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UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES

UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld
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Ontdek de Fascinerende Wereld van UFO's en UAP's: Jouw Bron voor Onthullende Informatie! Ben jij ook gefascineerd door het onbekende? Wil je meer weten over UFO's en UAP's, niet alleen in België, maar over de hele wereld? Dan ben je op de juiste plek! België: Het Kloppend Hart van UFO-onderzoek In België is BUFON (Belgisch UFO-Netwerk) dé autoriteit op het gebied van UFO-onderzoek. Voor betrouwbare en objectieve informatie over deze intrigerende fenomenen, bezoek je zeker onze Facebook-pagina en deze blog. Maar dat is nog niet alles! Ontdek ook het Belgisch UFO-meldpunt en Caelestia, twee organisaties die diepgaand onderzoek verrichten, al zijn ze soms kritisch of sceptisch. Nederland: Een Schat aan Informatie Voor onze Nederlandse buren is er de schitterende website www.ufowijzer.nl, beheerd door Paul Harmans. Deze site biedt een schat aan informatie en artikelen die je niet wilt missen! Internationaal: MUFON - De Wereldwijde Autoriteit Neem ook een kijkje bij MUFON (Mutual UFO Network Inc.), een gerenommeerde Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in de VS en wereldwijd. MUFON is toegewijd aan de wetenschappelijke en analytische studie van het UFO-fenomeen, en hun maandelijkse tijdschrift, The MUFON UFO-Journal, is een must-read voor elke UFO-enthousiasteling. Bezoek hun website op www.mufon.com voor meer informatie. Samenwerking en Toekomstvisie Sinds 1 februari 2020 is Pieter niet alleen ex-president van BUFON, maar ook de voormalige nationale directeur van MUFON in Vlaanderen en Nederland. Dit creëert een sterke samenwerking met de Franse MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP, wat ons in staat stelt om nog meer waardevolle inzichten te delen. Let op: Nepprofielen en Nieuwe Groeperingen Pas op voor een nieuwe groepering die zich ook BUFON noemt, maar geen enkele connectie heeft met onze gevestigde organisatie. Hoewel zij de naam geregistreerd hebben, kunnen ze het rijke verleden en de expertise van onze groep niet evenaren. We wensen hen veel succes, maar we blijven de autoriteit in UFO-onderzoek! Blijf Op De Hoogte! Wil jij de laatste nieuwtjes over UFO's, ruimtevaart, archeologie, en meer? Volg ons dan en duik samen met ons in de fascinerende wereld van het onbekende! Sluit je aan bij de gemeenschap van nieuwsgierige geesten die net als jij verlangen naar antwoorden en avonturen in de sterren! Heb je vragen of wil je meer weten? Aarzel dan niet om contact met ons op te nemen! Samen ontrafelen we het mysterie van de lucht en daarbuiten.

Berichten van 1 januari 2018 tot 31 januari 2018

UFO is filmed in the sky in Mexico as expert claims aliens are 'increasingly monitoring us'

UFO is filmed in the sky in Mexico as expert claims aliens are 'increasingly monitoring us'

  • A strange vertical object was spotted in the state of Baja California in Mexico
  • A video sparked a number of theories about what the flying object was
  • Expert Pedro Ramirez claims the UFO was the first alien sighting of 2018

A UFO filmed shooting through the the sky in Mexico shocked drivers but an expert claims that aliens are monitoring us. 

The footage of the mysterious object was shot alongside a busy road and sparked a number of theories about what the vertical flying object was.  

A woman who was travelling on the road in the state of Baja California in Mexico uploaded the video to the internet where it was picked up by UFO expert Pedro Ramirez. 

Mr Ramirez claimed the potiential UFO was the 'first sighting of 2018'.

He said: 'You can see that the tubular UFO is flying vertically over the city.'

He also claims that there has been increased alien activity during the last two months of 2017. 

He added: 'Aliens are aware that we have made a number of space launches recently and have identified that we have been sending up 'war material'. 

'Concerned by our activity, they have been increasingly monitoring our planet. 

'This year will be very important for those of us who follow this phenomenon closely.' 

A UFO filmed shooting through the the sky in the state of Baja California in Mexico shocked drivers and a woman can be heard asking 'what is that?'
But UFO expert Pedro Ramirez believes there is an extraterrestrial explanation. He said that Aliens are aware that we have made a number of space launches recently and have identified that we have been sending up 'war material' so they are monitoring us more closely

A UFO filmed shooting through the the sky in the state of Baja California in Mexico shocked drivers and a woman can be heard asking 'what is that?' during the video

Pedro believes that forthcoming launches by NASA and SpaceX  will lead to an increase in UFO sightings.

He said: 'Some of these space missions have 'suspicious objectives' that alien beings are aware of.'   

In the video, a woman can be heard saying 'what is it?' as she follows the UFO with her camera. 

The unusual object is clearly visible in the recording, silhouetted against the dramatic skyline.   

The video was shared 50,000 times by netizens who were either concerned by the sighting or utterly unimpressed. 

Some suggested that the UFO was someone testing a jetpack or that the video had even been faked.

{ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

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Geschreven door peter om 01:35 Stuur door

RED, BUT NOT DEAD - Life DID exist on Mars and alien lifeforms may once have thrived on the Martian surface, shock discovery suggests

RED, BUT NOT DEAD - Life DID exist on Mars and alien lifeforms may once have thrived on the Martian surface, shock discovery suggests

NASA Mars Rover finds chemical which indicates that living beings once called the Red Planet home.

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Geschreven door peter om 01:18 Stuur door

Are you aware of the phenomenon called Crop Circle? Are they Cosmic made or Man Made?

Are you aware of the phenomenon called Crop Circle? Are they Cosmic made or Man Made?

There is a marvel in our world called Crop circle, they are a large geometric pattern of flattened crops, most often found in fields around the south of England and also in other parts of the world.

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             Images are Crop circle in England and wall Paper showing Crop Circle

Crop circles are said by some who have studied them to be messages from intelligent extraterrestrial life, but many have been proved to be the work of humans.
Beginning in the late 1970s, simple crop circles began to appear regularly in the fields of Wiltshire, Oxfordshire, Somerset, and Gloucestershire in southern England. They were made at night, and over the years they became more complex, growing into large patterns of geometric forms hundreds of feet across.

Some people who studied crop circles were convinced that their intricacy and the fact that the plants seemed to be bent but not broken precluded a human creator, which meant that they were being produced either by some unknown natural phenomenon or by extraterrestrials.
In 1991 Doug Bower and Dave Chorley of Southampton, England, confessed to having made more than 200 crop circles since the late 1970s with nothing more complex than ropes and boards [although they are yet to produce a picture of them making a crop circle, they only demonstrated how to make a Crop Circle. Also, there had been mentioned of Crop Circle in Journals long before their confession]. They said they were initially inspired by a 1966 account of a UFO sighting near Tully, Queensland, Australia, in which a flying saucer supposedly landed in a lagoon and left behind a depressed area of reeds.
Crop circles appear regularly throughout the world, but the majority still appear in England and even those who view crop circles as messages from extraterrestrials or as unexplained natural phenomena admit that a significant portion of them are now made by humans. Nevertheless, they are beautiful, and a nice introduction to a different artistic perspective to humanity.Are you aware of this wonder called Crop Circle? What is your opinion, will like to know your opinion on this crop circle discussion?

{ http://designtocaredaily.blogspot.be/}

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Geschreven door peter om 00:52 Stuur door

UFO Legacy: What Impact Will Revelation of Secret Government Program Have?

UFO Legacy: What Impact Will Revelation of Secret Government Program Have?

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Geschreven door peter om 00:40 Stuur door

Stephen Hawking predicts that Earth could be destroyed due to global warming

Stephen Hawking predicts that Earth could be destroyed due to global warming

According to comments made by world-renowned theoretical physicist Professor Stephen Hawking, mankind doesn’t have much left to save our planet from climate change.

According to Professor Hawking, if we don’t act now, our beautiful planet could become like Venus with unbearably boiling hot temperatures on the surface.

The popular physicist said in Stephen Hawking’s Favorite Places that humanity must find a new “home” in space between the next 200 and 500 years if it wants to survive.

Scientists warn that Earth could turn into a planet similar to Venu if we don’t stop Global Warming.

Image Credit: Shutterstock.

To illustrate what could happen to Earth, Hawking explains the situation of another planet in our solar system: Venus.

“In many ways, Earth and Venus are the same,” explains Hawking, who added that both planets are like close relatives.

“Venus is almost the same size as Earth and is only a little closer to the Sun. It also has an atmosphere,” he continued.

However, when Hawking “arrives” at Venus in a virtual journey, an atmospheric pressure is found 90 times higher than that of our planet, “enough to crush a submarine,” according to the British physicist.

In addition, the temperature is around 200 ° C.

Hawking says that the current state of Venus is the result of what happens when greenhouse gases are out of control.

In turn, the scientist fears that the fate of our planet is the same.

“The next time you talk to someone who denies the existence of climate change, tell them to take a trip to Venus. I will take care of the expenses, “said the physicist in an ironic tone.

Furthermore, Professor Hawking said how US President Donald Trump’s decision to withdraw from the Paris Climate Agreement is a catastrophic move, which has doomed Earth to one day becoming totally uninhabitable.

Scientists believe how the build-up of Greenhouse gasses in Venus’ atmosphere made the planet turn into a boiling celestial body where temperatures can rise above 200 ° C, with winds of up to 100 meters per second, raging on the surface.

When President Trump decided it was best to leave the Paris Climate Agreement, Professor Hawking said: “We are close to the tipping point where global warming becomes irreversible. We are close to the tipping point where global warming becomes irreversible. Climate change is one of the great dangers we face and it’s one we can prevent if we act now.”

“By denying the evidence for climate change, and pulling out of the Paris Climate Agreement, Donald Trump will cause avoidable environmental damage to our beautiful planet, endangering the natural world, for us and our children.”

For those interested, the audiovisual series led by Hawking, which was awarded last year with an Emmy, can be seen on the Curiosity Stream platform.

{ https://www.ancient-code.com/ }

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Geschreven door peter om 00:10 Stuur door

Out-of-This-World Diamond-Studded Rock Just Got Even Weirder

Out-of-This-World Diamond-Studded Rock Just Got Even Weirder

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Geschreven door peter om 23:58 Stuur door

Ancient Aliens? Footage of vertical UFO flying over city in Mexico captured | Watch Videos

Ancient Aliens? Footage of vertical UFO flying over city in Mexico captured | Watch Videos

Ancient Aliens? (Video Grab)

Ancient Aliens? (Video Grab)

New Delhi:

A mysterious object has been spotted in the skies of Mexico and is said to be Alien's UFO. According to reports, a new video captured in a cellphone shows footage of a vertical UFO flying over a city in Baja, Mexico. 

The footage is not so clear but the still images from the video show a vertical, perhaps cylindrical object flying over the city. Also, this is not the first time that something is seen moving in the sky.

However, the video which was shot from the Mexican state of Baja, California is widely considered to be the first alien UFO sighting post new year, and the clip has already gone viral on social media platforms.

As the clip went viral, many conspiracy theorists have come forward explaining the weird sighting. Pedro Ramirez, a UFO expert said that this is the first UFO sighting in 2018.

Ramirez told Daily Mail that the last two months of 2017 have witnessed an increased spike in UFO activities, and this will increase in the coming days, as NASA and Space X are busy gearing up with new launches.

He said: ‘You can see that the tubular UFO is flying vertically over the city.‘

He also claims that there has been increased alien activity during the last two months of 2017. 

He added: ‘Aliens are aware that we have made a number of space launches recently and have identified that we have been sending up ‘war material‘. 

‘Concerned by our activity, they have been increasingly monitoring our planet. 

‘This year will be very important for those of us who follow this phenomenon closely.‘ 

Pedro believes that forthcoming launches by NASA and SpaceX  will lead to an increase in UFO sightings.

He added, ‘Some of these space missions have ‘suspicious objectives‘ that alien beings are aware of.‘   

In the video, a woman can be heard saying ‘what is it?‘ as she follows the UFO with her camera. 

The unusual object is clearly visible in the recording, silhouetted against the dramatic skyline.   

The video was shared 50,000 times by netizens who were either concerned by the sighting or utterly unimpressed.

Video Credit:Virality TV YouTube

{ http://www.newsnation.in/ }

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Geschreven door peter om 23:47 Stuur door

UFOs are REAL and use ‘new energy’ that could change our future - expert

UFOs are REAL and use ‘new energy’ that could change our future - expert

UFOs are real and use extremely advanced technology that could lead to breakthroughs in energy production on Earth, it was sensationally claimed today.

Jan Harzan, one of the world’s top UFO investigators, said his organisation had proved over the past 50 years that flying saucers really exist.

Mr Harzan is executive director of the Mutual UFO Network (MUFON), the world’s biggest organisation dedicated to UFO and alien research.

The US-based organisation maintains a database of sightings that is updated daily, with many cases investigated.

It has so far analysed more than 100,000 UFO cases.

Many are explained away, but the organisation says around five percent have no earthly explanation.

Mr Harzan was speaking in response to recent revelations that the US Government ploughed millions of dollars into a top-secret investigation into the potential threat posed by UFOs.

He said: “MUFON has been investigating and researching the UFO phenomenon since 1969.

“The group's analysis of over 100,000 UFO reports over the past five decades has shown three things to be true:

UFO-UFO

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TURNING POINT: Jan Harzan of MUFON says his organisation has proved UFOs are real advanced tech.

One, UFOs are real; two, UFOs represent extremely advanced technology and, three, tremendous breakthroughs will happen if we make it safe for our scientists and engineers to study this phenomenon unimpeded.

Jan Harzan

“One, UFOs are real; two, UFOs represent extremely advanced technology and, three, tremendous breakthroughs will happen if we make it safe for our scientists and engineers to study this phenomenon unimpeded. 

“These breakthroughs involve the fields of propulsion, energy, communication, biology and consciousness, to name just a few.”

Many UFO believers are convinced that UFOs are powered by a “free energy” system that has no cost to produce.

There is a growing conspiracy theory that the US Government already knows how to harness this power after allegedly recovering a crashed UFO at Roswell in 1947.

However, the theory claims that those behind the fossil fuel industry have surpressed its existence so they can continue to cash in on the polluting power source.

It comes after last month’s revelations about the Pentagon’s Advanced Aviation Threat Identification Program (AATIP) featured US Navy footage of a mystery UFO off the coast of San Diego in November 2004.

Luis Elizondo, the former intelligence officer who ran the AATIP and then outed it, said it defied the laws of physics.

Mr Harzan said the news was a "turning point” in UFO investigation.

He told Space.com: “This is just the tip of the iceberg.

“MUFON’s military vaults are full of such videos and data on these objects. 

“Now that the spill gates have been opened a little, it is time for the rest to come out in an orderly fashion.

“And in so doing, make it safe for our scientists and engineers to study this phenomenon without fear of ridicule or retribution, but with funding provided by Congress and private industry." 

Alejandro Rojas, spokesman for the Scientific Coalition for Ufology (SCU), said being unexplained did not mean the UFOs were alien.

He said: “Remember, the 'U' is for unidentified, not alien.

"We don't know what these things are.

“Just because we get uncomfortable with the idea of aliens does not mean we should not investigate when the people who pilot our most advanced technology say they encounter something that outclasses their aircraft. It would be highly negligent not to investigate." 

Steven Aftergood of the Project on Government Secrecy at the Federation of American Scientists in Washington, DC, also urged caution.

He said: “It is somewhat dismaying to see how quickly 'unidentified' aerial phenomena are publicly interpreted and portrayed as UFOs of possibly extraterrestrial origin.

"Collectively, we should all be becoming more intelligent and more perceptive, not more stupid and gullible."

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Geschreven door peter om 18:48 Stuur door

Egypt’s Mysterious Granite Feet and a Throne Made of Meteorites

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Egypt’s Mysterious Granite Feet and a Throne Made of Meteorites

It seems you can’t throw a stone in Egypt without hitting some ancient artifact, and the odds are favorable that the artifact is somehow connected to a pharaoh or pyramid. It also seems that a favorite game to play there – since the country finally got serious about protecting these artifacts from looters and black marketeers – is “Guess what’s in the pyramid?” If you had bet on both happening in the same week, you’re a winner.

In one of the strangest headlines about Egyptology, local media outlets were shouting in big letters that “Granite Feet Belonging to Pharaoh Discovered in Parking Lot!” According to Egypt Independent, which had a more subtle headline, the parking lot was in Akhmim in the Sohag governorate where construction workers were digging it up for new development. Instead, they found an old development – part of a black granite statue that appeared to be two feet with the left foot pointing forward (seen here). That points to the feet belonging to a statue of an Egyptian king who were traditionally represented in this way.

Not a pharaoh’s foot but still impressive

But whose kingly feet are these? That was explained by the right one which was covered with hieroglyphics (seen here) showing the coronation and birth names of King Amenhotep III. This comes as no surprise to Egyptologists – over 250 statues of Amenhotep III have been discovered, the most of any pharaoh. Perhaps that was his plan in case he didn’t get a pyramid … which he didn’t. Amenhotep III was buried in a royal tomb in the Western Valley of the Valley of the Kings. His granite feet, on the other hand, now reside at the Sohag Museum where they’re getting a restorative pedicure.

Meanwhile, back at the pyramids …

Speculation has been running rampant among experts about what could be in the newly-discovered mysterious void in the Great Pyramid of Giza. One of the first and certainly most interesting comes from Giulio Magli, Director of the Department of Mathematics and Professor of Archaeoastronomy at the Politecnico di Milano in Italy. He writes in his new paper on the subject:

“A possible explanation of this space, interpreted as a chamber connected to the lower north channel and aimed to contain a specific funerary equipment is tentatively proposed. According to the Pyramid Texts, this equipment might consist of a “Iron throne”, actually a wooden throne endowed with meteoritic Iron sheets.”

An Egyptian throne

That’s right. The Pyramid Texts — carved on the walls and sarcophagi of the pyramids at Saqqara during the 5th and 6th Dynasties of the Old Kingdom – say that “the pharaoh, before reaching the stars of the north, will have to pass the gates of the sky and sit on his throne of iron.” Magli believes that the only way ancient Egyptians could imagine an iron throne — actually a wooden throne covered with metal — reaching the stars was if it were covered with star material itself … metals collected from meteorites. Farfetched? We recently found out that King Tutankhamun’s dagger was made from meteor matter. Could Cheops have rested his royal tush on a star seat?

Of course, the only way to find out is to look inside the void inside the pyramid. That may happen If the folks at ScanPyramid can get permission to drill a tiny shaft and insert a micro-blimp drone to explore it. How will it know if the throne is covered with meteor metal? Have you ever heard of accidental bumps?

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

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Geschreven door peter om 18:31 Stuur door

Distant Aromatic Gas Cloud in Space Found to Contain Building Blocks of Life

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Distant Aromatic Gas Cloud in Space Found to Contain Building Blocks of Life

The search for alien life isn’t concerned solely with searching for advanced extraterrestrial races, but also with discovering if the so-called ‘building blocks’ of life exist elsewhere in the cosmos. Earth is so far the only planet on which the necessary ingredients for life are found – based on our current definition and understanding of what life is, that is. Given that all life on Earth is carbon-based, scientists believe the element is one of the most basic components needed to create life. Astronomers still don’t understand where Earth’s carbon came from, and in turn life, but a new discovery in a nearby corner of space now has some scientists wondering if we might have found some of the raw ingredients of life in the universe.

The Taurus Molecular Cloud

The Taurus Molecular Cloud

Astronomers using the Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia discovered the chemical signature of a molecule known as benzonitrile (C6H5CN) in a massive cloud of dust and gas known as the Taurus Molecular Cloud 1. The cloud sits some 430 light-years from Earth in the Taurus constellation and is the nearest star formation region, making it perfect for the study of cosmological processes. Scientists have long been searching for benzonitrile and other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the universe as it is believed they may be abundant, but their chemical signatures hasn’t been found prior to this new study. These carbon-rich molecules are believed to a common source of carbon throughout the universe, and therefore in some ways are the main building blocks for life.

Carbon bonds are resilient, but also able to be rearranged by various processes, thus making them a perfect "building block."

Carbon bonds are resilient, but also able to be rearranged by various processes, thus making carbon a perfect “building block.”

Now that we have found at least one source for these molecules, scientists might be able to start piecing together the mystery of where and how life originated in the universe. Georgia Southern University astrochemist Ryan Fortenberry told Scientific American that this discovery could inch us closer towards understanding one of the great mysteries of humankind:

We need carbon to make planets, to make life, to do interesting chemistry. We have this hypothesis about where the carbon is tied up, but we’ve had no way to confirm it. [Benzonitrile] allows us to start looking in the right places.

While right now this discovery is little more than the discovery of a giant carbon-rich gas cloud, it might one day lead us to find where we came from: giant stinking cloud. Did I mention the giant cloud of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons just so happens to smell like almonds, hence their name? Neat.

There are worse things to smell like I suppose.

There are worse things to smell like I suppose.

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

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Geschreven door peter om 18:15 Stuur door

Photographer caught Glowing Green Object in the sky over Area 51

Photographer caught Glowing Green Object in the sky over Area 51

The photographer was driving around the dirty roads around the perimeter of Area 51 and took many images with his I-phone set to “live” photos but saw nothing at the time.

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When he reviewed the images he noticed in one image a large vertical glowing green object in the sky.

The photographer said that he has an interest in unexplained phenomena, but have never before seen anything live or in any photo he took. He understands there could be multiple other explanations, but he doesn’t know how to explain this glowing object. Mufon case 89517.

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The following image was taken by a tourist last year 2017 who made a trip to Villefranche de Confluent in France and shows an odd object hovering over the top of a snowy mountain.

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When zoomed in on the object it appears to be surrounded with bright lights.The strange object was not visible in other images taken at the same time. Mufon case 89519.

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{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

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Geschreven door peter om 17:59 Stuur door

The Super Nations are going to fight against an Evil from Space?

The Super Nations are going to fight against an Evil from Space?

SpaceX launched the secret Zuma spacecraft on January 7, 2018, Sunday night and although according to some media reports, citing anonymous government officials, have reported that the Northrop Grumman-built Zuma spacecraft may have failed after it launched into orbit we believe that the launch was a success.

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Then we have the mysterious bright sky-filling flash that turned night into day, huge booms and ground shaking over thousands of miles in Russia after midnight Sunday, January 7, 2018.

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And now it appears that The United States government plans to launch a new classified reconnaissance spy satellite, the NROL-47, today, if not delayed again.

The launch of the NROL-47 spy-satellite comes only 5 days after the launch of the SpaceX/Zuma satellite and a third classified mission is scheduled for October.

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If the NROL-47 launch isn't enough, Space agencies in China and India are also expected to launch rockets coming Thursday.

With India there are now 5 nations (US, Russia, China, Japan, and India) who have launched rockets with satellites; it seems that they are putting up a wall of satellites around the earth to monitor something.

Now let’s take a look at the logo from NROL-47 and you see that it depicts the symbol of the Knight Templars and the words “Mali Nunquam Praevalebunt” which means “Evil Will Never Prevail”

As you can see in the logo; A Knight Templar is swinging his sword, fighting against a dragon.

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We can only imagine that they have chosen such a distinctive logo depicting the battle between good and evil if there really is a serious threat from space.

About the mysterious flash, boom and ground shaking event in Russia as well as all other similar events around the world, in her latest report, Linda Moulton Howe suggests that what we are dealing with here; is an alien presence on earth and a drop of the solar system and beyond.

Whatever the threatening danger from space could be, the Governments with the possible help of the aliens here on earth have a good reason to bring their secret satellites/weapons into space.

By showing the Knight Templar logo, they actually are telling us that they are ready to fight against the evil, whatever it may be.

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

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Geschreven door peter om 17:43 Stuur door

Top Space Researcher Says The UFO That Chased US Jets May Be Aliens

Top Space Researcher Says The UFO That Chased US Jets May Be Aliens

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A top scientist bared his thought recently about a video footage that made the rounds online showing a UFO apparently chasing US jet fighters. Dr Michio Kaku has said the mysterious object that the US military personnel reported could be a new type of super-fast aircraft. The US military personnel reported seeing a strange object that apparently chased some of their warplanes.

However, the well-known physicist also said that the UFO could be extraterrestrials.

Reports that the Pentagon has been running a multi-million-pound program dedicated to investigating UFOs for years has emerged recently.

A video has also been released depicting two US pilots checking on unusual aircraft in the Pacific Ocean approximately a hundred miles from San Diego. The UFO reportedly first made an appearance at 80,000 feet.

Strangely enough, it hurtled towards the sea before halting at around 20,000ft and then vanishing.

Dr Kaku, the world-renowned physicist, gave his thoughts on the reported encounter and Pentagon research.

He said that UFOs chasing the military jets might be experimental hypersonic drones, or perhaps aliens from outer space. He added that he keeps an open mind.

Both China and Russia are developing hypersonic aircraft with speed reportedly over five times the speed of sound.

China has been sending drones into space in recent years and experimenting with hypersonic technology.

There were reports that the People’s Liberation Army (PLS) has been developing ballistic missiles called hypersonic glide vehicles (HGV), which can strike anywhere in the US in less than an hour. They are capable of delivering nuclear payloads within a matter of minutes, which might leave defence systems useless.

Russia has claimed their 16,000mph hypersonic nuke missiles could be all set for operation in two years.

The US also has reportedly developing hypersonic weapons that can travel at five times the speed of sound and destroy targets with a kinetic energy warhead.

Meanwhile, former US Navy pilot commander David Fravor, who chased a UFO in 2004 in one of the two fighter jets, warned that leaders in the world should take the alien threat seriously.

Speaking about his encounter, Mr Fravor said that they saw the UFO on a bright day. He said that it had no windows and no form of propulsion. He described the UFO as a big white object.

He cut across to get closer to the UFO, but it accelerated in tremendous speed and disappeared. He said that it was gone in just a matter of a second.

{ http://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

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Geschreven door peter om 17:29 Stuur door

Watch – Bright UFO Near The Moon

Watch – Bright UFO Near The Moon

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Matt Beland was taking a break to smoke after working all day on January 1, 2018. Amazed at the view of the moon, he took photos of it, but he saw something that even made him more astonish. He decided to flipped the video on and began recording.

The video seems to show a bright unidentified flying object (UFO) either coming out or leaving the moon till it vanishes.

It is not revealed where the video was taken.

According to Matt, it was not the first time he saw the mysterious thing next to the moon as he has seen the same UFO several times before.

{ http://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

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Geschreven door peter om 17:25 Stuur door

Mysterious Radio Blasts from a Distant Galaxy Draw Attention of Alien Hunters

Mysterious Radio Blasts from a Distant Galaxy Draw Attention of Alien Hunters

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Geschreven door peter om 01:45 Stuur door

We believe Tom DeLonge, who quit blink-182 to prove aliens exist

We believe Tom DeLonge, who quit blink-182 to prove aliens exist

Proof that the truth is out there is more important than pop-punk.

Very Intriguing Person

is a series about people who fascinate us, for better or worse.

To a certain degree, the rise, fall, and eventual redemption of blink-182 follows the textbook rock and roll narrative. A group of winsome young men (Mark Hoppus; Tom DeLonge; and some guy who was quickly kicked out in favor of the virtuosic Travis Barker), armed with catchy tunes and interesting haircuts, get plucked from the ranks of their scene by a major label, who elevates them to stardom beyond their comprehension. But creative differences yield interpersonal sleights which yield solo projects, and by the time they all get their shit together they’ve been replaced by younger bands. The cycle starts anew.

For bands willing to wait out the ensuing storm of unpopularity, a beautiful rainbow awaits, replete with a nostalgia-tinged gold. Reader, blink-182 had reached this promised land. By 2011, they were back together, playing stadiums. Their once-young fans had grown up, and most of them had money, and the ones who didn’t had become music writers. They made an album called Neighborhoods, which sold poorly because it was bad, but it didn’t matter because they could still play the hits; Twitter became a thing, and Mark Hoppus got pretty good at making dad jokes on it. All there was left to do now was make a kind-of okay album, and the circle would be complete.

But, like many a protagonist in a blink-182 song, that album never came. In January 2015, Hoppus and Barker issued a press release announcing that DeLonge would no longer be playing with the band and had been effectively replaced by Matt Skiba of Alkaline Trio. Given that the group only had three members to begin with, and that DeLonge was the one who played guitar, this was a pretty big deal. Together, he and Hoppus produced anthems full of starry-eyed, emotive juvenalia while managing to be as dumb as humanly possible — they were half Lennon-McCartney, half David St. Hubbins and Nigel Tufnel of Spinal Tap. Without DeLonge, they were blink-182 only in name. But, as Hoppus explained to Rolling Stone, DeLonge had spent years pushing back blink-related projects to concentrate on “other, non-musical stuff” and that he, Barker, and Skiba would carry on in his absence.

So what, exactly, was this other, non-musical stuff?

Tom DeLonge had decided to go look for aliens.

This year, NASA will be launching a satellite called TESS, whose job it will be to map out all the stars we can see, so that we can identify planets that aren’t too far from their sun to be really cold, but not so close that they’d be too hot. (This ideal space is called the “Goldilocks Zone.”) From there, a high-powered space telescope will hone in on those planets and analyze their wavelengths, looking for these biosignature gases. By the calculations of Sara Seager, the MIT astronomer who conceptualized the project, that this process, once complete, will provide us with exactly one life-bearing planet besides our own.

Tom DeLonge, however, thinks the aliens are already here. During his music-making prime, DeLonge had long been fascinated by conspiracy theories. He referenced the alleged 50s-era alien hunters Majestic 12 on Enema of the State’s “Aliens Exist”; the sole album by his Box Car Racer side project was peppered with angsty lyrics about how frustrated he was with the lack of government disclosure about various secrets; in 2001 he got married on Coronado, an island near San Diego that was once the site of an alleged alien abduction. (From here on out, just mentally insert the word “alleged” whenever you see something that seems dubious, because shit’s about to get alleged as hell.)

But around the time of his split with blink, he went full tinfoil. He began giving conspiracy-laden interviews to incredulous outlets, who gleefully racked up clicks by playing up the incongruity of the blink-182 guy talking about aliens. He became a curious footnote in last year’s presidential election when a Wikileaks dump of Hillary Clinton’s emails revealed he’d been communicating with Clinton campaign chairman John Podesta about aliens, which in part led to him being named “UFO Researcher of the Year” by OpenMinds.tv.

Last October, he made an appearance on Joe Rogan’s podcast, in which the disconcertingly aggro stand-up goaded DeLonge into dropping basically every fringe belief he had. He claimed, among other things, that the first “unidentified flying objects” in American history were created by ex-Nazis living in Argentina using alien technology; that the Cold War never erupted into violence because we were worried about an impending alien invasion; that he’d spoken with a reliable government source who has seen a dead alien body; that he was once interrogated by the Men in Black for two days straight; that the ancient gods were actually aliens, and also humans are descended from aliens, and also, by the way, there are aliens on Earth as we speak.

When Rogan pressed DeLonge on why anyone should believe literally anything he was talking about, DeLonge claimed that he had shadowy deep-state sources revealing all of this to him, and that they’d entrusted him and his company, To the Stars, with slowly revealing the truth to the American public. And when Rogan pressed him about why anyone should believe that, he would say, simply, “You don’t know what I know.”

Given all of this, it’s perfectly understandable why the general public might think DeLonge was completely off his rocker. But even ufologists — the community of amateur researchers and conspiracy theorists devoted to turning up every shred of evidence to be found about the existence of aliens, who, it goes without saying, are highly prone to paranoia and infighting — havemixed feelings about DeLonge. Some think it’s cool that he’s a high-profile guy using his platform to talk about this stuff; others think he’s a huckster playing up his connections in an attempt to make money; others still think he’s a government stooge spreading misinformation.

blink-182 in happier days.

blink-182 in happier days. 

Since DeLonge is the most famous person who will invariably talk about aliens if you put a microphone in front of his face, he has quickly become the public face of ufology. This has made him a frequent punching bag for the ur-nerds of the r/aliens subreddit, who mocked his seemingly dubious connections to the Deep State, as well as his habit of making grand pronouncements of impending government disclosure that never seemed to come true. That was, at least until December 16, when The New York Times dropped a report, revealing that the government, at the behest of former Senators Harry Reid, Daniel Inouye, and Ted “Series of Tubes” Stevens, had been siphoning off millions of dollars per year to research UFOs. Not only did DeLonge seem to have correctly called that a disclosure was coming, the Times revealed that Luis Elizondo, the government’s former point man when it came to UFOs, had left his work with the government and joined DeLonge’s company To the Stars.

“It’s something amazing. Historic,” wrote a poster on a DeLonge-bashing r/aliens thread whose tone, after the news broke, had suddenly reversed its course. “I thought he was full of shit, but the NYT article actually mentions To the Stars,” added another. “Something really did come. Maybe Tom isn’t crazy after all,” wrote a third person, summing up the collective shock at the news.

Despite how hard the square world had been clowning him, it seems that DeLonge had indeed managed to attract some extremely serious people to his company. One of his co-founders is a former senior intelligence officer at the CIA; the other is a theoretical physicist who has consulted with NASA and was once enlisted by the CIA to research the insane phenomena of “remote viewing.” Meanwhile, pretty much everyone else affiliated with the company is either a former high-level government official, an acclaimed scientist, or both. The company’s business model seems to function something like this: DeLonge co-authors books, including the well-regarded Poet Anderson young adult science fiction series, whose proceeds help fund the research by everybody else, and the whole shebang is meant to help our feeble sheeple brains cope with the massive paradigm shifts that will occur once the aliens show up. (To the Stars is also a public company; after listening to his interview with Joe Rogan I decided to buy some shares because DeLonge mentioned they were really cheap. What he didn’t say was that though shares cost $5 each, the minimum investment is $200, so I didn’t end up pulling the trigger.)

George Knapp, a Las Vegas-based journalist who has the distinction of both winning a Peabody and occasionally hosting the very fun late-night conspiracy kookfest that is the Coast to Coast AM radio show, put all of this into context while speaking to Coast to Coast’s regular host George Noory. “A lot of people, Tom [DeLonge] drives them crazy… but the fact is he put this thing together,” he said. Knapp, who explained that he’d had multiple off-record conversations with the now-retired Reid about the program during his time in office and that he’d recently eaten dinner with Elizondo, continued (quote has been condensed and lightly edited for clarity):

“Elizondo had been collecting UFO information for ten years. And for the last year, he’s been making preparations. He’s been declassifying videos that have been acquired of military encounters with UFOs, putting them in places where they could be leaked out without getting him in trouble, because he had a place to go with Tom DeLonge. That’s what really kicked off all these revelations that have come out. Elizondo worked directly for James Mattis — he loved the guy — [but] he wrote a letter to him when he resigned saying, “Look, this UFO issue is really important. We’re not putting enough resources into it. That’s why I’m leaving to go work for Tom DeLonge. Whether Tom’s endeavor will work or not, we’re going to have to wait and see, but man, he’s really delivered I think.”

VERY INTRIGUING PERSON

I don’t think it did me much harm, and people will see that soon.

Even if DeLonge is exaggerating or even bullshitting in his public statements, the fact that he played a substantial role in the disclosure of the government’s UFO hunting program is a redemption far greater than anything his ex-bandmates have found. Reforming your non-cool band once it’s been once again deemed cool is, more than anything, reacting to the whims of the market, and shifting notions of taste. Deciding that you’d rather forego that sweet, sweet festival money to go off and do your own thing is a different kind of admirable. And when we consider that DeLonge’s version of doing his own thing was to go look for aliens with a bunch of ex-spies, then it’s impossible to be anything less than weirdly impressed.

Today, our behavior and speech are constantly monitored by our peers and measured against those around us. Some of this is positive, of course — one of the ideals of free speech is not using yours in ways that might limit someone else’s — but it can also have a chilling effect on our capacity for disagreement. By giving us what we want all the time, the internet tends to sort us into buckets based on the things we like, surrounded by people who think like we do, and when people get thrown into an unfamiliar bucket and say their typical spiel, everybody else around them ends up mocking them or attacking them.

It’s likely that, no matter how vindicated DeLonge might be to some by this recent New York Times report, people will always view him as a bit of a nutjob. After all, he is the guy who quit blink-182 to find aliens. Still, there’s something brave about the fact that DeLonge chooses to keep at it anyway, and no matter who will acknowledge it, it seems like he genuinely might be onto something, even if he’s also off about a lot of other things. But if we’re at a point, culturally, where we’re going to take the possibility of aliens existing a bit more seriously, and we’re already taking blink-182 more seriously, then we might just have to start taking Tom DeLonge a bit more seriously, too.

{ https://theoutline.com/ }

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Geschreven door peter om 01:33 Stuur door

Where to Go for the Best Chance to See a UFO in America

Where to Go for the Best Chance to See a UFO in America

The first renowned sighting of a UFO occurred back in 1947, and it was reported by a man named Kenneth Arnold. He laid claim that while he was flying his airplane around Mount Rainier in Washington, he noticed not one, but nine objects flying at incredibly high speeds — upwards of a few thousand miles per hour. It was Arnold’s description of the objects moving “like saucers skipping on the water” that the term flying saucer was coined.

As sightings of unidentified aerial phenomena or UFOs continued to roll in, the Air Force felt it needed to be privy to the action, launching its own investigation known as Project Sign in 1948. Investigations have continued into the 21st century, including the Pentagon’s recently revealed $22 million investigation, known as the Advanced Aviation Threat Identification Program.

Nevertheless, for those who haven’t witnessed a UFO, the phenomenon seems questionable at the very least. So if you’re eager to get a glimpse with your own two eyes, here’s where you should go for the best chance to see a UFO.

15. Albuquerque, New Mexico

Albuquerque new Mexico

The skies over Albuquerque, New Mexico get a lot of UFO action. | iStock.com/alex grichenko

There have been 376 reported UFO sightings in Albuquerque alone. Ranging anywhere from a split second to nearly one hour in length, the sightings vary in color, shape, and size. A report in April 2017 claimed to see an object hovering in the sky with a rounded bottom and funneled top with lights beaming from all directions.

Next: The Midwest is no stranger to UFOs.

14. Springfield, Missouri

Springfield, Missouri

UFOs love this small, midwestern city. | City of Springfield, Missouri

Numerous UFO sightings have occurred in Springfield  — 380 to be exact. And according to the reports, some onlookers’ experiences lasted well over an entire hour. Reporters claimed they witnessed an entire spectrum of colors coming from multi-dimensional, low-flying objects.

Next: Theme parks, Disney, and alien activity

13. Orlando, Florida

UFOs made for an interesting New Year’s 2018 in Orlando. | iStock/Getty Images

As recently as January 1, 2018, reports came in of UFO activity in Orlando. According to one individual, what began as one very large spotlight quickly turned into numerous spotlights in a semi-circle formation. The sighting lasted over an hour and a half and was witnessed by numerous individuals.

Next: The Big Apple has seen its fair share of UFOs.

12. New York City

Times Square in New York City

Maybe Times Square reminds aliens of home? | AndreyKrav/iStock/Getty Images

In 2017 alone, 39 UFO sightings were reported in New York City. While it appears that sightings were down in comparison to 2016’s 47 reported sightings, many New Yorkers claimed to witness flashing lights and objects of all shapes and sizes that lasted anywhere from 30 seconds to 30 minutes. There have been 418 UFO sightings in the Manhattan borough alone.

Next: The stars at night are big and bright

11. Austin, Texas

Austin Texas Reflections Lady Bird Lake

UFOs are doing their part to keep Austin weird. | RoschetzkyIstockPhoto/iStock/Getty Images

There are 426 UFO sightings on record for Austin, Texas. In January 2017, reports came flying in about orange, fireball-like orbs flying around in the sky. According to the news report, three lights in a triangle formation split apart moving at impressive speeds. Photos were captured and numerous reports came in from all over Texas and even Louisiana and each report describing the same phenomenon.

Next: It’s not the Rocky Mountain high that has everyone seeing visions of UFOs.

10. Denver, Colorado

denver

UFOs seem drawn to the Mile High City. | Kevork Djansezian/Getty Images

Reports of UFOs out of Denver and the surrounding area are strong, totaling out at 429. From mere seconds to multiple hours, the reports claim sightings of spherical, oval, rectangular, triangular and even disc-like shapes emitting lights reminiscent of the colors from the entire spectrum.

Next: Could it be another Lone Star state space invasion? 

9. Houston, Texas

Houston residents know to watch the skies. | Sean Pavone/iStock/Getty Images

Awe and bewilderment struck many Houston residents regarding what still seems to be an unexplainable aerial phenomenon. A police officer claimed to see a bright orange orb of light that he believes was a UFO. This makes one of the 466 reports of UFOs in the Houston area.

Next: Morning surf session and evening UFO sightings

8. San Diego

Military pilots have seen some weird things above San Diego.| iStock/Getty Images

It was off the coast of San Diego where Navy pilots witnessed what appeared to be a “whole fleet” of disc-shaped UFOs. The experience occurred in 2004 and was investigated by the Pentagon’s Advanced Aviation Threat Identification Program. As it currently stands, there have 477 UFO reports out of San Diego.

Next: The desert seems to be the ideal sightings

7. Tucson, Arizona

Cityscape of Tucson downtown, Arizona

Tucson apparently gets the attention of little green men. | iStock/Getty Images

“Halting lights that stare back” and an “impossible eclipse of the crescent moon” are just two of the bizarre reports that have come out of Tucson regarding UFO sightings. And with close to 500 sightings on record, it’s no surprise that onlookers have experienced some otherworldly scenes. One resident driving home in May of 2017 claimed to have seen a light brighter than the moon in the eastern sky. With the experience came a “very mild sense of vertigo and nausea.”

Next: UFOs have been spotted by millions in this West Coast metropolis

6. Los Angeles

LAX airport in Los Angeles

Have UFOs mistaken the control tower at LAX airport as one of their own? | jupiterimages/iStock/Getty Images

A plethora of UFO sightings have come out of Los Angeles, and they certainly don’t seem to be slowing down. While the city of Los Angeles has just over 500 documented reports, the state as a whole has over 12,000 reports on record. In fact, millions in the Los Angeles region once watched a “massive blue UFO” fly overhead.

Next: 1950s flying saucers and whole lotta man buns

5. Portland, Oregon

Portland

Portland has been a hotbed of UFO activity for nearly 70 years. | iStock/Getty Images

The Trent UFO photos from 1950 solidified Oregon as a hotspot for UFO activity. And quite frankly, the photos are pretty legitimate, considering kids weren’t flying drones around back in 1950. Ever since then, Oregon has continued to see its fair share of UFO activity. Portland, in particular, has 528 sightings on record. Meaning your chances of spotting a flying saucer are reasonably high.

Next: Is it a bird? Is it a plane? 

4. Chicago

Chicago gets more than its fair share of UFO sightings. | Ibsky/iStock/Getty Images

While many UFO reports are considered a little bonkers, some folks can recall the 2006 Chicago O’Hare Airport UFO sighting. The “flying saucer-like” object was witnessed by seasoned airline professionals who believe what they saw was unmistakeably a UFO. One United Airlines manager told the Tribune, “I stood outside in the gate area not knowing what to think, just trying to figure out what it was.” This makes one of 562 reports for Chicago.

Next: Space needles or space aliens? 

3. Seattle

Seattle downtown and Space Needle

Seattle has its share of alleged UFO sightings. | aiisha5/iStock/Getty Images

Perhaps you recall the Kenneth Arnold UFO report mentioned earlier. That took place just over an hour from Seattle. While it marked the beginning of the UFO sightings in the region, it certainly was not the last. In fact, the city has reported well over 600 sightings since.

Next: Viva Las Vegas (and Area 51)

2. Las Vegas

cityscape Las Vegas.

It makes sense that aliens would love a place like Vegas. | Sky_Sajjaphot/iStock/Getty Images

There isn’t much surprise in finding Las Vegas at the number two spot for UFO sightings. After all, Area 51 is less than two hours away from Sin City. However, when it comes to Vegas proper, the city has had 649 documented UFO reports. One YouTube video posted by an individual in Las Vegas depicts four yellow-orange, moon-like orbs hovering in the night sky. The orbs started vividly flashing before immediately disappearing into the thin air. Later in the evening, the orbs reappeared, baffling the heck out of viewers.

Next: The cream of the crop is right here

1. Phoenix, Arizona

Phoenix Arizona with its downtown lit

Spend enough time in Phoenix and you’ll see some interesting things in the sky. | Dreamframer/iStock/Getty Images

Topping the charts with just shy of 1,000 reported UFO sightings, Phoenix, Arizona, seems to be on fire with activity. And with mysterious light formations regularly appearing in the sky, the chatter of UFO activity doesn’t seem to quiet for long. If you’re on the hunt, this may be your prime spot for spotting a UFO.

Check out The Cheat Sheet on Facebook!

{ https://www.cheatsheet.com/?ref=TN }

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Coming Distractions: Skeptics Still Persist That UFOs Don’t Exist

Coming Distractions: Skeptics Still Persist That UFOs Don’t Exist

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Researchers Identify Eight Sites With Exposed Water Ice on Mars

Researchers Identify Eight Sites With Exposed Water Ice on Mars

by Brad Jones

mars_polar_deposits_main-750x300.jpg

NASA/JPL/Arizona State University, R. Luk

Ice on Mars

We’ve known for some time that huge deposits of water ice reside beneath the surface of Mars, but we didn’t know much about its properties. Currently available methods of peering below the planet’s surface can’t access the depths where the water ice is present. Landers can dig down a few centimeters, and radar equipment can offer a look at what’s tens of meters beneath, but we needed to see between those two areas. We needed to find exposed water ice.

Now, a team led by geologist Colin Dundas has done just that. Using the HiRISE camera on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, they’ve pinpointed eight locationswhere large quantities of sub-surface ice have been exposed by erosion, leaving it accessible for further study.

Erosion has caused steep, pole-facing slopes to form at these locations, exposing water ice starting at depths of as little as 1 to 2 meters (3.2 to 6.5 feet) and extending up to 100 meters (328 feet) or more. The sites that have been spotted don’t feature many craters, so the researchers believe the exposed water ice formed relatively recently.

According to Dundas and his team, the steep angles and fractures observed suggest that the ice is cohesive and strong. It’s comprised of different bands and covers, which might indicate that it’s made up of layers from snowfall that took place at various times. As a result, studying the exposed water ice could reveal how the climate of Mars has changed.

The images of the sites, which were captured over the course of three Martian years(almost six Earth years), demonstrate that huge chunks of rock fell from the ice as erosion took place. As a result, the team behind the study estimates that the ice is receding at a rate of a couple of millimeters (~.07 inches) each summer.

Cold Comfort

The discovery of this much exposed water ice opens up various possibilities for future research projects. It could also be a very useful resource for any future crewed missions to the Red Planet.

One of the biggest challenges of staying on Mars for any period of time is the pressure of taking everything necessary to support human life with us. If we could source our water from the planet, we wouldn’t have to take as much with us when we departed from Earth.

Researchers believe the exposed water ice is relatively pure and likely more extensive than what we can actually see with the HiRISE camera. Unfortunately, the eight sites identified by the researchers are all within Mars’ upper mid-latitudes, which can endure extremely low temperatures. Any manned mission is unlikely to target these areas.

Still, researchers plan to look for similar ice deposits in regions where humans may one day visit. They’re likely to be much further underground, but the European Space Agency’s ExoMars rover can drill down as far as 2 meters (6.5 feet), while NASA’s Mars 2020 rover possesses an advanced ground-penetrating radar. The hunt for usable water on Mars is far from over.

{ https://futurism.com/ }

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UFO SHOCK: 2017 was the year of the flying saucer - explosive dossier released

UFO SHOCK: 2017 was the year of the flying saucer - explosive dossier released

ITALIAN UFO-spotters reported a record number of mysterious sightings in 2017, a new dossier has revealed.

Angelo Carannante, president of the Mediterranean UFO Centre (Cufom), has published the extraordinary document full of images from all over Italy and especially from the skies of Liguria. 

Mr Carannante said the sightings were accompanied by photos and videos that have been carefully screened and investigated by Cufom specialists.

He said the UFO reports from across the country were supported "with surprising and eloquent images". 

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Italian UFO sighting

CUFOM

An image from the Cufom 2017 dossier

It seems that in 2017 there has been a leap in quality in the objects sighted

Angelo Carannante

Reported sightings included flying saucers, spheres, squadrons and luminous UFOs of various colours.

Observers described the objects as stationary, travelling very fast at low or high altitudes, small and huge. 

Mr Carannante said those who reported sightings were “the most varied people and many foreigners". 

He said: “It seems that in 2017 there has been a leap in quality in the objects sighted, given the unusual clarity of some unidentified flying objects, filmed or photographed, that had been absent for years and seem to be back.

Italian UFO sighting

CUFOM

Cufom officials said 2017 was a record year for sightings

“This was demonstrated by the UFOs sighted in Lavagna, Arco Felice near Naples and the clamorous sighting at Civitavecchia seen about 50 metres above sea level.

“The ships flew in group, giving rise to spectacular phenomenon as happened throughout Italy in the summer 2017, like the concert of Ennio Morricone.

“There were also real chases between UFOs and military fighter planes, as happened in Cosenza, photographed and witnessed by many people.” 

Italy UFO sighting

CUFOM

Cufom praised the quality of photo and video evidence provided by UFO-spotters

Italy’s first reported UFO sighting of 2017 came exactly a year ago when an unusual bright green spherical object, which changed shape and colour over a four minute period, was caught on camera in Salento.

Mr Carannante said the Salento incident was followed by many other sightings documented by photos and films from Savona, Paestum, Brescia, Trieste, Cabella Ligure, Latina, Florence, Naples, Pomezia , Casalnuovo di Napoli, San Benedetto del Tronto, Vico Equense, Caserta, Ascoli Piceno, Guglionesi, Cassino, Vicenza.

(Additional reporting by Maria Ortega.)

Related articles

{ https://www.express.co.uk/ }

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Italie : Augmentation spectaculaire des observations d’OVNIs

Italie : Augmentation spectaculaire des observations d’OVNIs

 PAR MANUELRODRIGUEZ

Des ufologues et autres experts italiens ont révélé qu’il y avait eu un record d’observations d’OVNI au cours de l’année 2017. Ils ont rassemblé ces troublantes conclusions dans un nouveau rapport.

Italian UFO sighting

CUFOM

An image from the Cufom 2017 dossier

Angelo Carannante, président du CUFOM (« Centro ufologico mediterraneo »), a publié ce document extraordinaire, accompagné d’une multitude d’images et rassemblant des cas survenus un peu partout en Italie, surtout au-dessus de la région de Ligurie.

M. Carannante a déclaré que beaucoup d’observations étaient accompagnées de photos et de vidéos soigneusement étudiées et examinées par des spécialistes du Cufom.

Il a dit que les rapports d’OVNIS de tout le pays étaient étayés « par des images surprenantes et suffisamment éloquentes ».

Les observations rapportées incluent des soucoupes volantes, des objets de forme sphérique, des escadrons ainsi que des OVNI lumineux de diverses couleurs.

Les témoins ont décrit avoir vu des objets immobiles ou se déplaçant à grande vitesse, volant à basse ou haute altitude, et de taille petite ou bien gigantesque.

M. Carannante a expliqué que ceux qui avaient rapporté ces observations étaient « de personnes très diverses et de nombreux touristes ».

« Il semble qu’en 2017 il y ait eu une augmentation dans la qualité des observations d’objets volants non identifiés. Les objets filmés et photographiés étaient d’une clarté inhabituelle. Ce genre d’images n’avaient plus été vues depuis des années. »

« Cela a été démontré par les OVNI aperçus à Lavagna, ou à Arco Felice près de Naples ou encore l’observation retentissante qui s’est produite à Civitavecchia à environ 50 mètres d’altitude. »

« Les OVNI volaient en groupe, donnant lieu à un phénomène spectaculaire comme ce fut le cas en Italie au cours de l’été 2017. »

« Il y a également eu de véritables courses poursuites entre des OVNI et des avions de combat militaires, comme ce qui est arrivé à Cosenza, et qui a été photographié et vu par beaucoup de gens. »

La première observation d’OVNI en Italie en 2017 est survenue le 11 janvier quand un objet vert vif de forme sphérique a été filmé dans le Salento. Il changeait de forme et de couleur et a été observé pendant quatre minutes.

M. Carannante a déclaré que l’incident du Salento a été suivi de nombreuses autres observations documentées par des photos et des films à Savone, Paestum, Brescia, Trieste, Cabella Ligure, Latina, Florence, Naples, Pomezia, Casalnuovo di Napoli, San Benedetto del Tronto, Vico Equense, Caserte, Ascoli Piceno, Guglionesi, Cassino, et Vicenza.

Source: Express.co.uk, traduit par AP

{https://ancienprofesseur.fr/ }

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EGG-SHAPED OBJECT PHOTOGRAPHED OVER ARKANSAS

EGG-SHAPED OBJECT PHOTOGRAPHED OVER ARKANSAS

Picture

Cropped witness image #2

(Credit: MUFON)


by Roger Marsh
​An Arkansas witness at Summers reported watching and photographing an egg-shaped object slowing crossing the sky, according to testimony in UFO Case 82288 from the Mutual UFO Network (MUFON) witness reporting database.

The witness was in his yard observing Venus and checking to see if Orion was visible at 6:15 p.m. on February 23, 2017.

“I then noticed a white object to my left above a tree,” the witness stated. “It didn't look like anything I've seen before and was moving slowly compared to a commercial airline, but faster than a weather balloon or a blimp.”

The witness did not recognize the object.

Picture
Witness illustration. (Credit: MUFON)
​“It was moving north, then northeast. Just looked different than anything I had seen. Just had me wondering. I looked over at my chickens to see if they all got in their coop. Then looked up. It was gone.”

The case was investigated by Arkansas Field Investigator Raymond Reed and Assistant State Director Lynn Travis McCullough and closed as an Unknown.

“The object was bright white, egg-shaped and the size was as large as an aspirin tablet held at arm’s length,” Reed and McCullough stated in their report. “Being seen in a mostly clear sky with nothing behind it makes it size difficult to estimate, but it was plainly visible. Professional analysis of the photographs may make it more identifiable, but first analysis looks like nothing he had ever seen before. The object was silent throughout the sighting. The object being airborne at a considerable altitude and distance, there was little or no possibility of physical evidence. The photographs are definitely a plus in this case. No other reports of this object are known to exist. The object was definitely unidentified. Whether it will be the first of a series or the last of the type viewed is yet to be determined. We must file it and look to the sky for the next one.”

The case was filed with MUFON on February 23, 2017. The witness provided two images and one illustration. The above quotes were edited for clarity. Please remember that most UFO reports are determined to be something natural or man-made.

{ http://www.mufon.com/ }

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Five Reasons Why We Should be Exploring Space

Five Reasons Why We Should be Exploring Space

BY CONTRIBUTING AUTHOR

If you’ve ever found yourself under a bright starry sky on a clear night, you probably noticed the splendor that is space. For millennia, man has cast his gaze towards the heavens and wondered what’s out there. For some, that quote serves as both the question and justification for continuing to cast our gaze deeper and deeper into space.

Credit: NASA.

Some people don’t even bother. For them, the answer to that question is a resounding ‘who cares?’. So why bother with exploring space? There is a myriad of reasons but it would take too long to go through all of them, so we’ve broken them down into five reasons: we learn, we push, we discover, we benefit, we evolve.

Curiosity

Mankind has demonstrated time and again an insatiable curiosity and the need to satisfy that curiosity. Explorers have always sailed the wide ocean in the search for new lands. Sir Edmond Hillary scaled Mt. Everest. Magellan circumnavigated the globe in a ship. Yuri Gagarin and Neil Armstrong first pushed the limits of humans into space.

Humans push the limits of what we can do — it’s in our very nature. If you think about it, children push their own limits every single day. They learn new things and expand their horizon.  Space exploration is, in a way, turning back to that childhood curiosity. Every day, we learn new things about the universe around us. However, humans have no idea what our limits are in space, so we keep pushing, and we keep learning.

Credit: NASA.

With every boundary, we learn new things: how humans deal with extended time in space, the physical composition of the moon, how to fix a toilet in zero gravity, how to grow food in space, the location of black holes, recycling water and oxygen in space and (finally) how to break free of our gravitational limits and move forward.

Scientific

With the launch of the Hubble Space Telescope, humans took a quantum leap into the exploration of space that rivaled Galileo when he probed the skies in the late 1500s. The images the Hubble telescope have allowed us to peer deeper into space than anyone could have ever imagined (seriously, check those images out).

Pointed at a supposedly blank portion of the sky, about the size of a pinprick, seemingly bereft of anything interesting, Hubble gave us images that changed our understanding of the universe. Tens of thousands of galaxies, many like our own, each with trillions of stars and at least as many planets. Now multiply that by the number of “pinpricks” in the night sky and you now have some idea of just how vast the cosmos truly is.

It’s not just about space, either: the International Space Station carries out numerous experiments, from biology to hard physics. Credit: NASA.

Financial

Eventually, humans will figure a way into space and utilize the infinite resources it promises. The development of space will make fortunes for those brave (and lucky) enough to take the plunge. These new-found resources will certainly be the source of significant benefits for those of us who remain firmly planted on terra firma.

It will also signify that man has evolved enough to perhaps establish a permanent extra-terrestrial habitat. A century ago, WWI was winding down. Cars, indoor plumbing, electricity, and refrigeration were luxuries (or non-existent). Now, we have airplanes, smartphones, space travel, and computers.

Continuing that progression, the idea of colonizing the moon, Mars or moons of the gas giants shouldn’t be that far-fetched. It’s the natural progression/evolution of our species.

Five reasons to explore space? We learn, we push, we discover, we benefit and we evolve. That’s why.

Now go back and check that Hubble link!!

{ https://www.zmescience.com/  }

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Cliffs of pure, blue water-ice spotted just below Mars’ surface

Cliffs of pure, blue water-ice spotted just below Mars’ surface

BY ALEXANDRU MICU 

Mars seems to be hiding a hoard of pristine frozen water just below the surface, a new paper reports.

Ice cliffs on Mars.

Thick bands of ice (blue) spotted in Martian cliff faces.
Image credits NASA / JPL / USG / University of Arizona.

The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) has been beaming back high-resolution images of the planet for over a decade now, and for most of the time, nothing too special pops up. However, a few years ago Colin Dundas, a geologist at the U.S. Geological Survey in Flagstaff, Arizona, spotted something hidden below Mars’ rusty, dusty exterior — a pale line of blue.

Dundas subsequently found the same structures at seven other sites on Mars. These formations, wedged in the flanks of tall, steep cliffs, appear to be nearly pure ice — water-ice, that is.

In a new paper, researchers argue these findings suggest there are vast stores of underground ice tantalizingly close to the surface, even at low martial latitudes (i.e. closer to the equator). Such reserves could help researchers tease out the planet’s history, and dramatically improve the feasibility of any potential colonies on Mars.

Rust and ice

“This kind of ice is more widespread than previously thought,” says Dundas, paper co-author.

We’ve found ice on Mars before. There’s a thick cover of it on the planet’s poles (which Elon Musk thinks we should nuke) and MRO’s radar suite has picked up signatures of buried ice across Mars. Some have argued that those deposits are the remains of ancient glaciers, a by-gone of an age when the planet had a very different climate. However, based on MRO’s radar data, we can’t tell how deep these icy formations are, and whether they’re made up of solid chunks or tiny drops frozen in the soil’s pores.

MRO brought us even more evidence of ice on Mars in the past: pools of (what appears to be) pure ice, puddled on the floors of fresh meteorite craters. Still, there was no way of ascertaining if such pools were connected to underground glaciers or isolated patches of fluid.

Mars.

Mars, with some of its polar ice visible.
Image credits NASA / JPL.

The structures described in this new paper could plug those holes in our understanding. Each of the cliff-faces identified in the study, standing at roughly 100 meters (32.8 feet) tall, seem to the naked face of a glacier, the team reports. MRO could thus observe the glaciers in cross-section (like seeing the layers in a slice of cake), and the team revisited all the sites to see how they changed over time.

The most significant find is that the ice persists through the Martian summer. This is significant because it points to solid, massive structures — a light frosting would have simply vaporized. Further evidence in support of this is that last year the orbiter caught several boulders tumbling out of the cliff faces, suggesting they were being slowly eroded from a large deposit at surface level.

All of this strongly suggests that the surface-level ice and the large subsurface deposits are connected, the authors say.

Layer cake

“This deep, thick, pure ice extends almost all the way up to the surface” says co-author Ali Bramson.

Such structures promise to yield a layered record of past martian climates, similarly to how polar ice caps do on Earth. Alternatively, they would be a prime resource for colonists.

Banding in the glaciers suggests that the slabs are stacked — meaning they formed over many seasons as layers of snow got compressed into ice in different climate cycles. Winds then carried grit over each layer, sealing them apart, and creating the banding. It’s a similar process to how ice caps and glaciers form on Earth, and so the team believes that drilling a core into one of these deposits and bringing it back for analysis would offer geologists a treasure trove of information about the Martian climate.

The glaciers are also a boon for colonists. Water is crucial for astronauts because it can be mixed with CO2 (the most common gas in Mars’ atmosphere) to create breathable oxygen and methane to be used in rockets. But any deposits would only really be any good if they’re no more than a few meters below the surface — that’s why the ice-cliffs are so exciting.

The cliffs are found at about 55° north or south, however, which grow frigid and dark in the Martian winter. These aren’t very good areas for a solar-powered human base, so NASA study was limited to sites to within 50° of the equator. Following these new findings, however, NASA wants to extend its exploration program closer to the Martian tropics.

The paper “Exposed subsurface ice sheets in the Martian mid-latitudes” has been publishedin the journal Science.

{ https://www.zmescience.com/ }

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Mysterious fast radio bursts from space likely twisted by a black hole, researchers report

Mysterious fast radio bursts from space likely twisted by a black hole, researchers report

BY ALEXANDRU MICU

Mysterious radio signals originating from a body some 3 billion light-years away carry hints of an environment capable of producing extremely powerful magnetic fields — such as an undiscovered supermassive black hole or the remains of a supernova.

Arecibo Observatory.

The Arecibo Observatory.
Image credits NASA Blueshift / Flickr.

First discovered in 2007, fast radio bursts still continue to puzzle astronomers. These signals are aptly named, lasting up to a few milliseconds at best. Incredibly short-lived — but extremely energetic as well — during their fleeing lifetimes, these signals burn with a vengeance on instruments that can pick them up.

Such levels of energy betray the signals’ source as a very powerful body or event — however, it’s not a source that we have yet determined. Mostly, it comes down to their unpredictable nature, which has thrown a bag full of wrenches into attempts to properly understand these events. Here is where FRB 121102, sitting about 3 billion light-years away in a dwarf galaxy, comes into the picture.

Bursts for days

What’s so special about this body is that it fires such radio bursts repeatedly. Because it emits fast radio bursts in clusters, it’s possible to train more instruments on the source and gather data in real time. Sensing that answers lurk close, a team of astronomers decided to study the signals beamed from FRB 121102 and get to the bottom of things — but their results have merely deepened the mystery.

According to their observations, the signals from FRB 121102 appear to be “twisted” in a way indicative of an extreme stellar environment, the team reports, one that can spawn an extremely powerful magnetic field.

FRB 121102.

FRB 121102.

The researchers used the Arecibo (radio) Observatory in Puerto Rico and the Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia to look at FRB as it was emitting a burst. The plan was to measure the signal’s polarization (geometric orientation), a quality that can be influenced by local phenomena. Polarization was seen before in other fast radio bursts, but the values the team picked up were totally off the scale — some 500 times greater extreme than any other recorded burst.

The findings muddy our understanding of FRB 121102 even more. The working hypothesis up to now was that the source was a kind of neutron star: either a pulsar (which spins very fast) or a magnetar (which spins but also has an extra strong magnetic field). Because it’s found in a star-forming region of its host galaxy, it was believed that FRB 121102 was somehow linked to stellar birth or death. The new data, however, points to several new explanations.

“We’ve seen this effect in other fast radio burst sources before, but in this case the effect is 500 times larger than what we’ve seen at other sources,” said senior author Jason Hessels. “That was quite surprising.”

FRB 121102 may be a pulsar in close proximity to a growing supermassive black hole, the team reports. Plasma spinning around the black hole could lense and twist the light from FRB 121102 — but we have no way of explaining why a giant black hole would form in a dwarf galaxy — although, to be fair, we’ve seen supermassive black holes doing all kinds of strange things. Another possibility is that FRB 121102 is cloaked within a dense nebula, whose that affects the signal on its way to us. However, this hypothesis fails to explain how the signal remains as bright as what we’re picking up.

It’s also been suggested that the source is some kind of pulsar, however, that doesn’t fit with the incoming burst pattern. FRB 121102 doesn’t emit at regular intervals, as one would expect from a spinning neutron star and their highly regular periods, but in clusters of signals.

Whatever the case may be, we’re currently baffled by what we’re seeing. The team will continue to study FRB 121102 and fast radio bursts in general, but so far, only a few dozen individual sources have been found. Researchers, however, estimate that as many as 10,000 fast radio bursts flash across the night sky every single day — it’s just a matter of catching them.

The paper “An extreme magneto-ionic environment associated with the fast radio burst source FRB 121102” has been published in the journal Nature.

{ https://www.zmescience.com/ }

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Fast Radio Bursts Are a Sci-Fi Dream with An Astrophysical Source

Fast Radio Bursts Are a Sci-Fi Dream with An Astrophysical Source

New research suggests the origins of one of astrophysics' greatest mysteries.

1515628368912-shutterstock_375321427.jpeg?crop=1xw:0.843328335832084xh;center,center&resize=0:*

Arecibo Observatory.

Image: BrianPIrwin/Shutterstock

An international team of astrophysicists has traced the origin of the only known repeating fast radio burst, according to a study published this week in Nature. The phenomenon, characterized by intense millisecond-long blasts of radio energy, is among the most mysterious in astrophysics and has led even relatively serious people to start thinking in terms of aliens.

An analysis of 16 bursts detected with the William E Gordon Telescope at the Arecibo Observatory suggests that their origin is likely to be within a dwarf galaxy hosting a supermassive black hole (10 to 100 million times the size of our Sun) and a neutron star (a form of dead star) in its orbit. The key feature of such a neutron star would be its very high magnetic field, a sort of highly-energized cosmic afterlife. Such a field would serve to supply the massive amounts of energy packed into a fast-radio burst viewable here on earth.

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are not uncommon. We see them all over the sky all the time. A FRB is simply a pulse of radio energy that lasts for just a few milliseconds, but what makes them especially weird and vexing is that they usually don't repeat. It's not like looking at, say, a pulsar, which emits radiation at regular, dependable intervals. If a pulsar is a lighthouse, then an FRB is a signal flare, albeit one that doesn't flare for long enough to reveal its source or much of anything.

What the researchers behind the current paper are after is the exception to this: a repeating FRB. The only one. While these signal flares are exploding in random places in the sky all the time, there's just this one out there that happens in the same place again and again. FRB 121102 is special: a mystery within an already mysterious phenomenon.

What gives the source conditions of FRB 121102 away is the bursts' polarization. Polarization is a kinda hard to think about property of light. Basically, imagine a wave moving in one direction, but that's also been rotated around an axis that's perpendicular to that direction of travel. Twisted light. In fact, the degree of twisting seen is here is among the most extreme ever seen from an astrophysical source.

The radio waves of FRB 121102 have been twisted, we think, because they passed through a strong magnetic field—possibly a ripping torrent of high-speed, highly-magnetized plasma. Based on this, we can guess that the FRB 121102 source is itself within such a field.

CHIME

"We found something that is clearly in an extreme place and the extreme location may create a phenomenon that is one of the biggest astrophysical mysteries of recent times," offered study co-author Victoria Kaspi, a professor at McGill University and leading voice on pulsars and neutron stars, in a statement. "If you have an extreme object in an extreme environment, is that just a coincidence? FRBs have these huge explosions in radio waves and we don't know why that occurs. Maybe this is a clue to the mechanism that produces these explosions."

So, no, we don't really understand that mechanism yet. We just know that whatever it is, it's probably occurring within a cloud of highly-magnetized plasma. The good news is that FRB 121102 is apparently still at it and its future behavior will go a long way toward understanding its ultimate source, perhaps a magnetar in one of several possible configurations with a nearby black hole. In any case, when the Canadian CHIME Telescope (above) goes online later this year we'll have a way to look even deeper at FRB 121102's ultimate origin.

{ https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us }

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New Study Says Fast Radio Bursts May Not Be From Aliens After All

Depositphotos_3546321_l-2015-999x540.jpg

New Study Says Fast Radio Bursts May Not Be From Aliens After All

The search for aliens giveth, the search for aliens taketh away. It seems like every time there is a major discovery which might hint at the existence of alien life, it’s quickly refuted and explained away by banal, boring explanations. Things got exciting at the end of last year when our solar system received its first interstellar visitor, prompting many scientists speculated it might be some type of craft. Turns out it was just some dumb rock covered in space gunk. It’s always some dumb rock.

Like our solar system needs another dumb rock anyway.

It’s not like our solar system needs another dumb rock anyway. Move along, Oumuamua.

Other than that dumb rock, one of the biggest stories of 2017 was FRB121102, a mysterious source of so-called fast radio bursts, or FRBs. The powerful, anomalous radio signals emanating from FRB121102 were unlike anything else observed in the universe, lending hope that they may actually be an attempt at communication from a distant alien civilization. Turns out it’s just some dumb neutron star in an “extreme environment” which causes the radio waves shooting out from it to ‘twist’ as they travel through space. Ok, that actually sounds pretty cool.

Neutron stars are the incredibly dense remnants of collapsed stars.

Discoveries like this make our own solar system seem pretty boring. Lucky for us.

In a new study published this week in Nature, a massive team of astronomers from around the world analyzed data from FRB 121102 and believe they might have found a unique environment in deep space unlike anything we’ve discovered so far. An “extreme magneto-ionic environment” is believed to surround a powerful neutron star some 3 billion light years away, and this highly magnetic environment is what causes the radio waves to “twist and shout” the way they do. Neutron stars are known to emit radio waves, but this is the first time scientists have seen one affected by such an extreme magnetic environment. James Cordes, the George Feldstein Professor of Astronomy at Cornell University, says this area of space is extremely hostile:

We estimate the magnetic field and gas density surrounding the blast source, and we can link them, for example, with a model involving a young magnetar – a neutron star with an especially large magnetic field – to the central engine that produces the bursts. This is exotic. If we had one of these on the other side of our own galaxy – the Milky Way – it would disrupt radio here on Earth, and we’d notice, as it would saturate the signal levels on our smartphones. Whatever is happening there is scary. We would not want to be there.

FRB 121102 is so strong that a radio burst lasting just a millisecond emits more energy than our Sun does in an entire Earth day. Researchers believe there is likely a massive black hole nearby causing the bursts, but more observation is needed. While FRB 121102 might not be aliens, a hellish magnetic storm surrounding a giant black hole sounds terrifyingly awesome. Space might be devoid of life (as far as we know), but it’s still pretty rad.

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

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Wetenschappers ontdekken acht mogelijke plekken voor een kolonie op Mars - HLN.be

Wetenschappers ontdekken acht mogelijke plekken voor een kolonie op Mars - HLN.be

Bron: Reuters

NASA's Hubble-ruimtetelescoop maakte dit beeld van Mars in 2003.

 REUTERS NASA's Hubble-ruimtetelescoop maakte dit beeld van Mars in 2003.
 Aan de hand van beelden gemaakt door NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter hebben onderzoekers acht locaties met gigantische ijsafzettingen geïdentificeerd op de rode planeet. Die kunnen in de toekomst dienen als watervoorraad voor een menselijke kolonie.

Het was al bekend dat ongeveer een derde van het oppervlak van Mars ijs bevat en dat ook op beide polen grote ijsafzettingen aanwezig zijn, maar uit onderzoek dat vandaag werd gepubliceerd in het vakblad Science blijkt nu ook dat er dikke ondergrondse ijslagen blootgesteld zijn op steile hellingen tot 100 meter hoog in zowel de noordelijke als zuidelijke hemisfeer van de planeet.

Lees ook

“Het was verrassend om ijs te zien aan de oppervlakte op deze plaatsen. Langs de middelste breedtegraden is het normaal gezien bedekt met een laag stof of regoliet,” losse stenen op een laag grondgesteente, zegt geoloog Colin Dundas van het U.S. Geological Survey’s Astrogeology Science Center in Flagstaff, Arizona, die de studie leidde.

Water en zuurstof

De onderzoekers maakten gebruik van beelden van de Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, die al sinds 2006 rond de planeet cirkelt. Uit hun bevindingen blijkt dat er meer ijs voorhanden kan zijn op Mars dan aanvankelijk werd aangenomen. Het ijs kan gebruikt worden om water mee te maken en zelfs om eventueel omgezet te worden in zuurstof.

“Mensen hebben water nodig waar ze ook naartoe gaan en het is erg zwaar om met je mee te nemen. Hier hebben we vermoedelijk bijna zuiver waterijs net onder de oppervlakte. Je hebt geen hoogtechnologische oplossing nodig. Je kan gewoon met een emmer en een schop aan de slag en zoveel water verzamelen als nodig,” zegt planetair wetenschapper Shane Byrne van het Lunar and Planetary Laboratory van de universiteit van Arizona. “Ik denk dat het een doorbraak is. Het ligt ook veel dichter bij plaatsen waar mensen waarschijnlijk zouden landen, in tegenstelling tot de poolkappen die erg onherbergzaam gebied zijn,” aldus Byrne, die meewerkte aan de studie.

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

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Proper ijswater net onder oppervlakte Mars ontdekt - HLN.be

Proper ijswater net onder oppervlakte Mars ontdekt - HLN.be

Bron: Science

Een van de gevonden ijslagen op de planeet Mars.

 REUTERS Een van de gevonden ijslagen op de planeet Mars.
 Dat er ijs op Mars te vinden is, wist men al langer. Dat water bevindt zich meestal diep onder de oppervlakte van de planeet. Wetenschappers ontdekten recent echter acht plekken waar dat ijs zich dicht bij de oppervlakte bevindt en waar het kan worden ontgonnen.

Een ploeg van wetenschappers, onder leiding van de planetaire geoloog Colin Dundas, onderzocht acht regio’s op de planeet Mars waar erosie onderliggende lagen met ijs blootlegde. Ze presenteren die studie in de nieuwste editie van het gerenommeerde blad Science.

Lees ook

Het belang van die ontdekking ligt in het feit dat wetenschappers nu rechtstreeks aan sommige ijslagen kunnen en er bijgevolg meer onderzoek naar kunnen uitvoeren. Dat was lange tijd onmogelijk, aangezien de ijslagen zich meestal te diep onder de oppervlakte bevinden om aangeboord te kunnen worden door de robots die op Mars landen. De gevonden ijslagen bevinden zich soms maar één meter onder de oppervlakte, soms meer dan honderd meter.

De gevonden ijslagen bevinden zich soms maar één meter onder de oppervlakte, soms meer dan honderd meter

De informatie die de wetenschappers op deze manier konden inwinnen, is van vitaal belang voor toekomstige bewoners van de planeet, zo stellen ze. Eerst en vooral gaat het niet om puur ijs. Volgens de studie zouden de gevonden ijslagen het resultaat zijn van sneeuwregens en verijst zijn samen met stukken stof en ander ‘vuil’. Toch zou het ijs puur genoeg zijn om relatief makkelijk in water te kunnen omzetten.

Minpunt is echter dat de gevonden plekken zich ver van de evenaar van Mars bevinden. Daar is het klimaat niet echt gunstig: het kan er soms stevig vriezen, wat een toekomstige nederzetting op die plek een pak moeilijker maakt. Ook rond de evenaar, waar het klimaat leefbaarder is, is er ijs te vinden. Anderzijds maakt de warmere temperatuur rond de evenaar dan weer dat het water daar dieper in de bodem dringt, stelt de studie.

De onderzoekers concluderen dat ze nog heel wat moeten leren over de ijslagen op de planeet eer menselijk leven er mogelijk is. Aangezien de meest optimistische schattingen de eerste reizen richting Mars ten vroegste tegen de jaren ’30 van deze eeuw schatten, hebben ze wel nog even tijd.

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

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Mystery Radio Bursts From Space Just Got Even Weirder

Mystery Radio Bursts From Space Just Got Even Weirder

Astronomers are transfixed by twisted waves seen coming from an odd object three billion light-years away.

Astronomers discovered the oddly twisted radio bursts using data from the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico. 

PHOTOGRAPH BY TOMAS VAN HOUTRYVE, AP

About three billion light-years away, that mysterious object continually hurls humongous blasts of radio waves into the cosmos. Now, scientists have spied in those waves the spiraling signature of an extremely strong magnetic field, suggesting that the cosmic oddity exists in an intense galactic environment containing a powerfully magnetic source.

RELATED: A HUNDRED MILLION STARS IN 3 MINUTESIn January 2015, NASA released the largest image ever of the Andromeda galaxy, taken by the Hubble telescope. By zooming into the incredible shot, filmmaker Dave Achtemichuk creates an unforgettable interactive experience. 

The discovery adds to astronomers’ understanding of phenomena known as fast radio bursts, or FRBs, which are magnificently energetic flashes of radio waves that last for mere fractions of a second. It also allows researchers to paint a clearer picture of what conditions are like in an incredibly distant corner of the universe.

“We're directly probing the local environment of a source in a galaxy billions of light-years away,” says Emily Petroff of ASTRON, the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy. “It's like the power to zoom in at a billion times magnification on an extreme object somewhere else in the universe.”

While the exact source of the magnetism is unclear, it’s possible this FRB is next to a supermassive black hole, like the churning bruiser near our galaxy’s center, or swaddled in the chaotic aftermath of a stellar explosion.

“In the coming weeks, we expect that very creative theorists are going to come up with explanations that we haven’t thought of yet,” says ASTRON’s Jason Hessels, a member of the team reporting the observations today in Nature and at the 231st meeting of the American Astronomical Society in Maryland.

TWIST AND SHOUT

The weird object, now called FRB 121102, first announced its presence to Earthly astronomers in 2012, when a tremendously energetic, perplexingly quick flash of radio waves slammed into the giant telescope at the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico.

Though fast radio bursts had been baffling astronomers for years, this was the first one netted by Arecibo. Over the years, astronomers continued to study the spot on the sky, hoping to collect some clues about the cosmic enigma.

In 2015, Arecibo caught FRB 121102 in the act of repeating itself. Since then, the same object has slung more than 200 blasts of radio waves across the universe—and it’s still the only repeating fast radio burst among the roughly 30 known.

Last year, astronomers were finally able to pin the burst on a particular galaxy, a fuzzy little blob of a thing that’s furiously birthing stars three billion light-years away in the constellation Auriga.

And now, using data collected by Arecibo on Christmas in 2016, Hessels and his colleagues have been able to study the radio waves coming from the FRB at a higher frequency, and this time, they spied a twist in those blasts. Called Faraday rotation, the signal is produced when radio waves are twisted as they travel through magnetic fields. Except these waves are so strongly spun it means that FRB 121102 must be near a fantastically powerful magnetic field.

“This source is weird because it repeats, and now it’s weird because it has this huge rotation measure,” Hessels says.

BLACK HOLES AND GAS TENDRILS

Though scientists now suspect that a neutron star—the dense corpse of a formerly much larger star—is involved in firing those radio blasts, they aren’t sure what, exactly, is powering the faraway magnetism. FRB 121102 is not the only such object with a magnetic fingerprint, but it’s 500 hundred times stronger than the handful of other twisted bursts, meaning that something unusual is happening its environment, even by the already bizarre FRB standards.

One way to explain the strength of that magnetic field is a nearby supermassive black hole, something with the mass of thousands of suns—perhaps even the one thought to be parked at the center of the burst’s home galaxy.

That’s because, in our own Milky Way, a pulsar near the galactic center also sends out waves with strong Faraday rotation, Hessels says. In fact, it’s the only object with a magnetic twist that even comes close to that observed at FRB 121102.

“A black hole being involved does make sense on some level, particularly since that's the only place we've seen magnetic fields this strong before,” says Petroff. But, she notes, “it's entirely possible that what is happening around FRB 121102 has no analog in our own galaxy.”

Another possibility is that the FRB source is very young and is tucked into a nebula formed by a recent supernova, the explosion that happens when a large star grows up and dies. These lethal eruptions are among the most violent events the cosmos can offer, and they leave behind some intriguing remnants, including neutron stars. If the FRB’s source is a magnetar (a type of neutron star), and it’s being naturally magnified by a magnetic bundle of gas and dust, that could also explain the observations.

“Dense tendrils of magnetized matter associated with turbulent gas surrounding a young supernova remnant would provide a comparably compelling explanation,” says Jean-Pierre MacQuart of Australia’s Curtin University.

He says that a supermassive black hole and roiling supernova remnant are both consistent with the data, at least for now: “I am sure that, in time, the astronomical community will conjure up no shortage of alternate scenarios to explain the environment of this FRB!”

This iconic Hubble image of the spiral galaxy NGC 1300 is suffused with detail—bright blue young stars, the dust lanes spiraling around the bright nucleus, distant galaxies shining through.

NASA, ESA, AND THE HUBBLE HERITAGE TEAM (STSCI/AURA). ACKNOWLEDGMENT: P. KNEZEK (WIYN)

{ https://www.nationalgeographic.com/ }

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Geheimzinnige extragalactische radioflitsen afkomstig van exotische bron

Geheimzinnige extragalactische radioflitsen afkomstig van exotische bron 

Arecibo FRB121102 spiral

Een internationaal team met astronomen van onder andere de Universiteit van Amsterdam en ASTRON heeft ontdekt dat de bron van de repeterende radioflits FRB121102 zich in een opvallend extreme omgeving bevindt. Zij suggereren dat de flitsen afkomstig zijn uit de onmiddellijke nabijheid van een zwaar zwart gat of uit een zeer energierijke nevel. De bron is waarschijnlijk een neutronenster. Het team heeft zijn bevindingen vandaag gepresenteerd tijdens een persconferentie op de winterbijeenkomst van de American Astronomical Society (#AAS231) in Washington, D.C. (VS). Het resultaat is vandaag verschenen in Nature. 

Een jaar geleden rapporteerden de astronomen dat de repeterende snelle radioflits FRB121102 zich bevindt in een stervormingsgebied in een dwergsterrenstelsel op een afstand van zo’n 3 miljard lichtjaar van de aarde. Uit een nieuwe analyse van waarnemingen met de Arecibo-radiotelescoop in Puerto Rico en de Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia (VS) blijkt nu dat het licht van de radioflitsen sterk is gepolariseerd (dat wil zeggen dat het een voorkeursoriëntatie heeft), en dat het is ‘gedraaid’ als gevolg van een sterk magneetveld in een dicht plasma. Dit laatste wordt het Faraday-effect genoemd. Hoe sterker het magnetisch veld, des te groter de draaiing. 

Zo’n extreme draaiing van radiogolven (500 keer groter dan ooit bij een andere FRB-bron is gezien) is tot nu toe alleen waargenomen in de omgeving van een superzwaar zwart gat, zoals dat in het centrum van onze Melkweg. De astronomen houden rekening met een tweede scenario: de draaiing kan ook worden verklaard wanneer de bron zich bevindt in een energierijke nevel of supernovarest. 

FRB121102 is een zogeheten snelle radioflits (Fast Radio Burst), een recent ontdekte nieuwe klasse van transients, astrofysische verschijnselen van korte duur, afkomstig uit de extragalactische ruimte. Hun ware aard is nog steeds een raadsel. FRB121102 is de enige bekende repeterende FRB en dit heeft de vraag opgeworpen of zijn herkomst anders is dan die van niet-repeterende FRB’s. Eerste auteur Daniele Michilli (promovendus UvA/ASTRON): “FRB121102 was al uniek vanwege het feit dat hij meerdere keren van zich heeft laten horen, maar met zijn enorme Faraday-effect wordt hij steeds curieuzer. We hebben nog geen idee of er een verband is tussen deze twee eigenschappen.” 

De astronomen kwamen tot hun bevindingen door de flitsen op hogere radiofrequenties waar te nemen dan ooit tevoren. Coauteur Andrew Seymour, USRA-astronoom bij Arecibo: “We hebben hiervoor een nieuwe waarneemmethode ontwikkeld op de Arecibo-telescoop. Onze collega’s van de Green Bank Telescope hebben de resultaten bevestigd met waarnemingen op nog hogere radiofrequenties. Bovendien ontdekten we dat een van de flitsen korter duurde dan 30 microseconden. Dat ondersteunt ons idee dat de flitsen afkomstig zijn van een neutronenster in een extreme omgeving van gemagnetiseerd plasma.”.


De astronomen zullen blijven volgen hoe de eigenschappen van de flitsen door de tijd heen veranderen. Coauteur Jason Hessels (UvA/ASTRON): “We hopen met deze waarnemingen te kunnen vaststellen of de neutronenster zich nabij een zwart gat of in een krachtige nevel bevindt.” 


Met een aantal radiotelescopen met een groot beeldveld dat nu in bedrijf komt, zullen er naar verwachting in de komende jaren meer van dit soort bronnen worden gevonden en kunnen astronomen antwoorden vinden op de fundamentele vragen over de mysterieuze snelle radioflitsen.

Artikel

An extreme magneto-ionic environment associated with fast radio burst source FRB121102. Door: D. Michilli, A. Seymour, J. W. T. Hessels, L. G. Spitler, V. Gajjar, A. M. Archibald, G.  C. Bower, S. Chatterjee, J. M. Cordes, K. Gourdji, G. H. Heald, V. M. Kaspi, C. J. Law, C. Sobey, E. A. K. Adams, C. G. Bassa, S. Bogdanov, C. Brinkman, P. Demorest, F. Fernandez, G. Hellbourg, T. J. W. Lazio, R. S. Lynch, N. Maddox, B. Marcote, M. A. McLaughlin, Z. Paragi, S. M. Ransom, P. Scholz, A. P. V. Siemion, S. P. Tendulkar, P. Van Rooy, R. S. Wharton, D. Whitlow. In: Nature, 11 januari 2017.

{ http://www.astronomie.nl/ }

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Mysterie extragalactische radioflitsen nog vreemder. Astronomen zoomen in op deze exotische bron

Mysterie extragalactische radioflitsen nog vreemder. Astronomen zoomen in op deze exotische bron

Mysterie extragalactische radioflitsen nog vreemder. Astronomen zoomen in op deze exotische bron

Ze denken dat de flitsen afkomstig zijn uit de buurt van een zwart gat of uit een energierijke nevel, hoewel onduidelijk is wat de exacte bron is.

“We onderzoeken de omgeving van een bron in een sterrenstelsel op drie miljard lichtjaar,” zei Emily Petroff van ASTRON, het Nederlands instituut voor radioastronomie.

Gedraaid

Sterrenkundigen meldden vorig jaar dat de snelle radioflits zich op een afstand van zo’n drie miljard lichtjaar van de aarde bevindt.

Uit nieuwe waarnemingen blijkt dat het licht van de radioflitsen sterk is gepolariseerd en ‘gedraaid’ is als gevolg van een sterk magneetveld in een dicht plasma, ook wel het Faraday-effect genoemd.

Zo’n extreme draaiing van radiogolven is tot nu toe alleen waargenomen in de buurt van een superzwaar zwart gat. De draaiing kan ook worden verklaard door een energierijke nevel of neutronenster.

Vreemd

“We verwachten dat zeer creatieve theoretici de komende weken verklaringen gaan bedenken waar we nog niet aan hadden gedacht,” zei Jason Hessels van ASTRON.

“Deze bron is vreemd omdat hij zich herhaalt en omdat hij zo sterk gedraaid is,” voegde hij toe.

Kosmische raadsel

De ware aard van snelle radioflitsen is nog steeds een raadsel. Het gaat om energetische flitsen die slechts een fractie van een seconde duren.

FRB 121102 werd in 2012 voor het eerst ontdekt. In de jaren daarna speurden astronomen de hemel af, op zoek naar sporen om dit kosmische raadsel te kunnen ontrafelen.

[Astronomie, National Geographic] 
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Geschreven door peter om 20:10 Stuur door

Wetenschappers vinden bewijs voor vierde dimensie. Dit kan belangrijke implicaties hebben

Wetenschappers vinden bewijs voor vierde dimensie. Dit kan belangrijke implicaties hebben

Wetenschappers vinden bewijs voor vierde dimensie. Dit kan belangrijke implicaties hebben

Wij mensen kunnen in deze wereld drie ruimtelijke dimensies waarnemen (plus de dimensie tijd): boven, beneden, links, rechts, voorwaarts en achterwaarts.

In twee laboratoria hebben wetenschappers nu bewijs gevonden voor een vierde ruimtelijke dimensie, schrijft Gizmodo.

Tijdens experimenten in tweedimensionale systemen werd het zogeheten kwantum-Hall-effect waargenomen, dat optreedt bij vier dimensies.

Toegang

Deze experimenten kunnen belangrijke implicaties hebben voor de wetenschap en wetenschappers in staat stellen om in onze lagerdimensionale wereld toegang te krijgen tot de hogerdimensionale natuurkunde.

“Wellicht kunnen we in de hogere dimensie nieuwe natuurkunde ontwaren en vervolgens apparaten ontwerpen waarmee we de hogerdimensionale natuurkunde in de lagere dimensies kunnen onderzoeken,” zei professor Mikael Rechtsman van de Pennsylvania State University.

Wiskundigen kunnen een vierde ruimtelijke dimensie beschrijven, maar niet fysiek realiseren.

Achtergelaten

Een driedimensionale figuur werpt een tweedimensionale schaduw. Door deze schaduw te bekijken, kunnen we informatie krijgen over de driedimensionale figuur.

Op dezelfde manier kunnen we mogelijk informatie verkrijgen over de vierdimensionale natuur door een schaduw te onderzoeken die is achtergelaten in de lagere dimensies.

Elektronicarevolutie

Natuurkundigen zijn er tijdens de complexe experimenten in geslaagd om een 3D-schaduw waar te nemen van een 4D-object, ook al konden ze het 4D-object zelf niet waarnemen.

Wie nog een stapje verder gaat komt uit in de wereld van kwantumzwaartekracht en Weyl-semimetalen, die aan de basis kunnen staan van een nieuwe elektronicarevolutie.

Het onderzoek is gepubliceerd in vakblad Nature.

[Gizmodo] 
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Bevat de geheime ruimte in de Grote Piramide een ijzeren troon die de farao naar het volgende leven begeleidde?

Bevat de geheime ruimte in de Grote Piramide een ijzeren troon die de farao naar het volgende leven begeleidde?

Bevat de geheime ruimte in de Grote Piramide een ijzeren troon die de farao naar het volgende leven begeleidde?

De mysterieuze verborgen ruimte in de Grote Piramide van Gizeh bevat mogelijk een ‘ijzeren troon’ gemaakt van meteorieten.

Archeologen denken dat de troon werd gebruikt om een farao naar het volgende leven te begeleiden.

Volgens een oude tekst die door onderzoekers is geanalyseerd moet de farao op zijn ijzeren troon zitten voordat hij de sterren kan bereiken.

Geen idee

Het enorme gat werd in november vorig jaar ontdekt in de piramide. Archeologen hebben geen idee waar het voor werd gebruikt.

Professor Giulio Magli van het Politecnico di Milano denkt nu het antwoord te weten. “In deze teksten staat dat de farao, voordat hij de sterren van het noorden bereikt, door de poorten van de hemel moet gaan en op zijn troon van ijzer moet zitten,” zei hij.

De pas ontdekte ruimte bevindt zich boven de grote gallerij, maar is niet gemaakt om het gewicht van de gallerij op te vangen, aldus Magli.

Meteorietenijzer

Hij suggereert dat de troon lijkt op die van de moeder van Cheops, koningin Hetepheres. Haar troon was een lage stoel bestaande uit cederhout bedekt met bladgoud.

Cheops kan een soortgelijke troon hebben gehad, alleen moet zijn stoel zijn bedekt met meteorietenijzer.

De Egyptenaren gebruikten dit meteorietenijzer voor speciale voorwerpen die de farao’s gebruikten, zoals de beroemde dolk van Toetanchamon.

[Daily Mail] 
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VREEMDE PAARSE LUCHTEN WIJZEN OP NADERING NIBIRU...

VREEMDE PAARSE LUCHTEN WIJZEN OP NADERING NIBIRU...

paars5.jpg

De afgelopen dagen hebben we talloze getuigen de revue laten passeren die allemaal vreemde onverklaarbare geluiden in de lucht hoorden. 

Een aantal echter, kwam ook met vreemde luchten, paarse luchten, waarover wij eerder schreven en die worden toegeschreven aan de naderende planeet Nibiru. 


Het duurt lang in mainstreamland voordat ergens het kwartje begint te vallen, want het zijn meesters in het negeren van dingen die werkelijk gebeuren of er idiote verklaringen voor weten te vinden.

Een goed voorbeeld hiervan krijg je bij het zien van wat een lezer uit de omgeving Breda heeft opgestuurd (dank!). Het gaat om een foto van 10 januari 2018 en waarover hij schrijft:

Beste, hierbij foto’s van paarse lucht boven Breda woensdag 10 januari 2018. 

Volgens diverse media reflectie van de kassen. Flauwekul. Volgens de weersverwachting reflectie van de wolken. Erg merkwaardig.


xxx

Een andere lezer uit België (dank!) ziet ook 's nachts vreemde luchten die verschijnen en dan plotseling weer verdwijnen, dit in combinatie met een vreemd geluid.

Een verslag uit Oostakker:

De lucht en het weer hebben me altijd al gefascineerd dus ik kijk heel veel naar de hemel zowel overdag als ‘s nachts. Ik heb zo de indruk dat er veel aan het veranderen is, er gebeuren dateringen in de lucht. Te veel rode gloed aan de hemel terwijl dat niet altijd mogelijk lijkt.

Daar komt bij dat ik veel meer geluiden hoor die ik vroeger veel minder hoorde, veel rare wolken, ‘s nachts ook dikwijls een roze/rood/oranjeachtige gloed en dat dikwijls in verschillende richtingen zodat het echt niet normaal is. 

Afgelopen nacht keek ik ook weer buiten terwijl ik een sigaretje aan het roken was toen ik weer die gloeden zag, maar er was ook nog een wit lichtpunt dat kwam en ging in een s-vorm. Ik wou het opnemen maar het was van slechte kwaliteit. 

En toen was het er. Een luid, onheilspellend geluid alsof een groot schilgeven metaalachtige iets aanvoer. Overweldigend! Leek ook beetje op scheepshoorn. Duurde toch minuut of 7. Rode gloed verdween en het werd donker, pikdonker. Creepy! 

Dat was zo rond 4 uur afgelopen nacht. Ik hoop het nooit meer te horen. 

Het is het geluid van onheil.

Er verschijnen steeds meer berichten, ook bij de mainstream, over vreemde, paarse luchten zoals de volgende:


xxx

Of zoals de volgende, onlangs genomen in de Amerikaanse staat Tennessee: 


xxx

En in Ecuador:


xxx

De vreemde paarse luchten en ook een mogelijke verklaring daarvoor kwamen aan bod in een eerder artikel: 


Zo werden de inwoners van de Amerikaanse stad Houston enkele weken geleden wakker en zagen ze overal paarse luchten. 

Aangezien eerst even de zon scheen en toen onweerswolken binnen begonnen te rollen, werd de lucht helemaal paars en zong iedereen in de stad het lied “Purple Rain” van de onlangs overleden Prince. 


xxx


xxx

Volgens Nancy Lieder van Zetatalk wordt dit soort verschijnselen veroorzaakt door een combinatie van het ijzeroxide stof in wat zij noemt de “staart van Niburu”, die zich vermengt met luchtvervuiling zoals je die in Houston aantreft. Dit zorgt ervoor dat in plaats van een rode kleur de hemel boven de stad paars kleurt. 

Veel mensen die de afgelopen week hun ervaringen naar ons hebben gestuurd, maken melding van een soort onbehaaglijk gevoel, misschien niet direct angst, maar wel iets in hen dat zegt dat dit geassocieerd wordt met iets onprettigs.

Zoals hierboven staat bij de ervaring van een lezer: Het is het geluid van onheil.

Daarom, ter afsluiting nog even terug naar een eerder artikel:

Tenslotte zullen wij allemaal in onze genen ergens de ervaring hebben opgeslagen van een eerdere passage van Nibiru, bijgenaamd de Verwoester. Een gebeurtenis die uitgebreid staat beschreven in de Kolbrin bijbel zoals wij al eerder berichtten: 

“De donkere dagen begonnen met het laatste bezoek van de Verwoester en dit werd voorspeld door vreemde tekenen aan de hemel. Alle mensen werden stil en liepen rond met een bleek gelaat. 

Angst nam de bevolking in haar grip en vrouwen werden door die angst onvruchtbaar. Ze konden niet zwanger worden en degene die het wel werden verloren hun kind. 

De dagen van stilte werden gevolgd door een tijd waarbij trompetgeschal en doordringende hoge tonen werden gehoord in de hemelen en de mensen werden net zo bang als een kudde zonder herder. 

{ http://www.niburu.co/ }

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Geschreven door peter om 19:25 Stuur door

ZOVEEL VERSCHILLENDE MENSEN KUNNEN NIET ALLEMAAL EEN VREEMD GELUID INBEELDEN.

ZOVEEL VERSCHILLENDE MENSEN KUNNEN NIET ALLEMAAL EEN VREEMD GELUID INBEELDEN.

sound.jpg

Eerst waren er drie mensen die melding maakten van een vreemd geluid dat ze hoorden boven het westen van Nederland. 

De dag erna kwamen er nog drie, dit keer zelfs uit België, maar nu komen er echt overal mensen tevoorschijn die iets dergelijks hoorden, van Groningen tot Roosendaal.



Wanneer zoveel mensen iets in de lucht horen wat daar eigenlijk niet thuis hoort, dan is niet meer te spreken over verbeelding of fantasie. In een artikel gisteren kwamen mensen aan het woord die allen een vreemd geluid hadden gehoord en al deze mensen woonden eigenlijk min of langs de kuststreek of in ieder geval het westelijk deel van ons land en België.

Het mysterie groeit, want in plaats van antwoorden, komen er nog veel meer meldingen binnen.

Zoals deze uit de buurt van Alkmaar (dank):

Naar aanleiding van jullie artikel over de vreemde geluiden hier mijn ervaring van afgelopen nachten. Al 2x werd ik wakker door een brommend geluid, het leek op een stationair draaiende motor van een auto maar veel indringender en luider. Het geluid kwam ook niet van straat, maar van boven.

Ik zag echter niets. Het kwam bij mij niet als eng over, maar was wel super irritant. Het was geen vliegtuig, want het geluid bleef “hangen” en opeens was het weg. Ik woon vlak boven Alkmaar.

En dan een eerste melding die niet uit het Westen komt, maar uit de buurt van Steenwijk (dank!):

Reeds verschillende keren hebben mijn vrouw en ik het , zogenaamde helicoptergeluid, gehoord. Het geluid heeft maandagochtend 8 januari jl. wel meer dan een uur geduurd. Het was een zonnige dag. Wij wonen in Basse ten Noorden van Steenwijk. In de lucht was niets te zien. Voor ons gevoel kwam het geluid vanuit zuid Oost Drenthe.

En dan, geen ervaring, maar iemand die zegt dat iets dergelijks vaker is voorgekomen (dank!):

Gezien uw 2 artikelen over geluiden in Nederland en Be dat u/men een verklaring zoekt. U zou e.v.t op de site van Mevr Ans Hoornweg kunnen kijken, er is daar op 22 juni 2017 bericht gepubliceerd, dat daar ook over gaat, en haar verklaring er aan geeft. Verhaal van ook persoonlijke ervaring.

Wanneer we daar kijken, dan staat er het volgende, klaarblijkelijk waar gebeurde verhaal:

Het gebeurde op één van die hele warme dagen in deze maand juni. De zon scheen toen volop en de lucht was prachtig blauw. Mijn kennisje had ‘s middags enkele familieleden op visite, maar omdat het buiten té warm was bleven ze liever binnenshuis.

Rond een uur of 4 zaten ze gezellig in haar woonkamer te praten, maar toen werden hun gesprekken verstoord door het geluid, of beter gezegd kabaal, van een helikopter die vlak boven hun huis leek te hangen. De man des huizes ging samen met één van hun gasten naar buiten om te kijken waarom die helikopter zo irritant boven hun huis hing. Ze speurden de hele lucht af, maar tot hun grote verbazing zagen ze geen helikopter, terwijl ze hem wél hoorden?!

Verbijsterd gingen beide mannen weer naar binnen en vertelden hun familieleden dat er nergens een helikopter te zien was.

Het geluid van de helikopter begon langzaam weg te sterven, maar op dat moment werd het, voor heel even, aardedonker om hen heen …. en dát op een zonnige dag om 4 uur ‘s middags?!
Na deze vreemde gebeurtenis keken de familieleden elkaar verbijsterd en vol ongeloof aan …. wat was hen, in Godsnaam, zojuist was overkomen?!

En daar wordt dan de volgende uitleg aan gegeven door mevrouw Hoornweg:

Het kennisje vroeg aan mij of ik een verklaring wist voor deze, door haar én haar visite ervaren, vreemde gebeurtenissen.

Mijn antwoord was dat ik dacht dat er die middag waarschijnlijk een ‘experiment’ met de psyche van haar en haar visite had plaatsgevonden – momenteel vinden er nl. vele geheime experimenten plaats, waaronder ook manipulatie van onze geest.

Ja, er gebeuren vreemde dingen in ons luchtruim waar wij mensen niets van mogen weten …… en degenen die daar verantwoordelijk voor zijn zwijgen in alle talen.

Vervolgens een waarneming van iemand uit het Westland:

Ik woon in het Westland en ervaar nu sinds een week elke avond/nacht die geluiden waarover jullie spreken, of het hetzelfde is weet ik niet. Het begint als een laag geluid wat na 5 seconden begint te trillen en wat daarna wegebt. Een enkele keer is het ook een hoge toon. Het is geen interne zaak aangezien ik duidelijk hoor dat het uit 1 richting komt.

Als ik meer weet of ervaar laat ik het weten.

De volgende lezer meldt geen ervaring, maar vertelt het volgende (dank!):

Reagerend op de topic dat er iets gaande is in Nederland en België wil ik hieraan het volgende toevoegen :

Het valt mij op dat ik de laatste paar weken vooral s' avonds helicopters over hoor vliegen. Soms één per avond, soms meerdere per avond.EEA doet mij denken aan een voorval in 2015 op de Veluwe toen mijn vrouw en ik een korte vakantie genoten en op een terras in Elspeet Chinook's over zagen en hoorde vliegen. Ik heb dit destijds ook aan jullie redactie gemeld en ook weer reagerend op een topic over vreemde geluiden en lichten boven ons land.

Gisteravond was het rond 21.30 uur opnieuw raak en vloog hier boven onze huizen een helicopter over, geen chinook , maar en ander soort. Nu weet ik absoluut zeker dat de lezers en lezeressen van deze site helicopter geluiden zullen herkennen en deze niet verwarren met het vreemde geluid wat overal hoorbaar is. Wat mij wel te denken geeft is de activiteit van helicopters s'avonds na 21.00 uur.

Dat er “iets” gaande is staat voor mij als een paal boven water, mijn advies aan lezers en lezeressen van deze site :

Wees voorbereid, sla voedsel in, minimaal 2 maanden, zorg voor voldoende drinkwater in flessen en zorg dat je huis en haard kan verdedigen en hiermee doel ik niet op saté prikkers of aardappelschilmesjes. 

Zorg dat je drank in huis hebt, het kan dienen als ontsmettingsmiddel en als ruil middel als geld waardeloos is of niet meer uit muren komt. 

Zoals op deze site vaak gewaarschuwd wordt, wat als er straks geen drinkwater meer uit kranen stroomt of de electra valt een week uit. 

Mijn vrouw zei laatst geërgerd dat ze de muslie niet zag staan in onze voorraadkast, das precies wat ik bedoel, de beste raad = voorraad. 

Wees voorbereid !!!!!

Dan, waarnemingen uit Groningen en Drenthe (dank!):

Ook ik heb deze artikel gelezen wat er boven Nederland en België gaande is, en het is niet alleen aan de westzijde van Nederland en België. Afgelopen maandagnacht, dus van maandag op dinsdag, was dat geluid hier ook aanwezig. Ik wordt s' nachts niet gauw wakker van geluid maar dit was inderdaad ook dat zware dempende geluid wat zeker een uur boven mijn huis hing. Uiteindelijk ben ik ook maar eens buiten gaan kijken wat het was, niets te zien...

Toen golfde het geluid uiteindelijk weg, richting het westen. Ik woon in het Westerwolde, oost-Groningen.

Later hoorde ik van mijn kinderen, die in Emmen (Dr.) wonen, dat zij het ook gehoord hebben en van het geluid ook s' nachts naast het bed stonden.

Misschien draaf of fantaseer ik nu door, maar onlangs las ik dat Ashtar de overheden had gewaarschuwd i.v.m. Disclosure en daarom misschien wat van zich laat horen...(?) Van bekenden in de USA hoorde ik ook dat zij ook geregeld dit soort zware geluiden horen.

Of wat mij waarschijnlijker lijkt, ze (overheden, koningshuizen etc.) zijn s' nachts in samenwerking met buitenaardsen (Lees: reptielen) druk in de weer alles voor te bereiden, alles over te hevelen, mocht het te heet onder de voeten worden. Want ik kan mij niet voorstellen dat men zo overdag met alle schilderijen, sieraden goud, etc., etc., zo onder de arm de deur uitgaan, en tot nooit weerziens roepen. Alles gaat in stilte, zodat met er geen lucht van krijgt. 

Zomaar wat hersenspinsels, maar ik denk niet dat ik er te ver van af ben...

Nog een waarneming uit Drenthe (dank!):

Enige tijd gelden (27-12-2017 om 23:30 volgens mijn browser geschiedenis) lag ik in bed toen ik eveneens een zwaar brommend geluid heb gehoord. Ik woon in Drenthe (Valthermond) bij een laagvlieggebied voor militaire vliegtuigen. In eerste instantie dacht ik dat het militaire transportvliegtuigen waren die laag over kwamen vliegen. 

Maar het geluid leek zich niet tot nauwelijks voort te bewegen, het leek of het op één plek bleef hangen of maar heel langzaam bewoog. Ook was het geluid behoorlijk laag en zwaar voor een vliegtuig of helikopter. 

Ik ben toen niet mijn bed uit gegaan om te kijken wat het was. Op google heb ik gezocht of er militaire training was (vandaar dat ik de datum en tijd terug kan halen), die worden vaak aangekondigd maar er was niks over te vinden. Op vliegtuigradar was op dat moment geen vliegbewegingen boven het gebied waar ik woon te zien. De dag erna kon ik er ook niks over terug vinden in het nieuws. 

Helaas ben ik niet naar buiten geweest en heb dus ook niks gezien. Nadat het zware bromgeluid een tijdje had aangehouden verdween het langzaam. 

Om een lang verhaal kort te houden; ook in Drenthe zijn er vreemde geluiden in de lucht gehoord.

Dan we gaan we weer naar het zuiden, Roosendaal, waar een lezer  het geluid ook hoort en vindt dat het iets spookachtigs heeft.

Ik heb met belangstelling uw relaas gelezen over vreemde geluiden, die worden gehoord. 

Ik woon zelf aan de zuidkant van Roosendaal en ik heb al diverse keren vreemde geluiden gehoord. Het is telkens weer hetzelfde geluid. Een indringend, luid, zwaar, dof, monotoon en irritant gebrom. Meestal 's-avonds laat, zo rond middernacht. 

Het geluid komt duidelijk uit de lucht. Ik ben al diverse keren buiten gaan kijken, maar kan niets in de lucht waarnemen, dat dit zou kunnen veroorzaken. Zelfs niet bij een heldere sterrenhemel. Het geluid lijkt recht van boven te komen. De bron van het gebrom lijkt ergens stil te hangen in de lucht. Afstand, hoogte en richting zijn echter niet te bepalen. 

Het geluid begint heel plotseling en houdt even plotseling op. Het gebrom duurt meestal maar enkele minuten, maar kan ook best wel eens een kwartier aanhouden. Het geluid lijkt een beetje op het afblazen van een enorme hoeveelheid stoom. Dan denk ik toch wel aan een veelvoud van het afblazen van de stoomketels van de Titanic na de aanvaring. 

Roosendaal ligt op een steenworp afstand van de uchtmachtbasis Woensdrecht. Militaire vliegtuigen, helicopters en shinooks komen regelmatig over vliegen, maar dat klinkt wel allemaal anders. De snelweg en de spoorlijnen maken ook wel wat lawaai, maar dat hoort toch ook heel anders. In Roosendaal staat een hele grote zendmast, die ook wel eens wil brommen, maar dat komt in de verste verte niet in de buurt van het geluid. 

Langs Roosendaal loopt een zgn. leidingenstraat met allerlei pijpleidingen en hoogspanningsmasten. Daar wil het ook wel eens brommen, maar dat geluid is toch lang niet zo indringend. Industrie, die dit soort geluid zou kunnen veroorzaken is er in de hele omgeving niet. Alleen de kerncentrale van Doel, ten noorden van Antwerpen, zou in aanmerking kunnen komen. Maar ik heb nog nooit gehoord, dat dat ding zou brommen. 

Kortom, ik kan alleen maar vaststellen, dat er inderdaad iets vreemds gaande is, waarvoor geen afdoende verklaring voor handen is. Uit de verhalen, die u hebt gepubliceerd, meen ik voorzichtig te mogen vaststellen, dat het telkens om een zelfde geluidsbron gaat. 

Een interessant detail is, dat het geluid ook in andere streken van het land wordt gehoord Het fenomeen intrigeert me. Het heeft iets spookachtigs.

Van Roosendaal gaan we wederom naar Rijnsburg (dank!):

Ik las het artikel op jullie site. 

Ook ik heb de nacht van woensdag op dondernacht dat rare geluid gehoord. Ik dacht dat het kwart voor drie was toen ik naar het toilet moest en dacht jeetje nog zo vroeg, ik lag er net weerlekker in toen ik een zwaar brommend geluid hoorde. Ik dacht eerst ook aan een auto maar daar was het geluid te hard voor. Ik ben wel eens in Kortrijk geweest waar ze oude Dakota’s hadden vliegen. 

Het geluid leek daar heel erg op. Toen dacht ik maar dat kan toch niet vliegtuigen mogen toch op bepaalde uren niet opstijgen….. of landen. Het geluid duurde ik weet niet hoelang in mijn verbeelding, na een tijdje net toen ik dacht ik ga er uit en kijken wat het is nam het geluid geleidelijk af. Ik keek op mijn wekkertje en het was net half 4. Ik woon in Noordwijk, net naast Rijnsburg……

Van Rijnsburg richting oosten naar Deventer (dank!):

Ook in de buurt van Deventer is minutenlang een ronkend motorgeluid van een vliegtuig (?) gehoord begin van deze week. Dusdanig dat ik naar buiten ging om e.e.a. te kunnen plaatsen. Ik weet gebrek aan visuele waarneming van het object aan de bosrijke omgeving waarin ik woon tot ik jullie stuk las hierover. Het (harde) geluid verplaatste zich namelijk niet…, maar ging uiteindelijk over in een zachtere modus zonder van plek te veranderen. Althans dat is zoals ik het beleefde.

We gaan nog verder naar het oosten, naar Aalten (dank!):

Artikel ‘’ Er is iets gaande boven Nederland en België’’  Woensdag 10 januari 2018  10:13 uur.  Ik ben woonachtig  in de gemeente Aalten Gelderland  en heb twee keer een geluid gehoord wat op in de verte  het rangeren van treinen leek  maar hier geen treinstation , voor de duidelijkheid dit was overdag in de middag. De filmpjes  welke op  internet  te vinden zijn  met hoog  schurend  piep achtig trompet en  brom  geluid,  dat zelfde meende ik ook te horen . 

Ik ben  naar buiten gegaan  en in de lucht gekeken   maar kon niet echt  richting bepalen  maar voelde als  Noord .  Omdat het  niet  echt lang aanhield  ben ik  weer naar binnen gegaan.  Heb ook  nagedacht over wat de oorzaak zou kunnen zijn, nu  denk ik de atmosfeer over  elkaar schuurt  dus koude lagen   bevroren op  grote hoogte  langs warmere lagen . 

Wat niet  gelijk bliksem flitsen geeft door  koeling  op die grote hoogte.  Wat  mij tevens opvalt is, dat  de laatste  maanden  hier waar het  normaal dood en doodstil in de nacht is, nu veel nachtelijk verkeer bedrijvigheid is.  Dat ik zelfs  onrust  ervaar daardoor,  bevreemd  mij dit .

Dan, waarnemingen en een mogelijke verklaring uit Helmond (dank!):

Ik las het artikel over laagfrequente geluiden in West nederland.Ik wil daarover zeggen, dat ik reeds in augustus vorig jaar contactopnam met de gemeente Helmond, wegens het 's nacht wakker liggen

van een opdringerige BROM, een zogenaamde E.L.F. 

De gemeente zei; daar gaan wij niet over. Ga maar naar de provincie Brabant.Welnu, ik had er een dag over gedaan om mijn klacht te omschrijven, en binnen drieminuten na verzending keeg ik drie woordjes retour:"afgehandeld zonder onderzoek" Daaronder stond de suggestiedat ik mijn klacht maar eens bij de Provincie Gelderland moest leggen (serieus).Zoals altijd, politiek is er niet voor u als ze eindelijk iets echt moeten gaan doen.De reden van de weigering van onderzoek was, dat ik niet kon aangeven wat debron van het geluid was. Hoe idioot kan dat zijn? 

Maargoed, ik heb dus op den duur schema's aangelegd van het geluid's nachts. En mijn nachtelijke plaag stopte ineens op 14 november jongstledenen toen ik bemerkte dat het definitief weg was kon ik weer normaal slapen.Op den duur zijn er door dit fenomeen ook zeer scherpe en hoge tonen

in mijn oren gekomen. Het schijnt zo te zijn dat die hoge tonenveroorzaakt worden door een E.L.F als die langdurig aanhoudt.Meer daarover bij de stichting Laagfrequent geluid waar nu mijn klacht overigens gedeponeerd is. 

Echter, afgelopen donderdagnacht 4 januari was daar ineens weer die brom, vanuit het niets begon het weer alsof iemand een knop omdraaide. En het valt me op dat dat dezelfde datum is als in het artikel. Maar of het gerelateerd is durf ik niet te zeggen. Het is wel toevallig.De brom klinkt alsof er ergens in de buurt een tractor staat te draaien.Maar nergens lijkt het alsof je dichter naar de bron toe kunt lopen.Dat is heel raar. 

Ik ben ernstig aan het onderzoeken gegaan en ik heb ontdekt dat vrijwelalle gebouwen in de regio, in trilling worden gebracht door een resonantiein de aarde. Het is dus zo dat ik het op andere plaatsen ook gehoord hebzowel binnen als buiten, maar buiten alleen als je direct naast een muur staat. 

Het belangrijkste is, er is mogelijk een oorzaak van de brom aan te wijzen.het is wellicht het Amerikaanse GWEN-tower systeem. Dit systeem zendt laagfrequente golven uit langs de bovenste laag van de Aarde, dit om de effecten van straling na bijvoorbeeld een kernoorlog te kunnen omzeilen.

Maar volgens mij is dat allemaal geleuter. Het GWEN systeem wordt ook wel de "ZOMBIE MAKER"genoemd.Omdat het in staat zou zijn om in de slaap van mensen, het DNA te muteren.

gwen-towers-earthquake-machines-zombie-makers Nou ja ik weet niet of dat waar is.

Maar wat ik wel weet is dat ik van die brom super-agressief wordt.Ik ga gewoon slaan soms, en ben reeds vele malen naar buiten gevlucht in het midden van de nacht, omdat mijn bed niet vol te houden was. 

Dus ja, iemand zit absoluut te klooien in Nederland.Hebben we nu binnenkort een zware aardbeving ergens, dan weten we dat het geen natuurlijke is geweest. Het bereik van GWEN is ongeveer 2500 kilometerdus het apparaat kan wel ergens in Roemenië staan, of in Tromso Noorwegen bijvoorbeeld, want daar moet ik steeds aan denken. 

zie ook

https://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/scalar_tech/esp_scalartech04.htm

http://truthstreammedia.com/2015/07/27/what-is-this-gwen-tower-really-for/

En een lezer uit Zevenaar (dank!) die niet specifiek dit geluid de afgelopen dagen heeft gehoord, maar wel gedurende de afgelopen jaren.

Ik woon in Zevenaar bij Arnhem en hoor dat vreemde gebrom al een paar jaar met flinke tussenpozen wel/niet . We horen het in de huiskamer . Zodra we de tuindeur open doen is het niet te traceren waar het vandaan komt . Alsof het alleen in huis te horen is . Het is een lage frequentie toon/brom . 

Ik had ooit een stuk gelezen in de Telegraaf (+ - 25 jaar geleden dat ze in Engeland testen deden om verschillende frequentie op mensen los te laten om zo hun stemming te bepalen. Zo kunnen ze mensen rustig houden tijdens wedstrijden en rellen , mensen verdrietig of vrolijk laten zijn.  Of zijn ze nu bezig de bevolking om zeep te helpen want valt wel op dat er erg veel mensen last hebben van depressies . Om het maar eens niet gelijk bij de Aliens te zoeken of een Aardbol die op een roestige as draait haha .

Zo ook iemand uit Rotterdam (dank!):

Ik wil graag ook reageren op het onderwerp over de diepe bromgeluiden, ik hoor dit al een 3/4 jaar met enige regelmaat hier in Rotterdam, ik dacht dat ik het misschien alleen was die dit meemaakte en dat het met gehoor problemen door verkoudheid te maken had, maar ook ik kan bevestigen dat de brom er een is van de diepste categorie , ook is het alsof je even in een vacuüm gezogen wordt op het moment dat de brom begint en die paar seconden dat deze duurt, het gaat door je hele hoofd heen, ik heb dit voorheen nog nooit ervaren, eerste keer schrok ik er van zo vreemd en plots als het begon, nu ben ik niet meer bang, alleen overvalt het je op elke willekeurige plek, buiten of binnen, het moet iets heel erg groot zijn dat dit veroorzaakt dat voel ik er wel bij, al is er niets te zien, ik ben blij dat ik dit lees en ik niet de enige ben, ik wilde het toch even bij jullie melden.

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Scientists have found evidence of a ‘fourth dimension’

Scientists have found evidence of a ‘fourth dimension’

Eureka!

For a long time have scientists thought that the universe had three spatial dimensions: top-down, left-right, front-back.

In 1905, Albert Einstein helped us with his theory of relativity to understand “the dimension of time”. But the new fourth spatial dimension has remained hidden so far.

The truth is that the fur dimension is as mysterious as it gets.

Two groups of scientists from America and Europe claim to have discovered the fourth dimension, and their findings have been published in the journal Nature.

Despite the fact we can’t see it, the fourth dimension is there.

Image Credit: Shutterstock.

Researchers carried out two experiments in which they could observe the quantum Hall effect – the movement of electrons within a material limited to two dimensions as this material passes through a magnetic field in a perpendicular way – and they demonstrated— theoretically—that this effect can be extended in four spatial dimensions.

Despite the fact that the papers focused on two different experimental approaches, they arrived at a similar conclusion.

European scientists created a 2D system with supercooled atoms held in position with a special grid made of lasers. Referred to as ‘charge pump’, scientists used it to test the flow of electrical charge while monitoring how the atoms behaved. Scientists noted how variations in the movement match up with how a 4D quantum Hall effect would ripple out, which gives us hope that a fourth spatial dimension may somehow be accessed.

The second group of scientists created a system with light particles which were set to move through a special glass that has the ability to bounce light back and forth between the edges. Scientists simulated the effects of electrical charges via physical input and observed how the light behaved. Experts looked for irregularities that could only exist if there was a fourth dimension. Again, researchers observed a 4D quantum Hall effect.

Speaking about the discovery to Ryan F. Mandelbaum at Gizmodo, Mikael Rechtsman from Penn State University said: “Physically, we don’t have a 4D spatial system, but we can access 4D quantum Hall physics using this lower-dimensional system because the higher-dimensional system is coded in the complexity of the structure.”

via GIPHY

“Maybe we can come up with new physics in the higher dimension and then design devices that take advantage the higher-dimensional physics in lower dimensions.”

The discovery is perhaps best explained by Science Alert writer David Nield who wrote: “just as a 3D object casts a 2D shadow, scientists have managed to observe a 3D shadow potentially cast by a 4D object – even if we can’t actually see the 4D object itself. That could unlock some new findings in the very fundamentals of science.”

“I think that the two experiments nicely complement each other,” one of the European researchers, Michael Lohse from the Ludwig-Maximilians University in Germany, said in an interview with Gizmodo.

The findings from the two experiments have been published in Nature here and here.

{ https://www.ancient-code.com/ }

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Historic: For The First Time In 150 Years, A Lunar Eclipse Will Coincide With A Blue Moon

Historic: For The First Time In 150 Years, A Lunar Eclipse Will Coincide With A Blue Moon

Prepare yourself sky gazers, for the first time in 150 years–actually 152 years to be precise–a Lunar Eclipse will coincide with a blue moon. This event will make the moon look much larger, much brighter and of a different color.

Now don’t get confused by the term Blue Moon, as it has nothing to do with the color of the moon.

The full moon will seem red or a burnt-orange hue, hence its “blood moon” moniker.

According to NASA, this occurs because the indirect sunlight that reaches the moon, during a total lunar eclipse, first makes its way through our planet’s atmosphere, where most of the scattered blue-colored light is filtered out.

A super ‘blue Moon’ is said to occur on January 31st.

Image Credit: Shutterstock.

The moon could also appear blood red, dark brown or gray say, researchers.

It’s a magical event and Dr. Noah Petro, a planetary geologist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center calls it a “collision of multiple lunar events.”

“A lot of things are happening at once,” Petro said. “It’s a cool event.”

The only thing left to do is hope for good weather.

Events like this is why I love astronomy. At the end of January, to be exact on January the 31st, we will witness a total lunar eclipse.

This NASA chart details the visibility range and times for the Jan. 31, 218 total lunar eclipse.

Image Credit: NASA

A lunar eclipse occurs when our planet is aligned between the Sun and our moon. As this alignment occurs, our planet’s shadow blocks the sunlight from reflecting off the moon. So, when looking at the moon we actually sere our planets shadow on the moon.

When a TOTAL lunar eclipse occurs, where a full moon passes through earth shadow, our sun’s light is actually filtered through our planet’s atmosphere, which makes the moon look reddish from our viewpoint on Earth.

Space.com tells us that the last time a total lunar eclipse coincided with a blue moon was on March 31, 1866.

IF for some reasons you end up missing this incredible astronomical event, fear not, as on December 31st, 2028, you’ll get a chance to witness the same thing.

The event on January 31st is part of a series of three lunar events that started on December 3rd, 2017. The second event took place on January 2nd 2018, and the third, grand finale will happen on January 31st.

Even though the total lunar eclipse will be visible all over the world, you have to be located on the nighttime on Earth while the eclipse takes place in order to witness this rare astronomical phenomenon.

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As glowing balls hover over the night sky near Charlotte, scientists probe for aliens

GIMBAL is the first of three US military videos of unidentified aerial phenomenon (UAP) approved for public release. The footage shows what was on display in the cockpit for the pilots of a U.S. Navy F/A-18 Super Hornet. Department of Defense/To The Stars Academy of Arts and Science via Storyful

As glowing balls hover over the night sky near Charlotte, scientists probe for aliens

Last Sunday night, an Indian Trail man’s wife excitedly burst into their house to report two orange, glowing balls that seemed to hover a few hundred feet overhead.

The man, who reported the incident to the Mutual UFO Network, wrote that he and his grandson headed outside to see a single ball hovering silently above them. Less than a minute later, a group of three balls appeared.

“My first thought was Chinese lanterns but they would have been very, very large, small plane or helicopter size, and defying wind patterns,” wrote the man, who MUFON would not identify. “The light source was much much brighter than a candle. With the binoculars it appeared spherical with a red beam coming out of the yellow-orange glow that the whole sphere was giving off.

“Any idea what we were watching?”

Chilean Navy helicopter pilot shoots video of UFO

On Nov. 11, 2014, a Navy captain and technician were on a routine daytime patrol mission flying north along the Chilean coast, west of Santiago, and filmed an unidentified flying object.

CEFAA

More and more, says the venerable Scientific American, scientists are seriously seeking answers to that question. In a piece posted Tuesday, the magazine declares 2017 “a banner year for scientists seeking aliens – even though they (apparently) didn’t find any.”

It’s not that scientists delight in crushing the belief that aliens are among us, the article states. They instead demand clear evidence to support an extraordinary claim. Yet some scientists acknowledge the slight possibility of extraterrestrial explanations for some recent observations.

The extreme dimming of Boyajian’s Star, for example, was probably caused by space dust – unless its light was absorbed by “alien megastructures.” Last October, the large object called ‘Oumuamua that streaked past Earth was probably a comet but might also have been an alien probe.

Just last month, a self-described UFO investigator posted a YouTube video that suggests a group of alien aircraft were recently seen hovering over Spring Lake, North Carolina, about two hours east of Charlotte. The video got nearly 70,000 views within two days of being posted.

U.F.O.s: What does the government know?

What are the politics of U.F.O.s? Hillary Clinton said she believed in giving wider access to government records related to U.F.O.s and extraterrestrial life. Listen to what other presidents had to say about aliens and Area 51.

New York Times

In the North Carolina mountains west of Asheville, skyshipsovercashiers.com has reported UFO sightings (and Bigfoot evidence) for nearly a decade.

Editor Mary Joyce said the website grew out of photos taken by an 8-year-old in the mountain community of Cashiers that appeared to show a saucer-shaped silhouette against the sun. Since then, Joyce said, UFO sightings have been reported all over Jackson County.

Joyce said public officials and academics scoff at such accounts even if, she adds, they privately acknowledge them.

“The ones that want to get the information out kind of tiptoe around. They’re not going to lightly do this,” she said. “The people who are really, really aware of what’s going on regarding UFOs have actually feared for their lives.... These people have real reasons to be fearful if they know stuff. The (scientists) at the college level, they don’t know squat.”

Official Washington also appears to have taken an interest in probing the potential for alien encounters.

In a story line that could have been borrowed from the “X-Files,” the New York Times reported in December on a secretive Defense Department program, shut down in 2012, that investigated UFO sightings. The program was largely funded at the request of former Senate majority leader Harry Reid of Nevada.

Unidentified aerial phenomenon appears to have no visible exhaust plume

(Video has no sound) FLIR1 is the second of three US military videos of unidentified aerial phenomenon (UAP) approved for public release. The footage was captured by a US Navy F/A-18 Super Hornet present at the 2004 Nimitz incident off the coast of San Diego. Pilot interviews state that the UAP was hovering at 24,000 feet.

Department of Defense/To The Stars Academy of Arts and Science via Storyful

The program and the aerospace company it hired “produced documents that describe sightings of aircraft that seemed to move at very high velocities with no visible signs of propulsion, or that hovered with no apparent means of lift,” the Times reported.

The program’s former director, Luis Elizondo, told CNN: “My personal belief is that there is very compelling evidence that we may not be alone.”

Bruce Henderson: 704-358-5051, @bhender

Photos were taken by Glynis Heenan and shown here on skyshipsovercashiers.com. Scientific American magazine called 2017 a “banner year” for scientists probing such sightings.

Photos were taken by Glynis Heenan and shown here on skyshipsovercashiers.com. Scientific American magazine called 2017 a “banner year” for scientists probing such sightings. Photos taken by Glynis Heenan in this screenshot of skyshipsovercashiers.com

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How to keep humans from ruining the search for life on Mars

How to keep humans from ruining the search for life on Mars

Microbes from Earth might complicate human junkets to the Red Planet

BY 
 
illustration of astronauts on Mars

MUCKING UP MARS  Scientists are racing to figure out how to keep astronauts and potential life on Mars safe from one another before humans arrive at the Red Planet.

T he Okarian rover was in trouble. The yellow Humvee was making slow progress across a frigid, otherworldly landscape when planetary scientist Pascal Lee felt the rover tilt backward. Out the windshield, Lee, director of NASA’s Haughton Mars Project, saw only sky. The rear treads had broken through a crack in the sea ice and were sinking into the cold water.

True, there are signs of water on Mars, but not that much. Lee and his crew were driving the Okarian (named for the yellow Martians in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ novel The Warlord of Mars) across the Canadian Arctic to a research station in Haughton Crater that served in this dress rehearsal as a future Mars post. On a 496-kilometer road trip along the Northwest Passage, crew members pretended they were explorers on a long haul across the Red Planet to test what to expect if and when humans go to Mars.

What they learned in that April 2009 ride may become relevant sooner rather than later. NASA has declared its intention to send humans to Mars in the 2030s (SN Online: 5/24/16). The private sector plans to get there even earlier: In September, Elon Musk announced his aim to launch the first crewed SpaceX mission to Mars as soon as 2024.

“That’s not a typo,” Musk said in Australia at an International Astronautical Congress meeting. “Although it is aspirational.”

Musk’s six-year timeline has some astrobiologists in a panic. If humans arrive too soon, these researchers fear, any chance of finding evidence of life — past or present — on Mars may be ruined.

“It’s really urgent,” says astrobiologist Alberto Fairén of the Center for Astrobiology in Madrid and Cornell University. Humans take whole communities of microorganisms with them everywhere, spreading those bugs indiscriminately.

Planetary geologist Matthew Golombek of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., agrees, adding, “If you want to know if life exists there now, you kind of have to approach that question before you send people.”

A long-simmering debate over how rigorously to protect other planets from Earth life, and how best to protect life on Earth from other planets, is coming to a boil. The prospect of humans arriving on Mars has triggered a flurry of meetings and a spike in research into what “planetary protection” really means.

One of the big questions is whether Mars has regions that might be suitable for life and so deserve special protection. Another is how big a threat Earth microbes might be to potential Martian life (recent studies hint less of a threat than expected). Still, the specter of human biomes mucking up the Red Planet before a life-hunting mission can even launch has raised bitter divisions within the Mars research community.

Astrobiologist Pascal Lee (right) collects snow in the Canadian Arctic to test how far human-associated microbes venture from a mock Mars vehicle (left).

 BOTH: A. SCHUERGER AND P. LEE/ASTROBIOLOGY 2015

Mind the gaps

Before any robotic Mars mission launches, the spacecraft are scrubbed, scoured and sometimes scorched to remove Earth microbes. That’s so if scientists discover a sign of life on Mars, they’ll know the life did not just hitchhike from Cape Canaveral. The effort is also intended to prevent the introduction of harmful Earth life that could kill off any Martians, similar to how invasive species edge native organisms out of Earth’s habitats.

“If we send Earth organisms to a place where they can grow and thrive, then we might come back and find nothing but Earth organisms, even though there were Mars organisms there before,” says astrobiologist John Rummel of the SETI Institute in Mountain View, Calif. “That’s bad for science; it’s bad for the Martians. We’d be real sad about that.”

To avoid that scenario, spacefaring organizations have historically agreed to keep spacecraft clean. Governments and private companies alike abide by Article IX of the 1967 Outer Space Treaty, which calls for planetary exploration to avoid contaminating both the visited environment and Earth. In the simplest terms: Don’t litter, and wipe your feet before coming back into the house.

But this guiding principle doesn’t tell engineers how to avoid contamination. So the international Committee on Space Research (called COSPAR) has debated and refined the details of a planetary protection policy that meets the treaty’s requirement ever since. The most recent version dates from 2015 and has a page of guidelines for human missions.

In the last few years, the international space community has started to add a quantitative component to the rules for humans — specifying how thoroughly to clean spacecraft before launch, for instance, or how many microbes are allowed to escape from human quarters.

“It was clear to everybody that we need more refined technical requirements, not just guidelines,” says Gerhard Kminek, planetary protection officer for the European Space Agency and chair of COSPAR’s planetary protection panel, which sets the standards. And right now, he says, “we don’t know enough to do a good job.”

In March 2015, more than 100 astronomers, biologists and engineers met at NASA’s Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, Calif., and listed 25 “knowledge gaps” that need more research before quantitative rules can be written.

The gaps cover three categories: monitoring astronauts’ microbes, minimizing contamination and understanding how matter naturally travels around Mars. Rather than prevent contamination — probably impossible — the goal is to assess the risks and decide what risks are acceptable. COSPAR prioritized the gaps in October 2016 and will meet again in Houston in February to decide what specific experiments should be done.

Contamination questions

Scientists met in 2015 to identify knowledge gaps that need to be filled before human boots on Mars will be safe for potential Martian life and for humans themselves. The gaps include:

Monitoring microbes

  • How do microbes respond to spaceflight and relocation, and do genetic changes occur in the organisms that could be passed to future generations?
  • What microbes should be monitored and how should a Mars crew do so?
  • How can a crew prevent contamination?
  • How can a microbial infection on Mars be diagnosed and treated?
  • When should an astronaut be quarantined or not allowed to return to Earth?

Controlling contamination

  • Do longer stays on Mars (500 days versus 30 days) mean more contamination, and do they require different planetary protection requirements than shorter stays?
  • Do astronauts need protocols for verifying what microbes have escaped the spacecraft?
  • What decontamination procedures are needed for inside and outside the spacecraft?
  • What quarantine facilities are needed? How will scientists recognize special regions if they exist?
  • What research is needed to plan and design resource extraction systems?
  • What type of wastes can be intentionally left behind on Mars?
  • What factors need to be considered to design extravehicular activity suits?

Natural transport of contamination

  • How well can microbes survive, grow and evolve in Mars environments?
  • What happens to windblown dust on Mars?
  • Could dust storms carry microbes from a lifeless region to a special region?
  • Considering many pathways, how likely are humans to transport hardy Earth microbes to Mars?
  • What will leak or vent out of pressurized containers or human facilities?
  • How will scientists study microorganisms that can’t be cultivated using current techniques?
  • How far will microbes travel from human landing and habitation sites?
  • What is the risk of humans contaminating subsurface resources, such as underground ice?

Stick the landing

The steps required for any future Mars mission will depend on the landing spot. COSPAR currently says that robotic missions are allowed to visit “special regions” on Mars, defined as places where terrestrial organisms are likely to replicate, only if robots are cleaned before launch to 0.03 bacterial spores per square meter of spacecraft. In contrast, a robot going to a nonspecial region is allowed to bring 300 spores per square meter. These “spores,” or endospores, are dormant bacterial cells that can survive environmental stresses that would normally kill the organism.

To date, any special regions are hypothetical, because none have been conclusively identified on Mars. But if a spacecraft finds that its location unexpectedly meets the special criteria, its mission might have to change on the spot.

The Viking landers, which in 1976 brought the first and only experiments to look for living creatures on Mars, were baked in an oven for hours before launch to clean the craft to special region standards.

“If you’re as clean as Viking, you can go anywhere on Mars,” says NASA planetary protection officer Catharine Conley. But no mission since, from the Pathfinder mission in the 1990s to the current Curiosity rover to the upcoming Mars 2020 and ExoMars rovers, has been cleared to access potentially special regions. That’s partly because of cost. A 2006 study by engineer Sarah Gavit of the Jet Propulsion Lab found that sterilizing a rover like Spirit or Opportunity (both launched in 2003) to Viking levels would cost up to 14 percent more than sterilizing it to a lower level. NASA has also backed away from looking for life after Viking’s search for Martian microbes came back inconclusive. The agency shifted focus to seeking signs of past habitability.

Although no place on Mars currently meets the special region criteria, some areas have conditions close enough to be treated with caution. In 2015, geologist Colin Dundas of the U.S. Geological Survey in Flagstaff, Ariz., and colleagues discovered what looked like streaks of salty water that appeared and disappeared in Gale Crater, where Curiosity is roving. Although those streaks were not declared special regions, the Curiosity team steered the rover clear of the area.

The Mars rover Curiosity was assembled and tested in a clean room before its 2011 launch, in part to limit the hitchhikers it carried from Earth.

 JPL-CALTECH/NASA

But evidence of flowing water on Mars bit the dust. In November, Dundas and colleagues reported in Nature Geoscience that the streaks are more likely to be tiny avalanches of sand. The reversal highlights how difficult it is to tell if a region on Mars is special or not.


However, on January 12 in Science, Dundas and colleagues reported finding eight slopes where layers of water ice were exposed at shallow depths (SN Online: 1/11/18). Those very steep spots would not be good landing sites for humans or rovers, but they suggest that nearby regions might have accessible ice within a meter or two of the surface.

If warm and wet conditions exist, that’s exactly where humans would want to go. Golombek has helped choose every Mars landing site since Pathfinder and has advised SpaceX on where to land its Red Dragon spacecraft, originally planned to bring the first crewed SpaceX mission to Mars. (Since then, SpaceX has announced it will use its BFR spacecraft instead, which might require shifts in landing sites.) The best landing sites for humans have access to water and are as close to the equator as possible, Golombek says. Low latitudes mean warmth, more solar power and a chance to use the planet’s rotation to help launch a rocket back to Earth.

That narrows the options. NASA’s first workshop on human landing sites, held in Houston in October 2015, identified more than 40 “exploration zones” within 50 degrees latitude of the equator, where astronauts could do science and potentially access raw materials for building and life support, including water.

Golombek helped SpaceX whittle its list to a handful of sites, including Arcadia Planitia and Deuteronilus Mensae, which show signs of having pure water ice buried beneath a thin layer of soil.

What makes these regions appealing for humans also makes them more likely to be good places for microbes to grow, putting a crimp in hopes for boots on the ground. But there are ways around the apparent barriers, Conley says. In particular, humans could land a safe distance from special regions and send clean robots to do the dirty work.

That suggestion raises a big question: How far is far enough? To figure out a safe distance, scientists need to know how well Earth microbes would survive on Mars in the first place, and how far those organisms would spread from a human habitat.


Where to?

The most desirable places on Mars for human visits offer access to water in some form and are near the equator (for increased solar power and to get a boost when launching a return rocket). Rovers and landers have found evidence of a watery Martian past. Planners of future robotic and human missions have potential landing spots in mind. Map excludes polar regions.

Hover over or tap the map points to explore.
E. OTWELL; T. TIBBITTS; M. GOLOMBEK; USGS ASTROGEOLOGY SCIENCE CENTER, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER/NASA

A no-grow zone

Initial results suggest that Mars does a good job of sterilizing itself. “I’ve been trying to grow Earth bacteria in Mars conditions for 15 years, and it’s actually really hard to do,” says astrobiologist Andrew Schuerger of the University of Florida in Gainesville. “I think that risk is much lower than the scientific community might think.”

In 2013 in Astrobiology, Schuerger and colleagues published a list of more than a dozen factors that microbes on Mars would have to overcome, including a lot of ultraviolet radiation from the sun; extreme dryness, low pressure and freezing temperatures; and high levels of salts, oxidants and heavy metals in Martian soils.

Life challenges

Astrobiologist Andrew Schuerger of the University of Florida and colleagues identified the challenges microbes would have to overcome to thrive on Mars:

  • Ultraviolet radiation from the sun, which damages DNA
  • Extreme dryness
  • Low pressure, about 0.1 percent the ambient pressure on Earth
  • An atmosphere that is high in carbon dioxide and low in oxygen
  • Extremely low temperatures, with a global average of -61° Celsius
  • Charged particles from the sun
  • Cell-damaging, high-energy particles from interstellar space, which reach the surface because Mars lacks a strong magnetic field
  • Ultraviolet light from static electricity discharge from blowing Martian dust
  • Volatile oxidants in the atmosphere created by UV light from the sun
  • Oxidizing soils across the planet
  • Extremely high salt levels at some sites
  • High concentrations of heavy metals in the soils
  • Acidic conditions
  • Perchlorates in the soils, which are toxic

Source: A. C. Schuerger et al/Astrobiology 2013

Schuerger has tried to grow hundreds of species of bacteria and fungi in the cold, low-pressure and low-oxygen conditions found on Mars. Some species came from natural soils in the dry Arctic and other desert environments, and others were recovered from clean rooms where spacecraft were assembled.

Of all those attempts, he has had success with 31 bacteria and no fungi. Seeing how difficult it is to coax these hardy microbes to thrive gives him confidence to say: “The surface conditions on Mars are so harsh that it’s very unlikely that terrestrial bacteria and fungi will be able to establish a niche.”

There’s one factor Schuerger does worry about, though: salts, which can lower the freezing temperature of water. In a 2017 paper in Icarus, Schuerger and colleagues tested the survival of Bacillus subtilis, a well-studied bacterium found in human gastrointestinal tracts, in simulated Martian soils with various levels of saltiness.

B. subtilis can form a tough spore when stressed, which could keep it safe in extreme environments. Schuerger showed that dormant B. subtilis spores were mostly unaffected for up to 28 days in six different soils. But another bacterium that does not form spores was killed off. That finding suggests that spore-forming microbes — including ones that humans carry with them — could survive in soils moistened by briny waters.

The Okarian’s trek across the Arctic offers a ray of hope: Spores might not make it very far from human habitats. At three stops during the journey across the Arctic, Pascal Lee, of the SETI Institute, collected samples from the pristine snow ahead and dirtier snow behind the vehicle, as well as from the rover’s interior. Later, Lee sent the samples to Schuerger’s lab.

The researchers asked, if humans drive over a microbe-free pristine environment, would they contaminate it? “The answer was no,” Schuerger says.

And that was in an Earth environment with only one or two of Schuerger’s biocidal factors (low temperatures and slightly higher UV radiation than elsewhere on Earth) and with a rover crawling with human-associated microbes. The Okarian hosted 69 distinct bacteria and 16 fungi, Schuerger and Lee reported in 2015 in Astrobiology.

But when crew members ventured outside the rover, they barely left a mark. The duo found one fungus and one bacterium on both the rover and two snow sites, one downwind and one ahead of the direction of travel. Other than that, nothing, even though crew members made no effort to contain their microbes — they breathed and ate openly.

“We didn’t see dispersal when conditions were much more conducive to dispersal” than they will be on Mars, Schuerger says.

Samples collected inside a mock Mars rover and grown in the lab were full of microbes from the rover’s crew (three dishes at left). But nothing grew in most samples from outside the rover (dish at right), suggesting microbes didn’t travel far from the vehicle.

 A. SCHUERGER AND P. LEE/ASTROBIOLOGY 2015

The International Space Station may be an even better place to study what happens when inhabited space vessels leak microbes. Michelle Rucker, an engineer at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston, and her colleagues are testing a tool for astronauts to swab the outside of their spacesuits and the space station, and collect whatever microbes are already there.

“At this point, no one has defined what the allowable levels of human contamination are,” Rucker says. “We don’t know if we’d meet them, but more importantly, we’ve never checked our human systems to see where we’re at.”

Rucker and colleagues have had astronauts test the swab kit as part of their training on Earth. The researchers plan to present the first results from those tests in March in Big Sky, Mont., at the IEEE Aerospace Conference. If the team gets the tool flight-certified to test it on the ISS, the results could fill a knowledge gap about how much spaceships carrying humans will leak and vent microbes.

A Russian experiment on the ISS may be giving the first clues. In November 2017, Russian cosmonauts told TASS news service that they had found living bacteria on the outside of the ISS. Some of those microbes, swabbed near vents during spacewalks, were not found on the spacecraft’s exterior when it launched.

Blowing in the wind

These results are important, says Conley, but they don’t give enough information alone to write quantitative contamination rules.

That’s partly because of another knowledge gap: how dust and wind move around on Mars. If Martian dust storms carry microbes far enough, the invaders could contaminate potential special regions even if humans land a safe distance away.

To find out, COSPAR’s Kminek suggests sending a fleet of Mars landers to act as meteorological stations at several fixed locations. The landers could measure atmospheric conditions and dust properties over a long time. Such landers would be relatively inexpensive to build, he says, and could launch in advance of humans.

But these weather stations would have to get in line. There’s a launch window between Earth and Mars every two years, and the next few are already booked. Weather stations would have to be stationary, so they couldn’t be added to rover missions like ExoMars or Mars 2020.

That means it’s possible that SpaceX or another company will try to send humans to Mars before the reconnaissance missions necessary to write rules for planetary protection are even built. If COSPAR is the tortoise in this race, SpaceX is the hare, along with a few other private companies. Only SpaceX has a stated timeline. Other contenders, including Washington-based Blue Origin, founded by Amazon executive Jeff Bezos, and United Launch Alliance, based in Colorado, are developing rockets that some analysts say could be part of a mission to the moon or Mars.

SpaceX hopes to build human habitats on Mars (illustrated here along with SpaceX’s latest BFR spaceship). Scientists are just starting to figure out how to keep microbes from leaving such habitats and potentially harming native life.

SPACEX

Now or never

Those looming launches prompted Fairén and colleagues to make a controversial proposal. In an article in the October 2017 Astrobiology, provocatively titled “Searching for life on Mars before it is too late,” the team suggested sending existing or planned rovers, even those not at the height of cleanliness, to look directly for signs of Martian life.

Given the harsh Martian conditions, rovers are unlikely to contaminate regions that might turn out to be special on a closer look, the group argues. The invasive species argument is misleading, they say: Don’t compare a microbe transfer to taking Asian parrots to the Amazon rainforest, where they could thrive and edge out local parrots. It would be closer to taking them to Antarctica to freeze to death.

Even if Earth microbes did replicate on Mars, the researchers wrote, technology is advanced enough that scientists would be able to distinguish hitchhikers from Earth from true Mars life (SN: 4/30/16, p. 28).

In a sharp rebuttal, published in the same issue of Astrobiology, Rummel and Conley disagreed. “Why would you want to go there with a dirty spacecraft?” says Rummel, who was NASA’s planetary protection officer before Conley. “To spend a billion dollars to go find life from Florida on Mars is both irresponsible and completely scientifically indefensible.”

There’s also concern for the health and safety of future astronauts. Conley says she mentioned the idea that scientists shouldn’t worry about getting sick if they encounter Earth organisms on Mars to a November meeting of epidemiologists who study the risks of Earth-based pandemics.

“The room burst out laughing,” she says. “This is a room full of medical doctors who deal with Ebola. The idea that we know about Earth organisms, and therefore they can’t hurt us, was literally laughable to them.”

Fairén has already drafted a response for a future issue of Astrobiology: “We acknowledge [that Rummel and Conley’s points] are informed and literate. Unfortunately, they are also unconvincing.”

The issue might come to a head in July in Pasadena, Calif., at the next meeting of COSPAR’s Scientific Assembly. Fairén and colleagues plan to push for more relaxed cleanliness rules.

That’s not likely to happen anytime soon. But with no concrete rules in place for humans, would a human mission even be allowed off the ground, whether NASA or SpaceX was at the helm? Currently, private U.S. companies must apply to the Federal Aviation Administration for a launch license, and for travel to another planet, that agency would probably ask NASA to weigh in.

It’s hard to know if anyone will actually be ready to send humans to Mars in the next decade. “You’d have to actually believe them to be scared,” says Rummel. “There are many unanswered questions about what Elon Musk wants to do. But I think we can calm down about people showing up on Mars unannounced.”

But SpaceX has defied expectations before and may give slow and steady a kick in the pants.


This article appears in the January 20, 2017 issue of Science News with the headline, "Mucking up Mars: Microbes from Earth may complicate human junkets to the Red Planet ."

Editor’s note: This story was updated on January 11 to include recent findings about water ice from Colin Dundas and his team.

Citations

A. Fairén et al. Searching for Life on Mars Before It Is Too Late. Astrobiology. Vol. 17, October 1, 2017, p. 962. doi: 10.1089/ast.2017.1703.

J. Rummel and C. Conley. Four Fallacies and an Oversight: Searching for Martian Life. Astrobiology. Vol. 17, October 1, 2017, p. 971. doi: 10.1089/ast.2017.1749.

C. M. Dundas et al. Granular flows at recurring slope lineae on Mars indicate a limited role for liquid water. Nature Geoscience, Vol. 10, November 20, 2017, p. 903. Doi: 10.1038/s41561-017-0012-5.

A. Schuerger and P. Lee. Microbial ecology of a crewed rover traverse in the arctic: Low microbial dispersal and implications for planetary protection on human Mars missions. Astrobiology. Vol. 15, June 10, 2015, p. 476. doi: 10.1089/ast.2015.1289.

A. Scheurger, D. W. Ming and D. C. Golden. Biotoxicity of Mars soils: 2. Survival of Bacillus subtilisand Enterococcus faecalis in aqueous extracts derived from six Mars analog soils. Icarus. Vol. 290, July 1, 2017, p. 215. doi: 10.1016/j.icarus.2017.02.023.

M.S. Race et al. Planetary Protection Knowledge Gaps for Human Extraterrestrial Missions Workshop Report. NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif., March 24-26, 2015.

Further Reading

T. H. Saey. Will we know extraterrestrial life when we see it? Science News, Vol. 189, April 30, 2016, p. 28.

A. Witze. The Martian Diaries. Science News Online. April 28, 2015.

A. Yeager. Microbes survived inside giant cave crystals for up to 50,000 years. Science News, Vol. 191, March 18, 2017, p. 15.

C. Crockett. Salt streaks point to present-day water flows on Mars. Science News, Vol. 188, October 31, 2015, p. 17.

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Aliens, Autonomous Cars, and AI: This Is the World of 2118

Road Intersection at Night : Stockfoto

 Creative Commons

Aliens, Autonomous Cars, and AI: This Is the World of 2118

by Abby Norman

Learning From the Past

Humans are naturally inclined to think towards the future. We find ourselves wondering about the next steps in our lives, imaging the potential consequences of advances today, even fictionalizing them to their most extreme forms as a sort of sandbox for possible futures.

Scientists might be one of the few groups to actively suppress that desire to predict the future. Conservative and data-driven by nature, they might be uncomfortable making guesses about the future because that requires a leap of faith. Even if there’s a lot of data to support a prediction, there are also infinite variables that can change the ultimate outcome in the interim. Trying to predict what the world will be like in a century doesn’t do much to improve it today; if scientists are going to be wrong, they’d rather do it constructively.

Indeed, the world has changed a lot in the past 100 years. In 1918, much of the world was embroiled in the first World War. 1918 was also the year the influenza pandemic began to rage, ultimately claiming somewhere between 20-40 million lives — more than the war during which it took place. Congress established time zones, including Daylight Saving Time, and the first stamp for U.S. airmail was issued.

Looking back, it’s clear that we’ve made remarkable strides. Today, it’s rare to die from the flu, or from a slew of other communicable diseases that were once fatal (such as smallpox, which was eradicated in 1977). That’s mostly due to the advent of prevention tactics such as vaccines, and treatments like antibiotics.

The pace at which technology is evolving can feel dizzying at times, but it’s not likely to slow down anytime soon. Here are some of the ways we suspect the technology of today will shape the world in the century to come.

Quantum Computing Will Come Of Age

As the internet transformed society over the past few decades, quantum computing will forever alter our view of the world and our place in it. It will give us the capacity to process more data about ourselves, the planet we live on, and the universe than has ever before been possible.

No one is totally sure yet what we’ll do with that data. We’ll likely find some answers to longstanding questions about physics and the universe, but it’s also likely there are answers to be found that we don’t even have the ability to fathom.

We’ll Hack Our Brains

We may not even have to wait a century to have our brains fully integrated with our devices, as research into brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) is now firmly out of the realm of science fiction. Early prototypes have already helped patients recover from strokes and given amputees the ability to experience touch again with the help of a sensor-covered prosthesis. If and when they become commonplace, the human-machine mashup could irrevocably alter the course of human evolution. Prototypes for non-invasive BCIs in which electrode arrays pick up brain signals through the skull are already in development, and may serve as stepping stones toward the full-on “brain mesh” proposed by Elon Musk.

We’ll Zoom Around Our Revamped Cities in Autonomous Cars

The world of 2118 will have improved infrastructure and better ways of getting around. Our automobiles are becoming smarter and greener; by 2118, there’s a good chance that electric cars will be able to drive themselves, along with those most in need. The current consensus in the automotive industry is that fully autonomous vehicles are still theoretical at best (and may not be possible at all), but Tesla alone aims to achieve so-called level 5 autonomy — a world in which our cars would drive us — by about 2019.

In some parts of the world, cities themselves are also becoming more sophisticated. In China, a solar-powered highway could one day charge electric cars as they drive. Cities of the future could also fix themselves — engineers today are busy designing self-healing concrete structures and potholes that fill themselves.

AI Will Change How Humans Work

In the decades to come, technology that’s changing our homes, our devices, and our vehicles is also going to change our lives in other major ways. Artificial intelligence (AI) will almost certainly automate some jobs, particularly those that rely on assembly lines or data collection. To offset the unemployment of human workers that would result from automation, some nations may adopt a universal basic income (UBI), a system which regularly pays citizens a small stipend with no requirement to work.

Indeed, some places have already begun small-scale experiments with UBI, and a report from the Roosevelt Institute in November 2017 predicted the U.S. could see a $2.48 trillion increase in the nation’s GDP within just eight years if it implemented UBI.

In some fields, such as medicine, robots probably won’t completely replace humans. The more likely scenario, some experts predict, is that AI will continue to augment the work experience for humans — even augmenting us physically. AI technology has already been paired with wearable exoskeletons, giving factory workers superhuman strength — perfect for those whose jobs require heavy lifting, which could increase their risk of job-related accident or injury.

3D Printing the World

3D printers are already being used in labs around the world and, increasingly, by consumers. While the printers may be costly up front, they are often seen as a long-term investment, since they can often print their own replacement parts.

Image Credit: Getty Images

As 3D printers become capable of printing everything from viable organs to buildings, we’ll likely find use for them in different aspects of our lives, as well as many different fields of industry.

Medicine Gets a High-Tech Upgrade

New procedures, aided by technological advances, are poised to transform medicine. Using a precision medicine approach (which uses a patient’s genetic data, lifestyle, and environmental surroundings to inform treatment), scientists are developing treatments for cancer that are tailored to an individual patient’s genes.

Oncology is not the only area with potentially life-saving (or in some cases, life-giving) applications; the evolution of reproductive medicine has already begun right before our very eyes. In 2017, researchers grew lamb fetuses in what could be the first prototype of an artificial womb, one woman gave birth after a uterus transplant for the first time, and another to a baby that began as an embryo frozen 24 years ago. The much-hyped gene editing technology CRISPR could mean that by 2118, many genetic diseases could become a thing of the past: scientists used CRISPR to edit the gene for a fatal blood disorder out of human embryos. Stem cells continue to prove useful for developing novel treatments, even for conditions that were once believed to be untreatable.

A century from now, major diseases such as cancer, immune and inflammatory disorders, and genetic conditions “will very likely be long gone by either prevention or effective therapy,” Phil Gold, a professor at the McGill University Clinical Research Centre, told Futurism.

But that’s not to say we’ll live in a future of perfect health — external factors, from global warming to infectious diseases and even warfare, could depress the life expectancy of people in 2118.

The good news is, diagnostic technology is also dramatically improving. Shu Chien, bioengineer and winner of National Medal of Science at the University of California, San Diego, told the San Diego Tribune that he predicted that scientists would invent Star Trek‘s famous medical tricorder, capable of “non-invasive early detection of cancer,” in the next century. He’s not the first to make the prediction over the last few decades, but this time could be different: Science and technology have delivered on some other sci-fi tech, such as super-materials and object replicators.

The Planet Will Get a Lot Hotter

Climate change is already transforming our world. One 2015 study predicted that Greenland’s usually cold summers could become completely ice-free by 2050. Extreme weather events are becoming more frequent and fatal. The world’s sea levels are on track to rise 2 to 3 feet (0.6 to 0.9 meters) by 2100, which could displace up to 4 million people worldwide.

Earth is in the midst of a climate crisis that will not improve without deliberate and sustained action.

Over the past few decades, that progress has been slow. When it was developed in 2015, the Paris Climate Agreement aimed to limit global warming to 2.7 degrees Fahrenheit (1.5 degrees Celsius). Recent research from the University College of London revealed that we could have a 66 percent chance of hitting the 1.5-degree C target in 2100 — but we’d need to limit our carbon pollution to 240 billion tons to pull it off. Hopefully we will be able to quit our carbon habit over a longer period of time instead of making drastic cuts immediately, which would not be an easy feat to achieve in either the technical or political sense.

In the U.S., one of the biggest carbon contributors in the world, some fear we’re not doing our part. In June, President Trump withdrew the United States from the Paris Climate Agreement. In an interview with Futurism last year, Al Gore said the Trump administration’s environmental policies are “reckless and indefensible.”

But he is not devoid of hope. Gore told Futurism that he believes in the strength of the grassroots movement toward a more sustainable future, and that “we can and will win” the fight if we stay committed to the cause.

If humanity wants to remain on Earth, it’s a cause worth fighting for. We are beyond the point of preventing it from happening, but we can take steps to slow it down.

Humans Will Explore Our Solar System and Beyond

Although we’ve made monumental progress since 1918, we are still endlessly fascinated (and vaguely terrified) by the prospect of what might exist in space. Over the next century, perhaps nothing will thrill, challenge, and transform humanity more than the advances we make in space exploration.

Big-idea people, from Elon Musk to Donald Trump, are loudly planning to send humans to Mars and beyond, potentially setting up colonies on the Red Planet in the next century. One hundred years is not a long time to prepare for such a move, however, especially when we’re still not that sure what our living situation would be on Mars. While terraforming may allow us to adapt the planet to better suit our needs, we still have to get there first.

First, we’ll catch a better glimpse of distant celestial bodies through increasingly powerful infrared telescopes here on Earth. As space travel becomes more affordable (and even a tourist destination), we’ll be able to use what we see from down here on Earth to traverse the universe. The biggest question is, what — or who — might we meet when we do?

“By the year 2118, extraterrestrial life won’t be news but historical fact,” Jaymie Matthews, astrophysicist and professor at the University of British Columbia, told Futurism. “What’s harder to predict is how humanity will respond, and adapt, to knowing we are not alone in the Universe. Will it make us humbler? (“We are one of many.”) More arrogant? (“We are the peak of evolution in the Galaxy.”) More fearful? (“Microbes are just the tip of the alien iceberg. And Earth is the Titanic!”) Or will it help us to better understand and appreciate our own origins?”

{ https://futurism.com/ }

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Supercomputer provides black hole breakthrough

Supercomputer provides black hole breakthrough

Scientists have gained insights into the most mysterious phenomena in modern astronomy, the relativistic jets from black holes.

preview image

Video:Black hole 'relativistic jets' seen wobbling

Using supercomputer simulations, astronomers have discovered more about how black holes interact with space-time.

Black holes are regions of space-time whose gravitational effects are so strong that even electromagnetic radiation such as light cannot escape from inside of them.

As such they are incredibly difficult to study, although a collaboration between researchers from Northwestern University and the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands has managed just that.

They were examining the "relativistic jets" from black holes, the material that actually does manage to escape from them - one of the most mysterious phenomena in modern astronomy.

As explained by Northwestern University: "Similar to how water in a bathtub forms a whirlpool as it goes down a drain, the gas and magnetic fields that feed a supermassive black hole swirl to form a rotating disk - a tangled spaghetti of magnetic field lines mixed into a broth of hot gas.

"As the black hole consumes this astrophysical soup, it gobbles up the broth but leaves the magnetic spaghetti dangling out of its mouth. This makes the black hole into a kind of launching pad from which energy, in the form of relativistic jets, shoots from the web of twisted magnetic spaghetti."

:: Two monster black holes found lurking in nearby galaxies

In a black hole gravity is so powerful it traps light and distorts time and space

Image:An artist's impression of a black hole

The scientists ran complicated simulations on one of the world's most powerful supercomputers and discovered that these relativistic jets actually changed direction as a result of space-time itself being dragged into the rotation of the black hole.

"Understanding how rotating black holes drag the space-time around them and how this process affects what we see through the telescopes remains a crucial, difficult-to-crack puzzle," according to one of the researchers.

Alexander Tchekhovskoy, assistant professor of physics and astronomy at Northwestern's Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, said: "Fortunately, the breakthroughs in code development and leaps in supercomputer architecture are bringing us ever closer to finding the answers."

The researchers discovered that where previously simulations considered the disks and the axis of the black hole's rotation were aligned, in reality they are unlikely to be parallel.

The study confirmed that these tilted disks, which are likely to include the disk of the black hole at the centre of our own galaxy the Milky Way, change direction, much like a spinning top, causing the direction of the relativistic jets to change too.

"The high resolution allowed us, for the first time, to ensure that small-scale turbulent disk motions are accurately captured in our models," Mr Tchekhovskoy said.

To the researcher's surprise the motions turned out to be so strong that they caused the disk to fatten up and the direction changing to stop.

The results of their research are now being applied to interpreting the observations of the Event Horizon Telescope examining the black hole at the centre of the Milky Way.

{ https://news.sky.com/ }

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What's sending mysterious repeating fast radio bursts in space?

What's sending mysterious repeating fast radio bursts in space?

{ http://edition.cnn.com/ }

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Is this the US Air Force's secret 4,600mph spy plane? Mystery 'hypersonic aircraft' is captured in Google Earth images of a Florida airbase, claims conspiracy theorist

Is this the US Air Force's secret 4,600mph spy plane? Mystery 'hypersonic aircraft' is captured in Google Earth images of a Florida airbase, claims conspiracy theorist

  • US Air Force is believed to be developing a spy plane that travels at 4,600mph
  • Secretive hypersonic plane is being developed by defence firm Lockheed Martin
  • Google Earth images show an object that looks similar to the artist's impression
  • Pictures were taken by UFO conspiracy theorists from SectureTeam10
  • Many have dismissed the latest footage, saying it just shows a high speed boat

The US Air Force is understood to be developing a spy plane that travels at more than 4,600mph (7,400km/h).

Now, a conspiracy theorist claims he has spotted an image of the mystery craft on Google Earth's view of Florida.  

The satellite image appears to show an object similar to the artist's impression of the secretive hypersonic plane being developed by defence firm Lockheed Martin. 

It comes a day after Lockheed Martin's secretive Skunk Works unit said it had already finished making the radical hypersonic update of the long-retired Mach 3 SR-71 Blackbird spy plane.

Images from Google Earth show an object that looks similar to the artist's impression of the secretive hypersonic plane being developed by defence firm Lockheed Martin

Images from Google Earth show an object that looks similar to the artist's impression of the secretive hypersonic plane being developed by defence firm Lockheed Martin

SECURETEAM 10 CONTROVERSY

SectureTeam10 is one of the most viewed YouTube channels, with over 785,000 people subscribing to its conspiracy videos.

But the channel has come under fire, as Lions Ground, a rival channel, claims that it has been intentionally fooling its viewers.

According to Lions Ground, SecureTeam10 has been raking in an estimated £600 ($745) a day by posting fake videos that 'outsmart UFO believers.'

Lots of people were sceptical of their latest claims, with many saying the footage showed a high speed boat. 

The Google satellite images were compiled in a video by Tyler Glockner, known for uploading images of UFO sightings to his YouTube channel Secureteam10.

Whoever created the craft has a 'main foothold in designing aircraft engines that are widely used in civilian and military aviation', Mr Glockner claimed.

'What you're seeing is a very secretive object... I haven't been able to work out what it is', he said.

More than 400,000 people viewed the video which shows a series of screen shots from Google Earth.

'It is no public aircraft that has been disclosed', Mr Glockner claimed.

'You can see that this thing looks like a hypersonic aircraft or spacecraft'.

The shape is similar to the SR-72 hypersonic plane - which is set to be a strike and reconnaissance aircraft that tops Mach 6, writes Daily Star. 

The strange footage was captured by Tyler Glockner, known for uploading images of UFO sightings to his YouTube channel secureteam10

The strange footage was captured by Tyler Glockner, known for uploading images of UFO sightings to his YouTube channel secureteam10

US Air Force is understood to be developing a spy plane that travels at speeds of 4,600mph (7,400kmh) (artist's impression) and new footage could give a glimpse of the new craft

US Air Force is understood to be developing a spy plane that travels at speeds of 4,600mph (7,400kmh) (artist's impression) and new footage could give a glimpse of the new craft

The shape is similar to the SR-72 hypersonic plane (pictured) - which is set to be a strike and reconnaissance aircraft that tops Mach 6

The shape is similar to the SR-72 hypersonic plane (pictured) - which is set to be a strike and reconnaissance aircraft that tops Mach 6

THE SR-72 HYPERSONIC PLANE

The US Air Force is understood to be developing a spy plane that travels at speeds of over 4,600mph (7,400kmh) and new footage could give a glimpse of the new craft.

The shape is similar to the SR-72 hypersonic plane - which is set to be a strike and reconnaissance aircraft that tops Mach 6. 

The defence firm Lockheed Martin firm has been working on the project since the early 2000s. 

Earlier this week reports suggested the radical hypersonic update of the long-retired Mach 3 SR-71 Blackbird spy plane might have already been finished. 

However, lots of people were sceptical of the claims, which many saying the footage showed a high speed boat. 

The defence firm Lockheed Martin firm has been working on the project since the early 2000s. 

However, many people were skeptical of the claims, with many saying the footage showed a high speed boat.

'It honestly looks like one of those racing jet boats', wrote YouTube user 'Kody Read'.

'It looks like a powerboat I live next to the ocean seen this shape before and it is next to swamp land and water', wrote another user 'Jamie Lynn'.

One user, called 'Leo Pokat' said it was a 'UPO - unimaginable parked object'.

Earlier this week reports suggested the radical hypersonic update of the long-retired Mach 3 SR-71 Blackbird spy plane might have already been finished.  

Jack O'Banion, Vice President of Strategy and Customer Requirements, Advanced Development Programs for Lockheed Martin, let slip at a conference the unmanned aircraft has already been made. 

More than 400,000 people viewed the video which shows a series of screen shots from Google Earth of the strange object

More than 400,000 people viewed the video which shows a series of screen shots from Google Earth of the strange object

SectureTeam10 is one of the most viewed YouTube channels, with over 785,000 people subscribing to its conspiracy videos. Pictured is their latest Google Earth footage

SectureTeam10 is one of the most viewed YouTube channels, with over 785,000 people subscribing to its conspiracy videos. Pictured is their latest Google Earth footage

The footage was taken from Palm Beach County Florida. Lots of people were sceptical of the claims, which many saying the footage showed a high speed boat

The footage was taken from Palm Beach County Florida. Lots of people were sceptical of the claims, which many saying the footage showed a high speed boat

Speaking at the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics SciTech Forum, he showed a slide of a digital mockup of the craft, and said 'Without the digital transformation, the aircraft you see there could not have been made.'

Mr O'Banion also said the aircraft will have a 'digital twin' that knows every part on the aircraft. 

'Talking about speed, you're talking about hypersonics, aircraft that operate above Mach 5,' he said. 

Read more:

{ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

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Sapiens by Yuval Noah Harari

Sapiens by Yuval Noah Harari

Most people say that history began 10,000 years ago, when humans began writing things down. If Ancient Aliens is to be believed, we were all grunting, stupid apes prior to that. The former is a reasonable guess. The latter is little more than snake oil meant to sell books and advertising on the History Channel.

Sapiens by Yuval Noah Harari

But historian Yuval Noah Harari suggests history actually began 70,000 years ago, when an unremarkable primate we now call Homo sapiensunderwent what he terms “the cognitive revolution.” To Harari, this explains why other humans – Neanderthals, Dinosevians, and so on – no longer walk among us. Something changed in the brains of the sole remaining human species that allowed it to leap frog its way up the food chain and spread out across the world.

The change was the ability to create fiction. Mythmaking. And while many profess that they have no need of religion, Harari suggests this is self delusion. To illustrate, he explains that the car company Peugeot does not really exist. Nor does the United States, human rights, or much anything else we take for granted. Peugeot (or you can take GM, Tesla, Toyota. In fact, any large or small corporation will do.) is not its employees. If the employees all quit tomorrow, Peugeot could simply replace them with new workers or robots. The company is not its cars. If every Peugeot car in existence were scrapped in a day, Peugeot would simply build new cars. Peugeot is not its management. If Peugeot’s management all resigned or were killed or sent to prison, stockholders and employees would simply hire new management. In fact, the only way for Peugeot to cease to exist is if either the stockholders and management dissolve the company or the courts, for whatever reason, order it to disband. Peugeot is a collective fiction designed to facilitate the building of cars. Neanderthals could not do that. Humans can. They do it with everything from corporations to religion to nation states to concepts like rights and property, and especially money. None of these things exist in reality, and yet they do. Because we all agree that they do.

This, Harari posits, is what makes Homo sapiens special. He divides the history of the species into three revolutions: The first is the cognitive, in which humans learned to gossip, trade, tell stories, and create ideas that made bands of hunter-gatherers something more than a collection of hominids roving in highly intelligent packs. The second is the agricultural revolution, in which humans found it more efficient to pen in animals and grow crops in fields. This gave rise to empires, money, writing, and cities. The last is the scientific revolution, and it explains why a backwater continent like Europe was suddenly able to conquer the world. Modern commerce, complex technology, and the computer age arose from this.

Harari says that one should not consider one age better than the other. For instance, hunter-gatherers actually worked fewer hours to survive than most modern humans. And because the only animals they lived with domestically were dogs, they were less prone to disease than we would be later. But we also were not an apex predator quite yet. The agricultural revolution found humans more self-sufficient and safer from predators. And one need only watch an episode of Game of Thrones to see how irrelevant the average empire was to the life of a peasant, who could grow his own food. But it also made us dependent on limited food sources and put is in close proximity with livestock that could transmit diseases that, before and since, were not much of an issue for us. And the scientific revolution, while ultimately reducing violence (you’re more likely to commit suicide or get hit by a car than die in a war or be murdered today), disease, and starvation, also has wrecked the environment. And humans, despite their adaptability, have a tendency to drive large mammals to extinction. We haven’t been killing off every animal on the planet, but hunter-gatherers wiped out the mastodon and giant sloth, and right now, the only animals that seem to be thriving are microbes, domestic pets, and livestock and poultry. Harari’s conclusion is that humans’ ability to think and adapt is amazing, but it also has caused changes in our species that evolution cannot keep up with. We’ve not had time to get our DNA out of the African savanna, and that has consequences, both good and bad.

{ http://www.tshottle.com/ }

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Meteorites carrying both water and organic compounds point to an ocean world “seeding life” in the universe

Meteorites carrying both water and organic compounds point to an ocean world “seeding life” in the universe

BY ALEXANDRU MICU

New research raises an intriguing possibility — that of an alien ocean world seeding life throughout space.

Blue crystal.

One of the meteorites’ tiny crystals bearing organic compounds.
Image credits Queenie Chan / The Open University.

In 1998, a group of friends had to cut their basketball game short for a somewhat unexpected reason — a meteorite decided to crash just yards away from the hoop.

Seeds of life

But that seems to have been fortune’s plan all along, as the rock seems to be a harbinger of life rather than death. Initial analysis of the chunk of meteorite, along with another that fell in Morocco the same year, revealed traces of liquid water and other organic components that underpin life. Now, an in-depth chemical analysis points to an ancient ocean world as the likely cradle of these organic compounds. It’s possible that such material could seed life on planets they land on, including the early Earth.

Initial analysis revealed that the main elements inside the meteorites include liquid water and amino acids. Taken together, that’s not really news — we’ve found such compounds in meteorites and in space before. They might not be as rare as we tend to believe. However, we’d never seen them together in a single alien sample before these two bits of space rock were first analyzed.

That made the meteorites really special, so they were preserved at NASA’s Johnson Space Center. Keen to find out more, an international team of researchers has recently sampled the organic compounds locked away in these meteorites’ 2-mm long salt crystals using an X-ray beamline and microscope, as well as other chemical experiments.

Along with traces of liquid water, they report finding organogenic elements like carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen, along with more complex organic compounds such as hydrocarbons and amino acids. In other words, we’ve found the fundamental building blocks of life as we know it right next to water — in a space rock.

“This is really the first time we have found abundant organic matter also associated with liquid water that is really crucial to the origin of life and the origin of complex organic compounds in space,” says study lead author Queenie Chan.

“We’re looking at the organic ingredients that can lead to the origin of life.”

After discovering this exciting chemical cocktail, the next step was to see where the meteorites came from, and where they inherited their organic matter. Their complex chemistry (in comparison to other meteorites) makes it unlikely that they’re simply left-over bits from the creation of the Solar System. Instead, the team narrowed their search to an ancient ocean world — similar to today’s Enceladus or Ceres. Water and ice plumes (which are relatively commonly-seen on such bodies) shooting out into space could have doused the meteorites, locking the planet’s organic compounds in the salt crystals.

According to co-author Yoko Kebukawa, the organic matter seen in these samples is “somewhat similar” to what we’ve previously found in primitive meteorites. The results of the analysis support the idea that the “organic matter originated from a water-rich, or previously water-rich parent body”, she explains, adding that it’s “possibly Ceres“.

Encased in the salt crystals, such biomolecules could safely make it across the cosmos. Even microscopic life could survive on a space-cruise within a similar system, the team says. Once in space, all kinds of things could happen to help spread these seeds of life around — collisions between asteroids, for example, would push them along or shatter them into even more ‘seeds’. After making it to a planet, such rocks could jump-start life on the surface.

“Everything leads to the conclusion that the origin of life is really possible elsewhere,” Chan adds. “There is a great range of organic compounds within these meteorites, including a very primitive type of organics that likely represent the early solar system’s organic composition.”

Next, the team plans to look at other crystals embedded in the meteorites that haven’t yet been analyzed. Who knows what we may find? Maybe a tiny alien bacterium swimming around?

The paper “Organic matter in extraterrestrial water-bearing salt crystals” has been publishedin the journal Science.

{ https://www.zmescience.com/ }

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Japanse astronaut bezorgd over groeispurt van zo maar even negen centimeter in drie weken - HLN.be

Japanse astronaut bezorgd over groeispurt van zo maar even negen centimeter in drie weken - HLN.be

Bron: ANP, Belga

Astronaut Norishige Kanai.


 EPAAstronaut Norishige Kanai.
 Een Japanse astronaut is bezorgd omdat hij al 9 centimeter is gegroeid sinds hij drie weken geleden aankwam in het internationale ruimtestation ISS.

Norishige Kanai schreef op sociale media dat hij bang is dat hij niet meer in een Sojoezraket past als hij in juni terug naar aarde moet komen, meldt de BBC. Astronauten groeien gemiddeld 2 tot 5 centimeter als ze in de ruimte zijn. Dat komt doordat er geen zwaartekracht is die de rugwervels op elkaar drukt. “Ik groeide als een plant in slechts drie weken. Niet meer sinds de middelbare school”, schreef Kanai. Een Sojoezraket heeft plaats voor acht personen. Als astronauten te lang worden, kan dat een probleem opleveren.

Lees ook

De Amerikaan Scott Tingle, de Rus Anton Tsjkaplerov en de Japanner Norishige Kanai vormen het nieuwe gezelschap van drie ruimtevaarders die al in september zijn vertrokken naar het ISS: de Rus Aleksandr Missoerkin en de Amerikanen Mark Vande Hei en Joseph Acaba. Voor de 52-jarige Tingle en de 40-jarige Kanai is het een eerste missie. Hun 43-jarige Russische collega heeft in totaal al een jaar in de ruimte doorgebracht. 

De drie nieuw aangekomen astronauten zullen naar verwachting ongeveer vier maanden wonen en werken in de spacemeccano. Ze zullen 51 wetenschappelijke experimenten uitvoeren, en maken druk aankomend en vertrekkend verkeer mee. Voor februari staat een ruimtewandeling ten behoeve van het Russisch segment op de agenda.

Astronauten Anton Tsjkaplerov (C), Scott Tingle (R) en Norishige Kanai (L) voor hun vertrek naar het ISS.

 EPA Astronauten Anton Tsjkaplerov (C), Scott Tingle (R) en Norishige Kanai (L) voor hun vertrek naar het ISS.

Norishige Kanai.

REUTERS

Norishige Kanai.

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

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UFOs surprise Kiwi farmer

UFOs surprise Kiwi farmer

Dan Satherley

Image result for UFOs surprise Kiwi farmer

The three lights spent a couple of minutes zipping about.

Credits: UFO Today

A Kiwi farmer looking after a cow in labour has caught three UFOs on camera.

Popular YouTube account UFO Today uploaded the footage, saying it was sent in by a subscriber.

"She was watching out for a cow that was about to [give] birth when she suddenly saw this weird light outside over the field," the description reads.

"Her first thought was that these lights were part of a military operation, but after a minute or two realised she was witnessing something else. After the sighting the cow gave birth to 2 young calves.

"She [sent] us the footage and she hopes we can find out what it was she saw."

Viewers were impressed with the clarity of the video, even if they couldn't decide what the lights were.

"Continue watching the trajectory after the light blinks out," wrote TheyLive YouSleep.

"You'll see a BLACK shadowy residual form collect in the area and then disappear. If this isn't CGI...then this looks more like an interdimensional shift/being than a physical ship from space."

"None are moving fast - so why couldn't these be drones?" said Tod C Steele. "That's the problem anymore, too many knuckleheads out goofing around."

"Nothing more than stoned skydivers," suggested Paul Kremastiotis.

It's not apparent exactly where the lights were spotted.

The sighting coincides with the airing of the first episode of the new series of hit paranormal TV show The X Files.

Newshub.

{ http://www.newshub.co.nz/home.html }

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Nieuw-Zeelandse boerin verrast door UFO’s. Wat zijn dit voor vreemde lichtbollen?

Nieuw-Zeelandse boerin verrast door UFO's in de lucht. Wat zijn dit voor vreemde lichtbollen?

Nieuw-Zeelandse boerin verrast door UFO’s. Wat zijn dit voor vreemde lichtbollen?

Een boerin uit Nieuw-Zeeland heeft drie UFO’s vastgelegd op camera terwijl één van haar koeien aan het bevallen was.

De beelden zijn op internet gezet door YouTube-kanaal UFO Today. Volgens het kanaal is het materiaal ingezonden door een abonnee.

“Ze was bij een koe die op het punt stond te bevallen toen ze plotseling dit vreemde licht boven het weiland zag,” aldus de beschrijving onder de video.

Iets anders

“Ze dacht in eerste instantie dat de lichten onderdeel waren van een militaire operatie, maar na een minuut of twee besefte ze dat ze getuige was van iets anders. Na de waarneming gaf de koe geboorte aan twee kalfjes.”

“Ze heeft ons de beelden opgestuurd en hoopt dat we kunnen achterhalen wat ze heeft gezien.”

Mensen waren onder de indruk van de beelden, hoewel ze niet konden bepalen wat de mysterieuze lichten waren.

Niet bekend

“Als dit geen CGI is lijkt het meer op een interdimensionaal wezen dan een fysiek schip uit de ruimte,” reageerde TheyLive YouSleep.

“Ze bewegen niet snel, dus waarom zouden het geen drones kunnen zijn?” vroeg Tod C Steele.

Paul Kremastiotis dacht aan parachutespringers.

Het is niet bekend waar de lichten precies zijn waargenomen, meldt Newshub.

Bekijk de beelden hieronder:

[Newshub] 
 
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Deze bizarre ruimtesteen bevat iets wat nergens anders in ons zonnestelsel wordt gevonden

Deze bizarre ruimtesteen bevat iets wat nergens anders in ons zonnestelsel wordt gevonden

Deze bizarre ruimtesteen bevat iets wat nergens anders in ons zonnestelsel wordt gevonden

Een steen die in Egypte is gevonden, komt niet alleen niet van de aarde, maar bevat ook micromineralen die nergens anders op aarde, in andere meteorieten of waar dan ook in het zonnestelsel worden gevonden.

De ontdekking van de steen doet vragen rijzen over het ontstaan van het zonnestelsel.

De zogeheten Hypatia-steen werd in 2013 ontdekt in het zuidwesten van Egypte en vernoemd naar wetenschapper Hypatia van Alexandrië.

Helemaal uniek

Uit een analyse bleek dat de met diamant gevulde steen niet afkomstig was van een komeet of meteoriet en helemaal uniek was.

Onderzoekers van de Universiteit van Johannesburg hebben de steen opnieuw onderzocht en ontdekt dat de samenstelling van het materiaal anders is dan die van ander interplanetair materiaal dat op de aarde terechtgekomen is.

Ze stuitten daarnaast op mineralen die ouder lijken te zijn dan onze zon.

De steen moet onderdeel zijn geweest van een groter stuk rots dat een doorsnee heeft gehad van enkele meters.

Image result for Hypatia

Nog vreemder

Bijna alle meteorieten die op aarde vallen zijn chondrieten, die veel koolstof en veel silicium bevatten.

Hypatia bevat daartegen veel koolstof, maar zeer kleine hoeveelheden silicium.

“Nog vreemder is dat de matrix grote hoeveelheden zeer specifieke koolstofverbindingen bevat, die polyaromatische koolwaterstoffen worden genoemd,” zei hoofdonderzoeker Jan Kramers.

“Die maken onderdeel uit van interstellair stof, wat al bestond voordat ons zonnestelsel werd gevormd,” voegde hij toe.

Nóg vreemder

Andere ontdekkingen waren nóg vreemder. De onderzoekers troffen aluminium in zijn pure vorm aan, wat voor zover bekend zelden tot nooit voorkomt in het zonnestelsel.

Ze vonden bovendien een verbinding die grotendeels bestaat uit fosfor en nikkel, maar die geen ijzer bevat, een samenstelling die nog nooit eerder is gezien, niet op aarde en niet bij ander materiaal uit de ruimte.

Het onderzoek is gepubliceerd in het tijdschrift Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta.

Foto: Originalwana Wikimedia Commons

[University of Johannesburg] 
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