Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 13 YEARS AND 2 MONTH.
ON 06/08/2024 MORE THAN 2.161.100
VISITORS FROM 135 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
04-07-2016
Spectacular Aurora Seen Over Jupiter
Spectacular Aurora Seen Over Jupiter
By Calla Cofield, Staff Writer
The Perfect Storm: Massive Stunning Aurora Glows Over Jupiter's North Pole
Bright blue auroras at Jupiter's north and south poles are putting on a veritable fireworks show just before the July 4 arrival of the Juno probe.
Jupiter's colorful auroras have been imaged before, but a month of daily observations of Jupiter by the Hubble Space Telescope has allowed scientists to put together a time-lapse video showing how the auroras evolve.
"These auroras are very dramatic and among the most active I have ever seen," Jonathan Nichols, a researcher at the University of Leicester in England who is using Hubble's observations to study auroras on Jupiter, said in a statement. "It almost seems as if Jupiter is throwing a fireworks party for the imminent arrival of Juno."
The auroras cover large sections of the planet's poles and are "hundreds of times more energetic" than Earth's auroras, according to the statement from the European Space Agency's (ESA) Hubble Telescope group. Earth's auroras are created when charged particles from the sun (called the solar wind) interact with the Earth's magnetic field and atmosphere. On Jupiter, auroras are created by the energetic particles that come from the sun, but also from one of the planet's moons, Io. Jupiter has an incredibly strong magnetic field, and, unlike on Earth, the auroras on Jupiter never stop, according to the statement.
A combined image of Jupiter take by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2014 in optical light and an observations of its auroras in ultraviolet light, taken in 2016.
Credit: NASA, ESA, and J. Nichols (University of Leicester)Nichols and his colleagues are using Hubble to examine the auroras in ultraviolet light, and analyze how the auroras respond to the solar wind. The Juno probe is currently flying through that same solar wind, and measuring its properties, the statement said. (Hubble did a similar study of Jupiter's auroras and the solar wind with the Cassini probe in 2000).
Jupiter's auroras were first spotted by the Voyager 1 probe, and have been studied by additional observatories ever since.
The Juno probe will arrive at Jupiter on July 4, and turn on its thrusters in order to slow down and enter into orbit around the planet. Juno will make a total of 37 loops around Jupiter (traveling into the narrow space between the cloud tops and the radiation belt that surrounds the planet), over the course of about 20 months. With its mission complete, Juno will make a death dive into Jupiter in February 2018.
Rosetta's days are finally numbered as countdown to comet crash commences
Rosetta's days are finally numbered as countdown to comet crash commences
On September 30, the European Space Agency will send the Rosetta spacecraft crashing into Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.
All things must come to an end, and so it is for Rosetta, the spacecraft in orbit around Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. The European Space Agency has officially announced a date for the mission's conclusion: September 30, 2016.
On that date, the orbiter will join the Philae lander on the comet's surface, but not with a gentle touchdown. The Rosetta team is going to send the orbiter plummeting into Comet 67P/C-G, seizing what could be its last chance to collect valuable data, and snap high-resolution images that it would have no other way of obtaining.
Rosetta launched on March 2, 2004, and arrived in orbit around Comet 67P/C-G on August 6, 2014. This was no mean feat. The comet travels on a wide elliptical orbit, so the ESA had to carefully calculate how fast Rosetta could travel, then figure out where its path and the comet's path would intersect.
The Rosetta orbiter, taking photos from a position in orbit around the comet, and the Philae lander, collecting data on the comet's surface, provided a wealth of new information about Comet 67P that helped scientists understand a lot more about comets in general.
Comet 67P is currently travelling back out towards the farthest point from the sun in its orbit. At that distance, the power Rosetta's solar cells can collect from the sun is significantly reduced. Putting the orbiter into hibernation was one option, but there is no guarantee it could even get enough power to stay warm enough to survive.
So the Rosetta team has decided that the mission must come to an end. But crashing an orbiter into it's surface, though, is way trickier than it sounds.
Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as photographed by Rosetta's OSIRIS camera from a distance of 820 kilometres on March 29, 2016.
ESA/Rosetta/MPS for OSIRIS Team MPS/UPD/LAM/IAA/SSO/INTA/UPM/DASP/IDA
"Planning this phase is in fact far more complex than it was for Philae's landing. The last six weeks will be particularly challenging as we fly eccentric orbits around the comet -- in many ways this will be even riskier than the final descent itself," explained ESA Rosetta spacecraft manager Sylvain Lodiot.
Once Rosetta meets the surface of Comet 67P, the spacecraft will no longer be able to communicate with Earth. However, this doesn't mean that there will be no more discoveries.
"September 30 will mark the end of spacecraft operations, but the beginning of the phase where the full focus of the teams will be on science," said ESA Rosetta scientist Matt Taylor. "That is what the Rosetta mission was launched for and we have years of work ahead of us."
Nous voici de retour dans la Montagne Bourbonnaise, il s'agit donc d'une suite aux précédents articles parlant de ces divers lieux étranges, sacrés, chargés d'Histoire et de Légendes, de mystères non élucidés pour beaucoup. Vous trouverez les liens vers ces articles en bas de celui-ci.
Encore un mystère non élucidé que ces étranges souterrains annulaires dont les premiers exemplaires semblent avoir été découverts au milieu du 19ème siècle, alors que d'autres l'ont encore été au cours du 20ème, et qu'il en resterait probablement encore à découvrir. On a longtemps pensé qu'ils étaient uniques et concentrés dans le Centre de la France, mais d'autres découvertes similiaires, en Autriche et en République Tchèque, ont encore accentué le mystère les entourant. Et ce mystère est multiple si on épluche les diverses publications à leur sujet : on ne connaît pas leur but, la raison de leur existence, ni réellement par qui et quand ils ont été creusés. Car les quelques datations effectuées, (encore une fois avec un mauvais calibrage du carbone 14, réévalué récemment), sur de très rares tessons de poteries ou artefacts métalliques trouvés seulement dans quelques souterrains, s'étalent de la période gallo-romaine (ou même plusieurs siècles avant JC à un endroit !, j'en reparlerais) jusqu'à la Renaissance (1694) ! De toute façon, l'on sait depuis longtemps qu'un grand nombre de souterrains ont été utilisés et réutilisés au cours du temps (des souterrains du moyen-âge ont ainsi été encore utilisés pendant la guerre 1914-1918 !) : une datation raisonnable ne saurait donc être très fiable tant que la science n'a pas découvert le moyen de dater les gravures et usinages de la pierre... la présence de poteries ou artefacts ne témoignant bien souvent qu'une appropriation postérieure de lieux plus anciens, ce que les archéologues raisonnables et ouverts reconnaissent volontiers.
En fait, la majorité des souterrains, mêmes bouchés depuis longtemps, ne contiennent absolument rien : ils semblent même avoir été scrupuleusement nettoyés de toutes traces de leurs bâtisseurs et même d'autres visiteurs ultérieurs. Si nous ne parlons que de la Montagne Bourbonnaise, le nombre de souterrains jusqu'à présent découverts seraient de 34 parfaitement identifiés (dont 14 sur la seule commune d'Arfeuilles - un souterrain tous les 300 mètres !, 5 sur Le Breuil, 3 sur la Chapelle, 2 sur Laprugne, le Mayet de Montagne et Nizerolles, 1 sur La Chabanne, Isserpent, Molles et Saint-Nicolas des Biefs) et de 15 de plus (49 donc en tout) dont l'existence est mentionnée par un ou plusieurs témoignages, mais qui n'ont jamais été explorés ou leur situation exacte perdue au cours du temps...
C'est d'ailleurs le cas d'un des premiers découverts, en 1854, et qui avait fait l'objet d'une publication ving ans plus tard et d'une exploration : on a perdu depuis sa situation exacte dans le hameau de Terre-Noire de la commune de Laprugne (Allier) ! Voici cette étude (qui pensait par erreur à un souterrain-refuge) et schéma, dans "Le Forez illustré" du 1er et du 8 août 1875 par le docteur Frédéric Noëlas. Pour rappel, ce souterrain avait été découvert en 1855 par hasard, lors du creusement des fondations d'une grange, puis rebouché.
Extraits : " La région montagneuse qui forme entre la chaîne de la Madeleine et celle du Montoncel le canton le plus méridional du département de l'Allier offre à l'archéologie des sujets d'étude qui touchent au plus haut point de la science: roches à bassins et à empreintes, châtelards, voies primitives, souterrains refuges, villes et industries gauloises, murs gaulois, pour ne parler que de ce qui nous est le plus à cœur….
En dehors du bassin et des travaux de concession des mines de cuivre de la Prugne, sur les premières croupes des hauteurs qui s'élèvent brusquement jusqu'à près de treize cents mètres au sommet de la Madeleine, un hameau, celui de Terre-Noire, étage ses maisons à quelque distance du profond ravin où coule le ruisseau de la Coste.
Il y a vingt ans des propriétaires, voulant y bâtir une grange, creusèrent des fondations et furent on ne peut plus surpris de sentir le sol peu solide dans un endroit rocheux; ils creusèrent par curiosité et découvrirent un souterrain, où ils pénétrèrent assez imprudemment et sans ordres, surtout sans intention de s'en rendre compte par l'étude; ils n'y trouvèrent, dit-on que des morceaux d'une poterie grossière. La découverte fit grand bruit, nombre de visiteurs accoururent, mais tous inexpérimentés; puis on referma la cavité tant et si bien qu'il a fallu deux demi-journées pour la retrouver.
Cependant, on avait un point de départ; il avait fallu, lors de la construction de la grange, reculer les fondations, on chercha donc dernièrement et, au fond d'une tranchée d'environ un mètre cinquante centimètres de profondeur, on rencontra une entrée du souterrain, la même que celle découverte il y a vingt années. L'ami qui nous préparait si galamment la besogne pénétra dans la cavité par une ouverture assez étroite, reconnut les lieux puis referma soigneusement avec de grosse pierres l'entrée du roc, crainte d'accident.
Enfin, le 11 juillet dernier, nous nous rendîmes vers le souterrain avec une certaine solennité: un orage majestueux nous surprit en route... deux petits murs formaient l'entrée de la grotte; leur distance réciproque était d'environ un mètre, ils reposaient sur la roche vive et une pente assez douce conduisait à une ouverture si étroite que les épaules d'un homme avaient peine à y passer; mais au bout de quelques pas faits et en se laissant glisser les pieds en avant, le souterrain se révèle à la hauteur d'un homme de petite taille.
Voici l'aspect de la galerie: elle est creusée dans une roche de porphyre quartziféré très fendillée et cassante, commune dans le pays et coupée de filons d'un granit grenu décomposé nommé gore, au-dessous d'une terre labourée qui porte le nom de la mure (masure); sa direction générale est du S-E au N-E; sa voûte de forme pointue très irrégulièrement ogivale n'est nulle part soutenue par une maçonnerie quelconque; elle ne paraissait pas solide, la pierre s'égrenait laissant passer de grosses gouttes d'eau de pluie et à chaque roulement de tonnerre que l'oreille ne percevait pas au reste dans les profondeurs, de petites rocailles se détachaient comme au moindre frottement; la largeur du boyau souterrain est d'environ 0.70 à 0.80 m ; nous étions trois explorateurs et le travailleur avait peine à se servir de sa pioche.
Une première galerie, pendant cinq ou six mètres, serpente fortement et brusquement, puis elle envoie à gauche et à droite deux branches de manière à circonscrire une masse de roche en forme de colossal pilier arrondi; on observe que la branche de gauche continue presque droit la première galerie avec la même hauteur de voûte et la même largeur; la branche de droite se dévie fortement de ce côté et son plafond est plus bas d'au moins 30 à 35 cm ; des flaques d'eau jaunâtre s'étaient amassées sur le sol, mais aucune fosse, aucun puits ne s'ouvraient dans les galeries au point de rencontre des deux branches; dans la paroi de gauche est creusée une case ou niche dans une partie granuleuse de la roche à hauteur de l'épaule, cette case large de 15 cm a le sommet pointu; on voit très distinctement les nombreux coups d'un outil pointu comme un pic qui a creusé la pierre tendre (ailleurs la pierre fendillée ne montre pas ces traces).
On distingue un ascia gallo-romain gravé à gauche du socle de cette statue-pierre tombale. L'ascia qui servit peut-être à creuser les souterrains, avait aussi une valeur symbolique, puisqu'elle était souvent gravée sur les pierres tombales gallo-romaines, étant censée protéger et assurer l'inviolabilité dudit tombeau.
Nul vestige de rouille ou d'oxyde de cuivre pour indiquer la matière de l'outil, mais vu la difficulté de manœuvrer, même un marteau de mineur, à cause de la voûte, on voit que l'outil était emmanché si court qu'il devait être vraisemblablement tenu à la main comme un couteau… nulle marque de fuliginosité ou de suie de lampe dans cette case ni aux voûtes; ces deux galeries réunies sans chambre élargie, sans issues autres, après un mètre de parcours, rencontrent un muretin de grosses pierres haut de 50 cm disposé transversalement, il est maçonné avec de l'argile jaune comme ceux de l'entrée, et forme un petit ponceau sous lequel fuit un filet d'eau par une pente assez rapide; au-delà et au bout de 6 mètres , presque en ligne droite, un fort éboulement barre le passage et sur le sol extérieur on remarque, à cet endroit, une dépression sensible.
L'eau s'écoulant ainsi n'avait pu s'accumuler en trop grande quantité, mais elle gênait nos recherches, la pioche ne ramenant que des pierrailles sans forme, point de poterie ni d'outils; de la paille pourrie et noire et dans la galerie de gauche de la paille brûlée et charbonnée provenant sans doute des brandes de paille dont on s'était servi au risque de s'enfumer lors de l'exploration d'il y a 20 ans; un bout de plateau ou d'épaisses planches de chêne mises là sans doute pour appuyer sur les pierres et ne pas se mouiller les pieds, tout annonce une visite timide et hâtive. Le bois du plateau est pourri, mou et malgré qu'il soit infiltré d'eau, il a perdu énormément de son poids. L'air avait pénétré dans le souterrain et si la première fois il était méphitique et éteignait les lumières, lors de notre examen il s'était renouvelé. Mais comme contraste avec ce bois, nous avons recueilli dans le terrain et sous les éboulis de la galerie de droite un long bâton brut et noueux dont une branche cassée au bout forme un crochet, vrai bâton de sauvage, d’homme primitif (nous savons qu’on a trouvé semblable objet dans des souterrains analogues). Il était difficile de savoir au moment de la trouvaille de quel bois était ce bâton, on eût dit un morceau d’érable à l’écorce rude (bois très rare dans la montagne) et tout à fait comparable à des bois qui ont séjourné des siècles dans les tourbières ; celui-là, au lieu d’avoir perdu de son poids, en avait acquis considérablement, il pesait de cinq à sept cent grammes, infiltré d’eau mais aussi de matières siliceuses…..
On est convenu de nommer ce genre de grottes creusées de main d’homme "souterrains de refuges", mais la science n’a pas dit son dernier mot sur leur mystérieuse destination. Dès lors qu’ils ne sont pas construits de maçonnerie, il y a grande présomption d’antiquité, aucun château féodal n’y ayant laissé vestige et souvenir, mais on ne peut raisonner sur leur destination que par analogie et apporter dans leur recherche un grand esprit critique ; dans les uns, on trouve des restes évidents de l’homme préhistorique, hachettes de pierre, auges à broyer le grain ou le millet, comme dans la Creuse, le souterrain-refuge de Sanglard… Dans les autres on a trouvé de la poterie romaine ; les uns sont pourvus de puits ou fosses de défense, de conduits d’air ou soupiraux, présentent des cachettes, des grès à aiguiser, des réservoirs d’eau et des cavités circulaires, véritables silos que l’on cachait à l’ennemi; d’autres enfin offrent, taillés dans le bloc, des ouvertures avec des feuillures pour les portes, des bancs, des retraites et des salles spacieuses, de sorte qu’on a pu dire que c’était des habitations permanentes aussi bien que des refuges temporaires, même des caveaux ou des greniers d’approvisionnement.
Ils ont pu être occupés et réoccupés à différentes époques de troubles et d’invasion et sont creusés suivant différents types. (YH : à l'époque il y a peu de souterrains annulaires découverts et étudiés, mais l'auteur fait tout de même, remarquablement, le lien avec ceux-ci et un autre déjà découvert à Arfeuilles).
Ils sont rarement isolés, souvent groupés dans le même endroit à proximité de fontaine ou de ruisseaux ; ceux de la contrée, assez nombreux, semblent appartenir tous aux mêmes types : une galerie étroite embrassant un énorme pilier, nous en connaissons un à Arfeuilles dont la forme est tréflée, c’est-à-dire qu’il a trois piliers entourés de galerie qui se rendent dans un boyau unique. Tous ont été creusés de la même manière, avec les mêmes outils, dans la même roche. Nous faisons remarquer que la roche n’a pas partout un degré de solidité pareille, mais le temps, les mouvements de terrain ont dénaturé cette solidité.
Si le souterrain de Terre-Noire laisse maintenant filtrer les eaux pluviales, c’est qu’il était sans doute couvert de feuilles sèches et de fumier, comme le rapportent des auteurs anciens parlant (YH : peut-être : il n'y a pas de mention du lieu dans les écrits de Tacite au sujet des souterrains des "Germains", de plus, la région est considérée comme étant la région des Arvernes...) de ces souterrains. Il faut se faire une idée de la vie au grand air de nos ancêtres chasseurs et pêcheurs ; ils n’étaient jamais chez eux, il suffisait que la nuit et au gros de l’hiver les femmes et les enfants fussent en sûreté, la commodité, l’élégance du logis, sa salubrité même étaient choses secondaires. Mais nous faisons nous même toutes réserves à ce sujet, nous bornant à affirmer l’antiquité de ces retraites si bien oubliées des hommes.
L'ascia est un outil gallo-romain en forme de hache, une herminette, un outil à tailler le bois ou à polir la pierre, l'instrument à tout faire du maçon. Cet outil gravé sur la pierre tombale était réputé lui conférer une protection en lui assurant l'inviolabilité.
Le peuple voit des communications fantastiques du souterrain Terre-noire avec les galeries du Châtelard, poste gaulois situé à deux kilomètres de distance... (sans preuve...) "
Ce souterrain fut par la suite rebouché et disparut des mémoires. Si la grange existe toujours, le souterrain n'évoquait plus aucun souvenir aux habitants du village, ni à l'ancien propriétaire de la grange, M. Eugène Oblette.
Des souterrains tous très semblables. Tous les souterrains de la Montagne bourbonnaise sont de longueur modeste (entre 20 et 40 m). Ils sont tous situés à une faible profondeur (entre 1m50 et 5m) et creusés dans du schiste ou du "gore" (arène granitique en décomposition), des matériaux qui excluent le creusement de vastes salles ou de larges couloirs. La plupart suivent le schéma de la lettre grecque Φ "phi" avec un vestibule d'entrée, se prolongeant plus ou moins dans l'axe par une galerie, coupant en deux endroits une structure en anneau. On notera que cette 21ème lettre grecque (utilisée aussi auparavant par les minoens de Crète, Santorin et Milos, mais aussi par les Etrusques, puis tardivement par les Coptes).
Dans le système de numération grecque, phi vaut 500 ; par exemple ‹ φʹ › représente le nombre 500. Comme la plupart des autres lettres grecques, le phi est parfois utilisé en dehors de son contexte alphabétique grec dans les sciences. Par exemple, en mathématiques, elle note traditionnellement le nombre d'or (1+√5)/2 (soit environ 1,618). On l'appelle aussi "La Proportion Divine" car si on on mesure notre taille et qu'on divise ce nombre par la mesure du nombril aux pieds, on obtient Phi. On obtient le même résultat si on mesure la taille du haut de l'épaule au plus haut des doigts et qu'on divise ce nombre par la taille du coude au plus haut des doigts...
On accède à ces souterrains par un dénivelé et une entrée non cachée parfois même par un escalier monumental (comme chez Néglot), ce qui exclut toute hypothèse de cache ou de refuge. La plupart semblent avoir été creusés au Haut Moyen Age, à l'aide d'une ascia sorte de hache à tout faire que les gallo-romains utilisaient pour tailler le bois ou creuser dans la pierre tendre. Beaucoup étaient murés à l'entrée (chez Guérande) ou dans la galerie, ce qui tendrait à renforcer l'hypothèse d'un lieu sanctuarisé. L'extrémité de la galerie ou de la "chapelle" possède souvent des alcôves ou des niches. On trouve souvent, au bout de ces galeries, des conduits verticaux de faible diamètre (parfois inachevés) et communiquant avec l'extérieur (aération ? Culte des morts ?).
Une hypothèse fait état que ces souterrains pourraient être des sortes de tombeaux où les habitants du Haut Moyen-Age (Gallo-Romains) déposaient les restes calcinés de leurs défunts dans des urnes funéraires. La crémation était en effet interdite par la religion chrétienne qui s'était implantée d'abord dans les villes et qui préconisait l'inhumation tout en condamnant l'incinération, héritage du paganisme. Mais cette hypothèse, si tentante soit-elle, n'est pas confirmée par des éléments matériels ( ossements calcinés, statuettes, sculptures ou peintures sur les parois). Mais l'Eglise pourrait avoir découvert cette pratique par la suite, et aurait tout nettoyé, ce qui est aussi une possibilité bien sûr...
Ce pourrait être aussi d'antiques sanctuaires en rapport avec le culte des morts, ce qui pourrait expliquer la présence de ces "conduits d'aération" plus ou moins achevés. Dans ce cas, ceux-ci seraient une sorte de passage reliant le monde des morts (souterrain) à celui des vivants (sur la terre). Face à la progression inéluctable de la religion chrétienne durant le haut moyen âge, ce type de sanctuaire aurait disparu. Il aurait survécu sous une autre forme plus "chrétienne" celle-là (l'Eglise a récupéré beaucoup de cultes païens ou antiques à son compte), la lanterne des morts.
La lanterne des morts est un édifice maçonné, de forme variable, souvent élancé généralement creux et surmonté d'un pavillon ajouré, dans lequel au crépuscule, on hissait, souvent avec un système de poulies, une lampe allumée, supposée servir de guide aux défunts.
Mais là où cela se gâte, c'est que certains vestiges tout de même découverts depuis (alors que d'autres découvertes "préhistoriques" sont mentionnées au 19ème siècle), pourraient ramener cette pratique à bien plus anciens que les Gallo-Romains, puisque dans les souterrains de Puyravel, dans des fouilles au Hameau de Chez-Guerrier (Mayet-Montagne), sur le site de Moulin-Piat (à 2km au sud de Glozel, M. René Gattefossé le fouille en 1939. Il y découvre des haches de pierre, deux flêches, des anneaux de schiste brun, certaines de ces pièces sont gravées), dans les souterrains annulaires de Cluzel et de Palissard (des tablettes ou des galets inscrits de signes "glozéliens" ont été découverts en 1928), des artefacts et gravures du néolithiques, préhistoriques donc, ont été trouvés. Certains de ces objets (galets gravés) ont été assimilés aux mêmes trouvés à Glozel. Des analyses faites en 1995 pour tenter de dater plus précisément une partie de ces objets "Glozéliens", dans plusieurs laboratoires, ont donné des résultats disparates et peu concluants : le quartz contenu dans la plupart des objets fausse les données de la thermoluminescence (radioactivité) et, malgré des résultats peu fiables et contradictoires entre les laboratoires (des données donnant -17000 ans en moyenne (comment ? c'est dans le rapport officiel pourtant !) mais s'étalant surtout entre - 600 avant JC et le 17ème siècle, voir même le 20ème siècle pour certains objets douteux), une étrange conclusion ramenait le tout au Moyen-âge, peut-être "Haut" (Gallo-Romain) pour certains objets, mais plutôt 13ème siècle pour l'essentiel... tout simplement parce, depuis le début du 20ème siècle, trop de fouilles avaient "pollué" les lieux et que seuls des traces d'une verrerie datant du moyen-âge avait pu être identifiées avec certitude... : " En effet, sans doute à cause de la très forte radioactivité naturelle de la région, les datations sont extrêmement disparates, et on a du mal à comprendre et à fortiori à expliquer la présence sur le même lieu, d'objets âgés de 17 000 ans, de 5 000 ans, de 2 500 ans, de 1 500 ans, et même du moyen âge ! Reste également l'énigme de l'écriture que l'on retrouve sur des os gravés de 17 000 ans, toujours non déchiffrée (elle l'a été par plusieurs auteurs différents à priori et daterait des Phéniciens selon beaucoup d'entre eux)... (mais cette écriture est ce qui gêne le plus la trame "historique"... même si d'autres écritures similaires semble avoir été découvertes ailleurs dans le monde (Pakistan)). Le compte rendu de 1995 est incomplet et ambigu : les seuls vestiges archéologiques du site sont les restants d'un artisanat de verrerie qui date du Moyen Âge. Aucun objet de type « glozélien » n'y a été découvert lors de ces fouilles de 1995 (!) "
On se rappellera bien sûr que les datations d'avant le 21ème siècle (recalibration du carbone 14 en 2004) ne peuvent plus être considérées comme fiables de toute façon... Il faudrait tout redater, et comme on le fait maintenant, avec l'aide d'au moins trois méthodes différentes...
Mais même s'il y a un possible lien entre Glozel et les souterrains annulaires (puisque, finalement, il n'y a pas qu'à Glozel que des objets "glozéliens" ont été découverts !), revenons sur ces derniers, voilà plusieurs plans et schémas de ces cavités, établis par plusieurs chercheurs dont les noms sont sités plus haut ou par la suite... :
Anneau Birat (commune de Châtel Montagne) découvert en 1952, suite à l'effondrement de la voûte lors du passage d'une vache. Allée rectiligne de 13 m , demi-cercle de 18 m , 1m65 de haut, restes d'un muret de pierres sèches vers le fond
Chez Frobert (commune de Châtel Montagne) découvert sous un bâtiment. La partie rectiligne mesure environ 8m, l'anneau 13m50, les 2 extrémités, remblais et effondrement) n'ont pas été explorées.. Ont été trouvés quelques tessons de poterie et un liard de 1694 (!)
Anneau de Guérande (commune d'Arfeuilles) découvert en 1958, lors d'un labour. La véritable entrée était toujours murée. Les tessons retrouvés datent du Vème au IXème siècle (Gallo-Romain-Mérovée-Charlemagne). Allée rectiligne de 15 m débouchant sur une salle (la chapelle ?) avec 2 pierres d'autel de chaque côté).
Anneau de Puyravel (Mayet de Montagne) découvert lors de labours en 1928. galerie de 16 m de circonférence. Restes de poteries, galet gravé et outil en pierre de l'époque préhistorique (néolithique + "Glozélien")
Chez Néglot (commune du Breuil) exploré dès 1875 par Noëlas, comblé en grande partie. Anneau de 12 m. menant à une "chapelle" avec conduit extérieur, escalier d'accès monumental, mais accès fermé par d'énormes blocs de granit. Ces blocs de granit, extraits d'une carrière distante de 8 km, verrouillaient l'entrée (similitude avec les différents murets des autres souterrains qui interdisaient l'accès)
A gauche, Couloir annulaire d'un souterrain annulaire creusé sous une église dans les Deux-Sèvres (France) (YH : ou c'est l'église qui a été construite sur le souterrain !). A droite, Arfeuilles, photo de souterrain annulaire
Arfeuilles, photo de l'entrée bouchée du souterrain annulaire du Bois-Barret
Pour compléter un peu plus cette compilation de données sur les anneaux souterrains, voici un extrait d'un livre ("lieux mystérieux") d'un chercheur local (qui était considéré comme beaucoup il est vrai comme un "mystique", mi-voyant mi-esotériste (il a fait des prophéties de son vivant, dont certaines se sont réalisées)), un auvergnat donc, nommé Pierre Frobert (déjà cité dans les articles consacrés au monument très ancien (celte ou encore plus ancien) "Pierre Ginish" du Puy de Montencel, point culminant de la Montagne Bourbonnaise), et qui a donné sa propre hypothèse, évidemment l'une des plus étranges de toutes les hypothèses, mais qu'il argumente d'une façon assez intéressante quand on se penche et étudie toutes les données concernant nos ancêtres qui ont passé beaucoup de temps et d'efforts sur le transport (sur des kilomètres et avec peu de moyens) et l'élévation de pierres levées (menhirs, dolmens, cairns) et monuments parfois gigantesques, y compris parfois tout en haut de certaines montagnes... : " Les étranges souterrains d'Arfeuilles "
" Le territoire de la commune d'Arfeuilles recèle plus du tiers des souterrains de la Montagne Bourbonnaise; Notons plusieurs faits importants : il n 'y a pas d'aération ou si peu que personne ne pouvait les utiliser comme refuge; ils sont inutilisables; on ne peut rien entasser sans boucher le passage. Ce ne sont pas des lieux de culte : Il y a un souterrain tous les 300 mètres à Arfeuilles. (YH : notons au passage que le nom d'Arfeuilles prendrait ses racines (celtes et latines) dans "Fouilles profondes"), Les noms d’Arfeuilles et Arpheuilles pourraient provenir aussi du verbe latin « fodiculare », signifiant fouiller, creuser. Cette étymologie situerait donc effectivement la création de ces souterrains à une époque lointaine de toute façon (cf. Maurice Piboule,Mémoire des communes de l’Allier : La Combraille, 1988). "M. DAUZAT, dans son dictionnaire des noms de lieux, pense (avec d'autres auteurs de dictionnaires similaires) que ce “feuilles“ serait un hybride Gallo-Latin de “fodiculare“, fouiller. Quant à la signification du préfixe “Ar“, elle laisse perplexe la plupart des linguistes. Une interprétation récente a été donnée en 1988 par M. FROMAGE, professeur de lettres anciennes et président de la Société Française de Mythologie, lors du congrès mondial sur les souterrains, qui s'était tenu à Arfeuilles cette année là. Pour lui, le “Ar “ proviendrait d'une déformation de prononciation du “Al “ de “alto“ qui signifie aussi bien profond qu’élevé. Cette interprétation est imaginée par M. DAUZAT et d'autres auteurs à propos de noms de lieux autres qu'Arfeuilles. Si cette interprétation est valable en ce qui nous concerne, “Arfeuilles“ signifierait “fouilles profondes“ ou encore “ le pays des fouilles profondes“. Or M. DAUZAT signale la présence de souterrains à proximité de la plupart des Arfeuilles ou Hautefeuilles. On a une explication qui tient debout, quant on sait qu'ici les souterrains annulaires atteignent une densité que, jusqu'à présent, on n'a jamais rencontrée ailleurs".
Des dépots d'urnes ? Cette hypothèse avait été avancée par le docteur Chabrol. C'est bien improbable (YH : aucune preuve n'est jamais venue l'étayer en tout cas).
D'après les recherches que j'ai effectuées en Bretagne et dans d'autres lieux, j'ai remarqué que tous ces souterrains présentent un plan particulier, à savoir un couloir généralement petit débouchant sur une salle ou plusieurs salles de formes circulaires. En Bretagne on a élevé des Cairns, sorte de pyramides à étages, tout simplement parce qu'il n'y avait pas de montagnes or dans notre région (Auvergne), tous les sommets alentours présentent des amas de rochers placés volontairement ou des murs ceinturent un sommet. La concentration de ces souterrains n'est pas un hasard si l'on étudie la nature du sous-sol et les courants telluriques.
LA SCIENCE DES ATLANTES
Il existe sous la terre des courants de forces tout comme l'être humain possède un système nerveux électrique. Il est admis aussi que la foudre sort de la terre avant son échange avec les forces célestes. Or la foudre est toujours au croisement de lignes de force tellurique. Il y a donc des points d'émissions puissants et c'est sur ces points d"émissions que nos ancêtres ont creusé les montagnes, ou ont fabriqué des capteurs artificiels tumulus avec salle intérieure. Pour diriger cette force ils ont à certains endroits placés sous terre des capteurs directionnels de différents modèles.
Ce sont nos fameux souterrains aux formes étranges creusés en forme de voûte. Selon l'intensité de la force l"entrée qui est en réalité une sortie, était plus ou moins haute et était dirigée soit sur une file de menhirs - les condensateurs - ou plusieurs files de menhirs avec dolmens (prise de courant) soit sur des lignes naturelles (les autres nerfs de la terre) l'épine de certaines montagnes, le cours de certaines rivières, etc...
Nous avons une preuve éclatante de la domestication de cette énergie gravée sur les pierres du tumulus de Gravinis en Bretaqne. Cette énergie pouvait être décuplée par du quartz.
Sur la terre il existe de semblables systèmes de domestication des forces telluriques. Pour quoi faire me direz-vous : C'est ici que la réalité dépasse la fiction : Les Atlantes avaient des colonies sur toute la terre.
Les Atlantes connaissaient en des temps préhistoriques la radio, la télévision, l'énergie atomique, le laser et leurs vaisseaux aériens suivaient ces lignes de force telluriques, ces lignes servaient aussi à la fertilisation des terres, à envoyer des messages à distance et bien d'autres choses encore. A une période de leur histoire qui se situe vers 12500 avant le Christ, les Atlantes firent un mauvais usage de leurs découvertes et causèrent leur propre perte car ils ont mis au point des instruments qui mettaient en mouvement les feux du centre de la terre ainsi transformés en force destructrices. Les Atlantes s'étaient rendus maîtres d'une source d'énergie fabuleuse, les rayons du soleil amplifiés par des cristaux, l'inversement de ces forces a provoqué la destruction de leur continent.
Bien des gens ont du mal à croire à l'existence d'une civilisation avancée comme L'Atlantide et qu'elle ait pu disparaître sans laisser de traces, et pourtant ces traces existent.
Réfléchissez à ceci, il y a moins d'un siècle seuls les auteurs de science-fiction pouvaient songer à des choses comme la télévision, les sous-marins atomiques, la bombe à hydrogène. En moins de 50 ans, des nations ont disparu dans le chaos de deux guerres mondiales et d'autres ont été fondées. Regardez à quel point notre civilisation actuelle est tributaire des communications, des transports, de l'énergie électrique et il est facile d'imaginer qu'une guerre atomique, si elle ne détruit pas complètement l'humanité, puisse renvoyer l'homme à l'âge de pierre.
Que resterait il de notre superbe civilisation dans 5000 ans ? "
Tous ces dessins sont extraits du livre de Pierre Frobert "Lieux mystérieux"
Autres souterrains annulaires dont on connaît l'existence :
Deux auteurs Francis Pérot (en 1884) et Adrien Blanchet (en 1927) signalent tous deux la présence d'un second souterrain annulaire à Laprugne, au "Chatelard". D'après Pérot: " La confection de la route de Laprugne à la Loge des Gardes a mis à découvert un souterrain dont on voit nettement la section et la forme au Chatelard. Les deux ouvertures qui se voyaient dans la tranchée de la route ont été maçonnées avant qu'il n'ait été exploré. Sa hauteur est de 1m30 et sa largeur 0m80 ". Et d'après l'inventaire de Blanchet: " Le Chatelard: souterrain dont les 2 parties découvertes ont été murées. Hauteur: 1m20; largeur: 0m70; voûte cintrée en anse de panier ".
Au hameau de Lareure, Jean Robert Perard, un agriculteur natif d'Arfeuilles a visité deux souterrains, un ouvert par le godet d'une pelleteuse qui réalisait le terrassement de son hangar et un autre découvert par des débardeurs dans le bois du Rez des Écoliers. Mais les deux sont bouchés depuis. Question de sécurité. L'agriculteur, qui a les yeux qui brillent lorsqu'il raconte sa visite du souterrain des Écoliers, se souvient de sa première visite et de l'état de quiétude qu'il a ressenti sous la terre. Il se souvient aussi de sa dernière visite avec des cameramen américains « qui ont failli y passer car il n'y avait plus d'oxygène dans le boyau. Trop de monde sans doute »...
Un reportage de Patrick Aujard, WebTv Livradois-Forez. -
Auvergne, France, les mystérieux souterrains annulaires - PART II
Auvergne, France, les mystérieux souterrains annulaires - PART II
Peu connu de la plupart des habitants de notre région, les souterrains annulaires sont extrêmement nombreux sur notre territoire : montagne thiernoise, bois noirs, monts du bourbonnais… Aujourd’hui encore l’énigme de leur utilisation reste entière malgré les efforts de recherche des sociétés archéologiques locales et de la Société Française d’Étude des Souterrains. Hugues Dourvert découvreur et spécialiste de ces structures souterraines nous entraine dans ses visites et nous donne quelques explications sur ces lieux mystérieux...
Neil deGrasse Tyson Says Aliens Might Find Humans Too Stupid To Contact (VIDEO)
Neil deGrasse Tyson Says Aliens Might Find Humans Too Stupid To Contact (VIDEO)
And then there’s the possibility that intelligent aliens might not simply ignore us but might harm us, just as humans sometimes harm what we consider lesser forms of life. As Tyson went on to say in the interview, “You don’t walk by the worm on the street and say, ‘Gee, I wonder what he’s thinking.’ No, you step on the worm.”
Yikes.
Tyson — director of the Hayden Planetarium in New York City and host of the radio program “Star Talk“ — has said previously that, given the size of the universe, it would be surprising if no other intelligent life forms existed. In his book Death By Black Hole, Tyson wrote, “to declare that Earth must be the only planet with life in the universe would be inexcusably bigheaded of us.”
Some scientists, including Stephen Hawking, have said that humans would be smart to remain wary of extraterrestrial life. In 2010 Hawking opined that aliens might be “looking to conquer and colonize whatever planets they can reach.”
But Tyson has a different take.
“Hawking is all worried that aliens might suck our brains out,” Tyson said in the interview. “That concern comes from when any of us explored the world … and came upon a civilization less advanced, it was bad for the less-advanced civilization. They either were completely wiped out, or subjugated, or enslaved. … So I think his fear about aliens is a reflection of his actual knowledge about how humans treat each other, not real knowledge about how actual aliens would treat us.”
Another possibility is that aliens have already visited us and gone unnoticed. As Tyson joked in the interview, “[M]aybe they have visited us in Times Square but no one noticed, because everybody who hangs out in Times Square is a little crazy.”
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There is More Than One Area 51 — Secret Under-Ocean Military Bases
There is More Than One Area 51 — Secret Under-Ocean Military Bases
“It is ironic that the U.S. would begin a devastating war, allegedly in search of weapons of mass destruction, when the most worrisome developments in this field are occurring in your own backyard.
“It is ironic that the U.S. should be fighting monstrously expensive wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, allegedly to bring democracy to those countries, when it itself can no longer claim to be called a democracy, when trillions, and I mean thousands of billions of dollars have been spent on projects about which both the Congress and the Commander in Chief have been kept deliberately in the dark.” – Paul Hellyer (Former Canadian Defence Minister)
In was only three years ago (2013) that the Central Intelligence Agency finally admitted to the existence of Area 51. Although it didn’t ‘officially’ exist before the CIA made this admission, it was pretty clear that something secretive was going on in the Nevada desert.
That secretive something would be the testing of secret aircraft and technology that the public has absolutely no idea about. Take for example the U.S. air strike against Libya in 1996. An f-111 jet was used, which had been operational since 1983, but its existence was still kept secret for a number of years after.
These programs are referred to as Special Access Programs (SAP), and they are funded from what’s known as the ‘Black Budget.‘ From these we have unacknowledged and waived SAPs. These programs do not exist publicly, but they do indeed exist. They are better known as ‘deep black programs.’
A 1997 US Senate report described them as “so sensitive that they are exempt from standard reporting requirements to the Congress.”
It’s also important to mention that the United States has a history of government agencies existing in secret.
The National Security Agency (NSA) was founded in 1952 but its existence was hidden until the mid 1960’s. Even more secretive is the National Reconnaissance Office, which was founded in 1960 but remained completely concealed for 30 years.
Under-Ocean & In Bottom Military Bases
Research into and discussions of under-ocean and in-bottom military bases began decades ago. For example, in 1968 the Stanford Research Institute discussed the construction of dozens of undersea bases. The study was titled “Feasibility of Manned In-Botton Bases.”
It’s important to show you the abstract here, because it clearly reveals what the military-industrial complex was considering, and what they could do within their technological reach at the time — more than four decades ago.
*I obtained this abstract from the source listed below, if you would like to see it yourself, you can find it here.
Abstract:
The construction of thirty manned in-bottom bases within the ocean floors is technically and economically feasible. However, it will be necessary to establish some successive types of experimental facilities before a full construction program can be started. This could take 15 years.
The major technology for a land-linked station in-bottom is established now; only adaptations are needed. The remaining experimental phases will require further development of equipment and techniques applicable to remote sea access. There are useful assignments for a succession of three experimental stations other than advancing in-bottom construction techniques.
Science and engineering concerned with the oceans and their resources will be furthered and military tests of undersea base functions complimenting deeper operations can be accomplished. The costs of the experimental phase, called here a demonstration program, can be surprisingly modest: approximately one half-billion dollars, spent over 15 years.
A distinction between in-bottom bases and on-bottom facilities is made in the numbers of men enclosed. and the depth of water, wherein areas of one-atmosphere space can be created in-bottom, and on-bottom facilities is made in the numbers of men enclosed and the depth of water, wherein areas of one atmosphere space can be created in-bottom at such low costs the ingress system can be amortized if the space required is reasonably large.
Economics thus can dictate choice between the two types; even so, some on-bottom facilities will be needed to aid the construction of remote in-bottom facilities.
Presently, establishing an in-bottom facility and building upon this will present fewer technical difficulties that do the submersibles which would support it and use it. Subsequent to the completion of the third phase of a demonstration program, which would be a remote, deep water station, and the evaluation of it, a multiple base program, could be implemented.
The cost of such a base program would be about $2.7 billion for construction of a number of bases (assumed at 30).
So, do these bases exist today without question? I think they do, just like Area 51 existed without question.
In 1987 Deputy Director of Engineering and Construction for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Lloyd A. Duscha, gave a speech at an engineering conference titled “Underground Facilities for Defense – Experience and Lessons.” In the first paragraph of his speech he states the following:
“After World War II, political and economic factors changed the underground construction picture and caused a renewed interest to 'think underground.' As a result of this interest, the Corps of Engineers became involved in the design and construction of some very complex and interesting military projects.
“Although the conference program indicates the topic to be “Underground Facilities for Defense – Experience and Lessons,” I must deviate a little because several of the most interesting facilities that have been designed and constructed by the Corps are classified. — (Lloyd A. Duscha, “Underground Facilities for Defense – Experience and Lessons,” in Tunneling and Underground Transport: Future Developments in Technology. Economics and Policy, ed. F.P. Davidson (New York: Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc., 1987, pp. 109-113.)
He then went into a discussion of the Corps’ involvement in the 1960’s in the construction of the large and elaborate NORAD base buried deep beneath Cheyenne Mountain in Colorado. This is just a public statement, but you will not find a more significant public admission of secret, underground bases than this one.
Such speeches are not the only evidence available, however. There also exist documents obtained by researchers through the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) that shed more light on the subject, and clearly outline plans for the contraction of underground facilities.
Another great example of in-bottom bases deep underneath the ocean floor comes from William B. McLean, who was the inventor of the Sidewinder air-to-air missile and former Technical Director of the China Lake Naval Naval Ordnance Test Center (NOTS). He was also the Technical Director of the U.S. Naval Undersea Warfare Center in San Diego.
McLean made some comments to John Newbauer, who at the time was the Editor-in-Chief of Astronautics and Aeronautics, stating that these plants and projects were already in development. (“A Bedrock View of Ocean Engineering,” Interview of William B. Mclean by A/A Editor-in-Chief John Newbauer, Astronautics and Aeronautics (April 1969): 30-36.)
This was in 1969, but keep in mind that the abstract above is from 1968, meaning that these constructions could have been under development before, or shortly after this publication.
What Do These Facilities Look Like?
Walter Koerschner, who was an illustrator for the United States Navy’s Rock-site team during the 1960’s, contacted Richard Sauder, Ph.D, who has researched this topic extensively. This was at the time when the Navy had plans for technically complex and very large buried manned bases beneath the ocean floor.
His background is verified, documents like this, or a simple google search of Waters name along side “US Navy” or “US Navy Illustrator” would suffice.
He contacted Dr. Sauder to provide him with some of the original illustrations he had done for this project, and they are very telling.
Dr. Sauder, in his book Hidden In Plain Sight, provides these illustrations and goes into detailing regarding the science and engineering behind these projects. It is quite fascinating and I recommend you check him out if you are interested in learning more.
Here is an excerpt and picture from the book:
This ‘racetrack’ facility – also called the ‘Nautilus Concept’ – that can dock three submarines at a time, with an adjoining sister facility that also can handle multiple submarines.
The picture is virtually self-explanatory. Large submarines are hundreds of feet long, so the dimensions of a facility such as shown here would have to be very large. The central docking area might be more than a thousand feet long and easily more than a hundred feet in diameter. The living quarters would obviously have to accommodate hundreds of crew members in some degree of creature comfort.
The book has many other illustrations from Koerschner, but unfortunately I cannot seem to find any more online.
It Doesn’t End With Area 51
There are also known underground facilities in existence. Take for example the Swedish underground military facility at Musko.
It’s a large naval base built underneath a mountain. The hospital alone within this facility holds over 1,000 beds. Musko engineers blasted out 1,500,000 cubic meters of stone in order to build it
The world’s most prominent researcher on Underground Military Facilities (in my opinion), Richard Sauder, Ph.D, told of an interesting story in his book Hidden In Plain Sight that I’d like to share with you:
As it happens, after giving a public talk a couple of years ago, I was approached by a man who had been a uniformed member of the United States Navy. We chatted for a while and when he mentioned that he had spent some time at China Lake my ears perked up.
I asked him if there was an underground facility at China Lake. He said that indeed there is, and that it is impressively large and deep. I asked him if he had ever been in it, and he said that he had, though not to the deepest levels. I asked him how deep the deepest part extended.
He looked at me soberly and said very quietly, “It goes one mile deep.”
I then asked him what the underground base contains. He replied, ‘Weapons.’ I responded, “What sort of weaponry?”
And he answered without pausing, “Weapons more powerful than nuclear weapons.”
There are documents available which expose a deep underground command center that was to be built far below regions such as Washington, D.C. and China Lake, California during the Cold War.
Documents show that in 1964 the military was considering building a huge underground cavity 4,000 feet deep beneath China Lake, and it’s well known that the United States and the Soviet Union created a vast infrastructure to support a complex of offensive and defensive weapons during the Cold War.
This infrastructure included sites and facilities for developing, testing, storing, and manufacturing weapons. There was also a host of communication and command centres.
The very first TOP SECRET memo on the subject was issued by Robert McNamara on November 7th, 1963 from the office of the Secretary of Defense. A second memo was issued on the same day concerning a proposed Deep Underground National Command Center that would be approximately 3,500 feet beneath Washington.
The memo also mentioned elevator shafts below the State Department and White House that would descend to 3,500 feet, with high speed, horizontal tunnel transport to the main facility. And this was way back in the 60’s. Imagine what technological feats we are capable of now.
Scientists were able to grow living bones from pigs in the laboratory. Clinical trial will begin soon.
WORK OF ART
Scientists were able to grow and sculpt miniature pig bones to be used as replacement for missing anatomical structures. It was used to repair a pig’s lower jaw, one of the strongest and most complex bones in the face. This means that bone repairs may be done in the other parts of the body.
Bones differ in shape making it hard to find matching replacements from an injured patient’s own body. Titanium is sometimes used but such artificial replacements lack bone marrow, which performs important roles in the body. Patients can opt to receive donated bones but it is prone to tissue rejection. Also, harvesting bones from another part of the body may cause major damage and extreme pain.
This made doctors hope for bones grown in the lab. Researchers focused on the ramus-condyle unit, the part where the mandible meets the skull near the ear, the part of the face that mainly bears weight. They experimented on Yucatán minipigs for they have similar jaw anatomy and mechanics to humans.
LET IT GROW
They first took portions of cow thigh bones and removed all of the cells then carved perfect fits for ramus-condyle units that were removed from the pigs. They then seeded these with stem cells from the receiver minipigs. The implants were then placed in a bioreactor where oxygen and nutrients were supplied. It took three weeks for the stem cells to develop into immature living bone.
Credit: S. Bhumiratana et al.
Six months after implantation, the grafts incorporated themselves successfully into the pigs’ jaws without any problems. The pigs were able to use their jaws again. The clinical trial for the implants will be conducted through the company epiBone.
Scientists from MIT confirm that the hole in the ozone layer above Antarctica has shrunken by about 4 million square kilometers. This proves that the worldwide boycott of CFCs is yielding positive results, seen almost 30 years after the Montreal Protocol of 1987.
PROTECTING THE PROTECTOR
The Montreal Protocol of 1987 called upon the world to control the production and use of ozone-depleting substances (ODS) in order to protect the ozone layer—which is our very own protection from high levels of ultraviolet rays from the sun.
“We can now be confident that the things we’ve done have put the planet on a path to heal,” said MIT lead researcher Susan Solomon, who also happens to be the first to distinguish the conditions of temperature and sunlight under which chlorine could eat away at the ozone layer, back in 1986.
They found evidence that the September ozone hole has shrunken by over 4 million square kilometers since. The world’s efforts to reverse the damage are showing promising results, and that is despite some setbacks caused by sulfur dioxide from volcanic eruptions.
In 2015, the hole reached a record size, which had scientists puzzled. This paper analyzed and made sense of the factors that contributed to that incident.
“Why I like this paper so much is, nature threw us a curveball in 2015,” says Ross Salawitch, professor of chemistry and biochemistry at the University of Maryland. “People thought we set a record for the depth of the ozone hole in October 2015. The Solomon paper explains it was due to a specific volcanic eruption. So without this paper, if all we had was the data, we would be scratching our heads — what was going on in 2015?”
The team measured “fingerprints” and found a substantial decline in atmospheric chlorine from chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which are ozone-depleting substances emitted through old dry cleaning methods, refrigerators, and aerosols.
“It showed we can actually see a chemical fingerprint, which is sensitive to the levels of chlorine, finally emerging as a sign of recovery,” said one of the researchers, Diane Ivy.
NOT A TIME FOR COMPLACENCY
“This is a reminder that when the world gets together, we really can solve environmental problems,” Solomon said. “I think we should all congratulate ourselves on a job well done.”
The hole is estimated to be completely and permanently closed by 2050, provided the world keeps progress steady.
A study published in Nature presents one of the most complete models of matter in the universe, and predicts hundreds of massive black hole mergers each year observable using the second generation of gravitational wave detectors. The model anticipated the massive black holes observed by the LIGO.
MASSIVE DISCOVERY
A study published in Nature showcases one of the most complete models of matter in the universe. It also predicts hundreds of black hole mergers annually that can be observed with the second generation of gravitational wave detectors.
Huge stars that collapse upon themselves and end up as black holes are extremely rare. These primitive stars, that came from the early universe, occur in special configurations in the universe and are made of more pristine hydrogen. On the contrary, younger stars consumed the remains of their predecessors containing heavy elements which resulted to their stunted growth.
Richard O’Shaughnessy, an assistant professor at Rochester Institute of Technology’s (RIT) School of Mathematical Science, and his colleagues predict that huge black holes like these spin in a stable fashion with their orbits remaining in the same plane. The model shows that these black holes’ alignment are not affected by the tiny kicks that occur after the stars’ core collapse. This same kick can cause the alignment of smaller black holes and can disturb their orbital plane.
STELLAR PERFORMANCE
According to O’Shaughnessy, the calculations presented in Nature are the most detailed of its kind. Other astronomers are now using the model in their own investigations.
“We feel like parents of a beautiful daughter called gravitational wave astronomy born a few months ago and seeing her grow more gorgeous by the day,” said Carlos Lousto, a professor in RIT’s School of Mathematical Science.
Here is a great video that discusses loads of strange and exciting discoveries made over the years on Google Earth map. Remember the map is free to download on any computer, so its an awesome tool to search for things in places you never dreamed about going too.
Stop by SecureTeam10 and give them a big thumbs up on this video. UFO researchers get so little encouragement, so every little bit really counts. Awesome video, and the anomalies and UFOs really give us a load to think about.
Do remember, that I have made videos of over 10 UFO discoveries I made on Google Earth, most have been deleted within 6 months after publish the news about them.
Here is a video of the UFO at Cape of Good Hope, Africa On 2011, Sorry No Audio...but its my account, my video I personally made. It was deleted by Google within 3 months after I made the video. SCW
China Will Soon Contact Aliens, Almost Finished With The World Biggest Radio Telescope, July 2016, UFO Sighting News.
China Will Soon Contact Aliens, Almost Finished With The World Biggest Radio Telescope, July 2016, UFO Sighting News.
Location of radio telescope: China News source:
http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/07/china-puts-final-touches-world-largest-telescope-160703080236077.html In America, and around the world radio telescopes are being used to see and hear possible signals of alien life from across the universe. However there is another use, one that you might not be aware of. A radio telescope can send a message through spaces at the speed of light across the universe. China now has what it needs to make direct contact with aliens, gain their technology, and make friends with a very powerful off world species. Now you know the true reason why China was in a rush to build this. Scott C. Waring www.ufosightingsdaily.com Aljazeera News States: China has put the final piece of what is set to be the world's largest radio telescope in place, state media have reported. The "Five-hundred-metre Aperture Spherical Telescope", or FAST, is the size of 30 football fields and has been hewn out of a mountain in the southwestern province of Guizhou. "The project has the potential to search for more strange objects to better understand the origin of the universe and boost the global hunt for extraterrestrial life," Zheng Xiaonian, deputy head of the National Astronomical Observation under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which built the telescope, said on Sunday. The $180m radio telescope would be a global leader for the next one to two decades, Xiaonian was quoted as saying by the official Xinhua news agency. A number of trials will follow the hoisting of the final piece on Sunday. The telescope, which took about five years to build, is expected to begin operations in September. China's space programme has been a priority, with President Xi Jinping calling for the country to establish itself as a space power. Beijing's ambitions include putting a man on the Moon by 2036 and building a space station - work on which has already begun. China insists its programme is for peaceful purposes, but the US defense department has highlighted Beijing's increasing space capabilities, saying it is pursuing activities aimed to prevent adversaries from using space-based assets in a crisis.
Russian Ufologist/Biologist Spotted Saucer Landed in 1980
Russian Ufologist/Biologist Spotted Saucer Landed in 1980
Although the leaders of the former Soviet Union did not allow citizens to speak about UFOs, there have been significant UFO cases being surfaced since then it fell. It was during a 1980 expedition when people saw a bizarre disc that landed on a 90-meter-deep lake bottom. As one of Russia’s most notable specialists in the investigation of unidentified flying objects,Valery Dvuzhilny, is a biologist by occupation living in a town of Dalnegorsk 500 kilometers of Vladivostok.
He spent his life investigating the UFOs. In his large apartment. He even created an established that is laboratory equipped with old tools and 1,000 samples of materials, which can be found at the nearby sites. According to him, the space visitors use geological fissures to orientate themselves about the Earth before descending. Dalnegorsk County is believed to be an anomalous zone and is popular for its 14 cave. According to Dvuzhilny, a UFO was observed on January 29, 1986, in the Vysota-611 Mountain nearby Dalnegorsk. Burned fragments found therein revealed the silicon shales and rare-earth metal lanthanum discharging magnetic radiation. Pavel Reshetnikov, the head of the anti-aircraft forces was invited to the conference, in which he participated in 1995, but was prohibited from leaving the country due to his military status. Later on, he confirmed that a mysterious object tracked over the Amur River by the radar in the early 1990s. According to Reshetnikov, it could not be readily identified by the naked eye as either a plane or a missile.
The sample found at the site became subject to numerous scientific tests, which includes isotope analysis. The samples found 50 kilometers away were burned at a temperature beyond 2,000 degrees C. According to Dvuzhilny, comprehensive analysis of the burned metal pieces were influenced by the extraterrestrials. Despite modest laboratory tools, he still lacks funds to complete his scientific activities. However, he is not giving up, in fact, Dvuzhilny is currently preparing an expedition to the Amgu territory.
Mistaken Identity: Ceres' Mysterious Bright Spots Aren't Epsom Salt After All
Mistaken Identity: Ceres' Mysterious Bright Spots Aren't Epsom Salt After All
By Sarah Lewin, Staff Writer
Strange Ceres: New work suggests that surprising carbonate salts put the shine in the bright spots on the dwarf planet's Occator crater. Researchers also found that Ceres' topography, pictured here, is only consistent with a subsurface less than 30-40 percent ice by volume.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA
It's a case of mistaken identity: The mysterious bright spots on the surface of the dwarf planet Ceres were thought to be composed of hydrated magnesium sulfate (similar to the magnesium sulfate sold as Epsom salt), but new work reveals a different chemical signature in these bright dots, cooked up in watery conditions beneath its crust.
And the revelations don't end there: Another research paper, also published today (June 29), suggests that Ceres' deep craters and jagged mountain mean the crust is mostly rock, rather than mostly ice as previously proposed.
The dwarf planet, orbiting in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, seems to bridge the gap between smaller asteroids, rocky planets like Earth and Mars, and the big icy bodies farther out, like the moons of Saturn — its shell is more rocky than icy, but it hosts unexpected chemistry that bears a resemblance to the reactions that develop on Earth, and salts that form in the ultracold conditions of the far solar system. It also hosts the most concentrated surface deposit of the substance sodium carbonate ever seen beyond Earth. [Photos: Dwarf Planet Ceres, the Solar System's Largest Asteroid]
Ceres resides in the asteroid belt, but it dwarfs the other asteroids there at 590 miles (950 kilometers) wide and is an even sphere; it even takes up an estimated third of all the asteroid belt's mass, researchers said. Reserachers believe it could be a planetary embryo — a protoplanet that would have eventually turned into a planet like Earth or Mars under different circumstances. It is the only dwarf planet found closer in than the Kuiper belt, on the solar system's outer edges with Pluto.
The bottom of Ceres' Occator crater shines with bright, reflective patches — the brightest region among those that puzzled and intrigued scientists as the Dawn spacecraft first approached Ceres and then entered orbit in 2015 (after orbiting another asteroid, Vesta, in 2011 and 2012). Eventually 130 bright patches were found on the dwarf planet's dark surface, mostly associated with craters. While researchers first suspected the bright spots might be ice, a closer look revealed they weren't quite that reflective and that they could be composed of salts instead. But the particular salt revealed in this study, published in Nature, by Dawn's Visible and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer would have formed in a process involving liquid water.
"That was something we had not expected," Chris Russell, Dawn's principal investigator and planetary scientist at University of California, Los Angeles, told Space.com. "The carbonates are a very strong indication of the processes now that we believe took place in the interior, that makes it more Earthlike, when it can alter the chemistry inside."
"It's not something that's just lying around out there in space," he added.
Craters like Occator gave the lead author of the Nature Geoscience paper, Michael Bland, something to ponder as well. He calculated that if Ceres' subsurface was more than a certain percentage of ice, it would have a much more "relaxed" appearance, created as the ice warmed over time, instead of the harsh topography actually seen. Rather than a thick layer that's mostly made of ice, the researchers found, the dwarf planet's subsurface must be only 30-40 percent ice, mixed in with rock and a lower-density material, maybe hydrated salts.
Measurements from Dawn are superimposed on a view of Ceres' Occator crater. The red indicates a high abundance of carbonates in the bright spots found there.
Credit: INAF/ASI/NASA/DLR/MPS
An active world
The composition of the salts found in the crater's bright spots suggests that they formed with the help of liquid water, which would freeze in its pure form but could persist when mixed with salts, which slightly lowers its freezing point. (Water mixed with a different salt is proposed to flow on the surface of Mars.) On Ceres, that water would have emerged from deeper within the dwarf planet, where it could be warmer, or melted at the site of the impact that produced the Occator crater.
"The composition that we found implied that liquid water was present sometime in the recent past of Ceres in the subsurface," Maria Cristina De Sanctis, lead author on the Nature paper and researcher at the Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology at the National Institute for Astrophysics in Rome, told Space.com. And the particular salt formed is sodium carbonate, a salt formed from carbon that, on Earth, usually forms as water evaporates from a body of water like a lake or in hot springs. The compounds have been detected off of Earth only in the plumes of material that burst out of Saturn's icy moon Enceladus (they also found ammonia-bearing salts in the mix, also found on Enceladus).
"In the case of Ceres, we have a lot of carbonates — really a huge amount," De Sanctis said. "We did not expect to have such a huge amount of carbonates."
By analyzing the composition of the salts that spot the dwarf planet's surface, De Sanctis said, researchers can learn more about the conditions inside the planet. And a big question is whether liquid water persists below the planet's thick, rocky surface, or whether it was merely present or generated when the crater formed, around 80 million years ago. (Even though the surface layers are not mostly icy, they would have had enough to let the reaction work.)
Strange Ceres
Moving outward in the solar system, objects become colder and wetter, made more of ice than of rock. Ceres is rocky, but the composition of the salts, including ammonia-bearing salts which require super cold conditions to form, has more in common with those outer solar system bodies.
That's a "strange connection" with the outer solar system, Mikhail Zolotov, a researcher at Arizona State University and author of a News & Views article on the new works, which appears in Nature Geoscience, told Space.com.
"The chemistry is unusual, and it's key to understand how the body was formed and how it was evolved," he said.
It raises the question, Zolotov and Russell both said, of whether the material that eventually formed Ceres might have migrated inward from the outer solar system at some point, or whether Ceres formed where it currently orbits.
The story of Ceres' water is far from complete, as well — Russell mentioned that other papers from the Dawn team are in the works that describe how researchers can investigate water on the dwarf planet's surface. "Expect the water story to continue for some period of time, because there's a lot of different ways we can explore water."
Going forward, the researchers said, they will have to check the composition of other bright spots on Ceres to see if the chemical process they've observed is restricted to certain regions or if it's more global. But regardless, the asteroid belt outcast continues to prove a complex, active world.
"The IAU [International Astronomical Union] has defined what a planet is in a particular way," Russell said, "but I think of a planet more as a body which, when it's big enough and has enough activity … is now making things, producing things in its interior that are not just sitting there for the eons but in fact that the body evolves with time inside."
The work in Nature about the bright spots' composition can be found here, and the work in Nature Geoscience about the subsurface composition can be found here.
Filer’s Files #27 -2016 Ancient Aliens are Here - PART I
Photo captured on Fountain, Colorado on June 27, 2016
Filer’s Files #27 -2016 Ancient Aliens are Here - PART I
In special reports, this week’s files cover: Viggiani Claims NORAD Intercepts UFOs, Ancient Alien Craft Encounters Documented, Star Wars Terminal High Altitude Area Defense, Letter from ET Contactee, and Mars: Ancient Seam Between Rocks Found, Proof Of Ancient Civilizations On Mars
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Arizona, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Maine, Minnesota, New Jersey, New Mexico, Texas, and Washington.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Australia, Bosnia, Canada, Mexico, Portugal, and England in the United Kingdom.
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The weekly intelligence report provides you with information on the latest sightings and UFO news that you need to understand the world situation. The purpose of these files is to report the UFO eyewitness and photo/video evidence that occurs on a daily basis around the world and in space. These Files assume that extraterrestrial intelligent life not only exists, but my hypothesis is that the over a thousand UFOs reported each month represent technologically advanced spacecraft conducting surveillance of Earth. I personally became interested in UFOs when London Control ordered me to intercept one over England while flying for the US Air Force and Prince Phillip told me of his personal interest in UFOs. The US Air Force investigated UFOs for more than twenty years under Project Blue Book; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFO’s are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
New Jersey State Director
George A. Filer III
MUFON Eastern Region Director
Www.nationalUFOcenter.com. Now receiving 3 million hits a month
There is a new world coming
Forward these files to your friends and neighbors.
Special Reports
Viggiani Claims NORAD Intercepts UFOs
Canadian disclosure advocate Victor Viggiani has made a bold step towards the disclosure we all dream about by releasing several secret files from the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) Runic Archives. “And I dare the US Government to charge me,” Viggiani said.
This past weekend has seen Canada’s first public hearing on UFOs take place. ET disclosure was once again brought to the discussion table and this time around, some intriguing documents were released.
A recently-retired school principal from Toronto, Victor Viggiani has been researching Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAPs) for over three decades. When it comes to experience in the area of UFO sightings and anomalous phenomena, he has plenty to go around. Last Saturday, at the Alien Cosmic Expo in Ontario, Canada, Viggiani presented 11 documents that he obtained after filing a Canadian Access of Information Act (AIA) request. The documents reveal some unsettling statistics about what goes on in the sky above our heads.
I have here in front of me eleven documents. I call them the RUNIC Files and they are directly from NORAD indicating that over the last five years an average of 1,800 ‘tracks of interest’ with 75 intercepts. This is directly from the commander of NORAD.”
F-22s Intercept 75 UFOs
Mind-blowing. The US-Canadian organization tasked with providing aerospace warning and defense for Northern America intercepts and engages 75 unidentified flying objects per year. This means that the jet fighter pilots manage to get close enough to the UFOs to not only establish visual contact, but also get a target lock. Maybe not all of these encounters feature extraterrestrial airships as primary suspects, but it’s still enough to confirm our suspicions. And remember, this is the number of tracks of interest (TOIs) NORAD officials were willing to disclose. The real number of intercepts could be in the thousands and we wouldn’t even know. Viggiani’s AIA request was aiming for more complete disclosure, a full “Table of Tracks of Interest” if you will. This was the official NORAD response:
“The request for “Table of Tracks of Interest (TOI) are classified UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY (FOUO). It is to be controlled, stored, handled, transmitted, distributed and disposed of in accordance with DOD policy relating to FOUO information and is not to be released to the public, the media or other personnel who do not have a valid need-to-know without prior approval of an authorized NORAD official.”
The document continues with:
“However, the NORAD Commander has approved the release of the following information regarding Tracks of Interest and Unknown Tracks.”
The document that lists the TOIs is a six page record (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) in list form, with some of the entries redacted, on account of the sensitive nature of the information they contained. As Viggiani points out, the “missing information is obviously what they saw when they intercepted.”
He continues:
“I also have documents relating to UFOs that have been found by the RCMP. I also have an air traffic control report that references Mr. Hellyer’s [Paul Hellyer, former Canadian Defense Minister, big proponent of UFO disclosure] indication that two CF-18s chased three UFOs in 2001 out of Comox Air Force Base, at 35,000 feet and gained contact with these UFOs.”
Ancient Alien Craft Encounters Documented
When reading a while back about UFOs it always stuck in my mind that on New Year’s Day in 1254 the monks at St.Albans in England sighted ‘a kind of ship flying’ in the sky that was ‘large, elegantly shaped and of a marvelous color.’ The UFO phenomenon isn’t something new. I thought, for a change therefore, we’d look at a dozen of the UFO visits from the distance past.
.1504 BC: This is probably one of the earliest written accounts of a UFO – the following description is an excerpt from an Egyptian papyrus under the reign of Thutmose III.
.’In the year 22… sixth hour of the day… the scribes of the House of Life found it was a circle of fire that was coming in the sky… it had no head, the breath of its mouth had a foul odor. Its body one rod long and one rod wide. It had no voice… Now after some days had passed, these things became more numerous in the skies than ever.
‘They shone more in the sky than the brightness of the sun and extended to the four supports of the heavens… Powerful was the position of the fire circles… It was after supper. Thereupon these fire circles ascended higher in the sky towards the south… It was ordered by the Pharaoh to be written in the annals of the House of Life… so that it be remembered for ever.
500 BC: In the ancient Indian text Samarangana Sartradhara there is a description of piloted flying machines called vimanas. These were powered by some unknown source and they could ‘carry death’ to anywhere on earth. The tops of many temples have depictions of Vimanas in India.
The tops of many temples have depictions of Vimanas in India.
216 BC: Julius Obsequens wrote in his book Prodigorium liber of how ‘things like ships were seen in the sky over Italy… At Apri a round shield was seen in the sky. At Capua, the sky was on fire, and one saw figures like ships.’
214 BC: This time in Italy at Hadria ‘an altar in the sky’ was seen.
66 AD: The historian Pliny the Elder tells of a big spark as ‘big as the moon’ which fell from the sky – and then returned to the heavens. He also told of how ‘a burning shield scattering sparks ran across the sky at sunset from east to west.’
584: St. Gregory, the bishop of Tours in France, recorded various sightings in his Historia Francorum. ‘There appeared in the sky brilliant rays of light which seemed to cross and collide with one another.’ He also described ‘golden globes’ which flashed at speed across the skies of France.
793: The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle reports, ‘In this year terrible portents appeared in Northumbria (England) and miserably afflicted the inhabitants. These were exceptional flashing and lightning and fiery dragons seen flying through the air.’
1170: Roger Niger described ‘a wonderfully large dragon’ which was ‘borne up from earth though the air. The air was kindled into fire by its motion and burned a house, reducing it and its outbuildings to ashes.’ This was seen at Osyth, Essex, England.
1180: In Japan something similar to a flying saucer was seen, though they described this as a flying ‘earthenware vessel.’ The object or UFO was heading in a northeast direction from a mountain in the Kii province. This suddenly changed direction and vanished below the horizon, leaving a luminous trail.
1290: The monks at Byland Abbey in Yorkshire spotted a ‘large round silver disk’ passing through the skies.
1561: This time the sighting was in Nuremberg in Germany where it was said that there was ‘a very frightful spectacle.’ During daylight glowing tubes, globes and crosses were seen in the sky and appeared to do battle. This lasted for an hour and some then fell to the earth as ‘if on fire.’
Painting found in Romania
There are many, many other UFO sightings on record from the distant past. We sometimes seem to think of such things as a modern phenomena, probably starting with the Kenneth Arnold flying saucer stories from 1947. But very little in life is actually new – much has already been seen or experienced previously by past generations. Ken Pfeifer MUFON NJ Website
Letter from ET Contactee
Alien Invasion Spaceship Attacks Earth
Susan Signal writes, “I sent you a letter about my reaction to the documentary on the Science channel on 6-23-16 entitled ‘Curiosity Alien Invasion: Are We Ready’. It really angered me because it seems that too much propaganda is being peddled on mainstream media against ‘ET aliens’ when ‘we’re’ here helping the planet in every possible way. ‘We’ don’t need this interference brought on by ignorance and greed. It’s definitely being led on by the global elite. “
Documentary Series on Science channel “Curiosity: Alien Invasion: Are We Ready?” Scientists and military strategists discuss what would happen if aliens attack.” Key words here; if aliens attack! First if all it’s put on by the infamous ‘military industrial complex in order to spread their propaganda, fear and demonization of ‘us’ and all who are connected. This makes it even harder for ‘us’ here to live a half way decent life in spite of the ‘ prejudice’ we have to endure at the hands of human society. The likes of: Michio Kaku, Harkeem Oluseyi and other famous science narrators are on this set embellishing their propaganda. Let’s be clear about something that we and others have always known:
There ARE warrior alien races up there (light warriors) that fiercely protect this planet from such invasions—or else it would have happened already ten times over. The fear of nature itself, by stating that birds can be used for vectors in bio warfare-thus causing an all out(potential) hysterical attack on nature and wildlife, the very things that sustain this beautiful planet and its crucial forests.
The scene they show of a mega mother ship docketed in low Earth orbit spewing out spheres for EMP attacks, objects to cause tsunamis being dropped at continental shelves!! Is a fantasy!! It won’t happen! ‘We ‘won’t allow it. Believe me several have tried to invite this system and were met by ‘us’!! We vaporize these incoming ships before they finish their portal transience or D’ materialization. It’s been done at least 3 times.
Look at the asteroids-with reports of UFO’s ‘us’ around them. Ultimately, the asteroids are deflected after ‘close calls’.
The biological attacks were done in the ancient past and targeted hostile human groups like the Roman Empire due to their carnage and destruction of societies, their technologies and knowledge which set mankind back ~5000 years.
Humans destroyed the Library of Alexandria for example. The Barbarians as another-both were spearheaded by the ‘ negative ET tall white and grey scourge’ who bribed the global elite in order to gain control over the human population. The military industrial complex, shadow government (secret space fleet), global elite are all in bed with the negative ET scourge, one other group and the mainstream science-secular education kabala, mainstream media are all controlled by the negative ET scourge. One has to tune into inner self and nature to learn true universal ontological bases of existence and being/identity. ET’s invasion already occurred thousands of year’s ago-according to Sumerian texts and Zachariah Sitchen.
By the way: as part of my ongoing work up there; ‘we’ were–doing work to help this planet (which we love and revere), by deflecting asteroids away and stabilizing the geological faults. We often have fought off negative alien forces. ‘We ‘are the planets defense against asteroids, comets and threatening aliens
Humans often do evil doings against the human race (look at all the experiments conducted on unsuspecting populations such as Plum Island (lime disease), Hanford (dispersal of plutonium over neighborhoods along the Columbia River), etc. To act so vain and say aliens are bad when humans destroy and kill their own kind and this planets environment, is infuriating. Your real enemies are the negative ET tall whites at the helm.
You are not ready for open ‘CONTACT’!! Instead (I’m speaking first hand), you’re slated as sterile and none viable-never to join the Galactic Cosmic Community. There are other planetary races 1/3 of the age of the human race that have already matured enough to join the cosmic community (and started off with allot less than you did and didn’t have as many second chances or had as many teachers and mentors come here to guide you-only to be punished for their devotion)! You’ve sealed your fate. Those few who are aware will be aligned in the cosmic community. Don’t look up asking for contact and then demonize ‘us’ who are here (against our wishes for the mission-to help Earth and are effectively acting as emissaries of our worlds to Earth)
Don’t attack our ships and expect us to constantly exercise restraint. This is blatant diplomatic suicide! Too bad, because this planet is a blue gem that was created by the Orion universal counsels and is on a critical point in the universal harmonic matrix and in a strategic navigational route within the universe. Thanks to Susan Signal photos courtesy of Website
Star Wars Terminal High Altitude Area Defense
Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD), formerly Theater High Altitude Area Defense, is aUnited States Army anti-ballistic missile system designed to shoot down short, medium, and intermediateballistic missiles in their terminal phase using a hit-to-kill approach.[2] The missile carries no warhead but relies on the kinetic energy of the impact to destroy the incoming missile. A kinetic energy hit minimizes the risk of exploding conventional warhead ballistic missiles, and nuclear tipped ballistic missiles will not explode upon a kinetic energy hit, although chemical or biological warheads may disintegrate or explode and pose a risk of contaminating the environment. THAAD was designed to hit Scuds and similar weapons.
Although originally a U.S. Army program, THAAD has come under the umbrella of the Missile Defense Agency. The Navy has a similar program, the sea-based Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System, which now has a land component awell (“Aegis ashore”). THAAD was originally scheduled for deployment in 2012, but initial deployment took place May 2008. Thanks to Wikipedia
Mars: Ancient Seam between Rocks Found
Proof of Ancient Civilizations on Mars
Date of discovery: June 30, 2016
Location of discovery: Mars: Image
This is amazing. This perfect seam was looked at today by the Mars Curiosity Rover and it shows a perfect seam between the two stones. Just like the ancient constructions in Peru, whose seams are incredibly close and perfect. These seams on Mars are proof that ancient aliens made such buildings and walls on Mars. A cog or kind of a wheel is carved into the rock. This is a NASA photo. Its real, it’s there and NASA of course will not talk about it, because that’s their response to all things found by the UFO researching community. Thanks to Scott C. Waring Website
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Filer’s Files #27 -2016 Ancient Aliens are Here - PART II
Filer’s Files #27 -2016 Ancient Aliens are Here - PART II
Sightings in the United States
Arizona Triangle
Phoenix— First of all, I did not see or hear the so called meteor that flashed through the Eastern Arizona skies at what was reported to be 03:57 AM, MST and apparently was also visible in Utah, New Mexico, California, Texas, and Nevada. I was standing at the 19th avenue and Northern train station at 4:48 am when I noticed a high altitude missile contrails due East in the illuminated sky just prior to sunrise. I have seen these contrails on many occasions usually occurring right before sunrise. These occurrences are usually explained as being missile tests from White Sands, New Mexico about 410 miles away.
I am employed within the aerospace industry and one of the projects I am certified on is the “THAAD” (Thermal High Altitude Aerial Defense) program. Being that I was standing there looking at what appeared to be scattered contrails, I decided to snap a couple pictures with my phone camera. I didn’t really look closely at the pictures for a week or so. I have a friend on the East coast that I sent the pictures to and after the fact is when I noticed the anomaly. On the first picture along the right border there appears to be an illuminated object which when zoomed appears to be a large distant cylindrical craft with the curved bottom illuminated by the rising sun. In the second picture it appears to be turning, and in the third it is gone. I snapped these one after the other at 04:49AM. I searched the web and found multiple You-Tube videos that show that same anomaly. I find it hard to believe that I am the only observer that has noticed this. Thanks to MUFON CMS
California Pilot Reports ‘Dogfight’ With Sphere UFO
San Bernardino – A private pilot reported a close encounter with a sphere-shaped UFO that came within 150 feet of his aircraft, according to testimony in Case 76954 from the Mutual UFO Network witness reporting database. The pilot encountered the object at about 1,000 feet AGL. The event occurred on June 5, 2016, while the witness was flying a private aircraft shortly after takeoff while still in the traffic pattern. “I encountered an unidentified object at 1,000 feet AGL,” the witness stated. “Object was going in the opposite direction and passed within 300 feet off my left wing. It was a metallic orb that reflected the light brilliantly and was approximately the size of a basketball.” The object first passed within 300 feet of the aircraft. The pilot banked hard left in an attempt to chase the object, placing his aircraft at its 6:00 position. “Almost immediately the object did a hard left turn accelerating to a position opposite my left wing and within 150 feet. I banked hard left again and became engaged in a two-turn ‘Dogfight’ with the object as we both tried to get on each other’s tail. After the second turn, the object broke away in a southern direction. I lost sight after that.”This is the second encounter the pilot has had with an identical object while in the air. The pilot stated that the last encounter was in 1978. Posted by: Roger Marsh Thanks to MUFON CMS
Colorado Disc
Fountain – On June 27, 2016, I was working in my back yard when I heard an f16 hovering and I told my wife look the airplane but when we look I saw a white dot in the sky very far away.
I told my wife let me get my camera because that looks strange. I took a couple of pictures when I look at them in my camera and zoom it in totally stun.
The object has two levels and is spherical shape with some light around. I don’t know what it is but I live close to Norad. I believe they have totally control on our air space. So this could be an experiment or an UFO. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Delaware Lights
Bear – I took the dog out and looked up and saw this red and green thing sitting still in the sky on July 28, 2016, about 100 yards to the west. I grabbed my iPhone and got the first video then went back in and got my video cam and got the second one. I don’t know what it was but it made no sound. While I was getting the video cam it moved from where I first saw it toward the north.
Then it moved slowly toward the northwest dropped down and did a 90 degree right turn going behind a building and did not reappear. There were two other guys watching also. It had 2 or 3 large red lights which were on constantly, and 1 green flashing one. It seemed to be spinning slowly while it hovered. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Florida Cylinder
Port St Lucie – I was home. I took three pictures on the moon at approx 7 am on June 22, 2016.
Later in the day I looked at my photos. The last picture had a black dot near the moon. When I enlarged it, I was amazed and confused. I did not see anything at the time of the picture.
I wish I had. Not sure if I have taking a picture of a ufo?? I looked at the picture in black and white and the top and bottom of the item looks highlighted. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Hawaii Object
Honolulu — I noticed the ufo on the image after I reviewed my vacation photos from October 27, 2015, once I made it make home. The UFO is hovering in the cloud in the top right of picture. It appears to have 10 lights. Do you know what the object is in the photo? Please help. I submitted this to another channel but never heard back. BTW, I was on top of a mountain. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Oahu – My buddy and I went to Sandy’s (beach on the South East shore of Oahu, Hawaii).We were sitting in the back/bed of his truck while watching the surf, and trying to chat with the pretty girls in the next vehicle.
I took a picture of the ocean on September 3, 2015, trying to “capture” a wave before it broke. A month or two later I decided to post the picture on Facebook, and as I looked at the image (obviously enlarged on my Facebook page, versus my cell phone screen)… I noticed the disc shape. I enlarged the photo and cannot see any wings, a tail, rotator blades, etc. It has a “penny” shape to it. Unfortunately, I don’t remember seeing anything that day in the sky. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Maine Objects
Sebago – I had stepped out the front door onto the landing of my house on May 12, 2016, and noticed an object that was much larger and brighter than the other stars. It was moving slightly up and down and side to side…so slightly that I stood and watched it for a few minutes to make sure my eyes weren’t playing tricks on me. The sky was full of stars. It’s very dark here and I had never seen anything that big, bright, and noticeable in the sky in my life. I went and got my cell phone. There were no other stars visible when looking through the camera; I could only see the object.
There were different colors coming off of it, and it was moving so much. When I looked at it through the camera, it was blinking and moving all over the place. When I magnified the object there were different colors and it moved quickly? Thanks to MUFON
Minnesota Light
Columbia Heights – I was watching fireworks with friends and family in a warehouse parking lot on June 16, 2016.
I noticed something interesting out of the corner of my eye.
Definitely thought it was a ufo. The object was monitoring and observing the fireworks. I was excited to share this opportunity with my family and friends. Object then disappeared above the fireworks. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Two triangle UFOs reported at New Jersey tree top level
A New Jersey witness at Barnegat Light reported watching two triangle-shaped UFOs pass over at tree top level that quickly moved west, according to testimony in Case 76757 from the Mutual UFO Network (MUFON) witness reporting database.
The reporting witness and her boyfriend were outside barbecuing on a clear night on June 1, 2016.
“My boyfriend observed the object pass over the tree top with multiple colors, triangle shape, lights all around outside, very little to no noise,” the witness stated. The two quickly saw a second object. “The second object was the same, but only three lights – one on each corner, a little to no noise. Both objects headed west, right over our heads. I thought it was either a UFO or a new type of government craft. I did not have camera and it happened so fast.”
Barnegat Light is in Ocean County, NJ, population 574. New Jersey State Section Director Robert Spearing investigated and closed this case as an Unknown. Please remember that most UFO sightings can be explained as something natural or man-made…
The UFO was moving at the tree top level over Barnegat, NJ. A second UFO was right behind the first as it moved overhead.
Both UFOs moved quickly away. Pictured: Barnegat Light, NJ. (Credit: Google) Similar triangles captured over Scotland. The UFO was moving at the tree top level over Barnegat, NJ. (Credit: Google)A second UFO was right behind the first as it moved overhead. Note: UFOs are frequently seen flying over this channel moving toward and away from the Atlantic Ocean. Please report UFO activity to MUFON.com
New Mexico Light
Albuquerque– The craft was miles wide and 150 miles long near the moon. So the next morning I went on U Stream to find the ISS live feed. As I was watching the screen a red light went by the ISS, then a green, then the whole screen. I was on JPL web site looking at their lecture about colored lights that are seen at night around all our missions in space. What got me was he said they are ships and the smallest one was 50 mass? It was like looking through a kaleidoscope. So now I have to see if I can see them. So I got my brother’s camera a NIKON – 200 and started taking pictures of the night sky facing the south and I found them. I found something else; the sun changing the moon being covered up a massive fleet when Mars came close to the earth. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Texas Lights
Surfside— My cousin a fishing boat captain in Surfside TX sent me this picture. He has been a captain for 15-20 years and has never seen anything like this.
He observed this blue/green orb as he was headed back inshore from a fishing charter at 5:59 pm on June 26, 2016. I will give you his phone number since he is the firsthand witness to this. What is odd to me is that the object is bright (glowing) but is back-lit by the sun (no reflection). Thanks to MUFON CMS
Washington Lights
I was just walking around snapping random pictures on March 3, 2016, when I noticed this object appear on the photo.
I automatically recognized it as a UFO. I felt a little sick after. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Salmon Creek – UFO’s were seen in Vancouver Washington on May 29th, 2016, exactly at 1:32 PM. A total of four UFO’s were shot on camera. At 1:30 PM I shot a Chem-trail video of two Jets that got my immediate attention. I texted a friend to look-up in the sky. I looked at his text and there is this strange black object hovering there. I instantly turned on my Samsung 3 Phone and shot this video. As I was filming this the crows were freaked out just as I was. My neighbor came out with her grandson and we all witnessed this amazing event.
In the beginning the white saucer is seen hovering around the evergreen tree. 1:07 there is a Flash of some kind. At 1:18 the white UFO appears again. At 2:21 the second Saucer is next to the evergreen tree. At 2:34 the second Saucer is at the bottom left side of the screen. At 3:32 the second Saucer is visible and from 4:03 to 4:07 a third fast paced Dark Saucer is on a path it come back. Thanks to William Puckett, DirectorWebsite
Worldwide UFO Sightings
Australia Sun
I was looking at the images from the Solar and Hemispherical Observatory Satellite on 4th June 2016 when I saw two objects near the Sun. I screen captured them, and then did a close up analysis. I am amazed to see they’re artificial in appearance. One in particular seems to be shaped very much as I would imagine a spaceship to be with one bulbous front part and a bigger rear and what looks like a tail section pointing up. Although blurry the artificiality of these structures are evident. They are mere specks next to the sun, but would be enormous in relation to planet Earth. The second object is almost like a ‘lawn roller’ in shape with a big cylinder and a distinct thin appendage coming out the back. Enhancing the image seems to show vapor coming off it. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Bosnia Lights
Banja Luka – I was in my bed when this occurred, I heard strange noise on June 25, 2016, which I hear almost every day about 3am.
This time it got real. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Canada Sphere
Scarborough While on break at work in Scarborough in the mid- afternoon on June 1, 2016, I noticed this loud low fast moving plane directly overhead. So I thought to take some pictures to capture the moment at 3:23 pm. After reviewing the four pictures I noticed something odd caught on film in two pictures. It appears long and white – almost translucent. Thanks to Paul Shishis
Mexico Swarm of ‘UFOs’ over Volcano
On June 25, 2016, Coast to Coast revealed an infrared web cam observing a volcano in Mexico captured remarkable footage of a veritable fleet of glowing objects that have left viewers guessing as to their nature.
The incident, culled from a live stream video of the Popocatepetl volcano, begins with a handful of glowing orbs coming into view and then the screen filling with the odd objects.
Check out the remarkable video and find out the various theories as to what the anomalous orbs may be.Incredible Encounters with the Paranormal
Monterey – At 10:40 pm on June 24, 2016, I was outside on the balcony looking at Jupiter. Suddenly I a saw like a shooting star switching colors to blue, red, and white. hen it turned northwest in the direction to the Leo constellation. It was making different short turns, like deciding where to go. The event took about 13 seconds then the object I’m sure, camouflaged like a light dimmed down fast. Note: Fastwalkers are reported entering our atmosphere by NORAD several times a week. thanks to MUFON CMS
Iran Object
Mashhad – A shepherd filmed a dark brown black thing hanging in air for a few minutes on June 24, 2016.You can search online for getting info that is more useful. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Portugal Lights
Charneca de Caparica — This upload of video clips are recorded from 22 to 26 June 2016, in the terrace of my house, where every night I made observations of phenomenon`s in the night sky. In this clips MUFON can visualize three different kinds of technologies of flight.
In the video of the “splash ufos” it is necessary to reduce the speed of reproduction to 30%, since they are very difficult to see. In one of the clips there is a plane passing by. I am registering all to look after patterns. They show up in certain regions of the sky. Thanks to MUFON CMS
UK England Crop Circles
June 6, 2016
Location of discovery: Castle Hill, Wiltshire, UK
Many of us believe that some crop circles were made by aliens trying to communicate a message to humanity though space and time. That even an attempt could change future events and save humanity. It’s my personal believer that each one found in the same area is a word, and each word will appear at an evenly spaced moment of time from the last…just as we see at Castle Hill over the last few years. Scott C. Waring
News states: The June 06, 2016 Castle Hill Crop Circle is in my opinion, a key crop circle, that affirms the return to and the continued focus on the future ritual dates of 9-23 and 9-24. By viewing the crop circle in a negative view, I was able to observe a subtle created and hidden sphere image, created within the image of the Castle Hill Crop Circle. It was this hidden sphere that allowed me to observe and to once again confirm the future intention of using two each 911 false flag events to create the needed time line, needed by the NWO Supercomputer, to ensure their future one world government and one world domination of the world. The Castle Hill UK Crop Circle for me marks a key set of dates in time, regarding the mega ritual of time manipulation that I have been following and pursuing for many year. Thanks to UFO Sighting News
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02-07-2016
Meteorite Minerals Reveal Unexpected Collisions in the Early Solar System
Meteorite Minerals Reveal Unexpected Collisions in the Early Solar System
By Samantha Mathewson
Researchers have identified high-temperature magnetites in chondrules that shed new light on the conditions of the early solar system.
Credit: Yves Marrocchi
In the very early solar system, newly formed massive planets like Jupiter and Saturn stirred up trouble in their cosmic neighborhood, causing smaller bodies to collide with each other, new research shows.
In the disk of material surrounding the very newly formed sun — a swirling cloud of dense gas and dust that eventually gave birth to Earth and the other planets — rocky bodies from the inner solar system experienced violent collisions with icy bodies from the outer solar system, according to new research paper published today (July 1) in the journal Science Advances. To reach each other, these clumps of matter would have traveled across billions of miles of space.
This discovery comes from a detailed analysis { of twosamples of what scientists call chondrite meteorites that fell to Earth from space. Chondrites are among the largest class of meteorites and some of the oldest solid materials found in the solar system. These particular chondrite meteorites have their own names — Vigarano and Kaba — to distinguish them from others that have been collected. [Asteroids May Not Be Planet Building Blocks After All]
Vigarano and Kaaba also contain chondrules — small, round, glassy pellets embedded in chondrites. Chondrules formed when molten droplets rapidly cooled in outer space, and they constitute up to 80 percent of primitive meteorites, according to Yves Marrocchi, a cosmochemist at the Centre of Petrographic and Geochemical Research (CRPG) in France and lead author of the new study.
Chondrules were a part of the protoplanetary disk, from which Earth and the other planets in our solar system formed.
An illustration of a protoplanetary disc around a newborn star.
Credit: University of Copenhagen/Lars Buchhave
Prior research had suggested that magnetite — a primary mineral formed during chondrule formation — present in chondrules was the result of cold water circulation, according to Marrocchi. However, the new study found that the chondrules embedded in Vigarano and Kaba contain high-temperature magnetites.
"This implies that these chondrules were formed under oxygen-rich conditions during impacts between planetesimals," Marrocchi told Space.com.
The composition and shape of the minerals present in the primitive meteorites revealed to Marrocchi and his colleagues that Vigarano and Kaba formed at high temperatures, he said. Marrocchi explained that, in order for magnetites to form at a high temperature, the environment of the protoplanetary disk needed to be oxygen-rich, which only occurs when there are collisions between planetesimals.
"When you produce a collision between small planets, you will produce what we call a plume of gas, which is just the vapors resonating from the collision," Marrocchi said, adding that the magnetites are then formed from the gases released during the collisions.
The results shed new light on the conditions of the early solar system. The researchers found the composition of these magnetites can only be explained by invoking a collision between rocky planetesimals from the inner solar system and icy bodies from the outer solar system. Using astrophysical models, the researchers then concluded that there was a lot of scattering between the inner and outer parts of the solar system, due to the early formation of giant planets, Marrocchi said.
"This implies that chondrules are not primitive dust formed in the disk but, to the contrary, are byproducts of collisions between planetesimals in the early evolution of the solar system," Marrocchi said.
Next, the researchers hope to better understand the kinetics, composition of gas, and duration of such collisions. If high-temperature magnetites are, in fact, found in other types meteorites, it will indicate that these collisions are the main process that drives chondrule formation, Marrocchi said.
Embedded in the asteroid belt is a dwarf planet that features a 3-mile-high (5 kilometers) pyramid-shaped mountain and intriguing bright patches that scientists are still trying to understand.
This world's name is Ceres, and it is currently under scrutiny by NASA's Dawn spacecraft, which began orbiting the dwarf planet in March 2015.
The 590-mile-wide (950 km) Ceres remains mysterious more than two centuries after its 1801 discovery. For example: Where did it form? Are there other bodies out there like it? To get more insight, Space.com asked Dawn principal investigator Christopher Russell of UCLA for his thoughts on the biggest mysteries of Ceres. This slideshow includes the questions he asked. [See photos of the dwarf planet Ceres]
1. Why doesn't Ceres have a family of "ceroids" associated with it?
Ceres appears to rise from the depths of space in this image taken by NASA's Dawn spacecraft.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA
The protoplanet Vesta, another large body in the asteroid belt that Dawn examined from orbit, has a family of asteroids that orbit near it. These "vestoids" are believed to have been blasted out by a powerful impact long ago, which created a huge crater that was first spotted by the Hubble Space Telescope when Vesta passed close to Earth in 1996. In 2011, a new type of asteroid was identifiedthat apparently originated from Vesta's interior somehow. (The asteroid is called 1999 AT10).
Ceres, like Vesta, is a long-time inhabitant of the asteroid belt. It also has many craters on its surface. Why haven't scientists seen any "ceroids" associated with Ceres? Figuring out this answer could yield insight into the different formation histories of Vesta and Ceres, Russell said.
2. Why have we seen no meteorites from Ceres?
Kupalo Crater, one of the youngest craters on Ceres, shows evidence of salts (the bright materials on its rim and walls). Image taken by the Dawn spacecraft.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA
There's another thing that Vesta has that Ceres doesn't: meteorites that have fallen to Earth.
"Vesta informed us of herself by showering Earth with meteorites — the Howardites, Eucrites and Diogenites," Russell told Space.com. "Six percent of all the meteorites seen falling to Earth come from Vesta, but we know of none from Ceres."
The mysterious lack of Ceres meteorites makes it harder to learn about the internal composition of the dwarf planet, because this composition cannot be studied directly. Instead, Dawn must make inferences from orbital observations. Scientists can also gain insights through modeling Ceres' formation, and comparing the object to other bodies in the solar system.
3. Where is the water vapor on Ceres coming from?
This is a graph of the water absorption signal at Ceres detected by the Herschel space telescope, showing different signal intensities.
Credit: Adapted from Küppers et al.
In early 2014, scientists announced that they had spotted signs of water vapor on the dwarf planet. This discovery — which was something of a surprise, because asteroids in the main belt are not known to spout plumes — came courtesy of Europe's Herschel space telescope, which did not see the water vapor every time it looked at Ceres.
At the time, scientists suggested that the water vapor occurs when parts of Ceres' icy surface get a little warmer, as the dwarf planet gets closer to the sun.
In 2015, Dawn scientists observed a haze above Occator crater, suggesting that this feature could be an active source of water vapor on Ceres. But it's still unclear where the plume reported in 2014 came from.
4. Where did Ceres form?
The surface of Ceres, as imaged by the Dawn spacecraft, shows ample evidence of impacts in the ancient past.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA
Ceres' location in the asteroid belt is intriguing because the dwarf planet is so much bigger and rounder than its companions. Even the 330-mile-wide (530 km) Vesta is irregularly shaped. There also are elements on Ceres' surface that confused the Dawn science team when they began examining the dwarf planet up close. [See Ceres in Sharp Detail (Video)]
"When we first looked at the surface of Ceres, it was covered with ammoniated phyllosilicates," Russell told Space.com in an email. "But ammonia contains nitrogen, which is condensed in a very cold environment."
This observation raises intriguing questions about where Ceres formed, Russell said. For example, perhaps the dwarf planet coalesced in the cold, dark depths of the outer solar system and then migrated inward to its current position somehow.
Right now, Ceres orbits the sun at about 3 astronomical units (AU); 1 AU is the Earth-sun distance, about 93 million miles (150 million km).
"Was it ever this cold at 3 AU, where Ceres is now?" Russell added. "Or did Ceres come from far out in the solar system, where it is cold today?"
5. What is the true nature of those bright spots on Ceres?
Roughly 130 bright areas on Ceres are highlighted in blue in this map of the dwarf planet, made up of images from the Dawn spacecraft.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA
The bright spots on Ceres made the dwarf planet famous even before Dawn entered orbit. The mystery of what these spots are — ice, salt or something else — even inspired an xkcd comic, which (spoiler alert) joked that perhaps it was evidence of a past visitor.
The massive public interest in the bright spots inspired NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California to create a poll allowing people to vote for their favored explanation —volcanoes, geysers, rocks, ice, salt deposits or other.
In December 2015, results released in the journal Nature gave a bit more insight into what the bright spots are. Dawn identified more than 130 bright areas that are mostly associated with impact craters. Inside these cratersappears to be a type of salt(magnesium sulfate) called hexahydrite. The theory is that the salt was unearthed when asteroids hit the surface. When the water ice in these craters sublimated into space, the salts were left behind.
But mysteries still abound concerning that theory. For example, Dawn scientists suggested at a March 2016 press conference that Occator Crater — where the biggest bright spots are — is apparently too old for the theoryto work. The thinking is that the salts should have been covered over in the 80 million years since Occator was formed. Dawn investigations continue in an attempt to resolve the findings.
Real-Life Holodeck? 'Star Trek' Tech Uses VR to Solve Global Problems
Real-Life Holodeck? 'Star Trek' Tech Uses VR to Solve Global Problems
By Edd Gent, Live Science Contributor
Researchers at New York University are designing an immersive virtual-reality environment inspired by the fictional Holodeck in the "Star Trek" TV series.
Credit: Burleson et al./NYU
On the cult sci-fi TV show "Star Trek," crewmembers aboard the USS Enterprise could explore simulated environments or participate in interactive virtual experiences — anything from walking around lush forests to trying to solve a Sherlock Holmes-style mystery — as a way to mentally escape the confines of the starship or take a break from daily activities.
While the fictional Holodeck from the hit series was mainly used by the "Star Trek" characters for recreational purposes, could such an immersive virtual-reality (VR) environment help people tackle global problems like climate change or drug policy? Researchers at New York University (NYU) think so, and they are designing their own version of the technology to create a cyberlearning environment of the future.
Winslow Burleson, the project's leader and an associate professor focusing on educational technology at NYU, thinks a network of internet-connected Holodecks could allow people to crowdsource solutions to intractable societal problems. [Science Fact of Fiction? The Plausibility of 10 Sci-Fi Concepts]
The technology could enable people across the globe to create and participate in detailed simulations for research and collaborative learning, even allowing them to explore virtual scenarios to help find better ways of tackling communal challenges, he said.
"The future is moving from today's approach of trying to teach you who we think you should become, to a capacity for you to explore as a learner throughout your life who you are and who you want to be," Burleson told Live Science.
"I see that happening both at the individual level and at a societal level," he said. "If we can envisage the kinds of worlds that we want to explore and potentially live in, we can then use these Holodecks as collaborative sense-making tools to understand our interactions and impacts and use that to evolve our societies."
'Star Trek'-inspired tech
The NYU Experiential Super Computer, nicknamed the Holodeck, will combine VR technology and touch-based controls and feedback with computers that can simulate in real-time everything from environments to social situations, or even visualizations of scientific problems, the researchers said.
The system will be able to track users' movements and even their mental states via physiological cues like sweating or the pitch of their voices, Burleson said. This will help personalize their experiences, he added.
And as people use the Holodeck, they will be guided through their learning by robotic and virtual learning assistants, according to the researchers. The system will even feature 3D printing technology so that people can rapidly create physical prototypes of things they're working on, they said.
This kind of immersive virtual experience is now possible, thanks to the rapid advances currently being made in VR technology, largely fueled by the gaming industry. Burleson said his group has already made significant progress with several of the component technologies. [Beyond Gaming: 10 Other Fascinating Uses for Virtual-Reality Tech]
For example, the scientists have already demonstrated that HD camera arrays can capture the positioning of all users and physical objects in a prototype Holodeck and use this to position them in a virtual scene shown through VR goggles in real time. The NYU researchers have also created a 3D sound system that can record and recreate accurate simulations of acoustic spaces, Burleson said.
Members of the team have worked with NASA and the Exploratorium, the San Francisco-based cyberlearning museum, to design robotic and virtual assistants for both cyberlearning and remote planetary exploration.
The researchers have also partnered with a Boston-based startup called Humanyze, which creates high-tech badges packed with sensors that cantrack people's movement, social interactions and even speech dynamics.
Fact vs. fiction
But the researchers still have a ways to go before they can create a working prototype, Burleson said. They are currently focused on setting up an infrastructure that will enable them to combine these various parts into a coherent whole and make it easy for users to share information or even contribute to the project with new tools and features, he added.
"The work we're doing now is to fuse these components into one overarching architecture," Burleson said. "It's the difference between an individual knife for a specialized task and a Swiss army knife."
The use of virtual worlds to tackle real-world problems is already an active domain of research that even has its own peer-reviewed academic publication — the Journal of Virtual Worlds Research.
Games like "World of Warcraft" and "Second Life" have been used by researchers to investigate everything from psychology to the governance of virtual universes. But the more complex and customizable virtual worlds that would be enabled by the Holodeck should make it possible to tackle larger and more complex problems, Burleson said.
"It enables a process of understanding how we want to live, what the trade-offs are, what the possibilities are, as individuals and as a society," he said. "That lets you make more informed decisions and more agile decisions."
Ours is just another civilization to populate the planet
Ours is just another civilization to populate the planet
It is possible that, just as many other advanced civilizations in the past, ours is heading towards an imminent collapse? This is just one of the questions to which one NASA study tries to answer.
The study, sponsored in part by the Goddard Space Flight Centersuggests that our civilization, as we know, could come to an abrupt end in the coming decades due to a number of factors.
If we look back to 3000/5000 years, there is clearly shown how advanced and complex civilization were just as susceptible to collapse. This recurrent pattern has led researchers to question the future existence of the company and today’s civilization.
If we could look back even further, perhaps 10,000 years ago, perhaps we will have evidence of advanced civilizations that preceded the pre-Inca civilizations, Olmec and the Egyptian civilization to say nothing of other advanced civilizations in Mesopotamia.
It is hard to overlook the repeated similarities that scholars have identified in these civilizations and the study funded by NASA would have produced clear evidence of similar pathways that they would take ancient civilizations on earth. This is seen as a clear sign that civilization on Earth was reset many times.
Mesopotamian empires, Maya, the fall of the Empire are all witnesses of how fragile civilization are.
What brings a civilization to collapse?
The study came to the conclusion that there are two basic social characteristics that have contributed to the collapse of each individual advanced civilizations of the past
Increased demand for resources
Economic social differences in society
These two phenomena have played a central role in the collapse phase, at least the last few 5000 years.
Although our technologically advanced present (at least according to our canons), does not mean that we are exempt from a possible chaos. In the study we find that:
” Technological change can increase the efficiency of resource use, but it also tends to increase both the per capita consumption of resources that they extract of the scale, so that the effects of the effects of policies and an increased consumption, often compensate greater efficiency in the use of resources “
One of the greatest examples of ancient civilization advanced disappearance is found in Mesopotamia.
Let’s take a quick look at the Mayan people, ancient civilization with a very advanced knowledge, but we also find them different factors that played a crucial role in their disappearance. Many believe that the famine, deforestation and drought are the basis of the disappearance of the Maya people, factors which we also present in the disappearance of other civilizations in the world.
Motesharrei and his colleagues conclude that under conditions that closely reflects the reality of today. The collapse is difficult to avoid. Civilizations have come and gone, many more than those we think we know, and which were probably even much more advanced than ours.
Neil deGrasse Tyson: “The aliens would see us as their pet”
Neil deGrasse Tyson: “The aliens would see us as their pet”
American astrophysicist and popularizer Neil deGrasse Tyson believes that a sufficiently intelligent extraterrestrial civilization would have no interest in humans and whether they had a contact “would we like a chimpanzee, a baby or your pet.”
Neil deGrasse Tyson, who presented the new production of informative program Cosmos , made this statement during a talk with Jill Tarter, former director of the SETI Center for Search for Intelligent Life in the Universe Carl Sagan, the creator of that science series , he co – founded.
DeGrasse, who is an associate in the Department of Astrophysics at the American Museum of Natural History researcher, explained that, in relation to intelligence and despite wars, humanity “has improved and there is some hope in terms of natural evolution: look good in how we treat ourselves and how we could treat aliens. “
However, the researcher said, a sufficiently intelligent extraterrestrial civilization would have no interest in humans as “if you go down the street do not think about communicating with a microscopic worm”, so he quipped, “our greatest protection against aliens would not throw signs of intelligent life on Earth. “
When you think the closest genetically to humans (a genetic difference of 1 percent), the chimpanzee, continued Neil deGrasse, animal species realizes that the smartest thing you can do is to stack boxes, eat a banana and perhaps a rudimentary sign language, like a human baby makes two years.
Given the above, he continued, “how would we aliens?”. For perhaps they would see the most intelligent human “as the chimpanzee, your baby or your pet, and say that Stephen Hawking is a little smarter than the rest because it can make astrophysical calculations like his son just came from the nursery” .
Therefore, he continued DeGrasse, confident that if a contact with a civilization of superior intelligence what they do is “to create a zoo and get there and occasionally they throw little things, asteroids or foreign politicians like Trump” occurs.
Also, the discloser if “terraform” asked another planet Mars and send half the population, 4,000 million people, it would be realistic. Before this, he replied that “the effort to get there is greater than the need to do to change the course of a murderer asteroid”, which has more urgently “think protect ourselves.”
In this regard, Jill Tarter said that intelligence has evolved “so you do not devour: a trick of evolution and the relationship between prey and predator wherever there is life.”
The former director of the SETI program noted that this corner of the galaxy our solar system is very young and if the technology gets last a significant period of time the exercise of throwing the dart toward a sample of intelligent life “is more likely to hit the target “.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 73 jaar jong.
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