Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 13 YEARS.
ON 06/06/2024 MORE THAN 2.056.610
VISITORS FROM 134 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
23-05-2024
Could Alien Solar Panels Be Technosignatures?
This image shows the Westlands Solar Park in the San Joaquin Valley. Could massive solar farms create a distinct technosignature? Image Credit: Westlands Solar ParkPOSTED BY EVAN GOUGH
Could Alien Solar Panels Be Technosignatures?
If alien technological civilizations exist, they almost certainly use solar energy. Along with wind, it’s the cleanest, most accessible form of energy, at least here on Earth. Driven by technological advances and mass production, solar energy on Earth is expanding rapidly.
It seems likely that ETIs (Extraterrestrial Intelligence) using widespread solar energy on their planet could make their presence known to us.
If other ETIs exist, they could easily be ahead of us technologically. Silicon solar panels could be widely used on their planetary surfaces. Could their mass implementation constitute a detectable technosignature?
The authors of a new paper examine that question. The paper is “Detectability of Solar Panels as a Technosignature,” and it’ll be published in The Astrophysical Journal. The lead author is Ravi Kopparapu from NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.
In their paper, the authors assess the detectability of silicon-based solar panels on an Earth-like habitable zone planet. “Silicon-based photovoltaic cells have high reflectance in the UV-VIS and in the near-IR, within the wavelength range of a space-based flagship mission concept like the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO),” the authors write. The HWO would search for and image Earth-like worlds in habitable zones. There’s no timeline for the mission, but the 2020 Decadal Survey recommended the telescope be built. This research looks ahead to the mission or one like it sometime in the future.
Naturally, the authors make a number of assumptions about a hypothetical ETI using solar power. They assume that an ETI is using large-scale photovoltaics (PVs) based on silicon and that their planet orbits a Sun-like star. Silicon PVs are cost-effective to produce, and they are well-suited to harness the energy from a Sun-like star.
Kopparapu and his co-authors aren’t the first to suggest that silicon PVs could constitute a technosignature. In a 2017 paper, Avi Loeb and Manasvi Lingam from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics wrote that silicon-based PVs create an artificial edge in their spectra. This edge is similar to the ‘red edge‘ detectable in Earth’s vegetation when viewed from space but shifted to shorter wavelengths. “Future observations of reflected light from exoplanets would be able to detect both natural and artificial edges photometrically if a significant fraction of the planet’s surface is covered by vegetation or photovoltaic arrays, respectively,” Lingam and Loeb wrote.
“The “edge” refers to the noticeable increase in the reflectance of the material under consideration when a reflected light spectrum is taken of the planet,” the authors of the new research explain. Satellites monitor the red edge on Earth to observe agricultural crops, and the same could apply to sensing PVs on other worlds.
This figure shows the reflection spectrum of a deciduous leaf (data from Clark et al. 1993). The large sharp rise (between 700 and 800 nm) is known as the red edge and is due to the contrast between the strong absorption of chlorophyll and the otherwise reflective leaf. Image Credit: Seager et al. 2005.
While Lingam and Loeb suggested the possibility, Kopparapu and his co-authors dug deeper. They point out that we could generate enough energy for our needs (as of 2022) if only 2.4% of the Earth’s surface was covered in silicon-based PVs. The 2.4% number is only accurate if the chosen location is optimized. For Earth, that means the Sahara Desert, and something similar may be true on an alien world.
The authors explain, “This region is both close to the equator, where a comparatively greater amount of solar energy would be available throughout the year, and has minimal cloud coverage.”
The authors also work with a 23% land coverage number. This number reflects previous research showing that for a projected maximum human population of 10 billion people, 23% land coverage would provide a high standard of living for everyone. They also use it as an upper limit because anything beyond that seems highly unlikely and would have negative consequences. On Earth, the entire continent of Africa is about 23% of the surface.
The authors’ calculations show that an 8-meter telescope similar to the HWO would not detect an Earth-like exoplanet with 2.4% of its surface covered with PVs.
f an ETI covered 23% of its surface with energy-harvesting PVs, would that be detectable? It would be difficult to untangle the planet’s light from the star’s light and would require hundreds of hours of observation time to reach an acceptable Signal-to-Noise (S/N) ratio.
“Because we have chosen the 0.34 ?m–0.52?m range to calculate the impact of silicon panels on the reflectance spectra, the difference between a planet with and without silicon is not markedly different, even with 23% land cover,” the authors explain.
Technological progress adds another wrinkle to these numbers. As PV technology advances, an ETI would cover less of its planet’s surface area to generate the same amount of energy, making detection even more difficult.
This figure from the research shows the planet-star contrast ratio as a function of wavelength for 2.4 % land coverage with PVs (blue solid), 23 % PVs (red solid) and 0% (green dashed) land coverage of solar panels. “This suggests that the artificial silicon edge suggested by Lingam & Loeb (2017) may not be detectable,” the authors write. Image Credit: Kopparapu et al. 2024.
Solar energy is expanding rapidly on Earth. Each year, more individual homes, businesses, and institutions implement solar arrays. Those might not constitute technosignatures, but individual installations aren’t the only thing growing.
China built a vast solar power plant called the Gonghe Photovoltaic Project in its sparsely populated Qinghai Province. It generates 3182 MW. India has the Bhadla Solar Park (2,245 MW) in the Thar Desert. Saudi Arabia has built several new solar plants and intends to build more. Other innovative solar projects are announced regularly.
But will we realistically ever cover 2.4% of our planet in solar arrays? Will we need to? There are many questions.
Generating solar power in the heat of the Sahara Desert is challenging. The extreme heat reduces efficiency. Building the infrastructure required to deliver the energy to population centres is also another challenge. Then consider that silicon-based PVs may not be the end point in solar panel development. Perovskite-based PVs hold a lot of promise to outperform silicon. They’re more efficient than silicon, and researchers frequently break energy records with them (in laboratories.) Would perovskite PVs create the same “edge” in a planet’s spectra?
The authors didn’t consider specific technological advances like perovskite because it’s beyond the scope of their paper.
The bottom line is that silicon-based solar arrays on a planetary surface are unlikely to create an easily detectable technosignature. “Assuming an 8-meter HWO-like telescope, focusing on the reflection edge in the UV-VIS, and considering varying land coverage of solar panels on an Earth-like exoplanet that match the present and projected energy needs, we estimate that several hundreds of hours of observation time is needed to reach a SNR of ~5 for a high land coverage of ~23%,” the authors write.
The Bhadla Solar Park is a large PV installation that aims to generate over 2,000 MW of solar energy. Image Credit: (Left) Google Earth. (Right) Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2020, Attribution, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=90537462
The authors also wonder what this means for the Kardashev Scale and things like Dyson Spheres. In that paradigm, ETIs require more and more energy and eventually build a mega engineering project that harvests all of the energy available from their star. A Dyson Sphere would create a powerful technosignature, and astronomers are already looking for them.
But if the numbers in this research are correct, we may never see one because they’re not needed.
“We find that, even with significant population growth, the energy needs of human civilization would be several orders of magnitude below the energy threshold for a Kardashev Type I civilization or a Dyson sphere/swarm which harnesses the energy of a star,” they conclude. “This line of inquiry reexamines the utility of such concepts and potentially addresses one crucial aspect of the Fermi paradox: We have not discovered any large-scale engineering yet, conceivably because advanced technologies may not need them.”
Einstein, teleportatie en het raadselachtige 'Philadelphia Experiment' Geloof je in buitenaards leven? Denk je dat tijdreizen een mogelijkheid is? Als jouw antwoorden op beide vragen 'nee' is, lees dan verder over deze vermeende gebeurtenis in de Verenigde Staten tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog. Het is huiveringwekkend!
Vragen zonder antwoorden Het universum verbergt veel mysteries. Een daarvan is of er intelligent leven aanwezig. Het volgende verhaal suggereert dat dit inderdaad het geval is en onthult daarnaast dingen die nog angstaanjagender zijn.
Experiment Volgens het boek 'The Expanding Case for the UFO' van Morris K. Jessup (een aan de University of Michigan opgeleide astronoom) heeft de Amerikaanse marine een experiment uitgevoerd dat bekend zou worden als het 'Philadelphia Experiment'.
Hoe gebeurde het? Verondersteld wordt dat het schip, gemeerd in de stad Philadelphia, in een flits licht, met haar bemanning en al, aan boord spoorloos verdween.
Getuigen Vermeend getuige van het incident was marinier Carl Allen. Hij beweerde eveneens te hebben gezien dat enkele bemanningsleden dood waren, versmolten met de scheepsromp.
EInstein's onderzoek Volgens het History Channel, ontwikkelde Albert Einstein een project van voor het Amerikaanse leger dat het fenomeen zou kunnen verklaren.
Einstein's onderzoek Volgens zijn unificatietheorie ('theorie van alles'), zou een elektromagnetisch apparaat hiervoor verantwoordelijk kunnen zijn. De VS wilde oceaan kunnen oversteken zonder dat het door de vijandelijke schepen waargenomen zou worden.
Onzichtbaar Volgens het History Channel, zou Einstein een experiment hebben ontwikkeld waarbij een sterk elektromagnetisch veld werd geïnstalleerd op het schip dat het 'onzichtbaar' zou maken voor radars en mijnen. Maar beweerd wordt dat het experiment een heel ander effect had.
Film De film 'The Philadelphia Experiment' is gebaseerd op het verhaal en werd uitgebracht in 1984. Jaren later zou de film opnieuw voor controverse zorgen.
Getuigenis Alfred Bielek kwam met nieuwe getuigenverklaringen en claimde dat de film hem zijn ervaringen tijdens het experiment opnieuw deed beleven. Volgens hem werden ze niet alleen naar een andere plek geteleporteerd, maar hebben ze ook door de tijd gereisd.
Buitenaards leven Door de ophoping van zoveel energie zou er volgens Bielek een doorgangsportaal in de ruimte zijn ontstaan door welke UFO's naar onze planeet zouden kunnen komen.
Bewijs? Alfred Bielek ging zelfs verder en zei dat de Amerikaanse marine hier niet alleen weet van had, maar dat het eveneens een buitenaards wezen gevangen had weten te nemen.
Verre van voorbij Zij die niet in deze samenzweringstheorie geloven wijzen op objectieve feiten die het weerspreken. Voor hen die er wel in geloven, zijn de antwoorden op het marineschip zelf te vinden.
Verslagen Volgens de verslagen is er geen buitengewone activiteit waargenomen en er is ook geen document dat kan bevestigen dat het schip in Norfolk is aangemeerd.
Onzichtbaarheid Er zijn gevorderde wetenschappelijke onderzoeken gedaan naar onzichtbaarheid die geen directe relatie hebben tot de theorie van Einstein.
Wat je nog niet weet over het einde der tijden Het boek Openbaring (Apokalypse in het Grieks) is een nogal dramatisch deel van de Bijbel en beschrijft de laatste strijd tussen het goede en het kwade. Maar wie schreef het boek eigenlijk en wat kunnen we er nu uit opmaken? Klik verder en ontdek!
Het gaat niet alleen om het einde van de wereld Veel mensen geloven dat het boek Openbaring slechts een apocalyptisch verslag is van wat er gaat komen. Maar de auteur van het boek, Johannes, was eigenlijk meer bezig met de wederkomst van Christus.
Het gaat niet alleen om het einde van de wereld In 70 n.Chr. maakte Johannes een tragische episode in de geschiedenis mee, toen de Romeinen Jeruzalem zo goed als verwoestten. Jezus moest terugkeren om de Romeinen te laten boeten voor zijn dood en de vervolging van christenen.
Het gaat niet alleen om het einde van de wereld Door dit soort anti-Romeinse propaganda bleven christenen geloven dat hun heer en verlosser nog tijdens hun leven zou terugkeren. Het was daarmee eigenlijk een perfecte manier om christenen te motiveren christen te blijven.
De apocalypse zou het script van een horrorfilm kunnen zijn Sommige delen van het boek Openbaring zijn extreem gewelddadig. Dit geldt in het bijzonder voor de apocalyps. Dat begint met de vier ruiters van de apocalyps. De paarden waarop ze reden om precies te zijn.
De vier ruiters van de apocalyps Openbaring 9:17-19 biedt enig inzicht in hoe deze 'paarden' eruit zagen: 'De koppen van de paarden leken op de koppen van leeuwen, en uit hun mond kwam vuur, rook en zwavel.'
De vier ruiters van de apocalyps 'De kracht van de paarden zat in hun monden en in hun staarten; want hun staarten waren als slangen, met koppen waarmee ze verwondingen toebrachten.'
De mensheid komt er slecht vanaf Ze worden levend gekookt door de zon, worden getroffen door gigantische hagelstenen, en dan wordt de zon zwart en verandert de maan in bloed. Oh ja, de sterren vallen ook nog uit de lucht en als klap op de vuurpijl komt er nog een aardbeving.
Het wordt nog gekker Er komen ook nog sprinkhanen wier 'gezichten op menselijke gezichten lijken. Hun haar is als vrouwenhaar en hun tanden zijn als leeuwentanden.' Ze hebben ook een angel als schorpioenen, maar mogen niemand doden. In plaats daarvan zullen ze mensen vijf maanden lang martelen.
Openbaring heeft de Bijbel gehaald dankzij één man Het duurde een paar jaar voordat de Bijbel werd samengesteld. Onder de vele beschouwde boeken zat het boek Openbaring. Athanasius was een van de meest invloedrijke priesters in het proces.
Openbaring heeft de Bijbel gehaald dankzij één man Terwijl veel andere geleerden en priesters Openbaring verwierpen, zag Athanasius het als een krachtig wapen om te gebruiken tegen iedereen die zich tegen de kerk wilde afzetten. Ondanks dat hij tijdens zijn carrière als bisschop vijf keer werd afgezet en verbannen, was zijn visie geloofwaardig genoeg om het boek in het Nieuwe Testament op te nemen.
Wie heeft het boek Openbaring geschreven? Er is enige discussie over welke Johannes eigenlijk Openbaring heeft geschreven. Er zijn namelijk vijf mannen met de naam Johannes in de Bijbel, een van hen was de apostel van Jezus en de auteur van een van de evangeliën.
Wie heeft het boek Openbaring geschreven? Een andere theorie is dat de schrijver van het boek 'Johannes' en het boek Openbaring dezelfde zijn. Maar niet iedereen deelt die mening.
Dus wie schreef Openbaring nu? De apostel Johannes noemt meerdere keren zijn eigen naam in zijn boek, maar dat doet hij niet in Openbaring. Daarom wordt verondersteld dat Openbaring niet van zijn hand kan zijn.
Dus wie schreef Openbaring nu? Beide auteurs verwijzen naar Jezus als het lam, maar ze gebruiken verschillende Griekse woorden voor het dier. Bovendien is het Grieks zelf op een veel betere manier geschreven door de Johannes apostel, terwijl de auteur van Openbaring geen moedertaalspreker lijkt te zijn.
De schrijver was geen doorsnee christen Het christendom was destijds verdeeld in vele facties, en Johannes was waarschijnlijk een Jood die Jezus als de Joodse Messias zag.
De harde mening van Johannes De schrijver geeft in het boek talloze tips. Hij was er bijvoorbeeld geen voorstander van dat heidenen (niet-joden) volgelingen van Jezus zouden worden zonder de regels te volgen die in de Thora zijn uiteengezet.
De harde mening van Johannes Johannes was ook bepaald geen fan van kerken die heidenen accepteerden, en noemde een daarvan zelfs een 'synagoge van Satan'.
666 heeft niets met Satan te maken De meesten van ons associëren het getal 666 met de duivel. Maar Openbaring 13:18 luidt: 'Dit vraagt om wijsheid. Laat de persoon die inzicht heeft het getal van het beest berekenen, want het is het getal van een mens. Dat aantal is 666.'
666 heeft niets met Satan te maken Maar dit is niet het getal van de duivel. Het is in feite het getal van een persoon, zoals beschreven in Openbaring. Geleerden geloven dat de persoon keizer Nero is.
Hoe is de berekening gemaakt? Dit werd verkregen met behulp van de Hebreeuwse numerologie van gematria (een Joodse vorm van numerologie die waarden toekent aan letters).
Waarom Nero? Nero was extreem gemeen tegen christenen. Hij zag ze het liefst levend verbranden. Dus hij was een uitstekende kandidaat voor de titel van het beest.
En hoe zit het met het merkteken van het beest? Het merkteken van het beest dat in Openbaring 13:16-17 wordt genoemd, wordt verondersteld een verwijzing te zijn naar Romeinse munten of keizerlijke postzegels.
Toen de dag des oordeels uitbleef Er zijn talloze mislukte voorspellingen van de apocalyps op basis van Openbaring geweest. Zo beweerde de Schotse wiskundige John Napier dat de wereld zou eindigen in 1688 of 1700.
Mislukte voorspellingen Maar er zijn ook modernere voorbeelden, zoals de Branch Davidiaanse sekte. De leden daarvan stierven in 1993 op tragische wijze in wat bekend werd als het bloedbad van Waco in Texas. Meer recentelijk zat complottheoreticus David Meade er ook naast. Hij dacht dat het einde der tijden in 2017 of 2018 zou komen
Er zijn meer apocalyptische boeken Er zijn andere Joodse apocalyptische geschriften. IV (4) Ezra, ook bekend als de Apocalyps van Esdras, geeft het boek Openbaring een run voor zijn geld.
Je kunt de plek bezoeken waar Openbaring is geschreven De locatie van Johannes is te vinden in Openbaring 1:9. Hij schreef het vermoedelijk op het Griekse eiland Patmos.
Je kunt de plek bezoeken waar Openbaring is geschreven Er is eigenlijk een grot, omringd door een klooster, waarvan wordt aangenomen dat dit de plaats is waar de auteur het boek heeft geschreven. Hoewel er eigenlijk geen bewijs is, werd het belangrijk genoeg geacht om een UNESCO-werelderfgoed te worden.
Openbaring beïnvloedde het Midden-Oostenbeleid van Amerika Evangelicalen hebben een grote invloed in de Amerikaanse politiek en velen zien de staat Israël als onderdeel van de profetie die in Openbaring is uiteengezet. Voordat Jezus terugkeert, moeten Joodse mensen terugkeren naar Israël en bijgevolg Christus als hun verlosser aanvaarden.
Verschillende interpretatie van gebeurtenissen Het preterisme beschouwt de gebeurtenissen in Openbaring als iets dat al was gebeurd toen het werd geschreven. Dit zou ergens tussen het moment dat Johannes de Doper de boodschap bracht en de val van Jeruzalem in 70 n.Chr. zijn gebeurd.
'GLOBAL PHENOMENON' | Space Commander says non human intelligence is ‘interacting’ with humanity
'GLOBAL PHENOMENON' | Space Commander says non human intelligence is ‘interacting’ with humanity
"This is a global phenomenon. It is affecting other countries, not just the United States.”
COLONEL KARL NEIL
Níall Feiritear
The recent Head of the Pentagon’s Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP) Task Force stated on Tuesday that non human intelligence is interacting with humanity.
Colonel Karl Nell was speaking at the Salt Conference in New York about non-human intelligence (NHI) and UFOs.
On April 12, 2021, the Pentagon confirmed the authenticity of pictures and videos gathered by the UAP Task Force, showing "pyramid-shaped objects" hovering above the USS Russell in 2019.
"So non-human intelligence exists, non-human intelligence has been interacting with humanity.
"This is not new and has been going. Unelected people in Government are aware,” Colonel Nell said.
The high level military officer was asked how confident he was about this.
Alleged UAP
He gave a quick rundown of his career for the many financial professionals in attendance at the event.
"I worked on Space Command, I commanded a satellite ground station war traced to the joint Chiefs. I spent time at Wright Patterson, the Army sent me for Masters in Strategic Studies, I ended up at Bell Labs.
"Ended at Lockheed Missiles and Space, I went to Northrop Grumman, I ran Strategic Tech in Defence, three letter agencies, Deputy CTO and Vice President of a number of firms.
"Stayed in military and commanded at every grade level through brigade. Ended up at Army Future’s Command and the UAP task Force.”
Colonel Nell gave reasons why the presence of non-human intelligence is not admitted openly by Government. He also questioned why people would be surprised.
"Very high level folks with access to the information have come out now and said the same thing. People in a position to know are telling you the same thing.
"What is so unusual? There is billions of stars in the galaxy.
Col. Karl Nell
"There are six basic reasons. National security. Lack of a plan. Potential societal disruption. The possibility of non-public agreement. Misdeeds and covering that up. Basic organizational intransigence.
"National security supersedes all the others. A responsible leader would be irresponsible to come forward without a plan.”
The Colonel gave reasons why the public deserve to know exactly what is going on.
“Three reasons trump the other six. Moral right. The nature of reality is not Government information.
"Government exists for and by the people. People have a right to know the world we live. The pursuit of happiness requires this knowledge.
"Misdeeds need to be remedied.
"Societal advance. More brain trust needs to be brought into this topic to improve society.
"Anyone paying attention realizes UAP are real, they are not ours and not our adversaries. The Pentagon already said that. That shoe already dropped.
"If the President says it’s NHI, that will precipitate questions the Goverment is not ready to answer, with potential negative effects on society.
"All these civilisations in the past have failed and never to return. Highly civilised and advanced.
"Yet they failed due to stresses they could not address.
"Our society today is similarly fractured. Fragile. It mirrors this scenario, for a responsible decision maker that is a factor.”
Mr Nell spoke about the possibility of humans being confronted with the reality of religious beliefs, and the possibility of a threat facing humans.
"Pose the question, if you are confronted with the reality of the metaphysical; an angel, a messenger from God.
"That will be a sea state change in your dealing with reality. its one thing to believe, another to know.
"It has the potential have an analogous affect on society.
"The universe is governed by conservation laws. Conservation rules. This reality forces a Darwinian competition in order to survive.
"It’s naive to expect altruism (from NHI) unless you get to a state of post scarcity. Where there is no physical needs we are encumbered with in this universe.
"It’s the economics of the future which will determine whether there is co-operation, competition or symbiosis.
"To assume malintent or complete altruism is somewhat naive.
"This is a global phenomenon. It is affecting other countries, not just the United States. Organized religion has a say. This is an all planet problem.”
For obvious reasons, military bases and installations, especially nuclear weapons bases, are hot spots for UFO sightings.
However, most of those UFOsightings don’t result in actual encounters with the craft, or whoever is controlling them.
Which is exactly what happened in the case of United States Air Force Staff Sergeant Mario Woods, who was with the USAF Security Police in 1977.
While Woods was on duty guarding the missile silos at Ellsworth Air Force Base in South Dakota in 1977, he says he was at a control center outside the main base when, he tells the Disclosure Team podcast, “I just happened to look to my east which in the direction of Ellsworth Air Force Base, about 55 miles away, and … I see this light in the sky.”
“I thought what is that? Is that a helicopter? is that a B-52 bomber? B52s sometimes fly these training sorties at night and they fly at low level right over the prairie,” Mario Woods continued. “They would be practicing an attack run somewhere, to go high to low and come in then come up into an area and disperse their ordinance.”
It wasn’t.
Shortly after seeing this, he and his team were alerted by a signal that something had penetrated the perimeter of the base.
He and another member of the Air Force drove until they were about a mile away from the UFO.
“You could see this pulsation … these orange, red and white colors,” Woods said. “It was the strangest thing.”
As they got even closer to the UFO, Woods said they realized that this object in the sky was “the size of a Walmart building, and as long as an aircraft carrier.”
“I’ve been on C5 Galaxies and flown from from Korea to the United States twice on one, there and back, so I know the size of those things,” he said.
“They are minuscule compared to this craft, I mean that’s just how big it was. There was no noise, but it was only sitting 10 feet off the ground.”
He claims the entire area was lit up “like standing in a welder’s light.”
And that was only the beginning of the weirdness he experienced that night.
Mario Woods also claimed that while near the UFO he felt as if he was being pulled out of his seat while at the same time feeling a force putting pressure on his chest.
That’s when he saw something that today would probably be considered to be like a drone. But this was 1977.
So, when “a ball about four to five times the size of a beach-ball appeared just a few inches above the hood” and “shot around like a ping pong ball” before flying off, he had no idea what he was seeing.
But wait, his story somehow gets even more troubling.
“I saw these four beings, three small and one tall, about 20 feet away,” he claimed. “They weren’t walking, but they were all just moving at the same time. coming toward me. The small one that was on the right side of the tall one had a a wand or some type of a rod with a yellow tip on it that glowed in a way that brought my attention to it.”
After feeling like the aliens spoke to him without actually being audible, he says the next thing he remembers is it being five hours later and his vehicle was parked on a dam 10 miles away from where he encountered the UFO.
“The strangest part about that is the vehicle was facing the only direction in which it could leave in, and there were no tire tracks coming in there,” he claimed.
He says that when returned to the base he told his story – minus the aliens, because he was worried about the reaction it would have caused – and was ordered to sign a non-disclosure document.
Pluto’s Subsurface Ocean is 8% Denser than Seawater on Earth, Study Suggests
Pluto’s Subsurface Ocean is 8% Denser than Seawater on Earth, Study Suggests
Planetary researchers from Washington University in St. Louis and the Lunar and Planetary Institute have used mathematical models and unprecedented high-resolution images from NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft to take a closer look at the subsurface ocean that likely lies beneath Pluto’s thick shell of nitrogen, methane and water ice.
For many decades, planetary scientists assumed that Pluto could not support an ocean.
The surface temperature is about minus 220 degrees Celsius (minus 364 degrees Fahrenheit), a temperature so cold even gases like nitrogen and methane freeze solid. Water shouldn’t have a chance.
“Pluto is a small body,” said Alex Nguyen, a Ph.D. student at Washington University in St. Louis.
“It should have lost almost all of its heat shortly after it was formed, so basic calculations would suggest that it’s frozen solid to its core.”
But in recent years, scientists have gathered evidencesuggestingPluto likely contains an ocean of liquid water beneath the ice.
That inference came from several lines of evidence, including Pluto’s cryovolcanoes that spew ice and water vapor.
“Although there is still some debate, it’s now generally accepted that Pluto has an ocean,” Nguyen said
The new study probes Pluto’s ocean in greater detail, even if it’s far too deep below the ice for planetary scientists to ever see.
Nguyen and his colleague, Dr. Patrick McGovern of the Lunar and Planetary Institute, created mathematical models to explain the cracks and bulges in the ice covering Pluto’sSputnik Platina basin, the site of a meteor collision billions of years ago.
Their calculations suggest the ocean in this area exists beneath a shell of water ice 40 to 80 km (25-50 miles) thick, a blanket of protection that likely keeps the inner ocean from freezing solid.
They also calculated the likely density or salinity of the ocean based on the fractures in the ice above.
They estimate Pluto’s ocean is, at most, about 8% denser than seawater on Earth, or roughly the same as Utah’s Great Salt Lake. If you could somehow get to Pluto’s ocean, you could effortlessly float.
“This level of density would explain the abundance of fractures seen on the surface,” Nguyen said
“If the ocean was significantly less dense, the ice shell would collapse, creating many more fractures than actually observed. If the ocean was much denser, there would be fewer fractures.
“We estimated a sort of Goldilocks zone where the density and shell thickness is just right.”
Space agencies have no plans to return to Pluto any time soon, so many of its mysteries will remain for future generations of researchers.
“Whether it’s called a planet, a planetoid, or merely one of many objects in the outer reaches of the Solar System, it’s worth studying,” Nguyen said.
P.J. McGovern & A.L. Nguyen. 2024. The role of Pluto’s ocean’s salinity in supporting nitrogen ice loads within the Sputnik Planitia basin. Icarus 412: 115968; doi: 10.1016/j.icarus.2024.115968
Pentagon UFO Cover-Up Exposed? An In-Depth Look at the Lehto Files Investigation
Pentagon UFO Cover-Up Exposed? An In-Depth Look at the Lehto Files Investigation
In a riveting episode of the Lehto Files, retired F-16 pilot Chris Lehto explores a controversial interview where noted skeptic Steven Greenstreet interrogates Dr. Sean Kirkpatrick, the former director of the Pentagon’s All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO). The crux of the interview revolves around Kirkpatrick’s denial of attending a 2018 Senate briefing on Skinwalker Ranch, despite photographic evidence and assertions from Brandon Fugal, the current owner of the ranch.
The Controversial Interview
Steven Greenstreet, known for his critical stance on UFO phenomena, questioned Dr. Kirkpatrick about his involvement with UFOs before 2022. Kirkpatrick asserted that he had no prior duties or interests in UFOs outside of casual movie-watching. However, Greenstreet challenged this claim by referencing a 2018 briefing that Kirkpatrick allegedly attended, where Skinwalker Ranch was the focus.
The Evidence
Photographic evidence and testimonies from Brandon Fugal indicate that Kirkpatrick not only attended but led the 2018 briefing on Skinwalker Ranch. This briefing, conducted with high-level Pentagon officials, directly contradicts Kirkpatrick’s statements. Fugal provided photos showing Kirkpatrick at the head of the table during the briefing, which he claimed lasted over two hours.
Kirkpatrick’s Response
When pressed by Greenstreet, Kirkpatrick admitted to attending a briefing at the request of the Senate Armed Services Committee but insisted it was unrelated to Skinwalker Ranch and was associated with research from the AATIP (Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program) and ASAP (Advanced Aerospace Weapons Systems Application Program). He maintained that his role was as an independent, objective reviewer and that he was unaware the briefing specifically involved Skinwalker Ranch until later.
The Skeptic’s Perspective
Greenstreet has long argued that a group of “True Believers” within the Department of Defense (DoD) has been fabricating the narrative of UFOs and reverse engineering programs. Despite numerous whistleblowers, including David Grusch and Colonel Charles Halt, recounting firsthand experiences, Greenstreet remains unconvinced, believing these narratives are orchestrated by a select few.
Public and Community Reaction
The UFO community is divided in response to Kirkpatrick’s role and statements. Many are concerned about his credibility and objectivity as the director of AARO. His denial of attending a significant UFO-related briefing, despite evidence to the contrary, raises questions about his transparency and the potential for a cover-up.
The Need for Transparency
The episode underscores the importance of transparency and accountability in governmental UFO investigations. Kirkpatrick’s conflicting statements and the evidence provided by Fugal highlight the need for clear and honest communication from officials involved in UFO research. Public trust is paramount, and any perceived dishonesty can severely damage confidence in governmental investigations.
Chris Lehto’s Call for Civility
Chris Lehto emphasizes the need for civil discourse and cautions against personal attacks on Kirkpatrick or his family. The focus, he insists, should be on the evidence and the validity of arguments presented. Respectful and evidence-based discussions are crucial for progressing in the understanding of UFO phenomena.
The episode of the Lehto Files brings to light potential inconsistencies and controversies in the Pentagon’s handling of UFO investigations. The conflicting accounts surrounding Dr. Sean Kirkpatrick’s involvement in the 2018 briefing on Skinwalker Ranch call for greater transparency and accountability from those in positions of authority. By fostering objective and respectful discussions, the search for truth in UFO phenomena can continue with integrity and public trust.
For so long, the idea of humanoidrobotsheld the promise of taking care of boring tasks and letting us focus on more important things. Yet here we are, without a robot that helps simplify our lives like Rosey the Robot from The Jetsons.
Still, the technology behind robots has been advancing rapidly as of late, leading to bots that have impressive dexterity or AI reasoning. Most of these robots aren’t available to customers yet, but they reignite the hope that we’re closer to robot butlers who can achieve the holy grail — doing our laundry. Here are eight of the most exciting humanoid robots that you could see in your future homes.
1.Boston Dynamics Atlas
The new and improved Atlas moves like a contortionist.
BOSTON DYNAMICS
Perhaps one of the more popular names in robotics, Boston Dynamics recently gave its humanoid robot a serious makeover. The next-gen Atlas might not move like a human anymore, but the company says this improved range of movement opens it up for more applications. Boston Dynamics will first put its latest Atlas to test in Hyundai’s manufacturing plants.
2. Tesla Optimus
The Tesla bot will use the same AI that’s found in its EVs.
TESLA OPTIMUS / X
In Tesla’s latest video showing off its humanoid robot, Optimus handles precise tasks like sorting battery cells, with ease. Besides factory use, we can see Tesla’s bot running tests with sorting laundry, organizing shelves, and even walking around the office. Tesla will likely put Optimus to work in its manufacturing plants first, but its dexterity looks like it can take care of household chores too — well, sort of.
3. Figure 01
Figure 01 looks about as close to a robot butler as we can get right now.
FIGURE
Unlike Atlas and Optimus, Figure leans on OpenAI and its ChatGPT model to add a realistic touch to its humanoid robot. As seen in this demo, Figure 01 can smoothly handle conversations with humans, while understanding tasks given to it. It can even make your coffee for you, even if it’s just pushing a button on a Keurig. Figure plans to use its robots in BMW’s manufacturing plant in South Carolina to start.
4. Unitree G1
The G1’s mobility is something to behold.
UNITREE
With 43 joint motors, Unitree’s G1 gets up from the floor just as creepily as Boston Dynamics’ Atlas. However, it can also run up to 4.5 mph, solder wires with its three-pronged hand, and even make breakfast for you. Best of all, Unitree is positioning the G1 to be a more affordable option to the existing competition at $16,000.
5. Agility Digit
We’ll see the Digit on Amazon assembly lines.
AGILITY ROBOTICS / X
You may remember Agility’s Digit robot when it partnered with Ford back in 2020. The partnership for the five-foot, nine-inch humanoid robot seems to have fizzled, but Digit found a new home through Amazon. The company plans to use it at its warehouses, but Digit’s capabilities of carrying up to 35 pounds and reaching things as high as six feet could be just as useful at home.
6. Sanctuary AI Phoenix
The Phoenix can quickly sort through various objects.
SANCTUARY AI / YOUTUBE
You might not have heard of Phoenix yet, but Sanctuary AI is actually on the seventh generation of its humanoid robot. The latest upgrade improves the Phoenix’s range of motion in all of its arm joints and how fast it can learn new tasks, now taking less than 24 hours. Sanctuary AI already deployed its Phoenix with Canadian Tire Corporation, but its general-purpose design means it can be programmed for more than that.
7. Apptronik Apollo
A friendly face makes the Apollo seem more human than others.
APPTRONIK / X
These mostly faceless robots may feel like a weird inclusion at home, but Apptronik solves that with Apollo and its digital panels on its face and chest. This design allows it to communicate with its owner its battery percentage, what task it’s working on, and what’s next on its queue.
Apptronik wants the Apollo to be like the iPhone of the robot world since it has “user-friendly hardware” that’s meant to be added on with third-party applications. We’ll see it in action soon in Mercedes-Benz’s manufacturing plants.
8. Ubtech Walker S
Thanks to Baidu’s Ernie AI, the Walker S can communicate with humans in real-time.
UBTECH / YOUTUBE
Like Figure 01, Ubtech’s Walker S leans on Baidu’s Ernie AI to understand real-time interactions and requests. It can handle things like folding clothes, while even giving you fashion advice on what to pair something with. Nio already employed the Walker S on its EV production lines, where it can be seen handling specific tasks like checking seatbelt safety and installing car emblem logos.
The most famous UFO sightings in the world Does extraterrestrial life exist? It's a mystery that intrigues us all. Despite huge advances in technological know-how, we are still no closer to proving that we are not alone, and there's no concrete evidence to suggest otherwise. But around the world, UFO sightings are reported with alarming regularity. So, should we believe in events like the notorious Roswell case, or dismiss outright the notion that we are being visited by beings from another planet?
Here is a list of the best-known cases of UFO sightings of recent times. Take a look and decide, is there something really out there?
The Greifswald lights, German Democratic Republic Thousands witnessed an organized formation of seven lights that hovered for 30 minutes in the night sky over the Greifswald nuclear power plant near Peenemünde, in 1990. Several witnesses, including a Russian nuclear physicist working at the station, managed to film the incident.
The Greifswald lights, German Democratic Republic The incident drew a skeptical response from many, though the fact the lights appeared to hang in the sky for half an hour could not be explained. One of the reasons given was that the lights were flares fired into the sky by the Russian or Polish navy. The reunification of Germany was due to take place six weeks later and some thought this was in some way a diplomatic protest to prevent or delay the union from taking place.
The Warrenton sightings, South Africa In 1994, a farmer claimed to have seen what he thought was a small, noisy air craft traveling at speed through the night sky alongside a larger 'mother ship.'
The Warrenton sightings, South Africa The noise the ship made was compared with that of a helicopter, or the engine of a Volkswagen beetle. Four other people witnessed the 1994 sighting, which was never properly explained.
The Kolkata sighting, India In 2007, a report carried in The Times Of India cited several witnesses claiming to have seen a flying object moving at high velocity through the skies over Kolkata. The sightings were reported between 3.30 am and 6.30 am.
The Kolkata sighting, India Those who witnessed the event affirmed that the object was able to alter its form, from a spherical shape something resembling a triangle. Specialists contacted by the Times of India could not explain the phenomenon.
The Vancouver sighting, Canada On February 20, 2011 several people in Vancouver reported seeing an object hovering in the sky that emitted green and red lights.
The Captain William Schaffner incident, North Sea On September 9, 1970 Royal Air Force pilot William Schaffner was flying over the North Sea when he spotted a strange object ahead of his plane, hovering over the water in the North Sea. He decided to investigate, but a few minutes later radio communication with Captain Schaffner's aircraft was lost.
The Captain William Schaffner incident, North Sea Schaffner's plane was later found ditched in the sea. Oddly, the canopy was closed and there was no trace of the pilot. This remains one of the most intriguing of cases involving a so-called UFO, and as The Telegraph reported at the time, there seems no answer as to what might have happened other than the RAF captain was practicing night time low altitude target training when his aircraft inexplicably crashed.
Incident of the Berwyn range, Wales On the night of January 23, 1974 several villagers living in the mountainous region of Berwyn in northern Wales reported seeing bright lights in the sky accompanied for a while by a very loud noise.
Incident of the Berwyn range, Wales Despite the scare the incident provoked, it was subsequently dismissed as a UFO sighting after the British Ministry of Defense confirmed that a falling meteor created the light, and after hitting the ground produced the subsequent tremor, which measured 3.5 on the Richter scale—the noise heard by the villagers
The Yenikent complex incident, Turkey Throughout 2007, 2008, and 2009, a night watchman at the Yenikent complex called Yalcin Yalman was able to film on several occasions what many believe to be UFOs hovering in the skies over Turkey.
The Yenikent complex incident, Turkey The visual recordings, now considered one of the most compelling pieces of evidence that alien life exists beyond our world, have been confirmed as genuine and free of any manipulation.
The Belgian wave of UFOs The Belgian UFO wave was the term used to describe a series of sightings of unidentified flying objects that took place between November 1989 and April 1990 in Belgium. Thousands of people reported seeing various objects in the sky, triangular in shape with lights attached to the base.
The Belgian wave of UFOs Despite the huge volume of sightings reported by the public at the time, no photographs or video footage was ever officially released to confirm the event. A photograph that emerged in 1990 and released to the press was later proved to be an altered image.
The lights of Lubbock, Texas Between August and September 1951, several unusual light formations were spotted in the skies above Lubbock, in Texas. Witnesses described seeing about 20 to 30 lights arranged in a 'V' pattern. The incident is one of the first in the United States reported as a UFO sighting.
The lights of Lubbock, Texas The same year the United States Air Force investigated the incident and concluded that the lights had been caused by a plover, a small wading bird. However, this bizarre explanation was later recounted by the USAF and no other reason was given.
The Tehran incident, Iran As two Iranian air force jets approached the mystery object the pilots lost radio communications with the ground. As they prepared to open fire on the UFO, their weapons systems also failed. It was only after leaving the vicinity of the strange craft that they resumed full control of their aircraft.
The sighting by Jimmy Carter In 1973, before he held office as the President of the United States, Jimmy Carter, governor of the state of Georgia, reported seeing an unidentified flying object.
The sighting by Jimmy Carter The case only became public after Carter was in the White House. By the late 1970s, when he was no longer president, the US press used the sighting by Carter to open up a debate about UFO sightings.
The São Paulo sightings, Brazil In 1986, 20 UFOs appeared on Brazilian military forces radars. An air force jet was scrambled to intercept them but the objects eventually disappeared from screens.
The São Paulo sightings, Brazil Several conspiracy theories subsequently surfaced regarding the sightings, but the general consensus is that the 'objects' were in fact pieces of debris from the decommissioned Salyut-7 Soviet space station, disintegrating as it fell out of orbit and into the Earth's atmosphere.
The 'Roswell Incident' The 'Roswell Incident' continues to catch the imagination of the public and media around the world. In 1947, two men out hunting claimed to have seen US Army personnel recover an alien spacecraft from the desert near Roswell.
The 'Roswell Incident' The United States military denied any such incident occurred, and continues to do so today. The explanation offered by the authorities is that the army was engaged on a secret mission to recover a surveillance device.
The case of Kenneth Arnold, Washington In 1947, an American businessman named Kenneth Arnold claimed to have seen several disc-shaped objects flying over Mount Rainier, in Washington state.
The case of Kenneth Arnold, Washington The objects reported by Arnold were renamed 'flying saucers,' a description he subsequently popularized when recalling the incident.
The lights of Rendlesham Forest, England The Rendlesham Forest incident is the name given to a series of sightings that occurred in 1980 after a supposed landing of an unidentified flying object in Rendlesham Forest.
The lights of Rendlesham Forest, England The UK Ministry of Defense never considered the event a threat to national security. As such, the incident was never officially investigated.
The Levelland case, Texas In Levelland in 1967, the engines of several vehicles stopped working after drivers encountered a bright, egg-shaped object in the sky. The cars restarted after the mystery object disappeared.
The Levelland case, Texas A subsequent police investigation concluded that the engines were disabled as a result of an electrical storm. However, this explanation continues to be refuted by those who believe in UFOs and alien life-forms.
Throughout human history, some people possessed an immense amount of knowledge in various fields. A Russian man named Genrikh Mavrikiyevich Ludvig had a vast knowledge of ancient culture. He was an outstanding architect, engineer, and researcher in ancient languages. Ludvig was even compared to Leonardo da Vinci. He is apparently known for getting access to secret Vatican archivesand purportedly found information on ancient aliens.
Professor Ludvig’s story was first revealed by a very popular Russian newspaper “Sovershenno Sekretno” in 2011 in an article titled “Worlds of Professor Ludvig [English translation]” by Vladimir Kucharyants. The author described Ludvig as overweight, bald with a huge forehead and a Scandinavian beard. His blue bulging eyes looked very intent under thick gray eyebrows. He used to get in trouble with the Stalin regime many times, and the Soviet federal agency (NKVD) declared him as an agent of the VaticanVatican counterintelligence, sending him to concentration camps in 1938.
Professor Ludwig
Kucharyants recalled Professor Ludvig’s first lecture in the 1960s that sounded interesting at first and then confusing for everyone by mixing linguistics, ancient and medieval history and architecture, plant symbolism, types of labyrinths, phenomena from the history of science. Though the author was Ludvig’s student and researched a lot about him, he is still unaware who Genrikh Ludvig really was: a phenomenal encyclopedist or a mystic. He wrote that after meeting with the professor his life changed, which allowed him to see the world from a different perspective.
Ludvig’s bizarre claims came from reading Vatican secret archives (now known as Vatican Apostolic Archive). It is fifty-three miles of shelving that holds 35,000 volumes of catalog and 12 centuries’ documents. The Archives are the stuff of historical legend. Documents at the repository are only released once they are at least 75 years old.
During the 1920s, Professor Ludvig somehow granted access to the VaticanVatican library where he was able to read some bizarre ancient manuscripts that probably could change the course of humanity. He claimed to have come across numerous texts on ancient codes, alchemy, and strange things about UFOs and extraterrestrials who visited Earth in the ancient past.
According to him, he read texts which discussed the influence of aliens on the various ancient civilizations such as the Egyptians, the Mayans, and the Mesopotamians. Subsequently, he began his research on the Maya civilization. Ludvig translated their symbols that turned out to be spaceships and spacesuits. He also found historical records of the use of nuclear weapons in ancient times and showed his photographs of the fortress walls of Babylon, melted by a monstrous temperature up to a height of one and a half meters.
Professor Ludvig was very interested in the Sumerian civilization and had great knowledge about it. It is not known from where Sumerians came to Mesopotamia but in the middle of the 4th millennium BC, a sudden and incredible transformation happened to them. They suddenly learned how to build cities and enclose them with strong walls, lay irrigation canals and create the world’s first complex irrigation systems. They invented the wheel and the writing system. At first, Sumerian writing was pictographic, that is, individual objects were depicted in the form of drawings. The oldest texts inscribed with such a letter date back to about 3200 BC.
He also discussed the esoteric meaning of pyramids in Egypt that, under certain ritual manipulations, generate an energy-informational exchange with the cosmic mind. He studied the Etruscan civilization and in particular, believed that images of angels in Christianity come from Etruscan culture.
The Sistine Hall of the Vatican Library.
(Credit: Maus-Trauden/Wikimedia Commons)
Professor Ludvig was no ordinary man. During World War II, he worked as an architect, design engineer, and inventor while being an inmate of the GULAG. From 1941 to 1943, he had 17 military inventions on his name. He is very well known among UFO researchers and ancient alien theorists. In 2016, Wikileaks revealed thousands of emails that were allegedly linked to Hillary Clinton’s campaign chairman John Podesta. The emails unfolded secret information shared with Podesta about UFOs and ETs. In 2015, Podesta received emails from Astronaut Edgar Mitchell that expressed his concern about the weaponization of space and its impact on the ETI (extraterrestrial intelligence). According to this set of leaks, the VaticanVatican, one of the highest religious authorities in the world, knows about aliens.
Mitchell wrote: “My Catholic colleague Terri Mansfield will be there too, to bring us up to date on the VaticanVatican’s awareness of ETI. Another colleague is working on a new Space Treaty, citing involvement with Russia and China. However, with Russia’s extreme interference in Ukraine, I believe we must pursue another route for peace in space and ZPE on Earth.”
Still, due to less corroborating information available about Professor Ludvig, there has been some skepticism of his claims. Did he really gain access to the secret Vatican archives and find all this amazing information?
Off the Central California coast near Big Sur, a massive field of seafloor holes spans an area roughly the size of Los Angeles, the origins of which have long perplexed researchers.
The unusual formations, known as pockmarks, date to prehistoric times and were long theorized to represent areas where methane gas eruptions have occurred over time, helping the depressions maintain their characteristic shape and appearance.
Now, research completed by the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI), the U.S. Geological Survey, and Stanford University has upended the previously held notion that these unusual depressions are maintained by methane activity and instead are preserved by sediment flows.
The new findings provide significant new data that could assist with seafloor management, particularly in areas that could become the future home of offshore wind farms.
A new study detailing the research team’s work, which appeared in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, details their analysis of the Sur Pockmark Field on the lower continental slope off the coast of Big Sur, where close to 5,200 circular depressions exist.
Initially discovered during EM-300 multi-beam bathymetric surveys, the pockmarks, each close to 200 meters wide and five meters deep, were once believed to have been formed by pockets of methane gas emitted from the ocean floor, resulting in the large crater-like formations.
If methane were indeed capable of disturbing the seafloor in this way, it could potentially represent problems for utilizing areas off the Central California coast for offshore wind farms since seafloor stability would naturally come into question. However, past studies have already shown that there was no present-day indication of fluid or gas venting that occurred within these depressions, although their sedimentology indicated that they were likely to have formed more than 45,000 years ago.
With the help of underwater robots provided by MBARI, the researchers produced detailed new maps of the Sur Pockmark Field. Deploying autonomous underwater vehicles, or AUVs, capable of obtaining high-resolution terrain visualizations and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) to collect sediment samples, the researchers were able to peer back in time at the history of the formation of the pockmarks, which revealed a few surprises.
The pockmark field near Big Sur, California, was first discovered in the 1990s
(Credit: 2019 MBARI).
Of key significance, the data the research team collected revealed no evidence of methane in the area, instead pointing to the sedimentary processes occurring in the area as the driving force behind the pockmarks.
Sediment gravity flows, which the researchers liken to underwater avalanches, instead appear to be the culprits behind these unusual seafloor holes, which have shaped them over hundreds of thousands of years.
“While some pockmarks occur in chains, most are not clustered or randomly spaced but are regularly dispersed within the pockmark field,” the researchers write in their new study.
“We hypothesize that intermittent, unconfined sediment gravity flows occurring over at least the last 280,000 years are the source of the regionally continuous turbidite deposits and the mechanism that maintained the regularly dispersed pockmarks,” the researchers conclude.
The new findings provide a more complete understanding of the sedimentary processes off the California coast and how the stability of infrastructure like turbine anchors can be maintained in the future as the critical need for new green energy sources continues to rise amid increased occurrences of severe weather events.
Additionally, the research will aid in the future management of offshore developments, in addition to contributing to better seafloor management through an increased understanding of the implications of such operations on the environment.
MBARI Senior Research Technician Eve Lundsten, who led the research, said there is still much work to be done and that many unresolved questions remain about the processes occurring on the seafloor.
“We were unable to determine exactly how these pockmarks were initially formed, but with MBARI’s advanced underwater technology, we’ve gained new insight into how and why these features have persisted on the seafloor for hundreds of thousands of years,” Lundsten said in a statement.
“This research provides important data about the seafloor for resource managers and others considering potential offshore sites for underwater infrastructure to guide their decision-making,” Lundsten said.
Lundsten and her colleagues’ findings not only shift the narrative on how these underwater features are maintained but also significantly reinforce the need for continued marine research to guide future offshore development and environmental stewardship.
Much is being written today about the disruptive impact of drones in modern warfare. Rightly so, because these small, inexpensive, and highly capable devices are transforming military operations. They are accurate and effective; hard to identify or intercept; and can be operated with minimal infrastructure or training. A single soldier today can operate an eye in the sky or conduct his own bombing mission. As we are seeing in Russia and Ukraine, new drone uses, applications, and capabilities are rapidly advancing while the defense struggles to catch up.
It is therefore not surprising to see footage of fallen soldiers and destroyed armored vehicles that succumbed to drone attacks. Even the mighty Russian Black Sea Fleet, a massive investment of resources and manpower, has suffered humiliating defeats and been neutralized by a relatively tiny investment in guided missiles and small drone watercraft packed with explosives.
Although the effects on the battlefield are profound, they are also being felt far from the front lines. St. Petersburg and Moscow, hundreds of miles from the Ukrainian border, have both suffered drone attacks. Iranian drones are also helping to throttle shipping through the Red Sea and were responsible for the recent deaths of 3 U.S. soldiers in Jordan. They are even being used as tools of assassination by drug cartels in Latin America.
Meanwhile, manufacturers and nation states are working feverishly under wartime pressure to increase the range, lethality, and defensive capabilities of these small, unmanned vehicles. Advances in artificial intelligence will soon enable swarms of drones to operate in a highly sophisticated and completely autonomous manner. At some point they will become “fire and forget” systems, with no control signals to jam, making the threat more daunting than it already is. They’ll also be able to do things like land and hide until conditions change before resuming their mission or spread out and attack a target from multiple directions simultaneously, making them even more difficult to defend against. For all these reasons, there is an urgent need to develop and deploy effective drone countermeasures.
What Americans do not yet realize is the shocking extent to which unmanned aircraft of unknown origin are already penetrating restricted airspace and disrupting military operations here in the United States. The situation is so bad that fighter aircraft from Langley Air Force Base were relocated last December due to the collision hazards presented by recurring drone incursions that the Air Force proved unable to stop. This is only the latest instance of Air Force or Navy training activities being disrupted by the presence of unidentified aircraft. The continuing inability of our military to control or defend its own airspace should shock and concern policymakers and the public. After all, if the Air Force and Navy can’t defend the airspace around their own bases, how can they defend the rest of the country?
The cases discussed below involve persistent and sophisticated incursions into government airspace by drones, or what the military calls Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS)1, operating in a coordinated manner. This includes drones able to follow warships at sea for hours in foggy weather, a performance that far exceeds the range and duration of civilian drones. Other unmanned aerial systems have been observed by U.S. fighter aircraft operating in military airspace as high as 35,000 feet, although the legal limit for civilian drones is only 400 ft. In some cases, these small craft are using spotlights to illuminate and probably photograph sensitive military systems. To date, they have proven impervious to U.S. anti-drone technologies. Our government has had no success in determining where they are coming from or who is operating them. It is also surprising that not a single one has malfunctioned and been recovered despite extensive operations by large numbers of them over extended periods of time. Although the well-documented cases below are adequate to illustrate the problem, they are only a small fraction of the total number of reports of unmanned aircraft violating restricted U.S. military airspace.
The worrisome pattern discussed below was first identified by two extraordinary investigative journalists, Tyler Rogoway and Joseph Trevithnick, writing for The War Zone. Both have been doing their best for years to draw attention to the growing mismatch between U.S. air defense capabilities and the threat posed by UAS. Their work in turn has heavily benefited from the results of Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests submitted by UAP researcher Douglas Johnson. Most of the information below is derived from the work of these three individuals. My hope is that aggregating the data will help readers better appreciate the urgency and extent of the problem. In each case below, other than the Customs and Border Patrol Videos, an associated War Zone article is accessible through an embedded link in the underscored sub-heading title (e.g. “Guam 2019).” Even if you are only skimming, I urge you to briefly click on these links to get a better sense of how serious and well-documented these incidents are.
Those interested in doing some research on their own may want to peruse FAA data or the data made available by the Office of the All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO), although AARO’s data is not clearly presented or easily parsed.
From late February to early March of 2019, unidentified UAS with bright spotlights made recurring incursions over Andersen Air Force Base, one of America’s most important military facilities in the Indo-Pacific. The aircraft seemed especially interested in the newly installed THAAD anti-ballistic missile system. They were observed hovering above it and shining bright lights down on it, perhaps to facilitate video imagery of the system. The THAAD system is obviously of keen interest to the People’s Republic of China. In fact, the introduction of a THAAD anti-missile system into South Korea in 2016 led to Chinese diplomatic protests and restrictions on South Korean trade and cultural imports. If China was operating these drones (as seems likely) this is far more concerning than a balloon drifting at 60,000 feet because in the event of conflict they could neutralize Guam’s primary defense against incoming Chinese ballistic missiles. North Korea, which also has ballistic missiles thought to be capable of reaching Guam, is another potential source of these intrusions.
Also in 2019, U.S. Navy ships off the coast of California began reporting incidents of surveillance by mysterious, small, brightly lit UAS, presumably some kind of advanced drones. They were able to operate in adverse conditions with low visibility, following U.S. warships for hours. The article at the link above describes some of the initial incidents. There have been other similar incidents since that time involving many other U.S. Navy warships. These reportedly include the USS Kearsarge, USS Russell, and USS Omaha. Here is an excerpt from one of 35 reports obtained by The War Zone involving these incidents:
“PHM [USS Paul Hamilton] observed four UAS with a CPA [closest point of approach] approximately 200 yds off the bow, port and starboard beams. The UASs had an on station time of approximately 2 hours and 20 minutes. The first UAS was spotted by lookouts at 0240L. observed with a single, solid white light off the port bow. At 0326L as PHM turned to course 180T, a second UAS was observed flashing the bow and bridge of PHM with what appeared to be a searchlight or photographic device. UAS closed to within 500 yds of PHM, repeatedly maneuvering aft to fwd. At 0330L, a UAS with four white lights and a flashing red light hovered approximately 200 yds above PHM and maneuvered from aft to forward. At 0332L, another UAS hovered with no lights approximately 300-500 yds off the bow of PHM and once again shined the bow and bridge with what appeared to be a searchlight or photographic device. PHM proceeded east after which the UAS maneuvered to match PHM course and speed, before departing the area to PHM's port side. UASs sighted in immediate vicinity of PHM from 0240L until 0530L. Point of origin of all UASs is unknown. UASs were observed visually, with optical sighting system, and night vision goggles. Three UASs were identified visually as quadcopters.”
After analysis of similar events off both the East and West coasts of the U.S., the Defense Department expressed reasonable confidence that in both cases the small airborne objects were drones. As usual, DoD and the IC still do not seem to know where they originated, who is operating them, or for what purpose.
September of 2019 was also a busy time for UAS reportedly swarming around the Palo Verde Nuclear Power Plant. Notably, in this case as in many others cited here, the drones had flashing red and white lights. Again, these drones flew without hindrance or restriction and no identification was made.
This is an exceptionally strange case because the UAS activity continued not for days or weeks, but months, in a remote rural region near U.S. nuclear missile weapons silos (the Air Force maintains these ICBM bases were not intruded upon). The occurrences were so frequent that local farmers and ranchers became very vocal in demanding answers. They were also notable because of the number of drones (sometimes 40 in a single group). This led to the formation of a task force involving the military, FBI, DHS, and local law enforcement. The State of Colorado even dispatched a reconnaissance aircraft fitted with infrared sensors to assist the search, all to no avail. Yet, despite these efforts and the small population of this remote rural region where strangers easily stand out, once again no UAS operators were identified, and no drones were recovered.
During the course of these events, I made contact with a Sheriff’s Deputy in rural western Nebraska who recounted a curious incident. While responding to a call from a farmer reporting drones over his land, the Deputy stopped and pulled his truck to the side of the road for a better view. He and the Sheriff (at a different location) saw the swarm of drone lights. Then, a larger brightly lit object came into view. The smaller UAS soon disappeared inside it, after which the “mother ship” took off at an astonishing speed, passing almost directly over his truck. He said he’s never seen anything move that fast. I asked if law enforcement had made any effort to identify the UAS operators. He told me the Sheriff’s Department had stopped and searched vans and trucks but found no evidence of anyone operating these enigmatic drones. The Deputy was not alone as official documentation reveals several other officials also reporting what they described as “mother ships.”
Once again, by reviewing FAA records and using the FOIA process to obtain Air Force safety reports, War Zone reporters identified a cluster of significant intrusions of restricted military airspace in Arizona. FAA records show a wide range of reports of unmanned vehicles from both military and civilian pilots, some operating in groups and some at altitudes over 30,000 ft., vastly higher than the maximum altitude of recreational drones. The military likely has other reports that went to AARO and are not part of the FAA’s unclassified reporting system.
Last December, mysterious, brightly lit drones began appearing over Langley Air Force Base in Hampton, Virginia. As the intrusions continued, security was enhanced, and fighter aircraft patrols were launched. When these efforts failed to identify or deter the drones, an aircraft with special sensors was borrowed from NASA– All to no avail as flagrant intrusions by the brightly lit craft continued for weeks. These intrusions were so extensive and persistent that fighter aircraft were relocated from Langley to other air bases. To date, the Air Force still does not know who was operating these drones, where they originated, or why they were flying over the Air Combat Command at Langley Air Force Base for several weeks in December.
Ironically, one of Langley’s missions is to help secure the airspace over the National Capital Region. If Langley AFB cannot protect its own airspace, how can it protect the nation’s capital?
If the recent incidents at Langley AFB were a singular event, it would be easier to understand the lack of discussion by the press, Congress, or the Department of Defense. After all, it takes time to process new information and time for the enormous wheels of government to turn. Unfortunately, as demonstrated above, the events at Langley are merely the latest in a string of incidents in recent years involving small UAS operating with impunity in U.S. military airspace.
To its credit, Customs and Border Patrol posted a number of UAS videos they acquired while conducting border surveillance and running counter-narcotics operations. These official videos provide yet more evidence of strange unidentified UAS operating in U.S. airspace. In one of these incidents, a strange UAS flying was filmed following an Air Force A-10 Warthog. In other cases, police jet ranger helicopters were outmaneuvered and outrun by sophisticated, unidentified drones.
Frame from CBP video of a UAS trailing a USAF A-10 Warthog,
courtesy of The Black Vault
Conclusions, Unanswered Questions, and a Solution
Our lack of preparedness to defend against this rapidly evolving threat is disturbing but not altogether surprising. After all, just last year NORAD and the Air Force were completely blindsided by China’s use of high-altitude balloons for strategic surveillance. Similarly, the tragic events of September 11th, 2001, revealed the Air Force had no plans to deal with the hijacked civilian airliners. That scenario was not something our enormous bureaucracy had considered or prepared for. However, as bad as it was, hijacked civilian jetliners were never going to sink the fleet or change the global balance of power. By contrast, if a potential adversary has developed the ability to fly through U.S. air defenses with impunity, we’ll soon find ourselves at a grave military disadvantage.
To date, the most unusual and concerning feature of these UAS is not their aeronautical capabilities but their seeming total immunity to U.S. counter-UAS technologies. In fact, rather than acting like furtive spy craft, these drones are flying brightly lit after dark, seemingly without concern for detection or U.S. countermeasures. Some are even brazenly using spotlights to illuminate and perhaps film U.S. military systems. This has happened not only on Guam but to Navy ships far out to sea and at least one nuclear power plant. Sometimes these UAS are shining spotlights right into the bridge of Navy warships, as though deliberately seeking to provoke a response. This behavior suggests that they are either trying to get our attention, trying to send a message, or they are utterly unconcerned by U.S. military countermeasures. Such lack of concern may be reasonable as nothing we have done to date has been effective. That’s right– we’ve not managed to capture, disable, track to its point of origin or identify any of these UAS. Nor do any seem to have malfunctioned, which is also extraordinary given the number of drones in these swarms (sometimes swarms of 40) and the number of incidents and their duration (hours at a time).
Although there are numerous cases where military operations have been disrupted, it seems doubtful the government itself knows the total number of such incidents in recent years. It also seems doubtful there is any single location in the government where all this information comes together. Perhaps AARO should become a fusion center for all unidentified vehicles, not just those demonstrating anomalous performance characteristics.
These incidents are certainly more troubling than a lumbering Chinese balloon that can be easily spotted and if necessary destroyed thousands of miles from our borders. Rather than floating uncontrolled at 60,000 feet, these mysterious UAS seem able to monitor military bases and training areas indefinitely at close range where they can collect granular intelligence. During wartime they might be able to inflict crippling damage to critical military systems and facilities or civilian targets. Anyone watching news coverage of the war in Ukraine realizes how grave a threat UAS are today. If these UAS prove to be Chinese or Russian, that would be alarming, but we’ll never know (until perhaps it is too late) if we don’t get serious about identifying the source of these intrusions and deploying effective countermeasures. In that regard, I was thrilled to see an op-ed in the Washington Post last week by the Chairman and Ranking members of the Senate Armed Services Committee discussing this issue, even if their article did not reflect an awareness of the full extent of the problem or suggest a solution.
This has been going on for far too long. I believe we should set about downing and recovering some of these drones ASAP to get the answers we need. We shot down a Chinese balloon operating at high altitude in civilian airspace last year and confirmed it was a Chinese spy platform engaged in intelligence collection. Isn’t it past time to get serious about recovering some of these drones as well?
Title 18 of the U.S. Code authorizes the use of deadly force to protect national security information. If we can shoot down a high-altitude balloon in civilian airspace, why can't we take down a drone shining lights directly down upon something as important and sensitive as the THAAD missile battery on a U.S. Air Force Base in Guam? This can surely be done without putting civilians or base personnel at risk. It might require nets or lasers or electronic warfare or missiles or a 12 gauge shotgun, but certainly we can find some effective means to protect our facilities, identify the perpetrators, and hold them accountable.
In conclusion, I am not suggesting America is under imminent threat of drone attacks. What I am saying is that we are clearly vulnerable, and like the unlocked cockpit doors on commercial aircraft prior to September 11th, 2001, that vulnerability will someday be tragically exploited if we fail to take corrective action. Now that we are aware of the problem, there is no excuse for inaction.
Although mysterious and unidentified, I will not be referring to these craft as Unidentified Anomalous Phenomenon (UAP) for several reasons. First, in most cases the objects are not demonstrating the radical capabilities that characterize UAP. Aside from a report related to me by a Deputy Sheriff in Nebraska, few of these cases allege instantaneous acceleration, hypersonic speeds without heat or noise signatures, low-observability, or trans-medium travel. Second, in some cases the observers explicitly describe these objects as “quadcopters” or “quadcopter-like.” I see no reason to doubt the witnesses. Finally, I want to avert the distracting and unproductive debates concerning jargon and definitions. It is crucial to bear in mind that as alarming as these reports are they are only a subset of a much larger pattern of mysterious and anomalous aircraft being reported by military personnel. The UAP challenge is critical as well and I’ve written much about it, but it is important for policymakers and the public to understand that in addition to hundreds of annual reports of UAP there is an alarming pattern of activity by what appear to be more conventional unmanned aircraft violating sensitive U.S. airspace.Recognizing this problem is crucial, but it is also critical to bear in mind that it is only one part of the much larger challenge of trying to effectively monitor and control U.S. airspace.
Majority of Egyptian Pyramids Was Built along Long-Lost Branch of Nile, Archaeologists Say
Majority of Egyptian Pyramids Was Built along Long-Lost Branch of Nile, Archaeologists Say
Archaeologists in Egypt have identified segments of a 64-km-long extinct branch of the river Nile, which they name the Ahramat Branch, running at the foothills of the Western Desert Plateau, where the majority of the ancient Egyptian pyramids lie. Many of the pyramids, dating to the Old and Middle Kingdoms, have causeways that lead to the branch and terminate with Valley Temples which may have acted as river harbors along it in the past. The researchers suggest that the Ahramat Branch played a role in the monuments’ construction and that it was simultaneously active and used as a transportation waterway for workmen and building materials to the pyramids’ sites.
The water course of the ancient Ahramat Branch of the Nile.
Image credit: Ghoneim et al., doi: 10.1038/s43247-024-01379-7.
The Egyptian pyramid fields between Giza and Lisht, built over a nearly 1,000-year period starting approximately 4,700 years ago, now sit on the edge of the inhospitable Western Desert, part of the Sahara.
Sedimentary evidence suggests that the Nile used to have a much higher discharge, with the river splitting into several branches in places.
Archaeologists have previously speculated that one of these branches may have flown by the pyramid fields, but this has not been confirmed.
Dr. Eman Ghoneim from the University of North Carolina Wilmington and colleagues studied satellite imagery to find the possible location of a former river branch running along the foothills of the Western Desert Plateau, very near to the pyramid fields.
The researchers then used geophysical surveys and sediment cores to confirm the presence of river sediments and former channels beneath the modern land surface, indicating the presence of a former branch, which they propose naming Ahramat (meaning ‘pyramids’ in Arabic).
They suggest that an increased build-up of windblown sand, linked to a major drought which began approximately 4,200 years ago, could be one of the reasons for the branch’s migration east and eventual silting up.
The discovery may explain why these pyramid fields were concentrated along this particular strip of desert near the ancient Egyptian capital of Memphis, as they would have been easily accessible via the river branch at the time they were built.
Additionally, the authors found that many of the pyramids had causeways which ended at the proposed riverbanks of the Ahramat Branch, which they suggest is evidence the river was used for transporting construction materials.
The findings reiterate the importance of the Nile as a highway and cultural artery for ancient Egyptians, and also highlight how human society has historically been affected by environmental change, according to the authors.
Future research to find more extinct Nile branches could help prioritize archaeological excavations along their banks and protect Egyptian cultural heritage.
“Revealing this extinct Nile branch can provide a more refined idea of where ancient settlements were possibly located in relation to it and prevent them from being lost to rapid urbanization,” the scientists said.
“This could improve the protection measures of Egyptian cultural heritage.”
“It is the hope that our findings can improve conservation measures and raise awareness of these sites for modern development planning.”
“By understanding the landscape of the Nile floodplain and its environmental history, archeologists will be better equipped to prioritize locations for fieldwork investigation and, consequently, raise awareness of these sites for conservation purposes and modern development planning.”
“Our finding has filled a much-needed knowledge gap related to the dominant waterscape in ancient Egypt, which could help inform and educate a wide array of global audiences about how earlier inhabitants were living and in what ways shifts in their landscape drove human activity in such an iconic region.”
The team’s paper was published in the journal Communications Earth & Environment.
E. Ghoneim et al. 2024. The Egyptian pyramid chain was built along the now abandoned Ahramat Nile Branch. Commun Earth Environ 5, 233; doi: 10.1038/s43247-024-01379-7
Jeff Bezos spent $42 million to build a massive clock inside a mountain that ticks just once a year for the next 10,000 years. The “Clock of the Long NowLong Now“, also called the “10,000-year clock” is supposed to outlast humanity. The world’s richest man was fascinated by the idea proposed by the computer scientist and inventor Danny Hillis back in 1995.
Danny thought of building a clock that ticks only once a year. It would have a special hand that moves just once every 100 years and a bell that rings to mark every 1,000 years. Danny’s dream was, and still is, to create a clock that will keep working and keep time for the next 10,000 years. After many years of planning and designing, the final design of the clock is now ready, and they have started making the parts for it.
The clock is being built in the Sierra Diablo mountains in West Texas owned by Jeff Bezos. This clock is designed to last for thousands of years and will run using the Earth’s natural temperature changes. There will be five large rooms inside the clock, each celebrating a significant anniversary: the first year, the 10th year, the 100th year, the 1,000th year, and the 10,000th year. There is no information about when the construction of the clock will be finished. It is in a very remote area, and one has to take a long hike to get there. This journey is meant to make you think deeply and reflect.
The first prototype, on display at the Science Museum in London, 2005. Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons
In 1995, Danny explained: “I cannot imagine the future, but I care about it. I know I am a part of a story that starts long before I can remember and continues long beyond when anyone will remember me. I sense that I am alive at a time of important change, and I feel a responsibility to make sure that the change comes out well. I plant my acorns knowing that I will never live to harvest the oaks. I have hope for the future.” (Source)
When it’s finished, the mechanical clock tower will stand 500 feet tall. The clock is built to show time using displays that follow the movements of the stars and the calendar. It will also have a chime that can play more than 3.5 million different bell sounds. This clock is meant to be a symbol for our modern times, encouraging us to think about the long-term future. It is designed to get future generations involved in its upkeep and use.
The first chamber shows a model of the solar system that is smaller than the real one. The other rooms are meant for people in the future to add their contributions. Jeff Bezos is motivated by a desire to encourage long-term thinking and responsibility, which is similar to the ideas of Danny Hillis.
In 1986, Hillis expressed alarm that society had what he called a “mental barrier” of looking at the year 2000 as the limit of the future. He proposed a project to build a mechanical clock that would last 10,000 years. Image via YouTube
In the words of Stewart Brand, a founding board member of the foundation, “Such a clock, if sufficiently impressive and well-engineered, would embody deep time for people. It should be charismatic to visit, interesting to think about, and famous enough to become iconic in the public discourse. Ideally, it would do for thinking about time what the photographs of Earth from space have done for thinking about the environment. Such icons reframe the way people think.”
The clock is built to keep track of a future for civilization that is as long as the time that has already passed. This means the people who made the clock believe we are halfway through humanity’s existence. They see this as a positive and hopeful view of our future.
The basic design principles and requirements for the clock are:
Longevity: The clock should be accurate even after 10,000 years, and must not contain valuable parts (such as jewels, expensive metals, or special alloys) that might be looted;
Maintainability: Future generations should be able to keep the clock working, if necessary, with nothing more advanced than Bronze Age tools and materials;
Transparency: The clock should be understandable without stopping or disassembling it; no functionality should be opaque;
Evolvability: It should be possible to improve the clock over time;
Scalability: To ensure that the final large clock will work properly, smaller prototypes must be built and tested.
In 2011 Hillis was asked why he worked on the clock instead of his biotech startup for cancer research. He said: “I think this is the most important thing I can work on. More than cancer. Over the long run, I think this will make more difference to more people.”
Image Credit: Jeff Bezos/Twitter
Right now, there are three prototypes. The first one is in the Science Museum in London. The other two are at The Long NowLong Now Museum and Store in San Francisco. But there’s also another model on Jeff Bezos’ Texas ranch. People sometimes think that one is the original Long Now, but it’s not. Construction on that one has just started.
This mechanical clock needs people to wind it up using a falling weight, and it has a solar synchronizer to keep it accurate. Even if someone forgets to wind it, it will still work, just will not show the time. Instead of regular gears, it has special digital parts that help it keep track of time like a stopwatch does.
The Clock of the Long NowClock of the Long NowLong Now will be located on Foundation land in Nevada. Bezos’ is at his ranch in Texas, which also holds the Blue Origin spaceport and is now heavily under construction. The completion of this project will inform the final design of the Long Now, so we’re technically looking at two different projects rather than a single one and its prototype.
To build a clock, the engineers will use strong materials like titanium, ceramics, quartz, sapphire, and stainless steel. They will bury the most important part of the clock deep underground, 500 feet into a mountain, and seal it off with metal doors. The clock will be safe from damage because it is situated in a dry and remote place, away from civilization that will protect it from corrosion, vandalism, and development.
Danny chose this area of Nevada in part because it is home to a number of dwarf bristlecone pines, which the Foundation notes are nearly 5,000 years old. The clock will be almost entirely underground, and only accessed by foot traffic from the east once complete.
Building a clock that will last for 10,000 years is very challenging. It needs to be made with great accuracy, be strong enough to survive for a long time, and be able to cope with changes in the environment. However, there are worries about how the construction might affect the natural surroundings in that area.
De interesse in de maan, nu meer dan ooit een nieuwe grens voor menselijke ruimteverkenning, is onlangs weer aangewakkerd door ruimtevaartorganisaties. Sommige denken al na over een maanstation, andere willen de verborgen kant van onze satelliet verkennen en weer andere ontwikkelen innovatieve transportmiddelen. Tot deze laatste behoort NASA, die het eerste maanspoorwegsysteem wil bouwen met behulp van robottreinen met magnetische levitatie. Laten we eens kijken wat het is, of, met andere woorden, hoe dichtbij de nabije toekomst is.
Hoe een nieuw huis op de maan te bouwen: de plannen van NASA
NASA/SAIC/Pat Rawlings
Meer dan een halve eeuw na de laatste missie van mensen naar de maan beginnen ruimtevaartorganisaties weer te praten over verkenning door astronauten. En waarom niet, ook stations die zijn gemodelleerd naar het ISS, maar dan op het oppervlak van onze satelliet. Zoals je je kunt voorstellen, is dit een enorme stap op weg naar een toekomst die we ons alleen maar kunnen voorstellen. Of weinig meer.
NASA heeft zelf al enkele hypotheses voorbereid over de kolonisatie van de maan. Het plan van de Amerikaanse ruimtevaartorganisatie omvat het gebruik van maanregoliet om beton en dus huizen rechtstreeks op de satelliet te creëren. Als het verklaarde doel is om een veilige omgeving te bieden aan burgers die op de maan zullen aankomen, is het meer algemene doel duidelijk: de nieuwe ruimtewedloop winnen en tegen 2040 de eerste kolonie hebben.
Het eerste maanspoorwegsysteem, volgens NASA
NASA
Naast de bouw van een maancamper zal een integraal onderdeel van de kolonie, of kolonies, het eerste spoorwegsysteem op de maan zijn. Dit is een essentieel aspect voor het autonoom en duurzaam transport van goederen en mensen op onze satelliet. NASA heeft zojuist een systeem voorgesteld met de naam FLOAT, dat magnetische robottreinen kan gebruiken die zweven op een flexibel spoor met drie lagen. Het is een energiezuinig systeem waarmee robots passief kunnen zweven met behulp van diamagnetische levitatie, en waarin een laag flexibele circuits elektromagnetische stuwkracht genereert voor gecontroleerde bewegingen.
Ook in dit geval is het plan ongetwijfeld ambitieus, maar het maakt deel uit van de bredere economie van een maankolonie. Het FLOAT-systeem zal in feite met een minimaal energieverbruik kunnen werken, maar ook energie kunnen opwekken tijdens het transport. Bovendien zullen de sporen van het door NASA voorgestelde systeem direct op het oppervlak van de maan worden geplaatst en vermijden zo complexe constructies.
Risico's onder ogen zien, kansen grijpen
Ethan Schaler/NASA
Tot nu toe hebben we gesproken over plannen, programma's, voornemens: op dit moment is er nog weinig concreet. Het operationeel maken van het FLOAT-project betekent ook dat er rekening wordt gehouden met de risico's verbonden aan de productie, implementatie en controle van zowel de magnetische robots als de sporen. Om nog maar te zwijgen over de werking en het onderhoud ervan, die, hoe minimaal ook, nog steeds nodig zullen zijn.
Een essentieel hulpmiddel voor het eerste maanspoorwegsysteem zijn, vanuit dit oogpunt, computersimulaties. Vroeg of laat zal het echter nodig zijn om te beginnen met de concrete ontwikkeling van zowel de kolonie als de magnetische levitatie robottreinen. De toekomst van de maan lijkt werkelijk vol mogelijkheden, althans volgens de plannen van NASA en andere ruimtevaartorganisaties. In de hoop dat deze programma’s niet gevolgd zullen worden door nog eens vijftig jaar stilte: zoals we weten is er in de ruimte alleen dit.
It has been ten years since a Malaysian Airlines flight vanished over the South China Sea. On March 8, 2014, flight MH370 disappeared from radar screens 38 minutes after takeoff while traveling from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing.
Several nations have conducted massive search operations in the years since, and several researchers have long tried to find the wreckage of missing aircraft.
A new study by Cardiff University researchers suggests that signals picked up by underwater microphones may be crucial for locating aircraft like MH370 when they crash into the ocean.
The findings have prompted the team to suggest additional research into the aircraft’s last known location and lay the groundwork for handling such situations.
Many people have recently devised theories and strategies to locate the plane. In March, a Texas-based company claimed they possessed scientific evidence pinpointing the ultimate location of the missing flight MH370.
The details of the Cardiff team’s research were published in the journal Scientific Reports.
Hydroacoustic clues for MH370
Hydrophone technology records discrete acoustic fingerprints from multiple points on the seabed, which propagate across great distances through the water in the event of violent ocean events like airplane crashes.
Related video:
MH370: The Plane That Disappeared: 5 Things To Know Before You Watch The Netflix Docuseries (CinemaBlend)
The study was conducted based on more than 100 hours of data recorded by hydrophones following ten past airplane crashes. One submarine disappearance was also examined for the study.
“Our analysis shows clear pressure signals from previous aircraft crashes were detected on hydrophones, even at distances exceeding 3,000km,” said Dr Usama Kadri, a Reader at Cardiff University’s School of Mathematics, in a statement.
In the case of MH370, official investigations concluded that the aircraft likely crashed near the 7th arc, the location of the last communication between the plane and INMARSAT.
The primary search area along the 7th arc is less than 1,242 miles (2,000 kilometers) from the hydroacoustic station at Cape Leeuwin, Australia, and there are no obstacles to filtering out signals.
However, within the timeframe and location proposed by the official search, only one relatively weak signal was identified. Researchers highlight that other signals might be related, requiring reassessing the official search.
“Further analysis and future research are therefore necessary to fully comprehend the detected signals and their implications for MH370’s disappearance,” said Kadri.
Enhancing signal analysis
Researchers suggest that officials should monitor the signals obtained at nearby hydroacoustic stations while conducting field tests along the 7th arc, such as controlled explosions or airguns.
According to the study, trials of this type, with energy levels comparable to that of MH370, might shed light on the whereabouts of the missing aircraft.
The trials would also contribute to the advancement of hydroacoustic technology as a resource that law enforcement may utilize to identify probable aircraft crash sites in the future.
Similar exercises were conducted during the search and rescue mission for the ARA San Juan, a submarine that disappeared off the coast of Argentina in 2017.
Researchers claim that this demonstrates that such methods are relatively straightforward and feasible. Applying these techniques could help determine the signal’s relevance to MH370 before embarking on another extensive search.
“If found to be related, this would significantly narrow down, almost pinpoint, the aircraft’s location. On the other hand, if the signals are found to be unrelated, it would indicate a need for authorities to reassess the time frame or location established by their official search efforts to date,” said Kadri.
Regrettably, the team has not been able to identify a signal with the certainty required to initiate a new search for the missing aircraft. “However, if the recommendations are followed by the appropriate authorities, we can assess the relevance of the observed signals, potentially shedding light on the location of MH370,” said Kadri.
Abstract
Data analysis from the hydroacoustic stations of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization has unveiled distinctive pressure signals linked to aircraft crashes of varying sizes in the ocean. Notably, these signals were detected at distances ranging from two to five thousand kilometers, highlighting the efficacy of underwater acoustic technology in event identification and classification in marine environments.
In this study, we investigate the plausibility of an aircraft, such as Malaysian Airlines Flight 370 (MH370), crashing into the sea, leaving a discernible pressure signal at distant hydrophones.
Consequently, we focus on recordings obtained from the hydroacoustic monitoring stations located at Cape Leeuwin and Diego Garcia, within a few minutes of the last satellite ping on the 7th arc, associated with the assumed crash time and location.
Among the available data, only one relevant signal has emerged as a potential candidate, albeit recorded at a single station out of the two stations available.
To ensure a comprehensive analysis, we also examine the time frame and location of the airplane along its initial route. However, no corresponding signal was observed. Nevertheless, the findings in this study narrow down the range of possibilities and present a novel scientific approach to investigate such incidents.
These findings contribute to our understanding of acoustic signals associated with aircraft crashes at sea. They emphasize the potential for hydrophones to detect events even when the signal travels long distances through the land.
Ultimately, this research offers recommendations for conducting on-site experiments involving controlled explosions with energy levels similar to the impact of MH370 along the 7th arc. The aim is to encourage pertinent authorities to implement actions that could reveal insights into the destiny of MH370 specifically. Additionally, this initiative seeks to establish a comprehensive framework for addressing comparable incidents in the broader ocean context.
A spacecraft looking for life on Mars has beamed back jaw-dropping images of the Red Planet's terrain.
The ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter's (TGO) observations include an eight-kilometre-wide crater displaying evidence of water ice.
The European Space Agency (ESA) documented the crater that sits in Utopia Planitia, the largest known impact basin in the Solar System with a diameter of roughly 3300 km, or twice the size of Earth’s Sahara Desert from north to south.
The region is known to scientists for showing intriguing ice-related features on and below the surface, including frost on the surface during the Martian winter.
In the southern highlands of Mars, CaSSIS spotted ancient and eroded craters filled with sediment.
When ExoMars flew about 400 km above the crater it almost filled the full field of view of its most sophisticated color camera, CaSSIS (Colour and Stereo Surface Imaging System).
ESA says: "This remnant of an ancient impact is just one of the many scars asteroids have inflicted upon the Red Planet. Water, volcanoes and impacts from asteroids shaped the Martian surface in the ancient past. Mars is currently a cold, dry desert."
The view from CaSSIS showed the crater with material ejected in a way that scientists believe suggests the presence of water ice. When the asteroid hit this region of Mars, the water ice melted and a mix of liquid water and dust rock was propelled from the top layers.
The smooth look of the crater is consistent with other features in the region having evidence of a water-ice history. Zooming into the crater it is possible to see streaks on the walls of the crater, showing evidence of landslides, and ripples sculpted by the wind.
Along the equator of Mars, CaSSIS spotted a couple of interesting craters in Ganges Chasma, a mineralogically diverse canyon in the far-eastern portion of Valles Marineris.
Other observations by the TGO's Trace Gas Orbiter’s Color and Stereo Surface Imaging System (CaSSIS) included a couple of interesting craters in Ganges Chasma, a mineralogically diverse canyon in the far-eastern portion of Valles Marineris along the equator of Mars.
ESA says: "The shape and texture of the ejecta blanket show that the surface was not completely dry at the time of impact. Water ice in the subsurface mixed with fractured rock and dust formed a ‘fluidized’ mass of material that was ejected outwards from the center of the impact site. This indicates that there was water ice present in the surface at the time of impact."
Artist's impression of ESA's ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter above Mars. (ESA via SWNS)
Also observed by CaSSIS are spotted ancient and eroded craters filled with sediment in the southern highlands of Mars. The relatively old, 15 km diameter crater in Tyrrhena Terra, shows its age in its flattened rim – younger craters have sharper, more defined rims – and the degraded ejecta blanket.
Related video:
Solar Wind 'Stopped Blowing' On Mars For 2 Days (Dailymotion)
The ExoMars program comprises two missions: the first – the Trace Gas Orbiter – launched in 2016 while the second, carrying the Rosalind Franklin rover, is targeted to launch in 2028.
"Together they will address the question of whether life has ever existed on Mars," says ESA.
AMAZING! 3 UFOs around the plane! Unraveling the Mystery of MH370: The Satellite Video Evidence
AMAZING! 3 UFOs around the plane! Unraveling the Mystery of MH370: The Satellite Video Evidence
The disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 on March 8, 2014, remains one of aviation’s greatest mysteries. Recently, a satellite video has surfaced, showing the final moments of the flight, but with an extraordinary twist: the presence of three bright UFOs or orbs flying around the plane before it mysteriously disappears. This article delves into the details of this video, the corroborating evidence, and the potential theories behind this baffling event.
The Satellite Video
A satellite video purportedly showing the final moments of MH370 has been making rounds on the internet. The video, consistent with a remote terminal Citrix login to a U.S. spy satellite surveillance system, shows what appears to be the plane over the Nicobar Islands at around 18:40 UTC. This timing aligns with reports from Subang Air Traffic Control, which lost contact with the plane at this precise moment.
In the bottom left corner of the video, the designation “NROL-22” is visible. NROL-22 is part of the Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS) launched in 2006, designed for missile warning, missile defense, battlespace awareness, and technical intelligence. The coordinates next to the designation align with the known location of MH370 at the time contact was lost.
The video shows three bright UFOs or orbs flying around the plane before it disappears. This startling phenomenon adds a new layer of mystery to the already enigmatic disappearance of MH370.
Early Release and Corroboration
Interestingly, the satellite video was published online on May 19, 2014, a full eight days before the release of the Inmarsat telemetry data on May 27, 2014. The Inmarsat data led investigators to focus on the South Indian Ocean as the plane’s final location. Before this data was made public, there was widespread speculation that MH370 had flown over Indonesia into the South Indian Ocean, a theory now potentially challenged by the satellite video.
Eyewitness Accounts
Katherine Tee, a sailor, reported seeing a plane consistent with MH370 near the Nicobar Islands around the same time depicted in the satellite video. She described seeing the plane flying low, descending, with smoke trailing from its back. Her account adds a crucial eyewitness perspective that aligns with the video footage.
China Times Report
On the day MH370 disappeared, the China Times reported an intercepted communication indicating the plane was disintegrating and attempting an emergency landing at 2:43 AM local time (18:43 UTC). This timing matches the events shown in the satellite video, providing further corroboration from an independent source.
Technical Analysis
Experts have conducted a thorough technical analysis of the satellite video, confirming its consistency with the capabilities of a Boeing 777 and the resolution expected from satellite sensors, approximately 1 meter per pixel. The analysis also demonstrated that the clouds in the video evolve naturally, suggesting the footage is authentic.
The slight perspective movement observed in the video is consistent with satellite footage captured from around 1000 km away. This minor shift further supports the video’s authenticity and the plausibility of the events it depicts.
Synchronization with Drone Footage
The satellite video is synchronized with another video purportedly captured by a drone. Both videos show the same clouds, indicating they were recorded simultaneously from different perspectives. The ability to synchronize these videos so precisely suggests a high level of sophistication, making it highly unlikely that the footage was hoaxed.
Naval Ocean Surveillance
Analysis of satellite trajectories revealed that the Naval Ocean Surveillance Satellite USA-229, capable of signals intelligence (SIGINT), was in the Malacca Straits at 18:40 UTC. This satellite could have relayed the data seen in the MH370 satellite video, supporting the theory that a SIGINT-capable satellite captured the footage.
The UFO Phenomenon and Theories
The presence of three bright UFOs or orbs in the video raises several theories:
Alien Intervention:
One theory posits that extraterrestrial beings might have been involved in the disappearance of MH370. The orbs could be advanced alien technology, either observing or interacting with the aircraft.
Secret Government Technology:
Another theory suggests that the orbs could be secret government technology, possibly experimental aircraft or drones with capabilities beyond current publicly known technology. This could imply a covert operation that led to the plane’s disappearance.
Natural Phenomenon:
Some experts might argue that the orbs are a natural phenomenon, such as ball lightning or another atmospheric anomaly. However, this does not explain the subsequent disappearance of the plane.
Implications and Further Investigation
The alignment of satellite capabilities, eyewitness accounts, and corroborating reports presents a compelling case for re-examining the events surrounding MH370’s disappearance. The synchronization of satellite and drone footage, combined with the appearance of UFOs, points to a sophisticated and possibly covert operation capturing real-time events.
This new evidence underscores the need for further investigation into the sources of these videos and their implications. If verified, the satellite footage could provide crucial insights into the final moments of MH370, potentially reshaping our understanding of the incident and bringing us closer to uncovering the truth behind one of aviation’s most enduring mysteries.
Bob Lazar is the most important entity in exposing the alleged secret activities related to extraterrestrials and UFOs happening at Area-51. He is widely recognized as the Area-51 whistle-blower who revealed aliens and the government worked together on secret bases in 1989. Thirty years ago, he claimed to have worked as an engineer near Area 51 at a hangar called S-4. Lazar claimed in 1989 that Element 115 — a yet-to-be-discovered element on the periodic table — powered antimatter generators found on the craft.
Note: Bob Lazar’s Element 115 is not “Moscovium,” an element that was first synthesized in 2003 and added to the Periodic Table in 2015. In 2003, a team of Russian and American scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (located in Dubna, a town just north of Moscow) synthesized it for the first time. “115” is simply Moscovium’s atomic number, referring to the 115 protons in an atom’s nucleus. Moscovium, more generally, is a “superheavy” element due to its large atomic number. Hydrogen, with an atomic number of 1, is the most abundant and oldest element in the universe and also the lightest. In stark contrast, Moscovium (Element 115) is both dense and extremely uncommon. When stellar cores reach high enough temperatures and pressures, they can fuse heavier elements together.
The story of Element 115 gets weirder when Bob claimed that the FBI raided his business. His followers found this to be very suspicious, and have theorized that the FBI was attempting to recover samples of Element 115 that Lazar took from Area-51. According to Motherboard, the FBI did actually raid Bob’s United Nuclear Scientific Equipment and Supplies, which sells radioactive ore and isotopes, X-Ray components, electrical items, high-powered magnets, lab equipment, jet engines, and UFO T-shirts.
This claim was revealed in Jeremy Corbell’s documentary “Bob Lazar: Area 51 and Flying Saucers.” Lazar and the documentary frame the raid as an attempt by the U.S. government to seize alien fuel that Lazar allegedly stole from Area-51. But the documents obtained by Motherboard had nothing to do with Element 115. Corbell told Express.co.uk: “Lazar did have a stabilized version of Element 115 in his possession at one time. He did tests on it – and filmed the element bending light due to its unique gravitational characteristics. A handful of witnesses observed these tests – including investigative reporter, George Knapp. There is footage of one of these tests in my film. Lazar was able to acquire some of the element when it was being machined at Area 51.”
Someone can still question the credibility of Bob Lazar, but there are many authentic people to confirm his credibility. George Knapp stated that he had spoken with former employees who worked with Bob and verified that he was a physicist, however, these claims were made informally and off the record. Knapp said that those employees were friends of Lazar’s and only specifically named Joe Vaninetti as being one who confirmed it. Vaninetti had a significant interest in UFOs and was involved in UFO research with Bob, both before and after Bob claimed to have worked at S-4. (Click here to read more about Lazar’s credibility)
A decade before it was synthesized, when Lazar began discussing Element 115, it was still a mystery that was just out of grasp. Theoretical element on the periodic table that, according to others more skeptical of Lazar’s assertion, was perfectly positioned to lend credibility to his views. Similarly, it is possible that element 119 exists as well… but has not yet been discovered. Could it one day become the key ingredient in an alleged alien coverup?
According to Bob, this alien artifact is a highly radioactive element that allows alien spacecraft to traverse the cosmos, impervious to gravity’s effects. Lazar has been claiming for years that he worked on the material at Area 51 and that it can be used to power spacecraft. Lazar also described the materials utilized to make the craft as metamaterials not from this planet. In a 2019 New York Times report, it was asserted that the Pentagon had been investigatingmetamaterials from“off-world vehicles not made on this Earth” for years.
“The craft that I worked on, that when it’s going to travel a long distance, that is how it operates. It puts its belly to the target and then brings all of the amplifiers to power, and you know it shoots off in that direction. It doesn’t fly as it would in a science-fiction movie. It flies with the belly, the bottom, forward,” Lazar said in Corbell’s documentary. “There’s no question in my mind, that’s the way the craft operated,” he said. “It’s the exact same propulsion system.”
“It’s a superheavy element,” Lazar once told Larry King. “It’s a unique element. When it’s exposed to radiation, it produces its own gravitational field—its own antigravitational field, and it’s what’s used to lift and propel the craft.” The UFO fuel is stable and did not decay, according to Lazar. He said that the fuel creates gravity waves to propel the UFO.
In his initial TV interviews (check the video below) with George Knapp back in 1989, Bob first discussed Element 115 and how it was used in the propulsion system of the alien craft hidden at the S-4 facility. He never denied or confirmed if aliens had given them Element 115 but he told that they had 500 pounds (227 kg) for reverse engineering purposes.
In 2014, Bob did another interview with Knapp where he discussed Element 115 and how it is created both synthetically and naturally through a supernova, which is the cataclysmic explosion of a star.
Bob Lazar further explained in his interviews that bombarding Element 115 with protons leads to it creating Element 116 (Livermorium), which immediately decays and produces antimatter. The antimatter collides with normal particles creating a massive energy burst, which can be used for propulsion. It is quite likely Element 115 could also be the famed exotic matter that is needed to create traversable wormholes that physicists such as Drs. Kip Thorne and Carl Sagan have speculated, and was the subject of a recently leaked Defense Intelligence Reference Document titled “Traversable Wormholes, Stargates, and Negative Energy.”
In September 2020, Corbell shared a photo of Lazar holding Aerogel that was used to package Element 115 for transport. He said that he could not include this part in his Netflix documentary but promised to publish the clip on his YouTube channel, discussing Element 115 and how he observed it functioning (Editor’s note: I searched throughout Corbell’s channel but could not find a clip explaining Element 115).
This image features Bob Lazar and the Aerogel that was used to package the ELEMENT 115 for transport. There has been a lot of confusion about this – and about the function of ELEMENT 115 in alien spacecraft. And this is a core aspect of what Bob Lazar has told you. Image credit: Jeremy Corbell
“It’s reported that a distortion occurs – a gravitational distortion. This is highlighted by how these vehicles appear to negate the effects of inertia. You’ve heard it thousands of times from credible witnesses regarding their UFO encounters… ‘It shot off at an IMPOSSIBLE speed.’ Cmdr. Fravor & Cmdr. Select Underwood used those exact words to me when describing their encounters with the TIC TAC UFO. The craft displayed instantaneous acceleration – and was immediately gone from both sight and radar. Even the Princeton with it’s SPY-1 radar system confirmed this in real-time.
So what’s up with these transmedium machines – these UFOs that fly with impunity in our airspace? Maybe ELEMENT 115 can give us a glimpse into the UFO presence on Planet Earth,” Corbell wrote.
0
1
2
3
4
5
- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
20-05-2024
Astronomen zien eindelijk hoe botsing sterrenstelsels leidt tot gigantisch zwart gat
Astronomen zien eindelijk hoe botsing sterrenstelsels leidt tot gigantisch zwart gat
Door Robbert van der Linde
Wetenschappers hebben gezien hoe twee sterrenstelsels en zwarte gaten op 13 miljard lichtjaar afstand op elkaar botsten en samenvoegden. Het is voor het eerst dat wetenschappers zo'n oude samenvoeging hebben ontdekt.
Met de krachtige James Webb-telescoop zagen de astronomen hoe twee sterrenstelsels met elkaar in botsing kwamen. De zwarte gaten die de sterrenstelsels als kern hadden, smolten daarbij samen tot een superzwaar zwart gat.
Een van de twee zwarte gaten was zeker 50 miljoen keer zo zwaar als onze zon. De ander heeft waarschijnlijk een vergelijkbare massa, maar is moeilijker te meten omdat hij 'verstopt' zit onder een dichte laag gas.
De zogenoemde "monsterbotsing" vond 'pas' 740 miljoen jaar na de oerknal plaats, schrijven de wetenschappers in het maandblad van de Royal Astronomical Society. Inmiddels is het universum ongeveer 13,8 miljard jaar oud.
Eerste keer dat samensmelting zwarte gaten gezien wordt
Volgens de wetenschappers gebeurde het in de eerste jaren van het heelal regelmatig dat zwarte gaten op elkaar botsten en samensmolten. Dat proces leidde tot superzware zwarte gaten, zoals het zwarte gat waar ook onze Melkweg om draait.
"Een van de grootste raadsels van de kosmologie is hoe zwarte gaten zo groot kunnen worden. Het samensmelten van meerdere zwarte gaten is een zeer sterke verklaring daarvoor", zegt hoofdonderzoeker Roberto Maiolino.
Astronomen wisten al dat sterrenstelsels met elkaar in botsing konden komen. Maar ze zagen nu voor het eerst hoe de zwarte gaten in die stelsels met elkaar samensmolten.
Beste bezoeker, Heb je zelf al ooit een vreemde waarneming gedaan, laat dit dan even weten via email aan Frederick Delaere opwww.ufomeldpunt.be. Deze onderzoekers behandelen jouw melding in volledige anonimiteit en met alle respect voor jouw privacy. Ze zijn kritisch, objectief maar open minded aangelegd en zullen jou steeds een verklaring geven voor jouw waarneming! DUS AARZEL NIET, ALS JE EEN ANTWOORD OP JOUW VRAGEN WENST, CONTACTEER FREDERICK. BIJ VOORBAAT DANK...
Druk op onderstaande knop om je bestand , jouw artikel naar mij te verzenden. INDIEN HET DE MOEITE WAARD IS, PLAATS IK HET OP DE BLOG ONDER DIVERSEN MET JOUW NAAM...
Druk op onderstaande knop om een berichtje achter te laten in mijn gastenboek
Alvast bedankt voor al jouw bezoekjes en jouw reacties. Nog een prettige dag verder!!!
Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 73 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
