The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
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Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
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UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld Ontdek de Fascinerende Wereld van UFO's en UAP's: Jouw Bron voor Onthullende Informatie!
Ben jij ook gefascineerd door het onbekende? Wil je meer weten over UFO's en UAP's, niet alleen in België, maar over de hele wereld? Dan ben je op de juiste plek!
België: Het Kloppend Hart van UFO-onderzoek
In België is BUFON (Belgisch UFO-Netwerk) dé autoriteit op het gebied van UFO-onderzoek. Voor betrouwbare en objectieve informatie over deze intrigerende fenomenen, bezoek je zeker onze Facebook-pagina en deze blog. Maar dat is nog niet alles! Ontdek ook het Belgisch UFO-meldpunt en Caelestia, twee organisaties die diepgaand onderzoek verrichten, al zijn ze soms kritisch of sceptisch.
Nederland: Een Schat aan Informatie
Voor onze Nederlandse buren is er de schitterende website www.ufowijzer.nl, beheerd door Paul Harmans. Deze site biedt een schat aan informatie en artikelen die je niet wilt missen!
Internationaal: MUFON - De Wereldwijde Autoriteit
Neem ook een kijkje bij MUFON (Mutual UFO Network Inc.), een gerenommeerde Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in de VS en wereldwijd. MUFON is toegewijd aan de wetenschappelijke en analytische studie van het UFO-fenomeen, en hun maandelijkse tijdschrift, The MUFON UFO-Journal, is een must-read voor elke UFO-enthousiasteling. Bezoek hun website op www.mufon.com voor meer informatie.
Samenwerking en Toekomstvisie
Sinds 1 februari 2020 is Pieter niet alleen ex-president van BUFON, maar ook de voormalige nationale directeur van MUFON in Vlaanderen en Nederland. Dit creëert een sterke samenwerking met de Franse MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP, wat ons in staat stelt om nog meer waardevolle inzichten te delen.
Let op: Nepprofielen en Nieuwe Groeperingen
Pas op voor een nieuwe groepering die zich ook BUFON noemt, maar geen enkele connectie heeft met onze gevestigde organisatie. Hoewel zij de naam geregistreerd hebben, kunnen ze het rijke verleden en de expertise van onze groep niet evenaren. We wensen hen veel succes, maar we blijven de autoriteit in UFO-onderzoek!
Blijf Op De Hoogte!
Wil jij de laatste nieuwtjes over UFO's, ruimtevaart, archeologie, en meer? Volg ons dan en duik samen met ons in de fascinerende wereld van het onbekende! Sluit je aan bij de gemeenschap van nieuwsgierige geesten die net als jij verlangen naar antwoorden en avonturen in de sterren!
Heb je vragen of wil je meer weten? Aarzel dan niet om contact met ons op te nemen! Samen ontrafelen we het mysterie van de lucht en daarbuiten.
19-06-2016
Steve Bassett the Reality of UFO Disclosure 2016
Steve Bassett the Reality of UFO Disclosure 2016
Published on Jun 16, 2016
Steve Bassett, executive director of the Paradigm Research Group, is the only registered "alien disclosure" lobbyist in the United States and has been campaigning for the White House to disclose what it really knows about UFOs the past 20 years.
The ufo disclosure movement are convinced that world leaders agreed a "truth embargo" on preventing the truth of alien visitations coming out after a legendary "flying saucer crash" in the New Mexico desert decades ago.
http://aquarianradio.com/ Hosts Janet Kira Lessin & Dr. Sasha Lessin interview Stephen Bassett and Grant Cameron on Sacred Matrix on Revolution Radio.
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ZIJN DE REUZEN TERUG OP AARDE ( VIDEO )
ZIJN DE REUZEN TERUG OP AARDE ( VIDEO )
Ooit hebben er reuzen op aarde geleefd, zoveel is zeker. Ze duiken niet alleen op in de bijbel, maar ook in alle verhalen van oude volkeren op aarde.
Misschien dat ze nu, net als de planeet Nibiru, weer terug zijn, want er zijn een aantal reuzen ontdekt bij de piramides van Gizeh in Egypte.
Normaal gesproken zou je zeggen dat het helemaal niet kan dat er een paar reuzen rondlopen op aarde. We leven echter in allesbehalve normale tijden.
Keer op keer schrijven wij op deze website over vreemde dingen die er gebeuren op aarde, zoals bijvoorbeeld de piramides die de naderende planeet Nibiru lijken te begroeten.
Ook de oude piramides lijken wereldwijd weer tot leven te komen en lichtstralen naar de hemel te sturen zoals wij schreven in een eerder artikel:
Ter vergelijking volgen hieronder enkele foto’s van piramides waar energiestralen zijn gefotografeerd.
De eerste is een opname vanaf de Bosnische piramide van de Zon.
De volgende is een opname van 24 juni 2009 toen iemand een foto nam van ChiChen Itza piramide, eveneens in Mexico. Deze straal was niet zichtbaar toen de foto werd genomen, maar werd pas later waargenomen toen de afdruk werd bekeken.
De volgende en laatste opname is al wat ouder en genomen in 2000. Ook hier een merkwaardige energie/lichtstraal afkomstig van de Piramide van de Maan, wederom in Mexico.
De beelden hierboven zijn ook allesbehalve “normaal” te noemen. Iets wat ze in de tijd van de bijbel wel heel gewoon vonden, was dat er in die tijd reuzen op aarde rondliepen.
De eerste aanwijzing dat er hier inderdaad reuzen hebben rondgelopen, vind je in de bijbel, zoals het volgende:
Genesis 6:1-4
"Toen de mensen zich op aarde begonnen te vermenigvuldigen en hun dochters geboren werden, zagen de zonen Gods, dat de dochters der mensen schoon waren, en zij namen zich daaruit vrouwen, wie zij maar verkozen. En de Here zeide: Mijn Geest zal niet altoos in de mens blijven, nu zij zich misgaan hebben; hij is vlees, zijn dagen zullen 120 jaar zijn. De reuzen waren in de die dagen op de aarde, en ook daarna toen de zonen Gods tot de dochters der mensen kwamen, en zij hun (kinderen) baarden; dit zijn de geweldigen uit de voortijd mannen van naam".
Naast in de bijbel, duiken de reuzen ook op in de verhalen van alle oude volkeren op aarde. Rond de Middellandse-zee, bij de indianen in Noord-Amerika en Canada, in Zuid-Amerika, in Tibet en in Australië. In de mythologieën van Oost en West in de sagen over Tiahuanacu en in de heldendichten van de Noormannen en Eskimo’s. De oude Chaldeeën hadden het over de reus Irdubar, in India sprak men van de Danawa en Daita en op Ceylon van Rakshasa, om zo maar een paar voorbeelden te noemen.
Voor wie meer wil weten over hoe het nu precies zit met de Nephilim, de reuzen of de Gevallen Engelen (boeklink) raden wij de volgende zeer informatieve documentaire aan van Trey Smith.
Laten er nu via Google afbeeldingen beschikbaar komen van reuzen, vlakbij de piramides van Gizeh.
Via Google Earth of Maps zie je het volgende als je naar een kleine woonwijk gaat, naast de piramides van Gizeh in Egypte.
Je ziet op de afbeelding aan de linkerkant van de weg een man oversteken die gezien de verschillen met de rest van de omgeving en andere mensen, minsten drie meter hoog moet zijn.
Aan de rechterkant van de weg zien we een man oversteken die zo mogelijk nog groter is dan die aan de linkerkant.
Volgens Google is de afbeelding waarop deze reuzen voorkomen al in 2009 genomen.
Het vreemde is natuurlijk dat, behalve dat we hier reuzen zien, dit gebeurt op een plek vlak naast de meest beroemde piramides op aarde.
De piramides die ogenschijnlijk ook een rol spelen bij de terugkeer van de planeet Nibiru.
Gaan oude tijden herleven en krijgen wij opnieuw te maken met reuzen of gevallen engelen?
Voor de liefhebbers navolgend een deel uit het eerdere artikel met bijbehorende documentaire.
De naam van de documentaire is “Origin of Genetic Evil” en hij neemt je mee op reis langs de menselijke genetica, de langwerpige schedels, de Nephilim schedels, oude schedels, de reuzenschedels en dat allemaal in het licht van exacte Hebreeuwse, Babylonische, Sumerische en Egyptische verslagen alsmede het boek van Henoch.
Nauwkeurige verslagen over de Nephilim, Anunnaki, buitenaardsen en Demonen, Gevallen Engelen en zelfs de vader aller leugens, satan. Van de diepten van de onderwereld en Lucifer tot de Bijbelse onthullingen en profetieën.
Een reis van de hemel naar de hel en de genetische hybriden en entiteiten daar tussenin.
32 UFOs in Google Earth Map All In One Video, June 2016, UFO Sighting News.
32 UFOs in Google Earth Map All In One Video, June 2016, UFO Sighting News
Date of discovery: unknown
Location of discovery: unknown
I love this video. It has a mixture of 32 different UFOs found on Google Earth over the years. Understand that there were hundreds more, but Google deleted those older ones.
Long ago, about 8 years ago, there were dozens of giant metal silver orbs over different countries around the world. Each one was reported (before I had this site so its not posted) and each one was deleted within weeks.
This is a great video put together by Argentine Marcelo Irazusta, and I really hope he gives us an update to the coordinates to this green UFO above.
Sandra Elena Andradestates: 32 UFOs in Google Earth is the new work presented by the researcher and ufologist Argentine Marcelo Irazusta. Perhaps the most complete collection of UFO images of Google Earth. A true work that brings definitive evidence of the existence of UFOs between us. 32 ovnis en Google Earth es el nuevo trabajo presentado por el investigador y ufologo argentino, Marcelo Irazusta. Talvez la coleccion de ovnis mas completa en imagenes de Google Earth. Un verdadero trabajo que trae pruebas definitivas de la existencia de ovnis entre nosotros.
Man Records UFOs "Dancing" Over Massachusetts Skies! 6/18/16 Amazing Video, UFO Sighting News.
Man Records UFOs "Dancing" Over Massachusetts Skies! 6/18/16 Amazing Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: June 18, 2016 Location of sighting: Massachusetts, USA Here is a cool video by Secureteam10 of Youtube. It shows not one, but a handful of white UFOs shooing around the sky over Massachusetts this week. To see it you really need to make it full screen. I've seen this before over Notre Dame stadium long ago when lightning struck the stadium...small white UFOs shot all around, sucking in the static electricity in the air, due to the storm. Scott C. Waring www.ufosightingsdaily.com SecureTeam10 States: Secureteam10 is your source for reporting the best in new UFO sighting news, information on the government coverup, and the alien activity happening on and off of our planet. Send us YOUR footage by visiting the contact links below, and help us continue the good fight for disclosure!
Guys, this UFO is just beautiful. When I added light to the photo, it really made the colors stand out. The green and the pink boarder are really memorizing. Christchurch is famous for its UFO sightings, and this is the best, most clearest that they have ever presented to us. This could be a UFO with an occupant, or it may be a remote drone, that allows the alien light years away to experience most senses through it...sight, sound, smell...maybe not feeling objects, but drones like that must come closer to gather such info. Sorry for the video below, its not on Youtube and I tried to make it bigger, but its still tiny. Scott C. Waring www.ufosightingsdaily.com
News states: A brightly coloured sphere filmed in the night sky near Christchurch this week joins a tradition, of mysterious objects seen in Kiwi skies, stretching back at least a century. Oisin Lavelle reported seeing and filming one sphere on Monday night and seeing three on Tuesday night. He watched the Monday night sphere for two hours before it sped away amid bursts of bright orange light.
NASA says its an object that was sitting in the ring and then was dislodged, I agee with that. It looks like a UFO was laying dormant in the ring and was suddenly turned on and shot out to do its job. This UFO was probably a drone, since the UFO may have been hiding there for an infinite amount of years.
Of course there are some dormant ships that have a living human-like pilot...for instance the Apollo 20 mission ship in Deporte crater on Earths moon. The pilot (a woman) had a third eye on her forehead and was attached to the pilot controls with an umbilical cord-like tubes. This woman was recovered by the astronauts, taken back to earth...all the time she was said to be in a stasis, not alive...not dead. I askedWilliam Rutledge on Youtube (RetiredAFB) for more info (he was an astronaut on the mission), but his account was hacked, videos mostly deleted, and at about 80 years old, decided to give up trying to teach the world about what he saw. He did leave a message I read saying "congratulations to the ones hacking my account, you have great hacking skills." or something like that. That was the last we ever heard of William 8 years ago.
A bright disruption in Saturn's narrow F ring suggests it may have been disturbed recently. This feature was mostly likely not caused by Pandora (50 miles or 81 kilometers across) which lurks nearby, at lower right. More likely, it was created by the interaction of a small object embedded in the ring itself and material in the core of the ring. Scientists sometimes refer to these features as "jets." Because these bodies are small and embedded in the F ring itself, they are difficult to spot at the resolution available to NASA's Cassini spacecraft. Instead, their handiwork reveals their presence, and scientists use the Cassini spacecraft to study these stealthy sculptors of the F ring. This view looks toward the sunlit side of the rings from about 15 above the ring plane. The image was taken in visible light with the Cassini spacecraft narrow-angle camera on April 8, 2016. The view was acquired at a distance of approximately 1.4 million miles (2.2 million kilometers) from Saturn and at a Sun-Saturn-spacecraft, or phase, angle of 105 degrees. Image scale is 8 miles (13 kilometers) per pixel. The Cassini mission is a cooperative project of NASA, ESA (the European Space Agency) and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington. The Cassini orbiter and its two onboard cameras were designed, developed and assembled at JPL. The imaging operations center is based at the Space Science Institute in Boulder, Colorado.
Paradigm Research Group Wants A Different Form Of Disclosure
Paradigm Research Group Wants A Different Form Of Disclosure
It has been reported many times that Hillary Clinton will dig deeper into the UFO issues once she becomes the next U.S. president. UFOlogists and conspiracy theorists have been claiming that several governments have evidence of extraterrestrial visitations, but keeping it secret to the public because of fear of potential impacts on the rule of law and religion. Bill and Hillary have long intrigued the disclosure movement after making moves in the 1990s related to the disclosure.
Things got more interested when Mrs Clinton promised to look into the alleged alien technology that has been hidden at Area 51 in Nevada. She said: “I’m going to get to the bottom of it.” Temperatures raised another level earlier in March when Hillary’s most trusted advisor John Podesta reaffirmed commitment to declassify top-secret UFO files.
However, Paradigm Research Group would rather want a different form of disclosure from Hillary’s camp. The group is not only interested in alien visitation, but also on claims about aliens secretly engage with world leaders. The research organization wants to lift the truth embargo, which it says has been in force since the 1940s. The controversy stems from Clintons’ dealings with friend Laurence Rockefeller, the late billionaire philanthropist.
Rockefeller made a fortune through oil and banking and was part of the family considered as one of the most influential in U.S. history. In 1993, the business person started an approach to the disclosure, including CIA classified files, in what became the Rockefeller initiative. Rockefeller advocated a review of the legendary Roswell case with the help of then director of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy and advisor to the president, late Dr John “Jack” Gibbons.
However, the Roswell review initiated by Rockefeller concluded there was no alien involvement and the event mainly involved a balloon, but not a weather balloon, as first reported, but a top-secret nuclear-detection balloon being tested at the time. The US Air Force said that the weather balloon explanation was provided at the time for national security reasons. The UFO community labeled the report a whitewash for not explaining any of the testimony from the witnesses.
Aside from Roswell, Rockefeller had planned to write a direct open letter to then President Bill Clinton along with a threat of taking out adverts in the press. Rockefeller wanted a full disclosure and an amnesty for all witnesses to come forward and avoid prosecution. Dr Gibbons reportedly prevented Rockefeller from doing it. However, the threat somehow carries some weight as Rockefeller secured the ears of Mr and Mrs Clinton at his ranch.
During the seven-day vacation of the Clinton family in August 1995 at the Rockefeller Teton Ranch, the 85-year-old billionaire privately talked the First Lady and the President of UFOs and his hopes. No one knows what was said exactly, but Mr Clinton was carrying a review of how the government handled confidential material at that time. Later that day, Mrs Clinton was photographed walking through the ranch in conversation with Rockefeller, carrying a copy of a Paul Davies book “Are We Alone: Philosophical Implications of the Discovery of Extra-terrestrial Life.” (Amazon link) However, until today, no member of the Clinton team ever say a word about it publicly.
Thanks to those who have donated. We are working hard to bring you that latest information.
In special reports, this week’s files cover: Hermann Oberth Father of Rocketry says UFOs Are Extraterrestrial, UFO History, Mystery of the Black Triangle, UFO History, Space Station Cam Spots UFO, New Planets Found, Beyond Science Fiction, Navy Drone, and Mars Lakes.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Arizona, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, South Carolina, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Washington
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Arab Emirates, Argentina, Canada, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malta, and Scotland in the United Kingdom.
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The weekly intelligence report provides you with information on the latest sightings and UFO news that you need to understand the world situation. The purpose of these files is to report the UFO eyewitness and photo/video evidence that occurs on a daily basis around the world and in space. These Files assume that extraterrestrial intelligent life not only exists, but my hypothesis is that the over a thousand UFOs reported each month represent technologically advanced spacecraft conducting surveillance of Earth. I personally became interested in UFOs when London Control ordered me to intercept one over England while flying for the US Air Force and Prince Phillip told me of his personal interest in UFOs. The US Air Force investigated UFOs for more than twenty years under Project Blue Book; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFO’s are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
There is a new world coming
George A. Filer III
Photo captured on June 4, 2016 in Jersey City, New Jersey
New Jersey State Director
MUFON Eastern Region Director
Www.nationalUFOcenter.com. Now receiving 3 million hits a month
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Special Projects
Hermann Oberth Father of Rocketry says UFOs Are Extraterrestrial
West Germany, in conjunction with other European countries, conducted a secret study from 1951 to 1954, also concluding that UFOs were extraterrestrial. This study was revealed by German rocketry pioneer Hermann Oberth, who headed the study and who also made many public statements supporting the ETH in succeeding years. At the study’s conclusion in 1954, Oberth declared, “These objects (UFOs) are conceived and directed by intelligent beings of a very high order. They do not originate in our solar system, perhaps not in our galaxy.” Soon afterwards, in an article in The American Weekly, October 24, 1954, Oberth wrote “It is my thesis that flying saucers are real and that they are space ships from another solar system. I think that they possibly are manned by intelligent observers who are members of a race that may have been investigating our earth for centuries…” In the autumn of 1929, Oberth conducted a static firing of his first liquid-fueled rocket motor, which he named the Kegeldüse. The engine was built by Klaus Riedel in a workshop space provided by the Reich Institution of Chemical Technology, and although it lacked a cooling system, it did run briefly.[10] He was helped in this experiment by an 18-year-old student Wernher von Braun, who would later become a giant in both German and American rocket engineering from the 1940s onward, culminating with the gigantic Saturn V rockets that made it possible for men to land on the Moon.
Mystery of the Black Triangle
These are large, triangular-shaped UFOs, often black in color, with rounded corners and making a low, humming noise. They disappear in horizon at unbelievable speed. These are big crafts and show up from nowhere. The first sighting of these mystery triangles was recorded and reported in 1965. Some say it was first sighted in 1950s. For some time people have said these are secret military projects – the next generation stealth aircrafts. But why are they flying the same way since sixties. How come the technology never changed in last forty-five years? According to many these Flying Triangle UFO Mystery objects are the outcome of direct transfer of technologies from extraterrestrials to human civilization in different parts of the world. The triangle shaped UFOs use anti-gravity propulsion. They also use superconductors to create the electromagnetic flux as well as anti-gravity propulsion. That is why the humming noise comes out. Many of these are available all over the world because most likely the technology has been transferred from the extraterrestrial aliens to human civilization in different parts of the world. Some laugh at this theory and say people are seeing illusions. But when have you heard people seeing exactly same illusions in places tens of thousands of miles apart. The propagation, navigation and feedback controls in these UFOs match the theoretical requirements in a typical advanced extraterrestrial UFO. At the same token it is made by different countries with whom the alien civilizations are collaborating. Such possibilities are very strong says some UFO researchers. The departments and ministries of defense in all the countries involved are tight lipped. They just do not recognize anything anyone saw. However, the facts points finger towards a secret joint development in a collaborative manner with the aliens to develop these UFOs. NOTE: The above image is CGI. Ken Pfeifer MUFON NJ Website
UFO History
Fitzwilliam Museum Cambridge , England
Stories of fantastical celestial apparitions have been told since antiquity, but the term “UFO” (or “UFOB”) was officially created in 1953 by the United States Air Force (USAF) to serve as a catch-all for all such reports. The term flying saucers did not describe the various types of craft. Sightings throughout history often were treated as supernatural portents, angels, or other religious omens. Some current-day UFO researchers have noticed similarities between some religious symbols in medieval paintings and UFO reports though the canonical and symbolic character of such images is documented by art historians placing more conventional religious interpretations on such images.
On January 25, 1878, the Denison Daily News printed an article in which John Martin, a local farmer, had reported seeing a large, dark, circular object resembling a balloon flying “at wonderful speed.” Martin, according to the newspaper account, said it appeared to be about the size of a saucer, the first known use of the word “saucer” in association with a UFO.
In April 1897 thousands of people reported seeing “airships” in various parts of the United States. Many signed affidavits. Scores of people even reported talking to the pilots.
On February 28, 1904, there was a sighting by three crew members on the USS Supply 300 miles (483 km) west of San Francisco, reported by Lieutenant Frank Schofield, later to become Commander-in-Chief of the Pacific Battle Fleet. Schofield wrote of three bright red egg-shaped and circular objects flying in echelon formation that approached beneath the cloud layer, then changed course and “soared” above the clouds, departing directly away from the earth after two to three minutes. The largest had an apparent size of about six Suns, he said
The three earliest known pilot UFO sightings, of 1,305 similar sightings cataloged by NARCAP, took place in 1916 and 1926. On January 31, 1916, a UK pilot near Rochfordreported a row of lights, resembling lighted windows on a railway carriage that rose and disappeared. In January 1926 a pilot reported six “flying manhole covers” between Wichita, Kansas, and Colorado Springs, Colorado.
In late September 1926 an airmail pilot over Nevada said he had been forced to land by a huge, wingless, cylindrical object.
On August 5, 1926, while traveling in theExtra-Terrestrial Humboldt Mountains of Tibet‘s Kokonor region, Russian explorer Nicholas Roerich reported, members of his expedition saw “something big and shiny reflecting the sun, like a huge oval moving at great speed. Crossing our camp the thing changed in its direction from south to southwest. And we saw how it disappeared in the intense blue sky. We even had time to take our field glasses and saw quite distinctly an oval form with shiny surface, one side of which was brilliant from the sun.”[27] Another description by Roerich was of a “shiny body flying from north to south. Field glasses are at hand. It is a huge body. One side glows in the sun. It is oval in shape. Then it somehow turns in another direction and disappears in the southwest.
In the Pacific and European theatres during World War II, “foo fighters” (metallic spheres, balls of light and other shapes that followed aircraft) were reported and on occasion photographed by Allied and Axis pilots. Some proposed Allied explanations at the time included St. Elmo’s fire, the planet Venus, hallucinations from oxygen deprivation, or German secret weapons.
Photo is of a Nazi craft flying in 1944 courtesy of Jeff Rense.
The phrase “flying saucer” had gained widespread attention after the summer of 1947. On June 24, a civilian pilot named Kenneth Arnold reported seeing nine objects flying in formation near Mount Rainier. Arnold timed the sighting and estimated the speed of discs to be over 1,200 mph (1,931 km/h). At the time, he described the objects’ shape as being somewhat disc-like or saucer-like, leading to newspaper accounts of “flying saucers” and “flying discs.
V-2 Rocket
In 1946 more than 2,000 reports were collected, primarily by the Swedish military, of unidentified aerial objects over the Scandinavian nations, along with isolated reports from France, Portugal, Italy and Greece. The objects were referred to as “Russian hail” and later as “ghost rockets” because it was thought that the mysterious objects were possibly Russian tests of captured German V1 or V2rockets. Although most were thought to be such natural phenomena as meteors, more than 200 were tracked on radar by the Swedish military and deemed to be “real physical objects.” In a 1948, Swedish authorities advised the USAF Europe that some of their investigators believed these craft to be extraterrestrial in secret document origin. Website
ISS Cam spots UFO
While watching the space station cam I noticed that the HD cam was zoomed in on an area of the Earth directly below it on June 13, 2016. Then I noticed a disk shaped object that had matched speed with the space station. The ISS travels at about 17,150 miles per hour or 5 miles per second, so yeah…that UFO is moving. Also whenever this UFO passed through the white clouds, the UFO became more visible, until the end of the video when it disappeared below the clouds. Scott C. Waring
New Planets Found
A fascinating photo shows what could be a newly discovered planet circling a star 1,200 light-years from Earth. In 2012, scientists discovered that the star, called CVSO 30 hosts at least one possible exoplanet, named CVSO 30b. But this image, released on Monday, shows evidence of another world — dubbed CVSO 30c for now — that may also be circling the star, according to the European Southern Observatory (ESO).
CVSO 30 is the bright dot in the center of the image, and CVSO 30c — which has not yet been confirmed as a true planet — looks like a little brown smudge up and to the left of the star.
Researchers think that CVSO 30c takes about 27,000 years to orbit the star, while it only takes about 11 hours for CVSO 30b to make a complete circuit.
CVSO 30b was discovered using the “transit method.” It measures minute dips in a star’s light, which can signal a planet passing in from of the stellar object from Earth’s perspective. CVSO 30c, on the other hand, was discovered using direct imaging — which, as the name suggests, involves capturing a direct image of the planet. SEE ALSO: 1,284 alien planets confirmed in new study of NASA Kepler data. Thanks to ESO
Beyond Science Fiction
Jim has had a lifelong interest in UFOs since he was a child in the late 50’s. This led to his current position as a Religious Research specialist for the Mutual UFO Network since 1996. He is also a member of the alumni at Central Bible College and was ordained by the Independent Assemblies of God in 1980. An avid reader, Jim is experienced and comfortable with studying the Bible in its original languages and spending hours in research as a hobby. Originally from Detroit Michigan, Jim founded and served in one of the nation’s first evangelical Christian Motorcycle clubs in the early 70’s. Jim served as Pastor in the inner city of Detroit working within the counter cultures associated with drugs and gangs. He has had almost 30 years experience working in deliverance ministries engaged in spiritual warfare that have enabled many to be set free from these bondages. Taking this experience with him into the investigation of UFOs and Alien abductions,
Jim has become actively involved within the UFO community, with two other colleagues and the Alien Abduction Crises Centers of America was founded. This is a nation-wide network to provide Biblical based support and help for abductees after receiving terminations of their abduction experiences from the Biblical based counseling they provide as a free service. He set up a book store/ museum in Roswell NM. This book is the result of over ten years intensive first hand investigation and study of the subject and the people involved. It promises to be one of the most comprehensive scripturally backed books written so far, that weaves many different topics into one story of Paradise lost and found. Not since the great flood of Noah has there been such an elaborate deception put upon mankind. This book exposes it all for your consideration. Unlike many sensational books that leave you left in fear and hopelessness, this book will leave you with hope and answers for the fearful things described and soon to fall upon an unsuspecting planet.
New Navy Drone
Rear Admiral Ted Branch, commander of Naval Air Forces Atlantic, said, “As our access to overseas ports, forward operating locations and airspace is diminished around the world, the value of the aircraft carrier and the air wing becomes more and more important.” James Lewis, senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, claims that the new Joint Strike Fighter jet “might be the last manned fighter the U.S. ever builds,” because they are “so expensive,” and “so complex,” while the military puts “a human at risk every time it takes off from a carrier.”
Speaking on the effectiveness of the X-47B that launches off carriers, and future stealth drones like it, he claimed, “This is the next generation of military technology — the unmanned vehicles, the unmanned submersibles, the unmanned aircraft. This will be the future of warfare, and it will be a warfare that is a little less risky for humans but maybe a little more effective when it comes to delivering weapons and effect.” The U.S. military claims that the X-47B is experimental; they will just use it to develop drones for use in the future. Remember, however, it wasn’t long ago that the denied the X-47B even existed.
Mars Lakes
The screenshot is untouched and directly from the NASA MSSS link. It’s a bit mind-blowing, but there are lakes on Mars and we now have government evidence to back that up. This is 100% proof that lakes and rivers exist on Mars, which means that fish and water creatures do as well. Water is a main source for animals to exist, so this may also be a big visiting spot from some smaller life forms (remember the Mars rabbit?).
It is believed that NASA was not created to help the public to learn what’s beyond our world, but instead was created to stifle that with mediocre info leaks, holding the Earth back in its knowledge until the government deems the world is ready. Whatsupinthesky37 is not taking this hands down. He is a warrior of the field of alien research on Mars, and he is already raising the level of awareness of all humanity. We now have over 5 or 6 very good shots from the air that seem to show frozen or warm water lakes sitting on the Martian surface. This has never been addressed by NASA since we are still looking for these “miniscule” traces of life and water. I ask you to use your judgment on this one. What does this look like to you? Scott C. Waring www.ufosightingsdaily.com NASA link to the lakes: Website
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Filer’s Files #25 – 2016 New ET Planets Found - PART II
Filer’s Files #25 – 2016 New ET Planets Found - PART II
UFO Sighting s over the United States
Arizona Triangle
Sedona — My life partner and I set out tonight to consciously look for UFOs and to stargaze as we often do. Sedona is the Extra-Terrestrial (e.t.) capitol of the world, so we often engage in long, late night drives like we did on June 9, 2016. We drove on 89A near the Chapel of the Holy Cross and saw several small UFOs, which may have been shooting stars or aircraft. We were the only ones on 89A for several miles. My partner spotted a very bright light off in the distance and seemed to be hovering over the cliff walls to the right of Bell Rock. It was brighter than Sirius and Venus combined together and it just sat there motionless. It was too low for an ordinary plane. My partner stopped the car in the middle of 89A trying to discern whether it was a man-made craft or not. It was silent. I consider extraterrestrials to be my “star family.” The instant I said that, the white light became SO bright that I had to look away for a moment because it hurt my eyes. The white light appeared to be emanating from a dome shaped structure on the top of the craft. Then the craft was rapidly descending and heading straight for our car at astonishing speed. It reached us in seconds. The craft sped SO quickly to us that it was almost scary. It was completely silent and flew at a very low altitude. It was pretty large and definitely not a drone. It was shaped almost like an upside down “Y” and had a definite triangular presence to it and we saw blinking lights in the corners of the “wings” as it literally came to a point right above our car. The craft slowed down above our car.
It didn’t stop but it came at us with the seeming intention of letting us know that its passengers saw us. It started to curve over us a little bit almost like it was going to head towards Airport Mesa behind us. I turned to my partner to see their face (full of pure awe) and when I turned around to see where the craft went, it was completely gone. My partner stated that if we had hit a baseball hard enough, we probably could have hit it. If it had flown towards Cathedral Rock it would have crashed into it because of how low it was. The fact that it shined its light as brightly as it could the minute I addressed it and the fact that it literally zoomed to our car like a little white fireball was extremely intriguing. My partner remembers a blue light, white light, and green light. I saw the massive white light and the green light, but instead of blue I saw a couple of red lights blinking. Sitting there and when I looked at the car clock it said 11:11 p.m. Thanks to MUFON CMS
California Lights
Joshua Tree — On June 4, 2016 by Kristie Cowan’s at Contact in the Desert UFO Conference: Around 10:00 in the evening. There was a small airport south of us and a Marine Base northeast of us- but all the activity came from the west going due east. At Orion Lookout we set up for our CE-5 protocols. One of us was filming, and I was spotting with Celestron stargazing binoculars and a green laser. As we began I was able to spot many stars, planets, planes and satellites. There was a parade of 7 orbs/UFOs flying faster than satellites and as high as planes from west over the mountains and disappearing to the east. The orbs were a defused soft green, soft red and soft lilac blue. They gave us quite a show! We pointed our laser pointers and flashed them three times and they flashed us back! The 2nd, 3ed, & 4th ones formed a triangle configuration as they passed us! The crowd of around 100 people went wild with cheers, clapping, and jumping up and down. At this time I did feel a “heart” connection, thanking them and sending love to them. Sadly, my friend that was recording came up with just audio, however a documentary over on Melinda Leslies side got footage of all the activity. Not only are they here, it appears they are friendly! The orbs/UFOs were large enough to be seen with the unaided eye, quite large actually and looked like an orb of soft diffused light. The orbs/UFOs glowed with one single light (unlike recreational and military drones that glow with 2 or more). The type of glow was unlike anything I have ever seen in my research on military drones. I saw no structures connected to the glowing lights. Thanks to Kristie Cowan’s
Colorado Triangle
Loveland — I was out filming in my yard with an old camera on June 12, 2016. I was watching a bunny then I started to look around in the sky (1st look) and saw nothing. I resumed looking around my yard then I looked at the mountains, and then scrolled towards 2 cottonwood trees. In the center, I glanced around. It was until I reviewed the tape that I saw it: Hovering near a cloud, it was a near-transparent pyramid with only the outline visible. In less than a second, it quickly went up and ‘cloaked’ itself. I was pretty spooked… and I showed it to my parents and they said it could be reflection or a cloaked ship. Thanks to MUFON
Delaware Object
Harrington — I was going for my morning walk on Wednesday June 2, 2016. I walked into town, and was planning to buy some water and head home. I looked up high and it was the colors that made me notice it. And then it was tumbling and flying upward in a cartwheel-like manner. It first looked black but then I saw colors. It would flash bright blue, yellow, and red. It started off below the clouds, but as it tumbled, it was rising so that it was very high, above the clouds. I saw it tumbling. On my video, it appeared at the top to jump suddenly from one place to the other. When I finally stopped filming, it was because the drone had reversed its course. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Florida Cylinder
Ormond Beach– I observed something very strange on evening of June 10, 2016 at 9:10 pm. I was outside looking west when I observed what appeared to be a fireball t traveling north. It was three times brighter than Jupiter and very bright white yellow orange and had a slight tail pointing south. I instantly thought fireball, but the object was slowing down, so I thought this object was space junk. This object was “dropping” what appeared to be hot material that was same color as the object. The object continued to slow down and dripped the strange material two times before the object slowed to a complete stop. As the object remained stationary it dripped the bright material momentarily. It took ten seconds to stop- which is far too long of a time for any fireball or space junk. I observed this object stationary for two minutes and shot one still photo with my iPhone. I’ve been a dedicated amateur astronomer for over 40 years and I know the sky well. This was neither a fireball or space junk, ISS, satellites or planets. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Boca Raton — My girlfriend and I Observed a cigar-disc type object hovering low (400-500 feet up) on June 12, 2016. It was silent and had very bright colors rotating around it. It would tilt. And I ran through golf course to get a better video angle on my phone. It started moving south, and then hooked around an apartment building. I saw it come from behind building in distance; and change into an orange energy ball before I lost sight of it at 9:17 pm.
An hour later I observed a black triangle with three flashing bright lights (1 red, 2 white although one of the white lights appeared green at some points). It flew from the southwest approx. 800-1000 feet up, and circled over my head. My iPhone camera got static twice, after circling twice it took off fast to the north. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Illinois Object
Rochester – I was taking pictures on June 11, 2016, of sunset when checking pictures to send to local meteorologist I noticed something with four lights in picture. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Massachusetts Object
Vineyard Haven — Doing yard work when I noticed the first object passing over at 3:15 PM, on June 14, 2016. I was in the shadow of my roof line and thought that is a strange shiny object. It passed at a good clip in a NW to SE direction. One minute after another traveled the identical route. Then others passed over pretty evenly spaced by about 1-2 minutes between. As the sixth one passed over my son drove up the driveway and I insisted he watch. He saw one pass over and dismissed it as a Mylar balloon. They didn’t look like balloons to me and I felt they were small craft of some kind. I ran into the house and grabbed my Cannon power shot camera and shot two short clips of video. Took four pictures and the battery died. I got my binoculars and made notes. The sun was reflecting off of them brightly to begin with and they appeared to have a small dome on top and a faint red orange ring at the base of the dome. The shape overall was a fat disc or squashed basketball with the dome on top. The final one I saw was at 4:03 PM and it passed over a small single engine plane. I have to guess that the plane was about 600 to 800 feet and the object was 200 feet higher. The final orb traveled N to S then took a slight hook to the E. This was so fascinating and I saw 25orbs total. Thanks to MUFON CMS
New Jersey Disc
Jersey City — My mother and special needs sister went up to a family member’s barn to see the horses on June 4, 2016, to take pictures of my sister and animals. My mother later that day came home and sent me pictures of my sister and the horse.
The first and second picture with the object in upper left hand corner peeked my interest. My family truly believes that there is so much more then we even know or can explain. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Mantua— Triangular UFO hovered over route 45 in NJ and turned on its side over the road and then flew sideways towards Philadelphia at approximately 10 mph. I have never encountered any aircraft like this in my life. It made no noise and it seemed to have multicolored lights rotating inside one light. If anyone else witness this at 9:40 pm on June 10th 2016.Thanks to MUFON CMS
Oregon Lights
Salem — I’m posting this. A friend of mine was taking a photo of the morning sunrise from work.
He posted this photo on Facebook. I noticed this in the photo. Thanks to MUFON CMS
South Carolina Triangle
Indian Land — A large, black triangle UFO was spotted on May 26, 2016, by a witness that moved away so quickly, it made the witness upset. He was lying in bed when he noticed a light out a bedroom window on May 26, 2016. The witness saw a white light along with red and blue lights blinking on the UFO. It was moving too fast to be a plane, so he got up and ran to the window. Its light so big and considering the distance. The witness just saw the blue and red strobes on the wings. The witness observed the triangle as it moved behind trees, still traveling at very fast speed. He noticed a smaller white light following the first object. Just before the witness lost sight of it, he realized that the two lights were connected and that he was actually looking at a huge, black triangle craft with lights at the points. He was upset when he got outside because it was gone. NOTE: The above image is CGI. Ken Pfeifer MUFON NJ Website
Pennsylvania Orb
Belle Vernon — Out with my Mom on June12, 2016 she had to go to a few stores that evening; I stopped to get a couple of pictures randomly.
When looking them over later, I found some with an “object” that I hadn’t noticed when taking them originally. I was facing west into the sunset, so these could be artifacts or reflections, but the object shows the same pixilation as the rest of the sky, etc.
So I thought I’d let you guys make that call. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Texas Lights
Killeen — As I was walking out of IHOP with my boyfriend on June 12, 2016, we noticed there was lightening in the sky. We also noticed there were Amber colored lights just falling out the sky at a distance.
We were thinking it was maybe transformers but then I started doing my research and I noticed it could have been a UFO. Yes, my heart dropped. I watch too many movies so of course I was paranoid. I am submitting this so there can be further investigation.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
Washington Object
Tacoma – I’m a public school teacher and former lawyer, On June 12, 2016, my birthday, I was at my aunt’s house near the Narrows Bridge and saw what I thought was a helicopter. I watched it through the window for a few minutes, but as it neared I went outside. It had blinking lights that repeated its pattern, much like a plane, but I saw no wings. Once outside, I heard no sound. Once it neared overhead I took this 30 seconds of video. I then went out in the backyard to continue watching it. I showed my uncle and cousin. Neither knew what it was. By the time we got binoculars it was so far in the distance I could no longer spot it. We just saw it within the past 20 minutes.
P.s. After re-examining the footage, it appears the spherical object was rotating on its axis. The light source at its base appears to show this. The object was traveling with the wind (5 MPH from the NNE), too.
Note: The object is not a balloon or helicopter. As stated by witness it has no wings. It is also not a drone. Perhaps it is a real UFO. Thanks to William Puckett, Director Website
Worldwide UFO Sightings
Arab Emirates
Dubai — I was in Bin Ladin Signal near the police station around 3 am in Sarah. I didn’t have the remaining balance to pay my taxi so my house is not far from where I stopped. I saw a light moving very fast. From a different direction came three lights forming a triangle. Ten minutes later the craft changed direction and flew different ways. I tried to record but my mobile battery is not charged to record video so I took some pictures with my phone. I can see some high way light and I was scared to even go home alone. When I got home I charge my mobile and zoom the picture in and I can understand the shape., I got home and I feel confused, this is the second time I saw UFO at my company where I live. I asked my boss to get CCTV camera but they did not. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Argentina Disk
El Cholar– The witness said he found an object on Google Earth in Argentina that he wanted me to take a look at, because it had a disk shape. When I checked out the coordinates he gave me, I found that the UFO was visible four times. The first three times it’s seen far away, but still a disk shape. The fourth and final time its extremely close and tilted again. Its also tilted, which is what Bob Lazar (Area S4 scientist) says that disks need to do to move from place to place. It also has an antenna sticking out of it. Purpose may be for magnetic energy waves it harnesses to hover. This is a very old and secluded farms area from the 1800s. This is the perfect location for UFOs to do research on humans or other creatures and not be noticed. Google coordinates: 37°26’35.60″S 70°39’13.09″W Scott C. Waring
Canada Sphere
Hope — I’m contacting you to see if you can help me explain a picture I took on my phone on June 4, 2016, at: 10:46 AM. The blurry object is what puzzles me. I just noticed it when I looked thru my pictures later it freaked me. I will be grateful for any help. Thank you.
Response of Witness to Investigator Questions: This picture was taken in a small town called Hope, in British Columbia. There has been a lot of activity in the Vancouver area for the past 2 to 3 months Note:The object is probably a bird or insect. The camera was zoomed out and the focal length was short. The apparent blurring is probably due to motion and the object is probably close to the lens. Thanks to William Puckett, Director Website
Kenora, Ontario– I was driving down a side road on June 11, 2016, at a remote location.
I stopped and filmed a white object flying at high speed moving right to left. It made no noise.
Perplexing, and my heart was racing. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Germany Triangle
Kühren–I was at my friend’s birthday party in a little village that hasn’t many street lights it was already very dark on November 1, 2014. We went outside and played hide and seek. Two friends were hiding in a very dark place and saw three big lights in a triangle shape with a little red light in the middle. It was moving very fast and the lights were steady and not flashing like airplane lights. It made no sounds although it was very big and near to me. It was flying in a straight line and disappeared behind some houses after a couple seconds.
There wasn’t an airport anywhere nearby so why should a plane this size fly so close to the ground and make no sounds. When I saw the object I felt really weird and couldn’t really talk. After it was gone I asked my two friends if they’ve seen it too, they had but they thought it was just an airplane. I am still really confused what this was. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Italy Crop Circle
Alba– Crop Circle of seven pointed star found in field in Alba, Italy on June 13, 2016.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
Japan Oval
Tokyo — My sister just came back from Tokyo and as we were looking at her photos we saw that strange orange oval shape.
Any idea what this could be? It was taken at 7:00 PM two weeks ago on June 1, 2016, in Tokyo, Japan.
Sorry for bugging you again. I am just curious. Thanks to William Puckett, Director Website
Malta Disc
Cospicua— At 9:42 PM, while observing night sky on my roof I saw a very bright silvery shining object round disc-shaped heading east. Its size was as much as five times the size and brightness of Jupiter as visible from Earth. It was at 70 degrees elevation in the Ursa Major constellation and disappeared at once as it reached an elevation of 40 degrees. Its speed if at 40K feet from ground was as much as three times that of an aircraft traveling at 850<900 kms="" hr="" at="" the="" same="" height="" this="" fact="" excited="" me="" as="" i="" realized="" it="" was="" not="" an="" aircraft="" 10:05="" and="" 10:12="" pm="" orange="" point="" source="" noticed="" first="" going="" from="" north="" to="" south="" a="" constant="" elevation="" of="" 70="" 75="" degrees="" then="" back="" on="" track="" estimated="" altitude="" round="" 60="" 65k="" feet="" ground="" traveling="" 2000="" witness="" checked="checked" real-time="" flight="" tracking="" radar="" programmes="" web="" but="" none="" indicated="" any="" in="" areas="" mentioned="" thanks="" mufon="" cms="" span="">
UK Scotland Orb
Edinburg — We were in a park when we observed the object in the sky on June 5, 2016. It was not like and airplane or something similar. We thought that maybe would be a satellite but we were very suspicious about the object.
It looked very distant and reflective, not very easy to see. We had the feeling that was something weird and tried to take some pictures with a camera (60mm lens).
For our surprise, the camera was able to catch it (We had to use the trees as a reference to take the picture and also to be able to find the little dot later). Thanks to MUFON CMS
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17-06-2016
7 Theories on the Origin of Life
7 Theories on the Origin of Life
By Charles Q. Choi, Live Science Contributor
INTRO
Primordial soup
Credit: NASA/JPL
Life on Earth began more than 3 billion years ago, evolving from the most basic of microbes into a dazzling array of complexity over time. But how did the first organisms on the only known home to life in the universe develop from the primordial soup?
One theory involved a "shocking" start. Another idea is utterly chilling. And one theory is out of this world!
Inside you'll learn just how mysterious this all is, as we reveal the different scientific theories on the origins of life on Earth.
Credit: stock.xchng
7.Electric Spark
Lighring may have provided the spark needed for life to begin.
Electric sparks can generate amino acids and sugars from an atmosphere loaded with water, methane, ammonia and hydrogen, as was shown in thefamous Miller-Urey experiment reported in 1953, suggesting that lightning might have helped create the key building blocks of life on Earth in its early days. Over millions of years, larger and more complex molecules could form. Although research since then has revealed the early atmosphere of Earth was actually hydrogen-poor, scientists have suggested that volcanic clouds in the early atmosphere might have held methane, ammonia and hydrogen and been filled with lightning as well.
Or could simple clay have fueled life’s beginning? Read on to find out.
Credit: Chemistry
6. Community Clay
The first molecules of life might have met on clay, according to an idea elaborated by organic chemist Alexander Graham Cairns-Smith at the University of Glasgow in Scotland. These surfaces might not only have concentrated these organic compounds together, but also helped organize them into patterns much like our genes do now.
The main role of DNA is to store information on how other molecules should be arranged. Genetic sequences in DNA are essentially instructions on how amino acids should be arranged in proteins. Cairns-Smith suggests that mineral crystals in clay could have arranged organic molecules into organized patterns. After a while, organic molecules took over this job and organized themselves.
Or maybe life began at the bottom of the sea. Keep going to learn how.
Credit: MARUM
5. Deep-Sea Vents
The deep-sea vent theory suggests that life may have begun at submarine hydrothermal vents spewing key hydrogen-rich molecules. Their rocky nooks could then have concentrated these molecules together and provided mineral catalysts for critical reactions. Even now, these vents, rich in chemical and thermal energy, sustain vibrant ecosystems.
The next idea is a chilling thought. Read on!
Credit: Eric Rignot, NASA JPL
4. Chilly Start
Ice might have covered the oceans 3 billion years ago, as the sun was about a third less luminous than it is now, scientists say. This layer of ice, possibly hundreds of feet thick, might have protected fragile organic compounds in the water below from ultraviolet light and destruction from cosmic impacts. The cold might have also helped these molecules to survive longer, allowing key reactions to happen. [Related: The Ingredients of Life]
Understanding life’s origin may involve unravelling the mystery of DNA's formation, as we explain next.
Nowadays DNA needs proteins in order to form, and proteins require DNA to form, so how could these have formed without each other? The answer may beRNA, which can store information like DNA, serve as an enzyme like proteins, and help create both DNA and proteins. Later DNA and proteins succeeded this "RNA world," because they are more efficient.
RNA still exists and performs several functions in organisms, including acting as an on-off switch for some genes. The question still remains how RNA got here in the first place. And while some scientists think the molecule could have spontaneously arisen on Earth, others say that was very unlikely to have happened. Other nucleic acids other than RNA have been suggested as well, such as the more esoteric PNA or TNA.
A study in 2015 suggests the missing link in this RNA puzzle may have been found.
We have two last ideas to throw at you . . .
2. Simple Beginnings
Instead of developing from complex molecules such as RNA, life might have begun with smaller molecules interacting with each other in cycles of reactions. These might have been contained in simple capsules akin to cell membranes, and over time more complex molecules that performed these reactions better than the smaller ones could have evolved, scenarios dubbed "metabolism-first" models, as opposed to the "gene-first" model of the "RNA world" hypothesis.
The final theory is truly out of this world. Check out the next slide.
Perhaps life did not begin on Earth at all, but was brought here from elsewhere in space, a notion known as panspermia. For instance, rocks regularly get blasted off Mars by cosmic impacts, and a number of Martian meteorites have been found on Earth that some researchers have controversially suggested brought microbes over here, potentially making us all Martians originally. Other scientists have even suggested that life might have hitchhiked on comets from other star systems. However, even if this concept were true, the question of how life began on Earth would then only change to how life began elsewhere in space.
Oh, and if you thought all that was mysterious, consider this: Scientists admit they don't even have a good definition of life!
A European space mission has achieved the closest thing to a true free fall ever observed for a human-created object, demonstrating the technologyneeded to build a future observatory that will hunt for gravitational waves far from Earth, scientists said.
The two gold-platinum cubes inside the European Space Agency's (ESA)LISA Pathfinder spacecraft are virtually motionless with respect to each other, with a relative acceleration equivalent to the weight of a virus here on Earth, mission team members announced today (June 7).
"With LISA Pathfinder, we have created the quietest place known to humankind. Its performance is spectacular and exceeds all our expectations by far," Karsten Danzmann, director at the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics and director of the Institute for Gravitational Physics at Leibniz University Hannover, both in Germany, said in a statement. [The LISA Pathfinder Mission Explained (Video)]
"Only by reducing and eliminating all other sources of disturbance could we observe the most perfect free fall ever created," added Danzmann, the co-principal investigator of the LISA Technology Package. "And this has shown us that we can build LISA, a space-based gravitational-wave observatory."
According to Einstein's equations, the acceleration of massive objects generates gravitational waves, which then propagate through the universe at the speed of light. Dramatic events such as black-hole mergers andsupernova explosions produce the strongest gravitational waves.
These ripples cause tiny distortions of space-time that should be identifiable, given a precise enough instrument. And in February, the first such direct detection was announced, by scientists with the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) consortium, which operates huge detectors in Louisiana and Washington state.
The announcement made a big splash among scientists and laypeople alike, because gravitational waves offer a new way to study the universe. The waves don't interact with matter, so the information they carry across billions of light-years is "pure," free of distortion or alteration, researchers have said. [Gravitational Waves Detected by LIGO: Complete Coverage]
But ground-based instruments such as the LIGO detectors can spot only a subset of gravitational waves, because of interference from seismic activity and other factors here on Earth, ESA officials have said. Space-based observatories will therefore be needed to hunt for lower-frequency waves, such as those generated by mergers between the supermassive black holes that lurk at the hearts of galaxies, the officials added.
ESA aims to launch such an observatory, provisionally known as LISA, in 2034. The mission will likely consist of three spacecraft arrayed in a triangle, with each leg about 620,000 miles (1 million kilometers) long. Inside each craft will be a "free-falling test mass"; lasers will measure the distance between these masses, spotting the minuscule anomalies caused by passing gravitational waves, researchers have said.
Such work will require incredible precision, which means that the test masses will have to be in near-perfect free fall, unperturbed by sunlight pressure and other forces. And that's where LISA Pathfinder comes in.
'We have detected gravitational waves!', breakthrough discovery confirmed (FULL PRESSER)
LISA (short for Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) Pathfinder — whose total cost to ESA is $490 million (430 million euros) — launched on Dec. 3, on a mission to demonstrate the technology required for the future observatory.
At the heart of LISA Pathfinder are the two identical gold-platinum cubes, each of which weighs 4.3 lbs. (1.96 kilograms) and measures 1.8 inches (4.6 centimeters) on a side. The cubes are separated by 1.5 inches (3.8 cm), and they hang inside the spacecraft, which surrounds but does not touch them.
A laser precisely measures the cubes' positions, orientations and distance from each other.
"We can determine the distance of the two free-falling test masses to less than the diameter of a single atom," Gerhard Heinzel, leader of the Interferometry in Space research group at the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics and Leibniz University in Hannover, said in the same statement.
On Jan. 22, LISA Pathfinder reached its destination in space, a gravitationally stable spot known as Lagrange Point 1, which lies about 930,000 miles (1.5 million km) from Earth, in the sunward direction.
Then, on March 1, the probe began its six-month science mission, performing a variety of experiments, including a crucial one that attempted to place the test masses in a virtually perfect free fall. LISA Pathfinder used its thrusters to maneuver precisely, shielding the masses from external forces — and did so incredibly effectively.
Artist's impression showing the core of the LISA Pathfinder technology package, which consists of two gold-platinum cubes kept in close to a perfect free-fall state.
Credit: ESA/ATG medialab
The relative acceleration between the two test masses was lower than 1 part in 10 millionths of a billionth of Earth’s gravitational acceleration, mission team members said. This result — which is based on the first two months of datacollection, and was published today in the journal Physical Review Letters — proves out the key technologies required to detect and study gravitational waves in space, Danzmann said.
"At the precision reached by LISA Pathfinder, a full-scale gravitational-wave observatory in space like LISA would be able to detect fluctuations caused by the mergers of supermassive black holes in galaxies anywhere in the universe," he said.
"The results reported by the LPF team are, quite simply, a tour de force in precision measurement," LIGO executive director David Reitze, who's based at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, wrote in an accompanying "Viewpoints" piece that Physical Review Letters also published today.
"These results bode extremely well for the future LISA mission," added Reitze, who was not involved in the LISA Pathfinder (LPF) study. "The LPF experiments firmly establish that the precision needed by LISA for measuring test-mass displacements are well in hand, setting the stage for the next era in gravitational-wave detectors."
Methanol, a Building Block of Life, Found Around Newborn Star for 1st Time
Methanol, a Building Block of Life, Found Around Newborn Star for 1st Time
By Jesse Emspak, Space.com Contributor
Antennas of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), on the Chajnantor Plateau in the Chilean Andes. The Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, two companion galaxies to our own Milky Way galaxy, can be seen as bright smudges in the night sky, in the centre of the photograph.
Credit: ESO/C. Malin
Some of the building blocks of life are likely present on many planets from day one, a new study suggests.
Astronomers using the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array(ALMA) in Chile spotted methanol in the dusty disk around a newborn star, marking the first time this carbon-containing organic molecule has been spotted in a planet-forming environment.
"Methanol in gaseous form in the disk is an unambiguous indicator of rich organic chemical processes at an early stage of star and planet formation," study co-author Ryan Loomis, of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, Massachusetts, said in a statement. "This result has an impact on our understanding of how organic matter accumulates in very young planetary systems."
ALMA — a collection of radio telescopes high in the Andes Mountains of northern Chile — looked at the sun-like star TW Hydrae, which lies about 170 light-years from Earth.
This artist’s impression shows the closest known protoplanetary disc, around the star TW Hydrae in the huge constellation of Hydra (The Female Watersnake). The organic molecule methyl alcohol (methanol) has been found by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in this disc. This is the first such detection of the compound in a young planet-forming disc.
Credit: ESO/M. Kornmesser
Astronomers think TW Hydrae is about 80 percent the mass of the sun, and much younger — barely 10 million years old. (The sun formed about 4.6 billion years ago.) TW Hydrae is surrounded by a disk of dust and gas that could one day form a planetary system.
ALMA mapped the chemical composition of the disk and found methanol, also known as methyl alcohol (CH3OH). Methanol is a relatively simple organic molecule, but it's one of the largest molecules ever found in a protoplanetary disk, researchers said.
Methanol forms as a solid (an ice) on the surface of grains in frigid dustclouds. That means the dust grains are releasing it into space, study team members said.
The methanol was found in a region where comets may be forming, some 30 to 100 astronomical units (AU) out from TW Hydrae. (One AU is the distance from Earth to the sun — about 93 million miles, or 150 million kilometers.)
A cosmic rainbow in ultra HD
Comets might be one source of the organic molecules that formed the basis of the first self-replicating molecules on our own planet, so the new results could have bearing on the origins of life on Earth, study team members said.
Generally, the discussion of UFOs today revolves around one of two dominant, relatively polarized positions on the subject. One is the advocacy or “belief” in a real, tangible phenomenon, and the other is the skeptically-oriented attitude that all belief in UFOs can be chalked up to misperception, or some other underlying psychological factor ranging from delusions and fantasies, to outright dishonesty.
While the debate over the existence of UFOs rages on, there is an underlying factor that is less widely discussed, which has little concern for whether a case “for” or “against” UFOs can be made. This is because it deals with the fact that both of these positions have been actively promoted by official agencies over the years, whenever circumstances arose in which one or the other became particularly advantageous in the name of government secrecy.
Because of this, over time I have begun to gravitate more toward what I perceive as being the likelihood that, while certainly not all UFO sightings and reports can be easily explained, a distinct majority of the more well-documented UFO cases over the years involve some element of misdirection, typically presented to one or more individuals that are in some way involved with UFO research. This is typically for the purpose of steering their attitudes on the subject, perhaps in an effort to distract them from coming to more logical conclusions (as we will examine in a moment with the story of Paul Bennewitz), although there are also instances where the broader objectives appear to be aimed at merely gauging the reactions of the targeted individuals.
The story of Paul Bennewitz is, arguably, among the most widely-recognized instances where a person interested in UFOs was deliberately given bad information about the subject by a government agency. Here, the reason for this had been aimed at misdirecting his attention from what were, at the time, secret NSA coded microburst tests that were being carried out at Kirkland Air Force Base (and, as I have noted on many occasions before, my friend Greg Bishop’s book Project Beta is the best source of information on the Bennewitz affair; I also reference Bishop’s research in an article here at MU, which suggests that astronomer and UFO advocate J. Allen Hynek may even have played a roll in the operation). Bennewitz was given equipment that helped him decode what he thought were “alien” messages, and furthermore, was encouraged to continue this UFOlogical research by Air Force authorities that included AFOSI Special Agent Richard Doty.
Influenced by Bishop’s work, London-based researcher and musician Mark Pilkington’s book Mirage Men (upon which a documentary film of the same name was based) delves into numerous other famous UFO cases from the last several decades, in which similar operations could have been underway. These range from the possible manipulation of some of the key players in the famous Maury Island UFO incident, (which included pilot Kenneth Arnold), and the strange role of one man, Fred Crisman, whose role in the affair seems to strongly suggest government involvement; as noted by Pilkington, and cited earlier by researchers Peter Levenda and Nick Redfern, Crisman would go on to be associated with numerous circumstances which makes his appearance all-the-more questionable.
Fred Crisman
No less among these had been the assassination of U.S. President John F. Kennedy, as Crisman was later subpoenaed to appear before the Warren court regarding the case against Clay Shaw, the only man prosecuted — and acquitted within one hour of appearing before a jury — in the investigation of the assassination of JFK.
There is also the bizarre kidnapping and sexual escapades of Brazilian farmer Antonio Villa-Boas in the 1950s (an early “UFO abduction” so lacking in sophistication by its players that it can hardly be disputed that the “craft” which kidnapped him had been a helicopter… though his forced sexual encounter with a beautiful blonde “alien” while on board isn’t the worst thing he might have been subjected to). Such staged UFO sightings and phony “alien” encounters were carried out in this way, with the apparent intention of inspiring belief in extraterrestrials among the more imaginative members of the general public… but to what end?
Meanwhile, official disclosures made by government groups and scientific organizations such as the 1968 Rand Corporation study, as well as the University of Colorado UFO Project headed by Edward Condon, presented “objective” opinions on the matter which underscored the need for “badly needed objective data”, paired rather paradoxically with the notion that no further scientific benefit could be derived from the study of UFOs. Of course, we can’t prove precisely who, or what agencies were likely behind incidents like the Villa-Boas “abduction”, or countless other stories involving UFOs; careful review of the evidence, however, suggests that there was hardly anything “alien” about such cases, with the data favoring psychological manipulation and misdirection instead.
Even more recently, the degree to which detailed data has appeared in conjunction with UFO hoaxes has been impressive; consider the famous case of the CARET drones (more about which can be read here). With the plentiful appearance of digital imagery that had been *almost* convincing, paired with shadowy, official-looking documentation, supplemented by further commentary by an individual calling himself “Issac”, the entire affair brought an air of realism to it that was almost on-par with the famous MJ-12 documents… another classic example of bad information that has made its hands into otherwise good researchers, with the net result of dividing opinions, and feeding the polarization of people’s attitudes.
Today, that polarization continues, of course. But as we stop to consider the way our beliefs are so often affected by what information appears before us, we must remind ourselves that there are deeper questions that we must ask from time to time… questions with implications beyond simple “do you” or “don’t you” positions. Between the realms of doubt and belief, one can find that dogmatic attitudes about UFOs, and perhaps countless other subjects, have slowly formed — or have perhaps even been shaped — over time, with the help of those who have pushed either ideology for purpose of gain in other areas.
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CO2 Gets Stoned: Method Turns Harmful Gas Into Solid
CO2 Gets Stoned: Method Turns Harmful Gas Into Solid
By Jesse Emspak, Live Science Contributor
Researchers have captured carbon dioxide from Iceland's Hellisheidi geothermal power plant and turned it into a solid.
Credit: Kevin Krajick/Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
Engineers have taken a tip from Medusa, it seems. They have stared down the pesky greenhouse gas carbon dioxide and turned it to stone.
The process they used was not as easy as simply eyeballing the gas, though. Essentially, they relied on a sped-up version of natural processes to take the carbon dioxide (CO2) spewed from a power plant in Iceland and transform the gas into a solid.
This ability to capture carbon dioxide and store it indefinitely may help curb the levels of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere and stem global warming, the researchers noted. [Changing Earth: 7 Ideas to Geoengineer Our Planet]
"We need to deal with rising carbon emissions," lead study author Juerg Matter, now an associate professor of geoengineering at the University of Southampton in the United Kingdom, said in a statement. "This is the ultimate permanent storage — turn them back to stone."
Natural carbon storage
Human-caused global warming occurs mostly because of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, that get poured into the air by humans burning fossil fuels for energy and other processes. These gases trap heat before it can escape out into space. Carbon dioxide is the biggest factor in this warming, scientists have said, because billions of tons of the gas are released every year and it stays in the atmosphere for long periods of time.
Ordinarily, this gas is drawn out of the atmosphere by plants, which use it for photosynthesis, and a chemical process called weathering of rocks. This process happens when carbon dioxide and other gases that dissolve in water form weak acids that then chemically react with minerals in rocks to form other solids, like clays. However, both of those uptake processes are relatively slow, and they can't keep up with human output, the study researchers noted. [The Reality of Climate Change: 10 Myths Busted]
As such, engineers and other scientists have been working on several efforts to somehow inject the carbon dioxide into the ground. For instance, carbon dioxide is pumped into the tiny holes, or pores, in sedimentary rock — the kind laid down by layers of sand, for example, on the ocean floor.
The problem is that the carbon dioxide is a gas, and tends to rise. To keep it underground requires a placing a layer of less porous rock on top of the porous rock where the gas is stored. The carbon dioxide will eventually react with the porous rock and turn into a solid, carbonate compound, but that process can take centuries, if not millennia, according to study co-authorSigurdur Gislason, research professor at the University of Iceland in Reykjavik.
A new way to hide CO2
The team, led by Juerg Matter, now an associate professor of geoengineering at the University of Southampton, tried something different. The researchers took the carbon dioxide emitted by a power plant in Iceland, pressurized it to 25 atmospheres. They then pumped the CO2 into a borehole that was filled with water, dissolving the gas and making something like seltzer water. The mixture was then pumped into a layer of porous, volcanic rock located some 1,640 feet (500 meters) below the surface of the ground. The rock reacted with the mixture and formed carbonate compounds.
Study co-author Sandra Snaebjornsdottir holds a sample of volcanic rock that is loaded with solidified carbonate, formed when the researchers pumped carbon dioxide into the rock.
Credit: Kevin Krajick/Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
Essentially, the researchers sped up the weathering of rocks, Gislason told Live Science. Here's how it works: The carbon dioxide in the water forms carbonic acid, which dissolves the basalts and makes them more porous. Meanwhile, the carbonand oxygen from the CO2 make new compounds, largely magnesium, iron and calcium carbonates, which are solids that can't go anywhere. "Calcium, iron, magnesium can all form carbonates," Gislason said.
The process is very like what happens naturally, except that when stone — either as mountains or stone buildings – weathers, it happens as it rains, and rainwater only converts a small amount of carbon at a time. In addition, because the CO2 added to the water is under a lot more pressure than it is in the atmosphere, the concentration of carbonic acid is many times higher than in rainwater, or even in the carbonated water that people drink.
The study was conducted over a two-year period, noted study co-author Martin Stute, a research scientist at Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory in New York. In that time, the team monitored the water as it percolated through the rock using monitoring stations placed some distance from the injection site. They detected no CO2.
Even though the process requires a lot of water initially, that water can be recycled, because the other elements in it — the carbon dioxide and the compounds in the rock — are all removed in the reactions that form the carbonates, said Stute. He added that another advantage is that the water needn't be fresh; seawater should work just as well, though that hasn't been tried yet.
The next steps will be conducting more experiments and scaling up, the researchers said.
Both Gislason and Stute noted that the carbon dioxide would need to be transported to pumping sites if projects like this were built commercially, so the technique probably lends itself best to power plants that are close to areas with porous basaltic rock. Gislason said that describes many areas with power plants. "There are opportunities for this in Indonesia, or Japan," he said.
Still, the method offers a possible way to get rid of carbon dioxide quickly and cleanly, he said. "In a sense, you just mimic nature," Gislason said. "Just speeding up the process."
Eerste contact met aliens laat misschien nog wel 1500 jaar op zich wachten
Eerste contact met aliens laat misschien nog wel 1500 jaar op zich wachten
Caroline Kraaijvanger
We kunnen in theorie elk moment contact leggen met een buitenaards wezen, maar het zou ook helemaal niet gek zijn als het nog meer dan 1000 jaar duurt.
Die conclusie trekken onderzoekers van Cornell University. Waarom moeten we misschien nog wel 1500 jaar geduld hebben? Simpel. Omdat de ruimte heel groot is. “We hebben nog niets van aliens gehoord, omdat het heelal heel groot is, maar dat wil niet zeggen dat er verder niemand is,” vertelt onderzoeker Evan Solomonides.
Fermi Paradox Solomonides en zijn collega’s bogen zich voor dit onderzoek over de Fermi Paradox. Naar schatting zijn er miljarden aardachtige planeten te vinden in ons sterrenstelsel. Maar ondanks dat is er nog geen contact geweest met aliens. En dat is de paradox: er zijn zoveel plekken waar buitenaards leven kan ontstaan en zich kan ontwikkelen, waarom hebben we dan nog nooit iets van aliens gehoord?
Groot Op basis van hun onderzoek komen de wetenschappers tot de conclusie dat de Fermi Paradox eigenlijk helemaal niet zo’n paradox is. “Het heelal is groot. En zelfs al reizen signalen met de snelheid van het licht, dan nog moeten de signalen die beschavingen proberen te versturen een enorme afstand afleggen. Zelfs met de snelheid van het licht duurt het decennia, eeuwen of millennia om die afstanden te overbruggen.”
Tv-signalen Ze illustreren dat aan de hand van een voorbeeld. Wij mensen sturen voortdurend signalen de ruimte in: tv- en radiosignalen. Die haasten zich al zo’n tachtig jaar met de snelheid van het licht van de aarde vandaan. Dat betekent dat deze signalen inmiddels elke ster binnen 80 lichtjaar van de zon bereikt hebben. Het gaat dan om zo’n 8531 sterren en zo’n 3555 aardachtige planeten. Dat lijkt misschien een hoop, maar onze Melkweg telt naar schatting zo’n 200 miljard sterren! We hebben dus nog maar een fractie van de potentieel leefbare planeten in onze Melkweg bereikt.
Logisch Wanneer we rekening houden met de relatief korte periode (zo’n 80 jaar) waarin we signalen uitzenden, de frequentie waarmee leven waarschijnlijk voorkomt en de omvang van het heelal is de Fermi Paradox geen paradox. Sterker nog: het is heel logisch dat er nog geen contact is geweest.
Het lijkt erop dat we nog wel even na kunnen denken over wat we als eerste tegen de aliens gaan zeggen.
1500 jaar Op basis van hun onderzoek stellen de wetenschappers dat we waarschijnlijk pas van aliens horen als ongeveer de helft van de Melkweg door onze uitgezonden signalen is aangedaan. En dat duurt nog zo’n 1500 jaar. “Dat wil niet zeggen dat we dan contact moeten hebben gelegd en we als dat niet gebeurt alleen zijn,” benadrukt Solomonides. “We beweren alleen maar dat het onwaarschijnlijk is dat we dan nog niets van ze hebben gehoord.”
Het kan dus nog wel even duren voor we contact hebben gelegd. Maar we moeten de moed zeker niet laten zakken. “We kunnen elk moment wat horen, maar het is waarschijnlijk dat we over 1500 jaar van nu iets hebben gehoord. Tot die tijd kan het lijken dat we alleen zijn, zelfs als dat niet het geval is. Maar als we stoppen met luisteren of kijken, missen we de signalen misschien. Dus we moeten blijven kijken.”
Astronomen vinden zuurstof op recordafstand van de aarde
Astronomen vinden zuurstof op recordafstand van de aarde
Tim Kraaijvanger
Wetenschappers hebben gloeiend zuurstof gevonden op vele miljarden lichtjaren van de aarde. Het zuurstof is gevonden in een sterrenstelsel, dat astronomen zien zoals het er slechts 700 miljoen jaar na de oerknal uitzag.
Artistieke impressie van het jonge sterrenstelsel.
Het gaat in dit geval om het sterrenstelsel SXDF-NB1006-2. Niet eerder vonden onderzoekers zuurstof in een nog jonger sterrenstelsel dan SXDF-NB1006-2 en dat is vooral te danken aan de Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). Astronomen hebben deze radiotelescoop namelijk gebruikt om het zuurstof te vinden. ALMA is het grootste astronomische project op aarde en bestaat uit 66 antenneschotels. De schotels worden ingezet om de koudste objecten in het heelal te bestuderen, zoals de bouwblokken van sterren, maar ook van planetaire systemen en sterrenstelsels.
Het zuurstof in SXDF-NB1006-2 is mogelijk geïoniseerd door de krachtige straling van jonge reuzensterren. In een zuurstofatoom bevinden zich normaal gesproken acht protonen, acht neutronen en acht elektronen. Wanneer een atoom een elektron verliest, dan zijn er meer protonen dan elektronen en dan is de zuurstofatoom geladen, oftewel geïoniseerd.
Kosmische reïonisatie Toen het heelal nog piepjong was, toen waren er nog geen sterren, sterrenstelsels en andere objecten. Het universum was gevuld met elektrisch neutraal gas. Een paar honderd miljoen jaar na de oerknal begonnen de eerste objecten te stralen. Door de krachtige straling braken de ongeladen atomen af en werd het gas geïoniseerd. Deze periode wordt ook wel de kosmische reïonisatie genoemd, een tijd waarin het heelal transformeerde.
De geschiedenis van het universum. 400 miljoen jaar na de oerknal begon de reïonisatieperiode, die duurde totdat het heelal één miljard jaar oud was.
Er is relatief weinig zuurstof gevonden in SXDF-NB1006-2, namelijk tien keer zo weinig als de zon bevat. “Deze geringe abundantie komt niet als een verrassing,” vertelt wetenschapper Naoki Yoshida van de universiteit van Tokio. Ze doelt daarmee op het feit dat zwaardere elementen – zoals zuurstof – pas later in aantallen zijn toegenomen, nadat de eerste generaties sterren explodeerden. “Maar we hebben ook nog iets onverwachts ontdekt: een zeer geringe hoeveelheid stof.”
Het feit dat er geïoniseerde zuurstof is gevonden in het jonge sterrenstelsel is een teken dat er in SXDF-NB1006-2 veel extreem heldere sterren zijn gevormd. Deze sterren zijn tientallen keren zwaarder dan de zon. Deze reuzensterren zenden de intense ultraviolette straling uit, waardoor zuurstofatomen ioniseren.
Vervolgwaarnemingen “Hiermee is de beantwoording van de vraag welk soort objecten de kosmische reïonisatie heeft veroorzaakt een stap dichterbij gekomen,” concludeert Yoichi Tamura van de universiteit van Tokio uit. “Onze volgende waarnemingen met ALMA zijn al begonnen. Nog nauwkeurigere waarnemingen zullen ons in staat stellen om de verdeling en de beweging van geïoniseerde zuurstof in het stelsel te zien, en cruciale informatie opleveren over de eigenschappen van het sterrenstelsel.”
Tien jaar na de klimaatdocumentaire van Al Gore: hoe staan we ervoor?
Tien jaar na de klimaatdocumentaire van Al Gore: hoe staan we ervoor?
Vivian Lammerse
Al Gore, de ex-vice president van Amerika, vertelde in 2006 het verontrustende verhaal van ons klimaat. Maar zette het mensen daadwerkelijk aan tot verandering? Waar staan we nu tien jaar later?
Alweer tien jaar geleden schokte Al Gore met zijn documentaire ‘An Inconvenient Truth’ de hele wereld. IJskappen die als de wiedeweerga smelten, de toename van orkanen en de rigoureuze stijging van de zeespiegel schrijft Al Gore in zijn film allemaal toe aan de door de mens veroorzaakte klimaatverandering. In 2007 nam hij dankzij de documentaire het alom begeerde Oscarbeeldje mee naar huis. Tegelijkertijd kwam er ook veel kritiek op de film: was Al Gore’s verwoording van het klimaatprobleem niet een tikkeltje overdreven?
KOOLSTOFTAX
Duurzame keuzes maken ligt op dit moment nog in handen van de consument. Maar als mensen mogen kiezen tussen een duurzaam geproduceerde smartphone, of een hele goedkope smartphone, kiezen de meeste mensen toch eerder voor de goedkopere variant. Hoe kunnen we duurzamere keuzes meer stimuleren? “Beprijzen,” vindt Bregman. “Laat mensen het maar voelen in hun portemonnee. Als jij iets koopt dat veel CO2-uitstoot heeft veroorzaakt of dat een groot effect heeft op een ecosysteem, zou dat belast kunnen worden met koolstoftaxen.” Dit ligt echter politiek erg gevoelig en bovendien is het lastig de schade te bepalen. Toch zou het een oplossing kunnen zijn voor milieuproblemen. Lees hier meer over de ecoprijs.
Film Bram Bregman, voormalig VN-representant, tegenwoordig businessmanager klimaatverandering bij het KNMI, en hoogleraar klimaatwetenschap en beleid bij de Radboud Universiteit zag de film ook destijds in 2006. “Al Gore was natuurlijk fenomenaal,” zegt hij. “Zowel qua presentatie, communicatief en agendasettend. Ik hoor vaak van mensen dat ze door Al Gore bepaalde duurzaamheidsprojecten op hebben gezet of duurzamer zijn gaan leven. Mensen zijn zich denk ik meer bewust geworden van de dreigingen en zijn daardoor beter gaan nadenken.” Er wordt vaak over de film gezegd dat deze heeft bijgedragen aan het klimaatbewustzijn in de wereld en een hoop mensen heeft geïnspireerd.
Overdrijven Maar Al Gore’s inspanningen om het klimaatprobleem overal in de wereld aan de kaak te stellen, werden hem niet altijd in dank afgenomen. “Ik ken genoeg onderzoekers die zich eerlijk gezegd hebben doodgeërgerd aan Al Gore,” zegt Bregman. “Wij hadden last van zijn manier van overdrijven die zijn geloofwaardigheid aantastte. Amersfoort dat binnen no time aan zee zou liggen, ijskappen die na elkaar naar beneden zouden storten… Aan de ene kant snap ik dat wel. Om het publiek goed te raken en wakker te schudden is enige overdrijving soms nodig. Maar voor beleidsmakers en wetenschappers werkt dat erg verstorend. Wij moesten vervolgens weer gaan uitleggen: ‘nee, zo gaat dat niet, het ligt allemaal iets genuanceerder’.”
“IK KEN GENOEG ONDERZOEKERS DIE ZICH EERLIJK GEZEGD HEBBEN DOODGEËRGERD AAN AL GORE”
Langzaam Nu, tien jaar nadat de film uitkwam, is er op klimaatgebied niet veel veranderd. Sterker nog, het klimaat is er op dit moment nog slechter aan toe. In 2006 was de CO2-concentratie met 300 ppm al hoog, maar vandaag de dag hebben we te maken met een CO2-concentratie van meer dan 400 ppm. “In 2015 was de toename van CO2 in de atmosfeer het hoogst van alle jaren daarvoor,” zegt Bregman. “De groeisnelheid was ongekend. Ik maak me daarom ook best zorgen over de instabiliteit van het klimaatsysteem op dit moment.” Heeft de film dan niets teweeg kunnen brengen? Daar is Bregman niet zo zeker van. De film heeft volgens hem zeker mensen wakker geschud en aangezet tot duurzamer gedrag. Alleen merk je het effect daarvan op het klimaat niet gelijk de volgende dag. “Het heeft tijd nodig,” legt hij uit. “Het klimaat verandert langzaam. Het zou zomaar kunnen dat we over dertig jaar pas het effect van Al Gore gaan zien.” Bregman legt dit wat duidelijk uit met een voorbeeld. “Er zit op dit moment nog een hele hoop warmte in de oceaan, waardoor we een temperatuurstijging gaan krijgen van een halve graad. Ook al zouden we nu wereldwijd stoppen met emissies, dan alsnog krijgen we die halve graad erbij. Daar valt niets meer aan te doen. Het klimaat heeft nou eenmaal een lange adem.”
De CO2-concentratie in de atmosfeer. De zwarte lijn geeft het gemiddelde aan, de rode lijn de maandelijkse schommelingen.
Credits: NOAA
Klimaatakkoord Een stukje Al Gore is volgens Bregman al wel terug te zien in het klimaatakkoord van Parijs. “Het akkoord heeft tot een ongekend resultaat geleid,” zegt hij enthousiast. In het klimaatakkoord staat onder andere dat de gemiddelde temperatuur op aarde niet meer dan twee graden Celsius mag stijgen en dat landen zelfs zullen proberen te streven naar een opwarming van niet meer dan 1,5 graden Celsius. “Je zou kunnen zeggen dat Al Gore daar ook mede een bijdrage aan heeft geleverd,” zegt Bregman. “Hij heeft wel een beweging in gang gezet.”
Mensen die dichtbij een rivier wonen, zullen zich eerder zorgen maken om de gevolgen van klimaatverandering.
Doordringen Toch lijkt het gevaar van klimaatverandering nog niet echt tot mensen door te dringen. We blijven met z’n allen veel te veel CO2 uitstoten. “Alleen mensen die direct de gevolgen van klimaatverandering ondervinden, zullen ook de urgentie ervan voelen,” zegt Bregman. “Dat zijn bijvoorbeeld mensen die bij grote rivieren wonen of in Zeeland. Die zijn misschien daarom ook wel bereid om meer belastinggeld te betalen om droge voeten te houden. Maar mensen in de Achterhoek zullen zich veel minder druk maken om droge voeten. Als je kijkt naar hoogstaande prioriteiten bij gemeentes of provincies staat daar klimaatverandering vaak niet tussen. Wel merk je dat langzaam aan het besef bij mensen begint te groeien. Dat komt deels doordat zich in de wereld steeds meer extremen en rampen voordoen. Deze zijn niet alleen toe te schrijven aan klimaatverandering, maar ze zorgen voor meer bewustwording van de kwetsbaarheid van onze samenleving en dat we niet zo door kunnen gaan met onze manier van leven. Een diepgewortelde duurzaamheidsgedachte over dat we naar een nieuw systeem moeten om de wereld voor onze kinderen en kleinkinderen behapbaar te houden, komt steeds meer naar boven.”
ALS JE KIJKT NAAR DE HOOGSTAANDE PRIORITEITEN VAN GEMEENTES OF PROVINCIES STAAT DAAR KLIMAATVERANDERING VAAK NIET TUSSEN”
Fiasco Als burger kun je zeker meewerken aan een beter klimaat door duurzamere keuzes te maken. Maar het echte goud ligt in handen van politici en beleidsmakers. Toch bleken die in voorgaande klimaatconferenties niet zomaar de handen ineen te slaan. Doelen werden niet behaald, vergaderingen gingen moeizaam en de klimaatconferentie van Kopenhagen liep al helemaal uit op een fiasco. Waar ligt dat nou aan? “Belangen,” zegt Bregman stellig. “Een klimaatakkoord wordt gemaakt op basis van consensus. Iedereen moet het er mee eens zijn. Maar vaak zijn belangen zo tegenstrijdig. Kijk naar Saoedi-Arabië, een belangrijk olieproducerend land. Saoedi-Arabië wil wel compensatie voor gederfde inkomsten. Dan is het erg lastig om compromissen te sluiten.” Een andere reden is het historisch perspectief. “Landen wijzen in eerste instantie naar de rijke landen die de meeste vervuiling hebben veroorzaakt,” legt Bregman uit. “Westerse landen, zoals de Verenigde Staten en Angelsaksische landen worden er voornamelijk op aangekeken. ‘Het is bij hen begonnen dus moeten ze ook zelf maar het vuil opruimen,’ zo wordt erover gedacht.”
“LANDEN WIJZEN IN EERSTE INSTANTIE NAAR DE RIJKE LANDEN DIE DE MEESTE VERVUILING HEBBEN VEROORZAAKT”
Nu, tien jaar na de documentaire van Al Gore en bijna dertig jaar na de eerste geluiden over klimaatverandering, boeken we nog steeds niet veel vooruitgang. Zijn we niet al te laat? “Nee hoor, te laat zijn we nog niet,” zegt Bregman geruststellend. “Maar we kunnen niet blijven wachten. Bedenk dat er nu al eilandstaten zijn die vanwege de zeespiegelstijging de bevolking moet verplaatsen naar andere landen. Omdat het klimaat traag reageert kun je echter niet zeker weten wanneer het echt te laat is. Vandaar dat het voorzorgsprincipe zo belangrijk is. Je kunt het klimaatsysteem namelijk niet stoppen als het te hard gaat, bijvoorbeeld met het smelten van de ijskappen aan de polen. Daarom is het wel de bedoeling dat er nu wat gaat gebeuren.” Met het klimaatakkoord van Parijs zijn we in ieder geval op de goede weg. “Met mijn ervaring in de VN weet ik dat het echt fantastisch is dat dit akkoord er op dit moment ligt. Ik besef ook dat het er nu op neerkomt dat het ook echt uitgevoerd wordt. En dat kan taai zijn, taaier dan je wilt. Maar dat is helaas de realiteit. In ieder geval zijn we tot dit akkoord gekomen. Dat is al heel wat!”
Bronmateriaal:
Interview met Bram Bregman Documentaire An Inconvenient Truth van Al Gore "Recent Global CO2" - NOAA
Star Trek has finally met its match in real life with the U. S. Air Force’s revelation of a new stealth technology that works as effectively as the “cloaking devices” used by Captain Kirk’s nemesis, the Klingons. Officially announced, the X-86b is the world’s first truly invisible airplane, according to the Air Force information office*. While most details of its operation are still classified, it has been confirmed that it uses a large array of carefully-modulated dark-emitting diodes “DEDs” to render the craft invisible to the naked eye.
Fig.1: A photo taken just outside Groom Lake of an aircraft reputed to be the X-86b “DED Jet” displays a stealthy profile.
Although dark-emitting diodes (DEDs) have been manufactured for nearly three decades, their low efficiency and relatively narrow photonic absorption bands limited their use for anything beyond a handful of applications such as power off indicators and active camouflage systems, such as handheld “darklights” and so-called "stealth suits used by some special forces squadrons for covert operations. There have also been persistent rumors about "cloaking devices" for military vehicles, and the long-rumored "DED Jet", believed to be in development since the early 1990's at the Air Force's Advanced Technology Center, located in Groom Lake, Nevada.
The DED Jet's existence was confirmed for the first time yesterday by Pentagon officials, just prior to a hastily-arranged press conference with YoYo Dyne Propulsion Systems, a prime contractor for the project, based in historic Grovers Mill, NJ. In addition to the embarrassment it caused the Pentagon, the incident forced YoYo Dyne to prematurely announce a line of advanced darkness emitters, based on the company's new Zener-enhanced DED technology. Officials of the Grovers Mill NJ-based technology firm apologized for the sudden announcement of the ZeDED yesterday evening which caught the industry by complete surprise. "We'd been planning on introducing our new ZeDEDs at LightFair next month," said John F. Cutbait, Chief Product Evangelist at YoYo Dyne. "Unfortunately, we had to change plans when the stealth aircraft we've been working on with the Air Force hit the news yesterday afternoon" he concluded.
a) b)
Fig. 2: a) An early ground-based test bed for DED cloaking techology b) The X-86a, the first airborne prototype stealth aircraft with its DED array deactivated.
Cutbait was referring to the incident which occurred at the Lakehurst Naval Air Station when a DED-equipped experimental stealth aircraft was forced to land after experiencing a minor problem with its flight systems. The highly-classified aircraft landed at the naval air station undetected, thanks to the conformal array of RGBD (red, green, blue and dark) emitters embedded in its composite skin. All went well as the DED jet began to taxi to a remote corner of the field with the intention of making repairs. Unfortunately, the disabled jet's active camouflage was so effective that the driver of an airport service vehicle failed to see the see it crossing an intersection and crashed into it.
a)
b)
Fig.3: a) The DED-Equipped X-86b in Stealth Mode, as seen by a chase plane during flight tests at 30,000 ft. b) Meanwhile, YoYo Dyne flight engineers monitor the X86b's performance from a bunker located under McGuire AFB.
Analysts believe that the aircraft is the X-86b (unofficially dubbed the “DED-Jet”), a jet-powered version of the earlier X-86a which served as a test bed for DED-based cloaking technologies (see fig.3, above). It is rumored to be built on a retired B-58 “Hustler” airframe recovered from mothball storage in Arizona. Industry experts speculate that an IR-DED-equipped plane would be able to evade heat-seeking missiles and other thermal detection arrays without the use of flares or other conventional stealth technology. Analysts also speculate that research is progressing on using IR-DEDs which have been specially tuned to operate in a sub-harmonic mode that would absorb radar signals from both airborne and ground-based emitters.
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* Editor's note: EDN thanks the U.S. Air Force for permission to cover the accidental exposure if its highly-classified technology. As part of the agreement which made this story possible, EDN has redacted the most sensitive details and agreed to publish it as an "April Fools satire". To the skeptics who wonder if this is a joke or a conspiracy being perpetrated in plain sight, we say: "We report - you decide".
Huge spacecraft and 100 km highway discovered in 1968 moon Photo
Huge spacecraft and 100 km highway discovered in 1968 moon Photo
A 1968 photo taken during a Lunar Orbiter mission to the moon shows what appears to be a spacecraft that is at least 10 miles (16 km) long resting inside the Crater Manlius. Most of the object is well illuminated by the sun, but the rest is in the shadows of the crater which is approximately 24 miles in diameter and 2 miles deep, What appears to be a spacecraft cockpit is in shadows. What is even more compelling in the Lunar Orbiter photo is what appears to be a road that stretches across the entire horizontal width of the photo. The road can be estimated to be 120 miles (200 km) long and as much as a mile wide (1.6 km).
In 70 dagen naar Mars: ‘Brandstofloze’ EmDrive toch niet in strijd met natuurwetten
In 70 dagen naar Mars: ‘Brandstofloze’ EmDrive toch niet in strijd met natuurwetten
Wetenschappelijk onderzoek uit Finland laat zien dat de ‘onmogelijke’ EmDrive, een experimentele aandrijving die een ruimteschip zou kunnen versnellen zonder stuwstof, echt werkt. Dat gaat volkomen in tegen de wet van behoud van impuls, die juist stelt dat stuwstof altijd noodzakelijk is.
Met een EmDrive kunnen we in theorie zonder enige raketbrandstof in minder dan 10 weken naar Mars reizen. De wetenschap kan maar niet verklaren hoe de motor zou moeten werken en toch, op de één of andere manier, doet hij het.
Finse wetenschappers hebben nu ontdekt dat de aandrijftechnologie werkt door microgolven om te zetten in fotonen (lichtdeeltjes). Dr. Arto Annila van de Universiteit van Helsinki, dr. Erkki Kolehmainen van de Universiteit van Jyväskylä en natuurkundige Patrick Grahn van het bedrijf Comsol hebben hun onderzoek gepubliceerd in het tijdschrift AIP Advances.
Transformeren
De EmDrive werd in 1999 uitgevonden door de Brit Roger Shawyer, maar die werd jarenlang geridiculiseerd door de wetenschappelijke gemeenschap. Volgens Shawyer kan de EmDrive de lucht- en ruimtevaartindustrie transformeren en de energiecrisis oplossen.
Sinds 2012 zijn er negen onafhankelijke studies gedaan door wetenschappers uit China, Duitsland en zelfs van de NASA. Ze kwamen allemaal tot de conclusie dat de EmDrive werkt.
“De EmDrive verschilt in principe niet van andere motoren,” zei Annila. “De motor verbruikt brandstof, dat kan iedereen begrijpen – er gaan microgolven in. Het probleem is dat er niets uit lijkt te komen, en om die reden denken mensen dat de EmDrive niet werkt.”
Onzichtbare uitlaat
Terwijl de fotonen in de EmDrive rondstuiteren heffen ze elkaars elektromagnetisch veld op. Ze bestaan dan nog steeds, je kunt ze alleen niet meer zien als licht. Dr. Annila kwam tot de ontdekking dat de fotonen in paren door de wand van het apparaat lekken, een soort onzichtbare uitlaat dus.
De Finse wetenschapper zegt dat de EmDrive zich netjes houdt aan de natuurwetten. Omdat veel wetenschappers nog niet geloven dat de motor werkt, pleit hij voor meer onderzoek.
“We hebben hier te maken met een echt fenomeen. Het moet worden onderzocht. Sceptisch zijn helpt niet,” benadrukte Annila.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 74 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
