After nearly a decade in development, NASA's supersonic jet dubbed 'Son of Concorde' has successfully completed its first test flight.

The 100-foot, $247million plane, built by Lockheed Martin for NASA, took off from Palmdale Regional Airport in California at about 10:15 EDT on Tuesday. 

After about an hour performing oval-shaped loops, the plane landed safely at NASA's Armstrong Flight Research Center 25 miles further northeast. 

Its peak altitude during the flight was 12,000 feet (3,660 meters) – which is under half that of a commercial plane at cruising altitude – but experts hope it will be able to reach 55,000 feet (16,800 metres). 

Officially known as X-59, the manned aircraft is designed to pave the way for faster air travel at 'supersonic' speeds of up to 925mph. 

At such as speed, it could transport paying passengers from London to New York in under four hours – revolutionizing the industry and freeing up time for busy businesspeople and holidaymakers.

'We are thrilled to achieve the first flight of the X-59,' said OJ Sanchez, vice president and general manager of Lockheed Martin's Skunk Works division. 

'This aircraft is a testament to the innovation and expertise of our joint team, and we are proud to be at the forefront of quiet supersonic technology development.' 

Lockheed Martin, in partnership with NASA, successfully completed the first flight of the X-59, a quiet supersonic aircraft designed to pave the way for faster commercial air travel

The 100-foot, $247million plane, manufactured by Lockheed Martin, took off from Palmdale Regional Airport in California at about 10:15 EDT on Tuesday

According to Lockheed Martin, X-59 performed 'exactly as planned' prior to its safe landing at NASA's Armstrong Flight Research Center. 

However, the single-engine jet only reached speeds of 230mph, which is nowhere near its top speed of 925mph – much faster than the speed of sound (767mph). 

Further test flights in the coming months will 'expand the X-59's flight envelope' and get closer to the plane's top flying speed, the aerospace company said. 

Despite being short of the all-important speed threshold, experts hailed this latest milestone as 'a new era in supersonic flight'. 

Sean Duffy, Secretary of the Department of Transportation and acting NASA administrator, called the experimental plane 'a symbol of American ingenuity'. 

He said: 'The American spirit knows no bounds. It's part of our DNA – the desire to go farther, faster, and even quieter than anyone has ever gone before. 

'This work sustains America's place as the leader in aviation and has the potential to change the way the public flies.' 

X-59 is dubbed 'Son of Concorde' because it would be the first passenger plane to fly at supersonic speeds (faster than the speed of sound) since the days of the retired Anglo-French liner over 20 years ago. 

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On its first flight, NASA's experimental quiet supersonic X-59 aircraft takes off from Runway 7 at Palmdale USAF Plant 42 in Palmdale, California, October 28

Once airborne, the single-engine jet reached speeds of 230mph, which is nowhere near its top speed of 925mph - faster than the speed of sound (767mph)

Further test flights in the coming months will 'expand the X-59's flight envelope' and get closer to the plane's top flying speed

One of the issues with Concorde that led to its retirement in 2003 was the 'sonic booms' it emitted as it flew. 

Described as sounding somewhere between a thunderclap and an explosion, sonic booms happen when shock waves from an object travelling through the air faster than the speed of sound merge together before they reach the ground. 

Concorde's sonic booms were often described as unsettling by members of the public on the ground below, which meant Concorde never replaced slower, more conventional aircraft. 

In contrast, X-59’s thin, tapered nose accounts for almost a third of its length and breaks up the shock waves that usually result in a sonic boom, instead producing a quieter 'thump'. 

Due to X-59's odd configuration, the cockpit is located almost halfway down the length of the aircraft – and the craft does not have a forward-facing window. 

Instead, it's fitted with the 'eXternal Vision System', a series of high-resolution cameras feeding a 4K monitor in the cockpit.

Eventually, NASA – which will be the primary user – will fly the aircraft over cities across the US, which are yet to be selected. 

It will collect feedback about the sound the X-59 generates and how people perceive it before providing the data to the Federal Aviation Administration. 

Dubbed 'son of Concorde', the agency's new 100-foot-long plane is capable of cruising at 1.4 times the speed of sound, or 925 miles per hour

X-59 has been developed by American aerospace firm Lockheed Martin after being awarded the $247.5 million design contract by NASA in 2016 

NASA stresses that X-59 is one of its experimental crafts and is not a commercial airliner designed to carry passengers 

However, if supersonic flight proves to be feasible, bulkier next-gen versions fitted out with passenger seats could transport paying passengers just like Concorde did. 

For 50 years, the US prohibited supersonic flights because of disturbance caused by sonic booms to communities below, which was why Concorde was largely restricted to flights over the Atlantic – namely Paris to New York and London to New York.

Read More

• China is testing supersonic jet that's even faster than 'Son of Concorde': NYC to London in 2 hours 

The legendary plane was the world’s first supersonic airliner and operated for 27 years, but it was grounded in October 2003 largely due to high fuel costs, concern over its noise and a preference for lower fares over speed.

Ever since, no government or manufacturer has since been able to build a commercial plane that can travel faster than the speed of sound – although Lockheed Martin is not the only one trying. 

Another American company called Boom Supersonic is working on its own supersonic craft, called Overture, which is eyeing commercial passenger flights in 2029. 

Meanwhile, China is working on its own experimental supersonic plane, called Yunxing, which could go at three times that of X-59.  

The history of Concorde  

Concorde was a turbojet-powered supersonic passenger jet that was operated from 1976 until 2003.

It had a maximum speed over twice the speed of sound at Mach 2.04 (1,354mph or 2,180k per hour at cruise altitude) and could seat 92 to 128 passengers.

It was first flown in 1969, but needed further tests to establish it as viable as a commercial aircraft. Concorde entered service in 1976.

It is one of only two supersonic transports to have been operated commercially. The other is the Soviet-built Tupolev Tu-144, which ran as a passenger aircraft only for a few years in the 1970s due to safety issues.

Concorde was the world’s first supersonic airliner and operated for 27 years, but it was grounded in October 2003. Pictured is British Airways Concorde G-BOAB taking off with its landing gear still extended over the Cotswolds town of Fairford, Gloucestershire on July 20, 1996, during the annual RAF Fairford airshow

Concorde was jointly developed and manufactured by Aérospatiale and the British Aircraft Corporation (BAC) under an Anglo-French treaty. Concorde's name, meaning harmony or union, reflected the cooperation on the project between the UK and France.   

Concorde was retired in 2003 due to a general downturn in the commercial aviation industry after its only crash in 2000, the September 11 attacks in 2001, and a decision by Airbus, the successor to Aérospatiale and BAC, to discontinue maintenance support. 

It wasn't the first plane to break the sound barrier, however; that achievement was managed by the Bell X-1, piloted by Chuck Yeager, in October 1947.

The legendary rocket engine-powered aircraft, designed and built in 1945, achieved a speed of 700 miles (1,127 kilometers) per hour.

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29-10-2025 om 00:00 geschreven door peter  

Mysterious interstellar visitor set to reveal its true self in just HOURS

• MORE: Scientists reveal all the strange behaviors of interstellar visitor 3I/ATLAS that deepen the mystery of its origins

By CHRIS MELORE, US ASSISTANT SCIENCE EDITOR

The mysterious interstellar visitor traveling through our solar system may finally reveal its true nature in just hours, as scientists wait for it to emerge from behind the sun.  

While many astronomers are convinced the object known as 3I/ATLAS will be confirmed as a comet, some scientists have said the three-mile-long visitor could be an artificially constructed craft that's maneuvering around the solar system.

3I/ATLAS has been obscured by the sun since last week, but it will reach its closest point, called the perihelion, on October 29.

Scientists expect to determine which scenario is correct once they observe exactly where the object exits perihelion, saying that a noticeable shift in its trajectory tomorrow could indicate that 3I/ATLAS is artificially powered.

In space travel, the most effective moment to accelerate or decelerate a spacecraft is when it is closest to a massive body. Firing the engine at this point, an effect known as the Oberth effect, produces the greatest change in speed.

The majority of astronomers have maintained that 3I/ATLAS is simply a strange space rock from a distant solar system that formed under conditions completely foreign to comets in our solar system.

Studies of the interstellar visitor to this point have shown the classic signs of 3I/ATLAS being a comet, including a tail and a coma, a large cloud of gas and dust surrounding it.

However, some researchers have argued that there are still too many irregularities to overlook, including 3I/ATLAS appearing to reverse thrust like a spacecraft as it moved behind the sun from our perspective.

Astronomers observed 3I/ATLAS strangely shift the position of its tail as it approached our sun in October 2025

3I/ATLAS (Pictured) is expected to reach its closest point to the sun on October 29, and a change in its position as it leaves this blind spot could be a sign of intelligence

Harvard physicist Avi Loeb has argued since the object's discovery that 3I/ATLAS could be an 'alien mothership' which could be positioning itself in this blind spot to either change direction or release smaller probes before continuing on its journey.

Loeb said 3I/ATLAS could be completing a maneuver known as the Oberth effect to change its speed and path, which would be a sign that it has an engine and was being controlled by an unknown intelligence.

Astronomers tracking 3I/ATLAS revealed last week that the object performed a dramatic tail reversal, shifting from an unusual 'anti-tail' that was pointing towards the sun to one that was pointing away.

High-resolution observations from the Nordic Optical Telescope in the Canary Islands confirm that this anti-tail seen in July and August 2025 vanished and a new one formed in the opposite direction by September.

The shift is believed to have occurred because the comet's dust and ice particles reacted differently to sunlight.

Early on, large, slow-moving dust grains scattered light sunward, creating the anti-tail.

As 3I/ATLAS moved closer to the sun, rising temperatures ejected more ice fragments and longer-lived dust particles, producing the tail that now points away like a traditional comet moving through space.

However, Loeb has noted that 3I/ATLAS shed very little of its mass as it has moved closer to the sun, meaning the true nature of the object's chemical makeup is still a mystery.

3I/ATLAS is widely thought to be a comet, but scientists like Professor Avi Loeb maintain that unusual clues point to the object being a spacecraft

3I/ATLAS appears to be coated in nickel, which astronomers believe is responsible for giving the object a green glow

Through October 2025, the supposed comet has seen about two million tons melt away as it approached the sun, which is just a tiny fraction of the 33billion tons Loeb has calculated the giant object to weigh.

• Mysterious interstellar object is morphing in unexplained ways as it moves closer to Earth

Moreover, Loeb told the Daily Mail that scientists still can't explain how 3I/ATLAS is releasing nickel in a gaseous form as it moves around the sun.

'Nobody understands how nickel can be released into the gas form, because you need a special process for that, and the temperatures are not high enough to release the nickel, so that's a puzzle,' Loeb explained.

Nickel is a metal used by Earth-made space technology to shield against the extreme heat from booster engines, and 3I/ATLAS seems to be coated in it.

Until now, astronomers have only seen nickel alongside deposits of iron in nature, but Loeb noted that there have been no signs of iron in 3I/ATLAS at all. 

'That is unprecedented in comets. So, it's not so much the existence of nickel. It's the nickel without iron, which we only know about in the context of nickel alloys that we produce industrially for spacecraft,' the professor added.

While Loeb said any drastic change in 3I/ATLAS speed, course, or size when it emerges from the sun would be a clear sign of intelligence, other scientists still believe these changes still fall in line with normal comet behavior.

Austrian astronomer Michael Jäger told Daily Mail: 'Even though there were some unusual things about this comet, I still assume that we are observing a comet here.' 

'This is because 3I/ATLAS has not changed its course or its calculated speed so far,' Jäger continued.

The scientist added that even if the interstellar object splits apart as it emerges from the sun, that's not uncommon for comets, which have been observed breaking apart as they travel through space. 

'A split of a comet would not be so unusual. Just a few weeks ago, the split of comet 240P/NEAT was confirmed,' Jäger concluded.

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/index.html }

28-10-2025 om 23:01 geschreven door peter  

Scientists are baffled after discovering 'impossible' life hidden beneath the Arctic sea ice

• READ MORE: Microbes trapped in permafrost AWAKEN after 40,000 years

By JONATHAN CHADWICK, ASSISTANT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EDITOR 

Scientists have been left baffled after finding 'impossible' life thriving at the north pole.

The tiny microorganisms, invisible to the naked eye, live just beneath the frozen surface of the central Arctic Ocean.

Discovered by experts at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark, these bacteria survive on dissolved organic matter in the cold water. 

They also need to convert nitrogen to survive, but bewilderingly, the gas is generally in short supply in the Arctic Ocean. 

So how exactly the creatures are thriving in the water has left the scientists scratching their heads. 

'[We] have discovered an important phenomenon beneath the Arctic sea ice that was previously thought impossible,' they say in a statement. 

'This phenomenon could have implications for the food chain and the carbon budget in the cold north.' 

The researchers also warn that there is less sea ice in the Arctic than there should be due to global warming, which may actually help the organisms to survive. 

According to the researchers, the tiny organisms are officially known as 'non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs'. These microorganisms, primarily bacteria and archaea, can convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form, but do not photosynthesize like cyanobacteria

Researchers om the University of Copenhagen have discovered an important phenomenon beneath the Arctic sea ice that was previously thought impossible

According to the researchers, the tiny organisms are officially known as 'non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs'.

These are 'nitrogen-fixing' bacteria, meaning they need to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form of nitrogen, such as ammonium, to stay alive.

Unlike other many other underwater bacteria, non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs (NCDs) do not photosynthesize. 

The team's field work involved measurements of nitrogen fixation from water samples at 13 different Arctic locations from aboard the research ship RV Polarstern.

The experts found a surprising high nitrogen fixation rates, especially at the ice edge, where the ice melts most actively.

What's odd is that nitrogen is in relatively short supply in the Arctic Ocean, meaning nitrogen fixers shouldn't be able to thrive there. 

'Until now, it was believed that nitrogen fixation could not take place under the sea ice,' said study author Dr Lisa W. von Friesen.  

'It was assumed that the living conditions for the organisms that perform nitrogen fixation were too poor. We were wrong.'

The team's field work involved measurements of nitrogen fixation at several Arctic locations over two trips in 2021 and 2022

Pictured, researcher taking measurements of nitrogen fixation in water samples from the Arctic Ocean aboard German research vessel RV Polarstern

In the Arctic Ocean, NCDs and other bacteria feed on dissolved organic matter released by algae, among other things.

In return, the bacteria release the 'fixed' nitrogen (ammonium), which helps algae in the surrounding water to grow.

Unfortunately, too much algae growth in the Arctic can be bad news as it can lead to out of control 'algal blooms' which are toxic and harmful to fish, shellfish, marine mammals and more.  

According to Dr von Friesen, the results suggest the potential for algae production in the Arctic has been underestimated.

What's more, climate change is likely the ultimate cause of the observed changes.  

In the Arctic, sea ice goes through a seasonal cycle each year, spreading in the autumn and winter and then receding in the spring and summer. 

But due to climate change, temperatures are getting higher overall and the Arctic sea ice extent is getting lower on average.

Researchers warn that the Arctic is warming at rates up to four times faster than the global average, which has caused major declines in sea ice coverage, age, and thickness. 

The researchers are the first to discover that the phenomenon of 'nitrogen fixation' occurs beneath sea ice even in the central Arctic Ocean

Measurements were taken at 13 different locations in the Arctic Ocean aboard the German research ship RV Polarstern

Read More

• Microbes trapped in permafrost AWAKEN after 40,000 years - they could spark next pandemic 

According to the researchers, areas of actively-melting sea ice generally have more nitrogen fixation compared with ice-covered parts of the Arctic. 

It seems likely therefore that climate change is to blame for this elevated pattern of nitrogen fixation that they have observed. 

Strangely, stretches of open water have similar levels of nitrogen as ice-covered areas, but the team aren't sure why this is. 

The study, published in Communications Earth & Environment, is the first to show the phenomenon of nitrogen fixation occurs beneath sea ice even in the central Arctic.

Therefore, nitrogen fixation should be considered 'in the equation' when people try to predict what will happen to the Arctic Ocean in the coming decades as sea ice declines, the authors add. 

WHAT IS THE NITROGEN CYCLE?

Nitrogen (N) makes up almost 80 per cent of our atmosphere and is essential for plants and animals.

The carbon-nitrogen bond is one of the most abundant in organic chemistry. 

Animals need it to to make proteins, which forms everything we need to live. 

In plants it forms the basis of enzymes, proteins and chlorophyll.

Ecosystems need nitrogen and other nutrients to absorb carbon dioxide pollution and there is a limited amount available in plants and soil. 

However, it is inert and most useful to life when turned into nitrates or nitrogen compounds.

The nitrogen cycle is the process by which the element is used and then fed back into the system.

Nitrogen (N) makes up almost 80 per cent of our atmosphere and is essential for plants and animals. The nitrogen cycle is the process by which the element is used and then fed back into the system

Nitrogen-fixing organisms convert nitrogen into the soil from the air. 

Lightening is another way in which nitrogen reaches the soil from the air.

Nitrification is the process by which ammonia (a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen) that is in the soil is converted into nitrates by bacteria. 

Plants then take up these nitrates through their roots.  

When the plant dies this nitrogen is goes back into the soil. 

Alternatively if the plant is eaten by an animal the nitrogen returns to the soil in their waste.

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/index.html }

28-10-2025 om 22:08 geschreven door peter  

Artikel door businessam.be

China ontwikkelt geavanceerde militaire AI om de Verenigde Staten in te halen

Key takeaways

• Het Chinese leger ontwikkelt actief AI-mogelijkheden om de prestaties op het slagveld te verbeteren en wil de Verenigde Staten op dit gebied overtreffen.
• Ondanks inspanningen om binnenlandse hardware te gebruiken, vertrouwt het Chinese leger nog steeds op Nvidia-chips voor geavanceerde AI-toepassingen.
• DeepSeek, een toonaangevend Chinees AI-model, domineert het AI-landschap van de PLA, wat de nadruk van Peking op binnenlands ontwikkelde oplossingen toont.

China is actief bezig met de ontwikkeling van geavanceerde artificiële intelligentie (AI) voor militaire doeleinden, met als doel de Verenigde Staten in te halen in de aanhoudende wapenwedloop. Deze ontwikkeling wordt gestimuleerd door DeepSeek, een toonaangevend Chinees AI-model, en weerspiegelt het streven van Peking naar “algoritmische soevereiniteit”, waarbij de afhankelijkheid van westerse technologie wordt verminderd en de controle over kritieke digitale infrastructuur wordt versterkt.

Uit een overzicht van talloze onderzoekspapers, patenten en aanbestedingsdossiers blijkt dat China systematisch probeert om AI voor militaire doeleinden te gebruiken. Hoewel specifieke details over de functionaliteit van deze wapens van de volgende generatie vertrouwelijk blijven, geven aankoopdocumenten en patenten inzicht in de vooruitgang op gebieden zoals autonome doelherkenning en realtime beslissingsondersteuning op het slagveld, die de vooruitgang van de VS weerspiegelen.

Gebruik van Nvidia-chips houdt aan

Het Chinese leger blijft Nvidia-chips gebruiken, waaronder modellen die onder Amerikaanse exportcontroles vallen, hoewel het onduidelijk is of deze chips werden aangeschaft voordat de beperkingen werden opgelegd. Recente patentaanvragen suggereren dat militaire onderzoeksinstituten Nvidia-hardware blijven gebruiken. Nvidia beweert dat het recyclen van kleine hoeveelheden oude chips geen risico vormt voor de nationale veiligheid, maar de Amerikaanse overheid heeft geen commentaar gegeven op deze bevindingen.

Als reactie op de druk vanuit Peking, schakelt het Chinese leger steeds meer over op het gebruik van in eigen land geproduceerde hardware, zoals de AI-chips van Huawei. Deze ontwikkeling is duidelijk zichtbaar in PLA-aankoopberichten en patentaanvragen, hoewel onafhankelijke verificatie moeilijk blijft.

DeepSeek domineert landschap

De populariteit van DeepSeek binnen de PLA weerspiegelt zijn dominantie in het nationale AI-landschap. Een dozijn aanbestedingen die dit jaar zijn uitgeschreven door PLA-entiteiten refereerden aan DeepSeek-modellen, terwijl er slechts één melding maakte van Qwen van Alibaba, een rivaliserend AI-platform. Deze trend suggereert dat China de voorkeur geeft aan binnenlands ontwikkelde oplossingen.

Chinese militaire onderzoekers ontwikkelen diverse AI-toepassingen, waaronder robothonden die autonoom verkenningswerk in groepen uitvoeren, zwermen drones die zelfstandig doelen opsporen, en geavanceerde oorlogssimulaties. Eerder zette de Chinese fabrikant Unitree bewapende robothonden in tijdens militaire oefeningen, wat de vooruitgang van het land op het gebied van robotica illustreert.

Autonome technologieën voor het slagveld

Het PLA investeert ook in steeds meer autonome technologieën voor het slagveld. Octrooiaanvragen onthullen pogingen om AI in drones te integreren voor doelherkenning, tracering en gecoördineerde operaties met minimale menselijke tussenkomst. Hoewel Chinese defensiefunctionarissen aandringen op het behoud van menselijke controle over wapensystemen, blijft er bezorgdheid bestaan over de mogelijkheid van ongecontroleerde inzet van AI-munitie.

China blijft vertrouwen op chips van Nvidia, ondanks pogingen om binnenlandse alternatieven te vinden. Hoewel de aankoopgegevens wijzen op een verschuiving naar Huawei Ascend chips, wordt Nvidia hardware nog steeds vaak genoemd in onderzoek dat wordt uitgevoerd door academici die aan het leger gelieerd zijn. Dit duidt op een voortdurende afhankelijkheid van geavanceerde westerse technologieën, zelfs als China ernaar streeft om zelfvoorzienend te zijn. (uv)

{ https://businessam.be/ }

28-10-2025 om 21:14 geschreven door peter  

Astronomer Scott Sheppard discovered 2025 SC79, marked here in two images showing its motion relative to background stars. 

Credit: Photographs courtesy of Scott S. Sheppar

Discovered by Carnegie Science astronomer Scott S. Sheppard, 2025 SC79 completes its journey around the Sun every 128 days, making it the second-fastest asteroid known in our Solar System.

A Stealthy, High-Speed Space Object

2025 SC79 is unique for reasons other than its difficult-to-spot location and high-speed trips around the Sun. It also happens to be the second object astronomers have discovered that has an orbit inside of Venus.

In the images above, 2025 SC79 can be seen moving relative to background stars on the night of its discovery

(images courtesy of Scott Sheppard/Carnegie Science).

The unique asteroid also traverses the orbit of Mercury during its speeding Solar journeys, making its speed second only to a 2021 discovery—also made by Sheppard and his colleagues—which revealed asteroid 2021 PH27.

2021 PH27 also has one of the shortest orbital periods of any known space object, second only to planet Mercury. Due to the extreme proximity to the Sun of objects like it and the newly discovered 2025 SC79, they undergo the most extreme relativistic effects of any objects known to exist in our Solar System.

According to a statement accompanying the discovery, Carnegie Science’s Magellan telescope, as well as the National Science Foundation’s Gemini telescope, were used to confirm the detection of 2025 SC79.

Hidden Threats Near the Sun

Sheppard is uniquely positioned to make such discoveries, since his work focuses on objects like planetary moons, so-called “dwarf planets,” and asteroids. However, with the discovery of these lurking space objects hidden in the Sun’s glare, which astronomers sometimes call “twilight” asteroids, his work also plays a fundamental role in the detection of objects that are potentially at risk of impacting the Earth.

One of the most notable examples of a space object taking Earth off guard with its approach from the direction of the Sun was the 2013 Chelyabinsk meteor event, which was famously documented by dash cameras in vehicles and other cameras while going unseen by astronomers. Of course, coming from the direction of the Sun makes it very difficult—if not impossible—for such objects to be detected beforehand while obscured by the powerful glare.

The event served as a wake-up call for astronomers and prompted planetary defense efforts like those now conducted by Sheppard to help reduce the likelihood that we will be taken off guard by the arrival of such objects in the future.

“The most dangerous asteroids are the most difficult to detect,” Sheppard recently said.

Twilight Asteroids

“Most asteroid research finds these objects in the dark of night, where they are easiest to spot,” he says, although “twilight” asteroids draw their nickname from being objects that can only be observed during twilight due to their proximity to the Sun.

“If these ‘twilight’ asteroids approach Earth, they could pose serious impact hazards,” he says.

In Sheppard’s work, which receives funding from NASA, the National Science Foundation’s Blanco 4-meter telescope and its specialized Dark Energy Camera is employed to search for any potentially deadly asteroids that may similarly be lurking in the Sun’s glare.

Beyond the detection of potential “planet killers” hiding near the Sun, the research also contributes significant information about the formation of our Solar System and its current makeup.

Future Observations and Possible Origins

Presently, 2025 SC79 is on its making its way behind the Sun, where, just like the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS, it will remain invisible to astronomers for the next several weeks.

However, future observations will help astronomers like Sheppard reveal clues about 2025 SC79’s composition, as well as how the object can withstand the imposing heat produced by the Sun at such close distances.

Sheppard says that a large number of similar objects in our Solar System inhabit one of two primary asteroid belts, although changes that occasionally occur with them can sometimes send objects into much closer orbits, which makes them even more difficult to detect.

“Understanding how they arrived at these locations can help us protect our planet,” Sheppard says, “and also help us learn more about Solar System history.”

• Micah Hanks is the Editor-in-Chief and Co-Founder of The Debrief. A longtime reporter on science, defense, and technology with a focus on space and astronomy, he can be reached at micah@thedebrief.org. Follow him on X @MicahHanks, and at micahhanks.com.

{ https://thedebrief.org/category/space/ }

27-10-2025 om 22:45 geschreven door peter  

Most of us recognize only three types of precipitation: rain, snow, and sleet. However, scientists have long felt that this list needs to be expanded and refined. A group of researchers from the University of Michigan and NASA decided to apply the power of machine learning to reveal the true diversity of types of precipitation falling from the sky. The result of their years of work is a revolutionary classification system that not only improves the accuracy of forecasts but also has the potential to save lives.

Why are forecasts wrong?

The classic idea that snow only falls when temperatures are below zero and rain only falls when temperatures are above zero is simplistic. In fact, in the range from -3°C to +5°C, both rain and snow are equally possible—it all depends on the conditions inside the clouds and the surrounding environment. This is why even the most advanced weather models often fail to accurately predict precipitation. Satellites can see clouds clearly from space, but they cannot determine exactly what will fall to the surface.

How a machine was taught to see rain

To fill this gap, scientists installed a special camera system called the Precipitation Imaging Package (PIP) at strategic locations in the United States, Canada, and Europe. This system, equipped with a high-speed camera, has collected data over the past nine years. The result is a collection of 1.5 million measurements, supplemented by information from ground-based weather stations.

Such a large amount of information can only be processed using artificial intelligence. Researchers created two machine learning models: a simple linear one and a more complex nonlinear one. The latter took into account the complex interactions between particles and ultimately prevailed, reducing the number of errors in determining the type of precipitation by 36% compared to the linear method.

Nine types of precipitation

The final system developed by the scientists was named UMAP. It not only simplifies complex data, but also identifies three key factors that determine precipitation: particle characteristics, intensity, and phase. Thanks to this, UMAP identified nine types of precipitation:

1. Drizzle — light, steady rainfall
2. Heavy rainfall — intense rainfall with numerous small drops
3. Light rain-to-mix transition — light sleet with dense ice pellets
4. Heavy rain-to-mix transition — intense sleet with dense ice pellet
5. Light mixed-phase — a low volume of slushy, partially frozen particles
6. Heavy mixed-phase — a high volume of slushy, partially frozen particles
7. Heavy snow-to-mix transition — large snowflakes and aggregate particleLight snowfall — light, fluffy snowfall
8. Heavy snowfall — an intense, heavy snowstorm

As climatologist and co-author of the study Claire Pettersen explains, the benefits of the new system are both immediate and long-term.

“In the short term, better forecasting can help people adjust their daily commute or prepare for big events like floods or an ice storm,” she noted. “On longer time scales, it can help predict how snowpack or runoff timing will change fresh water availability for a region.”

To make their discoveries accessible not only to scientists, the researchers created an interactive graph and an easy-to-understand interface for all weather enthusiasts. All information is also published in the Deep Blue Data repository for those who want to delve deeper into the details.

We previously reported on how climate swings could become more severe by 2028.

• According to popsci.com

• Posted in Science

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 { https://universemagazine.com/en/articles-en/ }

27-10-2025 om 21:47 geschreven door peter  

Imagine this, a glowing orb anywhere from the size of a golf ball to a basketball floating silently through the air, or even through walls, and lasting for up to a minute or more. 

Daily Mail's Shivali Best explores the bizarre weather phenomenon that has baffled scientists for 750 years.

Click above to watch in full. 

Ball lightning is one of the strangest and least understood weather phenomena on Earth. It is a glowing orb anywhere from the size of a golf ball to a basketball floating silently through the air, or even through walls, and lasting for up to a minute or more.

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/index.html }

27-10-2025 om 21:31 geschreven door peter  

Revealed: What the world will look like in 2100 - so, can you guess where each location is?

• READ MORE: Map reveals English locations that could go underwater by 2050

By JONATHAN CHADWICK, ASSISTANT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EDITOR 

Climate change has previously been described as 'the greatest threat to our existence'. 

Now, an online game lets you see the damage climate change will do to the world in just 75 years' time. 

The free game, called FutureGuessr, presents hundreds of AI-generated locations as they're expected to look in 2100. 

According to scientists who created the game, FutureGuessr shows what will happen if no action is taken' to stop carbon emissions.  

From flooding to wildfires and drought, heatwaves and storms, global warming will change the face of the planet as we know it. 

'Showing the future of recognisable places we care about might be powerful in building support for climate action,' they say in The Conversation. 

'Games can create space for serious conversations about how to tackle climate change.'

Six locations from the game are included below – so, can you guess where they are? Scroll down for the answers! 

An online game lets you see the damage climate change will do to the world in just 75 years' time. Pictured: what London could look like in 2100

The free game, called FutureGuessr, presents hundreds of AI-generated locations as they're expected to look in 2100. Pictured: New Orleans in 2100 as imagined by the game

Image 1

Firstly, this image If a location in North America (below) is currently considered the world's largest intact forest ecosystem.  

Measuring 270 million hectares, it stores carbon, purifies the air and water, and regulates the climate.

But 75 years from now, FutureGuessr shows it to be a fiery landscape burnt to the ground with hellish orange skies and toxic smoke. 

According to experts, the whole territory 'will be reshaped by frequent wildfires, invasive insects and a reduced ability to absorb carbon'. 

'Wildfires will release millions of tons of CO2, weaken natural carbon sinks, and further accelerate global warming.'

Image 2

Today this serene oasis, a UNESCO world heritage site, comprises an abundance of palm trees, stunning waters and imposing cliffs. 

IMAGE 1: This forest in North America is reduced to a hellish landscape ravaged by wildfires in the year 2100

IMAGE 2: This UNESCO world heritage site will be a desiccated dessert landscape where vegetation cannot grow

How to play 

1. Go to the FutureGuessr webpage and select your language (English or French)
2. Hit the green button marked 'play' and you'll be presented with an image of a location, as it will look in 2100
3. Holding and dragging the screen lets you get a 360-degree view of your surroundings 
4. You then have to then identify the location by tapping on a map and tapping 'guess'
5. The game will tell you how far off you were in kilometres.  

But according to experts, this green sanctuary will be slowly buried under sand due to droughts and rising temperatures. 

The image shows cracked ground due to lack of rainwater and freshwater, leading to the loss of vegetation.

'Agriculture will become impossible and inhabitants may be forced to leave,' the site says. 

Image 3

Today, this area of Europe is packed with rolling golden hills, historical architecture, luscious vineyards and century-old olive trees.

But by 2100 these treasured features, which draw tourists from around the world, will turn reddish and cracked under the sun.

Rainfall will decline, but arrive in more violent bursts here, which means vineyards will struggle with low yields of poorer quality – which is bad news for wine lovers.

Experts say this part of the nation's countryside may 'lose its fertility and its charm' if summer temperatures here rise by just 4°C/7.2°F. 

Image 3: Rolling golden hills, once lined with century-old olive trees and terraced vineyards, will turn reddish and cracked under the sun

IMAGE 4: This location will be a withered 'landscape of ashes and scorched trunks' because of frequent uncontrollable wildfires

Image 4

Today it's a national park covering over 1.1 million acres, with grand conifers reaching more than 200 feet tall. 

But by 2100, this next location will be a withered 'landscape of ashes and scorched trunks' because of frequent uncontrollable wildfires. 

These vulnerable trees described as 'ancient giants' will be trapped in a climate that is too dry and too hot – factors known to make wildfires more intense. 

Smoke from the fires will also worsen air pollution and negatively impact public health.

Researchers warn that by as soon as 2050, nearly half of the forest could be at risk.  

Image 5 

This Asian 'megacity' will be 'fighting to stay above water' by 2100 when global warming has melted Earth's glaciers and ice sheets. 

IMAGE 5: This Asian 'megacity' facing a northern coast will be 'fighting to stay above water' by 2100, experts predict 

IMAGE 6: Experts say this region will be 'only cracked soil swept by scorching winds and abandoned greenhouses glinting under a now-hostile sun' 

Currently home to around 10 million residents, the northern part of the city nearer to the coast will already have vanished beneath the waves. 

Experts say it will be largely 'uninhabitable' with saltwater from the seas eroding soil, forcing thousands of families to flee. 

Read More

• The cities that 'will be flooded by global warming by 2100' - so, can you tell where they are? 

Image 6

Lastly, this image looks more like from the surface of Mars than anywhere on Earth, with sandy particles filling the air. 

But according to experts, this agricultural region shows what is already one of the driest places in Europe. 

By 2100, it will be a otherworldly desert zone with no more orchards or fields, but only cracked soil 'swept by scorching winds' under a hostile sun.

It will be 'stripped of its resources and its people' as the land will be to try to farm.

Locations that will be drastically altered by 2100 due to climate change - so did you guess them correctly?

1. Boreal forest of Canada 
2. Iherir oasis, Algeria 
3. Tuscany, Italy
4. Sequoia National Forest, California
5. Jakarta, Indonesia 
6. Almería, Spain

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/index.html }

27-10-2025 om 21:16 geschreven door peter  

Mind-blowing Proof we live in a simulation and interdenominational black hole travel is possible on our roads! 👽

Date of discovery: Oct 25, 2025

Location of discovery: UK 

Coordinates: 52°44'53"N 0°52'06"W

 

Guys check this video out I made this morning. This is 100% proof that we live in a simulation and that we and others can move through a inter-dimensional black hole any time we please. It looks like aliens are taking full advantage of this glitch in our matrix by using it like a universal freeway. 

Scott C. Waring 

RELATED

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

26-10-2025 om 22:45 geschreven door peter  

Mind-blowing 10km UFO spotted on earth's moon in nasa archives, UAP paranormal sighting news.

 I found this 10.6 km long UFO parked in a crater back in 2011 and just wanted to make a small update about it. Check out the video below and see for yourself. If you go to my site on your phone, I teach you how to not only see it, but download it for later use. 

Scott C. Waring 

 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

26-10-2025 om 22:36 geschreven door peter  

Strange thins on Mars, alien base on crater edge, UFO UAP sighting paranormal news, wow!

Date of discovery: Oct 24, 2025

Location of discovery: Mars

 

Again, I am using a NASA map, not a google map so there are no coordinates I can give to find this. NASA tries to keep the public in the dark in this way and in many other ways like blurring planets images, cutting out feed when satellites pass near alien craft, and making Mars surface rover photos into a brown red haze instead of leaving it original color which...reveals it looks just like Earth. 

Scott Waring

 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

26-10-2025 om 22:31 geschreven door peter  

How does NASA hide these things? 🧐 UFO UAP sighting news 📰 Alien base on Mars, Ancient Aliens?

Date of discovery: Found it in 2024, but found it again by accident.

Location of discovery: Mars

 

This is a huge L shaped structure on Mars. It's 100% real, no ai and it's there. I used a map that doesn't use coordinates so I can't post that. But if you look at my video while looking at Google Mars, you may find it, unless Google themselves deleted it. 

Scott C. Waring 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

26-10-2025 om 22:22 geschreven door peter  

Found this on planet Venus today, thoughts? UFO UAP sighting news. 📰 aliens base so close to. 😱

Date of discovery: Oct 20, 2025

Location of discovery: Venus

 

Watch this discovery of mine on Planet Venus and go to youtube to tell me your thoughts. Mind-blowing stuff and 100% proof intelligent beings far beyond our technology live there. 

Scott C. Waring 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

26-10-2025 om 22:13 geschreven door peter  

Learn why scientists are cautiously optimistic about the potential biosignatures found in the Sapphire Canyon rock sample.

Tyler Lacoma

Just last week, NASA's Perseverance rover dropped some major news from Mars that has everyone talking. A tiny rock sample, dramatically named "Sapphire Canyon," is showing tantalizing hints of what scientists call biosignatures. In plain English? Potential signs that ancient, alien life might have once existed on the Red Planet.

Perseverance snagged this promising sample from a rock in Jezero Crater, which happens to be a dried-up ancient riverbed. The fact that this area was once flush with water is a huge deal, since that's a key ingredient for life as we know it. While this isn't a smoking gun for little green men, it's a massive clue. 

As one NASA scientist put it, finding proof of past life would seriously "increase the possibility that some form of life has survived" underground on Mars today -- a pretty wild thought to chew on.

Life on Mars?

So, does this finally confirm that life once existed on Mars? It's a very good start, and the most significant lead NASA has found so far. Dr. Rench was clear on this point. "This discovery significantly increases our chances of finding ancient signatures of life at Mars. It suggests the possibility of life on Mars several billion years ago. It does not provide any evidence for life on Mars today."

The data collected by Perseverance using its onboard instruments (X-ray lithochemistry and NASA's SHERLOC scanner) was peer-reviewed and appears promising, but it doesn't absolutely confirm life. More tests and input are needed for that, and the samples could have been generated from a natural chemical process without the presence of life. But scientists are excited about these signs and eager to learn more.

What kind of Mars life are we talking about? It's not the sort that comes in peace, or goes much of anywhere. The possible biosignatures indicate small, microbial life. Sapphire Canyon showed signs of vivianite and greigite. Vivianite, in particular, is found on Earth's peat bogs and swamps, while greigite is a byproduct some earth microbes leave behind. Think of this finding like a potential algae or swamp scum.

NASA is working on analyzing the data, running more tests and sharing the results with other scientists around the world to see what more they can learn. There's a lot to rule out, from accidental sample contamination to the likelihood of nonorganic origins. That's tough to do from millions of miles away, but NASA is on the case.

RELATED VIDEOS

{ https://www.cnet.com/news/ }

26-10-2025 om 21:53 geschreven door peter  

Aliens may be hiding in five or six underwater UFO bases US congressman claims

According to Congressman Tim Burchett of Tennessee, alien "entities" are already residing in Earth's deep waters

By Mataeo Smith

According to Congressman Tim Burchett of Tennessee, alien "entities" are already residing in Earth's deep waters. Social media was rocked by the assertions made by the member of the House Oversight Committee that deals with UFO cases.

Burchett made the suggestion that intelligent alien entities or civilizations might have been lurking beneath the water for "millennia" in a now-viral video that was uploaded to X on September 17.

“There have been frequent sightings of unidentified craft in about five or six specific deep sea areas,” Burchett stated in a sidewalk interview with Red Panda Koala, a UFO researcher and documentary maker.

"We have naval personnel telling me that we have sightings ... of these underwater crafts that they're chasing," he said.

The author and researcher who specializes in extraterrestrial phenomena claimed to have also had conversations with reliable informants who verified the existence of these undersea outposts, including high-ranking military and executive branch personnel.

According to Dr. Salla, AUTEC, a top-secret undersea facility run by the US Navy, is comparable to Area 51. That particular area of the Atlantic Ocean was home to the Atlantic Undersea Testing and Evaluation Centre, or AUTEC.

"Just to the right of it is the Tongue of the Ocean, which is a very deep part of the ocean there in the Bahamas," he said on the Redacted podcast on September 19. It drops off immediately around 3000 ft."

"So that's ideal for a submarine, but it's also a place where people have seen many UFOs, many underwater crafts coming into and leaving the water."

Dr. Salla claimed to have spoken with two eyewitnesses, one of which was a US Army whistleblower who went by the moniker JP, who claimed to have visited these covert bases.

• Blind psychic Baba Vanga predicts alien contact in 2025
• NASA uncovers signs dwarf planet Ceres may have once hosted alien life
• Scientist claims mystery object hurtling towards Earth is an alien craft
• UFO witness tells Congress of terrifying 'glowing red square' - 'It came at us'
• Leaked video of US Hellfire missile travelling at 1,000 mph ‘bouncing’ off UFO

RELATED VIDEOS

{ ttps://www.the-express.com/news  }

26-10-2025 om 20:48 geschreven door peter  

Alien hunters claim they have 'solved' Roswell mystery as new 'crash site footage' emerges

The Roswell Incident has resurfaced on the US National Archives website and has sparked fresh speculation over one of the world's most enduring UFO mysteries

By Aaron Tinney, Maria Villarroel

The extraterrestrial fanatics claim to have made this discovery after a 22-minute video titled The Roswell Incident quietly appeared on the US National Archives website.

This has reignited speculation over one of the world's most persistent UFO mysteries. The footage, primarily composed of images from the published Roswell Report and various magazines and books about UFOs, concludes with a striking black-and-white image of a crater littered with metallic debris.

Internet users are adamant that the scene mirrors long-standing accounts of the alleged 1947 UFO crash site.

Some argue that the footage reveals an alien body, although experts remain doubtful. UFO researcher Mark Lee stated: "Just because it's been added to the National Archives doesn't give it scientific validation. If it came out as a release from the military or Congress, I would take it a lot more seriously."

DON'T MISS...

{ ttps://www.the-express.com/news  }

26-10-2025 om 20:17 geschreven door peter  

Two spacecraft will pass right through comet 3I/ATLAS' tail

{ https://www.livescience.com/space }

25-10-2025 om 23:08 geschreven door peter  

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

25-10-2025 om 22:51 geschreven door peter  

Debunking the Myth of Alien Construction and Advanced Technology in the Building of the Egyptian Pyramids

Abstract

The construction of the Egyptian pyramids has long fascinated scholars, historians, and the general public alike. Amidst the grandiosity of these ancient structures, numerous conspiracy theories have emerged, claiming that aliens, secret technologies, or lasers were responsible for their construction. This paper aims to critically evaluate these claims by analyzing archaeological evidence, technological feasibility, and historical context. Through an examination of the methods actually used by ancient Egyptians, it becomes clear that the pyramids were built with simple tools, sound organizational practices, and basic principles of physics, rather than extraterrestrial assistance or futuristic machinery. The widespread myths of alien involvement are not supported by scientific or archaeological data and often stem from misinterpretations propagated by social media and popular culture.

Introduction

The Egyptian pyramids, particularly the Great Pyramid of Giza, represent extraordinary achievements in ancient engineering and construction technology. Constructed around 2580–2560 BCE during the Fourth Dynasty, these structures demonstrate sophisticated knowledge of mathematics, architecture, and resource management. Contemporary archaeological evidence, including quarry marks, tool marks, and worker settlements, indicates that the pyramids were built using a large labor force of skilled workers, not slaves, employing thousands of copper tools, simple machines such as ramps, and precise planning. Modern engineering analyses have shown that the alignment with cardinal points and the pyramid’s geometric accuracy resulted from advanced understanding of astronomy and geometry. Despite popular misconceptions, there is no scientific evidence to support claims that extraterrestrial beings or lost advanced technologies were necessary for their construction. Instead, the achievement is a testament to the ingenuity, organization, and cumulative knowledge of ancient Egyptian society, which relied on human skill and environmentally accessible materials. Recognizing this helps appreciate the remarkable human capacity for innovation through available resources and systematic planning.

Historical Context of Pyramid Construction

The historical development of pyramid construction in ancient Egypt reflects a remarkable interplay of architectural innovation, technological advancement, and sophisticated organizational skills that spanned over three millennia. The earliest known example, the Step Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara, constructed around 2670 BCE during the Third Dynasty, marks a significant departure from earlier mastaba tombs. Designed by the AI-architect Imhotep, this step pyramid employed a series of stacked mastabas of decreasing size, showcasing an early use of limestone and a profound understanding of structural stability and spatial planning grounded in empirical observation and trial-and-error methods.

Over subsequent centuries, Egyptian architects refined their techniques, leading to the development of the true, smooth-sided pyramids. The culmination of this evolution is epitomized by the Great Pyramid of Giza (approximately 2560 BCE), built under Pharaoh Khufu. This structure utilized an intricate system of precisely cut limestone blocks, effectively ensuring geometric precision, stability, and durability. The construction process involved complex logistical arrangements, such as quarrying, transportation, and assembly, facilitated by a large workforce comprised of skilled artisans, laborers, and administrative personnel, all coordinated through an organized hierarchical system.

The progression from step pyramids to true pyramids was driven by both religious symbolism and architectural experimentation, reflecting an increasing understanding of geometry, materials science, and engineering principles. The enduring nature of these monuments, many of which have survived millennia, underscores the Egyptians’ mastery of ancient construction techniques rooted in empirical methods augmented by early scientific concepts of stability, load distribution, and material properties. Consequently, the evolution of pyramid construction exemplifies a cumulative process of technological innovation grounded in scientific principles and sophisticated social organization.

Challenging the Myth of Alien Architects

The hypothesis that extraterrestrial beings engineered the Egyptian pyramids is unsupported by empirical evidence. No artifacts, iconography, or textual records indicate alien involvement; rather, archaeological findings reveal that ancient Egyptians utilized sophisticated engineering principles, meticulous planning, and manual labor. Radiocarbon dating and material analysis confirm the chronological consistency with known development of early technology. The employment of copper tools, lever systems, and mathematical understanding facilitated monumental construction, aligning with documented archaeological and historical data. Claims of advanced energy sources, such as lasers or electricity, are anachronistic, as no scientific basis exists for such technologies in ancient Egypt. Modern research underscores the ingenuity and resourcefulness of human civilization in achieving these architectural feats independently, debunking extraterrestrial conspiracy theories.

Myth Busting: Technology and Methods

1. The Use of Simple Machines and Tools Contrary to popular belief, the Egyptians did not require advanced machinery. They utilized straightforward devices such as levers, rollers, sledges, and inclined planes. Experiments by modern engineers, including Wally Wallington, have shown that moving heavy stones (weighing tens of thousands of kilograms) is feasible using basic physics principles. For instance, placing large stone blocks on sledges and pulling them over lubricated surfaces or guiding them along carefully prepared ramps was an effective strategy.

2. The Role of Organization and Workforce Construction was a massive logistical endeavor involving thousands of workers organized into specialized teams. Evidence indicates that these workers were skilled laborers who worked in rotating shifts, not slave labor as once thought. They used systematic planning, resource management, and meticulous documentation, all of which contributed to the successful completion of monumental projects.

3. Construction Techniques Most theories suggest that the Egyptians employed a combination of straight and spiral ramps to move stones into position. Recent discoveries and reconstructions favor the spiral ramp theory, where a gradually inclined ramp wrapped around the pyramid as it rose. Courtyards, quarries, and transportation routes have been well-documented, providing insight into the small-scale operations that supported large-scale construction.

4. Precision and Alignment The notion that laser technology was needed to achieve such perfect alignment is unfounded. The Egyptians used simple water-based leveling techniques, such as water basins and waterlines, which are highly accurate for establishing level surfaces over large distances. The use of theodolites and sighting rods further enhanced precision. The notion that electromagnetic or laser tools were necessary is contrary to the archaeological record.

The Great Khufu pyramid looms behind the Sphinx at Giza, just outside Cairo, Egypt. The three large pyramids at Giza were built by King Khufu over a 30-year period around 2550 BCE with a newly discovered system of ramps. 

Sean Gallup/Getty Images

The Myth of Electricity and Lasers in Ancient Egypt

The assertion that ancient Egyptians possessed or utilized electricity and lasers is widely regarded by scholars as a historical and scientific misconception. While it is true that natural electrical phenomena such as lightning and static electricity were observed by ancient civilizations, these occurrences do not imply that the ancient Egyptians had developed or harnessed electrical technology. Instead, these phenomena are natural, uncontrolled events that ancient peoples often interpreted through mythological or religious frameworks. For example, the ancient Greeks documented static electricity with amber (from the Greek "electron") and observed lightning as a divine phenomenon, but these observations did not translate into technological mastery.

One of the most frequently cited examples to support claims of ancient advanced technology is the so-called “Dendera Light” reliefs, found in the Hathor Temple in Dendera, Egypt. Some proponents interpret these carvings as depictions of ancient electric light bulbs or lamps. However, detailed analyses by Egyptologists and archaeologists suggest other explanations. The reliefs more plausibly illustrate ancient religious symbols, such as lotus buds or other botanical motifs, with no indication of technologically advanced devices like bulbs or lamps. Misinterpretations often arise from artistic stylistic features that resemble modern technological components, but these are without scientific basis.

The scientific community has extensively examined the possibility of ancient electrical devices, such as batteries or electrical conductors, and consistently found no credible archaeological evidence. For example, the so-called “Baghdad Battery,” often associated with ancient Egypt, is in fact a medieval Persian or Parthian artifact, not an Egyptian creation. Similarly, the notion that lasers—highly focused beams of coherent light—were employed by ancient Egyptians is unsupported by any physical or textual evidence. Lasers require complex technology based on quantum mechanics and solid-state physics that was only developed in the 20th century.

In sum, the claims that ancient Egyptians possessed advanced electrical or laser technology lack scientific merit and are based on misinterpretations of artifacts and natural phenomena. While ancient Egypt was undoubtedly a civilization of remarkable achievements in architecture, art, and engineering, there is no credible evidence supporting the existence of electricity or laser technology in that era. Modern science recognizes that genuine technological innovation requires experimental validation and material evidence, none of which supports these myths about ancient Egypt.

Cultural and Scientific Evidence Against the Alien Hypotheses

Substantial archaeological and historical research consistently challenges the hypothesis that extraterrestrial beings played a role in human development, particularly in the construction of ancient monuments such as the Egyptian pyramids. Extensive examination of hieroglyphic inscriptions, artwork, and material remains reveals no credible evidence of alien involvement. Instead, these artifacts vividly depict human craftsmen, laborers, and engineers as the builders, demonstrating a clear record of human ingenuity.

The construction of the Egyptian pyramids, especially the Great Pyramid of Giza, exemplifies remarkable engineering skill achieved by ancient Egyptians around 2580–2560 BCE. Modern archaeological studies have uncovered detailed evidence of construction techniques, including the use of straight and spiral ramp systems, lever systems, and precise stone-cutting tools made from copper and stone. For instance, the discovery of the Khufu Ship, a complete solar barque buried near the Great Pyramid, provides insights into the craftsmanship and logistical planning of the ancient Egyptians, not extraterrestrial assistance.

Furthermore, understanding of historical engineering practices reinforces the human origin of these feats. Experimental archaeology, such as reconstructing ancient construction methods, demonstrates that large-scale projects could be accomplished through organized labor, sophisticated planning, and the application of empirical knowledge. Ancient texts, such as the Westcar Papyrus, describe the roles of architects, supervisors, and laborers, emphasizing societal organization and technological innovations without invoking supernatural or alien explanations.

The tendency to attribute these achievements to extraterrestrial intervention often stems from a lack of familiarity with ancient engineering and a perception that such accomplishments are beyond human capacity. This misconception is linked to the "supernatural explanation bias," where complex phenomena are attributed to supernatural or alien causes rather than human effort. Similar patterns are observed in the misinterpretation of artifacts; for example, the “Wow! Signal” in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence was initially thought to potentially indicate alien contact, yet it was later understood as a terrestrial interference.

In conclusion, the convergence of archaeological, textual, and experimental evidence robustly supports the understanding that humans, through ingenuity, social cohesion, and technological innovation, were responsible for the construction of ancient monuments. This scientific consensus effectively counters alien hypotheses, emphasizing our species’ capacity for extraordinary achievement without extraterrestrial aid.

Social Media and the Popularization of Conspiracy Theories

Social media platforms have significantly contributed to the proliferation and popularization of conspiracy theories, particularly those related to extraterrestrial life, secret technologies, and ancient advanced civilizations. These theories often gain traction due to their sensational nature, engaging narratives, and the ease with which they can be shared on platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube. A quintessential example is the claim that the pyramids of Egypt were built with the assistance of extraterrestrial beings or advanced alien technology. Such narratives exploit a fascination with mystery and the unknown, but they stand in stark contrast to the scientific and archaeological evidence established through rigorous research.

Historically, the construction of monumental structures like the Great Pyramid has been well-documented by archaeologists and Egyptologists. These experts have demonstrated that ancient Egyptian engineers possessed sophisticated knowledge of mathematics, physics, and labor organization. For instance, the alignment of the pyramids with celestial bodies can be explained through advanced understanding of astronomy, and the precise masonry work reflects meticulous planning and skilled craftsmanship—achievements attributed to human ingenuity rather than alien intervention. The myth that these feats could not have been achieved without extraterrestrial assistance is refuted by numerous excavations revealing tools, worker villages, and inscriptions depicting construction techniques.

The appeal of conspiracy theories is often rooted in their simplicity and the allure of uncovering secret knowledge suppressed by governments or elites. However, critical thinking and scientific literacy are essential tools for evaluating such claims. Scientific methodology involves hypotheses testing, peer review, and reliance on tangible evidence—principles often absent in conspiracy narratives. For example, the notion that ancient civilizations had access to lost ancient technologies is contradicted by archaeological findings that show a progression of technological development and documented methods used in construction.

In conclusion, social media has democratized access to information but has also facilitated the spread of pseudoscientific theories. Promoting scientific literacy and critical thinking can help individuals distinguish between well-supported scientific explanations and alluring but unfounded conspiracy claims, especially concerning ancient engineering marvels and extraterrestrial influence.

Conclusion

The construction of the Egyptian pyramids exemplifies the remarkable ingenuity and organizational skills of ancient civilizations. These monumental structures, built over 4,500 years ago, were primarily constructed using locally available natural materials such as limestone, granite, and sandstone. The Egyptians employed a sophisticated understanding of basic physics principles—most notably, gravity and leverage—to move and position massive stone blocks. Archaeological evidence, including quarrying tools and remnants of construction sites, supports this understanding.

Organized labor played a crucial role in the successful construction of the pyramids. Ancient Egypt’s centralized administration coordinated large workforces, which often consisted of skilled artisans and laborers. Contrary to popular myth, evidence suggests that the workforce was well-fed and housed properly, indicating that these were not slaves but rather paid workers. Experiments and reconstructions, such as those conducted by the German archaeologist Mark Lehner, have demonstrated that such monumental feats could be achieved through the use of simple machines like ramps, levers, and sledges.

Claims attributing pyramid construction to extraterrestrial beings, lasers, or electricity lack credible scientific support. These theories are often based on speculation or misinterpretation of archaeological findings. For instance, the idea that laser technology or electricity was used to cut or move stones is incompatible with the known technological level of ancient Egypt. Advances in experimental archaeology have shown that the tools and methods available at the time were sufficient for the construction tasks, relying on human effort and ingenuity.

In summary, the Egyptian pyramids stand as enduring symbols of human achievement. They serve as tangible evidence of the engineering knowledge, labor organization, and resourcefulness of ancient peoples. Recognizing these accomplishments promotes a more accurate understanding of early engineering capabilities and dispels myths that diminish human ingenuity. By studying these ancient monuments scientifically, we gain a deeper appreciation of our shared history and the timeless capacity for innovation.

{ PETER2011 }

25-10-2025 om 22:33 geschreven door peter  

Secret CIA files claim to expose locations of three alien bases... and two of them are on Earth

• READ MORE: UFO congressional hearing recap of DailyMail live blog 

By STACY LIBERATORE, US SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EDITOR

Americans tuned into a congressional UFO hearing today, where top scientists and Pentagon insiders claimed the US government has been hiding proof of alien life.

And while officials continue to deny encounters with mysterious aerial phenomena, a resurfaced CIA document suggests the government may have identified extraterrestrial beings decades ago.

In the 1970s and 80s, the CIA conducted experiments with individuals who claimed they could perceive information about distant objects, events, or people — a process known as 'remote viewing.'

One such report, titled 'Description of Personnel Associated 'ET' Bases,' detailed a session in which a remote viewer was given unknown targets and asked to describe what they perceived.

The document describes alleged alien bases located in Alaska, South America or Africa, and on Titan, Saturn's largest moon.

'So far have run into three types of entities associated with bases at various locations within the solar system,' the test subject wrote.

The remote viewer also reported seeing 'entities' at these sites. One was said to have 'a very large, rounded-shaped head' and 'very unhuman appearance,' while another was described as 'very pale' with a 'sharp nose.'

But the Titan base appeared to be staffed with human scientists, including 'an attractive female.'

A a resurfaced CIA document suggests the government may have identified extraterrestrial beings decades ago

A remote viewer identified two alien bases on Earth, one in Alaska and the other in either South America or Africa

The remote viewing session was part of the CIA's top-secret STARGATE program, which recruited individuals believed to have psychic abilities for military and intelligence purposes during the Cold War. 

The program began in the early 1970s and officially shut down in 1995 after being deemed scientifically unreliable and operationally ineffective for intelligence gathering.

The report on extraterrestrial bases was produced in 1987 and later declassified in 2000. 

During a remote viewing session, participants typically sketched what they 'saw' and jotted down brief notes about their perceptions.

The 12-page document includes several drawings believed to depict the locations of these ET bases—one sketch appears to resemble a rocky mountain.

That drawing has been interpreted as Mount Hayes in Alaska, which stands roughly 8,000 feet tall.

Mount Hayes has long been the subject of UFO sightings and theories about a hidden underground alien base. Numerous witnesses have reported seeing flying saucers, strange lights, and other unexplained phenomena in the area.

Although the remote viewer did not describe the base itself in detail, they claimed to have perceived 'two types of entities associated with this site.'

The remote viewer also reported seeing 'entities' at these sites. One was said to have 'a very large, rounded-shaped head' and 'very unhuman appearance,' while another was described as 'very pale' with a 'sharp nose'

The report also said there is an alien base on Saturn's largest moon, Titan

The remote viewer described seeing two beings standing outside one of the bases, 'accomplishing some sort of routine task.'

Inside the base, they perceived two more entities. One was seated at a circular console with a round, screen-like object, according to the session notes.

The second figure was performing another task in the background.

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'The entity at the console appeared to be in human form but lacked definitive features,' the remote viewer shared, adding that the being appeared to acknowledge their presence and invited them to observe its work.

At the Titan base, the remote viewer did not report seeing any alien life. 

Instead, they described the site as appearing to be staffed by individuals who 'looked no different than native earthlings.'

They observed two male technicians seated at a control panel, with a female figure—described as having brown hair and wearing a pale green lab coat—standing behind them in what appeared to be a supervisory role.

The final location was described as being somewhere south of the equator, though the remote viewer couldn't determine whether it was in South America or Africa. 

Although the sketch was labeled 'South America,' the landscape reportedly resembled Europe.

At that base, the viewer reported seeing two entities.

'The first had a very large, rounded-shaped head on a slender neck… very unhuman appearance… almost robot-like… unable to make contact with this being,' the report notes.

The second entity appeared more human, though it had no hair and lacked distinct facial features. 'The entity seemed friendly enough and appeared to be aware of my presence,' the remote viewer wrote.

 

Although the sketch was labeled 'South America,' the landscape reportedly resembled Europe

The CIA operated several secret remote viewing programs during the Cold War, using individuals with alleged psychic abilities to assist in a range of intelligence operations—from tracking kidnapped hostages held by terrorist groups to locating fugitive criminals inside the U.S.

One such program, known as Sun Streak, even tasked a remote viewer with locating the Ark of the Covenant, which they claimed was hidden somewhere in the Middle East.

In another high-profile session, famed remote viewer Joe McMoneagle, known as the CIA's 'Remote Viewer No. 1,' was reportedly given coordinates and asked to describe what he saw.

Speaking on the show American Alchemy in March, McMoneagle said he visualized a giant pyramid on Mars, larger than Egypt's Great Pyramid of Giza, filled with what he called 'monster rooms.'

'I started getting an image of human beings that were trapped in a place where the atmosphere was turning bad,' McMoneagle recalled. 'It was obvious these people were dying for some reason—but they were humans. They were just twice our size.'

The coordinates he had been given were later revealed to correspond to Mars, 1,000,000 BC—as written on a white card handed to him during the session.

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25-10-2025 om 21:29 geschreven door peter