Mysterious 'blue blobs' reveal a new kind of star system

by Mikayla Mace Kelle for UA News
Tucson AZ (SPX) 

UArizona astronomers have identified a new class of star system. The collection of mostly young blue stars are seen here using the Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys.

University of Arizona astronomers have identified five examples of a new class of stellar system. They're not quite galaxies and only exist in isolation.

The new stellar systems contain only young, blue stars, which are distributed in an irregular pattern and seem to exist in surprising isolation from any potential parent galaxy.

The stellar systems - which astronomers say appear through a telescope as "blue blobs" and are about the size of tiny dwarf galaxies - are located within the relatively nearby Virgo galaxy cluster. The five systems are separated from any potential parent galaxies by over 300,000 light years in some cases, making it challenging to identify their origins.

The astronomers found the new systems after another research group, led by the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy's Elizabeth Adams, compiled a catalog of nearby gas clouds, providing a list of potential sites of new galaxies. Once that catalog was published, several research groups, including one led by UArizona associate astronomy professor David Sand, started looking for stars that could be associated with those gas clouds.

The gas clouds were thought to be associated with our own galaxy, and most of them probably are, but when the first collection of stars, called SECCO1, was discovered, astronomers realized that it was not near the Milky Way at all, but rather in the Virgo cluster, which is much farther away but still very nearby in the scale of the universe.

SECCO1 was one of the very unusual "blue blobs," said Michael Jones, a postdoctoral fellow in the UArizona Steward Observatory and lead author of a study that describes the new stellar systems. Jones presented the findings, which Sand co-authored, during the 240th American Astronomical Society meeting in Pasadena, California, Wednesday.

"It's a lesson in the unexpected," Jones said. "When you're looking for things, you're not necessarily going to find the thing you're looking for, but you might find something else very interesting."

The team obtained their observations from the Hubble Space Telescope, the Very Large Array telescope in New Mexico and the Very Large Telescope in Chile. Study co-author Michele Bellazzini, with the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy, led the analysis of the data from Very Large Telescope and has submitted a companion paper focusing on that data.

Together, the team learned that most of the stars in each system are very blue and very young and that they contain very little atomic hydrogen gas. This is significant because star formation begins with atomic hydrogen gas, which eventually evolves into dense clouds of molecular hydrogen gas before forming into stars.

"We observed that most of the systems lack atomic gas, but that doesn't mean there isn't molecular gas," Jones said. "In fact, there must be some molecular gas because they are still forming stars. The existence of mostly young stars and little gas signals that these systems must have lost their gas recently."

The combination of blue stars and lack of gas was unexpected, as was a lack of older stars in the systems. Most galaxies have older stars, which astronomers refer to as being "red and dead."

"Stars that are born red are lower mass and therefore live longer than blue stars, which burn fast and die young, so old red stars are usually the last ones left living," Jones said. "And they're dead because they don't have any more gas with which to form new stars. These blue stars are like an oasis in the desert, basically."

The fact that the new stellar systems are abundant in metals hints at how they might have formed.

"To astronomers, metals are any element heavier than helium," Jones said. "This tells us that these stellar systems formed from gas that was stripped from a big galaxy, because how metals are built up is by many repeated episodes of star formation, and you only really get that in a big galaxy."

There are two main ways gas can be stripped from a galaxy. The first is tidal stripping, which occurs when two big galaxies pass by each other and gravitationally tear away gas and stars.

The other is what's known as ram pressure stripping.

"This is like if you belly flop into a swimming pool," Jones said. "When a galaxy belly flops into a cluster that is full of hot gas, then its gas gets forced out behind it. That's the mechanism that we think we're seeing here to create these objects."

The team prefers the ram pressure stripping explanation because in order for the blue blobs to have become as isolated as they are, they must have been moving very quickly, and the speed of tidal stripping is low compared to ram pressure stripping.

Astronomers expect that one day these systems will eventually split off into individual clusters of stars and spread out across the larger galaxy cluster.

What researchers have learned feeds into the larger "story of recycling of gas and stars in the universe," Sand said. "We think that this belly flopping process changes a lot of spiral galaxies into elliptical galaxies on some level, so learning more about the general process teaches us more about galaxy formation."

Research Report: 

• "Young, blue, and isolated stellar systems in the Virgo Cluster. II. A new class of stellar system"

{ https://www.spacedaily.com/ }

MYSTERIEUZE 'BLAUWE BLOBS': NIEUW TYPE STERRENSTELSEL ONTDEKT VOL JONGE BLAUWE STERREN

Jeannette Kras

Bronmateriaal:

• "Mysterious 'blue blobs' reveal a new kind of star systems" - University of Arizona
  
• Afbeelding bovenaan dit artikel: Michael Jones

{ https://www.scientias.nl/ }

Scientists Are Planning to Build Noah’s Ark on the Moon

BY COURTNEY LINDER

ALYSE MARKEL

A team at the University of Arizona is proposing a concept that just might save us from extinction: a 21st-century version of Noah’s Ark on the moon. This ark wouldn’t contain two of every animal, but rather a repository of cryogenically frozen reproductive cells from 6.7 million species on our planet.

Consider it a global insurance policy, says Jekan Thanga, Ph.D., an assistant professor at the University of Arizona’s Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, and the project’s mastermind. “As a human civilization, we’re in a fragile state,” he says. And such a shelter could come to fruition in the next three decades, he adds.

The Svalbard Global Seed Vault in Norway, an Earth-bound version of the lunar ark, opened in 2008 and currently contains more than 1 million crop seed samples, including staples like rice, wheat, and barley. It’s a somewhat appropriate analog for the lunar ark, but storing 6.7 million gametes, spores, and seeds isn’t the same on the moon as it is on Earth; there are the added challenges of microgravity, radiation levels roughly 200 times those on Earth, and wildly fluctuating temperatures.

MUST-READ: GENETIC STORAGE

• 

Why Scientists Stored DNA in the Wizard of Oz

With that in mind, Thanga’s team plans to install the lunar ark inside the moon’s extensive network of over 200 lava tubes just beneath its rocky surface. These tunnel-like structures are an ideal home because they insulate the facility from harsh conditions in much the same way that Svalbard’s storage facility, built deep inside a mountain, provides protection from the elements here on Earth.

The lunar ark sounds like a setting for a sci-fi novel, but Thanga says the possibility for such a shelter is very real—and it could come to fruition in the next three decades.

The team wants to first send a mission called SphereX (not to be confused with NASA’s Earth-orbiting SPHEREx mission) to explore the lunar lava tubes and collect lunar regolith (loose rock and dirt). A team of robots would deploy from a nearby lander, hop or fly into the tubes, and then form a relay, transferring images and data back to the lander. SphereX could teach researchers about the lava tubes’ layout, temperature, and geological makeup, to guide the design process for what would be the first structure built on the moon.

“What we envision is taking one of the existing pits—just the opening into the lava tube—and installing an elevator shaft,” Thanga says. From there, the elevator shafts would function as the entry and exit to a series of 32 cryopreservation modules. These upright cylinders, stacked in 16 rows, would preserve the reproductive cells. Robots or astronauts would be able to check samples in petri dishes in and out, “like a library,” Thanga says.

The storage modules would need cryogenic coolers to maintain the cells at the right temperatures: –292 degrees Fahrenheit for reproductive cells, and –320 degrees Fahrenheit for stem cells. And they would require a spinning apparatus that uses centrifugal force to keep the freezers in motion and prevent the cells from clumping together and building up cold spots. “The setup would be similar to a carousel shelving unit with music CDs packed into a circle,” Thanga says.

Meanwhile, robots connected to a magnetic strip (to simulate Earth’s gravity) could remove the samples from their modules and transport them to an analysis lab, periodically checking to see if the seeds and sex cells are stable.

There’s evidence to suggest that the samples would remain viable despite the radiation and microgravity. In 2010, researchers at the Slovak Academy of Sciences found that flax plants could grow in radioactive soil near the Chernobyl nuclear power plant with minimal changes to the plant’s proteins. And this June, scientists in Japan produced 168 healthy mice offspring from sperm cells that had been in storage aboard the International Space Station (ISS) for nearly six years.

MOON MUST-READS

• 

Isaac Asimov: 'How We'll Live on the Moon'

• 

Every. Single. Moon. Ranked.

• 

Why Mining the Moon Seems More Possible Than Ever

Thanga says that private companies like SpaceX and Blue Origin, which continue to drive down the cost of space launches, further bolster the likelihood of establishing a lunar ark. With some back-of-the-envelope calculations, Thanga estimates it would take 250 rocket launches to carry 50 specimens each of the 6.7 million species his team wants to preserve on the lunar ark. To put that into context, it took 40 launches to build out the ISS, the most expensive structure ever created.

Thanga’s team is currently planning an experiment that will send two cryopreservation pouches into space. Each will contain 500 samples from one animal species—50 individual samples are the bare minimum to prevent inbreeding in the short-term, while 500 individuals are required to prevent genetic drift. Ideally, the system will demonstrate successful cryopreservation for five to seven days in-orbit before returning to Earth to see if the samples survived.

---

Moon Construction 101

UNIVERSAL HISTORY ARCHIVE/ UNIVERSAL IMAGES GROUP VIA GETTY IMAGES

Building out the lunar ark will be an expensive endeavor, considering it costs about $700 to put a one-pound payload into Earth’s orbit, according to NASA. That’s why scientists want to avoid lugging cement into space; instead looking for ways to use moon rocks, says Sven G. Bilén, Ph.D., professor of engineering design, electrical engineering, and aerospace engineering at Pennsylvania State University.

“The regolith that’s on the moon is a very, very challenging regolith to work with, because it’s essentially these tiny little razor blades, they’re very jagged and sharp, they’ve never had a geological process to form them,” says Bilén, who is not involved in the lunar ark project. So, building this kind of complex would likely require an entire moon-rock mining operation, as well as a processing center where operators could melt the rocks down into a flowable cement.

{ https://www.popularmechanics.com/ }

64 Radio Telescopes Come Together to act as a Single Giant Observatory

Located in the Northern Cape of South Africa, the MeerKAT telescope consists of 64 powerful radio antennas dedicated to probing the mysteries of the Universe. This facility is a precursor to the future Square Kilometer Array Observatory (SKAO), which will consist of MeerKAT and the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) in South Africa and the Australian SKA Pathfinder (ASKAP) and Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory in Australia. A primary aim of the SKAO is to understand the matter content of the Universe and what mechanisms are driving its evolution and expansion.

The best way to do this is to observe the structure of the Universe on the largest of scales, where astronomers can observe the distribution of galaxies, the nature of gravity, and the role of dark matter and dark energy. To this end, an international team of astronomers has combined the power of MeetKAT’s 64 radio telescopes to detect faint signatures of neutral hydrogen gas across cosmological scales. The resulting accuracy and sensitivity provide a demonstration of what the SKAO will be able to achieve in the near future.

The international team’s findings are described in a recent paper that appeared online and was submitted for publication by the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. The team was led by Steven Cunnington of the Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics and included members from the South African Radio Astronomy Observatory (SARAO), the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), the Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaçol, the NAOC-UKZN Computational Astrophysics Center, and multiple research institutes and Universities.

Radio telescopes are immensely valuable when it comes to cosmology, which is the study of the origin, evolution, and future of the Universe. In particular, radio telescopes can detect radiation at wavelengths of 21 cm, a part of the radio spectrum generated by neutral hydrogen. As the most abundant element in the Universe today, analyzing it in three dimensions allows astronomers to map the total distribution of matter in the Universe. It also permeated the cosmos a few hundred thousand years after the Big Bang, when the first stars and galaxies were only beginning to form.

Because of the lack of visible light in this period, astronomers know it as the “Cosmic Dark Ages,” which was dispelled about 1 billion years after the Big Bang by the earliest galaxies. The study of neutral hydrogen at 21cm wavelength will, therefore, allow astronomers to pierce the veil of the “Dark Ages” and watch as the galaxies we observe today first come together. To accomplish this feat, astronomers need radio antennas that combine immense power and sensitivity that can consistently monitor large sections of the night sky over time.

This is the purpose behind the SKAO, a next-generation array headquartered at Jodrell Bank in Cheshire, England. While it is still under construction, observatories like MeerKAT are known as “precursor facilities” that guide the SKAO’s design. By combining its 64 arrays into a single-dish mode, MeerKAT will henceforth operate as an interferometer, where different arrays combine light from distant sources, acting as one giant telescope that can produce images with much higher resolution. As Cunnington explained in a recent release from the University of Manchester:

“However, the interferometer will not be sensitive enough to the largest scales most interesting for cosmologists studying the Universe. Therefore, we instead use the array as a collection of 64 individual telescopes which allows them to map the giant volumes of sky required for cosmology.”

Composite image of the SKA combining all elements in South Africa and Australia.

Credit: SKAO

As they indicate in their paper, the new single-dish mode allowed the international team to create radio intensity maps on a clustering of galaxies recently studied by the WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey – an optical survey of galaxies performed by the Anglo-Australian Telescope between 2006 and 2011. By combining the data, they found a strong statistical correlation between the radio maps and the positions of the galaxies surveyed, which demonstrated the MeerKAT’s ability to detect the large-scale cosmic structure and trace the overall matter of the Universe.

In addition to being the first instance where such detections were made using a multi-dish array (operating as individual telescopes), these findings also represent an important milestone in the development of the SKAO. As Cunnington revealed:

“This detection was made with just a small amount of pilot survey data. It’s encouraging to imagine what will be achieved as MeerKAT continues to make increasingly larger observations. For many years I have worked towards forecasting the future capability of the SKAO. To now reach a stage where we are developing the tools we will need and demonstrating their success with real data is incredibly exciting. This only marks the beginning of what we hope will be a continuous showcase of results which advances our understanding of the Universe.”

• Further Reading: The University of Manchester

The post 64 Radio Telescopes Come Together to act as a Single Giant Observatory appeared first on Universe Today.

Source: 

• https://www.universetoday.com/156406/64-radio-telescopes-come-together-to-act-as-a-single-giant-observatory/

{  https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

Dark Triangle Over Fort Myers, Florida June 18, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: June 18, 2022

Location of sighting: Fort Myers, Florida, USA

 

A dark triangle craft was seen a few days ago near the ocean area of Fort Myers, Florida. The area is right along side the Gulf of Mexico where many UFOs have been seen over the past few decades. The water is dark and deep, perfect for aliens to have a base below the ocean floor. The circle in the center of the craft is the hump or clear area of the pilot. Undeniable proof that aliens exist and are watching us closely. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

 

Please share the video on social media sites, it really helps me out. Thanks, SCW.

 

Eyewitness states:

Noticed a UFO in the sky. It did not have any characteristics of a plane, drone, or balloon. The UFO was flying directly over my apartment complex and was turning bright red/orange and then darkened and then was red/orange again. No sound was heard from the object and I have never seen an object like this one in the sky. After being shocked with what I saw, I almost forgot to try and record the UFO. I grabbed my phone and quickly recorded to the best of my ability while the UFO was flying across the sky.

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

Triangle Over Las Vegas, Nevada On June 10, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: June 10, 2022

Location of sighting: Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
Source: MUFON

 

Hey all this just in. An eyewitness in Las Vegas caught sighting of a whitish UFO over the city. Similar white UFOs have been seen coming and going from Nellis Air Force Base, where Charles Hall spoke about working with the Tall White aliens. Tall Whites were given a part of US land on the USAF area. The alien base is located behind the old firing range (Area S4)...the same location where I recorded a silver disk on the runway on Google Earth map. This is 100% proof that the Tall White base exists. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

 

PLEASE SHARE THE VIDEO ON SOCIAL MEDIA SITES, THANKS. 

Eyewitness states: 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

Fighter jets chasing UFO over Mount Desert Island In Maine on June 20, 2022. 

In this short clip we can see two fighter jets chasing a tic tac UFO just before the camera goes out of focus and the object and jets enter the clouds. 

I asked the witness if there was an air show and he replied "There was no air show, I heard the planes and looked up, my daughter saw them first."

  

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

Two Fighter Jets Spotted Chasing A UFO Over Mount Desert Island In Maine 20-Jun-2022

This UFO sighting video was filmed in Mount Desert Island in Hancock County, Maine. This is the largest island off the coast of Maine. This happened on 20th June 2022.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

Data Sonification: Sounds from Around the Milky Way

A new project using sonification turns astronomical images from NASA's Chandra X-Ray Observatory and other telescopes into sound. This allows users to "listen" to the center of the Milky Way as observed in X-ray, optical, and infrared light. As the cursor moves across the image, sounds represent the position and brightness of the sources.
Credits: X-ray: NASA/CXC/SAO; Optical: NASA/STScI; IR: Spitzer NASA/JPL-Caltech

The center of our Milky Way galaxy is too distant for us to visit in person, but we can still explore it. Telescopes give us a chance to see what the Galactic Center looks like in different types of light. By translating the inherently digital data (in the form of ones and zeroes) captured by telescopes in space into images, astronomers create visual representations that would otherwise be invisible to us.

But what about experiencing these data with other senses like hearing? Sonification is the process that translates data into sound, and a new project brings the center of the Milky Way to listeners for the first time. The translation begins on the left side of the image and moves to the right, with the sounds representing the position and brightness of the sources. The light of objects located towards the top of the image are heard as higher pitches while the intensity of the light controls the volume. Stars and compact sources are converted to individual notes while extended clouds of gas and dust produce an evolving drone. The crescendo happens when we reach the bright region to the lower right of the image. This is where the 4-million-solar-mass supermassive black hole at the center of the Galaxy, known as Sagittarius A* (A-star), resides, and where the clouds of gas and dust are the brightest.

Users can listen to data from this region, roughly 400 light years across, either as "solos" from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, Hubble Space Telescope, and Spitzer Space Telescope, or together as an ensemble in which each telescope plays a different instrument. Each image reveals different phenomena happening in this region about 26,000 light years from Earth. The Hubble image outlines energetic regions where stars are being born, while Spitzer's infrared image shows glowing clouds of dust containing complex structures. X-rays from Chandra reveal gas heated to millions of degrees from stellar explosions and outflows from Sagittarius A*.

In addition to the Galactic Center, this project has also produced sonified versions of the remains of a supernova called Cassiopeia A, or Cas A, and the "Pillars of Creation" located in Messier 16.

Sound plays a valuable role in our understanding of the world and cosmos around us. Explore how scientists are using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and other instruments around the world and in space to study the cosmos through sound at the Universe of Sound website.

This sonification of the Galactic Center, Cas A, and M16 was led by the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC) as part of the NASA's Universe of Learning (UoL) program. NASA's Science Activation program strives to enable NASA science experts and to incorporate NASA science content into the learning environment effectively and efficiently for learners of all ages. The collaboration was driven by visualization scientist Kimberly Arcand (CXC), astrophysicist Matt Russo and musician Andrew Santaguida (both of the SYSTEMS Sound project.)

NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center manages the Chandra program. The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory's Chandra X-ray Center controls science from Cambridge Massachusetts and flight operations from Burlington, Massachusetts. NASA's Universe of Learning materials are based upon work supported by NASA under cooperative agreement award number NNX16AC65A to the Space Telescope Science Institute, working in partnership with Caltech/IPAC, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and Sonoma State University.

• Read more from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory.

For more Chandra images, multimedia and related materials, visit:

• http://www.nasa.gov/chandra

{ https://www.nasa.gov/ }

Explore - From Space to Sound

Ever wondered what the music of the spheres would sound like? Hubble brings us cosmic sights, but these astronomical marvels can be experienced with other senses as well. Through data sonification, the same digital data that gets translated into images is transformed into sound.

Elements of the image, like brightness and position, are assigned pitches and volumes. Each translation below begins on the left side of the image and moves to the right. No sound can travel in space, but sonifications provide a new way of experiencing and conceptualizing data. Sonifications allow the audience, including blind and visually impaired communities, to “listen” to astronomical images and explore their data.

NGC 1300

The majestic barred spiral galaxy NGC 1300’s arms hold blue clusters of young stars, pink clouds of star formation, and dark lanes of dust. NGC 1300 is considered to be prototypical of barred spiral galaxies. Barred spirals differ from normal spiral galaxies in that the arms of the galaxy do not spiral all the way into the center, but are connected to the two ends of a straight bar of stars containing the nucleus at its center. In this image, blue and red supergiant stars, star clusters, and star-forming regions are well resolved by Hubble across the spiral arms, and dust lanes trace out fine structures in the disk and bar. Numerous more distant galaxies are visible in the background, and are seen even through the densest regions of NGC 1300. 

To represent this image with sound, scientists assigned louder volume to brighter light. Light farther from the center is pitched higher as a counterclockwise radar scans across the galaxy. NGC 1300 resides nearly 70 million light-years away in the constellation Eridanus.

Black Hole at the Center of Galaxy M87

Studied by scientists for decades, the black hole in Messier 87 (M87) gained celebrity status after the first release from the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) project in 2019. This sonification does not feature the EHT data, but rather looks at data from other telescopes that observed M87 on much wider scales at roughly the same time. This image of a jet emerging from the nucleus of M87 contains three panels that feature: X-rays from the Chandra X-ray Observatory, visible light from Hubble, and radio waves from the Atacama Large Millimeter Array in Chile. The brightest region of the image is where the black hole is found, and the structure ejecting from it is the jet, produced by material falling onto the black hole. The sonification scans across the three-tiered image, with each wavelength mapped to a different range of audible tones. Radio waves are mapped to the lowest tones, visible data to medium tones, and X-rays to the highest tones. The brightest part of the image corresponds to the loudest portion of the sonification, which is where astronomers find the 6.5-billion solar mass black hole.

NGC 1569

Welcome to one of the most active galaxies in our cosmic neighborhood, NGC 1569. This starburst galaxy creates stars at a rate 100 times faster than in our own galaxy, the Milky Way! Scientists represented information in this Hubble image with sound to create a beautiful sonification with a bottom to top scan. Brighter light is higher pitched and louder. The three color channels used to process this image are each given their own pitch range, with red representing lower pitches, green in medium pitches, and blue in high pitches.

Hoag's Object

Stretching over 100,000 light-years across, the galaxy dubbed Hoag’s Object is slightly larger than our own home galaxy, the Milky Way. The blue ring is dominated by clusters of young, massive stars, while the yellow nucleus consists of mostly older stars. In this sonification, a clockwise radar scan transforms data in the image into sound. Bright light is represented with louder volume, and light farther from the center is higher-pitched.

Bubble Nebula

In this Hubble image, a super-hot, massive star is blowing an enormous bubble into space. Fittingly named the Bubble Nebula, this beautiful cosmic object is roughly seven light-years across and resides 7,100 light-years from Earth. 

Scanned from top to bottom, color is mapped to pitch in this sonification of the nebula. The bright blue of the bubble can be heard as higher pitches; the red and orange regions’ lower pitches are heard most clearly at the beginning on the left and in the top half of the bubble in the middle. Brightness controls the volume and stars are represented by chimes

Butterfly Nebula

This spectacular Hubble image of the Butterfly Nebula shows a colorful view of star death. The "wings" of the butterfly are regions of gas heated to more than 36,000° F (about 20,000° C) that are tearing across space at more than 600,000 miles an hour (966,000 kph)! 

Vertical position is mapped to pitch – meaning that light towards the top of the image is higher pitched. The nebula is played on strings and synthetic tones, while stars are represented by digital harp. Brightness controls the volume, and the tilted hourglass orientation of the nebula produces an overall rising motion, with the prominent iron-rich jet producing a quick rise near the center.

NGC 2392

About 5,000 light-years from Earth, the stunning nebula NGC 2392 formed after the demise of a star like our Sun. The fuzzy outer region of this nebula is a disk of material embellished with a ring of comet-shaped objects, with their tails streaming away from the central, dying star. The inner nebula's bright central region that resembles a ball of twine is really a bubble of material being blown into space by the central star's intense "wind" of high-speed material.

In this sonification, the image is scanned clockwise like a radar. The radius is mapped to pitch, so light farther from the center is higher pitched. The outline of the nebula’s shell can be heard in the rising and falling of pitch, punctuated by its spokes. Brightness controls the volume.

The Crab Nebula

The Crab Nebula is the expanding remnant of a supernova that occurred in 1054 A.D. Modern telescopes have captured its enduring engine powered by a quickly spinning neutron star that formed when a massive star collapsed. The combination of rapid rotation and a strong magnetic field generates jets of matter and anti-matter flowing away from its poles, and winds outward from its equator.

For the translation of these data into sound, which pans left to right, each wavelength of light has been paired with a different family of instruments. X-rays from Chandra X-ray Observatory (blue and white) are brass, optical light data from Hubble Space Telescope (purple) are strings, and infrared data from Spitzer (pink) can be heard in the woodwinds. In each case, light received towards the top of the image is played as higher pitched notes and brighter light is played louder. 

Milky Way Center

The center of our Milky Way galaxy houses a massive black hole surrounded by a dense nest of stars and bright clouds. This image combines observations from the Hubble, Chandra, and Spitzer space observatories, and shows energetic regions of starbirth, hundreds of thousands of stars, glowing dust clouds, and intense activity near the galactic core.

The light of objects located towards the top of the image is pitched higher, while the intensity of the light controls the volume. Stars and compact sources are converted to individual notes while extended clouds of gas and dust produce an evolving drone. A crescendo happens at the lower right of the image. This is where the 4-million-solar-mass supermassive black hole at the center of the galaxy resides, and where the clouds of gas and dust are the brightest. For more information on this sonification, visit the Chandra Observatory's sonification page

{ https://www.nasa.gov/ }

• https://www.universetoday.com/156401/another-few-weeks-of-observations-could-tell-us-if-the-wow-signal-repeats/

On the sea bottom off the coast of central California lies a vast field of mysterious pockmarks. 

The field spans about 1,300 square kilometers and there are approximately 5,200 of these strange pits, which on average measure about 175 meters and 5 m deep.

No one knows how these mystery holes appeared, but they likely made their first appearance 400,000 years ago, according to research. 

Coordinates: 33°39'17.76"N 118° 7'5.82"W 

• https://www.livescience.com/mystery-california-seabed-pockmarks.html 

Vast field of mysterious, perfectly circular holes dot the seafloor off California's coast.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

UFO Contactees with Greg Bishop

Here Greg Bishop relates the stories behind some of the most famous individuals claiming to have had ongoing communications with alien entities. They include George Adamski, George Van Tassel, Orfeo Angelucci, George Hunt Williamson, Ruth Norman, Allen Noonan, and Paulina Peavy. The conversation also explores the psychic abilities of Ted Owens and Uri Geller, ostensibly associated with UFOs. The sociological and psychological dimensions of this movement are explored.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

Sanxingdui Excavation Pits Reveal Sophisticated Ancient Civilization

An advanced 3,000-year-old Chinese culture, whose existence was not known about until the 1980s, has been further revealed by recent excavations. Apparently, the existence of the highly developed southwest Chinese Sanxingdui civilization, in Sichuan province, was omitted from official records, despite hundreds of years of flourishing development! On Monday last, at the Sanxingdui ruins, Chinese archaeologists reported that they have unearthed a treasure trove of artifacts across six sacrificial pits, as reported by the Chinese state news agency Xinhua.

{ https://www.ancient-origins.net/ }

A spectacular example of the mysterious “living and moving” trovants of Romania, a rare and complex geological formation.

Source: Nicu Buculei / CC BY-SA 3.0

Romania’s Enigmatic Trovants: Living Rocks That Grow and Move!

Roughly six million years ago, paleo-earthquakes created a type of geological phenomenon called trovants. They are also known as the stones of Costesti, after their most famous location in Romania, or the “living stones.” Romania’s rare trovants were formed under highly complex circumstances involving seismic shifts, sand sediment in rivers and rain, and lots of time. And the locals of Costesti, Romania consider them to be alive! Having witnessed them grow, expand, and move over generations the Romanians have turned the trovants into local legends and myths. For geologists, trovants have long been a captivating mystery.

What are Trovants?

Trovants are made up of a hard stone center surrounded by sandstone and vary in size from extremely small and pebble-like trovants to stones weighing several tons. Although most trovants are made from sandstone originally, geologists have also found some made from gravel or gritstone. Trovants are an incredibly exciting and unique type of rock formation found within specific areas of Romania.

How are Trovants Formed?

The name trovant is a synonym from the German word “ Sandsteinkonkretionen” meaning “cemented sand,” which explains how these rocks are made. Trovants can only be formed when sand accrues with sandstone deposits around a hard stone core and is cemented by water that has a high concentration of calcium carbonate . This mixture melds together to make these truly fascinating rocks known by locals as the “growing stones.”

• Hidden Romanian Treasures– A Cursed History
• Huge Bronze Age Citadel, Three Times Larger than Troy, Found in Romania

What makes them so exciting is that the locals have witnessed them grow and multiply over the years. Due to the elements it takes for these rocks to be formed, they go through an unusual process that makes the rocks appear to grow and move.

These trovants or living and moving geological formations are located near Ulmet in the Buzăului Mountains of Romania.

(Nicubunu / CC BY-SA 3.0 )

Do These Strange Geological Formations Really Grow?

The answer is yes, for all intents and purpose they do grow, but trovants grow in a very specific, unique way.

When there is unusually heavy rainfall in the areas trovants are found, they tend to absorb minerals in the rain. Along with the formation of the sand and sandstone deposits already present as the shell of the rock, a chemical reaction begins putting immense pressure on the inside of the trovant.

This pressure from a chemical reaction expands the trovant outwards from its core towards its outer crust, making the rock itself grow. On the surface of the rocks, small deposits are pushed outwards adding to the rockface, leading to their name “the growing stones.”

Overall, trovant growth is a rather slow process and the rate of growth is only around 4-5 centimeters (1.6-2 inches) in 1,000 years.

• A Peek into The Paranormal Activity at Haunted Castles in Romania
• Romania’s Bermuda Triangle: The Creepy Hoia Forest of Transylvania

But over the millions of years the rocks have been “growing” some truly beautiful and particularly interesting formations have been created.

Bubbles or Boulders: What do Trovants Look Like?

Trovants tend to be spherical due to the seismic activity they have experienced and rather smooth individually, not unlike rocks that are shaped by erosion. However, trovants are different because the opposite process is what gives the rocks their unique appearance. The trovants look like bubbles some of them with platforms that look like they are growing from a root system. These trovants tend to be fixed in place.

Over the years geologists have cut open numerous trovants to see what they are made of and found that not unlike tree rings, these geological formations also have multiple ringed, elliptical layers inside. This is because the rocks effectively grow through bubbling outwards when rained on. And under those conditions they pick up further deposits of sand from their area and continue to “grow” slowly over years. This explains the layers the geologists noticed within the trovants they cut open.

Trovants on the move in Romania’s Trovants Museum Natural Reserve?

(Nicu Farcaș / CC BY-SA 4.0 )

How do Trovants Move? Very Slowly for Sure!

One other interesting thing about trovants is that they move. I’m sure you have heard of the moving rocks of Death Valley. No? Well, you should look into it if you like mysterious rocks.

Trovants also move, albeit super slowly, but they do travel to some extent. Because these rocks are picking up surrounding sand when it rains, they are effectively changing the landscape and creating a path for themselves that allows them to dislodge and move small distances over significant periods of time.

Tourism and protection

Due to the fascinating nature of trovants they have become a tourist attraction within Romania. To give protection to these rocks “The Trovants Museum Natural Reserve” was created in 2004.

The rocks are so unique that they have come under the protection of UNESCO and have a foundation to protect them from the issues tourism can cause to public archaeological and geological sites. In the past, the locals often sold the smaller trovants to tourists, which in the long term could cause a problem to the trovant landscape.

Although found in over 20 places in Romania some trovants have only been discovered after the sand has been taken from the area for building tombs and making souvenirs.

Conclusion

So trovants aren’t technically alive, this isn’t some horror movie waiting to happen. However, these rocks do change over exceptionally long periods of time.

Although not strictly alive, trovants have some characteristics of something that is living. Although not sentient, these rocks do grow and move.

• The Hoodoos of Drumheller Valley: Tall Tales of Sandstone Towers
• Ancient Stones of Australia: Rock Arrangements that Defy Conventional Historical Accounts

It is not surprising that they have become the stuff of myth to the locals over the centuries. They are the closest thing to living we can consider rock to be and have been around much longer than any human on the planet, thus having encountered more “life” than all of us!

• Top image: A spectacular example of the mysterious “living and moving” trovants of Romania, a rare and complex geological formation.
• Source: Nicu Buculei / CC BY-SA 3.0

By Tracy McLoughlin

{ https://www.ancient-origins.net/ }

290 miljoen jaar oude fossielen van bomen gevonden in Brazilië

Wetenschappers hebben in de zuidelijke Braziliaanse deelstaat Paraná fossielen van bomen gevonden die naar schatting 290 miljoen jaar oud zijn. Het gaat om een bos van 164 fossielen van een uitgestorven soort lycofyten, die zich voortplanten via sporen.

  Bron: Belga

Het gefossiliseerde bos werd eind 2018 per ongeluk ontdekt, bij een geologisch onderzoek voor de aanleg van een weg naar een fabriek. Daarna startten wetenschappers van de universiteiten van Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul (zuidelijke Braziliaanse deelstaat) en de universiteit van Californië in Davis (VS) een onderzoek. De resultaten van dit onderzoek verschenen in februari in het vaktijdschrift “Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology”.

Lees ook

• 

  Argentijnse wetenschappers vinden fossiel van ‘draak des doods’

• 

  Mysterie rond oorsprong van de Zwarte Dood is opgelost, zeggen onderzoekers

Volgens Thammy Mottin, geoloog van de universiteit van Paraná, is het “de belangrijkste ontdekking in het zuidelijke halfrond” wat de hoeveelheid en de staat van de fossielen betreft. Eerder deden wetenschappers al gelijkaardige ontdekkingen in het zuidelijke halfrond, met name in Rio Grande do Sul en in Argentijns Patagonië, maar daar ging het om kleinere vondsten.

De fossielen zijn “een venster naar het verleden” voor het bestuderen van de evolutie van planten. “Deze planten, waarvan de leeftijd op 290 miljoen jaar is geschat, zijn zeer primitieve levensvormen in de geschiedenis”, aldus Mottin. “Het bos, dat groeide in de buurt van waar nu de plaats Ortigueira ligt, toont hoe de eerste planten zich hebben verspreid, hoe ze verdeeld waren in de ruimte en hoe hun interacties waren met andere levensvormen”.

Fossielen van bos met 165 bomen gevonden in Brazilië.  © AFP

{  https://www.hln.be/ }

Could We Use Mars as a Base for Asteroid Mining?

The earliest mention of asteroid mining might be in a story from 1898 titled “Edison’s Conquest of Mars,” by Garrett Serviss. In that story, Martians attack Earth, killing tens of thousands and destroying New York City. Earth retaliates and sends an armada to Mars. While travelling, the armada comes across an asteroid that the Martians are mining. The asteroid is a rubble pile of gold nuggets.

A conversation breaks out among the crew.

“Phew! Won’t we be rich?” exclaimed a voice.

“How are we going to dig it and get it back to earth?” asked another.

“Carry it in your pockets,” said one.

“No need of staking claims here,” remarked another. “There is enough for everybody.”

Their conversation was a prescient hint of things to come.

The idea to mine asteroids incubated in the background until more modern times, when the realities of the space-faring age brought the idea into focus.

Starting in the 2000s, asteroid mining—or at least its potential—gained momentum. Private companies were starting to send spacecraft into Earth orbit, though it was tentative at first. People started to wonder about mining asteroids. Who owned them? How could it be done?

Japan’s Hayabusa brought a sample of asteroid Itokawa back to Earth in 2010. Wealthy people formed companies with the intent to mine asteroids. In 2015, the US Congress passed the Space Act that gave US companies the right to mine asteroids and other bodies in space, though it stopped short of claiming sovereignty over any bodies in space.

Companies popped up and talked about mining asteroids. They calculated the value of asteroids and started developing robotic explorers to operate on asteroids. One company called the Asteroid Mining Corporation worked with a Japanese University to develop the Space Capable Asteroid Robotic Explorers (SCAR-E).

The initial fervour of the past couple of decades has died down, but the idea is still there. And as our knowledge of asteroids grows and our space-flight capabilities advance, the idea of asteroid mining will never disappear.

There are a number of reasons why asteroid mining is desirable. The materials in asteroids represent an enormous financial value, which always attracts capitalist activities. Some materials needed for our modern technological devices are in short supply on Earth but are available on asteroids. And mining on Earth carries an environmental burden that mining on dead asteroids doesn’t.

One day asteroid mining might be possible, profitable, or even necessary. We’re not there yet, but scientists are still thinking ahead about how it could work, even though there are a whole host of obstacles in the way. We’re accustomed to spacecraft being launched on far-flung missions into the Solar System. But space travel is complicated, risky, and expensive. Even sampling asteroids is challenging.

How can asteroid mining be brought out of the realm of science fiction and into reality?

In a new paper, a trio of researchers suggest that some of the obstacles could be overcome by using Mars orbit as a base of operations.

The paper is “Phobos and Mars orbit as a base for asteroid exploration and mining.” The lead author is Anthony Taylor from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The paper is published in the journal Planetary and Space Science.

NEO asteroids are not the target. Their number and their value are limited. At some point in our asteroid-mining, space-faring future, we’ll want to develop the asteroids in the main belt between Mars and Jupiter. There’s nearly-immeasurable wealth and resources there. The asteroid Davida alone may be worth 27 quintillion US dollars. One calculation says there’s $100 billion dollars in mineral wealth for every person on Earth in the main asteroid belt.

The main obstacle, according to the paper, is the energy required to reach the main belt and rendezvous with asteroids. In spaceflight that energy is quantified as Delta V, where V is velocity and Delta is change. Launching and maneuvering require changes in delta-v, and those changes require energy. “Most MBAs are energetically too hard to reach with present technology from low Earth orbit. An alternative is to use Mars orbit as a base from which to conduct MBA research, prospecting, and mining.”

Even the easiest-to-reach MBA is difficult to reach from Low Earth Orbit (LEO) because of the delta-v. The Near-Earth Asteroids are much easier to reach in comparison. It requires “… a minimum delta-v ~7 km s^-1 to rendezvous from low Earth orbit (LEO) with the easiest to reach MBA, compared with ~4 km s^-1 needed for the easiest to reach near-Earth asteroids (NEOs) from low Earth orbit.”

It follows that reaching MBAs is easier if you start from Mars orbit. The delta-v will be far lower. The difference between ~7 km s^-1 and ~4 km s^-1 might not sound like much, but the fuel requirements scale exponentially with delta-v.

The team wrote some code that allows them to find the delta-v needed to reach and rendezvous with any asteroid in the main belt from either Earth or Mars orbit. For Mars, they use Phobos’ orbit, which is about 9,000 km (5,600 miles) above the planet, and for Earth they used LEO. “We used PARC (Python Asteroid Rendezvous Code) to investigate whether Phobos-like orbits around Mars at altitudes of ~9000 km are more energetically favourable and useful locations from which to dispatch missions to MBAs.”

The short answer is “Yes they are.”

The available mass in the MAB and the MC (Mars Crosser) asteroid populations dwarfs that of the NEO asteroids. So in terms of large-scale delta-v needed to reach more resources, the Phobos Mars Orbit idea wins again. “Most known MBAs + MCs are bigger than the largest NEO, (1036) Ganymed, at ~50 km diameter. Therefore, the accessible mass of MBAs + MCs increases more quickly than an equivalent number of NEOs at a given delta-v requirement.”

In the figure above, the large asteroids Ceres, Pallas, and Vesta skew the results a little. They require a large delta-v to reach, though it’s still lower from PMO than from LEO. “But operationally it is the low delta-v tails that are of particular interest,” the authors write.

The authors point out that for a particular delta-v, more MAB material is accessible from PMO. In fact, it’s not even close. “We find that PMO provides access to ~7 x 10¹⁵ tonnes of material within ?v -1,” they write. Over 99.9% of that material is in MABs and MCs, while the insignificant remainder is in LEOs. On the other hand, “From LEO, only ~3 x 10⁶ tonnes of material are accessible within ?v -1 and are entirely found in NEOs.”

Of course, there’s more to mining MBAs from Mars Phobos Orbit than just the ?v required to get there. The effort to even get equipment to MPO requires fuel and resources and time. The authors acknowledge that, and emphasize that their study is focused on reaching asteroid resources from an already established base. There are all kinds of other variables depending on the mass of the equipment sent to asteroids, where and how it’ll be processed, what will be done with the waste, and where the extracted resources will go.

One team of researchers can’t answer all these questions. Their paper simply shows how it takes fewer resources to reach the bulk of the Solar System’s asteroidal material from MPO than it does from LEO. Whether or not asteroid mining ever makes sense depends on a whole bunch of factors.

That’s where the Phobos delta-v penalty comes in. It’s the price a spacecraft pays to maneuver in and out of orbit around Mars. The planet’s gravity well extracts its own price.

“Whether the Phobos delta-v penalty is economically disadvantageous depends on the masses to be moved, both of raw and beneficiated (refined) ore, and of mining and processing equipment,” the authors explain. “If the beneficiating equipment is massive then the simplified raw material gathering spacecraft that will undertake the Phobos to asteroid journey may be of significantly lower mass.”

Mining the MAB wouldn’t happen in a vacuum (sorry.) Facilities on Mars would likely be part of the endeavour. Maybe the structural materials in the asteroids, like iron, would be used to manufacture other facilities in the MAB or in Mars orbit. But none of these considerations changes the raw fact that more MAB material is within reach from MPO than from LEO. “We find that there is a far larger population of known asteroids accessible to current technology from Phobos orbit than from low Earth orbit, by a factor of 300 in number and a factor 109 in mass for a delta-v of 4 km s^-1,” the paper concludes.

Phobos itself could play an advantageous role, according to the authors.

“Phobos is a convenient site for emplacing massive ore-refining equipment. Phobos has properties that aid in extracting ore from raw asteroid material, as it provides some gravity, an inertial platform, and radiation shielding. Phobos may then serve as a useful forward operating base for the exploration and mining of the Main Belt.”

If this idea ever comes to fruition, then it’s likely that Mars itself will be a part of it. “The presence of
large-scale operations in Mars orbit may also lead to routine access to Mars’ surface,” they write.

The rest is left to our imaginations. Would human beings lead the mining operation? If so, then Mars could act as a kind of lifeboat in case of problems. Evacuating a damaged mining spacecraft and landing on Mars, where we can extract oxygen, fuel, and water, and store food and other supplies, seems like a natural emergency backup plan.

Or maybe there’d be very little need for flesh and blood humans. Maybe robots could do most of the work. Robotic technology is growing in leaps and bounds and there’s no reason to think it won’t keep advancing.

Asteroid mining is really in-situ resource utilization writ large. If humanity is ever going to expand out into the Solar System, the resources in the MAB will play a role. Only time will reveal exactly what that role is.

More:

• Press Release: Mars as a Base for Asteroid Exploration and Mining
• Paper: Phobos and Mars orbit as a base for asteroid exploration and mining
• Universe Today: Chinese Asteroid Mining Robot Due to Launch in November

The post Could We Use Mars as a Base for Asteroid Mining? appeared first on Universe Today.

Source: 

• https://www.universetoday.com/156335/could-we-use-mars-as-a-base-for-asteroid-mining/

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

New Linda Moulton Howe: Tall White Aliens Are Our Allies & Hybrid Greys & Blonde Nordics

TOPICS: Which E.T.s Claim They Are Closest Genetically to Human Descendants? US Space Force – USS Curtis LeMay – USS Hoyt Vandenberg, “tip of the spear” – USS Roscoe Hillenkoetter – Tall Nordics near Sirius A & Sirius B – Tall White Pales live near 82 G Eridani where numerous earth-like planets reside Inside US Space Force source details interactions with humans Linda’s brother Jim Moulton fallen ill, but recovering at home Highly placed source:

Original greys are very ancient race spanning millions of years Blonde Nordics are oldest race from Sirius B system Tall whites or “tall pales” working with us from “Creech Air Force Base” near Las Vegas, – Working on Security Access Protocols Hybrid greys “Our true allies are the tall whites” “Nordic types claim we humans are their closest descendants” “..directly related” “These 3 et species occupy the majority” “I don’t believe we originated from Earth” “Alliances exist…Eliminating the Trantalod insect..species”

“AI biological cloned Grey are…abducting humans and other species” “Temporal technology..used by Trantaloid species” USS Hoyt Vandenberg stationed in Procyon system USS Roscoe Hillenkoetter investigating radio signal source We have had teleportation since 1971 The main purpose of Apollo was to investigate alien sites

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

Secrets of The Black Knight Satellite, Its Sending a Signal & Its Been Decoded, Billy Carson via Leak Project

Awesome talk. William, Son of Cars, is such an interesting guy. His genuine enthusiasm and intelligence is really endearing, and his endless energy even gives Rex a run for his money. I gotta see this documentary. One thing confused me though – if it’s been seen to make course corrections on multiple occasions, implying it’s still functioning, then why is it sending signals to where Epsilon Bootes used to be 13000 years ago? Wouldn’t it be updating that star’s location? Or… maybe we’re wrong about our calculations? Richard Wilson

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

Female AI Biologic Robots Will Be Able to Birth Test Tube Babies. Sex Robots are Bad Enough, but the Mother of Your Child? These People Are Sick

Female AI Biologic Robots Will Be Able to Birth Test Tube Babies. Sex Robots are Bad Enough, but the Mother of Your Child? These People Are Sick

Japan Just Delivered Fully Performing Female Robots #2

Apr 17, 2022

Japan has combined artificial intelligence and incredible simulation technology to finally launch the world’s first female bio-robots for users!

As AI Bio-Bots become more prevalent in our Society, they will become perceived more and more as Human.

This is all Part of the TRANSHUMAN Agenda to Make Droids Citizens and to REPLACE HUMANS

YEAH, THIS IS REAL CREEPY

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

UFO Fleet Over Queens, New York On June 19, 2022, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: June 19, 2022

Location of sighting: Queens, New York, USA
Source: MUFON

A person was driving along the southbound in New York when she noticed a fleet of glowing objects in the distance. UFOs do visit New York frequently. For instance on Aug 23, 1974 singer John Lennon and his wife were in the penthouse apartment patio when they noticed some strange lights hovering in place not far off. New York...it attracts all intelligent species...the biggest city in America. Even aliens want to visit. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

Eyewitness states: 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

Black Craft Over Parker, Colorado On June 9, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: June 9, 2022

Location of sighting: Parker, Colorado, USA
Source: MUFON

 

A person was parked and noticed a black object moving about the sky over Colorado last week. The object was silent and moving about as if it were watching the cars on the road below. Colorado is notorious for its UFO sightings, but 95% of them are of a white sphere craft. This is highly rare in the area. Most UFOs come and go from the Rocky mountain ridges, where there are several entrances to a tunnel that leads to an underground base about 5km below the base of the mountains. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

 

Eyewitness states: 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

On Sunday morning, June 19th, SpaceX launched a Falcon 9 rocket from Cape Canaveral (0427 UT) carrying a Globalstar communications satellite. Within hours, people around the world started seeing strange things in the sky. 

Almost two hours after launch, the upper stage of the Falcon 9 rocket deployed the Globalstar satellite; the smoke ring Wood saw was the "puff" of separation. At the time, the rocket was more than 1100 km high, so people were able to see it across much of North America. 

Image left: Credit MrMBB333/Sean - video

An hour after the smoke ring, things got really strange. Sky watchers in New Zealand saw this: 

Image credit: Twinkle Dark Sky Tours.

Photographer Alasdair Burns of Twinkle Dark Sky Tours on Stewart Island said to Spaceweather, "It looked like a beautiful galaxy, it was a very slowly rotating spiral that started small and gradually expanded." 

There has been much discussion on the web about a covert payload hitchhiking on this Falcon 9 rocket. Analysts believe that a clandestine satellite may have been released about 10.5 minutes after launch.

  

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

UFO Secrets Revealed | Unidentified: Inside America’s UFO Investigation (S1, E1) | Full Episode

Former U.S. government insiders brought together by rock star Tom DeLonge team up to reveal what the government knows about UFOs. This groundbreaking effort is led by Luis “Lue” Elizondo. See more in Season 1, Episode 1, “The UFO Insiders.”

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

Crop Circle | Hackpen White Horse | 19/06/2022

{ https://www.youtube.com/ }

SpaceX launches three Falcon 9 rockets in 36 hours

SpaceX has successfully completed three Falcon 9 launches in just over 36 hours, highlighting the company’s continuous push towards ever-higher launch cadences in 2022.

In February, shortly after a NASA oversight panelist revealed that SpaceX was targeting 52 launches in 2022, CEO Elon Musk confirmed that the company’s goal was for “Falcon [to] launch about once a week” throughout the year. In October 2020, continuing a tradition of extremely ambitious SpaceX launch cadence targets, Musk had also tweeted that “a lot of improvements” would need to be made to achieve his goal of 48 launches – an average of four launches per month – in 2021. Ultimately, SpaceX fell well short of that target, but did set a new annual record of 31 launches in one year, breaking its 2020 record of 26 launches by about 20%. However, perhaps even more important than the new record was the fact that SpaceX was able to complete six launches in four weeks at the end of 2021.

That impressive and unexpected achievement would turn out to be an explicit sign of things to come in 2022.

SpaceX’s successful completion of three launches in 36.5 hours is merely an extension of that feat. In the same four-week period at the end of 2021, SpaceX completed three of those six launches in 69 hours. Two months later, SpaceX did it again, launching three Falcon 9 rockets from all three of its Falcon launch pads in 67 hours.

More importantly, SpaceX has also managed to sustain an average cadence of more than one Falcon launch per week throughout the first half of 2022, completing its 26th launch of the year on June 19th with another two launches planned before the end of the month. SpaceX has actually sustained that cadence for even longer. Beginning on November 24th, 2021, SpaceX has now completed 32 Falcon 9 launches in less than seven months.

The company’s latest hat-trick or triple-header began on Friday, June 17th, when Falcon 9 booster B1060 lifted off at 12:09 pm EDT from SpaceX’s NASA Kennedy Space Center LC-39A pad, helped carry another 53 Starlink V1.5 satellites into space, and became the first Falcon booster to launch and land 13 times. Starlink 4-19 was also SpaceX’s 49th dedicated Starlink launch, SpaceX’s 50th consecutively successful Falcon booster landing, and 100th successful Falcon booster reuse.

22 hours later, a second Falcon 9 rocket lifted off from SpaceX’s Vandenberg Space Force Base SLC-4E pad at 7:19 am PDT, Saturday, June 18th carrying the first of three SARah radar satellites for Germany and an unspecified number of rideshare payloads. For the third time this year, booster B1071 successfully boosted back to shore and touched down at SLC-4E’s LZ-4 landing pad shortly after liftoff.

Finally, at 12:27 am EDT on Sunday, June 19th, a third Falcon 9 rocket lifted off from SpaceX’s Cape Canaveral Space Force Station LC-40 pad carrying a single spare Globalstar-2 communications satellite and, apparently, several secret rideshare payloads. Falcon 9’s Globalstar launch occurred just over 14 hours after SARah-1, breaking SpaceX’s record time between two orbital launches.

Globalstar FM15 was also SpaceX’s 26th launch of 2022, averaging one launch every 6.5 days in the first half of the year. June isn’t over, however, and SpaceX still has plans to launch Starlink 4-21 on June 25th and the SES-22 geostationary communications satellite on June 28th. If both launches avoid delays, SpaceX will end the first half of 2022 with 28 successful orbital launches. Perhaps even more significantly, after another two launches in the last days of June, SpaceX will have launched 17 times in a single quarter – equivalent to 68 launches per year if sustained for four quarters. In the history of spaceflight, a single rocket family has never successfully launched more than 61 times in one year.

The post SpaceX launches three Falcon 9 rockets in 36 hours appeared first on TESLARATI.

Source: 

• https://www.teslarati.com/spacex-three-falcon-9-rocket-launches-36-hours/

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

SpaceX to attempt to crush Starship test tank

A week after rolling a different ‘test tank’ from its South Texas Starship factory to nearby launch and test facilities, SpaceX has moved a second test tank to the pad.

Hearkening back to a period in 2020 where SpaceX built and tested six different Starship test tanks in a period of six months, the company appears to be preparing to test another batch of tanks in the hopes of qualifying Super Hea

vy booster design changes and clearing the way for a significant upgrade to all Starship tank domes. The sequencing of the latest tank raises some questions, however.

Known unofficially as the “EDOME” tank in reference to a cryptic label on the side of one of its halves, the first new test tank’s purpose is much more cut and dry. While its steel rings appear to be unchanged from current Starship and Super Heavy prototypes, the tank’s two domes share almost nothing in common with the dozens of domes SpaceX has built and tested over the last three years of development. The new domes are much simpler and should be easier to manufacture than the domes SpaceX is familiar with. Thanks to their more spherical shape, they should also be more efficient, allowing future Starship tanks to store a bit more propellant while taking up the same amount of vertical space. SpaceX has yet to begin testing the EDOME tank since its June 8th rollout and does not appear to be much closer to starting 12 days later.

On June 16th, SpaceX rolled a second test tank to the launch site, which eventually joined the EDOME tank at a staging area that used to be a Starship landing pad. Whereas the EDOME tank is more of a generic test article, the second tank – known as B7.1 – is specifically designed to test Super Heavy booster design changes.

B7.1 is a bit like a miniature Super Heavy. Its three-ring top section is mostly similar to the top section of a booster and is reinforced with dozens of external stringers. Oddly, it is missing cutouts for grid fins, and the tank’s forward dome does not have the reaction frame those hypothetical grid fins would anchor to. On the tank’s bottom half, the same stringers are present, and the tank features a new design that squeezes four slightly shorter rings into the same height as three. The Super Heavy thrust dome those rings enclose is also a new design that expands the number of central Raptor engines from 9 to 13.

It’s unsurprising that SpaceX wants to test those significant design changes. SpaceX did technically conduct a similar test in mid-2021 with a test tank known as BN2.1, but that tank featured a thrust dome with room for 9 older Raptors that would have generated about ~1700 tons of thrust. B7.1’s testing will go a step further than BN2.1 and use a structural test stand that should allow SpaceX to simulate the compressive forces Super Heavy boosters might experience in flight, adding another dimension of stress on top of the 13 hydraulic rams that will simultaneously subject the test tank to the equivalent of ~3000 tons (~6.6M lbf) of thrust.

What is surprising, however, is the fact that SpaceX has waited so long to build and test a tank like B7.1. SpaceX has already completed an entire Super Heavy booster (B7) with all the design changes B7.1 is meant will test and recently installed 33 new Raptor 2 engines on that prototype. A second upgraded booster, B8, is also nearly finished. In that sense, B7.1 is quite unusual and feels more like a reluctant afterthought than part of a methodical development process. If B7.1 suffers an unintentional failure during testing, SpaceX could be forced to abandon two nearly-finished Super Heavy boosters, wasting months of assembly and testing and rendering prototypes that are likely worth tens of millions of dollars all but useless.

The design changes B7.1 is meant to test are not exactly radical, but it’s still unclear why SpaceX has chosen to conduct those tests after building two entire Super Heavy boosters. Earlier on in Starship development, SpaceX regularly used test tanks to qualify significant design changes before applying those changes to full prototypes, limiting the amount of resources that could be wasted on any unproven prototype. Thankfully, Super Heavy Booster 7 may have already completed similar Raptor thrust simulation tests on the same test stand B7.1 was recently installed on, meaning that SpaceX’s confidence may have been well-placed. However, if the first use of the ‘can crusher’ stand on a Super Heavy test tank finds any problems or ends in failure, B7 and B8 could still be easily rendered unusable or incapable of flight, significantly delaying Starship’s first orbital launch attempt.

Lately, SpaceX has been focused on preparing Starship S24 and Super Heavy B7 for static fire tests that could eventually qualify the pair to support the first orbital test flight. It’s not clear if or when SpaceX will be able to set aside time and evacuate Starbase’s busy orbital launch site to test B7.1 or the EDOME tank.

The post SpaceX to attempt to crush Starship test tank appeared first on TESLARATI.

Source:

•  https://www.teslarati.com/spacex-starship-booster-tank-can-crusher-test/

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

Astronomers Watched a “Near-Sun” Comet Disintegrate as it Flew too Close to the Sun

Comets that venture close to the Sun can transform into something beautiful, but sometimes they encounter incineration if they get too close. Of the various types of comets that orbit close to the Sun, astronomers had never seen the destruction of the type classified as “near-Sun” comets. But thanks to a variety of telescopes on summit of Mauna Kea in Hawai?i, scientists have now captured images of a periodic rocky near-Sun comet breaking apart. They say the disintegration of this comet could help explain the scarcity of such periodic near-Sun comets.

Astronomers have certainly witnessed other types of comets disintegrating in the solar corona. For example, early this year — after putting on a spectacular show — Comet Leonard broke apart after perihelion (its closest point to the Sun) in January, 2022. Comet Leonard was considered a Sun-grazing comet, the most commonly known comets that make close passes of the Sun. The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft has detected about 4,000 Sun-grazers since it launched in 1995.

But there are also near-Sun, Sun-skirters and Sun-divers. However, the nomenclature and difference between them all is not clearly defined, says Karl Battams, from the US Naval Research Laboratory in Washington DC. Battams tracks Sun-grazing comets with data from SOHO, particularly those that belong to the ‘Kreutz’ family of comets, named after Heinrich Kreutz, a nineteenth-century astronomer who calculated many of their orbits.

“There’s no clearly defined separation between what we would classify as a near-Sun versus Sun-grazing comet,” Battams said via email. But he was part of a group of astronomers that drafted some guidelines in a 2018 survey paper.

They proposed clear definitions for comets, based on how close they get to the Sun: near-Sun comets should encompass all objects that come within the orbit of Mercury, about .3 AU. Sunskirters are defined as objects that pass within 33 solar radii of the Sun’s center, equal to half of Mercury’s perihelion distance, and the commonly-used phrase Sun-grazers to be objects that reach perihelion within 3.45 solar radii. Finally, comets with orbits that intersect the solar photosphere are termed Sun-divers.

But, says Battams, the definitions can still be confusing because all Sun-grazing comets are near-Sun comets, but not all near-Sun comets are Sun-grazing comets.

The near-Sun comet that was recently observed while breaking apart, named 323P/SOHO, is a short-period ‘near-Sun’ (but NOT Sun-grazing) comet that experienced a different environment to the Kreutz Sun-grazers.

“Instead of plunging deep into the corona and getting ripped apart or vaporized,” said Battams, “it has been getting slowly baked with repeated passes in a toasty environment, leading to a slow-but-steady demise. Probably many of the non-Kreutz that SOHO sees are undergoing this process, but this is the first time we’ve been able to definitely say that this is what’s happening.”

Battams, who was not involved in the ground-based study of this comet, said this first- of-its-kind observations for this class of comet is an important result for telling us about the evolution and end stage of comets in that “near-Sun” region. An outstanding question is that there are far fewer observed near-Sun objects than models show there should be.

Comet 323P/SOHO was discovered in 1999 with SOHO, and is a relatively small comet, with a nucleus of only about 172 meters (560 ft) in diameter. It rotates quickly, at 0.522 hr., the most rapid rotation of every known comet in the Solar System. Its orbital period is just over four years, so it has come close to the Sun several times. Plus, on its final pass, it came perilously close to the Sun, with a perihelion of only 0.04 astronomical units. While a larger comet could perhaps survive such a close approach, smaller comets that come that close are skirting with eventual doom.  

Because comets like 323P pass so close to the Sun, they are difficult to spot and observe. To study this object, an international group of astronomers from Macau, the US, Germany, Taiwan, and Canada used multiple telescopes including the Subaru Telescope, the Canada France Hawaii Telescope (CFHT), the Gemini North telescope, Lowell’s Discovery Telescope, as well as the Hubble Space Telescope.

Observations with the Surbaru telescope, which has a wide field of view, marked the first time 323P/SOHO was captured by a ground-based telescope. With this data, the researchers were able to better constrain the orbit, and they knew where to point the other telescopes when 323P/SOHO started to move away from the Sun again.

To their surprise the researchers found that 323P/SOHO had changed remarkably during perihelion. In the Subaru Telescope data, 323P/SOHO was just a dot.

“However, in our post-perihelion observations, it developed a long, narrow tail mimicking a disintegrating cometary debris cloud,” the authors wrote in their paper.

They also found that 323P/SOHO’s color is unlike anything else in the Solar System. They says observations of other near-Sun comets are needed to see if they also share these traits.

The researchers said they believe that the intense radiation from the Sun caused parts of the comet to break off due to thermal fracturing, similar to how ice cubes crack when you pour a hot drink over them. This mass loss mechanism could help explain what happens to near-Sun comets and why there are so few of them.

The researchers hope to spot whatever remains of the comet on its next perihelion in order to learn more about it. But it will likely plunge into the Sun on one of the next close passes.  

Sources:

• Paper: The Lingering Death of Periodic Near-Sun Comet 323P/SOHO.
  NAOJ Press release
  Email exchange with Karl Battams

The post Astronomers Watched a “Near-Sun” Comet Disintegrate as it Flew too Close to the Sun appeared first on Universe Today.

Source: 

• https://www.universetoday.com/156357/astronomers-watched-a-near-sun-comet-disintegrate-as-it-flew-too-close-to-the-sun/

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

David Wilcock & Corey Goode: The Cosmic Secret Documentary

Author David Wilcock and an array of researchers, scientists and archaeologists offer their perspectives on humanity’s long-lost cosmic origins.

For time immemorial we have looked to the stars for answers to unlock our past. We have interpreted prophecy with the hope of predetermining our future, and yet questions remain. Who are we? Why are we here and what is our destiny? In “The Cosmic Secret,” David Wilcock & Corey Goode, along with researchers, scientists, and archeologists, try to answer these very questions.

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

What's Killing The Cattle In The USA? Three Theories And One Stands Out!!

What’s Killing The Cattle In The USA?

1.  It is suggested heat is the cause of this, but if so, why hasn’t it happened like this before? Seems highly unlikely and unreasonable.

2. Zetatalk suggests these are methane deaths.

What would cause such a thing like this?? Maybe the cause was something like release of methane but I checked the last 9 days in that area. It hasn’t been any major earthquake around the zone. Would the zetas care to comment on this subject? [and from another] What’s killing the cattle in the USA? [and from another] 

https://twitter.com/myrontmoore/status/1537131014593576960 

[and from another] Extreme heat and humidity kill thousands of cattle in Kansas June 15, 2022 

https://www.agdaily.com/news/extreme-heat-and-humidity-kill-thousands-of-cattle-in-kansas/ 

This week, temperatures reached up to 108 degrees Fahrenheit with little cooling factor from wind. 

The clues as to what killed mass numbers of cows in Kansas is their behavior just before death. If overheated, they would not group together as this prevents cooling by wind. Grouping together is something the cows would do in the dead of Winter if trying to get warm. Why would a herd mass by the fence, as though trying to get away from something offensive? Methane deaths in sheep and antelope and especially fish and birds are of record during the 7 of 10 Plate Movements, and the entire Mainland of the US is being shifted westward at this time. These were methane deaths. https://zetatalk.com/ning/30ju2022.htm IITM:  Now the methane theory seems more plausible, but it also FALSE!  The reason being, is that the methane would have affected other animals, insects, birds etc… NO MASSIVE BIRD DIE-OFF, WHICH WOULD HAVE LIKELY HAPPENED AT THE SAME TIME.  IF THE METHANE WAS LOW LEVEL, THERE WOULD HAVE BEEN OTHER ANIMALS DEAD TOO. 3. What is the next theory to consider? Well… there are a few clues… i) the animals died near the fence. ii) only one species died iii) no humans died iv) there are several assaults against the food supply v) the elite want humans to eat bugs So the next reasonable theory is that this is a manmade cause of death.  The military already have into use, microwave weapons, which they use to get crowds to disperse… but what if they can also use that same technology to CORRAL humans or cows into a gathered space? This event can have a two-fold purpose:

1.  As a practice test for future events to now target cattle, as part of the food scarcity plan.
2. As a practice test for future events, to cattle humans into contained areas for mass disposal.

They call it ‘non-lethal’… do you believe they can’t turn up the juice?

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

Plane Investigates UFO Fleet And Gets Abducted! Tacoma, Washington June 17, 2022, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: June 17, 2022

Location of sighting: Tacoma, Washington, USA
Source: MUFON

 

Guys, this just in from Washington state.  An eyewitness recorded a UFO fleet appearing in the sky over the water of Narrows Channel, which means these UFOs were appearing one by one before they shot off, or went down into the water. These UFOs are huge, about the size of two 747 jets and they are waiting for the whole group to gather before they leave. They are coming from an underwater alien base, 5km below the floor of the Narrows Channel. Awesome catch, rare sighting indeed! 100% proof that aliens live on this planet with us! What really makes this a doubly rare sighting is that fact that I see an small plane pass the UFOs and disappears near a UFO! A pilot investigated them close up, but looks like a public single engine aircraft got abducted in the process. Taken to the aliens home planet for further study.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

Eyewitness states: 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

Diamond looking UFO over Morro Bay, California TODAY

This bright unidentified flying object was filmed over Morro Bay, CA today (19th June 2022).

Witness report: 

Thought it was a Father’s Day ballon at first then noticed how bright light reflected from object. Object seemed to elevate in altitude and was nearly impossible to find in sky until light reflected from surface.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

Two Alien Arms Shooting Out Of Mars Surface, NASA Link, June 18, 2022, UFO Sighting News.

Date of discovery: June 18, 2022

Location of discovery: Mars

Source URL: 

• https://mars.nasa.gov/resources/26810/curiosity-spots-finger-like-rocks/

Hey check this out. Two long metallic objects are seen on Mars sticking out off a huge rock. NASA tries to say these are metallic minerals that are visible due to the rock around them wearing away from windblown sand. However that is not the case here. What we see are two metal arms sticking out of an actual alien under that rock. I believe if you lift up this huge rock, you will find the remainder of the creature. I think something threw this huge rock on purpose to kill the alien creature attacking it. This creature has an exoskeleton...an outer skeleton like an insect would have. Thus, this is an intelligent insect species that was attacking and was killed here. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

NASA States: 

NASA’s Curiosity Mars rover spotted these finger-like rocks with its Mast Camera, or Mastcam, on May 15, 2022, the 3,474th Martian day, or sol, of the mission. These likely formed as groundwater trickled through rock in the ancient past, depositing mineral cements over time; many years later, when the rock was exposed to the atmosphere, wind eroded the softer material around the cemented portions. The rocks were found on Mount Sharp, the 3-mile-tall (5-kilometer-tall) mountain that Curiosity has been climbing since 2014.

 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

UFO Creates Wormhole In Sky Over Salem, Wisconsin, USA June 19, 2022, UFO Sighting News.

Below the UFO is enlarged and has added shadow to bring out the detail of the UFO.

 

Date of sighting: June 19, 2022

Location of sighting: Salem, Wisconsin, USA

Email report

 

This UFO created a glowing ring around it in the night sky which may have been a cloud, or caused by its propulsion system slowing down or speeding up to quickly...revealing the wormhole it came from or was about to shoot into. Wisconsin in near the great lakes, which is a hotspot for UFO activity and is known for having incredible depth to them...which aliens love for making their bases deep under the lakes floor to stay out of the prying eyes of humans. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

 

Eyewitness states: 

Looked like a moving star. Stopped then created a smoking ring and kept moving. Saw what looked like a moving star. It was moving then stopped for a second and saw a beam come from center and split into into two that went outward to make a partial circle and created a smoke ring and the object kept moving in almost a zig zag pattern.

 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

Glowing Craft Seen Over Saint Michaels, Maryland On June 18, 2022, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: June 18, 2022

Location of sighting: Saint Michaels, Maryland, USA
Email report

 

Hey this just in. An eyewitness in Maryland saw a glowing craft with three lights on holding position in the sky, then shooting away. The craft was silent as it moved. UFOs come in all shapes, sizes and colors. But one thing they all have in common, they leave us stunned after we see them. It changes us forever, changes how we see the world around us, changes how we see our own existence and that of the universe. We live in an amazing place and time.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

 

Eyewitness states: 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

China announces via state media that it may have detected signals from an ALIEN CIVILISATION – before mysteriously deleting the report

• China detected unusual signals using its Sky Eye telescope in Guizhou province

• The news was announced then deleted by China's state-backed science website 

• Sky Eye launched back in September 2020 to search for extraterrestrial signals 

By JONATHAN CHADWICK FOR MAILONLINE 

China has claimed that it may have received a message from an alien civilisation using its $180 million Sky Eye telescope, according to reports. 

Sky Eye, a 1,640-foot-diameter telescope based in China's Guizhou province, has detected unusual electromagnetic signals that scientists claim could have alien origins.

The news was revealed in a report by Science and Technology Daily, the official newspaper of China's Ministry of Science and Technology, based in Beijing. 

But according to Bloomberg, Science and Technology Daily deleted the report shortly after it was posted, although it's uncertain why. 

China claims to have received a message from an alien civilisation, mysterious radio signals suggest (file photo)

Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, also known as FAST or Sky Eye, is based in a natural basin in Guizhou

'Sky Eye telescope may have picked up signs of life beyond Earth, according to a report by the state-backed Science and Technology Daily, which then appeared to have deleted the report and posts about the discovery,' Bloomberg says.

'The news had already started trending on social network Weibo and was picked up by other media outlets, including state-run ones.' 

The Science and Technology Daily report cited Zhang Tonjie, chief scientist of an extraterrestrial civilization search team co-founded by Beijing Normal University, the National Astronomical Observatory of China and the University of California, Berkeley. 

The team detected two sets of suspicious signals in 2020 while processing data collected in 2019, and found another suspicious signal in 2022 while observing exoplanets – planets outside our solar system.  

Zhang said the suspicious signals could also be some kind of radio interference, so further investigation is required. 

MailOnline has contacted the National Astronomical Observatory of China for comment. 

Currently, no life beyond Earth has ever been found, but this does not mean that the universe is lifeless other than on Earth, according to NASA. 

The US space agency says: 'While no clear signs of life have ever been detected, the possibility of extraterrestrial biology – the scientific logic that supports it – has grown increasingly plausible.'

Due to its size, Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, also known as FAST or Sky Eye, has one of the best chances of discovering alien life. 

It was launched in September 2020 specifically to search interstellar communication signals that suggest alien life and potentially habitable exoplanets. 

As its official name suggests, FAST has a diameter of 500 meters (1,640 feet), making it the world’s largest full dish radio telescope. 

The dish-like telescope, as large as 30 football fields, costed 1.2 billion yuan (about $180 million)

Engineers work at the control centre for the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) on February 3, 2021 in Pingtang County, Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province of China

It's able to scan twice the sky area covered by the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico, the previous record holder for the largest single-aperture radio telescope in the world. 

FAST can deliver readings between three and five times more sensitive than those from Arecibo Observatory, which is why scientists have been hopeful the telescope could lead to a breakthrough in the search for alien life. 

A 65-person village was destroyed before construction of FAST began, and more than 9,000 people in the surrounding countryside were forced to relocate to create a three-mile radius around the telescope without any electromagnetic interference.

According to government officials, each person was given the equivalent of $1,800 in compensation for the relocation. 

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

China claims to have caught signals from extraterrestrial civilizations

As shown in a report by the country Science and Technology Daily, China’s gigantic Sky Eye observatory may have picked up signals of alien civilizations. The news and posts about this finding subsequently appeared to be erased.

The world’s largest radio telescope, Sky Eye, had detected narrow-band electromagnetic signals, which were different from those previously captured, according to the report, which quotes Zhang Tonjie, chief scientist of an extraterrestrial civilization search team co-founded by Beijing Normal University, the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ National Astronomical Observatory, and also the University of California, Berkeley.

However, the news already had gained traction on the social network Weibo and was picked up by several other media outlets, including government ones, it is unclear why the study was evidently taken offline by the Science and Technology Daily, the official newspaper of China’s science and technology ministry.

Sky Eye, which has a diameter of 500 meters (1,640 feet) and is located in China’s southwestern Guizhou region, formally commenced a search for alien life in September 2020. According to the paper, the team discovered two sets of suspicious signals in 2020 while processing data acquired in 2019, and another suspect signal in 2022 from observation data of exoplanet targets.

According to Zhang, China’s Sky Eye is particularly sensitive to the low-frequency radio band and plays a crucial role in the hunt for extraterrestrial civilizations.

However, the odd signals might possibly be radio interference, requiring additional research, he warned.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

In this Exopolitics Today interview, Laura Eisenhower, the great granddaughter of President ‘Ike’ Eisenhower, discusses how she got involved in UFO and esoteric related topics. She discusses her family background and the meetings Ike had with different extraterrestrial groups, especially with Valiant Thor.

Laura explains how Ike was betrayed by the MJ-12 Group which made agreements with a negative extraterrestrial group without his approval that led to him being on the verge of authorizing the US Army to invade Area 51 to take control of classified extraterrestrial projects. She also explains an attempt by the Deep State/Cabal to recruit her to go to Mars 2006, where she would have been prevented from taking part in the great awakening happening right now on Earth. Laura shares her many insights into metaphysics, astrology, key figures in her spiritual work, and humanity’s great awakening.

• Interview Available on YouTube & Rumble
• Audio Podcast on Apple, Spotify, or Google

Laura Eisenhower’s website is Cosmicgaia.org

The “Galactic and Spiritual Informers Connection” conference will be held on October 21-23, 2022. Official website is galacticspiritualinformers.com

{ https://exopolitics.org/ }

A Rare Repeating Fast Radio Burst Gives Astronomers a Chance to Study These Mysterious Objects

Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) are among the most mysterious astronomical phenomena facing astronomers today. While hundreds of bursts have been detected since the first-ever recorded detection of an FRB in 2007 – the Lorimer Burst – astronomers are still unsure what causes them. Even more mysterious, some have occasionally been found to be repeating in nature, which has fueled speculation that they may not be natural in origin (i.e., possible alien transmissions?). Astronomers are naturally very excited whenever a repeating FRB is found, as it gives them the chance to examine them closer.

In a recent survey, an international team of scientists used three major telescopes worldwide to study a repeating FRB (known as FRB 190520) that was first observed in 2019. According to their observations, this particular FRB is not just a repeating source from a compact object but a persistent one that emits low-level bursts of radio waves between larger ones. These findings raise new questions about the nature of these mysterious objects and how they can be used as tools to probe the space between stars and galaxies.

The study that describes their findings, titled “A repeating fast radio burst associated with a persistent radio source,” was recently published in the journal Nature. The research was led by Catherine Hui Niu and Di Li of the National Astronomical Observatories (NAO) at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in Beijing and Kaspar Aggarwal of the Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology at West Virginia University. They were joined by researchers from Caltech, the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, and multiple universities and observatories.

A Mystery

FRBs are short-lived, intense blasts of radio energy that typically last for a few milliseconds and are never heard from again. The first FRB was detected in 2007 by Duncan Lorimer, an astronomer at West Virginia University (hence the name “Lorimer Burst “) and several hundred have been detected ever since. Whereas most FRBs detected have been one-off events, a few have been repeating in nature and have even been traced back to their sources.

The study of FRBs has advanced considerably thanks to the creation of next-generation radio observatories like China’s Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) and the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) – which commenced operations in 2016 and 2017 (respectively). Thanks to these facilities, astronomers have narrowed the list of possible causes and can now detect hundreds of bursts per year and track FRBs in real-time.

Because of these efforts, astronomers have found a strong link between repeating FRBs and magnetars, a highly-magnetized type of neutron star. Combined with global coordination efforts, astronomers have gathered a huge amount of data on these transient objects to the point that their transient nature is no longer impeding research into them.

Two of a Kind

FRB 190520 was first noticed by scientists at China’s FAST array on May 20th, 2019, after sifting through data obtained in November of that year. Follow-up observations conducted with FAST immediately afterward showed that this source was repeating in nature. In 2020, observations with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) pinpoint the object’s location, while visible-light observations with the Subaru Telescope in Hawaii showed that this placed it in the outskirts of a dwarf galaxy nearly 3 billion light-years from Earth.

The data obtained with the VLA also determined that the object constantly emits weaker radio waves between bursts. These observations provided the first information about the environment and distance of an FRB, which constituted a major breakthrough in the study of these objects. However, the combination of repeating bursts and persistent radio emissions from a compact region meant that this discovery was only the second of its kind. As Caltech astronomer (and study co-author) Casey Law explained, the only other object of this kind was FRB 121102, which was spotted in 2016.

“These characteristics make this one look a lot like the very first FRB whose position was determined — also by the VLA — back in 2016,” she said. “Now we have two like this, and that brings up some important questions.” The differences between these two sources and all others detected to date strengthen the possibility that there may be two distinct types of FRBs, something astronomers have long suspected.

Possible Explanations

The team proposed that these results could indicate one of two things. First, there’s the possibility that there may be different mechanisms producing the two types of FRBs observed (single events and repeating) or that the objects producing them may be at different stages in their evolution. As noted, the leading candidates for FRBs are thought to be neutron stars with ultra-strong magnetic fields – called magnetars. But after examining FRB 190520, they came to the tentative conclusion that it may be a “newborn” neutron star.

Essentially, this means that the neutron star is still surrounded by dense clouds of dust and gas, which are the remains of the star’s outer layers that were ejected when it went supernova. The presence of this material, they claim, would explain the effect the source’s radio waves had on the surrounding environment. Like pulsars, FRBs affect the dust and gas that lies between star systems and galaxies, which astronomers can study to learn more about the material. For instance, when radio waves pass through space containing free electrons, higher-frequency waves travel faster than low-frequency waves.

This effect is known as “dispersion” and can be measured to determine the density of electrons in interstellar or intergalactic space. In instances where the density of electrons in the intervening space is known, FRBs can also be used to determine the distance between a source and Earth. When the team attempted to make distance measurements based on the dispersion effect FRB 190520 had on the surrounding gas and dust, the results indicated a distance of roughly 8 to 9.5 billion light-years. However, independent measurements based on the source’s Doppler shift produced an estimate of almost 3 billion light-years.

This explanation has multiple implications for the study of FRBs. For one, it demonstrates that repeating bursts could be characteristic of younger neutron stars and that these FRBs dwindle with age as the gas and dust clouds surrounding them dissipate. Second, it raises questions about how useful FRBs could be in determining the distances between celestial objects and the density of the space between them. Said Aggarwal:

“This means that there is a lot of material near the FRB that would confuse any attempt to use it to measure the gas between galaxies. If that’s the case with others, then we can’t count on using FRBs as cosmic yardsticks.”

While it is clear that many questions remain about the sources and mechanisms of Fast Radio Bursts, the progress being made in this field is astounding. Only fifteen years ago, astronomers had observed one for the first time and didn’t realize they came in two distinct forms. Today, FRBs are being detected and tracked by the hundreds, and astronomers are getting closer to determining the key characteristics of both types. In this sense, the field of FRB research is right up there with research into Gravitational Waves (GW), infrared astronomy, exoplanet studies, astrobiology, and others that are progressing by leaps and bounds!

• Further Reading: NRAO

The post A Rare Repeating Fast Radio Burst Gives Astronomers a Chance to Study These Mysterious Objects appeared first on Universe Today.

Source: 

• https://www.universetoday.com/156275/a-rare-repeating-fast-radio-burst-gives-astronomers-a-chance-to-study-these-mysterious-objects/

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

Crashed Extraterrestrial Vehicle Retrieval Manual in Governmental The Majestic Documents: Origins and Impact Today

Dr. Robert Wood and Ryan Wood have been investigating leaked Majestic Documents since 1994 when the former was given a leaked copy of an apparent official document used by military personnel for retrieval operations of crashed extraterrestrial spacecraft. Dr. Wood had only a year earlier retired from a 43 year career with McDonnell Douglas/Douglas Aircraft company as an aerospace scientist on projects such as the Project Nike anti-missile defense system. He was helped in his document investigation by his son Ryan – who currently runs an alternative energy company. After a rigorous forensic investigation they concluded the SOM document was authentic. Over the subsequent years the Woods team have investigated many official documents that have security classifications such as MAJIC, MJ-12, MAJESTIC, JEHOVAH, and UMBRA.

Dr. Robert Wood and Ryan Wood have been investigating leaked Majestic Documents since 1994 when the former was given a leaked copy of an apparent official document used by military personnel for retrieval operations of crashed extraterrestrial spacecraft. Dr. Wood had only a year earlier retired from a 43 year career with McDonnell Douglas/Douglas Aircraft company as an aerospace scientist on projects such as the Project Nike anti-missile defense system. He was helped in his document investigation by his son Ryan – who currently runs an alternative energy company. After a rigorous forensic investigation they concluded the SOM document was authentic.

Over the subsequent years the Woods team have investigated many official documents that have security classifications such as MAJIC, MJ-12, MAJESTIC, JEHOVAH, and UMBRA. These have been compiled on a website created by Ryan called MajesticDocuments.com. He cited many Majestic Documents in his groundbreaking 2005 book, Majic Eyes Only, where he examined 74 crash retrieval cases.

In their first joint interview with Dr. Michael Salla, the Woods discuss how they got involved in researching the Majestic Documents, the contents of key documents for understanding UFO history. Especially significant was their research into the Burned Memo document which they concluded is linked to the assassination of President John F. Kennedy for his efforts to declassify the UFO topic.

These have been compiled on a website created by Ryan called MajesticDocuments.com. He cited many Majestic Documents in his groundbreaking 2005 book, Majic Eyes Only, where he examined 74 crash retrieval cases. In their first joint interview with Dr. Michael Salla, the Woods discuss how they got involved in researching the Majestic Documents, the contents of key documents for understanding UFO history. Especially significant was their research into the Burned Memo document which they concluded is linked to the assassination of President John F. Kennedy for his efforts to declassify the UFO topic. More information about Dr. Robert Wood and Ryan Wood is available at MajesticDocuments.com

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

Strange Disney Movie Proves In 1959 They Were Able To Move a Hurricane!

In 1959 They Were Able To Move a Hurricane! A Walt Disney Presentation? BEOFRE we look to ‘Space Force’ lets analyze our past. Can you handle the truth? Examine the Past, Before we move Forward. #SpaceForce #Nasa #Dorian2019

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

The Banned Disney UFO Documentary: Alien Encounters From New Tomorrowland

“Alien Encounters From New Tomorrowland” BANNED DISNEY UFO DOCUMENTARY In March of 1995, without warning, Disney aired a family special. the documentary was so controversial that it was pulled from the airwaves and banned from ever being shown again. Robert Urich, the legendary Jim Street in S.W.A.T. (1975), is the host of this voyage around the UFO’s and its mystery.

From New Tomorrowland, in Disneyland, Urich talks about UFO, contacts, evidence of it arrives, abductions, military documents, and other things that surround this controversial thematic. From the 30′s years ahead, the UFOs always have been there very close to us, every day, every time. Exist the aliens?,in truth, they come to planet Earth? Could it be a fiction created by the military?

And the last and most important question: if they exist, would they will be our friends…or our enemies? Written by Chockys

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

NASA Lies Again Announcing Formation of Committee To Investigate UFOs! UFO Sighting News.

 NASA was created on July 29, 1958 in order to hide the existence of aliens from the public. Yeah its different than you thought, but its 100% true. 

This week NASA announced that its assembling a team to research the possibility of UFOs existing. Thats like asking a lion to kindly watch over and protect your baby lamb for a few days while you are away. The truth is NASA will create the UFO committee the same way and purpose that NASA itself was created for...to hide the truth about the existence of aliens from the public, but all the while drop feeding worthless scientific facts to the public which is meant to appease the curiosity of the public. 

I can give you a list of ten astronauts who each say they saw a UFO and give you word for word what they say about it. So if you want to go and believe a fake committee that is being created to discredit and disinform the public about the truth, go right ahead. However for over 64 years NASA has lived up to its public nickname, Never A Straight Answer. 

There is one and only one way for the truth to come out. For the public to hunt it down, grab it, and drag it out into the public square for all to see (Social Media). Only the public can reveal the truth, only the public has the trust of other people. The other countries around the world lost trust in America after the fake moon landings to make the USA appear as a world power...which by the way, are listed as fakes in lots of student history books worldwide. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

250km Wall Found On Mars South Pole! USGS Link! Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of discovery: June 17, 2022

Location of discovery: Mars South Pole

Source photo: 

• https://astrogeology.usgs.gov/search/map/Mars/Nomenclature/mc1_2014

Hey, I found this huge wall that crosses the right side of the south pole on Mars. The wall measures 250km long and about 45km tall. The ruler to get those measurements are on the bottom of the photo, placed there by NASA so you know its accurate. There are also a lot of other structures, a city, some 30km alien ships in craters, some square bases in craters and more. So many things in this photo, but understand, it was colorful, but I changed the photo into black and white so that I could see the structures better. Otherwise, it would be impossible to see. 

 

In a ten minute video, I revealed more than NASA did in the last 50 years! Do you still believe NASA offering to help research UFOs is a true offer of help from them? Because if you do, then I got a 30km aliens ship on Mars I want to sell you.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

 

 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

Space Relic Uncovered at UFO Crash Site

Ancient Astronaut Theorists travel to central New Mexico to examine a UFO crash site related to Roswell, in this clip from Season 15, “The Relics of Roswell.”

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

Civilizations Don’t Even Need Space Ships to Migrate From Star System to Star System

It still takes us five years to get an orbiter to Jupiter at our technological stage. There’s lots of talk about generation starships, where humans could live for generations while en route to a distant habitable planet. Those ships don’t need to reach anywhere near the speed of light; instead, entire generations of humans would live and die on a journey to another star that takes hundreds or thousands of years. It’s fun to think about but pure fantasy at this point.

Is there another way we, or other civilizations, could escape our doomed homes?

The author of a new research article in the International Journal of Astrobiology says that ETCs may not need starships to escape existential threats and travel to another star system. They could instead use free-floating planets, also known as rogue planets. The article is “Migrating extraterrestrial civilizations and interstellar colonization: implications for SETI and SETA.” The author is Irina Romanovskaya. Romanovskaya is a Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Houston Community College.

“I propose that extraterrestrial civilizations may use free-floating planets as interstellar transportation to reach, explore and colonize planetary systems,” Romanovskaya writes. And when it comes to the search for other civilizations, these efforts could leave technosignatures and artifacts. “I propose possible technosignatures and artifacts that may be produced by extraterrestrial civilizations using free-floating planets for interstellar migration and interstellar colonization, as well as strategies for the search for their technosignatures and artifacts,” she said.

It’s possible that rogue planets, either in the Milky Way or some of the other hundreds of billions of galaxies, carry their own life with them in subsurface oceans kept warm by radiogenic decay. Then if they meet a star and become gravitationally bound, that life has effectively used a rogue planet to transport itself, hopefully, to somewhere more hospitable. So why couldn’t a civilization mimic that?

We think of free-floating planets as dark, cold, and inhospitable. And they are unless they have warm subsurface oceans. But they also offer some advantages. “Free-floating planets can provide constant surface gravity, large amounts of space and resources,” Romanovskaya writes. “Free-floating planets with surface and subsurface oceans can provide water as a consumable resource and for protection from space radiation.”

An advanced civilization could also engineer the planet for an even greater advantage by steering it and developing energy sources. Romanovskaya suggests that if we’re on the verge of using controlled fusion, then advanced civilizations might already be using it, which could change a frigid rogue planet into something that could support life.  

The author outlines four scenarios where ETCs could take advantage of rogue planets.

The first scenario involves a rogue planet that happens to pass by the homeworld of an ETC. How often that might occur is tied to the number of rogue planets in general. So far, we don’t know how many there are, but there are certainly some. In 2021, a team of researchers announced the discovery of between 70 and 170 rogue planets, each the size of Jupiter, in one region of the Milky Way. And in 2020, one study suggested there could be as many as 50 billion of them in our galaxy.

Where do they all come from? Most are likely ejected from their solar systems due to gravitational events, but some may form via accretion as stars do.

Another source of rogue planets is our Solar System’s Oort Cloud. If other systems also have a cloud of objects like this, they can be an abundant source of rogue planets ejected by stellar activity. Romanovskaya writes: “Stars with 1–7 times solar mass undergoing the post-main-sequence evolution, as well as a supernova from a 7–20 times solar mass progenitor, can eject Oort-cloud objects from their systems so that such objects become unbound from their host stars.”

But how often can an ETC, or our civilization, expect a rogue planet to come close enough to hitchhike on? A 2015 study showed that the binary star W0720 (Scholz’s star) passed through our Solar System’s Oort Cloud about 70,000 years ago. While that was a star and not a planet, it shows that objects pass relatively close by. If the studies that predict billions of free-floating planets are correct, then some of them likely passed close by, or right through, the Oort Cloud long before we had the means to detect them.

The Oort Cloud is a long way away, but a sufficiently advanced civilization could have the capability to see a rogue planet approaching and go out and meet it.µ

The second scenario involves using technology to steer a rogue planet closer to a civilization’s home. With sufficient technology, they could choose an object from their own Oort Cloud—assuming they have one—and use a propulsion system to direct it towards a safe orbit near their planet. With sufficient lead time, they could adapt the object to their needs, for example, by building underground shelters and other infrastructure. Maybe, with adequate technology, they could alter or create an atmosphere.

The third scenario is similar to the second one. It also involves an object from the civilization’s outer Solar System. Romanovskaya uses the dwarf planet Sedna in our Solar System as an example. Sedna has a highly eccentric orbit that takes it from 76 AUs from the Sun to 937 AU in about 11,000 years. With sufficient technology and lead time, an object like Sedna could be turned into an escape ship. The author notes that “Civilizations capable of doing so would be advanced civilizations that already have their planetary systems explored to the distances of at least 60 AU from their host stars.”

There are lots of potential problems. Bringing a dwarf planet from the distant reaches of the Solar System into the inner Solar System could disrupt the orbits of other planets, leading to all sorts of hazards. But the dangers are mitigated if a civilization around a post-main sequence star has already migrated outward with the changing habitable zone. Romanovskaya discusses the energy needed and the timing required in more detail in her article.

The fourth scenario also involves objects like Sedna. When a star leaves the main sequence and expands, there’s a critical distance where objects will be ejected from the system rather than remain gravitationally bound to the dying star. If an ETC could accurately determine when these objects would be ejected as rogue planets, they could prepare it beforehand and ride it out of the dying solar system. That could be extraordinarily perilous, as periods of violent mass loss from the star creates an enormous hazard.

In all of these scenarios, the rogue planet or other body isn’t a permanent home; it’s a lifeboat. “For all the above scenarios, free-floating planets may not serve as a permanent means of escape from existential threats,” the author explains. “Because of the waning heat production in their interior, such planets eventually fail to sustain oceans of liquid water (if such oceans exist).” 

Free-floating planets are also isolated and have fewer resources than planets in a solar system. There are no asteroids to mine, for example, and no free solar energy. There are no seasons and no night and day. There are no plants, animals, or even bacteria. They’re simply a means to an end. “Therefore, instead of making free-floating planets their permanent homes, extraterrestrial civilizations would use the free-floating planets as interstellar transportation to reach and colonize other planetary systems,” writes Romanovskaya.

In her article, Professor Romanovskaya speculates where this could lead. She envisions a civilization that does this more than once, not to escape a dying star but to spread throughout a galaxy and colonize it. “In this way, the parent-civilization may create unique and autonomous daughter-civilizations inhabiting different planets, moons or regions of space.”

“A civilization of Cosmic Hitchhikers would act as a ‘parent-civilization’ spreading the seeds of ‘daughter-civilizations’ in the form of its colonies in planetary systems,” she writes. “This applies to both biological and post-biological species.”

Humanity is only in the early stages of protecting ourselves from catastrophic asteroid impacts, and we can’t yet manage our planet’s climate with any degree of stability. So thinking about using rogue planets to keep humanity alive seems pretty far-fetched. But Romanovskaya’s research isn’t about us; it’s about detecting other civilizations.

All of this activity could create technosignatures and artifacts that signified the presence of an ETC. The research article outlines what they might be and how we could detect them. Rogue planets used as lifeboats could create technosignatures like electromagnetic emissions or other phenomena.

An ETC could use solar sails to control a rogue planet or use them on a spaceship launched from a rogue planet once they have reached their destination. In either case, solar sails produce a technosignature: cyclotron radiation. Maneuvering either a spacecraft or a rogue planet with solar sails would produce “… cyclotron radiation caused by the interaction of the interstellar medium with the magnetic sail.”

Infrared emissions could be another technosignature emitted as waste heat by an ETC on a rogue planet. An excessive amount of infrared or unnatural changes in the amount of infrared could be detected as a technosignature. Infrared could be emitted unevenly across the planet’s surface, indicating underlying engineering or technology. An unusual mix of different wavelengths of electromagnetic energy could also be a technosignature.

The atmosphere itself, if one existed, could also hold technosignatures. Depending on what was observed, it could contain evidence of terraforming.

For now, astronomers don’t know how many rogue planets there are or if they’re concentrated in some areas of the galaxy. We’re at the starting line when it comes to figuring these things out. But soon, we may get a better idea.

The Vera Rubin Observatory should see first light by 2023. This powerful observatory will image the entire available sky every few nights, and it’ll do it in fine detail. It houses the largest digital camera ever made: a 3.2 gigabyte CCD.

The Vera Rubin will be especially good at detecting transients, that is, anything that changes position or brightness in a couple of days. It’ll have a good chance of spotting any interlopers like rogue planets that might approach our Solar System.

There’s a strong possibility that some of those rogue planets will exhibit unusual emissions or puzzling phenomena. Scientists will probably puzzle over them as they did over Oumuamua.

Maybe another civilization more advanced than us has already faced an existential threat from their dying star. Maybe they made a Herculean effort to capture a rogue planet and engineer it to suit their needs. Maybe they’ve already boarded it and launched it towards a distant, stable, long-lived yellow star, with rocky planets in its habitable zone. Maybe they’re wondering if there’s any life at their destination and how they might be received after their long journey.

• Research Article: Migrating extraterrestrial civilizations and interstellar colonization: implications for SETI and SETA
• The Planetary Society: Is life possible on rogue planets and moons?
• Universe Today: Rogue Planets Could be Habitable

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

INTERSTELLAIR REIZEN ZONDER STERRENSCHIP: ALIENS DOEN HET MISSCHIEN!

Caroline Kraaijvanger

Bronmateriaal:

• "Migrating extraterrestrial civilizations and interstellar colonization: implications for SETI and SETA" - International Journal of Astrobiology
  Interview met Irina Mullins

{ https://www.scientias.nl/ }

{ https://www.hln.be/ }