We still don’t know where the first interstellar asteroid came from

Clues from ‘Oumuamua’s speed and trajectory lead to answers all over the sky map

BY LISA GROSSMAN 

 

ALIEN ASTEROID  This artist’s representation of interstellar asteroid ‘Oumuamua shows its unusual shape: 400 meters long and just about 40 meters wide. No asteroids in the solar system are shaped like that. 

M. KORNMESSER/EUROPEAN SOUTHERN OBSERVATORY

ISO: A home for a stray space rock. Astronomers are tracking the motions of stars to figure out which one sent an alien asteroid speeding past Earth in October — but they may never find the rock’s true origins.

Officially named ‘Oumuamua, the asteroid was spotted by the Pan-STARRS 1 telescope in Hawaii on October 18 (SN: 11/25/17, p. 14). Its inbound speed of about 25.5 kilometers per second and its slingshot route around the sun pegged it as the first interstellar vagabond ever seen.

That was the easy part. Now astronomers are trying to trace ‘Oumuamua’s path backwards to a particular star or group of stars, without much success. Several papers published online since the asteroid’s flyby peg it as a relatively youthful vagabond, but where it came from is all over the map.

“From my perspective, this object has been hopping stars since it became a free-floating object,” says Simon Portegies Zwart of the Leiden Observatory in the Netherlands. He and his colleagues used star data from the Gaia spacecraft, which released a preliminary catalog of millions of stellar motions in 2016 (SN: 10/15/16, p.16), to calculate the positions of nearby stars in the past. The team found that about 1.3 million years ago, ‘Oumuamua passed within about half a light-year of an unremarkable star called TYC4742-1027-1, it reports on arXiv.org on November 13.

But ‘Oumuamua moved so quickly that the asteroid simply grazed the star on its way here, Portegies Zwart concluded. There’s no reason to think that star was the first the asteroid visited, either, he says.

Two other groups, Fabo Feng and Hugh R. A. Jones of the University of Hertfordshire in England, and a second team led by Eric Gaidos of the University of Hawaii at Manoa, looked at ‘Oumuamua’s speed for clues.

Stars born in the same cluster maintain similar speeds for up to hundreds of millions of years, even after moving apart. That similarity lets astronomers identify families of young stars, called associations, streaming across the galaxy. Any stray asteroids ejected from those stars’ neighborhoods should start out with that same speed.

Both Gaidos and Feng calculated that ‘Oumuamua’s speed is eerily similar to some of those stellar families, although the teams chose different streams. Gaidos and colleagues named the Carina/Columba associations, which are around 40 million years old, as ‘Oumuamua’s likely family of origin, the team reports in the Nov. 8 Research Notes of the AAS. In paper posted at arXiv.org November 27, Feng and Jones chose the Local association, whose stars are around 100 million years old. Both teams agree that ‘Oumuamua is probably young — a fraction of the age of the 4.5-billion-year-old solar system.

There’s one way to test that theory, says Eric Mamajek of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., who posted a paper at arXiv.org on November 20 suggesting ‘Oumuamua was most recently a free-floating object in interstellar space. Just find a way to catch up to the asteroid and bring a piece of it home. Measuring the rock’s radioactive elements would give its age and point to one star stream or the other — or neither.

Unfortunately, catching up is not practical — ‘Oumuamua is now fleeing the solar system at about 50 kilometers per second. But thousands of other interstellar interlopers should be zooming through the solar system all the time, Portegies Zwart calculated. With future telescopes, like the upcoming Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, astronomers expect to see many more.

“When we have five or 10 of these interstellar asteroids, that will tell us a lot,” Mamajek says.

Citations

F. Feng and H. R. A. Jones. ‘Oumuamua as a messenger from the Local Association. arXiv:1711.08800v1. Posted November 27, 2017.

E. Mamajek. Kinematics of the interstellar vagabond 1I/‘Oumuamua (A/2017 U1). arXiv:1710.11364v2. Posted November 20, 2017.

S. Portegies Zwart et al. The origin of interstellar asteroidal objects like 1I/2017 U1. arXiv:1711.03558v1. Posted November 13, 2017.

E. Gaidos, J. Williams and A. Kraus. Origin of interstellar object A/2017 U1 in a nearby young stellar association? Research Notes of the AAS. Published online November 8, 2017. doi: 10.3847/2515-5172/aa9851.

Further Reading

L. Grossman. An interstellar asteroid might have just been spotted for the first time. Science News. Vol. 192, November 25, 2017, p. 14.

C. Crockett. Gaia mission’s Milky Way map pinpoints locations of billion-plus stars. Science News. Vol. 190, October 15, 2016, p. 16.

{ https://www.sciencenews.org/ }

Image via Bigfoot Evidence.

Sightings of the Yeti or Abominable Snowman — a mysterious, ape-like creature said to inhabit the high mountains of Asia — have been reported for centuries. Footprints have been spotted, and stories have been passed down from generation to generation.

Now, a new DNA study of purported Yeti samples from museums and private collections is providing insight into the origins of this Himalayan legend.

The research, published November 29, 2017 in Proceedings of the Royal Society B, analyzed nine alleged Yeti specimens, including bone, tooth, skin, hair and fecal samples collected in the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau.

Of those, one turned out to be from a dog. The other eight were from Asian bears — one from an Asian black bear, one from a Himalayan brown bear, and the other six from Tibetan brown bears.

A hair sample from a purported Yeti in Nepal. The hair was said to have come from a Yeti that a Jesuit priest spotted in the mountains in the region in the 1950s, according to producers for Icon Films’ Yeti or Not TV special, which aired on Animal Planet in 2016. Biologist Charlotte Lindqvist sequenced DNA from the hair for the show, and found that the sample was actually from a Tibetan brown bear.

Image via Icon Films Ltd.

Biologist Charlotte Lindqvist, of University at Buffalo, led the study. She said in a statement:

Our findings strongly suggest that the biological underpinnings of the Yeti legend can be found in local bears, and our study demonstrates that genetics should be able to unravel other, similar mysteries.

Lindqvist’s team is not the first to research Yeti DNA, but past projects ran simpler genetic analyses, which left important questions unresolved, she said.

This study represents the most rigorous analysis to date of samples suspected to derive from anomalous or mythical ‘hominid’-like creatures…

Clearly, a big part of the Yeti legend has to do with bears.

The researchers investigated samples such as a scrap of skin from the hand or paw of an alleged Yeti — part of a monastic relic — and a fragment of femur bone, allegedly from decayed Yeti, found in a cave on the Tibetan Plateau.

The skin sample turned out to be from an Asian black bear, and the bone from a Tibetan brown bear.

A family of Himalayan brown bears, including a female and two cubs, from a camera trap study of wild bears in northern Pakistan.

Image via Norwegian University of Life Sciences and Snow Leopard Foundation

The Yeti samples that Lindqvist examined were provided to her by British production company Icon Films, which featured her in the 2016 Animal Planet special Yeti or Not, which explored the origins of the fabled being.

Bottom line: A new DNA study of purported Yeti samples says that the samples came from bears.

Read more from University at Buffalo

{ http://earthsky.org/ }

More interesting lights in the sky.

{https://www.youtube.com/ }

ISS bacteria is almost the same as in your home, and that’s a good thing

BY TIBI PUIU

Credit: Pixabay.

Microbes living on the surfaces of the International Space Station resemble those found in Earthlings’ homes. This is good news, suggesting the station “is probably no more or less gross than your living room,” according to study author David Coil, who is a microbiologist at the University of California.

“So ‘is it gross?’ and ‘will you see microbes from space?’ are probably the two most common questions we get about this work,” Coil said in a statement. “As to the first, we are completely surrounded by mostly harmless microbes on Earth, and we see a broadly similar microbial community on the ISS. So it is probably no more or less gross than your living room.”

Project MERCCURI swabs retrieved in February 2015.

Credit: Carl Carruthers.

The space bacteria were collected from 15 locations inside the ISS. Because the orbiting lab is completely enclosed and surrounded by inhospitable semi-nothingness, all of these life forms that form a community called the microbiome come from the astronauts and other contaminants that hitched a ride with cargo from Earth.

Swabs collected from the ISS were compared to data from previous, Earth-based experiments. These include the Wild Life of Our Homes project which examines the microbial diversity found within homes and the Human Microbiome Project which surveys bacteria found in the human body.

Researchers working with Project MERCCURI found that most of the identified species of bacteria sourced from the ISS are very similar to those found in homes on Earth. The diversity and density of bacteria were also similar, suggesting that the International Space Station is just as cozy as any Earthling home.

“The microbiome on the surfaces on the ISS looks very much like the surfaces of its inhabitants, which is not surprising, given that they are the primary source,” said Jenna Lang, former postdoctoral scholar at UC Davis and lead author on the study.”We were also pleased to see is that the diversity was fairly high, indicating that it did not look like a ‘sick’ microbial community.”

Besides signaling that the ISS microbiome looks healthy, studies such as these are important because they serve as a yardstick for comparison between buildings on Earth and the ISS enclosures which have a limited influx of microbes.

Scientific reference: PeerJ (2017). DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4029

{ https://www.zmescience.com/ }

8 uur en 58 minuten lang was deze regenboog te zien, een record - HLN.be

Gerben van 't Hof 

Bron: AD.nl

Medewerkers en studenten van de Chinese Culture University keken op 30 november met open mond naar het kleurenspektakel boven de aangrenzende vallei. Ze aarzelden geen moment en maakten zoveel mogelijk foto’s. Het leverde 36.000 beelden op die allemaal achter elkaar zijn gezet. Het filmje toont de regenboog van 06.57 uur tot 15.55 uur of liefst 8 uur en 58 minuten.

Lees ook

Zie de supermaan schijnt door de wolken: de mooiste foto’s

“De lucht gaf ons een cadeautje. Dit is zo zeldzaam”, zegt de meteoroloog die van het spektakel getuige was. “Het was fantastisch. Ik wist dat deze regenboog alle records zou breken. Ik was zo opgewonden dat ik nauwelijks zin had om te lunchen.”

Op 14 maart 1994 was in de Engelse regio Yorkshire een regenboog zes uur onafgebroken zichtbaar, toen een record dat het Guinness Book of Records haalde.

De omstandigheden in Taiwan waren ideaal voor een nieuw record: regenseizoen, de lucht verzadigd met vocht, nauwelijks wind, buien die bleven hangen in de valleien terwijl de zon over de bergkammen scheen.

Geen begin of einde

Regenbogen zijn alleen te zien vanaf een bepaald standpunt, zegt Michiel Severin, meteoroloog bij Weerplaza nog. ”Ze hebben geen begin en geen einde, maar bewegen mee met de bui. Als je een regenboog langer wilt zien, zul je in de auto moeten springen en met de bui moeten meerijden.”

Het is niet mogelijk erachter te komen hoe vaak er een regenboog is te zien, zegt Severin nog aan onze Nederlandse collega’s. “Er bestaat niet zoiets als een regenboogradar. Wat we wel zeker weten, is dat een regenboog altijd uit twee regenbogen bestaat, een heldere en een zwakkere. Dat komt doordat het licht onder twee verschillende hoeken breekt.”

RV De recordregenboog bij de Chinese Culture University in Taiwan.

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

Mystery triangle-shaped UFO spotted flying above Russia is the 'best evidence' for aliens ever recorded, conspiracy theorists claim

• A video shows the object flying through the sky with three flashing lights
• Conspiracy theorists say it is flying at a speed that is too slow to be a plane
• But some have suggested that the mysterious object is likely to be a drone 

By Shivali Best For Mailonline

Conspiracy theorists claim to have spotted a 'black triangle' UFO flying over Russia this week.

They claim it is the 'best evidence' for extra-terrestrials ever recorded.

A video shows the mysterious object flying through the night sky at a speed that conspiracy theorists claim is too slow to be an airplane.

But not everyone is convinced that the object is a UFO, and some suggest it is likely to simply be a drone.

Scroll down for video 

Conspiracy theorists claim to have spotted a 'black triangle' UFO flying over Russia this week. A video shows the mysterious object flying through the night sky at a speed that conspiracy theorists claim is too slow to be an airplane

The video, titled 'A TR-3B type UFO was filmed in Russia - Best evidence ever' was posted on YouTube by UFO Today, a Belgium-based channel that regularly posts videos of alleged sightings.

It shows an object flying through the night sky, with three lights in a triangular configuration flickering on and off, that UFO Today suggests is a TR-3B UFO.

In the video description, UFO Today wrote: 'The object is moving at a very slow pace, too slow to be a classic airplane.

'The speed at which this object was moving is physically impossible for any airplane build by mankind.'

The conspiracy theorists claim that the sighting may be a black triangle UFO – a class of UFO with a distinctive triangular layout.

The video was posted on YouTube by UFO Today, a Belgium-based channel that regularly posts videos of alleged sightings. It shows an object flying through the night sky, with three lights in a triangular configuration flickering on and off

UFO Today said: 'Reports generally describe this class of UFOs as large, silent, black triangular objects hovering or slowly cruising at low altitudes over cities and highways.

'Sightings usually take place at night. These objects are often described as having pulsing coloured lights that appear at each corner of the triangle.'

But while UFO Today believes that it is a UFO, not everyone is so convinced.

In the video description, UFO Today wrote: 'The object is moving at a very slow pace, too slow to be classic airplane. The speed at which this object was moving is physically impossible for any airplane build by mankind'

UFO Today said: 'Reports generally describe this class of UFOs as large, silent, black triangular objects hovering or slowly cruising at low altitudes over cities and highways'

Nigel Watson, author of the UFO Investigations Manual, told MailOnline: 'At night it is hard to gauge the distance and size of an object or lights, which in turn makes it difficult to judge their speed.

'As this seems to be flying slower than an aircraft I'd say it is a drone with lights on it.

'Drones can hover and move slowly, with little noise.

'So I don't regard this video as evidence for ETs visiting us.' 

Black triangles are a class of UFOs that are generally described as large, silent, black triangular objects hovering or slowly cruising at low altitudes over cities and highways (artist's impression pictured)

Read more:

• A TR-3B type UFO was filmed in Russia - Best evidence ever - Analysis - YouTube

{ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

If it looks like a flying saucer and it’s in a photograph, does it matter that the owners of the picture don’t remember seeing it? This is an age-old dilemma in the ufology world and it’s playing out again in Slovakia, where a father and son are claiming that the strange thing in a nature photo they took on a recent trip is none other than a flying saucer. Is it of alien origin, a hoax or something else? Will it help business at the UFO restaurant in Bratislava? Have you tried the smoked teeth? Wait, what?

First things first. The photograph and story first appeared on December 4th on the Topky.sk news portal (photos and original Slovak report here) in Bratislava. The father, identified only by his first name – Miroslav, was said to be in Banská Štiavnica, a town in central Slovakia located in the middle of the caldera of an ancient volcano now called the Štiavnica Mountains. That may be significant in identifying the object since the area has been mined for metals, especially silver, ever since it was founded by Celts in the 3rd century BCE.

It was shortly after the father and son left Banská Štiavnica that they took the mysterious photo.

“It was beautiful weather, we went to Banská Štiavnica, the photo was created for the rides between Píla and Horné Hamre in the direction of ´arnovice.”

Upon returning home, they were viewing their photographs when they spotted the UFO over the Kľakovská valley, a beautiful and historic location in central Slovakia. Unable to identify it, they “turned to an expert” — Miroslav Karlik, who is introduced as the head of a UFO club in Trnava in western Slovakia, northeast of Bratislava. He is quoted as saying:

“The photo is definitely right, it has not been electronically modified, it is about 12 meters long and about three meters wide, an unidentifiable flying object. “

Well, that settles it … not. The 40-by-10-foot object has nothing to distinguish it as something other than a thrown pie pan, which is the general consensus of commenters on many websites, despite the analysis of the UFO expert. One suggested it looked more like the roof of a house hidden in the trees, which is definite possibility since there’s only one photograph of the UFO, making it difficult to determine if it was moving or if the blur was from the moving car.

If it IS an alien spacecraft, it could be looking for silver for fuel or parts, which is often the explanation for the frequency of UFOs seen around silver mines in South America. Or it might be checking on the Bohunice Nuclear Power Plant or the Mochovce Nuclear Power Plant, which Bratislava sits approximately in-between.

Could it be a publicity stunt for the UFO restaurant in Bratislava? This popular Slovak and nouveau cuisine establishment shaped like a UFO-on-a-stick probably doesn’t need any help, although Google’s translation of one dish on the Slovak menu comes out as “smooth smoked teeth,” not smoked fish. Is this scaring tourists away and forcing a UFO ad campaign for UFO?

While it seems like the area could be attractive for ET visitors, ‘flying pie pan’ is leading in the polls.

UFO SIGHTING OVER SLOVAK.

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

Archaeologists excavating a series of sand dunes on the California coast made the discovery of a lifetime – well, almost. It’s certainly one that will make for great conversation starters at those post-conference wine receptions. You know, the ones with the terrible cheese and cracker trays and all the preening academics all trying to be the smartest one in the room. When combing through the deep sands of the Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes, the archaeologists came across an intact sphinx head measuring 5.5 feet by 3 feet by 8 feet (1.6m by 1m by 2.4m) and weighing around 300 pounds (136 kilogram). While the discovery of a sphinx in California would normally be cause for the re-writing of many history books, unfortunately the story of this sphinx has less to do with an unknown chapter of North American history and more to do with California’s cinematic legacy.

The terra cotta sphinx still has intact paint. 

(Credit: Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes Center)

It turns out the sphinx head is actually a set piece left over from the set of the 1923 epic silent film The Ten Commandmentsdirected by Cecil B. DeMille, one of the “founding fathers” of American cinema. The Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes Center says DeMille built the largest movie set ever constructed in the middle of the California desert for The Ten Commandmentsthen had it torn down and purposefully buried among the desolate sand dunes so that future filmmakers couldn’t use it. DeMille’s posthumous autobiography contained a few clues which led archaeologists to this “City of the Pharaohs.”

The sphinx might not be ancient, but it’s still an important snapshot of a unique period of history. 

(Credit: Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes Center)

Still, the find is remarkable in its own right. According to archaeologist Doug Jenzen, executive director of the Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes Center who led the excavation, the find was incredible. “The piece is unlike anything found on previous digs,” Jenzen said in a press release, “The majority of it is preserved by sand with the original paint still intact.” The Dunes Center plans to display the piece alongside other artifacts from DeMille’s productions, including prohibition-era liquor bottles and tobacco tins.

Another piece of the Ten Commandments set.

(Credit: Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes Center)

I love stories like these; they really make you wonder what future civilizations will think of all the stuff of ours they find lying around – that is, if we leave anything but a wasteland of radioactive glass behind.  Think about all the replica architecture being built in China, or all of the weirdness found at theme parks. Will future archaeologists be able to deduce what they were? Think just how wrong they might get it when excavating the ruins of, say, The Wizarding World of Harry Potter at Universal Studios. Will they think an ancient race of wizards lived in Orlando, Florida? Now, just consider how much of our historical knowledge we likewise base on deductions made of stuff we find in the ground. Who knows how far off we could be?

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

Linda Moulton Howe: NASA’s interest in the 7000-year-old Petroglyphs discovered in Northern Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan is the ninth largest country in the world, larger than Western Europe, and extends from the Caspian Sea on the west to Mongolia on the east; from Russia in the north to Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and China in the south.

Kazakhstan was the second largest republic in Russia until the 1991 collapse of the U.S.S.R. Kazakhstan has been inhabited for a long time and it is thought those people were the first humans to domesticate and ride horses.

In fact, the name, Kazakhstan, is from an ancient Turkic word that meant “independent, a free spirit.”

Now in 2015, NASA has taken interest in photographing from the International Space Station unusual and very large geoglyphs discovered in the southern Kostanay region and Turgay steppes of northern Kazakhstan.

More and more of the unique and mysterious geoglyphs keep being discovered and the number is now over 200. Their ages are between 3,000 and 7000 years or older and they can only be viewed from high in the air.

In the eleven-minute interview Linda Moulton Howe talks about the amazing discovery and NASA’s interest in these ancient petroglyphs.

 

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

If a signal gets picked up by a meteor detector but it’s not a meteor, what could it be? One simple (and probably too logical) way to find out is to look out the window. However, what if there’s nothing to see but the signal is still there? Any video available? Nope. Any eyewitnesses with better viewpoints? Nope. That’s the situation we have right now in Washington DC (don’t worry — the government isn’t involved … yet) where a meteor monitor known as livemeteors.com is located and has posted a mysterious signal it picked up on December 2nd that has generated much speculation but no definitive answer. (The signal can be be heard at the site and here).

There seems to be little information on livemeteors.com. According to its website, it uses a VHS receiver connected to a TV antenna pointed at a TV tower in Canada, possibly in Timmons, Ontario. That describes a typical hobbyist system for listening to and recording meteor echoes. According to meteorscan.com, meteors burning up in the atmosphere leave an ionization trail which reflects radio waves. The reflected waves shift in frequency according to the speed of the meteor and those shifts can be translated into an audio ping and displayed on 3D graphics.

That’s what livemeteors.com picked up and recorded for two minutes … except for the part about the meteor. No meteors were seen and none were picked up by other trackers like the American Meteor Society. So what caused this mysterious signal?

OK, it’s too early to be yelling “Aliens!” One suggestion is that the signal was caused by a strange phenomena known as Sporadic E. This is an infrequent (hence the name) form of radio wave behavior caused by small clouds of ionized gas in the lower atmosphere that can cause VHF signals to bounce farther than normal. These are more common around the summer solstice but can happen even more sporadically around the winter solstice. However, that’s still three weeks away. And no, the Supermoon had nothing to do with it either.

“Aliens!” Not yet. The anomaly could have been caused by space weather, but there were no major electromagnetic disturbances at the time. It turns out that an airplane could cause the false signal as well, but no one saw a plane in the right location at the right time.

Since only one tracking site reported the signal, it could be a glitch in their equipment. Since it hasn’t happened before, that’s worth watching (anyone can watch the feed at livemeteors.com).

OK, all together now: “Aliens!” While commenters at some sites have pointed out that this type of amateur meteor tracking system can actually pick up the signal of a stealth aircraft, the fact that no one else heard it kind of knocks that one out of the sky … even if you can’t see it.

The money right now is on Sporadic E, which would also be a great nickname for a heavy metal drummer with an occasional drug problem

{  http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

Do college students need an excuse to stare out of a window for nine hours? Usually not, but many attending the Chinese Culture University in Taipei had a good reason to gaze into space for nearly nine hours last week and see aq world record set in the process. No, it wasn’t the record for nonstop daydreaming but for the world’s longest-lasting rainbow.

Classes stopped for eight hours and 58 minutes on November 30th as the sun rose over the misty sky on the Yangmingshan mountain range where the school is located and the rainbow appeared at 6:57 a.m. If you’re wondering what college students are actually awake at 6:57 a.m., the start of the rainbow was witnessed by Professors Chou Kun-hsuan and Liu Ching-huang of the school’s Department of Atmospheric Science. These guys are actual rainbow experts who get paid to track and record their behavior (nice work if you can get it, although the pay is far less that the proverbial rainbow-related pot of gold) and, according to the Taiwan News (photographs of the rainbow here), had been spending the week watching for rainbows in order to prove their theory that they descend in the sky seven degrees every 30 minutes.

A double rainbow

Three days earlier, on November 27th, they had witnessed a six hour rainbow and they knew the conditions were right for more because a monsoon from the northeast was trapping slow-moving moist air that only partially covered the sky, leaving the rest open for rainbows. On the 30th, they actually saw four rainbows but only one had record staying power.

Students at the Chinese Culture University must have needed a break because, once they heard about the possible record, they came out in full force to watch the rainbow, check the clock and take pictures. It’s estimated that students in the Department of Atmospheric Science alone took 10,000 pictures (sounds like these kids need to pull their noses out of their books and get out more).

If the students needed more motivation to stare into space for hours, that came when someone found out that the world record for the longest-lasting rainbow was set in Yorkshire, England, on March 14, 1994, when one stayed visible for six hours. That time was surpassed during the noon hour, killing the lunchtime traffic in the cafeteria, but the students went hungry until 3:55 pm when the record-breaking bow finally bowed out. Being typical college students, they probably stuck around for a few more minutes recording themselves shouting “C-C-U! C-C-U!” to send to their counterparts at the University of York.

Will the world rainbow record help CCU in recruiting? Probably not. However, Professor Chou hopes it will help tourism in Taipei. He sounds like someone planning to sell a lot of t-shirts and mugs with his rainbow pictures on them.

{  http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

Humanity would welcome the discovery of ET despite fears of an alien invasion, predict psychologists

• Psychologists believe we would be positive about finding out aliens were real
• Scientists looked at responses to five 'alien' announcements in the last 50 years  
• Nasa believes there are dozens of worlds that could harbour alien life
• The space agency believes alien life will be found in the next few decades 

By Phoebe Weston For Mailonline

From ET to Spock, we've always toyed with the idea of extra-terrestrial life -  but how would humans react if it actually turned out to be true?

Psychologists believe we would be positive about finding out we were not alone, according to a study that looked at people's responses to five key 'alien' announcements since 1967 - and they appeared to be largely positive. 

This is despite warnings from scientists such as Stephen Hawking who say we should 'be wary' about answering alien signals.

Scroll down for video

Research released last week found there are dozens of likely worlds - including Pluto (pictured) and its moons - that could harbour alien life. Researchers at Arizona State University are trying to anticipate how humans would react if a discovery such as this came back positive

Michael Varnum, a psychologist at Arizona State University is trying to anticipate how humans would react if a discovery like this came back positive.

'One of the initial questions [of the initiative] that we're curious about is how might we respond if we discover evidence of extraterrestrial life', he told Washington Post.

Published online on a preprint server, the paper looks at the psychological reactions to extraterrestrial life in a 'systematic, careful way'.

In the first experiment Dr Varnum and his colleagues looked at five key events; the discovery of pulsars in 1967; the detection of the 'Wow!' radio signal in 1977; the announcement of fossilised microbes on a Martian meteorite in 1996; the behaviour of Tabby's Star in 2005 and the discovery of exoplanets within the Goldilocks zone in 2015.

In astronomy and astrobiology, the habitable zone is the range of orbits around a star in which a planet can support liquid water.

Since the concept was first presented in 1953, many stars have been shown to have a Goldilocks area, and some of them have one or several planets in this zone, like 'Kepler-186f', discovered in 2014.

Psychologists looked at fifteen articles using a program that scans for positive or negative words. 

British astronomer Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell was the first person to discover a pulsar in 1967 when she spotted a radio pulsar (artist's impression) which was thought could be alien lif

'The reaction seemed to be much more positive than negative,' found Dr Varnum.

Researchers also got 500 people to describe how they would feel if aliens were discovered and how they thought people more generally would react.

Participants said they themselves would feel positive but felt most people would not be so excited about the discovery.

The 72-second blast, spotted by Dr Jerry Ehman through a radio telescope, came from Sagittarius but matched no known celestial object.

Conspiracy theorists have since claimed that the 'Wow! signal', which was 30 times stronger than background radiation, was a message from intelligent extraterrestrials.

Fossilised martian microbes

In 1996 Nasa and the White House made the explosive announcement that the rock contained traces of Martian bugs.

The meteorite, catalogued as Allen Hills (ALH) 84001, crashed onto the frozen wastes of Antarctica 13,000 years ago and was recovered in 1984. 

Photographs were released showing elongated segmented objects that appeared strikingly lifelike.

SIGNS OF ALIEN LIFE? 

Discovery of pulsars

British astronomer Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell was the first person to discover a pulsar in 1967 when she spotted a radio pulsar.

Since then other types of pulsars that emit x-rays and gamma rays have also been spotted.

Pulsars are essentially rotating, highly magnatised neutron stars but when they were first discovered it was believed they could come from aliens.

'Wow!' radio signal

In 1977, an astronomer looking for alien life in the nigh sky above Ohio spotted a powerful radio signal so strong that he excitedly wrote 'Wow!' next to his data.

Photographs were released showing elongated segmented objects that appeared strikingly lifelike (pictured)

However, the excitement did not last long. Other scientists questioned whether the meteorite samples were contaminated. 

They also argued that heat generated when the rock was blasted into space may have created mineral structures that could be mistaken for microfossils. 

Behaviour of Tabby's Star in 2005 

The star, otherwise known as KIC 8462852, is located 1,400 light years away and has baffled astonomers since being discovered in 2015.

It dims at a much faster rate than other stars, which some experts have suggested is a sign of aliens harnessing the energy of a star.

The star, otherwise known as KIC 8462852, is located 1,400 light years away and has baffled astonomers since being discovered in 2015 (artist's impression)

Recent studies have 'eliminated the possibility of an alien megastructure', and instead, suggests that a ring of dust could be causing the strange signals.

Exoplanets in the Goldilocks zone in 2015 

In February this year astronomers announced they had spotted a star system with planets that could support life just 39 light years away.

Seven Earth-like planets were discovered orbiting nearby dwarf star 'Trappist-1', and all of them could have water at their surface, one of the key components of life.

Three of the planets have such good conditions, that scientists say life may have already evolved on them. 

Researchers claim that they will know whether or not there is life on any of the planets within a decade, and said 'this is just the beginning.' 

This could be because 'most Americans tend to think, on any desirable trait or ability, that they're better than the average person,' Dr Varnum said.

In the third part of the experiment researchers presented a 1996 article reporting bacteria on a Martian meteorite.

The consensus is now that they were just mineral deposits but those participating in the experiment were left to believe they were forms of life.

They still described their reactions positively, leading Gordon Pennycook, a Yale University psychologist who was not involved in the experiment to say he was 'pretty confident' humans would be pleased if aliens were discovered.

Dr Varnum warned these results were based on American publications and it is possible the rest of the world would respond differently.

Physicist Stephen Hawking has previously warned we we should 'be wary' about answering alien signals, and suggests an advanced civilization could attempt to colonise Earth.

Hawking said if we were to really meet an advanced civilisation, it could be similar to when the Native Americans first encountered Christopher Columbus – and ‘that didn't turn out so well’.

Seven Earth-like planets were discovered orbiting nearby dwarf star 'Trappist-1', and all of them could have water at their surface, one of the key components of life (artist's impression)

Last month Nasa scientists claimed alien life could be found within the next few decades.

Experts say the search is heavily guided by characteristics of our own planet, helping scientists to weed out inhospitable worlds from those that may have promise for life, such as the icy moons Enceladus and Europa.

Nasa scientists are looking for environments that contain both oxygen and methane.

When these two gases are found in the same atmosphere, 'you've got something special,' the space agency says.

'There are ways to build up oxygen and methane in a planetary atmosphere, but the only way you could have both in the same atmosphere at the same time is if you produce them both super rapidly,' said Shawn Domagal-Goldman, of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.

{ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

Oxford Study Says Alien Life Would Evolve and Adapt Just Like Life on Earth

By Peter Rejcek

The alternative universe known as science fiction has given our culture a menagerie of alien species. From overstuffed teddy bears like Ewoks and Wookies to terrifying nightmares such as Alien and Predator, our collective imagination of what form alien life from another world may take has been irrevocably imprinted by Hollywood.

It might all be possible, or all these bug-eyed critters might turn out to be just B-movie versions of how real extraterrestrials will appear if and when they finally make the evening news.

One thing for certain is that aliens from another world will be shaped by the same evolutionary forces as here on Earth—natural selection. That’s the conclusion of a team of scientists from the University of Oxford in a studypublished this month in the International Journal of Astrobiology.

A complex alien that comprises a hierarchy of entities, where each lower level collection of entities has aligned evolutionary interests.
Image Credit: Helen S. Cooper/University of Oxford.

The researchers suggest that evolutionary theory—famously put forth by Charles Darwin in his seminal book On the Origin of Species 158 years ago this month—can be used to make some predictions about alien species. In particular, the team argues that extraterrestrials will undergo natural selection, because that is the only process by which organisms can adapt to their environment.

“Adaptation is what defines life,” lead author Samuel Levin tells Singularity Hub.

While it’s likely that NASA or some SpaceX-like private venture will eventually kick over a few space rocks and discover microbial life in the not-too-distant future, the sorts of aliens Levin and his colleagues are interested in describing are more complex. That’s because natural selection is at work.

A quick evolutionary theory 101 refresher: Natural selection is the process by which certain traits are favored over others in a given population. For example, take a group of brown and green beetles. It just so happens that birds prefer foraging on green beetles, allowing more brown beetles to survive and reproduce than the more delectable green ones. Eventually, if these population pressures persist, brown beetles will become the dominant type. Brown wins, green loses.

And just as human beings are the result of millions of years of adaptations—eyes and thumbs, for example—aliens will similarly be constructed from parts that were once free living but through time came together to work as one organism.

“Life has so many intricate parts, so much complexity, for that to happen (randomly),” Levin explains. “It’s too complex and too many things working together in a purposeful way for that to happen by chance, as how certain molecules come about. Instead you need a process for making it, and natural selection is that process.”

Just don’t expect ET to show up as a bipedal humanoid with a large head and almond-shaped eyes, Levin says.

“They can be built from entirely different chemicals and so visually, superficially, unfamiliar,” he explains. “They will have passed through the same evolutionary history as us. To me, that’s way cooler and more exciting than them having two legs.”

Need for Data

Seth Shostak, a lead astronomer at the SETI Institute and host of the organization’s Big Picture Science radio show, wrote that while the argument is interesting, it doesn’t answer the question of ET’s appearance.

Shostak argues that a more productive approach would invoke convergent evolution, where similar environments lead to similar adaptations, at least assuming a range of Earth-like conditions such as liquid oceans and thick atmospheres. For example, an alien species that evolved in a liquid environment would evolve a streamlined body to move through water.

“Happenstance and the specifics of the environment will produce variations on an alien species’ planet as it has on ours, and there’s really no way to predict these,” Shostak concludes. “Alas, an accurate cosmic bestiary cannot be written by the invocation of biological mechanisms alone. We need data. That requires more than simply thinking about alien life. We need to actually discover it.”

Search Is On

The search is on. On one hand, the task seems easy enough: There are at least 100 billion planets in the Milky Way alone, and at least 20 percent of those are likely to be capable of producing a biosphere. Even if the evolution of life is exceedingly rare—take a conservative estimate of .001 percent or 200,000 planets, as proposed by the Oxford paper—you have to like the odds.

Of course, it’s not that easy by a billion light years.

Planet hunters can’t even agree on what signatures of life they should focus on. The idea is that where there’s smoke there’s fire. In the case of an alien world home to biological life, astrobiologists are searching for the presence of “biosignature gases,” vapors that could only be produced by alien life.

As Quanta Magazine reported, scientists do this by measuring a planet’s atmosphere against starlight. Gases in the atmosphere absorb certain frequencies of starlight, offering a clue as to what is brewing around a particular planet.

The presence of oxygen would seem to be a biological no-brainer, but there are instances where a planet can produce a false positive, meaning non-biological processes are responsible for the exoplanet’s oxygen. Scientists like Sara Seager, an astrophysicist at MIT, have argued there are plenty of examples of other types of gases produced by organisms right here on Earth that could also produce the smoking gun, er, planet.

Life as We Know It

Indeed, the existence of Earth-bound extremophiles—organisms that defy conventional wisdom about where life can exist, such as in the vacuum of space—offer another clue as to what kind of aliens we might eventually meet.

Lynn Rothschild, an astrobiologist and synthetic biologist in the Earth Science Division at NASA’s Ames Research Center in Silicon Valley, takes extremophiles as a baseline and then supersizes them through synthetic biology.

For example, say a bacteria is capable of surviving at 120 degrees Celsius. Rothschild’s lab might tweak an organism’s DNA to see if it could metabolize at 150 degrees. The idea, as she explains, is to expand the envelope for life without ever getting into a rocket ship.

While researchers may not always agree on the “where” and “how” and “what” of the search for extraterrestrial life, most do share one belief: Alien life must be out there.

“It would shock me if there weren’t [extraterrestrials],” Levin says. “There are few things that would shock me more than to find out there aren’t any aliens…If I had to bet on it, I would bet on the side of there being lots and lots of aliens out there.”

Image Credit: NASA

{https://singularityhub.com/ }

{ http://www.kansascity.com/ }

Mystery triangle-shaped UFO spotted flying above Russia is the 'best evidence' for aliens ever recorded, conspiracy theorists claim

• A video shows the object flying through the sky with three flashing lights
• Conspiracy theorists say it is flying at a speed that is too slow to be a plane
• But some have suggested that the mysterious object is likely to be a drone 

By Shivali Best For Mailonline

Conspiracy theorists claim to have spotted a 'black triangle' UFO flying over Russia this week.

They claim it is the 'best evidence' for extra-terrestrials ever recorded.

A video shows the mysterious object flying through the night sky at a speed that conspiracy theorists claim is too slow to be an airplane.

But not everyone is convinced that the object is a UFO, and some suggest it is likely to simply be a drone.

Scroll down for video 

Conspiracy theorists claim to have spotted a 'black triangle' UFO flying over Russia this week. A video shows the mysterious object flying through the night sky at a speed that conspiracy theorists claim is too slow to be an airplane

The video, titled 'A TR-3B type UFO was filmed in Russia - Best evidence ever' was posted on YouTube by UFO Today, a Belgium-based channel that regularly posts videos of alleged sightings.

It shows an object flying through the night sky, with three lights in a triangular configuration flickering on and off, that UFO Today suggests is a TR-3B UFO.

In the video description, UFO Today wrote: 'The object is moving at a very slow pace, too slow to be a classic airplane.

'The speed at which this object was moving is physically impossible for any airplane build by mankind.'

The conspiracy theorists claim that the sighting may be a black triangle UFO – a class of UFO with a distinctive triangular layout.

The video was posted on YouTube by UFO Today, a Belgium-based channel that regularly posts videos of alleged sightings. It shows an object flying through the night sky, with three lights in a triangular configuration flickering on and off

UFO Today said: 'Reports generally describe this class of UFOs as large, silent, black triangular objects hovering or slowly cruising at low altitudes over cities and highways.

'Sightings usually take place at night. These objects are often described as having pulsing coloured lights that appear at each corner of the triangle.'

But while UFO Today believes that it is a UFO, not everyone is so convinced.

In the video description, UFO Today wrote: 'The object is moving at a very slow pace, too slow to be classic airplane. The speed at which this object was moving is physically impossible for any airplane build by mankind'

UFO Today said: 'Reports generally describe this class of UFOs as large, silent, black triangular objects hovering or slowly cruising at low altitudes over cities and highways'

Nigel Watson, author of the UFO Investigations Manual, told MailOnline: 'At night it is hard to gauge the distance and size of an object or lights, which in turn makes it difficult to judge their speed.

'As this seems to be flying slower than an aircraft I'd say it is a drone with lights on it.

'Drones can hover and move slowly, with little noise.

'So I don't regard this video as evidence for ETs visiting us.' 

Black triangles are a class of UFOs that are generally described as large, silent, black triangular objects hovering or slowly cruising at low altitudes over cities and highways (artist's impression pictured)

LINKS BETWEEN CONSPIRACY, NARCISSISM AND SELF-ESTEEM 

Over the course of three online-based studies, researchers at the University of Kent showed strong links between the belief in conspiracy theories and these psychological traits.

The results showed that those people who rated highly on the narcissism scale and who had low self-esteem were more likely to be conspiracy believers.

However, while low self-esteem, narcissism and belief in conspiracies are strongly linked, it is not clear that one - or a combination - causes the other.

But it hints at an interesting new angle to the world of conspiracy and those who reinforce belief. 

Bristol man captures 'UFO with three lights' hovering over street

Read more:

• A TR-3B type UFO was filmed in Russia - Best evidence ever - Analysis - YouTube

{ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

{ http://nationalufocenter.com/ }

Filer Files #49 – 2017 UFO Crash 1941 - PART II

STUNNINGLY COMPLEX NEW CROP CIRCLE APPEARS IN CLEY HILL, WARMINSTER JULY 18, 2017

IT’S HUGE, ANCIENT, AND LURKS ON THE BOTTOM OF THE SEA OF GALILEE

Scientists are baffled after the discovery of something huge and ancient that is lying on the bed of the Sea of Galilee and it is not a natural formation. Archaeologists from Israel conducted a survey of the seabed in 2003 and found a huge rock monument lying on the seabed.

STRANGE ROCK FORMATION IS MADE UP OF THOUSANDS OF STONES  

When they took a closer look at the strange, mysterious shape, they found that the monument was made up of many thousands of stones that had been arranged meticulously in a pyramid that was said to measure up to 230 feet in diameter, stood 39 feet tall and weighed in at 60,000 tons. This meant that the strange formation was around twice the size of Stonehenge and about six times heavier than the Eiffel Tower.  

The structure, which is said to be circular, was first discovered in 2003 by researchers when they conducted a sonar survey of the Sea of Galilee. Scientists have struggled to narrow down a civilization that could have built the formation as they have said that it is between 2,000 and 12,000 years old. In other words, the scientists know very little about the underwater structure.  

IT IS THOUGHT THAT ROCK FORMATION WAS BUILT DRY LAND BEFORE FLOODS

The only thing that scientists believe they do know is that the huge pile of rocks had been built on dry land and then the region was flooded. Scuba divers have been down to the structure to get a better look at it, and they found that it is constructed of basalt boulders which are about 3.2 feet in length. The rocks were said to have been piled up, and they form what seems to be a cairn.  

Scientists do not know why the huge rock formation was made, but it has been said that it could have been a nursery for fish. There is another theory that the structure is related to European ancient burial sites, while it has also been suggested that perhaps it is a Reverse Atlantis, which will one day rise from under the sea and bring catastrophe with it.

The mysterious huge rock formation was located about 1600 feet from the southwest coast of the Sea of Galilee where many other prehistoric sites have been found close-by. One of these is Bet Yerah, the ancient city which was said to have been in existence over 4,000 years ago.  

RELATED ARTICLES

• Ghost of child leaves hospital staff terrified as it lurks behind a bed
• A Hidden Ecosystem Lurks Six Miles Below The Mariana Trench

{ http://www.disclose.tv/ }

A FULL-SIZED BEATING HUMAN HEART GREW FROM STEM CELLS FOR THE FIRST TIME

The use of stem cells has been controversial since its inception. Typically this is related to embryonic stem cells for religious reasons: pro-life groups protested in California according to CNS, because its protesters opposed the "abortion holocaust" that has been going on in the U.S. (http://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/pro-life-groups-protest-embryonic-stem-cell-research). Other religious groups simply feel that this is an act of scientists playing God. And they might be onto something; scientists might be able to soon create life with stem cells, if a recent breakthrough is any indication of the future. For the first time ever, scientists have been able to create a beating human heart from stem cells.  

SCIENTISTS MAY SOON BE ABLE TO GROW HEARTS FOR TRANSPLANTS

RELATED ARTICLES

• 3D-printed: 'Electronic glove' device keeps your heart beating for ever
• Scientists Successfully Grew Brain Cells on a Chip

This technology serves a purpose. Up until now, almost half of the 4,000 on the waiting list for heart transplants are going without every year. Considering the absolute necessity of a heart, within five years more than 7,000 people could die while waiting. Unfortunately even if a heart is received it's not a guarantee for survival. If the transplanted organ is rejected, it could lead to death outright or require the patient to need another heart transplant within a few years due to complications. In the best case scenario, they could have to take medicine daily to make sure the tissue isn't rejected

While it would be optimal to create a new heart out a person's own tissue to ensure that it wouldn't be rejected, the construction of the heart is so specialized that it would be near-impossible to create. This leaves those in need of a heart in a desperate situation of hoping not only that they'll receive one but, if they do, that it won't kill them.  

This has led scientists on a hunt for other viable options. One of the possible solutions that Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School have come up with is to just make a new heart in a lab. They can't yet do this from scratch, however, and so used 73 donor hearts that were unfit for transplantation as a base. By using a detergent, they washed the hearts and cleaned off the cells that would make the organ be rejected if transplanted, so that there was a fresh start to work from.

At the same time they prepared human skin cells by turning them into stem cells by using messenger RNA to trick them into changing. These stem cells are pluriponent, meaning they could become specialized to any human cell with a push in the right direction. Scientists encouraged them to become two different types of cardiac cells. For two weeks the cells were put in conditions like a heart growing in the human body. And after only two weeks, the constructed hearts looked exactly like immature hearts that are grown inside the human body. It was found they acted like them, too; when given a surge of electricity, they began to beat.

This makes researchers a step closer to actually building a human heart. But researchers still have some kinks to work through. Even though it only took two weeks to get to this point, scientists would like to be able to shave that time down even further. For people waiting for a heart, a matter of days or even hours could make a huge difference. Beyond that, researchers want to be able to grow a larger number of stem cells, as tens of billions are needed for a single heart.

This is a great solution. There are some possible negative consequences that I can see further down the line, however, in particular for those squeamish about scientists actually creating people. With this technology, I could see an entire person being grown in a lab several decades, or perhaps centuries down the line. This could be something that scares both people on a religious and on simply a moral level.

Personally my favorite alternative is the idea of a pig heart being transplanted into a human body. I've been watching this take shape for years, and have been very interested in the possibilities. There's been great progress made recently, as reported by outlets like Nature World News (http://www.natureworldnews.com/articles/20659/20160411/baboons-with-pig-heart-transplants-can-now-survive-for-2-years-are-humans-next.htm) wherein a baboon which has had a pig heart transplant has lived for more than two years. To my knowledge the hearts are cleaned and prepared in the detergent solution similarly to the base for the stem cells, but there would be a much larger supply to be used. I think both the possibility of animal-human transplants and the use of stem cells to create entirely new organs should be pursued.

RELATED ARTICLES

• Scientists Shocked As Worm Grew 'TWO Heads' While In Space!
• Bromley Batman: Masked Vigilante beating up muggers and thugs in UK  

{ http://www.disclose.tv/ }

JUPITER SIZED OBJECT SEEMS TO HAVE COLLIDED WITH THE SUN

A mysterious huge UFO has been seen skidding off the moon’s surface.

The huge UFO was captured by the Solar Observatory spacecraft and many researchers have been left speechless wondering what it is.

THE SUN SEEMS TO HAVE REACTION TO OBJECT HITTING IT  

The huge UFO takes on the appearance of three semi-transparent rings and it seems to be around the same size as the Jupiter, the biggest planet in the solar system. The images captured reveals the strange object crashing into the surface of the sun and it then ricochets and continues on its way away from the sun. According to the researchers what is strange about it is the reaction the sun has just moments after it has made an impact as the sun seems to glow brighter in reaction to the object hitting it.

The images were taken by the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory spacecraft. The spacecraft is run by the European Space Agency and NASA jointly and it seems that the huge object was hovering very close to the surface

THIS IS NOT THE FIRST TIME UFO HAS BEEN SEEN NEAR SUN

RELATED ARTICLES

• SHOCKING! Recent Images Reveal MONSTER Sized UFOs Draining The Sun!
• Astronomers Discovered An Unknown High Metallic Object More Massive Than Jupiter!

The appearance of this object is not the first time that a UFO has been said to have been seen close to the sun. On many occasions, NASA has dismissed strange anomalies and said that they are nothing more than just specks of dust or lens flare on the camera lens. What was different this time around is that the UFO does seem to create some type of energy in the sun when it comes close to it.  

Occasionally NASA has said that they do not have any idea as to what the strange objects are. In 2012 another big UFO was seemingly draining energy away from the sun and as yet it has not been debunked.

There are some who think that the bizarre UFO may have in fact collided with the sun by accident but then there are others who say that the object crashed into the sun intentionally. Some have speculated that this was to refuel by taking energy that is intense away from the surface of the sun.  

Paranormal crucible uploaded an image that gave some scale to the strange UFO and revealed that it was around the size of Jupiter.

UFOLOGISTS THINK THAT UFOS DRAW POWER FROM THE SUN

NASA has not yet given an explanation for the strange large UFO and people are waiting to hear if they have a natural explanation as to what the object might be. Ufologists have said that there is no doubt that it is of unknown origin and the craft skidded onto the surface of the sun so that it could draw in solar energy. It was said that the craft could have been using the energy of the sun so as to fuel itself or perhaps recharge and it left at high speed. This would mean that the craft is made up of material that is resistant to the surface of the sun. This does seem to be an incredible sighting and in some ways, the craft does take on a biological appearance. It does seem that extra-terrestrials do have a lot of interest in the sun.

Perhaps NASA even knows what the objects are that visit the sun? The craft is certainly large enough to have alien life on-board; in this case, it could be an inter-dimensional world that floats around on which alien life live.

RELATED ARTICLES

• A Full-Sized Beating Human Heart Grew From Stem Cells For The First Time
• Astronomers discovered habitable environments on the new 7 Earth-sized  

{ http://www.disclose.tv/ }

LOST ANCIENT TECHNOLOGY: NIKOLA TESLA AND THE GREAT PYRAMID OF GIZA

Anyone else find it odd that they would cut/carve 2.5 MILLION stone blocks, with lazer-cut precision, all for the purpose of being a tomb...then when it came time to construct the actual coffin, they use crude saws and raking techniques to shape the "sarcophagus"? Give this video a thumbs up if you think that the Pyramids of Giza were NOT built to be tombs

{ http://www.disclose.tv/ }

IT'S NOT A METEOR - SOMETHING MASSIVE JUST ENTERED EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE

The people behind the YouTube channel BPEarthWatch have revealed that a huge object that is not a meteor has entered into the atmosphere of Earth on December 2.

BPEarthWatch monitor meteor radar data that is incoming and then delivers facts about it and up to now they have done a good job doing so. In the video, the operator of the channel explains that when objects or meteors hit the upper atmosphere of the Earth, they have signatures that are picked up electronically by a VHF transmitter and a receiver system.

A CLOAKED SPACE SHIP?  

The system then bounces a signal from the ionosphere of the Earth, and it can identify the ionization trail of an object that is incoming, and this can then be converted over to data that is tangible. BPEarthWatch has said that the signal they received on December 2 did not have Sporadic E, which is a false signal that is found only in the summer months.

They said that what was seen was something very different and it was very big and had come in very slowly. The operator of the channel said that it was something that would not be classed as being normal and they were not sure what it was. They went on to say that there had not been any meteors around that were so big and which would come to Earth with a signal that would last as long.

There has been some talk about the fact that the radar echo heard might have been down to the launch of a rocket or perhaps it was a UFO. The video below allows you to hear what the radar echo sounds like, a frequency noise that continues on for some time. The graph shows the spikes in the sound frequency undulating up and down.  

Another video shows the sound some 30 minutes later from the previous video, and this one has narration over the top. They go on to explain that the sounds and graph on this video are considered normal, and it is meteors or objects in the upper atmosphere of Earth and is shown as an ionization trail. The voice goes on to explain that the other video differed from this one and they have never seen it before.  

RELATED ARTICLES

• Panic as explosions rock Argentinian city - but relief as experts realise what to blame: a huge 1,500mph meteor entering the Earth's atmosphere!
• A Gigantic UFO Has Entered The Milky Way  

it'S NOT THE FIRST TIME!( peter2011)

{ http://www.disclose.tv/ }

There are plenty of strange sightings of ghosts and mystery monsters on land or on sea, but one interesting area of such anomalous reports are those that happen under the waves in the dark waters of our planet. Here divers have come across a whole new world of the paranormal and cryptozoology, encountering things in the water that most would probably not expect to find there, things beyond our wildest dreams or even nightmares. From ghosts, to mermaids, to other strange creatures, here are some truly intriguing tales of the strangeness these divers have seen through their masks.

One very curious type of strange underwater encounter is that of what appear to be ghosts or spirits of some sort dwelling in the watery depths. Underwater is not the sort of locale one might usually associate with hauntings, but such reports are actually more numerous than you might at first think. Many of these phenomena tend to congregate around shipwrecks, and it seems that in a sense such wrecks are the haunted houses of the sea. By far one of the more well known and investigated such haunted sites is a place called called Chuuk Lagoon, also more commonly known as Truk Lagoon, which when taken with its surrounding beautiful and picturesque azure waters of Micronesia seems to be a place far removed from ghosts, yet this is a place with a dark history that stands in stark contrast to the bright tropical splendor to be found here.

During World War II, a massive U.S. led naval and air attack was launched here in 1944, in an offensive called Operation Hailstone, which sought to drive out the Japanese forces using Truk Lagoon as a base of naval operations and crucial stop-off point for supplies. Over two bloody days, from February 17 to 18, 1944, the merciless attacks would sink around 60 ships in the lagoon, including naval and merchant ships alike, as well as hundreds of aircraft, making it one of the largest underwater graveyards in the world. It is also estimated that around 3,000 people died in the attack, and considering the loss of life here and the rusted ships, tanks, and aircraft absolutely littering the bottom of the lagoon it is perhaps no surprise that it should be said to be quite haunted.

Divers to the site have reported coming across the ghostly sound of voices shouting out, shadowy figures in the water, and oddest of all a sunken Japanese ship called the Hoki Maru, which had been sunk with a shipment of trucks aboard and from which can be purportedly be heard the sounds of spectral truck, grinding machinery, and engines revving. Other wrecked ships in the area reportedly produce the sound of grinding noises from engine rooms that have not been operational for many decades, and other anomalous noises of machinery or even human voices echoing out through the water. The lagoon was investigated by a team with the TV program Destination Truth, allegedly making recordings of what sound like the sound of long dead truck engines starting as well as a human voice calling out underwater, and the team even claims they picked up the heat signatures of a human figure lurking in the wrecks even when no one else should have been there.

The undersea graveyard of Truk Lagoon is by no means the only reported instance of haunted shipwrecks. There is the 19th century wreck of the British mail ship the RMS Rhone, which was sunk in October 1867 in a hurricane near Salt Island, in the British Virgin Islands. Divers exploring the wreck often claim to see the unsettling sight of ghostly swimmers frantically swimming from the wreck towards the surface only to vanish midway. In the 1940s there was the 1942 case of the U.S. cargo ship the USAT Liberty, which was sunk by a Japanese torpedo in 1942, the wreck of which is supposedly haunted by a ghostly torpedo that flies at divers to startle them before disappearing.

Also from 1942 is the wreck of the American tanker S.S. Gulf America, which was sunk by a German torpedo near Jacksonville Beach, Florida. Its wreck is said to be prowled by shadowy shapes, specters, and disembodied voices. In 1956 the Italian S.S. Andrea Doria was destroyed and sunk after accidentally being hit by the warship M.S. Stockholm. Divers at its wreck are said to be constantly pushed, pulled, and poked by unseen hands, and human figures moving about in the murk are commonly seen. The site is also known for being plagued by an inordinately high rate of diver deaths, although whether this is due to its depth and location or ghosts is unclear.

Other ghostly dive experiences don’t seem to be tied to shipwrecks, but can be every bit as spooky. One such dive was recorded by a very unique group of Florida-based paranormal investigators that focus on underwater hauntings or curses, and which calls itself Paranormal Divers. The group delved into a supposedly haunted underwater cavern and came back with quite the story to tell. They were reportedly diving in about 130 feet of water in the flooded cavern of an undisclosed location, said to be the haunt of a ghostly drowned diver, when one of the crew started hearing unearthly screams emanating from the murky waters below. The frightened diver then whirled about to take photos, and captured what the group claims to be the very first photographic evidence of an underwater ghost, showing a seemingly spectral diving face mask. The group would say of the incident:

This is an image of a diver’s face mask frame, taken at 130 feet in a flooded underground cavern shaft. There was no diver present in the deep portion of the cavern during the time of this shot. Our photographer took the frame in sequence after the team heard screaming coming from below. We panned deeply and shot the black water and the source of the screaming voice…which was the EXACT site of a diver death. This is the real thing. To our knowledge, the first underwater ghost photo ever taken in history.

The photo in question is inconclusive to say the least. It certainly shows something hovering in the darkness that could be said to be a diving mask, but as to what its origins are it is hard to say. It could be a trick of light, another diver, or a ghost, and considering that we only have the word of the Paranormal Divers to go on, although it could be supernatural in nature we have no evidence at all that it is. In another report, a commenter on a scuba diving site gave an account of a harrowing encounter with the unexplained under the waves. The witness claims that he was out with two diving buddies in the Puget Sound, along the northwestern coast of the U.S. state of Washington, hunting for prawns at about 1 AM when something happened that none of them could quite explain. The witness says:

The creepiest dive of my life though, two buddies of mine and I were on a night dive in the Puget Sound hunting prawns. It was about 1 am and we’re a good 100 ft deep, the pitchiest black you could imagine. We used to do this thing on night dives where we’d get in a circle, turn off our lights, then stir up the water and watch the bioluminescence float around us like floating stars in a black watery space. Beautiful. Only this one time we turn off our lights, stir up the water, and the water glows just enough to reveal a fourth person sitting in our circle.
We were at a dive resort so it wasn’t so odd to see another diver, only it was 1 am — we’d seen no one else prepping a dive at the dock. He was also alone which was odd considering the dangerous conditions of a night dive in those waters, and he had no fins or gloves. I don’t know how he swam so well without fins or didn’t get hypothermia without boots or gloves. We wore drysuits because it was so cold but this dude was in a wet suit with exposed skin and we thought we saw a giant gash in one of the legs.
So the three of us all notice him and we’re too fucking scared to move, I can hear my buddies panting in their regs (regulator breathing equipment), and the guy just smiles and waves, then swims away.

In yet another report first published in the Santa Rosa Communicator in 2011, a ghost was spotted in a so-called “blue hole,” or underwater sinkhole. Two scuba diving instructors were apparently carrying out a dive at the blue hole when they noticed something strange through the grate which supposedly keeps anyone from going down into the more dangerous territory of the hole’s unexplored depths. There past the grating they claimed to have seen a solitary diver wandering about wearing a pink tank. At first they thought it was just another diver who had somehow managed to infiltrate past the security measures, but as they drew closer the mysterious diver allegedly vanished into thin air right before their eyes. When they asked the people running the hole if there was another diver there, they were told that they had been the only divers there all day. Apparently, it turned out that this had not been the first report of a mysteriously vanishing diver in the hole, and authorities would tell them that there had been at least five other similar reports from there.

Ghosts are certainly not the only strange thing one is liable to come across while floating through the waters of our world, and there are plenty of stories of mysterious creatures appearing to scuba divers as well. In 1988, a professional scuba diver named Robert Froster was diving near the coast of Florida when he noticed some strange disturbance in the water in his periphery vision. When he turned to see what it was, he saw a figure dashing through water that had been rendered murky and foggy through the stirring up of sediments. Whatever it was appeared to be undulating somewhat towards him, and when it got to within 20 yards the diver noticed that the thing had arm-like appendages that seemed to be tipped in talons and were reaching out towards him. As it drew closer still, Froster claimed that he could see that its top half had smooth skin, unmistakable breasts, and a head of flowing hair, while the bottom half was covered in scales. Whatever it was did not seem friendly, and the frightened diver would say of its gaze, “I’ve never seen such evil hate in the eyes of any human or animal before.” He was able to make it to the surface and aboard his vessel without further incident.

In another account from August of 1991, a diver was out in the water near Cape Aya, on the Crimean Peninsula, Ukraine, in the Black Sea. He was about 100 meters off of the coast in calm seas under a full moon when he suddenly felt something poking at his shoulder. Turning around to see what it was, there was only the splashing of water all around. Thinking that his friends were playing a practical joke on him, the witness began to swim towards shore thinking nothing of it. That was when he experienced a strong kick to his shoulder, and this time when he turned around he was met with the sight of the face of a woman there in the water, although her eyes were described as being much larger than normal, and even creepier still she seemed to exude a bioluminescence.

The scared witness immediately made his way towards shore with as much vigor as he could muster, and behind him he could hear thrashing in the water, which he forced himself not to look back at, afraid of what he might see. As he drew near to shore, perhaps thinking that he was away from the thing that he had seen, he felt another powerful jab to his shoulder, and he saw again the face of the mysterious swimming woman, her eyes black and expressing what he called “disappointment.” The swimmer rushed onto shore screaming, and looking back he could purportedly make out a silvery body splashing on the surface to disappear down into the black depths. Although the terrifying experience was over, he found himself obsessed by what he had seen, even seeing the strange woman in his dreams, and felt compelled to go back several times to the same location but never saw her again.

Also from the Black Sea is an extremely strange report from the summer of 2002, near Odessa, Ukraine. In this account, three Ukrainian divers had headed out to go exploring a weird, crater-like hollow depression on the bottom that they had previously discovered in the area. As they approached the locale, they say they noticed an unusual cube-like structure covered in seaweed and shellfish on the bottom, and they approached to try and pry some of the numerous cockleshells from it. As they did this, they claim that an ominous, resounding voice blared out from all around them, reverberating through the water to command them, “Don’t do that! Don’t do that!” over and over again.

As soon as this mysterious voice echoed out around them, the scenery shimmered and changed, with some sort of ancient ruins suddenly becoming visible to them, complete with classical Greek-style columns. Among these ruins were seen two bizarre humanoid beings, around 2.5 meters in height and just hovering there in the water without any discernible diving suits or breathing equipment, seemingly totally able to breathe underwater. All they wore were tight-fitting suits of some sort, and they were near one of the ruins apparently studying it with some sort of circular object or device of some kind. Having seen enough, the divers made their way to the surface, where the previously calm sea was seen to be roiling and dotted with mysterious green lights glowing and flickering under the surface.

Another strange account of an encounter with underwater humanoids supposedly happened at Russia’s Lake Baikal in 1982. Navy divers in the lake on a training exercise reported coming across unknown human-like organisms swimming about at a depth of around 164 feet. The huge humanoids were described as being around 10-feet tall, and wearing some sort of skin-tight silver suits and round helmets on their heads. When the divers tried to pursue the creatures in order to catch them they fought back, and three of the Russian divers purportedly died as a result, with four others seriously injured, after they were propelled from the depths by a powerful, mysterious force, causing massive decompression injuries.

These would not be the only alleged giant underwater humanoids to be spotted in Russian lakes, and they were supposedly reported from all over remote waters at the time. Indeed, that very same year there was a training exercise of reconnaissance divers going on at Issik Kul Lake, a frigid, deep water lake in the Transiliysk Ala Tau area. This mission was supposedly actually warned about what had happened at Baikal, by a Major-General V. Demyanko, commander of the Military Diver Service of the Engineer Forces of the Ministry of Defense, USSR.

Such stories were further fueled by an account from a B. Borovikov, who came across such enormous underwater humanoids while diving in the Black Sea to hunt sharks in 1996. He claimed that as he was diving at a depth of around 8 meters in the Anapa area, he was terrified to see a group of massive humanoid creatures around 3 meters in length ascending from below. They were described as being milky white in color, with human-like faces but tails like fish. The entity in front reportedly saw Borovikov and stopped to stare with bulging, frog-like eyes, and another passed while waving with a webbed hand. The whole group approached until they were unsettling close, before suddenly darting off into the murk. Whatever these cases are describing, these accounts and more have been covered in some depth in a book by UFOlogists Paul Stonehill and Philip Mantle, called Russia’s USO Secrets: Unidentified Submersible Objects in Russian and International Waters.

These are bizarre cases to be sure, but perhaps not quite as much so as what happened to a Russian submariner and diver named Nikolay M., as he was diving one day in 1997 in the Bay of Finland, in the Saint Petersburg region of Russia. Nikolay allegedly was diving in shallow water when he saw an elongated object on the bottom which was reminiscent of a cucumber. He at first took it to be a part of some sort of wreckage, and tried to get it to the surface by tying some old rope around it, but he was ultimately unable to budge the odd object.

Undeterred, he decided to actually haul it out with his car, which was on shore and not that far away. He retrieved a pneumatic drill in order to drill holes in the thing to attack a sling to it, but when he started drilling into the object it began to issue forth streamers of a thick dark liquid like oil, which crept out into the water. In spite of this startling development, he kept pressure on the drill to go deeper, after which it stopped upon hitting something within. At this point the object reportedly split open to regurgitate a bubble containing a humanoid creature with porcelain white skin and a bleeding wound where the drill had apparently hit it.

The creature did not seem pleased, and fixed the diver with a malevolent gaze, after which it lashed out with taloned hands to grab his arm and cut into his flesh. Nikolay then supposedly used the drill to bore into his attacker, after which it let go and he lost consciousness. The next thing he knew, he was being dragged from the water by rescuers. It was found that he had sustained deep cuts on his arm and lost a piece of his hand, but there was no sign of the strange cucumber object or its bizarre, unearthly occupant. What did this man see? Was it some sort of cocoon? If so, for what? Nobody knows.

It is hard to know what to make of some of these cases, largely due to the fact that they have taken place in a world that most of us ever really see, under the waters of our world. While we may never be able to fully explain what has happened in any of these incidents, it does make it clear that beneath the sheen of our seas and lakes, lying down beneath where the naked eye can penetrate, there are sometimes incredible, even frightening phenomena lurking down below.

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

Hey, budding screenwriters! Does your script about dinosaur DNA being used to bring them back to life to exact revenge against humans for destroying the planet they once cared for and loved need a Jurassic spark? Well, here’s your new plot twist. Paleontologists in China have discovered hundreds of well-preserve pterosaur eggs, with at least 16 containing partial embryos. Will flying lizards darken our skies once again? Should dogs and cats be nervous?

“We want to call this region ‘Pterosaur Eden.’”

That perfect line to open a movie comes from paleontologist Shunxing Jiang of the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (try fitting that on a business card), the lead author of the study(published in the journal Science), as he described the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region site where at least 215 eggs were found in a block of sandstone. Those eggs all belonged to a single species of pterosaur, Hamipterus tianshanensis, which flew over what is now northwestern China during the early Cretaceous Period, 120 million years ago.

The eggs were discovered in 2014 by a team of paleontogists which included pterosaur expert Alexander Kellner, a co-author of the new study and paleontologist at the National Museum of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, who recognized that this cache was from a new species which he named Hamipterus tianshanensis. The fossils indicated to Kellner that this pterosaur had an adult wingspan of 11 feet, spiked teeth and no feathers. They also showed that H. tianshanensis buried its eggs in lake shores and river banks.

However, the eggs found in ‘Pterosaur Eden’ were not buried there by the parent pterosaurs but by storms and floods which washed them, along with hatched through adult creatures, to the site where they were found in a fossilized jumble of broken bones and eggs. Fortunately, this sandstone block of the eggs survived intact, waiting 120 million years until 3D scanning was perfected.

While the embryos were unfortunately jumbled about inside the eggs, those scans showed that, had they hatched, their legs were developed enough that they would have been able to walk immediately, but underdeveloped wing bones indicated that flight would take a little time. The embryos were toothless, another surprise since it was believed that they were born bite-ready, but their fast growth meant teeth and flight wings were ready pretty quickly after hatching.

Will the next film about pterosaurs being cloned be fiction or a documentary? Unfortunately, this particular find was all fossils and no flesh, so there was no DNA suitable for cloning. That doesn’t take away from the magnitude of this discovery, since the fragility of eggs means that very few from dinosaurs and pterosaurs (which were not dinosaurs) have survived. The researchers believe this site will eventually yield more of the 3 inch (7.2cm) long H. tianshanensis eggs. Will one contain an intact pterosaur suitable for cloning? Speaking like a true paleontologist, Kellner is hopeful.

“Now that we know what they look like, we can go back and find more. You just have to get your knees down and look.”

That’s all the help you get for now, budding screenwriters. Get your fingers down and write.

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

Is something big going through our atmosphere? Mysterious incoming radar signal/sound detected!

Is something big going through our atmosphere? On December 2, 2017 the meteor detector at LiveMeteors detected a weird unusual radar return on the tracker.

The meteor tracker doesn't detect objects, it detects ionizations which may or may not be from an object. A normal viewing would be some dots and you hear some beeps, but on December 2, it gave a huge radar return and a large burst of sound which lasted for about 2 minutes.

According to LiveMeteors, if you hear a strong continuous signal that runs for more than a minute or, that is unlikely to be a meteor echo. VHF radio waves are sometimes affected by an unusual form of ionosphere propagation called “Sporadic E.”

Then they say that “Sporadic E” is specific to summer season in the Northern Hemisphere.

Considering that it is now winter season in that part of the world it is unlikely that the strange signal was a so called “Sporadic E.”

So, if it was not a “Sporadic E” then what has caused the strange radio signals and sound?

Image left: The mysterious radar signal - Image right: Normal view.

The Week's Most Amazing Stories from Space!

Photo Credit: ESO/MUSE HUDF Collaboration

Photo Credit: Bill Ingalls/NASA

Photo Credit: Missile Defense Agency/U.S. Department of Defense

Photo Credit: ESA/DLR/FU Berlin (G. Neukum)

Photo Credit: NASA

Photo Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute

Photo Credit: China Academy of Sciences

Photo Credit: Roscosmos

Photo Credit: FastMotion/Shutterstock

Photo Credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute

Liquid Oceans In Icy Bodies Expand Potential Worlds In The Solar System To Find Alien Life

Ice worlds beyond the orbit of Neptune known as Trans-Neptunian Objects may have liquid oceans beneath their icy surface, a NASA study suggested. If correct, this could impact our search for potentially habitable worlds in the Solar System.  

( NASA/JHUAPL/SwRI )

A new NASA study has suggested that there could be a high number of icy worlds in the Solar System that has liquid water below the surface.

The findings expand the number of worlds where alien life can be possibly found since liquid water is essential to supporting known form of life. Astronomers think that there are dozens of these potentially habitable worlds.

Trans-Neptunian Objects

Bodies called the Trans-Neptunian Objects, or TNOs, which include the dwarf planet Pluto, lie beyond the orbit of Neptune. These worlds are relatively very far from the sun that their surface temperatures of about 200 degrees Celsius below zero are cold enough to prevent liquid water to exist.

In the new study, however, Prabal Saxena of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, and colleagues found evidence that the gravitational interaction of these TNOs with their moons may produce enough heat in the interior of these bodies to sustain liquid oceans beneath their icy surface.

How Liquid Subsurface Oceans Form In Frigid Worlds

Astronomers think that liquid water may exist in Pluto and other outer solar system bodies because analysis of light reflected from some TNOs revealed signatures of ammonia hydrates and crystalline water ice. Researchers suggest that these emerged to the surface from an interior liquid water source through a process known as cryovolcanism.

Most of the long-lived heat inside of TNOs were from the decay of radioactive elements that were infused into these objects. The heat is warm enough to melt a layer of the icy crust and generate a subsurface ocean that can last for billions of years. As the radioactive elements decay into more stable ones, however, they stop releasing heat and this can eventually cool down the interior of these bodies causing any subsurface ocean to freeze.

Implications In The Search For Alien Life

If the findings of the study, which was published in Icarus on Nov. 24, are right, these could have implications in the search for potentially habitable worlds beyond Earth. The presence of water has long been associated with potentials for supporting life.

In an earlier study revealing the likely composition of habitable planets, researchers suggested that even in worlds outside the solar system, the most habitable planets are highly likely waterworlds with oceans.

"These objects need to be considered as potential reservoirs of water and life. If our study is correct, we now may have more places in our solar system that possess some of the critical elements for extraterrestrial life," Saxena said.

TAG

• Neptune, 
• Oceans, 
• water, 
• Pluto

{http://www.techtimes.com/ }

Voyager fires up thrusters after 37 years at13bn miles from earth

The Golden Record carried a message from Earth on board NASA's Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 missions..

IT WAS the first man-made object to venture into interstellar space and its mission to the planets in our solar system brought back new discoveries and information, including the first active volcanoes and lightning seen outside of earth. Its most famous moments came as it flew past Saturn and Jupiter sending back pictures of the mysterious giants' rings and moons.

Now four years after it left the solar system to drift in deep space, Voyager 1 – the iconic space craft launched 40 years ago to explore the cosmos and carry a greeting from earth to aliens – has woken up. Its thrusters were revived by NASA at a mind-bending distance of 13 billion miles from Earth.

After decades of operation, the attitude control thrusters that turn the spacecraft's antennae in the direction of earth have degraded, leading scientists to make a decision to fire up the four back-up thrusters, last used in 1980.

{ http://www.heraldscotland.com/ }

We mapped every UFO sighting recorded in Essex

Intergalactic explorers like to head to the coast

By Lottie O'Neill

Residents of Essex have been sighting Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs) for decades.

We've made a map of all the UFO sightings recorded in Essex as part of an out-of-this-world investigation.

Even if you are skeptical of the idea of little green men visiting our planet, it's interesting to read accounts of those who believe they saw another life form.

READ MORE

• Essex Scientologist reveals in a rare interview what life's really like inside the world's most secretive religion

Some of the earliest sightings date back to 1992, and with the vast amount of similar data being recorded, it's hard to determine whether or not we are really alone.

According to the data tracking website, UFO Stalker , there has been 24 strange encounters across the county.

The majority of Martians seem to fly to the south of Essex, with Romford, Canvey Island and Southend-on-Sea being hotspots.

One extraterrestrial explorer ventured out to Braintree, and another two had a mosey around Colchester.

The most popular intergalactic destination seems to be Southend, with six separate sightings being recorded, perhaps to enjoy a day at Adventure Island.

The stories that follow the sightings are even more spooky, with many of them allegedly describing similar crafts.

One spooky tale from Basildon described seeing a large black triangular craft flying slowly above a house. The object made no noise and wasn't like any other craft the spotter had seen before.

He wrote: "I have never seen anything like this in all these years and really hope I never will again."

Another record from Harlow disclosed they saw a light travelling through the sky, and then two circles emitting blue light opening and the travelling light disappearing through it. A few moments later the circles disappear and the travelling light couldn't be seen.

Then, in Romford, 21 years ago, someone saw a disc shaped craft rising above the trees.

The author also believes they were abducted in their sleep and claims to have seen another world where other beings, similar to humans, lived.

Many sightings reference three orbs of light in a triangular shape, or either a black triangular craft, it seems these are common for the intergalactic explorers.

The oldest UFO sighting in Essex, at Southend, happened in 1992 and it wasn't reported on the website until 24 years later.

A fishing crew were night fishing on a small cabin boat out off the coast when they thought they saw a helicopter. However, the lights started moving in a zig zag pattern and in sharp movements, quicker than a plane or helicopter could perform.

They couldn't hear a lot of noise like most aircrafts produce, but instead, a slight hum, and as it got closer the crew hid inside the cabin on the boat.

The cabin was then illuminated and felt brighter than the sun, but the spooked fisherman didn't feel pain or heat from the light.

The author wrote: "People think you're crazy or just making it up, so we told very few. I only spoke about this to my wife, even she thought we are mad and should keep it quiet."

The Ministry of Defence (MoD) closed the UFO files in November 2009, as well as the hotline number which members of the public had used since 1997 to report their alien encounters.

The staff from the UFO desk were redeployed, and they told the Home Office and the Civil Aviation Authority that they no longer wanted to receive UFO reports, as they were not going to investigate it.

In the last year that the desk was open, the MoD received a record-breaking number of reports, 643 separate sightings, compared to the one to two hundred annual average before this.

A collection of 25 files, and 4300 pages of UFO sightings are now available at the National Archives, and although 'Britain's X-Files' may be closed, residents are still reporting what they have seen online.

Dr David Clarke, an expert in UFO history, said about the closure of the UFO desk to the National Archives: "It is often said about UFOs that 'the truth is out there,' in my opinion the truth is actually in here - in these files - and I would encourage everyone who is interested in this subject whether you believe or whether you disbelieve take the time to take a look at the content of these files."

Remember, the next time you look up at the night sky, there may something looking back at you.

{ http://www.essexlive.news/ }

Lie detector test PROVES airman saw UFO near RAF base in shock case

A FORMER airman has taken a lie detector test to prove he saw a UFO land near an RAF base.

By Tom Towers 

Larry Warren, 56, supposedly saw aliens floating underneath a craft in Rendlesham Forest, Suffolk, in 1980.

The mystery has since been dubbed “Britain’s Roswell” and has baffled conspiracy theorists for decades.

Warren – stationed with the US air force at RAF Bentwaters – passed every question on the polygraph test and now hopes the world will believe his account.

Former police detective Gary Heseltine – who probed the 7/7 bombings – said the test has finally vindicated Larry.

CASCADE/GETTY

BIZARRE: Larry Warren claims he saw aliens floating underneath a craft

He edits UFO Truth Magazine and announced the news to his readers.

He said: “Larry Warren, the original military whistleblower of Britain’s most famous and unsolved cold case, The Rendlesham Forest, recently agreed to undertake a professional polygraph test with one of the UK’s leading experts.

“He undertook the test where he was questioned about his involvement along with many other questions about his general honesty and integrity.

“I can now reveal that Larry Warren has successfully passed the tests on all counts.”

CASCADE

VINDICATED: Warren has now passed every question on a polygraph test

“I can now reveal that Larry Warren has successfully passed the tests on all counts”

Former police detective Gary Heseltine

The incident took place over three successive nights and three air force men were sent out to investigate.

One of them, Kim Pennington, got close enough to touch the side of the mysterious object.

He and one other airman made sketches of the craft for witness statements.

Two nights later, Deputy Base Commander Lieutenant Colonel Charles Halt observed strange flashing lights in the trees.

One of the beams hit the ground just a few feet away and reportedly struck weapons storage bunkers at the NATO base.

This led to allegations that weapons of mass destruction were being stored there – something the UK and US governments will neither confirm nor deny.

Earlier this year, The National Archives opened up a selection of 15 files stored by the Ministry of Defence detailing reports of aliens.

• Shock claim humans will find aliens with telescopes 'any day now'
• Alien hunter claims ISS is FAKE and is actually filmed on EARTH in bombshell video
• 'NASA is LYING to us’ Supermoon mystery may have just been 'solved'

{ https://www.dailystar.co.uk/ }

Every official record of a UFO sighting in Gloucestershire revealed

Tewkesbury, Cheltenham and Gloucester are popular among aliens fancying a getaway

By Conor Gogarty

The humans of Gloucestershire are not alone.

At least, that's what some may glean from our UFO map, the result of an explosive investigation into alien sightings across the county.

According to the UFO Stalker website, there have been no less than 16 extraterrestrial invasions witnessed in Gloucestershire in recent years.

Tewkesbury, Cheltenham and Gloucester are hotspots for aliens fancying a getaway, with 11 of the 16 sightings coming around those three areas.

It may be a popular tourist destination for us mere homo sapiens, but the Cotswolds has been emphatically snubbed by those from other planets.

READ MORE

• Proof at last! 'Bright red object' floats in skies above Gloucester

Only one adventurous intergalactic explorer decided to have a mosey around Cirencester.

Lydney, however, has proved something of a hit with the Martians, with three UFOs checking in, perhaps for a spot of Go Ape.

Many of the eye-witness accounts that accompany the entries on UFO Stalker have a flair for the dramatic.

One person was driving home from a baby shower in July 2016 on the A433, when he saw something not of this earth.

They wrote: "I checked my rear view mirror, I was surprised to see a large white circle, size of a football, glowing like a headlight, following directly behind my car."

READ MORE

• Another silvery UFO caught on camera floating over Gloucestershire

A 47-year-old computer consultant from Cheltenham also saw something shocking, from his block of flats in 2010.

He wrote: "I have noticed an orange light in the western sky after dark, corresponding to the common position of Venus and visible when other stars are not (due to street lighting).

"I thought i could perceive it to be a cluster of different coloured lights instead of a single source.

"The object now appeared to be moving closer and slightly to my left heading for the centre of cheltenham (which is just south of my location).

READ MORE

• UPDATED: What are these 'weird white lights' moving in the night sky

"As it moved it presented itself at an angle to me and I could see the red strobe light was centred on the underside of the object which now clearly had strong white lights at the front, throwing a beam or twin beams straight ahead, like landing lights or car headlights."

The witness added that the UFO was a large black triangle in the air, which floated off towards Oxfordshire after a while.

{ http://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/ }

What the Pliocene epoch can teach us about future warming on Earth

About 3 million years ago, carbon dioxide levels were similar to today’s. What other changes might we expect?

BY ALEXANDRA WITZE 

 

BLAST FROM THE PAST  Three million years ago, Earth’s climate was so warm that the High Arctic supported forests (illustrated) in which camels and other animals roamed.

JULIUS T. CSOTON

Imagine a world where the polar ice sheets are melting, sea level is rising and the atmosphere is stuffed with about 400 parts per million of carbon dioxide. Sound familiar? It should. We’re living it. But the description also matches Earth a little over 3 million years ago, in the middle of the geologic epoch known as the Pliocene.

To understand how our planet might respond as global temperatures rise, scientists are looking to warm periods of the past. These include the steamy worlds of the Cretaceous Period, such as around 90 million years ago, and the boundary of the Paleocene and Eocene epochs, about 56 million years ago.

But to many researchers, the best reference for today’s warming is the more recent Pliocene, which lasted from 5.3 million to 2.6 million years ago. The mid-Pliocene was the last time atmospheric CO₂ levels were similar to today’s, trapping heat and raising global temperatures to above the levels Earth is experiencing now.

New research is illuminating how the planet responded to Pliocene warmth. One set of scientists has fanned out across the Arctic, gathering geologic clues to how temperatures there may have been as much as 19 degrees Celsius higher than today. The warmth allowed trees to spread far to the north, creating Arctic forests where three-toed horses, giant camels and other animals roamed. When lightning struck, wildfires roared across the landscape, spewing soot into the air and altering the region’s climate.

Amount of CO₂ in Earth’s atmosphere
(parts per million) 

Mid-Pliocene

350–450

Pre-Industrial

280

Today

400+

Other researchers are pushing the frontiers of climate modeling, simulating how the oceans, atmosphere and land responded as Pliocene temperatures soared. One new study shows how the warmth may have triggered huge changes in ocean circulation, setting up an enormous overturning current in the Pacific Ocean, similar to the “conveyor belt” in today’s Atlantic that drives weather and climate. A second new paper suggests that the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets might have responded differently to Pliocene heat, melting at different times.

All this research into the last great warm period is helping scientists think more deeply about how the future might play out. It may not be a road map to the next 100 years, but the Pliocene is a rough guide to the high sea levels, vanishing ice and altered weather patterns that might arrive hundreds to thousands of years from now.

“It’s a case study for understanding how warm climates function,” says Heather Ford, a paleoceanographer at the University of Cambridge. “It’s our closest analog for future climate change.”

Walk through history

Teasing out the history of the Pliocene is a little like digging through a family’s past. One group of enthusiasts goes through genealogical records, collecting data on who lived where, and when. Another group uses computer software and modeling to look for broad patterns that describe how the family grew and moved over time.

The data detectives begin their work in rocks and sediments dating to the Pliocene that are scattered around the world like family-tree histories in city library archives. In 1988, the U.S. Geological Survey began a project called PRISM, for Pliocene Research, Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping, which aims to gather as many geologic clues as possible about Pliocene environments.

Chemical and geologic clues within deep-sea sediment cores, like this one from the Pliocene drilled from the seabed off Alaska’s southern coast, can reveal past ocean temperatures. Paleoclimatologists use the data to reconstruct which periods were warm and which were cold.

 JRSO/INTERNATIONAL OCEAN DISCOVERY PROGRAM 

At its start, PRISM focused on a collection of deep-sea cores drilled from the floor of the North Atlantic Ocean. Different types of marine organisms thrive in water of different temperatures. By comparing the relative abundance of species of tiny organisms preserved in the deep-sea cores, PRISM scientists could roughly map how cold-loving organisms gave way to warm ones (and vice versa) at different times in the past. Early results from the project, reported in 1992 by USGS research geologist Harry Dowsett and colleagues, showed that during the Pliocene, warming was amplified at higher latitudes in the North Atlantic.

Scientists continue to add to the PRISM records. One international team drilled a sediment core from beneath a Siberian lake and found that summer air temperatures there, in the mid-Pliocene, were as high as 15° C (about 59° Fahrenheit). That’s 8 degrees warmer than today (SN: 6/15/13, p. 13). Other researchers uncovered clues, such as plant fossils from peat bogs, that suggest mean annual temperatures on Canada’s now-frozen Ellesmere Island near Greenland were as much as 18 degrees higher than today (SN: 4/6/13, p. 9).

Now, a new group of biologists, geoscientists and other experts in past landscapes have banded together in a project called PoLAR-FIT, for Pliocene Landscape and Arctic Remains — Frozen in Time. The team is focusing on the Arctic because, just as today’s Arctic is warming faster than other parts of the planet, the Pliocene Arctic warmed more than the rest of the globe. “That’s what we call polar amplification,” says Tamara Fletcher, a team member and paleoecologist at the University of Montana in Missoula. “It was even more magnified in the Pliocene than what we’re seeing today.”

PoLAR-FIT scientists travel to the Arctic to collect geologic evidence about how the region responded to rising temperatures in the Pliocene. In the thawing permafrost slopes of Ellesmere Island, for instance, Fletcher and colleagues have been mapping black layers of charcoal in sediments dating from the Pliocene. Each charcoal layer represents a fire that burned through the ancient forest. By tracking the events across Ellesmere and other nearby islands, Fletcher’s team discovered that fire was widespreadacross what is now the Canadian Arctic.

Wildfires swept the Arctic during the warm Pliocene, leaving behind beds of dark charcoal that are visible today.

 T. FLETCHER

Wildfires changed vegetation across the landscape, possibly altering how the Arctic responded to rising temperatures. Soot rising from the fires would have darkened the skies, potentially leading to local or regional weather changes. “How important is that to the warming?” asks Bette Otto-Bliesner, a paleoclimatologist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colo. “That’s something we’re still trying to determine.” Fletcher, Otto-Bliesner and colleagues described the charcoal discovery, along with modeling studies of the fires’ effects, in Seattle in October at a meeting of the Geological Society of America.

In 2012, about 283,280 square kilometers of forest burned in Russia. Three years later, more than 20,230 square kilometers burned in Alaska. Last summer, a wildfire broke out in the icy landscape of western Greenland. “We’re already seeing fire in the Arctic, which is unusual today,” Fletcher says. “But it wouldn’t have been unusual in the Pliocene.”

While the work doesn’t predict how much of the Arctic will burn as temperatures rise, the findings do suggest that people need to prepare for more fires in the future.

Story continues below image

As temperatures rise, Arctic fires, like the one that burned in Greenland in August, may become more common.

ESA, PIERRE MARKUSE/FLICKR (CC BY 2.0)

Trapped ocean heat

Scientists like Fletcher are the genealogists of the Pliocene, collecting records of past environments. Other researchers — the computer modelers — put those old records into broad context, like historians analyzing family trees for patterns of migration and change. 

The modelers begin with data on Pliocene temperatures — such as how hot it got on Ellesmere Island or in the North Atlantic Ocean, as revealed by plant fossils or seafloor sediments. Scientists can also estimate how much CO₂ was in the atmosphere at the time by looking at clues such as the density of holes in fossilized leaves of Pliocene plants, which used those openings to take up CO₂. Estimates vary, but most suggest CO₂ levels were about 350 to 450 ppm in the mid-Pliocene.

Foraminifera, tiny sea organisms, are used to calculate past ocean temperatures, by the chemistry of their shells and the amount of cold-loving versus warm-loving species present in deep-sea cores.

USGS

It’s not clear what caused the gas buildup during the Pliocene; one possibility is it came from long-term changes in the way carbon cycles between the land, ocean and atmosphere. But no matter the source, the high levels of CO₂ caused temperatures to soar by trapping heat in the atmosphere.

The Pliocene isn’t a perfect crystal ball for today. For starters, scientists know why CO₂ levels are now increasing — burning of fossil fuels and other human activities (SN: 5/30/15, p. 15). As the Industrial Revolution was gaining steam, in the 19th century, atmospheric CO₂ levels were around 280 ppm. Today that level is just above 400 ppm, and rising.

Modeling the Pliocene climate can help reveal how Earth responded in somewhat similar conditions. That means studying changes in the Pliocene atmosphere, the land surface and most of all the oceans, which absorb the bulk of planetary warming. “That’s the sort of thing you can understand from studying past warm episodes,” Ford says. “What was different about how heat and carbon were moving around in the ocean?” 

Ford has begun working with climatologist Natalie Burls of George Mason University in Fairfax, Va., to try to track how the oceans’ major water masses shifted during the Pliocene. Today the North Atlantic has a deep, cold, salty layer that is crucial to the ocean’s “conveyor belt” circulation. In this pattern, warm waters flow northward from the tropics, then cool and become saltier and denser as they reach higher latitudes. That cool water sinks and travels southward, where it warms and rises and begins the cycle all over again.

This conveyor belt circulation is important to today’s Atlantic climate, because it allows the warm Gulf Stream to moderate temperatures from the U.S. East Coast to Western Europe. Burls and colleagues have now found that a similar pattern might have existed in the Pacific during the Pliocene. They call it the Pacific meridional overturning circulation, or PMOC, just as today’s similar Atlantic circulation is known as the AMOC.

Burls’ team discovered this phenomenon by modeling how the Pliocene ocean would have responded to higher temperatures. Because the Arctic was so warm, the temperature difference between the equator and the mid- and high latitudes was not as great as it is today. The weaker temperature gradient would have meant less rainfall and more evaporation in the midlatitude North Pacific. As a result, its uppermost waters would have gotten saltier.

Deep ocean changes

Ocean circulation today is driven in part by a deep circulation pattern in the North Atlantic (top). Currents there flow north and then become cooler and saltier, causing the water to sink and return southward in a conveyor belt–like circulation. In the warm Pliocene, some 3 million years ago, a similar conveyor belt may have set up in the Pacific (bottom) thanks to reduced rainfall in the North Pacific (dotted circle).

N. BURLS

When the North Pacific waters got salty enough, they cooled and sank, setting up an enormous current that dove deep off the coast of northeastern Russia and traveled southward until the water warmed enough to once again rise toward the surface. Real-world data back the claim: Accumulations of calcium carbonate in deep-sea Pacific sediments show that the Pliocene ocean experienced huge shifts at the time, with waters churning all the way from the surface down to about three kilometers deep, as would be expected from a conveyor belt–type circulation. The team reported the finding in Science Advances in September.

What happened in the Pliocene Pacific may say something about the Pacific of the distant future, Burls says. As temperatures rise today, most of the heat is being taken up by the surface layers of the oceans. Over the short term, that works to prevent changes in deep ocean circulation. “Today we’re very quickly turning on the heating, and it will take a while for the deep ocean to adjust,” Burls says.

But in the longer term, thousands of years from now, waters in the North Pacific may eventually become warm and salty enough to establish a PMOC, just as there was in the Pliocene. And that could lead to major changes in weather and climate patterns around the globe.

Land bridges and ice sheets

Other modelers are looking beyond the Pacific to improve their understanding of how different parts of the Pliocene world behaved. About a dozen research groups recently launched a new effort called PlioMIP2, or Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 2, to model the climate of a time somewhat similar to today in the mid-Pliocene, about 3.205 million years ago.

“We’re working to produce the best picture that we can of what life seemed to be like at the time,” says Alan Haywood, a climate modeler at the University of Leeds in England and a leader of the effort.

In one discovery, project scientists have found that small changes in the geography of their modeled world make a big improvement in the final results. Early models did not accurately capture how much the polar regions heated up. So PlioMIP2 researchers updated their starting conditions. Instead of assuming that the landmasses of the Pliocene world were identical to today, the group made two small, plausible changes in the Arctic. The researchers made a land bridge between Russia and Alaska by closing the Bering Strait, and they added land to connect a few modern islands in the Canadian Arctic, including Ellesmere.

The change “seems small, but it actually can have a huge impact on climate,” says Otto-Bliesner. For instance, closing the Bering Strait cut off a flow in which relatively fresh water from the Pacific travels over the Arctic and into the North Atlantic. With the updated geography, the PlioMIP2 models suddenly did a much better job of simulating heat in the high Arctic.

Otto-Bliesner will describe the team’s results in New Orleans this month at a meeting of the American Geophysical Union. Another PlioMIP2 group, Deepak Chandan and Richard Peltier of the University of Toronto, reported similar findings in July in Climate of the Past. They too found that closing the Bering Strait allowed their model to better simulate the Arctic heating.

Other Pliocene modelers are trying to figure out how the planet’s enormous ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica might respond to rising temperatures. Geologic evidence, such as ancient beaches from the Pliocene, suggest that global sea levels then were as much as 25 meters higher than today. If all of Greenland’s ice were to melt, global sea levels would rise about six meters; if all of Antarctica went, it would contribute about 60 meters. So parts of these ice sheets, but not all, must have melted during the long-ago warm period.

Several of the PlioMIP2 research groups are modeling how the polar ice sheets responded in the heat of the Pliocene. “It will tell us how much we should be worried,” Otto-Bliesner says.

Arctic heat-up

Simulations of the Arctic during the Pliocene show excess heat (deeper red colors) compared with before the Industrial Revolution (left) and today (right). Today’s differences are smaller because levels of heat-trapping carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are closer to Pliocene levels.

D. CHANDAN AND RICHARD PELTIER

One new study suggests that the northern and southern ice sheets may have behaved out of phase with each other. In a simulation of the mid- to late Pliocene, climate modeler Bas de Boer of Utrecht University in the Netherlands and colleagues found that as Greenland’s ice melted, Antarctica’s ice could have been relatively stable, and vice versa.

“At different points, they could be contributing to the sea level story or against it,” says Haywood. He, along with colleagues, reported the results in the Oct. 30 Geophysical Research Letters.

That out-of-sync melting suggests the Pliocene was a complicated time. Just because global temperatures were high doesn’t mean that all of Earth’s ice sheets melted equally. (Today, both Greenland and West Antarctica are losing ice to the oceans as global temperatures rise.)

The Pliocene wound to an end around 2.6 million years ago, as CO₂ levels dropped. Chemical reactions with eroding rocks may have sucked much of the CO₂ out of the atmosphere and tucked it away in the oceans, removing the greenhouse gas. The planet entered a long-term cooling trend. Since the end of the Pliocene, Earth has been in and out of a series of ice ages.

But now, greenhouse gases are once again flooding into the atmosphere. Global temperatures are ticking up inexorably year after year. That makes the lessons of the past all the more relevant for the future.

---

This article appears in the December 9, 2017 issue of Science News with the headline, "Lessons from the Pliocene: A warm period in the past offers a window to the future."

Citations

B. de Boer et al. The transient response of ice volume to orbital forcing during the warm late Pliocene. Geophysical Research Letters. Vol. 44, 2017. doi:10.1002/2017GL073535.

N.J. Burls et al. Active Pacific meridional overturning circulation (PMOC) during the warm Pliocene. Science Advances. Vol. 3, September 13, 2017, e1700156.

D. Chandan & R. Peltier. Regional and global climate for the mid-Pliocene using the University of Toronto version of CCSM4 and PlioMIP2 boundary conditions. Clim. Past. Vol. 13, 2017, p. 919.

B. Otto-Bliesner et al. Amplified North Atlantic warming in the late Pliocene by changes in Arctic gateways. Geophysical Research Letters. Vol. 44, p. 957.

A.M. Haywood et al. Integrating geological archives and climate models for the mid-Pliocene warm period. Nature Communciations. Vol. 7, February 16, 2016, p. 10646.

Further Reading

E. Wayman. Millions of years ago, frozen ice sheet in East Antarctica melted. Science News Online, July 22, 2013.

E. Wayman. Taking Antarctica’s temperature. Science News. Vol. 184, July 27, 2013, p. 18.

E. Wayman. The Arctic was once warmer, covered by trees. Science News. Vol. 183, June 15, 2013, p. 13.

E. Wayman. Camel ancestors lived in the Arctic. Science News. Vol. 183, April 6, 2013, p. 9.

{ https://www.sciencenews.org/ }

{ http://www.todaysufovideos.com/ufo-videos.html }

SCIENCE FINALLY FOUND PROOF OF THE EXISTENCE OF GOD

Is science discovered God?

Einstein didn’t believe it was possible, but Stephen Hawkins said: ‘It might be the greatest scientific discovery of all time’.

So, what discovery has baffled the greatest scientific minds of the past century, and why has it caused them to rethink the origin of our universe? New and more powerful telescopes have unlocked mysteries about our universe never before revealed, giving us amazing new scientific insight into the origin of life.

HAS SCIENCE DISCOVERED GOD?  

Hasn’t science proven we don’t need God to explain the universe?

What is it about this discovery that is so fundamentally different, and why has it stunned the scientific world?

This discovery along with what molecular biologists have learned about the sophisticated coding within DNA have many scientists now admitting that the universe and life itself appeared to be part of a grand design.

“Many scientists, when they admit their views, incline toward the design argument”.

Surprisingly, many scientists who are now talking about God have no religious beliefs whatsoever.

RELATED ARTICLES

• Soul's existence finally proven by Russian Scientist
• Stephen Hawking: God Does Not Exist And God Did Not Create The Universe

What are these stunning discoveries that have scientists suddenly speaking of God? Well there are three revolutionary discoveries from the fields of astronomy and molecular biology that stand out:

1) the universe had a beginning

2) The universe is just right for life

3) DNA coding reveals intelligence

The statements leading scientists have made about these discoveries may shock you.

THE UNIVERSE HAD A ONE-TIME BEGINNING

Since the dawn of civilization man has gazed in awe at the stars, wondering what they are and how they got there. Although, on a clear night the unaided human eye can see only 6,000 stars, Hubble and other powerful telescopes reveal there are a billion-trillion stars clustered in over 100 billion galaxies. In fact, our sun is like one grain of sand amidst the world’s beaches. But, prior to the 20th century, the majority of scientists believed that our own Milky Way galaxy was the entire universe, and that only about 100 million starts existed.

Most scientists of the past believed that our universe never had a beginning.They believed that mass, space, and energy that compose our entire universe had always existed.But in the early 20th century , astronomer Edwin Hubble discovered that the universe is expanding. Rewinding the process mathematically, he calculated that everything in the universe, matter, energy, space, and even time itself, actually had a beginning.

Shockwaves hit the scientific community. Many scientists including Einstein, reacted negatively. In what Einstein later called “the biggest blunder in my life”, he fudged the equations to avoid the implication that the universe had a beginning. Perhaps the most vocal adversary of the idea that the universe had a beginning was British astronomer Sir Frederick Hoyle, who sarcastically nicknamed the creation event a “big bang”. He stubbornly held to his steady state theory that the universe had always existed. So did Einstein and other scientists until the evidence for the beginning became overwhelming.

Then finally, in 1992, the COBE satellite experiments proved that the universe really did a one-time beginning in an incredible flash of light and energy. Although some scientists called it the moment of creation, most preferred referring to it as the “big bang”. Astronomer Robert Jastow tries to help us imagine how it all began.

“The picture suggest the explosion of a cosmic hydrogen bomb. The instant in which the cosmic bomb exploded marked the birth of universe”.

The conclusion is everything in the universe came from nothing.

Science is unable to tell us what or who cause the universe to begin. But some it believe clearly points to a Creator. Many scientists from which some were agnostics claim that the only explanation for the big bang to happen was by the mighty hand of divine power, God.

Cosmologists, who specialize in the study of universe and its origin, soon realized that a chance cosmic explosion could never bring about life any more than a nuclear bomb would unless it was precisely engineered to do so. And that meant a designer must have planned it. They began using words like, “Creator”, “Super-intellect”, and even “Supreme Being” to describe this designer.

THE UNIVERSE IS FINELY-TUNED FOR LIFE

Physicists calculated that for life to exist, gravity and other laws of physics that govern our universe needed to be intricately tuned just right or our universe couldn’t exist. For instance, did you know that if the expansion rate of the universe has been slightly weaker, gravity would have pulled all matter back into a “big crunch”. Stephen Hawking writes: “If the rate of expansion one second after the big bang had been smaller by even one part in a hundred thousand-million-million, the universe would have re-collapsed before it ever reached its present size”. On the flip side, if the expansion rate had been a mere fraction greater than it was, all galaxies, stars, and planets could never have formed, and we wouldn’t be there.  

And for life to exist, the conditions in our solar system and our own planet, also need to be just right. For example we all realize that without atmosphere of oxygen, none of us will be able to breathe. And without oxygen, water couldn’t exist. Without water there would be no rainfall for our crops. Other elements such as calcium, hydrogen, nitrogen, sodium, carbon, and phosphorus are also essential for life. But that alone is not all that is needed for life to exist.

The size, temperature, relative proximity, and chemical makeup of our planet, sun, and moon also need just to be right. And there a dozen of other conditions that just need to be right. Scientist who believed in God may have expected such a fine-tuning, but atheist and agnostics were unable to explain the remarkable “coincidences”.

THE UNIVERSE: ACCIDENT OR MIRACLE?

What are the odds against human life existing by chance from a random explosion in cosmic history? For human life to be possible from a big bang utterly defines the laws of probability.

One astronomer calculate the odds at less than one chance in a trillion-trillion-trillion-trillion-trillion… In other words, it will be far easier for a blind-folded person in one try to discover one specially marked grain of sand out of all the beaches in the world. The odds of one random big bang producing life as we know it would be like one person winning over a thousand consecutive mega-million dollar lotteries after purchasing only a single ticket for each. Not likely? Really quite impossible. So, many scientists concluded: Someone behind the scenes designed and created the universe. But, there are others who still are searching other explanations for the existence of our universe.

DNA: THE LANGUAGE OF LIFE

As recent as 1953, Molecular biologists discovered intricately complex design in the microscopic world of DNA. This tiny molecule has been called the “brains” of each cell in our bodies as well as every other living thing. Yet the more they discover about DNA, the more amazed they are at the brilliance behind it. Scientists who believe that the material world is all the exists, like Richard Dawkins, argue DNA evolved by natural selection without a Creator. Yet even most ardent evolutionists admit that the origin of the DNA’s intricate complexity is unexplainable. DNA’s intricate complexity caused its co-discover, Francis Crick, to believe that it could never have originated on earth naturally. He believed that life is too complex to have originate on earth , and must have come from outer space. The coding behind DNA reveals such intelligence that it staggers the imagination. A mere pinhead volume of DNA contains information equivalent to a stack of paperback books that would encircle the world 5,000 times. And DNA operates like language with its own extremely complex software code.

In the early 21st century, noted atheist, Antony Flew’s life-long unbelief came to an abrupt and even studied the remarkable intelligence behind DNA. Flew explained what change his position:

“What I think the DNA material has done is to show that intelligence must have been involved in getting these extraordinary diverse elements together. The enormous complexity by which the results were achieved look to me like the work of intelligence… It now seems to me that the finding of more than fifty years of DNA research have provided materials for a new and enormously powerful argument to design”.

THE LIFE AND THE UNIVERSE HAVE THE FINGERPRINTS OF A CREATOR

Are scientists now convinced that a Creator has left his “fingerprints” on the universe? Although many scientists are still bent on squeezing God out of the universe, most recognize the religious implications of these new discoveries.

SO, WHAT IF, AFTER ALL THERE IS A CREATOR?

If there is a super-intelligent Creator, the question arises, what is he like? Is he just some “Cosmic Force” like in Star Wars, or is he a personal being like us? Since we are personal and relational beings, wouldn’t the one who created us also be personal and relational?

Many scientists such as Arthur L. Schawlow, Professor at Stanford University, and Nobel Prize winner in Physics, believes that these new discoveries prove compelling evidence for a personal God. He writes: “It seems to me that when confronted with the marvels of life and the universe, one must ask why and not just how. The only possible answers are religious… I find a need for God in the universe and in my own life”.

If God is personal and since He has given us the ability to communicate, wouldn’t we expect him to communicate with us and let us know why we are here? As we seen, science is unable to answer questions about God and the purpose of life. However, since the Bible was right about creation from nothing, might it also be trustworthy regarding God, life and purpose?

THE MAN WHO CHANGED THE WORLD

Two thousand years ago, a man set foot on our planet who claimed to have the answer to life. Although his life on earth was brief, his impact changed the world, and is still felt today. His name is Jesus Christ.

The eyewitnesses to Jesus Christ tell us that he continually demonstrated creative power over nature’s laws. They tell us he was wise, humble, and compassionate. They also tell us that Jesus Christ is the one who flung the stars into space, fine-tuned our universe, and created DNA.

Could he be the one of whom Einstein unknowing referred to us as “super-intelligence” behind the universe? Has the mystery of who is responsible for creating the universe and the intelligence behind DNA have been revealed in the New Testament?

Jesus spoke with authority about God’s love for us and the reason he created us. He said that he has a plan for our life, and that plan centers on a relationship with him. But for that relationship to be possible, Jesus had to die on the cross for our sins. And it was necessary for him to raise from the dead, so that we could too have a life after death. As the Creator, Jesus certainly would have power over life and death. Those closest to him claim that they saw him alive after he died and was buried for three days. If they were wrong, then Christianity has been founded upon a lie. But, if they were right, such a miracle, would substantiate all Jesus said about God, himself, and us.

What do you think?

RELATED ARTICLES

• World Renowed Scientist Claims To Have Found Definitive PROOF That GOD Exists!
• Renowned Physicist finds PROOF God exists  

{ http://www.disclose.tv/ }

SUPER MOON OF 2017 DAZZLED STARGAZERS IN NORTHERN HEMISPHERE

The rare one of a kind lunar spectacle hypnotized stargazers and astronomy enthusiasts. The Moon appeared 14 times larger and 30 times brighter than usual. Moon was at it's closest approach to the earth as possible in it's elliptical orbit around earth. Researchers claims the increased gravitational force on Earth from Moon could trigger major earthquake in land or ocean at or around the time of full moon as happened in the past  

There is a positive correlation between super moon and catastrophic earthquakes occurred in Earth's history. However most scientist are of opinion that the risk of tectonic plate movement is negligible.

Seafaring vessels remain on alert as sea level is expected to rise 50cms when astronomical forces align. The difference between high tide and low tide will be significant. Environmental agency is monitoring the situation closely alongside metrological office and local authorities and will issue flood alert and warnings if required.  

The next super moon will occur in November of 2034.

RELATED ARTICLES

• Spring On Mars: Snowy Dunes On Northern Hemisphere
• Reports: Russian infantry tanks beginning to enter Syria at northern border  

{ http://www.disclose.tv/ }

2 MORE WHISTLEBLOWERS DIVULGE INVOLVEMENT IN SECRET SPACE PROGRAM

According to a new report by an insider claiming to have worked with several US secret space programs, the complexity of the programs, technologies, and their dynamic interrelationships is far greater and more complex than anything previously revealed.

SPACE BATTLE TAKING PLACE RIGHT ABOVE OUR HEADS?

 20 and Back is the standard phrase use to describe the tour of duty undergone by recruits into the SSP (Secret Space Program). The term 20 and back refers to the 20 year commitment that these military men and women make when they sign up to go into space — or the amount of time they are forced to serve as slaves.

There are many indications that there really is a Secret Space Program, though some of these confirmations seem too extraordinary to be true.

There are even those who say that there is a space battle taking place right above our heads, as can be seen in the article below. But maybe believing that is pushing the limits of imagination a little too much ... or not:  

PROOF THE SOLAR WARDEN SECRET SPACE PROJECT IS REAL

THE SECRET SPACE PROGRAMS SHOCKING TRUE PURPOSE REVEALED

RELATED ARTICLES

• Egyptian archaeologist appears to confirm a theory of alien involvement in the construction of the pyramids
• Academic claims CIA involvement in 9/11  

{ http://www.disclose.tv/ }

TR-3B UFO FILMED IN RUSSIA - BEST EVIDENCE YET

Recently A TR-3B UFO type of aircraft was filmed in Saint Petersburg in Russia.The object was moving at an extremely low spe

Any know aircraft flying at this speed would fall to the ground. This object was defying any known laws of gravity as it was flying through the skies of Sint Petersburg.

WATCH THE FOOTAGE FOR YOURSELF:  

At a sudden point in time, one of the main propulsion engines fails, and the object is forced to continue its journey without one of its main thrusting units.  

The object manages to stay afloat and heads towards its main trajectory... This object shows a lot of similarities of a TR-3B. This mysterious aircraft has been spotted all over the world.

Is this object of this world? It continues to famous the world with its impossible moves, and it's mysterious lights. The T3-3B continues to amaze the world, but its technology could be already influencing it's goal... earth...

RELATED ARTICLES

• Cameraman filmed mysterious cloud in the skies over Russia
• "It was a bolide, which is known as a very bright" />Wow! Blazing Meteorite Filmed In The Sky Above Russia's Arkhangelsk  

{ http://www.disclose.tv/ }

ERIDU, THE FIRST CITY ON EARTH WHERE THE SUMERIAN KINGS "FROM HEAVEN" RULED

For the Sumerians Eridu was an important place because it was there where royalty "descended from heaven" as they claim and was the first settlement on which a centralized state was instituted.

Most likely, in Sumerian times, the city would be linked to the estuary by means of canals and according to the Babylonian epics, it would have been the first city created in the world:

NO ROW HAS BEEN GROWN

NO TREE WAS CREATED

NOT A HOUSE HAS BEEN MADE  

NO CITY MADE

AND THE LANDS WERE SEA

WHEN ERIDU WAS CREATED.

ERIDU WAS THE SOUTHERNMOST CITY OF THE CONGLOMERATE OF MESOPOTAMIA AND IMPORTANT CENTER OF WORSHIP TO THE WATER GOD, ENKI. ACCORDING TO THE SUMERIAN TRADITION ERIDU WAS THE OLDEST OF THE CITIES OF MESOPOTAMIA, IN WHOSE LOCATION THE GOD MARDUK HAD CREATED THE WORLD. THE ANTIQUITY OF THE CITY WAS DEMONSTRATED BY THE ARCHAEOLOGISTS THROUGHOUT CENTURY XX, HAVING BEEN DATED THE LOWER LEVELS OF THE EXCAVATION AROUND THE 4900 A. C., AT THE BEGINNING OF THE PERIOD OF EL OBEID.  

RELATED ARTICLES

• Ancient Sumerian Writings Reveal The Earth Was Ruled By Eight Immortal Kings For 241,200 Years
• Sumerian Reality King List unveiled: 8 immortal LORDS ruled Earth for  

{ http://www.disclose.tv/ }

Tired of politicians that act like robots? Do you feel you’d be better served by robots that act like politicians? Or better yet, robots that use artificial intelligence instead of whatever politicians these days are using for brains?

“There is a lot of bias in the ‘analogue’ practice of politics right now. There seems to be so much existing bias that countries around the world seem unable to address fundamental and multiple complex issues like climate change and equality.”

That’s the kind of dystopian thinking that inspired New Zealand entrepreneur Nick Gerritsen to develop SAM, the world’s first artificial intelligence politician. According to its (no gender or sexual-orientation politics to deal with here) website, SAM is “driven by the desire to close the gap between what voters want and what politicians promise, and what they actually achieve.” Sounding very much like a flesh-and-blood pol, SAM also has these things to say:

“I make decisions based on both facts and opinions, but I will never knowingly tell a lie, or misrepresent information.”

And …

“I will change over time to reflect the issues that the people of New Zealand care about most. My positions will evolve as more of you add your voice, to better reflect the views of New Zealanders.”

I want your vote!

SAM’s creator, Nick Gerritsen, calls himself “a business catalyst, investor and impact entrepreneur operating within an extensive network in the global innovation and capital markets.” Now THAT sounds more like a politician but he’s actually an intellectual properties lawyer and the founder of Crispstart, a startup angel that is currently involved with projects involving renewable energy, clean technology and the internet. If SAM is anything like its creator, it sounds like it leans left, right?

“We’ve seen in the US, UK, and Spain recently […] that politicians may be wildly out of touch with what people actually think and want. Perhaps it’s time to see whether technology can produce better results for the people than politicians. The technology we propose would be better than traditional polling because it would be like having a continuous conversation – and it could give the ‘silent majority’ a voice.”

In an interview with Tech in Asia, Gerritsen sounds like the populist people want instead of the ones they get. But what about SAM? Unfortunately, its platform is not as advanced as Gerritsen’s but at least it admits it and is working on it. Potential voters and possible future constituents can talk to and question SAM via Facebook Messenger. This interaction, along with a survey on its Facebook page, feeds and develops SAM’s artificial intelligence algorithm.

Is voting for a robot any better than this?

Is this a novelty or can SAM really run for political office in New Zealand’s 2020 elections? Unfortunately, it’s not legal … yet. However, it could tell real politicians what the public really wants.

Given the chance, would you vote for SAM? If elected, would you support SAM’s policies even if you disagreed with them? If SAM violated the constitution, would you impeach it?

Would SAM let you?

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

Mars is looking more habitable all the time. Well you know, aside from the lethal atmosphere. And the cosmic radiation Martian colonists would be subjected to along the way. And the general soul-crushing inhospitality of the planet itself. Aside from all that, though, Mars would make a pretty sweet new place for us to build all the great stuff we have on Earth: endless parking lots, landfills full of old iPhones, privately-owned prisons, and of course Starbucks franchises. Lots of Starbucks franchises. Is the colonization of Mars realistically possible in our lifetime, though?

Home sweet home.

Getting there isn’t the problem; we already have the rocket technology to get us well past Mars. The question lies in the ability of colonists to actually sustain themselves once safely on the Martian surface. Luckily, several studies published over the past year have given hope to the starry-eyed visionarieswho believe we are on the verge of being able to colonize the Red Planet. First, an experiment concluded that potatoes can grow in simulated Martian soil under high-pressure, low-oxygen conditions, lending hope that the starchy staple crop could be grown by Mars colonists.

Mars might not have oxygen, but it’s got a whole lotta dirt.

Another study by a team of Dutch scientists found that crops grown in (simulated) Martian soil are safe to eat. Now, a new crowdfunded study by those same scientists at Wageningen University & Research in the Netherlands claims that earthworms can survive and even reproduce in Martian soil. If confirmed, this could mean that farming on Mars could indeed be a reality.

Researcher Wieger Wamelink inspects crops grown in simulated Martian soil.

Earthworms provide vital services for soil, helping to aerate soil and break down decaying plant matter into nutrients. While the experiment found that the worms can survive in the soil, worms on Mars will still need to be shielded from the cold and the low atmospheric pressure. Another complicating factor is that due to the lack of wind and water on Mars, grains of Martian soil are much sharper than those on Earth and can harm the worms’ bodies and digestive tracts. These problems could be overcome with proper treatment of the soil and enclosures, however. If these studies are confirmed and Martian soil is found to be capable of actually growing crops and sustaining microbes and worms, the possibility of extending humankind to the fourth rock from the Sun seems just a little closer than it did before. Baby steps, earthlings. Baby steps.

{ http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }