Earth’s inner core is made mostly of solid iron, and can rotate separately from the outer parts of the planet.

Credit: Johan Swanepoel/SPL

Thousands of kilometres beneath your feet, Earth’s interior might be doing something very weird. Many scientists think that the inner core spins faster than the rest of the planet — but sometime in the past decade, according to a study, it apparently stopped doing so.

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“We were quite surprised,” say Yi Yang and Xiaodong Song, seismologists at Peking University in Beijing who reported the findings today in Nature Geoscience¹.

The results could help to shine light on the many mysteries of the deep Earth, including what part the inner core plays in maintaining the planet’s magnetic field and in affecting the speed of the whole planet’s rotation — and thus the length of a day. But they are just the latest instalment in a long-running effort to explain the inner core’s unusual rotation, and might not be the final word on the matter.

“I keep thinking we’re on the verge of figuring this out,” says John Vidale, a seismologist at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. “But I’m not sure.”

Mysteries of the deep

Researchers discovered the inner core in 1936, after studying how seismic waves from earthquakes travel through the planet. Changes in the speed of the waves revealed that the planet’s core, which is about 7,000 kilometres wide, consists of a solid centre, made mostly of iron, inside a shell of liquid iron and other elements. As iron from the outer core crystallizes on the surface of the inner core, it changes the density of the outer liquid, driving churning motions that maintain Earth’s magnetic field.

Researchers have learnt about the inner core’s rotation by studying earthquakes that originated in the same region, such as the Kuril Islands (shown here), over decades.

Credit: Getty

The liquid outer core essentially decouples the 2,400-kilometre-wide inner core from the rest of the planet, so the inner core can spin at its own pace. In 1996, Song and another researcher reported² studying earthquakes that originated in the same region over three decades, and whose energy was detected by the same monitoring station thousands of kilometres away. Since the 1960s, the scientists said, the travel time of seismic waves emanating from those earthquakes had changed, indicating that the inner core rotates faster than the planet’s mantle, the layer just beyond the outer core.

Later studies refined estimates of the rate of that ‘super-rotation’, to conclude that the inner core rotates faster than the mantle by about one-tenth of a degree per year. But not everyone agrees. Other work has suggested that super-rotation happens mostly in distinct periods, such as in the early 2000s, rather than being a continuous, steady phenomenon³. Some scientists even argue that super-rotation does not exist, and that the differences in earthquake travel times are instead caused by physical changes on the surface of the inner core⁴.

Last June, Vidale and Wei Wang, an Earth scientist also at the University of Southern California, threw another spanner into the works. Using data on seismic waves generated by US nuclear test blasts in 1969 and 1971, they reported that between those years, Earth’s inner core had ‘subrotated’, or rotated more slowly than the mantle⁵. Only after 1971, they say, did it speed up and begin to super-rotate.

A rotational shift

Now, Yang and Song say that the inner core has halted its spin relative to the mantle. They studied earthquakes mostly from between 1995 and 2021, and found that the inner core’s super-rotation had stopped around 2009. They observed the change at various points around the globe, which the researchers say confirms it is a true planet-wide phenomenon related to core rotation, and not just a local change on the inner core’s surface.

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The data hint that the inner core might even be in the process of shifting back towards subrotation. If so, something is probably happening to the magnetic and gravitational forces that drive the inner core’s rotation. Such changes might link the inner core to broader geophysical phenomena such as increases or decreases in the length of a day on Earth.

Still, many questions remain, such as how to reconcile the slow pace of the changes that Yang and Song report with some of the faster changes reported by others. The only way out of the morass is to wait for more earthquakes to happen. A “long history of continuous recording of seismic data is critical for monitoring the motion of the heart of the planet”, say Yang and Song.

“We just have to wait,” Vidale adds.

• doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-00167-1

{ https://www.nature.com/ }

The amount of dust is measured by the way it causes light from the AGN to shift toward the red end of the spectrum. This effect is known as “reddening,” and the amount of reddening corresponds directly to the amount of dimming. Although scientists have long recognized the possibility that dust dims the light from AGNs, the amount was widely considered negligible. The issue stemmed from the fact that astronomers predicted the amount of reddening based on theories regarding the intrinsic, unreddened colors astronomers should be seeing.

According to the results from this latest research, the amount of obscuring dust may be underestimated, much like the overall brightness of AGNs. The team reached this conclusion by studying the reddening effect of dust in the most well-studied AGN (NGC 5548) using seven different indicators. These included a mean AGN reddening curve, a standard reddening curve of the Milky Way, and the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) curve. In all cases, they found that the reddening of NGC 5548 was about 14 times greater than what is observed in the solar neighborhood due to the small amount of dust.

As Dr. Gaskell explained in a Royal Astronomical Society press release:

“When there are intervening small particles along our line of sight, this makes things behind them look dimmer. We see this at sunset on any clear day when the sun looks fainter. The good agreement between the different indicators of the amount of reddening was a pleasant surprise. It strongly supports simple theories of emission from active galactic nuclei. Exotic explanations of colors are not needed. This makes life simpler for researchers and is speeding up our understanding of what happens as black holes swallow material.”

Artist’s impression of a supermassive black hole and accretion disk.

Credit: ESA/Hubble, ESO, M. Kornmesse

These results show that In the ultraviolet wavelength, where most of their energy is radiated, a typical AGN puts out an order of magnitude more energy than previously thought. Another takeaway is that AGNs are very similar, and what was thought to be fundamental differences in brightness and energy output are actually the result of different amounts of dust. This could have drastic implications for our understanding of galactic formation, evolution, and the role played by SMBHs in both.

Further Reading: 

• Royal Astronomical Society, 
• MNRAS

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

A Novel Propulsion System Would Hurl Hypervelocity Pellets at a Spacecraft to Speed it up

As Prof. Davoyan told Universe Today via email, the problem with spacecraft is that they are still beholden to the Rocket Equation:

“All current spacecraft and rockets fly by expanding fuel. The faster the fuel is thrown away, the more efficient is the rocket. However, there is a limited amount fuel that we can carried on board. As a result, the velocity a spacecraft can be accelerated to is limited. This fundamental limit is dictated by the Rocket Equation. The limitations of Rocket Equation translate into a relatively slow and costly space exploration. Such missions as Solar Gravitational Lens are not feasible with current spacecraft.”

The Solar Gravitational Lens (SGL) is a revolutionary proposal that would be the most powerful telescope ever conceived. Examples include the Solar Gravity Lens, which was selected in 2020 for NIAC Phase III development. The concept relies on a phenomenon predicted by Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity known as Gravitational Lensing, where massive objects alter the curvature of spacetime, amplifying the light from objects in the background. This technique allows astronomers to study distant objects with greater resolution and precision.

By positioning a spacecraft at the heliopause (~500 AU from the Sun), astronomers could study exoplanets and distant objects with the resolution of a primary mirror measuring around 100 km (62 mi) in diameter. The challenge is developing a propulsion system that could get the spacecraft to this distance in a reasonable amount of time. To date, the only spacecraft to reach interstellar space have been the Voyager 1 and 2 probes, which launched in 1977 and are currently about 159 and 132 AUs from the Sun (respectively).

When it left the Solar System, the Voyager 1 probe was traveling at a record-breaking velocity of about 17 km/s (38,028 mph), or 3.6 AU a year. Nevertheless, this probe still took 35 years to reach the boundary between the Sun’s solar wind and the interstellar medium (the heliopause). At its current speed, it will take over 40,000 years for Voyager 1 to fly past another star system – AC+79 3888, an obscure star in the constellation Ursa Minor. For this reason, scientists are investigating directed energy (DE) propulsion to accelerate light sails, which could reach another star system in a matter of decades.

As Prof. Davoyan explained, this method offers some distinct advantages but also has its share of drawbacks:

“Laser sailing, unlike conventional spacecraft and rockets, does not require fuel on board to accelerate. Here acceleration comes from a laser pushing the spacecraft by radiation pressure. In principle, near-speed-of-light velocities can be reached with this method. However, laser beams diverge at long distances, meaning that there is only a limited distance range over which a spacecraft can be accelerated. This limitation of laser sailing leads to a need of having exorbitantly high laser powers, gigawatts, and in some proposals, terawatts, or puts a constraint on spacecraft mass.”

Examples of the laser-beam concept include Project Dragonfly, a feasibility study by the Institute for Interstellar Studies (i4is) for a mission that could reach a nearby star system within a century. Then there’s Breakthrough Starshot, which proposes a 100-gigawatt (Gw) laser array that would accelerate gram-scale nanocraft (Starchip). At a maximum velocity of 161 million km (100 million mi) or 20% of the speed of light, Starshot will be able to reach Alpha Centauri in about 20 years. Inspired by these concepts, Prof. Davoyan and his colleagues propose a novel twist on the idea: a pellet-beam concept.

This mission concept could serve as a fast-transit interstellar precursor mission, like Starshot and Dragonfly. But for their purposes, Davoyan and his team examine a pellet-beam system that would propel a ~900 kg (1 U.S. ton) payload to a distance of 500 AU in less than 20 years. Said Davoyan:

“In our case, the beam pushing the spacecraft is made of tiny pellets, hence [we call it] the pellet beam. Each pellet is accelerated to very high velocities by laser ablation, and then the pellets carry their momentum to push the spacecraft. Unlike a laser beam, pellets do not diverge as quickly, allowing us to accelerate a heavier spacecraft. The pellets, being much heavier than photons, carry more momentum and can transfer a higher force to a spacecraft.”

In addition, the small size and low mass of the pellets mean that they can be propelled by relatively low-power laser beams. Overall, Davoyan and his colleagues estimate that a 1-ton spacecraft could be accelerated to velocities of up to ~30 AU a year using a 10-megawatt (Mw) laser beam. For the Phase I effort, they will demonstrate the feasibility of the pellet-beam concept through detailed modeling of the different subsystems and proof-of-concept experiments. They will also explore the utility of the pellet-beam system for interstellar missions that could explore neighboring stars in our lifetimes.

“The pellet beam aims to transform the way deep space is explored by enabling fast transit missions to far-away destinations,” said Davoyan. “With the pellet beam, outer planets can be reached in less than a year, 100 AU in about three years, and solar gravity lens at 500 AU in about 15 years. Importantly, unlike other concepts, the pellet-beam can propel heavy spacecraft (~1 ton), which substantially increases the scope of possible missions.”

If realized, an SGL spacecraft would allow astronomers to directly image neighboring exoplanets (like Proxima b) with multipixel resolution and obtain spectra from their atmospheres. These observations would offer direct evidence of atmospheres, biosignatures, and possibly even technosignatures. In this way, the same technology that lets astronomers directly image exoplanets and study them in extensive detail would also enable interstellar missions to explore them directly.

Further Reading: 

• NASA

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

This image, which is brimming with stars and dark dust clouds, is a small extract — a mere pinprick — of the full Dark Energy Camera Plane Survey (DECaPS2) of the Milky Way. The new dataset contains a staggering 3.32 billion celestial objects — arguably the largest such catalog so far.

DECaPS2/DOE/FNAL/DECam/CTIO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA Image processing: M. Zamani & D. de Martin (NSF’s NOIRLab)

BY EVAN GOUGH

A New Survey of the Milky Way Reveals Billions of Objects, Helping to Map Our Surroundings in Three Dimensions

Will DECaPS2 make a similar contribution? It might, based on raw data alone.

“When combined with images from Pan-STARRS 1, DECaPS2 completes a 360-degree panoramic view of the Milky Way’s disk…”

Edward Schlafly, paper co-author, Space Telescope Science Institute.

A new paper in The Astrophysical Journal Supplement describes the new data release. It’s titled “The Dark Energy Camera Plane Survey 2 (DECaPS2): More Sky, Less Bias, and Better Uncertainties.” The lead author is Andrew K. Saydjari, a graduate student at Harvard University and a researcher at the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian.

DECaPS2 contains 3.32 billion objects built from 34 billion detections. The detections are in 21,400 exposures which added up to 260 hours of open shutter time with the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) at the Cerro Tololo observatory. Of the 3.32 billion objects, about 2 billion are stars. It took two years and produced over 10 terabytes of data. The first data set was released in 2017, and it contained 2 billion objects, most of which were also stars.

The survey focuses on the galactic disk, where most of the galaxy’s stars and dust are located. But the high density makes the region difficult to observe. The DECam Plane Survey overcomes this by performing “deep photometric surveys spanning a broad wavelength range (optical to NIR).”

“One of the main reasons for the success of DECaPS2 is that we simply pointed at a region with an extraordinarily high density of stars and were careful about identifying sources that appear nearly on top of each other,” said Saydjari. “Doing so allowed us to produce the largest catalogue ever from a single camera, in terms of the number of objects observed.”

The two data releases combined cover 6.5 percent of the night sky and span 130 degrees in length. That’s 13,000 times larger than the area of the full Moon. While 6.5 percent might not sound like a lot, it is. It’s even more impressive when combined with other sky surveys.

“When combined with images from Pan-STARRS 1, DECaPS2 completes a 360-degree panoramic view of the Milky Way’s disk and additionally reaches much fainter stars,” says Edward Schlafly, a researcher at the AURA-managed Space Telescope Science Institute and a co-author of the paper. “With this new survey, we can map the three-dimensional structure of the Milky Way’s stars and dust in unprecedented detail.”

“Astronomers will be poring over this detailed portrait of more than three billion stars in the Milky Way for decades to come.”

Debra Fischer, division director of Astronomical Sciences at NSF.

The galactic plane is difficult to observe. We’re embedded in it, and when we look toward the center, we’re looking through our arm of the Milky Way, through the central disk and beyond, into the spiral arms on the other side. It’s not just that there are hundreds of millions of stars—maybe way more—in this view. This is where most of the dust is located, too.

The image shows how beautiful and intriguing the dark lanes of dust are, but they’re also problematic. They absorb light from stars and can even block out faint stars entirely. There are many diffuse nebulae as well, and their light interferes with measurements of light from individual stars. The vast number of stars is also a challenge since they can overlap one another.

But understanding the central disk is critical to understanding the Milky Way. Observing in infrared helps overcome some of the challenges of observing the disk. Innovative data processing also helps. The team behind the survey came up with a way of predicting the background of each star. That made it easier to minimize the effects of overlapping stars and diffuse nebulae in the images.

“This is quite a technical feat. Imagine a group photo of over three billion people, and every single individual is recognizable!” says Debra Fischer, division director of Astronomical Sciences at NSF, one of the agencies that operates DECam. “Astronomers will be poring over this detailed portrait of more than three billion stars in the Milky Way for decades to come. This is a fantastic example of what partnerships across federal agencies can achieve.”

“Since my work on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey two decades ago, I have been looking for a way to make better measurements on top of complex backgrounds,” said Douglas Finkbeiner, a professor at the Center for Astrophysics, co-author of the paper, and principal investigator behind the project. “This work has achieved that and more!”

A century ago, we didn’t even know there were other galaxies. When astronomers saw the Andromeda galaxy and other spiral galaxies, they thought they were part of the Milky Way. They called them spiral nebula. Now we know better. We also know that the Milky Way is 90% dark matter and that the galaxy isn’t flat; it’s warped due to the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds tugging on it. We know that there’s a behemoth black hole lurking in the galactic center called Sagittarius A-star. We also know that galaxies grow so large by consuming and merging with other galaxies.

Large-scale astronomical surveys of the sky helped astronomers make some of these discoveries, and DECaPS promises to propel us to similar advancements. The first data release helped lead to some very interesting findings. One example is a 2018 paper that identified an old, metal-poor globular cluster in the galactic bulge. That was unusual since most globular clusters are in the galactic halo. Now, thanks to DECaPS and others, we know of many more globulars in the bulge.

The second data release will no doubt lead to many more discoveries and a filling-out of our knowledge about the galactic plane. “Combined with PS1, this completes comparable imaging of the entire Galactic plane essential for probing our Galaxy’s stars, gas, and dust,” the authors write. All of the data products from the survey “…should provide a rich, adaptable resource for the community, facilitating a variety of studies of the Milky Way,” they explain.

We’re fortunate because our galaxy, the Milky Way, is a good model for understanding galaxies in general. About half of the stars in the Universe are in galaxies that are quite similar to ours. While nothing can be assumed, it’s a reasonable assertion that much of what DECaPS tells us about the Milky Way will have some bearing on other galaxies.

Astronomers have strived to understand galaxies and how they formed and evolved. The most comprehensive way to study them is to perform large surveys of stars like this one. Who knows what researchers will find in all of this data?

More:

• Press Release: Billions of Celestial Objects Revealed in Gargantuan Survey of the Milky Way
• New Research: The Dark Energy Camera Plane Survey 2 (DECaPS2): More Sky, Less Bias, and Better Uncertainties
• Image Viewer: DECaPS Survey Viewer

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

Ancient Alien Faces And Artifacts, Archeology At Its Best, UFO Sighting News.

Date of discovery: January 2023

Location of discovery: Mars

Source: 

• https://mars.nasa.gov/raw_images/1159225/?site=msl

Here are some things on Mars, that the NASA rover just passes by without even a second look. The most significant evidence of an intelligent alien species is not a book, not mathematics, not alien technology. Its the actual faces of the aliens we speak about. Here I show you three great detailed faces. Two of them, are side by side, showing statues. One has no hat, the other has a huge crown like hat, showing its importance. This person with the hat, clearly a leader of great importance to this Mars culture. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

“Volledige Romeinse stad” ontdekt bij opgravingen in Luxor

In de Egyptische stad Luxor zijn de resten ontdekt van “een volledige Romeinse stad” uit de eerste eeuwen na Christus. Dat heeft het ministerie van Oudheden bekendgemaakt.

 Bron: Belga

Luxor was in de oudheid gekend als Thebe en was de belangrijkste stad van Opper-Egypte. Volgens het ministerie is nu “een volledige residentiële stad” uit de tweede en derde eeuw ontdekt “op de oostelijke oever van de Nijl, in de buurt van de Luxortempel”.

© AFP

Eerder werden ook al metaalateliers met tal van werktuigen en Romeinse koperen en bronzen munten opgegraven, zegt Mostafa Waziri (het hoofd van de Egyptische Raad voor Oudheden; nvdr) “En de opgravingen gaan door.”

Mostafa Waziri toont de schatten die opgegraven werden.  © AFP

De ingang van een graftombe werd blootgelegd.  © AFP

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

EXCLUSIVE: Metallic-looking orb is seen flying over Iraqi city of Mosul in 2016 - first ever publicly revealed UFO footage taken by US spy plane in a conflict zone - as expert warns of 'significant risk' to troops overseas

• DailyMail.com has exclusively obtained an image of a 'metallic' orb flying over Mosul, Iraq in April 2016, from footage taken by a US intelligence-recon plane
• It was obtained by journalists Jeremy Corbell and George Knapp, who have released the image on their new UFO podcast, 'Weaponized'
• The sighting in a conflict zone where the US military is operating has sparked security and safety concerns at the Department of Defense

By JOSH BOSWELL and CHRIS SHARP FOR DAILYMAIL.COM

DailyMail.com obtained an exclusive image of a metallic-looking orb flying over an Iraqi city, caught on video by a US spy plane.

The image, captured in April 2016 by an intelligence-reconnaissance plane, was included in a classified briefing video on UFOs shown to multiple US government agencies.

The briefing video describes it as a 'short clip of an unidentified flying orb that appears to have a metallic shine on its surface', and shows the strange object flying over the city of Mosul in northern Iraq with the background of the shot showing the streets below.

It is the first publicly revealed image from the US government's ongoing UFO investigation showing an unidentified craft over a conflict zone.

A UFO flying around where the US military is operating has sparked security and safety concerns at the Department of Defense, with military officials worried it could endanger pilots and ground troops. 

An image obtained exclusively by DailyMail.com of what appears to be a metallic-looking orb flying over Mosul, Iraq in April 2016, was included in a classified briefing video on UFOs shown to multiple US government agencies

(image credit: DoD/Jeremy Corbell)

One intelligence source said the video was sent to the Joint Base Langley-Eustis in Virginia, where imagery and electronic signals intelligence experts studied it for United States Central Command (CENTCOM)

Although the image itself is not classified, footage from which the image was captured was part of a classified briefing produced by the Pentagon's Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Task Force (UAPTF), a unit tasked with investigating UFO incidents, which has now been replaced by another office in the Department of Defense.

It was obtained by journalists Jeremy Corbell and George Knapp, who have released the image on their new UFO podcast, 'Weaponized'.

The briefing describes and shows the UFO as moving from south to north, adding that it does not appear to descend.

In a four-second video titled 'Mosul Orb' included in the briefing, the UFO appears for one second as it flies alongside the MC-12 spy plane. 

The photo was obtained by documentary filmmaker and investigative journalist Jeremy Corbell (pictured) and journalist George Knapp

Intriguingly, the object appears to have no apparent flight surfaces like wings, or discernible propulsion.

An intelligence source with operational knowledge of the footage said it was filmed using 'FMV [full motion video] by DGS-1' – implying that the plane sensors captured infra-red and other data when it filmed the UFO.

DailyMail.com understands that officials who assembled the briefing video believe the 'orb' was under intelligent control.

One intelligence source said the video was sent to the Joint Base Langley-Eustis in Virginia, where imagery and electronic signals intelligence experts studied it for United States Central Command (CENTCOM).

Despite being analyzed and studied by intelligence experts for over six years, the incident remains unexplained.

DailyMail.com can now reveal that the case formed part of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) Preliminary Assessment on UFOs, a report published in May 2021 which analyzed 144 cases and found an explanation for just one. 

It comes a few months after the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) published a second UFO report this month, which said it has analyzed 510 cases up to August 30, 2022

The ODNI published a second report this month, which said it has analyzed 510 cases up to August 30, 2022.

In October last year DailyMail.com revealed information from the classified version of this report sent to Congress.

One source who had seen the report described dozens of videos on classified servers showing metallic-looking orbs captured by US spy planes or drones in the Middle East – similar to the image released today.

'These drones operate 20-25,000 feet up in the air and they're flying around. We're keeping an eye on bad guys all over the world,' the source said.

'An operator will be zoomed in looking at a town in Syria. And all of a sudden, a little orb will go flying through the viewfinder.

'The operator's like, ''What the hell?'' And so he starts focusing on it and he just watches the orb for a while. We might get it for 30 seconds, we might watch it for 10 minutes. And then it will do something remarkable, like suddenly bolt off the screen.'

The image obtained by DailyMail.com was taken at 9:47am Coordinated Universal Time on April 16, 2016, according to its timestamp.

There were also precise coordinates of where the image was taken in northern Iraq, but Corbell told DailyMail.com he removed them out of an abundance of caution to avoid the release of sensitive information.

CENTCOM forces have been deployed in the Middle East since 2014 to conduct military operations against ISIS. 

DailyMail.com understands that Congressional intelligence and defense committees have seen the image and footage, as part of a briefing given by the Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Task Force (UAPTF), a previous incarnation of the government's UFO office.

In May 2021, Corbell published videos from the warship incidents that set social media ablaze

Still images and briefing slides from a video show a spherical object diving into the Pacific Ocean off the coast of California in 2019. Jeremy Corbell told DailyMail.com last June that the video shows 'FLIR [forward looking infrared] data' that is complimented by the radar footage

Corbell and Knapp said they will be releasing information, photos and videos in the podcast that they have been holding for 'years'

Corbell said that the briefing presentation was updated on shared classified intelligence servers on November 4, 2021, to encourage and inform reporting of UFOs by armed forces personnel – and that it has been shared with the wider intelligence community to keep them updated about UFO incursions into sensitive airspace.

He said the spherical shape of the object captured in Iraq is reminiscent of similar UFOs encountered by naval aviators operating on the US east and west coast every day, but is more complicated since it is occurring in an active conflict zone.

'For the first time, we are releasing a military-filmed image of a UAP over an active conflict zone,' Corbell said. 'This is an entirely different scenario to the east and west Coast incursions over training ranges.

'UAP [unidentified anomalous phenomena] pose significant risk to our service men and women, and this case highlights this – and is unfortunately not unique.

 'This is not just about safety concerns to pilots and ground troops. Its potential consequences are far deeper. And the scope is now proven to be global.'

A source close to the military's current UFO investigations office, the All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO), said there are 'more cases like this one'.

'​​We have investigated a lot of UAP cases over the years and there are many more cases like this one. And this one was indeed part of the official UAP investigations by the UAPTF and now DoD's AARO. And it is still unresolved.'

Corbell added: 'No matter where UFOs are from, it is now openly admitted by our Department of Defense that they are appearing with an increased frequency worldwide.

'UAP, at minimum, pose a fundamental intelligence and combat identification problem that must be addressed.

'It's time to acknowledge the UFO problem, and I am hopeful that ARRO and its stakeholders will dedicate robust resources to this enduring mystery on behalf of the American and global public.'

This case has emerged following the approval by President Joe Biden of the Fiscal 2023 National Defense Authorization Act, which contains provisions relating to UFOs. 

The House Intelligence Committee held its first public hearing on UFOs in 54 years where panel members grilled Deputy Director of Naval Intelligence Scott Bray (left) and Undersecretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Ronald Moultrie (right)

One clip shown at the historic congressional hearing was taken from a Navy cockpit in a training area and shows a spherical object floating by the aircraft

This file video grab image obtained April 28, 2020 courtesy of the US Department of Defense shows part of an unclassified video taken by Navy pilots that have circulated for years showing interactions with 'unidentified anomalous phenomena'

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

The first ever publicly revealed UFO footage taken by US spy plane in a conflict zone: “Metallic-looking orb seen flying over Mosul, Iraq”

DailyMail.com has obtained an exclusive image of a metallic-looking orb flying over Mosul, Iraq in April 2016, from footage taken by a US intelligence-recon plane.

The recent release of an exclusive image of a metallic-looking orb flying over Mosul, Iraq in April 2016, captured by a US intelligence-reconnaissance plane, has caused a stir among both the public and government officials. The image, which was included in a classified briefing video on UFOs shown to multiple US government agencies, is being considered as the first publicly revealed image from the US government’s ongoing UFO investigation showing an unidentified craft over a conflict zone.

A briefing video released by journalists George Knapp and Jeremy Corbell describes an unidentified flying object that has a metallic shine on it’s surface. It shows an unusual image of an object flying over Mosul in Iraq. The object, which has no apparent flight surfaces, has raised suspicion about its capabilities and origin.

• Military Jets Chase UFO Filmed By Fisherman in Spain

The sighting in a conflict zone where the US military is operating has sparked security and safety concerns at the Department of Defense. Military officials are worried that the object could endanger pilots and ground troops, as it is not known whether it is a hostile or friendly aircraft. One intelligence source said the video was sent to the Joint Base Langley-Eustis in Virginia, where imagery and electronic signals intelligence experts studied it for the United States Central Command (CENTCOM).

The release of the image has reignited the debate about UFOs and their existence, with many experts and researchers calling for more transparency and investigation into the phenomenon. The image also raises questions about the capabilities and technologies of other nations and non-state actors, as the object does not seem to be of any known design or origin.

The US government has had a long-standing interest in UFOs and their potential threats to national security. In 1947, the Air Force created Project Sign to investigate the numerous UFO sightings that were being reported. The project concluded that the majority of UFO sightings could be explained by natural phenomena or human error, but some remained unexplained. In 1953, the Air Force created Project Grudge to investigate UFOs, but it was shut down in 1955 due to lack of funding and resources.

In 1969, the Air Force created the Office of Special Investigations (OSI) to investigate UFOs. The OSI closed in 1974 due to budget constraints, but the Air Force continued to investigate UFOs through its Foreign Technology Division. In 1977, the Air Force closed its UFO investigation program, stating that there was no evidence of a threat to national security.

In 2019, the US government started investigating reports of unidentified flying objects. The Navy then formed a task force to look into these reports. The Pentagon also established a similar organization to look into these reports. The UAPTF was replaced by another agency within the Department of Defense.

The release of the image from Mosul raises questions about the capabilities of the UAPTF, and whether it has been able to provide any answers or explanations about the object. The image also raises concerns about the government’s ability to protect national security, as the object seems to be able to fly over a conflict zone without being detected or intercepted.

The image also raises questions about the government’s ability to protect national security, as the object seems to be able to fly over a conflict zone without being detected or intercepted. The object’s speed, altitude, and maneuverability are not known, but it seems to be able to fly in the vicinity of a US military operation without being detected or intercepted.

This raises concerns about the ability of the US military to protect national security, as it suggests that there may be other unidentified objects that are able to fly over US military operations without detection. This could potentially have serious implications for the safety and security of US military personnel and assets.

The image also raises questions about the government’s ability to protect national security in the face of new and emerging technologies. The object in the image appears to have advanced capabilities, such as the ability to fly at high speeds and altitudes, and maneuver in ways that are not possible with current technology. This suggests that there may be other nations or non-state actors that have access to similar or even more advanced technologies.

This incident has raised concerns about the US military’s ability to defend against threats from other nations. It also highlights the government’s vulnerability to technological changes, and it shows how quickly technological advances can be made.

The release of the image from Mosul also highlights the need for more transparency and investigation into UFOs and their potential implications for national security. The image raises questions about the government’s ability to protect national security, and it is important that the government provides answers and explanations about the object and its capabilities.

The government should be transparent regarding its investigations into reports of unidentified flying vehicles. It should also provide the public with the necessary information to understand the potential implications of these phenomena for national security. Doing so will help build public trust and confidence in its ability to protect the country.

In conclusion, the release of the image of a metallic-looking orb flying over Mosul, Iraq in April 2016 has raised serious concerns about the government’s ability to protect national security. The object’s advanced capabilities and the fact that it was able to fly over a conflict zone without being detected or intercepted suggest that there may be other unidentified objects with similar capabilities. This highlights the need for more transparency and investigation into UFOs and their potential implications for national security. It is crucial for the government to provide answers and explanations about the object and its capabilities, and to be transparent about its investigations into UFOs to address the concerns of the public.

• The first episode of Weaponized, hosted by Jeremy Corbell and George Knapp, can be viewed here:

{https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

The Credible Encounter: The 1954 Cennina UFO Landing and Encounter with Humanoids

The Cennina landing of 1954 is one of the most extraordinary UFO landing and contact cases ever recorded. On November 1, 1954, a woman named Rosa Lotti was walking into the small town of Cennina, Italy when she came across an unusual sight. In front of her stood a vertical spindle-like object, which she described as being “like 2 cones joined at their bases.” From behind the craft emerged two little men, who were only about 3 feet tall. The men approached Lotti with friendly expressions, with one of them even laughing. They spoke in a language that sounded like Chinese and proceeded to snatch the carnations and one of Lotti’s stockings from her. Lotti, understandably frightened, ran away.

After the encounter, a deep hole was found in the ground at the site. The men were described as wearing grey overalls, short cloaks, and helmets. They were no taller than a five-year-old child, but their bodies were in proportion. The object was described as a double cone, about 2 meters high and 1 meter wide in the middle. It was made of a shiny metal and had a glass door on the lower cone with two small seats inside. Lotti reported that she did not hear any sound coming from the object.

This incident is classified as a CE-III (Close Encounter III) by Dr. J. Allen Hynek, meaning that there was a close observation of animate beings associated with the object. Multiple witnesses reported the encounter, and physical evidence in the form of the hole in the ground was found. The Cennina landing of 1954 is considered one of the most extraordinary UFO landing and contact cases ever recorded, and has been mentioned by prominent UFO researcher Jacques Vallee as case No. 24 in his “Century of Landings.”

• UFO Sighted Over Ciudad Madero,Tamaulipas, …

The Cennina landing is considered to be one of the most credible UFO cases on record due to the multiple witnesses and physical evidence. Rosa Lotti’s account of the incident is particularly detailed and consistent. She described the little men as being about 1 meter in height and wearing a sort of grey overall that covered their entire bodies, including their feet. They also wore short cloaks of a grey material, and over the one-piece overall they wore a sort of doublet, fastened with little buttons that looked like shining stars. Their trousers were tightly-fitting, “like the long underpants that our men wear in the winter.” Their faces were normal, but small, and they were no taller than a five-year-old infant.

The object they saw was described as a double cone, which was over 2 meters high. Its outside appeared to be made of polished light metal, and its lower cone had an open glass door. In the center of the spindle, which was the widest part of the object, there was a roundish glass, which closely followed the mysterious machine’s round shape.

The sighting was reported by multiple witnesses, and the physical evidence of the deep hole found at the site added credibility to the incident. The Cennina landing is also significant because it is one of the few cases where the occupants of the UFO were described as being human-like, rather than the more common descriptions of beings with large eyes and small mouths.

Despite the credibility of the Cennina landing, some skeptics have attempted to explain the incident as a misidentification or hoax. Some have suggested that Lotti may have mistaken a weather balloon or other man-made object for a UFO. However, Lotti’s detailed and consistent description of the object, as well as the fact that multiple witnesses reported seeing the object, make this explanation unlikely.

Some skeptics also believe that Lotti and her group staged the incident to make it look like a hoax. However, this theory is not supported by any credible evidence. The fact that the hole in the ground that was discovered at the site was almost a meter deep, and it was hard to fake, makes the incident more believable.

In conclusion, the Cennina landing of 1954 is considered one of the most extraordinary and credible UFO landing and contact cases on record. The detailed and consistent account provided by Rosa Lotti, multiple witness reports, and physical evidence all lend credibility to the incident. While some skeptics may attempt to explain the incident as a misidentification or hoax, there is no evidence to support these claims. The Cennina landing remains one of the most intriguing and unexplained UFO encounters in history.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

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The Trinity Test Site in New Mexico was the location of the world's first nuclear explosion in July 1945. The test, code-named "Trinity," involved detonating a plutonium implosion device on a 100-foot tower. The explosion released 18.6 kilotons of power, instantly vaporizing the tower and turning the surrounding area into green glass. The Pentagon reportedly tried to keep the test quiet, but in recent years, information about it has become more widely known. 

There are also reports of a separate incident involving an alleged UFO crash near the Trinity test site in 1945. On August 16, 1945, just a month after the Trinity nuclear test two boys, Jose Padilla and Reme Baca, heard a crash. They reportedly saw an avocado-shaped craft, inside of which were two mantis-like occupants, one of whom was in pain. The object reportedly struck a communications tower during its descent, and the two boys witnessed the US Army trying to remove it. 

A third witness, bomber pilot Lt. Col William Brothy, was coming in for a landing at the nearby Alamogordo air base when air traffic controllers asked him to investigate the sudden loss of signal from a communications tower. Brothy’s report describes the damage to the tower, as well as the egg-shaped object and the two boys huddled around it 

There have been reports of UFO sightings near nuclear sites and facilities throughout history, There does seem to be some sort of intersection between UFOs and humans nuclear technology. There were incidents that nuclear missiles shutting down unexpectedly at the same time UFOs appear above an Air Force base. 

In the next video, former UK Ministry of Defense official Nick Pope discusses a bill that would require the Department of Defense to review historical documents related to the alleged UFO sighting near the Trinity test site in 1945 on 'Tucker Carlson Tonight.'

  

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 24/01/2023

James Webb Space Telescope detects 'coldest ices measured to date in a molecular cloud' - 4K

The James Webb Space Telescope captured amazing imagery of the Chameleon I dark molecular cloud. It harbors the "deepest, coldest ices measured to date in a molecular cloud," according to ESA.

Credit: Space.com | footage courtesy: ESA/Webb, NASA, CSA, STScI, M. K. McClure, F. Sun, Z. Smith, the Ice Age ERS team, N. Bartmann (ESA/Webb) and M. Zamani (ESA/Webb) | edited by Steve Spaleta (https://twitter.com/stevespaleta)

Black Holes Aren’t Black or Even Holes. What Are They?

Voyager Just Sent This Terrifying Message to the Scientists from Space!

No matter how deep the Mariana Trench extends, or how much Mount Everest scrapes the clouds: Compared to the entire universe, we are infinitely small. In order to decode the mysteries of the cosmos and to understand the universe more precisely than ever before, unmanned space probes and complex space telescopes have been used for some time. But what overwhelming insights should these technical feats already give us? And why did the data that Voyager 1 recently sent tous caus sheer horror in the ranks of experts? Let's set off together into the gigantic expanses of space and look for answers!

New Solution to the Fermi Paradox Found! Scientists Hope They're Wrong.

This NASA Astronaut Accidentally Captured This While On The Moon

China's Yutu-2 rover captures new images of moon's far side

China's Yutu-2 rover recently beamed back new imagery of the lunar surface. See rover tracks and more in the new views from the far side of the moon.

Credit: Space.com | footage courtesy: China Central Television (CCTV) | edited by Steve Spaleta (https://twitter.com/stevespaleta)

The Stickiest Non-Sticky Substance

Adhesives based on gecko skin can hold huge weights – without sticking to anything.

Apollo 11: The Complete Descent

A detailed account of every second of the Apollo 11 descent and landing. The video combines data from the onboard computer for altitude and pitch angle, 16mm film that was shot throughout the descent at 6 frames per second. The audio recording is from two sources. The air/ground transmissions are on the left stereo channel and the mission control flight director loop is on the right channel. Subtitles are included to aid comprehension.

As well as Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Mike Collins, the video includes the following people from the mission control team:

Flight - Gene Kranz
CapCom - Charlie Duke
GNC - Buck Willoughby
EECOM - John Aaron
FIDO - Jay Greene
RETRO - Chuck Deiterich
Guidance - Steve Bales
Control - Bob Carlton
TELCOM - Don Puddy
Surgeon - John Zieglschmid

This is part of the Apollo Flight Journal, Apollo 11 collection.

A11LSJ: https://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11...

A11FJ: https://history.nasa.gov/afj/ap11fj/i...

Other videos in this series:

Apollo 12: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kFSa6...

Apollo 14: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oZZe-... 

Apollo 15: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AxqKl...

Apollo 16: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JSXhb...

Apollo 17: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A7y5f...

Arch Like Structure And Much More Found On Mars! ~ 1/23/2023

IMAGE CREDIT GOES TO: ESA / NASA / JPL / University of Arizona / Caltech / Msss * These pictures are made public to the people*

{ https://www.youtube.com/ }

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

Best UFO Sightings of the 1990s with Randall Nickerson

In recent years, the topic of UFOs and alien abductions has gained renewed interest among the public and researchers alike. One of the most prominent figures in this field of study is the late Dr. John Mack, a Pulitzer Prize-winning psychiatrist and professor at Harvard University. Mack was a pioneer in the field of alien abduction research, conducting extensive investigations and interviews with those who claimed to have had encounters with extraterrestrial beings

The topic of alien abductions is a controversial one, with many skeptics arguing that the experiences are simply hallucinations or the result of mass hysteria. However, Mack believed that these experiences were real and that they deserved to be taken seriously. He faced significant resistance from the scientific community, as well as from some of his colleagues and friends, who thought that he had gone too far in his research. Despite this, Mack stood by his findings, even as his reputation was tarnished and he faced criticism from many quarters.

One of the cases that Mack investigated was that of a school in Zimbabwe where several students claimed to have had encounters with UFOs and alien beings. The school was located in an area surrounded by ancient burial sites, and the local people had a long history of belief in spiritual beings associated with certain locations in the area. The students’ descriptions of the alien beings were similar to those reported in other parts of the world, and they were convinced that their experiences were real

• 2022 | A Tear in the Sky Trailer (NOT RATED)

The topic of UFOs and alien abductions has also been explored by other researchers, such as Jacques Vallée. Vallée has focused on the connection between UFOs and nuclear weapons, noting that there is a significant amount of evidence to suggest that UFOs have a keen interest in what we are doing with nuclear weapons. Some experts believe that this could be because UFOs are from a civilization that is far more advanced than our own, and that they have been visiting Earth for a long time.

The film “Abduction in Zimbabwe” by Randall Nickerson is an exploration of the case of the school in Zimbabwe, as well as other cases of alien abductions. The film is based on years of research and interviews with those who have had encounters with extraterrestrial beings. Nickerson’s film provides a window into the complex and often controversial world of alien abduction research and offers a compelling case for the reality of these experiences.

It’s worth mentioning that the topic of alien abductions is a controversial one, and there are many skeptics who argue that the experiences are simply hallucinations or the result of mass hysteria. However, many people who have had encounters with extraterrestrial beings are convinced that their experiences were real. It’s important to remember that the question of whether or not alien abductions are real is ultimately a question of belief. Each person must decide for themselves what they believe to be true based on the evidence available to them.

In conclusion, Dr. John Mack’s pioneering research on alien abductions has brought attention to the topic of UFOs and alien encounters, and his work has been an important contribution to the field of ufology. The case of the school in Zimbabwe, as well as other cases of alien abductions, highlights the complexity of the issue and the importance of further research. The film “Abduction in Zimbabwe” by Randall Nickerson is an important contribution to the field, providing a window into the often-controversial world of alien abduction research and offering a compelling case for the reality of these experiences.

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{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

6 Jaw-Dropping Russian Mysteries

In recent years, there have been a number of strange sightings and discoveries in Russia that have sparked discussions about the possibility of extraterrestrial life. From a mysterious creature found in the wilderness to a strange light seen in a lake, these incidents have left many people wondering if they could be proof of alien activity in Russia.

In 1996, a local woman discovered a strange creature in the wilderness, which was dubbed Alyoshenka by the media. According to the woman, the creature was still alive when she discovered it. Some experts believe it could be a primate, like a squirrel monkey, but the fact that it was found in Siberia, where squirrel monkeys are not native, raises questions about its origin. Forensic investigator Chase Kloetzke also pointed out that there were no signs of gore or fluids, which would be expected if the creature had just survived a crash.

In 2011, a farmer in a small village in Russia reported that his home was shaken by a large explosion nearby. While looking for the source of the explosion, the farmer stumbled upon some remains that looked nothing like the usual local wildlife. The creature had a strange head and an even stranger torso and limbs, and appeared to be petrified. The fact that the remains were found in a state of mummification raised questions about whether it could be an undiscovered dinosaur or even a creature from Slavic folklore, such as Baba Yaga, a witch who lives in the woods and eats children.

• Russian Scientist Claims Team Battled Creature Under Antarctic Ice

In 2013, a video surfaced of a bright light seen in Lake Baikal, the oldest and deepest lake in the world. The light appeared to be coming from beneath the surface of the lake, but experts were unable to explain what it could be. Some theories suggested it could be a search light from another unseen boat or aircraft, but the way the light rippled on the surface of the water ruled that out. Others suggested it could be bioluminescent marine life, but there are no known bioluminescent animals in the lake.

In 2019, a photographer in Moscow captured footage of a cluster of circular objects flying in front of the moon. The objects appeared to be orbiting the moon, but their size, estimated to be 2-3 miles wide, would make them almost 40 times larger than the International Space Station, the largest craft in Earth’s orbit. Some experts suggested they could be satellites, but the fact that they were not in the same orbit as other spacecrafts raised questions about their origin.

Overall, it’s clear that there are a number of strange sightings and discoveries in Russia that have yet to be fully explained. While some experts have offered possible explanations, such as the creature found in the wilderness being a malformed primate or the light in the lake being a search light, there are still many unanswered questions and lingering doubts about the true nature of these incidents. Whether or not they are proof of alien activity in Russia remains to be seen, but they are certainly intriguing and worth further investigation.

Please take a moment to watch the video provided by the History Channel to learn more about this topic.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

Bob Lazar: The Whistleblower of Area 51

30 years ago, on a 5 p.m newscast, a live interview aired with a man named Dennis who made shocking allegations about flying saucers of extraterrestrial origin. He claimed that there were nine of them and that they were being kept at a top secret location known as Area 51. This interview caught the attention of the entire world and sparked a lot of curiosity and speculation. Predict

The story is about Bob Lazar, a man who said he was involved in a secret U.S government cover-up reverse engineering alien spacecraft at the now notorious Area 51. Some believe that Bob Lazar is a sociopath who has harnessed people’s curiosity into aliens to mess with them, while others believe he is a courageous whistleblower whose life has been destroyed by trying to reveal the truth.

The story of Bob Lazar is still captivating to people today, but his background is hard to nail down. He claims to have a Masters of Science degree in physics in 1982 from MIT, and a further master’s in South Korean electronic tech in 1985. He wrote his thesis on magnetohydrodynamics. Bob Lazar’s story has many consistencies and inconsistencies, so it is hard to know what to believe.

• A UFO Found Hovering During Volcanic Eruption in Japan

Bob Lazar’s story takes an even more intriguing turn when he claims to have worked with an element known as muscovium, or element 115, on the periodic table. He says that this element was used to fuel the extraterrestrial spacecraft he was working on at Area 51. However, many people argue that Lazar couldn’t have known about this element in the 1980s, decades before its official discovery.

The difference, according to Lazar, is that the fuel he worked on was stable, whereas the element 115 synthesized decades later was unstable. He even claims to have smuggled some of the element out of the S4 facility to conduct his own private experiments, but footage of these experiments has never been found.

Skeptics argue that the story is a classic hoax, and there is also critique into the concept that muscovium is the element 115 that Lazar discussed. Lazar also claims that the S4 facility wasn’t just studying the craft in the lab, they were also flying them. He witnessed these test flights and says that the source of the craft was able to lift off the ground, hover silently, move all over the place, and then land without being seen. He claims that the entire vehicle was an impossibility.

Bob’s work at S4 lasted roughly six months and as part of his work contract, he agreed to having his phones tapped and that he wouldn’t discuss his work with anyone, not even his wife. However, it became apparent through the surveillance that Bob’s wife was having an affair and he knew nothing about it.

Because a stable home life was a requirement for this position, Bob was told not to come into work. He also started noticing people following him in his daily routine and thinking he was being kicked out of the program and not knowing why. He revealed all to his friends and explained to them the reality of the work he was doing.

He promised to show them proof and took his friends out into the desert on a Wednesday night with a clear view of a flight test. The video that he filmed that night is the only evidence that exists of Bob’s claims. However, after the third occasion, he was caught and released, but quickly became aware that he was in serious trouble.

At this point, he contacted George Knapp as an insurance policy. The story hit the public sphere when Dennis, the man interviewed on the 5 p.m newscast, contacted Knapp and revealed the truth about Bob Lazar’s claims. However, the repercussions of coming forward with this information were severe. Lazar claims that he was physically threatened and that his life was destroyed for trying to reveal the truth.

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{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 23/01/2023

Belgian UFO videos 2022

Videocompilatie van de UFO-beelden die in 2022 bij het Belgisch UFO-meldpunt (www.ufomeldpunt.be) binnenkwamen.

SpaceX Starship on Static Fire Pad, Full Stack Fuelling, Falcon Heavy, Two Falcon 9s, Neutron News

At Starbase, Ship 25's static fire campaign is about to start, as it has now been mounted on Suborbital Pad B! Meanwhile, the full stack Booster 7 and Ship 24 continue to undergo propellant loading tests ahead of the Starship orbital flight test wet dress rehearsal! Over at the build site, it's curtains for Ship 22 and Booster 8; both vehicles were cut up for scrap. In non-Starship news, SpaceX launched the USSF 67 Falcon Heavy mission, as well as another Starlink Launch and the GPS III Amelia Earhart mission! On the ISS, Koichi Wakata and Nicole Mann performed a spacewalk to update the station's power systems, and at Cape Canaveral a very special recovered booster arrives for the first time 57 years after it was first launched! All of this and more to look forward to, I hope you enjoy this episode as much as I enjoyed making it!

Elon Musk just revealed how Starship will land on Mars "LEGS requirement"...

Elon Musk just revealed how Starship will land on Mars "LEGS requirement"..

NASA's New Airliner Experiment To Make Flying Less Expensive

This week NASA signed onto a Space Act Agreement with Boeing on a project to build a full size version of the Transonic Truss Braced Wing design with a goal of demonstrating significant improvements in efficiency that will directly translate to improved fuel consumption and lower costs.

This may be a blueprint for a future airliner, fuel cost is one of the major considerations to aircraft operators and technologies which provide even small improvements can pay off handsome rewards over the lifetime of the aircraft.

Or maybe the technology developed will end up being used in some completely different form....

Neil deGrasse Tyson Explains Faster Than Light Interstellar Travel

In this video, renowned astrophysicist and science communicator Neil DeGrasse Tyson explores the concept of faster than light interstellar travel.

Drawing on his extensive knowledge of physics and the universe, Tyson delves into the theories and possibilities of traveling at speeds faster than the speed of light.

He discusses the impact of time dilation, the limitations of current technology, and the potential of futuristic technologies like warp drive and hyperspace.

Tyson also touches on the concept of wormholes as a possible route for faster than light travel and the impact of quantum mechanics on this field.

He also talks about the influence of popular culture, such as Star Trek and the impact of these shows on public perception of faster than light travel.

This video is a must-watch for anyone interested in space exploration, the physics of the universe, and the possibilities of futuristic technology.

Neil DeGrasse Tyson's engaging and accessible teaching style makes complex scientific concepts easy to understand, and his enthusiasm for the subject is contagious.

Whether you're a science enthusiast or just curious about the possibilities of faster than light travel, this video has something to offer.

Don't miss out on this opportunity to gain insight from one of the world's leading experts in astrophysics and space exploration.

Tune in now to learn more about the science behind faster than light travel and the potential for humanity to one day reach the stars.

Asteroid 2023 BU to buzz Earth on January 26 | Orbit animation

Bill Whitaker's 2017 reports on the spectacular revelations courtesy of the Hubble Space Telescope, efforts to track down a ninth planet in our solar system, and the Mars rover Curiosity. And from 2013, Anderson Cooper's report on the dangers posed by asteroids falling from space.

Hubble Space Telescope, Planet 9, Curiosity Mars Rover, Cosmic Roulette | 60 Minutes Full Episodes

Bill Whitaker's 2017 reports on the spectacular revelations courtesy of the Hubble Space Telescope, efforts to track down a ninth planet in our solar system, and the Mars rover Curiosity. And from 2013, Anderson Cooper's report on the dangers posed by asteroids falling from space.

Loch Ness Monster | History's Greatest Mysteries with Laurence Fishburne Returns Jan. 30 | History

Despite centuries of sightings and searches, one of the most infamous deep-sea monsters remains unidentified. As evidence continues to mount, the mystery endures: does the Loch Ness Monster really exist? And if so, what could it be?

Watch all new episodes of History's Greatest Mysteries, returning Monday, January 30 at 9/8c, and stay up to date on all of your favorite The HISTORY Channel shows at history.com/schedule.

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Scientists Have Just Found an Unbelievable Civilization in the Amazon Jungle!

With a gigantic area of six million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest embodies the largest jungle on earth. As the so-called crown of nature, the huge forest area impresses with an overwhelming variety of species that is unique in the world. However, the jungle still hides countless secrets, the decoding of which will help to understand the development of human history more precisely than ever. You want to know how the experts recently managed to uncover the breathtaking traces of a mysterious civilization in the jungle? Then stay tuned until the end and make up your own mind!

• #TheUnknownList

This Former NASA Scientist Has Just Revealed That Something Big Was Just Discovered On Mars

{ https://www.youtube.com/ }

Latvia’s Enigmatic Virtaka Cliff and Mysterious Gauja River Petroglyphs

Petroglyphs, cave paintings , and different  rock carvings  are some of the earliest forms of expression of early man. In the Baltic, Pomeranian, and Scandinavian regions of Europe, petroglyphs have been utilized for various purposes for thousands of years in the lives of its inhabitants. Popular in the Paleolithic, Neolithic, and well into the Bronze and even Iron Age, petroglyphs became a unique heritage of Europe. Today we will examine one of the most intricate and intriguing petroglyph examples in the Baltic region, known as the Virtaka Cliff in Latvia.

But what are petroglyphs? Petroglyphs are elaborate incisions in prominent rocks, boulders, and cliff walls that served a religious or similar purpose for the various cultures and tribes that lived a hunter-gatherer lifestyle. They often depicted mythical creatures or the hunting of game. All the various symbols are still a subject of a lot of study to decipher and understand their purpose and meaning.

Belated Discovery of the Virtaka Cliff

The Krimulda parish and municipality is located close to the shores of the Baltic Sea in  Latvia. This is the home of the Virtaka Cliff, a remote sandstone cliff that boasts a dense grouping of petroglyphs, one of the richest such collections of markings in the whole Baltic region. Latvia is the second largest of the three Baltic nations, and boasts a rich and lengthy history, seeped in the traditions and heritage of the Balts, and the Virtaka Cliff is a crucial insight into its oldest historical periods.

As it is situated in the so-called East European Plain, prominent rock outcrops and rock faces are somewhat of a rarity across the nation. Nevertheless, certain regions of Latvia still have suitable rocky canvases that the ancient peoples discovered and utilized for their enigmatic expressions. The Gauja River Basin is a critical example of this. The only truly Latvian river - emerging and ending entirely in Latvia – it carved out a deep river valley, with steep red rock cliffs all around its banks – a perfect canvas for some  petroglyphs!

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Natural caves are also in abundance in the region, many of them showing signs of ancient habitation. Many have been studied extensively and classed as sacred caves. There are roughly fifty of these in Latvia today. These are all important aspects of northeast European ancient cultures. But what is interesting is their geological background. These caves are formed through the same geological process as were the many cliffs in Latvia. Formed from sandstone, and relatively easy to work, they often show ancient carvings and symbols. 

Sadly, visitors, travelers, wanderers, and tourists often exploited the softness of the sandstone by carving their names or goofy messages in the walls they chanced upon. Many of the ancient cliff faces and sacred caves have been thus defiled by “modern” writings. The rock faces of the popular Gutman Ala or  Gutman’s cave  have been extensively studied, but are also filled with tourist writings. The earliest of these dates to 1521!

Providing Insight into Distant Baltic History?

The very first ancient rock carvings in Latvia were discovered surprisingly recently. With centuries of outside interference and occupation from major regional powers, Latvia received its independence truly and formally around 1991. These occupations and internal struggles probably also influenced its scholarly world, limiting the extent of the archaeological studies until later decades of the 20th century. 

In 1971, Latvia’s  petroglyphs and rock carvings  were discovered in earnest by a prominent cave researcher, Guntis Eniņš. His earliest discoveries were made in the Lībiešu Upurala cave. He discovered ritual remains in the cave, which were also corresponding to the mysterious carving on its walls. His next major discovery was made in 1986, on the face of the so-called Virtaka Rock. This prominent sandstone cliff face is located on the banks of the River Brasla. 

The Virtaka Rock is one of the most stunning, primeval rivers of the Baltic region, with wild nature within its rugged valleys, and a truly heathenish ambience to it. The Virtaka Cliff is situated on its right bank, and its height is between 10 to 15 meters (32-50 feet), and length is roughly a 100 meters (~329 feet). At its base, secluded from sight, is a small niche cave, with a ceiling height of 2.5 meters (8.2 feet).

Upon close inspection, Guntis Eniņš was astounded by the majestic discovery he had made. The face of the sandstone cliff was covered with an intricate and dense grouping of ancient  petroglyphs, covering a surface of 2 by 3.5 meters (6.5 by 11 feet). It was at once certain that this grouping of carvings was by far the largest and most significant such discovery in Latvia up to that point, and it made a big echo in the archaeological and historical scientific circles.

The carvings on Virtaka Cliff are very dense and very numerous, perhaps indicating a long period of “worship” or use by ancient inhabitants of the region. While the meaning, the role, and the symbolism behind the carvings remains largely a subject of debate, we can nevertheless spot some of the widely used symbols of the ancient times.

Some of them are various basic symbols used throughout Europe in the neolithic and the later ages, such as swastikas, sun crosses, circles, zig-zag lines, animal shapes and human shaped motifs. Important to note are the use of swastikas - which are ancient symbols of the sun in Old European cultures and civilizations. Some of them are arrayed in combined groups of four, while others are solitary. Sun crosses and similar shapes are also very old and very widespread in Ancient Europe.

The petroglyph carvings on Virtaka Cliff are very dense and numerous and were discovered in 1986 by Guntis Eniņš.

( Poweroaklatvia)

Collective Heritage of Balto-Slavs

But more important to note are several symbols that are very recognizable in the later Balto-Slavic cultures. Many of them are best described as angular geometric symbols, and as such they are commonly observed in later Baltic  andSlavic (Balto-Slavs diverged into these two distinct cultural groups) embroidery, carvings, and religious symbolism. The Hands of God (Slavic:  Ręce Boga ) are one such symbol on the Virtaka Cliff, as are the numerous linear triangular formations that are identified as Slavic symbols of fertility, the tree of life, or the Sun.

As such, Virtaka Cliff could be an important indication into the traces of earliest Balto-Slavic cultural groups in the region, a remnant of the crucial amalgamation of the Proto and Indo Europeans. Alas, archaeological excavations at the foot of the cliff yielded no considerable finds that could help determine the age or the extent of its use in history. The uncertainty of the age of the carvings led to a lot of scholarly debate and a concentrated effort that could determine their age with certainty.

Eniņš, with the help of a prominent Latvian geologist, Vilma Venska, deduced that the carvings are between 500 and 1000 years old at most. This could place them into a time period of “late” Early Medieval Period, when some of Europe’s last pagans still held to their fate in the Baltic and Pomeranian region. As such, this dating by Eniņš does make sense. However, it could be even older than this.

Several key Latvian scholars offered their interpretations of these carvings, most of them largely agreeing as to their origins. However, it is the age that is subject to debate. The influential linguist Konstantīns Karulis offered his suggestion in 1988, saying that the Virtaka Cliff  petroglyphs are motifs left behind by the early Balts, corresponding to their mythology and ancient world view. Several world tree symbols are clear suggestions of this.

But, surprisingly, Karulis somewhat shockingly suggested that the age of the carvings was no older than 200-300 yeas, which seems to be an almost impossible suggestion. Most other scholars across Latvia and Europe agree that the carvings are quite archaic, with a millennium of age being the lowest possibility. They also agree that these carvings can be easily connected to the Proto Indo-European symbolism and world view as it was commonly depicted through similar motifs thousands of years ago. 

Guntis Eniņš devoted his efforts to further research and went on to discover several similar places in Latvia, especially in the Gauja River basin and Gauja National Park. In 1987, merely 50 meters (~165 feet) from the Virtaka Cliff, Eniņš discovered another smaller group of rock carvings. These were much simpler, consisting mainly of groups of vertical lines arranged in groups of nine. Eniņš deduced that it was a form of an ancient lunar calendar, and thus named this new site  Kalendāra klints  (Calendar Rock). 

After this flurry of activity, interest in Virtaka Cliff quickly subsided after that - mainly due to inability for scholars to agree on its age. Meanwhile enthusiasts kept up their devoted explorations. Eniņš was at the head of a group of amateur explorers, and they went on to make several important discoveries. Some other local historians also made discoveries in this region, such as Ansis Opmanis, Imants  Jurģītis, and Sarmīte  Ansberga. 

The inspector of the Gauja National Park also discovered  petroglyphs in his rounds. Guntis Eniņš conducted thorough cleaning and excavations at these sites, notably at Krusti Rock and Re¸ģi Rock, copying the  petroglyphs for preservation. However, it is interesting to not that Eniņš refrained from publicly announcing the exact locations of these new petroglyphs, in order to protect them from tourists and desecration.

The Last Pagas of Europa

Most - if not all - of Latvia’s discovered rock carvings and petroglyphs are situated in the area of Gauja River, where Brasla and Amata Rivers flow into it. Some of these locations have up to 300 symbols carved. However, dating these carvings has proved to be a very difficult task. One of Latvia’s leading archaeologists, Juris Urtāns, helped determine their age after his critical 2001 academic study. 

This work was centered on the then-recently discovered petroglyphs on the so-called Raksti Cliff on the banks of the Rakstupīte river. The majority of those carvings were depictions of ships, and as such their discovery was a sensation. Urtāns’ academic publication was thus the first such work regarding the discussion of rock carvings in Latvia as a cultural and historical source. By a careful and complex analysis of the ship carvings, Urtāns managed to compare them to some later church graffiti and medieval symbols, dating the  petroglyphs at Raksti Cliff to 12th, 13th, and 14th centuries AD.

This pointed that at least a part of petroglyphs discovered in the region are dated positively to the medieval period, showing that the custom of rock carving was preserved in the region of Latvia much longer than elsewhere. But then again, the Baltic nations were the last in Europe to be Christianized, and thus their pagan customs survived for much longer than elsewhere. Lithuania was Christianized around 1387 through severely violent means.

One of the proposed theories of the meaning of the carvings placed them in relation to the so-called “cross tree” tradition. This old custom had funerary origins. Inhabitants of Latvia would carve crosses in trees, usually pine, which was selected for that purpose. When the deceased was laid to rest, a cross was carved in the cross-tree, so his soul would not go past the spot marked with the cross. 

It is proposed that the numerous markings on Virtaka Cliff had the same purpose, and were left there by mourners over the ages. The custom of cross-trees died out in the early 20th century with the onset of Russian rule over Latvia. Virtaka Cliff could thus be an important insight into the regional funerary traditions that date far back in time.

Piecing Together the Puzzle of the Past

The European pagan heritage is undoubtedly an important aspect of our collective history. The period of Old Europe, and the emerging of later cultures as shaped by the Indo European touches, both showcase a complex world view and a far-reaching mythology. And although much of it is still shrouded in mystery, ancient  caves and sites such as the Virtaka Cliff can help us greatly in piecing the numerous puzzles of our past.

• Top image: Discovered in 1986, the Virtaka Cliff petroglyphs in Latvia     
• Source: Left;  Poweroaklatvia, Right;  Latvian Folklore Repository -LFK

By Aleksa Vučković

 { https://www.ancientoriginsunleashed.com/ }

How Crazy Magnetic Fields Drive the Sun Mad

And similar processes are probably behind coronal jets, at least according to new observations. A team of astronomers recently used multiple wavelengths of radiation to study jets at different times with both the Solar Orbiter spacecraft and the Solar Dynamics Observatory. They found that the bulk of the material in the jet was moving between 100 and 200 km/s, but with some of the features within the jet reaching speeds of over 700 km/s .

They also observed kinks, bends, and pinches in the jet. The team interpreted these features as places where the magnetic field is pinching strongly on the jet or in the process of breaking, where it can release its energy to continue powering the plasma.

This research helps potentially understand the nature of the solar corona. The corona is the thin, tenuous atmosphere that extends beyond the surface of the Sun. Despite its great distances from the solar surface, it has a temperature of over a million Kelvin. That’s much hotter than the surface of the Sun itself. Astronomers do not yet fully understand how the corona gets so hot. But observations like these suggest that coronal jets may play a role, because they release an enormous amount of energy directly into that region.

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

A really tall tower in the center of a crater on Earths moon, UFO Sighting News.

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

Einstein’s Fascinating Letter on the UFO Phenomenon: A Closer Look

In July 1952, reports of “flying saucers” over Washington D.C. sparked widespread panic and intrigue. Pilots, radar operators, and citizens alike reported sightings of the mysterious objects, and President Harry Truman even called for an investigation. However, before any serious probe could take place, the Air Force swiftly held a press conference to quell the panic and blame the sightings on weather conditions.

• Famous UFO cases: 1952 Washington D.C. UFO incident

One individual who was not content to accept this explanation was Reverend Louis A. Gardner, an evangelical minister who decided to reach out to none other than Albert Einstein to see if the renowned physicist had any insight into the strange occurrences. In response, Einstein sent a letter stating, “Those people have seen something. What it is I do not know and am not curious to know.”

In response, Einstein sent a letter stating:

“Those people have seen something. What it is I do not know and am not curious to know.”

This response may seem surprising coming from a man who once said, “The important thing is not to stop questioning. Curiosity has its own reason for existing” and who had also told his biographer just months prior that he was “passionately curious.” However, it is important to remember that Einstein was a scientist, and as such, he likely would have required concrete evidence and scientific explanation before becoming curious about a phenomenon. The lack of concrete information and the Air Force’s hasty attempts to explain the sightings away may have been enough for Einstein to remain skeptical and uninvested in the situation.

RELATED VIDEOS

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

Orange Orbs in the Sky: San Pablo’s Latest UFO Sighting

On the evening of January 21st, 2023, a resident of San Pablo, California reported a UFO sighting. The witness reported observing three orange orbs that appeared to be getting closer and larger in size before they suddenly disappeared into the clouds. As the witness went into their house to retrieve their phone to record the event, three more orbs appeared in the distance.

The video of the sighting, which is 2 minutes long, appears to show the orange orbs moving in the night sky. The orbs appear to be stationary at first, but then they start to move and disappear. Some people who have viewed the video have speculated that the orbs could be flares, lanterns, or other types of aircraft.

UFO sightings are not uncommon, and many can be explained as natural phenomena or man-made objects. However, this particular sighting has not yet been explained. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has not reported any unusual activity in the area on the night of the sighting, and no aircraft were reported to have been in the vicinity at the time.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

If you've seen this before, you might want to look again. If you have never seen it, you also might want to look again. 

According to Viewzone, we talking about an enormous spaceship on the moon allegedly discovered and photographed during the Apollo 15 mission. The story about this alien spacecraft has been going around the web since about 2007. 

The craft was supposed to have been a very large alien spacecraft which had crashed or was otherwise abandoned on the Moon in ancient times. 

The existence of this ship is shrouded in mystery and it is said there were 'classified NASA space missions' to the moon, with top priority, a close examination of the huge spaceship. 

The mystery continues with the statement of William Rutledge. Mr. William Rutledge (retired) claims he was on a special NASA mission and involved with NASA in the late 70s. 

Rutledge claims to have worked on at least two missions to the Moon, including the failed Apollo 19, and the Apollo 20, which he says was launched in August of 1976 from Vandenberg Air Force Base. 

Both of these missions, according to Rutledge, were 'secret joint space missions' resulting from collaborations between U.S. and Soviet governments. They do not appear on any roster of NASA missions, and if this is true, its for good reason. 

Now, 'The Why Files' has made an amazing video on this mysterious alien spacecraft and you may wonder if all of this is actually real, but at the end of the video he concludes, as many other people, that the whole story on the secret Apollo 20 mission to the moon to salvage an ancient alien spacecraft was a hoax. 

But... was it really a hoax, the above panoramic photo AS15-P-9630 (Atlas Apollo Images) proves the existence of an enormous ancient spacecraft on the moon.

  

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 22/01/2023

SpaceX Conducts 1,000th Rocket Engine Test in 9 months

Since April 28, 2022, NASASpaceflight has been livestreaming engine tests from SpaceX's Rocket Development and Test Facility in McGregor, TX. This past week, SpaceX passed 1,000 engine tests.

A mix of Rapid Unscheduled Disassembles, Pre-Burners, and successful tests, here's the best of the past 1,000 tests.

Ancient Aliens: Atomic Blast Destroys Ancient Pakistani Civilization

Ancient Astronaut Theorists made a shocking discovery related to the Indus people from Mohenjo Daro. See more in this clip from Aliens and Lost Civilizations.

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The 10 Most Insane Planets In The Universe!

The 10 Most Insane Planets In The Universe!

Last Video: NASA Reveals New Telescope That Will Change Everything! https://youtu.be/G0g9yWSr9OU

Updates on Proxima B, The Closest Exoplanet to Us...Is Life Possible Here or Nah?

The UnXplained: Pterodactyl Creature Spotted in 1800s Arizona (Season 4)

A large bird-like creature is rumored to have been spotted in the 1800s in Tombstone, Arizona. See more in this scene from Season 4, Episode 20, "The Weird Wild West."

Watch all your favorite episodes of The UnXplained, and stay up to date on all of your favorite The HISTORY Channel shows at history.com/schedule.

This Ancient Tomb Found In Egypt Revealed Something Terrifying

Did you hear about the evidence of a lost civilization found in the amazon? Or about the lost civilization that constructed the pyramids in Egypt? Well, this latest development will change the way you look at the mysterious ancient wonders of the world. Join us as we break down the latest shocking discovery scientists have made inside an ancient tomb.

Alien Case Files: Fast Walkers | Alien and UFO Encounters

American history is riddled with mysterious objects in the sky. This episode will look into that past, the year 1972 and uncover secret truths about UFOs. The Hidden Truths and Secrets to life beyond our planet are discussed in detail by Alien researchers and first-hand experiencers. Hear directly from U.F.O. and Alien abductees. The stories that these experiencers share will shock you.

The Largest Volcano Ever Is About To Crack Open The Earth

The Most Mysterious Archaeological Finds REALLY Exist!

The lives of our ancestors are still full of mysteries. While many archaeological discoveries have already helped us unravel some of the mysteries of history, other finds only raise more questions. It gets particularly tricky in cases where the recovered artifacts cannot initially be classified in a plausible context. The exciting objects that we are going to take a closer look at today also repeatedly become the focus of adventurous theories. We will now show you what makes the corresponding discoveries so special and what exciting background stories accompany them!

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{ https://www.youtube.com/ }

De verschrikkelijke voorspellingen van Nostradamus en Baba Vanga voor 2023

De toekomst volgens helderzienden

Profetieën voor 2023

Nostradamus en Baba Vanga

De grote Oorlog

De woorden van Nostradamus

Russisch-Oekraïense oorlog?

Opwarming van de aarde

Zijn woorden zijn opgeschreven in het boek der profetieën

Opstanden

'Grote veranderingen, verschrikkelijke rampen en wraakacties'

Een nieuwe paus

De laatste paus?

Hemels vuur

De nieuwe wereldorde

Mars

Op Mars in 2023?

Economische crisis

Ernstige ontberingen en hongersnood

Baba Vanga

Profetieën door Baba Vanga

Verwoestende zonnestorm

Totale verduistering

Verandering van de baan van de aarde

Hogere temperaturen

Biologische wapens

Nieuwe virussen

Profetieën en interpretaties - serieus te nemen?

{ https://www.msn.com/nl-be/ }

“It’s exciting to discover such an extreme system,” said Chih-Chun “Dino” Hsu, a Northwestern astrophysicist who led the study. “In principle, we knew these systems should exist, but no such systems had been identified yet.”

Nature’s extremes play an important role in calibrating our theoretical models, and that’s true of low-mass binaries. Prior to this discovery, astronomers knew of only three short-period, ultra-cool binaries.

The research team found the pair in archival data. They were combing through data using an algorithm Hsu wrote that models stars based on their spectral data. But in those earlier images, the stars just happened to be aligned, so they appeared as a single star. The chances of that happening are high for a tight binary pair like this. But Hsu and his colleagues thought the data was odd, so they observed the star more closely with the Keck Observatory. The observations showed that the light curve changed so quickly there must be two stars.

Eventually, they realized they had found the closest binary pair ever found.

“When we were making this measurement, we could see things changing over a couple of minutes of observation,” said Professor Adam Burgasser of UC San Diego. Burgasser was Hsu’s advisor while Hsu was a Ph.D. student. “Most binaries we follow have orbit periods of years. So, you get a measurement every few months. Then, after a while, you can piece together the puzzle. With this system, we could see the spectral lines moving apart in real-time. It’s amazing to see something happen in the universe on a human time scale.”

To emphasize just how close the stars are to each other, Hsu compared them to our own Solar System and another well-known system. The pair are closer together than Jupiter and one of its Galilean moons, Callisto. It’s also closer than the red dwarf star TRAPPIST-1 is to its closest planet, TRAPPIST-1b.

The stars are much older than the other three similar systems astronomers know of. While those three are relatively young at up to 40 million years old, LP 413-53AB is several billions of years old, like our Sun.

Their age is a clue that the stars didn’t start out this close to one another. The researchers think they could have started out in an even tighter orbit. “This is remarkable because when they were young, something like 1 million years old, these stars would have been on top of each other,” said Burgasser. 

Or the stars may have begun as a pair on wider orbits and then become closer over time. Another possibility is the stars started out as a triple-star system. Gravitational interactions could’ve simultaneously ejected one star and drawn the remaining two into a tighter orbit. More observations of the unique system might help answer that.

Astronomers are interested in stars like these because of what they might tell us about habitable worlds. Since ultracool dwarfs are so dim and cool, their habitable zones are tight regions. That’s the only way they could warm the planets enough to sustain liquid surface water. But in LP 413-53AB’s case, the habitable zone distance is the same as the stellar orbit, eliminating the possibility of habitable exoplanets.

“These ultracool dwarfs are neighbours of our sun,” Hsu said. “To identify potentially habitable hosts, it’s helpful to start with our nearby neighbours. But if close binaries are common among ultracool dwarfs, there may be few habitable worlds to be found.”

Now that astronomers have found one system as tight as this, they want to know if there are more. That’s the only way to understand all these different scenarios. It’s difficult to even approach any conclusions when you only have one data point. But astronomers don’t know if they’ve only found one because they’re so rare or because they’re so difficult to spot.

“These systems are rare,” said Chris Theissen, study co-author and a Chancellor’s Postdoctoral Fellow at UC San Diego. “But we don’t know whether they are rare because they rarely exist or because we just don’t find them. That’s an open-ended question. Now we have one data point that we can start building on. This data had been sitting in the archive for a long time. Dino’s tool will enable us to look for more binaries like this.”

More:

• Press Release: Ultracool dwarf binary stars break records
• YouTube: AAS 241 Press Conference: Stars and Their Activity
• Universe Today: Binary Stars Live Complicated Lives, Especially Near the End

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

What's Going On Over Turkey? Jan 20, 2023, UFO Sighting News. Video!

Date of sighting: Jan 20, 2023

Location of sighting: Turkey

 

This is not a cloud at all, but a UFO that created a cloud within its energy field around it. The field contains the cloud so it wont fly away leaving the UFO visible to humans on the ground. 

 

Why do they observer only? Well, flying in a UFO is kinda like a fish traveling across the universe in a fishtanks, safe and sound within its habitat. The fish takes its water, air, food, everything it needs to survive within its craft. So when it gets to a planet, it can observer safely without risk to itself. Our planet atmosphere, air, viruses, bacteria could be very deadly to aliens, not to mention the odds of them looking like us are very small, so even if they could adjust to our environment, they cold not leave the ship. So...the #1 way aliens can observe us if they fall into those categories is form a cloud around the ship and bring in close. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

This week a very strange sky phenomenon appeared over Turkey. It is said that the apparition was a massive lenticular cloud which appeared at sunrise and featured a large hole in the middle. 

The object was spotted over the city of Bursa in Turkey on Thursday, surprising citizens who captured the rare phenomenon on their phones. 

Despite official reports stating that the object was a lenticular cloud, many believe the flying saucer-like apparition was a massive UFO but disguised as a cloud.

  

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

California UFO sightings: Dana Point Residents Spot a Pulsating, Snake-Like UAP

Residents of Dana Point, California were left stunned on November 12th, 2022, when an unidentified flying object was spotted in the sky. According to eyewitnesses, the object was a long glowing linear object that appeared to be pulsating and had a snake-like action.

One local resident was able to capture footage of the strange sighting on their phone and posted it on their Instagram account. The video shows the object with a long lighted snake-like movement with a sloth-like slithering motion, which the witness claim that it is not of this world.

This UFO sighting was reported to the Mutual UFO Network (MUFON), an organization that investigates and records reports of unidentified flying objects.

• Two round bright UFO that didn’t move - San Diego, CA

While the object remains unidentified, the sudden change in shape and movement has led some to speculate that it could be some sort of advanced technology from another civilization. However, others are skeptical and believe the UFO sightings could be explained by natural phenomena or even a hoax. Until more information comes to light, the true nature of the object remains a mystery.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

Latest UFO Sightings video from West Virginia: Triangle spins and then turns into one light

At least one resident of Morgantown, West Virginia was left stunned on December 1st, 2022, when an unidentified flying object was spotted in the sky. According to eyewitness, the object was in the shape of a triangle and appeared to spin before turning into a single light.

Local resident was able to capture footage of the strange UFO sighting on their phone. The video, which is only 24 seconds long, shows the triangle-shaped object moving in the sky before it turns into a single light.

The video footage is available to view, but unfortunately is only 24 seconds long. It is not enough information to confirm the authenticity of the sighting or identify the object.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 21/01/2023

Our solar system's 'fossils' studied by NASA space missions

NASA Hubble Space Telescope, New Horizons and Lucy missions are examples of the missions that are leading to discoveries about the "fossils of our solar system," according to NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center

Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center

Titan's Dragonfly Test // New Nuclear Rocket // Shadow Universe

The Titan Dragonfly is coming together, NASA is considering a new kind of nuclear rocket, getting more warning for solar flares, and pinpointing carbon emissions from space.

00:00 Intro

00:15 Titan Helicopter Starts to Come Together https://www.universetoday.com/159611/...

02:38 New NIAC Nuclear Rocket Design https://www.universetoday.com/159599/...

05:57 Lunar Flashlight Has Propulsion System Problems

07:25 Solar Flashes and Flares

09:36 CO2 from Space https://www.universetoday.com/159580/...

11:21 Support us on Patreon

12:40 Orphaned Protostar https://www.universetoday.com/159539/...

14:27 Measuring the Universe with Shadows https://www.universetoday.com/159543/...

16:26 Outro

Host: Fraser Cain

Producer: Anton Pozdnyakov

Editing: Artem Pozdnyakov

Launching Into Sunlight & Revealing The Moon's Shadows - Deep Space Updates January 20th

Lots of Launches already in 2023, China and SpaceX are both throwing lots of rockets up there. Virgin Orbit and ABL Space Systems both attempted launches which ended in failure, with ABL only rising a few hundred feet before all the engines shut down and the rocket fell back onto the launch site.

Elsewhere there are a pair of small NASA spacecraft having trouble getting to the moon due to engine problems, and some amazing images of the permanently shadowed regions of the moon from the Shadowcam payload on Korea's Danuri spacecraft

Astronomy Live's Falcon Heavy Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zLxlL...

Scientists Finally Uncovered The Book Of Thoth Under The Nile In Egypt That Revealed This Knowledge

SpaceX upgrades everything on Starship 24 for orbital launch incoming

SpaceX upgrades everything on Starship 24 for orbital launch incoming

Revolutionizing Flight! The Amazing Potential of the CFM RISE Engine.

#Boeing and #Airbus both re-engined their single-aisle 737 and A320 families in the second half of the previous decade. The new versions are a whopping 14 to 15% more efficient than those they replaced. But now, the #CFM #RISE engine promises to ECLIPSE this new generation completely. And in a way, we probably should already have airliners with #engines like these, starting 2 or 3 decades ago! Stay tuned.

UFO’S ON THE MOON : TRUTH EXPOSED - FULL HD SCI-FI MOVIE IN ENGLISH

Science now recognizes that the Moon is far older than previously thought, potentially even older than the Earth or the Sun. Our Moon is the only moon in the solar system with a fixed, nearly perfect circular orbit; it is not a solid object. Stories from the past explain how the Moon came to be in orbit. Why are there mysterious geometric structures on the Moon's surface that resemble those in prehistoric Egypt and other parts of Earth? How is it possible that the Moon perfectly eclipses our Sun by miraculous chance? It is mathematically impossible for a total eclipse to occur on Earth if the Sun and Moon are properly aligned.

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Can SpaceX Starship take the pressure of the first full load? Falcon Heavy, GPS 3, Starlink, EVA

Starbase Texas continues to march towards that first orbital flight test with Starship, with further testing of the super heavy stack, and some continued Starship destruction. A colossal week for the Falcons as SpaceX roars back into the sky multiple times. One of course is the majestic Falcon Heavy launch. The excitement was certainly back on for these past few missions, all intriguing in their own way. Then a few neat items to explore real quick as well. Strap on and get ready for lift off, because we have got a whole fleet of rockets in this one.

COMETS, ASTEROIDS AND METEORIDS– Dangerous Drifters in the Solar System | WELT Documentary

Our solar system was born from a cloud of gas and dust. The largest part of this cosmic rubble heap clumped together to the planets. What remained were cosmic rubble: comets, asteroids and meteoroids. Their investigation helps science to learn more and more about our origin. But they can also be dangerous to us. This episode of "Spacetime" focuses on the cosmic rubble that date back to the early days of our solar system.

What Planetary Scientists revealed of SpaceX's Starship just SHOCKED the entire world...

What Planetary Scientists revealed of SpaceX's Starship just SHOCKED the entire world...

{ https://www.youtube.com/ }

MOLLY GLICK JAN 19 2023

A ROBOT CHOREOGRAPHER REVEALS WHY M3GAN — AND ALL ROBOTS — SHOULD DANCE

Something about dancing robots seems to tickle people’s fancies. After all, millions of people watched a 2020 video from the robotics company Boston Dynamics of its fancy humanoid and quadrupedal devices getting down to ‘60s soul.

More recently, the murderous (yet campy) villain in the movie M3GAN has captivated the internet with her moves — and even earned recognition as a gay icon. Whether we’re obsessing over grooving robots or moving like robots ourselves, automaton choreography clearly holds a place in our hearts.

So it’s no surprise that a niche research field dubbed choreorobotics has gained traction in recent years. Brown University even has an entire course dedicated to the subject. Not only are labs programming robots to gyrate and hop, but dance experts are also helping scientists give their devices more fluid, human-like movements. Ultimately, this kind of work could help us feel closer to robots in an increasingly automated world.

Kate Sicchio, a choreographer and digital artist at Virginia Commonwealth University, combines her dance and tech knowledge to devise robot performances.Last year, Sicchio worked with Patrick Martin from the university’s engineering department to produce a (surprisingly touching) human-automaton duet. Offstage, she also helps design machines with more realistic motions.

Inverse talked to Sicchio to learn more about choreorobotics — and whether increasingly limber robots could actually become blood-thirsty killers like M3GAN.

WHY DO YOU THINK ROBOT DANCING VIDEOS GET SO POPULAR?

It's really interesting to have this unfamiliar device do this uncanny human thing. It’s similar to why we love putting googly eyes on everything. This makes it human even though it's not supposed to be. And that becomes funny or endearing somehow. It's very popular to make the robot do this very human, expressive thing when it's not human or expressive on its own

WHAT MAKES A ROBOT PERFORMANCE POWERFUL?

One of the things we found is that a robot on its own feels very isolated and cold. We have this piece called “Amelia and the Machine.”In the opening, this dancer is actually moving the robot arm around.

People are really moved by this intimacy with the robot and the fact that she's touching it.

It's a small manipulator robot, so it's probably the size of a toddler. The fact that she’s sitting next to it — that small connection really changes how people see the robot because it's no longer this isolated thing. All of a sudden it has a companion.

WHAT STYLE OF DANCE DO ROBOTS DO BEST?

My home is contemporary dance, so that's where I go first. That tends to work well because, with the robot we’re using, it's not a one-to-one mapping of the human body onto the robot. Sometimes it's hard to do traditional ballet, where there are really specific positions to hit. It’s really hard to map an arabesque onto a robot that doesn't have a leg.

I think contemporary dance, where there's a lot of freedom and creativity in how you develop movement, works well. I would be interested in doing things with dance forms with more rhythm or more structure and timing — that would be a really interesting study to follow up with at some point. More tutting or street dance forms could be really interesting to play with.

THE M3GAN DANCE SEEMS TO FRIGHTEN, OR AT LEAST CONFUSE, VIEWERS. CAN DANCING DEVICES BACKFIRE AND ACTUALLY ALIENATE US FROM ROBOTS?

That’s something that we're also studying. There's this weird space where it totally can go wrong and could be like, “They're trying too much to make it human,” and it just falls short and becomes scary. I think what's interesting about M3GAN is that it's a very humanoid robot. The robots I work with do not look human at all, and I'm not interested in trying to make them look human. I get a lot of recommendations to put costumes on them. But I don't know that it needs a hand or a hat, or a tiara. It’s this weird moment where it can become scary instead of endearing or friendly.

One thing that's interesting about M3GAN is how it quickly becomes a killer robot. That is an ethical concern in this field — where might this go wrong? Could this become weaponized somehow if it becomes so good at moving? That's something I think about, too: How do we keep them ethical? I've never taken DARPA funding, but I know people who have gotten military funding for projects like this.

DO YOU HAVE A FAVORITE HOLLYWOOD DANCING ROBOT SCENE?

The scene from Ex Machina. What I like about that dancing robot scene is it’s kind of the reveal that, guess what, this is all training for this AI robot, and all these women you keep seeing in the house aren't really women — and I'm going to show you because we can do this crazy dance routine together.

What stands out and makes it so interesting is that they do all these disco moves, but their eyes are locked on the guy watching. They never move their heads, which is what makes it so weird and un-human: They never unlock their focus. They're not having fun.

WHAT TYPES OF ROBOTS HAVE THE BEST MOVES?

With simpler robots, you can better appreciate the movement they can do and see how that can be made into something more expressive or more collaborative with the human. I think that’s less scary because it's not trying to be human and then failing.

Most researchers use more simple devices — a lot do big industrial arms. It's almost become a trope, the pretty ballerina with the big industrial arm. And then Boston Dynamics has the bipedal, more human sort of robots. The company’s dance spectacles look seamless, but they are actually really hard to program. So they never do them live, you only see the edited videos. They’re a huge production that takes several days to film to get you three minutes of a Bruno Mars song or whatever.

The humanoid ones are just tricky, that center of gravity thing is really hard — it’s easier when the robot is low to the ground. With our small robots, if you make a movement too fast or wild, it will fall over. So you can imagine a big humanoid robot trying to get it to jump, and land is very difficult.

WHY IS CHOREOROBOTICS IMPORTANT BEYOND PERFORMANCE?

I make stage pieces with Patrick Martin, an assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering. But we're also doing scientific studies during that process. We found that, because dancers are interested in doing extreme or different movements, they're very good at finding the boundaries of what a robot can do very quickly. A friend of mine calls dancers “extreme user testers.”

We’ve been doing a lot with machine learning and creating new algorithms for robots to move and we’ve been doing that by studying dancers. We do things like motion capture of dancers doing certain gestures, and then see how we can map those to the robot and see if we can get it to move with new qualities or in ways that normal programming hasn't thought of.

I also think it’s interesting when roboticists engage with choreography themselves. We did a workshop with Patrick Martin and his graduate students and some of my dance students — getting them to move. We explored a variety of prompts around moving the body in space, ways to repeat lines of the body with other body parts, and other approaches of responding to the geometry of the body.

When roboticists think about movement, they're always thinking of it outside of their own body. I think about it like getting the robot to follow my arm. Getting roboticists to actually do the dance and be in their bodies is a really interesting place for us to go next. That will start to develop this kind of kinesthetic empathy that perhaps we're searching for with dancing robots. I think roboticists should become dancers.

{  https://www.inverse.com/horizons }

BY ANDY TOMASWICK

A new way to Peer Into the Permanently Shadowed Craters on the Moon, Searching for Deposits of Water ice

When shielded a specific way, EmberCore emits X and Gamma rays that can be directed to a particular location, much like a flashlight. Effectively, the rover’s power source could also power a high-intensity scanning beam. According to the press release provided by the company in association with the announcement of their Phase I award, the beam could travel many kilometers on an airless world. 

As with many remote sensing applications, that beam would then at least partially reflect back towards a sensor mounted on the rover and can be analyzed to detect the material it was reflecting off of. But, X-rays have an additional feature that anyone who has seen a medical one would be familiar with – they can see what’s underneath an object’s surface. Gamma rays can do so as well.

That added advantage makes having a controllable x-ray/gamma-ray remote sensing platform that also serves as the power source of the rover carrying is an exciting innovation and precisely the kind of research that NIAC usually goes for. The outcome of this preliminary research would be a mission design to one of two places on the Moon.

First would be Shackleton Crater, which has long been thought to hold large amounts of water. Accessing that water would be vital to supporting any long-term human effort to live on the Moon. A remote sensing platform that could scan the crater’s surroundings for the most significant deposits on and under the surface would be invaluable for directing astronauts where to look.

Another location would be the famous Sea of Tranquility (Mare Tranquillitatis), where Apollo 11 first touched down on the Moon. It has plenty of exposed rock strata that could provide insights into the geological formation of the Moon. However, they are only accessible by dangerous terrain that would be difficult for any rover to traverse. Hitting them with an EmberCore flashlight would allow a rover to observe them remotely without making the tricky trek to get to them. 

NIAC Phase I grants are a first step down a long road towards being used on a space mission. But USNC, which is based in Seattle and headed by a former Chief Scientist at Los Alamos National Laboratory, and its EmberCore technology are starting down that road with this concept, and it’s not the first one they’re doing. They were also funded by the US Military’s Defense Innovation Unit to research a nuclear propulsion engine for spacecraft, also based on the EmberCore engine. There might be plenty of more use cases for this novel innovation in space exploration in the future.

Learn More:

• NASA / USNC – EmberCore Flashlight: Long Distance Lunar Characterization with Intense Passive X- and Gamma-ray Source
• USNC – EmberCore
• UT – Yes, There’s Water on the Moon
• UT – Tiny Cubesat Will Shine an Infrared ‘Flashlight’ Into the Moon’s Shadowed Craters, Searching for Water Ice

Lead Image:

• Artist’s depiction of a rover on the Moon with an EmberCore flashlight.
  Credit – Christopher Morrison

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

The First 2023 UFO Photo from Venezuela

Venezuela may have captured the first UFO photo of 2023, according to journalist Héctor Escalante. Escalante, who is known for his coverage of UFO sightings in Venezuela, shared the photo on his Instagram account, claiming it was taken by a man named Ricardo Monzón on January 7th in the Miranda Region.
The photo appears to show a disc-shaped unidentified flying object in the sky, and Escalante notes that the shape and orientation of the object do not match that of any street lights in the area, leading him to believe it is not simply a reflection. While the authenticity of the photo has not been confirmed, it has sparked excitement and speculation among UFO enthusiasts in Venezuela and beyond.

RELATED

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

VIDEOS! Giant Cigar-Shaped UFO Spotted in Multiple Locations Across South Africa

On January 19th, 2023, a mysterious cigar-shaped UFO was spotted in multiple locations across South Africa, including Thohoyandou, Pretoria, Sandton, Bloemfontein, Bethlehem, Soweto, and Atlanta. Here’s the report of the UFO sighting that seen at around 8:02pm by a group of friends who were catching up next to their home in Thohoyandou.

According to the witness, the object initially appeared to be a very bright star, but as it got closer, it became longer and longer in size. The UFO had several bright straight lights and a ring or halo on its sides. One of the most striking things about the sighting was that no sound was heard coming from the object and it didn’t point in the direction it was going. Instead, it pointed slightly to the right but continued moving straight. The witness also opened her phone to check which satellite it was using the Skyview app and it showed nothing.

As the UFO passed overhead, the witnesses were unable to identify it as anything they had seen before. It was not something that could have been produced by human technology. The object disappeared quickly, becoming dim and then disappearing entirely, possibly at unimaginable speeds.

• Two round bright UFO that didn’t move - San Diego, CA

• Check out more latest UFO sightings from South Africa at this tag!

The UFO sightings were captured on video by the witnesseses and shared on social media, where it quickly gained attention. Other people also reported seeing the UFO in the same locations, adding to the intrigue surrounding the event.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

This day in UFO history: The Varginha UFO Incident

The Varginha UFO incident is considered one of the most well-known and controversial cases in Brazilian ufology. It all began on 20th January 1996, when three young women, sisters Liliane and Valquíria Fátima Silva, and their friend Kátia Andrade Xavier, reported seeing a strange creature while they were out on a walk in a park in Varginha, Brazil.

They described the creature as being around 1.6 meters tall, with a large head and very thin body, with V-shaped feet, brown skin, and large red eyes. They said that the creature seemed to be unsteady or wobbling, and they assumed it was injured or sick. The Silva sisters reported that they were so frightened by the creature that they ran away and told their mother that they had seen the “devil”.

• This UFO Was Shapeshifting Over Brazil

Their mother didn’t believe them at first, but when she went to the area where they had seen the creature, she reportedly smelled a strong ammonia-like odor and found nothing but footprints and a dog sniffing the place. This further added to the mystery of the incident and rumors began to spread throughout the city regarding UFO sightings and alien creatures being abducted by the military forces.

Two days later, another creature was allegedly found lying along a road, and three military trucks were reportedly sent to retrieve it. A similar sighting was reported at the local zoo by its janitor. In the following months, three animals at the zoo mysteriously died. Ufologist Roger Leir wrote a book, “UFO Crash in Brazil,” that included interviews from people who claimed two creatures were taken to a clinic before being removed by military personnel.

According to Eurico de Freitas and Oralina, they saw a UFO hovering over their farm. After going to investigate what was disturbing their cattle, she saw the object hovering over their field for around 40 minutes.

An official investigation carried out by the Brazilian military in 2010 revealed that the Silva sisters actually came across a mentally unstable homeless man named Muddinho.

Military officials presented photos of Mudinho, who they believed was a mentally unstable man with a mental disability. They also believed that the three women might have mistaken him for a space creature due to his physical characteristics.

• You can find out more about Varginha UFO incident at this tag!

An officer Lieutenant Colonel Lúcio Carlos Finholdt Pereira leading the investigation noted that the military vehicles were operating normally that night.

He also noted that the presence of military vehicles and firefighters in the area was not a coincidence. The officers explained that the activities of the military and firefighters that night were actually real.

The incident has sparked numerous theories and speculations, with many people convinced that the Brazilian government is hiding the truth about the capture of extraterrestrial beings. Despite the official explanation, the incident remains a subject of debate and interest among UFO enthusiasts and researchers. The incident has also been the subject of several films and documentaries, further fueling the publicinterest in the case.

Despite the official explanation, many people remain skeptical and believe that the Brazilian government is hiding the truth about the capture of extraterrestrial beings. Some have pointed to alleged inconsistencies in the official story, such as the fact that the military trucks were seen in the area at the time of the creature’s sighting and that the creatures’ descriptions did not match that of a homeless person. Some ufologists have also pointed to the presence of strange markings and burn marks on the creature’s body, which they believe were caused by military equipment used to capture the creature.

The incident has also been the subject of several films and documentaries, including “The Varginha Incident” and “UFOs in Brazil: The Varginha Case.” These productions have further fueled the public’s interest in the case and have brought it to a global audience.

Despite the lack of concrete evidence and the official explanation, the Varginha UFO incident remains one of the most well-known and debated cases in Brazilian ufology. It continues to be a subject of interest among researchers, UFO enthusiasts, and the general public, who are all searching for answers about what really happened in Varginha in 1996.

• Vitorio Pacaccini talks about Varginha Aliens photos and videos – read more!

RELATED

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 20/01/23

Are Aliens Disguised as Animals? | Ancient Aliens (Season 1)

Could extraterrestrials be hiding amongst us in animal form? Check out this scene from Season 1, Episode 2, "Aliens and Strange Creatures."

Watch all new episodes of Ancient Aliens, Fridays, at 9/8c, and next day on The HISTORY Channel website at http://history.com/schedule.

• #AncientAliens

James Webb Space Telescope image features 'dragon-like' structure 'spitting out balls of hot gas'

The James Webb Space Telescope captured NGC 346, a star-forming region about 210,000 light years away. One of the features of the region resembles a dragon. Learn more about it in this NASA tour.

Full Story: https://www.space.com/james-webb-spac...

The First Shocking Images from the New James Webb Telescope Have Just Been Released!

Overwhelming, breathtaking, mysterious: there are many words to describe our view of the nighttime firmament. Where the human eye becomes ineffective, the most modern technology of our time comes into play: As we all know, the James Webb Space Telescope is currently dedicated to the exciting task of tracking down the great mysteries of the cosmos and making them visible to us. Today, we would like to take a literal look at just how technically superior Webb is to its predecessors. In view of the astonishing comparisons and new findings, one thing above all becomes clear to us: Just because a secret of the universe has been discovered, this does not mean that it has been completely uncovered.

Apollo 20: The Secret Mission to the Moon to Salvage an Ancient Alien Spacecraft

Apollo 20: The Secret Mission to the Moon to Salvage an Ancient Alien Spacecraft

The Apollo spaceflight program lasted from 1961 to 1972.

Apollo 11 was Neil Armstrong's famous first step. Apollo 17 was the last manned mission to the moon.

In all, 20 Apollo flights were planned but Apollo 18, 19 and 20 were canceled.

But in 2007, a retired astronaut blew the whistle and claimed Apollo 18, 19 and 20 did happen. But they were highly classified. He knows this because was the commander of Apollo 20.

He said the reason these missions were kept secret is because of what they found on the moon.

Well, not just what they found -- also who they found.

Starship Stack Prepared for Full Wet Dress Rehearsal | SpaceX Boca Chica

Crews worked on Booster 7's HPU cover ahead of the expected upcoming full stack WDR, large GSE pipes were delivered, and Booster 10's forward section was rolled out of the Mid Bay.

What is the Green Comet? | Neil deGrasse Tyson Explains...

What is the green comet? Neil deGrasse Tyson and comedian Chuck Nice talk about the Oort Cloud comet passing by Earth for the first time since The Stone Age.

What makes the green comet green? Learn about the outer objects in our solar system: The Kuiper Belt and The Oort Cloud. What is cyanogen and what is its relationship to Halley’s comet? We discuss sublimation, what makes the tail of a comet and whether this one will be visible to the naked eye. 

Scientists Have Announced That 7 Mysterious Cosmic Objects Keep Passing Through The Solar System

The Large Hadron Colider Just Made A Discovery That Defies All Logic!

The LHC is the most potent particle accelerator in existence, and it can be found at CERN, beneath the borders of France and Switzerland. Superconducting magnets and beams of protons are used in the enormous donut-shaped collider to smash known particles together at extremely high energies.

Sudden Discovery: аn Advanced Civilization Hidden in Antarctica

Queen’s Tomb Of 800.000 Year Old Found In Egypt?

Welcome to History Bazaar, In this episode we are looking at one of the most exceptional tomb founds in history.

AI Robot Terrifies Officials Before It Was Quickly Shut Down!

The Pilot Observed a Big Hole in the Ground and When He Saw That He Was Speechless!

Imagine you are on board an airplane. As you relax and look out of the window, your gaze suddenly sees something that clearly stands out from the natural landscape: A gigantic abyss that eats down hundreds of meters! But what could this awe-inspiring structure be? A huge bomb crater, the gateway to hell - or is it the entrance to a hidden world that we would never have dared to dream of? If you want to know what these gaping scars of the earth are really all about, then sit back, give us a like and subscribe, and be sure to watch our video to the end!

NASA Scientists Speechless...Massive Unexplained Anomalies in the Saturn System

A series of remarkable images taken by the Hubble telescope indicate extraterrestrial explorers could be using Saturn's rings to power their spaceships. These images had been carefully analysed, and astonishingly, these ships are estimated to be at least 7000-mile-long. Furthermore, they might be heading this way!

15 Most Controversial Recent Archaeological Discoveries!

It is actually very normal for new finds and discoveries to first puzzle scientists in their relevant fields. What is a new discovery all about, what is its context and what can it tell us that is significant to the bigger picture? But then there are discoveries that do not simply cause speechlessness for a moment. Many finds cannot be explained or put into a larger context, even years later, and quickly these things become a great mystery to the relevant fields. This is also the case with the following examples, which have been analysed frequently and for which there are many theories, but proof for these theories is still lacking in many cases.

{ https://www.youtube.com/ }

UFO Sightings in the United States

Sightings are from MUFON CMS

California Object

Ferndale  on December 25, 2022, I snapped photos with my iPhone 13 Pro using the Pro Cam App. Telephoto Camera. When I saw the photo at 9:30 pm, there were 2 strange lights. and strange dream that night.

Florida Lights

Anna Maria Island on May 20, 2022,  I just bought a new phone  that I was testing an incredible zoom across the bay to the bridge hit by a tanker. Nearby I see a disc hovering over the water and five people said it was UFO!

Georgia Lights

Lithonia on December 17, 2022, 3-5 orange lights that moved east was hovering in one spot for a long period of time.

Indiana Object

Greentown  on September 16 , 2022. my veterans reunion, I took over 100 pictures using my Canon T6 with 75 -300 telephoto lens during process I saw black CR2 format. I’ve seen this type of fuzzy photos before and I know they can be fixed.

Nevada Plane

Las Vegas on December 25, 2022, as recording an airplane I caught what I did not see in a dark, solid craft flying straight across from mid right side of screen towards left.. I’ve been seeing crafts all my life,.

New Jersey Craft

Egg Harbor TWP on November 4, 2018, my mother driving at night with me I noticed a huge black craft flying \\ over top of us low and down English Creek Ave The vehicle had no wings, and was a huge black, metallic rectangle, increased speed and disappeared.  Depiction of sighting.

Stockton on December 4, 2022, at 12:47 pm, I was hearing a very loud military jet fly by, I noticed a strange concave light and then the B2 stealth bomber appears for a fly over in Philly for a football game. The bomber flew off and for ten minutes I watched this light stop and then fly away.

North Carolina Object

Longview on January 5, 2023, my wife and her cousin were taking our son to school when they spotted this object blinking in the sky. It hovered in place for around 3 minutes then vanished.

Texas Objects’

Eustace on December 18, 2022, I was outside my house setting up my telescope when I looked up and saw two circular objects hovering and then they suddenly bolted off

San Antonio on December 26, 2022, at 5:30 PM, I witnessed 4 objects falling from the sky at a high rate of speed. They were flying straight down and after 8 minutes they just disappeared. A witness said that he had seen 3 or 4 others falling earlier in the day.

Worldwide UFO Sightings

 Australia Lights

Melbourne on December 31, 2022, I saw these green and red lights shaped like a disc and it was hovering with flashing lights and then in descended and aces ended and hovered again for another 5 minutes with glowing red.

Canada Object

Bedford on January 12, 2023, I was having a cigarette and seen this star shaped object , it then seemed to flash red and blue lights, not continuously , at random. It did change locations by the end of it.

France Object near Jupiter

Guigny on December 16, 2022, I followed some objects around Jupiter for about ten days and there were all kinds of vehicles near the moons and Jupiter. I have been investigating this phenomenon for 2 and a half years and I do not understand why it does not take more space in the media. when it is a real phenomenon.

La grand combe on January 6, 2023, two evenings in a row remained stationary from 00:30 am to 4:30 am… I also have a video that I showed to the gendarmerie of the Grand Combe, but that I am not sending you..

Italy Object

Row on December 6, 2022, I was taking three pictures of Vatican one photo displays  a UFO,.I Did not see with naked eye when taking photo. Is the photo legitimate or if some other phenomena?

Mexico Light

Uaymitun on March 17, 2022, two cylinder craft seemed to move slower, and in a different of a recognizable passenger jet, and trails were much shorter than jet’s trail. They rotated slightly/

Scotland Lights

Glasgow on January 1, 2023, I noticed a red flashing light two green lights in the sky As I walked past it with the dog it did not move. I could make out some sort of triangular shape with the green light. my mum who lived fairly close but she couldn’t see it. I got a fright, as it was lower for a second and then disappeared.

UK/England Lights

Trowbridge on August 19, 2022, we saw bright red lights, they multiplied in the sky. They were swirling around and left a ‘glittery’ trail. the lights started to split and then re-join and swirl around without stop we it was a UAP. The lights steadily got spectacular brighter flying at the same speed for a long time.

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Filer’s Files is copyrighted 2022 by George A. Filer, all rights reserved. Readers may post the COMPLETE files on their Web Sites if they credit the newsletter and its editor by name, and list the date of issue. These reports and comments are not necessarily the OFFICIAL MUFON viewpoint. Send your letters to Majorstar@verizon.net

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{ https://nationalufocenter.com/ }

UFO with Cloud Trail Over Hoofddorp, Netherlands On Jan 17, 2023, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Jan 17, 2023
Location of sighting: Hoofddorp, Netherlands

 

Hey check this out. Here is a sighting recorded in Netherlands two days ago and a dark object was seen in the sky leaving a contrail-like cloud behind it. The sky was overcast and easy for it to hide, but it still stood out well. From the looks of it, it appears to be the size of city bus and yet, its just sitting there, as if waiting for something. I wish we had more footage of this. It looks like it came from an underground base, made its way to apoint where it will sit, but I have a feeling it pointed areas each had a single ball of light that lights up when it powers up for shooting away. Seen such things before in other reports. Fantastic capture. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan  

 

Eyewitness states: 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

Unprecedented astronomical events...

1. Changes on planets, stars and sun (1859-Now) 

2. Solar killshot (Technological) - (2020s/2030s) 

3. Weather, animals, the solar red and black (2030s) 

4. Solar micronova event (2030s/2040s) 

5. Shell impact, Arc discharge (within hours) 

6. Whole planet electrical insult (within minutes) 

7. Earth turns over, impactors, cold (begins immediately - lasts days/weeks) 

Coincidental or not but the analysis of Suspicious0bservers is comparable with some of Baba Vanga's predictions, that a big astronomical event will occur as Earth's orbit will change and as a result of this event, it could have catastrophic consequences on Earth as well as the Earth will be hit by an unprecedented solar storm on a scale the world has never before seen.

Is a disaster unfolding?

  

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

Astonishing UFO sighting in Texas

Unidentified flying objects spotted in Texas? Discover the mysterious lights that left experts stumped and have people questioning if it’s proof of a UFO or just a mystery in our latest article.

In September 2018, a group of friends in Tomball, Texas were astounded by mysterious lights in the sky. Three teardrop-shaped glowing objects appeared to be hovering in a deliberate, coordinated motion. Nick Daily, one of the friends who witnessed the event, stated that they would circle around in formation and then come back to a triangle formation, describing the experience as “incredible”. He also stated that, as an ex-military member, he had never seen anything like it.

According to author and journalist Alexis Brooks, this is far from the first time mysterious lights have been spotted in Texas. In April 2022, similar lights were seen in the town of Kyle, Texas. These lights had an orange glow and local officials were unable to provide an explanation.

• Insane Video of Triangle Shaped UFO Flying over Texas

The lights in Tomball have also been described as “phasing”, where the craft change their atomic structure so that they appear to be dematerializing and rematerializing. This has led some to speculate that the lights were UFOs.

To get to the bottom of the incident, video forensic expert Michael Primeau and aviation expert Tim McMillan were consulted. Primeau determined that the footage appeared to be authentic and that no known file signatures were identified. McMillan stated that the movements of the lights were not consistent with fixed-wing aircraft and that they were too close to be conventional aircraft.

Astronomer and video effects editor Marc D’Antonio was also consulted. While he could not provide a definitive explanation for the lights, he did note that the incident in Tomball was alone reported UFO sighting in Texas. In fact, one of the first reported UFO incidents in Texas was on April 17, 1897, when a UFO crashed on a farm near Aurora, Texas, with claims of an alien pilot found dead inside.

The question remains: were the lights in Tomball proof of a UFO or just a mystery the size of the Lone Star State? The experts can only provide their analysis of the footage, but it is up to the viewer to come to their own conclusion.

https://www.youtube.com/shorts/kKNknl_Dt-E

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

UFOs in Germany: The unsolved mystery of the Greifswald incident

Uncover the unsolved mystery of the Greifswald UFO incident of 1990. Witness accounts & theories analyzed in search of proof of intelligent life from other worlds.

On August 24, 1990, a group of UFO researchers set out on a journey from Xanten to Usedom to investigate a mysterious incident involving unidentified flying objects (UFOs) in Greifswald. The incident had occurred a few weeks prior and had generated a lot of buzz in the local community, with many people claiming to have seen strange lights in the sky. The researchers were determined to get to the bottom of the mystery and find out what had really happened.

• Mysterious UFO spotted over Tamaulipas highway, Mexico

The first stop on their journey was Ahlbeck, a small town on the island of Usedom. This is where one of the most well-known witnesses of the incident, Jens Hollard, lived. Hollard had been sitting in a beer garden with his girlfriend on the night of the incident and had seen something that he couldn’t explain. The researchers met with Hollard and listened intently as he recounted his experience.

“I was sitting here with my girlfriend, enjoying a beer and the nice weather, when I saw something strange in the sky,” said Hollard. “At first, I thought it was an airplane, but it was moving in ways that I had never seen before. It was moving up and down, and it seemed to change shape. I’ve never seen anything like it before.”

Hollard went on to describe how the object had appeared to be made up of several smaller lights that were all moving together in unison. He said that it was difficult to tell how far away the object was, but it seemed to be moving very quickly. He also mentioned that he had heard no sound coming from the object.

The researchers asked Hollard if he had any idea what the object could have been. He shook his head and said, “I have no idea. I’m not a UFO fanatic or anything like that, but this is definitely something that I’ve never seen before. It’s definitely not a normal aircraft.”

The researchers thanked Hollard for his time and set out to interview other witnesses. The next stop was the town of Greifswald, where they met with Kettmann, another witness of the incident. Kettmann had been in the town square on the night of the incident and had seen a chain of bright lights in the sky.

“It was amazing,” said Kettmann. “The whole square was full of people looking up at the sky. The lights were just hanging there, not moving. They were like glowing orbs. I’ve never seen anything like it before.”

Kettmann went on to say that the lights had been visible for several hours, which he found to be unusual. He said that military flares typically only last for a few minutes, but these lights had been visible for much longer. He also mentioned that he had heard no sound coming from the lights.

The researchers thanked Kettmann for his time and set out to investigate further. They spoke with several other witnesses and examined the area where the lights had been seen. They also searched for any possible physical evidence, such as debris or burn marks on the ground. However, they were unable to find any concrete evidence that could explain the incident.

Despite the lack of concrete evidence, the researchers were convinced that something strange and unexplained had occurred in Greifswald on August 24, 1990. The accounts of the witnesses were too consistent and detailed to be dismissed as mere hoaxes or hallucinations. The researchers continued to investigate the incident, hoping to find definitive proof of intelligent life from other worlds.

The Greifswald UFO incident remains a mystery to this day. The researchers never found any concrete evidence that could explain the incident, but the accounts of the witnesses and their detailed descriptions of the event are intriguing and leave open the possibility of something truly mysterious and unexplained. The incident has been studied by UFO researchers and enthusiasts for decades, and it continues to generate interest and speculation.

One theory that has been put forward to explain the incident is that the lights were some kind of military experiment or test. However, this theory has been debunked by the fact that no military exercises were taking place in the area at the time and that the lights were visible for several hours, which is much longer than the typical duration of a military flare.

Another theory is that the lights were some kind of natural phenomenon, such as a meteor shower or a display of the Northern Lights. However, this theory is also unlikely, as the lights were seen in a specific location and were moving in a coordinated fashion, which is not characteristic of a meteor shower or aurora.

Despite the lack of a clear explanation, the Greifswald UFO incident remains one of the most intriguing and well-documented UFO sightings in recent history. The researchers involved in the investigation continue to search for answers, and the hope remains that one day they will find the ultimate proof that intelligent life from other worlds exists.

In conclusion, the mysterious lights of the Greifswald UFO incident, August 24, 1990, are still unsolved till today, it is still a topic for discussion for UFO enthusiasts and researchers. The detailed accounts of the witnesses and the lack of any concrete evidence make it a mysterious and intriguing event that leaves open the possibility of the existence of intelligent life from other worlds.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 19/01/2023

What Are they Hiding? Decoded: The Great Pyramids

Nikola Tesla Was Quick to Decode THIS Secret About The Great Pyramids and They Silenced Him. The Egyptian pyramid is one of the most mysterious structures on this planet. No one knows when they were built, how they were built, who built them, and most importantly: why were they built? In today’s video, we will take you on a journey across time to find out what secrets do the pyramids hold that baffled even the mind of the great Nikola Tesla, and how he was so close to replicating it to create free energy for the whole world.

NASA Reveals New Telescope That Will Change Everything!

NASA Reveals New Telescope That Will Change Everything!

Last Video: What Life Inside The SpaceX Starship Will Be Like!

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yPWv4...

The Omega Point

This is straight out of Teilhard de Chardin's works. He was a Jesuit priest/scientist and proponent of evolution, heavily involved with anthropology, evolution, etc. I did my MA thesis on his works and process theology and how it intersects with science. He spoke a lot about the Omega Point as the end of evolution and the development of the noosphere.

Scientists Find New Way To Control Quantum Computers

Today we’ll talk about climate engineering, quantum computers, how to tell a nuclear bomb from TNT, what an atom really looks like, random keys from cosmic rays, who is filing the most patents and on what, climate labels for food, a tractor beam that didn’t quite live up to my expectations. And of course, the telephone will ring.

SpaceX launches Starlink batch from Vandenberg Space Force Base, nails landing

A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launched 51 Starlink satellites from California's Vandenberg Space Force Base on Jan. 19, 2023.

Full Story: https://www.space.com/spacex-launch-s... The first stage of the rocket landed on the 'Of Course I Still Love You' droneship in the Pacific Ocean shortly after separation.

Credit: SpaceX

Elon Musk declared SpaceX Starship factory to build five Megarockets in 2023 SHOCKED others...

Rockets are some of the most complex creations ever achieved by humanity. Lots of math, chemistry, physics, engineering tolerances - you name it.
Yet, Elon Musk just declared SpaceX Starship factory to build up to five Megarockets in 2023 which is really SHOCKING all the others!
But can this plan come true?
Analyze everything about this in today's episode of Alpha Tech:

On January 14, Elon Musk shared the company has plans to build “about five full stacks” of Starship in 2023.
This is certainly a bold plan. Let's talk about the Starship scale:

The launch vehicle is undergoing development at the Starbase facility located in Boca Chica Beach, Texas. Starship is composed of two stages, a spacecraft that is propelled to orbit by a Super Heavy rocket powered by 33 methane-fueled Raptor V2 engines.
Impressively, when fully stacked, it is 390-feet-high which is taller than the U.S. Statue of Liberty. Starship is destined to become the world’s most powerful fully-reusable rocket.

According to Musk, SpaceX aims to build “about five full stacks” this year, translating to five flightworthy Starships and five Super Heavy boosters.

In 2022, SpaceX finished Booster 7 and built Booster 8, Booster 9, and most of the Booster 10. Booster 8 was almost immediately relegated to the retirement yard. Booster 9, featuring some significant design changes, completed a limited amount of proof testing and returned to the factory in early January – likely for Raptor engine installation. The fate of Booster 10 is unclear, but it stands as a prime example of how fast SpaceX can actually build massive Starship hardware when conditions are right. SpaceX began stacking B10 in late October 2022 and the vehicle is just two stacks away from full height three months later.
Elon Musk declared SpaceX Starship factory to build five Megarockets in 2023 SHOCKED others..

The NEWEST photos from James Webb | High Point Scientific

Today, the James Webb Space Telescope has officially been active for 6 months. Let's look at some of the outstanding photos it's captured so far. Which one is your favorite?

Chapters

00:00 - 00:14 - Intro

00:15 - 01:33 - Carina Nebula

01:34 - 02:02 - Cartwheel Galaxy

02:03 - 02:15 - L1527 and Protostar

02:16 - 02:34 - Interacting Galaxies VV 191

02:35 - 02:53 - Neptune

02:54 - 04:53 - Pillars of Creation

04:54 - 05:31 - Webb's First Deep Field

05:32 - 05:52 - Southern Ring Nebula

05:53 - 07:10 - Stephan's Quintet

07:11 - 08:24 - Tarantula Nebula

08:25 - 08:39 - Outro

This NASA Telescope Just Revealed That Two Huge Objects Just Formed In The Center Of The Milky Way!

Underwater UFO: Is This Proof of Alien Deep Sea Creatures?

Mysterious objects have been spotted in our oceans for centuries, but this footage seems to show something out of this world. Could this be proof of alien life? Are Deep Sea Creatures Aliens?
UFOLOGY #23

Rare Archaeological Discoveries

Triton, The Moon That Was A Dwarf Planet

Triton, The moon that was a Dwarf Planet

When you look at Triton and beyond, it doesn’t look like any of the other known systems. It is among some known Satellites which have many geysers, erupting liquid nitrogen five miles in the sky. The atmosphere is also freezing, with temperatures ranging from -235 to -210 degrees Celsius. Triton is one of the most strong moons in our Solar System. Neptune’s Satellites are dominated mainly by its moon to such an extent that it almost kicked some of Neptune’s moon out of their orbit.

Neptune has 14 known Satellites, the most massive of which is Triton. Neptune's Triton is the seventh-largest moon in the Solar System and the only large moon in the Solar System with a retrograde orbit. It was discovered in 1846 by British astronomer William Lassell, who named it after the Greek god of the sea, Triton. It is also Neptune’s first moon to be discovered. With a surface temperature of only 38 Kelvin, the satellite is one of the coldest objects in the Solar System, only second to Uranus. It is an exciting and mysterious world, and its exploration will yield many interesting discoveries. It has been researched extensively since its discovery.
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"If You happen to see any content that is yours, and we didn't give credit in the right manner please let us know at Lorenzovareseaziendale@gmail.com and we will correct it immediately"

"Some of our visual content is under an Attribution-ShareAlike license. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/) in its different versions such as 1.0, 2.0, 3,0, and 4.0 – permitting commercial sharing with attribution given in each picture accordingly in the video."

Credits: Ron Miller, Mark A. Garlick / MarkGarlick.com
Credits: Nasa/Shutterstock/Storyblocks/Elon Musk/SpaceX/ESA/ESO/ Flickr

00:00 Intro

2:05 Triton, Neptune's moon

8:00 conclusion

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Scientists and publishing specialists are concerned that the increasing sophistication of chatbots could undermine research integrity and accuracy.

Credit: Ted Hsu/Alamy

• Nature 613, 423 (2023)
• doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-00056-7

{ https://www.nature.com/ }

A laser beam (green) shoots into the sky alongside the 124-metre-high telecommunications tower on Säntis mountain in the Swiss Alps.

Credit: TRUMPF/Martin Stollberg

A rapidly firing laser can divert lightning strikes, scientists have shown for the first time in real-world experiments¹. The work suggests that laser beams could be used as lightning rods to protect infrastructure, although perhaps not any time soon.

“The achievement is impressive given that the scientific community has been working hard along this objective for more than 20 years,” says Stelios Tzortzakis, a laser physicist at the University of Crete, Greece, who was not involved in the research. “If it’s useful or not, only time can say.”

Metal lightning rods are commonly used to divert lightning strikes and safely dissipate their charge. But the rods’ size is limited, meaning that so, too, is the area they protect.

Physicists have wondered whether lasers could enhance protection, because they can reach higher into the sky than a physical structure and can point in any direction. But despite successful laboratory demonstrations, researchers have never before succeeded in field campaigns, says Tzortzakis.

Bolt from the blue

To change that, a group of roughly 25 researchers set up the Laser Lightning Rod project, which trialled a specially created €2 million (US$2 million) high-power laser in the Swiss Alps. The scientists placed the laser next to the Säntis telecommunications tower, which is hit frequently by lightning. “This is one of those projects that everyone was waiting for the results of,” says Valentina Shumakova, a laser physicist at the University of Vienna.

A sufficiently intense laser beam can create a conductive path for lightning to travel down, just as a metal wire can. Physicists think that it does this by shifting the properties of air so that the beam focuses into a thin, intense filament. This rapidly heats the air, reducing its density and creating a favourable path for lightning. “It’s like drilling a hole through the air with the laser,” says Aurélien Houard, a physicist at the Laboratory of Applied Optics in Paris, who led the project.

Rather than try to divert lightning from the tower, the Säntis experiments were designed to show that the laser could guide a strike’s path through the structure’s lightning rod. In future use, similar beams would guide strikes away from sensitive installations and onto a distant lightning rod, says Houard.

Guided lightning

Over 10 weeks of observation, the team spotted the laser channelling 4 lightning events during 6 hours of thunderstorms. A high-speed camera clearly showed one strike following the straight line of the laser beam, rather than taking a branching path.

“For 100% of the strikes where the laser was present, we measured an effect of the laser,” says Houard. But Tzortzakis notes that the laser was also active for many hours without channelling strikes. This suggests that although the laser diverted lightning, it did not force thunderclouds to discharge, which would be a better protection strategy, he says.

RELATED

US achieves laser-fusion record: what it means for nuclear-weapons research

The latest effort succeeded where others had failed, says Tzortzakis, because previous attempt had used a laser that fired just a few pulses per second. This team used a specialist laser that fires 1,000 high-energy pulses per second, which would have boosted its chance of intercepting the lightning.

However, the fact that the project’s laser is one of a kind is also its biggest limitation, because it will take time to shrink the system and make it cheaper and more practical, says Houard.

• doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-00080-7

{ https://www.nature.com/ }

You’re Looking at a Map of the Milky Way’s Magnetic Field

“These new maps give a detailed description in a new frequency range, from 10 to 40 GHz, complementing those from space missions such as Planck and WMAP,” said José Alberto Rubiño, lead scientist of the QUIJOTE Collaboration, in a press release. “We have characterized the synchrotron emission from our Galaxy with unprecedented accuracy. This radiation is the result of the emission by charged particles moving at velocities close to that of light within the Galactic magnetic field. These maps, the result of almost 9,000 hours of observation, are a unique tool for studying magnetism in the universe.”

The work on this mapping project started in 2012, and the team has now published a series of 6 scientific papers that provide the most accurate description to date of the polarization of the emission of the Milky Way at microwave wavelengths. Polarization is a “property of transverse waves such as light waves that specifies the direction of the oscillations of the waves and signifies the presence of a magnetic field,” the team explained.

With the new maps, astronomers not only have more detailed information about the structure of the Milky Way’s magnetic field, but their findings also is helping to understand the energetic processes which took place close to the birth of the Universe.

“Scientific evidence suggests that the Universe went through a phase of rapid expansion, called inflation, a fraction of a second after the Big Bang,” said Rubiño. “If this is correct, we would expect to find some observable consequences when we study the polarization of the cosmic microwave background. Measuring those expected features is difficult, because they are small in amplitude, but also because they are less bright than the polarized emission from our own galaxy. However, if we finally measure them, we will have indirect information of the physical conditions in the very early stages of our Universe, when the energy scales were much higher than those that we can access or study from the ground. This has enormous implications for our understanding of fundamental physics.”

The new maps from QUIJOTE have also provided new data for studying a recently detected excess of microwave emission from the center of our Galaxy. The origin of this emission is currently unknown, but it could be connected to the decay processes of dark matter particles.

Additionally, the data from the  QUIJOTE collaboration allows scientists to  study over 700 sources of emission in radio and microwaves, of both Galactic and extragalactic origin, meaning that the data is helping scientists to decipher signals coming from beyond our galaxy, including the cosmic microwave background radiation.

 “One of the most interesting results we have found is that the polarized synchrotron emission from our Galaxy is much more variable than had been thought” said Elena de la Hoz, a researcher at the Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA). “The results we have obtained are a reference to help future experiments make reliable detections of the CMB signal.

Below are links to the 6 papers published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society:

•  ‘QUIJOTE scientific results – IV. A northern sky survey in intensity and polarization at 10–20 GHz with the Multi-Frequency Instrument’, Rubiño-Martin et al.
• “The microwave intensity and polarization spectra of the Galactic regions W49, W51, and IC443”, Tramonte et al.
•  “The Haze as seen by QUIJOTE”, Guidi et al.
• “Galactic AME sources in the QUIJOTE-MFI North Hemisphere wide survey”, Poidevin et al.
• “Diffuse polarized foregrounds from component separation with QUIJOTE-MFI”, de la Hoz et al.
•  “Radio sources in the QUIJOTE-MFI wide survey maps”, Herranz et al.

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }