Veroorzaakte UFO onweersbui boven Moskou, Rusland ( Video )

Verschillende mensen in de Russische hoofdstad Moskou maakten eind juli mooie opnames van een UFO die door het luchtruim schoot. 

Die als het ware ronddartelde en plezier leek te hebben en door sommigen verantwoordelijk wordt gehouden voor de onweersbui die even later losbarstte. 

Op 27 juli vond er een vreemde gebeurtenis plaats boven de Russische hoofdstad Moskou. 

Diverse mensen wisten opnames te maken van een soort vliegende orb, een kleine ronde UFO. 

Wanneer je de opnames bekijkt dan zie je heel duidelijk dat je hier te maken hebt met intelligent bestuurde objecten. 

De UFO was zichtbaar voor ongeveer een kwartier en enkele minuten nadat deze was verdwenen begon het te stormen en te regenen. Degenen die deze UFO gezien hebben vragen zich dan ook af of de storm is veroorzaakt door de UFO. 

Ufoloog Scott Waring zegt er het volgende over: 

Deze gloeiende orb vloog stilletjes over de boomtoppen in de buurt van wat gebouwen in Moskou. De getuige gelooft dat het bolbliksem is, maar bolbliksem is veel kleiner dat dit object. Bolbliksem is nooit groter dan enkele centimeters in doorsnee. Deze UFO was ongeveer zo groot als een motorfiets. 

Bolbliksem duurt altijd minder dan een minuut en deze UFO was tenminste een kwartier lang zichtbaar. 

Wanneer je naar de twee hiernavolgende screenshots kijkt dan zie je twee verschillende versies van de orbs vanwege het toepassen van bepaalde filters. Je ziet een tweede lichtcirkel rondom het centrum van de UFO.

De twee video’s hieronder zijn gemaakt door verschillende mensen onafhankelijk van elkaar en we kunnen er dus van uitgaan dat de opnames echt zijn. 

Scott Waring: 

     De UFO vliegt rond alsof het leeft en nieuwsgierig is. Je hoort ergens in de achtergrond een meisje schreeuwen en op hetzelfde moment schiet de UFO naar boven alsof het bang werd van het geschreeuw. De UFO heeft bewustzijn. 

Ik vraag mij af of de UFO inderdaad de storm veroorzaakte die enkele minuten later losbarstte. Ik denk het wel. 

 

 

Bron: 

Ufo Sightings Daily

{ www.NIBURU.nl }

08-08-2015 om 22:04 geschreven door peter  

UFOs over Guadalajara, Mexico

Report by The Third Millennium about this mass UFO sighting that happened over Guadalajara in Mexico last year.

08-08-2015 om 21:54 geschreven door peter  

NASA and the European Space Agency Finally Prep Public for Alien Disclosure

First NASA chief scientist, Ellen Stofan openly admitted that alien life is ‘imminent’ and just last Tuesday, Dr. John Grunsfeld of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate announced that the agency was ‘on the verge’ of discovering life on planets other than earth.

Stofan and Grunsfeld hide the fact that NASA has been lying to the public about known extraterrestrial life for decades now, and that ETs have likely have been visiting earth for centuries.

Grunsfeld told a House Committee:

“Are we alone? Many, many people on planet Earth want to know…. We are on the cusp of being able to answer that question.”

And Stofan’s recent comments were even more bold:

“I think we’re going to have strong indications of life beyond Earth within a decade . . .I think we’re going to have definitive evidence within 20-30 years. We’re on the verge of things that people have wondered about for millennia. Within all of our lifetimes we’re going to understand that there is life on other bodies in the solar system. We’re going to understand the implications of that for life here on Earth.”

Her declaration is synchronized with the agency’s recent discovery of water of five of Jupiter’s and Saturn’s moons. We were also told by NASA recently, that their Kepler mission found another ‘earth’ in the ‘habitable zone’ in our Universe circulating around a star that resembles our sun. NASA defines ‘habitable’ based on the ability of a planet to pool water ostensibly to support life as we know it.

And then there’s the Guardian article titled “Is Kepler 425b humanity’s best chance to find alien life?” that discusses how earth’s twin – an exoplanet more similar to our own than has ever before been known is a likely case for alien life – never mind the 12 other hospitable planets that theSeti Institute is researching, and the fact that we’ve assumed all life would require the same things as ourselves, without considering that other sentient beings might not even have physical form.

Russia has even threatened the US, essentially saying, “tell the world about aliens or we will.”

But there is more to the story – as usual – than NASA and the European Space Agency, or even Seti are revealing.

Beginning in early March 2015, there was an alleged meeting on the moon involving up to 70 private individuals along with about 120 officials representing different secret space programs and national governments who heard plans about disclosing the existence of extraterrestrial life.

Dr. Michael Salla and David Wilcock have been giving ‘air time’ or you could say ‘Internet real estate’ to a whistleblower named Corey Goode. He is also known as GoodETxSG. He has his own Facebook page titled after the Sphere Being Alliance, a life-form(s) he has been working with to help disclose the massive extent of our corporate military industrial complex into space.

Whether you believe his wild testimony of secret space programs and bases on the moon or not, the very fact that thousands of people are signing up to see him be interviewed by Wilcock on Gaiam TV is a testament to just how ready people are to be told the truth about extra terrestrial life.

While it may be difficult to swallow the facts as Goode tells us – particularly that dozens of extra terrestrials have been manipulating our genetic code, and that the military industrial complex is even more bloated in space as it is here on earth – his testimony is at least worth hearing, and then deciding upon for yourself.

You can catch up rather quickly on what Goode has already ‘disclosed’ via Divine Cosmos, David Wilcock’s website, or you can go directly to Gaiam to watch his interviews. Coupled with NASA’s recent statements, and Russia’s threats, it seems something is brewing – perhaps the pressure is truly immense enough finally, that these agencies will now have to tell the truth.

{ http://zonnews.com/ }

08-08-2015 om 01:26 geschreven door peter  

Scientists now think we could find alien life in our lifetimes. Here's how.

Astronomers have dreamed about finding alien life for centuries. It's just always been considered a far-fetched possibility — the stuff of science fiction. That's why it's so surprising that in recent years, many scientists have started taking the search for life on other planets much, much more seriously.

Related40 maps that explain outer space

That's partly due to new astronomical discoveries. A generation ago, we didn't even have evidence that there were any planets orbiting other stars. But in the past few decades, scientists have found thousands of distant "exoplanets," including several that seem like they might have the right conditions for life. At the same time, scientists have discovered several moons right in our own solar system that appear to have liquid oceans underneath their icy surfaces and perhaps other ingredients necessary for life.

"FOR THE FIRST TIME IN HUMAN HISTORY, WE MIGHT HAVE THE CAPABILITY TO DO THIS"

It's all extremely promising. So astronomers have decided to double down on the search for extraterrestrials. They've moved beyond the traditional methods, which involved simply hoping that intelligent aliens might contact us via radio signals, à la the SETI Institute. Instead, they're now planning missions to nearby ocean worlds and finding new ways to peer at distant planets.

Some astronomers— including NASA's chief scientist — even believe we could find alien life within our lifetimes. "With new telescopes coming online within the next five or 10 years, we'll really have a chance to figure out whether we're alone in the universe," Lisa Kaltenegger, the director of Cornell's new Carl Sagan Institute, told me last year. "For the first time in human history, we might have the capability to do this."

Granted, if life does exist on any of these planets or moons — either in our solar system or outside it — it's far more likely to be in the form of simple, single-celled organisms rather than little green men. These microscopic aliens would be extremely hard to definitively detect, especially if they're orbiting other stars. But it would be a monumental discovery, a sign at last that we're not alone.

Here's a step-by-step guide to how we'll actually go looking for alien life.

Step 1: Survey our solar system's ocean worlds

A rendering of the Europa Clipper. (NASA/JPL-Caltech)

It'd be a lot easier to find definitive evidence of extraterrestrial life within our own solar system than it would be to explore other stars. So the first step is to identify and explore all the ocean worlds orbiting our sun.

Ocean worlds are planets or moons that are icy on the surface but harbor a warmer liquid ocean underneath. They're promising for a simple reason: temperature. Most of the other planets in our solar system (i.e., those besides Earth) seem to be either too hot or too cold for life to survive, too close or too far from the sun. But a planet with an ocean might be able to get around this constraint — because there are lots of possible ways an ocean on a distant icy world could have the right temperature for life to occur.

For instance, scientists have recently found evidence of water oceans on at least three moons: Jupiter's Europa and Ganymede and Saturn's Enceladus. (Saturn's moon Titan also has an ocean of liquid methane.) Even though these moons are frigid on the surface, their insides appear to be warmed by various mechanisms.

Europa gets squeezed continually back and forth by Jupiter's immense gravity. "That results in friction, which generates heat, which is part of what we think helps maintain that liquid water ocean beneath the icy shell," NASA scientist Kevin Hand told me in May. These oceans could theoretically be home to life — and there might be similar oceans on other icy moons and space objects.(NASA/JPL-Caltech)

So far, we don't know a ton about these oceans. Most of the evidence for them is indirect, like the geysers of water vapor we've spotted erupting from Enceladus. To know more, we have to send initial probes to them. Which is what we're doing.

The first mission will likely be NASA's Europa Clipper, tentatively scheduled to launch sometime in the mid-2020s. Current plans call for it to enter Jupiter's orbit, then fly by Europa an estimated 45 times over the course of three or so years, gathering data on composition and temperature of the ocean, plumes, and icy surface. (There aren't any planned missions to Enceladus or Ganymede yet.)

Step 2: Explore nearby ocean worlds with follow-up probes

Saturn's moon Enceladus. (NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute)

The Europa Clipper probably might not be able to determine for sure whether there's life there. That's because it'd be too expensive to give the probe every possible tool for exploration, such as a lander with the capacity to drill through the ice and collect water. After all, we're still not certain what life would look like on such a world and don't know exactly what we'd measure to test for it.

Instead, the initial probe will focus on understanding the size, composition, and temperature of Europa's ocean and creating high-resolution maps of its surface, so that afuture mission might land and directly study the moon's ice and water. The Clipper might also sample plumes shooting out of Europa's surface, to look for indirect evidence of hydrothermal activity in the ocean, which could be fuel for life.

Then the follow-up probes could conceivably search for life, although there's still much debate about what they'd look like. Some scientists have proposed submarines that could explore Europa's oceans after drilling through the ice. Similar missions, in theory, could someday be executed on Enceladus and Ganymede.

These missions could collect all sorts of data on activity within the oceans, perhaps providing stronger evidence for conditions that could be right for life. And if the oceans do have hydrothermal vents, then a submarine mission could even more fruitful. On Earth, these vents emit heated water and dissolved chemicals, which feedchemosynthetic bacteria, which in turn feed diverse groups of animals. It's a long shot, but similar ecosystems could have evolved on Europa and on other moons' sea floors.

Of course, the technology needed to carry out these sorts of missions is still years away. These follow-up probes would also be far more expensive than NASA's Clipper, in part because the extra equipment for a lander requires more fuel to launch into space. And that will undoubtedly prove a tough sell, given NASA's dwindling budget for planetary exploration.

Step 3: Bring ocean samples back to Earth

An artist's impression of Europa's subsurface ocean. (NASA/JPL-Caltech)

If these ocean worlds did contain any life, they'd most likely harbor exotic microscopic organisms (rather than more complex ecosystems). If that's the case, we'd probably want hard proof that life actually existed — and it'd be extremely hard to provide that remotely. That would entail bringing a water sample back to Earth.

This would be yet another monumental engineering challenge. To date, we've only managed to return rock samples from the moon and dust from a comet and an asteroid relatively nearby Earth. Bringing back a sample from Europa or another icy moon would require some sort of spacecraft that's light enough to launch with our rockets, but big enough (and able to carry enough fuel) to escape its destination's gravity when it's time to return home. At the moment, that technology doesn't exist.

There would also be another problem to worry about: how to avoid contaminating Earth with any life forms that we might bring back. This risk seems small — if there were alien life forms, they probably wouldn't have evolved to survive on Earth — but the potential damage could be devastating, as no Earth organisms have evolved any sort of resistance to the threats these aliens might pose. Consequently, scientists have come up with aseries of recommendations to prevent this sort of threat, mostly involving thorough quarantine of returning spacecraft and samples.

These technical challenges mean that finding (and verifying) life in our own solar system probably wouldn't occur for decades, at the earliest. So in the meantime, we'll also want to look much farther away: to planets in other solar systems. Paradoxically, that search might end up yielding results even sooner, though they wouldn't be as definitive.

Step 4: Find planets in other solar systems

An illustration of Kepler-452b, the most Earth-like exoplanet discovered so far. (NASA)

The first step toward doing so is finding a planet alien life might reside on. We've already found thousands of exoplanets (and counting), mostly using NASA's Kepler space telescope and something called the transit method.

Here's how the method works. Imagine staring at a star far away. If there is a planet orbiting that star, it might occasionally pass between us and the star, briefly blocking it from view. Scientists can't actually see the planets doing this blocking, but they can indirectly detect their presence.

"We measure the brightness of a star, and when a planet passes in front of it, it blocks out some of the starlight for a period of a few hours," Thomas Barclay, an exoplanet researcher, told me in April. If scientists observe a star dimming by a consistent amount on a predictable schedule, they can infer the size of an exoplanet that's orbiting around it.

(Sean Raymond)

There are a few other methods for detecting exoplanets, but the transit method is the most straightforward, and it has led to the most discoveries to date.

Step 5: Narrow down the list to planets suitable for life

Now that we've found exoplanets, we need to whittle down the list to the most promising ones.

Scientists are still working on this step. Most of the thousands of planets in other solar systems that we've found are too big, too gaseous, or too hot to be capable of supporting life as we know it. (Unfortunately, these planets are also easier to detect.) So for now, they're crossing these off the list.

Based on what we know about life on Earth, we'd expect life to be more likely to evolve on a rocky planet that orbits within its star's habitable zone — an area where there's enough warmth for liquid water, but not too much heat. (It's possible that a planet even farther off than this could evolve life, perhaps due to a heat-trapping layer of ice like Europa, but it'd be extremely difficult — maybe impossible — to detect signs of life in an icy world in another star system.)

(NASA)

The good news is that there are definitely some exoplanets out there that meet these criteria. Scientists have already spotted about a dozen planets that are relatively close in size to Earth and which may lie in their stars' habitable zones. In July, for instance, astronomers discovered Kepler-452b, which is just 60 percent bigger than our planet and considered Earth's closest twin yet.

The catch is that our current telescopes aren't optimized to analyze these planets and look for signs of life. (Ironically, the Kepler telescope scientists currently use is toopowerful — it was built to observe distant portions of the Milky Way, not to look for planets relatively close by.) So scientists are building more suitable telescopes. NASA'sTransiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), set to launch in 2017, will be the first space telescope specifically designed to analyze exoplanets

An illustration of TESS. (NASA)

Step 6: Scrutinize the atmospheres of the most promising exoplanets

Most exoplanets are probably too far off for us to ever visit — even with uncrewed probes. So the best way to learn more about them is by analyzing the light spectra that pass through their atmospheres. That lets us know what gases are present — and, if we're lucky, may give us clues as to whether there's life, as well.

So far, scientists have been able to directly analyze the spectrum of light passing through the atmospheres of a dozen or so exoplanets. However, these have all been large, gaseous planets with thicker atmospheres. Again, we want to analyze rocky planets in the habitable zone of stars.

(NASA)

This, too, will require better telescopes — and those are on the way. The James Webb Space Telescope, scheduled to launch in 2018, will help analyze the atmospheres of smaller, Earth-like planets that have been spotted by NASA's TESS. Meanwhile, theEuropean Extremely Large Telescope, a ground-based telescope to be built in Chile in 2024, may also be used for this purpose.

Step 7: Search for signs of life in these atmospheres

An illustration of the exoplanet Gliese 832c, one of the closest potentially habitable exoplanets. (Radialvelocity)

The reason we'd want to analyze atmospheres is to look for biosignatures — gases that could be signs of alien life. "We can't go to these planets," Kaltenegger told me. "So we're trying to figure out what a planet that has life might look like from far away, in ways that would be detectable by our telescopes."

At the moment, we only know of one planet with life — Earth — so scientists are using that as a model to determine what gases might support life. Kaltenegger and colleagues, for instance, have used our knowledge of Earth's history to generate what they call analien ID chart — a series of snapshots of Earth's atmospheric composition over the last few billion years, as it's evolved due to the presence of life.

Meanwhile, other researchers are modeling how various life forms might alter the atmospheres of planets with geologic compositions that differ from Earth's. As far as we know, there are some gases (like oxygen and methane) that are abundantly produced by life but can also be produced by geologic processes. On the other hand, there are some rare gases (like dimethyl sulfide) that are produced only by life forms — as far as we know — but in much smaller quantities.

In either case, though, any potential biosignatures we find will be somewhat uncertain. It'd be impossible to say that the makeup of an atmosphere hundreds of light-years away is definitive evidence of life, even if it were chock-full of dimethyl sulfide. We might find strong suggestions of life, but when looking at planets so far away — rather than oceans in our own solar system — it'll be hard to know for sure.

08-08-2015 om 01:20 geschreven door peter  

Alien Invasion: A Brief History Of The Most Famous UFO Sightings

The aliens are coming! You have been warned.

Humanity has always looked to the stars and wondered aloud if we are truly alone in the universe. In the case of these compelling UFO sightings the answer would seem no, we are not. While there are many extra-terrestrial encounters reported each year, only a handful have stood the test of time and remained without a rational explanation.

Here for your viewing pleasure are some of the most famous and convincing UFO photographs from the last 150 years. Before aeroplanes, and long before Photoshop the skies have been graced with mysterious saucer shaped flying objects, just see for yourself…

1870 – Washington, US

Often claimed to be the earliest picture of a UFO, this photograph was taken from the summit of Mount Washington, New Hampshire, in 1870.

1920’S – United States

Another fine example of an early photograph of an unidentified flying object. This picture was taken somewhere in the United States during the 1920’s.

1942 – Los Angeles, US

Searchlights converge on an unidentified object over Los Angeles on February 25, 1942. The bright blobs around the flashes are anti-aircraft shells exploding.

1942 – Tiensten, Hopeh Province, China

This UFO sighting was snapped by an American photographer in Tiensten, Hopeh province, China, in 1942. Several people in the photograph appear to be pointing up at the object.

1956 – Rosetta/Natal, South Africa

This photograph is one of seven taken by meteorologist Elizabeth Klarer just before a thunderstorm. Its authenticity has been confirmed in a notarized affadavit and she stood by her story until she died in 1994 at the age of 83.

We should also add that Elizabeth also claimed she was impregnated during a later encounter with a spaceship pilot.

1957 – Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico, US

Ella Louise Fortune, who worked as a nurse at the Mescalero Indian Reservation near Three Rivers, New Mexico, took this picture while driving along Highway 54 on October 16, 1957, near Holloman Air Force base.

1964 – United States

The exact location in this photographs is unknown, it is however believed to be taken somewhere in the United States on June 10, 1964, and was discovered in an attic some years later.

1969 – Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, US

(Image Source)

The Air Force project was based out of Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio and ran from 1947 to 1969. Throughout the project, the Air Force amassed a total of 12,618 recorded sightings. Out of that total, 701 incidents remain “unidentified.”

1974 – Viborg, Jutland, Denmark

Mr Lauersen was walking his dog in Viborg, Jutland, Denmark, in the early morning hours of November 17, 1974 when he saw a strange looking object shrouded in a white cloud. He took this photo as the object was 250-300 metres away.

1976 – Switzerland

Three discs are visible in this photograph taken on March 8, 1976 in Switzerland.

1988 – Puerto Rico

Running to his car to get his camera after claiming to have been abducted at the Laguna Calthena, Mr Amaury Rivera managed to capture a series of photos which seem to show a jet fighter chasing an UFO.

1996 – Denver, US

Photographed in Denver, Colorado, in January, 1996, by Joe Clower, who was photographing some workmen painting the gold balls on a city monument.

Clower was waiting for the workmen to get ready for the photograph when he saw this strange bell-shaped flying object in the sky.

{ http://www.weirdee.com/ }

08-08-2015 om 00:25 geschreven door peter  

Here's a Map of UFO Sightings Around Philadelphia

Graphics via Metrocosm

Do you believe? A new map via Metrocosm says we all should. In sensational detail, the interactive map compiles more than 90,000 reports of UFO sightings in the United States since 1905, drawing from data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Mutual UFO Network.

07-08-2015 om 23:38 geschreven door peter  

Daily UFO Headlines 9/7/2015

(Before It's News)

openminds.tv

• Watch: Virgin Atlantic Plane Overtaken By ‘UFO’ Over Skies Of New York – Yahoo! New UK
• Here’s a Map of UFO Sightings Around Philadelphia – Curbed Philly
• Similar UFOs Appear Over Japanese, U.S. Cities – The Huffington Post
• Day Around the Bay: Every Bay Area UFO Sighting, Mapped – SFist
• Turkish ‘UFO’ Turns Out to be Israeli ‘Spy Balloon’ – Arutz Sheva

07-08-2015 om 23:15 geschreven door peter  

The Mysterious Crop Circle Phenomenon

(Before It's News)

Crop Circles–formed in living grain–exemplify the archetypal feminine nature of this moment’s change: a calling toward conscious, felt engagement with a dynamic, living, mysterious world. Gary S. Bobroff offers a framework for the reader’s own deeper consideration of crop circles by examining both the phenomenon itself and the nature of the era into which it has arrived, with special consideration of its relevance to Jungian archetypal psychology.

A crop circle is a sizable pattern created by the flattening of a crop such as wheat, barley, rye, maize, or rapeseed. Crop circles are also referred to as crop formations because they are not always circular in shape. The documented cases have substantially increased from the 1970s to current times, and many self-styled experts alleged an alien origin.

SOURCE: Nibiru is Planet X 2015

Click Here To Read More Paranormal Stories

07-08-2015 om 23:10 geschreven door peter  

(Before It's News)

Took a little road trip to Seward 3 weeks ago and stopped along the way to admire the beautiful Mountains

and scenery and took several shots of this same Mountain and in one you can clearly see a UFO

taking off from the Mtn top and the very next shot I took had the same UFO (I am sure of it) and 

it’s further away. I snapped a few at a time so it must be the UFO after leaving. 

Pretty good close up and a classic UFO shape. I can send the orignal photo if anyone would like this.

This is the original photo below. I cropped it to show you a closer image of the actual UFO.

This is in pencil sketch.

AND this next photo is what it looked like when it left….I’m guessing because there is obviously a small dot

further out right after the picture of the UFO was taken.

07-08-2015 om 23:05 geschreven door peter  

Deze reusachtige structuur in het heelal blaast de huidige modellen van de kosmos op

Je kunt je bijna niet voorstellen hoe groot het universum is. Wetenschappers waren verrast toen ze onlangs een structuur in ons heelal ontdekten met een doorsnee van maar liefst vijf miljard lichtjaar. Dat is meer dan een negende van het hele waarneembare universum en veruit de grootste structuur die ooit is ontdekt.

Deze mysterieuze structuur is zo kolossaal dat het onze denkbeelden over de kosmos weleens op zijn kop zou kunnen zetten. “Als we gelijk hebben spot deze structuur met de huidige modellen van het universum,” zei hoofdonderzoeker Lajos Balazs in een persverklaring van de Royal Astronomical Society. “Het was een grote verrassing om zoiets groots te vinden en we begrijpen nog steeds niet echt hoe het is ontstaan.”

Gammaflitsen

Het gaat om een cluster van negen reusachtige sterrenstelsels die door de zwaartekracht bij elkaar worden gehouden. Op dezelfde manier is onze Melkweg onderdeel van een cluster sterrenstelsels. De structuur werd ontdekt nadat onderzoekers een ring van negen gammaflitsen opmerkten die allemaal van een plek op zeven miljard lichtjaar van ons leken te komen.

Gammaflitsen worden veroorzaakt door een supernova. Ze wijzen doorgaans op de aanwezigheid van een sterrenstelsel. Alle gammaflitsen in deze ring komen uit een verschillend sterrenstelsel. Omdat ze zo dicht bij elkaar liggen moeten de sterrenstelsels op de één of andere manier met elkaar verbonden zijn.

Paradigmaverschuiving

Een megacluster van deze omvang zou niet moeten kunnen bestaan, althans niet volgens de huidige theorieën. Die voorspellen dat de omvang van grote structuren in het heelal nagenoeg hetzelfde is. Sterker nog: volgens de huidige theorieën kunnen er geen structuren bestaan die groter zijn dan 1,2 miljard lichtjaar.

Als de berekeningen van het Hongaars-Amerikaanse team kloppen, zou deze gigantische structuur, die een doorsnee heeft van meer dan vijf miljard lichtjaar, het hele klassieke model opblazen. Óf de berekeningen kloppen niet, óf wetenschappers moeten de theorieën over de evolutie van de kosmos helemaal herzien.

De ontdekking van deze cluster kan leiden tot een paradigmaverschuiving binnen de astronomie. Vond je dit interessant? Denk er dan aan het artikel te delen op Facebook.

[MNN]

© Copyright (c) NineForNews.nl

07-08-2015 om 22:43 geschreven door peter  

Ancient Bowl Found On Mars And Other Intelligently Designed Shapes On Mars Found In Ruins, Aug 2015, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: August 2015
Location of sighting: Mars
Source photo: 

http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/msl-raw-images/msss/01049/mcam/1049ML0046190040306064E01_DXXX.jpg

This find by Whatsupinthesky37 is quite intriguing. He discovered what could be a bowl, but looks like a hollow section of a pillar. The object is not round, but has 6 equal sides and is hollow inside. Very cool discovery and this should have archeologist excited around the world. 
Scott C. Waring
www.ufosightingsdaily.com

Whatsupinthesky37 of Youtube states:
Thanks to Kjell for emailing this image on over to me I apologize that it took me so long to get to it. Things have been hectic here with my mother having surgery but everything went wonderful and she is recovering! My friend Stefan (EclipseFire Xin) did a great image covering the anomalies on this image as well that I show in the video and will link below as well! You can find him on YouTube, Facebook & now on WUITS! So this image totally looks to be the typical Uncle Jakes Junkyard filled with Intelligently designed rubble and ruins all over this area of the Gale Crater! I love the one in the thumbnail that looks like a modern day wash pan, bedpan.. ;) This one is worth a download and I will be doing a video from the same SOL very shortly so stay tuned! I can't wait to hear what you all think about this one!

{ http://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

07-08-2015 om 22:33 geschreven door peter  

Glowing UFO Over Draper, Utah On Aug 6, 2015, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: August 

Location of sighting: Draper, Utah, USA

Source: MUFON

Case #: 69034

 

Check out this really cool flashing UFO Seen over Draper, Utah yesterday. The object is not a disk, and its not flat, but instead is sphere shaped. I tried to add light to the close up to show you (Third photo down). UFOs are comment around the desert regions of Utah. Most often seen around the mountains. The photo below, is a close up that the eyewitness caught and submitted himself with the video. 

Scott C. Waring

www.ufosightingsdaily.com

Eyewitness states: 

I was walking to a room where I was sleeping on the couch. As I was getting my blanket I looked out the window and saw a bright light about a mile away over a mountain across from our house. It was very bright but not distinguishable. So I got my phone and zoomed and noticed it was flashing lights and moving so I took a picture and video of the object. I layer down and looked out my window to see the object was gone.

{ http://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

07-08-2015 om 22:32 geschreven door peter  

Crop Circle In Hoeven, Netherlands Shows Signs Of UFO Landing, July 2015, UFO Sighting News.

{ http://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

07-08-2015 om 22:10 geschreven door peter  

What was this flying object over New Kensington, Pennsylvania 26-Jun-2015

Here’s one interesting footage of some kind of a cigar-shaped object flying across the sky above New Kensington in Pennsylvania. This happened on 26th June 2015.

Witness report: in my back yard, looked up saw this thing flying across the cloudy sky, check the security camera …caught it on camera

Author (source: MUFON)

07-08-2015 om 21:58 geschreven door peter  

Captured Moment: UFO Overtaking a Flight during Take-Off From New York JFK Airport

Unidentified sightings by airline pilots are increasingly becoming popular. Unfortunately, there have been instances where pilots have gone missing while pursuing, witnessing or otherwise involved other of extraterrestrial-related activity. That alone suggests that aliens are not only a serious business, but also at times a deadly business, as we have, and shall see.

The footage appears to show an object flying at high speed from July 7. The odd object has led to the assumption that it may be an extraterrestrial vessel. From LookNowTV’s Rick, who found the video, said that the person who captured the strange sighting at JFK film planes is more often catching strange objects. He further admitted that he tried to shoot extraterrestrial vessels and has planned to hunt one in NYC with the hope to air on LookNowTV. While strange sightings received thousands of criticisms, he does not believe that the guy who captured the footage is a hoax. Based on the appearance, the structure and the movement, it is something that no people tell what it is. He even shared the material with his friends to get further opinions, unfortunately, no definitive conclusion. Whatever it is, Russ Kellett, the British UFO expert is still unconvinced, saying that it could be anything because it doesn’t look to be a bird. As you can see, the strange object appears from the airplane’s tail, moving sort of like a bird with wings flapping and moving away.

What do you think? Are aliens or extraterrestrial thing trying to make contact with the pilots? Are they real? There is no word from officials about whether the most recent sighting was another military experiment or a natural phenomenon. But there is no denying that such sighting has been captured, and people should embrace the moment. There are scientific explanations for this extraterrestrial occurrence, but just face it, they’re entertaining!

07-08-2015 om 21:53 geschreven door peter  

Philae data suggest that organic compounds – which eventually translated into living organisms here on Earth – existed in the early solar system.

A photograph of the surface of Comet 67P at Agilkia, Philae’s intended landing site, from a height of just nine meters, taken with the ROLIS camera. Image credit: ESA/Rosetta/Philae/ROLIS/DLR

By Paul Southerland, Sen.com

Though Rosetta’s little lander Philae made an unexpected bounce across the surface of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, and is now playing a game of hide-and-seek with mission controllers, it has already provided a wealth of information about its strange new home.

In particular, it has identified complex molecules dating from the early Solar System that could have been ingredients in the recipe that delivered life to our planet. Those results, and findings from other experiments were published last week in the journal Science.

Philae was pre-programmed to carry out a number of experiments as soon as it landed at its designated site, Agilkia, on November 12, 2014 following a seven hour descent from the mothership. One was to “sniff the air” so that experiments COSAC (Cometary Sampling and Composition) and Ptolemy could determine the chemical make-up of the gas and dust being given off by the comet.

Unexpectedly, the probe did its sniffing while it was in flight again above the comet, because the harpoons had failed to fire to anchor it to the surface. However, both experiments successfully took samples. COSAC was able to analyze material that was kicked off the surface on first touchdown and entered tubes at the base of the lander. At the same time, Ptolemy got a taste of gas entering tubes at the top of Philae.

COSAC collected ice-poor dust grains that contained 16 organic compounds, including many rich in carbon and nitrogen compounds. But it also detected four that had never been seen in a comet before—methyl isocyanate, acetone, propionaldehyde and acetamide.

Ptolemy’s samples were of gases making up the “atmosphere”, or coma, of the comet, and included water vapor, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, plus smaller amounts of carbon-bearing organic compounds, including formaldehyde.

What excites the scientists is that some of these compounds are important for the production of the buildings blocks of life, including amino acids, sugars and nucleobases. Because comets are leftover debris from the formation of the Solar System, more than four billion years ago, the presence of the compounds suggests that life’s ingredients were coming together in chemical processes even at that early stage.

A ground-based image of Comet 67P, taken on July 8 with the Very Large Telescope in Chile. Image credit: Alan Fitzsimmons/Colin Snodgrass/ESO

Writing for academic news site The Conversation, UK comet expert Professor Monica Grady gave her view on the discovery. She is married to Professor Ian Wright, who works with the Ptolemy results at the Open University. Grady said:

• While this is a long, long way from finding life itself, the data shows that the organic compounds that eventually translated into organisms here on Earth existed in the early solar system.
• One of the declared goals of the Rosetta mission when it was approved in 1993 was to determine the composition of volatile compounds in the cometary nucleus. And now we have the answer, or at least, an answer: the compounds are a mixture of many different molecules. Water, carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2)—this is not too surprising, given that these molecules have been detected many times before around comets. But both COSAC and Ptolemy have found a very wide range of additional compounds, which is going to take a little effort to interpret.

Grady concluded:

• Most importantly, both of those sets of data show that the ingredients for life were present in a body which formed in the earliest stages of Solar System history. Comets act as messengers, delivering water and dust throughout the Solar System—now we have learnt for certain that the ingredients for life have been sown far and wide through the 4.567 billion years of Solar System history. The challenge now is to discover where else it might have taken root.

The fact Philae landed three times as it bounced to its final resting place in a region called Abydos means that the scientists got data from more than one site and have been able to compare different regions. That included surface properties and details of the comet’s interior. As it descended, and on final touchdown, the probe also imaged parts of the comet up close with its ROLIS and CIVA cameras, providing details about boulders littering the surface and the coarse soil.

Philae’s MUPUS instruments found that Abydos has harder material, probably compacted dust and ice, at the surface than Agilkia, where Philae first bounced. MUPUS also measured a variation in temperature between -180°C and -145°C as the comet rotated in its 12.4 hour daily cycle. Another experiment, CONSERT, used instruments on Rosetta and Philae to beam radio waves through the comet’s nucleus, revealing that its smaller lobe is a fairly homogeneous mix of loosely-compacted dust and ice.

Professor Jean-Pierre Bibring, a lead lander scientist and principal investigator of the CIVA instrument, said in a statement:

• Taken together, these first pioneering measurements performed on the surface of a comet are profoundly changing our view of these worlds and continuing to shape our impression of the history of the solar system.

Nothing has been heard from the lander since July 9, following occasional, intermittent contact after it “phoned home” on June 13, ending seven months of silence. Since July 25, Rosetta has moved into a position where it can explore Comet 67P’s southern landscape in the run-up to Perihelion, its closest point to the sun, and from there it will be unable to communicate with Philae anyway. But in a couple of weeks, it will be within range again, and the science team will be hoping to establish contact with the lander once more.

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Original story from Sen. © Sen TV Limited 2015, all rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. For more space news visit sen.com and follow@sen on Twitter.

{ http://earthsky.org/earth }

07-08-2015 om 01:13 geschreven door peter  

Hunt for alien life on Jupiter begins

European Space Agency joins forces with Airbus to develop new space probe to look for extra-terrestrial existence

A new space probe will look for extra-terrestrial existence on the icy moons of Jupiter Photo: GALAXY PICTURE LIBRARY/ALAMY

By Sarah Knapton, Science Editor

In the past year humanity has landed on a comet, ventured to Pluto and discovered another planet which is so like our own it has been dubbed Earth 2.0.

But in the coming decades, space exploration is moving beyond charting the Solar System and will seriously start hunting for alien life.

This week the European Space Agency announced that is has joined forces with Airbus to develop a new space probe to look for extra-terrestrial existence on the icy moons of Jupiter.

It will launch in 2022 and head for the ocean-bearing worlds of Europa, Ganymede and Callisto.

Dubbed the Juice (JUpiter ICy moons Explorer) spacecraft, the mission will look at whether the frozen worlds which surround gas giants could support extra-terrestrial life.

^{Carina Nebula, a region of massive star formation in the southern skies (ESO/T. Preibisch / Rex Features)}

So far missions like Nasa’s Kepler have focussed on hunting for rocky planets like Earth, believing that they would be the best candidates for life. But the first images beamed back from Pluto by the New Horizons spacecraft earlier this month suggest that icy outer planets and frozen moons could be geologically active and hold liquid water.

It is hoped that micro-organisms or even fish-like creatures may be present in deep-water hydrothermal vents known as 'black smokers' which are known to harbour life on Earth.

Dr Daniel Brown, an astronomy expert from Nottingham Trent University, said: "All our current exciting and fascinating space missions have been dealing with either understanding the origins of life and our Solar System or finding exoplanets that might host Earth-like planets.

"But, life doesn’t have to exist on planets like Earth, it could also have developed in oceans within icy moons around Jupiter like gas giants.

^{Space Agency (ESA) astronaut (NASA/ESA/REX)}

"Juice will be exploring the three Galilean moons of Jupiter thought to harbour oceans under their surface. It will give us a much better understanding what lies beneath the icy crust and how it could offer an environment for life to develop."

The probe will be launched on an Ariane 5 rocket and spend seven and half years sling-shotting around Earth, Mars and Venus to pick up enough speed to get to the Jupiter system with as little fuel as possible.

• 2014 was world's hottest year on record

For three and a half years, the spacecraft will sweep around the giant planet, exploring its turbulent atmosphere, enormous magnetosphere, and tenuous set of dark rings, as well as studying the icy moons, Ganymede, Europa, and Callisto.

All three of the planet-sized satellites are thought to have oceans of liquid water beneath their crusts and could provide key clues on the potential for such bodies to harbour habitable environments.

The probe will start with Callisto before making two flybys of Europa, where it will study the icy surface.

Dr Brown added: "At the moment we think Europa might be the most likely location to find life. Hopefully we would be able to pick up biomarkers on the surface where cracks on the ice mantle have allowed water from the internal ocean to appear.

"The lifeforms would then need to survive without any light under high pressure environments. Current research has indicated that there might be more oxygen present than initially expected, so it could not only support microorganisms but possibly fishlike creatures.”

The mission will culminate in a dedicated, eight-month tour around Ganymede, the first time any icy moon has been orbited by a spacecraft. And Ganymede is the only moon in the Solar System known to generate its own magnetic field so scientists are keen to work out how that is being achieved.

• 'Death test' could predict chance of dying within 30 days

“Juice will address the question: are there current habitats outside Earth in the Solar System with the necessary conditions to sustain life?” said François Auque, Head of Space Systems at Airbus.

“After the Sun, Mercury, Venus, the Earth, Mars, Titan… and even a comet, our engineers’ next challenge is to build this sophisticated spacecraft to explore the Jupiter system.”

The spacecraft will carry 10 instruments covering a wide range of measurements techniques (optical, sub-millimetre, radar, magnetic electric, plasma and particle sensors).

Weighing five and a half tonnes, Juice will be powered by a large 97 m² solar generator, the largest ever sent into space.

“Jupiter and its icy moons constitute a kind of mini-Solar System in their own right, offering European scientists and our international partners the chance to learn more about the formation of potentially habitable worlds around other stars," added Dmitrij Titov, ESA's Juicd Study Scientist.

{ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/ }

07-08-2015 om 01:06 geschreven door peter  

Ancient Aliens: The God Of the Old Testament

by Paul Schroeder

07-08-2015 om 00:57 geschreven door peter  

Abduction by Aliens or Sleep Paralysis?

Personal accounts of abduction by aliens have increased since the publication of Budd Hopkins’s books Missing Time (1981) and Intruders (1987) and Whitley Strieber’s Communion (1987). There is considerable variation among the accounts, but many fit a common pattern. Wright (1994) summarized 317 transcripts of hypnosis sessions and interviews from 95 separate cases and concluded, “Numerous entity types have been visiting our planet with some regularity” (Part 2, p. 6). However, the “gray” is clearly the most common alien and over the years a typical account has emerged (see, e.g., Mack 1994; Schnabel 1994; Thompson 1993).

The experience begins most often when the person is at home in bed (Wright 1994) and most often at night (Spanos, Cross, Dickson, and DuBreuil 1993), though sometimes abductions occur from a car or outdoors. There is an intense blue or white light, a buzzing or humming sound, anxiety or fear, and the sense of an unexplained presence. A craft with flashing lights is seen and the person is transported or “floated” into it. Once inside the craft, the person may be subjected to various medical procedures, often involving the removal of eggs or sperm and the implantation of a small object in the nose or elsewhere. Communication with the aliens is usually by telepathy. The abductee feels helpless and is often restrained, or partially or completely paralyzed.

The “gray” is about four feet high, with a slender body and neck, a large head, and huge, black, slanted, almond-shaped eyes. Grays usually have no hair and often only three fingers on each hand. Rarer aliens include green or blue types, the taller fair-haired Nordics, and human types who are sometimes seen working with the grays.

The aliens’ purpose in abducting Earthlings varies from benign warnings of impending ecological catastrophe to a vast alien breeding program, necessitating the removal of eggs and sperm from humans in order to produce half-alien, half-human creatures. Some abductees claim to have seen fetuses in special jars, and some claim they were made to play with or care for the half-human children.

Occasionally, people claim to be snatched from public places, with witnesses, or even in groups. This provides the potential for independent corroboration, but physical evidence is extremely rare. A few examples of stained clothing have been brought back; and some of the implants have reportedly been removed from abductees’ bodies, but they usually mysteriously disappear (Jacobs 1993).

Theories

How can we explain these experiences? Some abductees recall their experiences spontaneously, but some only “remember” in therapy, support groups, or under hypnosis. We know that memories can be changed and even completely created with hypnosis (Laurence, et al. 1986), peer pressure, and repeated questioning (Loftus 1993). Are “memories” of abduction created this way? Most of Wright’s ninety-five abductees were hypnotized and/or interviewed many times. Hopkins is well known for his hypnotic techniques for eliciting abduction reports, and Mack also uses hypnosis. However, there are many reports of conscious recall of abduction without hypnosis or multiple interviews, and the significance of the role of false memory is still not clear.

Another theory is that abductees are mentally ill. This receives little or no support from the literature. Bloecher, Clamar, and Hopkins (1985) found above-average intelligence and no signs of serious pathology among nine abductees, and Parnell (1988) found no evidence of psychopathology among 225 individuals who reported having seen a UFO (although not having been abducted). Most recently, Spanos et al. (1993) compared forty-nine UFO reporters with two control groups and found they were no less intelligent, no more fantasy prone, and no more hypnotizable than the controls. Nor did they show more signs of psychopathology. They did, however, believe more strongly in alien visitations, suggesting that such beliefs allow people to shape ambiguous information, diffuse physical sensations, and vivid imaginings into realistic alien encounters.

Temporal lobe lability has also been implicated. People with relatively labile temporal lobes are more prone to fantasy, and more likely to report mystical and out-of-body experiences, visions, and psychic experiences (Persinger and Makarec 1987). However, Spanos et al. found no difference in a temporal lobe lability scale between their UFO reporters and control groups. Cox (1995) compared a group of twelve British abductees with both a matched control group and a student control group and, again, found no differences on the temporal lobe lability scale. Like Spanos’s subjects, the abductees were more often believers in alien visitations than were the controls.

A final theory is that abductions are elaborations of sleep paralysis, in which a person is apparently able to hear and see and feels perfectly awake, but cannot move. The International Classification of Sleep Disorders (Thorpy 1990) reports that sleep paralysis is common among narcoleptics, in whom the paralysis usually occurs at sleep onset; is frequent in about 3 to 6 percent of the rest of the population; and occurs occasionally as “isolated sleep paralysis” in 40 to 50 percent. Other estimates for the incidence of isolated sleep paralysis include those from Japan (40 percent; Fukuda, et al. 1987), Nigeria (44 percent; Ohaeri 1992), Hong Kong (37 percent; Wing, Lee, and Chen 1994), Canada (21 percent; Spanos et al. 1995), Newfoundland (62 percent; Ness 1978), and England (46 percent; Rose and Blackmore 1996).

The Sleep-Paralysis Experience

In a typical sleep-paralysis episode, a person wakes up paralyzed, senses a presence in the room, feels fear or even terror, and may hear buzzing and humming noises or see strange lights. A visible or invisible entity may even sit on their chest, shaking, strangling, or prodding them. Attempts to fight the paralysis are usually unsuccessful. It is reputedly more effective to relax or try to move just the eyes or a single finger or toe. Descriptions of sleep paralysis are given in many of the references already cited and in Hufford’s (1982) classic work on the “Old Hag.” I and a colleague are building up a case collection and have reported our preliminary findings (Blackmore and Rose 1996).

Sleep paralysis is thought to underlie common myths such as witch or hag riding in England (Davis 1996-1997), the Old Hag of Newfoundland (Hufford 1982), Kanashibari in Japan (Fukuda 1993), Kokma in St. Lucia (Dahlitz and Parkes 1993), and the Popobawa in Zanzibar (Nickell 1995), among others. Perhaps alien abduction is our modern sleep paralysis myth.

Spanos et al. (1993) have pointed out the similarities between abductions and sleep paralysis. The majority of the abduction experiences they studied occurred at night, and almost 60 percent of the “intense” reports were sleep related. Of the intense experiences, nearly a quarter involved symptoms similar to sleep paralysis.

Cox (1995) divided his twelve abductees into six daytime and six nighttime abductions and, even with such small groups, found that the nighttime abductees reported significantly more frequent sleep paralysis than either of the control groups.

I suggest that the best explanation for many abduction experiences is that they are elaborations of the experience of sleep paralysis.

Imagine the following scenario: A woman wakes in the night with a strong sense that someone or something is in the room. She tries to move but finds she is completely paralyzed except for her eyes. She sees strange lights, hears a buzzing or humming sound, and feels a vibration in the bed. If she knows about sleep paralysis, she will recognize it instantly, but most people do not. So what is she going to think? I suggest that, if she has watched TV programs about abductions or read about them, she may begin to think of aliens. And in this borderline sleep state, the imagined alien will seem extremely real. This alone may be enough to create the conviction of having been abducted. Hypnosis could make the memories of this real experience (but not real abduction) completely convincing.

The Roper Poll

The claim that 3.7 million Americans have been abducted was based on a Roper Poll conducted between July and September 1991 and published in 1992. The authors were Budd Hopkins, a painter and sculptor; David Jacobs, a historian; and Ron Westrum, a sociologist (Hopkins, Jacobs, and Westrum 1992). In its introduction John Mack, professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, claimed that hundreds of thousands of American men, women, and children may have experienced UFO abductions and that many of them suffered from distress when mental health professionals tried to fit their experiences into familiar psychiatric categories. Clinicians, he said, should learn “to recognize the most common symptoms and indications in the patient or client’s history that they are dealing with an abduction case” (8). These indications included seeing lights, waking up paralyzed with a sense of presence, and experiences of flying and missing time. The report was published privately and mailed to nearly one hundred thousand psychiatrists, psychologists, and other mental health professionals encouraging them to “be open to the possibility that something exists or is happening to their clients which, in our traditional Western framework, cannot or should not be” (8).

The Roper Organization provides a service for other questions to be tacked on to their own regular polls. In this case, 5,947 adults (a representative sample) were given a card listing eleven experiences and were asked to say whether each had happened to them more than twice, once or twice, or never. The experiences (and percentage of respondents reporting having had the experience at least once) included: seeing a ghost (11 percent), seeing and dreaming about UFOs (7 percent and 5 percent), and leaving the body (14 percent). Most important were the five “indicator experiences”: 1) “Waking up paralyzed with a sense of a strange person or presence or something else in the room” (18 percent); 2) “Feeling that you were actually flying through the air although you didn’t know why or how” (10 percent); 3) “Experiencing a period of time of an hour or more, in which you were apparently lost, but you could not remember why, or where you had been” (13 percent); 4) “Seeing unusual lights or balls of light in a room without knowing what was causing them, or where they came from” (8 percent); and 5) “Finding puzzling scars on your body and neither you nor anyone else remembering how you received them or where you got them” (8 percent).

The authors decided that “when a respondent answers ‘yes’ to at least four of these five indicator questions, there is a strong possibility that individual is a UFO abductee.” The only justification given is that Hopkins and Jacobs worked with nearly five hundred abductees over a period of seventeen years. They noticed that many of their abductees reported these experiences and jumped to the conclusion that people who have four or more of the experiences are likely to be abductees.

From there, the stunning conclusion of the Roper Poll was reached. Out of the 5,947 people interviewed, 119 (or 2 percent) had four or five of the indicators. Since the population represented by the sample was 185 million, the total number was 3.7 million — hence the conclusion that nearly four million Americans have been abducted by aliens.

Why did they not simply ask a question like, “Have you ever been abducted by aliens?”? They argue that this would not reveal the true extent of abduction experiences since many people only remember them after therapy or hypnosis. If abductions really occur, this argument may be valid. However, the strategy used in the Roper Poll does not solve the problem.

With some exceptions,¹ many scientists have chosen to ignore the poll because it is so obviously flawed. However, because its major claim has received such wide publicity, I decided a little further investigation was worthwhile.

The real issue raised by the Roper Poll is whether the 119 people who reported the indicator experiences had actually been abducted by aliens.

Since the sampling technique appears to be sound and the sample large, we can have confidence in the estimate of 2 percent claiming the experiences. The question is, Have these people really been abducted? The alternative is that they simply have had a number of interesting psychological experiences, the most obviously relevant being sleep paralysis. In this case, the main claim of the Roper Poll must be rejected. How do we find out?

I reasoned that people who have been abducted (whether they consciously recall it or not) should have a better knowledge of the appearance and behavior of aliens than people who have not. This leads to two simple hypotheses.

The Roper Poll assumes that people who have had the indicator experiences have probably been abducted. If this assumption is correct, people who report the indicator experiences should have a better knowledge of what aliens are supposed to look like and what happens during an abduction than people who do not report indicator experiences. If the assumption is not correct, then their knowledge should be no greater than anyone else’s — indeed, knowledge of aliens should relate more closely to reading and television-watching habits than to having the indicator experiences if abductions do not really occur.

I decided to test this using both adults and children here in Bristol. It might be argued that genuine abductees wouldn’t be able to remember the relevant details so I needed to use a situation that would encourage recall. I decided to relax the subjects and tell them an abduction story, and then ask them to fill in missing details and draw the aliens they had seen in their imagination.

Method

Subjects were 126 school children aged 8 to 13 and 224 first-year undergraduates aged 18 and over. The children came from two schools in Bristol. They were tested in their classrooms in groups of 22 to 28. The first group of 22 children had a slightly different questionnaire from the other groups and, is therefore, excluded from some of the analyses. The adults were psychology and physiotherapy students at the University of the West of England tested in three large groups. The procedure for the children is described below. The procedure was slightly simplified and the story slightly modified for the adults.

I first spent about half an hour talking to the children about psychology and research so that they got used to me. I then asked them to relax — as much as they could in the classroom. Many laid their heads on the desks, some even lay down on the floor. I asked them to imagine they were in bed and being read a bedtime story. I suggested they try to visualize all the details of the story in their minds while I read it to them. I then read, slowly and clearly, a story called “Jackie and the Aliens,” in which a girl is visited in bed at night by a strange alien who takes her into a spacecraft, examines her on a table, and brings her back unharmed to bed. The story includes such features as traveling down a corridor into a room, being laid on a table, seeing alien writing, and catching a glimpse of jars on shelves. However, precise details are not given.

At the end of the story, I asked the children to “wake up” slowly and to try to remember as much as they could of the details of the story. I then handed out the questionnaires. Each questionnaire contained five multiple-choice questions about the alien, the room, and table; and the children were asked to describe what was in the jars and to draw the alien writing. There were also six questions based on those in the Roper Poll: Have you ever seen a UFO? Have you ever seen a ghost ? Have you ever felt as though you left your body and could fly around without it (an out-of-body experience, or OBE)? Have you ever seen unusual lights or balls of light in a room without knowing what was causing them, or where they came from? Have you ever woken up paralyzed, that is, with the feeling that you could not move? And, Have you ever woken up with the sense that there was a strange person or presence or something else in the room? (Note that in the Roper Poll, the question about paralysis was compounded with the question of the sense of presence. Here, two separate questions were asked. Note also that the last four of these questions were based on the indicator questions from the Roper Poll.) The questions were slightly altered to make them suitable for young children, and I did not ask about scars or missing time. A question about false awakenings (dreaming you have woken up) was also included, and two questions about television-watching habits.

Finally, all groups except one of the adult groups were asked to draw pictures of the alien they had imagined in the story.

Results

Large numbers of both adults and children reported having had most of the experiences. The percentages are shown in Table 1.

For each person, an “alien score” from 0 to 6 was given for the number of “correct” answers to the questions about the alien (that is, answers that conformed to the popular stereotype), and another score for the number of Roper Poll indicator experiences reported (0-4).

For the children, the mean alien score was 0.95, and the mean number of experiences 1.51. There was no correlation between the two measures (rs = – 0.03, n = 101, p = 0.78). The drawings of aliens were roughly categorized by an independent judge into “grays” and “others” (for almost all drawings the category is obvious; see Figure 1). Twelve (12 percent) of the children drew grays and 87 did not. Not surprisingly, those who drew a gray also achieved higher alien scores (t = 3.87, 97 df, p < 0.0001), but they did not report more of the experiences (t = 0.66, 95 df, p = 0.51).

Those children who drew grays did not report watching more television. Nor was there a correlation between the amount of television watched and the alien score (rs = 0.002, n = 101, p = 0.98). Oddly, there was a small positive correlation between the amount of television watched and the number of experiences reported (rs = 0.25, n = 101, p = 0.01).

For the adults, mean alien score was 1.23 and mean number of experiences 1.64. Again, there was no correlation between the two measures (rs = 0.07, n = 213, p = 0.29). Seventeen of the adults drew grays, and 103 did not. Again those who drew a gray achieved higher alien scores (t = 6.11, 118 df, p < 0.0001) but did not report more experiences (t = 0.14, 115 df, p = 0.89).

Among the adults, those who drew grays were those who watched more television (U = 534, n = 100, 17, p < 0.01), and the amount of television watched correlated positively with the alien score (rs = 0.20, n = 217, p = 0.003).

Discussion

These results provide no evidence that people who reported more of the indicator experiences had a better idea of what an alien should look like or what should happen during an abduction. If real gray aliens are abducting people from Earth, and the Roper Poll is correct in associating the indicator experiences with abduction, then we should expect such a relationship. Its absence in a relatively large sample casts doubt on these premises.

Among the adults (though not the children), there was a correlation between the amount of television they watched and their knowledge about aliens and abductions. This suggests that the popular stereotype is obtained more from television programs than from having been abducted by real aliens.

Our sample certainly included enough people who reported the indicator experiences. Although not all the indicator experiences were included, for the four questions that were used, the incidence was actually higher than that found by the Roper Poll. Presumably, therefore, many of my subjects would have been classified by Hopkins, Jacobs, and Westrum as having been abducted. The results suggest this conclusion would be quite unjustified.

These findings do not and cannot prove that no real abductions are occurring on this planet. What they do show is that knowledge of the appearance and behavior of abducting aliens depends more on how much television a person watches than on how many “indicator experiences” he or she has had. I conclude that the claim of the Roper Poll, that 3.7 million Americans have probably been abducted, is false.

Acknowledgment

I would like to thank the Perrott-Warrick Fund for financial assistance and Nick Rose for help with the analysis.

Note

1. For three earlier articles in the Skeptical Inquirer evaluating and strongly critiquing the interpretations of the Roper Poll, see Lloyd Stires, “3.7 Million Americans Kidnapped by Aliens?” 17 (2), Winter 1993; Philip J. Klass, “Additional Comments about the ‘Unusual Personal Experiences Survey’,” 17 (2), Winter 1993; and Robyn M. Dawes and Matthew Mulford, “Diagnoses of Alien Kidnappings That Result from Conjunction Effects in Memory,” 18 (1), Fall 1993. All are reprinted in Kendrick Frazier, Barry Karr, and Joe Nickell, eds., The UFO Invasion, Prometheus Books, 1997.

References

• Blackmore, S. J., and N. J. Rose. 1996. Experiences on the Borderline between Reality and Imagination. 20th International Conference of the Society for Psychical Research, Cirencester, 31 August 1996.
• Bloecher, T., A. Clamar, and B. Hopkins. 1985. Summary Report on the Psychological Testing of Nine Individuals Reporting UFO Abduction Experiences. Mt Ranier, Md.: Fund for UFO Research.
• Cox, M. 1995. The Prevalence of Sleep Paralysis and Temporal Lobe Lability in Persons Who Report Alien Abduction. Unpublished thesis, Department of Psychology, University of the West of England, Bristol.
• Dahlitz, M., and J. D. Parkes. 1993. Sleep paralysis. Lancet 341(8842): 406-407.
• Davis, O. 1996-1997. Hag-riding in nineteenth-century West Country England and modern Newfoundland: An examination of an experience-centred witchcraft tradition. Folk Life 35.
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Source 

{ https://alien-ufo-sightings.com/ }

07-08-2015 om 00:22 geschreven door peter  

Earth's Ancient Magnetic Field Just Got a Lot Older

Early magnetism could have helped create conditions to support life

By Alexandra Witze and Nature magazine | August 3, 2015

Earth developed a magnetic field at least four billion years ago, the latest research shows—more than half a billion years earlier than thought.

The work, described in the July 31 issue of Science, is a major step forward in understanding when and how Earth began to evolve into its modern form. An ancient magnetic field could have made the 500-million-year-old planet more hospitable to life, by preventing the Sun's powerful solar wind from stripping away the atmosphere.

The study helps put Earth in context with its planetary neighbours. “The comparison between Earth and Mars is really striking,” says lead author John Tarduno, a geophysicist at the University of Rochester in New York. Mars also had a magnetic field at least 4 billion years ago, but the red planet somehow lost its dense atmosphere and became a barren world. Yet Earth developed into a hotbed of life.

Evidence for the age of Earth’s magnetic field comes from magnetic crystals that are preserved inside ancient rocks. Tarduno and his colleagues had previously found markers dating to 3.45 billion years ago in rocks from South Africa.

To look deeper into Earth's past, the team went to the Jack Hills region of Western Australia, which is famous for its four-billion-year-old zircon crystals. The scientists used a high-resolution magnetometer to measure faint magnetic signals of iron-bearing minerals trapped inside 25 zircons. These signals indicate the strength and direction of Earth’s magnetic field when the crystals formed.

Portrait of a young planet
The Jack Hills zircons show that a magnetic field existed as early as 4 billion years ago, fluctuating in strength from a value similar to today's—around 25 microteslas—to about 12% of that. The two most-ancient zircons in the study suggest that the field could be up to 4.2 billion years old. But these rocks are difficult to analyse because they were re-heated around 2.6 billion years ago, which left a record of magnetic activity then that partially overlaid older evidence.

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Whenever it arose, an ancient magnetic field would have been a good, although not perfect, shield against the solar wind. An occasional solar storm might still have been able to blast through the magnetic field and strip Earth's atmosphere of water and volatile compounds that are necessary for life, Tarduno's team says.

But David Grinspoon, a researcher at the Planetary Science Institute in Tucson, Arizona, is not convinced that a planet must have an active magnetic field in order to be habitable. Many experts question the idea that Mars lost its atmosphere simply because its magnetic field switched off, he says. Powerful stellar winds may actually provide energy for yet-unknown life on planets that lack a protective magnetic field.

The presence of an ancient magnetic field on Earth also suggests that plate tectonics could have been operating more than 4 billion years ago, Tarduno adds. Geologists have long debated when and how convection began in the primordial planet, resulting in the loss of heat to space as crustal plates shuffled around. “The discovery has important implications for early Earth,” says Simon Wilde, a geologist at Curtin University in Perth, Australia.

But Tarduno’s team might not be able to look much further into the past. The oldest Australian zircons, which date to 4.4 billion years ago, contain a limited and confusing magnetic record. Instead, researchers may focus on broadening their knowledge of conditions on the ancient Earth, rather than trying to determine whether its magnetic field existed more than 4.2 billion years ago.

“There’s this tremendous record between 3.5 billion and 4.2 billion [years] that we really need to explore,” Tarduno says.

{ http://www.scientificamerican.com/ }

06-08-2015 om 23:26 geschreven door peter