The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
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Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld Ontdek de Fascinerende Wereld van UFO's en UAP's: Jouw Bron voor Onthullende Informatie!
Ben jij ook gefascineerd door het onbekende? Wil je meer weten over UFO's en UAP's, niet alleen in België, maar over de hele wereld? Dan ben je op de juiste plek!
België: Het Kloppend Hart van UFO-onderzoek
In België is BUFON (Belgisch UFO-Netwerk) dé autoriteit op het gebied van UFO-onderzoek. Voor betrouwbare en objectieve informatie over deze intrigerende fenomenen, bezoek je zeker onze Facebook-pagina en deze blog. Maar dat is nog niet alles! Ontdek ook het Belgisch UFO-meldpunt en Caelestia, twee organisaties die diepgaand onderzoek verrichten, al zijn ze soms kritisch of sceptisch.
Nederland: Een Schat aan Informatie
Voor onze Nederlandse buren is er de schitterende website www.ufowijzer.nl, beheerd door Paul Harmans. Deze site biedt een schat aan informatie en artikelen die je niet wilt missen!
Internationaal: MUFON - De Wereldwijde Autoriteit
Neem ook een kijkje bij MUFON (Mutual UFO Network Inc.), een gerenommeerde Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in de VS en wereldwijd. MUFON is toegewijd aan de wetenschappelijke en analytische studie van het UFO-fenomeen, en hun maandelijkse tijdschrift, The MUFON UFO-Journal, is een must-read voor elke UFO-enthousiasteling. Bezoek hun website op www.mufon.com voor meer informatie.
Samenwerking en Toekomstvisie
Sinds 1 februari 2020 is Pieter niet alleen ex-president van BUFON, maar ook de voormalige nationale directeur van MUFON in Vlaanderen en Nederland. Dit creëert een sterke samenwerking met de Franse MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP, wat ons in staat stelt om nog meer waardevolle inzichten te delen.
Let op: Nepprofielen en Nieuwe Groeperingen
Pas op voor een nieuwe groepering die zich ook BUFON noemt, maar geen enkele connectie heeft met onze gevestigde organisatie. Hoewel zij de naam geregistreerd hebben, kunnen ze het rijke verleden en de expertise van onze groep niet evenaren. We wensen hen veel succes, maar we blijven de autoriteit in UFO-onderzoek!
Blijf Op De Hoogte!
Wil jij de laatste nieuwtjes over UFO's, ruimtevaart, archeologie, en meer? Volg ons dan en duik samen met ons in de fascinerende wereld van het onbekende! Sluit je aan bij de gemeenschap van nieuwsgierige geesten die net als jij verlangen naar antwoorden en avonturen in de sterren!
Heb je vragen of wil je meer weten? Aarzel dan niet om contact met ons op te nemen! Samen ontrafelen we het mysterie van de lucht en daarbuiten.
18-01-2018
Longest underwater cave in the world found in Mexico
Longest underwater cave in the world found in Mexico
Not far from the beach resort of Tulum, Mexico, lies a cave system called Sac Actun — this may be the largest flooded cave in the world. The discovery was made by a team of divers who found a connection between two underwater caverns in eastern Mexico.
Credit: GAM.
Previously, Sac Actun was measured at 263 km but now, researchers working with the Gran Acuifero Maya (GAM) — a project concerned with preserving subterranean waters in the Yucatan peninsula — say the cave system communicates with the 83-km-long Dos Ojos system. This would make the entire system a unitary 347-km-long (216-mile) cave.
The connection between the two cave systems was identified after speleologists spent months navigating the intricate maze of underwater channels.
Like the vast majority of the planet’s cave systems, Sac Actun lies in limestone rocks. This karst setting occurs when acidic water starts to break down the surface of bedrock, causing cracks and fissures. In time, these fissures start getting bigger and bigger, until they create sinkholes or caves. It’s amazing to think about it, but these incredible features were created by groundwater. Since in the Yucatan area, where the Sac Actun system is located, groundwater is portrayed as flowing in underground rivers, caves also tend to be quite lengthy.
Map of the connection area between Nohoch Nah Chich and Dos Ojos regions.
Cartography by Peter Sprouse.
GAM researchers underscore the importance of the finding in relation to the cultural heritage of the Maya civilization that dominated the area before the Spanish conquest.
Credit: GAM.
Many people are aware of the famous Mayan pyramids and other cultural landmarks. It’s a lesser known fact that the Mayan cities in which these relics were built drew upon an extensive network of sinkholes linked to subterranean waters known as cenotes. Some of these cenotes are known to have acquired a religious significance to the Maya, as well as their descendants.
“It allows us to appreciate much more clearly how the rituals, the pilgrimage sites and ultimately the great pre-Hispanic settlements that we know emerged,” Guillermo de Anda, director and underwater archaeologist on the Gran Acuifero Maya team, told Reuters.
A team of divers have discovered what is believed to be the biggest flooded cave on the planet in eastern Mexico.
By connecting two underwater caverns, the Gran Acuifero Maya (GAM) project identified the 216 mile (347km) cave after months of exploring a maze of underwater channels.
The project, which is dedicated to the study and preservation of the subterranean waters of the Yucatan peninsula, said the discovery could shine new light on the ancient Mayan civilisation.
Near the beach resort of Tulum, the group found that the cave system known as Sac Actun, once measured at 163 miles (263km), communicated with the 52 mile (83km) Dos Ojos system, the GAM said in a statement. Because of this, Sac Actun has now absorbed Dos Ojos.
Guillermo de Anda, the director of GAM and an underwater archaeologist, said the “amazing” find would help to understand the development of the rich culture of the region, which was dominated by the Mayan civilisation before the Spanish conquest.
“It allows us to appreciate much more clearly how the rituals, the pilgrimage sites and ultimately the great pre-Hispanic settlements that we know emerged,” he told Reuters.
The finding has been described as ‘amazing’
(Reuters)
Mr de Anda and his team previously discovered what they believed was a hidden passageway beneath a 1,000-year-old Mayan temple.
The experts thought the tunnel under the Kulkulcan pyramid, which is part of the Chichen Itza archaeological site in Yucatan, could lead to a natural sinkhole linked to subterranean waters, known as a cenote.
The Yucatan peninsula is studded with monumental relics of the Mayan people, whose cities drew upon an extensive network cenotes.
The experts through the tunnel could lead to a natural sinkhole
Reuters
Some cenotes acquired particular religious significance to the Mayans, whose descendents continue to inhabit the region.
Several are thought to have been used by the ancient Mayans for human sacrifices and previous expeditions have found human bones in cenotes beneath Chichen Itza.
The hypersonic spy plane, dubbed SR-72, might already be in production.
Credit: Lockheed Martin Corp.
The SR-71 Blackbird spy plane may be back and faster than ever.
Or maybe not. Ambiguous wording at an aerospace-conference presentation last week suggested that the SR-72, a successor to the infamous Cold War spy plane, might already be in production, but neither the military nor the plane's possible maker, Lockheed Martin Corp., is talking.
Bloomberg reported that Lockheed Vice President Jack O'Banion projected an artist's conception of the hypersonic SR-72 during a talk at the annual SciTech Forum of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics in Florida on Jan. 8. Standing by the image of the sleek gray aircraft, O'Banion reportedly spoke about recent advances in computing and design and then said, "Without the digital transformation, the aircraft you see there could not have been made." [Supersonic! The 11 Fastest Military Airplanes]
The wording implies that the aircraft has, in fact, been made, as does O'Banion's later comments, also in the present tense.
"We couldn't have made the engine itself — it would have melted down into slag if we had tried to produce it five years ago," O'Banion said, according to Bloomberg. "But now, we can digitally print that engine with an incredibly sophisticated cooling system integral into the material of the engine itself, and have that engine survive for multiple firings for routine operation."
No comment
Both the U.S. Air Force and Lockheed Martin declined to confirm the existence of a real hypersonic (more than 5 times the speed of sound) spy plane to Bloomberg. Outside defense experts told the news outlet that the plane could be anywhere in the development process, from the digital design phase to the prototype phase.
The SR-71 Blackbird was a speedy, stealthy spy plane specifically designed to absorb, rather than reflect, radar signals and, hence, remain relatively hidden. Though it's more than 107 feet (33 meters) long, the plane appeared on radar as an object somewhere between the size of a bird and a human, according to Lockheed Martin's history of the plane.
The Blackbird was made from titanium so that it would have the strength to withstand the heat generated while flying at above Mach 3 (2,045 mph or 3,300 km/h), or three times the speed of sound. Developers painted the plane black to dissipate some of the heat, lending the aircraft its "Blackbird" moniker, according to Lockheed Martin. The two-seat SR-71 first flew on Dec. 22, 1964. It was retired in 1990, retaining the record of fastest manned aircraft ever made. According to the Smithsonian Air and Space Museum, the final flight of the Blackbird now displayed at its hangar in Chantilly, Virginia, set a speed record: The plane flew from Los Angeles to Washington, D.C., in 64 minutes and 20 seconds.
The future of hypersonic travel
Lockheed Martin's interest in developing hypersonic "scramjets" — which use oxygen from the environment rather than a tank for combustion in the engine — is no secret, according to Bloomberg. However, the engineering challenges are steep.
Jets like the purported SR-72 could enable the Air Force to make ultrafast bombing runs into enemy airspace without being detected, defense analyst Richard Aboulafia told Bloomberg. Lockheed Martin engineers said in 2013 that they hoped to develop an SR-72 that could fly at Mach 6 (4,603 mph or 7,407 km/h) by 2030.
Secrecy and rumors are the norm in the development of new stealth aircraft. According to a Central Intelligence Agency history of the development of the SR-71, the government tried very hard to keep the development of the original Blackbird classified, but a former U.S. Navy admiral named John B. Pearson said he figured out that Lockheed was up to something by 1961, just three years after the project started. A newspaper in Fort Worth, Texas, also reported the possibility of a new faster-than-sound airplane in 1963.
Editor's Note:This article was updated to indicate that the SR-71 was not hypersonic, but instead could fly at three times the speed of sound.
Scientists observed a repeating fast radio burst three billion lightyears from Earth. The discovery gives clues about the source of these mysterious bursts.
SIGNAL BOOST
Over the past decade, we’ve found out a great deal about what fast radio bursts (FRBs) are — millisecond-long blips of intense radio emissions from deep space — but their origins remain a mystery. Now, astronomers have tracked a repeating FRB to a dwarf galaxy nearly three billion lightyears from Earth, according to a report from the Washington Post.
The international team, which presented its work at the annual American Astronomical Society meeting in January 2018, observed that the radio beam was being contorted by a magnetic field within a cloud of ionized gas, telling us more about the conditions these bursts take place in. The study detailing the team’s results was recently published in Nature.
“We see a sort of ‘twisting’ of the radio bursts caused by an effect known as Faraday rotation,” Jason Hessels, one of the co-authors of the study from the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, told Futurism. “We hypothesize that the source of the bursts could be a neutron star in the proximity of a massive black hole that is accreting material from its surroundings, or maybe that it is a very young neutron star embedded in a nebula (a sort of cocoon around the source).”
“We are basically pushing forward and zooming in even further on where these fast radio bursts are coming from,” co-author Shami Chatterjee, a senior research associate from the Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, told Futurism.
THE MYSTERY OF FAST RADIO BURSTS
When FRBs were first observed, there was some debate as to whether they were legitimate phenomena, or simply interference that was being misinterpreted. Further study established that they are indeed real — just very difficult to observe.
“The biggest issue is the fact that these are millisecond flashes of radiation, and we don’t know where they’re going to go off in the sky,” said Chatterjee. “We think that there’s between five and ten thousand of these flashes going off everyday all over the sky, and yet so far we know only about thirty of these sources. That gives you a sense of the difficulty in terms of finding them, because they just last a millisecond. Radio telescopes don’t have a large field of view; if you’re not looking at the right place in the right time, you won’t see it.”
The first repeating FRB source was spotted in 2016, which provided a much-needed benchmark in the astronomy community’s quest to pinpoint where these phenomena are taking place in order to observe them.
FRBs have captured the imagination of theorists — Chatterjee notes that there are more theories about them than recorded observations — because of the enormous amount of energy involved. In about a millisecond, a burst emits about as much energy as our sun puts out in a day, depending on how broadly it’s being beamed.
“The hope is that eventually, this leads to a step forward in our understanding of physics, in terms of what is a mechanism that can produce this kind of a radio flash with that much energy that we can detect across the universe,” said Chatterjee. “Beyond that, the hope is that once we understand what these radio flashes are, we can use them as tools to study the intergalactic medium.”
Attempts to try and understand what happened in Rendlesham Forest, Suffolk, England in December 1980 have been thwarted by the fact that a sizeable number of official files on the case have been destroyed or have gone missing. Or, rather, that’s the story told to us. It wasn’t long after the events occurred that rumors began to circulate that on the second night of what were three nights of encounters, the U.K. planned to evacuate a very nearby prison HM Prison Highpoint North. Other stories surfaced, suggesting that Blundeston Prison and Hollesley Bay Youth Correctional Center were also primed for evacuation. Clearly, something of a deeply serious nature was going on at the height of the encounters.
One of those who took a deep interest in the Rendlesham Forest events was Lord Hill-Norton, who, from 1971 to 1973 was the Chief of the U.K.’s Defense Staff. He pressed for answers – not just on the case itself but on those evacuation orders too. Just like Roswell, the paperwork was gone. It was on January 23, 2001 that Lord Hill-Norton raised the evacuation issue with the Government’s House of Lords. Hill-Norton wanted answers to what he said were “instructions to prepare for a possible evacuation at some time between 25 and 30 December 1980.”
It didn’t take long for the government to get back to the by-then-retired Lord Hill-Norton. Available records from Blundeston Prison and Hollesley Bay Youth Correctional Center didn’t reveal anything odd at all. HM Prison Highpoint North, however, was quite another story. It turned out the December 1980 log-book from the base could not be found. Log-books for the other months were intact. When pushed for further information, the only thing that was offered by the government was the notion that the log-book had been mistakenly destroyed. Right.
Lord Hill-Norton didn’t stop there: he demanded access to the radar tapes of various military bases in the area, on the nights in question. Baroness Symons of Vernham Dean responded that all of the tapes had been routinely wiped clean: there was nothing to see. A trend was clearly developing.
What was certainly the most amazing – and suspicious – aspect of all this reared its head in May 2011. Freedom of Information Act documents on the Rendlesham Forest case surfaced that caught the attention of not just UFO researchers, by the U.K.’s media, too. The files were notable because of what they said about the case specifically. Rather, they were files which revealed that there was a massive gap in the Defense Intelligence papers where the Rendlesham papers should have been kept. Internal memos released via FOIA legislation showed that the Ministry of Defense suspected that “a deliberate attempt had been made to eradicate the records covering this incident.” Precisely who had done the eradicating was never proved. Like the Roswell files, though, the papers were gone and no-one had any kind of solid answer.
Further files were found to have been destroyed too, not just on Rendlesham but on other cases too. Film-footage of a UFO taken by a military pilot, in U.K. airspace, in 1956, was said by the government to have “probably” been destroyed. In 1999, the crew of a military vessel, the HMS Manchester, encountered a UFO during a naval operation in the North Sea. All aboard were unanimous that they had seen a large, circular-shaped craft flying in close proximity to the ship. I am not exaggerating when I say that the U.K. government failed to respond properly for data on the case because “an unusually strong gust of wind” below the ship’s log-book overboard!
Moving onto Australia, in the summer of 2011, the Australian Department of Defense admitted to having misplaced a UFO file that should have been packed with reports. Natalie Carpenter, of the nation’s Freedom of Information Office, responded to media inquiries by stating that, “The files could not be located and Headquarters Air Command formally advised that this file is deemed lost.”
UFO researcher-author Whitley Strieber made a very good observation, on June 6, 2011: “Last week, the Australian government announced that it has ‘lost’ its UFO files. Thus it joins the United States, which ‘lost’ all the files relating to the Roswell AFB dating from 1947 through 1952, and the United Kingdom, which recently announced that it has ‘lost’ all the files relating to the Rendlesham Forest UFO Case.”
MAN FOTOGRAFEERT UFO EN COMMUNICEERT MET INZITTENDEN ( VIDEO )
MAN FOTOGRAFEERT UFO EN COMMUNICEERT MET INZITTENDEN ( VIDEO )
Je hoort natuurlijk wel eens verhalen over mensen die zeggen dat ze telepathisch contact hebben gehad met buitenaardse wezens.
Maar, wanneer er ook inderdaad foto's zijn om het verhaal te ondersteunen, dan wordt het ineens voor velen een stuk geloofwaardiger.
Op 12 januari 2018 nam een man in de buurt van Orlando in Florida een aantal bijzondere foto's van een UFO, met daarbij een heel opmerkelijk verhaal.
Niet alleen nam hij mooie foto's, maar zag hij via een raam in de UFO ook twee buitenaardsen, twee zogenaamde Nordic aliens, met wie hij telepathisch communiceerde. De man wil zijn identiteit niet helemaal prijsgeven en staat voorlopig bekend onder de initialen JP.
Hij staat in contact met Dr. Michael Salla van Exopolitics, die deze man, ook gezien eerdere contacten, kwalificeert als een betrouwbare getuige, ook omdat er foto's zijn die het verhaal ondersteunen.
Op 12 januari rond zes uur 's avonds krijgt JP telepathisch een bericht door dat hij naar buiten moet gaan en naar de lucht kijken. Dit omdat ze zich dan aan hem zouden laten zien. JP vroeg toen eveneens telepathisch of hij foto's mocht nemen omdat dit toch wel een belangrijk element zou zijn om zijn verhaal later geloofwaardig te maken.
Klaarblijkelijk waren dit aliens waar JP al eerder contact mee had gehad in Brazilië. Dr. Salla bevestigt dat JP al in 2008 contact met hem had opgenomen over deze buitenaardse ontmoeting in Brazilië. Het schijnt dat deze buitenaardsen samenwerken met de Amerikaanse luchtmacht en dat ze missies uitvoeren in de buurt van Antarctica en in de ruimte. Hierdoor heeft ook de luchtmacht de beschikking over voor ons niet voor te stellen geavanceerde technologie.
De manier waarop ze reizen volgens JP en Dr. Salla is, zoals wij al heel lang berichten, door middel van wormholes, ook wel dimensieportalen genoemd. Met deze techniek geven ze de coördinaten van een planeet in, wordt er een dimensieportaal gecreëerd en vervolgens verdwijnt hun schip in het portaal als een soort bliksemflits zonder enig geluid.
Toen JP naar buiten liep, slaagde hij er inderdaad in om een aantal foto's te maken van het ruimteschip van de Nordics.
Via een tekening heeft hij geprobeerd duidelijk te maken waar de inzittenden te zien zijn in het ruimteschip. Die tekening ziet er als volgt uit.
En wanneer je zijn laatst genomen foto helemaal uitvergroot dan zie je de plek waar de aliens zich zouden bevinden.
Enkele uren na het bezoek van de Nordic aliens aan JP begon zijn dochter stuiptrekkingen te krijgen, werd heel erg blauw, koortsig en werd met spoed naar het ziekenhuis gebracht.
Security Guard Captures UFO Video Near China-Russia Border
Security Guard Captures UFO Video Near China-Russia Border
Mysterious UFO hovering in the sky has surprised a security guard at remote border train station. In a video that was released, a dome-shaped object can be seen only for a few seconds before disappearing into the dark sky apparently over the border between China and Russia.
The security guard spotted a strange UFO moving in the sky at a remote train station.
The bizarre footage was recorded between China-Russia border. It shows a dome-shaped object for only a few seconds before vanishing in the night sky.
The unnamed guard was the only one on duty at the train station in Dayangqi Railway, located in north-eastern China.
On the border with southern Russia, the small town usually quiet at night. When the mysterious object came into view, it stood out and caught the attention of the guard.
According to the report of the guard, he saw something flashing in the distance at about 8:10 in the evening.
British UFO Files Finally Out After Years Of Campaign For Transparency By UFO Enthusiasts
British UFO Files Finally Out After Years Of Campaign For Transparency By UFO Enthusiasts
The Government has released the final batch of the British real-life X Files after UFO hunters’ decade-long battle.
The ufologists’ 10-year campaign for transparency came to an end after the declassification of the final three files among a series of reports from the 1970s.
With many delays along the way, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) papers have undergone a series of releases to the National Archives.
However, many are complaining about their accessibility as they are not made available online. To pour through hard copies, one should visit the National Archives in London.
The papers include sketches and pictures of mysterious objects, UFO witness accounts, official and MoD reports of sightings.
However, it does not include the smoking gun evidence of alien that so-called truth seekers were hoping.
Former MoD UFO investigator Nick Pope said that the last three documents look suspicious. He explained that the documents were released on New Year’s Day as if The National Archives tried to sneak out the release when nobody was observing.
Also raising suspicions in the UFO community is the timing of the release, which took place just weeks after the official confirmation that the US Pentagon had maintained a top secret UFO investigation program. Mr Pope suspected there might be coordination between the US and UK government.
Mr Pope, however, is glad that they are finally in the open. While no smoking gun in those files, Mr Pope said there are many exciting sighting reports and other related materials on UFO research.
He added that these recent revelations in the US and the UK only show that some agencies in government took the subject seriously.
Mr Pope is hoping that the scientific community, the media, and the public can have more serious and informed discussions or debates on the UFO phenomenon with less sarcastic comments on the subject.
Flash! Boom! This time a Meteor explodes over Michigan
Flash! Boom! This time a Meteor explodes over Michigan
Many people from around have witnesses mysterious bright flashes in the skies followed by sonic booms and large explosions and the cause is always a meteorite or some sort of space debris according to the official statements, but is that really the case?
Here are three remarkable “Meteor” events that have taken place in recent days.
January 7, 2018: A mysterious bright flash accompanied by large explosions, where even the ground was shaking and felt over thousands of miles in Russia (See here our article on the Russia event).
January 10, 2018: A bright flash and a huge explosion occurred at around eight in the evening left residents of a Dallas neighborhood pondering worst case scenarios for its cause.
January 16, 2018: Sonic booms, rattling windows, and a bright flash of light washed over Michigan and surrounding states.
Globular star clusters contain our galaxy’s most ancient stars. Astronomers didn’t expect to find a 4-solar-mass black hole in one, but … voila!
Artist’s concept of a 4-solar-mass black hole in the globular star cluster NGC 3201, via ESO.
A star in the globular star cluster NGC 3201 is behaving very strangely. It’s being flung backwards and forwards at speeds of several hundred thousand kilometers per hour, with the pattern repeating every 167 days. Astronomers think this star is orbiting an invisible black hole, with four times our sun’s mass. If so, it’s the first inactive black hole to be found in a globular cluster, and the first one found by directly observing its gravitational pull.
Astronomers said this important discovery relates not only to our understanding of the formation of these star clusters and black holes, but also to the origins of gravitational wave events, thought to happen during the merging of two black holes in this mass range.
Our home galaxy, the Milky Way, is know to have more than 150 globular star clusters. They’re symmetrical spheres of tens of thousands of ancient stars, orbiting outside the flat disk of the galaxy and thought to have formed early in the galaxy’s history, at about the same time the Milky Way itself was forming.
About 150 globular star clusters surround our galaxy.
NGC 3201 is thought to be more than 10 billion years old (in contrast to our sun’s age of about four-and-a-half billion years). It’s located in our sky in the direction to the southern constellation of Vela the Sails, at a distance of some 16,300 light-years from Earth. The estimated mass of the whole cluster is about 254,000 times that of our sun.
Astronomers studied this cluster using the MUSE instrument on ESO’s Very Large Telescope in Chile. Lead author Benjamin Giesers of Georg-August-Universität Göttingen in Germany noticed the strange behavior of a particular star in the cluster. He said:
It was orbiting something that was completely invisible, which had a mass more than four times the sun — this could only be a black hole! The first one found in a globular cluster by directly observing its gravitational pull.
Color-composite image of the globular cluster NGC 3201, obtained with the WFI instrument on the ESO/MPG 2.2-m telescope at La Silla.
Hubble Space Telescope image of the central region of NGC 3201. The blue circle surrounds the star that’s behaving strangely, thought to be orbiting a black hole.
The relationship between black holes and globular clusters is an important but mysterious one. Because of their large masses and great ages, these clusters are thought to have produced a large number of stellar-mass black holes — created as massive stars within them exploded and collapsed over the long lifetime of the cluster.
ESO’s MUSE instrument provides astronomers with a unique ability to measure the motions of thousands of faraway stars at the same time. With this new finding, the team have for the first time been able to detect an inactive black hole at the heart of a globular cluster — one that is not currently swallowing matter and is not surrounded by a glowing disk of gas. They could estimate the black hole’s mass through the movements of a star caught up in its enormous gravitational pull.
From its observed properties the star was determined to be about 0.8 times the mass of our sun, and the mass of its mysterious counterpart was calculated at around 4.36 times the sun’s mass — almost certainly a black hole.
Recent detections of radio and X-ray sources in globular clusters, as well as the 2016 detection of gravitational-wave signals produced by the merging of two stellar-mass black holes, suggest that these relatively small black holes may be more common in globular clusters than previously thought.
Giesers concluded:
Until recently, it was assumed that almost all black holes would disappear from globular clusters after a short time and that systems like this should not even exist! But clearly this is not the case.
This chart shows the constellation Vela and marks most of the stars visible to the unaided eye on a clear dark night. The globular star cluster NGC 3201 is marked with a red circle. This cluster can be seen dimly in binoculars and is resolved into many faint stars with a moderate-sized amateur telescope.
Bottom line: Astronomers observed the strange behavior of a star in the globular cluster cluster NGC 3201 and concluded it must be orbiting a four-solar-mass black hole.
Source: “A detached stellar-mass black hole candidate in the globular cluster NGC 3201”, by B. Giesers et al., to appear in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
UFO SHOCK: 'Truth' about 'shape-shifting alien UFO' over Chile snapped by newspaper editor
UFO SHOCK: 'Truth' about 'shape-shifting alien UFO' over Chile snapped by newspaper editor
A NEWSPAPER editor is said to have "put his reputation on the line" by posting pictures of what he believed was a bizarre shape-shifting UFO snapped in the skies above Chile.
Three images taken by Richard Emblin, editor-in-chief of The City Paper, based in Colombia, were revealed on the newspaper's website.
It caused an internet frenzy with many UFO websites sharing the images as possible proof of alien visitations.
They included YouTube channel Secureteam10, which produced a video about the images.
Tyler Glockner, who narrates the channel said: "A shape-shifting UFO has been caught on camera by a newspaper editor in Chile. That doesn't sound like balloons to me."
However, Express.co.uk can reveal that the photojournalist's snaps were likely just a child’s gold birthday balloon in the shape of the number eight.
Mr Emblin, who is also a pilot and has had articles published in TIME, Der Spiegel, and The New York Times, had ruled out the ‘UFO’ being any form of plane, drone or hot air balloon flight.
Richard Emblin
Richard Emblin snapped this 'UFO' that is likely a party balloon.
He said at the time: "I take my journalistic ethics very seriously.
"I do not manipulate my images. On Sunday, April 12 (2015), I stepped out onto my balcony, which faces East, and is located in the Rosales neighbourhood of Bogotá.”
Mr Emblin added as a "frustrated commercial airline pilot" he knew the sighting was not an earthly aircraft.
He wrote: "I know my planes. Up close and at great distances. I know how to distinguish the sound of an Airbus A 340 to a Boeing 777. I have studied flight maps, flight routes and flightaware. I understand these machines. I admire them. There was no fuselage, no winglets, no sound. This was no plane.
"The black dot began to unravel itself. It stopped under the melancholic canopy of cloud and darted south, where it shifted on its side.
Jon Austin
Case closed? The 'UFO' looks remarkably like the party balloon figure 8.
"The spot was not visible on the screen of my iPhone. I tried it look for it again with my eyes, but the black object had shifted in the sky above my building. I though it might head towards the airport, so I grabbed my Nikon 300s and tried to remember where I keep a 500 mm lens...
"...and pointed my lens towards the other side of Bogotá. The object was not one, but two it seemed.
"It was very evident to me that this was a UFO. No drone. No Sunday morning balloon flight over a capital in which only official helicopters (police and army) can patrol.
"I could discern that the object shifted its shape. Could rise and fall quickly, and zip from one end of the city in a matter of seconds.
"The black dot seemed to have rings. It then tilted, shifted to one side, and disappeared."
One reader of his article posted: "Amazing! Why would this man risk his reputation over a ufo article if he didn’t feel what he was seeing was real and worth reporting? I for one believe him."
However, Express.co.uk has seen the "UFO" looks remarkably similar to a gold helium-filled party balloon in the number eight, which are available online.
Express.co.uk sent the case to UFO debunker Scott Brando, who runs website Ufoofinterest.org.
He agreed and said many suspected UFOs had turned out to be helium balloons of various shapes and sizes.
He said: "It is an eight-shaped mylar balloon.
"Mylar balloons reflecting sun light are one of the main UFO misrepresentations, still fooling many people who think they are so-called EBANIs."
EBANIs are Entidad Biological Anomalous No Identificada or Unidentified Anomalous Biological Entities, said by some to be living alien UFOs.
Posters on YouTube agreed it was a balloon:
One said: "Ever seen a balloon they sell at the graduation/party store with different numbers and letters? This is one of them! Post something credible."
Another said: "Aww some poor little eight-year-old lost his birthday balloon."
A third said: "It's a number 'eight' mylar balloon, you can buy silver and gold ones at any party shop. Some kid isn't going to be happy!"
Express.co.uk contacted Mr Emblin via the newspaper website and Twitter and awaits a response.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
Dit zijn volgens experts de grootste bedreigingen voor de wereld - HLN.be
Dit zijn volgens experts de grootste bedreigingen voor de wereld -HLN.be
Thinkstock
WETENSCHAP & PLANEETVandaag werd in Londen het Global Risks Report voor 2018 voorgesteld, een rapport waarin risico-experts voorspellen wat de belangrijkste bedreigingen voor onze samenleving zijn. En uit het document blijkt dat bijna 80 procent het risico op een oorlog tussen wereldmachten erg hoog inschat.
Volgende week vindt het World Economic Forum plaats in Zwitserland, een jaarlijkse bijeenkomst van de CEO’s van de grootste bedrijven ter wereld, internationale politici, journalisten en wetenschappers. Ieder jaar wordt daarbij ook een risicorapport uitgegeven, en dat werd vanmorgen alvast voorgesteld. Het Forum baseert zich daarvoor op een enquête die ze bij 1.000 experts heeft afgenomen, de Global Risks Perception Survey.
In het rapport wordt gewaarschuwd dat de risico’s voor onze samenleving alleen maar stijgen. Zo wordt gevreesd voor een achteruitgang van het geopolitieke landschap: “93% van de ondervraagden verwacht dat politieke en economische confrontaties tussen wereldmachten zullen toenemen, bijna 80% verwacht een verhoogd risico omtrent oorlog waarin wereldmachten zijn betrokken”, klinkt het in een persbericht.
AFPDonald Trump en Kim Jong-un
Milieuvervuiling
Maar ondanks de dreigende oorlogen is opnieuw het milieu - net zoals vorig jaar - de grootste bezorgdheid. “De grote milieurisico’s (extreme weersomstandigheden; verlies aan biodiversiteit en aan economische systemen; grote natuurrampen; man-made milieurampen; en het onvermogen om het hoofd te bieden aan de klimaatverandering) werden alle vijf hoog gerangschikt, zowel naar waarschijnlijkheid als naar impact. Extreme weersomstandigheden werden genoteerd als het allergrootste risico.”
Op de derde plaats staan cyberdreigingen. ”Grootschalige cyberaanvallen zijn nu de derde grootste bedreiging op het vlak van waarschijnlijkheid, terwijl toenemende cyber-afhankelijkheid beschouwd wordt als de tweede belangrijkste driver voor het globale risicolandschap over de komende tien jaar.”
Economie gaat er op vooruit
Op economisch vlak gaat het daarentegen wat beter: de experts voorspellen een sterke groei. Maar ze vrezen tegelijk dat we hierdoor onze aandacht voor blijvende structurele risico’s in globale economische en financiële systemen zullen laten verslappen. ”Een sterke economische groei biedt wereldleiders een unieke kans om zwakke punten aan te pakken in de complexe systemen die onze wereld onderbouwen, zoals samenlevingen, economieën, internationale relaties en het milieu.”
David Fravor is a recognizable type. Affable, neatly dressed, with a men’s regular haircut and semi-rimless glasses, he’s a retired military man who works as a consultant in the Boston area. He could be standing in front of you in a Starbucks line and you wouldn’t notice him at all.
But the story he has to tell is literally out of this world.
Thirteen years ago, the Windham, N.H., resident was a veteran US Navy pilot at the controls of an F/A-18-F fighter jet flying off San Diego when he sighted an unidentified flying object and tried to intercept it.
“I want to join on it. I want to see how close I can get to it,” Fravor, 53, said, describing his thinking as he began the pursuit.
Then the object, which looked like a 4o-foot-long Tic Tac candy, “goes whoosh, and it’s gone.” he said. It accelerated rapidly and disappeared like no aircraft he had ever seen in his career.
Fravor has been in the news recently after the New York Times broke the story that the Pentagon had a secret program that investigated reports of UFOs. The Defense Department says it closed down the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program in 2012 after five years, but the program’s backers say it remains in existence, investigating UFO reports from service members while carrying out other duties.
The incident occurred on Nov. 14, 2004. It was about 140 miles southwest of San Diego, Fravor said. The commander of a squadron of more than 300 service members aboard the carrier USS Nimitz, he was flying a brand-new plane with a weapons systems officer in the back seat. Another fighter from his squadron, with pilot and weapons system officer aboard, was flying with him. It was a perfect Southern California day.
The sea was calm, without whitecaps. No clouds marred the sky.
A radio operator from the cruiser USS Princeton directed them to an area where the Princeton had been tracking mysterious objects for two weeks. The objects had been dropping straight down from above 80,000 feet and stopping at 20,000 feet. “They’d hang out for hours, and then when they were done, they would go straight back up,” Fravor said.
When the two fighters got to the assigned location, they spotted a disturbance under the water, Fravor said. To him, it looked like something the size of a Boeing 737 airplane was underneath, causing waves to break over it.
“Then we see this bright white object” above the disturbance, moving erratically, back and forth, left and right, bouncing around like a ping pong ball, he said.
Fravor’s jet and the other jet were circling the spot. The other jet was high, Fravor’s jet lower. Trying to get a closer look at the Tic Tac, he began an easy, circular descent toward it.
The object “starts mirroring me,” beginning its own circular ascent from the ocean, he said.
“It’s at about the 2 o’clock and it’s coming up, and I’m at about the 8 o’clock position coming down,” he said, using the cap of a pen to illustrate the maneuvers during an interview at a suburban restaurant.
At that point, he said, he decided to cut across and head directly toward the mysterious object. He turned, dove, then pulled up his plane’s nose — and it zoomed away.
Fravor then looked for the underwater object, and saw that it, too, had disappeared.
The fighters conferred with the Princeton and were told to head to a rendezvous point 60 miles away. They headed toward it when the Princeton told them that radar had picked up the object again — already at the rendezvous point.
When the two jets got there, the object had disappeared. Why it decided to go there of all places is a mystery, Fravor said.
Nearing the end of a 24-year career in the Navy and Marines, Fravor had plenty of experience encountering other aircraft in the sky, but this one was different, he said. It was bright white, cylindrical, with rounded ends. It had no wings, no windows, no exhaust plume.
And then there was that speed. “It was impressive. It was fast. It was maneuverable, and I’d really like to fly it,” Fravor said he told the executive officer on the Nimitz afterwards.
He came within nearly a half-mile of it, he estimated. He and his back-seater as well as the men in the other plane saw it with their own eyes for 3 to 5 minutes, he said.
“What’s unique about [our encounter] is we physically interacted and chased it,” he said. “We literally engaged it.”
Later, back at the carrier, he told his back-seater, “Dude, I don’t know about you, but I’m pretty weirded out.”
More fighters were launched and, while they didn’t see it with the naked eye, one crew saw it on their radar and video screens, he said. A copy of the video has been released by the Defense Department. (A second video released by the government shows a different encounter on the East Coast.)
In addition to the Princeton tracking the objects, Fravor said, the Nimitz and an E-2 surveillance plane in the area could also see the objects on their radars.
Was there an intelligence controlling the object?
“Oh, yeah,” Fravor said. “It reacted to us.”
Fravor has no idea what the object was or what it was doing. He says he jokes with people that the object was the one that messed up — by being seen and chased when it wasn’t supposed to be.
He got plenty of ribbing back aboard the carrier. But he said he was surprised at the lack of curiosity the Defense Department showed about the encounter, which happened in an area well-known as a Navy training ground.
“I figured someone would come out,” he said. After all, they’d been tracking the objects for two weeks and surely a debriefing would be in order. But no one ever did.
Fravor said if a foreign submarine had surfaced behind a carrier in the area, dire alarms would have been raised and questions would have been asked about how it had penetrated the Navy’s defense.
“And yet now you have many of these objects, like a dozen of them, that are just, at will, just showing up, doing whatever they want, and going away and you can do nothing about it. And no one asks any questions,” he said.
Over the years, it became just a funny story that he would tell friends — until he was contacted several months ago by Luis Elizondo, the man who once headed the Pentagon program, who asked him to tell his story to the Times.
Now he’s glad the issue is making headlines. And he supports the work of the To The Stars Academy of Arts and Science, a new group that Elizondo has joined that aims to raise money for UFO research.
“I think the story needs to be told. We need to stop making jokes and start paying attention to it,” Fravor said.
“This is not a US problem. This is a global issue,” he said. “Why aren’t we investigating these things? . . . If it’s like ‘E.T.’, then it’s all good. If it’s like ‘War of the Worlds’ or ‘Independence Day,’ then not so much.”
He said it appears our existing technology is “way, way behind” and that if we could understand the Tic Tac’s technology it could benefit the world, leading, for example, to new sources of energy.
The $22 million reportedly spent on the five-year Pentagon program was like a “rounding error” in the Defense Department’s massive budget, he said. With better funding, he believes a breakthrough could happen.
“With the right money and the right focus, you can figure this out,” he said. “I think there’s enough brilliant, open minds.”
Fravor describes himself as an average guy — “total middle class from Toledo, Ohio” — who’s somehow managed to have some amazing experiences. (Among other things, he appeared in the PBS documentary series “Carrier” and has flown his jet over the Super Bowl.)
He said his recent appearances in the news have inspired some jests from friends, which he expected. But so far the overall reaction has been positive.
Fravor, who is married and has two grown children, said his neighbors in New Hampshire haven’t said much about it.
One, though, stopped by with a present: a box of Tic Tacs.
Does he think he will ever see a UFO again?
“Never say never. But there’s, what, 7½ billion people in the world? — and I chased it,” he said.
Here’s the video taken by one of the pilots in Fravor’s squadron aboard the Nimitz.
This video of a different encounter between fighter jets and UFOs was also released by the Defense Department.
Material from Globe wire services was used in this report.
Het lijkt erop dat onze technologie ver achterloopt. Piloot die UFO achternazat wil openheid, en wel om deze reden
Het lijkt erop dat onze technologie ver achterloopt. Piloot die UFO achternazat wil openheid, en wel om deze reden
De gepensioneerde marinepiloot David Fravor werd 13 jaar geleden de lucht ingestuurd om een UFO te onderscheppen. Wat hij ook deed, hij kon het object niet bijhouden.
“Het werd bestuurd door een intelligentie,” zegt Fravor tegen de Boston Globe. “Het reageerde op ons.”
Hij had verwacht dat iemand zich over het incident zou uitspreken, aangezien de Amerikaanse marine het object al twee weken volgde. Het bleef echter oorverdovend stil.
Niemand
Als er een buitenlandse onderzeeër was opgedoken, zouden overal alarmbellen zijn afgegaan en vragen worden gesteld, aldus Fravor.
“En toch zijn er veel van dit soort objecten die gewoon verschijnen, doen wat ze maar willen en weer verdwijnen. Je kunt er niets tegen doen,” zegt hij.
“En niemand stelt er vragen over,” vervolgt hij.
Wereldwijd
We moeten hier niet langer grapjes over maken en onze aandacht hierop richten, aldus Fravor.
Hij merkt op dat deze onbekende objecten niet alleen in de VS, maar wereldwijd worden waargenomen en vraagt zich af waarom ze niet worden onderzocht.
Ver achterloopt
Het lijkt erop dat onze bestaande technologie ‘ver achterloopt’, stelt Fravor, toevoegende dat het onderzoek naar de onbekende objecten kan leiden tot bijvoorbeeld nieuwe energiebronnen.
“Als je genoeg geld hebt en de juiste focus, kun je dit achterhalen,” besluit hij. “Ik denk dat er genoeg briljante mensen met een open geest zijn.”
Archaeologists in India believe the might have found the oldest known depiction of celestial objects in a curious example of ancient rock art. The etched stone was found at the Burzahom archaeological site in India’s Kashmir Valley. The stone was unearthed during a 1969 excavation, but has puzzled archaeologists ever since due to its enigmatic depiction of what appears to be two large objects in the sky, possibly twin suns or twin moons. Now, a new study claims that the mysterious carving may depict a particularly bright supernova which occurred around 4,500 BC. Is the Burzahom carving a record of an ancient astronomical event, or is something weirder afoot here?
The stone, left, and a rendering of its etching.
The rock drawing appears to show two hunters closing in on a stag with the help of a dog beneath two large, luminous orbs in the sky overhead. Astrophysicist Mayank Vahia of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Mumbai just published the new supernova theory after cross referencing astronomical records with radiocarbon dating of various objects found at the Burzahom archaeological site. The two objects in the rock art appear to have the same brightness and appear side-by-side, ruling out the theory that they might depict the Sun and moon. Vahia instead believes that one of the orbs could be the moon, while the other may be an extremely bright supernova which rivaled the brightness of the moon.
Supernova HB9 as seen today.
In his recently published study of the stone, Vahia concludesthat “only one Supernova remnant, HB9, meets all these criteria and it exploded around 4500 BC with a brightness comparable to the brightness of the Moon.” Vahia goes on to speculate that the two hunters in the image might not be hunters at all, but instead represent the constellations Orion and Pisces, while the animals represent Taurus and the Andromeda galaxy.
Could this be an ancient star chart?
If confirmed, that theory would mean the ancient people at Burzahom possessed astronomical knowledge far more advanced than what archaeological records have previously indicated. Could this be an example of ancient astronomical knowledge, or could this stone depict something stranger? A visit from two orb-shaped UFOs? The memories of ancient astronauts who came from a planet with twin suns? Or could these merely be some sort of decorative elements which have been misinterpreted by modern researchers?
Theres no telling what might have been depicted on the stone.
One question I keep coming back to when covering these kinds of archaeological stories is wondering just how wrong our interpretation of ancient artifact may be. Could future civilizations accurately interpret the meanings of modern street art, the works of Salvador Dalí, or the Statue of Liberty? What would they make of a dead iPhone, a Furby, or a fidget spinner?
Strange UFO with porthole window photographed over Florida
Strange UFO with porthole window photographed over Florida
On January 12, 2018 several images were taken near Orlando, Florida of a flying saucer craft with a large rectangular shaped porthole window.
Credit images: Exopolitics.org
According to the photographer, who uses the pseudonym JP to maintain anonymity, apparently two occupants, Nordic “human looking” extraterrestrials, are standing behind the porthole window, and were telepathically communicating with him.
Article with commentary and analysis of the images is available at: exopolitics.org
It’s no secret that humans have made a mess out of our planet — literally. The most plastic-riddled place on Earth, for instance, is an island in the middle of the freaking Pacific Ocean. Meanwhile, our litter problem has grown to cosmic proportions. NASA estimates that there are millions of fragments of man-made debris zipping in Earth’s orbit at more than 17,500 mph. At such velocities, even a tiny piece of junk like a nut or bolt can wreak havoc on our satellite infrastructure as well as threaten the lives of astronauts.
Since we began sending satellites into space in the late 1950s, we’ve been leaving behind trash with every launch. Every major power has contributed to this growing space junk problem, with China chiefly amongst them most recently. In 2007, some Chinese general had the bright idea to actually test an anti-satellite missile in the field — that is, in Earth’s low-orbit. When China used this test to destroy their own Fengyun-1C weather satellite, the event was one of the worst single contributors to orbital debris, creating some 3,300 fragments. But at least China is trying to make amends.
Scientists at the Air Force Engineering University in China completed a computer simulation that found it feasible to blast orbiting junk with space-based lasers. This kind of solution was first suggested in 2014 when the space junk crisis was becoming more evident. The present simulation confirms this concept can work by calculating how long they would have to target debris and the best angles to do so.
According to the team’s calculations, a space laser would have to emit 20 bursts of light/second for two minutes to destroy debris up to 10 cm in length. Larger debris can also be broken down into more manageable bits or deflected so the new trajectory sends thejunk crashing down Earth’s upper atmosphere.
Space junk is an ever growing problem.
Credit: Quark Mag.
Quan Wen and colleagues at the Air Force Engineering University wrote that a “laser station with the same inclination and RAAN as debris has the highest removal efficiency”, and concluded space debris removal by using a space-based laser is theoretically feasible.
Not everyone is happy about the prospect of having a giant laser system deployed in space, however. Gen. John Hyten, the head of US Strategic Command, warned in March last yearthat the Chinese are “building weapons to operate from the earth in space, jamming weapons, laser weapons” and they’re developing “those capabilities to challenge the United States of America.” The general concluded that “WE cannot allow that to happen.”
China space lasers proposal offers futuristic way to take out space debris
Indeed, a laser weapon in space, even if deployed as a janitor, wont be taken well by the rest of the international community. Luckily, there are other groups working on other ideas. RemoveDebris, a project based at the University of Surrey’s Surrey Space Centre and funded by the European Union, wants to remove debris with instruments akin to a fishing net and harpoon. The European Space Agency (ESA) is toying with using magnets for the same purpose.
Various concepts for cleaning up space junk have been created, but a new one from Chinese scientists is by far the most futuristic. In a recently published paper, the team details a space-based laser station concept that uses lasers to eliminate space junk. The proposal was introduced at a time when space junk has been highlighted as a serious concern, potentially impacting future space missions.
Space junk involves a variety of man-made equipment left orbiting after its lifespan ends. While this isn’t much of a concern for people on Earth, as the junk burns up as it eventually falls back toward the planet, it is a big problem for space missions.
China space lasers proposal offers futuristic way to take out space debris
Space agencies and companies have been calling for effective cleaning solutions to clean up this junk before it causes a catastrophe. In a newly published paper titled “Impacts of orbital elements of space-based laser station on small scale space debris removal,” the team of scientists detail a simulation that indicates such methods could be effective.
The lasers wouldn’t entirely eliminate the space junk, but instead break it down into smaller pieces that pose less of a risk to future space missions. Such a paper is no doubt fueling concerns among some in the US government that China is increasingly working on space weapons that could be used to target US satellites.
Concerns about such weapons were raised by the US military last month by US Strategic Command head Gen. John Hyten, who also accused Russia of building such devices. Chinese surveillance concerns have been a hot topic in Congress again, a reality recently underscored by a bill proposal seeking to ban US government entities from contracting with firms that use Huawei and/or ZTE hardware.
Scientists measuring the age of the universe with a new model are left stumped by discovery
Scientists measuring the age of the universe with a new model are left stumped by discovery
A gravitational wave seems to have confirmed the age of the universe but with intrigue, say experts.
The study of one of the gravitational waves recorded in recent months has allowed estimating the age of the Universe, confirming previous calculations but with an intrigue factor.
The direct detection of gravitational waves from at least five sources during the last two years offers a spectacular confirmation of Einstein’s gravity and space-time model.
Astronomers also gathered information on the massive formation of stars, gamma ray bursts, neutron star characteristics and (for the first time) the verification of theoretical ideas about how very heavy elements such as gold are produced.
According to reports from the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, astronomers used a single gravitational wave event—referred to as GW170817— to measure the age of our universe.
NGC4993, the galaxy hosting the gravitational wave event GW170817 that has been used to measure the age of the universe.
Image Credit: ESA/NASA
Experts at the CfA (Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), Peter Blanchard, Tarreneh Eftekhari, Victoria Villar and Peter Williams were members of a team of 1,314 scientists from around the globe who contributed to the detection of gravitational waves from a merging pair of binary neutron stars, followed by the detection of gamma-rays, and the identification of the origin of the cataclysm in a source in the galaxy NGC4993 detected in images taken with several delays in wavelengths from X-rays to radio.
Furthermore, analysis of the gravitational waves of the event suggests its intrinsic strength.
The observed force is smaller, which implies that the source is about 140 million light-years away.
Experts note that NGC4993, the host galaxy, has an outward velocity because of the expansion of the universe that can be measured from its spectral lines.
Eureka! Moment
Knowing how far away it is and how fast the galaxy is moving allows scientists to calculate the time since the expansion began: aka the age of the universe: between 11,900 and 15,700 million years due to experimental uncertainties.
Scientists note how the age derived from this unique event is consistent with decades-old estimates of observations based on statistical methods that use two other sources: cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) and galaxy movements.
The first is based on the mapping of the very weak distribution of light that dates back about four hundred thousand years after the Big Bang; while the latter involves a statistical analysis of the distances and movements of tens of thousands of galaxies in relatively recent times.
The fact that a single gravitational wave even allowed the determination of the age of the cosmos is beyond remarkable and is not possible with every gravity wave detection. As noted by a statement by the cFa, in this case, there was an optical identification of the source (so that speed could be measured) and the source was not too distant or too weak.
With a large statistical sample of gravitational wave events of all types, the current range of values for age will be reduced, explain experts.
The Wow part
The new result is intriguing for many reasons. Despite the fact that both CMBR and galaxy measurements are fairly accurate, they appear to be in disagreement with each other at approximately ten percent.
While this could just be an observational error, there are some astronomers who suspect that it might be a real difference reflecting something currently missing from our picture of the cosmic expansion process, perhaps connected with the fact that the CMBR arises from a vastly different epoch of cosmic time than does the galaxy data. This third method, gravitational wave events, may help solve the puzzle.
Scientists Spot Abrupt Deceleration Never Before Seen In A Comet
Scientists Spot Abrupt Deceleration Never Before Seen In A Comet
Observations with NASA’s Swift Space Telescope have revealed an abrupt, unprecedented slowdown in the rotation of a comet.
Images taken in May of 2017 revealed that comet 41P / Tuttle-Giacobini-Kresák—41P for short—revolved three times slower than in March when it was observed by the Discovery Channel Telescope at the Lowell Observatory in Arizona.
This deceleration is the most spectacular change in the rotation of a comet ever seen, and scientists aren’t really sure what is going on.
Comet 41P/Tuttle-Giacobini-Kresak near Messier 108 and Messier 97 (Owl Nebula).
According to astronomers, comet 41P orbits our Sun every 5.4 years.
When a comet approaches the Sun, the increase in heating causes the ice on its surface to change directly to a gas, producing jets that throw particles of dust and frozen grains into space.
“The previous record for a comet spindown went to 103P/Hartley 2, which slowed its rotation from 17 to 19 hours over 90 days,” said Dennis Bodewits, an associate research scientist at the University of Maryland (UMD) in College Park who presented the findings Wednesday, Jan. 10, at the American Astronomical Society (AAS) meeting in Washington. “By contrast, 41P spun down by more than 10 times as much in just 60 days, so both the extent and the rate of this change is something we’ve never seen before.”
Scientists note that this material forms an extended atmosphere, called a coma. Ground-based observations established the initial rotation period of 41P in approximately 20 hours at the beginning of March 2017 and detected its deceleration later in the same month.
The comet zipped at a distance of 21.2 million kilometers from Earth on April 1, and eight days later it made its closest approach to the Sun.
Check out this video from NASA:
Swift’s Ultraviolet / optical telescope monitored the comet from May 7 to May 9, revealing variations in brightness associated with material recently expelled to coma.
These slow changes indicated that the 41P rotation period had more than doubled, between 46 and 60 hours.
Estimates of 41P water production, along with small body size, suggest that more than half of its surface contains jets activated by sunlight.
That’s a much larger fraction of active jets than in most comets.
Astronomers suspect that these active areas are favorably oriented to produce pairs that slow down the 41P spin.
“We suspect that the jets from the active areas are oriented in a favorable way to produce the torques that slowed 41P’s spin,” said Tony Farnham, a principal research scientist at UMD. “If the torques continued acting after the May observations, 41P’s rotation period could have slowed to 100 hours or more by now.”
A slow turn can make the comet’s rotation unstable, allowing it to start falling without a fixed axis of rotation.
This would produce a dramatic change in the seasonal warming of the comet and could lead to future outbreaks of activity, NASA reports.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 74 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.