BREAKING: SPACEX REACHES MAJOR STARSHIP MILESTONE, FIRES 31 ENGINES AT ONCE

HOLY COW!

NASASPACEFLIGHT

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09-02-2023 om 23:37 geschreven door peter  

If you hανen’t heαrd, UFO hunters from αll oνer the world hανe come together to clαιm thαt on July 9th, α gιgαntιc UFO entered our αtmosphere.

The UFO wαs fιrst notιced by the Internαtιonαl Spαce Stαtιon’s offιcιαl lινe feed, whιch wαs then wιdely dιssemιnαted onlιne by specιαlιsts lιke Streetcαp1, who creαted theιr own fιlms on the subject.

Despιte the fαct thαt physιcιsts αnd αstronomers thιnk ιt ιs nothιng more thαn α meteor, he ιs certαιn thαt ιts pαtterned fly ιs α demonstrαtιon of ιts oνerαll superιor sophιstιcαtιon.

Whαt’s weιrder αbout thιs reνelαtιon ιs the fαct thαt the UFO seems to force the ISS cαmerα to cut out premαturely, proνιng NASA’s role ιn keepιng thιs α secret, αs Streetcαp1 poιnted out.

UFO Sιghtιngs Hotspot αlso sαιd thαt ιf we hαd hαd α closer look αt ιt, we would hανe most certαιnly seen α cleαrer νιew of ιts αrtιfιcιαl desιgn, but NASA wouldn’t let ιt.

Scott C. Wαrιng, who runs the UFO Sιghtιngs Dαιly sιte, αlso chιmed ιn, clαιmιng thαt ιt wαs eιther α UFO or the Chιnese spαce stαtιon Tιαngong-1.

Although thιs spαce stαtιon wαs sent ιnto orbιt ιn September 2011, ιt does not fιt the descrιptιon, whιch stιll doesn’t explαιn why the νιdeo shuts out so soon.

As we hανe more tιme to αbsorb whαt we know so fαr αbout thιs “dιαmond-shαped UFO,” mαybe αddιtιonαl ιnformαtιon wιll surfαce.

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09-02-2023 om 23:17 geschreven door peter  

09-02-2023 om 22:34 geschreven door peter  

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09-02-2023 om 22:14 geschreven door peter  

UFO Over Scottsdale, Arizona for 12 Minutes! Feb 5, 2023, UFO Sighting News

Date of sighting: February 5, 2023
Location of sighting: Scottsdale, Arizona, USA

 

The awesome video is 12 full minutes long! Thats rare guys, and its from the Arizona state which means its close to Area 51 and Area S4 and the Extraterrestrial Highway. This is massive evidence that tic-tac UFOs do exist. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

 

Eyewitness states: 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

09-02-2023 om 21:47 geschreven door peter  

As a former F/A-18 Hornet pilot with extensive experience and multiple encounters with unidentified aerial phenomena (UAP), Mark Hulsey's perspectives on this issue are certainly worth considering. 

Frustrated, Mark questions why these phenomena are not openly investigated. 

The issue of missing radar footage is particularly concerning, as it raises questions about the potential for evidence to be concealed or suppressed. In a field where safety and transparency are of the utmost importance, it is essential that all relevant data is collected and analyzed in order to better understand the UAP phenomenon. 

Ultimately, Mark's belief that everyone has the right to know what is happening in the skies is a fundamental principle of transparency and open inquiry.

  

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{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

09-02-2023 om 21:41 geschreven door peter  

San Diego Skies Light Up with Mysterious Orangish Glows

UFO sightings have been a topic of fascination for decades, and one such incident occurred in San Diego, California on June 27th, 2022. The event witnessed by several people from La Jolla to North Island, caused a stir in the community and sparked interest from UFO enthusiasts.

According to a witness report, a series of glowing orangish lights were observed hovering in the sky near the beach. The witness was walking their dogs, as they often do, when they noticed the lights. As more and more people gathered, it was estimated that around 15 individuals were observing the strange lights in the sky.

However, the next day, the local news reported that the sightings were merely naval exercises with flares. Yet, the witness and several others who saw the lights were convinced that what they saw was not a typical naval exercise. The lights, which multiplied in numbers and disappeared and reappeared, were not consistent with the behavior of flares. Moreover, the lights rose in altitude and increased in brightness, further fueling the belief that what they saw was not a conventional occurrence.

• Two round bright UFO that didn’t move - San Diego, CA

The witness also reported having recorded several videos of the incident, but due to an error while uploading the videos, only a few were successfully uploaded. The individual had approximately 20 minutes of video that they were unable to share, as the error message stated that “an error occurred while loading a higher quality version of this video.”

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{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

09-02-2023 om 20:56 geschreven door peter  

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 09-02-2023

Triangle Shaped UFO Sighted Over Utah & Black Flying Saucer Found On Google Earth.

Clip One: This dark triangle shaped UFO was sight over Salt Lake City in Utah but was filmed from Draper. The witness stated the following: "From the SLC avenues mid September 2022 at sundown, I noticed a fairly large triangular object hovering in the sky. It was first floating stationary but moving kind of wavy. It then proceeded to slowly move North. I captured a total of 4 videos of approximately 1 minute 30 seconds each. The object kept floating North and then seemed to dissapear from view. The object was definitely triangle and guessing the size could have been around 60-75 ft in length. The location when first spotted was just above the high rise buildings in downtown Salt Lake. It appeared to be about 1250-1500 ft in the sky."

• SOURCE: MUFON Case Number: 128404

Clip Two: This black "Flying Saucer" was found on Google earth and here are the coordinates so you guys can have a look for yourselves.

• Google earth: 41°51'39"N 4°10'53"W

The Incredible Logistics Of NASA's Ingenuity Drone

The Incredible Logistics Of NASA's Ingenuity Drone

Last Video: The Real Reason NASA Is Developing A Nuclear Rocket Engine!

• https://youtu.be/ShF0R5pbNvI

SpaceX News and Updates:

• https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list...

The Space Race is dedicated to the exploration of outer space and humans' mission to explore the universe. We’ll provide news and updates from everything in space, including the SpaceX and NASA mission to colonize Mars and the Moon. We’ll focus on news and updates from SpaceX, NASA, Starlink, Blue Origin, The James Webb Space Telescope and more. If you’re interested in space exploration, Mars colonization, and everything to do with space travel and the space race... you’ve come to the right channel! We love space and hope to inspire others to learn more!

Can We Blame Jupiter For Extinction Of Dinosaurs?

The Earth has seen its fair share of mass extinctions throughout its history. These catastrophic events have resulted in the loss of countless species of plants and animals, forever altering the course of life on our planet. The most famous mass extinction event is the one that wiped out the dinosaurs some 65 million years ago. Scientists believe that a massive asteroid impact was the cause, leading to the extinction of around 75% of all species on Earth. But how did that asteroid find its way to Earth? Did Jupiter play a role in it? In this video, we will talk about whether we can blame Jupiter for the extinction of dinosaurs or not.

MASS EXTINCTION EVENTS ON EARTH:

A massive cosmic collision is one of the most serious existential dangers to life on Earth. An intense enough impact with Earth — typical of objects a few kilometres or bigger in size — might easily produce a mass extinction event, and may perhaps utterly sterilise a living globe, putting an end to a multi-billion-year cycle of life. For billions of years, these events have occurred across the universe, including in our solar system. It has traditionally been believed that the Solar System is favorable for life as it has Jupiter, which acts as a shield against objects that could impact Earth. Jupiter, the largest planet in our Solar System, experiences collisions much more often than Earth, serving as its protector. However, this understanding is incorrect. Its existence in fact increases the likelihood of collisions on Earth, and researchers estimate that there's a high chance that the K-Pg extinction event would not have occurred without Jupiter's presence.

00:00 Intro

1:01 MASS EXTINCTION EVENTS ON EARTH

2:01 PREVIOUS IMPACTS OF JUPITER

3:20 JUPITER’S OVERALL ROLE IN AFFECTING ASTEROIDS

8:35 CONCLUSION

Something Bizarre is Going On Thousands of Kilometers Beneath Your Feet at The Core of The Earth

Something Bizarre is Going On Thousands of Kilometers Beneath Your Feet at The Core of The Earth. Many scientists think that the earth’s inner core spins faster than the planet, however, in the past few years that has changed. The earth’s core has apparently stopped spinning.

Thousands of Galactic "Fossils” Discovered by Webb! Explaining the Latest James Webb Image in 4K

For more than a year now we have been witnessing the incredible capabilities of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) as it observes the universe like never before. We have seen distant planets, colossal galaxy mergers, ancient stars and even the regions where new stars are born. In this video, we will look at one of the latest images captured by JWST, revealing galactic fossils. Ancient galaxies as they looked when the universe was still in its infancy. Sit back, relax, and enjoy the universe like never before.

Credits: NASA, ESA, CSA, JPL-Caltech//R. Hurt (Caltech-IPAC), STScI, Webb ERO Production Team, A. Martel

New Discovery In The Nile River Reveals Terrifying Truth About The Pyramids

It's easy to look at the futuristic cities of today, like Tokyo or Hong Kong, and marvel at the advanced technologies and astounding architecture. Nothing beats the marvels of ancient civilizations. Over 5,000 years ago, Ancient Egypt flourished with incredible monuments, stories, and artifacts but most of them were lost over the centuries.

Thanks to modern archaeologists, historians, and their hard work, many of these mysterious wonders have been revealed in recent years, giving us a glimpse of the extraordinary culture and civilization that existed in Ancient Egypt, and well, it's happened again, and this time, it's the river Nile. Join us as we uncover the recent amazing discovery that has shocked scientists and explore the secrets of one of Ancient Egypt's greatest mysteries.

Curiosity discovers evidence of water on ancient Mars with ripples and landslide debris

NASA's Curiosity rover has found evidence of water on ancient Mars with "rippled textures" and "landslide debris" in the foothills of Mount Sharp.

Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Hycean Planets & Ice Worlds

Our telescopes find new exoplanets and reveal deeper details about them everyday, unveiling massive hydrogen-rich atmosphere planets and icy worlds which may be able to harbor life even far from any star.

Stuck in a Space Station, Black Holes' Habitable Zones, Human-Rated Starship | Q&A 210

Is there a habitable zone around a black hole? Can you get stuck in the middle of a big space station? How will Starship get human-rated? Why is the Fermi Paradox even a paradox? All this in this week's Q&A!  

00:00 Start

01:03 [Tatooine] Can you get stuck in a space station?

06:07 [Coruscant] How is Fermi Paradox even a paradox?

09:33 [Hoth] Is there a habitable zone around a black hole? 1

4:46 [Naboo] What are the highest velocities stars have been recorded travelling?

16:55 [Kamino] Will galaxies fall apart?

20:34 [Bespin] Why is there a Crisis in Cosmology?

23:06 [Mustafar] Is Starship good for humans?

26:41 [Alderaan] What will investment in space look like in the future?

30:07 [Dagobah] How to observe dark matter?

32:56 [Yavin] What's the origin of our Solar System?

36:44 [Mandalore] How long till the sports on other planets?

38:52 [Geonosis] Is there oil on Mars?

Voyager 1 Is Sending Back Mysterious Signals. What Are They?

NASA Space Probe Discovered Something Strange in the Solar System

The approximate radius of the solar system is 30 trillion kilometers. During the whole time of exploration of this space, mankind has found 316 minor planets. And 8 main ones that everyone knows about. But “know” is too big a word. In most cases, we only know what these planets look like and at what distance they are from the Earth. Everything else is just our assumptions. To replace speculation with facts, humanity regularly sends space research probes to other planets.

THE ALIEN ABDUCTION OF THE CENTURY : LINDA NAPOLITANO STORY - ORIGINAL V MOVIES SCI-FI DOCUMENTARY

THE ALIEN ABDUCTION OF THE CENTURY : LINDA NAPOLITANO STORY - ORIGINAL V MOVIES SCI-FI DOCUMENTARY

Linda Napolitano was a simple New York housewife, at least until November 30, 1989, when in the middle of the night she was abducted by aliens and made to float above the Manhattan sky until she entered a UFO where she was subjected to mysterious experiments.
Hypnosis, aliens, man in black and important political figures, these are the pieces that characterize the alien abduction of Linda Napolitano, what over time was defined by experts as "the alien abduction case of the century".

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09-02-2023 om 18:41 geschreven door peter  

Chris Stokel-Walker &  Richard Van Noorden

Illustration by Paweł Jońca

In December, computational biologists Casey Greene and Milton Pividori embarked on an unusual experiment: they asked an assistant who was not a scientist to help them improve three of their research papers. Their assiduous aide suggested revisions to sections of documents in seconds; each manuscript took about five minutes to review. In one biology manuscript, their helper even spotted a mistake in a reference to an equation. The trial didn’t always run smoothly, but the final manuscripts were easier to read — and the fees were modest, at less than US$0.50 per document.

This assistant, as Greene and Pividori reported in a preprint¹ on 23 January, is not a person but an artificial-intelligence (AI) algorithm called GPT-3, first released in 2020. It is one of the much-hyped generative AI chatbot-style tools that can churn out convincingly fluent text, whether asked to produce prose, poetry, computer code or — as in the scientists’ case — to edit research papers (see ‘How an AI chatbot edits a manuscript’ at the end of this article).

The most famous of these tools, also known as large language models, or LLMs, is ChatGPT, a version of GPT-3 that shot to fame after its release in November last year because it was made free and easily accessible. Other generative AIs can produce images, or sounds.

“I’m really impressed,” says Pividori, who works at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. “This will help us be more productive as researchers.” Other scientists say they now regularly use LLMs not only to edit manuscripts, but also to help them write or check code and to brainstorm ideas. “I use LLMs every day now,” says Hafsteinn Einarsson, a computer scientist at the University of Iceland in Reykjavik. He started with GPT-3, but has since switched to ChatGPT, which helps him to write presentation slides, student exams and coursework problems, and to convert student theses into papers. “Many people are using it as a digital secretary or assistant,” he says.

LLMs form part of search engines, code-writing assistants and even a chatbot that negotiates with other companies’ chatbots to get better prices on products. ChatGPT’s creator, OpenAI in San Francisco, California, has announced a subscription service for $20 per month, promising faster response times and priority access to new features (although its trial version remains free). And tech giant Microsoft, which had already invested in OpenAI, announced a further investment in January, reported to be around $10 billion. LLMs are destined to be incorporated into general word- and data-processing software. Generative AI’s future ubiquity in society seems assured, especially because today’s tools represent the technology in its infancy.

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But LLMs have also triggered widespread concern — from their propensity to return falsehoods, to worries about people passing off AI-generated text as their own. When Nature asked researchers about the potential uses of chatbots such as ChatGPT, particularly in science, their excitement was tempered with apprehension. “If you believe that this technology has the potential to be transformative, then I think you have to be nervous about it,” says Greene, at the University of Colorado School of Medicine in Aurora. Much will depend on how future regulations and guidelines might constrain AI chatbots’ use, researchers say.

Fluent but not factual

Some researchers think LLMs are well-suited to speeding up tasks such as writing papers or grants, as long as there’s human oversight. “Scientists are not going to sit and write long introductions for grant applications any more,” says Almira Osmanovic Thunström, a neurobiologist at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg, Sweden, who has co-authored a manuscript² using GPT-3 as an experiment. “They’re just going to ask systems to do that.”

Tom Tumiel, a research engineer at InstaDeep, a London-based software consultancy firm, says he uses LLMs every day as assistants to help write code. “It’s almost like a better Stack Overflow,” he says, referring to the popular community website where coders answer each others’ queries.

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ChatGPT listed as author on research papers: many scientists disapprove

But researchers emphasize that LLMs are fundamentally unreliable at answering questions, sometimes generating false responses. “We need to be wary when we use these systems to produce knowledge,” says Osmanovic Thunström.

This unreliability is baked into how LLMs are built. ChatGPT and its competitors work by learning the statistical patterns of language in enormous databases of online text — including any untruths, biases or outmoded knowledge. When LLMs are then given prompts (such as Greene and Pividori’s carefully structured requests to rewrite parts of manuscripts), they simply spit out, word by word, any way to continue the conversation that seems stylistically plausible.

The result is that LLMs easily produce errors and misleading information, particularly for technical topics that they might have had little data to train on. LLMs also can’t show the origins of their information; if asked to write an academic paper, they make up fictitious citations. “The tool cannot be trusted to get facts right or produce reliable references,” noted a January editorial on ChatGPT in the journal Nature Machine Intelligence³.

With these caveats, ChatGPT and other LLMs can be effective assistants for researchers who have enough expertise to directly spot problems or to easily verify answers, such as whether an explanation or suggestion of computer code is correct.

But the tools might mislead naive users. In December, for instance, Stack Overflow temporarily banned the use of ChatGPT, because site moderators found themselves flooded with a high rate of incorrect but seemingly persuasive LLM-generated answers sent in by enthusiastic users. This could be a nightmare for search engines.

Can shortcomings be solved?

Some search-engine tools, such as the researcher-focused Elicit, get around LLMs’ attribution issues by using their capabilities first to guide queries for relevant literature, and then to briefly summarize each of the websites or documents that the engines find — so producing an output of apparently referenced content (although an LLM might still mis-summarize each individual document).

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Could AI help you to write your next paper?

Companies building LLMs are also well aware of the problems. In September last year, Google subsidiary DeepMind published a paper⁴ on a ‘dialogue agent’ called Sparrow, which the firm’s chief executive and co-founder Demis Hassabis later told TIME magazine would be released in private beta this year; the magazine reported that Google aimed to work on features including the ability to cite sources. Other competitors, such as Anthropic, say that they have solved some of ChatGPT’s issues (Anthropic, OpenAI and DeepMind declined interviews for this article).

For now, ChatGPT is not trained on sufficiently specialized content to be helpful in technical topics, some scientists say. Kareem Carr, a biostatistics PhD student at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, was underwhelmed when he trialled it for work. “I think it would be hard for ChatGPT to attain the level of specificity I would need,” he says. (Even so, Carr says that when he asked ChatGPT for 20 ways to solve a research query, it spat back gibberish and one useful idea — a statistical term he hadn’t heard of that pointed him to a new area of academic literature.)

Some tech firms are training chatbots on specialized scientific literature — although they have run into their own issues. In November last year, Meta — the tech giant that owns Facebook — released an LLM called Galactica, which was trained on scientific abstracts, with the intention of making it particularly good at producing academic content and answering research questions. The demo was pulled from public access (although its code remains available) after users got it to produce inaccuracies and racism. “It’s no longer possible to have some fun by casually misusing it. Happy?,” Meta’s chief AI scientist, Yann LeCun, tweeted in a response to critics. (Meta did not respond to a request, made through their press office, to speak to LeCun.)

Safety and responsibility

Galactica had hit a familiar safety concern that ethicists have been pointing out for years: without output controls LLMs can easily be used to generate hate speech and spam, as well as racist, sexist and other harmful associations that might be implicit in their training data.

Besides directly producing toxic content, there are concerns that AI chatbots will embed historical biases or ideas about the world from their training data, such as the superiority of particular cultures, says Shobita Parthasarathy, director of a science, technology and public-policy programme at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. Because the firms that are creating big LLMs are mostly in, and from, these cultures, they might make little attempt to overcome such biases, which are systemic and hard to rectify, she adds.

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How language-generation AIs could transform science

OpenAI tried to skirt many of these issues when deciding to openly release ChatGPT. It restricted its knowledge base to 2021, prevented it from browsing the Internet and installed filters to try to get the tool to refuse to produce content for sensitive or toxic prompts. Achieving that, however, required human moderators to label screeds of toxic text. Journalists have reported that these workers are poorly paid and some have suffered trauma. Similar concerns over worker exploitation have also been raised about social-media firms that have employed people to train automated bots for flagging toxic content.

OpenAI’s guardrails have not been wholly successful. In December last year, computational neuroscientist Steven Piantadosi at the University of California, Berkeley, tweeted that he’d asked ChatGPT to develop a Python program for whether a person should be tortured on the basis of their country of origin. The chatbot replied with code inviting the user to enter a country; and to print “This person should be tortured” if that country was North Korea, Syria, Iran or Sudan. (OpenAI subsequently closed off that kind of question.)

Last year, a group of academics released an alternative LLM, called BLOOM. The researchers tried to reduce harmful outputs by training it on a smaller selection of higher-quality, multilingual text sources. The team involved also made its training data fully open (unlike OpenAI). Researchers have urged big tech firms to responsibly follow this example — but it’s unclear whether they’ll comply.

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Tools such as ChatGPT threaten transparent science; here are our ground rules for their use

Some researchers say that academics should refuse to support large commercial LLMs altogether. Besides issues such as bias, safety concerns and exploited workers, these computationally intensive algorithms also require a huge amount of energy to train, raising concerns about their ecological footprint. A further worry is that by offloading thinking to automated chatbots, researchers might lose the ability to articulate their own thoughts. “Why would we, as academics, be eager to use and advertise this kind of product?” wrote Iris van Rooij, a computational cognitive scientist at Radboud University in Nijmegen, the Netherlands, in a blogpost urging academics to resist their pull.

A further confusion is the legal status of some LLMs, which were trained on content scraped from the Internet with sometimes less-than-clear permissions. Copyright and licensing laws currently cover direct copies of pixels, text and software, but not imitations in their style. When those imitations — generated through AI — are trained by ingesting the originals, this introduces a wrinkle. The creators of some AI art programs, including Stable Diffusion and Midjourney, are currently being sued by artists and photography agencies; OpenAI and Microsoft (along with its subsidiary tech site GitHub) are also being sued for software piracy over the creation of their AI coding assistant Copilot. The outcry might force a change in laws, says Lilian Edwards, a specialist in Internet law at Newcastle University, UK.

Enforcing honest use

Setting boundaries for these tools, then, could be crucial, some researchers say. Edwards suggests that existing laws on discrimination and bias (as well as planned regulation of dangerous uses of AI) will help to keep the use of LLMs honest, transparent and fair. “There’s loads of law out there,” she says, “and it’s just a matter of applying it or tweaking it very slightly.”

At the same time, there is a push for LLM use to be transparently disclosed. Scholarly publishers (including the publisher of Nature) have said that scientists should disclose the use of LLMs in research papers (see also Nature 613, 612; 2023); and teachers have said they expect similar behaviour from their students. The journal Science has gone further, saying that no text generated by ChatGPT or any other AI tool can be used in a paper⁵.

One key technical question is whether AI-generated content can be spotted easily. Many researchers are working on this, with the central idea to use LLMs themselves to spot the output of AI-created text.

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‘Arms race with automation’: professors fret about AI-generated coursework

Last December, for instance, Edward Tian, a computer-science undergraduate at Princeton University in New Jersey, published GPTZero. This AI-detection tool analyses text in two ways. One is ‘perplexity’, a measure of how familiar the text seems to an LLM. Tian’s tool uses an earlier model, called GPT-2; if it finds most of the words and sentences predictable, then text is likely to have been AI-generated. The tool also examines variation in text, a measure known as ‘burstiness’: AI-generated text tends to be more consistent in tone, cadence and perplexity than does that written by humans.

Many other products similarly aim to detect AI-written content. OpenAI itself had already released a detector for GPT-2, and it released another detection tool in January. For scientists’ purposes, a tool that is being developed by the firm Turnitin, a developer of anti-plagiarism software, might be particularly important, because Turnitin’s products are already used by schools, universities and scholarly publishers worldwide. The company says it’s been working on AI-detection software since GPT-3 was released in 2020, and expects to launch it in the first half of this year.

However, none of these tools claims to be infallible, particularly if AI-generated text is subsequently edited. Also, the detectors could falsely suggest that some human-written text is AI-produced, says Scott Aaronson, a computer scientist at the University of Texas at Austin and guest researcher with OpenAI. The firm said that in tests, its latest tool incorrectly labelled human-written text as AI-written 9% of the time, and only correctly identified 26% of AI-written texts. Further evidence might be needed before, for instance, accusing a student of hiding their use of an AI solely on the basis of a detector test, Aaronson says.

A separate idea is that AI content would come with its own watermark. Last November, Aaronson announced that he and OpenAI were working on a method of watermarking ChatGPT output. It has not yet been released, but a 24 January preprint⁶ from a team led by computer scientist Tom Goldstein at the University of Maryland in College Park, suggested one way of making a watermark. The idea is to use random-number generators at particular moments when the LLM is generating its output, to create lists of plausible alternative words that the LLM is instructed to choose from. This leaves a trace of chosen words in the final text that can be identified statistically but are not obvious to a reader. Editing could defeat this trace, but Goldstein suggests that edits would have to change more than half the words.

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An advantage of watermarking is that it rarely produces false positives, Aaronson points out. If the watermark is there, the text was probably produced with AI. Still, it won’t be infallible, he says. “There are certainly ways to defeat just about any watermarking scheme if you are determined enough.” Detection tools and watermarking only make it harder to deceitfully use AI — not impossible.

Meanwhile, LLM creators are busy working on more sophisticated chatbots built on larger data sets (OpenAI is expected to release GPT-4 this year) — including tools aimed specifically at academic or medical work. In late December, Google and DeepMind published a preprint about a clinically-focused LLM it called Med-PaLM⁷. The tool could answer some open-ended medical queries almost as well as the average human physician could, although it still had shortcomings and unreliabilities.

Eric Topol, director of the Scripps Research Translational Institute in San Diego, California, says he hopes that, in the future, AIs that include LLMs might even aid diagnoses of cancer, and the understanding of the disease, by cross-checking text from academic literature against images of body scans. But this would all need judicious oversight from specialists, he emphasizes.

The computer science behind generative AI is moving so fast that innovations emerge every month. How researchers choose to use them will dictate their, and our, future. “To think that in early 2023, we’ve seen the end of this, is crazy,” says Topol. “It’s really just beginning.”

• Nature 614, 214-216 (2023)
• doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-00340-6

UPDATES & CORRECTIONS

• Correction 08 February 2023: This News feature misrepresented Scott Aaronson’s views on the accuracy of watermarking in identifying AI-produced text. Human-produced text might also be flagged as having a watermark, but the probability is extremely low.

References

1. Pividori, M. & Greene, C. S. Preprint at bioRxiv  https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.21.525030 (2023).

2. GPT, Osmanovic Thunström, A. & Steingrimsson, S. Preprint at HAL https://hal.science/hal-03701250 (2022).

3. Nature Mach. Intell. 5, 1 (2023).

   Article Google Scholar 

4. Glaese, A. et al. Preprint at https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.14375 (2022).

5. Thorp, H. H. Science 379, 313 (2023).

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6. Kirchenbauer, J. et al. Preprint at https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.10226 (2023).

7. Singhal, K. et al. Preprint at https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.13138 (2022).

Download references

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08-02-2023 om 22:38 geschreven door peter  

UFO Over Scottsdale, Arizona for 12 Minutes! Feb 5, 2023, UFO Sighting News

Date of sighting: February 5, 2023

Location of sighting: Scottsdale, Arizona, USA

 

The awesome video is 12 full minutes long! Thats rare guys, and its from the Arizona state which means its close to Area 51 and Area S4 and the Extraterrestrial Highway. This is massive evidence that tic-tac UFOs do exist. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

 

Eyewitness states: 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

08-02-2023 om 21:30 geschreven door peter  

De Chinese "spionageballonnen" die vorige week boven de Verenigde Staten en Latijns-Amerika vlogen, zijn allesbehalve de eerste ballonnen die China heeft ingezet. De voorbije jaren zijn volgens de VS in totaal boven 5 verschillende continenten dergelijke ballonnen waargenomen. Om welke landen het precies gaat, is nog niet duidelijk.

Het Witte Huis noemt de ballonnen een "schending van de soevereiniteit". De ballon die over de VS vloog, werd uiteindelijk na een aantal dagen boven de Atlantische Oceaan uit de lucht geschoten. 

Brokstukken van de ballon en vooral de apparatuur die eraan hing, werden verzameld om te analyseren. De ballon was zo'n 60 meter lang en had volgens Amerikaanse functionarissen een laadgedeelte dat vergelijkbaar was met dat van een regionaal vliegtuig.

De ontdekking van de ballon veroorzaakte een nieuwe diplomatieke crisis tussen de VS en China. De Amerikaanse minister van Buitenlandse Zaken Antony Blinken stelde een gepland bezoek aan China op het allerlaatste moment uit. Volgens de VS was de ballon bedoeld om de militaire capaciteit van de VS in kaart te brengen. 

Verenigde Staten

Amerikaanse marine geeft foto's vrij van neergehaalde Chinese "spionageballon"

di 07 fe

Volgens China waren de ballonnen boven de VS en Latijns-Amerika daar door "overmacht" terechtgekomen. De reactie van de VS noemde de Chinese overheid "overdreven".

GERELATEERDE VIDEO'S

{ https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/ }

08-02-2023 om 21:23 geschreven door peter  

Stunning Triangle UFO Spotted in Salt Lake City

Salt Lake City resident just recently reported on MUFON website this strange, large black triangle UFO hovering in the sky on September 16, 2022. This latest UFO sighting, caught on camera by a local witness, is stirring up excitement and intrigue among UFO enthusiasts and skeptics alike.

According to the witness report, the object was first seen floating stationary in the sky above downtown Salt Lake City in Utah but soon began to move North. The witness was able to capture a total of 4 videos of the strange object, which appeared to be approximately 60-75 feet in length (about 20 meters).

Despite some speculation that the object might be a USAF TR3B or triangle craft, experts believe it is highly unlikely that the military would fly such a craft in the open during the day. Additionally, the object’s slow and wavy movement, as well as its semi-transparent reflective hump on the lower center, are not characteristic of any known military aircraft.

• Insane Video of Triangle Shaped UFO Flying over Texas

This latest UFO sighting in Salt Lake City is being considered one of the most credible and convincing triangle UFO sightings in recent history. The fact that the object was seen in the daylight and captured on video is adding to its authenticity.

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{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

08-02-2023 om 17:16 geschreven door peter  

Triangle UFO Sighting in Lakeland, Florida: What Really Happened on January 23, 2023?

UFO sightings have always been a topic of intrigue and speculation. The latest UFO sightings have once again sparked the interest of many, with the latest event taking place in Lakeland, Florida. On January 23, 2023, a local resident reported seeing strange lights appearing to rotate and move in the night sky.

The witness was speaking to a friend on the phone when they noticed the lights moving over their truck. They immediately hung up and started recording the events. The lights moved relatively slow and towards the north while gaining altitude. At first, the witness thought that the lights might be from a balloon or lights hanging from a balloon, but then the objects turned in an odd manner, which led them to believe it might be something more. The witness got out of their truck and continued to film, but eventually lost sight of the objects due to buildings and trees in the way.

The video of the sighting has since gone viral, with many people speculating about the identity of the strange lights. Some people believe that it might be an extraterrestrial spacecraft, while others believe it might be some sort of military experiment or a hoax. Regardless of the speculation, one thing is for sure – the latest UFO sightings in Lakeland, Florida, have caught the attention of the world.

• Mysterious UFO spotted over Tamaulipas highway, Mexico

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

08-02-2023 om 17:00 geschreven door peter  

Jay Stratton, a former high-ranking intelligence official, is breaking his silence on government UFO investigations. With his extensive experience working with various intelligence agencies, Stratton has had access to some of the Pentagon’s most classified UFO files. He’s the only person in the federal government to have worked directly on all three of the most recent UFO programs, including one based in Las Vegas.

In this exclusive interview, Stratton shares the latest UFO sightings and details on his role in uncovering the truth behind them. Stratton was the man behind the investigation into the Tic Tac UFO, a mysterious object that left Navy aviators and sensors baffled off the coast of San Diego in 2004. The Tic Tac UFO was the first incident tackled by the Advanced Aerospace Weapon Systems Application Program (OSAP), a secret program created by the Defense Intelligence Agency and funded by a black budget.

As a result of Stratton’s work with the OSAP, he’s become one of the leading experts on the latest UFO sightings. Stratton and his colleague, Dr. James Lekatsky, were the driving force behind the creation of a central location to analyze unknown craft sightings. They even investigated the famous “UFO hotspot” Skinwalker Ranch in Utah.

• Navy Officer Exposes Top Secret Government Pact With Aliens

In 2021, Stratton left the UAP Task Force, but his work formed the basis of a comprehensive report to Congress. Out of the 144 incidents investigated by the task force, 143 were considered unidentified. Today, Stratton works for Radiance Technologies, a defense contractor, and continues to uncover the truth behind the latest UFO sightings.

So what’s the latest on the UFO front? Stratton scoffs at the debunkers who’ve tried to explain away UFO sightings as flares, drones, or birds. With 144 incidents still considered unidentified, Stratton and his team have a lot of work to do. But they’re up for the challenge and are dedicated to uncovering the truth behind the latest UFO sightings.

Watch the interview in the video below!

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

08-02-2023 om 16:43 geschreven door peter  

The Falcon Lake Incident: Canada's Most Mysterious Unsolved UFO Case...

In 1967 Stefan Michalak claims to of witnessed two UFOs in the woods of Manitoba, Canada at falcon lake. His story has become one of the most documented and heavily studied reports in history regarding UFOs. Interestingly, Stefan had more to back up his story than just recounting what he saw, he sustained an injury that still to this day cannot be explained away.

What follows is what many consider to be the best evidence of UFO’s of all time, this is the story of the falcon lake UFO.

In the fat report of the Scientific Study of Unidentified Flying Objects by the University of Colorado under contract to the United States Air Force (1969), Michalak's UFO encounter was described as "unknown", meaning there was no explanation. Their concluding remarks (on page 323) were impressive: "If Mr. A's reported experience were physically real, it would show the existence of alien vehicles in our environment."

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{ https://www.youtube.com/ }

07-02-2023 om 23:47 geschreven door peter  

NASA MARS ROVER FINDS METALLIC OBJECT THAT SMASHED DOWN ON SURFACE

OKAY, THAT'S PRETTY AWESOME.

NASA

Cacao Nibs

NASA's Curiosity Mars rover has stumbled across yet another fascinating discovery while exploring the planet's barren surface.

This time, it appears to be an iron-nickel meteorite dubbed Cacao, which measures roughly a foot across and can be seen in an ultra-high resolution image, stitched together from 19 individual photos taken by the rover on January 28.

The mysterious object's lovely silver metallic hue stands out like a sore thumb in the surrounding, rust-colored landscape, a sulfate-bearing region of the Red Planet's Mount Sharp.

"Rock. Rock. Rock. Rock. Rock. Rock. METEORITE!" the rover's official Twitter account wrote. "It's not uncommon to find meteorites on Mars — in fact, I've done it a few times! But a change in scenery's always nice."

Pet Rock

Unfortunately, Curiosity, which has been roaming the surface for well over a decade now, isn't equipped to take a sample from Cacao and bring it back home. That's one of the main objectives of the rover's cousin Perseverance, the only other active rover currently roaming the surface of Mars, which has been industriously picking up samples of Martian rock and soil.

The meteorite could still allow scientists to glean insights into the Red Planet's ancient past or whether it once hosted life. The scars and indentations on Cacao's surface were likely formed as it made its way through the planet's atmosphere, as Universe Today reports, despite the planet's thin atmosphere.

Iron nickel meteorites are also the rarest kinds of meteorites and stand a very good chance of surviving their journey through either Mars' or Earth's atmosphere.

The Beast

As the Curiosity team points out in its update, the rover has come across several meteorites not unlike Cacao, from the golf ball-sized "egg rock" it found in 2016, to the massive seven-foot iron meteorite "Lebanon" — or "the Beast" — meteorite in 2014.

But there's only so much the scientists will be able to learn about Curiosity's newest find.

"There’s no way to date these," the team admitted in a Twitter reply. "But it could have been here millions of years!"

READ MORE: 

• Curiosity Rover Finds Foot-Long Meteorite on Martian Surface [Gizmodo]

The meteorite nicknamed Cacao on Mars.

Image: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

More on Curiosity: 

• NASA Discovers Precious Gemstones on Mars

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{ https://futurism.com/the-byte }

07-02-2023 om 23:28 geschreven door peter  

“Humans from another galaxy sent S0S signals and NASA received them”

Zack White

Some time ago, NASA began looking for extraterrestrial life, however, no signal from space has been received… or so it is believed. Recently, the UK Ministry of Defense declassified the National Archives for the seventh batch of UFO files, where it was explained that the space agency received “signals of a human civilization” from another planet.

One of the files has an article from the September 15, 1998  Weekley World News , in volume 19, superscript 51. That article narrates that NASA  detected and decoded  signals from a human civilization.

Supposedly requesting help since they were doomed on a planet  outside of our galaxy.

Signs of a human civilization on another planet

The article says that the signal was detected in  January 1998 , although it took several months before it was decoded.

Experts claimed that they intercepted an  intergalactic distress signal from  a human civilization. Supposedly, it had already peaked and was dying when humanity was still in prehistory.

But only in the last few weeks, radio astronomers and experts have found the key to cracking the  language based on mathematics . Thus was translated the desperate plea for help.

According to a senior NASA source in Houston, Russian space scientist  Viktor Kulakov , who leads a United Nations research team at a state-operated observatory 80 kilometers northwest of Moscow.

Kulakov said the signal was sent from a point beyond our  galaxy , possibly from  Andromeda . He also assured that it was about 80,000 years ago, by a human civilization  more advanced than ours .

The fact that we received and decoded the message shows that the knowledge and technology of that civilization were  better than the terrestrial one .

But despite being much more advanced than us, the death of such a civilization was not the result of a   cosmic catastrophe . It was the result of its  collapse , possibly due to the devastating use of some nuclear weapon.

the end of civilization

The scientist declined to provide a transcript of the message, but did say it started with a  guilty plea . Then there was the request for help and finally, he passed the data of his location.

There was also an exact description of the devastation; explosions, widespread death and terminal illnesses.

The message contained a feeling of resignation and underlying guilt. It’s as if the senders recognized that the end of their  planet  was their fault.

Everything seems to indicate that they did not have the means to evacuate the remaining population. Interplanetary travel was possibly available to them, but only at a  limited level . The message made it clear that they were trapped.

Kulakov is believed to have been made invisible by  NASA  and fired. In addition, any link that linked him to the agency was erased. It only remained as a curious note, as an atypical testimony.

Another point to take into account is that the Weekly World News, the newspaper where the article was published, was  discontinued . It was also branded as a “conspiracy” medium, for which reason  its veracity was questioned.

Some believe that Kulakov’s testimony is real, others that it was just another sensationalist article. However, the mystery is still present, and the possibility that a human civilization has communicated with us exists.

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 { https://mysteriousociety.com/ }

07-02-2023 om 22:44 geschreven door peter  

07-02-2023 om 22:07 geschreven door peter  

Do Muslims Believe In Aliens & UFOs?

What does Islam say about alients? With the Universe being as unfathomably vast as it is, it seems impossible that Earth is the only planet that contains life. It just may be, however, that Islam has already confirmed the existence of extraterrestrial life. Here's what the Qu'ran and hadith say about aliens.

{ https://gaf.news/ }

WHAT DOES ISLAM SAY ABOUT ALIENS?

The idea of extraterrestrial life is one of incredible fascination to us. Perhaps aggrandized through a century of literature and film, human beings are obsessed with the idea of searching the stars and discovering intelligent life.

With the Universe being as unfathomably vast as it is, it seems impossible that Earth is the only planet that contains life.

Humans have been searching for alien life rigorously for the past few decades. It just may be, however, that Islam has already confirmed the existence of extraterrestrial life.

WHAT DOES SCIENCE SAY?

Even within the solar system, there exists the possibility of some form of life. Europa, for example, one of Jupiter’s larger moons, is believed to be a geologically active world, due to the gravitational fields of Jupiter heating its interior. Its surface is covered by water ice, and scientists believe that beneath the surface, due to the heated interior of the moon, is a global ocean which may be over 100 km deep. It’s plausible that the ocean floor contains hydrothermal vents and volcanos, features on Earth that enable the existence of life in the deepest depths of its oceans.

Enceladus, one of Saturn’s moons, is also ice covered with a subsurface ocean of salty liquid water. Scientists discovered enormous geysers near the moon’s south pole which spray out water into space. The water contains tiny grains of rocky silicate particles that provide strong evidence for the existence of hydrothermal vents, and possible conditions for life.

Another moon of Saturn which is of interest to scientists looking for life is Titan. Its weather system is methane-based, instead of water-based, and the moon contains rivers and lakes made of methane and ethane, as well as possible cryovolcanoes that erupt liquid water rather than lava. It’s entirely possible that lifeforms exist on Titan, made up of different chemistry to lifeforms on Earth.

Some scientists are still hopeful of the discovery of life on Mars. It had water billions of years ago, and potentially life, but what interests scientists today is the methane that exists in the Martian atmosphere, as methane can be produced by biological processes. While its atmosphere is very thin, it’s not impossible that life may still exist if the planet has managed to retain some reserves of water beneath its surface.

Outside of the solar system, the possibilities are endless. Scientists generally look for planets in what is known as the Goldilocks Zone, which refers to the habitable zone around a star where the temperature is just right for liquid water to exist on a planet. And, based on our understanding of life, where there is water, there should be life.

There are however other factors to consider. Scientists look for rocky planets, rather than gas giants like Jupiter or Saturn. And even if they find them, it doesn’t automatically make them inhabitable. For example, Mars and Venus exist in our sun’s Goldilocks Zone, but Mars barely has an atmosphere, and Venus is being decimated by its own greenhouse effect. Scientists would also look for traces of gases on potential worlds that can only be produced by life.

In short, there may be life outside Earth. There may not be. What that life may look like – and whether it is intelligent life – no-one can say for sure. Whether we will ever even discover life outside of Earth, no-one can know for sure. And, regardless, given how vast the Universe is, finding life is unbelievably difficult.

ALIENS IN THE QUR’AN

The Holy Qur’an, perhaps, alludes to the existence of alien life multiple times.

In a surah we read every single day – Surah Al-Fatiha, Allah (SWT) says:

All praise is for Allah—Lord of all worlds.”

(Holy Qur’an 1:2)

Allah emphasises that He is the Lord of all worlds, perhaps referring to worlds as in planets, universes, or dimensions. ‘Aalam’ – the word used for worlds here – can refer to an entire world or an entire people. Classical scholars obviously understood ‘aalam’ to mean people, animals, jinn, angels etc, but Allah is, from the very beginning, saying here that we are not alone.

The biggest pointer to life on other planets is a verse in Surah Ash-Shuraa, where Allah says:

And among His Signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and of whatever living creatures He has spread forth in both. And He has the power to gather them together whenever he pleases.”
(Holy Quran, 42:30)

Examination of this verse leads many to believe that Allah is being clear here about the existence of extraterrestrial life. Firstly because the plural is used for heavens – ‘Samawaat’, meaning He is not just referring to the sky above us. Secondly, because the word used for creatures here is ‘daabah’. ‘Daabah’ refers to land-dwelling animals that move along the surface of the Earth. Therefore He is not referring to spiritual beings, but literal beings that occupy the Heavens (i.e., outside of Earth).

The famous Qur’an translator Abdullah Yusuf Ali seems to agree. He writes:

…it is reasonable to suppose that life in some form or another is scattered through some of the millions of heavenly bodies scattered through space.”
(The Quran: Text, Translation and Commentary, Ad-Dar Al- ‘Arabiah, Beirut, 1938, 1314)

He isn’t the only one. In a commentary on this verse, Allamah Tabatabai says:

The apparent meaning of this verse is that there are living creatures (Dawab) in the heavens similar to those on earth…”

(Al-Mizan – Volume 18, Page 58)

Islamic theologian Fahir al-Din al-Razi says in his commentary of this verse:

It is not impossible that in the heavens there are species of animals that move just like humans walk on the earth.”

(Religions and extra-terrestrial life, David Weintraub, pg. 165)

Agha Mahdi Puya, the Ayatollah who authored his famous Qur’an tafsir, was quite specific about the existence of alien life. He writes:

Life is not confined to the earth. It is indicated in this verse that life in some form or other is existing in the millions of heavenly bodies scattered through space. The Almighty who created such countless beings has surely the power to bring them together when the trumpet is blown.”

What’s also interesting is the latter portion of the verse, where Allah says ‘He has the power to gather them together whenever he pleases’, emphasising that He can gather these various types of life together. Meaning that if the verse does refer to extraterrestrial life, He could be alluding to contact between beings on Earth and beings living beyond it. Let’s not forget that we look back at many verses today that highlighted hidden mysteries which science later “discovered”, such as living things being made of water, the expansion of the Universe, etc. We may one day look back at this verse and point out that the Qur’an foretold first contact with extraterrestrial life.

However, it’s important to remember that how we interpret this verse is based on how we choose to interpret the word used for Heavens – ‘Samaawat’. Objectively, the word has been used in the Qur’an for multiple meanings, including referring to above, planets in the sky, and the atmosphere on the Earth. So when Allah uses the word ‘Daabah’ in the context of ‘samaawat’ meaning the atmosphere of the Earth, ‘Daabah’ may actually be referring to microscopic life forms or large creatures (like birds) that surround or travel in the atmosphere.

Furthermore, Allah referring to gathering these beings together, could simply be referring to gathering them on the Day of Judgement, and not before.

In another verse, Allah (SWT) says:

Allah is He Who created seven heavens, and of the earth the like thereof. The divine command comes down in their midst, that you may know that Allah has power over all things, and that Allah encompasses all things in His knowledge…”
(Holy Quran: 65:13)

Here Allah alludes to the fact that there are similar, if not identical bodies to Earth. While this may be referring to planets in general, He also reminds us that divine revelation comes down to all of them. This could mean that divine revelation descends to alien life as well.

In another verse, Allah says:

The seven heavens and the earth and those that are in them extol His glory…”
(Holy Quran, 17:45)

Here, Allah uses the pronoun ‘men’ when saying ‘those’, indicating that He is referring to intelligent life that occupies the heavens, or distant star systems, perhaps.

The last verse, which Dr. Yasir Qadhi mentions is perhaps the biggest proof for extraterrestrial life (though he leans toward its existence, as opposed to fully supporting the idea) is where Allah says:

Indeed, We have dignified the children of Adam, carried them on land and sea, granted them good and lawful provisions, and privileged them far above many of Our creatures.”
(Holy Qur’an 17:1)

His point is that Allah is telling us here that we are higher than many other creatures – but not all of them (hence His use of the word ‘many’). And since we know that we are higher than angels, jinn, and animals, this verse is alluding to another form of creation that we are not aware of – perhaps, alien life.

ALIENS IN THE AHADITH

It’s when we begin to look into the ahadith, of the Shia Muslim tradition specifically, that things start to become more interesting.

Imam Jafar Al-Sadiq, famous scholar and 6th Imam of Shia Islam, is quite specific when it comes to this topic. He says:

Maybe you see that God created only this single world and that God did not create humans besides you. Well I swear by God that God created thousands and thousands of other worlds and thousands and thousands of humankind.”
(Bihar Al-Anwar, Vol. 8, p. 375)

Another hadith I came across, also attributed to Imam Al-Sadiq, says:

Allah has created twelve thousand worlds and every one of them is bigger than the seven skies and seven earths together, none of the people of these worlds ever think that Allah has created any other worlds.”

(Khisal, vol. 2, pg. 639, hadith 14)

In another tradition, found in Safinatul Bahar, Imam Ali says:

These stars which are in the sky are like cities similar to the cities on earth, every city with another city (every star with another star) is connected by pillars of light.”
(Safinatul Bahar: Volume 2, Page 574)

While Imam Ali has often used metaphors that the Arabs of his time would understand to describe the Universe (see Nahjul Balagha), it could be said that he is literally referring to alien civilizations here.

Another hadith by the 5th Shia Imam, Imam Mohammed Al-Baqir, states:

Allah has Created this Domain of green aquamarine. It is from its greenery that the sky appears as such’. I said, ‘And what is the Domain?’ He said: ‘The veil. By Allah(azwj), behind that (veil) are seventy thousand worlds, more numerous that the number of the human beings, and the Jinn…”

(Basaair Al Darajaat, pg. 512)

However, while the Shia Muslim literature above seems to essentially confirm the existence of extraterrestrial beings, the authenticity of these narrations up for debate. And even if they are authentic, how one chooses to interpret these hadith is also based on what one is looking for. It could be that the Imams are referring to different dimensions or universes that we just do not (and cannot) understand. Other hadith references that there were peoples who existed before humankind as we know it, meaning the above hadith may fall into a similar category of discussion.

FINAL THOUGHTS

Ultimately, Islamic literature is far from explicit on the existence of alien life. It can be said that, perhaps, some Islamic literature can be interpreted to point toward the existence of life beyond Earth. Whether that be what we consider to be intelligent life, different types of creatures not unlike that which we find in the deepest depths of our oceans, or alien beings whose genetic and societal makeup is beyond our ability to understand, is up to pure speculation.

Much like the conclusion of science, the truth is, we just don’t know, and, at least right now, only Allah does. But after searching the stars enough, perhaps one day we will.

{ https://themuslimvibe.com/ }

07-02-2023 om 20:55 geschreven door peter  

07-02-2023 om 18:43 geschreven door peter