Ontdek de Fascinerende Wereld van UFO's en UAP's: Jouw Bron voor Onthullende Informatie!
Ben jij ook gefascineerd door het onbekende? Wil je meer weten over UFO's en UAP's, niet alleen in België, maar over de hele wereld? Dan ben je op de juiste plek!
België: Het Kloppend Hart van UFO-onderzoek
In België is BUFON (Belgisch UFO-Netwerk) dé autoriteit op het gebied van UFO-onderzoek. Voor betrouwbare en objectieve informatie over deze intrigerende fenomenen, bezoek je zeker onze Facebook-pagina en deze blog. Maar dat is nog niet alles! Ontdek ook het Belgisch UFO-meldpunt en Caelestia, twee organisaties die diepgaand onderzoek verrichten, al zijn ze soms kritisch of sceptisch.
Nederland: Een Schat aan Informatie
Voor onze Nederlandse buren is er de schitterende website www.ufowijzer.nl, beheerd door Paul Harmans. Deze site biedt een schat aan informatie en artikelen die je niet wilt missen!
Internationaal: MUFON - De Wereldwijde Autoriteit
Neem ook een kijkje bij MUFON (Mutual UFO Network Inc.), een gerenommeerde Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in de VS en wereldwijd. MUFON is toegewijd aan de wetenschappelijke en analytische studie van het UFO-fenomeen, en hun maandelijkse tijdschrift, The MUFON UFO-Journal, is een must-read voor elke UFO-enthousiasteling. Bezoek hun website op www.mufon.com voor meer informatie.
Samenwerking en Toekomstvisie
Sinds 1 februari 2020 is Pieter niet alleen ex-president van BUFON, maar ook de voormalige nationale directeur van MUFON in Vlaanderen en Nederland. Dit creëert een sterke samenwerking met de Franse MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP, wat ons in staat stelt om nog meer waardevolle inzichten te delen.
Let op: Nepprofielen en Nieuwe Groeperingen
Pas op voor een nieuwe groepering die zich ook BUFON noemt, maar geen enkele connectie heeft met onze gevestigde organisatie. Hoewel zij de naam geregistreerd hebben, kunnen ze het rijke verleden en de expertise van onze groep niet evenaren. We wensen hen veel succes, maar we blijven de autoriteit in UFO-onderzoek!
Blijf Op De Hoogte!
Wil jij de laatste nieuwtjes over UFO's, ruimtevaart, archeologie, en meer? Volg ons dan en duik samen met ons in de fascinerende wereld van het onbekende! Sluit je aan bij de gemeenschap van nieuwsgierige geesten die net als jij verlangen naar antwoorden en avonturen in de sterren!
Heb je vragen of wil je meer weten? Aarzel dan niet om contact met ons op te nemen! Samen ontrafelen we het mysterie van de lucht en daarbuiten.
Berichten van 1 augustus 2018 tot 31 augustus 2018
Satellite Photo Shows A Round Object Beneath Water Off Greek Coast
Ufologists online have come into a frenzy after the discovery of a mysterious circular shape on satellite maps of Google. They are speculating that it could be a hidden submersible off the coast of Greece.
Website Disclose.TV, which posts information about aliens and UFOs, got the people’s attention after it published the circular object online. The unidentified submersible object was reportedly viewed online through Google Maps in the Aegean Sea.
The object is approximately 220 feet long using the ruler on Google Earth for the measurement. It is not established whether the UFO has ever been seen for real or just the image as a result of an optical illusion, such as a trick of the light.
Several folks offer their suggestion as to what the satellite imagery is showing. Many of them believe that the mysterious thing is newly-found evidence that we are not alone.
One commentator says that something here doesn’t belong. They describe the find as an impressive catch and would love to hear the official excuses on this one.
A second person states that it is indeed weird as nothing in the area looks remotely like that object.
A more skeptical commenter said that the shadow underwater could be from the old pier.
However, for now, the actual cause of the bizarre shape stays a mystery. Anyone can view the location on Google Maps here.
Space Agency Observes Strange Flashes Of Light On the Moon
Two great flashes of light were observed erupting on the dark side of the Moon. A sector of conspiracy theorists has suggested these lights could be alien UFOs.
On the nights of July 17 and 18, the Moon Impacts Detection and Analysis System (MIDAS) observed the bizarre phenomena.
MIDAS observatories in Spain search the Lunar surface on a daily basis for asteroid and meteor impacts.
According to the European Space Agency (ESA), the flashes were registered almost precisely 24 hours apart, apparently in pursuit of one another.
High-sensitivity CCD cameras capture detailed photographs of the bumpy surface of the moon that show the exact moment of impact.
Both MIDAS and the ESA agree the flashes were very much extraterrestrial in origin.
The force of impact is tremendous, but current estimate suggests that the extraterrestrial objects were no larger than the average walnut.
ESA said that transient flashes such as these are hard to study and challenging to determine the cause.
Three astronomical observatories in Spain work on behalf of the MIDAS project to scan the Moon for the transient flashes. They are equipped with powerful telescopes and CCD cameras to detect and try to identify the various impacts that rock the bright orb.
MIDAS believe that understanding these lunar impacts can help protect the Earth from similar dangers.
Deep inside Brazil, there are tunnels large enough for a person to walk through. They are neatly symmetrical—too neat to have been caused by any known geologic process. And they are lined with claw marks.
These megatunnels are probably the handiwork of giant ground sloths—humongous "paleoburrows" that no longer walk the Earth. But tens of thousands of years after these megafauna did their digging, those tunnels still dot this part of South America. Discover has a great feature up about it.
Claw marks
HEINRICH FRANKS
Up until the 2000s, little was known or written about this bounty of holes. But since he came upon his first one near Novo Hamburgo, Brazilian scientist Heinrich Frank has found more than 1,500 tunnels. Frank has found burrows that measure hundreds of feet long. Scientists have discovered one with branching tunnels that, when you measure the thing in its entirety, comes in at 2,000 feet long. It had to have been dug by many creatures over generations, not by one or two giant sloths.
The big open question is, Why? The tunnels appear to be much larger than any burrowing animal would need to get away from bad weather or hungry predators. As Frank tells Discover, "There's no explanation – not predators, not climate, not humidity. I really don't know."
Next week, astronauts on the International Space Station are getting a brand new room. Called the BEAM, short for Bigelow Expandable Activity Module, the room is launching on top of one of SpaceX's rockets on Friday; it will then be attached to the ISS sometime within the next four months. The BEAM, which is created by private company Bigelow Aerospace, will remain deflated during launch, but once in orbit, it will inflate up to four times its size, providing more overall volume for the interior of the ISS.
The BEAM isn't a permanent addition to the space station, though. It will only stay attached to the ISS for two years, and the astronauts will go inside the habitat very rarely. That's because the main goal of the BEAM is to test out if this expandable habitat technology actually works. A successful mission could be the first step to something bigger: an era when expandable space habitats orbit the Earth, allowing for scientists and tourists to visit these "space hotels."
THE PATH TO BEAM
The concept of expandable spacecraft isn't new. In the 1960s, NASA launched a series of expandable communication probes called the Echo satellites, which looked like big metallic balloons. The satellites inflated in space and turned into mirror-like reflectors that bounced signals from one spot on Earth to another. Since then, NASA and other private companies have toyed with the idea of scaling up expandable spacecraft so that they could house humans in space.
ONCE IN ORBIT, THE BEAM WILL INFLATE UP TO FOUR TIMES ITS SIZE
It wasn't until recently that technology advanced enough to turn expandable habitats into a reality. In 1991, NASA temporarily pursued the idea of an expandable module called the TransHab, which could connect to the ISS. "At that point, material science had matured," Mike Gold, the director of operations and business growth at Bigelow Aerospace, told The Verge. "Basically these were materials that were sufficiently robust to provide superior protection in the space environment, yet could be folded and manipulated." In the mid-1990s, NASA scrapped the idea, but Bigelow ultimately purchased the rights to the TransHab patents and has been working on expandable habitats for over15 years.
Bigelow Aerospace
Now, for the first time, the BEAM will be tested in space. The 3,000-pound module will ride into orbit on SpaceX's Dragon capsule, which is departing on Friday from Cape Canaveral, Florida, along with an additional 1,300 pounds of food, water, and supplies for the station. During transit, the cylindrical BEAM will be about 7 feet (2.16 meters) long and 7.7 feet (2.36 meters) in diameter. Once the Dragon reaches the station, the Canadian robotic arm will remove the module from the capsule and attach it to the Tranquility node of the ISS.
Within four months of the BEAM's attachment, the astronauts will start the habitat's inflation sequence and the BEAM will expand to its maximum capacity: about 13 feet (4.01 meters) long and 10.6 feet (3.23 meters) in diameter. That provides about 565 cubic feet (16 m^3) of volume in which astronauts can move around. However, the ISS crew will only enter the habitat about three to four times a year and for a few hours each visit. During these trips, the astronauts will collect data gathered by the BEAM's five sensors, letting NASA and Bigelow Aerospace know how the module is holding up in the space environment.
THE BENEFITS OF EXPANDABILITY
Bigelow boasts that the BEAM module will add an extra layer of protection for astronauts in space. The company won't say the exact materials that make up the module, but Bigelow claims the habitat's design can substantially reduce the effects of deep space radiation, since it isn't made of metal. When cosmic rays hit metallic space structures, the collisions can produce what is known as "secondary radiation" that further harms astronauts. The BEAM should cut down on that effect, according to Gold. The module’s proprietary material is also designed to protect against space debris, though the company won’t divulge exactly how.
One of the main draws of the BEAM is that it’s relatively lightweight for a space habitat. At 3,000 pounds, it is significantly lighter than the metal Unity module on the ISS, for instance, which is made of aluminum and weighs more than 26,000 pounds. NASA was able to transport Unity and the other large ISS modules into orbit thanks to the Space Shuttle, which had a large cargo bay capable of taking upwards of 50,000 pounds into space. But with the Shuttle now grounded and NASA lacking a heavy-lift vehicle, getting such heavy objects into space isn't an option at the moment. Expandable modules like the BEAM are light enough that they can be launched on orbital rockets like the SpaceX Falcon 9 or ULA's Atlas V rocket, which can't carry as much weight as the Shuttle.
AN ADVANTAGE OF BEAM IS THAT IT REMAINS COMPACT DURING TRANSIT
Another advantage of BEAM is that it remains compact during transit. That design allows Bigelow to get very large objects into space when there is limited room on available rockets. "The fact that you don’t need as big a launch vehicle to launch it means you’re not constrained by the size of the payload," said Jim Muncy, an independent space policy consultant at the Space Frontier Foundation. Because of this, Bigelow can potentially get more overall habitat volume into space using less rocket launches. "If you have to conduct two launches to put up the equivalent volume you can do with just one expandable habitat system, it's saving you the cost of that second launch, which is a dramatic cost savings," said Gold.
Plus, the lighter and smaller a module is, the less it costs to launch that module into orbit. The BEAM itself only cost $17.8 million to build, already making it one of the more affordable modules ever to attach to the ISS. And with reusable rockets bringing down the cost of spaceflight in general, getting an expandable habitat into space becomes even less expensive. "Just as commercial launch vehicles offer more capability per dollar in terms of getting stuff into space, expandable habitats offer a cheaper way to keep people alive in space," said Muncy.
A FUTURE OF SPACE HOTELS?
Bigelow's B330 concept. (Bigelow Aerospace)
Bigelow Aerospace has much more ambitious goals beyond the BEAM: the company plans to build commercial space hotels in the future. Its next big project will be the B330, an inflatable space station that will operate in lower Earth orbit. That habitat will have 12,000 cubic feet (330 cubic meters) of interior space and could be a place for conducting scientific research, as well as a destination for future space tourists or astronauts headed to the Moon or Mars. The B330 could also potentially take the place of the International Space Station, which is currently slated to end operations by 2024. "NASA is quite clear they’re getting out of lower Earth orbit," said Gold. "The B330 system can support that transition, by at first complementing and then succeeding the ISS. It will ensure our presence in lower Earth orbit."
But a few more things need to happen before the B330 and other expandable commercial habitats become places that people can actually visit. First, people will need rides to these stations. Right now, the only way to transport people to the ISS is with the Russian Soyuz rocket. SpaceX and Boeing will begin transporting NASA astronauts to and from the space station in 2017, so it's possible these systems will be able to provide rides to a future commercial habitat like the B330.
IN ORDER FOR THESE HABITATS TO REALLY TAKE OFF, THERE NEEDS TO BE SOME KIND OF RETURN ON INVESTMENT
In order for these habitats to really take off, there needs to be some kind of return on investment too. Bigelow could potentially rent out the habitats to scientists conducting research or charge super high fees to wealthy space tourists. "The utility of a module is not just based on total volume," said Muncy. "It’s based on what you can do with it." Bigelow also needs to demonstrate that its habitats can keep occupants safe once they arrive. The BEAM doesn’t have a life support system and is relying on the space station's environmental controls to keep astronauts alive when inside. Bigelow will need to demonstrate its habitats can operate with a working life support system, which the company plans to do with the B330 project.
For now, Bigelow isn't beholden to government regulations when it comes to making and operating its modules. The Federal Aviation Administration is prohibited from regulating commercial activity that happens in space until at least the year 2023, thanks to the US Commercial Space Launch Competitiveness Act of 2015. "We don’t have the in-space authority to regulate what happens between launch and re-entry, but we do care about it," said George Nield, the associate administrator for commercial space transportation at the FAA. That’s why the agency has a list of recommendations that private companies can follow for keeping people safe in space, and Bigelow has taken this advice into consideration, Nield said.
The FAA may eventually be granted more authority to regulate space operations if commercial space hotels do become a reality. And Nield believes we’ll be seeing more space hotels built over the next few decades. "We're going to see private industry stepping up and picking up some of these opportunities, especially in lower Earth orbit," he said. "There are many people that are willing to have that lifetime experience to see the planet from space."
On Sunday, Robert Bigelow — real estate mogul and founder of the space habitat company Bigelow Aerospace — did an interview with 60 Minutes, in which he touted the strengths of the commercial space industry and how private companies would pave the way for people to live in space. He also said aliens have definitely visited Earth.
Lara Logan: Do you believe in aliens?
Robert Bigelow: I'm absolutely convinced. That's all there is to it.
Lara Logan: Do you also believe that UFOs have come to Earth?
Robert Bigelow: There has been and is an existing presence, an ET presence. And I spent millions and millions and millions -- I probably spent more as an individual than anybody else in the United States has ever spent on this subject.
Bigelow told 60 Minutes that he first became interested in aliens after his grandparents had a close encounter with a UFO outside Las Vegas once. “It really sped up and came right into their face and filled up the entire windshield of the car,” he said during the interview. “And it took off at a right angle and shot off into the distance.”
Admitting you believe in aliens is one thing, but Bigelow seems to be no less than a true Believer. He told 60 Minutes that he’s also had “close encounters” but wouldn’t divulge any specifics. And apparently, Bigelow owns a company that has been getting referrals from the FAA about reports of UFOs and other weird activity, 60 Minutes confirmed. In fact, his fascination with aliens is the reason there’s an alien illustration on the side of Bigelow Aerospace’s headquarters in Las Vegas.
Skeptical? That’s fine. He doesn’t care about the haters.
Lara Logan: Is it risky for you to say in public that you believe in UFOs and aliens?
Robert Bigelow: I don't give a damn. I don't care.
Lara Logan: You don't worry that some people will say, "Did you hear that guy, he sounds like he's crazy"?
Robert Bigelow: I don't care.
Lara Logan: Why not?
Robert Bigelow: It's not gonna make a difference. It's not gonna change reality of what I know.
Lara Logan: Do you imagine that in our space travels we will encounter other forms of intelligent life?
Robert Bigelow: You don't have to go anywhere.
Lara Logan: You can find it here? Where exactly?
Robert Bigelow: It's just like right under people's noses. Oh my gosh. Wow.
To be fair, if aliens are already living here, I guess it doesn’t really matter if you believe in them or not. They seem to be blending in just fine. Also, Bigelow’s belief doesn’t seem to have detracted much from his success. He told Logan he’s made enough from building long-stay rental apartments to support Bigelow Aerospace, which launched its first inflatable human-rated habitat last year. The module, known as the BEAM, is currently attached to the International Space Station. Meanwhile, Bigelow Aerospace is working toward making an even bigger space station called the B330, which the company wants to send to space as early as 2020. No word yet if aliens are secretly working on the technology
Credible reports of a meteor exploding with 2.1 kiolotons of force above a US Air Force early warning radar at Thule Air Base in Greenland have surfaced.
The Air Force has been silent on the event.
NASA did provide a Tweet with data showing record of an object of unspecified size traveling at 24.4 Kilometers per second (about 54,000 MPH or Mach 74) almost directly over Thule, Greenland.
A curious and credible Tweet from the Director of the Nuclear Information Project for the Federation of American Scientists, Hans Kristensen, on August 1, 2018 at 5:14 PM Washington D.C. time claimed that a, "Meteor explodes with 2.1 kilotons force 43 km above missile early warning radar at Thule Air Base."
The Tweet apparently originated from Twitter user "Rocket Ron", a "Space Explorer at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory". The original Tweet read, "A fireball was detected over Greenland on July 25, 2018 by US Government sensors at an altitude of 43.3 km. The energy from the explosion is estimated to be 2.1 kilotons." Rocket Ron's Tweet hit in the afternoon on Jul. 31.
We’re still here, so they correctly concluded it was not a Russian first strike. There are nearly 2,000 nukes on alert, ready to launch.
Rocket Ron @RonBaalke
A fireball was detected over Greenland on July 25, 2018 by US Government sensors at an altitude of 43.3 km. The energy from the explosion is estimated to be 2.1 kilotons.
The incident is fascinating for a long list of reasons, not the least of which is how the Air Force integrates the use of social media reporting (and non-reporting) into their official flow of information. As of this writing, no reporting about any such event appears on the public news website of the 12th Space Warning Squadron based at Thule, the 21st Space Wing, or the Wing's 821st Air Base Group that operates and maintains Thule Air Base in support of missile warning, space surveillance and satellite command and control operations missions.
AN/FPS-132: Upgraded Early Warning radar (UEWR) - provides detection and attack warning of sea-launched ballistic missiles US Air Force
NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory did provide a Tweet with a screenshot of data showing record of an object of unspecified size traveling at (!) 24.4 Kilometers per second (about 54,000 MPH or Mach 74) at 76.9 degrees' north latitude, 69.0 degrees' west longitude on July 25, 2018 at 11:55 PM. That latitude and longitude does check out as almost directly over Thule, Greenland.
NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory showed the object’s reentry on their database. JPL via Twitter
When you look at NASA's Near Earth Object (NEO) Program database for objects entering the atmosphere you see that, "The data indicate that small asteroids struck Earth's atmosphere - resulting in what astronomers call a bolide (a fireball, or bright meteor) - on 556 separate occasions in a 20-year period. Almost all asteroids of this size disintegrate in the atmosphere and are usually harmless." That is a rate of one asteroid, or "bolide", every 13 days over the 20-year study according to a 2014 article by Deborah Byrd for Science Wire as published on EarthSky.org.
But there are exceptions.
You may recall the sensational YouTube and social media videos of the very large Chelyabinsk meteor that struck the earth on Feb. 15, 2013. Luckily it entered the earth's atmosphere at a shallow trajectory and largely disintegrated. Had it entered at a more perpendicular angle, it would have struck the earth with significantly greater force. Scientists report that Chelyabinsk was the largest meteor to hit the earth in the modern recording period, over 60-feet (20 meters) in diameter. Over 7,000 buildings were damaged and 1,500 people injured from the incident.
What is perhaps most haunting about the Chelyabinsk Meteor and, perhaps we may learn, this most recent Thule, Greenland incident, is that there was no warning (at least, not publicly). No satellites in orbit detected the Chelyabinsk Meteor, no early warning system knew it was coming according to scientists. Because the radiant or origin of the Chelyabinsk Meteor was out of the sun, it was difficult to detect in advance. It arrived with total surprise.
Northern Russia seems to be a magnet for titanic meteor strikes. The fabled Tunguska Event of 1908 was a meteor that struck in the Kraznoyarsk Krai region of Siberia. It flattened over 770 square miles of Siberian taiga forest but, curiously, seems to have left no crater, suggesting it likely disintegrated entirely about 6 miles above the earth. The massive damage done to the taiga forest was from the shockwave of the object entering the atmosphere prior to disintegration. While this recent Thule, Greenland event is very large at 2.1 kilotons (2,100 tons of TNT) of force for the explosion, the Tunguska Event is estimated to have been as large as 15 megatons (15 million tons of TNT).
It will be interesting to see how (and if) popular news media and the official defense news outlets process this recent Thule, Greenland incident. But while we wait to see how the media responds as the Twitter dust settles from the incident, it's worth at least a minor exhale knowing this is another big object that missed hitting the earth in a different location at a different angle and potentially with a different outcome.
The Maya built one of the greatest civilizations in the Americas, and the story of their demise has fascinated people for centuries. Now, a new study reports that environmental aspects — particularly, drought — were a key aspect of their decline.
Overview of the central plaza of the Mayan city of Palenque (Chiapas, Mexico), an example of Classic Maya architecture.
Image credits: Jan Harenburg.
The first mention of a true Maya civilization hails from millennia ago, in 2000 BC. They reached the peak of their power much later, during the Classic period, which lasted up until the year 900 CE. Most Mayan cities were sprawling architectural displays, featuring dazzling palaces, pyramid-temples, ceremonial ballcourts, and structures aligned for astronomical observation. The Mayans tended to develop haphazardly, showing little concern for what the future could bring — and who could blame them? During their zenith, they controlled the entire Yucatán Peninsula and all of the territory now incorporated into the modern countries of Guatemala and Belize, as well as the western reaches of Honduras and El Salvador.
But their lack of concern was not without consequence after all. During the 9th century, their power started to decline. Their beautiful limestone cities were abandoned and step by step, the Maya civilization withdrew and quickly entered decline. There are mentions of Mayans after the year 1000 CE, but their civilization was almost completely wiped off.
The reasons for their decline are not simple — invasion, war, environmental degradation, and collapsing trade routes all had a role to play. But in the 1990s, an interesting theory emerged: after correlating the Maya decline with environmental data, researchers found a period of extended drought — long and severe enough to affect the stability of the empire built by the Maya.
“The role of climate change in the collapse of Classic Maya civilisation is somewhat controversial, partly because previous records are limited to qualitative reconstructions, for example whether conditions were wetter or drier,” said Nick Evans, a PhD student in Cambridge’s Department of Earth Sciences and the paper’s first author.
“Our study represents a substantial advance as it provides statistically robust estimates of rainfall and humidity levels during the Maya downfall.”
Evans and colleagues analyzed the different isotopes of water trapped in gypsum — a mineral that can form on the bottom of lakes during periods of severe drought. They found that annual precipitation levels decreased between 41% and 54% during the period of the Maya civilization’s collapse, with periods of peak drought corresponding to a 70% reduction in rainfall.
Gypsum water
In periods of drought, more water tends to evaporate from lakes such as Chichancanab, where this study was carried out. Because the lighter isotopes of water evaporate faster, the remaining water molecules (which also contain other chemicals) become heavier. A higher proportion of heavier isotopes such as oxygen-18 and hydrogen-2 (deuterium), would, therefore, indicate drought conditions. Researchers have mapped the proportion of different isotopes contained within each layer of gypsum, essentially charting the levels of rainfall over the period of the Mayan collapse.
Professor David Hodell, Director of Cambridge’s Godwin Laboratory for Palaeoclimate Research and the senior author of the current paper, was the first to draw a correlation between the drought and the period of Mayan decline. He praised the gypsum-measuring methodology, saying that it leaves very little room for interpretation.
“This method is highly accurate and is almost like measuring the water itself,” said Evans.
While the circumstances that lead to the decline of the Maya are complex and drought cannot be singled out as the one big culprit yet, it does seem that at the very least, drought was an important aspect of it.
Now, researchers will try to use more localized measurements and build more precise models, to see how the drought would have affected agriculture — most importantly, the Maya’s staple crops, such as maize.
Journal Reference: Nicholas P. Evans, Thomas K. Bauska, Fernando Gázquez-Sánchez, Mark Brenner, Jason H. Curtis, David A. Hodell. Quantification of drought during the collapse of the classic Maya civilization. Science, 2018 DOI: 10.1126/science.aas9871
Scientists identify exoplanets where life could develop as it did on Earth
This artist's concept depicts a planetary system. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
Scientists have identified a group of planets outside our solar system where the same chemical conditions that may have led to life on Earth exist.
The researchers, from the University of Cambridge and the Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology (MRC LMB), found that the chances for life to develop on the surface of a rocky planet like Earth are connected to the type and strength of light given off by its host star.
Their study, published in the journal Science Advances, proposes that stars which give off sufficient ultraviolet (UV) light could kick-start life on their orbiting planets in the same way it likely developed on Earth, where the UV light powers a series of chemical reactions that produce the building blocks of life.
The researchers have identified a range of planets where the UV light from their host star is sufficient to allow these chemical reactions to take place, and that lie within the habitable range where liquid water can exist on the planet's surface.
"This work allows us to narrow down the best places to search for life," said Dr. Paul Rimmer, a postdoctoral researcher with a joint affiliation at Cambridge's Cavendish Laboratory and the MRC LMB, and the paper's first author. "It brings us just a little bit closer to addressing the question of whether we are alone in the universe."
The new paper is the result of an ongoing collaboration between the Cavendish Laboratory and the MRC LMB, bringing together organic chemistry and exoplanet research. It builds on the work of Professor John Sutherland, a co-author on the current paper, who studies the chemical origin of life on Earth.
In a paper published in 2015, Professor Sutherland's group at the MRC LMB proposed that cyanide, although a deadly poison, was in fact a key ingredient in the primordial soup from which all life on Earth originated.
In this hypothesis, carbon from meteorites that slammed into the young Earth interacted with nitrogen in the atmosphere to form hydrogen cyanide. The hydrogen cyanide rained to the surface, where it interacted with other elements in various ways, powered by the UV light from the sun. The chemicals produced from these interactions generated the building blocks of RNA, the close relative of DNA which most biologists believe was the first molecule of life to carry information.
In the laboratory, Sutherland's group recreated these chemical reactions under UV lamps, and generated the precursors to lipids, amino acids and nucleotides, all of which are essential components of living cells.
"I came across these earlier experiments, and as an astronomer, my first question is always what kind of light are you using, which as chemists they hadn't really thought about," said Rimmer. "I started out measuring the number of photons emitted by their lamps, and then realised that comparing this light to the light of different stars was a straightforward next step."
The two groups performed a series of laboratory experiments to measure how quickly the building blocks of life can be formed from hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen sulphite ions in water when exposed to UV light. They then performed the same experiment in the absence of light.
"There is chemistry that happens in the dark: it's slower than the chemistry that happens in the light, but it's there," said senior author Professor Didier Queloz, also from the Cavendish Laboratory. "We wanted to see how much light it would take for the light chemistry to win out over the dark chemistry."
The same experiment run in the dark with the hydrogen cyanide and the hydrogen sulphite resulted in an inert compound which could not be used to form the building blocks of life, while the experiment performed under the lights did result in the necessary building blocks.
The researchers then compared the light chemistry to the dark chemistry against the UV light of different stars. They plotted the amount of UV light available to planets in orbit around these stars to determine where the chemistry could be activated.
They found that stars around the same temperature as our sun emitted enough light for the building blocks of life to have formed on the surfaces of their planets. Cool stars, on the other hand, do not produce enough light for these building blocks to be formed, except if they have frequent powerful solar flares to jolt the chemistry forward step by step. Planets that both receive enough light to activate the chemistry and could have liquid water on their surfaces reside in what the researchers have called the abiogenesis zone.
Among the known exoplanets which reside in the abiogenesis zone are several planets detected by the Kepler telescope, including Kepler 452b, a planet that has been nicknamed Earth's 'cousin', although it is too far away to probe with current technology. Next-generation telescopes, such as NASA's TESS and James Webb Telescopes, will hopefully be able to identify and potentially characterise many more planets that lie within the abiogenesis zone.
Of course, it is also possible that if there is life on other planets, that it has or will develop in a totally different way than it did on Earth.
"I'm not sure how contingent life is, but given that we only have one example so far, it makes sense to look for places that are most like us," said Rimmer. "There's an important distinction between what is necessary and what is sufficient. The building blocks are necessary, but they may not be sufficient: it's possible you could mix them for billions of years and nothing happens. But you want to at least look at the places where the necessary things exist."
According to recent estimates, there are as many as 700 million trillion terrestrial planets in the observable universe. "Getting some idea of what fraction have been, or might be, primed for life fascinates me," said Sutherland. "Of course, being primed for life is not everything and we still don't know how likely the origin of life is, even given favourable circumstances—if it's really unlikely then we might be alone, but if not, we may have company."
People claim to be healed thanks to the “Bosnian pyramids” in Visoko
Among more than 3,000 volunteers from 62 countries who visited Visoko at their own expense in order to “dig the world’s largest mystery”, was Veronika Vranko from Slovakia. She had problems with her lungs that had only 47 % of capacity, and after the recommendation of specialists in lung diseases Peter Hajduk from Prague, she decided to visit Visoko.
She stayed several times in the tunnels of the Bosnian pyramids. Hajduk noted that her lungs are now working at 84 % capacity. She applied immediately and came to volunteer in Visoko on several occasions. Sevim Mujevia from Istanbul had a great issue with a high blood pressure that was 220/135 and there was no remedy for it. She heard about the Bosnian pyramids, went to visit and her pressure became normal – 140/90, as reported by “Dnevni list”.
“There is no doubt that the Bosnian pyramids and tunnels are demonstrating the remains of an unknown highly developed civilization. Staying in the tunnel causes strong positive effects on the emotional and physiological condition of the people. The level of energy activity shows that this is beneficial energy,” as concluded by the Russian Professor Konstantin Korotkov, the world’s leading experts on recording energy of the space and living beings. He spent several days in Visoko and explored the pyramids with the nuclear physicist from Russia Oleg Smirnov.
“This is a great discovery that can be measured with the discovery of tombs in Egypt or the pyramids of Maya’s and Aztec’s,” stated Professor Korotkov.
Many world’s experts, after a number of scientific research, declared Bosnian pyramids as the biggest healing resort in the world.
Studies that were previously conducted show that they are at least 25,000 years old and older than the Egyptian ones, which completely changes the history of civilization. Below them is still mysterious space and the lake with incredibly clear water that does not have any bacteria, algae, fungi, microorganisms, nor mud was discovered as well!
Healing powers in the tunnels of the Bosnian pyramids, how? Dr. Semir Osmanagic says that previous studies by domestic and foreign scientists showed a source of electromagnetic energy at a depth of 2,440 meters.
This summer, according to announcements, pyramids will be visited by tens of thousands of people from all over the world – some of them to see the world wonder and mystery, and others to heal.
Zijn de Bosnische piramides een plek voor genezing? Deze mensen herstelden spontaan na een bezoek
Er is geen twijfel over mogelijk dat de Bosnische piramides en tunnels overblijfselen zijn van een onbekende, hoogontwikkelde beschaving. Dat heeft de Russische professor Konstantin Korotkov gezegd.
De tunnels zorgen voor zeer krachtige en meetbare effecten op de emotionele en fysiologische gezondheid van mensen, aldus dr. Korotkov.
Samen met de Russische kerngeleerde Oleg Smirnov heeft hij onderzoek gedaan naar de Bosnische piramides.
Op zijn kop
“Dit is een enorme ontdekking die vergeleken kan worden met de ontdekking van tombes in Egypte of de piramides van de Maya’s en de Azteken,” merkte de professor op.
Diverese experts hebben op basis van wetenschappelijk onderzoek geconcludeerd dat de Bosnische piramides ’s werelds grootste plek voor genezing zijn.
Recent onderzoek heeft aangetoond dat ze tenminste 25.000 jaar oud zijn, ouder nog dan de Egyptische piramides. Dit zet de geschiedenis van onze beschaving op zijn kop.
Bron van elektromagnetische energie
Ze bevatten mysterieuze ruimtes en een ondergronds meer met zuiver water zonder bacteriën, algen, schimmels, micro-organismen of modder.
Er zijn in totaal vijf piramides ontdekt. De Zonnepiramide is met 220 meter ’s werelds hoogste piramide.
De helende energie in de tunnels van de Bosnische piramides is volgens wetenschappers afkomstig van een bron van elektromagnetische energie op een diepte van 2440 meter.
Genezen
Veel mensen beweren te zijn genezen als gevolg van deze energie.
Veronika Vranko uit Slowakije had een longaandoening waardoor ze nog maar over 47 procent van haar longcapaciteit beschikte.
Ze besloot op advies van specialisten de tunnels onder de Bosnische piramides te bezoeken. En het werkte: haar longcapaciteit bedraagt inmiddels 84 procent.
Sevim Mujevia uit Istanboel had last van hoge bloeddruk. Ze las over de Bosnische piramides en besloot ze te bezoeken. Haar bloeddruk is nu weer normaal.
It’s gotten to the point where it seems as if the Chinese Communist Party mines dystopian science fiction for ideas. Of course, life reflects art and art reflects life, so it’s likely both are just making use of new technological and social developments for their own benefit. Whatever the case is, ever since Mao Zedong announced the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, China’s governing party has found new innovative ways to keep track of its citizens and more importantly, their thought-crimes.
Aside from the Orwellian Social Credit System the commies recently unveiled, a new report published by the South China Morning Post points out that Chinese surveillance has already taken a turn for the terrifying. It turns out that as far-fetched as it may seem, Chinese military and government agencies are using robotic birds to surveil citizens from the skies. Can any bird be trusted in light of this revelation?
MOVE ALONG, CITIZEN.
Disguising spy drones as birds is pretty ingenious. Do any of us really look that closely at birds flying overhead? The drones can fly high enough that they look like any normal bird, are close to silent, and even realistically flap their wings. The SCMPreports that 30 different agencies have deployed the birdbots in at least five different Chinese provinces.
Yang Wenqing, an associate professor at the School of Aeronautics at Northwestern Polytechnical University in Xian, worked on the team which developed the dove drone project, code-named “Dove” appropriately enough. Yang says that while the drones are still only being rolled out on a small scale, the ChiComs plan to fill their skies with flocks of the dystopian avian onlookers in the near future:
The scale is still small. We believe the technology has good potential for large-scale use in the future … it has some unique advantages to meet the demand for drones in the military and civilian sectors.
The drones have already been used in China’s restive Xinjiang “autonomous” region to keep tabs on the Uyghur people who aren’t happy that the Chinese Communist Party drew their new borders around them without asking. Great job choosing a symbol of peace as a symbol of unwanted control too, CCP.
NOTHING TO SEE HERE, CITIZEN.
While it’s easy to dismiss this as another example of China’s ongoing march deeper into a dystopian sci-fi hellscape with Chinese characteristics™, it has to make you wonder next time you’re out and about: are those birds overhead really just birds? If China is filling their skies with robot spies, it’s only inevitable that other countries already are too. Who knows where else technological spies might be lurking? That creepy always-on home smart speaker you use to tell you the weather? The microphone and camera you carry around in your pocket everywhere you go? Your microwave? Inside your head?
If you want to keep a secret, you must also hide it from yourself. You must know all the while that it is there, but until it is needed you must never let it emerge into your consciousness in any shape that could be given a name.
Forget hats. Wrap your whole house in tin foil, throw out all your devices, and go off grid.
Moon size UFO recorded by NASA near Earths sun, July 31, 2018, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: July 31, 2018
Location of sighting: Earths sun, SOHO images
Here is a moon size UFO near our sun this week. The UFO has several long arms, which makes me think this is a space station that wanders our solar system. Currently its near our sun because its trying to use some rare particles that the sun produces to power its craft and devices. Found in the SOHO NASA images, this UFO is just one of many per day that visit our sun. Some UFOs are many times bigger than this, yet go unreported, because...how would the public react if they knew that not only were we not alone in our solar system, but UFOs bigger than earth itself commonly passed by our planet? The public would panic, suicide rates would skyrocket, alien religions like Scientology would become powerhouses in the religious sectors, anti alien groups would form and arm themselves. And what effect would this have on financial and judicial systems of the world? There would be chaos! Therefore the governments of the world remain silent.
Ancient Underground City and Pyramid Found near Tiwanaku
A group of archeologists from Bolivia has found an underground city dating back to pre-Inca times outside the ancient archaeological site of Tiwanaku, in the province of Ingavi, in the department of La Paz, as reported by the Bolivian Ministry of Cultures and Tourism.
“With new data obtained with the help of modern technology, consisting of precision cameras that took pictures from the air and infrared surveys, was found a pre-Hispanic citadel outside the archaeological perimeter. There, we found an underground plaza and up to two platforms of what is considered a pyramid,” wrote in a statement the Bolivian Ministry of Cultures and Tourism.
The wall of a hundred faces at Tiwanaku.
The discovery took place within the framework of the preservation and conservation works of Tiwanaku, carried out in the area with the cooperation of scientists from Japan and UNESCO.
According to experts, the excavation could take up to 50 years to reveal that what is hidden beneath the surface.
Min Culturas Bolivia@CulturasBolivia
Arqueólogos descubren ciudadela subterránea junto a centro ceremonial de Tiahuanaco
Arqueólogos descubren ciudadela subterránea junto a centro ceremonial de Tiahuanaco
El Ministerio de Culturas de Bolivia presentó una investigación que permitió conocer la superficie total del área cívico-ceremonial. Así se detectó una plaza y dos plataformas de lo que se considera...
“Excavation drilling will be carried out in the southwest and north, with the aim of confirming or delegitimizing the data obtained,” said Julio Condori, general director of the Center for Archaeological, Anthropological and Administration Research of Tiwanaku (Ciaat).
The ancient citadel of Tiwanaku, together with Puma Punku, are some of the most mysterious ancient sites in Bolivia. Home to stones and megaliths that defy logic, these two sites are a treasure trove for archeologists.
The Gateway of the Sun from the Tiwanaku civilization in Bolivia.
It is one of the main tourist destinations in Bolivia. Its main attractions are the Temples of Kalasasaya and Puma Punku, the Puerta del Sol, the Pyramid of Akapana and a series of other gigantic monoliths that were erected thousands of years ago by a mysterious people.
It is believed that its builder civilization arose on the shores of Lake Titicaca in the year 1,580 B.C., and disappeared by 1200 AD. In 1945, Arthur Posnansky estimated that Tiwanaku dated to 15,000 BC based on his archaeoastronomical techniques.
It is suspected that climatic effects and pests decimated the population.
According to the experts, one of the oldest cultures in South America, the ancestor of the Aymaras and the Quechuas, called the area their home.
If researchers confirm the new discovery, it would force us to rethink the idea that Tiwanaku was only a ceremonial center and consider it was a massive ancient metropolis, divided by several large complexes.
HOSTILE ENVIRONMENT The Parker Solar Probe, shown in this artist’s illustration, is about to go where no spacecraft has gone before: the sun. To make sure the probe can survive a dip in the solar atmosphere, engineers had to get creative in testing the technology.
APL, NASA GSFC
NASA has a mantra for preparing spacecraft to launch: “Test as you fly.” The idea is to test the entire spacecraft, fully assembled, in the same environment and configuration that it will see in orbit.
But the Parker Solar Probe, set to launch August 11, is no ordinary spacecraft (SN Online: 7/5/2018). And it’s headed to no ordinary environment. Parker will sweep through the sun’s scorching hot atmosphere for humankind’s first close encounter with the star at the center of the solar system.
“Solar Probe is a little bit special,” says space plasma physicist Stuart Bale of the University of California, Berkeley. Getting the whole kit and caboodle into a setting that simulated the sun’s energetic particles, intense light and searing heat “was deemed impossible.” Scientists had to get creative to test the technology that will touch the sun, using everything from huge mirrors to dust tunnels to reams of paper.
Taking the heat
The first order of business was to find materials that can stand the heat. The sun’s atmosphere, or corona, sizzles at millions of degrees Celsius — but it is so diffuse that it doesn’t pose much threat to the spacecraft (SN Online: 8/20/17). Direct sunlight, however, can heat exposed components to around 1370° Celsius. Two of the spacecraft’s scientific instruments, plus parts of its solar panels and its revolutionary heat shield, will be exposed to that searing sunlight at all times.
“Normal things … would melt,” says solar physicist Kelly Korreck of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in Cambridge, Mass.
Korreck works on the Solar Wind Electrons Alphas and Protons instrument, known by its acronym SWEAP, which will catch the charged particles of the solar wind with a sensor called a Faraday cup (SN Online: 8/18/17). “It actually sticks around the heat shield and will be able to touch the sun,” Korreck says. “That cup is special.”
FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE Tests of the probe’s revolutionary heat shield in a huge vacuum chamber at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center checked its ability to handle swings between hot and cold temperatures.
ED WHITMAN/JHU-APL, NASA
To build the cup and other instruments that will see the sun directly, engineers settled on three main materials — a niobium alloy called C103 that is used in rocket engines, an alloy of titanium, zirconium and molybdenum called TZM, and tungsten. Some cables carrying power to the SWEAP cup are also lined with sapphire, a good insulator at high temperatures. And the probe’s heat shield is made of two kinds of carbon-based materials.
Figuring out how each of these materials would behave in space was tricky. Engineers couldn't just use an oven to test the metals, which in heat can react with oxygen to rust or corrode. Carbon also can react with oxygen to combust. So the team had to test pieces of the instruments in airless vacuum chambers.
“Getting things hot on Earth is easier than you would think it is,” says Elizabeth Congdon of Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory in Laurel, Md., the lead engineer for the heat shield. “Getting things hot on Earth in vacuum is difficult.”
One way the Parker team mimicked the sun’s heat was using actual sunlight. Engineers took material samples to the world’s largest solar furnace, the PROMES facility in Odeillo, France. A series of 63 mirrors built on a hillside redirect sunlight onto an enormous concave mirror on the side of an eight-story building. That mirror then focuses the sunlight into a beam no more than 80 centimeters wide that heats materials to 3000° C inside a small vacuum chamber in a laboratory on stilts.
The beam is so hot, “you can take a two-by-four and swing it through the beam, and it burns right off,” Bale says. “Just a flash of smoke and it’s gone.” Bale leads another of the probe’s experiments called FIELDS that also needed heat testing. FIELDS is comprised of five long antennas, four of which will be exposed to the sun, that will measure electric and magnetic fields in the corona.
The SWEAP team needed an even more realistic simulator, one that would deliver intense sunlight at the angles that Parker will experience. They found an unlikely solution in IMAX film projectors, which emit light in a similar range of wavelengths to the sun.
“It took a completely custom test facility to do it,” says astrophysicist Anthony Case of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, who also works on the SWEAP instrument. He and his colleagues turned four IMAX projectors around so the lamps focused light into a small vacuum chamber, rather than spreading it across a huge screen. That gave the team the right light intensity and angles to test their instrument.
HOT HOT HOT The Parker Solar Probe team used the world’s largest solar furnace, fueled by sunlight reflected by this series of mirrors in the Pyrenees mountains in France, to test the materials used to build the probe.µ
Solar heat isn’t the only threat to the Parker Solar Probe. The region around the sun is also expected to be full of dust, left over from the formation of the planets. Scientists don’t know exactly how much dust to expect, but it’s likely to be moving almost as fast as the spacecraft, about 170 kilometers per second.
That’s a big worry for Parker’s twin telescopes, together called the Wide-field Imager for Solar Probe, or WISPR. One of the telescopes will be facing the direction that Parker is traveling, so it will be heading directly into the dust storm. “It can’t be protected,” says astrophysicist Russell Howard of the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C.
Dust particles hitting the telescope’s lens leave it pocked with little craters. Only 0.6 percent of the lens should be pitted by the end of Parker’s seven-year mission, according to computer models of dust in the inner solar system. But even a few pits can skew the data, so the team wanted to minimize the damage by choosing the right glass.
Howard and colleagues tested three possible materials for the lens in a dust acceleration tunnel at the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg, Germany. The tunnel accelerated charged iron particles, ranging from half a micrometer to 3 micrometers wide, to speeds between half a kilometer per second to 8 kilometers per second — fast enough for the scientists to extrapolate up to the dust speeds Parker might experience.
Sapphire withstood the barrage best, but it was unclear how it would behave as a lens. The team also rejected diamond-coated BK7 glass, commonly used for space telescopes, after the coating separated from the glass and left an extra ring around the impact spot. Regular, uncoated BK7 was the winner.
What's what
The Parker Solar Probe will use four sets of scientific instruments plus innovative self-protective measures to explore the environment near the sun. Take a tour of the spacecraft’s tech.
Tap or click to explore the tech.
H. THOMPSON, E. OTWELL, T. TIBBITTS
Swinging the temperatures
Most of the spacecraft won’t have to worry about the dust or the sun’s extreme heat. Aside from SWEAP and FIELDS, almost everything is tucked behind the all-important heat shield.
That 2.5-meter-wide heat shield is made of carbon foam sandwiched between two carbon sheets. The whole thing is just 11.5 centimeters thick, and is coated on the sun-facing side with white ceramic paint to reflect as much sunlight as possible. Even then, that side could get as hot as 1370° C. But behind it, the bulk of the spacecraft will chill at an average of just 30° C (about 85° Fahrenheit).
“We hide in the shadows,” says solar physicist Eric Christian of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. He’s the deputy principal investigator of the Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun experiment, which will measure solar particles across a wide range of energies. His team was able to build with ordinary materials and skip the rigorous heat testing. “We’re the lucky ones.”
PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER To make sure it was ready for flight, engineers tested the Parker Solar Probe, in a nearly fully assembled form, in a vacuum chamber at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center from January to March.
ED WHITMAN/JHU-APL, NASA
But Parker won’t always be near the sun. The spacecraft’s orbit will bring it as far from the sun as Venus, where temperatures are around –270° C. At that distance, the spacecraft that will touch the sun needs onboard heaters to keep it at 20° C. So Parker needed to be tested for cold and extreme temperature changes, too.
“We’re not just worried about hot cycles, we’re worried about hot then cold then hot then cold,” says Congdon.
In January 2018, the entire spacecraft was lowered into a thermal vacuum chamber at NASA Goddard for two months of testing. The chamber, a cylinder standing 12 meters tall and 8 meters wide, was cooled to –180° C. A radiator glowing at about 315° C represented the heat coming from the back of the heat shield — but most of that heat never reached the scientific instruments since a titanium truss holds the heat shield at a safe distance from the spacecraft’s main body. The team cycled through hot and cold several times to simulate what Parker will experience.
Another challenge was keeping the probe’s solar panels cool. “You think, obviously, you’re going to the sun, solar power makes the most sense,” Congdon says. “But solar panels don’t like to get hot.” So the panels are threaded with veins that carry water to cool them off. The water absorbs heat from the panels and carries it to radiators that release the heat into space.
The solar panels are also on a shoulder joint, so they can tuck behind the heat shield at Parker’s closest approaches to the sun. Only the last row of cells will see the sun then. “That single row of cells can produce the same amount of power as the full wing can when we’re by the Earth,” says solar physicist Nicola Fox of Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, the probe’s project scientist.
CHARGE ME UP Engineers used lasers to test the probe’s solar panels, which will provide energy to the craft as it orbits the sun. The test simulated the vigorous vibrations of a launch to make sure that each segment of the solar panels remained electrically connected to the spacecraft.
ED WHITMAN/JHU-APL, NASA
Up and away
Before Parker can peer into the sun’s secrets, though, it must survive the trip to space.
The violent shaking during a spacecraft’s launch make it a tense time for scientists, even if they’ve tested all of the parts in an acoustic vibration chamber. Watching SWEAP’s vibration test “made me swear,” Korreck says. “It’s very scary to watch this thing you’ve spent 10 years on flop around as it keeps shaking more and more.”
Her team faced an unusual challenge in making Parker ready to rattle. It could not glue screws in place to prevent them from shaking loose, because epoxies would melt in the sunlight. So the SWEAP team twisted thin niobium wire by hand to tie hundreds of screws together in such a way that, if one comes loose, the others hold it in.
Launch can be a high-pressure time for the spacecraft, too — literally. Engineers initially thought Parker’s launch aboard a powerful Delta IV Heavy rocket, would subject the heat shield to a force 20 times that of Earth’s gravity, although later the team realized the launch force wouldn’t be so severe. To make sure the 72.5-kilogram shield wouldn’t bend or break, the team stacked 1,360 kilograms of paper on top of it.
Once it’s passed the final test of launching and deploying, Parker’s first scientific data should start trickling back to Earth in December. These missives will let scientists take the first step to unlocking the secrets of the sun’s superheated atmosphere and its energetic winds.
“It’s like being a proud parent. I worry that something could happen, but I don’t worry that we didn’t prepare or test her well,” Fox says. “I just hope she writes home every day with beautiful data.”
SETI Researchers Want to End the Alien-Detection Hype
By Meghan Bartels, Space.com Senior Writer
New exoplanets, like those orbiting TRAPPIST-1, are being discovered with staggering frequency.
Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center
Researchers looking for signals from technologically advanced aliens pick up countless strange pings — but so far, nothing has convinced them that a message really came from aliens.
But that doesn't mean there aren't plenty of overblown media headlines about potential alien detections. So a team of researchers pursuing the search for extraterrestrial intelligence, or SETI, has decided to revive a scale meant to ground these detections in reality. They shared their scale, called Rio 2.0, in a new paper that takes aim at SETI researchers and the media for irresponsible coverage of potential detections.
"It's absolutely crucial that when we talk about something so hugely significant as the discovery of intelligent life beyond the Earth, we do it clearly and carefully," lead author Duncan Forgan, a SETI scientist at the University of St Andrews in the U.K., said in a statement from the SETI Institute. "Having Rio 2.0 allows us to rank a signal quickly in a way that the general public can easily understand, and helps us keep their trust in a world filled with fake news." [13 Ways to Hunt Intelligent Aliens]
The new study builds on a similar effort, called theRio Scale, which was developed in 2000 and was presented at the 51st International Astronautical Congress held in Rio de Janeiro the next year. But since the original scale was developed, SETI scientists have decided that the evaluation needed some updating, particularly given the breakneck pace of online media.
The new version of the scale creates the same output: a score ranging from 0 to 10 meant to convey the importance of a signal detection, with 0 representing a detection of no importance and 10 indicating one of extraordinary importance.
But the new research proposes tweaking the way that score is calculated to try to make it a better representation of the factors that determine a detection's true significance and to make the tool easier for scientists to use to evaluate their own signals and those of their colleagues. That initial score is then meant to be revised as additional data are gathered, the researchers explained.
The co-authors of the new research, who include some of the same people behind the 2001 scale, hope that reviving the scale will help the public and the media evaluate the importance of a signal — sort of like the alien equivalent of the Richter scale, co-author Jill Tarter, a SETI researcher based at the SETI Institute, said in the statement.
"The SETI community is attempting to create a scale that can accompany reports of any claims of the detection of extraterrestrial intelligence and be refined over time as more data become available," Tarter said. "This scale should convey both the significance and credibility of the claimed detection."
The research was described in a paper published July 24 in the International Journal of Astrobiology, and the researchers have set up an online calculatorto produce the scores.
So far, the scientists wrote, the majority of the detections they've run through the calculator have come back with a score of 0, which means it's still much too early to get excited about alien communications.
Today, scientists know that there are millions, perhaps billions of planets in the universe that could sustain life. So, in the long history of everything, why hasn't any of this life made it far enough into space to shake hands (or claws … or tentacles) with humans? It could be that the universe is just too big to traverse.
It could be that the aliens are deliberately ignoring us. It could even be that every growing civilization is irrevocably doomed to destroy itself (something to look forward to, fellow Earthlings).
Or, it could be something much, much weirder. Like what, you ask? Here are nine strange answers that scientists
Photo Credit: JPL-Caltech/SETI Institute/NASA
1. The aliens are hiding in underground oceans.
If humans hope to converse with ET, we'll need to have a few icebreakers handy. No, seriously — alien life is probably trapped in secret oceans buried deep inside frozen planets.
Subsurface oceans of liquid water slosh beneath multiple moons in our solar system and may be common throughout the Milky Way, astronomers say. NASA physicist Alan Stern thinks clandestine water worlds like these could provide a perfect stage for evolving life, even if inhospitable surface conditions plague those plants. "Impacts and solar flares, and nearby supernovae, and what orbit you're in, and whether you have a magnetosphere, and whether there's a poisonous atmosphere — none of those things matter" for life that's underground, Stern told Space.com.
That's great for the aliens, but it also means we'll never be able to detect them just by glancing at their planets with a telescope. Can we expect them to contact us? Heck, Stern said — these critters live so deep, we can't even expect them to know that there's a sky over their heads.
Photo Credit: JPL-Caltech/NASA
2. The aliens are imprisoned on "super-Earths."
No, "super-Earth" is not Captain Planet's dorky cousin. In astronomy, the term refers to a type of planet with a mass up to 10 times greater than Earth's. Star surveys have turned up oodles of these worlds that could have the right conditions for liquid water. This means alien life could conceivably be evolving on super-Earths all over the universe.
Unfortunately, we'll probably never meet these aliens. According to a study published in April, a planet with 10 times Earth's mass would also be subject to 2.4 times Earth's gravity — and overcoming that pull could make rocket launches and space travel near impossible.
"On more-massive planets, spaceflight would be exponentially more expensive," study author Michael Hippke, a researcher affiliated with the Sonneberg Observatory in Germany, previously told Live Science. "Instead, [those aliens] would be to some extent arrested on their home planet."
Photo Credit: Shutterstock
3. We're looking in the wrong places (because all aliens are robots).
Humans invented the radio around 1900, built the first computer in 1945 and are now in the business of mass-producing handheld devices capable of making billions of calculations per second. Full-blown artificial intelligence may be right around the corner, and futurist Seth Shostak said that's reason enough to reframe our search for intelligent aliens. Simply put, we should be looking for machines, not little green men.
"Any [alien] society that invents radio, so we can hear them, within a few centuries, they've invented their successors," Shostak said at the Dent:Space conference in San Francisco in 2016. "And I think that's important, because the successors are machines."
A truly advanced alien society may be completely populated by super-intelligent robots, Shostak said, and that should inform our search for aliens. Instead of focusing all our resources on finding other habitable planets, perhaps we should also look to places that would be more attractive to machines — say, places with lots of energy, like the centers of galaxies. "We're looking for analogues of ourselves," Shostak said, "but I don't know that that's the majority of the intelligence in the universe."
Photo Credit: NASA
4. We've already found aliens (but are too distracted to realize it).
Thanks to pop culture, the word "alien" probably makes you envision a spooky humanoid with a big, bald head. That's fine for Hollywood — but these preconceived images of E.T. could sabotage our search for alien life, a team of psychologists from Spain wrote earlier this year.
In a small study, the researchers asked 137 people to look at pictures of other planets and scan the images for signs of alien structures. Hidden among several of these images was a tiny man in a gorilla suit. As the participants hunted for what they imagined alien life to look like, only about 30 percent noticed the gorilla man.
In reality, aliens probably won't look anything like apes; they may not even be detectable by light and sound waves, the researchers wrote. So, what does this study show us? Basically, our own imagination and attention span limit our search for extraterrestrialsy. If we don't learn to broaden our frames of reference, we could miss the gorilla staring us in the face.
Photo Credit: Shutterstock
5. Humans will kill all the aliens (or already have).
The closer we get to finding aliens, the closer we get to destroying them. That's one likely eventuality, anyway, said theoretical physicist Alexander Berezin.
Here's his thinking: Any civilization capable of exploring beyond its own solar system must be on a path of unrestricted growth and expansion. And as we know on Earth, that expansion often comes at the expense of smaller, in-the-way organisms. Berezin said this me-first mentality probably wouldn't end when alien life is finally encountered — assuming we even notice it.
"What if the first life that reaches interstellar-travel capability necessarily eradicates all competition to fuel its own expansion?" Berezin wrote in a paper posted in March to the preprint journal arXiv.org. "I am not suggesting that a highly developed civilization would consciously wipe out other life-forms. Most likely, they simply won't notice, the same way a construction crew demolishes an anthill to build real estate because they lack incentive to protect it." (Whether humans are the ants or the bulldozers in this scenario remains to be seen.)
Photo Credit: Shutterstock
6. The aliens triggered climate change (and died).
When a population burns through resources faster than its planet can provide them, catastrophe looms. We know this well enough from the ongoing climate-change crisis here on Earth. So, isn't it possible that an advanced, energy-guzzling alien society might run into the same issues?
According to astrophysicist Adam Frank, it's not only possible but extremely likely. Earlier this year, Frank ran a series of mathematical models to simulate how a hypothetical alien civilization might rise and fall as it increasingly converted its planet's resources into energy. The bad news is that in three out of four scenarios, the society crumbled and most of the population died. Only when the society caught the problem early and immediately switched to sustainable energy did the civilization manage to survive. That means that, if aliens do exist, the odds are pretty high they'll destroy themselves before we ever meet them.
"Across cosmic space and time, you're going to have winners — who managed to see what was going on and figure out a path through it — and losers, who just couldn't get their act together, and their civilization fell by the wayside," Frank said. "The question is, which category do we want to be in?"
Photo Credit: Shutterstock
7. The aliens couldn't evolve fast enough (and died).
File another excuse under "the aliens are dead already" category. The universe may be teeming with hospitable planets, but there's no guarantee they'll stay that way long enough for life to evolve. According to a 2016 study from Australia National University, wet, rocky planets like Earth very unstable when they start their careers; if any alien life hopes to evolve and thrive on such a world, it has a very limited window (a few hundred million years) to get the ball rolling.
"Between the early heat pulses, freezing, volatile content variation and runaway [greenhouse gases], maintaining life on an initially wet, rocky planet in the habitable zone may be like trying to ride a wild bull — most life falls off," the study authors wrote. "Life may be rare in the universe not because it is difficult to get started, but because habitable environments are difficult to maintain during the first billion years.
Photo Credit: Shutterstock
8. Dark energy is splitting us apart
The universe is expanding. Slowly but surely, galaxies are moving farther apart, with distant stars appearing dimmer to us, all thanks to the pull of a mysterious, invisible substance that scientist call dark energy. Scientists speculate that within a few trillion years, dark energy will stretch the universe so much that Earthlings will no longer be able to see the light of any galaxies beyond our closest cosmic neighbors. That's a scary thought: If we don't explore as much of the universe as possible before then, such investigations may be lost to us forever.
"The stars become not only unobservable, but entirely inaccessible," Dan Hooper, an astrophysicist at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Illinois, wrote in a study earlier this year. That means we're on a serious deadline to find and meet any aliens out there — and to keep a step ahead of dark energy, we'll have to expand our civilization into as many galaxies as we can before they all drift away.
If you left your house today, you saw an alien. The woman delivering mail? Alien. Your next-door neighbor? Nosy alien. Your parents and siblings? Aliens, aliens, aliens.
At least, that's one implication of the fringe astrobiology theory called the "panspermia hypothesis." In a nutshell, the hypothesis says that much of the life we see on Earth today didn't originate here but was "seeded" here millions of years ago by meteors carrying bacteria from other worlds.
Proponents of this theory have variously suggested that octopi, tardigrades and humans were seeded here from other parts of the galaxy — but unfortunately, there's no real evidence to back up any of that. One big counterargument: If bacteria carrying human DNA evolved on another nearby planet, why haven't we found traces of humanity anywhere besides Earth? Even if this hypothesis turns out to be plausible, it still doesn't help us answer Fermi's nagging question … Where is everybody?
NASA moon landing SHOCK: Secret Apollo 11 tapes recovered after 49-years
NASA will celebrate the 49th anniversary of the Apollo 11 moon landing this month and to mark the occasion, hundreds of never-before-heard audio tapes have been dug out from the US space agency's vaults.
NASA made history on July 20, 1969, when it successfully landed two humans on the surface of the moon and returned them back home.
The entire world witnessed the moment astronaut Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon through their TV sets, holding their breaths as he uttered: “One small step for man.”
But researchers at the University of Texas, Dallas (UT Dallas), have now released hundreds of audio clips recorded during the eight-day and three-hour mission.
The tapes which until now have been under lock and key in special climate-controlled vaults reveal the candid conversations held between the Apollo 11 astronauts and Mission Control in Houston.
The Apollo 11 mission blasted off from Earth with astronauts Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins on July 16, 1969, before splashing back down in the Pacific Ocean on July 24.
During this monumental trek to the moon, hundreds of audio conversations were beaming back and forth between the astronauts and NASA over so-called communication loops.
Until now, the recordings of the behind-the-scenes stuff and discussions over technical systems were kept locked away.
But a collaborative effort between NASA and UT Dallas has painstakingly recovered and digitised more than 19,000 hours of audio which are now available to hear online.
Moon landing SHOCK: Secret Apollo 11 tapes have been revealed to the public
(Image: GETTY/NASA)
NASA astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were the first two men on the moon (Image: NASA)
Hidden among the audio recordings are gems such as Buzz Aldrin asking Mission Control to turn the Earth around for a better view.
He can be heard saying over the static: “Hey Houston, I thought you could turn the Earth a little bit so we can get a little bit more than just water?”
To which Mission Control replies: “Roger and I don’t think we have much control over that. Looks like you will have to settle for the water.”
Greg Wiseman, the project’s lead audio engineer for NASA Johnson’s Communications and Public Affairs Office, revealed the incredible effort to restore the tapes began in late 2013 before completion in early 2018.
The Flight of Apollo 11
The Story of Apollo 11 and the First Men on the Moon: the Moon Landing for Kids - FreeSchool
He said: “It was a such a daunting task, so many challenges, so many problems to solve.”
Houston, I thought you could turn the Earth a little bit
Buzz Aldrin, NASA astronaut
Mr Wiseman said the challenge was only made possible by the many people who cared about preserving the history of the moon landing and finding a way of sharing it with the public.
Each of the audio tapes uploaded online comes with a transcription of the various voices coming through on the intercoms.
One tape recorded around the lunar landing module’s fuel venting phase reads: “Roger, we read you five by five here.
“Yeah he has landed. Tranquility Base Eagle is at Tranquility, over.”
NASA kept track of the moon landing audio recordings
(Image: NASA)
Another audio clip from the moment of moon landing follows an exchange between Mr Collins and Jim Lovell, commander of the ill-fated Apollo 13 mission.
In the clip, Mr Lovell says: “This is Jim, Mike. Backup crew is still standing by. I just wanted to remind you that the most difficult part of your mission is going be after recovery.”
To which Mr Collins relies: “Well, we’re looking forward to all parts of it.”
The videographer, who asked to remain anonymous said: 'It's pure luck that the UFO came into the picture while I was zooming in on the edges.
'I was doing a closeup of the Moon. I typically like to zoom in on the craters and the edges of it.'
The video was shot in the U.S. city of Trenton in New Jersey and posted online.
The video was shot in the U.S. city of Trenton in New Jersey and posted on Youtube but skeptics were quick to justify the bizarre sighting caught on camera
Some posted the metallic object was merely falling ice from a plane, and others suggested a meteor or space debris
But skeptics were quick to justify the bizarre sighting capture on camera.
Some posted the metallic object was merely falling ice from a plane, and others suggested a meteor or space debris.
But the videographer said: 'I think it's the International Space Station (ISS),
The object whizzes across the face of the moon for five seconds and abruptly vanishes
'Based on what I see on Google search, it's the explanation that makes the most sense.'
Travelling at 17,227mph, and at an altitude of between 205 miles and 255 miles, the space station orbits earth 15.5 times a day.
The ISS experiences 16 sunrises and sunsets per day and appears as a slow-moving bright dot from the ground.
What have Egyptian Experts said about Bosnian Pyramids?
It’s almost 10 years since the first visit of a team of leading Egyptian experts to the Bosnian pyramids.
Prof. dr. Nabil Swelim, a triple doctor of archeological science and founder of four pyramids in Egypt, Dr. Ali Barakat, who worked in Egypt’s Public Administration for Underground Wealth, Prof. dr. Mona Aly, the head of the Conservationist Department of the Archeological Faculty of the University of Cairo, and Prof. dr. Hamed El Haweli, an Egyptologist from the University of Cairo, visited the first European pyramids in the summer of 2017.
After a week-long visit to all archeological locations in Visoko, their conclusion is unanimous: “The Bosnian Sun Pyramid is the largest pyramid in the world and the world will know Bosnia as a land of pyramids. The prime minister of the Federation, the prime minister of the Zenica-Doboj Canton and the mayors of Sarajevo and Visoko met with them. The Minister for Culture, who did everything he could to stifle the project of exploring the pyramids, and the members of the Commission for National Memorials, who three times expanded the protective zone around the Bosnian Sun Pyramid and, therefore, made further exploration by the Foundation “Archeological Park: Bosnian Sun Pyramid” impossible, refused to meet the team.”
The head of Egypt’s Supreme Council for Antiquities stopped the international promotion of the Bosnian pyramids. Geologist Ali Barakata was dismissed after his return from BiH and Dr. Swellim was threatened with the loss of his pension if he continued to support the project.
Despite the efforts of domestic and international archeologists and historians, the Bosnian pyramids became the most active archeological location in the world at which each year, several hundred volunteers from across the world work, which many world renown experts visits and tens of thousands of guests from all continents come to visit.
UFOs: I KNOW WHAT I SAW - 2017 Best UFO HD Movie UFOTV®
UFOTV® Accept no Imitations! (Please vote thumbs up!) What people say about I KNOW WHAT I SAW - "Compelling" - Steven Spielberg, "The Real Close Encounters - Larry King, CNN. "The most compelling film on the subject to date." - Edgar Mitchell, Apollo 14 Astronaut. Government and Military Officials reveal the truth about UFOs
The most credible UFO witnesses from around the world tell stories that challenge reality in I KNOW WHAT I SAW, a documentary guaranteed to change the way we see the universe. Director James Fox brings together the testimony of Air Force generals, astronauts, military and commercial pilots, government and FAA officials from seven countries; their accounts reveal the reasons those involved at the highest levels have chosen government secrecy over public disclosure in I KNOW WHAT I SAW here on UFOTV®.
Egyptologen erkennen het bestaan van de Bosnische piramides. Kijk hoe ze vervolgens worden aangepakt door het establishment
De Bosnische piramides worden inmiddels al zo’n 10 jaar bezocht door egyptologen. Afgelopen zomer reisden professor Nabil Swelim, geoloog Ali Barakat, professor Mona Aly van de Universiteit van Caïro en professor Hamed El Haweli van de Universiteit van Caïro af naar de Europese piramides.
Een week lang bezochten ze alle locaties in Visoko en hun conclusie luidt als volgt:
“De Bosnische Zonnepiramide is de grootste piramide ter wereld en de wereld zal Bosnië leren kennen als het land van de piramides.”
Dwarsbomen
De minister van Cultuur doet er ondertussen alles aan om het onderzoek naar de piramides te dwarsbomen, schrijft de krant Sarajevo Times.
Zo is de beschermde zone rond de Zonnepiramide uitgebreid, waardoor verder onderzoek onmogelijk is geworden.
De minister weigerde met het team te spreken.
Ontslagen
Ook de Egyptische Hoge Raad voor Oudheden belemmert het onderzoek, aldus de krant.
Dr. Barakat werd na het bezoek ontslagen en dr. Swellim kreeg te horen dat hij zijn pensioen vaarwel kon zeggen als hij het project zou blijven steunen.
De piramides zijn inmiddels bezocht door vele gerenommeerde experts. Ieder jaar trekken ze tienduizenden bezoekers van over de hele wereld en melden zich honderden vrijwilligers aan die willen meehelpen bij opgravingen.
WAAROM WORDT ER INEENS WATER ONTDEKT OP MARS? ( VIDEO )
Enkele dagen geleden stonden er uitgebreide verhalen in de media over dat wetenschappers ontdekt hebben dat er zich water bevindt op de planeet Mars.
Aangezien water ongeveer synoniem is aan leven, is hiermee alweer een stap gezet naar de volledige bekendmaking van buitenaards leven.
Er lijkt de laatste tijd een soort versnelde programmering van de bevolking plaats te vinden, waarbij ze op allerlei mogelijke manieren vertrouwd worden gemaakt met het concept "leven buiten onze planeet".
Ook worden er met de regelmaat van de klok nu plots nieuwe planeten ontdekt waar leven mogelijk zou kunnen zijn en als klap op de vuurpijl wordt ineens bekendgemaakt dat er daadwerkelijk water is gevonden op Mars.
Of liever gezegd: ónder Mars. Rivieren of watervallen zijn er namelijk niet aan het Marsoppervlak, en een verstild bergmeer of een ruige oceaan zoek je er ook tevergeefs. Het Marswater dat is ontdekt bevindt zich onder het oppervlak. Om precies te zijn: op 1,5 kilometer onder de zuidelijke poolkap van de planeet. Daar ligt een ijzingwekkend koud en aardedonker meer met een lengte van pakweg 20 kilometer.
Op aarde is ‘water’ zo’n beetje synoniem aan ‘leven’. De vondst van het ondergrondse meer zal dan ook ongetwijfeld leiden tot nieuwe speculaties over micro-organismen op Mars. Oké, die zijn nog steeds niet gevonden, maar de ontdekking van een grote, stabiele watermassa vormt in elk geval een belangrijk stukje in de legpuzzel van de speurtocht naar leven op de rode planeet. Mars leek een paar miljard jaar geleden veel meer op de aarde dan nu, met zeeën en oceanen aan het oppervlak – wie weet is er in dat verre geologische verleden ooit leven ontstaan.
Nadat door de jaren heen alle bewijs van leven op Mars dat is opgedoken systematisch door NASA is genegeerd, wordt nu ineens deze schokkende ontdekking "zomaar" bekendgemaakt.
Ongeveer een maand geleden schreven wij een artikel met de titel: “Wordt binnenkort leven op Mars bekendgemaakt?” en dat lijkt nu aardig profetisch in het licht van de zeer recente “ontdekking” van water.
In dat artikel stond onder andere het volgende:
Er zijn door de jaren heen zo ontzettend veel aanwijzingen geweest die allen aantonen dat er absoluut leven is geweest op Mars en nooit is daar door bijvoorbeeld NASA op gereageerd. Alleen al op deze website is zo langzamerhand een halve bibliotheek opgenomen over vondsten en bewijzen van leven op Mars.
Nu hebben we Trump die met zijn SpaceForce een volgende fase inluidt. Een fase die verband houdt met het witwassen van de geheime ruimtevloot en wie weet het toch uiteindelijk wel bekennen dat er al heel lang leven is geweest op Mars.
In dat kader is het ook interessant dat er nu vanuit NASA de eerste stappen worden gezet en men enkele weken geleden trots aankondigde dat er organisch leven was aangetroffen op Mars.
Dat al dit soort dingen nu gebeuren is geen toeval. Het hoort allemaal bij de programmering van de bevolking richting de New World Order, de centrale regering van deze planeet.
Om dat te kunnen bewerkstelligen moet de wereldbevolking klaargestoomd worden om dit concept te willen accepteren. Onderdeel van dat acceptatieproces is het creëren van vijanden buiten onze planeet.
Bijkomend voordeel van een buitenaardse vijand is dat er wederom vele miljarden dollars belastinggeld gebruikt kunnen worden om het altijd hongerige militair-industrieel complex te voeden.
Tegelijkertijd kan er worden begonnen met het witwassen van de geheime ruimtevloot, waardoor het zal lijken dat de mensheid opeens geweldige technologische sprongen vooruit gaat maken.
En of deze nieuwe vijand bekend zal worden via het beruchte Project Bluebeam of op een andere manier is op dit moment nog niet duidelijk. Wel is heel duidelijk dat er nu snel stappen worden gezet om de mensheid vertrouwd te maken met het concept buitenaards leven. Een concept dat al veel langer bestaat dan de mensheid op deze aarde.
Nog steeds worden er iedere dag opnieuw ontdekkingen gedaan door amateurspeurders op beelden die zijn vrijgegeven door NASA. En al poetsen ze nog zo snel, de waarheid achterhaalt hen wel, want ze slagen er nooit in om alle sporen helemaal uit te wissen.
The mystery of who brought at least some of the stones to Stonehenge may have been resolved by researchers who have unlocked another mystery … who is buried at Stonehenge? It turns out some of them weren’t from the immediate area – they were from …
Not so fast. Let’s look first at the fine forensic footwork done by researchers from Vrije Universiteit Brussel in Belgium, the University of Oxford and other universities. They were taking yet another look at the cremains (cremation remains) buried at Stonehenge about 5,000 years ago and first discovered in the 1920s in what are now known as the Aubrey holes. The cremains found there covered with a bluestone were later reburied in one Aubrey hole and eventually re-excavated in 2008. Those cremains contained 25 bone fragments from skulls that were radiocarbon-dated to at least 3180 BCE, centuries before the first stones were erected. Who did they belong to?
Enter Christophe Snoeck, co-author of the study published in Nature Scientific Reports, and budding forensic analyst. He knew that strontium isotopes in bones can reveal where a person lived, but it has long been believed that cremation destroys these isotopes. Hoping to prove otherwise, Snoeck obtained a pig’s foot and shoulder from a local butcher and built a barbecue hog funeral pyre in a college backyard. While the heat, which reached 1000 C (1832 F), destroyed the parts that normally supplied isotopes (like tooth enamel), it crystallized the bone and sealed some usable isotopes inside.
“As a chemical engineer in love with archaeology, this looked like the perfect challenge. Cremation indeed destroys all organic matter including DNA, but the inorganic matter survives. Clearly when it comes to light chemical elements such as carbon and oxygen these are heavily altered, but for heavier elements such as strontium – about seven times heavier than carbon – no alteration was observed. On the contrary, thanks to the high temperatures reached, the structure of the bone is modified, making the bone resistant to post-mortem exchanges with the burial soil.”
Brilliant! The Guardianreports that Snoeck and his team were then allowed to test the cremains and determined that at least ten of the people they belonged to came from … drum roll please … west Wales and surrounding areas over 100 miles away. If you’re into connecting dots, west Wales is the location of the Preseli Hills where Stonehenge’s bluestones were quarried. Could these be the people who dragged them to Wiltshire?
“Finally, the results suggest that at least some ‘non-local’ individuals were cremated away from Stonehenge, and that their cremated remains were brought to the site for burial, perhaps in conjunction with the raising of the bluestones.”
Study co-author Dr. Rick Schulting thinks these were not the stone haulers but very important people brought to Stonehenge for burial.
“Being buried at Stonehenge is the ancient equivalent of being interred in Westminster Cathedral today.”
The researchers are hoping to now conduct similar strontium isotope tests on other Stonehenge cremains. In the meantime, let’s not forget to honor the pigs who provided the bones that made this discovery possible.
My recent article on Mothman and a controversial story that appeared in a 2014 edition of Soldier of Fortune prompted a few comments here at Mysterious Universe. It also prompted one person to message me at Facebook, asking how I felt this impacts on the story of the ultimate “Grinning Man,”Indrid Cold, who – while not directly connected to the Mothman saga – has certainly become a part of the overall puzzle. Well, the fact is that it doesn’t – at least not directly. But, with the matter of Cold having been brought up, I thought I would share with you the strange story of the man himself (if, indeed, he was a man), and from someone who has lived in the area all her life. Last year, paranormal investigator Susan Sheppard very generously prepared for me an extensive paper on Mothman, Indrid Cold, and much more. So, with that all said, I will now hand you over to Susan, to tell the controversial-but fascinating tale of Indrid Cold:
His name was Woodrow Derenberger, but everyone called him “Woody.” It was shortly after 6 p.m. in the evening, when Woody Derenberger was driving home from his job as a sewing machine salesman at J.C. Penny’s in Marietta, Ohio to his farmhouse in Mineral Wells, West Virginia. The ride home was overcast and dreary. It was misting a light rain.
As Derenberger came up on the Intersection of I-77 and Route 47, he thought that a tractor trailer truck was tailgating him without its lights on, which was unnerving, so he swerved to the side of the road and much to his surprise, the truck appeared to take flight and seemed to roll across his panel truck. To his astonishment, what Derenberger thought was a truck was a charcoal colored UFO without any lights on. It touched down and then hovered about 10 inches above the berm of the road. Much to Derenberger’s surprise a hatch opened and a man stepped out looking like “any ordinary man you would see on the street – there was nothing unusual about his appearance.”
Except the man was dressed in dark clothing and had a “beaming smile.” As the man proceeded to walk toward Derenberger’s panel truck the “craft” jetted up to about 40 feet in the air where it floated above the highway. What happened next was unsettling, because as the darkly-dressed man came up toward the vehicle Woody Derenberger heard the words, “Do not be afraid, I mean you no harm, I only want to ask you a few questions.” Derenberger did become afraid because as the man spoke to Woodrow his lips did not move. The man then moved to the opposite of the truck and told Derenberger to roll down his window so they could talk better, which he did. Next what formed in Derenberger’s mind were the words, “Now you can speak, or you can think… it makes no difference, I can understand you either way,” … this is what the dark man said.
Later, when Derenberger was questioned on local live television, he was scrutinized over what seemed a contradiction because if the dark man communicated through a type of mental telepathy, why would Derenberger need to roll down his window to talk? Wouldn’t it be easier just to talk mentally?
Woodrow Derenberger explained it was because Indrid Cold wanted to look directly at him as they spoke and he felt that, really, Cold wasn’t so interested in what was said but more interested in keeping up a communication with him. To Derenberger, that seemed the entire point of it all. Derenberger also noted that when Cold stared into his eyes, it was as if he knew everything about Woodrow Derenberger, and also, if he could only let go of his fear and do the same, he felt he would also know and understand all about Cold. In any event, Cold spoke through the passenger side window the entire time.
The physical description of Cold was commonplace. Derenberger described him as about 35 years of age, having a trim build, was about six feet tall, 185 pounds with dark eyes and dark hair slicked straight back. Cold wore a long dark coat and beneath the coat Woodrow Derenberger was able to glimpse the fabric of his “uniform” that glistened beneath the coat. He also described Cold as having a “tanned complexion.” Throughout the conversation Cold kept a frozen smile and curiously hid his hands beneath his armpits most of the time.
Cold did, however, point at the city lights above the distant hills of Parkersburg and asked Mr. Derenberger, “What do you call that over there?” Derenberger said, “Why, that’s Parkersburg and we call that a city.” Cold responded, “Where I come from we call it a gathering.” Cold later added the curious statement that “I come from a place less powerful than yours.” As the men talked cars passed under the craft which drifted above the road. The occupants were seemingly unaware of the spaceship being there. After all, there were no lights that could be seen. Cold then asked about Parkersburg, “Do people live there or do they work there?”
Parkersburg
Woody Derenberger answered, “Why, yes, people live and work there.” Cold interjected “Do you work, Mr. Derenberger?” (Woodrow told Cold his name as the conversation began)
Derenberger answered, “I am a salesman. That’s what I do. Do you have a job?” Cold answered, “Yes. I am a searcher.”
After that the conversation became mundane. Cold seemed to notice Woodrow Derenberger was scared and commented on it. Mr. Derenberger claimed Cold asked him, “Why are you so frightened? Do not be afraid. We mean you no harm. You will see that we eat and bleed the same as you do,” and then added an emotive note, “We only wish you happiness” which Cold said to the frightened man more than once.
While Mr. Derenberger was being interviewed on live television on WTAP-TV, he attributed this puzzling statement to Indrid Cold, “At the proper time, the authorities will be notified about our meeting and this will be confirmed.” The entire conversation took between five and ten minutes and then Indrid Cold looked inside Woody’s car with his ever-present smile, and said, “Mr. Derenberger, I thank you for talking to me. We will see you again.”
He ended the conversation with “We will see you again” and as soon as he did the spaceship immediately came back down, floated about 10 inches off the road. A hatch opened and a human arm extended pulling Cold up into the craft. The ship then jetted up into the air about seventy-five feet, made a fluttering noise and then shot away at a very high rate of speed. For a few moments, Woodrow Derenberger sat stunned. Finally, he started up his car and drove to his farmhouse in Mineral Wells where his wife met him at the door. By now it was shortly before 7:00 o’clock.
Mrs. Derenberger met her husband at the door. She later said that Woodrow “could not have been any whiter if he had been lying in a coffin.” The stories vary but from Mr. Derenberger’s account his wife is the one who called the West Virginia State police, or at least she dialed the phone. Woodrow Derenberger gave them a brief report of what he claimed to have happened. It is interesting to note that in the initial report, Derenberger called the alien “Cold,” but did not mention “Indrid” until later.
The next day Derenberger attempted to go back to work but was sidetracked when he agreed to a live television interview about his experience on the previous night with a UFO with WTAP-TV the NBC affiliate in Parkersburg, housed in a small building not much bigger than a garage. The interview took place shortly before noon where Woodrow Derenberger was grilled by veteran reporter Glenn Wilson and city Police Chief Ed Plum, as well as other local law enforcement, including the head of the Wood County Airport. Representatives from Wright Patterson were in route to interview Derenberger but whether that came about is not known.
The interview went on for about two and a half hours. The live part of the broadcast was under an hour long and then the television cameras were turned off, and the interview continued off the air for another hour or so. During that time, Derenberger drew a picture of the spacecraft which he described in his thick West Virginia accent as a charcoal grey, with no lights and looking like an “old-fashioned chimney lamp.” (You may want to google this because I am not clear what he intended. I found some interesting images when I did…Parts of the lamps may look like UFOs.)
Probably one of the most curious statements Woodrow Derenberger made about his meeting with Cold was, “And then Cold said to me, we will see you again…” then his voice trails off. Police Chief Ed Plum asked, “Do you really believe you will see him again?” Derenberger then answered, “I think so…I believe I will…I don’t know… because that’s what I am afraid of.”
After that interview, Derenberger’s life transformed drastically and not for the better. He changed jobs, developed marital problems, clung to his church for a while, and then came the strange visits from men dressed in black clothing whom Derenberger suspected to be some kind of hidden government group of spies or maybe even the Mafia. He wasn’t sure, they just spooked him. They would arrive his house, ask Derenberger simple questions, (some had to do with his UFO experience) and then the Men in Black acted in a threatening manner.
But nothing was as incredible as the return of Indrid Cold. At least, this is what Woodrow Derenberger claimed. He said that Cold visited him many times at his farmhouse in Mineral Wells. At one point, Derenberger came up missing for almost six months and said he was “with the aliens.” The local population finally became skeptical. The sewing machine salesman’s tale grew more and more far-fetched. Derenberger even claimed to have been impregnated by the aliens. In 1967, Woodrow Derenberger stated to have visited Indrid Cold’s home planet of Lanulos where its residents walked around wearing no clothing. He said the aliens lived in a galaxy called Ganymede where everything was peaceful and there was no war. People began to snicker.
Still, there were odd flashing lights in the sky almost nightly and the curiosity seekers stalked not only Derenberger’s modest farmhouse, but an area called Bogle Ridge, not far from Mineral Wells where the aliens were claimed to land. The ridicule became too much. Derenberger, with his family, moved from the area and stayed away for decades. He returned to Wood County in the 1980s and died in 1990. Woodrow Derenberger was finally laid to rest at Mount Zion Cemetery in Mineral Wells, West Virginia.
John Keel was not a believer in Woodrow Derenberger’s UFO story, so it’s mysterious why he would make it such a big part of The Mothman Prophecies book. In The Mothman Propheciesmovie the character Gordon Smallwood is based upon Woodrow }, but the Wood County man most often appeared in a suit and not overalls. A few elements to his story make it believable that, initially, something of an extraordinary nature, happened to him. First of all, his account predates the Mothman sightings by 12 days. Derenberger would have had to have been a prophet to know what was about to happen next, making his story even more extraordinary. His family explains that they believe something of an otherworldly nature initially happened but he added to the tale to sell books when he self-published a book called Visitors from Lanulos in 1971.
Satellite Photo Shows A Round Object Beneath Water Off Greek Coast
Ufologists online have come into a frenzy after the discovery of a mysterious circular shape on satellite maps of Google. They are speculating that it could be a hidden submersible off the coast of Greece.
Website Disclose.TV, which posts information about aliens and UFOs, got the people’s attention after it published the circular object online. The unidentified submersible object was reportedly viewed online through Google Maps in the Aegean Sea.
The object is approximately 220 feet long using the ruler on Google Earth for the measurement. It is not established whether the UFO has ever been seen for real or just the image as a result of an optical illusion, such as a trick of the light.
Several folks offer their suggestion as to what the satellite imagery is showing. Many of them believe that the mysterious thing is newly-found evidence that we are not alone.
One commentator says that something here doesn’t belong. They describe the find as an impressive catch and would love to hear the official excuses on this one.
A second person states that it is indeed weird as nothing in the area looks remotely like that object.
A more skeptical commenter said that the shadow underwater could be from the old pier.
However, for now, the actual cause of the bizarre shape stays a mystery. Anyone can view the location on Google Maps here.
Dramatic footage shows a UFO appearing to speed in front of the Moon before vanishing.
A clip taken in Trenton, New Jersey, shows a close-up of the Moon before something resembling a metallic craft enters the frame, briefly passing across the face of the moon.
The mystery object was captured on camera by "pure luck".
The person who filmed it - who asked to remain anonymous - said they were fascinated by the Moon and happened to be filming when it happened.
“It's just something I'm interested in,” they said. “We live on a giant rock ball that is being orbited by another giant rock ball that is just floating there.
The metallic object appears suddenly close to the moon in the clip
The ISS completes roughly 15.55 orbits of Earth a day, travelling at an average speed of 17,227mph, and at an altitude of between 205 miles and 255 miles.
It experiences 16 sunrises and sunsets per day, meaning astronauts cover windows during sleep hours in order to give the impression of darkness.
From the ground, it’s typically seen as a slow-moving, bright white dot, taking roughly 10 minutes to pass from one horizon to another.
The video was shot with a Nikon Coolpix P900 camera, using its 83x optical zoom.
Popular conspiracy theory channel 'MrMBB333' has uploaded the video which shows a strange object travelling behind Jupiter. The conspiracy theorist who runs the channel reveals that the footage was captured from Houston by an amateur UFO researcher named Debra.
After analyzing the video, the conspiracy theorist strongly assures that the object spotted is not a bird, and he also ruled out the possibility of this object being an aircraft flying down the skies. The conspiracy theorist speculated that the weird object might be something similar to Oumuamua, the interstellar asteroid which visited our solar system a few months back.
"It is not a bird. It is not an aeroplane. It looks like this object is travelling through the solar system, and it goes behind Jupiter. Definitely not a bird or anything like that. Some sort of long light went behind Jupiter. The object is moving at a high rate of speed. Maybe an asteroid of some sort, I don't have any idea," said the narrator of the video.
The video soon went viral, and most of the audiences who watched the clip argued that the bizarre object spotted might be an alien mothership travelling across the solar system.
A YouTube user named Panda Nuke strongly assured that the object is not an asteroid, and he made it clear that if it was an asteroid, Jupiter's gravity would have likely brought it in.
"It's obviously an alien spacecraft. If it was an asteroid it would have likely got pulled in by Jupiter's gravity," commented Panda Nuke.
"If that was an asteroid it was the size of earth!," commented BMW Peach, a YouTube user.
"First!!! Amazing that it went behind the planet, can you imagine the size that thing would have to have been. I was thinking it looked cigar shaped too," commented Tiger Lily, another YouTuber.
Underground Lake Discovered On Mars Beneath A Mile of Ice: Here Are More Details
IN BRIEF
The Facts:
Scientists have been publishing papers, this latest one out of Italy, showing how there is liquid water on Mars, as well as the fact that Mars used to be a very Earth-like planet that might have harboured intelligent life.
Reflect On:
Why does any reputable renowned scientist who comes forward with evidence get vilified by the mainstream? Why are these questions and evidence regarding extraterrestrial life not answered? Why does science and evidence that defy belief get ignored?
We are going to Mars, our journey to Mars is a science led expedition right now, but soon I hope we’ll be sending humans to the red planet to explore and science will lead the way. And today’s announcement of a really fascinating result about current water on Mars is one of the reasons why I feel it’s even more imperative that we send astrobiologists and plantary scientists to Mars to explore the question of, “is there current life on Mars?” – John Grunsfeld, five time space flown astronaut, Associate Administrator, Head of NASA Science Mission Directive (source)
History is written by the victors, and today, information that makes its way into the mainstream is carefully considered before being “put out” there. We are currently seeing this happen with UFO disclosure and other topics that don’t really fit within the framework of accepted knowledge. We see it everywhere in all subjects, especially in science, where the human race tends to hold on to what it thinks it knows while ridiculing a new discovery, only until it takes its place as fact within the mainstream. Quantum physics is a great example that’s definitely challenging the accepted framework of knowledge and academia, especially with its connection to consciousness and non-material science overall, in general.
You can read more about the recent events surrounding UFO disclosure below:
The same goes for planetary sciences, although we think we know a lot about our world and other planets, there is still so much to discover, and still a lot of information that’s changing every single year which forces us to go back and re-write our textbooks, or at least should.
A great example is Mars, and science is now showing that Mars wasn’t always and isn’t the dry, red, arid planet we’ve all been told it is, this theory was amplified recently by a team of Italian scientists, who are telling the world that they have strong evidence of a subsurface lake of liquid water on Mars.
The more we observe Mars, the more information we’re getting that it really is a fascinating planet, from the Curiosity Rover we now know that Mars once was like a planet very much life Earth, with long salty seas, with fresh water lakes, probably with snow-capped peaks and clouds and a water cycle just like we’re studying here on Earth…Something has happened to Mars, it lost its waster– Grunsfeld
Right now, within mainstream planetary science, the debate and speculation of whether there was once life on Mars are huge, and this has sparked the debate once again since, from our level of understanding, we believe that liquid water is an essential ingredient for life. The evidence cited by the Italian study came from an instrument called MARSIS, which sits aboard the European Space Agency’s (ESA) Mars Express spacecraft in orbit around the Red Planet. MARSIS is a special kind of radar called ground-penetrating radar.
Ground-penetrating radar use radio signals that are capable of penetrating into the ground and then get reflections from the material under the surface,” Says Roberto Orosei, principal investigator on MARSIS and a planetary scientist at the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics, told NPR.
Many old, as well as several recently published results, have presented very strong evidence yet that there used to be much more water on Mars. In fact, in 2015, NASA held a press conference to announce the major discovery that the planet Mars experienced a massive climate shift in the past, that it actually used to be very Earth-like, covered in oceans and greenery. You can view that entire conference here.
Mars is not the dry, arid planet that we thought of in the past…(and) liquid water has been found on Mars – James Green, NASA director of planetary sciences.
At this conference, scientists also stated that “the possibility of life in the interior of Mars has always been very high. There’s certainly water somewhere in the crust of Mars…It’s very likely, I think, that there is life somewhere in the crust of Mars.”
What Caused The Massive Climate Shift?
What Happened On Mars?
Mars is the planet most like Earth…(and in the past,) Mars was a very different planet, it had an extensive atmosphere, and in fact, it had what we believe was a huge ocean, perhaps as large as two thirds the Northern Hemisphere. And that ocean may have been as much as a mile deep. So Mars indeed three billion years ago had extensive water resources. But something happened. Mars suffered a major climate change and lost its surface water. – James Green, NASA director of planetary sciences. (source)
One of the studies liked above, attempts to chart where Mars lost the most water, which was done by “tracking the water molecule (H2O), and it’s deuterated equivalent HDO.”
Deuterium is ‘heavy hydrogen’, an isotope of our lightest element with an extra neutron in its centre. It exists in our own ocean, where about 0.0156 % of the hydrogen atoms in water are actually their heavier counterpart. The ratio between the amount of hydrogen and deuterium on Earth gives a baseline to compare rations on other terrestrial planets….Using the appropriately na,es Very Large Telescope (VLT) and the Keck telescope, the researchers charted the abundance of H20 and HDO over the Mars surface. This then enabled them to map out the deuterium/hydrogen (D/H) ration mapped across the how of Mars.
This is great, but neither study knows exactly what happened on Mars to cause such a dramatic climate shift, what would cause an Earth-like planet to become what Mars has come today. Researchers hypothesize that it could have been a massive climatic shift, but there is no evidence to support that theory.
One physicist has come forth with some actual evidence to support his theory, and that’s Dr. John Brandenburg. He’s well-known for working on space plasma technologies, nuclear fusion and advanced space propulsion. He invented the Microwave Electro-Thermal plasma thruster that uses water propellant for space propulsion. Brandenburg was also the Deputy Manager of the Clementine Mission to the Moon, which was part of a joint space project between the Ballistic Missile Defence Organization (BMDO) and NASA. The mission discovered water at the Moon’s poles in 1994. (Source: page 16 of 18)(source)(source)
According to Brandenburg, and his team of scientists/colleagues who have also published multiple papers with and alongside him concerning the subject,
Analysis of recent Mars isotopic, gamma ray, and imaging data supports the hypothesis that perhaps two immense thermonuclear explosions occurred on Mars in the distant past and these explosions were targeted on sites of previously reported artifacts. Analysis rules out large unstable ‘natural nuclear reactors”, instead, data is consistent with mixed fusion-fission explosions. Imagery at the radioactive centres of the explosions shows no craters, consistent with ‘airbursts.’ Explosions appear correlated as the site of an ancient planetary nuclear massacre, must now be considered.
Brandenburg identified isotopes with a ‘weapons signature’ and showed the nuclear data, he claims it happened on the Northern region of Mars.
The above quote is taken from the abstract of this paper they published, and have presented multiple times.
As with any other scientist, no matter how reputable, credible and accomplished, the instant you put out data and information that goes against the grain or has the ability to basically change people’s worldview paradigm, it’s instantly ridiculed and shut down, no matter how strong the data/evidence is, human belief systems and cognitive dissonance still seem to rule.
That being said, all of this is happening for a reason, and more and more information like this will continue to emerge which has is questioning what we think we know.
I’ve written about Mars, in-depth, multiple times, and it’s a planet with no shortage of mysterious, and perhaps fibs, as we never really seem to be told the truth about anything.
The thing is, if Mars was an Earth-like planet, was there intelligent life on it billions of years ago? The articles linked below will show why I believe, without a doubt, that yes, there were.
Ladies and gentlemen, my government, NASA, which many f us in the United States say stands for Never A Straight Answer, proceeded to erase 40 rolls of the film of the Apollo Program – the flight to the Moon, the flight around the Moon, the landings on the Moon, the walking guys here and there. They erased, for Christs’s sake, 40 rolls of film of those events.
Ladies and gentlemen, my government, NASA, which many of us in the United States say stands for Never A Straight Answer, proceeded to erase 40 rolls of film of the Apollo Program — the flight to the Moon, the flight around the Moon, the landings on the Moon, the walking guys here and there. They erased, for Christ’s sake, 40 rolls of film of those events. Now we’re talking about several thousand individual frames that were taken that the so-called authorities determined that you did not have a right to see. Oh, they were ‘disruptive,’ ‘socially unacceptable,’ ‘politically unacceptable.’ I’ve become furious. I’m a retired Command Sergeant Major. I was never famous for having a lot of patience. – Robert Dean
Underground lake with liquid salt water found on Mars | Al Jazeera English
Declassified FBI Document Suggests “Beings From Other Dimensions” Have Visited Earth
IN BRIEF
The Facts:
A declassified FBI document, one of many, contemplates beings from other worlds and dimensions, in a serious fashion.
Reflect On:
Why so many credible research and researchers continue to bring forth evidence and have for decades, showing that we are not alone, and probably never were. Reflect on why so many people are curious about this, and why it's no longer taboo.
There are a number of fascinating documents that have been released by governments, military and intelligence agencies from all over the world, for many years. Recent and continual disclosure of the UFO phenomenon is continuing in the United States, and there seems to be a push from establishment media to cover the UFO issue in a more credible way.
We’ve seen some serious articles written by people of “great distinction” publish a few articles in the New York Times, Washington Post and more.
The fact that the mainstream is pushing this now, and in the way they are, seems to be for a particular agenda. Many contemplate the desire of the global elite to spring a “false flag” alien invasion, it would be the same kind of idea as false flag terrorism, all for the purposes of justifying the growth of the military-industrial complex, and perhaps the intent to have an excuse to justify the weaponization of space. (Which has already happened according to some whistleblowers.)
That being said, there are many well-intentioned people on planet Earth, people who want the truth to come out about what’s really going on. Once you go down the rabbit hole and explore these truths, there really is no going back because what is going on is so vast, so complex, and so compartmentalized that you realize there are multiple facets to this coverup that touches anything from politics to technology to consciousness. This is one of the biggest stories in human history up til now, and it leaves no aspect of humanity untouched.
We Are Not Alone.
We are not alone, and we are slowly being groomed to accept this, and no doubt some more examples will be next to follow.
This particular document from the FBI highlights a truth that not many people know about. Multiple “academicians” have been interested and even hired to investigate various aspects of the UFO phenomena. Be it propulsion systems, the intelligence behind the craft, or something else, this has been demonstrated time and time again by those within the field of academia who openly speak out, or, as shown by various de-classified documents.
The FBI document shows how they were heavily interested in, and received a letter from someone with “several university degrees” and a former “university department head.” The document had to do with the extraterrestrial phenomenon.
Now, before we go any further, it’s important to mention that, as exemplified by this current document, there are multiple examples of this type of communication between intelligence agencies and high-level academia. You can access these declassified documents from the CIA archives in the form of a letter from a CIA task force addressed to the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency that details the close relationship that exists between the CIA, the mainstream media and academia, in this heavily sourced article.
Another great example (apart from the FBI document discussed in this article, is a declassified document discovered in the CIA’s electronic reading room titled “A Telephone Conversation With Dr. John A. Wheeler.” Wheeler was a famous quantum physicist, and the agency was recruiting him to look into the “flying saucer problem”, which was how the CIA referred to it at the time. You can access that particular document and read more about it here.
Back to the FBI document, apart from the academic connection, it was also addressed to “certain scientists of distinction,” to “aeronautical and military authorities,” and to “a number of public officials.”
This academic, as referred to in the document, outlines he belief, or information gathered by an unknown means, perhaps for the FBI, almost like an agent moulder from the X-Files perhaps, states that some of these disks carry crews and that others are under remote control. It also states that those who occupy these craft have a peaceful mission and that many of them are human-like but much larger in size.
Furthermore, this mysterious academic mentions that the disks “posses some type of radiant energy” and that “they do not come from any “planet” as we use the word, but from an etheric planet which interpenetrates with our own and is not perceivable to us.”
This is super fascinating for many reasons, it’s a reminder of the possible ‘magical’ and ‘mythical’ lands spoken out in many ancient texts. Ancient wisdom seems to be returning to the modern world, we can see this big time when it comes to neuroscience and quantum physics. One example of a supposed land that exists, possibly in another dimension but here in the same “location” as planet earth, one that we cannot perceive would be The Legend of Shambhala, or “inner Earth.”
The document also states that,
The bodies of the visitors, and the craft also, automatically materialize on entering the vibratory rate of our dense matter….They re-enter the etheric at will, and so simply disappear from our vision, without a trace…. The region they come from is NOT the astral plane, but corresponds to the Lakas or Talas. Students of esoteric matters will understand these terms.
Quite interesting to say the least, isn’t it?
Quantum physics is also starting to contemplate and perhaps even prove the existence of these realms. It wasn’t long ago when the US Secretary of Energy made some very interesting comments about doing work in parallel universes.
As far as the UFO/ET Phenomena goes, the global elite will use it like the use everything else, probably to deceive us, but the fact remains apart from that, that the truth really is out there, somewhere. This opens up doors to metaphysical and spiritual realms that still have yet a long way to go to be accepted as real by the masses, but as time goes on and the more we can detect these worlds, the closer we get to usher in the next scientific revolution, which is non-material science.
To read more of our articles on the UFO/Extraterrestrial phenomenon, you can click here.
Vrijgegeven FBI-document suggereert dat aliens uit andere dimensies de aarde hebben bezocht. Lees het hier
Steeds meer Amerikanen willen dat hun overheid openheid van zaken geeft over vliegende schotels. Het Witte Huis houdt vol dat het geen informatie over dit onderwerp heeft. Toch hebben de FBI, CIA en NSA verschillende geheime UFO-stukken vrijgegeven, wat erop wijst dat men erg geïnteresseerd is in dit fenomeen.
In het FBI-archief The Vault is een buitengewoon interessant document te vinden. Het document, dat hier(pagina’s 21 en 22) kan worden gevonden, is gericht aan ‘bepaalde vooraanstaande wetenschappers, militaire autoriteiten en een aantal ambtenaren’.
Het gaat om een brief over buitenaardsen en UFO’s die naar de directeur van de FBI in Washington is gestuurd: “Luitenant-kolonel [zwart gemaakt] van G2 (militaire inlichtingen) in San Francisco liet vandaag weten dat hij geen verdere informatie heeft en dat ons kantoor in Seattle beschikt over alle informatie die bij hem bekend is, en de zaak verder afhandelt in Tacoma, Washington.”
Het document bevat een kopie van een brief die is geschreven door ‘een voormalig decaan’ met verschillende ‘universitaire diploma’s’.
Het is ondertussen al weer meer dan een week geleden dat de dag veranderde in nacht in een deel van Siberië en nog steeds is er geen enkele verklaring.
En een onderzoeksteam op Nova Zembla komt tot de verbazingwekkende conclusie dat een compleet meer is verdwenen.
We leven in vreemde tijden en dus zijn er ook vreemde dingen verwachten. Zaken die niet zo gemakkelijk te verklaren zijn en ook vaak nog niet eerder zijn voorgekomen.
Zo zagen we onlangs een bizar verschijnsel in een deel van Siberië, waar het om 11 uur ’s morgens opeens donker werd en waar het pas na 2 uur ’s middags weer licht werd.
Rond elf uur ’s morgens werd het opeens donker in dat gebied, alsof er een soort zonsverduistering gaande was. Die was er niet en normaal gesproken heeft dat gebied rond deze tijd van het jaar ongeveer 24 uur per dag zonlicht. Het duurde tot rond een uur of twee in de middag tot de lucht weer enigszins begon op te klaren.
Je zou zeggen dat ruim anderhalve week na de gebeurtenis er iets meer duidelijkheid zou zijn over wat dit bijzondere fenomeen heeft veroorzaakt, maar niets is minder waar. De verwarring is eigenlijk alleen maar groter geworden omdat er ook van officiële zijde niet echt een verklaring wordt gegeven.
Om een indruk te kijken hoe het er werkelijk uit zag hierna een korte video waarop je goed kunt zien hoe donker het wel niet werd.
Wat het ook was dat de duisternis heeft veroorzaakt, veel mensen waren bang en vooral ouderen, ook omdat nooit iemand zoiets eerder had meegemaakt. Het gebied waar het voorval heeft plaatsgevonden is ook veel groter dan eerder gedacht, want het gaat over een gebied zo groot als heel Italië.
Er deed zich een ander vreemd verschijnsel voor en dat is dat er tientallen dode zwartkoppige zeemeeuwen werden gevonden. Over het exacte aantal is niemand het eens, maar het was een aanzienlijk aantal en niemand weet waarom deze vogels stierven.
Ook de verhalen over wel of geen stof na de gebeurtenissen variëren nogal, waarbij sommigen zeggen dat er niets te zien was, terwijl weer anderen spreken over een stoflaag of een soort olie-achtige substantie op de grond.
Ook omdat het vanuit officiële hoek doodstil blijft, doen er uiteraard de meest wilde verhalen de ronde. Geruchten zoals dat er een ultrageheim wapen wordt getest, het een inslag van een meteoriet is, een raketlancering die mis ging of de duisternis werd veroorzaakt door bosbranden.
Het laatste is niet echt logisch omdat er en geen bosbranden in de buurt waren en geen wind, maar het is natuurlijk wel een gemakkelijk te accepteren reden.
De speculaties werden nog eens extra gevoed doordat een overheidsfunctionaris van het ministerie in Jakoetsk zei dat ze wel een mening/idee hadden, maar geen toestemming om dit met de bevolking te delen. Het Russische Ministerie van Defensie weigerde ieder commentaar.
De dode vogels zullen worden onderzocht op mogelijke doodsoorzaak en verder zouden satellietbeelden misschien uitkomst kunnen bieden, maar deze worden niet beschikbaar gesteld.
Het zal niemand verbazen dat nergens de mogelijkheid wordt geopperd dat dit wel eens veroorzaakt zou kunnen zijn door de staart van de Draak, oftewel de Verwoester.
Een expeditie die deel uitmaakt van een programma The Open Ocean: Archiplelagos of the Arctic, ging op onderzoek uit op dit eiland naar een meer genaam Usacheva.
Echter, toen de expeditie bij het bewuste meer aan kwam, ontdekten ze dat dit compleet was verdwenen. Het enige dat nog restte was een kurkdroge en gescheurde bodem.
We praten hier ook niet over een klein meertje, maar eentje met een lengte van drie kilometer, op enkele kilometers afstand van de zee.
De onderzoekers hebben minimaal anderhalf kilometer gelopen over de droge bodem van het meer, maar veel verder dan het ontdekken van talrijke scheuren in de bodem kwamen ze niet.
Mysterious radio signal sent from an unknown source in deep space is picked up by new £12 million telescope in Canada
The CHIME telescope picked up a low frequency fast radio burst (FRB)
It lasted for only a few milliseconds and was detected by the sensitive machinery
It has been named FRB 180725A and is the first wave to be found below 700MHz
The scientists have yet to discover the source of the radio signal, but theories suggest it could originate from a black hole or advanced alien civilisation
A brief burst of radio sent from an unknown source across the universe has been picked up by the state-of-the-art CHIME telescope in Canada.
The signal, known as a Fast Radio Burst (FRB), lasted only a matter of milliseconds.
Researchers claim the signal is the first radio emission received from across the universe with a frequency below 700 MHz – the lowest frequency FRB ever recorded.
As a result, scientists believe that whatever produced the signal, which has been branded 'FRB 180725A', is likely to be extremely powerful.
Experts are still investigating what causes FRBs, with possible explanations including exploding black holes and advanced extra-terrestrial civilisations.
Scroll down for video
The short burst of radio waves detected by the state-of-the-art Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) telescope
The radio emission was first detected by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) telescope, which has been in operation for less than a year.
The FRB was detected by CHIME's expansive, four 100-meter-long (328ft) U-shaped cylinders on July 25 2018.
CHIME is designed to be able to record signals sent when the universe was between 6 billion and 11 billion years old.
Patrick Boyle, of McGill University, first reported the detection of the FRB with a post on the astronomical publication 'Astronomer's Telegram'.
The post reads: 'During its ongoing commissioning, CHIME/FRM detected FRB 180725A on 2018 July 25 at 17:59:43.115 UTC (18:59:43.15 BST/13:59:43.15 ET).
'The event is clearly detected at frequencies as low as 580 MHz and represents the first detection of an FRB at radio frequencies below 700 MHz.'
According to researchers at CHIME, whatever produced the signal in the depths of space is likely to be extremely powerful.
Whatever the source, it has produced the signal a number of times, scientists say.
Research into FRBS is still in its infancy, with the first signals detected less than a decade ago.
Since then, a mere two dozen FRBs have ever been detected from Earth, meaning there is little prior research for scientists build on.
'Fast radio bursts are exceedingly bright given their short duration and origin at great distances, and we haven't identified a possible natural source with any confidence,' said Avi Loeb, of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics research institute.
'An artificial origin is worth contemplating and checking.'
The mystery around these signals stems from the fact that scientists cannot yet pinpoint what is capable of producing such a short and sharp radio wave burst.
Mr Boyle adds: 'Additional FRBs have been found since FRB 180725A and some have flux at frequencies as low as 400 MHz.
'These events have occurred during both the day and night and their arrival times are not correlated with known on-site activities or other known sources of terrestrial RFI (radio frequency interference).'
The telescope that discovered the mystery signal is the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME, pictured) which has been open for less than a year
WHAT ARE FAST RADIO BURSTS?
Fast radio bursts, or FRBs, are radio emissions that appear temporarily and randomly, making them not only hard to find, but also hard to study.
The mystery stems from the fact it is not known what could produce such a short and sharp burst.
This has led some to speculate they could be anything from stars colliding to artificially created messages.
The first FRB was spotted, or rather 'heard' by radio telescopes, back in 2007.
But it was so temporary and seemingly random that it took years for astronomers to agree it wasn't a glitch in one of the telescope's instruments.
CHIME is 'half-pipe' design radio telescope that contains four 100-meter-long (328 foot) U-shaped cylinders, allowing it to detect signals from when the universe was between 6 and 11 billion years old.
'With the CHIME telescope we will measure the expansion history of the universe and we expect to further our understanding of the mysterious dark energy that drives the expansion ever faster,' said Dr Mark Halpern, of the University of British Columbia.
'This is a fundamental part of physics that we don't understand and it's a deep mystery. This is about better understanding how the universe began and what lies ahead.'
WHAT IS THE CHIME TELESCOPE?
The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (Chime) contains four 100-meter-long (328 foot) U-shaped cylinders, allowing it to detect signals from when the universe was between 6 and 11 billion years old.
With its U-shaped cylinders made of metal mesh, the experts have compared it to the half-pipes used by snowboarders and skateboarders.
Its unique design, coupled with advanced computing power, will serve as a 'time machine' to peer deep into the history of the universe.
The Chime telescope will collect radio waves with wavelengths between 37 and 75 centimeters.
Most of these signals come from the Milky Way, but, some began their journey billions of years ago.
The telescope will receive a massive amount of data, with a rate equivalent to all the data in the world's mobile network.
And, seven quadrillion computer operations will occur every second.
With its U-shaped cylinders made of metal mesh, experts have compared CHIME (pictured) to the half-pipes used by snowboarders and skateboarders. The radio signal it detected has been named FRB 180725A and is the first to be detected below 700 MHz
The £12.2 million ($16 million) in funding, CHIME sits in the mountains of British Columbia's Okanagan Valley at the NRC's Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory near Penticton.
With its U-shaped cylinders made of metal mesh, it resembles the half-pipes used by snowboarders and skateboarders.
Its unique design, coupled with advanced computing power, will serve as a 'time machine' to peer deep into the history of the universe.
This could help scientists to better understand the history of the universe, mysterious fast radio bursts, and the detection of gravitational waves.
'CHIME's unique design will enable us to tackle one of the most puzzling new areas of astrophysics today – Fast Radio Bursts,' said Dr Victoria Kaspi from McGill University.
'The origin of these bizarre extragalactic events is presently a mystery, with only two dozen reported since their discovery a decade ago.
'CHIME is likely to detect many of these objects every day, providing a massive treasure trove of data that will put Canada at the forefront of this research.'
CHIME will collect radio waves with wavelengths between 37 and 75 centimetres.
This, according to the researchers, is similar to that used by cell phones, and will allow the telescope to pick up on extremely weak radio signals from the universe.
Most of these signals come from the Milky Way, but, some began their journey billions of years ago.
A meteorite discovered in Russia in 2016 has been analyzed and found to contain a mysterious new mineral that is as hard as diamonds. Did some alien lose the engagement ring he planned to give his girlfriend while traveling through an asteroid belt?
The announcement of the discovery was made at the 81st Annual Meeting of The Meteoritical Society 2018 held last week in Moscow. Researchers from the Ural Federal University, Novosibirsk State University and the Geological Institute at the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science revealed that the meteorite was found in Buryatia, a mountainous republic in southern Siberia, by gold hunters. (Photo here.) Did they unknowingly turn over something worth more than gold?
“Uakitite was observed in small troilite-daubreelite (±schreibersite) inclusions (up to 100 µm) in kamacite and in large troilite-daubreelite nodules (up to 1 cm).”
It’s hard to put a value on it, but the researchers did get the honor of giving the mineral a name once they determined it had never been seen before. The actual amount of the new substance “uakitite” was so minute that they had to use electron diffraction (firing electrons at it to observe the resulting interference pattern) to obtain data on its crystal structure. That helped them determine that the mineral was formed in the meteor in space at temperatures exceeding 1000 degrees centigrade. While it has never been formed on Earth, uakitite is said to be elated to carlsbergite CrN and osbornite TiN.
If you could see the tiny grains of uakitite, you would find “it has a yellow and transparent phase with metallic lustre” and “a light gray colour with a pinky tint in reflected light.” The Mohs scale of mineral hardness is used to measure hardness by scratching different minerals against each other and placing them in order with softest being 1 and hardest 10. Talc has a Mose hardness of 1, quartz is 7, topaz is 8 and diamond is 10. Uakitite has a Mohs hardness of 9-10, making it about has hard as diamonds.
The gold hunters who found the uakitite-crusted meteorite missed out on naming the mineral but wouldn’t have gotten much for it at the gem store. For that they were born too soon. Meteors have been found to be loaded with rare minerals, both known and unknown. It’s no wonder some space programs are ignoring planetary and moon exploration in favor of asteroid mining.
Somewhere in the stars, an alien guy is trying to convince his fiancé that the diamond ring he picked up on Earth is better than the uakitite one he lost in space.
Years from now, historians and astronomers may look back at our current time as the beginning of a new era in which humanity finally knows for certain that it is not alone in the universe. Thanks to improvements in our telescopes, astronomers are detecting and identifying more and more unexplained radio signals in deep space. While these have so far all been theorized to have natural origins, it will only take one extraterrestrial radio signal to change human history forever.
Of course, historians and astronomers might also look back and shake their heads in disgust at our vain attempts to find cosmic companionship after they discover that we truly are forever alone here in the black, heartless void of space. Still, new radio signals are being detected every day, lending hope that one will be The One. Just last week, the brand new CHIME radio telescope in Canada (Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment) detected an anomalous radio signal the likes of which have never been seen in space. The signal, designated FRB 180725A, represents the first known fast radio burst (FRB) at frequencies below 700 MHz. Will FRB 180725A be the one to change everything?
The CHIME Pathfinder telescope in British Columbia.
Let’s hope so. For now, much more data will need to be collected before any conclusions about this new radio burst could be made. In a press release issued on AstronomersTelegram.org, McGill University’s P.J. Boyle cautions against making any preliminary speculations about this anomalous radio signal, noting that “the data have not been corrected for frequency-dependent beam sensitivity and that “further observations to search for repeated bursts at all wavelengths are encouraged.”
After this new signal was discovered, several other radio bursts were detected at frequencies as low as 400 MHz, and preliminary analysis indicates that they are not the result of terrestrial interference. The exact locations from which these radio bursts originated still unknown, but astronomers are searching for them.
Could a strange deep space radio burst someday become the first evidence of extraterrestrial intelligence?
As additional FRBs are discovered I just have to wonder: what if some these are indeed transmissions from distant civilizations and we simply don’t yet have the tools or the know-how to interpret them? Sure, there are all sorts of scientific explanations for how they could be naturally-occurring, but as the history of science shows, scientific explanations are merely the best guess we have at the moment. Who knows what any of these signals might one day be discovered to be?
Alien Creature Filmed In The Woods of Gaspésie, Canada on August 01, 2018
On July 29, 2018 a strange alien creature has been filmed on a roadside in Gaspésie, Québec in Canada.
Audrée Tanguay Fréchette who has filmed the creature says: I was filming a moose on a roadside in Gaspésie, Québec, Canada. Looking at the video I saw this strange shape at the back left. Can someone tell me what it is?
The creature suddenly comes from the left side, then hides behind a tree and observes the moose. It looks like it wants to attack the moose as it steps a little forwards, towards the moose, but then again the creature hides again behind the tree, still observing the moose.
It reminds me the 2010 story of a hunter near Baton Rouge who said he found a freaky photo (image above) on his deer stand camera in the Louisiana woods at night which shows a lot of resemblance to this creature.
The appearance of this kind of beings raises questions whether they originate from secret experiments or not.
UFOs are often seen around storms, hurricanes, tornados and other natural disasters, probably because the electrical static from around their UFO can cause such problems. Here we see a video that recorded sprites, but sprites this big only exist because there is a cloaked vessel within that area. The UFO may be able to hide, but when near static electricity (storm) sprites form and give away the location of the UFO. Scott C. Waring
Kent, England, UK triangle taken as part of a Selfie photo
Filer’s Files #30 -2018 Alien Bases and Scientific Parameters - PART I
In special reports, this week’s files cover: Defense Minister of Canada Aliens Live Among Us, Mysterious ‘Pyramids’ Are Spotted on the Atlantic Ocean Floor, DSP Satellite FastWalkers (UFOs), UFO Parameters, Abductions, Alien Bases on Planets, SR-72. And The 4000 year old Beauty of Loulan of China.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Alabama, Arizona, California, Florida, Michigan, Montana, New Jersey, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Australia, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, France, Iceland, Netherlands, Poland, and England in the United Kingdom. God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFO’s are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
Forward these files to your friends and neighbors.
Special Projects
Defense Minister of Canada Aliens Live Among Us
Former Defence Minister of Canada, Paul Hellyer, claims that the aliens are already working for us, in an interview with the RT, the Russian TV channel. He says it is as true as an aircraft flying over us.
According to Mr. Hellyer, there are about 80 alien species living among us, a fascinating fact, which makes us looking around to spot them in a crowd. Mr. Hellyer sheds some light on the nature of these beings: they can be short grays, the tall whites and the Nordic blondes, Mr. Hellyer says.
There is a rapid increase in the reported sightings of UFO in recent months. In that context, the claim that aliens are visiting our battered planet does not sound strange. When a former Canadian Defense Minister – a former leading figure in the NATO – the news is never short of the ingredients to arouse shock and awe among the ordinary people.
Mr. Hellyer went on to say that aliens are mostly benign and want to help us get out of our miseries. Some are mischievous, though. Mr. Hellyer explains why the aliens do not want to share high technology with us: because, we are destroying our planet with what we already have – pollution and the thermonuclear bombs.
Mr. Hellyer quite boldly claimed that some aliens are already working for the US military in Nevada. Then, in the same breath, he said that recently two female aliens visited a supermarket in Las Vegas incognito as nuns. Mr. Hellyer says the two aliens got away with their stunt since they look like normal unions.
When asked about his own personal experience with the aliens, he described how he and his wife spotted a UFO in the Canadian skies while living in a cottage near Toronto. He said that the same UFO appeared on two successive days for well over 20 minutes, before disappearing at, what he termed as, astonishing speed. Http
Mysterious ‘Pyramids’ Are Spotted on the Atlantic Ocean Floor
Conspiracy theorists claim they have found two or three ancient underwater structures off the coast of the Bahamas.
Scott Waring, who created the UFO Sightings Daily website, is a regular contributor who was using Google Earth to scour the ocean floor for anomalies, when he came across the strange shapes. Speaking in the SecureTeam10 video, Mr. Waring said: ‘I found these two pyramids on the ocean floor near New Providence island, that it is not far from Florida.
‘The lines on the pyramids are easy to make out and are proof that the nearby island was once inhabited by an ancient man or Aztec-like people. ‘Narrator Tyler Glockner agrees with Mr. Waring’s assessment, adding: ‘I have to say these do look like pyramids, obviously ancient pyramids that would have some weathering over the years.
‘One thing about the ocean is that it actually preserves things much better, because you’re not out there in the open air where things can rust and deteriorate.
‘If these are pyramids, they could be much much older than, say, the ruins found on Earth that are barely still there and have nearly crumbled to dust.’
The pair point out that the two pyramids are not the same, with one appearing to be a perfect three sided structure, like the Great Pyramid of Giza. A third ancient underwater pyramids was found off the Atlantic Coast of Florida which few people know exist. Multiple sources of information about the pyramids are available, but for simplicity most of the following information is from Bill Hanson’s book “The Atlantis Triangle.”
Hanson notes that the three pyramids are equally spaced – about 35 miles apart – on the west side of the Gulf Stream. To add to the mystery, three other underwater pyramids have been seen on the east side of the Gulf Stream. Those are 25 to 30 miles apart and located near Walker’s Cay, Great Sale Cay and the Berry Islands of the Bahamas. Typically, the underwater pyramids have been seen after violent storms have temporarily swept away some of the sand covering the ancient structures.
Pilots flying low over the pyramid’s location stated, “All my magnetics had gone to zero. Then a strange hue occurred all around me. At about 600 feet above water in the air that bright crimson hue simply baffled me.”The 240 HP Continental began to be the most crazily running engine I have ever had the experience to feel. It became motionless no matter what I did with the throttle and pumps. It glided and floated smoothly for at least two miles. Then the engine simply started itself. I could not dive because I was already on top of the water. Then I realized that some force was pulling toward a westerly direction. . . After landing and getting inspection of Radio Communication and units, every last unit was blown, shorted out by some high frequency electronic shock, or mysterious high voltage in the air.” Thanks to Scott C. Waring*www.ufosightingsdaily.com Warring
DSP Satellite FastWalkers (UFOs)
The Defense Support Program (DSP) satellite has been detecting FastWalkers (UFOs) entering our atmosphere for decades. The DSP analyzes the temperature, location and trajectory of a hot infrared source could build up both a description of the type of missile as well as its target dramatically reducing the chances of a surprise ICBM attack. The satellite weighed about 2,000 pounds and had a 12-foot long Schmidt infrared telescope with a linear array of 2,048 lead sulfide detectors that detected infrared energy. The satellite rotated six times per minute as the sensor “scanned” the entire face of the Earth. The sensor provided below-the-horizon coverage by spotting the missile’s exhaust plume and carried sensors for detecting nuclear explosions in the atmosphere. The first DSP satellite was launched from Cape Canaveral on November 6, 1970, atop a Titan 3C rocket.
By late June 1973, the four DSP satellites in orbit had detected a total of 1,014 missile launches. They had proven quite successful and had relieved some of the tension that was always present during the Cold War. DSP also presented some surprises to its operators. The satellites began detecting infrared returns within and above the atmosphere that were entering and leaving the atmosphere. Some of these returns were caused by sunlight reflecting off the satellites or meteorites and these events were soon designated “Fast Walkers.“. DSP satellites, which are operated by the Air Force Space Command, detect missile or spacecraft launches and nuclear explosions using sensors that detect the infrared emissions from these intense sources of heat. During Desert Storm, for example, DSP was able to detect the launches of Iraqi Scud missiles and provide timely warnings to civilians and military forces in Israel and Saudi Arabia.
Warrant Officer Joe Stefula reports, “Our DSP satellites track the launch of various missiles using various types of sensors but chiefly with Infrared sensors. In addition to the missiles the sensors also are able to pick up unidentified flying objects that are entering and leaving our atmosphere called FastWalkers.” UFO buffs were able to correlate ground UFO reports with ascending and descending UFOs
Slower anomalous objects are referred to has SlowWalkers. The DSP satellite system once composed of 18 units in deep space orbit picks up several UFO intruders or “FastWalkers” ascending and descending severaltimes a week. AeroJet General engineer and MUFON member Ron Regehr, helped design the satellites. Insiders report there is a great deal of excitement as the UFOs sometimes trigger the early warning system. Often they are referred to as Uncorrelated Targets indicating they are not in the computer data base for all known objects in space.
Editor’s Note – Uncorrelated targets coming into and leaving the atmosphere are picked up several times a week. Correlated targets are various types of space junk tracked and kept in Air Force computers while uncorrelated targets are unknowns. Our Earth is an oasis in space and UFOs likely stop for resupply, relaxation and recreation.
For example, Pine Bush, New York, Mt. Shasta, California, , and Gulf Breeze, Florida in recent years have had a large number of sightings. I know there are also missing persons in the areas of high UFO activity. There are geological anomalies, and unusual helicopter and military activity. I suggest our research specialists and consultants in various fields be tasked to look for anomalies in a particular area. We may find a series of surprising relationships. I believe many scientists would be interested in actively helping us find the answer provided they had viable evidence to examine.
MUFON’s scientific consultants and research specialists will provide a base cadre of scientifically trained personnel, who could be called on for help. We could also invite key Eastern universities to provide support and cooperation with the research. The exact composition of the scientific personnel equipment will need further development. Certainly various engineering, scientific, medical, military and computer expertise would be needed.
SCIENTIFIC PARAMETERS OF UFOs
The phenomena associated with the presence of a UFO can be accounted for within the following scientific parameters as provided by Dr. Jim Mc Campbell:
*The emission of electromagnetic radiation measured isotropically (all directions) of approximately 1 to 1.6 megawatts in a fairly narrow range of the microwave region.
*Wave length of one tenth to one twenty fifth millimeters, and a frequency of sixty to eighty cycles per second. Electromagnetic energy in the range of 300 to 3,000 MHz or higher. *Pulse width of two to forty microseconds.
On top of the craft is a really high magnetic field which is about a million times more powerful than we know how to produce on the Earth. There is also a slow ripple of about ten per second, with about five to ten seconds between ripples. It’s about five to ten seconds per ripple, it’s very slow. That ripple is what causes the spinning of compasses which is reported so often. The radiant energy produces colored halos and plasmas around the UFO. Further research is needed concerning propulsion systems which probably propel by distorting the gravitational field and converting gravity into useable energy. The following equipment will provide the basis for the studies.
SCIENTIFIC EQUIPMENT
Radar
Scientific equipment is needed to verify the above data and scientifically show that these measurements can be duplicated, wherever a UFO is encountered. Equipment should include radiation measuring devices, video, photographic and digital cameras with star filters (diffraction grating of the 4th order). Some should be equipped with infrared and audio recorders. Additionally, we need magnetometers, magnetoscopes, portable radar equipment, E M spectrum analyzers, pulse analyzers and fluxgate compasses. Communication capability with airfield towers and aircraft should also be provided. The equipment should also include Geiger radiation detection equipment that is directional. Automatic recording devices set up with the equipment would also be needed. Ray Fowler suggested we need both equipment and trained operators. Simple magnetometers can be built and with alarms and recording devices.
SIGNAL EQUIPMENT
Dr. Richard Haines from NASA as suggested that we may be able to signal or beckon the craft. He has recorded 200 instances where this has been accomplished successfully and is presently writing a book on the subject. He is willing to help us in signaling methods that appear to work such as search lights. Various types of signal equipment would be needed.
ABDUCTION PHENOMENA
There is a growing body of evidence that implies that many people around the world believe that they are being abducted. Books such as “Intruders,” by the late Budd Hopkins and “Abductions” by John Mack M.D. present a strong case that abductions by aliens are in fact taking place. Dr. Mack is both a Pulitzer Prize winner and a professor of psychiatry at the Cambridge Hospital, of the Harvard Medical School. Despite the claims of numerous witnesses and the research by many respected ufologists there is little verifiable evidence that physical abductions are occurring. Because of this lack of scientific proof, there is very little interest in the subject by the news media and science at large. Many people suffer both physical and mental trauma due to the phenomenon. Dr. Mack has publicly stated these people are not mentally ill, but have symptoms similar to person who has recently been raped or undergone severe mental stress. These people need help to resolve their problem. As the Eastern Director of MUFON, I propose that it may be possible to prove that physical abductions are or are not taking place. Once we can prove the phenomenon, whatever the result, will provide help to these people. Our investigation may eventually prove that we are interacting with non-human intelligence, but not necessarily extraterrestrial.
The abductees claim they are taken from their homes on a fairly regular basis and are onboard the UFOs. If someone is tested shortly after returning from a high altitude flight his body can be tested to show probable proof of the flight. I propose that known abductees can be monitored on a regular basis with the technology now available. With the abductees permission we can provide them with an implant or tracking device to determine their location. We may decide to track them during periods when they are most likely to be abducted. Some abductees may be given placeboes rather than true implants to determine their responses. The abductee will not know for certain if they carry a monitoring device. This will help, if the kidnappers can read minds. There is suspicion that the abductees are in fact experiencing some type of out of body phenomenon. The implant can determine if an abductee actually leaves his home. If the abductee is missing and returns we can quite possibly prove that they were involved in aerial flight. Ray Fowler suggested we begin small with voice/noise actuated tape recorder, magnetometer, radar detector in an abductees home. He stated: “Initial tests with the tape recorder and VCR with infra-red film have not produced anything substantial with Betty and Bob Luca except for noises that indicated a break into their trailer and a noise that coincide with an object Betty saw go through the window when it went through the metal blinds.”
Alien Bases on Planets
Express. Home of the Daily and Sunday Express.Recently released swastika type structure on the Moon. taken by the Chinese Satellite. This structure may confirm that the Germans had reached the moon.
Former NASA whistleblower’s shock claim space agency hid PROOF of UFOs orbiting Saturn
A DECORATED former NASA scientist has claimed the US space agency has proof that alien UFOs have been orbiting Saturn for years, but the shocking fact has been withheld from the public.
Dr Norman Bergrun, a distinguished engineer who has worked with NASA’s Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, California, said the rings of planet Saturn are a massive meeting place for extraterrestrials.
He claims “alien UFO spaceships” have started “proliferating” at a shocking rate on the planet’s many rings, which are made up of “space crafts and their exhaust fumes” but the world-changing evidence has been covered up at high-level within the US Government.
The former NASA engineer, who has written books on his claims and done numerous interviews, believes the number of UFO crafts in the solar system had reached “critical” levels.
Bizarrely, Dr Bergrun claims the spaceships include living entities, which use the rings as a source of energy, and are multiplying and spreading to other planets such as Uranus and Jupiter.
Dr Bergrun developed “roll stability laws for airplanes, missiles and rockets.”
Telemetry from Voyager 2 on its outward journey through the solar system shows that planet Uranus has a number of rings. One of the published photographic transmissions indicates that the rings are formed mechanistically the same as for Saturn. The ring-makers even lie within the ring at about the same angle as the ones shown for Saturn. Interestingly too, the Uranus moon, Miranda, has a combination of geological land forms found separately on various moons of Saturn.
Unusual terrain forms include square corners, nestled circular grooves, parallel straight-line grooves, and regions evidencing former viscous flow.
Some pictures of Mars suggest visitations by E.M.V.’s The massive power of E.M.V.’s means neither that humans absolutely should forgo space flights, nor that a Mars landing should never be undertaken. However, known presence of E.M.V.’s serves a substantial warning to space travelers at least to stay their distance. Failure to heed this warning could result in catastrophe and emotional unpleasantness much worse than that which resulted from the explosion of space-shuttle Challenger. As precursors to committing humans to remote space, the special jurisdiction claimed by E.M.V.’s should be ascertained. Meanwhile, all nations of the world should unite to meet the challenges and opportunities that these prodigious forces present.
Craters still are being explained by meteor impacts; but unorthodox terrain patterns simply do not fit this time-worn theory! Neither do these patterns fit conventional geological concepts. In contrast, strange surface shapes and contours and recent modification thereof readily are explicable in terms of observed electromagnetic vehicle capabilities. Presence of electromagnetic vehicles (E.M.V.’s) in the outer solar system forces attention on an extraordinary potential hazard of manned space flight not considered heretofore. E.M.V.’s can be expected to pose an extreme hazard to manned space flight in the vicinity of Saturn and Uranus, and probably even as near to Earth as Mars.
In terms of a clear and present danger, man-made nuclear bombs pose more of an immediate large- scale threat to human life. In contrast, an apparent long-term commitment by electromagnetic vehicles to the continuance of the human life chain is comforting. To anticipate, though, a perpetually unmarred status quo in the character of our earthly habitat is really an unreasonable expectation.
Lockheed Martin SR-72 Flies at Mach 6
I briefed the 21st Air Force General staff on Iranian F-4 fighters attempting to attack a UFO in 1976. Their missiles failed to fire at the UFO but the fighters were able land safely.
Only UFOs or rockets are thought able to fly at Mach 10 or 7,612 miles per hour. If the “luminous objects” can fly at Mach 10, it suggests a reliable hypersonic reconnaissance aircraft is in the US inventory. Perhaps the SR-72 is operational?
Aviation Week & Space Technology, Senior Editor Guy Norris lifts the wraps on the SR-72’s cutting-edge design, including a propulsion breakthrough that would allow the aircraft to fly twice as fast as the SR-71 Blackbird — six times the speed of sound — but still take off from and land on a runway like a convention.
The 4000 year old Beauty of Loulan of China
Loulan was discovered in 1980, but it was 3800 years ago that she died in China on the trade route known as the Silk Road. The natural dryness and salty soil preserved her and over two hundred other mummies, who had lived in settlements along the trade route. The mummy has been called the Loulan Beauty because of her amazingly preserved stately facial features that have remained quite beautiful even in death.
The Chinese government has been reluctant to allow full access to the mummies because of their Caucasian identity. The Tarim mummies look more European than Asian and may be descendants of the original inhabitants of the area, possibly alien, and not later arrivals, as Chinese history claims.
Victor Mair, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania, was instrumental in getting access to these mummies’ genetic samples in 1993. Their findings revealed that the mummies are indeed European but they probably migrated from the Siberian region. Mainstream historians have always had the concept that early people were not world travelers when in fact most evidence points to just the opposite. Loulan’s people are clearly of Caucasian descent and their grave goods suggest that they were probably merchants of textiles.
The settlements along the Silk Road might very well have been meeting points where merchants from the west traded their goods for goods from the east. Pliny the Elder described the traders from this area as tall with flaxen hair and blue eyes. Loulan herself lived to be about 40 to 45. One of the mummies, the Yingpan Man, was six feet six inches tall and wore a red tunic with gold embroidery. He also wore a gold foil burial mask.
She probably died from lung disease and was buried in well-made woven clothing. Some of the mummies are actually wearing plaid patterned loomed cloth. Many of the mummies are tattooed like modern tattooing and one female has crescent moons and ovals tattooed on her face. A male mummy known as the Chrechen Man has sun tattoos on his temples, although the tattoos could represent UFOs. It is known that the ancient people rode horses, used chariots and had at least some medical knowledge.
The Chinese government did allow further testing in 2007 and 2009 and the findings supported the Siberian connection as well as suggesting the mixing of people from Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley, Europe and other unknown sources. Thanks to Margaret Moose.
Note:I suggest the unknown sources were extraterrestrial.
Almost 200 pyramids ten thousand years old are found in China near other Caucasian blonds and red heads.
Everything you can imagine we already know how to do, but these technologies are so locked up in black projects it would take an act of God to ever get them out to benefit humanity
– Ben Rich, Former CEO of Lockheed Martin Skunk Works
We are on the trail of a mystery here. And while we may never hope to fathom the plans of the Creator we should be able to
Filer’s Files #30 -2018 Alien Bases and Scientific Parameters - PART II
UFO Sightings in the United States
Alabama Light
Sumiton –I was outside looking through my telescope when I noticed it flying around moon on July25, 2018. This isn’t the first time they’ve messed with me I was scared an alone I stopped filming is how I lost site of object.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
Arizona Light
Cottonwood— My wife first noticed an unusual object through bedroom window late evening on July 24, 2018.
. She woke me to point it out. We both went to the patio with binoculars. We saw a bright twinkling object that did not appear to be a star. Every once in awhile it would flash. Looking at it through the binoculars, it appeared to be rotating rapidly giving off red, green, blue, and white colors. We first noticed these objects in early April but still see them to this day. At the beginning we were quite excited to see them and would go out as soon as it was dark enough to see them. Now we watch them and wonder if we are being observed back. I’m no astronomer by any stretch but have tried to identify them with known stars or star patterns. I did some poor video of them and took a few still photos. As the days went by, the objects appeared to get smaller but are still identifiable. At various times they will disappear from one location only to see like objects to appear somewhere else. At present 4 or 5 of these objects, or similar, have formed a pattern in the NNE sky, again low on the horizon. Periodically as we are observing these lights, other star-like, but different, objects will enter our field of view from various directions, some changing direction, some appearing to pulse, some fading out while others continue until they are out of sight. I am very familiar with conventional aircraft and navigation light patterns. These are not conventional aircraft. Thanks to MUFON CMS
California Object
Mt Shasta– A white UFO has been seen over Mt. Shasta for several days starting on July 20, 2018. The local Mt Shasta news has been carrying the story. Sometimes it appears longer but always flies at very high levels. It appears to be a small cylinder perhaps observing heavy fires in Mt. Shasta County and the UFO Conference Venus with Love being held in the area.
Florida Lights
I got home from the gym and noticed a strange light.
I have the video of it.
Photo was taken June 23, 2018.
Michigan Light
Rochester Hills— After studying these objects for the last 3 years, that were first seen in March 2015, I am finally getting good pics. Since the 4th of July fireworks season, there have been 6-10 objects visible each night in my area. On this night I saw 5 different objects. This was the last one I saw before going in, it was moving lower in the sky than any object I have ever seen. I estimate this object was 10,000 feet up. It was bright white, at least +2 mag moving faster than a plane; It continued to move north toward me. It followed the line along the top of the roof of my building. When it got to me, suddenly there was a bright flash. It hovered briefly, then it made a sharp 60 degree turn to the NW, dimmed from bright white to a reddish color. It moved from sight below roof to the NW, Photo shows varying surface colors; it is like a square box with a larger “lid” on it. From the bottom, is a rod extending each direction, with a sphere attached to the end of each rod with its own light source It has apparent structure; stops, ascends, descends, hovers. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Montana Orb
Polson – On July 20, 2018, I went outside around 5:30 AM and saw a bright light up in the sky to the Northwest. I went and grabbed my camera and took a few pictures, came back outside about 5 minutes later and took a few more. And then maybe 5 or 10 minutes later I took the last pictures. I could barely see the object by then. The pictures are all zoomed in as far as my camera would go. I couldn’t detect movement with my naked eye for the first pictures, but the last time I came outside to take a few more I noticed the light had moved quite a bit down and to the right. I have 6 more pictures.
Note: A check of astronomical tables showed that no planets or the moon was visible at the time of the sighting. Also the amount of movement noted by the witness in a short period of time would eliminate celestial objects. Thanks to William Puckett, Director Http://www.UFOsnw.com
New Jersey Light
Hammonton — Awake at 2 am and spotted bouncing ball of light over my blueberry field. Captured 2 minutes and 40 seconds of video containing a stationary “ball of light” once zoomed in and frame stopped, it appears to be a meteor that “stayed still” cannot wrap our heads around this.
Most amazing and beautiful thing I’ve ever seen. Then stopped recording and it remained stationary until I fell asleep. No sightings of meteor landings in my area this morning. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Nevada Cylinder
Caliente — Did not see UFO until looking at the photo afterwards. I took through the car window.
Could be reflection on window, but object does not appear to be so. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Oregon Object
Depoe Bay — I was sitting on the patio and noticed unusual cloud and contrail patterns and formations. I went back into the house and took cell phone photo on December 31, 2017. Seven months later my wife and I noticed a black object adjacent to or in one of the contrails. There is also a very strange shaped cloud in the midst of the contrails. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Washington Orbs
Skyway — On July 18, 2018Here’s my report, with two attached sketches. Just a heads up, the website didn’t work on my phone in chrome for some reason using HTC U11 Android operating system and it kept saying forbidden when I tried submitting twice. It was odd.
So last night at 8:45 PM (7-18-2018) I was watching the sunset in Skyway looking Northeast towards Lake Washington and downtown Seattle, but more towards Bellevue I would say. From where I was looking and at first I just saw one orb like flying object kind of gliding in the sky and not making any sound or emitting any vapor. I yelled to my partner to have him come see it, but he was not feeling up to it and was scared to look and then have nightmares or have any weirdness from seeing them. I went back out and I then saw two! Both were the same size gliding at the same speed and moving very gradually in various directions and different angles, but so slowly that you would hardly notice it change its angle. I just watched them slowly glide off over Lake Washington, Renton and Mercer Island area or even closer as I was not sure if they were drones. When I saw two, I didn’t believe it could be a drone. I had felt anxious watching them, as it was so foreign to me, so I went inside and didn’t take a photo or watch too much longer for fear of any freaky stuff occurring. It was very frightening actually although they were so small and seemed like they were almost too small to have a human in them, but possibly they were remote operated or drones. The general shape of them were dome like bubbles slightly oblong and seemed to have more material on top of the craft. There was no visible seam or welding of the top and bottom parts, so they were very unusual and were probably the size of a Volkswagen Bug. I saw no propellers, indication of any propulsion pushing it in any direction. They just glided slowly and very stealth like, as if trying to not draw too much attention. Perhaps they were being operated by someone not too far below on ground perhaps, but I highly doubt it. They seemed to be only a mile away from me in the sky I would say, with one slightly further and higher up than the second one I saw. When I returned to the front yard I realized I was seeing two now and the second one was closer and a bit lower than the other and further back, by about a half a mile from one another, but seemed to be together, gliding in the same direction. The color was most similar to a dull/matte silver/grayish color. They were solid in color and I saw no lights or holes or anything on the surface of the craft besides its shape and smooth movement. Thanks to William Puckett, Director Http://www.UFOsnw.com
Worldwide UFO Sightings
Australia Object
On July 22, 2018, I was parked at the river and noticed a red cone shaped light moving in the sky then it stopped
I go it on my cell phone had a strange cross a one end it took off at a huge speed in an easterly direction and I lost sight of it.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
Canada Object
Parry Sound — Son in law took this pic, would appreciate what your photo analysis experts think, I assure you this is a legit picture , thank you, please contact if you need more info, thank you!
Son in law took this picture on July 16, 2018, would appreciate what your photo analysis experts think, I assure this is a legit picture , thank you, please contact if you need more info, thank you!
Stellarton — Whole driving east on Highway 104 in Nova Scotia, Canada writer noted object flying by and tool picture of same. Object headed in a southerly direction on August 21, 2017 . No entities were seen.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
Czech Republic Triangle
– Novy Jicin— I as in my pool and observed stars. In my opinion it was real ufo above the nearby town of Príbor. There was a large thunderstorm and flashes at around 23:00, and suddenly a triangular-shaped object appeared above my house and sailed across the sky toward the southwest. When he was at my level, he did a little maneuver and leaned at a distance of about 20 degrees to me and continued on the flight without noise and lighting.
I was quite impressed when he appeared so close to me completely silent, and I saw the contours and the hemisphere, and I watched in amazement as he disappeared on the horizon. Thanks to MUFON CMS
France Object
Luminous object in the shape of a ball changing color. Going from white to orange and pulling a little on the red. With a predominance for the orange color. The object has a vertical path from top to bottom with a very slow descent speed. At first sight the object seems to be stationary but it is not the case. It does not present any flashing light like an aircraft. The object was to the left of Notre Dame de la Garde with a real point of view. Fenced on St Tronc in the 10th arrondissement of Marseille, from a balcony on the last floor of a building. I observed the object with a binocular marine type Bushnell 7 to 50 which incorporates a digital compass. The binocular showed me an angle of 250Â °, so almost full West. Wind west 51 km / h gusting to 68 km Thermohygrometric data confirmed by my weather station Netatmo. Atmospheric pressure: 1007.2 mbar. Object big enough to be seen in the night sky. The object came out of my field of vision when it passed behind the hill of Notre Dame de la Garde. It was 21:41. I have no explanation as to the true nature of this object. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Iceland Object
Asbyrgi Visitor Center — We were taking photos in the Asbyrgi Canyon area on June 26, 2018. Nothing was observed in person however there is a prominent unknown flying object in my photo. It is not a bird and does not appear to be an airplane. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Netherlands Triangle
Spaarndam— I was in the middle of a playing field of a Footgolf playground on July 15, 2018 on a beautiful summer afternoon with nice clouds. I took two pictures of the sky and horizon. The time between the two pictures was not more than 2-4 seconds. At the time all of us (8 persons) and other people in the field did not noticed anything. When I was home I looked back at some photo’s of that day and noticed something odd in the second picture of the same event. A triangle shaped object appears out of nowhere. At that time it was silent and for me this is an UFO. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Poland Orbs
Nowy Dwor Mazowiecki— My name’s Lucas and I’m from, , a small town about 30 km (19 miles) from Warsaw.
I’m actually writing to you because on the night of May 9, 2018, I was taking long exposure (30 sec) photos with a friend of mine. Suddenly, on one of the photos a strange object appeared. It wasn’t visible to the naked eye, so without hesitation we took another shot and the object appeared on the photo again. We cleaned the lens. We took another two shots the mysterious object came into sight again but this time it changed its position and angle. Maybe you could analyze them? The sky is busy with planes taking off from the nearby Warsaw – Modlin airport. Thanks to MUFON CMS
UK England Triangle
Kent — I was out taking a usual walk down the sandy beach in Folkestone, Kent, UK, august 12, 2014, when all I did was to take a selfie. I noticed something in the background which I cannot explain what it is. People think I’ve edited it somehow but I honestly have not.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
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Americans were seeing things in the sky during the summer of 1947. A private pilot, Kenneth Arnold, was searching for a missing Marine Corps plane near Mount Rainier, Wash., when he saw nine “extremely shiny” objects “shaped like saucers” flying at 10,000 feet. Around that same time, a rancher in Roswell, N.M., found debris scattered across his land. Soon the Air Force’s 509th Bombardment Group at Roswell Army Air Field agreed among themselves that the rancher had found a crashed flying saucer—before announcing that the discovery was really a weather balloon. (The Air Force later revealed it was part of a secret program to monitor Soviet nuclear tests.)
The public was confused, curious and a little afraid. At St. Joseph’s Church in Grafton, Wis., something crashed into the lightning rod on the church roof. The Rev. Joseph Brasky went outside and found a warm metal disc, 18 inches in diameter, with “gadgets and some wires.” The mysterious craft looked like a circular saw blade.
It was.
Father Brasky, like many other practical jokers that summer, wanted to have a little fun at the expense of the media. Hoodwinked reporters were subjected to his collection of trinkets, including “bass bottles”—beer bottles outfitted with the head of a fish—and Fish Tales, his self-published book of angling stories. But though many unexplained sightings were proved to be hoaxes, they continued beyond that summer. Something, it seemed, was in the sky.
"Around 8:15 on the first night of the carnival, among the aerialists and rides, his searchlight spotted a 'glowing disc.' And this was not a one-time occurrence."
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In April 1949, the Rev. Gregory Miller, the pastor of Saints Peter and Paul Church in Norwood, Ohio, wrote to the Archdiocese of Cincinnati with two requests. The parish school needed an expansion. Also, the nuns who taught at the school had been living at nearby Regina High School, but their quarters were “becoming crowded,” and they needed a new residence at the parish. Father Miller had a plan to deal with both challenges: He would hold a festival that August to raise money for the building fund.
The Saints Peter and Paul Jitney Carnival was approved for Aug. 19 through 21. The Sensational Kays and The Three Milos, two famous high-wire acts, were booked. There would be free entertainment—but also “fun for a nickel.” An Army surplus searchlight, owned by the parish, was used to attract crowds. The light was operated by Sgt. Donald R. Berger of the University of Cincinnati’s Reserve Officers’ Training Corps.
Manning a military searchlight in late August was no comfortable task, but Sergeant Berger’s job would become more difficult than he ever imagined. Around 8:15 on the first night of the carnival, among the aerialists and rides, his searchlight spotted a “glowing disc.” And this was not a one-time occurrence. Nine times in the following months, the parish searchlight would illuminate the impossible: a flying saucer. Unlike Father Brasky’s saw blade, the case at Saints Peter and Paul remains unsolved.
Making Sense of Mystery
The early days of flying saucer reports were full of practical jokes—along with serious, confounding sightings from military officers and pilots. Readers, and most reporters in the media, were not sure how to juggle such a contrast. From the start, the problem with flying saucers has been, among other things, a semantic one: If U.F.O. stands for unidentified flying object, then any attempt to categorize a sighting makes it an identified flying object—something else entirely.
Even today, whenever we talk about U.F.O.s, we are engaging in endless conjecture. We are always trying to imagine what they might be. With our eyes to the heavens, squinting at fast-moving discs and sporadic lights, the mind wanders. Yet in the mid-20th century, enough people reported strange objects in the sky that the government took notice. Project Blue Book, the Air Force’s official study of U.F.O.s, compiled over 15,000 sightings between 1947 and 1969. Nearly 700 were labeled unexplained, but another 1,000 were categorized as unknown. While the difference remains debatable, and is likely a result of poor terminology, the conclusion is clear: Although most U.F.O. reports were easily and eventually explained, a small number were scientifically curious and enigmatic.
"U.F.O.s and faith both occupy a surreal space: the porous border region between the prosaic and the profound."
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Scientifically curious and enigmatic, though, does not make for great entertainment. Aliens do. The rest is cultural history. From the rise of the contactee movement (people who claim to have had contact with extraterrestrials) to popular films like “Close Encounters of the Third Kind” and TV series like “The X-Files,” U.F.O.s have become interchangeable with aliens. If an object courses through the sky, we reason, someone, or something, must be flying it.
These sightings are certainly interesting to U.F.O. buffs, but what do they have to do with the Catholic Church—beyond a few priests who saw strange objects in 1949? U.F.O.s and faith both occupy a surreal space: the porous border region between the prosaic and the profound. Imagine a woman sees a glinting disc in the night sky. She first thinks it is a star, but then watches it bounce and bobble and speed into the distance. She might scratch her head and move on, but if she keeps thinking about that light, she must make a decision based on conjecture. Either she saw something entirely reasonable and typical—a plane, the planet Venus, a spotlight aimed at the sky—or she accepts that she has an unknown experience. And once she accepts the fragility of her perception, she opens the door to even more possibilities.
Thinking about U.F.O.s can be an exercise in theological speculation, a way to consider what might happen if the prosaic instantly became profound. Such speculation is healthy for Catholics, particularly because it can reveal how we might seek to neuter our faith of its mystery. In the same way that we might rush to explain a strange light in the sky, we might seek to explain God in purely rational and realistic terms—a theology of convenience. Because the church has hesitated to offer firm teachings on the existence of aliens, theologians and philosophers have filled that space with wonder. As early as the 14th century, the French priest John Buridan, in a response to Aristotle’s De Caelo (“On the Heavens”), wrote, “It must be realized that while another world than this is not possible naturally, this is possible simply speaking, since we hold from faith that just as God made this world, so he could make another or several worlds.” Father Buridan’s suggestion here is that all things earthly—and cosmically—are possible through God.
Astronomers have had to parry questions about aliens for years. Guy Consolmagno, S.J., the director of the Vatican Observatory, has tried to be firm with U.F.O. enthusiasts, writing on his personal website in 2013, “I do not know of any credible evidence at all that there has ever been contact of any form between extraterrestrial aliens and Earth. Period. I cannot imagine a circumstance where such contact could be kept secret for very long. And I say this, not only as an active astronomer for 40 years, but also as someone who knows lots of people in the SETI [Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence] community (who would love to have such evidence), and as someone who’s been an officer in the American Astronomical Society and in the International Astronomical Union. If there was something like this going on, we’d all be talking about it. There isn’t, and we aren’t.”
Michael Burke-Gaffney, S.J., a Canadian priest who is an astronomer and professor at St. Mary’s University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, had an extensive personal interest in U.F.O.s—even covertly investigating them for Canada’s National Research Council and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. In 1966, after the noted astronomer and ufologist J. Allen Hynek penned an infamous letter to Science magazine offering seven reasons why U.F.O.s merited scientific study, Father Burke-Gaffney responded with his own letter. He takes a more cautionary tone. Until we identify mysterious “atmospheric phenomena,” he asks, should not scientists strive “(i) to exhort people to have patience, and (ii) to remind them that, up to the present, U.F.O.s have furnished no evidence of extraterrestrial beings, and (iii) to point out that the existence of extraterrestrial little green men is no more firmly established than that of leprechauns?”
There is no official Vatican position on U.F.O.s and aliens, although in 2014 the Vatican Observatory co-hosted a conference on the subject with the University of Arizona’s Steward Observatory, called “The Search for Life Beyond the Solar System: Exoplanets, Biosignature and Instruments.” The next year, Pope Francis gave an interesting responseto a question about extraterrestrial life: “In every case I think that we should stick to what the scientists tell us, still aware that the Creator is infinitely greater than our knowledge.”
Of Skeptics and Sightings
George Coyne, S.J., was director of the Vatican Observatory from 1978 to 2006, when he retired to focus on teaching. He is known for examining the intersections between faith and science, earning him the respect of religion skeptics like Richard Dawkins and the late Stephen Hawking. Father Coyne told me he is “very skeptical of all U.F.O. sightings of which I am aware.” I asked him if extraterrestrials are worthy of serious theological or scientific inquiry, and he pointed me toward a paper he had written for the anthology Many Worlds: The New Universe, Extraterrestrial Life, and the Theological Implications.
Father Coyne’s essay, “The Evolution of Intelligent Life on Earth and Possibly Elsewhere: Reflections From a Religious Tradition,” offers a route forward. Father Coyne warns we should not study U.F.O.s in the hopes of somehow understanding the mysteries of God.
When we view God as “explanation” for the world, Father Coyne writes, using the “rational processes of science” in a manner not appropriate to their purpose—we ignore Scripture and tradition, which shows “God revealed himself as one who pours out himself in love and not as one who explains things.” Though science and faith intersect, we should not expect science to reveal a proof for faith. Perhaps, Father Coyne writes, we should look to the limitations of science and consider the “very nature of our emergence in an evolving universe and our inability to comprehend it, even with all that we know from cosmology, may be an indication that in the universe God may be communicating much more than information to us.”
“I do not know of any credible evidence at all that there has ever been contact of any form between extraterrestrial aliens and Earth. Period."
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In this conversation, U.F.O.s are too prosaic and tenuous to be of use. As for extraterrestrials, Father Coyne argues that theologians must consider that the idea of life elsewhere in the cosmos “strains [the] anthropocentric revelations of God to his people.” He asks good questions without easy answers: Did God also redeem extraterrestrials from their sin? Did Jesus give up his life for them so that they might also be saved?
Searching
Father Gregory Miller had been at Saints Peter and Paul since 1938. His brother Norbert was a priest at nearby St. Vincent Ferrer Church. A third brother, Cletus, was a longtime priest at a third Cincinnati-area parish, Annunciation Church.
Cletus was with Gregory at Saints Peter and Paul on Oct. 23, 1949. By that date, Sgt. Berger, the searchlight operator, had seen an object similar to the one seen on the night of the August carnival on two subsequent occasions, and he was back at the church with the two priests, as well as Sgt. Leo Davidson of the Norwood Police Department, Robert Linn, the managing editor of The Cincinnati Post, and Leo Hirtl, a columnist for that newspaper. According to Mr. Berger’s observation log (published by Leonard Stringfield, an Ohio U.F.O. researcher), the men saw the flying disc in the sky, and then saw two groups of five triangular objects coming out of the disc.
Mr. Hirtl was skeptical, claiming that they had seen geese that glowed in the light. Father Miller stood by his story, even getting into an argument years later with Mr. Hirtl on the Cincinnati TV station WCPO during a special program on “flying saucers.”
Father Cletus agreed with his brother. He described the smaller objects as shaped “like the apex of Indiana arrowheads.” At the time, Father Cletus was dean of the Institutum Divi Thomae—a unique graduate research institute established by the Archdiocese of Cincinnati. The research was directed by Dr. George Sperti, previously a director of the Basic Science Laboratory at the University of Cincinnati. Dr. Sperti, a Catholic, later told Cincinnati Magazine in a 1972 interview that one of the goals of the institute was to demonstrate that there is “no conflict between religion and science.”
Under the direction of Dr. Sperti and Father Miller, the institute was responsible for an interesting array of inventions. It developed Preparation H, Aspercreme, a tanning lamp, a meat tenderizer and even a method of freeze-drying orange juice—while working on their central goal of cancer research. U.F.O.s were not in their repertoire.
"The sightings near Cincinnati continued through the winter and into the spring."
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The sightings near Cincinnati continued through the winter and into the spring. One relatively consistent witness was William Winkler, who owned a printing company—but also was a “dabbler in things scientific,” according to The Cincinnati Post. “It’s not a flying saucer. Maybe it’s a base for flying saucers,” he conjectured. Mr. Winkler sent a letter about the sightings directly to General Vandenberg—the Air Force chief of staff—complaining about bungling F.B.I. agents and asking forgiveness for his handwritten letter (“My secretary has gone for the day.”).
At this time, Project Grudge, a precursor of Project Blue Book, had taken an interest in the Norwood sightings and sent a few members of their Office of Special Investigations to the parish. Those agents, along with two professors from the University of Cincinnati—D. A. Wells, from the physics department, and Paul Herget, from the astronomy department—were with Father Gregory Miller at the sighting on Dec. 20. Both scientists were dismissive, telling the Cincinnati Post that it was “an optical illusion” or an “illumination of gas in the atmosphere.” Mr. Herget explained, “We need an explanation to squash people’s fears.”
Mr. Herget might have said too much. The investigator Leonard Stringfield interviewed R. Ed Tepe, then-mayor of Norwood, who was also present at the Dec. 20 sighting. He explained that Mr. Wells was “there with camera and protractors and was in frequent ‘hush-hush’ with the Air Force investigators,” before calculating that the size of the disc “was approximated to be 10,000 feet in diameter.” In context, his comments sound like a cover-up.
“The last word is up to experimental science. There is nothing else to do for the theologians but wait.”
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Mr. Stringfield also claims that Father Miller had film of the object, taken during the sighting on Oct. 23 by Sgt. Davidson. The film was reportedly shown to a closed audience at the studios of WCPO in 1952 but, like so many other elements of the Norwood case, has since vanished.
According to David Clarke in his book How UFOs Conquered the World: The History of a Modern Myth, that same year Domenico Grasso, S.J., a Vatican theologian, said the Holy See had debated the existence of alien contact after the flurry of U.F.O. sightings, concluding: “The last word is up to experimental science. There is nothing else to do for the theologians but wait.”
Whatever the Miller brothers saw, it was attracted to that searchlight. That seems like too convenient a metaphor, but how else do we think about the unexplained? Between August 1949 and March 1950, a U.F.O. visited Saints Peter and Paul Church. That is all we know. The moment we identify it, it stops being a mystery.
In the months after the sighting ended, Father Miller was back to writing the archdiocese. A section of the school boilers needed to be replaced. They needed to renovate the pews, choir stalls and church throne. That November he hoped to raise money to resurface the blacktop on the school playgrounds and parking lot by holding a turkey raffle and bazaar. No searchlight was required.
This article also appeared in print, under the headline "Strange Encounters ," in the August 6, 2018 issue.
Did a Russian Made Missile Really Strike a New Israeli F-35 Stealth Fighter?
In any event, what’s most interesting about this story isn’t whether an F-35 was hit by a Russian missile. Like the existence of UFOs, the story may or not be true, but we need more than circumstantial evidence to give it any credence.
The interesting part is that the F-35 has become such a symbol of U.S. technological prowess—or incompetence—that any rumor that an F-35 has been damaged or shot down in combat will draw attention. Russia and its boosters will pounce on any suggestion that an F-35 has been hit, and no doubt the pro- F-35 crowd will counter those suggestions accordingly.
Did a Russian anti-aircraft missile hit one of Israel’s new F-35 stealth fighters?
Pro-Russian media are claiming that an Israeli F-35I was hit and damaged by a Russian-made S-200 surface-to-air missile during an Israeli air strike in Syria earlier this month. Israel says one of its F-35s was damaged—after colliding with a bird.
The story begins on October 16, when Israel announced that its aircraft had struck a Syrian SAM battery near Damascus that had fired two hours earlier on Israeli reconnaissance planes flying over Lebanon. The attack damaged the missile battery, and no Israeli aircraft were hit, according to Israel. Coincidentally or not, the incident happened the same day that Russia’s defense minister, Sergei Shoigu, arrived in Israel for talks with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Defense Minister Avigdor Lieberman.
Superpower in the Sky: Why Israel Wants F-35s and Deadly New F-15s
However, Southfront.org , a website that covers the Russian military and its intervention in the Syrian Civil War, suggested a different story. “According to the available information, the Syrian Defense Forces used a S-200 missile against the Israeli warplane,” Southfront claimed.
Southfront could not resist pointing out that a much-vaunted F-35 stealth fighter had been hit by a missile that dates back to the 1960s. “This Soviet-made missile is the most advanced long range anti-aircraft system operated by the Syrian military. Even in this case, it’s old-fashioned in terms of modern warfare.”
However, the evidence cited by Southfront seems rather tenuous. Hours after the Israeli military announced the strike on the Syrian missile battery, Israeli media reported that an Israeli F-35 had been damaged by a bird strike two weeks before (Google translationhere ). The plane reportedly landed safely, but the Israeli Air Force did admit that it wasn’t sure whether the plane will fly again. Israel has taken delivery of only seven F-35Is so far, with a total of fifty on order.
“The incident allegedly took place ‘two weeks ago’ but was publicly reported only on October 16,” Southfront noted. “However, Israeli sources were not able to show a photo of the F-35 warplane after the ‘bird collision.’”
Southfront didn’t explain why the Israeli Air Force would feel a need to release a photo of a damaged stealth aircraft. As U.S. defense website The Drive points out, the F-35 is just entering Israeli service now, and wouldn’t likely be flying missions over Syria just yet unless there was some kind of emergency (and Israel has plenty of F-15s and F-16s to handle those right now). Nor is it optimized for the kind of photographic reconnaissance missions that Israel flies over Lebanon.
As The Drive summed up rather neatly, “Although we cannot rule the possibility out entirely, as Freud would say—sometimes a bird strike is just a bird strike.”
In any event, what’s most interesting about this story isn’t whether an F-35 was hit by a Russian missile. Like the existence of UFOs, the story may or not be true, but we need more than circumstantial evidence to give it any credence.
No, the interesting part is that the F-35 has become such a symbol of U.S. technological prowess—or incompetence—that any rumor that an F-35 has been damaged or shot down in combat will draw attention. Russia and its boosters will pounce on any suggestion that an F-35 has been hit, and no doubt the pro- F-35 crowd will counter those suggestions accordingly.
Already there are reports—again, just reports—that Israeli F-35s have flown combat missions. Given that the U.S. and Israeli air forces are among the most active in the world, sooner or later the F-35 will really, truly see combat. But the rumors are out there now.
This is just the beginning.
Michael Peck is a contributing writer for the National Interest . He can be found on Twitterand Facebook.
Le samedi 28 juillet 2018, dans la soirée, plusieurs habitants de la ville de Belfort ont observé un étrange OVNI dans le ciel. L’un des témoins a réussi à le filmer.
Ce mystérieux objet volant non identifié, de forme rectangulaire, était complètement stationnaire. Il aurait été visible pendant un peu plus d’une demi-heure. En analysant les images prises, on remarque qu’il ne s’agissait visiblement pas d’une montgolfière, d’un cerf-volant, d’un ballon ou encore d’un hélicoptère.
Cet engin noir émettait un halo lumineux de couleur orange. Les lumières de l’OVNI ont changé de couleurs peu avant qu’il ne se volatilise soudainement.
Certains ont imaginé qu’il pourrait s’agir d’un drone sophistiqué ou encore d’un prototype d’avion solaire, comme l’a suggéré l’un des témoins.
Certains internautes ont commenté :
« Il y a, effectivement, une espèce de cerf-volant en statique, depuis déjà longtemps, accroché à un câble, au dessus du secteur des services de l’ APRR et de la gendarmerie de l’autoroute, vers l’échangeur de Bessoncourt.
Ceci-dit, je peux témoigner que les phénomènes inexplicables appelés “OVNI” ne sont pas une légende, ayant été personnellement témoin d’une telle apparition dans les années 70. J’en avais d’ailleurs fait un rapport détaillé au GEIPAN, qui m’a répondu que, malheureusement, il ne pouvait le prendre en compte du fait que cette observation avait été effectuée à l’étranger; car cet organisme officiel n’étudie que les phénomènes observés au dessus du territoire national », explique Arioviste.
Aurélie V. raconte avoir déjà observé ce possible OVNI :
« Ce n’est pas la première fois !
Nous l’avions déjà vu de notre terrasse plusieurs fois en soirée en juillet. Il semblerai qu’il soit relié au sol car on voit des câbles de loin.. »
In space, dust comes from comets and exploding stars. It can form planetary rings, drive global weather patterns and even form the seeds of new planets.
To most of us, dust is something to be cleaned up, washed off or wiped away. But the tiny particles that float about and settle on surfaces play an important role in a variety of processes on Earth and across the solar system. So put away that feather duster for a few moments, as we share with you 10 things to know about dust.
1. Dust doesn’t mean dirty, it means tiny
Not all of what we call “dust” is made of the same stuff. Dust in your home generally consists of things like particles of sand and soil, pollen, dander (dead skin cells), pet hair, furniture fibers and cosmetics. But in space, dust can refer to any sort of fine particles smaller than a grain of sand. Dust is most commonly bits of rock or carbon-rich, soot-like grains, but in the outer solar system, far from the sun’s warmth, it’s also common to find tiny grains of ice as well. Galaxies, including our Milky Way, contain giant clouds of fine dust that are light-yearsacross – the ingredients for future generations of planetary systems like ours.
Dramatic plumes, both large and small, spray water ice particles and vapor along the famed “tiger stripes” near the south pole of Saturn’s moon Enceladus. Image via NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute.
2. Some are big, some are small (and big ones tend to fall)
Dust grains come in a range of sizes, which affects their properties. Particles can be extremely tiny, from only a few tens of nanometers (mere billionths of a meter) wide, to nearly a millimeter wide. As you might expect, smaller dust grains are more easily lifted and pushed around, be it by winds or magnetic, electrical and gravitational forces. Even the gentle pressure of sunlight is enough to move smaller dust particles in space. Bigger particles tend to be heavier, and they settle out more easily under the influence of gravity.
For example, on Earth, powerful winds can whip up large amounts of dust into the atmosphere. While the smaller grains can be transported over great distances, the heavier particles generally sink back to the ground near their source. On Saturn’s moon Enceladus, jets of icy dust particles spray hundreds of miles up from the surface; the bigger particles are lofted only a few tens of miles (or kilometers) and fall back to the ground, while the finest particles escape the moon’s gravity and go into orbit around Saturn to create the planet’s E ring.
Dust in the spiral galaxy M74 appears red in this image from NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope. Data from Spitzer provided evidence that supernovae – the explosive deaths of massive stars – act as “dust factories,” seeding galaxies with cosmic dust particles. Image viaNASA/JPL-Caltech/STScI.
3. It’s EVERYWHERE
Generally speaking, the space between the planets is pretty empty, but not completely so. Particles cast off by comets and ground-up bits of asteroids are found throughout the solar system. Take any volume of space half a mile (1 kilometer) on a side, and you’d average a few micron-sized particles (grains the thickness of a red blood cell).
Dust in the solar system was a lot more abundant in the past. There was a huge amount of it present as the planets began to coalesce out of the disk of material that formed the sun. In fact, motes of dust gently sticking together were likely some of the earliest seeds of the planet-building process. But where did all that dust come from, originally? Some of it comes from stars like our sun, which blow off their outer layers in their later years. But lots of it also comes from exploding stars, which blast huge amounts of dust and gas into space when they go boom.
This mosaic of images from NASA’s Galileo spacecraft shows Jupiter’s ring system, which was only discovered after spacecraft had flown past the planet and could see the rings backlit by the sun. Image via NASA/JPL-Caltech/Cornell University.
4. From a certain point of view
Dust is easier to see from certain viewing angles. Tiny particles scatter light depending on how big their grains are. Larger particles tend to scatter light back in the direction from which it came, while very tiny particles tend to scatter light forward, more or less in the direction it was already going. Because of this property, structures like planetary rings made of the finest dusty particles are best viewed with the sun illuminating them from behind. For example, Jupiter’s rings were only discovered after the Voyager 1 spacecraft passed by the planet, where it could look back and see them backlit by the sun. You can see the same effect looking through a dusty windshield at sunset; when you face toward the sun, the dust becomes much more apparent.
Side-by-side movies show how dust enveloped the red planet in 2018, courtesy of NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. Image via NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS.
5. Dust storms are common on Mars
Local dust storms occur frequently on Mars, and occasionally grow or merge to form regional systems, particularly during the southern spring and summer, when Mars is closest to the sun. On rare occasions, regional storms produce a dust haze that encircles the planet and obscures surface features beneath. A few of these events may become truly global storms, such as one in 1971 that greeted the first spacecraft to orbit Mars, NASA’s Mariner 9. In mid-2018, a global dust storm enshrouded Mars, hiding much of the red planet’s surface from view and threatening the continued operation of NASA’s uber-long-lived Opportunity rover. We’ve also seen global dust storms in 1977, 1982, 1994, 2001 and 2007.
Dust storms will likely present challenges for future astronauts on the red planet. Although the force of the wind on Mars is not as strong as portrayed in an early scene in the movie “The Martian,” dust lofted during storms could affect electronics and health, as well as the availability of solar energy.
Sarharan dust is carried by winds to South America, where it helps fertilize the Amazon. Via NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.
6. Dust from the Sahara goes global
Earth’s largest, hottest desert is connected to its largest tropical rain forest by dust. The Sahara Desert is a near-uninterrupted brown band of sand and scrub across the northern third of Africa. The Amazon rain forest is a dense green mass of humid jungle that covers northeast South America. But after strong winds sweep across the Sahara, a dusty cloud rises in the air, stretches between the continents, and ties together the desert and the jungle.
This trans-continental journey of dust is important because of what is in the dust – specifically, the dust picked up from the Bodélé Depression in Chad – an ancient lake bed where minerals composed of dead microorganisms are loaded with phosphorus. Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for plant proteins and growth, which the nutrient-poor Amazon rain forest depends on in order to flourish.
Saturn’s icy rings, backlit by the sun. The outer, bluish looking ring is composed entirely of icy dust particles sprayed into space by the moon Enceladus. Image via NASA/JPL-Caltech/SSI.
7. Rings and things
The rings of the giant planets contain a variety of different dusty materials. Jupiter’s rings are made of fine rock dust. Saturn’s rings are mostly pure water ice, with a sprinkling of other materials. (Side note about Saturn’s rings: While most of the particles are boulder-sized, there’s also lots of fine dust, and some of the fainter rings are mostly dust with few or no large particles.) Dust in the rings of Uranus and Neptune is made of dark, sooty material, probably rich in carbon.
Over time, dust gets removed from ring systems due to a variety of processes. For example, some of the dust falls into the planet’s atmosphere, while some gets swept up by the planets’ magnetic fields, and other dust settles onto the surfaces of the moons and other ring particles. Larger particles eventually form new moons or get ground down and mixed with incoming material. This means rings can change a lot over time, so understanding how the tiniest ring particles are being moved about has a bearing on the history, origins and future of the rings
Dark moon dust clings to the spacesuit of Apollo 17 astronaut Gene Cernan following an excursion on the lunar surface. Image via NASA.
8. Moon dust is clingy and might make you sick
So, dust is kind of a thing on the moon. When the Apollo astronauts visited the Moon, they found that lunar dust quickly coated their spacesuits and was difficult to remove. It was quite abrasive, causing wear on their spacesuit fabrics, seals and faceplates. It also clogged mechanisms like the joints in spacesuit limbs, and interfered with fasteners like zippers and Velcro. The astronauts also noted that it had a distinctive, pungent odor, not unlike gunpowder, and it was an eye and lung irritant.
Many of these properties apparently can be explained by the fact that lunar dust particles are quite rough and jagged. While dust particles on Earth get tumbled and ground by the wind into smoother shapes, this sort of weathering doesn’t happen so much on the moon. The roughness of moon dust grains makes it very easy for them to cling to surfaces and scratch them up. It also means they’re not the sort of thing you would want to inhale, as their jagged edges could damage delicate tissues in the lung.
Hubble Space Telescope image of comet ISON, taken in 2013. Image via NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA).
9. Dust is what makes comets so pretty
Most comets are basically clods of dust, rock and ice. They spend most of their time far from the sun, out in the refrigerated depths of the outer solar system, where they’re peacefully dormant. But when their orbits carry them closer to the sun – that is, roughly inside the orbit of Jupiter – comets wake up. In response to warming temperatures, the ices on and near their surfaces begin to turn into gases, expanding outward and away from the comet, and creating focused jets of material in places. Dust gets carried away by this rapidly expanding gas, creating a fuzzy cloud around the comet’s nucleus called a coma. Some of the dust also is drawn out into a long trail – the comet’s tail.
Dust in our solar system is continually replenished by comets whizzing past the sun and the occasional asteroid collision, and it’s always being moved about, thanks to a variety of factors like the gravity of the planets and even the pressure of sunlight. Some of it even gets ejected from our solar system altogether.
With telescopes, we also observe dusty debris disks around many other stars. As in our own system, the dust in such disks should evolve over time, settling on planetary surfaces or being ejected, and this means the dust must be replenished in those star systems as well. So studying the dust in our planetary environs can tell us about other systems, and vice versa. Grains of dust from other planetary systems also pass through our neighborhood – a few spacecraft have actually captured and analyzed some them – offering us a tangible way to study material from other stars.
Bottom line:Ten facts about dust in space and on earth.
SCIENTISTS have made an incredible discovery about the 4000-year-old Great Pyramid of Giza which could help boost renewable energy in the current day.
Scientists from Russia have discovered that Egypt’s largest pyramid can trap electric and magnetic energy into its chambers to spark higher levels of energy.
Researchers from ITMO University in Russia and the Laser Zentrum Hannover found that the 150-metre structure is capable of creating pockets of higher energy in its inner rooms and at its base, reports The Sun.
Scientists have discovered that the pyramid can trap electric and magnetic energy into its chambers to spark higher levels of energy.
Picture: AFPSource:AFP
The research group plans to use the results to design nanoparticles, which will be used to develop sensors and highly efficient solar cells, reports The Journal of Applied Physics.
Dr Andrey Evlyukhin, scientific supervisor and co-ordinator of the study, said: “Egyptian pyramids have always attracted great attention.
“We as scientists were interested in them as well, so we decided to look at the Great Pyramid as a particle dissipating radio waves resonantly.
More than 4000 years after they were built, the Pyramids are still helping us today.
Picture: APSource:AP
“Due to the lack of information about the physical properties of the pyramid, we had to use some assumptions.
“For example, we assumed that there are no unknown cavities inside, and the building material with the properties of an ordinary limestone is evenly distributed in and out of the pyramid.
“With these assumptions made, we obtained interesting results that can find important practical applications.”
Scientists also found a hidden chamber in Egypt's Great Pyramid of Giza in 2017.
Picture: SuppliedSource:Supplied
Researchers modelled the distribution of electromagnetic fields inside the pyramid while studying the interactions of electrical waves.
Scientists have deduced that the pyramid concentrates this electromagnetic energy in its hidden chambers, which includes rooms containing the remains of Pharoah Khufu and his wife.
There is also a third, unfinished chamber beneath the base of the huge structure.
And the team’s analysis shows that the powerful pyramid concentrates electromagnetic energy in its internal chambers.
These hidden rooms include the chamber holding the mummified body of Pharaoh Khufu — who the iconic monument was built for — and another built for his wife.
The Great Pyramid of Giza is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza pyramid complex bordering what is now El Giza, Egypt.
Picture: iStockSource:istock
But scientists believe the unusual discovery about the electromagnetic energy in the pyramid are just a coincidence.
They believe it is highly unlikely Ancient Egyptians knew anything about the science behind it and would not have built it in this way deliberately.
The pyramid took 20 years to build using around 100,000 slaves.
Scientists now plan to use the incredible discovery on a much smaller scale, which could create effective solar cells.
The higher energy can be used to develop extremely sensitive solar cells or even tiny sensors.
Récemment, deux mystérieux éclairs lumineux ont éclaté sur le côté obscur de la Lune. Quelle est l’origine de ces lumières non identifiées ? Sont-elles d’origine extraterrestre ?
Ces phénomènes bizarres ont été observés à partir de la Terre par le Système de Détection et d’Analyse des Impacts sur la Lune (« Moon Impacts Detection and Analysis System » ou « MIDAS ») les nuits du 17 juillet et du 18 juillet 2018.
Les observatoires MIDAS en Espagne scrutent quotidiennement la surface de la Lune à la recherche d’impacts d’astéroïdes et de météores.
Un communiqué de l’Agence spatiale européenne (ESA) a révélé que des flashs avaient été enregistrés à exactement 24 heures d’intervalle, « comme si l’un était à la recherche » de l’autre.
Des photographies détaillées de la surface cahoteuse de la Lune, capturées par des caméras CCD à haute sensibilité, montrent le moment exact de l’impact.
Mais cette vidéo pourrait-elle être la preuve que les chasseurs d’OVNI ont besoin pour finalement régler le débat sur l’existence ou non de visiteurs extraterrestres sur Terre ?
Il est extrêmement improbable que les photos lunaires aient quelque chose à voir avec les extraterrestres, mais MIDAS et l’ESA sont d’accord pour dire que les flashs étaient d’origine extraterrestre.
L’ESA a déclaré : « Le 17 juillet 2018, un ancien morceau provenant de l’espace a été projeté sur la Lune avec assez d’énergie pour produire un éclair de lumière brillant. »
« Un autre rocher était apparemment à sa poursuite puisqu’un deuxième éclair a illuminé une région différente de la Lune presque exactement 24 heures plus tard. »
Malgré la force de l’impact, les estimations actuelles suggèrent que les impacteurs étrangers n’étaient pas plus gros qu’une noix de taille moyenne.
Les roches spatiales de cette taille, appelées météoroïdes, sont généralement des vestiges d’astéroïdes plus gros et de comètes qui dérivent sans but dans l’espace.
Les météoroïdes clignotants en question provenaient vraisemblablement de la traînée poussiéreuse laissée dans le sillage de la comète lors de la pluie de météores Alpha Capricornides.
Cette pluie de météores commence généralement le 15 juillet et se poursuit jusqu’à la mi-août.
L’agence européenne a déclaré : « Depuis au moins mille ans, les gens ont affirmé être témoins de phénomènes de courte durée présents sur la face de la Lune. »
« Par définition, ces éclairs transitoires sont difficiles à étudier, et déterminer leur cause reste un défi. »
Trois observatoires astronomiques en Espagne scrutent la Lune à la recherche de ces éclairs transitoires pour le compte du projet MIDAS.
Les observatoires utilisent de puissants télescopes et des caméras CCD pour détecter et identifier les différents impacts qui agitent la Lune.
Jose Maria Madiedo, du MIDAS, a déclaré qu’une meilleure compréhension de ces impacts lunaires pourrait aider à mieux protéger la Terre contre des dangers similaires.
L’expert spatial a déclaré : « En étudiant les météoroïdes sur la Lune, nous pouvons déterminer combien de roches l’impactent et à quelle fréquence, et à partir de là, nous pouvons déduire les chances d’impact sur Terre. »
Cette explication scientifique paraît parfaitement plausible. Toutefois, la possibilité d’OVNI ne devrait pas être écartée. Dans ce genre de cas, il est nécessaire de garder l’esprit ouvert.
It’s one thing to send an astronaut to Mars to be an extraterrestrial tourist for a few hours. But if humanity wants to actually colonize our neighboring planets, we’re going to need more than rockets: We’ll need the tools to construct actual buildings.
For the last five years, a lean internal team of engineers at the Kennedy Space Center has taken a different approach to solving big problems–NASA’s literal and metaphorical moonshots. It’s called the Swamp Works lab, and its members experiment and take risks in the hopes of accelerating research and making bigger breakthroughs.
One of the problems Swamp Works has set its sights on? How to build on other planets.
[Image: NASA/Autodesk]
The problem sounds simple: It’s far too expensive to transport heavy, cumbersome building materials to space, and it’s not practical for humans to spend the time and energy on construction in a harsh environment. So Swamp Works’ engineers are designing robots that use local materials–like regolith, a crushed rock that’s plentiful on both the Moon and Mars–to build structures that can withstand extreme environments, micrometeorites, and radiation from the sun.
This week, Swamp Works shared details of how it’s using a combination of regolith and plastic polymer to 3D print its first large-scale construction prototype. But rather than printing a Martian structure, the group printed a Jersey barrier, the type of barricade you probably see on the side of the highway every day. Here on Earth, these barriers need to be able to withstand the impact of a car hurtling into them–which makes them the perfect test case for the atmospheric pressure that extraterrestrial architecture will need to endure.
[Image: NASA/Autodesk]Jersey barriers have an internal structure that looks almost like a honeycomb, making them a challenge to print using Swamp Works’ polymer material, since horizontal shapes tend to fall apart before they can harden into place. To make it work, the lab partnered with engineers from Autodesk’s Advanced Consulting team, which helped refine the manufacturing process so that Swamp Works’ automated 3D-printing robots could replicate the complicated lateral shapes found inside jersey barriers.
If you’re printing a building on another planet, you can’t afford any defects, so Autodesk designed specialized software that could correct the robot’s mistakes as it went, ensuring that the structures it builds will be completely functional and reliable. Swamp Works and NASA estimate that they might be able to put a prototype structure on either Mars or the moon in about five years, with a full-scale launch in about 10 years–assuming they can get the funding.
But figuring out how to construct extraterrestrial architecture is only half the battle. As the lab works on its own prototypes, it’s also soliciting ideas through a three-phase design competition. Just last week, the team announced the five finalists for the third stage of NASA’s 3D-Printed Habitat Challenge, through which teams of engineers proposed designs that could feasibly be 3D printed using local materials.
One concept, called Zopherus, proposes that all the 3D printing occurs inside a rocket sitting on the Martain surface. When it’s completed, the lander picks itself up and moves to another spot before beginning the process all over again. Another proposal, called Marsha, envisions the buildings as vertical cylinders since the shape can be more effectively pressurized with oxygen–plus, it provides the greatest usable floor space. While these are only concepts, all five teams will now design a custom 3D printer that can build a scale prototype of their concept by spring of 2019–and the winner will take home $2 million.
All of this research also has implications on Earth. NASA has already partnered with the U.S. Army to experiment with using polymers from trash combined with local rock to create building material. For Autodesk, refining its software to suit NASA’s specifications has other benefits: The company hopes to use a material made of recycled PET bottles and regolith in industrial construction–and even home construction.
Here on Earth, Swamp Works is using recycled plastic in its prototypes. But on other planets, the plastic may come from other, more efficient sources–like thermoplastic synthesized from carbon on Mars’s surface, or polylactic acid from corn grown in greenhouses on the planet. While we have too much plastic on Earth, NASA will have to harvest its own on Mars.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Katharine Schwab is an associate editor based in New York who covers technology, design, and culture.
NASA is ready to go where no spacecraft has gone before. Some space fans may already know that the Parker Solar Probe, which is set to come within 4 million miles of the surface of the sun, was supposed to launch July 31. Now, the Parker Solar Probe is scheduled for liftoff next week, which makes now as good a time as any to learn everything there is to know about this extraordinary spacecraft.
The Parker Solar Probe is supposed to become the first spacecraft to enter the sun’s corona, or its outer atmosphere. NASA is calling it “a mission 60 years in the making,” and the historic journey is one you won’t want to miss.
NASA to launch most daring mission to study the sun
What Is the Parker Solar Probe and When Will It Launch?
The solar probe is a spacecraft that is scheduled to “swoop closer to the Sun’s surface than any spacecraft before.” It has a 4.5-inch-thick (11.43 cm) carbon-composite shield to protect it from the Sun’s extreme heat and will include solar array wings, a high-gain antenna, and other components that NASA added to give the spacecraft the best possible chance of success.
As of Wednesday, August 1, the solar probe has a 45-minute launch window on August 11. However, NASA lists a launch window of August 11 to August 19 on the Parker Solar Probe website. Previously, it was scheduled to launch on July 31, then no earlier than August 4.
However, more time was reportedly needed to accommodatemore software testing of spacecraft systems. Spaceflight Nowalso reported July 20 that NASA said it needed more time to look at the “configuration of a cable clamp on the payload fairing.”
At the very least, launch rehearsals are scheduled for the next week-and-a-half, according to Andrew Driesman, the Parker Solar Probe’s project manager at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, who spoke with Spaceflight Now.
With all these instances of the launch date moving, it’s a good idea to be cautiously optimistic about it happening August 11. It wouldn’t hurt to give NASA a little bit of wiggle room on the exact day coming up in the next few weeks.
What Will the Parker Solar Probe Do?
The Parker Solar Probe will travel almost seven times closer to the sun than any spacecraft that has come before. NASA wants to get close to it to better predict space weather effects on Earth and on all of us fragile Earthlings.
When it moves towards the sun, the Parker Solar Probe will race through space at 430,000 miles per hour, becoming the fastest man-made object in the solar system. It will also provide humanity with the first samplings of a star’s corona ever, NASA reports.
Over the course of a seven-year mission, NASA says, the Parker Solar Probe spacecraft will make 24 orbits of the sun.
The Parker Solar Probe has now cleared final procedures before being moved to the launch pad, NASA reports. The agency is closer than ever before to “touching” the sun, and as long as all goes according to plan, this historic spacecraft will head toward our heavens on August 11.
Elon Musk is not giving up on his dream of transforming Mars into humanity’s second home. The SpaceX CEO has been debating over Twitter this week about whether the red planet has the right resources to support an Earth-like atmosphere. A new study claims there isn’t enough carbon dioxide available to support the plan, but Musk points to evidence that humans could release sufficient gases from the Martian soil using the right technology
The debate started on Monday, when a study published in the journal Nature Astronomy explored two approaches to terraforming Mars. The first is to create an atmosphere sufficient for supporting liquid water on Mars’ surface, meaning humans could freely walk around and breathe the air, while the second involves raising the planet’s atmospheric pressure so humans will only need to use a small breathing apparatus rather than the bulky spacesuits of today. The researchers, Bruce Jakosky of the University of Colorado Boulder and Christopher S. Edwards of Northern Arizona University, found that the planet doesn’t have enough carbon dioxide to support either plan, as Mars only holds enough carbon dioxide to create around 15 millibars of atmospheric pressure. Destroying Martian sedimentary rocks would only release around 12 millibars. For comparison, Earth’s atmosphere reaches 1,000 millibars at sea level.
Musk disputed the findings, which were reported in Discover Magazine.
There’s a massive amount of CO2 on Mars adsorbed into soil that’d be released upon heating. With enough energy via artificial or natural (sun) fusion, you can terraform almost any large, rocky body.
Musk’s goal is to transform humanity into a “multi-planetary species.” While SpaceX plans to send humans to Mars as soon as 2024, the long-term goal is to set up a permanent Mars base that could eventually span out into a city. His June 2017 article in the journal New Space claimed Mars is a better candidate for colonization than the moon because it has an atmosphere, more natural resources, and a 24.5-hour day compared to the moon’s 28-day day. At the International Astronautical Congress in Adelaide, Australia, last September, Musk showed an artist’s impression of how this city may look.
A Mars city.
This is just the beginning, though. Musk wants to move away from small extraterrestrial bases and instead toward humans as a star-hopping species. In June 2017, he wrote that “there are really two fundamental paths … One path is we stay on Earth forever, and then there will be some eventual extinction event. I do not have an immediate doomsday prophecy, but eventually, history suggests, there will be some doomsday event. The alternative is to become a space-bearing civilization and a multi-planetary species, which I hope you would agree is the right way to go.”
Musk has spoken before about how he could transform Mars into a livable planet. He told TV host Stephen Colbert in September 2015 that humans could fire nuclear weapons at Mars to melt the frozen stores of carbon dioxide, inducing a rapid climate change to benefit humans. Another, suggested the following month, is to create “tiny pulsing suns over the poles [that are] above the planet, not on the planet.” These would “gasify frozen carbon dioxide, thicken the atmosphere and warm up the water and all of that would have a greenhouse effect, a cascading effect, to continue warming up the planet.”
The magazine responded by speaking to Jakosky and Edwards about their research. The pair admitted Musk is right, Mars does contain adsorbed carbon dioxide, but Jakosky could only conceive of two methods for releasing the gases. The first would be to release chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs, to induce rapid climate change, while the other would involve using a mirror as big as the day side of Mars to warm it up quickly. Both of these ideas are centuries away, and even then it’s unclear whether Martian rock adsorbs gas as efficiently as Earth rock. While a favorable ecosystem and warm temperatures encourage gas adsorption on Earth, NASA’s Curiosity rover has found few signs of rocks with carbonates.
Musk responded by citing a 1993 paper, written by Robert M. Zubrin of Martin Marietta Astronautics and Christopher P. McKay of the NASA Ames Research Center, which claims that humans could indeed use today’s technology to transform the planet and develop a suitable atmosphere. People would need to use a breathing apparatus, but they could ditch the pressure suits and walk around freely. The paper describes this dramatic project, which would require multi-terawatt power sources, as “a leap in human power over nature as dramatic as that which accompanied the creation of post-Renaissance industrial civilization.”
“There is positive feedback- we warm Mars a few degrees C with CF4. this will cause CO2 to outgas from the soil,” Zubrin wrote in support of Musk on Twitter. “That will warm Mars more, releasing more CO2, resulting in a runaway greenhouse effect. Contrary to Jakowsky, the required CO2 is almost certainly there. If the soil contains one percent adsorbed CO2 by wt, it will contain enough CO2 in the top 200 m to give Mars a 300 mb (5 psi) atmosphere - same pressure as Skylab - or Mt Everest. No need for spacesuits on such a Mars.”
Do you have reason to suspect that the figures in the recent paper for total adsorbed CO2 are wrong? If they are accurate than the CO2 level required to kick in the positive feedback is just about the total CO2 present at all.
Robert Zubrin@robert_zubrin
Yes. the Jakowski paper is nonsense. He identifies 400 mb worth of CO2 reservoirs, and then rounds off the total to 20 mb. Quiz: What is $100 + $150 + $50 +$50 +$25 +$25? Jakowski’s math says the sum is $20. What is your answer? Here is mine.
Zubrin also criticized Jakowsky for claiming in the ‘90s that there was no ice at mid-latitudes on Mars, a claim disputed by scientists as they discover further potential stores of water over the coming years. Zubrin claims that, as with his ice claims, Jakowsky has no data to assert that Mars does not have enough carbon dioxide.
Robert Zubrin@robert_zubrin
@elonmusk@DiscoverMag Jakowski claims 40 mb of CO2 in #Mars soil. But if there is 1% CO2 by wt in soil, there will be 300 mb in the top 200 m. Has Jakowski (or anyone) drilled the Martian regolith to determine its subsurface CO2 content? No. If we don’t go, we won’t know.
As for when this could take place if Musk and Zubrin are correct? Zubrin estimates that it would take around 100 years for heat to penetrate Mars to 40 meters’ depth, and a further 500 years to reach 100 meters’ depth.
Als het klopt wat wetenschappers beweren in het vakblad ‘Doklady Biological Sciences’, zijn deze wormen maar liefst 41.700 jaar oud. Het gaat om twee geslachten, de zogeheten Plectus en de Panagrolaimus, die in de Siberische permafrost verbleven en bijna 42.000 jaar geleden aan een winterslaapje begonnen. Tienduizenden jaren hebben ze in een ijslaag overleefd. Onderzoekers die bodemmonsters verzamelden, vonden de dieren. In het laboratorium werden de wormen in een petrischaaltje tot een temperatuur van 20 graden Celsius opgewarmd. Na enkele weken kwam er beweging in: de rondwormen, allebei vrouwelijk, kropen rond en gingen weer eten. Het zou gaan om ’s wereld oudste levende dieren.
“Rondwormen kunnen heel goed tegen bevriezing”, zegt nematoloog Wim Bert (UGent). “Dat fenomeen is natuurlijk al veel langer bekend. Ik doe het zelf ook voor practicalessen. Vooral de lange duur is hier opvallend. Er wordt nu snel gesproken over het opnieuw tot leven wekken van andere, grotere dieren of het invriezen van mensen, maar op dat vlak heb je weinig aan de rondwormen. De wormen hebben geen hersenen. Die invriezen en weer tot leven brengen, is veel moeilijker en ligt nog ver weg.” (DM)
As you might guess, FRBs are milliseconds-long bursts of radio emissions that come from some unknown source across the universe. They're one of the newer cosmic mysteries around, having been first detected only about a decade ago. Possible explanations include bursts from magnetars, exploding black holes, and yes, highly advanced alien civilizations.
CHIME has been operating for less than a year and is designed to gather data on FRBs and other unanswered questions in astrophysics. The detection of FRB 180725A is very preliminary at this point. It was announced in an online "Astronomer's Telegram" post intended to encourage other astronomers "to search for repeated bursts at all wavelengths."
The announcement also notes that additional FRBs have been found in the past week at frequencies as low as 400 MHz and early indications suggest they aren't coming from known sources on Earth.
It's early days for both the study of FRBs and this FRB in particular. CHIME and other observatories will be keeping an ear to the sky for more clues to help solve the mystery.
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Nieuwe telescoop pikt mysterieus signaal op uit de ruimte. Aliens of iets anders?
De nieuwe Canadese radiotelescoop CHIME heeft op 25 juli een mysterieus signaal uit de ruimte opgepikt. Het gaat om een zogeheten snelle radioflits, genaamd FRB 180725A.
Dergelijke radioflitsen zijn afkomstig van een onbekende bron in het universum. De eerste werd ongeveer 10 jaar geleden ontdekt.
Het fenomeen is met mysterie omgeven. Mogelijke verklaringen variëren van magnetars tot exploderende zwarte gaten en hoogontwikkelde buitenaardse beschavingen.
Opgeroepen
De radiotelescoop, die vorig jaar in gebruik werd genomen, is speciaal ontwikkeld om onder meer gegevens over radioflitsen te verzamelen.
De nieuwe radioflits werd aangekondigd in een bericht op The Astronomer’s Telegram, waarin andere astronomen werden opgeroepen om te kijken of het signaal zich herhaalde.
In het bericht werd verder opgemerkt dat snelle radioflitsen in het verleden zijn waargenomen bij frequenties rond 400 MHz en dat er sterke aanwijzingen zijn dat ze niet afkomstig zijn van bronnen op aarde.
Enorm krachtig
Tot dusver is slechts één snelle radioflits ontdekt die zich herhaalt. Onderzoekers zeggen dat de bron van dit signaal enorm krachtig moet zijn.
CHIME en andere radiotelescopen blijven de hemel afspeuren in een poging het mysterie rond dit fenomeen te ontrafelen.
Meer van UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES