The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld Ontdek de Fascinerende Wereld van UFO's en UAP's: Jouw Bron voor Onthullende Informatie!
Ben jij ook gefascineerd door het onbekende? Wil je meer weten over UFO's en UAP's, niet alleen in België, maar over de hele wereld? Dan ben je op de juiste plek!
België: Het Kloppend Hart van UFO-onderzoek
In België is BUFON (Belgisch UFO-Netwerk) dé autoriteit op het gebied van UFO-onderzoek. Voor betrouwbare en objectieve informatie over deze intrigerende fenomenen, bezoek je zeker onze Facebook-pagina en deze blog. Maar dat is nog niet alles! Ontdek ook het Belgisch UFO-meldpunt en Caelestia, twee organisaties die diepgaand onderzoek verrichten, al zijn ze soms kritisch of sceptisch.
Nederland: Een Schat aan Informatie
Voor onze Nederlandse buren is er de schitterende website www.ufowijzer.nl, beheerd door Paul Harmans. Deze site biedt een schat aan informatie en artikelen die je niet wilt missen!
Internationaal: MUFON - De Wereldwijde Autoriteit
Neem ook een kijkje bij MUFON (Mutual UFO Network Inc.), een gerenommeerde Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in de VS en wereldwijd. MUFON is toegewijd aan de wetenschappelijke en analytische studie van het UFO-fenomeen, en hun maandelijkse tijdschrift, The MUFON UFO-Journal, is een must-read voor elke UFO-enthousiasteling. Bezoek hun website op www.mufon.com voor meer informatie.
Samenwerking en Toekomstvisie
Sinds 1 februari 2020 is Pieter niet alleen ex-president van BUFON, maar ook de voormalige nationale directeur van MUFON in Vlaanderen en Nederland. Dit creëert een sterke samenwerking met de Franse MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP, wat ons in staat stelt om nog meer waardevolle inzichten te delen.
Let op: Nepprofielen en Nieuwe Groeperingen
Pas op voor een nieuwe groepering die zich ook BUFON noemt, maar geen enkele connectie heeft met onze gevestigde organisatie. Hoewel zij de naam geregistreerd hebben, kunnen ze het rijke verleden en de expertise van onze groep niet evenaren. We wensen hen veel succes, maar we blijven de autoriteit in UFO-onderzoek!
Blijf Op De Hoogte!
Wil jij de laatste nieuwtjes over UFO's, ruimtevaart, archeologie, en meer? Volg ons dan en duik samen met ons in de fascinerende wereld van het onbekende! Sluit je aan bij de gemeenschap van nieuwsgierige geesten die net als jij verlangen naar antwoorden en avonturen in de sterren!
Heb je vragen of wil je meer weten? Aarzel dan niet om contact met ons op te nemen! Samen ontrafelen we het mysterie van de lucht en daarbuiten.
19-01-2018
Top secret files reveal probe into UFO spotted near Blackpool’s Central Pier.
Top secret files reveal probe into UFO spotted near Blackpool’s Central Pier.
This 'UFO', taken close to Blackpool's Central Pier, was investigated by the military, but deemed to be a kite
MICHAEL HOLMES
Military top brass were called in to investigate pictures of UFOs taken by a holidaymaker in Blackpool.
But after looking for signs of ET, they dismissed the photographs as a close encounter of the BIRD kind.
This 'UFO', taken close to Blackpool's Central Pier, was investigated by the military, but deemed to be a seagull
Details of the sighting were released by the Ministry of Defence (MoD) after it declassified large swathes of its top secret dossier on UFOs.
The three snapshots were sent to the RAF’s Air Command unit by a tourist, who said: “I have recently downloaded some photos ... which upon closer inspection revealed some aircraft which I could not identify at the time [or] could hear or see.”
But after being scrutinised, internal documents revealed experts didn’t believe the ‘aircraft’ came from another world.
“Everyone who has seen them think that two of the photos look like stunt kites that have broken loose from their control strings, or perhaps we cannot quite see the attached strings in the photos,” an email from a wing commander, whose name was redacted, said.
This 'UFO', taken close to Blackpool's Central Pier, was investigated by the military, but deemed to be a kite
“That would explain the lack of noise reported by the photographer. The third looks like a seagull head on.”
But they added: “However, clearly without being there we can’t be definitive.
” The air force said no manaoeuvres were taking place in Blackpool at the time and date, 2.51pm on Friday, October 3, 2008, the pictures were taken close to Central Pier.
UFO expert Dr David Clarke previously told the BBC he didn’t believe the MoD’s files contained ‘any solid evidence we have been visited by intelligent life’. He said: “The vast majority of reports are ordinary things seen in extraordinary situations. So many things can be interpreted as unusual, you’ve got to eliminate all that noise and see what’s left.
” The 'UFOs' were later deemed to be a kite and seagull (Picture: Morgan Byrne)
He continued: “There are many good examples of puzzling things, for example seen on radar by the military, that need investigating.”
Deux OVNI rectangulaires filmés au-dessus du Pôle Nord
Deux OVNI rectangulaires filmés au-dessus du Pôle Nord
Une étonnante et inexplicable vidéo a été récemment mise en ligne. Ces images nous montrent deux objets non identifiés et de forme oblong se déplaçant au-dessus de l'atmosphère terrestre. Certains l'ont saluée comme « la meilleure séquence d'OVNIS qui soit ».
Cette vidéo a été publiée sur YouTube par Jeffrey Boyd Jr sous le titre « La NASA repère deux OVNI ». Lorsque la caméra zoome sur ces incroyables engins et commence à les suivre, on remarque qu'ils sont parfaitement rectangulaire et de couleur sombre.
Ces OVNI ont été filmés par l'agence spatiale Américaine alors qu'ils traversaient le Pôle Nord. Fait rare, ces images sont d'une grande qualité, si bien qu'il paraît être même possible de distinguer des fenêtres !
Beaucoup d'internautes ont été littéralement stupéfaits par cette affaire.
L'un d'entre eux a posté hier : « Sices images sont véridiques, c'est la meilleure vidéojamais publiéejusqu'ici. »
La chaîne YouTube « The Strange » était également en admiration devant de telles preuves :
« Si vous avez des doutes sur les OVNIS, regardez ces imagesde laNASA.Elles nous révèlentdeux objets volants non identifiés,en haute-définition! »
« Ce n'est pas une blague ou un canular. »
« Regardez ces images avant qu'elles nedisparaissent! »
Certains ont fait remarquer que ces OVNI ressemblaient à l'étrange engin en forme de cube observé dans l’État du Texas au début de l'année 2017.
Scott Brando est un démistificateur dans le domaine de l'ufologie et qui dirige le site Web ufoofinterest.org s'est intéressé à cette affaire.
Pour lui, ces deux objets seraient deux satellites de la mission GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) de la NASA qui ont été envoyés en orbite pour surveiller les changements climatiques. Afin d'étayer ses dires, il pense avoir retrouvé la vidéo originale.
LA NASA A-T-ELLE ACCIDENTELLEMENT FILMÉ LA MEILLEURE OBSERVATION D'OVNI?
LA NASA A-T-ELLE ACCIDENTELLEMENT FILMÉ LA MEILLEURE OBSERVATION D'OVNI?
Dans les images vidéo, un objet mystérieux - avec un design particulier en forme de plaque - semble quitter l'atmosphère de la Terre provoquant un débat massif dans les réseaux sociaux. Qui était? Véhicule extraterrestre? Ordures spatiales? Certains sont convaincus que c'est la dernière preuve que la Terre est visitée par des êtres extraterrestres, tandis que d'autres restent sceptiques.
Depuis la vidéo sur YouTube a grimpé, il a suscité beaucoup de controverse tant parmi ceux qui soutiennent l'idée qu'il pourrait être un objet extra-terrestre, parmi ceux qui sont assez sceptiques sur le sujet, et comme une plaisanterie suggèrent que « les ovnis envisagent d'entrer dans notre espace aérien devrait s'enregistrer et payer des impôts. "
La vérité est que dans de nombreux cas, seuls des fragments de vidéos sont libérés dans lesquels ces objets mystérieux sont visibles. Cependant, le fait que la NASA interrompre ses émissions en direct est ce qui suscite plus de méfiance parmi ceux qui sont désireux de trouver de nouvelles preuves de l'existence de la vie extraterrestre, les ovnis et la façon dont nous faisons tous partie d'un complot massif . AVEZ-VOUS TOUJOURS VISITÉ LA TERRE?
"Les êtres intelligents des autres systèmes d'étoiles visitent et visitent notre planète Terre. Ils sont connus de diverses manières en tant que Visiteurs, Autres, Gens d'Etoiles, Et, etc. ... Ils visitent la Terre maintenant; Ce n'est pas une question de conjecture ou de pensées mélancoliques. "- Theodor C. Loder III, Ph.D., professeur émérite des sciences de la Terre, Université du New Hampshire.
One question keeps popping up, though: Who will build homes for the colonists?
It turns out the German Aerospace Center (part of the Institute for Roboticsand Mechatronics) has been working on this question for several years, and their answer is "a six-foot-tall robot named Justin."
Justin (also known by its full name, 'Rollin' Justin') is a four-fingered bot on wheels designed to help with household tasks, as well as construction and maintenance.According to the official website:
"Rollin' Justin's compliant light-weight arms and four-finger hands make it an ideal platform for research into sensitive, ambidextrous manipulation. The mobile base allows autonomous operation over a long range. Motion detection sensors and stereo cameras enable 3D reconstruction of the robot's environment. Unstructured, variable and dynamic environments require the robot to act independently and without human support. On the other hand, the robot must be able to work safely with people. Its multiple actuated degrees of freedom allow Rollin' Justin to pursue several goals at the same time..."
Because Justin is equipped with remarkably advanced AI, it can carry out tasks without human supervision—meaning that even if communications are cut, Justin will keep working.
Here he is in action:
Of course, there are alternatives to building permanent homes with the help of robots like Justin.
One of the major downsides of having a robotic workforce (or a 3-D-printed house) is that the machinery has a strong likelihood of breaking down in the Martian environment, meaning more resources and machinery will be needed to repair it all. Sci-fi writer Morgan Gendel came up with a different strategy: inflatable Mars habitats.
Whatever strategy wins the race to build homes on Mars, we just hope the colonists don't go space-crazy on the way there.
Boeing's Hypersonic Plane Design Travels at 5 Times the Speed of Sound
Boeing's Hypersonic Plane Design Travels at 5 Times the Speed of Sound
Matthew Loffhagen
Boeing
The world is about to get a lot smaller, as a major aerospace company makes a move towards creating superfast air travel.
Boeing's "Son of Blackbird", designed as a successor to the SR-71-Blackbird, isn't a reality just yet, but early concept designs for the plane suggest that it could reach speeds of up to Mach Five, or 3,836 miles per hour. To put this into context, the original Blackbird is capable of 2,200 mph, while the average commercial jet will only make it to around 560 mph.
Flying at Mach Five isn't a big deal - plane prototypes have managed it before. The big challenge is actually getting a plane up to that speed, and then decelerating afterwards so that it can land safely. In the words of Boeing's chief scientist for hypersonics, Kevin Bowcutt, who said the following to Aviation Week:
"It’s a really hard problem to develop an aircraft that takes off and accelerates through Mach 1 all the way to Mach 5 and beyond."
A previous test saw a plane prototype achieve Mach 5.1 for a period of a few minutes, but it only achieved this speed by being launched, like a giant rocket, out of another aircraft. Even then, the prototype quickly ran out of fuel and crashed into the ocean, suggesting that this may not be the safest way to travel just yet.
Even so, Boeing seems keen to take their initial concept design and turn it into something a little more concrete, and given the company's track record for very quickly turning design briefs into prototypes, it's worth assuming that they'll manage this sooner, rather than later.
As with other ongoing Boeing endeavors, there's an element of pressure to getting aircraft up to reliably hypersonic speeds - plenty of other companies, and even NASA, are also working on improving planes so that they're able to fly faster, thanks to developments in nanotube technology and other new ways of speeding things up while aircraft are in the sky.
While the Son of Blackbird is intended as a military plane, it's worth assuming that before long, much of this new technology will also filter down into Boeing's other creations. Ideally, we'll see hypersonic planes becoming the norm for civilian passenger flights and cargo shipments, meaning that getting from one side of the world to the other could become a lot easier and quicker.
Hopefully, this will mean that we'll all be able to travel the globe (and beyond) with greater speed, and it'll be a lot less time consuming to ship items from one country to another. While this new technology will probably be incredibly expensive at first, eventually it'll make sense for airlines to offer competitive prices for customers, as faster speeds become the norm, rather than the exception, in air travel.
We're still no closer to solid teleportation, but if a four hour flight can become just an hour or two in the air, everybody wins - so long as these changes in air travel are also offset by better fuel solutions that are less harmful for the environment. The carbon footprint for airplanes is bad enough as it is.
If you've always wanted to visit a distant part of the world, but you don't want to have to sit on a plane for a full eighteen hours, it might be worth keeping an eye on what Boeing is up to.
Mysterious booms shaking houses… Strange sounds in the sky… What the heck in going on in our sky in underground?
Strange Trumpet Sounds from Sky in Texas on January 8, 2018
Strange sounds from the sky. U.K on January 15, 2018
Strange Sounds in the sky of Regina, Canada on January 2, 2018
A mystery loud boom shocked and panicked residents after a suspected thunder storm roared through Merseyside, UK on January 15, 2018. Although the sound was heard around Merseyside, most reports centred around the Wallasey area. A resident reports: ‘All of my neighbours were out of their houses trying to figure out what it was. They thought there had been an explosion.‘
There have been multiple reports of a loud “boom” and the ground shaking in the Midland Valley area of Aiken County in South Carolina on January 8, 2018… But no earthquakes were reported on the USGS website.
mystery booms around the world in January 2018
Out of nowhere, just this pow. Just this huge explosion… A mysterious “boom” rattled North Oak Cliff, North Texas on January 11, 2018 and residents have no idea what exactly it was or what it could mean. The explosive noise was heard around 8:34 p.m.. Some reported seeing a flash first, then the loud noise.
Residents of Fannin and Gilmer counties in Georgia were trying to find the source of what is being described as a loud explosion. The boom that took place had enough force that some residents were reporting their homes shaking from the blast.
Strange Sounds in the sky in January 2018
A mystery boom shook houses in Pewamo, Michigan on January 1, 2018 at about 4 p.m. Reports came from all over northeast Ionia County from Carson City, down to Westphalia, Lyons, Muir. So far, there are no definitive answers as to what caused it. Speculation ranged from someone playing with dynamite to an earthquake to an attack by North Korea. Another explanation could be that the sound came from a frost quake.
In the YouTube clip, the camera follows the objects as they shoot along together, before zooming in on to one of them for a close up view.
Jeffrey Boyd Jr, who posted the video, entitled the startling clip "NASA sat two UFOs! Close ups, Wtf is this?"
In a blurb for the video he said: "NASA sat feed catches two objects, UFOs? "Cruising from North Pole! Closeup! Great resolution, very clear. Has windows? What is this?"
Some YouTube viewers were stunned.
One posted yesterday: "If this is legit, it's the best footage out there so far. Impressive."
YouTube
HIGH DEF: The cubes were described as the 'best UFO footage' ever.
If this is legit, it's the best footage out there so far. Impressive.
YouTube poster
Another said: "Wow, just wow."
Beyond The Strange YouTube channel was also in awe.
A message posted on the site read: "If you have any doubts about UFO's watch this NASA footage of two Unidentified Flying Objects on the screen, in Hi-Def!
One poster was so amazed, he said it had to be fake.
He said: "I can tell you right now that's fake... anyone can tell."
However, before people start thinking it is proof of the infamous "cube UFO over Texas," the truth of the matter can be revealed.
Many suspected UFO sightings have legitimate explanations such as blurred birds, balloons, out of focus planets, lens flares, or as in this case satellites.
YouTube
This 'cube UFO' said to have been filmed over El Paso, Texas, was exposed as a fake.
Scott Brando is a UFO debunker who runs website ufoofinterest.org.
He recognised the objects as two satellites from the NASA GRACE mission (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment), which were sent into orbitto monitor climate change.
He also found the original NASA video that the clip was recorded from confirming what they were.
With the hashtags hoax and fake news, Mr Brando tweeted: "This video shared on #YouTube is easily explained: those objects are twins satellites from #NASA GRACE mission (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment)."
The footage was captured from a plane window during a flight in the United States which reportedly passed above the infamous Nevada base.
We see what looks like bright lights piercing through the clouds as the plane travels above them.
There seems to be two separate objects visible and they flash their lights before disappearing.
According to witnesses, the plane had to change course to avoid the unknown phenomenon.
SG/YOUTUBE
UFO? The strange lights were captured above Area 51
The footage was captured during the closing stages of a journey from Wisconsin to Los Angeles.
The popular flight route passes close to the notorious Homey Airport, commonly referred to as Area 51.
A witness said: “Saw this 30 minutes before we landed. My guess was we were near Area 51.
“The lights grabbed the attention of everyone onboard. It was fairly cloudy and these lights would pierce the clouds even when we were in them deeply.
“I figured a reflection from solar panels at first. But the blinking was synchronised and penetrating.
“Shortly after we became parallel to the lights, which appeared to be below us or near the ground, the pilot turned away to put distance between us.
“He then re-altered course after a while. To me it seemed like a correction to resume but we were 30 minutes from landing so I'm not sure.
“The video you see is towards the end of the sighting as the plane moves away after the course correction.”
Area 51 is a highly classified remote airforce, which is rumoured to be involved in futuristic spacecraft development and alien testing by conspiracy theorists.
Updated | Conspiracy site UFO Sightings Daily has already been quite busy in 2018, announcing that recent NASA photos of the surface of Mars have provided evidence of seashells along with numerous alien structures and statues including an Egyptian sphinx. Since a number of tabloids and conspiracy-friendly destinations around the internet have gleefully begun spreading the good word, let's take a moment to set the scientific record straight.
"I found evidence of an ancient ocean today," wrote Scott C. Waring, UFO Sightings Daily's proprietor, before describing the physical attributes of the purported seashells. "This is not the first time a seashell has been found on Mars, but closer to being the 15th time. Just go to google, and search Seashell on Mars. It will surprise you."
This is the point at which you may imagine a narrator voiceover telling you, in a grave voice, that it will not surprise you. A current Google search for such seashells shows (aside from the recent flurry of news spawned by Waring's new announcement) that people have indeed been claiming to see them on Mars for some time.
The most concise explanation for this is that Mars is a giant rock, on the surface of which sits a high volume of tiny rocks; so way more than 15 of them are likely going to look sort of like seashells. Last year, after U.S. Representative Dana Rohrabacher, a Republican from California, asked members of a NASA panel to comment on whether there were ancient civilizations on Mars's surface, NASA project scientist Ken Farley diplomatically stated that there was no such evidence, and that its existence would be "extremely unlikely."
There is indeed evidence of an ancient ocean on Mars, but Waring was not the one who found it. NASA scientists announced in 2015 that a liquid ocean had once covered nearly one-fifth of the Red Planet's northern hemisphere—meaning it contained more water than the Earth's own Arctic Ocean. The presence of liquid water on the Red Planet is one of the factors that makes it among the most promising places in our solar system to search for signs of microscopic life, according to NASA.
"The evidence of alien life is in most photos of Mars and other planets, but the work must be put in to find the details," Waring wrote. On that one, we might be able to agree.
Waring, who once claimed on his site that an "ancient head" had been found on Mars resembling then-President Barack Obama's (I mean, see for yourself, but suffice it to say it does not) mysteriously shut down his site for a period of 2017, according to the Houston Chronicle. However, he returned shortly after and has been going about business as usual for some time now.
“Don't those all just look like rocks to you?” NASA representative Guy Webster told Newsweek via email in response to a request for comment on the claims. “They do to me. It can be fun to point out 'faces,' 'statues,' 'seashells' and other shapes in rocks that were sculpted by erosion...The hundreds of thousands of raw images made easily available to the public from America's Mars rovers give plenty of opportunity for people who like to do so.”
The scientific name for the common phenomenon of seeing shapes and designs where there are none is pareidolia. Our brains see a blank canvas, like clouds or tea leaves or the surface of the moon or Mars, and autocomplete with imagery that is familiar to us to help make sense of them. Understandably, it’s something that comes up with NASA photos quite a lot.
This article has been updated with a comment from NASA.
What has the U.S. government been hiding about UFOs?
What has the U.S. government been hiding about UFOs?
Dom Armentano
The mystery into whether or not we’re alone in the universe has been a constant question for over 6 decades and it looks like the Defense Department wanted some answers. For more on the story here is Zachary Devita. Buzz60
(Photo: CONTRIBUTED PHOTO)
On Dec. 16, three experienced journalists posted a bombshell story on the New York Times website: The Pentagon had authorized a secret research project (2007-2012) to study unidentified flying objects.
Even more importantly, Luis Elizondo, the Pentagon project coordinator and a career intelligence officer, later asserted that in his opinion some UFOs were real objects and appeared to demonstrate a technology that the U.S. did not have and did not understand. To highlight that point, the Pentagon also released “gun camera” film of a Navy pilot’s 2004 close encounter with an objectthat displayed wildly unconventional flight characteristics.
The mainstream media was caught completely off guard by the sensational Pentagon revelations, although they should not have been. Some breathlessly opined that never before had a U.S. intelligence agency acknowledged UFOs were solid objects that defied conventional explanation. Well, not exactly. While that assertion is true in some narrow sense, the belief that the U.S. intelligence community had been unaware of the exotic nature of UFOs until the recent Pentagon study is just totally bogus.
In point of fact, they have known about the unconventional nature of the phenomenon for decades and have chosen to hide the bulk of that information (dozens of military gun camera films, for example) from Congress and especially from the American people.
Contrary to the media coverage of the Pentagon story, the U.S. defense and intelligence communities actually have known about the exotic nature of UFOs since at least 1947. There exists, for example, a once-secret document (dated Sept. 23, 1947) written by Gen. Nathan Twining (Air Material Command) that acknowledges reported flying discs “are real and not visionary or fictitious” and that the discs “must be considered evasive when sighted ... which lends belief to the possibility that some of the objects are (intelligently) controlled.”
And since the U.S. military had dozens of reports from experienced military pilots and FAA controllers and ground personnel that the discs could hover, turn on a dime and then accelerate at incredible speeds — unlike any technology that existed then or now — it was implicit even in 1947 that these flying objects were not ours.
In short, the deep intelligence state has known for at least 70 years that some UFOs were real; yet it has chosen to keep the information in support of that conclusion either confidential or simply denied that it even existed. But a decades-long public policy of secrecy and denial on a subject as important and mind-bending as UFOs is foolish and dangerous in the extreme and puts our entire democratic process at risk.
If any of this commentary sounds familiar, it should since I first raised these issues in a series of articles published by TCPalm in 2008. In those articles, I pointed out there was substantial evidence gathered over many decades that some UFOs were likely extraterrestrial; the intelligence community was withholding that information; and the reasons for the secrecy likely related to fears of a public panic or to national security concerns since many important UFO sightings had occurred in the vicinity of U.S. defense installations and nuclear weapon storage facilities.
Despite any possible national security concerns, several prominent public figures, most notably Hillary Clinton, have called for more increased transparency on the subject of UFOs. Curiously, my call for disclosure in 2008 went over like a lead balloon. Most of my professional colleagues in law and economics thought I had lost my mind (even though I had studied the phenomenon for almost 40 years); and the Cato Institute abruptly ended its 20 year affiliation with me (as an adjunct scholar) one day after my first UFO article appeared. So much for courage and open inquiry in the academy.
The good news is these perverse attitudes are changing somewhat. The New York Times' Pentagon project revelations have created an important opportunity for more serious media coverage of past and current government UFO research. We must take advantage of that opportunity now and push for open Congressional hearings and full disclosure.
Dom Armentano is professor emeritus in economics at the University of Hartford (Connecticut). He lives in Vero Beach.
A bright meteor briefly swept across the sky over parts of the U.S. Midwest and Canada on Tuesday, weather and geology agencies said, and then caused a powerful explosion that rattled homes and onlookers.
The meteor was seen across the region in places such as Ohio, Michigan and Ontario at about 8 p.m. local time and registered a 2.0 magnitude tremor about 4 miles (7 km) east of Saint Clair Shores in Eastern Michigan, the United States Geological Survey said on its website.
The meteor occurred at 8:10 p.m. CST and caused a 2.0 magnitude earthquake, officials with the @NWS wrote in an alert. The American Meteor Society has received 399 sightings of the brilliant fireball. Take a look at some of those sightings: https://buff.ly/2DrngTl
The meteor sighting lit up social media with people posting videos and reaction.
“I can’t believe there was a Meteor! It shook our house and made a large bang! We thought someone hit our house,” Twitter user Jennifer Wilson said in a post.
“I thought for sure I was either seeing the alien invasion or the apocalypse. It’s awesome in retrospect, freaky … in real time,” said a Twitter user who goes by the name Crash.
Recommended Video:
Thrilling GoPro journey down a deep well to check out reports of limestone caves
The mystery of three recent earth-shaking explosions in Russia, Dallas and the U.S. Midwest is not their cause – even diehard skeptics are calling them meteors or bolides. What’s mysterious is why such unusually violent and visible space rock events occurred in a space of just nine days. Where is NASA’s meteor alert team? Are we in the middle of an undiscovered meteor shower? Should we expect more? Does Home Depot sell meteor-proof sheds?
On the night of January 7th, 2018, a deep blue light crossed over the heavily-populated, southwestern Russia republics of Bashkortostan, Udmurtia, and Tatarstanin. As is the case in Russia, the incident was picked up on dash cams, showing the darkness change briefly to light as the blue flash passed overhead. The Siberian Times reports the usual denials of manmade responsibly by the Russian military and space program, which are plausible since few if any witnesses reported hearing an explosion or any other sound. Astronomers disagreed on possible causes, with Yuri Nefefyev of the Engelhardt Astronomical Observatory blaming atmospheric electricity, while Sergey Golovkin of the Kazan Federal University Physics Institute speculating it was a bolide that burned up completely in the atmosphere and never hit land. Plenty of pictures … no explanations. That sounds like Russia.
But not Dallas where, on January 12th at around 8:34 pm, a huge boom was heard, with some witnesses reporting a bright flash first and the feeling of percussion afterwards. While there were just a few security cameras catching the event, the video was enough to convince astronomer Ron DiIulio from the University of North Texas that it was either a meteorite or a piece of space debris. Based on the flash and the sound of the sonic boom, Dilulio figured the ‘thing’ was about the size of a grapefruit … far smaller than whatever passed over those Russian republics.
It was probably far smaller than whatever it was that passed over southeastern Michigan on January 16th shortly after 8 pm. Reports of the flash came in to the American Meteor Societyfrom Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Pennsylvania and Ontario, Canada, but the object appears to have hit the atmosphere and broken apart over New Haven, Michigan. While NASA’s Meteoroid Environment Office estimated the asteroid to be no more than two yards in diameter when it began breaking up. At least one piece landed in Livingston County, with either the impact or the sonic boom registering as a magnitude 2.0 earthquake.
Three large, multi-witness, explosion-causing meteorites in different parts of the world over a nine-day period. Could they be related? There’s no known meteor shower underway that could have caused them. While the events seem huge to the witnesses, these space rocks were too small to be picked up by the various early warning systems. The old Chinese space station hasn’t dipped low enough to cause any of these. Is it just coincidence or could it be something else?
Should we be worried about this increase in the frequency of large meteorites? With the frequency of incoming missile false alarms lately, the answer is obvious.
DANKZIJ A1 SPREEKT JE HOND OF JE KAT BINNEN 10 JAAR NEDERLANDS ( VIDEO )
DANKZIJ A1 SPREEKT JE HOND OF JE KAT BINNEN 10 JAAR NEDERLANDS ( VIDEO )
Een huisdier zoals een kat of een hond kan meestal heel goed duidelijk maken aan het baasje wat het wil of dat er iets aan de hand is.
Wij nemen aan dat wij weten wat ze bedoelen, maar binnen tien jaar hoeven we daar niet meer aan te twijfelen, want het dier vertelt het ons gewoon in het Nederlands.
De meeste mensen die een hond hebben, begrijpen meestal wat hun dier wil duidelijk maken, maar ze hebben het dier nog nooit Nederlands of Engels horen praten. Want, dan zouden er misschien wel heel verrassende dingen hoorbaar kunnen zijn.
We hebben het regelmatig over de zogenaamde predictive programming van Hollywood, waarbij zij de toekomst in allerlei speelfilms of televisieseries aan ons duidelijk maken.
In dit kader zou het kunnen dat ze ons begin jaren zestig van de vorige eeuw al aan het voorbereiden waren op normaal Engels of Nederlands sprekende dieren met de beroemde Mr. Ed, het sprekende paard.
Het team dat daar werkt, denkt nog ongeveer tien jaar nodig te hebben om met AI (Artificial Intelligence) in staat te zijn om het geblaf van een hond of het miauwen van een kat om te zetten in mensentaal, eerst in het Engels. Als dat eenmaal een feit is, dan zullen er uiteraard ook heel snel versies komen in het Nederlands. Of anders heb je een hond of een kat met ondertiteling.
Er wordt aan de universiteit nu gewerkt met de geluiden die een zogenaamde prairiehond maakt. Dit is geen echte hond, want hij behoort tot de familie van de eekhoorns.
Prairiehonden (Cynomys) zijn een geslacht van op en onder de grond levende knaagdieren uit de familie eekhoorns (Sciuridae). Ze komen voor op de prairies van Noord-Amerika.
De dieren kunnen ongeveer 40 cm lang worden en wegen tussen de 1 en 4 kilo. In gevangenschap kunnen ze 8 à 10 jaar oud worden met uitschieters naar 12 jaar. Vers gras is het meest gebruikte voedsel. De naam heeft het dier te danken aan het scherpe geblaf dat het laat horen.
Prairiehonden zijn sociale dieren, die in meerdere familiegroepen samen in één gebied wonen: een zogenaamd prairiehondendorp. Deze dorpen bevinden zich onder de grond, waarbij elke familie zijn eigen ingang heeft met meerdere kamers.
De reden dat deze dieren zijn uitgekozen om mee te werken, is omdat ze een unieke manier van communiceren hebben en dan in het bijzonder wanneer ze elkaar waarschuwen voor een dreiging. Deze dieren kunnen een luid alarmgeluid voortbrengen dat klinkt als het blaffen van een hond. Dit soort geblaf is zo gedetailleerd dat het zelfs de kleinste details weergeeft over het soort bedreiging.
Professor Slobodchikoff heeft het gedrag en geluid van deze dieren inmiddels 30 jaar lang bestudeerd en zegt dat ze door dat onderzoek binnenkort in staat zullen zijn om te begrijpen wat honden en katten proberen te zeggen.
Dit alles zal dan worden ingebracht in een apparaatje dat volgens William Higham, een onderzoeker bij Amazon, binnen tien jaar beschikbaar zal zijn voor het grote publiek. Ze verwachten hiervoor bij Amazon een enorme markt omdat huisdieren natuurlijk een wereldwijd begrip zijn.
Volgens de professor kan het apparaat door de eigenaar van het dier zodanig worden ingesteld/bijgesteld dat er ook geantwoord kan worden op het praten van de kat of de hond.
Het grote voordeel is dan natuurlijk dat we nu denken te begrijpen wat het dier ons wil duidelijk maken, maar met behulp van een dergelijk apparaatje weet je zeker wat wordt bedoeld. Dat zou natuurlijk van belang zijn wanneer het dier iets mankeert en het dit duidelijk wil maken.
Volgens professor Slobodchikoff kan zijn uitvinding ook een belangrijke rol spelen bij dieren met gedragsproblemen.
Maar, niet alle dieren hebben een dergelijk apparaatje nodig, zoals de hond in onderstaande video.
What are these rays of energy beamed down lightning the ground in Michigan?
What are these rays of energy beamed down lightning the ground in Michigan?
At exactly the same time a meteor flashed through the sky in Michigan, the United States Geological Survey reported a 2.0 magnitude earthquake at 8:09 p.m. January 16, 2018.
The mean stream media will have you to believe it was a meteor, but images taken at the moment of the “meteor” event showing something else what seems to be a precise ray of energy beamed down lighting the ground on fire and so far I know a meteor cannot fell at a perfect 90 degrees angle says investigator Jeffery Pritchett.
Not only it seems like two separate incidents have happened on the same day, the meteor did not caused the 2.0 magnitude earthquake, said William Yeck, a research geophysicist at the US Geological Survey's National Earthquake Information Center in Golden, Colorado. A meteor that explodes in the sky can be explained, (if it was a meteor) but a 2.0 magnitude earthquake and rays of energy beams is something that seems impossible to happen at the same time.
There’s a lot of discussion going on what might have been the rays of energy beams in particular. Was it just the meteor, an energy weapon or it has something to do with an upcoming space war?
Or could it be, according to a mind-bending new Aerospace Defence Forces (ADF) report that circulated in the Kremlin two days ago and says that no known modern scientific explanation can be found as to why one of the oldest discovered comets in our solar system, named 41P/Tuttle-Giacobini-Kresák, has mysteriously slowed down to a near stop and began “firing” at Earth with its first “electrical discharge strike”(commonly known as the “Electric Universe Theory”) occurring on 7 January over vast regions of Eastern Russia turning the night sky electric blue and shaking the ground, its then striking Texas, on 10 January, turning the night sky to daylight and shaking the ground and, on 16 January, striking large regions of the United States—most particularly in Michigan.
Researchers in Mexico find the largest underwater archaeological site in the world
Researchers in Mexico find the largest underwater archaeological site in the world
Rejoice archaeology, fans researchers in Mexico have discovered what is considered the largest underwater archaeological site on the planet.
One of the lesser-known corners of the Mayan underworld has finally come to light.
The most extensive system of flooded caves ever recorded has been discovered in Tulum, in the Mexican Riviera Maya.
Some of the artifacts discovered by divers.
A group of explorers of the Mayan Great Aquifer project has found that the Sac Actún and Dos Ojos systems are connected, which has opened a new passage in an underground labyrinth that measures about 347 kilometers. The researchers have found hundreds of archeological objects that show a robust Mayan culture presence in the region, as well as extinct animals.
“This immense cave system represents the most important submerged archaeological site in the world,” says Guillermo de Anda, specialist of the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH) and director of the research.
The cenotes (from the Maya word dzonoot), as the immense natural pits, sinkholes or eyes of water are referred to in Mexico, occupied a central place in the Mayan cosmogony.
They were revered as the underworld and the third level of the Mayan universe, after heaven and earth, but without a negative connotation like hell in Christianity.
The ancient Maya considered this a ‘very powerful, magical region, where the supernatural reigns, where the gods and deities lived, where good and bad coexist, and it was also where men came from,’ says De Anda.
The cenotes were, in the words of the researcher, “the main stage of the myth of creation” of that civilization, which extended from the southeast of Mexico to Honduras and El Salvador.
Furthermore, the findings give an account of that mystical sense.
The massive underwater cave system is a treasure trove containing the history of the Yucatan Peninsula.
Researchers found remains of Mayan pottery vessels, objects that date back to colonial times and funerary or sacrificial contexts, which researchers are still analyzing.
There were also human remains and a large number of animals such as giant sloths, bears, tigers and ancient horses.
“It is a time tunnel, which transports us into a time 12,000 and 10,000 years ago,” says De Anda.
The difficult access to the cenotes has helped that the archaeological materials are preserved in optimal conditions for their study, without alterations or wear by the contact of men.
Researchers at the Great Maya Aquifer needed ten months to decipher the connection between the two flooded cave systems, which they have described as an “intense” work season that began in March of last year.
Some members of the team, such as head diver Robert Schmittner, have spent more than 20 years scouring the underwater galleries and 14 years looking for the connection between the great caverns.
“We had come very close before, we were once a meter away from connecting both systems,” says Schmittner.
“It was like walking the veins of a body, a labyrinth of paths that joined and separated and we had to be very careful,” the diver added while speaking about the water passages, which in some cases were only one meter deep, having also deeper parts reaching 120 meters underground.
Historic discovery. Image credit: Reuters.
The discovery was made on January 10 and being united; the “new” system has adopted the name of Sac Actún (from the Maya ‘white cave’), the larger of the two and the Dos Ojos system has ceased to exist.
Sac Actún was until a couple of days ago the second largest system of cenotes, behind Ox Bel Ha that translates into Spanish as three waterways, which measures about 270 kilometers and is also located in the Riviera Maya.
Despite the finding, the researchers continue exploring the connections of Sac Actún with two other underground systems.
It is estimated that only in the north of Quintana Roo, in the Yucatan Peninsula, there are 1,400 underground kilometers of fresh water, spread over 358 systems, according to the speleological survey of the southern Mexican state. The next steps are the analysis of groundwater and the study of diversity, as well as the adoption of measures to help conserve the site.
Scientists to use robots to look inside the hidden, never-before-seen chamber in the Great Pyramid
Scientists to use robots to look inside the hidden, never-before-seen chamber in the Great Pyramid
With the help of small robots, scientists will try to decipher what secrets are hidden inside the cavities recently discovered in the Great Pyramid of Giza. This exploration process will also see scientists irremediably damage a fraction of the Great Pyramid of Giza.
Are we on the edge of one of the most important archaeological finds of the century?
Many researchers are convinced we are about to make an unprecedented discovery inside the Pyramid, one that may shed light on the real reason the great Pyramids was built in the first place.
This is the ‘Great Void’ inside the Great Pyramid which may hide a mystery throne made of Alien material.
Using muon detectors and thermal scanning, the ScanPyramid project reported the discovery of two previously unknown cavities within the Great Pyramid in November of 2017.
The largest cavity is at least 30 meters long and is located on the giant corridor (Grand Gallery) that extends to the king’s chamber. The smaller cavity, on the other hand, is located behind the north face of the pyramid and consists of a corridor whose length is uncertain.
Now, researchers plan to carry out more tests with muon detectors and are developing robots, miniature robots, that will have the ability to look inside the cavities by means of high-resolution cameras.
Currently little or nothing is known about the cavities inside the monument.
When the Pyramid was finished, this is what it may have looked like.
“There is a big difference in whether the shape of the major cavity is horizontal or has an inclination,” said Mehdi Tayoubi, president, and co-founder of the Institute for the Preservation and Innovation of Cultural Heritage, one of the institutions involved in the ScanPyramid project.
“If the cavity is tilted, for example, it could be a corridor similar to the Grand Gallery. But if it is horizontal, then we would be faced with the presence of one or more cameras never explored before.“
“In addition, the smallest cavity, which is presumed to be a passageway, may have been connected to a larger cavity in ancient times,” he added.
Damaging an ancient monument in the name of science
As the new tests with muon detectors begin, another team led by Jean-Baptiste Mouret, a researcher at the French National Institute for Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, will build two robots that will perform an “invasive exploration” of the alleged secret chambers.
According to Mouret, his team will make a small perforation of 3.8 centimeters in circumference to break through and insert the robots into the cavities.
“First we will make a reconnaissance, for this we will send a robot in the form of a tube with a panoramic sweeping camera and lights. The objective is to probe what is on the other side of the wall and obtain high-resolution images.”
“If there is something promising on the other side, then we will extract the recognition robot and insert the explorer robot. For this last ingenuity, we are designing an inflatable airship that is compressed during insertion and inflated remotely once inside the chamber, “explains the French researcher.
“The airship will allow the robot to fly and take pictures more quickly and efficiently, without the need to move on the ground.”
Before the robots begin their work, scientists must gather more data on the dimensions and location of the chambers something that could take more than a year—in order to know where to drill the access hole.
Likewise, the Ministry of Antiquities must give final approval to begin the task that will irremediably damage a tiny fraction of the Great Pyramid.
“We are working hard on the design of the robot to generate as little damage as possible.
We hope to be able to convince the Ministry of Antiquities that this is the right technology for the next step. Meanwhile, we will use the time to test our robots in other places,” concludes Mouret.
Great Pyramid of Egypt Void Update - NEW Exploration Robot Revealed
Richard Emblin, the editor-in-chief of major Columbian newspaper The City Paper, had clicked pictures of a mysterious object hovering in the skies of South America. He apparently believed it was a shape-shifting UFO, but netizens proved him wrong.
Emblin has been at the receiving end of some serious mockery online because after he published the photos, it turned out that what he believed was an extraterrestrial craft was actually just a balloon!
Emblin had clicked three pictures from the balcony of his home. The object seen in the image appears to be in the shape of number "8".
The pictures were then published on the website of his newspaper. The photos left people baffled and even created a stir amid UFO-related websites.
Conspiracy theorists, Ufologists and alien hunters speculated the pictures to be possible evidence about Earth being visited by extraterrestrials.
Some seemed to agree with Emblin. "A shape-shifting UFO has been caught on camera by a newspaper editor in Chile. That doesn't sound like balloons to me," said UFO hunter Tyler Glockner from the YouTube channel secureteam10.
But according to the report by Express.co.uk the Emblin were apparently a child's golden birthday balloon which was shaped in number 8.
"Ever seen a balloon they sell at the graduation/party store with different numbers and letters? This is one of them! Post something credible," one of the commentators was quoted by the Express as saying.
"Aww some poor little eight-year-old lost his birthday balloon," posted another commentator.
"It's a number 'eight' mylar balloon, you can buy silver and gold ones at any party shop. Some kid isn't going to be happy!" said another commentator.
Emblin took umbrage to this. "I take my journalistic ethics very seriously. I do not manipulate my images. On Sunday, April 12 (2015), I stepped out onto my balcony, which faces East, and is located in the Rosales neighbourhood of Bogotá," the Express quoted him as saying.
Emblin is a pilot and also has published articles in TIME, Der Spiegel, and The New York Times. He said the mysterious object he caught on camera is not any kind of plane, hot air balloon flight or drone.
"I know my planes. Up close and at great distances. I know how to distinguish the sound of an Airbus A 340 to a Boeing 777. I have studied flight maps, flight routes and flightaware. I understand these machines. I admire them. There was no fuselage, no winglets, no sound. This was no plane," he said.
"It was very evident to me that this was a UFO. No drone. No Sunday morning balloon flight over a capital in which only official helicopters (police and army) can patrol. I could discern that the object shifted its shape. Could rise and fall quickly, and zip from one end of the city in a matter of seconds.
"The black dot seemed to have rings. It then tilted, shifted to one side, and disappeared."
Fireball Over Michigan: Did Meteor Really Cause an Earthquake?
Fireball Over Michigan: Did Meteor Really Cause an Earthquake?
By Laura Geggel, Senior Writer
The earthshaking rumblings felt in Michigan last night weren't an earthquake, but rather vibrations from a booming noise caused by a meteor whizzing overhead, according to the National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC).
On Tuesday evening (Jan. 16), people in Ohio, Michigan and Ontario, Canada, were treated to the awe-inspiring view of a meteor streaking across the night sky. At 8:09 p.m. local time in southeastern Michigan, hundreds of people reported hearing a loud boom from the meteor and feeling the ground shake, according to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).
"People described it as a booming noise, and that's what the seismometers would have picked up," said John Bellini, a geophysicist at the NEIC in Golden, Colorado. [When Space Attacks: The 6 Craziest Meteor Impacts]
It's not uncommon for non-earthquake vibrations to register on seismometers. For instance, the instruments can record shaking from thunderstorms, heavy construction and even trucks moving on the highway, Bellini said.
A loud boom from a meteor caused the ground to shake in southeastern Michigan. The meteor was recorded here as a bright light.
In this case, the meteor's boom — its sound waves — were recorded as a magnitude-2.0 event on a nearby seismometer located about 5 miles (8 kilometers) southwest of New Haven, Michigan. But this measurement doesn't express how much energy the meteor released as it flew overhead, Bellini said.
"There's no way to translate the actual energy from an air blast into seismometers," Bellini said. "They're not designed to measure vibrations coming from the air."
In fact, given that the event wasn't a real earthquake, "I'm not sure why we even have it up there," he joked. "We just put it out there because we saw reports coming into our system about some vibrations in Michigan."
So far, 330 people have reported feeling the ground shake on the "Did You Feel It?" USGS website.
This "Did You Feel It?" map from the U.S. Geological Survey shows where people felt the ground shake as the meteor flew overhead on Jan. 16.
Credit: U.S. Geological Survey
Earthquakes are extremely rare in Michigan. The USGS has recorded just four earthquakes in the state since 1973, when the agency began measuring earthquakes in Michigan: a magnitude-3.5 earthquake in 1994; a magnitude-2.5 one in 2010; and magnitude-3.3 and magnitude-4.2events in 2015. Two mining explosions also shook the ground as magnitude-2.5 and a magnitude-2.7 events in 2015 and 2016, respectively.
This isn't the first time a meteor or meteorite (a meteor that lands on Earth) has caused the ground to shake. The Chelyabinsk meteor registered as a magnitude-4.2 event when it streaked over Russia on Feb. 15, 2013, according to the USGS.
“Immortality Drive”: A Time Capsule Carrying ‘Immortal DNA’ That’s Safeguarded On The ISS
“Immortality Drive”: A Time Capsule Carrying ‘Immortal DNA’ That’s Safeguarded On The ISS
When Richard Garriott traveled to the ISS in 2008, he decided to carry along the so-called ‘immortality drive,’ a microchip specifically designed to function as a futuristic time capsule should a catastrophic event happen on Earth. The Immortality drive includes a list of some of humanity’s greatest achievements; as well as messages and writing from Earth. The time capsule also includes the digitized DNA sequences of countless personalities from Earth, from Professor Stephen Hawking, comedian Stephen Colbert to Garriott himself.
The immortality drive, a futuristic time capsule that will keep our species ‘alive’ in case of a catastrophic event on Earth. That is, of course, someone or something recovers the Immortality Drive before the Space Station comes crashing to Earth due to lack of engine maintenance.
Image Credit: Shutterstock
The natural human impulse of life and subsistence has been shaped through cultures at every moment of history. Evidence of that is our civilization. If we look back at history, from the first cave paintings, o the most advanced scientific research, man has always sought immortality. We looked at the Gods as immortal beings, powerful deities and we’ve always wanted to be like the gods. Immortal. Powerful. Untouchable. Preserved in the universe for an infinite time.
Now, there’s a chance we might actually be preserved as a species for future millennia.
Perhaps the most important point of mankind’s search for immortality is represented by the project “Immortality Drive”, which has created an immortal DNA capable of being stored forever.
The video game designer and pioneer of space tourism, Richard Garriott, developed a microchip that stores the sequenced coding of the DNA of several people, selected for various reasons, but perhaps mainly to function as a backup of the human species, in case of extinction.
The device will act as our species’ time capsule, which will make sure that our history is recorded in the universe, for anyone to find.
The immortality drive, which is basically a large memory device was launched to the international space station on board the Soyuz 1 spacecraft in 2008.
The microchip also contains a copy of George’s Secret Key to the Universe, a children’s book authored by Stephen Hawking and his daughter, Lucy.
Oh but… due to the fact that the Immortality drive is stored on board the ISS, if humanity does go extinct, someone or something would actually have to enter the ISS and recover the drive before the space station goes crashing into Earth due to a lack of engine maintenance.
Among other personalities, the genetic information of Stephen Hawkins is included in the immortality drive. The cosmic time capsule also features Entrepreneurs: • Kevin Rose, founder of Digg, Pownce, and Revision3 • Tim Draper, venture capitalist and viral marketing innovator • Robert Scoble, technology evangelist and business blogger.
Athletes: • Scott Johnson, Olympic gold medal gymnast • Matt Morgan, American Gladiator and professional wrestler.
Musicians: • Joe Ely, singer, songwriter, and guitarist • Stephen Bruton, producer and blues guitarist • Eric Johnson, guitarist and instrumental composer • Patrice Pike, singer, songwriter, and reality show participant.
Writers: • Tracy Hickman, novelist and game designer (Dragonlance, The Darksword Trilogy, The Death Gate Cycle) • Scott Murphy, television and screenwriter (Angel, Star Wars: The Clone Wars, Flash Gordon) • Clifford Green, screenwriter (Spacecamp, The Seventh Sign) • Christiana Miller, television writer (General Hospital, Star Trek: Voyager) • Daniel Fiorella, television and radio writer, magazine contributor (Adventures of the Galaxy Rangers, A Prairie Home Companion, Mad Magazine, Cracked) • Doug Molitor, television writer (Sliders, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, X-Men: Evolution) • Ian Abrams, television writer and producer, director of the screenwriting and playwriting program at Drexel University. • Melvyn B. Sherer, television writer and Andy Kaufman collaborator (Married with Children, Happy Days, Small Wonder) • Steven Melching, television and screenwriter (Star Wars: The Clone Wars, Men in Black: The Series, X-Men: The Animated Series) • Heather E. Ash, television writer (Stargate SG-1)
In August of 2011, researchers discovered SN 2011fe, a type 1a supernova 21 million light-years away in galaxy M101 (images show the galaxy before and after the supernova, with the supernova circled at right). Studies using type 1a supernovas as “standard candles” to measure how fast the universe expands (the Hubble constant) produce a result in conflict with other data used to infer the cosmic growth rate.
Unless you are a recent arrival from another universe, you’ve no doubt heard that this one is expanding. It’s getting bigger all the time. What’s more, its growth rate is accelerating. Every day, the universe expands a little bit faster than it did the day before.
Those day-to-day differences are negligible, though, for astronomers trying to measure the universe’s expansion rate. They want to know how fast it is expanding “today,” meaning the current epoch of cosmic history. That rate is important for understanding how the universe works, knowing what its ultimate fate will be and even what it is made of. After all, the prime mission of the Hubble Space Telescope when it was launched in 1990 was to help determine that expansion rate (known, not coincidentally, as the Hubble constant, named for the astronomer Edwin Hubble).
Since then evidence from Hubble (the telescope) and other research projects has established a reasonably precise answer for the Hubble constant: 73, in the units commonly used for this purpose. (It means that two independent astronomical bodies separated by 3.26 million light-years will appear to be moving away from each other at 73 kilometers per second.) Sure, there’s a margin of error, but not much. The latest analysis from one team, led by Nobel laureate Adam Riess, puts the Hubble constant in the range of 72–75, as reported in a paper posted online January 3. Considering that as late as the 1980s astronomers argued about whether the Hubble constant was closer to 40 or 90, that’s quite an improvement in precision.
But there’s a snag in this success. Current knowledge of the universe suggests a way to predict what the Hubble constant ought to be. And that prediction gives a probable range of only 66–68. The two methods don’t match.
“This is very surprising, I think, and very interesting,” Riess, of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, said in a talk January 9 at a meeting of the American Astronomical Society.
It’s surprising because astrophysicists and cosmologists thought they had pretty much figured the universe out. It’s made up of a little bit of ordinary matter, a lot of some exotic “dark matter” of unknown identity, and even more of a mysterious energy permeating the vacuum of space, exerting gravitational repulsion. Remember that acceleration of the expansion rate? It implies the existence of such energy. Because nobody knows what it is, people call it “dark energy,” while suspecting that its real name is lambda, the Greek letter that stands for “cosmological constant.” (It’s called a constant because any part of space should possess the same amount of vacuum energy.) Dark energy contributes something like 70 percent of the total mass-energy content of the universe, various lines of evidence indicate.
If all that’s right, then it’s not all that hard to infer how fast the universe should be expanding today. You just take the recipe of matter, dark matter and dark energy and add some ghostly subatomic particles known as neutrinos. Then you carefully measure the temperature of deep space, where the only heat is the faint glow remaining from the Big Bang. That glow, the cosmic microwave background radiation, varies slightly in temperature from point to point. From the size of those variations, you can calculate how far the radiation from the Big Bang has been traveling to reach our telescopes. Combine that with the universe’s mass-energy recipe, and you can calculate how fast the universe is expanding. (You can, in fact, do this calculation at home with the proper mathematical utensils.)
An international team’s project using cosmic microwave background data inferred a Hubble constant of 67, substantially less than the 73 or 74 based on actually measuring the expansion (by analyzing how the light from distant supernova explosions has dimmed over time).
When this discrepancy first showed up a few years ago, many experts believed it was just a mirage that would fade with more precise measurement. But it hasn’t.
“This starts to get pretty serious,” Riess said at the astronomy meeting. “In both cases these are very mature measurements. This is not the first time around for either of these projects.”
One commonly proposed explanation contends that the supernova studies are measuring the local value of the Hubble constant. Perhaps we live in a bubble, with much less matter than average, skewing expansion measurements. In that case, the cosmic microwave background data might provide a better picture of the “global” expansion rate for the whole universe. But supernovas observed by the Hubble telescope extend far enough out to refute that possibility, Riess said.
“Even if you thought we lived in a void…, you still are basically stuck with the same problem.”
Consequently it seems most likely that something is wrong with the matter-energy recipe for the universe (technically, the cosmological standard model) used in making the expansion rate prediction. Maybe the vacuum energy driving cosmic acceleration is not a cosmological constant after all, but some other sort of field filling space. Such a field could vary in strength over time and throw off the calculations based on a constant vacuum energy. But Riess pointed out that the evidence is growing stronger and stronger that the vacuum energy is just the cosmological constant. “I would say there we have less and less wiggle room.”
Another possibility, appealing to many theorists, is the existence of a new particle, perhaps a fourth neutrino or some other relativistic (moving very rapidly) particle zipping around in the early universe.
“Relativistic particles — theorists have no trouble inventing new ones, ones that don’t violate anything else,” Riess said. “Many of them are quite giddy about the prospect of some evidence for that. So that would not be a long reach.”
Other assumptions built into the current cosmological standard model might also need to be revised. Dark matter, for example, is presumed to be very aloof from other forms of matter and energy. But if it interacted with radiation in the early universe, it could have an effect similar to that of relativistic particles, changing how the energy in the early universe is divided up among its components. Such a change in energy balance would alter how much the universe expands at early times, corrupting the calibrations needed to infer the current expansion rate.
It’s not the first time that determining the Hubble constant has provoked controversy. Edwin Hubble himself initially (in the 1930s) vastly overestimated the expansion rate. Using his rate, calculations indicated that the universe was much younger than the Earth, an obvious contradiction. Even by the 1990s, some Hubble constant estimates suggested an age for the universe of under 10 billion years, whereas many stars appeared to be several billion years older than that.
Hubble’s original error could be traced to lack of astronomical knowledge. His early overestimates turned out to be signals of a previously unknown distinction between different generations of stars, some younger and some older, Riess pointed out. That threw off distance estimates to some stars that Hubble used to estimate the expansion rate. Similarly, in the 1990s the expansion rate implied too young a universe because dark energy was not then known to exist and therefore was not taken into account when calculating the universe’s age.
So the current discrepancy, Riess suggested, might also be a signal of some astronomical unknown, whether a new particle, new interactions of matter and radiation, or a phenomenon even more surprising — something that would really astound a visitor from another universe.
Beste bezoeker, Heb je zelf al ooit een vreemde waarneming gedaan, laat dit dan even weten via email aan Frederick Delaere opwww.ufomeldpunt.be. Deze onderzoekers behandelen jouw melding in volledige anonimiteit en met alle respect voor jouw privacy. Ze zijn kritisch, objectief maar open minded aangelegd en zullen jou steeds een verklaring geven voor jouw waarneming! DUS AARZEL NIET, ALS JE EEN ANTWOORD OP JOUW VRAGEN WENST, CONTACTEER FREDERICK. BIJ VOORBAAT DANK...
Druk op onderstaande knop om je bestand , jouw artikel naar mij te verzenden. INDIEN HET DE MOEITE WAARD IS, PLAATS IK HET OP DE BLOG ONDER DIVERSEN MET JOUW NAAM...
Druk op onderstaande knop om een berichtje achter te laten in mijn gastenboek
Alvast bedankt voor al jouw bezoekjes en jouw reacties. Nog een prettige dag verder!!!
Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 74 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.