The Latest on Skinwalker Ranch, Nick Pope's Experience "Storming" Area 51 & More - Alien Con Dallas 2019

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Heart Shaped UFO Seen In 1969 Apollo Mission Photo! UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: May 1969
Location of sighting: Earths orbit
Source 1: 

• https://history.nasa.gov/afj/ap10fj/photos/34-m/hr/as10-34-5009.jpg
  

Source 2: 

• https://history.nasa.gov/afj/ap10fj/photos/34-m/hr/as10-34-5010.jpg
  
  

Here is an extraordinary UFO in the shape of a black heart found in an old Apollo photo. The UFO was discovered by Youtuber Terrys Theories, who finds some extraordinary eye popping UFOs. Back in 1969 it was a lot harder for them to edit these UFOs out, compounded with the fact that they probably were not even trained to look for them. Apollo evidence cannot be ignored. 
Scott Waring 

Terrys Theories States: 

I found some strange objects in Apollo 10 photos in what appears to be in a low Earth orbit. The Apollo 10 mission launched on May 18th 1969 it had a three man crew Thomas P. Stafford Commander, John W. Young Command Module Pilot and Eugene A. Cernan. The mission was a dress rehearsal for the Apollo 11 mission to land on the moon.The crew of Apollo 10 had to go through all the procedures and test all the equipment for the upcoming Apollo 11 mission they did everything except for landing on the moon.

{ https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

Ancient Casket Found On Mars, Oct 2019, UFO Sighting News.

• http://www.gigapan.com/gigapans/218134

{ https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

Archivist delighted to comb through mountain of late UFO researcher's records

Stanton Friedman, who died in May, donated vast collection of research to provincial archives

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Snake-like UFO seen over Florida ‘is hybrid air, land and sea craft run by USAF’

EXCLUSIVE: A professor has claimed the mystery object seen above Orlando is part of a "covert fleet" being created for the Space Force

By Simon Green Video News Editor

A cigar-shaped UFO similar to numerous mysterious objects seen in the US in recent months has been spotted above Orlando – and a professor thinks he knows what it is.

Daily Star Online has revealed several baffling clips of the UFOs – which have also been described as snake-like – popping up in all parts of the country since June.

The first sighting was recorded over the Mojave Desert, before similar objects were seen in Wyoming , New York and Washington.

This site previously revealed how the US government could be silently monitoring them.

But now, an expert in the field has offered a new suggestion of what they could be after posting new footage of a sighting.

READ MORE

• UFO-like helicopter dubbed 'Super Great White Shark' unleashed by China

The clip shows a glowing elongated object slowly move across the overcast sky in Orlando, Florida.

After several moments it disappears behind the treeline.

READ MORE

UFOs, Aliens And Outer Space

 'Triangular carft' seen above Texas

  Pilot: Dark mass swallowed torpedo

   Object floats past ISS

  'Death Star' seen above NYC
 

 'Alien portal' ring appears in sky

  Snake-like UFO returns
 

  ISS spots 'Space Force' ship

 

 UFO parked' on moon

Dr Michael Salla – who posted the clip to YouTube last month – says in the clip: “It is very clearly a cigar-shaped craft.

“There are no wings, no tails so it is a cigar-shaped craft, a UFO.”

He was sent the footage by an unnamed source, who has been releasing UFO videos in the area since 2008.

Dr Salla – an Assistant Professor in the School of International Service at American University, Washington DC – told this site he believes the craft is linked to the military's Space Force.

“I believe it is a hybrid air, sea, space vehicle developed by a major US corporation for a USAF-run secret space program,” he explained.

“There is a military connection since the photographer, JP, says he has been encouraged to take photos of other UFOs which are part of a USAF secret space program, some of which he has been aboard.

“I believe the illuminated craft in the video is part of a covert fleet of electromagnetically propelled spacecraft that have been secretly developed by the USAF that will be unveiled as part of the soon to be created US Space Force.”

The 61-year-old – who also runs conspiracy website exopolitics.org – went on to say the purpose of such craft was to both "establish a strategic military advantage over other nations" and "protect Earth from alien attacks".

"Elected Government representatives know very little about these secret space programs developed by their respective militaries and other major world powers," he continued.

"In the US only a few very senior members of Congress are briefed, and even the President is kept out of the loop of many of these programs."

{ https://www.dailystar.co.uk/ }

BIZARRE 'MOLD PIGS' TRAPPED IN 30-MILLION-YEAR-OLD AMBER ARE AN ENTIRELY NEW FAMILY OF ANIMALS

Researchers have identified microscopic ancient creatures—dubbed "mold pigs"—in 30-million-year-old amber which represent not only a new species, but an entirely new family of invertebrates—animals without backbones.

These tiny creatures are said to share some characteristics with mites and tardigrades, but are unlike anything seen before, leaving experts to believe they have found a new creature

George Poinar Jr. from Oregon State University and Diane Nelson of East Tennessee State University discovered several hundred individuals in amber which was found in the Dominican Republic, according to a study published in the journal Invertebrate Biology.

The pair described the animals as "mold pigs" due to the fact that they bear a resemblance to true pigs and consumed mold.

In scientific terms, they have been described as Sialomorpha dominicana. The first part of this name derives from the Greek words for fat hog ("sialos") and shape ("morphe") while the second part refers to the country in which the amber was found.

"Every now and then we'll find small, fragile, previously unknown fossil invertebrates in specialized habitats," Poinar said in a statement. "And occasionally, as in the present case, a fragment of the original habitat from millions of years ago is preserved too."

The mold pigs would have lived in warm, moist habitats alongside pseudoscorpions, fungi, roundworms and protozoa—single-celled organisms.

Tardigrades, also known as water bears, are said to be the most indestructible animals in the world.

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The creatures—which are invisible to the naked eye—look like similar to modern tardigrades, which are known for their extreme survival abilities. However, the two animals are not closely related.

"The mold pigs can't be placed in any group of currently existing invertebrates—they share characteristics with both tardigrades, sometimes referred to as water bears or moss pigs, and mites but clearly belong to neither group," he said.

The mold pigs measured around 100 micrometers long—about as thick as a human hair. They had flexible heads and four pairs of legs. Most of the time, they ate mold—a type of fungus—although they may have also preyed on other tiny invertebrates. To grow, they shed their exoskeleton, according to the researchers.

"No claws are present at the end of their legs as they are with tardigrades and mites," Poinar said. "Based on what we know about extant and extinct microinvertebrates, S. dominicana appears to represent a new phylum.

"They appear to be hermaphroditic since no males were found among the several hundred specimens in the amber," he told Newsweek. "The eggs hatch inside the females rather than in the environment."

Despite the fact that the researchers were able to learn a lot about the mold pigs due to the high number of fossils they found, there is still a lot to learn about the animals, they say.

"The structure and developmental patterns of these fossils illustrate a time period when certain traits appeared among these types of animals. But we don't know when the Sialomorpha lineage originated, how long it lasted, or whether there are descendants living today," Poinar said.

Fossils preserved in Dominican amber reveal a new family, genus and species of microinvertebrate, a discovery that shows unique lineages of the tiny creatures were living 30 million years ago. GEORGE POINAR JR.

WHAT ARE TARDIGRADES?

Tardigrades, also known as water bears, are said to be the most indestructible animals in the world.

These small, segmented creatures come in many forms - there are more than 900 species of them - and they're found everywhere in the world, from the highest mountains to the deepest oceans.

They have eight legs (four pairs) and each leg has four to eight claws that resemble the claws of a bear.

Boil the 1mm creatures, freeze them, dry them, expose them to radiation and they're so resilient they'll still be alive 200 years later.

An illustration of a tardigrade (water bear) is pictured 

Water bears can live through temperatures as low as -457 degrees, heat as high as 357 degrees, and 5,700 grays of radiation, when 10-20 grays would kill humans and most other animals.

Tardigrades have been around for 530 million years and outlived the dinosaurs.

The animals can also live for a decade without water and even survive in space.

Aliens DO exist and we are not alone in the universe, says Britain’s former top spook

Brilliant Midnight Fireball Lights Up Sky Over Northeast China

Alien Life Might 'Think' More Like an Octopus Than a Human

By Mindy Weisberger 

The giant Pacific octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini) investigates its environment with arms that "think" for themselves.

(Image: © Dominic Sivitilli)

When an octopus coils one of its flexible arms around a rock or a bit of food, it's not because the animal's brain said, "Pick that up." Rather, the arm decides for itself what it's going to do next. For a person, that would be like having one's big toe call the shots about where they're going to walk.

But a cephalopod's nervous system isn't wired like a human's — or like the systems found in any other vertebrates, for that matter, where a central brain broadcasts marching orders to the rest of the body. Instead, octopus limbs are studded with concentrations of neurons called ganglia; these "arm brains" can therefore operate independently of the central brain.

In fact, scientists who recently visualized progressive movement in octopus arms discovered that the animal's central brain is hardly involved at all; they presented their findings June 26 at the 2019 Astrobiology Science Conference. [8 Crazy Facts About Octopuses]

The researchers used a camera and behavioral-tracking software to model how an octopus perceives and then processes information about its environment using its arms, Dominic Sivitilli, a graduate student in behavioral neuroscience and astrobiology at the University of Washington in Seattle, explained during the presentation.

"What we're looking at, more than what's been looked at in the past, is how sensory information is being integrated in this network while the animal is making complicated decisions," Sivitilli said in a statement.

An octopus's arm movement begins far away from the brain, triggered by sensors in a groping arm sucker feeling around on the seafloor or in an aquarium. Each sucker contains tens of thousands of chemical and mechanical receptors; to put that into perspective, a human fingertip holds just a few hundred mechanical receptors, Sivitilli said.

When an octopus touches something interesting, the "brain" in its arms processes the input and moves the signal along, telling the arm what to do next. Signals generated by one sucker are passed to its closest neighbor, activating arm muscles and generating a sweeping wave of motion that travels up the arm toward the body, the researchers discovered. While the arms are actively engaging with the environment — and with each other — the signal that reaches the animal's central brain is "highly abstracted" and not directly involved with arm interactions, Sivitilli explained.

Essentially, octopuses "outsource" computation about how to move their bodies, assigning those actions to local controls — ganglia — in each arm, rather than relying on the central brain to tell the arms what to do, Sivitilli said in the presentation.

"In a way, the octopus has sent its mind out into the environment to meet it halfway," he added.

But wait, you might be thinking — why are scientists talking about octopuses at an astrobiology conference? What does this have to do with extraterrestrial life? (And no, it's not because octopuses are really space aliens, as another group of researchers claimed in 2018.)

Octopuses are thought to be highly intelligent, yet their workarounds for perceiving and interacting with the world around them differ dramatically from techniques that evolved in intelligent vertebrates. Octopus cognition could therefore serve as an important alternative model for understanding intelligence, and it could prepare experts for recognizing unusual expressions of intelligent life that originated on other worlds, Sivitilli said in the statement.

"It gives us an understanding as to the diversity of cognition in the world," Sivitilli said. "And perhaps the universe."

• Photos: Ghostly Dumbo Octopus Dances In the Deep Sea
• In Photos: Amazing 'Octomom' Protects Eggs for 4.5 Years
• Octlantis: See Photos of Tight-Knit Gloomy Octopus Communities

Originally published on Live Science.

{ https://www.livescience.com/ }

Evolution upside down: did aliens leave Earth 20,000 years ago and are they our ancestors?

People who claim to have had contact with extraterrestrials often report that they have gained insight into the future of Earth from foreign visitors. They presented holographic images of our planet and explained that the future was variable because there are different timelines.

Let’s start with the possibility that the foreign visitors actually once lived on earth in the bygone days, we would be in some ways their descendants and the foreign visitors our ancestors, who are concerned about the development on earth, because the Earth, in a sense, also belongs to them or has once heard.

Phenomena such as time travel, incarnation and extraterrestrials are still three great puzzles of our present, which we can not clarify only because we still lack the necessary higher consciousness. From Frank Schwede.

So if you are looking for answers, you should first start with yourself and find out who he is and make a journey to your own self, because this kind of journey is a journey through the history of the universe and to the origin of the earth.

The necessary information can be found in our subconscious, in our soul DNA, which we have access to under hypnosis. But also often occurring in repetition dreams, which lead us to certain places, can be clues from the past.

{ https://www.soulask.com/ } 

‘Not of this earth’ Did ALIENS make daggers found in Tutankhamun’s tomb?

IRON daggers found in the tomb of ancient Egyptian Pharoah Tutankhaman which have baffled scientists for generations are made from metal “not from this earth” – sparking suggestions they could have been made using alien technology.

Electronic E.T.: Intelligent Aliens Are Likely Machines

Buzz Aldrin: We were ordered away from the moon

It sounds like a science fiction script for an upcoming movie about NASA, Astronauts, and aliens on the moon. However, according to several reports, and alleged transcripts between the command center and Apollo astronauts on the moon, mankind encountered otherworldly technology upon setting foot on the lunar surface.

Interesting details about what astronauts may have encountered on the Moon comes from an interview with an unnamed Professor and Neil Armstrong at a NASA symposium:

Professor: What really happened out there with Apollo 11?

Armstrong: It was incredible … of course, we had always known there was a possibility … the fact is, we were warned off. There was never any questions then of a space station or a moon city.

Professor: How do you mean “warned off”?

Armstrong: I can’t go into details, except to say that their ships were far superior to ours both in size and technology – Boy, where they big! … and menacing … No, there is no question of a space station.

Professor: But NASA had other missions after Apollo 11?

Armstrong: Naturally – NASA was committed at that time, and couldn’t risk a panic on earth…. But it really was a quick scoop and back again. (Above Top Secret, p. 186)

Is it possible that Apollo astronauts actually encountered alien beings and UFOs while exploring the lunar surface?

There are a lot of reports, interviews, and documents that suggest it’s possible.

In fact, according to Dr. Vladimir Azhazha, a physicist, and Professor of Mathematics at Moscow University:

“Neil Armstrong relayed the message to Mission Control that two large, mysterious objects were watching them after having landed near the moon module. But his message was never heard by the public – because NASA censored it.” (Above Top Secret,p. 384)

According to numerous sources, Armstrong claimed that there was an alien presence on the moon, and astronauts were ORDERED away.

Reports indicate that Apollo astronauts stumbled across numerous ‘shops’ and structures on the moon which were obviously not man-made. Many UFOlogists claim that Buzz Aldrin even filmed the strange structures and all of the details were reported back to mission control, which deliberately ‘censored’ the information in order to prevent chaos and panic among the general population.

Neil Armstrong's sighting on the moon, "they're watching us"

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Has CCTV Recorded a Real Man in Black? Just look at this video!

This video was brought to our attention by a man who claims to be working as a security guard in an area of Alaska.

The man claims that he managed to record something extremely fascinating on the surveillance cameras.

It is about Men in Black. Men in Black are known for their bizarre and sometimes violent ways in which they silence people who have witnessed strange happenings.

If you watch carefully the original video at the end of the article you will have a lot of questions.

Where did the man go? And especially, what was on the camera that he gave to the sinister Men in Black?

Watch the original footage and tell us your opinion:

other video - peter2011

{ https://alienblog.net/  }

Black Mass Alien Craft Makes Navy’s Torpedo Disappear

CIRCA 1999 ……OFF THE COAST OF SAN DIEGO

Former US Navy pilot David Fravor has revealed a previously undisclosed UFO incident from the 1990s. By now the story of the ‘Tic Tac’ UFO spotted by fighter pilots during training exercises off the coast of San Diego in 2004 is well known, with footage reportedly recorded during the incident being declared authentic by US Navy officials as recently as last month.

What isn’t so well documented however is another incident that happened a few years beforehand.

In a recent radio interview, former US Navy pilot Commander David Fravor described an encounter experienced by another pilot who was tasked with retrieving BQM aerial target drones and submarine telemetry torpedoes from the water.

The pilot reported a “kind of dark mass coming up from the depths” which quickly disappeared.

“As they hoist the BQM up, he’s looking at this thing going, ‘What the hell is that?’” said Fravor. “And then it just goes back down underwater. Once they pull the kid and the BQM out of the water, this object descends back into the depths.”

According to Fravor, another very similar incident happened a few months later.

“He’s out picking up a torpedo, they hook the diver up on the winch, and as they’re lowering him down, he sees this big mass,” said Fravor. “He goes, ‘It’s not a submarine’. He’s seen submarines before. Once you’ve seen a submarine you can’t confuse it with something else. “

“This big object, kind of circular, is coming up from the depths and he starts screaming through the intercom system to tell them to pull the diver up, and the diver’s only a few feet from the water.”

“They reverse the winch and the diver’s thinking, ‘What the hell is going on?’ And all of a sudden he said the torpedo just got sucked down underwater, and the object just descended back down into the depths.

Retired US Navy pilot commander David Fravor first came forward in a bombshell New York Times article in December 2017, describing how his squadron witnessed a 747-sized object just under the surface of the water during training exercises in the Pacific Ocean, 160km off the coast of San Diego.

Hovering just over the surface of the water above the submerged object was a 12-metre-long “Tic Tac-looking object” moving erratically “forward, back, left, right”. Cdr Fravor attempted to intercept the object, but it shot away at incredible speed.

On a subsequent flight, another member of his squadron managed to film one of the objects using the plane’s infra-red targeting camera after its radar systems were jammed — which Cdr Fravor noted was “technically an act of war”. Advertisement A

The now-famous footage was acquired by former Pentagon official Luis Elizondo and released along with two other videos by To The Stars Academy, a UFO research organisation founded by Blink-182 rocker Tom DeLonge.

The circumstances around the release of the footage has been the subject of intense controversy over the past two years, but the US Navy last month confirmed for the first time that it considered the “phenomena” depicted in the three videos “unidentified”.

Appearing on the popular Joe Rogan Experience podcast on Saturday in his first major interview since the Navy’s official acknowledgment of the videos, Cdr Fravor discussed his sighting and also revealed how other pilots had “come out of the woodwork” to tell him their own encounters.

“They don’t feel alone,” he said. “One of the guys was a Navy helicopter pilot. He was flying a CH-53, a big heavy-lifter the Marine Corps uses for certain things. Off the East Coast they do a lot of shooting, at the time it was off Puerto Rico.”

Cdr Fravor said the helicopter pilot’s job at the time of the incident in the “mid to late ’90s” included retrieving BQM aerial target drones, which deploy a parachute and fall into the ocean, as well as submarine telemetry torpedoes that collect data before blowing ballast and floating to the surface.

“The helo drops a swimmer in the water, he hooks the whole thing up and they fly back. The first time they were out and they were going to pick up a BQM, he’s sitting in the front — in the CH-53 you can see down by your feet — and as he’s looking down, they’re 50 feet (15 metres) above the water, he sees this kind of dark mass coming up from the depths,” he said.

“As they hoist the BQM up, he’s looking at this thing going, ‘What the hell is that?’ And then it just goes back down underwater. Once they pull the kid and the BQM out of the water, this object descends back into the depths.”

The pilot thought the incident was “pretty weird”, according to Cdr Fravor. Then a few months later, it happened again. “He’s out picking up a torpedo, they hook the diver up on the winch, and as they’re lowering him down, he sees this big mass,” he said.

“He goes, ‘It’s not a submarine’. He’s seen submarines before. Once you’ve seen a submarine you can’t confuse it with something else. This big object, kind of circular, is coming up from the depths and he starts screaming through the intercom system to tell them to pull the diver up, and the diver’s only a few feet from the water.”

He continued, “They reverse the winch and the diver’s thinking, ‘What the hell is going on?’ And all of a sudden he said the torpedo just got sucked down underwater, and the object just descended back down into the depths. They never recovered it.”

Cdr Fravor said the helicopter pilot was adamant the torpedo “didn’t sink” but “literally looked like it got sucked down”. He said the pilot spoke to The New York Times about the incident ahead of the 2017 story but “they wanted something newer”.

Cdr Fravor marvelled at the technology displayed by the objects, up to a dozen of which had been tracked by the USS Princeton’s radar systems in the week prior to his squadron’s sighting.

“They would come down from above 80,000 feet (24,380 metres), drop down to about 20,000 feet (6100 metres). They’d hang out then go straight back up after about three or four hours,” he said.

“Just think of the physics — 80,000 feet is where you can start to see the curvature of the Earth. It’s considered space, they’re coming from above that. (Elon Musk’s) SpaceX is really excited because they can launch a rocket, have a booster come back to Earth and actually land on a pad. It’s a very impressive engineering feat. Next to this technology, that’s like a Model T next to a Porsche.”

Cdr Fravor said he was speculating but suspected the objects were somehow “manipulating the gravity field and just moving through a void”. “You could in theory fly, go into the ocean, cruise around, pop back up, fly around, go to space. You remove the barriers of the normal propulsion we have today,” he said.

Last week, Mr Elizondo claimed that TTSA had obtained physical evidence that could be from UFOs. “Our company over the last year and a half has actually obtained quite a bit of material,” he told Fox News. “Some of that material — its providence is frankly hearsay, while other providence of some of this material has been substantiated.”

NOTE: The above image is CGI.

KEN PFEIFER WORLD UFO PHOTOS AND NEWS

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• HTTP://WWW.WORLDUFOPHOTOSANDNEWS.ORG
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• Thanks to https://www.phantomsandmonsters.com

Source: 

• http://worldufophotosandnews.org/?p=25057

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Alien Structures On Venus Seen Close Up, UFO Sighting News.

Date of discovery: Oct 12, 2019
Location of discovery: Venus 
Source photo: 

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus#/media/File:Venus_globe.jpg
  

I was looking for decent photos of Venus and found this incredible full planet view. The photo is on the Wikipeadia and has detail that is of the surface structures. Normally the clouds over Venus prevent us from seeing its surface, but now I'm going to show you the alien structures that NASA doesn't want you to see. Watch my video and tell me your thoughts. Some of these structures are bigger than the US state of Texas! This is 100% proof that aliens exist on our neighboring planet. 
Scott C. Waring

{ https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

SEARCHING FOR ARTIFACTS OF ANCIENT TECHNOLOGICAL SPECIES IN OUR OWN SOLAR SYSTEM

Since its birth around a half century ago, SETI has largely focused on looking for alien civilisations beyond our own solar system, searching for radio signals from prominent or nearby stars. But what if there were earlier technological civilisations in our own solar system, or even here on Earth?

That’s the question explored in a new paper posted to arXiv.org (and soon to be published in the International Journal of Astrobiology), “Prior Indigenous Technological Species“, by astronomer Jason T. Wright.

SETI typically focuses on interstellar radio signals or other studies of objects beyond the Solar System, however an alternative search avenue has been appreciated for nearly as long: the search for alien artifacts within the Solar System. This has not only been a topic for science fiction (e.g. 2001: A Space Odyssey) but in the SETI literature. Indeed, the apparent lack of such artifacts has been used as evidence that humanity must be the only spacefaring civilization in the Galaxy (Hart, 1975). Despite Hart’s claim, we can hardly rule out such artifacts in the Solar System, as demonstrated by Freitas (1983a) and Haqq-Misra & Kopparapu (2012).

In these discussions it is assumed, implicitly or explicitly, that the origin of such artifacts would be not just extraterrestrial (Haqq-Misra & Kopparapu, 2012, refer to them as “Non-Terrestrial Artifacts” (NTAs)) but extrasolar. But if such technology were to be discovered, we should consider the possibility that its origin lies within the Solar System, and potentially on Earth.

After all, given that the bodies in the Solar System are at least five orders of magnitude closer than the nearest star system, and given that we know that not only are the ingredients of and conditions for life common in the Solar System, but that one of its planets is known to host complex life, it is perhaps more likely that their origin be local, than that an extraterrestrial species crossed interstellar space and deposited it here. At the very least, the relative probabilities of the two options is unclear.

In this paper, I discuss the possibility for such prior indigenous technological species; by this I mean species that are indigenous to the Solar System, produce technosignatures and/or were spacefaring, and are currently extinct or otherwise absent.

Wright notes that one of the great difficulties in finding evidence for previous technological civilisations in our solar system is simply the passage of time – old stuff disappears. “The Earth is quite efficient, on cosmic timescales, at destroying evidence of technology on its surface,” he notes. “Biodegredation can destroy organic material in a matter of weeks, and weathering and other forms of erosion will destroy most exposed rock and metals on a timescale of centuries to millennia, if human activity does not erase it faster.

Wright points out that, at the very longest, some “large and durable structures, in the right environments” – such as the Giza pyramids – might last for ‘just’ tens of thousands of years. Given complex life has existed on Earth for over 400 million years (40,000 sequential periods of 10,000 years), you see the problem in searching for ‘ancient aliens’. Not least, because, on timescales of hundreds of millions of years “plate tectonics will subduct almost all evidence for technology with the crust it sits upon, erasing it from the surface entirely.

Regardless of those difficulties, where should we look? Wright suggests that Venus – with a thinner atmosphere in the past – and Mars, once covered in water, would be good candidates. And he reminds us that search should also include Earth (though he disavows the topic of ‘ancient aliens’ on his blog). Furthermore, he notes, “while all geological records of prior indigenous technological species might be long destroyed, if the species were spacefaring there may be technological artifacts to be found throughout the Solar system.”

It’s a fascinating hypothetical topic, though it is worth pointing out that Jason Wright is not particularly happy about “all the wrong kind of attention” the paper has received “from the yellow press and the ufologists….it is mortifying…Now excuse me while I answer all these emails from Coast to Coast and ufologists sending me pictures of clouds.”

No doubt his frustration has arisen from the “astronomer says ancient aliens existed in our own solar system” headlines that the paper has generated, with many mis-judging what the words “may” and “is possible” mean, in terms of likelihood of ancient alien civilisations. As Wright says on his blog, he put his paper together…

…not because I think they exist, but because we’re at the point where it should be possible to say for sure that certain types of them didn’t. The end of the paper is all about the things we can do to start drawing some conclusions.

I recommend – as I have to SETI people before – that it might be worth engaging with the ufologists and Forteans, rather than dissing them, as they could be some of your staunchest advocates, even if there is some disagreement over assumptions and conclusions.

Paper:

•  “Prior Indigenous Technological Species“, by astronomer Jason T. Wright.

You might also like:

• Our Alien DNA
• How Long Would It Take for Evidence of Our Civilisation to Disappear?
• Pyramidions of Mars

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Could Elon Musk's Starship Threaten Alien Life?

Leonardo da Vinci 'hid PROOF of aliens' in the Mona Lisa

LEONARDO da Vinci hid proof of ALIENS with secret messages in his paintings, according to conspiracy theorists.

Black Holes Stunt Growth of Dwarf Galaxies

Astronomers at the University of California, Riverside, have discovered that powerful winds driven by supermassive black holes in the centers of dwarf galaxies have a significant impact on the evolution of these galaxies by suppressing star formation.

Credit: SDSS

Dwarf galaxies hosting active galactic nuclei that have spatially extended outflows.

Dwarf galaxies are small galaxies that contain between 100 million to a few billion stars. In contrast, the Milky Way has 200-400 billion stars. Dwarf galaxies are the most abundant galaxy type in the universe and often orbit larger galaxies.

The team of three astronomers was surprised by the strength of the detected winds.

“We expected we would need observations with much higher resolution and sensitivity, and we had planned on obtaining these as a follow-up to our initial observations,” said Gabriela Canalizo, a professor of physics and astronomy at UC Riverside, who led the research team. “But we could see the signs strongly and clearly in the initial observations. The winds were stronger than we had anticipated.”

Canalizo explained that astronomers have suspected for the past couple of decades that supermassive black holes at the centers of large galaxies can have a profound influence on the way large galaxies grow and age.

“Our findings now indicate that their effect can be just as dramatic, if not more dramatic, in dwarf galaxies in the universe,” she said.

Study results appear in The Astrophysical Journal.

The researchers, who also include Laura V. Sales, an assistant professor of physics and astronomy; and Christina M. Manzano-King, a doctoral student in Canalizo’s lab, used a portion of the data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, which maps more than 35% of the sky, to identify 50 dwarf galaxies, 29 of which showed signs of being associated with black holes in their centers. Six of these 29 galaxies showed evidence of winds — specifically, high-velocity ionized gas outflows — emanating from their active black holes.

“Using the Keck telescopes in Hawaii, we were able to not only detect, but also measure specific properties of these winds, such as their kinematics, distribution, and power source — the first time this has been done,” Canalizo said. “We found some evidence that these winds may be changing the rate at which the galaxies are able to form stars.”

Credit: UCR/Stan Lim

From left to right: Laura Sales, Christina Manzano-King, and Gabriela Canalizo.

Manzano-King, the first author of the research paper, explained that many unanswered questions about galaxy evolution can be understood by studying dwarf galaxies.

“Larger galaxies often form when dwarf galaxies merge together,” she said. “Dwarf galaxies are, therefore, useful in understanding how galaxies evolve. Dwarf galaxies are small because after they formed, they somehow avoided merging with other galaxies. Thus, they serve as fossils by revealing what the environment of the early universe was like. Dwarf galaxies are the smallest galaxies in which we are directly seeing winds — gas flows up to 1,000 kilometers per second — for the first time.”

Manzano-King explained that as material falls into a black hole, it heats up due to friction and strong gravitational fields and releases radiative energy. This energy pushes ambient gas outward from the center of the galaxy into intergalactic space.

“What’s interesting is that these winds are being pushed out by active black holes in the six dwarf galaxies rather than by stellar processes such as supernovae,” she said. “Typically, winds driven by stellar processes are common in dwarf galaxies and constitute the dominant process for regulating the amount of gas available in dwarf galaxies for forming stars.”UC Riverside astronomers find large-scale winds associated with active black holes in small galaxies suppress star formation

Credit: UCR

Astronomers suspect that when wind emanating from a black hole is pushed out, it compresses the gas ahead of the wind, which can increase star formation. But if all the wind gets expelled from the galaxy’s center, gas becomes unavailable and star formation could decrease. The latter appears to be what is occurring in the six dwarf galaxies the researchers identified.

“In these six cases, the wind has a negative impact on star formation,” Sales said. “Theoretical models for the formation and evolution of galaxies have not included the impact of black holes in dwarf galaxies. We are seeing evidence, however, of a suppression of star formation in these galaxies. Our findings show that galaxy formation models must include black holes as important, if not dominant, regulators of star formation in dwarf galaxies.”

Next, the researchers plan to study the mass and momentum of gas outflows in dwarf galaxies.

“This would better inform theorists who rely on such data to build models,” Manzano-King said. “These models, in turn, teach observational astronomers just how the winds affect dwarf galaxies. We also plan to do a systematic search in a larger sample of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to identify dwarf galaxies with outflows originating in active black holes.”

The research was funded by the National Science Foundation, NASA, and the Hellman Foundation. Data was obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, and made possible by financial support from the W. M. Keck Foundation.

Contacts and sources:

• Iqbal Pittalwala
  University of California – Riverside

Source:

• http://www.ineffableisland.com/2019/10/black-holes-stunt-growth-of-dwarf.html
  

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

How Do the Strongest Magnets in the Universe Form?

How do some neutron stars become the strongest magnets in the Universe? A German-British team of astrophysicists has found a possible answer to the question of how these so-called magnetars form. The researchers used large computer simulations to demonstrate how the merger of two stars creates strong magnetic fields. If such stars explode in supernovae, magnetars could result. 

 

The simulation marks the birth of a magnetic star such as Tau Scorpii. The image is a cut through the orbital plane where the colouring indicates the strength of the magnetic field and the light hatching reflects the direction of the magnetic field line. 

Credit:  © Ohlmann/Schneider/Röpke

Scientists from Heidelberg University, the Max Planck Society, the Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, and the University of Oxford were involved in the research. The results were published in “Nature”.

Our Universe is threaded by magnetic fields. The Sun, for example, has an envelope in which convection continuously generates magnetic fields. “Even though massive stars have no such envelopes, we still observe a strong, large-scale magnetic field at the surface of about ten percent of them,” explains Dr Fabian Schneider from the Centre for Astronomy of Heidelberg University, who is the first author of the study in “Nature”. Although such fields were already discovered in 1947, their origin has remained elusive so far.

Over a decade ago, scientists suggested that strong magnetic fields are produced when two stars collide. “But until now, we weren’t able to test this hypothesis because we didn’t have the necessary computational tools,” says Dr Sebastian Ohlmann from the computing centre of the Max Planck Society in Garching near Munich. This time, the researchers used the AREPO code, a highly dynamic simulation code running on compute clusters of the Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS), to explain the properties of Tau Scorpii (τ Sco), a magnetic star located 500 light years from Earth.

Already in 2016, Fabian Schneider and Philipp Podsiadlowski from the University of Oxford realised that τ Sco is a so-called blue straggler. Blue stragglers are the product of merged stars. “We assume that Tau Scorpii obtained its strong magnetic field during the merger process,” explains Prof. Dr Philipp Podsiadlowski. Through its computer simulations of τ Sco, the German-British research team has now demonstrated that strong turbulence during the merger of two stars can create such a field.

Credit: ESO/L. Calçada

 Artists impression of a magnetar

Stellar mergers are relatively frequent: Scientists assume that about ten percent of all massive stars in the Milky Way are the products of such processes. This is in good agreement with the occurrence rate of magnetic massive stars, according to Dr Schneider. Astronomers think that these very stars could form magnetars when they explode in supernovae.

This may also happen to τ Sco when it explodes at the end of its life. The computer simulations suggest that the magnetic field generated would be sufficient to explain the exceptionally strong magnetic fields in magnetars. “Magnetars are thought to have the strongest magnetic fields in the Universe – up to one hundred million times stronger than the strongest magnetic field ever produced by humans,” says Prof. Dr Friedrich Röpke from HITS.

The research was funded by the Oxford Hintze Centre for Astrophysical Surveys and the Klaus Tschira Foundation (Heidelberg).

Contacts and sources:

• Heidelberg University

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

Physicists Have Found a Way to 'Hear' Dark Matter

Source: 

• http://www.ineffableisland.com/2019/10/physicists-have-found-way-to-hear-dark.html

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

The Milky Way Kidnapped Several Tiny Galaxies from Its Neighbor

Just like the moon orbits the Earth, and the Earth orbits the sun, galaxies orbit each other according to the predictions of cosmology. 

For example, more than 50 discovered satellite galaxies orbit our own galaxy, the Milky Way. The largest of these is the Large Magellanic Cloud, or LMC, a large dwarf galaxy that resembles a faint cloud in the Southern Hemisphere night sky.

UC Riverside-led research shows our galaxy is undergoing a massive merger with its largest satellite galaxy, the Large Magellanic Cloud

Visualization of the simulations used in the study. Top left shows dark matter in white. Bottom right shows a simulated Large Magellanic Cloud-like galaxy with stars and gas, and several smaller companion galaxies

UC Riverside-led research shows our galaxy is undergoing a massive merger with its largest satellite galaxy, the Large Magellanic Cloud

Credit: UCR/Ethan Jahn
 

A team of astronomers led by scientists at the University of California, Riverside, has discovered that several of the small — or “dwarf” — galaxies orbiting the Milky Way were likely stolen from the LMC, including several ultrafaint dwarfs, but also relatively bright and well-known satellite galaxies, such as Carina and Fornax.

The researchers made the discovery by using new data gathered by the Gaia space telescope on the motions of several nearby galaxies and contrasting this with state-of-the-art cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. The UC Riverside team used the positions in the sky and the predicted velocities of material, such as dark matter, accompanying the LMC, finding that at least four ultrafaint dwarfs and two classical dwarfs, Carina and Fornax, used to be satellites of the LMC. Through the ongoing merger process, however, the more massive Milky Way used its powerful gravitational field to tear apart the LMC and steal these satellites, the researchers report.

Laura Sales (right), an assistant professor of physics and astronomy at UC Riverside, is seen here with Ethan Jahn, her graduate student.

Credit: UCR/Sales group

“These results are an important confirmation of our cosmological models, which predict that small dwarf galaxies in the universe should also be surrounded by a population of smaller fainter galaxy companions,” said Laura Sales, an assistant professor of physics and astronomy, who led the research team. “This is the first time that we are able to map the hierarchy of structure formation to such faint and ultrafaint dwarfs.”

The findings have important implications for the total mass of the LMC and also on the formation of the Milky Way.

“If so many dwarfs came along with the LMC only recently, that means the properties of the Milky Way satellite population just 1 billion years ago were radically different, impacting our understanding of how the faintest galaxies form and evolve,” Sales said.

Study results appear in the November 2019 issue of the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

Dwarf galaxies are small galaxies that contain anywhere from a few thousand to a few billion stars. The researchers used computer simulations from the Feedback In Realistic Environments project to show the LMC and galaxies similar to it host numerous tiny dwarf galaxies, many of which contain no stars at all — only dark matter, a type of matter scientists think constitutes the bulk of the universe’s mass.

“The high number of tiny dwarf galaxies seems to suggest the dark matter content of the LMC is quite large, meaning the Milky Way is undergoing the most massive merger in its history, with the LMC, its partner, bringing in as much as one third of the mass in the Milky Way’s dark matter halo — the halo of invisible material that surrounds our galaxy,” said Ethan Jahn, the first author of the paper and a graduate student in Sales’ research group.

Jahn explained that the number of tiny dwarf galaxies the LMC hosts may be higher than astronomers previously estimated, and that many of these tiny satellites have no stars.

“Small galaxies are hard to measure, and it’s possible that some already-known ultrafaint dwarf galaxies are in fact associated with the LMC,” he said. “It’s also possible that we will discover new ultrafaints that are associated with the LMC.”

Dwarf galaxies can either be satellites of larger galaxies, or they can be “isolated,” existing on their own and independent of any larger object. The LMC used to be isolated, Jahn explained, but it was captured by the gravity of the Milky Way and is now its satellite.

“The LMC hosted at least seven satellite galaxies of its own, including the Small Magellanic Cloud in the Southern Sky, prior to them being captured by the Milky Way,” he said.

Next, the team will study how the satellites of LMC-sized galaxies form their stars and how that relates to how much dark matter mass they have.

“It will be interesting to see if they form differently than satellites of Milky Way-like galaxies,” Jahn said.

Sales and Jahn were joined in the study Andrew Wetzel of UC Davis; Michael Boylan-Kolchin of the University of Texas at Austin; T. K. Chan of UC San Diego; Kareem El-Badry of UC Berkeley; and Alexandres Lazar and James S. Bullock of UC Irvine.

The research was supported by grants to Sales from NASA and the Hellman Foundation.

Contacts and sources:

• Iqbal Pittalwala
  University of California – Riverside

Citation:

• Dark and luminous satellites of LMC-mass galaxies in the FIRE simulations.
  Ethan D Jahn, Laura V Sales, Andrew Wetzel, Michael Boylan-Kolchin, T K Chan, Kareem El-Badry, Alexandres Lazar, James S Bullock. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2019; 489 (4): 5348 DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz245

Source: 

• http://www.ineffableisland.com/2019/10/the-milky-way-kidnapped-several-tiny.html

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

Ice on Lunar South Pole May Have More than One Source, Suggests Study

Source: 

• http://www.ineffableisland.com/2019/10/ice-on-lunar-south-pole-may-have-more.html

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

UFO Caught In Three Photo Traveling Through Storm Clouds! Oct 2019, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Oct 11, 2019

Location of sighting: Iberia, Louisiana, USA

Source: MUFON #103948

 

I had to crop the photos, they were just too big. So here is the main parts of each of the three. This white long craft was recorded in three photos as it shot through the clouds. It seems to be following the direction of a jet contrail, perhaps its interested in pollution caused by planes or the technology of the plane itself. This is clearly not a jet, because a jet would not be caught in only 3 photos, thats just moving many times faster than a jet. Storms often have UFOs nearby. The UFOs seem to charge up the storms causing the storms to grow and create thunder and lightning. 

Scott C. Waring

 

Eyewitness states: 

I was taking photos of storm clouds shortly after 8AM, and through a break in them I observed an odd looking "doughnuts on a rope" contrail above the cloud cover...I did not see its formation or what made it but whatever did appeared to have been moving in a roughly east to west direction based on how the trail was dispersing. I snapped three photos of the contrail; the first two were maybe a second apart and the the third was maybe 4 seconds later...the delay and color difference in pic #3 was the result of changing the phone camera setting back to normal when I realized it still had a "film" filter applied. I was completely unaware that the seemingly rod shaped object in the photos was there when I was shooting these photos, and only saw it upon reviewing the pictures zoomed in.

{ https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

Alien Disk Passing Moon Caught By Astronomer Club, Oct 11, 2019, UFO Sighting News.

On October 11th, 2019 we attended an astronomy night.. we took some photos of the moon through a telescope and found an anomaly on the last photo. We took 3 photos and it only appears on the last.

{ https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

Bigfoot Tracks Found In North Carolina, May Lead To Alien Base Underground! Video, UFO Sighting News.

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3RWK3tqpFeo

{ https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

China Shows Off UFO At Airshow, UFO Sighting News.

Date of display: Oct 10, 2019
Location of display: Tianjin, China

China has unveiled a new stealth helicopter that is in the shape of a UFO disk. The disk look very similar to a lot of UFOs seen around the world for decades, so it seems that China is taking its info for design directly from UFO reports. China is working hard at this airshow to reveal its newest aircraft in order to show off its military muscle. The disk is probably the generation 1 of its type, so China probably has a ten 10 or higher of this craft now...which means no more helicopter rotor, which was probably replaced by three actual alien craft anti propulsion generators. China is showing off its aircraft...but we all know its top secret craft are still being hidden from the public. Much like Americas TR3B secret military craft with alien propulsion systems installed...this kind of tech is capable of space travel at partial light speed. 
Scott C. Waring-Taiwan 

{ https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

UFO Expert Says He Has ‘100% Proof’ That Aliens Currently Live In A ‘City’ On Our Moon

PIXABAY

You know all those other abundantly credible reports we’ve shared in the past about aliens and UFO sightings? Like the one earlier this week about a red triangular craft that was recorded hovering in the Texas sky in perhaps the “clearest ufo footage” ever? Or that one about a Top Gun Navy pilot who described his incredible UFO encounter? Or that one last week about a strange “fleet” of 14 glowing UFOs that was spotted and caught on camera off the coast of North Carolina?

Yeah, well, those are all old news. The new UFO slash alien hotness right now comes to us from UFO and extraterrestrial hunter Scott Waring who has gone to painstaking lengths to prove that there is an “alien city” in an archived NASA photo of the Moon’s poles. Or as he puts it in his article’s headline: “100% Proof That Aliens Currently Live On Our Moon.”

100 PERCENT, PEOPLE. That’s VERY definitive. Pay attention.

“These alien structures are almost impossible to see, yet they are there,” says Waring, who goes on to prove his discovery by adding “a bit of shadows and the building’s shape and surface became visible.”

PIXABAY

After adding the shadows, Waring points out something that is “like a giant alien air vent, leading to an alien base below the ground. It is not an air vent, of course, but is more likely a doorway.”

Of course. Duh.

“Or it could be an entrance to some sort of space port,” he adds.

Definitely.

“When we imagine an alien city, we see structures like our own, but in 1 million or even 1 billion years are humans really going to make such structures or are we going to change everything about them?” Waring asked on his website. “Well, thats [how] technology evolves with a species. I mean it wasn’t long ago that the world once thought that the Sun revolved around the Earth.”

Needless to say, many of Waring’s YouTube followers were very impressed.

“You RULE Dude!!! Our Space Force has barracks “somewhere”?!! Seriously tho’…the aliens mine H3 for fusion reactors. I think,” wrote Petro Phishhed.

Viewer George Mair concurred, “An amazing find Scott it looks like a giant city of some sort? Definitely intelligently made structures?”

Don’t believe him? Take a look for yourself and always remember…

FOX

Navy Pilot Says ‘Dark Mass’ Made Torpedo Disappear

If it wasn’t a submarine, what the hell was it?

 By Andrew Daniels

U.S. D.O.D. GRAPHIC BY RON STERN. (RELEASED)

[PUBLIC DOMAIN]WIKIMEDIA COMMONS

• The retired Navy Commander who spotted the infamous Tic Tac-shaped UFO relayed another strange story from a Navy helicopter pilot on the Joe Rogan Experience.
• Back in the '90s, the pilot was retrieving BQM drones and submarine telemetry torpedoes from the ocean when he saw an unexplained "dark mass coming up from the depths."
• The pilot said the torpedo "just got sucked down underwater, and the object just descended back down into the depths."

---

You might not know the name David Fravor, but you probably know what he saw … even if he’s still not sure what that was. Fravor is the retired U.S. Navy Commander who in 2017 told the New York Times that he spotted a Tic Tac-shaped UFO from the cockpit of his F/A-18F Super Hornet—“around 40 feet long and oval in shape”—100 miles off the coast of San Diego in 2004.

There’s video, of course, of Fravor’s now-legendary encounter, originally released for public viewing by The New York Times and To The Stars Academy of Arts & Science, a UFO research group from former Blink-182 member Tom DeLonge:

Last month, that UFO video made headlines once more when the Navy confirmed it was real. The clip indeed showed “unexplained aerial phenomena,” but the service said it and two other videos should have never been released to the public in the first place.

So Fravor has begun the requisite publicity tour. In an interview with the comedian and podcaster Joe Rogan, Fravor recounted his sighting from 15 years ago, but also revealed a new story from a Navy helicopter pilot who reached out with his own strange, creepy tale while on the job.

Back in the ‘90s, this pilot’s job was to fetch BQM aerial target drones and submarine telemetry torpedoes from the ocean. At the time, the pilot was flying a CH-53—“a big, heavy-lifter the Marine Corps uses for certain things,” Fravor told Rogan. “Off the East Coast they do a lot of shooting, at the time it was off Puerto Rico.”

“The helo drops a swimmer in the water, he hooks the whole thing up and they fly back,” Fravor said. “The first time they were out and they were going to pick up a BQM, he’s sitting in the front—in the CH-53 you can see down by your feet—and as he’s looking down, they’re 50 feet (15 metres) above the water, he sees this kind of dark mass coming up from the depths.”

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As the pilot picked up the BQM, he was apparently at a loss for words. “He’s looking at this thing going, ‘What the hell is that?’ And then it just goes back down underwater. Once they pull the kid and the BQM out of the water, this object descends back into the depths.”

One dark mass coming up from the depths is weird enough. Two is officially cause for concern. A few months later, the helicopter pilot saw the exact same thing.

“He’s out picking up a torpedo, they hook the diver up on the winch, and as they’re lowering him down, he sees this big mass. He goes, ‘It’s not a submarine’. He’s seen submarines before. Once you’ve seen a submarine you can’t confuse it with something else. This big object, kind of circular, is coming up from the depths and he starts screaming through the intercom system to tell them to pull the diver up, and the diver’s only a few feet from the water.

“They reverse the winch and the diver’s thinking, ‘What the hell is going on?’ And all of a sudden he said the torpedo just got sucked down underwater, and the object just descended back down into the depths. They never recovered it.”

The helicopter pilot swears the torpedo didn’t sink, per Fravor—and that pilot even told the Times about the incident back in 2017, but the paper never reported it. We’re guessing the editors would reconsider today.

So … what was the dark mass if it wasn’t a submarine? A whale? The Loch Ness Monster? For now we can only speculate, at least until the next video leaks.

Source: News.com.au

{ https://www.popularmechanics.com/ }

Earth's Magnetic Poles Can Flip Much More Often Than Anyone Thought

By Yasemin Saplakoglu

A representation of Earth and its magnetic field. 

(Image: © Shutterstock)

Hot liquid that churns around Earth's outer core powers a gigantic magnetic field that's been hugging our planet since its infancy, protecting it from harmful solar radiation. But this magnetic field is known to get restless — and a couple of times every million years or so, the poles flip, and magnetic south becomes magnetic north and vice versa.

Now, a new study suggests that the magnetic poles can flip much more frequently than scientists thought. That's what seems to have happened around 500 million years ago during the Cambrian period, when Earth's creatures were undergoing evolutionary growth spurts, transforming into more complex life-forms. 

To understand the workings of the magnetic field during this time, a group of researchers from the Institute of Physics of the Globe of Paris and the Russian Academy of Sciences collected sediment samples from an outcrop in northeastern Siberia.

Related: 9 Cool Facts About Magnets

In the lab, they determined the orientation of magnetic particles trapped in the sediments by slowly heating them to extreme temperatures to demagnetize them. The orientation of the particles corresponded to the magnetic field direction (which way magnetic north pointed, for instance) at the time and place the sediment was deposited. The researchers fine-tuned the age of the sediments by dating trilobite fossils found in the same layers, and were thus able to approximate when the magnetic fields flipped. 

The team found that around 500 million years ago, the planet's magnetic field flipped about 26 times every million years or so — the highest frequency ever suggested. That's "extreme," considering that until recently, five flips per million years was considered very high, said lead author Yves Gallet, research director of the French National Center for Scientific Research at the Institute of Physics of the Globe of Paris.

But perhaps "just as interesting" is that shortly after this time, within a few million years, the frequency of flipping dropped off extremely quickly, Gallet said. Between 495 million and 500 million years ago, the magnetic field started flipping at a rate of about one to two times every million years. 

The "dominant idea for many years" was that the frequency of magnetic field reversals would only evolve gradually across tens of millions of years, he said. But "here we show a sudden change in reversal frequency occurring on a million-year timescale."

It's clear that the process that generated the magnetic field in the outer core 500 million years ago was very different from that observed today, he added. But what, exactly pushed Earth's magnetic field to flip so frequently, is unclear, he said. One possibility is that the frequent reversals could have been caused by changes in thermal conditions at the boundary between the liquid-iron outer core and the mantle driven by mantle dynamics, he said. Recent studies have also suggested that the inner core may have begun to cool and solidify around 600 or 700 million years ago. This process could have also played a role in the functioning of the magnetic field, he said. 

The last magnetic field reversal happened around 780,000 years ago, but although there are concerns that it might happen again soon — which might temporarily weaken the field, causing harmful solar radiation to reach us — it's likely not "soon" in terms of human years. 

"It is important to remember that the timescale we are considering for the evolution in magnetic reversal frequency is at least a few millions of years," Gallet said. At this scale, the magnetic field reversals could evolve to be more or less rapid. But "a magnetic polarity reversal is not for tomorrow," he added.

The findings were published online Sept. 20 in the journal Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 

• Religion and Science: 6 Visions of Earth's Core
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Editor's Note: This article was updated on Oct. 11 at 9:50 a.m. to clarify that the frequent reversals could have been caused by changes in the thermal conditions at the boundary between the liquid-iron core and the mantle, rather than in the liquid-iron core. Originally published on Live Science.

{ https://www.space.com/ }

A Cosmic Mystery: Why is the Milky Way Galaxy Getting Gassier?

Chelsea Gohd 

There seems to be an imbalance in our galaxy.

This illustration shows gas rising and falling in and out of the Milky Way galaxy using Hubble's COS instrument. With 10 years of data from COS, astronomers have found that there is more gas coming into our galaxy than leaving it. 

(Image: © NASA, ESA, and D. Player (STScI))

Astronomers have discovered a strange surplus of gas in the Milky Way galaxy.

Using 10 years of data from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, the team of astronomers  concluded that there is more gas coming into our galaxy than leaving it. Rather than an equilibrium of gas entering and escaping, there is a significant imbalance, though the team behind this finding has not yet found the source for this gaseous disparity.

The researchers used data from Hubble's Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS), which allows the space telescope to study objects that absorb or emit light and determine aspects such as their temperature, chemical makeup, velocity and density. With COS, the team could observe and track the movement of gases in the galaxy: the gases appear redder as they move away from our galaxy, and bluer as they get closer through the phenomena known as redshift and blueshift. 

• Related: Giant Gas Cloud Surrounds Our Milky Way Galaxy

This allowed the researchers  to see that there was more "blue" (entering) gas than "red" (exiting) gas. Although the researchers have not pinpointed the source of this imbalance, they think that it could possibly be caused by one of three things. 

First, the astronomers think that this excess gas could be coming from the interstellar medium. Second, they suggest that the Milky Way is using its impressive gravitational pull to swipe gas from smaller, nearby galaxies, according to a statement. 

Additionally, seeing as this study considered only cool gases, researchers think that hotter gases might also contribute to this finding. 

Gases leave our galaxy when events like supernovae and stellar winds push them out of the Milky Way's galactic disk. When gases fall back into our galaxy, they contribute to the formation of new stars and planets. So the balance between the inflow and outflow of gases is important to regulating how objects such as stars form in galaxies like ours. 

"Studying our own galaxy in detail provides the basis for understanding galaxies across the universe, and we have realized that our galaxy is more complicated than we imagined," co-author Philipp Richter of the University of Potsdam in Germany said in the statement.

This research will be published in a study in The Astrophysical Journal. 

• Most Amazing Hubble Space Telescope Discoveries
• Infographic: Our Milky Way Galaxy: A Traveler's Guide
• Photo Gallery: The Milky Way's Core

Follow Chelsea Gohd on Twitter @chelsea_gohd. Follow us on Twitter @Spacedotcom and on Facebook.

{ https://www.space.com/ }

Aliens DO exist and we can't be unique in universe, says ex-head of MI6

EXCLUSIVE: The views of Sir John Sawers are backed by more than half of Brits

By Oliver Pritchard

58% of the British public believe that some form of intelligent life exists 

(Image: Getty Images)

Britain's former top spy has amazingly claimed that aliens do exist.

Sir John Sawers, the ex-head of MI6, shared his views at the Digital Transformation EXPO in London. He said the universe’s infinite size means it would be “extraordinary” if comparable life doesn’t exist elsewhere.

He said: “I think it would be extraordinary if in an infinite solar system that planet Earth was unique.

“I think we should go forward on the assumption that nothing on this planet is unique.”

The views of Sir John, who was Chief of the Secret Intelligence Service from 2009 until 2014, are backed by more than half the UK public.

A YouGov survey in 2015 found that 58% of us people believe intelligent life exists, but is too far away to contact.

READ MORE

• Mysterious 'disc-shaped' UFO interrupts NASA Spacewalk live feed outside ISS

Sir John Sawers isn't the only big name to agree that aliens exist 

(Image: PA)

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• Humans on Mars getting closer with meat grown on ISS and water made on asteroid

A marginally lower number think that human beings are not yet advanced enough to communicate with aliens.

Meanwhile nearly one in five people are convinced that we have contacted intelligent life but the government has covered it up.

Sir John isn’t the only big name to agree that aliens exist.

Before his death, pioneering scientist Professor Stephen Hawking said the search for extra-terrestrial life was “the most exciting quest in 21st-century science”.

Sir Jeremy spoke weeks after it was claimed we are closer than ever to discovering aliens.

Last month British scientists discovered the first planet warm and wet enough to support life. Called K2-18b it is 110 light years away.

{ https://www.dailystar.co.uk/ }

4 Kilometer Planet Killer Asteroid 1998 OR2 Headed Towards Earth In 2020

NASA warned that one of the biggest and most dangerous asteroids it has detected is moving towards Earth. If this massive asteroid ends up on a collision course with the planet, it could trigger an extinction-level event.

The approaching asteroid, identified as 52768 (1998 OR2), is currently being monitored by NASA’ Center for Near Earth Object Studies (CNEOS). According to the agency, this asteroid is currently moving at a speed of 31,320 kilometers per hour. It has an estimated diameter of 4.1 kilometers, making it significantly longer than the entire Hollywood Walk of Fame.

A new report indicates that a total of 26 nuclear-level asteroid impacts have hit Earth since 2000. 

Photo: Donald Davis

CNEOS noted that this mountain-sized asteroid is expected to fly past Earth on April 29, 2020. During this time, the asteroid is expected to be about 6.3 million kilometers from the planet’s center.

Although this seems like a very safe distance, 52768 (1998 OR2) is classified by CNEOS as a potentially hazardous asteroid. According to the agency, the asteroid is a member of the Amor family, which means it has a very wide orbit around the Earth and the Sun. Occasionally, the asteroid flies near the planet as it completes its cycle around the giant star.

Due to the asteroid’s near-Earth approaches as well as its massive size, 52768 (1998 OR2) poses a huge threat to the planet. If the asteroid’s current trajectory slightly changes, which can easily happen due to gravitational forces in space, it could end up on a collision course with Earth.

Given the asteroid’s size and speed, an Earth impact caused by 52768 (1998 OR2) would create a crater that’s at least 50 kilometers wide. The massive explosion from the impact event would generate violent Earthquakes. It would also send molten debris flying into the sky and crashing on different parts of the world. The intense heatwave from the blast would travel for hundreds of kilometers, incinerating everything in its path.

Eventually, the dust and debris from the impact event would cover the atmosphere, preventing sunlight from penetrating and reaching the Earth’s surface. This event, known as a nuclear winter, would last for several months and could lead to the deaths of various species on the planet. 

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• https://www.ibtimes.com/4-kilometer-planet-killer-asteroid-headed-towards-earth-2020-may-cause-human-2842061

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Joe Scarborough in Cesar, North Carolina recently stumbled upon a series of sizable prints that left him wondering if they may have been created by Bigfoot.

Joe initially suspected that perhaps the large prints had come from a human, marveling to himself that "somebody's got a big foot."

When he looked closer at the tracks, he was struck by the sheer size of the impressions, noting that they seemed to measure thirteen or fourteen inches long, reports CoasttoCoast.

He says he will spend the night near the tracks in Cesar, NC with his cameras in the coming days to see what else he can find.

  

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

Several Glowing Objects Hanging Above the Horizon in a Lagoon Off the Coast of North Carolina

A new YouTube video shows fourteen bright objects floating over the horizon in the Pamlico Sound lagoon off the North Carolina coast.

The video uploader William Guy was on a ferry travelling across the lagoon when he noticed mysterious objects in the sky. He immediately switched on his camera to get a video of his UFO sighting. The video initially shows the sky and orange horizon during sunset.

Then 14 bright round objects came into view. Mr Guy pans the camera right and left then focuses on the hovering objects again after showing that nothing in the sky at all except those glowing objects.

Mr Guy claimed that there were some 25 people on the ferry aside from him, and everyone saw the bright objects and recorded them on video as well.

Some conspiracy theorists expressed their delight about the video stating that Earth is under heavy observation. However, sceptics argued that the glowing objects were not UFOs but signal flares used in the military as training targets.

{ http://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

Russian Coal Miners Discover a Mysterious Object That Looks Like a Flying Saucer

A recently-resurfaced video has revealed a UFO that has been found buried in a coal mine in Russia. Russian state media claimed the strange UFO-shaped thing was found in a coal mine in Belovo District, Kemerovo.

According to Russia Today, the UFO measured 3.9 ft or 1.2 m across and weighed around 200 kg. The off-the-wall claims were supported by a short interview with an unnamed man who claimed to have helped found the UFO.

He said the excavator driver informed him to have found a strange object on the coal face. When he arrived at the coal-basin, he saw the unusual thing. At first, he thought it was a shield, but when they put it on its edge, he saw that it looked like a UFO.

He suggested it might be some kind of object for throwing as he brought up the possibility that the ancients were bigger than us. He also said that it could be a miniature copy created by people who saw spaceships in the sky.

{ http://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

Mysterious Black Ring Appears Over Moscow

A black ring-shaped UFO has appeared in the sky above Russia, causing wild claims that a space portal to another dimension has formed.

The exciting footage was shot in Moscow where multiple locals shared photos of what they described as a mysterious alien-like circle.

Conspiracy theorists, meanwhile, sensationally called it as a portal to another world, which the space aliens forgot to close and hide in an invisible mode.

The UFO sighting still sparked speculation as to what has caused the ring-shaped UFO to appear if not aliens.

The clip shows the black ring floating aimlessly in the sky.

The size of the ring becomes more evident when the cameraman zooms in.

After being uploaded online, many viewers provided their take as to what the object could have been.

Some say it was a flock of birds, but others argued that birds don’t fly in such circles and not moving enough.

Several others suggested it might be smoke, but the ring stayed in place despite relatively strong winds.

There were also suggestions the mysterious ring was a trace from a military aircraft that had been made with an explosion or gone through the sound barrier, which had left only a black circle.

One viewer suggested it was like a portal to another world.

Yuri Senkin, a UFO specialist from the Academy of Informatics and Applied Ufology, said that there’s no obvious explanation for this phenomenon from a scientific point of view.

{ http://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

Could Elon Musk's Starship Threaten Alien Life?

By Samantha Rolfe - Lecturer in Astrobiology and Principal Technical Officer at Bayfordbury Observatory, University of Hertfordshire 

Musk's plans have potentially dire consequences for alien life, astronauts and the environment.

The Starship MK1 assembled at SpaceX's build and launch facility in Texas.

(Image: © SpaceX)

Elon Musk, founder of private space-faring company SpaceX, recently unveiled his new Starship craft. Amazingly, it is designed to carry up to 100 crew members on interplanetary journeys throughout the solar system, starting with Mars in 2024.

The announcement is exciting, invoking deep emotions of hope and adventure. But I can't help having a number of moral reservations about it.

Musk has declared a fascinatingly short time line to achieve orbit with this rocket. He wants to build four or five versions of the vehicle in the next six months. The first rocket will do a test launch to 20km within a month, and the final version will orbit the Earth.

Whether this is possible remains to be seen. Bear in mind that in the early 1960s when the then US president, John F Kennedy, announced the race to the moon, it took nearly a decade to achieve and several crew members died during the testing phases.

Despite this, it has been an important goal since the beginning of the space age for people to travel between planets — helping us to explore, mine and colonize the solar system.

• Video: Look Inside SpaceX's Starship Mk 1 Rocket!
  
• Related: SpaceX's Starship and Super Heavy Mars Rocket in Pictures

Planetary protection

There are many reasons to believe SpaceX will succeed. The company has been extremely impressive in its contribution to space, filling a gap when government agencies such as NASA could not justify the spending. It's not the rocket technology that I doubt, my concern is mainly astrobiological.

If life exists elsewhere in our universe, the solar system is a good place to start looking — enabling us to touch, collect and analyse samples in a reasonably short time. Along with some of Jupiter's and Saturn's moons, Mars is one of the top contenders for hosting some sort of microbial life, or for having done so in the past.

However, there is a risk that microbe-ridden humans walking on the red planet could contaminate it with bugs from Earth. And contamination may threaten alien organisms, if they exist. It may also make it impossible to figure out whether any microbes found on Mars later on are martian or terrestrial in origin.

A mission to return samples from Mars to Earth is expected to be completed by the early 2030s, with all the collection work completed by sterilised robots. While such missions pose a certain risk of contamination too, there are rigorous protocols to help minimise the chance. These were initiated by the Outer Space Treaty in 1967 and must be followed by anyone in the space industry, governmental or non-governmental entities alike.

Can we be confident that, while pushing the boundaries of human exploration in such a short time frame, corners won't be cut or standards won't be allowed to slip? It will be considerably harder to follow these protocols once humans are actually on the planet.

If SpaceX was serious about planetary protection, I would expect to see a policy on its website, or easily found by searching "SpaceX planetary protection". But that isn't the case. So while it is possible that it has a rigorous planetary protection plan in place behind the scenes, its public-facing content seems to suggest that pushing the boundaries of human exploration is more important than the consequences of that exploration.

Other moral issues

Another issue is the health of the humans are being sent out to Mars. Deep space is not without its dangers, but at least working in low Earth orbit, on the moon and the International Space Station, the Earth's magnetic field offers some protection from harmful space radiation.

Mars doesn't have its own magnetic field and its atmosphere provides little shelter from cosmic radiation. Astronauts would also be exposed to deep space radiation for the minimum six-month journey between planets.

Though plenty of work is being conducted, radiation protection technology is a long way behind other aspects of rocketry. I'm not sure that it is fair or ethical to expect astronauts to be exposed to dangerous levels of radiation that could leave them with considerable health problems — or worse, imminent death.

Add to that the environmental impact of these missions, which release a lot of carbon dioxide, if they become frequent.

So while there is obviously a lot to gain from sending humans to Mars, the risks of contaminating Mars, injuring astronauts and damaging the environment are very real. I would argue that it is our moral obligation to prevent such damage. I hope SpaceX is putting as much thought into this as it has into its launch vehicles, and I would like to see this become a priority for the company.

Once we have better radiation shielding and have proven that Mars is entirely inhospitable, albeit a very difficult thing to do, it will most likely be an adventure worth embarking on. But at the very least, the company should hold off sending people to Mars until we have the results of the upcoming life detection missions, such as the Mars Sample Return and ExoMars rover.

Until then the moon is a great target for human exploration, resource mining and colonisation. As it is nearby and we can be reasonably confident that it does not harbour life, why not start there?

Regardless of the thrill and feelings of hope this kind of adventure brings, just because we can do something, doesn't mean we necessarily should, now or in the future.

• This article was originally published at The Conversation. The publication contributed the article to Live Science's Expert Voices: Op-Ed & Insights.

{ https://www.space.com/ }

Falling Fireballs Crashed in Chile Last Week. They Weren't Meteorites, Experts Say.

'Top Secret' Radar Upgrade Reportedly Allowed US Navy to Finally Spot UFOs

{ https://sputniknews.com/ }

{ https://www.thedrive.com/ }

UFO spotted in North Carolina's outer banks: Are they real? Was it aliens?

By Simran Kashyap

Washington, Oct 09: The hunt for any clues about alien life, any form of extraterrestrial life is always on. However, one of the most common topic which has sparked debate for innumerable years is the authenticity of UFO (Unidentified Flying Objects) sightings.

Recently a video has gone viral on various social media sites where a new UFO was sighted at the Outer Banks in North Carolina.

The video shows not one but a series of unidentified flying objects. A group of lights suddenly light up the sky and the question of is it aliens or was it any kind of military operation.

The video was posted online 'YouTube' about a week ago by William Guy with a caption "real UFO sighting" and it clearly shows a mysterious fleet on lights appearing in the evening sky.

Almost 14 dots of lights were seen sparking in the sky. In the 31-second video clip, one can also hear someone saying, "We're in the middle of the ocean, on a ferry, nothing around. Look. Nothing around. No land, no nothing. What that is.''

The video was shot aboard a ferry crossing the Pamlico Sound from Ocracoke Island to Swan Quarter on the mainland.

One of the commentator Derrick Chennault, who identified himself as a former Marine based at the 2nd Marine Air Wing mentioned that it was a Marine operation.

 "We used to regularly drop flares out of the back of our plane in the evenings for military exercises in that area. They are one million candle power each so they were pretty bright and can be seen from far away and floated down slow as they hung from a parachute," he mentioned. However, there was no statement from the marine forces so as of now there is no clarity what exactly it was.

However, it should be noted that the military base is approximately 125 miles west of the Outer Banks.

Meanwhile, last week, the US Navy had comfirmed that existence of UFOs maybe true.

According to a report in Huffington Post, the US Navy confirmed the authenticity of a series of three videos about UFO sightings recently and

What are UFO?

Unidentified flying object (UFO) is the popular term for any aerial phenomenon that cannot immediately be identified. Most UFOs are identified on investigation as conventional objects or phenomena. The term is widely used for claimed observations of extraterrestrial spacecraft.

Watch video here:

{ https://www.oneindia.com/news/ }

UFO seekers are flocking to a huge Buddha statue in Thailand saying it is home to a wormhole that aliens use to travel to different dimensions

Rosie Perper

The Buddha statue at Buddha's Footprint in Khao Kala, near Nakhon Sawan in Thailand has become a hotspot for extraterrestrial tourists. 

Google Maps Satellite

• A group of Buddhist worshippers on a remote hilltop in Thailand believe that aliens communicate with people in the area. 
• Khao Kala in Nakhon Sawan — which translates to "City of Heaven" — is located just three hours north of Bangkok and has become a hotspot for tourists looking to experience the supernatural.
• The remote area is located on a hill among a sugar cane plantation. Believers say the hill hides a secret wormhole that allows aliens from Pluto and elsewhere to travel between different dimensions. 
• As alien seekers flock to the area, local police are becoming increasingly frustrated. Officers have recently raided the area and expressed concern that the influx of tourism could endanger the protected forests. 
• There is no substantive evidence that the site has supernatural or alien qualities.
• Visit Insider's homepage for more stories.

Alien tourism appears to be gaining popularity around the world, and some offbeat travelers believe that a remote hilltop in Thailand holds the key to connecting with the extraterrestrial world.

Khao Kala in Nakhon Sawan — which translates to "City of Heaven" — is located just three hours north of the Thai capital Bangkok, and has become a hotspot for tourists looking to experience the supernatural.

Several news outlets, including CNN and Vice, have recently traveled to the area, where some people believe humans can telepathically communicate with aliens. 

The hill is located amongst a sugar cane plantation, and, according to the Bangkok Post, believers in the supernatural site say it hides a secret wormhole that allows aliens to travel between different dimensions.

Believers practice meditation at Hill 145, where a giant Buddha statue sits below a statue of a seven-headed snake. Several other Buddhist statues, including one called "Buddha's Footprint" stand nearby. 

Somjit Raepeth, a member of Khao Kala group or UFO Khao Kala, a group that believes that the area possesses supernatural qualities, told the Post in 2015 that members practice strict Buddhist principles and were able to contact aliens from Pluto and another planet called Logu Kata Paka Tigong, located somewhere in the Milky Way.

"They have high virtues and morals," she told the Post. "The only way to make contact with them is to practice dhamma (Buddhist teachings) to the highest levels."

According to CNN, followers of the ideology believe that people can hear the aliens through meditation, and have described the aliens as "slender, little, silvery humanoids."

Some followers have reported seeing UFOs and silhouettes of figures on the hilltop, while others say they were actually spun around by alien powers. 

There is no substantive evidence that the site has supernatural or alien qualities, or, of course, that aliens exist.

• Read more: How Area 51 became the center of alien conspiracy theories

Wassana Chuensamnaun, a lead campaigner for the extraterrestrials, told CNN that aliens from Pluto "are made of energy" and have expressed concern about devastation on Earth.

Loku aliens, he says, have "knowledge of high technology" and present in physical form. He says Pluto's alien leader claimed Buddha was the "greatest human mind."

According to local daily Khao Sod, a member of UFO Khao Kala predicted that World War III would break out by 2022. Wassana told CNN that aliens have promised to take care of a select few "survivors" in the event of such fallout. 

• Read more: Before Area 51, the US' first 'UFO' controversy uncovered a top-secret military project

Authorities have not taken kindly to the overcrowding of tourists on the hilltop, which houses several Buddhist holy sites. 

In August, they raided the UFO sighting spot out of concern that travelers were jeopardizing the protected forests in the area by camping out and holding activities. In September, authorities and forestry officials returned again and confronted Wassana, along with others at the site, according to CNN. 

"If we find anyone guilty of wrongdoing, we will file a criminal case against them.

"If a UFO descends and parks here, that's even better. We'll capture them all," Police Maj. Gen. Damrong Petpong told Khao Sod in August. 

{ https://www.insider.com/}

USS Nimitz UFOs 'were always there' and 'secret spyware upgrade' exposed them

The US Navy Senior Chief Operations Specialist who specialised in radar systems claimed UFOs may have always been present but had only become visible after a "top secret upgrade on spyware"

By Katy Gill Video News Reporter

A former US Navy Senior Chief Operations specialist who specialised in radar systems has claimed UFOs may have always been present but only became visible after a "top secret upgrade on spyware".

Kevin Day is a Topgun air intercept controller with more than 20 years experience in strike group air defence including war-time operations.

In November 2004, off the coast of San Diego, US, he was a radar operator on the USS Princeton, part of the USS Nimitz Carrier Strike Group.

On several occasions over a six-day period, military pilots reported seeing Tic Tac-shaped objects that performed remarkable manoeuvres beyond the capability of the US Navy's aircraft.

READ MORE

• US Navy pilot says mystery ‘dark mass’ emerged from ocean and swallowed torpedo

This incident was made famous in a New York Times article on December 2017 in which it was also revealed the Pentagon had a secret UFO investigation program.

But in a recent interview on Tony Sweet's Truth Be Told podcast, Kevin claimed UFOs may have long been in the air, only becoming visible following a recent radar upgrade.

He said: "There had been a top-secret upgrade of our system that had gotten underway.

"They upgraded our cooperative engagement capability and did some tweaking on our spy radar and the way that it all works.

"I think because of these upgrades we were suddenly able to see things that had always been there.

"So if you had been on the older systems you wouldn't have picked them up?" Tony asked.

"That kind of explains why since 2004 this technology, our upgrade, is now fleet-wide and now everyone is seeing them," Kevin responded.

"I think that's the reason why.

"I'm speculating, but it finally answers questions in my mind."

READ MORE

• Mystery 'triangular craft' seen above Texas likened to top-secret 'US spy plane'

The host asked: "At this time, did it enter your mind that this could be an extraterrestrial ufo?"

To which Kevin said yes.

He added: "After that intercept, that's exactly what I'm thinking.

"This was non-newtonian, it was non-classical physics we're seeing so it had to be something.

"What other explanations are there?"

{ https://www.dailystar.co.uk/ }