to Whiteman and landed. Then the UFO returned to the igloos and continued emitting the red-blue beam of light at the top of their surfaces. This grid search ended at about 4:30 a.m. and the disc ‘lit up’ and shot straight up in the sky never to be seen again.

Following this strange episode, Airmen Hogan and George were “debriefed”. by four men in gray suits and by several Whiteman officers. As part of the debriefing, Hogan and George were required to sign a non-disclosure agreement stating that they would never discuss the Whiteman UFO incident with anyone, and were told told that a violation of the agreement would result in immediate discharge from the Air Force, along with several other serious penalties.

In a very detailed interview with journalist and TV anchor, Linda Moulton Howe, Hogan repeated the following threats that were made by Whteman officers at the end of his debriefing:

Airman Hogan, bullets are cheap! People die all the time. They commit suicide on a regular basis. If you ever disclose what happened this night, you will not like the future. And family members die all the time – horrible deaths! Houses burn down. People die in car crashes all the time. So, for your family’s sake, I would not disclose what happened tonight.

To retrieve LInda Moulton Howe’s interview with Airman Dale Hogan, click here or watch embedded video above[

Bill Wickersham, MU Adjunct Professor of Peace Studies

{ http://exonews.org/ }

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Geschreven door peter om 19:52 Stuur door

X-Files : la saison 11 pas avant 2017/2018

X-Files : la saison 11 pas avant 2017/2018
Par Corentin Palanchini

La 11e fournée d'épisodes de X-Files devrait voir le jour, cependant pas avant la rentrée 2017/2018, selon les présidents de FOX TV.

146832.jpg

S'il n'y a jamais de repos pour les agents Mulder et Scully, il y a des pauses pour leurs interprètes ! Selon les présidents de FOX TV, Gillian Anderson et David Duchovny ne pourront pas tourner une nouvelle saison de X-Files avant 2017/2018 ! Ce qui les retient ? Un agenda bouché !

Si Duchovny vient de terminer le tournage de Twin Peaks saison 3 et Aquarius saison 2 (cette dernière sera diffusée cet été), Anderson va commencer celui du film Official Secrets avec Paul Bettany et Harrison Ford et de The Fall saison 3. La co-présidente de FOX TV Dana Walden se montre tout de même rassurante, en précisant que les deux acteurs de la série sont "partants", de même que le créateur de la série Chris Carter.

039345.jpg FOXMulder et Scully, héros de "X-Files"

Pour son retour après 14 ans d'absence, X-Files et sa 10e saison avaient réuni en moyenne 9,53 millions de téléspectateurs sur la FOX, et en France une moyenne de 3,51 millions de téléspectateurs et 14,6% du public sur M6.

La production comme la chaîne souhaitent donc un retour de Mulder et Scully dès que possible, a priori pour la saison 2017/2018. Ce retour augurera-t-il d'un nombre d'épisodes plus élevé que les six épisodes de la dernière saison ? Wait and see...

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Geschreven door peter om 19:48 Stuur door

Yet more evidence emerges that our universe is a grand simulation created by an intelligent designer

Yet more evidence emerges that our universe is a grand simulation created by an intelligent designer

MikeAdams.jpgby Mike Adams, the Health Ranger

Universe
(NaturalNews) There's a lot of buzz in the news about a new scientific study that statistically supports the idea that our known universe is actually a grand computer simulation. This is mainstream science, and the idea isn't a whacky as you might first suppose. I've actually written about this several times in articles about consciousness and the nature of reality. This news, by the way, also supports the idea of a Creator who brought this universe -- and everything in it -- into existence by design.

A new scientific paper published in arXiv and co-authored by Silas Beane from the University of Bonn reveals strong statistical evidence that our reality is, indeed, a grand computer simulation. The title of the paper is Constraints on the Universe as a Numerical Simulation.

Here's what it means in layman's terms

Here's the super easy way to understand all this. Your computer display screen has a finite number of pixels available, and this is called the "screen resolution" such as 1920 x 1440. This means there are 1920 pixels across and 1440 pixels vertically.

Everything you see on your computer screen must be drawn and depicted using these pixels, and nothing can be displayed that's only half a pixel. For example, you can't draw a vertical line on the screen that exists between the pixels that are hard-wired into the screen resolution. Everything you view on the monitor -- a computer game, a website, even a video -- is essentially transposed onto the "lattice" of pixels that exist in your hardware.

Your hardware, in effect, has a hard-wired "resolution limit" which defines the smallest size of any object that can be depicted on the screen.

Now, zoom out to the "real" world in which we live. Here in the real world, we think that there are no pixels and that we can move fluidly to any location we wish. We are not digitized being, we think; we're analog beings living in a fluid world without the pixelation of a computer screen, right?

Not so fast. As it turns out, our "reality" is also pixelated, just at a very fine resolution. This study out of Bonn revealed that the energy level of cosmic rays "snaps to" the "resolution" of the universe in which we live. The very laws of electromagnetic radiation, in other words, are confined by the resolution of the three-dimensional simulation we call a "universe."

The existence of this construct, if proven, also proves intelligent design by a conscious Creator who built the universe to begin with. This is the upshot of this scientific discovery that most scientists refuse to acknowledge. But the conclusion is inescapable: If our universe is a carefully-constructed simulation, then by definition there must have been a purpose behind its construction as well as a Creator who built it.

For the record, my personal belief is that the Creator set all the physical constants in the universe and then initiated the so-called "Big Bang" and let things play out from there. I do not believe our Creator "tinkers" with the universe at a micro level on a day-to-day basis. But I do believe there very well may have been individuals throughout history who found ways to "bend the rules" of the Matrix ever so slightly and thereby perform the very kind of miracles we see described in ancient texts.

"The structure of the underlying lattice"

The authors of this new paper describe their conclusion as following: "The numerical simulation scenario could reveal itself in the distributions of the highest energy cosmic rays exhibiting a degree of rotational symmetry breaking that reflects the structure of the underlying lattice."

This "underlying lattice" is what I'm describing as a "resolution" of our physical simulation.

There's other evidence of this, too: Plank's Constant, for example, is by itself yet more evidence that the physical universe in which we live is quantized to a particular resolution. In fact, even light behaves in a quantized manner, which is why "light packets" are called quanta.

Our universe, it turns out, is digital, not analog. Heck, even your DNA is digital, not analog. You are a digitized physical being imbued with a non-material consciousness that transcends this physical simulation. Realizing this is a lot like taking the red pill in The Matrix and being shown that the universe you thought was real is actually just a grand computer simulation.

Of course, once you grasp that we are living in a grand simulation, the next obvious question is: Who built it?

Intelligent Design

One obvious answer is that we built it! Not "we" the humans here on Earth, but rather the "we" which is a highly advanced civilization of seemingly supernatural beings with incomprehensibly powerful technology. We collectively built the simulation, the theory goes, and then agreed to selectively insert our consciousness into the simulation in order to have a "human life experience" on this planet. But that's only one possibility from all this.

Another possible answer is that HE built it. Who is He? He is God, our Creator. He is a consciousness with literal God-like powers who is omnipresent and all-powerful. He created our universe (i.e. designed and then launched the simulation) while providing a mechanism for free will consciousness to "wake up" inside the simulation in the bodies of newly-born beings. Upon death in the simulation, your consciousness leaves the simulation and returns to its source, which is the actual reality that transcends this one. This is possibly why people who have survived near-death experiences consistently report their experience as being a "hyper reality" that feels like it is "a thousand times more real than life on Earth."

For the record, I have always believed in a supernatural Creator of our universe; our God. I also believe -- and have good evidence -- that God is an all-loving being and that the overriding purpose of our existence in this universe is to express our free will and thereby have a self-aware experience which advances our knowledge of who we are. More details on this below...

What would be the purpose of intelligently designing a grand computer simulation?

If our universe was consciously created, then it must have been created for a purpose. In his book Proof of Heaven, near-death survivor Dr. Eben Alexander, a neurosurgeon, describes the purpose in great detail on page 48 of his book:

Through the Orb, [God] told me that there is not one universe but many -- in fact, more than I could conceive -- but that love lay at the center of them all. Evil was present in all the other universes as well, but only in the tiniest trace amounts. Evil was necessary because without it free will was impossible, and without free will there could be no growth -- no forward movement, no chance for us to become what God longed for us to be. Horrible and all-powerful as evil sometimes seemed to be in a world like ours, in the larger picture love was overwhelmingly dominant, and it would ultimately be triumphant.

The primary purpose of life in this realm, it seems, is to experience personal growth and learn how to overcome Evil. This explains why we all seem to be surrounded by so much evil on a day-to-day basis. We are drowning in evil precisely because our souls chose to be here and learn how to defeat it.

At the end of our Earthly lives, we are then judged on our performance. As I wrote in a previous article:

Upon our death, we are judged by a higher power, and that judgment takes into account our performance in these areas. Did we achieve a measure of self-awareness? Did we work to overcome evil? Did we express love and compassion and help uplift others with knowledge and awareness?

As you've probably already figured out, the vast majority of humans fail these tests. They die as bitter, selfish, substance-addicted, greed-driven minions of evil who mistakenly thought they were winning the game of life while, in reality, they were losing the far more important test of the Creator.-

Looking around at our fellow human beings, you can't help but agree with my assessment that nearly everyone is failing the test. If we are here to overcome and resist evil, very few people are scoring very many points at all.

Having your consciousness attached to a human experience in this world seems to be the universal equivalent of "being thrown in the deep end" of Good vs. Evil. Making matters even more difficult, none of us is granted any sort of memory of why we are here and what we're supposed to do. We simply wake up as a newborn, and we have to figure things out for ourselves -- a challenge that often takes a lifetime. In fact, the achievement of "enlightenment" in a human lifetime is quite a remarkable feat by any measure.

What this means for your life

So what does all this mean in terms of the way you live your life here on Earth? If you believe the universe really is a grand simulation created by a higher power, then it forces you to rethink your philosophy on the purpose of life.

Some might say this is the perfect excuse to resort to selfish hedonism and turn your entire life into one vast entertainment parade. But that seems to be the wrong conclusion from all this, precisely because it ignores the importance of personal growth. I do not believe our universe is a childish playground; I believe it is a serious test of spiritual strength. You may or may not agree with all my points, but here's my philosophy on what to do with this realization:

#1) Don't chase material things that aren't even real in the first place. You are living in a simulation that's as un-real as an old 8-bit Atari computer game. Your focus on trying to collect money and wealth in this world is about as foolish as trying to collect gold coins in a role-playing computer game.

#2) Live your life to WIN the simulation. "Winning" means persistently working to defeat evil, demonstrate love and help awaken others. Rack up your "karma" points, so to speak. Because that's how you will be judged once your earthly life comes to an end.

#3) Know that your behavior is being watched, recorded and judged. There are ultimately no secrets. You will, in time, face judgment on all your actions, and it's even possible that an entire civilization of advanced Creators will review your actions with you. (This is what is often described by those who survive NDEs.) Your actions in this simulation are recorded on your soul for eternity, so make them count. Don't do anything your soul would feel ashamed of.

#4) Know that death is not final. What matters far more than staying alive on this planet is living your life with principle. Your decisions (ethics) survive your human life! I would rather die defending principles of love and enlightenment than compromise those principles to save my own skin in this simulation. Life is fleeting, but the record of your morals and behavior lasts forever. If all this starts to sound a little Biblical, that's because the Bible is, I believe, based in part on information provided to us by the Creator of our grand simulation.

#5) Realize that your consciousness is eternal and you almost certainly "agreed" to come here and experience this life as a spiritual test. With that in mind, do your best to achieve success within the test by demonstrating behavior based in high spiritual principles.

Why I'm not afraid to tell the truth

Once you grasp all this, you realize why I am not afraid to speak my mind and report the truth here on Natural News. People often ask me, "Aren't you afraid of being killed?" While I do take tactical precautions to avoid being prematurely removed from this simulation, I simultaneously realize that there is ultimately nothing to be afraid of in this simulated world.

What's to be afraid of, really? Most of the people who claim to have power in this world will be reduced to Hellish minions after their death. If you look at truly evil people in this world, you realize that those people have already doomed their souls in the real world beyond this one. They will suffer from the Hell they have brought upon themselves by living lives of deception. We who tell the truth are spiritual giants compared to those who gain false power through deception.

That's why never selling out is an absolutely must if you hope to pass the spiritual test of life. If you sell out to corporate interests or an evil agenda that suppresses freedom or health, you quite literally sell out your own soul far beyond this one lifetime. The phrase "eternal damnation" comes to mind...

On the issue of gun rights, by the way, all this helps explain why self defense is a divine right. We all deserve the right to prevent our souls from being prematurely removed from the simulation (i.e. being killed). Guns are simply tools that can help us defend our physical bodies so that our spiritual bodies can continue with their intended experiences in this reality. This is why those of high spirituality have traditionally carried swords and other weapons of self defense. Even Jesus recommend people carry swords for protection, even as they pursue spiritual awakening.

A gun defends the body so that the spirit can do its work, in other words. But that's only true if the use of gun is reserved for self defense only. To use a gun to commit unjustified violence against innocents is obviously a terrible sin and a catastrophic spiritual failure.

Conclusion: Has science proven the existence of God?

If all this science is true, it would mean that science has proven the existence of a Creator (as well as intelligent design).

This is certainly not the intention of science, as much of modern-day science seems to be dead-set against the idea of intelligent design. Yet even if the entire universe can be traced back to the Big Bang and Inflation Theory (with Inflatons) there is still the lingering question of "Who or what initiated the Big Bang?"

If you really look deeply into the laws of physics, by the way, you will discover that the so-called universal constants that drive the underlying mechanics and energies of our universe have been intricately fine-tuned precisely to give rise to a universe that can support biological life. Change one of these constants just slightly and stars don't form. Change another constant and the universe flings itself apart before life can form on any planets. These are at least six physical constants that appear to have been delicately tuned, selected or somehow "set" sort of like a universal control panel with properties and parameters.

There's an interesting book on this subject by science writer Paul Davies, by the way. It's called The Goldilocks Enigma: Why Is the Universe Just Right for Life? I've read most of it and recommend the book to other seekers who are looking for the deepest answers about the nature of reality and how it all came to be.

If you're interested in my own views on all this, read my article on The Higgs boson "God particle".

You may also enjoy reading my other website called www.DivinityNow.com where I post articles on consciousness, cosmology and philosophy.

{ http://www.naturalnews.com/ }

Hoe vind je dit bericht?
Geschreven door peter om 19:36 Stuur door

Yet more evidence emerges that our universe is a grand simulation created by an intelligent designer

Yet more evidence emerges that our universe is a grand simulation created by an intelligent designer

MikeAdams.jpgby Mike Adams, the Health Ranger

Universe
Beverly-Hills-MD-2-Nov-2016-MR.jpg
(NaturalNews) There's a lot of buzz in the news about a new scientific study that statistically supports the idea that our known universe is actually a grand computer simulation. This is mainstream science, and the idea isn't a whacky as you might first suppose. I've actually written about this several times in articles about consciousness and the nature of reality. This news, by the way, also supports the idea of a Creator who brought this universe -- and everything in it -- into existence by design.

A new scientific paper published in arXiv and co-authored by Silas Beane from the University of Bonn reveals strong statistical evidence that our reality is, indeed, a grand computer simulation. The title of the paper is Constraints on the Universe as a Numerical Simulation.

Here's what it means in layman's terms

Here's the super easy way to understand all this. Your computer display screen has a finite number of pixels available, and this is called the "screen resolution" such as 1920 x 1440. This means there are 1920 pixels across and 1440 pixels vertically.

Everything you see on your computer screen must be drawn and depicted using these pixels, and nothing can be displayed that's only half a pixel. For example, you can't draw a vertical line on the screen that exists between the pixels that are hard-wired into the screen resolution. Everything you view on the monitor -- a computer game, a website, even a video -- is essentially transposed onto the "lattice" of pixels that exist in your hardware.

Your hardware, in effect, has a hard-wired "resolution limit" which defines the smallest size of any object that can be depicted on the screen.

Now, zoom out to the "real" world in which we live. Here in the real world, we think that there are no pixels and that we can move fluidly to any location we wish. We are not digitized being, we think; we're analog beings living in a fluid world without the pixelation of a computer screen, right?

Not so fast. As it turns out, our "reality" is also pixelated, just at a very fine resolution. This study out of Bonn revealed that the energy level of cosmic rays "snaps to" the "resolution" of the universe in which we live. The very laws of electromagnetic radiation, in other words, are confined by the resolution of the three-dimensional simulation we call a "universe."

The existence of this construct, if proven, also proves intelligent design by a conscious Creator who built the universe to begin with. This is the upshot of this scientific discovery that most scientists refuse to acknowledge. But the conclusion is inescapable: If our universe is a carefully-constructed simulation, then by definition there must have been a purpose behind its construction as well as a Creator who built it.

For the record, my personal belief is that the Creator set all the physical constants in the universe and then initiated the so-called "Big Bang" and let things play out from there. I do not believe our Creator "tinkers" with the universe at a micro level on a day-to-day basis. But I do believe there very well may have been individuals throughout history who found ways to "bend the rules" of the Matrix ever so slightly and thereby perform the very kind of miracles we see described in ancient texts.

"The structure of the underlying lattice"

The authors of this new paper describe their conclusion as following: "The numerical simulation scenario could reveal itself in the distributions of the highest energy cosmic rays exhibiting a degree of rotational symmetry breaking that reflects the structure of the underlying lattice."

This "underlying lattice" is what I'm describing as a "resolution" of our physical simulation.

There's other evidence of this, too: Plank's Constant, for example, is by itself yet more evidence that the physical universe in which we live is quantized to a particular resolution. In fact, even light behaves in a quantized manner, which is why "light packets" are called quanta.

Our universe, it turns out, is digital, not analog. Heck, even your DNA is digital, not analog. You are a digitized physical being imbued with a non-material consciousness that transcends this physical simulation. Realizing this is a lot like taking the red pill in The Matrix and being shown that the universe you thought was real is actually just a grand computer simulation.

Of course, once you grasp that we are living in a grand simulation, the next obvious question is: Who built it?

Intelligent Design

One obvious answer is that we built it! Not "we" the humans here on Earth, but rather the "we" which is a highly advanced civilization of seemingly supernatural beings with incomprehensibly powerful technology. We collectively built the simulation, the theory goes, and then agreed to selectively insert our consciousness into the simulation in order to have a "human life experience" on this planet. But that's only one possibility from all this.

Another possible answer is that HE built it. Who is He? He is God, our Creator. He is a consciousness with literal God-like powers who is omnipresent and all-powerful. He created our universe (i.e. designed and then launched the simulation) while providing a mechanism for free will consciousness to "wake up" inside the simulation in the bodies of newly-born beings. Upon death in the simulation, your consciousness leaves the simulation and returns to its source, which is the actual reality that transcends this one. This is possibly why people who have survived near-death experiences consistently report their experience as being a "hyper reality" that feels like it is "a thousand times more real than life on Earth."

For the record, I have always believed in a supernatural Creator of our universe; our God. I also believe -- and have good evidence -- that God is an all-loving being and that the overriding purpose of our existence in this universe is to express our free will and thereby have a self-aware experience which advances our knowledge of who we are. More details on this below...

What would be the purpose of intelligently designing a grand computer simulation?

If our universe was consciously created, then it must have been created for a purpose. In his book Proof of Heaven, near-death survivor Dr. Eben Alexander, a neurosurgeon, describes the purpose in great detail on page 48 of his book:

Through the Orb, [God] told me that there is not one universe but many -- in fact, more than I could conceive -- but that love lay at the center of them all. Evil was present in all the other universes as well, but only in the tiniest trace amounts. Evil was necessary because without it free will was impossible, and without free will there could be no growth -- no forward movement, no chance for us to become what God longed for us to be. Horrible and all-powerful as evil sometimes seemed to be in a world like ours, in the larger picture love was overwhelmingly dominant, and it would ultimately be triumphant.

The primary purpose of life in this realm, it seems, is to experience personal growth and learn how to overcome Evil. This explains why we all seem to be surrounded by so much evil on a day-to-day basis. We are drowning in evil precisely because our souls chose to be here and learn how to defeat it.

At the end of our Earthly lives, we are then judged on our performance. As I wrote in a previous article:

Upon our death, we are judged by a higher power, and that judgment takes into account our performance in these areas. Did we achieve a measure of self-awareness? Did we work to overcome evil? Did we express love and compassion and help uplift others with knowledge and awareness?

As you've probably already figured out, the vast majority of humans fail these tests. They die as bitter, selfish, substance-addicted, greed-driven minions of evil who mistakenly thought they were winning the game of life while, in reality, they were losing the far more important test of the Creator.


Looking around at our fellow human beings, you can't help but agree with my assessment that nearly everyone is failing the test. If we are here to overcome and resist evil, very few people are scoring very many points at all.

Having your consciousness attached to a human experience in this world seems to be the universal equivalent of "being thrown in the deep end" of Good vs. Evil. Making matters even more difficult, none of us is granted any sort of memory of why we are here and what we're supposed to do. We simply wake up as a newborn, and we have to figure things out for ourselves -- a challenge that often takes a lifetime. In fact, the achievement of "enlightenment" in a human lifetime is quite a remarkable feat by any measure.

What this means for your life

So what does all this mean in terms of the way you live your life here on Earth? If you believe the universe really is a grand simulation created by a higher power, then it forces you to rethink your philosophy on the purpose of life.

Some might say this is the perfect excuse to resort to selfish hedonism and turn your entire life into one vast entertainment parade. But that seems to be the wrong conclusion from all this, precisely because it ignores the importance of personal growth. I do not believe our universe is a childish playground; I believe it is a serious test of spiritual strength. You may or may not agree with all my points, but here's my philosophy on what to do with this realization:

#1) Don't chase material things that aren't even real in the first place. You are living in a simulation that's as un-real as an old 8-bit Atari computer game. Your focus on trying to collect money and wealth in this world is about as foolish as trying to collect gold coins in a role-playing computer game.

#2) Live your life to WIN the simulation. "Winning" means persistently working to defeat evil, demonstrate love and help awaken others. Rack up your "karma" points, so to speak. Because that's how you will be judged once your earthly life comes to an end.

#3) Know that your behavior is being watched, recorded and judged. There are ultimately no secrets. You will, in time, face judgment on all your actions, and it's even possible that an entire civilization of advanced Creators will review your actions with you. (This is what is often described by those who survive NDEs.) Your actions in this simulation are recorded on your soul for eternity, so make them count. Don't do anything your soul would feel ashamed of.

#4) Know that death is not final. What matters far more than staying alive on this planet is living your life with principle. Your decisions (ethics) survive your human life! I would rather die defending principles of love and enlightenment than compromise those principles to save my own skin in this simulation. Life is fleeting, but the record of your morals and behavior lasts forever. If all this starts to sound a little Biblical, that's because the Bible is, I believe, based in part on information provided to us by the Creator of our grand simulation.

#5) Realize that your consciousness is eternal and you almost certainly "agreed" to come here and experience this life as a spiritual test. With that in mind, do your best to achieve success within the test by demonstrating behavior based in high spiritual principles.

Why I'm not afraid to tell the truth

Once you grasp all this, you realize why I am not afraid to speak my mind and report the truth here on Natural News. People often ask me, "Aren't you afraid of being killed?" While I do take tactical precautions to avoid being prematurely removed from this simulation, I simultaneously realize that there is ultimately nothing to be afraid of in this simulated world.

What's to be afraid of, really? Most of the people who claim to have power in this world will be reduced to Hellish minions after their death. If you look at truly evil people in this world, you realize that those people have already doomed their souls in the real world beyond this one. They will suffer from the Hell they have brought upon themselves by living lives of deception. We who tell the truth are spiritual giants compared to those who gain false power through deception.

That's why never selling out is an absolutely must if you hope to pass the spiritual test of life. If you sell out to corporate interests or an evil agenda that suppresses freedom or health, you quite literally sell out your own soul far beyond this one lifetime. The phrase "eternal damnation" comes to mind...

On the issue of gun rights, by the way, all this helps explain why self defense is a divine right. We all deserve the right to prevent our souls from being prematurely removed from the simulation (i.e. being killed). Guns are simply tools that can help us defend our physical bodies so that our spiritual bodies can continue with their intended experiences in this reality. This is why those of high spirituality have traditionally carried swords and other weapons of self defense. Even Jesus recommend people carry swords for protection, even as they pursue spiritual awakening.

A gun defends the body so that the spirit can do its work, in other words. But that's only true if the use of gun is reserved for self defense only. To use a gun to commit unjustified violence against innocents is obviously a terrible sin and a catastrophic spiritual failure.

Conclusion: Has science proven the existence of God?

If all this science is true, it would mean that science has proven the existence of a Creator (as well as intelligent design).

This is certainly not the intention of science, as much of modern-day science seems to be dead-set against the idea of intelligent design. Yet even if the entire universe can be traced back to the Big Bang and Inflation Theory (with Inflatons) there is still the lingering question of "Who or what initiated the Big Bang?"

If you really look deeply into the laws of physics, by the way, you will discover that the so-called universal constants that drive the underlying mechanics and energies of our universe have been intricately fine-tuned precisely to give rise to a universe that can support biological life. Change one of these constants just slightly and stars don't form. Change another constant and the universe flings itself apart before life can form on any planets. These are at least six physical constants that appear to have been delicately tuned, selected or somehow "set" sort of like a universal control panel with properties and parameters.

There's an interesting book on this subject by science writer Paul Davies, by the way. It's called The Goldilocks Enigma: Why Is the Universe Just Right for Life? I've read most of it and recommend the book to other seekers who are looking for the deepest answers about the nature of reality and how it all came to be.

If you're interested in my own views on all this, read my article on The Higgs boson "God particle".

You may also enjoy reading my other website called www.DivinityNow.com where I post articles on consciousness, cosmology and philosophy.

{

Hoe vind je dit bericht?
Geschreven door peter om 19:31 Stuur door

Yet more evidence emerges that our universe is a grand simulation created by an intelligent designer

Yet more evidence emerges that our universe is a grand simulation created by an intelligent designer

MikeAdams.jpgby Mike Adams, the Health Ranger

Universe
Beverly-Hills-MD-2-Nov-2016-MR.jpg
(NaturalNews) There's a lot of buzz in the news about a new scientific study that statistically supports the idea that our known universe is actually a grand computer simulation. This is mainstream science, and the idea isn't a whacky as you might first suppose. I've actually written about this several times in articles about consciousness and the nature of reality. This news, by the way, also supports the idea of a Creator who brought this universe -- and everything in it -- into existence by design.

A new scientific paper published in arXiv and co-authored by Silas Beane from the University of Bonn reveals strong statistical evidence that our reality is, indeed, a grand computer simulation. The title of the paper is Constraints on the Universe as a Numerical Simulation.

Here's what it means in layman's terms

Here's the super easy way to understand all this. Your computer display screen has a finite number of pixels available, and this is called the "screen resolution" such as 1920 x 1440. This means there are 1920 pixels across and 1440 pixels vertically.

Everything you see on your computer screen must be drawn and depicted using these pixels, and nothing can be displayed that's only half a pixel. For example, you can't draw a vertical line on the screen that exists between the pixels that are hard-wired into the screen resolution. Everything you view on the monitor -- a computer game, a website, even a video -- is essentially transposed onto the "lattice" of pixels that exist in your hardware.

Your hardware, in effect, has a hard-wired "resolution limit" which defines the smallest size of any object that can be depicted on the screen.

Now, zoom out to the "real" world in which we live. Here in the real world, we think that there are no pixels and that we can move fluidly to any location we wish. We are not digitized being, we think; we're analog beings living in a fluid world without the pixelation of a computer screen, right?

Not so fast. As it turns out, our "reality" is also pixelated, just at a very fine resolution. This study out of Bonn revealed that the energy level of cosmic rays "snaps to" the "resolution" of the universe in which we live. The very laws of electromagnetic radiation, in other words, are confined by the resolution of the three-dimensional simulation we call a "universe."

The existence of this construct, if proven, also proves intelligent design by a conscious Creator who built the universe to begin with. This is the upshot of this scientific discovery that most scientists refuse to acknowledge. But the conclusion is inescapable: If our universe is a carefully-constructed simulation, then by definition there must have been a purpose behind its construction as well as a Creator who built it.

For the record, my personal belief is that the Creator set all the physical constants in the universe and then initiated the so-called "Big Bang" and let things play out from there. I do not believe our Creator "tinkers" with the universe at a micro level on a day-to-day basis. But I do believe there very well may have been individuals throughout history who found ways to "bend the rules" of the Matrix ever so slightly and thereby perform the very kind of miracles we see described in ancient texts.

"The structure of the underlying lattice"

The authors of this new paper describe their conclusion as following: "The numerical simulation scenario could reveal itself in the distributions of the highest energy cosmic rays exhibiting a degree of rotational symmetry breaking that reflects the structure of the underlying lattice."

This "underlying lattice" is what I'm describing as a "resolution" of our physical simulation.

There's other evidence of this, too: Plank's Constant, for example, is by itself yet more evidence that the physical universe in which we live is quantized to a particular resolution. In fact, even light behaves in a quantized manner, which is why "light packets" are called quanta.

Our universe, it turns out, is digital, not analog. Heck, even your DNA is digital, not analog. You are a digitized physical being imbued with a non-material consciousness that transcends this physical simulation. Realizing this is a lot like taking the red pill in The Matrix and being shown that the universe you thought was real is actually just a grand computer simulation.

Of course, once you grasp that we are living in a grand simulation, the next obvious question is: Who built it?

Intelligent Design

One obvious answer is that we built it! Not "we" the humans here on Earth, but rather the "we" which is a highly advanced civilization of seemingly supernatural beings with incomprehensibly powerful technology. We collectively built the simulation, the theory goes, and then agreed to selectively insert our consciousness into the simulation in order to have a "human life experience" on this planet. But that's only one possibility from all this.

Another possible answer is that HE built it. Who is He? He is God, our Creator. He is a consciousness with literal God-like powers who is omnipresent and all-powerful. He created our universe (i.e. designed and then launched the simulation) while providing a mechanism for free will consciousness to "wake up" inside the simulation in the bodies of newly-born beings. Upon death in the simulation, your consciousness leaves the simulation and returns to its source, which is the actual reality that transcends this one. This is possibly why people who have survived near-death experiences consistently report their experience as being a "hyper reality" that feels like it is "a thousand times more real than life on Earth."

For the record, I have always believed in a supernatural Creator of our universe; our God. I also believe -- and have good evidence -- that God is an all-loving being and that the overriding purpose of our existence in this universe is to express our free will and thereby have a self-aware experience which advances our knowledge of who we are. More details on this below...

What would be the purpose of intelligently designing a grand computer simulation?

If our universe was consciously created, then it must have been created for a purpose. In his book Proof of Heaven, near-death survivor Dr. Eben Alexander, a neurosurgeon, describes the purpose in great detail on page 48 of his book:

Through the Orb, [God] told me that there is not one universe but many -- in fact, more than I could conceive -- but that love lay at the center of them all. Evil was present in all the other universes as well, but only in the tiniest trace amounts. Evil was necessary because without it free will was impossible, and without free will there could be no growth -- no forward movement, no chance for us to become what God longed for us to be. Horrible and all-powerful as evil sometimes seemed to be in a world like ours, in the larger picture love was overwhelmingly dominant, and it would ultimately be triumphant.

The primary purpose of life in this realm, it seems, is to experience personal growth and learn how to overcome Evil. This explains why we all seem to be surrounded by so much evil on a day-to-day basis. We are drowning in evil precisely because our souls chose to be here and learn how to defeat it.

At the end of our Earthly lives, we are then judged on our performance. As I wrote in a previous article:

Upon our death, we are judged by a higher power, and that judgment takes into account our performance in these areas. Did we achieve a measure of self-awareness? Did we work to overcome evil? Did we express love and compassion and help uplift others with knowledge and awareness?

As you've probably already figured out, the vast majority of humans fail these tests. They die as bitter, selfish, substance-addicted, greed-driven minions of evil who mistakenly thought they were winning the game of life while, in reality, they were losing the far more important test of the Creator.


Looking around at our fellow human beings, you can't help but agree with my assessment that nearly everyone is failing the test. If we are here to overcome and resist evil, very few people are scoring very many points at all.

Having your consciousness attached to a human experience in this world seems to be the universal equivalent of "being thrown in the deep end" of Good vs. Evil. Making matters even more difficult, none of us is granted any sort of memory of why we are here and what we're supposed to do. We simply wake up as a newborn, and we have to figure things out for ourselves -- a challenge that often takes a lifetime. In fact, the achievement of "enlightenment" in a human lifetime is quite a remarkable feat by any measure.

What this means for your life

So what does all this mean in terms of the way you live your life here on Earth? If you believe the universe really is a grand simulation created by a higher power, then it forces you to rethink your philosophy on the purpose of life.

Some might say this is the perfect excuse to resort to selfish hedonism and turn your entire life into one vast entertainment parade. But that seems to be the wrong conclusion from all this, precisely because it ignores the importance of personal growth. I do not believe our universe is a childish playground; I believe it is a serious test of spiritual strength. You may or may not agree with all my points, but here's my philosophy on what to do with this realization:

#1) Don't chase material things that aren't even real in the first place. You are living in a simulation that's as un-real as an old 8-bit Atari computer game. Your focus on trying to collect money and wealth in this world is about as foolish as trying to collect gold coins in a role-playing computer game.

#2) Live your life to WIN the simulation. "Winning" means persistently working to defeat evil, demonstrate love and help awaken others. Rack up your "karma" points, so to speak. Because that's how you will be judged once your earthly life comes to an end.

#3) Know that your behavior is being watched, recorded and judged. There are ultimately no secrets. You will, in time, face judgment on all your actions, and it's even possible that an entire civilization of advanced Creators will review your actions with you. (This is what is often described by those who survive NDEs.) Your actions in this simulation are recorded on your soul for eternity, so make them count. Don't do anything your soul would feel ashamed of.

#4) Know that death is not final. What matters far more than staying alive on this planet is living your life with principle. Your decisions (ethics) survive your human life! I would rather die defending principles of love and enlightenment than compromise those principles to save my own skin in this simulation. Life is fleeting, but the record of your morals and behavior lasts forever. If all this starts to sound a little Biblical, that's because the Bible is, I believe, based in part on information provided to us by the Creator of our grand simulation.

#5) Realize that your consciousness is eternal and you almost certainly "agreed" to come here and experience this life as a spiritual test. With that in mind, do your best to achieve success within the test by demonstrating behavior based in high spiritual principles.

Why I'm not afraid to tell the truth

Once you grasp all this, you realize why I am not afraid to speak my mind and report the truth here on Natural News. People often ask me, "Aren't you afraid of being killed?" While I do take tactical precautions to avoid being prematurely removed from this simulation, I simultaneously realize that there is ultimately nothing to be afraid of in this simulated world.

What's to be afraid of, really? Most of the people who claim to have power in this world will be reduced to Hellish minions after their death. If you look at truly evil people in this world, you realize that those people have already doomed their souls in the real world beyond this one. They will suffer from the Hell they have brought upon themselves by living lives of deception. We who tell the truth are spiritual giants compared to those who gain false power through deception.

That's why never selling out is an absolutely must if you hope to pass the spiritual test of life. If you sell out to corporate interests or an evil agenda that suppresses freedom or health, you quite literally sell out your own soul far beyond this one lifetime. The phrase "eternal damnation" comes to mind...

On the issue of gun rights, by the way, all this helps explain why self defense is a divine right. We all deserve the right to prevent our souls from being prematurely removed from the simulation (i.e. being killed). Guns are simply tools that can help us defend our physical bodies so that our spiritual bodies can continue with their intended experiences in this reality. This is why those of high spirituality have traditionally carried swords and other weapons of self defense. Even Jesus recommend people carry swords for protection, even as they pursue spiritual awakening.

A gun defends the body so that the spirit can do its work, in other words. But that's only true if the use of gun is reserved for self defense only. To use a gun to commit unjustified violence against innocents is obviously a terrible sin and a catastrophic spiritual failure.

Conclusion: Has science proven the existence of God?

If all this science is true, it would mean that science has proven the existence of a Creator (as well as intelligent design).

This is certainly not the intention of science, as much of modern-day science seems to be dead-set against the idea of intelligent design. Yet even if the entire universe can be traced back to the Big Bang and Inflation Theory (with Inflatons) there is still the lingering question of "Who or what initiated the Big Bang?"

If you really look deeply into the laws of physics, by the way, you will discover that the so-called universal constants that drive the underlying mechanics and energies of our universe have been intricately fine-tuned precisely to give rise to a universe that can support biological life. Change one of these constants just slightly and stars don't form. Change another constant and the universe flings itself apart before life can form on any planets. These are at least six physical constants that appear to have been delicately tuned, selected or somehow "set" sort of like a universal control panel with properties and parameters.

There's an interesting book on this subject by science writer Paul Davies, by the way. It's called The Goldilocks Enigma: Why Is the Universe Just Right for Life? I've read most of it and recommend the book to other seekers who are looking for the deepest answers about the nature of reality and how it all came to be.

If you're interested in my own views on all this, read my article on The Higgs boson "God particle".

You may also enjoy reading my other website called www.DivinityNow.com where I post articles on consciousness, cosmology and philosophy.

{

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On this day in 1994, more than 60 people reported a Michigan UFO sighting

On this day in 1994, more than 60 people reported a Michigan UFO sighting

On this day in 1994 in West Michigan, flickering lights resembling Christmas lights or a string of airplanes flying close together were reported to authorities by several perplexed 911 callers. 

The UFO sightings and subsequent calls came in a frenzy on March 8, 1994 as these mysterious objects in the sky were described as flickering Christmas lights moving in frenetic fashion. Callers, almost second-guessing themselves at times, asked about low-flying planes, military activity and just about anything else they could think of. 

"I feel kinda silly calling," one caller says. "I don't know if you guys do anything on UFOs at all, but I got the real one," a more confident witness says. "They're out there. They ain't airplanes," another woman says in the dispatch recording. 

The reported UFO sightings grabbed national headlines, served as chatter for late night talk shows, radio shows, and even had its own History Channel special in 2008. While it's had its fair share of attention in 23 years, the incident remains one of Michigan's most head-scratching, unsolved mysteries. 

Videos compiling the 911 dispatch calls highlight the confusion, disbelief and natural second-guessing  between police and witnesses spread between Muskegon, Ottawa, Berrien and Allegan counties. 

In a call between police and the National Weather Service, an officer says "we've had about 60 UFO calls," to which the NWS operator audibly sighs and replies "Oh jeez."

The conversation that starts at around the six-minute mark in the video below begins as light-hearted and dismissive before the NWS operator takes a look at the radar.  

"Yeah, there's something big down there ... that's really strange," the NWS operator says in the call with police. "It's moving towards the west-southwest, looks like a big blob. It was up about 6,000-feet or so ... it disappears ... it's moving."

After a brief silence, the NWS operator says "I'm getting it now at about 12,000 feet, it's a pretty strong return. Oh my God what is this? Now I'm getting three of them and uh, there about separated by about 5,000 feet in height."

In describing the objects, the NWS operator says "I'm seeing three, they look like a triangle on my scope" one by South Haven, another over Lake Michigan, one east of Benton Harbor near Decatur, and a fourth appears while he's talking over Berrien County. 

"I've never seen anything like this, not even when I'm doing storms," the operator says. "These aren't storms." 

In the aftermath, researchers were able to say that, whatever it was, it wasn't a small plane, gas, a blimp, weather balloon, satellite, shooting stars, military aircraft or debris, the Chicago Tribune reports in 1995. 

The passionate phenomenon of UFO sightings and seekers has been around for decades, fueled by stories eye-witness accounts, including the famous story of a spacecraft that reportedly crashed in the New Mexico desert in 1947.

UFO season? Three more flying objects reported in three days in Genesee County

UFO season? Three more flying objects reported in three days in Genesee County

Feeling like you're approaching the final frontier, Genesee County?

Word of photographer's image of suspected UFO reaches president's desk

Word of photographer's image of suspected UFO reaches president's desk

Something possibly in the Flint-area's nighttime skies caught the interest of federal authorities in 1960.

UFO? Watch reader's video of unidentified flying object in Grand Blanc area

UFO? Watch reader's video of unidentified flying object in Grand Blanc area

Jeff Holko doesn't know exactly what he captured on video Tuesday, but the 23-year-old township man is open to suggestions for something he can't otherwise explain.

{ http://www.mlive.com/news/ }
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Inside NASA’s daring $8 billion plan to finally find extraterrestrial life

Inside NASA’s daring $8 billion plan to finally find extraterrestrial life

A congressman, a billionaire movie director, and an unparalleled mission of discovery.

Europa1-800x686.jpg
Enlarge / Artist's concept of the Europa lander. Note the sample arm in the foreground with a rotary cutter.
NASA/JPL-Caltech

DEEP IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM—A darkness has spread over the grim, airless field of ice that threatens to swallow us. Night has come to the nightmare glacier. But then we see the shiny spacecraft, with its four gangly legs extending outward to find purchase on the jagged ice. Within, scientific instruments begin to blink on, one by one. Soon, they will start sniffing for any hint of life on this most alien and mysterious of worlds in the Solar System: the Jovian moon Europa.

Through the HoloLens each of us wears, we watch this simulation of what might happen about 15 years from now on the icy, forbidding moon. The otherworldly illusion is shattered when a voice booms out; it's John Culberson, a conservative Republican politician from Texas. He wants to know what happens if one of the blinking instruments fail. Not to worry, he is told, all of the spacecraft systems are redundant. “Good,” Culberson replies. “The immensity of what you’re doing is too important in human history. You don’t want to miss this chance.”

Europa truly does represent a singular chance. Crossing 800 million kilometers with a sizable, robust payload will require vast sums of money—there won’t be a second chance. But Europa represents a gamble in another sense, too. No one knows whether NASA will discover a frozen, dead world far from the Sun or if the organization will make the most profound of discoveries just below the ice.

During the last decade, NASA has recast its human and robotic space exploration programs around the search for life both in our Solar System and beyond. Much of this effort has focused on Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and may have harbored life in the past. Culberson has pushed the agency further to seek extant life. He and a lot of scientists believe the best place to find extraterrestrial life in the Solar System lies in deep oceans below Europa’s inhospitable surface.

During the last five years, Culberson has bull-headedly shoved about half a billion dollars through Congress to give NASA’s elite planetary probe scientists and engineers a chance to land on Europa. Now, in late February, he has come to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, in the hills just north of Los Angeles, to visit the wizards here who conceived the Voyager spacecraft, developed Cassini and Galileo, and landed Curiosity on Mars. What progress, he wondered, had they made toward teasing out the secrets of Europa?

culbersonr.jpg

US Rep. John Culberson left, and famed director James Cameron, right, during the briefings at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in late February.
 NASA/JPL-Caltech

Quite a lot, actually. During more than five hours of briefings in “Left Field,” a room named for its encouragement of ideas out of left field, scientists and engineers explained to Culberson how they plan to tackle the challenges of landing on Europa. A year ago they weren’t even certain it could be done, but now they’re increasingly confident.

“We’ve looked at most of the things that used to really bother us,” said Dara Sabahi, a lead engineer on the project. “There were a lot of gotchas, but today I can say that—and I don’t say this lightly—we are confident we can make this work. I believe the technologies are in reach, and the risks that bothered us are manageable.”

Notably, the JPL team thinks it has solved the vexing problem of planetary protection, the concern that any stray microbes from Earth could contaminate Europa’s ecosystem. The solution has come straight out of the pages of science fiction—the lander mission will be the first interplanetary spacecraft to carry a self-destruct mechanism.

Before launch, the spacecraft’s exterior will bake at high temperatures to remove all contaminants, while the delicate scientific instruments inside are shielded. Then after the spacecraft reaches Europa and finishes its work, an incinerator will burn the scientific innards at 500 degrees Celsius. “What a glorious way to go out after discovering life for the first time on another world,” Culberson says, approvingly.

Life

Of all the myriad, multicolored balls of gas, dust, rock, and ice that spin around the Solar System, Europa offers the greatest extremes within just a few kilometers—from highly lethal on the surface to potentially lush below. Few worlds are as infernal on the surface as Europa, where the area sits utterly exposed to the vacuum of space and ever marinates in the deadly radiation of Jupiter. And yet, this same radiation may be critical for life in the oceans below.

As ionizing radiation from Jupiter’s magnetosphere strikes the water ice on the surface of the moon, it breaks down water molecules into hydrogen and an OH molecule. Over time, these OH molecules combine to form hydrogen peroxide. One of the scientists who spoke to Culberson, Kevin Hand, has a lab in which he has created an extremely cold, irradiated environment like that on the Jovian moon. With this “Europa in a can” experiment, he has found that hydrogen peroxide on the surface decays into hydrogen and oxygen.

Although the hydrogen molecules are light enough to escape into space—Europa has one-seventh the Earth’s gravity—the oxygen molecules remain on the surface. Europa’s surface age appears to vary between about 10 million and 100 million years old. This means some process resurfaces the top of Europa, periodically subducting the ice shell into the ocean. “We’ve done some calculations on how much oxygen is being delivered into the oceans below, and it’s not too hard to get Europa’s ocean oxygenated to a level where you could start supporting multicellular life, if not more,” Hand said.

The subglacial Lake Vostok, beneath the continent of Antarctica, may offer an analog of sorts for life in Europa's ocean.
The subglacial Lake Vostok, beneath the continent of Antarctica, may offer an analog of sorts for life in Europa's ocean.
NASA

Scientists must work with limited data, because the one NASA probe that studied Jupiter and its moon system extensively, Galileo, didn’t prioritize the ice-covered world. But from Galileo’s data, scientists estimate the ice shell may be a few kilometers to a few tens of kilometers thick. Below that, an ocean probably extends more than 100km down, and scientists anticipate that Europa harbors more water than all of the oceans, lakes, rivers, and glaciers on Earth combined.

The external pull of Jupiter’s gravity tugs on the core of Europa, and this tidal flexing provides a source of internal heat. It seems likely that structures similar to hydrothermal vents, which on Earth support thriving colonies of life, line the bottom of the ocean. So Europa has oxygen, energy, and lots of water. Certainly, no one expects to find whales, sharks, or other large sea creatures in Europa’s oceans. Chemosynthetic microbes seem far more likely, but really, we have no idea.

Culberson, of course, believes the chance of life existing on Europa is not only high, but he believes that there may well be more advanced life forms. During a discussion of the potential for plumes outgassing from the ocean below and lander sites, he offered the following suggestion to the mission’s science team. “I want you to land where it’s going to snow krill down on your head,” he enthused.

A prudent, but costly, pathway

Europa will not give up its secrets easily or cheaply. Two years ago, engineers at the lab proposed a complex mission that combined a small lander along with a mission that would make multiple flybys. Eventually, the engineers decided this was too much for a single mission—too heavy, too risky, and ultimately not enough of a scientific payload.

Moreover, planetary scientists wanted time to extensively study data collected by a flyby spacecraft, which is now known formally as the Europa Clipper. This would allow them to find an ideal place to land on the moon, whether near plumes (if they do, indeed, exist as some Hubble Telescope observations suggest), “fresh” ice, or other areas of interest to maximize the chance of finding life with a lander. This is the prudent pathway preferred by NASA, with a flyby mission before a lander so the agency won’t be flying blind. And Clipper will provide an amazing set of eyes, flying to within 25km of the surface in long, looping orbits and returning images with a resolution of up to one-half meter per pixel. By comparison, even the best images of Pluto captured by New Horizons were about 70 meters per pixel.

The Hubble Space Telescope has found evidence of plumes emanating from Europa, but nothing definitive.
The Hubble Space Telescope has found evidence of plumes emanating from Europa, but nothing definitive.
NASA

Prudence has a cost, however. Clipper remains on target to launch five years from now, and it's budgeted to cost $2.7 billion in real year dollars. That price tag does not include the launch vehicle and a few other expenses. Total costs, therefore, will reach as much as $3 billion to $4 billion for the flyby mission; the lander will come in a second mission. This has caused some consternation in the planetary science community. While exploring Europa rates atop their “wish list” for planetary exploration, does the icy moon deserve two flagship missions?

Moreover, some scientists wonder whether Clipper could itself find signs of life. It will certainly look, but generally the odds of finding life on Europa, if it exists, will be significantly higher if a spacecraft lands and makes in situ measurements. “The most important goal is searching for life,” Hand said. “That is admittedly extremely hard to do with remote sensing.” Even if Clipper got lucky and could sample plumes, it might collect nanoliters of material. As a baseline, the lander mission will collect and investigate five samples of seven milliliters each, a million times more material. Finding life, therefore, will almost certainly require testing the ice.

The Clipper will serve another purpose, too: testing technology needed for the lander. When the second Europa mission launches in 2024 or 2025, the lander spacecraft will carry a module similar to the Clipper called the “carrier,” which will serve as a communications relay between the lander and NASA’s deep space network.

Because the carrier will derive from Clipper hardware, the JPL engineers estimate the total cost of flying it will be about the same as the Clipper despite the lander spacecraft's larger size. That means another $3 billion to $4 billion, so all told getting to Europa and examining its surface will cost NASA, and the US government, as much as $8 billion.

“This will be tremendously expensive,” Culberson acknowledged. “But worth every penny.”

Even for the powerful chairman of the Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies subcommittee of House Appropriations, this is a lot of money. Even now, during the planning and early hardware development phase of both the flyby and lander missions, the money is starting to add up. For fiscal year 2018, alone, Culberson will need to find $495 million to continue moving both missions along. Instead of cutting other missions from NASA’s planetary science budget, he wants to sell Europa to his colleagues on Capitol Hill as a worthy addition. For that, he has a plan.

PIA00502.jpg

A false-color composite image of Europa. These images from Galileo have tantalized scientists, and Culberson, for more than a decade.

 NASA/JPL/DLR

A messianic zeal

Culberson’s passion for Europa can be traced to roots in both family and faith. As a child in the 1960s, he and his brother read popular science magazines, built telescopes, and shot off model rockets in Houston as nearby Johnson Space Center planned and flew the Gemini and Apollo programs. The gee-whiz in his attitude toward science is genuine, but it only partly explains his passion for Europa. To understand his messianic zeal for the cause is to know that the congressman believes God created the universe, filled it with life, and called John Abney Culberson to help reveal its majesty.

After the Europa briefings in late February continued through a working lunch, Culberson joined another politician, Adam Schiff, for a town hall at JPL to rally the scientists and engineers there. It was easy to understand Schiff’s presence. The democratic House member’s district includes La Cañada Flintridge, where JPL is based.

But Culberson? He represents a well-to-do west Houston district. By all rights, he should most concern himself with Johnson Space Center, where the astronauts train. And while Culberson professes an interest in human spaceflight, he clearly feels more at home at JPL and visits the California center often.

The Houston congressman drove this point home during one session devoted to the Clipper mission. The project’s manager, Barry Goldstein, flashed a standard slide that NASA always prepares for a politician—a map of the United States with dots on it to represent all the field centers, businesses, and academic centers involved in a project. About half of the states were represented so far in the flyby mission. “Our goal is to try and populate at least the contiguous 48 states,” Goldstein explained. “I doubt we’ll get that far, but we’re making pretty good progress.”

Culberson interrupted him. Texas only had two stars, one in Austin for the University of Texas and one for the Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio. Nothing in Houston; Johnson Space Center wasn’t involved. Was he mad? Not exactly. “That’s always good, but you’ve got to remember that I’m very different,” he said. “I don’t think of NASA as a jobs program. It’s a strategic national asset, essential for the human spirit.”

Perhaps this sounds like bluster. But if NASA really goes to Europa and lands there, it seems entirely possible that not a penny of the $8 billion will get spent in Culberson’s district, perhaps not even in the entire Houston area.

Selling Europa

Other politicians concern themselves a great deal more about such on-the-ground benefits. US representatives and senators from Alabama and Florida care a lot about NASA’s big Space Launch System rocket, which is being designed and developed at Marshall Space Flight Center in Alabama and will launch from Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Culberson’s counterpart in the Senate, the chairman of the Appropriations subcommittee over NASA’s budget, is Richard Shelby, an Alabama Republican.

A few years ago Culberson began insisting that the mission to Europa launch on an SLS rocket. It is defensible to say that such a launch brings value, in that the powerful SLS rocket will get a spacecraft to Jupiter far more quickly than any other booster. But there is a more pragmatic reason. Culberson needs Shelby’s agreement on NASA’s budget, and Shelby needs missions for the SLS rocket. As it turns out, more than just about any other conceivable mission, Europa justifies the costly SLS.

The Juno spacecraft, weighing about 3.5 tons, launched in 2011 on top of an Atlas V rocket. It reached Jupiter almost five years later. The Clipper spacecraft weighs 6 tons, and the Block 1b variant of the SLS will throw it to Jupiter in just 2.7 years, directly, with no gravity assists. The lander mission will weigh even more than the Clipper, and still it will reach Jupiter in less than five years.

Arguably, the lander can’t be done without the SLS. Sitting on the launch pad, a Block 1b version of the SLS rocket will weigh 3,000 tons. That is “wet mass,” as most of the weight is liquid hydrogen and oxygen propellants. The spacecraft represents just a tiny fraction of the overall mass, a few tons. Of this, the lander preliminarily weighs a mere 477kg, or 0.016 percent of the launch mass. The scientific payload is about a tenth of that. Put another way, the rocket will expend 99.999 percent of its mass to get a handful of scientific instruments onto Europa.

With SLS, the scientists get their data faster. The Congressional contingents from Alabama and Florida are happy, too, because their booster shines. And Culberson gets much needed Senate support for his expensive quest to find life on a frigid moon deep in the Solar System.

Git 'r done

Culberson had hoped the lander mission might be ready to launch just a year after Clipper, in 2023, but during the February briefings the JPL engineers cautioned that they needed extra time to develop the incinerator for planetary protection, as well as other new technologies. With enough funding, 2024, or more likely 2025, was doable. Culberson can live with these kinds of delays.

“When it comes to the designing and building of the spacecraft, I will not push you guys—OK, maybe a gentle push—because I want you to get this right,” the native Texan said. “But I won’t tolerate delays from Washington. I’m going to continue beating on the bureaucrats. That’s what I do for a living. So don’t rush, but git ’r done.”

For several years this has been the reality of the relationship between Culberson, NASA headquarters, and JPL, which takes its direction from Washington. Several times during the February briefings, he asked the scientists and engineers whether NASA HQ had been responsive, helpful, and moved expeditiously. Of late, it had. Whereas Culberson had a fractious relationship with former NASA Administrator Charles Bolden, who dragged his feet on a Europa mission, he says acting administrator Robert Lightfoot has been “extremely supportive.” Later, Culberson told me he has been meeting with Trump administration officials, including Vice President Mike Pence, to ensure their support.

The long-term future of the two missions seems at least moderately secure. True, Culberson’s deep red Republican district, which he’s represented since 2001, has trended a little bit blue during recent years. But the Tea Party Republican still managed to handily defeat two primary opponents who came at him from the right in 2016, and he won the general election by a margin of 56 to 44.

If he can continue winning elections, Culberson has four more years as chairman of the NASA budget subcommittee and then he might be in line to chair the full Appropriations committee. This is important, because while the flyby mission is now far enough down the line in development to be on fairly secure footing, the lander mission remains vulnerable without his full backing and proselytizing in Congress.

Living fast, dying young

The lander will undoubtedly find a sterile world, at least at first. A pristine microbe, even if it were accustomed to a vacuum and temperatures just 100 Celsius degrees above absolute zero, would die in days to weeks from Jupiter’s ionizing radiation. But scientists believe markers of life in the oceans below would show up on the surface, especially if the spacecraft lands in the right location.

By burrowing down just 10cm below the surface, the lander will reach an area where the effects of radiation are negligible, increasing the odds of finding fragments of life. To this end, the Europa lander’s sampling arm will come equipped with a “cutter,” essentially a small rotary saw. At Europa’s surface temperature, the ice is considerably harder than granite, so engineers have tested 35 different blade types on 25 different surfaces, including several variations of cryogenic ice, and powered them with three different drive trains.

Europa2.jpg
An artist's concept of Europa's surface and deep ocean. This gallery shows how the lander will arrive, obtain samples, and potentially find habitable regions.
 Europa Lander Science Definition Team Report

The nominal surface mission will last 20 days, with the scientific instruments protected within a radiation-hardened case. Ultimately, the mission’s length will be determined by the batteries on board, which have a capacity of 45kWh. (A MacBook Pro operating at full capacity, 24 hours a day, would consume about that much energy in a month.)

This should provide plenty of time for the collection of five samples. A recently released report from the lander mission’s science definition team, led by Hand, goes into detail about the various instruments on board, from a microscope capable of seeing cells down to 0.2 microns to two kinds of spectrometers that will corroborate any evidence of life. An “announcement of opportunity” for scientists to submit proposals to build the instruments should come this August, with a final selection in May 2018.

In addition to searching for life, the lander will have two other secondary missions. It will attempt to characterize the habitability of the oceans below from factors such as the chemistry of the water to the thickness of the ice shell. The lander will also determine the physical characteristics of the world in order to inform future expeditions, including a penetrator that may attempt to reach the ocean. Culberson seemed pleased: “We’re living fast. We’re dying young. And getting a lot of great science done.”

A secret weapon

Thanks to the ominous warning in Arthur C. Clarke’s novel, 2010: Odyssey Two, much of the science and technical community shares Culberson’s fascination with Europa. But for the general public, the icy moon remains largely an unknown. Eight billion dollars to peck at the ice on some moon around Jupiter? What is the sense of that? As he works on his peers in Congress, Culberson will eventually have to convince Joe the Plumber, Ken Bone, and the rest of America about the relevance of Europa, too.

For this mission, he has a secret weapon. During the briefings at JPL, Culberson brought a friend with him, the famed Director James Cameron. The two men share an interest in exploring the depths of oceans, and periodically Cameron peppered the JPL presenters with questions about batteries, the chemistry of Europa’s ocean, and so forth. But mostly, he came as Europa’s storyteller-in-chief. “If you want to talk to the world, this man knows how to do it,” Culberson said of his friend. It’s true in some sense. Titanic and Avatar are the two highest-grossing movies of all time.

At one point during the presentation, Hand displayed the cover of the report written by the lander team, which depicts the spacecraft at rest on Europa with Jupiter rising lustrously above the horizon. It recalled the iconic Apollo 8 image of Earth rising above the Moon, which helped sell the lunar landing program to the American public. “You need to do that picture,” Cameron interjected. “It should be a given. You want that picture, about 30 degrees above the horizon. It’s mandatory.”

The iconic "Earth rise" image taken during the Apollo 8 mission.
Enlarge / The iconic "Earth rise" image taken during the Apollo 8 mission.
NASA

Hand noted that since Europa is tidally locked to Jupiter, only half of the moon ever sees the gas giant. You really wouldn’t want to constrain your landing site just for a photograph, he explained.

“It had better be a damn interesting landing site,” Cameron retorted. After this exchange, the group of scientists and engineers inside Left Field laughed. During that moment, Cameron turned to whisper to Culberson. “Nobody ever likes to hear that stuff," the director said. "But it’s what sells this kind of program.”

From the congressman’s nod back to his friend, it seemed pretty clear that the most important person in the world when it comes to exploring Europa had heard Cameron’s message. Loud and clear.

{ https://arstechnica.com/ }
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SFU professor finds paranormal investigators are just like us

SFU geography professor Paul Kingsbury poses in Vancouver Police Museum's morgue before a paranormal investigation.

RESEARCH

SFU professor finds paranormal investigators are just like us

By Wan Yee Lok

In the last couple of years, SFU geography professor Paul Kingsbury has hunted ghosts, attended UFO conferences and interviewed alien abductees as a part of his research on paranormal investigators.

On Mar. 15, he will share his preliminary findings at SFU President's Faculty Lecture on Investigating Paranormal Investigators: The Lived Spaces of UFO, Ghost and Sasquatch Research Organizations.

In anticipation of his lecture, Kingsbury gives SFU News a brief overview of his research:

What have you discovered about paranormal investigators so far?

Paranormal investigators are just like anyone else in terms of their socio-economic backgrounds, education levels or psychological well-being. Most of them have had profound paranormal experiences and simply strive to learn more. They are driven by passion and do not charge money for their investigative services.    

Why did you decide to study paranormal investigators?

I wanted to choose a topic that will keep me fascinated, and was inspired by an opinion piece in the Globe and Mail. The article criticized how National Geographic TV was showing ancient alien shows and UFO hunter shows. The writer was concerned the shows could damage children’s understanding of the world. I did not entirely agree with the writer because, as a cultural geographer, it is important to acknowledge how aliens and ghosts are significant cultural phenomena and matter a lot in many people’s lives. That’s when I figured I would really like to study the lived spaces of paranormal investigators and find out what drives them to do what they do.    

What is a highlight in your research so far?

During a UFO conference in Arizona, I interviewed a person who claimed he was abducted by aliens. He recalled the abduction occurred in his flat in London. His cat was petrified at something outside the window and jumped down all flights of the cat tree, something cats never do. He then remembered elevating and floating down the hallway, up the staircase and into his bedroom. He experienced an emotion that was off the charts, beyond love, pain, anger and fear. His memory then dissolved and he recalled seeing a being with a strawberry face. Paranormal investigators have observed that aliens often implant what Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud called “screen memories” into the abductees’ minds, which are strange images that attempt to hide or distort the traumatic memory of their actual visible features or to confuse the experience for abductees.

Do you believe in paranormal phenomena?

I always get this question about belief. Personally, I’ve never had a direct experience with the paranormal in terms of UFOs, Sasquatch or ghosts. I am open to the possibility there are things that are beyond the known laws of nature or normal scientific understanding. My research does not try to prove or disprove the existence of paranormal occurrences but rather discover what motivates paranormal investigators to continue their work, as well as how they conduct it in various field sites and conference settings.    

Event details:

When: Wednesday, Mar. 15, 2017 at 5:30 p.m.
Where: Room 2600, SFU’s Surrey Campus, 250 – 13450 102nd Ave.
Cost: This event is free, but requires you to RSVP. (https://www.sfu.ca/publicsquare/upcoming-events/president-s-faculty-lecture-series/sfu-president-s-faculty-lectures-series-paul-kingsbury.html )

SFU geography professor Paul Kingsbury at the International UFO Congress.
A photo taken during a paranormal investigation at the Vancouver Police Museum.
A photo taken at a Mutual UFO Network (MUFON) Field Investigators Training Seminar.

{ http://www.sfu.ca/main.html }

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MIB, Shadow People, and the Philadelphia Experiment

MIB, Shadow People, and the Philadelphia Experiment

As someone who writes books, gives lectures, and posts articles here at Mysterious Universe, I get a lot of feedback. For the most part, it comes from people who want to share their experiences, ask questions, or offer their opinions on the things I have written about. Occasionally, however, I’ll find myself on the receiving end of a communication (or several) from someone claiming an “Insider”-type background. A whistle-blower, in other words. It doesn’t happen as often as more than a few have assumed. I don’t get asked to meet people “in the know” in underground parking areas at midnight. And, I have never been invited to view a bunch of dead aliens held in a secure, fortified bunker. And…well, you get the picture.

There have, however, been a few occasions when my path has crossed with that of enigmatic characters whose backgrounds did indeed place them in the world of certain, covert activities – all connected to UFOs, in one way or another. This occurred most graphically when I was researching and writing my books, On the Trail of the Saucer Spies, Body Snatchers in the Desert, and Final Events. But, Body Snatchers was published back in 2005, Saucer Spies in 2006, and Final Events in 2010. In other words, more than quite a while ago. Beyond that, and aside from the occasional tidbit, I really don’t get “Deep Throat”-type figures knocking on my door.

But, just a few days ago, it happened again. In this case, it came in the form of a “Unknown Caller” phone-call in the early afternoon. The elderly man at the other end of the line said that he had read my books Men in Black and Women in Black and wanted to share something relevant. It all revolved, he said, around the notorious Philadelphia Experiment of 1943. So, before I got on with the story, here’s a bit of background on that controversial event (or non-event, depending on your opinion).

Back in 1955, Morris K. Jessup’s book, The Case for the UFO, was published. It was a book that delved deeply into two key issues: (a) the theoretical power-source of UFOs, and (b) the utilization of the universal gravitational field as a form of energy. Not long after the publication of the book, Jessup became the recipient of a series of extremely strange missives from a certain Carlos Miquel Allende, of Pennsylvania. In his correspondence, Allende (a very unreliable and discredited figure) commented on Jessup’s theories. He also gave details of an alleged secret experiment conducted by the U.S. Navy in the Philadelphia Naval Yard in October 1943. Thus was born the highly controversial saga of what has become known as the Philadelphia Experiment.

According to Allende’s incredible tale, during the experiment a warship was rendered optically invisible and teleported to – and then back from – Norfolk, Virginia in a few minutes. The incredible feat was supposedly accomplished by applying Albert Einstein’s never-completed Unified Field theory. Allende elaborated that the ship used in the experiment was the DE 173 USS Eldridge; and, moreover, that he, Allende, had actually witnessed one of the attempts to render both the ship and its crew invisible from his position out at sea on-board a steamer called the SS Andrew Furuseth.

If Allende was telling the truth, then the Navy had not only begun to grasp the nature of invisibility, but it had also stumbled upon the secret of teleportation of the type demonstrated years later – in fictional, on-screen format – in The Fly. On these very matters, Allende made the disturbing claim that the experiment rendered many of the crew-members as mad as hatters. Others, supposedly, vanished from the ship while the test was at its height, never to be seen again. Others reportedly suffered horrific and agonizing deaths.

For the record, I don’t believe at all that a number of the crew were plunged into the future – that’s just complete rubbish. Nor do I believe that, for years afterwards, the surviving sailors would briefly vanish from view, then return from their states of temporary invisibility. But, I am open to the possibility that perhaps some kind of experiment may have gone ahead. It may have provoked bizarre hallucinations and made it appear as if extremely strange things were afoot on the ship. We’re talking about a far more down to earth experiment, but which had unforeseen effects on the minds of a very small number of the crew. Why I think that is something I will discuss in another article, in the next couple of weeks.

All of which brings us back to the matter of Mr. “Unknown Caller.” Like me, he had no time for the teleportation- or time-travel-based scenarios. But, what he did believe was certainly as controversial. Perhaps, even more so. He claimed that in the early 1980s he was given the opportunity to read U.S. Navy files that told the “real” story of the Philadelphia Experiment. He was extremely cagey on verifiable facts (no surprises there, I have to say…), but maintained that the experiment had a bearing on the aforementioned MIB and Women in Black. I asked: “In what way?”

His reply was that the experiment – the precise nature of which he would not comment on – created what he called “a shift” that allowed those aboard to see certain things that, in a normal state, they, you and I would not see. But, which are supposedly around us all the time. We’re talking about the MIB, WIB and even what have become popularly known in recent years as the Shadow People. So the tale went, the stories of crew-members vanishing, or becoming fused into the metal of the ship itself, were very wide of the mark. They were, I was assured, wildly distorted accounts of the crew seeing MIB, WIB and Shadow People walking through walls, becoming invisible, and then reappearing. But, that it didn’t take long before the “truth” of the matter became a tale of vanishing sailors.

The man claimed – even more controversially – that this event marked the first moment when the U.S. Government became aware of the Men in Black phenomenon. Well, as I see it, replacing a story of time-traveling sailors with a saga of MIBs – whose existence was revealed on-board the USS Eldridge – doesn’t make the picture any less controversial. And particularly so when no evidence for this strange tale is offered. On more than a few occasions, the information provided to me by such characters does prove to be legitimate. With regard to this story, however, I’m not holding my breath.

 TAGS: MIB, Philadelphia Experiment, shadow people

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ } 

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NASA Wants to Build a Giant Shield for Mars

NASA Wants to Build a Giant Shield for Mars

Those who scoffed at the idea of a Dyson sphere being built around Tabby’ Star (KIC 8462852) may wish they had saved some of their disbelief and indignation for this story. NASA is seriously proposing the idea of building a planet-sized shield for Mars. Unlike a Dyson sphere, this structure would not create fuel for aliens but instead create an atmosphere for humans. Good idea or pie in the Martian sky?

Hasn’t this been tried before?

In a paper presented at the Planetary Science Vision 2050 Workshop 2017 held last week in Washington DC, NASA engineers in the Planetary Science Division proposed building a magnetic shield above Mars to replace the magnetic field it lost billions of years ago. When that happened, the door was opened for the Martian atmosphere to escape, water to dry up and temperature to drop. Division Director Jim Green says an “artificial magnetosphere” between Mars and the Sun could potentially bring back an atmosphere, melt ice into water and return the red planet to tropical (or at least warmer) temperatures.

This situation then eliminates many of the solar wind erosion processes that occur with the planet’s ionosphere and upper atmosphere allowing the Martian atmosphere to grow in pressure and temperature over time.

The shield would be placed in space at the L1 Lagrange point where the equal gravitational forces of Mars and the sun would hold it in place. Simulations show that once the shield is up, Mars would regain as much as half the atmospheric pressure of Earth in a matter of years and could be habitable for humans in a few generations.

This sounds like something thought up in a HAARP weather-control lab and Green makes a point to assure that it’s not.

This is not terraforming as you may think of it where we actually artificially change the climate, but we let nature do it, and we do that based on the physics we know today.

Before and after?

So it’s not artificial – except for that manmade magnetic shield out in space. On the positive side, it sounds better than Elon Musk’s idea for raising the temperature on Mars: “Drop thermonuclear weapons over the poles.”

Of course, all of this is still theoretical on a planetary scale but it’s in development on the spaceship level. Scientists at CERN (when the subject is weather control, these guys seem to show up right behind HAARP) are said to be working in collaboration with the European Space Radiation Superconducting Shield (SR2S) project on a superconducting magnetic shield made with magnesium diboride (MgB2) coils. The end product – a 10-meter-wide magnetic field 3,000 times stronger than Earth’s – is expected to be available in three years.

Let’s hope the Martian version gets built before Elon Musk lights his nuclear fuse.

 TAGS: CERN, Elon Musk, haarp, magnetic field, magnetic shield, mars, nasa, planetary science, weather control

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

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UFO fans reckon a massive alien ‘megaship’ just buzzed the Space Station

UFO fans reckon a massive alien ‘megaship’ just buzzed the Space Station

UFO fans reckon a massive alien ‘megaship’ just buzzed the Space Station

What appears to be an busload full of alien tourists may have just buzzed the Space Station – or at least UFO fans think so.

Boy, 18, decapitated mother and walked into the street holding her headMan 'decapitates his mother and carries her severed head into the street'

A video captured by tireless alien-hunter Streetcap1 shows what seems to be a long bright light hovering next to the Space Station.

Streetcap1 said, ‘I thought I was seeing things. I had to be quick.’

Tyler Glockner of UFO hunting site SecureTeam10 said, ‘We definitely see some anomalous objects, we have this very long cigar-shaped UFO. It’s unidentified, we don’t know what it is.’

‘Nasa likes to give us low res videos and keep the high resolution stuff to themselves.’

Such sightings actually happen with surprising regularity – and NASA has repeatedly said they’re just distortions in the lens, not alien craft parking at the ISS.

Nigel Watson, author of the UFO Investigations Manual says, ‘The constant ‘sightings’ of UFOs near the ISS are mainly due to reflections and space junk, and it is down to wishful thinking that images sent back from the space station are of alien craft.

YouTube / Streetcap1

‘The same applies to the enormous amount of alien artefacts and structures seen in images sent back from Mars.


{ http://metro.co.uk/news/ }

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Humming sound sends Texas witness outside to investigate

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Humming sound sends Texas witness outside to investigate

A Texas witness at Prosper reported hearing a humming sound that sent him outside to investigate where the entire sky lit up green for several seconds and a very bright, white light was seen several hundred feet in the air, according to testimony in Case 82205 from the Mutual UFO Network (MUFON) witness reporting database.

The witness first heard a humming sound that sent him outside to investigate. Pictured: Prosper, TX. (Credit: Google)

The witness first heard a humming sound that sent him outside to investigate. Pictured: Prosper, TX.

(Credit: Google)

The witness and his wife were in their bedroom after midnight on February 20, 2017, when the sound was first heard.

“We heard a low pitch, but still a very noticeable humming sound,” the witness stated. “The sound went on for about 10 minutes before we got up to see what was going on outside.”

The witness then discovered that his in-laws had both been awakened by the sound as well.

“We stood outside waiting for the sound and when we heard it, the entire sky lit up green for several seconds before fading away. My wife and father-in-law stood under the patio. I stepped out in the yard during the humming to look up. The entire sky was still green and several hundred feet above me was an extremely bright, white light.”

The humming sound was followed by the entire sky turning green. Pictured: Prosper, TX. (Credit: Google)

The humming sound was followed by the entire sky turning green. Pictured: Prosper, TX.

(Credit: Google)

The group had multiple sightings.

“My wife and I observed this once and my father-in-law observed it twice out of his window and once from the backyard. I have never seen anything like it. It simply made a humming sound, lit the entire sky up, and then stopped. Did all of this between 12:30-12:55 a.m. Confused and fascinated. I am still waiting, hoping the sound and lights will return so I can capture it on camera. It just disappeared.”

Texas MUFON Field Investigator Jeremy Galyon is investigating.

In an earlier report, a Texas witness at Lake Jackson reported a loud rumbling sound “like thunder” that shook the house and was followed by an unusual whining sound, according to testimony in Case 80863, that occurred on December 6, 2016. Texas MUFON State Section Director Charles Stansburge investigated this case and closed it as an Unknown.

“The case is completed as an Unknown with at least 100 or more people witnessing hearing this big boom with some homes shaking,” Stansburge reported. “As far as my conclusion is, that I don’t know what it is or what was it could have been, perhaps an atmospheric explosion of a meteorite, but nobody knows what it was.”

The witness also noticed a bright, white light hovering in the sky above. Pictured: Prosper, TX. (Credit: Google)

The witness also noticed a bright, white light hovering in the sky above. Pictured: Prosper, TX.

(Credit: Google)

Prosper is about 350 miles directly north of Lake Jackson.

Please remember that most UFO sightings can be explained as something natural or man-made. The above quotes were edited for clarity. Please report UFO activity to MUFON.com.

{ http://www.openminds.tv/ }

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Two UFO Sightings On East Coast Florida & New York, Very Similar, March 2017, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Two UFO Sightings On East Coast Florida & New York, Very Similar, March 2017, Video, UFO Sighting News.

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Date of sighting: 2-15-2017 and 3-3-2017
Location of sighting: Florida and New York, USA

Here are two great UFO sightings that are very similar and just a few weeks apart. Both occurred on the East coast, both occurred at night with numerous glowing objects spotted. 

Scott C. Waring

Eyewitnesses state:
First Video - Homestead, Florida - 02-15-17
This happened in Homestead, Florida in 2016, multiple reports suggest it was witnessed by a large number of people. I am an aircraft mechanic and I can't explain this video with all my years in aviation.

Second Video - Jamaica, NY - 03-03-17
I was in my room fixing my blinds and I look out my window as I normally do to see the moon. As usual I see these lights beaming from a distance. They aren't airplanes because I was see a couple of airplanes from a distance and at night and know they don't beam that bright nor big. I've noticed the objects many months before, but never really paid mind to them as I would continually think it's from the JFK airport. But JFK is a little more to the right side on the sighting. An airplane or helicopter can often be seen as JFK airport is somewhat down the line in that direction. I thought it might be motorbike headlights just flashing as if a tree is in front of it and the wind blows the leaves around. On the right side or the last beam of light on the right would continually drift off to the right and then appear a few seconds or minutes again. Honestly if it's a UFO, that would be such a wonderful yet amazing discovery due to me being into cosmology. It's still beaming as I type this, except only two lights now appear, with much distance from each other. To be honest you can't really see it clearly on the video I have provided, but oh my if you were standing where I am right now you would know what I mean.

{ http://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

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Former U.S. President George W. Bush Answers About Alien Disclosure Files

Former U.S. President George W. Bush Answers About Alien Disclosure Files

george-bush

Claims of a major cover-up plan have sprung up after former U.S. President George W. Bush refused to divulge his knowledge about alleged classified government UFO files while he was in office.
The former Republican President appeared on the Jimmy Kimmel talk show where he was asked about the top secret UFO files of the White House.

Alien disclosure activists have been saying that the White House has evidence of extraterrestrial visitations in Earth, but keep it secret because of fear of the potential impact of the rule of law and religion.

Kimel asked Bush about his knowledge of the secret UFO documents or if he had gone through them while still a president. However, the 43rd President of the United States showed reluctance to make a definite or committing statement.

When asked if he had gone through such documents, he just answered “maybe.” Bush, who was the American President for two terms from 2000 to 2008, then said he was providing nothing away even when he reached 90. It appeared that he would take the truth about aliens and UFOs to the grave.

Kimmel further pressed Bush if he would tell him what was in the secret files, but the Guest answered “no.”

Kimmel then told Bush that he could now do anything since he is no longer in the office. However, Bush replied that it is true, but still he is telling nothing about those files.

{ http://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

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Strange Lights In Korea Have People Talking Aliens And UFOs

Strange Lights In Korea Have People Talking Aliens And UFOs

korea-ufos

Strange columns of light disrupted the peaceful night sky. Over the last week, hundreds of residents complained about the light’s appearance. For three nights, the illumination settled over Busan, South Korea. With over 3.6 million people, the second-largest city in the country always has people staring at the sky. Video footage of the phenomenon has led to claims about UFOs and black holes.

{ http://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

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WIKILEAKS (2017) USA AT WAR WITH UFO'S IN ANTARCTICA

WIKILEAKS (2017) USA AT WAR WITH UFO'S IN ANTARCTICA

Wikileaks UFO Conspiracy, Is the United States at War with Extraterrestrials in Antarctica, Has the Government always known about the presence of alien life on earth, have they been in contact with them, or in a dispute. Will they ever really tell us, probably not, Wikileaks truth.

{ http://www.disclose.tv/ }

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The eruptions on dwarf planet Ceres may hold clues about extraterrestrial life

The eruptions on dwarf planet Ceres may hold clues about extraterrestrial life

Elana Glowatz 
 Posted with permission from International Business Times

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Bright spots on Ceres
(NASA photo)

Scientists are learning more about how the dwarf planet Ceres formed, with an eye on whether there could be extraterrestrial life there.

Until recently, a volcano on Ceres was erupting salty material from below the planet’s surface.

Well, it actually has been about 4 million years, but by our solar system’s standards that’s not all that long ago, especially considering that the crater in which scientists observed the evidence of that cryovolcanic activity is about 30 million years older, according to a study in the Astronomical Journal. For comparison, our solar system is almost 5 billion years old.

The Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research just announced the explosive finding, saying it means “Ceres is thus the body closest to the Sun that shows cryovolcanic activity.”

Read: Can the Dwarf Planet Ceres Support Life?

Experts could see the erupted material — which MPS referred to as “subsurface brine” and is mostly composed of mineral salts — in the dwarf planet’s Occator crater because it was brighter than everything else in the area, due to its youth. They analyzed data from a NASA space probe called Dawn that had been following Ceres along its orbit around the Sun and capturing images.

The information helps tell a story about how that part of Ceres formed, with a huge object crashing into the planet to create the 92-kilometer-wide Occator crater — but it also “triggered the later cryovolcanic activity,” MPS researcher Andreas Nathues said in the institute’s statement. With the impact, the brine moved up closer to the surface and eventually erupted.

This view of the Occator crater on dwarf planet Ceres shows the brightly colored pit in its center and the cryovolcanic dome. The jagged mountains on the edge of the pit throw their shadows on parts of the pit. Photo: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA

Those eruptions may not be over. “Whether the cryovolcanic activity has ceased completely or is ongoing on a lower level is still unclear,” MPS said. “Pictures of the crater showing haze when imaged at certain angles seem to speak for the latter.”

The crater’s 92-kilometer diameter is significant given the size of the entire dwarf planet: 939 kilometers across, according to the Astronomical Journal study. That makes it the “largest object in the main asteroid belt,” which is between Mars and Jupiter.

At its closest point to Earth, the asteroid belt is about as far from us as the Sun, and at its furthest point is about double that distance. So why should we care how Ceres formed? Based on its potential to hold water, scientists are trying to determine whether it could hold life. “Water is essential for life, so it's possible that with this ingredient and a few other conditions met, life could maybe exist there,” according to NASA. “Living things on Ceres, if they are there at all, would likely be very small microbes similar to bacteria. And while Ceres might not have living things today, there could be signs it harbored life in the past.”

See also:

Check Out the Ceres Ice Volcano

Water Ice Is All Over Ceres

{  http://www.rawstory.com/ }

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White Alien Base Found On Planet Mercury, March 2017, Photos, UFO Sighting News.

White Alien Base Found On Planet Mercury, March 2017, Photos, UFO Sighting News.

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Date of discovery: March 8, 2017
Location of discovery: Mercury
Source NASA photo:
I found this white alien base on the planet Mercury in NASA photos today. Its oval in shape and raised up several hundred meters high. On its top are several more dark buildings. Also below in one crater was a dark black long structures. The full photo is at the bottom of this post. The crater is about 10 miles across, making this one very large structure. Just something NASA doesn't want you to know. 
Scott C. Waring
 
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{ http://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

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UFOs Far Above Mountain In Las Vegas On Video, March 2017, UFO Sighting News.

UFOs Far Above Mountain In Las Vegas On Video, March 2017, UFO Sighting News.

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Date of sighting: March 2017
Location of sighting: Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
 
Here is a great video which shows some glowing UFOs over a mountain. Yes, I said over. As you can see above, the mountain is far below the UFOs. Many skeptics say they are motorcycles on a mountain...but since when do motorcycles fly? For the light to be this big, that UFO must be at least the size of a city bus. Outstanding catch bySteven Barone of Youtube, please click here to subscribe to his channel. He uploads 100% authentic and real UFOs every week. 
Scott C. Waring
 
Steven Barone states: 
I shot this video from my backyard in the Summerlin area of Las Vegas, Nevada on the night of March 6, 2017. Part of the reason I didn't comment while I was filming at the Air Force Base last night was because I was also busy using the Night Vision Monocular to film this. Two different events happened last night. Both events are very strange in how they ended. I am not sure what these are but both of them did something I can't explain. The first one was moving left and at the end went straight down. Once I lost it behind a neighbor's roofline I never saw it again. The next object had a very unusual flash to it so I followed it only to see at the end that it turned into two different objects. I honestly don't think that two conventional aircraft can fly so closely together that they appear to be a single aircraft. There might be good explanations for both of these events but I honestly can't think of any right now.
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Searching For Extraterrestrial Life: Are They Actually Present In Our Deep Biosphere? Clues Have Been Found

Searching For Extraterrestrial Life: Are They Actually Present In Our Deep Biosphere? Clues Have Been Found

Searching For Extraterrestrial Life: Are They Actually Present In Our Deep Biosphere? Clues Have Been Found

Searching For Extraterrestrial Life: Are They Actually Present In Our Deep Biosphere? Clues Have Been Found(Photo : Alexander Gerst / ESA via Getty Images)

Every Earth life relies either directly or indirectly on sunlight and an atmosphere with oxygen. But during the late 1970's, biologists have discovered Riftia pachyptila, chemosynthetic tube worms, that were living around black smoker vents at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean which was not far from the Galapagos Islands, which was also the birthplace of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection.

According to an article coming from Scientific American, during the early 1990's Bacillus infernus, a bacterium was discovered just 10,000 feet beneath a farmer's field located in Virginia, where it has been living for over 200 million years. Since then, entire ecosystems have been slowly uncovered that was residing miles beneath the surface and has sustained indefinitely by nothing more than the decaying of radiogenic thorium, uranium, and potassium.

With all of this life flourishing in underneath the Earth's very surface, any science junkie can't help but look at the images of ancient Martian surfaces and wonder if life has also existed beneath its frozen, desiccated surface. According to Portal to the Universe, more than a hundred years ago, American Businessman Percival Lowell believed that he could see evidence of an extraterrestrial civilization that previously lived on the surface of Mars, but that illusion, along with his scientific credibility, was dispelled within fifteen years of his discovery.

In 1901 H. G. Wells, who was a contemporary of Lowell, has also published The First Men in the Moon, in which he constructed an imaginary and fantastically-sophisticated society of insect-like creatures, called Selenites, that were living beneath the lunar surface. Since then, the entire concept of extraterrestrial life has figured frequently in science fiction novels and movies (e.g. Star Trek movies, etc.).

Until now, the search for Extraterrestrial life is still ongoing. Whether it be in novels, or on theories and assumptions that scientists and researchers made, people are constantly looking if a human actually has a companion in this universe.

SEE ALSO

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'Alien: Covenant' Update: New Trailer Is Mysteriously Terrifying To Watch

'Battlefield 1' Update: Latest Expansion Pack Details Revealed

'Pokémon Go' To Have Three More Massive Updates Planned For The Rest Of 2017

'Pokémon Go' Update: Niantic's Hit Game Passes 650 Million Downloads, New Event Coming To Celebrate Milestone

{ http://www.latinpost.com/ }

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'NASA dimmed the feed': 'Megaship' spotted by space station

'NASA dimmed the feed': 'Megaship' spotted by space station

NASA has been accused of dimming their live satellite feed after footage of a “megaship” was captured by an International Space Station.

VIDEO Spaceship like object captured by International Space Station camera. Source: YouTube/Streetcap1

A long 'cigar-shaped' UFO is seen hovering above the Earth's horizon with two bright reflective-objects sitting just below.

Whether it was an intergalactic spaceship full of extraterrestrial aliens, a reflection from a star or just a smudge on the camera lens, conspiracy theorists were always going to have a field day.

"I have monitored hundreds, likely thousands of hours of ISS live feed footage and I've seen UFOs, I've seen ice crystals, I've seen space debris and I've seen light reflections,” one UFO hunter posted.

'What we're seeing here looks like none of those. And it would appear that shortly after these objects come into view, NASA, either purposely, or the UFOs do it on their own, but the objects quickly dim out."

UFO_4.jpg The bizarre cigar-shaped UFO and reflective orbs have caused a stir amongst UFO conspiracy theorists. Source: NASA

“The dimming at the end was sudden and my guess is they [NASA] turned down the brightness a little,” another added.

It’s the second time in just months that NASA has been accused of altering vision after they completely shut down one live space station feed as a UFO began approaching.

A self-proclaimed alien hunter caused a stir when he declared that it had to be aliens because “nothing human can fly that high".

1488878077964-6001.jpg
Dr. Martens jusqu'à -75% de réduction

“I've been watching it [the live feed] for years but never seen any UFOs on it before,” UK resident John Craddick said.

"I was showing a friend how it worked at around 11.30pm when the feed cut out, and 35 seconds after it came back on, this object appeared.

VIDEO 'Nothing human can fly that high': NASA cuts live feed after 'UFO' spotted. Source: NASA

 { https://au.news.yahoo.com/ }

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Former President Bush Won’t Tell Jimmy Kimmel ‘Nuthin’ About UFOs

Former President Bush Won’t Tell Jimmy Kimmel ‘Nuthin’ About UFOs

In fact, Bush doesn’t even claim that there are no hidden UFO files.

When former President George W. Bush appeared on “Jimmy Kimmel Live” on Thursday, to promote his book, “Portraits of Courage,” Kimmel didn’t waste any time trying to get Bush to admit that he may have looked for and seen alleged secret government files on UFOs.

Kimmel began the “interrogation” by asking Bush “a question that’s very important to me and very important to the country. When you were in office, did you go through the secret files ― the UFO documents, because if I was president, that would be the first thing I did.”

Even before Kimmel finished asking the question, Bush immediately replied, “Maybe.” Then, he told Kimmel, “You know, it’s funny. My daughters asked the very same question.” When Kimmel asked if Bush would be allowed to tell his daughters what was in those files, the former commander-in-chief said “No.”

58bdb5a61a00003400f41e84.jpeg
JIMMY KIMMEL LIVE / YOUTUBE
Former Pres. George W. Bush discusses alleged secret UFO files with Jimmy Kimmel on March 2, 2017.

“Now that you’re out of office, you can do anything you want, right?” Kimmel pressed.

“True, yeah,” Bush said, adding, “But I’m not telling you.”

Kimmel: “You’re not telling me what? Are you not telling me that you looked at them?”

Bush: “I’m not telling you nuthin’!”

The brief UFO secret files portion of the conversation ended when Kimmel asked Bush if there were really great secrets that the former president knows that he can’t share with people. Bush confirmed it and indicated he would never divulge those secrets at any future point in his life.

This was hardly the first time that Kimmel has gone digging for UFO-alien revelations with presidential personalities on his show.

In 2014, President Bill Clinton told Kimmel that when he was the leader of the free world, he tried unsuccessfully to investigate what the government was hiding regarding UFOs. When Kimmel asked if he would have told the public had he found evidence of real aliens, Clinton smiled and said “Yeah.”

Then, in 2015, during a visit to Kimmel’s talk show, President Barack Obama ― in tongue-in-cheek fashion ― said “the aliens won’t let [disclosure] happen. You’d reveal all their secrets, and they exercise strict control over us. I can’t reveal anything.”

During Hillary Clinton’s 2016 bid for the White House, she made several comments throughout the year about her intent ― should she be elected president ― to make government UFO files available to the public.

“If there is something there, unless it’s a threat to national security, I think we ought to share it with the public,” she told Kimmel.

In the latest interview with America’s 43rd president, while it was obvious that Bush and Kimmel treated the UFO subject in a very lighthearted, friendly way, the former president never actually suggested there were no UFO files to be unearthed.

Kimmel’s determination to raise the UFO issue to previous occupants of the White House seems to leave one relevant interview target on the TV host’s radar: the current president of the United States.

Now that would be something to watch.

{ http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ }

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The Most Amazing Space Stories This Week!

The Most Amazing Space Stories This Week!

An artist's illustration of a crewed Dragon spacecraft in space.
Credit: SpaceX

A bold lunar goal, a near-miss at Mars, antimatter gets weird(er) and a mission to the sun — it's Space.com's best news stories of the week. 

Shoot for the moon

SpaceX founder and CEO Elon Musk announced Monday (Feb. 27) that his spaceflight company would carry two paying customers to the moon and back in late 2018, the first such visit since the Apollo era. The passengers would ride a Dragon spacecraft propelled by a Falcon Heavy rocket, and they'd loop past the moon and into deep space before returning to Earth. [Full Story: SpaceX to Fly Passengers On Private Trip Around the Moon in 2018]

Plus: SpaceX Could Beat NASA Back to the Moon 

Ring in the sky

Skywatchers in parts of South America and Africa witnessed a spectacular "ring of fire" eclipse last weekend, where the moon blocked all of the sun but a thin, bright ring of light. [Full Story: Moon Blocks (Most of) the Sun in 'Ring of Fire' Solar Eclipse]

See also: Moon's Shadow on Earth from 'Ring of Fire' Eclipse Seen from Space

Pluto's raw materials

The New Horizons probe flew by Pluto in 2015, and early studies suggest that the dwarf planet is more complicated than thought — in fact, it possesses possible organics, water and energy, which researchers consider the necessary ingredients for life. [Full Story: Does Pluto Have The Ingredients For Life?]

A Martian dodge

The Mars-orbiting MAVEN spacecraft changed course to avoid a projected collision with the strange Martian moon Phobos. The slight adjustment means the atmosphere-sniffing probe will safely pass by the moon March 6. [Full Story: NASA Spacecraft Avoids Collision with Martian Moon Phobos]

Keep shining on

A nearby massive star explosion first observed in 1987 continues to put out bright shockwaves in the sky, visible 30 years later. Researchers released images and time-lapse videos documenting its evolution. [Full Story: Historic Supernova Explosion Still Shines Bright After 30 Years]

An antimatter mystery

Matter and antimatter should look the same. For the first time, physicists have experimental evidence that they don't. [Full Story: First Solid Sign that Matter Doesn't Behave Like Antimatter]

Tatooine possibilities

Like the "Star Wars" world Tatooine with two suns, planets can orbit systems with multiple stars. New evidence of far-off shattered asteroids suggest that such systems can host rocky planets, not just gas ones — a much more suitable home for Luke Skywalker. [Full Story: Real Tatooines? Evidence Found of Rocky Planet Formation Around Double Star]

Eyes in the sky

An American satellite launched on a classified reconnaissance mission from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California. The satellite will be operated by the U.S. National Reconnaissance Office, and its original launch date was December — it was delayed by a series of wildfires and an issue with the Atlas V rocket's upper stage. [Full Story: New American Spy Satellite Launches on Classified Mission]

Robot to the sun

NASA will soon launch a robotic mission to the sun. The 2018 Solar Probe Plus mission will travel within 4 million miles of the blazing star to examine its surprisingly-cool surface and the origin of the solar wind's speed, among other stellar mysteries. [Full Story: Could a Spacecraft Fly to the Sun?]

Probing the cosmos — by balloon

As it landed, the high-flying BLAST balloon telescope was unexpectedly dragged about 125 miles (200 kilometers) across Antarctica, trailing components along the way, until it was lost and unrecoverable in a crevasse field. But the hard drive flew off, and they got the data. [Full Story: Where Are All the Baby Stars? High-Flying Balloon Telescope Could Find Out]

Email Sarah Lewin at slewin@space.com or follow her @SarahExplains. Follow us @Spacedotcom, Facebook and Google+.

{ http://www.space.com/ }

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Closer to Contact: The New Tech That’s Helping Us Hunt for Aliens

Closer to Contact: The New Tech That’s Helping Us Hunt for Aliens 

1488928357401-17-ATA-10_2011-ENH-630x412screen.jpeg?crop=1xw:0.8602941176470589xh;center,center&resize=1440:*

From rovers to telescopes the size of villages, we’re going to need some serious technology if we ever want to find life beyond Earth

In 1960, the renowned astronomer Frank Drake turned the radio telescope at the Green Bank Observatory in West Virginia toward two nearby stars in hopes of discovering some indication of intelligent alien life. Although Drake was unsuccessful in this venture, his effort did mark the beginning of the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI), a global scientific effort to determine whether or not we're alone in the universe.

SETI has come a long way since its humble beginnings over half a century ago, and nowhere is this more apparent than in the technology that is being deployed in the hunt for life beyond Earth. Today, astronomers are using telescopes more powerful than Drake could've ever imagined, and astrobiologists are commandeering rovers that are collecting samples on the Martian surface, a region of the solar system that wouldn't be explored for almost 15 years after Drake's original SETI experiment.

According to Eric Korpela, the director of UC Berkeley's SETI@home project, one of the biggest leaps forward in SETI tech has been in the telescope department. He cited the ALMA Array, the Square Kilometer Array and the Allen Telescope Array as just a few of the examples of the new generation of telescopes that are making the possibility of contact seem closer than ever before.

"The common theme in all these telescopes is that they're arrays," said Korpela. "That's a big change from the way SETI has done most of its work in the past, which was with fairly large, single-dish telescopes that point at a single spot in the sky. The arrays that are coming online have the capability to point at multiple spots on the sky simultaneously and have much higher spatial resolution, meaning you're just focusing tightly in on a single star, rather than surveying a large area."

The reason these telescope arrays represent an advance over their predecessors is because they are able to leverage a relatively new surveying technique called interferometry. In essence, this technique combines the radio signals being received at each of the smaller telescopes so that it provides a really find-detailed version of a single signal.

But even with these new radio telescope arrays coming online, SETI hasn't abandoned its roots in single dish telescopes—it's merely changed the way it's putting them to use. Case in point is SETI@home, a distributed computing initiative launched in 1999 that has enlisted the help of tens of thousands of people around the world in the search for alien life.

"Maybe 5 to 10 percent of stars have an Earth-like planet in orbit that is also in the habitable zone"

Every day, the SETI researchers at UC Berkeley receive dozens of gigabytes worth of radio signal data collected from the Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico and the Green Bank telescope in West Virginia. Filtering through all this cosmic noise for some small indication of an intelligent signal is a big task, even with state of the art computing technology—there's simply too much to look through. But by linking together the processing power from individual laptops and PCs all around the world, the task has become infinitely more manageable. It also means that anyone can help look for aliens while they sleep.

At the same time, advances in optical telescope technologies have also revealed a universe overflowing with potentially habitable planets orbiting other stars, which are known as exoplanets. The first exoplanet discovery occurred in 1995 and several thousand others have been discovered since then, although most of these were far larger than Earth and unlikely to support life.

It wasn't until 2014 that the Kepler Space Telescope, launched into space in 2009 with the largest camera ever put on a spacecraft, discovered the first Earth-like planet in the habitable region (where liquid water is possible) of another star. In the three years since, well over a dozen other potentially earth-like exoplanets have been discovered, each of which could potentially host extraterrestrial life.  The most recent Earth-like exoplanet discovery occurred last month, when NASA announced that seven potentially habitable planets had been discovered in the Trappist-1 star system, the most ever found to be orbiting a single star.  Now, according to Korpela, "we can estimate that maybe 5 to 10 percent of stars have an Earth-like planet in orbit that is also in the habitable zone."

SETI astronomers like Korpela are looking at stars and planets that are dozens, if not hundreds of light years away. But a little bit closer to home, astrobiologists are also looking for extraterrestrial life in our own solar system—albeit of the non-intelligent sort.

The tools of choice for these alien hunters are not telescopes, but the new generation of rovers and planetary probes that are on the hunt for microbial life on the planets and moons in our solar system. The leading candidates in this respect are Mars, Saturn's moons Enceladus, and Jupiter's moon Europa because each has water on its surface.

With the exception of Mars, there has yet to be any missions launched to these destinations in search of life. The first mission to Mars in search of life was the Viking missions in the 1970s, but the most recent was a joint mission between the European Space Agency and Roscosmos called ExoMars, which consists of two phases. In the first phase, the Trace Gas Orbiter (which just arrive at Mars last October) will examine the constituency of the Martian atmosphere. Although the atmosphere of Mars is dominated by carbon dioxide, the presence of trace amounts of other gases, such as methane or water vapor, could point to the possibility of life on the surface of the Red Planet. The second part of the mission will see a rover touchdown on Mars in 2021 and will use a 6-foot long drill to sample water beneath the surface of the planet.

As for Enceladus and Europa, they remain enticing destinations for future exobiology-oriented missions.

Just last month, NASA put forward a proposal for a lander on Europa, which is bound by a 10-15 mile thick icy crust that researchers think may hide an ocean of liquid water beneath its surface that is twice as large as the oceans on Earth combined. In the early 2020s, NASA plans to launch an orbiter to Jupiter, which will perform 45 close fly-bys of the moon equipped with instruments capable of measuring the thickness of the ice crust, determining whether there is liquid water beneath its surface, as well as the saltiness and temperature of this water. But NASA doesn't plan to stop there. It's most recent proposal calls for a lander that would be lowered to the moon's surface using a "sky crane" (parachutes would be unnecessary since the moon has no atmosphere) and then proceed to collect samples from the top few centimeters of the moon's surface.

As for Enceladus, NASA's plan to visit this icy moon isssss much less well-defined. In 2015, following a flyby of the moon by the Cassini spacecraft which took photos of water-rich plumes erupting from Enceladus' surface, a scientist from Cornell University proposed the Enceladus Life Finder (ELF) which would make its primary mission sampling these plumes to determine their chemical makeup. A second proposal to fly through the plumes called Life Investigation for Enceladus (LIFE) was also made, differing from insofar as the samples collected by the craft would be returned to Earth for analysis.

As of the time of this writing, neither ELF nor LIFE has advanced beyond the initial mission proposal. But in any case, there has never been a busier or more promising time to be hunting for life beyond Earth, a development which is largely due to the awesome new technologies being developed by space agencies and researchers around the world.

{ www.Motherboard }

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BRIGHTEST ‘SPOT’ ON CERES IS LIKELY A CRYOVOLCANO

BRIGHTEST ‘SPOT’ ON CERES IS LIKELY A CRYOVOLCANO

  Article Updated: 7 Mar , 2017
by Nancy Atkinson


The bright regions on the dwarf planet Ceres have been some of the most talked about features in planetary science in recent years. While data from the Dawn spacecraft has shown these bright areas are salt deposits (alas, not lights of an alien city), the question remained of how these salts reached the surface.

Researchers with the Dawn mission say they have now thoroughly investigated the complex geological structures in Occator crater, the region with the brightest regions on Ceres. The scientists conclude that a bright dome-like feature called Cerealia Facula is the remnant of a cryovolcano — an ice volcano — that repeatedly and relatively recently spewed salty ice from within Ceres up to the surface.

“The age and appearance of the material surrounding the bright dome indicate that Cerealia Facula was formed by a recurring, eruptive process, which also hurled material into more outward regions of the central pit,” said Andreas Nathues, a Dawn scientist from the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research. “A single eruptive event is rather unlikely.”

The bright central spots near the center of Occator Crater are shown in enhanced color in this view from NASA’s Dawn spacecraft. The view was produced by combining the highest resolution images taken in February 2016 (at image scales 115 feet (35 meters) per pixel of 35 meters with color images obtained in September 2015 at a lower resolution. Click for a highest-res view.

Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA/PSI

Occator crater located in the northern hemisphere of Ceres measures 92 kilometers (57 miles) in diameter. In its center is a pit with a diameter of about 11 kilometers (7 miles). On some parts of its edges, jagged mountains and steep slopes rise up to 750 meters (820 yards) high. Within the pit a bright dome formed. It has a diameter of 3 km (1.8 miles), is 400 meters (437 yards) high, with prominent fractures.

In analyzing images from Dawn’s Framing Camera, Nathues and his team deduced that the central pit is a remnant of a former central mountain, formed from the impact that created Occator Crater about 34 million years ago. But with a method for estimating the age of a planet’s surface – called crater counting — the science team could determine the dome of bright material is only about four million years old.

This suggests, the team said, that Occator crater has been the scene of eruptive outbursts of subsurface brine over a long period and until almost recently.

Jupiter’s moons Callisto and Ganymede show similar types of domes, and researchers interpret them as signs of cryovolcanism. While Ceres is too far from the Sun to be warm enough for regular volcanic activity, it very likely has harbored cryovolcanic activity, and it may even be active today.


This 3d-anaglyph for the first time shows a part of Occator crater in a combination of anaglyphe and false-color image.

Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA

Images from the Hubble Space Telescope taken more than a decade ago hinted at the bright spots in Occator Crater, but as the Dawn spacecraft approached Ceres in 2015, new images showed the bright areas almost shining like “cosmic beacons, like interplanetary lighthouses drawing us forth,” as described by Marc Rayman, the chief engineer and mission director for Dawn, in an interview with me last year.

Dawn scientist had previously determined the bright areas were salts left over from subsurface briny water that had made its way to the surface, and in the vacuum of space, the water sublimated away, leaving behind the dissolved salts. These salts were determined to be sodium carbonate and ammonium chloride.

This view of the whole Occator crater shows the brightly colored pit in its center and the cryovolcanic dome. The jagged mountains on the edge of the pit throw their shadows on parts of the pit. This image was taken from a distance of 1478 kilometers above the surface and has a resolution of 158 meters per pixel.

Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA

But don’t call these bright areas “spots,” said Rayman. “Some of these bright areas are miles across,” he said, “and just as if you were standing on salt flats on Earth that were several thousand acres, you wouldn’t say, ‘I’m standing on a spot.’ You are standing on a big area. But just to see the distribution of this material in the Dawn images shows there is something complex going on there.”

It is currently unknown if the region in Occator Crater is active, but there are hints it is, at least at a low level.

In 2014 the Herschel spacecraft detected water vapor above Occator, and images from Dawn’s cameras of the crater show a ‘haze’ when imaged at certain angles, and this has been explained as the sublimation of water.

Dawn scientists are also studying the large volcanic feature on Ceres, Ahuna Mons, to determine if it could be a cryovolcano, and will continue to study other bright areas on Ceres, as well.

Ceres’ lonely mountain, Ahuna Mons, is seen in this simulated perspective view. The elevation has been exaggerated by a factor of two. Image

Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA/PSI

Further Reading: 

Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research

{ http://www.universetoday.com/ }

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Ask physicist Brian Cox about aliens on his live TV show exploring space

Ask physicist Brian Cox about aliens on his live TV show exploring space

You know you want another show about the mind-blowing wonders of space.
You know you want another show about the mind-blowing wonders of space.
IMAGE: NASA/ESA/REX/SHUTTERSTOCK

You may remember physicist Brian Cox from such hits as "patiently explaining climate change to a diehard denier" and "taking on the government to protect the BBC."

He's an international treasure, in other words, and Australia's ABC network has given him a brand new space show. As thanks, presumably.

Stargazing Live will see Cox along with non-scientist (but excellent person) Julia Zemiro exploring the wonders of space and the cosmos, including taking live questions from the folks at home. 

The show will broadcast for three nights from April 4 to 6 from the Siding Spring Observatory in rural New South Wales. 

Brian Cox.

Brian Cox.

IMAGE: ABC

Episodes will look at the Milky Way, the planets and of course, aliens. As well as a cast of astrophysicists and astronomers, the show will explore Indigenous knowledge of the stars with guest Michael Anderson, a Lawman of the Euahlayi nation and treasured activist. 

Each show will also be followed by a space-version of Gogglebox — 30 minutes where Cox and Zemiro will answer questions asked over social media from the audience in a segment called Stargazing Live: Back To Earth.

It's worth tuning in. After all, SpaceX intends to send two as yet unnamed people in a loop around the moon in 2018. It could be you next time (if you've got that kind of cash), so best study up.

µ

{ http://mashable.com/ }

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Bizarre 3D images show what aliens might REALLY look like to survive in harsh environments on distant planets

Bizarre 3D images show what aliens might REALLY look like to survive in harsh environments on distant planets

The images have been created using scientific research of the harsh conditions life would need to withstand on other plants

BY ABIGAIL O'LEARY

Stunning 3D images show scientifically-based depictions of life on other worlds

Is this what aliens really look like? 

(Photo: Steve Grice/Sketchfab)

Scientists have revealed a series of incredible images showing what aliens might really look like.

From armoured plates, to translucent skin and claws, the illustrations are a world away from the green, bulging-eyed illustrations of aliens we are used to.

Backed by research of red dwarf solar systems, Dr Brian Choo, from the School of Biological Sciences at Flinders University in Australia, created the images alongside graphic artist Steve Grice.

They paired the conditions in red dwarf solar systems with particular features needed by plants and animals to survive.

In a stunning glimpse at the weird and wonderful shapes, sizes and colours of the creatures, their illustrations and interactive research, published on Sketchfab , depict strange ground-dwelling aliens.

While humanity has developed within the Sun's solar system, smaller red dwarf systems may shine a light on what life is like beyond earth.

Stunning 3D images show scientifically-based depictions of life on other worlds
The images reveal the weird-looking creature  (Photo: Steve Grice/Sketchfab)
Stunning 3D images show scientifically-based depictions of life on other worlds
The stunning 3D images show scientifically-based depictions of life on other worlds  (Photo: Steve Grice/Sketchfab)

Last week astronomers detected no less than seven Earth-sized worlds orbiting a cool dwarf star known as TRAPPIST-1, located in the constellation Aquarius.

While located in the 'habitable zone', life forms would develop entirely different from our own.

Dr Choo, a specialist in how species are affected by environmental factors, suggested alien life could need armoured plates and thick skin as protection from harsh sun or winds.

And with the majority of the world's plants remaining close to the ground and growing between rock and cracks, any creature would need a mouth suitable for gathering such nutrients.

With red dwarfs emitting far less radiation and light than our own sun, some life forms may even develop transparent skin, better at capturing as much light as possible.

Speaking about one armour-skinned creature, Dr Choo said: "This odd creature grazes on low growing lichen-like vegetation and digs for buried tubers.

"The low-slung body and armoured carapace permit it to forage during the blistering windstorms that scour the surface.

"The paddle like tail and vestigial fins betray an aquatic larval stage in the cool lakes at the edg of the melting dark-zone glaciers."

{ http://www.mirror.co.uk/ }

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Alien spots' on Ceres may have been caused by massive ice volcanoes erupting, researchers find

Alien spots' on Ceres may have been caused by massive ice volcanoes erupting, researchers find

  • Study found that bright spots are 30 million years younger than the host crater
  • Distribution and nature of material suggests it was formed by recurring events
  • After impact that created crater, they say subsurface brine was pushed upward
  • Water and dissolved gas were able to escape through forming system of vents

A mysterious dome containing the brightest material on Ceres may once have been the site of ‘eruptive outbursts’ from ice volcanoes.

In a new study, researchers found that these bright spots have only existed for about four million years – making them roughly 30 million years younger than the crater in which they’re found.

The distribution and nature of this unusually bright material suggests it was formed by recurring events, making Ceres the closest object to the sun with evidence of cryovolcanic activity. 

A mysterious dome containing the brightest material on Ceres may once have been the site of ‘eruptive outbursts’ of cryovolcanic activity. In a new study, researchers found that these bright spots have only existed for about four million years

A mysterious dome containing the brightest material on Ceres may once have been the site of ‘eruptive outbursts’ of cryovolcanic activity. In a new study, researchers found that these bright spots have only existed for about four million years

WORLD OF CERES

Ceres is 590 miles (950 km) across and was discovered in 1801.

It is the closest dwarf planet to the sun and is located in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, making it the only dwarf planet in the inner solar system.

Ceres is the smallest of the bodies currently classified as a 'dwarf planet'.

It lies less than three times as far as Earth from the sun - close enough to feel the warmth of the star, allowing ice to melt and reform.

Nasa's Dawn spacecraft made its way to Ceres after leaving the asteroid Vesta in 2012.

There is high interest in the mission because Ceres is seen as being a record of the early solar system.

NASA’s Dawn space probe has been studying Ceres for almost two years.

In that time, scientists have noted the presence of strange spots of bright material at the center of the Occator crater, consisting mainly of mineral salts.

Now, researchers with the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research have investigated the structures inside the crater – including fractures, avalanches, and even smaller craters – to reveal new insight on the planet’s activity.

The 92-kilometer-wide Occator crater contains a massive pit with a bright dome, which ‘contains the brightest material on Ceres,’ says MPS scientist Thomas Platz.

Infrared spectrometer VIR data on the region, called Cerealia Facula, show it is rich in salts known as carbonates.

And, other bright spots that sit further out in the crater contain a mixture of carbonates and dark surrounding material.

The researchers say the central pit, which has a rocky, jagged ridge, is likely the remnant of a former mountain.

This is thought to have formed from the impact that created the Occator Crater roughly 34 million years ago, and later collapsed.

But, the dome of bright material is about 30 million years younger, they say.

The researchers dated the features based on how ‘perforated’ the surfaces were.

It’s thought that younger craters are less perforated.

‘The age and appearance of the material surrounding the bright dome indicate that Cerealia Facula was formed by a recurring, eruptive process, which also hurled material into more outward regions of the central pit,’ says Andreas Nathues, Framing Camera Lead Investigator.

‘A single eruptive event is rather unlikely.’

The 92-kilometer-wide Occator crater contains a massive pit with a bright dome, which ‘contains the brightest material on Ceres,’ says MPS scientist Thomas Platz. Infrared spectrometer VIR data on the region show it is rich in salts known as carbonates

The 92-kilometer-wide Occator crater contains a massive pit with a bright dome, which ‘contains the brightest material on Ceres,’ says MPS scientist Thomas Platz. Infrared spectrometer VIR data on the region show it is rich in salts known as carbonates

Other objects, like Jupiter’s moons Callisto and Ganymede, have similar domes, which are thought to be volcanic deposits, indicating cryovolcanic activity.

And, they say a similar process could be at work on Ceres.

‘The large impact that tore the giant Occator crater into the surface of the dwarf planet must have originally started everything and triggered the later cryovolcanic activity,’ says Nathues.

After the impact, they say, the subsurface brine was pushed upward.

And, with lower pressure, water and dissolved gasses such as methane and carbon dioxide were able to escape through the forming system of vents.

The solution was then able to erupt through fractures at the surface.

The researchers say the central pit is likely the remnant of a former mountain. This is thought to have formed from the impact that created the Occator Crater roughly 34 million years ago, and later collapsed. But, the dome of bright material is about 30 million years younger

The researchers say the central pit is likely the remnant of a former mountain. This is thought to have formed from the impact that created the Occator Crater roughly 34 million years ago, and later collapsed. But, the dome of bright material is about 30 million years younger

According to the researchers, the salts deposited in this process likely created the bright dome seen today.

Images of the Occator crater captured from about 14,000 kilometers away show variations in brightness on a diurnal rhythm, supporting the new theory.

‘The nature of the light scattering at the bottom of Occator differs fundamentally from that at other parts of the Ceres surface,’ MPS research Guneshwar Singh Thangjam says.

‘The most likely explanation is that near the crater floor an optically thin, semi-transparent haze is formed.’

This haze, the researchers say, could be the result of sublimating water streaming out from fractures in the floor when the crater is exposed to sunlight.

{http://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

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Giant UFO spotted near NASA's International Space Station? [VIDEO]

Giant UFO spotted near NASA's International Space Station?

[VIDEO]

Conspiracy theorists say that a giant UFO was seen near ISS and the lights were dimmed all of a sudden to hide the mysterious flying craft.

Nupur Jha
UFO spotted
Earlier this year a mysterious giant object was 'seen' taking off from the Sun's surface in the clip taken by NASA's telescope. [Representational image]Youtube/ Screenshot

NASA is always accused of hiding evidence about UFOs and mysterious extra-terrestrial sightings by conspiracy theorists. Here's another incident in which a mega spaceship was recently spotted near the International Space Station (ISS).

Also Read: NASA, ISS slammed for allegedly covering-up UFO sightings AGAIN! [VIDEOS]

Conspiracy theorists say that the giant UFO was spotted by astronauts on the ISS and lights were dimmed all of a sudden to hide the mysterious flying craft.

RELATED

A video of the incident has been uploaded by a YouTube user named StreetCap1. "I thought I was seeing things. I had to be quick. This should appear in the archive later for those wanting verification. The dimming at the end was sudden and my guess is they turned down the brightness a little because they spotted it. Sorry about quality, but it was hundreds of miles away," StreetCap1 stated in the video's description.

Another such sighting was alleged to have taken place near the ISS last month, after which a UFO expert and author of UFO Investigations Manual, Nigel Watson, said that it could be the outcome of a lens reflection, which is visible or invisible, depending on the alterations in the lighting, which appears to be a UFO passing by, Mail Online reported.

Tyler Glockner, a UFO hunter and owner of conspiracy website Secure Team 10, also spoke about the mysterious sightings.

"We definitely see some anomalous objects. We have this very long cigar-shaped UFO. It's unidentified, we don't know what it is," Glockner was quoted as saying by Daily Mirror.

Glockner even accused NASA of trying to hide the alien objects by dimming the view. "Nasa likes to give us low-res videos and keep the high resolution stuff to themselves," he added.

Exclusive video of the UFO spotted near NASA's ISS:

YouTube/ Streetcap1
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‘Megaschip’ vastgelegd bij ruimtestation ISS waarna NASA ‘het beeld donkerder maakt’

'Megaschip' vastgelegd bij ruimtestation ISS waarna NASA 'het beeld donkerder maakt'

‘Megaschip’ vastgelegd bij ruimtestation ISS waarna NASA ‘het beeld donkerder maakt’

Kort nadat een bizar ‘megaschip’ bij het internationale ruimtestation ISS verscheen, maakte NASA het beeld donkerder, zo claimen complottheoretici.

Zij zeggen dat de beelden mogelijk bewerkt zijn door het Amerikaanse ruimteagentschap om objecten te laten ‘verdwijnen’, schrijft de Daily Mirror.

In het filmpje, dat op YouTube is geplaatst door Streetcap1, zijn een lange ‘sigaarvormige’ UFO en nog twee objecten te zien boven de aarde.

Ongewone objecten

“Het beeld wordt tegen het eind plotseling donkerder,” zei hij. “Ik denk dat de NASA de helderheid enigszins verlaagde.”

UFO-jager Tyler Glockner van SecureTeam10 zei: “Er zijn hier zeker ongewone objecten te zien. Er is onder meer een hele lange sigaarvormige UFO te zien. Het is ongeïdentificeerd, we weten niet wat het is.”

“Ik heb honderden, zo niet duizenden uren livestream van het ISS bekeken en ik heb UFO’s, ijskristallen, ruimtepuin en reflecties gezien,” vervolgde hij.

Knoeien

“Kort nadat de objecten in beeld verschijnen wordt het beeld plotseling donkerder. Ofwel de NASA doet dit doelbewust, ofwel de UFO’s doen dit zelf.”

“Mogelijk heeft de NASA het beeld donkerder gemaakt door te knoeien met het contrast of de belichting zodat de objecten uit beeld verdwijnen,” klonk het.

[Mirror]
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U.S. AIR FORCE COLONEL BLOWS WHISTLE ON EXTRATERRESTRIAL INVOLVEMENT WITH APOLLO 13

U.S. AIR FORCE COLONEL BLOWS WHISTLE ON EXTRATERRESTRIAL INVOLVEMENT WITH APOLLO 13

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Kolonel: “Ruimteschip schoot Apollo 13 te hulp en begeleidde bemanning terug naar aarde”

Kolonel: "Ruimteschip schoot Apollo 13 te hulp en begeleidde bemanning terug naar aarde"

Kolonel: “Ruimteschip schoot Apollo 13 te hulp en begeleidde bemanning terug naar aarde”

Kolonel Ross Dedrickson moest in de jaren vijftig waken over de veiligheid van kernwapens. In die tijd kwamen er veel meldingen binnen van UFO’s die boven diverse nucleaire installaties werden gezien.

“Deze UFO’s waren buitengewoon geïnteresseerd in onze installaties,” zei hij.

Dedrickson heeft naar eigen zeggen vaak UFO’s gezien en was getuige van de onbekende objecten die in juli 1952 over het Capitool vlogen.

Nucleaire wapens

De kolonel zei verder dat er meerdere nucleaire wapens in de ruimte zijn gebracht, die vervolgens door buitenaardsen zijn vernietigd. “Dit werd bewust stilgehouden.”

“Eind jaren zeventig probeerden we een kernbom te laten exploderen op de maan,” zei Dedrickson. “De buitenaardsen hebben dit voorkomen.”

“Kort na mijn pensioen benoemde Space Command een incident dat ik later kon bevestigen,” zei hij. “Een ruimteschip schoot Apollo 13 te hulp en begeleidde de bemanning naar de maan en terug naar aarde.”

Veilig

“Tot twee keer toe overwogen ze om de bemanning over te brengen naar hun ruimteschip,” vervolgde hij. “Maar ze keerden uiteindelijk veilig terug op aarde.”

Twee dagen na de lancering van Apollo 13 ontplofte een zuurstoftank, met als gevolg dat in een paar uur de hele zuurstofvoorraad verloren was gegaan.

Commandant Jim Lovell sprak toen de historische woorden: “Houston, we’ve had a problem.”

[Collective-evolution]
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4000 jaar oud bouwwerk met mysterieuze rotskunst gevonden in Israël

4000 jaar oud bouwwerk met mysterieuze rotskunst gevonden in Israël

4000 jaar oud bouwwerk met mysterieuze rotskunst gevonden in Israël

In Boven-Galilea in Israël is een 4000 jaar oud stenen bouwwerk gevonden dat is voorzien van mysterieuze rotskunst. Dat schrijft de Jerusalem Post.

Volgens de Israëlische autoriteit voor oudheden is het bouwwerk uit de bronstijd ontdekt door professor Gonen Sharon van het Tel-Hai College.

“Wat dit hunebed zo uniek maakt zijn de enorme afmetingen, de structuur eromheen en de decoraties die in het plafond zijn gegraveerd,” aldus de autoriteit.

Niet opgelost

Archeologen hebben een studie over de vondst gepubliceerd in het tijdschrift PLOS ONE.

Hunebedden of dolmens worden over de hele wereld gevonden, van Ierland tot Korea. In het Midden-Oosten liggen er ook vele duizenden, van Turkije tot Jemen.

4000 jaar oud bouwwerk met mysterieuze rotskunst gevonden in Israël

Graveringen (Gonen Sharon)

Hoewel ze vaak worden gevonden in Israël, is het mysterie rond de leeftijd en het doel van de hunebedden nog altijd niet opgelost.

In mysterie gehuld

In het plafond zijn 15 graveringen ontdekt die bestaan uit een rechte lijn die naar het centrum van een boog gaat.

Dergelijke vormen zijn nooit eerder aangetroffen in het Midden-Oosten en om die reden zijn ze in mysterie gehuld.

Met behulp van een 3D-scan konden de archeologen graveringen ontwaren die met het blote oog niet te zien zijn.

Eén van de grootste

De ruimte waarin de graveringen zijn gevonden is groot, twee bij drie meter, en de steen die er bovenop ligt is ook enorm en weegt tenminste 50 ton.

“Dit is één van de grootste stenen die ooit in het Midden-Oosten is gebruikt voor de bouw van een hunebed,” aldus professor Lior Grossman.

Het hunebed wordt omringd door een grafheuvel met een doorsnee van 20 meter. De stenen waar die grafheuvel uit bestaat wegen tot wel 400 ton.

De staande stenen van Stonehenge wegen ter vergelijking ‘slechts’ 25 ton.

[Jerusalem Post]
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Diamond UFO Passes Over Freeway In Orlando, Florida On Jan 27, 2017, UFO Sighting News.

Diamond UFO Passes Over Freeway In Orlando, Florida On Jan 27, 2017, UFO Sighting News.

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Date of sighting:1-27-2017
Location of sighting: Orlando, Florida, USA
Source: MUFON #82522

This diamond shaped UFO was seen in Orlando last month and was visible to the naked eye. The UFO moved over the freeway as it observers humans and records the data for later study. Aliens are big on watching us, studying us, so they probably have a high curiosity about meeting us.

Scott C. Waring

Eyewitness states:

I was traveling east on Sr 414 and had just taken the exit to Sr 434 and was waiting on the stoplight to change. I then noticed a plane flying north and the this object caught my eye just south of my view of the airplane. The object was also traveling in a north direction but was much closer to my proximity than the airplane was. I took this picture with my Iphone which recorded as a live image. In my phone image it has about 3 to 4 secs of recorded video. Not sure how to upload that but i uploaded a still of the object. Not sure what this is but it was very very strange. So I thought I would share.

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Giant Books Are Proof That Giant Alien Species Once Existed On Earth, March 2017, UFO Sighting News.

Giant Books Are Proof That Giant Alien Species Once Existed On Earth, March 2017, UFO Sighting News.

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Giants existed on Earth, how else could we explain how some construction sites around the world were created? Since we found that life can exist on a micro scale and can be viewed with a electron microscope, the we can also logically assume that life can exist on a macro scale...a scale so large that they could hold our planet in their hand. 

Do you remember that scene in Galaxy of the Guardians when they were in space flying to a moon that was being mined? And when they got closer to it, they realised it wasn't a moon, but the head of a giant species of alien, and its inside was being mined. Yeah...now you are getting the big picture. I remember that scene well, because I hand no idea others knew about these things, and it was snuck into the movie...subconsciously hidden to appear as entertainment, preparing the public for the day when they get to meet this species.

Scott C. Waring

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Google Earth Deletes UFO Following Two Jets Over China, March 2017, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Google Earth Deletes UFO Following Two Jets Over China, March 2017, Video, UFO Sighting News.

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Date of discovery: May 30, 2014 (Gone in March 2017)
Location of discovery: Xiang Dao, Zheng Yang Xian, Zhumadian, Henan, China 
Coordinates: 32°24'14.46"N 114°32'57.39"E

I found this UFO back in 2014 and made a video about it, because Google has a history of deleting the UFOs found on Google Earth. I decided to go back and see if it was still there, but it was not. It has been deleted from the map. Even the history index of it which allows you to see old photos of the area did not have it. This is proof that Google not only deletes UFOs, but hides alien evidence from the public the best it can. Have you ever wondered how a company like Google could grow so big so fast? Well, maybe the two people who created it were actually aliens themselves, out to not just make a profit, but to control the public. 

Scott C. Waring

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Alien Orb Caught On Security Camera Moving About House, March 5, 2017, Video, UFO Sighting News.

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Date of sighting: March 5, 2017
Location of sighting: Unknown

The eyewitness says the spirit came from within the old doll and moves about the house from object to object. As you can see, there is an energy orb moving slowly about. It was caught on the infrared security camera in the house, and IR is known for catching any cloaked objects...especially orbs. I think this orb found a way into the home and was learning about the inhabitants of the house from the objects inside. These entities can change their form into a human like person if they so wish.

Scott C. Waring

Eyewitness states: 

Carol the Haunted doll on the table she likes magazines and world of electronics of today even video games and cell phones. She is a sweet child spirit.


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Guy Spends 50K To Look More Like An Alien, March 2017, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Guy Spends 50K To Look More Like An Alien, March 2017, Video, UFO Sighting News.

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This person spent over $50,000 US to have himself look more like an alien than a human. I guess this was bound to happen. If aliens reveal themselves people will begin to copy aliens and how they do things, how they look and even emulate their culture and values. Why? Because a species that is millions or even billions years old clearly has a higher intelligence that humans do, and therefore to copy them is to make yourself more like them...or to appear more intelligent. 
Scott C. Waring

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Glowing UFO Enters And Exits Volcano In Mexico On Video, March 2017, UFO Sighting News.

Glowing UFO Enters And Exits Volcano In Mexico On Video, March 2017, UFO Sighting News.


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Date of sighting: March 6, 2017
Location of sighting: Popocatepetl Volcano, Mexico

This UFO was caught by Martes Salas of Youtube yesterday. It shows a cigar shaped glowing UFO moving into the mouth of the volcano, then when it should come out...it doesn't. Instead there is a delay of a few seconds before it emerges from the side of the volcano. Its a proven fact (from video evidence on Youtube) that there is a UFO base below this volcano about 4-5km below the surface. Even the locals have witnessed 3 meter beings with long hair and sharp claw coming out of each heal climbing the mountains 10X faster than expert mountain climbers. 

Scott C. Waring

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Geschreven door peter om 21:37 Stuur door

How Ufologist Stanton Friedman Debunked Isaac Asimov and Arthur C. Clarke

How Ufologist Stanton Friedman Debunked Isaac Asimov and Arthur C. Clarke

Stanton Friedman challenged the science fiction community on the existence of UFOs.

How Ufologist Stanton Friedman Debunked Isaac Asimov and Arthur C. Clarke

Stanton Friedman was like the Perry Mason of the flying saucer world, equipped and ready to defend any statement, destroy any criticism, debunk any myth.

A nuclear physicist, Friedman's background included inside experience working for front-line companies, including General Electric, General Motors, Westinghouse, and TRW, working on such projects as the development of nuclear flight, fission and fusion space rockets and compact nuclear systems to be applied for space use. 

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Stanton Friedman's initial involvement came as innocently as many other ufologists—by reading one book. In his case, it was Edward Ruppelt's Report on Unidentified Flying Objects. After many other books, years of research and study, talks with colleagues and others, he decided that, as a scientist, he could conclude that not all, but some UFO's are indeed exploratory vehicles which originated from off the earth.

Data, numbers and logic are the cards in this fact-vs-fiction game, and Friedman insisted that the rules used are straight and consistent. “People ask the wrong questions,” he said. “The question isn't ‘Is every UFO somebody's spacecraft?" The answer is ‘Of course not.’ The real question is, "Are any UFO's somebody else's spacecraft?' and the answer is ‘Yes." It's like asking ‘Is everyone over seven feet tall?" Of course not. ‘Is no one over seven feet tall? Of course not. One can easily get into trouble by asking the wrong question, because then you treat every sighting equally.” One could certainly get into trouble trying to pass off conclusions to Stanton Friedman which had not been thought out. 

Isaac Asimov, the science fiction writer, provided plenty of assumptions for Friedman to knock down. One of the most obvious was Asimov's series of calculations to determine whether there's intelligent life anywhere else in the Universe, which appeared in his book, Is Anyone There? Friedman elaborates:

“He starts by focusing on the unanswerable question of whether or not there are other intelligent life forms in the universe. He accepts a starting number of 640,000,000 Earthlike planets. He whittles this number down by an amazing sequence of assumptions...Earth has had life for about 3 billion years, a civilization for about 10,000 (1/300,000 of its history) and an industrial civilization for about 200 years (1/50 of the time for civilization).”

By dividing 640,000,000 by 300,000 and then by 50, Asimov gets 43 industrial civilizations, and further assumes that there are 21 more advanced than we, believing that we are roughly average.

Is Anyone There? by Isaac Asimov

Isaac Asimov, master of science fiction, speculates about life on other planets in Is Anyone There?

Stanton Friedman vs Sci-fi Writers

The articulate Stanton Friedman took a contrary view: “Asimov doesn't seem to know the difference between calendars which measure time and maps which show the distribution of things in space. Knowing the fraction of available time during which there has been a civilization on earth tells absolutely nothing about what fraction of planets have civilizations now, in the past, or in the future."

This kind of assumption, that Earth is the basis for all assumptions, Friedman thought obscured the issues. Asimov “assumes that nobody got started sooner than we did at having a civilization or at having an industrial one. This is un incredible assumption,” Friedman continued, "especially the solar system has been around almost 5 billion years and there are stars 5 billion years older than the sun...an error of only 1/10 of 1 percent in the 3 billion years would be 3 million years. The discussion also leaves out colonization, migration, the exiling of prisoners, or the dispersal of civilizations by those who started sooner.”

Asimov is only one of the popular science fiction writers Friedman took to task. Arthur Clarke, best known for authoring "2001: A Space Odyssey,” felt that the International Geophysical Year (1958), an extended series of experiments among nations, discouraged much interest because “they never discovered a single flying saucer.” Friedman cautioned Clarke to check the record, noting that one of the best photos of a UFO, the celebrated Trinidad photos, was taken on board a ship that was participating in the International Geophysical Year.

Clarke also used the ballistics missile warning radar system as a defense for why he believed no sightings are real, reasoning that such a sensitive system would surely pick them up. Friedman found this type of comment particularly questionable. “Considering that he was a writer and not a professional scientist or engineer working on radar for NORAD, I cannot believe that he would be on the distribution list for radar UFO reports.”

Flying Saucers and Science by Stanton Friedman

After laying a scientific framework for examining the data and countering arguments against their extraterrestrial source, Stanton Friedman makes a case for at least some UFOs being alien spacecraft.

Absence of Alien Evidence

One of Stanton Friedman's favorite phrases— “absence of evidence is presumed to be evidence for the absence of evidence”—applied here, as it does to page after page of rebuttal and refutation which he compiled, all addressing the remarks, articles and appearances of science fiction writers. He battled egos as often as errors.

“As writers, surely they didn't or haven't worked on classified government sponsored programs. I worked on classified programs for 14 years and I am certain that secrets can be kept. As I have often noted, 80 percent of the engineers and scientists responding to the question, “Do you think the government has revealed all it knows about UFO's?" said, ‘No’ .” And Friedman's role as “Perry Mason” occasionally put him in circumstances where he tilted against a Supreme Court of scientists. Having a scientific background,” he reminded, “in no way assures that you'll treat UFO's appropriately.”

Indeed, an elder statesman of science, Dr. Lee DeForest, who invented the Vacuum tube, was convinced that, regardless of whatever discoveries were made by man, we would never visit the moon. DeForest made these views known in 1957. Hong Ye Chiu, a NASA/Goddard scientist, had written that, “It is unthinkable that the sun would be favorably selected among the 100 billion stars in the galaxy as the most desired star to visit.” Friedman countered: “Nobody says they think of us favorably, or that this is the most desired star—after all, Chicago isn't my favorite place to visit, but I seem to fly there fairly often.”

Even Dr. J. Allen Hynek, professor of Astronomy at Northwestern University, director of the Lindheimer Observatory and for nearly 20 years scientific consultant to the Air Force's Project Blue Book UFO study group, did not escape the Friedman scalpel. In answer to Hynek's contention that there is “no possibility" for space travel, Friedman had this to say: “Since fusion is the major source of energy for the earth and is the major source of energy production in the great majority of stars, one would certainly expect all astronomers to be aware of the fact that a combination of the right nuclei can produce vast amounts of energy per unit weight of the materials reacted. If the right nuclear reactions are involved one can produce charged particles coming out the back end of a rocket with more than 10,000,000 times as much energy per particle, as particles can get in the run-of-the-mill, brute force chemical rockets which we are currently using.”

Friedman felt that there was no way of telling just how many visits we received, and whether multiple sightings are all derived from the same visit. A comparison he enjoyed making is one between a mother ship with smaller earth excursion modules and a Navy aircraft carrier with 75 fighter or bomber planes aboard.

UFO Reports

UFO Reports

UFO reports are often less accurate because witnesses will usually relate what they've seen, or think they've seen, rather than what they know. Friedman felt that the occupants of spacecrafts were usually humanoids sent to explore earth, and for that reason, had an outward resemblance to figures we would not question. He pointed out that our first being in space was a dog, and then a monkey, indicating to him that what or who is sent on an exploration is not necessarily the brains behind the caper. 

The jury may still be out on the final verdict, but a widely-documented, real contact would certainly firm the evidence. What would happen to this planet and its people should this occur? Does the government give any serious thought or planning for this contingency?

“Practically none. I would like to see psychiatrists, religious leaders, psychologists, and god forbid, the military, thinking about what this means. First, we'd have to get over the ego business and recognize we're not the only life in the universe, and probably not the most intelligent. 

“Second, I would like people to think what this might mean to religion. I think there's a need to look at the implications of what it means to be an earthling. To me that's the most important consideration. We have no leader. I think we need to recognize that. To them, we do look primitive.”

Two particular areas of concern which Friedman felt could be addressed by anyone interested in the subject, deal with information and access to it. People need to put pressure on the Air Defense Command and other government groups to reveal the highly classified information in their files. Friedman recommended a Centralized UFO Research Facility which anyone in the country could call while observing a UFO. This would tie together local, regional and national sources to record and comment on sightings, beginning with those groups which have been privately conducting this work for years on their own. It would be a 911 for alien sightings. "911, please state the nature of your UFO sighting."

{ https://omni.media/ }
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What You Need To Know About Artificial Intelligence

What You Need To Know About Artificial Intelligence

“We tend to overestimate the effect of a technology in the short run and underestimate the effect in the long run.” – Ray Amara

It’s hard to know what to think about Artificial Intelligence. Almost everyone in the industry believes it to be a revolution as deep and as fundamental as the industrial revolution or the birth of the computer. Yet the field seems divided over when we will get to general intelligence and what that will ultimately mean for us. Some believe it will be our greatest tool yet and others that it may lead to our doom.

It seemed to frame every discussion the world leaders at Davos had this week, and with 2017 poised to be a big year for AI, it makes sense to try and understand where it is taking us. Let’s start by separating fact from fiction (courtesy the Future of Life Institute)….

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Machine Learning

The most important subset of AI is machine learning. A field which made big breakthroughs in the latter half of the 20th century but then lay dormant waiting for the processing power of computers to catch up with the demands that machine learning algorithms placed on them.

A key driver behind machine learning is the rise of big data. In 1992 we collectively  produced 100 GB of data per day, by 2018 we will be producing 50,000 GB of data per second. Data is permeating into every aspect of life and there is too much out there for any person, or any group of people, to be able to parse. Machine learning is helping us organize and make sense of these mountains of data.

For an introduction to the nuts and bolts of machine learning watch this…

The People behind AI

With all the talk surrounding AI it can be easy to forget that this is still a human driven endeavor. People are behind all of the progress that has been made and are still (for now) doing all of the leg work. So to get some idea of where it is going it is probably best to listen to those driving it forward. Here are some of the most influential figures in the field and their takes on where machine learning will go.

Geoffrey Hinton

For a long time Geoffrey Hinton toiled away in relative obscurity developing his machine learning algorithms. His seminal papers on neural networks were scoffed at for decades, thought by many to never be able to work. Today his theories have become the framework upon which much of machine learning is based.

He was one of the first to apply the study of human cognition to machines believing that the only way we were going to recreate intelligence was by trying to mimic the only other intelligent machine we knew of, our brains. Now almost all machine learning experts have some background in cognitive science thanks in large parts to his pioneering approach.

He is also notable for some of the people that came out of his labs, the teams at Google and Microsoft and Baidu are filled with his former students. Two of his most notable disciples are Yann Lecun and Hugo Larochelle who have become world renowned machine learning experts in their own right.

Here he is explaining how neural networks do what they do…

Andrew Ng

Andrew Ng is a professor at Stanford and the chief scientist at Baidu. While he was getting his start in the field he supposedly was the one who convinced Larry Page that Google needed to start working on AI.

He has become equally important in his role as a public educator. He is a strong advocate for democratizing knowledge about machine learning and made his course at Stanford free and open to the public in an attempt to do so.

He believes AI to be the modern day equivalent of electricity. At first electricity was just used to power light bulbs but soon people realized they could apply it to other things and before long nearly everything was hooked up to an electric power source.

He extends the analogy to the internet and its widespread adoption. It changed the way we do business, became our primary method of communicating, and it has seeped into our personal lives as most people now view their social media as extensions of their identity.

Andrew’s contention is that the adoption of AI will be much faster, more pervasive and have a greater impact than either electricity or the internet.

Michael Jordan

Hard to believe but this Michael Jordan might actually go down in history as the more famous one. His biggest contribution was the popularization of Bayesian networks which are used in a wide variety of machine learning applications, most notably in medicine as it seems to be a particularly good method for matching symptoms to diseases.

He recently teamed with an AI firm developing Jibo,  a cute helper robot designed to follow you around the house and actually initiate communication with the user rather than the current models that just wait for user commands.

But he believes there is far too much hype surrounding AI. This is due in large part to a lot of misinformation and poor metaphors we use when describing it. We have made incremental steps, but have only begun to climb the ladder. The next big hurdle will be in developing more adaptive systems that recognize context.

Ben Goertzel

Founder of multiple artificial intelligence companies and chairman of the artificial general intelligence society, Ben Goertzel has devoted his life to solving intelligence and bringing about artificial general intelligence. He believes we will have machines as intelligent as humans by 2025. For more on his work check out this tour of his lab in Hong Kong where his team is working to bring human looking robots to life…


Demis Hassabis

As head of arguably the most advanced artificial intelligence lab in the world, Google’s Deepmind, Demis may be closer than anyone else to achieving AGI. He is a strong believer in a machine learning technique called deep neural networks and uses it to drive his groundbreaking program AlphaGo.

Last year AlphaGo proved itself to be the world’s best Go player, a feat many in the field believed was still years away from being possible. The next step for AlphaGo is to become the world’s best Starcraft player. These feats may seem trivial at first but games are a key measure of intellectual ability.

Martin Ford

As his latest book title Rise of the Robots: Technology and the Threat of a Jobless Future implies, he is a staunch proponent of the idea that human labor is going to be replaced. He also predicted way back in 2009 that Artificial Intelligence would bring with it the end of the capitalist system as we know it and force us to adopt a form of universal basic income. However he points out that these forces would be largely beneficial for mankind as they would free us from much of the drudgery of daily life and allow us to pursue the things that truly make us happy.

Gary Marcus

One of the world’s leading neuroscientists and recent co-author of The Future of the Brain. He comes at the field from primarily a cognitive science background and is interested in it because it is essentially an exploration into the nature of consciousness and intelligence.

His belief is that narrow AI, in which a machine learns how to do one specific task very well, such as playing a game or driving a car, will continue to develop and expand into many aspects of life. However we are no where close to getting to the holy grail that is general purpose intelligence, an AI that can be applied to any problem.


Next steps for AI

The real breakthrough in AI will not be when it starts driving our cars or taking some of our jobs, those are already inevitable. The real barriers still to be crossed are…

1) Passing the Turing test. This will happen when in spoken or written conversation you can’t tell whether it is a human or a machine. We will know we are on the way when our machines start conversations with us rather than just responding to us.

2) It starts taking actions independently without any human input. This would eventually include setting its own goals which would in essence mean having an independent will.

3) It starts questioning its own existence and wondering if there aren’t better ways get things done.

This is the most important issue we will face in the 21st century. The people developing it are not going to stop to wait and see what we think about it. Rather than spending our time bickering about politics we should be planning how to bring AI along safely as it will change everything and redefine life on earth.

{ https://tmrwedition.com/ }

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Cambridge Scientists: We Shouldn’t Define Intelligence According to Humanity

Cambridge Scientists: We Shouldn’t Define Intelligence According to Humanity

Futurism
IN BRIEF
  • Maybe the definition of intelligence needs a rethink; a Cambridge scientist has a few ideas.
  • Intelligence may be expanded to encompass, not merely human thinking, but the thinking of other primates, certain bird species, and even machines and computer programs.

A LIMITED VIEW

When we try to figure out how some aspect of thinking works, we always start looking at how the human brain does it. But while humans could be said to be the apex species in this planet, we are far from being the only ones who can think.

Take for example chimpanzees, a staple for arguments for intelligent thinking in animals. When you compare them with other similar primates like bonobos, you see that they are more inclined towards tool-use. Not only do bonobos not use tools as much, young chimpanzees also manipulate objects more than young bonobos.

You also start seeing active intelligence in some species when comparing the actions of say, digger wasps and corvids (crows, magpies, rooks, etc). Digger wasps hide food for the future, but this is more of a programmed behavior. On the other hand, corvids display behavior consistent with actively planning for the future.

“Defining intelligence or culture in a way that is restricted to humans makes no sense in the grander scheme of evolution. Once we widen these definitions to include other animals, we find culture in other primates, tool use, and incredible intelligence in corvids,” says Dr Kathelijne Koops, formerly from the University of Cambridge’s Division of Biological Anthropology.

THE FUTURE OF AI

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PUPPY: Puppy is a running robot dog developed by Dr Fumiya Iida’s team in the Department of Engineering.

Credit: Sam Armstrong

In fact, we can extend this to non-biological intelligence, to intelligence man itself is building. If we consider skills or abilities to be the metric of intelligence, AI and robotics systems clearly qualify.

Now we have programs that can process data and even give predictions, on a far bigger scale than humans can. In the narrow fields that they are programmed in, these machines are the best. This is in contrast to humans, who are generally mediocre or good at a lot of things—generalists and specialists, in other words.

In fact, these machines have their own unique neural architectures, distinct from the human kind. Adapting how the brain thinks is hard for just these narrow competencies, so completely new ways of “learning” had to be developed.

Ultimately, all of these will have to be considered both in developing AI and in a society built around it. We need to consider other kinds of neural architectures and ways of thinking in order to better develop machine learning.

But more importantly, we’ll need to start talking about how we are going to treat these machines. Are they simple tools engineered for a task? Or are they intelligent beings capable of thinking just like human beings?

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Beyond Physics: New Research is Revealing the Fundamental Nature of Subatomic Particles

Beyond Physics: New Research is Revealing the Fundamental Nature of Subatomic Particles

 IC40_MuonBundle-766537989.jpg?m=1426006534
Credit: IceCube Collaboration 
An extremely high energy downgoing event.
IN BRIEF
  • Scientists were able to get new measurements of 'ghost particles,' or neutrinos – elementary particles that don't have electric charge.
  • The new measurements could answer fundamental questions about the properties of neutrinos and could help fill gaps in the Standard Model of Particle Physics.

GHOST BUSTING

The Standard Model – the theory that describes the behavior of fundamental particles at every energy scale scientists have been able to measure – is accurate, but leaves “gaping holes.” Scientists continue to question the nature of dark matter, and how a universe filled with matter, rather than anti-matter, arose from the Big Bang.

Scientists have been on the lookout for clues that will answer these questions, and some turn towards particles called neutrinos. Dubbed ‘ghost particles,’ neutrinos are elementary particles that don’t have electric charge. Trillions of these particles pass through us every second. While we know they exist, we don’t know what role neutrinos play in the universe. Further, neutrinos are extremely hard to measure because they’re also at least a million times lighter than any other particle known to science.

Researchers from Michigan State University (MSU) succeeded in finding new measurements of these strange particles, captured by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole. These findings were presented at the American Physical Society Meeting in Washington.

According to the research, neutrinos change types as they travel. There are three different types of neutrinos, each corresponding to a charged particle. “Neutrinos have a habit of changing, or oscillating, between three types, we call them ‘flavors,'” said MSU research associate Joshua Hignight. “So, if one neutrino is a precisely equal mix of two flavors, it could be a surprising coincidence or there might be a deeper reason for it coming from the physics beyond the Standard Model.” The data IceCube gathered suggests that one neutrino species may actually comprise exactly equal amounts of two neutrino “flavors.”

IceCube Neutrino Observatory IceCube Neutrino Observatory

FILLING THE GAPS

“As physicists, we hoped the Higgs boson would point us to the physics that lies beyond the Standard Model; unfortunately, our measurements of the Higgs haven’t turned up many clues,” said Tyce DeYoung, associate professor of physics and astronomy at MSU. “So we hope we may find something by studying neutrinos. IceCube detects neutrinos with a wider range of energies and distances than other experiments, so we cast a wide net.”

The IceCube Observatory at the South Pole measures neutrinos produced by cosmic rays that hit the Earth’s atmosphere, which makes the Antarctic ice a unique particle detector. The new measurements could answer fundamental questions about the properties of neutrinos and could help fill gaps in the Standard Model of Particle Physics.

While their measurements match results from other experiments using neutrinos with lower energies, it remains debatable whether this flavor mixture is exactly balanced. As such, IceCube physicists will continue to collect data and refine their analysis.

IceTop Tanks sit on the Antarctic surface (IceTop) to detect cosmic ray showers and other atmospheric phenomena. <br />Photo by:  D. Hubert/NSF

ceTop Tanks sit on the Antarctic surface (IceTop) to detect cosmic ray showers and other atmospheric phenomena. 

Photo by: D. Hubert/NSF

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NASA Has Plans to Give Mars a “Magnetic Shield” to Enable Human Colonization

NASA Has Plans to Give Mars a “Magnetic Shield” to Enable Human Colonization

 TerraformedMarsGlobeRealistic-700x432.jpg
Artist's conception of a terraformed Mars.
Credit: Ittiz/Wikimedia Commons
IN BRIEF
  • Since Mars lacks a protective atmosphere, it isn't habitable to humans. But in the interest of terraforming the Red Planet, scientists are looking at magnets.
  • Using a magnetic shield, scientists theorize they could recreate Mars' atmosphere and make conditions more hospitable for human life.

BUILDING MARS

At the forefront of modern space exploration looms the possibility of manned missions to Mars. From the ambitious schemes of Elon Musk, to NASA’s hopeful plan, to the collaborative endeavor of the ESA and Russia, it seems as though every major space agency is making strides towards putting humans on Mars. But, on a cold and desolate planet whose minuscule atmosphere is severely lacking, how do you sustain human life for long periods of time?

Many scientists and science fiction enthusiasts have, over the years, speculated at the possibility of terraforming Mars. Finding innovative ways to make the surface of the red planet gradually more conducive to human living. There have been many ideas and models created in the hopes of successful terraforming. Engineers designed a shell that could be placed around a small planet which could protect the planet from radiation and help to facilitate an atmosphere over time. Others thought that by breaking apart the martian crust they could release enough CO2 to build up an atmosphere. There have been many attempts, but the issues of cosmic and solar radiation paired with the unsurvivable atmosphere and dry terrain are always too much.

And, while the concept of terraforming Mars isn’t completely impossible, to successfully do it you would need to protect against cosmic radiation, solar radiation and solar winds, increase planet temperature, add oxygen and nitrogen to the atmosphere, and do all of this in a way that could be self-sustaining. Not impossible, but currently posing serious obstacles.

Artist’s rendering of a solar storm hitting Mars and stripping ions from the planet’s upper atmosphere.

Credits: NASA/GSFC

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The proposed method for creating an artificial magnetic dipole at Mars’ L1 Lagrange Point.

Credit: NASA/J.Green

MAGNETIC MARS

Despite all of these hurdles, scientists have not stopped trying to find inventive ways to terraform Mars. NASA recently proposed a unique strategy that shows a promising solution that could address some of these issues: a magnetic shield. Since the current scientific consensus is that Mars’ atmosphere was lost because of solar winds and the disappearance of the planet’s magnetic field, this solution shows promise. Mars’ magnetic field once protected the red planet while supporting an atmosphere (and moisture), and NASA scientists think it can be artificially restored.

According to Dr. Jim Green, Director of NASA’s Planetary Science Division, “In the future it is quite possible that an inflatable structure(s) can generate a magnetic dipole field at a level of perhaps 1 or 2 Tesla (or 10,000 to 20,000 Gauss) as an active shield against the solar wind.”

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At one time, Mars had a magnetic field similar to Earth, which prevented its atmosphere from being stripped away.

Credit: NASA

The research team working on this idea recently conducted a simulation with their artificial magnetosphere, thanks to the Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC). They found that their dipole shield would be able to protect against solar wind and help to balance the Martian atmosphere. Because the shield would work as an artificial magnetic field, the atmosphere would actually continue to thicken over time.

This could be just another stepping stone in a long line of terraforming concepts, but this solution holds concrete possibility. Because it could help to actually create a better atmosphere over time and can actually be simulated within a lab, it is possible that the future of terraforming will begin with magnets.

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Evolution on a Galactic Scale

Evolution on a Galactic Scale

Image result for photographs of distant galaxies show them 
Image result for photographs of distant galaxies show them
NASA
IN BRIEF
  • All matter in the Universe was created roughly 13.8 billion years ago during an event known as the Big Bang. Since then, everything has been evolving.
  • In a few billion years, our galaxy will collide with Andromeda, and it will form into a mega-galaxy.

On a clear night, you can make out the band of the Milky Way in the night sky. For millennia, astronomers looked upon it in awe, slowly coming to the realization that our Sun was merely one of billions of stars in the galaxy. Over time, as our instruments and methods improved, we came to realize that the Milky Way itself was merely one of billions of galaxies that make up the Universe.

Thanks to the discovery of Relativity and the speed of light, we have also come to understand that when we look through space, we are also looking back in time. By seeing an object 1 billion light-years away, we are also seeing how that object looked 1 billion years ago. This “time machine” effect has allowed astronomers to study how galaxies came to be (i.e. galactic evolution).

The process in which galaxies form and evolve is characterized by steady growth over time, which began shortly after the Big Bang. This process, and the eventual fate of galaxies, remain the subject of intense fascination, and is still fraught with its share of mysteries.

Illustration of the depth by which Hubble imaged galaxies in prior Deep Field initiatives, in units of the Age of the Universe. Credit: NASA and A. Feild (STScI) Illustration of the depth by which Hubble imaged galaxies in prior Deep Field initiatives, in units of the Age of the Universe. Credit: NASA and A. Feild (STScI)

GALAXY FORMATION:

The current scientific consensus is that all matter in the Universe was created roughly 13.8 billion years ago during an event known as the Big Bang. At this time, all matter was compacted into a very small ball with infinite density and intense heat called a Singularity. Suddenly, the Singularity began expanding, and the Universe as we know it began.

After rapidly expanding and cooling, all matter was almost uniform in distribution. Over the course of the several billion years that followed, the slightly denser regions of the Universe began to become gravitationally attracted to each other. They therefore grew even denser, forming gas clouds and large clumps of matter.

These clumps became primordial galaxies, as the clouds of hydrogen gas within the proto-galaxies underwent gravitational collapse to become the first stars. Some of these early objects were small, and became tiny dwarf galaxies, while others were much larger and became the familiar spiral shapes, like our own Milky Way.

GALACTIC MERGERS

Once formed, these galaxies evolved together in larger galactic structures called groups, clusters and superclusters. Over time, galaxies were attracted to one another by the force of their gravity, and collided together in a series of mergers. The outcome of these mergers depends on the mass of the galaxies in the collision.

Small galaxies are torn apart by larger galaxies and added to the mass of larger galaxies. Our own Milky Way recently devoured a few dwarf galaxies, turning them into streams of stars that orbit the galactic core. But when large galaxies of similar size come together, they become giant elliptical galaxies.

When this happens, the delicate spiral structure is lost, and the merged galaxies become large and elliptical. Elliptical galaxies are some of the largest galaxies ever observed. Another consequence of these mergers is that the supermassive black holes (SMBH) at their centers become even larger.

Not all mergers will result in elliptical galaxies, mind you. But all mergers result in a change in the structure of the merged galaxies. For example, it is believed that the Milky Way is experiencing a minor merger event with the nearby Magellanic Clouds; and in recent years, it has been determined that the Canis Major dwarf galaxy has merged with our own.

While mergers are seen as violent events, actual collisions are not expected to happen between star systems, given the vast distances between stars. However, mergers can result in gravitational shock waves, which are capable of triggering the formation of new stars. This is what is predicted to happen when our own Milky Way galaxy merges with the Andromeda galaxy in about 4 billion years time.

GALACTIC DEATH:

Ultimately, galaxies cease forming stars once they deplete their supply of cold gas and dust. As the supply runs out, star forming slows over the course of billions of years until it ceases entirely. However, ongoing mergers will ensure that fresh stars, gas and dust are deposited in older galaxies, thus prolonging their lives.

At present, it is believed that our galaxy has used up most of its hydrogen, and star formation will slow down until the supply is depleted. Stars like our Sun can only last for 10 billion years or so; but the smallest, coolest red dwarfs can last for a few trillion years. However, thanks to the presence of dwarf galaxies and our impending merger with Andromeda, our galaxy could exist even longer.

However, all galaxies in this vicinity of the Universe will eventually become gravitationally bound to each other and merge into a giant elliptical galaxy. Astronomers have seen examples of these sorts of “fossil galaxies”, a good of which is Messier 49 – a supermassive elliptical galaxy.

These galaxies have used up all their reserves of star forming gas, and all that’s left are the longer lasting stars. Eventually, over vast lengths of time, those stars will wink out one after the other, until the whole thing is the background temperature of the Universe.

After our galaxy merges with Andromeda, and goes on to merge with all other nearby galaxies in the local group, we can expect that it too will undergo a similar fate. And so, galaxy evolution has been occurring over billions of years, and it will continue to happen for the foreseeable future.

 { https://futurism.com/ }

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