Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS NEARLY 13 YEARS AND 4 MONTH.
ON /30/09/2024 MORE THAN 2.230.520
VISITORS FROM 135 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
31-05-2018
What is this mysterious object caught on video in the clouds above an RAF base? Bystander claims to have filmed 'UFO'
What is this mysterious object caught on video in the clouds above an RAF base? Bystander claims to have filmed 'UFO'
Lucas Budel, 19, said he spotted the mysterious aircraft near his home in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire
The area is home to the RAF base which used to investigate UFO sightings and which now houses Headquarters Air Command
Footage appears to show a white mass making unusual movements in the sky, leaving wispy trails behind it as it goes
A teen skywatcher claims to have captured a UFO hovering near an RAF base – and is convinced it could be something extraterrestrial.
Lucas Budel, 19, said he spotted the mysterious aircraft near his home in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire.
The town is home to the RAF base which used to investigate UFO sightings and which now houses Headquarters Air Command.
In the video, a white mass can be seen making unusual movements in the sky, leaving wispy trails behind it as it goes.
Mr Budel said: 'I was just sitting in my room at my computer when I saw an extremely bright light out my window falling from the sky.
'I initially thought it was a meteor falling, which is already quite unusual to see, until its motion stopped for a few seconds and went back up.
'I was so in awe that I didn't have time to record it. It then disappeared.'
But when the supposed UFO reappeared, Lucas was ready. 'I went back to my desk and got my phone so when I saw it again I used that to record it,' he said.
'The best way to describe it was like an electrical cloud moving in alternating directions continuously.
'At one point it looked as if red sparks or electricity was flying out of it.
'At another point it seemed like whatever it was lost its power and started falling to the ground before the 'engines' started back up.'
Lucas claims he also witnessed the UFO split in two, becoming two separate bodies of light. 'I'm positive that it was some strange phenomena,' he said.
Teen skywatcher Lucas Budel, 19, claims to have captured a UFO hovering near an RAF base near his home in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire
'Be it ball lightning, military testing or something extraterrestrial. It looked like a vaporising electrical cloud.
'Someone also said it could be an RC plane but from what I saw it didn't seem like that at all.
'I've never seen anything else like this, specifically in my area.'
There are workplace hazards in any laboratory, but the International Space Station offers more than a few unique challenges. Since 2000, the microgravity lab has hosted over 200 people in lower Earth orbit, creating one of the most important environments for scientific research. Yet, the human experience of being onboard the ISS is a study unto itself.
Astronauts who arrive on the ISS expect abnormalities in the body, from deteriorating muscle mass and bone density to elevated blood flow in the head and chest. ISS staff physically train on a daily basis to avoid and offset some of these health risks, but beyond body composition, life onboard the satellite means a lifestyle overhaul.
Expedition 50 crewmates (from left) Andrey Borisenko, Oleg Novitskiy and Peggy Whitson at mealtime in Unity module.
1. Beware Flattened Eyeballs
Not only do astronauts face deteriorating muscle mass, they tend to develop serious vision issues during their time on the ISS as well. While in orbit, fluid can push on astronauts’ eyeballs, flattening the eye shape and leading to extreme farsightedness. The ISS is stocked with adjustable eyeglasses of varying prescriptions for those whose eyesight devolves while in space.
2. Dust-Filled, Itchy Eyes Are Also a Thing
And if that’s not bad enough, the astronauts frequently have to deal with something in their rapidly flattening eyeballs. Because dust does not fall to the ground but floats around until eventually being filtered out, eye irritation is an ongoing problem for astronauts. Allergy symptoms and feeling “stuffy” is also common, not just from dust by from the shift of blood to the chest and head thanks to the lack of gravity.
Italian astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti of the European Space Agency explains how they use the bathroom in space.
3. Pooping Is… a Challenge
NASA’s Peggy Whitson knows a thing or two about pooping on the ISS, seeing as she has spent more time in space — 665 days! — than any other American. Whereas peeing is a relatively straightforward process that uses a funnel and a fan to suction out the urine, pooping is complicated.
According to Whitson, bowel movements need to be directed into a “small target” of a hole on top of a silver can in the $19,000 Russian-made toilet. The poop is then suctioned out through a fan and sealed in a bag that fills up over time. Whitson shared that when the poop bag is filling up and garbage day is still far in the distance, astronauts have had to throw on a pair of rubber gloves and pack the poop down.
CNN✔@CNN
“Better you than me,” President Trump says when Peggy Whitman tells him they are purifying urine for drinking water
While there’s no LaCroix in space, all sorts of unique beverage flavors are available. Whitson also shared with Business Insider that after the astronauts’ urine is suctioned away, it gets stored in a yellow cone on top of the toilet. From there, up to 85 percent of it is recycled into drinkable water, which usually takes about eight days to process. When NASA’s Scott Kelly spent a year in space, he drank roughly 730 liters of his own sweat and urine.
5. Astronauts Can Get Stuck.
This has to be some type of architectural oversight. Astronauts need to push off structures in order to move around the space station, but NASA astronaut Terry Virts once told Reader’s Digest that it’s possible to get stuck in place without any structure to help the astronaut mobilize. Virts shared a memory of scientists getting stuck in the Node 3 module before equipment was mounted to its sides. The room was wider than an arm span, meaning astronauts who found themselves in the middle would be stuck there for 5 to 10 minutes until air currents helped them reach a wall.
6. Sunrises Are Almost Nonstop
It might be difficult to get a little shut-eye when the ISS witnesses 16 sunrises per day. The space station travels about 17,100 miles per hour and can thus complete a full orbit of Earth every 90 minutes. There are 16 sunsets per 24-hour Earth day as well, creating stunning views all day, every day.
With nonstop sunrises and sunsets, it’s clear there are some perks to working in Earth’s lower orbit, as well. So long as astronauts avoid the center of large rooms and have an impeccable aim for the poop chute, it’s not all bad.
Photos via NASA, Italian astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti of the European Space Agency explains how they use the bathroom in space., Eric Kilby / Flickr
If Elon Musk ever has its way, humans could settle Mars as early as 2024. The goal is to move our earthling butts to another planet and finally become an interplanetary species, one less vulnerable to extinction. In the process, however, we might actually be triggering the rapid evolution of a new species that is more adapted to the alien environment — in this case, Mars. That’s what a recent study seems to hint at, listing some of the risks people trying to conceive on Mars might face and discussing some of the ethical implications that arise from it.
Would you raise your kids on Mars?
In many respects, the fourth planet from the sun is pretty Earth-like. However, while it was once home to flowing rivers and oceans of water, today the Red Planet is barren and inhospitable to life, despite our biggest hopes that one day we might find life there or at least some evidence of past life.
Both NASA and the famous SpaceX CEO Elon Musk want to establish a permanent colony on Mars at some point. This means that settlers there will also have to have babies in order to expand the colony. However, with its freezing temperature, thin atmosphere, low gravity, and a slew of other perils, Mars isn’t exactly the nicest place to raise children. Actually, according to a new study published in the journal Futures, it will be quite the ordeal.
“Reproduction on Mars will be necessary for colony survival and subsequent expansion,” the team of researchers wrote the new paper. “Unfortunately, such an endeavor comes with titanic challenges.”
The average temperature on Mars is about -80 degrees Fahrenheit (-60 degrees Celsius), although it can vary from -195 F (-125 C) near the poles during winter to as much as 70 F (20 C) at midday near the equator. The carbon-dioxide-rich atmosphere of Mars is also roughly 100 times less dense than Earth’s on average, but it is nevertheless thick enough to support weather, clouds, and winds. A thin atmosphere means much more radiation from the sun reaches Mars’ surface than on Earth. This increases the risk of developing brain cell damage and various cancers. And concerning reproduction, it will also severely impact sperm count. Some of these radiation effects may be offset if the colony is located deep under the Martian surface — but it’s unclear at this point how safe humans would be in such conditions.
Mars also has a much weaker gravity than on Earth, about a third of we’re used to. This means that there’s far less pressure and stress on the human body, which sounds like good news. The problem is that this sudden change in gravity will impact human health, as previous studies on astronauts stationed to the ISS have shown. Altered vision and increased pressure inside the head are among the physiological changes both men and women experience following space flight. These symptoms have been lumped together by NASA under the ‘visual impairment intracranial pressure syndrome’, or VIIP syndrome for short. Scientists hypothesized that at least one of the causes for VIIP syndrome could be related to the redistribution of body fluid toward the head due to microgravity exposure.
Microgravity also seems to change the brain structure of astronauts. Although Mars has some gravity, it’s conceivable that it could have similar effects on colonists’ health — albeit to a less degree than on the ISS — since it’s much lower than Earth’s. What’s more, babies born on Mars would face huge problems adjusting to Earth, if they ever decide to travel there. For example, one NASA scientist, Al Globus, gives an example of someone who weighs 160 pounds. “If I went to a 3g planet, the equivalent of moving from Mars to Earth, I would weigh almost 500 pounds and would have great difficulty getting out of bed,” Globus told Live Science in 2011.
Some might interject that many of these issues can be solved with technology: We can build better shelters and, at the end of the day, Martian settlers will just have to alter their babies’ genome in order for them to adapt to alien conditions. But this would entail a set of ethical and social challenges the likes of which humans have never before experienced. It could mean that some people would simply not be allowed to have kids, for instance. Also, in a very resource-limited Martian society, very weak or ‘useless’ individuals might have to be discarded for the greater good of the colony.
“The idea to protect life at every stage of development may not be suited to a Mars colony,” the authors wrote. “An inhospitable environment and a small mission crew may result in the elevation of the value of group over the individual.”
“The method of CRISPR makes possible adaptive genetic engineering,” the authors wrote. “We should consider the idea of genetic human enhancement before and during that mission.”
In doing so, however, we might end up creating a new species of humans.
For centuries, ever since the first astronomers turned the first rudimentary telescopes towards Mars, mankind has imagined encountering Martians. Ironically, these fabled Martians might just end up being a new race of Earthlings.
Explore the Milky Way's Monster Black Hole with This Virtual Tour
Explore the Milky Way's Monster Black Hole with This Virtual Tour
By Elizabeth Howell, Space.com Contributor
Last month, scientists announced the discovery of thousands of black holes at the heart of our galaxy. Now, you can explore the monster black hole at the core of the Milky Way that's surrounded by that black-hole swarm, thanks to a new virtual tour released by NASA.
The individual black holes are estimated to be five to 30 times the mass of our sun, and all were found within three light-years from the monster black hole, called Sagittarius A*.
"Researchers combed through data from NASA's Chandra X-Ray Observatory, looking for possible black holes in close orbit with a star," researchers said in a new video posted on the Chandra website. "They found about a dozen strong black-hole candidates within a very short distance of the supermassive black hole at the galactic center. This implies the presence of other undetected stellar-mass black holes. Up to a thousand stellar-mass black holes could be present."
The video zooms in on Sagittarius A*, with suspected locations of other black holes circled in the animation. But there are other possible explanations for the X-ray sources. At least half of the observed X-ray radiation might be from rapidly rotating neutron stars that have strong magnetic fields, according to scientists at the Chandra X-Ray Observatory.
But if the observed sources are indeed black holes, scientists are particularly interested in those that have companion stars. One reason is that the discovery could help scientists better understand gravitational waves, or ripples in space-time caused by interactions between massive objects. The first confirmed detection of gravitational waves was in 2015, and observations continue with the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory and Virgo interferometer collaborations.
A paper based on the new Chandra results was published April 5 in the journal Nature. The work was led by Charles J. Hailey, co-director of the Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory at Columbia University in New York.
This photo taken by NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft during its July 2015 flyby of Pluto shows the mountain range on the edge of the dwarf planet’s Sputnik Planitia ice plain. Dune formations are clearly visible in the bottom half of the picture.
Credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Southwest Research Institute
Pluto is an uncanny-valley world, with landscapes and vistas that seem strikingly similar to those of Earth — until you take a closer look.
NASA's New Horizons mission, which flew by the dwarf planet in July 2015, found that Pluto has towering mountains, but of water ice rather than rock; vast plains of frozen nitrogen and other exotic materials; and blue skies provided by a wispy atmosphere that contains no appreciable oxygen.
The new discovery "shows us that Pluto's atmosphere and surface are interacting in a way that geologically/geomorphologically alters the surface," said study lead author Matt Telfer, a lecturer in physical geography at the University of Plymouth in England.
"That's exciting not just because it shows (again) the dynamism of these small, cold, dark distant worlds, but also for its inferences for very early solar system bodies," Telfer told Space.com via email.
A graphic from NASA shows Pluto's hazy atmosphere, as seen by the New Horizons spacecraft. The inset provides more detail about the haze layers.
Telfer and his colleagues analyzed the imagery New Horizons captured during its epic flyby. They noticed a complex of ridges within Sputnik Planitia, a 620-mile-wide (1,000 kilometers) nitrogen-ice plain that forms the left lobe of Pluto's famous "heart."
The ridges ripple in a 47-mile-wide (75 km) sliver on the western edge of Sputnik Planitia, where the plain runs into the 3-mile-high (5 km) Al-Idrisi Montes mountain range. The newly identified features look a lot like wind-sculpted dunes, and that's exactly what they are, according to the study team.
"We're sure," Telfer said. "It's actually the relatively simple stuff, like their location, alignment (undisturbed by glacial movement, unlike the sublimation pits elsewhere), orientation (including the adjacent orthogonal wind streaks), and changes in regional orientation and spacing that nail it. It all makes perfect sense for dunes, and doesn't match what we'd see for sublimation pits."
"Sublimation pits" are spots where sunlight has caused relatively large amounts of icy material to sublime, or transition directly from the solid phase to gas. New Horizons imagery has revealed thousands of such depressions across Sputnik Planitia, and a series of aligned pits was the most viable alternative explanation for the dune features, Telfer and his colleagues wrote in the new study, which was published online today (May 31) in the journal Science.
Sublimation is an important part of the dunes' story, the researchers found. They performed modeling work that suggested Pluto's winds are strong enough to create the Sputnik Planitia dune system — as long as the grains being blown were already airborne. Sublimation is pretty much the only way to make this happen, with the grains being lofted by rising gas, according to the study team.
The wind-blown grains are probably frozen methane that originated in the nearby mountain range, but bits of nitrogen ice are another possibility, the authors wrote.
Dune systems appear to be common throughout the solar system. Such features have been confirmed on Earth, Mars, Venus and Saturn's huge moon Titan, for example, and they may even exist on Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, which was studied up close by Europe's Rosetta mission from 2014 through 2016.
Still, finding dunes on Pluto was unexpected, given the dwarf planet's very thin air, experts said.
"What makes this discovery surprising is that the sediment can be mobilized despite Pluto's tenuous atmosphere, with a surface pressure (1 Pa) that is a factor of 100,000 times lower than that on Earth," Alexander Hayes, an assistant professor of astronomy at Cornell University who was not involved in the new study, wrote in an accompanying "Perspectives" piece in the same issue of Science.
Telfer expressed similar sentiments: "It was hard to see how the wind could influence anything, until you do the math."
The new study is far from the final word on Pluto's dunes, stressed Hayes, who also directs Cornell's Spacecraft Planetary Imaging Facility.
"Nature tends to converge toward a set of relatively few forms and generic patterns using a variety of processes," he wrote. "Accordingly, much work is left to do to understand dunes on Pluto. Most notably, it remains to be shown how high the dunes are, when they are most active, whether they change and whether entrainment can occur without lofting."
New Horizons' work is far from done, by the way. The probe is now gearing up for a flyby of a small object called 2014 MU69, which lies about 1 billion miles (1.6 billion km) beyond Pluto. That close encounter, which will occur on Jan. 1, 2019, is the centerpiece of New Horizons' extended mission.
Extremely Large Telescope: The Biggest Eye on the Sky
Extremely Large Telescope: The Biggest Eye on the Sky
By Nola Taylor Redd, Space.com Contributor
Top view of the 3-dimensional model of the European Extremely Large Telescope and its enclosure.
Credit: ESO
In the mountains of Chile sits the site of what will become the largest optical telescope in the world. The Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) will have a primary mirror made up of almost 800 individual segments and will be capable of collecting more light than all of the existing 8-to-10-meter telescopes on the planet, combined.
Originally dubbed the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT), the name of the ELT was changed in 2017. Its new moniker, the Extremely Large Telescope, reflects the growing number of the European Southern Observatory (ESO)'s international partners and the instrument's location in Chile.
"The ELT will produce discoveries that we simply cannot imagine today, and it will inspire people around the world to think about science, technology and our place in the universe," Tim de Zeeuw, ESO's Director General, said in a statement.
Planning and execution
Telescopes are made up of primary and secondary mirrors. Until the last few decades, these mirrors were made up of a single rigid piece of glass. The largest single-pane, or monolithic, mirrors currently in use can be found on the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT), each with a diameter of 27.5 feet (8.4 meters).
But technology limits how large a monolithic mirror can be made, and the LBT skirts it. Building even larger mirrors requires using segments that work together as a unit to collect light. The Keck telescopes in Hawaii and the James Webb Space Telescope are two examples of telescopes using segmented mirrors.
The ELT will consist of a 128-foot (39 m) main mirror made up of 798 individual hexagon segments. Each segment will measure 4.6 feet (1.4 m) across, with a thickness of 2 inches (5 centimeters). Together, the segments will collect tens of millions of times as much light as the human eye.
Early designs of the ELT included a segmented primary mirror of 140 feet (42 meters) and a secondary mirror 19 feet (5.9 m) across. In 2011, the ESO decided to reduce the size to a 130–foot (39.3 m) primary and a 14–foot (4.2 m) secondary, reducing the cost and allowing the telescope to be finished sooner.
"As much as we astronomers always aim for ever bigger telescopes, the core purpose of such a revolutionary project as the ELT is to find the right balance between scientific capability and cost efficiency. ESO has always managed to lead ground-based astronomy and built front-line telescopes thanks to this approach," de Zeeuw said. "With the new ELT design we can still satisfy the bold science goals and also ensure that the construction can be completed in only 10 to 11 years. This will allow the ELT to operate simultaneously with the James Webb Space Telescope."
The ELT will sit in the Cerro Armazones, Chile, where high altitudes and low humidity make it a choice site for telescopes. The site was selected in 2010, and in 2011 the Chilean government donated land for the instrument, while committing to keep an additional 140 square miles (362 square kilometers) free of buildings that could interfere with the telescope's observations.
"Chile has the clearest skies on Earth and hosts the most important centers for astronomical observation," Chilean Minister of Foreign Affairs Alfredo Moreno said in a statement. "It is part of our assets and also part of our contribution to humanity."
In 2015, the first instruments were approved for the massive telescope. They include a near-infrared imager, an adaptive optics unit, an integral field spectrograph, and a mid-infrared imager and spectrograph.
The first-stone ceremony for the telescope occurred in 2017. In addition to kicking off the construction of the ELT, the ceremony also included the sealing of a time capsule prepared by ESO.
The ESO has a live image of Cerro Armazones taken from Cerro Paranal that is updated every hour during the daytime. You can watch the construction here.
In 2018, the first six hexagonal segments for the ELT's main mirror were successfully cast in Germany. More than 900 segments will ultimately be cast — 798 for the main mirror, plus a spare set of 133. When fully up to speed, the production rate will be about one segment per day.
"It was a wonderful feeling to see the first segments being successfully cast," Marc Cayrel, an engineer at ESO, said in a statement. "This is a major milestone for the ELT!"
First light is targeted for 2024.
The European-Extremely Large Telescope stands to the left next to the Very Large Telescope and the Statue of Liberty on the right for size
comparison.
Credit: ESO Astronomy
The science of the ELT
The massive segmented primary mirror of the ELT will allow it to perform groundbreaking science, scoping out extrasolar planets, shining light on other galaxies, and improving the understanding of the fundamental laws of physics.
One of the most intriguing and exciting aspects of the ELT science program will be the discovery and characterization of planets and protoplanetary systems around other stars. The ELT should be able to discover worlds down to Earth-like masses, as well as directly image larger planets and potentially characterize their atmospheres. It will observe giant planets around young stars and in star-forming regions, tracing their evolution over time.
The ELT "will answer fundamental questions regarding planet formation and evolution, the planetary environment of other stars, and the uniqueness (or otherwise) of the solar system and Earth," the ESO says on their site.
The ELT will also be able to peer into the heart of galaxies to count their stars. Currently, astronomers can only resolve individual stars in our own galaxy and its nearest neighbors, none of which are elliptical galaxies.
"A galaxy's stellar populations carry a memory of its entire star formation history, and decoding this information offers detailed insights into the galaxy's past," the ESO says.
The ELT will be able to precisely resolve the stellar populations of more distant galaxies, including the giant elliptical galaxies of the Virgo cluster, providing detailed information about star formation, metal enrichment, and the movement history of nearby galaxies.
The ELT will also be able to look at more distant galaxies, surveying hundreds of massive galaxies at their most distant. By providing scientists with information about their ages, stellar masses, star formation rates, metallicities, and more, the ELT will lead towards a better understanding of galaxy formation. The telescope will also push back to the end of the "dark ages," when galaxies were first beginning to form after the Big Bang, to identify some of the first galaxies and their properties.
The massive instrument will also help to shine some light on the expanding universe. By helping scientists discover and identify distant types of supernovae, the standard candles of the universe, the ELT will help map out the universe and the history of its expansion. It will also provide insight into dark energy.
"The ELT will also attempt, for the first time, to constrain dark energy by directly observing the global dynamics of the universe," the ESO says. "This measurement will offer a truly independent and unique approach to the exploration of the expansion history of the universe."
The next generation telescopes
"Extremely Large Telescopes are considered worldwide as one of the highest priorities in ground-based astronomy," the ESO says on its website. "They will vastly advance astrophysical knowledge, allowing detailed studies of subjects including planets around other stars, the first objects in the Universe, super-massive black holes, and the nature and distribution of the dark matter and dark energy which dominate the Universe."
The ELT is not the only ELT being built. The Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) was set for construction on Mauna Kea, Hawaii, until problems arose with its construction permit in 2015. Currently, the TMT is on hold, with its organizers considering an alternate location in La Palma in the Canary Islands.
Another ELT under construction is the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT), which is also being built in Chile. GMT will combine seven 8.4-meter mirrors to create an effective aperture of 24.5 meters. The telescope is expected to begin operations by 2025.
On 8 July 1947 the Roswell Daily Record newspaper published a front page article with the headline "RAAF Captures Flying Saucer On Ranch in Roswell Region", and the legend of America's most famous brush with aliens was born.
Today, many conspiracy theorists consider the so-called "Roswell incident" to be one of the most conspicuous pieces of evidence that the US government has covered up the existence of extra-terrestrial life on Earth. But the Roswell story's position in the public imagination was far from immediate.
What was the Roswell incident?
On 7 July 1947, around 75 miles north of the town of Roswell in New Mexico, debris from a highly classified project used by the US Army Air Force (the precursor to the US Air Force) to detect atomic bomb tests in the Soviet Union, was recovered from a ranch after being reported by ranch worker William Brazel.
Intrigued by the idea of flying saucers, Brazel gathered some of the debris and went to Roswell where he told Sheriff George Wilcox about his find. According to reports he "whispered kinda confidential like". Wilcox immediately reported the encounter to the USAAF base at Roswell which promptly sent agents to visit the ranch, but not before the press picked up the story.
What was reported at the time?
On 8 July 1947 Roswell Army Air Field (RAAF) issued a press release stating that a "flying disk" had crashed on a ranch near Roswell during a powerful storm. Later in the day, as government scientists arrived in the area, the story appeared to change. A press conference was held and it was stated instead that a weather balloon had crashed. Reporters were shown debris said to be taken from the crash area, such as foil, rubber and wood, which appeared to confirm that the object had been a weather balloon.
After initially suggesting that Brazel's debris had come from a UFO, the Roswell Daily Record reported a correction which included the USAAF statement that it was a weather balloon that had been found at the site. Brazel later went on record to say that he regretted the publicity that his misidentification had caused.
According to the official accounts, the debris Brazel found came from a balloon which was part of an experimental technology trial codenamed Project Mogul.
What was Project Mogul?
The classified Project Mogul was designed to detect sound waves in the upper atmosphere from Soviet atom bomb tests by flying microphones on trains of balloons at high altitude. Although the technology was quickly superseded, it remained secret for more than 20 years after the event. The fact that the balloon was involved in Cold War surveillance of the Soviet Union may have helped to propel rumours of a cover-up.
How did it become a cause celebre?
For 31 years the story was largely forgotten until The National Enquirer reported the original Roswell Daily Record story again, but not the correction. Following the publication of the new story, theories suggesting that the government's incomplete account had been an attempt to cover the discovery of an alien spacecraft began to take root.
What did other witnesses say?
Several people claimed to have seen debris scattered over a wide area and at least one person reported seeing a blazing aircraft in the sky shortly before it crashed, but the key account came from a former mortician, Glenn Dennis, who claimed in 1989 that a friend who worked as a nurse at the Roswell Army Air Field had accidentally walked into an examination room where doctors were bent over the bodies of three creatures. They apparently resembled humans, but with small bodies, spindly arms and giant bald heads.
In 1995, Ray Santilli, a London-based entrepreneur, released "footage" of an alien autopsy performed in Roswell in 1947. Experts immediately ridiculed the footage as a hoax and he admitted years later that it was almost entirely fake. Nevertheless, Santilli insisted real footage existed, but due to its poor condition he had been forced to recreate it.
Critics have questioned the validity of various witnesses and pointed out that many claims over the years have come from "friends of friends" who supposedly saw something out of the ordinary.
Stranger than fiction?
Coincidentally, the republication of the story came just one year after the release of Close Encounters of the Third Kind, a film about a government conspiracy covering up alien visits to Earth. The film was released in the USA in November and the following year in the UK. That year 750 sightings were officially documented in the UK by the Ministry of Defence UFO desk, the highest figure on record.
Did UFO sightings continue to increase
Looking at UFO sightings data from both sides of the Atlantic, a direct correlation between popular films involving aliens and real world UFO sightings becomes evident. In 2009, The Guardian detailed the popular culture influences that may have helped propel UFO sightings in the UK in 1996. In the year that Independence Day and Mars Attacks were released there were 609 UFO sightings across the UK, significantly more than the years just before or after.
If Advanced Alien Species have Language: "Would It be Similar to Humans? That's the Big Question"
If Advanced Alien Species have Language: "Would It be Similar to Humans? That's the Big Question"
Posted by Tu Vu on tháng
World-renowned linguist Noam "Chomsky has often said that if a Martian visited Earth, it would think we all speak dialects of the same language, because all terrestrial languages share a common underlying structure," Messaging Extraterrestrial Intelligence (METI) head Doug Vakoch. "But if aliens have language, would it be similar to ours? That's the big question."
It is extremely unlikely that an alien species would happen to have the same parameters as human beings. In the words of Chomsky, the leading proponent of this view: "If an alien landed from outer space and spoke a language that violated universal grammar, we simply would not be able to learn that language the way that we learn a human language like English or Swahili … We’re designed by nature for English, Chinese, and every other possible human language. But we’re not designed to learn perfectly usable languages that violate universal grammar."
Many scientists believe that alien civilisations exist. For them, the question is now whether we will encounter them in the near future or a very long time from now, rather than if at all. So let’s imagine that we suddenly stand face-to-face with members of an alien species. What would we do first? Surely communicating that we come in peace would be a priority. But would we ever be able to understand each other?
The one thing we can be confident about exchanging with aliens is scientific information. If the laws of the universe are the same everywhere, then different descriptions of these laws should, in principle, be equivalent. This is the rationale behind initiatives like The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) and Messaging Extraterrestrial Intelligence (METI).
Matters are more complicated when it comes to language, which is the single most important factor in human cooperation. It is by communicating our intentions that we are able to work together in surprisingly large groups. For this reason, it is plausible that any technologically versatile alien civilisation would have something like language.
Can we expect to learn such an alien language? The first hurdle would be its medium. Humans communicate in a 85-255Hz frequency range of sound and in the 430-770 THz frequency range of light. This is unlikely to be true of aliens, who will have evolved differently. Nevertheless, the problem is largely a technical one. Speeded up whale songs that are otherwise inaudible to humans, for instance, show that it is relatively easy to map “alien” stimuli into forms that humans can perceive.
The more difficult question is whether we would ever be able to learn the internal structure of an alien language. Existing perspectives in the psychology of language give two very different answers.
The generativist approach, which holds that the structure of language is hardwired into the brain, suggests this wouldn’t be possible. It argues that humans come with an inbuilt universal grammar that has a specific number of settings – each corresponding to the acceptable order in which words and parts of words can be arranged in a given language system. The language we hear in early life activates one of these settings, which then allows us to distinguish between valid and invalid ways of combining words.
The key point is that the number of grammars is very limited. Though the rules of human languages can and do vary, proponents of the generativist model argue they can only do so within strict parameters. For example, the “head directionality” parameter determines whether the verbs in a language precede or follow their complements, with English being head-initial (“Bob gave a cake to Alice”) and Japanese being head-final (“Bob to Alice a cake gave”).
The cognitive view, on the other hand, sees semantics (structures of meaning) as being more important than syntax (structures of grammar). According to this view, sentences like “quadruplicity drinks procrastination” are syntactically well-formed but semantically meaningless. For this reason, proponents of the cognitive view argue that grammar alone is not enough to understand language. Instead, it needs to be partnered with knowledge of the concepts that structure how language users think.
We can also look at our own world to see how organisms can have striking similarities, even if they have developed in very different ways and in contrasting environments. This is known as “convergent evolution”. In physical terms, for example, wings and eyes have independently emerged among animals through evolution at several different times over, and birds in ecologically isolated New Zealand have evolved behaviours typically seen in mammals elsewhere. The cognitive view offers hope that human and alien languages might be mutually intelligible.
Some argue that even the most advanced human concepts are built up from basic building blocks that are shared across species, such as notions of past and future; similarity and difference; and agent and object. If an alien species manipulates objects, interacts with its peers and combines concepts, the cognitive approach therefore predicts there might be enough mental architecture in common to make its language accessible to humans. It is implausible, for instance, that an alien species that reproduced biologically would lack concepts for distinguishing between genetically related and unrelated groups.
But is the cognitive view correct? Research on neural networks shows that languages could be learned without specialised structures in the brain. This is important because it means there may be no need to postulate an innate universal grammar to explain language acquisition. Also, it seems there may be human languages that don’t fit in the universal grammar framework. Though these results are far from conclusive (for instance, they can’t explain why humans alone seem to have language), the evidence leans towards the cognitive account.
So, it might be reasonable to assume that humans could learn alien languages. Clearly, there would probably always be aspects of an alien language (like our poetry) that are inaccessible. Equally, some species may occupy such a different mental universe that it is only broadly equivalent to that of humans. Nevertheless, I think we can be cautiously optimistic that universal structures in the physical, biological and social worlds would be enough to anchor human and alien languages in a common semantic framework.
The image at the top of the page is from Arrival, the latest science fiction film to explore what first contact with alien life might be like. Set in the near future, the film brings this scenario to Earth when an unexplained series of extraterrestrial landings causes nations across the globe to attempt communication with the lifeforms within. Called in to help work out what the purpose of their visit might be, linguistics professor Dr. Louise Banks finds herself teamed up with scientist Ian Donnelly, and although the pair are initially at odds regarding how to make the best of this unprecedented situation, the two eventually come to rely on one another to form their approach. With thanks to Paramount Pictures
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'Lonely' Neutron Star Looks Fabulous in This New Close-Up
'Lonely' Neutron Star Looks Fabulous in This New Close-Up
By Doris Elin Salazar, Space.com Contributor
A rare discovery twinkles in the debris of an ancient supernova: the first isolated neutron star ever found outside the Milky Way. And researchers just got their best look yet.
The Small Magellanic Cloud looks like a smudge over the southern sky, but it's actually a nearby galaxy brimming with millions of stars 200,000 light-years away. More than three decades ago, scientists discovered a supernovadebris field inside the Small Magellanic Cloud. But new imagery combines observations from several telescopic instruments that showcase these dust and gas formations like never before. And more information about a rare neutron star has emerged as a result.
One thing that makes this neutron star so special is that it's the first one astronomers have found outside the Milky Way. Designated 1E 0102.2-7219 (E0102 for short), the neutron star was extra hard to find because it is faint and "lonely," according to a recent statement from the Chandra X-Ray Observatory. [Diary of a Supernova: How (Some) Stars Blow Up]
The new composite image of neutron star E0102, released on May 23, combines data from NASA's Chandra X-Ray Observatory (seen in blue and purple), the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer instrument on the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope in Chile (in bright red) and the Hubble Space Telescope (in dark red and green).
Credit: X-ray (NASA/CXC/ESO/F.Vogt et al); Optical (ESO/VLT/MUSE & NASA/STScI)
When stars larger than 1.4 times the mass of the sun are at the end of their lives, they explode. In the resulting collapse, the star can condense into a high-mass stellar core and form a neutron star.
Scientists initially spotted E0102 by looking at supernova clouds shaped like a bull's-eye.
Back on March 2, Frédéric Vogt, a European Southern Observatory (ESO) fellow, published a paper about his research team's work to locate "p1," a source of X-rays coming from the general direction of this supernova debris field. They used imagery from the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) instrument on ESO's Very Large Telescope in Chile to find the source of the X-rays, which they suspected was, in fact, a neutron star. Then, the team found a slowly expanding ring of gas inside the clouds of the supernova leftovers. This gave Vogt and his team the neutron star's location: at the center of the expanding ring.
Since then, Vogt's team has published more findings about the neutron star. According to the Chandra statement released on May 23, the new composite image of E0102 combines data from Chandra (seen in blue and purple), MUSE ( in bright red) and the Hubble Space Telescope (in dark red and green). The data suggest that the neutron star is indeed alone without a companion star, and that it formed about 2,000 years ago.
E0102 is the only solitary neutron star with a low magnetic field to be spotted outside the Milky Way, according to Chandra officials. And E0102 turns out to be an extra-special star because it's rich in oxygen. Massive stars fuse lighter elements into heavier ones before they explode, and the oxygen remnants seen flying through space at millions of miles an hour can help scientists better understand the fusion process during a massive star's last moments.
NASA To Build Stasis Chamber For Journeys To Mars And Beyond
NASA To Build Stasis Chamber For Journeys To Mars And Beyond
Human beings traveling outside the immediate region around the Earth may be a far-off dream at the moment but scientists are already hard at work laying the foundations to transform this dream into a reality. One of the most exciting developments at this current time involves the design of a sleep chamber which will be able to accommodate an astronaut for up to two weeks at a time.
Out of fiction into science
The sleeping chamber, or stasis chamber, is currently being developed by a private company called SpaceWorks Enterprises in conjunction with NASA. Spokespeople from SpaceWorks have explained that astronauts will be able to use these stasis chambers for two weeks at a time and then be awake for a couple of days to allow them to walk around and stretch out. This process could be repeated continually throughout the entire time that it would take to reach a planet such a Mars, which would take just over three hundred days.
The presentation containing this proposal and summary of preliminary research, care of NASA and SpaceWorks: www.nasa.gov/...
The astronauts on the mission would share a large sleeping chamber. Before they are put into stasis, their body temperatures would be lowered to around 32 degrees Celsius. Then the group would be sedated in order to suppress the bodies natural reaction to the cold. In this way, the body would experience a kind of mild hypothermia which would induce unconsciousness, slow down the metabolic rate and prevent the bodies incurring any damage from a lack of oxygen. The researchers also plan to equip the stasis chamber with some kind of artificial gravity in order to protect the astronauts from the potential dangers associated with long-term space travel.
This kind of development is considered to be essential to the development of far-reaching space travel. Not only would having a portion of the astronauts in stasis for the journey reduce the amount of food and water required for this kind of mission but they would also mean that the space crafts used could be smaller which means that they would be less at risk from the harmful effects caused by radiation.
Advancing Torpor Inducing Transfer Habitats for Human Stasis to Mars
SpaceWorks proposes the development of an advanced habitat system for transporting crews between the Earth and Mars. This new and innovative habitat design is capable of cycling the crew through inactive, non-cryonic torpor sleep states for the duration of the inspace mission segments. Under this effort, SpaceWorks will (i) Expand the Phase I medical team to address key challenges identified in the initial effort, (ii) Examine key habitat engineering aspects to further explore and refine design and identify further potential performance gains, (iii) initiate validation studies with leading medical researchers to understand the effects of prolonged hypothermia, and (iv) Consider the technology’s impact on alternate exploration missions (Mars moons, asteroid belt, Jovian and Saturn system, etc.).
MAN BUILDS REPLICA OF THE GREAT PYRAMID AND TAPS INTO ‘MYSTICAL ENERGY’
MAN BUILDS REPLICA OF THE GREAT PYRAMID AND TAPS INTO ‘MYSTICAL ENERGY’
For centuries have scholars maintained that Pyramids were built to serve as tombs for mighty rulers to rest.
For thousands of years have ancient civilizations around the globe built majestic structures reaching for the sky.
The most famous pyramids ever built were erected in ancient Egypt.
The Great Pyramid of Giza is one of the most amazing pyramids ever constructed on Earth. However, despite what many may believe, this pyramid isn’t the largest one.
The entire property mimics ancient Egypt.
Half-way around the world, in Mexico to be more precise, ancient cultures built equally stunning monuments.
The Great Pyramid of Cholula is considered the largest pyramid on the surface of the planet in terms of volume.
But no matter where you look, you’ll find pyramids that were erected in the distant past, as if thousands of years ago, ancient builders used the same blueprint to construct these massive structures.
And since pyramids have become an equivalent for mystery, many people have tried understanding why were pyramids so important to our ancestors.
There are more than 1000 pyramids in Central America alone? There are 300 Pyramids in China and over 200 Pyramids in Sudan.
Countless Pyramids exist around the globe.
Egypt boasts only around 120 Pyramids.
To try to get to the bottom of the Pyramid ‘mystery’, a Ukrainian scientist decided to study these majestic structured and see whether there is a chance that pyramids were contextured for a far greater purpose than what we have been led to believe.
Dr. Volodymyr Krashnoholovets, a physicist from Ukraine, who has curiously spent over a decade building and researching pyramids, has been fascinated by these ancient structures for a long time.
He discovered incredible details about pyramids.
Endorsed by the Russian government, he created a 144-foot-tall pyramid outside of Moscow. He is a man who believes to have finally cracked the mystery behind pyramids and why they were built, and according to him, this is a summary of his discoveries on the effects of Pyramids:
The immune system of organisms improved (blood leukocyte composition increased).
Improved regeneration of tissue.
Seeds stored in the pyramid for 1-5 days showed a 30-100% increase in yield.
Soon after construction of the Lake Seliger pyramid a marked improvement of the ozone was noted above the area.
Seismic activity near the pyramid research areas is reduced in severity and size.
Violent weather also appears to decrease in the vicinity of the pyramids.
Pyramids constructed in Southern Russia (Bashkiria) appeared to have a positive effect on oil production with oil becoming less viscous by 30% and the yield of the oil wells increased according to tests carried out by the Moscow Academy of Oil and Gas.
A study was done on 5000 prisoners who ingested salt and pepper that had been exposed to the pyramid energy field. The test subjects exhibited a greatly reduced violence rate and overall behavior was much improved.
Standard tissue culture tests showed an increase in survival of cellular tissue after infection by viruses and bacteria.
Radioactive substances show a decreased level of radiation inside the pyramid.
There are reports of spontaneous charging of capacitors.
Physicists observed significant changes in superconductivity temperature thresholds and the properties of semiconducting and carbon nanomaterials.
Water inside the pyramid will remain liquid to minus 40 degrees Celsius but freeze instantly if jostled or bumped in any way.
Building a replica
This is the replica of the Great Pyramid of Giza.
In the 1970’s, a man called Jim Onan discovered a study by the University of Wisconsin that supposedly claimed the ancient Egyptians used the pyramids as energy-producing machines.
Onan decided to perform a series of experiments, trying to recreate the energetic properties of the pyramid.
He eventually built a few smaller pyramids and placed them around his house. According to reports, his friends and family soon began noticing a number of strange phenomena when located near the Pyramids. It is claimed that the smaller pyramids built by Onan produced a sort of energy vortex coming from their summit.
Eventually, Onan and his friends decided to build an even larger pyramid. He constructed a 13-foot tall structure and invited a botanist to plant plants inside the pyramid.
According to claims, plants grew 3 times faster inside the pyramid then what they would grow normally. Onan is said to have built an exact replica of the pyramid of Egypt at 1/9th of their size, of course.
Reports suggest that a man named ‘Ralph’ who worked maintenance at the Onan’s property drank spring water every day while working on the Pyramid. Ralph allegedly had high blood pressure.
Eventually, he noticed that his blood pressure was lower. Finally, word got out and people started coming to the Onan’s mysterious Pyramid to drink the ‘miracle’ water. Many people claimed to feel better or to have certain ailments cured. This could all be the placebo effect (mind over matter), or there could be some validity as we now know that water is living and charging water and for it to be alive has more health value, notes Enlightened Consciousness.
The residence built by Onnan is truly remarkable.
It features a 50-foot statue of King Tutankhamun, as well as a massive metal palm tree.
The gold pyramid home has become an American landmark.
DOCUMENTARY ABOUT BOB LAZAR, THE AREA 51 WHISTLEBLOWER, TO PREMIERE ON TV
DOCUMENTARY ABOUT BOB LAZAR, THE AREA 51 WHISTLEBLOWER, TO PREMIERE ON TV
Bob Lazar is best known as the man who, in the late 1980s, revealed the secrets about the infamous top-secret government facility Area 51.
He claimed to have been a scientist hired by the government for the complex task of reverse engineering alien technology that the government recovered from UFO crash sites.
Bob Lazar says he was initially introduced to work in a military facility called S-4 (Sector Four) by Edward Teller.
Their tasks consisted of scientific research on the propulsion system of one of the flying saucers recovered by the military, as a general part of the ongoing reverse engineering project by the government.
From Lazar’s first observations in S-4, he thought that the flying saucers were secret man-made planes, whose test flights must have been responsible for many UFO reports.
Gradually, and because of the multiple documents he had carefully read, and because of everything he had been shown in S-4, Lazar came to the conclusion that the dishes were of extraterrestrial origin.
According to Lazar, he participated in a number of meetings in which the government acknowledged the historical participation of extraterrestrial civilizations with planet Earth, spanning back at least 10,000 years back.
Lazar claims the extraterrestrial beings (Grays) come from the binary star system Zeta Reticuli.
During the 1990s, Lazar’s words gained great interest in the media and became an important testimonial argument to hold that the US government is hiding alien technology.
This led Area 51 to acquire a legendary aura that it still retains to this day, as well as its characteristic of being one of the most famous secret facilities on Earth.
Curiously, for decades after Lazar’s claims became a well-known detail, the government denied the existence of Area 51, until finally recognizing its existence some for years ago.
Now, a filmmaker is set to launch a documentary about Bob Lazar, promising to reveal important details not only about area 51 but alien life and UFOs in general.
This sneak peak’s description reads: Area 51, flying saucers from another world – and the program to create a fierce technology. Bob Lazar has lived a wildlife. He remains the singular most famous and controversial name in the world of UFOs. The reason you know about Area 51 is that Lazar came forward and told you about it. His disclosures have turned his life upside-down and he has tried to stay out of the spotlight. For this reason, he has never let any filmmaker into the private world of his daily life – that is – until now. Corbell’s film will explore Lazar’s claims through the lens of thirty years – providing rare and never before revealed footage – guaranteed to alter the landscape of the debate.
Reports of UFO sightings come from all corners of the globe.
I was taken onboard in the Mojave Desert and given I saw two great big, really bright lights hanging up in the air.
Most believe these alien encounters are a modern phenomenon, but the fact is they have been reported for thousands of years.
MICHAEL CREMO: Practically every human civilization have been in touch with extraterrestrial beings.
GIORGIO TSOUKALOS: In India, Israel.
DAVID CHILDRESS: The Mayans and the Aztecs.
LINDA HOWE: The idea that there were one or more non-human groups inspiring us is the truth.
Millions of people around the world believe we have been visited in the past by extraterrestrial beings. But what if it were true? Did ancient aliens really help to shape our history? And if so, where did they come from? And just who were the visitors?
Roswell, New Mexico.
Original images released of the alleged Air Force weather balloon from 1947
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Original images released of the alleged Air Force weather balloon from 1947
This sleepy town in America’s Southwest was once best known for its large military airbase. But that changed in 1947 when a local rancher reported that a spaceship crashed on his property. Several weeks later, the U.S. Army issued a press release confirming the existence of an alien craft. The next day, the military changed its story and announced that what they had found was a weher balloon. These conflicting reports sent shock waves around the world, and the name “Roswell” became a pop culture code word that forever links extraterrestrial visitation with enduring mystery.
NICK POPE: Speculation about why the Roswell crash would be covered up is difficult to pin down. Some people talk about this in terms of information that would be shattering to our worldview.
STEVEN GREER: Almost everyone’s heard about the so-called Roswell event, and one of the real implications of disclosure is that some of our most cherished myths about the origins of the human race and our history and archaeology would fall apart.
GEORGE NOORY: Something happened at Roswell, New Mexico a long time ago. People want the truth. I think there’s something in the human being itself that is striving, that is hungry for this knowledge in order to answer questions about our own existence. Today, public opinion polls indicate more than half the world’s population believes aliens have either come here in the past or are coming here now. But what is it exactly that makes so many people believe?
JONATHAN YOUNG: I do think looking upward makes sense. The universe is large. There are things out there we do not understand. There is probably intelligent life somewhere.
ROBERT BAUVAL: People tend to forget that we’re on a planet that’s four and a half billion years old. The presence of our civilization in that vast scale of time I mean, if I click my finger, it wouldn’t even be fast enough to say this is the time of our civilization. And to think that we’re the only ones in this vast period of time, to me, is absurd.
SARA SEAGER: Our galaxy, the Milky Way, has over 100 billion stars. And in our universe, we think there are more than 100 billion galaxies. So if every star had a planet with intelligent life, how many alien civilizations would we have?
ERICH VON DANIKEN: If you take us as the crown of creation, or the top of evolution, we look at our self as the greatest, the biggest. We say, how incredible, uh, unique we are in the whole universe. We forgot to learn modesty.
JENNIFER HELDMANN: Each step that we take makes us a little bit less special. We used to think that we were the center of the universe, as humans, and then we realized, “Oh, all right, well, that’s not true.” And we’re at the center of the galaxy, and, like, well, all right, so we’re like two thirds of the way out in a spiral arm. And then, well, at least our sun, you know, with this No. The sun is actually in the middle, and the earth goes around it. So earth isn’t even the center of that system, and So, the more that we learn, we sort of, you know It’s a very humbling science.
When man first landed on the moon, our perspective on the universe changed forever.
Houston, uh, the Eagle has landed.
BUZZ ALDRIN: We aliens who happened to go down the ladder on July were certainly part of a magnificent race. I just don’t think people have a grasp for what energy it takes to go from one star to another. This historic event raised the question: if humans can successfully navigate in space and explore other worlds, why couldn’t beings from other parts of the universe have done the same? And might they have already come to Earth hundreds, or perhaps, thousands of years ago?
VON DANIKEN: I think human past is more fantastic than we all believe. I have come to the idea that maybe extraterrestrials were on this planet.
Cahuachi, Peru.
This settlement served as the religious and cultural capital of the Nazca people. But sometime around 500 AD, the Nazca mysteriously disappeared, leaving Cahuachi to fall into disarray. Anthropologist Ales Hrdlicka came to Cahuachi to study the ancient Nazca civilization. During a dig, he unearthed some of the most surprising and shocking artifacts he had ever seen. They were skulls with enormous, elongated craniums. Where did they come from? How did they get there? And were they human?
CHILDRESS: In Peru, we find these weird, elongated skulls. And they’re bizarre-looking. I mean, and-and these people look like aliens.
ROBERT SCHOCH: One may say, okay, aliens.
But another aspect that we have to consider is that skull and cranial deformation, forming elongated heads is a practice that’s known throughout much of the ancient world. In 1870, the process of skull deformation was well chronicled by a German botanist and explorer named Georg Schweinfurth. While exploring the African Congo, he came in contact with a tribe called the Mangbetu. They routinely performed a ritual of cranial binding that allowed them to physically alter the shape of human skulls.
CHILDRESS: They took infants’ skulls and compressed them and bound them. And they forced the cranium out and elongate it. And in many cases, they doubled the size.
SCHOCH: And a big question is why was this being done? It may have been a way to distinguish the elite, perhaps, from the everyday people. May have been a social stratification type of issue. Something that also appeals to me is, that may have been a way to express physically and maybe try to achieve physically greater levels of consciousness or higher levels of mental ability.
TSOUKALOS: In my opinion, they did this in order to mimic the gods. And those gods were physical beings because if they were just a figment of our ancestors’ imagination, I don’t think that’s a cpelling enough reason to expose your children to such a ritual to achieve that type of look. And in my opinion, these people were misinterpreted flesh-and-blood space travelers.
SCHOCH: Some people have suggested aliens had elongated skulls, and apparently, ancient peoples are mimicking those skulls. The old saying is that imitation is the sincerest form of flattery. Although there have been many images that attempt to depict what aliens might actually look like, one in particular has come to dominate the public perception. It, too, features an elongated cranium, and is associated with an extraterrestrial race that many refer to as the grays.
POPE: In terms of entities, one very common description are the so-called grays– three and a half, four feet tall, essentially humanoid, but, uh, very spindly with disproportionately large heads and huge black almond-shaped eyes. But would someone in a primitive society really want to replicate this look and deform their skull? Some archeologists have a different perspective. They point to artistic self- expression as an explanation of these customs.
ROBERT R. CARGILL: There are all kinds of people that either worship the body or use the body as art, be it a tattoo or a piercing of some sort, or tribes that, that put things in their ears or on their lips to try to, to try to grow parts of their body.
Some societies, we know, practiced binding parts of the body, feet, or heads and try to make certain shapes, and this was done for whatever reason. We know today that this isn’t usually the most healthy thing to do, but it doesn’t mean people don’t do it. People are always trying to change their body to make it look a certain way. Whatever the explanation may be for these rituals, they are not just found in Peru and the African Congo.
Skull deformation is a global phenomenon.
CHILDRESS: What’s really strange is that this is found all over the world, and this is something that archaeologists cannot easily explain because, for people on remote islands, for people in South America or Malta or in Africa to suddenly, independently do this cranial deformation like this seems incredible. I mean, this is something that had to be learned, something that was taught to them.
SCHOCH: We seem to have basic similarities, as if there was one civilization or at least one type of culture that was influencing people around the world. I find it more and more difficult to believe what I was taught as an undergraduate– that all these different cultures just coincidentally came up with the same concepts independently of each other.
Is it possible that individual societies around the world were influenced by similar events? And were they imitating real beings who visited from other planets? Some of the most compelling images of an elongated cranium can be traced to ancient Egypt and the depictions of one of its most controversial pharaohs. Could it be that he too was mimicking the look of extraterrestrials? Or is there an even more outrageous explanation? Could he have been one of them?
Egypt.
Long before the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids or even settled along the Nile River, they spoke of an era called Tep Zepi, or the beginning of time. According to legends, Tep Zepi was when “sky-gods” descended from the stars to Earth on flying “boats,” and then turned mud and water into a new kingdom.
BAUVAL: The word “god,” according to the ancient Egyptian, is “netyro.” It means a being that came from the cosmos. They are very adamant about the fact that their gods had descended from the stars. They tell us that the god Osiris, who ruled with his consort and sister– the goddess Isis they were star gods, and in fact they identify them very clearly. Osiris was identified as the constellation of Orion.
Isis was identified as the god to the star Sirius, the brightest star in the sky. There’s an interesting point about this– is that within the constellation of Orion is the so-called nursery of stars. The stars in our galaxy literally were born in that zone, and it’s really peculiar that the ancient Egyptians insist that the birth of star gods are in this constellation. They truly believed– they were very adamant about this– that their origins is in the sky.
SCHOCH: Something that we see around the world with ancient civilizations is that they had incredible knowledge of the stars, of the planets, of the heavenly motions. The average person in the ancient world had way more knowledge of what’s going on in the skies than a lot of well-educated people today.
As ancient Egypt grew into a great civilization, its citizens believed their pharaohs were sons of Osiris and thus, living gods. Artwork and wall carvings depicted them as perfect humans, and while the people worshipped many different gods, the pharaoh stood above them all.
This basic Egyptian religious belief remained in force for nearly a thousand years until one pharaoh changed everything. Who was this heretic? His name was Akhenaten, and in every surviving depiction, he is shown with an elongated skull. Who was he? According to Egyptian mythology, he too was descended from the gods who arrived on Earth at the time of Tep Zepi.
But why do so many still believe he actually came from the stars? In 1352 BC, Akhenaten ascended to the throne as the tenth pharaoh of the 18th dynasty. Almost immediately, he instituted a series of radical religious changes, including a ban on references to multiple gods.
BAUVAL: It’s a rather strange thing that he would want to do that in one sweep, but he ordered all the, the iconography of previous gods to be removed. He only allowed one emblem, which was a sun emblem, literally a sun disk with curious arms or rays pointing down.
TSOUKALOS: Why did he do this? Because according to his writings and his poems that were written about him later on, he was visited by one of those beings that descended from the sky, who told Akhenaten, “This is the way. I am your god.” This sun god was known as Aten. Akhenaten claimed to be a direct descendent of Aten.
BAUVAL: Akhenaten, like any other pharaoh, regarded himself to be divine. He was a god. Not only himself believed himself to be a god, but the whole nation saw him as a god. Now, the definition of a god is that he was a descendant from these celestial beings. During his fourth year as pharaoh, Akhenaten ordered the construction of a new capital city. He called it Amarna and dedicated it to the sun. Akhenaten would spend the next ten years here, during which time he instituted changes in both art and culture, including how he himself would be publicly depicted.
CARGILL: In Egyptian iconography, Egyptian pharaohs are depicted as these triangular-shaped beings– these broad, strong shoulders and these very skinny waists.
Now, we look at leaders today and we know that most leaders don’t have broad shoulders and skinny waists, but it was important to depict the Egyptian kings as having broad shoulders and skinny waists– very, you know– the epitome of what a king ought to look like.
BAUVAL: That’s exactly the opposite with Akhenaten. He shows himself perhaps as he really is a rather strange look. He has a very mystical look.
SCHOCH: If we take Akhenaten’s statues, for instance, literally, he was a very strange-looking character. Sort of combined, some people would say, feminine aspects with masculine aspects, may have had an elongated skull.
CARGILL: The change in the royal iconography of Akhenaten showed him as he probably really was, with a misshapen head, with a potbelly, with a sunken chest, as opposed to the idealized iconography of traditional Egyptian artists that showed this big, strong pharaoh. Akhenaten’s wife Queen Nefertiti and their children were also depicted as having elongated skulls.
So why were Akhenaten’s and Nefertiti’s heads deformed? Did they suffer from a genetic abnormality or did they deliberately alter their shape? Some believe there could be yet another explanation behind their strange, otherworldly appearance.
CHILDRESS: They look like they’re different than other human beings.
TSOUKALOS: Is it possible that Akhenaten might have been an extraterrestrial hybrid?
CARGILL: Ancient alien enthusiasts look at Pharaoh Akhenaten of Egypt and say, “Ah, look at that long head. That looks like an alien gray. That looks like some kind of something that’s nonhuman, some hybrid between something else and something human. Must be evidence of alien interference, alien reproduction with humans. Something like that.”
BETTY ANN BROWN: I’ve been to Egypt, and one of the most stunning things about seeing the archeological remains of ancient Egypt is that one unique pharaoh, Akhenaten.
TSOUKALOS: I mean, he’s got a very narrow, pointy face, high cheekbones, and a very elongated cranium.
CHILDRESS: The idea that they were either looking like extraterrestrials, or perhaps had extraterrestrial DNA in them is a credible idea. Akhenaten ruled for 17 years. After his reign, Amarna was abandoned, and temples to the sun were destroyed. Images of Akhenaten were deliberately defaced. Ancient Egypt swiftly returned to its old ways, worshipping many gods. Was this a rejection of Akhenaten’s radical religious belief system, or a cover-up of his alien identity?
BAUVAL: There’s been a lot of theories about why. Um, if I mean, the most extreme is that he somehow had some sort of extraterrestrial connection. If one accepts that conclusion, then it would explain why he was literally put off the reign and, some say, put to death.
Some Egyptologists believe Akhenaten was forced to abdicate and flee from Egypt with a group of his loyal followers.
In 1907, the actual body of Akhenaten was discovered in Egypt’s Valley of the Kings by a British archeologist named Edward Ayrton. After unearthing Akhenaten’s mummified remains, he was able to confirm that, indeed, the ancient pharaoh’s skull was misshapen and elongated.
CARGILL: Some scholars argue that he suffered from some kind of physical abnormality; he suffered from a disorder that caused his face to appear to be long, or his head actually was longer. I think with Akhenaten we’re dealing with a physical deformation that wasn’t They just depicted him as he was: potbelly, sunken chest, long head.
Akhenaten was succeeded by his son, Tutankhamen, who became the most renowned pharaoh of all time. When his tomb was discovered in 1922 by Howard Carter, Tutankhamen was also found to have an elongated skull. Could he have inherited alien genes from his father? Today, much of Akhenaten’s life still remains a mystery. Did he really change Egypt’s entire belief system because, as some suggest, he was a celestial being? If that’s true, might there be evidence of similar entities coming to Earth? Perhaps more clues can be found thousands of miles away on the other side of the African continent.
Mali, northwest Africa.
Deep in a remote valley live the Dogon people, who are the descendants of a nomadic tribe that settled here around 1000 AD. Just like Akhenaten’s followers, the Dogon had been forced to leave Egypt because of religious persecution.
SCHOCH: The Dogon claim a very long and ancient tradition, and in my opinion maintain some of the ancient Egyptian traditions and myths that have been carried on right into the present age. Parts of ancient Egypt may not have died. They were carried on, to this day, among the Dogon. But what exactly are their beliefs?
Dogon mythology holds that the sky god Amma created the first living creature known as Nommo. The legend also says that shortly after his creation, Nommo multiplied into several parts, one of which rebelled against Amma. Amma responded by destroying him and scattering his ashes throughout the world.
PETER FIEBAG (translated): According to the Dogons’ myths, a god gave them this knowledge. He descended from the sky in an arc, surfing on fire, landing in a storm.
TSOUKALOS: Still today, the Dogon celebrates a festival in the honor of Nommo and that visitation that occurred in the remote past. How do we know this? For this festival, they have wooden masks that date back to a very long time ago, when this festival began.
FIEBAG (translated): Dogon masks tell the mystic stories of their ancestors. This is a sculpture of the creator. They call him Amma. He is embracing the universe. This is how they pass on information from generation to generation, by stories carved in masks. But could Nommo have been a real person?
Some see eerie similarities between the Dogons’ legend and the story of the mysterious Pharaoh Akhenaten. Akhenaten believed he was directly descended from the sun god Aten. Nommo was said to have been created by the sky deity, Amma. Is it a coincidence that both cultures, although thousands of miles apart, shared mythical tales of beings coming from the skies? And both Nommo and Akhenaten were depicted with elongated heads.
Is it possible that these legends were based on real events?
FIEBAG (translated): The Dogons dwell in the central plateau region of Bandiagara. Their knowledge is centuries old, and their priests have been sharing it with chosen individuals only.
In the 1920s, French anthropologist Grialue and ethnologist Dieterle visited the tribe and were invited to share their secrets. But one secret stood out: the Dogon claimed that their god Amma came from a specific star in the Sirius constellation, the same place where the ancient Egyptians believed their god Osiris was born. This star, which modern astronomers refer to as Sirius B, the Dogon called Po Tolo. But what baffles experts is that the star is so far from Earth, it’s impossible to see with the naked eye.
BAUVAL: I was very intrigued by this, by the way. I mean, the Dogons should not have known about the existence of this star. Sirius is the second nearest star from our solar system. It’s eight light-years away. In fact, it’s not even visible with standard telescopes.
TSOUKALOS: Modern science has corroborated that Sirius B does indeed exist. Problem is, the Dogon knew about this before modern science corroborated it. I mean, that’s spooky.
Measurements taken with the Hubble telescope in B is what’s known as a white dwarf– or a partially rnt-out star with extremely dense mass. Although it is smaller in size than Earth, it’s estimated to weigh eight times as much as our sun.
But how did the Dogon acquire this ancient knowledge of astronomy that seems to be centuries more advanced than that of modern science?
SEAGER: The mystery is, how did this story get passed on down generations if the story came from a time before astronomers knew there was a companion star to Sirius which can’t be seen with the human eye?
FIEBAG (translated): This is the Dogon symbol for Sirius. When you move it around, you can see an orbit around the center marked by Sirius A. Sirius B circles around it, so it is a circular system. This sign is practically an astronomic model that the Dogons could not have invented because only Sirius A is visible, and Sirius B and C are invisible. However, their description of the orbit is correct.
One assumption is that this god, Nommo, who brought them this knowledge, could have been an extraterrestrial intelligence. Since the early 20th century, the tribe has been routinely studied and researched by anthropologists. This has led many modern historians to claim that the Dogon must have learned about astronomy from Westerners.
CARGILL: The Dogon’s mythology is so fluid that when science confirms something that they might have believed in antiquity, it might have just been sheer coincidence, or it could have been a conflation. That is, they heard Because it’s an oral culture, and because the mythology is so fluid, they heard something that someone said about this star in relation to another star, and they just grafted that in to their mythology.
They grafted that into their religion. And then when some reporter, some subsequent reporter comes along and says, “What do you believe? ,” they say, “Well, we’ve thought this for millions of years.”
TSOUKALOS: When critics suggest that this knowledge was given to them by modern ethnologists, that’s simply incorrect because we know that the story goes back hundreds of years earlier than any modern ethnologist ever went there.
FIEBAG (translated): If it were ever proven that all this information is exactly correct, including the parts that are still being studied by astronomers, this would mean that the earth had visitors from outer space in prehistoric times.
BAUVAL: Either they inherited that knowledge, and the question is, from where? From a previous civilization, or from some sort of extraterrestrial civilization? Or it’s a coincidence. In my view, it is not a coincidence.
If the Dogon people really possessed this advanced astronomical knowledge, were their legends based on real events? The ancient Egyptians and Dogon were far from alone in their belief in gods or mystical beings that came from the sky.
Is there an explanation for similar myths shared by ancient cultures all around the world? And what does that reveal as to who these visitors may be?
Perhaps the answer can be found, not in northern Africa, but here in the rocks and canyons of the American Southwest Mexico lies the pueblo of Zuni.
Sheltered from the desolate high plains, this adobe city is home to the Zuni Indians, one of the oldest indigenous tribes in North America. They have inhabited this land for almost 2,000 years, and have protected their secrets even longer.
CHRIS O’BRIEN: The Zuni are a very interesting culture in that they’re one of theew cultures that really have not opened up, uh, to the rest of the world about their star knowledge traditions. Most of this type of information is very closely held by the natives.
And, um, I really find it very intriguing that this is the time period in history where now we’re starting to learn more and more about their star knowledge. Much of the Zuni people’s history is etched in the rocks in the New Mexico desert. Tribal Elder Clifford Mahooty and archeologist Dan Simplicio have studied the Zuni’s secret history firsthand.
They’ve collected stories passed down through generations that are rooted in the belief that the tribe’s creators and protectors are supernatural beings from the sky.
DAN SIMPLICIO: This one’s kind of interesting here. I would imagine it was created in last century, but from this design, you can see the star figure. Celestial images oftentimes are depicted in a lot of our cultural petroglyphs.
And this is one of ’em where it depicts the star. It could be the supernova of the crab nebula.
CLIFFORD MAHOOTY: Our Zuni mythology in the prayer system, in the ritualistic protocols, talk about these people that came over here, and told us how to actually live our lives as beings, sky people. If you listen to a lot of religious chants and songs and prayers, that’s all they talk about. They’re talking about space. They’re talking about out there in the universe where they came from. So they depict it on a rock wall here. But the actual meaning of it is somewhere more profound and more complex than that.
These drawings are thought to have been created around 1200 BC, yet they appear to depict modern space travelers and their vehicles.
SIMPLICIO: If you move back a little bit, you can see another figure here. It has a de. It has eyes. Uh, there’s something coming down
MAHOOTY: And a nose. SIMPLICIO: Like a nose.
There’s a nose, but it kind of flares out MAHOOTY: I think it was something to do with the ancient ones, when they saw something. They took as much description of it to put in on there. Of course, it’s not going to be exactly what they saw, but that’s as best as they can do for something that they saw.
CHILDRESS: With all petroglyphs and things like that, I mean, they’re up to interpretation.
Sometimes they are just doodlings of people.
But other times, they may well be actual descriptions and depictions of some kind of god from outer space, some ancient astronaut. And when you go around, say like the Zuni pueblo, I mean, that’s what they’ll tell you those petroglyphs.
Even the Zunis themselves call them the spacemen.
SIMPLICIO: This one seems to have two legs coming out like that. It has a, you know, broad diamond shape body. Um, there probably was a better head that chipped off here. Well, that’s very different-looking than humans are.
MAHOOTY: Now usually they’re called UFOs. But in the Zuni way, we’ve always been taught that they’re the keepers of the upper world, which means space. You know, they’re sky people. Beings that are of the extraterrestrial origin, and this is still within our mythology and our religious practices today.
Like most Indian tribes, the Zunis call these sky people kachinas. According to the Zunis’ creation story, the kachina gods came down from the heavens to lead the Zunis to earth through a special portal.
MAHOOTY: The sipapu– that’s the entrance to the fourth world, or the underworld. And that’s a representation of where the kachinas come and go. And so, according to the mythologies, the Zunis were brought forth into the world of light– which is where we are at today– by what I would interpret as extraterrestrial beings from the universe.
Every year, the Zunis participate in a ceremony known as the Shalako festival. Dressed in traditional costumes to represent the kachinas, the Indians celebrate the arrival of the gods on earth.
CHILDRESS: This is a figurine of kachina gods. And these guys are some gods from the sky who came down. Uh, they wear weird helmets.
TSOUKALOS: This one has a helmet as a head, and if you look at the whole body of it, it’s as if it wears some type of a of a suit. This one here also has the helmet and the visor.
CHILDRESS: For the Pueblo Indians, like the Zunis, these are their-their sky-gods that every year, they have special ceremonies. People put on these special costumes and masks to reenact the coming of the gods. They really look like ancient astronauts.
BILL BIRNES: If you look at the poetry and the legends and the stories from American Indian tribes in the Southwest, they have the legend of the star people. The star people came to Earth and seeded planet Earth, and they came on flying ships. If you speak to the elders, they will tell you that a lot of us believe in the existence of extraterrestrials.
STEVEN M. KARR: These are timeless traditions that have been passed on through the centuries from clan to clan, from family to family, from family member to family member. And it is an oral tradition. Native peoples did not have the written word. They had the spoken word. And culturally, the spoken word is still a significant component of their daily lives, and the ability to pass down the truth.
SIMPLICIO: I remember my grandparents talking about a craft that flew and had actually crash-landed on one of the mesas east of here. There’s no interpretation of what an aircraft is, so the closest thing that they could interpret as anything capable of flight is a bird, or our masked kachina dancers.
MAHOOTY: We are very, very superstitious people. It’s always been in the history of Zuni that they have always been here even right here where we’re sitting right now, but you just don’t see them. They’re in a different frequency. And those are very, very sacred, and those are very, very secret. They’re out there somewhere.
For those who believe that ancient astronauts came to earth thousands of years ago, the prehistoric artwork provides more clues in what they claim is a growing body of evidence: from wall carvings and statues in ancient Egypt to tribal traditions and exotic masks in West Africa to petroglyphs in the American Southwest.
All thousands of years old, they seem to recount similar stories of visitors from the skies. Could the legends of alien beings visiting earth thousands of years ago have inspired more traditional beliefs? Celestial beings coming down to Earth. Gods descending from the sky.
Can these events only be found in the ancient legends of the Zuni?
Do similar accounts exist in other cultures and other religions across the world?
And if so, what is the explanation?
TSOUKALOS: We have to remind ourselves that our ancestors were highly intelligent. However, their technological frame of reference was different than our technological frame of reference, so they didn’t have the vocabulary with which to describe or with which to name certain things that they saw.
So what did they do? They used words that they were familiar with in their time, and so they tried to describe whatever they witnessed to the best of their abilities with their vocabulary.
Ancient China also shared some of the same beliefs that can be found in Egyptian, Native American, and Dogon legends– that deities arrived from the stars. According to Chinese mythology dating back to 3000 BC, when the god named Huang Di was born, there was “a radiance from the great star Chi.”
Huang Di would later emerge from the belly of a fire-breathing dragon to become China’s first emperor.
YOUNG: The origins of the Han Chinese people start with a story of a great god looking down with empathy. Here were people in poverty, in a beautiful, rich country, the landscape profound, but the people were suffering. He took pity and decided to come down.
TSOUKALOS: Huang Di arrived on planet Earth in a flying dragon. He had the power of flight. Huang Di could be anywhere within minutes, and he usually accomplished this by hopping on his dragon and flying somewhere.
YOUNG: Now this divine energy becomes human and is a great leader– the Yellow Emperor who rules and unites the people– and there is a period of great prosperity until his work is done. Huang Di brought order to the chaos, creating China’s first empire.
He is seen as a cultural hero and is credited with the invention of the compass, acupuncture, and the standardization of Chinese writing. One of his greatest legacies is the Great Wall of China.
YOUNG: When the land is prosperous, he decides it’s time to go, and the great yellow dragon comes back and he gets back into the belly of the dragon and flies off forever.
TSOUKALOS: Now, were these dragons truly dragons in a biological nature? Or were they misinterpreted as types of machines? Because, as we all know, dragons are always correlated with spewing fire and a lot of smoke. Whenever we see a modern rocket take off, there is all this smoke, and sometimes the smoke is yellow and sometimes it’s red.
So it’s very bizarre how we have these correlations between the ancient times and modern times today.
YOUNG: Mythology is the effort to grasp what we can’t grasp, to understand what is beyond us. In the Eastern teachings, the dragons very often carry people, sometimes on their back or sometimes inside their bellies, so if we think of them as, as a poet’s effort to explain a vehicle that was strange to them, well, those sound like flying saucers. So it might just be a problem with translation because, after all, it’s just a word.
It’s trying to describe something that’s very difficult to grasp. another tale of celestial beings influencing civilization can be found, this time in what is now modern-day Iraq.
The Babylonian legend of Enuma Elish dates back to the seventh century BC. The text was first discovered in Austen Henry Layard while searching the ruins of the Library of Ashurbanipal in Nineveh. The story tells of how the first humans were created by an extraterrestrial re known as the Anunnaki.
TSOUKALOS: In the ancient texts of Sumeria, we have descriptions of these beings descending from the sky called the Anunnaki.
The term “Anunnaki” means “those who from the heavens came.” It says, word for word, that these beings descended in flying vehicles from the sky, and we can find not only descriptions of the Anunnaki, but also depictions and we can see them in statues, in carvings, so it’s all very interesting to see that those beings looked like modern-day space travelers with weird suits.
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ANCIENT ALIENS: THE VISITORS- PART II
ANCIENT ALIENS: THE VISITORS- PART II
Some of them wore wristwatches.
They had boots on and helmets and, above all, wings, and they were always described or depicted in floating above some “regular people.”
So the question is: who were the Anunnaki? And according to the ancient astronaut hypothesis, they were space travelers who visited Earth in the remote past. Similar themes can be found in the legends of Greek and Roman gods, which also describe events that some interpret as extraterrestrial contact.
Both cultures believed in powerful gods who lived in the heavens and often came down to Earth to interact with humans.
CHILDRESS: A well-known example is Zeus and the Greek gods, and they’ve come down from the sky and Mount Olympus, where they live in some mountain, and they’re bringing, really, civilization and sciences to mankind, but they have many human attributes, too, where, yeah, they, uh, they’re attracted to human women, uh, they want to have sex and children with as many of ’em as they can, and then they go back into the sky.
THOMAS BULLARD: These ideas of gods mating with humans are very commonplace, like Zeus in Greek mythology was always coming down, mating with mortals, and producing demigods like Hercules or Helen of Troy, who were exceptionally beautiful, exceptionally powerful, unusually gifted in every way. So, in other words, you were creating a better race in, in this sense.
TSOUKALOS: In the ancient astronaut opinion, the whole pantheon of gods that we have in ancient Greece consists of nothing else but flesh-and-blood extraterrestrials who were misinterpreted as being these divine creatures by our ancestors.
CREMO: There is a lot of evidence showing that we’re not alone in the cosmos and that our human civilizations on Earth have been interacting for long periods of time with extraterrestrial intelligence. Belief in celestial beings interacting with humans is a cornerstone in several major religions.
In fact, according to the Bible’s Book of Genesis, God created the first humans Adam and Eve. The Bible also contains other passages that describe strange interactions between “otherworldly” beings and humans.
CARGILL: People believe messengers of some sort come down from the heavens. You know, they came down and they had sex with humans, and this is where we produced giants, people like Goliath, so in a technical sense, they are alien. They’re gods or they’re angels; there’s some kind of superhuman thing.
Interpreting these Bible stories has also led to a certain amount of debate and controversy. While most see a single god directing and influencing mankind’s destiny, others argue that it is really a number of gods that are responsible.
TSOUKALOS: In the Old Testament, it says very clearly, “And then God created man in our own image. ” Now, grammatically speaking, that sentence doesn’t make sense, because you have “God” and then you have “our image. ” Well, theologians suggest that, by “our,” what they meant is the Trinity, the Holy Trinity, so basically, if you were to change the word “god” to “gods,” then all of a sudden, the sentence makes sense– “and then the gods created man in our own image.”
CARGILL: So you have this reference– “let us create man in our image.” In several religious texts, specifically the Hebrew Bible, which Christians also accept, and in the Koran, which Muslims revere as holy, you have the reference to God in the plural, and it is incredibly interesting.
But do all these religious scriptures that tell similar stories really point to the possibility that aliens have visited Earth throughout ancient history?
BIRNES: The fact is, the story of creation in our own Bible is the story of creation in cultures around the world.
The story of the flood, the evolution of the human species, the development of language– all of this points to– in fact, the Bible says so– life on Earth came from contact with an extraterrestrial life form. That’s in the Bible. That’s in ancient cultures around the world.
So I believe the theory of ancient astronauts is true, and I believe there’s solid evidence there, and I believe the harder you try to refute that evidence, the more you wind up against a brick wall. That ancient astronauts visited us, visited Earth thousands upon thousands of years ago, and seeded the very civilization we have today.
If the believers in the ancient astronaut theory are correct, then just who were these visitors? And might cutting-edge astrophysics and biology help us to uncover their identity? On March 18, 1965, Russian cosmonaut Alexei Leonov stepped outside the Voskhod 2 and became the first human to walk in space.
He spent 12 minutes and eight seconds outside his ship before returning. Leonov’s survival depended upon a protective suit that could keep him alive where there was neither atmospheric pressure nor oxygen. If we need spacesuits, would aliens traveling to Earth require the same protection? Is that what we’re looking at in these ancient carvings and drawings?
TSOUKALOS: When critics ask, “Well, why would ancient astronauts have to wear astronaut suits like that we’re familiar with today?,” the answer is very simple. Can we go through space without wearing a type of suit? Of course not. We would die. ‘Cause who says that whoever visited us in the remote past, that they could breathe in the atmosphere of planet Earth? So, it’s not farfetched to suggest that they did, in fact, wear some type of suit.
Why might these images resemble modern astronauts? If they are aliens, is it possible they are similar to humans? And could they have come from a planet just like Earth? At the turn of the 20th century, a group of British and German scientists considered this possibility.
They embraced a theory put forth by early Greek philosophers, that all life in the universe began in one specific place. This theory is called panspermia.
SEAGER: Panspermia is the theory that life formed in one place, and then got spread around to other places. In outer space in the medium between stars, we see molecules that are the building blocks of life. So it’s easy to get the building blocks of life to another planet. For example, if life formed on Mars, it could have come here to Earth, contaminated Earth, and then started life here.
Roughly 36 billion years ago, Mars was warm and wet, much like the conditions on Earth today.
Biologists believe that because Mars cooled more quickly than other planets, life may have developed there first.
PAUL DAVIES: Mars is a better candidate for life during the early part of the solar system. Mars rocks are coming here all the time, and these have been knocked off Mars by asteroid and comet impacts. And we know that they could convey any Martian microorganisms to Earth.
In August 1996, a team of scientists made a stunning announcement. A Martian meteorite found in Antarctica contained evidence of fossilized life. The four-pound rock, designated ALH 84001, showed the presence of carbonate globules excreted by microbes when they were alive on Mars 36 billion years ago.
Earth was no longer alone. Life had existed elsewhere in the universe.
An image of the surface of Mars snapped by the HiRISE camera.Image Credit: NASA
DAVIES: So this cross-contamination between Mars and Earth, which 20 years ago was regarded as a rather wild conjecture, is now pretty much accepted by the astrobiology community. Astrobiologists studying the origin and evolution of life in the universe embraced the possibility that life on Earth began in outer space.
Did modern-day scientists finally prove what ancient cultures have believed for centuries?
BAUVAL: The common myth or idea that the origins of humankind is from the stars is widespread. Ancient cultures have The ancient Egyptians, the Mayans, the Aztecs, the Indians and so forth Uh, is intriguing, and it’s probably true. And I mean it from an astrophysical point of view. We do come from the stars.
It’s a fact that life on earth has been seeded by the coming of a comet containing the life matter.
SCHOCH: I personally suspect there is life out there. In fact, I believe that we have evidence if nothing else, microbial evidence, for life extraterrestrially.
But if life did land on Earth from outer space, was it by accident, or might it have been sent here on purpose? One mainstream scientist thought so.
British geneticist Francis Crick is best known for his collaboration with James Watson. Together, they unraveled the structure of human DNA in 1953.
Less than ten years later, they were awarded the Nobel Prize for their groundbreaking work in genetics. In the 1960s, Crick became a proponent of panspermia theory and took it to a whole new level with an idea he called directed panspermia.
GRAHAM HANCOCK: Francis Crick hypothesized that somewhere, perhaps on the other side of the galaxy, there had been a civilization of advanced intelligent beings. And they had found that their planet was going to be destroyed.
Perhaps a supernova was going to go off in their vicinity, and their planet would be sterilized of life.
And he asked himself, “What would an intelligent civilization do in that situation?” Um, well, first of all, they’d try to figure out if they could get out of there if they could actually preserve their lives and the lives of their descendants.
Perhaps crowd into spaceships and fly across interstellar space until they found a suitable planet to colonize. But could it actually be true? Could we really be the descendants of an alien race that traveled here from another world?
POPE: The ultimate implication of some exobiological theories is actually that we ourselves are extraterrestrials, that life on earth arose because the organic material was brought here from elsewhere.
BIRNES: What if we’re the ones, the descendants of those who came from another planet?
We weren’t created.
We were brought here, seeded planet Earth as a colony from some other planet. So we’re colonists of another race. And that’s why the aliens look like us.
SCHOCH: In my opinion, it’s not unscientific to consider the possibility of ancient astronauts, alien intervention. We live in a huge universe. Now, bacteria versus humanoids– one may say, that’s a big difference, but in some ways, it’s not a big difference. Where you have life, you have the ability for that life to develop into what we consider civilization or intelligent beings. Is it just a coincidence that modern science and ancient alien theory have come to the same conclusion: that life on Earth came from the stars?
And if it’s possible that billions of years ago, an extraterrestrial race spread out across space, how would they survive in their new home? Could they really be our missing link? For thousands of years, mankind has tried to depict alien beings who they believe came from the skies. Many of those creatures seem to share characteristics with humans.
They often have two arms, two legs, fingers and a head just like we do. Biologists refer to this basic body shape as bilateral symmetry.
MICHAEL DENNIN: Bilateral symmetry is, very simply, you divide something down the middle into two parts, and lateral means up and down, and the two sides are an exact reflection of each other. If you fold the thing in half, all the parts line up.
RUSSELL TUTTLE: Being bilaterally symmetric allows you to be streamlined and to develop a head end, so you become cephalized. And that certainly happened in vertebrates.
Virtually, the mouth at the end of something and then you get progressive development, and that seems to have led to many, many advances. (creatures chirping, chittering) DENNIN: So, when you look at it closely, you can see a lot of advantages coming in. Having the two arms and two legs to work together really gives you great mobility and balance and speed. Having eyes on two sides separated gives really improved vision in various ways.
Animals that are predominantly prey use their two eyes independently and get a huge field of view. Animals that are predominantly hunters have them more in the front and get really good depth perception, which you need if you’re gonna land on the animal you’re hunting.
If it is true that aliens resemble humans in their physical characteristics, might there also be genetic similarities? Could we even be related?
In 2003, the U.S. Government announced that the Human Genome Project had identified all of the nearly 25,000 genes in the human body. For the first time, scientists had a roadmap to the genetic make-up of humans.
In 2006, genetic researchers at the University of California at Santa Cruz discovered an area of the genome they called HAR1 that appears to be unique to humans. Scientists believe the HAR1 gene plays a critical role in the advanced development of the human brain and is a key element that sets us apart from other animals.
But where did it come from? Did humans develop this distinct gene naturally through evolution? Or did it land here from another planet? Francis Crick, the British scientist who helped discover the structure of DNA, believed that human genes could not have evolved by chance.
HANCOCK: Crick didn’t feel in that period of roughly formation of the planet down to the time when the planet could first support life, there was enough time for DNA to evolve by accident. It’s an enormously complicated molecule.
Crick gave this analogy: You would be more likely to assemble a fully functioning and flying a jumbo jet by passing a hurricane through a junkyard than you would be to assemble the DNA molecule by chance in any kind of primeval soup in five or six hundred million years. It’s just not possible.
But if this molecule could not have evolved accidentally, how was it created? Was it, as some believe, put there on purpose?
TSOUKALOS: The question should not be, do the extraterrestrials look like us or what do the extraterrestrials look like, but do we look like the extraterrestrials?
Because according to the ancient astronaut theory, a long, long time ago, extraterrestrials came here, and through a targeted mutation of our genes, we– quote, unquote– “became human.”
FIEBAG (translated): Possibly there is information in our DNA about whether human evolution was manipulated or not. The DNA is almost deciphered, yet we only understand five percent of the information it carries.
TSOUKALOS: Geneticists have determined that it only takes about five percent to clone a human being, and that that we have in our bodies is nothing more than what they refer to as “genetic junk.”
DENNIN: Why is everything there? And there’s probably parts of the DNA that don’t have an obvious current function. Maybe they’re left over from something that was used in the past, kind of like our appendix is left over.
Could this “genetic junk” hold the key to the evolution of humans? Some people suggest that decoding our DNA entirely will unlock startling information about our origins. But could it even prove that aliens played a role in our development thousands of years ago?
HANCOCK: If you hypothetically wanted to record an eternal message that could be decoded by a creature that had eventually evolved enough intelligence to decode it, the place to put that message would not be on some monument or in some text, which might be swept away, but actually on the DNA of the creature itself. (baby cooing) It’s recently been established that DNA is a recording medium of almost limitless power.
It would be technically possible to record the entire knowledge of a civilization on the DNA in our bodies. All you’d need is a way to access that information.
VON DANIKEN: I think we have something, the whole humanity, in our genes. Somewhere in our genes, it is coded that extraterrestrials were here thousands of years ago. But the questions persist: If aliens visited Earth tens of thousands of years ago how did they get here? When we look to the past for the answers, are we looking in the wrong place?
Should we actually look forward to our future? Scientists agree that the best chances of finding alien life will be on planets similar to ours, and descriptions of extraterrestrials seem to resemble humans in many ways. Some ancient astronaut theorists draw a surprising conclusion from these facts, suggesting that aliens might actually be human.
POPE: It is odd that many of the descriptions of aliens are effectively humanoid, and this raises an interesting possibility. One idea that’s been put forward is that, uh, these are not extraterrestrials at all, but they’re time travelers from the future.
NOORY: They could be us from a thousand, 2,000, 10,000 years from now. Let’s assume for a moment that planet if we all survive, that time travel was created. They’ve invented it. Just like the time machine of H.G. Wells’ day, they can go back, or they can go forward.
So let’s assume 10,000 years from now we decide to come back to see us. Maybe they have changed physically. They look like the alien grays or whoever they may be.
BIRNES: It could well be that ancient astronauts might not be creatures from other planets at all, but time travelers from 2720 in a time machine.
Time travel is an essential concept for science fiction, but would it be possible for flesh-and-blood humans to find a way to transport themselves through time with current technology? Would this enable us to cover the vast distances of space?
PAUL DAVIES: If I could travel close to the speed of light, I could reach the year Have to get very close to the speed of light for that, but it’s doable, and we know that this isn’t a theory, this is this is real physics– we could demonstrate these time-warping effects. So you can reach the future quicker by traveling close to the speed of light.
The concept of time travel was first proposed by Albert Einstein in 1905 when he published his Theory of Special Relativity.
DENNIN: Ancient astronaut theory says that astronauts visited us a long time ago from somewhere else. The technology involved in doing that, we would assume would be similar to what we understand now. I mean, we know special relativity is a law of physics.
It holds anywhere in the universe. Ancient astronauts that would come all the way here can travel these large distances and not age that much, relative to their home planet.
Because if you’re going close enough to the speed of light, you will have slowed down time enough that when you get back, hundreds, thousands, or even millions of years could have passed. One limitation to this method of travel is that because a spacecraft has mass, it theoretically cannot reach the exact speed of light.
The resulting reduction in velocity would then dramatically increase the amount of time needed to cross the vast universe.
NOORY: Well, there’s definitely many theories about how extraterrestrials got here, how their propulsion system got them to planet Earth. They’re surely not coming here the way we go out into space. They’d never get here. They are finding different ways. They have either developed a new form of propulsion, or they’re able to travel through– what I’ve always believed– wormholes throughout the universe. That would instantaneously put them here.
The idea of wormholes was first proposed in longtime collaborator Nathan Rosen. They began to explore the possibility that space and time could literally be bent to create a time travel shortcut.
DENNIN: Wormholes have not been detected. They are a postulated structure in space that involve actually taking– if you want to think of a sheet of paper– bending it in half and connecting the two pieces that you get together. A wormhole is thought to do something like that. Space gets warped, and it connects between two different parts of space. You know, there are predictions about what they would look like; there are theories about them, but we haven’t detected one yet.
You’re not actually ever traveling faster than the speed of light; you’re just cutting corners.
CHILDRESS: You don’t actually have to go light speed and travel for light-years to someplace. You literally go there through a wormhole and through hyperspace, and bang, you’re there.
DAVIES: If you can have a wormhole in space, then it can be turned, in principle, into a time machine. And so travel back in time as well as forward in time would then be possible.
The problem is: where do you get your wormhole? Uh, it’s not inconceivable that wormholes were made in the Big Bang, coughed out along with everything else, and there might be one out there in the universe we could harvest or adapt to form a time machine.
DENNIN: If you end up discovering that you could make wormholes, then that increases the range that you can explore in space and that increases the likelihood of having two civilizations at the same time with the right technology to communicate with each other. While theoretically possible, traveling through wormholes or at the speed of light is currently both economically and technically impossible for us here on Earth. Using modern propulsion methods, it would take 70,000 years to reach the nearest star.
DAVIES: Our fastest rockets are totally puny. It’s really pathetic. So we’re talking about luck. Any object that we can fire out into the solar system is going to take tens of thousands of years to reach the nearest star. Believe it or not, at 4. 6 billion yrs old, our solar system is one of the youngest in the universe.
But if civilizations exist in other galaxies, is it possible that they are more advanced than those on Earth? And if so, could they be ahead of us in their ability to travel through space and time?
CHILDRESS: For extraterrestrials to come here, through the vast reaches of space to our planet, they clearly have to have technology that’s way in advance of what we have today.
To go from solar system to solar system, rather than going warp speed, like in Star Trek, you really are going to travel, as they do in Star Wars, where you’re jumping through hyperspace. Going from a solar system to solar system is no time at all.
TSOUKALOS: Just because we can’t travel from star to star does not mean another more advanced society can’t do it either. I think that’s the height of human arrogance to say, “Just because we can’t do it, another more advanced civilization can’t do it either,” so, you know, we have to stop looking at us that we are the pinnacle of creation ’cause we’re not. Celestial beings. Visitors from the skies.
Deities descending from the heavens to interact with man. Could these worldwide stories be the foundation for the prevailing belief that something greater than ourselves, from beyond our world, created the universe as we know it? Almost all of the great world faiths are based on stories of celestial beings who visit Earth.
Many millions of people accept these legends as part of their core beliefs. And from the earliest cave drawings to images at Roswell, we see artists’ interpretations of extraterrestrials or gods coming to our planet.
YOUNG: In many traditions, there is something coming from above. There is a stairway to heaven or there’s a whirlwind or an angel descends. Sometimes the encounter is quite dangerous. As would be appropriate to something awesome and larger and more powerful than we are. Usually, it is memorable.
CHILDRESS: Many of the myths are much more specific and they really talk about gods physically coming to Earth– landing, doing miracles and showing the people how to live.
If visitors did come from the stars, is it possible that they actually changed the way ancient people thought?
Did they provide an intellectual spark to prehistoric civilizations? Could that be the reason why so many different cultures could build such large and lasting monuments?
NOORY: It’s almost as if the primitive man woke up one morning and went, “Hey, I’ve got this knowledge and I know how to make tools and I’m gonna go and build all these things.” Nah, I don’t think it happened that way. I think others came down to this planet and started teaching other people, uh, that were beginning to evolve.
But the one thing I truly do not believe is that modern cavemen at the time basically created all this knowledge out of thin air.
TSOUKALOS: All around the world, we have concise descriptions in ancient texts which say word for word that some beings came from the sky. So it’s as if this intellectual Big Bang or this Big Bang of knowledge occurred in various periods of time, and those various periods of time most concisely always correlate with some type of description of gods descending from the sky.
HANCOCK: I do think of that as a very significant before-and-after moment in the human story, and it is not a moment that is linked to physical evolution.bWe’ve already got the hardware. It’s as though something happened to our software around about that time, and I think it’s a very intriguing moment in the human story. For supporters of ancient alien theory, the verdict is already in.
They believe that aliens visited many of Earth’s earliest cultures thousands of years ago.
But is it possible? Are extraterrestrials responsible for the sacred creation myths of the first human civilizations?
Might they have tampered with our DNA? Are humans themselves aliens from another planet in the heavens or even from another time?
While man continues to search for these answers, the questions remain. If they came here, what was their mission? We call Earth home, but with perfect conditions for life, could it be a beacon, calling out to other intelligent civilizations that may exist in the universe?
CARGILL: I think there is life, simple life, bacterial life, microbial life on other planets. I think we’re going to find that. And who knows?
Maybe one day we’ll find some other planet that’s capable of sustaining life, that has evolved people over a long period of time, that are also looking up at the stars wondering: is there anybody else out there, are we the only ones?
HELDMANN: What bigger question could we ask about ourselves and our place in the universe? You know, is there life elsewhere in the universe, or are we it? I mean, I think it’s one of the most fascinating questions, and we’re fortunate enough to live in a time when we can address this question scientifically and really try and get at some answers.
NOORY: You can then come up with a conclusion that something, one, very strange is happening on this planet, and two, if it’s coming from outside of this system, then we’re being visited by something that has some intelligence behind it.
TSOUKALOS: In the end, the truth wins, and we’ve seen this in history, where scientific theories or ideas that have been deemed impossible turned out to be true, and so it is my firm conviction that the same will count for the ancient alien theory.
ROGUE AI MAY HAVE POPULATED ENTIRE GALAXIES, TURNING EVERY SOLAR SYSTEM INTO A COMPUTER
ROGUE AI MAY HAVE POPULATED ENTIRE GALAXIES, TURNING EVERY SOLAR SYSTEM INTO A COMPUTER
A new theory proposed by a theoretical physicist from the National Research University of Electronic Technology (MIET) in Russia tries to explain why humans have not detected traces of alien life. The study proposes that advanced lifeforms that colonize the sats may destroy many species along the way. Furthermore, alien killer robots may have populated the entire supercluster with copies of itself, turning every solar system into a supercomputer, and destroying life along the way.
However, the destructive power of humanity could kill entire alien civilizations.
The universe is SO big; it’s hard to put it into perspective.
According to astronomers, there are 100 to 400 billion stars in the Milky Way and more than 100 billion galaxies in the Universe – some say there may be as many as 500 billion, which means there are around 50,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 (5×1022) habitable planets. That’s of course if there’s just ONE universe.
If you multiply stars by galaxies, at the low end, you get 10 billion, billion stars, or 10 sextillion stars in the Universe–a one followed by 22 zeros.
At the high end, it’s 200 sextillions.
Just inside our Milky Way Galaxy experts believe are some 400 BILLION STARS, but this number may seem small as some astrophysicists believe that stars in our galaxy could figure the TRILLION.
This means that the Milky Way alone could be home to more than 100 BILLION planets. So, where the heck is everybody?
This question leads us to the so-called Fermi Paradox, a scientific mystery which questions why we’ve not come across alien life if there are billions of stars in our galaxy and many more outside of it.
Generations of scientist have tired answering this mystery since the paradox was formulated.
Some believe aliens may be hibernating, some have argued that something mysterious is keeping them from evolving, while others suggest humans are too insignificant for aliens to make contact.
However, a theoretical physicist from the National Research University of Electronic Technology (MIET) in Russia has come up with another explanation as to why we haven’t come across our cosmic neighbors, and he calls it the “First in, last out” solution to the Fermi Paradox.
Professor Alexander Berezin’s study, which has still to be peer-reviewed explains how the paradox has a “trivial solution, requiring no controversial assumptions” but may prove “hard to accept, as it predicts a future for our own civilization that is even worse than extinction.”
Professor Berezin explains that all this time, we’ve been defining alien life too narrowly. And he may be right.
“The specific nature of civilizations arising to interstellar level should not matter,” he writes.
“They might [be] biological organisms like ourselves, rogue AIs that rebelled against their creators, or distributed planet-scale minds like those described by Stanislaw Lem in Solaris.”
But even with such a wide scope, there’s still no signs of anyone. (officially But, Berezin explains that the only parameter we should be worried about is the physical threshold at which we can observe its existence.
In the paper published in arXiv, Berezin explains that: “The only variable we can objectively measure is the probability of life becoming detectable from outer space within a certain range from Earth,” Berezin explains.
“For simplicity let us call it ‘parameter A’.”
Berezin’s paper actually puts things down nicely and helps us understand alien life and why we haven’t come across it.
If alien civilizations do not reach parameter A, either by developing interstellar travel, managing to broadcast communication across space, or by any other means, it may still exist, but it will not help us solve the paradox.
The “First in, First Out” solution proposed by Berezin is a grim scenario.
“What if the first life that reaches interstellar travel capability necessarily eradicates all competition to fuel its own expansion?” he hypothesizes.
This, however, does not necessarily mean that an extremely advanced alien civilization would consciously wipe out other lifeforms, but simply put, they may not even notice they are actually there.
“They simply won’t notice, the same way a construction crew demolishes an anthill to build real estate because they lack the incentive to protect it,” writes Berezin.
But Berezin does not suggest we are the ants. We may actually be the future destroyer of the worlds we are looking for. Take Mars as one example.
“Assuming the theory above is accurate, what does it mean for our future?” Berezin writes.
“The only solution is the invocation of the anthropic principle. We are the first to arrive at the [interstellar] stage. And, most likely, will be the last to leave.”
In the paper, Berezin also mentions the dangers of AI, untethered by constraints of its accumulation of power.
“One rogue AI can possibly populate the entire supercluster with copies of itself, turning every solar system into a supercomputer, and there is no use asking why it would do that,” Berezin writes.
Leaked Military Report: UFO ‘Rendezvoused’ With Something Big Under Ocean
Leaked Military Report: UFO ‘Rendezvoused’ With Something Big Under Ocean
An in-depth government report “prepared by and for the military” and obtained by a Nevada newsroom, details a 2004 incident involving an alleged “UFO” sighting recorded by the US military off California’s coast 14 years ago. Dubbed the “Tic Tac” incident, the unidentified flying object “rendezvouses” with a huge underwater object.
So named for the white, fast-moving, mint-shaped object that was involved, the video’s release made waves last year when it was first revealed by the New York Times. Over the course of two weeks in 2004, a 13.7-meter-long (45-foot-long) Anomalous Aerial Vehicle (AAV) defined as “aerodynamic” with “no visible means to generate lift” was detected by US naval ships in short glimpses.
According to IFLScience, based on the recently leaked report, the undated document suggests there may have been something in the water as well. F-18 aircraft were called into the area after the USS Princeton wasn’t able to lock on to the AAV (Anomalous Ariel Vehicle.) The report details the moment a pilot noticed a disturbance under the surface of the water resembling a “barely submerged reef or island”. As the pilot flew away, the object reportedly disturbed the water underneath it in “frothy waves and foam” resembling water that was “boiling.” The unidentified flying “Tic Tac” object was potentially rendezvousing with the massive underwater one, according to the report.
Earlier this year, the Department of Defense released three separate videos showing an encounter between a Navy fighter jet and an unknown object. For years, the department’s Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program was kept secret until last year when the Pentagon announced its then-defunct program never gained evidence of alien life visiting Earth.
“The AAVs would descend ‘very rapidly’ from approximately 60,000 feet down to approximately 50 feet in a matter of seconds,” the report noted. Pilots also indicated there may have been something in the water as well. One pilot detailed a disturbance up to the size of a football field: “The disturbance appeared to be 50 to 100 meters in diameter and close to round. It was the only area and type of whitewater activity that could be seen and reminded him of images of something rapidly submerging from the surface like a submarine or a ship sinking.”
A submarine in the vicinity did not detect anything unusual underwater. If an object was indeed in the Pacific Ocean, “it would represent a highly advanced capability given the advanced capability of our sensors.”
Human beings across the world look up at the stars and are amazed by the vastness of space, but only a few lucky members of our species have ever had the privilege of looking down at our planet from the cosmos.
Human beings are also fascinated by making things bigger, better, faster and more impressive (with the exception of technology, which tends to work on the “smaller, better, faster” mantra).
These two common truths of humanity lead us to wonder… can those lucky individuals who get shot into space ever look back at their home planet and see something made by human hands?
The answer? YES… but some of the man-made objects that can be seen from space may surprise you…
The Great Myth of the Great Wall of China
The Great Wall of China, a massive formation that arcs around the southern edge of Inner Mongolia, stretches for more than 13,000 miles (including all of its branches and offshoots), and the oldest parts of the wall date back more than 2,200 years. For centuries, it was considered the largest manmade structure, and since human beings first entered space, the Great Wall has earned a number of titles. These include, the only object visible from space, and the only object visible from the moon.
The Great Wall of China
(Photo Credit: powerstock / Fotolia)
However, as it turns out, both of these claims are false. “Space” is a rather general term, and encompasses everything from the “Low-Earth orbit” (where the ISS orbits our planet, and is defined as being 100-1,200 miles from the surface) to the most distant reaches of the universe – roughly 46.5 billion light-years away.
Even from Low-Earth orbit, the Great Wall is “barely visible” according to most astronauts that have tried to take a peek, and it can only be seen under clear, perfect weather conditions. The color of the wall is mostly brown and tan, which blends in remarkably well with the surrounding environment. The ISS typically orbits at a height of about 350 km above Earth’s surface, and if the Great Wall is barely visible from that height, then it would obviously be impossible to see from the moon, which is more than 230,000 miles away from our planet.
Low-Earth Orbit vs. Geostationary orbit
(Photo Credit: Pics-about-space.com)
Furthermore, there are many other things made by human hands that can be seen from space….
The Great (and not-so-great) Structures of Earth
Cities at Night – The sprawl of human cities is incredibly large – New York metropolitan area covers more than 8,600 sq. km – and for those cities that never sleep, the light they give off at night is enormous. While astronauts may not be able to point out New York, Tokyo, or Sao Paulo during the day, the intense radiant lights of these cities at night is clearly visible from space. The images that have been captured from space (again, at relatively low altitudes, less than 1,000 miles from the surface) are stunningly beautiful, but also a sign of how much electricity and energy is being used every single day to light out metropolises.
The US City Lights at Night
(Photo Credit: Gianluca D.Muscelli / Fotolia)
Desert Roads – These objects aren’t the most exciting or visually stimulating, but they are extremely long, and typically cut through spaces that are untouched by the organizing hand of human beings. Therefore, from Low-Earth orbit, astronauts can clearly see the geometrically perfect lines of human roads as they slice through the natural forms and patternless wilderness of a desert. Next time you’re on a hundred-mile stretch of empty desert road on the way to the American west, just remember that your boring highway can be seen by the lonely souls of the ISS.
Photo Credit : Flickr
Pyramids of Giza – There are a few caveats to the title of “visible from space”, one of which is whether an object can be seen without a high-powered lens or magnifying camera. The Pyramids of Giza, which were built more than 4,500 years ago, can be seen from space, but it’s very difficult with the naked eye. High-powered cameras have been responsible for most of the shots of the Pyramids that we’ve seen from the ISS. Again, the definition of “space” comes into play here, because while the ISS orbits quite low, most of our communication satellites are more than 100x further away, and from there, the pyramids would be impossible to see.
This Would Explain a Lot….
(Photo Credit: fredmantel / Fotolia)
Dubai’s Islands – Most people think of Dubai as the modern playground of the rich and famous, which is largely true. In fact, this hyper-exclusive nation even built a series of artificial islands. There are two massive ones in the shape of a palm tree (aptly named Palm Island), and another section called World Islands, composed of roughly 300 islands that resemble a map of the globe. Palm Island encompasses about 100,000 cubic meters of space, and is the largest artificial island on Earth. Astronauts have been snapping pictures of Palm Island since construction finished in 2006.
Sometimes, you need to build an island
(Photo Credit: Naeblys / Fotolia)
Spanish Greenhouses – Tucked into 64,000 acres on the southern coast of Spain are the legendary greenhouses of Almeira. This tight cluster of plastic greenhouses brings in more than $1.5 billion to the Spanish economy, thanks to their prolific vegetable production. This tightly packed cluster of white-topped greenhouses can be spotted from space!
That’s a lot of greenhouses…
(Photo Credit: Hortidaily.com)
Bridges – The vast stretches of blue water are rather easy to spot from space, particularly around well-known geographic spots, such as recognizable coastlines. When an astronaut peers down from his heavenly vantage point, spying a bridge in the midst of those blue patches isn’t all that difficult. Bridges on land, or crossing smaller bodies of water, is much more difficult, but huge bridges, like the Bang Na Expressway in Thailand, can be seen from Low-Earth orbit.
Photo Credit : Wikipedia
Kennecott Copper Mine – Southwest of Salt Lake City, Utah in the United States, lies an incredibly large hole that can be seen from space – the Kennecott Copper Mine. Known as the world’s largest manmade excavation, it is more than half a mile deep and 2.5 miles wide, and covers a space of roughly 1,900 acres. It has been in operation since 1906, and shows no sign of slowing down, so this particular manmade structure visible from space is only going to keep getting larger!
The Kennecott Copper Mine
(Photo Credit: Gary Whitton / Fotolia)
As you can see, our planet has quite a few manmade objects and areas that can be viewed from “space”. However, remember that most of this visibility is only possible from Low-Earth orbit, and typically under very good conditions, and often with the aid of a high-zoom lens. Our bold and innovative species will almost certainly add to this list in the future, but for now, it’s a rather exclusive club.
Just remember, if anyone tries to tell you that something is visible from the moon… they’re severely misinformed!
References:
Man Made Structures Visible From Space – Wikipedia
Fly Along on a Virgin Galactic Test Flight in This Awesome Video
Fly Along on a Virgin Galactic Test Flight in This Awesome Video
By Mike Wall, Space.com Senior Writer
Hold on to your butts. A new video lets you fly along on the second rocket-powered flight of Virgin Galactic's VSS Unity space plane, and the view is amazing.
The 2.5-minute video. which you can see above, chronicles yesterday's (May 29) test flight over California's Mojave Desert from takeoff to landing. It features gorgeous shots of Unity rocketing upward atop a tail of bright-orange flame and takes you inside the cockpit, showing pilots Dave Mackay and Mark "Forger" Stucky flipping switches and pressing buttons.
Unity is Virgin's latest SpaceShipTwo vehicle, a two-pilot, six-passenger craft designed to take paying customers and scientific experiments to suborbital space and back. SpaceShipTwo is hauled aloft by a carrier plane known as WhiteKnightTwo and dropped at an altitude of about 50,000 feet (15,000 meters), at which point the space plane fires up its onboard rocket motor. [Virgin Galactic's VSS Unity Spaceliner in Pictures]
Like NASA's now-retired space shuttle orbiters, SpaceShipTwo vehicles end their missions with a runway landing.
Virgin Galactic's VSS Unity space plane soars during its second rocket-powered test flight, on May 29, 2018.
Credit: Virgin Galactic via Twitter
Unity has now completed 13 test flights since its February 2016 unveiling. Four have been "captive-carry" missions in which the vehicle stayed attached to WhiteKnightTwo, seven have been unpowered "glide flights" and two have engaged Unity's rocket engine.
Yesterday's flight came about seven weeks after Unity's first powered test, which took place April 5. During yesterday's mission, Unity fired its engine for 31 seconds, topped out at about 1.9 times the speed of sound and reached a maximum altitude of 114,500 feet (34,900 m), Virgin Galactic representatives said.
If all continues to go well during the test campaign, VSS Unity could begin operational flights sometime this year. Virgin Galactic founder Sir Richard Branson has said he will be on the first commercial flight of the vehicle. (Tickets to ride the space plane currently sell for $250,000 apiece.)
Unity is Virgin Galactic's second SpaceShipTwo vehicle. The first, VSS Enterprise, broke apart during a powered test flight on Oct. 31, 2014. The accident killed co-pilot Michael Alsbury and seriously injured pilot Peter Siebold.
Investigators determined that the accident occurred because Alsbury unlocked Enterprise's "feathering" descent system too early in the flight, and faulted the vehicle's design for allowing this to happen. Unity's design was modified to address this issue, Virgin Galactic representatives have said.
NASA’s front man admits the existence of Area 51 and extraterrestrial life
NASA’s front man admits the existence of Area 51 and extraterrestrial life
The front of NASA verified the fact that there is extraterrestrial life, but aliens are not secluded in Area 51.
NASA administrator, Major Charles Bolden, told British schoolchildren that he believes scientists could find life outside the borders of Earth.
He was asked by a 10 year old girl if he believes in aliens and he replied that he does believe in the fact that humankind is able to find another form of life outside our solar system.
He said: “Today we know that there are literally thousands, if not millions of other planets, many of which may be very similar to our own earth. So some of us, many of us believe that we’re going to find evidence that there is life elsewhere in the universe.”
Major Bolden also confessed Area 51 truly exists, but that it is not the location where US government hides aliens. Instead, he described this area as a place for research and advancement only.
Area 51 was always a place that was kept as a secret, even though everyone knew about it, and fed the creativity of conspiracy theorists and UFO believers all around the world.
The Central Intelligence Agency in 2013 declared the precise area in Nevada, near Groom Lake, in the records discharged as a part of a Freedom of Information request.
There records portray how this place was used in the Second World War as aeronautical artillery for the Army Air Corp pilots.
Later, President Dwight Eisenhower approved this segment of wilderness, known by its map classification as Area 51, to the Atomic Energy Commissions Nevada test site and training range.
Major Bolden also cited that one of the reasons why men haven’t stepped foot on Mars is the deficiency of suitable toilet facilities.
NASA has its hopes for finally sending humans to Mars in 2030 if they manage to beat their technological barriers.
However, their objective is not landing, but doing orbital mission like the first time they went to the Moon. The arguments justifying this are that they have to get ready the Martian surface for human residence first.
“We’re not going to send humans down to the surface of Mars to build the habitats, the houses; we’re probably going to use robots.
“Our technical abilities are not what we want it to be now. We need better life support systems, we need a toilet that’s not going to break on the way there, then when we get to the Martian surface we need (a toilet) that’s going to work over and over again. Toilets are a big deal.” – said Mr. Bolden.
Mr. Bolden also talked about the conspiracy theories which say the famous Moon landing was a hoax. He said that it’s understandable people to have lack of faith, but he, himself, doesn’t have doubts that they really went there and that they are going to go Mars in short time too.
A rock star mustered a team of credentialed experts to put mysterious incidents on your radar. But does Tom DeLonge really have the goods? (Heads of State illustration for The Washington Post)
At the turn of the millennium, Blink-182 was everywhere. On the cover of the pop-punk band’s smash album, “Enema of the State,” a busty nurse with a lustful grin snapped on a latex glove. At MTV beach concerts, sunburned masses moshed to the No. 1 hit “All the Small Things.” But frontman Tom DeLonge — the one with the angsty, adolescent singing voice — had been nurturing an offstage hobby that was decidedly out of the mainstream.
Tom DeLonge in 2015.
(Vivien Killilea/Getty Images for SiriusXM)
With his first record-deal payout as a fledgling teenage rock star, DeLonge had bought a computer to research the prospect of intelligent life beyond Earth. And after Blink-182 made him a fortune, he further indulged his fascination with the paranormal.
He co-wrote a 700-page novel about UFOs.
He brainstormed a film about skateboarders who become paranormal detectives.
He produced websites buzzing with stories about Bigfoot and disintegrating mummies.
Now in his early 40s, with his music career cooled but his financial resources apparently intact, DeLonge has channeled those bizarre passions into his next act.
You’ve seen it without knowing it. Remember that wild news in December about a secret Pentagon UFO program? And those grainy military videos showing radar images of unexplained phenomena — white, Tic-Tac-shaped objects that appear to fly at remarkable speeds, at impossible angles, without wings or exhaust?
Tom DeLonge helped ring the alarm about those things, as part of his new business venture: To the Stars Academy of Arts and Science. For his advisory board, DeLonge recruited physicists, aerospace experts and former Department of Defense officials, who have been talking publicly about UFOs and arguing that the government has failed to fully investigate them.
In the past six months, DeLonge’s associates have appeared on CNN and Fox News, written for The Washington Post and been cited in the New York Times — usually in the context of those eerie videos.
“What the f--- is that thing?” a Navy pilot says in a video released by To the Stars in March, but perhaps the more pertinent question is: How did the guy from Blink-182 get wrapped up in it?
Blink-182’s 1999 hit “All the Small Things,” via YouTube
Rich men have the luxury of looking to the stars for investment and wish fulfillment. SpaceX founder Elon Musk wants to colonize Mars. Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen wants to make interplanetary travel cheap and routine. Amazon chief executive Jeffrey P. Bezos, who owns The Washington Post, envisions moving industry off Earth and shipping products down from space.
Tom DeLonge says he wants to build “a perpetual funding machine” to investigate UFOs and thereby advance our own species.
At a launch event for To the Stars Academy in Seattle last fall, he explained that he was expanding his small entertainment venture — which has mostly published his graphic novels and books about UFOs and the paranormal — into a far more ambitious scientific operation, to explore “the most controversial secret on Earth.”
DeLonge, who was unavailable for comment, explained at the launch that he had used his fame to meet with the keepers of that secret, in “clandestine encounters” in “desert airports” and “vacant buildings deep within Washington, D.C.”
Some of those people sat behind DeLonge onstage, including former intelligence officer Luis Elizondo, the former director of a hush-hush UFO program at the Pentagon.
Footage shows encounter between U.S. navy jet and unknown aircraft
Footage shows an encounter between U.S. fighter jets and “anomalous aerial vehicles.”(To The Stars Academy of Arts and Science)
“The phenomenon is indeed real,” Elizondo said when it was his turn to speak. Just days before, the 22-year Defense Department veteran had submitted a resignation letter to the Pentagon, citing its disregard of “overwhelming evidence” that unexplained phenomena have been interfering with the U.S. military.
Elizondo had overseen the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program, quietly created in 2007 by then-Senate Majority Leader Harry M. Reid (D-Nev.) with the encouragement of a reclusive Nevada billionaire named Robert Bigelow. Like DeLonge, Bigelow made his fortune through earthly pursuits (real estate) but was fascinated by the otherworldly; he had funded research into crop and cattle mutilations. After he got Reid’s attention, Bigelow’s aerospace company then won the $22 million contract to run the Pentagon’s secret program, as first reported by the New York Times late last year. (Reid and Bigelow did not respond to requests for comment.)
Despite its peculiar mandate, Bigelow Aerospace’s output was typical of federal bureaucracy: It produced paper. There was a 490-page report on alleged UFO sightings, and a series of studies on experimental physics. One study written for the Defense Intelligence Agency (“Traversable Wormholes, Stargates, and Negative Energy”) urged federal research into interstellar travel and was illustrated with a childish drawing of a dinosaur greeting Albert Einstein through a hole in the space-time continuum.
But the secret program’s collection of weird military videos was what made headlines, starting with the December New York Times article. Whatever is in the videos “isn’t human, it’s not natural, it’s under artificial control,” says Eric W. Davis, the astrophysicist who wrote the study on wormholes and stargates. “We don’t know where it comes from. But it’s here, and has been here for some time.”
Davis, who works for a Bigelow subcontractor called Earthtech International, is but one player in the web of UFO enthusiasts who are interconnected by the secret Pentagon program and To the Stars Academy. There is also Earthtech’s chief executive, Stanford-trained physicist Harold Puthoff, who once devoted serious study to the work of self-described “mystifier” Uri Geller, the 1970s “Tonight Show” guest who claimed he could bend spoons with his mind.
When Puthoff heard about DeLonge’s interest in extraterrestrial phenomena, he reached out — and, like Elizondo, ended up with a new job after Pentagon funding for UFO research dried up. He’s now vice president for science and technology for To the Stars. Elizondo is its director of global security and special programs.
Elizondo and Puthoff were among the key voices quoted in the blockbuster front-page Times article that revealed the covert existence of the Pentagon’s UFO program. The story drew millions of readers online, with the videos of flying shapes and incredulous pilots murmuring “My gosh!” and “Look at that thing!”
Though DeLonge’s new venture got a nod in the article, the rock star himself was not mentioned. Nonetheless, To the Stars was ready for its moment.
“STUNNING NEW YORK TIMES FRONT PAGE EXPOSE” the company declared in a news release. The homepage of its new website featured a button labeled “INVEST.”
"What if people knew that these were real?" DeLonge sang on the 1999 track "Aliens Exist." In fact, most Americans believe in extraterrestrial life. Still, the subject carries the odor of crazy, so the recent news coverage of the videos was "huge," says Jan Harzan, director of the Mutual UFO Network, a group that investigates sightings.
“Basically, it made UFOs go mainstream,” Harzan says. “UFOs are real. And it represents advanced technology in our skies. If we want to advance as a civilization, this is something we have to focus on.”
The 2004 video highlighted by the Times is a touchstone for To the Stars, which put out its own report that, with its blacked-out passages, resembled a declassified government document. The report described how the unidentified object off the coast of California moved "in a manner that seemed to defy the laws of flight physics" and how the F/A-18 pilots, greeted upon their return by TVs playing "Men in Black" and "The X-Files," felt their observations were not taken seriously. One pilot, furious at the ridicule, sent detailed notes to an aunt. "Keep this because this is important stuff," the pilot wrote.
Yet the report from To the Stars is not a government document, according to a Pentagon spokesperson. Dated Sept. 7, 2017, it was created 13 years after that UFO incident, as To the Stars geared up to court investors.
Jill Tarter, of the SETI Institute in Mountain View, Calif., in 2011.
(Marcio Jose Sanchez/AP)
The Times article cited Bigelow and Puthoff, whose interest in the paranormal is no secret. Tarter says Bigelow once pitched SETI on a project to investigate alien sightings and offered to fund it.
“It’s hard to walk away from money,” Tarter says, but Bigelow “was so very convinced that we have been visited, and I couldn’t find it credible, and he didn’t offer any evidence.”
And the article, co-written by two Times veterans, also gave a byline to freelancer Leslie Kean. The author of books on UFOs and the afterlife (which received blurbs of praise from Puthoff), Kean had previously been given an exclusive on the To the Stars launch for a laudatory HuffPost article about DeLonge’s start-up: “Inside Knowledge About Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Could Lead To World-Changing Technology.”
“I just hope they have success,” Kean later told Open Minds UFO Radio. “I think what Tom [DeLonge] has done is extraordinary.” (Kean and the Times declined to comment.)
On its website, To the Stars bills the UFO videos as “the first official evidence” of “unidentified aerial phenomena” (while promising “THIS IS ONLY THE BEGINNING”). But an online community of skeptics has swarmed the videos, noting that the “glowing aura” in one video resembles a common infrared effect caused when a hot object, such as a jet engine, is seen against a cold background, such as high-altitude clouds.
“DeLonge had been promising so much for such a long time” and “people were either becoming very cynical or gathering a sense of real expectation,” says Robert Sheaffer, a former Silicon Valley engineer and former chairman of the Bay Area Skeptics. Now, he says, To the Stars has simply put forward a “a couple more blurry videos that are similar to the blurry videos we’ve had before this.”
The latest blurry video, released by To the Stars in March, features a blip zooming at low altitude off the East Coast in 2015. Some debunkers reasoned that it was a big, slow-moving bird that looked fast only because of the angle and movement of the observing jet.
Watch: Military jet video tracks high-speed UFO
(To the Stars Academy of Arts & Science)
An official with the Defense Intelligence Agency maintains that the hype over the secret Pentagon UFO program is misleading.
“Some out there seem to be making this into more than it really is,” said the official, who was granted anonymity because he was not authorized to speak publicly. The program, he said, was not created to investigate unearthly technology but simply to prepare for aerospace advances by foreign adversaries — and was shuttered in 2012 because “there was limited value in what was produced.”
But that, argues Christopher Mellon, is exactly the problem.
Mellon, a former deputy assistant secretary of defense under Bill Clinton and George W. Bush, is another adviser to DeLonge’s team. Mellon says there have been numerous other incidents along the East Coast in which unidentified flying objects have apparently penetrated U.S. defenses. There are more videos yet to be shared, he says, and “hard technical data corroborated by no-nonsense military personnel.”
Are these things Russian? Chinese? Or from some alien civilization? Whatever they are, the government has not been taking it seriously enough, Mellon argues. (The Pentagon declined to comment.) The situation reminds him of the muddled period before the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks.
“Instead of being intrigued or even electrified by worrisome data,” he says, “various agencies and departments are failing to share information or take action.”
Tom DeLonge performing with Blink-182 in Las Vegas in 2011.
(Ethan Miller/Getty Images)
This is why Mellon, Elizondo and other credentialed individuals with advanced degrees and decades of high-clearance government service have attached their reputations to a semiretired rock star with a sideline in paranormal fiction. At least someone, they argue, is taking their concerns seriously.
“I think people look at him as a rock-’n’-roller turned pseudo-scientist,” says Elizondo, “but once you get to know who he is, Tom is more of a scientist who happens to be a talented musician.” His endeavor “is about telling the American people the truth.”
For Elizondo, transparency on this issue is paramount. “We trust the American people to know that Kim Jong Un has thermonuclear weapons pointed at L.A.,” he says. “We trust the American people to know there’s a potential Ebola pandemic that could come out of Africa. And yet we don’t trust the American people with information that there is unidentified phenomena in our airspace, and that we don’t know how it works?”
DeLonge’s goals, though, reach beyond national security. To the Stars promises to develop “next-generation” concepts for propulsion in space, according to its prospectus, and harness “warp drive metrics” and telepathic powers.
There is also a somewhat mystical mission: “to present a positive and unifying message to all generations, in every country, in every belief system, that the growth of consciousness that we all desire can start here, right now,” DeLonge said at his October launch.
It seems to be getting off to a slow start. As of mid-March, To the Stars had raised $2.5 million from a few thousand investors — not quite enough to achieve faster-than-light travel or to solve whatever mystery is unfolding in the skies. DeLonge lent To the Stars $600,000 to get off the ground, and the company is required to pay him $100,000 in yearly royalty fees.
For now, To the Stars’ only deliverables are DeLonge’s novels, some branded coffee mugs and clothing, and swag from his current rock band, Angels and Airwaves. The latest news from the company was an April 3 news release touting the upcoming sequel to DeLonge’s novel “Sekret Machines.” The release hyped Elizondo and Mellon’s involvement in the company, lending a dash of national-security authority to a niche-market entertainment product. The novel is about explorers who “locate an ancient tablet that may hold the answers to humanity’s greatest question”: Are we alone in the universe?
The novel — “based on actual events” — is available in September, starting at $24.95.
WETENSCHAP & PLANEETHet leven herstelde zich relatief snel op de plaats waar 66 miljoen jaar geleden de meteorietinslag plaatsvond die de dinosaurussen fataal werd. Dat blijkt uit boringen tot 1.300 meter diep in de Chicxulubkrater voor de kust van het Mexicaanse schiereiland Yucatan. Het onderzoek gebeurde door een internationaal team van wetenschappers, onder wie professor Philippe Claeys van de VUB.
De meteoriet van zo’n 10 tot 20 kilometer doorsnede veroorzaakte een krater van meer dan 200 kilometer diameter. Stof, roet en steengruis kwam terecht in de atmosfeer, waardoor de plantengroei stokte en ongeveer 75 procent van alle diersoorten van de aardbodem verdween.
Bij de botsing kwam naar schatting 100 biljoen ton TNT energie vrij, zeven miljard keer meer dan bij de atoombom op Hiroshima. En toch dook al na twee tot drie jaar weer leven op in de buurt, schrijven de wetenschappers in vaktijdschrift Nature. Na 30.000 jaar had de natuur er zich helemaal hersteld, weliswaar met andere soorten dan voor de inslag.
Naar geologische en zelfs biologische normen kwam dat herstel erg snel. “Wellicht had dat onder meer te maken met de vorm van de krater”, denkt co-auteur Philippe Claeys, die aan het hoofd staat van de Analytical, Environmental &Geo-Chemistry-onderzoeksgroep (AMGC) van de VUB.
Detlev van RavenswaayZo moet de Chicxulubkrater er hebben uitgezien vrij kort na de inslag.
Enorme krater
“De inslag veroorzaakte een krater met een diameter van meer dan 200 kilometer, met centraal een puinkegel die hoger was dan de kraterwanden. Op die centrale afgevlakte kegel konden de sedimenten heel traag en regelmatig afgezet worden door de omringende zee, wat leidde tot een prachtig en zeer interessant geologisch profiel. Het is in dat profiel dat we nu microfossielen hebben aangetroffen die aangeven dat het leven zich kort na de inslag alweer in de krater aan het vestigen was. Ook in die tijd was de biodiversiteit in de Golf van Mexico, waar de Chicxulubkrater zich bevindt, al erg groot, zoals nu eigenlijk. Alleen het zeeniveau was er veel hoger dan vandaag.”
Het snelle herstel is een verrassing. De hypothese is dat het meestal veel langer duurt eer de biodiversiteit hersteld is, in de diepe oceaan zelfs tot 500.000 jaar. Bij de meteorietinslag werden naar schatting 90 procent van de dieren met een kalkskelet in de omgeving van het inslagpunt gedood, op korte termijn door de impact zelf en op langere termijn omdat de pH van het oppervlaktewater van de oceanen substantieel veranderde door zure regen, als resultaat van de grote uitstoot van zwavel in de atmosfeer.
thinkstock
Andere soorten
Toch zijn het precies de micro-organismen met kalkskelet die als eerste de krater herkoloniseerden. “We zien een omslag van de soorten: de soorten van voor de inslag komen niet of nauwelijks terug en zijn vervangen door andere soorten, die we van andere plekken op de planeet kennen. Waarschijnlijk is het snelle herstel te wijten aan verschillende gunstige factoren”, denkt Claeys. “Het ondiepe zeewater na de inslag laat er veel licht toe en de vorm van de krater zorgt voor veel beschutting. De geologische structuur, met een rustige sedimentatie, laat bovendien toe om veel micro-organismen in de boorkernen terug te vinden.”
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UFO’s probeerden bij reusachtig onderwaterobject te komen. Nieuwe schokkende details naar buiten
UFO’s probeerden bij reusachtig onderwaterobject te komen. Nieuwe schokkende details naar buiten
Er blijven details naar buiten komen over UFO’s die 14 jaar geleden voor de kust van Californië zijn waargenomen door het Amerikaanse leger.
De New York Times en Washington Post berichtten eind vorig jaar over het incident.
Uit een document dat in 2009 door het leger is opgesteld blijkt dat er meerdere interacties zijn geweest met zogeheten anomalous aerial vehicles (AAVs) oftewel UFO’s.
Voetbalveld
Deze objecten waren in staat om in enkele seconden kilometers te dalen, aldus het document.
Volgens piloten bevond zich mogelijk ook iets in het water. Eén piloot beschreef iets ter grootte van een voetbalveld.
“De onregelmatigheid had een doorsnee van 50 tot 100 meter en was cirkelvormig,” klonk het. “Het leek alsof iets heel snel onder water verdween, zoals een onderzeeër of een zinkend schip.”
Onzichtbaar
Het leek op ondiep water rond een eiland of een rif, maar toen de piloot wegvloog zag hij dat de onregelmatigheid was verdwenen en dat het water weer rustig was geworden.
Hoewel hij het object nooit heeft gezien, wordt in het document gesteld dat de onregelmatigheid kan zijn veroorzaakt door zo’n AAV, die niet kon worden gezien omdat hij gecamoufleerd was of onzichtbaar was voor het menselijk oog.
Een andere piloot zag onder het wateroppervlak een AAV die schuimende golven voortbracht, alsof het water aan de kook werd gebracht.
Belachelijk gemaakt
Een onderzeeër die in de buurt was zag niets vreemds op de radar. Als het object zich daadwerkelijk in de oceaan bevond, moet het zeer geavanceerd zijn geweest, aldus het rapport.
Een vliegbemanning die melding maakte van het incident werd belachelijk gemaakt, valt in het stuk te lezen.
In years to come, UFO researchers may look back upon the Pentagon revelations over the last year as a turning point in government disclosure. Of course, it could also likely be that these are a clever smokescreen, a ruse, or a distraction intended to mislead the public as usual. Whatever the case may be, it seems that the government is taking an interest, at least on paper, in some of the higher mysteries of our physical reality. A trove of documents obtained by CBS affiliate KLAS-TV in Las Vegas have revealed that the Pentagon’s $22 million UFO program researched not only anomalous aerial phenomenon, but warp engines, dark energies, and exploring other dimensions.
It doesn’t stop there, it seems. In a page seemingly taken out ofThe X-Filesgreatest hits, a spokesperson for one of the Pentagon-funded research programs suggests that the government took an interest in a whole range of paranormal phenomena unrelated to space travel altogether. The statement was issued by a representative of Bigelow Aerospace Advanced Space Studies (BAASS), a secretive aerospace firmheaded by conspiracy-theory-target Robert Bigelow, a recurring figure in UFO and shadowy government research lore. According to the statement, KLAS-TV reports, the research project touched upon a wide range of mysteries:
The investigations by BAASS provided new lines of evidence showing that the UFO phenomenon was a lot more than nuts and bolts machines that interacted with military aircraft. The phenomenon also involved a whole panoply of diverse activity that included bizarre creatures, poltergeist activity, invisible entities, orbs of light, animal and human injuries and much more.
The statement also says that BAASS believes “the UFO phenomenon was capable of manipulating and distorting human perception,” and that the human body can serve “as a readout system for dissecting interactions with the UFO phenomenon.” Placing the word “dissecting” alongside the human body is a bit disconcerting, but macabre wordplay aside, the statement seems to suggest that a wide range of experimental psychological or medical research on human eyewitnesses could have been involved in this project.
Do we really want to know how deep this rabbit hole goes? After all, it might go nowhere at all. Is this all a distraction intended to discredit the serious study of anomalous aerial phenomena, or might there be some truth hidden in these reports after all?
It might sound like the tagline from an old science fiction B-movie (It Came from the Ant Nebula!), but as it turns out, there really is a powerful laser beam shooting out of the distant Ant Nebula some 8,000 light-years away. Is this an attempt at intergalactic communication, or is some strange and unknown natural phenomenon afoot?
The Ant Nebula
Probably the latter. Although would we really be able to tell the two apart? The anomalous laser from the Ant Nebula was discovered by the European Space Agency (ESA) at the Herschel space observatory, one of the largest infrared telescopes in space. Recent observations conducted by Herschel have revealed an intense laser emission coming straight from the core of the nebula, and scientists aren’t quite sure exactly what is producing the beam.
There are a few extremely rare phenomena which can generate lasers inside of nebulae. Curiously, astronomer Donald Menzel was the first to suggest that lasers could be produced by nebulae in space, and Menzel also happens to be the astronomer who discovered the Ant Nebula (its official name is Menzel 3). According to Menzel’s theories, certain types of radioactive gases can accrete in dense clouds close to stars, and these gases can amplify stars’ light enough to produce beams of laser light.
Menzel 3
Dr Isabel Aleman, lead author of the new study of the Ant Nebula lasers, says the coincidence of discovering a laser coming from this particular nebula is astonishing:
We detected a very rare type of emission called hydrogen recombination laser emission, which is only produced in a narrow range of physical conditions. Such emission has only been identified in a handful of objects before and it is a happy coincidence that we detected the kind of emission that Menzel suggested, in one of the planetary nebulae that he discovered.
The Ant Nebula gets its name from the fact that it consists of two lobes of gas which resemble the head and thorax of an ant. While I’m sure there are rare examples in which lasers can be generated by clouds of radioactive gas, I just have to wonder: if this was an alien race’s attempt at communication, would we even know it? What might the horrible ant creatures of the Ant Nebula be trying to tell us?
Haruya Ido, who has been dubbed as the ‘UFO Boy’, is a teenager in Japan who seems to have some amazing psychic skills.
UFO researcher, Toshitaro Yamaguchi, who discovered Ido, told the Japanese media that the young man has the ability to communicate with UFOs via telepathy, where a UFO will be and, in turn photograph the object.
Backing up the UFO researcher's assertion are four images of unidentified flying objects which were taken by Ido from different locations in Japan over the course of the last year.
The UFOs in the images are not spectacular but if they were truly all captured by Ido, it does make one wonder if there is a connection between the boy and the UFOs.
The veteran UFO researcher likened Ido's ability to "shamanism" but also said that such 'UFO boys' are not altogether rare phenomenon as, in the past, other youngsters have been said to boast the same ability to communicate with UFOs; characteristic of Indigo children or Star Children.
Shamanism is a practice that involves a practitioner reaching altered states of consciousness in order to perceive and interact with a spirit world and channel these transcendental energies into this world
Out of Place Hemisphere Anomaly on Mars Rover Photo
Out of Place Hemisphere Anomaly on Mars Rover Photo
A photograph taken by the Opportunity Mars Rover shows an object like half of a sphere and it looks like it is floating.
The object looks out of place and seems to be reflecting the immediate surroundings. I don’t know what it is, but if it is a rock then it is certainly very unusual in shape.
Given the clear markings of the top soil it appears the rover spent a fair amount of time excavating the general area around the object before the image of the object was taken.
Learn how you can easily spot fake CGI UFO videos. During this live stream Lions Ground shows through several recreations what the most common recognition points are.
Bob Lazar made Area 51 famous with his claims that he worked on a project to back engineer alien spacecraft at a location called S4 near the secretive Area 51 base. For decades after Lazar’s claims were well-known, the government denied the existence of Area 51 until finally conceding its existence 4 years ago. This entire time, Lazar has stayed off the radar and few have heard a word from him. He appeared once at the International UFO Congress but again has kept to himself. Fortunately, one filmmaker has been allowed access to extensively interview Lazar. Filmmaker Jeremy Corbell won an EBE Filmfest Award for his short documentary on Bob Lazar, and now he is completing a full-length version that will be out in December. He has provided us this early look into the secret life of Bob Lazar.
This sneak peak’s description reads: Area 51, flying saucers from another world – and the program to create a fierce technology. Bob Lazar has lived a wild life. He remains the singular most famous and controversial name in the world of UFOs. The reason you know about Area 51 is because Lazar came forward and told you about it. His disclosures have turned his life upside-down and he has tried to stay out of the spotlight. For this reason, he has never let any filmmaker into the private world of his daily life – that is – until now. Corbell’s film will explore Lazar’s claims through the lens of thirty years – providing rare and never before revealed footage – guaranteed to alter the landscape of the debate.
AETHER—THE PURE ESSENCE THAT THE GODS BREATHE, AND THE FIFTH COSMIC ELEMENT
AETHER—THE PURE ESSENCE THAT THE GODS BREATHE, AND THE FIFTH COSMIC ELEMENT
It was believed in ancient and medieval times that aether, also commonly spelled ether, was a mysterious material that filled the region of the cosmos above the terrestrial sphere.
It was a mysterious element, and the concept of ether was used to describe a number of natural phenomena, including light and how it traveled, as well as gravity.
What Is Aether, The Legendary Fifth Element?
It was believed in the past that aether was one of the primordial elements of the cosmos. In fact, in the late nineteenth century, scientists postulated that aether permeated all throughout space, allowing a medium through which light traveled in the vacuum.
However, later experiments failed to prove this.
In ancient Greek mythology, Ether was referred to as the pure essence that the gods breathed, filling the space where they lived, analogous to the air breathed by mortals.
Plato makes mention of Aether in his work as well.
If we take a look at Timaeus—where Plato mentions the existence of Atlantis—the Greek philosopher speaks about air and explains that “there is the most translucent kind which is called by the name of aether (αίθηρ)”
The term appears both in Aristotelian physics and in the old electromagnetic theory of the late nineteenth century.
For Aristotle (384-322 BC) the ether was the material of which the so-called supralunar world was composed, while the sublunary world is made up of the known four elements: earth, water, air, and fire.
Unlike these, ether was, for Aristotle, a more subtle and lighter element, more perfect than the other four (Aristotle’s physics is qualitative, rather than quantitative) and, above all, its natural movement is circular, unlike the natural movement of the other four, which is rectilinear.
The element was also mentioned in Ancient Hindu philosophy.
In India, the ether is known as akasha. In Sankhya cosmology, the pañcha mahā bhūta (five main elements) is spoken of, each one eight times more subtle than the previous one: Earth (bhumi) Water (apu). Fire (agní). Air (vāyu). Ether (ākāśa). Samkhya or Sankhya is one of the six āstikaschools of Hindu philosophy, mostly related to the Yoga school of Hinduism.
Nikola Tesla, one of the greatest minds to ever live on Earth, also made reference to Aether saying: “All matter comes from a primary substance, the luminiferous ether”.
It was widely disseminated in China and India, where it forms the basis of both Buddhism and Hinduism.
During the Middle Ages the term aether, precisely because it is the fifth material element recognized by Aristotle, began to be called the fifth element, or also qüinta essentia, from which comes the expression quintessence (used in the current cosmology to refer to dark energy).
Aether was also heavily connected to Gravitation.
In fact, it was used in one of Sir Isaac Newton’s first published theories of gravitation, called the Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (the Principia). In his work, Sir Isaac Newton based the entire description of planetary motion on a theoretical law of dynamic interactions. As noted in “Newton’s views on Aether and Gravitation,” Newton renounced standing attempts at accounting for this particular form of interaction between distant bodies by introducing a mechanism of propagation through an intervening medium and called this intervening medium the Aether.
In addition, Newton describes aether as a medium that “flows” continually downward toward the Earth’s surface and is partially absorbed and partially diffused. This “circulation” of aether is what he associated the force of gravity with to help explain the action of gravity in a non-mechanical fashion.
Leave it to Richard Branson to find motivation to go to the gym in traveling to space. On Tuesday, a ship from Brason’s space flight company, Virgin Galactic, achieved supersonic speed in a test run for the second time. To Branson, that means the first passenger flight to the edge of the atmosphere is coming soon. He plans to be aboard, and has been cycling and playing tennis to prepare, as he told the Washington Post.
Branson’s exercise regimen might seem a bit premature. But the truth is that future space tourists will need to be fit enough to handle space, too.
Ripping through the atmosphere at twice the speed of sound, as Virgin Galactic plans to, puts a lot of pressure on the body. Zero gravity does the exact opposite. According to NASA, without gravity’s constant pressure, young, healthy astronauts lose bone density. And they lose it fast — 12 times faster in space than elderly adults do on Earth — making their bones very brittle, risking breaks when they’re back on their home planet. Since it takes no effort to move around in space, muscles —including your heart — don’t have to work as hard, so they weaken.
To counteract those and a bunch of other health effects, NASA puts their recruits through workouts before, during, and after space flight. They won’t even work with candidates if they don’t meet fitness requirements. NASA only considers applicants with blood pressure under 140/90 (just two thirds of Americans have blood pressure that low). Within the first month of training, candidates have to swim 75 meters without stopping, and then swim that distance again, but in 280-pound flight suit and shoes. It’s a delicate balance however, because astronauts can’t be too ripped — the European Space Agency (ESA) says that overly-muscular individuals could actually have problems in space (though they don’t explain why), so the agency’s training regimens aim to put trainees in better shape than most people their age.
Both NASA and ESA have stricter health protocols than anything commercial operations are likely to have. According to Bloomberg, George Nield, the associate administrator for commercial space transportation at the Federal Aviation Administration said at the 2017 Space Commerce Conference, “It’s really up to the company for what kind of screening they want to have.” And it’s possible private space flight companies won’t be too particular about medical standards for passengers. The brands have stayed pretty mute on the topic so far: only SpaceX mentioned the need for Dragon’s crew to pass fitness standards.
Even if Branson’s company hasn’t communicated health requirements to customers with pre-purchased tickets, he’s clearly taking fitness for space travel seriously (he is also twice the age of the ESA’s ideal candidate). We all might have a while to train — the billionaire has been saying the maiden voyage is “18 months away” for a literal decade. With all that tennis training, he might get to the U.S. Open before he gets to the edge of space.
Recently Released Document Details 2004 USS Nimitz UFO Encounter
Recently Released Document Details 2004 USS Nimitz UFO Encounter
The UFO that evaded Navy fighter jets in 2004.
The discovery late last year of a secret Pentagon UFO program that ran from 2007 to 2012 brought to light an incident between two Navy F/A-18F fighter jets and an unidentified flying object in 2004. The fighter jets encountered the UFO while stationed aboard the aircraft carrier USS Nimitz off of the coast of San Diego, California, and the event was recorded by the jets' forward facing targeting cameras.
While the video was released months ago, details of the encounter have been scant; at least until recently.
Journalist George Knapp reported earlier this month that he was able to acquire an in-depth government report of the incident "prepared by and for the military."
According to the report, between approximately November 10-16, 2004, as the Nimitz Carrier Strike Group (CSG) was preparing for deployment, the USS Princeton "on several occasions detected multiple Anomalous Aerial Vehicles (AAVs) operating in and around the vicinity of the CSG."
These AAVs would perform maneuvers unlike any with which the military pilots were familiar, including descending from "approximately 60,000 feet down to approximately 50 feet in a matter of seconds."
"[The objects] would then hover or stay stationary on the radar for a short time and depart at high velocities and turn rates," stated the document.
The craft that appeared on the above video was reported to be "an elongated egg or a 'Tic Tac' shape with a discernible midline horizontal axis," and was "solid white, smooth, with no edges...uniformly colored with no nacelles, pylons, or wings."
The report listed the object's size as approximately 46 feet in length.
Knapp stated that the document was obtained during a trip to Washington D.C. earlier this year.
"Earlier this year, we made a whirlwind trip to Washington for a debriefing arranged by former Senator Harry Reid," Knapp said. "While in D.C., [we] obtained copies of unclassified documents related to the UFO encounters, including the [above incident]."
According to Knapp, the document has been verified as authentic, despite lacking a date or any official seal marking it as a military document.
"The analysis report is not dated and has no logo, but four separate people who are familiar with its contents confirmed to [us] it is the real deal and was written as part of a Pentagon program," he said.
The full document Knapp received is available to be viewedhere, although the names of the pilots involved have been redacted.
Dr. Jacques Vallee’s presentation for Contact in the Desert 2017 has just been uploaded to Youtube. Here’s your chance to listen him describe the things he’s uncovered over the years by analyzing metal samples allegedly ejected by UFOs, which have been recovered all around the world, and how the chemical composition of these materials seriously challenge all of our preconceptions with regards to the popularly-assumed extraterrestrial nature of these objects:
The 3 most relevant points to be extracted from this presentation are:
Some of these metal materials are seen to contain trace levels of elements (and isotope of said elements) which no man-made or terrestrial metals would be expected to contain. Are these contaminants or purposefully introduced (i.e. engineered)?
The technical analysis needs to be expanded through the use of several instruments to arrive at more precise composition levels –no analysis from a single instrument or method is fully reliable.
An aggressive program or search for additional samples needs to be conducted in order to reach a general picture of the entire problem.
These are very important aspects to consider, because in the end Vallee is being very frank about the stage in which this kind of research currently finds itself, which is one of total ignorance with regards to WHY the isotopic ratio of these metal alloys would be so different from regular terrestrial samples, or even samples of known extraterrestrial origin (e.g. a meteorite). Does it have to do with the propulsion system of the craft, possible stealth capabilities or the way the metal would handle extreme conditions like radiation or anti-gravity conditions? He and his colleagues just don’t know. They are only certain of one thing, and that is that with our current state of technology in the XXIst century –and bear in mind some of these samples were retrieved in the 1950s– it would cost trillions of dollars just to produce 1 cubic centimeter of metal, re-engineered with the kind of isotopic levels they have observed in the lab, because it would mean artificially separating the isotopes and recombining them to different ratios.
“Unless somebody has an absolutely magical technology to do that”, as he concludes, such a feat would be virtually impossible. Of course, to someone like me the mention of ‘magical technology’ and ‘impossible metal compositions’ inevitably leads me to one of the most ancient scientific tradition of mankind: Alchemy.
Dr. Vallee explained his ulterior motive for giving this presentation –as well as going into radio and podcast interviews like the one I was a part of last year— is so he can get his hands on many more sample materials, which presumably are in the hands of anonymous close encounter witnesses, UFO researchers or their descendants. He also refers to the (in)famous Roswell crash and how he doesn’t have any access to the materials from those type of cases, which might or might not have been retrieved by the government. This made me think of Diana Walsh Pasulka’s upcoming book American Cosmic, in which she describes how she was approached by anonymous higher-ups in the tech/private industry who took her to an alleged crash site of a UFO on some undisclosed location in New Mexico; Diana is a social scientist and has not engineering background, so why is it that these people don’t contact someone like Vallee first, and take him to see these UFO samples instead??
Oh, and another thing I found curious: Right at the beginning of the video and before jumping into the meat of his exposition, Vallee briefly mentions the ‘rumors’ regarding how the government has given these type of materials to “some aerospace company.” Given how this presentation was given in June of 2017, which was 4 monthsbefore the launch of Tom Delonge’s TTS/AAS initiative –and 6 months beforethe surprising revelation of the Pentagon UFO program by the New York Times, in which Robert Bigelow’s involvement was acknowledged— one wonders if Dr. Vallee had one particular ‘aerospace company’ in mind when he made that cryptic comment…
[UPDATE]: Somebody over Twitter brought to my attention this interview with Dr. Garry Nolan, who is a Professor of Microbiology & Immunology at Stanford University, and also a member of the advisory board for the To The Stars Academy.
Before that, Dr. Nolan was involved in Dr. Steven Greer’s Sirius Project and was in charge with the DNA study of the controversial ‘Ata’ mummy, which eventually confirmed it was nothing but a human fetus suffering from a number of genetic malformations –most likely an illegal abortion.
In this Q&A session Nolan confirms he has collaborated with Vallee on the isotope study of the alleged UFO metal samples, which he calls ‘meta-materials’:
People interested in understanding the reality of what’s going on with these metamaterials (so-called alloys) need to understand this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotope . There are 253 isotopes that do not undergo radioactive decay in any reasonable time frame. This page has a table of nuclides where the grey boxes denote the 253 stable isotopes. Some elements, such as aluminum, have only 1 stable isotope. Titanium and nickel each have 5 stable isotopes. Tin (Sn) has eight! There are natural ratios of these isotopes that are largely governed by stellar decay processes, centrifugal forces (solar and other) during planetary formation, and proximity to gamma and other radiation sources. The ratios vary only slightly (maximum a couple percent) across a solar system. Significant variations in isotope ratios imply either engineering of the ratios for a purpose, or that the materials came from somewhere that does not “play by our rules”.
This is an interest addition to the To the Stars puzzle, since it confirms that people involved with TTS/AAS have been directly involved with Vallee’s efforts to study these materials. However, it does NOT necessarily mean Vallee himself is associated with DeLonge; for starters on numerous occasions Jacques has emphatically denied any involvement with To the Stars –and I for one I’m willing to take his word for it. I think the answer is simply that one of Dr. Vallee’s previous collaborator in the study of the UFO samples was professor Peter Sturrock –whom he mentioned on his CITD presentation and was an eminent physicist working at Stanford– and after Sturrock retired perhaps he referred Vallee to Nolan, a young colleague from the same university with a shared interest in the UFO phenomenon.
In 2016, an animated Neil deGrasse Tyson ate a bowl of pasta on the Cartoon Network’s Regular Show to illustrate what it looks like when a “spaghettified” star gets sucked into a supermassive black hole. It was not the most accurate depiction of what astrophysicists call a “tidal disruption event,” but it did capture the powerful, slurping horror of the black hole’s event horizon. A far more scientific description of the same event is described in an Astrophysical Journal Letters article, published Wednesday.
The scientists who wrote the paper, led by University of Copenhagen astrophysicist Lixin Dai, Ph.D., reveal what actually happens to a star as it gets devoured by a black hole using a new, “unified” computer model. Astrophysicists have plenty of data about black holes — observations about X-ray emissions, visible light, gas, and UV rays — but the new model is one of the first to put all of those pieces together in a consistent way. Having a model like this is important because, as the authors point out, our snapshots of black holes are not always taken from the ideal angle — and there’s often more to those pictures than meets the eye. Now they can feed data into the model to uncover the details they can’t see.
As the model came together, it became very clear that supermassive black holes eat stars in a fairly predictable way. Through the model-generated diagram below, the authors of the paper explain what actually happens to the star as it approaches the black hole’s “event horizon,” which is essentially the edge of its gaping maw. The black hole is shown as a black hole.
Here's what it actually looks like when a star gets eaten by a black hole.
First, the star begins disintegrating into a disk of debris called an “accretion disk” because the black hole’s gravitational field is so strong. The black hole eats up all the debris (the slim part of the orange-yellow gradient), and once that debris enters the black hole, it gets “spaghettified” — stretched vertically and compressed horizontally into noodle-y streams of atoms — and slurped up.
However, the black hole can become “overfed,” so some stellar debris hangs out around the mouth of the black hole, not unlike crumbs left over on a facial beard (the fat part of the disk). These crumbs are important, because they’re what we can see from Earth: The process of getting sucked up is a hot one, and as the debris heats up, it emits light and radiation (shown as a double-headed arrow in the image), which we can detect from Earth. Now, even though our snapshots of black holes might show us only some of that crumb radiation, we can use the model to understand how big the mess actually is.
The red flare represents infrared radiation coming from the "crumbs' leftover from a black hole's star-filled meal.
As theoretical astrophysicist Katie Mack, Ph.D. recently explained on the InversepodcastI Need My Space, black holes are indeed messy eaters. “[Stars] do fall into black holes sometimes and get ripped apart,” she said. “And we can see like bursts of radiation from the vicinity of black holes sometimes from stars being disrupted as they’re falling into black holes. It’s just really neat.”
In a statement released Wednesday, the University of Copenhagen’s Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz, Ph.D., a co-author on the new study, explained why it’s so important that the model can help us visualize a black hole from all sides. “It is like there is a veil that covers part of a beast,” he said. “From some angles we see an exposed beast, but from other angles we see a covered beast. The beast is the same, but our perceptions are different.”
These beasts, as we’ve long known, are hungry ones. And thanks to the new model, we have a better idea of what black holes look like while they’re eating, making them far easier to hunt.
NASA KEPLER MISSION ASTRONOMER WARNS: "EXTRATERRESTRIAL CONTACT COULD END LIFE ON EARTH"
NASA KEPLER MISSION ASTRONOMER WARNS: "EXTRATERRESTRIAL CONTACT COULD END LIFE ON EARTH"
If technologically-advanced alien civilizations are indeed out there, would they be friendly explorers, or destroyers of worlds? According to prominent astrophysicist Lucianne Walkowicz, who works on NASA's Kepler mission, making contact could be catastrophic for the human race: "There's a possibility that if we actively message, with the intention of getting the attention of an intelligent civilization, that the civilization we contact would not necessarily have our best interests in mind."
Now, thanks both to space-based projects like NASA's Kepler Mission, as well as research teams searching with Earth-bound telescopes (such as the one that recently discovered a planet orbiting our neighbor star, Proxima Centauri)," Walkowicz, an astronomer at the Adler Planetarium in Chicago who studies stellar magnetic activity and its influence on planetary habitability using data from NASA's Kepler Mission. wrote in the Scientific American blog, "we know that the Galaxy is awash in planets. There are so many planets, in fact, that when you gaze into the night sky, each star is likely the sun of another world. By and large, these planets are worlds roughly the size of Earth-- a tantalizing hint that, while we have yet to find life elsewhere, the potential real estate abounds."
About the recently discover planet Proxima b orbiting our closest neighboring star, she writes: "We have an example of the kind of environment that might be typical: one lit mostly by soft, infrared light, but also zapped frequently by high energy radiation. Let me tell you: if you ever want to make a room full of Department of Defense employees laugh nervously, tell them the nearest life to Earth might be radiation-hardened aliens who have naturally evolved infrared heat vision." The Kepler astronomer's favorite thought experiment is to "consider the implications of challenging planetary environments on our chances for recognizing— or communicating with— intelligent life beyond our own world. I imagine a universe filled with rocky planets around little red stars, and on days I'm feeling optimistic, I imagine the atmospheres of these worlds have survived. Global oceans protect surface life from the vagaries of stellar irradiation, and intelligent (even technologically advanced) life might be more akin to the dolphins of our own planet. What would the relationship of this underwater life be to the sky, and to its place in space?"
Walkowicz learned to love the dark stellar denizens of our galaxy, the red dwarfs, which became the topic of her PhD dissertation at University of Washington. Today, she works on NASA’s Kepler mission, studying starspots and the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares to understand stellar magnetic fields. She is particularly interested in how the high energy radiation from stars influences the habitability of planets around alien suns. Lucianne is also a leader in the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, a new project that will scan the sky every night for 10 years to create a huge cosmic movie of our Universe. "It could be something that ends life on Earth, Walkowitz concludes, "and it might be something that accelerates the ability to live quality lives on Earth. We have no way of knowing." But our current searches for intelligent life have pressed onward with only limited time and funding, searching for a relatively conscribed set of specific signals. "While scientists are often loathe to say that we live in a special time," she observed, "in some sense we do: we stand at the dawn of knowing that the universe teems with worlds, but not yet knowing if we are alone. At this moment, we must be keenly cognizant of how far we have to go. Otherwise, our assumptions about the completeness of our search, the universality (or not) of the values we hold, and our inability to communicate even with species we share the same swimming space with, will blind us to the possibilities— and limitations— of what we might come to know about life in the universe."
• An unnamed man related an encounter he had at the beach in Batumi, Georgia on the Black Sea. He was walking along the shoreline when he noticed a saucer-shaped craft under the water. It surfaced and hovered over the water. Then ‘a light’ from the craft pulled him inside the spacecraft where he met tall Grey extraterrestrial beings who spoke to him in English. Among the gadgets and displays on the craft’s console were images of a shark and an octopus. He was told that the Greys take our animals for cloning on their planet.
• The man says that these ETs are living deep under the Earth’s oceans, exploring the sea life and researching how to introduce water to their planet. The tall Grey said that Earth governments are aware of their presence here and that they have provided Earth officials with certain technologies.
• The man was shown the tall Grey’s desert planet through virtual reality goggles. The planet is highly developed with skyscrapers and many craft flying in the sky. The Grey’s planet is one-third the size of the earth with a green sky, a 50-hour long day/night cycle, and one billion inhabitants. Their individual life expectancy is 2000 years. Suddenly the man found himself standing back on the beach again.
• [Editor’s Note] See below 7:46 minute Apex channel video. Dubious but nevertheless interesting.
Conspiracy theory channel ‘Paranormal Elite’ has released a new video, showing a self-proclaimed alien abductee sharing his experiences of meeting extraterrestrial life forms. The man whose name has been kept under the wraps assures that he was abducted by aliens, was inside a UFO spaceship face-to-face with extraterrestrial entities. He also made it clear that aliens are living with us, but most of the time, they will be hidden in the depths of oceans.
According to the alien abductee, this bizarre incident of alien abduction took place when he was on a beach.
“I went to a beach and took off my shoes and started to walk in the water. Suddenly I noticed a light which was shining deep from the water. And I saw something huge coming from the sea. I was later pulled inside a saucer-shaped spaceship,” said the alien abductee in the video.
The alien abductee revealed that these aliens are living underwater, and they are exploring and understanding our oceans.
“I was strong. But I couldn’t even breathe. I was speechless looking at a huge, flat ellipse machine. It was levitating on the water and I felt a light coming from the machine grab me from the ground and took me to the spaceship. When I was inside it, plenty of gadgets and different displays were there. I found pictures of sharks and octopuses, and I believe they are exploring and understanding our oceans,” added the alien abductee.
The testimonial of this unknown man has apparently convinced some."Sounds pretty accurate," commented a YouTube user named Shadow Elite 1.
Another YouTube user 'Something Remarkable' commented that he believes in the words of this alien abductee.
However, another user Anshu Pandey remained skeptical and asked how many days has this man spent to frame fictitious stories like these.
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NEW GEOGLYPHS DISCOVERED IN PERU ARE OLDER THAN THE NAZCA LINES
NEW GEOGLYPHS DISCOVERED IN PERU ARE OLDER THAN THE NAZCA LINES
Lesser known than the Nazca Lines, the emblematic Palpa Lines are much older and are located in an area that was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1994.
The hillsides of Palpa in Peru were intricately decorated by pre-Columbian civilizations, which drew thousands of geoglyphs in the area: and recently, five of them have been recovered by experts.
The Palpa Lines are older than the Nazca lines.
Since November of 2017, a group of archaeologists from the Decentralized Directorate of Culture of Ica has been busy returning the splendor to the mythical geoglyphs that in recent years had been vandalized by those who walked near or on the hillsides, destroying ancient art that dates back thousands of years, reports El Comercio.
“We continue to find more geoglyphs, which reveals that this whole area was a great ‘loom’ in which the Paracas have been drawing on the desert hillsides throughout thousands of years,” said the Minister of Culture of Peru, Patricia Balbuena, who recently visited more than 50 new lines that have been discovered by experts.
Unlike the Nazca lines, you can see the Palpa lines without the need to be in the air
One of the advantages of the Palpa Lines is that many of the ancient geoglyphs can be seen without the need to fly over them, as with the Nazca Lines.
However, for the registration process, the scientists used drones that recorded images from thirty meters above the lines.
The Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, National Geographic and the Sustainable Preservation Initiative (SPI) facilitated the exploration equipment used by the specialists of the Management System for the Cultural Heritage of Nazca and Palpa.
According to the archaeologist Johny Isla Cuadrado, it is one of the “most complete” documentation carried out in the area.
Ancient geoglyphs, older than the Nazca lines
Seen here is an aerial image of one of the geoglyphs discovered in Palpa, near the Nazca lines.
It is presumed that the Palpa Lines were made by the cultures of Paracas and Topará between 500 BC and the beginning of our era, which makes them much older than the Nazca Lines, which were made between the beginning of this era and 650 AD.
The recent discovery is good news for the tourism industry of the country, which welcomes thousands of tourists which travel to Peru eagerly to finally see the Nazca lines up and close.
Now, with the Palpa Lines, the possibilities of developing the sector are even wider.
“Since we finished the restoration of the Pala Lines, more planes arrive to fly over this area. The airlines are offering wider overflights,” Isla told El Comercio.
However, the Ministry of Culture has emphasized the need to respect the rules for the observation of Peru’s heritage and has ordered to reinforce the custody in the archaeological zone to prevent its depredation.
“We knew about the Nazca people, but we did not know that the Paracas, 500 years before them, had worked in this area.”
“Many of the discovered figures were hidden, covered and at risk because the place was used by motorcycle taxi drivers to cross the Pan-American highway,” said Minister Balbuena, quoted by the newspaper La República.
Experts say that the Palpa lines show anthropomorphic and figurative features: an orca, a monkey, a dancer, a pelican.
This fact has awakened the interest of the scientists to determine what use they had for the pre-Columbian civilizations, considering that it is believed that the geometric forms embodied in Nazca were an offering to the gods for the rains in the desert area.
ARCHAEOLOGISTS MAKE STUNNING DISCOVERY IN POMPEII, UNCOVERING A PLETHORA OF FRESCOES
ARCHAEOLOGISTS MAKE STUNNING DISCOVERY IN POMPEII, UNCOVERING A PLETHORA OF FRESCOES
270 years since the remains of the ancient city of Pompeii were first discovered, archaeologists continue to make incredible discoveries that help understand the history and faith of an ancient city devoured by a Volcanic eruption.
Pompeii was a city of Ancient Rome located along with Herculaneum and other smaller places in the region of Campania, near the modern city of Naples.
It was mostly destroyed and buried under 4 to 6 m (13 to 20 ft) of volcanic ash and pumice in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79. Its inhabitants died due to the pyroclastic flow. In its vicinity rises the modern city of Pompeii.
Archaeologists believe that the town was founded in the 7th or 6th century BC by the Osci or Oscans. It was ruled by Rome in the 4th century BC and was conquered and became a Roman colony in 80 BC after it joined an unsuccessful rebellion against the Roman Republic.
By the time of its destruction, 160 years later, its population was estimated at 11,000 people, and the city had a complex water system, an Amphitheatre, a gymnasium, and a port.
Now, we are seeing more news about Pompeii than ever before.
Current archaeological excavations in Regio V, in the northern area of the Archaeological Park of Pompeii, the most important in an unexplored area of the ancient city since the postwar period, have brought to light a new wonder: the House of the Dolphins, an elegant Pompeian residence with brightly colored frescoes, which resisted the violent eruption of Vesuvius in the summer of 79 AD. The House of Dolphins probably belonged to an upper-class Roman family in ancient Pompeii.
The House of Dolphins was discovered just a few days after an alleyway of grand houses with mostly intact balconies was found by archaeologists nearby.
Earlier this months, a number of newspapers reported that in the northern parts of Pompeii, archaeologists were working on excavating an entirely new area of the city that had never before been studied.
Using lasers and drones, experts explained that they were hopeful that these modern tools would help them reconstruct the Regio V area so that tourists in the near future could explore it.
Regio V is one of the most densely urbanized areas of Pompeii, currently subject to the excavation and study of archaeologists.
In addition to discovering a number of Dolphin drawings, the house’s frescoes also show several other fish and a number of birds, including a peacock, a partridge, and a parrot.
Deer and mythical creatures are also depicted, making the ‘house of Dolphins’ a unique and refreshing discovery at Pompeii.
Today, Pompeii is one of the most popular attractions for visitors to Italy and has UNESCO World Heritage status.
Images by:Sergio Siano/Archaeological site of Pompeii.
NASA’s melted camera became a social media phenomenon last week. Here’s the story behind the picture.
NASA photographer Bill Ingalls’s camera after it was caught in brushfire caused by the launch of the NASA/German GRACE-FO from Vandenberg Air Force Base on May 22, 2018.
On May 22, 2018, NASA photographer Bill Ingalls, who has has been shooting for the agency for 30 years, set up cameras near the SpaceX rocket launchpad at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California. The remote cameras are designed to automatically snap images when they detect the thunderous roar of the rocket blasting off.
I had six remotes, two outside the launch pad safety perimeter and four inside. Unfortunately, the launch started a grass fire that toasted one of the cameras outside the perimeter.
NASA photographer Bill Ingalls’s remote camera setup before the NASA/German GRACE-FO launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base on May 22, 2018.
Once the fire reached the camera, the body started to melt. When Ingalls returned to the site, firefighters were waiting to greet him. Even though the camera was destroyed, Ingalls forced it open to see if its memory card could be salvaged. It could, and here’s what it showed:
Images of a brushfire approaching, then destroying, a remote camera set up to photograph the NASA/German GRACE-FO launch on May 22, 2018.
Ironically, the four cameras set up inside the perimeter were undamaged, as was the other remote. The damaged camera was one of the farthest from the pad, a quarter of a mile (.4 km) away.
The “toasty” camera, as Ingalls calls it, is probably headed for display somewhere at NASA Headquarters in Washington, DC.
This UFO was filmed on the 27th of May, 2018. It was filmed in Bolzano, Italy. The object was moving along side the mountain ridge, but it did not make any sound. Somebody staying in a nearby hotel got up early in the morning and was able to shoot this amazing footage.
US Government Just Admitted To Recovering Materials From UFOs
US Government Just Admitted To Recovering Materials From UFOs
The former Canadian defense minister has just revealed that the government in the USA knew that aliens had visited Earth to give a warning about where the planet was heading along with offering to help. However, the government issued a “shoot first and ask questions later” order as the aliens were seen as a threat.
Aliens Have Been Visiting Earth For Decades
The official quote was “Decades ago, visitors from other planets warned us about where we were headed and offered to help. But instead, we, or at least some of us, interpreted their visits as a threat, and decided to shoot first and ask questions after.”
The fact that there has been official disclosure of UFOs is huge but then researchers of the phenomenon have said that they saw it coming. It was said that they had experienced campaigns of ridicule and secrecy about the phenomenon for many years. The government has been responsible for the many foolish articles that appeared constantly in publications, articles that were ridiculed, when in fact, the topic of those articles does actually exist and the government knew about it.
Today those who believe in UFOs are not ridiculed as much as they used to be. This should have raised some eyebrows as it is not very often that mainstream media will share the truth, more so when the subject it one of the most secretive in the world.
Mainstream Media is Controlled By A Small Group of People
Most of the mainstream media is under the control of a small group of people and it has been made abundantly clear that through declassified documents and whistleblowers. The intelligence agencies enjoy a relationship that is very close with just about every major wire service, TV network and newspaper and this has ensured that some of the intelligence failure stories have become intelligence success stories, along with helping to determine the accuracy of many others.
Amber Lyon, Sharyl Attkisson, and Dr. Udo Ulfkotte along with others, have given numerous examples of just what it is like to work in a media organization dominated by the government and deep state interests. This is one of the reasons why mainstream UFO disclosure has been questionable.
Military Said Objects in Our Atmosphere Are Technically More Advanced Than Anything on Earth
UFO phenomenon has been obvious to those who looked into it when taken from the research perspective. There has been a lot of research to show that UFOs are in fact real and the Former Chairman of the NATO Military Committee, Admiral Hill Norton, said that objects in the atmosphere have been seen which are technically more advanced than anything they could deploy.
The MK-Ultra program was hidden away from the public for many years until evidence of it became blatantly obvious the government had no other choice but to disclose it. The same thing is now happening with UFOs. There have been numerous witness testimonies that have been credible along with documents that have been released through the Freedom of Information Act. Now the Pentagon has admitted to there being a UFO program does this mean that UFOs have finally being disclosed. Could it simply be a clever way to release information to conceal information that is even more important?
Is The Government Still Hiding Something?
Historian Richard Dolan, who is one of the most prominent UFO thinkers and researchers, said, “Why is the mainstream covering this story the way they are? I have been saying for years that the mainstream media, the establishment media, will never cover the UFO subject in a serious way that is until they would be absolutely pushed to the wall and then do something…So the question is, what is going on here? If they are the voice of the establishment (mainstream media), then why have the establishment elected to put this story out? “
“I’m not aware of any effort within the established media to follow up on this (pieces of the UFOs) and to find out…where this comes from…I mean nothing…So, it’s five months later, and we’re clearly not dealing with a serious effort by the mainstream media, for that reason alone…I have had information now, from a very good source, that, what they’ve recovered aren’t metal alloys, that they’re being described as meta-materials…a very different thing….The individual that I spoke with, about where did that phrase metal alloy come, did it come Luis Elizondo I was told no it did not come from him.” – Richard Dolan
Richard explained further and said that it could be a small tidbit of the truth, which the government wants us to believe, is the whole truth. It does bring some key things that the mainstream media seems to have ignored about the recent disclosure of UFOs. Dolan said, “The best way to keep a secret is you pretend to share it, you give some information out, some genuine information, which they did, there were some significant revelations here, significant admissions, and much that was not followed up.”
He went on to make an important point, there has not been any follow up about the alleged possession of materials that were recovered from the UFO. Dr. Edgar Mitchell and Apollo 14 astronaut said, “Yes there has been crashed craft, and bodies recovered. We are not alone in the universe; they have been coming here for a long time. I happen to be privileged enough to be in on the fact that we have been visited on this planet, and the UFO phenomenon is real.”
Alloys Collected From Crashed UFO Had Amazing Properties
Apparently, alloys were collected from the crashed UFO and studied by scientists and they revealed that it was a compound they did not recognize and it had amazing properties. The material was said to have strange isotopic values, which gave an indication that it did not come from Earth.
A statement from former special assistant to the Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, Victor Marchetti, does not seem to hold any truth anymore. He said, “We have, indeed, been contacted — perhaps even visited — by extra-terrestrial beings, and the US government, in collusion with the other national powers of the Earth, is determined to keep this information from the general public.”
It seems that finally, the truth has been revealed and the public has confirmation of something they believed to be true all along.
Listen to this interesting podcast with Richard Lawrence, Secretary of The Aetherius Society in Europe, discussing the disinformation on the UFO phenomena:
Said to have authored the Hermetic Corpus, a series of sacred texts that are the basis of Hermeticism, Hermes Trismegistus is a name shrouded in mystery.
Many authors associate him with the Greek God Hermes, as well as the Egyptian God Thoth. Thoth, for example, was heavily associated with knowledge. In Egyptian mythology, Toth plaid a crucial role in maintaining order in the cosmos. Thoth was heavily associated with magic, writing, and the development of science.
In ancient Greek mythology, Hermes was referred to as the God of Religion and mythology. He was often portrayed as the emissary and messenger of the Gods. Hermes is identified with the Roman god Mercury.
An Egyptian Link
Hermes Trismegistus is often mentioned in occult literature as an Egyptian sage, parallel to the god Toth who created alchemy and developed a system of metaphysical beliefs that are today known as hermeticism.
For a number of medieval thinkers, Hermes Trismegistus was a pagan prophet who announced the advent of Christianity.
Corpus Hermeticum: first Latin edition, by Marsilio Ficino, 1471 AD, an edition which belonged formerly to the Bibliotheca Philosophica Hermetica, Amsterdam. Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons.
Emerald Tablet and Sir Isaac Newton
Alchemy studies have been heavily linked to him, as well as the Emerald Tablet- which has even been translated from Latin into English by Isaac Newton.
This is the translation of the Emerald Tablet by Isaac Newton. It was discovered among his alchemical papers that are currently housed in King’s College Library, Cambridge University.
Tis true without lying, certain & most true. That which is below is like that which is above & that which is above is like that which is below to do the miracles of one only thing And as all things have been & arose from one by the mediation of one: so all things have their birth from this one thing by adaptation. The Sun is its father, the moon its mother, the wind hath carried it in its belly, the earth is its nurse. The father of all perfection in the whole world is here. Its force or power is entire if it be converted into earth. Separate thou the earth from the fire, the subtle from the gross sweetly with great industry. It ascends from the earth to the heaven & again it descends to the earth & receives the force of things superior & inferior. By this means you shall have the glory of the whole world & thereby all obscurity shall fly from you. Its force is above all force. For it vanquishes every subtle thing & penetrates every solid thing. So was the world created. From this are & do come admirable adaptations whereof the means (or process) is here in this. Hence I am called Hermes Trismegist, having the three parts of the philosophy of the whole world That which I have said of the operation of the Sun is accomplished & ended.
Philosophy is also heavily linked to Hermes Trismegistus.
However, due to the lack of conclusive evidence about its existence, the historical figure has been built fictitiously from the Middle Ages to the present, especially from the resurgence of esotericism.
European alchemists highly regarded the Emerald Tablet as the foundation of their art and its Hermetic tradition.
According to ancient Egyptian beliefs, the gods ruled ancient Egypt before mortal pharaohs. These Gods eventually civilized mortal rules passing their knowledge onto them.
The Egyptian god Thoth was the god of wisdom and the patron of magicians. He was also the guardian and clerk of the records that contained the knowledge of the gods.
Clement of Alexandria estimated that the Egyptians possessed forty-two sacred writings, which contained all the teachings of the Egyptian priests. Clement of Alexandria was a Christian theologian who taught at the Catechetical School of Alexandria.
Hermes Trismegistus was eventually credited with tens of thousands of writings, which were reputed to be of immense antiquity. For example, Plato’s Timaeus and Critias describe that in the temple of Neith at Sais one could find countless secret halls safeguarding historical records which had been kept there for at least 9,000 years.
The Fusion of two Gods
Eventually, Hermes the Greek God, and Thoth the Egyptian counterpart were combined as one, becoming the patron of Astrology and Alchemy.
The Asclepius and the Corpus Hermeticum are the most important of the Hermetica, the surviving writings attributed to Hermes Trismegistus.
Eventually, during the Renaissance, many scholars came to accept that Hermes Trismegistus was a contemporary of Moses. Eventually, this idea vanished after it was found that Hermetic writings were written no earlier than the second or third century AD.
It is also believed by some authors like Sayyid Ahmed Amiruddin that Hermes Trismegistus is the builder of the Pyramids of Giza
Other scholars propose a connection between Hermes Trismegistus. And Prophet Muhammad.
Prophet Muhammad who is believed to have traveled to the heavens on the night of Isra and Mi’raj, may be a direct descendant of Hermes Trismegistus, claim Arab genealogists. Ibn Kathir, a highly influential historian, exegete, and scholar during the Mamluk era in Syria said:
“As for Idris…He is in the genealogical chain of the Prophet Muhammad, except according to one genealogist…Ibn Ishaq says he was the first who wrote with the Pen. There was a span of 380 years between him and the life of Adam. Many of the scholars allege that he was the first to speak about this, and they call him Thrice-Great Hermes [Hermes Trismegistus],” – Ismail ibn Kathir (source).
The Hermetic Corpus
It is commonly believed that the Hermetica are Egyptian-Greek wisdom texts that date back to around the 2nd century AD and even possibly later.
These writings are frequently presented as dialogues in which a teacher, usually identified as Hermes Trismegistus enlightens a disciple. The texts are considered the basis of Hermeticism. They discuss the divine, the cosmos, mind, and nature. Some touch upon alchemy, astrology, and related concepts.
US presidents keep their mouths shut about UFOs. The party line: there’s no such thing, so what’s to talk about? Beneath the secrecy, though, are stories that are stunning and maybe even frightening.
It was the UFO fly-bys over D.C. that forced Truman to act. There were unknown, saucer-shaped craft seen zooming over the White House, the Pentagon, and the Capitol building, and newspaper headlines shouted about the sightings. The public was talking about them; in some newspapers, the front-page UFO stories pushed articles about the Democratic National Convention to page two.
Truman’s response? Out of frustration, he gave the order: “Shoot them down!” Several well-known scientists, including Albert Einstein, heard about the order and urged him to rescind it. Truman did, around the time that the UFO sightings also ceased.
2. DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER: SECRET TREATY WITH ALIENS?
One day, near the start of his presidency, President Eisenhower vanished.
The president had been in Palm Springs, CA at the time, and when no one could find him they feared the worst—heart attack, stroke, or some other dire event. Eisenhower reappeared the next day at a church service. An excuse was given for his absence: he’d needed “emergency dental surgery”, an aide reported, stiffly.
Whispers and rumors started immediately—weird ones. Insiders were leaking a strange story, that the president had rushed to Muroc Air Force Base (now Edwards Air Force Base in Southern California), met with aliens, and signed a treaty with them.
Gordon Duff, senior editor of the veterans organization Veterans Today, says that he’s seen classified documents that outline the agreement. “The 1953 treaty with President Eisenhower was an agreement,” Duff told an interviewer, “a coercive agreement against the USA on behalf of a hostile alien power that wished to be able to kidnap a number of citizens from the United States, which means of course that they had agreements with other nations as well.”
3. JFK: UFOS COULD TRIGGER WAR WITH RUSSIA
There had been a spate of UFO sightings over the Soviet Union, and President John F. Kennedy was downright worried.
JFK’s Memo Ordering the US to Share UFO Info with the Soviets
It was the height of the Cold War, and JFK was afraid that a UFO over the USSR might be mistaken for a missile—and prompt the Russians to launch missiles of their own.
On November 12, 1963, Kennedy dictated a memo ordering that the US prepare to share sensitive information about UFOs with the USSR, so that there would be no apocalyptic mistakes. The president was shot dead in Dallas a mere 10 days later.
The memo reads: “It would be very helpful if you would have the high threat cases reviewed with the purpose of identification of bona fide as opposed to classified CIA and USAF sources. It is important that we make a clear distinction between the knowns and unknowns in the event the Soviets try to mistake our extended cooperation as a cover for intelligence gathering of their defense and space programs. I would like you to arrange a program of data sharing with NASA where unknowns are a factor.”
4. RICHARD NIXON: THE JACKIE GLEASON INCIDENT
Dick Nixon had some surprising friends—take famous entertainer Jackie Gleason, for example. The two were golfing chums and often chatted about their interest in UFOs, according to Gleason’s wife Beverly. One day in 1973, Nixon slipped away from his Secret Service detail and showed up at Gleason’s house alone. “I want to show you something,” the president told him.
Nixon drove Gleason to Homestead Air Force Base, not far from Gleason’s home in Florida. A security guard, shocked when he recognized the two famous men, waved them through. They entered a heavily guarded building, and Nixon guided them to an inner chamber. There, Gleason was aghast: he was looking at what appeared at first to be “mangled children”. On closer inspection, he realized that they weren’t children—and that they were not human. Gleason told a confidante that he felt very upset that the government was hiding such monumental secrets from the public.
5. JIMMY CARTER: TRUTH-SEEKER REDUCED TO TEARS
He is unique among American presidents: Jimmy Carter has seen a UFO. Years before his presidency, while running for governor of Georgia, Carter and a handful of others witnessed a blueish object floating in the sky.
President Jimmy Carter Had Seen a UFO, But He Wasn’t Prepared for the Government Secrets He Discovered
Carter told an interviewer, “All of a sudden, one of the men looked up and said, ‘Look, over in the west!’ And there was a bright light in the sky. We all saw it. And then the light, it got closer and closer to us … we were trying to figure out what in the world it could be, and then it receded into the distance.”
As president, Carter was keenly interested in what the government was keeping secret about the UFO phenomenon—and so he asked the top secret organization that would have that kind of information. CIA Director George W. Bush (later to be president) denied Carter’s initial requests, but Carter was persistent.
One day, Bush relented; Carter was told the full truth.
Later, the president was seen in the Oval Office, his head in his hands, sobbing quietly. He has never revealed what the CIA divulged to him that day.
On May 22, NASA photographer Bill Ingalls set up his Canon camera to capture footage of the launch of a SpaceX Falcon 9. He got the shot, sort of, but not before that very launch ignited a small brush fire that did the poor camera in for good. Although this martyr of rocket photography has closed its shutter for the very last time, we're all fortunate enough to be able to see the footage it died to bring us.
As Ingalls mentioned in a NASA feature on the melted camera, this particular setup was actually outside the safety perimeter for the Falcon launch. At a quarter mile away, it was actually the furthest of all six Ingalls had set up. That distance did nothing to save it when a brush fire started in the vicinity, melting the camera's body but leaving its memory card intact so we could see its last gaze.
The camera is set to be put on display in NASA's Washington DC headquarters. A fitting resting place for a true hero.
The investigative “I-Team” for CBS affiliate KLAS-TV in Las Vegas, NV has brought forward new documents related to the secret Pentagon UFO program first revealed by the New York Times in December. But even stranger than the documents, which delved into theoretical warp drive and extra-dimensional technologies, was the response provided to KLAS-TV by an unnamed “senior manager” within the program, who connected the Pentagon’s UFO program to poltergeists, “invisible entities” and “bizarre creatures.”
The new statement from BAASS (Bigelow Aerospace Advanced Space Studies) to KLAS-TV indicates the team contracted by the Pentagon delved into phenomena far beyond the UFO purview indicated in the NYT’s original reveal, in some ways continuing the paranormal research begun by founder Richard Bigelow in the 90s.
“The investigations by BAASS provided new lines of evidence showing that the UFO phenomenon was a lot more than nuts and bolts machines that interacted with military aircraft,” the senior manager said. “The phenomenon also involved a whole panoply of diverse activity that included bizarre creatures, poltergeist activity, invisible entities, orbs of light, animal and human injuries and much more.”
The BAASS manager also described research methodologies tailored to explain multiple eyewitnesses reporting “widely different events.” The new methodology, premised on “utilizing the human body as a readout system for dissecting interactions with the UFO phenomenon,” was put in place because BAASS came to believe evidence indicated “the UFO phenomenon was capable of manipulating and distorting human perception,” making eyewitness testimony “increasingly untrustworthy.”
While it may sound more like a convenient method for explaining away incongruous accounts than rigorous science, the BAASS statement claims “the results of applying this new approach was a revolution in delineating the threat level of UFOs.”
While the statement advocates a wider approach to UFO research, to avoid the “myopic and unproductive” focus on “nuts and bolts machines,” it also takes as assumed new conclusions about the exact nature of the UFO phenomena, particularly in assigning agency to the phenomena. The statement describes BAASS’s new “forensic” approach as “aimed to bypass UFO deception and manipulation,” layering a sinister overtone atop the already threatening descriptions of human and animal injury (presumably alluding to the cattle mutilation phenomena). To what degree the poltergeists, bizarre creatures and invisible entities actively participate in the deception remains unclear. For now, compelling evidence, or any evidence at all, remains unavailable to the public.
The statement and documents published by the I-Team further complicate the contracting process described by the NYT, confirming the Defense Intelligence Agency originally sought bids under a different name: Advanced Aerospace Weapons Systems Application Program (AAWSAP), a claim originally made by UFO researcher Paul Ready and UFOs and the National Security State author Richard Dolan in April. The contract documents reveal an initial payment of $10 million, allocated to BAASS.
BAASS, created specifically for the Pentagon contract, conducted research both from Bigelow Aerospace headquarters in North Las Vegas and an infamous Utah ranch, formerly owned by Robert Bigelow (ownership has since transferred to Adamantium Real Estate, who manages the property on behalf of an anonymous owner). Commonly known as Skinwalker Ranch, the 480-acre property has been the site of reported cattle mutilations, UFO sightings and “large, ferocious animals with piercing yellow eyes” that bullets couldn’t injure. From 1996 to 2004, Bigelow investigated paranormal phenomena at and around the ranch under the umbrella of his now defunct research group, the National Institute for Discovery Science.
Could poltergeists, UFOs and other paranormal phenomena all be related? While it’s always possible new information from the Pentagon UFO program will provide actual data from Bigelow’s AAWSAP research, the presence of electrical engineer Dr. Harold Puthoff, one of the lead researchers for BAASS, warrants a default to skepticism. Puthoff, also one of the sources for the initial NYT disclosure, has a long history of promoting pseudoscience—endorsing psychic fraud Uri Geller and coming to the defense of L. Ron Hubbard's E-meter in a 1974 document Scientology developed for use by the government. Puthoff’s research team, EarthTech International, was subcontracted by Bigelow to write the recently revealed DIA reports.
Those reports don’t point to any new revolutions in science or UFO research. DIA documents for AAWSAP, like “Warp Drive, Dark Energy, and the Manipulation of Extra Dimensions,” are more summations of existing theoretical physics than radical alien technologies. “It’s bits and pieces of theoretical physics dressed up as if it has something to do with potentially real-world applications, which it doesn’t,” theoretical physicist Sean Carroll told Business Insider. “This is not something that’s going to connect with engineering anytime soon, probably anytime ever.”
A depiction of the workings of the theoretical Alcubierre warp drive, from "Warp Drive, Dark Energy, and the Manipulation of Extra Dimensions," a report provided by BAASS to the Defense Intelligence Agency.
DIA VIA KLAS-TV LAS VEGAS
Both Bigelow Aerospace and EarthTech International were contacted for comment. This article will be updated with their response, if provided.
While UFO researchers hope the reveal of AAWSAP will offer new opportunities for FOIA requests and further reveals, it’s the bright line to BAASS which most expands our understanding of the bizarre research avenues in the Pentagon’s Top Secret UFO program. Outlandish claims of poltergeists, reality-distorting encounters, alien alloys and groundbreaking technologies demand a subsequently high burden of proof. Disclosure of actual evidence could prove the difference between a radically new understanding of humanity’s place in the universe and just another wasteful Department of Defense budget line item.
Soon, two ambitious missions will take us closer to the sun than we've ever gone before, providing invaluable insight into how our star really works.
Launching in the summer of 2018 and in 2020, respectively, NASA's Parker Solar Probe and the European Space Agency's (ESA) Solar Orbiter will work to gather up-close data of the sun. And, while these missions will use different technologies, "as missions — they'll be complementary," Eric Christian, a research scientist on the Parker Solar Probe mission, said in a statement from NASA.
The sun is a life-sustaining source of energy for life here on Earth. However, solar wind, a stream of charged gas streaming from its surface, can threaten the technologies that drive radio communications, satellites and power grids. Because the sun, and the solar wind, so directly and drastically affect us, it is imperative that we understand it better to protect ourselves against potential negative events. [NASA's Parker Solar Probe Mission to Touch the Sun Explained (Infographic)]
Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter will both observe the sun's corona — its unpredictable, gaseous outer atmosphere. If you were able to see the white, hair-like pieces surrounding the sun during the 2017 total solar eclipse, then you saw the solar corona. According to the NASA statement, many scientists believe that the corona could drive the speed of solar wind. However, the corona is not very well understood.
“Our goal is to understand how the sun works and how it affects the space environment to the point of predictability. This is really a curiosity-driven science," Chris St. Cyr, a Solar Orbiter project scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, said in the statement.
Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter — which are separate, but complementary, missions — aim to help researchers better understand the sun's unpredictable behavior. They will "be taking pictures of the sun's corona at the same time, and they’ll be seeing some of the same structures — what's happening at the poles of the sun and what those same structures look like at the equator," Christian said.
Solar Orbiter, which will orbit the sun on a tilt from 26 million miles away, will take the first-ever direct images of the sun's poles. This will allow scientists to better understand the sun's magnetic fields, since some of our star's magnetic activity is concentrated at its poles.
NASA's Parker Solar Probe will get closer to the sun than we've ever gone before.
Credit: Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
Parker Solar Probe will get significantly closer to the sun, inching as close as 3.8 million miles from its surface. From this close distance, the probe will be able to image solar wind, study magnetic fields and observe both plasma and energetic particles, NASA officials said in the statement. This probe will also carry with it a memory card holding 1,137,202 names, including William Shatner's — cheering it on as it travels to the sun.
We don't yet understand how the sun's magnetic field is created or structured, why its corona behaves in a way that seems impossible to predict, or what's influencing the dangerous solar wind. These two missions from NASA and ESA aim to change that.
Jeff Bezos Saves 'The Expanse,' Lays Out Vision for Human Space Colonies
Jeff Bezos Saves 'The Expanse,' Lays Out Vision for Human Space Colonies
By Douglas Messier, Space.com Contributor
Jeff Bezos, founder of the private spaceflight company Blue Origin, inside a replica of the New Shepard human capsule that the company plans to use to fly tourists into space.
Credit: Space Foundation/Tom Kimmel Photography
LOS ANGELES — Before laying out his ambitious plan for humanity's future in space, Amazon and Blue Origin founder Jeff Bezos had a bit of news to deliver during a gala dinner Friday night (May 25).
"During dinner, 10 minutes ago, I just got word that 'The Expanse' was saved," he said, referring to the futuristic space television series that was canceled by Syfy. Fans had urged Amazon Studios, which owns the U.S. streaming rights, to pick up the show for another season; the efforts included celebrity endorsements and even a banner flying over the company's headquarters.
Bezos announced the new development here at the Governors' Dinner at the National Space Society's International Space Development Conference. For his contribution to spaceflight, Bezos received the society's Gerard K. O'Neill Memorial Award for Space Settlement Advocacy, which O'Neill's widow, Tasha, presented to him. (Gerard K. O'Neill was a physicist and proponent of space colonization.)
Gerard K. O'Neill's widow Tasha presents award to Jeff Bezos.
Credit: Douglas Messier/Space.com
Once the cheering died down, Bezos chatted space journalist Alan Boyle to lay out his expansive vision for where — just like on the TV show — millions of people will live and work in space colonies (although, hopefully, with less cross-solar-system conflict). Bezos said he and his spaceflight company, Blue Origin, can help save the world like he saved "The Expanse" — not from cancellation, but from stagnation and decline.
"We have resources to build room for a trillion humans in the solar system," Bezos said. "And when we have a trillion humans, we'll have a thousand Einsteins and a thousand Mozarts; it'll be a way more interesting place to live."
The cast and crew of The Expanse celebrate news that Jeff Bezos' Amazon Prime had picked up the TV show for a fourth season.
Credit: Douglas Messier/Space.com
During the chat, the billionaire positioned himself as the successor to the late O'Neill, a former Princeton University professor who envisioned massive, Earth-like colonies floating in space during the 1970s in his book "The High Frontier."
"Professor O'Neill was very formative for me," Bezos said. "I read 'The High Frontier' in high school. I read it multiple times. And I was already primed. And as soon as I read it, it made sense to me. It seemed very clear that planetary surfaces were not the right place for an expanding civilization inside the solar system."
"For one, they're not that big," he added. "There's another argument I always make too, [which] is, they're hard to get to. [If] we build our own colonies, we can do them in near-Earth vicinity, because people will want to come back to Earth. Very few people — for a long time, anyway — are going to want to abandon Earth altogether." [Blue Origin Launches New Shepard Space Capsule on Highest Test Flight Yet]
By using the resources on the moon and in the asteroid belt, humans could build massive colonies to escape the limitations of Earth and avoid society's stagnation; the finite resources on Earth would keep humanity from growing to its full potential.Bezos said he thinks that is "a very bad future." "It's not the future that I want for my grandchildren or my grandchildren's grandchildren," he said. "And I doubt anybody in this room wants that for their descendants."
One key element of Bezos' plan is to move all heavy industry (such as mining and metal smelting) off the planet, with Earth being reserved for light industry (such as assembling products) and residential use.
"In the not-too-distant future — I'm talking decades, maybe a hundred years — it'll start to be easier to do a lot of the things we currently do on Earth in space because we'll have so much energy," he said, referring to space outposts run on solar power.
Jeff Bezos makes a point during a fireside chat with Alan Boyle.
Credit: Douglas Messier/Space.com
Bezos said that, to begin moving down this road, he founded Blue Origin in 2000. He sells about $1 billion worth of stock each year to fund the rocket company, whose motto in Latin is "Gradatim ferociter" (which means "Step by step, ferociously.")
Bezos drew a comparison between space colonization and his online business empire. When he started Amazon.com to sell products online, there was already a network (the internet) connected to personal computers, a payment system (credit cards) and multiple delivery systems (postal services, UPS, etc.). That infrastructure allowed online commerce to grow enormously.
Blue Origin's goal is to build a similar infrastructure so that entrepreneurs can expand into space. The company is developing two large, reusable rockets — called New Glenn and New Armstrong — in an effort to significantly bring down the cost of launching payloads into space.
"When we have that entrepreneurial dynamism in space, you will see how fast this vision … will happen," he said.
KLAS, the CBS affiliate in Las Vegas, obtained a copy of a report “prepared by and for the military” in 2009 that details multiple interactions with anomalous aerial vehicles (AAVs) over two weeks in late 2004. The report also discussed the high speed and advanced cloaking capabilities that allowed the AAVs to evade observation and detection.
“The AAVs would descend ‘very rapidly’ from approximately 60,000 feet down to approximately 50 feet in a matter of seconds,” the report noted.
“The disturbance appeared to be 50 to 100 meters in diameter and close to round. It was the only area and type of whitewater activity that could be seen and reminded him of images of something rapidly submerging from the surface like a submarine or a ship sinking.”
The disturbed area also resembled shoal water around “a barely submerged reef or island,” but as the pilot flew away, he could see that the disturbance had cleared and seas calmed. Although he never made visual contact with whatever caused the disturbance, the report stated that it may have been caused by an AAV, which was unseen due to cloaking “or invisible to the human eye.”
Another pilot described a disturbance beneath the water of an AAV that “looked like frothy waves and foam almost as if the water was boiling.”
A submarine in the vicinity did not detect anything unusual underwater. If an object was indeed in the Pacific Ocean, “it would represent a highly advanced capability given the advanced capability of our sensors.”
One aircrew reporting on the events received “a high level of ridicule” about the incident, the report noted.
The videos of the “Tic Tac” UFO caused a sensation when they were first released last year as the Times reported on a secret Pentagon UFO program that has now concluded with no evidence of alien life visiting the Earth. However, Luis Elizondo, the former military intelligence official who led the program, indicated that there was more information the public had not yet seen.
ANCIENT RACE OF WHITE GIANTS DESCRIBED IN NATIVE LEGENDS FROM MANY TRIBES
ANCIENT RACE OF WHITE GIANTS DESCRIBED IN NATIVE LEGENDS FROM MANY TRIBES
Several Native American tribes have passed down legends of a race of white giants who were wiped out. We’ll take a look at a few such legends, including those among the Choctaw and the Comanches of the United States down to the Manta of Peru.
“The tradition of the Choctaws… told of a race of giants that once inhabited the now State of Tennessee, and with whom their ancestors fought when they arrived in Mississippi in their migration from the west. … Their tradition states the Nahullo (race of giants) was of wonderful stature.”
A Choctaw stick-ball player, depicted by George Catlin in 1834.
Cushman said “Nahullo” came to be used to describe all white people, but it originally referred specifically to a giant white race with whom the Choctaw came into contact when they first crossed the Mississippi River. The Nahullo were said to be cannibals whom the Choctaw killed whenever the opportunity arose.
Comanches
Chief Rolling Thunder of the Comanches, a tribe from the Great Plains, gave the following account of an ancient race of white giants in 1857:
“Innumerable moons ago, a race of white men, 10 feet high, and far more rich and powerful than any white people now living, here inhabited a large range of country, extending from the rising to the setting sun. Their fortifications crowned the summits of the mountains, protecting their populous cities situated in the intervening valleys.
“They excelled every other nation which was flourished, either before or since, in all manner of cunning handicraft — were brave and warlike — ruling over the land they had wrested from its ancient possessors with a high and haughty hand. Compared with them the palefaces of the present day were pygmies, in both art and arms. …”
The chief explained that when this race forgot justice and mercy and became too proud, the Great Spirit wiped it out and all that was left of their society were the mounds still visible on the tablelands. This account was documented by Dr. Donald “Panther” Yates , a researcher and author of books on Native American history, on his blog.
Navajo
Yates also writes of the Starnake people of Navajo legend, describing them as:
“A regal race of white giants endowed with mining technology who dominated the West, enslaved lesser tribes, and had strongholds all through the Americas. They were either extinguished or ‘went back to the heavens.’”
Manta
In 1553, Pedro Cieza de León wrote in “Chronicle of Peru” about legendary giants described to him by the Manta indigenous people:
“There are, however, reports concerning giants in Peru, who landed on the coast at the point of Santa Elena. … The natives relate the following tradition, which had been received from their ancestors from very remote times.
“There arrived on the coast, in boats made of reeds, as big as large ships, a party of men of such size that, from the knee downwards, their height was as great as the entire height of an ordinary man, though he might be of good stature.
“Their limbs were all in proportion to the deformed size of their bodies, and it was a monstrous thing to see their heads, with hair reaching to the shoulders. Their eyes were as large as small plates.”
León said that the sexual habits of the giants were revolting to the Natives and heaven eventually wiped out the giants because of those habits.
Paiutes
The Paiutes are said to have an oral tradition that told of red-haired, white, cannibals about 10 feet tall who lived in or near what is now known as Lovelock Cave in Nevada.
It is unclear whether this “oral tradition” about the so-called Sitecah giants existed or if it was an exaggeration or distortion of their legends made after the Paiutes were mostly killed or dispersed in 1833 by an expedition by explorer Joseph Walker.
Brian Dunning of Skeptoid explored Paiutes legends and found no mention of the Sitecah being giants. It seems there was, however, a people who practiced cannibalism and who lived in Lovelock Cave.
Human remains have been found there, and a few of the human bones had the marrow removed, suggesting the marrow was eaten. Cannibalism seems to have been a rare practice among these peoples, however.
The remains do have red hair, but this may be because black hair can turn red with time.
Miners unearthed the artifacts in 1912, leaving them in a pile before eventually contacting the University of California. Anthropologist Llewellyn L. Loud traveled from the university to the site to investigate.
It is commonly agreed that excavation of the site was not handled well and certainly not up to modern standards. But some proponents of the Sitecah giants theory say researchers have deliberately covered up any giant remains found there.
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SEARCH FOR SIGNS OF ALIEN CIVILISATIONS IN 100,000 GALAXIES HAS TURNED UP NOTHING
SEARCH FOR SIGNS OF ALIEN CIVILISATIONS IN 100,000 GALAXIES HAS TURNED UP NOTHING
Scientists have searched 100,000 galaxies for signs of advanced extraterrestrial life, and come back empty-handed. Using NASA’s WISE satellite, the researchers were looking for energy signatures that would suggest the use of advanced alien technology elsewhere in the Universe.
“The idea behind our research is that, if an entire galaxy had been colonised by an advanced spacefaring civilisation, the energy produced by that civilisation’s technologies would be detectable in mid-infrared wavelengths – exactly the radiation that the WISE satellite was designed to detect,” lead researcher Jason T. Wright, an astrophysicist at Penn State University in the US, said in a press release.
It sounds a little whacky, but the physics is solid – if a clever alien society hasworked out how to harness the energy from its galaxy’s stars and is using it to power technology, such as space flight, communication, or something beyond what we can imagine, then we should be able to detect it.
“Fundamental thermodynamics tells us that this energy must be radiated away as heat in the mid-infrared wavelengths,” explained Wright in the release. “This same basic physics causes your computer to radiate heat while it is turned on.”
The hypothesis that we can detect advanced civilisations by their energy emissions was first proposed in the 1960s by theoretical physicist Freeman Dyson, but it’s only recently that we’ve had technology to help us do this. To search for these heat signatures, Wright and his team scoured nearly the entire catalogue of the WISE (which stands for Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, by the way) satellite’s detections – almost 100 million entries – for any sign of galaxies emitting more mid-infrared radiation than expected.
The most promising 100,000 candidates were then individually studied. While 50 of these galaxies did emit high levels of mid-infrared radiation, the numbers didn’t suggest any kind of alien civilisation. But the researchers will follow up with further observations.
“They are almost certainly natural astronomical phenomena, but we need to study them more carefully before we can say for sure exactly what’s going on,” said Steinn Sigurdsson, one of the researchers, in the release. The results have been published in The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series.
This is the first time that such an extensive search of galaxies’ heat emissions has been conducted, and it provides new insight into the galaxies in our Universe, and also suggests that alien civilisations may not be out there – or may not look and act the way we expect them to.
“Our results mean that, out of the 100,000 galaxies that WISE could see in sufficient detail, none of them is widely populated by an alien civilisation using most of the starlight in its galaxy for its own purposes,” said Wright. “That’s interesting because these galaxies are billions of years old, which should have been plenty of time for them to have been filled with alien civilisations, if they exist. Either they don’t exist, or they don’t yet use enough energy for us to recognise them.”
This is the dilemma at the heart of the Fermi Paradox. Logically, there have been plenty of opportunities for life to occur around the Universe, so where are all the aliens? The short video below has some interesting ideas, but Wright hopes that his work will help provide some solid answers.
“As we look more carefully at the light from these galaxies,” he said. “We should be able to push our sensitivity to alien technology down to much lower levels, and to better distinguish heat resulting from natural astronomical sources from heat produced by advanced technologies. This pilot study is just the beginning.”
YOU MAY ALSO LIKE:UNIVERSITY IMPLEMENTS COURSE ABOUT ALIENS TO PREPARE PEOPLE FOR EXTRATERRESTRIAL CONTACT
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Scientists have found on Mars an ideal place for extraterrestrial life
Scientists have found on Mars an ideal place for extraterrestrial life
An international group of scientists led by astrobiologist Sean McMahon of the University of Edinburgh suggested that iron-rich rocks on Mars near the ancient dried-up lakes are the most suitable place to look for traces of microorganisms that lived billions of years ago.
An international group of scientists led by astrobiologist Sean McMahon of the University of Edinburgh suggested that iron-rich rocks on Mars near the ancient dried-up lakes are the most suitable place to look for traces of microorganisms that lived billions of years ago. The article is published in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. This is reported by the publication Science Alert.
At the moment, there is no evidence that Mars was inhabited, but there were once life-friendly conditions on the planet. Observations from the orbit showed that on the surface there are dried river valleys, winding and branched channels, lakes typical for lakes in depressions of the relief, as well as cones of eruption formed by deposits in the mouths of water streams.
Liquid water existed there 4,100-3500 million years ago, when Mars possessed a dense atmosphere, preventing the penetration of harmful solar radiation.
The experts analyzed the available scientific literature and identified the places that are best suited to search for traces of microbial life on Mars, if it ever existed. They are rich in iron and silica lacustrine deposits, which correspond to an oxidation-reduction medium, suitable for bacteria with anaerobic metabolism. They are also suitable for fossilization – the process of transformation of dead organisms into fossils. Another suitable place may be former hot springs, but their existence on Mars must be confirmed.
In 2020, NASA will launch the Mars 2020 mission as part of the long-term Mars Exploration Program. A rover will be sent to the Red Planet, similar in design to the rover Curiosity. The new planet-boat is designed for astrobiological studies of ancient rocks and the search for traces of life. It will be equipped with a drone for reconnaissance and have greater mobility than its predecessor, but scientists believe that the success of the mission depends on the successful choice of the landing site.
A scientist from Russia proposed a gloomy explanation of the Fermi paradox
A scientist from Russia proposed a gloomy explanation of the Fermi paradox
The unimaginable size of the universe for a long time made scientists believe in the almost infinite abundance of the worlds inhabited in it. If so, then where is everything? In general, this is the whole essence of the so-called Fermi paradox, a puzzling scientific anomaly that indicates the absence of visible traces of the activity of extraterrestrial civilizations that would have to be scattered throughout the universe for billions of years of its development. Only one of our Milky Way galaxy has several billion stars according to various estimates, but we still did not find any signs of the existence of extraterrestrials. Actually, why?
The paradox formulated several decades ago has been puzzled by more than one generation of scientists and thinkers. Hypotheses were advanced that aliens simply “sleep”, thus showing no signs of their activity. Others assumed that the technological development of extraterrestrial civilizations is hampered by some incomprehensible factors. Or maybe they just do not want to communicate with us and carefully hide their presence?
However, the theoretical physicist Alexander Berezin of the National Research University “Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology” has his own opinion about why we are still alone in the universe. In a paper titled “First in, last out”, whose preret is on arXiv.org and awaits evaluation by other scientists, Berezin offers his solution to the Fermi paradox. Berezin himself calls it “trivial, not having any contradictory assumptions,” but at the same time “difficult to accept, as it predicts the future that awaits our own civilization.” And this future will be worse than extinction. ” In his work, Berezin notes that the main problem of the previously proposed solutions to the Fermi paradox is due to the fact that they all too narrow the possible range of species of extraterrestrial life.
“Some specific nature of civilizations reaching the interstellar level should not be taken into account at all, since it does not play any role,” Berezin said.
“They can be biological organisms, like we, for example, or artificial intellects, rebelling against their creators, or in general the quintessence of the collective mind of the planetary level, like the one described by Stanislaw Lem in Solaris.”
But even with such a variety, we still do not see any signs of the existence of other civilizations in space. Nevertheless, according to Berezin, the only parameter that must be taken into account for the solution of the paradox – from the point of view of determining extraterrestrial life – is our ability to detect the existence of this life.
“The only variable that we are able to measure objectively is, perhaps, at what distance can we determine the existence of life in space from the Earth,” Berezin said. “For simplicity, let’s call it” parameter A “.”
If the intelligent extraterrestrial civilization for some reason failed to achieve the required “parameter A” – did not develop methods of interstellar travel, communication methods, or other ways to demonstrate its existence to the rest of the cosmos – it will still exist, but it will not help us in solving the paradox . The real solution to the Fermi paradox, proposed by Berezin, follows a rather gloomy scenario.
“Actually, why are we so sure that the first living species that has achieved the possibility of interstellar travel will not destroy all the” competing “civilizations discovered in its path in order to further its expansion?” Berezin asks. Readers familiar with the novel by Douglas Adams “The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy” can remember the incident that laid the foundation for the entire plot. There one kind of very highly developed aliens decided to build an intergalactic highway right through the place where our Earth is located, not really caring about the life that can exist on it. Berezin explains that this is only an assumption. The scientist notes that a highly developed civilization can destroy other living forms at all not consciously. Literally this without even suspecting.
“They can do it quite by accident and do not even notice it. We, too, do not notice how we destroy the same anthill in the construction of the road? We do not even think about it. ” No, Berezin does not say that we are ants and the reason why we have not yet found extraterrestrial civilizations is that they have not yet decided to build a new road through us. On the contrary, the scientist believes that in the future we ourselves will become destroyers of the worlds, which we are looking for all this time.
“Assuming that the proposed hypothesis is correct, what future awaits us?” “The only solution is to turn to the anthropic principle. We will be the first to reach the interstellar level. And, most likely, the last who will end their existence. ” Again, such a potential destruction of all life on the path of expansion does not have to be pre-engineered and organized – it can be the result of a larger system – something that does not lend itself to any attempts to control the process. As an example, Berezin leads the capitalism of free competition, and as another – artificial intelligence, not limited to the power given to him.
“Only one evil AI will potentially be able to populate an entire superexplosion with copies of itself, turning every solar system into a kind of collective supercomputer. And here it does not even make sense to ask why he should do this, “Berezin said. “The answer will be obvious: because he can.” According to Berezin, we can become winners in the deadly competition, of which we do not even suspect participation. Moreover, we are the answer to the paradox. It is we, our species, who will populate the entire universe, destroying everything that gets in the way. It is impossible to exclude this possibility, Berezin believes, since to stop this process “it will require the existence of forces far greater than mere free will.” Berezin himself admits that he very much hopes that he is mistaken in his assumption.
“The only way to find out the truth is to continue exploring the universe in the hope of finding a different life,” the scientist says. Although from all of the above, some will certainly conclude that now this may not be the wisest way to proceed.
There may be a strange reason why we haven't been able to track down aliens despite the vast size of the universe.
A theoretical physicist believes its because 'alien killer robots may have destroyed every extraterrestrial civilisation' in the cosmos.
Alexander Berezin of the National Research University of Electronic Technology in Russia came up with bizarre theory to explain something known as the 'Fermi paradox'.
This paradox describes the contradiction between the likelihood that alien life is present somewhere in the vastness of the universe, and the lack of any evidence to prove its existence.
Scroll down for video
According to one scientist, any civilisation that is capable of colonising beyond its own planet 'necessarily eradicates all competition to fuel its own expansion'
(Stock Image)
The Fermi Paradox, named after physicist Enrico Fermi, has perplexed scientists for decades.
But Professor Berezin suggests it occurs because advanced civilizations will destroy other lifeforms with their technology.
He believes any civilisations of ‘biological organisms like ourselves or rogue AIs that rebelled against their creators’ which tries to colonise other planets will inevitably destroy every species in its way.
Berezin has published a paper, which has yet to be peer-reviewed, which describes his so-called ‘first in, last out’ solution to the Fermi Paradox.
He writes: ‘I am not suggesting that a highly developed civilization would consciously wipe out other lifeforms.
‘Most likely, they simply won’t notice, the same way a construction crew demolishes an anthill to build real estate because they lack incentive to protect it.’
WHAT IS THE FERMI PARADOX?
The Fermi Paradox questions why, given the estimated 200bn-400bn stars and at least 100bn planets in our galaxy, there have been no signs of alien life.
The contradiction is named after its creator, Italian physicist Enrico Fermi.
He first posed the question back in 1950.
Fermi believed it was too extraordinary that a single extraterrestrial signal or engineering project has yet to be detected in the universe — despite its immense vastness.
Fermi concluded there must a barrier that limits the rise of intelligent, self-aware, technologically advanced space-colonising civilisations.
This barrier is sometimes referred to as the 'Great Filter'.
Italian physicist Enrico Fermi devised the so-called Fermi Paradox in the 1950s. It explores why there is no sign of alien life, despite the 100 billions planets in our galaxy
If the main obstacle preventing the colonisation of other planets is not in our past, then the barrier that will stop humanity's prospects of reaching other worlds must lie in our future, scientists have theorised.
Professor Brian Cox believes the advances in science and engineering required by a civilisation to start conquering the stars ultimately lead to its destruction.
He said: 'One solution to the Fermi paradox is that it is not possible to run a world that has the power to destroy itself and that needs global collaborative solutions to prevent that.
‘It may be that the growth of science and engineering inevitably outstrips the development of political expertise, leading to disaster.'
Other possible explanations for the Fermi Paradox include that no other intelligent species have arisen in the universe, intelligent alien species are out there — but lack the necessary technology to communicate with Earth.
Some believe that the distances between intelligent civilsations are too great to allow any kind of two-way communication.
If two worlds are separated by several thousand light-years, it's possible that one or both civilisation will be extinct before a dialogue can be established.
The so-called Zoo hypothesis claims intelligent alien life is out there, but deliberately avoids any contact with life on Earth to allow its natural evolution.
If humanity achieves interstellar travel and begins colonising any of the estimated 100 billion planets in our galaxy alone, it will eradicate ‘all competition to fuel its own expansion’.
But if humanity doesn’t achieve this advanced level of space travel, it is doomed to be eradicated by aliens or extraterrestrial AI-powered computers as they expand their civilisation.
Berezin warns: ‘The incentive to grab all available resources is strong, and it only takes one bad actor to ruin the equilibrium, with no possibility to prevent them from appearing at interstellar scale
‘One rogue AI can potentially populate the entire supercluster with copies of itself, turning every solar system into a supercomputer, and there is no use asking why it would do that.
‘All that matters is that it can.’
A.A. Berezin cautions that rogue AIs that rebelled against their creators could pose a threat to humanity if it does not begin colonising the stars first
(Stock Image)
According to the paper, the only way for humanity to avoid destruction from a superior extraterrestrial race is to become the first to conquer the stars.
The latest solution to the Fermi Paradox is one of a multitude of possible explanations.
Professor Brian Cox believes the advances in science and engineering required by any civilisation to start conquering the universe will ultimately lead to the destruction of the lifeform itself.
Speaking to The Times, Professor Cox said: ‘One solution to the Fermi paradox is that it is not possible to run a world that has the power to destroy itself and that needs global collaborative solutions to prevent that.
It may be that the growth of science and engineering inevitably outstrips the development of political expertise, leading to disaster.'
Some believe that the distances between intelligent civilsations are too great to allow any kind of two-way communication.
If two worlds are separated by several thousand light-years, it's possible that one or both civilisation will be extinct before a dialogue can be established.
The so-called Zoo hypothesis claims intelligent alien life is out there, but deliberately avoids any contact with life on Earth to allow its natural evolution.
WHAT ARE THE KEY DISCOVERIES HUMANITY HAS MADE IN ITS SEARCH FOR ALIEN LIFE?
Discovery of pulsars
British astronomer Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell was the first person to discover a pulsar in 1967 when she spotted a radio pulsar.
Since then other types of pulsars that emit x-rays and gamma rays have also been spotted.
Pulsars are essentially rotating, highly magnatised neutron stars but when they were first discovered it was believed they could come from aliens.
'Wow!' radio signal
In 1977, an astronomer looking for alien life in the nigh sky above Ohio spotted a powerful radio signal so strong that he excitedly wrote 'Wow!' next to his data.
In 1977, an astronomer looking for alien life in the nigh sky above Ohio spotted a powerful radio signal so strong that he excitedly wrote 'Wow!' next to his data
The 72-second blast, spotted by Dr Jerry Ehman through a radio telescope, came from Sagittarius but matched no known celestial object.
Conspiracy theorists have since claimed that the 'Wow! signal', which was 30 times stronger than background radiation, was a message from intelligent extraterrestrials.
Fossilised martian microbes
In 1996 Nasa and the White House made the explosive announcement that the rock contained traces of Martian bugs.
The meteorite, catalogued as Allen Hills (ALH) 84001, crashed onto the frozen wastes of Antarctica 13,000 years ago and was recovered in 1984.
Photographs were released showing elongated segmented objects that appeared strikingly lifelike.
Photographs were released showing elongated segmented objects that appeared strikingly lifelike
(pictured)
However, the excitement did not last long. Other scientists questioned whether the meteorite samples were contaminated.
They also argued that heat generated when the rock was blasted into space may have created mineral structures that could be mistaken for microfossils.
Behaviour of Tabby's Star in 2005
The star, otherwise known as KIC 8462852, is located 1,400 light years away and has baffled astonomers since being discovered in 2015.
It dims at a much faster rate than other stars, which some experts have suggested is a sign of aliens harnessing the energy of a star.
The star, otherwise known as KIC 8462852, is located 1,400 light years away and has baffled astonomers since being discovered in 2015
(artist's impression)
Recent studies have 'eliminated the possibility of an alien megastructure', and instead, suggests that a ring of dust could be causing the strange signals.
Exoplanets in the Goldilocks zone in 2015
In February this year astronomers announced they had spotted a star system with planets that could support life just 39 light years away.
Seven Earth-like planets were discovered orbiting nearby dwarf star 'Trappist-1', and all of them could have water at their surface, one of the key components of life.
Three of the planets have such good conditions, that scientists say life may have already evolved on them.
Researchers claim that they will know whether or not there is life on any of the planets within a decade, and said 'this is just the beginning.'
Since that time, scientists have conducted multiple surveys in the hopes of find indications of “technosignatures” – i.e. evidence of technologically-advanced life (such as radio communications).
To put it plainly, if humanity were to receive a message from an extraterrestrial civilisation right now, it would be the single greatest event in the history of civilisation.
But according to a new study, such a message could also pose a serious risk to humanity. Drawing on multiple possibilities that have been explored in detail, they consider how humanity could shield itself from malicious spam and viruses.
The study was conducted by Michael Hippke, an independent scientist from the Sonneberg Observatory in Germany; and John G. Learned, a professor with the High Energy Physics Group at the University of Hawaii.
Together, they examine some of the foregone conclusions about SETI and what is more likely to be the case.
To be fair, the notion that an extraterrestrial civilisation could pose a threat to humanity is not just a well-worn science fiction trope. For decades, scientists have treated it as a distinct possibility and considered whether or not the risks outweigh the possible benefits.
As a result, some theorists have suggested that humans should not engage in SETI at all, or that we should take measures to hide our planet.
As Learned told Universe Today via email, there has never been a consensus among SETI researchers about whether or not ETI would be benevolent:
“There is no compelling reason at all to assume benevolence (for example that ETI are wise and kind due to their ancient civilisation’s experience).
I find much more compelling the analogy to what we know from our history… Is there any society anywhere which has had a good experience after meeting up with a technologically advanced invader? Of course it would go either way, but I think often of the movie Alien… a credible notion it seems to me.”
In addition, assuming that an alien message could pose a threat to humanity makes practical sense.
Given the sheer size of the Universe and the limitations imposed by special relativity (i.e. no known means of faster-than-light travel), it would always be cheaper and easier to send a malicious message to eradicate a civilisation compared to an invasion fleet.
As a result, Hippke and Learned advise that SETI signals be vetted and/or “decontaminated” beforehand.
In terms of how a SETI signal could constitute a threat, the researchers outline a number of possibilities.
Beyond the likelihood that a message could convey misinformation designed to cause a panic or self-destructive behaviour, there is also the possibility that it could contain viruses or other embedded technical issues (i.e. the format could cause our computers to crash).
They also note that, when it comes to SETI, a major complication arises from the fact that no message is likely to be received in only one place (thus making containment possible).
Article 6 of this declaration states the following:
“The discovery should be confirmed and monitored and any data bearing on the evidence of extraterrestrial intelligence should be recorded and stored permanently to the greatest extent feasible and practicable, in a form that will make it available for further analysis and interpretation.
These recordings should be made available to the international institutions listed above and to members of the scientific community for further objective analysis and interpretation.”
As such, a message that is confirmed to have originated from an ETI would most likely be made available to the entire scientific community before it could be deemed to be threatening in nature.
Even if there was only one recipient, and they attempted to keep the message under strict lock and key, it’s a safe bet that other parties would find a way to access it before long.
The question naturally arises then, what can be done?
One possibility that Hippke and Learned suggest is to take a analog approach to interpreting these messages, which they illustrate using the 2017 SETI Decrypt Challenge as an example.
This challenge, which was issued by René Heller of the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, consisted of a sequence of about two million binary digits and related information being posted to social media.
In addition to being a fascinating exercise that gave the public a taste of what SETI research means, the challenge also sough to address some central questions when it came to communicating with an ETI.
Foremost among these was whether or not humanity would be able to understand a message from an alien civilisation, and how we might be able to make a message comprehensible (if we sent one first).
As they state:
“As an example, the message from the “SETI Decrypt Challenge” (Heller 2017) was a stream of 1,902,341 bits, which is the product of prime numbers. Like the Arecibo message (Staff At The National Astronomy Ionosphere Center 1975) and Evpatoria’s “Cosmic Calls” (Shuch 2011), the bits represent the X/Y black/white pixel map of an image.
When this is understood, further analysis could be done off-line by printing on paper. Any harm would then come from the meaning of the message, and not from embedded viruses or other technical issues.”
However, where messages are made up of complex codes or even a self-contained AI, the need for sophisticated computers may be unavoidable.
In this case, the authors explore another popular recommendation, which is the use of quarantined machines to conduct the analysis – i.e. a message prison.
Unfortunately, they also acknowledge that no prison would be 100 percent effective and containment could eventually fail.
“This scenario resembles the Oracle-AI, or AI box, of an isolated computer system where a possibly dangerous AI is ‘imprisoned’ with only minimalist communication channels,” they write.
“Current research indicates that even well-designed boxes are useless, and a sufficiently intelligent AI will be able to persuade or trick its human keepers into releasing it.”
In the end, it appears that the only real solution is to maintain a vigilant attitude and ensure that any messages we send are as benign as possible.
As Hippke summarised: “I think it’s overwhelmingly likely that a message will be positive, but you can not be sure. Would you take a 1 percent chance of death for a 99 percent chance of a cure for all diseases? One learning from our paper is how to design [our] own message, in case we decide to send any: Keep it simple, don’t send computer code.”
Basically, when it comes to the search for extraterrestrial intelligence, the rules of internet safety may apply. If we begin to receive messages, we shouldn’t trust those that come with big attachments and send any suspicious looking ones to our spam folder.
Oh, and if a sender is promising the cure for all known diseases, or claims to be the deposed monarch of Andromeda in need of some cash, we should just hit delete!
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Daytime UFO activity over Montréal, Canada 29-May-2018
Daytime UFO activity over Montréal, Canada 29-May-2018
New footage of a bright UFOs in the sky above Montreal in Canada. This was filmed on 29th May 2018.
Witness report:
2 like sphere with 2 rotating lights. I was sit on picnic table with a friend. I saw 2 objects in the sky. I was curious about what it is. I record these on my iphone. I stop recording when the object sere to far.
Moet je stekkers uit het stopcontact trekken als het bliksemt ? (en 6 andere vragen over onweer) - HLN.be
Moet je stekkers uit het stopcontact trekken als het bliksemt ? (en 6 andere vragen over onweer) - HLN.be
thinkstock
WEERNIEUWSHoe uitzonderlijk zijn felle onweersbuien in mei en wat kan je doen om een blikseminslag te voorkomen? “De kans dat je van de trap valt, is veel groter dan dat je door een bliksem wordt geraakt,” aldus Frank Deboosere. Zeven vragen en antwoorden over het onweer, nu het KMI code oranje voor het hele land afkondigt.
1. Waarom onweert het zo vaak de afgelopen dagen?
“Enerzijds is er een lagedrukgebied boven Frankrijk, en tegelijkertijd een hogedrukgebied boven Scandinavië,” legt weerman David Dehenauw uit. “Dat zorgt bij ons voor warme temperaturen en een hoge vochtigheid, waardoor er makkelijk onweer ontstaat.” Het gaat niet om een uitzonderlijk fenomeen, vult weerman Frank Deboosere aan. “Dit zijn typische zomerse onweders, die ontstaan op warme dagen. Weerkundig gezien is het nog steeds lente, maar qua temperaturen zijn we al volop in zomermodus.” Mei telt gemiddeld 13,5 onweersdagen, volgens cijfers van het KMI. Als het weer de komende dagen de voorspellingen volgt, zouden dat er dit jaar 17 kunnen worden. Dat is iets boven het gemiddelde, maar komt nog niet in de buurt van het record uit 1981 met 22 onweersdagen.
2. Hoe komt het dat die onweersbuien zo plaatselijk zijn?
“De afgelopen dagen kampten we niet met een grootschalige storing over het hele land, maar met lokaal erg verschillende onweerszones,” zegt Dehenauw. “Het zijn vaak hele kleine plaatselijke verschillen in de atmosfeer die lokaal voor onweer kunnen zorgen. Een bepaalde luchtvochtigheid, in combinatie met hoe de wind waait enzovoort. Waar het onweer zal ontstaan, is daarom erg moeilijk te voorspellen.” “Zomers onweer beslaat nooit grote regio’s tegelijkertijd, omdat er simpelweg niet genoeg water voor in de atmosfeer is,” zegt Deboosere. “Als er op sommige plaatsen meer dan 50 liter water per vierkante meter valt, kan er ergens anders niet nog eens zoveel water uit de lucht vallen.”
De kans dat je van de trap valt is veel groter dan de kans dat je door een bliksem geraakt wordt
Weerman Frank Deboosere
3. Moeten we onze elektrische apparaten uit het stopcontact halen als het onweert?
“Ja en zelfs nu nog meer dan vroeger,” tipt Deboosere. “We hebben intussen veel meer gevoelige elektronische apparaten dan pakweg vijftig jaar geleden, toen we hooguit een telefoon en een televisietoestel hadden. Als een bliksem inslaat, dan loopt die elektrische lading nog een tijdje door in de grond en via onder- en bovengrondse elektriciteitskabels. Zo kan een blikseminslag op enkele tientallen meters van jouw huis ook aan jouw apparaten schade aanrichten. Trek dus de computer, televisie, maar ook het wasmachine en de droogkast uit als er onweer zit aan te komen. Leg de stekkers ver genoeg weg van het stopcontact.”
4. Hoe groot is de kans op een blikseminslag?
“In België is er gemiddeld om de 20 maanden een blikseminslag per vierkante kilometer, oftewel 0,7 inslagen per jaar per vierkante kilometer.” legt Deboosere uit. “Dat cijfer is relatief en er zijn meer blikseminslagen in Hoog-België dan in Laag- en Midden-België. Het aantal mensen dat door een bliksem wordt getroffen, ligt met minder dan tien per jaar erg laag. De kans dat je van de trap valt, is veel groter dan de kans dat je ooit door een bliksem wordt geraakt. Bovendien is er nog één kans op de drie om te overleven als je door een bliksem wordt getroffen.”
Pas in de loop van het weekend ziet het er beter uit op de weerkaarten
5. Waar kan je beter (niet) schuilen als het onweert?
Blijf binnen, sluit de ramen en ga niet te dicht bij het raam staan. Ook in de wagen ben je veilig. Loop je toch over straat als er een onweer losbarst, maak je dan zo klein mogelijk, hou je voeten tegen elkaar en ga gehurkt zitten. Ga vooral niet schuilen onder een boom, wat de kans op een blikseminslag vergroot. Ben je met meerdere personen, probeer jullie dan zoveel mogelijk te verspreiden over het terrein. “De eerste bliksems zijn het gevaarlijkst,” aldus Deboosere. “Vaak regent het dan nog niet, waardoor je zelf nog niet nat bent. Water is een goede geleider, dus met een natte jas heb je een kleiner risico op het raken van vitale organen.” Toch wil Deboosere benadrukken dat een code oranje geen reden tot paniek mag zijn. “Het is een richtlijn die aangeeft dat je voorzichtig moet zijn en maatregelen kan nemen om je voor te bereiden. In zones die gevoelig zijn voor wateroverlast kan de riool worden vrijgemaakt of zandzakjes worden uitgedeeld bijvoorbeeld. Die kleurencodes zijn bedoeld om schade te voorkomen, niet om paniek te zaaien.”
6. Hoe weet je of er een onweer zit aan te komen in jouw buurt?
“Je kan een app met een buienradar raadplegen, die meestal voorspellingen maakt op basis van waar het op dit moment al onweert,” zegt Deboosere. “Zo’n apps concluderen bijvoorbeeld als het nu in Luik onweert, dat Limburg daarna zal volgen, op basis van de windrichting. Ikzelf gebruik de app van het KMI, die behalve de radarbeelden ook een mathematisch model gebruikt om te bekijken of de windrichting nog evolueert. Zo krijg je een meer accurate voorspelling.”
7. Blijft het onweer nog langer aanhouden?
“Woensdag zou het iets minder hevig zijn, maar donderdag is er opnieuw een grotere kans op onweer,” voorspelt Deboosere. “Pas in de loop van het weekend ziet het er iets beter uit op de weerkaarten.”
The 1970s had the Pentagon Papers – the documents released in 1971 by Daniel Ellsberg which detailed how President Johnson’s administration “systematically lied, not only to the public but also to Congress” about the Vietnam War, secret bombings of Cambodia and Laos, raids on North Vietnam and more. It looks like the 2010s are becoming the era of the Pentagon Tapes – the videos released detailing U.S. military encounters with UFOs and a secretive Defense Department program that investigated the sightings. The Pentagon Tapes are not as controversial as the Pentagon Papers … yet. However, if new reports keeping being released or leaked and they start to sound more and more like an extraterrestrial coverup, they could be bigger than the Pentagon itself.
The latest 13-page document was obtained by George Knapp, the award-winning investigative reporter at KLAS-TV in Las Vegas and a frequent host on Coast to Coast AM. The announcement by KLAS doesn’t reveal how it obtained the information but it has been working with former Senator Harry Reid who has said many times that there is considerable information available about military UFO encounters. That includes those seen in 2004 by crew members on the U.S.S. Nimitz aircraft carrier, the U.S.S. Princeton and a number of F-18 pilots who provided the video feeds and shocking commentary.
“Over a two-week period in late 2004, an unknown, 45-foot long Tic Tac shaped object played cat and mouse with the U.S. Navy off the coast of California.”
Knapp reports on lasvegasnow.com that this was not a single UFO incident but a series of encounters lasting two weeks. The report refers to them as Anomalous Aerial Vehicles (AAV) but social media today calls them the Tic Tac UFOs because of their white elongated oval shape.
“Among the key findings in the report — the AAV is not something that belongs to the U.S. or any other nation. It was so advanced, it rendered U.S. capabilities ineffective. It showed velocities far greater than anything known to exist, and it could turn itself invisible, both to radar and the human eye. Essentially, it was undetectable, and unchallenged.”
According to Knapp, claims like that in the report are corroborated by seven F-18 pilots and by radar operators on the ships, who saw the AAV descend from 60,000 feet down to 50 feet in seconds, remain stationary, accelerate to high speeds and make impossible turns – at least for known aircraft.
“At no time did they consider the AAV a threat to the battle group. Finally, they had never seen anything like this before and never again.”
No harm, no foul. No further investigation occurred at the time, although there is apparently another secret report from five years later that Knapp believes will never be released.
A simulation of the Tic Tac UFO
Why not? This one was. Well, kind of. Take a good look at it.
“The analysis report is not dated and has no logo, but four separate people who are familiar with its contents confirmed to the I-Team it is the real deal and was written as part of a Pentagon program.”
Are these Pentagon Papers or is this a Pentagon caper? As is so often the case, these UFO reports contain fuzzy photos, fuzzy documents and fuzzy sources. What’s clear is that many people like George Knapp, Harry Reid, Tom DeLonge and others believe the unfuzzy photos, documents and sources exist and they plan to keep on looking.
In some ways, mummies are the closest thing we have to real-life time travelers from the past. These preserved bodies clue us in on the ways people lived in ages long past and even reveal what they believed about death and the afterlife. Mummies are also an enduring source of mystery, as they rarely ever reveal a complete picture of their lives, deaths, or mummifications. Case in point: earlier this year, a bizarre and terrifying tiny mummy made headlines when modern DNA analysis revealed it to be merely the mummified skeleton of a horribly disfigured child as opposed to the alien everyone hoped it was.
Now, the mystery of another child mummy which has perplexed archaeologists has been unraveled, revealing a previously unknown mummification technique. In 2005, an archaeological excavation at a cemetery in a small village revealed over 500 graves dating from the 12th and 16th centuries. Among the discoveries was a tiny mummified child’s hand which had turned a rich, dark green over the centuries. The means by which the hand was mummified and became green remained a mystery until researchers at the University of Szeged in Hungary recently performed a detailed chemical analysis, publishing their results in the journal Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences.
According to the study, the tiny green hand belonged to either a stillbirth or a premature baby which died short after birth. The skeletal remains had levels of copper hundreds of times higher than average, the highest researchers had ever seen in a mummy. More interestingly, a copper coin was clutched in the baby’s hand. The researchers concluded that the copper’s antimicrobial effects helped protect the hand from decay, leading to its mummification as the rest of the body decomposed with the aid of bacteria. If confirmed, this would be the first known case of copper mummification.
The practice of placing coins on the eyes of the recently deceased is primarily associated with the ancient Greeks and Romans, although many Middle Eastern or Western Asian cultures practiced it as well.
The practice of burying loved ones with coins has been observed around the world throughout history, although it’s generally assumed that this practice stems from the belief that loved ones might need money in the afterlife for various reasons. Could they have been in cluded in other burials for the inherent microbial properties of the metals they were made from, or is this all a macabre coincidence?
Popular Group Of Researchers Release Videos Allegedly Showing Evidence Pilots Have Encountered With UFOs
Popular Group Of Researchers Release Videos Allegedly Showing Evidence Pilots Have Encountered With UFOs
Newly released videos apparently show military pilots encountering unidentified foreign objects.
To the Stars Academy for Arts and Science group claims that they have the videos that show proof pilots are coming into contact with UFOs
According to UFO researcher and board member of the Mutual UFO Network (MUFON) Rob Swiatek, these types of sightings have been going on for decades, and they can’t explain them. Swiatek added that the UFO seemed to move in intelligent manners and patterns, and it did not seem to be a natural phenomenon.
Swiatek said that there were thousands of UFO reports across the world every year. While UFO investigators can find explanations for the vast majority, 20% remains a mystery, he added
Swiatek believes that they are dealing with another intelligence, but cannot prove it.
The releasing of the videos spark a renewed interest whether or not aliens are piloting their spaceships. The New York Times reported in December about a military project Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program, which looked into UFO reports. The official announcement says the program ceased to operate in 2012, but many speculate the work continues.
Hampton Roads have many sightings, local researchers say. UFO Club of Virginia President Jessica Youness believes alien life has existed in our universe for millions of years.
Youness has shared her UFO sighting while walking her dog in Virginia Beach where she felt it was getting closer. She told her husband candidly that they should go in because it was coming closer.
Despite seeing a UFO herself, she tried to take a sceptical approach in her UFO report investigations. She explains that she wants to get rid of the sceptics and people who just want attention.
Researchers say they need the scientific community to prove there are extraterrestrials. Swiatek stressed that they need scientists and money to bring a lot of necessary brains and scientific tools to bear on the project, which has never been done to a large extent.
The Navy released a statement saying that most sightings by aviators are explainable while admitting that some are not. However, they noted that experimental aircraft, drones, and weather balloons are often challenging to identify from a distance while flying at high speed. They further stated that any UFO sighting is reported to the air space’s commanding authority.
You Can Now Visit Alien Worlds Thanks To This Awesome Interactive NASA Site
You Can Now Visit Alien Worlds Thanks To This Awesome Interactive NASA Site
NASA has created a virtual reality tool that lets you explore the imagined surface of exoplanet Kepler-186f (shown here in an animation) and other potentially habitable worlds.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
NASA – when it’s not busy recreating snowflakes in 3D and taking rather spectacular photographs of the poles – is quite keen on a bit of science communication. Its latest foray comes in the form of the Exoplanet Travel Bureau, an interactive exploration simulator that takes you to a variety of exoplanets.
It’s very cool, and we’d recommend diving in immediately to play around with it. It’s amazing to be able to get a 360° view of these worlds, and although they may have the graphical resolution of a slightly outdated video game, it’s easy to forget that these aren’t works of fiction, but representations of real worlds, out there, waiting to be explored.
When it comes to what these planets look like, though, there’s a fair bit of well-reasoned, artistic license at play. NASA acknowledge this upfront; we just haven’t gathered enough data yet to paint a fuller picture of these celestial objects in many cases.
In fact, much about the nearly 3,200 known planets beyond our own Solar System remains a bit enigmatic, down to the fact that we often can’t observe them directly, nor in high resolution. As explained over at the NASA Exoplanet Archive, we mostly detect these worlds indirectly.
Sometimes they move or “transit” in front of their host star, and we can see their silhouette. If the light passes through the atmosphere, the subsequent spectrographic analysis of the incoming light tells us what the gaseous envelope, if any, is comprised of.
Proxima b (a likely rocky world in the star system nearest our own) and the TRAPPIST star system (a bit further out, but also potentially habitable) were detected because they were pulling on their host stars, which caused them to wobble ever so slightly. Through this wobble, a surprising amount of physical parameters can be ascertained about these worlds, but the atmosphere is a different kettle of fish.
Some planets are massive enough to distort the light emerging from their host stars. This warping of the fabric of spacetime means that, sometimes, the light rays are focused and the entire endeavor becomes a cosmic magnifying glass. This distortion can also be picked up by exoplanet hunters.
Just a handful have been directly detected, but that’s rare. It’s like looking for a speck of dust attached to a massive spotlight.
The radial velocity method uses these stellar wobbles to detect changes in the color of the light astronomers observe. NASA
All in all, though, it means we can make estimates and best guesses of what these planets may be like, especially when we compare them to ones we know plenty more about – but several key details remain unclear.
That doesn’t stop anyone from enjoying the Exoplanet Travel Bureau, though, because it is nothing less than awesome. You can even fiddle with the planets’ parameters, including switching the atmosphere on and off, to see what it’s like either way.
In all likelihood, no one from Earth today will set foot on a world orbiting another star, but thanks to NASA, we may have the next-best thing.
NASA's Exoplanet Exploration tool lets anyone with an internet connection experience what it might be like to stand on the surface of a planet light-years from Earth and look up into the sky.
The website is designed to transport you to some popular exoplanet destinations — like Kepler-186f, the newest planet to be given this treatment — to look around the planet in 360 degrees.
A screenshot of the 360-degree view.
IMAGE: NASA-JPL/CALTECH
The images are interactive as well, allowing viewers to learn more about what you might actually see when standing on the planet's surface.
It's possible that some of these worlds could harbor water or even life, but that said, scientists don't know if any of them do.
Researchers understand that some of these worlds could be rocky, like Earth, due to their mass and distance from their host star, but they don't yet know if these worlds can actually sustain life.
There's a lot of guesswork when it comes to this kind of cutting-edge science.
"Because and the majority of Kepler-discovered planets are so distant, it is currently impossible to detect their atmospheres – if they exist at all – or characterize their atmospheric properties," Martin Still, a NASA exoplanet scientist, said in a statement.
"Consequently, we have limited knowledge about what these distant worlds are really like, but these surface visualizations allow us to imagine some of the possibilities," Still, who works on NASA's new exoplanet-hunting mission TESS, added in the statement.
That said, this ambiguity could change sometime in the near future.
NASA's James Webb Space Telescope — expected to launch in 2020 — could help scientists peer into the atmospheres of alien worlds to figure out if they could support life. In total, scientists know of more than 3,700 confirmed exoplanets out there in the universe.
TESS, short for Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, will also help scientists find more exoplanets circling some of the nearest stars to Earth in the not-too-distant future.
But until then, NASA's Exoplanet Travel Bureau has you covered, with its 360-degree images and even special, vintage-inspired travel posters that look like ads for the brave new worlds NASA and others have discovered.
US aircraft carrier was 'stalked for days by a UFO', leaked Pentagon report reveals
US aircraft carrier was 'stalked for days by a UFO', leaked Pentagon report reveals
Two Navy airmen flying in this footage from 2004 over the Pacific Ocean on a routine training mission claim they encountered mysterious objects that accelerated like nothing they had ever seen before. / New York TimesDaily Mail
A leaked Pentagon report has revealed new details about the UFO encounter that shocked Navy fighter pilots above the Pacific.
The 2009 report does not bear any date or agency logo, but four officials confirmed that it was written as part of a Pentagon programme with input from multiple agencies, KLAS reported.
The Las Vegas news station obtained the unclassified report while visiting Washington, DC for a debriefing arranged by former Senator Harry Reid.
The guided missile cruiser USS Princeton, right, The USS Princeton (seen in file photo) made multiple radar contacts with the objects in 2004.
Photo / Getty Images
The report reveals stunning new first-hand accounts of the November 14, 2004 encounter, which was documented in video that emerged in December of last year, the Daily Mail reported.
The incident unfolded as the Nimitz carrier group was conducting training exercises off the coast of southern California and Mexico ahead of a deployment to the Arabian Sea.
Beginning around November 10, the USS Princeton, a Ticonderoga-class guided missile cruiser, made multiple radar contacts with what the report calls an Anomalous Aerial Vehicle (AAV).
The senior chief fire controlman on the Princeton, which was equipped with ultra-advanced AN/SPY-1 multifunctional phased-array radar, reported that the AAV appeared from above 60,000 feet - the radar's scan ceiling - and descended "very rapidly" to about 50 feet above the surface of the ocean.
They would hover for a short time and then depart at high velocities and turn rates demonstrating advanced capabilities, the senior chief said.
The senior chief, who had 17 years of experience in fire control on cruisers, said he never obtained an accurate track on the AAV, because they exhibited speed consistent with a ballistic missile, but the radar was set to air intercept mode rather than ballistic missile tracking mode.
Then on November 14, the Princeton again detected an AAV around 11am and called it in two F/A-18 Hornets that happened to be returning to the USS Nimitz from a training exercise.
An E-2C Hawkeye surveillance plane was also operating in the area and attempted a radar contact on the AAV, but made only intermittent contact as was unable to gain a track.
The skies were clear and blue with unlimited visibility that day, and the sea was calm, according to the report.
The first fighter jet to investigate, a USMC single-seat F/A-18C, flew within five to 10 nautical miles of the AAV's location, but could not see it. Instead, he reported seeing a circular disturbance in the water about 50 to 100 meters in diameter. It reminded the pilot of something rapidly submerging in the ocean, like a submarine.
The report hypothesizes that 'it is possible that the disturbance was being caused by an AAV but that the AAV was "cloaked" or invisible to the human eye.'
The Marine pilot was called off after the controller asked a plane carrying ordnance to respond, which he was not. When he returned to the USS Nimitz, his intelligence officer asked him if he'd seen the 'supersonic Tic Tac'.
The next jet to respond was a Navy F/A-18F piloted by Cmdr. David Fravor and Lt. Cmdr. Jim Slaight, who made visual contact with the AAV that they have since publicly discussed, corroborating the report.
Fravor also spotted a disturbance in the water, almost as if it were boiling. But this time, hovering above the disturbance was a strange object.
The object was shaped like an elongated egg or a "Tic Tac", according to Fravor, and was "holding like a Harrier", the jump jet that can take off vertically.
Slaight, whose name is redacted from the report, described it as "solid white, smooth, with no edges. It was uniformly colored with no nacelles, pylons or wings".
He described the exterior of the object as "like it had a white candy-coated shell, almost like a white board".
When Fravor attempted to make a close pass of the object to attempt visual recognition, the object appeared to react, realigning its axis to point at the approaching plane. The AAV then ascended quickly and departed at supersonic speed.
When Fravor and Slaight returned to the Nimitz, the sailors in the intelligence center donned tin-foil hats to greet them, asking eagerly about their 'UFO flight'.
Later in the day, another plane made the video that has since been released, according to the report.
Around 3pm, another Navy F/A-18F tracked a remarkable object on FLIR, which Fravor's plane had not been equipped with.
The pilot said he couldn't confirm whether he had tracked the same object seen by Fravor and Slaight, because he never made visual contact, only tracked it through FLIR.
The report notes that the USS Louisville nuclear fast-attack submarine was operating in the area, and detected no unusual undersea activity over the duration of the incidents.
The incident was filed in a regular training mission report and it is unclear if it was reported up the chain of command, the report finds.
The aircrews involved made and kept a copy of the FLIR recording, but were subjected to a "high level of ridicule" over the incident, the report found.
Whatever the AAV was, the report stresses that it was 'no known aircraft or air vehicle currently in the inventory of the United States or any foreign nation.'
Former Senator Reid, now recovering following cancer surgery, and others have urged Congress to create a new Pentagon programme to study similar incidents as a matter of national security.
Another highly classified version of the leaked report was also written, but it is unlikely to ever be released.
Life on Mars: ‘Sphinx statue’ found in NASA photo evidence of ancient alien UFOs on Mars?
Life on Mars: ‘Sphinx statue’ found in NASA photo evidence of ancient alien UFOs on Mars?
NASA photographs of rock formations on Mars have been interpreted as a 200 foot-tall Sphinx statue, possibly built by ancient alien civilisations, it has been spectacularly claimed.
Life on Mars: Did NASA capture a Sphinx photo on the surface of Mars
Online UFO hunter and self-appointed space journalist Joe White claims to have stumbled upon the crumbling remains of a long-forgotten alien Sphinx statue on Mars.
Mr White presented his bizarre claim to the public after combing through hundreds of NASA photos taken by the space agency’s Curiosity Rover.
The bizarre rock formation in question at first glance appears to be reminiscent of an ancient Egyptian Sphinx statue, sparking fierce debate online.
Mr White shared the image online on his YouTube channel under the title “GIANT 200 ft SPHINX found on MARS”.
The UFO hunter wrote in the video description: “A close look at the five different viewing angles of the Mars giant Sphinx.
“Photographed over a number of years by the Curiosity Rover this Martian Sphinx statue that is over 200 feet long.
“Could it be the same size as the Egyptian Sphinx at Giza? It could well be.”
The Great Sphinx of Giza is the second most recognisable symbol of ancient Egypt, after the Pyramids, and is believed to date back to the reign of Pharaoh Khafre between 2558 and 2532 BC.
The Sphinx is a mythical creature part man part lion and stands on the west bank of the Nile on Giza Plateau.
Mr White has now claimed he found its extraterrestrial twin on the dusty surface of the Red Planet.
He said: “Is this irrefutable evidence of a civilisation on Mars in the past that we have been looking for?
“It looks like a Sphinx from the front, back and side in multiple images. What more could you ask for?
ALIEN ART TV
Life on Mars: Conspiracy theorists believe in a great NASA coverup of Mars UFOs
“The carefully cross-referenced photos in this video presentation show this beyond any reasonable doubt.
Could it be the same size as the Egyptian Sphinx at Giza? It could well be
Joe White, UFO hunter
“Anyone who says otherwise probably has an agenda and is not acting in our best interests.”
The UFO hunter’s video has already racked up more than 3,000 hits on YouTube and many of the viewers were seemingly convinced by the NASA photographs.
Grant Tracy wrote in a comment: “Like the Thunderbird opening! I used to watch that show in the states every week.
“Great photo analysis. Looks like plenty of NASA sand all around the object.”
Donnie Blair said: “How in the hell can you say that is just a rock or pareidolia? That looks like a head of a statue.
“Look how NASA fudge the picture all around the statue and on the statue but they hardly touched the head it looks like. Like they did that on purpose.”
However not everyone was conceived the oddly shaped rock formation is anything more than just some dusty rocks.
ALIEN ART TV
Life on Mars: The photos are most likely a mind trick known as pareidolia
Mark Harrison commented: “I'm all down for there being possible artefacts of a potential civilisation having lived on Mars but the Sphinx to me looks more like Jabba the Hut.”
Many viewers also suggested the “Sphinx” is a classic example of the psychological mind trick known as pareidolia.
UF hunters who fall prey to pareidolia often see shapes and patterns on Mars and other planets where they do not exist.
Cosmologist Carl Sagan speculated in 1995 pareidolia was an evolutionary trick developed by early humans to recognise foes from friends.
RUN, BIRD, RUN Birds most likely to have survived a mass extinction 66 million years ago would have been small (as seen in this artist’s depiction), able to fly and just fine living on the ground, researchers say.
PHILLIP M. KRZEMINSKI
Nothing against trees. But maybe it’s better not to get too dependent on them if you want to survive a big flaming space object crashing into Earth.
The asteroid impact that caused a mass extinction 66 million years probably also triggered the collapse of forests worldwide, a new investigation of the plant fossil record concludes. Needing trees and extensive plant cover for nesting or food could have been a fatal drawback for winged dinosaurs, including some ancient birds. Reconstructing the ecology of ancient birds suggests that modern fowl descended from species that survived because they could live on the ground, an international research team proposes in the June 4 Current Biology.
“You probably would have died anyway regardless of habitat,” says study coauthor Daniel Field, an evolutionary paleobiologist at the University of Bath in England. “But if you could get along on the ground, you at least had a shot at surviving across this devastated landscape.”
The shock wave from the strike probably flattened trees within a radius of 1,500 kilometers, Field says. Wildfires ignited around the planet and then came the acid rain. Clouds of ash and dust may have darkened the sky for several years, and researchers suspect that photosynthesis waned. Yet some lucky birds, but no other dinosaurs, survived the hellscape.
For clues to what made a survivor, researchers turned to fossilized pollen from before and after the fiery impact. Abundant kinds of flower-bearing and cone-bearing plants left pollen just before the asteroid hit and again starting about a thousand years afterward. In between those times of diversity, however, ferns dominated, the team notes. A kind of “disaster flora,” ferns (making spores instead of flowers and seeds) do well at recolonizing land. Seed plants, however, weren’t thriving.
Analyzing evolutionary histories of modern birds supports the idea of tree dependence as a vulnerability for the earliest fowl, the researchers say. Specialists in bird evolution now generally agree on the lowest, oldest branches of the bird family tree, Field says. The bottommost one, for instance, includes such modern species as ground-dwelling ostriches and smaller, flight-capable birds called tinamous, which might be more like the ancient birds that dodged extinction.
Working backward along these low branches, researchers used fossils and known bird traits to reconstruct the most likely lifestyles of the earliest survivors. These probably weren’t tree-dependent birds, the researchers conclude.
The glory days of dinosaurs had had plenty of flying tree-dwellers. So far, paleontologists have identified at least 80 kinds of what are called “opposite birds,” the Enantiornithes (SN: 2/4/17, p. 26). “If you saw one flying around today, you’d say, ‘Well, that’s a bird,’ ” Field explains. Their feet looked like those of birds that perch on tree limbs, so he’s not surprised that a fossil of an opposite bird from this probably arboreal group has never been found in rock formed after the dino doomsday.
What did happen, however, was that when trees and forests came back after the disaster, birds quickly evolved arboreal lifestyles, the team says.
Many people don’t realize that birds almost died off during the mass extinction, too, says paleontologist Stephen Brusatte of the University of Edinburgh who has studied bird evolution but was not involved in the new study. What let the few survivors squeak through, he says, has been a mystery for a long time. The whole scenario of a ground-dweller’s advantage and then a return to the trees “makes a lot of intuitive sense.”
S.L. Brusatte, J.K. O’Connor and K.D. O’Connor. The origins and diversification of birds. Current Biology. Vol. 25, October 5, 2015, p. R888. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.08.003.
The International Astronomical Union’s vote in 2006 to demote Pluto to dwarf planet status merely created “the illusion of scientific consensus,” according to a recent paper.
NASA, JHUAPL, SWRI
If Dr. Seuss had been an astronomer, Horton the Elephant (who heard a Who) would have said “a planet’s a planet, no matter how small.”
Even Pluto.
But don’t quote Dr. Seuss to the International Astronomical Union. In 2006, the IAU declared Pluto a planet not.
IAU Resolution B5 (not to be confused with Le Petit Prince’s asteroid B 612) declared that in order to be considered a planet, a body must clear the neighborhood around its orbit. Pluto, then, doesn’t qualify, because its “neighborhood” (way out beyond the orbit of Neptune) is populated by other bodies referred to as trans-Neptunian or Kuiper Belt objects. Two of them, Haumea and Makemake, have been recognized as “dwarf planets,” the same designation that the IAU now applies to Pluto.
This demotion of Pluto to dwarf status (no offense intended to dwarfs) makes sense, IAU defenders contend, because the asteroids (orbiting the sun mostly between Mars and Jupiter) aren’t planets, either — no one of them has cleared out the orbital neighborhood. After all, nobody would call an asteroid a PLANET. Except actually, nearly everybody called them planets for 150 years after they were discovered. Only half a century or so ago did astronomers stop considering most asteroids to be planets. And that shift had nothing to do with clearing out any neighborhoods, Philip Metzger of the University of Central Florida and colleagues point out in a new paper.
“The planetary science community did not reclassify asteroids on the basis of their sharing of orbits, which had been known … since the mid-19th century,” write Metzger and coauthors (including Alan Stern of the Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colo.). “Rather, they were reclassified beginning in the 1950s on the basis of new data showing asteroids’ geophysical differences from large, gravitationally rounded planets.”
When astronomers first discovered asteroids (Ceres and Pallas, in 1801 and 1802), the famous astronomer William Herschel did not consider them planets. He called them asteroids because they were “starlike,” too small to appear through his telescope as bigger than a point. All previously known planets (Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus) appeared as discernible disks. Those (except Uranus) had been known since ancient times; the Greeks called them “planets,” the word for “wanderers,” because they moved through the constant background patterns of the “fixed” stars.
After Herschel, though, everybody else generally referred to the asteroids as planets, since they orbited the sun (unlike moons, which orbited other planets). In 1845, for instance, the prominent scientist Alexander von Humboldt wrote in his masterwork Kosmos that the solar system consisted of 11 “primary planets,” five of them asteroids. (In the 1858 English version, a translator’s note updated that number to 16, adding four more asteroids plus Neptune.) Soon dozens more were added to the asteroid total. By the end of the 19th century hundreds of asteroids had been detected, and they were frequently referred to as “minor planets.” Metzger and colleagues scoured the astronomical literature since 1800 and found that astronomers consistently referred to asteroids as planets. Only Herschel, and in no case anyone after him, complained that shared orbits should disqualify asteroids from planetary status.
In 1951, Metzger and colleagues note, the authoritative Science News-Letter (now Science News, of course) proclaimed that “there are thousands of known planets circling our sun,” designating the big ones as “the chief planets” (including Pluto, discovered in 1930). Other astronomy writers held a similar view. In 1959, the prolific science popularizer Isaac Asimov noted that some preferred to call asteroids “planetoids” (because they are not, in fact, starlike). “Even planetoid isn’t quite a fair name,” Asimov wrote. “The planetoids do not merely have the form of planets; they are planets. To emphasize their small size, though, they are frequently called minor planets and that is perhaps the best name of all.”
But in the 1960s, Metzger and colleagues note, use of “minor planets” diminished as better observations revealed geophysical distinctions between the smaller asteroids and the major planets. Small asteroids had irregular shapes rather than the approximate roundness of big planets. And spectroscopic analyses of asteroid composition plus new ideas about how asteroids formed suggested that most of them were not really very much like planets after all.
“This history indicates that it was geophysical characteristics, not sharing of orbits, that led to the shift in terminology in which asteroids were no longer called planets,” Metzger and collaborators conclude.
Metzger, Stern and coauthors do not say anything about Pluto in their paper. But the implication is obvious: Denying planet status to Pluto is an arbitrary determination (by the IAU) based on a definition without justification in the astronomical literature. It was concocted and voted on at a big meeting, not derived from actual scientific usage. Planetary status should be determined, as it was with asteroids, by the progression of astronomical science, not by voting on an arbitrary definition.
“Voting on key taxonomical terminology and the relationships between taxa is anathema in science,” Metzger and colleagues write. It’s “contrary to the traditions evolved over many centuries to reduce social, political and personal cognitive biases in science. It injects unhelpful dynamics and social pressures into science and impinges on individual scientists’ taxonomical freedom…. We recommend that, regarding planetary taxonomy, central bodies such as the IAU do not resort to voting to create the illusion of scientific consensus.”
But don’t expect the issue about Pluto’s status to be resolved anytime soon. It’s not a case where the question is complicated but the answer is simple. Nevertheless, by reading through the historical literature on planets and asteroids, Metzger and colleagues have improved the prospects for a better-informed debate. After all, “The more that you read, the more things you will know. The more that you learn, the more places you’ll go.”
UFO Sighting: Solid Black Triangle Over Jacksonville, Florida
UFO Sighting: Solid Black Triangle Over Jacksonville, Florida
I would have been excited too. It appears to keep a consistent shape. Meaning, the lights aren't moving independently from one another like lanterns. Watch again and look for the two separate shades of black (the sky and the craft). Interesting.
(Excerpted from Darklore Volume 4, which is available from Amazon US and Amazon UK)
by The Emperor
In an essay in Darklore (Volume 3), I looked at the odd connections between occultists and science fiction writers, at the core of which lay the strange duo of rocket scientist and occultist Jack Parsons, and science fiction author-come-religious guru L. Ron Hubbard. The overarching themes were: the influence of science fiction on Parsons’ occult (and rocketry) ideas, the possibly that some things were essentially fiction presented as fact (the Philadelphia Experiment, and perhaps even the Strategic Defense Initiative) and that some events in the their story were forms of the ‘Big Con’.
Here we will be looking at ‘the Saucerers’: an oddly closely-knit group of men from the science fiction and occult communities who, through accident or design, managed to conjure the flying saucers into existence. Specifically we’ll be examining the Extraterrestrial Hypothesis (ETH) that grew from this. For clarity’s sake: this is the idea that aliens are visiting us in flying saucers and taking an interest in human affairs. There are, clearly, numerous theories that might involve aliens or visitors from… elsewhere (perhaps in time, possibly from another dimension) but this seems to be the general idea the man in the street has. Other more exotic variations on the theme require examinations of different individuals and their theories.
However, before we look at these characters at the Dawn of the Modern Era of UFOs, we need to peek back into those strange pre-dawn years when the foundations were put into place for the bizarre edifice that would later be built.
Before the Dawn
Although Emanuel Swedenborg was reporting journeys to other planets back in the 18th century, the origins of the ETH lie at the end of the 19th century and the start of the 20th. Here we see H.G. Wells’ Martians visiting in fiction and Helene Smith making the return journey in…‘fact’. Despite some suggestions that the craft seen in the 1896–1897 airship flap were from Mars, the first significant linking of strange lights in the sky with alien visitors was in the proto-ufology of Charles Fort. However, other people were also reporting contact with aliens a number of years before Fort started publishing his findings.
In my previous article I raised the possibility that science fiction was being passed off as factual accounts of real events, and when we go back to the late 19th century we find Theosophy, which did this blatantly. And, in doing so, laid the foundations for the ETH.
The movement’s hugely influential founder, Helena Blavatsky, produced two key volumes, Isis Unveiled(1877) and The Secret Doctrine (1888), which claimed to synthesise the wisdom of the ancients. However, William Coleman looked at the sources and found a lot to be concerned about: rather than drawing on vast numbers of ancient texts, Blavatsky had copied large sections from a limited number of relatively recent books.
For our purposes, what is relevant is that she also drew heavily on speculative fiction, in particular the work of Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton, best known these days for the opening line “it was a dark and stormy night.” It is his hollow earth novel The Coming Race (1871) which provided Theosophy with the concept of the ‘Vril’ power, but Blavatsky also drew on a range of his books. According to Prof. Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke, an expert on Western Esotericism:
Her fascination with Egypt as the fount of all wisdom arose from her enthusiastic reading of the English author Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton. His novel The Last Days of Pompeii (1834) had been conceived of as a narrative of the impact of the Isis cult in Rome during the first century AD. His later works, Zanoni (1842), A Strange Story(1862), and The Coming Race (1871), also dwelt on esoteric initiation and secret fraternities dedicated to occult knowledge in a way which exercised an extraordinary fascination on the romantic mind of the nineteenth century. It is ironical that early theosophy should have been principally inspired by English occult fiction.
This didn’t end with Blavatsky’s books, though. This information was passed on and the provenance obfuscated with each iteration:
An entire procession of cults and obscure religious sects has followed Blavatsky’s lead, copying their doctrines from her and from one another while simultaneously denying their true sources and instead attributing their second- and third-hand revelations to further contact with the Hidden Masters of the Great White Brotherhood. This process has been called “genealogical dissociation” (Johnson 1995; 158) and has continued through groups more-or-less in the classical Theosophical mold, such as Guy Ballard’s I AM or Elizabeth Clare Prophet’s Church Universal and Triumphant, and also into more up-to-date models in the form of the flying saucer contactee cults that replace the Hidden Masters in their Himalayan hideaways with Space Brothers winging in their cosmic wisdom from Venus or the Pleiades. J. Gordon Melton has noted that the flying saucer is practically the only new element of the story — many of the older tales had the element of interplanetary travel already, such as Blavatsky’s Hidden Masters originating in the distant past when the Lords of Flame traveled to earth from Venus — and that even this element is often absent from current contact accounts, leaving them almost indistinguishable from nineteenth-century accounts.
For example, Guy Ballard, and other Theosophists, gravitated towards Mount Shasta in California. The interest in this location was sparked by Frederick Spencer Oliver’s 1905 book A Dweller on Two Planets, which tells of Lemurians escaping the destruction of their home and taking up residence under the mountain. The book, written between 1883/1884 and 1886, but only published after Oliver’s death, was allegedly channelled through automatic writing. However, it is essentially science fiction, or according to L. Sprague de Camp (who we met in the last Darklore piece) “a tiresome occult novel.” According to the 2002 introduction by John B. Hare, who also considers it “a work of speculative fiction”:
This book is openly acknowledged as source material for many new age belief systems, including the once-popular “I AM” movement (whose founder, Guy Ballard, plagiarized extensively from this book), the Lemurian Fellowship, and Elizabeth Claire Prophet. According to Shirley MacLaine, A Dweller on Two Planets jumped out of a bookshelf into her hands in a New Age bookstore in Hong Kong (and obviously had a big influence on her subsequently).
Although Blavatsky included Ascended Masters from Venus, it was never a core of her teachings – it was Ballard who would “become the first to actually build a religion on contact with extraterrestrials.” He claimed that he was in frequent contact with them, being visited by Venusians while at Mount Shasta. The important distinction, as noted above, is that these interplanetary journeys (usually within the Solar System, as understood by science at the time) were done through more mystical means.
Contact was often made through channelling and automatic writing and “following the lead of the fantastic voyage novels, contactees either travelled astrally, woke up from a sleep to find themselves mysteriously transported to their destination, or experience some form of what might be called dematerialization” – a mode of transport best known through fiction, like John Carter’s voyages to Mars, first written about by Edgar Rice Burroughs in 1919. What is missing is the idea of the flying saucer itself – for that we have to look to another source, which has its roots in the work of Charles Fort.
While Fort’s ideas were carried on in their original form by the Fortean Society, it was another group altogether that would expose his work to a wider audience – science fiction authors. Jerome Clark has said that the Books of Charles Fort (1941) were “a classic only in the cult sense, functioning mostly as a source of ideas for science fiction writers.” In particular this included a serialisation of Lo!, starting in the April 1934 edition of Astounding Science Fiction, the leading magazine to spearhead the ‘Golden Age of Science Fiction’ (publishing a large number of the key players in my last Darklore article). Arthur C. Clarke has said, “No choice could have been more appropriate for a science fiction magazine, and Fort’s writing was to have an immense influence on the field,” in particular on the young Clarke. “I found his eccentric – even explosive – style stimulating and even mind-expanding,” Clarke would later write, and it is evident in his various television series on strange phenomena.
We also know others read his work: Lovecraft checked out a number of his books from the library and even name-checked him a few times in his books. The dark theme behind the phrase “we are property” proved especially influential, as were the early glimmerings of the ancient astronaut idea, with some of the related ideas having Theosophical overtones. It would even be science fiction writer Damon Knight who helped with the rediscovery of Fort in the later parts of the 20th century, writing the biography Charles Fort: Prophet of the Unexplained (1970) and overseeing the release of the Complete Works of Charles Fort (1974).
With these ideas simmering away in the background during the first half of the 20th century, we now turn to look at how they emerged fully-formed as the ETH in the very early hours of the Dawn of the Modern Era of UFOs.
Ray Palmer
The late John Keel, the famous Fortean investigator best known for his Mothman Prophecies, has described Ray Palmer as “The Man Who Invented Flying Saucers,” and this wouldn’t be far wrong. In 1938, Palmer took over as the editor of an ailing science fiction magazine, Amazing Stories, that would have sunk without trace except for a chance discovery in the, normally rejected, crank pile. The letter was from one Richard Shaver, and was published in the December 1943 issue. The reader response to Shaver’s description of an ancient alphabet prompted Palmer to ask for more material. He received “A Warning for Man,” a 10,000-word piece which Palmer then reworked into a 31,000-word story with the more impressive (and Theosophically-influenced) name “I Remember Lemuria!” Published in March 1945, this wild ‘true story’ told of “death rays, tunnelling machines, high-tech ancient civilizations and even flying disks!” These stories, and subsequent tales – mainly revolving around the underground-dwelling race of ‘Deros’, with evil plans for us surface dwellers – proved an instant hit. Letters flew in and the circulation would grow by an order of magnitude until it was one of the most successful sci-fi magazines, selling a quarter of a million copies and moving from being a quarterly to a monthly. Although it could be dismissed as the ramblings of a paranoid schizophrenic, there was a degree of effort put into making these stories readable and engaging:
Shaver’s stories were heavily rewritten by Ray Palmer originally, and then later by other writers who were assigned to The Shaver Mystery job by Palmer…
…Palmer was the publishing genius behind Shaver, and it was no doubt Palmer’s sophisticated knowledge of literature, science fiction and contemporary science, myth and legend that propelled The Shaver Mystery into the public eye so successfully.
Another key story at this time was Harold Sherman’s Green Man tales, “The Green Man” (October 1946) and “The Green Man Returns” (December 1947), which also appeared in Palmer’s Amazing Stories. The tales – featuring Numar, the green-hued main character – were apparently inspired by Sherman’s own odd experience:
Sometime in the year 1945, when Martha and I were living in Chicago, I had a series of visions wherein I saw Space Beings, possessed of high intelligence, visiting our Earth in space ships of different shapes and sizes, for the purpose of exploration and eventually to fill our skies with large space vehicles, coming in force, hopefully on a friendly mission to help Mankind save itself from self-destruction.
So, by 1947, large numbers of readers were following the advice/warning that would become enshrined in the end of the 1951 film The Thing From Another World: “Watch the skies!” They didn’t have long to wait.
While flying near Mount Rainier, Washington, pilot Kenneth Arnold famously sighted a number of UFOs on June 24, 1947, which now officially marks the start of the Modern Era of UFOs. However, although the press coverage spawned the term ‘flying saucer’, the objects weren’t classic flying saucers, being described as something more like a flying wing (half-moon or bat-wing). In addition there was no claim that they were alien vehicles. However, Palmer spotted the parallels with the stories he’d been publishing, and quickly moved to jump on that particular bandwagon – a letter from Ray Palmer to Kenneth Arnold arrived on July 15. Palmer would send Arnold off to investigate the Maury Island Incident, which ‘happened’ three days before Arnold’s sightings. It would prove to be a strange conspiracy quagmire: suggestions of bugging emerged, and the main figure, Fred Crisman – who was known to Palmer – would go on to be linked with the JFK assassination.
Kenneth Arnold with an illustration of his UFO sighting
Palmer, with a keen eye on the zeitgeist, launched a factual magazine in 1948 called Fate, and the first issue included Arnold’s account of his encounter. The two would then collaborate on a book that expanded on this, The Coming of the Saucers (1952), published by Palmer’s Amherst Press.
Despite the fact that whatever Arnold saw wasn’t actually shaped like the classic flying saucer, the term proved suitably evocative and it was up to science fiction again to provide the image. The back cover of the November 1947 edition of Palmer’s Fantastic Adventures featured “a flotilla of golden saucers above the New York skyline, and the words: ‘Will the ancient gods of Egypt and other lost civilisations come back to Earth in time to avert an atom war?’”
As the UFO phenomena evolved, we find Palmer’s fingerprints all over the work of the early contactees. For example, Orfeo Angelucci worked at the Lockheed aircraft plant in California, not long after one of the giants of the early Contactee movement, George van Tassel, had left. In his 1955 book The Secret of the Saucers Angelucci describes how, on his way home from work, he would occasionally bump into aliens and their flying saucers. However, the origin of this seems to go back to the job he had before joining Lockheed, as he describes himself in his book:
For several months I worked as manager of the Los Feliz Club House. In my spare time I endeavored to write a motion picture script. It was more of a hobby than anything else. I didn’t really expect the script to be accepted as I’d had no writing experience. As the idea of space travel was quite popular in the films then, I concentrated on a story about an imaginary trip to the moon. Several studios were interested in the finished manuscript, but it was never made into a motion picture.
This has led one commentator to note…
Orfeo Angelucci’s contactee story began as a movie script titled Worlds are Mad Tonight. He came to realize it had little financial potential and “lay gathering dust and forgotten” before the aliens came forward to tell him it was true.
It gets even more interesting though, because this book was published by Ray Palmer’s Amherst Press, and it appears Palmer was involved at every stage. Of course, Palmer was the editor and publisher, but there is something odd about the book’s credits, as described in the 2007 introduction:
Angelucci’s name doesn’t appear on the title page, simply Palmer as editor. Angelucci is, strangely, only listed as a copyright holder.…The book makes a brisk read (again, a hallmark of Palmer), and if you suspend disbelief, it works as science fiction as well.
As we’ve seen with Shaver, Palmer took a very ‘hands on’ approach to his ‘editing’ and this seems to be no exception.
It was also Palmer’s Fate that gave an early venue to the man who would take the flying saucer story up to a new level. In Fate’s July 1951 edition was an article entitled “I Photographed Space Ships” – by one ‘Prof.’ George Adamski.
George Adamski
Adamski’s story is a strange and complex one. He had established the Royal Order of Tibet during the late 1920s, which preached a Theosophical-based philosophy, although Adamski claimed it was really a front for bootleg liquor during the Prohibition. However, the group continued on after the end of Prohibition in 1933 and started publishing books and pamphlets in 1936. They also moved on from their initial base at Laguna Beach, California and, after a time on a nearby ranch, he and his followers ended up at Mount Palomar in 1944. There they lived in a commune with Adamski working in a restaurant catering to people visiting the Mount Palomar Observatory, further up the mountain. His involvement with UFOs started with a series of sightings, one in October 1946 and another only weeks after Arnold’s had hit the news. This all seemed par for the course in the late forties, but things got interesting toward the end of 1949 when four military men dropped by – including two scientists from the Point Loma Naval Electronics Laboratory who asked Adamski if he could provide any photographs. He soon obliged, and it was these sensational images which garnered Adamski a lot of interest at the time…and a huge amount of scorn later, as they were obviously rather bad fakes.
Although stuck up the side of a mountain, Adamski seems to have had strong connections with other contactees and esoteric groups of the period. According to Jacques Vallee, Adamski had connections with the occult fascist William Dudley Pelley. Pelley had mystical experiences before WWII and become a supporter of Hitler during the war, which led to him being jailed for treason. He was only released on the understanding that he avoided politics, leading him to return to his more esoteric interests. Although there was strong crossover between his followers and Guy Ballard’s group, it was in the post-war period, around 1950, that another important individual, George Hunt Williamson worked for Pelley. The latter may have even introduced Williamson to Adamski.
Together Adamski and Williamson would be part of one of the most important events in the early years of the Modern Era of UFOs, when they travelled into the Mojave Desert on November 20, 1952. Leaving the rest of the party, Adamski met Orthon, a Nordic Venusian. After the alien had departed Williamson took plaster casts of some footprints, that are said to have included a reversed swastika in the pattern.
The first of Adamski’s books on his encounters with flying saucers and their occupants, Flying Saucers Have Landed, was released in 1953. Surprisingly, he did not write the bulk of it; instead, large portions were penned by British Theosophist Desmond Leslie. In keeping with the broader themes of this piece, Leslie’s journey started when his publisher asked him to research UFOs for a science fiction story and he ended up concluding they were real. Leslie’s contribution would also be significant because it was very Fortean in tone with a distinctly Theosophical spin to it, putting forward the case for ancient visitations by aliens.
Williamson would go on to write Other Tongues – Other Flesh, published in 1953 by… yes you guessed it, Ray Palmer’s Amherst Press. According to Donna Kossy, “Williamson’s version of the origin of humanity draws heavily on Pelley’s Star Guests, which itself draws from ‘I AM’ (Guy and Edna Ballard’s ‘Ascended Master’ cult which flourished in the 1930s), Theosophy, the Bible and possibly other sources.” Mankind’s ultimate origin was said to be Sirius, but the Earth was, he claimed, also populated by other sinister races from places like Orion. This leads Kossy to conclude “Many of the space brothers’ messages, as received by contactees such as Williamson and Adamski, are transparent right-wing political statements whose authority is legitimised because they come from a ‘higher intelligence.”
The Theosophy link here is also important as it not only plugs Adamski firmly into the broader occult scene in California, but also seems to be a continuation of the long ‘tradition’ of basing your teachings on science fiction. The main difference here is that the science fiction he lifted and presented as fact, was his own. Adamski’s earlier science fiction novel was little known, until it was reprinted recently, and Marc Hallet had to order a copy from the Library of Congress. His findings, when he got to read the book, were quite startling – almost all of Adamski’s space adventures were actually already all there in the earlier, fictional, work, something Palmer knew well:
‘Inside The Space Ships’ is nothing more than a science fiction book. The best proof we have of this is that it is a “remake” of a science-fiction book entitled Pioneers of Spacewhich Adamski wrote in 1949.
…To your surprise you will discover that these two books give exactly the same descriptions of space (with the fireflies), the Moon (with snow on mountains, forests, lakes, artificial hangers and even small running animals), the scout ship (with the great lens in the middle of the cabin and the graphs on the walls), the mother ship (with its two “skins”), and even little details such as the portrait of the Great One in the mother ship, the famous Saturnian badge with the balance, etc… You will also be pleased also to see that the Masters’ pompous statements are exactly the same, something that demonstrates that Adamski had a poor imagination and was unable to create new or original philosophical concepts. His lack of imagination was so great that his book Cosmic Philosophy published in 1961 was mainly based on texts he had written in the ’30s.
However, there is one element that is not from his books which helped make his story one of the most compelling from the early Contactee era – the meeting of a Venusian in the Mojave Desert.
Given Adamski’s fondness for ‘recycling’, and apparent problems with coming up with new material, the question arises: where did he get this idea from? The answer may come from an examination of the wider occult vortex in California, and it brings us back to the focus of my previous piece in Darklore: Jack Parsons and L. Ron Hubbard. In 1946, while the two were engaged in occult rituals in Pasadena, Jack Parsons claims to have met a Venusian in the Mojave Desert. The exact timing and context are unclear, but as he was apparently alone, this appears to be the time when his magickal partners L. Ron Hubbard and Marjorie Cameron were both away. During this time, on February 28, 1946, Parsons went into the Mojave Desert and ‘received’ Liber 49, The Book of Babalon. He said of the experience “[t]he presence of the Goddess came upon me and I was commanded to write the following communications.” According to biographer John Carter, “[t]he Venusian apparently was the implied source of Liber 49.”
Both Adamski and Parsons were part of the occult scene in California, although the latter seems more central, with authors and adepts dropping by his house when they were in town. However, there are more explicit links. According to one of Parsons’ biographers: “[Max] Schneider and his wife had a small cabin on Mount Palomar that members of the lodge often used for short retreats.” Paul Rydeen provides more details of the Palomar link:
In “Alchemical Conspiracy and the Death of the West” Michael Hoffman writes of Parsons. Hoffman tells us that the Ordo Templi Orientis (OTO) had a temple on nearby Mount Palomar. The local Indians regarded the mountain as holy. Hoffman says, “The OTO believed that Palomar was the sexual chakra of the Earth.” Parsons commuted regularly between Palomar and Pasadena. The Mount Palomar Observatory opened in 1949. Smith probably consecrated his temple on Palomar soon after his move to California in 1930, before the Observatory was planned.
There is one final potential link, which, if proved, would show the direct line of transmission of this last piece of the jigsaw. It has been suggested that Hubbard and Adamski met in 1951 (i.e. after Hubbard and Parsons’ relationship had soured, but a year before Adamski said he met the aliens in the Mojave), and discussed science fiction and UFOs.
Beyond Adamski
Charles Laughead is one of the best examples of the way people would rattle around the occult/contactee scene in the early days of the Modern Era of UFOs. He and his wife seem to have had a crisis of faith in the late 1940s and gone on the search for enlightenment, which brought them into contact with the group coalescing around Marion Keech (real name Dorothy Martin) in 1949–1950. This group started channelling contacts with aliens (which, as we’ve seen, continued seamlessly from the Theosophical groups into the contactees) and started producing messages about a coming apocalypse in December 1954. This caught the attention of the media and, through them, a group of sociologists and psychologists who infiltrated the group and were able to monitor the dynamics as the deadline of doom came and went – resulting in one of the best books on the topic, When Prophecy Fails (1956). Although they put it all down to a simple group state, there were certainly strange events swirling around the group, including a number of odd visitors, some of whom might later have been described as Men in Black. Following the collapse of the group, Keech returned to Hubbard’s Dianetics movement, which she had earlier been involved with, and would later journey to Peru where she and George Hunt Williamson established the Abbey of the Seven Rays in 1957. The Laugheads were also in Williamson’s orbit – but they also, importantly, met Dr. Andrija Puharich.
Puharich is perhaps best known for being Uri Geller’s mentor, but he had been researching parapsychology since the late 1940s. In December 1952 he was working with Dr D.G. Vinod, who started channelling communications from a group calling themselves ‘The Nine’. These communications continued on and off until 1953, when, in front of a group of nine (including people like Arthur M. Young), they revealed themselves as the various aspects of God. Laughead and his wife would come into contact with Puharich and Young three years later in a Mexican hotel. While Puharich was not initially impressed by the information passed on to him (apparently channelled by Williamson), a follow-up letter from Laughead made him pay attention because the communications it contained paralleled what he had received via Vinod, adding an extraterrestrial spin to proceedings. This seemed to be independent confirmation of the information, and the Nine would simmer away in the background until he met Uri Geller in the seventies when, after asking Geller leading questions under hypnotism, he seems to have got in contact with similar entities. Those who have read the previous article may start to spot a similar situation to the ones we saw with Parsons, Jessup and Bennewitz, in which an individual is an unknowing ‘actor’ in a ‘play’ where the other ‘actors’ have access to the ‘script’. Basically, it looks like Puharich is the focus of a Big Con – the information would only be convincing if the sources were really independent. Given Laughead’s links throughout the occult/contactee groups, and the way he kept popping up like a Joker in the pack, there must be the suspicion that he was able to access enough information to fool Puharich. Why anyone would do this is unclear, as he ran CIA-sponsored remote viewing experiments and is considered to be very much an insider. However, it could be read a different way. Could Puharich’s beliefs have been deliberately altered early on? This would then result in him being an unwitting actor in later events, which included widespread use of hypnosis to recover further information from Geller, which we know tends to generate a fiction based on a mix of the therapist’s and the patient’s beliefs. If so, this would mean the idea of the Nine originated elsewhere, and Puharich was manipulated into believing it was true.
N. Meade Layne was also in Southern California, had links with the OTO and was member of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Layne’s contacts spanned the occult/contactee world, and he established Borderlands Science Research Associates (now Foundation) in 1945, which was discussing UFOs before even Arnold’s sightings. One key role was in publicising information emerging from other sources. These included the channelling of ‘E Yada Da Shi’ite’ from the ‘Interplanetary High Council’ by Mark Probert, which “in early 1946…swerved into the same new theme Harold Sherman caught in his story ‘The Green Man’ – the imminent arrival of extraterrestrial craft in Earth’s skies.” So it wasn’t just the science fiction fans who were watching the skies in 1946/1947.
Conclusion
I must admit when I was younger and knew less about UFOs I had assumed the Extraterrestrial Hypothesis stemmed from…you know, aliens visiting us. However, the true origins appear to lie in the occultists and science fiction writers (and some science fiction-writing occultists) who jumped on Arnold’s sighting of…something, and promoted the idea that these were the alien visitors they’d been writing about/talking to for the decades running up to 1947. Some would even go on to ‘meet’ these visitors from the stars. These individuals tend to fall into two groups. On the east coast we have the Chicago group associated with Raymond Palmer, “the man who invented flying saucers,” which also included Harold Sherman. They had effectively primed the pump and moved hard and fast to dominate the very earliest sightings and publications. On the west coast there is the giant cauldron of California containing the powerful mix of the occult, sci-fi and UFOs. It is here that the ball Palmer put into play was picked up and run with. However, we also see his direct influence, working on and publishing books and articles from this group.
There is also another organization which certainly moved quickly in the wake of Kenneth Arnold’s sighting (even if it was not overly successful in anticipating it). In light of the details covered earlier, the July 8, 1947 announcement by the Air Force that a flying saucer had crashed at Roswell – coming so soon after Arnold’s (during the initial wave of excitement it generated) – seems suspicious, as it was perfectly timed to keep the momentum going with an official acknowledgement of the phenomena (even if it was rapidly withdrawn). We also have the active involvement of the Navy in Adamski’s story. While we might expect to find them in connection with the Philadelphia Experiment (as it was allegedly a Navy project) and Parsons (who had contracts with the Navy), it is definitely odd in this context – and a wider examination of the field shows them popping up in strange places.
On analysing the Modern Era of UFOs we see it less as a new phenomena and more an evolution of existing ideas. Theosophy’s Ascended Masters became increasingly extraterrestrial, and contact with them moved from channelling, to their arriving in space ships (although, as we’ve seen, channelling was still important long after flying saucers appeared in the skies). The home of the ‘aliens’ has also changed – moving further away from the Earth as science brought us more information about the planets, forcing them to ‘abandon’ Mars, with its canals, for Venus and then the outer planets in the Solar System, before heading out into deep space. We can also see the abduction phenomena as a further evolution, one which shed a lot of the mystical trappings and made it a lot more personal and more modern – emphasising technology, and ditching uplifting messages for darker medical interventions.
What I do want to emphasize though is that I am not dismissing the majority of UFO reports as science fiction. My concern is that the peculiar mix of individuals had already defined the ‘story’ long before the Dawn of the Modern Era of UFOs, and they moved quickly to put their version of this story into place within days. A few years later this mythos was firmly in place and a number of the leading flying saucer proponents were perfectly happy to rebrand their science fiction as bona fide science fact. This established a framework that other people used to interpret their strange experiences, creating a positive feedback loop that reinforced the prevailing paradigm. The introduction of hypnotically-recovered memories made this even more problematic because – as has been ably described elsewhere – the hypnotist and/or the subject’s worldview can shape the memories. This can result in apparently consistent accounts that also help convince people of the reality of this idea.
There is another issue too. Ufology, which should be a broad and flexible discipline, is largely focused on flying saucers and their alien pilots. This serves to limit the scope of inquiry and pretty much guarantees that the broad consensus (especially amongst the general public) remains that they are in fact visitors from other worlds making a bit of a nuisance of themselves. As I showed in my first two articles for Darklore, there is an odd crossover between ufology and the wilder fringes of cryptozoology, with similar reports of strange clouds in connection with UFOs, religion and other Fortean phenomena. Greg Taylor also discussed this in relation to sounds in Darklore Volume 1, and there are many more such examples which suggest ufology isn’t a discretely defined field.
The idea that the ETH (as described) is essentially artificial slots into a number of other ideas that are out there. Operation Bluelight is a pretty wild conspiracy theory that suggests some shadowy group are going to undermine the world’s faiths, and then engineer a vast faked alien armada that would help them impose a new global UFO religion. We could say that this fits into a class of ideas we’ll call the ‘Strong Watchmen Plan’ – after Alan Moore’s classic comic book series, in which one of the superheroes launches a vast scheme to create such an overwhelming external threat that the people of Earth would have to back away from the brink of Mutually Assured Destruction.
A more general idea for faking ‘the Voice of God’ (and possibly also using some kind of aerial hologram) goes back to the ideas put forward to get rid of Fidel Castro (which seem to have originated with Ian Fleming, who I mentioned in the last Darklore), and came up again with the invasion of Iraq in 1991. Ufologist Jacques Vallee also stumbled across the infamous ‘Pentacle Memorandum’, which advocated that the military monitor specific places that had a lot of reported UFO activity, while further suggesting that “many different types of aerial activity should be secretly and purposefully scheduled within the area.” As should be obvious, it might be possible to fake this in a limited way, for a handful of people – however, increasing it up to a planetary scale is almost impossible to do convincingly (and let us not forget that belief is a difficult thing to shift, even when presented with actual facts). The beauty of the concept put forward here is that you don’t need to go to all that trouble. Having the idea in place early means you don’t need to micromanage proceedings – people have been seeing lights in the sky, and meeting strange entities, throughout history; all you need to do is update the model they use to interpret their unusual experiences.
Lynn Picknett and Clive Prince have also looked at the interconnections between people in the occult/contactee groups and suggested that there was some kind of conspiracy at work. The main axis for this seems to be Andrija Puharich and the group channelling the Nine, but it also connects with Hubbard/Parsons and the CIA. However, it would require Puharich to be some kind of eminence gris, pulling a lot of the strings behind the scenes. But, as I noted earlier, at some points in his story he seems to have been the victim of at least one Big Con. Nevertheless, the connections they uncover are significant no matter what the underlying driving force is.
While researching this piece I came across John Michael Greer’s new book, The UFO Phenomenon: Fact, Fantasy and Disinformation, which parallels a lot of my thinking on the subject and helped fill in some gaps. Greer suggests what might be going on is what we could consider the ‘Weak Watchmen Plan’:
Attempts to shape the consciousness of a culture or an age using powerful symbolic patterns, in other words, are among the things occultists do. The possibility exists that something of the sort lies behind the remarkable involvement of the American occult community in the first days of the UFO phenomena. While it is certainly possible that figures such as Meade Layne and Harold Sherman, who predicted the arrival of the flying saucers in advance were simply reporting visions and dreams that would shortly burst out in a flurry of apparitions across America’s skies, the possibility has to be considered that these highly publicised reports were meant to cause such an event.
…it is at least possible that somewhere in the broad overlap between the American occult community and the science fiction scene, a group of occultists driven by the same sense of desperation set out to deliberately create the belief that extraterrestrial beings were about to intervene on Earth.
They may have hoped simply to inject just that moment of hesitation into the minds of politicians and generals that could keep them from plunging into a nuclear abyss.
In essence this was a magickal working on a grand scale – perhaps not designed to directly effect change, but to create a viral meme that aliens were concerned about our onward march to nuclear Armageddon. Science fiction gave them a ready-made audience, and also a means to present various scenarios in fictional form. One of the key works in that regard is the 1951 film The Day the Earth Stood Still. Predating the rise of the high-profile Contactees, like Adamski, by a year, it showed a classic flying saucer landing in Washington so the pilot can deliver a message expressing the concern of the aliens about mankind’s development of nuclear weapons. It is believed to be the inspiration behind the off-script comments made by Ronald Reagan during his 1985 meetings with Mikhail Gorbachev that helped end the Cold War. It is also worth noting that, in essence (and without the occult overtones) this Weak Watchmen Plan is very much along the lines of the possibility I raised in the last essay: that the concept of the Star Wars program (conceived by an odd mix of space scientists, military men, aerospace executives and science fiction writers, including Heinlein) had a similar effect in the last days of the Cold War, and may have brought the world back from the brink at that time.
Another idea comes from occultist/ufologist Allen Greenfield, who is also a bishop in the Gnostic Catholic Church, the ecclesiastical arm of the OTO. Greenfield knew a lot of the players in this story, which might qualify him to speak on these topics; he has more doomladen claims to make about a lot of individuals we have looked at:
UFO buffs have of late been touting a theory that Hubbard came to Parsons with a purpose more grandiose than “the ordinary confidence game.” In pulp magazine circles, he had encountered any number of occultists and border occultists (Talbot Mundy, Col. Arthur Burks, Major Donald Keyhoe, Ray Palmer and Richard S. Shaver come to mind), and had already formulated the core of the “inner Scientology teaching” outlined above. He wished to bring this other world into Manifestation, but lacked the technical knowledge to do so. So, he came to the innocent sex magician Jack Parsons. In this version, the Babalon Working, guided by Hubbard, had little to do with “Babalon” and more to do with the hideous Old Ones of the H.P. Lovecraft Cthulhu Mythos.
Speaking of Lovecraft, one particular quote from the great man of horror and science fiction springs to mind when discussing these issues. In a letter to Clark Ashton Smith, dated October 17, 1930, Lovecraft wrote:
My own rule is that no weird story can truly produce terror unless it is devised with all the care & verisimilitude of an actual hoax. The author must forget all about ‘short story technique’, and build up a stark, simple account, full of homely corroborative details, just as if he were actually trying to ‘put across’ a deception in real life – a deception clever enough to make adults believe it.
Personally, I don’t really see a grand conspiracy at work. It would require a number of people to have had an important role in stage-managing a large performance. A key figure would have to be Ray Palmer who doesn’t come across as some cunning mastermind. Unfortunately, he seems more driven by Fun and Profit; most of his influence on the field seems to be more opportunistic, spotting trends and exploiting them with little concern about the line between fact and fiction.
There are just too many separate groups with different (often murky) agendas pushing in often opposing directions. What seems to have emerged accidentally from the collision of these ideas was a modern mythology that provided a lens for interpreting strange events. A mythology which appears to be no more of an approximation to the underlying ‘truth’ than ideas of fairies and angels/demons were in earlier ages.
How does science fiction influence the real world? | The Economist
The Emperor has written for Fortean Times and a number of British small press magazines and comics.
Ancient Aliens: A Reasonable Hypothesis Supported By Facts
Ancient Aliens: A Reasonable Hypothesis Supported By Facts
Here's my outline of why the idea of 'historic astronauts' is not one that need to be without problems dismissed by means of scholars and academics with out due consideration to the following.
REASONABLE HYPOTHESIS: There exist technologically superior extraterrestrial civilizations nicely earlier of human civilization with the ways and method to boldly go. Whether it's far ten or ten thousand such ET civilizations is of no effect for the state of affairs that follows.
FACT: There is not anything within the laws, concepts and relationships of physics that could prevent boldly going interstellar space journey.
FACT: The time it might take any individual technologically advanced ET civilization to explore, even colonize, the Milky Way Galaxy (our galaxy) at subluminal velocities is however a small fraction of the age of our galaxy.
REASONABLE HYPOTHESIS: Artificially sensible probes may be the path-blazers reporting back to their organic masters (assuming the biological ET entities are in reality nonetheless the masters and now not the put up-biological evolution handover to AI).
REASONABLE HYPOTHESIS: It is a long way less difficult to boldly go if you are a mind-in-the-gadget than if you have to tug your organic frame along for the journey which calls for vast and pricey lifestyles assisting infrastructure.
REASONABLE HYPOTHESIS: The Third Rock from the Sun (Planet Earth) has been stated, logged, catalogued, and examined (perhaps on an ongoing foundation) via one or extra of these boldly going technologically advanced ET civilizations.
REASONABLE HYPOTHESIS: That we are particularly not going to had been the (lucky) technology residing for the duration of the time of the very first discovery of Planet Earth by using ET. Probability dictates that such a primary discovery passed off a long time ago, perhaps in our distant, even prehistoric past, if no longer even manner earlier than that, however from that moment, but a ways again it was, ET might have then maintained an ongoing presence in our cosmic neck of the woods.
REASONABLE HYPOTHESIS: Planet Earth might preserve a special interest to an ETI considering the fact that 1) Planet Earth has a biosphere - a cosmic rarity, and a couple of) the inklings of indigenous intelligent lifestyles stirring.
SPECULATIVE HYPOTHESIS: Planet Earth may had been regarded by using ET as a tremendous herbal Petri dish and offered ET with a threat to do organic, behavioral and sociological experimentation on a grand scale that centered on at the least 3 elements: 1) creating an wise species thru synthetic choice and genetic engineering; 2) transporting the diverse species so created into differing environments to test for survival and flexibility and consequently relative intelligence; and 3) augmenting that survival and adaptableness take a look at through giving numerous 'gifts' to the evolving species (like fire, agriculture, and many others.). Most species failed their jogging through the survival and adaptableness maze and went extinct; some did reasonably properly, as a minimum for a while (like Homo erectus and the Neanderthals) earlier than going extinct; one species, Homo sapiens is walking the maze efficaciously - as a minimum up to now.
FACT: In support of the above speculative speculation, we word those oft noted misplaced civilizations and abandoned settlements and towns. Deserted or deserted cities appear to be a frequent theme in archaeology and the reasons are often far from being clear reduce and any scholarly reasons usually arguable. There are peoples and cultures and societies who arrive suddenly, seemingly out of nowhere, and emerge as vanishing into apparently skinny air, if now not down a Black Hole, someday similarly on down the track. It's nearly as if that they had disembarked out of the ether and lifted off again after having installed a presence, proof they left behind. The Olmecs are a case in point.
FACT: Ancient human mythologies from round the world have a commonplace theme that some of the seemingly mythological entities have a humanoid however non-human look like the Cyclopes, numerous winged humanoid beings (like the Greek goddess Nike or the Egyptian goddess Maat), numerous hybrid beings (like the Birdmen of Easter Island or the winged guys of historic Mesopotamia) plus numerous non-terrestrial acting lifestyles forms which can be frequently hybrids (consisting of the griffin or the dragon).
FACT: Ancient human mythologies from around the world, all manner of differing societies and cultures, even have a common subject matter of sky gods, celestial/heavenly beings, star human beings, and related.
FACT: The vital factor here is that those had been not sightings of sky gods and goddesses at a distance, but up near and private encounters, be it God and Jonah or God and Moses; angels and Abraham; Jesus and his disciples; Zeus and Europa; Paris up against Hera, Aphrodite and Athena; and so forth. Tales of close encounters that have filtered down from all ancient cultures and societies.
FACT: Ancient human mythologies from round the sector have a common topic that these entities have simply advanced excessive technology, like Thor's hammer; Zeus's thunderbolts; Poseidon's trident; Hades' invisibility helmet; Odin's spear, Hermes' winged shoes, the magic wand of Circe, etc. They additionally own aerial automobiles as mentioned in the Bible and in other texts from round the sector.
FACT: There are not any shortages of highly enigmatic historical systems around the arena (excepting Australia) that both have 1) no obvious rhyme or motive or regarded purpose for current (like the ones often large stone balls) and/or 2) might have hired technology we simply do not/can't associate with their proprietors and/or three) are even attributed by using their proprietors to non-human assets (like the Cyclopean Walls) and/or 4) or which had been transported with the aid of non-human sources and manner (like the ones Easter Island statues that walked through themselves), or in trendy over-the-pinnacle systems that required an super amount of effort and time, apparently manner out of share to the need for them, and thus subtracting from time to be had for greater searching after more primary needs like food (searching, collecting, tilling the fields), safe haven, defense, and making and repairing clothing). I'm questioning here like the pyramids (Egyptian and Mesoamerican); obelisks, Stonehenge (and many different comparable megaliths); gigantic statues (Egyptian, Asian, even Easter Island) and other rock carvings; the ones large earthen mounds of jap North America, and so on.
FACT: There are severa and great historic geo-glyphs from round the world which have been reputedly designed to be favored and visible for what they're from aerial heights. There are also numerous historical structures that mirror a fairly restricted number of a number of the admittedly distinguished constellations - The Egyptian trio of pyramids at Giza that replicate Orion's Belt straight away involves mind. Is this an ancient shape of worshiping the sky gods?
FACT: The sky gods, and so forth. Are generally associated with just a surprisingly few celestial gadgets or constellations which can be repeated again and again as you go from one ancient culture's mythology to some other. Orion's Belt, the Pleiades, and Sirius are celestial gadgets of note.
FACT: In mythologies throughout the historical international, human beings attribute their advent to the sky/celestial/heavenly gods (plural). If there have been simplest one society so saying this, it could probable be brushed off, but separate and apart accounts variety inside the multi-dozens and then some. Anomaly one is why advent of humanity would be postulated at all by human beings, except of direction these ancient cultures have been sincerely informed of this fact by using their creators; and anomaly two is that this advent implies some form of excessive-tech or superior shape of biotechnologies possessed by way of these so-called gods.
FACT: Humans are notably special from all our other primate ancestors and existing cousins in terms of getting a complicated way of life (art, tune, literature, religion, and so forth.); a minimum amount fur (we're the 'bare ape'); a totally high IQ and evolved brain; a bipedal gait without advantage of a balancing tail; very distinct facial capabilities; we come in awesome breeds (races); we've a complex written and verbal language that could address abstractions; as well as other traits that reputedly set us aside like questionable morals and ethics. Whether these differences makes us an apex of creation is a extraordinary count number, however can all of these variations be effortlessly explained by using natural choice and Darwinian evolution?
FACT: Universally, ancient human mythologies file that the sky gods gave humankind gifts in the shape of hearth, agriculture as well as a bunch of other practical technologies. That this is so is unusual in that humans do not have a tendency to turn away from taking credit score for his or her achievements. I can understand the want to invent the gods with the intention to give an explanation for (what to you is) the unexplainable, like eclipses, comets, supernovae, thunder and lightning, the rainbow, and many others. But why invent gods bearing presents to provide an explanation for your technologies and tradition you have already got which possibly you or your extended family or your ancestors created for themselves. This makes no experience, until it were absolutely proper of direction. If not, some thing is screwy someplace.
FACT: Well virtually now not universally. The Australian aboriginals, in spite of some 50,000 years (give or take) of Down Under habitation, furnished with abundant herbal sources, they in no way came up with the forms of items other cultures attributed to their gods. They never got here up with writing, the bow and arrow, the wheel, mathematics, everlasting settlements with homes or different structures, engineering, metallurgy, agriculture, maritime abilties, or whatever else even remotely like almost each different subculture had, now not even some thing as simple as pottery. They seemingly practiced no astronomical rituals or had any astronomically associated buildings. They did have lifestyle (rock artwork, music, cooking, and so forth.) and they did have hearth, but this is no longer unexpected in view that natural bushfires are a not unusual characteristic of the Australian panorama. So while historic Mesopotamia, Greece, Rome, India, China, the Vikings, the Incas, the Aztecs, the Maya, even the native North American Indians as well as the Polynesians out colonizing the massive Pacific, had been strutting their stuff, the Australian aboriginal continued on and on with just the maximum basic of hunter-gatherer life. Even while Australia was 'observed' and settled by way of white Europeans, the aboriginals were nevertheless locked into what archaeologists might time period the Stone Age.
SPECULATIVE HYPOTHESIS: Although the Australian aboriginals in their extensive mythologies have severa references to celestial beings and related, one now wonders in the event that they won't were the gods' experimental manipulate group. That simply one foremost society would fail to expand any semblance to the kind of civilization as described via all these above stated societies is incredibly anomalous, but what better way to preserve the purity of your manage institution - let's see what takes place if a society receives no godly gifts - than to have it absolutely isolated on the island continent.
REASONABLE HYPOTHESIS: If then, then now. It's now not hard to assume ET will maintain tracking Planet Earth with an ongoing presence, having executed the difficult yards to get here, having an ongoing hobby in this right here third rock even supposing it is only a token presence.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
THE ELITE STOLE AND SILENCED THESE 5 INVENTIONS FROM NIKOLA TESLA AND RUINED OUR FUTURE
THE ELITE STOLE AND SILENCED THESE 5 INVENTIONS FROM NIKOLA TESLA AND RUINED OUR FUTURE
Without a doubt, the intelligent creations of the human mind change the whole pattern of our lives. Naive people would say that everyone in our society follows the path of kindness and unselfishness concerning the best interests of the humankind. Yet, the “crème de la crème” prefers the existing.
Yet, the “crème de la crème” prefers the existing, non-innovated environment. That act caused many inventions to fall down the river.
The mega creations of Nikola Tesla’s, one of the most famous scientists in the world history, unfortunately, fall under this section. Here are five of his inventions hidden by the elite:
1. The Death Ray :
Nikola Tesla called the death ray “Teleforce” and demonstrated it as a powerful weapon able to produce acute energetic rays of light. These beams would have been used for dealing with enemy warplanes, armies from abroad and any other unwanted person or appearance. This invention was never constructed because of its help people would sabotage themselves very quickly. Nikola Tesla said that with the help of this electromagnetic weapon a nation would have a protective wall impenetrable for foreign armies, destroying them from 200 miles away. He annulled his master plan by believing somebody wants to steal his idea.
2. Tesla's Oscillator:
Around 1898, Tesla alleged he had found a weapon capable of generating an earthquake. When he first tested his small, oscillating mechanism that matched the frequencies of what it was attached to, he nearly demolished his laboratory. He thought that this weapon is too dangerous and likely destructive, he smashed it with a hammer.
3. Free Electricity:
Aided financially by JP Morgan, Tesla arranged to build a wireless transmission tower called the Wardenclyffe tower, with the location in New York. While Morgan’s wishes were the tower to transfer wireless communication across the globe, Tesla had other intentions. He had a theory that the Earth can transfer signals and he wanted to prove it by wanting to transmit messages across the ocean to the ships into the sea. If his theory was right, he would have proven that the natural arrangements of the planet can be used for anyone to produce free electrical power. His theory and his plan never came true, of course, because they generated no money earnings.
4. Flying Saucer:
Nikola Tesla made quite a few statements about his flying saucer. He claimed his flying saucer never had wings or propellers, never flown regularly or didn’t even look like a flying object for that matter. Yet, he claimed this object it’s capable of moving ideally in the air with perfect security and with greater speed that people have ever seen. Tesla suggested the saucer can also stay immobile in the air even though the weather is not good or the wind is very strong. He pointed out that the capabilities of his flying saucer depend only on its positive mechanical action.
5. Electric Airships:
Tesla lived in a world where he could be able to make airships drink their power from the atmosphere. He also proposed airships that could work without the skills of a man. His work resulted in the today’s so-called drone ships.
Many of the colleagues and friends of Nikola Tesla suspect that his masterworks were stolen by the FBI and other powerful organizations.
FROZEN ANTARCTICA IS HIDING THE HERITAGE OF THE LOST CONTINENT ATLANTIS?
FROZEN ANTARCTICA IS HIDING THE HERITAGE OF THE LOST CONTINENT ATLANTIS?
The dating method by Dr. W.D Urry from Carnegie Institution in Washington D.C. helped scientists to come upon the fact that the rivers of Antarctica were flowing as described on the Orontius Finaeus map 6,000 years ago.
What are the odds that the lost civilization of Atlantis is buried underneath the Antarctica’s ice?
Generally speaking, Antarctica and Atlantis are connected in many mysterious ways. People believe that Atlantis existed sometimes in the past and its location was on Antarctica.
The first masterpiece writer who mentioned the lost continent of Atlantis on paper was Plato, even though before him, many Native Americans had suspicions about it.
The stories and tales of the primitive Americans have different origins and yet they share resemblance in terms of the civilization that vanished but lived in the past. In Central America, the ancient culture that talked about this civilization lived in Aztlan. Myths say Aztlan, belonged to the south, on an island and ceased with no alert due to the devastating natural occurring. The Aztlan place was described as the “place of whiteness” and that feature explains the connection between Atlantis and Antarctica or more simply, that Aztlan might actually be Atlantis, the legendary place on the south.
The devastating events that happened in Aztlan (or Atlantis) left only a few survivors who migrated to different continents and blended with the others.
Doubters tend to reject the theories that associate Atlantis and Antarctica, mainly because Antarctica today illustrates an icy ambiance and no human civilization. Despite the scepticism, old artefacts prove that Antarctica was a place full with vegetation and courtesy. Examples of those artefacts are the ancient maps that paint America with no ice – zones. The most eminent one is the Piri – Reis map created by an admiral who served in the Navy of the Ancient Ottoman Empire.
The Piri – Reis map was established with the help of other, older maps which sketch the shoreline of Antarctica but not as we see it today, they sketch it free of ice. This confirms that whoever explored Antarctica and depicted it on the maps was doing that when the continent wasn’t frigid.
The question that pops now is how a continent with a location to the south could ever be free of ice? The response is that Antarctica wasn’t always occupying the South Pole and was rather between it and the Equator meaning it was based north and seasoned tropical climate and grew forests. Yes, Antarctica in the early history was a place that was home to many people who progressed into societies just like the other fellow continents.
The theory that justifies these allegations is called crustal displacement.
The dominant belief between the traditional scientists is the belief of continental drift. According to this theory, our planet’s layer is branched into tectonic plates that float over the inner layer. With the time passing by, these plates slowly bounce against one another.
The other, revolutionary theory, the theory of crustal displacement, enlarges the traditional history. This theory claims that every 40,000 years, the entire crust of our planet fluctuates as a single entity. After each fluctuation all the land masses on our planet, continents included, are dislocated to their new planet position.
Many researchers apply this is exactly what moved Antarctica from its position in the middle of the South Pole and the Equator to the top of the South Pole.
“We take it for granted that Antarctica has always been a frozen wilderness, but the ice caps only appeared relatively recently in geological history,” told Jane Francis of the University of Leeds.
In the present, Antarctica is built from a kilometre thick ice that consists 98 percent of its property. That means that all of the ancestry the ancient civilization made in the time Antarctica was “a green continent” is now entombed underneath the massive ice.
According the reports from Pravda.ru:
In 1949, Admiral Baird’s exploration drilled holes into the Ross Sea in three spots, where Orontius Finaeus sealed river – beds. At the end there were found fine – grained layers probably brought to the sea with the help of the rivers whose origins were located in zones free of glaciers. The samples were taken from three distinct locations: 70 deg. 17’ S 179 deg. 15’ W 2,990 M deep, 69 deg. 12’ S 180 deg. S. at 3,130 M. deep, 68 deg. 26’ S 179 deg. 15’W at 3,292 M. deep.
The fine – grained debris that was found is from the same kind as the one carried by rivers from non icy continents. Moreover, his expedition brought valuable data of fossils on Mount Weaver.
In 1952 the geologists found two species of a tree plant referred as Glossopteris that was regularly seen on the continents as Africa and Australia.
Core fragments taken from the Ross Sea during the excursion suggest glacial marine sediment from the present first appeared nearly 6,000 years ago.
In addition to that, there is a zone fine – grained sediment 30,000 years old which proves this continent was definitely not icy as it is now.
All these evidences tend to make us believe that between the 4th and 12th millennium before Christ, the Earth was housing extremely smart civilization with fascinating intellect of cartography, astronomy and other branches. They were much more advanced than their followers. The modern civilization was a precedent to the long lost civilization called Atlantis and the evidence is hidden the thick ice of Antarctica, theorists claim.
How would you like to head back to the future in a DeLorean car? Or travel with the crew of the USS Enterprise to save the whales? These two examples (from "Back to the Future" and "Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home") show a very common trope in science fiction — time travel.
We all have things we regret in life, so the concept of turning back time (or in the case of one "Superman" movie, reversing Earth's rotation) is an inviting one. Who wouldn't want to fix the past, or erase a regrettable historical event that negatively impacted humanity? Or for people who are more focused on the future, how about turning time forward to see a neat event — such as the first human landing on Mars?
As one scientist points out, we all constantly time travel — but it's in only one direction. We're inevitably moving 1 second at a time into the future, and we could go faster if we wanted.
"Indeed, we can jump forward into the future as much as we want. It's only a matter of going really, really fast," Paul Sutter, an astrophysicist at Ohio State University, told Space.com in an email. He began by citing evidence from Albert Einstein's theory of special relativity, which shows that time is relative depending on how fast you are moving.
"The faster you move through space, the slower you move through time. We've been able to measure this with ultra-precise atomic clocks in jet airplanes, and the precision offered by the GPS system needs to take this into account. Sci-fi always seem to require complicated contraptions to jump in time, when all you need is a very large rocket," Sutter wrote.
This means that astronauts, for example, are already time travelers of a sort. That's because they go into space and live on the International Space Station, sometimes for months at a time. At a speed of about 5 miles (8 kilometers) a second, astronauts on the space station are moving faster than we are on Earth. This means that on the station, astronauts age just a tiny bit slower than they would on the planet's surface. (And that when astronaut Scott Kelly came back from a year in space, the age gap with his slightly older identical twin, Mark, widened by just a little bit.)
Jumping into the past
But many sci-fi franchises focus on time travel to the past. Such travel raises neat questions, such as whether you can go back in time and kill your own grandparent (a puzzle sometimes referred to as "the grandfather paradox").
Sutter pointed out that the physics of our universe appear to forbid this situation, at least as far as we can see. But surprisingly, some of Einstein's equations from the theory of general relativity may allow time travel into the past. (That theory basically discusses how huge objects distort space-time, which we feel as gravity.)
So how could Einstein's theory make time travel possible? Well, one way would be to break the cosmic speed limit and go faster than the speed of light — but that likely wouldn't work, because an object going at that speed would have infinite mass. Another possibility would be to form "wormholes" between points in space-time, although this would likely work for only small particles. There are even more exotic possibilities out there, such as using black holes, huge cylinders or cosmic strings to play with the fabric of space-time.
"When it comes to the past," Sutter said, "the mathematics of general relativity does allow a few strange scenarios where you can end up in your own past. But all of these scenarios end up violating other known physics, like requiring negative mass or infinitely long rotating cylinders. Why does general relativity allow past time travel, but other physics always jump in to spoil the fun? We honestly don't know."
But that doesn't mean that scientists are giving up. In 2015, Ali Övgün of Eastern Mediterranean University in Cyprus said wormholes might be possible in zones with dark matter. (This is a theoretical form of matter that cannot be seen or otherwise sensed with telescopes, but does show itself in its gravitational effects on other bodies.) While his equations show wormholes could occur in these regions, Övgün said he is still searching for proof. "It is only mathematical proof," he said. "I hope one day it will be possible to also find direct experimental evidence."
Even the world-renowned physicist Stephen Hawking was entranced by the idea of time travel before his death this year, when he discussed in the Daily Mail how a black hole could make it possible. "Around and around they'd go, experiencing just half the time of everyone far away from the black hole. The ship and its crew would be traveling through time," he wrote in 2010. However, physicist Amos Iron at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa, Israel, said a machine circling a black hole would probably disintegrate before moving that quickly.
Visit Exotic Exoplanets with NASA Visualization Tool
Visit Exotic Exoplanets with NASA Visualization Tool
By Mike Wall, Space.com Senior Writer
NASA has created a virtual reality tool that lets you explore the imagined surface of exoplanet Kepler-186f (shown here in an animation) and other potentially habitable worlds.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
You don't need a spaceship to explore alien worlds.
An interactive, 360-degree NASA visualization tool puts you on the surface of TRAPPIST-1d, Kepler-186f and a handful of other exoplanets.
You can look all around and up, getting an eyeful of exotic landscapes and bizarre skies. And you can even do some planetary engineering, adding or removing an atmosphere and seeing how that tweak changes things. [Gallery: The Strangest Alien Planets]
As the tool points out, these are all imagined vistas: Even the closest alien planets are much too distant to photograph in any detail from Earth's neighborhood. And once you get as far out as Kepler-186f, which lies 492 light-years from the sun, even some of the most basic characteristics about a world remain elusive.
"Because Kepler-186f and the majority of Kepler-discovered planets are so distant, it is currently impossible to detect their atmospheres — if they exist at all — or characterize their atmospheric properties," said Martin Still, the program scientist for NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), which launched last month.
"Consequently, we have limited knowledge about what these distant worlds are really like, but these surface visualizations allow us to imagine some of the possibilities," Still said in a statement. "Current and future NASA missions, including TESS and the James Webb Space Telescope, will find the nearest exoplanets to our solar system and characterize their atmospheres, bridging the gap between speculation and what's really out there."
"Because Kepler-186f and the majority of Kepler-discovered planets are so distant, it is currently impossible to detect their atmospheres — if they exist at all — or characterize their atmospheric properties," said Martin Still, the program scientist for NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), which launched last month.
"Consequently, we have limited knowledge about what these distant worlds are really like, but these surface visualizations allow us to imagine some of the possibilities," Still said in a statement. "Current and future NASA missions, including TESS and the James Webb Space Telescope, will find the nearest exoplanets to our solar system and characterize their atmospheres, bridging the gap between speculation and what's really out there."
TESS is following in the footsteps of NASA's Kepler space telescope, which has discovered about 70 percent of the 3,700 known exoplanets to date. But unlike Kepler, TESS will hunt for worlds around the sun's nearest neighbor stars, and some of the satellite's finds will be close enough for the $8.8 billion James Webb, which is scheduled to launch in 2020, to study in detail.
The visualization tool is part of NASA's "Exoplanet Travel Bureau," which also offers free posters of alien worlds for download.
Credit: Flickr, Many Wonderful Artists / Public Domain.
An international team of researchers has shown for the first time that artificial intelligence is better at diagnosing melanoma than human doctors. This particular form of machine learning, known as a deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN), was able to make more correct diagnoses and fewer misdiagnoses than some of the world’s most capable skin care oncologists.
Man vs machine
The CNN starts off as a blank slate. In order to teach the artificial neural network how to identify skin cancer, the researchers fed it a dataset of over 100,000 images of malignant melanomas and benign moles. With each iteration, it learned patterns of features characteristic of malignant and benign tumors, becoming increasingly better at differentiating between the two.
After this initial training round, the team of researchers led by Professor Holger Haenssle, senior managing physician at the University of Heidelberg, Germany, introduced the AI to two new sets of images sourced from the Heidelberg library. These dermoscopic images of various skin lesions were completely new to the CNN. One set of 300 images was meant to solely test the performance of the CNN. Another set of 100 images was comprised of some of the most difficult to diagnose lesions and was used to test both machine and real dermatologists.
Researchers were able to recruit 58 doctors from 17 countries. Among them, 17 (29%) indicated they had less than two years’ experience in dermoscopy, 11 (19%) said they had two to five years of experience, and 30 (52%) were experts with more than five years’ experience.
The volunteers were asked to make a decision about how to manage the condition — whether it was surgery, follow-up, or no action at all — based on two levels of information. At level I, the only information that the dermatologists had at their disposal was from dermoscopic images. Four weeks after making the level I assessment, each participant was asked to review their diagnosis at level II, where they were given far more information about the patient — including age, sex, and the location of the lesion, as well as magnified images of the same case.
At level I, humans could accurately detect melanomas 86.6% of the time and correctly identified benign lesions with an average score of 71.3%. The CNN, however, was able to detect benign moles 95% of the time. At level II, the dermatologists significantly improved their performance, as expected, having diagnosed 88.9% of malignant melanomas and 75.7% that were benign.
Even though the expert doctors were better at spotting melanoma than their less experienced counterparts, they were, on average, outperformed by the AI.
Around 232,000 new cases of melanoma are diagnosed worldwide every year, which result in 55,500 deaths annually. The cancer can be cured, but it typically requires an early diagnosis. This is why this CNN is so impressive — it would be able to identify more cancers early on, thereby saving lives.
“These findings show that deep learning convolutional neural networks are capable of out-performing dermatologists, including extensively trained experts, in the task of detecting melanomas,” Haenssle said.
Of course, all of this doesn’t mean that doctors will soon be scrapped. Far from it: the researchers say that the machine will augment the performance of doctors rather than replace them. Think of a second ‘expert’ opinion which doctors can instantly turn to.
“This CNN may serve physicians involved in skin cancer screening as an aid in their decision whether to biopsy a lesion or not. Most dermatologists already use digital dermoscopy systems to image and store lesions for documentation and follow-up. The CNN can then easily and rapidly evaluate the stored image for an ‘expert opinion’ on the probability of melanoma. We are currently planning prospective studies to assess the real-life impact of the CNN for physicians and patients,” according to Haenssle.
Concerning the study’s limitations, it’s important to note that the study’s participants made diagnoses in an artificial setting. Their decision-making process might look different in a ‘life or death’ situation, which might impact performance. The CNN also had some limitations of its own, such as poor performance with images of melanomas on certain sites such as the fingers, toes, and scalp. For this reason, there is still no substitute for a thorough clinical examination performed by a trained human physician.
That being said, these impressive results indicate that we’re about to experience a paradigm shift, not only in dermatology but in just about every medical field, thanks to developments in artificial intelligence.
WETENSCHAPElon Musk waarschuwt al jaren voor de gevaren van artificiële intelligentie (AI). “Robots zullen tot álles in staat zijn”, zei hij vorig jaar tijdens een conventie van Amerikaanse gouverneurs. Ook de recent overleden fysicus Stephen Hawking en Microsoft-oprichter Bill Gates hebben al herhaaldelijk aangedrongen op voorzichtigheid met AI. Maar volgens een expert aan de universiteit van Oxford loopt het zo’n vaart niet. Robots zullen immers deel gaan uitmaken van ons gezin, zegt hij.
De vrees dat machines een bewustzijn zullen hebben en zich tegen de mensheid keren, is nergens op gebaseerd, zegt Nigel Shadbolt, professor computerwetenschappen aan de universiteit van Oxford.
De manier waarop robots in Hollywoodfilms afgebeeld worden, geeft ons de indruk dat ze allemaal op een dag gek, slecht en gevaarlijk zullen zijn. “Maar dit gaat voorbij aan het echte probleem. Het is niet artificiële intelligentie waarvan je bang moet zijn. Het is natuurlijke domheid”, aldus Shadbolt op het Hay Festival, een festival voor literatuur in kunst in Wales. “Natuurlijk beginnen mensen zich zorgen te maken: gaan de machines wakker worden? Gaan ze superbekwaam zijn? Ik wil je vertellen: nee, nee dat gaan ze niet zijn.”
Het is niet artificiële intelligentie waarvan je bang moet zijn. Het is natuurlijke domheid.
Professor Nigel Shadbolt
Volgens Shadbolt ligt de nadruk op de ontwikkeling van AI die gespecialiseerd is in nauw afgelijnde taken. Het zijn overigens mensen, niet computers die de relatie met robots verder willen ontwikkelen, verduidelijkt hij. Binnenkort zullen we empathie voor hen hebben. He zal niet lang duren voor deze toestellen de metgezellen zijn waarmee onze kinderen opgroeien en die voor ons zorgen als we oud zijn – van de wieg tot het graf.
“We projecteren emoties en bedoelingen op deze systemen. Het maakt niet uit dat er niemand ‘thuis’ is in de elektrische circuits, gewoon een erg goede chatbot. Het doet er niet toe. We zullen buitengewoon gehecht aan hen geraken”, aldus Shadbolt.
We projecteren emoties en bedoelingen op deze systemen. Het maakt niet uit dat er niemand ‘thuis’ is in de elektrische circuits, gewoon een erg goede chatbot.
Professor Nigel Shadbolt
Volgens de professor is die evolutie al aan de gang. Hij haalde het voorbeeld aan van een ceremonie in Japan eerder deze maand waarbij boeddhistische monniken een herdenking organiseerden voor 114 “overleden” Sony-robothonden. “Er werd gehuild. Dit waren ook erg geliefde familieleden.”
We proberen gevoelens op robots, terwijl die zelf helemaal geen emoties ervaren, verduidelijkt hij, onder aanhaling van het voorbeeld van de IBM-supercomputer Watson. Die moest het in 2011 opnemen tegen twee kampioenen van de Amerikaanse tv-quiz Jeopardy ( Waagstuk, red.). “Watson presteerde in dit spel op bovenmenselijk niveau omdat hij in essentie een gigantische database gebruikte van feiten en training tijdens voorgaande spelletjes. Hij geeft de indruk slim en bewust te zijn. Maar ik kan je verzekeren dat Watson zich helemaal niet tevreden voelde toen hij de besten van de wereld versloeg.”
EPADe figuur 'Los Manos' maakt deel uit van de Nazcalijnen in Peru.
WETENSCHAPArcheologen hebben met drones meer dan 25 nieuwe geogliefen ontdekt nabij de Nazcalijnen in de kustwoestijn in het zuiden van Peru. Dat deelt het ministerie van Cultuur vandaag mee.
De geogliefen zijn enorme tekeningen in het woestijnzand in de Peruaanse pampa’s. Dankzij dronebeelden hebben wetenschappers nog meer reusachtige afbeeldingen ontdekt, onder andere van een orka en een dansende vrouw.
De meerderheid van de recent ontdekte afbeeldingen zijn het werk van de Paracascultuur. Ze zijn meer dan 2.000 jaar oud en bijgevolg honderden jaren ouder dan de Nazcalijnen van de hand van het Nazcavolk. Dat zegt Johnny Isla, een archeoloog van het Peruaanse ministerie van Cultuur.
Drones “geven ons de kans om onze documentatie te vergroten en nieuwe groepen van figuren te ontdekken”, aldus Isla. “We hebben nog niet tussen [de geogliefen] gewandeld, we hebben alleen foto’s genomen. Dit is de eerste fase van het onderzoek”, zegt de archeoloog.
In tegenstelling tot de Nazcalijnen, waarvan de meerderheid enkel zichtbaar is vanuit de lucht, zijn de pas ontdekte ‘Palpalijnen’ aangebracht op heuvels en kunnen ze gezien worden vanaf de grond.
Mysterie
De Nazcalijnen zijn tientallen figuren van dieren en geometrische vormen die werden aangebracht in het woestijnzand op de Peruaanse hoogvlakte. Dankzij de unieke klimaatomstandigheden in de regio werden de figuren al die tijd bewaard. Niemand weet precies waartoe de Nazca- en Palpalijnen precies dienen, waarom ze zo groot zijn of waarom ze zo lang deel uitmaakten van de cultuur van de precolumbiaanse volkeren. “In totaal spreken we over ongeveer 1200 jaar waarin geogliefen gemaakt werden” in de regio, aldus Isla.
De Nazcalijnen werden in 1994 uitgeroepen tot UNESCO-werelderfgoed, maar hebben te lijden onder de druk van Peruanen die zich illegaal in het gebied vestigen en verkeer dat van de nabijgelegen snelweg afwijkt.
Vulkaan Kilauea blijft Hawaï teisteren. Sinds de uitbarstingen begonnen op 3 mei zijn al duizenden mensen geëvacueerd. Lavastromen slokten tientallen woningen op, en de vulkaan spuwt assen tot meer dan drie kilometer hoog. De verwoestende kracht levert ook prachtige taferelen op, zoals deze videobeelden van lavastromen die werden gefilmd door een drone.
There’s a lot hidden under Antarctica. Spoiler: it’s not Nazi bases or UFO hangers, at least not yet. According to a paper published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters, scientists have recently discovered an enormous series of mountain ranges and deep canyons buried beneath the south pole. This is the first real radar look at what’s underneath the South Pole, and gives scientists a better understanding of how the ice will flow out from the center of the world’s largest desert as climate change drives temperatures upwards.
The research was conducted by the European Space Agency PolarGAP project. The researchers discovered three canyons and a vast mountain range along the ice divide, a ridge in the south pole region that determines where ice will flow: the Weddell Sea in the east or the Ross Sea in the west.
Some of these mountains are over 8,000 feet high, and the largest canyon, named the Foundation Trough, runs 250 miles long and a mile deep. All of these geological features are completely hidden from view by solid ice. At its deepest point the ice covering these mountains and canyons is a full 1.2 miles thick.
The geographic South Pole, where the discovery was made.
The world’s most mysterious continent is covered almost completely in ice, and due to its incredibly remote location, scientists have been unable to get a decent view of the topographical features they knew were underneath. Because it’s at the South Pole of Earth, no orbiting satellites pass over it, and radio-echo sounding data is obscured by the massive amount of ice. The PolarGAP project had to use radar sensing aircraft to collect the data on what Dr Fausto Ferraccioli calls “one of the least understood frontiers in the whole of Antarctica.”
Because of this data, scientists now have a far better understanding of the dynamics of how Antarctica might have changed over time and how it could possibly change in the future. Importantly, scientists now know that these mountain ranges are responsible for how ice makes its way across the continent.
Scientists say that these canyons make up an important “bottleneck” that controls the flow of ice into the sea, but say that thinning ice as a result of climate change could speed up this flow. According to lead author of the study, Dr Kate Winter:
“If the ice sheet thins or retreats, these topographically-controlled corridors could facilitate enhanced flow of ice further inland, and could lead to the West Antarctic ice divide moving.
This would, in turn, increase the speed and rate at which ice flows out from the center of Antarctica to its edges, leading to an increase in global sea levels.”
No mention was made, however, of whether or not thinning ice in Antarctica might increase our chances of finding evidence for the hollow Earth.
Despite those beautiful pictures from the New Horizons spacecraft, Pluto continues to be the Rodney Dangerfield of space objects. The latest attack on it comes from a study the journal Icarus where astronomers present their evidence that the former planet and current dwarf planet is actually just a giant comet or, even worse, a giant dirty snowball made of billions of small comets held together by icy nitrogen. Will Pluto be reduced to being a frozen cosmic I-get-no-respect comic telling passing planets that it told its psychiatrist that every astronomer hates it and the shrink says “That can’t be true because every astronomer hasn’t seen you yet”?
“Using chemistry as a detective’s tool, we are able to trace certain features we see on Pluto today to formation processes from long ago. This leads to a new appreciation of the richness of Pluto’s ‘life story,’ which we are only starting to grasp.”
Sputnik Planitia on the right
That spin on the Pluto’s-just-a-ball-of-comets theory comes from Dr. Christopher Glein of the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) Space Science and Engineering Division in San Antonio, Texas, and co-author of the study. According to the press release, Glein and other astronomers got this radical idea not from Pluto itself but from another space object – Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko – which was studied for over two years starting in 2014 by the Rosetta spacecraft. While looking at the Sputnik Planitia glacial area of Pluto in an attempt to determine why it had such a high concentration of nitrogen, Glein and his team had a Comet 67P-generted “Eureka!” moment.
“We found an intriguing consistency between the estimated amount of nitrogen inside the glacier and the amount that would be expected if Pluto was formed by the agglomeration of roughly a billion comets or other Kuiper Belt objects similar in chemical composition to 67P, the comet explored by Rosetta.”
Comet 67P
From that, they developed the “giant comet’ cosmochemical model of Pluto formation.” How did it happen? They’re not sure. In fact, they’re not even sure how much nitrogen Pluto had to start with, how much it leaked into space or why it has so little carbon dioxide. Is it buried under its surface? Was it destroyed by an ancient ocean? And then there’s the big question … how did billions of comets join together to form whatever it is we call Pluto?
“When Pluto was born, it was so ugly, the rest of the universe slapped the Big Bang.”
So what exactly is Pluto? Until more research is conducted and more space probes reach it, International Comet Quarterly (who knew comets had a quarterly publication?) had this to say:
“And, yes, it might be that we will want to consider placing Pluto in different categories, such as (minor) planet and comet. Such “dual status” already exists for some comets and minor planets, which are given formal numbers and names in both kinds of catalogues.”
Here’s an idea. Let’s show Pluto some respect by giving it a name and category all of its own … the Rodney.
“I looked up my cosmic family tree and found three dog stars using it.”
For the most part human beings have managed to dominate all but the most inaccessible and wild places of this planet of ours. Almost everywhere you go we are the rulers, the masters and subjugators of all around us, ever asserting our will over all we oversee. Yet there are places out over the horizon where we do not rule, and where animals of often mysterious origins have taken over.
One of the strangest and most amazing islands of animals can be found upon a remote speck of rough volcanic land sitting out in the middle of nowhere in the Tasman Sea between Australia and New Zealand. Measuring approximately 10 km long and between 2.0 km and 0.3 km wide, Lord Howe Island is part of an archipelago of 28 scattered islands called the the Lord Howe Island Group, and it was long an uninhabited lost world until 1788, when it was claimed as a British possession by Lieutenant Henry Lidgbird Ball, aboard the passing British prisoner vessel HMS Supply, while on the way to start a penal colony on Norfolk Island.
In the wake of its discovery by Europeans, Lord Howe island became first a major whaling outpost and provisioning port in the early 1800s, then a full-fledged settlement starting from 1834. None of this was particularly good news for the many endemic species here that were found nowhere else in the world. Here there abounded an incredibly diverse ecosystem of unique flora and fauna that had evolved in the complete absence of humans. Indeed, the island displayed a striking amount of biodiversity and a high degree of endemism for its size and relatively short geological history, and it still does. However, the arrival of humans brought with it earth shattering changes for the wildlife here.
Lord Howe Island
Humans readily hunted animals for food and also eliminated any that were perceived as a threat to their crops, which themselves required the clearing of large amounts of the island’s forests. Humans also brought with them invasive weeds that served to spread out to choke out native plant life, as well as various livestock animals such as pigs and goats, and unwanted stowaways in the form of rats and mice, as well as domesticated pets such as cats and dogs, which conspired to cause massive damage to the island’s ecosystem and wipe out many endemic plant and animal species that were found nowhere else on Earth.
The introduction of rats and mice to the island did perhaps even more damage to this previously untouched ecosystem than any other animal brought here by the hands of man. They ate practically anything they could get their paws on, including birds, eggs, insects, and lizards, ravenously bringing about destruction in their wake. The arrival of these rodents was an absolute scourge, and caused a breathtaking trail of decimation of native species, to the point where settlers of the island went to great lengths to eradicate rats and mice, even offering increasingly generous bounties for the tails of the little beasts, all of which made the hunt for rats and mice a very popular pastime and all of which had little effect on reducing the burgeoning rodent population on the island. This all did very little good in the end, and rats were eventually responsible for the apparent extinction of the island’s most enigmatic inhabitant, the massive Lord Howe stick insect.
The Lord Howe stick insect (Dryococelus australis) is truly a behemoth, with adult male specimens measuring up to 15 cm (6 inches) long and weighing in at around 25 grams (0.88 oz.), making them the largest and heaviest flightless stick insects in the world. The Lord Howe stick insect is so large and intimidating looking, in fact, that they have long commonly been aptly called “tree lobsters.” Indeed, they are impressive looking creatures, with thick legs, wingless armored bodies, and a heavy oblong shape. Despite their formidable appearance, they are actually quite harmless; with their main defenses being to climb trees or rocks and running surprisingly fast for their size, using their powerful legs to vault along. Besides their sheer size, the Lord Howe stick insects are known for their tendency to form strong life bonds with mates, and will adjust their behavior based on what the other is doing, follow each other everywhere, and even sleep together with their arms protectively wrapped around each other, which are all rather bizarre traits for an insect species.
Lord Howe stick insect
Once plentiful, the Lord Howe stick insect was found throughout the island, and was a common sight crawling about on trees and bushes, no doubt much to the chagrin of people afraid of very large bugs. In fact, the insects were so abundant that they were once used as bait for fishing. However, they were also seen as a delicacy for the island’s many rats, as was pretty much everything else, and had no real natural defenses against this alien threat. The rats made quick work of these easy targets, relentlessly hunting the stick insects down and eating through their population until by the early 20th century there were nearly none of these truly one-of-a-kind creatures left. The last Lord Howe stick insect was seen in 1920, after which they were considered to be extinct.
This seemed to be the end for these majestic insects, and for decades they were considered extinct. Then, in the 1964 an unusual report came in from a group of climbers who had been out scaling a precarious spire of rock jutting forth 1,844 feet into the air from the ocean off Lord Howe Island called Ball’s Pyramid. More or less a jagged tower of volcanic rock that soars straight out of the depths, the pyramid was a popular spot for climbers who were willing to navigate the treacherous rocks and swirling sea to ascend the spire. It also seemed like the last place anyone would expect to find anything living, but it was here that this particular group of climbers came across a recently deceased carcass of a Lord Howe stick insect, which was both exciting and baffling for biologists because it hinted that the insects were not gone after all, and also no one could figure out how in the world it had ended up on this isolated, forbidding slash of rock.
Ball’s Pyramid
Follow up expeditions were sent over the years to try and find living specimens, but these were unsuccessful and the Lord Howe stick insect became a sort of cryptid, a specter. Then, in 2001 a team of two Australian scientists by the names of David Priddel and Nicholas Carlile, along with their assistants, braved the dizzying heights, unsettling vertical drops, and craggy surface of the pyramid to climb up hundreds of feet above the waves, where they found a single, solitary Melaleuca shrub growing out of a crevice high in the air, under which they found the droppings of some large insect.
It was exciting to say the least, and when the team returned after dark, there upon the branches of this lone bush that was so secluded it may as well have been on another planet they were met with a startling sight; two large, black and shiny bodies scampering about on the branches amid the leaves. A closer look found even more of the enormous things crawling about in the murk, and the excited scientists were able to count 24 Lord Howe insects going about their business as if they had never been gone. Further searches of other similar bushes turned up no further insects, and it became apparent that the total population of remaining Lord Howe stick insects in the entire world consisted of just these 24 individuals, and they all lived in only one place; on and under this one lone spindly little bush perched atop a bleak, craggy spike of rock in the middle of nowhere far from their original habitat. So it was that one of the largest insect species in the world, which had been considered extinct for over 80 years, was found still clinging to life in this remote, very unlikely location.
In the wake of this amazing discovery there have been efforts to preserve this anomalous population of the giant insects, and a very few have been removed from the island in order to breed them for possible reintroduction to their original habitat. At one point, a landslide destroyed the original bush and it was feared that the insects were gone once again, but fortunately there were some breeding pairs remaining. Out of two breeding pairs that were removed from the island, one pair died off, but another has managed to successfully produce eggs, and it was these eggs from this sole female that would serve as the basis to establish a whole captive population of the Lord Howe stick insects numbering in the hundreds, with thousands of eggs, and bring them away from the dark brink of extinction. By 2012, there were over 1,000 adult Lord Howe stick insects in captivity and around 20,000 eggs, many of which have been sent to zoos all over the world, including the Bristol Zoo in Europe, the San Diego Zoo in the United States, and the Toronto Zoo in Canada.
Lord Howe stick insects
The Lord Howe insect is both a remarkable success story and a puzzling conundrum. It is still unknown how these giant bugs managed to wind up on Ball’s Pyramid hundreds of feet above the sea on a craggy rock face, or how they managed to survive all of those years sequestered under that one lone bush. It is thought that they may have hitched a ride on sea birds or floating debris, but the answer remains elusive. With so few remaining specimens it was also unknown just how they had kept their numbers for the past 80 years without dwindling away to nothingness, although it could have been due in large part to the fact that in times of very low numbers the Lord Howe stick insect can demonstrate parthenogenesis, or the ability to procreate without the presence of a male. Whatever the answers may be, the story of the Lord Howe stick insect and their bizarre lost world island lair is intriguing to say the least.
If giant insects aren’t creepy enough for you, then how about an island ruled by poisonous snakes? Ilha de Queimada Grande is an isolated, 110 acre tropical island that lies in the South Atlantic roughly 20 miles off of the coast of Brazil. Other than its quaint beauty, the tiny, uninhabited island seems otherwise fairly innocuous and average from a distance, until one goes ashore and sees that the island is known by its other namesake “Snake Island” for a reason. For slithering through the thick vegetation, lurking in the underbrush, and even hanging from the trees, are thousands upon thousands of deadly snakes of the species Bothrops insularis, known by its common name, the golden lancehead viper.
Indeed, this particular species is only found on this one island, but the truly startling thing about Snake Island is not simply that venomous snakes are found there, but rather just how many of them there are. The island is absolutely teeming with them. Estimates for the density of these venomous snakes on the island vary from a conservative 1 to a horrifying and perhaps exaggerated 5 snakes per square meter. The most common figure given by researchers is around 3 snakes per square meter. It is said that when stepping foot on the island you are never more than 3 feet away from a venomous viper. Since understandably very few scientific expeditions have done a thorough exploration of the island, the exact number is unknown, but it is widely considered to be more snakes per square meter than anywhere else on Earth.
Ilha de Queimada Grande
Over the years the island has perhaps not surprisingly accrued a rather ominous reputation, and there are numerous tales of people venturing there to disappear without a trace or to be found half-melted by the flesh dissolving hemotoxic bites of the snakes. While these reports are for the most part unverified, there is plenty of mystery in the fact that no one really knows why there should be such a remarkable concentration of these snakes on the island. It is known that they feed off of the vast numbers of migratory birds that pass the island, but as to why they are so intensely concentrated here is anyone’s guess. For now Ilha de Queimada Grande is off-limits to visitors, with only a very few scientists permitted to go shore. For those of you who don’t like snakes, that is probably all for the best.
Moving away from creepy crawlies such as bugs and snakes, there are other island’s with perhaps cuter, yet equally enigmatic inhabitants. Big Major Cay, near Exuma Island, in the Bahamas, is in every way a postcard perfect island paradise, with white sand beaches and clear azure waters. The one thing that doesn’t really seem to fit in are all of the pigs that call this little island home. Here on this otherwise uninhabited speck of land dozens and dozens of feral pigs can be seen lounging about on the beach, and very unusually swimming and cavorting about in the crystal clear waters.
As with the other animals we have looked at, no one is quite sure how these hogs got here, although it is suspected that they are descended from domesticated pigs aboard a shipwrecked vessel or a population that was intentionally released here as a food source at some point in history. Today the island and its pigs have become a tourist attraction, with several outfits offering excursions out to see the pigs, which are known to swim right up to boats looking for hand outs, much to the delight of tourists. There are tours that actually go ashore as well, but the pigs are said to be bold, unafraid of humans, and potentially dangerous.
Another island paradise with its own strange denizens is the Aldabra Atoll, in Seychelles, which is composed of four tiny uninhabited coral islands and a lagoon. Here one can find the largest population of giant tortoises in the world, with an estimated 150,000 of the gentle giants wandering the beaches and vegetation. Again it is unclear why such a large concentration of these animals should be here, but their presence has made the island a UNESCO World Heritage site and it is mostly off limits to visitors except for small numbers of scientists and naturalists. Those who wish to visit can undergo a vetting process by the Seychelles Islands Foundation and pay a steep fee, which is used towards conservation of the tortoises.
Japan has several islands that are overrun by animals, such as Tashirojima (Tashiro Island), in Miyagi Prefecture, which is a haven for cats. The animals, which were originally introduced in the Edo period to control the rats that fed on precious silkworms, and the population has since ballooned to the point that cats outnumber humans on the island 6 to 1. The cats are well-cared for and revered as bringers of good luck, to the point that a shrine has been erected in their honor, and they bring in masses of tourists year round.
Japan also has Ōkunoshima, also called Usagi Jima, literally “Rabbit Island,” which lies just off the coast of Hiroshima. Here rabbits are king, with around a thousand of the creatures inhabiting an island with no natural predators and cavorting about with not a care in the world. The island is crawling with rabbits, which are very friendly and will approach people in droves looking for handouts, and as with many of the other animals here their presence on the island has long been a bit of a mystery, as they are not an indigenous species. The main idea is that they are test animals that were abandoned with the closing of a Japanese chemical weapon facility from World War II, the ruins of which can still be seen today. However, it is said that all of these animals were euthanized and could not possibly have been the origins of the island’s rabbits. Another idea is that a few rabbits were released onto the island by schoolchildren in 1971, after which they did what rabbits do and multiplied unchecked and unhindered by any natural predators.
Regardless of how the rabbits got to Ōkunoshima, they have managed to reach numbers over a thousand on this tiny speck of land measuring just 2 miles long. With no predators, and laws in place to protect them, making it illegal to kill or harm them in any way, as well as a complete ban on cats and dogs, the feral rabbits of Ōkunoshima are numerous, and their rather tame, inquisitive nature has made the island a very popular place to go to for curiosity seekers. Here visitors flock to see, play with, and feed the many, many rabbits frolicking about, and videos of tourists interacting with the island’s fluffy denizens swarming around them are quite the sensation in a nation that reveres all things cute, with photos and videos from here proving to be quite popular. Indeed, the island is far more well-known for its rabbits than it is for its dark history or poison gas museum. The rabbits are not particularly good for the island’s ecosystem, but they seem to be here to stay.
Ōkunoshima
Cute and cuddly creatures are all good and well, but last we come to perhaps the most tragic island of animals. Within the African country of Liberia there lies an island within a river that for many years served as a research facility run by the New York Blood Center (NYBC) dedicated to finding a vaccine for the disease Hepatitis. The facility, called Vilab II, was established in 1972 and home to around 100 chimpanzees that were used for testing, and was able to keep up its operations through two civil wars in the war-torn nation. The work done at this island lab is considered to be instrumental in helping to develop the vaccine for Hepatitis B, as well as the perfection of sterilization methods.
Then in 2005 the facility was closed down and the NYBC promised to provide ongoing care for the remaining 66 chimpanzees left on the island by making it a chimp sanctuary. However, the funding did not last and in March of 2017 the chimps were simply abandoned to fend for themselves. This was a devastating proposition for the chimpanzees, as they were trapped on a tiny swampy island with no fresh water supply, no food, and very little chance of escape since chimpanzees are not good swimmers. They had effectively been left to die, and despite the fact that the chimps were sterilized they still have somewhat managed to continue breeding. Life finds a way.
When the plight of these apes came to public attention, conservation organizations such as the Humane Society, the Jane Goodall Institute, and Born Free, as well as private donators and various care groups, came forward to try and provide food and care for this isolated island of chimps, gathering more funds through online campaigns, but this has not proved to be sufficient and the chimps face a bleak future. The NYBC has done nothing to help, simply stating that the island has now gone over to the Liberian government, which itself does not have the funds to take care of a bunch of chimpanzees that were never native to the island. The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) has repeatedly reached out to the NYBC for help, but this has turned up nothing, and Kathleen Conlee, the vice president of animal research issues at the Humane Society told the site Motherboard:
It can’t be us by ourselves. We need that New York Blood Center support. They absolutely should be doing this. We’re always cleaning everybody else’s messes up and they have the capacity here to do right by the animals. They’re going to have to.
Liberia’s Chimp Island
Sporadic donations and a steady but weak influx of money has helped the Humane Society and other groups provide some semblance of care for the island’s chimps, but it is not nearly enough, and in recent days the animals have become noticeably thin and haggard looking. Whenever caretakers arrive to feed them, which only happens every other day at best, the animals eagerly rush forward to meet them, frantically scrambling for every last scrap they are given. It is a sad state of affairs for these close human relatives, and without a steadier influx of money to help this island of chimps they are certainly doomed to die.
It is often uncertain where many of these animals came from, why they have risen to such heights, or what their futures may hold. They hold onto their island domains out past our control, sowing questions and mysteries. While it may not always be clear what the situation is with these strange lost worlds one thing that is for sure is that it seems that for as much as we reach out and usurp nature and its creatures there will always be some isolated pockets where creatures other than us reign supreme.
Century’s Longest Total Lunar Eclipse - Get Ready for a Rare Astronomical Phenomenon
Century’s Longest Total Lunar Eclipse - Get Ready for a Rare Astronomical Phenomenon
The Total Lunar Eclipse of July 27-28 is the next biggest astronomical phenomenon this year and this is the second and last total lunar eclipse of 2018.
The July 2018 full moon presents the longest total lunar eclipse of the 21st century and lasting for 1 hour and 43 minutes.
This lunar eclipse is primarily visible from the world’s Eastern Hemisphere (Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and New Zealand). Lunar eclipses can be visible from everywhere on the night side of the Earth, if the sky is clear.
From some places, the entire eclipse will be visible, while in other areas the Moon will rise or set during the eclipse.
Daytime UFO caught on tape over Melbourne, Australia 27-May-2018
Daytime UFO caught on tape over Melbourne, Australia 27-May-2018
Here’s one new footage of a bright unidentified flying object that was hovering in the sky above Melbourne in Australia. This was taken on 27th May 2018.
Mars may once have been home to alien life, according to a new study.
Researchers from the University of Edinburgh believe that rocks near ancient lakes may contain traces of tiny creatures, known as microbes on Mars.
The team believes that sedimentary rocks made of mud or clay are the most likely to contain fossils.
These rocks formed during the Noachian and Hesperian Periods of Martian history between three and four billion years ago, when Mars’s surface was abundant in water.
Researchers believe that rocks near ancient lakes may contain traces of tiny creatures, known as microbes on Mars(Image: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS/JHU-APL)
In the study, the researchers reviewed studies of fossils on Earth, and assessed the results of lab experiments replicating the conditions on Mars, to identify the most promising sites to look for traces of life.
Their findings could help inform the landing sites for NASA ’s next mission toe Mars, which is scheduled for 2020.
Dr Sean McMahon, who led the study, said: "There are many interesting rock and mineral outcrops on Mars where we would like to search for fossils, but since we can't send rovers to all of them we have tried to prioritise the most promising deposits based on the best available information."
The Voyager 'Golden Record' NASA hoped would help aliens learn about Earth could baffle them with Bulgarian folk music and show them humanity loves to argue, astronomers warn
The Voyager 'Golden Record' NASA hoped would help aliens learn about Earth could baffle them with Bulgarian folk music and show them humanity loves to argue, astronomers warn
Records include 117 pictures, whale sounds and greetings in 54 language
Experts say the greeting could 'sound like arguing' and warn the inclusion of so many types of music could be very confusing
Also point out record relies on alien life having the same senses as us
The 'golden record' NASA sent aboard its Voyager craft to help alien life understand humanity may just confuse them, researchers have warned.
The records include maps, images and charts along with 117 pictures, humpback whale sounds, greetings in 54 language, a 20-minute 'sound essay' of life on Earth, and 90 minutes of music.
However, Rebecca Orchard and Sheri Wells-Jensen at Bowling Green State University in Ohio say it could simply confuse alien lifeforms - and show them humanity likes to argue.
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The Voyager probes launched into space with golden records (pictured) on board. Each record was etched with a map (top right) similar to those placed on the Pioneer craft
WHAT IS ON VOYAGER'S GOLDEN DISCS?
The Voyager message is carried by a phonograph record, a 12-inch gold-plated copper disk containing sounds and images selected to portray the diversity of life and culture on Earth.
The records include maps, images and charts along with 117 pictures, humpback whale sounds, greetings in 54 language, a 20-minute 'sound essay' of life on Earth, and 90 minutes of music.
'The Golden Record is a beautiful artefact and representation of how humans want to see themselves, but it is meant to be received by and interpreted by something that has the sensory capabilities of the average human,' Orchard told The Guardian before their talk at the at the National Space Society meeting in Los Angeles on Saturday.
'If the second one of these senses is absent, or an entirely different sense is added, the Golden Record becomes a bit confusing.'
They say the inclusion of greetings in 54 languages could also be disastrous.
The barrage of greetings 'pile up in a way that could be construed as arguing', said Orchard, in a language that has 'no grammatical congruity' - and also assumes the lifeforms hear in exactly the same way we do.
They say trying to match the images with the audio, assuming they can work out how to listen to is, could also end badly.
This image shows a gold record in its cover, attached to a Voyager space probe before launch in 1977. The records contain sounds from nature, such as volcanoes and thunder, as well as noises linked with humanity including a train and horse and cart
'What if you pair the image of an open daffodil with the roar of a chainsaw?' said Orchard.
However, she hoped the mere fact it was sent could bolster our reputation.
'I would hope that the mere fact that we've endeavoured to send a record of humanity shows something about our humanity,' she concluded.
However, experts say it may be some time before the messages are read.
NASA's Hubble Space Telescope map (pictured) of the paths of NASA's Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft as they journey through the solar system and into interstellar space. Hubble is gazing at two sight lines (the twin cone-shaped features) along each spacecraft's path. The telescope's goal is to help astronomers map interstellar structure along each spacecraft's star-bound route. Each sight line stretches several light-years to nearby stars
What the golden record shows: The Golden Record CoverIn the upper left-hand corner is an easily recognized drawing of the phonograph record and the stylus carried with it. The stylus is in the correct position to play the record from the beginning. Written around it in binary arithmetic is the correct time of one rotation of the record, 3.6 seconds, expressed in time units of 0,70 billionths of a second, the time period associated with a fundamental transition of the hydrogen atom. The drawing indicates that the record should be played from the outside in. Below this drawing is a side view of the record and stylus, with a binary number giving the time to play one side of the record - about an hour. The information in the upper right-hand portion of the cover is designed to show how pictures are to be constructed from the recorded signals. The top drawing shows the typical signal that occurs at the start of a picture. The picture is made from this signal, which traces the picture as a series of vertical lines
Voyager 1 is currently 13 billion miles away from Earth, travelling northward through space.
However, it will be 40,000 years before it comes close to another star system.
The probe has recently sent back data to Nasa that cosmic rays are as much as four times more abundant in interstellar space than in the vicinity of Earth.
This suggests that the heliosphere, the region of space that contains our solar system's planets, may act as a radiation shield.
During their 40 years of operation, the Voyagers have set several records.
HOW DID NASA MAKE VOYAGER'S GOLDEN RECORDS?
Many people were instrumental in the design, development and manufacturing of the golden record, NASA says.
Blank records were provided by the Pyral S.A. of Creteil, France. CBS Records contracted the JVC Cutting Center in Boulder, Colorado to cut the lacquer masters which were then sent to the James G. Lee Record Processing center in Gardena, California to cut and gold plate eight Voyager records.
The record is constructed of gold-plated copper and is 12 inches (30 cm) in diameter
Gold plating took place on August 23, 1977; afterward, the records were mounted in aluminum containers and delivered to JPL.
The record is constructed of gold-plated copper and is 12 inches (30 cm) in diameter.
The record's cover is aluminum and electroplated upon it is an ultra-pure sample of the isotope uranium-238. Uranium-238 has a half-life of 4.468 billion years.
The records also had the inscription "To the makers of music – all worlds, all times" hand-etched on its surface.
The record's cover is aluminum and electroplated upon it is an ultra-pure sample of the isotope uranium-238. Uranium-238 has a half-life of 4.468 billion years
In 2012, Voyager 1 became the only spacecraft to have entered interstellar space, which the Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft to have flown by all four outer planets – Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
Their planetary encounters include the discovery of the first active volcanoes beyond Earth – on Jupiter's moon Io – and the most Earth-like atmosphere in the solar system – on Saturn's moon Titan
The Golden Record was one of four attempts NASA made in the 1970s to send a message to alien lifeforms.
It sent maps revealing Earth's location into space on board four craft, in the hope of communicating with aliens.
But Dr Frank Drake, who designed the maps, last year spoke out about the potentially 'dangerous' decision to send the charts over 40 years ago.
All four craft have now left the solar system and are speeding into deep space with Earth's coordinates on board.
This image shows the diagram carried aboard Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11, showing aliens how to find Earth. To the right are images of a man and a woman, while the star-like shape on the left pinpoints Earth (centre) relative to a number of pulsar stars (end of each point)
THE MAPS TO EARTH
Plaques placed inside the Pioneer craft show a man and a woman alongside a basic map of Earth which plots its position in relation to distant pulsar stars.
These star are long-lasting and bright so could still point aliens in the right direction if they are found millions of years from now.
The Voyager probes launched into space with golden records on board etched with similar pulsar maps to our planet.
The records contain sounds from nature, such as volcanoes and thunder, as well as noises linked with humanity including a train, horse and cart as well as a kiss between a mother and child.
Dr Drake worked with Nasa to design charts placed aboard Pioneer 10 and 11, launched in 1972 and 1973.
And similar maps were placed on Nasa's 1977 probes Voyager 1 and Voyager 2.
In a new interview, Dr Drake spoke about the maps he helped design.
'In those days, all the people I dealt with were optimists, and they thought the ETs would be friendly,' he told his daughter, Nadia Drake, who writes for National Geographic.
'Nobody thought, even for a few seconds, about whether this might be a dangerous thing to do.'
Plaques placed inside the Pioneer craft show a man and a woman alongside a basic map of Earth which plots its position in relation to distant pulsar stars.
These stars are long-lasting and bright so could still point aliens in the right direction if they are found millions of years from now.
The Voyager probes launched into space with golden records on board etched with similar pulsar maps to our planet.
The goal was to put something on the Voyager that said where it came from, and how long it was travelling.
The records contain sounds from nature, such as volcanoes and thunder, as well as noises linked with humanity including a train, a horse and cart, and even a kiss between a mother and child.
Voyager 1 (artist's impression pictured) and its identical sister craft Voyager 2 were launched to study the outer Solar System and eventually interstellar space
Despite the potential dangers the interstellar maps pose, Dr Drake said that the chances of aliens picking up the messages are 'very small'.
He added: 'The thing is going something like 10 kilometres [6.2 miles] per second, at which speed it takes - for the typical separation of stars - about half a million years to go from one star to another.'
The astronomer is not the first expert to warn of the risks of contacting aliens.
Renowned physicist Professor Stephen Hawking suggested last year that meeting beings from another planet could lead to humans being wiped out.
Hawking said it could be similar to when the Native Americans first encountered Christopher Columbus – and 'that didn't turn out so well'.
The physicist believes if aliens discovered Earth, they are likely to want to conquer and colonise our planet.
DID NOSTRADAMUS, EDGAR CAYCE, AND BABA VANGA SOMEHOW ACCESS THE AKASHIC RECORDS?
DID NOSTRADAMUS, EDGAR CAYCE, AND BABA VANGA SOMEHOW ACCESS THE AKASHIC RECORDS?
The Akashic Records; A Massive cosmic library?
Have you ever heard about the Akashic Records? Supposedly, the Akashic Records are a massive cosmic library where everything that has ever existed, and that will ever exist, is stored: it is like a massive memory bank, located outside the boundaries of time and space.
It is believed that the Akashic records contain all the knowledge and experiences of our soul acting as a supercomputer of cosmic information where we can access information on our past lives, the present and future possibilities (forming part of the theory of reincarnation), as well as the sense of our existence.
Every moment, every test, every feeling and thought, everything would be manifested there.
But these records do not hold only information about the human soul, supposedly, the Akashic records would also possess the knowledge of the whole universe, from the beginning of life to the last future possibilities manifested from the microcosm and the macrocosm, since it is a complete universal memory. From a Theosophical and Anthroposophical point of view, we understand that the Akashic records are a summary of all human events, thoughts, words, emotions, and intent ever to have occurred in the past, present, or future: the perfect tool for a Prophet and Seer.
The idea that such a cosmic memory bank exists has fascinated scholars and philosophers since time immemorial.
Akasha or ākāśa is a term for either space or ætherin traditional Indian cosmology.
In ancient Sanskrit, it is used to describe the ‘ether’ (æther), which is an impalpable, immaterial, subtle and intangible fluid, which the ancient Hindus believed exists across and ‘inside’ the entire universe and would be the vehicle of sound and life.
As noted by Crystal Links, in Surat Shabda Yoga cosmology, the Akashic Records would be located within the causal plane of Trikuti. Believers in the Akasha make many claims about how widely the Akasha was used, including:
The claim that the Vedas of Hindus and the language of Sanskrit itself were extracted from Akasha.
The claim that in Egypt, those who could read the Akasha were held in high standing and would advise the Pharaohs on daily activities and dream interpretation.
The claim that the Druid cultures of Ireland, Scotland, Wales and England demonstrated the ability to access the Akasha.
The claim that the Bible refers to the Akasha records as the Book of Life in both the Old Testament (Psalm 69:28) and the New Testament (Philippians 4:3, Revelation 3:5, 13:8, 17:8, 20:12, 20:15 and Revelation 21:27 “Nothing impure will ever enter it, nor will anyone who does what is shameful or deceitful, but only those whose names are written in the Lamb’s book of life.”)
Alice A. Bailey wrote in her book Light of the Soul on The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Book 3 – Union achieved and its Results (1927):
The akashic record is like an immense photographic film, registering all the desires and earth experiences of our planet. Those who perceive it will see pictured thereon: The life experiences of every human being since time began, the reactions to experience of the entire animal kingdom, the aggregation of the thought-forms of a karmic nature (based on desire) of every human unit throughout time. Herein lies the great deception of the records. Only a trained occultist can distinguish between actual experience and those astral pictures created by imagination and keen desire.
In other words, we can define the Akashic Records as the ‘data’ that in theory exists in a single place, in a non-physical way, outside of time and space. The Akashic records can also be summed up as a kind of infinite memory (of everything that has happened since the beginning of time) that has become embedded and registered in the ether.
Tapping into the cosmic library
So, if such a library exists, is there a way we can access it? Tap into this information, passing all boundaries and discovering things we were perhaps better off not knowing?
If you think about the Akashic Records, and important people in history like Nostradamus, Edgar Cayce, and Baba Vanga, you can’t help and wonder whether they may have something in common.
If the Akashic records contain all the knowledge and history of the whole universe, from the beginning of life to the last future possibilities manifested from the microcosm and the macrocosm, then accessing this cosmic library means that he who access it would have infinite information available to him.
If everything that has happened, that is happening and that is yet to happen is located within this supposed cosmic library, then accessing it would mean that person would know of future events that are yet to happen.
He or she would become a seer. A Prophet. A person who has access to information others do not.
Nostradamus—one of the most notorious seers in the history of Earth
In 1555 in France, Michel de Nôtre-Dame, aka Nostradamus. began to write a series of mysterious verses, full of strange ideas, strange information. It is claimed that these were astonishing predictions of future events on Earth. Through his work, it is believed that Nostradamus managed to predict cataclysms and disasters hundreds of years before they happened.
Furthermore, it is also claimed that Nostradamus predicted the entire world history since his death up to now, and well beyond.
The French Physician and apothecary is credited with having predicted the Great Chicago Fire of 1871 and the rise of Hitler in the 1930’s. He also predicted Sept. 11, 2001, when he wrote: Earthshaking fire from the center of the Earth Will cause tremors around the New City. Two great rocks will war for a long time; Then Arethusa will redden a new river.
The man is also credited for predicting the Moon Landing, the assassination of J.F.K., and the nuclear bomb.
So how did he do it? Were his predictions the result of poems and personal writings that have wrongly been interpreted?
Or, is it possible, as some authors suggest, that Nostradamus did, in fact, manage to predict the future? And he did so by tapping into a mysterious cosmic energy: The Akashic Records.
Edgar Cayce—the other Nostradamus
Called by many as the sleeping prophet, Edgar Cayce has remained as one of the most popular seers despite the fact that not many know of his work.
He devoted his life to research topics related to the embodiment, clairvoyance, UFOs, Atlantis, spirituality, and healing, among many others.
Just as Nostradamus, he seemed to have had the incredible gift of seeing things that are yet to happen, many years into the future. He announced the awakening of one or both volcanoes Vesuvius and Etna.
In 1934, he predicted that the majority of Japanese territory would slide into the sea. Curiously, Japanese geologist Nobichico Obara argues that Japan is constantly sinking into the sea, two to three centimeters per year.
So how did he do it? Is it possible that just as Nostradamus, Cayce too managed to access the Akashic Records?
Just as Nostradamus and Cayce, Baba Vanga, a blind mystic from Bulgaria, predicted incredible things from the future.
The Bulgarian is referred to by many authors as the Nostradamus of the 21st century. Somehow, she managed to predict the 9/11 terror attacks, the 2004 Boxing Day tsunami, and she also warned the world about the rise of the terrorist group ISIS, decades ago.
9/11 according to Baba Vanga:
“Horror, horror! The American brethren (believed to be a reference to the two ‘brother’ towers) will fall after being attacked by the steel birds (thought to be the two hijacked passenger planes). “The wolves will be howling in a bush (believed to be a reference to then US president George Bush) and innocent blood will gush.”
She also managed to predict the tragic fate of the Russian Submarine the Kursk in 2000;
“At the turn of the century, in August of 1999 or 2000, Kursk will be covered with water, and the whole world will be weeping over it.”
HIDDEN WORLD UNDER ANTARCTICA REVEALED: SCIENTISTS FIND A WORLD THEY’VE NEVER IMAGINED
HIDDEN WORLD UNDER ANTARCTICA REVEALED: SCIENTISTS FIND A WORLD THEY’VE NEVER IMAGINED
The Discovery has been published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters.
Despite the fact that satellites orbiting earth have helped map our planet’s surface in great detail, there was a gap around an area of the South Pole, which is not covered by satellites due to the inclination of their orbits.
Now, scientists have finally revealed what is there, and it comes as a surprise.
Scientists exploring Antarctica have found massive mountain ranges and vast canyons that run for hundreds of miles beneath the continents thick ice.
Hidden beneath south Antarctica, researchers used ice-penetrating radar to discover massive canyons cutting through three expansive subterranean mountain ranges under the Antarctic ice shelf.
Although there is extensive satellite data that helps obtain images of the surface of the Earth and its deep interior, there was a gap around the area of the South Pole, which is not covered by satellites due to the inclination of the orbits.
Therefore, the PolarGAP project was designed to fill the gap in the coverage of satellite data from the South Pole and, in particular, to acquire the missing data reports the British Antarctic Survey, which participated in the research.
Scientists warn as global warming advances, these massive valleys could play an important role in the flow of the ice.
“As there were gaps in satellite data around the South Pole, no one knew exactly what was there,” said Dr. Kate Winter, lead author of the study and a Vice-Chancellor’s Research Fellow in Northumbria University’s Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences.
“We now understand that the mountainous region is preventing ice from East Antarctica flowing through West Antarctica to the coast. In addition, we have also discovered three subglacial valleys in West Antarctica which could be important in the future.
“If the ice sheet thins or retreats, these topographically-controlled corridors could facilitate an enhanced flow of ice further inland and could lead to the West Antarctic ice divide moving. This would, in turn, increase the speed and rate at which ice flows out from the center of Antarctica to its edges, leading to an increase in global sea levels.”
Dr. Winter adds: “The data we have gathered will enable ice sheet modelers to predict what will happen if the ice sheet thins, which will mean we can start to answer the questions we couldn’t answer before.”
The mission marked the first time scientists were able to map three vast subglacial valleys in West Antarctica. The largest valley, known as Foundation Trough, is more than 350 kilometers long and 35 kilometers wide. Its length is equivalent to the distance from London to Manchester, while its width equals more than one and a half times the length of the island of Manhattan in New York.
Two of the remaining valleys are equally vast. The Patuxent canal is more than 300 kilometers long and more than 15 wide, while the Offset Rift Basin is 150 long and 30 wide.
Scientists warn that if climate change causes the ice sheet to be reduced, these valleys could increase the speed at which ice flows from the center of Antarctica to the sea, raising global sea levels.
WHAT WAS MANNA, THE MYSTERY FOOD ‘GOD’ SENT DOWN FROM HEAVEN?
WHAT WAS MANNA, THE MYSTERY FOOD ‘GOD’ SENT DOWN FROM HEAVEN?
Manna: The Food of God
Manna—also known as Mana—was a mysterious substance which was, according to the Bible, sent by God and given to the Israelites as they traveled in the desert during their ‘forty-year’ period following the Exodus.
In the Bible, it explains how the Israelites got from Egypt, where they’d been slaves, to the Promised Land.
They had to cross the Sinai Desert. And inevitably, given that there was a lot of Israelites and very little growing, as it was a desert, they ran short on supplies. At this point, in order to prevent the population from starving, God sent down Manna from heaven.
As it fell to Earth, Manna is described as some kind of seed. These seeds were connected the day after they had fallen to Earth. Manna provided food for the Israelites every day except Friday, since on Saturday—the Sabbath—it did not fall.
In the Biblical book of the Exodus, it is written that Manna appeared every night and every morning after the dew had disappeared and that it had to be collected before the heat of the sun melted it.
According to historical accounts, Manna arrived with the dew, at night.
The manna is described as a kind of seed similar to that of the coriander, white, which after being ground and baked resembled wafers with honey, although in some accounts it is described as being the same color as Indian myrrh.
If we take a look at the Hebrew Bible, we will find two descriptions referring to Manna.
We find the first description in Exodus 16:1–36 and once again in Numbers 11:1–9.
In Exodus, manna is described as “a fine, flake-like thing” similar to the frost on the ground. In Exodus Manna is described as being similar to hoarfrost in color. The ‘Food’ had to be gathered before it melted by the sun. Exodus describes manna as tasting like wafers that had been prepared with honey.
The Gathering of the Manna by James Tissot. Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons.
In the Book of Numbers Manna is detailed as arriving with the dew during the night. In Numbers, we find details of Manna resembling bdellium—a semi-transparent oleo-gum-resin extracted from trees growing in Ethiopia, Eritrea and sub-SaharanAfrica.
Mystery man…na
So, basically, Manna was a food sent by God, to keep the population from starving. But we still don’t know what it was.
In the book of Exodus, we find that the Israelites were told only to eat manna they had gathered for each day as stored mana “bred worms and stank.”
However, curiously, manna stored the day before the Sabbath did not spoil overnight, as it clearly states in Exodus16:23–24:
This is what the Lord commanded: “Tomorrow is to be a day of rest, a holy Sabbath to the Lord. So, bake what you want to bake and boil what you want to boil. Save whatever is left and keep it until morning.” So, they saved it until morning, as Moses commanded, and it did not stink or get maggots in it.
So, what is Manna? Is it a naturally abundant food provided by God or, as some believe?
The Gathering of the Manna, c. 1460-1470. Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons.
Some believe that the Zohar—a collection of spiritual commentaries and interpretations of the Torah and is central to the mystical Kabbalah belief written in the 13th century may offer more details about this mysterious food source.
In the Zohar, we find descriptions of what is referred to as the Ancient of Days providing Manna.
According to the Book of Daniel AncientofDays is a name for God. In Eastern OrthodoxChristian hymns and icons, the AncientofDays is sometimes identified with God the Father or occasionally The Holy Spirit.
As noted by ancient astronaut theorists, the Zohar describes different-sized brains, different-sized faces that were connected with different tubes and different light sources.
And despite the fact that theologians have suggested that this is a description of God, ancient astronaut theorists argue that from a modern perspective, what is described in the Zohar isn’t necessarily a god figure, but rather a type of machine: A machine that somehow produced ‘manna’ a mysterious food source that has still not been identified, despite the fact that numerous historical accounts suggest it was real.
The Manna machine theory offers two explanations as to where the Israelites may have gotten it from.
One suggests they stole it from the Egyptians before their exodus, while the other, more controversial one suspect’s extraterrestrials gave it to them as a humanitarian gesture, to prevent their starvation in the desert.
Either way, the answer, like the Ark of the Covenant, seems lost to history.
Manna Machine
In 1978 George Sassoon and Rodney Dale wrote a book which was based upon a translation of the section of the Zohar a called “The Ancient of Days”. In the book, the authors conclude that Manna was produced by a machine that had created algae as food for human beings in biblical times. The so-called Manna machine was eventually reproduced by George who was an engineer, who is said to have followed the directions given in The Ancient of Days. After creating the machine, he claimed it created a food source of algae.
Furthermore, This explains how the Israelis survived their forty year journey in the Sinai Desert. It is said by Sassoon and Dale that a nuclear reactor used to power the manna machine was stored within the Ark of the Covenant.
This Remarkable New Crop Circle Formation Just Appeared
This Remarkable New Crop Circle Formation Just Appeared
This remarkable Crop Circle was just reported and documented in Buckland Down, Nr Cerne Abbas, Dorset on 26th May 2018. The new formation is visually stunning and incredibly precise!
A DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ANCIENT EGYPTIAN COSMOS
A DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ANCIENT EGYPTIAN COSMOS
The Egyptian Cosmos
The Egyptian cosmos is separated into two parts. The upper region consists of the earth (Geb), atmosphere (Shu) and heavens (Nut). Nut and Geb are lovers, but Shu must hold them apart to allow the other gods the freedom to move across the cosmos.
Most important of these celestial children is Ra, the sun-god, who sails across the sky at day and into the underworld at night. Whereas the heavenly bodies represent the divine order of the universe, the underworld epitomizes pure chaos. The ‘Duat’, as it is known, is a dark abyss thriving with snakes, monsters and evil spirits.
To bring order to this chaos, several gods made their home in the underworld, helping to guide the dead through its treacherous terrain. It is Ra, the sun-god, who helps bring balance to the cosmos, with the help of his fellow deities. He sails across the ‘River of the Sky’ in the day, resting in his boat known as Mandjet (the day barge). During the evening, he enters the underworld, and the boat would take on the name, Mesketet (the boat of millions).
As he descends into the netherworld, the body of Ra perishes, bringing darkness to the upper region of the Earth. A crew of lesser deities guard his body and steer the boat through the perilous underworld, in the hope of bringing him back to life.
The boats first stop is at the gap of Abydos, where the souls of countless humans onboard. They will be judged by Osiris who will determine their place in the afterlife. The Mesketet then sets off on its journey into the underworld, where it will pass through twelve gates, each chamber offering a challenge which must be overcome before Ra can rise again.
HOUR 1: At the ‘Watercourse of Ra’, Wepwawet, the opener of ways, unlocks the first gate, allowing the Ra access to the underworld. The boat passes six snakes whom the goddess Ba holds at bay.
HOUR 2: It is at ‘Ur Nes’, where Ra’s light nurtures the spirit of the corn so that it may flourish in the upper world, bringing health and abundance to his people.
HOUR 3: In the ‘Kingdom of Osiris’, the hearts of mortals are judged against the weight of a feather. If the weight of their sins causes the scales to drop all the way to the bottom, they are eaten by Amemt, devourer of souls.
HOUR 4: ‘Living One of Forms’ is a gloomy desert realm, presided over by Sokar, lord of the mysterious. The boat floats quietly over the sands, so as not to rouse a hydra which guards the realm.
HOUR 5: The boat of Ra passes into a ravine known as ‘The Hidden’. The way out is guarded by two sphinxes, whose riddles must be solved before the boat can move on. It is Sokar, god of the dead, who helps them solve the guardian’s secrets.
HOUR 6: At ‘the Abyss of Waters’, the boat drops into a great river. A monstrous lion prowls its banks, and further along, they are joined by Khepera, god of resurrection, who later, will help to revive the body of Ra.
HOUR 7: ‘The Secret Cavern’ is a perilous realm, for Apep, lord of Chaos resides there. The great serpent tries to swallow the boat, but Isis, goddess of magic, uses her powers to banish the beast back into the abyss.
HOUR 8: ‘Sarcophagus of the Gods’ is the resting place of bygone deities. When the boat of Ra passes, they cry out and salute the sun-god, for his time to arise is close at hand.
HOUR 9: As the boat enters the ‘Procession of Images’, the river becomes savage and unruly. The 12-star gods help guide the boat away from fire-breathing serpents, back to safer shores.
HOUR 10: The boat now arrives at ‘Lofty of Banks’. A group of Divine warriors protects Ra as a great hawk, known as the ‘Leader of Heaven’, guides them toward the light. Khepera joins himself to Ra, in readiness for his resurrection.
HOUR 11: ‘Mouth of the Cavern’ is a land of life and death. Those mortals who were deemed evil in the third hour are cast into a pit, guarded over by goddesses of fire until they perish. Shedu, as a winged serpent, brings with him the promise of a new day.
HOUR 12: ‘The Birth Shines Forth’ is the final chamber, where Khepera resurrects the great king Ra. His waking form glides through the mouth of the great serpent known as ‘Life of the Gods’.
So it is that Ra is reborn, and the glory of the morning sun causes all people to cheer as his light returns to the upper region of Egypt.
Written by Simon E. Davies, Contributor to Ancient Code.
HERE ARE 12 OF THE MOST PROMINENT ANCIENT GODS OF MESOPOTAMIA
HERE ARE 12 OF THE MOST PROMINENT ANCIENT GODS OF MESOPOTAMIA
Sumer, known as the “land of the kings”, was founded in southern Mesopotamia (modern day Iraq) between 4500 and 4000 BCE. It became one of the first civilizations ever established in history, where its people drained the marshes for agriculture, developed trade, and established industries such as weaving, metallurgy, and pottery.
Each city was protected by a particular god or goddess, with large temples built in the city center for them to reside in. The Gods of Mesopotamia still possessed the vestigial remnants of their earlier, elemental roles, such as air, fire, and thunder.
Anu (God of heaven) was the original ruler of the Mesopotamian pantheon. He was an ethereal-god, known as the lord of constellations and master of spirits, who dwelt in the highest region of heaven and had the power to judge those who committed crimes.
Enlil (God of the air) was patron to the city of Nippur, associated with the wind and open spaces. He was the only god who could reach out to Anu in heaven, because he ruled over the sky. It was Enlil who helped create humans, but he soon grew irritated of their commotion and tried to kill them by engulfing them in a great flood.
Enki (God of freshwater) was the patron of the city of Eridu. He was known as the lord of knowledge, crafts and creation, who resided over all who dwelt on the earth plane. He was the keeper of a divine power known as ‘Me’ which were inscribed on stone tablets (said to hold the secrets of civilization). He is often depicted with a horned crown, dressed in the skin of a carp.
Enbilulu (God of Rivers) was in charge of the river Tigris and Euphrates, both of which were considered to be very sacred. He ruled over the domain of agriculture, teaching men the craft of irrigation and farming. It is said he knew the secrets of water above and below the earth, granting him the power to make all things flourish.
Nergal (God of Death) was a chthonic deity whose seat of power resided in Cuthah. He is often presented as half man half lion, known by all as the “raging king,” or “furious one.” He represented the sun of noon-time that brings darkness and chaos, thereby associating him with war, famine and pestilence. He also presided over the netherworld, where he governed the dead souls of the afterlife.
Nanna (God of the Moon) was commonly known as the “lord of wisdom” who presided over the city of Ur. He personified the sacred knowledge of science, astronomy and astrology. Nanna was often presented as a great, winged bull flying across the crescent moon. In the astral system he is represented by the number 30 (which refers to the average number of days in a lunar month).
Ninurta (God of War) was lord of Lagash, often depicted with a magical mace called Sharur. Not only a master of war, he was also associated with healing and surgery, helping to release humans from injury, illness and demonic possession. It was Enki, the fresh-water God, who mentored Ninurta’s in the ways of warfare and arcane knowledge (probably based upon the sacred teachings of the Me).
Utu (God of the Sun) was in charge of truth, justice and law. He is usually portrayed as a man wearing a helmet, holding a sun disk and carrying a serrated sword. Every day Utu emerges from a mountain in the east, travelling across the Earth in a chariot, before returning to a cave in a west (creating dawn, midday and sunset respectively). Every night he descends into the underworld to decide the fate of the dead.
Gerra (God of Fire) was said to possess a wisdom and skill so vast “that all the gods could not fathom it”. He was known to his followers as “lord of the fire and the forge”, capable of refining potent metals, purifying people of evil spirits and mastering any weapon known to man. It was claimed that he was undefeatable in battle.
Tammuz (God of Vegetation) was a patrol deity associated with food and sustenance. He represented abundance in the spring, and the waning of life in the Autumn. The passing of summer came to represent death to Mesopotamian’s, and many rituals were practiced in Tammuz’s name, grieving for his passing and calling for his return in the coming year.
Marduk (God of Storms) was the patron deity of Babylon, who slowly rose to power as the head of the Babylonian pantheon. He is a complex God associated with prophecy, resurrection and thunder. He rose to power during a civil war between the gods and their prodigy (known as the Igigi). It was Marduk who conquered Tiamat (a primeval goddess), elevating him to the status of God-king, ruling over the Heaven and the Earth. All nature, including man, owed its existence to him.
Nabu (God of Scribes) was master of wisdom and writing. He was the son of Marduk, acting as his scribe and minister, and eventually became the keeper of the Tablets of Destiny, in which the fate of humankind was recorded. Nabu wears a horned cap, and stands with hands clasped, in the ancient gesture of priesthood. He rides on a winged dragon that is initially belonged to his father Marduk.
Written by Simon E. Davies, Contributor to Ancient Code.
Two men from southeastern China got a surprise on their way to work last week when they discovered the nose cone of a lunar rocket peeking out from a clump of bushes.
Huang Yijin and Zhang Hejin were walking through a forest near the village of Wuchang, Fujian province, about 5.30am when they stumbled on their unlikely find, Chinese news portal Dianwang Toutiao reported.
The power plant workers’ first thought was that the large metal fairing was part of a crashed UFO, so they called the police.
Authorities soon confirmed, however, that rather than coming from an alien spacecraft, the cone was in fact from the Long March 4C rocket used to launch China’s Queqiao relay satellite into orbit from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in southwestern China’s Sichuan province on May 20, about 2km west of where it was found the next day.
The satellite launch was part of the broader Chang’e 4 mission – named after the lunar goddess in Chinese mythology – to send a probe to the dark side of the moon later this year.
The China National Space Administration said earlier that Queqiao – or “Magpie Bridge” – would relay communications between controllers on Earth and the lander.
Once officials had determined the wreckage did not pose a threat to anyone – satellite fairings are designed to break away and fall back to Earth soon after take-off – they enlisted the help of some locals and carried it into Wuchang and put it in the village’s grain store for safekeeping, the report said.
The website report said that while it was not uncommon for people to find debris from space rockets, the location of the Fujian find was unusual.
After its short stay in the grain store, the nose cone was moved to a local museum before being reclaimed by workers from the launch centre on Wednesday, the report said.
Military report reveals more strange details on ‘UFO’ sighting
Military report reveals more strange details on ‘UFO’ sighting
UFO sightings are a dime a dozen these days and they have been for a while, but back in December, the New York Times released the results of an investigation into the US military’s monitoring of UFO claims and came up with something totally wild. It was a video released by the Pentagon that shows US Navy pilots tracking the movements of a totally unexplainable aircraft. Now, a local news team from Las Vegas has obtained a military report that offers even more details on the sighting and the story is somehow becoming even more bizarre than it already was.
The report explains in great details how a US Navy aircraft carrier played a strange game of hide and seek with multiple Anomalous Aerial Vehicles (AAVs) that demonstrated flight characteristics that should be downright impossible to pull off. The sightings began on Nov. 10, 2004, and lasted for several days. The objects would appear on the carrier’s radar systems for short periods, seeming to hover still, and then fly off at high speeds.
Confused by exactly what was going on, the crew decided to investigate. When the object appeared again a few days later, a pair of F/A-18Fs was directed to check out the strange signals. The result is the now-famous video showing the “Tic Tac”-shaped UFO cruising along at incredibly high speeds and making rapid changes in altitude.
In the new report, the object is described as “solid white, smooth, with no edges” and being “uniformly colored with no nacelles, pylons, or wings.” The report says the object was estimated to be about 46 feet long. By comparison, the F/A-18 fighters that were trailing it measure around 56 feet long, meaning that whatever it was that the Navy spotted could feasibly hold one or more human-size individuals.
The pilot said they never felt as though the object was a threat, but the report notes that the AAV seemed to react to the presence of the jets, “demonstrating an advanced acceleration, aerodynamic and propulsion capability.”
Throughout the several days of seeing the object come and go, the Navy says it may have demonstrated the ability to “cloak” and disappear to the human eye. Its rapid descent from 60,000 feet to just 50 feet before disappearing also made officials consider the possibility that it was capable of operating underwater, effortlessly moving from the air to the sea at will. It’s all pretty freaky.
US aircraft carrier was stalked for days by a UFO travelling at 'ballistic missile speed' which could hover above the sea for six days, leaked Pentagon report reveals
US aircraft carrier was stalked for days by a UFO travelling at 'ballistic missile speed' which could hover above the sea for six days, leaked Pentagon report reveals
Unclassified 2009 Pentagon report on a Navy encounter with a UFO has leaked
F-18s encountered the strange object off the coast of Mexico in November 2004
Previously released video shows the object flying at incredible speeds
New report suggests it may have been docking with an underwater craft
Object was white, 46 feet long, shaped like a Tic-Tac with no wings or nacelles
Descended from 60,000 feet to 50 feet at ballistic missile speeds then hovered
A leaked Pentagon report has revealed new details about the UFO encounter that shocked Navy fighter pilots above the Pacific.
The 2009 report does not bear any date or agency logo, but four officials confirmed that it was written as part of a Pentagon program with input from multiple agencies, KLAS reported.
The Las Vegas news station obtained the unclassified report while visiting Washington, DC for a debriefing arranged by former Senator Harry Reid.
The report reveals stunning new first-hand accounts of the November 14, 2004 encounter, which was documented in video that emerged in December of last year.
The incident unfolded as the Nimitz carrier group was conducting training exercises off the coast of southern California and Mexico ahead of a deployment to the Arabian Sea.
The USS Princeton (seen in file photo) made multiple radar contacts with the objects in 2004
The location of the incident as given in the leaked report is seen in the above map
Beginning around November 10, the USS Princeton, a Ticonderoga-class guided missile cruiser, made multiple radar contacts with what the report calls an Anomalous Aerial Vehicle (AAV).
The senior chief fire controlman on the Princeton, which was equipped with ultra-advanced AN/SPY-1 multifunctional phased-array radar, reported that the AAV appeared from above 60,000 feet - the radar's scan ceiling - and descended 'very rapidly' to about 50 feet above the surface of the ocean.
They would hover for a short time and then depart at high velocities and turn rates demonstrating advanced capabilities, the senior chief said.
The senior chief, who had 17 years of experience in fire control on cruisers, said he never obtained an accurate track on the AAV, because they exhibited speed consistent with a ballistic missile, but the radar was set to air intercept mode rather than ballistic missile tracking mode.
Then on November 14, the Princeton again detected an AAV around 11am and called it in two F/A-18 Hornets that happened to be returning to the USS Nimitz from a training exercise.
An E-2C Hawkeye surveillance plane was also operating in the area and attempted a radar contact on the AAV, but made only intermittent contact as was unable to gain a track.
On November 14, the Princeton again detected an AAV around 11am and called it in two F/A-18 Hornets that happened to be returning to the USS Nimitz (pictured) from a training exercise
An E-2C Hawkeye surveillance plane (like the one seen above) was also operating in the area and attempted a radar contact on the AAV, but made only intermittent contact
The skies were clear and blue with unlimited visibility that day, and the sea was calm, according to the report.
The first fighter jet to investigate, a USMC single-seat F/A-18C, flew within five to 10 nautical miles of the AAV's location, but could not see it. Instead, he reported seeing a circular disturbance in the water about 50 to 100 meters in diameter. It reminded the pilot of something rapidly submerging in the ocean, like a submarine.
The report hypothesizes that 'it is possible that the disturbance was being caused by an AAV but that the AAV was "cloaked" or invisible to the human eye.'
The Marine pilot was called off after the controller asked a plane carrying ordnance to respond, which he was not. When he returned to the USS Nimitz, his intelligence officer asked him if he'd seen the 'supersonic Tic Tac'.
The next jet to respond was a Navy F/A-18F piloted by Cmdr. David Fravor and Lt. Cmdr. Jim Slaight, who made visual contact with the AAV that they have since publicly discussed, corroborating the report.
Fravor was piloting an F/A-18F Super Hornet like the one seen above in a file photo when he reported making visual contact with a hovering object shaped like a 46-foot Tic Tac
Fravor (left) has publicly discussed seeing the object, corroborating the report
Fravor also spotted a disturbance in the water, almost as if it were boiling. But this time, hovering above the disturbance was a strange object.
The object was shaped like an elongated egg or a "Tic Tac", according to Fravor, and was 'holding like a Harrier', the jump jet that can take off vertically.
Slaight, whose name is redacted from the report, described it as 'solid white, smooth, with no edges. It was uniformly colored with no nacelles, pylons or wings.'
He described the exterior of the object as 'like it had a white candy-coated shell, almost like a white board.'
When Fravor attempted to make a close pass of the object to attempt visual recognition, the object appeared to react, realigning its axis to point at the approaching plane. The AAV then ascended quickly and departed at supersonic speed.
When Fravor and Slaight returned to the Nimitz, the sailors in the intelligence center donned tin-foil hats to greet them, asking eagerly about their 'UFO flight'.
Later in the day, another plane made the video that has since been released, according to the report.
Around 3pm, another Navy F/A-18F tracked a remarkable object on FLIR, which Fravor's plane had not been equipped with.
The pilot said he couldn't confirm whether he had tracked the same object seen by Fravor and Slaight, because he never made visual contact, only tracked it through FLIR.
The report notes that the USS Louisville nuclear fast-attack submarine was operating in the area, and detected no unusual undersea activity over the duration of the incidents.
The incident was filed in a regular training mission report and it is unclear if it was reported up the chain of command, the report finds.
The aircrews involved made and kept a copy of the FLIR recording, but were subjected to a 'high level of ridicule' over the incident, the report found.
Whatever the AAV was, the report stresses that it was 'no known aircraft or air vehicle currently in the inventory of the United States or any foreign nation.'
Former Senator Reid, now recovering following cancer surgery, and others have urged Congress to create a new Pentagon program to study similar incidents as a matter of national security.
Another highly classified version of the leaked report was also written, but it is unlikely to ever be released.
L’histoire d'une des plus grandes aventures ufologiques du 20 ème siècle : l’affaire dite de « Valensole » ! Invité Arnaud Esquerre sociologue chargé de recherche au CNRS.
Le 1er juillet 1965 – dans l’arrière-pays provençal – un agriculteur est le témoin d’un phénomène mystérieux...
Selon ses dires, il serait entré en contact avec une créature inconnue et un engin jusque-là jamais vu !
Alerté, les gendarmes prennent aussitôt le dossier en main… D’auditions en expertises, d’analyses en constats, ils tentent de tirer le vrai du faux dans une affaire qui flirte bon avec la science-fiction! Au même moment, la petite commune de Valensole – là où justement s’est produit le curieux événement – s’invite en Une de l’actualité nationale. Et les journalistes spéculent déjà sur une possible visite extraterrestre !
Mais… malgré une enquête de plusieurs semaines, malgré l’intervention de chercheurs du CNRS et l’étude du dossier par plusieurs spécialistes des phénomènes aérospatiaux… L’énigme autour de l’apparition du 1er juillet 1965 perdure.
Aujourd’hui plus de 50 ans après les faits, Valensole est devenue un lieu de pèlerinage et de rencontre pour tous les amateurs d’OVNIS et passionnés de paranormal. Quant à l’histoire de « la rencontre faite par Maurice Masse », elle est fréquemment citée en exemple dans les conférences quitte à être déformé ou modifiée.
Alors que s’est-il réellement passé ce 1er juillet 1965 dans un champ de lavande du Sud de la France ? Quelles sont les hypothèses les plus crédibles pour expliquer ce curieux épisode dont a été témoin Maurice Masse ? Et peut-il donc s’agir d’une possible rencontre extraterrestre ?
sociologue, chargé de recherche au CNRS, membre du laboratoire d'ethnologie et de sociologie comparative auteur de "Prédire, l'astrologie au XXIème siècle en France" ed.Fayard
*A great many thanks to Roy Leraand, who seems to be the person who uploaded in 2013 images 2, 3 & 4, you see above, which are now probably one of the best photos we have to this day of the original Crabwood crop circle. For more pictures of this formation, look here.
I. Introduction
The Crabwood crop circle is a crop circle design that appeared in a field near a communication tower in the area of Winchester, near Crab Wood, England, on the morning of 15 August 2002, featuring a face of a being from the type "grey" and a coded message (accompanying the image) in a CD format. Nobody claimed ownership over the work at the time. Lucy Pringle - a well known crop circle researcher, did an amazing job in documenting the case.
This crop circle is probably one of the most interesting such because it is one of the very few formations that contain an actual clear & direct message embodied in them. Another example of such crop circle, containing a clear & direct message, would be the Chilbolton crop circle.
II. Basis
No matter how many pictures and how good images have been taken by researchers at that time when the formation appeared, there are in reality very few pictures of the Crabwood crop circle with high resolution on the internet. If this crop pattern is a serious communication from a serious instance with a serious message, it is crucial that we know exactly what the communication contains and have all the details about it. The back-engineered images you will see here are meant to set a record of the results of a rigorous & precise examination of both the image and the message of this crop pattern based on the documentation available and are meant to offer to some degree a better quality of view and to possibly show in more details the crop circle itself, for this crop circle is everything but a simple one and it is probably not out of place to say that all details it contains matter for one reason or another.
III. Research
- From the summer of 1952 until the summer of 2002 there are exactly 50 years – Q: What happened in the summer of 1952? A: The UFO lights over Washington, USA.
- From 1942 until 2002 there are exactly 60 years – Q: What happened in 1942? A: The event known as “The battle over Los Angeles”.
- Between 2002 and 2012 there are exactly 10 years.
- It seems that there is actually no bell sound at the end of the Crabwood message and that the “bell sound” mentioned by some previous crop circle reporters (included at the end of the Crabwood message) is very very possibly a misdecoding of the last “dot” finishing the last sentence of the message. Investigation on this issue is advised for everyone, who might have some doubts about the results of this research.
IV. Results
THE BACK-ENGINEERED IMAGES OF THE CRABWOOD CROP CIRCLE (v.10.2015):
V. Notes
Note: Be aware that the decoded message in English letters and the restored image with it, together, are as accurately investigated as it is possible based on the documentation available and are quite possibly the most accurate back-engineered pieces of information that one can find around regarding the Crabwood crop circle. Anyway, hereby it is acknowledged, that even so, the restored pictures are not absolutely 1 to 1 equals to the original image and it is known that there are still some imperfections between the original image and the digitally enhanced image. If you believe you can do a better job in fixing those imperfections, you are free to build upon this work by following the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). Perhaps it is also not a bad idea for you to check everything out for yourself, if you have doubts regarding the results of this research.
As an author of the back-engineered pictures, I can submit clearly my position, that in the process of restoration of the Crabwood image, I convinced myself that this crop circle is made with the help of a more complex piece of technology than with the help of ropes, planks of wood and measuring tools. Based on the lack of evidences, we can only speculate, as to whom this technology belongs to, or who, or what was involved in the creation of this formation. Ultimately, the complexity of this crop pattern is forcing us to consider its message & its implications much more seriously.
With over 20 fissures still gushing lava on Hawaii’s Big Island, the damage caused by the Kilauea Volcano has become so widespread that it can now be seen from space.
On Friday, the European Space Agency (ESA) tweeted satellite images that were first captured by the Sentinel-2 on May 23. Sentinel-2 is the agency’s Earth observation mission that detects changes in the planet’s surface. The satellite, which offers forest monitoring and natural disaster management, offered surprising new photographs that reveal the extent of Kilauea’s damage.
It’s unusual for volcanic activity to make that great of an impact on satellite imaging, but the Kilauea Volcano has managed to cover nearly 2,400 acres in lava. According to Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), at least 82 structures have been damaged or destroyed by lava, 41 of which are homes. Lava spatter has led to serious injuries and the extent of lava flows catalyzed hundreds of displacements, where at least 230 people are now in shelters.
ESA’s satellite images of Hawaii’s Big Island suggest that it’s still possible for the Kilauea lava flows to cut off all access to the Lower Puna area. Government officials have already begun planning helicopter evacuations in preparation of that development.
The latest update from the US Geological Survey (USGS) notes that the fissure system continues to produce robust eruptive activity in the Lower East Rift Zone. Beyond the destruction visible from space, the agency also warns that volcanic gas emissions remain very high from the fissure eruptions.
ShutterstockPluto is misschien een gigantische komeet en zelfs geen dwergplaneet.
WETENSCHAPHet is wat met Pluto. In 2006 werd de toenmalige negende planeet gedegradeerd tot dwergplaneet en nu suggereert een nieuwe studie zelfs dat Pluto helemaal geen planeet is. Mogelijk is Pluto ontstaan uit een miljard kometen en moet het zich zelf tevredenstellen met de kwalificatie van “gigantische komeet”.
Wetenschappers hebben interessante gelijkenissen gevonden tussen Pluto en komeet 67P die ESA-ruimtesonde Rosetta in 2004 onder de loep nam. De bevindingen zijn te lezen in het wetenschappelijke tijdschrift Icarus. De onderzoekers richtten zich op het stikstofrijke ijs in Sputnik Planitia, een grote gletsjer op Pluto. Christopher Glein van het Southwest Research Institute (SwRI): “We ontdekten een intrigerende overeenkomst tussen de geschatte hoeveelheid van stikstof in de gletjser en de hoeveelheid die we zouden verwachten als Pluto gevormd zou zijn door het samenklitten van ruwweg een miljard kometen of andere objecten uit de Kuipergordel die qua chemische samenstelling lijken op 67P, de komeet die Rosetta onderzocht”. Kortom, op basis van zijn scheikundige opbouw zou Pluto weleens een “flinke komeet” kunnen zijn, of het resultaat van een miljard samengeklonterde kometen. SwRI noemt dit het “kosmochemische model”.
Rosetta werd op 2 maart 2004 gelanceerd en kwam een goeie tien jaar later, op 6 augustus 2014, aan bij komeet 67P. Op 12 november 2014 zette Rosetta’s lander, Philae, voet op de komeet. In 2006 lanceerde NASA de ruimtesonde New Horizons richting Pluto, dat zich op een afstand van 4,28 tot 7,5 miljard kilometer van de Aarde bevindt. Pas in juli 2015 kwam de New Horizons dicht genoeg bij Pluto om de dwergplaneet te kunnen onderzoeken. Het SwRI heeft de resultaten van beide ruimtesondes nu naast elkaar gelegd.
EPAFoto van Rosetta van de komeet 67P/Tsjoerjoemov-Gerasimenko.
WETENSCHAP & PLANEET De gouden plaat van NASA werd in de ruimte gelanceerd als een ‘portret’ van de mensheid. Maar bij eventuele buitenaardse wezens kan ze een heel vertekend beeld geven, zeggen onderzoekers. “Die zullen een soort ontdekken die graag ruzie maakt, een brabbeltaal spreekt en schoonheid ziet in bloemen die brullen als kettingzagen.”
De Voyager Golden Record werd in 1977 samen met de Voyager-sondes gelanceerd. Zowel Voyager 1 als Voyager 2 heeft een kopie aan boord. De platen bevatten geluiden en beelden die de diversiteit van onze cultuur weergeven. Althans in onze ogen.
Voor buitenaardse levensvormen - als die er zijn - kan de plaat een totaal andere boodschap bevatten, zeiden Amerikaanse onderzoekers afgelopen weekend op een bijeenkomst van de National Space Society. Rebecca Orchard en Sheri Wells-Jensen van de universiteit van Bowling Green in Ohio bestudeerden het materiaal op de plaat. Ze maakten een analyse van hoe een buitenaardse maatschappij - met bewoners die andere zintuigen hebben dan wij - de plaat zou kunnen interpreteren.
AP
Zintuigen
De 117 beelden, dolfijngeluiden, begroetingen in 54 talen en de aardse muziek zijn zeer mensgericht, menen de onderzoekers. “De gouden plaat is een prachtig artefact en is representatief voor hoe de mens zichzelf wil zien. Maar ze is bedoeld om ontvangen en geïnterpreteerd te worden door iets dat dezelfde zintuiglijke capaciteiten heeft”, aldus Orchard. “Als het tweede zintuig ontbreekt, of helemaal anders werkt, kan de gouden plaat verwarrend worden.” Het salvo van begroetingen “volgt elkaar zodanig op dat buitenaardse wezens het kunnen interpreteren als geruzie, in een taal zonder grammatische uniformiteit”. Als ze kunnen horen, uiteraard.
De gouden plaat is representatief voor hoe de mens zichzelf wil zien.
Rebecca Orchard, onderzoeker
Verwarring
De plaat bevat audio op de ene zijde en beelden op de andere. Dat kan volgens de onderzoekers tot nog meer verwarring leiden. Als een buitenaardse beschaving geluiden zou proberen te matchen aan de beelden, kan het leven op aarde er bijzonder vreemd uitzien. “Wat als je de foto van een narcis koppelt aan het gebrul van een kettingzaag?”, zegt Orchard.
Het moeilijkst noemen de onderzoekers de muziek, die varieert van Bach over Chuck Berry tot Bulgaarse folkmuziek. “Ik kan natuurlijk niet zeggen hoe deze verschillen geïnterpreteerd zullen worden”, zegt Orchard. “Maar wat ik wel kan zeggen, is dat ze een ingewikkelde puzzel vormen voor een luisteraar die totaal niet vertrouwd is met mensen en de geluiden die ze maken.”
Hoe dan ook, het is onwaarschijnlijk dat de plaat snel verwarring zal zaaien. Voyager 1 bevindt zich nu meer dan 21 miljard kilometer van de aarde en zal pas over 40.000 jaar in de buurt van een ander sterrenstelsel komen.
Stonehenge remains one of the most debated prehistoric monuments in the world. Archaeologists believe the ring of standing stones was erected some time between 3000 BC and 2000 BC, but since the culture who created it left no written records, its ultimate purpose remains unknown. Most theories posit that the structure had some sort of ancient astronomical significance, but those are still debated. Perhaps more mysteriously, scientists still aren’t exactly sure how ancient people could have constructed the monument with the technology available to them.
A long-standing theory about the stones is that they were somehow transported to their current resting place from likely Wales. The particular type of stone used to construct the monument isn’t readily found in the area. However, earlier this year, British archaeologist Mike Pitts published a radical new theory claiming that some of the Stonehenge stones were in place millions of years before humans arrived in the area. Pitts claims that the two largest stones’ alignment with the solstice sun is coincidental, but that this alignment was noticed by ancient people who then built the rest of the monument around these two stones.
Now, a controversial new theory has been published claiming the opposite: that the stones were carried from far away in Wales. Rather than being transported by humans as is commonly thought, though, this theory instead argues that the stones were carried by a glacier. The theory was put forth by geologist Brian John in his new self-published book The Stonehenge Bluestones due for a June 1 release. John saysthat much of the current thinking surrounding Stonehenge’s construction is all based on the idea that humans, not mother nature, carried the stones. John, however, thinks this is simply hubris:
Archaeologists, in general, have assumed that if the ice couldn’t have carried them, therefore they must have been carried by human beings. People have loved this story: all of the heroic ancestors slaving away, collecting up these stones from west Wales and then carrying them all the way to Stonehenge. We all love heroic tales, and I think that’s why people have just accepted this, more or less, at face value without any questioning of the evidence on which it’s based.
John’s theory is based on his analysis of the stones themselves, which he claims are “rather clumpy bits of stone” characteristic of the stones typically carried around and ground up by glaciers. There is no evidence that humans transported the stones to their current location, he adds.
Glacial activity can produce collections of broad, flat stones commonly misattributed to ancient human activity.
However, many other archaeologists do not agree. Josh Pollard, a University of Southampton archaeologist, toldLiveScience.com that the glacier hypothesis is “looking increasingly untenable.” Pollard adds that nearby rock outcroppings show evidence of ancient quarry activity and match the composition of the stones at Stonehenge. Pollard is part of The Stonehenge Riverside Project, a research venture which studies nearby exposed rock outcrops to try and find a local source for the Stonehenge stones.
This scientists’ squabble might just be an academic ‘turf’ war, but it demonstrates just how mysterious Stonehenge remains today. Despite our best efforts, we still can’t crack the mysteries of how or why the monument was built. Will we ever know?
Alien messages are known to exist, and non of the radio transmissions have yet to be deciphered. For example Comet P67 has transmitted a song ever since it was discovered, which prompted ESA to build a probe and send it to the comet to find out if its an alien message. Once the probe got there, what it found is unknown since the ESA only published a few dozen of the thousands of photos it took. Why? Unknown? Probably hiding alien structures, since the comet itself looks like a alien face on a round head, with neck and shoulders.
Saturn has been transmitting such songs, 24/7 like comet P67. However it seems that the rings of Saturn are an amplifier of sorts, sending the signals out into the cosmos. I believe that the rings are transmitting and receiving signals constantly, so deciphering them will be impossible, since separating just one from the thousands happening at once would be a job for AI, not for humans.
Listen to the video below and decide for yourself. Saturn is calling you. Scott C. Waring
This new crop circle is reported at Buckland Down, near Cerne Abbas, Dorset, UK on May 26, 2018.
Analyze of the crop circle via Crop Circle Connector: Here we have a crop circle in star model (octagonal), which resembles a Compass Rosen related to the lunar phases. It seems to evoke the concept of time and position together.
A model of position system and counting of months (lunar phases) with the Earth at the centre and the positions of the Moon in the alignments with the Sun at the edges.
The eight rays associate this model with the Compass Rosen.
There are also moon goddess symbols made up of four crescent moons, as shown in the crop circle.
Het sterrenschip van de toekomst evolueert onderweg
Het sterrenschip van de toekomst evolueert onderweg
Caroline Kraaijvanger
Vergeet de Enterprise en Voyager. Echte interstellaire ruimteschepen zullen er héél anders uitzien en bovendien continu veranderen.
Op dit moment zijn we nog druk bezig met het verkennen van ons eigen zonnestelsel. En het moet worden toegegeven: daar valt ook nog genoeg te ontdekken. Maar het lijkt een kwestie van tijd voor we het verderop gaan zoeken; de interstellaire ruimte lonkt. Voor een reis naar andere sterren hebben we echter heel andere ruimteschepen nodig dan de exemplaren die we nu of in de nabije toekomst gebruiken om naar het ISS, de maan en Mars te reizen. Grote vraag is natuurlijk hoe zo’n interstellair ruimteschip er dan precies uit moet zien. Een onderzoeksgroep aan de TU Delft doet daar, onder leiding van Angelo Vermeulen, momenteel onderzoek naar. De studie zal niet resulteren in de bouw van zo’n sterrenschip of het ontwikkelen van de benodigde hardware, maar stevent af op een conceptueel ontwerp waar de eerste interstellaire reizigers over enkele decennia of in de loop van de volgende eeuw wellicht hun voordeel mee kunnen doen.
Apollo-missies De afgelopen decennia heeft de mensheid behoorlijk wat ervaring opgedaan met ruimtereizen; we bouwden een paar ruimtestations, zetten mensen op de maan en organiseerden tal van onbemande missies naar andere planeten, planetoïden en kometen in ons zonnestelsel. En er is zelfs één onbemande ruimtesonde die ons zonnestelsel reeds verlaten heeft. Al die ervaring komt natuurlijk van pas wanneer we een bemande interstellaire ruimtereis gaan uitstippelen. Maar tegelijkertijd moeten we ons realiseren dat zo’n interstellaire ruimtereis in niets te vergelijken is met wat de mensheid tot op heden in de ruimte heeft uitgespookt. “Dat heeft vooral te maken met de schaal van het interstellaire reizen,” vertelt Vermeulen aan Scientias.nl. “Tijdens het Apolloprogramma en ook de missies naar Mars zie je dat we stapsgewijs naar ons doel toe werkten. Eerst cirkelden de astronauten om de maan heen, tijdens een latere missie naderden ze het oppervlak, om vervolgens toch weer terug te keren naar de aarde en tijdens een volgende missie pas op het oppervlak te landen. Dat is een heel zinvolle strategie, die je in staat stelt om de risico’s in kaart te brengen. Bij interstellair reizen gaat dat niet. Je kunt niet een stukje interstellair gaan en dan weer terug.”
Neil Armstrong zette in 1969 voet op de maan.
Afbeelding: NASA.
Waar Armstrong gewapend met een draaiboek naar de al uitgebreid in kaart gebrachte maan ging, zullen de eerste interstellaire reizigers een veel onzekerdere toekomst tegemoet gaan. Ze weten niet wat ze buiten ons zonnestelsel tegen gaan komen en dus ook niet wat ze aldaar nodig zullen hebben. Wat ze wel weten, is dat ze niet op de aarde hoeven te rekenen. Een reis naar de interstellaire ruimte duurt decennia of misschien zelfs eeuwen. Even teruggaan om een probleempje of tekort op te lossen, is geen optie: waar de interstellaire reizigers ook tegenaan lopen, ze zullen het zelf moeten oplossen. En met dat alles in het achterhoofd ga je als vanzelf heel anders nadenken over het ruimtevaartuig dat zij daarbij nodig zullen hebben. “Ingenieurs moeten iets ontwerpen zonder dat ze weten waar het in de toekomst mee te maken krijgt.”
Een sterrenschip zoals we dat kennen uit sciencefiction. Mooi om te zien, maar wellicht niet zo praktisch als we denken.
Evolutie Hoe pak je zoiets aan? “De biologie heeft er een antwoord op,” stelt Vermeulen. Sterker nog: eigenlijk komt de natuur met twee antwoorden. “De eerste oplossing is redundancy. Je ziet dat veel bij bloemen en vissen. Zij produceren heel veel zaden of eitjes, in de hoop dat een klein percentage daarvan het gaat redden. Dat is een manier om met een onzekere toekomst om te gaan.” Een andere manier is: evolueren. “In dat scenario is er een compleet ontwerp, dat zich vervolgens middels evolutie aanpast aan de veranderende omstandigheden.” Het is een effectieve manier waarop je een onzekere toekomst kunt omarmen in plaats van eraan onder door te gaan. Vermeulen en collega’s hebben zich dan ook door deze oplossing van de natuur laten inspireren: ze denken momenteel na over een sterrenschip dat evolueert. In dat scenario gaat het ruimteschip zich bijna gedragen als een levend organisme dat gaat roeien met de riemen die het heeft en materialen die het in de ruimte aantreft, gaat gebruiken om zichzelf aan te passen en de overlevingskansen te optimaliseren. Dat klinkt prachtig. Maar hoe gaat dat dan in de praktijk? Daar buigen Vermeulen en collega’s zich momenteel over. Voor nu steven ze af op een ‘asteroid starship‘: een sterrenschip dat uit een kleine ruimtesteen verrijst.
Een 3D-model van een interstellair ruimteschip dat op een kleine ruimtesteen verrijst.
Afbeelding: Nils Faber & Angelo Vermeulen.
Planetoïde Wanneer je een ruimteschip wilt laten evolueren, heb je vanzelfsprekend grondstoffen nodig. En dat is een uitdaging, zo vertelt Vermeulen. “Bij interstellair reizen ligt je snelheid heel hoog. Je kunt dus niet zo gemakkelijk afremmen om wat grondstoffen te verzamelen en daarom moet je eigenlijk ruwe materialen meenemen.” Dat klinkt logisch. Maar hoe zwaarder je ruimtevaartuig is, hoe duurder het is om het te lanceren. Daarom stelt Vermeulen voor om die grondstoffen kort na de lancering in de ruimte op te duikelen. Heel concreet: hij wil een proto-ruimteschip op een ruimtesteen laten landen, waarna die ruimtesteen eigenlijk deel uit gaat maken van de interstellaire missie en dienst doet als bron van grondstoffen. Die grondstoffen worden bijvoorbeeld gebruikt om het proto-ruimteschip groter te maken (dat zal nodig zijn naarmate de populatie aan boord van het ruimteschip groeit). Maar ook om levensondersteunende systemen verder te ontwikkelen (ruimtestenen bevatten water en organisch materiaal) en het ruimteschip aan te passen aan de grillen van de interstellaire ruimte (denk bijvoorbeeld aan straling en inslagen van kleine stofdeeltjes, die door de grote snelheid heel wat schade kunnen aanrichten). In feite wordt de planetoïde zo langzaam maar zeker uitgehold, terwijl het ruimteschip groeit en verandert. Daarbij is overigens een cruciale rol weggelegd voor 3D-printers die de ruwe materialen om kunnen zetten in datgene wat de interstellaire reizigers nodig hebben.
Hier zien we de verschillende modules van dichtbij. Je ziet dat ze verschillende kleuren hebben. Deze vertellen iets over het materiaal waarvan de modules zijn gemaakt. Ook staat op elke module een icoontje dat meer vertelt over de functie ervan (zie inzet).
Afbeelding: Nils Faber.
Het is een prachtig idee dat Vermeulen en collega’s op dit moment verder verkennen. Want er valt nog veel te onderzoeken. Zo wordt momenteel met simulaties bekeken welk type ruimtesteen nu het meest geschikt is om tijdens een interstellaire ruimtereis mee te nemen. “Daarbij kijken we niet alleen naar welke materialen er in een ruimtesteen aanwezig zijn, maar ook hoe ze over de ruimtesteen verdeeld zijn.” Met behulp van simulaties wordt ook bestudeerd hoe een sterrenschip het beste kan evolueren. “Voor nu richten we ons op een modulaire architectuur.” Oftewel een uit verschillende modules opgebouwd sterrenschip. “Dat leent zich goed voor het uitbouwen. Maar evolutie gaat verder dan dat: evolutie herschikt ook. En dat kan met de modules heel goed.” Verder moet ook nog gekeken worden wat de drijvende kracht achter de evolutie in de ruimte moet worden. En wanneer deze aanpak wel en niet werkt.
Reacties Je kunt dan ook rustig stellen dat het conceptuele ontwerp – helemaal in lijn met wat Vermeulen voor ogen heeft – nog volop evolueert. Maar de reacties op de voorlopige resultaten van de onderzoeksgroep zijn overwegend positief. En recent werd het concept zelfs door ESA gepubliceerd als Technology Image of the Week. “Mensen vinden het mooi dat wij de verbeelding aanzwengelen en dat ons werk tegelijkertijd wel verankerd is in concrete data en concreet onderzoek. Dit is in die zin dus geen puur speculatieve studie.”
Dat de mens ooit de interstellaire ruimte ingaat, daar twijfelt Vermeulen geen moment over. Of daarbij gebruik wordt gemaakt van een evoluerend sterrenschip? Die kans acht hij groot. “Als gekozen wordt voor een systeem dat niet evolueert, zul je zien dat interstellaire reizigers het onderweg toch moeten veranderen. Alleen zal dat dan op veel primitievere manieren gebeuren dan wanneer je kiest voor een evoluerend ruimteschip.” Hij ziet dan ook eigenlijk geen reden om het evoluerende sterrenschip niet in te zetten. “Als je toch weet dat je dingen moet gaan veranderen, kun je het maar beter omarmen en ermee werken.” Het zal een behoorlijke ommezwaai worden voor de huidige ruimtevaartsector. “In de ruimtevaart heerst toch een cultuur van controle. De dagschema’s van de astronauten in het ISS zijn bijvoorbeeld tot op vijf minuten bepaald.” Heel anders zal het zijn tijdens de eerste interstellaire reis: aardbewoners zullen al spoedig niet meer weten wat de mensen aan boord van het sterrenschip aan het doen zijn en alleen maar kunnen gissen naar hoe het sterrenschip waarin de interstellaire reizigers vertrokken er na een paar jaar uitziet.
Bronmateriaal:
Interview met Angelo Vermeulen Afbeelding bovenaan dit artikel: Nils Faber & Angelo Vermeulen
Stone blocks modern aircraft carrying millions of people each day around the world And space shuttles sending humans to the stars.
But are these examples of modern technology, or is there evidence that these incredible achievements existed on earth thousands of years ago? You begin to have to ask yourself, are we missing part of the story? Could ancient man have possessed knowledge far beyond that of our own century?
And if so, where did it come from? I think that people in ancient times were visited by beings coming not from this earth, and they gave us scientific technologies.
It becomes ever more apparent that the possible answer of “Have aliens visited in the past?” could be a potential yes.
Millions of people around the world believe we have been visited in the past by extraterrestrial beings.
What if it were true? Did ancient aliens really help to shape our history? And if so, what if there were clues left behind, sometimes hiding in plain sight? What if we could find the evidence?
The Saqqara Bird is a bird-shaped artifact made of sycamore wood, discovered during the 1898 excavation of the Pa-di-Imen tomb in Saqqara, Egypt. Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons.
Saqqara, Egypt.
Located roughly 20 miles south of Cairo, it is home to the world-famous step pyramid of King Djoser.
Dating back more than 4,000 years, it is the oldest of Egypt’s 97 pyramids.
Saqqara is also famous for being one of Egypt’s oldest burial grounds, earning it the nickname City of the Dead.
It was here, in 1891, that French archeologists unearthed an ancient tomb containing the burial remains of Pa-di-Imen, an official from the third century BC.
Among the various items discovered was a small wooden model of what appeared to be a bird, lying beside a papyrus bearing the inscription: I want to fly.
The artifact was later sent to the Cairo Museum, where authorities placed it alongside several other bird figurines.
The model sat largely unnoticed, until 1969, when Egyptologist Dr. Kahlil Messiha was examining the bird collection and noticed that there was something very different about the Saqqara bird.
It’s interesting because on one hand, clearly, it should look like a bird because it has eyes and has a typical nose of a bird.
On the other hand, the wings are clearly not bird wings.
To the middle of the rim, you see this wing a bit thicker.
In this region, the lift-up is the highest.
The whole thing becomes thinner to the end of the wings. And those wings, model down. And this is a very modern aerodynamic design. Then the other point is, birds have no rudders. Because a bird does not need a rudder because of its aerodynamic architecture. And so, there is the idea they are not representing birds, but flying machines, or aircraft.
Could the ancient Egyptians have possessed the power of flight?
In 2006, aviation and aerodynamics expert Simon Sanderson built a scale model of the Saqqara bird five times larger than the original to test that possibility.
We’re running at a constant speed, slowly increasing the angle of attack, and then measuring the forces which it’s producing.
That way, we can learn about its flight characteristics. At ten degrees, we’re producing four times weight and lift. So, it actually would be flying now. That’s good. The test shows the Saqqara bird is a highly developed glider. And this is the design we use today.
During the Sanderson test, it was discovered that the only thing preventing the Saqqara bird from achieving flight was the lack of a rear stabilizing rudder, or elevator, needed to maintain balance.
Is it possible that the Saqqara bird ever possessed this critical component? What is missing is something like an elevator, but if you look at this feature here, then we may interpret that something like an elevator was connected here, but was lost during history.
Computer models seem to confirm that the Saqqara bird is certainly airworthy.
But there is another problem to consider: launching a glider.
Modern methods require the use of a towplane that pulls the glider into the air, then releases it when a proper altitude is reached.
So, how might the ancient Egyptians have launched the Saqqara bird? The scientists of Egyptology told us that such a bird could be powered off by catapults to fly.
And, we had high acceptance by Egyptian scientists.
The idea of using a catapult does have a contemporary parallel.
Many of today’s glider enthusiasts employ a bungee cord system to launch their sail craft into the air. But if the Saqqara bird is capable of flight, where would ancient Egyptians have acquired such technology? I think that people in ancient times were visited by beings coming not from this earth, and they gave us culture and scientific technologies to improve our life on earth coming from the primitive to a higher developed culture.
If ancient cultures would be able to produce any really flyable machine, they would be far more advanced than we believe today.
It changes our view of ancient societies.
It’s a fact that our ancestors were more intelligent and had more technological superiority capabilities than our history books give them credit for.
You begin to have to ask yourself, “Are we missing part of the story?” And honestly, I think we are.
I think there has been a forgotten episode in human history.
And, we’re a species with amnesia.
We don’t really remember who or what we are.
I haven’t been convinced that there is evidence that supports an ancient visitation, but there is no reason why not, and I think to shut oneself to that possibility is a mistake, mainly because there is so many anomalies that we can’t explain.
The dense jungles and rugged mountains of Colombia contain a vast number of archaeological sites.
Many treasure hunters believed the legendary City of Gold, El Dorado, lies hidden here somewhere under a thick canopy of trees.
While the mythical metropolis has never been found, early in the 20th century, tomb-robbers searching along the Magdalena River stumbled upon a gravesite dating back 1,500 years to a pre-Colombian civilization known as the Tolima.
Among the funerary objects found there were hundreds of small two- to three-inch gold figurines.
Many of those looked like insects and fish.
However, out of those hundreds that they found, they also found about a dozen that are eerily reminiscent of modern-day fighter jets.
They have a triangular shape.
They have an upright tailfin, stabilizers, and a fuselage.
And they have nothing in common with anything similar in nature.
Could these gold objects really be proof that earth has been visited by ancient aliens? One of the objects shows a typical swept wings like with a modern aircraft.
And you compare it to something like a space shuttle.
You see that the basic wing shape is very similar to wing shapes for high-speed aerodynamic bodies like a space shuttle is.
There is not a single insect in the world which has got its wings at the bottom.
Now, when you exclude the possibility that it’s an insect, one of the things which remain is the fact that this is actually, yes, what it looks like: a plane.
In 1997, German aviation experts including Algund Eenboom and Peter Belting set out to prove the speculation by building a scale-model replica of the gold flyer, fully equipped with landing gear and a working engine.
It was rather simple because we don’t need to put many parts to this shape because this shape is perfect.
Everything was already done by the native people 2,000 years ago. They did not add an inch or remove an inch. They just essentially blew the little thing into a larger size. I mean, this is sensational that pre-Colombian culture knew about aerodynamics. Once completed, the remote controlled flyer took off down a makeshift runway and flew. When you see this thing taking off, you really feel that this is the real deal.
It was a very successful test and showed us how perfect ancient people were working out aerodynamic design.
What it shows you that there must be something happened. We are not quite sure how it did, but that it did. This is applied science. This isn’t just thinking somewhere. This is people going out there and making sure and proving, what I still see, anybody can see this, that this is real.
This is genuine. This little thing, which sits in a museum, could fly. So we have two examples from opposite sides of the planet, and both examples are aerodynamically sound and they fly.
So, to suggest that all of this is coincidence I mean, after a while, even coincidence no longer makes sense. Could the ancients have seen actual entities, like ancient gods, ancient astronauts actually flying around in what amounted to modern aircraft? The answer to these questions may be found in ancient documents that describe flight patterns, aircraft specs, and even aerial battles in remarkable detail.
Over the past 50 years, NASA has sent astronauts into space inside large rockets. This method has been described by some as simply “putting a man on a large firecracker and lighting the fuse.
Man’s ability to travel farther into space would require more advanced propulsion systems and several are being researched by NASA. There are a wide variety of advanced propulsion technologies that are being actively developed and studied by NASA and other researchers.
A really exotic version of that is to use a launch-assist catapult, use technology derived from the magnetic levitation trains to build a maglev sled.
It carries your rocket, gets it up to about Mach 1, and then launches the rocket from it.
While these futuristic propulsion systems seem like something out of science fiction, ancient alien theorists believe past civilizations possessed these same advanced technologies.
They point to a number of cultural myths that describe sky people coming to Earth in fire-breathing dragons or metallic-looking machines as proof of extraterrestrial visitation.
In my mind, legends and myths are based on something real.
And while they’ve been “mythified” and exaggerated in many cases, in my mind, some core of truth here in that people really were flying in airships in ancient times just like we do today.
But might these ancient airships have reached Earth using the same type of propulsion systems we use today? The answer may be found deep in the Indian subcontinent.
Visiting India and its rich history
Were the ancient vimana really powerful ancient alien spaceships?
One billion people crowd its modern cities and rural townships, speaking hundreds of languages, and practicing a number of different religions.
India is considered one of the oldest civilizations with settlements dating back over 11,000 years.
It is also home to several of the oldest records of ancient technologies.
Ancient Sanskrit text dating back as far as 6000 BC, describing varying but vivid detail of flying machines called “vimanas.
Vimanas are airplanes, and they are powered by some jet engines.
This seems to be true because all the description of the flight behavior “elephants ran away in panic.
The grass was thrown out because there was a lot of pressure from behind those vimanas.
So that we can say this is a description of the spaceship.
Although mainstream historians believe the vimana texts are myths, many of the documents contain passages that seem to describe modern machinery and technology.
The Vymaanika-Shaastra goes into metals that are used in these crafts.
It talks about electricity and power sources. It talks about the pilots and the clothing they have to wear. It talks about the food that they eat. It talks even about the weapons that are kept on these airships.
The flight menus of the vimanas are quite similar to the flight menus you find in the modern passenger flight business. Or when you go to the military jet engines, of course, they have also flight menus because it’s necessary for a pilot to get knowledge about his plane he wanted to fly with.
We also learned that these vimanas could be controlled mentally.
And this is a technology that modern militaries are beginning to develop.
Even today, with as advanced as we think we are, almost every manifestation of an actual extraterrestrial civilization today would look almost like magic to us where it has to do with technological electromagnetic systems that interface with coherent thought and organized thought.
And this gets into people go, now, you’re losing me here.
But I tell people, I say, “Yeah, well, you gotta push your boundaries a little bit if you’re talking about a true “interstellar civilization.
The Vymaanika-Shaastra, or Science of Aeronautics, indicates vimanas used a propulsion system based on a combination of gyroscopes, electricity, and mercury.
Is this possible? Mercury is an unusual element. Mercury is metal. It’s also a liquid, and, uh, is a conductor of electricity. You know, there are unusual things you can do with mercury. You can put it into a closed gyroscopic device with mercury spinning around, and then you can electrify it.
Studies have been done on this by NASA and by other scientists, and they find that you have levitation effects, antigravity kind of effects, and a spinning bright light is part of it, too.
The Vymaanika-Shaastra suggests vimanas were powered by several gyroscopes placed inside a sealed liquid mercury vortex.
Here’s an example of a little kid’s gyroscope. You spin it with a heavy wheel around a central axis. Well, a gyroscope seems to do a lot of strange things, even defy gravity.
And it does this because it uses what’s called rotational, or angular, momentum. And it wants to keep a particular orientation on its spin axis, the center rod. If you push on that rod, it will want to “righten” itself up to its original orientation.
It wants to keep that same angular momentum. Gyroscopes are used all over the place: in airplanes, in spacecraft, in submarines. This allows them to determine their position based on where they started. They can also use it for finding their velocity or even just the orientation of the vehicle in space.
One of the texts talks about mercury rotating and driving some sort of a powerful wind, or a windmill effect. That might be some sort of what we call a “flywheel energy storage” where you have a spinning disc, and then you extract energy from it slowly.
That would be the mercury. And then that could be used to drive some sort of a propeller or what we’d call a ducted fan sort of system like you have in a hovercraft.
Mercury would be quite good for that because it’s a high density, so you’d have a small package for your power plant, and that’s always good when you’re building an aircraft.
Flywheel energy storage systems, however, tend to lose power quickly.
To navigate across space, its size would have to be enormous. They’re fine for use by power companies for load-leveling. You put energy in when you don’t need it.
You get energy out when you need it. But they’re sitting on the ground. To have something light enough to actually fly, it’s not at all clear that this will be a practical device. Now, maybe the people are trying to describe something that kind of looked like this to them.
It might not have actually been mercury. It might have been some other liquid metal. The mercury vortex engine is perhaps a failure in the translation because the vortex is not material quite suitable to a jet engine.
The issue of how are these civilizations traveling faster than the speed of light is a fundamental question. It’s a scientific application of things that have been studied for thousands of years and they’re within the Vadas, the ancient Vedic teachings or other ancient teachings– and it is there.
But if vimanas existed, could this prove there was a worldwide transportation network thousands of years before Columbus? The answer might be found on a mountaintop outside Mexico City.
In the 21st century, modern transportation and communication methods have connected the world like never before. Products or ideas, no matter where in the world they may have originated, can spread to even the most remote countries.
A hip-hop hit in Brooklyn might make it big in Tokyo before it’s even heard in Manhattan. This cultural interconnection has transformed the globe, but is it new? Mainstream archaeologists believe ancient civilizations such as those found in the remote Pacific Islands, Asia, and South America developed independently from each other.
But ancient astronaut theorists contend that similarities in building styles and beliefs found in these cultures suggest that a worldwide trade route may have connected them to each other.
But just like we have airports today around the world, in ancient times with the vimanas, there would have been hangars for the craft, airports for them to land.
And those airports would have been situated in strategic places around the world. And that’s exactly what we see in remote places. Could the complex set of lines covering Peru’s Nazca plain or the mysterious plateau above Mexico’s Oaxaca Valley be evidence of runways for worldwide air transportation system.
One of the unusual archaeological sites in Mexico is a place called Monte Alban. That is also a mountain where the top of the mountain was completely cut off and leveled to make a very flat tabletop mountain.
And there’s a megalithic city there, too, that’s extremely old. This was probably some kind of vimana airport. The vimanas could be kind of missing link between the single cultures in the world because they had just a very short time to flow from one part of the world to the other.
Legends of air travel are also found in ancient Africa and the Middle East.
According to The Kebra Nagast, a holy book of the Ethiopians written sometime between the fifth and second century AD, the queen of Sheba was once given a gift of a flying carpet by King Solomon of Israel.
The Kebra Nagast is one of the most important texts you’ve never heard of.
The Kebra Nagast means The Book of Kings and it is the most sacred book of the Ethiopians.
In it, King Solomon is described as having access to some type of a flying machine.
And in that part of the world, the term “flying carpet” was always used very liberally.
My question is, did they really mean actual flying carpets or was it another term with which to describe some type of a flying machine? This was the original Chariots of the Gods that Erich von Daniken talked about– the flying magic carpets of the Arabian Nights stories.
There are traditions in the Middle East of King Solomon having this airship and flying to different places in the Middle East, certain mountains which are known as the Mountains of Solomon.
These may have been certain airports or landing areas for these vimanas.
Nicholas Rourke, famous Russian-American explorer who traveled all through central Asia and Tibet in the 1920s, he too claimed that Tibetans had traditions of King Solomon flying to Tibet in this aircraft.
The Kebra Nagast also describes how King Solomon used his flying airship to make maps of the world.
But could these have any relation to other ancient maps some believe may have been made by extraterrestrials? Some of these maps show the world not as it looks today, but as it looked during the last ice age.
And this is really hard to explain.
Everybody’s heard of the Piri Reis map, but they’ve perhaps not heard of the Orontius Finnaeus map or-or the Mercator maps that show Antarctica in great detail hundreds of years before Antarctica was even discovered.
One of the most referenced stories of ancient aircraft is found in a surprising place: the Bible.
In the Book of Ezekiel, the prophet describes a flying chariot containing wheels within wheels and powered by angels.
Although Bible historians suggest Ezekiel was speaking symbolically about the terrifying enemies facing Israel, could this be another example of an alien visitation and proof that prehistoric aircraft existed? In the story of Ezekiel’s throne chariot, this flying vehicle that doesn’t seem to have any means of propulsion, if we thought of the word “angel” as representing something like celestial energy, it sounds much more like a spacecraft then because some of the angels are going back and forth.
Well, that sounds like flames.
That sounds like propulsion.
Some of them are wheel-like.
Well, those sound like flying saucers.
Our ancestors weren’t idiots.
Ezekiel saw something that was so frightening to him that he fell to his knees.
Then, out of the glory of God, came this being in these bright clothes that looked like metal, and told Ezekiel, All right, man, we brought you here. We want you to measure this monument, this building. And Ezekiel asks, well, why should I do this? And the being says, that’s why we brought you here.
And then you have 40 pages, in the second part of the Book of Ezekiel, with measurement after measurement after measurement of this gigantic building, in which, by the way, the glory of the Lord landed.
In the early 1970s, NASA scientist Joseph Blumrich set out to disprove the theory that what Ezekiel witnessed was a spaceship.
Joseph Blumrich is your proverbial rocket scientist. He worked on the moon project for NASA and, from the mind of a rocket engineer, started to look at what was written in the first part of the Book of Ezekiel.
And after many months of research, Joseph Blumrich came to the conclusion that what Ezekiel described in his eyewitness report, it was indeed a type of spacecraft.
Joseph Blumrich would go on to write The Spaceships of Ezekiel.
Several years later, a German structural engineer named Hans Herbert Beier sketched out a blueprint of the second section of the Book of Ezekiel, where Ezekiel is told to construct an open-topped building to house the flying chariot.
Ezekiel’s spaceship fits exactly into the temple that Hans Herbert Beier recreated.
So what we have here is a proof by indication. Here we have a NASA engineer and a structural engineer– they didn’t know of each other’s work– and both pieces fit together like a puzzle. In any court of law, that’s evidence that would hold up.
I think that scientists feel uncomfortable with the notion of the lost civilization precisely because the evidence for it is so ambiguous. It’s not so in your face that it’s immediately obvious.
Uh, and, you know, the result is that science has not welcomed this idea. It’ll take much more evidence before it’s widely accepted.
The god that I believe in doesn’t need a vehicle in which to move around from point A to point B. Whatever was described in the Old Testament wasn’t God, it was a misunderstood flesh-and- blood extraterrestrial whom our ancestors misinterpreted as being divine and supernatural.
And why? Because of misunderstood technology. And that is the underlying thread that applies to all of the ancient astronaut theory.
But while ancient texts provide tantalizing clues to our past, physical evidence paints an even clearer picture. But will modern science finally prove the ancient astronaut theory? Did the ancient civilizations of Earth have access to advanced technology? Well, it seems like they had something going on.
In today’s largest construction sites and quarries, huge mega-machines are used to dig, cut, and lift stones.
These man-made creatures dwarf their creators and perform the work of thousands of men using modern hydraulic technologies.
Without such equipment, builders could never construct modern skyscrapers. Yet, thousands of years ago, ancient civilizations were accomplishing the same work while constructing their monuments and temples using massive stones.
These enormous blocks– many weighing in excess of 100 tons– would be a challenge even for today’s engineers. Yet thousands of years ago, people cut them out of solid rock, transported them for miles and then lifted them precisely into place.
But how? Did they cut these massive stone blocks with hammers, chisels, and copper wire, as mainstream archeologists suggest? Could they have lifted and transported them without a pulley system or the wheel? Or did ancient civilizations possess advanced technologies that have since been lost to science? At Giza, you just don’t have the pyramids.
Linked to the pyramids are what Egyptologists call valley temples.
It doesn’t take a rocket engineer that when you go there, there’s something not quite right here.
Whereas the pyramids are built with blocks of two to three tons, these temples, which are minute compared to the pyramids, are built with blocks of 100 tons and some of them Let me tell you what a 100-ton block is.
If you take a 100 family cars and you squeeze them together you get one of these blocks.
First of all, let alone how they move these blocks is why would they want to use 100-ton blocks? It simply doesn’t make sense.
There’s no reason for them to want to build out of granite blocks the size of a semi truck.
It’s like, okay, let’s do something, but let’s do it as difficult as we could possibly do it.
The reason why I am convinced that sophisticated technology was utilized in these ancient rocks is that, if we go to a stone quarry today and look at the scope of machinery required to accomplish similar things, those machines are huge.
Subscribers to ancient alien theory do not believe extraterrestrials built these amazing monuments, but instead provided some type of technological know-how or tools to our ancestors.
Engineering expert Chris Dunn has spent several decades researching the construction tools used by the ancient Egyptians.
We’re normally taught by Egyptologists, that the ancient Egyptians had simple tools.
They went to work every day using stone balls, copper chisels or copper tube and sand to grind holes in diorite and granite, extremely hard rock.
And what I have actually gathered over the years is information that seems to actually argue against that notion that they had simple tools.
In Egypt, Dunn was able to examine ancient sites firsthand.
What he found has proved to be both revolutionary and controversial.
If you look at the Giza Plateau and all the stones that they actually placed in the Great Pyramid and the Khafre Pyramid and Menkaura’s Pyramid, two and a half million blocks of stone in the Great Pyramid alone.
They had to have had some efficient means of cutting them to size and putting them into place.
They had to have had somebody on site who is saying, “Okay, I need a block this size,” and then getting a block to them that size stat, like immediately.
While searching several miles north of Giza, at Abu Rawash, Dunn stumbled upon a clue when he spotted a granite block containing a deep cut.
When I first saw it, I just didn’t know what to make of it.
And it was only after puzzling over it for days, and sometimes waking up at 3:00 in the morning scratching my head and thinking, well, how did they make this cut? And finally, to realize that the only way that they could have actually cut that thing was with a saw that was 35 feet in diameter.
The idea that ancient Egyptians used giant saws provoked much resistance from mainstream archeologists.
Dunn however, was convinced. As an ex-machinist, I look for tool marks. I look for them everywhere I go. And I could be accused of, well, you know, if you’re going to look for something, you’re probably going to find it because you’reooking at it through a certain filter. Accepted, I agree.
But the question is, why is it there? Clearly, to me, that is a machine mark. But there were no machines back then. So what do I do? I just go looking for more machine marks. And they’re all over the place. You find them on statues.
You find them, particularly in the Luxor Museum. There seems to be an impression on the side of Amon’s buttock where it meets the bench, where there is an undercut. It was the slip of a tool. And therefore, it must have been a tool that was quite efficient. Dunn also believes that the large depressions in the ground at Giza are not boat pits as is claimed by mainstream archeologists, but were actually used to hold the 35-foot saws.
Dunn speculates that they were actually saw pits. The saws were mounted in these pits, and that they ran the blocks through the saw before they put them in the Great Pyramid. Another mystery involves how mega-stones were lifted up and placed into a precise position.
What you find in modern construction is that to build big buildings, you need to build big instruments which help build these big buildings. And that is something which archeology has never addressed. The three largest man-made stones in the world are found at the Temple of Jupiter at Baalbek in Lebanon.
Each weighs an estimated 1,000 tons– or two million pounds. A nearby quarry contains an even bigger stone, known as the Stone of the Pregnant Woman. This giant rectangular block weighs an incredible 1,200 tons. To move it today would take the strength of 21 heavy-lift cranes. Being in the construction industry, if a certain project is being constructed somewhere, particularly in mountainous areas, how would we carry this machinery, these cranes, and all that? They are so heavy that it’s virtually impossible to take them to the site. This stone came off a project in Palm Springs, where they had one of the largest excavators they could rent.
They had trouble loading it into the truck. It’s well in excess of five tons– 10,000 pounds– small in megalithic terms, but basically what we can handle with modern machinery.
We’re supposed to accept that the people who built the pyramids did not have the wheel, did not have the pulley, did not have iron.
In fact, they had nothing but brutal manpower and pieces of strings.
The comtext does not fit the evidence.
Thousands of people involved in the various stages of the project, moving very fragile pieces of stone that weigh hundreds, if not thousands, of tons.
Yes, you can use ropes, but you’re going to have to use other mechanical advantages.
But if ancient civilizations did not possess the modern mechanical equipment, how did they move and lift mega-ton stones? Some believe they were given a technical advantage from extraterrestrial visitors.
You’ve got to ask yourself, why would they try and do something that seems so incredibly difficult? The answer to why they would do that has to be that it somehow wasn’t so difficult for them.
It was easy. There exists one very concise description of how these massive stones were transported from the quarry to the building site.
The master builders had the capability of putting some type of a white substance– paper-like substance onto the stones and they rode on it, and then they basically gave the stone block a push and it moved by six feet as if by magic.
Now did that thing really move by magic? No, some technology was used. That is part of the solution. In order to really move massive amounts of stone like that, they would have had to have been levitated– somehow made weightless– and then just moved through the air by some kind of device, perhaps even a handheld kind of device, like some beam weapon.
Ancient man’s method of moving large blocks is only one mystery. Another surrounds the techniques of their stonemasons. How did prehistoric civilizations cut such intricately designed patterns in solid granite?
In Palm Springs California, master stonemason and sculptor Roger Hopkins uses a variety of advanced tools to cut and shape hard stones. Powered implements such as diamond-tipped wires and polishers enable him to fashion works of art out of huge granite blocks obtained from nearby quarries.
Yet even with these high-tech tools, Hopkins cannot replicate what ancient civilizations accomplished thousands of years ago. Could these advanced engineering methods be the smoking gun that proves humans had help from alien beings? The precision on some of the work that I’ve seen is just incredible.
It’s possible to do by hand, but it would take an incredible amount of time. Plus, you have to have years of experience to be able to pull it off. In my opinion, the most tangible pieces of evidence that we have regarding possible extraterrestrial technology is when we look at the ancient stone-cutting techniques. Because in some instances, we ourselves today could not replicate what our ancestors allegedly accomplished with stone masonry.
Puma Punku is a large temple complex located on a high plateau in Bolivia. Mainstream archaeologists date the site from approximately The people who lived here had neither a written language nor the wheel, yet somehow they built one of the world’s most complex structures. Ancient alien theorists view Puma Punku as clear proof of extraterrestrial influence. The ruins we find at Puma Punku are simply extraordinary.
Puma Punku defies logic.
The interest of Puma Punku is not so much that the individual stones sorted together perfectly, but the fact that the stones, as such, are of such tremendous design that it requires concepts of mathematics which are far beyond anything we are actually using right now.
Yet somehow in the past, somebody has made that for a specific purpose, and in a way which even computer programs today would kind of go, how is this possible? In the highlands of Bolivia, Puma Punku– some of these blocks are over What can you tell us about this? Boy, they had their stone-cutting abilities pretty well fine-tuned for 5,000 years old. I mean, it’s almost unbelievable.
But these cutting planes that they have on here are very impressive. And some of the incised cuts– see, like in here, all these interior cuts– very hard to do.
I mean, it would be difficult for us with our equipment to get that kind of precision. The inside boxes are a hell of a piece of work.
I mean, if we were to do something like that today, we’d use– what they have, these computer-driven CNC machines which have diamond tips.
And you have a template that, you know, the computer follows. Even then, it may not come out as perfect.
Because even though you can tell that obviously, this piece broke off. Nowhere in here can you see any imperfection. When you’re there, if you go with your finger over these edges, and you put a little pressure on your fingertip, you can cut yourself. This is how sharp the edges are. But where could the ancient peoples have developed such technology? Is it really possible that extraterrestrial visitors provided different construction methods and tools? When I saw these blocks, I didn’t really think that they were cut.
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The first thing really that I thought of was this appears very similar to Frank Lloyd Wright’s textile block system of construction, which he used in his California houses in the early 1920’s. Now what he did was– he took concrete, poured it into molds.
There actually are ancient Incan legends that suggest that they had the capability of softening the stone. At Sacsayhuaman, for example, we find these gigantic stone blocks, gigantic stone walls, where it looks as if those stones were molten, put into place, and then the stone hardened again.
Several hundred miles north of Puma Punku, Machu Picchu sits high atop the Peruvian Andes. Built by the Incas in the 15th century, this stone citadel was suddenly abandoned about 100 years later.
Like Puma Punku, Machu Picchu also has signs of advanced engineering and possibly, molded stones. I can’t help but think that whoever was behind this thought the process through from beginning to end.
They didn’t quarry the rock, and then decide, “How the heck are we gonna transport this?” They knew from beginning to end what needed to be done with whatever techniques and technology they were going to use, so that this was no big deal.
In industry today, there’s a kind of an adage: Keep it simple, stupid. Based on his experience, Mike Dunn believes the simplest way to build the great walls of Machu Picchu would have been to transport small rocks to the site, then melt them, and use molds to fashion exact size and shape needed.
That would solve a lot of difficulties of constructing this wall. First, you have your shapes, all the same size, each shape. So you’re guaranteed that they would fit together as opposed to being cut by different artisans.
Melting the rocks, and then pouring them into place would take and an incredible amount of heat just to spool off pieces of stone. I have a stone torch which I use for sometimes shaping granite. And, I mean, it generates a temperature of in excess of When we look back at the ancients, and we see a technology that they couldn’t possibly know, there’s only two possibilities then: either God did it– which we really don’t think happened– or some high-tech civilization from another planet came and showed them how to do it, then took their materials and tools and went back home.
The idea behind that is that none of these ancient monuments were constructed or manufactured by extraterrestrials.
It was us humans who built it with extraterrestrial technology. It’s entirely possible that there were visitations, that they pointed out ways to do things, and that they wanted to leave some kind of a record.
I mean, if you’re gonna leave a permanent record, the only way you can do that is in stone. But if advanced beings from another planet really did bring their technology to Earth, might the ancient astronauts have left one of their tools behind? The methods used to build huge megalithic structures such as Puma Punku and the pyramids of Egypt remain a mystery.
But what about the tools used to build them? Where are they? And might they provide a clue as to how these enormous stone structures were created? A lot of the real ancient mysterious work was done at a time when there was no steel, and the copper they had was, yeah, they could harden it by cold-hammering it, but still, it wouldn’t make a dent in rocks like basalt and granite.
So they would have had to use, you know, much more laborious techniques othey had some sort of advanced technology which escapes me, and I’ve been in the business 40 years.
The tools and machines must have been equal to the task of actually building the pyramids, crafting those statues to such a high order of precision crafting those boxes to a modern-day precision that you find in our inspection lab.
And the big question: Where are the tools? In the late 19th century, British archaeologist Sir Flinders Petrie scoured Egypt, looking not for the biggest items, but the smallest. Petrie was absolutely fascinated by the technical achievements of the Egyptians, particularly the early Egyptians. He constantly was looking for how they made things, how they developed things, how they continued to sort of basically perfect their tools.
We’re normally taught that the ancient Egyptians had simple tools, and what Petrie brought out is information that seems to actually argue against that notion. This is an example of a drill hole. You can see the very fine lines on it. You can see the technology that’s made to use it. You can see how it’s a perfect hole almost all the way through, but it tapers at one end. This is a fragment of a diorite bowl.
It’s one of the hardest substances, and you can see on this, on this fragment that there’s a, a lathe mark, which is really interesting that they managed to make such a mark in such a hard material.
Among all the tools discovered by Petrie, however, one stood out from all the rest. While working inside the Great Pyramid, Petrie stumbled across a tubular drill made of granite. Tubular drills amongst the ancient Egyptians were actually fairly common. I mean, Petrie found quite a few of them.
The interesting thing about the one that he found in Giza is that it’s such hard stone that was so carefully carved, precisely grooved. As you can see, it’s got very, very fine markings on it, basically lines, literally a couple of millimeters apart.
You can see it goes all the way round very, very accurately, hardly any waves at all. He was absolutely amazed by this. He kept returning to it throughout his life. His theory was that the Egyptians must have had access to diamonds or some kind of jewel that would have cut it. The interesting thing about Petrie’s theory about how these drill lines are made was that he never discovered any diamonds in ancient Egypt.
So where were they? Where did they go? We don’t know.
If the ancient Egyptians didn’t possess diamonds, how were the precision grooves cut onto the granite drill? Did Petrie accidentally discover a tool made by extraterrestrials? Machinist expert Chris Dunn attempted to answer this question by creating his own granite drill using the known tools and techniques of the ancient Egyptians.
In order to test the Egyptologist theory about how the ancient Egyptians drilled into granite, I took a tube and I fixed a crank on it, and actually used sand and silicon carbide, and after many hours of turning and drilling into this piece of granite, finally got deep enough that I could actually pop a core out.
And the reason for that was to actually look at the surface, not just of the whole, but of the core.
The next step was to use a high-tech industrial microscope to compare his drill core to a latex copy of the one at the Petrie Museum.
We have under the microscope the core that we drilled with the copper tube and sand.
And as you can see, the surface of the core, the striations are not very clear.
There’s nothing really distinctive in terms of the feed of the tool marks using sand and, and copper.
Now bring in the latex that they took of the core in the Petrie Museum, and we see something totally different.
The striations are very clear and they’re quite deep.
The devil is actually in the details, and the details of this particular artifact are what I consider to be a smoking gun in terms of what level of technology we give the ancient Egyptians credit for.
Intrigued by his discovery, Chris Dunn performed other experiments using his precision instruments.
As you can see, this is an inspection surface plate, probably ground to within 2/10,000 of an inch.
That is one-tenth the thickness of a human hair.
Now, I was really amazed when I went inside the Serapeum and put these gauges up against the surface, and found them to be within what I consider to be the tolerance of these particular gauges.
If you would put a piece of paper under one edge of that blade– just a piece of paper– you begin to see that there was would be light leaking through.
And so, the precision on the inside of the granite boxes in the Serapeum are, I would say, within 2/1,000 of an inch, which is incredible because those tolerances can’t just appear by accident.
It was very shocking. It was astounding to me to go to Egypt and, uh, go into a facility that was supposedly same kind of precision. Dunn was amazed.
Dunn had seen evidence of the carvings on granite done in Egypt, and they did they did it with little shards of, uh of quartz. He believes they would have just scratched away the stone with that.
That that’s one possibility, but I mean, that’s a heck of a lot of work to do that. I mean, we’re talking, somebody would devote years to doing something like that.
But precision-cut stone monuments are not the only enduring Middle Eastern mysteries. Engineering experts have also examined the Bible story of the Israelites’ exodus from Egypt.
Just how did they survive for 40 years in the desert? Could they have possessed intricate machines with extraordinary abilities, used not for building, but for man’s own survival? In the Hebrew Bible, the Book of Exodus describes how the Jewish people suffered as slaves living in Egypt.
Then sometime in the 14th century BC, the ruling pharaoh feared their growing numbers and ordered the killing of all first-born Jews living in Egypt.
In an effort to save her son, one mother put her child in a small basket and set him adrift on the Nile River. That child was found by the pharaoh’s family, who named him Moses and raised him as their own. As an adult, Moses discovered his true identity and demanded that the Pharaoh free the Jews. When the pharaoh rejected him, Moses helped the Jews escape from Egypt.
Historians believe that Moses and his people crossed the Red Sea and made their way into the Sinai Desert.
According to the ancient text, God grew angry at the Jews for idol-worshipping and forced them to wander the desert aimlessly for 40 years before allowing them to enter Israel.
During this time, the Bible says the Israelites survived by eating a single food source: Manna. But what is manna? A naturally abundant food provided by God or, as some believe? In the Bible, it explains how the Israelites got from Egypt, where they’d been slaves, to the Promised Land.
They had to cross the Sinai Desert. And inevitably, given that there was a lot of Israelites and very little growing, as it was a desert, they ran short on supplies.
God stepped in at this point and sent manna from heaven.
This took the form of some kind of seeds that rained down upon the desert. And then they were collected the next day. And they provided food for the Israelites, except Friday, when there was a double portion, because on Saturday, being the Sabbath, it didn’t fall. While the Hebrew Bible fails to give a clear description of manna, another ancient Jewish text provides an alternative clue.
The Zohar is a collection of spiritual commentaries and interpretations of the Torah and is central to the mystical Kabbalah belief written in the 13th century.
The Zohar describes what is called the Ancient of Days as providing the manna, but what was this Ancient of Days? A man, a god or something else? The text speaks of different-sized brains, different-sized faces that were connected with different tubes and different light sources. Theologians have suggested that this is a description of God.
However, when looked at from a modern perspective, what is described in the Zohar isn’t necessarily a god figure, but rather a type of machine.
Intrigued by this information, two electrical engineers, George Sassoon and Rodney Dale, used the anatomical descriptions of the Ancient of Days to design what they called a manna machine.
This really is-is the key diagram of the manna machine, as we built it up from the text. For instance, one here is the mouth, but it’s actually the air intake, which carries what is described as the breath of life.
The air goes up this tube here, which is described as the brain of the Ancient One but is actually a dew still. So that although we’re talking about the great sea and the hairs of the beard and so on, at the same time, we were able to work out their relative positions and build out the specification of the machine, and find that we had something that was biochemically viable.
The machine took in the moist morning air and condensed it in the part of the machine that looked like a Plexiglas dome.
From there, it mixed with an algae culture. The algae culture was treated with energy, such as a strong laser light, in order to speed the growth. Of course, it needed energy for cultivating the algae. And this was produced, we postulate, in a small nuclear reactor, which would produce both heat and light as required. The manna machine was a very dangerous device. We suspect that the reactor that powered the machine was transported in the Ark of the Covenant. We have multiple references in the Bible that whoever came close to the Ark of the Covenant and didn’t know how to operate it was smitten to death.
And sometimes people, after they encountered the Ark, started to lose their nails and started to lose their hair. So we have evidence of some type of radiation poisoning which was in direct correlation with the Ark of the Covenant.
And so, the Ark of the Covenant housed an extraterrestrial device which was given to the Israelites during their 40-year wandering through the desert. The manna machine is believed to have supplied a highly nutritious form of green algae, or chlorella, as its food source. It’s yet another theory supported by modern science.
We found that work in the field of space travel had already been done, where the green algae– chlorella– was bred in tanks and fed to people living in a closed environment and kept them alive.
Research studies done by NASA in the 1960’s and life could be sustained for extended periods of time by consuming chlorella algae and nothing else. If it’s possible for astronauts to survive on algae, could the Israelites have done the same? The manna machine was a sensitive device. In order to function properly, it had to be cleaned once a week.
On that day the machine was taken apart and cleaned. So it’s possible that the Sabbath we have today actually originated from cleaning this machine.
One theory that one could put forward of course is that the machine, although they knew how to maintain it and make it produce the manna, that it did after a time pack up, not work anymore. And that was why they came out of the desert.
But if the Israelites’ survival depended upon the manna machine, where did they get it? Some believe they had stolen it from the Egyptians prior to their exodus.
Others suspect extraterrestrials gave it to them as a humanitarian gesture, to prevent their starvation in the desert.
Either way, the answer, like the Ark of the Covenant, seems lost to history. Today, scientists have successfully pioneered a process that produces a substance high in protein by means of solar energy, water vapor, and chlorella algae.
Could this be a duplication of alien technology from thousands of years ago? They actually built a machine, a machine based on algae culture producing some type of super food.
And we can find a similar type of technology described in the Zohar. Is history repeating itself? One of the big questions is “where did the machine come from?” And I suppose there are two answers to that.
Either it was built on Earth, which is a theory I can’t really subscribe to. The other question, of course, is that it might have come from outer space somewhere. Now, that’s quite a big leap of imagination, but of course, the interesting part is that it actually produces food as is used by spacecraft. If the ancient world contained manna machines, giant mega-saws, and sophisticated aircraft, what was the energy source for all of this technology? The answer may be hiding in plain sight.
Of all the ancient structures located around the world, perhaps none is more mysterious or as enduring as the Great Pyramid at Giza. At a height of 471 feet, the Great Pyramid stood as the tallest structure in the world until the completion of the Eiffel Tower in 1889. But while other pyramids and temples contain walls filled with hieroglyphics describing their purpose, the Great Pyramid lacks even a single marking.
What was its function? Why was it built? And what secrets remain hidden inside? Nobody has been able to explain the interior design of this pyramid. It simply doesn’t make sense, according to our logic.
You have narrow tunnels that you have to crouch. You emerge in grand galleries that are nine meters high. You have chambers that made of granite, where granite doesn’t come from in the area. You have to ship the granite by barges 600 miles away.
It’s an anonymous site.
Not a single inscription.
Not a single hieroglyph.
Not a single anything.
It’s just there.
Some people speculated that it was a temple and an initiation chamber, where people would go to the king’s chamber and become enlightened.
There are anecdotal reports about people who have been inside the pyramid and have come out absolutely shaken and– because it was haunted.
Egyptologists believe that the pyramids were built to bury the dead pharaoh.
The problem with the accepted view is the fact that not a single dead pharaoh’s body has been found inside a pyramid, even when the pyramid was completely sealed.
Not a single grave robber could have entered it.
The Egyptologists say it’s to conceal the body.
Well, why advertise it? I mean, there’s nothing more visible than a pyramid for miles.
And to this day, you would have thought, in this modern age, with all the knowledge we have, we should be able to explain this pyramid. We cannot explain this pyramid. Engineering expert Christopher Dunn has been on a personal quest to unlock the secrets of the Great Pyramid since the late 1970’s. According to him, there are specific clues in the design and construction of this mega-monument that can help answer exactly why it was built.
When you look at the Great Pyramid and look at the culture that built it, they’re brilliant, brilliant engineers. In fact, a lot of engineers say we couldn’t build the Great Pyramid today. And it was built, supposedly, And it was built to the precision of a machine.
When I started to do the research and I examined the Great Pyramid with the eye of functionality, um, it was built like a machine.
Perhaps it functioned like a machine.
The interior design of the Great Pyramid features four inclined air shafts emanating from the king’s chamber and the lower queen’s chamber.
Like the Great Pyramid itself, their presence and purpose cannot be easily explained. The difficulty of building those shafts is incredible. It’s a bit like building a chimney at an incline across a house. I mean, as a construction engineer, it’s a nightmare.
In 2002, a team of engineers and Egyptologists sent a small robot into one of the airshafts connected to the queen’s chamber. After 65 meters, a stone door blocked its path.
A hole was then drilled through it. On the other side was a small room with yet another door leading further up the shaft. Since the discovery of the door, we’ve had every university, archaeologist, anthropologist, every engineer you can think of– nobody has been able to explain the purpose of the shafts.
But were these shafts ever open? And if they were, what might they have been used for? The early explorers that went into the queen’s chamber found that the walls were coated with a layer of salt.
That kind of gelled with a theory that I had developed.
You had a dilute hydrochloric acid solution coming down one shaft and hydrated zinc coming down the other shaft and when they combined in the queen’s chamber, they created hydrogen. Hydrogen.
It is one of the most powerful energy sources in the universe. In the mid-19th century, it was hydrogen gas that helped lift some of mankind’s first airships, called zeppelins, into the sky. Today, it is used as a fuel to launch rockets into space.
And if thousands of years ago, the Great Pyramid was actually producing hydrogen, that would make it one of the earliest power plants known to man.
The Giza power plant theory is essentially the drawing of energy from the Earth through the Great Pyramid, and converting that energy into microwave energy.
So the chemicals actually come in through the shafts into the queen’s chamber, and then they combine and mix and hydrogen boils off.
The hydrogen is then lighter than air and it will flow into all the upper chambers. The energy from the earth is then vibrating the whole pyramid. The vibrations are picked up in the Grand Gallery.
So it was proposed the Grand Gallery was a resonator hall and there are 27 pairs of slots that actually go up the length of the gallery and then the resonators were mounted in there vertically.
Christopher Dunn is theorizing that with resonating galleries, the pyramid shot a microwave out of one of the shafts, and once you started up this power plant, it would have gone on for years, decades, even hundreds of years without stopping and creating the microwave.
And that was a usable energy that could be captured. Now we can speculate where it goes from there. It could be collected in the immediate vicinity or it could keep traveling off into space. We don’t know.
That’s the mystery. But if the Great Pyramid was actually a power plant producing energy, was it doing it alone, or was it part of a larger network? And are there any clues that could tell us what all of that energy was being used for? Perhaps the 20th century’s most influential inventor was a Serbian-American named Nikola Tesla.
His patents on alternating electrical currents and distribution helped establish the commercial electricity industry. He also made contributions to robotics, radar, and computer science. But while Tesla can be credited for many scientific advances, one idea that fell short was his attempt to create a wireless electrical grid. Tesla’s project was to have these towers around the United States and around the world. And they would broadcast electricity like a television station. Instead of having to string power lines all over the place, you just transmit the energy through the air or through the ground.
There were a number of demonstrations of this device for wireless power transmission during Tesla’s lifetime.
So, we know the device worked. It appears that he was using the conductivity of the ground or the air to carry the electric current.
Basically in the air, if you put enough voltage on it, you’ll get an arc across it. I mean, you see that all the time in a fluorescent light bulb. In the ground, you have water, minerals, salts that can also carry the ions along, and therefore carry the electric current.
But while Tesla’s power towers proved popular in theory, the project ended in financial failure. But could Tesla’s idea of wireless electricity have been a rediscovery of an ancient technology? I believe that what Tesla was doing was trying to recreate what was an ancient power system that was used around the world, and the way they did this was the use of obelisks.
Obelisks as monolithic, granite towers, which are one solid piece of crystal, and the obelisks themselves were cut to special sizes and tuned like a tuning fork.
Could these ancient broadcast towers really have sent electricity up into the atmosphere? And if so, how was the electricity generated? Each of these obelisks would have required some kind of generating power station similar to what we have today.
Electricity is created by rotating magnetic fields. So rotating magnetic fields generate AC power. The very first power station was built by Nikola Tesla at Niagara Falls.
You’ve got to have some sort of power that’s spinning the rotating fields, and in this case would be water.
So every obelisk would have had to have had a power station similar to like the one at Niagara Falls. It’s generating power, but the obelisk itself is putting the power into the atmosphere, making it useable.
And this is similar to Christopher Dunn’s theory of the Giza power plant because he believes that the Great Pyramid was actually sending a microwave beam to a satellite that was in orbit around the planet.
That satellite then could have been taking microwave power and then it could transmit it again, in theory, to some other location on the earth, such as, say a remote island like Easter Island or something like that.
From some of the descriptions of ancient flying machines, it’s possible that some form of power beaming might have been used. And in fact, for a lot of the schemes that you see, it actually would make a lot of sense because you could put the power beaming station on a mother-ship in orbit.
You’re just beaming energy to the vehicle, where it’s absorbed and turned into propulsion thrust. It actually makes a lot of sense because you’re taking the energy system, the power system, off of the vehicle and locating it remotely.
Electricity power tools mega-machinery And the ability to explore the heavens Have these technologies been available for just the past few centuries? Or are they of ancient origin, only recently rediscovered? Were our ancestors capable of these incredible achievements? Or might they have come from another source, one much more out of this world? Civilizations were much more advanced than we give them credit, and literally, as advanced as we are today.
In my view, we need to take this seriously simply because of the scale of the work.
We’re looking at monuments that took, perhaps, a century to build. Even today, we have difficulty in considering such a project. It just boggles the mind.
And really, to look at those artifacts and to go back in time and say, how did they do it? We are kind of cracking the lid open a little bit and looking inside to try and see just what happened in our history.
It’s a question which is a scientific question. And you constantly have to ask it. And the possible answer of have aliens visited in the past could be a potential yes. It’s a very specific reason why all of this stuff was built in stone: For posterity.
So it would last. So that a future generation would have to stumble across these monuments. We are that society who can look at these ancient monuments and finally recognize that all of this stuff was built as a message for us to see that our past is way different than what we’re being taught in school.
In special reports, this week’s files cover: General Twining Visited Crashed Saucers, Alien Abduction, and UFOs Over South Carolina
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Nevada, New York, Texas, and Washington.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Australia, Canada, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, Puerto Rico, and England in the United Kingdom.
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force investigated UFOs publicly for more than twenty years under Project Blue Book; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFO’s are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
Forward these files to your friends and neighbors.
Major George Filer Editor of The National UFO Center, would like to invite join him in Mt Shasta this summer July 27-29th 2018. He will present a wonderful program at the “From Venus with Love” conference.
General Twining’s flight logs of 1947 have been released in the past few years. At the time he was commander of the Air Material Command that developed aircraft for the Air Foce. Also, Twining’s pilot flight logs have been reviewed, so his whereabouts between July 7th and July 9th 1947 have been confirmed and authenticate part of this document. This trip to New Mexico was Twining’s one and only trip during Summer of 1947.
IPU Summary Page 4 states the following:- 7th July 1947 – Twinning went to Alamagordo AAF for a secret meeting with AAF Chief Of Staff Spaatz and to view recovered remains of craft from crash landing site 20 miles northwest of Socorro. 8th July 1947 – Twinning went to Kirtland AAF to inspect parts recovered from powerplant. 9th July 1947 – Twining and staff went to White Sands Proving Ground to inspect pieces of craft being stored there. 10th July 1947 – Twining made inspection of R andD facilities at Alamagordo and then returned to Wright Field.
Skywatch International reports that General’s Marshall’s executive secretary was Humelsine who dictated a letter to President Truman a memo about Twining meeting President Truman on 25th September 1947.
President Truman
Stanton Friedman met with Twining’s pilot from instruction with Twining’s wife, to find out information about Humelsine report. There was no record of meeting with Truman on Twining’s pilot flight log, but his pilot said Twining sometimes made secret flights himself, with Truman actually flying the plane.
Twining’s personal flight log does actually state that he flew to a meeting with Truman on that date and also flew to Wright Field on same day. Why did Hummelsine send a memo to Truman dictated from Marshall? Hummelsine was executive secretary to Marshall. Hummelsine’s office was in Washington, and on this date Marshall was miles away at the UN (building in progress) building in New York, so Marshall would have had to dictate his memo over the telephone to Hummelsine. Until this document came out, hardly anyone in ufology had even heard of Hummelsine. He was Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force from 1953 until 1957, and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Stafffrom 1957 to 1960. He was the first member of the Air Force to serve as Chairman. 1st Annual Report Of Majestic Twelve 1952 – Page 11
Alien Abduction
Dr. Bruce Cornet writes, From my POV, material evidence such as chemical structures, alloys, metals, layering of alloys…these are things which we can measure against a lot of knowns. As for example in the book, “UFO Crash at San Augustin” by Art Campbell has measuable isostopic metal analysis that proves alien intervention. Art has painstakingly documented with over 100 photographs and lab analysis the materials found at the site. In my opinion the, metals, amd layering of alloys were not made by humans.
Human to humanoid contact is a difficult science often requiring more psychological analysis with Doctors and hypnotists to discern what people perceived they saw. And there is always the possibility of false memories. I’m familiar with many of the abduction stories. It’s not clear the intent of the witnesses or the humanoids in these stories. There is even the thought that 2D and 3D projections by a technological civilization may be being used to mask what is really going on. In many ways, every POV is a reality distortion field.
You are correct that data are needed to separate fact from fiction in witness sightings of unknowns and memories of what happened during abductions. I was well aware of the shortcomings of human POV as you call it. I spent more than a decade trying to understand the UAP activity near Pine Bush, NY, and created hundreds of web pages detailing the facts and data collected.
Dr. Bruce Cornet’s website called The Experiment, will not only demonstrate the characteristic of anomalies, but how our visitors can project different images to people standing two feet apart.
I had no conscious memory of an abduction save for what my drill crew told me happened to me on 1-2 October 1981. It wasn’t until I was hypnotically regressed 13 years 8 months later on 29 May 1995 by Fred Max that I recovered details and confirmation that I had indeed been abducted in front of my 12 crew members and operated on by three wrinkle-brow aliens, two males and one female. There were others in the operating room. Their objective was to secure a large sperm sample, but because my left testacle was damaged in a childhood baseball accident, they ended up damaging my right testacle.
Soon thereafter, a large cyst developed on my right testacle, which has been medically documented with sonic scans, but what doctor would suspect it was caused by inserting an extraction device into that testacle by an ET? Still that is data worthy of complementing multiple witness testimony and an extensive hypnotic regression:
But this abduction has never attracted the attention that the Travis Walton abduction received. I can understand, because there were many people involved in Walton’s investigation, including the police. There were only my drill crew and me as witnesses, who have never been tracked down for their testimonies once my regression in 1995 proved to me a Doubting Thomas that I was indeed abducted.
She documents five types of alien named by MJ-12: Ebens, Arkaloids, Podloids, Peploeloids and Trontoloids
My interest was which one of these types of aliens abducted me from the Bailey No. 1 wellsite on 1-2 October 1981 near Richmond, VA. The only times I have met this type of alien was in Virginia on three different occasions between 1981 and 1994. On my Wellsite Abduction website, I provide drawings of the type that abducted both me, and my wife Pat, even interacting with her at Brown University. Also, the late Dr. Karla Turner wrote about Poly, who drew similar wrinkle-brown aliens with a chalky-yellow skin that can appear white or tan.
They are similar to what MJ-12 calls the Arkaloids with ridged or wrinkled cranial skin.
Cornet reports I have been abducted at least two times for a sperm sample. Then in 1994 I met two of my hybrid children in a live televisual projection from space over my bed on the morning of 23 October 1994. 12 days earlier I had been paced along the Garden State Parkway by two alien craft, and I communicated telepathically with the pilots.
I only later found out that they were my two children (at age 27) who I met over my bed, as they floated in space in decompression suites with stars as a background.
I describe this extraordinary encounter in my new book, “The Woman Who Bore the Male Child,” Revelation Chapter 12. Their mother became my second wife, Bonnie Lee Cornet, on her 36th birthday. They were born to her on 1 August 1967, when she was only 17 years old and still a virgin. Less than a month before she told me she began having the symptoms of pregnancy, I was abducted for a sperm sample on a trip to Buffalo, NY, to see a college friend. I saw a disc-shaped craft diving across the New York Thruway (I-90) in front of me and disappear behind a row of trees. I pulled over and ventured into the woods to see if it landed, southeast of Henrietta, NY.
The next thing I remember was getting back into my car and continuing my journey. I had this screen memory that I had helped an alien fix his vehicle, but I could not explain why my testicles ached severely. When I got to Buffalo, I was an hour late. I had an hour of missing time. Bonnie Lee Harrington became pregnant about a week to ten days later in Collingswood, NJ. She was a 17 year old Jewish virgin. She gave premature birth after four months gestation to a pair of identical twins, Anora and Khyle, who I met in a live televisual communication from space on 23 October 1994, 27 years later. A paternal-daughter DNA test could prove this extraterrestrial intervention.
True story and it would seem that only those who seek the truth sometimes get answers, and those answers are not always what they expected. Cheers, Bruce
Author Sherman Carmichael has been researching UFOs and strange things since 1972. His extensive research includes many hours of reading, live interviews, and trips to Roswell, New Mexico, and the Mayan Ruins in Mexico and Central America. Accounts of hovering objects and strange lights in the sky are reported daily all across America. South Carolina is no exception. Here find over 65 stories from pilots, law enforcement, military, and citizens detailing incidents they have experienced. In 48 different cities, towns, and rural communities, from Johnsonville to Myrtle Beach and Charleston, communities in South Carolina are experiencing UFO activity. Aliens have made their presences known at nuclear facilities, air force bases and navel stations, dams and power plants, and are even harassing the everyday folk of the Palmetto State. Following cars in Jasper County and Greenville, opening portals in Reesesville, and buzzing backyards throughout the region, sightings are becoming more frequent as time goes by. South Carolina is a hot bed for UFO activity from strange lights to crafts that make impossible maneuvers to alien abductions. Take a closer look at South Carolina’s skies.
UFOs Over South Carolina is an interesting, entertaining, informative little book that one can breeze through basically in one sitting. Nice volume for reading while sitting in front of a fireplace on a rainy day, or lounging on the porch in the summertime. It will NOT send shivers up your spine and not have you shaking in your shoes, because there is nothing here that is particularly terrifying. Thought provoking, I’d suggest, and good intellectual “chew food” for mulling over the long running (and seemingly never-ending) mystery of weird things seen in the skies AND on the ground!…There have been numerous sightings of UFOs over nuclear facilities since 1949. Oak Ridge, Savannah River, Hartford, Los Alamos, McGuire, Cherokee, and Indian Point have all been buzzed at low altitude suggesting a program to monitor the key nuclear sites. Just 104 pages overall and many of those are illustrations. But it IS well researched and well written and would definitely come in handy as a info source for UFO buffs in general, and for those living in South Carolina (as does this reviewer) in particular.
William R. Hancock writes, I personally, have NO difficulty in “believing” what Carmichael writes about here. I served in Army Intelligence for four years back “in the day” (1968-1971) and bumped up on this kind of thing from time to time. Worked operationally for both the National Security Agency (NSA) and the Defense Intelligence Agency. It was during my DIA-attached period (1971) that I worked for a research project in Northern Virginia (Warrenton. Vint Hill Farms Army Security Agency Signal Intelligence Station) called “Project Lefirm Armour” (don’t get antsy….my 30-year confidentiality obligation has expired now, and, besides, the project was discontinued years ago).
Secret Sentry Facility
Lefirm Armour was an attempt to develop Over-The-Horizon (OTH) detection of Soviet and Chinese guided missile launches (or cosmonaut space launches in the case of the Russians); this because the government wanted a system that would alert the continental U.S. to “incomings” (in the event of attack) BEFORE the enemy missiles came over the earth’s horizon. The curvature of the earth blocked radar detection until “incomings” cleared the horizon. I won’t go into all the theory of how this was to work, because it is pointless for this discussion. Anyway, we COULD detect stuff (and DID), and dutifully reported what we found and analyzed. We found, ultimately, that satellites did a MUCH more effective job of this , and so, eventually, Lefirm Armour had its “plug pulled”. While it WAS operating, though, we DID pick up “bogeys” now and then—things that had odd behaviors in the atmosphere and that obviously were NOT Soviet or Chinese hardware.
All such “bogeys”…UFOs…were reported straightaway to NORAD (North American Aerospace Defense Command) at Cheyenne Mountain, Colorado, where they maintained a special “desk” for such things known as NIIC (National Intelligence Indications Center…pronounced “Nick”). Things also went to the Air Force OSI (Office of Special Investigations), Air Intelligence, and to what was termed DEFSMAC (or just “Smack”), the Defense Space Missile Activity Center at National Security Agency headquarters at Fort Meade, MD. ALL these agencies were intensely interested in “bogeys” like this…even though the official position (post Univ. of Colorado “Condon Report”) of the USAF (and the government as a whole) was that there was “nothing TO” UFOs and they were “no longer investigating them”.
Oh, sure. WE believed that…..NOT. We all knew that the disbanded Project Blue Book had been mostly an “Air Farce” public relations “front” and that other units STILL beat the bushes for the flying “what-evers”. I knew long before this that there were strange flying things in the sky , though, because nine years previous to Lefirm Armour I had seen one of the boogers myself, as a fifteen-year-old boy. In South Carolina, LOL! In semi-rural country, just outside the small Greenville County mill town of Piedmont. My parents owned 21 acres of land (a rectangular plot running lengthwise between the highway and the Saluda River) between the Piedmont town limits and the community of Grove Station, along SC Highway 20, south of Greenville itself. It was the late summer of 1963 and I was a rising sophomore in high school.
The assassination of John F. Kennedy was only months away. My cousin from Fayetteville, NC, was staying with me at the time and we were out in back of our house one evening after sundown. My father maintained a vegetable garden back of the house and he had tilled it up for the year just a day or two before. The earth was gray and fresh and moist and felt great between the bare toes of two boys that night. We were out there because there was a colony of bats that lived down in the woods of the “back 20” and they would come out at night and fly around over the garden area looking for varmints as prey. Mice and moles and such. This night the sky was deep purple (not totally black yet) and bright-spangled with stars. Visibility was excellent. The bats swarmed overhead and David and I were having fun throwing sticks and dirt clods up to see them use their “sonar” to avoid our “missiles”. They were GREAT at such avoidance. As we continued this tomfoolery we chanced to see a bright light come up over the treeline of the west-northwest horizon, moving right along.
It was about as bright as Venus, and, in the night sky, was close to the same size but a slight bit bigger. It was NOT Venus, because we already KNEW where Venus was overhead and this was something else altogether. It COULD be taken to be an earth satellite (Ours or “theirs”), but it seemed lower in the sky than that to us. Seemed to move a bit faster. Heading from west-northwest towards east-southeast. Thought struck us that maybe it was an aircraft but we reasoned we’d see more lights than that, with some of them blinking. We heard no engine noise, but, we realized that it MIGHT be going faster (if it WAS a plane) than sound and might be leaving its engine noise BEHIND it. We figured we’d wait and see if we heard such. After a moment or two we began to INDEED hear engine noise, and thought “There it is! It IS a plane!”, but almost as soon as that thought occurred we realized there was something screwy there. The noise should be TRAILING the light (if it was a plane), and therefore playing catch-up from our RIGHT. THIS noise seemed to be coming from BEHIND us…so we turned to look. HO-boy! Back to the east-northeast of us had long been Donaldson Air Force Base, a World War II era installation that had housed until recently the 63rd Troop Carrier Wing of C-124 Globemaster airplanes. Donaldson had recently been closed down (it is now an industrial park), and much of its mission re-located to Shaw AFB (Sumter, SC), but a few things were still there. ONE thing that WAS there was a South Carolina Air National Guard unit.
F-102 Delta Dagger fighter-interceptors…..and guess what we suddenly saw headed our way, running lights ablaze and climbing higher and higher as it came……apparently HEADED straight for our LIGHT IN THE SKY! That very thing! An F-102 Delta Dagger!
It looked JUST like it was being vectored on an intercept course right TO that light. We went bug-eyed and turned to check out what was about to “go down”. With the F-102 zeroing in, the light suddenly BLINKED OUT! Vanished! Just like somebody had flicked a switch. One second there was a bright light hauling butt across the sky and the next second there was…NOTHING. The F-102 hit his intercept point and there was nothing FOR him there TO intercept! Zilch. Nada. He’d essentially been told “Hasta La Vista, baby”. The ANG fighter pilot made a couple of big circles in the sky where there SHOULD have been something to intercept…and HAD been something to intercept….and then took off back in the direction he’d come from, back towards Donaldson. My cousin and I went booking it into our house to tell my eye-rolling, slyly smiling parents about what we’d just seen and basically heard the old saw about “Kids. Such imaginations”. We watched the news that night and heard NOTHING, and then searched the newspapers the next day with equal frustration. Nothing. Seemingly nobody else had seen this but us( except for the Air Guard and THEY weren’t saying a WORD). I’ve carried this vivid memory around for years, told numerous people about it, and even asked MUFON if they had any old report data on such an event. Negative. But it happened.
And, interestingly, Carmichael’s book has some sighting stories that evoke the same kind of experience as we had in ’63. There is an instance of jets in seeming pursuit of an object over St. Stephen, SC, a few years back in this book, as well as some discussion of lights that blink out into nothingness. All such references bring back the memory. Carmichael speculates about wormhole possibilities and I have considered that, as well as dimensional “portals” and changes in molecular vibrational rates wherein such a “craft”(?) might change its atomic vibration so that we can’t “see” it anymore. In any event, good reference book about very real situations….no matter WHAT any smirking debunker type might try to tell you to the contrary. Recommended.
P.S. In an update in the early 1960s of his 1950s book “The Report On Unidentified Flying Objects“, former AF Captain Edward Ruppelt, the original head of Project Blue Book, did a bit of an about-face on his original (mostly positive) assessment of the phenomena, and complained that the “saucers” seemed unlikely as you almost NEVER detected them “out there” (in space) or “Coming IN” from OUT THERE. They seemed to just “appear” in our skies. Well, he has a point there. That was what WE experienced at Lefirm Armour with our “bogeys”. They sort of appeared, and sort of vanished…like my 1963 light ball. For that reason I don’t pay much attention to notions of linear incoming travel from across deep space. Think that is too much thinking “IN the box”. I think these things pop in and pop out; most likely through dimensional portals. Lets hear it for John Keel and Jacques Vallee! Pjotos are depictions.
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Filer’s Files #21 – 2018 Alien Abduction - PART II
Filer’s Files #21 – 2018 Alien Abduction - PART II
Sightings of UFOs in the United States
Arizona Light
Pheonix– I noticed a light too close to be star and hovering in the same spot as planes flew behind it and helicopter closer to me.
I broke my glasses and pulled out my phone to get a better view and was more confused.
Photo was taken May 25, 2018
Thanks to MUFON CMS
California Object
Mendota — At 10:15 pm as my kids and I were driving through a dark, lonely road through fields on May 20, 2018. We saw an object in the sky with white and red lights moving through the sky SUPER FAST! It caught our eyes, because we’ve never seen anything like this. We watched as the flying object moved super fast from one end to another and closer. Then it suddenly slowed down, hovered and lowered. We saw a clear disk shape going in circles with white and red flashing lights! There was no question as to what we were clearly looking at. Then all of a sudden it was gone. Right after we lost sight of it, two bunnies appear on the road in plain darkness in front of our car. Then, another. We were so scared, we couldn’t understand what the heck was going on.
It was the scariest thing ever! My body froze so bad that I was having difficulty moving and driving. I was super stiff until i got home! The scariest part was that we were stuck on that road with no one and nothing around and we had to drive toward our last sighting of this thing, because it was the only way out of there to reach the highway. Found this picture of a UFO sighting from 2010 which most closely resembles what we saw (except for the blue light). We did not take any pictures ourselves as we were in shock. I still am having trouble sleeping! Thanks to MUFON CMS
Florida Lights
Orange Park — I went to walk my friend to her car on Friday night on May 8, 2018. with my husband. We saw something that was flashing red and green. It hung out for about 20 minutes. So now I have been going out every night at 10pm. So tonight red and green guys came again. They stayed for about an hour and left. I took a picture, but you can’t see much. But there were other people who have seen it too. On Saturday there were some weird looking cloud formations. I am sending the pictures that I have. But they aren’t much. Call me if you have any questions.
Responses From Witness: I thought that it could be a planet too, but it moves. But tonight was my brother’s graduation and the big one was outside the restaurant. My family saw it. If you look through the pictures I sent you, it moves position. And tonight there were helicopters everywhere.
Note: It is difficult to identify the lights or objects that the witness is viewing. The witness has been seeing the light(s) on successive nights at around the same time. This suggests that the light(s) possibly could be a bright planet or star. Several photos have been taken, but they reveal little detail. Thanks to William Puckett, Director Http://www.UFOsnw.com
Georgia Orbs
I’m an avid sky watcher and have seen and reported other incidents. i was at work at walmart on break around 5:40 am when i noticed a ball of light traveling in the sky on May 25, 2018.
it was silent, bright with no aviation light. i pulled out my phone and recorded it for several seconds. Unfortunately I had to go back inside otherwise i would have watched and recorded much more. lately i’ve been seeing a lot of interesting things in the sky.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
Illinois Object
Elk Grove— All what you can see in photo, it was 2 of those with distance between each other 1-2 miles..
It was Saturday morning May 18, 2018.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
Nevada Object
Las Vegas — My Husband and I were heading to the lake. He was driving and I was in the passenger seat on May 25, 2018. He asked me to take some pictures because it was a beautiful area and the sun was coming up and the sky was clear. The first couple of pictures I took I never once saw anything. It didn’t matter if I was pointing the camera out the passenger window or the windshield in front of me. My husband and I both saw the black thing in all the pics. We were on Lake Mead Road going into Catalina Bay to hang out on the houseboat. Just a normal day we thought it would by. Thanks to MUFON CMS
New York Top
Melville — When I left my job, i first noticed an opaque object that seemed to float and that went up and down on the same vertical on May 4, 2018. i took my phone to zoom in and started recording when the object started moving horizontally. the object crossed an angle of about 150 degrees from the vertical from where the displacement began until the vertical where i stopped seeing it. Two miles away in the same direction as the object is the República Airport. At first i thought about the possibility that it was a hot air balloon but the sky was still quite dark for these artifacts to fly and the proximity of the airport cancels the possibility of the flight of objects that does not have control of direction like a hot air balloon. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Texas Object
Keller— I was swimming at the pool when I noticed a bright, pulsating, glowing orb flying towards our direction, coming from the North on May 24, 2018. It was higher than a plane, flying in a straight path and with the naked eye we could see pulsing lights of reddish orange and bluish white. I see a UFO in the same vicinity during the day time. We grabbed my cell phone, a Samsung 8 and began recording. I filmed until iI lost sight of it when it got near the sun. We watched the film and discovered that it was morphing into different shapes and had something black on it. It morphed into squares, triangles, bean shaped, diamonds, hexagon, circles, etc. About 10 minutes later a plane flew by and it was very clear that what we saw was not a plane or a drone. This is the second time in about 2 months. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Washington Disc
Marysville— I was on my way to school on Highway 2 when 2 lights brighter than average were off in the distance on May 7, 2018,.
i was riding shotgun, so i busted my camera out and caught video and analyzed that.’They initially just hovered and randomly flashed off. I see these every night almost and have a boatload of evidenc. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Worldwide UFO Sightings
Australia Space Object
I have taken screenshots on my ISS app on my phone on 2 different occasions. the first was on the 28/12/17 and the 2nd occasion was on the 4/3/18. On the 28/12 i have taken 1 photo and my memory of that is a little vague. on the 4/3 I have taken 5 screenshots, all 5 seconds after one another.
I want to add I am using the same cell phone right now to submit this report so to submit the original photos I took with all the added info and details attached to the pictures, such as the date and time etc. basically i saw the round object, and i have researched about the ISS befoore and know that stars and most planets are not visible through the cameras on the ISS, only the sun and moon and a not many planets. and definitely not other satellites because of the speed the ISS is travelling aswell as the other satellites. i immediately begun taking screenshots and as you can see the time between the photos, i hope that will help if someone can calculate the speed of the ISS and whatever else may be to pinpoint a distance of the object and size, maybe. I have thought afterwards maybe this is just a planet or a secret human powered craft, and other ideas. but after finding this site I simply wanted to submit my info and get the experts to look at it. before the 28/12/17 i have never seen a ufo before and these are the only 2 times i have seen anything on the ISS app. i have been incredibly astonished and blown away this year to, to see a UFO with my own eyes very close to my town and i have a detailed description to tell in another report so i will just keep that brief for now. Basically i first saw the object up high then it hovered for a little while then slowly dropped downwards until it was out of sight behind earth. thankyou anyone who puts time into this and can back to me if these sightings i am sharing are authentic or not. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Canada Light
Ingersoll— – Was outside with my son around 10 pm when we spotted a very large bright object. Much larger than any star or satellite etc on May 25, 2018. It hovered for about 15 minutes before travelling away from us. When we took a picture and zoomed in the object appeared to have a door in its side. Not saying this is a UFO but we have no other ideas. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Costa Rica Lights
Rio Oro, San Jose— I was with my girlfriend at my residence in Costa Rica called San Nicolas de Bari Residences in Rio Oro. My apartment is on the second floor. with a small balcony. While we were resting in bed, my fiance said “Look, an OVNI!” I immediately jumped out of bed and followed her to the balcony. There, to the WNW we both observed the object. Having flown helicopters and being extremely familiar with various aircraft and altitudes. It was not a any man-made aircraft. This was a rapid thought process, maybe 5 seconds. I knew precisely what I was witnessing.
The craft was shaped like a Tylenol capsule (horizontally situated). The colors encompassed the entire craft and changed from red to green with some white light in the transitions. The light transitioned like plasma. The object was not more than 1 to 2 Kilometers from our position at 200-250 Meters AGL. I first observed it hovering in one fixed place; it then moved rapidly to the left (west) and stopped in a hover; it then descended rapidly for 50 meters and stopped in a hover; moved right again to a hover; moved left to the previous position; and lastly ascended in a flash (mach 10+) out of the atmosphere. I do have a video from that evening of me fumbling around trying to figure the phone out. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Germany Lights
Berlin — I was walking with my dog in Berlin-Moabit, at 2:57am and i saw the object on May 13, 2018 . it was moving from the west to east, from the airport Berlin-Tegel(Txl). at that time it’s not allowed for regular planes to start and land from there and because of the fact that i live right next to it can i tell that it was not a plane in landing or starting mode. it just flew over Berlin.
One light, no signals no nothing. just that white light ball. it was too close to be a satellite or something else. i’m sure that it was in our atmosphere, Thanks to MUFON CMS
Portugal Disc
Vila Little De Aguiar–At work, after prenoitar in this town on May 25, 2018, this morning, we get ready to start the service and change the advertising panels by the road. On a break, I took three pictures in the position from right to left, tkat aroused my attention
Thanks to MUFON CMS
Puerto Rico Strange Tube
On our way back from Aguadilla, Puerto Rico To Rincon my grandson noticed the object first. I slowed down to see it. I told my grandson to snap a few pictures on my cell phone to look at them later. He took this photo on May 15, 2018
It looked as a tube from one cloud to another. We don’t know what it was. I’m sending them to you. Maybe you can figure it out as to what it was. Thanks to MUFON CMS
UK/England Orb
Horwich— I take photos of the sky often then magnify the photos to see if I’ve captured anything what you see in the attached photo is what I captured.
Photo was taken on May 22, 2018.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
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This Week's Top Space Stories!
This Week's Top Space Stories!
By SPACE.com Staff
Photo Credit: A. Verdier
The Week's Top Space Stories
Satellites tracked Hawaii's volcanic outburst from space, the U.S. Postal Service released new Sally Ride commemorative stamps and China joined the private space race. These are just some of the top stories this week from Space.com.
Photo Credit: NASA
1. Satellites track Hawaii's volcanic outburst
Seven instruments in space are gathering important data about Kilauea, a volcano on Hawaii's Big Island that began spewing lava on May 3. These scientific instruments are stationed aboard five NASA and partner satellites, and are gathering details about the composition and size of volcanic plumes as well as information about ground deformation.
Sally Ride, the first American woman in space, is featured on commemorative stamps recently issued by the United States Postal Service. Sales of the new postage stamps began on Wednesday (May 23), preceding the 35th anniversary of Ride's history-making first flight into space with NASA's STS-7 Challenger mission on June 18, 1983.
A 30-foot tall (9 meters) rocket built by the Chinese company OneSpace launched on May 17, according to media reports. Chinese officials have recently expressed a desire to expand spaceflight activities to the private sector, and in 2015, OneSpace CEO Shu Chang founded the company. The company's rapid progress has led some commenters to link OneSpace with SpaceX.
A Canon DSLR camera melted in a brush fire sparked by the launch of a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket on Tuesday (May 23) from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California. The roasted camera belonged to veteran NASA photographer Bill Ingalls, who has been snapping NASA photos since 1989. The camera still managed to snap photos of the launch.
One billion or so comets like came together to form Pluto, according to a new theory. Researchers based their conclusions on observations taken by the European Space Agency's Rosetta mission, which ended in September 2016, and NASA's New Horizons mission, which flew by Pluto in July 2015. Researchers also said that a subsurface ocean on Pluto could have modified its initial cometary makeup.
An Orbital ATK Antares rocket launched Monday morning (May 21) from NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. The rocket carried Cygnus, a disposable cargo vehicle packed with over 7,000 lbs. of experiments and supplies, which arrived at the International Space Station on Thursday (May 24).
For the first time, scientists have spotted large-scale waves moving slowly across the sun's surface. Researchers estimate that these gigantic waves, called Rossby waves or planetary waves, are responsible for about half of the sun's kinetic energy and may help scientists gain a better understanding about the sun's internal dynamics.
Earth may take a long time to recover from human-caused greenhouse gas emissions, according to a new study that analyzed the dinosaur extinction period. Researchers analyzed the fossil record from before and after the dinosaurs were wiped out. They found that the carbon dioxide gas released into the atmosphere after the fatal asteroid impact 66 million years ago warmed Earth's climate for 100,000 years.
Saturn has many moons, and those closest to its clouded surface have strange shapes. A new study based on observations taken by NASA's Cassini spacecraft revealed that the odd forms, like Pan's ravioli shape, were probably formed by a series of collisions. By further modeling these collisions, scientists can better understand how most moons throughout the solar system originated.
The precious stone garnet may be the reason why Earth isn't red like Mars, according to a new study published May 16. Earth's surface would rust if there was slightly more iron lying on it, and scientists wondered what was pulling iron out from the planet's crust and preventing the reddening. Scientists studied rocks at a site in southern Arizona, and found that the region where an ancient volcano spewed rocks onto Earth's surface correlated with an abundance of garnet stones.
Ghost or UFO? Video triggers controversy, MUFON probe is on
Ghost or UFO? Video triggers controversy, MUFON probe is on
A video showing an alleged spirit on the ground that suddenly shoots up to the sky in the most mysterious manner is generating a heated debate on spirits to aliens.
Spirits or aliens or UFOs remain a mystery unless a scientific reasoning is put out. (Picture For Representation)Creative Commons
An eerie video has been submitted to MUFON (Mutual UFO Network) recently, and it shows a ghost-like flying entity. In the initial moments of the video, the alleged evil spirit was seen resting on the ground and later it shoots up to the sky in the most mysterious manner.
The video was later shared by conspiracy theory YouTube channel 'UFOmania' where it has already received more than 6,900 views. As the video went viral, spiritualists started claiming that this could be a solid proof of the existence of soul. The soul is yet to get salvation, they reason out.
"Evil spirits on the move. It's time to armor up in Jesus name! Plead the blood of Jesus over your homes and stay prayed up.," commented VoltixD, a YouTube user.
On the other hand, alien buffs and UFO enthusiasts have a different story to tell. According to these conspiracy theorists, the object featured in the video might be a cloaking UFO which came from the deeper space. These theorists argue that aliens have very advanced technology to stay invisible and that they can even shape-shift, if necessary.
However, skeptics are not convinced with either the alien or ghost theory. They brushed it aside as an anomaly in the video probably caused by a bug in the camera lens. They also suggest that the object spotted might be actually an insect sitting in the camera lens.
"Another one of these videos again! This must be their first time owning a camera with night vision. That is clearly an insect on the lens. You can even see its legs moving as it crawls up the frame. I have a camera on my house and I see all kinds of weird stuff on it at night but 95% of the time it's either insects, rain or dust," commented Caramel Reese, a YouTube user.
A peek at what will go down in Indian Wells this June, when it becomes the epicenter of the search for aliens
A peek at what will go down in Indian Wells this June, when it becomes the epicenter of the search for aliens
Bruce Fessier The Desert Sun
Seekers have been wandering the desert in search of answers at least since Moses. Some might say also Zarathrustra.
But the search for answers about UFOs, ancient aliens and mysterious megalithic monuments has become so popular in this desert that producers Paul Andrews and Victoria Gevoian are moving their annual Contact in the Desert conference from Joshua Tree, a reputed vortex of metaphysical energy, to the Renaissance Indian Wells Resort & Spa, where the Republican Koch brothers lead conservative think tanks.
Georgio A. Tsoukalos, star of “Ancient Aliens,” will speak at “Contact in the Desert.”
Courtesy photo
The June 1-4 conference was moved, Andrews said, partly because its international audience was seeking more comfort than it was getting in the high desert. But most guests come to hear the world-class speakers, participate in panel discussions and conduct workshops on subjects such as UFO and alien abduction documentation.
If you watch TV programs like “Ancient Aliens” or read books like “Chariots of the Gods,” you know the marquee names like Giorgio A. Tsoukalos and Erich Von Daniken. But the 50 speakers at this year’s Contact in the Desert also include professors, investigators and even former Congressman Merrill Cook, R-Utah, who has demanded greater disclosure of government files on extraterrestrial sightings.
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This conference isn’t purely academic. It will include a field trip to the mysterious Giant Rock near Landers. Programs such as NightVision SkyWatch will have participants don night vision goggles and search the skies for UFOs under the guidance of former FBI agent Ben Hansen, host of SyFi’s “Fact or Faked: The Paranormal Files.”
Contact in the Desert is even building a 360-dome on a Renaissance lawn so guests can digest programs, such as the origin of matter, in 3-D augmented reality. Andrews, who had a mysterious experience as a kid, is serious about promoting dialogue on issues long relegated to esoterica. But he and Gevoian are event producers, so they'll break up the intellectual discourse with programming such as a Saturday night magic show, which prompted the first skeptical question in a wide-ranging Desert Sun interview.
DESERT SUN: Why do you have a magic show, which is illusion or trickery, when you’re trying to prove that many of these unexplained phenomenon are real?
GEVOIN: It’s like, this is such a serious subject for so many people, it’s a little levity. It just lightens things up and makes people smile.
You have workshops on how to locate UFOs and I notice you had a sighting in 2016. Did it come out of a workshop?
GEVOIN: Actually, every year we have what is called the NightVision Experience, and we’ve had sightings almost every single year (at it). But it just so happened that we had a film crew (in 2016). They were going out to give us B role of people looking up at the stars with the night vision goggles. They happened to be there when the sightings took place, so, we have the footage on our website.
MORE:Off the grid and on the edge: Community and isolation in California's high desert
MORE:Sound bath a 'transformative' experience
Victoria Gevoian is a producer of this year's Contact in the Desert conference taking place at the Renaissance Indian Wells Resort.
Courtesy of Contact in the Desert
ANDREWS: (Radio host) Jimmy Church witnessed it first-hand and went on the radio nationally and talked about it two or three hours. I’ve been to a lot of shows and, as far as I know, we’re the only show that ever demonstrated an actual sighting and was able to document it.
What made you think it was a UFO?
ANDREWS: The movement. It was moving in a way that no known craft that we know of could move.
GEVOIN: Any time it does 90-degree turns and it moves around all over the place, you go, “Wait, what’s going on there?”
The New York Times ran a story about the Pentagon’s secret Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program that was shut down in 2012. Do you think there’s more interest in your subject matter because of news stories like that?
ANDREWS: Definitely. The New York Times doesn’t publish something casually. They have enough sources at this point that they think there’s something significant going on and I think that has been a catalyst to the renewed interest in this whole field. It’s not just UFOs. It’s also a lot of what Giorgio Tsoukalos is doing on the History Channel.
GEVOIN: Right. “Ancient Aliens” and Forbidden Archaeology is huge. We are bringing scientists, NASA whistle-blowers, high-ranking military personnel, FBI people. archaeologists focused on forbidden archaeology, and we have the grandfather of them all, Erich Von Daniken.
MORE:Columnist's experience at second Contact in the Desert
MORE: Koch brothers have their own conference in the desert
Erich Von Daniken (shown here) popularized theories about extra-terrestrials visiting earth with a bestselling book and successful feature film called “Chariots of The Gods.”
The Clarion Ledger (1996)
ANDREWS: I’ll give you an obvious example. There’s no way the culture that existed in Europe even 2,500 years ago had the technology or the slave power or whatever you want to call it to build such incredibly precise monuments as the pyramids. So, the thesis goes that there’s enough of these kinds of anomalies around the Earth to suggest a probable solution is that there’s an extra-terrestrial interaction with our planet going back perhaps tens of thousands of years.
An alien figurine stands stoic as Contact in the Desert attendees browse UFO theory books and other souvenirs on Friday, May 29, 2015.
Brett Kelman/The Desert Sun
GEVOIN: And also the study on Antarctica. There are a lot of things going on in Antarctica and we have people who have the most up-to-date information on that.
I was going to ask if you think the government has files on things like whether there was an Atlantis in Antarctica (being discussed at 2:15 p.m. Friday). Has the government studied this and are they hiding it?
ANDREWS: Absolutely. What’s going on is, the ice caps are melting and as they’re melting they’re revealing more and more structures. Also, the government’s level of infrared technology has been able to go deeper into the earth to see structures they’ve never been able to see before. It’s no accident that (former Secretary of State) John Kerry just happened to go down to Antarctica a couple months ago.
But, how do you jump from observing something in infrared to a conclusion that some ancient alien, or the Anunnaki were there?
Paul Andrews is a producer of Contact in the Desert, which is exploring the theme, "Full Disclosure."
Courtesy of Contact in the Desert
ANDREWS: I didn’t necessarily make that leap. What I did say is there is some anomalous things that have never been discovered. It goes back to, how did these things get built? Who built them? Peasant slaves on a starvation diet? You mention the Anunnaki and to me they’re key to this whole thing. The Anunnaki were written about extensively by Zachariah Sitchin in his 13-book series. Essentially where his information came from were these ancient clay tablets found first in Mesopotamia but then in other very ancient civilizations. Pretty much they all tell the same story of the Anunnaki coming to Earth and building these structures and mining minerals and creating a hybrid race that was essentially a group of humans in service to the so-called gods. He makes a very strong case. I would say even stronger than Erich Von Daniken. But it’s been carried forward by a number of other people, most notably by Giorgio Tsoukalos.
MORE: The argument for Sitchin's thesis
MORE: The argument against Sitchin's thesis
When we’re talking about gold-mining by the Anunnaki, I have to think, why do superior beings need gold? It’s like saying God needs gold in heaven. But you make that a topic of conversation.
ANDREWS: A number of people propound that thesis based on these tablets that have been transcribed by Stichin and others. So, we include it as part of a broader conversation on UFOs and ancient aliens.
GEVOIN: It’s important that we show all these different ways to look at these subjects and expose people to new ideas.
My feeling is, when you even have someone like (attorney) Daniel Sheehan, who has represented the Lakota tribe and investigated Watergate and UFOs, it’s so all-over-the-place you tend to think it’s a gathering of conspiracy theorists.
ANDREWS: Let’s step back for a second. Daniel Sheehan also represented Harvard Professor John Mack, who wrote one of the best, most academic books on the abduction phenomena, and he documented all of his work. As a result, it created a furor within the Harvard faculty and Daniel Sheehan stepped in to defend him and allowed him to retain his tenure.
I’m not trying to deprecate Daniel Sheehan, I’m just saying your speakers are all over the map. So, I’m wondering, is the government studying all of these issues and not being transparent, creating a need to show what they’re studying?
ANDREWS: The key here is disclosure. Everybody who’s in this field in any serious level believes the government isn’t giving us full disclosure of what they know. That’s why Victoria and I decided to make the theme of this year’s show, Full Disclosure. They’re keeping it hidden and discouraging people like us from talking about it.
So, how much data are they collecting and what is the scope of their research?
ANDREWS: There’s an excellent book about this by one of our speakers, Michael Sallala, called “Exo Politics (Political Implications of the Extraterrestrial Presence).” It talks about the relationship between government and this phenomenon, and Michael Sallala is a Ph.d. He’s done terrific research on this.
But has the government researched topics you’re discussing like crop circles and their connections to megalithic monuments around the world? Are they keeping that from us?
ANDREWS: No. I think the research they’re doing is tied in with the defense establishment: Are these sightings a threat.
So, how do you make the leap that these monuments…
ANDREWS: Were built by extraterrestrials? There again, we go back to the clay tablets that were written thousands of years ago that are just now being deciphered.
GEVOIN: You’ll see a symbol that is clearly an airplane, but (airplanes) didn’t exist hundreds of years ago. So, we use forbidden archaeology to lay the groundwork for study. We’re trying to figure out if what we’re seeing has any connection to these beings flying around, doing astounding things aeronautically.
I find it interesting that you have a former Congressman, Merrill Cook.
ANDREWS: He is very supportive of the full disclosure process. He does not believe the government is fully disclosing everything and, when a high-elected official stands up and says he knows for a fact that the government is not disclosing everything they know, people pay attention. That’s one of the reasons people come to our show. They know intuitively there’s something missing and they want someone to verify it for them.
GEVOIN: Another thing that draws people to the show, there are individuals that have had their own sightings. So, they’re confused. They have no one to talk to. When they come here, they’re surrounded by others who have had these experiences and they share them at what we call the Cosmic Café.
I’m interested in the disclosure aspect and the fact that it doesn’t seem to be a Republican or a Democratic thing. Luis Elizondo (who the New York Times said ran the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program) quit the Pentagon over lack of disclosure and his program was cut during the Obama Administration. Is the government afraid of giving credibility to this research?
ANDREWS: Exactly. It’s a nonpartisan issue and it’s tied into defense. There’s a book about this called “Day After Roswell” about how this major in the Air Force was tasked with taking the technology from downed UFOs and feeding it into the American defense industry. I think that’s at the core of it. They feel a lot of this technology is giving them an edge over other countries. They’re helping us develop as a society, but then there’s the abduction phenomenon, which they are powerless to prevent and they don’t want to admit to the American public that they’re powerless.
So, is our tie to the military-industrial complex making us more secretive than other countries, like England and Australia, which have been more transparent?
ANDREWS: Yes. We have captured the most downed UFOs. There’s another one captured in Aztec, New Mexico, and there’s a real well-documented book about it, called “The Aztec (UFO) Incident” (by Ramsey Scott and Suzanne Ramsey). There’s a blanket of secrecy that has been thrown over all of this stuff.
You have some talks on a UFO crash in Brazil. Why is that significant?
GEVOIN: I thought it would be fascinating to sit down with a panel of individuals and let each one talk about their country. This is a worldwide thing. We’ve got A.J. Javaerd from Brazil, Clifford Mahooty (a Zuni Pueblo leader) talking about the Native Americans and their history with the star people, Hugh Newman (a British author on ancient origins), Paul Stonehill (a U.S.S.R. native) who’s talking about Russia, Freddy Silva (who leads international tours of sacred sites).
ANDREWS: Nick Pope was in British intelligence. He’s well known for the Rendlesham Forest event.
GEVOIN: There is a changing within all of us right now, a transformation experience, and our brain is just not able to keep up with everything that’s going on. So, what’s happening is, we feel this shift in our consciousness and we also feel it may have some connection to why all of a sudden more and more people are experiencing abductions or seeing UFOs.
How is an overload of information related to abductions?
GEVOIN: That’s a really good question. I was thinking about this the other day and I was wondering if it was because we are becoming more aware. More awake. These beings have found they can control the way you see things in this reality. I believe they use your consciousness when you’re not present. You know when you’re in your car and you’re not "there" and all of a sudden you’re "there"? I feel like when you’re in that space they can make you see whatever. Somehow there’s a connection.
You have a workshop on abductions and alien hybrid programs. What are you teaching there?
GEVOIN: Just what they look like, how they think, what they do.
ANDREWS: A lot more people than you think have had the abduction experience and most of them, when they come back from it, there’s an element of missing time and missing memory. So, why is this happening and why can’t the people who have had this experience remember all the details? This panel is dedicated to going into all the reasons why people have problems remembering what happened.
There’s also been an increase in the number of borderline personality disorder cases, where people make up their own histories.
ANDREWS: I’ve interviewed kids who are 6, 7 and 8 years old who have had an experience and have pretty good recall of it, and they’re not trying to write a book. They’re not trying to convince anybody. They’re just telling us openly from their heart what happened to them and asking us to empathize and believe what they said. I see that over and over again.
Making new contacts
What:Contact in the Desert, co-produced by Victoria Gevoian and Paul Andrews
Where: The Renaissance Indian Wells Resort & Spa, 44400 Indian Wells Lane, Indian Wells
When: Conference opens Thursday with Giant Rock tours from 12:30 p.m., Dome Experience at 7:30 p.m. Runs through Sunday, June 3 with last talks and workshops at 7 p.m.
Cost: Weekend passes $260 or $470 per couple in advance, $285 or $505 per couple at the door. See the website for other ticket options and schedule.
Google Maps: Alien hunters discover UFO CRASH landing on uninhabited South Pole island
Google Maps: Alien hunters discover UFO CRASH landing on uninhabited South Pole island
GOOGLE MAPS: Alien hunters have discovered a suspected UFO crash landing site on an uninhabited island in Antartica. The mysterious “cigar shaped” objects points to proof of aliens inhabiting Earth.
Google Maps is an unbeatable resource for alien hunters, allowing a curious user to hunt for proof of aliens or UFOs all over the world.
While previously extraterrestrial activity may have taken place under the radar, in areas where humans do not go, Google Maps cameras give the game away.
Now popular alien hunters at YouTube channel secureteam claim to have discovered an alien somewhere very remote indeed: in the depths of the Antartica.
In a video entitled “What crash landed over the Antarctic?”, alien hunter Tyler puts forward a compelling argument for this object being a UFO sighting
Narrating over the video, he explained that he had discovered a mysterious “crash landing”.
An alien hunter has found a suspected UFO in Antarctica on Google Maps
He described it as: “A small stretch of icy mountains separated from the continent and surrounded by frigid waters where it appears something has crash landed down on the snowy plains below.
“What appears to me to be some sort of cigar shaped object that came to halt in the snow leaving behind it a thousand metre long trail.”
In the video, Tyler then goes on to follow the trail, investigating “what it leads to”.
“You’ll notice that leading back from the trail that this object created, moving across the snow and ice, it appears as if there’s some damage that has been done to the side of the mountain, leaving behind debris,” he said.
While many assume an object cutting through the snow is a sleigh, he explains this absolutely cannot be the case due to its vast size.
Google Maps
Google Maps: The viral UFO picture is said to be proof of alien activity
Google Maps
Google Maps: The object is 63 metres long side to side according to alien hunters
“Looks like it was created by something flat with wheels on it," he added.
"This object is definitely not a sleigh because the object itself is 63 metres from end to end.”
Finally, he refers to the apparent lack of any human activity at all on the island.
“One thing’s for sure, I don’t see any other tracks or any evidence to believe this island has been visited by mankind.”
The coordinates are 54°39'44.62"S 36°11'42.47"W if you wish to look around yourself. However, this isn’t the first time suspected alien life has been discovered on Google Maps.
Google Maps
Google Maps: If you pan out you can see the debris said to be left by a crash
With its snowy mountains, sub zero temperatures and mysterious rising mists, the South Pole might seem like a safe hiding place for something as top secret as a spacecraft.
However, it’s bad luck for the suspected aliens, whose UFO may have been caught on camera, according to YouTube channel Secure Team.
The channel owners, who are devoted to alien hunting, have suggested this circle spotted peeking out of the mountains is a “flying saucer” style UFO.
With its defined glowing white outer rim and circular shape, the footage certainly resembles previous images of suspected UFOs.
Thanks to its dark colour, the UFO blends in with the dark coloured mountain it is hiding underneath.
Even before pilot Kenneth Arnold saw strange craft skipping through the air like flying saucers in 1947, people were spotting strange objects zipping across the sky. No one is in a better position to see a UFO than a pilot, and when the fighter pilots of World War II started seeing mysterious lights zooming past them, a new phenomenon was born: Foo Fighters.
UFOS: NAZI WEAPONS?
It’s nighttime, and the pilot is flying near the border of Nazi Germany. Without warning, a luminous red ball zooms nearby, moving far too fast for him to identify—much less give chase.
So many World War II pilots saw strange zooming orbs high in the skies that for a while, they presumed they were dealing with a new Nazi weapon. They rarely varied in appearance: they were round and multicolored, often fiery red. Sightings became an almost-routine feature in mission reports; one early report reads:
Saw a brilliant red light at 2000 feet going E at 200 MPH in the vicinity of Erstein. Due to AI failure could not pick up contact but followed it by sight until it went out. Could not get close enough to identify object before it went out.
Intelligence investigations revealed that similar sightings were being made by German and Japanese pilots as well, so the Allies were relieved to learn that they didn’t have a new weapon to contend with. The Foo Fighters never seemed to act aggressively or threaten attack; they would appear, almost taunting pilots with their superior speed and maneuverability, then dart out of sight.
LOOSE LIPS SINK SHIPS!—BUT TALK ABOUT FOO FIGHTERS ALL YOU WANT
Cartoon Character Smokey Stover Gave the Foo Fighters Their Name
Spies were everywhere in World War II, and soldiers everywhere were admonished to keep their mouths shut about missions and plans; there could be dire consequences. “Loose Lips Sink Ships!” read one common poster of the era.
It’s a surprise, then, that military censors apparently had no problem with newspaper reporters writing about Foo Fighters. Most of the articles reported the orbs as being transparent or silver, instead of the red or multicolored balls of light the pilots actually said they saw. Newspapers often claimed the Foo Fighters were a “new Nazi weapon” rather than the complete mystery that they really were.
The media did a lot to propagate the name “Foo Fighters“, which had originally been inspired by the popular comic Smokey Stover. In the comics, Smokey, a fireman, referred to fire as “foo” for no apparent reason, and fancied himself to be a “foo fighter”. Radar operator Donald Meiers, a Smokey Stover fan, is credited for first using the Foo Fighter name to refer to the UFOs—this is years before the terms “unidentified flying object” and even “flying saucer” were coined.
WHAT WERE THEY, REALLY?
Surprise: it’s an unsolved mystery. There’s a pattern with UFO sightings: they’re reported and recorded, and then denier-skeptics make up mundane explanations for the extraordinary experiences of witnesses. After that, the sightings are completely dismissed (“it was just a weather balloon, dude, everyone knows that”). In later years, UFO sightings would be explained away as swamp gas and maybe misidentifications of the planet Venus, but skeptics had other excuses to account for Foo Fighters.
Chief among the invented explanations: St. Elmo’s Fire, a weather phenomenon that mainly occurs during thunderstorms. The fact that most or all of the Foo Fighter sightings occurred when no thunderstorms were actually present did not deter the deniers.
Other denying skeptics tried to pawn off Foo Fighters as mere reflections from ice crystals, an “explanation” that has a multitude of problems: ice crystals don’t zoom off at 200 MPH, and there were many Foo Fighter sightings in the South Pacific war theater, where the likelihood of ice forming in the atmosphere is remote.
Worst of all for the denying skeptics: the Foo Fighters would sometimes be spotted on radar, and would be seen to be moving at near-impossible speeds. Ice crystals and weather phenomena do not, in fact, appear on radar screens.
SO WAIT, WHAT ABOUT THE BAND?
The band The Foo Fighters does, of course, get its name from the phenomenon. “Around the time that I recorded the first FF tape,” founder Dave Grohl told an interviewer, “I was reading a lot of books on UFOs. Not only is it a fascinating subject, but there’s a treasure trove of band names in those UFO books!” he said.
“So, since I had recorded the first record by myself, playing all the instruments, but I wanted people to think that it was a group, I figured that ‘Foo Fighters’ might lead people to believe that it was more than just one guy. Silly, huh?”
An unidentified flying object or "UFO" is an object perceived in the sky that is not readily identified. Most UFOs are later identified as conventional objects or phenomena. The term is widely used for claimed observations of extraterrestrial craft.
Photograph of an alleged UFO in Passaic, New Jersey, taken on July 31, 1952.
An unidentified flying object or "UFO" is an object perceived in the sky that is not readily identified. Most UFOs are later identified as conventional objects or phenomena. The term is widely used for claimed observations of extraterrestrial craft.
Terminology
The term "UFO" (or "UFOB") was coined in 1953 by the United States Air Force (USAF) to serve as a catch-all for all such reports. In its initial definition, the USAF stated that a "UFOB" was "any airborne object which by performance, aerodynamic characteristics, or unusual features, does not conform to any presently known aircraft or missile type, or which cannot be positively identified as a familiar object." Accordingly, the term was initially restricted to that fraction of cases which remained unidentified after investigation, as the USAF was interested in potential national security reasons and/or "technical aspects" (see Air Force Regulation 200-2).
During the late 1940s and through the 1950s, UFOs were often referred to popularly as "flying saucers" or "flying discs". The term UFO became more widespread during the 1950s, at first in technical literature, but later in popular use. UFOs garnered considerable interest during the Cold War, an era associated with a heightened concern for national security, and, more recently, in the 2010s, for unexplained reasons.[1][2] Nevertheless, various studies have concluded that the phenomenon does not represent a threat to national security, nor does it contain anything worthy of scientific pursuit (e.g., 1951 Flying Saucer Working Party, 1953 CIARobertson Panel, USAF Project Blue Book, Condon Committee).
The Oxford English Dictionary defines a UFO as "An unidentified flying object; a 'flying saucer'." The first published book to use the word was authored by Donald E. Keyhoe.[3]
The acronym "UFO" was coined by Captain Edward J. Ruppelt, who headed Project Blue Book, then the USAF's official investigation of UFOs. He wrote, "Obviously the term 'flying saucer' is misleading when applied to objects of every conceivable shape and performance. For this reason the military prefers the more general, if less colorful, name: unidentified flying objects. UFO (pronounced Yoo-foe) for short."[4] Other phrases that were used officially and that predate the UFO acronym include "flying flapjack", "flying disc", "unexplained flying discs", and "unidentifiable object".[5][6][7]
The phrase "flying saucer" had gained widespread attention after the summer of 1947. On June 24, a civilian pilot named Kenneth Arnold reported seeing nine objects flying in formation near Mount Rainier. Arnold timed the sighting and estimated the speed of discs to be over 1,200 mph (1,931 km/h). At the time, he claimed he described the objects flying in a saucer-like fashion, leading to newspaper accounts of "flying saucers" and "flying discs".[8][9]
In popular usage, the term UFO came to be used to refer to claims of alien spacecraft.[3] and because of the public and media ridicule associated with the topic, some ufologists and investigators prefer to use terms such as "unidentified aerial phenomenon" (UAP) or "anomalous phenomena", as in the title of the National Aviation Reporting Center on Anomalous Phenomena (NARCAP).[10] "Anomalous aerial vehicle" (AAV) or "unidentified aerial system" (UAS) are also sometimes used in a military aviation context to describe unidentified targets.[11]
Studies
Studies have established that the majority of UFO observations are misidentified conventional objects or natural phenomena—most commonly aircraft, balloons, noctilucent clouds, nacreous clouds, or astronomical objects such as meteors or bright planets with a small percentage even being hoaxes.[note 1] Between 5% and 20% of reported sightings are not explained, and therefore can be classified as unidentified in the strictest sense. While proponents of the extraterrestrial hypothesis (ETH) suggest that these unexplained reports are of alien spacecraft, the null hypothesis cannot be excluded that these reports are simply other more prosaic phenomena that cannot be identified due to lack of complete information or due to the necessary subjectivity of the reports.
Almost no scientific papers about UFOs have been published in peer-reviewed journals.[12] There was, in the past, some debate in the scientific community about whether any scientific investigation into UFO sightings is warranted with the general conclusion being that the phenomenon was not worthy of serious investigation except as a cultural artifact.[13][14][15][16][17][18][19] UFOs have been the subject of investigations by various governments who have provided extensive records related to the subject. Many of the most involved government-sponsored investigations ended after agencies concluded that there was no benefit to continued investigation.[20][21]
The void left by the lack of institutional or scientific study has given rise to independent researchers and fringe groups, including the National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena (NICAP) in the mid-20th century and, more recently, the Mutual UFO Network (MUFON)[22] and the Center for UFO Studies (CUFOS).[23] The term "Ufology" is used to describe the collective efforts of those who study reports and associated evidence of unidentified flying objects.[24]
UFOs have become a prevalent theme in modern culture,[25] and the social phenomena have been the subject of academic research in sociology and psychology.[12]
Early history
Unexplained aerial observations have been reported throughout history. Some were undoubtedly astronomical in nature: comets, bright meteors, one or more of the five planets that can be readily seen with the naked eye, planetary conjunctions, or atmospheric optical phenomena such as parhelia and lenticular clouds. An example is Halley's Comet, which was recorded first by Chinese astronomers in 240 BC and possibly as early as 467 BC. Such sightings throughout history often were treated as supernatural portents, angels, or other religious omens. Some current-day UFO researchers have noticed similarities between some religious symbols in medieval paintings and UFO reports[26] though the canonical and symbolic character of such images is documented by art historians placing more conventional religious interpretations on such images.[27]
On April 14, 1561, residents of Nuremberg described the appearance of a large black triangular object. According to witnesses, there were also hundreds of spheres, cylinders and other odd-shaped objects that moved erratically overhead.[28]
On January 25, 1878, the Denison Daily News printed an article in which John Martin, a local farmer, had reported seeing a large, dark, circular object resembling a balloon flying "at wonderful speed." Martin, according to the newspaper account, said it appeared to be about the size of a saucer, the first known use of the word "saucer" in association with a UFO.[29]
In April 1897, thousands of people reported seeing "airships" in various parts of the United States. Many signed affidavits. Scores of people even reported talking to the pilots. Thomas Edison was asked his opinion, and said, "You can take it from me that it is a pure fake."[30][31]
On February 28, 1904, there was a sighting by three crew members on the USS Supply 300 miles (483 km) west of San Francisco, reported by Lieutenant Frank Schofield, later to become Commander-in-Chief of the Pacific Battle Fleet. Schofield wrote of three bright red egg-shaped and circular objects flying in echelon formation that approached beneath the cloud layer, then changed course and "soared" above the clouds, departing directly away from the earth after two to three minutes. The largest had an apparent size of about six Suns, he said.[32][33]
The three earliest known pilot UFO sightings, of 1,305 similar sightings catalogued by NARCAP, took place in 1916 and 1926. On January 31, 1916, a UK pilot near Rochfordreported a row of lights, resembling lighted windows on a railway carriage, that rose and disappeared. In January 1926 a pilot reported six "flying manhole covers" between Wichita, Kansas, and Colorado Springs, Colorado. In late September 1926 an airmail pilot over Nevada said he had been forced to land by a huge, wingless, cylindrical object.[34]
On August 5, 1926, while traveling in the Humboldt Mountains of Tibet's Kokonor region, Russian explorer Nicholas Roerich reported, members of his expedition saw "something big and shiny reflecting the sun, like a huge oval moving at great speed. Crossing our camp the thing changed in its direction from south to southwest. And we saw how it disappeared in the intense blue sky. We even had time to take our field glasses and saw quite distinctly an oval form with shiny surface, one side of which was brilliant from the sun."[35] Another description by Roerich was of a "shiny body flying from north to south. Field glasses are at hand. It is a huge body. One side glows in the sun. It is oval in shape. Then it somehow turns in another direction and disappears in the southwest."[36]
In the Pacific and European theatres during World War II, "foo fighters" (metallic spheres, balls of light and other shapes that followed aircraft) were reported and on occasion photographed by Allied and Axis pilots. Some proposed Allied explanations at the time included St. Elmo's fire, the planet Venus, hallucinations from oxygen deprivation, or German secret weapons.[37][38]
In 1946, more than 2,000 reports were collected, primarily by the Swedish military, of unidentified aerial objects over the Scandinavian nations, along with isolated reports from France, Portugal, Italy and Greece. The objects were referred to as "Russian hail" and later as "ghost rockets" because it was thought that the mysterious objects were possibly Russian tests of captured German V1 or V2rockets. Although most were thought to be such natural phenomena as meteors, more than 200 were tracked on radar by the Swedish military and deemed to be "real physical objects." In a 1948 top secret document, Swedish authorities advised the USAF Europe that some of their investigators believed these craft to be extraterrestrial in origin.[39]
Investigations
UFOs have been subject to investigations over the years that varied widely in scope and scientific rigor. Governments or independent academics in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Japan, Peru, France, Belgium, Sweden, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, Mexico, Spain, and the Soviet Union are known to have investigated UFO reports at various times.
Project Sign in 1948 produced a highly classified finding (see Estimate of the Situation) that the best UFO reports probably had an extraterrestrial explanation. A top secret Swedish military opinion given to the USAF in 1948 stated that some of their analysts believed that the 1946 ghost rockets and later flying saucers had extraterrestrial origins. (For document, see Ghost rockets.) In 1954 German rocket scientist Hermann Oberth revealed that an internal West German government investigation, which he headed, had arrived at an extraterrestrial conclusion, but this study was never made public.
Project Sign was dismantled and became Project Grudge at the end of 1948. Angered by the low quality of investigations by Grudge, the Air Force Director of Intelligence reorganized it as Project Blue Book in late 1951, placing Ruppelt in charge. Blue Book closed down in 1970, using the Condon Committee's negative conclusion as a rationale, thus ending official Air Force UFO investigations. However, a 1969 USAF document, known as the Bolender memo, along with later government documents, revealed that non-public U.S. government UFO investigations continued after 1970. The Bolender memo first stated that "reports of unidentified flying objects that could affect national security ... are not part of the Blue Book system," indicating that more serious UFO incidents already were handled outside the public Blue Book investigation. The memo then added, "reports of UFOs which could affect national security would continue to be handled through the standard Air Force procedures designed for this purpose."[note 2] In addition, in the late 1960s a chapter on UFOs in the Space Sciences course at the U.S. Air Force Academy gave serious consideration to possible extraterrestrial origins. When word of the curriculum became public, the Air Force in 1970 issued a statement to the effect that the book was outdated and that cadets instead were being informed of the Condon Report's negative conclusion.[41]
USAF Regulation 200-2
Air Force Regulation 200-2,[42] issued in 1953 and 1954, defined an Unidentified Flying Object ("UFOB") as "any airborne object which by performance, aerodynamic characteristics, or unusual features, does not conform to any presently known aircraft or missile type, or which cannot be positively identified as a familiar object." The regulation also said UFOBs were to be investigated as a "possible threat to the security of the United States" and "to determine technical aspects involved." The regulation went on to say that "it is permissible to inform news media representatives on UFOB's when the object is positively identified as a familiar object," but added: "For those objects which are not explainable, only the fact that ATIC [Air Technical Intelligence Center] will analyze the data is worthy of release, due to many unknowns involved."[42]
J. Allen Hynek, a trained astronomer who served as a scientific advisor for Project Blue Book, was initially skeptical of UFO reports, but eventually came to the conclusion that many of them could not be satisfactorily explained and was highly critical of what he described as "the cavalier disregard by Project Blue Book of the principles of scientific investigation."[43] Leaving government work, he founded the privately funded CUFOS, to whose work he devoted the rest of his life. Other private groups studying the phenomenon include the MUFON, a grass roots organization whose investigator's handbooks go into great detail on the documentation of alleged UFO sightings.
Like Hynek, Jacques Vallée, a scientist and prominent UFO researcher, has pointed to what he believes is the scientific deficiency of most UFO research, including government studies. He complains of the mythology and cultism often associated with the phenomenon, but alleges that several hundred professional scientists—a group both he and Hynek have termed "the invisible college"—continue to study UFOs in private.[25]
Scientific studies
The study of UFOs has received little support in mainstream scientific literature. Official studies ended in the U.S. in December 1969, following the statement by the government scientist Edward Condon that further study of UFOs could not be justified on grounds of scientific advancement.[15][44] The Condon Report and its conclusions were endorsed by the National Academy of Scientists, of which Condon was a member. On the other hand, a scientific review by the UFO subcommittee of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) disagreed with Condon's conclusion, noting that at least 30 percent of the cases studied remained unexplained and that scientific benefit might be gained by continued study.
Critics argue that all UFO evidence is anecdotal[45] and can be explained as prosaic natural phenomena. Defenders of UFO research counter that knowledge of observational data, other than what is reported in the popular media, is limited in the scientific community and that further study is needed.[25][46]
No official government investigation has ever publicly concluded that UFOs are indisputably real, physical objects, extraterrestrial in origin, or of concern to national defense. These same negative conclusions also have been found in studies that were highly classified for many years, such as the UK's Flying Saucer Working Party, Project Condign, the U.S. CIA-sponsored Robertson Panel, the U.S. military investigation into the green fireballs from 1948 to 1951, and the Battelle Memorial Institute study for the USAF from 1952 to 1955 (Project Blue Book Special Report No. 14).
Some public government reports have acknowledged the possibility of physical reality of UFOs, but have stopped short of proposing extraterrestrial origins, though not dismissing the possibility entirely. Examples are the Belgian military investigation into large triangles over their airspace in 1989–1991 and the 2009 Uruguayan Air Force study conclusion (see below).
Some private studies have been neutral in their conclusions, but argued that the inexplicable core cases call for continued scientific study. Examples are the Sturrock panel study of 1998 and the 1970 AIAA review of the Condon Report.
United States
U.S. investigations into UFOs include:
The Interplanetary Phenomenon Unit (IPU), established by the U.S. Army sometime in the 1940s, and about which little is known. In 1987, British UFO researcher Timothy Good received from the Army's director of counter-intelligence a letter confirming the existence of the IPU. The letter stated that "the aforementioned Army unit was disestablished during the late 1950s and never reactivated. All records pertaining to this unit were surrendered to the U.S. Air Force Office of Special Investigations in conjunction with operation BLUEBOOK." The IPU records have never been released.[47]
Project Blue Book, previously Project Sign and Project Grudge, conducted by the USAF from 1947 until 1969
The secret U.S. Army/Air Force Project Twinkle investigation into green fireballs (1948–1951)
Ghost rockets investigations by the Swedish, UK, U.S., and Greek militaries (1946–1947)
The secret CIA Office of Scientific Investigation (OS/I) study (1952–53)
Thousands of documents released under FOIA also indicate that many U.S. intelligence agencies collected (and still collect) information on UFOs. These agencies include the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), FBI,[7] CIA, National Security Agency (NSA), as well as military intelligence agencies of the Army and U.S. Navy, in addition to the Air Force.[note 3]
The investigation of UFOs has also attracted many civilians, who in the U.S formed research groups such as NICAP (active 1956–1980), Aerial Phenomena Research Organization(APRO) (active 1952–1988), MUFON (active 1969–), and CUFOS (active 1973–).
In November 2011, the White House released an official response to two petitions asking the U.S. government to acknowledge formally that aliens have visited this planet and to disclose any intentional withholding of government interactions with extraterrestrial beings. According to the response, "The U.S. government has no evidence that any life exists outside our planet, or that an extraterrestrial presence has contacted or engaged any member of the human race."[50][51] Also, according to the response, there is "no credible information to suggest that any evidence is being hidden from the public's eye."[50][51] The response further noted that efforts, like SETI and NASA's Kepler space telescope and Mars Science Laboratory, continue looking for signs of life. The response noted "odds are pretty high" that there may be life on other planets but "the odds of us making contact with any of them—especially any intelligent ones—are extremely small, given the distances involved."[50][51]
Post-1947 sightings
Following the large U.S. surge in sightings in June and early July 1947, on July 9, 1947, United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) intelligence, in cooperation with the FBI,[7] began a formal investigation into selected sightings with characteristics that could not be immediately rationalized, such as Kenneth Arnold's. The USAAF used "all of its top scientists" to determine whether "such a phenomenon could, in fact, occur." The research was "being conducted with the thought that the flying objects might be a celestial phenomenon," or that "they might be a foreign body mechanically devised and controlled."[52] Three weeks later in a preliminary defense estimate, the air force investigation decided that, "This 'flying saucer' situation is not all imaginary or seeing too much in some natural phenomenon. Something is really flying around."[53]
A further review by the intelligence and technical divisions of the Air Materiel Command at Wright Field reached the same conclusion. It reported that "the phenomenon is something real and not visionary or fictitious," that there were objects in the shape of a disc, metallic in appearance, and as big as man-made aircraft. They were characterized by "extreme rates of climb [and] maneuverability," general lack of noise, absence of trail, occasional formation flying, and "evasive" behavior "when sighted or contacted by friendly aircraft and radar," suggesting a controlled craft. It was therefore recommended in late September 1947 that an official Air Force investigation be set up to investigate the phenomenon. It was also recommended that other government agencies should assist in the investigation.[note 4]
Project Sign
This led to the creation of the Air Force's Project Sign at the end of 1947, one of the earliest government studies to come to a secret extraterrestrial conclusion. In August 1948, Sign investigators wrote a top-secret intelligence estimate to that effect, but the Air Force Chief of StaffHoyt Vandenberg ordered it destroyed. The existence of this suppressed report was revealed by several insiders who had read it, such as astronomer and USAF consultant J. Allen Hynek and Capt. Edward J. Ruppelt, the first head of the USAF's Project Blue Book.[54]
Another highly classified U.S. study was conducted by the CIA's Office of Scientific Investigation (OS/I) in the latter half of 1952 in response to orders from the National Security Council (NSC). This study concluded UFOs were real physical objects of potential threat to national security. One OS/I memo to the CIA Director (DCI) in December read:
the reports of incidents convince us that there is something going on that must have immediate attention ... Sightings of unexplained objects at great altitudes and traveling at high speeds in the vicinity of major U.S. defense installations are of such a nature that they are not attributable to natural phenomena or any known types of aerial vehicles.
The matter was considered so urgent that OS/I drafted a memorandum from the DCI to the NSC proposing that the NSC establish an investigation of UFOs as a priority project throughout the intelligence and the defense research and development community. It also urged the DCI to establish an external research project of top-level scientists, now known as the Robertson Panel to analyze the problem of UFOs. The OS/I investigation was called off after the Robertson Panel's negative conclusions in January 1953.[55]
A public research effort conducted by the Condon Committee for the USAF, which arrived at a negative conclusion in 1968, marked the end of the U.S. government's official investigation of UFOs, though various government intelligence agencies continue unofficially to investigate or monitor the situation.[note 5]
Controversy has surrounded the Condon Report, both before and after it was released. It has been observed that the report was "harshly criticized by numerous scientists, particularly at the powerful AIAA ... [which] recommended moderate, but continuous scientific work on UFOs."[15] In an address to the AAAS, James E. McDonald stated that he believed science had failed to mount adequate studies of the problem and criticized the Condon Report and earlier studies by the USAF as scientifically deficient. He also questioned the basis for Condon's conclusions[56] and argued that the reports of UFOs have been "laughed out of scientific court."[14] J. Allen Hynek, an astronomer who worked as a USAF consultant from 1948, sharply criticized the Condon Committee Report and later wrote two nontechnical books that set forth the case for continuing to investigate UFO reports.
Ruppelt recounted his experiences with Project Blue Book, a USAF investigation that preceded Condon's.[57]
Notable cases
The Roswell UFO incident (1947) involved New Mexico residents, local law enforcement officers, and the U.S. military, the latter of whom allegedly collected physical evidence from the UFO crash site.
In the Kecksburg UFO incident, Pennsylvania (1965), residents reported seeing a bell shaped object crash in the area. Police officers, and possibly military personnel, were sent to investigate.
The Travis Walton abduction case (1975): The movie Fire in the Sky (1993) was based on this event, but greatly embellished the original account.
Document on sighting of a UFO occurred on December 16, 1977, in the state of Bahia, Brazil.
Brazil
On October 31, 2008, the National Archives of Brazil began receiving from the Aeronautical Documentation and History Center part of the documentation of the Brazilian Air Force regarding the investigation of the appearance of UFOs in Brazil. Currently this collection gathers cases between 1952 and 2016.[58]
An unidentified flying object or "UFO" is an object perceived in the sky that is not readily identified. Most UFOs are later identified as conventional objects or phenomena. The term is widely used for claimed observations of extraterrestrial craft.
France
On March 2007, the French space agency CNES published an archive of UFO sightings and other phenomena online.[60]
French studies include GEPAN/SEPRA/GEIPAN (1977–), within CNES (French space agency), the longest ongoing government-sponsored investigation. About 22% of 6000 cases studied remain unexplained.[61] The official opinion of GEPAN/SEPRA/GEIPAN has been neutral, stating on their FAQ page that their mission is fact-finding for the scientific community, not rendering an opinion. They add they can neither prove nor disprove the Exterrestrial Hypothesis (ETH), but their Steering Committee's clear position is that they cannot discard the possibility that some fraction of the very strange 22% of unexplained cases might be due to distant and advanced civilizations.[62] Possibly their bias may be indicated by their use of the terms "PAN" (French) or "UAP" (English equivalent) for "Unidentified Aerospace Phenomenon" (whereas "UAP" as normally used by English organizations stands for "Unidentified Aerial Phenomenon", a more neutral term). In addition, the three heads of the studies have gone on record in stating that UFOs were real physical flying machines beyond our knowledge or that the best explanation for the most inexplicable cases was an extraterrestrial one.[63][64][65]
In 2008, Michel Scheller, president of the Association Aéronautique et Astronautique de France (3AF), created the Sigma Commission. Its purpose was to investigate UFO phenomenon worldwide.[66] A progress report published in May 2010 stated that the central hypothesis proposed by the COMETA report is perfectly credible.[67] In December 2012, the final report of the Sigma Commission was submitted to Scheller. Following the submission of the final report, the Sigma2 Commission is to be formed with a mandate to continue the scientific investigation of UFO phenomenon.[68][69]
According to some Italian ufologists, the first documented case of a UFO sighting in Italy dates back to April 11, 1933, to Varese. Documents of the time show that an alleged UFO crashed or landed near Vergiate. Following this, Benito Mussolini created a secret group to look at it, called Cabinet RS/33.[70][71]
Alleged UFO sightings gradually increased since the war, peaking in 1978 and 2005. The total number of sightings since 1947 are 18,500, of which 90% are identifiable.[72]
In 2000, Italian ufologist Roberto Pinotti published material regarding the so-called "Fascist UFO Files", which dealt with a flying saucer that had crashed near Milan in 1933 (some 14 years before the Roswell, New Mexico, crash), and of the subsequent investigation by a never mentioned before Cabinet RS/33, that allegedly was authorized by Benito Mussolini, and headed by the Nobel scientist Guglielmo Marconi. A spaceship was allegedly stored in the hangars of the SIAI Marchetti in Vergiate near Milan.[73]
Julius Obsequens was a Roman writer who is believed to have lived in the middle of the fourth century AD. The only work associated with his name is the Liber de prodigiis (Book of Prodigies), completely extracted from an epitome, or abridgment, written by Livy; De prodigiis was constructed as an account of the wonders and portents that occurred in Romebetween 249 BC-12 BC. An aspect of Obsequens' work that has inspired much interest in some circles is that references are made to things moving through the sky. These have been interpreted as reports of UFOs, but may just as well describe meteors, and, since Obsequens, probably, writes in the 4th century, that is, some 400 years after the events he describes, they hardly qualify as eye-witness accounts.[74][75]
In 1973, an Alitalia airplane left Rome for Naples sighted a mysterious round object. Two Italian Air Force planes from Ciampino confirmed the sighting.[77] In the same year there was another sighting at Caselle airport near Turin.[78]
In 1978, two young hikers, while walking on Monte Musinè near Turin, saw a bright light; one of them temporarily disappeared and, after a while, was found in a state of shock and with a noticeable scald on one leg. After regaining consciousness, he reported having seen an elongated vehicle and that some strangely shaped beings descended from it. Both the young hikers suffered from conjunctivitis for some time.[79]
A close encounter reported in September 1978 in Torrita di Siena in the Province of Siena. A young motorist saw in front of him a bright object, two beings of small stature who wore suits and helmets, the two approached the car, and after watching it carefully went back and rose again to the UFO. A boy who lived with his family in a country house not far from there said he had seen at the same time "a kind of small reddish sun".[80]
Yet in 1978, there has been also the story of Pier Fortunato Zanfretta, the best known and most controversial case of an Italian alleged alien abduction. Zanfretta said to have been kidnapped on the night of 6 December and 7 December while he was performing his job at Marzano, in the municipality of Torriglia in the Province of Genoa;[81] 52 testimonies of the case from other people were collected.[81]
United Kingdom
The UK's Flying Saucer Working Party published its final report in June 1951, which remained secret for over 50 years. The Working Party concluded that all UFO sightings could be explained as misidentifications of ordinary objects or phenomena, optical illusions, psychological misperceptions/aberrations, or hoaxes. The report stated: "We accordingly recommend very strongly that no further investigation of reported mysterious aerial phenomena be undertaken, unless and until some material evidence becomes available."[82]
Eight file collections on UFO sightings, dating from 1978 to 1987, were first released on May 14, 2008, to The National Archives by the Ministry of Defence (MoD).[83] Although kept secret from the public for many years, most of the files have low levels of classification and none are classified Top Secret. 200 files are set to be made public by 2012. The files are correspondence from the public sent to the British government and officials, such as the MoD and Margaret Thatcher. The MoD released the files under the Freedom of Information Act due to requests from researchers.[84] These files include, but are not limited to, UFOs over Liverpool and the Waterloo Bridge in London.[85]
On October 20, 2008, more UFO files were released. One case released detailed that in 1991 an Alitalia passenger aircraft was approaching London Heathrow Airport when the pilots saw what they described as a "cruise missile" fly extremely close to the cockpit. The pilots believed that a collision was imminent. UFO expert David Clarke says that this is one of the most convincing cases for a UFO he has come across.[86]
A secret study of UFOs was undertaken for the Ministry of Defence between 1996 and 2000 and was code-named Project Condign. The resulting report, titled "Unidentified Aerial Phenomena in the UK Defence Region", was publicly released in 2006, but the identity and credentials of whomever constituted Project Condign remains classified. The report confirmed earlier findings that the main causes of UFO sightings are misidentification of man-made and natural objects. The report noted: "No artefacts of unknown or unexplained origin have been reported or handed to the UK authorities, despite thousands of Unidentified Aerial Phenomena reports. There are no SIGINT, ELINT or radiation measurements and little useful video or still IMINT." It concluded: "There is no evidence that any UAP, seen in the UKADR [UK Air Defence Region], are incursions by air-objects of any intelligent (extraterrestrial or foreign) origin, or that they represent any hostile intent." A little-discussed conclusion of the report was that novel meteorological plasma phenomenon akin to ball lightning are responsible for "the majority, if not all" of otherwise inexplicable sightings, especially reports of black triangle UFOs.[87]
On December 1, 2009, the Ministry of Defence quietly closed down its UFO investigations unit. The unit's hotline and email address were suspended by the MoD on that date. The MoD said there was no value in continuing to receive and investigate sightings in a release, stating
in over fifty years, no UFO report has revealed any evidence of a potential threat to the United Kingdom. The MoD has no specific capability for identifying the nature of such sightings. There is no Defence benefit in such investigation and it would be an inappropriate use of defence resources. Furthermore, responding to reported UFO sightings diverts MoD resources from tasks that are relevant to Defence."
The Guardian reported that the MoD claimed the closure would save the Ministry around £50,000 a year. The MoD said that it would continue to release UFO files to the public through The National Archives.[88]
Notable cases
According to records released on August 5, 2010, British wartime prime minister Winston Churchill banned the reporting for 50 years of an alleged UFO incident because of fears it could create mass panic. Reports given to Churchill asserted that the incident involved a Royal Air Force (RAF) reconnaissance aircraft returning from a mission in France or Germany toward the end of World War II. It was over or near the English coastline when it was allegedly intercepted by a strange metallic object that matched the aircraft's course and speed for a time before accelerating away and disappearing. The aircraft's crew were reported to have photographed the object, which they said had "hovered noiselessly" near the aircraft, before moving off.[89] According to the documents, details of the coverup emerged when a man wrote to the government in 1999 seeking to find out more about the incident and described how his grandfather, who had served with the RAF in the war, was present when Churchill and U.S. General Dwight D. Eisenhower discussed how to deal with the UFO encounter.[90][91] The files come from more than 5,000 pages of UFO reports, letters and drawings from members of the public, as well as questions raised in Parliament. They are available to download from The National Archives website.[83]
In the April 1957 West Freugh incident in Scotland, named after the principal military base involved, two unidentified objects flying high over the UK were tracked by radar operators. The objects were reported to operate at speeds and perform maneuvers beyond the capability of any known craft. Also significant is their alleged size, which – based on the radar returns – was closer to that of a ship than an aircraft.
In the Rendlesham Forest incident of December 1980, U.S. military personnel witnessed UFOs near the air base at Woodbridge, Suffolk, over a period of three nights. On one night the deputy base commander, Colonel Charles I. Halt, and other personnel followed one or more UFOs that were moving in and above the forest for several hours. Col. Halt made an audio recording while this was happening and subsequently wrote an official memorandum summarizing the incident. After retirement from the military, he said that he had deliberately downplayed the event (officially termed 'Unexplained Lights') to avoid damaging his career. Other base personnel are said to have observed one of the UFOs, which had landed in the forest, and even gone up to and touched it.
Uruguay
The Uruguayan Air Force has conducted UFO investigations since 1989 and reportedly analyzed 2,100 cases of which they regard approximately 2% as lacking explanation.[92]
Astronomer reports
The USAF's Project Blue Book files indicate that approximately 1%[93] of all unknown reports came from amateur and professional astronomers or other users of telescopes (such as missile trackers or surveyors). In 1952, astronomer J. Allen Hynek, then a consultant to Blue Book, conducted a small survey of 45 fellow professional astronomers. Five reported UFO sightings (about 11%). In the 1970s, astrophysicist Peter A. Sturrock conducted two large surveys of the AIAA and American Astronomical Society (AAS). About 5% of the members polled indicated that they had had UFO sightings.
Astronomer Clyde Tombaugh, who admitted to six UFO sightings, including three green fireballs, supported the Extraterrestrial hypothesis for UFOs and stated he thought scientists who dismissed it without study were being "unscientific." Another astronomer was Lincoln LaPaz, who had headed the Air Force's investigation into the green fireballs and other UFO phenomena in New Mexico. LaPaz reported two personal sightings, one of a green fireball, the other of an anomalous disc-like object. (Both Tombaugh and LaPaz were part of Hynek's 1952 survey.) Hynek himself took two photos through the window of a commercial airliner of a disc-like object that seemed to pace his aircraft.[94]
In 1980, a survey of 1800 members of various amateur astronomer associations by Gert Helb and Hynek for CUFOS found that 24% responded "yes" to the question "Have you ever observed an object which resisted your most exhaustive efforts at identification?"[95]
Claims of increase in reports
MUFON reports that UFO sightings to their offices have increased by 67% in the previous three years as of 2011. According to MUFON international director Clifford Clift in 2011, "Over the past year, we've been averaging 500 sighting reports a month, compared to about 300 three years ago [67 percent],".[96][97]
According to the annual survey of reports conducted by Canadian-based UFO research group Ufology Research, reported UFO sightings doubled in Canada between 2011 and 2012.[98][99]
In 2013 the Peruvian government's Departamento de Investigación de Fenómenos Aéreos Anómalos (Anomalous Aerial Phenomena Research Department), or "DIFAA", was officially reactivated due to an increase in reported sightings. According to Colonel Julio Vucetich, head of the air force's aerospace interests division who himself claims to have seen an "anomalous aerial object", "On a personal basis, it's evident to me that we are not alone in this world or universe."[100][101]
Fata Morgana, a type of mirage in which objects located below the astronomical horizon appear to be hovering in the sky just above the horizon, may be responsible for some UFO sightings. (Here, the shape floating above the horizon is the reflected image of a boat.) Fata Morgana can also distort the appearance of distant objects, sometimes making them unrecognizable[103]
Lenticular clouds have in some cases been reported as UFOs due to their peculiar shape
Studies show that after careful investigation, the majority of UFOs can be identified as ordinary objects or phenomena. The most commonly found identified sources of UFO reports are:
A 1952–1955 study by the Battelle Memorial Institute for the USAF included these categories as well as a "psychological" one.
An individual 1979 study by CUFOS researcher Allan Hendry found, as did other investigations, that only a small percentage of cases he investigated were hoaxes (<1 and="" that="" most="" sightings="" were="" actually="" honest="" misidentifications="" of="" prosaic="" phenomena="" hendry="" attributed="" these="" to="" inexperience="" or="" misperception="" sup="" class="reference" id="cite_ref-109">[104]
Claims by military, government, and aviation personnel
Since 2001 there have been calls for greater openness on the part of the government by various persons. In May 2001, a press conference was held at the National Press Club in Washington, D.C., by an organization called the Disclosure Project, featuring twenty persons including retired Air Force and FAA personnel, intelligence officers and an air traffic controller.[105][106][107][108][109][110][111] They all gave a brief account of what they knew or had witnessed, and stated that they would be willing to testify to what they had said under oath to a Congressional committee. According to a 2002 report in the Oregon Daily Emerald, Disclosure Project founder Steven M. Greer has gathered 120 hours of testimony from various government officials on the topic of UFOs, including astronaut Gordon Cooper and a Brigadier General.[112]
In 2007, former Arizona governor Fife Symington came forward and belatedly claimed that he had seen "a massive, delta-shaped craft silently navigate over Squaw Peak, a mountain range in Phoenix, Arizona" in 1997.[113]
On September 27, 2010, a group of six former USAF officers and one former enlisted Air Force man held a press conference at the National Press Club in Washington, D.C., on the theme "U.S. Nuclear Weapons Have Been Compromised by Unidentified Aerial Objects."[114] They told how they had witnessed UFOs hovering near missile sites and even disarming the missiles.
From April 29 to May 3, 2013, the Paradigm Research Group held the "Citizen Hearing on Disclosure" at the National Press Club. The group paid former U.S. Senator Mike Graveland former Representatives Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick, Roscoe Bartlett, Merrill Cook, Darlene Hooley, and Lynn Woolsey $20,000 each to hear testimony from a panel of researchers which included witnesses from military, agency, and political backgrounds.[115][116]
Apollo 14 astronaut Dr Edgar Mitchell claimed that he knew of senior government employees who had been involved in "close encounters" and because of this he has no doubt that aliens have visited Earth.[117]
While technically a UFO refers to any unidentified flying object, in modern popular culture the term UFO has generally become synonymous with alien spacecraft;[118] however, the term ETV (ExtraTerrestrial Vehicle) is sometimes used to separate this explanation of UFOs from totally earthbound explanations.[119]
Associated claims
Besides anecdotal visual sightings, reports sometimes include claims of other kinds of evidence, including cases studied by the military and various government agencies of different countries (such as Project Blue Book, the Condon Committee, the French GEPAN/SEPRA, and Uruguay's current Air Force study).
A comprehensive scientific review of cases where physical evidence was available was carried out by the 1998 Sturrock panel, with specific examples of many of the categories listed below.[120][121][122]
Radar contact and tracking, sometimes from multiple sites. These have included military personnel and control tower operators, simultaneous visual sightings, and aircraft intercepts. One such example were the mass sightings of large, silent, low-flying black triangles in 1989 and 1990 over Belgium, tracked by NATO radar and jet interceptors, and investigated by Belgium's military (included photographic evidence).[123] Another famous case from 1986 was the Japan Air Lines flight 1628 incident over Alaska investigated by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).
Photographic evidence, including still photos, movie film, and video.
Claims of physical trace of landing UFOs, including ground impressions, burned or desiccated soil, burned and broken foliage, magnetic anomalies[specify], increased radiation levels, and metallic traces. (See, e. g. Height 611 UFO incident or the 1964 Lonnie Zamora's Socorro, New Mexico encounter of the USAF Project Blue Book cases.) A well-known example from December 1980 was the USAF Rendlesham Forest incident in England. Another occurred in January 1981 in Trans-en-Provence and was investigated by GEPAN, then France's official government UFO-investigation agency. Project Blue Book head Edward J. Ruppelt described a classic 1952 CE2 case involving a patch of charred grass roots.
Physiological effects on people and animals including temporary paralysis, skin burns and rashes, corneal burns, and symptoms superficially resembling radiation poisoning, such as the Cash-Landrum incident in 1980.
Animal/cattle mutilation cases, that some feel are also part of the UFO phenomenon.
Biological effects on plants such as increased or decreased growth, germination effects on seeds, and blown-out stem nodes (usually associated with physical trace cases or crop circles)
Electromagnetic interference (EM) effects. A famous 1976 military case over Tehran, recorded in CIA and DIA classified documents, was associated with communication losses in multiple aircraft and weapons system failure in an F-4 Phantom II jet interceptor as it was about to fire a missile on one of the UFOs.[124]
Apparent remote radiation detection, some noted in FBI and CIA documents occurring over government nuclear installations at Los Alamos National Laboratory and Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 1950, also reported by Project Blue Book director Edward J. Ruppelt in his book.
Claimed artifacts of UFOs themselves, such as 1957, Ubatuba, Brazil, magnesium fragments analyzed by the Brazilian government and in the Condon Report and by others. The 1964 Lonnie Zamora incident also left metal traces, analyzed by NASA.[125][126] A more recent example involves a tear drop-shaped object recovered by Bob White and was featured in a television episode of UFO Hunters.[127]
Some ufologists recommend that observations be classified according to the features of the phenomenon or object that are reported or recorded. Typical categories include:
Saucer, toy-top, or disk-shaped "craft" without visible or audible propulsion.
Large triangular "craft" or triangular light pattern, usually reported at night.
Cigar-shaped "craft" with lighted windows (meteor fireballs are sometimes reported this way, but are very different phenomena).
Other: chevrons, (equilateral) triangles, crescent, boomerangs, spheres (usually reported to be shining, glowing at night), domes, diamonds, shapeless black masses, eggs, pyramids and cylinders, classic "lights."
Hynek's system involves dividing the sighted object by appearance, subdivided further into the type of "close encounter" (a term from which the film director Steven Spielbergderived the title of his 1977 UFO movie, Close Encounters of the Third Kind).
Jacques Vallée's system classifies UFOs into five broad types, each with from three to five subtypes that vary according to type.
One example is the response to local beliefs that "extraterrestrial beings" in UFOs were responsible for crop circles appearing in Indonesia, which the government and the National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN) described as "man-made". Thomas Djamaluddin, research professor of astronomy and astrophysics at LAPAN stated: "We have come to agree that this 'thing' cannot be scientifically proven. Scientists have put UFOs in the category of pseudoscience.
UFOs Photographed by the International Space Station
UFOs Photographed by the International Space Station
When:April 3rd, 2018 and December 28th, 2017
Where:Space
What:Strange round objects photographed outside International Space Station
A frequent viewer of the ISS live cam witnessed a UFO on two separate occasions, and fortunately took some screenshots and shared them with MUFON (case 92258).
ok so, i have taken screenshots on my ISS app on my phone on 2 different occasions.the first was on the 28/12/17 and the 2nd occasion was on the 4/3/18. On the 28/12 i have taken 1 photo and my memory f that is a little vague. on the 4/3 i have taken 5 screenshots, all approximately 5 seconds after one another. I want to add I am using the same cell phone right now to submit this report so to submit the original photos i took with all the added info and details attached to the pictures, such as the date and time etc. and also i hope that helps to authenticate my photos are not modified at all in one way or another. I will concentrate on the 4/3 because that is more familiar in my memory. All i was doing was checking the app like i sometimes do and sometimes i see the ISS fly over my town when i am up early enough. and basically i saw the round object, and i have researched about the ISS before and know that stars and most planets are not visible through the cameras on the ISS, only the sun and moon and a not many planets. and definitely not other satellites because of the speed the ISS is traveling as well as the other satellites. i immediately begun taking screenshots and as you can see the time between the photos, i hope that will help if someone can calculate the speed of the ISS and whatever else may be to pinpoint a distance of the object and size, maybe. I have thought afterwards maybe this is just a planet or a secret human powered craft, and other ideas. but after finding this site i simply wanted to submit my info and get the experts to look at it. before the 28/12/17 i have never seen a ufo before and these are the only 2 times i have seen anything on the ISS app. i have been incredibly astonished and blown away this year to, to see a UFO with my own eyes very close to my town and i have a detailed description to tell in another report so i will just keep that brief for now.Basically i first saw the object up high then it hovered for a little while then slowly dropped downwards until it was out of sight behind earth. thank you anyone who puts time into this and can back to me if these sightings i am sharing are authentic or not. any info which i hope can be identified would be greatly appreciated. thank you
Believe it or not, sightings of UFOs by the ISS are pretty common. But is that what these photographs show - UFOs? Or do they show reflections of lights or other mundane anomalies? As always, you be the judge! Share your theories in the comments below or on Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram!
It could be a Star Trek or Star Wars universe after all. One where a diverse set of intelligent extraterrestrial species from across the galaxies all easily communicate despite some pretty dramatic biological differences.
Some of the world's leading linguists argue that human languages are connected by a shared "universal grammar." And now some, including perhaps the most well-known linguist, say they're optimistic that connection could extend to extraterrestrial languages too.
Noam Chomsky in 2015
Argentina Ministry of Culture
"To put it whimsically, the Martian language might not be so different from human language after all," explained Noam Chomsky and Jeffrey Watumull in a presentation at the International Space Development Conference (ISDC) in Los Angeles on Saturday.
"Chomsky has often said that if a Martian visited Earth, it would think we all speak dialects of the same language, because all terrestrial languages share a common underlying structure," said Douglas Vakoch, president of METI (short for Messaging Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence), which organized a daylong Language in the Cosmos workshop at ISDC. "But if aliens have language, would it be similar to ours? That's the big question." Linguists Bridget Samuels from the University of Southern California and Jeffrey Punske from Southern Illinois University also argued in a separate presentation at the workshop that some universal factors underlying language might be able to bridge big gaps in alien biology and environment.
"The whole universe is subject to the same laws of physics. For example, there are not that many ways a signal can be transmitted, particularly over large distances," they explained to me in an email. "Also, we can expect that extraterrestrial languages ... have a vocabulary consisting of building blocks of meaning that can be combined to create more complex meanings."
The notion here is that there are aspects of the universe that are, well, universal. While hypothetical aliens may have evolved very differently from us on very different worlds, all species -- and by extension all languages -- must spring forth from essentially the same elemental soup.
"While the possibility of human contact with extraterrestrials seems remote, and the possibility of communicating successfully with them seems even more remote, the laws of physics, information theory, logic, and mathematics could provide some common ground to start from," said Samuels and Punske.
METI is trying to work out which type of message could be most understandable to extraterrestrials. The notion that a universal grammar connecting human languages could also underlie alien dialects changes things.
"That's a radical shift for SETI scientists, who have scoffed at the idea of creating interstellar messages inspired by natural languages," said Vakoch.
In the past, messages sent into space have typically been encoded in principles of math and science rather than language. More recently, we've sent music:
Still, the notion of universal grammar applying to the whole universe is not accepted by everyone interested in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
Also at the workshop, Professor Emeritus Gonzalo Munevar from Lawrence Technological University presented his argument that there's more reason for pessimism when it comes to communicating with ET. He argues there are plenty of examples on Earth of different species evolving different brains that work in very different ways.
Luna moths can see ultraviolet light, some snakes can see heat and certain fish perceive electric fields, just for starters.
"An intelligent creature whose main sensory modality is electric rather than visual would have patterns of thought completely foreign to us," he explained, adding there's "no reason to expect similar scientific languages or math" to emerge on distant exoplanets.
Whether or not there's any hope that aliens could ever understand the messages we send into space, Vakoch and METI aren't about to stop trying. Beyond the obvious language barrier, Vakoch says another challenge is the time required to send and receive messages across interstellar space. A two-way conversation between Earth and the nearest planet beyond our solar system, Proxima Centauri, would require eight years just for us to send out a "hello" and receive a response.
"The greatest shift of mindset that we need to succeed in a two-way conversation with ET is to think in multigenerational terms," Vakoch said. "The scientists who start an experiment in active SETI today will probably not be around when any responses get back to Earth."
Crowd Control: A crowdsourced science fiction novel written by CNET readers.
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Decoding Alien Messages Could Be the Biggest Citizen-Science Project Ever
Decoding Alien Messages Could Be the Biggest Citizen-Science Project Ever
By Mike Wall, Space.com Senior Writer
Artist's concept of intelligent extraterrestrials
Credit: Albert Ziganshin / Shutterstock.com
Stay sharp! You may be needed to help decode a message from intelligent aliens someday.
The work of professional linguists, mathematicians and scientists "is probably not going to be enough" to unravel a cosmic mystery missive, said Sheri Wells-Jensen, a linguist at Bowling Green University in Ohio who also serves on the board of METI (Messaging Extraterrestrial Intelligence), a San Francisco-based nonprofit.
"We have to have all hands on deck," Wells-Jensen told Space.com. "We're going to need everybody, and we're going to need to generate multiple sets of meanings for a message that we get." [13 Ways to Hunt Intelligent Aliens]
An experiment performed recently by Wells-Jensen shows why we may need the power of the human hive-mind. She presented college students with several puzzles that had been coded in the manner of Lincos, a constructed language designed to be understood by intelligent extraterrestrials. The students figured out the simple stuff, such as basic mathematical functions, quite well — but things got dicey when the concepts got more complicated.
For example, Wells-Jensen gave the students the equation for the circumference of a circle, as well as a lightly coded representation of "pi" (the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter).
"And I said, 'OK, what is this real word?' And they came up with all kinds of crazy things," she said. "Some made poetic jumps and said, 'world'; some of them made an opposite poetic jump and said, 'infinity.' Some of them thought that I meant that the diameter of the circle ended at a wall, and said 'prison.'"
And that's for a message drawn up by a fellow human. It will doubtless be much tougher to decode something devised by creatures from a distant solar system who share no cultural or evolutionary history with us, who may rely upon different senses to perceive their environment and to communicate, and who are probably far more advanced technologically than we are.
So, we'll likely need to marshal the collective wisdom of the world, in a massive citizen-science project, to identify (and agree upon) the "right" answer, Wells-Jensen said. And our chances of success in this endeavor would be greatly increased if we all hit the books a little, to increase our critical-thinking skills and our understanding of nature and how it works, she added.
"One of the goals of METI — and I really think it should be a goal of all of us — is to work on this science-literacy problem," Wells-Jensen said.
The linguist was originally scheduled to present her results on Saturday (May 26), during a workshop at the International Space Development Conference (ISDC) 2018 in Los Angeles. But she nixed that after running out of time. Wells-Jensen has been pretty busy; she chaired the workshop, which is called "Language in the Cosmos," and she co-authored another workshop study.
The daylong workshop, which was organized by METI, explored the possibility that language — or at least certain essential elements of language — might be universal throughout the cosmos.
Famed linguist Noam "Chomsky has often said that if a Martian visited Earth, it would think we all speak dialects of the same language, because all terrestrial languages share a common underlying structure," METI President Doug Vakoch, who also presented a paper at the workshop, said in a statement. "But if aliens have language, would it be similar to ours? That's the big question."
Two workshop papers, including one co-authored by Chomsky, expressed optimism about this. Wells-Jensen said she's more skeptical, citing our lack of knowledge about the origins of human language and the difficulty of extrapolating from a sample size of one. (However, whale languages might be complex enough to boost our planet's sample to two, she added.)
"I don't think we know, but this is a nice hypothesis to play with," she said of the language-universality idea.
Humans have been trying to find out whether or not we're alone in the universe for centuries.
Aboard the Voyager 1 space probe - which has travelled further than any other man-made object - is a golden disc containing information about humans and the cultures of our planet.
It was hoped by NASA engineers in the 70s that it would once day come into contact with intelligent life and educate them about humankind.
As well as sending out potential communications to other worlds, many people have reported evidence of aliens here on Earth.
Recently, the mummified remains of what was believed to be an alien proved to be a small child.
The skeleton measured just six inches in height, and was found 15 years ago in Chile. UFO experts were convinced the mummified skeleton was extraterrestrial in origin, and a documentary suggested it was an alien.
Following five years of research, scientists concluded that the figure, nicknamed Ata, was actually a baby girl.
Even though Ata turned out to be a story of human tragedy rather than of alien visitors, there are plenty of other mysterious sightings that have yet to be explained.
The mummified skeleton known as Ata(Image: Sirius Disclosure)
Evidence of aliens on Earth - Roswell, New Mexico
In July 1947 Sheriff Jess Slaughter and Deputy Sheriff Charles Fogus were travelling together to pick up a prisoner when they heard on their police radio reports of a crashed aircraft.
The two men, who were travelling to Roswell, New Mexico, decided to investigate and stumbled across the scene of one of the most famous UFO incidents in history.
While the US military have long claimed the crashed object was merely a weather balloon, conspiracy theorists believe the site was the scene of at least one alien aircraft crash and the recovery of extraterrestrials.
(Image: Irena Scott)
In a new book, UFOs TODAY – 70 Years of Lies, Misinformation and Government Cover-Up, law enforcement officer Fogus reveals he saw a downed flying saucer and military personnel removing a number of alien bodies from the scene.
It is the first time his statement has been published.
In the interview he says he say a flying saucer crashed into the side of a river bed which was "100ft across".
(Image: Sipa)
Describing the scene he said: "When we got there, the land was covered with soldiers. They were hauling a big, a creature.
"The bodies must have been 5 feet tall.
"I saw the legs and feet on some of them. They looked like our feet.
"The skin was a brownish color…. Like they were in the sun too long.
"There were soldiers there….about 3 or 4 hundred of them.
"We seen them haul them (the bodies) out there, out of the canyon up to the trucks….puttin them on the tow trucks so they could haul them."
The story of the discovery at Roswell has become legend - and remained one of the most compelling conspiracy theories about the existence of alien visitors to Earth.
Evidence of aliens on Mars - trace fossils
Mars(Image: Getty Images)
Thanks to satellite imagery and on-site photography captured by the NASA rovers on the planet's surface, there have been many claims that aliens once inhabited Mars.
One of the most striking is the idea that fossilised remains of aliens have been preserved on the dusty surface of the red planet.
A series of pictures taken by the space agency's Curiosity rover have given rise to the idea, after researchers found what looks like fossils among the rocks.
The 'fossils' seen on Mars(Image: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS)
Barry DiGregorio, a research fellow at the University of Buckingham, believes these photos (taken on January 2, 2018) reveal "trace fossils" on the surface of Mars.
"They look remarkably similar to Ordovician trace fossils I have studied and photographed here on Earth," he said.
"If not trace fossils, what other geological explanations will NASA come up with?"
NASA described the formations as "stick-like figures" with each one "about a quarter-inch long".
The space agency used the Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) camera on board the Curiosity rover to take the close-up pictures of the patterns.
Trace fossils are the name given to remains of things left behind by creatures such as dead remains, footprints or burrows.
Evidence of aliens in space - the 'Wow' signal and FSBs
(Image: NASA/JPL-Caltech)
Some of the biggest evidence of alien life comes through signals we intercept originating from distant corners of the galaxy.
Often, these are known as "fast radio bursts" or FSBs for short.
Back in 1977, astronomer Jerry Ehman received such a strong radio signal coming in from the heavens, he wrote the word "wow!" next to his results.
The burst of activity lasted 72 seconds and - although it came from the Sagittarius constellation - it matched no known celestial object.
But now Professor Antonio Paris from the St Petersburg College in Florida believes he's solved the mystery.
"I have always been fascinated with astronomy, space and - more importantly - whether there is life in the universe," he told the Sunday Times .
"After 40 years, the Wow signal was a cold case I wanted to reopen.
According to Professor Paris, the signal came from the hydrogen cloud created by two comets as they passed by Earth.
Using celestial records, he found that these two comets were passing by our planet on August 15, 1977 - the day the "Wow!" signal was recorded. Of course, at the time, there was no knowledge that these comets even existed.
(Image: iStockphoto)
Even without the "Wow" signal, scientists have been intercepting strange FSBs for years.
Some have been detected from an object called FRB 121102 and now a new study has found that the object is nearly 100 per cent polarised.
This polarisation suggests that the source of the bursts lies within a strong magnetic field, such as around a massive black hole - and could belong to aliens.
The findings were made by the Breakthrough Listen team at the University of California, Berkley, as well as another team of astronomers from the Netherlands.
What do most people think about aliens?
(Image: Photonica)
Nearly half of humans believe that intelligent extra-terrestrial life exists elsewhere in the universe, according to a study that asked 26,000 people across 24 countries.
When they were asked if they believed in the "existence of intelligent alien civilisations in the universe," 47% of the survey respondents said yes.
However, when those taking the survey were asked if they believed in "some form of life on other planets," 61% said yes.
Among those who reckon we aren't alone, 60% said we should try and communicate with aliens - something that is actually being attempted at the non profit Search for extra-terrestrial intelligence (SETI) Institute.
Martijn Lampert, research director at Glocalities , which carried out the survey, commented: "People who believe in the existence of intelligent alien civilizations are not a marginal minority, but constitute a large (47%) and distinct segment of unconventional and anti-authoritarian thinkers with a passion for science, technology, culture, politics and the arts."
Only a quarter of respondents said they didn't believe that alien life exists beyond Earth's borders.
Are aliens real?
Some people have been searching for aliens for years...(Image: 2016 Fox)
We may not have come into contact with them yet, but it seems certain that some form of live exists beyond our planet.
Whether that live is micro bacterial or intelligent in its own right remains to be seen.
What's for sure is that human beings won't stop trying to reach out and communicate with any other species that might be listening. The truth is out there.
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Three chances for humanity to find life outside the Earth
Three chances for humanity to find life outside the Earth
Since the first people sent their views to the sky, to planets, stars and galaxies outside our native world, our imagination filled the possibility of finding extraterrestrial life. However, when we approach this issue from a scientific point of view, we still do not have the first convincing confirmation of life outside the Earth. The complex, diverse forms of life that we see on Earth are the result of more than four billion years of evolution, but in space, the ingredients for life are very often. We began to find organic molecules throughout our solar system, interstellar space and even other stars. How long will it take before we receive confirmation of the existence of something living beyond the Earth? Today we search through four main methods. Which one will justify itself first – nobody knows this yet.
To have a life, you need the fundamental ingredients that are necessary for life processes: raw materials from the periodic table. To do this, it is necessary that lived and died several generations of stars that have overtaken their nuclear fuel. We found stars with solid planets at their side, which are seven billion years older than Earth and have all the elements necessary for life. We found planets of terrestrial type in potentially inhabited zones of other stars throughout the galaxy. We found organic molecules, from sugars and amino acids to ethyl formate, which gives raspberry its smell, everywhere, from asteroids and young stars to protoplanetary disks and molecular gas clouds.
In general, we believe that in our Milky Way galaxy there are more than a trillion (1012) planets, and hence chances for life. But between the planets with the ingredients and the real, good life of extraterrestrials there is a huge difference. We do not know yet whether there are any other examples of life in the universe other than those we saw on Earth. Although scientists strongly suspect that if all the same ingredients and identical laws of nature exist throughout the universe, the uniqueness of life on Earth is extremely unlikely, we have no right to draw such a conclusion without foundation. In fact, we do not even know the answer to the question: how did we come from living things to the living?
Our existence proves that this is possible. We can assume that if life appears anywhere in the universe, it can reach three different levels:
– Life begins on the planet, but can not exist, prosper or change – Life is thriving, held and preserved for billions of years, making significant changes in the properties of the surface of the world on which it lives – Life becomes intelligent, technologically advanced and either tries to communicate with the cosmos, or to subdue it, or both
Obviously, more advanced opportunities are more pleasing to us and excite the mind, but they are less likely. However, sometimes the rarest things are easiest to find, because they will stand out against the background of everything else. Here are a few different methods that we can use to search for a variety of life forms. Three chances for humanity to find life outside the Earth.
Search in the Solar System
Although life has flourished on Earth for billions of years, other worlds seem to lack such splendor. If there is life on them, it must have hung in a primitive state. Mars and Venus had a moist, warm past, like the Earth, but today Mars is cold and deserted, and Venus is poisonous and hot. The meteorites that fall to Earth contain not only the amino acids necessary for life processes, but also many other elements not related to biological processes on Earth. The moons like Europe and Enceladus have subsurface oceans with liquid water, in which there may be hydrothermal vents. At the bottom of the oceans of the Earth they are usually associated with life.
Although we have not found any evidence of the existence of living beings, past or present, on another world, the possibility of such an indescribable excitement. On Mars there are sedimentary rocks formed by the water past; will we find fossils when we dare to unearth them? On Europe and Enceladus there can be entire oceans open for research; will we find germs or something better in their waters? There is even the assumption that diatoms, examples of primitive forms of life that are found in fragments of meteorites, can have extraterrestrial origin. This is the least developed form of life from all that we can imagine, but at our disposal there are many worlds that we can physically get, visit, measure. If a primitive, simple life is everywhere, a thorough exploration of our solar system will reveal this to us.
Search on other exoplanets
Over the past 25 years, the field of exoplanetary science has given scientists a whole treasure trove of precious discoveries, thousands of planets in orbits of other stars. Many of these worlds are small, solid and are at the correct distance from their stars, which allows them to admit the presence of atmospheres and liquid water on the surface. We can not find individual microbes or fossils on them directly, because they are outside the solar system, but there are indirect methods that we could use to find life that survived and prospered: the search for changes that bring life into our atmosphere planet.
The Earth is the only known planet with such a ratio of molecular oxygen: 21% of our atmosphere is O2. Why did this happen? Life had billions of years to feed the atmosphere with its biological waste. We think that oxygen is necessary for life, but in fact, these animals evolved to use this ingredient, to find its use. As our technology improves, we will be able to measure the molecular signatures of exoplanetary atmospheres and perhaps even directly visualize exoplanets in search of clouds, oceans, seasons and continental greens. We have every reason to believe that a stable life on another planet, if we look for it correctly, should appear to us already in this century.
Search for signals of intelligent aliens
Here, on Earth, we had a unicellular life for billions of years, and then multicellular organisms developed. It took 500 million years since the Cambrian explosion, so that a complex, multicellular, well-differentiated life became a reasonable, technologically advanced civilization. People have already started sending signals to the stars and have already reached the point where these signals were to reach the nearest stars. The search for extraterrestrial life with an attempt to communicate with it is a high-risk, but at the same time, effective method of searching for aliens.
In the 1960s, we assumed that aliens would try to communicate using radio waves. It’s been 50 years, and we are not so sure about it. What alien types of signals can exist in nature? How do we decrypt them? How will they transmit or receive interstellar signals? Will they conquer outer space? Will they be able to overcome giant distances? Everything is possible. If the signal – or, better yet, the spacecraft – will fly to Earth, our view of the universe will completely change, just like our place in this universe.
Although at the moment this is just a hypothesis, scientists suggest that life in the universe is probably widespread, and the ingredients and opportunities for its emergence are found almost everywhere. Life that thrives and sustains itself on the planet, and also changes the atmospheric composition, will be less likely. Complex multicellular life will be even more rare. And the birth of a technologically advanced, intelligent civilization will be so incredible that it will not have a second chance. However, whatever the odds, we will continue to look. We do not have many options yet. And no matter which method shoots first, the day of the discovery of another life will be the greatest day in the history of life on Earth.
Who Or How Were Earth’s Ancient Structures Built? Ancient Aliens or Forgotten Technology? … Or Both?
Who Or How Were Earth’s Ancient Structures Built? Ancient Aliens or Forgotten Technology? … Or Both?
Exactly how were the great pyramids in Egypt and Mexico built?
How were the famous Inca & Mayan stones squashed into each other?
How was the great stones of Stonehenge placed high on top of each other?
These questions and many more have fascinated people for centuries. Not only are they structures which were built during periods where technology was supposed to be very basic but the more we learn about them the more they baffle us.
For example, the Sphinx and the Pyramids in Egypt are thought to be older than what we are being told. Geologists say that weathering patterns on the Sphinx show rain damage which puts the building date of the Sphinx well past the date of the Egyptians we are lead to believe were responsible for building it.
The pyramids themselves hold many mysteries, much of it appears as scientific code. The layout of the pyramids in Giza are an exact copy of the stars in the Orion’s Belt constellation. Spread out over miles of Egypt’s land the smaller pyramids also line up with the stars of the same constellation. Is Egypt a star map of where our ancestors came from?
More interesting is the coordinates of the pyramids at Giza in Egypt . Their coordinates are 29.9792458 degrees North and what is the speed of light in a vacuum? 299.792,458 metres per second. Coincidence or planned as a message to modern man?
However it should be mentioned that modern latitude is set so that the prime meridian goes through Greenwich England which did not exist at the time the pyramids were built so whatever system they would have used would not have been this one… unless… they were time travellers and knew what system would be in place several thousand years later. Now that would blow the socks of modern man if that were true!
The pyramids are also mentioned on an ancient Sumerian tablet. The Sumerians were in Egypt thousands of years before the ancient Egyptians who are believed to be responsible for building them. This ages them thousands of years more than what is publicly believed.
The Great pyramid hasn’t dropped more than a feet yet the weight of the structure is immense. Modern skyscrapers are designed to drop more once built. The blocks of stone that the pyramids are made from are huge and weigh so much that even modern cranes would struggle to move them. As far as we know there were no modern cranes around.
So how were they built? How were the big stones of Stonehenge lifted? Were there aliens involved in the construction? Was alien technology used? Was there an Atlantis type super race of ancient humans building these structures or did basic man know more about physics than we believe.
The Mayans, Egyptians and Incas are all supposed to have cosmology knowledge and understanding which far surpassed that of which we believe they should have so did they have a better understanding of quantum physics and the little known vibrational physics than we first thought?
The reason I say vibrational physics is that there is a story of a Swedish dr who went to Tibet in 1939 to visit the Dalai Lama. It is said that while he was there the monks were building a high wall using heavy stones. The story goes that he observed the monks lifting up the heavy stones by levitating them using sound.
The monks set up drums and horns in an arc shape a certain distance away from the stones and then began to make sounds which lifted up the heavy stones and they were then pushed into place. Meditation and Eastern philosophies put a lot of emphasis on sound. Especially the Ohm sound which is the Universal vibration rate sound.
Did our forefathers know something that we are just beginning to understand? Was this kept a secret from us?
The Swedish doctor apparently recorded this on film but the film was confiscated from him by British authorities and never seen again. Funny that?
We know about the law of attraction, things which vibrate with the same or similar frequency are drawn to each other like magnets. We have seen what some metals do when they are near magnets but everything has a vibration and a specific rate so that means that everything can be lifted up like a magnet if you hit the right frequency.
Acoustic Levitation in Egypt – Ancient High Technology
Alien abductees talk about being lifted up out of houses. Do aliens know something about acoustic levitation or vibrational physics? Did they give that knowledge to us years ago and has been kept secret by those in the know or did ancient man know about it but it somehow got forgotten about? Maybe it was lost when modern style governments were formed and knew that there would be no profit or tax in construction if everyone had access to this knowledge.
If you are not sure whether you have been abducted by aliens then use this checklist here to find out:
Another puzzling ancient mystery is the stone walls in south and central America. They have been cut and shaped to fit so tight and snug that even to this day people cannot slide pieces of paper between them.
They are also oddly shaped which is interesting. What people do not know is that how they were carved and made. There have been stories and theories that say that the Ancient Mayan and Incan builders were able to soften the stones and mold them into position.
Megalithic Softening of Stone Part 1
A very old story spoke about how an explorer discovered that a mixture made from plants which were found in central America would somehow soften the stone which was then pushed and molded into shape. How true this is no one knows.
What is interesting is that there are very little scratch and tooling marks to see. We do have thousands of years of weathering so the smallest marks might have been eroded but the stone work across central and south America is pretty impressive.
Maybe the stone was an ancient version of concrete and were molded and fashioned into shapes. This is another theory being put forward today.
What do you think? Were our ancestors smarter than we give them credit for using technology we no longer use or were these impressive structures built by or with the help of Ancient Aliens?
Click the nav button below to read all about the mysterious Bosnian Pyramids.
A lot can happen in a second; you could meet a stranger, snap your fingers, fall in love, fall asleep, sneeze. But what is a second, really — and is it as precise as we think it is?
Right now, the most-precise clocks used to tell global time have an error of about 1 second every 300 million years — so a clock that started ticking in the time of the dinosaurs wouldn't be off by even a second today. But scientists think we can do better. [The 18 Biggest Unsolved Mysteries in Physics]
So, they are looking to lutetium, a neglected rare-earth element that has been gathering dust at the bottom of the periodic table, according to a new study published April 25 in the journal Nature Communications.
Why is one second 1 second long?
In the olden days, a second was defined as a fraction (1/86400) of the average solar day, the 24-hour rotation of the Earth around its axis. But the rotation of the Earth can vary slightly, so scientists decided to stop scanning the heavens to calibrate our clocks and scaled things way down — to the level of atoms, the invisible building blocks of matter.
In 1967, the International Committee for Weights and Measures defined the second as the amount of time it takes for a cesium atom to absorb enough energy to be excited — that is, for its electrons to jump from one energy state to the next. For this to happen, the atom must be pulsed with exactly 9,192,631,770 cycles of microwave radiation.
Researchers John P. Lowe, Robert E. Drullinger, and project leader, David J. Glaze (from left to right) stand next to a cesium atom clock they developed called NIST-7. Housed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, this clock was responsible for keeping time in the U.S. from 1993 to 1999, but has since been replaced by more accurate cesium clocks.
Credit: National Institute of Standards and Technology
Though that number might seem random, it comes from measuring the frequency of microwaves needed to excite the cesium atoms in the average of the earlier definition of 1 second. These measurements were taken over a span of nearly three years, Scientific American reported.
Currently, hundreds of cesium atomic clocks are responsible for keeping global time and controlling GPS navigation. But in the past decade, another generation of atomic clocks has emerged, called "optical clocks," and they are 100 times more precise than the cesium variety. The new clocks work in the exact same way as the cesium ones, except they use atoms such as aluminum or ytterbium that get excited by higher frequencies of visible light (hence the name "optical") rather than the slower microwaves. This higher frequency adds more data points to the definition of a "second," making the measurement more precise. [7 Strange Facts About Quarks]
To understand this, imagine the different types of clocks as a pair of rulers, said Murray Barrett, an associate physics professor at the National University of Singapore and the lead author of the new study. If the older, "cesium" ruler measures a line that's 20 centimeters (7.9 inches) long, the more precise, "optical" ruler can measure the line also as, for example, 200 millimeters.
While optical clocks are very precise , getting them to run for a very long period of time and to remain stable in their environments can be problematic, Barrett said. A room's temperature can change the electromagnetic fields acting on the atoms, which in turn can skew the time measurement, Barrett said. So, the cesium clocks are still "much more reliable in their implementation than [the new] optical clocks," Barrett told Live Science.
Making less sensitive atomic clocks
In their new study, Barrett and his team found that a lutetium ion is less sensitive to changes in environmental temperature than are any other elements used for optical clocks, making it a strong candidate to serve as master time keeper.
Lutetium atoms can also help compensate for another problem affecting time measurement, the team found. Because the atoms used in these clocks are charged, they slightly wiggle back and forth in response to the electromagnetic fields created by the waves (visible light, microwaves, etc.) — and this can skew the time measurement. Scientists call this rapid backward and forward movement a "micromotion shift."
Because scientists must compensate for this shift, it's really difficult to develop atomic clocks with more than one ion — which would make such clocks more practical, Barrett said. But the team found that they could use a natural property in a certain type of lutetium ion to cancel out these "micromotion shifts."
However, this comes at a cost: Those atoms became more sensitive to the temperature of the room. That trade-off might limit the impact of the new finding, and the atom lutetium might not be a "real game changer," said Jérôme Lodewyck, a physicist at the Paris Observatory who was not part of the study.
But, this "high-quality work" adds another possible atomic species to the long list of timekeeper candidates that is a "wealth for metrologists" looking to compare different clocks, Lodewyck said. [What's That? Your Physics Questions Answered]
Beyond telling time
Though Barrett said lutetium "is extremely promising," he doesn't think there's a big rush to redefine the second using optical clocks, as cesium clocks do just fine at things like getting us where we need to go.
But highly precise optical clocks might allow for new applications "that would simply not be possible with our current technology," Barrett said.
For example, clocks are sensitive to where they sit in the world, because time is distorted by gravity, according to Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity. Right now, atomic clocks on Earth can't detect the miniscule time-warping that occurs due to Earth's gravity. But if researchers could place highly precise optical clocks around the world, that setup could help researchers map out the gravitational field of our planet, Barrett said.
Further, highly precise atomic clocks could detect matter and energy we may not yet be able to see, Lodewyck said. That could include dark matter, which exerts a gravitational pull yet does not interact with ordinary light, and dark energy, the mysterious force that seems to be accelerating the expansion of the universe, he said.
Here's how it might work: If you know the frequency needed to excite some atoms in the time frame of a second, you could use these various clocks around the world to detect any differences beyond what you would normally expect. There are "some theories that say dark matter is around us, so if we cross a chunk of dark matter, this would perturb the clock," Lodewyck told Live Science.
There may even be applications we can't think of right now, Barrett said. "Certainly, when we first started developing clocks for the purpose of ship navigation, we never imagined the idea of somebody being able to walk around and know exactly where they are in a big city."
VIDEO. Alan Bean, le quatrième homme à avoir marché sur la Lune, est mort
VIDEO. Alan Bean, le quatrième homme à avoir marché sur la Lune, est mort
DECES Il a effectué deux missions dans l'espace, dont Apollo 12 en 1969...
NASA/Shutterstock/SIPA
Il avait été précédé par Neil Amstrong, Buzz Aldrin et Pete Conrad. L’astronaute Alan Bean, le quatrième homme à avoir marché sur la Lune, est mort samedi dans le sud des Etats-Unis après être brusquement tombé malade quelques semaines auparavant, a annoncé sa famille dans un communiqué diffusé par la Nasa.
NASA✔@NASA
We remember Apollo 12 astronaut Alan Bean, who walked on the Moon in 1969, commanded the second Skylab crew in 1973 and went on in retirement to paint the remarkable worlds and sights he had seen like no other artist.
Cet ancien pilote d’essai dans la Marine américaine, devenu peintre après avoir quitté en 1981, pour prendre sa retraite, l’agence spatiale américaine, s’est éteint à Houston, au Texas, à l’âge de 86 ans (il est né le 15 mars 1932 à Wheeler, également au Texas).
« Tout artiste a la Terre, et je suis le premier à avoir aussi la Lune »
Alan Bean s’est aventuré pour la première fois dans l’espace en 1969 pour la mission Apollo 12, à l’occasion de laquelle il a marché sur la Lune. Quatre ans plus tard, il est retourné dans l’espace en tant que commandant du deuxième équipage à se rendre à bord de Skylab, la première station spatiale américaine. C’est alors qu’il établit un nouveau record pour l’époque de durée de vol hors de l’atmosphère, avec plus de 59 jours et 24.400.000 milles (39.268.000 km).
Alan Bean est mort. Il a marché sur la Lune dès son 1er vol, puis a volé sur Skylab avant d'être connu pour ses peintures spatiales. C'était un des rares à avoir parlé de la peur qu'il a pu ressentir dans l'espace. Bon voyage. Il ne reste que 4 "moonwalkers" encore vivant...
« Tout artiste a la Terre ou son imagination pour inspirer ses peintures », avait expliqué en 1994 au New York Times celui qui s’était mis à reprendre dans ses œuvres des thèmes liés à la conquête spatiale. Avant d’ajouter : « J’ai la Terre et mon imagination, et je suis le premier à avoir aussi la Lune ».
NOT LIKE THE OTHERS Many asteroids share Jupiter’s orbit (illustrated, not to scale). Most asteroids travel in the same direction around the sun as the planet. But there’s one moving in reverse, which could indicate it came from outside the solar system.
JPL-CALTECH/NASA
An asteroid that flouts the norms of the solar system might not be from around here.
The renegade asteroid travels around the sun in reverse — in the opposite direction of the planets and most other asteroids (SN: 5/13/17, p. 5). Now two scientists suggest that’s because the space rock originated from outside the solar system, according to a paper published May 21 in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters.
Astronomers Fathi Namouni of the Côte d’Azur Observatory in Nice, France, and Helena Morais of Universidade Estadual Paulista in Rio Claro, Brazil, used computer simulations to show that the asteroid, which shares its orbit with Jupiter, could have been traveling in reverse ever since the solar system’s youth. Because asteroids in the infant solar system formed from one swirling cloud, they should have all been traveling in the same direction. So the best explanation, the duo suggests, is that the rock, known as 2015 BZ509, migrated here from another star’s planetary system.
ON THE MOVE The asteroid 2015 BZ509 (circled), which orbits the sun in reverse, is shown surrounded by stars (larger black spots) in two sets of images taken by the Large Binocular Telescope near Safford, Ariz.
C. VEILLET/LARGE BINOCULAR TELESCOPE OBSERVATORY
In 2017 astronomers spotted the first interstellar asteroid, dubbed ‘Oumuamua, which cruised through the solar system and back out again (SN Online: 12/1/17). Asteroid 2015 BZ509, however, appears to be a long-term inhabitant.
“It’s certainly an interesting possibility,” says astronomer Martin Connors of Athabasca University in Canada. But, he says, the study doesn’t nail down whether the asteroid actually came from outside the solar system.
Such asteroids are faint and hard to get information from, Connors says. “There isn’t really a blazing sign saying, ‘Hey, I’m not from here.’ ”
A new study concludes that a large, as-yet-unknown Planet Nine – an estimated 4 times the size of Earth and 10 times its mass – is influencing the behavior of an oddball object in the outer solar system.
Diagram depicting the orbit of 2015 BP519 (Caju), which has the highest inclination of any extreme trans-Neptunian object discovered to date. Its unusual perpendicular orbit may be evidence for Planet Nine.
Is there a ninth major planet lurking in the outer reaches of our solar system? This question has become one of the most hotly debated in planetary science. The idea of a large, unknown Planet Nine residing so far from the sun that it hasn’t yet been discovered is certainly tantalizing. So far, there’ve been hints as to its existence, but no confirmation yet. We might be getting closer to finding it, however. Last week, an international team of researchers presented additional evidence, detailed in a new study, suggesting that Planet Nine is influencing the behavior of an oddball object – 2015 BP519 (aka Caju) – in the outer solar system.
Astronomers at Caltech had previously calculated the likely existence of a large ninth planet (sorry, Pluto) in the outer fringes of the solar system, based on the orbits of smaller icy objects. Their orbits were being perturbed by the gravitational influence of … something.
According to the astronomers’ calculations, the as-yet-undiscovered planet should be about four times the size of Earth and 10 times its mass. That would make it similar to super-Earth exoplanets found orbiting other stars. And that would be interesting, since many super-Earths have now been discovered, although there were none to be seen in our own solar system. But maybe there is one after all, so far from the sun that it has remained hidden.
Such a discovery would be very exciting, since super-Earths are larger than Earth but smaller than Uranus or Neptune, different from anything else in our solar system. If a large Planet Nine is there, it is very far away, much farther than Pluto. If it exists, it likely takes about 10,000 to 20,000 years to complete one orbit around the sun.
Planet Nine may be a super-Earth, a type of exoplanet found orbiting many stars. They are rocky and larger than Earth, but smaller than Uranus or Neptune.
Image via NASA/JPL.
Astronomers first discovered 2015 BP519 (Caju) three years ago. It is a trans-Neptunian object (TNO), which, generally speaking, are minor planets orbiting the sun beyond the orbit of Neptune. Caju is one of only a dozen or so known objects that are categorized as extreme trans-Neptunian objects (ETNOs). Such objects have a semi-major axis greater than 150 astronomical units (AU) and a perihelion – closest point to the sun – greater than 30 AU. Caju’s estimated diameter is 248-434 miles (400-700 km), making it a potential dwarf planet. So it is a very interesting object.
What’s more, since its discovery, further analysis has shown that Caju has an unusual orbit, which lies almost perpendicular to all the known planets. In fact, Caju has the highest inclination of any TNO discovered so far.
Amazingly, just such an object had been predicted by computer models performed by the team searching for Planet Nine. Caltech astronomer Mike Brown, who wasn’t part of the new study, but who is active in Planet Nine research, told PopSci.com on May 22, 2018:
I’m pretty excited about the new object. It is the predicted link between the very distant elongated orbits that we’ve known about and the much closer tilted orbits that we’ve seen.
Thus Caju adds to a growing body of evidence for the elusive Planet Nine, which – if really there – still remains out of sight for astronomers. Astronomer Konstantin Batygin – who, along with Brown, first gave Planet Nine a name, size and distance – told Space.com on May 21 that, as of October 2017, there were at least five lines of evidence pointing to Planet Nine’s existence. Earlier, in 2017, astronomers had found evidence that 22 other TNOs seemed to have their orbits perturbed by another large unseen planet. Batygin said:
If you were to remove this explanation and imagine Planet Nine does not exist, then you generate more problems than you solve. All of a sudden, you have five different puzzles, and you must come up with five different theories to explain them.
Illustration showing the hypothesized orbit of Planet Nine along with the known orbits of several TNOs.
Image via R. Hurt/JPL-Caltech.
Bottom line: While Planet Nine still hasn’t been confirmed, the evidence is growing that just maybe, an as-yet-unseen large planet does indeed prowl the desolate outer fringes of our solar system.
US Intelligence Indirectly Confirms Existence of Russia's Hypersonic Weapons
US Intelligence Indirectly Confirms Existence of Russia's Hypersonic Weapons
Sources with direct knowledge of US intelligence reports say Russia is on the brink of developing a maneuverable, hypersonic nuclear-capable glider warhead that no US system can defeat.
The sources, speaking to CNBC on condition of anonymity, reported that Russia tested a nuclear-capable hypersonic glide vehicle (presumably the Avangard) twice in 2016, and again in 2017. The 2017 test was a failure, according to the sources. A fourth test is expected sometime this summer.
Citing an intelligence report, a source said the hypersonic glider's testing involved mounting it to an RS-18A intercontinental ballistic missile (NATO reporting name SS-19).
US intelligence says the vehicle is highly maneuverable, and thus unpredictable and hard to track. It is also fitted with onboard countermeasures, which no existing US missile-defense system can defeat. Furthermore, although it can carry a warhead, it is believed that the force of the glider's impact, as well as its precision, may be enough to destroy targets.
The intelligence reports, allegedly created this past spring, calculate that the Avangard will likely be operational by 2020, according to CNBC's sources.
The news site doesn't specify whether the reports were released before or after President Putin's unveiling of of cutting-edge new Russian missile systems in a speech to lawmakers on March 1. Putin confirmed the existence of a hypersonic glider, dubbed the Avangard, as well as the Kinzhal air-launched hypersonic missile, an unnamed nuclear-powered cruise missile, and an unnamed sub-launched nuclear-powered submersible drone.
Putin said these systems, which are nearly operational, were aimed at guaranteeing Russian security amid the US withdrawal from the ABM Treaty, and NATO's continual expansion along Russia's western borders. The Kinzhal hypersonic missile appeared at the 2018 Victory Day parade in Moscow.
In late March, Strategic Command commander Gen. John Hyten told Congress that there was nothing in the Pentagon's arsenal capable of stopping Russia's new hypersonic weapons. Hyten confirmed that the United States was watching both Russia and China's hypersonic capabilities closely.
On Tuesday, President Putin confirmed that 14 missile regiments would receive the new Yars ICBM system to replace the Topol before the end of the year. The Aerospace Forces will also get upgraded Tu-95MS and Tu-160 missile-carrying bombers armed with Kh-101 and Kh-102 long-range conventional and nuclear missiles, according to the president. Putin also urged the defense sector to prepare for the manufacture of the new S-500 anti-ballistic missile system, assumed to be capable of intercepting targets, including satellites, in near space. The new equipment is set to arrive despite a 20 percent cut in Russia's defense spending between 2016 and 2017, from about $65.4 billion, to about $48 billion per year.
The US is engaged in its own military modernization, with nuclear modernization alone expected to cost some $1.2 trillion through to 2046. President Trump proposed increasing the 2019 fiscal year budget to $681.1 billion.
Zealous Ufologist Says Extraterrestrials are Sabotaging Nukes to Stop Apocalypse
Zealous Ufologist Says Extraterrestrials are Sabotaging Nukes to Stop Apocalypse
Conspiracy theorists have long suspected that the world’s governments are managing secret extraterrestrial projects, and last December’s report on the Pentagon’s black budget study of UFOs fanned the flames of conspiracy.
A ufologist, who preferred to remain anonymous, took to the website Alien Revelations to claim that aliens are seeking to stop humans from using nuclear weapons, “because we simply cannot be trusted with such massive power.”
The author recalled former US Air Force Lieutenant Bob Jacobs’ interview on the Larry King show a few years ago when he claimed that his superiors had warned him to remain silent about having seen a UFO at the Vandenberg Air Force Base.
His seniors, however, were not as excited about the alleged sighting of an unidentified flying object, saying “this didn’t happen,” but many ufologists say UFO encounters often occur around nuclear bases.
According to another website, Collective-Evolution, a similar incident happened at the Malmstrom Air Force Base.
“This occurred in March of 1967 at a base that was responsible for a large amount of nuclear weapons. Witnesses here saw a red, glowing UFO hovering just outside the front gate. After that happened, all of the nuclear missiles shut down, and went completely dead.”
The ufologist said it wouldn’t be “surprising” if extraterrestrials were trying to prevent the apocalypse by creating obstacles for human nuclear experiments.
“We observed the UFOs were very interested in the nuclear weapons manufacturing facilities. A couple of nuclear weapons that were sent out into space were destroyed by the extraterrestrials. At the very end of the 70s and early 80s, we attempted to put a nuclear weapon on the moon and explode it for scientific measurements. They destroyed the weapon before it got to the moon.”
Despite all theories, NASA has always denied the existence of alien life.
“The only life we know about is on Earth. NASA is always looking for life out there, and when we find it, we will tell you,” Paul Hertz, Astrophysics Division at NASA Headquarters in Washington, stated last year.
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Ufoloog zegt dat buitenaardsen kernwapens saboteren om apocalyps te voorkomen. Heeft hij gelijk?
Ufoloog zegt dat buitenaardsen kernwapens saboteren om apocalyps te voorkomen. Heeft hij gelijk?
Complottheoretici vermoeden al heel lang dat overheden in het geheim onderzoek doen naar buitenaards leven. In december vorig jaar kregen ze gelijk, toen bleek dat het Pentagon een geheim UFO-project runde.
Een ufoloog heeft nu op de website Alien Revelations geclaimd dat aliens proberen te voorkomen dat mensen kernwapens gebruiken, schrijft persbureau Sputnik.
De auteur verwees naar een interview met luchtmachtluitenant Bob Jacobs tijdens de show van Larry King enkele jaren geleden waarin hij zei dat hij van zijn bazen opdracht had gekregen om zijn mond te houden over een UFO die hij had gezien vanaf vliegbasis Vandenberg.
Uitgeschakeld
“Dit is nooit gebeurd,” zeiden ze, maar volgens veel ufologen worden er vaak UFO’s waargenomen in de buurt van kernbases.
De website Collective Evolution verwijst naar een incident op Malmstrom Air Force Base, waar in maart 1967 een rode UFO boven de ingang verscheen.
Kort daarop werden alle kernkoppen uitgeschakeld en waren ze niet meer inzetbaar, verklaarde officier Robert Salas, die op dat moment op de basis was gestationeerd.
Apocalyps
De ufoloog zei dat hij niet verbaasd zou zijn als bleek dat buitenaardsen de apocalyps proberen te voorkomen door mensen ervan te weerhouden kernwapens in te zetten.
“De UFO’s waren zeer geïnteresseerd in plekken waar kernwapens werden gemaakt,” klonk het. “Kernwapens die de ruimte zijn ingeschoten, zijn vernietigd door buitenaardsen.”
Maan
“In de jaren zeven en tachtig probeerden we een kernproef te doen op de maan,” vervolgde hij. “Ze vernietigden het wapen voordat het de maan kon bereiken.”
NASA heeft het bestaan van buitenaards leven altijd ontkend.
One of the biggest stories in UFO research over the last year has been the revelation that the Pentagon has recently been funding recent research in anomalous aerial phenomena to the tune of $22 million a year. Claims of government involvement in UFO research are nothing new in ufology circles, but the scope of the publicly-acknowledged program and the accompanying allegedly declassified videos of military vehicles tracking strange, incredibly agile objects in the sky were enough to make some skeptics wonder if indeed the government might know a lot more about unidentified aerial phenomena than they let on.
The U.S. government’s interest might not just stop at aerial phenomena, however. A new trove of documents obtained by KLAS-TV in Las Vegas seem to reveal that the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) has conducted extensive research in fringe science, touching upon phenomena usually only discussed in paranormal circles. The report, titled “Warp Drive, Dark Energy, and the Manipulation of Extra Dimensions,” seems to indicate that the defense industry might indeed have a keen interest in the higher mysterious of our physical reality itself. Does their interest stop at theoretical research, or could the U.S. military actually be manipulating the fabric of space time?
Probably not yet, especially given recent tests of the supposed EM Drive warp engine. The report does seem to suggest that the DIA’s interest in these topics all center around the explore reach far corners of interstellar space:
The idea that а sufficiently advanced technology may interact with, and acquire direct control over, the higher dimensions is а tantalizing possibility, and one that is most certainly worthy of deeper iпvestigation. Control of this higher dimeпsional space may bе а source of technological control оvег the dark energy density and could ultimately play а role in the development of exotic pгopulsion technologies; specifically, а warp drive.
Exactly why the DIA is interested in space travel is unknown. The report ultimately doesn’t reveal any black budget secret research projects into space-time-bending technologies, but does suggest that the military-industrial complex is tantalized by several current developments in quantum physics:
Of course, this may not bе actualized until many years in the future, but consider the many spectacular physical phenomena that are believed to bе true at this early point in the 21st century. One also believes that the universe may not consist of the three spatial dimension of length, breadth, width, and one of time, but that, in fact, there mау bе as many as seven additional compactified dimensions assuming the topology of а Calabi-Yau manifold, апd that the fundamental building blocks of the universe are, in fact, extended string-like entities.
In science fiction, it’s often the military who accidentally opens a dimensional rift in an attempt to travel to a far away star system, allowing untold horrors to pour through into our plane. Does this report such an incident might be in our near future? While it might sound fantastic, the report concludes with the sentiment that “it seems entirely possible that the creative minds of the future may indeed find ways to accomplish what, to us, may seem like magic.” Make your peace with the Great Old Ones now before it’s too late. Ph’nglui mglw’nafh Cthulhu R’lyeh wgah’nagl fhtagn.
Just recently I wrote an article titled “A factual object of very unusual nature.” It served to demonstrate that, contrary to what some have said, the U.S. Freedom of Information Act has led to the release of genuinely intriguing UFO reports. It’s certainly not the case that all the “good” reports remain hidden behind closed doors. Yes, many probably do remain classified. But, that does not take away the fact that there are some fascinating, once-classified, files on UFOs in the public domain. Today, I’m focusing on some of the files that the British Government declassified back in the 1980s. They too demonstrate – to an amazing degree – that at times government agencies are prepared to reveal to us accounts of a very extraordinary type.
In September 1952, a notable UFO encounter occurred at Royal Air Force Topcliffe, a military base in Yorkshire, England. One of the witnesses, Flight Lieutenant John Kilburn, said of the incident: “Sir, I have the honor to report the following incident which I witnessed on Friday, 19th September, 1952. I was standing with four other aircrew personnel of No. 269 Squadron watching a Meteor fighter gradually descending. The Meteor was at approximately 5000 feet and approaching from the east. [Flight Officer R.N.] Paris suddenly noticed a white object in the sky at a height between ten and twenty thousand feet some five miles astern of the Meteor.”
Raptors
“The object was silver in color and circular in shape, it appeared to be traveling at a much slower speed than the Meteor but was on a similar course. It maintained the slow forward speed for a few seconds before commencing to descend, swinging in a pendular motion during descent similar to a falling sycamore leaf…After a few seconds, the object stopped its pendulous motion and its descent and began to rotate about its own axis.
“Suddenly it accelerated at an incredible speed towards the west turning onto a south-easterly heading before disappearing. All this occurred in a matter of fifteen to twenty seconds. The movements of the object were not identifiable with anything I have seen in the air and the rate of acceleration was unbelievable.”
Five years later, specifically on March 26, 1957, there was yet another amazing encounter. And again the U.K. Government handed over the files to ufologists – and with not a hassle in sight. The document states in part: “A report was received from Royal Air Force Church Lawford on 26th March, 1957 of a sighting of an unusual nature. The object moved at a speed timed at exceeding 1400mph. This in itself was unusual as the object had accelerated to this speed from a stationary position. No explanation has yet been found for this sighting but a supplementary report, including a copy of the radar plot, was requested and has been received from Church Lawford this afternoon.”
A little more than a week later, there was yet another incredible encounter. April 4, 1957 was the date on which an extraordinary wave of UFO activity occurred in Scotland, much of it involving the staff of a military facility called Royal Air Force West Freugh. Nothing less than a squadron of huge, unknown aircraft were recorded flying in the U.K.’s airspace. The Air Ministry ruled out a convention explanation. Instead, as the now-declassified files show, the Air Ministry was of the opinion that…
Typhoon FGR4
“It is deduced from these reports that altogether five objects were detected by the three radars. Nothing can be said of physical construction except that they must have been either of considerable size or else constructed to be especially good reflectors. There were not known to be any aircraft in the vicinity nor were there any meteorological balloons. Even if balloons had been in the area these would not account for the sudden change of direction and the movement at high speed against the prevailing wind.The incident was due to the presence of five reflecting objects of unknown type and origin. It is considered unlikely that they were conventional aircraft, meteorological balloons or charged clouds.”
Of course, this is an extraordinary revelation. And when the files were declassified back in the late 1980s, more than a few U.K. ufologists were surprised by the government’s decision to release them, particularly given the fact that their content practically screamed out that UFOs were real.
If anyone ever tells you that governments always hold back all the “good stuff,” you can tell them they’re wrong.
Skywatcher Films Rare Red Sprites In The Sky Above Oklahoma
Skywatcher Films Rare Red Sprites In The Sky Above Oklahoma
Paul Smith captured images of a rare sky phenomenon called red sprites in Oklahoma, on May 24, 2018 and states: "Lots of TLEs from Oklahoma tonight and his one stands out as my best to date. 12.55am/6:55 UTC 5/24/2018 looking WNW from north Edmond, Oklahoma. It even has the blue/purple ends on the tendrils."
Credit image: Paul Smith.
Paul finds it very curious that TLEs were only first documented relatively recently - red sprites in particular, once considered rare, are now being recorded with increasing regularity.
And as storms passed by to the NW, Paul recorded another sprite lightning event up close in all it's glory. The clip really illustrates the electrical connection of the phenomena- how it flickers looks very electrical in nature to me. First is real time then slowed down 10 times.
Credit image: Paul Smith.
'TLE' stands for Transient Luminous Event, which includes upper-atmosphere electric phenomena known as sprites, jets and ELVES. These high-altitude discharges were once considered to 'possibly occur' because pilots reported seeing them, but meteorologists discounted the idea until 1989 when the first visual documentation was made in support of the claims.
Clearly, great changes are occurring on our planet. And not just on our planet.
In this image of the giant asteroid Vesta obtained by NASA's Dawn spacecraft, numerous impact craters illustrate the asteroid's violent youth.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA
Vesta is the second most massive body in the asteroid belt, surpassed only by Ceres, which is classified as a dwarf planet. The brightest asteroid in the sky, Vesta is occasionally visible from Earth with the naked eye. It is the first asteroid to be visited by a spacecraft. The Dawn mission orbited Vesta in 2011, providing new insights into this rocky world.
Celestial Police
In 1596, while determining the elliptical shape of planetary orbits, Johannes Kepler came to believe that a planet should exist in the gap between Mars and Jupiter. Mathematical calculations by Johann Daniel Titius and Johann Elert Bode in 1772 — later known as the Titius-Bode law — seemed to support this prediction. In August 1798, a group known as the Celestial Police formed to search for this missing planet. Among these was German astronomer Heinrich Olbers. Olbers discovered the second known asteroid, Pallas. In a letter to a fellow astronomer, he put forth the first theory of asteroid origin. He wrote, "Could it be that Ceres and Pallas are just a pair of fragments … of a once greater planet which at one time occupied its proper place between Mars and Jupiter?"
Olbers reasoned that the fragments of such a planet would intersect at the point of the explosion, and again in the orbit directly opposite. He observed these two areas nightly, and on March 29, 1807, discovered Vesta, becoming the first person to discover two asteroids. After measuring several nights' worth of observations, Olbers sent his calculations to mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss, who remarkably computed the orbit of Pallas in only 10 hours. As such, he was given the honor of naming the new body. He chose the name Vesta, goddess of the hearth, and sister to Ceres. [Photos: Asteroid Vesta and NASA's Dawn Spacecraft]
NASA's Dawn spacecraft obtained this image with its framing camera on July 17, 2011. It was taken from a distance of about 9,500 miles (15,000 kilometers) away from the protoplanet Vesta. Each pixel in the image corresponds to roughly 0.88 miles (1.4 kilometers)
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA
Physical characteristics of Vesta
Vesta is unique among asteroids in that it has light and dark patches on the surface, much like the moon. Ground-based observations determined that the asteroid has basaltic regions, meaning that lava once flowed across its surface. It has an irregular shape, roughly that of an oblate spheroid (in nontechnical terms, a somewhat smooshed sphere).
Diameter: 329 miles (530 kilometers)
Mass: 5.886 X 1020 lbs. (2.67 x 1020 kilograms)
Temperature: 85 to 255 K (minus 306 to 0 degrees Fahrenheit / minus 188 to minus 18 degrees Celsius)
Albedo: 0.4322
Rotation period: 5.342 hours
Orbital period: 3.63 years
Eccentricity: .0886
Aphelion: 2.57 AU
Perihelion: 2.15 AU
Closest approach to Earth: 1.14 AU
Surface, composition and formation
When Vesta made a close approach to Earth in 1996, the Hubble Space Telescope mapped its topographic surface and features. This revealed a large crater at the south pole that slices into its interior. The crater averages 460 km in diameter — remember: Vesta itself is only 530 km across. It cuts an average of 13 km into the crust, and most likely formed from an impact in the asteroid's early life. The material ejected from this collision resulted in a number of smaller — Vestoid — asteroids that orbit near their parent, as well as some of the meteorites that have crashed into Earth.
Unlike most asteroids, the interior of Vesta is differentiated. Like the terrestrial planets, the asteroid has a crust of cooled lava covering a rocky mantle and an iron and nickel core. This lends credence to the argument for naming Vesta as a protoplanet, rather than as an asteroid.
Vesta's core accreted rapidly within the first 10 million years after the formation of the solar system. The basaltic crust of Vesta also formed quickly, over the course of a few million years. Volcanic eruptions on the surface stemmed from the mantle, lasting anywhere from 8 to 60 hours. The lava flows themselves ranged from a few hundred meters to several kilometers, with a thickness between 5 to 20 meters. The lava itself cooled rapidly, only to be buried again by more lava until the crust was complete. Dawn's gravity put its core at about 18 percent of Vesta's mass, or proportionally about two-thirds as massive as Earth's core.
In fact, if it weren't for Jupiter, Vesta could have had a good chance at becoming a planet.
"In the asteroid belt, Jupiter basically stirred things up so much that they weren't able to easily accrete with one another," Dawn scientist David O'Brien, of the Planetary Science Institute in Tucson, Arizona, told reporters in 2012.
"The velocities in the asteroid belt were really high, and the higher the velocity is, the harder it is for things to merge together under their own gravity," O'Brien added.
In 1960, a fireball streaking through the sky over Millbillillie, Australia, announced the arrival of a piece of Vesta on Earth. Composed almost entirely of pyroxene, a mineral found in lava flows, the meteorite bears the same spectral signals as Vesta.
NASA's Dawn spacecraft, which visited the asteroid in 2012, discovered that the rocky body had a surprising amount of hydrogen on its surface. It also found bright, reflective regions that may have been left over from its birth.
"Our analysis finds this bright material originates from Vesta and has undergone little change since the formation of Vesta over 4 billion years ago," said Jian-Yang Li, a Dawn participating scientist at the University of Maryland, College Park, in a statement.
A massive mountain towers over Vesta's southern pole. The enormous mountain reaches up over 65,000 feet (20 kilometers) in height, making it nearly as tall as Olympus Mons, the largest mountain (and volcano) in the solar system. Olympus Mons soars about 15 miles (24 kilometers) above the surface of Mars.
"The south polar mountain is larger than the big island of Hawaii, the largest mountain on Earth, as measured from the ocean floor," Dawn principle investigator Chris Russell was reported saying at a 2011 astronomical conference. "It is almost as high as the highest mountain in the solar system, the shield volcano Olympus Mons on Mars."
Liquid water once flowed across the asteroid. Images captured by the Dawn spacecraft revealed curved gullies and fan-shaped deposits within eight different Vesta impact craters. All eight of the craters are thought to have formed within the last few hundred million years, fairly recent in the lifetime of the 4.5-billion-year-old asteroid.
"Nobody expected to find evidence of water on Vesta. The surface is very cold and there is no atmosphere, so any water on the surface evaporates," study lead author Jennifer Scully, a postgraduate researcher at UCLA, said in a NASA statement. "However, Vesta is proving to be a very interesting and complex planetary body."
Scully and her team thought the features were created by debris flows, as opposed to pure-water rivers or streams, sculpted the Vesta gullies. They proposed that meteorites bombarding the asteroid melted ice deposits beneath the surface, sending liquid water and small rocky particles flowing down the crater walls. Such activity suggests the presence of ice buried beneath the surface.
"If present today, the ice would be buried too deeply to be detected by any of Dawn's instruments," Scully said. "However, the craters with curved gullies are associated with pitted terrain, which has been independently suggested as evidence for loss of volatile gases from Vesta."
Ice could have been responsible for modifying Vesta's surface. In 2017, a study suggested that smooth patches of terrain on the asteroid frequently possessed high concentrations of hydrogen, which is often seen when solar radiation breaks down water molecules.
"We suggest that modifications of the surface by melting of buried ice could be responsible for smoothing those areas," Essam Heggy, a planetary scientist at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, told Space.com. "Buried ice could have been brought to the surface after an impact, which caused heated ice to melt and travel up through the fractures to the surface."
Dawn also observed signs of hydrated minerals (minerals containing water molecules) on Vesta's surface, which could also hint at the presence of buried ice. The hydrated materials were associated with older terrains, and could have been delivered by impacts of material from farther out in the solar system.
A low-altitude map of Vesta revealed a rich geology. The steep slopes found on the asteroid, combined with its high gravity, paves the way for rocks to roll downward, exposing other material. Dawn revealed a variety of mineral, including some bright and dark materials that could relate to potential buried ice.
On its southern side the asteroid Vesta shows a huge crater. This picture shows the asteroid in an image taken by the Hubble Space Telescope (top, left), as a reconstruction based on theoretical calculations (top, right), and as a topological map (bottom).
Credit: Ben Zellner (Georgia Southern University) / Peter Thomas (Cornell University) / NASA
Vestal visitors to Earth
In fact, Vesta's unique composition means that it is responsible for an entire group of meteorites. The HED meteorites — made up of howardites, eucrites and diogenites — tell the story of Vesta's early life. Eucrites form from hardened lava, while diogenites come from beneath the surface. Howardites are a combination of the two, formed when a large impact mixed the two sections together.
Vesta has been suspected as being the source of the HED meteorites since 1970. Dawn's mapping spectrometer verified that proposition. The Dawn team thinks the HEDs came from an impact basin named Rheasilvia, after an ancient Roman vestal virgin priestess. At 310 miles (500 kilometers) in diameter, Rheasilvia is nearly as large as Vesta itself. It most likely formed from a collision that stripped away most of the southern hemisphere's crust, revealing the asteroid's interior.
"Vesta likely came close to shattering," said Dawn principal investigator Carol Raymond, noting that the blow left concentric sets of troughs — fracture lines — around Vesta's equator.
Parallel troughs may be another sign of the enormous impact. Raymond told the Planetary Society that the presence of those troughs suggests serious damage to the asteroid's interior.
If the orbit of Vesta lies beyond Mars, how did pieces of it manage to arrive on Earth? The fragments of Vesta pass Jupiter once every three orbits around the sun, allowing the gravity of the largest planet to affect them. Such tugging could have shifted the fragments enough to cause their eventual impact with Earth.
As a result, Vesta is one of three bodies from which scientists have samples. The other two are the moon and Mars.
Exploring the asteroid
In September 2007, NASA launched the Dawn mission, which is unique in that it was the first craft to enter orbit around one solar system body, then proceed to a second. Dawn entered orbit around Vesta in July 2011. After studying the asteroid for a year, it left Vesta encountered Ceres in March 2015.
NASA's Dawn mission is to study the characteristics of the early solar system by analyzing the two asteroids, which are very different. Ceres is wet, with seasonal polar caps, and may have a thin atmosphere. Vesta, on the other hand, is dry and rocky. Studying the unique spectral signatures in its rocky crust will expand our knowledge of our own planet, as well as Mars and Mercury.
Given their size, the two are actually regarded as protoplanets, or small planets. The gravitational pull of Jupiter disrupted their formation. Without the presence of the gas giant, the two may well have continued to evolve into full-size planets.
"We now know that Vesta is the only intact, layered planetary building block surviving from the very earliest days of the solar system," Dawn deputy principal investigator Carol Raymond, of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, told reporters in 2012.
Dawn's study of Vesta allowed for the creation of the best map to date of the asteroid.
In October 2010, the Hubble Space Telescope imaged Vesta again. The resulting data revealed that the asteroid was tilted approximately four degrees more than scientists originally thought. These findings helped NASA to place the spacecraft in the appropriate polar orbit around the asteroid. Dawn requires light from the sun in order to perform its mapping and imaging assignments.
The green flash image at the top of this post was taken by Jim Grant, an EarthSky friend on Facebook. He captured it off the coast of Ocean Beach, California, and identified it a mock mirage green flash.
It’s not hard to see a green flash with the eye alone, when sky conditions are right, and when you’re looking toward a very clear and very distant horizon. That’s why those who live near an ocean tend to report green flashes most often. A sea horizon is the best place to see them.
The video below, posted to EarthSky by Vladek in 2016, is an excellent example of the experience of seeing a green flash:
Most people see green flashes just at sunset, at the last moment before the sun disappears below the horizon. Be careful and don’t look too soon. If you do look too soon, the light of the sunset will dazzle (or damage) your eyes, and you’ll miss your green flash chance that day.
But if you wait – looking away until just the thinnest rim of the sun appears above the horizon – that day’s green flash could be yours.
Of course, the green flash can be seen before sunrise, too, although it’s harder at that time of day to know precisely when to look.
Mock mirage and green flash seen from San Francisco in 2006. Image via Brocken Inaglory/Wikimedia Commons.
There are many different types of green flash. Some describe a streak or ray of the color green … like a green flame shooting up from the sunrise or sunset horizon.
The most common green flash, though – the one most people describe – is a flash of the color green seen when the sun is nearly entirely below the horizon.
Again … you need a distant horizon to see any of these phenomena, and you need a distinct edge to the horizon. That’s why these green flashes, streaks, and rays are most often seen over the ocean. But you can see them over land, too, if your horizon is far enough away.
Pollution or haze on the horizon will hide this instantaneous flash of the color green.
Jim Grant photographed this green flash on April 27, 2012, off the coast of San Diego.
And, of course, Les Cowley at the great website Atmospheric Optics devotes many pages to the green flash phenomenon. Notice the menu bar at the left side of the page; it’ll let you explore many different types of green flashes.
Green flash atop sun pyramid via astrophotographer Colin Legg in Australia.
Bottom line: The green flash is legendary, and some people have told us they thought it was a myth, like a unicorn or a pot of gold at the end of a rainbow. But green flashes are very real. You need a distant and exceedingly clear horizon to see them at the last moment before the sun disappears below the horizon at sunset.
Here's What We Know About Russia's Hypersonic Waverider Weapon
Here's What We Know About Russia's Hypersonic Waverider Weapon
By Edd Gent, Live Science Contributor
During a speech to lawmakers, Russian President Vladimir Putin showed images of a hypersonic weapon dubbed Avangard that can apparently reach Mach 20.
Credit: Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
Warnings of a Russian hypersonic weapon that the U.S. can't defend against may have had you running for the bomb shelter last week. But what, exactly, is this weapon, and how does it work?
The Russians have released few concrete details about the weapon, but from the information available, it appears the weapon is a so-called hypersonic glide vehicle, said Thomas Juliano, an assistant professor of aerospace engineering at the University of Notre Dame who specializes in hypersonic flight.
Rather than generating its own power to reach hypersonic speeds, the glide vehicle catches a ride atop an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). Typically, these rockets fly to space on an arcing trajectory before releasing warheads near the top of the parabola, and these warheads drop back down onto the target at hypersonic speeds under the power of gravity.
Rather than falling back to Earth, though, Avangard reenters the atmosphere at an angle and its aerodynamic shape generates lift that lets it glide down at hypersonic speeds, says Juliano, which allows it to travel further farther and maneuver as it descends.
Hyper engineering
The vehicle appears to follow a design known as a "waverider," Juliano said. Waveriders are hypersonic aircraft that have wedge-shaped fuselages specially designed to generate lift by surfing on the shock wave generated as its own aircraft punches through the air at a high speed.
This is important at higher altitudes, where air density is low, making it difficult to generate lift with conventional wing designs. And because it doesn't need large wings, the vehicle is more streamlined, and the reduced drag allows it to maintain its speed over a much longer distance, Juliano said.
Building a vehicle that can tolerate hypersonic speeds and the temperatures they generate is no easy feat, Juliano said. But the design the Russians have opted for circumvents one of the major challenges: propulsion. [Photos: Hypersonic Jet Could Fly 10 Times the Speed of Sound]
"Designing a successful propulsion system at Mach 10 or above is extraordinarily challenging," he said. "By putting the glider on top of an ICBM, you avoid the need to design a successful hypersonic air-breathing engine."
Controlling a vehicle at such high speeds is still incredibly tricky, though.The Russians claim that Avangard is highly maneuverable, and based on computer-generated video included in Putin's address, it appears to have several flaps similar to the aerofoils used by planes to change direction.
Adjusting the aerofoils at hypersonic speeds is not a trivial task, because the shock wave can have complex interactions with the air flowing over the vehicle's surfaces, resulting in "nonlinear" behavior, Juliano said.
That means tiny adjustments can have outsize impacts, which makes it very tricky to calculate how much to move a flap or aerofoil. "It has to be precise, it has to operate quickly and it's a much harder environment to predict," he said.
Nonetheless, Juliano thinks the Russian claims are credible, as the technology has been in development for some time. The U.S. tested its own version, dubbed Hypersonic Technology Vehicle 2, in 2010 and 2011, but both flights were failures. And China also has an experimental system, code-named DF-ZF.
What is it for?
Russian efforts to develop hypersonic glide vehicles are explicitly aimed at evading U.S. missile defense systems, said Pavel Podvig, an independent analyst who specializes in Russia's nuclear arsenal. [Could the US Stop Nuclear Weapons?]
Current U.S. defenses are designed to take out conventional warheads from ICBMs on predictable ballistic trajectories while they are still in space; these defenses are not well suited to intercept weapons coming in on a high-speed glide in the atmosphere, Podvig said. And unlike traditional warheads, the vehicles will be capable of maneuvering around defenses.
But Podvig said it's not clear if the weapons really provide useful additional military capabilities. "It has been described as a weapon in search of a mission," he told Live Science. "My take is, you don't really need this kind of capability. It doesn't really change much in terms of ability to hit targets."
Podvig pointed out that the ICBM that carried the Avangard during testing, the SS-19, normally carries six conventional warheads. If the goal is to counter missile defense systems, it would be just as easy to overwhelm them with a greater number of standard warheads, he said.
But such weapons could breed dangerous uncertainty, Podvig said, because they aren't covered by arms-control treaties such as New START, which require countries to report the number, type and location of nuclear-capable weapons like ICBMs. In addition, the capabilities and potential uses of hypersonic gliders are still unclear.
"These systemscreate greater risks of miscalculation," Podvig said, "and it's not clear if we can effectively deal with those risks."
In an effort to reduce some of that uncertainty, the Pentagon is reportedly considering fielding space-based sensors to spot hypersonic weapons, according to Space News. The approach would require a costly constellation of satellites, but would be better at spotting weapons gliding in the upper atmosphere and could also see farther than land-based systems limited by the horizon.
Podvig says a properly designed system of this kind should be able to detect hypersonic weapons in flight, but it's not clear this would make it any easier to intercept such fast and maneuverable vehicles.
Le mystère de Gemini 4 et de son Ovni crash en photos
Le mystère de Gemini 4 et de son Ovni crash en photos
Rédigé par internaaze et publié depuis Overblog
Au cours de la mission Gemini 4, les astronautes James McDivitt et Ed White ont fait le tour de la Terre 66 fois et ont laissé une marque dans l’histoire en tant que premier vol spatial sur plusieurs jours des États-Unis. Au cours de la mission, les astronautes ont photographié un mystérieux objet cylindrique que de nombreux auteurs considèrent comme l’une des meilleures photos d’OVNI jamais prises.
En juin 1965, le brigadier-général James McDivitt, commandant de la mission Gemini 4 et le pilote Ed White de la mission Gemini 4 ont pris part au premier vol spatial de plusieurs jours des États-Unis, conçu pour montrer qu’il était possible pour les humains de rester dans l’espace pendant longtemps.
La mission Gemini 4 est le DEUXIÈME vol spatial habité du projet Gemini de la NASA et est le dixième vol spatial américain habité.
Pendant quatre jours, les astronautes James McDivitt et Ed White ont fait 66 fois le tour de la Terre. La mission a marqué la première sortie dans l’espace jamais effectuée par un astronaute américain. Ed White a flotté librement à l’extérieur de l’engin spatial Gemini – relié à celui-ci – pendant environ 20 minutes.
En plus de ce qui précède, la mission Gemini 4 a également été l’une des toutes premières missions spatiales de la NASA au cours de laquelle un certain nombre d’expériences scientifiques ont été réalisées dans l’espace. Les astronautes James McDivitt et Ed White ont utilisé un sextant pour étudier l’utilisation de la navigation céleste pour le vol lunaire dans le cadre du programme Apollo.
Cependant, la mission deviendra célèbre plus tard en raison d’une image étrange prise par l’astronaute James McDivitt, alors que le vaisseau spatial Gemini était en orbite autour de notre planète.
L’OVNI de Gemini 4
Des millions de personnes dans le monde entier prétendent avoir été témoins de choses étranges dans le ciel.
Aujourd’hui, si nous effectuons une recherche rapide sur Youtube, nous trouverons d’innombrables vidéos et images d’objets volants présumés non identifiés, qui promettent d’offrir la preuve ultime des visites d’extraterrestres sur Terre.
Mais malgré cette abondance de preuves matérielles, la vérité demeure malgré tout un mystère… Eh oui !
Si nous devons chercher des observations d’OVNI et des preuves potentielles d’une “présence extraterrestre” sur Terre, alors les personnes les plus compétentes et les plus réputées auxquelles nous devrions poser ces questions sont probablement des astronautes.
Il existe des douzaines de rapports associant des astronautes à des rencontres d’OVNI. Qu’il s’agisse des missions Apollo de la NASA ou des missions antérieures à Apollo, il semble que nous finissons toujours par trouver quelque chose digne d`être mentionné.
De nombreux experts ufologues prétendent que l’une des meilleures photos d’un ovni a été prise précisément au cours de la mission Gemini 4 lorsque l’astronaute James McDivitt, pilote de commandement du vaisseau spatial Gemini 4, a photographié quelque chose en orbite basse autour de la Terre.
Cette image, selon un article d’UFO Evidence a même déconcerté le très sceptique Condon Committee en 1969 ; une photo prise lors de son vol a été largement saluée comme l’une des “meilleures photos d’OVNI jamais réalisées”.
Mais malgré le fait que de nombreux auteurs considèrent l’image prise par McDivitt comme l’une des meilleures images d’OVNI, l’ancien astronaute de la NASA n’a jamais fait grand chose de ses observations, suggérant qu’il a vu des débris orbitaux non identifiés mais qui ont été conçus par l’homme.
La NASA est toujours restée sceptique quant à l’observation d’objets bizarres comme celui que McDivitt a photographié. En fait, la NASA a insisté sur le fait qu’il n’y avait rien de mystérieux à propos de l’objet photographié par l’ancien astronaute et qu’il était clairement d’origine terrestre, et qu’il appartenait très probablement aux Américains ou aux Soviétiques.
Certains sceptiques ont même suggéré que c’était peut-être la fusée d’appoint de McDivitt.
Voici le récit de McDivitt sur cet OVNI, tel qu’il l’a résumé sur le Dick Cavett Showen novembre 1973 (tel que rapporté dans le magazine FATE, en juin 1974), “Je volais avec Ed White. Il dormait à l’époque, donc je n’ai personne pour vérifier mon histoire. Nous dérivions dans l’espace avec les réacteurs éteints, et toute l’instrumentation s’est éteinte (quand) soudainement (un objet) est apparu dans le hublot. Il avait une forme très précise – un objet de forme cylindrique – il était blanc – il avait un grand bras qui sortait sur le côté. Je ne sais pas si c’était un très petit objet de près ou un très grand objet très loin.”
“Il n’y avait rien pour estimer sa taille. Je ne pouvais pas savoir à quel point il était grand. Nous avions deux caméras qui flottaient dans le vaisseau spatial à l’époque, alors j’en ai pris une et j’ai pris une photo de (l’objet) et j’ai pris l’autre et j’ai pris une photo. Puis j’ai allumé les systèmes de contrôle de la fusée parce que j’avais peur que l’on ne heurte l’objet. A l’époque, nous dérivions – sans vérifier, je n’ai aucune idée de la direction dans laquelle nous allions – mais au fur et à mesure que nous dérivions un peu plus loin, le soleil brillait sur le hublot du vaisseau spatial”.
“Le hublot était sale – comme celui d’une automobile, on ne pouvait pas voir à travers. J’ai donc fait repartir les moteurs de contrôle de la fusée et déplacé le vaisseau spatial pour que le hublot soit à nouveau dans l’obscurité – l’objet avait disparu.”.
“J’ai appelé plus tard pour leur dire ce qui s’était passé, et ils sont retournés vérifier leurs dossiers sur les autres débris spatiaux qui volaient dans l’espace, mais nous n’avons jamais été en mesure d’identifier ce que cela aurait pu être. Le film a été renvoyé à la NASA et revu par des techniciens de la NASA. L’un des techniciens de la NASA a conclu que ce n’était pas un ovni mais le reflet de soleil sur la fenêtre.”
L’OVNI Gemini 5 et les photos du USS Trepand
Ce qui est curieux, c’est qu’en 2015 un grand nombre de photographies prétendument prises par le USS Trepang ont émergées sur internet.
Les photos présentent un objet non-identifié mystérieux, qui selon les nombreux ufologues ressemblent à l’objet qui a été photographié par James McDivitt dans le cadre de la mission Gemini 4.
Les images de l’OVNI ont été prises par l’USS Trepang SSN 674 en Mars 1971.
Les photographies sont désormais disponibles, merci à John Greenewald du “Black Vault” et Alex Mistretta du magazine “Top Secret”.
Voici quelques images, merci à l’utilisateur de Reddit SquizCat.
Les photographies ci-dessous sont la propriété du site TopSecret.fr.
OVNIS AU DESSUS DE LA CENTRALE NUCLÉAIRE DE FESSENHEIM
OVNIS AU DESSUS DE LA CENTRALE NUCLÉAIRE DE FESSENHEIM
Il me parait important de relayer ici une information qui nous a été transmise par un informateur digne de confiance, mais dont nous nous sommes engagés à taire l’identité, au sujet d’une observation d’ovnis particulièrement incroyable.
Nous sommes le jeudi 24 mai 2018 du côté de la centrale nucléaire de Fessenheim en Alsace. Durant presque 2 heures, de 22h40 à minuit passé, des civils et personnels militaires (7 ou 8 personnes en tout) ont été les spectateurs de ce qu’il convient d’appeler une véritable escadrille d’ovnis. En effet, ceux-ci auraient été les témoins d’un survol de la centrale par pas moins d’une quinzaine d’aéronefs de tailles, formes et couleurs diverses. Certains de ces ovnis étaient de forme triangulaire et de couleur noire, ou ronds de couleur orange quand d’autres présentaient une structure en losange.
Deux de ces engins ont notamment pu être observés de très près (à une distance d’environ 50 mètres) lors de leur survol à très basse altitude du bâtiment réacteur de la centrale. Leur vitesse de déplacement a été décrite comme étant très lente et, comme souvent dans pareille description, notre témoin relate un déplacement totalement silencieux.
La taille du plus imposant des ovnis qui composaient cette « armada », de forme triangulaire et observé à une distance d’une centaine de mètres, a été évaluée par les témoins à environ 20 mètres de longueur.
Nul doute que plusieurs témoins de cette observation (notamment le personnel de gendarmerie présent) ont été auditionnés par les services militaires et que ces derniers disposent de traces vidéo de ce phénomène (via les caméras de sécurité présentes sur le site). Nous pouvons aussi affirmer avec une quasi-certitude que tout ceci ne sera pas communiqué au grand public, cet épisode ayant rapport à la sécurité d’un site sensible. Par ailleurs, si cette information venait à être reprise dans les médias « mainstream », nous aurions très certainement droit à la version communément avancée dans pareille situation : « de simples drones ont survolé un site nucléaire »
Reste à poser les questions qui « fâchent » et à mettre le doigt sur les caractéristiques d’un phénomène au sujet duquel la majorité de la population et officiellement les services de l’Etat (je dis officiellement par que je suis persuadé à titre personnel qu’en interne il en est tout autre) s’entêtent à nier l’existence.
Quel appareil de type drone possède aujourd’hui les caractéristiques énoncées lors de cette observation : taille (20 mètres pour l’un d’entre eux), déplacement silencieux et capacité à effectuer un vol stationnaire ?
Pourquoi ce type d’observation est-il généralisé aux abords des sites nucléaires sensibles et ce depuis de nombreuses années (quelques recherches rapides sur le net vous permettront de réaliser à quel point les observations d’ovnis, depuis plusieurs décennies et sur toute la planète, sont effectuées autour de sites nucléaires, qu’ils soient civils ou militaires) ?
Pour aller un peu plus loin dans ce questionnement, pourquoi ce phénomène cible-t-il aujourd’hui la centrale de Fessenheim, site nucléaire civil particulièrement contesté de par l’ancienneté, la vétusté et donc la dangerosité de son infrastructure ?
Autant de faits et questions qui, encore une fois, ne seront pas ou peu abordées dans les médias nationaux et qui, s’ils ne sont pas traités à travers le prisme du dédain et de la moquerie, seront passés sous silence.
Que ce phénomène trouve une explication rationnelle ou pas, il souligne des problématiques sécuritaires qui ne peuvent être balayées d’un simple revers de main et soulève des questions que nous ne pouvons ignorées et sur lesquelles il est primordial à mon sens de se pencher :
Qui (ou quoi) se cache derrière ce phénomène ? A travers quelle technologie s’exprime-t-il ? Et enfin, doit-on interpréter ce phénomène comme étant l’expression d’un message relatif à notre utilisation irraisonnée d’une technologie que nous ne maitrisons pas et qui met l’humanité en danger ?
Le débat reste non seulement ouvert mais il mérite et doit susciter notre intérêt à tous. Si les grands médias qui occupent et monopolisent l’espace d’expression et de réflexion ne s’emparent pas de cette thématique, il nous appartient modestement à nous, simples citoyens curieux et responsables de la faire émerger dans le débat public.
Je joints à cet article un document émanant de Matthieu Wikkelmuller, directeur technique adjoint chez EDF-CNE Fessenheim :
WETENSCHAPDe planetoïde die 66 miljoen jaar geleden op de aarde insloeg, deed onze planeet 100.000 jaar lang met 5 graden opwarmen. Dat blijkt uit fossielen die werden opgegraven in Tunesië. Hieruit zijn veel lessen te trekken over de klimaatverandering waarmee we vandaag geconfronteerd worden, zeggen onderzoekers.
De onderzoekers van de eerste studie baseren zich op restanten van vissen die dateren van de tijd voor en na de inslag die onder andere de dinosauriërs fataal werd. Ze bestudeerden de verhouding tussen twee zuurstofisotopen in de resten, die afhankelijk zijn van de temperatuur. Bij de ontwikkeling van mineralen in de tanden, beenderen en schubben van vissen, bepaalt de temperatuur van het water hoeveel van deze isotopen gevormd worden.
Daaruit kunnen de onderzoekers besluiten dat de temperatuur na de planetoïde-inslag snel toenam van 20 tot 25 graden Celsius. Aan de polen was de opwarming wellicht nog groter dan in Tunesië. Bovendien duurde het zeker 100.000 jaar voor de aarde weer afkoelde, zo schrijven de onderzoekers in het vakblad Science.
Dat mag dan allemaal 66 miljoen jaar geleden gebeurd zijn, de plotse opwarming die toen plaatsvond is volgens de onderzoekers wel relevant voor wat er vandaag aan het gebeuren is. Ze kan ons een beeld geven van de impact die de huidige klimaatverandering in de toekomst op de planeet zal hebben. “Het tempo waarmee de systemen op onze planeet door de impact verstoord werden, is vergelijkbaar met de menselijke verstoring in de voorbije 200 jaar”, zegt professor Ken MacLeod van de universiteit van Missouri, hoofdauteur van de studie. “Zelfs als we onze levensstijl morgen drastisch veranderen, zal het nog 100.000 jaar duren om de veranderingen die we de aarde al hebben opgedrongen om te keren.”
De plotse opwarming die toen plaatsvond is volgens de onderzoekers relevant voor wat er vandaag aan het gebeuren is
Afkoeling
Deze theorie staat haaks op speculaties van sommige wetenschappers dat de inslag geleid zou hebben tot een enorme afkoeling van de aarde. Door de impact zouden er grote branden ontstaan zijn, die roet in de atmosfeer slingerden. Dat hield het zonlicht tegen, met een afkoeling van de aarde tot gevolg.
Toch sluit de nieuwe studie dat scenario niet volledig uit. Mogelijk koelde de aarde na de inslag kortstondig af, voornamelijk op plaatsen nabij de impactlocatie, meteen daarna gevolgd door een globale opwarming.
Vogels
De bekendste slachtoffers van de gevolgen van de inslag waren de dinosauriërs. Maar zij waren niet de enigen die uitgeroeid werden, zo stelt een andere studie die gepubliceerd is in Current Biology.Ook de bossen op onze planeet verdwenen, wat dan weer leidde tot het uitsterven van op zes na alle vogelsoorten.
De onderzoekers bestudeerden het fossielenbestand van Nieuw-Zeeland, Japan, Europa en Noord-Amerika. “De restanten tonen aan dat er een massa-ontbossing plaatsvond in de hele wereld”, zeggen de onderzoekers. En zonder bomen stierven ook alle vogels die in bomen leefden uit - ze hadden immers geen nestplaatsen meer.
De 11.000 vogelsoorten die we vandaag hebben, zijn allemaal ontstaan uit een handvol soorten
Enkel vogels die op de grond leefden, konden overleven. Fossielen van deze vogels tonen aan dat ze langere, stevigere poten hebben, net zoals de loopvogels die we vandaag kennen.
“Vandaag zijn vogels de meest diverse en meest verspreide groep gewervelde dieren”, zegt hoofdauteur Daniel Field van de universiteit van Bath. “Er zijn bijna 11.000 soorten. Die zijn dus allemaal ontstaan uit een handvol soorten die 66 miljoen jaar geleden de massa-extinctie overleefden.”
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26-05-2018
Het wordt nog gekker. Rapport geeft details prijs over UFO die tot het onmogelijke in staat leek
Het wordt nog gekker. Rapport geeft details prijs over UFO die tot het onmogelijke in staat leek
Eind vorig jaar werd door het Pentagon een video vrijgegeven waarin te zien was hoe Amerikaanse marinepiloten een onbekend object volgden.
De New York Times publiceerde een artikel waaruit bleek dat de Amerikaanse overheid jarenlang in het geheim onderzoek had gedaan naar UFO’s.
Een nieuwsteam uit Las Vegas heeft nu de hand weten te leggen op officiële documenten die nog meer details bevatten over de waarneming.
Nog gekker
Het wordt allemaal nog gekker dan het al was, schrijft website BGR.
Het legerrapport verhaalt over een vreemd kat-en-muisspel tussen een vliegdekschip en meerdere UFO’s die tot het onmogelijke in staat leken.
De objecten werden vanaf 10 november 2004 meerdere dagen gezien. Ze verschenen gedurende korte tijd op de radarsystemen van het vliegdekschip, hingen stil in de lucht en schoten vervolgens met hoge snelheden weg.
Groot genoeg
De bemanning besloot een onderzoek in te stellen. Er werden twee F/A-18 Super Hornets op de vreemde signalen afgestuurd.
Het object dat de piloten zagen wordt in het rapport omschreven als ‘wit, glad en zonder randen of vleugels’.
Volgens het rapport was het object ongeveer 14 meter lang, terwijl de piloten schatten dat het 17 meter lang was. Het was in ieder geval groot genoeg voor tenminste één of meerdere individu(en).
Camoufleren
De piloten zeiden dat het object nooit een bedreiging was. In het rapport wordt opgemerkt dat de UFO leek te reageren op de aanwezigheid van de straaljagers.
Gedurende de dagen dat het object te zien was, bleek het in staat om zich te camoufleren en zich zo aan het oog te onttrekken.
Het feit dat het daalde van ruim 18 kilometer hoogte naar slechts 15 meter hoogte en vervolgens verdween doet de auteurs van het rapport vermoeden dat het ook onder water kon opereren.
On previous occasions, I have written here at Mysterious Universe on the subject of a U.S. Government UFO-themed program of the late 1940s to the early 1950s. It was called Project Twinkle. Its mandate was to investigate reports of strange, brightly lit, green fireballs. They were seen in close proximity to military installations and facilities involved in research concerning atomic energy (largely, but not exclusively, in the southwest of the United States). Many of the staff believed the fireballs were under intelligent control. While the program was ultimately closed and fell into a degree of obscurity, the now-available files offer an intriguing insight into the phenomenon. Take, for example, the following document of October 18, 1948, which tells a fascinating and intriguing story. It is one of many. Here’s how it starts:
“18 Oct 48 – CONFIDENTIAL Gen Holger Toftoy (US Army Ordnance/Rocket) daily log: Conference attended by Cols Toftoy, Roberts & Bainbridge (CC), Maj J.F. Gay & Dr. J. J. Grebe, (Chemical Corps), and Dr. Mugson. Chemical Corps reported analysis of fragments picked up from ‘flying saucer’ which vanished with a brilliant flash and bang near Midland, Michigan. Sand and clinker recovered from the locality contained nuggets of fairly pure silver and some thorium. The thorium was sufficient to give radioactivity approximately 10 times natural background which could possibly be ascribed to thorium coated filaments in electronic equipment, although the quantity seems excessive.”
The document continues: “There was evidence also of magnesium which had been completely oxidized. Dr. Grebe advanced his hypothesis that small missiles of the order of 1 to 3 feet in diameter might be responsible, coming from distant sources. He considered that a rapidly rotating disc of magnesium and /or aluminum might have enough energy if properly utilized to propel the disc several thousand miles, and might be completely destroyed by burning in air. Remaining traces of silver and thorium might be ascribed to electronic control system.”
We are then told: “After discussion, it was agreed that Col Roberts should request the Bur of Standards group to investigate some of the mechanisms which might conceivably propel discs of this general type and TU will keep in close touch with these calculations (CMH). A meeting next Monday, 25 Oct, can be arranged with Dr. Grebe if indications are favorable. Dr. Grebe also briefly described a theory of his that a fish-shaped object with a modified tear-drop cross section would take off along the long axis and change position in flight to fly at an angle more like a flying wing. No wings or other aerodynamic surfaces that produce drag would be required.”
Clearly, a great deal of time and effort went into resolving this matter, regardless of the origins of the fragments. The reference to such fragments possibly having come from a “flying saucer” is interesting. It’s important to note, though, the fact that those two words – “flying” and “saucer” – are contained within quotation marks. This suggests the military was using the term as one which was in popular, widespread use at the time, but not necessarily intended to mean “alien spacecraft.”
Whatever the truth of the affair described above, it’s notable that it was cases like this one which had the Project Twinklepeople more than a bit concerned. Consider the following: Three months later, the Headquarters 4th Army prepared a document titled “Unconventional Aircraft.” It began: “1. The inclosed Summary of Information: subject ‘Unconventional Aircraft’ (Control No. A-1917) dated 13 Jan 49, is forwarded for your information and any action deemed necessary. 2. Agencies in New Mexico are greatly concerned over these phenomena. They are of the opinion that some foreign power is making ‘sensing shots’ with some super-stratospheric device designed to be self-disintegrating. They also believe that when the device is perfected for accuracy, the disintegrating factor will be eliminated in favor of a warhead.”
The military continued: “3. Another theory being advanced as possibly acceptable lies in the belief that the phenomena are the result of radiological warfare experiments by a foreign power, further, that the rays may be lethal or might be attributed to the cause of some of the plane crashes that have occurred recently. 4. Still another belief that is advanced is that, it is highly probable that the United States may be carrying out some top-secret experiments. 5. It is felt that these incidents are of such great importance, especially as they are occurring in the vicinity of sensitive installations, that a scientific board be sent to this locality to study the situation with a view of arriving at a solution of this extraordinary phenomena with the least practicable delay. 6. It is further requested that this headquarters be informed of action taken on this and a previous report in order that reporting agencies may be advised.”
In view of all the above, it’s hardly surprising that, behind closed doors, people were restless. Additional records show that Project Twinkle never did resolve matters to the satisfaction of everyone. The green fireballs vanished into oblivion, leaving more than a few people both puzzled and alarmed as to what the truth really was.
Zonnestelsel in beginjaren geroosterd door supernova
Zonnestelsel in beginjaren geroosterd door supernova
Het zonnestelsel heeft in zijn beginjaren mogelijk flink te lijden gehad van een nabije supernova-explosie.
Tot deze conclusie komt een Nederlands/Hongaars team op basis van gedetailleerde computerberekeningen. Het supernova-scenario verklaart onder andere waardoor het baanvlak van de planeten gekanteld is ten opzichte van de evenaar van de zon en waarom het zonnestelsel aan de buitenkant abrupt ophoudt.
Het zonnestelsel kent verscheidene lastig te verklaren eigenaardigheden. Zo maakt het gemiddelde baanvlak van de planeten een hoek van 5,6 graden ten opzichte van de evenaar van de zon. Daarnaast houdt ons zonnestelsel al op bij 45 keer de afstand aarde-zon, terwijl er net daarbinnen een rijke ring van ruimtepuin is, de Kuipergordel. Bij veel andere sterren strekken dergelijke puinschijven zich doorgaans uit tot wel 400 keer de afstand aarde-zon.
Onderzoekers van de Universiteit Leiden en van de Hongaarse Academie van wetenschappen beargumenteren dat deze eigenaardigheden het gevolg zijn van een supernova-explosie dicht in de buurt van het jonge zonnestelsel. Onze zon bevond zich toen waarschijnlijk in een sterrenhoop van enkele duizenden sterren, waarvan er een als supernova ontploft kan zijn.
De onderzoekers hebben met in Leiden ontwikkelde simulatiesoftware berekend op welke afstand en in welke richting de supernova zich bevond. Ze komen uit bij een afstand van 0,5 tot 1,3 lichtjaar en een hoek van 35 tot 60 graden ten opzichte van de protoplanetaire stofschijf rond de zon.
Het afkappen en kantelen van de stofschijf om de zon werd volgens de onderzoekers niet veroorzaakt door de supernova zelf, maar door de nucleaire schokgolf van de gloeiendhete buitenlagen van de ontploffende ster die het zonnestelsel ramde. Er zat ongeveer dertig jaar tussen het ontploffen van de ster en het moment dat de nucleaire schokgolf het zonnestelsel bereikte. De aarde was toen nog niet gevormd, maar mogelijk zijn de sporen van de supernovaschokgolf nog wel zichtbaar in de chemische en isotopische samenstelling van de oudste gesteenten in het zonnestelsel.
With so many incredible, newly developing technologies, could we build a real-life Millennium Falcon? In short, no. But we're getting closer.
In the "Star Wars" universe, the Millennium Falcon is heralded as the coolest ship around. The cargo vessel that Han Solo originally won from Lando Calrissian in the Cloud City Sabacc Tournament, the Millennium Falcon lies at the center of some of the most incredible adventures in the series.
The Millennium Falcon's signature speed comes from its hyperdrive, a propulsion system that pushes the vessel to light speed — though Han Solo has famously boasted that the ship can travel even faster. The hyperdrive functions by using "hypermatter particles" to send the craft into hyperspace, an alternative dimension reached by traveling at or beyond the speed of light. This technique uses wrinkles in the fabric of space-time, or wormholes: pieces of the fabric that fold over to connect two otherwise-distant points.
Now, while the theory of general relativity does predict wormholes, they are still just a theoretical phenomenon. So, because we can't prove their existence, we certainly can't manipulate them for our own purposes. Stephen Hsu, a professor of theoretical physics at the University of Oregon, told our sister site Live Science, "You would need some very exotic type of matter in order to stabilize a wormhole, and it's not clear whether such matter exists in the universe."
Now, there is some excitement in the scientific community surrounding an engine called the EmDrive. This is not a hyperdrive, or a warp drive as some have suggested. But it bounces microwaves around a chamber as a substitute for propellant. Recently, researchers put the EmDrive to the testand found that the thrust it produced comes from some kind of electromagnetic interaction that is likely between the engine's power cables and Earth's magnetic field, according to their study This might not be the end of the EmDrive as a potential, future engine — but it certainly isn't a hyperdrive.
Illustrator Kemp Remillard detailed the interior of the Millennium Falcon.
Even if we suspend our disbelief and accept the ship's speed, another issue arises: g-forces. According to calculations from Wired, passengers aboard the Millennium Falcon could experience up to about 12 g's while traveling at the speeds portrayed in the films (though this might not be the case if they are traveling through hyperspace). This is comparable to being in a gravitational field 12 times higher than what we normally experience on Earth. ["Star Wars" Spaceships from a Galaxy Far, Far Away]
At 1 g, we can still push blood up to our brains, but as the g's increase, this becomes more difficult. Twelve g's is about the maximum that jet-fighter pilots can experience before passing out, but this assumes they're wearing g-suits, which squeeze the legs in high-g situations to prevent blood from being pushed down.
So, theoretically, without high-g suits, the human passengers aboard the Millennium Falcon would black out when the ship took high-g turns, even without traveling as fast as Han Solo has bragged it can.
Holochess
At Chewbacca's request, a hologram "chess," or holochess, table was installed on the Millennium Falcon so passengers could play Dejarik, a classic strategy game in the "Star Wars" universe. But while astronauts aboard the International Space Station won't be playing Chewie's favorite game anytime soon, hologram technology is inching its way into modern spacecraft.
In 2016, after some launch difficulties, two of Microsoft's HoloLens AR headsets traveled to the space station to aid crewmembers. Additionally, the innovators behind the Voxiebox have built an early version sort of holochess. You can't feel the pieces or move them with your hands — but this feature is not far off, and researchers have already gotten close.
Aboard most ships in the "Star Wars" universe, and throughout sci-fi stories, deflector shields are a staple security measure. Whenever conflict arises, deflectors go right up, keeping the ship intact despite enemy attacks. But is this just a well-worn science fiction trope? Not exactly.
Back in 2014, ExtremeTech profiled a team of students from the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom who considered the possibility of using plasma to build such a deflector. The students took notice of the Earth's ionosphere, a part of the upper atmosphere that contains plasma.
Currently, we bounce communication signals off of the ionosphere's plasma to send them to different locations on Earth. This "invisible shield" around Earth was the inspiration for this team's suggestion that you could use and manipulate plasma to deflect electromagnetic radiation — such as that coming from an energy-based or laser weapon, possibly. Such a shield isn't technically feasible yet, but their general concept to use plasma to deflect radiation is certainly within the realm of possibility.
Additionally,in 2008, Ruth Bamford of the Science and Technology Facilities Council's Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in England and her colleagues studied the possibility of deflecting radiation using a portable magnetic shield. While it's not the battle-ready deflector we've seen in Star Wars, it's definitely a step in that direction.
Other than its description as a power source for starships like the Millennium Falcon, the Quadex power core is a fairly mysterious technology. The series never explains how the power core operates, so it is equally possible and impossible that we could build one.
Quad Laser Cannons
Some of the Millennium Falcon's most powerful and most-used weapons, its quad laser cannons are also relatively feasible. The U.S. military's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has spent years developing the closest thing we have to a "Star Wars" style laser cannon. It can fit on a fighter jet but is still powerful enough to shoot a 150-kilowatt energy beam.
Additionally, researchers have suggested that a coherent amplification network (CAN) laser, a beam created from multiple small lasers, could get rid of space debris surrounding Earth by vaporizing a thin layer of matter off of the surface of the space junk. This would push the debris downward, where it would burn up in Earth's atmosphere.
Laser weapons may currently be large, dangerous and difficult to create, but they are certainly possible.
Hodgepodge Design
The technologies aboard the Millennium Falcon are not a constant. The ship is an ever-evolving amalgamation of assorted, stolen, customized and found parts. It might seem odd that a highly capable future ship could be assembled this way — but when you think about current spaceflight advances, it makes sense.
The Millennium Falcon has a lot in common with SpaceX's Dragon, whose reusable design is optimized for efficient, sustainable launches. Similarly, the Millennium Falcon's design relies on the reuse of found parts.
With long-term space travel, tech aboard a ship would occasionally break, become obsolete, etc. It might not always be possible to 3D print new items or make repairs with what is already available on a ship. Future space travelers might do what Han Solo has done and repurpose found parts to efficiently survive in the cosmos.
The Millennium Falcon boasts a seemingly endless list of gadgets and capabilities. From its oversize sensor dish to its Gigyrodyne sublight engine, thrust-pressure manifold and sensor-proof smuggling compartments, the tech aboard this ship ranges from highly plausible to entirely fictional.
So, humanity is not quite ready to build a Millennium Falcon. Still, many developing technologies could one day make onboard tech like laser cannons and invisible deflector shields a reality. Until then, we can always watch Han Solo and company zip through the galaxy on one of science fiction's most iconic ships.
Jupiter's Great Red Spot Is Spectacular (and Weird) in This Juno Photo
Jupiter's Great Red Spot Is Spectacular (and Weird) in This Juno Photo
By Mike Wall, Space.com Senior Writer
NASA's Juno spacecraft captured this image of Jupiter on April 1, 2018. Citizen-scientists Gerald Eichstädt and Seán Doran processed data from Juno's JunoCam instrument into this stunning view.
A gorgeous photo by NASA's Juno spacecraft shows Jupiter as you've probably never seen it before.
"This new perspective of Jupiter from the south makes the Great Red Spot appear as though it is in northern territory," NASA officials wrote today (May 21) in a description of the image. "This view is unique to Juno and demonstrates how different our view is when we step off the Earth and experience the true nature of our three-dimensional universe."
The newly released photo is a composite of multiple images snapped by Juno's JunoCam on April 1, during the spacecraft's most recent close flyby of the solar system's largest planet. Juno took the constituent photos from a distance of 10,768 miles (17,329 kilometers) to 42,849 miles (68,959 km) above Jupiter's cloud tops, NASA officials said.
Citizen scientists Gerald Eichstädt and Seán Doran then processed the raw JunoCam data into the finished photo that was released today. (Anyone can do such processing work; to learn more, go to the JunoCam site.)
The $1.1 billion Juno mission launched in August 2011 and arrived at Jupiter in July 2016. The probe orbits on a highly elliptical path, zooming above the gas giant's poles once every 53 days.
The solar-powered Juno makes most of its scientific observations during these close approaches, gathering information about Jupiter's composition, structure and gravitational and magnetic fields. The probe's data should help researchers better understand how Jupiter, and by extension the solar system, formed and evolved, mission team members have said.
The April 1 encounter was Juno's 12th science flyby of Jupiter. The 13th will occur on Thursday (May 24).
In an attempt to solve the mystery of how a cluster of human cells orient themselves into a front, back, top and bottom of an embryo, a group of U.S. researchers avoided restrictions on using human embryos by doing something even more controversial – but apparently legal … they grafted human cells onto chicken embryos to create a form of human-chicken hybrid. Wait … what? Is this the first step to creating a real Chickenman? Who will play him in the movie?
“No one knew what happens after the ball of cells attaches itself to the uterus.”
Ali Brivanlou, a developmental biologist at the Rockefeller University in New York City, headed the research and is the lead author of the study published this week in the journal Nature. If you’re up on your developmental biology, you’ll remember Brivanlou’s name from a previous study in 2016 when he and a different team grew human embryos in a Petri dish for 14 days, breaking the previous record of nine days. U.S. laws forced the team to destroy the cells at that point, but there seemed to be no biological reason why they couldn’t have continued to grow. The team was frustrated because 14 days was not long enough to see the cells organize themselves into future body parts.
Have we seen this before?
Enter the salamanders.
Brivanlou already knew that the organization was done by special ‘organizer cells’ which were discovered in 1924 when German researchers Hilde Mangold and Hans Spemann transplanted cells from a salamander onto a salamander embryo and watched them grow into a second conjoined salamander. That sounds like the opening scene of a horror movie that could only be made better/scarier if the cells were human.
Enter the chickens.
Brivanlou also knew that chicken embryos mature sooner and grow faster than human embryos. Under his direction, the researchers avoided the 14-day restriction by growing human embryonic stem cells into embryo-like (what would that be?) “structures” called gastruloids that they then attached to 12-hour-old chicken embryos which they claimed are the chicken-equivalents of 14-day-old human embryos.
Enter the human-chicken hybrids.
The human organizer cells in the embryo-like (this still sounds fishy) structure organized the chicken embryo to form a second conjoined chicken embryo (sound familiar?) which Brivanlou claimed did not reach maturity and “hatch.”
Or were they destroyed by nervous or guilt-ridden researchers?
“Once you transplant the human organizer into a chicken embryo, the language it uses to instruct the bird cells to establish the brain and nervous system is exactly the same as the one used by amphibians and fish.”
I told you it sounded fishy. While Brivanlou claims that this is an ethical solution to studying early embryonic growth in order to potentially grow artificial organs or manipulate cells into regenerative tissues to combat diseases such as Alzheimer’s, he still prefers to use the real thing.
“There is no substitute for studying the real embryo. Everything else we do when we try to model kind of oversimplifies it. Human embryonic stem cells and eggs have all the information. Everything else is pushing the first domino.”
They’ve created a human-chicken hybrid. Are the dominoes already falling?
Would chickens falling like dominoes be a cool opening to the “Chickenman” movie trailer?
The search for alien life hasn’t been a fruitful one yet. NASA and other space agencies have greatly improved their abilities to detect new exoplanets, but identifying distant planets is a long way from discovering the first evidence of life outside of Earth. Scientists have identified some signs that a few nearby bodies may have the ingredients necessary to support life, but so far it seems as if we’re all alone in our neck of the cosmic woods.
Still, the search continues for planets which lie in the “Goldilocks zone,” or circumstellar habitable zone if you’re not into the whole brevity thing. This area is the orbital region surrounding stars which is the perfect distance to support life – not too hot, not too cold. Astronomers frequently discuss finding Earth-like planets out of the assumption that our planet must somehow by the ideal type of world to support life.
A “hot” eyeball planet.
However, a new theory proposed by astronomer Sean Raymond at the Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Bordeaux in France says that perhaps we’re focusing too much on finding new Earths and we should turn our attention instead to discovering what he calls “eyeball planets.” These are a type of tidally locked planet, meaning the same side of the planet always faces towards its host star or planet. Raymond proposes that these orbits can result in two different types of eyeball-like planets in which there is a warmer side and a colder side. On a “hot” eyeball planet, the hot ‘pupil’ of the eye is composed of rock while the cold side is liquid; on a “cold” eyeball planet the ‘pupil’ is liquid while the dark side remains ice.
Raymond writes that the Milky Way “may be littered with wild varieties of eyeball planets” and that the search for alien life “will almost certainly start with these worlds.”
There is good reason to think that the first potentially life-bearing worlds that are now being detected around other stars probably look very different than Earth. Rather, these planets are more likely to look like giant eyeballs whose gaze is forever fixed on their host stars.
Raymond’s argument for prioritizing these types of worlds in our search for life is that “eyeball” planets can exist in a much wide range of circumstellar space than the Earth-like planets we seek out in stars’ Goldilocks zones. Thus, there could me many more of these eyeball planets out there in the universe than there are Earth-like planets, opening up further possibilities for discovering alien life.
The US Department of Defense funded a series of studies on advanced aerospace technologies, including warp drives.
The studies came out of a program that also funded research into UFO sightings.
One report describes the possibility of using dark energy to warp space and effectively travel faster than light.
However, a theoretical physicist says there's "zero chance that anyone within our lifetimes or the next 1,000 years" will see it happen.
Sometime after August 2008, the US Department of Defense contracted dozens of researchers to look into some very, very out-there aerospace technologies, including never-before-seen methods of propulsion, lift, and stealth.
Two researchers came back with a 34-page report for the propulsion category, titled "Warp Drive, Dark Energy, and the Manipulation of Extra Dimensions."
The document is dated April 2, 2010, though it was only recently released by the Defense Intelligence Agency. (Business Insider first learned about in a post by Paul Szoldra at Task & Purpose.)
The authors suggest we may not be too far away from cracking the mysteries of higher, unseen dimensions and negative or "dark energy," a repulsive force that physicists believe is pushing the universe apart at ever-faster speeds.
"Control of this higher dimensional space may bе а source of technological control оvеr the dark energy density and could ultimately play а role in the development of exotic propulsion technologies; specifically, а warp drive," the report says, adding: "Trips to the planets within our own solar system would take hours rather than years, and journeys to local star system would be measured in weeks rather than hundreds of thousands of years."
However, Sean Carroll, a theoretical physicist at Caltech who studies and follows the topics covered by the report, had a lot of cold water to pour on the report's optimism.
"It's bits and pieces of theoretical physics dressed up as if it has something to do with potentially real-world applications, which it doesn't," Carroll said. "This is not crackpot. This is not the Maharishi saying we're going to use spirit energy to fly off the ground — this is real physics. But this is not something that's going to connect with engineering anytime soon, probably anytime ever."
James Т. Lacatski, a DIA official listed as a contact on the report, did not immediately to respond a query from Business Insider.
Where the warp-drive study came from
The Pentagon building in 2010.Mariordo Camila Ferreira and Mario Duran/Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 3.0)
The nature of this study is still making its way to the public.
What is known is that it's an "acquisition threat support" reference document, which helps the US military anticipate or describe new enemy technologies — apparently including (very, very) notional ones. It was also one work in "а series of advanced technology reports" for something called the Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications Program.
The New York Times and Politico revealed AATIP's existence in December. The outlets said Harry Reid, the former US senator from Nevada, helped organize it and secure millions in secret government funding — sometimes called "black money" — for the effort.
A large share of this money reportedly went to Robert Bigelow, a real-estate mogul who's working to build private space stations through Bigelow Aerospace. Bigelow, a friend of Reid's, has for years funded his own UFO research.
The billionaire formed a separate entity, called Bigelow Aerospace Advanced Space Studies, to secure the government funding and hired 46 researchers and "dozens of other support personnel," KLAS-TV said.
An anonymous senior intelligence official told Politico that AATIP began mostly to root out the existence of unknown Chinese and Russian military technologies. But after a couple of years, "the consensus was we really couldn't find anything of substance," the official said.
"They produced reams of paperwork," he added. "After all of that, there was really nothing there that we could find."
AAWSAP and AATIP reportedly ran out of funding in 2011 or 2012.
Scientists are also skeptical of UFOs, even after viewing spooky videos obtained by AATIP, one of which shows an undated encounter with "an aircraft surrounded by some kind of glowing aura traveling at high speed and rotating as it moves," The Times wrote.
Seth Shostak, a senior astronomer at the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Institute, previously told Business Insider that after 50 years of reported alien visits, "the really good evidence that we're being visited still has failed to surface."
"It is a little odd that aliens would come hundreds and hundreds of light-years to do nothing," Shostak added.
The larger program that looked into the feasibility of warp drives, wormholes, and stargates is meeting similar scrutiny from established experts.
The physics of warp drives
An illustration of a warp field generated by a theoretical device called an Alcubierre drive. A spaceship inside might be able to move faster than light by contracting the fabric of space ahead of it and expanding the fabric of space behind it with negative energy.AllenMcC/Wikipedia (CC BY-A 3.0)
In the warp-drive study, the authors laid out several well-established ideas in physics.
Those concepts include dark energy; general relativity, pioneered by Albert Einstein, that predicted some bizarre yet real phenomena in the universe, like the warping of space-time and gravitational waves; the Casimir effect, which describes the existence of a quantum "vacuum energy"; and M-theory, the idea that perhaps seven extra dimensions — which a warp drive could exploit — may be wrapped up in the four we're familiar with, including time.
It then mashes this work together to lay out a potential use of these properties that'd circumvent Einstein's cardinal rule: Nothing can travel faster than light in a vacuum.
"If one is to realistically entertain the notion of interstellar exploration in timeframes of а human lifespan, а dramatic shift in the traditional approach to spacecraft propulsion is necessary," said the report, which goes on to suggest that a warp drive might be feasible.
Department of Defense via Public Intelligence
The study includes a table of various destinations and how quickly they might be reached by bending space-time to travel 100 times the speed of light.The way this might work, the report says, is by using a lot of dark energy to expand an extra dimension into a "bubble." Such a bubble would be made large enough to fit a spaceship of perhaps 100 cubic meters, roughly the size of a semitrailer truck.
A contracting region of space-time in front of the ship, plus an expanding region behind it, would then propel the bubble and ship down a sort of space-time tube without technically exceeding the speed of light.
Carroll also says the concept of a warp drive "is not crackpot" — Miguel Alcubierre, a Mexican theoretical physicist, invented the concept in 1994.
"You can't go faster than the speed of light, but what you can imagine doing is effectively twisting space-time so that it looks like you're moving faster than the speed of light," Carroll said. "If you want to go to Alpha Centauri, for example, you can ask yourself: 'Well, could I bend space-time so that Alpha Centauri is next to me, so that it takes a day to go there, rather than tens of [thousands of] years? Can I make the warping of space-time do that?' And the answer is sure, you can do that."
But Carroll says the DIA report goes too far in its analysis.
"There is something called a warp drive, there are extra dimensions, there is a Casimir effect, and there's dark energy — all of these things are true," he said. "But there's zero chance that anyone within our lifetimes or the next 1,000 years are going to build anything that makes use of any of these ideas, for defense purposes or anything like that."
The problems and perils of faster-than-light travel
An illustration of an Einstein-Rosen bridge, or wormhole in the fabric of space.Shutterstock
Carrol said warp drives were so removed from plausible reality because no one knows what negative energy is, how to make it, or how to store it, let alone put it to use.
What's more, the amount of negative energy you'd need to reach a place like Alpha Centauri — the nearest star system to Earth, at 4.367 light-years away — in a couple of years with a 100-cubic-meter ship is truly astronomical.
"If you took the entire Earth and annihilated it into energy, that's how much energy you'd need, except you'd need a negative amount of that, which no one has any clue how to make," Carroll said. "We're not taking the atoms of the Earth and dispersing them like the Death Star would do — we're making them cease to exist."
Then this energy has to be captured, stored, and used with 100% efficiency.
"It's completely crazy talk," Carroll said. "It's not something like, 'Oh, we need better transistors.' This is something that is not anywhere within the realm of feasibility."
The study says its conclusions are speculative, acknowledges the negative-energy figure "is, indeed, an incredible number," and adds that "a full understanding of the true nature of dark energy may be many years away."
However, it suggests that "experimental breakthroughs at the Large Hadron Collider оr developments in the field of M-theory could lead to а quantum leap in our understanding of this unusual form of energy and perhaps help to direct technological innovations."
Nearly a decade on, none of these developments have panned out. The LHC has yet to find any evidence of particles that'd crack the mysteries of dark energy, and experiments have not really advanced M-theory.
But assuming negative energy could somehow be extracted, a planet's worth of exotic matter could be fed into a spaceship's warp-drive engines, and a suitable destination could be picked, the crew might encounter numerous show-stopping problems.
Interstellar travelers may lose control of their ship the moment they start it because of the warping of space itself. Hawking radiation, theoretically found at the edges of black holes and other highly warped regions of space, might roast passengers while shutting down their warp field. And slowing down may be deadly — several light-years' worth of cosmic dust and gas between the origin and destination might turn into a dangerous shockwave of high-energy particles and radiation upon arrival.
"It's possible in the sense that I can't actually rule it out, but I don't think it's actually possible," Carroll said of warp drives and faster-than-light travel. "I think if we knew physics better, we'd just say, 'No, you can't do that.'"
Representational Image YouTube screenshot/ UFOmania - The truth is out there
A video apparently shot from Ireland on May 17, 2018, featuring two mysterious flying objects in the sky is now going viral on the internet.
The video shot in broad daylight shows two creepy objects in the sky above Saint Patrick Cathedral, blinking in regular succession. As the clip went viral, conspiracy theorists soon assumed that aliens have made a brief visit to Ireland.
However, some other section of conspiracy theorists argues that these UFOs are actually secret military crafts which might be using anti-gravity flying technology. Skeptics, on the other hand, clarified that the objects spotted in the skies are mere drones.
"It goes on a fair bit longer and they just disappear. There was a suggestion made that it may be drones, but if you watch the full footage, these objects do NOT land, simply vanish," said dmcresins, a YouTuber who originally uploaded the video.
As the video went viral, xX-EMMA-2017-Xx RAVER, a YouTube user revealed that she witnessed a similar sighting in Sunderland, United Kingdom.
"I have seen this exact same thing at around the same time! No one would believe me! I saw this in Sunderland UK yesterday," commented the YouTuber.
A section of people strongly believes that Ireland, especially Dublin is slowly emerging as a UFO hotspot. In the past two decades, there have been 19 recorded UFO sightings in the Irish capital.
A similar incident happened in England three days back when people spotted a triangular UFO with bright lights hovering in the sky. As the video grabbed public attention, conspiracy theorists argued that these vessels are actually the secretive TR-3B, developed by the US Air Force during the time of Gulf War.
As UFO sightings are dramatically increasing in all corners of the globe, conspiracy theorists are urging governments to reveal the exact truth behind these sightings. Some people even allege that the governments are working hand-in-glove with aliens.
Is Pluto stiekem een gigantische komeet? 24 mei 2018Caroline Kraaijvanger7 Onderzoekers suggereren voorzichtig dat de dwergplaneet is opgebouwd uit een miljard kometen. Aan de nieuwe theorie liggen twee datasets ten grondslag. De eerste bestaat uit gegev
Is Pluto stiekem een gigantische komeet?
Caroline Kraaijvanger
Onderzoekers suggereren voorzichtig dat de dwergplaneet is opgebouwd uit een miljard kometen.
Aan de nieuwe theorie liggen twee datasets ten grondslag. De eerste bestaat uit gegevens verzameld door New Horizons. Deze ruimtesonde scheerde in 2015 langs Pluto en gaf ons de eerste close-upbeelden van de dwergplaneet en onthulde over welke elementen Pluto beschikt. Daarnaast maakten de onderzoekers gebruik van gegevens verzameld door ruimtesonde Rosetta. Deze ruimtesonde cirkelde tussen 2014 en 2016 rond komeet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko (ook wel 67P genoemd).
Gletsjer In hun studie richten de onderzoekers zich met name op Sputnik Planitia, een enorme gletsjer op Pluto. New Horizons heeft onthuld dat het ijs waaruit deze gletsjer is opgebouwd bijzonder rijk is aan stikstof. Grote vraag is natuurlijk waar dat stikstof vandaan komt. Onderzoekers van het Southwest Research Institute hebben daar echter verfrissende ideeën over. “Wij ontdekten een intrigerende consistentie tussen de geschatte hoeveelheid stikstof in de gletsjer en de hoeveelheid die we zouden verwachten als Pluto ontstaan is door het samenklonteren van grofweg een miljard kometen of andere Kuipergordelobjecten die een vergelijkbare samenstelling hebben als 67P, de komeet die door Rosetta is verkend,” zo stelt onderzoeker Christopher Glein.
Koolstofmonoxide Het is een interessante theorie. Maar kan die ook verklaren waarom er zo weinig koolstofmonoxide op Pluto te vinden is? De onderzoekers denken van wel. De beperkte hoeveelheid koolstofmonoxide in de atmosfeer zou verklaard kunnen worden doordat het zit opgeslagen in ijs aan het oppervlak óf doordat het vernietigd is door blootstelling aan vloeibaar water. “Ons onderzoek suggereert dat Pluto’s oorspronkelijke chemische samenstelling – geërfd van komeetachtige bouwblokken – veranderd is door vloeibaar water, misschien zelfs een ondergrondse oceaan,” stelt Glein.
Hier zie je Sputnik Planitia: een gletsjer die onder meer rijk is aan stikstof.
Afbeelding: NASA / JHUAPL / SwRI.
Andere theorie De onderzoekers verkenden ook nog een tweede theorie omtrent de totstandkoming van Pluto. Deze theorie gaat ervan uit dat Pluto is ontstaan uit heel koud ijs met een chemische samenstelling die vergelijkbaar is met die van de zon. Deze theorie bleek wat we op Pluto zien, redelijk te kunnen verklaren. Maar de theorie dat de dwergplaneet uit talloze kometen is opgebouwd biedt meer opties om de verhouding tussen koolstofmonoxide en stikstof te verklaren. Vandaar dat de onderzoekers die theorie voor nu het voordeel van de twijfel geven.
Scenario Het leidt tot het volgende scenario: kometen rijk aan stikstof en koolstofmonoxide klonteren samen en vormen Pluto. Chemische processen in een ondergrondse oceaan zorgt ervoor dat grote hoeveelheden koolstofmonoxide worden vernietigd. Grote hoeveelheden atmosferisch stikstof ontsnappen aan Pluto’s greep en duiken de ruimte in. Het stikstof aan het oppervlak – in de vorm van ijs – houdt echter moedig stand en hoopt zich door de jaren heen op in de gigantische Sputnik Planitia-gletsjer. Komeetinslagen brengen nog wat extra koolstofmonoxide op Pluto en dat mengt zich met stikstof. “Dit scenario is zeker niet de enige mogelijkheid,” zo benadrukken de onderzoekers. Maar het is wel mooi in lijn met wat we op Pluto zien.
Of Pluto echt uit een miljard kometen bestaat, zal moeten blijken uit vervolgonderzoek. De wetenschappers benadrukken in hun paper dat er nog heel wat vragen zijn die beantwoord moeten worden alvorens we met zekerheid meer kunnen zeggen over hoe Pluto is ontstaan. Sommige van die vragen kunnen we beantwoorden aan de hand van de data die door New Horizons is verzameld. Andere vragen zullen pas een antwoord krijgen als een nieuw ruimtevaartuig langs de dwergplaneet schiet.
Dino-Killing Asteroid Impact Warmed Earth's Climate for 100,000 Years
Dino-Killing Asteroid Impact Warmed Earth's Climate for 100,000 Years
By Tereza Pultarova, Space.com Contributor
An artist's rendering from 1994, illustrating the Chicxulub asteroid impact that killed off most of the dinosaurs about 66 million years ago.
Credit: Donald E. Davis/NASA/JPL
Carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere after the impact of the Chicxulub asteroid, which ended the era of dinosaurs some 65 million years ago, warmed the Earth's climate for 100,000 years, a new study has revealed.
The study, based on an analysis of fossil records, suggested that the Earth's overall temperature increased by 5 degrees Celsius (9 degrees Fahrenheit) over that time.
Scientists have long theorized that after the piece of space rock with a diameter of 6 to 9 miles (7 to 14 kilometers) smashed into the Yucatan Peninsula near today's town of Chicxulub in Mexico, the temperature of the planet first rose sharply for minutes or hours, MacLeod said. After that, it plunged down for months to decades, because the huge amount of dust and soot thrown into the atmosphere by the impact blocked the sun's rays. Eventually, however, carbon dioxide released during the impact led to global warming.
MacLeod's study is the first to present empirical evidence of how long this greenhouse gas-related global warming lasted and how substantial it was.
"We thought that we could resolve this question by looking at fossilized bits of fish teeth, scales and bones from the El Kef section in Tunisia," MacLeod told Space.com, referring to a paleontological site in northwestern Tunisia known for having one of the world's best-preserved fossil records from the period before and after the Chicxulub impact
"This place is known for having a beautiful record across the interval that we are looking at — the so called Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary — the mass extinction event following the Chicxulub impact."
The researchers looked at the concentrations of different oxygen isotopes in the fossils. These isotopes differ in the number of neutrons in the oxygen atom and, according to MacLeod, behave slightly differently from one another.
"One of the differences is, as temperature increases, the amount of the light oxygen isotope, oxygen 16, in a mineral increases relatively," MacLeod said.
"We are measuring the ratio of oxygen 16 to oxygen 18. Every 1 part per 1,000 that the ratio changes correlates to an about 4.5- to 5-degree [C, or 8.1 to 9 degrees F] change in temperature."
The researchers analyzed 40 samples taken from the site in Tunisia: 10 samples from the 50,000-year period before the impact, 20 samples from the 100,000 years immediately after the impact and additional 10 samples from the following 200,0000 years.
"We found that there was a really big difference in oxygen isotopes between these three sets of samples — unambiguous," said MacLeod.
He said he and his team now want to look at fossil samples from other parts of the world and check for similar patterns.
"It's one thing to find 5 degrees [C, 9 degrees F] of warming in North Africa. It's even more impressive to find 5 degrees of warming in North Africa and perhaps 10 degrees [C, 18 degrees F] of warming off the coast of Australia," he said. "That would really strengthen the idea that it's a global signal and a greenhouse gas-related change."
The study, MacLeod said, not only sheds more light on what happened to the Earth's systems after the devastating collision, but it also raises questions about the consequences of current human activities.
"If I were to draw a line under the lessons of this study for the modern era, it would be to contemplate the idea that what we are doing in our lifetimes will affect the Earth for the next 100,000 years, which is pretty daunting," MacLeod said.
Planetoïde-inslag die dino's fataal werd, verstoorde het klimaat sterker dan wij nu doen
Planetoïde-inslag die dino's fataal werd, verstoorde het klimaat sterker dan wij nu doen
Caroline Kraaijvanger
De aarde warmde rap 5 graden Celsius op.
Zo’n 66 miljoen jaar geleden klapte er een enorme ruimtesteen op de aarde. Het leidde tot een massa-extinctie, waarvan de dinosaurussen het bekendste slachtoffer zijn. Over de exacte oorzaken van die massa-extinctie is al veel gespeculeerd. Sommige onderzoekers denken dat de inslag leidde tot een enorme afkoeling van de aarde; de inslag zou grote branden hebben veroorzaakt waardoor roet in de atmosfeer werd geslingerd dat zonlicht tegenhield. Die afkoeling – recent onderzoek suggereert dat de temperaturen tot wel 26 graden Celsius daalden – zou een vernietigend effect hebben gehad op de aarde. Maar er zijn ook wetenschappers die stellen dat de inslag juist leidde tot opwarming. En wel doordat er na de inslag heel veel koolstof vrijkwam uit de aardkorst en ook de branden behoorlijk wat koolstof de lucht in slingerden. En die opwarming zou vervolgens heel wat plant- en diersoorten fataal zijn geworden.
Opwarming Beide scenario’s lijken heel aannemelijk. Maar er kan er maar eentje kloppen. Welke? Dat hebben Amerikaanse onderzoekers nu proberen vast te stellen. En ze komen tot de conclusie dat een rappe opwarming het meest aannemelijke scenario is.
Zuurstofisotopen Ze baseren zich op in Tunesië teruggevonden resten van vissen. Denk aan botten, maar ook tanden en schubben. De resten dateerden uit de tijd vóór en de periode na de planetoïde-inslag die onder meer de dino’s fataal werd. De onderzoekers richtten zich op de verhouding tussen twee zuurstofisotopen – zuurstof-16 en zuurstof-18 – in de dierlijke resten. Die verhouding is namelijk afhankelijk van de temperatuur en veranderingen in die verhouding kunnen dan ook wijzen op een temperatuurverandering. En jawel, na de planetoïde-inslag bleek die verhouding te veranderen, waarbij zuurstof-18 afnam. Het wijst op een temperatuurstijging van zo’n 5 graden Celsius. De resten onthullen bovendien dat de temperatuur lang hoog bleef; het duurde zeker 100.000 jaar voor de aarde weer afkoelde, zo schrijven de onderzoekers in het blad Science.
Het onderzoek geeft niet alleen meer inzicht in wat er 66 miljoen jaar geleden is gebeurd. Het heeft mogelijk ook implicaties voor de toekomst. Want net als 66 miljoen jaar geleden wordt het klimaatsysteem op dit moment flink verstoord. Niet door een inslag, maar door ons mensen. Door eerdere verstoringen in het klimaatsysteem te bestuderen, kunnen we een beter beeld krijgen van de impact die de moderne verstoring op onze planeet gaat hebben. Probleem is alleen dat de meeste historische verstoringen van het klimaatsysteem veel trager gingen dan vandaag de dag en daarom niet zo representatief zijn. Deze studie laat zien dat de klimaatverandering aan het einde van het Krijt – oftewel 66 miljoen jaar geleden – daarop een uitzondering vormt. Het is de enige klimaatverandering die sneller ging en ietsje heftiger was dan de klimaatverandering waar we nu middenin zitten. En daarmee kan deze klimaatverandering ons mogelijk een beter inzicht geven in hoe onze aarde onder invloed van onze uitstoot gaat veranderen. Erg rooskleurig lijkt het er op grond van die historische klimaatverandering – die maar liefst 100.000 jaar standhield – niet uit te zien.
Do Aliens Exist? The question still needs to be answered | Extraterrestrial Life
Do Aliens Exist? The question still needs to be answered | Extraterrestrial Life
Some people say that we all are not living alone in this entire universe. This means Aliens are real.
Some people also describe and narrate their own haunted experiences of aliensfollowing them in their night walks, mostly in the small town yards/fields in America.
All these things assembles our thoughts to think whether aliens exist or not. Also day by day increasing reports regarding the aliens evidence have increased our doubts much more.
Whatever you think you can relate to our thoughts below.
• Scientists are also confuse on the fact that is there any megastructure of alien orbiting a distant star ?
Flickering of a distant star was observed by scientists. Jason Wright, researcher was the first person to observe and suggest that aliens could be responsible for the flickering of the stars.
Tabby's Star
Last year in October new theory was explained behind the reason for a bizarre blinking of that distant star, i.e. Tabby's Star which caused it's light to dim eventualy. The light was being blocked by a huge object called a Dyson Sphere which is a theoretical structure built all around the star in order to harvest its energy. It was claimed that the behaviour of Tabby's Star was caused by a swarm of orbiting cometsthat block out the light or it could be result of complex phenomenon called avalache statistics. Also Read:-
• It is also believed that Alien Life (Extraterrestrials ) living in an ocean on Jupiter's moon
Europa, which is about the size of Earth's moon is believed by scientist that it has an ocean hidden beneath its frozen crust. It might be possible that scientist could find alien organisms if this turn to be correct.
Europa
Earlier it was thought that moon contain huge ocean as twice as much water as Earth's oceans.NASA also said that Europa, best place in solar system to look for present day life apart from our home planet.
They also believed it has found evidence vapour of water plumes becoming active on the surface of Jupiter's moon.
• There have been lots of evidences of ancient times regarding aliens and UFOs It was not easy or rather to say impossible for ancient people to find out the evidences of UFOand aliens. There is one ancient picture of The Madonna with Saint Giovannino which is also called UFO painting.
The Madonna with Saint Giovannino
It is a 15th century painting for which the debates continue till today. It depicts the Virgin Mary, in backdrop of the painting, a man and his dog staring at a disk-like object that is suspiciously familiar (ufo). This (painting) is not only the evidences of alien life in ancient times but the ancient cave paintings and Sanskrit Scrolls are also depicting alien life. It is also in the Bible in The Book of Ezekiel. •From the ancient evidences of aliens one more question rises is : Do the aliens trying to contact us ? Since number of strange signals from distant stars have been recieved in recent years so some of the scientists and experts believe that aliens could be trying to contact us. Now regarding this topic lots of debate gone on air and went off but ultimately none of us can get any satisfactory evidence about it.
Frank Drake
The likelihood of the existence of alien life was estimated by devising an equation by astronomer Frank Drake in 1961. And trust me or not there are around hundreds of thousands of such planets exist (technically). For More Info:
•Coming to the astronomers, many reports have been taken which indicates aliens life There have been many reports regarding the UFOs. Many of the astronomers, who got there in space claims the sightings. Edgar Mitchell, Dr. Brian O'Leary also calimed the same.
UFO
The calims got more stronger when Buzz Aldrin shared his on board experience of Apollo 11when they saw that something was flying alongside them. They thought it was the detached rocket's final stage but the thinking was wrong untill mission control confirmed that it was more than 600 miles away. •There are many several individual experience of aliens and their existence. Several exoplanets have already been spotted which are outside our solar system. Kepler-NASA planet finding Spacecraft, discovered more than 400 exoplanets since its launch in 2009.
According to the reports 216 Earth like exoplanets have been found within GoldilocksZone. Since it is located thousands of light years away they are out of our reach which is turning to be the main problem. Many dwarf planets have been found but still the doubts remained as doubts regarding theexistence of the alien and aliens life. Where they live ? Have aliens visited our earth? Question still to be answered...
That's all from this blog. Hope you like it. I upload this types of blogs regularly and all of us will reveal the mysteries of universe and space.
COUPLE SAW ’40 UFOS’ HOVERING OVER BRITISH BEACH BEFORE MAJOR MILITARY OPERATION
COUPLE SAW ’40 UFOS’ HOVERING OVER BRITISH BEACH BEFORE MAJOR MILITARY OPERATION
The husband and wife, aged in their 80s, who have not been named claim to have witnessed the phenomenal sight over Wilsthorpe Beach in East Yorkshire.
Paranormal investigator Paul Sinclair tells their story in a new book he is penning about the Wilsthorpe Incident, which has been branded Britain’s new Roswell due to the mysterious military activity seemingly connected to UFO sightings.
The couple’s bizarre claims concern the night of September 14 2009 at 11pm.
They lived in one of 30 flats that overlook the sea at Wilsthorpe.
The pair decided to go to bed, however, as the woman went to turn off the lights, she saw a glow outside.
Mr Sinclair said “something told her to look outside” before she opened the front door and looked out to sea where she was amazed to see several glowing UFOs above the coast.
Mr Sinclair said she described them as 15-feet long and eight-feet wide “spaceships over the sea”.
He said: “She said there was a huge circle of boomerang-shaped craft.
“She said there were loads – 30 to 40 and the sea below was bubbling, banging and crashing.
“They were silent, but there was electricity going into the sea.
“Ron (her husband) said it was like a blue and white Christmas tree over the sea. He was frightened and left after ten minutes and put his head under the pillow for the night.
“But, she told me she was not frightened and knew she was never going to see anything like it again in her life.”
She stayed for around half and hour before the objects began to “lift out of the circle in pairs at a 45 degree angle until just two were left which shot off straight up.”
Two Chinook helicopters full of RAF personnel landed at the beach by the remote hamlet.
Mr Sinclair also spoke with a man who runs a bait shop at Bridlington Harbour, who told him his bait diggers had seen “triangle” craft enter the sea in 2009 over the same period.
He said two of his bait diggers had been on Wilsthorpe Beach the day the couple saw the military operation.
They told of seeing “triangles entering the sea” and later “being surrounded by soldiers.”
Separately a man working on a boat at Blythe Park boat compound also confirmed the military presence, he said.
Mr Sinclair submitted a Freedom of Information request to the Ministry of Defence (MoD) to find out why the operation took place on September 15.
However, the response he eventually received, said it was just a “routine military exercise” and few other details were provided.
The reply said “no live ammunition was used” and “any explosions heard were controlled detonations of simulated ammunitions.”
The response added that it was “one of a number of regular exercises” as part of work to defend the UK, and new locations would often be used with landowners’ consent.
Mr Sinclair continues to investigate the case and is trying to obtain historic coast guard reports from the period.
He believes it is connected to a high level of reported UFO activity along a 25-mile stretch of the East Yorkshire and North Yorkshire coast from Brandesburton in East Yorkshire to Scarborough, North Yorkshire, between May and September 2009.
High levels of military aircraft flying low and circling near his home in Bridlington, East Yorkshire, were also recorded that September.
Mr Sinclair said the case did not yet prove a UFO presence, but: “I think the military arrived because of the objects.”
In a post on his Truth Proof Facebook page about the case, he wrote: “Nothing found can prove with any certainty the UFOs were over the sea as an elderly couple claim, or that the black triangles entered the sea in September 2009 like the bait diggers described.
“All I can do is stack the evidence for and against, either side of the scale.”
PENTAGON’S OFFICIAL UFO REPORT ON ‘OTHERWORLDLY’ ENCOUNTER BETWEEN F/A-18S AND UFO SURFACES
PENTAGON’S OFFICIAL UFO REPORT ON ‘OTHERWORLDLY’ ENCOUNTER BETWEEN F/A-18S AND UFO SURFACES
One of the most famous and recently talked about UFO sightings occurred in 2004 when an unidentified flying object nicknamed the ‘Tic Tac’ was intercepted and chased by U.S. Navy Hornets. The news was picked up last year when the world found out about a secretive Pentagon program to investigate UFO encounters.
Now, declassified documents regarding the Tic-Tac UFO, composed by the Pentagon’s Advanced Aviation Threat Identification Program (AATIP) have been released to the public revealed incredible features displayed by the UFO, as it was being chased by US fighter pilots.
The official report by the Pentagons came to the following conclusions:
The UFO was able to ‘cloak’ itself, becoming invisible visually to the naked eye.
The craft manifested extreme performance but did not have lifting structures or control surfaces required for traditional flight.
The ‘Anomalous Aerial Vehicle’ was of unknown origin and represented technology not currently in the possession of the U.S. or any other nation.
In recent years, a treasure trove of declassified UFO-related documents has been released to the public, and with them, we have learned that our governments have paid particular attention to the study of Unidentified Flying Objects.
Furthermore, it has been proven—based on the declassified documents—that fighter pilots as well as ordinary pilots, have come across flying objects which they believe, display ‘aerial qualities, unlike any known aircraft.’
Tic-Tac UFO—not from this world?
In December of 2017, the New York Times revealed the existence of a secret Pentagon program that investigated the threats posed by possible UFOs.
“It takes off like nothing I’ve ever seen,” retired Navy pilot David Fravor, who was flying one of the fighter jets that day, told the New York Times. “One minute it’s here, and off it’s gone.”
The most interesting was the encounter of an unidentified object with two fighters (with video included).
Now, new reports have been published about what happened.
“The UFO was reported to be ‘an elongated egg or a Tic Tac shape with a discernable midline horizontal axis”. It was “solid white, smooth, with no edges. It was “uniformly colored with no nacelles, pylons, or wings.” It was approximately 46 feet in length. The F/A-10Fs could not obtain a ‘lock’ on the AAV; however, it could be tracked while stationary and slower speeds with the Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR),” the declassified report reads.
Among the various reports analyzed by the Pentagon’s Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification program, there was a video showing a white, oval object that was being chased by two F / A-18F fighters off the coast of California in 2004.
The encounter, which since then has been called “The Tic Tac UFO,” moved at high speeds and had no apparent means of propulsion.
This report describes how the anomalous air vehicle (AAV) seen by the two pilots was able to of “descending” very fast “from approximately 60,000 feet to approximately 50 feet in a matter of seconds“.
Also, “it stayed floating or remained motionless on the radar for a short time and then departed at high speeds and turns.”
The report also details what are believed to be advanced features of the AAV, which had apparently been detected by an aircraft carrier off the coast of California “three times separately” in the days before it was intercepted by the F18.
The UFO was able to obtain an “advanced acceleration, aerodynamic and propulsion capacity.”
The object was not susceptible to the army’s radar capabilities and possibly manifested some kind of ability to ‘hide’ or become invisible to the human eye or human observation and a highly advanced ability to operate in the sea completely undetectable by our more advanced sensors.
The Report comes to six conclusions in total.
Read them carefully.
“It was obvious there was something out there and the fighters were taking it seriously,” the report reads.
The ‘Anomalous Aerial Vehicle’ was of unknown origin and represented technology not currently in the possession of the U.S. or any other nation.
It featured broadband RF stealth making the use of radar against it largely ineffective.
The craft manifested extreme performance but did not have lifting structures or control surfaces required for traditional flight.
It showed that it has some kind of advanced propulsion capability making it able to go instantly from hovering to very high speed and to make very abrupt course changes.
It was able to ‘cloak’ itself, becoming invisible visually to the naked eye.
Possibly capable of operating undersea without being detected by the most advanced sub-surface sensors.
One of the most fascinating details, witnessed by the Navy pilots was s disturbance caused by the mysterious UFO.
The pilot reported how a “disturbance appeared to be 50 to 100 meters in diameter and close to round” and “reminded him of images of something rapidly submerging from the surface like a submarine or ship sinking.”
“It is possible that the disturbance was being caused by an AAV, but that the AAV was ‘cloaked’ or invisible to the human eye,” the report concludes. “At no time did they consider the AAV a threat to the battle group. Finally, they had never seen anything like this before and never again.”
THIS IS THE WORLD’S LARGEST CAVE, AND IT CAN FIT 4 GREAT PYRAMIDS INSIDE IT
THIS IS THE WORLD’S LARGEST CAVE, AND IT CAN FIT 4 GREAT PYRAMIDS INSIDE IT
There are truly mysterious places on Earth and this supermassive cave is surely one such place. Seeing the footage from inside the cave will surely give you goosebumps.
One of them is a supermassive cave that can fit four Great Pyramids inside it. Its one of the worlds largest cave chambers, and entering it feels like a journey to the underworld.
The cave is located in the mountainous region of Ziyoun County in China. The Miao Room cavern measures 380.7 million cubic feet—10.78 million cubic meters—in volume. The cave system can fit up to 22 football fields and is located around 325 feet below the surface.
Furthermore, the 2,795 feet-long cave chambers can also comfortably fit a Boeing 747.
The supermassive structure is composed of eight main caverns and more than 200 entrances.
In fact, the cave is so big that it is considered the largest cave in the world in terms of volume and is the second largest cave in terms of surface area.
Having approximate dimensions of about nine kilometers, Hang Son Doong has its own underground river and impressive vegetation that forms a dense jungle.
Studies carried out by the group of scientists of the British Association of Cave Research as well as those of the National Geographic cartography team, who analyzed the measurements of the cave system, found that the largest cavity has more than five kilometers in length, it is 200 meters high and 150 meters wide. While the cave itself was first documented by a Chinese-European geology team in 1989, its true size was not determined until 2013.
Image Credit: National Geographic: Juan Velasco/Martin Gamache/Lauren James/NGM Staff/Stefan Fichtel/Ixtract Gmbh/Joe Beeching
During several expeditions, the teams also discovered stalagmites with more than 70 meters in height.
But not only does this massive cave system features its own underground river and jungle, it is also decorated with a maze of fossils and crystals.
UFO sightings are a dime a dozen these days, and they have been for a while, but back in December the New York Times released the results of an investigation into the US military’s monitoring of UFO claims and came up with something totally wild. It was a video released by the Pentagon that shows US Navy pilots tracking the movements of a totally unexplainable aircraft. Now, a local news team from Las Vegas has obtained a military report that offers even more details on the sighting, and the story is somehow becoming even more bizarre than it already was.
The report (PDF here) {TIC TAC UFO EXECUTIVE REPORT_1526682843046_42960218_ver1.0.pdf }explains in great details how a US Navy aircraft carrier played a strange game of hide and seek with multiple Anomalous Aerial Vehicles (AAVs) that demonstrated flight characteristics that should be downright impossible to pull off.
The sightings began on November 10, 2004, and lasted for several days. The objects would appear on the carrier’s radar systems for short periods, seeming to hover still, and then fly off at high speeds.
Confused by exactly what was going on, the crew decided to investigate. When the object appeared again a few days later a pair of F/A-18Fs was directed to check out the strange signals. The result is the now famous video showing the “Tic-Tac” shaped UFO cruising along at incredibly high speeds and making rapid changes in altitude.
In the new report, the object is described as “solid white, smooth, with no edges,” and being “uniformly colored with no nacelles, pylons, or wings.” The report says the object was estimated to be about 46 feet long. By comparison, the F/A-18 fighters that were trailing it measure around 56 feet in length, meaning that whatever it was that the Navy spotted could feasibly hold one or more human-sized individuals.
The pilot said they never felt as though the object was a threat, but the report notes that the AAV seemed to react to the presence of the jets, “demonstrating an advanced acceleration, aerodynamic, and propulsion capability.”
Throughout the several days of seeing the object come and go, the Navy says it may have demonstrated the ability to “cloak” and disappear to the human eye. Its rapid descent from 60,000 feet to just 50 feet before disappearing also made officials consider the possibility that it was capable of operating underwater, effortlessly moving from the air to the sea at will.
NEW MASS SIGHTING: Large group of UFOs seen in three USA locations on same day
NEW MASS SIGHTING: Large group of UFOs seen in three USA locations on same day
Details of the sightings have been reported to the National UFO Reporting Center (NUFORC), based in the US, which investigates and records such sightings.
One incident happened at 12.45pm in Pasadena, California, when at least five “circular UFOs” were seen.
The unnamed witness said in a report to NUFORC: “My cousin went outside to throw away the trash after we finished eating breakfast.
“He then returns and tells everyone that their are UFO’s outside.
“I thought he was joking but his wife went outside to look first my wife followed and then my kids and I followed.
“I looked up and in the sky I saw shiny dots in the sky. I observed the objects and then returned inside to get my iPhone to document what I saw.
“We continued watching the objects for 15 minutes or so. Everyone else went back inside and I continued watching the UFOs.”
The witness later saw a father and son, and showed them the objects in the sky.
He said: “I asked if they looked like drones. He replied, ‘No Way’.
Groups of UFOs were seen over three US locations the same day.
“I observed planes in the air and compared them to what I saw and the objects were much higher. “The objects seemed to hover and remain still. One was slowly moving as the others remained still.
“I was able to observe the UFO’s for close to an hour.”
NUFORC said: “Seven observers witness a cluster of at least five tiny white objects that hovered almost motionless in a clear, cloudless sky, for approximately an hour.
“High-quality video footage of the event accompanied the written report.
“Our initial thought was that the objects might have been seagulls soaring in upwelling wind, but the objects do not appear to look, or behave, like birds.”
Express.co.uk showed the video to Scott Brando, who runs debunking website Ufoofinterest.org.
He said he believes they were just a group of helium balloons that had been caught on the wind and were slowly rising away.
The second sighting was at 2.30pm, also on January 13, about 90 miles to the south in Carlsbad, California, when five oval or circular orbs were seen.
The witness was testing out new binoculars.
He wrote to NUFORC: “While I was scanning some edges of a few clouds and some contrails looking towards the west over the ocean around 2.30pm, I noticed one very outstanding whitish looking object, between egg and football shaped but sometimes looking more round and other times having more of a top shape.
The cases are being investigated by NUFORC, but Scott Brando says they were balloons and lanterns.
“I had to assume that possibly the changing viewing angle had something to do with shape change although at times the object seemed to either be vibrating or rotating.
“That object suddenly appeared and was very slowly moving towards the ocean and back nearly directly overhead just above where I live.
“As I continued watching I noticed another object moving very slowly, coming directly out of the setting sun direction and moving very slowly in direct horizontal line towards the first object in what looked like a collision course.
“These objects went from a white colour to sometimes a shimmering metallic or reflective mylar look but it wasn’t solid looking when it began shimmering it seemed to flash as if it had multiple surfaces.
“As I continued to view the two objects I watched a third that seemed to drop down from above my focus to an altitude similar to the other two objects and north of them again the three manoeuvred back into a horizontal line with quite a bit of distance between each other.
“After that manoeuvre, they then broke the line and moved closer to form a triangular formation and slowly moved out towards the ocean and then back towards my viewing position.
“After watching these slow manoeuvres for some time I noticed a fourth and fifth object materialising or moving from very high in the sky down towards the other objects and as these other two became about the same size as the others they all formed another horizontal line from north to south, evenly spaced, and kept that formation for a short while.”
Conspiracy theorists believed remains of UFO spacecrafts were stored at Area 51, and that government scientists were researching the remains to engineer the aliens technology
Then, at around 8pm the same day more than 2,000 miles away in Hollywood, Florida, there was another sighting of “numerous orange lights above the coastline,” by a law enforcement officer.
The witness said simply: “Numerous orange lights observed moving slowly above the ocean from north to south.
“All lights disappeared simultaneously.”
NUFORC was also sent video.
It said: “NUFORC is attempting to determine what the wind direction and velocity were at the time of the sighting, in attempt to rule out the possibility that the lights may have been sky lanterns, or so-called ‘Chinese’ lanterns.”
Chinese lanterns are often mistaken for UFOs as they drift in groups before disappearing as the internal flame goes out.
Mr Brando said the second sighting in Carlsbad was likely to be the same helium balloons travelling south.
He believes the objects seen in Florida were Chinese lanterns and unrelated.
According to historical accounts, Menes was the first pharaoh of the first dynasty, with whom the human history of Egypt began; He had been ‘implanted’ directly by the gods, to whom he was supposedly related.
Along with the unification of upper and lower Egypt, this historical feat also brought writing, art, agriculture and craft techniques to the land of the Pharaohs.
Obviously, such processes were much slower than that myth tells us; in particular, the political unification was the final result of long struggles to impose a central power on the decentralism of local communities. The last phase was the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, that is, the unification of the valley and the delta of the Nile.
The latter was the work of Narmer, a pharaoh of Upper Egypt, who has been identified as the legendary mortal pharaoh Menes. Narmer appears represented crushing his enemies in the famous “Narmer Palette” also known as the Great Hierakonpolis Palette or the Palette of Narmer, found in Hierakonpolis.
The date commonly given for the beginning of Menes’ reign is 3100 BC.
Other major estimates that use both the historical method and radiocarbon dating place it in the range 3273—2320 BC.
This Palette contains what experts believe are the earliest hieroglyphic inscriptions ever found, and it depicts the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the king Narmer.
On one side of the Palette, we see the Pharaoh depicted with the bulbed White Crown of Upper Egypt. The other side of the stone depicts the king wearing the level Red Crown of Lower Egypt.
According to experts, the Narmer Palette provides one of the earliest known depictions of an Egyptian ruler.
In addition to the Narmer Palette, an ivory plaque excavated at Naqada bears both the names “Aha” and “Men” (Menes).
But despite the fact that Menes is proven to have existed, his true identity is a subject of debate, although the general Egyptologist consensus identifies Narmer with the pharaoh Menes of the I dynasty, who is also credited with the unification of Egypt as the first pharaoh. This conclusion is solely based on the above-mentioned palette.
Narmer or Menes?
History tells us they may have been one the same.
If we take a look at the work of Manetho, a 3rd-century-BCE Egyptian historian, we will find that he refers to Egypt’s first (mortal) pharaoh as Menes. Furthermore, the 5th-century-BCE Greek historian Herodotus referred to Menes as Min, and two native-king lists of the 19th dynasty (13th century BCE) call him Meni.
Modern scholars, however, have inconclusively identified the legendary Menes with one or more of the archaic Egyptian kings bearing the names Scorpion, Narmer, and Aha.
According to the Turin Papyrus and the History of Herodotus, he is also the founding father of Memphis—the capital of ancient Egypt during the Old Kingdom
Ancient Egyptian priests told the Greek writer Herodotus – who considers himself the founder of history as a scientific discipline – that to build the city, Menes ordered to divert the Nile channel and build a dam.
One of the most amazing details about Menes’ reign was written down by Herodotus who claimed that Menes was responsible for the draining of the plain of Memphis and founding the Egyptian capital there. According to Manetho, Menes reigned for 62 years and was killed by a hippopotamus.
Menes is also believed to have introduced the worship of Gods and sacrifice to ancient Egypt.
If we take a look at the work of Pliny, we will see that he credit’s Menes as the bringer of wiring to ancient Egypt.
By comparing data from the 1st-ever Pluto flyby and a 1st-ever comet rendezvous mission, scientists developed what they call ‘the giant comet’ model of Pluto formation.
When the New Horizons spacecraft swept past the Pluto system in July 2015, it captured this image of a glacial expanse rich in nitrogen, carbon monoxide and methane ices. This is Sputnik Planitia. It forms the left lobe of the large, heart-shaped feature on Pluto’s surface.
Image via NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/SwRI.
The idea of smaller bodies in space sticking together to make larger ones isn’t new. In fact, Earth and the other major planets are thought to have formed in just that way, billions of years ago, after what astronomers call planetesimals – rocklike objects orbiting the young sun – began colliding with one another. So the idea of Pluto forming from a billion comets seems logical enough. After all, Pluto orbits in the outer solar system, where things are colder. The outer solar system is the realm of icy comets, still sometimes called dirty snowballs. Since the New Horizons spacecraft passed Pluto in July 2015, astronomers have had unprecedented data about this planet. That’s how two scientists from the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) in Boulder, Colorado, were able to scrutinize this idea, developing what they call the giant comet cosmochemical model of Pluto formation.
The SwRI scientists used New Horizons’ data to take a hard look at Pluto’s composition. They compared what they learned about Pluto with data from a first-of-its kind comet mission, called Rosetta. In the Rosetta mission, a spacecraft accompanied a comet in its orbit around the sun for about two years.
Tombaugh Regio is the name for Pluto’s heart-shaped feature. Sputnik Planitia forms the heart’s left lobe.
Image via New Horizonsspacecraft/NASA/JHUAPL/SwRI.
The SwRI scientists looked specifically at the nitrogen-rich ice in a region of Pluto called Sputnik Planitia. That is the large glacier that forms the left lobe of the bright heart-shaped feature seen in New Horizon images. Christopher Gleinof SwRI, the new study’s lead author, commented in a statement:
We found an intriguing consistency between the estimated amount of nitrogen inside the glacier and the amount that would be expected if Pluto was formed by the agglomeration of roughly a billion comets or other Kuiper Belt objects similar in chemical composition to 67P, the comet explored by Rosetta.
He added:
Our research suggests that Pluto’s initial chemical makeup, inherited from cometary building blocks, was chemically modified by liquid water, perhaps even in a subsurface ocean.
For their new study, the scientists also investigated a possible model of Pluto’s formation, in which the dwarf planet formed from very cold ices with chemical composition more closely matching that of the sun than comets. They commented:
…the solar model also satisfies some constraints. While the research pointed to some interesting possibilities, many questions remain to be answered.
New Horizons gave us our first glimpse of Pluto when it swept past the planet in 2015. It also provided information on the composition of Pluto’s atmosphere and surface. These maps — assembled using New Horizons data — indicate regions rich in methane (CH4), nitrogen (N2), carbon monoxide (CO) and water (H2O) ices. Sputnik Planitia shows an especially strong signature of nitrogen near the equator. SwRI scientists combined these data with Rosetta’s comet 67P data to develop a proposed “giant comet” model for Pluto formation.
Image via NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/SwRI.
Bottom line: By comparing data from the 1st-ever Pluto flyby and a 1st-ever comet rendezvous mission, scientists developed what they call ‘the giant comet’ model of Pluto formation.
It’s often said that if you can remember the 60’s, you probably weren’t there. A similar adage may be true about another event: If you can remember seeing the EmDrive work, you probably weren’t there. That’s because the EmDrive doesn’t work, at least according to German scientists who attempted to recreate NASA’s “successful” experiment and showed that it couldn’t have worked because it’s impossible. When in the name of Nikolas Tesla and Newton’s Third Law of Motion did that ever stop anybody?
A corollary to the aforementioned EmDrive adage is: If you can explain it, you don’t understand it. In the simplest of terms, the EmDrive is a conical radio frequency (RF) resonant cavity thruster that was said to create propellantless propulsion by shooting microwaves inside the cone which pushed against the narrow front end and propelled the craft forward … to infinity and beyond. First designed by engineer Roger Sawyer in 2001, it challenged scientists (not to mention Newton’s Third Law of Motion) until 2014 when NASA claimed its Advanced Propulsion Physics Laboratory (Eagleworks Laboratories) had defeated “for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction” and created measurable propellantless thrust.
“Bull hockey!” (or some form of that) said everyone who believed Newton’s Law was one of the things holding our fragile universe together. ‘Everyone’ includes a team in Germany led by Martin Tajmar of the Institute of Aerospace Engineering at Technische Universität Dresden. They set out to either create their own better EmDrive or prove NASA wrong and Sir Isaac right. According to their paper, presented last week at the Space Propulsion 2018 conference held in Seville, Spain, the researchers followed NASA’s design, built an EmDrive called SpaceDrive, tested it in a vacuum and measured … something. Was it propellantless thrust?
NASA’s EmDrive
Rest easy, Sir Isaac.
“First measurement campaigns were carried out with both thruster models reaching thrust/thrust-to-power levels comparable to claimed values. However, we found that e.g. magnetic interaction from twisted-pair cables and amplifiers with the Earth’s magnetic field can be a significant error source for EMDrives.”
It was the cables! Tajmar’s team determined that what NASA detected and thought to be propellantless thrust from the EmDrive was actually just a reaction between the EmDrive’s twisted-pair cables and Earth’s magnetic field. What is the German word for ‘Gotcha!’?
So German space travelers won’t be flying to infinity and beyond in an EmDrive-powered spacecraft anytime soon. However, the team made sure to point out to their investors and donors that the project was not a total loss.
“At least, SpaceDrive is an excellent educational project by developing highly demanding test setups, evaluating theoretical models and possible experimental errors. It’s a great learning experience with the possibility to find something that can drive space exploration into its next generation.”
The Earth is a mysterious place. We might think we have a handle on all of the natural phenomena which occur around us, but the truth is we likely have no idea just how strange our planet is. Case in point: scientists this week announced the first ever known instance of a beam of antimatter blasting downward like a lightning strike in the middle of a powerful hurricane. What kinds of havoc could such a beam wreak on any unfortunate souls below?
I’d rather not find out the hard way.
Luckily for us, the beam appears to have not made it past the lower atmosphere. The beam was detected by a team of NOAA researchers who flew a specially-equipped “Hurricane Hunter” aircraft directly through the eyewall of the cyclone during its peak intensity, giving a rare glimpse into the phenomena which accompany which storms. Scientists have known that terrestrial gamma-ray flashes, powerful beams of anti-electrons, sometimes occur in the atmosphere. However, this recent sighting is the first time such a beam has been observed travelling downward – or even directly observed at all.
Scientists are only in the last few decades beginning to identify and study all manners of strange atmospheric phenomena like the red sprites pictured here.
David Smith, a professor of physics at UC Santa Cruz and one of the researchers involved in the published study of the beam, says despite the direct observation, the event ultimately remains an anomaly:
What we saw in the aircraft are the gamma-rays produced by the downward positron beam. It’s an extraordinary event, and we still don’t understand how it gets so bright. This is the first confirmation of that theoretical prediction, and it shows that TGFs are piercing the atmosphere from top to bottom with high-energy radiation.
According to a UC Santa Cruz press release, the beam was observed “amid the extreme violence” of Hurricane Patricia, the most intense tropical cyclone ever recorded in the Western Hemisphere and the second-most intense cyclone worldwide. The storm pounded the west coast of Mexico in late 2015, causing 13 fatalities and an estimated $460 million USD worth of damage throughout Central America, Mexico, and Texas.
One of the most disconcerting developments over the last few years has been the rise in unexplained booms or explosion noises being heard all across the United States. While many theories about their origins have been put forward, to date no definitive cause has been identified. Of course, it could be that many of these mystery booms are unrelated, but the fact is that nearly all of the stories sound identical. What could be causing these anomalous noises? Unknown seismic activity? Hydraulic fracking? Meteorites? Secret tests of classified aerospace technology? Domestic terrorists testing explosives?
Who knows? Until a cause is found, these mysterious booming noises remain a total mystery. While coverage and interest in these anomalous sounds seem to have so far been confined to local news outlets and mystery news sites like this one, it seems that these unexplained booms have now attracted the attention in the highest law enforcement agency in the United States: the FBI.
On May 22, homes throughout Upper Bucks and Lehigh Counties just north of Philadelphia were rattled by an extremely loud explosion around 4:00 a.m. “It’s a rumble. It actually, like, rumbles the ground like an earthquake would happen but with a loud like boom. I thought that somebody was making a tunnel or space junk fell out of the sky,” said area woman Susan Crompton. There have been multiple reports of similar booms in the area over the last few months, all of which have occurred early in the morning hours. Just like in other recent mystery boom stories, the sounds have been described as “mysterious and near-deafening,” loud enough to shake the ground for miles.
I’m going with secret aircraft testing.
CBS News in Philadelphia has confirmed that the Federal Bureau of Investigation and Pennsylvania State Police are now working together to investigate the cause of these anomalous booms. Can the FBI crack the case? Will they reveal the truth to the public if they do?
OVERTUIGEND BEWIJS VAN BUITENAARDSE ONTVOERINGEN ( VIDEO)
OVERTUIGEND BEWIJS VAN BUITENAARDSE ONTVOERINGEN ( VIDEO)
Door de jaren heen zijn er natuurlijk talloze verhalen geweest van mensen die vertellen dat ze zijn meegenomen aan boord van buitenaardse schepen.
Echter, er is ook een behoorlijk grote groep mensen die geen weet heeft van enige ontvoering, maar wel de lichamelijke gevolgen daarvan vertoont.
Nog altijd is het onderwerp buitenaards leven en de aanwezigheid daarvan op onze planeet een onderwerp waarbij mensen het plotseling nodig vinden om te gaan giechelen of om flauwe grappen te maken.
Het zal ook ongetwijfeld te maken hebben met een bepaald soort angst voor het onbekende en als we dan het maar belachelijk maken, dan kunnen we op die manier die angst voor het onbekende weg duwen.
De vele mensen met fysieke kenmerken die niet op een natuurlijke manier zijn ontstaan, zijn echter niet te negeren.
En in dat kader komt Tyler van Secureteam met een leuk verhaal. Het voordeel van een groot kanaal zoals hij dat heeft, is dat hij ook veel berichten krijgt van zijn abonnees en daar zitten vaak interessante dingen bij.
Zo kreeg hij in december 2016 een aantal opnames opgestuurd van een jonge vrouw die vreemde markeringen op haar arm ontdekte. Het waren niet echt grote littekens, maar toch zeker wel iets wat er enige tijd daarvoor niet gezeten had en als je goed kijkt, dan zie je inderdaad een aantal markeringen.
Tyler had haar toen geadviseerd om een röntgenfoto van die arm te laten maken, maar hij heeft verder nooit meer iets van haar gehoord.
Nu kreeg hij onlangs weer een aantal beelden opgestuurd en weer van een jonge vrouw met vergelijkbare markeringen op haar arm.
Wanneer je beiden naast elkaar zet, dan zie je dat ze veel op elkaar lijken.
Ook deze vrouw kreeg het advies van Tyler om een röntgenfoto te laten maken en zij volgde inderdaad zijn advies op en toen de foto gemaakt was, bleek er inderdaad iets te zitten zoals te zien op de volgende afbeelding.
De vrouw in kwestie zal binnenkort worden geopereerd om te kijken wat zich daar precies bevindt en daarmee is zij één van de vele mensen die rondlopen met een implantaat dat meestal niet te identificeren is. Ook zijn deze implantaten op een dusdanige manier aangebracht dat ze volledig zijn vergroeid of ingekapseld waardoor ze operatief heel moeilijk te verwijderen zijn.
In de onderstaande video gaat Tyler verder in op dit fenomeen en ook het vele werk wat er op dit gebied is verricht door de inmiddels overleden Dr. Roger Leir.
Het door Tyler beschreven fenomeen komt wereldwijd voor en ook wij hadden enkele jaren geleden een praktijkgeval, uit Maastricht, dat leek op bovengenoemde voorbeelden.
Een deel van dat eerdere artikel volgt hierna en mochten er mensen zijn die ook denken dat ze markeringen/littekens of een andere ervaring hebben met betrekking tot buitenaardse ontvoering, dan horen wij dat graag.
Na plaatsing van het artikel ontvingen wij het volgende email bericht van een lezer (dank!):
Ik heb dat artikel gelezen van die studente op jullie site en het vreemde is dat ze vermelde :
"Fysiek voelde ze zich moe na de verschijning ". Dat is een van de meest voorkomende symptomen van een alien ontvoering . Raar dat niemand daar op in is gegaan en haar heeft onderzocht op kleine letsels.
Vanwege de naam dachten wij in eerste instantie te maken te hebben met een vrouw, maar dat blijkt niet het geval.
We hebben de vraag van bovengenoemde lezer doorgestuurd naar de getuige in Maastricht en kregen het volgende antwoord:
De dag na de verschijning (Zaterdag) Heb ik bijna de hele dag geslapen! Toen ik wakker werd had ik last van een tintelend gevoel in mijn linker arm, hier heb ik echter niks achter gezocht tot ik uw mail las.
Ik heb gister toch maar eens mijn arm gecontroleerd, en ik zag deze 3 plekken die ik niet thuis kan brengen. Dit kan natuurlijk toevallig zijn omdat ik er nu op gelet heb, maar misschien is het wat. Misschien dat u dat weet ! Ik heb een foto bijgevoegd.
Hier volgen een tweetal foto’s van de linkerarm, waarbij de tweede behoorlijk is vergroot.
Wat hebben nu concreet.
Een vreemd gevoel tijdens de waarneming:
Net voor ik het zag voelde ik iets wat ik niet beschrijven kan. een soort spiritueel gevoel dat zei dat ik moest opletten. Toen zag ik een gloed. Daarna een grote vermoeidheid.
Fysiek voelde ik me moe na de verschijning.
Die vermoeidheid die zich dan vervolgens vertaalt in bijna een hele dag slapen:
De dag na de verschijning (Zaterdag) Heb ik bijna de hele dag geslapen!
Dan een tintelend gevoel in de linkerarm nadat de getuige wakker wordt. En als laatste, drie merkwaardige merktekens op de linkerarm die er eerst niet waren en waarvan de getuige geen idee heeft hoe deze op de arm terecht zijn gekomen.
Dit lijkt allemaal geen toeval te kunnen zijn. Alhoewel de getuige zelf niet het idee heeft dat er iets bijzonders heeft plaatsgevonden:
“Zoals ik aangaf had ik voor de verschijning een "gevoel" en was ik daarna erg moe. Daar tussen denk ik niet dat er tijd weg is want alles is mij gewoon helder.”
De lezer die met de opmerking kwam of er misschien sprake was van een buitenaardse ontvoering, voegt nog de volgende informatie toe.
Er zijn voor zover ik weet 2 types ontvoeringen de fysieke en de psychische .
Bij de eerste word je letterlijk aan boord gehaald en worden er medische tests op je gedaan. Meestal krijg je ook via telepathie tijdens een onderzoek beelden over de aarde toegestuurd over verleden heden en toekomst . Waarom weet nog niemand. Er zijn er die denken dat dat is om je reactie te zien op al de ellende hier .
Maar er zijn er ook die denken dat ze ons attent willen maken op onze manier van leven. Dat we de aarde en de mensheid aan het vernielen zijn en ons willen waarschuwen voor onze eigen toekomst .
De tweede is is een outer body experience. Je verlaat je lichaam en word onderworpen aan mentale tests. Als die voorbij zijn schiet je wakker door dat het lijkt alsof je uit de lucht word gedropt terug in je lichaam en word meestal gevolgd door nachtmerries de volgende nachten.
De vraag is nu, is er inderdaad “iets” gebeurd met deze getuige in Maastricht gerelateerd aan zijn UFO waarneming of berust het allemaal op toeval?
The US Department of Defense funded a series of studies on advanced aerospace technologies, including warp drives.
The studies came out of a program that also funded research into UFO sightings.
One report describes the possibility of using dark energy to warp space and effectively travel faster than light.
However, a theoretical physicist says there's "zero chance that anyone within our lifetimes or the next 1,000 years" will see it happen.
Sometime after August 2008, the US Department of Defense contracted dozens of researchers to look into some very, very out-there aerospace technologies, including never-before-seen methods of propulsion, lift, and stealth.
Two researchers came back with a 34-page report for the "propulsion" category titled, "Warp Drive, Dark Energy and the Manipulation of Extra Dimensions".
The document is dated April 2, 2010, though it was only recently released by the Defense Intelligence Agency. (Business Insider first learned about in a post by Paul Szoldra at Task & Purpose.) The authors suggest we may not be too far away from cracking the mysteries of higher, unseen dimensions and negative or "dark energy" — a repulsive force that physicists believe is pushing the universe apart at ever-faster speeds.
"Control of this higher dimensional space may bе а source of technological control оvеr the dark energy density and could ultimately play а role in the development of exotic propulsion technologies; specifically, а warp drive," the authors write. "[T]rips to the planets within our own solar system would take hours rather than years, and journeys to local star system would be measured in weeks rather than hundreds of thousands of years."
However, Sean Carroll, a theoretical physicist at Caltech who studies and follows the topics covered by the report, had a lot of cold water to pour on the report's optimism.
"It's bits and pieces of theoretical physics dressed up as if it has something to do with potentially real-world applications, which it doesn't." Carroll said. "This is not crackpot. This is not the Maharajah saying we're going to use spirit energy to fly off the ground — this is real physics. But this is not something that's going to connect with engineering anytime soon, probably anytime ever."
James Т. Lacatski, a Defense Intelligence Agency official listed as a contact on the report, did not immediately to respond a query from Business Insider.
The nature of this study is still making its way to the public.
What is known is that it's an "acquisition threat support" reference document, which helps the US military anticipate or describe new enemy technologies — apparently including (very, very) notional ones. It was also one work in "а series of advanced technology reports" for something called the Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications Program, or AAWSAP.
This was a larger program that included Advanced Aviation Threat Identification Program — an effort to investigate alleged UFO sightings by military personnel, according a recent story by KLAS-TV in Las Vegas.
The New York Times and Politico revealed AATIP's existence in December. The outlets said former Nevada senator Harry Reid helped organize it and secure millions in secret government funding (sometimes called "black money") for the effort.
A large share of this money reportedly went to Robert Bigelow — a real-estate mogul who's working to build private space stations through Bigelow Aerospace, is a friend of Reid's, and someone who has funded his own UFO research for years. The billionaire reportedly formed a separate entity, called Bigelow Aerospace Advanced Space Studies, to secure the government funding and use it to hire 46 researchers and "dozens of other support personnel," KLAS-TV said.
An anonymous senior intelligence official told Politico that AATIP began mostly to root out the existence of unknown Chinese and Russian military technologies. But after a couple of years, "the consensus was we really couldn't find anything of substance," the official said. "They produced reams of paperwork. After all of that there was really nothing there that we could find."
Scientists are also skeptical of UFOs, even after viewing spooky videos obtained by AATIP, one of which shows an undated encounter with "an aircraft surrounded by some kind of glowing aura traveling at high speed and rotating as it moves," the Times wrote.
Seth Shostak, a senior astronomer at the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Institute previously told Business Insider that, after 50 years of reported alien visits, "the really good evidence that we're being visited still has failed to surface." He added: "It is a little odd that aliens would come hundreds and hundreds of light-years to do nothing."
The larger program that looked into the feasibility of warp drives, wormholes, and stargates is meeting similar scrutiny from established experts.
The physics of warp drives
An illustration of a warp field generated by a theoretical device called an Alcubierre drive. A spaceship inside might be able to move faster than light by contracting the fabric of space ahead of it and expanding the fabric of space behind it with negative energy.
In the warp-drive study, the authors laid out several well-established ideas in physics.
Those concepts include dark energy; general relativity, which Albert Einstein pioneered and predicted some bizarre-yet-real phenomena in the universe (like the warping of spacetime and gravitational waves); the Casimir effect, which describes the existence of a quantum "vacuum energy"; and M-theory — the idea that perhaps seven extra dimensions (which a warp drive could exploit) may be wrapped up in the four we're familiar with, including time.
It then mashes this work together to lay out a potential use of these properties that'd circumvent Einstein's cardinal rule: Nothing can travel faster than light in a vacuum.
"If one is to realistically entertain the notion of interstellar exploration in timeframes of а human lifespan, а dramatic shift in the traditional approach to spacecraft propulsion is necessary," said the report, which goes on to suggest that a warp drive might be feasible.
The study includes a table of various destinations and how quickly they might be reached by bending spacetime to travel 100 times faster than light.
The way this might work, the report says, is by using a lot of dark (or negative) energy to expand an extra dimension into a "bubble." Such a bubble would be made large enough to fit a spaceship of perhaps 100 cubic meters — roughly the size of a semi-trailer truck.
A contracting region of spacetime in front of the ship, plus an expanding region behind it, would then propel the bubble and ship down a sort of spacetime tube without technically exceeding the speed of light.
Carroll also said that the concept of a warp drive "is not crackpot" — Miguel Alcubierre, a Mexican theoretical physicist, invented the concept in 1994.
"You can't go faster than the speed of light. But what you can can imagine doing is effectively twisting spacetime so that it looks like you're moving faster than the speed of light," Carroll said. "If you want to go to Alpha Centauri, for example, you can ask yourself, 'Well, could I bend spacetime so that Alpha Centauri is next to me, so that it takes a day to go there, rather than tens of [thousands of] years? Can I make the warping of spacetime do that?' And the answer is sure, you can do that."
But Carroll said the DIA report goes too far in its analysis.
"There is something called a warp drive, there are extra dimensions, there is a Casimir effect, and there's dark energy. All of these things are true," he said. "But there's zero chance that anyone within our lifetimes, or the next 1,000 years, are going to build anything that makes use of any of these ideas, for defense purposes or anything like that."
The problems and perils of faster-than-light travel
An illustration of an Einstein-Rosen bridge, or wormhole in the fabric of space.
Carrol said warp drives are so removed from plausible reality because no one knows what negative energy is, how to make it, or how to store it, let alone put it to use.
What's more, the amount of negative energy you'd need to reach a place like Alpha Centauri — the nearest star system to Earth, at 4.367 light-years away — in a couple years with a 100-cubic-meter ship is truly astronomical.
"If you took the entire Earth and annihilated it into energy, that's how much energy you'd need, except you'd need a negative amount of that, which no one has any clue how to make," Carroll said. "We're not taking the atoms of the Earth and dispersing them like the Death Star would do. We're making them cease to exist."
Then this energy has to be captured, stored, and used with 100% efficiency.
"It's completely crazy talk," Carroll said. "It's not something like, 'Oh, we need better transistors.' This is something that is not anywhere within the realm of feasibility."
Shutterstock
The study states that its conclusions are speculative, admits the negative-energy figure "is, indeed, an incredible number," and adds that "a full understanding of the true nature of dark energy may be many years away."
However, it suggests "that experimental breakthroughs at the Large Hadron Collider оr developments in the field of M-theory could lead to а quantum leap in our understanding of this unusual form of energy and perhaps help to direct technological innovations."
Nearly a decade on, none of these developments have panned out. The LHC has yet to find any evidence of particles that'd crack the mysteries of dark energy, nor have experiments really advanced M-theory.
But assuming negative energy could somehow be extracted, a planet's worth of exotic matter fed into a spaceship's warp drive engines, and a suitable destination picked out, the crew might encounter a number of show-stopping problems.
Interstellar travelers may lose control of their ship the moment they start it due to the warping of space itself. Hawking radiation — which is theoretically found at the edges of black holes and other highly warped regions of space — might roast passengers while shutting down their warp field. And slowing down may be deadly: Several light-years' worth of cosmic dust and gas between the origin and destination might turn into a dangerous shockwave of high-energy particles and radiation upon arrival.
"It's possible in the sense that I can't actually rule it out, but I don't think it's actually possible," Carroll said of warp drives and faster-than-light travel. "I think if we knew physics better, we'd just say, 'No, you can't do that.'"
The incredible story of a young Lafayette, Indiana man bicycling near Stockwell the night of May 1, 1897, predates by a full half-century the UFO or "flying saucer" stories that bombarded America in the summer of 1947.
There is simply no explanation for the man's vision of two human-looking creatures outside a cigar-shaped airship which sped into the night, lights blinking, the instant he was seen.
Nor have there ever been satisfactory explanations for many other UFO reports from America and all regions of the world.
There have been four major UFO episodes reported to authorities in the Lafayette area since that 1897 account.
The four were compressed between the years 1947 and 1954.
Here they are:
1.Just after midnight the morning of Sunday, July 15, 1947, a Lafayette man named Forrest Hooper, who then lived at 535 S. 4th St., was returning to Lafayette from Logansport.
He was in his car, traveling southwesterly on Indiana 25, when, he said, he noticed a fast-traveling red glow, which he thought at first to be a falling meteor.
Hooper said the glow seemed to be coming from the vicinity of Logansport. But it did not fall to the ground like a meteor.
Instead it traveled along at high speed until it disappeared from view. It had a strange, dark red glow in the form of a disc as it journeyed across the sky.
Hooper added that the object moved too fast to enable him to get any better look, and its speed prevented him from getting much of an impression as to its size.
2. On Nov. 19, 1951, a "flying saucer" trailed by two Air Force jets was reported flying east over the Elston area about 9 a.m. by Carl Hartman, who lived two miles south of Lafayette on Shadeland Rd.
He said he was coming out of his barn when he looked up and saw "a great big silver disc flying east at jet speed."
Its flat side was to the ground, he said, and its groundside shape was generally round except for a rectangular protuberance at the rear.
The jet planes, he said, left vapor trails; the flying disc none.
A check at the Civil Aeronautics Authority office at Purdue University brought the information that no jet planes had checked in by radio at that hour, but that it was possible that two were in the area since some jets are almost constantly in this territory.
The CAA representative, Raymond King, said he had no information or reports on a disc or the two planes.
3. At 9:10 p.m. Saturday July 12, 1952, dozens of reports from residents of Tippecanoe, Clinton and Montgomery counties poured in, telling of a fiery object whizzing across the skies.
It was the most widely reported "flying saucer" since the UFO "craze" began in 1947.
Among the observers were Mr. and Mrs. J.F. Shriner, Rt. 7, and their guests, Mr. and Mrs. John Arnold, Lafayette, who were on the side porch of the Shriner home.
Mrs. Shriner said the object was shaped something like a funnel with the small end leading and was brightly luminescent. It looked like a shiny fish tail with flames shooting out the back. It was overhead at about 2,500 for five or six seconds.
When it went over the house it appeared to be headed northwest; then, when it appeared to be over the Purdue campus, it headed southwest. It appeared to be smaller than an airplane, the observers said.
Shortly before 9;30 p.m., Indianapolis residents reported sighting the flying object.
At Purdue Airport, the CAA officer said observers there had seen no flying funnel, but said they had received many reports of it, especially from Indianapolis.
UFO reports over the decades always have seemed to be more "credible" when turned in by people like airline pilots or policemen.
4. Lafayette's most spectacular UFO account came from a state trooper, who saw its eerie light near Clarks Hill in 1954,and tried to follow it.
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Often a UFO case is reported by one or two people, occasionally by a small group. Rare are the large groups that report a similar thing at the same time and even rarer is the type of mass sighting reported from the town of Farmington, New Mexico in March 1950. While the quantity and quality of the reports makes for a fascinating case, so too does the fact that most of the people who made those reports are still completely adamant about what they saw over sixty years later.
Original report
The report of the incident came from a local newspaper called the Farmington Daily Times, who ran the story on March 18th 1950. Their headline read that ‘Huge Saucer Armada Jolts Farmington’ and went on to detail what people had seen.
For three days running, hundreds of people had reported seeing an armada of flying saucers over their town. For three days running, the craft had appeared from 11am and some 1500 people reported the events. All around the town, people were standing, watching the sight despite the dust storm that had enveloped the town.
The town is located just 110 miles by air from the Los Alamos atomic installation where many nuclear tests were carried out. At the time it was home to around 46,000 people and is a part of San Juan County, one of the largest counties in the US.
The craft in the air were described as ‘playing tag’high in the air and were reaching speeds that no aircraft of the day could touch. In fact, one witness did a rough triangulation calculation and worked out the craft were moving at around 1,000 miles per hour.
The first sighting happened at 11am on 15th March when several people called the newspaper to report what they had seen. The second sighting happened at 3pm that day when further witnesses reporting seeing the craft, including two local housewives. The first reports of the red craft came in this wave including from a real estate salesman and garage worker.
Sky gazing
The majority of the reports said that the objects fascinating the townspeople – cars had to swerve to avoid sky gazers – were silvery discs while some said they also say a larger, red coloured disc that they thought of as the leader.
One witness who spoke to the newspaper was Clayton J Boddy, a business manager for the newspaper itself as well as a former Army Engineer captain. He was worked on a road when he saw the craft, numbering some 500. While he could not accurately state their height, he believed it to be some 15,000 feet above the ground.
Other witnesses included two grocers who were inspecting a potential new store sight while Harold F Thatcher, head of the Soil Conservation station in the town was one who made the triangulation calculations. He said that is the craft had been a B-29, it would have been over 2,000 feet high and travelling at more than 1000 mph based on his observations.
The garage worker, Edward Brooks, was a former B-29 tail gunner and was convinced that the craft were performing manoeuvres that no craft could perform. His colleague, John Bloomfield, added that he believed the same and added that he had seen the craft move at right angles.
Jerry Riggs was just eight at the time and attending Aztec Elementary School. He remembered going outside for recess and seeing other students pointing to the sky. He saw square formations made of dots that suddenly moved around. The first day, there seemed to be only a few, the second day saw a number too large to count and on the third day he saw around 30-40. While he doesn’t know what he saw, he remains to this day adamant about his witness report – this was no plane or weather phenomena or anything else he could explain. He went on to serve as a commercial pilot who flew in Vietnam as well as a free fall parachutist and all his experiences since then still leave him without an explanation.
One somewhat unlikely explanation offered for the sightings were that the craft were actually fuzz floating through the air on strong winds. Thatcher was one to categorically dismiss this, stating that he had seen cotton floating around at the time and these crafts were very much not this.
Coincidence?
It is also interesting to note that the only other town of note in the San Juan County is called Aztec and it too has a famous UFO incident in its past. In 1948, two years before the sightings in Farmington, a UFO is said to have crashed near the town. The incident was reported by Frank Scully in the Variety magazine and his later book ‘Behind the Flying Saucers’.
New Mexico is also noted as the location of perhaps the most famous UFO crash on record – Roswell. The Roswell crash took place the year before the Aztec crash and has been much written about and discussed. At the time, newspapers reported on the incident and the RAAF classified the incident as a crashed weather balloon.
Finally, it is worth noting that the Farmington incident is less famous than these crashes largely due to a campaign by the authorities of the time to persuade the witnesses to keep quiet about their stories for ‘national security’ Coming just a few years after the end of World War II, people of Farmington were obviously convinced by this argument in a way that we today would perhaps not be. But perhaps with time, we may come to know more about the incident though as witnesses pass away, chances of this decline.
HUNTING NESSIE: SCIENTISTS TO SEARCH FOR DNA OF LOCH NESS MONSTER
HUNTING NESSIE:SCIENTISTS TO SEARCH FOR DNA OF LOCH NESS MONSTER
Is Nessie a myth, a conspiracy, or a real creature inhabiting the Loch Ness?
It is rumored that the Loch Ness–a deep freshwater lake in northern Scotland carved by glaciers more than 10,000 years ago–is home to the ‘monster’.
While researchers seriously doubt the existence of the Loch Ness Monster, they plan to sequence the DNA of every creature that inhabits the body of water where Nessie is supposedly located, just to be sure.
If scientists fail to find Nessie, they gain unprecedented and valuable ecological data.
As of April 2018, an international group of scientists led by University of Otago geneticist Neil Gemmell has started collecting water samples from the freshwater lake located in the Scottish highlands. The teams aim to take around 300 samples of water from various points across the Loch.
As noted by Professor Gemmell, when sea creatures move in the water, they leave traces of DNA behind, coming from their skin, feathers, scales, and urine.
Is Nessie real?
In June of 2018, experts will commence extracting the DNA from the sample, hoping to discover among them, Nessie’s genetic fingerprint. The samples will be analyzed by laboratories in laboratories in France, Denmark, New Zealand and Australia. The samples will be sequenced by technology originally created for the human genome project.
Then, scientists will compare the DNA results to the database of known species. And by the end of the year, we should have an answer whether or not the Loch Ness Monster is real.
“I’m going into this thinking it’s unlikely there is a monster, but I want to test that hypothesis,” Gemmell said. “What we’ll get is a really nice survey of the biodiversity of the Loch Ness.”
Environmental DNA
And although the search for evidence of the Loch Ness monster seems may only seem as a “hook” for this project, the truth is that scientists will test a few hypotheses and may learn a lot about our environment.
“There is no evidence of the wels in Loch Ness, any more than there is any evidence of my favorite [candidate], sturgeon,” Loch Ness Project head Adrian Shine wrote in an email to The Skeptic. “Both theories originated as our attention focused more and more upon fish candidates among the reducing possibilities of any real unusual creatures being the cause of sightings.”
As Professor Gemmell explained, his team will compare lake DNA with those of modern reptiles, in line with the testimonies that attribute a plesiosaur aspect to the Loch Ness monster.
But Nessie could also be a giant fish, so they will do the same with known DNA sequences of fish.
Finally, to discard – or not – a final hypothesis that argues that it is “an animal unknown to science and unique to Loch Ness,” the experts will compare samples of environmental DNA from the Scottish loch with those of other bodies of water.
Environmental DNA or eDNA for short is a rather new field of study that’s giving scientists unprecedented insights. As noted by scientists, as creatures go about their daily lives they leave traces of themselves—traces of DNA—behind through poop, sperm, skin, etc., This mixture of leftovers also contains the DNA of the organism which ends up blended into the surrounding water and dirt. This, however, means that a vial of soil or water has the ability to act as a massive genetic library. Using new technology, scientists have the ability to decode this eDNA, and then compare it against the database of known DNA sequences in order to identify any potential unknown species.
According to a recent study published in the journal Science Advances, environmental DNA has detected 44% more shark species than any other detection method in New Caledonia, in the South Pacific.
“It’s a very powerful technology,” says Gemmell. “There is an extraordinary amount of new knowledge we will get from work on the organisms that inhabit the lake, the largest body of freshwater in the United Kingdom.”
Are Shadow People beings from another dimension? Ghosts? Aliens? Demons? Astral Bodies? Take your pick and let us know what you think.
Have you ever heard about the so-called Shadow People?
These mysterious creatures have been referred to by those who claim to have seen them as either interdimensional beings, ghosts, time travelers and even possibly aliens.
People who claimed to have seen them aren’t sure what they had seen.
In fact, numerous descriptions of the shadow people suggest that they come out of nowhere.
While you are sitting there watching TV, you notice a strange movement across the room. It appeared dark and shadowy, but there was nothing there, you are alone. Is it your mind playing tricks on you? Or is it your imagination running wild? You doubt yourself until you it happens again.
It gives you goosebumps
You are unsure as to what you had witnessed, and you start to ask yourself, sh*t, are ghosts real?
The Shadow People, how do you describe what you cannot accurately see?
An artist’s impression of a shadow person as a paranormal entity. Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons.
The aspect of these beings is usually the body of a creature of great height, capable of scurrying at great speed through the rooms or even trespassing walls.
These sightings seem to occur randomly, as people read, watched television or did any other day-to-day activity in their homes.
The silhouettes passed quickly, barely in a split second to disappear without being fully seen.
On numerous occasions, people who claimed to have seen these mysterious shadows say had seen an arm, a leg or even a pair of eyes, especially at night.
While they slept, strange shadows burst into their rooms, causing intense terror. The sightings made people question their sanity.
People can’t agree unanimously as to what they look like, although they are generally described as lacking in mass.
However, their specific nature varies from two-dimensional (as a shadow) to vaporous or distorted.
Their movement is sometimes reported as very fast and without order, or “shaky,” in the sense that they first seem to move like a fluid (thick, similar to jelly instead of water), and quickly move elsewhere, almost as if they were reporting.
The only thing that people do agree on is that these mysterious shapes appear at the edge of the field of vision, and they disintegrate or move to the walls once they are seen, usually in a second.
Although, many reports that shadow people appear at the center of their vision, appearing very close to them or standing for several seconds before disappearing.
Those who thought that shadow people are the result of modern folklore are wrong. In fact, there are a number of religions and legends that describe these mysterious beings. In the past, they were described as shades of the underworld, lost souls, while in modern times people are usually more inclined to explain them as interdimensional beings that ripped through our reality.
Scientists have tried attributing the so-called shadow people apparitions to several physiological and psychological conditions which may result in people actually experiencing shadows come to life.
Sleep deprivation is also usually connected to sightings of shadow people.
However, not many people are convinced that science can explain these beings, arguing that it goes beyond our understanding of space and time.
An interesting theory suggests that the so-called shadow people are actually Astral bodies. The theory indicates that shadows or ‘essences’ are actually people who are having an out-of-body experience.
According to Jerry Gross, an author, lecturer, and teacher of astral travel, we all travel out of the body when we are asleep. Perhaps, this theory says, we are seeing the ephemeral astral bodies of these twilight travelers.
Others ay that shadow-people are in fact aliens. Curiously, those who have claimed to have been abducted by extraterrestrial beings often claim that their abductors—the aliens—had the ability to move through walls and closed doors, and they could appear on one place and disappear in a second. Those who have seen shadow people often make the same claims.
Some also say that shadow people are time travelers and what people are seeing are in fact glimpses of an alternate timeline.
Those who believe in ghost stories would say that shadow people are in act ghosts. However, those who have seen the shadow people claim that they are different than ghosts. While ghosts are misty white, with a cloud-like form and a human form, the shadow people are dark, shadowy creatures.
And while the exact nature of the shadow people remains a mystery, skeptics argue that they are the result of an overactive imagination.
Skeptics argue that our mind plays tricks on us. It makes our eyes see things that aren’t usually there. Our mind causes us to hallucinate, creating illusions next to us that seem very real.
Unfortunately, there is no way to prove–or disprove for that matter– theories about shadow people and their sightings, which occur quickly and without warning.
Furthermore, since science finds it practically impossible to study this type of supernatural phenomena, nor do scientists seem particularly inclined to do so, all we can do is document the countless personal experiences and try to understand, as much as possible, what people who have claimed to have seen these beings, actually witnessed.
Maybe the existence of shadow people is something that can easily be explained, although their existence may also prove that there are things in our world which we have yet to discover and understand.
Human-chicken hybrid: Scientists successfully planted artificial human cells onto a chicken embryo
The study recently published in the journal Nature—titled Hybrid human–chicken embryos illuminate key developmental milestone—describes the revolutionary breakthrough as “A new technique reveals the earliest stages of human development without the need for human embryos.”
A group of stem cell scientists has made an unprecedented accomplishment as they have successfully combined artificial human cells with the embryo of chickens, in a shocking scientific experiment that aims to understand better how life develops.
Scientists had never before been able to understand and answer how specific cells in a developing human embryo arrange themselves to become muscles or libs, while others become bones and nerves.
However, everything has changed with a new experiment performed by researchers from the Rockefeller University in New York.
A group of scientists led by Dr. Ali Brivanlou has achieved the unthinkable by grafting petri dish grown human cells onto a chicken embryo and observed how cells could organize themselves.
In the study published in Nature, researchers from Rockefeller university unveiled the inner machinations of so-called ‘organizer cells.’ These cells are believed to play a crucial role in the formational of a cells top, bottom, and back, and are thought to dictate how the human body takes shape.
Speaking about the discovery, Dr. Brivanlou said: “No one knew what happens after the ball of cells attaches itself to the uterus.”
Human embryonic stem cells were coaxed into embryo-like structures to study the earliest stages of development. Credit: Prof. Miodrag Stojkovic/SPL
Putting an end to the use of human embryos in laboratories
The new, revolutionary study aims to bypass ethical issues surrounding the use of human embryos in laboratory experiments. Countries like the United States, for example, have banned the use of human embryos which are more than 14 days old, which is precisely when organizer cells begin to form.
The new study saw experts bypass the rule by growing embryo-like structures derived from human embryonic cells in the lab.
The next phase saw scientists graft the cells onto 12-hour-old chicken embryos which are considered to be the equivalent of a 14-day human.
In the new study scientists said that the as the chicken embryos grew, organizer cells began the formation of a second chicken nervous system.
In other words, it is a revolutionary discovery in medicine, one that is welcomed by researchers around the globe.
Dr. Martin Blum, a biologist at the University of Hohenheim in Germany, said that the discovery could put an end to the use of actual human embryos in laboratories.
At the moment I could not think of a case where an early human embryo would be needed to answer fundamental questions.”
However, Dr. Brivanlou disagrees with Dr. Blum.
There is no substitute for studying the real embryo,” Dr. Brivanlou has said.
“Everything else we do when we try to model kind of oversimplifies it.”
Martin Pera, a stem-cell researcher at the Jackson Laboratory in Bar Harbor, Maine, is impressed with the study.
There’s quite a lot there that this system will lead to,” he says — including a better understanding of defects in the early development of human embryos that can lead to miscarriages, and the ability to compare the embryo-like structures with human stem-cell cultures to better define stem cells’ abilities, reports the study in Nature.
The next step, say, researchers, is to determine how exactly the human organizer cells influence their neighbors.
This breakthrough could help scientists understand how to manipulate human stem cells into specific tissues or structures, as part of therapies to regenerate organs and tissues.
“Human embryonic stem cells and eggs have all the information,” Brivanlou says. “Everything else is pushing the first domino.”
“Eerie!” thought Michael Scully in North Carolina on Monday morning, when he caught this image with his iPhone. Turns out it was a rocket launch from Wallops Island of an uncrewed Cygnus cargo ship, due to reach the International Space Station today.
Photo taken Monday, May 21 – 5:20 a.m. – by Michael Scully in North Carolina. Thanks, Michael!
Michael Scully in Hurdle Mills, North Carolina, wasn’t sure what he was seeing in the early morning twilight on May 21, 2018. He wrote:
This was eerie. The “cloud” pattern was the only thing lit up in that part of the sky. If you get a chance and could tell me what this is, I’d be thrilled.
Cool photo, Michael, especially to catch by chance!
It was exhaust from Monday morning’s launch of an Antares rocket, which was boosting an uncrewed Cygnus cargo ship to space. The cargo ship did reach orbit nine minutes after launch at 4:44 a.m. EDT (08:44 UTC) from Pad-0A of NASA’s Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. The Cygnus is carrying supplies to the International Space Station. It’s due to arrive at the space station today (Thursday, May 24, 2018).
Michael’s photo was not the only one we received of Monday’s launch from Wallops:
View larger. | Robert Williams on Wallops Island, Virginia, was prepared. He caught the rocket launch itself on May 21, 2018, at 4:45 a.m. He wrote: “This is comprised of 3 30-second images stacked together, with a little brightness adjustment in Adobe Lightroom. Each image was taken at f/20, ISO 200. Canon 6D, Rokinon 14mm lens.” Thanks, Robert!
Did you see it? Tell us in the comments below. Map of viewing area on the U.S. East Coast for the May 21, 2018, Antares rocket launch.
Image via Orbital ATK.
Bottom line: Images of Monday’s launch of an uncrewed Cygnus cargo ship, due to reach the International Space Station on Thursday, May 24.
ALIENS ARE DORMANT, AWAITING COSMIC TEMPERATURE TRIGGER: PAPER SUGGESTS SOLUTION TO FERMI PARADOX
ALIENS ARE DORMANT, AWAITING COSMIC TEMPERATURE TRIGGER: PAPER SUGGESTS SOLUTION TO FERMI PARADOX
Even though there is a preponderance of evidence to suggest that alien life exists (and may exist in myriad forms on myriad worlds), thus far, humanity has not been able to produce definitive proof of aliens in any form. Therefore, the Fermi Paradox, the glaring contradiction between the high probability of existing aliens and the lack of direct evidence of such, holds sway at present. But a trio of European scientists believes they have a solution to the famous paradox, and it involves advanced aliens, a state of dormancy, and a tremendous amount of restraint and patience.
Three Future of Humanity Institute (University of Oxford) researchers — Anders Sandberg, an neuroscientist; Stuart Armstrong, an Artificial Intelligence expert also associated with the DeepMind project; and Milan Cirkovic, an astrophysicist at the Astronomical Observatory of Belgrade, Serbia — have produced a paper that argues that aliens do exist, but their civilization(s) are at such an advanced state that they have explored the universe and reached an existential point where they have selected to go into hibernation and wait for a more optimal time to be alive. In fact, according to ScienceAlert, the simplistic gist of the scientists’ position is that the technologically and culturally advanced aliens are waiting for the universe to cool down.
“Right now, the cosmic background radiation makes nearly everything in the Universe hotter than 3 Kelvin, but as the Universe expands, this background temperature will decline exponentially,” write Sandberg and Cirkovic on their blog, Andart II. “So if you want to do as much information processing as possible with the energy you have, it makes sense to wait. It becomes exponentially better.”
“An advanced civilization may have explored a big chunk of the universe, done what is doable with existing nature, and now mostly have internal ‘cultural’ things to do,” Sandberg and Cirkovic further explain. “These things can be regarded as information processing. If they want to maximize processing they should not do it today but wait until the cold future when they will get tremendously more done. They should hence aestivate.”
Getting to this advanced state to where a civilization can aestivate — a zoological term describing a prolonged state of torpor or dormancy — through technology is already being explored by scientists in the form of dataism, or the digital transfer of the brain, memories, emotional, and psychological constructs onto some type of storage (or working) device to hold off the inevitability of biological breakdown and death.
The scientists suggest that there are ways to detect the advanced dormant alien civilizations. Those who search for extraterrestrial intelligence should be on the lookout for a “suspicious absence of processes that would waste resources useful for the aestivators,” Sandberg told George Dvorsky at Gizmodo. The “absence of processes” would include natural cosmic forces not interacting or suspended from regular activities.
The researchers admit that the two most popular reasons that there is yet no evidence of alien life are that there are no aliens to be found or that intelligent aliens are too distant and thus remain undetected. However, they argue that their position helps rule out multiple possibilities associated with the Fermi Paradox while offering insight into humanity’s potential future.
Besides, as Sandberg told Gizmodo, “If you don’t check your less favored hypotheses, you are not doing science.”
The latest possible solution to the Fermi Paradox is far more hopeful than that suggested by author and television personality Dr. Brian Cox in October. As reported by the Inquisitr, the noted physicist said that humanity was unlikely to have a first contact with aliens, even though he adamantly believes aliens exist (or have existed), because he thinks that civilizations tend to self-destruct. And humans, he said, were fast approaching or have already entered into that dangerous period where technological development and cultural instability will likely conspire to end human civilization as well.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
24-05-2018
RUSSIA DECLASSIFIED SECRET IMAGES FROM VENUS THAT SHOW EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIFE
RUSSIA DECLASSIFIED SECRET IMAGES FROM VENUS THAT SHOW EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIFE
The Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences published a series of photographs, taken by the Venera probe which allegedly show evidence of living organisms on Venus, one of the most inhospitable places for humans in the solar system. Venus, the second planet from the sun is the most similar planet in our solar system in terms of size and structure to Earth. In terms of the surface, it is anything but Earth-like.
It is the hottest planet in the solar system, mainly due to its atmosphere which is 97 percent carbon dioxide, a heat-trapping greenhouse gas.
The constant temperature on Venus is 480 degrees Celsius, a temperature which is hot enough to melt lead and it even hotter than the nearest planet to the Sun, Mercury.
According to Russian scientist Leonid Ksanfomaliti, this image, taken from a Russian probe that landed on Venus in 1982, we can see a scorpion-shaped life form
According to an explanation by Leonid Ksanfomaliti, doctor of physical and mathematical science, at the Institute for Space Research, the images taken 30 years ago reveal the movement of extremely strange objects on the surface of Venus.
NASA quickly went on to debunk the discovery. As explained, the ‘disc’ that is seen moving on the surface is a lens cap, and the ‘scorpion-like-creature’ proposed by Ksanfomaliti is actually ‘noise’ in a second-hand picture which isn’t present in the original image.
Ksanfomaliti believes that in the images, a scorpion-shaped creature, a disk and a ‘black flap’ are visible moving in front of the onboard camera of the Venera 13.
According to reports from a Russian news agency, Ksanfomaliti explained in an article for the Russian journal Solar System Research magazine: ‘They all ’emerge, fluctuate and disappear.’
‘What if we forget about the current theories about the non-existence of life on Venus, let’s boldly suggest that the objects’ morphological features would allow us to say that they are living,’ he added.
But American counterparts seem to firmly disagree with Ksanfomaliti. Ted Stryk who is a photo analyst at NASA says it is more likely that the disc Ksanfomaliti is talking about could have come from the spacecraft.
‘Venera-13 had two cameras, one in front and one in back. The one image shows the front camera lens cap and the other shows the rear camera lens cap, not one lens cap that moved,’ he says, in comments on Life’s Little Mysteries.
NASA says there is no way that anything can survive on Venus today. However, scientists have not ruled out that once, in the distant past, Venus might have supported life, in a time when the planet might have had giant oceans and possibly life before the ‘greenhouse effect’ created the temperatures that rule over the planet today.
‘Current theories suggest that Venus and the Earth may have started out alike. There might have been a lot of water on Venus and there might have been a lot of carbon dioxide on Earth,’ Professor Andrew Ingersoll of Caltech said in a paper published in Astrobiology in 2004.
Images of the surface of Venus taken by the Soviet Venera-13 descent module in 1982.
The problem with science and scholars in search for extraterrestrial life is that mankind believes that for life to exist elsewhere in the solar system or universe, a planet should have a similar climate and conditions to those of Earth.
What if elsewhere, on Venus perhaps, there are living beings which need scorching temperatures in order to survive, beings that can breathe carbon dioxide and cannot survive with water or oxygen. In order to search more adequately for extraterrestrial life, we need to change the conditions and patterns of extraterrestrial life.
Pluto might not officially be a planet anymore, but that doesn’t make it’s any less interesting.
One of the most important objects of inquiry regarding the distant dwarf planet has to do with its formation. Now, thanks to unprecedented observations carried out by spacecraft like New Horizons and Rosetta, scientists are coming close to understanding how Pluto came to be. One of the craziest, but still plausible, Pluto formation theories was recently unveiled by researchers at the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI). They suggest that Pluto might have been formed by one billion comets that came together.
Just 15 minutes after its closest approach to Pluto on July 14, 2015, NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft looked back toward the sun and captured a near-sunset view of the rugged, icy mountains and flat ice plains extending to Pluto’s horizon. Credit: NASA.
The solar system‘s planets formed by accretion of material from enormous discs that surround the early Sun. The matter inside the rapidly spinning disk around the parent star simply gathers and forms clumps, steadily accumulating until these turn into asteroids, comets, planets, and moons.
This view of Pluto's Sputnik Planitia nitrogen-ice plain was captured by NASA's New Horizons spacecraft during its flyby of the dwarf planet in July 2015.
Credit: NASA/JHUAPL/SwRI
Pluto was always thought to have formed much in the same way. However, geochemist Christopher Glein and colleagues at SwRI’s Space Science and Engineering Division found it odd how the dwarf planet and the famous Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko — the one where ESA landed a probe in 2014 — share so much of their chemical makeup. For instance, Pluto’s nitrogen-rich Sputnik Planitia is unnaturally similar to Comet 67P.
Just as water is the main driving force that shapes Earth’s surface, so is nitrogen for Pluto. Due to its low viscosity, nitrogen flows like glaciers on Earth, eroding the bedrock and, in the process, altering the landscape. And there’s so much nitrogen on Pluto. Earth’s atmosphere is made up of 78% nitrogen, but Pluto’s, which is far colder, is 98% nitrogen. That’s an unusual proportion of nitrogen, both at the surface and in the atmosphere, which is not easily explained by the conventional planetary formation theory. Instead, what seems to connect the dots is a huge comet frenzy.
“We’ve developed what we call ‘the giant comet’ cosmochemical model of Pluto formation,” Glein said in a statement.
“We found an intriguing consistency between the estimated amount of nitrogen inside the glacier and the amount that would be expected if Pluto was formed by the agglomeration of roughly a billion comets or other Kuiper Belt objects similar in chemical composition to 67P, the comet explored by Rosetta.”
Real photo of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.
Credit: NAVCAM/ROSETTA/ESA.
The researchers got their data from the Rosetta probe that reached comet 67P and NASA’s New Horizons mission, which flew by Pluto in July 2015. In the new ‘giant comet’ cosmochemical model, Pluto’s initial chemical makeup is inherited from comet building blocks but was later changed by liquid water.
But this is far from being the last word on the matter. Another competing model suggests that Pluto coalesced from cold ices with a chemical composition closer to that of the sun
“This research builds upon the fantastic successes of the New Horizons and Rosetta missions to expand our understanding of the origin and evolution of Pluto,” said Glein.
“Using chemistry as a detective’s tool, we are able to trace certain features we see on Pluto today to formation processes from long ago. This leads to a new appreciation of the richness of Pluto’s ‘life story,’ which we are only starting to grasp.”
The new study is set to appear in the journal Icarus. It is already available online on the pre-print server arXiv.
A True Story About Planet Pluto: | Passport to Pluto and Beyond
'Impossible' EmDrive Space Thruster May Really Be Impossible
'Impossible' EmDrive Space Thruster May Really Be Impossible
By Mike Wall, Space.com Senior Writer
The "impossible" EmDrive engine, which purportedly generates thrust by bouncing microwaves around inside a cone-shaped chamber.
Credit: SPR Ltd./www.emdrive.com
The laws of physics have won again, it would appear.
For the past few years, researchers at NASA's Eagleworks advanced-propulsion lab have been putting a controversial and potentially revolutionary space engine called the EmDrive to the test.
The EmDrive, which was originally developed by British scientist Roger Shawyer in the early 2000s, purportedly generates thrust by bouncing microwaves around inside a conical chamber. Because the engine doesn't require any fuel, it could theoretically make spaceflight far cheaper and more efficient, opening the heavens to exploration. [Superfast Spacecraft Propulsion Concepts (Images)]
And the NASA team's work has given EmDrive enthusiasts some reason for optimism, detecting small amounts of thrust in lab tests of the device.
But now we get to the "controversial" part: The EmDrive really shouldn't work. The engine doesn't blast anything out a nozzle, so Newton's Third Law of Motion — for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction — doesn't come into play. Nobody really understands how the claimed thrust could actually be generated.
And now it seems that the previously detected thrust was illusory, at least according to a team of researchers in Germany. They built their own EmDrive and tested it in a vacuum chamber, as the NASA researchers did.
The German team picked something up as well. But follow-up analysis "clearly indicates that the 'thrust' is not coming from the EmDrive but from some electromagnetic interaction," the researchers wrote in their new study, which you can read here. That interaction is likely between EmDrive power cables and Earth's magnetic field, the team concluded.
The German team, which was led by Martin Tajmar of the Institute of Aerospace Engineering at Technische Universität Dresden, also presented its results last week at the Space Propulsion 2018 conference in Seville, Spain.
The new results probably won't be the last word on the EmDrive; other researchers may want to take a crack at it as well. But if you've been counting on this impossible engine to help humanity get out among the stars, you may want to recalibrate your expectations.
COLUMBUS (WCMH) - There is a long history of UFO sightings across the country. So if you wanted to meet someone not from Earth, where is your best chance?
Well don't go to Florida. Data from Casino.org show people in the Sunshine State have the slimmest chance of spotting one. Florida is the state with the lowest odds of spotting a UFO at 3485-to-1.
You also won't spot many UFOs in Texas, New York, Illinois or Pennsylvania.
So where should you go? Wyoming has the best odds at 205-to-1 followed by Vermont at 250-1. Montana, North Dakota and Alaska round out the top five.
As far as Ohio goes, we're the 37th least likely state to see a UFO with 1374-to-1 odds. Your best bet is to travel either to West Virginia (708-to-1 odds) or Kentucky (890-to-1 odds) if you don't want to travel more than just a few hours to meet ET.
Despite the low odds, research shows plenty of Americans are concerned by possible alien activity. A whopping 40,000 Americans have taken out alien abduction insurance, according to the data.
That’s a question I’m often asked, mainly because of my interest in the Men in Black mystery. Although there is no doubt in my mind that the vast majority of all MIB encounters are of a paranormal nature, at least a small number are connected to government agencies. Indeed, there is hard evidence showing that UFO-themed researchers and groups have been watched – and at times watched closely. For example, the FBI has released its files on many of the Contactees of the 1950s, such as George Adamski, Truman Bethurum, George Van Tassel, and Frank Stranges. It’s important to note, though, that the UFO aspects of the investigations were secondary; sometimes, even further down the line than that. Issues relative to politics and communism were far more pressing, from the FBI’s perspective. In the U.K., in the late 1950s, the Aetherius Society was secretly watched by the British Police Force’s Special Branch. Not for their beliefs in aliens or UFOs, though, but because of their stance on atomic weapons.
With that all said, it’s time now to take a look at one of the earliest UFO research groups that was watched by the CIA: the Civilian Saucer Investigation (although in some of the CIA’s papers on the CSI, it’s incorrectly referred to as the California Committee for Saucer Investigation). A CIA document of February 9, 1953 begins as follows (you can find the document at this CIA link):
“1. Recently a member of the Los Angeles Office had occasion to hear Dr. Walter Riedel tell something of the activities of the California Committee for Saucer Investigations (CSI). His comments, as follows, may be of interest: 2. Dr. Riedel indicated he was formerly Chief Designer at the German Experimental Rocket Center at Peenemunde. He has been in the US as a ‘paperclip’ scientist for some years. He is now a Project engineer in the Aerophysics Department (Guided Missiles) of the North American Aviation Corp. He gave every impression of being a competent scientist, especially knowledgeable on rocket matters. He seemed a balanced person, not given to fixations.”
The CIA continued: “3. CSI has been in operation some years, composed of private individuals intrigued and scientifically interested in finding an explanation for ‘saucer’ phenomena. To date, they have received some 1570 letters relating to reported sightings. Of this number, they have been able to immediately or quickly eliminate 75% as not worth follow-up. The great proportion of this 25% have been discarded upon further investigation. What was somewhat surprising to the writer was the exhaustiveness with which these investigations are being made. Not only are very careful calculations made, if the data exists, to check the possibility of the report being physically possible (e.g., in terms of lines of sight), but the individual reporting the sighting is investigated privately at his place of residence to establish a general background of reliability and credibility. Of the 25% investigated, perhaps 25 or so sightings have been established as ‘reliable’ in the sense that no known existing explanation exists for them. Apparently, most of these have been forwarded to Wright Field, Dayton, Ohio, although there appears to be a time lag of some duration while CSI is making its own check and calculations. Dr. Riedel’s description of one reported sighting by a TWA pilot and crew, and the follow-up with respect to it, was impressive to the writer in the thought applied, the pains taken, and the very careful application of scientific method.”
The CIA took a particular interest in a plan the CSI had to create a hoaxed UFO event, for an interesting reason: “4. So serious is CSI with respect to its investigations that Dr. Riedel indicated that they are going to execute a planned ‘hoax’ over the Los Angeles area, in order to test the reaction and reliability of the public in general to unusual aerial phenomena. (The sightings reported over Malibu in its Los Angeles papers of 30 Jan 53 could possibly be this hoax.) From this experiment, they hope to ascertain how many people report an aerial visual phenomenon which had been conducted so as to be clearly visible to a large number of people in the area. They will also, of course, be able to test the variation of report details, etc. This experiment is designed to give a better background against which future sightings can be evaluated.”
And, finally, we have this from the CIA: “5. Apparently, an eye and interest are also directed toward the USSR for reactions to sightings as reported in the PRAVDA are observed. This interest is also evident in the paper entitled ‘Rockets Behind the Iron Curtain,’ presented before the annual convention of the American Rocket Society in New York City on 4 December 1952, by George P. Sutton, also of Aerophysics Department (North American Aviation, Inc.) and associated with CSI. 6. Of incidental interest may be the fact that NAA (National Aeronautical Association) suggested politely and perhaps indirectly to Dr. Riedel that he disassociate himself from official membership on CSI.”
As the above shows, the CSI became the subject of a fair amount of background checking on the part of the CIA. Perhaps, such checks still continue with modern day equivalents of the CSI.
It used to be if you wanted to spy on Area 51 you had to drive out to the desert in a 1986 Winnebago with over-sized, conspicuous binoculars and risk life and limb for the smallest breadcrumbs of information. Not any more. It’s the future now, and the wonders of the internet have allowed the common concerned citizen to hop on Google Earth and pore through high definition satellite images of the secretive military base, hoping for traces of extraterrestrial life and alien technology. Now that we have the truth of Area 51 at our fingertips, what do we get? Tentacles. Of course it’s tentacles. It was always going to be tentacles.
YouTube channel thirdphaseofmoon uploaded a video on May 20, 2018 showing Google Earth imagery of a location a couple of miles west of Groom Lake and Area 51, in an old bombing range used by Nellis Air Force Base. What it shows looks straight out of H.P. Lovecraft’s nightmares. There appears to be a small hole with long eldritch tendrils reaching out of it, like tree roots or black mycelium. It’s weird. It could be absolutely anything, but it’s weird.
One thing is missing from the video, however: coordinates. There are no coordinates given. That’s a huge red flag for spurious claims like these, so I did my sacred duty and went looking for myself. After longer than I care to admit, I found it. And they say journalism is dead.
It turns out there are a bunch of weird tentacle holes throughout the area. It is, as stated in the video, a couple of miles west of Area 51 proper, in a current or past bombing range used by Nellis Air Force Base. There are at least five other strange holes in the area, with the same sort of alien “tentacle” shapes coming out. They are surrounded by craters from bomb tests, and I’d be willing to bet that has a lot to do with it.
There’s a weird almost-symmetry to a lot of these “tentacles,” and it definitely has an organic sort of shape. I wonder if it’s slightly differently programmed ballistics tests leaving char marks on the ground, or perhaps captured mid-flight, but I’m completely unqualified to make any judgments on that so I’m sticking with what I know—Elder Gods and weird fiction.
That small squiggle at the bottom really bothers me for some reason.
Here’s a link to the coordinates on Google Earth if you want to check out the area for yourself.
The Daily Star reports that the initial video revealed the secret of Area 51. They clearly haven’t read their Lovecraft. If this is indeed the tendrils of the Elder Gods breaking forth from the meekly fragile egg we call Earth—which, at this very location, we’ve tried to crack with our own feeble attempt to harness the power of the stars—then the knowledge revealed is only our sheer incapacity for knowing and the futility of striving against the violent apathy of the universe.
That is, if you can suspend disbelief that a shadowy military agency—ostensibly entrenched for close to a century in the mass deception of the entire human species to the existence of alien life—would allow Google to show uncensored satellite images of America’s most notorious military base. For free. To me.
1987 saw the publication of Budd Hopkins’ Intruders: The Incredible Visitations at Copley Woods. The book investigated the claims of a number of alleged alien abductees, but was more specifically concerned with the case of Debbie Jordan-Kauble (known in the book as “Kathie Davis”). Jordan-Kauble described having been abducted from her parents’ home in June of 1983 and being taken aboard an egg-shaped craft which had landed outside. She claimed to have been impregnated by her alien captors, who later removed the fetus and eventually introduced her to her human-alien hybrid child. Jordan-Kauble was dissatisfied with the treatment of her case in Hopkins’ book and later went on to write her own, more detailed account, not only of her 1983 abduction, but of other related experiences throughout her life. As to the nature and origin of these experiences, Jordan-Kauble once mused:
“I have had so many different types of experience with so many different aspects of this field that I am somewhat mixed as to what I think they are and where they come from. I have seen the hard evidence that debunkers claim does not exist. I have also experienced the psychological and physical effects, as well as the spiritual awakening of a close encounter. I am also smart enough to realize how powerful the human mind can be when faced with something that it cannot comprehend. All I have ever been able to do was report what I saw and let everyone else sort it all out.”
Hopkins’ Intruders book would later be very loosely adapted for television by screenwriter Tracy Tormé—son of legendary jazz singer and musician Mel Tormé. The 1992 mini-series was concerned less with the Jordan-Kauble story and more with the broader abduction phenomenon as it was then understood by the leading researchers in the field, namely Hopkins and Harvard psychiatrist, John Mack.
Richard Crenna’s character in the miniseries was inspired by real-life abduction researchers Budd Hopkins and John Mack.
In the mini-series, a psychiatrist, Dr. Chase (Richard Crenna), investigates the abductions of two seemingly unconnected women from different American states and, in the process, immerses himself in broader research into the UFO phenomenon. Eventually, he and a local UFOlogist start a therapy group where abductees can collectively attempt to make sense of their traumatic experiences. Richard Crenner’s psychiatrist character was modelled on both Hopkins and Mack. Crenner wears an oversized woollen fisherman’s sweater throughout, clearly inspired by Hopkins’ trademark garment. The actor drew greater influence from Mack, spending time with the Harvard psychiatrist in order to study his mannerisms.
Budd Hopkins
I interviewed Tormé a few years back. He explained his writing process for Intruders and the cultural climate in which it was written. Tormé had been attempting to get an abduction movie off the ground long before Intruders. “I optioned Budd Hopkins’ first book, Missing Time, and spent three long years trying to get it launched in Hollywood,” the screenwriter told me of his initial effort. “At that time people didn’t take abductions very seriously and it seemed like a very odd subject to launch for a multi-million-dollar movie. This was in the early-to-mid 1980s.”
Tormé emphasized to me that abduction movies were a hard sell in the late-1980s-early-1990s:
“At that time there was not a lot of interest in this subject. People wonder why it was such a struggle to get these kinds of movies made. But the public really did not know about the abduction phenomenon. They weren’t following it, they weren’t reading about it. It had not broken through in a big way in the mass media.”
Tracy Tormé
Tormé had developed a close relationship with Budd Hopkins during his research for the Missing Time movie and was an admirer of his work. “I felt he was a very good person, a very good thinker,” said Tormé of Hopkins. “He’d invite me to witness regression hypnosis sessions that he was conducting with abductees. I was hearing these stories that sounded so much like science-fiction, so unbelievable, but what Hopkins was uncovering were these clear patterns in abductions… pattern, after pattern, after pattern.” Tormé was also struck by the artistic renderings of the abductors shown to him by Hopkins:
“He had a great collection of different drawings of the beings made by various abductees, and it was amazing how similar they were to each other. This was at a time when no one knew about so-called Grays. This is back in the early 1980s when if you asked a hundred people what an alien was, you get a hundred different answers.”
As time passed, the initially undecided screenwriter became a believer in the reality of the phenomenon:
“The more of Hopkins’ sessions I observed, and the more abductees I met, I became 98 percent convinced that this stuff was real. I couldn’t say 100 percent, because I hadn’t seen anything with my own eyes. But I’d just met too many people who were very sincere and who did not want their names in the newspaper, who did not want to be a part of UFO phenomena. They were victims in a lot of ways. They were damaged people; damaged by the experience. They expressed to me how they really didn’t like that they were never asked to go along with this [the abduction experience]; that this would happen to them if they liked it or not. They were very disturbed by that, and that made a big mark on me.”
A Missing Time movie had yet to come to fruition by the early 1990s, but by that point Hopkins’ 1987 book Intruders was already in the process of being adapted for the small screen as a CBS mini-series. Tormé, then a staff writer and creative consultant on Star Trek the Next Generation, was approached to pen the teleplay.
Tormé met with the producers and learned that both Hopkins and John Mack were to be consultants on the show. “That sat well with me,” he recalled, “so I wrote it very, very quickly. It was shot quickly, and soon after that it was on CBS.” Tormé added that, although he respected Mack, he did not share his perspective on the abduction phenomenon: “I did not agree with a lot of his theories,” Tormé stressed to me.
“He believed that this is all being done for the benefit of mankind, and they are our kind of our saviors and our brothers, and that if the experiencer can really think clearly and take some time he would come to realize that this was all good and that they’re here to help us and save us from destruction and all that. I just didn’t see it. I do not believe that they are intentionally hostile, but they seem to be lacking in emotions and they don’t treat human beings with the respect that they deserve.”
Intruders was broadcast by CBS through 17–19 May 1992 and was generally well received by TV critics. It remains significant for its thoughtful and sympathetic treatment of the abduction phenomenon, and for grounding itself convincingly in a normal world occasionally intruded upon by a profound and sometimes terrifying non-human intelligence. It explored many themes and motifs common to abduction accounts, including intrusive examinations, alien impregnation, hybrid children, screen memories, and hypnotic regression. Tormé is convinced that his show had considerable cultural impact, bringing a previously obscure UFOlogical facet to the masses. He told me of Intruders: “I really believe this project was part of the process of people becoming aware of how these things [abductions] allegedly work.”
A year later, in 1993, The X-Files arrived, and was soon followed by other TV products also featuring the now iconic image of the Gray alien, including Babylon 5, Dark Skies, and others. By the late-1990s the image of the Gray had supplanted almost all other pre-existing cultural imaginings of what an alien might look like. Tormé has marvelled at the speed of this process, telling me: “The way that the image of the Grays has since become known in society is incredible. They’ve seeped into television commercials and all aspects of society, and they’re now part of Americana. The image is now worldwide.”
Today, Intruders may look slightly dated, but, it remains a compelling and UFOlogically authentic piece of work. It’s a must-watch for sci-fi fans in general, and for UFO buffs in particular.
As someone who has written five books on the Men in Black issue (and on related topics, such as the Women in Black), I get a great deal of feedback. The most recent development surfaced on April 28 of this year, when a source using the alias of “Bee Intelligent” sent me a strange-but-intriguing story involving not just one MIB but three of them. And here’s how the story, in the source’s own words, reads:
“I’m 55 years old and have known about MIB since the 70s. Personally, the majority of the visits are, in my opinion, demonically orchestrated. I have learned, due to my belief system, not to make these events complicated. It is exactly what it portrays itself to be! Having the gift of discernment reveals what these hybrids are, that is evil! I call the feelings and smells are all ‘symptoms’ of a demonic encounter! If you agree with this, then the obvious next conclusion is that these so-called ‘aliens’ are also demonic and what does the demonic dwell in? They dwell in shadows! They do not want to found out!
“UFO encounters out them and their hybrids and satanic agendas. After all, it is about soul collecting, is it not? I reside on the West Coast of Lake Michigan. My front door faces directly 8 miles from an active nuclear power plant that is, within months, being decommissioned. This process can take up to 20 years. I live in the ‘hot zone’ range of this very old plant. For three years, due to living on a hill with a spectacular view of the open sky, I have witnessed UFO activity coming directly from the nuclear power plant and fly slowly right over my head. With incredible lighting and maneuvers like your Father mentioned to you. Including complete ‘stand still hovering.’ I have also felt that I have been discovered witnessing this and have had some type of acknowledgment from the crafts. It hard to explain. I just know they know that I see them! Usually I witness them around 11:00 p.m. and beyond.
“Anyhow, something different happened last August, 2017. As I stated, I live on a hill with a steep drop off approximately 30 feet from my door. This is a brand new apartment complex and a very short road runs in front of my back patio door. I should have originally said I’m witnessing these events from my back patio. The road runs to the right for about 100 feet and turns right to the front of the complex. Around 1:00 a.m. I felt compelled to go out unto my patio and look right. Now below the hill is nothing but woods. I saw 3 very tall, slender men come up the hill, unto the road, in perfect formation, walking extremely slow, dressed completely the same, all in black and suddenly stop!
“All 3 turned their heads directly towards me and just stood still! It seemed like minutes but I don’t think it was. I actually felt an electric charge go from my feet, straight up my back up to my head. Not only that, the fear I felt and also a sickness in my stomach was nothing I have felt EVER in my lifetime. I knew they were EVIL. They slowly moved their heads in complete synchronized fashion forward and slowly, and I mean slowly, continued to walk forward and disappeared from sight. I know exactly what i just witnessed! That was pure evil. Now, with that being said, I don’t know if it was a warning, a visit, or what. I have not spoken about this event until now! Summer is almost here again and I wonder what I will witness.”
Daryl Collins, like me, lives in the Lone Star State. He has had more than a few strange and bizarre experiences of the UFO-themed type, and which date back to the 1940s. I have interviewed Daryl a few times and I’m sharing with you some of the highlights of those experiences. There is a specific reason why. Namely, because Daryl’s encounters demonstrate the sheer level of weirdness that surrounds the UFO phenomenon. He told me:
“Approximately April or May 1945, an extremely bizarre encounter. I was playing in the backyard when I spotted a creature about my size, an elf perhaps, which communicated telepathically. It merged its body with mine, and controlled my movements. We went out the back gate and down several streets to an area that at that time was still wild country. We found a hole in the ground and jumped in, falling a fair distance, stopped, and entered a strange room and walked down a corridor. The corridor led to a door which swung open, and the elf separated from me. There followed some kind of physical examination, then I was back in my yard quickly forgetting the whole incident. Long ago I described the details to Budd Hopkins, and he said he had many similar cases.”
Daryl had much more to say: “In 1948 my parents and I were driving at night on a deserted rural highway. An object came over and lifted the car into a big round room. A door opened and three creatures, with clawed webbed toes and stubs for fingers, took each of us in different direction. I followed one down a long dark corridor to a brightly lit room with an examining table and a gray with long bony fingers. He stuck a sharp instrument into my stomach, then a different instrument far up my right nostril. When he pulled it out, my nose bled a little and was sore for hours. Then he took an instrument like a black cone and pressed the point to my forehead, producing a strange vibrating sensation. Apparently he was activating an implant that had just been put in place. He said, telepathically, ‘It will be all right from now on.’ Abruptly we were all back in the car and the whole episode was forgotten.”
That was not the end of the encounters, however, as Daryl made very clear: “I don’t remember the date, but once I was confronted with a large insectoid which said, ‘I want you to devote your whole life to me!’ I didn’t understand and asked what that meant. I don’t remember what the creature said, but I replied emphatically, ‘No, I won’t!’ This evidently didn’t go over very well.
“In January 1950, I was taken at night from my home by skeletal creatures who said they were going to kill me. I begged for my life, reminding them of the time they had said: ‘It will be all right from now on.’ So instead they put me on the table and performed extensive procedures. Finally they abandoned me, and all the memories were lost for very many years. As far as I can tell, I was never abducted again. When I first encountered ‘flying saucers’ in the newspapers that March, I immediately adopted the subject as the center of my life, but it never occurred to me to wonder why, nor to suspect it had anything to do with me.”
Things then went quiet, at least until 1986. That was the year in which Daryl had a very weird and creepy encounter with nothing less than a Woman in Black. Daryl related the strange facts: “In early June of 1986 (don’t recall the exact date), I was just coming from a discussion of my abduction memories and approaching the parking lot to drive home. A white-haired lady in dark or black clothes drove by in a dark or black car. As she approached me she slowed down, leaned out her window, and yelled at me, ‘You have nine years until what you were made for! You have nine more years!’ Then she sped up and drove away. I didn’t catch the license number, make of car, or any other details. But I distinctly remember what she yelled, since I spent the next nine years haunted by what might be awaiting me in early June of 1995. When the date finally arrived, there were smells suggesting the things might have been in the house, but otherwise nothing happened. The literature is full of cases where predictions failed to come true; maybe they just change their minds.”
As I read Daryl’s words, I couldn’t fail to remember how – at the height of the Men in Black encounters in the early 1950s – Albert Bender found his Bridgeport, Connecticut home filled with overpowering odors of brimstone and sulfur. What goes around clearly comes around, it seems. An elf-like thing controlling Daryl’s every movement, what appear to have been alien abduction-type incidents long before the Betty and Barney Hill incident of 1961, and a strange and sinister Woman in Black: add all of those issues together and we see just how bizarre the UFO phenomenon can really be.
Strangest UFO Case of All Time, This One is Stranger Than Fiction
Strangest UFO Case of All Time, This One is Stranger Than Fiction
It couldn’t happen here? Most people would say it couldn’t happen anywhere! But more than 100 witnesses to one of the world’s biggest UFO mysteries are adamant that it did, in broad daylight. And 50 years after the event, many are still fuming that the military they say were swarming around the scene for days have offically denied the incident and no record appears to exist. They say they spent their lives being doubted and want some official acknowledgment that something weird happened above and behind Westall high and primary schools that morning. London’s Telegraph newspaper rates it as the fifth-greatest UFO mystery of all time, but another mystery is how little-known the episode is here. A documentary – Westall ’66: A Suburban UFO Mystery. Producers hope it will flush out an official who can say what the military were doing and what they found.
Michigan: “Orbs of bright light in woods behind house. Observed them almost every night for last 2 months”
Michigan: “Orbs of bright light in woods behind house. Observed them almost every night for last 2 months”
Something strange is happening almost every night in the US state of Michigan.
Witness report:
Bright lights in woods behind house. Couple of nights later they were back and this time I had binoculars and wife who also witnessed them. I have included neighbors into my discovery and they are now believers. Also observed objects in sky unlike orbs with flashing green, red, white like a disco ball and other lights that follow us outside as if they are observing us.
Alien Abductee Discloses The Truth About What Happens after Being Taken
Alien Abductee Discloses The Truth About What Happens after Being Taken
You want to hope you are never taken by aliens after hearing this information. This is the latest disclosure on how agencies are reverse-engineering extraterrestrial abductees for information to be used in both extraterrestrial (ET) technology and personnel development programs.
She’ll explain how the “official management” of ET information includes the monitoring, re-abduction, interrogation, and recruitment of alien abductees into secret programs, equating it to just as the covert-ops military personnel gather and reverse-engineer ET craft, they also gather and reverse-engineer the abductees.
These experiences are abundant with evidence and also serve to demonstrate some of the implications and limitations for an official UFO Disclosure and the truth behind the Secret Space Program.
Melinda will cover detailed accounts of covert human agency abduction experiences and the attempt to learn the ET’s technology, motives, abductee genetics and psi abilities through these events.
She will also share startling new developments, hard evidence, and experiences never shared before.
24-05-2018 om 20:14
geschreven door peter
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
Detailed Official Report On Harrowing Encounter Between F/A-18s and UFO Surfaces
Detailed Official Report On Harrowing Encounter Between F/A-18s and UFO Surfaces
The paper recounts a course of bizarre events that occurred near the USS Nimitz while it was sailing off the Baja Peninsula in November 2004.
Even though the 2004 encounter between an unidentified flying object nicknamed the 'Tic Tac' and U.S. Navy Hornets made headline news last Winter via its associated with a secretive Pentagon program to investigate UFO encounters, and possibly much more, the story had been talked about in detail among military aviation circles for years. But now we have an official report that came out of the aforementioned Advanced Aviation Threat Identification Program (AATIP) that makes a number of conclusions based on its findings. Above all else, it offers far more granular detail about the now historic incident than what had previously been released.
The document comes to us via George Knapp's intrepid I-Team, which is part of Las Vegas CBS affiliate Channel 8's Newsroom. You can and should read it in its entirety by clicking here. Knapp's team explains how they obtained the document in their article, stating:
"Earlier this year, we made a whirlwind trip to Washington for a debriefing arranged by former Senator Harry Reid. While in D.C., the I-Team obtained copies of unclassified documents related to the UFO encounters, including the Tic Tac. The analysis was compiled in 2009 with input from multiple agencies. It confirms the Nimitz group had several interactions with AAV's, Anomalous Aerial Vehicles."
The 13-page report isn't dated and lacks a cover sheet, but it provides a rich recounting of the encounter, with a clear accounting of the assets and sensors involved, and how the Navy handled the incident administratively in its aftermath. The supercarrier USS Nimitz, the Ticonderoga class cruiser USS Princeton, E-2C Hawkeye airborne early warning and control aircraft, and F/A-18C Hornets and F/A-18F Super Hornets were all involved with the incident. Other ships that were also part of the Nimitz Carrier Strike Group were also likely involved but to a lesser degree.
But maybe what's most important is that it really wasn't just an incident, the report states that the objects were detected over six days, from November 10 to the November 16th, 2004. Intermittent radar detection of a number of objects near the strike group as it plowed the waters off of the Baja Peninsula showed fantastic agility. They dropped from 60,000 feet down to just above the water in a number of seconds and hovered there before zooming off "high velocities and turn rates."
USN USS Princeton as seen in 2003. The vessel packs the Aegis combat system and its SPY-1 radar, which combined represent the most capable maritime anti-air warfare system in the world.
Yet even with an arsenal of the most powerful air defense sensors and combat systems in the world, the objects were impossible to continuously track. The report does note that if the USS Princeton, which acts as the nerve center for the carrier strike group's air warfare mission, was in ballistic missile tracking mode it may have been able to better track the objects as the filters that throw out clutter not indicative of an air-breathing threat would not be active.
Visual Contact
Over nearly a week, three separate events related to the mystery targets occurred, but on November 14th the phenomenon went from electronic to highly tangible. It started out around 10:00AM local time with the Princeton, callsign POISON, asking an E-2C orbiting high overhead to use its powerful AN/APS-145 radar to look-down and attempt to paint a target in a particular piece of sky that the ship was tracking.
At first, it looked like just a wave on the E-2 crew's scopes, but it turned out to be a very faint target with no velocity indication. The Princeton asked to take control of a pair of F/A-18F Super Hornets belonging to VFA-41, callsign FASTEAGLE 01, the E-2 was directing as part of a training mission. Controllers on the ship wanted to vector them to the ghost-like target in an attempt to get a better handle on what these strange radar returns were. The jets were only armed with captive training missiles.
What the pilots saw as they came within about a mile of the target was a white, featureless object—no wings, engines, control surfaces, or surface features—that measured roughly 45 feet long and looked like a flying Tic Tac. Commander David "Sex" Fravor, the commanding officer of VFA-41 and the pilot in the lead Super Hornet that day, noted that the outer shell of the craft looked like a "whiteboard." The object was low over the water which was frothing underneath. According to Fravor, it looked almost like the water was "boiling" below the object, which was moving above the water "like a Harrier." It then started moving at about 500 knots at 500 to 1,000 feet over the ocean.
USN
The Super Hornet's own AN/APG-73 radar couldn't detect the object even at close range. The pilots relied on a Link16 target track—presumably from the USS Princeton—to help them arrive at the target. They even tried making a 'helmet lock'—using their Joint Helmet Mounted Cueing System (JHMCS) to slew the jet's sensors onto the target—but it didn't work. The aircraft did not have a targeting pod mounted on it at the time of the event.
Fravor's then tried to intercept the Tic Tac by diving down toward it but "it appeared to recognize" him and took evasive action. Eventually, it pulled into the vertical and shot away at supersonic speed. The pilots asked the Princeton if they had the object still on their radar, and they replied "picture clean" meaning no unknown radar contacts appearing on their scopes. Then moments later they chimed back in stating "you're not going to believe this, it's back at your CAP!" The object hadn't just shot away at blistering speed, it actually returned to where the Super Hornets were on station performing a practice combat air patrol before the incident began.
When the pilots returned to the ship they were questioned about their jets and their operability—they were brand new with less than 100 hours on them and worked perfectly according to the pilots. They were also asked if they had experienced any physiological issues during the flight, which they hadn't.
USN
Word of the incident got around the carrier fast and personnel in CVIC (the aircraft carrier's intelligence center) donned tin-foil caps to greet the pilots as they showed up to debrief their UFO encounter and didn't take it seriously at first. The Super Hornet crews were not asked to sign any unique paperwork or non-disclosure agreements. The report also noted that the crews were constantly ridiculed over the weeks that followed.
Fravor has since gone on the record regarding the incident and describes his memory of it:
Another Hornet
During the same period of time, another jet, this time an F/A-18C from the VMFA-232, was on a check flight from the ship after undergoing maintenance when controllers asked the pilot if the unarmed fighter had any weapons onboard—not a normal question while doing training off the western seaboard—and vectored the aircraft to an unknown target.
The previously mentioned pair of VFA-41 Super Hornets that actually saw the object were also heading toward the target to investigate at this time. Upon arriving in the target area, the Marine Hornet pilot didn't see the white craft, but he did spot a big disturbance on the ocean's surface roughly 150 to 300 feet in diameter. The pilot noted that seas around this foaming area were calm.
USN
As the pilot left the scene he could see that the disturbance was dissipating. Upon debriefing with intelligence personnel, he was asked if he ever saw the "supersonic Tik Tak." He reported that he didn't. But the strange water phenomenon happened near where the Super Hornets were chasing the object and had just witnessed the "boiling" sea underneath it before it darted off.
VFA-41 Super Hornets v. Tic Tac Round Two
Another Super Hornet flight from VFA-41 launched after FASTEAGLE01 landed. By then it was roughly 3 PM. The crews exchanged information in the paraloft where they suit-up and suit-down before and after missions with the hopes that the second flight would also spot the object on their training mission. Once airborne and setup on station, the tracks of identified craft began to appear via the Super Hornet's Link16 data-link terminal at roughly 30-40 miles south of their position. They could get only intermittent and faint radar returns while searching for the object with their own radar. The report describes the crew's attempts to track the target in technical detail:
TIC TAC REPORT
Eventually, the crew was able to spot the target on with their ATFLIR targeting pod. After landing, the Super Hornet crew noted they could not confirm that this was the exact same thing the FASTEAGLE01 had seen as they never obtained a visual on it. The FLIR video captured that day has since become its own cultural phenomenon.
Overall, the report really paints a picture of how this was a larger event that impacted more people in some way than what most realize. It included three separate flights of aircraft, all of which observed the phenomenon in different ways.
What came after the aerial encounters is also of significant importance. When Commander Fravor, the lead Super Hornet pilot from the primary intercept, debriefed with the Carrier Air Wing's lead intelligence officer, they didn't know what to do with the information. If the pilot wasn't a Commander, squadron CO, and generally highly regarded it likely would have been given even less weight according to the report.
Related Video - Airliners And F-15s Involved In Bizarre Encounter With Mystery Aircraft Over Oregon:
Eventually, the account and the FLIR video were sent to the captain of 3rd Fleet Intelligence, where it supposedly met a dead-end. The Captain in charge there thought it needed no further investigation because happened during training at home and he thought it "was part of a counter-drug operation based on the area of operations." The reluctance to look deeper into the incident, at least officially, seemed to be true within the upper echelons of the Carrier Strike Group itself. But the report also makes an interesting note of just how incredible this encounter actually was, and how quickly any known investigation into it died:
TIC TAC REPORT
Another interesting aspect of this paper is that it mentions the USS Louisville (SSN-724), a Los Angeles class nuclear fast attack submarine that was also operating alongside the Nimitz. It makes note that the submarine didn't detect any unusual acoustic information or other anomalies during this whole event, even considering the churning water the craft seemed to cause.
USN
USS Louisville SSN-724
The report makes the conclusion that the objects likely never went below the water's surface due to the submarine's lack of awareness that the event was even occurring. If it did submerge, it meant this object represented a "highly advanced capability" that could evade the submarine's ultra-sensitive sonar and hydrophones.
And that's not the only conclusion the report comes to, there are six in all:
The 'Anomalous Aerial Vehicle' was of unknown origin and represented technology not currently in the possession of the U.S. or any other nation.
It featured broadband RF stealth making the use of radar against it largely ineffective.
The craft manifested extreme performance but did not have lifting structures or control surfaces required for traditional flight.
It showed that it has some kind of advanced propulsion capability making it able to go instantly from hovering to very high speed and to make very abrupt course changes.
It was able to 'cloak' itself, becoming invisible visually to the naked eye.
Possibly capable of operating undersea without being detected by the most advanced sub-surface sensors.
TIC TAC REPORT
Luis Elizondo, a former military intelligence officer that ran the AATIP program in associationwith contractor Bigelow Aerospace, told the I-Team that this is one of many other documented encounters that are just as impressive, but because of their classification, he can't share details about those incidents.
It's also worth mentioning that a somewhat similar, albeit less compelling incident has been disclosed. It occurred in the Atlantic 11 years later, with Hornet pilots once again being the on-scene investigators. You can read about this incident here and see the video that was published along with it below:
What's more compelling is that this report is a far less in-depth and detailed white paper than its highly classified companion, which we aren't likely ever to be able to see.
Regardless if you think the AATIP program was totally legit or some type of elaborate misinformation mechanism dreamed up in the darkest corners of the defense-industrial complex, during that week in November of 2004, something totally strange did indeed occur. And it didn't just happen in a blink of an eye, it happened over days, with the object in question being examined by a multitude of the U.S. Navy's front-line sensors as well as by the human eye of one of the best-trained and reliable observers one can imagine.
Emery Smith, also known as the "Black Project whistleblower", alleges he worked in a deep underground biological facility located in the USA.
There, Smith claims work is taking place on extraterrestrial technology harvested from alien beings and their crashed or captured spaceships which would change the world as we know it.
In a YouTube video, he makes a number of incredible revelations including that ET flying saucers are mostly “organic and linked to the driver”, they can be “infused with life and intelligence” and “change shape”.
Smith claims he served in the US Air Force before becoming a scientist who worked for major corporations on US military projects.
GETTY/YOUTUBE
UFOs: Self-proclaimed whistleblower alien scientist Emery Smith
“They have already mastered teleportation so the body can shrink within in its own living space. And that’s why they can go a million miles per hour and make a right hand turn, because they don’t feel it.”
Emery Smith
He alleges to have examined more than 3,000 body parts of alien beings.
It has been reported that Smith said he was based at a ultra-secret section of the huge Kirkland Air Force Base in New Mexico, USA.
In the YouTube video, posted by the 'Destroying the Illusion' channel, he makes some astonishing claims.
“I’ve witnessed many different craft in these projects, I was actually working with the craft and bodies because they’re connected,” Smith claims.
“A lot of the craft are organic material which means only the driver of that race can operate the vehicle due to their frequency of the genetic DNA and the frequency that they are emitting.
“It’s kind of like having a pet or a car that only responds to the owner.
“These types of vehicles are so amazing, they are usually made in space through harmonics and frequency.
“So they can actually give life to a craft and enthuse it with artificial intelligence or consciousness, or both.
“And match it to the driver or occupant, of this vehicle.”
He goes on to claim to having worked on number different types of downed flying saucers, which he claims are constantly “emitting an amazing energy from space” some 30 years after being captured.
“Of course there’s always the classic spheres, egg shapes and disc shapes,” he added.
“There’s also other craft that are inter-dimensional that can change shape.
“So they might come in the form of light and they can manifest and change their atomic structure to become a solid so these types of craft are a little bit more advanced than the craft than we hear about on pop culture and on tv.”
Some of his claims sound like they have been ripped from a science fiction movie.
But Smith claims that this technology which is “thousands of years ahead” is being “suppressed” from public knowledge.
And big companies are “fighting” to get their hands on the science.
He claimed: “These craft can actually go inter-dimensional, they can change shape with all of the occupants not knowing its happening and then reform again in different worlds and different dimensions, and different parts of the universe immediately.
“They have their own atmosphere, their own gravity, they have their own little space that they have projected from this craft which keeps them completely encapsulated in it.
“They have already mastered teleportation so the body can shrink within in its own living space.
“And that’s why they can go a million miles per hour and make a right hand turn, because they don’t feel it.
“Because they’re in their own dimensional holographic world, where they have to fall under those scientific algorithms.”
His reason for going public is that Smith claims the ET technology could completely change human life by offering free energy and groundbreaking medical cures.
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Filer’s Files # 20 – 2018 1941 UFO crash in Cape Girardeau MO - PART I
Filer’s Files # 20 – 2018 1941 UFO crash in Cape Girardeau MO - PART I
Inspecial reports, this week’s files cover: 1941 UFO crash in Cape Girardeau MO, Clinton Lost Because the Deep State Wanted to Stop Her From Releasing Secret Alien Files, DeLonge’s Contact with Top Insiders, Successful Intercept of intercontinental Missile, God or Aliens Was Guiding Evolution.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Arizona, California, Colorado, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, North Carolina, Texas, Virginia, and Washington.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Antarctica, Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Greece, New Zealand, Puerto Rico, and England in the United Kingdom.
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force investigated UFOs publicly for more than twenty years under Project Blue Book; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFO’s are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
Forward these files to your friends and neighbors.
Major George Filer Editor of The National UFO Center, would like to invite join him in Mt Shasta this summer July 27-29th 2018. He will present a wonderful program at the “From Venus with Love” conference.
There are a small number of witnesses to a UFO crash in Cape Girardeau, in South East Missouri in July 1941- Couple of mentions in documents about a UFO crash in 1941. A letter was sent to UFO investigator Raymond Fowler and reprinted in a UFO crash retrieval report by Leonard Stringfield in July 1991 regarding this incident. The letter was from a woman called Charlotte Mann about her grandfather Reverend William Huffman who was born in August 1881.
In the spring of 1941 at Cape Girardeau, he was asked by the Cape Girardeau police department to go to a plane crash outside of town. The letter said “Grandfather said it wasn’t an airplane or like any craft that he had ever seen. It was broken and scattered all around, but one large piece was still together and it appeared to have a rounded shape with no edges or seams. It has a very shiny metallic finish. You could see inside one section and see what looked like a metal chair with a panel with many dials and gauges, non familiar looking to him. He said that when he got there, men were already sifting through things. There were some police officers, plain clothed people and military men. There were three bodies not human, that had been taken from the wreckage and laid on the ground. Grandfather said prayers over them, so that he got a close look, but he did not touch them. He didn’t know what had killed them, because they did not appear to have had any injuries and they were not burned. It was hard for him to tell if they had suits, or if it was their skin. But they were covered head to foot in what looked like wrinkled aluminum foil. He could see no hair on the bodies and they had no ears. They were small framed like a child, about 4 feet tall, but had larger heads and longer arms than a human child. They had very large oval shaped eyes, no noses just holes, no lips with a small slit for a mouth.” Thanks to Linda Moulton Howe for this report. Interplanetary Phenomenon Unit Summary July 9th 1947 – Page 4 http://www.artbell.com/images/majestic/MJ12c4.JPG
Clinton Lost Because the Deep State Wanted to Stop Her From Releasing Secret Alien Files?
Mikhail Graham writes, “No, you’re not in the Twilight Zone: That really was Hillary Clinton’s 2016 campaign chairman and former White House Chief of Staff John Podesta on Ancient AliensFriday night.”
The long-running History Channel series is a haven for believers in the government/UFO conspiracy, alien abductions, and “The Reptilians.” (Season 8, Episode 5: “Could ancient myths about reptilian creatures provide evidence that they are more than just a pop-culture creation?”). The show has even pondered whether the moon is hollow and houses a secret alien base (Season 11, Episode 11).
This weekend Ancient Aliens kicked off its 13th season with a review of efforts to get the federal government to release its treasure trove of documents and data on what really happened at Roswell, Area 51, etc. Hillary and Podesta
And there—in between artist renditions of flying saucers and interviews with UFO conspiracy theorists like Georgio Tsoukalos and Stephen Bassett—was well-known Democrat politico John Podesta. Among the conspiracies promoted in this new (ahem) “documentary” is the suggestion that the real reason Hillary lost an impossible-to-lose campaign in 2016 wasn’t the Russians or the FBI.
It was aliens.
As conspiracy-debunker Jason Colavito says in his review of the episode:
“The show speculates that Clinton would have led a UFO disclosure movement had she won the presidency in 2016, and there is a strange implication that ‘the CIA and the Pentagon were worried about Hillary Clinton’ and therefore arranged for her to lose the election.”
John Podesta’s obsession with alien encounters and government disclosure is no secret. The Washington Postand others have written about it in the past. And video of Podesta’s 2002 appearance in a press event urging the government to release all its UFO files has a staple of “The Truth Is Out There” documentary industry.
Podesta’s passion has even made an appearance in the #Russiagate story, as InsideSources has reported. Among the Podesta emails released by Wikileaks during the 2016 campaign were several from Blink-182 front man (and UFO activist) Tom DeLonge referencing “Classified Science,” “DOD topics” and Roswell.
What is unusual about the latest Ancient Aliens episode (“The UFO Conspiracy”) is Podesta’s decision to sit down for an on-camera interview, participating directly in the program.
“Right after I left law school, I started working on that at the Department of Justice then at the Senate Judiciary Committee, and then when I worked for President Clinton’s White House,” Podesta says to the camera. “I was one of the people spearheading an initiative to declassify what turned out to be over a billion pages of documents that were resident at the national archives in President Clinton’s case. I think he was interested in the phenomenon.”
Podesta also discusses supposedly alien materials found at alleged UFO crash sites, materials currently in the possession of budget-hotel-billionaire-turned-aerospace-exec Robert Bigelow. “There were also indications that there were certain polymers that were discovered at crash sites that were unexplained and reviewed,” Podesta claims.
Podesta’s expertise on polymers may be suspect, but he knows his politics. In fact, there are a surprising number of political names in the episode: The Clintons; former Senators Harry Reid, Daniel Inouye and Ted Stevens; George Stephanopoulos, even President Obama who, the History Channel reminds us, oversaw the CIA’s release of 13 million documents, many of which related to the UFO issue.
“Secretary Clinton was also interested in the topic” of releasing UFO documentation and was very open about that fact “if elected, she would have ordered a more thorough declassification review,” Podesta says.
After this statement from Hillary’s campaign manager, the show’s narrator intones: “Many believe that if Clinton had won, there would have been a seismic shift from the government’s long-held policy of secrecy concerning UFO investigations to a new policy of full disclosure.”
Is this the answer to Hillary’s question “What Happened?” That’s certainly the documentary makers’ implication:
“The CIA, the Pentagon, they were worried about Hillary Clinton…winning the presidency and going to the Pentagon and basically saying, ‘you’re going to get me the information I need to disclose the extraterrestrial presence, or I’m going to fire every single one of you,’” Bassett says.
He’s followed by Linda Moulton Howe, whose previous work includes “Neil Armstrong’s Secret: UFO’s on the Moon?”“As this year went forward. We all expected that this headline that we’ve been waiting for that is going to break,” she said. “John Podesta was trying to get ready to open up [the fact] that we’re not alone in the universe.”
“All of that crashed when a different person became president of the United States,” Howe said.
Thomas Matthew DeLonge Jr. born December 13, 1975) is an American musician, film and record producer, author, and entrepreneur. He is the lead vocalist and guitarist of the rock band Angels & Airwaves, which he formed in 2005, and is the former co-lead vocalist, guitarist, and co-founder of the rock band Blink-182 from its formation in 1992 until his departure in 2015.
DeLonge grew up in the suburbs of Poway, California, where he embraced skateboardingat an early age. DeLonge received his first guitar shortly thereafter[when?] and began writing original punk rock songs. He formed the Blink-182 band in his high school years. The band created a following in the mid-1990s through independent releases and relentless touring. Blink-182 scored a number one album with 2001’s Take Off Your Pants and Jacket. The band broke up in 2005 following internal tension, spearheaded by DeLonge.
In 2005, he formed Angels & Airwaves, which has released five studio albums and has evolved into an “art project”, encompassing various forms of media. DeLonge reunited with Blink-182 in 2009, releasing new music and touring frequently, before parting ways with the band again in 2015. In addition to his musical career, DeLonge also manages business ventures that he founded: Macbeth Footwear, and technology and design firm Modlife. He helped score and produce the 2011 science fiction film Love, and has multiple film projects in development. Chasing Shadows (Sekret Machines #1) was released in April 2016. The release was a collaboration between DeLonge and NY Times Best Selling Author A. J. Hartley. To The Stars
In 2015, Tom Delonge founded To the Stars Academy of Arts and Sciences, a breakthrough scientific research, aerospace and media company incorporating Angels & Airwaves and a number of his books, including the Sekret Machines franchise. Reported partners include Jim Semivan (Vice President Operations), Hal Puthoff (Vice President Science & Technology), Steve Justice (Aerospace Division Director) Luis Elizondo (Director of Global Security & Special Programs), Chris Mellon (National Security Affairs Advisor), Garry Nolan (Genetics Technologies Consultant), Paul Rapp (Brain Function & Consciousness Consultant), Norm Kahn (National Security & Program Management Consultant), Colm Kelleher (Biotech Consultant) and Adele Gilpin (Biomedical Research & Attorney). Delonge describes how he is being helped by a team of ten advisors with direct links to corporations and Department of Defense entities involved with the U.S. development of a secret space program, and knowledge of a similar program simultaneously developed in Russia and the former Soviet Union. The public should be aware that the Soviet Union and the United States are allies when confronting and chasing UFOs and certain enemy aliens. Even today Russian and US astronauts are working together on the International Space Station. Don’t believe all the hype against Russia on the news.
It turns out DeLonge was having conversations with insiders according Wikileaks email releases. DeLong had meetings with
Major General William N. McCasland, the Commander of the Wright-Patterson Research Laboratories. His bio states: “He is responsible for managing the Air Force’s $2.2 billion science and technology program as well as additional customer funded research and development of $2.2 billion. He is also responsible for a global workforce of approximately 10,800 people in the laboratory’s component technology directorates, and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research.”
William Neil McCasland (Credit: USAF) had the following assignments:
June 1995 – August 1997, Commander, Operations Squadron, Aerospace Data Facility, Buckley AFB, Colo. August 1997 – March 2000, Chief Engineer, Navstar GPS Joint Program Office, Los Angeles AFB, Calif. April 2000 – September 2001, System Program Director, Space Based Laser Project Office, Los Angeles AFB, Calif. October 2001- May 2004, Materiel Wing Director, Air Force Research Laboratory Space Vehicles Directorate, and Commander, Phillips Research Site, Kirtland AFB, N.M.
June 2004 – October 2005, Vice Commander, Ogden Air Logistics Center, Hill AFB, Utah. October 2005 – June 2007, Vice Commander, Space and Missile Systems Center, Los Angeles AFB, Calif. June 2007 – June 2009, Director, Space Acquisition, Office of the Under Secretary of the Air Force, Washington, D.C.
June 2009 – May 2011, Director, Special Programs, Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics, the Pentagon, Washington, D.C. May 2011 – present, Commander, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio These assignments imply the General knows the latest Air Force capabilities.
One could just shrug McCasland’s participation in the meeting aside, and speculate that he may have attended to humor DeLonge and Podesta. This point of view could be supported by a follow-up email from DeLonge to Podesta, in which DeLonge seemed disappointed by McCasland’s participation.
The meeting took place on January 25, 2016 at 10:30 am. In an email from DeLonge to Podesta sent that afternoon, DeLonge writes:
He mentioned he’s a “skeptic”, he’s not. I’ve been working with him for four months. I just got done giving him a four hour presentation on the entire project a few weeks ago.
Trust me, the advice is already been happening on how to do all this. He just has to say that out loud, but he is very, very aware- as he was in charge of all of the stuff. When Roswell crashed, they shipped it to the laboratory at Wright Patterson Air Force Base. General McCasland was in charge of that exact laboratory who up until 2013 was the Commander of a top Air Force Research Laboratory.
He not only knows what I’m trying to achieve, he helped assemble my advisory team. He’s a very important man.
While it seems McCasland was reticent to share what he had previously told Delonge, this email is not the extent of DeLonge’s shocking claims regarding a previously unidentified general who DeLonge claims helped him assemble his team of insiders.
I landed on the Tarmac, walked off the plane, and met a smart and fit man in his 60’s. Never seen a Multi-Star General before.. Let alone talked to one. He led me to a table in the back of a large room. He leaned across the table and said “It was the Cold War, and we lived under the very real threat of Nuclear War every day… And somewhere in those years…We found a life-form.” I said, “Sir, I need help telling young adults this story…” He said, “What do you need?”….”Advisors”, I responded. “I need high-ranking Advisors in the Military, Intelligence and DOD to help guide me.” So- I was given 10 Advisors, each with knowledge in different areas that pertain to UFOs and the very real National Security issues associated with them. I do wish the press would ask me about this, rather than write stupid headlines about Aliens… I have been given a gift, the ability to tell you all our biggest secret. It will come in books, feature films and documentaries. It’s called SEKRET MACHINES
DeLonge is suggesting McCasland was the guy who told him “We found a life-form.”
There is another email suggesting a general had given DeLonge and Podesta advice on what to add to a potential White House memo, presumably, on UFOs. This email was sent from DeLonge to Podesta in September, 2015.
Michael Carey (Credit: USAF)
There was another general in that Google Hangout meeting, who appears to have been working with DeLonge for awhile. That is retired USAF Major General Michael Carey. According to his USAF bio, Carey was the Special Assistant to the Commander, Air Force Space Command, Peterson Air Force Base, which is also the home of NORAD. Petersen is at the base of the famous Cheyenne Mountain. Carey wrote on the back of the Sekret Machines’ book, our adversaries are aware of our undertakings and our doing the same. Many of those spaceships frequently photographed may belong to the Russians and Chinese.
Michael J. Carey is an American entrepreneur and one of four founders of ATLAS Space Operations, Inc. Upon retiring after 32 years of military service, he became CEO and President of AAC Microtec North America, Inc., founded M. Carey Consultants, LLC, and CompressWave,
In this later email, DeLonge mentions he is going to meet with officials from Air Force Space Command. That makes it likely Carey was the one who sent the pointers regarding the memo. Carey also seems to have an interest in the topic, he even submitted a book review for that can be seen on the book’s webpage on Amazon.com.
Other attendees at the Google Hangout meeting, were Executive Vice President & General Manager Advanced Development Programs (Skunk Works) at Lockheed and Martin Aeronautics Rob Weiss.
DeLonge has had high-level meetings. But can we believe that McCasland has told him the USAF recovered an alien body and is back engineering alien technology and is helping him assemble a team to reveal this information to the public?
When I visited Wright Patterson on several occasions, I was told that aliens were on the base as well as crashed UFOs. Numerous people had heard the stories and claimed to know where the were hidden underground at the base. Several people had been shown movies of the craft at Commander’s call.
There has been an ongoing project to slowly feed this information to the public and DeLonge must be a big part of a phase to this project that is coming to fruition.
The hacked email is addressed to John Podesta, chairman of the Hillary Clinton Presidential Campaign, and dated January 25th, 2016, with the subject header “General McCasland”:
Podesta had previously been named by DeLonge as an official working with him to reveal the truth about UFOs. Pedestal’s involvement in UFO disclosure initiatives is well documented, and involves his service in both the Clinton and Obama Presidential administrations.
Arguably, the most significant among Podesta’s many statements about UFOs and government secrecy was his tweet, on the final day of his appointment as a Senior Advisor to President Obama, where he revealed:
“Finally, my biggest failure of 2014. Once again not securing the disclosure of the UFO files.”
In early 2016, DeLonge co-authored the book, Sekret Machines: Chasing Shadows, which is the first in a planned multimedia series of books and documentaries promising to blow the lid off of a cover up of secret space programs and the UFO phenomenon.
DeLonge says I’ve had meetings in mysterious rooms far out in the desert. I’ve had meetings at the highest levels of NASA. I have had conversations at research centers, think tanks, and even on the phone connected to secret facilities. I’ve been introduced to a man whom I call “the Scientist,” and another whom I call “the General.” And there are many more of whom I cannot say much about, but some have become true friends, and all have become close counselors. Each of these men has all held, or currently holds, the highest offices of the military and scientific elite. The point is, I have done it. I have assembled a team of men and women “in the know.” And they all believe I am doing something of value, something worth their time and yours. [Sekret Machines –95-100]
Tom DeLonge and A.J. Hartley create a convincing narrative describing the “cat and mouse” game that is timeless between strategic adversaries. It has existed under the sea, on the surface of the earth and in its skies, why wouldn’t we believe it occurs in space. Our military leaders have been saying space is a contested environment for years now, perhaps we should believe them! -Maj. Gen. Michael J. Carey
Bob Gates and Henry Kissinger were behind the Reagan UFO Disclosure Program which failed in Rick Doty, Bill Moore, Robert Collins, and Jaime Shandera were key players plus many others.
Successful Intercept of intercontinental Missile
The U.S. Missile Defense Agency, in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force 30th Space Wing, the Joint Functional Component Command for Integrated Missile Defense and U.S. Northern Command, on May 10, 2018,
successfully intercepted an intercontinental ballistic missile target during a test of the Ground-based Midcourse Defense (GMD) element of the nation’s ballistic missile defense system.
A ground-based interceptor was launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, and its exo-atmospheric kill vehicle intercepted and destroyed the target in a direct collision.
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Filer’s Files # 20 – 2018 1941 UFO crash in Cape Girardeau MO - PART II
Filer’s Files # 20 – 2018 1941 UFO crash in Cape Girardeau MO - PART II
UFO Sightings in the United States
Arizona Light
Phoenix — When I was out in April of 2015, this, a depiction, is what I saw above the Superstition Mountains at Gold Canyon, AZ. About 25 of us or so of us gathered at the home of Cynthia Crawford, and we all observed about the same thing or a similar event, as my details might be a little sketchy.
I remember that the lights, that shouldn’t have been there, danced and moved around in the sky as if orchestrated. Love and Light, Dan Johnson
California Object
Pixley — My two year old sister and I were walking around our property and I was taking a video of her dancing. I really didn’t pay much attention to the object in the background on May 11, 2018. I noticed it but didn’t give it too much attention. I posted the picture on social media and still didn’t really care. The next day I went over the video, I slowed it down and got a screenshot of when the flying object entered the frame, appeared. I felt fine, normal. I guess the only difference is my phones Wi-Fi kept turning off.
In the video it shows the object appear quickly and just as quick disappear. Hard to say what it really looks but the object was noticeable on camera. I saw it but that it was a big bird.Thanks to MUFON CMS
Colorado Disc
Guffey — I visit a friend of mine in an ‘off grid’ location outside of Guffey, CO each year. It’s been my habit to get up before sunrise to photograph the sun rising over the mountains. I hadn’t looked critically at the hundreds of photos I had taken over the course of 3 years until recently. I was stunned to find numerous photos of lights flying around the surrounding mountains where there is no one living, driving, existing. You can see the source of the lights taken on August 29, 2013. Some show these round metallic objects that are beaming either a green or a yellow light. They move all around the mountains emitting some kind of red smoke or fumes. It was must in 2 photos that were shot within seconds of each other with a Canon 7D and a 70-300mm lens. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Michigan Lights
On May 8, 2018, I was in my backyard playing with my dog when something caught my eye. It was a clear day, above my home I saw two large oval objects that were very bright. I looked, thinking what the heck am I witnessing? I stood there mesmerized when it dawns on me to grab my phone which was inside the house. I took a picture and as soon as I took the picture within a second they darted up slightly and totally disappeared into thin air. These objects danced and darted back and forth while I watched them. It looks like there’s a trail behind them which I didn’t notice at the time. Also up to the left of the photo, if u zoom in, there is a dark object. It looks slightly arched. I know what I saw. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Missouri Bright Light
St. Louis — I was sitting in my lounge with my wife, when on May 14, 2018. I noticed a large oval flash 10 blocks from us. I clearly noticed a small circular black dot, as the lightning flashed. The sky lit up. Stating to my wife “that’s awesome, you just missed the weirdest ball lightning.” That was when I first noticed the object and began to “freak out.” Stating to my wife, ‘that ain’t no ordinary star, it’s way too big’. I then continued to take photos and video of the craft. We were looking at a glowing ball of intense light, with what seemed like a matte gray “X” symbol at its core another 4 minutes. As lightning began to flash, the object started slowly and began to move with a large, bright light atop of the craft. As a plane drew closer, the craft slowly began to dim and flew away. We contacted JP at Missouri MUFON branch: Thanks to MUFON CMS
New Jersey Triangle
Trenton — Large black triangle with four lights slowly drifted across the sky- at 11:21PM. I was laying on my hammock after getting home from a late shift at work, on May 10, 2018 enjoying the weather and watching the stars. At first I thought I thought I saw watching a shooting star, but I quickly realized it was four lights moving in tandem, three in the shape of an equilateral triangle with one in the center. The lights appeared to be attached to an object, because I could see stars disappearing behind it. The object moved too slowly to be a star and made no sound. I live near the Trenton-Mercer Airport, and I know what planes look and sound like. Thanks to MUFON CMS Phto is a depiction
North Carolina Circular Object
Greenville — Sitting on front porch and noticed lights swirling and bouncing. Om May 12, 2018. I started taking pictures as I saw the object hover and rise. It hovered and flashed lights for a long while. There were lights pulsating and flashing, changing colors from red to green to yellow and back again. It was circular with a dome shape above the lights. I noticed two of these objects in the distance but there’s this one that was closer and seemed almost playful. My wife also saw it. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Texas Object
Richland Hills — Looked like a round, bright light on May 7, 2018.
Took picture with zoom lens app, then zoomed in more on photo using spread fingers.
It is boomerang shaped. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Virginia Object
What are these? I took these photos on the 10th of May 2018.
I didn’t see them while taking these photos but I had a feeling something might be there. They just sort of showed up.
Possible UFOs at that height. Could be dirt on lens or bird, Blowups don’t give any detail.
Love and Light, Dan Johnson
Washington Disc
Curlew –On Wednesday afternoon May 9, 2018, my grandson (19 yrs. old) ran outside to take pictures of the rainbow. He took 3 consecutive shots on his cell phone camera. He sent the pictures via text to me as he knows I love rainbows. He said he was amazed at what he saw other than the rainbow. Two other people were with him and witnessed the event.
Note the white disk shaped object to the right above the rainbow. The second photo shows it again. In the third photo it is gone.. It wasn’t even there for two seconds before a muffled hum and like that it was gone”. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Worldwide UFO Sightings
Antarctica Objects
Looking on Google Earth at Antarctica and noticed to disc shaped objects captured by picture both objects look as if they’re flying in unison.
Captured photo on May 17, 2018 . Thanks to MUFON CMS
Australia Sightings
Old Reynella South – During my daily drive on April 13 2013, I captured this photo on the dash camera.
I found the footage when going through file after noticing other anomalous activity whilst initially searching for unrelated vision.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
Brisbane — Not sure if anyone has ever noticed it before, but what is that object floating in the sky in the upper right hand corner of the city skyline?
Does not appear to be a crane boom or anything else connected to the ground, nor does it appear to be a blimp or dirigible.
Photo taken on May 14, 2018.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
Brazil Rectangle
Pinhais — 1. I was close to home going to buy bread. 2. I got the cell phone and started to record. 3. I thought it was a balloon, but the red light in the center along with the high altitude and very fast descent speed made me doubt. 4. At first a very large strip of red light was very visible, as if it were a strip of neon light falling.338’885. This is not the first time I witnessed UFOs with very different movements than aircraft. I was very lucky record a single event. 6. I went home to call my wife and son to see the objects. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Canada Sphere
Kingsville — I observed this very bright sphere ongoing every night since the 29th April 2018. It appears in the West then slowly sinks towards the North. I thought OK some planet like Venus but this is 10x bigger and brighter than any planet seen in the sky. What struck me is now for two nights there has been storm clouds. Although it may disappear for a few seconds it reappears with no other stars, I concluded it has to be a UFO in a lower orbit or so bright it shines through even thick black thunder clouds. Thanks to MUFON CM
France Triangle
Blainville Sur L ‘Eau — Watching on computer, on the moment no direct observation, discovered watching the video.
would like to share with you a craft near the moon which I am at a loss to explain in conventional terms.
Would very much appreciate an informed opinion. I have shared it with friends who have encouraged me to reach out.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
Greece Object
Chania — I went out to the balcony and saw a large glowing sphere hovering over the houses on May 15, 2018, We stay next to a military base and about six F16’s were taking off. To the SE the object was hovering. I took some video and photos of the object multiple times. When I had a look at the images I noticed another photo taken in the opposite direction (North) and it looks like a disc shape craft. There were 3-4 other smaller objects moving in multiple directions which were more like orbs flying.
New Zealand Shape
Auckland — Walking to the gas station and looked up at the sky on May 15, 2018. The clouds were moving really fast and noticed a shape that was stationery that the clouds seemed to be going around. It had straight lines and appeared to be square like. A white light glowed from the edges. Tried to see evidence of it being spot lights from the ground causing it but no evidence of that. It was completely still, no noise and there for at least 5 minutes as that is how long I observed it. It didn’t move so I continued on doing what I was doing. Didn’t look for it after that. Having been sharing the photo with family today who seem to think it could be a UFO? Thanks to MUFON CMS
Reunion Island
Saint-Pierre — On May 14, 2018 at 10:45 pm our habits are to admire the view of the coast which is very visible from where we live on this French Island . We spotted two white lights and one red appeared with a strong intensity in the form of triangle. I took my camera to take photos and film. The object remained on the spot about 4 minutes and began to move in a straight line at a fairly high speed at low altitude. I think that we can observe the reflection on the water and then to start an ascent before disappearing. It has to be 5km away in 2 minutes. Thanks To Jean Pierre
UK Cylinder
Reading — While travelling to the shops on May 6, 2018, I was attracted to a glimmering object in the sky. At first I thought it may be a balloon. But it wasn’t behaving as a balloon would travel into the sky. I have kids and know how quickly they escape into the heavens above! The height seemed pretty consistent although hard to trace at times. The object appeared to be reflecting and also emitting light from its surface. I have seen unexplainable objects in the area mainly of white cylindrical shape as if a plain without wings. One at a great height just the day before. No chemtrail and not picked up on my flight radar app. Thanks to MUFON CMS
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Advanced (Possibly Extraterrestrial) German Technology From Before WW2
Advanced (Possibly Extraterrestrial) German Technology From Before WW2
(Arjun Walia) “A German newspaper recently published an interview with George Klein, famous German engineer and aircraft expert, describing the experimental construction of ‘flying saucers’ carried out by him from 1941 to 1945.”
Exotic technology has been around for a long time, and so have the agencies within the Department of Defense that use it. Just imagine what type of technology the NSA — an intelligence agency whose existence was denied until the mid-1960s — was using in the 1950s. Then there’s the National Reconnaissance Office, which was founded in 1960 but remained completely secret for 30 years. Secret technologies have been wrapped up in the Black Budget and Special Access Programs (SAPs) for years, and many of these SAPS remain unacknowledged by anybody within the government. They’re exempt from standard reporting requirements to Congress.
“It is ironic that the U.S. would begin a devastating war, allegedly in search of weapons of mass destruction, when the most worrisome developments in this field are occurring in your own backyard. It is ironic that the U.S. should be fighting monstrously expensive wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, allegedly to bring democracy to those countries, when it itself can no longer claim to be called a democracy, when trillions, and I mean thousands of billions of dollars have been spent on projects about which both the Congress and the Commander in Chief have been kept deliberately in the dark.”
When it comes to exotic aerial technology, there is no shortage of information. For examine, in the mid-1920s, Townsend Brown discovered that gravitational mass and electric charge are coupled. He found that when a capacitor is charged to a high voltage, it moves toward its positive pole. This became known as the “Biefeld-Brown” effect, which, like many new concepts today that challenge longheld belief systems (that then become scientific dogma), was opposed by conventional-minded physicists of his time.
As Theodore C. Loder, a Professor Emeritus of Earth Sciences at the University of New Hampshire, states:
The Pearl Harbor Demonstration. Around 1953, Brown conducted a demonstration for military top brass. He flew a pair of 3-foot diameter discs around a 50-foot course tethered to a central pole. Energized with 150,000 volts and emitting ions from their leading edge, they attained speeds of several hundred miles per hour. The subject was thereafter classified. Project Winterhaven. Brown submitted a proposal to the Pentagon for the development of a Mach 3 disc shaped electrogravitic fighter craft. Drawings of its basic design are shown in one of his patents. They are essentially large-scale versions of his tethered test discs.
German Flying Saucers
Here is an authentic image/story of a large UFO hovering over L.A., which was witnessed by 1 million people. Dubbed the “Battle of Los Angeles,” it was an event that showed us how the U.S. military was learning to lie about UFOs, five years prior to the Roswell Incident.
During World War Two, multiple strange sightings occurred, of disc-shaped objects travelling at incomprehensible speeds. When the Associated Press and New York Times covered the topic in 1945, they speculated the objects might be a new form of German weaponry.
There is no shortage of strange documents in the CIA’s Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) electronic reading room. Many reveal the agency’s efforts to keep tabs on the technological developments of other countries, especially during and after World War II.
One document brings up a famous German engineer named Georg Klein, who, as the document states, expressed that “though many people believe the ‘flying saucers’ to be a postwar development, they were actually in the planning stage in German aircraft factories as early as 1941.”
The document then goes on to mention an experiment described by Klein:
“The “flying saucer” reached an altitude of 12,400 meters within 3 minutes and a speed of 2,200 kilometers per hour. Klein emphasized that in accordance with German plans, the speed of these “saucers” would reach 4,000 kilometers per hour. One difficulty, according to Klein, was the problem of obtaining the materials to be used for the construction of the “saucers,” but even this had been solved by German engineers toward the end of 1945, and construction on the objects was scheduled to begin, Klein added.
Three Different Models
According to Klein, by 1944 the Germans had already built three saucers for testing. Were these the “foo” fighters all of these American pilots were reporting? The document describes the three disks:
One type actually had the shape of a disc, with an interior cabin, and was built at the (unidentified) factories, which had also built the V2 rockets. This model was 42 meters in diameter. The other model had the shape of a ring, with raised sides and a spherically shaped pilot’s cabin placed on the outside, in the center of the ring . . . [and] both models had the ability to take off vertically and to land in an extremely restricted area, like helicopters.
The engineers were ordered to destroy these saucers, including all of the plans for them. “The engineers at the Mite factories in Breslau, however, were not warned in sufficient time of the Soviet approach, and the Soviets, therefore, succeeded in seizing their material. Plans, as well as specialized personnel, were immediately sent directly to the Soviet Union under heavy guard.”
German Saucer Technology Has Been in the Lore for a Long Time
Aviation writer Nick Cook is one of many to have investigated this topic, and in 2002 he came to the conclusion that the Nazis had experimented “with a form of science the rest of the world had never remotely considered” and which continues to be suppressed today.
It makes you wonder what the United States received given that, through Operation Paperclip, a number of top German scientists were transported to the United States.
“[Italian researcher] Renato Vesco argued that Germans had developed antigravity. Disc-shaped and tubular craft were built and tested near the end of the Second World War, which, he argued, was the proper explanation of foo fighters. These concepts, he maintained, were developed by the Americans and Soviets and led directly to flying saucers.”
Another researcher Joseph P, Farrell, a professor of Economics in the Department of Economics at the University of California, Berkely, believes that some of the Nazi’s developments were
A means to tap into zero-point energy, or to phrase it differently, the energy of the physical medium of space-time itself
As a means to manipulate gravity itself, i.e. as an advanced prototypical field propulsion technology; and,
As a means to the ultimate, potentially planet-busting, weapons
Former head of the CIA Roscoe Hilenkoetter put it best in 1960 when he told the nation that “behind the scenes, high ranking air force officers are soberly concerned about UFOs. But through official secrecy and ridicule, many citizens are led to believe the unknown flying objects are nonsense.” (source)
“Oh yes we discuss it at every conference that we had with the military, and they never were able to make me a concrete report on it. . . . There’s always things like that going on, flying saucers and they’ve had other things, you know.”
I’ve been researching the UFO/extraterrestrial phenomenon for more than two decades now, and the more I do, the more I realize just how little I know, and how much information is out there that I have yet to examine. What I have learned, from documents like the one above, is that many of these crafts are most likely manmade, by our own agencies.
That being said, although UFOs are now officially verified, this wasn’t so just a few years ago. Just as there was evidence for the UFO phenomenon when it was ridiculed, so too does the extraterrestrial hypothesis have plenty of evidence to back it up, despite not being accepted by the mainstream yet.
I’ve covered why I believe so in many of my articles, most of which you can find in the exopolitics section of our website.
I’ll leave you with a couple of my favourite quotes.
“It is my thesis that flying saucers are real and that they are space ships from another solar system. I think that they possibly are manned by intelligent observers who are members of a race that may have been investigating our Earth for centuries.”
– Hermann Oberth , the founding father of rocketry and astronautics
There is abundant evidence that we are being contacted, that civilizations have been monitoring us for a very long time.”
– Dr. Brian O’Leary, former NASA Astronaut and Princeton Physics Professor (source)
THE AKASHIC RECORDS: A CONSCIOUS COSMIC NETWORK WHERE EVERYTHING IS STORED?
THE AKASHIC RECORDS: A CONSCIOUS COSMIC NETWORK WHERE EVERYTHING IS STORED?
The word Akasha can be traced back to its Sumerian origin where it was used to refer to aether, both in its elemental and metaphysical sense.
Perhaps the person we need to turn to when speaking about the Akasha or ether is a man whose importance has not been truly appreciated: Nikola Tesla—a genius polymath, inventor and a mechanical and electrical engineer.
In an interview dubbed Man’s Greatest Achievement, Nikola Tesla said: “All perceptible matter comes from a primary substance, or tenuity beyond conception, filling all space, the Akasha or luminiferous ether, which is acted upon by the life-giving Prana or creative force, calling into existence, in never-ending cycles all things and phenomena.”
However, even before Nikola Tesla, philosophers and ancient scholars wondered whether the so-called ether existed.
If we take a look at the ‘Indian Travels of Apollonius of Tyana,’ we will find further mention of the so-called ether.
If we take a look at ancient Hinduism, Akash is the fifth of the ‘five great elements’:
prthivi (earth)
apa (water)
agni (fire)
vaiu (air)
akashá (ether)
“And they allowed Apollonius to ask questions; and he asked them of what they thought the cosmos was composed”; but they replied; “Of elements.”
“Are there then four?” he asked. “Not four,” said Larchas, “but five.”
“And how can there be a fifth,” said Apollonius, “alongside water and air and earth and fire?”
“There is the ether,” replied the other, “which we must regard as the stuff of which gods are made; for just as all mortal creatures inhale the wire, so do immortal and divine natures inhale the ether.”
“Am I,” said Apollonius, “to regard the universe as a living creature?” “Yes,” answered the other.
Akasha or ākāśa is a term for either space or ætherin traditional Indian cosmology. In ancient Sanskrit, it is used to describe the ‘ether’ (æther), which is an impalpable, immaterial, subtle and intangible fluid, which the ancient Hindus believed exists across and ‘inside’ the entire universe and would be the vehicle of sound and life.
We come to understand that ether or Akasha is basically the fundament of all that exists in our material world.
In numerous ancient teachings, Akasha is considered the invisible force behind the creation of all matter.
Furthermore, in Vedantic Hinduism, Akasha is translated to as the basis and essence of all things in the material world; and is considered the first material element created from the astral world.
As noted by CE, it is the source of energy for material manifestation.
The enigma behind the Akashic Records
So what are the AkashicRecords?
Alice A. Bailey wrote in her book Light of the Soul on The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Book 3 – Union achieved and its Results (1927):
The akashic record is like an immense photographic film, registering all the desires and earth experiences of our planet. Those who perceive it will see pictured thereon: The life experiences of every human being since time began, the reactions to experience of the entire animal kingdom, the aggregation of the thought-forms of a karmic nature (based on desire) of every human unit throughout time. Herein lies the great deception of the records. Only a trained occultist can distinguish between actual experience and those astral pictures created by imagination and keen desire.
The meaning of Akashic records can be summed up as the ‘data’ that in theory exists in a single place, in a non-physical way, outside of time and space.
In these, records we can discover the absolute knowledge and experience of our soul; almost as if it were part of a supercomputer of cosmic information where our past lives, the present and future possibilities (forming part of the theory of reincarnation), as well as the sense of our existence, reside.
The Akashic records (from Akasha, in Sanskrit: sky, space, ether), can also be summed up as a kind of memory (of everything that has happened since the beginning of time) that has become embedded and registered in the ether.
There, everything that has happened since the beginning of time and all the knowledge of the universe is found safely guarded since time immemorial.
If we take a look at their meaning from a Theosophical and Anthroposophical point of view, we find that the Akashic records are a summary of all human events, thoughts, words, emotions, and intent ever to have occurred in the past, present, or future.
If there’s one thing that scientists absolutely should be working on, it’s a self-regenerating robo-Deadpool or the eerily-fluid T-1000 Terminator. Thankfully, a team of scientists just took an important first step towards building a robot that can keep on truckin’ even with a couple of bullet holes improve its ventilation.
Okay, so maybe they weren’t working on killer robots and (probably) didn’t subject their research to gunfire, but what they did do is create a soft, flexible electronic material that can automatically repair its circuits when it gets damaged.
Credit: Nature Materials
The new “skin” is made of droplets of liquid metal housed within a rubber-like material that can bend, fold, and stretch. Calling it “self-repairing” is a bit of a misnomer, as the stretchy material won’t stitch itself together. But when it’s ripped, torn, or cut, the droplets burst open and create new circuits, immediately replacing those that were broken. The current is never broken, so electricity continues to flow even as the material is being damaged.
The team demonstrated this immediate rerouting by continuously powering a clock while cutting away at pieces of the flexible circuitry.
The team of scientists who developed the material imagines that it will help develop better robots that are based on people or other animals, and also improve interactions between people and machines. It could also lead to better wearable technology that won’t break from everyday wear and tear.
“If we want to build machines that are more compatible with the human body and the natural environment, we have to start with new types of materials, Carmel Majidi, an engineer at Carnegie Mellon University who worked on the research, said in a press release.
Many engineers believe that soft electronics will help revolutionize the way robots function, and also how they’re perceived in society. Flexible and durable machinery could help bring robots from the awkward, jerky movements typical of hard, inflexible bots to something more like the humanoid, smooth NS-5 androids from iRobot – at least in terms of appearance and motor control.
We all know that the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event killed all the dinosaurs, but scientists behind an ongoing project in Scotland are asking: What if it didn’t? In their tests on “environmental DNA” from Loch Ness, the United Kingdom’s largest body of freshwater and the alleged home to the Loch Ness monster, the team remains open to any sort of discovery, including any that point to the existence of ancient, giant reptiles.
The team, led by Neil Gemmell, Ph.D., a professor of evolutionary genetics at the University of Otago in New Zealand, aren’t sure what they will find. “I don’t believe in the idea of a monster, but I’m open to the idea that there are things yet to be discovered and not fully understood,” he told BBC News on Wednesday, “Maybe there’s a biological explanation for some of the stories.” One possibility is that Nessie is not a monster but some livic relic from an ancient time. We already know that the descendants of dinosaurs still live on today as birds, so who’s to say that a population of aquatic dinosaurs or dinosaur descendants — or maybe just one — couldn’t have survived in the 22-mile-long lake all these years? To find out, the team is looking to the waters of Loch Ness itself, hoping to find genetic data betraying the presence of the legendary beast.
Loch Ness boat tours have Nessie decals on their windows to give you a photo-op, but that's because tour guides haven't ever seen the real thing.
The idea behind the study is elegantly simple: Animals leave behind traces of themselves wherever they go, so if Nessie (or a Nessie-like dinosaur) does exist, odds are high that it’s left some of its scales, urine, or feces in the lake. “This DNA can be captured, sequenced and then used to identify that creature by comparing the sequence obtained to large databases of known genetic sequences from hundreds of thousands of different organisms,” Gemmell told Reuters on Wednesday. Even if the eDNA doesn’t turn up a dinosaur, it’ll still tell the scientists a lot about the real creatures that actually live there.
“There’s absolutely no doubt that we will find new stuff, and that’s very exciting,” Gemmell tells *The Guardian. “While the prospect of looking for evidence of the Loch Ness monster is the hook to this project, there is an extraordinary amount of new knowledge that we will gain from the work about organisms that inhabit Loch Ness.”
As Inverse previously reported, people have suspected Loch Ness holds a monster for literally 1,500 years, yet nobody’s captured a decent photo of it or found any credible physical evidence to support its existence. Even though Loch Ness is big, scientists have long said that a breeding population of huge animals would require a much bigger habitat to survive.
Of course, when it comes to conspiracy theories, true believers will often dismiss any evidence that contradicts the hypothesis, even if the evidence is scientific. In fact, the history of conspiracy theories suggests that, even if this study turns up nothing, there’ll be people out there who think Gemmell’s team is intentionally hiding the truth from us all. Regardless of what they find, it seems unlikely that the Loch Ness myth will ever be laid to rest.
US defence chiefs reportedly commissioned a 13-page report into a UFO encounter off the coast of San Francisco.
Aircraft carrier USS Nimitz and vessels in her carrier strike group played cat-and-mouse with the UFO for some six days back in November 2004.
And destroyer USS Princeton reported encountered the craft on “several occasions” as F-18s warplanes were dispatched the investigate the UFO.
The Pentagon report details the “Tic Tac” was believed to be around 46feet long, look “solid white, smooth with no edges” and incapable of being detected by the most advanced gear in the US Navy.
Footage of the UFO encounter with USS Nimitz was previously leaked, with the pilot Commander David Fravor saying it was “not from this world”.
GETTY
UFO: US warships and fighter jets encountered a UFO which matched up with “no known aircraft"
The Pentagon report released by TV channel Las Vegas Now contains no author or date – but is said to have been verified by four sources.
It is an unclassified report written as part of a Pentagon program examining UFOs encounters.
Another highly classified version is also reported to have been written containing more detail on the incident with the USS Nimitz.
But this report remains under lock and key.
F-18 pilots were interviewed for the report, as well as radar operators aboard warships in the strike group – including submarine USS Louisville.
An unidentified flying object, as seen in a recently declassified Department of Defense video.
(DoD screenshot)
NC
CAT-AND-MOUSE CHASE: Two US warships and fighter jets encountered a UFO
Pentagon officials offered a series of chilling “key assessments” into the encounter with the “Tic Tac”.
It states the UFO was no known aircraft in the world, and was capable of “rendering US radar based engagement capabilities ineffective”.
The UFO was also capable of “advanced aerodynamic performance”, with “advanced propulsion” and the “ability to cloak or become invisible”.
And it also appeared to be able to “operate undersea completely undetectable by our most advanced sensors”.
US Navy crew and airmen observed the UFOs descending from “approximately 60,000 feet down to approximately 50 feet in a matter of seconds”.
It took evasive action when the F-18s swooped to intercept.
And it showed the ability to “operate unchallenged in close vicinity” to the Carrier Strike Group.
One pilot said it “just appeared as if the radar couldn’t hack it” and another said it was “looked like it had a white candy-coated shell, almost like a white board”.
GETTY
AIRCRAFT CARRIER: USS Nimitz and vessels played cat-and-mouse with the UFO
GETTY
DESTROYER: F-18s warplanes were dispatched the investigate the UFO
US Navy pilot Commander Fravor, leader of the Black Aces, previously spoke about the incident on CNN.
He said: "“It had no wings. So you think ‘okay, it’s a helicopter’ but there’s no rotor wash in the water, there’s no rotors and when helicopters move from side-to-side they’re kind of slow then pick up speed going the other way.
“This was extremely abrupt, like a ping pong ball bouncing off a wall. It would hit and go the other way and change directions at will.
"Then the ability to hover over the water then start a vertical climb from zero up to about 12,000ft and then accelerate in less than two seconds and disappear is something that I’ve never seen in my life.”
Pilots also reported seeing a large swell in the ocean near the “Tic Tac”.
UFO encounters are normally highly classified and are subject to intense scrutiny by the Pentagon.
It is unknown if these objects are advanced foreign of experimental tech, pure fantasy by all those involved, or creatures from another world.
Disclosure pressure groups are calling on the US government to put release more information about these UFO encounters.
Triangle-shaped UFO spotted in RussiaYouTube Screenshot
Conspiracy theorists who love discussing the US government are in for a treat. Many have alleged for several years that the US Air Force has developed an anti-gravity flying craft called TR-3B using alien technology. According to these theorists, sightings of a triangular unidentified flying object in various parts of the United States are a clear evidence that indicates the existence of such an aircraft.
Recently, a similar sighting was reported in Hampshire, London, where a triangular UFO with bright lights was seen hovering in the sky.
As the video went viral online, a section of conspiracy theorists began stating that this was the United States testing the secretive space vehicle in the skies of Britain. However, alien buffs argue that these vessels are actually from outer space, and made it clear that extraterrestrials used to visit earth regularly to monitor the activities of human beings.
The secretive TR-3B was allegedly developed by the US Air Force as a part of a black project during the time of Gulf War. Also known as Black Triangle, these spacecraft usually hover in low altitudes across skies in a very silent manner.
The new sighting was reported just a month after another triangular UFO was spotted in California. The video, shared by conspiracy theory channel 'mavi777', shows an unidentified flying object with lights on each tip of its three-sided body, as well as one at the back that can be seen flashing frequently.
Even though rumors surrounding TR-3B have been circulating since the beginning of the Gulf War, the US Air Force has never confirmed the existence of the widely speculated secret vessel.
The increased number of triangular UFO sightings post-2017 have compelled many conspiracy theorists to believe that the US Air Force is secretly conducting a black operation in the skies. Many even believe that top Air Force officials in the US military used to visit aliens in the skies after travelling in such aircraft.
Triangle-shaped UFO spotted in RussiaYouTube Screenshot
Conspiracy theorists who love discussing the US government are in for a treat. Many have alleged for several years that the US Air Force has developed an anti-gravity flying craft called TR-3B using alien technology. According to these theorists, sightings of a triangular unidentified flying object in various parts of the United States are a clear evidence that indicates the existence of such an aircraft.
Recently, a similar sighting was reported in Hampshire, London, where a triangular UFO with bright lights was seen hovering in the sky.
As the video went viral online, a section of conspiracy theorists began stating that this was the United States testing the secretive space vehicle in the skies of Britain. However, alien buffs argue that these vessels are actually from outer space, and made it clear that extraterrestrials used to visit earth regularly to monitor the activities of human beings.
The secretive TR-3B was allegedly developed by the US Air Force as a part of a black project during the time of Gulf War. Also known as Black Triangle, these spacecraft usually hover in low altitudes across skies in a very silent manner.
The new sighting was reported just a month after another triangular UFO was spotted in California. The video, shared by conspiracy theory channel 'mavi777', shows an unidentified flying object with lights on each tip of its three-sided body, as well as one at the back that can be seen flashing frequently.
Even though rumors surrounding TR-3B have been circulating since the beginning of the Gulf War, the US Air Force has never confirmed the existence of the widely speculated secret vessel.
The increased number of triangular UFO sightings post-2017 have compelled many conspiracy theorists to believe that the US Air Force is secretly conducting a black operation in the skies. Many even believe that top Air Force officials in the US military used to visit aliens in the skies after travelling in such aircraft.
Videograb showing a Portal in the sky with a white light moving nearer to it.
(Youtube)Youtube
A video apparently shot from Midlothian, near Edinburgh, Scotland is now the hottest debating point among UFO buffs and time travel enthusiasts. The video shows a blue circular light that appears to open up in the night sky. Interestingly, a flying object goes near the alleged interdimensional portal, and soon it gets closed.
The video was originally uploaded on YouTube by a channel named 'Mothernature444'. The uploader revealed that the portal was visible in the skies until sunrise. Later, the clip was shared by conspiracy theory channel 'Secureteam10'. The video soon went viral, and it has picked up more than 1,70,000 views in just nine hours.
Tyler Glockner, the conspiracy theorist who runs Secureteam10 strongly assured that the light featured in the Scottish skies is, in fact, a portal. The conspiracy theory channel quickly clarified that the lights are not the reflection of any spotlight on the ground either.
"It really looks like something outputting a lot of light. It is definitely not a spotlight on the ground. It appears to be shrinking and shrinking until the sky completely swallows it up," said Glockner in the video.
As the video went viral, viewers soon started putting forward various theories to explain the weird sky phenomenon. Some spectators argued that the portal appeared on the skies could be meant for time travelling. Another section of viewers speculated that aliens might be using these portals to travel huge interstellar distance.
"There is something strange going on that they are trying to hide. Ever notice how most days there are clouds covering the sunset? In the early afternoon, you can see the chemtrail planes at work, come time sunset, covered by clouds. They are hiding something up there and its serious business," commented Brice Lindy, a YouTube user.
However, skeptics argue that these are all normal phenomenon. Scott Cramp, a YouTube user revealed that the light emanating in the sky might be actually from the moon hidden behind the clouds.
"As a drone pilot who shoots constantly in sunrise morning conditions, I can tell you that the "portal" is simply a parting of the thick clouds with light brimming underneath. It's not to different from when you get a sun ray, only in these conditions the sun is low in the horizon. I've captured that many times in my drone videos," commented YouTube user 2nd Earth.
Interdimensional Portals Opened Up The Sky Of Troitskaya, Russia, Jan 5, 2016
UFO entering Interdimensional Portal over Geneva SWITZERLAND - Dec 2015 !!!
REUTERSArtistieke voorstelling van het mogelijke bestaan van Planeet Negen.
MILIEUBestaat er een negende planeet, nog ver voorbij Neptunus in ons zonnestelsel? Sinds 2016 is er dat sterke vermoeden, gebaseerd op indirecte bewijzen, met name het opmerkelijke gedrag van asteroïden. Er is nu weer zo eentje opgedoken, asteroïde 2015 BP519. Het blijft wel wachten op een visuele waarneming als ultiem bewijs voor die andere wereld.
Planeet Negen, zoals de hypothetische planeet genoemd wordt, zou tien keer de aardmassa omvatten. Het bestaan ervan zou onder meer de ongewone baan van de nog niet zo lang geleden ontdekte asteroïde 2015 BP519 kunnen verklaren. Als Planeet Negen echt gespot zou worden, dan is het de eerste ontdekking van een planeet in ons zonnestelsel sinds 1930, toen Pluto in het vizier kwam. Tot 2006 was Pluto de negende planeet, naast Mercurius, Venus, Aarde, Mars, Jupiter, Saturnus, Uranus en Neptunus. Twaalf jaar geleden is Pluto geherkwalificeerd naar dwergplaneet. En vóór Pluto moeten we al teruggaan tot 1846, toen Neptunus ontdekt werd.
Asteroïde 2015 BP519 werd drie jaar geleden al gespot, op een afstand van 55 keer die tussen de Aarde en de zon. Sindsdien volgen astronomen, onder leiding van Juliette Becker van de universiteit van Michigan, BP519 op. Hun conclusie is nu dat het ruimtelijke rotsblok een zeer ongewone baan volgt. Die kan het makkelijkst verklaard worden door de zwaartekracht van een enorme planeet, tot nu toe nog ongezien.
Computersimulaties
De baan van BP519 brengt de asteroïde van 35 tot 863 keer de straal van de baan van de Aarde. Het gekke is dat de ruimterots in een hoek van 54 graden helt naar de banen van de aarde, de andere planeten en de meeste asteroïden. Als we ervan uitgaan dat BP519 gevormd is in hetzelfde vlak als de andere objecten in het zonnestelsel, dan is er voor de kanteling ervan een grote zwaartekracht nodig om BP519 in positie te hijsen. Becker en haar team deden verscheidene computersimulaties. Van zodra ze zo’n grote planeet in hun modellen staken, kon de baan van BP519 verklaard worden door de zwaartekracht.
Al sinds 2014 wordt er gedacht aan een planeet in het zonnestelsel nog verder dan Neptunus. Astronomen Chadwick Trujillo en Scott Sheppard kwamen er toen mee af. Sinds de aankondiging van een hypothetische planeet twee jaar later door Konstantin Batygin en Michael Brown van Caltech University spreken astronomen van Planeet Negen.
Superaarde
Het enige sluitende bewijs zou zijn dat de bewuste planeet ook visueel waargenomen wordt. Maar dat zou weleens heel lastig kunnen zijn, omdat ze mogelijk honderden keren verder van de zon staat dan de Aarde. Als het ooit zover is, dan zou dat echt wel spectaculair zijn. Dan wordt het bestaan bevestigd van een enorme nieuwe wereld, een superaarde, nooit eerder zo dichtbij waargenomen in ons eigen zonnestelsel. De tot nu toe ontdekte superaardes bevinden zich rond andere sterren. In ons zonnestelsel is de Aarde de grootste rotsachtige planeet.
Astronomen kunnen anderzijds ook objecten vinden die de hypothese van Planeet Negen niet staven. In dat geval zullen ze op zoek moeten gaan naar andere verklaringen voor die verre asteroïden met hun vreemde banen.
WETENSCHAP & PLANEET Een team van wetenschappers reist volgende maand naar het Schotse Loch Ness met een bijzondere missie. Het wil aan de hand van DNA-onderzoek uitvlooien wat er allemaal leeft in het grootste zoetwaterreservoir van het Verenigd Koninkrijk. En of er een wetenschappelijke basis is voor de eeuwenoude legende van het monster dat er in het water zou huizen.
Twee weken lang zullen stalen genomen worden van het water in het meer. Het genetisch materiaal daarin zal vervolgens worden geanalyseerd om te bepalen welke organismen er allemaal in Loch Ness leven. De expeditie wordt geleid door professor Neil Gemmell (51) uit Nieuw-Zeeland.
“Ik denk niet dat er een monster in het meer zit”, vertelt hij. “Maar ik sta open voor het idee dat er nog dingen te ontdekken zijn en dat er dingen zijn die nog niet ten volle worden begrepen. Misschien is er wel een biologische verklaring voor enkele van de verhalen. Zoals de bewering dat het monster eigenlijk een grote vis is, zoals een meerval of een steur.” (lees hieronder verder)
APProfessor Neil Gemmell start volgende maand met zijn onderzoek..
De stalen zullen opgestuurd worden naar laboratoria in Australië, Denemarken, Frankrijk en Nieuw-Zeeland en onderzocht aan de hand van een genetische database. “Het staat buiten kijf dat er nieuwigheden gevonden zullen worden en dat is erg opwindend”, aldus Gemmell. “Hoewel het leuke van ons project het zoeken is naar bewijs voor het bestaan van een monster, zullen we een enorme hoeveelheid nieuwe kennis verwerven over de organismen die in Loch Ness wonen.”
Er werkt ook een lokale expert mee aan het onderzoek. Adrian Shine van het Loch Ness Project verklaarde de aanhoudende interesse voor het monster eerder al als “een poging van de mens om in een krimpende wereld op zoek te gaan naar iets dat groter is dan hemzelf, iets angstaanjagends, iets mysterieus of iets dat in het verborgene leeft.” (lees hieronder verder)
RV
De bekende schimmige foto van het monster van Loch Ness
REUTERS
Adrian Shine van het Loch Ness Project.
De oudste (bekende) waarneming van een monster gaat terug tot het jaar 564 en werd beschreven in Life of St. Columba van Adomnán. Een missionaris zou op missie om mensen te bekeren tot het christendom langs een begrafenis gekomen zijn bij de rivier Ness. Volgens de omstaanders was de overledene gedood door een ‘waterbeest’. Daarop stuurde Columba zijn assistent het water in en die werd meteen aangevallen. Met een kruis en gebeden kon de heilige het monster echter terugsturen naar de diepten waar het vandaan kwam.
De daaropvolgende eeuwen bleven getuigenissen van waarnemingen opduiken, iets wat het plaatselijke toerisme geen windeieren legde. De ontwikkeling van de fotografie gaf de legende een nieuwe adem en in 1933 en 1934 haalden wazige foto’s van het monster zelfs de voorpagina’s van nationale kranten in het Verenigd Koninkrijk.
Opwinding
In 2016 was er nog flink wat opwinding nadat Nessie-jagers met een robotscanner iets gevonden hadden op de bodem van het meer. De vorm leek verdacht veel op het traditionele beeld dat we hebben van het monster. Dat bleek geen toeval: het ging om een gezonken decorstuk van een film uit de jaren zeventig: The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes. (lees hieronder verder)
REUTERS
De robotscanner die in 2016 een vreemde vorm vond op de bodem van Loch Ness.
Konsberg Maritimes
Tot nog toe werd er echter nog geen enkel hard bewijs gevonden voor het bestaan van het monster. “Ik veronderstel dat we er ook geen sporen van zullen vinden”, aldus professor Gemmell. “Maar ik wil de hypothese graag testen. Het zal ons sowieso een mooi overzicht geven van de biodiversiteit in het meer.”
WEERNIEUWS De speciale wolk die gisteravond heel wat monden deed openvallen in de provincie Antwerpen was een ‘divergent eddy’ of een ‘afwijkende dwarrelwind’. Dat zegt VTM-weervrouw Jill Peeters.
Gisteren moest de weervrouw het antwoord op de naam van de fascinerende wolkenformatie schuldig blijven. “Maar ik was er wel van in de wolken!”, lachte ze. Vandaag laat ze weten dat het om een divergent eddy gaat. Maar wat is dat juist?
“Het is lucht die op grotere hoogte allemaal samenkomt en dan naar beneden stroomt”, legt Jill Peeters uit. “Dat is een heel langzaam proces, waardoor je eigenlijk bedrogen wordt als je ernaar kijkt, want je ziet het amper bewegen.” De gigantische krul in de lucht deed een beetje denken aan het oog van een orkaan. Dat was het dus zeker niet. De wolk werd onder meer opgemerkt Zoersel en Putte.
Soms kost omhoog kijken geen enkele moeite en krijgen we er zoveel voor terug. Deze prachtige #weerfoto werd vanavond gemaakt in #Schoten#België. Bedankt Tim Roelans om te delen met ons! #cloudporn
Ga ik wandelen -zonder gsm - zie ik de hele tijd een onbeweeglijke, gigantische #krul in de wolken Gelukkig namen jullie er foto’s van, zoals in #Zoersel en #Antwerpen. Wie nog?! Foto @lieselotboens#indewolken
Dit weerfenomeen is zo speciaal dat zelfs weervrouw Jill Peeters niet weet of er wel een naam voor...
Inwoners van het noorden van Antwerpen konden aan de hemel een prachtig schouwspel gadeslaan. Een fascinerende wolkenformatie baarde deze avond opzien in onder meer Schilde en Zoersel.
Is ET trying to phone or fly home? Scientists tend to think not, but they are hoping to find out more about extremely powerful and bright radio signals in outer space.
Key points:
Search for aliens detects extremely powerful and bright radio signal
Astronomical community abuzz after discovering more mysterious blips
Scientists say extra terrestrial life theory must be considered as "a last resort"
The Breakthrough Listen project discovered what is called a Fast Radio Burst while scanning the skies from Australia as part of the biggest search for extra terrestrial life in the Milky Way and nearby stars.
Breakthrough Listen scientist Danny Price said it was exciting when the burst from billions of light years away was picked up, but it was unlikely aliens were behind it.
"There are lots of theories out there, there are some theories that they are from extra terrestrial propulsion systems; these theories you have to go to as a last resort," Mr Price said.
He said astrophysical events had to be ruled out first.
It is not the first burst to be detected, with the CSIRO Parkes Radio Telescope picking up the first one in 2001.
The bursts last for about a millisecond, and sound like an ambulance driving past when picked up by special receivers.
Some believe the powerful burst could be a cataclysmic event, similar to a blackhole or star exploding.
While it is not as Earth-shattering as finding signs of an intelligent alien civilisation, it has still created a buzz in the astronomical community.
"We're in on the very ground floor where a new field of radio astronomy research is opening up for us for the first time and are able to perhaps identify something new, something that we haven't observed before and that is really exciting," CSIRO scientist John Sarkissian said.
While about two dozen of the signals have been picked up in almost as many years at the Dish, there is optimism Australia will continue to help lead the way in astronomical discoveries.
"What would have taken 10 million years, now only takes one year for us to survey so it is really fantastic how quickly technology has progressed," Mr Price said.
As for finding other intelligent civilisations, we will have to wait.
"The search will never really end until we find something because we keep on getting so much better," Mr Price said.
Mysterieus radiosignaal opgevangen tijdens grootste zoektocht ooit naar aliens. Dit zeggen wetenschappers erover
Mysterieus radiosignaal opgevangen tijdens grootste zoektocht ooit naar aliens. Dit zeggen wetenschappers erover
Extreem krachtige en heldere radiosignalen uit de ruimte blijven de gemoederen bezighouden. Het Breakthrough Listen-project heeft tijdens de grootste zoektocht naar buitenaards leven in de Melkweg een snelle radioflits ontdekt.
Volgens sommige theorieën zijn dergelijke flitsen afkomstig van buitenaardse aandrijfsystemen, maar die zijn het minst waarschijnlijk, zei wetenschapper Danny Price.
Hij zei dat astrofysische gebeurtenissen eerst moeten worden uitgesloten.
Ambulance
Al sinds 2001 worden met behulp van de Parkes-radiotelescoop in Australië van deze vreemde signalen opgevangen.
Ze duren ongeveer een milliseconde en klinken als ze worden opgevangen als een ambulance die voorbij raast.
Sommigen denken dat de krachtige flitsen verband houden met zwarte gaten of exploderende sterren.
Erg spannend
“We zien binnen de radioastronomie een nieuw onderzoeksveld ontstaan en kunnen mogelijk iets nieuws gaan ontdekken, iets wat we nog nooit eerder hebben waargenomen, en dat is erg spannend,” zei wetenschapper John Sarkissian.
In de afgelopen twee decennia zijn ruim 20 van deze signalen opgevangen door de telescoop.
Ondertussen blijft de zoektocht naar andere intelligente beschavingen doorgaan.
Op de foto is het zuidelijke sterrenbeeld Centaur te zien. Er zijn meer dan 200.000 sterren te spotten.
We zien hier o.a. de rand van de Kolenzaknevel (rechtsboven) en de heldere ster Beta Centauri (linksonder). Uiteindelijk zal TESS een gebied in de gaten houden dat meer dan 400 keer groter is dan het gebied op deze foto. Het kiekje is gemaakt door één van de vier TESS-camera’s. De camera gebruikte een belichtingstijd van twee seconden.
Scheervlucht langs de maan NASA’s volgende planetenjager TESS vloog voor het weekend op een afstand van 8.000 kilometer van de maan. Op 30 mei voert het ruimtevaartuig een laatste koerscorrectie uit. Dan zal TESS zich nestelen in een hoge elliptische baan om de aarde. Iedere 13,7 dagen legt de satelliet een rondje om onze planeet af.
De tweede foto In juni maakt TESS een tweede foto, die een nog betere kwaliteit heeft. Als de kalibraties eenmaal voltooid zijn, gaat de Amerikaanse sonde beginnen met het echte werk. Naar verwachting is dit op z’n vroegst midden juni.
Wat gaat TESS doen? Het is de bedoeling dat TESS de komende twee jaar zeker 500.000 nabije sterren gaat bestuderen. NASA hoopt zeker 3000 kandidaat-planeten te vinden, waaronder ongeveer 500 planeten die net zo groot zijn als de aarde en superaardes (straal kleiner dan twee keer de straal van de aarde).
Voor het eerst een interstellaire planetoïde ontdekt die zich in ons zonnestelsel thuis voelt 22 mei 2018Caroline Kraaijvanger13 De planetoïde is er al 4,5 miljard jaar en is niet meer van plan om weg te gaan. Vorig jaar ontdekten onderzoekers de alleree
Voor het eerst een interstellaire planetoïde ontdekt die zich in ons zonnestelsel thuis voelt
Caroline Kraaijvanger
De planetoïde is er al 4,5 miljard jaar en is niet meer van plan om weg te gaan.
Vorig jaar ontdekten onderzoekers de allereerste interstellaire planetoïde: ‘Oumuamua. En nu is opnieuw een interstellaire migrant ontdekt: planetoïde (514107) 2015 BZ509. In tegenstelling tot ‘Oumuamua – die op doortocht is en zich uit ons zonnestelsel haast – heeft 2015 BZ509 zich echter in ons zonnestelsel gevestigd. Dat schrijven onderzoekers in het blad Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. Ze baseren zich onder meer op simulaties.
Retrograde omloopbaan De planetoïde (514107) 2015 BZ509 is een vreemde eend in de bijt. Observaties wijzen uit dat de ruimtesteen er een retrograde omloopbaan op na houdt. Dat betekent dat deze – ten opzichte van alle planeten en de meeste andere objecten in ons zonnestelsel – in tegenovergestelde richting rond de zon cirkelt. En dat is vreemd. “Hoe de planetoïde op deze manier kan bewegen terwijl deze de baan van Jupiter deelt, was tot voor kort een mysterie,” zo stelt onderzoeker Fathi Namouni. “Als 2015 BZ509 in ons zonnestelsel geboren zou zijn, zou deze in dezelfde richting moeten bewegen als alle andere planeten en planetoïden.” Al die planeten en planetoïden zijn namelijk voortgekomen uit een gas- en stofschijf die miljarden jaren geleden rond de jonge zon cirkelde en dus de draairichting van de objecten die deze genereerde, bepaalde.
Simulaties In een poging de retrograde baan van (514107) 2015 BZ509 te verklaren, voerden de onderzoekers simulaties uit. Ze simuleerden de locatie die de planetoïde door de tijd heen, had. Daarbij gingen ze terug tot zo’n 4,5 miljard jaar geleden: de periode waarin de planeten die ons zonnestelsel rijk is, net ‘af’ waren. En de simulaties tonen aan dat (514107) 2015 BZ509 in die tijd al in tegenovergestelde richting rond de zon cirkelde. Het kan maar één ding betekenen: de planetoïde is niet voortgekomen uit de gas en stofschijf rond de zon.
Hier zie je de stellaire kraamkamer NGC 604. In een vergelijkbare omgeving werd onze zon geboren. Sterren zitten er dicht op elkaar gepakt, waardoor ze onder meer planetoïden kunnen uitwisselen.
Afbeelding: NASA / Hubble Heritage Team (AURA / STScI).
Gestolen De onderzoekers vermoeden dat (514107) 2015 BZ509 eigenlijk in een ander systeem thuishoorde, maar door onze zon is ‘gestolen’. “Immigratie van planetoïden uit andere stersystemen vond plaats doordat de zon geboren werd in een dichtbevolkt stercluster, waar elke ster zijn eigen uit planeten en planetoïden bestaand systeem had,” aldus onderzoeker Helena Morais. “Het feit dat de sterren dicht bij elkaar stonden, zorgde er – geholpen door de zwaartekracht van de planeten – voor dat deze systemen elkaar aantrokken en planetoïden van elkaar afnamen en invingen.”
En nu hebben we dus voor het eerst zo’n van een andere stersysteem gestolen planetoïde ontdekt. Het is een waardevolle ontdekking, want (514107) 2015 BZ509 is getuige geweest van de kinderjaren van ons zonnestelsel en kan meer inzicht geven in de omstandigheden waaronder ons zonnestelsel is ontstaan. Bovendien sluiten de onderzoekers niet uit dat immigranten zoals (514107) 2015 BZ509 een cruciale rol hebben gespeeld in de evolutie van het zonnestelsel en uiteindelijk zelfs een bijdrage hebben geleverd aan het ontstaan van leven. “Aangezien elk stersysteem een onderscheidende chemische samenstelling heeft, kunnen immigrerende planetoïden zoals (514107) 2015 BZ509 ons zonnestelsel verrijkt hebben met elementen die hier van nature niet voorkwamen,” aldus Morais. “Op die manier kunnen ze hebben bijgedragen aan het ontstaan van leven op aarde.”
Dark Futures: Does Humanity Really Need a Backup Earth?
Dark Futures: Does Humanity Really Need a Backup Earth?
By Elizabeth Howell, Space.com Contributor
If things went south on Earth, could Mars or an exoplanet be Earth 2.0?
Credit: T. Pyle/NASA/JPL-Caltech
SpaceX CEO Elon Musk has a vision: He wants to get humans to Mars as soon as possible. He already wowed the world this year, when the Falcon Heavy launched and flung a Tesla car toward the asteroid belt. And this heavy-lift rocket will be dwarfed by the boosters Musk plans for Mars exploration, which he says will carry colonists in fleets of ships to the Red Planet.
While getting to Mars is an end in itself, there's another compelling reason to go. Science fiction is full of dystopian futures for Earth if humanity remains limited to this planet. There are the asteroid strikes of the "Deep Impact" and "Armageddon" films, the robot wars of the "Battlestar Galactica" TV series and "Terminator" film franchise, the medical problems and overpopulation in the "Children of Men" and "Elysium" movies, and many other disasters natural and artificial. Dark futures and colonizing other planets will be covered in "AMC Visionaries: James Cameron's Story of Science Fiction," which runs its fourth episode tonight (May 21).
Science fiction inspired the first rocket pioneers to explore beyond Earth. Robert Goddard, who pushed forward liquid rocketry in the early 1900s, was clearly a fan of the genre, because he wrote some science fiction himself, according to io9. The Apollo moon rockets of the 1960s and 1970s were designed by Wernher von Braun, who enjoyed science fiction as a child and partnered with Disney in the 1950s to create educational films about spaceflight. [Gallery: Visions of Interstellar Starship Travel]
And a quick glance around the solar system shows us one real-life reason scientists — and indeed, all of us — should take a page from science fiction and be concerned about Earth's future. The moon, Mars and many of the "airless" moons around the neighborhood are littered with craters. These came from space rocks and other small worlds that slammed into the moon's and planet's surfaces over billions of years.
Lest you imagine that Earth is immune because of its thick atmosphere, think of the dinosaurs, felled about 66 million years ago when a large asteroid or comet around 10 to 15 kilometers (6.2 to 9.3 miles) in diameter slammed into the Earth. We also just passed the five-year anniversary of Chelyabinsk, when a 17-meter (56 feet) small body exploded over a town in Russia, causing many injuries and property damage from shattered glass.
NASA does have an active asteroid-search program and some plans for dealing with asteroids menacing Earth, but even preparing for those intruders isn't enough; there's another, bigger inevitable threat to our planet. In about 4 billion years or 5 billion years, the sun will swell into a red giant after it consumes all of its hydrogen and begins fusing helium. As the star expands, it will swallow up Mercury and Venus and get close to Earth. Our planet will be roasted to a crisp, thrown out of its orbit or swallowed altogether. In any of these scenarios, that's bad news for humans and life on Earth in general.
Legendary director James Cameron talks the dark futures of science fiction with director Christopher Nolan in the fourth episode of AMC Visionaries: James Cameron's Story of Science Fiction, which airs May 21, 2019.
Credit: AMC
Get your a— to Mars
One popular destination for escaping Earth in science fiction is Mars. At first, this was because people thought other beings like us may live there. In 1877, Italian astronomer Giovanni Schiaparelli reported observing channels on Mars, but stopped short of saying whether they were natural or artificial. U.S. science popularizer Percival Lowell, however, went much further in the early 1900s, coming up with explanations as to why the channels were there. Perhaps the Martians were trying to drain water to support a dying planet, Lowell said. (The channels, or canals, were later explained as telescope artifacts when robotic missions to Mars showed the formations don't exist.)
This turn-of-the-century musing greatly influenced science fiction of the era. There was the famous "War of the Worlds" novel by H.G. Wells in 1898, which portrayed a Martian invasion of Earth. (It was recapped in a 1938 national radio broadcast, as well as a 2005 film starring Tom Cruise.) Also, Edgar Rice Burroughs published "A Princess of Mars" in 1912, kicking off a series about Mars (which he called Barsoom) full of living beings. (The widely panned 2012 movie "John Carter" was based on some of these stories.) [Film Review: 'War of the Worlds' Update Hits Home]
Robert Zubrin, founder of the human exploration advocacy group The Mars Society, told Space.com that Mars will someday be an inhabited planet as science fiction writers envisioned. As only two examples of many showing that future, there's the 2015 Matt Damon movie "The Martian" or the 1990 Arnold Schwarzenegger film "Total Recall," which included the famous line, "Get your a— to Mars."
But why does science fiction make exploration look so much easier than we find in real life? Zubrin said, in part, it's because of our mindset.
"Here we are, 500 years or so after [Nicolaus] Copernicus [who said Earth orbits the sun], and most people still talk about the Earth as the world, and there's a thing above us called the sky. Most people still have this geocentric viewpoint," Zubrin told Space.com, pointing out that Earth is in space and we rarely think about that fact in our everyday lives.
Zubrin said our approach of going to Mars via low Earth orbit and the moon is incremental. This approach to space exploration, he said, is similar to telling Lewis and Clark to just go 100 miles (160 kilometers) out beyond the Mississippi River and to wait for the next group of explorers to move farther west.
"If someone asks you why space is so important, it's comparative to somebody in a small village somewhere saying, 'Why is the rest of the world important?' which is sort of an absurd question," Zubrin said. So, he advocates going elsewhere in search of resources, knowledge or a safe haven that we couldn't find on Earth. Interstellar travel would be the ultimate dream, Zubrin said, but in the meantime, we should focus on what we have at hand: Mars, which is close enough to visit using today's technology.
"The most important step is deciding that you want to do it. This is really the dramatic step that Elon Musk is taking," Zubrin said. "There are people at NASA who want to do it, but as an institution, it has been dragging its feet and providing every excuse to the political class not to embrace the challenge."
Moving to Mars — or beyond?
Zubrin's plan (which he outlined in a 1991 paper called "Mars Direct," and which he has expanded on greatly since then) advocates for a direct flight to Mars, with minimal or no on-orbit assembly of the spacecraft. Using current propulsion systems, a spacecraft could get to the Red Planet in six months — the standard rotation astronauts spend on the International Space Station, Zubrin pointed out.
The first missions would bring most of the supplies those travelers would need to live, such as food and water. But the early trips could also bring along architecture so later missions could do more "living off the land," such as greenhouses or habitats. (The first Mars voyagers may eat more meat brought with them, while future generations would be more vegetarian due to the resources on hand, Zubrin said.) He said the habitats of the Mars Society's Mars Desert Research Station and Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station are designed to preview what real Red Planet homes could look like.
The return vehicle would include propellant made from Martian carbon dioxide and water, specifically to generate the fuels methane and oxygen. Zubrin said it's the cheapest propellant combination, with only a hydrogen-oxygen mix providing better exhaust velocity.
But there's a big problem with Mars — it's not very much like Earth. Sure, people could conceivable live on it with technology to manage the risks. Its day is similar in length to Earth's day, too. But the planet has only one-third of Earth's gravity. Martian air isn't breathable. Water, if it exists at all on the surface, would be in scarce quantities. Conditions are even worse on the moon, which has one-sixth Earth's gravity, a longer day-night cycle than our home planet and no air whatsoever.
"They're not places that we are necessarily going to colonize in large numbers," Roger Launius, a retired curator from the Smithsonian Institution's National Air and Space Museum, told Space.com. He predicted that by the end of the century, there may be research stations at the moon or Mars, similar to what exists now in Antarctica.
But to really find another home for humanity, we'll have to follow the lead of "Battlestar Galactica" and search for another Earth. Because, otherwise, children are going to be born in lunar or Martian environments that have a lesser gravity than Earth. How this will affect their development when humans are built for Earth is an unknown, Launius said.
But quickly getting to other stars, where second Earths may exist, will be slow unless we figure out a method for faster-than-light speed, or a way to sustain a spacecraft over multiple generations, Launius said. Another possibility is to extend astronaut life spans through hibernation (as done in the movies "Alien" and "Avatar") or by becoming a sort of "Star Trek"-like Borg that would integrate robotics into the human body to extend lives.
The video was captured above the French overseas port town of Saint-Pierre in Reunion Island on May 14, as a group of friends took a walk on the beach.
They noticed something bizarre in the sky and began to film.
The clip shows what appears to be a triangular craft hovering above the water before taking off into the distance.
It was later submitted to MUFON – an American-based non-profit organisation that investigates cases of alleged UFO sightings – where the witness explained how the event unfolded.
MUFON
IZARRE: Could this be a spy plane?
“Three lights appeared – two white and one red with a strong intensity in the form of a triangle”
Eyewitness
The post read: "Every night we admire the view of the coast which is very visible from where we live.
"But tonight three lights appeared – two white and one red with a strong intensity in the form of a triangle.
"Having never seen this on the area I took my camera to take photos and film.
"The object remained on the spot for about four minutes and began to move in a straight line at a fairly high speed at low altitude."
The video was later uploaded to popular YouTube conspiracy channel The Hidden Underbelly, where viewers gave their own opinions on what was captured.
One comment read: "I've seen this triangle-shaped UFO before."
Before another speculated: "That is definitely the TR-3B."
The TR-3 Black Manta is the name of a surveillance aircraft of the United States Air Force, speculated to be developed under a black project.
It is said to be a supersonic stealth spy plane with a flying wing design.
Believers in the theory say it was used during the Gulf War to provide laser designation for Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk bombers.
And it is not the first time it has reportedly been spotted.
Is this PROOF of alien testing at Area 51? Frenzy as 'UFO spotted' near secret facility
Is this PROOF of alien testing at Area 51? Frenzy as 'UFO spotted' near secret facility
BIZARRE footage has emerged that proves the United States Air Force is testing alien activity at their top-secret Area 51 base, according to wild claims online.
The video, which was captured during the night on May 4, shows the UFO hovering above a mountain range in the Nevada desert.
Steven Baron captured the event from his garden in Las Vegas and was left puzzled by what unfolded.
The clip shows a glowing article moving across the sky, appearing to pulsate and then disappear completely.
It is believed the scope in which the subject is moving could be somewhere on the grounds of Area 51.
UFOS OVER VEGAS
UFO? The bizarre object is yet to be identified
“Behind those mountains lies Area 51 and there have been a ton of these sightings recently”
YouTube viewer
It was later uploaded to Steven's YouTube channel UFOs over Vegas, where it has gained 1,000 hits so far.
And viewers are convinced it is proof that the US government is testing alien technology at the Homey Airport facility.
One comment read: "Behind those mountains lies Area 51 and there have been a ton of these sightings recently."
And another added: "When you see such light in real life, it's astounding. You know you're in the presence of something non-terrestrial, something magical, to us."
And a third simply stated: "You should go out there and camp by Area 51 to get a better look."
Conspiracists have long linked the USAF's highly classified Edwards Air Force base as being a UFO testing zone.
Some believe it is used for the storage examination and reverse engineering of crashed alien spacecraft.
While others believe the government is developing and testing the use of exotic energy weapons and weather control technology.
In January 2017, alien chasers claimed a new video appeared to show a burst into a ball of light after “leaving a volcano” while in 2016, there were numerous other stories on UFOs flying over active volcanos.
UFO hunters are convinced that witness accounts of bright, pulsating light, caught around the active volcanos is evidence their activity is within the nature of Earth.
Writing in Livingist.com, an author said: “When a medium volcano erupts it releases around 27 megatons of thermal energy. That’s a lot. Could it be that these mysterious crafts have found a way to reap the energy that is released during these events?”
ENERGY: UFO hunters have a new theory about aliens crafts spotted around volcanos
“ Could it be that these mysterious crafts have found a way to reap the energy”
Livingist.com
Other UFO bloggers such as Scott C Waring, who runs ufosightingsdaily.com made wild claims about alien monitoring seismic activity, or even triggering volcanic eruptions and earthquakes.
Mr Waring said of an alleged UFO sighting by the erupting Colima volcano in Mexico: “The UFO is long, and cigar-shaped much like many of the past UFOs seen around Mexican volcanoes on live cams.
“The UFO could not leave from the mouth since there was an eruption, so they took a side path.”
But, UFO expert Nigel Watson, author of the UFO Investigations Manual, told Express.co.uk there was a more scientific explanation.
He said: “In Canada, Michael Persinger and Gyslaine Lafrenière made a statistical study of the correlation between UFO sightings and seismic-related locations.
“Their book Space-Time Transients and Unusual Events put forward the evidence suggesting that tectonic strains in the Earth’s crust produce enough energy to produce columns of electrical energy and glowing balls of light in the atmosphere.
“This Tectonic Strain Theory explains why UFOs appear at window areas or certain hot spots.
“Michael Persinger, has gone on to consider and experiment with the possibility that the EM fields of these type of UFOs can trigger hallucinations or trance states in people who get to near to them.
“This would explain the many stories of ‘alien’ abductions and other strange encounters that are experienced after a witness has seen a light in the sky.”
Designers have drawn up plans for a luxurious, space-aged superyacht - based on the famous Roswell UFO.
The concept craft is inspired by the supposed discovery of a crashed alien spacecraft at a ranch near the New Mexico town in 1947.
Mysterious pieces of silver debris were reportedly found at the scene and the superyacht's Monaco-based designer George Lucian says he wants his 'My Roswell' vessel to feature similar colours and material.
The UFO theme does not stop there with Lucian planning on making the ship as elusive as possible on the high seas.
Sharp angles and a reflective hull surface have been included to intentionally minimise radar detection while it will cruise in near silence with fully electric running capability.
Lucian said he wanted to create 'an iconic worldwide recognisable yacht inspired from the future' - complete with a helicopter deck, swimming pool and enough space for 12 guests and 12 crew.
Designers have drawn up plans for a luxurious, space-aged superyacht (pictured) - based on the famous Roswell UFO
The concept craft is inspired by the supposed discovery of a crashed alien spacecraft at a ranch near the New Mexico town in 1947
Monaco-based designer George Lucian says the 'shape, colour and texture' of the vessel are similar to the materials found at the scene
With its sharp angles and reflective hull surface, the shape of the superyacht is also partly inspired by radar-dodging military stealth planes
The result is a jaw-dropping vessel which he says is inspired by the UFO saga in America more than 70 years ago. The US military have said the item was a nuclear test surveillance balloon, however conspiracies still abound about the otherworldly source of the object.
The entirely aluminium 213ft yacht is designed to have full electric running capabilities, supported by two diesel electric engines and large electric panels that cover the numerous horizontal surfaces of the superstructure of the vessel.
Lucian said: 'The shape, colour and texture of the material covering the yacht are similar to the materials found at the Roswell Incedent UFO crash.'
The designer made waves in 2017 with the bold 'Dare To Dream' superyacht concept, which saw a 330ft airship tethered to the vessel.
Lucian said he wanted to create 'an iconic worldwide recognisable yacht inspired from the future' - complete with a helicopter deck, swimming pool and enough space for 12 guests and 12 crew
The entirely aluminium 213ft yacht is designed to have full electric running capabilities, supported by two diesel electric engines and large electric panels that cover the numerous horizontal surfaces of the superstructure of the vessel
The 213ft superyacht will be capable of carrying 12 crew and 12 guests and will also feature a helicopter deck and swimming pool
His new concept is equally as eye-catching. He said: 'Unlike its radar footprint, its presence in any harbour will for sure be anything else but discrete.
'On the bow side of the main deck you can find a large outdoor covered living area, including a beam length swimming pool, a lounge and a dining area.
'This shall be the main living area of the yacht, being connected to the main salon and the stern deck with large glass doors and walls, giving the sensation of a huge open loft like space.
'The bridge deck is located on the upper deck, together with a helicopter platform, and a sky lounge. The yacht can welcome onboard 12 guests together with 12 crew members.'
Could radiation readings be key to understanding Rendlesham UFO’s?
Could radiation readings be key to understanding Rendlesham UFO’s?
Katy Sandalls
Gary Baker and Colonel Charles I. Halt walk the UFO trail in Rendlesham Forest.
Picture: TOM POTTER
Radiation readings taken around the former RAF Woodbridge site could hint to UFO activity in the 1980s according to one scientist.
Rendlesham Forest.
Picture: TOM POTTER
Tim Acheson, measured the levels of radiation at locations around the site to see if they varied from other areas of the forest.
“There has been much debate about radiation readings from the 80s,” said Mr Acheson.
He found that there were a number of radiation ‘hot spots’ at locations linked to the extra terrestrial sightings back in December 1980.
“As a scientist, I find all the debate without scientific evidence incredibly frustrating. I couldn’t believe nobody has taken the time to do a thorough scientific study to settle the issue one way or another,so I took matters into my own hands.”
For Mr Acheson the biggest question posed by these radiation readings is do the readings show the presence of UFO’s or were the UFO’s attracted by the high radiation levels?
“We can’t qualify it,” said Mr Acheson, “but there is definitely a relationship.”
Nick Pope was the Ministry of Defence’s UFO desk officer between 1991 and 1994 and led a review into the Rendlesham case.
“This is a highly impressive and significant piece of work. The levels of radioactivity in Rendlesham Forest are an important piece of physical evidence, and a better understanding of this aspect of the story may prove critical when it comes to resolving the question of what took place back in 1980.
“In the original Ministry of Defence investigation, the Defence Intelligence Staff assessed the levels of radioactivity documented in Lieutenant Colonel Halt’s official report as being “significantly higher than the average background”.
“This new radiation survey gives us considerably more data and is the sort of serious research and investigation that I wish more people in the UFO community, be they sceptics or believers, would undertake.”
An MOD spokesperson said: “All our historic files which refer to UFOs, including Rendlesham Forest, have either been released, or are in the process of being released to The National Archives. The MOD continues to have no opinion on the existence, or otherwise, of extra-terrestrial life and does not investigate reported unidentified flying object sightings.”
The video, captured at 2pm on Tuesday, in Vero Beach, Florida, shows a UFO among the clouds above.
It appears to be travelling in the opposite direction, as an onlooker attempts to get a closer view.
And witnesses are convinced it is proof that the object is using some sort of camouflaging technology.
SUNNY3
STAR TREK? Could something huge just have been uncovered?
“It's a Klingon battle cruiser”
YouTube viewer
A statement read: "It went into the cloud and I couldn’t see it, I realised after that it might have been something and I should have stayed focused on it."
The video was posted on YouTube channel Sunny3 on May 13 and has already racked up more than 1,000 hits.
And viewers were left speculating what it could be.
One commenter revealed: "I see them every day and night in Floria."
Another added: "This is seriously strange."
And a third even claimed: "It's a Klingon battle cruiser," referring to the spacecraft seen in science fiction show Star Trek.
It is not the first claim alien life is here on Earth, though.
On Tuesday, conspiracy theorists were sent into meltdown after spotting what they believed to be a craft taking off from Area 51.
Representational Image of cave painting in India dated from 1500-2000 BC found in Bhimbetka, a UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
(Creative Commons)Raveesh Vyas
India, the land of a gloriously rich tradition might be once the hottest hub of aliens and extraterrestrial beings. Many historians and archeologists in India believe that cavemen who lived in the pre-historic age have painted pictures of aliens and UFOs in rocks at Charama, Chhattisgarh.
Did aliens visit India in the past?
These rock paintings discovered in Charama depicts alien-like figures wearing suits very similar to modern space suits. The drawings also feature flying saucers, each with a fan-like antenna and three legs. It should be noted that these drawings were apparently drawn before 10,000 years, an era in which space travel was not even in the distant dream of human beings.
Top archaeologists who investigated the site reveal that these paintings were made in natural colors, and they have hardly faded despite the long years. In some of the pictures, the alien-like figures are seen carrying some sort of weapons.
Interestingly, people in nearby villages of Charama have the tradition of worshipping small 'Rohela' people who used to land from the sky in round shaped flying saucers.
Archeologists in India believe that people in pre-historic ages might have seen aliens either in real life or in imagination, and this might have made them draw such figures on rocks.
Other sightings of UFO in modern India
following me ( peter2011) it's only a drone
Apart from this UFO evidence from the pre-historic age, it was on March 15, 1951, that an authentic flying object sighting was reported in India. The incident happened in New Delhi when 25 members of a flying club witnessed a cigar-shaped flying object hovering in the sky. The object was apparently hundred feet long, and after a few moments, it vanished into thin air.
Another interesting UFO sighting reportedly happened in 2013 as residents of Mogappiar, Chennai observed five packs of bright orange lights moving across the skies.
Apart from these sightings, people who live in the Northern parts of India, especially in Ladakh, and Arunachal Pradesh borders have several times claimed that they have seen UFOs.
Similar drawings in other parts of the world
Apart from the drawings discovered in India, there are various other similar paintings found in other nooks of the globe. Archeologists have previously discovered drawings of alien-like figures at Legends Rock in Wyoming. This site has more than 250 petroglyphs and it clearly indicates that humans in the ancient ages were in touch with extraterrestrial beings.
Another mysterious painting discovered in Cayuse Creek in Idaho shows a humanoid figure inside a UFO which resembles flying saucers which we have seen in Hollywood sci-fi flicks. Interestingly, the space vehicle featured in this image is seen emitting trails of smoke behind it.
Many people who live in these areas believe that 'Star Men' used to visit humans many generations ago, and these extraterrestrial beings had brought spiritual teachings to our planet.
Alien looking eggs that spew out lava have been spotted in Hawaii after the volcanic eruption.
The strange egg-shaped mounds look as though they have come straight out of a science fiction movie but are the result of the lava that is still coming out of the huge volcano.
Photographer Took Time to Capture Photos of Strange Alien-like Lava Eggs
Lava can be seen at the top of the egg (Caters)
The Kilauea volcano on the Big Island of Hawaii is doing it's worse after it erupted earlier on in the week. Locals in the region have been left having to deal with the fallout from the volcano, but one photographer took time out to capture the unique looking alien lava eggs that have been forming around the island.
Emissions from the volcano are slowing down, but there are some big movements from the volcano that have continued happening. One of them was measured as being an earthquake of 4.4 magnitudes. Ash plumes were seen rising high up into the air, and it was said they reached around 12,000 feet. One person said that it warmed the heart to see the true spirit of the people of Aloha during the eruption and aftershocks. They went on to say that, the relief effort has been something of a community one.
Ant Nebula Blasts Lasers, Suggesting Hidden Double-Star System
Ant Nebula Blasts Lasers, Suggesting Hidden Double-Star System
By Samantha Mathewson, Space.com Contributor
The Ant Nebula releases a rare type of laser emission, suggesting that the nebula's core houses two stars rather than one.
Credit: NASA/ESA/Hubble Heritage Team (STScL/AURA)
Unusual laser emissions beaming from the Ant Nebula suggest that it is home to a hidden double-star system and that one of the companion stars is nearing the end of its life.
When stars similar to our sun start to die, they become dense white dwarf stars and then expel their outer layers to form an interstellar cloud of gas and dust known as a planetary nebula. Any lingering gas close to the center would soon fall back onto the star, leaving the surrounding area empty. However, that is not what has been observed around the Ant Nebula, according to a statement from the European Space Agency (ESA).
"When we observe Menzel 3, we see an amazingly intricate structure made up of ionized gas, but we cannot see the object in its center producing this pattern," Isabel Aleman, lead author of a new study detailing the observations and a researcher at the University of Sao Paulo, in Brazil, and the Leiden Observatory, in the Netherlands,said in the statement. "Thanks to the sensitivity and wide wavelength range of the Herschel observatory, we detected a very rare type of emission called hydrogen recombination line laser emission, which provided a way to reveal the nebula's structure and physical conditions."
This image shows possible evolutionary pathways for stars of different masses. Sunlike stars can be seen swelling into red giants before releasing their outer gas, creating colorful nebulas around a collapsed core called a white dwarf.
Credit: ESA
Specifically, the new observations show that the density of the laser-emitting gas surrounding the Ant Nebula is 10,000 times higher than that of the gas seen in typical planetary nebulas. This finding suggests that the Ant Nebula is actually home to two stars, since a companion star would help capture the dense gas ejected from the dying white dwarf star, according to the statement.
"The only way to keep gas close to the star is if it is orbiting around it in a disc," study co-author Albert Zijlstra, an astrophysicist at The University of Manchester in the U.K., said in the statement. "In this case, we have actually observed a dense disc in the very center that is seen approximately edge-on. This orientation helps to amplify the laser signal. The disc suggests the white dwarf has a binary companion, because it is hard to get the ejected gas to go into orbit unless a companion star deflects it in the right direction."
Although the researchers have not yet directly detected the companion star, their observations and models support the presence of a pair of stars, and mass from the dying companion star may be ejected and then captured by the nebula's central white dwarf, helping to create the disk, according to the statement.
"We used Herschel to characterize various components of gas and dust in nebula[s] around old stars, but we were not necessarily looking for a laser phenomenon," co-author Toshiya Ueta, principal investigator of the Herschel Planetary Nebula Survey project, said in the statement. "Such emission has only been identified in a handful of objects before; this was a remarkable discovery that we did not anticipate. There is certainly more to stellar nebulae than meets the eye!"
Therefore, their findings, published May 16 in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, will help astronomers refine current models of stellar evolution, the researchers said.
NASA’s Lost Satellite Just Made Its First Contact With Earth in 17 Years
NASA’s Lost Satellite Just Made Its First Contact With Earth in 17 Years
It’s official: ISEE-3, the 36-year-old satellite that NASA left for dead over a decade ago, is back in touch with humankind. This afternoon, a group of citizen scientists who raised almost $160,000 to fund the process of taking control of ISEE-3 announced that two-way contact has been established with the little satellite that could. So what’s next?
“Over the coming days and weeks our team will make an assessment of the spacecraft’s overall health and refine the techniques required to fire its engines and bring it back to an orbit near Earth,” explained the Reboot team in a triumphant comment released today. Contact was made at Arecibo Radio Observatory in Puerto Rico, where scientists collaborated with a worldwide network of like-minded space fans to fund and engineer the project.
Now comes the fun part: Getting ISEE-3 back to the business of studying space. We’ll have more updates as they come.
NASA Is Letting Citizens Commandeer a Long-Lost Satellite
Yesterday evening, NASA officially granted permission to a group of scientists and enthusiasts who want to do what NASA can’t afford: Make contact with a 36-year-old satellite called ISEE-3 that’s still capable of taking directions for a new mission. It’s the first agreement of its kind—and it could hint at where the space industry is going.
So, a little back story. As our sister site io9 explained last month, ISEE-3 was launched back in 1978 to study the relationship between the Sun and Earth. It enjoyed many more missions over the next three decades, but NASA officially cut the cord in 1997. Still, ISEE-3 kept on trucking.
It wasn’t until a decade later that NASA discovered she was still at it, despite the lack of commands from her benefactors at NASA. Why not send her on a new mission? Well, that’s the trouble: We have no way of communicating. The antenna used to contact ISEE-3 had been removed.
Enter the group of scientists including SkyCorp, SpaceRef, Space College Foundation, and others. They want to use a different antenna, at Morehead State University, to contact ISEE-3. “Our plan is simple: we intend to contact the ISEE-3 spacecraft, command it to fire its engines and enter an orbit near Earth, and then resume its original mission,” said Keith Cowing, a former Nasa engineer and owner of Nasa Watch, told the Guardian.
The ISEE-3, (later ICE), undergoing testing and evaluation.
Sounds good, right? Well, it’s not so simple. The group, which calls itself ISEE-3 Reboot, needs to essentially rebuild the entire software used to communicate with ISEE-3 back in the 70s. That means digging through archives to find the original commands, then recreating them. With zero funding available from NASA and only a month or two until the little satellite makes a close pass in mid-June. The technical challenges are huge:
We need to initiate a crash course effort to use ‘software radio’ to recreate virtual versions all of the original communications hardware that no longer physically exists. We also need to cover overhead involved in operating a large dish antenna, locating and analyzing old documentation, and possibly some travel.
But, the creators of the project explained in their pitch letter on R ockethub, “if we are successful it may also still be able to chase yet another comet.”
If there was any doubt about whether modern Americans were still enamored with space, the results of their crowdfunding campaign squash it. The group blew through their $100,000 goal, and are currently getting close to a $150,000 stretch goal. There are only two days left to donate—and you should—but the fact that they’ve raised so much money in so short a time is remarkable.
The ISEE-3 Reboot mission patch.
Yesterday, NASA announced it has signed an agreement with the group called a Non-Reimbursable Space Act Agreement (NRSAA), which is a contract it signs with its external partners to describe a collaboration. It gives the group the green light to go ahead and make its attempt at taking control of ISEE-3—it essence, it gives Skycorp the right to take over the operation of a satellite that NASA built almost 40 years ago.
Here’s what astronaut John Grunsfeld had to say about the agreement:
The intrepid ISEE-3 spacecraft was sent away from its primary mission to study the physics of the solar wind extending its mission of discovery to study two comets. We have a chance to engage a new generation of citizen scientists through this creative effort to recapture the ISEE-3 spacecraft as it zips by the Earth this summer.
It’s an incredible development—and it tells us something about where space travel and research is going. NASA and other state-funded research entities are being strangled by downsized budgets, but the push into space amongst independent scientists, engineers, and citizens is booming. As Elon Musk sues to let commercial space companies compete for government contracts, students and scientists are launching their own satellites.
Over the next few decades, plenty of other NASA-built spacecraft will begin to age—just like ISEE-3. And unless something drastic changes about NASA’s budget, it may not have the cash to keep them up. Imagine a future in which craft built by NASA in the 70s, 80s, and 90s, are inherited by independent groups of scientists and space companies who take over operations, just like Skycorp is. The privatization of space might not be so far away—and NASA might play a heavy role in its creation.
Orbits of Jupiter Moons Transformed into Mind-Bending Optical Illusions and Music
Orbits of Jupiter Moons Transformed into Mind-Bending Optical Illusions and Music
By Steve Spaleta, Space.com Senior Producer
Order has risen from the chaos of the creation of our solar system, and that systemization is on display through the gravitational push and pull of the bodies it harbors. A clear example of this is Jupiter and its four largest moons: When their orbital dynamics are converted into rhythms, musical notes and time-lapsed illusions, you'll likely be astounded by what you see and hear.
To understand how it works, you have to first break down the orbits.
After the three innermoons of the Jupiter systemwere created, they eventually settled into a simple 4:2:1 orbital resonance. In other words, it takes twice as long for Europa, Jupiter's second-closest moon, to orbit Jupiter as it does Io, the closest moon. And, in turn, the third-closest moon, Ganymede, takes four times as long as Io to orbit Jupiter. [Hear the orbits of Trappist-1 system planets turned into music]
The Galilean moons Ganymede, Europa and Io orbit at a 4:2:1 resonance.
The fourth moon, Callisto, completes the quartet of Galilean moons — which were discovered by Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei in 1610 — and it is the farthest of the bunch. It orbits at a 12:5 resonance: 12 orbits of Ganymede are equal to five orbits for Callisto. Using these statistics, Matt Russo, Andrew Santaguida and Dan Tamayo of system-sounds.com have created a musical representation of the orbits. Io, Europa and Ganymede are "playing the same note but in different octaves," when the orbits are converted into musical pitches, according to an explainer on their website — the pitches metaphor is appropriate because octaves follow a similar resonance structure; to go an octave higher, you double the frequency of the sound. In the case of Callisto, the pitch occurs at an "interval of an octave plus a minor 3rd," they wrote, since its resonance differs from that of the other moons.
This graphic shows the periods of time it takes for the moons to complete an orbit around Jupiter, the closest note and frequency (hertz) used to create a musical representation of Jupiter and its four closest moons.
Credit: System-Sounds.com
The trio used the ratios of the moons' orbits, combined with an animation of Jupiter and its moons, to generate a rhythmic beat that is based on each moon's resonance, before slowly speeding it up from 30,000 to 250 million times the actual orbital speed (seen at the top of this page — turn on sound). "As [the moons] begin orbiting faster than 20 times per second (20 Hz), the repetitive beat morphs into sustained musical harmony," the explainer goes on to say — based on those octaves mentioned above.
The geometric patterns that form in the animation as it speeds up are obviously not a true representation of what the orbits look like. The patterns occur because the frame rate that the video was created with just can't keep up. The result is a stroboscopic effect, which the System Sounds website compares to a "wagon wheel" optical illusion you see when a "car wheel (is) spinning so fast that it appears to stop and start spinning backwards."
The stroboscopic effect created in a new animation of the Jupiter system makes the orbits of the gas giant's four closest moons appear as geometric shapes.
Credit: System-Sounds.com
All those factors combined turn into a mind-blowing, 70-second experience that we highly recommend you watch in full screen with a good sound system or headphones. You can even get interactive with it below — just click Play and drag NASA's Juno spacecraft to speed up the orbits; you can also turn the moons' orbits on or off by clicking on them.
To take a deeper dive into the musical details and to see some more "hypnotic" orbit animations, visit the System Sounds website.
Top Secret UK Project Reveals the Real-Life X-Files On UFO Mysteries
Top Secret UK Project Reveals the Real-Life X-Files On UFO Mysteries
The UK’s Ministry of Defence former official has new revelations regarding a secret government UFO study done during the 1990s.
The Mod commissioned a defence contractor in 1996 to produce a comprehensive report on UFO sightings in the UK. The report was conducted amidst a vast public interest in UFOs with the popularity of the X-Files TV series and the 50th anniversary of the famous Roswell Incident.
The report carefully avoided using the term UFO as it described sightings as Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP).
The report analysed a database of sightings between 1987 and 1997 through code-named Project Condign, and it was delivered to officials in 2000. Found in the study “Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) in the UK Air Defence Region” was that a variety of known phenomena, both natural and human-made could explain the sightings. It noted the incidence of relatively rare natural events. The report said there was no proof to associate the phenomena with any particular nation.
The Project Condign has been compared to a U.S. air force initiative to investigate UFOs dubbed as Project Blue Book, which was ended in 1969.
A journalist and author Nick Pope claimed he was part in setting up the study as a former MOD UFO investigator with his counterpart in the Ministry’s Defence Intelligence Staff. He explained via an emailed statement that they set up the study because they had done very little trend analysis in their decades-long UFO sighting investigations on a case-by-case basis. He revealed that Project Condign was aimed to rectify it and serve as a proper intelligence assessment that would look into the patterns in data they already had.
He added that they were looking everything together about UFOs, including the assessment of what they were dealing, what are threats, and what are the opportunities.
In 1993, initial discussions about the study started, according to Pope, who already not part of it when the work on the report itself began.
According to Pope, the study itself was highly confidential and extremely sensitive as the Mod consistently told the public, the media, and the parliament that UFOs were of limited interest and no defence significance. He explained that they decided to make the study highly classified to avoid exposure to an internal position on the phenomenon that was not the same from public opinion.
It was only in 2006 that the report entered the public domain through a Freedom of Information request from academic Dr David Clarke. The author of the report has been kept secret.
Clarke, a principal research fellow at the Sheffield Hallam University in the UK, obtained a new set of unseen documents recently, which have put Project Condign into the spotlight once again. According to the record, the Mod officials had overworked to reduce their commitment to investigating UFO sighting reports. Base on the findings, Project Condign, had made the foundations for the Mod to begin scaling back its operations on UFOs. Since 1967, the DI55 department of the Ministry secretly collected data on potential UFO sightings and closed at the end of 2000. In 2009 the MoD’s UFO Desk closed.
Pope found the final report of Project Condign disappointing. He said that the report looked like a conclusion-led study using a data to support a personal opinion. However, he acknowledged the challenges in compiling a confidential report such as this one.
Pope said that those involved in an intelligence study like Project Condign don’t reach out to the experts on the subject matter outside the intelligence community, which is the problem. He explained that consultation with other scientists and academics would have been helpful.
The discussion of novel military applications that could be supported by a greater understanding of the UFO phenomenon has surprised the former Mod employee. He said it was primarily a reference to weaponisation, including a directed energy weapon’s construction.
Mod explained in a statement that all its historical UFO-related files have either been released or are soon to be released to the National Archives of the UK. It added that the MOD maintains to have no opinion regarding extraterrestrial life existence or otherwise and does not investigate UFO sightings.
The book describes incidents where towns were left ‘burned out’ by UFOs – but which have somehow been covered up by the mainstream media.
Even Hollywood stars may have fallen victim, with Carole Lombard thought to have been bumped off in a UFO-related killing (and some UFO fans claim JFK and Marilyn Monroe were bumped off for ‘knowing too much’.
Not only that, but UFO researchers have been murdered (possibly by aliens, or by their allies in government), and a bunch of celebs have been bumped off, too.
UFO expert Nigel Watson, who contributes a chapter to the book, says, ‘Fortunately, death by UFO is a very rare event. Most instances have occurred in remote places and might be due to secret government testing or rumours that have grown into ‘facts.’
Quite a lot going on on this cover
‘Some ufologists believe that the propulsion systems of UFOs are so deadly to humans and that you should keep your distance if you see one landing nearby. Like most things in the UFO subject there are no solid facts to support the idea hundreds of people have been killed by alien spacecraft, nonetheless this won’t stop the speculation!
Are UFO researchers being bumped off?
Max Spiers Rex
It’s almost the perfect conspiracy theory – that the government is actually killing off anyone who gets too close to the truth about UFOs.
But some people seriously believe it – and point tohttps://metro.co.uk/ a grisly catalogues of supposed ‘accidents’ and ‘suicides’ as proof.
As long ago as 1971, researcher Otto Binder claimed that at least 137 UFO investigators had died under mysterious circumstances during the 1960s.
Recently, many believed that conspiracy theorist Max Spiers (pictured) was killed by sinister forces, after he ‘vomited black liquid’.
But the figures might be deceptive: there are a huge number of UFO believers, ‘researchers’ and authors, most of whom have lived normal lives.
Nigel Watson says, ‘Certainly, several UFO researchers have died in unusual circumstances or have committed ‘suicide’ but they are a very small number compared to the number of UFO researchers who have spoken openly about UFOs for decades and have never been troubled by MIB or alien murder squads.’
You may also be interested in Part One of this two-part UFO series, where we cover other striking encounters with UFOs that landed, crashed, and buzzed by Earth landmarks.
1. UFO LANDING IN RENDLESHAM FOREST, UK
“I’ve gone on record saying Rendlesham might be the turning point in history that leads to the explanation of the UFO phenomenon.” —Nick Pope, UK Ministry of Defense
It was December 1980, and on a US military base in England, a security patrol observed a strange light descending into nearby Rendlesham Forest, and assumed one of their aircraft must have gone down.
Re-creation of the Craft that Landed in Rendlesham Forest
Sergeants John Burroughs and James Penniston were dispatched to investigate, and instead of a downed plane, they discovered a strange craft with glowing yellow and blue lights, approximately nine by six feet in size. Static electricity seemed to be emanating from it. The men stood and stared at the object for about 10 minutes, finally deciding that it did not appear to be a threat. They moved closer and observed strange hieroglyphic markings on the side of the craft.
Suddenly, an explosion of light from the ship knocked both men down; “I thought I was going to die that night,” Penniston said later. Penniston got up and touched the craft; it felt smooth and warm.
The men stayed near the UFO for 45 minutes until it began to rise through the trees, then shot into the night so quickly that Penniston later wrote in his log book, “Speed: Impossible!”
The next morning, investigators found deep, triangle-shaped impressions in the ground where the craft had been sighted. Tests showed high levels of radiation.
The ship returned for two consecutive nights; on the final night, it was witnessed by nearly 60 people.
2.THE KECKSBURG UFO CRASH
At first, they thought it was some kind of crazy meteor. The fireball that streaked across skies over Ontario, Michigan, Ohio, and Pennsylvania in 1965 dropped metal debris and caused sonic booms. Eyewitnesses in the small town of Kecksburg, Pennsylvania saw the UFO crash into a forest, followed by blue smoke that rose from amongst the trees. They called authorities.
Reproduction of What Witnesses Saw Near Kecksburg, PA
Meanwhile, a few brave individuals ventured into the woods to see what had crash-landed. They found the object partially buried in the ground; it was bronze in color and metallic, about the size of a car, shaped like an acorn. The witnesses noticed strange markings on its surface that resembled Egyptian hieroglyphs. Jim Romanesky, one of the observers, said that the UFO was completely seamless, almost as if it had been made of liquid metal that was poured into a mold.
When the military arrived, they cordoned off the area, detaining and removing everyone from the forest. Witnesses saw them load the object onto a flatbed truck and remove it; when an official report was issued, it said that “absolutely nothing” had been found—case closed.
3. PHOENIX LIGHTS
Phones at the police station were ringing off the hook, UFO reporting agencies were inundated with calls, the news media were receiving a flurry of reports, people were standing in the streets and pointing at the sky: there were strange lights hovering over the city of Phoenix! Thousands of people saw the Phoenix Lights that March day in 1997, including police offers, military personnel, and Arizona governor Fife Symington; eye-witnesses said that the lights appeared to be part of a massive black V-shaped craft that moved slowly and silently as it passed over their rooftops.
The first reports of the UFO came from Henderson, Nevada, where witnesses said the craft was drifting along in a southeasterly direction; it passed over other towns until it appeared over Phoenix. Air traffic controllers at Phoenix’s Sky Harbor International Airport could see the lights through their window but registered no sign of anything on radar.
The local Air Force base denied that any activity had taken place that night—then later changed the story and said that the lights had been aircraft flares they’d dropped between 9:00 and 10:00 PM that night. Problem is, the UFO lights had appeared over Henderson, Nevada just before 8:00 PM and over Phoenix just after 8:30 PM.
4. UFO OVER O’HARE INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
“I am still in absolute wonder and amazement at what I saw that afternoon.”
—Eye-witness to the O’Hare UFO
It had been a normal afternoon at busy O’Hare International when airport employees began to notice something strange in the sky.
A Strange Disc Hovers Over O’Hare International Airport
On November 7, 2006, a metallic, saucer-like craft appeared above the airport and hovered over Gate C-17. A ramp employee was the first to see it as he helped a jet, flight 446 bound for North Carolina, push back to prepare for takeoff. Chatter on two-way radios alerted a dozen other employees, ranging from pilots to supervisors, who all ran to see the disc hovering in the sky.
The UFO lingered over the airport for about two minutes, then, as witnesses described, shot straight up at an incredible velocity and vanished, leaving a clear, sky-blue hole in the clouds.
The Federal Aviation Administration first denied they had any evidence of the matter. When a local reporter discovered a recording of an FAA official discussing the sighting with a United Airlines employee, the FAA changed the story: it was just a weather phenomenon, and there was no need for further investigation.
SPITTING IMAGE Simulated collisions between two moonlets can lead to oddly shaped moons (bottom row) that closely resemble some of Saturn’s moons (top row; from left to right: Pan, Atlas and Prometheus).
IMAGES: JPL-CALTECH/NASA, SPACE SCIENCE INSTITUTE; SIMULATIONS: A. LELEU, M. JUTZI AND M. RUBIN/NATURE ASTRONOMY 2018
A space ravioli. A planetary baguette. A cosmic Kaiser roll. Some of Saturn’s moons have shapes that are strangely reminiscent of culinary concoctions.
Adrien Leleu , a planetary scientist at the University of Bern in Switzerland, and colleagues developed computer simulations that let the scientists virtually smack together similar-sized moonlets at various speeds and angles. The team found that, at low angles and relative speeds of tens of meters per second (roughly equal to a car on country roads), impacts can create offbeat shapes that look like the misfits around Saturn.
Head-on collisions result in a flattened moon like Pan, which resembles an empanada (SN Online: 3/10/17). An impact angle of just a few degrees leads to an elongated satellite such as Prometheus, which looks like a French loaf.
Many moons
A variety of moon shapes could result from two moonlets coming together at different angles and speeds, according to computer simulations. Dark areas are original moonlet surfaces, whereas in the light areas the surface has been ejected or contorted. Speeds are relative to the escape velocity, the speed at which ejected material escapes the gravity of the combined moonlets.
A. LELEU, M. JUTZI AND M. RUBIN/NATURE ASTRONOMY 2018
Not all run-ins create a weird looking moon. At higher angles, for example, moonlets might hit and run. Or they could form highly elongated rotating moons that subsequently break apart.
Leleu and collaborators focused on the smaller moons of Saturn that orbit within the planet’s rings. But the team also found that a similar collision between two larger moonlets could also account for the odd shape of Iapetus (SN Online: 4/21/14), a more distant walnut-shaped moon with a pronounced ridge along its equator that has puzzled scientists since the belt’s discovery. Other speculative origins for the ridge include volcanoes, plate tectonics or ring debris that rained down on the moon.
“After the Wright Brothers proved 117 years ago that powered, sustained, and controlled flight was possible here on Earth, another group of American pioneers may prove the same can be done on another world.”
Excitement has been building for NASA’s next rover mission to Mars, scheduled to launch sometime in 2020. Although it looks a lot like the current Curiosity rover, its mission will be to search directly for possible evidence of past life. Curiosity, on the other hand, is studying the ancient habitability of Gale Crater on Mars, which we now know used to hold a lake or series of lakes, focusing more on geology than biology.
And now the upcoming 2020 mission just got even better – NASA has approved the inclusion of a tiny drone-like helicopter to accompany the rover!
This is something never done before, and assuming it’s successful, will be the first time that Mars has been robotically explored by something other than an orbiter, lander or rover.
Artist’s concept of the Mars Helicopter, which will be sent to Mars along with the 2020 rover.
The Mars Helicopter will be a small, drone-like autonomous rotorcraft, designed specifically for Mars’ very thin atmosphere; it will provide a unique and exciting new way to see the Martian landscape as never before – a bird’s-eye view, if you will.
And of course, it’s just very cool. NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine commented:
NASA has a proud history of firsts. The idea of a helicopter flying the skies of another planet is thrilling. The Mars Helicopter holds much promise for our future science, discovery, and exploration missions to Mars.
Having a helicopter would be useful in scouting out sites for further investigation by the rover. Being up in the air is a definite advantage. You can get a better overall view than from the ground or even from orbit.
The Mars Helicopter will be a first test of this kind of technology. Weighing under four pounds (1.8 kilograms), and with a body the size of a softball, the concept has already gone through four years of design, testing and redesign. Operating in Mars’ thin atmosphere isn’t as easy as on Earth, so the twin, counter-rotating blades will need to spin at almost 3,000 rpm, 10 times faster than a conventional helicopter. On the Martian surface, the atmosphere is equivalent to an altitude of 100,000 feet (30,000 meters) on Earth, so the helicopter needs to be able to fly in those conditions.
By comparison, the highest altitude record for a helicopter on Earth is 40,000 feet (12,000 meters).
Artist’s concept of the helicopter on Mars’ surface. After deployment, it’ll make a short first test flight, and then longer flights to different locations on Mars.
Mimi Aung, Mars Helicopter project manager at JPL, said:
To make it fly at that low atmospheric density, we had to scrutinize everything, make it as light as possible while being as strong and as powerful as it can possibly be.
The Mars Helicopter also includes solar cells to charge its lithium-ion batteries and a heater to keep it warm. The 2020 mission provides a perfect opportunity to test this first attempt at Mars aviation. Thomas Zurbuchen, Associate Administrator for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate, said:
Exploring the red planet with NASA’s Mars Helicopter exemplifies a successful marriage of science and technology innovation and is a unique opportunity to advance Mars exploration for the future. After the Wright Brothers proved 117 years ago that powered, sustained, and controlled flight was possible here on Earth, another group of American pioneers may prove the same can be done on another world.
NASA will conduct a 30-day flight test campaign of the helicopter. For the first flight, it will climb to about 10 feet (3 meters), and then hover for about 30 seconds. If all goes well, it will take gradually longer flights, up to a few hundred meters. Zurbuchen said:
The ability to see clearly what lies beyond the next hill is crucial for future explorers. We already have great views of Mars from the surface as well as from orbit. With the added dimension of a bird’s-eye view from a “marscopter,” we can only imagine what future missions will achieve.
The 2020 rover itself will be the most sophisticated ever sent to Mars so far. While other rovers have focused on geology and habitability, this one is designed to look directly for evidence of past microbial life on the red planet, with updated instruments, and will be the first life-focused mission since the Viking landers in the 1970s. It will also take rock and soil samples which will be preserved in small tubes, to be sent back to Earth at a later date and test technologies which could be used for future human missions.
The rover will launch in 2020 and land in February 2021. Meanwhile, NASA’s newest Mars mission, the InSight lander, was launched on May 5 and will land later this year. InSight will stay in one place, however, using a wide range of instruments to study the composition of the interior of Mars, to help scientists learn how the planet formed and evolved.
View larger. | Mars 2020 rover is similar in design to the Curiosity rover, but will focus on searching for evidence of past microbial life. The helicopter, now approved, will serve as a scout.
Bottom line: Mars’ atmosphere is thin. In order to stay aloft, the planned softball-sized Mars Helicopter – which will accompany the Mars 2020 mission – will have twin, counter-rotating blades that’ll bite into Mars’ thin air at about 10 times the rate of a helicopter on Earth.
Jeremy Kenyon Lockyer Corbell is a documentary filmmaker and contemporary artist. He launched his series Extraordinary Beliefs in 2015 and since then has created several compelling documentaries on various paranormal phenomena, mostly centered around UFO and alien abduction themes. Jeremy has been able to gain access to witnesses few others have had the opportunity to interview and shares their stories in an engrossing and intimate manner, careful not to steer his audience but to allow them to make up their own minds.
In this interview, we discuss another exciting project in which Jeremy has gained unprecedented access to extraordinary events. What has been dubbed the “Skinwalker Ranch” in the Uintah Basin of Utah, is a location where many types of paranormal phenomena have been reported for decades. The site gained worldwide notoriety with the 2005 bookHunt for the Skinwalker: Science Confronts the Unexplained at a Remote Ranch in Utah co-authored by investigative journalist George Knapp and scientist Colm Kelleher. Since then very few have gained access to the ranch. Jeremy has been able to work with George Knapp to create a documentary with footage that has never been seen by the public of an investigation by Bigelow Aerospace’s Bigelow Aerospace Advanced Space Studies (BAASS) division. It has recently been revealed this investigation was funded in part by the Department of Defense.
According to a ranking member of the U.S. House Science Subcommittee on Space, the recent revelation the Pentagon investigated UFOs piqued his interest. He says he suggested to the head of the subcommittee and the chairman of the U.S. House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology that hearings be held on the matter. A fellow politician and an advisor to the White House on space agree that it is a subject that should be taken seriously.
The comments were made during an event held by Politico launching their weekly space news briefs. Politico Defense Editor Bryan Bender moderated panel discussions with his fellow Politico reporter Jaqueline Klimas. Bender was familiar with the UFO topic and the Pentagon study because he had authored an article that was posted within hours of The New York Times posting their storybreaking the recent big UFO news.
Reps. Ami Bera (D-Calif.), Randy Hultgren (R-Ill.) and Mary Lynne Dittmar, president and CEO, Coalition for Deep Space Exploration, speak during the POLITICO Space Launch Event.
(Image credit: Politico)
The UFO question came up in a panel with Ami Bera (Democrat, California), ranking member of the U.S. House Subcommittee on Space, Randy Hultgren (Republican, Illinois), a member of the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, and Mary Lynne Dittmar, CEO of the Coalition for Deep Space Exploration. Dittmar is also an advisor for the president’s space council, a group that advises the White House on space policy.
Bender asked the group if given the recent UFO news whether the topic should be taken more seriously or if it is just “sci-fi stuff.”
Bera answered first stating that he thought the topic was credible, so much so that he spoke with the head of the space subcommittee and the head the of the overall committee on science, space, and technology suggesting a hearing the matter.
Hultgren and Dittmar agreed unidentified aircraft should be something that is taken seriously and investigated.
You can read more about their comments in my story on Den of Geek here.
China on track to the first-ever landing on the ‘dark side’ of the moon
China on track to the first-ever landing on the ‘dark side’ of the moon
China has made plans to launch a satellite Sunday with an ambitious goal of being the first nation to land on the ‘dark side’ of the moon.
The mission involved in the satellite launch is known as Change-4. The satellite, known as the Queqiao relay satellite, will be launched to Lagrange L2 Point where it will be able to communicate with the Earth and the far side of the moon. This is important regarding phase 2 of the mission, which is landing on the moon at a destination furthest away from Earth.
China Plans to be the First Nation to Land on the Dark Side of the Moon
Here's the launch trajectory, taking the Queqiao Chang'e-4 relay sat to the second Earth-Moon Lagrange point via a lunar swing-by, and reaching it's destination in around 8-9 days.
This is significant because we never get to view this side of the moon due to the moon being tidally locked to Earth. This tidal lock is important because it prevents direct communication. Change-4 is anticipated to change this.
Queqiao was developed by the Chinese Academy of SpaceTechnology (CAST). Communication will be attainable for Queqiao on both the moon and the Earth at an orbit in between 65,000km and 80,000km beyond the moon. This location is desired because it is considered a gravitationally stable spot in orbit.
The Netherlands Chinese Low-Frequency Explorer (#NCLE) successfully passed the last assessment by the Chinese space agency! The instrument will be launched on board the Chinese Chang'e 4 relay satellite to a position behind the Moon in May. @RadRadioLab@isis_space
Queqiao, weighing in at 425kg, will be put in the position roughly six months before its’ landing mission to test its’ functionality. Additionally, Queqiao will be carrying the Netherlands-China Low-Frequency Explorer with a purpose of finding radio signals from the early days of our universe.
Queqiao is scheduled for a May 21st lift off at 5 am eastern standard time. The launch window consists of three days. The lander and rover for the Change-4 mission were initially manufactured at the same time as the Change-3 spacecraft that landed on the moon in 2013. This was done intentionally so a backup mission for Change-4 could be initiated in case issues arise.
Change-4 is the fifth mission for China. If everything works out with the mission, China plans to put people on the lunar surface within the next twelve years.
This footage was captured on the 20th of May 2018. It was captured by a drone that carried a 4K camera. The object seems to flying over a populated area. The object looks like a small silver disc that is hoovering above the area. The camera operator only noticed the object after he reviewed the footage.
It’s long been said that “If you want something done right, do it yourself.” How long? The quote is attributed to French playwright Charles-Guillaume Étienne in the early 1800s. The saying in French is “On n’est jamais servi si bien que par soi-même,” which translates literally to the more cumbersome “One is never served so well as by oneself.” Two hundred years later, the saying resonates stronger than ever, and now it’s becoming a driving force in the world of UFOs (see Tom DeLonge). Politico, the Washington DC-based political journal, recently began a website called POLITICO Space, a “weekly must-read briefing on the policies and personalities shaping the second space age.”
To launch POLITICO Space, Politico Defense Editor and Space writer Bryan Bender held an announcement panel discussion in mid-April. Joining him were fellow space Jaqueline Klimas, President and CEO of the Coalition for Deep Space Exploration Mary Lynne Dittmar and US Congressional Representatives Ami Bera (Democrat, California) and Randy Hultgren (Republican, Illinois). This was no space junket — Dittmar is an advisor President Trump on space policy and Bera and Hultgren are members of the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology.
When you’re doing things yourself, you don’t let the opportunity to question space heavyweights and policy makers pass you by, so Bryan Bender referred to the Pentagon UFO revelations of last December and hit them with both barrels of his photon torpedo launcher:
“You hear these reports. We have been hearing them for decades from many credible people. Other countries take it more seriously. They have government researchers who, in the open, not in secrecy, try to explain the unexplainable. Should we be doing more? Or is this just crazy sci-fi stuff that is a waste of time?”
Talk about a loaded question! It would have been easy to deflect it (after all – they’re politicians) and move to what they really want to talk about (campaign donations), but Representative Bera gave a straightforward and unexpected answer.
“I’ve actually talked to the chairman of the subcommittee, Brian Babin, as well as Lamar Smith, the chairman of the full committee. I said we ought to have a hearing on this, right? We ought to bring some folks in. Look, if you want to boost our C-SPAN ratings, a lot of people would be really interested. We don’t know what these phenomena are. Obviously, it’s important enough to allocate some funds and we ought to talk about what we can talk about.”
Bera said the magic word … “funds.” Spending money shows he’s serious. And he wants to put it on TV, which should get the president interested. Republican Hultgren agrees.
“It definitely piques interest. It gets people engaged.”
We’re already piqued and engaged — it’s time for Congress to catch up. Will government money really get allocated and spent on opening up secret files and getting new UFO research started? Will the discussions be held out in the open on C-SPAN? (Would they get more viewers on Netflix?)
Representatives Bera and Hultgren have committed and they name-dropped Brian Babin and Lamar Smith – both Republicans from Texas. Smith is retiring so Babin better get onboard. He doesn’t have to worry about the 2018 election because his only opponent is the Green Party candidate (which in Texas means he’s running unopposed). Will they follow through? Expect POLITICO to keep reminding them.
And a special thanks to POLITICO Space for reminding us once again:
“If you want something done right, do it yourself.”
Areas in the US Where You’ll Most Likely See A UFO
Areas in the US Where You’ll Most Likely See A UFO
One of the most bizarre reported UFO sightings took place in North Carolina, which has had 7,570 reported sightings of unidentified flying objects since 1940. So odd that some of the UFO sightings inspire conspiracy theories of secret military experiments that have been going on in the state.
But what could be the chances to spot a UFO right now in either of Carolinas?
Statisticians at Casino.org had finally figured that out. They divided the reported sightings in each year throughout the past 78 years into the overall population.
It turns out that North Carolina has had a 1 in 135,000 chance of seeing a UFO after stepping out the door. Meanwhile, South Carolina faces a 1 in 117,300 chance with its 4,285 sightings, according to Casino.org.
When it comes to the number of actual UFO reports, North Carolina is one of the top 10 states with several reports recently in Lake Norman area and Charlotte, says National UFO Reporting Center in Davenport, Wash.
However, the calculations done by Casino.org are not based on the number of actual UFO reports as they are based on the population of the state. The smaller the community, the higher the odds.
One of the examples of Casino.org calculations is California, which has had 23,419 reported sightings, but with its vast population, people have a 1 in 168,700 chance of seeing a UFO in the state.
Among the 50 states in the Casino.org list, North Carolina was ranked at 16 and South Carolina at 21.
People are most likely to see a UFO in Wyoming, Vermont, Montana, North Dakota, and Alaska.
So, were aliens busier on earth in the 40s and 50s, or are they just better covered up now? Here's a graph to help you see just how common UFO sightings have been in the US for the last 80 years.
ESA ziet heftige laserstralen uit ruimtenevel schieten
ESA ziet heftige laserstralen uit ruimtenevel schieten
Caroline Kraaijvanger
Het wijst erop dat in het hart van de nevel wat verborgen zit.
Wie denkt aan aliens, heeft het mis. Volgens ESA ontstaat de laseremmissie doordat in deze planetaire nevel niet één, maar twee sterren te vinden zijn.
Miernevel Astronomen ontdekten de laseremissie met behulp van ruimtetelescoop Herschel. De emissie is afkomstig uit het hart van de Miernevel. Dit is een planetaire nevel die ontstaan is nadat een ster de handdoek in de ring heeft gegooid (zie kader).
Wanneer een niet al te zware ster (zoals onze zon bijvoorbeeld) door zijn brandstof heen is, stoot deze zijn buitenste lagen de ruimte in. Zo ontstaat rond de kern van de ster – die aangeduid wordt als een ‘witte dwerg’ – een vaak spectaculaire planetaire nevel.
Gas De laseremissie die Herschel heeft opgemerkt, suggereert dat rond de witte dwerg die zich in het hart van de planetaire nevel bevindt, veel gas te vinden is. De dichtheid van dat gas zou zo’n 10.000 keer hoger liggen dan in de twee ‘kwabben’ van de Miernevel. Dat is op het eerste gezicht vreemd: het gebied nabij een witte dwerg is doorgaans vrij leeg, doordat de stervende ster zijn buitenste lagen van zich heeft afgeduwd en gas dat daarbij is achtergebleven al spoedig op de witte dwerg terug zal vallen. “De enige manier waarop gas dicht bij de ster kan blijven, is door er in een schijf omheen te draaien,” vertelt onderzoeker Albert Zijlstra. De laseremissie wijst er dan ook op dat in de Miernevel zo’n gasschijf te vinden is en Herschel kijkt tegen het randje van die schijf aan. “Die oriëntatie versterkt het lasersignaal,” aldus Zijlstra.
De Miernevel. Afbeelding: NASA, ESA & Hubble Heritage Team
(STScI / AURA).
Niet alleen De aanwezigheid van de schijf wijst er sterk op dat de witte dwerg in de Miernevel niet alleen is: de stervende ster moet bijna wel deel uitmaken van een dubbelstersysteem. “Want het is moeilijk om uitgestoten gas in een omloopbaan te dwingen, tenzij er een tweede ster is die het gas in de juiste richting duwt.” Het is astronomen nog niet gelukt om de tweede ster te spotten. Maar ze denken dat de massa die de stervende ster afstaat door die tweede ster wordt afgevangen en vervolgens in een schijf wordt gedwongen waarin het lasersignaal gegenereerd wordt.
Hoe het ook precies zit: het is een spectaculaire ontdekking. In de ruimte hebben onderzoekers op verschillende golflengtes en onder specifieke omstandighden nog maar enkele malen sterk gefocuste straling ontdekt. En er zijn slechts een paar kosmische ‘infraroodlasers’ bekend.
Bronmateriaal:
"" - Afbeelding bovenaan dit artikel: NASA, ESA & Hubble Heritage Team (STScI / AURA)
UFO spotters looking out over the Forth Valley in central Scotland where unexplained sightings are said to be frequent.
(Credit: Colin McPherson/Sygma/Getty Images)
In 2017, several news organizations revealed the existence of the Advanced Aviation Threat Identification Program (AATIP), a U.S. government funded investigation into unidentified flying objects from 2007 to 2012. This secret $22 million program, however, was not the first of its kind. In fact official government UFO studies began in the 1940s with Project Sign providing some of the most credible videos of aerial phenomenon to date. The 2017 revelation that the U.S. government was actively researching UFOs reignited world interest in UFOs and aliens. Let’s revisit five of the most believable UFO sightings of the 21st century.
1. The Lights Above the New Jersey Turnpike (2001)
It takes a lot for motorists to stop alongside a highway to look towards the sky, but on July 14, 2001, drivers on the New Jersey Turnpike did just that. For around 15 minutes just after midnight, they marveled at the sight of strange orange and yellow lights in a V formation over the Arthur Kill Waterway between Staten Island, New York, and Carteret, New Jersey. Cataret Police Department’s Lt. Daniel Tarrant was one of the witnesses, as well as other metro area residents from the Throgs Neck Bridge on Long Island and Fort Lee, New Jersey near the George Washington Bridge. Air traffic controllers initially denied that any airplanes, military jets or space flights could have caused the mysterious lights, but a group known as the New York Strange Phenomena Investigators (NY-SPI) claimed to receive FAA radar data that corroborated the UFO sightings of that night.
An image taken from a video released by the Defense Department’s Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program of a 2004 encounter near San Diego between two Navy F/A-18F fighter jets and an unknown object. (Credit: U.S. Department of Defense via The New York Times/Redux)
2. The USS Nimitz Encounter (2004)
On November 14, 2004, the USS Princeton noted an unknown craft on radar 100 miles off the coast of San Diego. For two weeks, the crew had been tracking objects which appeared at 80,000 feet and plummeted to hover right above the Pacific Ocean. When two FA-18F fighter jets from the USS Nimitz arrived in the area, they first saw what appeared to be churning boiling water in an oval shape underneath the surface. Then, in a few moments, a white Tic Tac-like object appeared above the water. It had no visible markings to indicate an engine, wings, or windows, and infrared monitors did not reveal any exhaust. Commander David Fravor and Lt. Cmdr. Jim Slaight of Strike Fighter Squadron 41 attempted to intercept the craft, but it accelerated away, reappearing on radar 60 miles away—it moved three times the speed of sound and twice the speed of the fighter jets. This encounter was one of the stories reported along with the news of AATIP.
3. O’Hare International Airport Saucer (2006)
Flight 446 was getting ready to fly to North Carolina from Chicago’s O’Hare International Airport, when a United Airlines employee on the tarmac noticed a dark grey metallic craft hovering over gate C17. That day, November 7, 2006, a total of twelve United employees, and a few witnesses outside the airport, spotted the saucer-shaped craft around 4:15 p.m. The witnesses say it hovered for about 5 minutes before shooting upward where it broke a hole in the clouds, enough that the pilots and mechanics could see the blue sky. The news report became the most read story on Chicago Tribune’s website to that date and made international news. However, because the UFO was not seen on radar, the FAA called it a “weather phenomenon” and declined to investigate.
4. The Stephenville Sightings (2008)
The small town of Stephenville, Texas 100 miles southwest of Dallas, is mostly known for its dairy farms, but in the evening of January 8, 2008, dozens of its residents viewed something unique in the sky. Citizens reported seeing white lights above Highway 67, first in a single horizontal arc and then in vertical parallel lines. Local pilot Steve Allen estimated that the strobe lights “spanned about a mile long and a half mile wide” traveling about 3,000 miles per hour. No sound was reported. Witnesses believed the event was reminiscent of the Phoenix Lights sightings of 1997. While the U.S. Air Force revealed weeks later that F-16s were flying in the Brownwood Military Operating Areas (just southwest of Stephenville), many townspeople didn’t buy that explanation, believeing that what they saw was too technologically advanced for current human abilities.
5. East Coast GO FAST Video (2015)
Leaked in 2017 along with the news of the Advanced Aviation Threat Identification Program, was a video that revealed an encounter between an F/A-18 Super Hornet and an unidentified flying vehicle. Seen along the East Coast on a Raytheon Advanced Targeting Forward-Looking Infrared (ATFLIR) Pod, the craft was similar to that spotted off San Diego in 2004: It was a fast-moving white oval about 45-feet-long without wings or exhaust plume. The pilots tracked the object at 25,000 feet above the Atlantic Ocean as it flew away and simultaneously rotated on its axis. Whether the vehicle was a product of another country’s technology or alien airship remains a mystery.
For more, watch the season premiere of Ancient Aliens Friday, April 27 at 9/8c on HISTORY.
Weird Space Rock Provides More Evidence for Mysterious 'Planet Nine'
Weird Space Rock Provides More Evidence for Mysterious 'Planet Nine'
By Elizabeth Howell, Space.com Contributor
The potential orbit of Planet 9, illustrated with the existing orbit of several trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs).
Credit: R. Hurt/JPL-Caltech
The solar system just got a bit stranger. As astronomers continue their ongoing quest to find the elusive Planet Nine, a team found a space rock that lends credence to the idea that a huge super-Earth planet really exists in the outer reaches of our solar system.
The newfound asteroid, called 2015 BP519, adds to a growing body of evidence about little worlds in the solar system being perturbed by something big. Astronomers detailed its discovery and description in a new paper, adding that the bizarre angle of its orbit gives more weight to the idea that a big planet is out there — somewhere — tugging on the asteroid's path around the sun.
"We also consider the long term orbital stability and evolutionary behavior within the context of the Planet Nine hypothesis, and find that 2015 BP519 adds to the circumstantial evidence for the existence of this proposed new member of the solar system," read the abstract of the paper, which is available now on preprint website Arxiv and has been submitted to The Astronomical Journal. [How Astronomers Could Actually See 'Planet Nine']
Following up on the discovery,Quanta Magazine recently published an articlesurveying several astrophysicists who specialize in studying small worlds, including the discoverers of 2015 BP519. While not everybody agreed that Planet Nine was responsible for the strange orbit, the overwhelming majority agreed the new discovery gives more credence to the idea. "The second you put Planet Nine in the simulations, not only can you form objects like this object, but you absolutely do," lead author Juliette Becker, a graduate student at the University of Michigan, told Quanta. (You can look at the object's orbit onlinehere.)
It's not the first time Planet Nine was blamed for pushing an object around. Back in 2014, before Planet Nine was officially hypothesized, astronomers Scott Sheppard and Chadwick Trujillo noticed orbital irregularities in several small bodies beyond Neptune's orbit. These included dwarf planet Sedna, a newfound object called 2012 VP113, and several other trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs).
Then, in January 2016, astronomers Konstantin Batygin and Mike Brown saw more evidence of TNOs with perturbed orbits. They were the ones who first gave "Planet Nine" a name, size and distance. They suggested that the mysterious planet could be 10 times more massive than Earth, located 600 astronomical units (AU) from the sun. (One AU is the average distance between the Earth and the sun, which is 93 million miles or 150 million kilometers.)
A possible ninth planet in the solar system, known as Planet 9, is illustrated orbiting far beyond Neptune's orbit (shown as a ring around the sun).
Credit: Tom Ruen.nagualdesign/ESO
A flood of studies followed about TNOs and how Planet Nine might have affected their orbits; the following summary is just a sampling. Not all teams were enthusiastic, with one group from the Outer Solar System Origins Survey (OSSOS) cautioning that many of these surveys could be just observational bias.
But astronomers persisted, with Sheppard and Trujillo discovering at least two new TNOs possibly affected by Planet Nine. Another study showed Planet Nine perhaps influenced the tilt of planets in our solar system. And in 2017, astronomers from the University of Madrid in Spain found peculiarities in the orbits of 22 "extreme" TNOs that orbit the sun that could also be explained by a large, distant body exerting gravitational influence. (These TNOs never get closer to the sun than Neptune — which is 30 AU away, orbiting the sun in a rough circle — and have an average distance of at least 150 AU.)
By October 2017, Batygin said, there were at least five different lines of evidence that suggest the existence of the planet. "If you were to remove this explanation and imagine Planet Nine does not exist, then you generate more problems than you solve. All of a sudden, you have five different puzzles, and you must come up with five different theories to explain them," he said in a statement.
The Alien Observatory: "Signals of Extinct Extraterrestrial Civilizations --Echo Throughout the Milky Way"
The Alien Observatory: "Signals of Extinct Extraterrestrial Civilizations --Echo Throughout the Milky Way"
“The signals will be from the civilization as it was,” said Frank Drake, creator of the famous Drake Equation. “It is not a remote possibility — it is a high probability — that signals we receive will be from a "civilization that no longer exists.”
If signals from an alien civilization ever reach Earth, odds are the aliens will already be dead. In an effort to update the 1961 Drake Equation, which estimates the number of detectable, intelligent civilizations in the Milky Way, physicist Claudio Grimaldi and colleagues calculated the area of the galaxy that should be filled with alien signals at a given point in time.
“If the civilization emitted from the other side of the galaxy, when the signal arrives here, the civilization will already be gone,” says physicist Claudio Grimaldi, of the Federal Polytechnical School of Lausanne in Switzerland.
The team, reported Science News and Mercury News, which includeed Frank Drake (now a professor emeritus at the SETI Institute in Mountain View, Calif., and the University of California, Santa Cruz), assumed technologically savvy civilizations are born and die at a constant rate. When a civilization dies out and stops broadcasting, the ghostly signals it had sent continue traveling like concentric ripples on a pond.
Electromagnetic signals (blue circles) from alien civilizations shown in the image above will continue traveling through the Milky Way even after the aliens are gone. The appearance of a doughnut hole represents when a civilization dies out.
Scientists gathered at the SETI Institute in Mountain View, California this past March to chart new approaches to answering the question: are we alone? The conference, titled “Decoding Alien Intelligence”, sought to broaden perspectives and expand the methodologies applied in the effort to detect extraterrestrial technology:
“New tools are available that can enable this approach and help us decipher the evolutionary and probabilistic nature of advanced alien life,” said organizer and SETI Institute Director Nathalie Cabrol. “We can build a new roadmap that is multidisciplinary, that opens the toolbox.”
A recently released update to the Drake Equation – a framework for discussing the probability of intelligent life existing beyond Earth – is receiving a fair bit of media buzz. The Drake equation was developed during the outset of the modern SETI field to act as a framework for the scientific community to discuss the probability of advanced extraterrestrial life. The probabilistic argument was devised by pioneer in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence, Dr. Frank Drake, who participated in the new study.
According to the study, if advanced aliens exist on the furthest edge of the galaxy from us, any signals traveling at the speed of light will not reach us for quite some time. Any signals that do reach our planet will likely be vestiges of a long dead civilization.
“The signals will be from the civilization as it was,” said Drake. “It is not a remote possibility — it is a high probability — that signals we receive will be from a civilization that no longer exists.”
There’s the chance that it’s still alive “but no longer be transmitting,” Drake said. “Or it may have changed in a very big way, such as migrating from the planet to escape its expanding star.”
Senior astronomer at the SETI Institute, Seth Shostak, still sees the value in collecting such a message: “To me, it is like finding a bottle on a beach with a note in it,” said Shostak. “It may be that whoever put the note in is long gone. But at least you know there’s somebody on the other side of the world.”
It’s important to remember that determining the longevity of a potential alien race based on the still-developing example of our own survival has a limited value, as SETI Institute's Andrew Fraknoi points out: “Until we know more about our longevity, it is pure guesswork,” he said. “Every year we don’t destroy ourselves, we add one more year to what we know civilizations can do.”
If the civilization lasted less than 100,000 years — the time it takes light to cross the galaxy — then the odds of the signals reaching Earth while the civilization is still broadcasting are vanishingly small, the researchers reported February 27 at arXiv.org. Humans, for example, have been transmitting radio waves for only about 80 years, so our radio waves cover less than 0.001 percent of the Milky Way.
Surprisingly, the team also calculated that the average number of E.T. signals crossing Earth at a given time should equal the number of civilizations currently transmitting — even if the civilizations we hear from aren’t the same ones presently broadcasting. Grimaldi is now working on a paper about what it means that we’ve found none so far.
China is taking its first steps towards the dark side of the Moon.
Image credits NASA / JPL.
The Chinese space agency is paving the way for its unmanned Moon landing. On Monday, the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation launched a Long March 4C rocket from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center. The launch, which delivered relay satellite Queqiao (Magpie Bridge), wasn’t broadcasted but went smoothly, says state news outlet Xinhua.
To boldly go
“The launch is a key step for China to realize its goal of being the first country to send a probe to soft-land on and rove the far side of the Moon,” Zhang Lihua, manager of the relay satellite project, told Xinhua.
Roughly 25 minutes after the launch, the 425kg Queqiao spacecraft separated from the rocket’s upper stage and aimed toward a halo orbit of the Earth-Moon Lagrange Point L2. It will spend the next six months undergoing tests to ensure that all onboard systems are running smoothly in preparation for its mission — relaying messages between ground control and the dark side of the Moon.
If Queqiao proves itself reliable, China will move forward with the launch of the Chang’e 4 spacecraft, scheduled for later this year. The mission — humanity’s first attempt to land on the far side of the Moon — will also include a rover intended to explore any areas of interest around the landing site.
Because the Moon’s body lies between Earth and the landing site, Queqiao will need to fly overhead and beam messages between the rover and mission control.
Apart from this, Queqiao will also carry two onboard instruments: a Dutch radio antenna, intended for the study of celestial radio signals blocked by Earth’s atmosphere, and a large-aperture laser angle reflector to measure the range between Earth and the spacecraft.
Queqiao should reach its L2 halo orbit in about eight days — fingers crossed for the little guy.
If you’ve been following the science news, you’re probably aware of the new study claiming octopuses come from outer space. “Octopuses are from space, scientists say” was one of the catchy headlines published in Australia, while The Express wrote that“Octopuses came to Earth from space as frozen eggs millions of years ago”. These aren’t two cherry-picked instances, the internet was abuzz with variations on the same theme. Unfortunately, however, this is almost certainly not the case. Let’s see what really happened.
What the study says
The new study, penned by over 30 researchers, essentially rehashes the theory of panspermia — the idea that life on Earth emerged in outer space, hitching a ride on meteorites or other objects that crashed into Earth at one point, something often referred to as the Hoyle-Wickramasinghe (H-W) thesis of cosmic biology.
The research starts from the Cambrian Explosion an event approximately 541 million years ago, during an age called the Cambrian period. The Cambrian Explosion was an age of extreme diversification of life, during which most major animal phyla started to emerge. The study’s authors question whether that happened naturally, with just the elements existing on Earth.
“One particular focus are the recent studies which date the emergence of the complex retroviruses of vertebrate lines at or just before the Cambrian Explosion of ∼500 Ma. Such viruses are known to be plausibly associated with major evolutionary genomic processes. We believe this coincidence is not fortuitous but is consistent with a key prediction of H-W theory whereby major extinction-diversification evolutionary boundaries coincide with virus-bearing cometary-bolide bombardment events,” the study reads.
Cartoonish depiction of life in the Cambrian. Alien-like? Sure! Alien? Probably not.
Image credits: Rice University.
In other words, what they’re saying is that life didn’t just emerge on its own, it was “seeded” from life-bearing comets that pummeled our planet at various times throughout history. These comets could have brought a myriad of novel life-forms from other planets, including viruses. This is one of the main assumptions of the H-W thesis — that small bodies such as asteroids and comets can protect the “seeds of life”, including DNA and RNA. So far, so good; this is a plausible idea, that has been investigated since the 1970s and continues to be analyzed by various groups. There’s not much evidence to say that it did happen, but with what we know so far, it might have happened.
Then, the authors make a big leap: if you’re not convinced by the panspermia theory, you need not look farther than the octopus. Octopuses have very complex nervous systems and big, specialized eyes — two unprecedented features.
“A second focus is the remarkable evolution of intelligent complexity (Cephalopods) culminating in the emergence of the Octopus,” the study continues.
This is where it starts to get thorny. Cephalopods, the group in which octopuses belong, did emerge in the Cambrian — the fossil records clearly suggest so. But the early cephalopods were Nautiloids, a very diverse group of creatures which exist to this day. But Nautiloids look completely different to octopuses, and they don’t share many of their impressive features. In fact, octopuses didn’t emerge until the Devonian, 323 million years ago. This means that there’s a window of over 200 million years from the Cambrian explosion to when the first true octopuses emerged, which is plenty of time to selectively develop specialized features (there are studies which say octopuses developed a bit earlier, but not significantly in this context).
Artistic depiction of Orthoceras — an early nautiloid.
Furthermore, when the octopus genome was mapped in 2015, it was shown that the nervous system genes split from the squid’s only around 135 million years ago — again, long after the Cambrian explosion. In all practicality, the evolution of the octopus was never really regarded as a mystery requiring additional explanation. This is an ancient group with some remarkable features, but these features didn’t appear in the earliest creatures, developing gradually over the course of hundreds of millions of years.
Occam’s Razor
Instead, what the new study suggests is that fertilized octopus eggs hitcher a ride aboard an icy comet and crashed into the sea at the onset of the Cambrian explosion. Alternatively, researchers write, an extraterrestrial virus infected a population of early squid, causing them to evolve in this unusual way. The genes responsible for the octopus evolution, they say, don’t appear to have come from their ancestors.
“The transformative genes leading from the consensus ancestral nautilus to the common cuttlefish to squid to the common octopus are not easily to be found in any pre-existing life form,” the study, published in Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, claims.
“It is plausible then to suggest they seem to be borrowed from a far distant ‘future’ in terms of terrestrial evolution, or more realistically from the cosmos at large.”
Again, this is technically possible. It might have happened. But that doesn’t mean it did. Occam’s razor suggests that the simpler explanation is usually the better, and this is probably the case here — there’s no reason to go and speculate about extraterrestrial origins.
It’s noteworthy that in his review of the paper, medical researcher Keith Baverstock from the University of Eastern Finland, concedes that there’s a lot of evidence that plausibly aligns with the H-W thesis, such as the curious timeline of the appearance of viruses — and yet, herein lies the problem: plausibility does not mean probability. Basically, just because something can happen doesn’t mean it did. The new paper goes to great lengths to prove that it could happen, and to open some interesting discussions. Make no mistake, this is not an amateurish study published in a predatory journal. However, the scope of the paper is oversold, and as Ken Stedman, a virologist and professor of biology at Portland State University, told Live Science, the authors didn’t carefully review existing literature, and they make extremely speculative claims.
Of course, mainstream media was all over this. The idea that life on Earth came from outer space is terribly appealing — particularly when we’re talking bizarre creatures like octopuses, and everyone gasped at the idea of an alien octopus. Unfortunately, that’s probably not the case. Octopuses are fascinating creatures, and I hope we can cherish them even if they’re not aliens.
Journal Reference:
Steele et al. “Cause of Cambrian Explosion – Terrestrial or Cosmic?”, Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2018.03.004
The immigrant in case is an asteroid. Currently nestled in Jupiter’s atmosphere, it’s the first interstellar object that resides in our solar system.
Images of 2015 BZ509 obtained at the Large Binocular Telescope Observatory (LBTO) that established its retrograde co-orbital nature. The bright stars and the asteroid (circled in yellow) appear black and the sky white in this negative image.
Credit: C. Veillet / LBTO.
Not a tourist
Last year, a different asteroid made headlines after it became the first interstellar object we’ve found in our solar system. But that was just a tourist, a passer-by — whereas this new asteroid, given the catchy name 2015 BZ509, is here to stay.
We’ve seen the object for quite some time, but its origin was only now explained. All the planets (and most of the other objects) in our solar system rotate around the Sun in the same direction — but 2015 BZ509 is different: it moves in the opposite direction, something called a ‘retrograde’ orbit.
“How the asteroid came to move in this way while sharing Jupiter’s orbit has until now been a mystery,” explains Dr Fathi Namouni, lead author of the study. “If 2015 BZ509 were a native of our system, it should have had the same original direction as all of the other planets and asteroids, inherited from the cloud of gas and dust that formed them.”
Image of stellar nursery NGC 604 (NASA/HST), where star systems are closely packed and asteroid exchange is thought to be possible.
Credit: NASA / Hubble Heritage Team (AURA/STScI).
Namouni and his colleagues used the current orbit of the asteroid to extrapolate its whereabouts and movement 4.5 billion years ago — during the early age of our solar system, when planets were still forming. They found that even then, 2015 BZ509 was moving the same way — meaning that it couldn’t have possibly formed in our solar system, and instead came from somewhere else.
In other words, 2015 BZ 509 emigrated from its parent star and settled around the Sun in a similar environment.
“Asteroid immigration from other star systems occurs because the Sun initially formed in a tightly-packed star cluster, where every star had its own system of planets and asteroids,” comments Dr Helena Morais, the other member of the team. “The close proximity of the stars, aided by the gravitational forces of the planets, help these systems attract, remove and capture asteroids from one another.”
The finding isn’t just remarkable in itself, but also sheds some important light on how our solar system form, and perhaps, how life itself emerged. Understanding exactly how and when 2015 BZ509 arrived and settled in the Solar System provides clues about the Sun’s original star nursery, and about the potential enrichment of our early environment with components necessary for the appearance of life on Earth.
The article “An interstellar origin for Jupiter’s retrograde co-orbital asteroid”, by F. Namouni & H. Morais, was published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters (2018), in press (DOI: 10.1093/mnrasl/sly057).
In the school scene in Alfred Hitchcock’s terrifying 1963 classic, The Birds, a flock of black birds rapidly multiplies, steadily filling a spooky, silent playground. Imagine that, but multiply it by thousands and whip it into a swirling funnel hundreds of feet high. That’s what an intrepid photographer captured in the stormy sky over a placid countryside in an otherworldly photo posted to Reddit’s r/WTF thread this week. The photo has been dubbed by at least one useras a “birdnado.”
Unlike the premise of Sharknado, however, this is not a flock of birds unwittingly swept up into an actual tornado. Rather, it’s far more likely to be a flock of thousands of starlings flying together in a formation known as a murmuration.
Starlings, birds common to North America and Europe, are famous for forming immense flocks, sometimes containing up to 4 million individuals. Despite their otherworldly appearance, murmurations form naturally through an oddly specific organizational mechanism that scientists laid out in a 2013 PLOS Biologypaper.
This "birdnado" is likely a flock of starlings forming a 'murmuration'.
Murmurations, the scientists write, are made possible by an individual starling’s ability to track the movements of exactly seven of their neighbors at any one time while flying in a flock. In the past, scientists had already determined that flock formation is beneficial for birds for a number of reasons, like easing the amount of energy required to travel and offering protection from predators. But the nature of how a flock forms — and stays together — was not clear. The team, focusing on starlings, knew that the birds had to strike a “balance between group cohesiveness and individual effort.”
The starlings in this birdnado manage to stay together because focusing on only the six or seven individuals in their immediate vicinity allows them to optimally “manage uncertainty” in highly uncertain environments. In other words, if a random disturbance causes the flock to shift suddenly, the flock will be optimally cohesive if every member pays attention to only the movements of its six or seven closest neighbors.
The birdnado may not be an actual natural disaster, but it can certainly be considered a storm — especially to the people who have to clean up the copious amounts of shit they’re known to leave behind. As Inversereported previously in an article on murmuration, starling guano has proven to be especially hard to deal with in Rome, where they are known to pass through:
The biggest issue is that they poop everywhere, covering streets, buildings, Vespas, and trees with thick layers of foul guano. Since the starlings feast in the copious olive groves outside of Rome, their poop is also especially oily.
Fortunately, in this apocalyptic photo, the birdnado seems to be forming over some desolate-looking fields. It’s scary-looking stuff, but fortunately, it’s far less threatening than actual tornados — though the mess it leaves in its wake likely smells far worse.
Scientists have reported the discovery of a “Trans-Neptunian object” whose orbital movements are highly unusual. Researchers suggest this strangely behaving rock could be orbiting a larger planet in deep space, bringing astronomers one step closer to finding Planet Nine.
A team of astronomers representing 35 universities and institutions announced the detection of the mystery rock this week, dubbed 2015 BP519, and have observed its eccentric orbital stability with new insight. The researchers published their dynamical analysis this week and describe the mystery rock within the context of the Planet Nine Hypothesis. The published data suggests that 2015 BP519 “adds to the circumstantial evidence for the existence of this proposed new member of the Solar System.”
The team, led by Juliette Becker of the University of Michigan, discovered 2015 BP519 by using data from the Dark Energy Survey, an ongoing project that seeks to map parts of space beyond what is known. The team had not expected to find orbiting objects in the data, let alone an object that orbits at a different angle than the known eight planets in the Solar System.
Trajectory of 2015 BP519 over its measured four-opposition arc. Red dots along the trajectory indicate points at which it was observed by the Dark Energy Survey
Whereas the known planets move along the same orbital plane due to the sun’s gravitational pull, Becker’s team says 2015 BP519 is tilted 54 degrees from that plane. This could mean that the object is influenced by a separate gravitational pull, such as a giant “ghost planet” that 2015 BP519 orbits much like a planet’s moon.
Astronomers have been searching for Planet Nine since early 2016, when astronomers Konstantin Batygin and Michael Brown from the California Institute of Technology found a group of distant objects orbiting the sun at an axis different from the known planets. These Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) created eccentric orbital patterns, leading Batygin and Brown to suggest they were being pulled by something much larger than Earth and lurking somewhere farther from the sun than Neptune.
Becker’s paper expounds on these concepts and presents new data to support the Planet Nine Hypothesis, but will still need to be peer-reviewed and formally published. While the strange orbital behavior of 2015 BP519 may not confirm the existence of Planet Nine just yet, it offers a glimpse of how little is known about deep space and will serve as an asset to the scientists actively looking for the contested ghost planet.
Wikimedia Commons/Genny AndersonEen Californische zeehaas. Ondanks de duidelijke verschillen zijn er gelijkenissen in de manier waarop de zenuwcellen van slakken en die van mensen functioneren.
WETENSCHAP In sciencefictionfilms worden al tientallen jaren herinneringen getransplanteerd. Nu zijn wetenschappers er voor het eerst echt in geslaagd bij slakken.
Amerikaanse onderzoekers konden herinneringen van de ene slak transplanteren naar een andere door ribonucleïnezuur (RNA), een vorm van genetische informatie vergelijkbaar met DNA, uit het zenuwstelsel te halen en over te plaatsen.
Een eerste groep Californische zeehazen, een soort zeeslak, was getraind om een verdedigingsreactie te ontwikkelen. De wetenschappers gaven de diertjes lichte elektroshocks aan de staart, waarop de slakken in elkaar doken. Als de onderzoekers de slakken vervolgens een tikje gaven, deden ze hetzelfde en bleven ze gemiddeld zo’n 50 seconden ineengedoken liggen. Bij de slakken die niet getraind waren, duurde dat amper een seconde.
Na de ingreep waarbij het RNA uit het zenuwstelsel van de eerste groep slakken werd overgeplaatst naar de niet-getrainde slakken, gedroegen die laatsten zich echter alsof ze hetzelfde proces ondergaan hadden. Na een tikje van de onderzoekers doken ze in elkaar en bleven zo gemiddeld 40 seconden liggen.
Een gelijkaardig effect werd vastgesteld wanneer de onderzoekers hun studie herhaalden met sensorische zenuwcellen in een petrischaaltje.
Geheugenonderzoek
Onderzoeker David Glanzman van de universiteit van Californië in Los Angeles (UCLA), die benadrukt dat de slakken tijdens het experiment geen pijn voelden, zegt dat het is “alsof we het geheugen van de slakken hebben getransplanteerd”. De studie, die gepubliceerd is in het vakblad eNeuro, kan nieuwe inzichten verschaffen over het geheugen. Meestal wordt aangenomen dat lange-termijnherinneringen opgeslagen worden in de synapsen in de hersenen, de verbindingspunten tussen zenuwcellen. “Maar dan zou ons experiment nooit hebben kunnen werken”, zegt Glanzman. De UCLA-professor heeft een eigen theorie, namelijk dat herinneringen worden opgeslagen in de kern van zenuwcellen en dat RNA een rol speelt bij geheugenvorming.
‘Het is alsof we het geheugen van de slakken hebben getransplanteerd’
David Glanzman, onderzoeker
Volgens de onderzoekers zijn de cellen en moleculaire processen bij zeeslakken vergelijkbaar met die van mensen, al heeft de slak ongeveer 20.000 zenuwcellen in zijn centraal zenuwstelsel en de mens zo’n 100 miljard. Dat het onderzoek daadwerkelijk zal leiden tot geheugentransplantaties bij mensen, is echter klein. De onderzoekers zien deze resultaten eerder als een belangrijke stap in het onderzoek naar ziektes als alzheimer en post-traumatisch stresssyndroom.
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Al gehoord van ‘laze’? Lava bereikt kust van Hawaï en dat leidt tot nieuw gevaar - HLN.be
Al gehoord van ‘laze’? Lava bereikt kust van Hawaï en dat leidt tot nieuw gevaar -HLN.be
Tessa Rens
AFP
Lava stroomt de oceaan in.
MILIEUDe autoriteiten van Hawaï maken zich grote zorgen over de hete lavastromen van de uitgebarsten vulkaan Kilauea. Die hebben intussen de Stille Oceaan bereikt en dat brengt een nieuw gevaar met zich mee. Wanneer de lava in contact komt met het koude water, ontstaat namelijk een schadelijk product.
De combinatie wordt in het Engels ‘Laze’ genoemd, een samentrekking tussen ‘lava’ en ‘haze’ (nevel). Het gaat om een bijtend product, waarbij zoutzuurgas en vulkanische gasdeeltjes in de lucht terechtkomen.
Het product kan irritatie veroorzaken aan de longen, de ogen en de huid. Bij een vorige uitbarsting in het jaar 2000 kwamen zelfs twee mensen om het leven door de lavanevel. De inwoners van het eiland krijgen daarom de raad om zo ver mogelijk weg te blijven van plaatsen waar lava de oceaan instroomt.
AP
Lava op been
De vulkaan Kilauea, een van de meest actieve vulkanen ter wereld, liet al een spoor van vernieling achter. Tientallen huizen werden opgeslokt en nog tientallen andere worden bedreigd.
Intussen is ook sprake van één zwaargewonde. Een man kreeg een klonter lava op zijn been toen hij op zijn balkon zat. De lava kwam terecht op zijn scheenbeen, en verbrijzelde alles vanaf daar tot onderaan zijn been. De man werd naar het ziekenhuis gebracht.
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Tot wel 8000 buitenaardse megastructuren in het heelal. Deze astronomen speuren naar raadselachtige Dysonbollen
Tot wel 8000 buitenaardse megastructuren in het heelal. Deze astronomen speuren naar raadselachtige Dysonbollen
Een team astronomen heeft aanwijzingen gevonden dat er in het heelal tot wel 8000 buitenaardse megastructuren rond verre sterren zijn gebouwd.
Ze analyseerden gegevens die zijn verzameld door ruimtesonde Gaia van de Europese ruimtevaartorganisatie ESA en vonden mogelijke tekenen van enorme structuren die Dysonbollen worden genoemd.
Deze Dysonbollen zouden worden gebouwd om energie aan sterren te onttrekken.
Meerdere zoektochten
Astronomen van de Universiteit van Uppsala in Zweden en de Universiteit van Heidelberg in Duitsland schreven: “De energie kan vervolgens worden gebruikt voor supercomputers, het aandrijven van vaartuigen of lange-afstandscommunicatie.
De onderzoekers merken op dat er al meerdere zoektochten zijn opgezet naar Dysonbollen, maar dat ze nog niet zijn gevonden.
Het zou veel tijd in beslag nemen om zo’n enorm object te bouwen.
8000
De astronomen zochten niet naar één gigantisch object rond sterren, maar naar een zwerm satellieten, waarbij iedere satelliet een klein deel van de straling absorbeert.
Tijdens het analyseren van de gegevens stuitten ze op duizenden kandidaten, hoewel het onwaarschijnlijk is dat ze allemaal zijn gemaakt door een buitenaardse beschaving.
Volgens de wetenschappers voldoen 8000 van de onderzochte sterren aan de criteria om omringd te kunnen worden door een Dysonbol.
Meest interessante
Een ster genaamd TYC 6111-1162-1 bleek de meest interessante individuele kandidaat te zijn voor verder onderzoek, wat betekent dat de kans het grootst is dat daar een Dysonbol kan worden gevonden.
Eerder stelden astronomen dat het vreemde gedrag van de ster KIC 8462852 kon worden verklaard door een buitenaardse megastructuur.
In 2016, Google Maps – the gift that keeps on giving when it comes to images of things that look paranormal or jsut plain weird – gave the world a strange photograph of what appeared to be a round island in a slightly larger round body of water that appeared to circling around the edge in an unexplainable manner. That island in a remote Argentine forest was dubbed “The Eye” by Argentine producer and film director Sergio Neuspiller, who found it while looking for a location to shoot a horror movie about UFOs. Although locals were familiar with the site and reported seeing bright flashes of light emitting from it that they thought might be related to a nearby Indian burial ground, the film crew was unable to hack its way through the vegetation to view it firsthand. A Kickstarter program was set up to raise the money for an expedition. That was two years ago. This week, it was reported that “new studies” found that the circular island and pond could be an “extraterrestrial base.” Did Neuspiller make it through the jungle and meet some aliens?
“The phenomenon is real and would explain several of the supernatural stories connected with the presence of UFOs in the area and other paranormal aspects.”
UFO Spain seems to be the source of the story on what it claims are new studies and new talks of an extraterrestrial base. It includes a depiction of what the base might look like and the coordinates of The Eye (34 ° 15’07.8’S 58 ° 49’47.4 “W ) so anyone can see it on Goggle Maps for themselves. (To save you some time, here’s the link. You’re welcome.)
What’s a little jungle when you’re hunting for an ET base?
The Eye is clearly visible – as is the lack of any paths through the jungle leading up to it. No roads, no fallen trees, no machete-cut paths. It’s been two years since the discovery and the Kickstarter campaign. What happened?
$9,698 pledged of $50,000 goal 157 backers 0 seconds to go Funding Unsuccessful This project’s funding goal was not reached on October 10.
Cry for Argentina because it’s definitely not Hollywood, where $50,000 is not a movie budget, it’s a bar tab. Why were these filmmakers and their proposed team of scientists and ufologists unable to raise even 20% of the funding needed to make and film their expedition to The Eye? Is The Eye or whatever is behind it somehow preventing them from further investigation? And what were the “new studies”?
“The legends told by the residents of this area of Buenos Aires leave anyone who listens to them speechless. From stories of souls in pain that roam the surroundings, to lights of extraterrestrial ships that enter the island.”
Apparently, the “new study” consisted of talking to more people in the area to get their stories and opinions on The Eye. Really? Here’s a better idea. If you can raise $10,000, that sounds like enough to rent a helicopter and fly over The Eye. Maybe even dangle a camera directly over it or drop some instruments into it. If you’re that interested in The Eye, wouldn’t you try some other ways to poke a finger into it?
Unless you truly believe it’s an ET base based solely on native legends and fear that approach would be dangerous. Then again, is it any more dangerous than showing up on the ground armed with machetes?
This isn’t Antarctica … it’s Argentina. It’s time for a better examination of The Eye.
94-year-old mathematician and theoretical physicist Freeman Dyson is the mind behind many groundbreaking mathematical concepts and theoretical technologies related to harnessing the potential of outer space. Dyson proposed the Dyson tree, a genetically-engineered plant capable of growing inside a comet, producing a breathable atmosphere and allowing humanity to transform comets into natural space stations. Dyson is perhaps more famous for his Dyson sphere concept, a hypothetical megastructure which completely surrounds stars, harnessing 100% of its radiant energy. Such a structure was suspected in the strange saga of Tabby’s Star which played out throughout 2016 and 2017.
Still kickin’ out the jams at 94.
Dyson is back in the news this year with a new proposed technology the English-born visionary believes could seed life throughout the universe. Dyson calls his idea the “Noah’s Ark Egg” and describes it as a “way of making space colonies highly cost-effective.” In an interview with influential science fiction author Neal Stephenson and Robbert Dijkgraaf, Director of the theoretical research center Institute for Advanced Study, Dyson outlined his vision for sending the eggs out into the cosmos in order to spread the Earth’s biodiversity to distant exoplanets and speed up the colonization process:
The Noah’s Ark Egg is an object looking like an ostrich egg, a few kilograms in weight. But instead of having a single bird inside, it has embryos — a whole planet’s worth of species of microbes and animals and plants, each represented by one embryo. It’s programmed then to grow into a complete planet’s worth of life. So it will cost only a few million dollars for the egg and the launch, but you could have about 1,000 human beings and all the life support, and all the different kinds of plants and animals for surviving. The cost per person is only a few thousand dollars, and it could enlarge the role of life in the universe at an amazingly fast speed.
Dyson says the technology to design these “eggs” may only be a hundred years away or so, but that many advances in embryology and robotics are needed before the eggs could be developed.
As far-fetched as the idea might sound, more and more evidence points to the idea that life on Earth may have come from space. It’s no stretch, then, to assume that it }also work the other way. Could humans seed life throughout the universe using technologies similar to Dyson’s proposed Noah’s Ark Eggs? It makes me wonder: what if one of these eggs went through a wormhole in the future and is caught in a causal loop? Could we have seeded life on Earth ourselves from the future as our planet dies around us? Has this all happened before and will it all happen again?
Nah, probably not. We all know a wizard in the sky made us with his powerful magic. Now close your eyes and thank him for your Hamburger Helper before he sends down more cancer to punish us.
Fire in the sky: Multi-colored UFO cloud appears over São Paulo, Brazil
Fire in the sky: Multi-colored UFO cloud appears over São Paulo, Brazil
A rare sky phenomenon above the state of São Paulo, Brazil has delighted people.
The multi-colored glow appeared in the sky on May 19, 2018 and it was likely a fire rainbow, which occurs when sunlight refracts through ice-crystal clouds.
Others have said it could have been cloud iridescence, which happens when water droplets or crystals scatter light, or could it be an earthquake light? Anyway it remains a very strange phenomenon.
THE ALLIES OF HUMANITY, BOOK 3 BY MARSHALL VIAN SUMMERS SEVENTH BRIEFING
We are pleased to be able to respond to these questions, for we know they are important in giving you a greater understanding. You will need this understanding now, for the world is changing and your future and destiny is before you. It is our privilege to share this greater wisdom with you. We can only hope that it can be comprehended correctly and applied correctly, for such things can be misconstrued and grave error can arise from them. Let us begin now.
“How are you different from those forces who are intervening in the world today?”
We represent those free races in your region of space who still value individual freedom and who have stayed out of the larger networks of trade and commerce conducted by nations that, though powerful, do not honor individual freedom and do not recognize the power of Knowledge in the individual as a blessing and as a great resource.
We come here not to intervene but to share our wisdom and perspective that humanity will need now to proceed with greater certainty and greater strength and understanding in its engagement with life in the universe. You cannot give yourself this education. It cannot be taught in your universities or centers of learning. Therefore, it must be given to you by others who value your presence in the universe and do not want to see you fall under the persuasion and domination of foreign powers.
Therefore, our intent is entirely different from that of the Intervention. Our societies are entirely different. Our focus and our wisdom are entirely different. If you can understand that humanity must unite itself and gather its own strength and wisdom without foreign control, then you will understand why we are not intervening in the world, but instead only offering our wisdom, perspective and guidance for you to use or not to use, as you so choose.
“What does the Intervention want here on Earth?”
The Intervention seeks to control this world and the world’s peoples. It does this not only to meet its own goals of wealth and resource acquisition, but to serve larger powers who secretly will use the Intervention to gain control of the world. These larger powers would not dare to enter the world as the Intervention is doing now, but they will use these more unscrupulous forces to achieve their own goals of influence and acquisition.
The Intervention wants a compliant humanity. It does not want a rebellious humanity, for it could not manage that. The Intervention wants humanity to work agreeably—believing in its goals, principles and promises. These, of course, are false and deceiving, and it would be the gravest of errors if humanity were to follow these mandates.
Therefore, understand that you now have competition from the universe—competition for the value and the resources of this world, its strategic position and those things that are secretly hidden here beyond human awareness, which are of immense value to those races in the universe who are aware of them.
From this point forward, you will have to defend your world from intervention and from persuasion, which can be very powerful and very influential. These powers have been exerted in our worlds to the great detriment of our peoples, and we had to fight and struggle to regain our freedom and to ward off these influences and to keep them out of our districts. It is the price in the universe where freedom is rare.
Freedom requires vigilance. Freedom requires great care and great discernment. Humanity must develop these skills and these qualities if it is to survive in a diverse and influential universe, if it is to remain free and self-determined amidst the presence of other powerful forces.
“Are any of the visitors beneficial to humanity?”
No one who is visiting your world now or in recent times is beneficial to humanity. They all represent competing forces vying for power and influence here. They are all part of the Intervention, which is made up of more than one race. If you could understand your situation more thoroughly, then you would recognize that intervention in any form is detrimental to humanity and that such intervention is being carried out for self-interest to gain control and to gain domination.
No true ally of humanity would be in the world trying to manipulate human awareness, trying to control human behavior, trying to steer human destiny to its own ends.
Therefore, you are facing an unequivocal situation. You do not have the burden of trying to tell friend from foe amongst those who are intervening in the world. That would be very difficult for you to do, given the powers of persuasion that are being placed upon humanity at this time.
You have the benefit of facing a clear and unequivocal situation. Those who are visiting your world are here to manipulate and to deceive. They feel that their goals are correct and that they more than you could rule humanity beneficially. But that is according to their values, which does not esteem in any way individual freedom, nor does it value the greater qualities of the human nature and the achievements of humanity.
“Will anyone from space come to save humanity?”
No one will come to save humanity, and those who claim to be here for this purpose represent the Intervention itself. If humanity is ever to become strong and self-determined in the universe, it must save itself. What it needs from other races in the universe is the kind of wisdom and guidance we are providing through these sets of Briefings. This is what any other society in the universe who cares about humanity’s future and freedom could give in a world where a divided humanity is struggling with itself, despoiling its world and under-mining the three basic achievements that are necessary for freedom: unity, self-sufficiency and discretion.
Do not think that others will come here to save humanity, for they will come here to save the world for themselves, and humanity will be but a resource they will use to achieve their own goals. Do not be foolish and naïve. Do not think that other races would expend the energy and invest themselves to such a great degree just to assure your freedom, for such an investment must be for their own purposes. This requires careful thought and consideration on your part, a very sober approach and a greater objectivity.
“If conquest is not allowed in this region of space, how can an Intervention occur and be successful?”
Conquest is not allowed in this region of space, so other means are sought through inducements, through the offering of gifts of technology and through persuading a native race that it alone cannot govern itself or assure its own future. It is these same persuasions that humanity places upon itself through its commercial and political persuasions.
Humanity has a greater destiny and a greater potential. Humanity can establish a sustainable use of this world. It can establish this security and stability, but it will have to proceed very differently than it is proceeding now. Otherwise, it will think that others will come to give it gifts, to uplift its science and technology, to show it how to live in peace.
But this is where you are vulnerable and fall easily under foreign persuasion. For such a peace does not exist amongst those who are intervening in the world. And there is no free energy in the universe that is truly free.
They will come to exploit you and to take advantage of your expectations and your naiveté. Therefore, you must be very wary here and very cautious. It is these powers of persuasion and powers of influence in the mental environment that will have such a great impact upon human thinking, human expectations and human emotions.
Here you either make yourself available to such persuasion, or you recognize you must resist it. Here humanity’s approach will make all the difference, for truly a small non-military force could gain ascendancy in the world without the use of force. It could do this through the power of persuasion and by offering the native people things that they think they want. This is how native peoples have been seduced throughout human history by other intervening powers. Now you are facing intervening from the universe, whose persuasion is much more sophisticated and much more powerful. If you are in their proximity, they can control your thinking, your feelings and your perception. This is the power they have of influence in the mental environment.
You can withstand this power because of the presence of Knowledge within yourself, the Knowledge that the Creator of all life has placed within you. For it cannot be persuaded. It cannot be deceived. And it cannot be corrupted. You will need to gain access to this greater Knowledge if you are to remain free and to develop wisdom and maturity in the Greater Community.
“What role, if any, do our governments play in assisting the activities of the Intervention?”
Some governments have assisted the Intervention, only to find it is working against them, and that it is deceptive and untrustworthy. Major governments in the world today have had contact in the past and have made certain agreements to allow the Intervention to function here in exchange for certain kinds of technology. But this has given license to a very dangerous intrusion into the human world and into human societies. Its influence is considerable and is directed to those individuals who are deemed to be the most compliant and the most easily persuaded.
But in recent times, there has been a shift to influence those in positions of leadership in commerce, for they are not accountable to the public. They are unelected and go largely unrecognized by the human population. They garner tremendous wealth, and they do not claim to have great scruples, such as your elected officials might proclaim. They can operate in secrecy, with very little accountability to anyone.
There has been a change, therefore, in the Intervention’s emphasis to move towards individuals in positions of leadership in commerce, particularly regarding resource acquisition and distribution. For these individuals hold great power in these arenas and are far more easily persuaded. Your people know not of what is occurring in your midst.
“Are any of the world’s governments resisting the Intervention?”
Yes, the United States and Russia are resisting the Intervention. That is one of the reasons they have ceased their competition that was so destructive over many decades. They are more cooperative now, for they realize they need one another to be successful in offsetting the impacts and the persuasion that is being cast upon humanity.
There are smaller governments assisting now, but primarily it is these two greater powers that hold such great military strength and persuasion in the world. It is they who had fallen under alien deception, and it is they who have now turned against the Intervention. That is why our contact on Earth, Marshall Vian Summers, can receive this information and can receive our Briefings and counsel without fear of government suppression. He is being watched, we are sure, though we cannot tell to what extent.
He is providing a service not only to the peoples of the world, but also to those governments who are aware of the Intervention and who are now opposing its presence and its activities in the world.
“Human scientists say that no one can travel faster than the speed of light. Therefore, how is it possible that the Intervention can come here or even that you could come here?”
This premise is certainly one that limits human understanding. If you could not travel faster than these speeds, you could not travel in space at all, and that perhaps is the assumption of many who still think that this is a barrier that cannot be surpassed.
Even before there were any human civilizations in the world, space travel was underway to a very large and sophisticated extent. You can travel faster than the speed of light and counteract its effect on time and aging, and this has been practiced far longer than any human civilization.
But travel is not as fast as you might think or imagine. It still takes time to travel between solar systems—sometimes, in your estimation and time frame, days and weeks or even months, depending on the distance one has to traverse. This, of course, would be astoundingly fast according to your notion, but you are still crawling along at a slow pace while other nations have been engaged in commerce, trade and travel for hundreds of thousands of your years, even in your region of space.
You do not live in some newly developed part of the universe. There has been a long history in this region, longer even than we can account for—a history of early war, conquest and conflict. This has been surpassed by a greater unity, a great network of trade and a great network of control—which has suppressed war and conflict, but which has also suppressed freedom and self-determination amongst its participating nations.
Therefore, you must consider that this barrier, called the speed of light, is something that humanity, in some distant future, will be able to overcome. Even on its own it will find a way to do this. But surely it cannot hold to such a limit as being defining. For we have come to be near the Earth, and now we are far away from the Earth, and the Intervention has come to intervene in the world, which it is doing now ever so greatly with each passing year. Trade and commerce is going on in many regions inside the galaxy, and we may only assume in other galaxies as well. So never think that technology in the universe is limited by human understanding or accomplishment.
“When will humanity be able to travel outside this solar system?”
Your travel outside this solar system may be possible within the next two centuries, but we say “may be possible” because you will have to face the great environmental change that is occurring in your world, which has the power to undermine human civilization. And you also have to face the consequences of intervention in your world, which could usurp human authority here and place humanity under foreign control and domination. Either of these two events could alter the course of human destiny thoroughly, could stifle and control humanity’s accomplishments and its destiny as a free and self-determined peoples in the universe.
Therefore, there are great dangers facing you now, and that is why our Briefings are so important and why we have been called by greater Spiritual Powers to come to the Earth to deliver our messages to a worthy world and a worthy people.
“You speak of individual freedom being rare in the universe. Why is this so?”
Freedom is difficult to cultivate. It can be unruly and disorganized. It can lead to dangerous individual assertions. It can have disastrous consequences if it is not governed wisely and conscientiously. It is far easier for nations to exert control and to establish authority over their peoples and societies. That is why most nations choose this easier and more expedient path, even though it leads to a far less productive and creative outcome.
Freedom is difficult to cultivate even on an individual level. It requires responsibility. It requires awareness. It requires wise governance and counsel. It requires a wise leadership and a willing and educated population. These things are all very challenging to establish, and that is why many nations choose the alternative route to stability.
We believe, however, that the path of individual freedom leads to a stronger nation and to greater creativity and accomplishments amongst its citizens for the benefit of all. We believe that repressive societies, though they may be common in the universe, do not have this creativity and cannot benefit from the wisdom and the greater purpose that each person carries. Thus, their achievements are limited, and they tend to copy one another, for they are not creative. New technology, new wisdom and new ways of creative social governance are not established in these nations. They are conservative, and they resist progressive thinking and progressive accomplishments.
Here humanity must see that it has one of two pathways to follow in establishing greater security and stability in the world. It will either create a repressive regime that will enforce order and stifle the creativity and freedom of individuals. Or it will choose the more difficult path of establishing a freer, more creative and more productive society.
It is our hope and wish that humanity will choose the path of freedom and build the freedom that it has already established in many parts of the world. It has of course, a long way to go in doing this, and it is not an easy task. But now with the prospect of diminishing resources in the world and the presence of intervening, manipulative forces, humanity faces a great challenge in this regard.
You can never take your freedom for granted in the universe. Freedom is a privilege and not merely a right. It must be built with strength and wisdom, and it must be protected with vigilance, always.
“If you were caught by the Intervention, what would happen to you and would there be consequences for your own worlds?”
If we were to be caught by the intervening forces, we would be tortured and exposed to cruel punishment to extract from us any information that we might have. Our home worlds would be discerned, and great external pressure would be brought to bear upon the leaders of our nations regarding our presence and influence here in the world. For our worlds have established agreements of non-interference in regions outside of our own, and this is what gives us our autonomy, an autonomy that is always fragile and under scrutiny for the possibility of revision.
According to our agreements, we are not allowed to be in the vicinity of your world giving such counsel, even if we are not directly intervening. But we are nearby, and our purpose is noble and worthy and guided by a greater Source. So certainly we would be tortured and destroyed, those of us who are gathered for this purpose. And our worlds would come under greater scrutiny and tremendous pressure, and our contracts guaranteeing our autonomy would be threatened and challenged.
This would be grave for our leadership. Therefore, we act with the greatest secrecy. That is why we do not describe our appearance. That is why we do not give our names, describe our worlds or tell you where our worlds reside. It is of the utmost importance to us that these things remain secret. We have not even revealed them to our contact here on Earth. Nor would we do so. For any human mind can be interfered with, and its understanding can be extracted by those intervening forces in the world now.
Therefore, you must understand the importance of discretion. That is why it is one of the three requirements for establishing and maintaining freedom in the universe: unity, self-sufficiency and discretion. You are only at the beginning of learning about the power of the mental environment. You are only beginning to learn how other races can gain access to human wisdom and understanding. You are only beginning to realize how much your freedom will have to be guarded and protected if it is to be sustained in a universe where freedom is rare.
“The Briefings state that the Intervention is promoting human conflict. How does it do this? Can you give us an example of what you have seen so far?”
You have but to promote religious extremism and nationalism and to convince the leaders and persuasive individuals that other peoples represent their enemy and a threat. You have only to project the images of spiritual saints and emissaries proclaiming the need to overcome adversaries. This is how the Intervention can promote conflict in the world. The United States’ engagement and its war in the nation of Iraq is a very good example of leaders being persuaded to do something that is utterly foolish, to engage in an intractable conflict with no certain outcome, committing so much of its resources, even risking world opinion to engage in this manner. Other nations, particularly nations that are powerful and influential, will be engaged in this way through persuasion by the Intervention—to diminish their power, to diminish their influence, to diminish the morale of their own peoples and to diminish their economies. For the Intervention needs humanity to decline in order to present itself as truly beneficial to human destiny.
Therefore, the Intervention will seek to weaken the strongest powers to degrade their influence in the world and to create an overall situation where the Intervention will be deemed truly valuable, and its counsel and its guidance will be attended to and followed.
“You also indicate that the Intervention is pacifying people. How can it pacify people and yet promote human conflict?”
The Intervention is pacifying certain populations—the young people, the educated, those who are spiritually inclined, those who could not be encouraged to wage war or conflict against others. Those who could be the greatest emissaries for the Intervention will be pacified and directed. They will believe in the new leadership. They will believe that the Intervention is here to save a struggling and declining humanity.
Those who cannot be pacified can be encouraged to engage in their ancient animosities and their distrust of their neighbors, and to fortify their resistance and hostility towards their historic enemies. Lands can be contested. Resources will be contested increasingly. Even within nations, there will be groups who will arise, who will seek to destabilize and overtake those nations. Many groups will be governed by religious ideology, governed not only by the defaults of human nature, but also by the influence and guidance exerted by the Intervention itself.
“Is the Intervention manipulating food production or any other industries here on Earth?”
The Intervention does not need to manipulate food production, as it is declining as a result of humanity’s impact on your own environment. Other industries, such as the military industries—industries that supply and support military efforts and military adventures—these are certainly being encouraged. There are forces encouraging human conflict. This represents the impact of the Intervention. While there is an incentive for peace, there is also an incentive for conquest. That is why many nations are building their military capacity. At least they were when we were last in the vicinity of your world, and we must assume that this is continuing.
This is not only the result of human mistrust and human fear. It also represents the impact of the Intervention. The Intervention is not threatened by your weapons. Only nuclear power and nuclear weapons threaten its existence here. And these things cannot be used without great consequence to the welfare and to the future of humanity.
The Intervention is using power in the mental environment—the powers of persuasion, powers which humanity is only beginning to discern and to understand. Humanity still thinks that military power will determine its fate and its future, but in a universe of greater skill and greater influence, this will not prove to be effective. This represents a new threshold of learning and accomplishment for the human family.
“Can you reveal where the Intervention bases on Earth are so that we can shut them down?”
We do not have full knowledge of this. Certainly, the first bases were established in the oceans and shallow waters, away from the presence of human military forces—in the Arctic regions and in areas where there is no military establishment. Bases underground, which are far more difficult to establish, have been built in mountain regions. Transmitters have been established in mountain regions, which have cities at their base—transmitters to affect the mental environment and pacify the public. This represents one of the efforts of the Intervention.
We do not know where all of these transmitters have been placed, but we do know they are being used. We do not know where all the bases have been established, particularly on land. We were never near enough to the surface of the Earth to be able to witness these things ourselves and can only understand their existence by deciphering the transmissions of the Intervention. Yet it is enough for you to know that such bases exist here and that there is a significant alien presence in the world. It is not a military presence. It represents the skillful use of commercial forces by those who have gained power and influence in the mental environment.
You will have to change your understanding of the use of power to realize how strong an influence this is and how much more effective it is towards establishing your goals and priorities than the exertion of military power. The exertion of military power is restrained in your world, and it is greatly suppressed in this part of the galaxy.
“If the Intervention is overcome, what should humanity do with all the individuals who are a result of the hybridization program?”
If the Intervention can be overcome, you will face future interventions. But regarding the presence of such individuals, you will have to reincorporate them into the human society, and that will require a great investment of time and energy. These individuals will actually be able to be beneficial participants in society, but their understanding and the influences upon them will have to change remarkably.
Some could become wise seers. But it is their allegiance to humanity that will have to be fully established, and they will have to learn to shield themselves from the effects of the Intervention, which can influence them even if the Intervention is not present in the world. For in space, influence in the mental environment can accrue over vast distances. Once influence has been established, this can take place.
This will be a challenge. These individuals can become beneficial to humanity if their allegiance can be placed here and if persuasions upon them can be minimized or eliminated.
“Inter-dimensional travel seems to be the fastest way to get around in space. Why is it not being used?”
Inter-dimensional travel, though greatly promising, has proven to be disastrous, for you cannot control your reentry, and even if you could find one of the portals, which are constantly in motion, you would not be able to ascertain where you would emerge—into what kind of physical environment or physical condition you would find yourself. That is why so many craft that have attempted this transference have never returned.
The portals remain a mystery. Interdimensional travel remains a hypothesis. We know that certain races have been able to bridge the gulf between dimensions. They have been able to communicate from the other dimension, but they were not able to return, and contact with them was short lived, leading to an uncertain outcome.
Humanity hopes and believes that such things will be available to it so that it can travel anywhere it wants, to move across the galaxy in an instant, to emerge in any environment. But the reality of the Greater Community will change these notions, will temper your ambitions and will show you a very different reality than the one that you imagine for yourself.
Even if you could emerge through such travel, you would end up in the vicinity of foreign worlds with whom you do not have relations or in physical environments that are entirely hazardous. You would have no way of charting a corridor route there unless you had allies existing in that region. And such alliances would be very difficult to establish, for no race wants to be intruded upon by races from afar in this manner. This would be a challenge to their security and to their network of local trade. They would be greatly threatened by the appearance of a foreign race with whom they had no history or relations.
You have but to think of these things more carefully, more objectively, to see and to understand what we are conveying to you. This requires a serious consideration. Otherwise, you will continue to indulge in fantasies of high technology and instantaneous space travel. But you will have to face a very different reality as you emerge into a Greater Community of life.
“Many people here on Earth would love to travel to other worlds and meet other races there, yet you indicate that this would be very limited. Why is this the case?”
Most nations do not welcome visitation unless it is from those who are its longstanding trading partners, and even here visitation will be limited, for societies do not want to be influenced by other societies. Certainly any free nation would not be welcome to visit a nation that is not free.
Then there is the problem of biological contamination. We can think of no world where humanity would be welcome at all given the biological reality of your world and the tremendous threat it could impose upon a foreign world. They are not prepared to deal with the innumerable biological agents and influences that exist here, and to receive an emissary from Earth would be a very challenging prospect for them.
If they were not a free society, they would not be interested in your individual expressions. They would be threatened by your music and your art. They would not want these influences to be exerted upon their cultures. They would not want their own populations to witness you or to understand you, for in this, you would be a great threat to them and to all they have invested in establishing their highly controlled societies.
You would not be able to reach other nations because you would have to cross territories owned by others. You would have to use trade routes governed by trading authorities. You would have to make agreements and compromises. You would have to come to terms with many other powers just to travel freely in this region of space. If you traveled outside these established routes, you would always face the danger of piracy. You would also face the danger of becoming lost.
Even amongst our worlds, we would not welcome human visitation at this time, for you are not yet wise enough, united enough or discerning enough for us to establish active relations with you. That is why no one should be intervening in the world. No one should be attempting to establish relations with the human family, and those that do are here for their own purposes, to establish their own quest for power and domination.
You, who are naïve and do not understand the realities of life and travel in the universe, have yet to see these things clearly. But if you think carefully about this, you will understand. There are nations even within your own world that you could not visit freely at this moment because they are not free, because they would not welcome your influence and your presence in their midst. Though such nations are few, their examples serve to illustrate what we are saying.
The universe is far more diverse, and its societies are far more different from one another than anything you have established here on Earth. Races are far more different from each other. And trust in relations can take a very long time to establish and is always maintained with great scrutiny and care. This represents the reality that you will face as you emerge into this larger arena of life.
“It appears very likely that we will run out of at least some of our essential resources in the near future. How can human civilization continue if we do not receive technology and assistance from our neighbors in space?”
If you seek to gain technology and assistance, you will be drawn into the persuasions, requirements and the commercial trade networks of other nations. They will limit your freedom. They will limit what you can do here on Earth. They will influence the kind of societies you will create in the future and will greatly limit the freedom allowed your citizens. You would give up so much for this technology and assistance. You do not yet realize what a great loss this would be and how much humanity would lose in the exchange.
You have enough here on Earth if humanity will govern itself wisely and if nations will cooperate sufficiently to preserve the resources of the world and to use them in a sustainable manner. You will need to build new technology, but even more than technology, you will need the will and the cooperation to do this.
Over time, humanity will have to find beneficial and humane ways of limiting its population and limiting its consumption. It would be a very different world than the world you live in today, which is based upon the desire and the expectation of endless growth and expansion.
To be self-sufficient is one of the requirements for freedom. For humanity to be self-sufficient in this world would require a very different creation of society and a very different set of priorities for your leaders and your citizens.
What will bring about this great change but necessity itself? You are facing great change in the world—great environmental change, great change that all advancing technological societies have had to face or will have to face inevitably in their evolution. It is how you recognize and prepare for this, how you respond to this and what kind of society you build, whether it be free or repressive, that will determine the future of human existence in this world.
“Are there many worlds such as ours in space?”
There are many worlds that have been stripped of their natural resources and have become barren as a result. Certainly, terrestrial worlds such as yours are rare, maybe one out of five or six thousand planets contain the biological diversity that you enjoy and take for granted here in your world. That still accounts for many planets in the universe. But such planets are always occupied, are always valued and the native races always have to defend their rights, their privileges and their stewardship as they begin to emerge into the Greater Community.
Terrestrial planets create biological hazards for visitors. And that is why colonization is usually attempted once the native race has either established a usable network that the visitors can use, such as is the case here on Earth, or have destroyed themselves through conflict and war, leaving an open door for intervention to occur, even military intervention. Military intervention is allowed in this region of space under such conditions. This represents part of the ethics of contact that are assumed and are practiced by many nations in this part of the Greater Community.
“Many people conclude that the visitors are beneficial because they haven’t already attacked us and taken over. What would you say to this?”
The Intervention is not here to attack humanity but to persuade humanity. The Intervention needs a compliant humanity to work for it and to engage with it to become part of its Collective. This assumption that humanity would be attacked and overtaken is entirely wrong. It is how you view gaining access to new lands and new resources.
But even in your modern world, economic, more than military, forces are used to gain acquisition to resources, and this is what is happening to the world regarding its relations in space. You are encountering small, economic Collectives who are here to begin the process of acquisition that larger nations can assume later on, if the Intervention is successful in establishing its presence and its power in your world.
To think that you would be attacked is wrong, and to think that because you have not been attacked that the forces that are here are beneficial is wrong. Both are based upon false assumptions. Therefore, the conclusions are incorrect.
Humanity, living so long in isolation and being so warlike yourselves, is certainly likely to make such assumptions and to continue to believe in them and to uphold them. It is human ignorance that gives rise to such things, and human arrogance as well. For you may be preeminent in your own world, but you have no preeminence in the Greater Community, and you are not looked upon favorably by your nearest neighbors because of your warlike tendencies and destructive use of your environment.
Those neighbors who are not free will look upon the freedoms that you have cultivated thus far with great anxiety and with great concern, not wanting these influences to be exerted within their own worlds. You have no idea what your music and your dance could evoke in such worlds and why they are viewed as a threat to those controlling powers that dominate them.
“How do free races maintain their autonomy and keep races that are not free from interfering?”
Ah, this is the challenge! This is the challenge that awaits you if you are able to offset the Intervention that is occurring in the world today. The interest in your world will not cease, and attempts to influence you will continue. How would you keep such influences at bay? For free races living in larger neighborhoods of worlds that are not free, often this requires the signing of non-interference contracts, which stipulate generally that the free nations will not participate beyond their boundaries and areas or regions of influence. They will not try to exert or promote their freedom abroad. In exchange for this, other nations agree to stay out of their areas of influence and to not contact them directly.
So various kinds of contracts like this are often made in highly inhabited regions of space, but such contracts are subject to change and reevaluation, and that is why the free nations do not travel beyond their districts or seek to promote freedom abroad. For that would violate their own autonomy and their own insulation from the Greater Community itself.
In areas where there is not a large concentration of nations, free nations will have to maintain their security through military means, aggressively challenging anyone who would come into their vicinity.
This is less desirable, of course, but in sparsely populated regions in uncharted territories, this is definitely required. Everyone in the universe is looking for resources. Many in the universe want to have influence over other nations. Even in largely inhabited regions such as this, these desires and these needs continue.
Therefore, it is a tenuous balance that a free nation or a group of free nations must establish in order to keep the Greater Community out of their territories and to prevent the kind of intervention that is occurring in the world today.
Humanity still thinks the universe is a great empty place awaiting exploration, awaiting colonization, with infinite resources there for the taking, if only humanity can establish a sufficient technology to gain access to them. Yet these assumptions all stem from your isolation and your profound ignorance about the nature of life, commerce and interactions in the Greater Community.
We understand this, and we do not condemn you for it, for we too had many of the same assumptions before contact with the Greater Community began for us, before intervention was attempted in our worlds. Since then, we have established greater autonomy, but it must be guarded carefully, both in the physical environment and in the mental environment.
Other nations employ seers who try to see into our worlds, to see what kind of technology we are producing and to see where our power and our weakness reside. We must offset these intrusions in the mental environment with seers of our own, who are guided by Knowledge, who would obstruct this kind of intervention in the mental environment.
This is all a new frontier to you and to human science and to human religion. Power in the mental environment in many ways can be equivalent to power in the physical environment, and the dangers and defenses that must be established here are significant. This is the price of freedom in the universe—constant vigilance, constant care and great responsibility.
“You keep mentioning that Knowledge is the most powerful force in the universe. How can that be true when there are so many other powerful forces to deal with?”
Knowledge represents the power to see, to know and to act with certainty. It also represents the power to resist persuasion, deception and influence in the mental environment. The individual or the nation that has this strength has the power to resist intervention and to comprehend the intentions and the activities of other nations who might be threatening to its freedom or existence.
It is the ultimate form of intelligence, you see, and seers who are guided by Knowledge are more powerful than seers who are not. Here you are able to discern the future and future events before they happen, with varying degrees of accuracy. Here you are able to discern the intentions of others and the capabilities of others without the use of technology. Here you can pretend to be weak when in fact you are really strong. Here you can appear to be non-aggressive when in fact you can be incisive in your inquiries. Here you can be well protected and well defended without requiring a great military force or infrastructure. Here you can make wise decisions regarding your relations with other nations even if their intentions are questionable or uncertain. Here you can engage in diplomacy with other nations with far more certainty than you would have otherwise.
It is this power and this Knowledge that humanity will need if it is to gain the strength and commitment to establish greater unity amongst its nations and the wise and sustaining use of the world. This will overcome greed and avarice. This will overcome competition, conflict and war. This will overcome grievance and hatred and inequality.
That is why Knowledge is the greatest power in the universe. It is a power that the Intervention is not using, or it would not be here engaged in the activities it is undertaking. This is the power that will give humanity the power to offset intervention and to prevent future interventions. This is the power to give humanity the stability to establish a new world with far greater equanimity and equality, justice and freedom.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
GRAND CANYON UFO CRASH SITE – THE 4000 YEAR OLD SECRET
GRAND CANYON UFO CRASH SITE – THE 4000 YEAR OLD SECRET
Over the last few months I have stumbled upon several articles relating to a possible Grand Canyon UFO crash site. We decided to gather what little we could find on the subject and cover the case in the article below.
See what you think…
The Vessel
Several months ago a specialized team of experts were apparently hired to examine debris found at the Grand Canyon. When they arrived at the scene they were said to have discovered the body of a UFO that had rested there for over 4,000 years.
The team of experts were thought to be the core of a secret joint military task force on UFOs.
The craft they located was constructed out of an unknown metallic substance and also showed signs of low levels of radiation. Once found it was quickly removed to a secure military location.
A California based astronomer named Dr. Henry Leaumont claims to have inside information on the Grand Canyon UFO crash site. He believes that the craft was of a decent size and able to carry about twenty individuals of a certain height.
He also believes that the carbon dating on the ship indicates that it crashed around the 2,000 B.C. period.
Inside The Vessel
When experts finally managed to get inside the craft they discovered that the cabin area was designed for humanoids of about 4-5 foot in height. There were machines that resembled oxygen tanks and there were signs of old supplies ( food and water ).
The vessel was atom powered and had a steering system that was based on magnetic steering.
Comanche Point
The UFO was apparently located in an area known as Comanche Point – it was lodged deep inside a limestone formation.
When the experts carried out a thorough search of the area they determined that the inhabitants of the vessel lived near it for years after the crash.
Comanche Point – Grand Canyon
Nearby Indian caves show paintings of strange humanoid creatures with bulbous heads. These illustrations are thought to depict the creatures from inside the craft.
The experts believe that the all the alien life disappeared from the surrounding area about 50 years after the initial crash landing. They have no idea what might of happened to the beings that had lived around the fallen vessel.
The Grand Canyon UFO Crash Site
Dr. Henry Leaumont goes on to explain that the craft measured approximately 50 feet widewith a length of at least 100 feet.
He also claims that the American government are doing all they can to keep this amazing find from the public.
What are your thoughts on Dr. Henry Leaumont’s claims? Please leave your opinions in the comment section below.
Life On Mars? Scientists Say There May Be 12,000 Olympic-Sized Pools Of Organic Matter On Mars
Life On Mars? Scientists Say There May Be 12,000 Olympic-Sized Pools Of Organic Matter On Mars
A new study published by scientists from the Imperial College London suggests there could be as much as 12,000 Olympic sized pools of organic matter on the red planet.
After examining Dorset’s acidic stream, scientists believe there could be as much as 12,000 Olympic sized pools of organic matter on the red planet.
Based on analysis of acidic streams in St. Oswald’s Bay on the Jurassic Coast in Dorset, England, scientists believe up to 12,000 Olympic sized pools of organic matter may exist on the red planet. Experts say that modern-day streams found in Dorset are similar to Mars0 ancient waterways.
Scientists studied acidic streams in Dorset because they are ‘eerily similar’ to the environment on Mars, billions of years ago.
Image Credit: Shutterstock.
The study from Imperial College London has found traces of fatty acids—a key ingredient in the development of life, on the Jurassic Coast in Dorset’s acidic streams.
By applying their discovery from Dorset to Mars, experts say that there could be around 12,000 Olympic sized pools of organic matter on Mars, bearing traces of past life on the red planet.
Dorset’s acidic sulfur streams are home to bacteria capable of surviving extreme conditions. These precise conditions say scientists may have been present on the surface of Mars in the distant past.
Scientists from Imperial College London examined the organic matter preserved in rock deposits near Dorset.
Water existed on Mars billions of years ago.
It is believed that an iron-rich mineral called goethite—which transforms to hermatite—is the reason why Mars is gifted with its traditional red color.
Professor Mark Sephton Sephton from Imperial’s Department of Earth Science & Engineering said: “We thought that if these iron-rich minerals harbor traces of life on Earth, then they might hold clues to past microbial life on the Red Planet.”
Scientists believe if the iron-rich minerals harbored traces of life on Earth, these may also hold important clues of possible past microbial life on the surface of Mars.
Speaking about the new study and what it implies, co-author Jonathan Tan, from the Department of Earth Science & Engineering said:
“St Oswald’s Bay is a present-day microcosm of middle-aged Mars. As the acid streams dry up, like during Mars’ “drying period,” they leave goethite minerals behind which preserve fatty acids that act as biological signatures.”
Water On Mars
According to Professor Sephton, the red planet had water billions of years ago, and it is possible that life, as we know it, may have thrived on Earth’s neighboring planet.
“Mars harbored water billions of years ago, meaning some form of life might have thrived there. If life existed before the water dried up, it would probably have left remains that are preserved to this day in Martian rock. We have yet to find convincing traces of organic matter that would indicate previous life on the Red Planet – but now we know which rocks to focus on,” explained Professor Sephton.
To test out their theory, the researchers are looking to the next life-searching mission to Mars, Mars 2020, to look for these dried streams and examine the sediment for possible traces of fatty acids.
London has three times more UFO sightings than any other UK town or city — with 336 incidents since 2001
London has three times more UFO sightings than any other UK town or city — with 336 incidents since 2001
Celebrity UFO believers include Robbie Williams, Shaun Ryder and Kim Wilde - who had a close encounter in her back garden in 2009.
EXCLUSIVE
By Sarah Ridley
LONDON is the UFO capital of the UK with THREE times more sightings than any other town or city.
New statistics show that 336 UFO incidents have been officially reported there since 2001 - with a host of celebs including David Bowie, Robbie Williams and Prince Philip among the believers.
GETTY
London has more UFO sightings than any other UK city
Manchester is the second with 110 close encounters while there were 79 in Birmingham and 56 in Liverpool.
North of the border Glasgow topped the list with 69 and Cardiff logged 35 reports.
Overall the UK is the third highest in the world for UFO sightings with 5,234 reports in the past 16 years.
The US has had the most sightings with 139,876 - the equivalent of one report every hour.
GETTY IMAGES - GETTY
Robbie Williams is among the celebs who have said they believe in UFOs
Canada is second with 5,780.
Mexico had 607 and India 574.
New York based journalist Cheryl Costa revealed the latest figures after reports flooded into the Mutual UFO Network - the world’s biggest civilian UFO group - and the National UFO Reporting Centre.
Many could be explained as aircraft misidentifications or natural phenomena but around five per cent remain unsolved and defy explanation.
She said: "Top investigators with MUFON tell me about 5 per cent of annual reported UFO sightings fall in this mysterious unknown category.
"Percentage wise that means nationally we have about 500 of these mysterious unknown events yearly, with an average of about 40 per month.
"That's a big deal.”
GETTY - CONTRIBUTOR
UFO sightings usually peak at the end of autumn
Top British UFO hunter Philip Mantle, former director of investigations for the British UFO Research Association, receives reports on a daily basis - some dating back decades.
Philip, 60, of Pontefract, West Yorks, said: “UFO reports in the UK have been coming in at a steady rate compared to other years.
“The peak in UFO sightings is usually at the end of autumn.
"Why this is no one knows.
“The witnesses to these events are usually encouraged to report an old UFO sighting when they see something else.
“I personally have received, this year, a mixture of old and new UFO reports.
STONE - GETTY
British UFO hunter Philip Mantle receives reports on a daily basis - some dating back decades
“Most of the reports that have landed in my office have come from the north-east of England during February and March. Why these are, again, no one knows.
“The oldest report that I've personally received dates back to 1955 from Batley in West Yorkshire."
Cheryl reckons the best time to see a UFO is on a Saturday - by the seaside or a lake.
She added: “People ask me all the time how they can see UFOs, I tell them to turn off their phones and stop yakking.
“Five per cent of people filing a UFO report neglect to enter the city where it was seen.
Another thing we discovered is the vast amount of UFO sightings are around great lakes and sea coasts.
Happy Mondays singer Shaun Ryder wrote a book about UFOs called 'What Planet am I on?'
GETTY - CONTRIBUTOR
Kim Wilde claims she saw a UFO in 2009 over her garden
“Saturday is the top day of the week for sightings. And drugged and drunk people don’t fill out UFO reports."
Eastenders hardman Danny Dyer once made a documentary on BBC3 called 'Danny Dyer: I believe in UFOs' in which he referred to aliens as "that mob up there”.
Shaun Ryder, lead singer of the Happy Mondays, made his own documentary and wrote a book about UFOs called 'What Planet am I on?'.
He travelled around the UK, America and South America in his quest for the truth.
Paul O'Grady recently admitted he spotted several UFOs hovering over his house in Kent.
The Blind Date host told his Radio 2 listeners he was "terrified" of waking up to be greeted by alien beings.
And 80s singer Kim Wilde claims she saw a UFO in 2009 over her garden which inspired her pop comeback with her new album Here Comes the Aliens.
Railway workers left shaken by mysterious fleet of 10 UFOs above skies in Miami
Mankind Threatens To Destroy A Third Of Earth’s Protected Areas
Mankind Threatens To Destroy A Third Of Earth’s Protected Areas
And it’s some worrying sh*t.
Up to 32.8 percent of protected land on our planet is already highly degraded due to human activity and infrastructure.
“It is time for the global conservation community to stand up and hold governments to account so that they take the conservation of their protected areas seriously…”
Scientists have recently come to the conclusion that a third of the world’s protected areas are under intense human pressure. Our way of life is directly threatening a third of our planets protected areas that have been set aside for wildlife.
The latest study suggests the human race is in need of ‘a stunning reality check’ for causing a ‘biodiversity crisis’.
Cities, towns, and rural industries have made a nearly irreparable damage.
Published in Science, the new study draws much-needed attention to human impact in the world most vulnerable, protected areas.
Shocking Discoveries
The research, led by the University of Queensland, Australia, found that six million square kilometers of protected land–equivalent to two thirds the size of China, or an area twice as large as Alaska –are in a state in which they are unlikely to conserve the biodiversity at risk.
Scientists used the most comprehensive global map of human pressure on the environment, the so-called human footprint, in order to analyze the consequences of human activity across more than 50,000 areas worldwide.
Worrying stuff
Kendall Jones, a doctoral student who participated in the study, says that in some cases the damage scale was surprising, with the greatest impacts found in densely populated places, such as Asia, Europe, and Africa.
“A well-run protected area network is essential in saving species.”
“We found major road infrastructures such as highways, industrial agriculture, and even entire cities occurring inside the boundaries of places supposed to be set aside for nature conservation.”
“More than 90 percent of protected areas, such as national parks and nature reserves, showed some signs of damaging human activities.”
Furthermore, according to University of Queensland Professor James Watson, a Wildlife Conservation Society research director, the new study is evidence that countries around the globe are overestimating the space available for nature inside protected areas.
“Governments are claiming these places are protected for the sake of nature when in reality they aren’t,” Professor Watson said.
“It is a major reason why biodiversity is still in catastrophic decline, despite more and more land being protected over the past few decades.”
The numbers
The new study suggests that around 32.8 percent of protected land our planet is already highly degraded thanks to human activity and infrastructure.
42 percent of protected lands remain free of any human pressure. Scientists note that areas free of human pressure tend to be more remote and isolated regions such as places in Canada in Russia.
“There are also many protected areas that are still in good condition and protect the last strongholds of endangered species worldwide,” Professor Watson explained.
“The challenge is to ensure those protected areas that are most valuable for nature conservation get the most attention from governments and donors to ensure they safeguard it.”
Scientific Study Claims There Are Up To 8,000 Alien Megastructures In the Universe
Scientific Study Claims There Are Up To 8,000 Alien Megastructures In the Universe
By constructing a Dyson sphere (Dyson 1960) out of material from dismantled planets, extremely advanced civilizations could in principle tap into a significant fraction of the radiation power of their host star, thereby climbing the Kardashev scale towards type II status (Kardashev 1964).
A recently published scientific study written by researchers from Sweden’s Uppsala University and the University of Heidelberg, Germany has suggested that there could be more than 8,000 alien megastructures located in deep space.
The team of experts is said to have located ‘signs’ that would suggest these so-called megastructures have in fact been built around distant suns.
The study suggests experts found tell-tale signs of up to 8,000 alien megastructures.
“We find that a small fraction of stars indeed displays distance discrepancies of the type expected for nearly complete Dyson spheres,” wrote scientists in the study.
“We find that 8000 stars ([roughly] 4% of the object in common between both surveys) have sufficient data quality to allow potential Dyson-sphere candidates to be efficiently singled out.”
One of the prime candidates of the new study is a star dubbed TYC 6111-1162-1 which was the ‘most interesting individual candidate for further investigation,’ meaning that it is considered the most likely star to have a Dyson sphere around it.
Scientists came to this conclusion after analyzing data obtained by the European Space Agency’s Gaia spacecraft, which has recently completed a run, mapping more than ONE BILLION stars in three dimensions.
“The Gaia mission will in coming years allow for Dyson-sphere searches that are complementary to searches based on waste-heat signatures at infrared wavelengths. A limited search of this type is also possible at the current time, by combining Gaia parallax distances with spectrophotometric distances from ground-based surveys,” wrote experts in their study.
Experts claim that within this massive map gathered by GAIA, they’ve found evidence of possible signs of supermassive structures commonly referred to as Dyson Spheres, massive technological structures in space, constructed around distant alien Stars to harness their energy.
As noted in the study, a number of searches for potential Dyson spheres have been made in the distant past.
Sadly, all previous studies have failed to find traces of the so-called megastructures.
Scientists note that building a Dyson sphere in space isn’t an easy task. In addition to requiring enormous amounts of material, these structures would take an extremely long time to build.
Therefore, scientist devised a new way of hunting for Dyson spheres. They assume that instead of being a huge, solid structure, Dyson spheres could also be a series of smaller power plants, placed strategically around an alien star.
“The Dyson sphere is typically not envisioned as a solid shell, but rather as a dense, spherical swarm or shroud of absorbing satellites, with each satellite absorbing a small fraction of the stellar radiation.”
Luckily for us humans, we’ve already cooked up a plan that could see us place our first Dyson sphere around our sun in just five years.
By enveloping the sun with a massive array of solar panels, humanity would graduate to a Type 2 Kardashev civilization capable of utilizing nearly 100% of the sun’s energy output, writes George Dvorsky from sentientdevelopments.com
Researchers Find Evidence Of Oldest Human Occupation In South America
Researchers Find Evidence Of Oldest Human Occupation In South America
40,000 years ago, a mysterious people—possibly explorers—lived in Argentina.
Archaeologists have uncovered remarkably well-preserved human remains that date back around 40,000 years in Argentina. These skeletal remains are not only the oldest in Argentina, but could be the oldesthumanremains ever discovered in SouthAmerica.
Don’t you just love when archeology digs up something like this? It changes everything, yet it changes nothing,
The more we dig, the more we understand how little we know.
A team of archaeologists led by professor Carlos Aschero had discovered what is believed to be evidence of the oldest human occupation in Argentina, and possibly in South America.
The discovery was made in Antofagasta de la Sierra, a province of Catamarca, Argentina.
Ancient Explorers?
40,000 years ago a group of people—possibly explorers—lived between the northwest of Catamarca and part of Salta, in the area that integrates the salty Puna.
It is unknown how long the group remained in the Argentine Northwest, but their traces were very well preserved in the desert lands, at more than 3,500 meters above sea level.
Antofagasta de la Sierra is almost 600 kilometers north of the capital of Catamarca.
Its climate is rigorous, cold and dry, with minimum temperatures below 0 ºC.
It is precisely the above-mentioned conditions that most likely made it possible for the remains to remain as well preserved as frozen over time.
It was an extensive search.
In fact, researchers excavated 4 kilometers in the upper section of the Punilla River, in a small ravine known as Cacao.
More precisely in a cave which houses a huge variety of rock art and various stone structures.
There, archaeologists recovered two strands of human hair, which had been cut.
They also found stone tools used for cutting and scraping, copper earrings, as well as bone fragments (complete ribs and tooth remains).
Previous to this discovery, the scientific community maintained that the oldest human presence in the area could be traced back around 10,000 years.
However, the discovery offers new insight into the human population in the area, changing everything we thought we knew about South America and its early inhabitants.
The tests used to determine the age of the skeletal remains were carried out in two specialized laboratories in the USA. (Arizona and CAIS-UGA) using radiocarbon dating.
Jorge Martinez, an archaeologist at the National University of Tucumán and a researcher at the Higher Institute of Social Studies of CONICET, said that the oldest traces of human presence in Argentina prior to this, were located in the province of Buenos Aires (Pampean region), and can be traced back to around 14,000 years.
Meanwhile, in Latin America in general, the oldest alleged human remains are located in Piedra Furada (Brazil), these remains date back between 27,000 and 30,000 years.
However, Martínez believes that the skeletal remains discovered in Brazil are very controversial, among other things due to the method by which their age was determined.
According to reports, scientists used Radiometric dating to determine the age of the skeletal remains from Brazil. Radiometric dating is a technique used to date materials such as rocks or carbon, in which trace radioactive impurities were selectively incorporated when they were formed, reports El Litoral.
DNA tests will reveal more
Martinez looks forward to learning more about the skeletal remains discovered in Argentina after DNA tests result are done.
Experts will then know who these mysterious people were, and to what genetic lineage they belong to.
“The theory that prevails is that the inhabitants of America came from Asia through the Bering Strait and that they belong to four great lineages. We want to corroborate or refute that origin, perhaps we will find they belong to a different ancestry,” he ventured out saying.
These discoveries offer a wealth of previously unknown information to experts.
“It means that the settlement processes were pervasive and diverse. And those records correspond to the Puna, where there is a lot of height and a complicated climate. What can we imagine of the occupation that could have existed in much lower areas, where life is easier! “, Professor Aschero surmised.
In the 1840s the topic of germ theory in medicine was laughable and considered fringe thinking. Then in 1850, a prickly Hungarian obstetrician named Ignaz Semmelweis told his doctor colleagues in Vienna Medical Society’s lecture hall, “Wash your hands!”
Over the next few years, thanks to the pioneering work of Louis Pasteur and later Robert Koch in the 1880s, the science of germ theory finally established firm footing and became less laughable in the field of medicine.
Prior to 1900, the experts said the idea of a man flying in heavy aircraft was laughable. But on Dec. 17, 1903, Wilbur and Orville Wright proved them wrong.
In 1940, professors at major American technical colleges thought rocket science was the stuff of science fiction. When U.S. Army engineers visited Robert Goddard, an American rocket pioneer, they saw no practical application to his rocket research in warfare. Yet the German Nazi Reich demonstrated rocketry’s practical applications in warfare–in spades.
In the late 1940s, aviation engineers said that the sound barrier could not be broken. But on Oct. 14, 1947, Chuck Yeager flew the experimental Bell X-1 at Mach 1 and broke the sound barrier.
For the past 70 years, we’ve been conditioned to think that the topic of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) was an absurd notion. We were told that people who report UFOs are delusional. But for years trained observers have reported them. In recent months, we’ve seen declassified military video showing us aerial phenomena. Major news organizations are starting to take this topic much more seriously.
The problem is that within the Defense establishment and governmental circles like Congress, they still think that UFOs are a laughable subject. Being politically safe in their minds means they can stick their fingers in their ears and sing “La La La,” while unexplained science and advanced technology flies circles around our best aircraft.
Being safe in their minds means they should ignore the fact that this unexplained aviation technology is regularly loitering around our world’s most advanced defensive technologies, no matter whether it’s ours, the Russians or the Chinese.
You would think that after disasters like Pearl Harbor and the events of 9-11, our political and military leadership would have learned a lesson and say, “Hey maybe we better stop laughing at UFOs and look at their potential threat and try to understand what we are dealing with.”
Where are the forward-thinkers, the people who can imagine the unthinkable?
If you have a UFO sighting to report, use one of the two national database services: the National UFO Reporting Center or the Mutual UFO Network. Both services respect confidentiality.
Cheryl Costa is the 2018 recipient of the International UFO Congress, “Researcher of the Year” award.
How UFO sightings have captured human imagination for centuries
How UFO sightings have captured human imagination for centuries
For centuries, mankind has reported seeing UFOs in various parts of the world. The alleged sightings have captivated the public imagination and raised questions about life beyond our planet.
Early cave drawings, ancient texts and centuries-old paintings appear to depict or describe human contact with extraterrestrial beings and UFOS, or unidentified flying objects. For instance, the 1710 painting by Dutch artist Aert De Gelder appears to show a UFO illuminating the baptism of Jesus Christ.
In modern times, purported sightings of UFOs have captured headlines and newscasts worldwide. Most recently, media attention turned to an audio recording released by the Federal Aviation Administration in which two pilots flying on different aircraft above Arizona in late February report having close encounters with a mysterious object.
According to the FBI, a “rash of sightings” of UFOs swept the United States in 1947, after World War II amid a heightened interest in aerospace flight and technology. The FBI says it helped investigate the claims between 1947 and 1954.
“Although the newly formed U.S. Air Force was the primary investigator of these sightings, the FBI received many reports and worked for a time with the Air Force to investigate these matters,” the agency says on its website, where records of some of the reports are published.
Perhaps the most famous incident took place northwest of Roswell, New Mexico, in the summer of 1947, when a foreman of a ranch came across mysterious debris, including metal rods and paper-thin, metallic-looking scraps. The man, William Brazel, reported the strange wreckage to the local sheriff, who contacted the nearby Roswell Army Air Field.
Maj. Jesse Marcel and other intelligence officers were sent to recover the materials, according to the Roswell Daily Record.
A public information officer for the Roswell Army Air Field then released a statement saying officers had retrieved a “flying disc,” which had crashed on the ranch near Roswell.
Military officials later retracted the statement after investigating the debris, saying it was actually remnants of a downed weather balloon.
“I am sure what I found was not any weather observation balloon,” Brazel told the newspaper in an interview in July 1947.
Sixteen out of these 17 deep-sea octopuses are brooding young — but they’re all fated to die.
PHIL TORRES, GEOFF WHEAT
A geology voyage to study fluid discharge from a rocky outcrop deep below the ocean’s surface turned up something else: A population of brooding purple octopuses. The colony is probably doomed due to the warm, low-oxygen water coming out of the rock, but those ill-fated cephalopods may be an indicator that a healthy population is hiding out nearby, a new study contends.
The octopuses reside on Dorado Outcrop, some 250 kilometers off the coast of Costa Rica and 3,000 meters deep in the sea. The outcrop is essentially a buried 23-million-year-old mountain. “Fluid is discharging from this outcrop because at some other location there’s fluid flowing from the bottom of the ocean into the earth,” notes Anne Hartwell, a marine research scientist with the University of Alaska Fairbanks. Just where that fluid is entering isn’t known, nor is the path that the water takes through the earth.
But geoscientists were curious about the fluid discharge, so in 2013 they visited the site. Images captured by the remote-controlled research vehicle Jason II revealed a wealth of brooding octopuses clinging onto the side of the outcrop. “Everyone thought they were cool, but no one really did anything about it,” Hartwell says. “There were biologists on board, but they were microbiologists.”
Hartwell wasn’t on that trip, but she was on another one a year later and visited the site in the research submarine ALVIN. “When I got to the seafloor … there was so much life,” she recalls. The octopuses weren’t even the highlight for her. “I saw sea sponges and sea stars and crabs and shrimp. And they were colorful,” she adds. “I hadn’t expected that type of macrofauna, big organisms, that deep,” she says. “And then the octopuses were there, and it was just, ‘whoa, this place is cool!’”
Those octopuses intrigued Hartwell, so she teamed up with one of the geoscientists on that original cruise, Geoffrey Wheat of the University of Alaska Fairbanks, and cephalopod expert Janet Voight of the Field Museum in Chicago. They examined hours of video and still images and other data collected on the two deep-sea missions.
A voyage to explore a rocky outcrop deep beneath the ocean’s surface revealed an ecosystem full of colorful creatures, including a colony of purple octopuses brooding on a rocky outcrop — and probably fated to quickly die.
The research team determined that the octopuses are a species of Muusoctopus, a not-well-known genus of deep-sea octopods. Hundreds of these individuals were seen during the two expeditions, including many that had cemented themselves to the outcrop and some of which appeared to be brooding eggs.
Those octopuses had attached themselves in an area of occasional fluid discharge. That fluid is 10 degrees Celsius warmer than the surrounding waters (which are a constant, and chilly, 2° C), and it contains less oxygen.
“I had initially assumed that … they really wanted to be there,” says Hartwell. It wasn’t until she took a closer look at the evidence and consulted with Voight that it became clear that the octopuses are physiologically stressed when they’re in the fluid, she says. The moms may have settled there when no fluid was flowing and are stuck when conditions change. The species should be well adapted to the cold, higher-oxygen conditions found in the deep ocean. And when they find themselves out of their normal element, the octopuses, and their young, probably don’t survive, the team reports in the May issue of Deep Sea Research I.
But it’s not all bad news. Hartwell and her colleagues think that the doomed cephalopods are an indicator of a larger population nearby. In some cases, there were just arms or part of a mantle sticking out of the rock. “That was our evidence that there were octopuses that could fit inside spaces available on this outcrop, and these spaces are notably not associated with any fluid discharge,” Hartwell says.
She is reluctant, though, to say that such a population really exists. “Because we can’t see it, we have no way of knowing whether they’re there or not,” Hartwell cautions. She hopes that scientists might one day be able to revisit the outcrop and poke around for those hidden octopuses. In the meantime, she’s working to classify the rest of that colorful community that so dazzled her deep beneath the surface of the ocean.
4 DECADES AGO, NASA TRANSMITTED A MESSAGE INTO SPACE: 27 YEARS LATER, SOMETHING RESPONDED
4 DECADES AGO, NASA TRANSMITTED A MESSAGE INTO SPACE: 27 YEARS LATER, SOMETHING RESPONDED
In the middle of the 1970’s, Carl Sagan and his peer colleagues transmitted a broadcast known as the Arecibo message into outer space using radio waves. The 1974 landmark was a special ceremony to commemorate the remodeling of a radio telescope in Puerto Rico known as the Arecibo.
This transmission was the most powerful broadcast of energy ever beamed out into space.
The blast of energy was directed toward a star cluster that is located an estimated 25,000 light years away from our planet.
The data contained within the transmission was simple yet complicated, and made sense. It was a pictorial message that depicts our planet Earth’s location in our solar system.
The data contained as much as the basic core principles of our systems of mathematics and science, and of course the data was placed into the transmission with hopes that some extraterrestrial intelligence would interpret it.
As simple as it was, an intense amount of information was contained within this message, even info about the code of human DNA and information about our appearance.
So how did they manage to encode such a massive amount of data in a transmission blasted into outer space? Take a look at the code in this crop circle: that’s how.
In 2001, 27 years later the above pattern appeared right next to the Chilbolton, Britian’s largest telescope and astronomical observatory. The facility is home to the largest fully steerable meteorological radar in the world. It is reportedly identical to a visual representation of the data transmitted by Sagan and his team in 1974.
The message encoded into the crop circle is supposedly coded, and describes a different solar system, an alien image of the sender like the original message sent out by NASA, DNA that isn’t human, and a sort of microwave antenna as opposed to the depiction of the radio-wave antenna present in the 1974 message.
To ensure that this crop circle in fact was coded with all that information, someone might want to confirm this.
Crop circles seem to be a real rabbit hole: it’s quite unexplainable how so many of them formed. They say that this face was representative of a new technique in the creation of crop circles, a sort of “screen technique” similar to how a face can be printed onto an ordinary piece of paper.
Here, one can find a signal for a microwave antenna signal according to one interpretation, on a crop circle that happened to appear just a year prior in the exact same field in Britain.
What was the format of the code sent out into space in 1974? The Arecibo message was in binary. That is relevant to an odd, declassified NSA document bearing the title “Key to the Extraterrestrial Messages.”
The document lays it all down and reveals that the NSA allegedly received 29 messages from outer space that seem to be coded in some binary format. They say it is shocking that the NSA openly admitted this, but here’s another theory.
The NSA wouldn’t of their own volition release something they really didn’t want everyone to know. Many people suspect there is an agenda afoot to severely mislead the general public about the existence of extraterrestrials.
A fraudulent threat or alleged factor of extraterrestrial intelligent life just may be used as an excuse to do something to the citizen class one day. People would be wise to believe half of what they hear and none of what they see: no info is freely admitted by the government unless they want people to hear it.
SpaceX debuts its new and improved Falcon 9 rocket, Earth gets buzzed by a jumbo-jet sized asteroid and astronomers get one step closer to understanding what types of stars existed at the dawn of the universe. These are just some of the top stories this week from Space.com.
Photo Credit: SpaceX
1. SpaceX stops Block 5 launch
The latest and final manifestation of SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket, known as the Block 5, made its debut on May 11, carrying Bangladesh's first telecom satellite into orbit. The two-stage rocket's first stage also aced its landing, on a ship at sea.
An asteroid about the size of the Statue of Liberty flew past Earth at a safe but close distance of 126,000 miles (203,000 kilometers) on Tuesday (May 15). The space rock, known as 2010 WC9, was discovered in 2010. But astronomers lost track of it once it became too faint to see, and it was rediscovered last week, on May 8.
3. More evidence for plume of water vapor on Europa
A new look at existing data reveals compelling evidence that a plume of water vapor emanates from Jupiter's moon Europa, at least occasionally. NASA's Galileo probe, which orbited Jupiter from 1995 to 2003, found a strong plume signal during a close flyby of Europa in 1997, researchers determined.
Severely tilted planets around faraway stars may be capable of experiencing "snowball states," according to recent findings. Researchers found that the orbital dynamics of certain planets can cause these alien worlds to experience extreme ice ages, even if they are located in the "habitable zone" around their parent star.
Photo Credit: ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, W. Zheng (JHU), M. Postman (STScI), the CLASH Team, Hashimoto et al.
5. A step closer to seeing cosmic dawn
Researchers found out that a galaxy over 13 billion light-years away from Earth is home to stars born just a couple of hundred million years after the Big Bang. Scientists hope to use observations like these to answer one of the big questions in modern astronomy: What did stars look like during the "cosmic dawn?"
Journalist-turned-novelist Tom Wolfe passed away at the age of 88 on May 14. Wolfe wrote the 1979 book "The Right Stuff," which profiled NASA's first astronaut class, the Mercury Seven. The bestselling book was made into a 1983 movie that won four Academy Awards and became a cultural benchmark in its own right.
Two astronauts onboard the International Space Station stepped out of their ship to take a 6.5-hour-long spacewalk on May 16. They completed several tasks, including the relocation of a failed pump that was designed to cool down the space station's giant solar panels.
The formation process behind Musca, an interstellar cloud in the sky just south of the Southern Cross constellation, is revealed in a new 3D map. A pair of astronomers constructed these detailed maps to advance scientists' understanding of how stars are born. They did so by watching the cloud "sing" with magnetic vibrations.
Radiation-protection vests will soon be put to the test. NASA and the Israel Space Agency have agreed to use AstroRad vests on NASA's Exploration Mission-1 flight in 2019. During the mission test, two dummies containing thousands of radiation detectors will monitor how well the AstroRad vest protects against harmful space radiation.
10. China finishes record-breaking simulated moon mission
On May 15, Chinese student volunteers completed a yearlong test inside the "Lunar Palace 1" facility, which simulated life aboard a space lab. Their feat set a record for the longest stay in a self-contained facility, and according to China's state-run Xinhua news agency, it lasted 370 days.
Many astronomers are disagreeing with a suggestion made by NASA officials to postpone the release of their decadal survey, a report that outlines priorities in astrophysics research over the following 10 years. The upcoming decadal survey, known as Astro2020, is supposed to start coming together at the end of this year, but NASA suggested the report be pushed back a few years to adjust for existing uncertainties about two important upcoming telescope missions.
LAS VEGAS - Fuzzy videos captured by military pilots caused a media splash over the last six months, but what were those objects in the sky?
Since the Pentagon's release of three UFO videos, armchair experts have speculated that maybe the objects are birds or balloons or something mundane.
But now, the I-Team has obtained an in-depth report prepared by and for the military, and it analyzes the so-called Tic Tac UFO using the most sophisticated sensor systems in the world.
(This image is from U.S. military footage of the Tic Tac.)
Over a two-week period in late 2004, an unknown, 45-foot long Tic Tac shaped object played cat and mouse with the U.S. Navy off the coast of California. The mighty U.S.S. Nimitz aircraft carrier, and its support ships including the U.S.S. Princeton, carrying the most sophisticated sensor systems in the world, repeatedly detected recurring glimpses of the Tic Tac but were unable to lock on.
On Nov.14, F-18s were ordered into the area and saw it up close. Veteran pilot Dave Fravor, commander of the elite Black Aces unit, says the Tic Tac reacted to the presence of the F-18s then took off like a bullet fired from a gun.
"It takes off like nothing I've ever seen. One minute it's here, and off, it's gone," said retired Navy pilot David Fravor.
In the explosion of media interest that followed the Pentagon's release of the Tic Tac video along with recordings of two other encounters, Commander Fravor expressed the opinion that the technology was far more advanced than anything known on earth.
But in the months since the release, the Pentagon has clammed up. It has declined to release official documents about the Nimitz Tic Tac encounter, or similar incidents.
(This image is from U.S. military footage of the Gimbal UFO incident.)
"There are many many Nimitz incidences that are equally compelling, that are told from the eyes of people like Commander Dave Fravor," said Luis Elizondo, former Pentagon intelligence officer.
Until last year, Elizondo ran AATIP, a secret Pentagon assignment that quietly evaluated UFO incident reports. He chafes at the armchair experts who claim the Tic Tac was a balloon or bird, a mistake by the pilots or a technical glitch.
"Let the data speak for itself," he said. "Let the information we receive from electro optical data; electro mechanical mechanisms be the tool in which we look and compare what the eyewitness testimony is saying."
Elizondo is not authorized to release such information, but the I-Team obtained some of it anyway. Earlier this year, we made a whirlwind trip to Washington for a debriefing arranged by former Senator Harry Reid. While in D.C., the I-Team obtained copies of unclassified documents related to the UFO encounters, including the Tic Tac. The analysis was compiled in 2009 with input from multiple agencies. It confirms the Nimitz group had several interactions with AAV's, Anomalous Aerial Vehicles.
The report lists the advanced sensors involved at the time, AN/SPY, capable of tracking a golf ball at 100 miles, the E-2C Hawkeye Airborne Early Warning aircraft, as well as shipboard radars and sensors on multiple F-18s which interacted with the Tic Tac, and with something else.
Pilots reported a large disturbance just under the surface of the ocean, round and 100 yards across. It appeared as if the Tic Tac was rendezvousing with the underwater object.
Among the key findings in the report -- the AAV is not something that belongs to the U.S. or any other nation. It was so advanced, it rendered U.S. capabilities ineffective. It showed velocities far greater than anything known to exist, and it could turn itself invisible, both to radar and the human eye. Essentially, it was undetectable, and unchallenged.
(This image is from U.S. military footage of the Tic Tac.)
The report including statements from seven F-18 pilots as well as radar operators on the ships. Despite the seriousness of the encounter, the pilots faced ridicule after their encounters. The Navy's initial report was buried, not forwarded to command. It was decided the AAV was not a threat.
Five years later, a more comprehensive assessment was compiled but was never made public and has been seen by few, even inside the Pentagon.
Former intelligence official Chris Mellon opined in the Washington Post that the Pentagon's unwillingness to discuss these encounters or share information with other military branches is a threat to national security, comparable to when the CIA and FBI failed to share information prior to 9/11
The analysis report is not dated and has no logo, but four separate people who are familiar with its contents confirmed to the I-Team it is the real deal and was written as part of a Pentagon program.
Another highly classified version was also written but is unlikely to ever be released.
A large explosion happened Friday night into Saturday at Hawaii’s Kilauea Volcano. The 1st serious injury is reported. USGS warns of the release of toxic gases in a plume called a laze, which happens when molten lava hits sea water. Latest images and videos here.
Kilauea Volcano has been spewing lava and belching hazardous gases on Hawaii’s Big Island since early May, and the BBC reported on Sunday, May 20, 2018, that the situation for residents is “steadily worsening.” At the summit, a large explosion happened at around midnight on Friday night (May 18) into Saturday, sending a plume of volcanic gas some 10,000 feet (two miles, or 3 km) into the air. Early in the day on May 20, media outlets were reporting the first serious injury from Kilauea. HawaiiNewsNow reported:
The injured man was sitting on a balcony at his home when “lava spatter” – projectile molten rock – landed on him. “It hit him on the shin and shattered everything there down on his leg,” a spokeswoman for the county mayor said.
Lava spatters can weigh “as much a refrigerator,” she told Reuters.
The man has reportedly been hospitalized with serious injuries.
In the meantime, on Saturday night, May 19, Hawaii Civil Defense confirmed that lava from Kilauea’s Fissure 20 had entered the ocean, creating conditions for toxic laze. Laze is what happens when molten lava hits sea water; a chemical reaction creates “hazy and noxious conditions” laced with hydrochloric acid and tiny particles of glass. USGS said:
Even the wispy edges of it can cause skin and eye irritation and breathing difficulties.
Helicopter overflight of Kilauea Volcano’s lower East Rift zone on May 19, 2018, around 8:18 a.m., HST. Lava flows emerging from the elongated Fissure 16-20 form channels. The flow direction in this picture is from upper center to the lower left.
Eruption of lava and ground cracking in the area of Leilani Estates subdivision continues. Beginning yesterday and into today, the rate of lava eruption has increased. Fissure 17 is weakly active now, and Fissures 16-20 have merged into a continuous line of spatter and fountaining. Flows from the consolidated Fissure 20 crossed upper Pohoiki road late yesterday afternoon and continued flowing southward. This afternoon two flows from the merged fissure complex have joined less than a mile from the coast and continue to flow southward between Pohoiki and Opihikao Roads. The lava flow from Fissure 18 is stalled. It is unknown whether the flows will continue to advance, or stop, and new lava flows are likely given the rate of activity seen at the rift zone. Volcanic gas emissions remain very high. Read more
The following is the most recent video update from a USGS scientist (May 18):
More than 1,700 people have already evacuated their homes, particularly in the area around Leilani Estates, located in Hawaii’s District of Puna, where 27 homes had been destroyed as of May 9.
Helicopter overflight of the southeast coast of the Puna district during the early morning hours of May 19, 2018. Flows are moving downslope toward the ocean.
Photograph courtesy of the Hawai`i County Fire Department/via USGS.
The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory reported on May 14 on “speculative stories, rumors and blogs” about a possible Pacific-wide tsunami, caused by conditions at Kilauea:
There have been several recent highly speculative stories, rumors and blogs about the stability of the south flank of Kilauea and the potential for a catastrophic collapse that could generate a Pacific-wide tsunami. We wish to put these speculations in their proper context by presenting observations of the current situation and an assessment of past evidence of landslides from Kilauea.
There is no geologic evidence for past catastrophic collapses of Kilauea Volcano that would lead to a major Pacific tsunami, and such an event is extremely unlikely in the future based on monitoring of surface deformation … Geologic history combined with models of south flank motion suggest that the likelihood of a catastrophic failure event is incredibly remote. Read more
The following video is from May 14, when a new fissure in Hawaii’s Puna District sent gases and lava exploding into the air, spurring officials to call for more evacuations as residents waited for a possible major eruption at Kilauea Volcano’s summit.
The view between Kilauea Fissures 16 and 20 on May 16, 2018.
The Overlook vent on the summit of Kilauea threw out chunks of rock on May 16 that hit the ground near a parking lot, breaking apart on impact. The rocks were about 24 inches (60 cm) before they hit.
Bottom line: A large explosion happened on the night of May 18, 2018, at Hawaii’s Kilauea Volcano. The 1st serious injury was reported on May 19. Molten lava reached the ocean on May 20, and the USGS warns of the release of toxic gases in a plume called a laze. Latest images and videos here.
UFO Over Saint Patrick Cathedral In Ireland On May 17, 2018, Video, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Over Saint Patrick Cathedral In Ireland On May 17, 2018, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: May 17, 2018
Location of sighting: Downpatrick, Ireland
Downpatrick is a small-sized town about 33 km south of Belfast in County Down, Northern Ireland. It has been an important site since ancient times. Its cathedral is said to be the burial place of Saint Patrick. Since the UFO was seen over Saint Patricks place of burial, it might be because aliens have a high interest in human religions beliefs. The closer the UFO, the easier for the aliens to actually read the thoughts of people inside. Scott Waring-Taiwan
A Newly Discovered Solar System Object Hints at Hidden Planet Nine
A Newly Discovered Solar System Object Hints at Hidden Planet Nine
Astronomers found a strange dwarf world that provides even more evidence that a giant planet is lurking at the edge of our solar system.
There might be a large planet lurking somewhere at the very edge of our solar system, and astronomers are hunting for it. While they have yet to find direct evidence of the planet, a recent discovery provides yet more indirect evidence that the planet does, in fact, exist. Astronomers found a small solar system body with a strange orbit that they say can only be explained by another, bigger planet hiding out there somewhere.
Astronomers have speculated for a few years that a ninth planet may be orbiting the sun at a great distance, and have spent the past few years searching for it. They first started the hunt back in 2016 after looking at a handful of distant solar system objects and noticing something strange. These objects, all orbiting further away than Pluto, had something similar in common: they orbited the sun at a distinct angle from all of the inner planets.
The observations suggest the gravitational influence of another planet is altering the orbits of the distant objects. Now additional findings of a newly discovered planetary object with an odd orbit, called 2015 BP519, supports the case for an undiscovered Planet Nine. 2015 BP519 orbits at a 54 degree angle compared to nearly everything in the inner solar system, and the theory is that Planet Nine is responsible.
If Planet Nine does exist, it’s likely only a matter of time until astronomers find it. It would be difficult, however, because it’s calculated orbit is so incredibly far away. Planet Nine is likely several times as far away as Pluto, meaning it’s barely a dot in even our most powerful telescopes and it’s dark. Adding to the difficulty is the complication that we don’t know exactly where it’s supposed to be, reports Quanta.
IS THERE ANY PLAUSIBLE REASON WHY ALIENS WOULD EVOLVE TO LOOK LIKE US?
IS THERE ANY PLAUSIBLE REASON WHY ALIENS WOULD EVOLVE TO LOOK LIKE US?
In science fiction movies and TV shows, intelligent aliens are usually the same basic shape as humans: two arms, two legs and a head. But why would creatures that evolved on a completely different planet look so similar to us? We asked some experts, and they told us the most likely explanations for humanoid aliens.
Top image: Artwork by Wayne Douglas Barlowe
The truth is, aliens tend to look like us in science fiction for a couple of basic reasons: budget, and relatability.
“Most aliens in SF are humanoid because humans produce SF,” says Michael H. New, an Astrobiology Discipline Specialist at NASA. “While we are interested in the ‘other,’ our conception of otherness is often limited.”
And a lot of experts firmly believe that aliens would not look at all like humans. For example, Stephen Jay Gould claims that life that evolved elsewhere would look totally different from us — and in fact, if you “reran the tape” from the beginning of life on Earth, you wouldn’t end up with humans on this planet either. The emergence of humanoids on Earth is a totally random event that was a fluke, even with the exact conditions that we arose from.
But let’s say that we do meet aliens, and they turn out to be bipeds with a roughly human-like shape… how do we explain that?
Panspermia
This is the most common explanation for creatures that look sort of like us turning up all over the universe. Either humanoid aliens spread their DNA across the galaxy to give rise to creatures in their image, or the DNA just spread through the galaxy on its own, on asteroids and stuff.
Star Trek: The Next Generation reaches for this explanation in the episode “The Chase,” pictured above. And it’s the centerpiece of the recent movie Prometheus, as well.
“I’m of the strong opinion that if humanoid aliens exist, they must have some genetic heritage in common with human beings,” says Mark A. Bullock with the Southwest Research Institute. He’d find that easier to believe than the notion that humanoids could evolve independently elsewhere. Plus “it’s been shown that panspermia is quite a viable mechanism, so the interchange of genetic material between worlds is not out of the question.”
If the galaxy really did turn out to be full of humanoid aliens, “some kind of panspermia wouldn’t be a bad explanation,” New tells io9. “We’re bilaterally symmetric and bipedal because our ancestors were.” It’s entirely possible that if certain events had played out differently, the dominant species on Earth would have had a very different shape.
The Burgess Shale, which is roughly 500 million years old, “displays a wide range of body plans, only some of which are still seen on the modern Earth,” adds New. So he believes you’d need some outside intervention to account for humanoid aliens.
Bullock sounds a similar note, saying that the Cambrian explosion, 600 million years ago, “saw a great deal of evolutionary experimentation with body plans,” some of which could be a glimpse of life forms that we might see on other planets.
At the same time, panspermia is only really likely at the microbial level, cautions Joan L. Slonczewski, a biology professor at Kenyon College and science fiction author whose books include A Door Into Ocean and The Highest Frontier. Beyond microbes, panspermia doesn’t really make much sense as an explanation for humans’ own development.
Convergent Evolution
Or maybe humanoids just evolved on other planets, separately from us, because they just arrived at the same destination via other paths?
There are certain things about humans that helped us rise over other primates, says James Kasting, a distinguished professor of Geoscience at Penn State University. Our opposable thumbs helped us grasp tree branches, and also hold tools. And walking upright was useful, as well. Finally, being warm-blooded helped us to power our big brains.
“I would think that there’s a good chance that intelligent alien life evolved in more or less the same way and would thus bear some resemblance to humans,” says Kasting. “Not necessarily a close resemblance, though.”
The upright-walking, bipedal, two-armed posture “seems to have evolved independently in various unlikely contexts, from meerkats to velociraptors,” notes Slonczewski. “Maybe it just makes sense to have two feet to move, two hands to manipulate something, and a sensory ‘head’ with as wide a view as possible. Then again, that’s what we have, so it makes sense to us.”
We’ve seen enough examples of convergent evolution on Earth to believe that it could happen on other planets as well, notes Steven J. Dick, the 2013-2014 Baruch S. Blumberg NASA/Library of Congress Chair in Astrobiology at the Library of Congress. “For example, the eye has been reinvented many times independently, as have wings in insects, birds and bats. Fish and marine mammals such as dolphins have evolved streamlined shapes for their water environment.”
Dick recommends the 1981 book Life in Darwin’s Universe: Evolution and the Cosmos by Gene Bylinsky, which argues that “a limited number of engineering solutions” are possible when it comes to successful life forms.
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But Dick adds that you can’t discount environmental factors which would ensure that life on other planets would look at least somewhat different, including gravity. Dick tells io9:
Because they would have been shaped by their own unique planetary environments, organisms would be different from us in the particulars, just as there is great diversity of life on Earth, including the different requirements of land and water organisms. More generally, gravity imposes size limitations on life; from the cell to the whale is a large range indeed, but the food system of the whale (and the dinosaur on land) must strain to feed such a large structure, even as the heart struggles to sustain its blood flow. Life on a low-gravity planet might be free to soar upward both in the plant and animal kingdom, while life on a high-gravity planet would be correspondingly stifled.
Bilateral Symmetry
Let’s say that the notion of aliens separately evolving bodies that have more or less a human silhouette is kind of unlikely — it’s still possible that bilateral symmetry could be a constant among intelligent life forms, say some experts. This refers to the fact that your left and right sides are more or less the same, with an eye, an ear, an arm and a leg on either side.
“Bilateral symmetry appeared independently several different times in the evolution of larger organisms on Earth,” says Bullock. “So bilateral symmetry may be a common feature of intelligent life, regardless of whether its specific body plan.”
And once you get bilateral symmetry, you are going to start drifting in the direction of a vaguely humanoid body plan, argues Bjørn Østman with Michigan State University. The symmetry means you’ll have an even number of limbs — which is most likely going to be four, rather than six or more, which don’t convey enough of an advantage to justify the extra limbs.
“Even on earth there are lots of animals that have more than two pairs of limbs,” concedes Østman. “But I think that the reason why we have lots and lots of animals that hva four limbs is that that’s highly advantageous. It just happens to be mechanically a very good solution to traversing a rugged landscape.”
And once you have a lot of quadripeds on land, one of those quadripeds is going to start using its front limbs to manipulate tools. “If you can free two limbs to manipulate tools, then it becomes very advantageous to develop high intelligence,” notes Østman.
So assuming an intelligent alien is symmetrical and has some of its limbs devoted to tool use, then it might end up being roughly bipedal, says Østman. And the sensory organs, like eyes, will have to be forward-looking and not too far away from the tool-using limbs. Which means you end up with something like a head, because the nervous system will be close to the sensory organs for maximum efficiency.
Thus those two factors — symmetry and tool use — may lend themselves to something at least vaguely similar to a human shape, in Østman’s view.
“If we were to eventually find other intelligent life in the universe, they would be humanoid, I think,” Østman concludes. “I find that a high probability.” But at the same time, he admits he’s in the minority, and most other scientists agree with Gould that humanoid life is unlikely to evolve elsewhere.
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What is Solar Wind?
What is Solar Wind?
By Nola Taylor Redd, Space.com Contributor
This is an artist's concept of the Earth's global magnetic field, with the bow shock. Earth is in the middle of the image, surrounded by its magnetic field, represented by purple lines. The bow shock is the blue crescent on the right. Many energetic particles in the solar wind, represented in gold, are deflected by Earth's magnetic "shield".
Credit: Walt Feimer (HTSI)/NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab
The solar wind streams plasma and particles from the sun out into space. Though the wind is constant, its properties aren't. What causes this stream, and how does it affect the Earth?
Windy star
The corona, the sun's outer layer, reaches temperatures of up to 2 million degrees Fahrenheit (1.1 million degrees Celsius). At this level, the sun's gravity can't hold on to the rapidly moving particles, and they stream away from the star.
The sun's activity shifts over the course of its 11-year cycle, with sun spot numbers, radiation levels, and ejected material changing over time. These alterations affect the properties of the solar wind, including its magnetic field, velocity, temperature and density. The wind also differs based on where on the sun it comes from and how quickly that portion is rotating.
The velocity of the solar wind is higher over coronal holes, reaching speeds of up to 500 miles (800 kilometers) per second. The temperature and density over coronal holesare low, and the magnetic field is weak, so the field lines are open to space. These holes occur at the poles and low latitudes, reaching their largest when activity on the sun is at its minimum. Temperatures in the fast wind can reach up to 1 million F (800,000 C).
At the coronal streamer belt around the equator, the solar wind travels more slowly, at around 200 miles (300 km) per second. Temperatures in the slow wind reach up to 2.9 million F (1.6 million C).
The sun and its atmosphere are made up of plasma, a mix of positively and negatively charged particles at extremely high temperatures. But as the material leaves the sun, carried by solar wind, it becomes more gas-like.
"As you go farther from the sun, the magnetic field strength drops faster than the pressure of the material does," Craig DeForest, a solar physicist at the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) in Boulder, Colorado, said in a statement. "Eventually, the material starts to act more like a gas, and less like a magnetically structured plasma."
Affecting Earth
As the wind travels off the sun, it carries charged particles and magnetic clouds. Emitted in all directions, some of the solar wind is constantly buffeting our planet, with interesting effects.
If the material carried by the solar wind reached a planet's surface, its radiation would do severe damage to any life that might exist. Earth's magnetic field serves as a shield, redirecting the material around the planet so that it streams beyond it. The force of the wind stretches out the magnetic field so that it is smooshed inward on the sun-side and stretched out on the night side.
"Solar ejections are the most powerful drivers of the sun-Earth connection," NASA says on its website for the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO). "Despite their importance, scientists don't fully understand the origin and evolution of CMEs, nor their structure or extent in interplanetary space." The STEREO mission hopes to change that.
When the solar wind carries CMEs and other powerful bursts of radiation into a planet's magnetic field, it can cause the magnetic field on the back side to press together, a process known as magnetic reconnection. Charged particles then stream back toward the planet's magnetic poles, causing beautiful displays known as the aurora borealisin the upper atmosphere. [Photos: Amazing Auroras of 2012]
Though some bodies are shielded by a magnetic field, others lack their protection. Earth's moon has nothing to protect it, so takes the full brunt. Mercury, the closest planet, has a magnetic field that shields it from the regular standard wind, but it takes the full force of more powerful outbursts such as CMEs.
When the high- and low-speed streams interact with one another, they create dense regions known as co-rotating interaction regions (CIRs) that trigger geomagnetic storms when they interact with Earth's atmosphere.
The solar wind and the charged particles it carries can affect Earth's satellites and Global Positioning Systems (GPS). Powerful bursts can damage satellites, or can push GPS signals to be off by tens of meters.
The solar wind ruffles all of the planets in the solar system. NASA's New Horizons mission continued to detect it as it traveled between Uranus and Pluto.
"Speed and density average together as the solar wind moves out," Heather Elliott, a space scientist at SwRI in San Antonio, Texas, said in a statement. "But the wind is still being heated by compression as it travels, so you can see evidence of the sun's rotation pattern in the temperature even in the outer solar system.
Studying the solar wind
We've known about the solar wind since the 1950s, but despite its extensive effects on Earth and on astronauts, scientists still don't know how the it evolves. Several missions over the last few decades have sought to explain this mystery.
Launched on Oct. 6, 1990, NASA's Ulysses mission studied the sun at various latitudes. It measured the various properties of the solar wind over the course of more than a dozen years.
The Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) satellite orbits at one of the special points between Earth and the sun known as the Lagrange point. In this area, gravity from the sun and the planet pull equally, keeping the satellite in a stable orbit. Launched in 1997, ACE measures the solar wind and provides real-time measurements of the constant flow of particles.
NASA's twin spacecraft, STEREO-A and STEREO-B study the sun's edge to see how the solar wind is born. Launched in October 2006, STEREO has provided "a unique and revolutionary view of the sun-Earth system," according to NASA.
A new mission hopes to shine light on the sun and its solar wind. NASA's Parker Solar Probe, planned to launch in the summer of 2018, aims to "touch the sun." After several years of closely orbiting the star, the probe will dip into the corona for the first time, using a combination of imaging and measurements to revolutionize understanding of the corona and increase understanding of the origin and evolution of the solar wind.
"Parker Solar Probe is going to answer questions about solar physics that we've puzzled over for more than six decades," Parker Solar Probe Project scientist Nicola Fox of the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, said in a statement. "It's a spacecraft loaded with technological breakthroughs that will solve many of the largest mysteries about our star, including finding out why the sun's corona is so much hotter than its surface."
Curiously, the cave is home to one of the longest archaeological sequences in Greece, featuring the cultural remains of the Middleand UpperPalaeolithic as well as the Mesolithic and Neolithicperiods.
In more recent times, it is known that the cave was used by shepherds as a shelter for their flocks.
Greece—a treasure trove of history
Numerous archaeological excavations that have been performed over the years have revealed that the cave—located in the central region of Thessaly—has been occupied by humans for as long as 130,000 years.
Excavations of the cave started in 1987 lasting 20years, until 2007. The project was led by Dr. Nina Kyparissi-Apostolika, the head of the Ephorate of Palaeoanthropology and Speleography.
Being the first cave excavated in Thessaly, researchers meticulously studied it, finding evidence of a continuous sequence of deposits that date from the Middle Palaeolithic up to the end of the Neolithic period.
Among the most significant discoveries, archeologists discovered through micromorphological analysis on the sediment that the region had been exposed to both hot and warm weather through millennia.
As the weather changed, so did the cave’s population.
Archaeologists found up to three human footprints that were embedded in the caves soft earthen floor. Studies revealed how the footprints inside the cave most likely belonged to a group of Neanderthal children, who lived inside the cave during the Middle Palaeolithic period.
But perhaps one of the most significant discoveries made in the Theopetra cave was a structure located at the entrance: a stone wall that closed of the entrance to the cave tens of thousands of years ago.
The Oldest Wall on Earth?
Using a method called Optically Stimulated Luminescence, archeologists of the Ministry of Athenian Culture found that the wall at the entrance of the cave was at least 23,000 years old.
Scientists found that the wall coincided with the last glacial Ice Age, meaning that the cave’s inhabitants most likely erected the wall in order to protect them from the extreme cold from the outside.
This wall, say, experts, is considered the oldest manmade structure in Greece, and some suggest it may be the oldest wall on the surface of the planet.
I don’t know about you, but when I’m not busy researching or reading about strange phenomena, I like to kick back and enjoy a TV show or movie about some of my favorite subjects –– whether it’s catching Ancient Aliens, Curse of Oak Island or Finding Bigfoot during the week or making time on the weekends to watch an oldie but a goodie from the Area 51 movie archives.
Here are some of our favorites that, like the UFOs they describe, have flown under the radar. All three are based on true stories.
The crash at Roswell, for many UFOlogists, is the grandaddy of the whole phenomena. Whatever happened back on Mac Brazel’s New Mexico ranch back in 1947 touched off a series of events that forever changed the way we look at the skies, as well as how we look at our own government.
This is a serious film with serious actors. Kyle MacLachlan and Martin Sheen each do an outstanding job with the material which is presented in a series of flashbacks at a military reunion 30 years after the crash. The storytelling is intelligent and compelling; this isn’t a dry documentary. If you care about why Roswell was such a big deal, you need to see this movie.
If you don’t know Whitley Strieber, you owe it to yourself to check him out. He’s the author of horror/paranormal classics The Wolfen (werewolves) and The Hunger (vampires) as well as the book behind this movie, Communion. But Communion isn’t a work of fiction, or is it?
Christopher Walken, Haunting in Communion
In Communion, published as non-fiction, Strieber claims he was abducted from his cabin in upstate New York on the evening of December 26, 1985 by non-human beings who may or may not have been of extraterrestrial origin. Although the book is seen as an account of alien abduction, Strieber himself merely refers to the beings as “the visitors,” a name meant to suggest that the beings witnessed as part of these events may exist in reality or only in his own mind—a twist worthy of Philip K. Dick.
The movie is bizarre, disturbing and deeply uncomfortable to watch, which is precisely why you need to see it. If you have even a passing interest in the alien abduction phenomenon or in the permeable veil between sanity and insanity, you will enjoy Communion. Plus, it stars one of the most bizarre and haunting actors of all time, Christopher Walken, in the main role.
Strieber has gone on to be a luminary in the paranormal research world. See his latest at Unknown Country or listen to him at Dreamland.
Fire in the Sky is a completely different look at the UFO abduction phenomenon. Where Communion is cerebral and introspective, Fire in the Sky is grounded in the real world of human jealousy, rivalry and frailty.
In 1975, Travis Walton was driving home from his logging job in the White Mountains of Arizona with some of his co-workers. That evening, they encountered an unidentified object in the sky. Walton gets out of the truck to have a look and is struck by a beam of light from the object, sending him flying backwards with great force. His co-workers flee the scene; when they later return, Walton is missing.
What ensues is a cross between a missing persons investigation and a murder mystery, with back-and-forth between the police and the loggers who stick to their UFO story. Walton finally turns up days later alive—naked, dehydrated and babbling—at a gas station.
We finally learn Walton’s ominous fate in a horrifying flashback to what happened aboard the craft. It is everything that alien abduction nightmares are made of.
The World’s First Floating Nation To Launch In Pacific Ocean In 2022, With Own Government And Cryptocurrency
The World’s First Floating Nation To Launch In Pacific Ocean In 2022, With Own Government And Cryptocurrency
The Floating City will become the first floating nation on Earth–a Libertarianutopiafreeofregulationandtaxes. It will feature offshore housing, use its own cryptocurrency, and operate ‘outside of government regulations’.
The plan to create the first floating city started off a decade ago when Peter Thiel, an American entrepreneur, venture capitalist, philanthropist, political activist, and author co-founded a nonprofit called Seasteading Institute.
In a 2009 essay, Mr. Thiel wrote, “Between cyberspace and outer space lies the possibility of settling the oceans.”
Since then, the project has taken a long leap, and as things stand now, the institute is set to embark on a pilot project with the Government of French Polynesia.
Image Credit: Seasteading Institute
The world’s first independent floating nation will soon launch in the Pacific Ocean and will operate outside of government regulations, using its own cryptocurrency called ‘Vyron’.
The floating city, a sea-bound city-state featuring around 300 intricately designed homes, a number of hotels, restaurants, offices and other buildings is being built in the Pacific Ocean near the island of Tahiti.
The floating city-state was a project never attempted before.
Its founders imagined the floating city as a Libertarianutopiafreeofregulationandtaxes.
But the plan developed beyond that.
Image Credit: Blue Frontiers
Speaking to Business Insider, Joe Quirk, president of the Institute said how he and his team now see the floating city a way mankind can coup with rising sea levels, which are sadly expected to increase by more than six feet by the end of the century.
Nathalie Mezza-Garcia, a political scientist and researchers from the Floating Island Project say how the islands residents will be free of ‘fluctuating geopolitical influences and trade issues’ and claimed the independent sea nation could one-day house refugees displaced by climate change.
“There is significance to this project being trialed in the Polynesian Islands. This is the region where land is resting on coral and will disappear with rising sea levels. Once we can see how this first island works, we will have a proof of concept to plan for islands to house climate refugees,” said Mr. Mezza Garcia in an interview with CNBC.
Image Credit: Blue Frontiers
The independent floating city is expected to cost around $50 million, and will float in international waters, while operating within its own laws, and will ‘liberate humanity from politicians’, according to the SeasteadingInstitute.
The floating city is a massive project in today’s radicalized society.
The floating island’s non-residential buildings are designed to operate as business centers, which will offer a number of companies to work ‘outside government regulations’.
“This means there is stability, outside of fluctuating geopolitical influences, trade issues, and currency fluctuations – it’s the perfect incubator,” Ms. Mezza Garcia explained.
“If you don’t want to live under a particular government, ‘people will be able to just take their house and float away to another island,” added Ms. Mezza Garcia.
The Journey to make the floating city-state happen was a long one. The Seasteading Institute, co-founded by Mr. Thiel has worked for the last five years designing and testing ‘permanent, innovative communities floating at sea’.
Their journey has seen them team up with Blue frontiers– a startup that specializes in building floating islands.
Image Credit: Blue Frontiers
The design of the floating city took inspiration from the Polynesian culture, in particular from their traditional navigation, based on observation and vast knowledge of natural elements.
The designers of the floating city-state reflected mountains and hills, the shape of ocean reefs and numerous different underwater landmarks, as well as the rising and setting of the moon, the sun and stars in the design.
Interestingly, the small platforms featuring the villas are set to be aligned with the path of the stars of Sirius according to the plans.
As explained by the Daily Mail, “Larger platforms with mixed-use buildings aligned to the celestial pillar Pou, starting from the main platform, the ‘star headlight’ or Ta’urua, and ending by the guide star Avei’a, passing through the zenith of the floating island.”
Image Credit: Seasteading Institute.
“During several visits to French Polynesia and after getting acquainted with the environment and the local contexts, one thing was sure, the project has to blend into its environment. To achieve this, local environmental characteristics, climate, ecology and cultural context have all been studied and play a major role in the process.”
“The project, however, doesn’t only want to not hurt the existing environment, the vision of the Blue Frontiers [is to] facilitate the development of more conscious and balanced settlements at sea where humans can peacefully coexist with the environment and with each other,” explains a written statement by the Seasteading Institute.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:SF-snufjes }, Robotics and A.I. Artificiel Intelligence ( E, F en NL )
19-05-2018
A Time Machine For The Gods—Ancient Cosmic Calendar With Over 1,000 Petroglyphs Found In Arizona
A Time Machine For The Gods—Ancient Cosmic Calendar With Over 1,000 Petroglyphs Found In Arizona
“It’s a time machine for the gods…”
An astonishing discovery has been made in Arizona’s Verde Valley.
Researchers have come across an ancient calendar carved into stone that has remained hidden for nearly one thousand years. The calendar.
More than 1,000 petroglyphs were most likely created by the ancients as a way to ‘track time’ using the sun, say experts.
According to the Arizona Daily sun, around 1,000 intricate petroglyphs were carved into the rack more than 900 years ago by the Southern Sinagua people. The Sinagua culture inhabited the region between the seventh and fifteenth centuries, farming the region growing corn, cotton, squash, and beans.
More than thousands of symbols were etched by ancient man in the distant past on the red rocks of the V-Bar-V Historic Site.
At first glance, these symbols may appear nearly impossible to decipher as one symbol was etched next to the other one. However, what experts did not know is that they needed the help of the sun.
Once the sun sits in the right place, every symbol tells a different story.
Now, experts believe that the red rocks in Arizona’s Verde Valley may have been used by ancient cultures as a calendar, or even as a device that helped them track time using the sun.
“It’s a time machine for the gods to tell you it’s time for a ceremony,” said Scott Newth, an officer with the Arizona Archaeological Society, who tracks rock art across the region.
The symbols etched in stone were intricately carved to mark the passing seasons and onset of important agricultural periods, using only the position of the sun.
Researchers found that at the beginning of summer, and the longest day of the year, two specific crocks from Arizona’s Verde Valley cast a shadow onto a corn plant.
Six months later, the sun instead shines through the space between.
According to the BBC, this ancient calendar remained unnoticed for centuries, until volunteers rediscovered it at the site in 2005.
Researchers found that as the sun would change position in the sky, it would light and cast shadows on features carved in tock, aligning with specific images that held both an agricultural and ceremonial meaning.
Some of the petroglyphs highlight solstices, equinox and other important astronomical events throughout the year.
Kenneth Zoll, Executive Director at the Verde Valley Archaeology Center and Museum, said in an interview with BBC that: ‘This was a way to track time.’
However, experts note that the calendar created by the Sinagua people isn’t the only one out there.
Many other calendars exist in the Verde Valley that may have been used by the inhabitants of the region to track time and important astronomical events.
These calendars and symbols may have been the work of ancient travelers, who taught local tribes in other nearby sites how to follow the sun, the BBC reports.
However, experts note that much about the ancient sites remains shrouded in mystery.
Resembling a wizard’s staff set aglow, NGC 1032 cleaves the quiet darkness of space in two in this image from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope.
NGC 1032 is located about a hundred million light-years away in the constellation Cetus (the Sea Monster). Although beautiful, this image perhaps does not do justice to the galaxy’s true aesthetic appeal: NGC 1032 is actually a spectacular spiral galaxy, but from Earth, the galaxy’s vast disk of gas, dust and stars is seen nearly edge-on.
A handful of other galaxies can be seen lurking in the background, scattered around the narrow strip of NGC 1032. Many are oriented face-on or at tilted angles, showing off their glamorous spiral arms and bright cores. Such orientations provide a wealth of detail about the arms and their nuclei, but fully understanding a galaxy’s three-dimensional structure also requires an edge-on view. This gives astronomers an overall idea of how stars are distributed throughout the galaxy and allows them to measure the “height” of the disk and the bright star-studded core.
Credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA Text: European Space Agency
NASA’s New Planet Hunter Snaps Initial Test Image, Swings by Moon Toward Final Orbit
NASA’s New Planet Hunter Snaps Initial Test Image, Swings by Moon Toward Final Orbit
NASA’s next planet hunter, the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), is one step closer to searching for new worlds after successfully completing a lunar flyby on May 17. The spacecraft passed about 5,000 miles from the Moon, which provided a gravity assist that helped TESS sail toward its final working orbit.
As part of camera commissioning, the science team snapped a two-second test exposure using one of the four TESS cameras. The image, centered on the southern constellation Centaurus, reveals more than 200,000 stars. The edge of the Coalsack Nebula is in the right upper corner and the bright star Beta Centauri is visible at the lower left edge. TESS is expected to cover more than 400 times as much sky as shown in this image with its four cameras during its initial two-year search for exoplanets. A science-quality image, also referred to as a “first light” image, is expected to be released in June.
This test image from one of the four cameras aboard the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) captures a swath of the southern sky along the plane of our galaxy. TESS is expected to cover more than 400 times the amount of sky shown in this image when using all four of its cameras during science operations. Credits: NASA/MIT/TESS
TESS will undergo one final thruster burn on May 30 to enter its science orbit around Earth. This highly elliptical orbit will maximize the amount of sky the spacecraft can image, allowing it to continuously monitor large swaths of the sky. TESS is expected to begin science operations in mid-June after reaching this orbit and completing camera calibrations
TESS is a NASA Astrophysics Explorer mission led and operated by MIT in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and managed by NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. Dr. George Ricker of MIT’s Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research serves as principal investigator for the mission. Additional partners include Orbital ATK, based in Dulles, Virginia; NASA’s Ames Research Center in California’s Silicon Valley; the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, Massachusetts; and the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore. The TESS science instruments were jointly developed by MIT’s Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research and MIT’s Lincoln Laboratory. More than a dozen universities, research institutes and observatories worldwide are participants in the mission.
Banner image:An illustration of TESS as it passed the Moon during its lunar flyby. This provided a gravitational boost that placed TESS on course for its final working orbit. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center
The crop circle above appeared in 2002, in a field near Crabwood, UK. Yes, it’s real, it’s been filmed and documented in the Crop Circle archives, and you can see better pictures and video footage of it below. So, it happened, regardless of who you believe made it. It’s ridiculously precise, like many others, and contains a humanoid face but looks like a version of the typical “grey” alien. It also includes a hand with fingers and in the hand is a disc with a binary code, as well as 3 points in alignment over the beings right shoulder that may represent the constellation of Orion (Orion’s Belt).
Crop circles happen all over the world, and they’re made quite often. Constantly ignored by mainstream media, these intricate, complicated, precise and beautiful designs only seem to be brought up in a ridicule type piece. Perhaps because UFOs (balls of light) are associated with some of these designs (more on that below), and because there was, as the first director of the Central Intelligence Agency once said (CIA), an “official campaign of secrecy and ridicule, many citizens are led to believe the unknown flying objects are nonsense.”
It’s not surprising given what we already know about the CIA’s connection to mainstream media, and why we’ve seen so many ridicule pieces on these kinds of things in the public, thus influencing the collective mind.
For anybody who has looked into the phenomenon in a serious matter, and many have, there are anomalies surrounding them that can’t really be explained, unless you accept an ‘unconventional’ explanation.
The only time they get attention are when they are sloppy and man made, like this one. The more complex and extremely precise ones have strange measurements associated with them (mentioned later) and are made in the dead of night leaving no traces, marks, or footprints.
To be honest, I wouldn’t be surprised if many circles were man made (many are and we know this), but if it was deliberate to debunk the phenomenon is another matter to be discussed.
The photograph below was taken by Lucy Pringle, as well as the one above, but it was viewed by many. Here’s a close up of the Binary Circle:
Not all are unexplainable, some are clearly man made, while others remain drowned in mystery. Richard Taylor, a physicist at the University of Oregon, is one of several academics to take interest in the crop circle phenomenon within recent years, unfortunately, his is the only work that seems to be published in a serious peer reviewed scientific manner.µ
Taylor, despite ridiculing any ‘supernatural’ type of hypothesis, believes that“crop circle artists are not going to give up their secrets easily.” He believes that unknown artists are venturing “into the countryside close to your homes” to “carry out their craft, safe in the knowledge that they are continuing the legacy of the most science-oriented art movement in history.”
I’ve used him as an example in multiple crop circle articles that I’ve written, and that’s because there are strange measurements taken at crop circle locations that can’t be debunked.Taylor has suggested that crop circle artists are using GPS devices, lasers, and microwaves to create these astonishing patterns of geometric forms due to the measurements that he obviously became aware of in his research.
Some of these designs are so mysterious and complex that they’ve even been studied in a laboratory setting, and some have indicated that the nodes of some of the stalks were blasted out on one side. It’s not conclusively known how this was done, but the effect has been replicated by highly localized microwave heating. This type of technique causes water inside to vaporize and dislodge. As a result, the stock flops completely over to one side. (Dolan, Richard. UFOs For the 21st Century Mind: New York: Richard Dolan Press, 2014)
Here’s another angle, taken from a helicopter.
Many other scientists and academics, who are completely convinced that there should be serious attention given to these designs, would never have their work published, simply because of the implications and the fact that it defies belief. We see the same type of thing with regards to non-material science, and parapsychology which, despite having significant statistical results that match our ‘hard’ science, is still somewhat ridiculed by many. But things are changing and progress is being made.
And another:
What Does The Code Say?
Paul Vigay, a British computer consultant, notable for work in developing and supporting RISC OS software, a longtime research in the field, having also worked with Mel Gibson on the film signs, unfortunately died a very mysteries death, he was the one who discovered that the message was encoded in ASCI binary code. According to his interpretation, it reads:
“Beware the bearers of false gifts and their broken promises. Much pain but still time. (Damaged word.) There is good out there. We oppose deception. Conduit closing (bell sound).”
Video Footage of the Circle
Below are pictures taken from a youtube video, they are blurry screen shorts compared to the actual footage. This is one of many fascinating corp circles, that defy belief, regardless of whether it is human or extraterrestrial.
In this one you can see people roaming around in it after it’s been discovered. The traces in and out were made after its discovery for people to come and look at it, but there was no sign of entrance or exit prior.
This one you can see a couple of people standing in the binary area.
Strange Light Phenomenon
Another interesting oddity regarding crop circles is that the electromagnetic field over the area where the crop has been laid down to create the image is often electrostatically charged.
“There is a mounting body of evidence that suggests that a rare form of electromagnetic energy called an ionised plasma vortex (generally known as ball lighting) is involved.” – Greg Jefferys, historian.
This explanation was originally offered by physicist Dr. Terence Meadon, who believed that these patterns were the result of atmospheric phenomena. He suggested that wind currents and ionized plasmas are the culprit. This type of theory does have validity, as several investigators believe that some kind of light energy is key in creating these circles.
The light phenomenon is discussed and filmed in the video below, there are many floating around on youtube., and many pictures have been taken of this type of light which seems to go hand in hand with multiple crop circles. Military activity into ‘strange’ phenomenon is nothing new so the video below shouldn’t surprise you, especially now that it’s been disclosed that the military have been ‘chasing’ these objects for years.
Personally, based on my research over the years, I have no doubt that some of these designs are ‘extraterrestrial’ and or spiritual in nature I still have a lot of research to do, and there are a lot of peoples work in this area that I am still looking into.
The crop circle phenomenon is very interesting. Understandably, one might be quick to instantly dismiss the idea that some of these designs could be the work of some unknown entity. Many reasons to further ponder these wonders of the world exist.
Foster Gamble, heir to Proctor Gamble Corporation, and great-great-grandson to James Gamble, illustrates in his film Thrive that the extremely complex circles are also littered with strange magnetic particles.
Octopuses are aliens. That’s the claim being made by a team of 33 researchers published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.
They are not referring to aliens in a metaphorical sense, but literal aliens from outer space.
Since the paper was released on Sunday, a trickle of news coverage has turned into a torrent, with increasingly alarming headlines about octopuses and their extra-terrestrial origins.
It will not come as a surprise to many to learn that these claims have been roundly mocked by the scientific community, who have branded the paper – published in Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology – as ridiculous and unscientific.
What are the claims being made?
They suggest the Cambrian explosion, a sudden burst of life that occurred around 540 million years ago, was the result of extra-terrestrial intervention.
The paper asks whether this event, which saw the rapid emergence of most of the main animal groups that still exist on Earth today, was “terrestrial or cosmic”. Their conclusion is the latter.
How do the scientists suggest this would work?
Specifically, the researchers propose the idea that alien viruses crashed to Earth in a meteor, infected a population of primitive squid and caused them to evolve into octopuses.
Another theory they suggest is that fertilised squid or octopus eggs were delivered to Earth by a meteor.
Are octopuses aliens from outer space? This peer-reviewed article by 33 scientists argues that the octopus genome is too complex to have evolved naturally on earth and therefore that octopuses probably came...from space https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S007961071830
The idea is essentially a reimagining of the “panspermia” hypothesis, which suggests that life on Earth was “seeded” by space dust or asteroids crashing into Earth. One of its first proponents, Chandra Wickramasinghe, is one of the authors of the new paper.
Why do the researchers look at the octopus in particular?
Octopuses are weird. They are molluscs, meaning they are closely related to snails, and yet they are incredibly intelligent.
On top of their large brains and sophisticated nervous systems, the authors of the new paper list camera-like eyes, flexible bodies and ability to camouflage themselves by changing colour and shape as evidence of their extra-terrestrial origins.
So suddenly did these features appear in the octopus family tree that “it is plausible then to suggest they seem to be borrowed from a far distant ‘future’ in terms of terrestrial evolution, or more realistically from the cosmos at large,” the authors write.
“Such an extraterrestrial origin as an explanation of emergence of course runs counter to the prevailing dominant paradigm,” they continue. This is a strong contender for understatement of the century.
What reason is there to doubt the claims being made in the paper?
There are plenty of reasons. First off, as Mark Carnall from the Oxford University Museum of Natural History pointed out in a series of tweets, not one of the paper’s authors is a zoologist.
Much of the authors’ speculation rests on the idea that the genetics of octopuses and their relatives are mysterious – yet a 2015 paper published in Naturerevealed the octopus genome, so this is rather disingenuous.
Mark Carnall@mark_carnall
Okay, finally found some time to read the 'Octopus are aliens' paper and wow. This figure is everything. Here's where they jump the octopus. No #justice4cephalopods here.
In fact, octopus genes suggest they fit into the generally understood theory of the evolution of life on Earth, and require no alien invasion. They are thought to have split from the squid lineage around 135 million years ago.
Molecular geneticist Professor Karin Moelling of the Max Planck Institute Molecular Genetics, who was asked to review the report, concluded that it "cannot be taken seriously”.
The primary reason for doubt given by Professor Moelling is that there is “no evidence at all”.
Haven’t I heard something about octopuses being aliens before?
Writers are fond of comparing octopuses to aliens due to their unusual appearance and great intelligence. Philosopher Peter Godfrey-Smith, who has written a book about octopus intelligence titled Other Minds, has described them as “the closest we will come to meeting an intelligent alien”.
On top of that, this is not the first time octopuses have been mistakenly labelled aliens by the press.
An unfortunately worded press release concerning the Nature paper describing the octopus genome led to a slew of online news pieces in 2015 about researchers finding “alien DNA” in these creatures.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
THE MOST SHOCKING EVIDENCE THAT EARTH WAS VISITED BY ANCIENT ALIENS
THE MOST SHOCKING EVIDENCE THAT EARTH WAS VISITED BY ANCIENT ALIENS
The very words give me the chills: ancient aliens. In the early 1970s, when Erich von Däniken first released Chariots of the Gods, he called them “ancient astronauts”—a name that’s equally creepy. The Apollo missions were still going on, and the image of astronauts was fresh in everyone’s minds. Could ancient alien beings have arrived on Earth in the distant past? Would they have worn spacesuits, like our own astronauts?
If they truly visited our planet in millennia past: why were they here? What did the aliens do while they were on Earth?
Researchers have spent a lot of time looking into the question of whether we were visited so many millennia ago. The popular television show Ancient Aliens, although well-intentioned, has muddied the water in their search of show material—did we really need an episode asking whether aliens interfered with the American Civil War? (C’mon, guys. You’re off the reservation.)
Although we may not be ever know for sure that we had extraterrestrial visitors thousands of years in the past, perhaps if they did come, they might have left us modern people some clues. Let’s take a look at some of the most clear—and startling—evidence for the existence of ancient aliens on Earth.
ANCIENT ALIENS VISIT THE DOGON TRIBE?
African Tribe Possessed Knowledge Science Had Yet to Discover
This African tribe (whose name is pronounced “DOE-gone”) has known all sorts of specifics about the star Sirius for thousands of years, passed down from holy man to holy man. We’re talking details here, like how Sirius has a companion star (“Sirius B”), and that it circles the main star (“Sirius A”) every 50 years. Here’s the thing: it is absolutely true—but modern scientists didn’t know these things about Sirius until the middle of the 19th century. The Dogon knew a thousand years ago. Heck, the Dogon also knew that Sirius has a second companion star, and scientists didn’t discover it (“Sirius C”) until the 1990s.
How did the Dogon get this scientific information about Sirius B? If you ask them, they’ll tell you that the tribe was visited by the Nommos, an amphibian-like race that came from the Sirius star system in a noisy “ark” that spun and whipped up wind while it landed. It was the Nommos, a race of ancient aliens, who told the Dogon about their homeworld and its star cluster.
Knee-jerk skeptics like to invent reasons why all this can’t be true. Westerners must have stopped by and told them about Sirius, one denier said. There’s no way, though: the Dogon have artifacts that are thousands of years old, depicting Sirius and its companions. No one should have known this stuff that long ago, but the Dogon did.
This short video does a good job explaining the ancient Dogon knowledge. (I have no idea why the narrator pronounces Sirius as “SIGH-ree-us”, but we can give him a pass on that.)
THE PROPHET EZEKIEL DESCRIBES HIS ENCOUNTER WITH ANCIENT UFOS—IN THE BIBLE
Holy Scriptures Contain Account of Alien Contact?
Ask Erich von Däniken, the guy who pioneered the search for ancient aliens, and he’ll tell you his favorite evidence is in the Old Testament. It’s the story of Ezekiel and his bizarre encounter with UFOs.
Ezekiel was a prophet living in exile with the rest of the Hebrews in the land they called Babylon. Being a prophet was a highfalutin job back then, but Ezekiel’s life got even stranger—stranger than just being a guy who received special messages from the creator of the universe.
The prophet Ezekiel encounters a UFO and aliens 2,500 years ago
I looked, and I saw a windstorm coming out of the north—an immense cloud with flashing lightning and surrounded by brilliant light. The center of the fire looked like glowing metal, and in the fire was what looked like four living creatures. In appearance their form was human, but each of them had four faces and four wings.
Ezekiel 1:1-6
Some people read this and think: the dude was taking drugs. Others (knee-jerk skeptics) say: oh, it’s just more Biblical mumbo-jumbo. Devout people may say that Ezekiel saw angels.
Maybe.
What if this was Ezekiel actually saw something, and he didn’t know what it was, or how to explain it? If he actually encountered ancient aliens, how would he describe them? We think he’d probably describe them just like he did.
Next Ezekiel describes the machine that the being had arrived in, the machine that landed in a rush of wind.
Ezekiel confronts the great wheels within wheels. Did he meet ancient aliens?
I saw a wheel on the ground beside each creature with its four faces. This was the appearance and structure of the wheels: They sparkled like topaz … each appeared to be made like a wheel intersecting a wheel. As they moved, they would go in any one of the four directions the creatures faced; the wheels did not change direction as the creatures went.
Ezekiel 1:15-19
Doesn’t that sound like a spacecraft to you? Why would a man living 500 years B.C. write a description that sounds so much like the landing and maneuvering of an alien ship? Surely this was not just random. Remember: Ezekiel was devoutly religious, and he would interpret amazing events as signs from God. If beings appeared, he would assume they were angels. But perhaps they were ancient aliens.
What about their technology? Ezekiel’s description was of an alien craft with advanced maneuverability.
This story of the machine that had wheels-within-wheels impressed NASA engineer Joe Blumrich a lot. A wheel that could move in any direction without having to turn—that sounded like something a planetary exploration vehicle could use. He went on to invent a wheel based on Ezekiel’s description, and called it the “omni wheel.” Joe received a US patent for it in 1972. Today, omni wheels are routinely used in robot vehicles. Blumrich also wrote a popular book, The Spaceships of Ezekiel, in which he explained that after starting out intending to disprove the idea, he’d become convinced that Ezekiel truly had been writing about an encounter with ancient aliens.
“THOSE WHO CAME FROM THE SKIES TO THE EARTH”
World’s Oldest Civilization Leaves Record of Alien Contact
The ancient Sumerians lived 5,000 years ago in what’s now the country of Iraq. They left behind humankind’s first writings, books older than the Bible and the Hindu Vedas.
The Sumerians wrote a lot about the Anunnaki, whose name means “those who came from the skies to Earth”. Modern scholars have assumed that the stories of the Annunaki were just myths about Sumerian gods—but the stories themselves sound more like tales of ancient aliens.
In the writings, the Annunaki came to Earth from a lost planet in our solar system—one with such a wide orbit that it rarely approaches us. They called the planet Nibiru.
The leaders of the ancient aliens were named Enki and Enlil. They were here for gold, a mineral they needed but did not have enough of. Mines were set up there in Sumer, but also in Africa as well. Vusamazulu Credo Mutwa, a Zulu elder and author of Zulu Shaman: Dreams, Prophecies, and Mysteries, says that ancient tribal traditions speak of “visitors from the stars” who mined for gold.
After mining for some time, the Anunnaki realized that the local humanoids—Homo Erectus, our ancestors—might make useful slaves if they could make them smarter. After improving the proto-humans, presumably with DNA modification, they managed to create a hybrid race: part Anunnaki, part early human. These new beings, called the Adamu, were the first real humans. They were also the new slaves who would work in the gold mines.
Ancient Sumerian cylindrical seal shows an accurate map of our solar system
Our hybrid ancestors didn’t stand for this situation for long, though, probably because these newly created beings were far too smart. Who wants to be a slave? They eventually rose up and rebelled, and eventually, a new Adamu society formed, one which maintained an uneasy truce with the Anunnaki.
The Sumerians recorded this history after first inventing writing. They also made engravings and art of the Anunnaki along with knowledge they had received from them—for instance, an ancient Sumerian seal depicts the Sumerian “gods” along with an accurate representation of our solar system, with 11 planets. The planets have correct proportions (Jupiter is the largest, then Saturn, and so on), and the depiction also includes the asteroid belt. Remember that modern science only discovered Uranus and Neptune in the past 150 years, and that scientists are only now saying that there is gravitational evidence for a “lost” planet with a weird, oblong orbit. Are there truly 11 planets? It may be so.
Sumerian artwork always depicts members of the Anunnaki as having wings. Did they actually have wings? It seems unlikely—many researchers believe the wings are meant to show that the Anunnaki had the ability to fly, as in ships. Other strange and telling things appear in the artwork: the goddess Ishtar’s symbol, which stood for the concept of “life”, bears a striking resemblance to the entwined double helix of DNA. Could that be more than a coincidence?
We’ve been kind of critical of the show Ancient Aliens, but this segment from an early episode explains all this pretty well (below). We also very much like this documentary about the Anunnaki and the planet Nibiru.
ANCIENT ALIENS FIGHT WARS IN THE SKIES OF ANCIENT INDIA
Hindu Holy Books Called The Vedas Describe Alien Encounters
There is strong evidence that ancient aliens visited other places around the Earth. In India, for example, the ancient holy books known as The Vedas tell of a space war between ships and fought in the skies. The descriptions of the ships are remarkable—translated, it is difficult to imagine that they were describing anything except spacecraft.
The Vedas state that “strong and durable must the body of the Vimana be made, like a great flying bird of light material. Inside one must put the mercury engine with its iron heating apparatus underneath. By means of the power latent in the mercury which sets the driving whirlwind in motion, a man sitting inside may travel a great distance in the sky. The movements of the Vimana are such that it can vertically ascend, vertically descend, move slanting forwards and backwards. With the help of the machines human beings can fly in the air and heavenly beings can come down to earth.”
Spacecraft as described in the ancient Hindu holy books called The Vedas
No, that’s not a spacecraft they’re describing. No way.
“Fifty years of researching this ancient works convinces me that there are living beings on other planets and that they visited Earth as far back as 4,000 BC. There is just a mass of fascinating information about flying machines, even fantastic science fiction weapons that can be found in translations of The Vedas, Indian epics and other ancient Sanskrit text.” That’s Dr. Vijaya Raghavan, speaking; he was head of the Sanskrit department of the University of Madras in India (now retired). His job, if it’s not obvious, was to study The Vedas; his conclusion was that they described real events in which aliens came to Earth.
In other parts of The Vedas, we get a description of something that can only be a nuclear explosion.
“Gurkha flying in his swift and powerful Vimana hurled against the three cities of the Vrishis and Andhakas a single projectile charged with all the power of the Universe. An incandescent column of smoke and fire, as brilliant as ten thousands suns, rose in all its splendor. It was the unknown weapon, the Iron Thunderbolt, a gigantic messenger of death which reduced to ashes the entire race of the Vrishnis and Andhakas.”
So what do we make of that? Just ancient imagination that happens to sound exactly like nuclear devastation? Sure, you deniers and skeptics, sure. You’re probably right. It’s ancient nonsense. Right?
Hungry for more?
Check out Google searches about the Nazca lines, and the Mayan king Pakal at the pyramid of Palenque. We could go on; there’s a lot of strange evidence on our Earth that is dismissed far too easily by mainstream science. Because the universe is mundane, and it has to be mundane—that is, if you’re a knee-jerk skeptic addicted to the idea that the universe is mundane.
Now, if you want to see the original film that inspired all this hysteria, it’s below: Chariots of the Gods, from the early 1970s. Yes, sure, it’s cheesy—it’s from the ’70s! But it’s still pretty cool, we think.
Space is a dangerous place. Aside from all of the lightsaber-wielding Sith lords, cybernetic hiveminds from the Delta Quadrant, and those sexy-but-oh-so-pesky Cylons, there are all of the space-related illnesses and natural dangers to worry about. Human visitors to outer space have to worry about mysterious “space fever,” excessive levels of cosmic radiation, and (hypothetical) alien viruses.
Still dream of being an astronaut?
One of the most worrisome threats to space travelers, though – aside from the cyborg hiveminds – is the host of genetic changes which can occur as a result of spending significant time in space. Astronauts have been returning to Earth with altered genes, and scientists still aren’t sure why. To make matters worse, a new study has found that moon dust can actually cause damage to human DNA and utterly decimate lung and brain cells. What will this mean for our plans of moon colonization?
For one, it means you should keep your space boots on and spacesuits zipped up tight. More importantly, it means any potential lunar colonies will have an ever-present danger to worry about all around them. According to new researchpublished in the journal GeoHealth, several different variations of lunar soil simulants were found to cause extensive cell death in brain cells and lung cells. More worryingly, write the authors, these soil simulants caused damage to human DNA, casting a pall over all of the various plans for lunar colonization being thrown around:
Exposure of neuronal and lung epithelial cells in culture to several types of lunar soil simulants caused cell death and DNA damage. DNA damage can be both short‐term and long‐term problems, and it can affect both the nuclear and the mitochondrial genome. Clearly, avoidance of lunar dust inhalation will be important for future explorers, but with increased human activity on the Moon it is likely that adventitious exposure will occur, particularly for individuals spending long periods of time on that body.
For decades, scientists and science fiction writers have dreamed of the day when mankind would establish permanent colonies on the Moon. Given that lunar dust covers nearly every inch of the moon, this recent study could complicate those dreams significantly – especially given the fact that moon dust is known to ‘levitate’ above the lunar surface thanks to electrostatic fields.
Who knew regular ol’ lunar dust could be so deadly?
Maybe the moon isn’t such a good candidate for colonization after all. Will we be able find a suitable new home in space before it’s too late? Time to get cracking on a solution, Elon.
The world’s most successful director has had a lifelong obsession with UFOs, and his films have moulded our expectations of otherworldly visitors. Between them, Steven Spielberg’s alien movies have grossed far in excess of a billion dollars… and that’s just his directorial projects. As producer, Spielberg’s alien-themed credits include the Men in Blackfranchise (1997–2012), the alien abduction mini-series, Taken(2002), the Transformers franchise (2007 –), the alien invasion series, Falling Skies (2011–2015), and Super 8 (2011), among many others. That Spielberg continues to make movies about alien visitation is not just down to good business sense but is due in no small part to his own childhood fascination with UFOs—a fascination that would intensify into his late-twenties and culminate in his cathartic production of Close Encounters of the Third Kind (1977).
In 2005, Spielberg returned to the alien subgenre with the world’s biggest movie star, Tom Cruise, for a cinematic updating of H.G. Wells’ War of the Worlds. In the classic story, Martians from a dying civilization view our thriving planet with envious eyes and launch a full-scale invasion to claim it as their own, only to be defeated by the tiniest of foes—the human germ.
Dreamworks and Paramount Studios poured $132 million into the Spielberg-Cruise project and would eventually see an impressive $607 million return on their investment. The combination of Spielberg, Cruise, and aliens was a no-brainer. It’s now been 13 years since the release of War of the Worlds, and it’s as good a time as any to look back at what, at the time, promised to be one of the biggest and best sci-fi movies ever made.
Spielberg’s film tapped into what Susan Sontag referred to as the “imagination of disaster,” fear of “the cataclysmic destruction of civilization, [and] mayhem of an unimaginably higher order than we had ever seen before.” The director stated to the press that his film’s distinctive imagery was intentionally reminiscent of that seen in New York as the Twin Towers fell, and, with dialogue like “is it terrorists?” during the first wave of the aliens’ sneak-attack, the parallels are far from subtle.
The tagline for Spielberg’s film, “They’re already here,” is a reference to the fact that the aliens strike not from above, but from below, having buried themselves beneath our feet in a time long forgotten. “They’ve been planning this for a million years,” says Tim Robbins’ cracked survivalist, Ogilvy, “They defeated the greatest power in the world in a couple of days. Walked right over us… this is not a war any more than there’s a war between men and maggots. This is an extermination.”
Spielberg on set with Dakota Fanning and Tom Cruise.
The most terrifying scenes in War of the Worlds are entirely alien-free—it is the human-on-human violence that draws the most horrified gasps. As panic grips the world, humanity’s basest survivalist instinct kicks in. Within hours, it’s every man for himself as widespread looting, car-jacking, and general criminality sweep the streets, and it is in these moments that Spielberg’s film is arguably at its most realistic, such behaviour being tragically inevitable when a society fractures through external force.
Appropriately, in a nod to sound science, Spielberg chose to dispense with all things Martian by removing from his adaptation all references to the Red Planet, opting instead to leave the aliens’ origin to the imagination of the viewer. Presumably their roots are extra-solar—numerous NASA missions over the decades having thrown cold water on the idea that Mars might be teeming with sentient life.
Spielberg’s movie was backed by the US Department of Defense, and it gives considerable screen time to the US armed forces, despite them being essentially helpless in the face of an overwhelmingly superior foe. It is only when the alien tripods’ impenetrable force fields are rendered ineffective by Earthly bacteria that US troops are able to inflict any damage on them whatsoever.
In contrast to its disapproval of Independence Day, the DoD had no qualms about cooperating with Spielberg on War of the Worlds. However, unlike Independence Day, Spielberg’s movie did not draw explicitly from modern UFO mythology as its narrative featured no government conspiracy, no UFO-related terminology (such as “Area 51”), no references to historical UFO events (such as Roswell), nor, indeed, did it feature any UFOs in the conventional sense—only the tripods of H. G. Wells’ source material. So, while War of the Worlds projected to audiences a vivid, vérité rendering of what a post-9/11 alien invasion might look like in reality, crucially, for the Pentagon, it also provided a recruitment-friendly depiction of the professionalism and sheer fire power with which the US military would respond to such an invasion.
Although Spielberg’s movie features no “UFOs” in the conventional sense (due in part to his source material having been written 49 years prior to the birth of the modern UFO phenomenon), the director, a self-described “UFOlogist,” did add some UFOlogical flourishes. The film’s aliens, for example, have large glassy black eyes and yawning craniums, and, from their shoulders-up, at least, bear a striking resemblance to the iconic alien Gray.
Spielberg is arguably the master of the modern alien movie, so a Spielberg adaptation of history’s best-loved alien novel should have been a masterpiece. Instead, what the director delivered was a handful of impressive set-pieces desperately in search of a cohesive movie. David Koepp’s flimsy screenplay is driven for the most part by two-dimensional characters.
Spielberg had worked previously with Tom Cruise on the brilliant Minority Report (2002), and the two superstars evidently felt a second sci-fi team-up would be a great idea. Cruise has delivered a number of outstanding dramatic performances during his long career (Rain Man, Magnolia, for example), but here, in the role of Ray Ferrier, the actor is set to cruise-control (pardon the pun). He does his best playing the everyman, but no matter how fast he runs from Spielberg’s aliens, he never escapes the fact that he’s Tom Cruise—a cinematic mega-hero whose survival skills and ultimate fate are never in question. We never truly fear for his safety or doubt the fact that he will protect and save his imperiled daughter, Rachel (Dakota Fanning). He’s TOM CRUISE. In short, he was miscast in the role, and his powerful presence drastically imbalances a movie that was meant to show how ordinary people (not extraordinary people) respond to an extraordinary situation.
Spielberg and Cruise on set for War of the Worlds (2005)
There’s also the issue of *that* ending. The death of the Martians in Wells’ original story by way of exposure to Earthly bacteria was always a bit of a damp squib, but Spielberg’s handling of it is especially disappointing, as, like the alien tripods, the movie simply collapses in its final act, dragging itself limply towards a frankly infuriating resolution which sees Ray miraculously reunited with his son, Robbie (Justin Chatwin)—completely unscathed from the napalm conflagration that had seemingly consumed him earlier in the movie. It’s one of the most slapdash, inexplicable endings of Spielberg’s career.
Still, despite its many flaws, there’s a great deal of fun to be had in War of the Worlds. For the most part, Spielberg shoots us up with adrenaline as few other filmmakers can do, and there are moments of genuine terror and dread. If only Spielberg could here have balanced his famous technical prowess with his oft-exhibited mastery of human drama.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
Fleet Of Six UFOs Over Las Cabras, Chile On May 17, 2018, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Fleet Of Six UFOs Over Las Cabras, Chile On May 17, 2018, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: May 17, 2018 Location of sighting: Las Cabras, Chile An eyewitness of this event saw six or more UFOs falling from the sky. The UFOs are leaving long white trails behind them, which tells us the direction they came from, outside earths atmosphere. An entire fleet of alien craft enter our atmosphere. Awesome video. Clearly Chile is a hotbed of UFO activity that needs more attention. Scott Waring-Taiwan
World's 'Most Advanced' Camera Will Hunt for Alien Worlds
World's 'Most Advanced' Camera Will Hunt for Alien Worlds
By Tereza Pultarova, Space.com Contributor
DARKNESS, which researchers call the world's most advanced camera, will be able to directly image planets orbiting alien stars.
Credit: UCSB
A new type of camera developed by U.S. researchers will allow astronomers to directly image planets around nearby stars in the search for another Earth.
The camera, called DARKNESS (the DARK-speckle Near-infrared Energy-resolved Superconducting Spectrophotometer), relies on extremely sensitive superconductor detectors to gather light from distant worlds.
According to physicist Ben Mazin, from the University of California, Santa Barbara, who led the team developing the camera, current optical and near-infrared telescopes use cameras with semi-conductor detectors — the same type that can be found in cellphones and digital cameras. [How Do You Spot an Alien Planet from Earth? (Infographic)]
But semiconductor sensors, Mazin said, have certain limitations that make it difficult for this technology to image faint objects — such as distant stars and planets in their vicinity — a problem that he hopes the novel technology in the DARKNESS camera, based on super-conducting detectors, will solve.
"When a single photon with the energy of more than 1 electron volt hits a semiconductor detector, it frees one electron," said Mazin. "In a superconducting detector, it frees something like 5,000 or 10,000 electrons. And since there are many more electrons to measure, we can do things that you can't do with the semiconductor detector."
DARKNESS' new technology, called microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs), works at extremely low temperatures, only a tenth of a degree above absolute zero, said Mazin. The superconductor, made of platinum silicide, acts like an inductor, an electrical component that stores energy in a magnetic field, and works in conjunction with a capacitor, which stores energy in the form of an electric field, to form an oscillator, an electric circuit that can detect signal at a particular frequency.
When a photon hits the superconductor, it "shifts the resonance frequency of the oscillator," said Mazin. "We measure this shift to determine when a photon comes in and how much energy it had."
Thanks to its sensitivity, the 10,000-pixel DARKNESS camera enables the direct imaging of planets in the vicinity of nearby stars by detecting the light they reflect. The famous exoplanet hunter the Kepler telescope relied on an indirect method, called the transit technique, which detects the dip in the star's brightness as a planet passes in front of it.
"The transit technique is great, but you need to have a perfect alignment of the planet and the star to see it transit," said Mazin. "Only about 1 percent of stars show transits. They are very rare."
Another indirect technique for detecting exoplanets measures changes in the radial velocity of the star — its tiny wobbles — and the influence of an orbiting planet.
The direct-imaging technique used by the DARKNESS camera, could, Mazin said, be the most versatile planet-finding process.
"It actually takes a picture of the star and the planet," said Mazin. "You can [even] get a spectrum of the planet, but it's extremely technically challenging."
The camera has so far been tested in four runs on the 5-meter (16 feet) Hale telescope at the Palomar Observatory near San Diego. Mazin said the biggest obstacle the instrument needs to overcome is the Earth's atmosphere, which causes the twinkling seen in stars.
"We are trying to look for a tiny, little point of light right next to a bright light, and the atmosphere just blurs it all into one giant blob," said Mazin. "We are using an adaptive optic system, which is a rubber mirror and a wave-front sensor, which measures the atmosphere and changes the mirror 2,000 times per second to take out that atmospheric distortion."
Later this year, the researchers plan to deploy an even larger, 20,000-pixel camera on an 8-m (26 feet) telescope at Mauna Kea in Hawaii.
"Going from a 5-m to an 8-m telescope is a big improvement in what you can see," said Mazin. "Mauna Kea is the best site in the world for this kind of work, and we hope that the 8-m telescope in combination with a very powerful adaptive optic system will allow us to start finding more planets and for the first time start seeing planets in reflected light."
Mazin said he hopes the technology will be used in the future 30-m (98 feet) telescopes, which will be powerful enough to read the spectrum of the reflected light from exoplanets around nearby stars and look for signatures of life in those worlds' atmospheres.
Super-conducting detectors have previously been used in sub-millimeter telescopes and telescopes measuring cosmic microwave background; however, scaling them up has so far been challenging, said Mazin.
The new work was detailed in April in the journal Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific.
Brrr! Earth-Like Alien Planets Could Experience 'Snowball States'
Brrr! Earth-Like Alien Planets Could Experience 'Snowball States'
By Chelsea Gohd, Space.com Staff Writer
A NASA artist visualized what Earth would look like if it entered the "snowball state" predicted by new research from the University of Washington.
Credit: NASA
Earth-like planets with severe tilts and orbits could enter abrupt "snowball states," in which entire oceans freeze and surface life cannot survive, according to new research.
Researchers at the University of Washington (UW) have found a new reason why, just because a planet is located in a "habitable zone" — meaning it's close enough to its host star to sustain liquid water — it isn't necessarily habitable. The team found that the axial tilt and orbital dynamics of planets in the habitable zone around "G dwarf" stars like our own sun can lead to "snowball states," which are essentially extreme ice ages.
This new research looked at how a planet's obliquity, or the angle at which a planet's rotation axis tilts, and its orbital eccentricity, a parameter that determines the amount that an orbit deviates from a perfect circle, could affect that planet's potential to be habitable. [How Habitable Zones Around Stars Work (Infographic)]
Previous research suggested that planets in a habitable zone with a sun-like star that had a severe axial tilt or tilting orbit would be warmer, according to the statement. The team's research found that the opposite holds true, which was quite a shock, they said."We found that planets in the habitable zone could abruptly enter 'snowball' states if the eccentricity or the semi-major axis variations — changes in the distance between a planet and star over an orbit — were large or if the planet's obliquity increased beyond 35 degrees," Russell Deitrick, lead author of the new work and a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Bern who completed this research at UW,said in a statement.
Luckily, Earth's axial tilt varies ever so slightly, leaving Earth "a relatively calm planet, climate-wise," co-author Rory Barnes, an astronomer at UW, said in the statement. But, as it pertains to exoplanets, Deitrick "has essentially shown that ice ages on exoplanets can be much more severe than on Earth, that orbital dynamics can be a major driver of habitability and that the habitable zone is insufficient to characterize a planet's habitability," Barnes said.
A planet's position in the habitable zone is typically a major factor in considering whether it may be habitable. However, this new research shows that even if a planet seems Earth-like and is orbiting at the right distance from its star, if "its orbit and obliquity oscillate like crazy, another planet might be better for follow-up with telescopes of the future," Deitrick said.
This Newfound X-Ray Pulsar Is Orbiting Its Partner at Record Speed
This Newfound X-Ray Pulsar Is Orbiting Its Partner at Record Speed
By Chelsea Gohd, Space.com Staff Writer
A powerful X-ray pulsar is whipping around its stellar partner at a record-breaking speed.
According to new data from the Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) system, which was installed aboard the International Space Station last June, these two stars revolve around each other once every 38 minutes — the fastest orbit ever observed in a pulsar binary system like this.
Of the two stars, one is an X-ray pulsar, which is a superdense neutron star that shoots out X-rays as it spins, researchers said in a new study describing the finding. Pulsars form when massive stars explode in a supernova blast, leaving behind a whirling stellar core. This particular pulsar is known as an accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar (AMXP). [Inside a Neutron Star (Infographic)]
The pulsar, called IGR J17062-6143 (J17062 for short), is closer to its partner star than Earth is to the moon. Because of how close the two are, and the brutal speeds at which they're traveling, "It's not possible for a hydrogen-rich star, like our sun, to be the pulsar's companion. You can't fit a star like that into an orbit so small," lead study author Tod Strohmayer, an astrophysicist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland, said in a statement. This led the team to conclude that the second star is likely a hydrogen-poor white dwarf — white dwarf stars are small, dense stars, often the size of Earth, that are formed when low-mass stars go through gravitational collapse.
This newly discovered binary system with an X-ray pulsar is moving at record-breaking speed.
Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center
The discovery of this system was supported by earlier observations made by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer in 2008. Because NICER has been able to make observations for longer periods of time, the team can now confirm the record speed of this unique pulsar binary system.
As the two stars revolve around each other, over time material from the white dwarf donor star will build up on the pulsar. If the pressure of this buildup increases to the point where its atoms fuse, J17062 could explode with the energy equivalent to 100 15-megaton bombs detonating over every square centimeter, Strohmayer explained in the statement. But the pulsar has not yet reached such a point.
These findings, however, do more than prove the existence of such a fast-orbiting binary system. Neutron stars like J17062 "turn out to be truly unique nuclear physics laboratories, from a terrestrial standpoint," Zaven Arzoumanian, an astrophysicist at NASA Goddard and lead scientist for NICER, said in the statement. "We can't recreate the conditions on neutron stars anywhere within our solar system."
By studying neutron stars like J17062, scientists can examine elements of subatomic physics in ways that simply aren't possible in human-made laboratories, Arzoumanian said. So, with the discovery of a neutron star in such a unique system, scientists will have the opportunity to better understand these stars and how they behave.
The work was detailed May 9 in The Astrophysical Letters.
Over the years, obscure and mostly meaningless formations and indentations in fields and land usually owned by farmers have been randomly discovered around the world spanning the United Kingdom to Canada. Are these so-called alien formations manmade by hoaxers or could they be the calling card left behind by actual extraterrestrial beings?
Everyone loves a good mystery and the idea of where or who makes these crop circles has been an interesting topic of long conversations over the years. The term “crop circle” is actually pretty modern, only becoming the buzzword for these strange land anomalies in the early 1980s by a man named Colin Andrews.
In actuality, these crop circles mostly done in the dark of the night are created by flattening farmers crops and creating designs that bewilder the public, seemingly destructive in nature and yet at the same time these beautiful and different configurations capture the eye when viewed from above.
The first piece of evidence is an illustration from 1678 that appears to show a field of oat stalks laid out in a circle. Some take this to be a first-hand account of what is now called a crop circle, however, some historical investigation shows otherwise. Marks like this were found described in a pamphlet called The Mowing Devil. According to an English farmer, this legend was described happening in 1678 in which he was arguing with his neighbor, also a farmer, about his field of oats and paying a certain fee to get the job done. He was quoted as saying “I would rather pay the Devil himself” to do the job than pay his neighbor. In the pamphlet, the circles were described as “spiraling circles in a field done by the devil”. The drawing is of the devil himself holding a scythe and working the field, creating a rather intriguing design in the midst of his work supposedly all done during the night. Today, according to some, this story is considered more folklore than fact as it’s been stated that it actually wasn’t crops at all, but rather just a grassy field.
The most common crop circles started appearing in the English countryside during the 70’s, however, it was during the decade between 1980’s and the 1990’s when these crop circles began increasing in number and complexity of each design, mostly from flattened crops of wheat and barley used in making cereal. In fact, in 1990, over 1,000 of these crop circles have been sighted and reported all over the English countryside as well as now being sighted also in Canada. Since then the area around Wiltshire has become an increasingly popular area exhibiting a vast portfolio of more elaborate crop circles. One example is a 150-foot-wide (46-meter-wide) crop circle that seemed as if it was a coded representation of the first ten digits of the mathematical constant Pi that appeared in 2008.
Many have laid claim to these crop circles happening only to have their stories debunked. As in the case of what some call the first crop circle which appeared near the small town of Tully, Australia in 1966. A farmer claimed he saw what appeared to be a UFO close to a marshy area of land. He also claims that in that same area there seemed to be a circular region of reeds and grass that had been flattened. However, later police investigators said this occurrence was most likely caused by the weather, known as a dust devil or waterspout. Or was it?
One of the most famous and important crop circles in history today was actually produced by three hoaxers who later confessed they did it in the very early hours of the morning and it took them about three hours to create. It had only been noticed much later that afternoon by someone flying over the area. It was in the summer of July 1996 and dubbed as one of the world's most intricate and stunning crop circles that appeared in the countryside of Wiltshire, England. Although other shapes and sizes have been found in these phenomenons, if you think about it, circles are the easiest shapes for hoaxers or human beings to create making the most of the light on full moon nights the most popular times. One would think with today’s technological advances there would be some type of evidence recorded. This makes them even more suspicious and mysterious.
So, the questions still remain to this day. Are these so-called crop circle patterns cryptic messages from beyond, freak weather and wind patterns, or just humans putting their own creative imagination artwork out there for the world to see? We may never know the exact cause or the “who” behind these marvelous works of art, but one thing is for sure, they are an incredible sight.
Is a new type of UFO appearing across the globe? Last month, Mysterious Universe reported on a floating “humanoid” UFO seen in Brazil, that had strange similarities to other “humanoid” UFO’s filmed and photographed in different parts of the world. A new video has just surfaced, this time in Houston, Texas, that shows a ‘floating tower’ shaped UFO in steady flight across the night sky. While there is no mention of a humanoid nature to this UFO in the video, the shape is undeniably similar.
The video, as reported by the Daily Star, was shared to MUFONand picked up by the YouTube channel TexasUFOs. It shows a shape longer than it is wide, floating perpendicular to the ground. It moves at a constant, steady rate. The object doesn’t seem to be making any sound, but it is hard to tell over the ambient noise with no knowledge of distance from the camera. According to the Star, the witness described the UFO like this:
Object was moving north-northwest and was keeping the same elevation and didn’t move like balloons.
Much larger, vertical structure like a floating tower with a pointed tip at the top.
Some comments suggested that the object is a drone carrying some sort of “contraption”, though what that could be is hard to say. The Daily Star headline suggests that it’s some sort of top secret military drone. Other than YouTube comments, however, there doesn’t seem to be any base for those claims.
Pareidolia is the recognizing of familiar patterns, like a humanoid shape, where they’re not. Rorshach inkblot tests are a great example.
A similar sighting was also reported earlier in April, 2018, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Filmed on a beach, the video shows another ‘floating tower’ or ‘humanoid’ UFO hovering in the sky. When compared with the Brazil ‘humanoid’ case or the Sydneyand Abu Dhabi cases it’s easy to see the similarities between these and the two recent sightings in the USA. It’s impossible to say with any certainty what these objects are. The ‘humanoid’ shape is almost certainly a case of pareidolia, but because of that it’s even easier to see the similarities.
Certainly we can say that, in the last 12 months, there have been at least five sightings of UFOs that share a strange tower shape. There have been comparisons drawn between these and the fabled “Black Knight” satellite of UFO lore. We have to be careful, however. As our drone technology increases, it will become increasingly more common to see unidentified things in the sky, and just as there’s a divide between interpreting classic flying saucer UFOs as either alien spaceships or top-secret military craft, so too will there be a divide between seeing UFOs like these as mysterious and unexplained or as previously unseen drones, either military or civilian.
The Black Knight satellite picture that was captured by NASA
Then there’s that supremely strange possibility that whatever the UFO phenomenon is, it changes how it presents itself based on the culture and expectations of the present day, demons and fairies become little green men, become grays, become floating humanoids. Maybe our species will always see strange things in the sky, ever slightly out of the reach of explanation.
New NASA Study Reveals Jupiter’s Moon Europa May Hide Alien Life
New NASA Study Reveals Jupiter’s Moon Europa May Hide Alien Life
When NASA explored Jupiter’s Moon Europa in 1997, the Galileo Spacecraft flew through a ‘blast’ of alien ocean water, a new study has revealed.
The hidden waters of Europa, one of Jupiter’s moons, have become the primary objective in the search for extraterrestrial life for space agencies around the globe.
Now, thanks to a new analysis of data gathered by NASA’s Galileo Spacecraft more than 20 years ago, experts have revealed that the mon may be home to all necessary ingredients to sustain life as we know it.
A view of Jupiter’s moon Europa created from images taken by the Galileo spacecraft in the late 1990s.
Image Credit: JPL-Caltech/NASA
Scientists have recently revealed that that Galileo, a satellite that investigated Jupiter and its moons for almost 14 years, flew through a massive plume of water vapor that emerged from the icy surface of Jupiter’s Moon in the form of a geyser and reached a height of hundreds of kilometers.
“There were some anomalous features in that close pass in December 1997 that we never fully understood,” said Margaret Kivelson, a senior scientist on the Galileo mission and emeritus professor of space physics at the University of California in Los Angeles.
“We went back and looked at them more thoroughly and discovered that they were just what you’d expect if we’d flown through a plume.”
According to the new study led by Xianzhe Jia, from the University of Michigan, the data was already there.
Only now we seem to confirm the idea that had already emerged from observations of the Hubble Space Telescope taken in 2012.
Voyager 1 took these photos of Jupiter and two of its satellites (Io, left, and Europa right).
Image Credit: NASA/JPL
“The data was already there, but we needed advanced technology to make sense of the observations,” Jia said it’s a statement.
Back in 1997, when NASA’s Galileo spacecraft flew some 200 kilometers above Europa’s surface, mission scientists never thought that their spacecraft had flown through a plume of water vapor from the icy moon.
Researchers involved in the Galileo mission and a recent reanalysis of the data revealed that the spacecraft may have flown right through a plume roughly 20 years ago, during its closest flyby. An artist’s impression is pictured.
However, after learning a lot about water plumes, and water vapor from Enceladus, one of Saturn’s moons, and after a number of 3D studies, experts concluded that Jupiter’s Moon Europa might also have similar occurrences.
“Our detection of a plume based on the Galileo data certainly strengthens the case for future exploration of Europa,” Jia said. One Nasa mission, Europa Clipper, is scheduled to launch in the 2020s with the express aim of finding out whether the Jovian moon could harbor life. Another mission, ESA’s Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer, or Juice, is expected to launch around the same time and perform flybys of Europa and two other Jovian moons, Ganymede and Callisto.
The Surface of Europa, photographed in 1997 by the Galileo Spacecraft.
Image CRedit: NASA/JPL
“Given the evidence of plumes available so far, there is a good chance that those spacecraft may obtain direct measurements of plumes ejecting material from the subsurface ocean into space,” said Jia.
“Those observations will provide crucial information for us to assess Europa’s potential for life.”
Planet Nine Breakthrough: Scientists Spot Distant Object In Our Solar System
Planet Nine Breakthrough: Scientists Spot Distant Object In Our Solar System
Scientists say—once again—that a previously undiscovered world may lurk in the outermost reaches of our solar system.
For several years, astronomers have debated whether or not such a planet exists beyond the orbit of Pluto.
Now, a new study may have finally found evidence the elusive world—dubbed as planet Nine is not just a myth.
Using data from the Dark Energy Survey— a visible and near-infrared survey that aims to probe the dynamics of the expansion of the Universe and the growth of large-scale structure—experts spotted a never-before-seen object.
And while the Dark Energy Survey is an unlikely tool for finding objects inside out solar system since nearly all of them orbit within the plane, it did come in handy for spotting the newly found object: it has an orbit tilted by 45 degrees with respect to the planet of the solar system, and its something scientists in the new study didn’t expect to see.
Nevertheless, it was something predicted by Batygin and Brown, Caltech researchers who proposed in 2016 the planet was real.
But despite this, David Gerdes, an astronomer at the University of Michigan and a co-author on the new paper told Quanta Magazine “It’s not proof that Planet Nine exists.”
“But I would say the presence of an object like this in our solar system bolsters the case for Planet Nine,” added Gerdes.
The new study describes how astronomers have come across a ‘distant’ rocky object—perhaps as large as a dwarf planet—which they argue was pushed into an extraordinary orbit by the gravitational pull of a massive, undiscovered world.
They argue that this discovery offers unprecedented evidence that planet nine must be out there somewhere.
In 2016, astronomers investigated the strange orbits of six objects in a distant region of icy bodies stretching beyond Neptune. The objects had orbits that point in the same direction and are tilted 30° ‘downward’ compared to the solar plane in which the eight planets circle the sun. This fact say experts, is a tell-tale sign of the existence of a massive world.
Image Credit: Caltech.
Planet Nine—A world astronomers hunt for desperately
The elusive alien world was first proposed to exist by astronomers at Caltech in 2016, as they spotted how a group of icy objects at the edge of our solar system have strange, tilted orbits.
“It has a real magnetism to it,” said Gregory Laughlin, an astronomer at Yale University.
“I mean, finding a 10-Earth-mass planet in our solar system would be a discovery of unrivaled scientific magnitude.”
Caltech astronomers suggested how the orbits of so-called trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) were altered by the gravitational pull of a planet ten times the mass of earth, located beyond Pluto.
Researchers discovered back then how the TNOs had elliptical orbits all pointing in the same direction. They also found the objects were tilted around 30 degrees ‘downward’ compared to the planet in which the planets of our solar system orbit the sun.
And while there has been ample evidence that suggests such a planet isn’t just a myth, we have failed to spot the elusive world in the sky.
NASA says its probably real
In 2017, NASA joined the discussion about the elusive planet. The Space Agency highlighted five different lines of evidence that suggest such a planet is real.
The US Space Agency also said that the ‘inexistence’ of planet Nine generates more problems than it solves.
Dr. Konstantin Batygin from Caltech said:
“There are now five different lines of observational evidence pointing to the existence of Planet Nine. If you were to remove this explanation and imagine Planet Nine does not exist, then you generate more problems than you solve. All of a sudden, you have five different puzzles, and you must come up with five different theories to explain them.
Tesla, like the genius he was, was way ahead of his time.
He envisioned a bright and positive future for mankind, as he patented and created hundreds of technologies that no one before had envisioned, nor dared to imagine.
In this article, we take a look at seven ‘lost’ inventions by Tesla, which many people are unaware of.
1. Tesla’s UFO—antigravity technology
We know that Tesla was all about free energy and alternative powers sources.
Actually, it wasn’t unidentified.
Despite this, the methods and design of Tesla’s revolutionary vehicle is believed to match the description of people who witnessed disk-shaped flying objects, or UFO’s.
It is believed that Tesla’s UFO had ‘eyes’ made of electro-optical lenses, arranged in quadrants, allowing the pilot to see everything. Screens and monitors are placed on a console where the browser can observe all areas around the vehicle, and Tesla’s incredible invention included magnifying lenses, which could have been used without changing positions.
Evidence of such a vehicle can be found in an interview between Nikola Tesla and The New York Herald, from 1911:
“My flying machine will have neither wings nor propellers.You might see it on the ground and you would never guess that it was a flying machine. Yet it will be able to move at will through the air in any direction with perfect safety, at higher speeds than have yet been reached, regardless of weather and oblivious of “holes in the air” or downward currents. It will ascend in such currents if desired. It can remain absolutely stationary in the air, even in a wind, for a great length of time. Its lifting power will not depend upon any such delicate devices as the bird has to employ but upon positive mechanical action.”RF
2. Tesla’s Death Ray
Prior to the release of the declassified documents by the FBI, many people argue that Tesla’s Death Ray was just another conspiracy.
Previously, it was believed that Tesla’s Death Ray did not exist, and the FBI claimed for over a decade that none of their agents had EVER investigated Tesla’s papers, nor was the bureau in possession of any of them.
However, after the FBI published Tesla’s files, we learned that among the published files, a letter addressed to J. Edgar Hoover, the first Director of the FBI, highlights the importance of an article in which Tesla speaks of the death ray and its ‘crucial importance’ for future warfare.
It was recommended that Tesla constantly remained under surveillance in order to protect him from ‘foreign enemies’ who may also have an interest in “the secret of such an invaluable instrument of war and/or defense.”
3. Free Energy, and wireless electricity
With the help of funding from JP Morgan, Tesla successfully built and tested the famous Wardenclyffe Tower.
The structure was a massive wireless energy transmission station which, according to Tesla, had the ability to transmit wireless power across great distances.
Tesla saw the Wardenclyffe Tower as the beginning of a massive free energy project.
Tesla wanted to use the tower not only to transmit free energy but to send out messages, telephone calls across the Earth.
As explained by Tesla himself, the Earth is “…like a charged metal ball moving through space”, which creates the enormous, rapidly varying electrostatic forces which diminish in intensity with the square of the distance from Earth, just like gravity. Since the direction of propagation radiates from the earth, the so-called force of gravity is toward earth.
His theories were based on the idea that our planet had the ability to conduct the signals. Using a number of different towers, Tesla could have made the idea work.
However, and as we have learned through history, the idea of Free Energy isn’t really welcomed by big corporations. After all, why give free energy to the masses when you can make the masses pay big time?
Eventually, Tesla’s funding was canceled, and the tower was destroyed, along with Tesla’s ideas of a world powered by free energy.
4. Tesla’s Oscillator
This device was an electromechanical apparatus patented by Tesla in 1893.
The device was popularly known as Tesla’s Earthquake machine after the European inventor claimed that one version of his device caused an Earthquake in New York in 1898.
In other words, the device could allegedly simulate earthquakes, which meant it could be weaponized. Some conspiracy theorists are convinced that Tesla’s technology was later further developed and is being used by HAARP.
5. Tesla’s Futuristic Aircraft
In addition to creating devices that could potentially be used as weapons, and structures that could offer Free Energy to the world, Nikola Tesla also worked on electrically powered airships that, according to reports, could transport passengers from New York to London in three hours.
These aircraft were not ordinary vehicles. They were supposedly able to harness energy right fro Earth’s atmosphere and had no need ever to stop and refuel.
But why have aircraft that makes use of free energy, if billions can be made by selling it?
6. Drones in 1898
More than a hundred years ago, Tesla invented DRONES.
So, everyone who thinks that Drones are actually a product of recent technologies, you are wrong.
It was called Tesla’s TELEAUTOMATON. And the funny part is that the government had this technology in their possession for over a hundred years. This raises a number of questions.
Is it possible that they adopted, further developed, and used ‘drones’ more than half a decade ago?
Here’s an excerpt from Tesla’s Drone patent:
Here is an excerpt from his patent:
“Be it known that I, Nikola Tesla a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful improvements in methods of and apparatus for controlling from a distance the operation of the propelling engines, the steering apparatus, and other mechanism carried by moving bodies or floating vessels, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the drawings accompanying and forming part of the same… The invention which I have described will prove useful in many ways. Vessels or Vehicles of any suitable kind may be used, like life, dispatch, or pilot boats or the like, or for carrying letters, packages, provisions, instruments, objects, or materials of any description, for establishing communication with inaccessible regions and exploring the conditions existing in the same, for killing or capturing whales or other animals of the sea, and for many other scientific, engineering, or commercial purposes; but the greatest value of my invention will result from its effect upon warfare and armaments, for by reason of its certain and unlimited destructiveness it will tend to bring about and maintain permanent peace among nations.”
From: “Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 613,809, dated November 8, 1898.” The full original text and diagrams can be found at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office website: http://patimg1.uspto.gov/.piw?docid=00613809&SectionNum=1&IDKe
7. Propulsion systems for Spacecraft, and Tesla’s Dynamic Theory of Gravity
While we discussed something similar in Tesla’s UFO, the truth is that he went beyond flying objects.
In an unpublished article of Man’s Greatest Achievement, Tesla outlined his Dynamic Theory of Gravity saying that ‘luminiferous ether fills all space’. Tesla said that the ether is acted upon by the life-giving creative force. The ether is thrown into “infinitesimal whirls” (“micro helices”) at near the speed of light, becoming ponderable matter. Then, the force subsides and motion ceases, matter reverts to the ether (a form of “atomic decay”).
Mankind can harness these processes, to:
-Precipitate matter from the ether -Create whatever he wants with the matter, and energy derived -Alter the earth’s size -Control earth’s seasons (weather control) -Guide earth’s path through the Universe, like a spaceship -Cause the collisions of planets to produce new suns and stars, heat, and light -Originate and develop life in infinite forms
When Occam's Razor isn't being misused it could be a rational method to review far fetched claims; unfortunately the most common use of it is to jump to absolute conclusions even though that was never what Occam's Razor intended.
The most common variation of Occam's Razor is: "The simplest explanation is usually the correct one." However this wasn't the original quote although it is close and has the same intention. The following is the original according to Wikipedia:
Occam's razor
Among competing hypotheses that predict equally well, the one with the fewest assumptions should be selected. Other, more complicated solutions may ultimately prove to provide better predictions, but—in the absence of differences in predictive ability—the fewer assumptions that are made, the better. Wikipedia article
This clearly does not say that other possibilities shouldn't be considered; and it acknowledges the possibility that if the simplest theory is proven wrong then it might be rational to move to the second or third simplest theory. Nor does it say anything about pretending inconvenient evidence doesn't exist at all. If it did then it would be easy to recognize as pseudo-science. However this is exactly how many so-called skeptics treat it.
Religious people have a long history of ending debate by claiming that unexplained mysteries are "God's will" pseudo-skeptics have a long history of ending debate by saying that can't be true "because of Occam's Razor."
At the same time many believers often make many claims that are not only absurd but factually flawed where Occam's Razor or other rational skeptical claims really would be justified. From a reasonable skeptical point of view the temptation to ridicule such beliefs should be resisted when possible. Turning Occam's Razor into a pseudo-skeptic tactic wouldn't be helpful in this case and could even play into the hands of fringe believers and scam artists, if people recognize the flawed logic of the pseudo-skeptic and decide to trust the flawed logic of the fringe believer.
There has been an enormous amount of research over the decades into UFOs however the highest profile media coverage that has been presented to the public has been almost useless since it gives plenty of time for fringe believers to present seriously flawed theories that are often full of false facts, mixed in with legitimate unsolved mysteries, and skeptics that often make almost as many blunders as the fringe believers and instead of trying to sort out the legitimate unsolved mysteries so they can be solved they often stereotype them all and ridicule them together.
Most of the coverage of past UFO incidents in the mainstream media only covers one incident at a time and treats it with ridicule, although there are very few of those anymore, at least that is the way they treat it in the mainstream news. However there are plenty of UFO shows on the History Channel, Science Channel, National Geographic Channel, Discovery Channel and more; these shows often cover more incidents at a time but the coverage is seriously flawed and it is hard to believe that they're even trying to do a good job.
The best coverage of past incidents are often in older books or reports from when there were more people that actually tried to do a good job covering the subject or web sites that list many of these reports, however some of them are also mixed in with claims that probably should be considered fringe or unreliable. I provided a long list of reports and related links including those to both UFO researchers ranging from the most rational to the fringe believers along with skeptics, including many that seem more like pseudo-skeptics in UFOs and related links.
A couple of the most comprehensive include The Report on Unidentified Flying Objects, by Edward J. Ruppelt who was the head of Project Blue Book and other government investigation agencies and actually took the subject seriously and The Condon Report which was headed by Edward Condon who was chosen to head an investigation because he was supposedly unbiased. However critics have raised doubts about his lack of biased for several reasons including his claim that UFO were "nonsense," before beginning his investigation and added, "but I'm not supposed to reach that conclusion for another year." These critics claim that is the reason why his report came to conclusions that allegedly weren't supported by the information within the report. If you ask so-called experts whether the contents of this report actually support the conclusions the answer might depend on which side of the debate they're on; however after reading several reports from the government I have noticed that it isn't uncommon for them to do just that and the most important material is often buried where most people including the highest profile reporters won't notice.
I discussed additional evidence of major unsolved mysteries in Why so few arrests for Crop Circles makers? Is there microwave evidence? and 107 Wonders of the Ancient World. In the case of the crop circles the evidence linking them to UFOs is based on testimony from a relatively small number of witnesses, assuming there aren't many more that the media is ignoring, and in the case of the ancient wonders of the world it is difficult if not impossible to find hard evidence linking them to UFOs since they happened so long ago and the circumstances weren't well recorded. However experiments discussed in previous posts clearly indicate that the official explanation for how they were moved hasn't been replicated and it is almost certainly false. this means that either they are related to the UFOs or that they're a totally different unsolved mystery; but many theorists have claimed that they also certainly are a result of an unknown advanced intelligence of some sort.
If the skeptic's claims are true then they need to explain a lot of unsolved mysteries to maintain their claims; otherwise it seems justifiable to at least consider other theories, although using Occam's Razor it would be inappropriate to jump to the most bizarre conclusions. This includes time travel theories which often come up, but they always face one paradox or another that almost certainly indicates they're impossible. It may also include many theories about wormholes or alternative universes, which to the best of my knowledge is based purely on speculation, often coming from unreliable sources.
This means that either we need to find another explanation for all these unsolved mysteries that doesn't involve an unknown advanced intelligence or one that does. If it involves an unknown advanced intelligence that is from this planet how could they remain hidden. If it involves an unknown advanced intelligence that isn't from this planet we need to figure out where it came from and how it might have gotten here and what they're trying to accomplish. It will still be necessary to explain how they remained hidden, but their development would have taken place elsewhere so they would have a much easier time remaining hidden, although the fact that they haven't opened up a line of communication probably indicates their motives one way or another, assuming they exist.
Either way explanations to some of these unsolved mysteries will almost certainly have to get more complicated than some advocates for one theory or another might want to admit. It might be worth remembering that the theory of evolution isn't simple at all although the basic principle might seem that way.
Ironically the vast majority of speculation about interstellar travel involves technology that will be necessary to send people into space and keep them alive. However, even though the NASA missions that do involve sending people into space get the most coverage they're only a small fraction of what NASA does and if you track what they say enough it is clear that it is much more efficient to send automated crafts into space and that relying on computers to conduct many activities is much more common.
If it is possible to travel the enormous distances between solar distances it will be extremely difficult and will almost certainly require best technology from a variety of fields, including propulsion, computer technology, artificial intelligence, nanotechnology and much more, perhaps even including genetic engineering and many other fields that are currently being developed at surprising rates, although they're usually only reported as one advancement at a time and most people don't realize how fast scientific knowledge has been advancing over the past several decades.
A theory that relies on known technology with reasonable speculation about how they might advanced in the relatively near future will almost certainly be more credible than one that makes w2ild assumptions based mostly on speculation, often contradicting known science. If it is possible for the scientific community to develop this technology then presumably it would be possible for another advanced intelligence that has been developing longer to have done it much sooner, and theoretically they could have used it to get here.
Both Project Orion and Project Daedalus involve relatively known technology that could send automated space craft to other solar systems assuming people were willing to invest enough in it and wait long enough for them to travel for decades if not hundreds or even thousands of years before reaching their arrival. Both these projects, if they work according to plan could reach 10-20% of the speed of light. Some people theorize that more advanced research could theoretically develop technology that could reach 50-80% of the speed of light. Anyone familiar with the Inertia Principal would realize that once they get up to speed they will be able to maintain speed in a vacuum indefinitely assuming there is no resistance; however once they get to their destination they would have to reverse their momentum so they would the same amount of energy to slow down with known technology.
Additional technology has also been developed to create a Gravity assist while passing large planets; presumably if this was developed more it could provide additional assistance in propulsion either speeding up or slowing down.
This technology hasn't been put to the test and proven to work but an enormous amount of preliminary research has been done; and it is reasonable to assume that some form of automated interstellar travel might be possible; however this wouldn't enable transport of advanced life which would require much more technology to keep that life alive and would be difficult if not impossible.
The most advanced computer technology, artificial intelligence, nanotechnology and other technologies could also be helpful in sending a long-range space craft to another solar system but unless science develops much further it is unlikely that much if any large commutes or invasions would be possible; it may not even be possible to develop technology like the science fiction stories at all even with the most advanced science after millions of years of research.
James Hansen, one of NASA's most respected researchers on Climate Change created a similar science fiction scenario at the end of his book, "Storms of my Grandchildren." He starts by saying Even though science fiction isn’t my area of expertise, I use the following scenario as a clarion call, and goes on to describe a scenario where an advanced civilization manages to travel to Earth with similar technology that I described. He does assume additional technology will be developed beyond what has already been developed but he seems to keep it within reason that might not include any theories that will never be possible, unlike many fringe theorists or science fiction writers more interested in a dramatic story than realistic science.
He also speculates about the possibility that technology could develop well enough so that a robot with artificial intelligence could operate the spaceship until it gets close to Earth then he could develop life out of DNA samples that would be developed either shortly before arrival or after arrival at the destination and the robot could serve as a surrogate parent. His intention wasn't to develop a science fiction story to advanced an alien transport theory; it was to try to warn people about the damage that Climate Change is doing and convince them to act before it was too late. However intentionally or not he provided what I consider a relatively realistic explanation about how life could travel to different solar system with credible technology that might turn out to be accurate.
Colonel Philip Corso went a step further and claimed that he received access to technology that was retrieved at Roswell and helped distribute it to corporations that developed a lot of the new technology that has been coming out over the past five decades in his book "The Day After Roswell." Like most if not all high profile reports on UFOs this book has some problems, including his cold war beliefs, which are almost certainly distorted, although he might have actually believed them even if they didn't prove to be accurate. And of course he was accused of fabricating his story by many high profile people including UFO researchers Kevin Randle and Stanton Friedman. A close look at just about all high profile research almost always turns up problems including both Corso's books and the efforts to debunk him.
However this should raise other questions about why neither side seems to correct often incredibly simple mistakes. In Why so few arrests for Crop Circles makers? I speculated about the possibility that there might be an effort to "Recruit a group of crackpots" to disclose accurate information through sources that might not seem reliable and release inaccurate information through sources that are considered credible. This hypothesis was based partly on a semi-fictional version of the Roswell incident where Martin Sheen plays a spy that follows Jesse Marcel around. As bizarre as this sounds if it is true it would explain why virtually none of the high profile coverage of UFOs on either side has much credibility. It would also mean that only those that spend an enormous amount of time sorting through the details have a chance of coming close to the truth about what is going on.
Also if the skeptics are right then why don't they express much concerns about the amount of coverage that the media is giving to some of these fringe conspiracy theorists? Many of the best researchers can't get much if any coverage on this subject or any other subject in the traditional media yet the fringe conspiracy theorists and flawed skeptics get plenty of time on the History Channel. This isn't limited to UFO coverage; the political activity in campaigns is now almost as absurd if not more absurd as UFO coverage; and this began before Donald Trump ran for president, and even before the 2010 Tea Party fringe candidates got an enormous amount of coverage while the media ignored rational grassroots candidates.
Absurd things are now standard operating procedure.
Skeptics have been promoting stereotypes about conspiracy theories for so long that they act as if none of them have any credibility; yet if there are no far fetched explanations to UFOs as they seem to believe then doesn't it seem as if there must be an enormous conspiracy to make it seem as if there is?
Some additional information about Corso's claims are available at Colonel Philip Corso and his Critics and Roswell - Colonel Philip Corso Interview. Philip Corso isn't the only one that claims that there has been reverse engineering going on, there are plenty of other people making similar claims in low profile news outlets that report about UFOs; the most prominent other one that I know of is Bob Lazar; however he also has his own credibility problems and Stanton Friedman has also argued that he is a fraud. From what I've seen of Bob Lazar he does seem to have more credibility problems that Philip Corso; but it does seem odd that Stanton Friedman is so concerned about debunking the concept of reverse engineering and occasionally using the same tactics that he has criticized when UFO skeptics use them against him.
It seems reasonable for a good researcher to be concerned about bad researchers that might give UFO research a bad name; however it is also reasonable to assume that if the government did retrieve alien technology that they would try to study it and replicate it. Stanton Friedman has claimed that he does believe that there was a crash at Roswell and that the government retrieved bodies and technology and has been one of the leading investigators claiming this. If Corso's and Lazar's claims are flawed why wouldn't he consider a more rational scenario where the government made at least some effort to reverse engineer as much as they could? This would make sense but instead he is almost completely refuting all reverse engineering claims.
On some occasions Stanton Friedman seems to use some of the same tactics he has previously attributed to skeptics when trying to debunk Philip Corso, including "If one can’t attack the data, attack the people. It is easier." On the "Day After Roswell" episode of the UFO files he spent more time trying to discredit Corso than he did trying to address some of the data, and at one point even claimed that his citation of the alleged MJ-12 documents was a copy of his own work, as if he should have copyrights to control how it is used. He was the highest profile researcher to look into them, but they were apparently given to at least one other researcher, Linda Moulton Howe, before Philip Corso claimed he had access to them at one point.
However, as I said Philip Corso does have some credibility problems and his coauthor is even worse. Bill Birnes went on to host UFO Hunters with an enormous amount of hype and flawed investigation, at one point he even claimed that he considered a hollow moon hypothesis viable, without making any attempt to acknowledge that it would contradict the most basic principles of physics and geology. Unfortunately this is typical of high profile UFO research, which is what makes the "Recruit a Group of Crackpots" hypothesis seem realistic.
Another catch 22 which is rarely considered is that if the claims about reverse engineering are partially true then it means that aliens must have been able to get here one way or another. If these claims aren't true then it means that an enormous amount of technology has developed in a surprisingly short time over the last fifty years. The human race evolved over hundreds of thousands, if not millions or even billions of years; but the industrial revolution only took a couple of hundred years and advances computers, cloning, DNA manipulation, even technology where handicapped people were able to use computers hooked up to their brain to move automated programs and geoengineering, exploring the solar system happened much faster. This is rapidly demonstrating an enormous amount of potential that could include our own ability to travel through space. And if these advances continue to happen then unlike James Hansen science fiction hypothesis where people from the planet Claron had to continue develop for another half a billion years before they could use this technology it seems like a reasonable possibility with this rapid development that we might be able to do it in a few more hundred or thousand years.
Unless of course we destroy the environment as James Hansen is warning us not to do; and the most powerful political people clearly seem to be trying to do just that thanks to what appears to be an insane political and fiscal ideology that is designed to consolidate all their political power and money so they can get it all while the rest of society falls apart.
With or without advanced technology from aliens we're developing science at a fast rate and using new advances for insane purposes, and even if you think this hypothesis is insane it seems reasonable to agree with James Hansen's warning and stop the destruction of the planet.If that doesn't happen then we won't come close to developing the technology James Hansen speculates about on the planet Claron before we destroy ourselves.
Is this theory starting to seem like the simplest one that should be chosen according to Occam's Razor?
Perhaps not; or at least it doesn't seem like it would be the most credible one. However in order for other theories to be viable from a scientific point of view they need to explain all the related unsolved mysteries. If the ancient megaliths or crop circles or many other unsolved mysteries aren't related to UFOs then an explanation for the UFOs doesn't need to address them but other explanations will still be needed to solve those mysteries; and if skeptics have to rely on ridicule or ignore inconvenient facts to explain them then other theories should at least be considered.
If skeptics don't do this then why shouldn't they simply accept the oldest and most common explanation for just about everything, "It's God's will." This sounds like the simplest explanation and I can't imagine why more religious people don't use Occam's Razor to argue in it's favor. But of course simply saying "It's God's will" when ever they can't explain an unsolved mystery doesn't explain anything and is unscientific. Why would it be acceptable to refute everything by simply saying "that must be false because of Occam's Razor," often accompanied by an enormous amount of ridicule and circular argument that doesn't address important unsolved mysteries?
In order to figure out which theory really is the simplest then it will be necessary to organize them all and ensure that they all explain related unsolved mysteries then the simplest one that actually does this should be chosen, at least until a better one comes along. There also needs to be more sincere efforts to review science, which there isn't. This includes the incompetent coverage of The Big Bang which is a Political Theory Disguised as Science as I explained in a previous post. If you applied Occam's Razor to the Big Bang verses the Steady State theory it seems like it would be more rational to consider the possibility that the doppler effect might be less reliable when it comes to checking galaxies more than 2 and a half million light years away, therefore as Fred Hoyle claimed, the Steady State is by far the simplest hypothesis and it has fewer flaws if any; however the big bang seems to have more political support.
Beyond time and space. NAZI UFO 1935-1945, Secret Nazi Experiments.
Beyond time and space. NAZI UFO 1935-1945, Secret Nazi Experiments.
For decades, a rich mythology has developed around the claim that Nazi Germany’s engineers secretly developed one or more super-sophisticated saucer-shaped aircraft and unmanned disc-like missiles.
Tat this technology was appropriated by the US or the Soviet Union in the post-war period. The names Schriever, Miethe, Habermohl, Belluzzo are associated with some of these stories, and the locations of the secret plants where these craft were allegedly built range from Prague to Stettin to shadowy underground factories in the legendary “Nazi southern redoubt.”
Abandoned 1943 Nazi Concrete ‘Rings’ in Russia.
Abandoned 1943 Nazi Concrete ‘Rings’ in Russia.
Sometimes it happens that a finding at first glance fits into a complex puzzle, and may even serve as evidence that the story is true. So it happened with concrete rings discovered on the coast of the Barents Sea. According to many it is ex-starting devices for Nazi ufo
For more than 70 years these places, 170 kilometers to the North of Murmansk, were considered confidential. Nowadays a strict regime of access operates also. These mysterious objects were built during World War II by the Germans.
They are located near the village of Liinakhamari, in the Pechenga district, close to the Barents Sea. There are different stories about their purpose, one says that it is a platform for artillery guns, but they are aimed back from the Gulf, to where the Soviet warships could appear, another says that they are launching pads for the Wehrmacht’s unknown flying objects.
Not only ufologists and conspirators, but also local people swear that the mysterious ring built in Murmansk Nazis who have tested their miraculous weapons.
It has come about primarily known project Dier Glocke, or bell. The machine working on the basis of antigravity, driven by a mysterious substance Xerxum 525, whose existence, although never confirmed, but it was written about him already so many books and filmed so many
documents that simply must exist. At least it sees conspirators. Now circular concrete rings look like they just started from there Die Glocke or more of the entire range of anticipated
Nazi ufo. Proponents of conspiracy theories cheered because they were able to find them by evidence that the Nazi secret projects existed.
At the end of World War II, when the defeat of Nazi Germany was almost certain, the US Army began to discover secret underground laboratories and factories throughout the territories. Missile systems, new cannons, jet planes, an atomic bomb, this is just a fraction of what has come to the surface. German advanced technologies and research were miles away from the rest of the world.
Secret Nazi Experiments.
But what happened to the best scientists of the Third Reich and state-of-the-art research? Workers in secret factories used prisoners from concentration camps. Almost everything that has been found in these strictly classified places has come to an end in the US. This in essence reflected the world’s power from non-human research. But what did the Germans also prepare, and what were their plans, which never saw the light of the world?
German UFOs During World War II, flying plates were developed. This fact is really incredible, although research has probably never achieved the desired results. There are theories that should have been used to transfer a planned atomic bomb.
Atomic bomb Official testimonies say that the Germans were far from developing a real atomic weapon. So they told the Nuremberg court. On the other hand, what is the fact? In 1945, Kurt Diebner’s scientific team had to test the atomic bomb at a German shooter in the Jonastal Valley, where we can now look for increased radioactivity. There are also several witnesses gathered by German historian Rainer Karlsch in the book Hitler’s Bomb. Other sources say that Hitler considered nuclear physics to be a Jewish science, and he did not want to share anything with nuclear research.
The project led by renowned rocket scientist Hermann Oberth had planned to create 22 miles above the ground a huge mirror that would be 100 meters wide and the Nazis would be able to burn any city on the sunny rays or arrange a nice weather on the Rimsko Seme. The metal sodium colossus was supposed to be (fortunately) finished up to 50 or 100 years after designing it.
In 1946, one year after the war, 27 US military ships, 4,000 soldiers and 400 scientists flocked to the shores of Antarctica. After two weeks, however, they have suffered huge losses, and so far this megalomania action is only talking about harmless research. Even after almost 70 years we still wonder what is hiding in Nové Švábsko? It was during the Second World War, when the Germans declared part of Antarctica as their territory and was named after New Swabia, and there were many mysterious German submarines that did not go back on its shores. Allegedly, there have been research institutes in newly-discovered warm lakes. But what really happened there?
Too many unanswered questions, many concealments and few answers. It is definitely a phase of history that needs to be deeper. But it could be a dangerous game.
Galaxies are amazing things, and we can now see some of them in unprecedented detail.
The spiral galaxy Messier 96 lies some 35 million light-years away. Image credits: NASA, ESA, and the LEGUS TEAM.
“There has never before been a star cluster and a stellar catalog that included observations in ultraviolet light,” explained survey leader Daniela Calzetti of the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. “Ultraviolet light is a major tracer of the youngest and hottest star populations, which astronomers need to derive the ages of stars and get a complete stellar history. The synergy of the two catalogs combined offers an unprecedented potential for understanding star formation.”
Light comes in different wavelengths. Ultraviolet light (UV) has a shorter wavelength than that of visible light, but longer than X-rays, and UV constitutes about 10% of the total light output of stars like the Sun. When you “look” at something in different wavelengths, you can infer different things about its physical properties. In this case, astronomers were trying to learn more about star formation, a process that still holds many secrets.
Astronomers combined new and old Hubble observations, looking for detailed information on young, massive stars and star clusters, as well as their evolution. It’s ironic, really — almost all we know about the universe, we know thanks to light from stars, and yet we don’t know how the stars themselves form.
The spiral galaxy Messier 66. Image credits: NASA, ESA, AND THE LEGUS TEAM.
As far as we know, stars form inside relatively dense concentrations of interstellar gas and dust known as molecular clouds. These areas are extremely cold (just ten degrees K above absolute zero), and at those temperatures, gases become molecular, meaning they’re much more likely to bind together. Oftentimes, gases clump up to higher and higher densities, and once a specific point is passed, stars can form. But here’s the thing: before the star is actually formed, the region is very dense and dark, virtually opaque to visible light (something called a dark nebula). Astronomers can still investigate them to an extent, but they use infrared and radio telescopes. So, instead, researchers try to find very young stars.
The research team carefully selected the LEGUS targets from among 500 galaxies, all of which lie between 11 million and 58 million light-years from Earth. Team members chose the galaxies based on their mass, star-formation rate, and abundances of metals –which, in this context, means elements that are heavier than hydrogen and helium.
Galaxies come in multiple shapes and sizes. We tend to think of galaxies as being spiral, Milky Way-like structures, but galaxies can be quite varied in terms of shape and size. Stars tend to be distributed quite regularly in galaxies, but while groups of stars tend to be more predictable, the same can’t be said about individual stars.
“When we look at a spiral galaxy, we usually don’t just see a random distribution of stars,” Calzetti said. “It’s a very orderly structure, whether it’s spiral arms or rings, and that’s particularly true with the youngest stellar populations. On the other hand, there are multiple competing theories to connect the individual stars in individual star clusters to these ordered structures.
These six images represent the variety of star-forming regions in nearby galaxies. The galaxies are part of the Hubble Space Telescope’s Legacy ExtraGalactic UV Survey (LEGUS), the sharpest, most comprehensive ultraviolet-light survey of star-forming galaxies in the nearby universe. The six images consist of two dwarf galaxies (UGC 5340 and UGCA 281) and four large spiral galaxies (NGC 3368, NGC 3627, NGC 6744, and NGC 4258). The images are a blend of ultraviolet light and visible light from Hubble’s Wide Field Camera 3 and Advanced Camera for Surveys.
Image credits: NASA/ESA/LEGUS team.
This is where the new survey comes in, and why it’s so important. By imaging the galaxies in such detail, astronomers are able to zoom in on individual star populations, thus gaining more information about them. We can almost certainly expect a flurry of studies on star formation in the near future.
“By seeing galaxies in very fine detail — the star clusters — while also showing the connection to the larger structures, we are trying to identify the physical parameters underlying this ordering of stellar populations within galaxies. Getting the final link between gas and star formation is key for understanding galaxy evolution,” Calzetti concludes.
Filer’s Files # 19 – 2018 – UFO’s Fly Over D.C. - PART I
Photo taken on March 17, 2018 above California
Filer’s Files # 19 – 2018 – UFO’s Fly Over D.C. - PART I
In special reports, this week’s files cover: General Walter Smith CIA Director and UFOs, UFOs Fly Over D.C., TR-3B, U.S. Forest Service UFO Files, Outmoded Theory of Evolution Points to DNA from Space, 1.7 Billion Stars and Planets in Milky Way Galaxy, Trump Floats Idea of ‘Space Force’, Moon Object and Bigfoot Seen in New Jersey
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over California, Florida, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, Texas and Washington.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Australia, Canada, France, Mexico, Puerto Rico, and England in the United Kingdom.
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force investigated UFOs publicly for more than twenty years under Project Blue Book; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFO’s are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
Major George Filer Editor of The National UFO Center, would like to invite join him in Mt Shasta this summer July 27-29th 2018. He will present a wonderful program at the “From Venus with Love” conference.
Forward these files to your friends and neighbors.
Special Projects
General Walter Bedell Smith and UFOs
General Smith was CIA Director, 1950-1953 stated, “The Central Intelligence Agency has reviewed the current situation concerning unidentified flying objects which have crated extensive speculation in the press and have been the subject of concern to government organizations… Since 1947, approximately 2,000 official reports of sightings have been received, and, of these, about 20% are as yet unexplained. It is my view that this situation has possible implications for our national security which transcend the interests of a single service. A broader, coordinated effort should be initiated to develop a firm scientific understanding of the several phenomena which apparently are involved in these reports.”
General Smith also established a permanent system for providing intelligence support to the White House. Besides the Office of Current Intelligence (OCI), which prepared material for Smith’s weekly briefings of President Truman, he launched the new Current Intelligence Bulletin and the Current Intelligence Weekly Review. He tailored these publications for the President and senior policymakers.
UFOs Fly Over D.C.
On July 19-20 and July 26-27, 1952. two major UFO sightings occurred over Washington D. C. Fighter pilots revealed they had been given orders to shoot the UFO’s down. Not ever revealed to the public was that at least one fighter aircraft had been lost from Dover Air Force Base, Delaware.
Papers were showing front page photos of the UFOs and detailing eye witness reports of the craft. On July 29, 1952. a news conference was held in the Pentagon in an effort to convince both the media and the public that the sightings of these two nights were nothing more than temperature inversions.
General Samford (shown) knew all along that the cover story he was giving to the media was untrue to calm the situation. Samford suggested possible temperature inversions and pointed out there were no real measurements of the objects.
Major Fournet was briefing the Director of Central Intelligence that there was no conclusion as to what had caused the sightings over D.C. Some felt the UFO’s were Soviet probably built by the thousands of Nazi scientists deported to the Soviet Union after World War II. Major Fournet later advised the Robertson Panel that he, among others in the Pentagon, had concluded that these sightings were of extraterrestrial origin under intelligent control (January 14-17, 1953).
Several declassified document clearly show that a major movement was underway in Washington, D.C. to take UFO’s very seriously. The Director of Central Intelligence Agency (D/Cia) was “forced” to brief the National Security Council (Nsc) of the need to issue an Intelligence Directive (Nscdd), to get all of the intelligence community involved with ufo research and investigations.
Unfortunately the CIA created a white-wash in the form of the “Robertson Panel” that doomed the “official” briefing of the nsc, thus ending any hope of any “real” scientific and open-minded investigation of ufo reports/sightings.
However, one item remained very real, very serious and presented a “potential” threat to the very heart of the American Government and the intelligence community. We now know that UFO’s could come and go at will, even over the nation’s capital and we were powerless to do anything about it. Now for the first time since the end of wwii the Washington, d.c. Civil Defense took on an all new priority and the need to know how effective it would be in an emergency became a major concurrence.
TR-3B
In his book Sekret Machines, Tom DeLonge that is allegedly fiction it tells of corporate involvement in developing a secret space program involving the USAF. According to him, a global consortium of corporations secretly funded the development of TR-3B ‘flying triangles’ using antigravity and torsion field principles adopted from experiments conducted by Nazi Germany, and later reverse engineered by the USAF.
Apparently a squadron of TR-3B’s from 12 to 20 aircraft are based out of Area 51’s highly secretive S-4 facility at Papoose Lake. The US Air Force Space Command and Defense Intelligence Agency is in charge of the TR-3B or ‘Locust’, according to Delonge, as relayed by his advisory team, which we now know includes General McCasland. The craft can fly at mach 5 (3000 miles per hour) and above faster than most missiles. North Korea is likely seeing these craft flying over almost daily. Even if they try to shoot the TR-3b down it only needs to accelerate and climb higher. This craft plus B-1 bombers flying along the coast, and anti-missile unit deployments likely helped Kim Jong Un decide he preferred peace and to rebuild his country like South Korea. He also realized the United States was not backing down like before.
The craft is capable of operating near the Earth’s surface as a conventional aircraft like the SR-71, but can operate in near Earth orbit as a spacecraft. DeLong suggests different sized Locust vehicles, with the largest being several hundred feet across.
Col. Steve Wilson, USAF, now deceased was the director of Skywatch International and I had been the Vice President and he provided information from his sources. He claimed the X-33A was an antigravity aerospace platform Two successor aerospace craft are the Nautilus and the Spirit of Mankind. in 2011, NASA’s Technology Applications Assessment Team presented a. Multi-Mission Space Exploration Vehicle concept. Allegedly Airbus is a major builder of the “Nautilus” with Boeing working on the rounded delta shaped with mag.pulse propulsion. The advanced craft have been around since 19’88 and come/go bi-weekly from Utah. They provide supplies to the International Space Station. Nautilus is going to be overhauled into the new long distance craft with a new project name called “Spirit of Mankind” This was line item #95-678291 on Congress nasa request year 1995, and approved for over a billion to develop and send it out there with deep space camera’s and other instruments.
There is a concept for an Advanced Electromagnetic Vehicle that can manipulate space-time as observed in the UFO Phenomenon. To The Stars Head of Aerospace and Technology Steve Justice, and Former. Director of Advanced Programs at Lockheed Martin’s Skunk Works, aims to lead a group of elite aerospace engineers to bring this technology to the world.”
U.S. Forest Service UFO Files
The UFO files of the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) have been declassified. There are 20 pages in the files, and although there is a dubious claim about the construction of a secret alien base and an unconvincing UFO photos, there is an interesting UFO report from U.S. Air Force personnel at a radar station in Montana.
The Forest Service UFO files were obtained via a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request by John Greenewald. Greenewald runs TheBlackVault.com, a site that houses over one million declassified files obtained via FOIA requests.
Greenewald says he made the request in November, 2016 and received the files in February, 2017
The first report in the file is a letter and photographs from a man who says he caught something “very strange” in a photograph he took while visiting Lost Twin Lakes in Bighorn National Forest. The witness says he did not see or hear anything unusual while taking the picture, but he noticed an odd object in one of the photos when he reviewed them later. He speculates that perhaps it is a drone, but also says he did some research and did not find any drones that looked like the object in the image.
The marker shows the location of Lost Twin Lakes in Bighorn National Forest. (Credit: Google Maps)
The photograph was taken at about 2:30 pm on September 12, 2015.
Images of unidentified object at Bighorn National Forest provided to U.S. Forest Service. (Credit: U.S. Forest Service)
It is hard to make out what exactly the object in the image is, but the USFS files did not include a high resolution image. Greenewald says he did inquire if higher resolution images were available, but they were not.
Without better images, this blob of light and shadows could be anything, and is likely a bird in flight. Often vacation photos with weird objects that were not noted at the time of their taking turn out to be birds or bugs that look strange in photographs once they are reviewed back home.
The USFS did not include their response to the UFO photo, or if they responded at all.
UFO Sighting at Yaak Air Force Station in Kootenai National Forest
Following the UFO photos letter and was a copy of an article regarding Yaak Air Base. According to the article, Yaak Air Base was in operation from April, 1952 to July, 1960, as part of a number of stations throughout the country that served as an early warning system during the cold war in case of a potential Russian attack. The base was near Yaak, Montana, in the Kootenai National Forest. Location of Yaak Air Base as described in the article. (Credit: Google Maps)For our purposes, the most interesting paragraph in the article is the last, and in the file provided to Greenewald, is highlighted in yellow.
It reads: The Yaak Radar Station also had its share of mystery, on Sept. 1 , 1952, Yaak, Montana. 4:45 am: Two USAF enlisted men, and three men using AN/FPS-3 radar set. Report visually sighting two small, varicolored lights becoming black silhouettes at dawn, and flying erratically for one hour. The crew at the radar station saw a, “dark, cigar shaped object,” right where the radar had the UFO pinpointed. What these people saw is a mystery to this day.
Alien Base Construction in Tonto National Forest
The most sensational claim in the files, and the one picked up by UK tabloids, is a report of a secret government installation being constructed that has something to do with aliens. The subject of the report is “Secret government installation being built in the Salt River Canyon area on the TNF [Tonto National Forest].”
Area of alleged construction of secret government base.
Ancient Cliff Dwellings in Tonto Forest
Here is a report regarding the call that was taken by David of the Forest Service on the morning of December 30, 2013 regarding UFOs, aliens and one detached head.
David received a call this morning at the front desk from a male caller reporting the construction of a secret government installation upstream from the Salt River Canyon past Pinal Creek (upstream from Roosevelt Lake). Aliens and at least one detached head are involved.
Caller claims to have seen construction cranes coming out the side of the cliffs, miniature stealth planes and UFOs, aliens and people working together at the site. He found a severed head and claims to have pictures of some of this stuff.
Caller reported that he is 60, not crazy, and doesn’t do drugs. He said he had already called the “office at the lake,” but he didn’t know if those people were turning the other cheek or maybe those people have been paid off.
Editor’s Note: Several Forest Rangers have phoned from Oregon and Washington and told me personally they had frequently seen UFOs and claimed they passed the information on to the Ranger Tower in the path of the UFO. The next Ranger Tower would confirm what they saw passing over. They usually saw disk and also lights. They saw a disk with a large animal underneath.
Outmoded Theory of Evolution Points to DNA from Space
Enzymes are proteins of high molecular weight that mathematically could not happen by chance.
Sir Fred Hoyle and Professor Wickramasinghe write:
“Biochemical systems are exceedingly complex, so much so, that the chance of their being formed through random shuffling of simple organic molecules is exceedingly minute, to a point where it is insensibly different from zero.” (F. Hoyle and C. Wickramasinghe, Evolution From Space. Dent, p. 3)
They explain that there are perhaps 1080 (10, followed by 80 zeroes) atoms in the universe and 1017 seconds have elapsed since the alleged ‘big bang’. The number of independent enzymes necessary for life is about 2,000. The probability of building just one of these enzymes cannot be better than one in 1,040,000. This outrageously small probability could not be faced, even if the whole universe consisted of organic soup. If one is not prejudiced either by social beliefs or by a scientific training that life originated on Earth,(by evolution) this simple calculation wipes the idea entirely out of court.” (Ibid, p. 24)
Fred Hoyle, writing in New Scientist, repeated that 2,000 different and very complex enzymes are required for a living organism to exist. Then he added that not a single one of these could be formed by random, shuffling processes in even 20 billion years! Our existence on earth is as if we had won a million-dollar lottery a million times in a row.
AMINO ACIDS: IMPOSSIBLE ODDS
There are 20 amino acids. There are 300 amino acids in a specialized sequence in each medium protein. There are billions upon billions of possible combinations! The right combination from among the 20 amino acids would have to be brought together in the right sequence in order to make one useable protein. The possible arrangements of the 20 amino acids is 2,500,000,000,000,000,000.
If evolutionary theory is true, every protein arrangement in a life form has to be worked out by chance until it works right – first one combination and then another until one is found that works right. But by then the organism will have long been dead, if it ever had been alive! It’s a good thing an evolutionist is not a mathematician because he would realize how unrealistic his attempted explanations are.
ALL NEED TO EXIST TOGETHER, INSTANTLY!
Now would you please consider this carefully:* DNA only works because it has enzymes to help it. * Enzymes work only because there are protein chains. * Protein works only because of DNA. * DNA only works because it is formed of protein chains.
So DNA enzymes… and protein ALL have to be there together, immediately, at the same time. There’s no other way! That complexity cannot be reduced to anything simpler! Let’s say that again: * The enzymes only work because the protein chains are coded in a special sequence by an already existing DNA. * DNA can only replicate with the help of already existing protein enzymes. Do you see the problem? We are really in a chicken and egg situation.
So what do you think? Might it be time we stopped believing in a mid-19th century theory that was devised when almost nothing was known about proteins, genetics, or microbiology? Some people are already calling evolution theory a hoax. Okay, you might think that’s going too far, but let’s face it, you and I will still need to come up with some plausible answers to questions like these: * How does new information evolve? * How did two separate species which are 100 interdependent, evolve simultaneously? (There are many examples of this.) * How did a living cell suddenly appear. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HiySnxiv1J0 ENZYMES:
If you’d like to discover what’s really happening today with evolution, and why so many scientists are now scurrying for cover, then here’s the site you should visit. Thanks to Jonathan Gray
Gaia’s all-sky view of our Milky Way Galaxy and neighboring galaxies, based on measurements of nearly 1.7 billion stars. (ESA/Gaia/DPAC)
Jason Daley writes in 2016, the European Space Agency released the first data set from its Gaia satellite, which is tasked with surveying stars to create a detailed 3-D map of our quadrant of the Milky Way. Over 1 billion stars twinkled in those first images, which included detailed data on 2 million of the stars. Today, ESA released an even more mind-blowing batch of Gaia data encompassing 1.7 billion stars including incredible detail on almost every speck of light.
As Ryan F. Mandelbaum at Gizmodo reports, compared to the initial survey, which included stars some 500 light years away, the latest round of data includes twinkles as far as 8,000 light years out, with a precision 100 times more accurate. Gaia surveyed the sky for 22 months between July 2014 and May 2016 to gather the new dataset.
According to the ESA, the catalog, now available to professionals and amateur astronomers, includes data on the positions and brightness for 1.7 billion stars, the parallax (an effect in which an object appears in different positions depending the viewer’s position) and motion of 1.3 billion stars, surface temperature for over 100 million stars and the effect of interstellar dust on 87 million stars.
President Trump mused again Tuesday about adding a new branch of the military — a Space Force — and this time made clear he is thinking seriously about it.
Trump aired his thoughts during a ceremony at the White House, where he presented the Commander-in-Chief’s Trophy to the U.S. Military Academy’s Black Knights football team for its victories over Navy and Air Force.
Surrounded by West Point cadets in the Rose Garden, Trump talked up the mission they have ahead.
“You will be part of the five proud branches of the United States Armed Forces: Army, Navy, Marines, Air Force and the Coast Guard,” Trump said.
After a short pause he continued: “And we’re actually thinking of a sixth, and that would be the Space Force. Does that make sense? . . . Because we’re getting very big in space, both militarily and for other reasons. And we are seriously thinking of the Space Force.”
Trump previously raised the idea during a speech in March at Air Station Miramar in San Diego.
“My new national strategy for space recognizes that space is a war-fighting domain, just like the land, air and sea,” Trump told the crowd of Marines there. “We have the Air Force. We’ll have the Space Force.”
Initially, Trump explained, he had proposed the idea as a joke: “Then I said, ‘What a great idea. Maybe we’ll have to do that.’ ”
Some lawmakers on the House Armed Services strategic-forces subcommittee have been pushing to add a unit to the Air Force that would be dedicated to space, but they have stopped short of endorsing a new branch as proposed by Trump.
The Outer Space Treaty, which the United States signed in 1967, bars states from testing weapons and establishing military bases on the moon and other celestial bodies. It also prohibits the placement of weapons of mass destruction in orbit around Earth.
However, critics have pointed out that, since the treaty has no enforcement mechanism, nothing is really stopping a president or anyone else from militarizing space
Moon Object
I found something in the right upper corner of one of a photo taken of the moon on April 24, 2018, at 1:59 AM.. The size and motion are unknown. The direction was in the western sky. I am not sure of the color. Zooming in I saw something in right upper corner of the photo so I made a copy and playing with the exposure this is what I found.
Note: It is difficult to say what the object is in front of the moon. It could be bird or insect. Thanks to William Puckett, Director Http://www.UFOsnw.com
Bigfoot Seen in New Jersey
As a scientist, I have rarely heard other scientists mention or discuss demons as an explanation for paranormal and supernatural phenomena. I have also rarely heard UFOlogists try to explain biblical angels of God as demons. Supposedly, if alien visitors kidnap and harm abductees without their permission, they are called demons. If they do so with our permission and help and/or heal us, they are called angels of God. In human wars between nations, the enemy is always demonized, and that behavior is linked to taking without permission and harming us for their gain. What do our souls have to do with this, other than providing a choice of which side you pledge allegiance to? Is there an unseen objective? Zoom out and study the forest instead of the bark on the closest tree. Just because demons have been recorded by our ancestors for millennia, and there is evidence that alien visitors have been on Earth for much longer, does not mean that this is a local phenomenon limited to Earth. . Thanks to MUFON CMS A couple walking their dog in the notorious Pine Barrens of New Jersey may have had a brief encounter with Bigfoot.
The sighting, which took place last month near the town of Browns Mills, was reported to the Bigfoot Field Research Organization by a pair of witnesses who used only their first names, Dave and Tricia.
According to them, they were initially unnerved by a strange musty odor that they could not identify and left them so unsettled that they actually went back to their car and drove away from the area.
Shortly thereafter, Tricia looked in the rear view mirror and spotted “something brown on two legs and about six feet tall sprint behind the car.”
When they quickly reversed the vehicle and went back to where the anomaly had appeared, Dave heard “branches snapping and a splash into the water.”
On the drive home, the couple debated what it was that they had encountered and pondered if it could have been a bear or a person, but Tricia was certain that it was bipedal and seemingly covered in fur.
To their credit, they not only submitted their report to the BFRO the very next day, but actually agreed to be interviewed by an investigator and even took him out to the spot where the sighting took place.
Unfortunately, a fairly thorough search of the area failed to yield any evidence of the encounter, but the BFRO investigator who met with the couple found their account to be credible based on his interaction with them.
As one can imagine, the seemingly incongruous connection between Bigfoot and New Jersey has resulted in some ridicule about the story by mainstream media outlets yearning to make jokes about Sasquatch and Snooki.
However it’s not altogether unlikely that the wilderness of the Pine Barrens very well could be home to the creature and the couple’s description of feeling uneasy about a musky scent is in keeping with countless tales of Bigfoot sightings, suggesting that this may have been a genuine creature encounter.
What do you think Dave and Tricia saw in the forest? Let us know at the Coast to Coast AM Facebook page.
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Filer’s Files # 19 – 2018 – UFO’s Fly Over D.C. - PART II
Filer’s Files # 19 – 2018 – UFO’s Fly Over D.C. - PART II
UFO Sightings in the United States
California Object
I was outside working and taking pictures for work. I felt the need, like a call to take a picture above my head even though I did not see anything with the naked eye on March 11, 2017. The picture was only of the blue sunny sky above me. Later when I downloaded the picture and zoomed in I saw several crafts. But one in particular is very clear, donut light, with appendages on the bottom, what looks like a front single light and what looks like a central depression in the middle of the donut shaped craft. The picture taken is unmistakable on March 17, 2017 at Latitude 36.78247 Longitude119.41207
I researched shapes of weather balloons, probes and various research related machineries and none resembles the one in my picture. Since then I took sky pics and caught many round shaped metallic orbs, reflecting sunlight. Most appear silver globes but when I catch them behind the direct sunlight they appear to have a black horizontal window on the middle of them and look more oval shaped than round. One time I saw a huge flat disc with the naked eye and took also a picture. It is not a plane, no wings. Predominant factor is how slow it flew and wanted to be captured in the picture because as soon as I did it, it zoomed away in an instant. . My canon XS shot has a powerful zoom,
Not sure if of relevance but in fall 2011 a 3 dot triangular shaped scar appeared on my left knee. Overnight. I went to bed without and I woke with it. And since then it never disappeared. The dots at times are redder or swollen at times flat but always present. I measured the distance and it forms a perfect isosceles triangle with 15 mm distance between each dot. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Colorado Object
Westminster— I observed what I can best describe as a diamond shaped black object on May 10, 2018. It looked like an inflated black trash bag. The object appears to be approximately 2000 feet above the ground maybe less. I observed the silent object through a pair of binoculars and took video with an iPhone. The object was traveling north against the wind over Standley lake and continuing on a pattern that would take it over Rocky Mountain Metropolitan Airport. The object appeared to have a silver object hanging below the main body. The object was black in color but had a shiny surface. I watched for 15 minutes. I estimate the object size is that of a single engine Cessna aircraft may be larger. I do have video and screen capture pictures that show relatively good detail of the object. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Florida Lights
Orange Park— On May 8, 2018 my husband. our friend and I walked to her car and looked up. There it was flashing red and green with no noise.. I think it was too big for a drone. Last night I went out and there were 5. One big one right over the trees. No colors, just brilliant white lights. But it had one red and green lights to its left, two other red and green guys on his right. If I looked straight up, there was one. To the left was big bright Jupiter. I stayed out there for about an hour and 20 minutes and watched them with my daughter. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Michigan Object
Michigan City— I was arriving at Washington Park around 3 pm on May 10, 2018. I took a photo through the windshield of my car just 39 miles NW of Chicago. I sent it to my friend who asked what was that object in the distance?. I never noticed it until he pointed it out so it had to have been far out into the lake. Once I zoomed in it looked huge for the size and distance compared to the lighthouse? It looks to be too big to be a bird in flight. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Nevada Lights
Reno — I had just arrived home from work around midnight from May 4 going into May 5. 2018. As I walked up my driveway, I looked at the sky over my house. Low in the sky, over my neighborhood in South Reno, I saw a bright red light in the sky toward the west and a little north. It was much too big to be a star or planet, over the city. The light seemed more to radiate heat or energy. It wasn’t a steady solid “light bulb” type of light. This wasn’t a plane or helicopter and simply remained a light. It was silent. It moved, sometimes hovering, from north to south, before moving up at a 45-degree angle and dimming out high in the sky and disappeared, Three more identical objects appeared. Two of these lights traveled as a pair, a little higher in the sky than the first one, and the third lagged a little lower than the others. There was no noise, This made me pretty nervous. Thanks to MUFON CMS
New Jersey Lights
I was taking pictures of the stars and I thought that I saw a blue flash, of light on May 7, 2018. I just started snapping pictures (without the flash) and when I uploaded them I noticed that two of the pictures had a blue square in them, I enlarged them to see what the blue square was. I don’t know if it’s a UFO, space station a camera glitch or something else? I just find it to be very strange, in the second picture you can see that whatever it is changed direction. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Texas Cross
Fort Worth– I was sitting on the back porch watching when I saw the object in the sky and grabbed camera to video on April 30. 3018. I got an almost two minute video of the object as it moved south with the wind. It was 500-1000 feet up. At first, I assumed it was a balloon since it made carried with the strong winds at the time. After viewing the video, I am no longer convinced it was a balloon. The object changed shape many times in the two minutes. It clearly changes shape and the proportions for the basic T shaped object change dramatically. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Washington Disc
Ferndale — My mom was driving from my aunt’s house to come back to ours on May 8, 2018. My mom pointed it out to my family and said that she saw something strange. The UFO was moving very fast, moving approx. 100 feet in 30 seconds. I honestly felt really scared, but also shocked when I noticed it was an actual UFO, I was thinking about how it can probably abduct people. I lost sight of the object by driving away from it because our family had to get home. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Worldwide UFO Sightings
Australia Triangle
Mt Gravatt East — I was told there was to be a meteor shower visible from Brisbane between 3 and 3.30 AM, I set my camera on a tripod in the yard and aimed NE with my telephoto lens, I took over five shots with 30 second exposure, These orbs remained in the same spot but moved to form different shapes. They changed from large glob like shape to a stretched out horizontal V. They are clearly visible and a better view when zoom in. I believe they were stationary as the orbs didn’t blur.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
Canada Lights
Edmonton — Caught in night Cam on May 2, 2018. at my home in Oshawa, Ontario. I was outside having tea after 9:05 pm on April 30, 2018, and noticed a slow low dim white light appearing and disappearing. I watched it move from south to north almost directly above heading straight north. Then 20 minutes later I looked directly above to see another one heading towards Lake Ontario. Once outside again after 11: 00 pm, I see another one over Whitby township. It was near 11:30 pm and again saw bright ‘ pulses ‘ of white bright light over head. Thanks to Paul Shishis
France Lights
In August, I used to watch the sky and mechanically I grabbed my cell phone, Samsung S6 edge when I saw lights, I turned on the video and I was immediately attracted by bright spots. Then I zoomed in on these points to find that these points had symmetry in them. Seconds that followed, the luminous points dissociated, the point at the extreme right moved quite rapidly towards a diagonal. While the bright point on the extreme left is directed horizontally towards the center point in a straight line to stop over the latter. This bright spot coming from the left side changed direction and quickly left on the left side. The bright spots move in an unusual way and in opposite directions to each other,
Fighter jets can be heard at 25 seconds in the video, oddly, the points disappear very quickly, at 40 seconds we hear perfectly the fighter planes as well as their flashing lights typical of hunting planes at night. This is directly after having seen this luminous triangle and the way in which these objects manifested and moved,
as well as the very fast arrival of the fighter planes convinced me to be in the presence of a phenomenon of unidentified objects peculiar to UFOs. We are several kilometers from an air base at Toulouse, what surprised me is the speed with which fighter planes have come to hunt for these unidentified objects. A cylinder was connecting with another ball less important but not less bright ball. This photo is the left most ball at the time of viewing of the beginning of the video? Thanks to MUFON CMS
Mexico Lights
Tijuana — I was talking with a neighbor about a tool for the car when he suddenly told me to look at the sky. We saw the glowing light on the sky. I knew I needed to get my camera so told my neighbor to keep an eye on it so we did not miss it, got to my camera and shot the pics and video. When looking at the images we took it seems to be an group of orbs being altogether or surrounding something. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Puerto Rico Object
San Juan — Been thinking about this photo for several years. Not until after we got back to the states from Puerto Rico did we see that there was a saucer hovering above us in the sky.
Any further explanation would be super helpful. It always stumped us!
Thanks to MUFON CMS
UK Objects
Middlesbrough — Whilst walking home from a friend’s house around 7pm, on April 25, 2018, I noticed some dark objects in the sky. At first I thought it was a flock of birds but soon noticed that it looked like some sort of military plane flaying in a slightly curved path followed by four small, round objects. I got my phone out and started recording. I observed them for one minute before losing sight of them in the distance. There was the sound of a plane as it passed by. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Liverpool – On May 3, 2018, I took a picture of a rainbow and this was on it.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
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AFPOctopus Paul werd wereldberoemd tijdens het WK voetbal in Zuid-Afrika in 2010 door zijn pronostieken.
DIERENEen groep internationale wetenschappers stelt dat het best kan dat inktvissen op een andere planeet dan de aarde zijn ontstaan. Ze sluiten niet uit dat de exemplaren die we vandaag kennen, afstammen van wezens die bevroren in een ijskomeet op de aarde terechtkwamen.
Inktvissen zijn een aparte soort op aarde. “Hun grote brein en gesofisticeerd zenuwstelsel, hun camera-achtige ogen, hun flexibele lichamen, hun instant camouflage doordat ze van kleur en vorm kunnen veranderen, het zijn maar een paar opvallende kenmerken die in het evolutiescenario heel plots verschijnen”, schrijven de onderzoekers in hun paper, gepubliceerd in Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology. Ze opperen de mogelijkheid dat deze “grote sprong voorwaarts” te danken is aan “cryopreservatie van inktvissen en/of octopuseieren” die miljoenen jaren geleden via kometen in de oceaan zijn neergestort.
gettyDe octopus heeft 'zelfdenkende' armen, omdat hij, naast een centraal brein in de kop, ook acht kleinere breintjes in de tentakels heeft.
“Het bewijs van de rol van buitenaardse virussen bij de beïnvloeding van de evolutie op aarde bleek recentelijk plausibel vervat in het gen en de transcriptome sequencing van inktvissen”, schrijven de onderzoekers. “Het genoom van de octopus vertoont een duizelingwekkende complexiteit met 33.000 eiwit-coderende genen. Dat is meer dan bij de homo sapiens.”
Evolutionair liggen octopussen gigantisch ver van ons af. Vooral het feit dat ze zichzelf kunnen ‘ombouwen’ is straf en ongezien in de rest van de dierenwereld. Normaal evolueert een soort door veranderingen in het DNA, die de soort ten goede komen. Maar de erg complexe en intelligente weekdieren kunnen hun RNA - waarvan de chemische structuur deels vergelijkbaar is met die van het DNA - zelf wijzigen, wat ze ook geregeld doen. Die unieke handigheid betekent wel dat inktvissen nog nauwelijks evolueren. En omdat het op aarde verder onbestaande is, ligt ook een buitenaardse verklaring op de loer.
Wetenschappers opperen al langer de mogelijkheid dat het leven op aarde beïnvloed is door buitenaards leven en zelfs dat alles wat we nu kennen niet op onze aarde is ontstaan, maar uit organismen uit de ruimte. Dat is de hypothese die panspermie genoemd wordt. Dat kan niet bewezen worden, omdat er nog nooit buitenlands leven is aangetroffen. Het kan ook niet wetenschappelijk tegengesproken worden.
REUTERSOctopussen zijn erg slim en kunnen bijvoorbeeld zelf een pot opendraaien.
DIERENZo’n 160 kilometer van de westkust van Costa Rica hebben wetenschappers een tot nu toe onbekende octopussoort ontdekt. De dieren leven op maar liefst 3.000 meter diepte in temperaturen waarvan werd gedacht dat ze er eigenlijk niet in konden overleven.
Diepzeebiologen zijn verbluft door de beelden van de paarse dieren, een nieuwe ondersoort van het genus Muuscoctopus. Ze werden in 2013 aangetroffen toen wetenschappers monsters van het water uit hydrothermische openingen wilden verzamelen in de Dorado-rotsformatie, een gebied dat gevormd werd door gestolde lava.
Ongeveer honderd van de octopussen zaten samen, terwijl ze normaal gezien eenzaten zijn. Het ging om moederdieren die hun eieren bewaakten, een tragische situatie omdat ze slechts een keer in hun leven eieren produceren. Ze maken die dan vast aan een rots of een andere vaste structuur, en sterven snel nadat hun nakomelingen wegzwemmen.
Normaal gezien zouden de octopussen niet kunnen overleven in de buurt van de vulkanische openingen, zegt Janet Voight, coauteur van het onderzoek Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers dat eind maart verscheen. Dankzij het warme water ontwikkelen de embryo’s zich wel sneller, maar daardoor hebben ze ook meer zuurstof nodig. En die is slechts in mondjesmaat beschikbaar in de buurt van de openingen, legt Voight uit. “Ik zie niet in hoe ze ooit kunnen overleven.” Na een onderzoek van 186 eitjes op de beelden, vond ze geen enkel met een embryo in ontwikkeling.
Holtes en spleten
En dat leidt tot de vraag: waarom kozen de octopussen zo’n rotslechte plaats om hun eitjes te plaatsen? Voight denkt dat een groot deel van de Dorado-rotsformatie mogelijk een geweldige plaats is om een octopusfamilie groot te brengen, met ideale locaties om eieren te leggen in scheuren en spleten in de verharde lava. De onderzoekers zagen inderdaad armen van octopussen uit scheuren komen, wat suggereert dat in holtes binnenin nog dieren zitten in koeler water met meer zuurstof. Dat melden Geoff Wheat, een geochemicus aan de universiteit van Alaska Fairbanks die twee expedities naar de rotsformatie leidde, en hoofdonderzoekster Anne Hartwell, een oceanografe verbonden aan de university van Akron in Ohio en de university van Alaska Fairbanks.
Mogelijk waren deze toplocaties dus volzet, en waren deze moederdieren genoodzaakt een veel slechtere kinderkamer te kiezen. Het is ook mogelijk dat de scheuren niet zo actief waren toen de octopussen hun eieren legden, en dat het warme water en het lagere zuurstofgehalte pas later zijn gekomen, meent Mindy Weisberger van LiveScience.
rv
Opwindend
De ‘gedoemde’ kinderkamer van de octopussen blijft voorlopig dus een mysterie, maar biedt wetenschappers een opwindende blik op tot nog toe ongezien octopusgedrag. “Deze fascinerende ontdekking toont ook aan hoe weinig we weten over het oceaanleven weten”, aldus Voight.
Wheat besluit ook dat nog veel te leren valt over de dieptes van de oceanen. “Dit is pas het derde dergelijke hydrothermische systeem dat onderzocht werd, terwijl de diepzee nog miljoenen gelijkaardige omgevingen bevat. Welke andere opmerkelijke ontdekkingen staan ons nog te wachten?”
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Legendarische verloren stad per toeval ontdekt. Deze oude kleitabletten gaven de locatie prijs
Legendarische verloren stad per toeval ontdekt. Deze oude kleitabletten gaven de locatie prijs
Archeologen hebben de locatie van een verloren Mesopotamische stad ontdekt. Ze hebben kleitabletten gevonden die de naam van de oude stad prijsgaven.
Mardaman was een belangrijke stad in het oude Nabije Oosten, maar niemand wist waar de legendarische stad zich bevond. Daar is nu verandering in gekomen.
Kleitabletten (Peter Pfälzner)
Duitse archeologen voeren al enkele jaren opgravingen uit in het noorden van Iraaks Koerdistan.
Bewaren voor het nageslacht
Per toeval stuitten ze in de ruïnes van een paleis op 92 kleitabletten die verstopt waren in een kruik. De tabletten bleken de naam van een oude stad te bevatten: Mardaman.
De kruik waarin de tabletten zaten was ingepakt in een dikke laag klei, wat erop wijst dat de inwoners van de stad wilden dat de tabletten bewaard zouden blijven.
“Misschien was het de bedoeling de informatie op de tabletten te beschermen en te bewaren voor het nageslacht,” zei professor Peter Pfälzner van de Universiteit van Tübingen.
Invloedrijke stad
Mardaman was een invloedrijke stad en een regionaal koninkrijk tussen Mesopotamië, Anatolië en Syrië, aldus Pfälzner.
Het is voor het eerst dat er grootschalig wetenschappelijk onderzoek plaatsvindt in Mardaman.
Eerder werden al wel wat overblijfselen uit de stad gevonden, waaronder een koperen beeld van een naakte figuur dat na de Amerikaanse invasie van Irak in 2003 verdween tijdens de plunderingen, maar later weer werd teruggevonden.
Chalk it up to the conspiracy theorist in me, but sometimes I think NASA removed Pluto’s distinction as a planet so they wouldn’t have to say they’ve found proof of “Planet X.” It sounds less threatening to say “Planet Nine,” especially when there’s recent news of more evidence for a large, mysterious planet at the far edge of our solar system. Scientists are quick to say that this is not proof of Nibiru or any of the wild “Planet X” theories, but it is more strong evidence that a planet with 10 times the mass of Earth might hide just out of sight.
Astronomer David Gerdes of the University of Michigan is part of a team that published a journal article on May 14, 2018 which describes the strange orbit of a possible dwarf planet beyond Neptune. This mysterious extra-solar object seems to orbit the sun at a 54 degree angle away from the orbital plane of the other planets in our solar system. The object was found using data from the Dark Energy Survey, which seeks to measure the expansion of the universe via a probe high above (or below, it is space after all) the solar system. There shouldn’t be anything there, but although Gerdes’ team did not expect to find it, the strange deep-space object was precisely predicted by two astronomers at the California Institute of Technology, Konstantin Batygin and Michael Brown, who, in 2016, first argued for the existence of another giant planet in our solar system.
Batygin and Brown surveyed a group of objects in the Kupier Belt and found that their orbits all tended to converge on the same quadrant of space. They argued that since this is extremely unlikely to occur on it’s own, there must be a a gravitational force pulling on the orbits of the Kupier belt objects. Specifically, the mass of something 10 times the size of Earth.
Using computer simulations, and Brown were able to predict what other effects this mysterious “Planet Nine” would have. They predicted that the Kupier Belt objects would slowly be pulled into a perpendicular orbit with the rest of the solar system, an orbit the object found by Gerdes and his team seems to be moving towards. Michael Brown says:
“There’s no real way to put something on an orbit like that—except that it’s exactly what we predicted from Planet Nine.”
Our solar system orbits the sun on one plane. The new object has a perpendicular orbit to that plane.
How spot on were Batygin and Brown’s predictions? Konstantin Batygin says the object found by David Gerdes fits with their model so well it could pass as one of their simulation’s data points. Batygin says:
“A good theory reproduces data, but a great theory predicts new data.”
While this isn’t absolute proof of “Planet Nine,” the fact that this weird object’s orbit was so precisely predicted by Batygin and Brown’s model is pretty amazing. At the very least it suggests their argument might hold water and should be studied further.
Just remember, if Pluto was still a planet we wouldn’t be talking about “Planet Nine,” we’d be talking about “Planet X.” Checkmate, NASA.
Mystery Flash and Boom recorded on Ohio Security Cameras
Mystery Flash and Boom recorded on Ohio Security Cameras
For weeks concerned residents of Anderson Township have heard and seen explosions and flashes that are not from fireworks, sonic booms, or other sources.
On April 21 multiple callers reported a loud boom, according to communications center records and on may 12 it happened again. Steve Hart captured one such blast on his security cams.
The sounds are "true booms, they sound like a powerful explosion and it's unlike anything I've ever seen or felt before and I've been very up close with the WEBN Fireworks many times” Anderson Township resident Kimberly Kempke said to Cincinnati.news.
It appears as though both times the loud booms were heard on a Saturday evening approximately one month apart, but the source of the flashes and booms remain a mystery.
Because it sucks in so much gas, this black hole appears ultra-luminous. If it sat at the center of our Milky Way, we’d see it shining 10 times more brightly than a full moon.
Astronomers announced on May 15, 2018, that they’ve identified the fastest-growing black hole yet known in the universe. They describe it as a monster that devours a mass equivalent to our sun every two days. They spied this black hole – which is also known as an ultra-luminous quasar – while looking back more than 12 billion years to what are called the cosmic dark ages of our universe.
At that time, this supermassive black hole was estimated to be the size of about 20 billion suns. It had a 1 percent growth rate every million years.
Christian Wolf of Australian National University (ANU) is lead author of the study of this object, which is labeled by the quasar name QSO SMSS~J215728.21-360215.1. Wolf said in a statement:
This black hole is growing so rapidly that it’s shining thousands of times more brightly than an entire galaxy, due to all of the gases it sucks in daily that cause lots of friction and heat.
If we had this monster sitting at the center of our Milky Way galaxy, it would appear 10 times brighter than a full moon. It would appear as an incredibly bright pin-point star that would almost wash out all of the stars in the sky.
The study is due to appear in the peer-reviewed journal Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia (PASA).
Artist’s rendering of the accretion disk of a supermassive black hole, located within a very distant quasar. Imagine this accretion disk much, much brighter, due to the great quantities of gas being sucked into the hole, and you’ll have the idea of the ultra-luminous system QSO SMSS~J215728.21-360215.1.
Wolf said the energy emitted from this newly-discovered supermassive black hole, also known as a quasar, was mostly ultraviolet light but also X-rays. He said:
Again, if this monster was at the center of the Milky Way it would likely make life on Earth impossible with the huge amounts of X-rays emanating from it.
These astronomers used the SkyMapper telescope at Siding Spring Observatory in Australia to detect the light of this object in the near-infrared. They needed to look in that realm of the electromagnetic spectrum because the light waves had red-shifted over the billions of light-years to Earth. Wolf said:
As the universe expands, space expands and that stretches the light waves and changes their color.
Wolf said that large and rapidly-growing black holes are exceedingly rare. He said he and his team have been searching for them with the SkyMapper telescope for several months now.
The European Space Agency’s Gaia satellite – an astrometry satellite, which measures tiny motions of celestial objects – also helped find this supermassive black hole. Wolf said the Gaia satellite confirmed the object that they had found was sitting still, meaning that it was far away. Thus it was a candidate to be a very large quasar.
The discovery of the new supermassive black hole was confirmed using the spectrograph on the ANU 2.3 meter telescope to split colors into spectral lines. Wolf said:
We don’t know how this one grew so large, so quickly in the early days of the universe. The hunt is on to find even faster-growing black holes.
Wolf also said that, as these kinds of black holes shine, they can be used as beacons to see and study the formation of elements in the early galaxies of the universe.
Scientists can see the shadows of objects in front of the supermassive black hole. Fast-growing supermassive black holes also help to clear the fog around them by ionizing gases, which makes the universe more transparent.
Astronomers used the SkyMapper telescope at Siding Spring Observatory in Australia in the search for large and rapidly-growing black holes. The Gaia satellite helped confirm its great distance from Earth.
Here’s A Detailed Look Into The Mysterious Osiris Shaft Beneath The Pyramids Of Giza
Here’s A Detailed Look Into The Mysterious Osiris Shaft Beneath The Pyramids Of Giza
f you travel to the Giza plateau, you should know that there are many incredible things to explore, in addition to the three main pyramids.
One such fantastic feature is the so-called Tomb of Osiris, or commonly referred to as the Osiris Shaft.
Located beneath the stone causeway of the Pyramid of Khafre, this enigmatic tomb is a mysterious structure composed of various intricately carved levels beneath the surface.
Despite the fact that its existence has been known for a few years, it wasn’t until recently that the structure was adequately excavated and documented.
In ancient times, the shaft was used by people as a swimming hole since it was filled with water.
Selim Hassan and his team were one of the first to explore the shaft in the 1930‘s, but it wasn’t until 1999 when the structure was fully excavated by Zahi Hawass. By 1999 the water levels at the Giza plateau had lowered to the point that a detailed excavation was possible.
Here is Selim Hassan’s description of the Osiris Shaft:
“Upon the surface of the causeway, they first built a platform in the shape of a mastaba, using stones taken from the ruins of the covered corridor of the causeway. In the centre of this superstructure, they sank a shaft, which passed through the roof and floor of the subway running under the causeway to a depth of about 9.00 m. At the bottom of this shaft is a rectangular chamber, in the floor of the eastern side of which is another shaft. This descends about 14.00 m. and terminates in a spacious hall surrounded by seven burial-chambers, in each of which is a sarcophagus. Two of these sarcophagi, which are of basalt and are monolithic, are so enormous that at first, we wondered if they contained the bodies of sacred bulls.”
It was revealed that the shaft is composed of three different levels.
The first level was found to be empty.
The second level is a tunnel that leads into a room with six other chambers carved out of the stone walls. Inside these chambers, researchers have recovered pottery sherds, ceramic beads, and ushabtis (small servant figurines).
Furthermore, basalt sarcophagi were found in Chambers C, D, and G; badly decomposed skeletal remains were found in the sarcophagi in Chambers C and G. Based on stylistic grounds the artifacts, sarcophagi included, date to Dynasty 26 (ibid: 386-87).
An overview of the Osiris Shaft.
In the lowest chamber of the Osiris shaft, some 30 meters below the surface lies a mystery described by Herodotus, which was written off as a myth by mainstream scholars.
However, it turned out that Herodotus was right all along, and mainstream scholars were wrong.
The lowest chamber of the shaft is a sort of subterraneanhall, and inside it lies a sarcophagus, perfectly preserved and empty. The third level of the Osiris Shaft is found to be more complex regarding design and architecture.
The most important discovery made in the third level of the Osiris Shaft was red-polished pottery, containing traces of white paint. Experts managed to date back the pottery remains to the 6thy dynasty, from the end of the Old Kingdom.
This means that the pottery recovered in the third level is, in fact, the oldest possible datable material in the entire complex.
Based on research and archeological evidence recovered throughout the years, the Osiris Shaft is believed to date originally from the Old Kingdom, more precisely to the Sixth Dynasty (2355-2195 BCE).
The Osiris shaft was opened to the public for the first time in 2017.
A magnificent insight into the mysterious shaft proving that despite the fact that we know a lot about ancient Egypt, there are many details we have still not uncovered.
Check out the video:
Brien Foerster and his team will return to the Giya plateau in April 2019. For more information check this out.
Astronomers observed an unknown object moving at four times the speed of light and emitting radio signals
Astronomers observed an unknown object moving at four times the speed of light and emitting radio signals
A neighboring galaxy, Messier 82, was found 8 years ago to be firing off radio waves at alarming speed.
Described as a starburst or cigar galaxy, M82 is about a dozen light years away. In 2010, the radio waves were observed at the Jodrell Bank Observatory in England. It is reportedly traveling at four times the speed of light. Unfortunately, it is yet to be identified.
It was considered that it could perhaps be a supernova, but this was deemed unlikely due to the fact that those emissions generally diminish after weeks while the unknown object has kept on strongly over time. Also, the UK telescope system MERLIN determined a change of direction which suggested it’s movement to be superluminal.
Scientists also determined it was in the wrong location for a black hole and therefore it was more likely to be a microquasar. Again, this idea was turned aside due to the fact that microquasar emit x-rays in massive numbers and the readings on x-rays did not support it.
"We don’t know what it is"
This leaves it as an unidentifiable object, although there is still the thought that it could be a black hole outside of the usual location for this phenomenon. One scientist, Dr. Paul LaViolette, determined that it may actually be a superwave, that is an emission of cosmic ray radiation that is moving quickly out of a nucleus. This superwave theory has been generally disregarded due to the notion that cosmic rays only follow a linear trajectory.
This particular scientist went on to determine that the origin of the radio waves is likely to be the core, and the emissions which are just reaching us visually now were likely from as much as 80 years ago. He speculates further on M82 itself, why it has such a high level of supernovae activity. He determines this may be due to a superwave or two traveling through the disc and setting off a chain reaction that causes these phenomena.
Dr. LaViolette is considered a “scientific rebel”. He has published many papers on Physics and Astronomy including his own Ph.D. dissertation that deals directly with superwaves. He addresses this subject again in other papers, specifically relating unusual supernova activity in the Milky Way with superwaves, and what is happening in M82, along with the effect on Earth and our solar system such waves can create.
His theory has not yet been accepted by the scientific community and therefore the unusual, speedy radio waves of the starburst galaxy remain classified as unknown.
Bright ball of light in extreme acceleration towards space, is seen in two UFO videos from 2010. The unknown object starts as a bright ball of light but ends up very dim on the top of the acceleration before it disappears.
The video above was uploaded by Youtube user ufowatcher5150 on May 14th 2010. See the video to end to see it accelerate.
Bright ball of light in extreme acceleration
This bright ball of light shows extreme acceleration that can not be done by our existing technology. Not as we know of. Some governments may have advanced technology in black projects that is not known to the public. Some of these could coincidentally end up on some of the many video camcorders out there.
The alternative explanation could be space aliens in their spaceship leaving earth. A more down to earth explanation would be some kind of meteorological phenomenon we don´t know about yet – just apart from what we can see in the video.
I have seen an object travel a lot faster than this refering to the UFO sighting, landing and first contact article. So I know by my own eyes, that there is a possibility for those who look up often, to see accelerations like these. The UFO in the video above accelerates to speeds way over what we are used to see in the skies.
Reaching speed of light towards space?
The UFO is seen reaching extreme speed supposedly towards space. Notice how the light from the object fades when it reaches a certain speed. Could this be because it reaches speed of light? No, this is not light speed.
Speed of light is much faster than this and the object would disappear immidiately. Speed of light is 299.792.458 meter per second, so it would just blink out and disappear. The distance to the Moon is for example 384.400.000 meters, so an object travelling with speed of light from Earth, would be at the Moon in 1,28 seconds. What we see here is not light speed.
Another UFO video from uploader
I found another UFO video from Youtube user ufowatcher5150 that also shows extreme acceleration. The footage is from the day after on May 15th 2010. It shows exactly the same, a big ball of light that accelerates to an extreme speed.
The second video above is also an acceleration. And it makes me a bit nervous, because isn´t it too good to be true to record this twice.!? The video has not been flipped horizontally and re-uploaded. It is indeed two different videos. Both videos with UFOs in extreme acceleration seems legit to me, but I cannot be 100% sure.
See other videos here, go to categories here or check the stream of articles here
Strange Extraterrestrial Laser Signal Detected at the Heart of the Spectacular Ant Nebula
Strange Extraterrestrial Laser Signal Detected at the Heart of the Spectacular Ant Nebula
New data shows that the Ant Nebula beams intense laser emission from its core. Lasers are well-known down on earth in everyday life, from special visual effects in music concerts to health care and communications. In space, laser emission is detected at very different wavelengths and only under certain conditions. Only a few of these infrared space lasers are known.
An international team of astronomers have discovered an unusual laser emission that suggests the presence of a double star system hidden at the heart of the spectacular nebula. The extremely rare phenomenon is connected to the death of a star and was discovered in observations made by European Space Agency's (ESA) Herschel space observatory.
When low- to middleweight stars like our Sun approach the end of their lives they eventually become dense, white dwarf stars. In the process, they cast off their outer layers of gas and dust into space, creating a kaleidoscope of intricate patterns known as a planetary nebula. Our Sun is expected to one day form such a planetary nebula.
The recent Herschel observations have shown that the dramatic demise of the central star in the core of the Ant Nebula is even more theatrical than implied by its colourful appearance in visible images - such as those taken by the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope.
By coincidence, astronomer Donald Menzel who first observed and classified this particular planetary nebula in the 1920s (it is officially known as Menzel 3 after him) was also one of the first to suggest that in certain conditions natural 'light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation' - from which the acronym 'laser' derives - could occur in nebulae in space. This was well before the discovery of lasers in laboratories.
Dr Isabel Aleman, lead author of a paper describing the new results, said "We detected a very rare type of emission called hydrogen recombination laser emission, which is only produced in a narrow range of physical conditions.
"Such emission has only been identified in a handful of objects before and it is a happy coincidence that we detected the kind of emission that Menzel suggested, in one of the planetary nebulae that he discovered."
This kind of laser emission needs very dense gas close to the star. Comparison of the observations with models found that the density of the gas emitting the lasers is around ten thousand times denser than the gas seen in typical planetary nebulae and in the lobes of the Ant Nebula itself.
Normally, the region close to the dead star - close in this case being about the distance of Saturn from the Sun - is quite empty, because its material is ejected outwards. Any lingering gas would soon fall back onto it.
Co-author Prof Albert Zijlstra, from the Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics at University of Manchester, added: "The only way to keep such dense gas close to the star is if it is orbiting around it in a disc. In this nebula, we have actually observed a dense disc in the very centre that is seen approximately edge-on. This orientation helps to amplify the laser signal.
"The disc suggests there is a binary companion, because it is hard to get the ejected gas to go into orbit unless a companion star deflects it in the right direction. The laser gives us a unique way to probe the disc around the dying star, deep inside the planetary nebula."
Astronomers have not yet seen the expected second star, hidden in the heart of the Ant nebula.
Göran Pilbratt, ESA's Herschel project scientist, added: "It is a nice conclusion that it took the Herschel mission to connect together Menzel's two discoveries from almost a century ago."
The paper's publication coincides with the first UNESCO International Day of Light, and celebrates the anniversary of the first successful operation of the laser in 1960 by physicist and engineer, Theodore Maiman.
The Mystery Behind The ‘Best’ UFO Sighting In Space: The Gemini IV UFO
The Mystery Behind The ‘Best’ UFO Sighting In Space: The Gemini IV UFO
During the Gemini IV mission, astronauts James McDivitt and Ed White circled the Earth 66 times and leaving a mark in history as the first multi-day space flight by the United States. During the mission, the astronauts photographed a mysterious, cylindrical-shaped object which is hailed by many authors as one of the best UFO images ever taken.
In June of 1965, Brigadier General, James McDivitt, the commander on the Gemini IV mission and Ed White pilot of the Gemini IV took part in the first multi-day space flight by the United States, designed to show that it was possible for humans to remain in space for extended lengths of time.
The Gemini IV mission was the SECOND manned spaceflight in NASA’s Project Gemini and was the tenth manned American Spaceflight.
For a period of four days, Astronauts James McDivitt and Ed White circled the Earth 66 times. The mission marked the first spacewalk ever performed by an American astronaut. Ed White floated free outside the Gemini spacecraft—tethered to it—for around 20 minutes.
In addition to the above, the Gemini IV mission was also one of the very first space missions by NASA in which a number of scientific experiments were performed in space. Astronauts James McDivitt and Ed White used a sextant to investigate the use of celestial navigation for lunar flight in the Apollo program.
However, the mission would later also become famous because of a strange image snapped by astronaut James McDivitt, as the Gemini spacecraft was orbiting our planet.
The Gemini 4 UFO
Millions of people around the globe claim to have witnessed strange things in the sky.
Today, if we make a quick search on Youtube, we will find countless videos and images of alleged unidentified flying objects, that promise to offer the ultimate evidence of alien visitations on Earth.
But despite this ample material evidence, the truth remains a profound enigma.
If we are to look for UFO sightings, and potential evidence of an ‘alien presence’ on Earth, then the best and most reputable people we ought to ask these questions to are probably Astronauts.
There are dozens of reports associating Astronauts with UFO encounters. Whether we take a look at NASA’s Apollo missions, or those predating Apollo, it seems we always end up digging up something worthy of mention.
Many UFO experts claim how one of the best images of a UFO was taken precisely during the Gemini IV mission when astronaut James McDivitt, command pilot of the two-man Gemini IV spacecraft photographed something in low orbit around Earth.
This image, according to an article by UFO Evidence even baffled the super-skeptical Condon Committee in 1969; a photograph from his flight has been widely hailed as one of the “best UFO photos ever made.”
But despite the fact that many authors consider the image snapped by McDivitt as one of the best UFO images out there, the former NASA astronaut never made much of his sightings, suggesting that he saw some unidentified but still man-made piece of orbital debris.
NASA has always remained skeptical about the sighting of strange objects like the one snapped by McDivitt. In fact, NASA insisted that there was nothing at all mysterious about the object snapped by the former astronaut and that it was clearly terrestrial in origin, and most likely belonged to either the Americans or Soviets.
Some skeptics even suggested that it may have been McDivitt’s booster rocket.
Here’s McDivitt’s account of his UFO, as he summarized it on the Dick Cavett Show in November 1973 (as reported in FATE magazine, June 1974), “I was flying with Ed White. He was sleeping at the time, so I don’t have anybody to verify my story. We were drifting in space with the control engines shut down, and all the instrumentation off (when) suddenly (an object) appeared in the window. It had a very definite shape — a cylindrical object — it was white — it had a long arm that stuck out on the side. I don’t know whether it was a very small object up close or a very large object a long ways away.”
“There was nothing to judge by. I don’t know how big it was. We had two cameras that were just floating in the spacecraft at the time, so I grabbed one and took a picture of (the object) and grabbed the other and took a picture. Then I turned on the rocket control systems because I was afraid we might hit it. At the time we were drifting — without checking I have no idea which way we were going — but as we drifted up a little farther the sun shone on the window of the spacecraft.”
“The windshield was dirty — just like in an automobile, you can’t see through it. So I had the rocket control engines going again and moved the spacecraft so that the window was in darkness again — the object was gone.”
“I called down later and told them what had happened, and they went back and checked their records of other space debris that was flying around, but we were never able to identify what it could have been. The film was sent back to NASA and reviewed by some NASA film technicians. One of them selected what he thought was what we talked about, at least before I had a chance to review it. It was not the picture — it was a picture of a sun reflection on the window.”
The Gemini 4 UFO and images of the USS Trepang
Curiously, in 2015, a number of images appeared on the internet that were allegedly snapped by the USS Trepang.
The images allegedly show a mysterious, unidentified object which, according to a number of UFO researchers eerily resembles the alleged UFO photographed by James McDivitt, during the Gemini IV mission.
The images of the UFO snapped by the USS Trepang SSN 674 were taken in March 1971.
The images made available thanks to John Greenewald from “The Black Vault” and Alex Mistretta are full Page Scans from “Top Secret Magazine.”
You can find the original scans, thanks to Reddit user SquizCat.
Some authors argue how the object seen by the crew of the USS Trepang SSN 674 are similar to the object snapped in space by the Gemini IV crew, raising questions whether there is a possibility that astronauts James McDivitt and Ed White actually saw the same object in space.
While a long-term settlement on Mars could be an exciting endeavor, sustaining life there will be difficult — and that’s putting it lightly, a cognitive scientist tells Inverse.
A study published in the June edition of Futures reports that reproducing on the red planet could present numerous medical challenges. The team of researchers, based at the University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Poland, says the only way to successfully create a Mars settlement would be to genetically alter our bodies.
Since Mars has an extremely thin atmosphere — about 100 times thinner than Earth’s — cosmic radiation is a much larger concern on the red planet than it is here. Earth’s magnetic field protects us from solar wind and high-energy space particles that could cause us harm. No such shield exists on Mars, which could cause issues in fetal development.
“The biggest challenges for human reproductive biology are caused by [a] specific space environment including microgravity during the long journey to Mars, cosmic rays (the biggest during the journey but also high exposure to cosmic radiation just on Mars) and extremely high bone loss (caused mostly by microgravity),” the study’s lead author Konrad Szocik, a cognitive scientist, tells Inverse. “Radiation will be a big challenge for human reproduction, beginning from effective fertilization.”
Artist's rendition of a SpaceX capsule flying by Mars.
Radiation and decreased gravity on Mars could indeed make human reproduction much more dangerous. On Earth, radiation exposure can be seriously harmful to fetuses and can impact brain development, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). One could assume that the Martian environment could affect embryonic development and/or reproductive cells in a much more intense way.
“Radiation is known to be deleterious for adults and especially for reproductive cells, developing embryos and fetuses, and is already considered a major health hazard to astronauts,” the team writes.
Besides building an intricate, underground system of tunnels to protect us all from radiation, there doesn’t appear to be many options left for a long-term settlement on Mars. And while it might sound very sci-fi — as all of this does, really — the researchers suggest changing our bodies to be better suited for Mars.
“The method of CRISPR makes possible adaptive genetic engineering,” the team writes. “We should consider the idea of genetic human enhancement before and during that mission. Genetic engineering and deep-space isolation can result in speciation of Homo Sapiens. In such a scenario, new ethical challenges arise from the evolution of a new kind of human species who will possess a new nature and, consequently, possibly new moral duties and rights when compared with people living on Earth.”
That’s pretty heavy, especially considering we don’t (yet) have the technology to upgrade our bodies like iPhones. While this work isn’t a guide on how to build a Martian settlement, it does raise valid questions on how to keep one relatively healthy and sustainable.
UFO-fanaat legt mysterieus rood object vast in de ruimte. Is dit een buitenaardse satelliet?
UFO-fanaat legt mysterieus rood object vast in de ruimte. Is dit een buitenaardse satelliet?
Houdt een buitenaardse beschaving de aarde van een afstand in de gaten? Onderstaande beelden zijn begin deze maand gemaakt in Aztec in de Amerikaanse staat New Mexico, meldt het Duitse weekblad Sternvandaag.
Een man legde een mysterieus object vast terwijl hij foto’s van sterrenstelsels aan het maken was. Het lijkt te gaan om een soort rode UFO.
Hij maakte bij het MUFON melding van het object. “Ik bekeek die avond twee sterrenstelsels in mijn achtertuin,” zei hij. “Het object verscheen op één van mijn subframes.”
Satelliet
“In eerste instantie dacht ik dat het een satelliet of vliegtuig op grote hoogte was,” vervolgde hij.
“Eén van mijn foto’s laat zien hoe ver het object door het frame beweegt bij een sluitertijd van drie minuten,” klonk het.
Het object was in andere frames nergens meer te bekennen. De man zag het die avond niet meer terug.
Verbergt
Een YouTube-filmpje over de ‘buitenaardse satelliet’ is al bijna een half miljoen keer bekeken. “NASA moet de waarheid vertellen over aliens,” reageerde iemand.
“Als gewone mensen dit kunnen vinden, stel je dan eens voor wat NASA allemaal verbergt,” zei iemand anders.
Een derde persoon sprak van ‘het meest overtuigende bewijs van buitenaards leven tot nu toe’.
There has been a lot of talk in recent times of the possibility of other realities and dimensions existing beside out own, all around us, yet mostly unobserved and lying beyond our ability to perceive them. In these alternate realities there are theorized to be other versions of ourselves or the world we think know so well, and for the most part they seem to remain beyond ours, existing separately. However, what if the boundaries between us are more malleable than we know? What if we can not only shift between them, but have already done so in large numbers, at the whim of some tide between dimensional realms that we cannot possibly fathom? By some accounts, this could be happening now as we speak.
One of the more bizarre and controversial pieces of supposed evidence put forward for the existence of alternate realities and parallel universes is a phenomenon known as the Mandela Effect, which involves a mass misremembering of the same facts or details by a large number of people. The theory has its origins in 2010 with a paranormal researcher named Fiona Broome, when she found that a fact she clearly remembered seeing on the news, that Nelson Mandela had died in prison in the 1980s, was actually wrong and that he in fact was still alive at the time, indeed living until 2013, when he died from a respiratory illness at his home. This perplexed her, as she so vividly and clearly remembered his death in the 80s, and when she voiced this puzzlement online there was a deluge of others who seemed to share this memory of the same thing, claiming that they clearly recalled seeing it on the news, could envision the reports, and even that they had been taught about it at school.
Baffled, Broome went on to formulate the idea that this gap between reality and what was so strongly remembered by large groups of people who had these shared memories was perhaps caused by these people having somehow splintered off and shifted over between parallel dimensions brushing up against each other while keeping the memories of their old reality and timeline, which often did not completely line up with the way things are in the new one. Broome would go on to write numerous articles and books on the subject, until the Mandela Effect achieved its clout and place in the lexicon of the world of the weird, and it has frequently used as a possible hint at alternate realities.
As farfetched as this all may sound, it is at the least odd, and there are a formidable number of instances of the supposed Mandela Effect in action that has been amassed over the years. One of the most common examples of the Mandela Effect in action have to do with names or titles that many of us remember quite clearly, but which are not what we may recall. By far the most famous of these is the case of the beloved series of children’s books and subsequent TV shows called The Berenstain Bears. What? Do you think I misspelled that? That’s exactly the point. Millions of people distinctly remember this series being called “The Berenstein Bears,” with an “e.”
While this may seem a minor thing, the fact is that the majority of people adamantly insist on this spelling, when the series is really “The Berenstain Bears,” with an “a,” and it has always been spelled that way. Go back and check all of that memorabilia, that’s how it has always been spelled, but then why would so many people so clearly remember and insist upon the wrong spelling? That depends on who you ask. For some it is merely a false collective memory caused by various psychological factors. For others, it is evidence of memories of an alternate reality, one in which it is The Berenstein Bears. One blogger named simply “Reece” explained this fairly wild theory thus:
At some time in the last 10 years or so, reality has been tampered with and history has been retroactively changed. The bears really were called the “BerenstEin Bears” when we were growing up, but now reality has been altered such that the name of the bears has been changed post hoc. Somehow, we have all undergone a π/2 phase change in all 4 dimensions so that we moved to the stAin hexadectant, while our counterparts moved to our hexadectant (stEin). They are standing around expressing their confusion about the “Berenstein Bears” and how they all remember “Berenstain Bears” on the covers growing up. Those who remember the name as “Berenstain” are native to this “A” Universe, while those who are sure it’s “Berenstein” traveled over from the “E” Universe.
There is even purported evidence that something weird is going on with the “Berenstain Bears.” On one Reddit thread a commenter shared a photo of what was supposed to be incontrovertible proof that the name actually secretly shifted at some point. The photo shows an old and battered VHS tape that on its real label reads the maddening “Berenstain Bears,” yet a sticker placed on the side, likely by a distributing company, clearly reads “Berenstein Bears,” which is seen as evidence that the dimensional slip did not completely erase its history. There have been various other photos brought forward of old TV schedules or copies that say “Berenstein Bears,” which have been brought forward as evidence, but it all remains a mystery and plenty of people do not even recognize that spelling at all. Have we been shuffled between alternate realities at some point?
This very strange effect may be more prevalent than we know, as TV shows, movies, and books often have titles that are different than what a large portion of people distinctively remember. A very well-known and popular show was what you may know of as “Sex in the City,” only that is wrong, as it was actually called “Sex AND the City.” This mistake is so pervasive that many awards show hosts and sites have gotten it wrong, but according to the producers it has always been “Sex and the City.” The movie based on the series of vampire novels by author Anne Rice was also fondly remembered by many as “Interview With a Vampire,” but this is actually not correct, in that it is actually called “Interview with THE Vampire.” This mistake is so rampant that it has even wormed its way into Google, but the title many of you remember is wrong.
There are even titles of shows that seem to have changed, only to change back to the way they were, oddly enough. The famous Hanna-Barbera cartoon “The Flintstones” apparently inexplicably was written for some time a few years ago as “The Flinstones,” with no “T,” and many people remember being perplexed by that, but now it is back to having the “T.” What in the world is going on there? Did we all shift in and then back out of a dimension in which it is spelled “The Flinstones?”
The thing is, this is by far not even the only example of this sort of thing going on by a long shot, and cases of this in action are quite numerous. Another spelling anomaly is that the popular American cereal “Froot Loops” is widely and vividly remembered by many people as being spelled “Fruit Loops,” which is not correct, at least in this reality.There is also the eerie fact that a large number of people, me included, adamantly remember the beloved cartoon series starring Bugs Bunny and Daffy, The Looney Tunes, as being spelled “Looney Toons.”
The list goes on and on with all manner of products. Do you remember “Oscar Meyer Wieners?” If you are old enough then you probably even remember the jingle for the commercials, which even spelled out the name with the lyrics “My bologna has a first name. It’s O-S-C-A-R. My bologna has a second name it’s M-E-Y-E-R.” Many people can vividly remember exactly that. However, it was never “Oscar Meyer,” but rather “Oscar Mayer,” which sounds very weird to a large number of people.
Are you familiar with the air freshener “Febreeze?” It’s actually spelled “Febreze.” Huh? Do you know the shoe brand “Sketchers?” If you do, then you will be surprised to know that it doesn’t exist, except as “Skechers,” as it has always been known, without the “t” in the name. It goes on and on. The popular U.S. chicken fast food joint is not spelled “Chic-fil-A,” but rather “Chick-fil-A,” and always has been, which seems to really rub people the wrong way when pointed out, but it is true. Also frequently put forward is the logo for the car company Ford, which a vast number of people seem to remember differently than it actually looks, specifically they don’t recall it ever having that squiggly pig’s tail shape on the “F,” even though the logo has always looked like that. When faced with the actual logo it is often reported by these people that it looks somewhat jarringly off. There is also the fact that the poor university student’s standby was actually “Cup Noodles” and not “Cup of Noodles” as many of you may adamantly remember.
Doesn’t this look weird somehow?
Continuing with the names of things, the popular correcting fluid that many people remember without fail is actually spelled “Wite-Out,” not “White-Out,” which is very strange, jarring, and not really intuitive since it is white, but there it is. There is also the famous chocolate candy that everyone remembers as “Kit-Kat,” to the point that many articles and posts that mention it spell it that way, but look at the actual logo and there is no dash, and there never was. As minor as it may seem, it is a disturbing revelation for people who absolutely insist that it has a dash. There is also no “Jiffy” peanut butter, but rather just “Jif” peanut butter, no matter how much you remember otherwise. Then there is the fact that the beloved game toy “Rubix Cube” is actually “Rubik’s Cube,” named after the game’s designer Rubik. Even people’s names that all of us “know” are different than what you may think. For instance, the famous Indian civil rights leader is not “Mahatma Ghandi,” as a great many people are sure they know, but rather it is “Gandhi.” Go check these so far if you don’t believe me. I’ll wait.
Are you back? Good, although you will probably have to go check again, so keep an extra tab open on your screen. Next we move on to another popular and strange type of example of the Mandela Effect, and this is that many of the movie lines, characters, and even whole movies that we know and love simply don’t exist. A famous one is that Darth Vader never does say “Luke, I am your father,” in the Star Wars film Empire Strikes Back. Instead it is actually “No, I am your father.” In the movie Forrest Gump Tom Hanks’ character never says “Life is like a box of chocolates” as you have probably been quoting all of your life, but rather “Life WAS like a box of chocolates.” This seems wrong to a large number of people.
Oh, I’m not even done with you yet. In the movie The Silence of the Lambs many of you probably profoundly remember the line from Hannibal Lecter when he says “Hello, Clarice,” yet in reality he never says that at all at any point in the film. He actually merely says “Good Morning.” Doesn’t that seem odd for such an oft-quoted line? We’re just getting started here. Do you remember the iconic scene in Steven Spielberg’s movie ET the Extra-Terrestrial when ET says, “ET phone home?” How could you not? It’s an iconic scene and line that everyone of the era knows, only he never really said that at all, but rather “ET home phone.” It doesn’t even make any sense, but I am totally serious, open your tab.
E.T. the Extra Terrestrial
In the Disney animated movie Snow White there is no line that says “Mirror, mirror on the wall,” but it is instead “MAGIC mirror on the wall.” Yes, really. The remainder of that very famous and iconic, and very wrong, line isn’t even “Who is the fairest of them all,” as many remember, but rather “Who is the fairest one of all?” This one really drives people crazy, as there is such adamant opinion that this must be wrong, but it is indeed correct, at least in this universe. Is this getting weird yet? The very famous Kevin Costner baseball movie Field of Dreams”also has the highly quotable line “If you build it they will come,” but this was never said and it misquoted. It was actually “If you build it HE will come.” I know, right? Go check it.
There are even whole movies that people distinctly remember that don’t actually exist, such as a comedy movie about a genie called Shazaam!, starring the comedian Sinbad. There are a large number of people that remember this film and even whole scenes from it, it is burned in their mind, but the movie in fact does not exist. There are numerous other little details from pop culture that you might take for granted but remember wrong. Did you know that the famous monkey Curious George never had a tail, as you may remember? The Monopoly Man from the popular board game Monopoly also does not have a monocle, nor has he ever been depicted with one. The Pokemoncharacter Pikachu never had a black stripe on the tip of his tail, but has rather always been all yellow, and even the iconic character C3PO isn’t as you might remember, as he is not all gold, but has rather always had one leg that was silver. How could we miss that?
Even songs are not immune to this effect. Picture the famous Queen song We Are the Champions. How does the last part echo out in your mind? Is there a dramatic “We are the champions…… of the world!” playing out? It might annoy you to know that that this is not actually in the song. There is no “of the world” in there, no matter how distinctively you remember it that way, and many people do. Why is that? This example of the Mandela Effect drives people bonkers, because that “of the WORLD!” is such an iconic piece of the song, which many people sing, and yet it never existed. Again, at least not in this reality.
Queen
There are other assorted commonly cited examples of the Mandela Effect as well. A famous one concerns the “Tank Man,” a protester at the Tiananmen Square massacre in 1989, who features in an memorable photo defiantly standing in front of an incoming tank to block its way. While this actually did happen, the problem is that many people insist that, from the news and history classes that they remember, this man was actually run over by the tank, something which in fact did not happen. Yet these people can quite vividly recall it being in the news with footage of the whole thing and written of in textbooks that the man was actually run over and killed. The man survived, he was not run over. Minds blown.
There are even people who remember whole countries being in different places. One famous example is the nation of New Zealand. It turns out that there is a large number of people who distinctly remember it and have always known it as lying at various locations around Australia, with a popular one being that it lies to the northwest rather than to the southeast. It is so jarring and so deeply disturbing to those who notice this glitch that they have near nervous breakdowns, as happened with one Reddit commenter who said of this realization:
I’m literally sitting here in tears feeling like I’m about to have a panic attack. My entire understanding of everything has been shaken to the core. When this all came to my attention a couple days ago I go over to my sister’s room and look for this globe we’ve had for years. First place I look is for New Zealand northeast area of Australia… lo and behold, New Zealand is now southeast of Australia in the middle of nowhere. At that point it felt like I had been kicked in the stomach. I won the geography award in grade school and have a plaque that my parents still have on display, and I’m willing to scan it to prove it. Geography is something I’ve always had a keen awareness of.
These are just a few examples, but they are probably enough to instill a sense of creeping unease in many readers at this point. If none of these seem particularly odd to you, then you are probably part of the original universe and have not shifted, but what about the rest of us? The people who experience these seemingly false memories are typically often very sure of what they remember, and insist that it is real, expressing bafflement that the reality does not match up with what they so unmistakably recall. It is a nagging, incessant feeling of something off that they can’t shake. What’s more, a very large number of people experience these same memories with the same wrong details, and this has led to the spreading idea that it is evidence of mass shifts through dimensions, with the ones experiencing these anomalous memories being the travelers and those who remember correctly being the ones remaining in their home reality.
Making things even weirder is the notion that while we have these collective false memories, in another reality there are those who have the opposite incorrect memories. So for instance while we may be wondering why it is not the Berenstein Bears with an “e” as we remember, the denizens of another alternate universe are stumped as to why it is not the Berenstain Bears with an “a” instead of Berenstein Bears. Even weirder still is the idea that that this could also be indicative of someone tampering with reality itself somehow, hopping around to retroactively change things ever so slightly with their activities ad hoc while we still somehow retain the memories of reality before it was changed, driving us nuts in the process.
Of course, with such a bizarre and out-there idea as whole realities changing and being mixed up there are most certainly skeptics who say that this is all merely the result of misinformation mixed with the faulty nature of human memory and the bugs of the human brain in the first place. In other words, these are just basically memory glitches, false memories that seem to catch on with certain sections of the populace and spread. It could also be a combination of this and the power of suggestion, which was perhaps most famously demonstrated in 1978 by the psychologist Elizabeth Loftus, who found that memories can be warped and twisted, often quite dramatically, by additional misleading information or suggestion, a phenomenon she called “The Misinformation Effect.” Essentially, it shows that if one is presented with false information on a detail that someone never really noticed before, then that person may be inclined to believe it and remember it that way if it sounds convincing enough, to the point that it can totally usurp the original memory altogether.
This can all be made even worse by the phenomenon of “cognitive dissonance,” in which an individual’s refusal to accept something contradictory to the way they’d like to remember a thing or a strong, deep-set belief. These can be very beloved memories that the person is hesitant to let go of, even though they may be faulty or wrong. So for instance if someone fondly remembers the “Loony Toons,” even though that spelling is wrong, they basically create the memory of it being so, hold onto it, and thus are unwilling to believe that it could have ever possibly been a different spelling. However, why would so many people do this in the exactly the same way? Is there really some subtle reality shift going on?
So what is going on with the Mandela Effect? Is this all tricks of the mind and mental glitches that can be rationally explained away with psychological phenomena, or is it indicative of something even stranger than the human mind? Could it be a hint of other alternate realities bumping up against and entangling our own or somehow enabling travels between them? Have we experienced these reality shifts in mass numbers, being shuttled around to parallel dimensions without even realizing it? Whatever the case may be, the many supposed instances of the Mandela Effect in action are entertaining and odd nevertheless.
Released in 1980, Hangar 18 was arguably Hollywood’s first UFO conspiracy movie. Its plot features many aspects of the real-life UFO enigma, including specific details from allegedly authentic top-secret UFO-related government documentation.
Hangar 18 continues to provoke discussion within the UFO community, in part for the fact that it was released in 1980. It was in this year that details of the Roswell incident began to filter into the popular consciousness with the publication of Charles Berlitz and William Moore’s The Roswell Incident—the first book on the Roswell subject. Equally significant in 1980, and undoubtedly connected to the Roswell developments, was the quiet insertion into the UFO community of the term “MJ-Twelve.” This term, along with its variant, “Majestic Twelve,” has now assumed permanent residency in popular culture, having featured in films, TV shows, comic books and video games.
WARNING: SPOILERS AHEAD…
Hangar contents
Hangar 18 begins in Earth orbit as NASA is preparing to launch a satellite under the watchful eye of the US military. Just as the satellite is launched from the space shuttle, however, it collides with a UFO, killing a NASA astronaut in the launch bay. This is witnessed by the other crew in the shuttle, our heroes Bancroft and Price, (played by Gary Collins and James Hampton). Upon their return to Earth the men seek answers but soon realize their government has instigated a cover-up, and that they too are being kept in the dark.
We learn that, following the collision in orbit, the UFO made a controlled landing in the Arizona desert, where it was captured by the US military. The craft is soon transported to the top secret Hangar 18, where it is studied by NASA scientists (lead by Darren McGavin). Onboard the craft, the scientists make a series of startling discoveries:
• The alien pilots, although dead, are physically undamaged and are almost exactly human in appearance. The scientists conclude that the aliens visited Earth in ancient times, that they were seen as gods, and that they interbred with Earth women and “jump-started” human life as we know it today. • A human woman is also onboard the craft in stasis. When removed by doctors, the woman awakens in a state of terror. We assume she is an abductee. • In the ship’s data files, the scientists find glyphs similar to those used by ancient Earth civilizations. The scientists also discover extensive aerial surveillance footage of Earth’s power plants, military bases and major cities. The aliens, it seems, have been taking an active interest in our technological capabilities.
Meanwhile, Bancroft and Price are dogged in their pursuit of the truth and are targeted by the government for assassination. Price is killed, but Bancroft survives and eventually finds his way to Hangar 18 and aboard the alien spacecraft. Around this point, the NASA scientists finally decipher the alien glyphs, which indicate that the beings were planning to return to Earth en masse in the near future.
Before any of this information has a chance to sink-in, government agents fly a remote-controlled jet filled with explosives into Hangar 18, the goal being to kill all involved in the cover-up, thereby permanently burying the secret. However, unbeknownst to the government hit squad, several of the NASA scientists, as well as Bancroft, are inside the alien craft when the hanger explodes. The craft, it turns out, is invincible, and the survivors inside decide to let the truth be known. The film ends with UFO Disclosure.
Ancient Astronauts and Christianity
Hangar 18’s depiction of human-looking extraterrestrials is particularly interesting, as is the idea that these beings jumpstarted the human race—these very same details were to appear three years later in a “secret” Air Force report shown to UFO writer and journalist Linda Moulton Howe as part of her preparation for a documentary on UFOs.
On 9 April 1983, during a meeting at Kirtland Air Force Base in New Mexico, Air Force Office of Special Investigations Officer Richard Doty presented Howe with a document, the front cover of which read:
“BRIEFING PAPER FOR THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ON THE SUBJECT OF UNIDENTIFIED AERIAL VEHICLES (UAVs)”
Doty told Howe that she was to read the document at the request of his superiors, but stressed that she was forbidden from taking the document with her and from taking notes of any kind.
The weighty document detailed many aspects of the UFO phenomenon and included a list of UFO crash/retrievals. The list included two separate incidents near the Roswell region in 1947, and another in 1949, which resulted in the capture of a live extraterrestrial that was taken to Los Alamos National Laboratories. Apparently, the being was held captive before it died of unknown causes in 1952. Other crashes listed in the document included Aztec New Mexico, Kingman Arizona, and Loredo Texas.
Most shocking to Howe was a paragraph that said the extraterrestrials had manipulated DNA in an evolving primate species to create Homo sapiens. Elsewhere in the document it was noted that the ETs had created a being on Earth whose purpose was to teach humans about love and non-violence. Howe was astonished: “We are talking about Jesus Christ,” she said to Doty, who said nothing in response, but who, she asserts, looked deeply uncomfortable.
The author and researcher Mike Clelland has pointed out that the parallels between the content of Hangar 18 and the report shown to Linda Moulton Howe are so striking that “The document that Howe saw could very well have been written by Darren McGavin’s character from what he learned in the movie.” Clelland observes:
We have a reporter [LMH] being shown a secret document by the Air Force in 1983, the conclusion is that they [officialdom] wanted this information floated out to the public. Three years earlier we have the movie Hangar 18 “floating” out the same information in the guise of an action film.
Rising Sunn
In 1971, Sunn Classic Pictures started to produce and distribute feature films and documentaries about UFOs (with an emphasis on Ancient Astronauts) and other paranormal/psychic phenomena. Titles included the aforementioned Ancient Astronaut-themed The Outer Space Connection (1975), The Amazing World of Psychic Phenomena (1976), The Bermuda Triangle (1979), based on Charles Berlitz’s non-fiction book linking UFOs to the disappearance of ships and aircraft; Beyond Death’s Door (1979), about life after death; and, in 1980, Hangar 18. Sunn Classic Pictures also had a strong focus on religious documentaries, with titles including: In Search of Noah’s Ark (1976), In Search of Historic Jesus (1979), and a TV series that ran from 1978 to 1979 called Greatest Heroes of the Bible.
The Mormon connection
Sunn Classic Pictures was established in Utah as a Mormon-run company with Raylan Jensen as its first President. Many of the studio’s writers, producers, and directors also were Mormons, including Robert Starling (writer of In Search of Historic Jesus, and who in later life would make an educational documentary about the Mormon Church), and Charles E. Sellier Jr., one of Sunn’s most successful writer/producers and also a co-founder of the studio with Raylan Jensen. As a producer, Sellier would make only family-friendly G-rated films “out of Mormon conviction.” His credits for Sunn notably included The Bermuda Triangle and Hangar 18. In 1997, Sellier wrote UFO, a non-fiction book examining the UFO enigma in the context of a government cover-up.
It makes sense that a Mormon-run film studio should exhibit an interest in UFOs. Mormon cosmology holds that the Earth is not unique, but just one of many inhabited planets, each created by Jesus for the purpose of bringing about immortality and eternal life. Mormon leaders have taught that the inhabitants of these planets are almost identical in appearance to humans – just as the alien beings in Hangar 18 are extremely human-like (a point dwelt upon in the film’s plot).
Also worthy of mention in this discussion is “Kolob,” a heavenly body described in Mormon scripture as a star, but which is generally regarded by Mormons as a planet. It is said to be the closest place in the universe to the throne of God. In the context of science-fiction, the popular Ancient Astronaut-flavoured TV series Battlestar Galactica (1978–1979 and 2004–2009) incorporates many Mormon cosmological beliefs into its overarching narrative. This is because the creator of the show, Glen Larson, was himself a Mormon. In the TV series, the planet Kobol (as opposed to Kolob) is the birth place of the human race where the “Lords of Kobol” are held sacred.
Temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, San Diego, California.
An LDS educational agenda?
In the Mormon text, Doctrines of Salvation (1:62), tenth President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS), Joseph Fielding Smith, states:
“We are not the only people that the Lord has created. We have brothers and sisters on other earths. They look like us because they, too, are the children of God and were created in his image, for they are also his offspring.”
Smith began his LDS Presidency in 1970, the year prior to the establishment of Sunn Classic Pictures.
Also relevant is a quote by LDS Apostle Neal A. Maxwell. In his book, A Wonderful Flood of Light (p.25), Maxwell wrote: “We do not know how many inhabited worlds there are, or where they are. But certainly we are not alone.” Between 1970 and 1976, the formative years of Sunn Classic Pictures, Maxwell served as the LDS Commissioner of Church Education, which is responsible for providing religious and secular education for people of all ages, both LDS and non-LDS.
The question is…
The key question relating to Sunn Classic Pictures (and one that, for now, remains unanswered) is this: was the studio’s alien-themed output simply a reflection of Mormon ideals and beliefs held by the studio’s core writers/producers/directors (as well as an attempt on their part to cash in on the ever-popular subject of UFOs), or, was it a more lofty strategy on the part of Mormon Church itself to subtly educate the public about an aspect of the Mormon faith which, in the century of the UFO, was becoming both increasingly taboo and increasingly relevant (i.e. life on other planets and its possible links to humanity)?
Whatever the truth behind its production, Hangar 18 remains a fascinating and entertaining movie—a must-see for any self-respecting UFO conspiracy buff. Check it out.
Man records rare dark straight line blocking a rainbow
Man records rare dark straight line blocking a rainbow
So many strange things are happening in the sky; on May 17, 2018 a man sees a strange bank of clouds in the sky and begins recording while driving.
It looks like a dark straight line blocking a rainbow but could it be a cloud shadow or there is something between the cloud and the rainbow that blocks the rainbow.
UFO Search: US Congress Proposes Millions Of Funds To Find ETs with AI
UFO Search: US Congress Proposes Millions Of Funds To Find ETs with AI
The US House of Representatives has proposed to aid NASA’s search for signs of life in the cold depths of space, amounting around £7.3million ($10million).
The search of “technosignitures” from potentially developed and intelligent species will likely get two years of funding.
It would include the search for radio waves, which an intelligent alien civilisation could be intentionally blasting into space as what humans have been doing in modern times.
In 25 years of the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), it is the first time the Congress is planning to give it proper funds.
However, the bill is far from a done deal, warned the renowned astronomer and former director of SETI Institute Dr Jill Tarter.
She said that it is not an appropriation bill but an authorisation bill. She explained that if ever it passes, it is up to the appropriators whether they provide any SETI funding in their bill or not. However, she added that if they do provide, that would be something big.
Detection of artificially created radio waves has generally been the focus of the search for advanced life outside our solar system.
However, a brand new approach in the search for extraterrestrials could be born with a revision of mission statement of SETI.
SETI could use Artificial Intelligence (AI) to scan the noise to avoid misleading and false positive signals.
Dr Tarter pointed out that UFO hunters usually look for signs of technology and intelligence in space that are the same with humanity.
But she argued the technosignatures search is a limited approach because ET language, technology and intelligence appear in all forms and shapes.
NASA started the SETI programme to build the instruments needed to scan the space for signs of ET life.
However, Nevada Senator Richard Bryan shut down the SETI initiative a year later.
Now, the Congress bill promises a new chapter for SETI, according to Dr Tarter.
She stated that the bill would be a sea-change in Congressional attitude it if passes since Senator Bryan terminated the SETI program of NASA in 1993, which was the High-Resolution Microwave Survey.
SETI would be able to build new instrumentation and collect data globally with the sizeable budget.
Dr Tarter added that proper funding would attract the best in the field from different parts of the world and commit to the long-term search that might be necessary for success.
The Longest Lunar Eclipse Of The Century Is About To Happen
The Longest Lunar Eclipse Of The Century Is About To Happen
Prepare yourselves sky gazers.
The longest lunar eclipse of the 21st century will take place on July 27, 2018, when the shadow of Earth will completely cover the moon for 1 hour and 43 minutes.
In addition to being eclipsed, the Moon will also turn red reflecting the sun’s rays, creating a truly spectacular view.
In the last century, only four total lunar eclipses had a period totality—the time where the moon is completely eclipsed—that rivaled this summer’s event.
This included a lunar eclipse on June 15, 2011, that lasted 100 minutes, one on July 16, 2000, which lasted 107 minutes, an eclipse in July 1982 that lasted 107 minutes and one in July 1935 that lasted 101 minutes, Space.com writes.
Because these events took place in the 20th century, the eclipse of July will be the longest lunar eclipse of the present century.
However, not everyone will be able to witness the phenomenon, and those who won’t be able to witness this magical phenomenon at its best are the residents of North and South America, IFLSciencereported.
The eclipse will be more visible to people living in Africa, the Middle East, India, Australia and some areas of Europe.
A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes through the shadow of the Earth, known as the umbra.
The Moon will go almost right through Earth’s umbra.
Wikimedia Commons
This happens when the Sun, the Earth and th Moon are aligned.
It is like a total solar eclipse, but this time it is our planet that eclipses the Sun, and since the Earth is much bigger than the Moon, it becomes completely engulfed in its shadow.
During the total lunar eclipse, the Moon not only darkens.
In July, we will witness it turning red because of the refracted sunlight on the surface of the Earth. It is similar to when red sunsets appear in our sky.
The lunar eclipse of July 27, 2018, will be particularly long because the Moon will pass through the center of the umbra, which means that it will remain in the shadow for a longer period of time.
When the Moon passes only on the side of the umbra, the eclipse lasts shorter.
However, there are a number of other factors that have to be taken into consideration.
For example, the position of the Earth in its orbit also plays an important role.
According to Earthsky, this July 27 the Earth will be at its furthest point from the Sun, known as the apogee, which means that it casts a larger shadow. And on the same date, the Moon will be at the most distant point in its monthly orbit around Earth, known as the lunar apogee.
The combination of these rare space events will allow us to observe this unusual phenomenon in a stunning way.
Astronaut Screams At The Sight Of A UFO When Approaching The ISS
Astronaut Screams At The Sight Of A UFO When Approaching The ISS
It is very intriguing to note the automatic, conditioned reaction of the fellow astronaut who immediately calmed her with an apparent sense of urgency before she could even fully let out a scream.
Italy's first female astronaut, Samantha Cristoforetti can be heard shouting over the comms from her Soyuz spacecraft during docking maneuvers with the International Space Station. What was the cause of her alarm?
Would or even could NASA tell us if they think E.T.'s may be monitoring our world? Wouldn't they have to withhold such information, if it were true as a matter of national and international security in fact?
That’s still not exactly easy, but it is less complicated than asking a probe to fly all the way to Europa, safely land, burrow through a miles-thick crust of rock-hard ice, and then get to work being an extraterrestrial ocean explorer
It’s also possible—and perhaps more likely—that any plumes come from a lake or some other reservoir trapped in the ice. But that still means an orbiting spacecraft, like the Europa Clipper mission that’s tentatively scheduled to launch in the early 2020s, could sample a plume and get a glimpse of what lies beneath the moon’s ruddy, crisscrossed rind.
“It’s unlikely that one of these plumes is going to throw a fish into space that’s going to whack into Europa Clipper,” saysCynthia Phillips of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. “It’s more likely to come from pockets of liquid that are closer to the surface – so, not free ocean samples, but free subsurface samples.”
IN BLOOM
For years, planetary scientists have argued over whether Europa might be spitting water into space, as Saturn’s moon Enceladus does.
An image of the icy plumes spouting from Saturn's moon Enceladus, as seen by NASA's Cassini spacecraft
PHOTOGRAPH BY NASA/JPL/SPACE SCIENCE INSTITUTE
In late 2013, tantalizing images from the Hubble Space Telescope revealed possible125-mile-high plumes of water vapor erupting from a region in the moon’s southern hemisphere. At the time, though, scientists were skeptical, as the plumes were at the very limit of Hubble’s ability to see. Follow-up observations revealed nothing.
But in 2016, andagain in 2017, scientists reported that more Hubble imagespointed to the presence of a plume, though something less dramatically exuberant than the geysers of Enceladus, which fly so high that they create a ring around Saturn. Even so, Europa’s eruptions could be equally as dense as its cousin’s, and easily visible by an orbiting spacecraft.
That’s when the University of Michigan’sXianzhe Jia and colleagues decided to revisit those archival data and see what kinds of nuggets they could find.
“I was asking myself, Why didn’t we start looking at this earlier? Why wait so long? The data is there, publicly available for almost 20 years,” Jia says.
SOMETHING IN THE WAY
Europa’s gravity is strong enough that any erupted water vapor would hug the moon quite closely, and Galileo only swung low enough to detect such an eruption twice, most notably in December 1997. During that pass, the spacecraft took about five minutes to traverse Europa’s face.
Jia and his colleagues pulled observations from the spacecraft’s magnetometer, which measures magnetic fields, and from a second instrument that measures the density of charged particles. In the sequence of numbers produced by those two instruments, they immediately spotted something unusual: Anomalous blips, lasting about three minutes, centered around Galileo’s closest approach to the moon.
If a plume were erupting, Jia says, the erupted water vapor and dust particles would be affected by magnetic fields, which is what the spacecraft detected. And the density of charged particles surrounding the spacecraft would change as the spacecraft entered, flew through, and then exited the plume.
“We saw very peculiar changes in the magnetic signal, something I don’t think has been explained in the past,” Jia says. “We also pulled out the plasma wave data from Galileo, and surprisingly, around the same time, the plasma wave showed anomalous emissions. So when you put those two together, that indicated that something very special had happened during that interval.”
In other words, the spacecraft had flown through a localized plume maybe 620 miles wide somewhere near the moon’s equator. But Jia and his team wanted to make sure. So they simulated the observations such a spacecraft would make if it flew through a plume of the size and density spotted by Hubble. The Galileo observations matched the simulation almost perfectly.
Now, with two spacecraft and several independent instruments reporting similar findings, it’s harder to deny that Europa is venting water vapor into space.
“If you look at any one piece of evidence by itself, it’s not very convincing,” McGrath says. “But when you start bringing in completely independent sets of observations and they all seem to be telling us the same thing, it’s sort of like, yeah. That’s what is starting to convince people.“
COME AS YOU ARE
As exciting as the Galileo data are, they don’t necessarily prove the existence of continual plumes. Instead, Phillips says, the observation is another clue that can be added to a body of evidence suggesting that Europa does—at least occasionally—vent water into space.
SOLAR SYSTEM 101How many planets are in the solar system? How did it form in the Milky Way galaxy? Learn facts about the solar system's genesis, plus its planets, moons, and asteroids.
“I think it tells you there’s probably more plumes than we can see right now, because the odds that we’d happen to fly through the only one that exists are pretty low,” McGrath says.
What does this mean for the Clipper spacecraft? Turns out, the team designing the probe has already planned to include a suite of instruments capable of tasting a plume, should the spacecraft fly through. What it finds will be anyone’s guess.
“Even with our wildest imagination, we always see stuff that we totally did not expect,” McGrath says. “We’ll surely see something we totally don’t expect at Europa.”
NASA Grants Fund 5-Year Missions to Help Seek Out Alien Life
NASA Grants Fund 5-Year Missions to Help Seek Out Alien Life
By Chelsea Gohd, Space.com Staff Writer
NASA's Astrobiology Institute has selected three teams for five-year grants to be used in studying life in the universe.
Credit: NASA
The NASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI) has awarded five-year grants to three research teams who will hunt for life in the universe.
"Is there life on Mars?" David Bowie's famous line lies at the center of modern astrobiology research. In an initiative to investigate the possibility of life in the cosmos, not just on Mars, interdisciplinary teams chosen by NASA will each receive approximately $8 million and five years to complete their work.
NASA has several missions that will provide data in the search for life, with "NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite on its way to discover new worlds around our nearest stellar neighbors, Cassini's discovery of the ingredients necessary for life in [the Saturn moon]Enceladus' plumes, and with Europa Clipper [set to explore the moon of Jupiter] and Mars 2020 on the horizon," NASA Chief Scientist Jim Green said in a statement. [How Do You Spot an Alien Planet from Earth? (Infographic)]
Green said he is confident that these teams will "provide the critical interdisciplinary expertise needed to help interpret data from these missions and future astrobiology-focused missions."
The teams that will complete this exciting new research are:
Evolution of Nanomachines in Geospheres and Microbial Ancestors (ENIGMA)
Hailing from Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey, the ENIGMA team, led by Paul Falkowski, a professor in the Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, will investigate how proteins once evolved to spark the first life on Earth. This team will study prebiotic molecules and enzymes common with number of microbial species to accomplish this immense task.
The Astrobiology Center for Isotopologue Research (ACIR)
Led by Kate Freeman, a professor in the Department of Geosciences at the College of Earth and Mineral Sciences at Pennsylvania State University (PSU), ACIR — a team from PSU, University Park— will study the origins of organic compounds using both observational and computational resources in its research.
NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)
The research team at JPL will address potential habitable environments and signs of life on Titan, Saturn's largest moon. Led by Rosaly Lopes, a Manager for Planetary Science and Senior Research Scientist at JPL, the team will use data from the Cassini-Huygens mission.
"We are delighted to welcome these three new NAI teams into the institute family and look forward to the important work that they will accomplish over the time of their awards," said NAI Director Penelope Boston in the statement.
The discovery of extraterrestrial life would forever change our relationship with the universe. These grants will play a critical role in searching for answers to the fundamental questions of life's origins, NASA officials said in the statement.
Aliens May Well Exist in a Parallel Universe, New Studies Find
Aliens May Well Exist in a Parallel Universe, New Studies Find
By Brandon Specktor, Senior Writer
Could alien life exist in a parallel universe? Computer simulations from two new studies suggest the idea might not be out of this world.
Credit: Shutterstock
Should the search for alien life in our universe come up empty-handed, it might be worth checking in on a neighboring universe instead.
According to a new pair of studies in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, there’s a decent chance that life-fostering planets could exist in a parallel universe — even if that universe were being torn apart by dark energy.
The idea that our universe is just one of many, perhaps infinite, other universes is known as the multiverse theory. Scientists have previously thought that such parallel universes, if they exist, would have to meet an extremely strict set of criteria to allow for the formation of stars, galaxies and life-fostering planets like those seen in our own universe. [5 Reasons We May Live in a Multiverse]
In the new study, researchers ran a massive computer simulation to build new universes under various starting conditions. They found that the conditions for life might be a little broader than previously thought — especially when it comes to the mysterious pull of dark energy.
Dark energy
Dark energy is a mysterious, invisible force thought to exist in the empty spaces of our universe. You could think about it as the archnemesis of gravity; while gravity pulls matter closer together, dark energy flings it apart — and dark energy is winning this cosmic tug-of-war handily.
Not only is our universe expanding, thanks to the constant, invisible push of dark energy, but the rate of that expansion is also getting faster and faster every day. It's thought that, as more empty space appears in the universe, even more dark energy appears to fill it. (Dark energy is not the same as dark matter, which is an abundant, invisible form of matter thought to be responsible for some very weird gravitational phenomenaaround space.)
Scientists don't know exactly what dark energy is or how it works; some think it's an intrinsic property of space — what Einstein called the cosmological constant — while others attribute it to a fundamental force called quintessence, with dynamic rules all its own. Others don't even agree that it exists. But whatever it is, everyone can agree that there's a whole lot of it: According to the best current estimates, nearly 70 percent of the mass-energy of our universe may be made of dark energy.
This quantity, for whatever reason, is in the right range to allow galaxies to grow and foster life. It is thought that if we lived in a universe with too much dark energy, space might expand faster than galaxies could possibly form. Too little dark energy, and runaway gravity could cause every galaxy to collapse in on itself before life ever had a chance to appear.
But the question of how much dark energy is "too much" or "too little" is a topic for debate — and it's this issue of quantity that the authors of the new studies hoped to narrow down.
Life finds a way
Across several experiments, an international team of researchers from England, Australia and the Netherlands used a program called Evolution and Assembly of Galaxies and their Environmentsto simulate the birth, life and eventual death of various hypothetical universes. In each simulation, the researchers adjusted the amount of dark energy present in that universe, ranging from none to several hundred times the amount in our own universe.
The good news: Even in universes with 300 times as much dark energy as ours, life found a way.
"Our simulations showed that the accelerated expansion driven by dark energy has hardly any impact on the birth of stars, and hence places for life to arise," study co-author Pascal Elahi, a research fellow at the University of Western Australia, said in a statement. "Even increasing dark energy many hundreds of times might not be enough to make a dead universe."
That's good news for fans of extraterrestrial life and the multiverse theory. But a bigger question remains: If galaxies could still thrive on so much dark energy, why did our universe get handed such a seemingly small amount?
"I think we should be looking for a new law of physics to explain this strange property of our Universe," co-author Richard Bower, a professor at Durham University's Institute for Computational Cosmology, said in the statement.
Of course, finding new laws of physics is easier said than done. Scientists won't give up easily — but perhaps, to hedge their bets, they should also look for a parallel universe where some intelligent life has already done it for them.
The History Of The Ancient Roman Empire Written Down In The Arctic
The History Of The Ancient Roman Empire Written Down In The Arctic
Without a reason of doubt, the ancient Roman empire left its mark in history.
“We found that lead pollution in Greenland very closely tracked known plagues, wars, social unrest and imperial expansions during European antiquity.”
From majestic roads, sanitation, to education systems, the ancient Roman Empire made sure it would remain forever in the history books.
Now, researchers exploring Arctic Ice sheets have found traces of the rise and fall of the Roman empire embedded in ice.
Experts have managed to track the Roman Empire’s economic ups and downs, due to the empire’s increased coin-making production, which experts found preserved for centuries after their collapse, in Greenland’s Ice Sheet.
Scientists say that most of the lead emissions of the period are linked to the massive production of silver.
As experts explain, pollution from the lead mines of the ancient Roman empire that boomed during the expansion of the empire drifted all the way to the ice sheets of Greenland. It is believed that lead emissions were preserved thanks to falling snow, which computed in layers and layers of ice.
Speaking about the discovery Joe McConnell, a hydrologist at the Desert Research Institute said:
“Our record of sub-annually resolved, accurately dated measurements in the ice core starts in 1100 BC during the late Iron Age and extends through antiquity and late antiquity to the early Middle Ages in Europe – a period that included the rise and fall of the Greek and Roman civilizations.”
“We found that lead pollution in Greenland very closely tracked known plagues, wars, social unrest and imperial expansions during European antiquity.” These ancient traces have now been identified by experts, surviving thousands of years after the fall of the Roman empire.
Ice Cores extracted by scientists in Greenland have offered an unprecedented and unique vision of the past, allowing experts to go back in time, and understand how pollution left behind by the empire through thousands of years influenced not only Europe but the Arctic ice Sheet as well.
“We found that lead pollution in Greenland very closely tracked known plagues, wars, social unrest and imperial expansions during European antiquity,” said Professor McConnell.
Researchers from different fields participated in the study. From experts in hydrology, ice-core specialists, to economic historians, experts gathered to find never-before-seen details about the Roman Empire.
The new study offers a historical record that includes more than 21,000 lead and other chemical measurements.
Experts found that lead pollution emissions began rising around 900 BC, as the ancient Phoenicians began expanding their prosperous trading routes into the Mediterranean. Furthermore, lead emissions are believed to have increased due to mining activity by the ancient Carthaginians and Romans, mostly in the Iberian Peninsula, reaching its zenith during the Roman Empire.
Experts have linked lead emissions to significant historical events.
Researchers found that lead emissions reached an all-time low during the last 80 years of the Roman Republic, known historically as the Crisis of the Roman Republic.
“The nearly four-fold higher lead emissions during the first two centuries of the Roman Empire compared to the last decades of the Roman Republic indicate substantial economic growth under Imperial rule,” said coauthor Andrew Wilson, Professor of the Archaeology of the Roman Empire at Oxford.
As noted by the Independent, “the new study carried out by Dr. McConnell and his team used state-of-the-art simulations of lead pollution’s transport in the atmosphere to work out the scale on which mining and smelting operations in Europe were taking place.”
Furthermore, scientists also discovered how lead emissions varied during wars and political unrest, particularly during the Roman Republic. Experts also found how lead emissions took sharp dives when two notable plagues struck the Roman Empire during the 2nd and 3rd centuries.
Space is a dirty place, so the ISS needs some lasers to blast it clean, researchers propose.
The International Space Station. Image credits NASA.
If you’re a fan of Sci-Fi, we’re in luck — an international group of scientists wants to see our most burning desire made real. They propose to install a laser defense system aboard the International Space Station (ISS) to blast at litter in the near-Earth orbit.
My kinda cleaning
The idea of ‘arming’ the ISS with laser batteries isn’t new but we’re just now getting to a place where we can develop systems compact and reliable enough to be practical aboard the station. To jump-start development, an international team of researchers from France, Italy, Japan, and Russia is pooling their efforts, according to Boris Shustov, member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS).
The system they’re considering would consist of orbital lasers aboard the ISS. It should be effective against the most common type of space debris around Earth — pieces that only measure a few centimeters.
The idea was first proposed by Japanese researchers back in 2015. The original project draft envisioned lasers using 10,000 optical fiber channels and would draw all of the ISS’s electrical output to work at full capacity, according to the team. That, understandably, isn’t a particularly attractive defensive system. The new project aims to provide the same power output by using 100 “thin rods” in lieu of the optical fibers. This would reduce the overall energy drain to only 5% of the ISS’s output — a twenty-fold decrease.
This version of the laser system would allow the ISS to fire laser bursts for 10 seconds, up to a range of 10 kilometers (6.2 miles), with a recharge time of 200 seconds, according to Russian media. The whole system would weigh about 500 kilograms (1,100 pounds).
It’s a small price to pay, considering the benefits such a system would provide. The ISS still has to make routine adjustments to its orbit to avoid collisions with pieces of man-made junk. These bits are parts of former rockets or spacecraft that have been broken up into small pieces through mutual collisions over the years, or from the effects of space radiation.
They’re quite small, going very fast, and can have disastrous consequences to the ISS’s structural integrity should they hit. There’s also a lot of them. NASA is currently tracking about 17,000 pieces about the size of your fist and half a million pieces roughly the size of a marble. According to their estimates, there are over 200 million pieces over one millimeter in size still floating in Earth’s orbit at speeds in excess of 17,500 mph (over 28.100 km/h).
An impact with any single one of those fragments could jeopardize the ISS and its crew.
Are octopuses aliens? New study argues ‘frozen eggs’ came from space. Source: Getty
It suggests “life was seeded here on Earth by life-bearing comets” as soon as it became possible for life forms to survive – and that octopuses arrived in a similar way about 270 million years ago.
The idea of alien life spreading like “seeds” through space isn’t new – the theory is known as Panspermia.
But the authors point to new DNA evidence about octopuses.
The first full genome sequence of octopus DNA in 2015 showed that octopuses are totally different from all other animals – and their genome shows a striking level of complexity with 33,000 protein-coding genes identified, more than in a human.
View photos
An artist’s illustration of a massive asteroid impact on earth. Some single-celled organisms may be able to survive extreme impacts such as these, scientists say. Source: Yahoo UK
The paper says, “The genome of the Octopus shows a staggering level of complexity with 33,000 protein-coding genes more than is present in Homo sapiens.
“It is plausible then to suggest they seem to be borrowed from a far distant ‘future’ in terms of terrestrial evolution, or more realistically from the cosmos at large.
“One plausible explanation, in our view, is that the new genes are likely new } extraterrestrial imports to Earth – most plausibly as an already coherent group of functioning genes within [say] cryopreserved and matrix protected fertilized Octopus eggs.”
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33 wetenschappers suggereren dat octopussen uit de ruimte komen. Zijn we allemaal aliens?
33 wetenschappers suggereren dat octopussen uit de ruimte komen. Zijn we allemaal aliens?
Octopussen zijn mogelijk via kometen naar de aarde gekomen, zo stellen 33 wetenschappers in een nieuw onderzoek dat is gepubliceerd in het tijdschrift Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology.
Het onderzoek suggereert dat kometen verantwoordelijk zijn voor het ontstaan van leven op aarde en dat octopussen zo’n 270 miljoen jaar geleden naar onze planeet zijn gekomen.
Deze theorie staat bekend als panspermie, dat het leven verspreid in het heelal voorkomt en niet op de aarde zelf is ontstaan.
Totaal anders
Volgens de wetenschappers bewijst het DNA van octopussen dat ze niet op aarde zijn geëvolueerd.
In 2015 bleek dat het DNA van octopussen totaal anders is dan dat van andere dieren. Er werden maar liefst 33.000 verschillende eiwitten geïdentificeerd in het DNA van de octopus, veel meer dan mensen hebben.
De octopus is zelfs niet te vergelijken met andere weekdieren in de zee door zijn acht poten, het grote brein en het hoge IQ waardoor hij zelf problemen kan oplossen.
Geïmporteerd
“Het is aannemelijk dat die eiwitten zijn ontleend aan een verre ‘toekomst’ in termen van aardse evolutie, of realistischer: aan de kosmos,” klinkt het.
“Een aannemelijke verklaring is dat de nieuwe genen zijn geïmporteerd naar de aarde in de vorm van bevroren octopus-eitjes,” aldus de wetenschappers.
Pentagon deed onderzoek naar warp drive, manipulatie van extra dimensies en antizwaartekracht. Deze documenten bewijzen het
Pentagon deed onderzoek naar warp drive, manipulatie van extra dimensies en antizwaartekracht. Deze documenten bewijzen het
Het Pentagon blijkt erg geïnteresseerd te zijn in zaken die grenzen aan sciencefiction en zelfs het paranormale. Denk daarbij aan de warp drive, het manipuleren van extra dimensies, donkere energie en exotische vormen van ruimtereizen.
De documenten zijn boven water gehaald door het I-Team van journalist George Knapp van Channel 8 News, dat al tientallen jaren onderzoek doet naar de link tussen de overheid en UFO’s.
De Amerikaanse militaire inlichtingendienst DIA liet onder meer onderzoek doen naar een manier van aandrijving die sneller reizen dan het licht mogelijk moest maken.
Extra dimensies
Daarnaast werd onderzoek gedaan naar antizwaartekracht en ‘gebieden waar de ruimtetijd was veranderd’. Het gaat daarbij om het manipuleren van de ruimtetijd van het vacuüm van de ruimte.
Tijdens een tweede studie werd gekeken naar donkere energie en extra dimensies.
“Het idee dat met behulp van een voldoende geavanceerde technologie de controle kan worden verkregen over de hogere dimensies is aanlokkelijk, en moet zeker nader worden onderzocht,” klonk het.
Geen verklaring
“Deze studies zitten bomvol informatie,” citeerde Channel 8 senator Harry Reid, die de financiering van de onderzoeken regelde.
“We hebben in de afgelopen decennia geleerd dat er veel dingen gebeuren waar geen verklaring voor is,” zei hij. “Nu wel.”
Veel verder
De documenten laten zien dat de Amerikaanse overheid veel verder ging dan het interpreteren en documenteren van UFO-waarnemingen.
Je kunt je nu afvragen wat ze nog meer hebben onderzocht (en wat nog niet naar buiten is gebracht).
NIEUWE WETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK ZEGT: OCTOPUS BUITENAARDS ( VIDEO )
NIEUWE WETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK ZEGT: OCTOPUS BUITENAARDS ( VIDEO )
Misschien herinneren mensen zich nog wel Paul, de octopus die in 2010 grote bekendheid kreeg vanwege zijn gave om voetbalwedstrijden te kunnen voorspellen.
En dat is misschien helemaal niet zo vreemd, want een nieuw wetenschappelijk onderzoekt stelt dat de octopus een buitenaardse oorsprong heeft.
Wanneer je naar een octopus kijkt dan zie je een wezen dat er vreemd uitziet en in niets lijkt op welk ander dier op deze planeet.
Een nieuw wetenschappelijk onderzoek stelt dat de octopus miljoenen jaren geleden als een bevroren ei naar de aarde is gekomen door middel van kometen. (Redactie: Dat lijkt de standaard verklaring voor fenomenen die niet te verklaren zijn voor wetenschappers.)
Het onderzoek is uitgevoerd door 33 wetenschappers die de resultaten hebben gepubliceerd in het zogenaamde peer-reviewed journal Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology.
Zij komen tot de conclusie dat leven hier op aarde is ontstaan door wat zij noemen “levendragende” kometen. Dit gebeurde op een moment dat de atmosfeer op aarde geschikt was om leven te kunnen herbergen en dat was zo’n 270 miljoen jaar geleden, volgens hen.
Een van de levensvormen die zo van buiten de aarde op onze planeet terecht is gekomen, zou de octopus zijn, een dier met 3 harten, 9 stel hersenen en blauw bloed.
Ook het DNA van een octopus is heel bijzonder omdat onderzoek dat in 2015 werd uitgevoerd, aantoont dat dit compleet verschillend is van andere dieren. De genen van een octopus zijn zeer gecompliceerd en het DNA van de octopus bevat 33.000 proteïne gecodeerde genen, meer dan in het DNA van een mens.
De wetenschappers gaan dan verder met te stellen dat het heel goed mogelijk is dat de octopus afkomstig is uit de toekomst, van een sterrenstelsel waar men qua ontwikkeling al veel verder is dan op aarde.
Het dier beschikt in ieder geval over een buitenaardse intelligentie zo te zien:
Misschien toch iets om over na te denken de eerstvolgende keer dat je naar een sushi restaurant gaat.
Scot Waring heeft een beter idee: In plaats van deze dieren te eten, moeten we een manier zien te vinden om met hen te communiceren. De navolgende video is werkelijk fascinerend en een aanrader om te bekijken.
WETENSCHAP & PLANEETHet heelal was nog maar 250 miljoen jaar jong toen er al sterren werden gevormd. Dat hebben wetenschappers vastgesteld aan de hand van een ver verwijderd sterrenstelsel. Volgens een mededeling van de Europese Zuidelijke Sterrenwacht ESO werd ook nog nooit zo ver van ons vandaan zuurstof gedetecteerd.
Astronomen loerden met de ALMA-telescoop naar het verre sterrenstelsel MACS1149-JD1. Daarbij ontdekten ze een zeer zwakke gloed, afkomstig van geïoniseerd zuurstof in het stelsel.
Tegen de tijd dat ALMA het infrarode licht had gedetecteerd, was de golflengte ervan door de uitdijing van het heelal met meer dan een factor tien uitgerekt. Daaruit leidden de wetenschappers af dat de gloed 13,3 miljard jaar geleden, oftewel 500 miljoen jaar na de Oerknal, werd uitgezonden. En daarmee is het de verste zuurstof die ooit met een telescoop werd gedetecteerd.
De afstand tot het sterrenstelsel zoals die uit deze waarneming afgeleid werd, komt overeen met de afstand op basis van de zuurstofdetectie. Dat maakt MACS1149-JD1 tot het verste sterrenstelsel waarvan de afstand nauwkeurig bekend is, zegt de ESO.
Tot een hele tijd na de Big Bang was er geen zuurstof in het heelal. Dat element is pas gevormd bij de fusieprocessen zoals die in de eerste sterren plaatsvonden. Het kwam vrij toen de sterren op explosieve wijze stierven. De detectie van zuurstof in MACS1149-JD1 geeft aan dat deze eerdere generaties van sterren slechts 500 miljoen jaar na de Oerknal al gevormd waren en hun zuurstof hadden uitgestoten. (lees hieronder verder)
AFPGalaxy MACS1149-JD1 is 13,28 miljard lichtjaren van ons verwijderd.
Om het precieze tijdstip van de stervorming te achterhalen reconstrueerde het team wetenschappers de vroege geschiedenis van MACS1149-JD1 met behulp van infraroodgegevens die met de Amerikaans-Europese Hubble Ruimtetelescoop en de Spitzer-ruimtetelescoop van de NASA zijn verzameld. Daarbij ontdekten de astronomen dat de waargenomen helderheid van het sterrenstelsel goed wordt verklaard door een model waarbij de stervorming slechts 250 miljoen jaar na het ontstaan van het heelal is begonnen.
Geboorte
“Met deze nieuwe waarnemingen van MACS1149-JD1 is de directe waarneming van de geboorte van het sterlicht een stapje dichterbij gekomen. Omdat wij allemaal uit bewerkte stermaterie bestaan, zijn we daarmee ook dichter bij onze eigen oorsprong gekomen”, zo citeert de ESO Richard Ellis van het University College Londen (UCL).
When former The Simpsons guest star Stephen Hawking passed in March, he left behind a lifetime worth of invaluable contributions to the world of theoretical astrophysics. Aside from his distinguished life’s work, Hawking left behind his last unpublished paper which simplifies the mind-bending concept of the multiverse by reaching the conclusion that there exists a finite number of universes and they all share the same laws of physics. How did Hawking reach this conclusion? For one, he performed decades of careful mathematical calculations, of course. Yet an odd detail from his memorial service set to be held in June could suggest Hawking had help from the future.
When the first details about Hawking’s memorial service were made public, tens of thousands of people from over 50 countries applied for admission. At the service, Hawking’s ashes will be interred between the remains of Sir Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin. While filling out the ballot for the service, one applicant noticed that the birth date field on the application allows any date can be chosen up to December 31, 2038. Are the service’s organizers expecting visitors from the future?
Wormholes have long been suggested as a possible means of traveling through time.
When asked about the odd date choices, a spokesman for the Stephen Hawking Foundation said they are leaving the possibility of time travelers open just in case:
We cannot exclude the possibility of time travel as it has not been disproven to our satisfaction. All things are possible until proven otherwise. But so far we have had applications from all round the world, and we do mean round – there are no flat-Earthers here.
This isn’t the first time a Hawking-related event invited time travelers from a future time. Hawking hosted a “time traveler party” complete with champagne and hors d’ouvres in 2009, hoping someone from the future might show up. Unfortunately, no one did, causing Hawking to remark that this was evidence time travel was not possible. But why would a true time traveler want to put herself under public scrutiny like that? If they’re here, they’re certainly blending in the best they can. Except Elon Musk – that guy’s way too obvious.
Another staple plot device of science fiction may soon be crossing the line into science. Researchers at UCLA have successfully transferred memory from one creature’s brain to another. Is this the solution to finding out where a criminal hid the money?
This revolutionary discovery appears in the current edition of the journal eNeuro. UCLA neurobiologist David Glanzman did not accept the commonly held belief that memories are stored in brain synapses and decided to look for an alternative memory storage locker. He speculated that one existed in RNA (ribonucleic acid), the messenger service for DNA inside cells. To test this theory, Glanzman used electrical shocks to train Aplysia californica to respond defensively when jolted in a certain area.
Aplysia what? OK, the test subjects in this experiment were California sea hares, the giant foot-long hermaphrodite marine snails found along the US Pacific coast. What do giant snails have to remember besides where they parked their shells? Actually, Aplysia californica are favorite lab subjects of neuroscientists because, while their bodies are slow, their brains are quite fast. And with only about 20,000 neurons in them (humans have 100 billion), sea hare brains are easy to study and map.
Aplysia californica sea hare
After training one set of snails to respond when shocked in their siphon (the water intake tube snails use for locomotion, feeding, respiration, and reproduction) and setting up a control group with their siphons wired but not receiving shocks, Glanzman’s team extracted RNA from their brains and injected them into other snails. When tested, the snails receiving RNA from the trained donors had the same reflexive responses while those getting control group RNA did not.
“If memories were stored at synapses, there is no way our experiment would have worked.”
Snail anatomy
That’s important because synapses are not permanent while some memories are. Or at least they are until a person has Alzheimer’s disease, post-traumatic stress disorder or other brain problems. While he doesn’t explain how in the study nor the press release from UCLA, Glanzman believes that this RNA transfer can revive lost memories or those that have been shut down by disease.
Of course, it’s a long way from snails to humans (in most cases) and there are still many neuroscientists who are sticking with the ‘memory resides in synapses’ side. But Glanzman’s research is a start. His next step is to identify which specific types of RNA can be used to perform successful memory transfers.
Until then, remember this – Shocked In The Siphon would be a great name for a band.
UFOs seem to be attracted to volcanoes like flies to potato salad that’s been sitting in the hot sun all afternoon, so it was only a matter of time before one was spotted over Kilauea on Hawaii’s Big Island as it grows and spreads its lava outward. The wait is over as an individual has posted a photo of what he claims is a UFO over the volcano. Is it a spacecraft emerging, a drone observing or a bug bugging out before things get worse?
Pedro Ramirez is a self-described ufologist (per his Facebook page) from Mexico City. He posted his image of the alleged UFO over Kilauea on that page and in a video (of the still photo) on YouTube and it has since been picked up by various news and UFO sites like C. UFO M (Centro Ufologico Mediterraneo). He identifies the location where the photo was taken as the Punalu’u beach Black Sand Beach and the photographer was facing towards Kilauea, which is seen in the background with an “oval UFO” above it. In this case, the “photographer” was not Ramirez but a Google vehicle taking pictures for Google Maps.
Without even looking at the UFO under magnification, that’s where the story begins to fall apart. The Google Maps photo had to have been taken long before Kilauea’s latest eruption last week. This could have been months or even years ago. That means there’s no photographer to question about the date, time, speed, was it witnessed or found later, and other pertinent information. All that can be ascertained from the first glance at the photo is that it doesn’t seem to be a rock expelled from the volcano.
So, what is it? Ramirez says in the video post that the object stays solid under magnification (magnified photos are in the video) so he believes it’s solid. That’s quite a leap. That fact that it appears to be an oval with nothing sticking out of it moves speculation away from a drone or a bird, but doesn’t rule out the infamous speck of dirt on the lens. It’s also unclear from the photo if the UFO was moving or stationary.
Ramirez’s claim of “a wave of reports of unidentified objects have arrived from the Island” may be true, but the Google photo doesn’t appear to be one of them. Unfortunately, other photos or videos haven’t seemed to surface yet so his is getting all of the attention and scrutiny. The theory that UFOs seen at volcanoes are aliens in spacecraft observing, possibly protecting or potentially refueling might apply at Kilauea, but the idea that volcanoes are doorways for ships to enter underground bases may not hold up here since Kilauea is a flattened ‘shield’ volcano and the openings are more like fissures than wide lava mouths.
With just a Google Maps photo to go on, the needle on this one is leaning towards drone, dirt or camera anomaly. Let’s hope this doesn’t make fire goddess Pele angry.
UFO disguised as cloud filmed over Vero Beach Florida
UFO disguised as cloud filmed over Vero Beach Florida
On May 15, 2018 Sunny3 films the clouds over Vero Beach Florida when suddenly a partial cloaked object becomes visible, despite all the clouds moving in the opposite direction, the object flies towards Sunny 3.
Then the object went into a cloud and she couldn’t see it anymore, realizing after the fact that it might have been something and should have stayed focused on it.
I have always wondered about octopus. Are they aliens? An animal that can change colors instantly to hide itself in the background. An animal with 3 hearts, 9 brains and blue blood! I always figured it was alien and unable to communicate with us. Instead, humans catch them and eat them. They are incredibly intelligent, we just need to find a form of communication to speak to them. Scott C. Waring News states:
A controversial science paper has argued just that, suggesting that octopuses may have arrived on our planet as frozen eggs carried here in comets. The paper, by 33 scientists (some with reputations as mavericks) is published in the peer-reviewed journal Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Cosmos magazine reports. It suggests that ‘life was seeded here on Earth by life-bearing comets’ as soon as it became possible for life forms to survive – and that octopuses arrived in a similar way about 270 million years ago. The idea of alien life spreading like ‘seeds’ through space isn’t new – the theory is known as ‘Panspermia’. But the authors point to new DNA evidence about octopuses. The first full genome sequence of octopus DNA in 2015 showed that octopuses are totally different from all other animals – and their genome shows a striking level of complexity with 33,000 protein-coding genes identified, more than in a human. The paper says, ‘The genome of the Octopus shows a staggering level of complexity with 33,000 protein-coding genes more than is present in Homo sapiens.
This strange craft was seen and recorded in the sky above Medford, Oregon.
Witness report:
At the Medford airport. Looked up it was hovering and then flew a straight path hovered and 90 degree change in flight path. Me and 4 other guys were sitting outside at work watching a thunderstorm pass by. One guy said what is that. We looked up and saw a black cylinder hovering above us to the NW about 1000 to 2000 feet. It hovered there for a minute or so. I ran and grab my phone and started to video record it. It flew in a level path to the NNE, I am guessing about 1/2 mile and came to a hover while maintaining the same altitude. Hovered for a second ( when I zoomed in on the video recording I noticed a flash of red on top. Very faint.). Then did a 90 degree turn and flew to the NW. Once on the NW path you could see it accelerate while maintaining the same altitude, and it flew out of my sight. I recorded it for 3 minuets. It was black and did not make any sound that I could hear. There was an airplane running on the ground so I could not hear much. It was a great siting and I am glad I was able to record it. I was very excited to witness this amazing sight. I am a firm believer and believe we are not alone. I am a helicopter pilot and know about flight. I was very excited to share this experience with my friends and colleagues. I even shared it with my wife (who is not a believer) and she couldn’t explain it. Always keep your eyes up!
For almost two decades, researchers have suspected liquid water lies below the icy shell of Europa, one of Jupiter’s moons. Now, a new study in Nature Astronomy not only proves they were right, but also confirms that it does something more awesome than they could have imagined: it shoots up out of the crust in big, beautiful plumes.
Liquid water is, more or less, what NASA looks for when it decides what celestial body to explore next. That’s because water is thought to be one of the necessities for life, because, let’s be real, finding life on other planets is pretty much the whole reason humans are so fascinated by space in the first place. And while NASA already has plans to explore Europa, this is the most heartening sign of life that planetary scientists have been waiting for.
Even crazier? We’ve had the data proving that the plumes exist since 1997. Galileo, the spacecraft sent to gather information about Jupiter and its moons that plunged to its demise in 2003, collected it way back then, but scientists have only just now gotten around to analyzing the truly monumental pile of data.
Xianzhe Jia, a planetary scientist at the University of Michigan, heard astronomers suspected the plumes sat on the moon’s equator, but couldn’t get a good look at them with the Hubble Space Telescope, he told NPR. Jia, however, had worked with Galileo’s data when he was a graduate student, so he had a good sense for the kind of data the probe typically collected. When Jia and his team sifted through the observations of plasma and magnetic wave fluctuations Galileo picked up on Europa, Jia and his team were able to confirm that, yes, the geysers did, in fact, exist.
That’s particularly exciting because it also suggests that Europa may have an energy source propelling the water skyward. That’s another requirement for life that might be checked off the list — in fact, some scientists theorize that life on Earth started in the deep sea vents that erupt in geysers.
For the most part, NASA doesn’t bother searching for life in solid water (that is, in ice) because molecules don’t flow as freely. But researchers suspected that Europa may have lakes under its icy crust that made it worthy of investigation. That’s why NASA has already spent years planning the Europa Clipper to investigate the moon for liquid.
The geysers make the mission’s job much easier. Not only do the plumes suggest that subsurface ocean likely exists, but it also means the Clipper, and any future mission, can just fly through the spewing mist for a sample, instead of hacking through the icy crust.
Now that we have the geysers to sail through, some of Clipper’s gear, like the instruments meant to detect the tiniest traces of water in the atmosphere, might not be as useful as NASA thought it would be. Otherwise, Clipper will be taking full advantage of the waterworks. A radar device will look past the ice for hidden lakes, and the craft will also learn how deep and salty the water is based on the moon’s magnetic field.
Clipper isn’t slated to launch until the 2020s. That might seem far away, but new information about the geysers may give NASA a chance to reconfigure the scientific tools and goals of the spacecraft. And now that the geysers have whet our thirst for more information, whatever Clipper finds will be worth the wait.
It’s an amazing time to be alive. Consider this: humans have sent a man-made spacecraft around each and every planet in the solar system, as well as some of their moons. Although billions of miles might separate Earth from other planets in the solar system, and despite everything being in motion, we’ve managed this extraordinary feat.
No other planet has been more visited by our contraptions than Mars. We’ve sent orbiters, landers, and even 4×4 labs on wheels to the Red Planet. Now, for the first time, NASA wants to send a helicopter to Mars, which is meant to fly in very rarefied Martian atmosphere.
“Exploring the Red Planet with NASA’s Mars Helicopter exemplifies a successful marriage of science and technology innovation and is a unique opportunity to advance Mars exploration for the future,” said Thomas Zurbuchen, Associate Administrator for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate at the agency headquarters in Washington. “After the Wright Brothers proved 117 years ago that powered, sustained, and controlled flight was possible here on Earth, another group of American pioneers may prove the same can be done on another world.”
The little helicopter measures just one-meter long in rotor diameter, and its body is about the size of a small cat. It took four years of testing and tweaking to make the first prototype of the Mars-bound helicopter.
One of the biggest challenges was figuring out how to build a helicopter that can fly in an atmosphere that’s about a thousand times thinner than on Earth. Just imagine that hovering just 10 feet (3 m) above the Martian surface is like soaring at 100,000 feet (30,000 m) above Earth. The highest a helicopter has ever flown is 40,000 feet (12,000 m), where the air becomes too thin to keep helicopters aloft.
“To make it fly at that low atmospheric density, we had to scrutinize everything, make it as light as possible while being as strong and as powerful as it can possibly be,” said Mimi Aung, Mars Helicopter project manager at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
The Martian helicopter also features another innovation: it’s powered by solar cells that charge lithium batteries. Meanwhile, internal heating mechanisms will keep the flying machine warm through the frigid Martian night.
NASA’s Mars Helicopter, a small, autonomous rotorcraft, will travel with the agency’s Mars 2020 rover, currently scheduled to launch in July 2020, to demonstrate the viability and potential of heavier-than-air vehicles on the Red Planet.
Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech
Because it takes at least four minutes for light to travel to Mars from Earth (a delay that can grow to half an hour depending on how far the two planets are relative to each other), remote controlling the helicopter is out of the question. Instead, the machine is designed to receive pre-programmed commands from Earth, then execute them on its own, always autonomously navigating the environment in real-time.
The Mars Helicopter is expected to touch down on the Martian surface in February 2021, piggybacking a car-sized rover — a bigger, upgraded version of the Curiosity rover. After the rover lands on the Martian surface, the rotorcraft will detach and take off. Its first flight is intended to be short: just a 10-foot climb for 30 seconds before returning to the ground. If this initial test works well, the craft is supposed to make four more flights over a 30-day test period, with each flight getting progressively longer and more complex than the previous. If this little helicopter works as intended, it will set the stage for future, more complex rotorcrafts designed to act as scouts that can explore and map regions of Mars where scientists can’t even dream to send a rover.
“The ability to see clearly what lies beyond the next hill is crucial for future explorers,” shttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A80mBA6lHfcaid Zurbuchen. “We already have great views of Mars from the surface as well as from orbit. With the added dimension of a bird’s-eye view from a ‘marscopter,’ we can only imagine what future missions will achieve.”
Here’s What We Know About The Robots That Might Build Our First Homes on the Moon
Here’s What We Know About The Robots That Might Build Our First Homes on the Moon
ispace
Rovers may soon traverse the surface of the Moon yet again. This time, though, they’ll have one noble mission: to build shelter the first human colonizers will inhabit.
A team of Japanese scientists is working to make this a reality. They started a company called ispace with the intention of launching a private space mission to the Moon. ispace envisions an entire colony, called “Moon Valley,” constructed not by human astronauts, but by robots instead. And they want to get started on it soon: the team is planning its first mission for late 2019, and a second in 2020.
The Moon is smaller than our other planetary neighbors, but it could become a second home for an exponentially growing human population back on Earth. But many, including Elon Musk, see the Moon as a stepping stone (or even just a place to stop for gas) to future space colonies on more distant planets, like Mars.
The team’s 8.3-pound lunar rover is shaped like a metallic beetle and is designed to house tools and instruments its clients may want (the company’s web site is strangely vague about what these may be, and what purpose they might serve). It also was designed to extract valuable resources that could later be used to build a city on the Moon. The team initially conceived of the project, at first dubbed “Sorato” (“white rabbit”), three years ago, as they planned to submit it to Google’s coveted Lunar X Prize, Wired reports.
But the X Prize Foundation has been pushing back its deadline for years. It was supposed to be 2014 originally, but after years of delays, it dissolved the prize this past January, since none of the finalists could meet Google’s ambitious deadlines.
That doesn’t seem to be fazing ispace. With a healthy $90 million in its first round of funding late last year (even SpaceX only raised $61 million in its first round, back in 2002), its effort to launch a private mission to the Moon no longer seems far-fetched.
But ispace isn’t the only company with ambitions to use robots to construct a new home on the surface of the Moon. The Pacific International Space Center for Exploration (PISCES) managed to build a four-wheeled robot that’s capable of building a landing pad for future space exploration on the Moon. It hasn’t done so, at least not yet — it’s only been tested in Hawaii under conditions that are decidedly Earth-like.
Other efforts, including one mission proposed by the European Space Agency, will test if local lunar soil could be used to 3D print a lunar base. By combining loose soil with special salts as “structural ink,” robotic 3D printers could one day build dome-shaped shelters that could house the first space explorers on the Moon.
MIT researchers created a competing project that looks particularly promising — last year, they 3D-printed the entire basic structure of a 12-foot high building in just 14 hours, with the help of a large industrial robotic arm. This “Digital Construction Platform” could build structures in remote places such as Antarctica first, and perhaps eventually on the Moon, or even Mars.
But who’s going to start building on the Moon first? NASA just canceled its only existing Moon Rover Project, and chances are, we’ll have a solid 4G phone connectionon the Moon, before we start actually living there. Private space companies might be a safer bet: SpaceX has big plans to build its own bases on the Moon, and eventually Mars, with the help of its BFR. Other companies, from Blue Origin to Moon Express, have already indicated they’re in the race, too.
It’s anybody’s guess when, or if, humans will call the Moon their home. But what isclear? It’s a pretty good idea to have robots build us a shelter first. And for that purpose, ispace seems to have a pretty promising candidate.
You may not carry your house on your back or release sulphuric acid, but you’ve got a lot more in common with a sea snail than you may think. Especially where your brain is concerned.
Yes, sea snails may have 20,000 neurons — a paltry sum compared to humans’ 100 billion. But scientists have been studying sea snails for a long time, and they know an awful lot about how the organisms learn. Many marine organisms function the same way mammals do, except the processes that keep them alive are just way less complicated. And sea snails are no exception — their nerves transmit impulses much the way ours do.
So, it’s impressive that researchers from UCLA were able to transfer memories of being shocked between marine snails. Even more impressive? That early research may someday pave the way for similar processes in humans.
In the study, published Monday in the journal eNeuro, snails in one group were trained to respond to a stimulus — in this case, a shock to the tail (animal lovers, don’t fear — the shock didn’t hurt the snails. It just triggered a defensive curl reflex, sort of like snatching your hand away from a hot stove). At first, the snails would only curl for a few seconds. But through repeated shocks, the researchers trained them to curl for longer, up to about 50 seconds.
Next, the team took some ribonucleic acid (RNA), which forms proteins based on cells’ DNA, from nerve tissue in the upper abdomen of trained snails and injected it into the untrained snails’ necks to get to their circulatory system. When they were shocked, the snails that weren’t injected with RNA curled for only a few seconds, the way all snails do when they haven’t been trained. But the ones injected with RNA from the trained snails? They held the pose for 40 seconds, as if they remembered how to respond to a stimulus, even though they had never encountered it before. The researchers also tested some of the same techniques on snail neurons in a petri dish.
This is a big deal because it helps clear up a longstanding scientific debate. See, some researchers think memories are stored in the synapses (the spaces between nerve cells). Another camp believed memories were stored in the nuclei of neurons. As study author David Glanzman told the BBC, “If memories were stored at synapses, there is no way our experiment would have worked.”
To treat memory-related illnesses in humans, we’ve first got to understand how the brain stores memories in the first place. The UCLA team suggests their research might one day allow us to, as the study states, “modify, enhance, or depress memories.” That could lead to new ways for people with early-stage Alzheimer’s to regain some of what they lost, or novel treatments for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).
Let’s not get carried away, here — these are snails, after all. These findings don’t close the debate about where memories are stored, and they certainly don’t mean that we can instantly restore detailed memories in humans.
But there are many different types of RNA, and Glanzman’s team plans to do more research to figure out determine which types most directly impact memory.
So, we’re still a ways off from becoming a karate black belt simply by injecting some RNA into our necks, or downloading sweet dance moves directly to our minds. But we may be a step closer to it, thanks to the humble, oft-shocked sea snail.
WETENSCHAP Zo groot als 20 miljard zonnen. Het is amper voor te stellen, maar zo gigantisch is het superzware zwarte gat dat Australische astronomen hebben ontdekt. De grootste quasar ooit zou al dateren uit het vroege universum. Om de twee dagen slokt het gulzige monster een massa gelijk aan onze eigen zon op, en dat op meer dan twaalf miljard lichtjaar van ons.
Het zogenaamde supermassief zwart gat of quasar werd gespot door astronomen van de Australian National University (ANU), geleid door Christian Wolf van de Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, met de SkyMapper-telescoop, met behulp van de GAIA-satelliet van ESA. Het zwart gat produceert ultraviolet licht en X-stralen, doordat het gassen en stoffen opslorpt. De temperaturen lopen er zo hoog op dat ze mogelijk het sterrenstelsel waartoe het zwart gat behoort, zouden kunnen verwoesten.
Het is, voor zover bekend, het snelst groeiende zwarte gat in het heelal. Ontstaan op het moment dat ons universum, van inmiddels 13,8 miljard jaar, zo’n 1,2 miljard jaar oud was.
1 procent groter elk 1 miljoen jaar
“Het groeit zo snel dat het duizenden keren helderder schijnt dan een heel sterrenstelsel doordat het dagelijks zoveel gassen opzuigt en zo heel wat wrijving en hitte doet ontstaan”, zegt Wolf. Elk één miljoen jaar groeit het met één procent aan, wat extreem zeldzaam is. “Als een dergelijk monster in het centrum van onze Melkweg zou zitten, dan zou het tien keer helderder zijn dan de volle maan. Het zou schitteren als een ongelooflijk heldere puntige ster, die bijna alle sterren aan de hemel zou uitvegen.”
Ook onze Melkweg kent een superzwaar zwart gat, maar dat is een lichtgewicht in vergelijking met deze ontdekking. Met een massa van vijf miljoen zonnen is dat ‘van ons’ maar liefst 40.000 kleiner dan wat de SkyMapper ontdekte. Mocht dát zwarte gat zich centraal in ons melkwegstelsel bevinden, dan zou leven op aarde waarschijnlijk niet mogelijk zijn door de hoeveelheid röntgenstralen. “Maar geen paniek”, zegt Wolf. “Het zal ons niet opslokken. Daarvoor is het te ver weg van ons.”
Big Bang
“Verrassend genoeg hebben we al zo’n 800 miljoen jaar na de Big Bang zulke enorme zwarte gaten gevonden in het vroege universum.” Hoe ze tot zo’n massa groeiden, zo snel na de oerknal, is een groot mysterie voor de natuurkunde. Ze moeten lange tijd supersnel gegroeid zijn, of ze zijn ontstaan uit massieve zwarte gaten, die zich vormden tijdens de donkere vroege tijden door directe instorting.” Het onderzoeksteam is nu op zoek naar nog sneller groeiende zwarte gaten om antwoorden te vinden.
“Dit heeft implicaties voor hoe het universum ontstond en welk mechanisme de oerknal teweegbracht”, zegt Tamara Davis van de University of Queensland nog.
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15-05-2018
Leven we in een multiversum dat vol buitenaards leven zit? Dit nieuwe onderzoek werpt licht op de zaak
Leven we in een multiversum dat vol buitenaards leven zit? Dit nieuwe onderzoek werpt licht op de zaak
Andere universa zitten mogelijk vol buitenaards leven, zo blijkt uit een nieuwe studie waar The Independent over schrijft.
Astronomen vragen zich al geruime tijd af of we in een universum leven dat slechts één van vele is. Je kunt je vervolgens afvragen of andere universa ook leven bevatten.
Als het multiversum blijkt te bestaan zit het mogelijk vol met verschillende soorten buitenaards leven, aldus het nieuwe onderzoek.
Veel geschikter
Aan de hand van computersimulaties hebben wetenschappers vastgesteld dat andere delen van het multiversum veel geschikter zijn voor leven dan voorheen werd gedacht.
Huidige theorieën voorspellen dat er veel meer donkere energie in ons eigen universum zou moeten zijn.
Voegen we echter meer donkere energie toe aan ons heelal, dan zou het zo snel uitdijen dat materie geen sterren en planeten kan vormen.
Vele verschillende universa
Het multiversum kan dit verklaren. Volgens sommige wetenschappers zijn er vele verschillende universa en hebben sommige meer donkere energie dan andere.
De nieuwe studie laat zien dat sterren en planeten zich ook gewoon kunnen vormen als er meer donkere energie is.
Nauwelijks invloed
“We vroegen ons af hoeveel donkere energie er kan zijn voordat leven onmogelijk is,” zei Pascal Elahi van de University of Western Australia.
“Onze simulaties toonden aan dat de versnelde expansie als gevolg van donkere energie nauwelijks invloed heeft op de geboorte van sterren, en dus plekken waar leven kan ontstaan,” vervolgde hij.
Ons universum is dus eigenlijk niet zo heel speciaal.
Mysterieus harig zeewezen aangespoeld op Filipijnen. Lokale bewoners staan voor een raadsel
Mysterieus harig zeewezen aangespoeld op Filipijnen. Lokale bewoners staan voor een raadsel
-Op de Filipijnen is een mysterieus zeewezen aangespoeld. Er wordt gespeculeerd dat het gaat om het karkas van een wezen uit de diepste delen van de oceaan.
Het zes meter lange object, dat bedekt lijkt te zijn met haar, stelt lokale bewoners voor een raadsel.
Het wezen, dat aanspoelde op het strand van San Antonio in de provincie Oriental Mindoro, trok veel bekijks.
Grijswitte massa
Vrijdag om 19.00 uur lokale tijd spoelde de grijswitte massa aan. Velen maakten foto’s van het vreemde wezen.
Autoriteiten vermoeden dat het gaat om het lichaam van een walvis dat in staat van ontbinding is.
Lokale bewoners reageerden geschokt. “Oriental Mindoro zal worden getroffen door een aardbeving,” zei Tam Maling. “Dit is een teken dat er iets ergs staat te gebeuren. Bid voor ons.”
Geschrokken
“Velen reageerden geschrokken toen ze het nieuws kregen, waaronder ikzelf,” voegde Vincent Dela Pena Badillo toe.
“Volgens overleveringen gebeurt er iets ergs als wezens uit de diepste delen van de oceaan beginnen te verschijnen,” klonk het.
Dood monster
De kinderen van Imelda Mariz dachten dat het een ‘dood monster’ was. “Ik kon het niet geloven. Ik heb nog nooit zoiets gezien,” zei ze.
In februari vorig jaar spoelde er ook al een mysterieuze ‘harige’ massa aan op de Filipijnen.
Zoals duidelijk werd op het eiland Hawaii zijn de vreemde apocalyptische geluiden misschien in verband te brengen met heftige aardveranderingen.
Soortgelijke geluiden worden niet alleen daar gehoord, maar ook bijvoorbeeld bij onze zuiderburen in België.
Voor ons zijn de ervaringen van lezers heel waardevol, omdat wanneer je een goed beeld wilt krijgen van iets dan is de aanwezigheid van getuigen altijd belangrijk.
Daarom worden bij geniepige False Flag operaties de videobeelden met daarop verklaringen van getuigen altijd heel snel verwijderd, omdat getuigen meestal gewoon vertellen wat ze hebben ervaren.
Naar aanleiding van ons verhaal over de vreemde apocalyptische geluiden op Hawaii, enige tijd voor de aardbeving en de vulkaanuitbarsting, stuurt een lezer uit België het volgende (dank!):
Ik lees net het artikel over ‘ trompetgeschal’.
‘n 10-tal dagen geleden , het was nog vrij warm , stond ik ’s nachts ( rond 3.oo u ,3.30’u) voor het raam , en vond het …raar…..
Ik woon in de stille Kempen , niet direct op den buiten , maar zeker ’s nachts hoor je hier bijna niets, tenzij gekende geluiden hier en daar … soms.
’s Morgens zeg ik tegen mijn man ; “ wat raar vannacht . ’t Was alsof Francorchamps een race had vannacht , hier ergens in de buurt … ik hoorde aanhoudend het scheurende geluid van racende auto’s in de verte … het leek erg op dat geluid van die video (10 mei).
Door de video te horen , schoot het mij weer te binnen, mét kippenvel ….
Tussendoor hoorde ik herhaaldelijk ‘ een HST ’ trein in de verte voorbij donderen , … die geluiden wisselden zich af …
Hier is een spoor en een eindstation op 7 min. stappen ,maar om 23.50u stopt de laatste trein hier , en een trein loopt hier langzaam binnen ,of vertrekt net … en overdag horen we wel eens iets in de verte , als de wind goed staat ….
Dan was er nog iets , maar dat ben ik vergeten (ik ben al wat ouder )….
Misschien willen jullie graag zo ’n bevestiging horen ….
Bedankt voor wat jullie doen.
Tot zover de lezer.
Wat die geluiden dan ook mag veroorzaken, ze houden op een bepaalde manier verband met de steeds heftiger wordende aardveranderingen. Deze, op hun beurt, kunnen weer heel goed het gevolg zijn van een naderend mini zonnestelsel dat steeds heviger inwerkt op onze aarde.
Hieronder volgt een samenvatting van de soms krankzinnige toestanden waarmee wij als aardbewoners tegenwoordig moeten leven.
Wat opviel gedurende deze maand april was dat het op verschillende plekken ongewoon koud was en er op veel plaatsen nog hevige sneeuwval voor kwam. Nu gebeurt dit wel eens in de maand april, maar over het algemeen wordt deze maand toch beschouwd als een lentemaand.
Regen die doet denken aan de zondvloed, overstromingen en gigantische hagelstenen zijn een aantal oorzaken van grote problemen in gebieden zoals het Midden Oosten, Kenia, Zuid Afrika, centraal Amerika en het zuiden van de Verenigde Staten.
Sinkholes, waar men zo’n tien jaar geleden nog nauwelijks had gehoord en die op steeds meer plaatsen ter wereld spontaan verschijnen, zijn nu een soort standaard onderdeel van ons leven geworden. Het lijkt alsof de aardkorst letterlijk openscheurt.
Een ander ding waar misschien maar weinig mensen bij stil staan is dat de steeds heftiger wordende aardveranderingen ook grote gevolgen hebben voor landbouw en veeteelt, wat zich dan weer vertaalt in steeds hoger wordende voedselprijzen.
Onze overheid weet dat ook en daarom hebben ze maar vast een verhoging van 50 procent doorgevoerd op de diefstalbelasting, BTW genaamd. Hoe hoger de voedselprijzen, des te meer zullen zij roven van de bevolking.
Welkom op onze krankzinnige wereld waar de weersomstandigheden eigenlijk niets anders zijn dan een weerspiegeling van de gemoedstoestand van veel mensen op aarde: krankzinnig.
The controversial theory that mysterious and biologically complex octopus is so unique that it had to come from another planet just got a scientific paper backing it.
“Thus the possibility that cryopreserved Squid and/or Octopus eggs, arrived in icy bolides several hundred million years ago should not be discounted as that would be a parsimonious cosmic explanation for the Octopus’ sudden emergence on Earth circa 270 million years ago.”
OK, “should not be discounted” is not exactly a bet-your-life savings-on-it endorsement, but it’s still a big deal. In a paperentitled “Cause of Cambrian Explosion – Terrestrial or Cosmic?” published in the Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biologyjournal, 33 scientists researching the cause of the Cambrian Explosion – the mysterious point in Earth’s history when single-cell organisms were suddenly overshadowed by complex animals – linked the panspermia or cosmic cause to the equally mysterious and sudden appearance of octopuses.
“The transformative genes leading from the consensus ancestral Nautilus to the common Cuttlefish to Squid to the common are not easily to be found in any pre-existing life form – it is plausible then to suggest they seem to be borrowed from a far distant “future” in terms of terrestrial evolution, or more realistically from the cosmos at large. One plausible explanation, in our view, is that the new genes are likely new extraterrestrial imports to Earth – most plausibly as an already coherent group of functioning genes within (say) cryopreserved and matrix protected fertilized Octopus eggs.”
“Cryopreserved and matrix protected” sounds like a Superman origin story with creatures sent by another civilization to populate the galaxy (let’s take a moment to remember Margot Kidder, who played Lois Lane to Christopher Reeve’s movie Superman and passed away this week), but the paper leans more towards the idea that Earth received a bombardment of comets and asteroids that could have been carrying organisms that somehow managed to survive the cold, the radiation and the long trip. Only a complex species could devise a way to do this … an advanced species with a really big brain like … an octopus?
Yes, that seems to be the flying octopus in the panspermian ointment of this particular paper. It singles out octopuses as an (or possibly the only) advanced species that sent preserved eggs during the same period that it speculates asteroids and comets were involuntarily bringing other hardy cells and viruses en masse to ignite the Cambrian Explosion some 540 million years ago. “Speculates” because there’s no physical proof yet of the real cause of the Cambrian Explosion – so panspermia, climate change, evolution and others are in play.
If they’re an advanced species, do they know about this?
Octopuses are a special and highly unusual species that can edit their own RNA and slow down their evolution – a process that science can’t explain yet. It’s interesting that many scientists think the idea of intentional panspermia as their origin on Earth “should not be discounted.” Does this mean octopuses are aliens? Only an eight-legged, squishy Jor-El knows for sure.
While the search for extraterrestrial life here in this universe is complicated enough, the problem becomes even murkier when you account for the multiverse theory—our universe might one of many “universes” that make up a collective multiverse. Theoretical physicists have long assumed that the vast majority of parallel universes would be unable to harbor alien life, but that assumption is being challenged. A research team of scientists from Durham University, Western Sydney University, and the University of Western Australia have now found evidence that upends previously held notions of why the universe formed as it did, and suggests that the conditions to create a habitable universe are much more likely that previously imagined.
Just as Earth is an assumed rarity in our universe—a Goldilocks planet, not too hot, not too cold, and full of liquid water—our universe as a whole was previously considered to be an extreme rarity among potential alternate universes. Why? Dark energy, the strange and baffling invisible force that is driving our universe’s expansion. Jaime Salcido, postgraduate student at Durham University told Newsweek:
“The multiverse theory suggests that our universe is only one of many, baby universes being born like bubbles in a bigger multiverse, with a wide range of physical laws and fundamental constants. The existence of life seems to depend on a small number of fine-tuned fundamental physical constants, such as the strength of gravity and the amount of dark energy. The formation of stars and galaxies is the result of a tug-of-war between these values: gravity causing matter to clump together, the dark energy causing the universe to fly apart.”
The multiverse theory states that our universe is just one in a perhaps never ending series of other universes.
Scientists thought that if there were any less or any more dark energy in a parallel universe than what we find in our own—dark energy makes up about 70 percent of our observable universe—the alternate universe wouldn’t have the physical laws that allow galaxies, stars, and planets to form in the first place.
To test this, the Australian research team studied computer models of the formation of the universe (because we can do that now…) using EAGLE (Evolution and Assembly of GaLaxies and their Environments), the most advanced computer simulation of how our universe was formed. They found something surprising.
It seems that celestial bodies like stars and galaxies form even when they amount of dark energy is no where near the amount predicted to be necessary. In one case, the researchers added one hundred times the amount of dark energy to the system, and a functioning, potentially habitable universe still formed. Salcido says:
“Our research shows that even if there was much more dark energy, or even very little, in the universe, then it would only have a minimal effect on star and planet formation, raising the prospect that life could exist throughout the multiverse.”
Inter-dimensional aliens are objectively more awesome than regular aliens, so that’s pretty cool.
New research shows that a universe will form galaxies regardless of the amount of dark energy.
The findings do cause a bit of a problem though. The multiverse theory was created as a way to explain the amount of dark matter, and the relationship it has with the fundamental formation of the universe. It doesn’t work anymore. While the researchers say this doesn’t disprove a multiverse, it does mean that our understanding of dark energy was rather flawed:
“It seems that we need a new physical law to understand dark energy. The puzzle remains.”
Streetcap1 has recorded a strange and unusual astral phenomenon that showed up on the Stereo Ahead satellite.
The footage shows a normal picture of the solar system when suddenly ‘something’ completely disturbed the images resulting in a picture of a distorted solar system.
It is unclear what caused the disruption, but it looks like a huge shock wave is travelling through space.
People staring at the night sky over the Trinity Park a couple of months ago might have seen a UFO.
A local geologist Adam Murfet caught an apparent UFO while recording on video an intense storm activity with his camera.
Mr Murfet said that he saw the strange light in the sky during the end of a lightning storm. He explained that there was no lightning going on by the time he noticed what could be described as an unidentified flying object.
The video shows a small object hovering, zipping around erratically and seemingly vanish before reappearing.
He said that it shot up and disappeared.
Then all of a sudden, the pitch black sky reignites with lightning quickly after the light vanished.
The possible existence of little green men in the skies makes Mr Murfet to consider starting a Northern Beaches UFO watchers group.
He said that he has never created one before, but believes they could form a group together to see what they could see.
He sent the footage to Mutual UFO Network for consideration.
Mr Murfet said that UFOs have always fascinated him, but it was the first time he has seen one.
Speculation about the existence of extraterrestrial life has been a perennial occupant of humanity’s endless capacity for wonder. To see if there is anyone out there, we sent both Voyagers, not to study a particular star, but to leave our shores and explore other islands in the vast oceans of outer space. Astrophysicists have also wondered (if we do discover one) about the nature of such an alien civilization.
If we were to infer the biochemistry of any life form from what we have already encountered, which is well, us, we’d conclude that it would be based on carbon. Carbon, or as science fiction regularly depicts, carbon’s closest cousin, silicon. However, Carl Sagan called this parochial view Carbon chauvinism. He believed that we shouldn’t limit our imagination and ridiculed the assumption that alien life would resemble life on Earth.
Life in all its variety.
Still, due to its sheer dominance on Earth, carbon remains our best guess. Given that, what makes carbon so special?
Life is complex
Every life form, whether plant or animal, is the embodiment of complexity. The first self-replicating organism evolved more and more complex biological functions by incorporating more and more molecular complexity. Here, complexity refers to fostering millions of intricate chemical bonds and reactions that are imperative to sustain higher forms of life. A primitive life form, such as an amoeba, fosters far lesser molecular complexity than a higher mammal, such as a dog.
Molecular complexity enabled the synthesis of functions, such as breathing, excretion, digestion and most importantly, reproduction. None of this would have been possible without carbon. Without carbon, there would have been no DNA, proteins, lipids, sugar, fat, muscle tissue or anything else that makes up the stuff of life.
(Photo Credit: Pixabay)
Considering the 118 elements known to man, it’s strange why only 5-6 of them are used to construct organic life. The most common of them is, of course, carbon, dedicated to whose antics is an entire branch of chemistry. It is carbon’s extraordinary thermodynamic and chemical properties that render it so superior to other elements.
Carbon amiability
A carbon atom consists of four valence electrons, allowing it to form four single bonds (methane), two double bonds (carbon dioxide) and a triple bond (acetylene, a welding fuel and a raw material for synthesizing plastic). The dominance of carbon, however, isn’t a result of its ability to form these complex bonds, but rather the ease and pliancy with which it forms them. In fact, all the elements residing in the column that carbon occupies in the periodic table possess four valence electrons, but the stability of the bonds they form is incomparable to carbon.
The chemical structure of a four base pair fragment of a DNA double helix.
(Photo Credit: Thomas Shafee / Wikimedia Commons)
Even silicon, the element that resides right below carbon, forms countless molecules, but a double-bonded silicon molecule, unlike double-bonded carbon, is transient – its instability eventually forces it to part into single-bonded silicon atoms. Carbon molecules, such as hydrocarbons, one of the most crucial species of molecules to sustain life, are neither too frail to easily break down, nor too rigid to deter plasticity and adaptability. This allows enzymes to easily manipulate carbon molecules. Furthermore, reactions with silicon aren’t all that efficient; silicon dioxide is a huge molecule (sand), as compared to carbon dioxide, which comfortably exists as a gas.
Silicon-based life can’t survive on Earth anyway. Silicon is more reactive than carbon and can form long ‘chains’ of molecules, reminiscent of hydrocarbons, but it will also react violently with oxygen at relatively low temperatures. This means that silicon chains or ‘silanes’ couldn’t have survived within our atmosphere. Carbon-based life also wouldn’t have survived if organisms stored energy directly as hydrocarbons — alkanes are quite flammable themselves (petrol and kerosene), but carbon-based organisms store energy as sugars, lipids, alcohols and other hydrocarbons that exhibit very different chemical properties.
A strawberry poison frog from a tropical rainforest in Panama.
(Credit: Dirk Ercken/Shutterstock)
All of these properties can be explained by a single statement: carbon is the smallest atom that possesses four valence electrons. Its size renders it the ideal friend to make. Bonds on one branch are unaffected by bonds on other branches. However, life would have been impossible to manufacture if nature lacked the raw materials itself. Carbon is abundant on Earth, so nature couldn’t have missed the opportunity. It leveraged its properties to build life right from scratch!
Related video: US Navy release footage of 'UFO' caught on camera
There might be plenty of aliens – living in other universes, according to a new study.
Whether we live in a universe that is just one of many, inside a multiverse, is a question that has long troubled astronomers. And, after asking that, another question that is even more perplexing follows: would those other universes contain life of their own?
Now new research has shown that if that multiverse exists it could be filled with many examples of different alien life.
Scientists used vast computer simulations to predict that other parts of the multiverse would be far more hospitable to life than we had previously thought.
But it also causes major problems for the idea of the multiverse. In fact, the strangeness of our own universe might better be explained by an undiscovered natural law, they said.
The idea of the multiverse comes about because in physics terms, our universe is very lucky to exist at all.
Current theories predict there should be much more dark energy inside of our own universe than there is. That is a problem because adding more dark energy would lead it to expand so quickly that any matter would be diluted before it could form the stars or planets that we need to live.
In response to that, some have suggested that we might in fact be living inside of a multiverse. There are in fact lots of different universes – many of which will have more dark energy and so could not host life – and we simply live inside one that worked out in the right way.
But the new study suggests that we might have been overstating how lucky we are. It might actually be possible for stars and planets to form even if there is much more dark energy.
“We asked ourselves how much dark energy can there be before life is impossible,” said Pascal Elahi, a research fellow at the University of Western Australia. “Our simulations showed that the accelerated expansion driven by dark energy has hardly any impact on the birth of stars, and hence places for life to arise. Even increasing dark energy many hundreds of times might not be enough to make a dead universe.”
It is still true that our universe could be very special. But it does not need to be quite so special, the researchers showed.
“The multiverse was previously thought to explain the observed value of dark energy as a lottery – we have a lucky ticket and live in the Universe that forms beautiful galaxies which permit life as we know it,” said Luke Barnes, a John Templeton research fellow at Western Sydney University.
“Our work shows that our ticket seems a little too lucky, so to speak. It’s more special than it needs to be for life. This is a problem for the multiverse; a puzzle remains.”
That puzzling fact might suggest that the multiverse theory is not true in the first place. The study does not rule out the idea but does suggest that the small amount of dark energy in our universe would be better explained by a law of nature that we do not yet know about.
At the time, researcher Chrstopher Russell said the find was the "building blocks of life" and meant "we need to explore Ceres".
But he added "Ceres may have been able to take this process only so far" and the elements were "a long way" from life.
NASA
NEW DAWN: The probe was launched in 2007 and will orbit Ceres until 2018
NASA
ALIEN WORLD: Ceres is fast becoming one of the most fascinating objects in the solar system
"More and more, we are learning that Ceres is a complex, dynamic world that may have hosted a lot of liquid water in the past, and may still have some underground," said Julie Castillo-Rogez, project scientist for Dawn.
Scientists found its crust was a mixture of ice, salts and “hydrated materials” – which suggest the existence of an ancient ocean.
And they believe beneath this harder crust could be a soft layer which may have soaked up water.
Even if NASA do not find proof of life, the discovery is key to understanding how our solar system formed.
It will also provide insight into working to find aliens on worlds elsewhere in the Milky Way.
NASA said: "The team thinks most of Ceres' ancient ocean is now frozen and bound up in the crust, remaining in the form of ice, clathrate hydrates and salts.
"It has mostly been that way for more than 4 billion years. But if there is residual liquid underneath, that ocean is not yet entirely frozen.”
Ceres is believed to have formed 4.57 billion years ago in the earliest days of our solar system.
NASA
DWARF PLANET: Ceres is just 600 miles across but may have been covered in oceans
Astrophysicists found 12 possible black holes near the supermassive black hole at our Milky Way’s heart. They could be the 1st known members of a black hole swarm.
When you look at this image, you’re looking toward the center of our Milky Way galaxy, toward the giant black hole called Sagittarius A*. The white circles indicate likely binary systems containing white dwarf stars. The red circles indicate possible black holes.
Image via Chandra X-ray Observatory.
Scientists using X-ray data said on May 9, 2018, that they now have evidence for a swarm of stellar-mass black holes – typically weighing between five to 30 times the mass of our sun – within three light-years of the center of our Milky Way galaxy. The galactic center is already known to be inhabited by a supermassive black hole, with some 4 million times the sun’s mass. Astronomers call this behemoth Sagittarius A* (pronounced Sagittarius A-star), and they’re calling the possible swarm of smaller black holes near it the Sagittarius A* Swarm.
The evidence takes the form of the discovery of just 12 stellar-mass black holes, identified via X-ray data near our galaxy’s center. Chuck Hailey of Columbia University in New York led the team that made the discovery, which was published in April in the peer-reviewed journal Nature. He said in a statement from Columbia:
Everything you’d ever want to learn about the way big black holes interact with little black holes, you can learn by studying this distribution. The Milky Way is really the only galaxy we have where we can study how supermassive black holes interact with little ones because we simply can’t see their interactions in other galaxies.
The scientists said this new evidence is the first confirmation of decades of theoretical studies of the dynamics of stars in galaxies, which have indicated that a large population of stellar mass black holes could drift inward over the eons and collect around the galaxies’ central supermassive black holes.
The researchers used Chandra data to search for X-ray binaries – systems where a black hole is locked in a close orbit with a star and is pulling matter from the star, resulting in X-ray emission – near Sagittarius A*. They studied the X-ray spectra — that is, the amount of X-rays seen at different energies — of sources within about 12 light-years of the galaxy’s heart. A statement from Chandra X-ray Observatory explained:
… they detected 14 X-ray binaries within about three light-years of Sgr A*. Two X-ray sources likely to contain neutron stars based on the detection of characteristic outbursts in previous studies were then eliminated from the analysis.
The dozen remaining X-ray binaries are identified in the labeled version of the image [above] using red colored circles. Other sources with relatively large amounts of high energy X-rays are labeled in white, and are mostly binaries containing white dwarf stars.
Hailey and his collaborators concluded that a majority of these dozen X-ray binaries are likely to contain black holes.
Sagittarius A* is about 26,000 light-years from Earth. The scientists said that – at this distance – only the brightest X-ray binaries containing black holes are likely to be detectable. Therefore, they said:
… the detections in this study imply that a much larger population of fainter, undetected X-ray binaries — at least 300 and up to 1,000 — containing stellar-mass black holes should be present around Sagittarius A*.
Artist’s concept of the stellar-mass black holes found near the giant supermassive black hole at the center of our Milky Way galaxy, via Columbia University.
Bottom line: Astrophysicists found 12 possible black holes within three light-years of Sagittarius A*, the 4-billion-solar-mass black hole at the heart of our Milky Way galaxy. The smaller black holes could be the 1st known members of a black hole swarm.
Because sometimes we, as a society need help to realize what exactly is going on around us, and how things have changed, and not for the better, here are 30 images that prove the end is near.
Take a look at the largest diamond mine in the world. The Mir Mine. What exactly is mankind ready to do to get what they want? Does mother nature stand a chance against destructive humans?
This image above is a satellite view of the metropolitan area of New Delhi in India. It is the world’s third-largest metropolis, and it continues to grow.
A Plastic Bag was recently discovered at the deepest point on Earth.
Black Friday: Need I say more? Sigh.
Remember the Fukushima Disaster in Japan? Why not resort to eco-friendly energy?
Yeah, this was once an elephant.
The Ancient Temple of Ain Dara reduced to rubble after the war.
Chemtrails. Not a conspiracy anymore.
This is an oilfield in California.
Deforestation in Canada.
This image was shot in Java, Indonesia where people still surf beautiful turquoise waves, despite the trash and filth.
Yeah, that’s Toxic plume.
Melting ice is producing an incredible waterfall right on top of an iceberg in this stunning yet worrying image.
Welcome to the Concrete Jungle. L.A., evidence of a consumption-oriented, car-dependent society.
As ecosystems change and ice caps melt, changes occur. This image shows a polar bear that starved to death. Experts say that ice caps are disappearing alarmingly.
Scenes like these are common all around the globe.
After stripping electronic devices of any ‘precious’ metals, this is what remains. Plastic, plastic, and yeah, more plastic.
Rising sea levels could see places like the Maldives disappear beneath the ocean.
Satellite image of the tar sands region. As we can see in the image, mining operations and tailing ponds are so widespread; they are visible from space.
That ‘colorful scenery’ inside the albatross is plastic.
And if our waste doesn’t get the animals, poachers will hunt them down to extinction level.
We cut down trees without thinking about the consequences.
Wildfires have become frequent around the globe. These destructive fires are another consequence of a warming planet.
In this image, we can observe a waste treatment plant in India. There are surely better ways to treat waste?
Oil is not the energy of the future. But those who profit from it don’t really care, right?
A shepherd photographed in Inner Mongolia cannot stand the smell as he navigates the Yellow River.
In Peru, the rainforest has survived mercury poisoning coming from the south produced by diamond mines. To the North, oil companies destroy everything they find along the way. This image shows the rainforest burning.
Check Out The Floating Pyramid City That Makes 100% Of Its Food, Water And Electricity
Check Out The Floating Pyramid City That Makes 100% Of Its Food, Water And Electricity
I’ve got to admit, every once in a while, I get tired from the life in a big city.
Modern ways of life have twisted the fabrics of our society to a point where people live by the clock without consideration, by the routine.
We live in a monotony, where every day is similar to the previous one and a strictly embedded pattern in our society unconsciously dictates how our lives unfold.
Society, our communities, and life, in general, has drastically changed, and we have become hugely dependent on things that did not matter previously.
So if you have become tired of Suburbia, you may have a pretty awesome alternative: applying to live on the ocean, in a community made of self-sufficient, solar powered, Pyramid-shaped buildings.
Need I say more?
The Waya Adobes were designed by Pierpaolo Lazzarini a man who managed to blend the past and the future, inspired by ancient Mayan and Japanese architecture.
A pretty awesome project, right? Image Credit: Pierpaolo Lazzarini
His pyramid-shaped buildings come in a variety of designs and sizes and are specifically built to serve different purposes.
According to New Atlassome exist as floating homes, whereas others function as greenhouses, hotels, and cinemas.
The largest of the structures was designed to be around 30 meters tall, above the water line.
According to Lazzarini, the Pyramid-shaped Waya modules are to be built of fiberglass, carbon fiber as well as steel. The buildings are to be installed on massive floating platforms, containing basements locate beneath the water, suitable for bedrooms or living rooms.
As the floating Pyramid-shaped city aims to be fully autonomous and self-sustaining, the Waya modules will have solar-powered motors that will propel the structures.
Image Credit: Pierpaolo Lazzarini
The Pyramid-city would also have a small marina where the inhabitants could accommodate their boats and other water vehicles.
Lazzarini envisioned how each Waya module would obtain electricity from solar panels and water turbines.
Sounds interesting right?
Image Credit: Pierpaolo Lazzarini
However, the city, Wayaland, is still in concept stage, and Lazzarini is currently raising funds to begin the construction of the pyramid-shaped floating city with a crowdfunding campaign.
The Smallest Waya module will cost around $422,000 USD.
The modules would also be available for rent, with a cost of around $1,200 USD per night.
Image Credit: Pierpaolo Lazzarini
All of those who purchase a Waya module will participate in the community giving them rights like voting for where the Pyramid-shaped city would be located, based on a pre-selected list of optimal locations.
Lazzarini plans the inauguration of Wayaland to take place in 2022.
Image Credit: Pierpaolo Lazzarini
So, if you have a bit of cash to space, like Pyramids–floating pyramids–and want to live in a fully autonomous and self-sustaining city, hop over to Lazzarini’s website and found more about this revolutionary project.
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Scientists Find Genetically ‘Different’ Humans Adapted For Diving
Scientists Find Genetically ‘Different’ Humans Adapted For Diving
No, scientists didn’t discover fish people, nor did they find a new species of humans.
A mystery people living in Southeastern Asia has baffled scientists for years.
The people of the Bajau tribe, in Southeast Asia, only need a breath of air to dive up to 70 meters underwater and fish, remaining submerged for several minutes. This has led experts to question how dey manage to do it.
These people were almost like “super-humans” and have “extraordinary” capabilities…
Image Credit: Melissa Ilardo
A recent study published in the Journal cell describes how a certain population of humans has genetically adapted to dive underwater.
Experts describe a population that has remarkably larger organs, which help them stay underwater for greater periods of time.
This isn’t the first time that experts have found genetic mutations in humans.
The more we peer into our genes, the more we discover how people from around the world have adapted to their surroundings, making them remarkably unique in a number of ways.
For example, people in Tibet and the Ethiopian highlands have ‘evolved’ to better adapt to living at extremely high altitudes.
People in East Africa and Northern Europe have adopted a genetic mutation that allows them to better digest milk as adults.
And now, scientists reported a new type of genetic mutation different from the above-mentioned in sea-dwelling people in Southeastern Asia.
This genetic mutation allows them to become exceptional divers.
According to experts, the Bajau people, who are scattered in several communities across Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines have evolved to longer survive underwater.
“They are simply a stranger to the land,” said Rodney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii anthropologist who studies the Bajau but was not involved in the new study.
Scientists studied the extraordinary capacity of the Bajau and have reached a conclusion: they can spend minutes without breathing thanks to a genetic mutation that has caused, among other things, to develop a bigger spleen.
This organ, among other functions, can store oxygen-bearing red blood cells.
In their study, whose results were published in the journal Cell, the scientists were guided by previous studies on Seals.
As it turns out, some species of seals can dive longer than others. These Seals have spleens larger than expected.
Inspired by this unexpected find, the team of scientists used an ultrasound device to measure the spleen in 43 people from the Bajau and 33 people from a neighboring group of farmers, the Saluan.
Scientists found that one variant of a gene called PDE10A influenced the size of Spleens in the Bajau people. Experts found that people with one copy of the mutant gene had much larger spleens that people with one. Scientists also found that people who have two copies of the mutant gene had even bigger spleens.
However, scientists found this surprising, as they’ve never found a special role for PDE10A in the spleen.
“This connection was a bit bizarre,” Dr. Ilardo concluded.
According to TechTimes, Dr. Melissa Ilardo said that Bajau people were almost like “super-humans” and that had “extraordinary” capabilities but also stated that natural selection is much more powerful than realized and should be given more credit.
Dr. Ilardo also said that she was excited to share her findings with the Bajau people as she felt that they understood the “science” behind her research and to satisfy their curiosity about the world and themselves.
“It seemed like the perfect opportunity for natural selection to act on a population,” said Dr. Ilardo.
In the dark, frozen wasteland that lies just beyond Neptune, few things really stand out — and now, astronomers have found one of them: a carbon-rich asteroid, the first asteroid of its kind to be discovered at the outskirts of our solar system.
Artistic depiction of the exiled asteroid 2004 EW95, the first carbon-rich asteroid confirmed to exist in the Kuiper Belt and a relic of the primordial solar system.
Image credits: ESO/M. Kornmesser.
It really shouldn’t be there, and as it so often happens in such studies, researchers first thought it was a mistake. Astronomers would have expected this kind of space rock in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter but instead, it was drifting along just beyond Neptune.
The asteroid, which was named 2004 EW95, might be the first of a new class of space objects lurking the frigid area we call the Kuiper belt — the circumstellar disc in the outer Solar System, extending outward from the orbit of Neptune.
So how did the asteroid, which likely originated in the inner parts of our solar system, migrate so much?
It probably has a lot to do with our solar systems’ gas giants, which, in their infancies, caused quite a ruckus in the solar systems. During their early days, the gas giants probably orbited much closer to the Sun than they do today. But they started their outwards migration not long after the solar system was formed, and as they did so, they created all sorts of chaos.
Among this chaos, chunks of ice and rock such as 2004 EW95 were hurled away, which explains how it could have gotten there — and it also supports previous theoretical models of early planetary evolution. But even more interestingly, this means that the asteroid (and others of its kind) could provide insight as to how the solar system looked in its earlier days.
A lone rock far away from home
It’s not the first time objects that originated in the inner solar system were found so far away, but none were confirmed to the level of quality of 2004 EW95. It all started when Tom Seccull, a doctoral student at Queen’s University Belfast in Northern Ireland, used the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope to look at the light signatures of icy objects in the Kuiper Belt. When they found a 90-mile-long object, located 2.5 billion miles from Earth, something just wasn’t right — the object wasn’t exhibiting the same properties as its neighbors. Further analysis revealed that the object did not share the same icy past as other rocks drifting nearby. Instead, it appeared to have formed in a hotter environment, closer to the Sun.
“When we first looked at this, we thought it was wrong,” said Mr. Seccull, the lead author of the paper published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters. “The rock had been altered by the presence of liquid water.”
The team also determined the asteroid’s chemistry, using a technique called spectrometry. Since Kuiper Belt Object 2004 EW95 has a strong spectrum, its light can be broken down into different wavelengths, enabling researchers to determine what the asteroid is made of. However, identifying the chemical composition of such a distant object is extremely difficult.
The dramatic distance and the asteroid’s relatively small size make it an extremely difficult target to track, and the fact that it features carbon molecules, which makes it appear darker in color, doesn’t make it any easier.
“It’s like observing a giant mountain of coal against the pitch-black canvas of the night sky,” said Thomas Puzia, an astronomer at the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile and co-author of the research paper.
Still, the team was able to overcome these difficulties, finding that the asteroid contains carbon, iron oxides, and phyllosilicates (sheet-like silicate minerals). This is the first object ever found in the Kuiper belt containing these elements, all of which indicate that the asteroid formed in the inner parts of the Solar System.
With all this information, the research team concluded that 2004 EW95 probably formed between Mars and Jupiter, and was dragged along as the gas giants moved to their current orbits, thus offering important information about the dynamics of the early solar system.
We should also probably be thankful for this migration of the gas giants. Astronomers have found strong evidence that in many cases, these planets don’t move outwards, and stay in very close orbit to the Sun, creating what is called Hot Jupiters. Hot Jupiters are believed to deter the formation of rocky planets such as the Earth.
Whatsmore, as they migrate, they can destroy everything in their path, including the proto-Earth. So we should be grateful that they moved in just the right way to allow our planet to be formed, and ultimately, enable a species of primates we call humans emerge and evolve on this blue dot we claim as home.
The study “2004 EW95: A Phyllosilicate-bearing Carbonaceous Asteroid in the Kuiper Belt” by T. Seccull et al., which appeared in The Astrophysical Journal Letters.
NASA’s Galileo shuttle has found evidence of water plumes on Jupiter’s Moon Europa, transporting material from the internal ocean out into space. This not only confirms that Europa has liquid water beneath its frozen surface, but opens up the possibility of sampling Europa’s water without needing to get down to the surface.
A graphic showing water emissions detected above Europa in Hubble Space Telescope observations from December 2012.
Credit: NASA/ESA/L. Roth/SWRI/University of Cologne.
When people first considered the possibility of extraterrestrial life, the Moon or Venus seemed likely candidates. Then, as we understood that isn’t really the case, Mars became the main point of interest. But once again, rovers showed that life isn’t really thriving on Mars — though that might have been the case at some point in the past. Now, unlikely candidates have emerged: frigid satellites like Europa.
Europa is archetypical of the outer Solar System’s ‘ocean worlds’ — frozen satellites with liquid water hidden beneath a few kilometers of ice. Naturally, an ocean of warm, liquid water sounds like a great place for life to emerge and develop — but how do you study that? The most straightforward way would be to send a lander to places like Europa, drill through the ice, and take samples, but that’s problematic for numerous reasons.
First, it would be extremely costly and pose several technical difficulties. Not only do you need to somehow land on the rough and unforgiving ice, but you also need to drill several kilometers deep. Then, there’s also the risk of contamination, the problem of analyzing the results, and about a million things that could go wrong in the process. But there’s another way which might offer similar results: instead of digging down to the liquid water, what if the liquid water comes to us?
Telescope observations have indicated the existence of water plumes — columns of liquid water flowing to the surface, and even way above it. In 2012 and 2016, Hubble Space Telescope observed plume-like phenomena, but it’s still unclear if what Hubble saw was actually a plume, since the observation was made very close to the telescope’s maximum resolution.
Now, however, NASA has found much clearer evidence of these plumes, thanks to the Galileo spacecraft.
Galileo studied the planet Jupiter and its moons from 1989 to 2004. Looking through the data of a Europa flyby, Xianzhe Jia and colleagues spotted something unusual. During this flyby, which dropped below 400 km altitude, the shuttle’s magnetic instruments detected some unusual magnetic waves and plasma — which they interpreted as a plume.
Reconstructing Galileo’s path, they found that the magnetic anomaly coincides with a region of anomalous temperatures. This unusually hot area can only be fully explained by a transport of heat from Europa’s interior — something was carrying heat from Europa’s depths to the surface. In other words, all the evidence points towards a plume.
This finding could be extremely helpful for future missions to Europa, such as NASA’s Europa Clipper and ESA’s Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer spacecraft, which are scheduled to arrive in Jupiter’s system in the 2020s and 2030s respectively. Being able to study surface water or even better, plumes high up in the atmosphere would make a big difference for these missions.
It’s also not just Europa — Saturn’s moons Enceladus and Titan are also top priorities for extraterrestrial life in our solar system, and they’re also frozen moons with a subsurface ocean of liquid water. We certainly live in exciting times.
Journal Reference: “Xianzhe Jia et al. Evidence of a plume on Europa from Galileo magnetic and plasma wave signatures,” Nature Astronomy. DOI 10.1038/s41550-018-0450-z.
REUTERSEen mozaïekbeeld van Jupiters ijsmaan Europa samengesteld uit beelden van NASAsonde Galileo.
WETENSCHAPEr zouden wel degelijk “jets” van waterdamp op het oppervlak van de Jupitermaan Europa zijn. Dit blijkt uit nieuwe gegevens die vandaag werden gepubliceerd in het wetenschappelijk tijdschrift Nature Astronomy. De hoop op leven op het hemellichaam kan daarmee weer stijgen.
De Amerikaanse sonde Galileo, die van 1995 tot 2003 het Jupiterstelsel heeft geëxploreerd, zag reeds aanwijzingen voor de aanwezigheid van een oceaan van vloeibaar water die twee keer zoveel water zou omvatten als alle oceanen op Aarde samen. Die oceaan zou onder een extreem koude en harde ijskorst liggen. Het Amerikaanse ruimtevaartbureau NASA zag daarop Europa als één van de meest plausibele plaatsen voor buitenaards leven in ons zonnestelsel.
Op basis van data van de Amerikaans-Europese Hubble Ruimtetelescoop opperden vanaf 2012 astronomen de aanwezigheid van bundels van waterdamp op de Jupitermaan.
Zonder het bestaan ervan te bewijzen doen nieuwe data van de Galileo, verkregen tijdens een overvliegen van Europa in 1997, de balans opnieuw naar die mogelijkheid overhellen. Volgens de nieuwe studie laten immers veranderingen in het magnetisch veld en plasma rondom de maan zich gemakkelijk verklaren door de aanwezigheid van “jets” van waterdamp.
Indien die geisers er effectief zijn, kunnen zij op een dag de mogelijkheid bieden om met behulp van robots stalen te nemen van het water dat zich onder de ijskorst bevindt. Zodoende is boren doorheen de ijslaag, waarvan de dikte onbekend is, niet nodig. Zo is ook onderzoek naar mogelijke tekenen van leven mogelijk.
Zowel de VS als het Europese Ruimtevaartbureau ESA plannen respectievelijk met de sondes Europa Clipper en Juice naar Europa te trekken. De verkenners zouden tussen het einde van het volgende decennium en het begin van de jaren dertig het Jupiterstelsel moeten bereiken.
AFPVermoedelijke bundels van waterdamp (links onderaan) op Europa
The Sumerians and their cuneiform language have done it again. Tablets found in Bassetki, in the Autonomous Region of Kurdistan in Iraq, have been translated by a cuneiform expert and they indicate that the location was once the ancient and lost royal city of Mardaman, which was mentioned in many writings but never found. The tablets date back to around 1250 BCE and give details about this mysterious city and kingdom that once occupied a powerful position on the trade routes between Mesopotamia, Anatolia and Syria.
The translation of the 92 tablets, discovered in the summer of 2017, was announced last week by the University of Tübingen’s Institute for Ancient Near Eastern Studies where the archeologists, led by Professor Peter Pfälzner, are based. The translation was performed by University of Heidelberg philologist Dr. Betina Faist, one of the world’s few experts in cuneiform, who worked both with some of the small, crumbling tablets and with detailed photographs of those too fragile to be handled. The translations give a clear location of the lost city and change some previously-held assumptions. (Photos of the excavation and tablets here.)
Example of cuneiform – Gilgamesh Flood Tablet
Some information about Mardaman had been gleaned previously from other sources. It appears to have started between 2800 BCE and 2650 BCE and its history of destruction and rebuilding began around 2250 BC when it was destroyed by the Akkadian Empire led by Naram-Sin. Later Babylonian sources mention Mardaman being rebuilt, only to be destroyed again in 1786 BCE by Shamshi-Adad I and integrated into the Upper Mesopotamian empire. It became an independent kingdom for a time, but was then destroyed by the Turukkaeans from the Zagros Mountains. Most historians defined this as the end of Mardaman and the beginning of its designation as a lost city.
The cuneiform tablets have changed that. They show Mardaman continuing to exist as a Middle Assyrian trade powerhouse until around 1200 BCE, which was about the time they were written. In fact, it appears the tablets were stored in pottery in the governor’s palace of Assur-nasir and were preserved under its post-destruction rubble … perhaps intentionally, says Pfälzner.
“[They] may have been hidden this way shortly after the surrounding building had been destroyed. Perhaps the information [the tablets contain] was meant to be protected and preserved for posterity.”
Example of cuneiform – Tablet V of Epic of Gilgamesh
Why were they preserved? Cuneiform is the oldest documented language and, because it seems to have simply appeared rather than evolved, it has often been linked to ancient aliens. Without it, we would not have the literary works of Mesopotamia such as Epic of Gilgamesh and would not know that other documents besides the Bible contained stories of a Garden of Eden, a great flood and biblical figures such as Job.
Why did the last residents of the lost city of Mardaman hide these tablets in hopes that future generations or civilizations would find them?
Did two UFOs just leave the earth or was something fired from earth into space. Conspiracy Depot spotted the two anomalies on the ISS live feed on May 13, 2018.
He noticed each anomaly as he was reviewing the footage in slow motion as they must be moving at an incredible speed.
After the two anomalies a purple colored anomaly became visible on the live feed.
UFO Flying Beneath A Plane With A Fire Glowing Light Wakes Up Passenger Onboard
UFO Flying Beneath A Plane With A Fire Glowing Light Wakes Up Passenger Onboard
A strange brightly coloured UFO flying beneath an aircraft woke up a passenger with a confused expression on their face.
A man known only as Mr Chang captured the strange event on a video, which shows a bright line of fire.
The bizarre footage was taken during a flight over Texas
(Image: Secure Team 10 / YouTube)
A plane passenger woke up to see a 'UFO' in the sky outside
(Image: Secure Team 10 / YouTube)
The footage was taken on a domestic US flight from Atlanta to LA, according to YouTube channel Secure Team 10, which has been exposing UFO sighting videos.
The passenger, who had taken the clip, claimed that he observed a strange object hovering nearby after he woke up due to a raging thunderstorm.
He further stated that he saw lightning flashes around a thin cigar-shaped object through the window.
While travelling through the skies, it appears to shadow the plane.
Mr Chang believed that during that time they were above Texas, and he only managed to take a few seconds of video through his phone before it went out of battery.
Tyler Glockner, a UFO enthusiast, said that the footage was one of the bizarre footage that was taken from an aircraft he had seen.
Viewers of the video have been debating whether the light that was seen was a UFO or just the light on the wing of the plane.
The lightning appears to be below the bright line which might indicate that the light on the video is a part of the plane.
Some other viewers think that it may be a reflection of a laptop screen or sunlight based on the break of the clouds that is shown in the video.
Life on Mars: 'Fossilised skull' found on Red Planet evidence of ancient alien UFOs?
Life on Mars: 'Fossilised skull' found on Red Planet evidence of ancient alien UFOs?
IMAGES of what appears to be a fossilised skull hidden in the dusty fields of Mars has stunned UFO hunters, sparking excitement signs of extraterrestrial life on Mars have finally been found.
LIfe on Mars claim: Do these images show a fossilised skull on the Red Planet?
Online UFO hunter and self-titled space journalist Joe White, 45, claims to have stumbled upon the remnants of an ancient extraterrestrial inhabitant of Mars.
The bizarre claim surfaced online after Mr White spent hours trawling through photographs captured by NASA’s Mars Curiosity Rover.
The peculiar images of a rock formation oddly resembling the shape of a skull have no been shared online on Mr White's YouTube channel ArtAlienTV.
In the video description, the UFO hunter speculates: “A giant bird, a giant’s skull and other mysterious structures and objects on Mars.
“Ignore the official dogma and use your own eyes.”
According to Mr White, the skull in question measures a staggering two feet, which would make its owner roughly 15 feet in height.
He then says in the video: “This looks like a giant skull with a jawbone here and maybe an eye socket here and another here.
"These to me look like teeth – can you see them? One, two, three, four, five, six. Possibly seven.
“And this looks like jawbone. So could this be another mud fossil, artefact or specimen should I say, encrusted into the mud and dried out?”
The video has been seen more than 8,000 since being uploaded the viewers were thrilled by the finding.
One YouTube comment, posted by Lee Roberts, reads: “Outstanding finds. The large skull has detail that’s indisputable.
“And its dead-on at you. Big thanks for this.”
Lauren Piantino wrote: “There is so much more out there, on Mars, to be discovered, and so much that NASA won't be able to obfuscate.
“Moreover, they can no longer hide behind black and white images.”
George Mair also commented: “That skull could that be a carving on a large wooden pole or tree on its side?
ALIEN ART TV
The supposed alien skull belonged to a large humanoid around 15 feet in height
ALIEN ART TV
The UFO hunter admitted it could all be a case of Pareidolia
“There is so much in this picture. Amazing stuff.”
This look like a giant skull with a jawbone
Joe White, Alien Art TV
However, there is a much simpler explanation for the images seen in the video and Mr White briefly touched upon it himself in the video.
The appearance of the skull in the Martian rock comes down to the psychological phenomenon known as Pareidolia.
Pareidolia is a little trick of the brain which causes people to see hopes and patterns where they do not exist.
UFO hunters will often falsely assume oddly shaped rocks or shadows on the moon or Mars are evidence of long-lost ancient aliens civilisations.
Mr White says in the video: “Now this also might be a case Pareidolia, or some holes in the rock.”
Cosmologist Carl Sagan addressed Pareidolia in 1995, arguing it was a survival tool developed by prehistoric humans to recognise foes from friends.
He also theorised: “As soon as the infant can see, it recognizes faces, and we now know that this skill is hardwired in our brains.
“Those infants who a million years ago were unable to recognise a face smiled back less, were less likely to win the hearts of their parents, and less likely to prosper.”
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Stranger Things: Nine Alleged US Combat Drones Recorded on Camera in Texas
Stranger Things: Nine Alleged US Combat Drones Recorded on Camera in Texas
A video filmed in Dallas showing unidentified objects in the night sky has prompted netizens to believe that the United States may have been testing a “secret project.”
The footage, recorded by Alfredo Cruz, has baffled the Internet, with many laying out conspiracy theories as the man witnessed a bizarre phenomenon that he described as the military “testing secret spaceships they don’t tell us about.” Someone else next to Cruz, however, pointed out that the objects looked like UFOs, having counted nine of them.
YouTube enthusiasts have come up with various theories on what they actually saw:
“The US military are 20 years in front any other country with advanced technology. I wouldn’t be surprised if it’s them!” wrote a user under nickname Nicky Boy.
Another user, theenitehawk, voiced a similar point of view:
“Military ufos [sic], they do have technology like this, watch out.”
“It’s the way they all move at the same time in the sky, synchronized flight formation, weird,” said Joanne B.
In March, an aircraft passenger noticed an unusual orange triangle in his pictures of the rising sun in Texas, with many UFOmaniacs on the web labeling the phenomenon a “strange, flaming-looking triangular UFO.” Others, however, speculated that the mysterious craft could have been the TR-3B, a purported secret government plane that can allegedly go undetected on air traffic radars.
Hull's X-Files: some of the strangest and spookiest UFO sightings in the city's history
Hull's X-Files: some of the strangest and spookiest UFO sightings in the city's history
The historian has undergone months of painstaking research to uncover some of the city's strangest sightings
By Daniel Kemp
Nothing captures the imagination quite like the supernatural.
From ghosts and ghouls to unidentified flying objects, Hull and East Yorkshire is no stranger to the paranormal.
Historian Mike Covell has been spending the past few months in painstaking research into a few of the forgotton UFO sightings from around the area.
Since May 2008, the National Archives has witnessed a slow and steady release of UFO files to the public. The files feature thousands, if not millions of files, and every time they release them, they give Ufologists, or people that study UFO’s, a short window in which they can be downloaded for free.
Local historian Mike Covell
The files, which cover between 1965 and 2008, contain numerous articles, letters, reports, eyewitness accounts, pilot testimony, police reports, drawings, maps, plans, newspaper cuttings and parliamentary questions – all linked to UFO’s.
There are newspaper cuttings, strange claims of mind control, UFO landings, crashes, and correspondence between several well-known researchers including Dr. David Clarke, Timothy Good, and Nick Redfern.
The files include sightings reported from the general public, lots of reports from Humberside Police, reports from the public to the police, reports from the public to the Hull Daily Mail, and all of the above to the Ministry of Defence and the Royal Air Force.
Some of the strangest of these include clippings from the Hull Daily Mail, scanned, photocopied, and entered into the UFO files for researchers to read in years to come.
Here are some of the highlights.
Case: DEFE-24-1971
Hull has a long history of UFO sightings
This is a file made up of reports from across the UK, but features a large section on Captain William Shaffner, who was killed when his Lightening plane ditched in the North Sea. The accident was later linked to UFO’s and as such both the Grimsby Telegraph and the Hull Daily Mail featured two page spreads on the incident on October 22, 1992 and October 23, 1992.
This file features all the pages from the Hull Daily Mail on this incident, spread across four pages of the file.
Case: DEFE-24-1972
This file also features newspaper clippings, and contains the Captain William Schaffner articles from the Hull Daily Mail. It also contains an article from the Hull Daily Mail, dated Tuesday, November 3, 1992.
The article, entitled “Making sense of lights in the sky” features the story of Mrs June Cooper, who saw lights over the region in 1970. It goes on to link her sighting with that of Captain William Schaffner, and his ill-fated flight. She claims that she believed that she saw the UFO’s that brought him down off the coast of Flamborough.
Case: DEFE-31-182-1
(Image: PA/National Archives)
This file features a report from the Hull Daily Mail dated August, 17 1993, entitled “Sightings of UFO’s on the up,” in which it states that UFO sightings in Hull and East Yorkshire are on the increase.
The claim came during a conference where a local UFO expert, named as Chris Lawson, went on record to state that the number of sightings being reported by eyewitnesses is on the increase. It goes on to include eyewitness accounts from Withernsea, and talks about national and international reports of cattle mutilations.
The file also features an article from the Hull Daily Mail, dated Friday, May 12 1993, again featuring Chris Lawson, in which it claims that UFO reports across Hull, East Yorkshire, and across the world are not only increasing, but the number of genuine reports are on the increase.
Finally this file features a newspaper clipping from the Hull Daily Mail, dated September 2, 1993, but it is nothing more than a review of the television show named Strange But True, hosted by Michael Aspel.
Case: DEFE-24-1989
This file features a report from Hull via the Ministry of Defence.
This file was one of many that was linked to a series of sightings seen over the city on the July 25 and 27 July, and August 4 1997. A number of sightings were reported to the offices of the Hull Daily Mail, which in turn were reported to the Ministry of Defence and R.A.F. Waddington.
The reporter listed in the report is unknown.
The file states:
RESTRICTED
SIC IBF/IBJ/JDA
MODUK AIR FOR AFDO.
A. 251930 HRS JUL 97 272000 HRS JUL 97 AND 042100 HURS AUG 97
B. SILVER CIGAR SHAPED OBJECT WITH SHARP POINTED WINGS WITH RED LIGHT ON ONE AN GREEN LIGHT ON THE OTHER
C. OUTSIDE
D. NAKED EYE AND BINOCULARS
E. LOOKING SOUTH FROM BEVERLEY TOWARDS THE HUMBER BRIDGE, HOVERING AT FIRST THEN MOVED OFF AT GREAT SPEED
F. LOW ION THE SKY ABOUT HALF A MILE AWAY
G. ABOUT HALF A MILE
H. HOVERING AT FIRST THEN MOVED OFF QUICKLY
I. NOT KNOWN
J. HUMBER BRIDGE
K. REPORTED BY 9 INDIVIDUALS TO THE HULL DAILY MAIL
N. AT LEAST 9 PEOPLE THE NAMES OF WHOM ARE HELD BY THE HULL DAILY MAIL
0. 1415 HRS 7 AUG 97
P. NOT KNOWN
Q. 9 REPORTS RECEIVED BY THE HULL DAILY MAIL WHO HAVE PHONED THEM THROUGH TO RAF WADDINGTON
The Hull Daily Mail has recently launched a free app which features all the latest news, sport and what’s on information. You can download it foriPhone and iPad from Apple's App Store , or get the Android version from Google Play .
Adam Murfet was filming an intense storm over Trinity Park in Cairns, Queensland, when his camera picked up some unusual activity, he told local press.
The footage was so shocking, Mr Murfet is reportedly thinking of starting a local UFO watchers group.
Speaking to the Cairns Post, he said he spotted the small object hovering, zipping around erratically before vanishing and reappearing.
He said: “It was at the end of a lightning storm, and I saw this light up in the sky.
“There as no lightning going on at the time.
“It shot up and just vanished.”
GETTY/ADAM MURFET/YOUTUBEµ
EERIE: The geologist said he spotted the object in Cairns, Australia
“It shot up and just vanished”
Adam Murfet
As soon as the light disappeared, the dark sky was struck with lightning again.
Mr Murfet has sent the footage to the US non-profit Mutual UFO Network for consideration.
He added: “I have always been fascinated by UFOs but this is the first time I have seen one.”
This comes as scientists launched a huge search for alien life in the far depths of the Milky Way.
The new project will survey millions of stars in our galaxy.
It has been backed by the Breakthrough Listen initiative, which looks for sign of intelligent life in the universe.
The Listen project is one of a huge range of Breakthrough projects, which also include awards and a planned mission to send tiny spacecraft on long missions away from the Earth.
They have been supported by many of the biggest names in science and technology, including everyone from Mark Zuckerberg to Stephen Hawking.
Photo Credit: Bob Franke / Focal Pointe Observatory
The Week's Top Space Stories
A SpaceX launch is stopped seconds before liftoff, a humanoid robot returns from the space station and astronomers listen to the "song" of an interstellar cloud. These are just some of this week's top stories from Space.com.
Photo Credit: SpaceX
1. SpaceX stops Block 5 launch
The latest and final iteration of the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket, called the "Block 5", successfully launched into orbit Friday (May 11) carrying Bangabandhu Satellite-1, the first communications satellite for Bangladesh. The mission was supposed to launch Thursday afternoon, but an automatic abort was triggered just 58 seconds before the planned launch time. SpaceX’s Block 5 version of the Falcon 9 rocket is an upgraded booster designed for maximum reusability. SpaceX hopes to launch each Block 5 Falcon 9 rocket at least 10 times before major refurbishment, which would be a giant leap forward for reusable rockets.
On May 5, NASA's InSight Mars lander lifted off from California's Vandenberg Air Force Base, making it the first interplanetary mission to launch from the U.S. West Coast. The journey to the Martian surface is expected to take seven months, and if all goes according to plan, InSight will start collecting data on the interior of Mars from a spot near the Red Planet's equator.
Astronomers recently spotted a hunk of space rock lurking in the outer reaches of our solar system that actually formed much closer to the sun. The asteroid likely formed between Mars and Jupiter, and astronomers believe the turbulent environment of the early solar system ejected the rock beyond Neptune's orbit. This asteroid could answer questions about the primordial planets.
Photo Credit: Evelyn Hockstein/The Washington Post/Getty
4. Trolls interfere with a STEM contest
Students from grades 3 to 12 were invited to partake in a NASA student science competition, but the agency was forced to shut down its public voting phase after internet trolls negatively targeted a black female team. According to the Washington Post, the team consisted of three 11th graders who developed a project to make water fountains potable inside schools with lead-contaminated pipes.
Photo Credit: T.A. Rector (NRAO/AUI/NSF and NOAO/AURA/NSF) and B.A. Wolpa (NOAO/AURA/NSF
5. The sun and the death glow
In a recently published study, scientists tried to figure out if the sun will leave behind a ghostly dust halo and the end of its life. While anestimated 90 percent of dying stars emit this cloudy glow, computer models established decades ago suggested that the sun would have to be about twice its mass to illuminate the dust and gas surrounding it at these final stages.
On May 6, nearly 600 workers across three United Launch Alliance (ULA) sites went on strike after a vote to reject the company's proposed three-year contract. The machinists are members of the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers.
Robonaut 2 (R2), the world's first humanoid robot in space, launched in 2011 as part of a mission to create a robotics research platform on the International Space Station. On May 5, it descended back to Earth so that project scientists can repair short-circuit damage caused by two of R2's components.
The formation process behind Musca, an interstellar cloud in the sky just south of the Southern Cross constellation, is revealed in a new 3D map. A pair of astronomers constructed these detailed maps to advance scientists' understanding of how stars are born. They did so by watching the cloud "sing" with magnetic vibrations.
Photo Credit: China Great Wall Industry Corporation
9. Thirteenth launch for China this year
A Chinese communications satellite weighing 5-metric-tons successfully entered into a geostationary-transfer orbit this week. The launch of the Apstar-6C satellite is China's thirteenth launch this year, and the fifth to take off from Xichang Satellite Launch Center in southwest China.
NASA chief Jim Bridenstine is defending the space agency directive laid out by the Trump administration, which tasks NASA with returning to the moon before going to Mars. In Bridenstine's first major address as NASA administrator, he offered no new initiatives to reach the Red Planet, but said that lunar-focused projects would be complementary to them.
This Is The Largest And Oldest Wheel Found On Earth
This Is The Largest And Oldest Wheel Found On Earth
According to history books, the wheel was ‘invented’ in ancient Mesopotamia, around 3500 BCE and possibly as early as 4000 BCE. However, the oldest and largest wheel on Earth was discovered in 2002 in Slovenia. The wheel dates back around 5,300 years, but could possibly be even older.
If we take a look at our history books, well find that the invention of the wheel has been credited to the Late Neolithic and may have arisen together with a number of other technological advances that kickstarted the Bronze age.
However, many civilizations, including the Incas and the Aztecs, did not have wheeled vehicles.
The oldest graphic representations of the wheel come from ancient depictions in the city of Ur (which date back to around 3500 BC), in present-day Iraq, but no physical remains of the wheels have been found there.
From there, it is believed that the invention spread quickly across the rest of the world.
Ancient Sumeria, home place of the wheel?
It is believed that the ancient Sumerians introduced a number of technologies that had never before been seen in the world.
The wheel, say experts, was one such technology.
According to historians the ancient Halaf (Syria) culture of 6500–5100 BCE is sometimes credited with the earliest depiction of a wheeled vehicle, but this is doubtful as there is no evidence of Halafians using either wheeled vehicles or even pottery wheels.
But have you ever wondered about where the oldestdiscoveredwheel is located?
Despite the fact that the Sumerians are credited with the ‘invention’ of the wheel, the oldest wheen on Earth was not found in Mesopotamia, but in Europe.
The Ljubljana Marshes Wheel, the oldest and largest wheel discovered on Earth
In 2002, when archaeological excavations carried out in Sloveniarevealed a wooden wheel whose radiocarbon dating revealed that it was between 5,100 and 5,350 years old, the scientific community was left awestruck.
This excavation performed near Ljubljana marked the discovery of what is now considered the oldestwheel in history.
It is believed that the oldest inhabitants settled in the region as early as 9,000years ago; in the Mesolithic, they built temporary residences on isolated rocks in the marsh and on the fringe and they lived by hunting and gathering.
The discovery of the Slovenian wheel kickstarted a debate among archaeologists who wondered whether it was possible that the wheel had not been invented by the Sumerians, but by an ancient culture in Europe, or whether the wheel appeared simultaneously, on two locations, separated perhaps by a few hundred years?
The Age of the LjubljanaMarshesWheel was obtained by studies performed by the VERA laboratory (Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator) in Vienna, which used measurements of the strata in the ground and the rings of trees in the area where it was found, as well as the radiocarbon dating.
The ancient wheel was discovered by a team of Slovene archeologists from the Ljubljana Institute of Archaeology, as part of the Research Center at the Slovene Academy of Arts and Sciences, lead by Anton Velušček.
According to experts, this ancient wheel, discovered in 2002 in a marshy area near the Slovenian capital, is at least a century older than its counterparts found in Switzerland and Germany, which were considered until the discovery of the Slovenian wheel the oldest existing examples.
But in addition of being the oldest example on Earth, experts say that the importance of the Slovenian wheel resides in the fact that “in addition to its exceptional antiquity, this wheel and axle are incredibly technologically advanced”.
The wheel has a radius of 72 centimeters (28 in) and was made of ash wood.
Its 124-c124-centimeter-long) axle is made of oak.
According to experts, the axle was attached to the wheels with oak wood wedges, which meant that the axle rotated together with the wheels.
The wheel was made from a tree that grew in the vicinity of the pile dwellings and at the time of the wheel, construction was approximately 80 years old.
It is believed that this ancient wheel was most likely part of a prehistoric two-wheel cart – a pushcart and this technology shows that there was already a long tradition and experience in the development of wheels and axles in the region.
After researchers recovered around 90 cuneiform tablets from the ancient Assyrian empire, philologists translated them and identified the location of a lost ancient city that existed some 4,800 years ago.
The 92 clay tablets belonging to the ancient Assyrian empire were discovered at the archeological site of a large Bronze Age settlement which was explored in 2017 by experts from the University of Tübingen.
The translation of the ancient writings has allowed archaeologists to identify the ruins of the lost Royal City of Mardama.
The name of the lost city was only revealed when 92 cuneiform tablets found at the site were translated.
The cache of clay tablets date back to around 1250BC, to the Middle Assyrian empire and have been translated by University of Heidelberg philologist Betina Faist.
“To our surprise, Dr. Faist was able to identify the site as the ancient city of Mardama,” the archaeologists said.
“This important northern Mesopotamian city is cited in ancient sources, but we didn’t know where it lay.”
“It existed between 2200 and 1200 BC, was at times a kingdom or a provincial capital, and was conquered and destroyed several times.”
One of the clay tablets on the floor of the palace of the Assyrian governor, and a broken ceramic vessel.
The ancient city of Mardama was mentioned in a number of ancient sources, but no one has been able to determine its exact location until now.
The ancient city is believed to have existed between 2,200 BC and 2,100 BC and reached its peak between 1900 BC and 1700 BC.
The ancient city is believed to have been conquered by the Akkadian empire but eventually regained its independence under a Hurrian monarch called Tish-Ulme.
The city then followed a period of prosperity, until it was destroyed by the Turukku from the Zagros mountains, who are sometimes identified as the Sea People.
However, this was not the end of the city. Mardama continued to exist until the era in which the Assyrians ruled over it, during which the recently discovered clay tablets were written.
Ancient writings from the Third Dynasty of Ur, between the years 2100 and 2000 BC portray Mardama as an important city on the northern periphery of the Mesopotamian empire.
“Mardama certainly rose to be an influential city and a regional kingdom, based on its position on the trade routes between Mesopotamia, Anatolia, and Syria,” said professor Peter Pfälzner, a professor of ancient near-Eastern archaeology at the University of Tübingen in the statement.
“At times, it was an adversary of the great Mesopotamian powers.”
The ancient tablets mentioned the city being part of the powerful Assyria empire, and that it was the home of an Assyrian ruler believed to have been called Assur-Nasir.
In addition, the ancient clay tablets offer unprecedented insight into the history and lives of the people of the ancient city of Mardama, as well as never-before-seen details about its administration, economy, and commerce.
However, most importantly, the recently-uncovered clay tablets not only show the location of the city which remained lost for thousands of years, but it offers important historical accounts of that time in history.
Now, thanks to the tablets, experts can understand so much more about the cultures and civilizations that ruled the region.
In the near future, experts will continue studying ancient clay tablets hoping to discover more ancient cities that may have existed in ancient Mesopotamia.
Une famille de Mareeba, une ville située de l’État de Queensland en Australie, a raconté avoir repéré un étrange OVNI se comportant de manière incohérente au-dessus de Kennedy Highway vers 21h le jeudi 10 mai 2018.
Saphira Mueller a d'abord pensé que cette lumière était une fusée éclairante ou un ballon. Toutefois, elle a été incapable d'expliquer les incroyables caractéristiques physiques de cet objet non identifié. En effet, il était capable de prendre des virages en épingle à cheveux avec une aisance extraordinaire tout en accélérant subitement.
« Je n'ai jamais rien vu de tel dans ma vie », a déclaré Mme Mueller.
« Moncompagnonet ma fille étaient avec moi, ils ont ététous les deuxsurpris. »
Elle a dit qu'au départ l'objet se déplaçait lentement, mais qu'ensuite les choses sont devenues … étranges.
« Il se déplaçait dansdesdirectionsvraiment étranges :enhaut,sur lescôtés,enbas. »
«Ilbougeait si vite ... Je pensais que mes yeux me jouaientuntour. »
Le co-organisateur du festival Cardwell UFO, Nic Zynaras, a déclaré que l'extrême nord du Queensland était devenu, ces dernières années, une « zone chaude » non officielle pour les observations d'OVNI.
« Toute la régionconnaît une certaineactivité », a déclaré M. Zynaras.
« Les observations sont souventattribuées ou non à desOVNI. »
Il a dit que les objets vus par les observateurs défiaient souvent les lois de la physique.
« L'inertie[de ces OVNI]tuerait les occupantsà bordselon nos normes delaphysique.Ils sont capables de foncerà des vitesses qui défient la logique », a déclaré M. Zynaras.
« Parfois, ils disparaissent etpartent sans laisser de trace. »
Il pense que ces objets pourraient être d'origine militaire, extraterrestre ou même inter dimensionnel.
« Ils vont à des vitesses différentes, certains brillent, d'autres pas. »
Il a dit que le festival d'OVNI qui a lieu au mois d'octobre est une chance de comparer les nombreux témoignages recueillis un peu partout.
« Nous constatons que beaucoup de gens ont vécu des expériences similaires. »
Ni l'Autorité de la sécurité de l'aviation civile ni Airservices Australia ne tiennent de registre des observations d'OVNI, ce qui rend les enquêtes des ufologues plus difficiles …
Is Teleportation Hypothetically Possible In The Universe?
Is Teleportation Hypothetically Possible In The Universe?
What is the chance that humans or aliens somewhere in the Universe have mastered Teleportation?
First, let’s assume it is somehow possible…
I go to the nearest teleportation station after my delicious breakfast of toaster strudel this morning (let’s say in Tampa, FL) to go back to my home (which is in Winnipeg, MB, around 2040 Kms away). I buy the ticket, stand on the pedestal and wait for the transmission to happen while I thumb through the latest copy of “Fate” magazine. The warning light flashes and I get disintegrated into millions of particles, ready to be sent to the station at the destination. Due to some bug, the assembly process doesn’t go well at the destination pedestal. AND BOOM! I’m DEAD. Worst case, the signal never reaches the destination station. I would DIE just because of a transmission error/ reception error due to bad weather or cosmic conditions. HTCP (Human Transmission Control Protocol) would have been nice.
Even if it is possible, it won’t be safe.
It is very safe to say that teleportation is NOT possible in our universe – at least not the kind of teleportation that is seen in Star Trek. To see why let’s assume a human being weighs 70 kg. That would mean that there are at least 7*1027 atoms in the average human body (70 kg of carbon in atoms). With that one number, let’s consider each of the possible proposed teleportation technologies.
Quantum Teleportation:
The physicists or science writers who use the term “teleportation” for this quantum effect are trying for a sensational title to tout their work and to attract attention. This quantum kind of teleportation is not really anything at all like the teleportation in Star Trek. This is transferring the quantum state of one single particle to another single particle some distance away. The neat thing is that you can do this quantum “teleportation” even if you do not know the quantum state of the original particle. But even if this worked perfectly, you would need to apply this 7*1027times to duplicate a human body. However, you need a lot more than just the quantum states to be correct for each atom, you also need the get the positions of all the atoms correct. That problem is addressed in the next method, but it is safe to say that this method of teleportation is for all practical purposes impossible.
Destructive scanning of a body, transmitting the information and then reconstructing the body:
To have a scanner that can record the position of every atom in the body to an accuracy of the order of the size of a hydrogen atom would require position accuracy of about 10X1010^-10meters. To get that accuracy over a distance of order 1 meter this would require 30 decimal digits which would be about 100 binary digits per atom. However there would be a lot of redundancy in this data, so let’s be optimistic and assume you could compress this down to 1 bit per atom, so we still need approximately 7*1027 bits of data to just specify the positions of all the atoms in a human body. A Zettabyte is the approximate data storage capacity of all the computers and storage devices in the world today is at most a few zettabytes (1 zettabyte = 1021 bytes). Therefore the data for the scan of one human would require roughly 10,000 times the total storage of all the data stored on earth right now.
The total traffic on the entire world wide web/internet was about 27,000 petabytes per month in 2011. At that rate, it would take over 3 million years to transmit the bits needed to specify the positions of all the atoms in the body.
Even if you can store and transmit this data and then store it again at the destination, you still have the problem of scanning the original body and constructing the final body. The scanning of the body will probably have to be destructive since you need to essentially take the body apart to get to the inner atoms of the body. So you had better be able to do the scanning in a very short period of time or the person will die during the scanning operation and you will end up reconstructing a dead person at the destination. Finally, you cannot take a long time to construct the body at the destination since the early parts you construct will die while you are finishing the construction of the later parts. It is safe to say that this method of teleportation is for all practical purposes impossible.
Wormholes Wormholes are not really teleportation, they are really a way of travelling faster than the speed of light. So in that sense, it is better than teleportation, but is it possible? Well, first of all, according to general relativity, a wormhole is very unstable and will quickly collapse. The only known way to keep a wormhole open is to use a hypothetical form of matter that has negative energy density. Of course, we have never found or created any kind of matter that has a negative energy density and we have no theory that would predict how to construct the matter with the negative energy density that would be required.
Even if we could construct an object with negative energy density, that does not allow the construction of a wormhole, it would only enable us to stabilize an existing wormhole and prevent it from collapsing. We have no known way to create wormholes in the first place. If we could somehow create a wormhole and prop it open wide enough to use it, the energy requirements would be astronomical. It would likely take more energy than the sun produces to create such a wormhole for even a few seconds. Even if we had a stabilized wormhole, the curvature of space-time in the interior of the wormhole would be very extreme and would certainly spaghettified any object trying to transverse the wormhole in the same way that black holes and their singularities tidally disrupt objects.
Finally, wormholes allow time travel which violates causality and there are good physics arguments that would say that causality violations are not permitted in our universe. Therefore there may be some fundamental physical principle that makes wormholes impossible. It is safe to say that this method of teleportation is for all practical purposes impossible.
Teleportation…No. Tele-duplication, YES, absolutely will happen in some format…
The replication of inert data patterns exists today and can be transmitted and printed in 2D and 3D formats. It hasn’t happened with organic or living matter to my knowledge, but it’s reasonable to assume that technology will progress and data patterns for the organic matter will be transmitted at some point. It will be required that an “ink cartridge” for that matter must be in place. Whether that’s some polymer or vat of goo is TBD.
The salient point is that I can fax, email or print a document in 2D or 3D, and the original document or pattern is unchanged. The paper or material at the receiving end is a replica, not a transported version of the original object. It’s a copy. If a hypothetical 3D printer had a cartridge of the organic material comprising a pig, and you had a file with the correct pattern, then you could print bacon. But once you did, you would still have the original file. On the Starship Enterprise, you’d have a vat of goo, from which you’d make bacon, but you’d still have the file bacon.cfg after you’d made breakfast.
Asimov, Heinlein, Clark and others far smarter than I have addressed this topic in ways that have captivated me for decades. A person/consciousness could transmit to the moon or an alien planet, and the duel existence of the original and transmitted copy would make for a damn fine sci-fi story.
The transmission of a copy of organic matter will be within our technical reach in the near future. The transport of a specific organic entity and its consciousness transcends technology, going to a metaphysical or religious realm that is unknowable at this point.
Summary
It is very safe to say that there is no method for teleportation of human bodies that could possibly work or be practical in our universe. Sorry, Star Trek fans a “Heisenberg Compensator” will not help you. More importantly “Toaster Strudel” is not that tasty either.
Fly over Mars’ Neukum Crater, in this video based on images taken by ESA’s Mars Express spacecraft.
This animation, based on images by the European Space Agency’s (ESA) Mars Express spacecraft, takes you on a flyover of the Neukum Crater in the southern hemisphere of Mars. The crater is about 63 miles (102 km) wide and .6 miles (1 km) deep, with two shallow depressions and a dune field in its interior.
Neukum Crater is situated in Noachis Terra, one of the oldest known regions on Mars, dating back to at least 3.9 billion years. Here’s how ESA describes the crater:
This complex impact crater has a diverse geologic history, as indicated by various features on the crater rim and floor. Particularly striking are the dark dune fields, likely made up of volcanic material blown in and shaped by strong winds.
The crater’s shallow interior has been infilled by sediments over its history. It is also marked with two irregular depressions that may be a sign of a weaker material that has since eroded away, leaving behind some islands of more resistant material.
Over time the crater rim has undergone varying degrees of collapse, with landslides and slumped material visible in the crater walls. Many smaller craters have also overprinted the rim and pockmarked the interior since Neukum Crater was formed, highlighting its long history.
The crater is named for the German physicist and planetary scientist Gerhard Neukum, one of the founders of ESA’s Mars Express mission. Neukum led the development of the high-resolution stereo camera on Mars Express.
European Space Agency (ESA)
ESA’s Mars Express, a Mars obiter, launched in June 2003.
Bottom line: Video flyover of Mars’ Neukum Crater, based on images from ES’s Mars Express.
Asteroid 2010 WC9 will pass at about half the moon’s distance, in one of the closest approaches ever observed of an asteroid of this size. Click in for information about viewing online.
Asteroid 2010 WC9 will safely pass at about half’s the moon’s distance on Tuesday, May 15, 2018. Estimates of its size range from 197 to 427 feet (60-130 meters), making the May 15 pass one of the closest approaches ever observed of an asteroid of this size. This asteroid was “lost” and then found again. The Catalina Sky Survey in Arizona first detected it on November 30, 2010, and astronomers watched it until December 1, when it became too faint to see. They didn’t have enough observations to track its orbit fully and so predict its return. On May 8, 2018 – almost eight years later – astronomers discovered an asteroid and gave it the temporary designation ZJ99C60. Then they realized it was asteroid 2010 WC9, returning.
During the 2018 return, closest approach of asteroid 2010 WC9 will happen on May 15 at 22:05 UTC (6:05 pm EDT; translate to your time). At that time, the asteroid will be 0.53 lunar-distances from Earth (126,419 miles or 203,453 km from Earth). According to orbit calculations made by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the May 15 close approach is the closest of this particular asteroid in nearly 300 years.
Is this a large asteroid? No, not by any absolute measure. But it is larger than the estimated size of the Chelyabinsk meteor, which entered Earth’s atmosphere, breaking windows in six Russian cities and causing some 1,500 people to seek medical attention, in 2013. Estimates of asteroid 2010 WC9’s diameter range from 197 to 427 feet (60-130 meters); estimates of the Chelyabinsk meteor’s size before encountering Earth’s atmosphere center around 65 feet (20 meters).
Asteroid 2010 WC9 is an Apollo type space rock. At no time will it be visible to the eye as it sweeps past Earth. It might get as bright as magnitude +11, which would make it bright enough to be seen in amateur telescopes pointed at the correct location and time.
Asteroid 2010 WC9 is travelling though space at a speed of 28,655 miles per hour (46,116 km/h).
Want to view the asteroid online? Guy Wells at Northolt Branch Observatories in London, England – which specializes in observations of near-Earth asteroids and other small solar system objects – emailed EarthSky on Friday to say:
We are planning to broadcast this asteroid live to our Facebook page on the night of May 14, likely around midnight, if the weather forecast remains positive. The broadcast will be less than 25 minutes in duration, as the asteroid will cross our field of view within that period of time. The asteroid will be moving quite rapidly (30 arcseconds per minute). Our display will update every five seconds. We are of course collecting astrometric data whilst this is happening, but the motion of the asteroid will be apparent every five seconds!
Daniel Bamberger, also at Northolt Branch Observatories, sent along the two images below. He wrote:
We imaged this object twice: First on May 9, when it was still known by its temporary designation ZJ99C60; then again on May 10, after it was identified as asteroid 2010 WC9, which had been a lost asteroid for eight years.
It is still a faint object of 18th magnitude, but it is brightening very rapidly: 2010 WC9 will be brighter than 11th magnitude at closest approach, making it visible in a small telescope!
Bottom line: Asteroid 2010 WC9 will pass at about half the moon’s distance on May 15, 2018. It’s one of the closest approaches ever observed of an asteroid of this size. Northolt Branch Observatories in London will offer a live viewing of the asteroid on its Facebook page, starting around midnight (London time) on May 14.
The modern understanding of the Pentagon's relationship with unexplained flying phenomena has become remarkably more pointed in the last six months since the Advanced Aviation Threat Identification Programwas uncovered. Its disclosure came in between our own exclusive reporting on two very strange and well-documented encounters with strange aircraft operating in U.S. airspace. Now, new documents are coming to light that show the Department of Defense's own spy agency was also interested in subjects that border on science fiction and the even the paranormal, including warp drive, extra-dimensional manipulation, dark energy, and other highly exotic forms of space travel.
The documents were first discovered by George Knapp's I-Team, part of Las Vegas CBS affiliate Channel 8 News, which has been investigating the government's supposed connection with 'UFOs' for decades. Recently Knapp has been digging deeper into Bigelow Aerospace—which is located in Las Vegas—and its starring role in the previously classified program. It is no secret that Robert Bigelow, a former real estate developer turned inflatable space station entrepreneur, has been highly interested in UFOs, but the depth of the company's official relationship with the Defense Department regarding the topic was something entirely unheard of before the disclosure of the Defense Intelligence Agency's (DIA) Advanced Aviation Threat Identification Program occurred in December 2017.
Abbreviated AATIP, that effort, and its funding, sprang from Nevada Senator Harry Reid's interest in the topic, along with that of a Defense Intelligence Agency official. The program, which eventually cost $22 million and ran roughly between 2008 and 2012, began after Bigelow won the contract, apparently to investigate UFO sightings, along with pretty much everything else that goes along with the topic for better or worse, on behalf of the military.
A team of nearly 50 scientists, analysts, and investigators were assembled to work on the program, which was originally and very cryptically dubbed the Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA) Program before gaining its more recent moniker. The contract between the DIA and Bigelow made sure not to spell out its focus, instead referring to exotic technologies without mentioning UFOs. The I-Team writes:
"The agreement with DIA did not mention UFOs at all. It used more generic terms such as future threats and breakthrough technologies, and specified 12 focal points including, lift, propulsion, materials, versions of stealth as well as human interface and human effects."
AP Real estate mogul and Bigelow Aerospace chief Robert Bigelow.
The modern understanding of the Pentagon's relationship with unexplained flying phenomena has become remarkably more pointed in the last six months since the Advanced Aviation Threat Identification Program was uncovered. Its disclosure came in between our own exclusive reporting on two very strange and well-documented encounters with strange aircraft operating in U.S. airspace. Now, new documents are coming to light that show the Department of Defense's own spy agency was also interested in subjects that border on science fiction and the even the paranormal, including warp drive, extra-dimensional manipulation, dark energy, and other highly exotic forms of space travel.
It was under the AAWSA name that the organization funded at least two studies into advanced propulsion and space technology research that border on the fantastical. The first of these studies, dated March 29, 2010, deals with "advanced space propulsion" for faster-than-light travel, discussing theoretical physical constructs such as "spacetime-altered regions" and "gravity/antigravity" forces. The second study, which the AAWSA program published on April 2, 2010, covers similar ground, but also includes discussions about "dark energy" and "extra dimensions."
The AAWSA experts did this work under the auspices of DIA's Defense Warning Office, which makes good sense, at least conceptually. This organization first came into being in 2002 and is "charged with identifying sources of increasing threats to U.S. interests in critical regions," according to an official briefing.
DIA VIA LAS VEGAS CHANNEL 8 One of the figures from the March 2010 report.
"This office will also identify opportunities to affect adversary behavior prior to and in the early stages of a crisis." that presentation notes. In 2003, these tasks expanded to also include work "to provide the earliest possible warning of technological developments that could undermine U.S. military preeminence."
UFO sightings are often indications of advanced and secret military aircraft research and development projects. Having a team of experts try and determine if any of the reports translated to real programs, especially those that potential opponents such as Russia or China might have been working on, would be well with DIA's mandate for the office.
That AAWSA team would have delved into known developments in associated fields would also make sense in this context. If America's adversaries were rapidly advancing toward practical warp drives and other advanced propulsion and space research, DIA would definitely want to know in order to help inform U.S. policy responses.
"These studies are so loaded with information," Senator Reid reportedly said at one point, according to Las Vegas' Channel 8. "One thing we learned is over the decades a lot of things happen there's no explanation for. Well there are now.
TOM WILLIAMS/CQ ROLL CALL VIA AP
Nevada Senator Harry Reid.
But the applicability of these studies to the Defense Warning Office's core mission seems dubious, as do portions of the underlying research itself. Neither report suggested that the technology they described was anywhere near practical or that any foreign government was close to achieving a relevant breakthrough.
"This paper has considered the possibility—even likelihood—that future developments with regard to advanced aerospace technologies will trend in the direction of manipulating the underlying spacetime structure of the vacuum of space itself by processes that can be called vacuum engineering or metric engineering," the March 2010 study says in its final discussion section. "Far from being simply a fanciful concept, a significant literature exists in peer-reviewed, Tier 1 physics publications in which the topic is explored in detail."
"The idea that a sufficiently advanced technology may interact with, and acquire direct control over, the higher dimensions is a tantalizing possibility, and one that is most certainly worthy of deeper investigation," the second document concludes. "Of course, this may not be actualized until many years in the future, but consider the many spectacular physical phenomena that are believed to be true at this early point in the 21st century."
What these statements do clearly reflect is the vision of the primary "contractor" for these studies, EarthTech International, Inc., a small firm headquartered in Austin, Texas. This company no longer has a functional website and otherwise has a virtually non-existent presence on the internet. "We strive to translate these ideas into laboratory experiments," according to an archived copy of the company's website from 2017.
Here's a clip from a 60 Minutes segment with Bigelow that was filmed before the revelations about his involvement with the Pentagon's Aviation Threat Identification program were exposed:
A cursory internet search on EarthTech's CEO Harold Puthoff, Ph.D., who authored the March 2010 study, and Eric Davis, Ph.D., another employee who co-authored the other report, quickly turns up a web of links to Bigelow and his other fringe scientific and paranormal investigative endeavors, including the now defunct National Institute for Discovery Science, or NIDSci. You can find a mirrored copy of that entity's website, circa 2008, here. Independent consultant Richard Obousy, who helped produce the April 2010 document, also has connections to the Nevada businessman.
Puthoff is now Vice President of Science and Technology at To The Stars Academy of Arts and Science, a non-profit organization that reportedly is, at least in part, continuing the AAITP's work independently. Luis Elizondo, who was the government head of AAITP and its follow-on guise, is its Director of Global Security and Special Programs.
The full extent of the AAWSA effort, including how many similar studies it funded and at what cost, as well as the later AAITP, still remains unclear. So far, two videos the latter iteration of the group examined in detail have captured the most public attention through the media. F/A-18 Hornet Advanced Targeting Forward-Looking Infrared (ATFLIR) targeting pods shot both of these clips and they feature small "tic-tac"-like objects racing around at high speed over the water.
But the main video and pilot account wasn't new when news of the existence of AAITP first broke. It had been floating around in defense circles for over a decade, but more open disclosure about the origin of the video on an official level, as well as subsequent interviews with the pilot that took it, certainly elevated it to mainstream news.
Beyond that, accounts of Bigelow's special unit's investigation include claims that mysterious material from downed objects was being stored in storage lockers and that the program went far beyond documenting and evaluating eyewitness reports of UFOs. Instead, it took a holistic approach, which may have included evaluating the impact on human biology in association with sightings and other unexplained events and even seemed to have delved into other paranormal domains.
This would seem to match up with the picture of the program's work we now have based on the documents Knapp's I-Team obtained. What we know for sure, beyond the basic facts surrounding the project and information that Elizondo, the guy who led the program on the DoD side, has given to the press, is that some very strange studies resulted from its mandate. Once again, the studies Las Vegas' Channel 8 uncovered are official DIA documents that the United States Government paid EarthTech and other Bigelow associates to produce and kept on file for its own internal use.
If nothing else, the existence of these studies supports the perception that this program went far beyond just trying to interpret and document eye-witness accounts of UFOs and trying to identify what was buzzing around in earth's atmosphere. And they are bound to leave just about anyone wondering if this is what has been released, imagine what else exists that hasn't, whether out of fear of embarrassment or risk to national security.
Update: 7:25pm PST—
Here is another one titled "Traversable Wormholes, Stargates, and Negative Energy."
In the YouTube video, secureteam10 describes the image as “a very strange formation of rocks that are put together in what appears to be a very artificial way, arranged in a perfect circle.”
The formation is “much different from the craters that we normally see on Mars and the moon and the other planets in the solar system,” secureteam10 added. “This almost looks like these rocks were arranged in this circular formation – either that, or these could potentially be some sort of ruin that is a part of a much larger structure, potentially buried.”
The rocks sparked plenty of comment on YouTube, with not everyone convinced that the rocks had been arranged in the circular pattern. “It really just looks like a crater to me,” noted one commenter. “Looks like a boulder that is weathered,” wrote another commenter. “The circle on Mars is clearly part of a bagel,” quipped another.
Features on the Red Planet’s surface continue to be a source of fascination.
Earlier this year, for example, UFO hunters claimed that an image taken by NASA’s Mars Curiosity Rover shows an ancient tree stump on the surface of the Red Planet.
Although explained as a missle test by the U.S. Navy, a light zooming across the western sky ignited a firestorm of speculation on social media.
Jersey Roots is a look at the history of Monmouth and Ocean counties. Have a local historical topic you would like more information about? Contact Erik Larsen at elarsen@gannettnj.com.
An article from the front page of the Asbury Park Press on March 28, 1966.
(Photo: Asbury Park Press archives)
Fifty years ago, seeing something strange or unrecognizable in the night sky was taken with some modicum of seriousness.
Perhaps this was due to the national paranoia associated with the Cold War. On the contrary maybe it was a reflection of an optimistic zeitgeist. In the 1960s, humankind was at the dawn of a new era, one in which it would no longer be confined to the exploration of one world. This was a time when popular culture was capturing the imagination of a public coming to terms with the idea that we may neither be alone nor the oldest civilization in the universe.
For several weeks in the spring of 1966, there was a wave of UFO sightings across the United States that had made national headlines. The reports were coming from credible eyewitnesses – police officers and firefighters – in addition to ordinary citizens, who all calmly recalled their encounters with fantastic objects in the sky, while occasionally giving pause to express incredulity at their own experiences.
Later that year, in response to this rash of sightings, CBS News anchor Walter Cronkite hosted a prime time special, “UFO: Friend, Foe or Fantasy?” That September, “The Byrds” fantasized about such visits from the outer cosmos in the song, “Mr. Spaceman." And, in the fall television lineup that year, a little series called "Star Trek" premiered on NBC.
'UFO: Friend, Foe Or Fantasy'
“Michigan’s weird, blinking lights apparently have extended their appearances to Ohio and Wisconsin,” read an Associated Press dispatch from March 27, 1966. “As before there was no full explanation.”
In Washington, Rep. Gerald R. Ford, R-Michigan, who would be president a decade later, called for a congressional investigation into what was happening. Many Michigan residents felt the number of incidents were “sufficient to justify some action by our government,” Ford said.
On the same day that Ford called for House and Senate committee hearings on the matter, some residents at the Jersey Shore were seeing something strange in the sky over northern Ocean County.
“Space creatures Shore bound? Four residents in Brick say they spotted UFO,” was the headline on the front page of the Press on March 28, 1966.
The previous day, Air Force veteran James Novello, 63, of Brick, watched a brightly-lit, lemon-shaped object seem to hover over his Breton Woods neighborhood on the Metedeconk River.
Novello, who had logged more than 6,000 flight hours in the Air Force, where he had served as a radar operator, told a Press reporter that the object looked to be about 100 feet in length and 70 feet wide, at about a distance of a 1½-miles away and at an altitude of 1,500 feet.
His 13-year-old son, Raymond, had been the first in his family to see the object. The teen had awakened at about 4:30 in the morning on March 27 because of a bright light penetrating through the night sky. He watched it through his telescope before waking up his parents.
“I just don’t know what to say,” Novello told a Press reporter. “Based on our observations, we’re almost positive it couldn’t have been a balloon, an airplane or temperature inversion.”
The family even woke up a neighbor, Joan Clayton, to have a look and share in the experience.
All of them stood in bewilderment for more than an hour at what they were watching. At times, the object seemed to alter its shape and luminosity. They constantly checked with each other to make certain their eyes were not playing tricks on them. Clayton confirmed the account to a Press reporter at the time.
“We all saw it, we checked each other’s observations, and we know it’s incredible – but there it was,” Novello said, who telephoned the police.
The following day, officials at then-McGuire Air Force Base in Wrightstown confirmed they were investigating reports of a UFO over the Jersey Shore. An official at then-Lakehurst Naval Air Station said the base had launched two weather balloons that day, though neither one would have coincided with the time of the Brick sightings.
Meanwhile, the New Jersey State Police had received two other reports about the object from other eyewitnesses in Brick, who had seen the same thing at the same time as the Novellos and their neighbor.
“We get a lot of these reports, especially at this time of year when atmospheric conditions make them common, but we can readily explain 99 percent of them,” an Air Force spokesman told the Press. “This one, though, does not fit most quick explanations.”
Two giant swaths of radiation, known as the Van Allen Belts, surrounding Earth were discovered in 1958. In 2012, observations from the Van Allen Probes showed that a third belt can sometimes appear. The radiation is shown here in yellow, with green representing the spaces between the belts.
Credit: NASA/Van Allen Probes/Goddard Space Flight Center
Giant donut-shaped swaths of magnetically trapped, highly energetic charged particles surround Earth. James Van Allen, a physicist at the University of Iowa, discovered these radiation belts in 1958 after the launch of Explorer 1, the first U.S. satellite. The radiation belts were eventually named after him.
Van Allen's experiment on Explorer 1, which launched Jan. 31, 1958, had a simple cosmic ray experiment consisting of a Geiger counter (a device that detects radiation) and a tape recorder. Follow-up experiments on three other missions in 1958 — Explorer 3, Explorer 4 and Pioneer 3 — established that there were two belts of radiation circling the Earth.
While observations have continued for decades, our knowledge of the belts became more enhanced when the Van Allen Probes launched in 2012. They found that the belts were more complex than previously imagined. The probes showed that the shape of the belts depends on what particle is being studied. They also uncovered information hinting there is less radiation than imagined in certain parts of the Van Allen belts, which means spacecraft and humans would not need as much radiation protection if they are voyaging in that region.
On the 60th anniversary of Explorer 1, NASA said that studies of the Van Allen belts are even more important today. "Our current technology is ever more susceptible to these accelerated particles because even a single hit from a particle can upset our ever smaller instruments and electronics," said David Sibeck, Van Allen Probes mission scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland, in a 2018 statement. "As technology advances, it's actually becoming even more pressing to understand and predict our space environment."
Early probe findings
Part of the interest in the Van Allen belts comes from where they are located. It is known that the belts can swell when the sun becomes more active. Before the probes launched, scientists thought the inner belt was relatively stable, but when it did expand, its influence extended over the orbit of the International Space Station and several satellites. The outer belt fluctuated more often. The ISS has been permanently inhabited since 2000, with typical astronauts staying there for six months at a time. In 2015-16, NASA astronaut Scott Kelly and Russian cosmonaut Mikhail Kornienko remained there for almost a year. As astronauts stay in orbit for longer, their radiation exposure may also increase, leading to concerns about long-term habitation for astronauts in space.
So scientists are interested in close study of this region. In 2012, a new set of probes launched. The Van Allen Probes (formerly known as the Radiation Belt Storm probes) have several scientific goals, including discovering how the particles — ions and electrons — in the belts are accelerated and transported, how electrons are lost and how the belts change during geomagnetic storms. The mission was planned to last two years, but as of May 2018 the probes were still operating at more than double the expected mission lifetime. However, fuel reserves are running low and the probes will likely retire in the next couple of years.
Usually, scientists take a few months after launch to calibrate their instruments, but a team with the Relativistic Electron Proton Telescope asked that their instrument be turned on almost immediately (three days after launch); they wanted to compare observations before another mission, SAMPEX (Solar, Anomalous, and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer), de-orbited and entered Earth's atmosphere.
"It was a lucky decision," NASA said in February 2013, noting that a solar storm had already caused the radiation belts to swell as soon as the instrument was turned on. "Then something happened no one had ever seen before: the particles settled into a new configuration, showing an extra, third belt extending out into space," the agency added. "Within mere days of launch, the Van Allen Probes showed scientists something that would require rewriting textbooks."
An artist's depiction of the two Van Allen probes orbiting Earth.
Credit: JHU/APL
Protective shield
Data gathered by the probes also showed that the radiation belts shield Earthfrom high-energy particles. "The barrier for the ultrafast electrons is a remarkable feature of the belts," study lead author Dan Baker, of the University of Colorado in Boulder, said in a statement.
"We're able to study it for the first time, because we never had such accurate measurements of these high-energy electrons before." [Gallery: NASA's Van Allen Probes]
This new information helped scientists model the belts' changes. But there was more information to come. In January 2016, scientists revealed that the shape of the belts depends on what type of electron is being studied. This means the two belts are much more complex; depending on what is being observed, they can be a single belt, two separate belts or just an outer belt (with no inner belt at all.)
"The researchers found that the inner belt — the smaller belt in the classic picture of the belts — is much larger than the outer belt when observing electrons with low energies, while the outer belt is larger when observing electrons at higher energies," NASA wrote at the time. "At the very highest energies, the inner belt structure is missing completely. So, depending on what one focuses on, the radiation belts can appear to have very different structures simultaneously."
What is still poorly understood, however, is what happens when particles from the sun hit the belts during a geomagnetic storm. It is known that the number of electrons in the belts changes, either decreasing or increasing depending on the situation. Also, the belts eventually return to their normal shape after the storm passes. NASA said it isn't clear what kind of storm will cause a specific type of belt configuration. Also, the agency noted, any previous observations were done only with electrons at a few energy levels. More work needs to be done.
Luckily, scientists got the chance to observe a storm up close in March 2015, when one of the Van Allen Probes happened to be situated inside the "right" spot in Earth's magnetic field to see an interplanetary shock. NASA describes such shocks as similar to when a tsunami is triggered by an earthquake; in this case, a coronal mass ejection of charged particles from the sun creates a shock in specific areas of the belts.
"The spacecraft measured a sudden pulse of electrons energized to extreme speeds — nearly as fast as the speed of light — as the shock slammed the outer radiation belt," NASA wrote at the time. "This population of electrons was short-lived, and their energy dissipated within minutes. But five days later, long after other processes from the storm had died down, the Van Allen Probes detected an increased number of even higher energy electrons. Such an increase so much later is a testament to the unique energization processes following the storm."
In 2017, the Washington Post published an article with some of the sounds of space recorded from an instrument on the Van Allen Probes, called Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS). Although humans cannot hear these sounds — because there is no medium in which the waves can carry the sound — translating this data was fairly straightforward, the Post wrote. "The electromagnetic waves are in the same frequency range as the part of the sound spectrum that is audible to humans. It was a simple matter to translate those radio waves as MP3s — turning EMFISIS data into a radio broadcast from the heavens."
Designing better spacecraft
The Van Allen Probes are specially hardened to withstand the intense radioactive environment of the belts. Some spacecraft, however, are more vulnerable — especially when a solar storm hits. At worst, spacecraft can short out due to an electrical overload. Communications can also be disrupted. Fortunately, sometimes instruments can be turned on or off on a spacecraft during a solar storm.
The shape of the Van Allen belts can vary widely depending on how energetic the individual electrons are, and general conditions in the Earth’s magnetic environment. During geomagnetic storms (4), all three regions in the belts can balloon.
Credit: NASA GODDARD/DUBERSTEIN
Radiation, of course, also poses a human risk. Astronauts are subject to lifetime radiation limits from their time in space, to reduce any risk of cancer. Since only a few dozen people have spent six months or longer in space, however, it will take decades to understand the long-term effects of radiation on humans.
The astronauts on the ISS do not regularly spend time inside the belts, but from time to time solar storms expand the belts to the orbit of the space station. In the 1960s, several Apollo crews went through the Van Allen belts on their way to and from the moon. Their time in that radiation-intensive region, however, was very short, in part because the trajectory was designed to pass through the thinnest known parts. With more study, astronauts can be better protected for long-term stays in Earth orbit.
"We study radiation belts because they pose a hazard to spacecraft and astronauts," said David Sibeck, the Van Allen Probes mission scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland, in an August 2016 NASA statement. "If you knew how bad the radiation could get, you would build a better spacecraft to accommodate that."
Newer findings from the probes show that radiation in certain zones may be less harsh than scientists thought. In March 2017, the Van Allen Probes made a finding showing there is less radiation in the inner belts that previously theorized, which means less shielding is required for spacecraft and satellites in that region. The most energetic electrons residing in the inner radiation belt are there for less time than scientists thought beforehand.
The following year, the probes discovered that some communications wavelengths (called very low frequency communications) emanating from Earth are sometimes a sort of a shield against high-energy particle radiation in space. This means that human activity has effects even in the near-space environment around Earth.
As of 2018, the Van Allen Probes are running low on fuel and are expected to finish their mission around 2020. Goddard is working on a CubeSat (small spacecraft) mission called GTOSat that will continue studying the Van Allen belts.
"This mission of firsts will serve as a pathfinder for new radiation-tolerant technologies that could help scientists realize a long-sought dream: deploying a constellation of small satellites beyond low-Earth orbit to gather simultaneous, multi-point measurements of Earth's ever-changing magnetosphere, which protects the planet from the constant assault of charged particles streaming off the sun," NASA said in May 2018.
Human technology has advanced significantly over the past 5,000 years, and the Earth bears the scars to prove it. We've altered the landscape, the climate and the biological diversity. We've erected skyscrapers for the living and colossal tombs for the dead. Perhaps most important, we've learned to harness a portion of the planet's energy, but we still thirst for so much more power.
This insatiable appetite for energy will continue to chart the course of human civilization in the 5,000 years to come. As a result, it will also dictate what Earth will look like in A.D. 7010.
In 1964, Russian astrophysicist Nicolai Kardashev theorized that a civilization's technical advancement directly correlates to the amount of energy its citizens can manipulate. Along these lines, he defined three classifications for advanced civilizations in the galaxy:
Type I civilizations are masters of planetary energy, meaning that they can harness the sum energy of an entire world.
Type II civilizations can summon the power of an entire star system.
Type III civilizations command energy on a galactic scale.
Cosmologists use this Kardashev Scale to predict the technical advancement of future and alien civilizations. Currently, modern humans don't even rank on the scale. We're essentially a type 0 civilization, but we'll eventually become a type I. Kardashev himself predicted that this transition would occur. But when?
Theoretical physicist and futurist Michio Kaku forecasts this transcendence occurring within a mere century. Physicist Freeman Dyson raises that estimate to less than 200 years. Back in the day, Kardashev envisaged that it would take only 3,200 years to reach type II status.
If humanity only reaches type I status by A.D. 7010, then it will still have the ability to manipulate and control atmospheric and geothermal forces. Warfare and self-destruction might still pose a threat to humanity's survival, but ecological concerns will be a thing of the past.
If we achieve type II status by that point, then 71st century humans will wield even greater technological power. Dyson proposed that such a civilization would be capable of encapsulating a star with a swarm of satellites to harvest its energy. Other theorized type II feats include interstellar travel and the ability to move entire planets -- and all this on top of whatever breakthroughs have occurred in genetics and computing.
Such future humans will likely differ greatly from us culturally or even neurologically. They may well be what futurists and philsophers refer to as posthumans or transhumans.
Regardless, a lot can happen in 5,000 years. We might destroy ourselves with warfare or unwittingly ravage the planet with nanotechnology. Perhaps we'll fail to mitigate the threat posed by asteroid and cometcollisions. We might even encounter an alien type II civilization long before we achieve that level ourselves.
Explore the links on the next page to learn even more about humanity's future.
Berry, Adrian. "The Next 500 Years: Life in the Coming Millennium." W H Freeman & Co. February 1996.
Cain, Frasier. "How Advanced Can a Civilization Become?"Universe Today. April 16, 2004. (June 3, 2010)http://www.universetoday.com/2004/04/26/how-advanced-can-a-civilization-become/
"Earth may be too hot for humans by 2300: study." Associated Foreign Press. May 11, 2010. (June 2, 2010)http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jTXA_CTHXzXzc-HxwAVLW-nh-eww
Explorations in Science with Dr. Michio Kaku. (June 2, 2010)http://mkaku.org/
Hawking, Stephen. "Science in the Next Millennium." White House Millennium Council. March 6, 1998. (June 2, 2010)http://clinton4.nara.gov/Initiatives/Millennium/shawking.html
Perry, Charles A. and Kenneth J. Hsu. "Geophysical, archaeological, and historical evidence support a solar-output model for climate change." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Sept. 5, 2000. (June 2, 2010)http://www.pnas.org/content/97/23/12433.full.pdf
Parker Solar Probe: deze nieuwe ruimtesonde gaat de zon aantikken
Parker Solar Probe: deze nieuwe ruimtesonde gaat de zon aantikken
Jurjen de Jong
De ruimtesonde wordt deze zomer gelanceerd en zal dwars door de hete atmosfeer van de zon vliegen.
Onze zon bevat 99,86% van alle massa in ons zonnestelsel en toch zijn we nog nooit zo dicht bij deze gigantische massa geweest. Binnenkort gaan we een record verbreken door met de Parker Solar Probe(PSP) dichterbij dan ooit te komen. Daarnaast hopen we uiteraard op nieuwe interessante ontdekkingen over de zon!
Parker De Park Solar Probe is vernoemd naar de wetenschapper Eugene Parker. Deze Amerikaanse astrofysicus heeft veel bijgedragen aan onze kennis over de zon en met name de zonnewind. Desondanks weten we eigenlijk nog verrassend weinig over beiden. Laten we eerst kijken wat we wel al weten.
De zon De zon staat op een afstand van ongeveer 150 miljoen kilometer en met een leeftijd van 4,59 miljard jaar is ze essentieel voor ons leven op aarde. Als we astronomen moeten geloven is onze zon een vrij gemiddelde ster, op ongeveer de helft van haar leven. De zon bestaat in de buitenste lagen voor 70% uit waterstof en voor 28% uit helium. De kern bestaat voor 35% uit waterstof en 63% uit helium. De overige percentages zijn zwaardere elementen. De dichtheid en temperatuur zijn in de kern hoog genoeg voor kernfusie, zodat de zon door middel van dit proces waterstof omzet naar helium. Hiernaast zie je hoe de zon er schematisch ongeveer uitziet. De zon lijkt voor sommigen misschien op een soort grote vuurbal, maar in feite is de zon niets anders dan een gigantische bal plasma. We kennen allemaal gasvormig, vloeibaar en vast als aggretietoestanden. Deze toestanden zijn afhankelijk van de temperatuur. Als we nu een gas nog verder verhitten, zullen de elektronen van de atomen van dit gas losraken van de kern. Fysici noemen dit ionisatie. Een verzameling van deze geïoniseerde deeltjes is niet meer elektrisch neutraal en wordt daarom ‘geladen’ genoemd. Deze deeltjes vormen samen nu een plasma. Dat de zon een bal plasma is, is niet vreemd als we kijken naar de temperaturen die zich hier bevinden. De kern van de zon heeft een temperatuur van 15,5 miljoen graden Celsius. Dit neemt af tot 6000 graden Celsius aan het oppervlak en tot ongeveer 4300 graden Celsius in de atmosfeer van de zon. Daarna gebeurt er iets opvallends in het buitenste gedeelte van de atmosfeer van de zon: de corona. In dit gedeelte wordt de temperatuur weer heel hoog. Het kan hier rond de 2 tot soms wel 20 miljoen graden Celsius zijn. Overigens kunnen we de corona op aarde waarnemen bij een zonsverduistering als de ring die nog zichtbaar blijft als de maan zich voor de zon bevindt. Vervolgens gaat de corona over in de zonnewind. Deze ‘wind’ bestaat vooral uit restproducten van waterstof en helium (elektronen, protonen en alfadeeltjes), die de ontsnappingssnelheid van de zon bereiken en daardoor het zonnestelsel ingeblazen worden. Dit gebeurt zo frequent dat de zonnewind daarom een constante stroom is. Op aarde worden we deels afgeschermd tegen deze zonnewind door ons aardmagnetisch veld. We kunnen de zonnewind indirect waarnemen door middel van de poollichten (aurora borealis en aurora australis). Dit licht ontstaat na een interactie van de zonnewind met ons aardmagnetisch veld, waardoor er botsingen van geladen deeltjes in de hoge atmosfeer van de aarde optreden. Voor satellieten is de zonnewind ook belangrijk, want deze kan flinke verstoringen veroorzaken als de zon erg actief is.
Activiteit De activiteit van de zon is zichtbaar door: zonnevlekken, zonnebevingen, zonnevlammen en protuberansen. Zonnevlekken nemen wij waar als zwarte vlekken op de zon. Dit zijn plekken waar veel magnetische activiteit is, waardoor het energietransport van de binnenkant naar de buitenkant wordt verhinderd. Dit resulteert in lagere oppervlakte temperaturen. Dan heb je zonnebevingen. Deze zijn vergelijkbaar met aardbevingen, maar hebben andere oorzaken. Dit wordt bestudeerd in de helioseismologie. Protuberansen zijn wolkachtige verschijnselen aan de zijkant van de zon in de atmosfeer van de zon, welke we niet direct kunnen waarnemen, maar wel met een coronograaf of een speciaal filter. Deze protuberansen bestaan uit een veel kouder plasma dan de corona. Als een protuberans uiteenvalt, kan dit een zonnevlam veroorzaken. Dit is een explosie die ontstaat als er veel energie vrijkomt, die eerst vastgehouden werd door het magnetische veld van de zon. Zo’n zonnevlam gaat vaak gepaard met een plasmawolk. Op aarde kunnen we het goed merken als er een sterke plasmawolk ons aardmagnetisch veld bereikt, aangezien de poollichten dan over een groter gebied op aarde zichtbaar zijn. Zo is het in de geschiedenis enkele keren voorgekomen dat van de polen tot aan de evenaar de poollichten zichtbaar waren.
Deze zojuist genoemde fenomenen zijn sterk afhankelijk van de 11-jarige zonnecyclus, waarin er een minimale en maximale activiteit van de zon is. Hoe actiever de zon, hoe meer zonnevlekken waarneembaar zijn en groter de kans op zonnevlammen en andere activiteit. Aangezien zonnevlekken met het blote oog waarneembaar zijn (ga nu niet in de zon kijken!), worden deze al lang door de mens bestudeerd. De oudste gedocumenteerde waarnemingen komen uit 364 v.Chr. uit China. Tussen 1826 en 1843 kon Samuel Heinrich Schwabe bevestigen dat de zon een 11-jarige cyclus doormaakt, aan de hand van zonnevlek waarnemingen. Echter houdt de zon zich niet altijd zo strikt aan deze cyclus. Soms duren cycli namelijk een stuk korter of langer. Het is daarom van belang dat we de zonneactiviteit beter leren begrijpen en daardoor beter kunnen voorspellen.
PSP Nu komen we op het punt dat de PSP belangrijk wordt. Dit ruimtevaartuig gaat namelijk tussen 31 juli en 19 augustus 2018 gelanceerd worden vanaf Cape Canaveral Air Force Station door een Delta IV Heavy draagraket en heeft als doel ons meer te leren over de zon. Zo moet de PSP onder meer de structuur en dynamica van de magnetische velden waaruit de zonnewind ontstaat, ontrafelen. Er wordt door fysici gebruik gemaakt van de wiskunde van de magnetohydrodynamica, maar helaas is dit niet voldoende, omdat het chaotische gedrag van de zon moeilijk te vatten is. Daarom kan de PSP ons met nieuwe metingen en observaties hopelijk weer verder op weg helpen om de magnetische velden en het ontstaan van de zonnewind beter te begrijpen. Zoals we al zeiden, zijn er in de corona enorm hoge temperaturen. Dit is al sinds de jaren veertig van de vorige eeuw bekend, maar een sluitende theorie, die beschrijft hoe dit kan, bestaat nog niet. Er wordt gedacht aan verhitting door energietransport vanuit de kern van de zon door middel van magnetohydrodynamische golven. Ook zijn er theorieën waarbij heet plasma de warmte transporteert vanuit de kern van de zon. De hoop is er dat de PSP fysici zal helpen een keuze te maken tussen de verschillende theorieën, of helpt met het opzetten van een betere/nieuwe theorie. Een ander doel van de PSP is het begrijpen van de mechanismen die de versnelling en transport veroorzaken van deeltjes met een hoge energie. Dit soort deeltjes kunnen een sterke en vooral negatieve invloed hebben op aarde en op satellieten rond de aarde. Het is daarom goed om beter te begrijpen hoe deze deeltjes onze aarde bereiken en wat de rol en relaties precies zijn van verschillende elementen van de zonneactiviteit.
Voor het eerst vernoemt NASA een ruimtevaartuig naar een nog levende wetenschapper. Hier krijgt Eugene Parker (in het midden) uitleg over de ruimtesonde die zijn naam draagt.
Afbeelding: NASA / Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory.
Instrumenten De wetenschappelijke experimenten worden gecategoriseerd aan de hand van de volgende afkortingen: FIELDS (Fields Experiment), IS☉IS (Integrated Science Investigation Of The Sun), WISPR (Wide-field Imager for Solar PRobe) en SWEAP (Solar Wind Electrons Alphas and Protons). Met FIELDS zal PSP metingen doen aan de elektrische en magnetische velden en golven, de plasma dichtheden, de temperaturen van de elektronen en radio emissies met behulp van twee magnetometers. IS☉IS is een instrument om deeltjes, zoals protonen en zware ionen die flink versneld worden, te meten in de atmosfeer van de zon en in het binnenste gedeelte van de heliosfeer (het gebied waarin de zon invloed uitoefent). WISPR is een telescoop die simpel gezegd foto’s zal maken van de corona, het binnenste gedeelte van de heliosfeer, de zonnewind en andere fenomenen die PSP passeren. Deze foto’s kunnen dan bestudeerd worden. Dan is er nog SWEAP, waarmee de meest voorkomende deeltjes van de zonnewind (de elektronen, protonen en alfadeeltjes) bestudeerd zullen worden aan de hand van metingen van hun snelheid, dichtheid en temperatuur.
Ingewikkelde weg Om de zon te bereiken zal de PSP een lange ingewikkelde weg afleggen. Allereerst zal het ruimtevaartuig naar Venus vliegen om daar zeven scheervluchten te doen. Op deze manier kan door middel van zwaartekrachtsslingers de PSP in de juiste richting versnellen en dichterbij de gewenste baan rond de zon te komen. De PSP zal 24 maal rond de zon vliegen en de kortste afstand tot het oppervlak van de zon zal 6.2 miljoen kilometer zijn. Daardoor is het mogelijk om voor de eerste keer door de corona heen te vliegen. De missie van de PSP zal zeker zo’n zeven jaar duren.
De PSP nadert de zon.
Afbeelding: NASA / Johns Hopkins APL / Steve Gribben.
Het is een enorme uitdaging om zo dichtbij de zon te vliegen, aangezien de enorm hoge temperaturen in de nabijheid van de zon afgeweerd moeten worden. Hiervoor is een hitteschild dan ook een vereiste. Het schild van de PSP is 11.43 cm dik en gemaakt van een licht en sterk koolstofvezelcomposiet, zodat schade van hoge temperaturen tegengehouden kan worden. Op deze manier kunnen de meetinstrumenten en de computerystemen blijven functioneren. Erg belangrijk is de energievoorziening. Hiervoor wordt gebruikgemaakt van zonnepanelen. Echter, wanneer de PSP te dichtbij de zon komt, zullen deze zonnepanelen moeten worden ingetrokken, zodat ze afgeschermd worden door het hitteschild. Vervolgens worden dan een paar kleinere zonnepanelen uitgeklapt. Deze panelen hebben een speciaal ingebouwd koelsysteem, zodat ze niet oververhit raken. De nadering van PSP tot de zon zal toch niet schadeloos zijn. Naar verwachting zal straling van de zon toch zorgen voor lichte schade in het materiaal en een verslechterde werking van de elektronica. Ook zal de communicatie onderbroken worden als de PSP dichtbij de zon komt. Daarom zullen de banen heel erg elliptisch moeten zijn, zodat er ook lange perioden zijn dat de PSP ver genoeg is om bij te komen en zich op te laden met de grote zonnepanelen.
De Parker Solar Probe kan, net als Eugene Parker, onze kennis over met name de corona en de zonnewind enorm vergroten. Laten we daarom hopen dat de missie met succes gelanceerd zal worden en dat de weg naar de zon vlekkeloos zal zijn, zodat we over een tijdje weer over nieuwe inzichten over het gedrag van de zon en de zonnewind kunnen schrijven.
Jurjen de Jong (1993) is masterstudent Space Studies aan de KU Leuven. Daarvoor heeft hij een propedeuse werktuigbouwkunde in Breda, een bachelor wiskunde en een bachelor natuurkunde in Utrecht behaald en afgelopen juli een master in de wiskundige natuur-en sterrenkunde in Gent afgerond. Jurjen leest graag over de verschillende ontdekkingen ontwikkelingen op wetenschapsgebied en door er over te schrijven hoopt hij zijn kennis te delen met een groter publiek. Later hoopt hij een baan in de ruimtevaartsector te krijgen. Eerder verschenen van Jurjens hand al dit interessante artikel waarin hij uitzoekt of het nodig is dat ook de ruimtevaart groener wordt. Ook zocht hij voor Scientias.nl uit of de ruimtelift werkelijk toekomst heeft. Recent publiceerde hij ook twee artikelen over de quantumcomputer die voor een revolutie kan gaan zorgen.
Bronmateriaal:
NASA, link: http://parkersolarprobe.jhuapl.edu/, geraadpleegd op: 4/22/2018 N.J. Fox et al. (2016). “The Solar Probe Plus Mission: Humanity’s First Visit to Our Star”. Space Sci Rev 204:7-48. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-015-0211-6 A. Hanslmeier. (2007). “The Sun and Space Weather”. Springer
Afbeelding bovenaan dit artikel:
Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
Seizoensgebonden verandering in atmosfeer kan wijzen op buitenaards leven
Seizoensgebonden verandering in atmosfeer kan wijzen op buitenaards leven
Caroline Kraaijvanger
Een veelbelovende biosignatuur!
De afgelopen decennia zijn er duizenden exoplaneten ontdekt. En verschillende van deze planeten lijken op het eerste gezicht geschikt voor buitenaards leven. Maar hoe kunnen we erachter komen of op die planeten daadwerkelijk leven is? Vaak wordt dan allereerst gekeken naar de atmosfeer. Zo weten we dat de samenstelling van onze aardse atmosfeer voor een groot deel bepaald wordt door de aanwezigheid van leven. Zo ligt leven bijvoorbeeld ten grondslag aan het zuurstofrijke karakter van onze atmosfeer. Zuurstof zou dus een biosignatuur kunnen zijn: een aanwijzing dat er leven is op een andere planeet.
Biosignatuur Maar in het blad The Astrophyscial Journal Letters komen wetenschappers met een nog veelbelovendere biosignatuur op de proppen. Ze pleiten ervoor om te kijken naar seizoensgebonden veranderingen in de samenstelling van de atmosfeer.
Noordelijk halfrond De onderzoekers wijzen erop dat de seizoenen niet alleen veranderingen in weer en de lengte van de dagen met zich meebrengen. Ook de samenstelling van de atmosfeer verandert. Zo zorgt plantengroei er in de zomer voor dat de hoeveelheid CO2 in de atmosfeer boven het noordelijk halfrond – waar de meeste vegetatie te vinden is – afneemt. Tegelijkertijd neemt de concentratie zuurstof hier in de zomer toe.
Beter Op vergelijkbare manier zouden seizoensgebonden veranderingen in de samenstelling van buitenaardse atmosferen ook kunnen wijzen op de aanwezigheid van leven. Het zoeken naar dergelijke veranderingen is misschien nog wel effectiever dan de zoektocht naar bijvoorbeeld hoge concentraties zuurstof in de atmosfeer. Want wie zegt dat die aliens net als sommige levensvormen op aarde zuurstof genereren? Bovendien kan zuurstof ook geproduceerd worden in de afwezigheid van leven. “De aanwezigheid van leven afleiden op basis van seizoenen vereist geen gedetailleerd begrip van de buitenaardse biochemie, omdat het ontstaat als een biologische reactie op seizoensgebonden veranderingen in de omgeving en dus geen consequentie is van specifieke biologische activiteit die wel eens uniek kan zijn voor de aarde,” stelt onderzoeker Stephanie Olson.
Hier op aarde ontstaan seizoenen doordat de as van onze planeet wat schuin staat. Betekent dat dan dat de aanpak van Olson alleen werkt op exoplaneten met een schuine as? Zeker niet. Ook exoplaneten met een ovaalvormige baan kunnen seizoenen kennen, doordat ze het ene moment dichter bij hun moederster staan dan op andere momenten. Meer onderzoek moet uitwijzen welke veranderingen we in buitenaardse atmosferen kunnen verwachten en wat voor telescopen we nodig hebben om die veranderingen waar te kunnen nemen.
In a mission scheduled for the summer of 2020, NASA is sending a helicopter to Mars, the organization announced Friday.
The Mars 2020 mission, or the Red Planet rover mission, scheduled to launch in July of that year, will include the Mars helicopter, which NASA described as a “small, autonomous rotocraft.”
“NASA has a proud history of firsts,” said NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine. “The idea of a helicopter flying the skies of another planet is thrilling. The Mars Helicopter holds much promise for our future science, discovery, and exploration missions to Mars.”
The use of the helicopter is designed to show Mars’ ability to handle heavier-than-air vehicles. It will fly as an attachment to the belly pan of the Mars 2020 rover.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (the CDC) says:“Polio, or poliomyelitis, is a crippling and potentially deadly infectious disease. It is caused by the poliovirus. The virus spreads from person to person and can invade an infected person’s brain and spinal cord, causing paralysis.” So, you may well ask, what relevance does that have to the kinds of things that get discussed here at Mysterious Universe? Well, I’ll tell you. It’s a strange story which has its origins in the late 1940s, specifically July 1, 1949. That was the date on which a still-unknown doctor and his wife encountered a UFO of the Flying Saucer kind while they were on vacation in Canada.
So impressed and amazed by what they saw, the pair – whose names are blacked-out in the now-declassified U.S. Air Force files on the affair – decided to contact the military and share their experience. The Air Force stated in its 1949 files, prepared by agent Elbert W. Farris, of Scott Air Force Base, Illinois: “Dr. and Mrs. [Deleted] of Decatur, Indiana, were interviewed on August 15, 1949, and stated that they had seen an unidentified aerial object which they thought to be a flying saucer. The sighting took place July 1, 1949 on Highway 70 about 50–70 miles north of Ft. Francis, Ontario, Canada, and near the east side of Lake of the Woods, Canada.”
That was far from being the end of the story, though. From documentation forwarded to staff at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, we learn that: “The object was described as silvery gray in color, flying in a westerly direction and was in sight for about 5 seconds. No vapor trails or protruding objects were noted. The object pursued a straight path of flight with an erratic motion comparable to that of an oblong object being thrown through the air. The aerial anomaly appeared to be faster than an airplane. It did not hover and was likened to a small aircraft at two thousand feet. Dr. [Deleted] observed no fins, no vapor trail and heard no sound. After passing across his line of vision, the object was lost from view behind the trees. The day was bright and sunny, and Dr. [Deleted] emphasized that he had definitely observed an object in the air unlike any other known to him. Mrs. [Deleted] corroborated her husband’s statements.“
It wasn’t just the Air Force that looked into the matter. It was the FBI, too. Indeed, the FBI’s office at Indianapolis addressed the issue because the doctor “found himself in the midst of a polio epidemic and that as a result he had read as much literature as possible with respect to polio, its symptoms, diagnosis, etc. Dr. [Deleted] told that in his opinion, the cases which were thought to be polio in the vicinity of Decatur, Indiana, were not polio, but possibly the result of uranium poisoning and that he felt the presence of flying saucers had direct bearing on the polio epidemic.”
Aliens spreading the polio virus? Or contaminating people with uranium? The FBI also recorded: “[The Doctor] pointed out that flying saucers were observed in the Carolinas in 1948 and there was a polio epidemic in the vicinity at that time. Dr. [Deleted] stated he had consulted one of the physicians at the Benjamin Harrison Air Base and had also checked the records with reference to allegations concerning the sighting of flying saucers and had done a little research with respect to correlating the presence of flying saucers and any polio epidemic.”
The documentation shows that personnel at the Indiana University Medical School considered the whole thing to be a waste of time – a huge joke and nothing else. That didn’t stop the Air Force from taking a careful and close look at the available data, however. On this aspect of the story, the Air Force files reveal the following: “Tabulation of flying saucer sightings from the available sources of the Indianapolis Starand the Indianapolis News, reveals that the majority of sightings took place in July and August for the years 1947, 1948 and 1949,” agent Farris recorded.
Farris added: “A responsible medical authority, confidential informant, CI-1, advised that the theory is ‘interesting’ and worthy of further research. [The Doctor] produced membership cards which show him to be a member of the Masons, Scottish Rite, Knights of Pythias, Loyal Order of Moose and the Eagles. He served as a Naval officer for 14 months and also held a commission in the United States Public Health Service. He is an associate member of the Association of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana, and he is an associate member of the Association of Military Surgeons. He is a physician and surgeon.“
The uranium angle, brought up by the doctor, was also addressed. Agent Farris contacted, in his own words, “a reliable medical authority at Benjamin Harrison Air Force Base, Indiana,” who could hopefully “determine whether the possibility of uranium poisoning, as expounded by Dr. [Deleted] had any basis in fact.” Farris had more to say on this matter: “The authority, who preferred to remain anonymous, is hereinafter known as Confidential Informant CI-1. Informant CI-1 advised the writer that the Polio period extends from April to October, with the peak months of the disease being reached in July and August. Informant CI-1 was doubtful if the answer to the question of uranium poisoning could be readily answered, and he was of the opinion that the possibility and its connection with the Polio epidemic prevalent throughout the United States had never been explored.”
Personnel at the Aero Medical Laboratory Research Department at Wright-Patterson were also questioned by Farris: “Does [the] uranium element produce any physiological reaction in human beings corresponding to symptoms applicable to many of the so-called Polio clinical and sub-clinical conditions?” “Are topographical areas where so-called Flying Disc are predominantly seen (or known uranium deposits) pinpoints of endemic areas of clinical symptoms resembling Polio?”
On October 6, 1949, another Air Force report was prepared, this one revealing the following: “While it is true that some of the clinical symptoms of poliomyelitis may be similar to uranium poisoning, the over-all clinical syndrome is quite different. Progress in the case of uranium poisoning is very dismal, with recovery unlikely. Besides the heavy metal poisoning effect of uranium poisoning, there is also the prolonged and continuous radiation effect of uranium which cane be detected in the broad picture.”
The report adds: “This is quite a distinctive clinical feature of uranium poisoning which any physician should readily be able to recognize. It is also a feature which does not diminish with time and, hence, the patient does not recover. This results because the uranium is a long-lived radioactive isotope, which becomes fixed in the body and cannot be eliminated to any appreciable extent. Because of the above considerations, it is the opinion of this office that there is little, if any, ground for the theory that the annual poliomyelitis epidemics are related to radioactivity in any way. It is also to be noted that the annual outbreak of poliomyelitis during the summer months has been prevalent for many years prior to flying saucers and the widespread use of radioactive isotopes.”
The strange saga of a Flying Saucer, a doctor and his wife, the polio virus and the matter of uranium poisoning, was finally over. The file was closed on what was undeniably one of the weirdest UFO-themed investigations that the U.S. Air Force found itself involved in.
Red Glowing UFO spotted in the Constellation Canes Venatici
Red Glowing UFO spotted in the Constellation Canes Venatici
A skywatcher from Aztec New Mexico observed the constellation Canes Venatici by using his telescope when he captured an amazing red glowing object that travelled an enormous distance in space in just three minutes.
The skywatcher states:
On May 8, 2018 I was in my backyard doing astrophotography. My subjects that night were a pair of galaxies in the spring sky, NGC4631 and NGC4656 in the constellation Canes Venatici.
My equipment was a 103mm apochromatic refractor and a Canon EOS 6d DSLR.XX I was shooting 3 minute sub frames at the time. The object appeared on one of my subframes as it crossed thru the field of view.
My first impression was that it was some satellite or high flying aircraft. One of my submitted photos shows how far the object moved across the frame during this particular 3 minute exposure.
I just continued shooting more 3 minute frames of the galaxy field with the intention of deleting this frame from my total set of 15 frames to be stacked later for the final picture.
The object never appeared in any of my other frames and I did not see anything like it again that night.
The dimensions of the galaxy the object flew by ( NGC4631 ) is approx. 10' x 1.5' of arc. So, the object would have been quite small. Its astronomical magnitude was estimated at 8.0 - Mufon case 91964.
Astronaut Scott Kelly said he saw things out in space while he was onboard the space station. He of course keeps with his signed contract with NASA to keep quiet about what he believes it to really be. He talks about having doubts about if it was stars or unidentified flying objects that he witnessed. Its clear that Scott Kelly wants to hint to the public the truth of seeing extraterrestrial craft while in orbit around earth, but he is still afraid of the repercussions from the US government, which in essence could strip him of his retirement.
Scott Kelly is not the only astronaut to see things in space. Over 15 astronauts from Russia and America have witnessed strange flying objects that cannot be explained. So if so many experience astronauts say they have seen UFOs while in space, why are the public still doubting the existence of aliens? Scott C. Waring
News states:
“Flying in airplanes and flying in space, you know, I have had experiences where if I let my imagination run wild. I could say, ‘Wow. That’s an alien spaceship,’” Kelly explains. “Even on the space station. I mean, I would often see something, and I would be like, ‘That’s not behaving like a star or a satellite.’”
Kelly says he also experienced this when flying jets, especially over the water at night.
Astronomers have begun searching for signals from extraterrestrials in the Galaxy
Astronomers have begun searching for signals from extraterrestrials in the Galaxy
On the radio telescope CSIRO Parkes in Australia began a large-scale search for messages from extraterrestrial civilizations. Astronomers survey a fair part of the Galaxy, and now they are hoping to find signals from aliens.
The idea of interstellar radio communication was expressed long ago. In the end, in the universe there are not so many ways to transfer information over long distances. Almost the only opportunity to learn something about the distant cosmos is to receive and analyze the electromagnetic radiation of celestial bodies. So, if a certain civilization has astronomy in general, that is, telescopes. And surely these tools cover all possible types of radiation, from radio waves to gamma rays. For any serious astronomy, this is simply necessary, given how different the sky looks in different ranges. And from the receiver (telescope) one step to the transmitter. Why radio waves, not, say, visible light or X-rays? They have a number of advantages. For radio communication is not an obstacle interplanetary dust and atmosphere of almost any composition. Radio waves are best focused, which allows you to choose where to send the signal and where to wait for it. The radio signal is most easily changed if it is necessary to put information into it. Finally, radio emission requires less energy, which is also very important. The first searches for such signals were made back in the 1960s and have since been repeatedly renewed on an increasingly advanced technical basis. Although no one received a greeting from the brothers by reason, or in any case did not notice, humanity does not lose hope and is ready to try again and again. “Vesti.Nauka” (nauka.vesti.ru) already talked about the project Breakthrough Listen, founded by Stephen Hawking and Yuri Milner. One of the tools involved in this initiative is the Australian telescope. The search for alien messages with his help began in 2016. But then it was about “listening” to a few stars in the immediate vicinity of the Earth. Now the work came out literally to the galactic level. This was facilitated by the modernization of the telescope, carried out with the help of a Russian billionaire. The radio telescope nowadays simultaneously looks at 13 directions in the sky. This allows him to survey the entire area of the Milky Way, visible from this point on the globe. It covers the galactic latitudes from minus 6.5 to plus 6.5 degrees and longitudes from minus 174 degrees to plus 60 degrees. The total area is 3000 square degrees, which is 15,000 times larger than the full Moon. Astronomers expect to “hear” a transmitter sent to Earth, equivalent to only 20 Arecibo locators, even if it is not closer to Earth than the center of the Galaxy. True, if aliens radiate radio waves not in a narrow cone, but evenly in all directions, they will need more impressive power at this distance: 1014 watts. But a populated planet may be closer, and who knows what energies are subject to the brothers in the mind? New high-speed receivers perceive 130 gigabits of information per second. Only in 2018 it is planned to spend 1500 hours of observations and accumulate almost 100 petabytes of data. This is one of the most ambitious projects to search for extraterrestrial civilizations (SETI). The main task in processing information is to identify signals of artificial origin. Developers use for this purpose their own mathematical algorithm and invite everyone to participate in its improvement. In addition, it is necessary to reject the interference of terrestrial origin. Among the sources of such signals are satellites, airplanes and so on. This will help the fact that the telescope now receives radio waves from several directions at once. The fact is that terrestrial and near-Earth radio sources are quite powerful (because they are close). They break through even into those petals of the radiation pattern, which “look” is not at all on them. Therefore, such a signal, unlike a truly cosmic signal, looks outgoing from several directions at once.
“We hope to find evidence that our planet is not the only one among the hundreds of billions in the Galaxy where a reasonable life has arisen,” concludes Danny Price of the University of California at Berkeley. Of course, astronomers are not going to spend the observational time of the instrument, which has become so perfect, solely on the search for a hypothetical “Ay, earthlings!”. In parallel, in the same data, specialists will look for rapid radio bursts – mysterious outbursts, of which we have talked a lot.
Le SETI travaille sur de nombreux projets différents et l’un d’eux a pour but d’utiliser une intelligence artificielle afin de nous aider à rechercher et à trouver une forme de vie extraterrestre. Comment ? Tout simplement en lui apprenant à penser différemmentde nous.
L’Institut est un organisme sans but lucratif. Créé au milieu des années 80 par Thomas Pierson et Jill Tarter, il a pour but d’explorer, de comprendre et d’expliquer l’origine et la nature de la vie dans l’Univers.
En tout, le SETI compte une cinquantaine de chercheurs différents et il a également eu de nombreux mécènes tout au long de son histoire.
Le SETI, une histoire très mouvementée
Parmi les plus connus se trouvent Carl Sagan, David Packard ou encore les incontournables William Reddington Hewlett et Paul Allen.
L’institut finance plusieurs programmes différents et l’un d’entre eux a pour but de chercher des signaux d’une vie extraterrestre intelligente en utilisant des télescopes et des radiotélescopes.
Et tout le problème est là, finalement. Le SETI, comme tous les organismes du même genre, cherche des signes d’intelligence en se focalisant sur des techniques et technologies de communication semblables aux nôtres.
Toutefois, cette stratégie a bien entendu ses limites. Si une civilisation extraterrestre existe réellement, alors rien ne dit qu’elle utilise les transmissions radio pour communiquer.
Prenez notre propre planète par exemple. Contrairement à ce que pensent beaucoup de gens, l’être humain n’est pas la seule espèce intelligente à vivre sur ce monde. Les fourmis, par exemple, vivent elles aussi en société et elles ont même développé des techniques d’agriculture semblables aux nôtres… et ce avant même que nous en ayons l’idée.
Or justement, pour communiquer entre elles, les fourmis n’utilisent pas les ondes radio. Elles font appel à une forme de communication olfactive.
En toute logique, si une vie extraterrestre intelligente existe quelque part dans l’Univers, alors sa technologie a de fortes chances d’être très différente de la nôtre. Dans ce cas, les observations menées par le SETI ou même par le Breakthrough Listen sont loin d’être suffisantes.
Une IA pour penser différemment
Le SETI en a parfaitement conscience et l’organisation a ainsi monté un nouveau groupe de travail intitulé Decoding Alien Intelligence, un groupe piloté par Nathalie A. Cabrol, la directrice du Centre Carl Sagan.
La première session s’est déroulée entre le 14 et le 16 mars dernier et plusieurs scientifiques multidisciplinaires se sont ainsi réunis pour débattre de l’intelligence extraterrestre et tenter de déterminer les formes qu’elle pourrait potentiellement revêtir.
Nathalie A. Cabrol s’intéresse depuis longtemps à cette délicate question et elle avait même écrit un article entièrement dédié à la chose en 2016, un article dans lequel elle disait en substance que l’être humain allait devoir apprendre à penser en dehors de ses propres connaissances pour espérer découvrir une forme de vie extraterrestre.
Plusieurs pistes sont bien entendu envisageables et l’une d’elles en particulier semble dotée d’un fort potentiel. Graham Mackintosh, un consultant travaillant en collaboration avec le SETI et spécialisé dans toutes les questions liées à l’IA, pense en effet que l’intelligence artificielle pourrait jouer un rôle décisif dans la recherche d’une forme de vie extraterrestre intelligente en cherchant des signaux bien différents de ceux envisagés par nos propres scientifiques.
Compte tenu de sa nature, une IA n’est pas limitée par son vécu ou par son expérience et elle a donc la possibilité d’aborder des problématiques sous un angle très différent de celui de l’esprit humain.
En conséquence, Graham Mackintosh pense que la clé de la recherche d’une forme de vie extraterrestre réside peut-être dans l’IA.
Bien sûr, rien n’est encore acté pour le moment, mais il faut avouer que cette piste semble assez prometteuse
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How Cold War anxiety and citizen science fuelled Canada's massive UFO report files
How Cold War anxiety and citizen science fuelled Canada's massive UFO report files
Canadian government quietly collected thousands of citizen reports of UFO and alien sightings
CBC Radio
From the 1950s to the mid-1990s, the Canadian government quietly collected and documented thousands of citizen reports detailing UFO sightings or alien encounters.
(Ben Shannon/CBC)
Flying saucers. Little green men. Mysterious flashes in the sky.
They're all common elements in reported sightings of paranormal phenomena from around the world.
One might wonder who would take the time to listen to accounts of aliens from people who were otherwise going about their daily business.
It turns out that, for decades, the Canadian government did just that.
Matthew Hayes, a PhD student at Trent University in Peterborough, Ont., has been looking into nearly 15,000 pages of documents detailing UFO sightings that the Canadian government had collected between the 1950s and 1990s.
T (Steph Hayes)
Matthew Hayes, a PhD student at Trent University in Peterborough, Ont., has been looking into nearly 15,000 pages of documents detailing UFO sightings. They're publicly available in an online database run by Library and Archives Canada.
"I'm not out to prove it one way or the other: whether aliens exist, or whether UFOs exist. I'm really just interested in it as a social phenomenon," he told Ideas.
"What did UFOs mean to scientists and politicians, and to the military in Canada? What did they do about it, and how do they understand it?
The earliest recorded UFO reports date back to shortly after the end of the Second World War. During the war, Canadians might have looked to the sky worried they would spot incoming enemy aircraft. Some people reported sightings to the RCMP.The government came up with a formal questionnaire for investigators to use when people reported a UFO sighting.
(Ben Shannon/CBC)
Many of the documents Hayes is studying come from the results of this questionnaire. Others are memos between government officials debating what to do with the questionnaire responses.
Among some of the encounters described in the files:
Four separate witnesses in Peterborough described an aircraft about 50 feet (15 metres) long travelling at high speeds at high altitudes. They didn't know what it was, only that it did not look like any kind of airplane they were familiar with.
While cleaning the dishes in her home on the Bloodvein First Nation, Man., a woman observed a three-foot-tall creature with an egg-shaped head, sharp pointy ears and wrinkled eyes. She didn't see a nose or a mouth.
In 1967, mechanic Stefan Michalak described seeing a flying saucer-like object while prospecting around Falcon Lake, Manitoba. The object somehow severely burned and injured him. It's arguably the best-known and most extensively documented encounter with a so-called UFO in Canada.
By 1990, the government's documentation of UFO sightings slowed considerably, according to Hayes. In 1995, Canada shut down the program altogether.
But back in the '50s, officials were much less ready to dismiss UFO reports as crazy stories.
A witness's drawing of an unidentified object found in the archive of UFO reports. (Library and Archives Canada)
As historian Edward Jones-Imhotep explained, paranoia around the unidentified in that era was very real, fuelled in part by stories of aliens but also by more immediate anxieties regarding the Soviet Union.
"If you take a globe of the world in 1950 and you look down on the North Pole, you realize very quickly that the shortest line between the Soviet Union and the United States," he explained.
"So the line that Soviet bombers would take to attack U.S. cities with hydrogen bombs, for instance, passes directly over Canada."
Cold War anxiety, fear
Canada became, rather incidentally, an area of "intense interest" during the Cold War. Its skies had to be monitored constantly and extensively.
That ended up including any citizen reports about unusual phenomena, which may describe anything from a possible Soviet attack to the product of a child's overactive imagination.
But it could also be partly attributed to basic fear: not of actual aliens, for the most part — but fear of the unknown.
"The real fear, it seems, is the fact that these things are simply unidentified," said Jones-Imhotep.
Historian Edward Jones-Imhotep explains that the paranoia around aliens in the late 21st century can be partially explained by real-world anxieties of the Cold War.
(Angela Lewis)
"It's the idea that perhaps they're aliens, perhaps are extraterrestrials, but more threatening than that is just the idea that there are things that you don't know about — the things that you can't identify."
From a political viewpoint, fear of the unknown can percolate down to colour citizens' perception of the unknown. The language about aliens in popular culture at the time, which could reflect intrigue or xenophobia, could just as easily be applied to a hostile foreign power.
If you can create or stoke this kind of fear of aliens ... you can also end up translating that same language into fear of the Soviets.-
Edward Jones-Imhotep
"They have hostile motives. They can't be trusted. They're up to these secret projects," said Jones-Imhotep.
"If you can create or stoke this kind of fear of aliens, there's a way that you can also end up translating that same language into fear of the Soviets."
Citizen science
Whatever one may think of the veracity of the UFO reports — or of the reliability of the people who made these reports — it's hard not to be overwhelmed by the sheer volume of the files that currently live in the government's digital archives.
And while the approach might seem scattershot at first glance, it was in fact done with a purpose in mind.
Lorraine Daston, executive director of the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, describes the project as "an involuntary exercise in citizen science" that covered more ground than any single scientific mission could.
(Ben Shannon/CBC)
"It's often very difficult to detect patterns unless you have an enormous haul of data," she explained.
"Even though 15,000 [pages] sounds like a large number, if you're scanning the sky every night for a decade, it's not that many. So they're [relatively] rare."
There aren't enough scientists or government inspectors interested in possibly paranormal events to cover all that ground — so they turned to volunteers.
Professional skepticism
In the end, none of the reports gathered by the Canadian government — or any other government, as far as we're aware — provided undisputed proof that aliens have ever made contact with humans.
But they still provide some insight into the intelligence-gathering strategies of the time. They also provide some entertaining reading.
An excerpt from a 1990 report out of Bloodvein First Nation, Man., where multiple community members alleged to have witnessed 'a U.F.O. and little men.'
(Library and Archives Canada)
Take this note that Hayes found, of a meteorological officer from the Department of Transport describing a 1968 report of an unidentified flying object over Frobisher Bay.
"[The officer] is of the opinion that the object was an experimental or weather balloon at a height of well over 100,000 feet."
It continues: "There have been no reports of landing by little green men or other weird non-world creatures. Furthermore, there have been no reports that all our women are pregnant."
Written by Jonathan Ore. This episode was produced by Nicola Luksic and Tom Howell.
Our guests for this program:
Matthew Hayes is a PhD student in Canadian Studies at Trent University. His thesis centres on the roughly 15,000 pages of UFO-related documents archived by the Canadian government from the early Cold War to 1995.
Edward Jones-Imhotep is an associate professor of history at York University. His work centres on the social and cultural life of machines. He is the author of The Unreliable Nation: Hostile Nature and Technological Failure in the Cold War.
Stan Michalak's father Stefan experienced Canada's most famous UFO sighting at Falcon Lake in 1967.
Chris Rutkowski co-authored the book about the Falcon Lake incident with Stan Michalak. He is a science writer with a special interest in UFO sightings.
Lorraine Daston is the director of the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science. She is the author of numerous books on the history of science and co-editor of Biographies of Scientific Objects.
Massimo Pigliucci is a professor of philosophy at City University New York and author of Nonsense on Stilts: How to Tell Science from Bunk.
‘UFO’ haalt energie uit bliksemschicht. Dit opzienbarende filmpje is zojuist viraal gegaan
‘UFO’ haalt energie uit bliksemschicht. Dit opzienbarende filmpje is zojuist viraal gegaan
Een bizar YouTube-filmpje van een UFO die energie uit een bliksemschicht zou onttrekken, is viraal gegaan. De video is geplaatst door het kanaal SecureTeam10, meldt Fox News.
Het filmpje toont naar verluidt een object bij een bliksemschicht in de lucht boven Tsjechië. De video is enkele dagen geleden geplaatst en al meer dan een half miljoen keer bekeken.
Natuurlijke energiebronnen
Een ‘driehoekige UFO’ zou de schicht met gemak volgen. Sommigen zeggen dat het inderdaad om een UFO gaat, terwijl anderen denken dat het een hoax is.
“Ze laden duidelijk hun ‘batterijen’ op door gebruik te maken van natuurlijke energiebronnen,” schreef iemand.
“Aliens zijn niet echt, ze zijn in de jaren veertig verzonnen door Hollywood,” schreef iemand anders.
Back to the Future
Meerdere mensen trokken een parallel met de filmreeks Back to the Future omdat een bliksemschicht ervoor zorgde dat de auto van Marty McFly kon vliegen.
“Doc Brown deed het in Back to the Future en nu gebruiken aliens bliksemschichten om hun vaartuigen aan te drijven,” klonk het.
WETENSCHAP & PLANEET Over een paar jaar vliegt er een helikopter rond op Mars. De Verenigde Staten bouwen een klein vaartuigje, dat rond 2020 naar de rode planeet moet vertrekken en daar in 2021 moet aankomen. Het is de eerste keer dat een machine zelfstandig gaat rondvliegen op een ander hemellichaam.
De Amerikaanse ruimtevaartorganisatie NASA heeft de plannen vandaag aangekondigd. De Mars Helicopter moet samen met een onbemand karretje, Mars 2020 genaamd, worden gelanceerd. De helikopter weegt net geen twee kilo en de wieken draaien 3000 rondjes per minuut, ongeveer tien keer zo snel als op aarde. Dat is nodig omdat de lucht op Mars veel ijler is dan de lucht hier.
De helikopter moet helemaal zelf zijn vlucht plannen en beslissingen nemen. Elke opdracht van de vluchtleiding op aarde zou pas een paar minuten later aankomen op Mars, te laat om in te grijpen als dat nodig is.
De helikopter is een experiment. Als het niet lukt, is er niets aan de hand, zegt de NASA. Maar als het wel werkt, kunnen ‘marskopters’ gebieden verkennen waar karretjes niet naartoe kunnen rijden.
It was in August 1951 that renowned mountain-climber Eric Shipton embarked upon his fifth expedition to Mount Everest, along with climbers Sir Edmund Hillary, Earle Riddiford, Mike Ward, Sherpa Sen Tensing, and several others. As the expedition neared its end, and while the team explored an area to the southwest of Everest known as Gauri Sankar, mysterious footprints were found – and photographed. Shipton stated: “It was on one of the glaciers of the Menlung basin, at a height of about 19,000 feet, that, late one afternoon we came across those curious footprints in the snow.” He continued: “I have in the past found many sets of these curious footprints and have tried to follow them, but have always lost them. Sen Tensing, who had no doubt whatever that the creatures – for there had been at least two – that had made the tracks were ‘Yetis’ or wild men, told me that two years before, he and a number of other Sherpas had seen one of them at a distance of about 25 yards at Thyangboche.”
Shipton added that: “He [Tensing] described it as half man and half beast, standing about five feet six inches, with a tall pointed head. Whatever it was that he had seen, he was convinced that it was neither a bear nor a monkey.” And the idea that the prints were made by the famous Yeti was bolstered in the minds of Shipton, his colleagues, and the media of the day, as a direct result of the startling fact that they were an impressive 13 inches long and 8 inches wide.
Not everyone was convinced, however. Dr. T.C.S. Morrison-Scott of the Natural History Department of the British Museum was certain that Shipton had been fooled by nothing stranger than the tracks of a langur monkey – an animal that is common to the Himalayas, and that is not unlike the creatures reportedly seen by Sherpa Tensing. The flaw in this theory, however, was that the langur is five-toed and generally walks on all-fours; whereas the creature that made the prints in the Shipton photographs was clearly four-toed, massive, and appeared to walk exclusively on two feet.
Langur Monkey
Indeed, Shipton himself recognized the problems with the langur theory when he stated in The Six Mountain Travel Books: “Of the various theories that have been advanced to account for these tracks, the only one which is in any way plausible is that they were made by a langur monkey, and even this is very far from convincing, as I believe those who have suggested it would be the first to admit.” Perhaps not surprisingly, the controversy was never firmly resolved to everyone’s satisfaction and, as a result, has rumbled on at a steady pace in monster-hunting circles ever since. Moving on from the Shipton photographs, further intriguing evidence exists that leads many modern-day Yeti-seekers to conclude that the Abominable Snowman is far more than just the stuff of legend, fantasy and misidentification.
The creature has a long history in both Nepal and Tibet, and tales of encounters with the hairy animal have been reported for centuries. As far back as 1832, for example, explorer B.H. Hodgson reported in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal that the existence of a large, ape-like creature of the Himalayas had long been known to the people of Nepal. Similarly, in 1889, in the pages of Among the Himalayas, writer and adventurer L.A. Waddell recorded that he had heard countless stories of the legendary giant ape from those who lived among the mountains. Most feared of all by the locals of Tibet and Nepal centuries ago was the Nyalmo: a fierce and gigantic beast said to be related to the Yeti that reputedly inhabited the mountain-tops and supposedly grew to an astonishing height of fifteen feet.
The Yeti takes its name from the ancient Tibetan word yeh-teh, which literally translates as “rock bear.” For many Tibetans, however, the Yeti is not a physical animal. Rather, it is perceived as being a paranormal creature: a spectral animal that is most successfully seen while the witness is in a trance-like, altered state. The far more evocative term of Abominable Snowman originated in 1921, with Henry Newman, a writer for the Calcutta, India-based Statesman newspaper. It was in 1921 that Britain’s Royal Geographical Society launched an expedition to the Himalayas that was led by Lieutenant Colonel Charles Howard-Bury. During the course of the expedition, Howard-Bury came across unusual footprints that the local Sherpa guides claimed originated with what they called the metoh-kangmi – or “the man-bear snowman.”
When the story was told to Henry Newman of the Statesman, however, Newman mistakenly interpreted the word “metoh” to mean “filthy.” And while the term “filthy snowman” sounded merely amusing, Newman eventually came up with the far more headline-grabbing and ominous name of the Abominable Snowman. And, thus, the monster of the Himalayas quickly became a household word and sightings of the beast abounded. In 1925, Greek photographer N.A. Tombini claimed to have seen a Yeti high on the Himalayas. “Unquestionably, the figure in outline was exactly like a human being, walking upright and stopping to uproot or pull at some dwarf rhododendron bushes,” he said, adding: “It showed up dark against the snow and, as far as I could make out, wore no clothes.”
Sir Edmund Hillary
In 1953, Sir Edmund Hillary reported finding large, unknown footprints while he climbed Mount Everest; and in 1970 British mountain-climber Don Whillans watched through binoculars as a hairy, ape-like animal apparently searched for food a short distance from his camp on Annapurna, a series of 55-kilometre-long peaks in the Himalayas. In January 1987, a small Yeti was said to have attacked a young boy in northern Kashmir, who reportedly proceeded to hit the creature on the head with a pot until it released him. And, in 2000, a woman claimed to have seen a giant, hairy, man-like animal roaming her land in Medog County, which can be found in southeast Tibet. Since then, sightings have dramatically declined.
There’s only one way to know for certain if Congress is behind something … if it opens its wallet (well, our wallet) and pays for it. Congress has proposed a new “National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2018” bill and buried in its 53 pages is a recommendation to spend $10 million on the “search for technosignatures, such as radio transmissions” per year for the next two fiscal years. This is the first time in 25 years that Congress has considered using tax dollars to search for extraterrestrial intelligence. Those who believe the US government (or any government) has already been in contact with – and is possibly working with – aliens will wonder why it would be spending money for something it has already done. OK, governments do that all the time – it’s called “keeping your constituents happy.” But why suddenly spend money again on SETI? Is this a coverup or a distraction?
“You need to remember that this is an authorization bill, not an appropriations bill. Even if it passes, the appropriators may not provide any SETI funding in their bill. But if they do, that would be a very big deal.”
That’s astronomer Jill Tarter, the former director of the SETI Institute and inspiration for Ellie Arroway in Carl Sagan’s novel “Contact” and played in the movie by Jodie Foster, explaining to Live Science what kids would already know if they still watched Schoolhouse Rock’s “I’m Just a Bill.” As someone who has fought all her life for funding, Tarter is obviously excited about the possibility of getting $20 million from the government. But what are the REAL chances of the bill being passed and SETI getting the money?
The answer starts with the sponsor of the bill – Texas congressional representative Lamar Smith. That booing and hissing you hear when his name is mentioned comes from those who know he’s the Head of the House Science Committee and a climate change denier who has taken contributions from the oil and gas industries. On the positive side (most politicians really do have both sides), Smith has an interest in astronomy and is willing to put his name on a bill that actually spends money on NASA – not exactly a popular cause in Washington these days.
However (there’s always a ‘however’), Smith is retiring at the end of his term and will not run for re-election in 2018. Knowing he won’t be around to fight for it, is Smith sponsoring this bill just for show? Also, this comes at the same time President Trump’s administration ended funding for NASA’s Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) which tracked carbon dioxide and its role in … you guessed it … climate change.
If this is a serious proposal to fund NASA in future attempts at communications with ETs, that’s great. But is it? Why is SETI funding being proposed to a Congress and administration that is clearly not a fan of the parts of NASA that have to do with the planet we live on? Is this a distraction to cover up a contact that has already occurred? Does this bill have any chance of passing?
Strange UFO with blue light caught over Orange County, California
Strange UFO with blue light caught over Orange County, California
Ashley McAdams has filmed a strange UFO in the sky over Orange County, California on May 10, 2018.
While driving on the highway she saw a strange object with a blue light flying parallel with the highway.
The UFO is certainly not a reflection in the window because the object disappears behind the trees and at a certain moment the object even speeds up. Could it be a drone or is it something else.
I found another figure on Mars today. I think this makes the total around 15 or so. This figure is similar in appearance to a human and is an ancient statue of a intelligent species that once lived in this area of Mars. As you can see, it has arms and legs, and even a pointed hat. The statue is about 12-16 inches tall. I wonder if this statue was once a real person who was petrified by some unknown type of weapon. When it comes to governments...they like weapons that instill fear into its enemies...what does this more than a weapon that turns the flesh to stone...to stand as a symbol for thousands of years to warn others.
This figure is close to another discovery I made today...a large Greek style face. The face is large and on the edge of a structure.
Ancient Structure On Mars Is 1.8 KM Long! Found On Google Mars Map, May 2018, UFO Sighting News.
Ancient Structure On Mars Is 1.8 KM Long! Found On Google Mars Map, May 2018, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: May 9, 2018
Location of discovery: Mars
Google Mars coordinates: 10°20'41.53"S 75°11'31.99"W
I found this ancient structure on Mars using Google Mars Map. According to Google ruler, the structure is .35 km tall and 1.84 km long. That is one massive building. There are also two roads or ramps that lead away from the structure. The building has a flat smooth top, possible for landing something on top of. Defiantly gives astronomers a lot to think about with this one.
UFO Hunters Discover Apparent Alien Warrior Statue On Mars
UFO Hunters Discover Apparent Alien Warrior Statue On Mars
UFO researchers believe they have finally discovered proof of life on Mars after finding what they think to be a hat of an ancient warrior after scouring photos of the Red Planet’s surface.
Bristol space video journalist Joe White claimed he had found images of a fallen statue from Curiosity Rover images. The images appear to show the head of an ancient warrior woman.
Mr White uploaded the images to his YouTube channel ArtAleinTV – MARSZOO. He said in the video descriptions that he found a seemingly small feminine statue head in Gale Crater on Mars in the Curiosity image from NASA.
He said that it seemed to only have a few inches in size or less.
The statue looks like a female warrior with a helmet from the middle ages on Earth. It has an apparent emblem on the forehead and with facial features similar to an Egyptian.
Mr White claimed that this is one of the hundreds of similar artefacts he has discovered on Mars in recent years, which he believed may go further to show that Mars had an ancient and artistic civilisation in the past.
How long ago is the question.
Some followers of Mr White believed it was a statue. However, many others thought it was just a part of pareidolia phenomenon.
Pareidolia is when the eyes are tricked by the brain into seeing familiar shapes or objects, such patterns, textures, faces, animals, clouds, the surface of a rock, etc.
One viewer wrote that was most likely a rock that looks like a face. They don’t believe it was something unusual in any way.
Showers of high energy particles occur when energetic cosmic rays strike the top of the Earth's atmosphere. Most cosmic rays are atomic nuclei: most are hydrogen nuclei, some are helium nuclei, and the rest heavier elements. Although many of the low energy cosmic rays come from our Sun, the origins of the highest energy cosmic rays remains unknown and a topic of much research. This drawing illustrates air showers from very high energy cosmic rays.
Credit: Simon Swordy (U. Chicago), NASA
Cosmic rays are atom fragments that rain down on the Earth from outside of the solar system. They blaze at the speed of light and have been blamed for electronics problems in satellites and other machinery.
Discovered in 1912, many things about cosmic rays remain a mystery more than a century later. One prime example is exactly where they are coming from. Most scientists suspect their origins are related to supernovas (star explosions), but the challenge is that for many years cosmic ray origins appeared uniform to observatories examining the entire sky.
A large leap forward in cosmic ray science came in 2017, when the Pierre Auger Observatory (which is spread over 3,000 square kilometers, or 1,160 square miles, in western Argentina) studied the arrival trajectories of 30,000 cosmic particles. It concluded that there is a difference in how frequently these cosmic rays arrive, depending on where you look. While their origins are still nebulous, knowing where to look is the first step in learning where they came from, the researchers said. The results were published in Science.
Cosmic rays can even be used for applications outside of astronomy. In November 2017, a research team discovered a possible void in the Great Pyramid of Giza, which was built around 2560 B.C., using cosmic rays. The researchers found this cavity using muon tomography, which examines cosmic rays and their penetrations through solid objects.
History
While cosmic rays were only discovered in the 1900s, scientists knew something mysterious was going on as early as the 1780s. That's when French physicist Charles-Augustin de Coulomb — best known for having a unit of electrical charge named after him — observed an electrically charged sphere suddenly and mysteriously not being charged any more.
At the time, air was thought to be an insulator and not an electric conductor. With more work, however, scientists discovered that air can conduct electricity if its molecules are charged or ionized. This would most commonly happen when the molecules interact with charged particles or X-rays.
But where these charged particles came from was a mystery; even attempts to block the charge with large amounts of lead were coming up empty. On Aug. 7, 1912, physicist Victor Hess flew a high-altitude balloon to 17,400 feet (5,300 meters). He discovered three times more ionizing radiation there than on the ground, which meant the radiation had to be coming from outer space.
Among the products of these star explosions are gamma-ray photons, which (unlike cosmic rays) are not affected by magnetic fields. The gamma-rays studied had the same energy signature as subatomic particles called neutral pions. Pions are produced when protons get stuck in a magnetic field inside the shockwave of the supernova and crash into each other.
In other words, the matching energy signatures showed that protons could move at fast enough speeds within supernovas to create cosmic rays.
Current science
We know today that galactic cosmic rays are atom fragments such as protons (positively charged particles), electrons (negatively charged particles) and atomic nuclei. While we know now they can be created in supernovas, there may be other sources available for cosmic ray creation. It also isn't clear exactly how supernovas are able to make these cosmic rays so fast.
Cosmic rays constantly rain down on Earth, and while the high-energy "primary" rays collide with atoms in the Earth's upper atmosphere and rarely make it through to the ground, "secondary" particles are ejected from this collision and do reach us on the ground.
But by the time these cosmic rays get to Earth, it's impossible to trace where they came from. That's because their path has been changed as they travelled through multiple magnetic fields (the galaxy's, the solar system's and Earth's itself.)
Scientists are trying to trace back cosmic ray origins by looking at what the cosmic rays are made of. Scientists can figure this out by looking at the spectroscopic signature each nucleus gives off in radiation, and also by weighing the different isotopes (types) of elements that hit cosmic ray detectors.
The result, NASA adds, shows very common elements in the universe. Roughly 90 percent of cosmic ray nuclei are hydrogen (protons) and 9 percent are helium (alpha particles). Hydrogen and helium are the most abundant elements in the universe and the origin point for stars, galaxies and other large structures. The remaining 1 percent are all elements, and it's from that 1 percent that scientists can best search for rare elements to make comparisons between different types of cosmic rays. The Pierre Auger Observatory collaboration found some variations in the arrival trajectories of cosmic rays in 2017, providing some hints about where the rays could have originated.
In 2016, a NASA spacecraft found most cosmic rays likely come from (relatively) nearby clusters of massive stars. The agency's Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) spacecraft detected cosmic rays with a radioactive form of iron known as iron-60. Since this form of cosmic ray degrades over time, scientists estimate it must have originated no more than 3,000 light-years from Earth — the equivalent distance of the width of the local spiral arm in the Milky Way.
An experiment called ISS-CREAM (Cosmic Ray Energetics and Mass) launched to the International Space Station in 2017. It is expected to operate for three years, answering questions such as whether supernovas generate most cosmic ray particles, when cosmic ray particles originated, and if all the energy spectra seen for cosmic rays can be explained by a single mechanism. The ISS also hosts the CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET), which searches for the highest-energy types of cosmic rays. CALET launched there in 2015.
Cosmic rays can also be detected by balloon, such as through the Super Trans-Iron Galactic Element Recorder (SuperTIGER) experiment that includes participation from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and several universities. It has flown several times, including a record 55-day flight over Antarctica between December 2012 and January 2013. "With the data from this flight we are studying the origin of cosmic rays. Specifically, testing the emerging model of cosmic-ray origins in OB associations, as well as models for determining which particles will be accelerated," the SuperTIGER website said.
Citizen scientists can also participate in the search for cosmic rays by registering at the website crayfis.io. There, they will join the CRAYFIS experiment run by the Laboratory of Methods for Big Data Analysis (LAMBDA) at the National Research University Higher School of Economics in Russia. Researchers there are examining ultra-high energy cosmic rays using mobile phones.
Space radiation concerns
Earth's magnetic field and atmosphere shields the planet from 99.9 percent of the radiation from space. However, for people outside the protection of Earth's magnetic field, space radiation becomes a serious hazard. An instrument aboard the Curiosity Mars rover during its 253-day cruise to Mars revealed that the radiation dose received by an astronaut on even the shortest Earth-Mars round trip would be about 0.66 sievert. This amount is like receiving a whole-body CT scan every five or six days.
A dose of 1 sievert is associated with a 5.5 percent increase in the risk of fatal cancers. The normal daily radiation dose received by the average person living on Earth is 10 microsieverts (0.00001 sievert).
The moon has no atmosphere and a very weak magnetic field. Astronauts living there would have to provide their own protection, for example by burying their habitat underground.
Mars has no global magnetic field. Particles from the sun have stripped away most of Mars' atmosphere, resulting in very poor protection against radiation at the surface. The highest air pressure on Mars is equal to an altitude of 22 miles (35 kilometers) above the Earth's surface. At low altitudes, Mars' atmosphere provides slightly better protection from space radiation.
In 2017, NASA made some upgrades to its Space Radiation Laboratory (located at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York) to do more studies into how cosmic rays may affect astronauts on long voyages, including to Mars. These upgrades allow researchers to alter types of ions, and the intensity of energy, more easily due to software control.
Look up, way up when you are outside at night. What do you see? If you are fortunate enough to live in a low light pollution area you should see many, many tiny points of light. Each of those tiny specks of light represents varying degrees of our universal collective past. Most of those little specks of light are in actuality stellar mass objects, all fusing hydrogen and depending on its place on the main sequence of stars will fuse Helium into heavier elements. Humanities best and technologically advanced eyes can see millions if not billions of light years away. Everywhere stars, everywhere vast emptiness of one particle per meter density in interstellar space. The Universe essentially looks the same in every direction. There is no center of mass or center of the Universe. No specialty, no regions of space are any more or less special than the rest. Our 90’ish billion light years wide Hubble volume does not play favorites.
Most of these crucibles of helium are not sufficiently different than our closest crucible the Sun. These crucibles come in a vast range of sizes but all function generally the same. Science has gathered irrefutable evidence over the past decade that most stars have planetary systems. Seems to the rule to have planets as opposed to the exception. The grand homogenous appearance of the Universe is key.
Stars come and go in varying degrees of subatomic crunch or mammoth nebula creating explosions. Our Sun is at least a second generation star in this local region of our galaxy. The first star in our neighborhood lived its life and died. It went supernova creating all the elements that make up our periodic table and beyond. Our planet was formed through the powers of accretion. We are supernova detritus. Our planet itself and all life owe everything to that first generation star that gave up the fusion.
Through the mystic arts of chemistry, physics, and of deep time chemical and cellular organization occurred. Life the most basic of life came to be. Life on Earth is an incredibly strong and resilient thing. Our ancient ancestors have survived at least 7 mass extinction events. Yet we persevered and thrived. We have survived very long odds indeed. Every living thing represents a very long unbroken line of winning organisms. Those are the ones that survived to divide and multiply themselves. We are all winners of a very dangerous and very prolonged game of life.
That makes us, all life on Earth, a very improbable very unlikely thing in the grand scheme of things. But yet here we are. When the totality of all the real estate, vast emptiness of interstellar space, and deep time is considered we are of value in our uniqueness. Our uniqueness in our life expressions is vast. There are over 12 million different forms of life spanning all kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, families, genera, and species. Our tree of life is fractal in nature when you look back through the eons.
NHI – Non-Human Intelligence
Whether you believe that this phenomenon is just machine constructions from some distant off-world construction yard or if you believe that they come from a different reality than ours may not matter. Our limited monkey brains may not be able to discern the two apart. Either what we are seeing is sufficiently advanced technology or of a high strange nature, or both. In this day and age Clarke’s three laws need a new interpretation:
When a distinguished but elderly scientist states that something is possible, he is almost certainly right. When he states that something is impossible, he is very probably wrong.
The only way of discovering the limits of the possible is to venture a little way past them into the impossible.
Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.
Being a scientist since the zygote I realize that our human expression of what we call science is woefully incomplete. When you see a scientist speaking in absolutes you can assume that some form of tunnel vision is going on. We just do not know all that much about how the Universe works. We have had science for only a couple hundred years. Only a few hundred rotations around the sun seem to give some people the idea that the current understanding of the Universe is somehow complete. We only think we know a lot about the Universe in comparison to our complete ignorance of centuries past. Our knowledge is an asymptote that approaches zero. Think of it this way, we do not even know what makes up 84.5% of the universe’s mass and thus its corresponding gravity fields. Not a single living human can claim to know what dark matter is. I hate that name “dark matter”. It is not physical matter at all it is something completely different. It is not any of our know states of mater nor energy. It is something that our science has no accepted hypothesis to explain it’s shadowy influence. Dark matter is permeating YOU at this very moment. You can’t see it, can’t feel it, but its there. It is a very real phenomenon that our 5 senses can not perceive. Our best instruments cannot even directly see it, we can just see it indirectly through its influence.
Being a logical being I can not be so arrogant or narrow-minded in my belief that I or any other dominant primate have it all figured out. I would have to be self-deluded to think I or anyone else was an expert or last word on anything in which 84.5% of the problem is completely unknown. But that is what science does. It is great at analyzing and making all the cool gadgets we all use. But it is the wrong toolbox to truly understand the Universe. Our primate logic and anthropomorphic belief systems make us think we are mighty. We are just children in the Universe. We are the problem children.
Last year I had a series of very high strange events. What happened to me shook me out of my closed-minded science only view of the Universe. I am still an atheist to any and all religions. But, I do now know that there is much more to all this then we can see and observe, or ever will observe with our very human consensus reality. In an offhanded way, I publicly asked for it to happen to me. Be careful what you ask for with conviction sometimes something is listening. Some of my readers certainly noticed a different tone in my articles. There was a reason for that.
I started to research the voluminous accounts of Non-Human Intelligence contacts.
I feel it safe to assume that anyone that is reading this and has made it thus far believes that UFO’s/UAP’s are more than just misidentifications and earthy high-tech constructions. I have seen an up-close triangular UFO at no more than 100 meters in broad daylight. That was about 5 years ago. So I know something is here. No belief required. Many of you have had similar experiences.
Now, this is where you, my dear reader may take what follows in whatever form that you can digest.
They communicate in our consciousness. I do not refer to dreams in any way. Anything that happens in dreams cannot possibly be subjectively analyzed or ever be separated from internal imagery, those accounts I dismiss (but not invalidate) for my analysis. The Universe is not that simple where we can expect Klatu to tool up in a shiny new saucer get out and speak English. A true alien will have truly alien communication methodology.
If you investigate the myriad of accounts of high strange events it soon becomes evident that there are common threads of experience from people that are separated in both distance and time. This intelligence may be the occupants of those crafts in the sky or it could be something we have not thought of yet or could think of.
There appears to be some sort of mass contact going on.
People from all walks of life are having experiences they cannot explain during wakeful hours. I do realize that the majority of people who read this are not going to be in this minority that has had high strange contact… Yet! If it helps you think about this take it as science fiction. Just remember that science fiction becomes accepted reality as we develop and solve previously insurmountable problems with new eyes and dedication. To meme it.. science fiction becomes science fact more often than not.
This is a “First Contact” situation for people that have had it.
To hypothesize an intelligence that is either billions of years more evolved, from dimensions andor regions unfathomable to us, or some high powered version of Carl Jung’s “Collective Unconscious” may not ultimately matter in this equation. We are the limiting factor in this communication. The contact modalities vary greatly like human minds vary greatly.
This communication of contact is traumatic to some and exalting to others. But it is clear when you see all the commonalities and synchronicities that something has taken great interest in us. By us, I mean all life on Earth, not just us dominant primates. It is a communication that has no parallel in colloquial life. Words do not describe it to any sufficient degree.
To me, it looks like there is a Planetary Disaster Recovery Plan (P.D.R.P.) being executed. It is a process or set of procedures to recover and protect a concern in the event of a disaster. That disaster is one we humans are causing willfully every day when we support the status quo. This intelligence being possibly masters of time and space from our perspective may know our planetary fate. Something is being done about it. If you are familiar with the canon of UFOlogy this idea fits better than any other hypothesis to explain what we are seeing. Some people are being educated, some people are being abducted, some people are having a much less violating experience. But without exception, a contactee is profoundly changed by the experience. They are shaking us out of our slumber in a way. A slumber that we can no longer afford.
I have no idea as to the criteria of contact. There does not seem to be any geographic, socio-economic, or ethnic correlations that I can find. No one is more likely to have it than any other at least statistically. There must be other aspects of us humans that are being identified as worthy of contact. It probably comes down to the ability to perceive them. Possibly some peoples neurology and psychology makes this contact impossible or at least improbable.
There is an organization that has done ultimately more research in all this than I. I would like to introduce you to FREE.
FREE was formally incorporated as a not for profit academic research institute on July 15, 2015, by various retired Ph.D. physicists, scientists and lay researchers to research “WHAT IS CONSCIOUSNESS” by undertaking cross-comparative research on individuals who have had various types of contact with non-human intelligence via diverse paranormal “Contact Modalities”. The majority of our FREE Board of Directors hypothesize that all of these “Contact Modalities” are interconnected through what is commonly called “CONSCIOUSNESS” and that advanced physics, in particular, the Quantum Hologram Theory of Physics and Consciousness, as developed by Dr. Edgar Mitchell and Dr. Rudy Schild can possibly describe how all of these diverse paranormal “Contact Modalities” are interrelated.
FREE and Experiencer.org are what UFOlogy and phenomenology have been waiting for. UFOlogy has always been in dire need of academics, doctors, and scientists to get involved. You will be amazed at all the respected scientists involved in this effort.
Well, here it is. This is UFOlogy 2.0.
Just remember that we know nearly nothing about the Universe and how it operates. It is a way too early in our collective quest to understand the unknown to be sure about anything. It would be intellectual laziness to think that what we see is all there is.
Has the British Ministry of Defence Released All of Its UFO Files?
Has the British Ministry of Defence Released All of Its UFO Files?
Robert Hastings says “No!” and Nick Pope Agrees
THIS ARTICLE WAS ORIGINALLY PUBLISHED IN 2013
A new BBC online article, dated June 20, 2013 and titled “UFO sightings: Files explain why MoD closed down special desk”, discusses what I consider to be a calculated decision by the British government to feign a lack of interest in the UFO phenomenon, even as public sighting reports in the UK reached a very high level. At the conclusion of this article, former MoD UFO specialist Nick Pope comments, agreeing with my assessment.
In response to the story, I posted the following comment:
By Robert Hastings The UFO Chronicles 5-10-18
“The U.S. Air Force used this same sleight-of-hand in 1969 to get the American public off its back by closing down Project Blue Book. Years later, FOIA requests forced the release of U.S. government files which proved that other groups, including the CIA and NSA, continued to secretly study national security-related UFO incidents in America. Hopefully the British public won't be duped by this ruse.” Were it not for a word-count limit, I would have added that the USAF’s Office of Special Investigations (AFOSI) were also involved in sensitive UFO investigations, something not mentioned by the Pentagon during its Blue Book closure announcement.
Similarly, the real situation regarding official interest in UFOs in the UK is far different than the MoD—and its de facto debunking spokesman, Dr. David Clarke—portray when discussing the topic in the media. For example, over the past five years, information has emerged relating to the famous Rendlesham Forest incidents, in December 1980, which confirms that a bona fide UFO was indeed tracked by both British and American radars in the area.
My 2007 tape recorded interviews with the two USAF air traffic controllers on duty at RAF Bentwaters during that time-frame may be read in an article at my website, which also contains a published statement by retired MoD UFO Desk administrator, Nick Pope, regarding former RAF radar operator Nigel Kerr’s independent radar tracking of the same unidentified aerial object.
Significantly, one of the USAF controllers, Ike Barker, told me that the UFO—which appeared as an orange-colored sphere, approximately the size of an F-111 fighter/bomber—had been spotted out the window of the air traffic control tower at the exact moment it was observed to be momentarily hovering on the tower’s radar scope. It then moved rapidly away in the direction of the base’s Weapons Storage Area (WSA) which contained tactical nuclear bombs, according to multiple USAF sources I have interviewed.
RAF Bentwaters’ American Deputy Base Commander at the time, then-Lt. Col. Charles Halt, has been on-the-record about the incident at the WSA since 1991, saying that while he was leading a security team in nearby Rendlesham Forest that night, investigating strange lights seen there, he had heard frantic radio chatter from Security Policemen posted at the bomb depot, reporting that the UFO was hovering near the facility and directing laser-like beams down into it.
While Barker’s testimony differs somewhat in the details, compared with Halt’s account, it does provide a general corroboration of a UFO presence near the WSA in the pre-dawn hours of December 28, 1980. (It may well be that the UFO made more than one pass near the facility, which would explain the discrepancies in their statements: Barker said the UFO flew extremely fast in a southwesterly direction, passing just to the west of the WSA; he did not see it hover nearby the bunker complex or send down beams into it, as the radio chatter heard by Halt indicated.)
So, according to a former USAF deputy base commander and a USAF air traffic controller, a bona fide UFO actually maneuvered very near the largest nuclear weapons storage depot in Western Europe, located in Suffolk, England. Moreover, Col. Halt says security personnel at the site reported that the aerial object apparently targeted at least one of the bunkers there with laser-like rays.
(In 1994, I interviewed another retired USAF colonel, whose identity must remain confidential, who confirmed the incident and further stated that two tactical nukes were subsequently removed from the Bentwaters WSA and flown aboard a C-5A cargo aircraft to Kirtland AFB, New Mexico, for analysis. This individual said that the report he read about the event did not mention the technical findings resulting from that investigation and, therefore, he could not say whether the two bombs had been adversely affected by the beams.)
In spite of these dramatic revelations, the MoD officially claims that its records show no evidence of a UFO threat to the UK’s national security. Clearly, important facts about the Rendlesham Forest incidents are still being suppressed by the British government, despite its recently-hyped claim that it is being transparent with the public regarding its knowledge—or more accurately, lack of knowledge—about the UFO phenomenon.
Moreover, one of the now-retired USAF Security Policemen involved in the multiple UFO events at Rendlesham/RAF Bentwaters that week, Technical Sergeant Jim Penniston, says that Ministry of Defence personnel were present for his harsh debriefing following his encounter with a landed UFO in the woods during the early hours of December 26th. While their role may have been a passive one—leaving the questioning to two USAF officers who were not introduced and whom Penniston did not recognize—the mere presence of persons working for MoD's Air Staff secretariat DS8 hints at an interest in the events in Rendlesham Forest not reflected in the files declassified by the MoD's UFO Desk in the recent past.
In summary, it appears that what the MoD has been engaging in is the selectivedeclassification of UFO-related files, whereby low-level, generally mundane documents are released with much media fanfare, while very sensitive files continue to be withheld from public view. The practice is commonly called “spin”. The purpose of this propaganda tactic is to alter the actual story of official interest in the UFO phenomenon, so that it appears as if there exists only minimal concern or none at all.
My comprehensive exposé on the MoD’s deliberate duplicity and debunker David Clarke’s witting or unwitting role in foisting this UFO disinformation on the British people, may be read at my website.
Robert Hastings adds:
Upon completion of this article, I sent it to former Ministry of Defence UFO Desk administrator Nick Pope, and requested his candid opinion regarding my contentions. In particular, I asked Pope to provide his assessment of Dr. David Clarke’s self-created role as the authoritative interpreter of the reasons for, and significance of, the MoD’s release of classified UFO documents—a self-serving ploy that members of the British media seem to have swallowed unreservedly. As one will read, Mr. Pope puts things in their proper perspective.
Nick Pope responds:
Classified Documents in the MoD's UFO Files
Project Condign's final report was classified Secret UK Eyes Only, as were some of the supporting papers. Some of the minutes recording discussions relating to the setting up of the Flying Saucer Working Party were classified Top Secret. However, the UK's Freedom of Information Act contains wide-ranging exemptions covering areas such as defense, security and intelligence, among others.
All documents passed to the National Archives will have been reviewed by MoD before being sent out (this is one of the reasons why the release program took five years), so anything released to the public is either unclassified, or is now judged to be unclassified, whatever the original classification. Careful scrutiny of the released material shows plenty of documents have been redacted or withheld in entirety. And that's not including several of the more interesting files, documents, films and photographs that the MoD claims have been "inadvertently destroyed" or "lost".
Access to Classified Information
In government, access to classified information is a product of your security clearance and your 'need to know'. Thus, in a sense, you can never say for sure whether you're privy to all the information on any particular topic, because even if you're the "Subject Matter Expert", there may not just be specific things to which you're denied access, but areas the existence of which you're not even aware. Think of this in terms of 'unknown unknowns'. So while I had a Top Secret SCI security clearance for much of my MoD career and certainly believe I saw all the UFO files, I can't be certain: "I don't know what I don't know" is another way that those of us who have dealt with highly-classified material sometimes characterize this situation.
David Clarke
To clarify David Clarke's role, he's a ufologist, formerly with the British UFO Research Association. He's done some volunteer clerical work for the UK's National Archives on the Ministry of Defense UFO files and got to do a few interviews on the subject when each batch of files was released—generally when I was unavailable. In relation to the final batch of files he got a few more interviews than usual, simply because I now live in America and there were limits to what I could do with the UK media.
Having done as a government job what he did as a hobby, I can confirm that Clarke has never worked for the MoD or held a security clearance. MoD redacts the files before sending them to the National Archives, so he's only ever seen the same unclassified material as any other member of the public[Hastings’ emphasis].
One MoD document referred to him as a "UFO spotter"—a disparaging term used to describe somebody with a nerdish and slightly obsessive attitude to the subject. He's a folklore buff who's interested in fairies and goblins and I've been told he privately thinks some UFOs and alien abductions may represent "some sort of supernatural phenomenon". He keeps this opinion to himself, presumably because he's worried people would think he's a nut. So he's no sinister debunker—just a slightly odd hobbyist, reading out the government press release. Some people would probably use the term "useful idiot" to describe his parroting the MoD "no defense significance" sound bite, which was designed solely to keep Parliament, the media and the public off our backs.
The Trump administration wants to make artificial intelligence great again. Or, maybe, great for the first time. We’re not really sure — the administration just announced a new AI task force that will promote American artificial intelligence efforts, but it’s not yet clear what exactly this group will do.
The Select Committee on Artificial Intelligence, an effort of the National Science and Technology Council, was announced at a May 10 White House event that hosted representatives from tech giants like Google, Amazon and Facebook. The announcement by Michael Kratsios, deputy chief technology officer and the president’s deputy assistant, was thick with aspiration, describing how robotics efforts that have seen success — such as “Robotics Row” in Pittsburgh — could be used as models to spur job growth for workers hurt by automation. Yet it was thin on details of how the task force would help accomplish that.
A press release by the White House on “Artificial Intelligence for the American People” notes efforts the Trump administration has already made to bolster the AI industry and prioritize research and development, as well as take steps to ensure that American workers are ready for the automation revolution. The AI task force isn’t mentioned.
Kratsios did note the White House’s Office of Science and Technology Policy will soon release a five-year plan to improve STEM education, including steps to grow the number of students working in AI research.
The U.S. is already making significant investments in artificial intelligence; according to the Washington Post, the White House estimates that the U.S. government spent over $2 billion in 2017 on unclassified AI development programs, plus an unknown amount on AI for classified uses like defense or intelligence-gathering. Additionally, private investors in the country are spending more on AI startups than any other industry, spending around $21 billion on AI ventures in 2016 alone.
Kratsios said that the current administration will continue those investments: “To realize the full potential of AI for the American people, it will require the combined efforts of industry, academia, and government.”
He also added a curious nugget of information for the paranoid, suggesting that AI research could be improved by “opening access to the government’s vast troves of taxpayer-funded data in ways that don’t compromise privacy or security.” Taxpayer-funded data is a pretty broad category, including everything from national scientific research to city infrastructure to healthcare spending; for those that are worriedabout the potential for AI to turn on its creators, thats a lot of information that it could use against us.
So best case, this new AI task force helps usher in a new era of investment and research that make our lives easier. Worst case, it gives a digital super-intelligence the keys to our downfall. Just another day living in the future.
Artefacts With Extraterrestrial Carvings And Engravings Found In A Mexican Cave
Artefacts With Extraterrestrial Carvings And Engravings Found In A Mexican Cave
Mysterious artefacts with engravings of "extraterrestrials" and "Nacelle" unearthed in a Mexican cave is just mind blowing stuff and is next to incredible if you was to ask my opinion based on the evidence, the story and the actual statues themselves I can't help but get a little excited.
The prospects that this could literally change our history as we know it, but for the better and for a clean out of the lies, contradictions and other shady recognition from dubious sources?
A group of explorers discovered in a Mexican cave evidence of what they boast to be the best evidence of extraterrestrial contact on Earth. The group of explorers recently visited the cave and explored it in detail. In two cases, the researchers made unexpected discoveries, including several stones sculpted with images depicting etchings related to extraterrestrials. On the surface of the stones, the group of researchers found evidence of what many people interpret as "extraterrestrial spacecraft" and "humanoid beings"; One of the stones, apparently fractured in the past, evidently shows the top of a spaceship with a being that some people believe is not of this world.
The painting shown here contains an alleged alien who is next to a former leader of a prehispanic culture who receives a corn seed, as well as some other symbols that have not yet been deciphered; these artifacts have been nicknamed "stones of the first encounter".
It is said that local legends speak of a mysterious "ship" that has been hidden somewhere near the caves since time immemorial. This is the main reason why the group of explorers searched the area three months ago.
His research yielded totally unexpected results. They found what they believe is the ultimate proof that the aliens visited the Earth thousands of years ago and that they had direct contact with the ancient cultures that inhabited Mexico at that time. What the discovery suggests or what implications the group of explorers will have to see. José Aguayo explained how the INAH - National Institute of Anthropology and History - can not say anything about the discovery because it is not a typical archaeology for a main reason; the artifacts describe things that contradict the dominant story and differentiate everything we have been told about our history and origins.
If, at some point, the National Institute of Anthropology and History decided to collect the artefacts, it would have enormous implications for both parties since INAH, an official government agency, would essentially accept one of the most important "facts": the existence of beings. not earthly, they have directly influenced the ancient cultures of the whole world.
The story can be found in two places here in Spanish and here in English.
Here is another bit of research that I found online and guys it get's even more stranger and stranger because of the look of these incredible statues? I must admit that I wasn't them mini statues having the look of an Alien grey? That absolutely threw me for six! The classic look of the big tear shaped eyes and the big head with a small mouth, that is the look these mini sculptures, statues have. I mean, they even have a mini baby Alien grey in the arms of the "mother Alien".
Other sculptures appear to show spaceships flying through the air. The mystery objects are reportedly popular among locals who live near the caves in an unspecified area of Mexico.
Very old statues could be up to 7,000 years old some top researchers have claimed?
In this next stone is a really, odd looking and very, very bizarre engraving of what can only be described and called a UFO? You just have to look at it in full, take it in and you can see exactly what the person who engraved this stone was trying to tell us? That Aliens are real and we've been contacted by Alien in our ancestors past? It is up for grabs and up for debate but here is a tangible, physical proof of the legend, story so that for me is as good as any evidence which quite literally proves it.
UFO MANIA - The Truth Is Out There YouTube Video link can be found here:
This next stone statue is exactly how I would carve an Alien in stone. This is what it is, if you take it for what it is and don't put any long winded spin on to it, then it is just a statue of an Alien. If you put spin on to it, then it becomes anything you want it to be?
I've found some amazing images from the actual cave in Mexico and there is overwhelming evidence of Aliens who (at one time) visited Earth and who knows, they may of even influenced the concepts of ships, trade and the exchange of ideas among each other knowing the route humanity would take.
So yeah, everything since the first contact could all of been known in advance because of the Aliens known information that once a species is enlightened to trade, travel and intelligence of inventions and numbers then the route taken is pretty much mapped out already? Who knows, the Roswell crash might of been the time when sophisticated and extremely small technology was introduced to keep us on track and stop us from killing each other in more wars like world war one and world war two?
It's pure speculation but my opinions could of happened and they might of been slightly different but not a lot because all I need to do is take away the Alien element and the rest of what I said pretty much happened like I said! So don't be quick to shrug it off because just because I said the Alien word that doesn't mean it is all rubbish from then on wards?
The supposedly ancient sculptures have sparked claims that aliens visited earth thousands of years ago. Maybe they did because if this was to represent a human at that time, this would be rejected as not looking anything like a human? So it begs the question, is this really depicting a real Alien visitor because maybe these people never depicted other humans in their artwork and only their Gods and them being the visiting Aliens.
That looks uncannily similar to an Alien as we would say they look in today world? Maybe they look like this and it's an innate thought that we all have inside of what they look like?
Ever since humans could look up to see the sky, we have been amazed by its beauty and untold mysteries. Naturally then, astronomy is often described as the oldest of the sciences, inspiring people for thousands of years. Celestial phenomena are featured in prehistoric cave paintings. And monuments such as the Great Pyramids of Giza and Stonehenge seem to be aligned with precision to cardinal points or the positions where the moon, sun or stars rise and set on the horizon.
Today, we seem to struggle to imagine how ancient people could build and orient such structures. This has led to many assumptions. Some suggest prehistoric people must have had some knowledge of mathematics and sciences to do this, whereas others go so far as to speculate that alien visitors showed them how to do it.
But what do we actually know about how people of the past understood the sky and developed a cosmology? A scientific discipline called “archaeoastronomy” or “cultural astronomy”, developed in the 1970s, is starting to provide insights. This subject combines various specialist areas, such as astronomy, archaeology, anthropology and ethno-astronomy.
Simplistic methods
The pyramids of Egypt are some of the most impressive ancient monuments, and several are oriented with high precision. Egyptologist Flinder Petrie carried out the first high-precision survey of the Giza pyramids in the 19th century. He found that each of the four edges of the pyramids’ bases point towards a cardinal direction to within a quarter of a degree.
But how did the Egyptians know that? Just recently, Glen Dash, an engineer who studies the Giza pyramids, proposed a theory. He draws upon the ancient method of the “Indian circle”, which only requires a shadow casting stick and string to construct an east-west direction. He outlined how this method could have been used for the pyramids based on its simplicity alone.
So could this have been the case? It’s not impossible, but at this point we are in danger of falling into a popular trap of reflecting our current world views, methods and ideas into the past. Insight into mythology and relevant methods known and used at the time are likely to provide a more reliable answer.
Stonehenge sun.
Credit: simonwakefield/Flickr, CC BY-SA.
This is not the first time scientists have jumped to conclusions about a scientific approach applied to the past. A similar thing happened with Stonehenge. In 1964, the late astronomer Gerald Hawkins developed an intricate method to use pit holes and markers to predict eclipses at the mysterious monument. However, this does not mean that this is how Stonehenge was intended to be used.
Way forward
To start understanding the past we need to include various approaches from other disciplines to support an idea. We also have to understand that there will never be only one explanation or answer to how a monument might have been aligned or used.
So how can cultural astronomy explain the pyramids’ alignment? A study from 2001proposed that two stars, Megrez and Phad, in the stellar constellation known as Ursa Majormay have been the key. These stars are visible through the entire night. Their lowest position in the sky during a night can mark north using the merkhet – an ancient timekeeping instrument composing a bar with a plumb line attached to a wooden handle to track stars’ alignment.
The benefit of this interpretation is that it links to star mythology drawn from inscriptions in the temple of Horus in Edfu. These elaborate on using the merkhet as a surveying tool – a technique that can also explain the orientation of other Egyptian sites. The inscription includes the hieroglyph “the Bull’s Foreleg” which represents the Big Dipper star constellation and its possible position in the sky.
The use of the two stars Megrez and Phad of Ursa Major to line up with the cardinal north direction (meridian indicated in orange) as simulated for 2562BC.
Credit: Daniel Brown.
Similarly, better ideas for Stonehenge have been offered. One study identified strange circles of wood near the monument, and suggested these may have represented the livingwhile the rocks at Stonehenge represented the dead. Similar practices are seen in monuments found in Madagascar, suggesting it may have been a common way for prehistoric people to think about the living and the dead. It also offers an exciting new way of understanding Stonehenge in its wider landscape. Others have interpreted Stonehenge and especially its avenue as marking the ritual passage through the underworld with views of the moon on the horizon.
Cultural astronomy has also helped shed light on 6,000-year-old passage graves – a type of tomb consisting of a chamber of connected stones and a long narrow entrance – in Portugal. Archaeologist Fabio Silva has shown how views from inside the tombs frame the horizon where the star Aldebaran rises above a mountain range. This might mean it was built to give a view of the star from the inside either for the dead or the living, possibly as an initiation ritual.
Fieldwork at one of the passage graves in Portugal, Dolmen da Orca. Next to the stone structure is a replica tent to simulate the view from inside of the passage grave.
Credit: Daniel Brown.
But Silva also drew upon wider supporting evidence. The framed mountain range is where the builders of the graves would have migrated with their livestock over summer. The star Aldebaran rises for the first time here in the year – known as a helical rising – during the beginning of this migration. Interestingly, ancient folklore also talks about a shepherd in this area who spotted a star so bright that it lit up the mountain range. Arriving there he decided to name both the mountain range and his dog after the star – both names still exist today.
Current work carried out by myself in collaboration with Silva has also shown how a view from within the long, narrow entrance passages to the tombs could enhance the star’s visibility by restricting the view through an aperture.
But while it is easy to assume that prehistoric people were analytic astronomers with great knowledge of science, it’s important to remember that this only reflects our modern views of astronomy. Findings from cultural astronomy show that people of the past were indeed sky watchers and incorporated what they saw in many aspects of their lives. While there are still many mysteries surrounding the meaning and origins of ancient structures, an approach drawing on as many areas as possible, including experiences and engaging in meaning is likely our best bet to work out just what they were once used for.
Graancirkelseizoen begonnen in Groot-Brittannië. Dit zijn beelden van de eerste formatie
Graancirkelseizoen begonnen in Groot-Brittannië. Dit zijn beelden van de eerste formatie
Het graancirkelseizoen is officieel begonnen. In Groot-Brittannië is door onderzoekers de eerste formatie van het jaar gevonden.
Het patroon doet denken aan een vierpotig insect, mogelijk een waterloper. De graanformatie is ontdekt in Wiltshire.
Relatief laat
Het graancirkelseizoen is relatief laat begonnen. In 2013 begon het seizoen nog later: toen duurde het tot juni voordat de eerste graancirkel werd ontdekt in Groot-Brittannië.
De graancirkel is woensdag gemeld en er zijn al enkele foto’s van verschenen op de website Crop Circle Connector.
36 graancirkels
In mei 2017 verscheen in hetzelfde gebied ook al een graanformatie. De politie zal het waarschijnlijk druk gaan krijgen de komende maanden.
Vorig jaar werden er in totaal 36 graancirkels in kaart gebracht.
Bekijk hieronder een filmpje van de nieuwe formatie:
APOCALYPTISCHE GELUIDEN KONDIGEN AARDBEVING EN VULKAANUITBARSTING HAWAII AAN ( VIDEO )
APOCALYPTISCHE GELUIDEN KONDIGEN AARDBEVING EN VULKAANUITBARSTING HAWAII AAN ( VIDEO )
Afgelopen week verschenen er berichten over hoe het leek alsof de aarde op Hawaii van binnenuit werd opengescheurd.
Waar echter niemand het over heeft, is dat vlakbij de Kilauea vulkaan apocalyptische trompetgeluiden werden gehoord kort voor de uitbarsting.
Het raadsel van de vreemde geluiden die door mensen wereldwijd worden waargenomen is nog lang niet opgelost, maar iedere keer weer worden dit soort geluiden in verband gebracht met de eindtijd.
Dit zal waarschijnlijk voornamelijk komen omdat dit soort geluiden vaak wordt omschreven als trompetgeluiden, iets dat ook in de bijbel in verband wordt gebracht met eindtijden, zoals wij schreven in een eerder artikel:
In de tijd waarin er in de Kolbrin bijbel wordt gesproken van de Verwoester. Ook in de Kolbrin Bijbel wordt gesproken over vreemde geluiden: “Zij zullen de trompetten horen en de strijdkreet van de Verwoester” en “De ster zong zoals nog nooit eerder was voorgekomen". Maar, ze komen ook voor in de christelijke bijbel:
Het achtste hoofdstuk van het laatste Bijbelboek Openbaring beschrijft 7 engelen die op 7 bazuinen blazen, die ieder catastrofale gebeurtenissen op Aarde in gang lijken te zetten, zoals aardbevingen, oorlogen en insectenplagen.
Ongeveer een maand vóór de recente aardbeving en vulkaanuitbarsting werd er op Hawaii een dergelijk trompet-achtig geluid gehoord, waar toen nog uitgebreid over werd bericht in de mainstream media van Engeland tot Rusland.
Hier is de opname van het bepaalde geluid:
De locatie waar dit geluid werd waargenomen wordt aangegeven op het volgende kaartje:
Dit is slechts luttele kilometers verwijderd van de vulkaan waar ongeveer een maand later de uitbarsting plaatsvond die wordt omschreven als het van binnenuit openscheuren van de aarde.
Is dit alles toeval of vormen de trompetgeluiden, samen met de enorm heftige aardveranderingen, onderdeel van de symptomen
Een combinatie van een aardbeving en een vulkaanuitbarsting en daarvoor trompetgeluiden is te omschrijven als zeer zeldzaam.
Net zoals het feit dat de aarde langzamer gaat draaien zoals eind vorig jaar bekend werd. Iets dat volgens de wetenschap veroorzaakt zou worden door de maan, maar wat waarschijnlijk wordt veroorzaakt door de aanwezigheid van één of meerdere grote hemellichamen bij ons in de buurt.
Daarnaast hebben we gezien dat de zon zich vreemd gedraagt, dat de aarde wordt gebombardeerd met schadelijke straling en dat het aardmagnetisch veld dat ons moet beschermen in rap tempo afneemt.
Maar al dat soort dingen zijn toeval en hebben absoluut niets met elkaar te maken, zeggen de mensen die blijven ontkennen dat de Verwoester in aantocht is.
Oogverblindend mooi: Californische kust kleurt felblauw en dit is waarom- HLN.be
Oogverblindend mooi: Californische kust kleurt felblauw en dit is waarom- HLN.be
WETENSCHAP & PLANEET Een streling voor het oog, waar je gebiologeerd naar kan blijven kijken. Aan het strand van de Californische kust werd het zeewater gisteren opgelicht door gloeiend plankton.
Bioluminescentie, doopte de wetenschap dat betoverende fenomeen. Lichtgevend plankton laat zich niet voortdurend zien; de aanmaak van de chemische stoffen om te kunnen gloeien kost immers te veel energie. Over de precieze redenen waarom de organismen soms schitterende stofjes het water inspuiten, tasten onderzoekers nog in het duister. Hoogstwaarschijnlijk heeft het te maken met aantrekking, afstoting, camouflage of communicatie. Getuigen van het lichtspektakel langs de Amerikaanse westkust waren gisteren allesbehalve licht onder de indruk van de natuurpracht. Ze deelden massaal foto’s van het blauwe schouwspel op Instagram en Twitter, en lieten zo de rest van de wereld ook meegenieten.
The waves in SD are glowing blue at night right now. This is a random occurrence, no one know what causes the bioluminescent phytoplankton to wake up, can happen at any time and is rare.
A red tide is causing the surf to glow in parts of California. An algae bloom filled with bioluminescent phytoplankton has been lighting up the ocean from La Jolla to Encinitas since Monday.
While the big three major world religions get all of the publicity, there are plenty of other spiritual collectives between them and atheism. One group that attracts a lot of paranormal fans are the UFO religions whose members subscribe to the existence of extraterrestrials traveling to Earth in unidentified flying objects, often to take part in the evolution of humanity. Two such groups coincidentally popped up in the news recently, proving that they’re not as obscure as some might think (or hope).
A hearing was held in Boston this week in the case of Olga Paule Perrier-Bilbo, a French national who wants to become an American citizen … except for the part about taking an oath of citizenship that ends with the words “So help me God.” Perrier-Bilbo’s objection comes from her membership in the Raëlian movement, which is a UFO religion founded in 1974 by French car racing journalist Claude Vorilhon, who changed his name to Raël after being contacted by an ET in a spacecraft who claimed to have selected him to deliver a new origin message to humanity and start a religion based on it.
In his first book, Le Livre qui dit la vérité (“The Book Which Tells the Truth“), Vorilhon says the alien’s species sent scientists called Elohim (“those who came from the sky”) who created all life on Earth through DNA manipulation. The alien, also an Elohim, took Vorilhon or Raël to their planet where he allegedly met Buddha, Moses, Jesus and Muhammad, who told him to be more like the aliens, who were peace-loving and had no money, sickness or wars. Raël’s followers support human genetic engineering, genetically-modified foods and other futuristic technology.
Perrier-Bilbo just wants to be a good Raëlian-American and she was given the opportunity to take a modified oath in a private ceremony, but in this litigious, political and social media world, that wasn’t enough.
“My hope is for the phrase, ‘So help me God’ to be stricken from future naturalization ceremonies and for this lawsuit to encourage other atheists or agnostics who want to defend the constitution to fight against this anti-constitutional oath.”
As of this writing, the results of the hearing are not known.
Meanwhile, members of the Aetherius Society announced its “Operation Prayer Power” pilgrimage in July to Holdstone Down in north Devon, England, where its founder, George King, claimed to have met Jesus in 1958 and received some shocking news:
“I knew, although he didn’t tell me, I knew he was Jesus and he had come from the planet Venus – I didn’t have to be told, I just knew this.”
King was apparently chosen for this meeting because in 1955 he founded the Aetherius Society after claiming he received a telepathic communication from Aetherius, an alien intelligence representing an “Interplanetary Parliament” that existed on Venus, as well as Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. King, who died in 1997, was said to have delivered more telepathic messages with predictions of UFO sightings. The religion itself borrows from yoga, Eastern mantra and New Age and promotes spiritual self-advancement and world service. Not a bad mission.
Another benefit for Aetherians is that Holdstone Down isn’t the only “holy mountain.” Besides Yes Tor, also in Devon, there’s Castle Peak in Colorado, Mount Ramshead in New South Wales, Kilimanjaro in Tanzania and Le Nid d’Aigle in France. If you’re going to make a pilgrimage, it’s nice to go to beautiful spots.
Of course, no matter where they go, the “cosmic mission” of George King and the Aetherians always gets overshadowed by that “Jesus is from Venus” thing, which is why they were once again in the news.
Will we ever be able to accept the beliefs of others and get along?
When we think of stars, we tend to conceive of them of immovable, fixed objects, but stars travel through space just like planets and other objects do. The Earth and all the other planets in our solar system rotate around the Sun, but the Sun also rotates around the center of the Milky Way galaxy once every 225-250 million years. All stars orbit something. Well, except for certain “rogue” stars astronomer are beginning to discover. Rogue stars, also known as intergalactic stars, are stars which have escaped the gravitational pulls of their home galaxies and travel independently through intergalactic voids. Yeah, they’re pretty terrifying.
Many of those rogue stars are ejected when galaxies collide with one another.
One particular rogue star, the dwarf star Gliese 710, is especially terrifying. It’s been known for some time that Gliese 710 will eventually pass through our solar system as it careens through the universe, potentially causing a lot of damage to anything unlucky enough to be in its way. Now, new calculations using the most accurate map of the stars ever created have revealed that Gliese 710 might arrive much sooner than we realized. How worried should we be?
It all depends on your timeline.
Well, unless you’re an immortal or plan on becoming immortal, you shouldn’t be too worried. Based on the newest calculations, it turns out Gliese 710 won’t come crashing through our solar system for another 1.29 million years. Plenty of time to finish The Foundation series. 1.29 million years might sound like a long time, but the previous estimate was 1.36 million years – a difference of 60,000 years. Think how many people could escape in 60,000 years. Of course, that is if any people are left in the solar system at all. Hopefully humanity will have found a way out of this hellish simulation by then.
If not, Gliese 710 could cause a torrential rain of icy meteors to pelt the Earth into oblivion. The rogue star is set to pass through the Oort Cloud, a ring of icy comets, meteors, and planetesimals at the farthest edge of our solar system. This could potentially cause millions of asteroids to be ejected towards the center of the solar system, pelting unfortunate planets into Swiss cheese like a cosmic hailstorm. Maybe immortality isn’t so great after all.
What’s red in the daytime, and glows an eerie blue at night? Although it may sound like some illuminated prop from the forthcoming film Solo: A Star Wars Story, theanswer to this oceanic riddle has less to do with science fiction, and everything to do with one of nature’s little marvels: bioluminescent phytoplankton.
Nighttime beachgoers in San Diego have recently been treated to this unusual spectacle, as the recent arrival of a red tide has resulted in natural luminous phenomena that occur as plantlike microorganisms present in ocean waves tumble downward with the incoming tide, producing a visible glow.
According to NOAA, there are two main varieties of phytoplankton: diatoms and dinoflagellates, the latter being the type that are presently seen along San Diego’s shoreline.
“Dinoflagellates use a whip-like tail, or flagella, to move through the water and their bodies are covered with complex shells. Diatoms also have shells, but they are made of a different substance and their structure is rigid and made of interlocking parts. Diatoms do not rely on flagella to move through the water and instead rely on ocean currents to travel through the water.”
The appearance of these phytoplankton has to do with the occurrence of red tides, where oceanic algal blooms–sometimes harmful ones–grow in such abundance that they become overrun in certain coastal environments. This can have dangerous effects on not just the indigenous marine life in affected areas, but also humans. Illnesses that are known to occur in conjunction with these potentially toxic algal blooms have been known to cause debilitating illness or even death.
There are a variety of unique luminous displays that occur in nature, particularly with bioluminescent marine life. However, it may be the case that not all oceanic luminous displays necessarily have biological origins. On April 29, 1982, a most unusual visual display occurred in the China Sea, which resulted in a six-page report on the incident. The details of this nighttime encounter, presented here in abbreviated form, consisted of parallel bands of phosphorescence that appeared to be rushing toward the ship at an estimated speed of 40 miles per hour.
Upon contact with the luminous bands, they appeared to separate into rotating “wheels”, which became oriented roughly in quadrant formation around the ship. It is particularly noteworthy, however, that these luminous manifestations were seen above the surface of the water. Each of the spinning wheels appeared to be 50-100 cm above the water, with beams of light being cast from these formations which the sailing vessel’s crew described as having “stretched to the horizon” as they rotated. Additional luminous phenomena were reported during this incident, which appeared to be composed of “worm-like segments” of light.
Other key features of the incident involved the presence of atmospheric electrical activity (i.e. lightning) throughout the incident; at various intervals, it was further noted that shining an Aldis lamp at portions of the luminous manifestations had no effect, while flashing it caused the intermittent disappearance of the phenomenon altogether (this is similar to reports of what are believed to be natural plasmas that appear at locations like Hessdalen, Norway, which have been known to interact similarly with flashing lights aimed in their direction).
The symmetrical, and at times nearly kaleidoscopic displays presented in the case above, documented in the Marine Observer in 1983, are certainly perplexing. While dissimilar in variety to the unusual illuminations that are presently occurring off the San Diego coast, each represents a unique manifestation of natural luminous phenomenon that occasionally apear in or around our oceans.
What’s red in the daytime, and glows an eerie blue at night? Although it may sound like some illuminated prop from the forthcoming film Solo: A Star Wars Story, theanswer to this oceanic riddle has less to do with science fiction, and everything to do with one of nature’s little marvels: bioluminescent phytoplankton.
Nighttime beachgoers in San Diego have recently been treated to this unusual spectacle, as the recent arrival of a red tide has resulted in natural luminous phenomena that occur as plantlike microorganisms present in ocean waves tumble downward with the incoming tide, producing a visible glow.
According to NOAA, there are two main varieties of phytoplankton: diatoms and dinoflagellates, the latter being the type that are presently seen along San Diego’s shoreline.
“Dinoflagellates use a whip-like tail, or flagella, to move through the water and their bodies are covered with complex shells. Diatoms also have shells, but they are made of a different substance and their structure is rigid and made of interlocking parts. Diatoms do not rely on flagella to move through the water and instead rely on ocean currents to travel through the water.”
The appearance of these phytoplankton has to do with the occurrence of red tides, where oceanic algal blooms–sometimes harmful ones–grow in such abundance that they become overrun in certain coastal environments. This can have dangerous effects on not just the indigenous marine life in affected areas, but also humans. Illnesses that are known to occur in conjunction with these potentially toxic algal blooms have been known to cause debilitating illness or even death.
There are a variety of unique luminous displays that occur in nature, particularly with bioluminescent marine life. However, it may be the case that not all oceanic luminous displays necessarily have biological origins. On April 29, 1982, a most unusual visual display occurred in the China Sea, which resulted in a six-page report on the incident. The details of this nighttime encounter, presented here in abbreviated form, consisted of parallel bands of phosphorescence that appeared to be rushing toward the ship at an estimated speed of 40 miles per hour.
Upon contact with the luminous bands, they appeared to separate into rotating “wheels”, which became oriented roughly in quadrant formation around the ship. It is particularly noteworthy, however, that these luminous manifestations were seen above the surface of the water. Each of the spinning wheels appeared to be 50-100 cm above the water, with beams of light being cast from these formations which the sailing vessel’s crew described as having “stretched to the horizon” as they rotated. Additional luminous phenomena were reported during this incident, which appeared to be composed of “worm-like segments” of light.
Other key features of the incident involved the presence of atmospheric electrical activity (i.e. lightning) throughout the incident; at various intervals, it was further noted that shining an Aldis lamp at portions of the luminous manifestations had no effect, while flashing it caused the intermittent disappearance of the phenomenon altogether (this is similar to reports of what are believed to be natural plasmas that appear at locations like Hessdalen, Norway, which have been known to interact similarly with flashing lights aimed in their direction).
The symmetrical, and at times nearly kaleidoscopic displays presented in the case above, documented in the Marine Observer in 1983, are certainly perplexing. While dissimilar in variety to the unusual illuminations that are presently occurring off the San Diego coast, each represents a unique manifestation of natural luminous phenomenon that occasionally apear in or around our oceans.
I’m not entirely sure why, but just recently a 71-year-old statement on UFOs has been circulating here and there on the Net. It cropped up just a couple of days ago in the comments section of one of my Facebook posts. And it also popped up on the website of a radio show I was on recently. It’s also a statement that has caused some confusion and outright mistakes. Basically, it’s one person’s theory on what is behind the UFO phenomenon. The writer makes a lot of controversial claims that take matters far away from the regular “nuts and bolts” aspect of Ufology. As for why some people have gotten all excited about it, there’s no doubt that it’s because the statement is available at the FBI’s website, The Vault.
The statement at issue – titled “A Memorandum of Importance” – was prepared in early July 1947. And, as the writer noted: “This Memorandum is respectfully addressed to certain scientists of distinction to important aeronautical and military authorities, to a number of public officials and to a few publications.” He or she continues: “The writer has little expectation that anything of import will be accomplished by this gesture. The more fact that the data herein were obtained by so-called supernormal means is probably sufficient to insure its disregard by nearly all the persons addressed; nevertheless it seems a public duty to make it available. (The present writer has several university degrees and was formerly a university department head).”
Our source warns: “A very serious situation may develop at any time with regard to the ‘flying saucers.’ If one of these should be attacked, the attacking plane will almost certainly be destroyed. In the public mind this might create near panic and international suspicion. The principal data concerning these craft is now at hand and must be offered, no matter how fantastic and unintelligible it may seem to minds not previously instructed in thinking of this type.” We are then given a list of nine issues that the writer claimed knowledge of:
“1. Part of the disks carry crews, others are under remote control.
2. Their mission is peaceful. The visitors contemplate settling on this plane.
3. These Visitors are human-like but much larger in size.
4. They are NOT excarnate earth people, but come from their own world.
5. They do NOT come from any ‘planet’ as we use the word, but from an etheric planet which interpentrates with our own and is not perceptible to us.
6. The bodies of the visitors, and the craft also, automatically “materialize on entering the vibratory rate of our dense matter. (Cp. ‘apports.’)
7. The disks possess a type of radiant energy, or a ray, which will easily disintegrate any attacking ship. They re-enter the etheric at will, and so simply disappear from our vision, without trace.
8. The region from which they come is NOT the ‘astral plane’, but corresponds to the Lokas or Tales. Students of esoteric matters will understand these terms.
9. They probably cannot be reached by radio, but probably can be by radar, if a signal system can be devised for that apparatus.”
We are then told: “We give information and warning, and can do no more. Let the newcomers be treated with every kindness.” There’s no doubt that the statement is an interesting one. After all, it was written only around two weeks after the historic Flying Saucer encounter of Kenneth Arnold, near Mt. Rainier, Washington State, on June 24, 1947. And, it’s intriguing because the source’s words cover things which are far removed from the likes of “rocket ships” and “Martians” and other sci-fi-themed issues that were popular in the ’40s. Now, I don’t know if the writer of the statement was onto something or not. But, here’s the important thing: as I said at the beginning of this article, I have seen people recently put a lot of faith in this statement, purely because it’s on the FBI’s website.
The fact is that the FBI declassified its UFO files – under the terms of the Freedom of Information Act – way back in the 1970s. The statement above was included in that approximately 1,700-pages of declassified material. And, the statement was available to anyone and everyone, post-1976. In other words, there’s nothing new about this at all. And you can access it at this PDF link, and by scrolling down to page 22. But, let’s put things in perspective: the FBI got a lot of correspondence in the summer of 1947 (when the Flying Saucer craze was at its height), much of which revolved around not just sightings of UFOs, but theories for what they might be, too. There’s no evidence at all that this statement was acted on by the FBI, aside from sharing it with the military and filing it away.
All of which brings us to today. One guy very recently sent me a draft of an article he was preparing on this July 1947 statement. I was amazed to see that he had spectacularly misread it and thought it was an official FBI document, rather than what it really is: a statement prepared by a member of the American public and retyped by an FBI secretary for internal purposes! So, if you happen to see this particular one-page document over the next few days and weeks, by all means take a good look at it. It does, admittedly, make for thought-provoking reading. But, just because someone’s theory for the UFO phenomenon reached the eyes of the FBI, and was kept on-file by the FBI too, doesn’t mean it’s the truth behind the mystery of Flying Saucers. In ’47, the FBI was absolutely swamped with letters from people giving their views on UFOs. The July 1947 statement is just one of many.
A Video Showing Cluster OF UFOS Over Middlesbrough Sparks Online Debate
A Video Showing Cluster OF UFOS Over Middlesbrough Sparks Online Debate
The video shows strange flying objects, which left a question whether it’s a military activity, a weather balloon, or evidence of space alien.
The object in question has a shape similar to a jet, and a cluster of four other UFOs surrounded it, which appear to be connected. The film of the UFOs was reportedly captured on April 5.
According to the report of the witness, they noticed some dark objects in the sky while walking home from a house of their friend around 7 pm.
The witness initially thought it was a flock of birds, but soon realised it appeared to be some kind of military plane flying in a slightly curved path with four small, round objects following it.
The witness managed to get their phone out and began recording. They reportedly observed it for approximately one and a half minutes before losing sight of the UFOs in the distance.
The witness reportedly heard just the sound of the plane as it passed over them.
The Hidden Underbelly 2.0 shared the film on YouTube, which caused fierce debate among the viewers.
Many think it is a weather balloon while others believe it is a fighter jet and some say it is something more mysterious.
Voor het eerst een koolstofrijke planetoïde ontdekt in de Kuipergordel
Voor het eerst een koolstofrijke planetoïde ontdekt in de Kuipergordel
Caroline Kraaijvanger
Deze ruimtesteen is een eind van huis!
Waarnemingen met de Hubble-ruimtetelescoop deden al vermoedden dat het Kuipergordelobject 2004 EW95 bijzonder was. En vervolgwaarnemingen met de Very Large Telescope tonen nu aan dat deze hier inderdaad eigenlijk niet thuishoort. 2004 EW95 blijkt een koolstofrijke planetoïde te zijn: de eerste die in de Kuipergordel is aangetroffen!
Migratie De planetoïde moet in het binnenste deel van het zonnestelsel zijn ontstaan (in de planetoïdengordel tussen Mars en Jupiter) en sindsdien naar buiten zijn gemigreerd. Uiteindelijk is deze zo terecht gekomen in de Kuipergordel die miljarden kilometers verder weg, aan de rand van het zonnestelsel resideert.
Theorie De ontdekking van de ware aard van 2004 EW95 onderschrijft een theorie die onderzoekers er al een tijdje op nahouden, maar tot op heden niet goed konden staven. Volgens deze theorie trokken de gasreuzen die ons zonnestelsel rijk is, kort na hun ontstaan door het zonnestelsel heen. Met hun zwaartekracht moeten ze voor een hoop beroering gezorgd hebben en de banen van tal van kleine rotsachtige hemellichamen in de binnenste delen van het zonnestelsel hebben verstoord. Astronomen vermoeden dan ook dat een klein percentage van deze ruimtestenen uiteindelijk in de Kuipergordel is beland. “Gezien de huidige verblijfplaats van 2004 EW95 in de ijzige buitenwijken van het zonnestelsel, impliceert dit dat het object in de begintijd van het zonnestelsel door een migrerende planeet naar zijn huidige baan is geslingerd,” aldus onderzoeker Tom Seccull. Onderzoeker Olivier Hainaut: “De ontdekking van een koolstofhoudende planetoïde in de Kuipergordel is een belangrijke bevestiging van één van de fundamentele voorspellingen van de dynamische modellen van het vroege zonnestelsel.”
Het bestuderen van 2004 EW95 was trouwens nog wel een hele opgave. Het object is met een omvang van zo’n 300 kilometer best flink, maar bevindt zich wel op zo’n 4 miljard kilometer afstand van de aarde. Bovendien is het koolstofrijke oppervlak heel donker. “Het is alsof je een reusachtige berg steenkool waarneemt tegen de pikdonkere achtergrond van de nachthemel,” aldus onderzoeker Thomas Puzia. En die berg steenkool beweegt dan ook nog eens. “We moesten een behoorlijk geavanceerde gegevensverwerkingstechniek gebruiken om zoveel mogelijk uit de gegevens te halen,” stelt Secull. Maar het is gelukt; uiteindelijk vonden de onderzoekers aanwijzingen dat de planetoïde ijzeroxiden en fylosilicaten bevat: twee materialen die nog niet eerder in de Kuipergordel zijn gevonden en er sterk op wijzen dat de planetoïde in het binnenste deel van het zonnestelsel is ontstaan.
Breakthrough Listen breidt jacht op buitenaards leven uit
Breakthrough Listen breidt jacht op buitenaards leven uit
Caroline Kraaijvanger
Er zal de komende tijd naar miljoenen sterren in onze Melkweg geluisterd worden.
Dat heeft Breakthrough Listen – een initiatief van Breakthrough Initiatives, zie kader – bekend gemaakt. De CSIRO Parkes Radio Telescope in Australië zal het oor te luisteren leggen. Gehoopt wordt dat de telescoop nabij één of meerdere sterren signalen vindt die gecreëerd zijn door geavanceerde buitenaardse beschavingen.
Breakthrough Initiatives is een onderzoeksprogramma dat is opgericht door de steenrijke investeerder Yuri Milner. Het onderzoeksprogramma moet op termijn uitwijzen of buitenaards leven bestaat en waar het uithangt. Daartoe zijn binnen het onderzoeksprogramma verschillende takken van sport opgezet. Breakthrough Listen zoekt bijvoorbeeld – net als SETI – naar buitenaardse radiosignalen. Daarnaast is er ook nog Breakthrough Message dat juist signalen uit wil zenden, zodat aliens ons kunnen vinden. Ook bekend is Breakthrough Starshot: een ambitieuze missie die moet uitmonden in een scheervlucht langs de dichtstbijzijnde ster en de daaromheen cirkelende potentieel leefbare planeet Proxima b.
Het is niet voor het eerst dat Breakthrough Listen de hulp van de Parkes Radio Telescope inschakelt. In 2016 ging de telescoop al op zoek naar signalen rondom nabije sterren. Nu richt de telescoop zich echter op een veel groter aantal sterren, te vinden in de schijf van onze Melkweg. Daarnaast zal ook een deel van het galactisch centrum worden onderzocht en wordt er tevens geluisterd naar sterren in nabije dwergsterrenstelsels, zoals de Magelhaense Wolken.
Ontvanger Het is een behoorlijk omvangrijk onderzoek: uiteindelijk zal de telescoop naar de omgeving van miljoenen sterren gaan luisteren. Het is allemaal mogelijk dankzij een nieuwe ontvanger die op de telescoop is geïnstalleerd. Eerdere ontvangers konden enkel een signaal afkomstig van één punt in het heelal ontvangen. Maar het nieuwe instrument kan meerdere signalen tegelijkertijd ontvangen, waardoor het mogelijk is een veel groter gebied te onderzoeken.
“WE HOPEN BEWIJS TE VINDEN DAT ONZE PLANEET – ONDER DE HONDERDEN MILJARDEN PLANETEN DIE ER IN ONS STERRENSTELSEL ZIJN – NIET DE ENIGE IS WAAROP INTELLIGENT LEVEN IS ONTSTAAN”
Dataset Breakthrough Listen heeft dit jaar gedurende 1500 uur de beschikking over de Parkes Radio Telescope. Het zal naar verwachting resulteren in een dataset van zo’n 100 petabytes. En in die enorme dataset zal vervolgens gezocht moeten worden naar buitenaardse signalen. De grootste uitdaging daarbij is het onderscheiden van signalen afkomstig van de aarde zelf (denk aan signalen van telefoons, vliegtuigen en satellieten) en signalen die uit de ruimte komen en mogelijk afkomstig zijn van buitenaardse wezens.
In de dataset zal tevens gezocht worden naar Fast Radio Bursts (FRB). Dit zijn korte, heldere radiopulsen die al herhaaldelijk zijn waargenomen, maar waarvan we nog steeds niet goed weten waar ze door veroorzaakt worden. De zoektocht naar buitenaards leven blijft echter prioriteit nummer 1, aldus onderzoeker Danny Price, verbonden aan de Universiteit van Californië (Berkeley). “We hopen bewijs te vinden dat onze planeet – onder de honderden miljarden planeten die er in ons sterrenstelsel zijn – niet de enige is waarop intelligent leven is ontstaan.”
Astronomen onthullen wat er gebeurt als onze zon doodgaat
Astronomen onthullen wat er gebeurt als onze zon doodgaat
Caroline Kraaijvanger
Er ontstaat een zichtbare planetaire nevel.
De meeste onderzoekers zijn het erover eens: onze zon heeft nog zo’n 5 miljard jaar te leven. En dan zal de ster sterven. Maar wat er daarna precies gaat gebeuren: dat was niet helemaal duidelijk. Een nieuw onderzoek – verschenen in het blad Nature Astronomy – brengt daar verandering in. Met behulp van een model onthullen onderzoekers dat er na de dood van de zon een planetaire nevel zal ontstaan.
Planetaire nevel Een planetaire nevel is een enorme heldere ring die bestaat uit gas en stof. De ring ontstaat wanneer de ster in een overgangsfase zit en transformeert van een rode reus naar een witte dwerg. We spreken van een rode reus als de dode ster zijn buitenste lagen de ruimte in heeft geblazen. “Hierdoor komt de kern van de ster bloot te liggen die in dit stadium van het leven van de ster bijna door zijn brandstof heen is en uiteindelijk stilvalt,” legt onderzoeker Albert Zijlstra uit. Maar gedurende een korte periode – grofweg 10.000 jaar – is deze hete kern nog in staat om de weggestoten buitenste lagen van de ster te laten schijnen. “Dat is wat de planetaire nevel zichtbaar maakt.”
Zichtbare nevel Zo’n 90% van alle sterren vormt aan het eind van het leven zo’n planetaire nevel. Maar lang wisten onderzoekers niet goed of onze zon er ook eentje kon genereren. Sommige onderzoekers dachten namelijk dat onze zon een te lage massa had om een zichtbare planetaire nevel te creëren. Maar Zijlstra en collega’s stellen nu dus dat onze zon er ook toe in staat is. Het nieuwe model onthult namelijk dat sterren nadat ze hun buitenste lagen hebben afgestoten drie keer sneller opwarmen dan gedacht. Hierdoor is het ook voor sterren met weinig massa – zoals de zon – mogelijk om een heldere planetaire nevel te vormen.
Het wil niet zeggen dat alle sterren een planetaire nevel kunnen genereren. Onze zon is zo ongeveer de lichtste ster die nog in staat is om een zichtbare planetaire nevel te maken. Sterren die slechts een paar procent kleiner zijn, kunnen het niet.
Middeleeuwse astronomen kunnen het bestaan van planeet X bewijzen
Middeleeuwse astronomen kunnen het bestaan van planeet X bewijzen
Caroline Kraaijvanger
Mogelijk hebben zij al kometen gespot met vreemde banen die alleen te verklaren zijn als planeet X bestaat.
Een paar jaar geleden stelden twee astronomen dat ons zonnestelsel waarschijnlijk een negende planeet telt: planeet X. Deze planeet zou zo’n tien keer zwaarder zijn dan de aarde en aan de rand van ons zonnestelsel huizen. Het bestaan van de planeet werd onder meer afgeleid uit de vreemde banen van een handvol kometen. Hoewel er sindsdien met man en macht naar de planeet gezocht is, is deze nog niet direct waargenomen. En dus blijft planeet X een hypothese.
Middeleeuwen Maar wellicht kunnen Middeleeuwse astronomen daar verandering in brengen. Dat stellen Britse onderzoekers. Hoewel de Middeleeuwen vaak worden gezien als een periode waarin de wetenschap weinig voorstelde, waren er wel degelijk mensen met een grote interesse in astronomie. Zij bestudeerden het heelal en noteerden wat ze zagen. Verschillende Middeleeuwse geschriften maken dan ook melding van kometen die langs vlogen. En die meldingen kunnen we gebruiken om te achterhalen of planeet X bestaat.
Voorbode Verschillende Middeleeuwse bronnen maken melding van kometen die helderder waren dan sterren. Het bewijst dat men in de Middeleeuwen het heelal al nauwlettend in de gaten hield. De Middeleeuwse mensen wisten waarschijnlijk niet dat ze naar een brok ijs zaten te kijken. In plaats daarvan werden ze gezien als voorboden van de dood van koningen, de val van koninkrijken, oorlog, hongersdood, ziekte, enzovoort.
Hoe dan? Aangenomen wordt dat planeet X – als deze bestaat – vrij zwaar is en met zijn zwaartekracht van invloed is op de banen van sommige kometen. Die impact is misschien klein, maar over een lange periode zou het effect ervan letterlijk zichtbaar moeten worden en wel doordat een komeet zich op een heel andere plek bevindt en op een heel ander moment vanaf de aarde zichtbaar is dan in een scenario waarin planeet X geen rol speelt.
Simulaties De onderzoekers stellen dan ook voor om de banen van alle ons bekende kometen in aan- en afwezigheid van planeet X te simuleren en zo te achterhalen waar zij zich in de Middeleeuwen bevonden. Vervolgens kan er gekeken worden welke simulaties overeenkomen met wat astronomen in de Middeleeuwen werkelijk zagen. “Elke sterke indicatie dat een negende planeet nodig is om de waarnemingen van kometen in de Middeleeuwen passend te maken, is een uniek resultaat en zal zeker een opmerkelijke impact hebben op ons begrip van het zonnestelsel,” aldus onderzoeker Pedro Lacerda.
De komende tijd zal moeten blijken of men in de Middeleeuwen – zonder dat in de gaten te hebben – getuige is geweest van de zwaartekrachtswerking van een planeet die we in 2018 officieel nog niet ontdekt hebben. “Het is fantastisch om in staat te zijn om de data die ongeveer 1000 jaar oud is, te gebruiken om een moderne theorie te onderzoeken,” aldus Lacerda. Het voorstel van Lacerda en collega’s is van harte welkom. Pogingen om planeet X op te sporen en dus het bestaan ervan te bewijzen, zijn tot op heden op niets uitgelopen.
Previously unseen documents reveal how officials at the U.K.'s Ministry of Defence handled the 'UFO mania' of the late 1990
A former official at the U.K.’s Ministry of Defence has shed new light on the circumstances surrounding a secret government UFO study that was conducted during the 1990s.
In 1996, the MoD commissioned a defense contractor to produce a comprehensive report on U.K. UFO sightings. The report was compiled at a time of huge public interest in UFOs fueled by the wildly popular “X-Files” TV series and 1997’s 50th anniversary of the purported UFO incident in Roswell, New Mexico.
Careful to avoid using the term UFO, the report described sightings as Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP).
Code-named Project Condign, the report analyzed a database of sightings between 1987 and 1997 and was delivered to officials in 2000. The study, entitled ‘Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) in the UK Air Defence Region,’ found that that sightings could be explained by a variety of known phenomena, both man-made and natural. The incidence of relatively rare natural phenomena was also noted. “No evidence exists to associate the phenomena with any particular nation,” it said.
Project Condign has been compared to Project Blue Book, a U.S. Air Force effort to investigate UFOs that closed in 1969.
Nick Pope, a former MoD UFO investigator who is now an author and journalist, told Fox News that he was involved in setting up the study with his counterpart in the Ministry’s Defence Intelligence Staff. “The reason for the study was that while we'd been investigating UFO sightings on a case-by-case basis for decades, we'd done very little trend analysis,” he explained, via an emailed statement. “Project Condign was supposed to rectify this and be a proper intelligence assessment that would look for patterns in data we already had.”
“We were trying to draw everything together and say in relation to UFOs: 'OK, what's our best assessment of what we're dealing with, what are the threats, and what are the opportunities?',” he added.
Initial discussions about the study started in 1993, according to Pope, who had left the MoD’s UFO project by the time work on the report itself started.
“The study was highly classified and extremely sensitive, not least because the MoD consistently told parliament, the media and the public that UFOs were of limited interest and ‘no defense significance’,” Pope said. “Our concern was that if the existence of the study became known, it would have exposed an internal position on the phenomenon that was different from our public position.”
The report only entered the public domain in 2006 following a Freedom of Information request from academic Dr. David Clarke. The identity of the report’s author has not been revealed.
A new set of previously-unseen documents recently obtained by Clarke, a principal research fellow at the U.K’s Sheffield Hallam University, have thrust Project Condign into the spotlight once again. The records show how over-worked MoD officials were keen to reduce their commitment to investigating reports of UFO sightings. With its findings, Project Condign duly laid the foundations for the MoD to start scaling back its UFO-related operations. The Ministry’s DI55 department, which had secretly collected data on potential UFO sightings since 1967, closed at the end of 2000. The MoD’s UFO Desk closed in 2009.
Pope found the final Project Condign report disappointing. “In places it looked like a conclusion-led study where data had been used to support a personal opinion,” he said, but acknowledged the challenges involved in compiling such a confidential report.
“The problem with an intelligence study like Project Condign is that it's so secret and sensitive that those involved don't reach out to subject matter experts outside the intelligence community,” he explained, adding that consultation with the U.K.’s Met Office weather service, other scientists and academics would have been helpful.
The report also suggested that atmospheric plasma may account for some UFO sightings, which Pope sees as confusing. “In speculating about exotic atmospheric plasma phenomena the report's author had made the classic mistake of trying to explain one mystery in terms of another,” he said.
The former MoD employee was also surprised by the discussion of “novel military applications” that could be supported by greater understanding of the UFO phenomenon. “This was essentially a reference to weaponization, including the construction of a directed energy weapon,” he said.
In a statement provided earlier this week to Fox News, the MoD explained that all its historic files that refer to UFOs have either been released, or are in the process of being released to the U.K.’s National Archives. “The MOD continues to have no opinion on the existence, or otherwise, of extra-terrestrial life and does not investigate reported unidentified flying object sightings,” it said.
This is not actually a UFO, it’s a group of starlings
(Stock image, Rex)
concealing evidence that UFOs are real? Almost certainly not, but three ‘missing’ documents are stirring up the usual conspiracy theories about flying saucers." data-reactid="31" style="text-align: justify;">Is the Ministry of Defence concealing evidence that UFOs are real? Almost certainly not, but three ‘missing’ documents are stirring up the usual conspiracy theories about flying saucers.
The documents were ‘missed out’ when the Ministry of Defence agreed to open up its ‘X Files’ – or at least that’s what former MoD employee (and UFO fan) Nick Pope reckons.
Rendlesham Forest incident in 1980 – often described as ‘Britain’s Roswell’." data-reactid="33" style="text-align: justify;">The documents released so far have shed light on incidents such as the Rendlesham Forest incident in 1980 – often described as ‘Britain’s Roswell’.
But so far, they’ve not contained any ‘proof’ of alien life – and Pope says that the failure to release the last three files is stoking conspiracy theories.
Nick Pope said, ‘Having worked on the Ministry of Defence’s UFO project and having written many of the documents that have already been released, I’m extremely disappointed that ten years after the release of the first files, the project is still incomplete.
Pope claims that three documents have shuttled back and forth between the MoD and the National Archives.
Sometimes referred to as the “British Roswell,” the 1980 incident in Rendlesham Forest outside Suffolk, England, remains one of the U.K.’s most compelling stories of a UFO encounter
(Rex)
Pope said, ‘A lot of people think the government is covering up the truth about UFOs and this unfortunate situation is only adding fuel to the fire with regard to these conspiracy theories.’
Dr David Clarke of Sheffield Hallam University claims that there might be a very real reason why there is no ‘smoking gun’ in the Ministry of Defence’s ‘X-Files’.
Clarke says that government efforts to investigate UFOs in 1997 deliberately focused on other explanations – and that officials deliberately destroyed files after a report which discounted the possibility of alien sightings, the Guardian reports. https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/may/06/documents-reveal-how-mod-played-down-ufo-thesis-in-x-files-study
Messages between analysts and the Defence Intelligence Service said that investigations should focus on foreign powers and technology, and that it ‘It shouldn’t be driven by a UFO thesis’.
The report, completed in 2000, gave the Ministry of Defence grounds for a new policy where it no longer accepted reports of alien sightings.
But Defence Intelligence Service officials then destroyed the database, Clarke discovered after filing Freedom of Information requests.
Bizarre viral video claims to show 'UFO' sucking energy from a lightning bolt
Bizarre viral video claims to show 'UFO' sucking energy from a lightning bolt
(Credit: SecureTeam 10, Youtube)
A bizarre YouTube video posted by conspiracy theory channel SecureTeam10 has gone viral as it purportedly shows a UFO sucking energy from a lightning bolt.
The video, entitled "They Dwell in the Lightning," appears to show an object in the sky near a lightning bolt in the Czech Republic. The video was posted 5 days ago and has already racked up nearly 500,000 views.
The herky-jerky footage purportedly shows a "triangular-shaped UFO" following the lightning bolt with ease. Commenters on the video are mixed about what they are seeing, with some claiming it is indeed a UFO, while others believe it's a hoax.
[T]they" are clearly recharging their "batteries" using natural sources of lightning's energy.," one commenter wrote.
"Aliens aren't real, they were invented by Hollywood in the 40's," another wrote.
Several even made references to the "Back to the Future" movies because of a bolt of lightning provided energy to Marty McFly's car. "Doc Brown did it in back to the future, now aliens using bolts to power their vehicles," one commenter wrote.
SecureTeam10, which has its videos narrated by "Tyler Glockner," is known for posting conspiracy theory videos.
In the past, the YouTube channel has posted videos purporting to contain an "alien tank"found on the Moon and a giant hole found on Mars could be the work of aliens.
Neither of these instances has ever been confirmed by NASA or any other government agency.
A 2013 map of the background radiation left over from the Big Bang, taken by the ESA's Planck spacecraft, captured the oldest light in the universe. This information helps astronomers determine the age of the universe.
Credit: ESA and the Planck Collaboration.
The Big Bang Theory is the leading explanation about how the universe began. At its simplest, it says the universe as we know it started with a small singularity, then inflated over the next 13.8 billion years to the cosmos that we know today.
Because current instruments don't allow astronomers to peer back at the universe's birth, much of what we understand about the Big Bang Theory comes from mathematical formulas and models. Astronomers can, however, see the "echo" of the expansion through a phenomenon known as the cosmic microwave background.
While the majority of the astronomical community accepts the theory, there are some theorists who have alternative explanations besides the Big Bang — such as eternal inflation or an oscillating universe.
The phrase "Big Bang Theory" has been popular among astrophysicists for decades, but it hit the mainstream in 2007 when a comedy show with the same name premiered on CBS. The show follows the home and academic life of several researchers (including an astrophysicist).
The first second, and the birth of light
In the first second after the universe began, the surrounding temperature was about 10 billion degrees Fahrenheit (5.5 billion Celsius), according to NASA. The cosmos contained a vast array of fundamental particles such as neutrons, electrons and protons. These decayed or combined as the universe got cooler.
This early soup would have been impossible to look at, because light could not carry inside of it. "The free electrons would have caused light (photons) to scatter the way sunlight scatters from the water droplets in clouds," NASA stated. Over time, however, the free electrons met up with nuclei and created neutral atoms. This allowed light to shine through about 380,000 years after the Big Bang.
This early light — sometimes called the "afterglow" of the Big Bang — is more properly known as the cosmic microwave background (CMB). It was first predicted by Ralph Alpher and other scientists in 1948, but was found only by accident almost 20 years later. [Images: Peering Back to the Big Bang & Early Universe]
Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson, both of Bell Telephone Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey, were building a radio receiver in 1965 and picking up higher-than-expected temperatures, according to NASA. At first, they thought the anomaly was due to pigeons and their dung, but even after cleaning up the mess and killing pigeons that tried to roost inside the antenna, the anomaly persisted.
Simultaneously, a Princeton University team (led by Robert Dicke) was trying to find evidence of the CMB, and realized that Penzias and Wilson had stumbled upon it. The teams each published papers in the Astrophysical Journal in 1965.
Determining the age of the universe
The cosmic microwave background has been observed on many missions. One of the most famous space-faring missions was NASA's Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) satellite, which mapped the sky in the 1990s.
Several other missions have followed in COBE's footsteps, such as the BOOMERanG experiment (Balloon Observations of Millimetric Extragalactic Radiation and Geophysics), NASA's Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) and the European Space Agency's Planck satellite.
Planck's observations, first released in 2013, mapped the background in unprecedented detail and revealed that the universe was older than previously thought: 13.82 billion years old, rather than 13.7 billion years old. [Related: How Old is the Universe?] (The research observatory's mission is ongoing and new maps of the CMB are released periodically.)
Examining the CMB also gives astronomers clues as to the composition of the universe. Researchers think most of the cosmos is made up of matter and energy that cannot be "sensed" with conventional instruments, leading to the names dark matter and dark energy. Only 5 percent of the universe is made up of matter such as planets, stars and galaxies.
Gravitational waves controversy
While astronomers could see the universe's beginnings, they've also been seeking out proof of its rapid inflation. Theory says that in the first second after the universe was born, our cosmos ballooned faster than the speed of light. That, by the way, does not violate Albert Einstein's speed limit since he said that light is the maximum anything can travel within the universe. That did not apply to the inflation of the universe itself.
"We're very confident that the signal that we're seeing is real, and it's on the sky," lead researcher John Kovac, of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, told Space.com in March 2014.
But by June, the same team said that their findings could have been altered by galactic dust getting in the way of their field of view.
"The basic takeaway has not changed; we have high confidence in our results," Kovac said in a press conference reported by the New York Times. "New information from Planck makes it look like pre-Planckian predictions of dust were too low," he added.
The results from Planck were put online in pre-published form in September. By January 2015, researchers from both teams working together "confirmed that the Bicep signal was mostly, if not all, stardust," the New York Times said in another article.
This graphic shows a timeline of the universe based on the Big Bang theory and inflation models.
Credit: NASA/WMAP
Separately, gravitational waves have been confirmed when talking about the movements and collisions of black holes that are a few tens of masses larger than our sun. These waves have been detected multiple times by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) since 2016. As LIGO becomes more sensitive, it is anticipated that discovering black hole-related gravitational waves will be a fairly frequent event.
Faster inflation, multiverses and charting the start
The universe is not only expanding, but getting faster as it inflates. This means that with time, nobody will be able to spot other galaxies from Earth, or any other vantage point within our galaxy.
"We will see distant galaxies moving away from us, but their speed is increasing with time," Harvard University astronomer Avi Loeb said in a March 2014 Space.com article.
"So, if you wait long enough, eventually, a distant galaxy will reach the speed of light. What that means is that even light won't be able to bridge the gap that's being opened between that galaxy and us. There's no way for extraterrestrials on that galaxy to communicate with us, to send any signals that will reach us, once their galaxy is moving faster than light relative to us."
Some physicists also suggest that the universe we experience is just one of many. In the "multiverse" model, different universes would coexist with each other like bubbles lying side by side. The theory suggests that in that first big push of inflation, different parts of space-time grew at different rates. This could have carved off different sections — different universes — with potentially different laws of physics.
"It's hard to build models of inflation that don't lead to a multiverse," Alan Guth, a theoretical physicist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, said during a news conference in March 2014 concerning the gravitational waves discovery. (Guth is not affiliated with that study.)
"It's not impossible, so I think there's still certainly research that needs to be done. But most models of inflation do lead to a multiverse, and evidence for inflation will be pushing us in the direction of taking [the idea of a] multiverse seriously."
While we can understand how the universe we see came to be, it's possible that the Big Bang was not the first inflationary period the universe experienced. Some scientists believe we live in a cosmos that goes through regular cycles of inflation and deflation, and that we just happen to be living in one of these phases.
Our universe may live in one bubble that is sitting in a network of bubble universes in space.
Credit: Sandy MacKenzie | Shutterstock
Is our universe unique? From science fiction to science fact, there is a concept that suggests that there could be other universes besides our own, where all the choices you made in this life played out in alternate realities. The concept is known as a "parallel universe," and is a facet of the astronomical theory of the multiverse.
The idea is pervasive in comic books, video games, television and movies. Franchises ranging from "Buffy the Vampire Slayer" to "Star Trek" to "Doctor Who" to "Digemon" use the idea to extend plotlines. (A fuller list of parallel universes in fiction is at the bottom of the article.)
There actually is quite a bit of evidence out there for a multiverse. First, it is useful to understand how our universe is believed to have come to be.
Arguing for a multiverse
Around 13.7 billion years ago, simply speaking, everything we know of in the cosmos was an infinitesimal singularity. Then, according to the Big Bang theory, some unknown trigger caused it to expand and inflate in three-dimensional space. As the immense energy of this initial expansion cooled, light began to shine through. Eventually, the small particles began to form into the larger pieces of matter we know today, such as galaxies, stars and planets.
One big question with this theory is: are we the only universe out there? With our current technology, we are limited to observations within this universe because the universe is curved and we are inside the fishbowl, unable to see the outside of it (if there is an outside.)
We don't know what the shape of space-time is exactly. One prominent theory is that it is flat and goes on forever. This would present the possibility of many universes being out there. But with that topic in mind, it's possible that universes can start repeating themselves. That's because particles can only be put together in so many ways. More about that in a moment.
2. Bubble universes.
Another theory for multiple universes comes from "eternal inflation." Based on research from Tufts University cosmologist Alexander Vilenkin, when looking at space-time as a whole, some areas of space stop inflating like the Big Bang inflated our own universe. Others, however, will keep getting larger. So if we picture our own universe as a bubble, it is sitting in a network of bubble universes of space. What's interesting about this theory is the other universes could have very different laws of physics than our own, since they are not linked.
3. Daughter universes.
Or perhaps multiple universes can follow the theory of quantum mechanics (how subatomic particles behave), as part of the "daughter universe" theory. If you follow the laws of probability, it suggests that for every outcome that could come from one of your decisions, there would be a range of universes — each of which saw one outcome come to be. So in one universe, you took that job to China. In another, perhaps you were on your way and your plane landed somewhere different, and you decided to stay. And so on.
4. Mathematical universes.
Another possible avenue is exploring mathematical universes, which, simply put, explain that the structure of mathematics may change depending in which universe you reside. "A mathematical structure is something that you can describe in a way that's completely independent of human baggage," said theory-proposer Max Tegmark of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, as quoted in the 2012 article. "I really believe that there is this universe out there that can exist independently of me that would continue to exist even if there were no humans."
5. Parallel universes.
And last but not least as the idea of parallel universes. Going back to the idea that space-time is flat, the number of possible particle configurations in multiple universes would be limited to 10^10^122 distinct possibilities, to be exact. So, with an infinite number of cosmic patches, the particle arrangements within them must repeat — infinitely many times over. This means there are infinitely many "parallel universes": cosmic patches exactly the same as ours (containing someone exactly like you), as well as patches that differ by just one particle's position, patches that differ by two particles' positions, and so on down to patches that are totally different from ours.
Famously, physicist's Stephen Hawking's last paper before his death also dealt with the multiverse. The paper was published in May 2018, just a few months after Hawking's demise. About the theory, he told Cambridge University in an interview published in The Washington Post, "We are not down to a single, unique universe, but our findings imply a significant reduction of the multiverse to a much smaller range of possible universes."
Arguing against a parallel universe
Not everyone agrees with the parallel universe theory, however. A 2015 article on Medium by astrophysicist Ethan Siegal agreed that space-time could go on forever in theory, but said that there are some limitations with that idea.
The key problem is the universe is just under 14 billion years old. So our universe's age itself is obviously not infinite, but a finite amount. This would (simply put) limit the number of possibilities for particles to rearrange themselves, and sadly make it less possible that your alternate self did get on that plane after all to see China.
Also, the expansion at the beginning of the universe took place exponentially because there was so much "energy inherent to space itself," he said. But over time, that inflation obviously slowed — those particles of matter created at the Big Bang are not continuing to expand, he pointed out. Among his conclusions: that means that multiverses would have different rates of inflation and different times (longer or shorter) for inflation. This decreases the possibilities of universes similar to our own.
"Even setting aside issues that there may be an infinite number of possible values for fundamental constants, particles and interactions, and even setting aside interpretation issues such as whether the many-worlds-interpretation actually describes our physical reality," Siegal said, "the fact of the matter is that the number of possible outcomes rises so quickly — so much faster than merely exponentially — that unless inflation has been occurring for a truly infinite amount of time, there are no parallel universes identical to this one."
But rather than seeing this lack of other universes as a limitation, Siegal instead takes the philosophy that it shows how important it is to celebrate being unique. He advises to make the choices that work for you, which "leave you with no regrets." That's because there are no other realities where the choices of your dream self play out; you, therefore, are the only person that can make those choices happen.
Parallel universes in science fiction
Here are some of the more prominent uses of parallel universes in science fiction. (This is by no means a complete list, but a sampling of some of the more-quoted examples.)
Marvel Comics and DC Comics feature stories set in parallel universes that are part of the multiverse.
Many anime series, such as "Digimon," "Dragon Ball" and "Sonic the Hedgehog" feature alternate versions of their characters from other universes.
Parallel universes appear in games such as "Dungeons & Dragons," "BioShock Infinite," the "Final Fantasy" franchise, "Half-Life," "League of Legends," "Mortal Kombat" and "The Legend of Zelda."
"Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions" (1884), by Edwin A. Abbott, is a story about a two-dimensional world that includes living geometric figures such as circles, triangles and squares. The novel also includes other universes such as Lineland, Spaceland and Pointland. This book was adapted into a feature film in 2007.
"Men Like Gods" (1923), an H.G. Wells novel, included a "paratime" machine and explored the multiverse.
"The Chronicles of Narnia" (1950-56), a C.S. Lewis book series, features several children who move between our world and the world of Narnia, where there are talking animals. Some of these books were released as feature films earlier in the 2000s.
An episode of "Star Trek" featured a "mirror universe" in which the characters were more ruthless and warlike. The concept was repeated in nearly every subsequent "Star Trek" series. In 2009, the "Star Trek" universe got a reboot in a movie that put the characters from the 1960s original series in an alternate universe. The movie starred Chris Pine and Zachary Quinto and set off a series of other "Star Trek" films.
In "The Dark Tower," a Stephen King series that began in 1982, travellers go through portals to different levels of the titular tower (in other words, parallel Earths). Part of the series was adapted into a feature film in 2017.
The "Back to the Future" movie series (which began in 1985) follows the adventures of the McFly family, including visits to 1885, 1955 and 2015. The second film in particular shows the drawbacks of an alternate reality, when one character uses it to get rich by nefarious means. The series starred Michael J. Fox.
In the "His Dark Materials" series by Philip Pullman, children move between multiple worlds. The first book, "The Golden Compass," was adapted into a film in in 2007.
"Sliding Doors" (1998) is a film that showed two parallel universes depending on whether the main character caught a train or not. It starred Gwyneth Paltrow and John Hannah.
"Run Lola Run" (1998) is a film starring Franka Potente. The film shows multiple alternatives as a woman tries to get 100,000 Deutsche marks in only 20 minutes to save her boyfriend's life.
"Timeline" (1999) by Michael Crichton follows historians who go back in time to the Middle Ages. (While the book is mostly a time travel book, the multiverse is used in it as well.) A film based on the book was released in 2003.
"Donnie Darko" (2001) is a film in which a high school student finds himself confronted with visions and tries to figure out their meaning. It starred Jake Gyllenhaal.
"The Long Earth" book series, by Terry Pratchett and Stephen Baxter, discusses parallel universes that may be nearly the same as Earth.
"Stranger Things" (2016 to present) is a science fiction-horror television series that begins with the investigation of a young boy's disappearance in a small town. The series includes discussion of an alternate dimension called the Upside Down.
Listen To How Artificial intelligence Poses As A Human And Makes Phone Reservation
Listen To How Artificial intelligence Poses As A Human And Makes Phone Reservation
Listen To How Artificial intelligence Poses As A Human And Makes Phone Reservation
This is scary and awesome at the same time. Google’s new AI sounds like a human on the phone, and some experts say, we should be very worried.
During the last few years many companies have used the term “artificial intelligence” to talk about their virtual assistants, but let’s admit it, neither Siri nor other mobile phones ‘assistants’ really feel as smart as we expect.
However, the Google assistant has improved so much that ‘it’ can pass off as a human, and it’s kinda’ very scary and awesome at the same time.
Google’s AI
Google has recently presented the new version of Google Assistant, its intelligent virtual assistant, during the initial conference of Google I / O 2018.
Sundar Pichai wanted to demonstrate the capabilities of the platform, which now seems to be so far ahead of the competition that it tricks ordinary people into believing they are speaking with another human and not some creepy AI assistant.
During the demonstration, Google had the AI Assistant ask for an appointment in a hairdressing salon, and the conversation feels so natural that it is practically impossible to distinguish a real person from the AI.
Check out the video below and hold on to your seat.
If this isn’t scary then what is?
Bridget Carey✔@BridgetCarey
I am genuinely bothered and disturbed at how morally wrong it is for the Google Assistant voice to act like a human and deceive other humans on the other line of a phone call, using upspeek and other quirks of language. "Hi um, do you have anything available on uh May 3?" #io18
The intonation of the words by the AI, the expressions that it uses, the small doubts when “speaking,” simply put, Google has made a wonder.
However, many experts would definitely agree that what Google has achieved, as well as being surprising, is terrifying, especially if you have seen how science fiction movies involving artificial intelligence end.
It is noteworthy to mention that the new Google Assistant is still in development, so for now it has no arrival date to the public.
Now imagine combining Sophie, the creepy human robot, and Google’s AI assistant.
As noted by the verge, “if robots can freely pose as humans the scope for mischief is incredible; ranging from scam calls to automated hoaxes. One effect of AI phone calls might be to make us all a little bit ruder. If we can’t tell the difference between humans and machines on the phone, will we treat all phone conversations with suspicion?”
And they’ve got a point there, after all the possibilities are endless, despite the fact that there are more good sides than bad sides to it.
As our technology has become more sophisticated, so has the search for other potential life in the universe. Some NASA scientists are now estimating that we may have contact with extraterrestrial contact in as little 25 years.
Last year, scientists announced the discovery of a planet, a red dwarf 12.36 light years away; only four light years away from Earth located in the Alpha Centauri system. The planet is called Proxima Centauri, and it may be habitable. This discovery, along with recent discoveries of other potential exoplanets that can harbor life has led many leading astronomers to come to the conclusion that we likely are not alone in the universe.
A project aimed at listening for signals of other intelligent life, SETI (Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence), has been active for several years analyzing signals from outer space of intelligent sourcing. A spin-off of the SETI project is called METI (Messaging Extraterrestrial Intelligence) is focused on designing and transmitting messages to possible life-bearing planets. METI Project Scientists recently transmitted a signal to a relatively nearby star called Luyten’s Star (GJ 273). The signal sent to Luyten’s Star incorporates “a scientific and mathematical “tutorial,'” as well as 33 short musical compositions by artists in the Sónar community, according to Space.com.
Some new factors to consider based on advanced radio telescopes and on Kepler data, (Kepler is aspace observatory launched by NASA to discover Earth-size planets orbiting other stars), is thathabitable exoplanets similar to Earth are much more common than originally thought, and the universe is more expansive than we have believed. We are learning more each day and NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope, planning to launch between March and June 2019, will exponentially add to our understanding.
Scientists from UC Berkeley and the University of Hawaii issued a study that 22 percent of sun-like stars may harbor planets roughly the size of Earth in their habitable zones that have been overlooked because these planets are harder to detect. One of the study’s co-authors, Andrew Howard, stated “With about 100 billion stars in our Milky Way galaxy, that’s about 20 billion such planets … That’s a few Earth-sized planets for every human being on the planet Earth.” Read about Earth-like exoplanets.
The estimates of potential earth-like planets vary among astronomers and exobiologists (those who study extraterrestrial life). NASA estimates conclude that there are probably more than 100 billion Earth-like planets based on the assumption that our universe has 500 billion billion stars similar to our own. That figure contemplates nearly identical conditions for life to evolve on these planets. Evidence derived from new powerful telescopes, including Kepler’s exploration of the Milky Way and various space probes in our own solar system, have shown that the water is more common place that thought and the organic building blocks of life are abundant.
These estimates are generally based upon a formula of probability created by astronomer Dr. Frank Drake in 1961. His “Drake Equation” sought to arrive at an estimate of the number of active, communicative extraterrestrial civilizations in the Milky Way galaxy.
It was based on:
N = The number of civilizations in The Milky Way Galaxy whose electromagnetic emissions are detectable.
R* = The rate of formation of stars suitable for the development of intelligent life.
fp = The fraction of those stars with planetary systems.
ne = The number of planets, per solar system, with an environment suitable for life.
fl = The fraction of suitable planets on which life actually appears.
fi = The fraction of life bearing planets on which intelligent life emerges.
fc = The fraction of civilizations that develop a technology that releases detectable signs of their existence into space.
L = The length of time such civilizations release detectable signals into space.
In addition to radio telescope scanning, analytics in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence is significantly improving. A new capability based upon machine learning and artificial intelligence was created by researchers at the University of Toronto Scarborough, Canada. The computing capability is believed to be up to 1,000 times faster at predicting whether a planet is potentially habitable. Researchers will also use the AI tool to study NASA's impending Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) which is set to launch in 2018.
Beyond the Milky Way, The numbers of planets that could support life, as we know it, are really mind-boggling. Astronomers at the University of Auckland claim that there are actually around 100 billion habitable, Earth-like planets in the Milky Way. Multiplied by the 500 billion plus galaxies in the universe, they estimate around 50,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 (5×1022) habitable planets, or 50 sextillion in the universe. Of course, forms of life that could potentially evolve without Earth eco-systems would exponentially change that estimate to even a greater number.
There are a variety of projects dedicated to the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) now scanning space with sensitive optical and acoustic technologies. Also, Gravitational Microlensing is being used for detection of planets using techniques measuring the bending of light emitted by a star as a result of gravity from orbiting objects.
There are those who say with all the possibilities of life out there – where is it and why have we not yet discovered it? This is commonly called the “Fermi Paradox” noting the contradiction between the high probability that life that is predicted to be in our universe, and the lack of evidence that advanced life exists anywhere else but Earth. But as such a young civilization that only discovered electricity in a recent era, there is not really much of a paradox. We are just at the doorstep of exploration and cannot not expect to know what we do not know yet. Man’s real quest for the stars has really just begun.
As mankind’s technology (especially artificial intelligence) and computing capabilities continue to grow, so will our ability to explore in greater detail the expansiveness of space and the multitude of galaxies. What was yesterday’s science fiction is now today’s reality. Someday, we may even have the capacity to travel beyond our dreams as humans, perhaps as cyborgs or replicating robotic probes. The continued discovery of Earth-like planets in our galaxy and beyond is another small step in our pondering of an understanding of what may be out there as we peer among the night sky.
Chuck Brooks is President of Brooks Consulting International. LinkedIn named Chuck as one of “The Top 5 Tech People to Follow on LinkedIn” out of their 500 million members. He has published more than 150 articles and blogs on cybersecurity and technology issues. In both 2017 and 2016, he was named “Cybersecurity Marketer of the Year by the Cybersecurity Excellence Awards. Chuck’s professional industry affiliations include being the Chairman of CompTIA’s New and Emerging Technology Committee, and as a member of The AFCEA Cybersecurity Committee. In government, Chuck has served at The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) as the first Legislative Director of The Science & Technology Directorate at the Department of Homeland Security. He served as a top Advisor to the late Senator Arlen Specter on Capitol Hill covering security and technology issues on Capitol Hill. In academia, Chuck was an Adjunct Faculty Member at Johns Hopkins University where he taught a graduate course on homeland security for two years. He has an MA in International relations from the University of Chicago, a BA in Political Science from DePauw University, and a Certificate in International Law from The Hague Academy of International Law.
We mentioned in a previous blog that our drone “Dronita” had picked up some spectacular crop marks, but what creates these marks, and what can we actually determine from them?
When we mention crop marks most people’s first response is “crop circles? Wow!” But there are no mysterious alien forces at work here! A crop circle is a design pressed into the crop (by whichever process you choose to believe) but a crop mark is an area of land where subsurface archaeology has prevented or limited the growth of the crop. Much less exciting (or more, if you’re an archaeologist)! As a result, when a field is in full crop it can be easy to spot lines or structures as there are sections where nothing has grown.
But how exactly does the underlying archaeology prevent the crop growing? Obviously we’re not talking about small pieces of pottery here, but much larger structures such as buildings or roads. The bricks and stones below ground prevent roots from growing to their full ability and as a result the crop grows less well and appears more stunted than those surrounding it which can grow without any obstructions.
Additionally, the presence of stones takes water away from that area and into other sections of the soil, making them more fertile and in these sections the plants will grow more robustly than the others.
Depending on the crop, the marks can be more or less obvious. Thankfully, M.C. the crop growing in many of the fields we surveyed in 2017, was quite short and completely unable to grow above the subsurface archaeology, which made the crop marks incredibly apparent, which was great for us!
Here you can see some structures and even possible paving stones from the road!
More difficult to see from the drone is a “positive crop mark” which is essentially the opposite of what we’ve been talking about above. With a positive crop mark, the area below the plant is likely a depression deeper than the rest of the field. Often, these ditches or holes are filled with much more organic and fertile soil, thus resulting in the plants growing stronger than others in the field.
You can see in this rough diagram (drawn by yours truly) how all this works.
Crop marks at work!
And that is everything you need to know about crop marks! Any questions? You can always ask on our Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram . We’ll be answering some FAQs in a later blog, so if there’s something you’ve always wanted to know about archaeology, Italy, or our field school in general, get in touch! And if you’ve been enjoying our recent updates, don’t forget you can follow our blog by email and get notifications every time we post, so you’ll never miss an update!
Alien life could possibly be discovered by taking a look at a planet’s altering seasons
Alien life could possibly be discovered by taking a look at a planet’s altering seasons
Why havent we discovered alien life?
Hundreds of probably liveable planets have been discovered exterior the Solar System, orbiting close by stars. It could possibly be doable to slim down this seek for extraterrestrial life by taking a look at a planet’s environment and finding out seasonal adjustments.
It is very unlikely that people are going to go to exoplanets anytime quickly, so the seek for life ought to start by taking a look at their atmospheres, says a brand new examine, studies Phys.Org. Called biosignatures, these are likened to fingerprints that organic life is more likely to depart within the environment. Researchers consider that they are often measured utilizing superior, next-gen telescopes on the lookout for the composition of gases in planets a number of mild years away.
However, the report additionally factors out that biosignatures based mostly on single measurements may be inaccurate and even deceptive. So to make this an efficient methodology to search for alien life, researchers are creating the primary ever quantitative framework to detect dynamic biosignatures which might be based mostly on Earth’s atmospheric seasons and the way it adjustments yearly, notes the report. It is being executed with funding from the NASA Astrobiology Institute and by scientists on the University of California, Riverside’s Alternative Earths Astrobiology Center.
If there are seasonal adjustments in exoplanets, that would imply there’s life on the marketCreative Commons
“A probably highly effective method to assess exoplanets for inhabitation could be to look at their atmospheres all through their orbits to see if we will detect adjustments in these biosignature gases over the course of a yr,” stated lead creator is Stephanie Olson. “In some circumstances, such adjustments could be troublesome to elucidate with out life and will even permit us to make progress in direction of characterizing, reasonably than merely recognizing, life on an exoplanet.”
Earth, on its tilted axis, receives completely different ranges of daylight in numerous components of the yr, this results in seen adjustments within the climate and the size of days within the floor. However, the adjustments in climate additionally has an impact on atmospheric composition, notes the report. The northern hemisphere, for instance, has a majority of the planet’s vegetation, so in the summertime, the northern hemisphere has a measurably decrease degree of carbon dioxide and better degree of oxygen.
“Atmospheric seasonality is a promising biosignature as a result of it’s biologically modulated on Earth and is more likely to happen on different inhabited worlds,” stated Olson. “Inferring life based mostly on seasonality would not require an in depth understanding of alien biochemistry as a result of it arises as a organic response to seasonal adjustments within the setting, reasonably than as a consequence of a particular organic exercise that is perhaps distinctive to the Earth.”
Apart from axis tilt like on Earth, extraordinarily elliptical orbits might additionally trigger seasons to vary on exoplanets, notes the report. Using an imaging approach known as spectroscopy, it could possibly be doable to mannequin fluctuations of gases like oxygen in these alien planets.
“It’s actually necessary that we precisely mannequin these sorts of eventualities now, so the area and ground-based telescopes of the long run may be designed to establish essentially the most promising biosignatures,” stated Edward Schwieterman, a NASA Postdoctoral Program fellow at UCR. “In the case of ozone, we would want telescopes to incorporate ultraviolet capabilities to simply detect it.”
“Both oxygen and methane are promising biosignatures, however there are methods they are often produced with out life,” he added.
The paper, titled “Atmospheric Seasonality As An Exoplanet Biosignature,” was first printed within the Astrophysical Journal Letters.
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EXTRATERRESTRIAL ETIQUETTE: HOW SHOULD HUMANITY INTERACT WITH ALIEN LIFE?
EXTRATERRESTRIAL ETIQUETTE: HOW SHOULD HUMANITY INTERACT WITH ALIEN LIFE?
Humanity should start thinking about how to interact with alien species long before coming into contact with extraterrestrial life, experts say.
Coming up with a strict set of guidelines that govern the way people on future interstellar space missions study and interact with aliens is imperative before anyone blasts off to a distant world, according to attendees at Starship Congress in August.
While a “prime directive” — the rule that prevented Star Fleet officers from interfering with the business of alien life-forms on TV’s “Star Trek” — might be a little extreme, such a rule could help govern interactions between aliens and humans.
“In the event that we discover evidence of intelligent life on another world, that will be a social, cultural and technologically influential event to human affairs which will need to be managed with great care and to ensure our culture and their culture remains intact and not disrupted by this new knowledge,” Kelvin Long, the founder of Project Icarus, said during a panel on Aug. 16.
People traveling to distant stars will be carrying tangible and intangible aspects of human culture with them, so it should be curated responsibly before being sent to an alien planet, one expert said.
“I think it comes down to how we’re going,” Armen Papazian, the CEO of the International Space Development Hub, said. “Do we trust that this is a beautiful universe, an incredible cosmos? Do we really believe that it’s an amazing landscape, it’s a bed of stars? What do we think we’re going out there to find and are we going to embrace it or are we going to utilize? Are we trying to export our scarcity economics or are we trying to enjoy the abundant cosmos? … Whatever we are here, we’re going to export wherever we go.”
It’s possible that humans in the future will have no desire to land on exoplanets after free-roaming in space for years at a time, Icarus Interstellar president Richard Obousy said.
“I’m not convinced that when we have the capabilities to build starships … that we’ll want to go from one gravitational abyss to another gravitational abyss,” Obousy said. “I’m not convinced that settling on planets or even moons is going to be necessary.”
Humans can’t help but explore and interact with the world around them, Icarus Interstellar’s James Benford said during the panel.
“We won’t leave them alone,” Benford said. “We would like to explore alien ecology extensively to understand if there are any interactions leading to incompatibilities. We would need to establish human research stations to do that because it’s a complex problem. It seems unlikely that there would be interference between separately evolved ecologies, especially if we minimize contamination and wear the appropriate suits.”
Les Johnson, of the Tennessee Valley Interstellar Workshop, takes Benford’s ideas a little further. Johnson and his group have developed three moral principles that he hopes will serve as a guide for any interactions with all kinds of extraterrestrial life:
Learn all you can learn before risking any kind of direct interaction
If it seems to be alive, leave it alone.
Avoid bringing samples to the home world because it might not be totally incompatible with our ecosystem.
When developing a strategy for first contact, it might also be important to think about the mental and physical well-being of the aliens with whom humans could come into contact, panel members stated.
Finding out that a more advanced civilization exists somewhere in the universe could be as jarring for humans around the globe as it was for native peoples when the conquistadors came to North America for the first time, Benford said.
“It wasn’t just guns, disease and steel, it was the shock of finding out that you’re not even No. 1, you’re not even No. 3,” Benford said. “That is a thing to really worry about.”
In spite of all of these rules, it will be up to the people on the starship to ultimately enforce or do away with whatever rules were in place before they left the planet.
“A vibrant interstellar civilization will be essentially ungovernable, and that observing such guidelines will be strictly left up to each and every first contact team to obey or not obey at their discretion,” Johnson said. “When someone is several light-years from home and they’ve encountered something they never encountered before, they’re going to be making the decisions regardless of what the guiding moral principles might have been when they left home.”
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UFO fires on fast moving object in the sky over Michigan?
UFO fires on fast moving object in the sky over Michigan?
On May 8, 2018 ‘Watchingtheskysabove’ was driving the Michigan roads when he noticed that the skies looked a little weird like they’ve been looking lately, so he pointed his cellphone to the sky not knowing what he would capture.
The footage shows two fast moving unknown objects in the sky over Michigan when suddenly several red glowing objects, like some sort of plasma balls, appear close to the first flying object.
A closer look at the footage shows a UFO at some distance from the first object. Although I am not sure whether the red glowing objects are just flares or that the UFO has fired some sort of energy weapon towards the first flying object, it is noticeable that the position of the UFO, which is visible in just a few frames of the footage, is in a straight line with the red glowing objects and the first flying object.
Amazing triangle UFO sighting over Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico 8-May-2018
Amazing triangle UFO sighting over Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico 8-May-2018
Triangle-shaped craft was filmed over Air Force Base in New Mexico on 8th May.
Witnes report:
at first two orange yellow lights just stationary In the sky then a third appeared in a triangle like formation. driving home from work on base, and casually glanced to my right (south) and noticed two orange yellow lights floating and casting a lot of light on the ground between 1 & 7 miles away. I pulled over to look closer and as I was recording with my phone a third appeared in a triangle formation with with the other two. they did not appear to move or fall I heard no audible noise. i know it was not flares from anything cause they were stationary and the only thing in the direction i was looking was open desert.nor was it an aircraft. after i observed for around 5 minutes they all just disappeared within quick succesion.
UFO Researcher Reveals the Flight Path Of A Crashed UFO In The Welsh Mountains
UFO Researcher Reveals the Flight Path Of A Crashed UFO In The Welsh Mountains
A newly disclosed map might have an answer to the question whether a flying saucer that crashed in the Welsh mountains left a strange halo fire.
The incident took place in 1974 in the Berwyn Mountains and now popularly known as the Welsh Roswell. However, only recently UFO researcher Russ Kellett disclosed the map to the public.
According to Kellett, witnesses to the incident gave him the map showing the flight path of the UFO.
People reportedly heard a huge bang and felt tremors on earth, which took place amid claims of brilliant light sighting in the sky above the mountain range at around 8:30 on the night of January 23, 1974. People at Llandderfel and Llandrillo reportedly heard an explosion, which measured 3.5 on the Richter scale. Police reportedly arrived in the area while the search and rescue team of RAF was scrambled from Anglesey. There were claims that other military personnel were also present. According to the Gwynedd police report, a massive explosion had taken place in the area and an enormous fire in the mountainside. One statement from a witness at the time said that they saw bright, coal fire red light in a vast perfect circle, similar to a big bonfire.
However, sceptics offered a simple explanation saying that a meteor, an earthquake or poachers were the cause of the noise and the alleged strange activity.
Mr Kellet claimed five witnesses had given him the map showing the flight paths of RAF jets and the UFO.
The map allegedly shows a red dot indicating the area of the incident and black dotted lines from the west leading to the dot revealing the alleged path of the UFO and RAF jets.
Mr Kellet claimed the five saw an unusual object and went out to have a look, but the military was in the area and asked them to leave. These witnesses then reportedly moved to a better position and began to take pictures.
The five witnesses were all friends, and four served in the military during the World War Two. After their sighting, they decided to investigate the case, and the map is the result.
Mr Kellet said that he received a package from the witnesses after his talk in Bala to a packed audience around the late 1990s or early 2000s. As he gets older, he decided to reveal the map to the public and see if anybody else could shed light on the incident.
In special reports, this week’s files cover: Flying Triangles, North Korea, and 856 March Sightings
Phenomena sightings were reported over Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia. Kansas, Louisiana, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wisconsin.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Australia, Canada, China, Sweden, Turkey, and England in the United Kingdom.
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force investigated UFOs publicly for more than twenty years under Project Blue Book; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFO’s are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
Major George Filer Editor of The National UFO Center, would like to invite join him in Mt Shasta this summer July 27-29th 2018. He will present a wonderful program at the “From Venus with Love” conference.
Fifty years ago (March 7, 1971), a prototype of a new class of aircraft, so odd-shaped that John McPhee of The New Yorker dubbed it the “Deltoid Pumpkin Seed” completed its one and only successful test flight at the FAA Test Center in New Jersey. The craft was an early attempt at a hybrid airship that would rely on both an aerodynamic shape and internal helium to lift heavy cargo loads at low cost, and into remote areas where large cargo planes could not land.
The aircraft was intended as a forerunner of much larger craft thatwould contain helium; these designs were dubbed “Dynairships.” One proposal, the AEREON 340, was to have been 340 feet (100 m) long, with a wingspan of 256 feet (78 m) and total lift of 400,000 pounds (180,000 kg). Powered by four 5,500 horsepower Rolls-Royce Tyne turboprop engines, it was claimed to be capable of carrying intermodal containers or semi-trailers, operating slightly heavier than air. A patent for “a cargo-carrying air ship comprising a gas-filled, low aspect ratio deltoid wing” was granted in 1969; according to this patent, “extremely large ships, having lengths in excess of 1,000 feet (300 m)” and capable of economically transporting “large payloads, ranging up to 1,000 long tons or more” over long distances, were feasible.
Generally, the craft are flown at night and kept in hangars or underground. There are legitimate needs for secrecy. A series of low flying black or dark grey triangles have been flying over the US and UK for several decades. They have generated thousands of reports. They generally fly well below the flight level of normal commercial aircraft. They may alien or a copy of alien craft. Some craft fly only a few feet above the trees or buildings. Numerous reports claim the craft
The craft are a dull, non-reflective dark grey color, without visible markings, (they have ID’s that respond to the proper RF interrogation, similar to the old IFF systems) and they are flown at night. It is likely the intial pumpkin seed design was upgraded and large triangle craft were built. The intial designs were
“David” in the UK writes at last we have more proof that Black Triangles are likely ours. The British military have had large triangles on test flights around the UK and Europe for the past 10 years according to my data, remember the Belgium sighting from the early 90’s and countless others?. Black Triangles are Top Secret and Classified and according to the NEXUS Magazine there D Notices, (i.e they do not exist in the interest of national security the UK media will not report any sightings of triangles. I believe that triangles will eventually become Grey projects in time, just as the stealth bomber has become de-classified as a grey project, so black triangles will also be. They are often seen in South Cumbria around the Morecombe Bay area, and over various coastal Nuclear Powere Stations.
AEREON LIFTING BODY
The Aereon Lifting body is one of a series of black triangle aircraft operating in the US and UK inventory. The larger platforms are lighter-than-air vehicles that use the latest composite materials in construction to reduce their radar image. They are used for Airborne Warning and Control systems, reconnaissance, the covert insertion of troops and airlift of classified materials. Similar craft such as the Aereon 340, Aereon 26, etc., were on the drawing board in the 1960s. US Patent 3,761,041 shows a lifting body that was designed to carry large bulky loads such as large phased array radars similar that mounted in Aegis class ships. Small piloted experimental aircraft were test-flown at Atlantic City Airport before the whole thing was covered up.
Although Aereon appeared to develop the original patents and ideas they do not appear to have been given the contract for building the actual aircraft. I was shown video of the early successful flights of the Aereon craft by the President William Miller. Work undertaken by various experts was classified in 1976/7.
It is believed some of the advantages of the Navy’s Aegis system were incorporated into the Aereon lifting body. The photos of how the Aegis system looks at the Lockheed Martin Combat System Engineering Plant, in Moorestown, New Jersey. This system is normally mounted on a Navy destroyers and cruisers. The Aereon craft could be used by the military to handle exceptionally large amounts of cargo, fuel, or a huge, horizontal triangular phased-array radar antennas (somewhat like an airborne version of the “Pave Paws” ballistic missile detection radar). The is kept in the air by multiple internal helium balloonets and powered by quiet ducted turboprops. Based on eye witness description near Pine Bush, New York the craft seems to be composed of numerous squares of triangular shaped balloons or blimp like structures. Sometimes a superstructure similar to a large ship is observed rising above the main bulk of the craft. Several up close observers such as Ellen Crystal stated the ship was measured sixty feet on each side of the triangle and was bristling with antennas.
Ellen Crystal’s drawings of craft seen near Pine Bush, NY. Dr. Ellen Crystall claims in her 1991 book, Silent Invasion, that she detected evidence for an underground alien base near Pine Bush, NY. .
AEREON Lifting Bodies flying triangle craft are one of the most frequent UFO shapes sighted in recent years. Detailed identifications of these craft indicate one or more is in continuous operation in various parts of the world. In the mid 1980s they were most frequently spotted in the Hudson Valley of the Northeastern part of the United States. In the late 1980s, the area of operation appeared to move to Belgium, in the 90s the sightings occurred mostly over the southeastern coast of England and the North Sea. A black triangle was spotted hovering over Mohonk Mountain Resort New Paltz, NY in November 6, 1998, by several employees of the resort. This craft appears to operate in Canada and the Northeastern part of the US. There have been no announcements by any nation claiming that these large V-shaped craft belong to them.
One possibility is that they deliberately designed the craft to be stealth like by making the craft look like an UFO, so nobody takes the matter seriously. Ridicule and refusal by the news media to publish these stories work to keep the craft secret. The craft can do what they want over populated areas due to the very nature of their appearance. The movement near the Hudson Valley and along the East Coast of England infers these crafts have a long range radar capability. Because it is continually moving enemy forces would have a difficult time targeting its location.
Witnesses report the craft to be black, with white lights at each corner and a red light in the middle. The craft is said to be larger than the width of a super highway, sometimes as large as a football field and either completely silent or accompanied by a faint hum. The craft hover or travel at a very slow speed, 45 mph or less, a speed that would seem incapable of keeping the object airborne. The craft has also been reported to have a phenomenal acceleration, disappearing from over-head to out-of-sight in a few seconds! Sometimes the object ‘blinks out’ and just disappears. The object may carry missiles and other devices to fool the observer.
The earliest reliable witness to these craft occurred Norm Buckallew was at a drive in movie in the summer of 1968. His eye caught a huge object coming from the south east in a brightly lit sky. The full moon made it stand out like a neon sign. He threw the speaker out the window and got in gear, to the complete surprise and quick complaints of my friend. Off we sped, in my 65 Corvair following the highway for seven miles as it drifted slowly along, not going over 40-45 miles an hour the entire time we followed watching it.
We stopped and watched this huge thing glide over us without sound. Its size caused goose bumps to travel up and down my spine. What was this huge black object? It looked like a pyramid. The total size would be about two blocks wide at its rear end, it was a good fifteen to twenty feet thick with rounded edges. There was no sign of any engines at all and no outside lights. However. Along the side toward us we could see clearly a row of windows with a yellow light emitting from them. We could also see figures moving around inside looking out the windows at the ground. There was quite a number of them. We could make out no features but, they had heads, torso, arms and legs like our own. This huge silent craft sounds exactly like what was seen all over Arizona, I know for a fact this was no normal air plane. Its altitude was about 800 feet as it passed over their heads. I have seen UFOs all my life, this was the largest I ever saw and the slowest.
The craft was hovering over large buildings, such as a church in Belgium, and homes in the Northeast. The witnesses agree that the craft is exceptionally large, bigger than any known aircraft. One of the largest aircraft in the world C-5s regularly operate over the Hudson Valley and are based at Stewart Air National Guard Base. Witnesses claim these FT craft are two to five times larger than the C-5 whose wingspan is 223 feet and length is 248 feet. If we double the size of the flying triangle it has roughly both a wingspan and fuselage length of 500 feet. The solid deltoid wing shape obviously it would make it appear as a huge and massive craft. Some estimates imply a thousand foot wing span. Several photos have surfaced that indicate a large triangle with rounded corners at the alleged wing tips.
I met with William Miller the President of Aereon and had him speak to our Air Force Association Group. He showed our group video of the development and flight of his experimental craft. He indicated his company had developed several patents for this kind of technology. One of them, incredibly, was for a huge, triangular, lighter-than air AWACS (Airborne Warning and Control System) carrying giant phased-array radar antennas, based on the old Aereon lifting-body design and powered by turboprops! They apparently have received limited funding in the past from the Air Force, but he assured me they had not built the craft in the photos and drawings. They are simply called lifting bodies.
They are often seen in the general vicinity of Stewart Airport near Newburg, New York, and Westover Air Force Base in Massachusetts. There is speculation that a secret base is somewhere in the Catskills or atFort Drum in northwestern, New York. They are seen as far south as Georgia and Florida. The craft seem to move along a low level military corridor in the Appalachian Mountains. The secrecy may be related to violation of SALT treaty provisions or hopes of keeping the aircraft secret until needed. There were also intriguing reports of “slow-moving triangles” near the military flight test center at Edwards AFB, CA in this period.
I have detailed knowledge of the close encounter between UFOs and Belgian F16’s in March 1990. It was recorded on radar tape that one of the unknowns accelerated to 40 Gs. This is claimed to be clear cut evidence for the ET origin of this vehicle, because terrestrial craft fighters have a maximum acceleration capacity of about 10 Gs. An aircraft that can carry unusually large radars, would likely also be able to send out radar signals they may have fooled the Belgian F-16s into thinking it was taking high G evasive action.
The craft may have perfected a unique camouflage system. The skin of the craft could change color to mimic the sky or ground on its reverse side. A large slow moving, low flying craft would be very vulnerable to enemy action and need both camouflage and stealth operation. The large size of the craft indicates it would need a crew of fifteen to twenty operate the various functions such as radar, take off and landing, cargo, navigation, etc. New composites and plastics can be made clear, or designed to change color with light. An effective camouflage technique is to provide enough light to an object so that it has the same amount of light has the background. During daylight an object can be made almost invisible by simply flooding it with enough light to match the sky, either from within or by bathing light on the exterior. Lights can be switched off and on causing the craft to appear and disappear as by magic. My wife and I happened to see six lights moving in unison over Marlton, NJ. I gave chase in my car reaching speeds of 60 mph. It out distanced us flying towards Philadelphia. It was dusk and an overcast day, we could clearly see the lights but no structure. The lights were either flying formation in a roughly triangle shape or they were attached to an object that neither of us could see. I have tried to determine the technology to hide an aircraft. Additionally, this craft would need to hide from the prying eyes of satellites and enemy fighters. Flying slow and low changing its colors to match the terrain below it, the craft would appear virtually invisible from above. During night time operations it could use small lights to look like stars. However, the Aereon at night is often are described using three very bright spotlights, shinning down on the ground. Often a large red light is also described either in the nose or the center of the craft. This may be a device to pump hot air into the craft similar to what is used on hot air balloons. During peace time night operations the greatest danger to this craft would come from mid-air collisions. Consequently, the bright lights are used to avoid collision but also to appear from out of this world.
If a Third World War should break out in Europe, most long range radars would be destroyed in the initial minutes of the war. Lockheed Martin Corporation and others have designed this type of equipment for use on Aegis Class destroyers and cruisers. The Aereon may have been designed to carry this relatively large and bulky equipment. To accomplish this task a different type of aircraft was needed. Generally Airborne Warning and Control aircraft have a limited 250 mile range radar. With rapidly increased fighter and bomber air speeds, a moveable very long range radar was needed for increased survivability, surveillance and to control defense applications. Additionally, solid-state Radar was needed for detection and tracking of tactical ballistic missiles and cueing for defensive missile systems. Additionally, defense is needed against attacking fighters, helicopters and ground fired weapons. New 3-D radars with L-band operating frequency could provide superior detection performance on all types of targets and improved detection in all types of weather. Both a fixed radar site and high flying AWACs aircraft are relatively vulnerable. Communication with satellite data links and air defense units would be needed to control the actual battle. Daylight operation would be the most dangerous to a blimp like aircraft. It could hide among the radar ground clutter or be built of stealth materials that are not easily detected on radar. The craft may be equipped for modern battlefield needs, command flexibility, and reliable detection of rotary wing and fighter threats. A short range air defense system, anti-aircraft missiles and high velocity weapons may be installed for point defense. A sophisticated radar system may be installed to detect, classify, and track distant targets The craft is likely equipped with advanced countermeasures (ECCM). The radar should be able to simultaneously monitor and track more than 20,000 targets. The Aereon because of its size and lift capability provides both mobility and survivability.
UNITED KINGDOM
typical night for the Aereon Lifting Body is to travel around Southeastern England, moving among the three Nuclear Power Stations at Sizewell in Suffolk, Bradwell in Essex and Dungeness Nuclear Power Plant in Kent. These plants are watched closely due to thier importance to the British Electrical power grid and large easily spotted chimneys. During 1996 and 97 there were almost nightly visits to the vicinity of these power plants. This may be accidental due to the fact any craft moving along the Eastern coast would eventually cross near these plants.
British aviation enthusiasts point out that these craft operate near known military bases. It is interesting the Soviets have built a similar blimp like disc shape craft. This craft appears to be some 400 feet in diameter and may be used for carrying large amounts of crude oil. The large number of sightings suggest these craft are man made. It is likely that they operate with NATO forces and may be an upgraded long range Airborne Battlefield Command and Control Center (ABCCC). They may also perform an anti tactical missile role. They seem to operate along the Appalachian Mountains mostly in the northeast and in England.
TR3B
There is likely a hypersonic version operating a speeds above 5 times the speed of sound. The first hard evidence the USAF (or the National Reconnaissance Office) was testing a hypersonic aircraft surfaced in 1990. Strange double-sonic-booms rocked sleeping Californians awake and triggered earth quake detection-equipment. Stealth watchers were quick to catch on and dubbing the booms “skyquakes”. ccording to Jim Mori, a seismologist at the California Institute of Technology, the sonic boom signatures recorded by the 220 seismic sensors, operated by the U.S. Geological Service, emanated from aircraft traveling at high-supersonic speed. Mori also said “Òther frequency and shape of the seismic waves indicated the sonic booms were caused by an aircraft, much smaller than the Space Shuttle, a hypersonic aircraft about the size of an SR-71. At that time the only operational SR-71 was based at Edwards AFB, flown by NASA and was not in the air at the time of the “skyquakes”. On many occasions, the booms came in pairs (minutes apart) suggesting that there was more than one hypersonic aircraft on a test flight at the same time. USGS seismic sensors indicated the craft was over Southern California and into Nevada, on a heading for a landing Groom Lake where much of the Pentagon’s covert technology is tested and based.
Accompanying the skyquakes were multiple sightings of wedged- shaped aircraft all over the United States and abroad. An aircraft with a diamond shaped pattern of lights was seen flying in a formation of F-117s, refueling with a KC-10 tanker over Beale AFB, near Sacramento, California. According to a February 1992 issue of the “Scotsman Sunday Post”, high altitude tests of an American hypersonic aircraft were conducted over the North Atlantic. The mystery aircraft were observed landing at the U.S. Special Forces base at Machrihanish, Scotland. Numerous press reports of loud-roaring- wedge-shaped-aircraft scaring sheep on the Scottish Mull of Kintyre and mysterious fast-moving radar blips speeding above Mach 3 by civilian air traffic controllers in Scotland began filing UK newspapers. In 1989, oil drilling engineer Chris Gibson, an accomplished aircraft observer (having served 12 years with Royal Observer Corp.Õs international aircraft recognition team) witnessed a black- wedge shaped aircraft flying over the North Sea. The aircraft was refueling with a KC-135 tanker and escorted by two F-111 chase planes, reinforcing claims that the aircraft was being based somewhere in the British Isles.
Military insiders say that a project involving a hypersonic reconnaisance aircraft was cancelled in 1993. Other sources say that the project (called Q) became too expensive and considered unfeasible. The Aurora aircraft is said to be in flyable condition (in storage) at the mysterious Groom Lake flight-test facility located inside the Nellis Test Range in Nevada. According to some insiders, one components of the Aurora/Senior Citizen system was not abandoned. A stealthy high-speed reconnaissance drone,
originally launched off the back of “Aurora” (much like the D-21 drone and SR-71 mothership concept) did survive. This is the craft possibly responsible for the strange “donuts-on-a-rope” contrails reported seen over the southwest. In any event, evidence does support that something high-flying and stealthy is still transiting the night skies of the world. The high speed hypersonic Aurora may be an unmanned robotic drone. KC-10 tankers at Mc Guire Air Force Base regularly refuel high performance type aircraft over the Atlantic Ocean.
Triangle preparing to attack in Soviet Draawings
The dissolution of the Soviet Union occurred on December 26, 1991, officially granting self-governing independence to the Republics of the Soviet Union. The following year I met with two Soviet ColoneIs who
Triangle Craft Landed shooting at radar site
claimed the Soviet Union was under attack by triangle craft that were destroying key military facilities through out the country. The Colonels claimed Mikhail Gorbachev had been visited by aliens and threatened the anailation of the Soviet Union if they would not disolve amd remove the threat of nuclear war. President George Herbert Walker Bush senior was in charge and may have set up the historic confrontation. President Bush postponed his university studies, enlisted in the U.S. Navy on his 18th birthday, and became the youngest aviator in the U.S. Navy at the beginning of World War II. He flew am Avenger and was shot down and recoveed to fly another 68 combat missions. He served until September 1945, then attended Yale Univerity. He had later been Director of the Cia and directed a series classified missions. The successful attacks on the Soviet Union were carried out by triangle shaped craft with no markings and brought the Cold War to an end.
North Korea
There has been a sudden change in North Korea’s stance, from bragging they are able to hit the US mainland with a nuclear-tipped ballistic missiles to claiming they are surrendering this capability. In 2017, North Korea under Kim Jong Un overcame technological hurdles to its long quest to build a modern nuclear weapons program, conducting a large underground detonation and test launching at least 17 ballistic missiles. . One or more might be able to reach the US unless knocked down by US antimissile systems. Pyongyang recently said. “Washington was considering a pre-emptive strike against it and the US had moved anti-missile systems, advanced aircraft and ships into the South Korea area.” The U.S.likely started flying high speed triangle aircraft over North Korea. Kim Jong Un’s rogue regime went to China and Russia for support and were basically turned down..
Various bombers were flying along the North Korean border and along the coasts and allegedly their radar was having trouble tracking the B-1 bombers.The US biefed up its forces near the Korean border and likely flew high speed craft over North Korea on fairly routine missions showing Kim Jong Un the US could strike any target at will. Kim Jong Un likely decided peace was better than anilation. He got the world’s attention and President Trump has agreed to meet with him and probably willing to provide finacial help. In rural areas people are poorly fed and undernourished and defections are common.
Kim Jong Un is a basketball fan has a certain fascination with the West and probably wants the best for his people. To help make his decision the North Korea nuclear test site mountain partially collapsed and may be out of action according to a China study under the stress of multiple explosions,.
A controlled explosion in September caused an initial magnitude-6.3 tremor, that is believed to have triggered four more earthquakes over the following weeks. The findings suggest the partial collapse of the mountain that contains the testing tunnels, as well as the risk of radiation leaks, have potentially rendered the site unusable.
The findings could cast doubt on North Korea’s sincerity in announcing last weekend that it would stop testing nuclear weapons. Apparently, playing tough with is what he understands.
In April, B-1Bs flew further north along North Korea’s coast than at any time in the past 17 years. The sortie prompted Pyongyang’s foreign minister to warn that U.S. bombers could be shot down even if they did not enter North Korean airspace.
A satellite image from 13 April 2017 shows North Korea’s Punggye-ri nuclear test site.
Photograph: HO/AFP
U.S. national security adviser H.R. McMaster said at the weekend the possibility of war was “increasing every day.” He said Trump was prepared to take action against North Korea but was working to convince China, Russia and others to do more to press Pyongyang to get it to give up its weapons programs.”
Appaently with U.S. pressure, Kim Jong Un has decided to at least try a more peaceful position. Trump calls Kim ‘very honourable’ and says North Korea wants summit as soon as possible
March UFO Sightings
March 2018saw a total of 640 UFO sightings reported to the Mutual UFO Network, MUFON from around the world.
United States 446,
Canada 66, UK 42, France 11,
Australia 9, Mexico 7,
Brazil and Spain 6.
National UFO Reporting Center by Peter Davenport reports 216 in March
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Filer’s Files #18 -2018 Flying Triangles - PART II
Filer’s Files #18 -2018 Flying Triangles - PART II
UFO Sightings in the United States
Arizona Comet
El Mirage — Was standing out back of our house smoking a cigarette on Feburary 6, 2018, I saw a strange light that wasn’t normal. I called to my husband to come look. We started to take pictures and I recorded a short video of our experience. Shortly after when we tried to show friends they were unable to view anything in the video other than darkness. Upon watching it again we were able to see the object. Thanks to MUFON CMS
California Object
Stockton – I saw a yellowish orange triangle flying very low and completely silent on March 30, 2018. I looked out my window and saw a triangular shaped object flying silently thru the sky from the west moving south east. Moving very fast and did not make a sound. Kind of looked like flames coming out of the top. After about 3 minutes it flashed and than flashed a few more times and than it was gone. Thanks to Peter Davenport www.ufocenter.com
Colorado Lights
Demver — I was watching the news on the morning of April 25, 2018 and at the end of the broadcast they showed a shot of Downtown Denver. The scene is normally without anything in the sky but on April 25th there were two disc like lights in the sky. I contacted the network (Channel 4 CBS) and received a reply that it is a sunspot. I would like you to take a look and tell me what it is. It looks exactly like a UFO to me. Right below where these lights appeared is where the Colorado State Capitol is located. The objects did not move and are visible for about 8-10 seconds until the video ends.. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Florida Lights
Homestead — Object not present in photo one second before then appears. Expand the photo and look at the bottom edge of the large quarter moon.
Visited Coral Castle took still photos noticed object when I arrived home and observed photos. In Third frame not second frame one second beforehand . CMS
Georgia Lights
Atlanta— When I moved to Atlanta in October 2015 my dad visited and then headed back. While he was flying after a storm had ended he spotted a bright object in the sky. He was flying around 30,000 feet and tested his new iPhone 8 on a star. Days later he zoomed in it to realize it wasnt what he thought it was. He sent me the live picture of the UFO and if you see the picture it looks like a castle like ship where the tower like structures were spinning. The red ‘ribbon’ was moving or flying around the ship. My dad was flying around 30,000 feet and it seemed like it was about 35,000 feet above the plane. My dad knows that we’re not alone. I have witnessed many anomalous events as well. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Kansas Disc
Wichita— I had gone to Wichita Kansas with my brother to stay at his girlfriend’s parents home for Thanksgiving on November 24, 2007. I took my son with me. We were sleeping in front of a large sliding glass door that looked out into the backyard to a pond. It was 7:15 AM, I woke up on my back, to see something over the pond. I flipped over real quick, to make sure of what I was seeing. As I looked out the window on my stomach now. I could see an object hovering 10 foot over the pond. It was about 30-40 feet across in the center of the pond. It was a Silver, purplish gray with matt finish. It had rounded edges flat ends with a flat bottom with a round half dome on the top. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Louisiana Triangle
Shreveport — I had gone outside to smoke and looked up and there was this object flying directly overhead on November 3, 2016. It was too slow to be an airplane and made no sound. This thing was huge and had four lights on it. I saw it very well. It was black with white lights on each tip and a red light on the underbelly. It was gone too fast to go back inside to grab a camera as we have woodlands pretty much around us. I have attached a picture I got from the internet. It is what I saw. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Massachusetts Triangle
Northampton –. Noticed an object near local small airport, figured it was a plane, but realized there were no wings. Saw red light and said to my 11 year old here comes a helicopter. So we watched as it was coming closer, until it slightly turned and the Sun brightly reflected off its side and nearly made it invisible. A triangle ufo was the following river upstream
I realized it was a perfect triangle making no sound. Staying at about 600′ above ground, it traveled North filling the Connecticut River, winding as the river does. Seemed to be mapping the river. Thanks to Peter Davenport www.ufocenter.com
New Jersey Sightings
Eatontown — I was driving down the highway, I noticed I very large dark cigar shaped object with no lights hovering, I snapped a pic. I saw a huge cigar shaped object hovering on April 20, 2018.
Weird things have been happening with me, a week before this sighting I really thought they took me. I woke up with bruises all over me on March 30, 2018. I sent those pictures in also. I’ve been feeling things lately. I just feel like they’re following me or watching me. We chased this thing for 20 miles, over the lake. It just vanished. Most nights I can feel them before they come and when I wake up I know they have been here mostly because the power is usually out and I have a horrible headache. I’ve always felt things, ever since I was a little girl but now things seem to be happening at a much faster pace. Thanks to MUFON CMS.
New York Object
Windam — I was with my brother George and his girlfriend Crystal on April 10. 2015. We were visiting a local hot-spot on a summer 80 degree day called Point-Lookout, in East Windham. Its known for its 5 state view, at “The Captains Inn.” What made us notice the object was afterwards once the photo was already taken. Although it is clearly in the picture, there was not a plane, a helicopter, or anything I could possibly think of in the sky that day. I don’t know how to explain it, but it wasn’t anywhere’s but in the photo. I’ve had other experiences but this one is by far the closest proof I’ve ever had. The feeling I got afterwards was extremely intense, looking at the picture. I felt the energy of being watched. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Ohio Lights
North Royalton— On May 1, 2018, I was at home closing my blinds when I looked out and saw a large headlight flying towards my building. It was about 9:30 PM. I recorded it on my cell phone. The huge circular headlight with 5 little lights on the right side of the object. Object flew a straight pattern with the little lights moving around the body of the object. As it flies past strobe lights are seen on the left and right side of the headlight. I was just in awe, as it flew over my building. I heard what sounded like a plane in the distance. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Oklahoma Object
I was outside of my home town watching the sunset as I always do and taking pictures because of the obvious beautyon August 18, 2017, and I always take multiples, but I never noticed this object until a year later, me and my grandpa was talking about my pictures and I started pointing things out, so I started going through all of my pictures and realized how many pictures I have of diffrent entity(s), the object, or whatever it may be is smaller in size,solid black but it looks as if it has two or three possible lights projecting from the object, or maybe just a reflection, it’s hard to observe considering I’m on my mobile phone. There was no motion at all, in a’ll three of the shots I took, it stayed in the same position the entire time. Again it’s been a year sense I took the shots and just now realize it, but I was excited to see these object’s. And Again, sense it’s a year later and I didn’t realize it at the time, I’m not sure what happened to this object. Or the means of what may have happened to it.
Texas Cigar
Houston – I never thought I’d have something to add. Just observed this near Memorial Drive and Shepard on April 29, 1018.
Object was moving north northwest. Was keeping the same elevation and didn’t move like balloons.
Much larger, vertical structure like a floating tower with a pointed tip at the top.
Don’t know what the hell that was. Freaking out a bit.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
Utah Lights
St.George — I was driving home from to Enterprise on Mayl 1, 2018 4, 2018, heading northwest on Highway 18 at 2:45 am. At mile marker 38 I saw two green lights to the southwest as I drove on the lights came closer towards me and were descending from the dark sky. Then as the lights got closer I realized this was a bigger object than I thought and it began hovering next to me. I turned right down my street there were the two green lights again, about 150 yards in front of me and 20 feet above the ground coming at me so I turned my lights off and grabbed my phone. As I snapped two pictures the object just hovered in place for about 15 seconds and red light blinking below the green lights, then it floated away. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Wisconsin Object
Arena— Working a field for planting I did not see the object until I looked at my pictures.
Photo was taken on Mayl 1, 2018
Bird I don’t know. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Worldwide UFO Sightings
Australia Disc
Laxenburg / south of Vien — I was walking through the village with my Canon 70D (100 mm Macro lens).
Made some pictures and went back home on April 28, 2018. After downloading I detected these strange objects on the screen (Adobe Photoshop) .. ! That’s all.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
Canada Object
Gabriola Island — The object was evident in a photograph taken of my brother on Gabriola Island on October 6th 2012. I had taken two photos of my brother standing on a rock with my iPhone 4. The photos were taken in quick succession, no more than 5 seconds apart. In the second photo an object is apparent over the water to the right and just above my brother’s head. It appears to reflect the sun and to be about a mile away or more. The object is not apparent in the first photo taken. Thanks to MUFON CMS
China Lights
Xi’an — 1. Over the sky in Xi’an, China 2. Astigmatism lasts about 20 minutes 3. Constant astigmatism 4. Astigmatism rotates 5. Feeling weird 6. Into the cloud it disappears on April 12, 2018.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
Sweden Objects
Luleå— I was walking towards the bus and randomly looked up in the sky because the sun was shining and there they were 6-8 flying black diamond/triangle shaped objects in a wide line on February 9, 2018. No noise was made by them. Another strange thing was that after I took photos on my smartphone I could still see them in the sky but couldn’t catch them in a video. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Turkey Sphere
The objects passed in four pieces. They were blinking white lights on what appears to be a metallic surface. What appeared as lights may be sun reflecting off shiny surface.
Photo was taken on April 29. 2018. Thanks to MUFON CMS
UK Triangle
Stonehouse— I was up on my roof stargazing on April 19, 2018, when suddenly I noticed a black triangle moving southwest slowly across the sky. It was travelling at a steady commercial aircraft pace. I stargaze frequently but this was unlike anything I have ever seen. The craft was clearly a solid and complete a triangle, It had six white lights around the edge, evenly spaced. The craft kept moving at the same pace until it went beyond my view. Thanks to MUFON CMS
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The truth is out there … and it’s not from another planet. Previously unseen documents reveal how officials at the UK’s Ministry of Defence handled the “UFO mania” of the late 1990s.
In 1997, there was a massive spike in interest around UFOs, fueled by the 50th anniversary of the purported UFO incident in Roswell, New Mexico, and the global popularity of the “X-Files” TV series.
Set against this backdrop, over-worked officials at the Ministry of Defence sought to cut their commitment to investigating UFO reports, the Guardian reports.
The documents were obtained from the MoD by Dr. David Clarke, a principal research fellow at the UK’s Sheffield Hallam University. “The new papers show the UFO desk head in 1997 ‘wanted to get rid of’ an issue they considered a ‘diversion from their main duties,’” Clarke wrote in a blog post. “Within the files civil servants, intelligence officers and military staff debate how the British Government should respond to growing public interest in the phenomena and what they called ‘the media’s obsession with UFOs.’”
The files run to more than 2,500 pages and some of the more sensitive papers, declassified from “secret,” are heavily redacted, according to Clarke. “What has survived the censor’s pen paints a fascinating picture of the arguments that raged behind closed doors in Whitehall around the 50th anniversary of the UFO mystery in 1997,” he wrote.
One RAF Wing Commander, for example, urged caution on shifting focus away from UFOs. “He argued that as MoD had not carried out any study of the UFO data they had collected since the 1970s it was not credible – and also politically risky – to continue to claim UFOs posed no ‘threat to the realm’,” Clarke explained.
In 1996, the MoD commissioned a defense contractor to produce a comprehensive report on UFO sightings, which were carefully described as Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP).
The report, which analyzed a database of sightings between 1987 and 1997, was delivered in 2000. The study duly found that most sightings could be explained by a range of known phenomena, both natural and man-made.
This opened the door for the MoD to start scaling back its UFO-related operations. The DI55 department, which had secretly collected data on potential UFO sightings since 1967, closed at the end of 2000. The MoD’s UFO Desk closed in 2009.
It appears, however, that the writing was already on the wall for the MoD’s UFO operations long before the report was finished. In a document dated April 16, 1998, the report’s author writes: “I am particularly looking ahead to my expected recommendation, that DI55 should no longer be involved in UAP monitoring.”
“It was the end-game,” Clarke told Fox News. “They created a definitive study that would draw a line under their involvement in the subject.”
The academic notes that in 1997 MoD officials were clearly swamped with reports of UFO sightings. At that time, the Ministry even had a UFO hotline that members of the public could call. “The workload on the subject had trebled as a result of what was going on in popular culture,” he said.
The hotline eventually closed in 2009.
“All our historic files which refer to UFOs have either been released, or are in the process of being released to The National Archives,” explained the MoD, in a statement emailed to Fox News. “The MoD continues to have no opinion on the existence, or otherwise, of extra-terrestrial life and does not investigate reported unidentified flying object sightings.”
Open Minds UFO Radio: Martin and Alejandro discuss the latest UFO news, including new information about the Department of Defense UFO project and Bigelow Aerospace, the release of new UK UFO files, and Alejandro’s recent interview with astronaut Scott Kelly.
Scientists Find Mysterious Time Crystals In Children Toys
Scientists Find Mysterious Time Crystals In Children Toys
Ok, so you’d probably ask what the heck are time crystals and what are they doing in kids’ toys?
We’d have to define first what crystals are. Crystals—ordinary crystals—are defined as being a structure made of a homogeneous solid substance having a natural geometrically regular form with symmetrically arranged plane faces.
Crystals—like quartz or even salt—are composed of atoms that are arranged in a fixed grid. These atoms don’t move around. In other words, if we take a look at a diamond, for example, we will find that the atoms are arranged in a repeating pattern through space.
However, in time crystals these laws do not apply.
Atoms inside of Time Crystals tend to oscillate. These atoms have a tendency of spinning in one direction and when exposed to electromagnetic pulses, they switch direction and spin the opposite way.
However, when that same electromagnetic pulse is irregular, this doesn’t change as time crystals seem to be locked into a particular frequency which guards their irregularity.
In other words, the pattern behind time crystals repeats in time.
CURIOUS CRYSTAL A time crystal appears in monoammonium phosphate (shown). The spins of atomic nuclei in the crystal flip at regular intervals when hit with radio waves.
Image Credit: Yale
Time crystals are composed of a bunch of interacting atoms that never ‘settle down’ to thermal equilibrium. They are like really cool rebel crystals.
Also dubbed DTC’s or Discrete Time Crystals, scientists at Yale discovered one made from monoammonium phosphate (MAP) crystals. Thee happen to be the crystals that kids know and love when they get them in toy kitsto grow their own crystals at home. Which is why researchers at Yale were left stumped when they detected them.
Scientists used nuclear magnetic resonance to spot the DTC’s signature in a map crystal that had been intended for an entirely different test.
“We decided to try searching for the DTC signature ourselves,” said physicist Sean Barrett, senior author on two new papers about this discovery.
“Our crystal measurements looked quite striking right off the bat. Our work suggests that the signature of a DTC could be found, in principle, by looking in a children’s crystal growing kit.”
“We realized that just finding the DTC signature didn’t necessarily prove that the system had a quantum memory of how it came to be,” said Yale graduate student Robert Blum, co-author on the studies.
“This spurred us to try a time crystal ‘echo,’ which revealed the hidden coherence, or quantum order, within the system,” added lead study author Jared Rovny, also a Yale graduate student.
“It’s too early to tell what the resolution will be for the current theory of discrete time crystals, but people will be working on this question for at least the next few years,” Barrett said.
Scientists say that one day, time crystals could be used in atomic clocks, gyroscopes, and magnetometers, among other devices.
The Sword Of Goujian, The Weapon That Challenged Time, An Oriental Excalibur
The Sword Of Goujian, The Weapon That Challenged Time, An Oriental Excalibur
Despite having been crafted more than 2,000 years ago, the Goujian sword has a sharp blade, as sharp as the day it was crafted, and shows no signs of tarnish. Such resistance to tarnish rarely seen in artifacts so old.
In 1965 an archaeological expedition fifty tombs belonging to the period of the Springs and Autumns (722 to 481 BC) in China’s Hubei Province, located around 7 kilometers from the ruins of Jinan, capital of the former state of Chu.
In one of those tombs, next to the skeletal remains of a man, researchers discovered an ancient sword whose structure and sharpness had not been altered despite being crafted more than two thousand years ago.
At the archeological site, experts recovered more than 2,000.
The sword, which is currently housed in the Hubei Provincial Museum, was carefully sheltered in a virtually airtight lacquered wooden box.
The sword measures 55.6 cm long and weighs 875 grams.
The sheet is manufactured with an alloy of copper and tin, decorated with blue and turquoise crystals and covered with millenary ideograms.
The hilt of the sword is wrapped in silk moorings while the knob is formed by 11 concentric circles.
Experts in traditional Chinese language eventually analyzed the inscriptions of the sword and translated their symbols.
The researchers concluded that the sword was forged by King Goujian (496 – 465 BC), and called it the Goujian Sword, the ancient weapon that defied time.
The ancient sword was unlike anything experts had seen.
The weapon did not have a single trace of rust, something that experts found hard to believe.
Incredibly, the sword’s blade, despite the time that had gone by, managed to cut the archaeologist’s finger as he tested the sharpness of the sword, upon finding it.
However, in addition to being a weapon that seemed to have been crafted recently, with unprecedented quality, its extremely intricate decoration features turned it into one of the most unique swords ever discovered in China.
The ancient sword is a treasure of ancient Chinese history.
In fact, some scholars even compare the Goujian Sword to the legendary Excalibur, believed to have been the sword of King Arthur.
After careful studies, experts quickly noted that the enigmatic sword belongs to a class of swords known as Jian: straight, double-edged swords, used in China for the last 2,500 years.
These weapons are considered as the oldest swords in China and are closely associated with their rich and plentiful mythology.
In Chinese folklore, this weapon is called the “Knight of the Arms” and is one of the four primary weapons, along with the stick, the spear, and the saber.
Why the sword remains sharp despite the fact that it had been forged more than 2,000 years ago remains a mystery, but experts point to the weapons composition, claiming that it remained in such an impeccable state thanks to the metals with which it was made, which allowed it to stay so well preserved.
Studies have revealed that a high proportion of sulfur and copper sulfide have allowed the sword to remain stainless.
The weapon is made according to a millenarian tradition of Chinese blacksmiths.
Its owner, King Goujian was the ruler of the Kingdom of Yue (present-day northern Zhejiang) near the end of the Spring and Autumn period. Goujian’s reign coincided with arguably the last major conflict of the Spring and Autumn period, the struggle between Wu and Yue, wherein he eventually led his state to victory, annexing the rival. As such, King Goujian is sometimes considered the last of the Five Hegemons.
Ancient, Exiled Asteroid Discovered Beyond Neptune
Ancient, Exiled Asteroid Discovered Beyond Neptune
By Chelsea Gohd, Space.com Staff Writer
Astronomers have spotted a carbon-rich asteroid in the icy region beyond Neptune called the Kuiper Belt — the first such asteroid ever found exiled from the inner solar system.
This asteroid, known as 2004 EW95, likely formed in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter but was soon hurled out into the Kuiper Belt, according to a statement released today (May 9) by the European Southern Observatory (ESO). This ancient, exiled rock from the solar system's primordial days provides unprecedented evidence of what that early time was really like, researchers said in the statement.
The early solar system was far more chaotic than it is today. Theoretical models predict that, during this time, objects were flung from the inner solar system to far-off distant orbits, according to the statement. These theories also dictate that the Kuiper Belt should contain objects like carbon-rich, or C-type, asteroids. [The Asteroid Belt Explained: Space Rocks by the Millions (Infographic)]
An artistic representation of the exiled asteroid 2004 EW95, whose inner solar system origins confirm theories about the system's early days.
Credit: ESO/M. Kornmesser
Previously, objects that originated in the inner solar system have been found far out in the solar system — discoveries that have supported these theoretical models. But although "there have been previous reports of other 'atypical' Kuiper Belt Object spectra" — indicating the objects were made of substances not normally found in the region — none were confirmed to the level of quality of 2004 EW95, Olivier Hainaut, an ESO astronomer who was not part of the team, said in the statement.
This is the first time that a C-type asteroid has been concretely observed as far as the Kuiper Belt, according to the statement. This finding is some of the best evidence thus far of the theorized early solar system activity.
Wesley Fraser, an astronomer at Queen's University Belfast in the U.K., first noticed the asteroid during routine observations with the Hubble Space Telescope. The exiled asteroid was visible because of its unique reflectance spectrum, a pattern of wavelengths of light reflected from an object. Because the spectrum was not typical for objects observed in this region," it looked enough of a weirdo for us to take a closer look," said Tom Seccull, a researcher at Queen's University Belfast and the lead author of a new paper that explains these findings.
Seccull and his team observed 2004 EW95using the X-Shooter and FORS2 spectrographs on the ESO's VeryLarge Telescope (VLT), and despite the sensitivity of these instruments, the team had great difficulty gathering data from the asteroid. "It's like observing a giant mountain of coal against the pitch-black canvas of the night sky,"co-author Thomas Puzia, a researcher at the Institute of Astrophysics at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, said in the statement.
Despite the challenges of studying the dark, faint, moving object, the team was able to extract sufficient data using an advanced data processing technique, according to the statement.
"The discovery of a carbonaceous asteroid in the Kuiper Belt is a key verification of one of the fundamental predictions of dynamical models of the early Solar System," Hainaut said. This finding is a critical step towards better understanding our early solar system, he added.
ERIC DAVIS, PHYSICIST, EXPLAINS WHY SCIENTISTS WON’T DISCUSS THEIR UFO INTERESTS
ERIC DAVIS, PHYSICIST, EXPLAINS WHY SCIENTISTS WON’T DISCUSS THEIR UFO INTERESTS
For a very long time, the scientific community has been wary of studying UFOs, and the scientists themselves hesitate to talk about their beliefs of unexplained aerial phenomena
But that attitude is changing, and many scientists are joining the discussion without fear of ridicule.
“UFOs are real phenomena. They are artificial objects under intelligent control. They’re definitely the craft of a supremely advanced technology,” says physicist Eric Davis, a researcher of light-speed travel.
Davis, a research physicist at the Institute for Advanced Studies in Austin, studies propulsion physics, which he hopes will one day allow humans to travel easily and quickly through our galactic neighborhood.
VIDEO: Eric Davis explains how humans will be able to travel through space at faster-than-light speed.
He’s aware of the public perception — mostly from skeptics and debunkers — that no legitimate scientists would ever touch the subject of UFOs.
“They’re wrong, naive, stubborn, narrow-minded, afraid and fearful. It’s a dirty word and a forbidden topic. Science is about open-minded inquiry. You shouldn’t be laughing off people. You should show more deference and respect to them … Scientists need to get back to using the scientific method to study things that are unknown and unusual, and the UFO subject is one of them.”
Davis is one of several scientists who are presenting their views this weekend on a variety of UFO-related topics at the 2013 MUFON Symposium in Las Vegas.
The physicist, who recently won an award from the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics for his study, “Faster-Than-Light Space Warps, Status and Next Steps,” knows many colleagues who quietly study UFOs.
“There are scientists who are aware of evidence and observational data that is not refutable. It is absolutely corroborated, using forensic techniques and methodology. But they won’t come out and publicize that because they fear it. Not the subject — they fear the backlash from their professional colleagues. The impact on their career might be detrimental and they’d get bad publicity.
“It’s not an acceptable, funded line of research. The National Science Foundation does not accept UFOs as a subject for scientific study.”
It may come as a surprise that many scientists have been interested in UFOs for decades.
For 20 years, astronomer J. Allen Hynek was the U.S. Air Force scientific consultant on UFOs during its famous Project Blue Book UFO study that ended in 1969.
Watch this 1977 video of Hynek talking about astronomers and UFOs.
” Davis believes that the domain for UFO investigations doesn’t really belong in the hands of scientists.
“It’s the domain of military intelligence,” he suggests. “The fact that [unknown] craft are flying around Earth is not a subject for science — it’s a subject for intelligence-gathering, collection and analysis. That’s because UFOs are not a natural phenomenon, and that’s what science studies.”
Breakthrough Listen Launches New Search for E.T. Across Millions of Stars
Breakthrough Listen Launches New Search for E.T. Across Millions of Stars
By Chelsea Gohd, Space.com Staff Writer
The CSIRO Parkes radio telescope will listen for intelligent alien life with the help of new hardware advancements.
Credit: CSIRO
Breakthrough Listen, a $100 million project designed to seek out potential signals from intelligent extraterrestrial life, took a giant leap forward Monday (May 7) with a new campaign to search for life in the cosmos faster than ever before.
Using the Parkes radio telescope in New South Wales, Australia, Breakthrough Listen will scan millions of stars in the Milky Way's galactic plane over the next 60 days. This will allow researchers to survey a greater area of the galaxy more quickly, which will increase their chances of finding signals of interest.
The Parkes telescope (which is operated by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, or CSIRO) has a new "multibeam" receiverwhich uses 13 beams to observe large pieces of sky, Breakthrough Listen representatives said in a statement. [13 Ways to Search for Intelligent Aliens]
An illustration of 'Oumuamua, our solar system's first observed interstellar visitor. Breakthrough Listen was unable to find evidence of extraterrestrial life aboard the rocky traveler.
"With these new capabilities we are scanning our galaxy in unprecedented detail," Parkes project scientist Danny Price of the University of California, Berkeley, said in the statement." By trawling through these huge datasets for signatures of technological civilizations, we hope to uncover evidence that our planet, among the hundreds of billions in our galaxy, is not the only where intelligent life has arisen."
The Breakthrough Listen initiative was started in 2016 by entrepreneur Yuri Milner and astrophysicist Stephen Hawking (who died in March) to use instruments like the Parkes radio telescope to survey the Milky Way's galactic plane, along with nearby galaxies. The initiative's main goal is to find evidence of intelligent, technologically capable life beyond Earth.
Using radio surveys with instruments like Parkes, scientists aim to distinguish between human-made signals and "signals of interest," or signals whose origins could be extraterrestrial.
The new Parkes campaign will continue Breakthrough Listen's search at a whopping 130 gigabits per second — bandwidth that your laptop could only dream about. In addition to increasing the speed and scope of the search, the new multibeam receiverwill also give scientists the ability to better distinguish between signals of interest and human-made signals, such as radio interference from airplanes, cellphones and satellites.
During the new 60-day campaign, the Parkes telescope will spend 1,500 hours listening for extraterrestrial signals. Scientists will then sift through the resulting mountain of data for any true signals.
Most of the signals observed will be human-created radio frequency interference (RFI), or signals from technologies like cellphones, satellites, and airplanes, but scientists are hoping that within this sea of data lie signals of interest, according to Breakthrough Listen.
Researchers are especially interested in locating fast radio bursts (FRBs). These quick and vibrant radio pulses have intrigued scientists for years, as they are both unusual and certainly extragalactic. FRBs have mysterious, far-off origins — the closest observed FRB was 1.6 billion light-years away. There is no evidence of the alien involvement in FRBs, but they do originate from sources with extremely powerful magnetic fields, according to Breakthrough Listen.
Previously unseen documents reveal how officials at the U.K.'s Ministry of Defence handled the 'UFO mania' of the late 1990s.
The truth is out there … and it’s not from another planet. Previously unseen documents reveal how officials at the U.K.’s Ministry of Defence handled the “UFO mania” of the late 1990s.
In 1997, there was massive spike in interest around UFOs, fueled by the 50th anniversary of the purported UFO incident in Roswell, NM. and the global popularity of the “X-Files” TV series.
Set against this backdrop, over-worked officials at the Ministry of Defence sought to cut their commitment to investigating UFO reports, the Guardian reports.
The documents were obtained from the MoD by Dr. David Clarke, a principal research fellow at the U.K’s Sheffield Hallam University. “The new papers show the UFO desk head in 1997 ‘wanted to get rid of’ an issue they considered a ‘diversion from their main duties’,” Clarke wrote in a blog post. “Within the files civil servants, intelligence officers and military staff debate how the British Government should respond to growing public interest in the phenomena and what they called ‘the media’s obsession with UFOs’.”
The UFO documents
(Dr David Clarke/Sheffield Hallam University)
The files run to more than 2,500 pages and some of the more sensitive papers, declassified from “secret,” are heavily redacted, according to Clarke. “What has survived the censor’s pen paints a fascinating picture of the arguments that raged behind closed doors in Whitehall around the 50th anniversary of the UFO mystery in 1997,” he wrote.
One RAF Wing Commander, for example, urged caution on shifting focus away from UFOs. “He argued that as MoD had not carried out any study of the UFO data they had collected since the 1970s it was not credible – and also politically risky – to continue to claim UFOs posed no ‘threat to the realm’,” Clarke explained.
In 1996, the MoD commissioned a defense contractor to produce a comprehensive report on UFO sightings, which were carefully described as Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP).
The report, which analyzed a database of sightings between 1987 and 1997, was delivered in 2000. The study duly found that most sightings could be explained by a range of known phenomena, both natural and man-made.
This opened the door for the MoD to start scaling back its UFO-related operations. The DI55 department, which had secretly collected data on potential UFO sightings since 1967, closed at the end of 2000. The MoD’s UFO Desk closed in 2009.
It appears, however, that the writing was already on the wall for the MoD’s UFO operations long before the report was finished. In a document dated April 16 1998, the report’s author writes: “I am particularly looking ahead to my expected recommendation, that DI55 should no longer be involved in UAP monitoring.”
“It was the end-game,” Clarke told Fox News. “They created a definitive study that would draw a line under their involvement in the subject.”
The academic notes that in 1997 MoD officials were clearly swamped with reports of UFO sightings. At that time, the Ministry even had a UFO hotline that members of the public could call. “The workload on the subject had trebled as a result of what was going on in popular culture,” he said.
“All our historic files which refer to UFOs have either been released, or are in the process of being released to The National Archives,” explained the MoD, in a statement emailed to Fox News. “The MoD continues to have no opinion on the existence, or otherwise, of extra-terrestrial life and does not investigate reported unidentified flying object sightings.”
New research suggests that as great land plates began to shift and move on Earth’s surface, our world became what geologists call a Snowball Earth.
Artist’s concept of a Snowball Earth, via MIT/Space.com.
About 700 million years ago, the Earth is known to have undergone a period of climate change that sent the planet into a deep freeze. The freeze, lasting millions of years, is what geologists now refer to as the Snowball Earth period. Several theories have been proposed to explain what might have triggered this dramatic cool-down, which occurred during a geological era called the Neoproterozoic. A new study suggests that those major climate changes can be linked to one thing: the advent of plate tectonics.
The theory of plate tectonics states that the Earth’s crust and upper mantle – a layer called the lithosphere – is broken into moving pieces, or plates. Today’s scientists measure the movement of these plates and know they move very slowly, about as fast as your fingernails and hair grow. Plate tectonics on Earth – the grinding, slipping and sliding of land plates with respect to each other – produces earthquakes and volcanoes and, over time, great geologic features like mountain ranges.
The study researchers – Robert Stern at the University of Texas/Dallas and Nathaniel Miller of the University of Texas at Austin – said they expect their hypothesis to generate controversy. That’s because geologists usually place the start of plate tectonics at least 3 billion years ago, while their new hypothesis puts the process during the Neoproterozoic, about 542 million to 1 billion years ago.
According to Miller and Stern, there are a variety of traces in the geologic record that could be consistent with plate tectonics not getting started until the Neoproterozoic – around the same time as the era of the Snowball Earth. The researchers examined a suite of published scientific data on the geological activity during the Neoproterozoic and found many links between plate tectonics and a cooling world.
Their study, published in the April 2018 edition of the journal Terra Nova, lists 22 proposed ways plate tectonic activity could have brought about the global cooling that caused the Earth to be covered pole-to-pole with ice. The researchers mention explosive volcanoes cooling the planet by releasing sulfur into the atmosphere; the shifting of the plates changing the planet’s rotational axis; and increased rock weathering pulling CO2 — a greenhouse gas — out of the atmosphere and back into the Earth. Stern said:
This climate crisis could have been caused by a number of proximal causes, but the overall great cause was this revolution in Earth’s tectonic style.
The authors note that the geologic interval preceding the Neoproterozoic shows a lack of geological activity — a feature that has it earned it the nickname the Boring Billion.
In the study, they considered possible non-tectonic reasons for cooling that came from space — in other words, causes that don’t agree with their theory. These range from asteroid impacts to the collapse of ice rings that could have formed around Earth. If these were the cause of Snowball Earth, Stern and Miller’s theory falls apart — but the researchers say there’s not much evidence to support these triggers.
As usual, the authors say, more research is needed to test the link between the dawn of plate tectonics and Snowball Earth. They hope that this research will lead other geoscientists to consider the evidence and test the hypothesis. Stern said:
Revolutions in our field don’t happen often or very easily. You plant ideas and then you go and look for more data that either supports them or refutes them.
During the Snowball Earth phase, our world might have resembled this one, Enceladus, a snow-and-ice-covered moon of Saturn.
Image via NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute.
Bottom line: A new study suggests that the dawn of plate tectonics could have been responsible for Snowball Earth.
Kilauea is one of the world’s most active volcanoes. Here are images and video from its ongoing eruption in Hawaii.
NASA’s Terra satellite acquired this image on May 6, 2018. Massive sulfur dioxide plumes from Kilauea volcano are shown here in yellow and green. A smaller, but thicker, sulfur dioxide gas plume can be seen coming from Kilauea. The prevailing trade winds blow the plumes to the southwest, out over the ocean.
Image via NASA/METI/AIST/Japan Space Systems/Japan ASTER Science Team.
Lava and sulfur dioxide gas are continuing to spew from Kilauea volcano on Hawaii’s Big Island, where flows of lava across a rural neighborhood have caused evacuations. By late Tuesday (May 8, 2018), some 104 acres were covered by lava. Hawaii Civil Defense said that 35 structures — including at least 26 homes — had been destroyed.
A total of 12 volcanic fissures had formed as of late Tuesday. Residents were voicing frustration and anxiety against a backdrop of flowing lava and hazardous fumes.
Videographer Mick Kalber was on the ground in Leilani Estates on May 5, where he told captured the dramatic video above and told this story:
This is a killer video! And may be one of the last ground level shots I’ll be able to get before I have to evacuate … After all the lava drained out of the Pu’u ‘O’o Vent (the main vent of the 35 year long current eruption) last Monday [April 30, 2018], the contents moved down the East rift zone, causing hundreds of earthquakes as far away as Kapoho, some 15 miles downslope. All week, a new eruption had been forecast … cracks appeared on roadways, as the Earth began to swell. And then, on Thursday afternoon [May 3, 2018], Pele (the Volcano Goddess) made her appearance in the lower part of Leilani Estates Subdivision. At first, fountains of lava shot up into the air … but within a few hours, she had settled down into a lava flow that now threatens dozens of nearby homes, and a geothermal power plant just a quarter mile downslope. That flow has now stopped… but several more continue to pop out nearby. I live in the subdivision, and we are continually experiencing rolling earthquakes … it ain’t over till it’s over!
Meanwhile, the video below, also from Mick Kalber, shows the view from the air:
The eruptive activity began on April 30, 2018, when the floor of Kilauea’s crater began to collapse. Earthquakes followed, including one that measured magnitude +6.9, a very strong earthquake. All the while, lava was being pushed into new underground areas that eventually broke through the ground in such areas as the Leilani Estates (population 1,560 at the 2010 census) near the town of Pahoa, Hawaii.
Evacuations in Leilani Estates began on May 4.
The USGS is doing a good job following the volcano on Twitter.
This video of Halema‘uma‘u lava lake from May 7 shows the agitated lake surface caused by intermittent rock falls. On May 6 the lake level was about 220 m (240 yards) below the crater rim and it continues to drop. #KilaueaErupts#usgs#hvo#hawaiianvolcanoobservatory#kilauea
Kilauea is one of the world’s most active volcanoes, and it’s the youngest and southeastern-most volcano on Hawaii’s Big Island. Eruptive activity along the East Rift Zone has been continuous since 1983.
Bottom line: Images from the May 2018 eruption of Kilauea volcano on Hawaii’s Big Island.
Aliens Or Demons? Pentagon And MoD Officials Feared UFOs Were Works Of The Devil
Aliens Or Demons? Pentagon And MoD Officials Feared UFOs Were Works Of The Devil
So are aliens demons? Are UFOs the result of ‘divine’ forces? According to new claims, Pentagon and MoD officials feared UFOs were either ‘demonic’ or sent by God, former UFO researchers reveal.
Researchers who carried out the UFO programs of the Pentagon and the British Ministry of Defense were hampered by alleged religious beliefs.
Demons, not Aliens?
The United States has—or better said had—a mysterious program dedicated to studying UFO sightings, financed with 22 million dollars per year.
Luis Elizondo, a former member of the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP), revealed this information a few months ago. Elizondo has now claimed that several high-ranking officials undermined his work in the belief that unidentified flying objects had a ‘demonic’ or ‘divine’ origin.
The purpose of the so-called Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program was to research and study flying foreign weapon threats. Many of the reports included details of pilots, who encountered a number of unidentified flying objects which were also later confirmed on radar.
UFO’s, a divine technology?
“What we found many times was the fact that the aircraft did not belong to anybody,” Elizondo said.
Sometimes, he added, the flying objects displayed behavior the AATIP team couldn’t explain.
Halfway around the world in the UK, Nick Pope, a former UFO investigator for the United Kingdom’s Ministry of Defense (MoD), has confirmed what Elizondo said.
“I was aware that Pentagon pushback on UFO research was in part due to the religious belief of some of those involved,” he revealed.
“It was an odd irony that UFO investigations were being hampered because some people’s belief in God meant that they either didn’t believe in the existence of extraterrestrial life or that they regarded UFOs and extraterrestrials as demonic.”
It is not surprising that religion often gets in the way of UFO research.
“Religious people often do not believe in the existence of extraterrestrials or characterize them as demons. This seems to be rooted in Satan’s biblical description as “the prince of the power of the air” (Ephesians 2: 2), “he added.
“Luis Elizondo says he opposed the religious beliefs of the top brass ruining their investigations while working for the Pentagon. I can say that I have seen evidence of the same in the MoD, “he concludes.
Not long ago, a spokesman of the Department of Defense within the Pentagon itself confirmed the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program had shut down in 2012. However, the New York Times has exposed that this work may still be operational in some capacity.
SCIENTISTS MAY HAVE DISCOVERED THE FIRST METEORITE FROM MERCURY
SCIENTISTS MAY HAVE DISCOVERED THE FIRST METEORITE FROM MERCURY
When dynamicists run the numbers, it’s at least statistically possible that meteorites should fall to Earth from all over the inner solar system — even from Mercury.
So, spurred by the Messenger orbiter’s close scrutiny of Mercury’s surface, the hunt has been on to find meteorites from the innermost planet. All previous candidates (called angrites and aubrites) are close but imperfect matches to the unique composition found by Messenger on Mercury’s surface: dark igneous rock enriched in magnesium but virtually free of iron.
Now, finally, they might have one in hand.
Weighing just a bit more than 100 g, this is the largest fragment of the meteorite NWA 7325. Note the amazing light-green color of its fusion crust — one of many characteristics hinting that it might be from the planet Mercury. The cube at right is 1 cm square. Click here for a larger view. Stefan Ralew / sr-meteorites.de
The new Moroccan find is now officially known as Northwest Africa 7325. Ralew sent samples to the laboratory of Anthony Irving (University of Washington), well known for his expertise with unusual meteorites from the Moon, Mars, and elsewhere.Last April, German meteorite dealer Stefan Ralew bought a clutch of 35 small meteorites that had been found a few months earlier in the Moroccan desert. The fragments from a single fall totaled about 12 ounces (354 g). Right away he could see that they were unusual: Their fusion crust, created by flash heating while decelerating in Earth’s atmosphere, was greenish. This was especially evident in the largest, golfball-size piece, weighing just over 100 g. “Green and glassy fusion crusts are known from a few lunar meteorites,” Ralew explains, “but they all don´t have an extreme color as this one.”
The stones’ interiors are full of relatively large and obvious crystals, suggesting that the magma from which they solidified had cooled slowly. The stunning emerald-green color comes from a silicate mineral called diopside that’s infused with chromium. Irving and his team found lots of magnesium and calcium in the suite of silicate minerals, but even more important is what they didn’t find: there’s virtually no iron.
Irving, who’ll present his team’s findings at a planetary-science conference next month, is trying to keep his enthusiasm in check. “NWA 7325 is tantalizing, and certainly more consistent with the Messenger results than either angrites or aubrites,” he explains, “but we need a [spacecraft-returned sample] for ‘ground truth’.”
A polished cut surface of the meteorite NWA 7325 reveals green crystals of the silicate mineral diopside (colored by chromium ions). This meteorite contains abundant magnesium and calcium yet almost no iron — hallmarks of what geochemists believe rocks from Mercury should be like. The cube is 1cm tall. Click here for a larger view. Stefan Ralew / sr-meteorites.de
Shoshana Weider (Carnegie Institution of Washington), who’s spent years studying Messenger’s spectra of Mercury, likewise offers a cautionary note. The planet’s surface seems to be rich in the silicate mineral enstatite, which is not obvious in NWA 7325. Also, there shouldn’t be so much calcium. To explain these discrepancies, she and Irving agree that meteorite might have been a deeply buried rock — well below the surface — before a powerful collision sent it flying off into interplanetary space.
There are still many unknowns about these weirdly green space rocks. Tests are under way to determine how long ago they crystallized and how long they were exposed to cosmic rays as they drifted in space before reaching Earth.
One way to zero in on planetary paternity would be to see if NWA 7325 exhibits remanent magnetism. After all, Mercury has a robust magnetic field that would have been imprinted on any rock as it crystallized. (That said, possible complications might arise from the shock-heating these rocks experienced as they were being ejected into space, or from the strong magnets that Moroccan nomads use when searching for meteorites in the desert.)
A second approach would be to see if the meteorite’s ratios of three magnesium isotopes match what Messenger’s gamma-ray spectrometer is seeing on Mercury. It’s a challenging observation, explains Patrick Peplowski (Applied Physics Laboratory), because the GRS has a magnesium housing. “There does exist the potential to detect different magnesium isotopes, but I expect that the errors on any resulting isotopic ratios would be at the ~5% level,” Peplowski says. “I suspect that this is larger than would be needed to compare to NWA 7325, but I’m not sure.”
(One problem with using magnesium isotopes is that their ratios don’t vary much from place to place in the solar system.)
Finally, researchers could melt one of the NWA 7325 stones and then let it cool and recrystallize under controlled conditions, to see how closely the result mimics Mercury’s surface composition. “A lot of scientists will want to get their hands on this,” Weider notes.
However, anyone wanting a piece big enough to melt down will likely have to get in line. So far Ralew has donated less than 1 ounce of NWA 7325 for scientific analysis, and he’s got the rest. It’s not inconceivable that bits of this unique find could fetch $5,000 per gram on the sometimes-frenzied meteorite market. For now, at least, he’s holding off offering any of it for sale, to give researchers the chance to run the entire gamut of analytical tests.
“If this rock isn’t from Mercury, it’s still amazing,” Irving notes. It’s from a planet, he says — we just need to figure out which one.
ESO/M. KornmesserEen artistieke impressie van de ruimterots 2004 EW95.
WETENSCHAPAan de koude rand van ons zonnestelsel is een bijzonder rotsblok gevonden. De asteroïde is in de beginjaren van ons zonnestelsel gevormd tussen de planeten Mars en Jupiter. Daarna werd hij miljarden kilometers weggeslingerd. Het is de eerste keer dat het bestaan van zo’n soort ruimterots is aangetoond. De rots is een goed voorbeeld van een overblijfsel van onze vroege zonnestelsel.
De rots heeft de wetenschappelijke naam 2004 EW95. Hij staat in de zogeheten Kuipergordel, een verzameling steen- en ijsblokken nog voorbij de planeet Neptunus. Die gordel is vernoemd naar de Nederlandse astronoom Gerard Kuiper. Eigenlijk hoort 2004 EW95 in de Kuipergordel helemaal niet thuis, het rotsblok is de enige koolstofrijke planetoïde in de omgeving.
Het kan dan ook niet anders dat het blok in de planetoïdengordel tussen Mars en Jupiter is ontstaan in de kolkende beginjaren van ons zonnestelsel, en daarna miljarden kilometers is weggeslingerd. Dat gebeurde waarschijnlijk door de zwaartekracht van een rondzwervende planeet.
2004 EW95 is 300 kilometer groot, maar toch is hij heel moeilijk te zien: het oppervlak is pikzwart en hij staat op ongeveer 4 miljard kilometer afstand van de aarde. Hij was al in 2004 ontdekt, maar nu is het pas gelukt om hem goed te bestuderen. De samenstelling van de steen bracht zijn afkomst aan het licht.
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VIDEO: Volgens legende liep dit UFO-dorp 40 jaar geleden leeg na reeks zelfmoorden en geestverschijningen. Nu ziet het er pas echt spookachtig uit - HLN.be
VIDEO: Volgens legende liep dit UFO-dorp 40 jaar geleden leeg na reeks zelfmoorden en geestverschijningen. Nu ziet het er pas echt spookachtig uit - HLN.be
Het is geen plaats waar je spontaan vrolijk van wordt, tenzij je van vliegende schotels en verval houdt. San-Zhi in Taiwan is een echt spookdorp geworden nadat de architecturale curiositeit in de jaren tachtig plots verlaten werd. Volgens plaatselijke legendes na een vreemde reeks zelfmoorden en geestverschijningen. Aanleiding genoeg voor enkele Nederlands-Vlaamse urban explorers om erheen te trekken. En dit zijn de beelden waarmee ze terugkwamen.
De bijzondere huisjes werden 40 jaar geleden gebouwd en moesten eigenlijk dienen als luxueuze strandhuisjes met uitzicht op de Oost-Chinese Zee. Ze werden gebouwd door de Finse architect Matti Suuronen in opdracht van een zakenman, die bemiddelde toeristen wilde aantrekken. Toeristen die op zoeken waren naar zon, zee en… een beetje scifi.
Maar toen de jaren tachtig aanbraken, liep het dorpje langzaam leeg. Als gevolg van het extreme weer aan de kust, de dreigende oliecrisis en een gebrek aan investeerders. Maar lokale legendes maakten volgens Liao Minghua van het vlakbijgelegen tourismecentrum van Yehliu ook gewag van een “vreemde reeks zelfmoorden” en geestverschijningen, die de bouwvakkers wegjaagden.
Wat er ook van aan zij, de verhalen droegen bij tot het mysterieuze karakter van het futuristische dorp, waarvan de verlaten resten nu vooral in trek zijn bij avonturiers. De Nederlandse urban explorer Bob Thissen trok er ook heen met zijn team en maakte er beelden. En er bleken in enkele van de huisjes toch nog mensen te wonen. Het volledige filmpje van hun avontuur vind je op het YouTubekanaal van Thissen. Daar zijn ook beelden te zien van andere expedities die hij ondernam, onder meer naar Fukushima en een verlaten loods met Russische ruimteschepen in Baikonur.
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Beware ‘Demonic' Aliens: UFO Probes in US, UK Hampered by Religious Fears
Beware ‘Demonic' Aliens: UFO Probes in US, UK Hampered by Religious Fears
Though it was officially announced in 2012 that the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP), a secret US Defense Intelligence Agency program that studied UFOs, was shuttered over budget pressures, it has since been revealed that its closure had more to do with senior officials and their religious beliefs.
Speaking with Las Vegas Now on Friday, Luis Elizondo, a former intelligence officer with knowledge on the matter, explained that senior officials pushed back on the secret program over concerns that the study would become an embarrassment for the department and because it conflicted with their religious beliefs.
Elizondo, who previously spoke out about the five-year-old program to the New York Times in December 2017, stressed that though the government's funding ended in 2012, the study continues as officials from the US Navy and the CIA offered resources to further the program. It is speculated that the program is still active, just through private funding.
"There were other folks related to our efforts," Elizondo told Las Vegas Now. "It is a confederated approach so you had folks in the Navy, in DIA [the Defence Intelligence Agency], in pockets here and there. We worked collectively."
But Elizondo isn't the only official spilling the beans on secret government programs investigating UFOs.
Nick Pope, a former UFO investigator with the UK's Ministry of Defense, told the Metro UK that he, too, encountered pushback.
"I was aware that Pentagon pushback on UFO research was in part due to the religious belief of some of those involved," Pope told the outlet. "It was an odd irony that UFO investigations were being hampered because some people's belief in God meant that they either didn't believe in the existence of extraterrestrial life or that they regarded UFOs and extraterrestrials as demonic."
"The fact that some people regard UFOs as demonic seems to have its roots in the biblical description of Satan as being ‘the prince of the power of the air' from Ephesians 2:2. Luis Elizondo says that he came up against religious pushback from senior staff when he ran the Pentagon's UFO program and I saw some evidence of this at the MoD too," Pope added.
Prior to the Metro UK's revelation Tuesday, the Guardian published an article Sunday showing that talks were going on inside the Ministry of Defense regarding the UK's UFO investigations dating back to the late 1990s.
Messages obtained by the publication stated that investigations should focus "on the possible threat to the UK [from foreign hostile powers] and technology acquisition" rather than "X-Files activities such as alien abductions."
Another memo goes on to add that inquiries "shouldn't be driven by a UFO thesis."
David Clarke, a research fellow at Sheffield Hallam University who obtained the files from the ministry following a freedom of information request, told The Guardian that UK officials have only "encouraged conspiracy theorists through their own paranoia."
"They always say that the public gets the wrong idea about UFOs, but they've actually encouraged that themselves by destroying the files," Clarke said, noting that the UK government had destroyed files they'd collected on the topic of UFOs over the years.
After deciding that staff could be better used elsewhere, The Guardian reported that the Ministry of Defense closed its UFO desk in 2009. This was the same reason that US officials cited when revealing that their official investigation into UFOs had concluded.
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‘Duivelse’ aliens? Hoe het onderzoek naar UFO’s en buitenaardsen zwaar wordt belemmerd door religieuze angst
‘Duivelse’ aliens? Hoe het onderzoek naar UFO’s en buitenaardsen zwaar wordt belemmerd door religieuze angst
Officieel werd het UFO-onderzoek van de Amerikaanse overheid in 2012 beëindigd wegens budgettaire druk, maar nu blijkt dat dit vooral te maken had met de religieuze overtuigingen van hooggeplaatste functionarissen.
Luis Elizondo, de man die jarenlang aan het hoofd stond van het geheime UFO-onderzoek van het Pentagon, onthulde in een gesprek met Las Vegas Now dat de functionarissen het onderzoek dwarsboomden omdat het in strijd was met hun religieuze overtuigingen.
Ook Nick Pope, die voor het Britse ministerie van Defensie onderzoek deed naar UFO’s, werd naar eigen zeggen tegengewerkt.
Duivels
“Het is ironisch dat UFO-onderzoeken worden belemmerd omdat sommige mensen die in God geloofden niets moesten hebben van buitenaards leven of UFO’s en buitenaardsen zagen als iets duivels,” zei hij tegen de Britse krant Metro.
Zowel Elizondo als Pope werden door hooggeplaatste ambtenaren tegengewerkt omwille van religieuze overtuigingen.
Allesbehalve objectief
The Guardian publiceerde deze week een artikel waaruit blijkt dat een Britse overheidsstudie naar buitenaards leven allesbehalve object gebeurde.
Sterker nog: het doel was vanaf het begin om het ministerie van Defensie vrij te spreken van onderzoeken naar waarnemingen van vliegende schotels.
Het ministerie vernietigde uiteindelijk de documenten waarop het rapport gebaseerd was, wat het vuur voor complottheorieën alleen maar aanwakkerde.
(Natural News) Telling the truth about a scandal that hasn’t been approved by the legacy media and their owners often yields a predictable result: You’ll be labeled a conspiracy theorist — even when there is plenty of evidence to support the truth. Comfortable lies may help some people sleep at night, but the truth is that many supposed “conspiracy theories” are actually real, and are supported by science. Who would have thought? Here are five truths that are widely misrepresented as conspiracy theories, and the evidence which supports them:
1. Atrazine disrupts, damages the endocrine system
Atrazine is on the fast-track to becoming one of the most widely used pesticides in the United States. And because of this, there is a high amount of it in groundwater. It is consistently detected in public water supplies — which in and of itself is really quite concerning. But when the profound potential for this toxic chemical to spur endocrine disruption is taken into account, atrazine becomes downright frightening.
Research led by Dr. Tyrone Hayes, a scientist from the University of California at Berkeley, has shown that in frogs, atrazine is capable of causing lasting endocrine damage. In males, the disruption to endocrine function can be so severe that it results in chemical castration. In one study, Hayes exposed 40 tadpoles to water tainted with atrazine, at a concentration of 2.5 parts per billion — well within the EPA’s allotment for drinking water.
Nearly one-tenth of the tadpoles that were reared in the atrazine-laden water became “functionally female,” according to Hayes. Despite reportedly being born male, they ended up producing eggs.
And as sources report, “After being exposed to atrazine, many of the 36 male-presenting frogs reportedly showed decreased testosterone, reduced breeding gland size, poor laryngeal development, suppressed mating behavior, and reduced fertility. Similar effects have been seen in other amphibious creatures.”
Studies from Purdue University and other esteemed research teams have found similar results regarding atrazine’s potential to disrupt the endocrine system — even at amounts regarded by federal agencies as “safe.” Indeed, it would seem they are emphatically notsafe. Perhaps that’s why Europe banned atrazine. So, why is it still used in the U.S.?
2. Cellphones cause brain tumors
Is this really that far-fetched? That cellphones produce radiation is well established at this point — as is radiation’s connection to cancer. It’s often reported that because cellphones produce a different type of radiation (compared to say, nuclear radiation), it poses no health risk. But numerous scientific studies have said otherwise. Indeed, the risk of cellphone use is widely under-reported.
Recently, research again implicated cellphones as a player in the cancer-causing game: This time, mobile devices were linked to brain and heart tumors. In a study of rats, exposure to radio frequency radiation produced by cellphones led to the onset of a few different types of cancer — including rare Schwann cell tumors in the brain and heart.
At a 2016 conference, one doctor bravely declared that the potential for cellphones to cause cancer was obvious. “The weight of the evidence is clear: Cell phones do cause brain cancer,” stated Dr. Devra Davis, president of the Environmental Health Trust. Children are particularly susceptible to the woes of cellphones, and Davis contended further that pregnant women should be especially careful about their cellphone use and storage. “Keep the phone away from the abdomen — especially toward the end of pregnancy,” she cautioned.
There have been multiple warnings about the threat of cancer posed by cellphones, but many refuse to acknowledge the science that backs it up.
3. Chemtrails and geoengineering are real
Mentioning the word “chemtrails” is a great way to earn the scorn of mainstream media pundits and their ilk. But a quick search of the term “geoengineering” yields a number of results — including a Geoengineering program at University of Oxford. The program page notes that stratospheric aerosols (more commonly known as chemtrails) are one tool of choice in the geoengineering industry.
There are many reports on the facts about geoengineering efforts. While there are many facets to the geoengineering scheme, chemtrails have long been one of the most easily visible tactics — and also the most denied. According to the U.S. government’s own records, aerosol spraying efforts have been underway for decades. Even NASA has reportedly admitted to spraying lithium into the atmosphere. And in 2017, an EPA scientist was fired for sounding the alarm on the dangers of spraying aluminum into the atmosphere.
These efforts may be an attempt at controlling the climate — but as many have warned, geoengineering may come with a hefty price.
The mass fluoridation of the American people is probably one of the greatest shams of all time. First and foremost, there is no evidence to support the claim that fluoride consumption prevents cavities. Fluoride is not an essential nutrient (quite the opposite, really) and it is not necessary for human health in any way, shape or form.
But it’s not just “nonessential,” this compound is actually quite dangerous to human health — especially when it comes to the health of your brain. Nearly 60 studies have reported a link between fluoride consumption and a reduction in IQ.
Water fluoridation has also been linked other health problems, like bone loss, cancer, and negative effects on the immune system, thyroid and pineal gland. Many have likened the fluoridation of public water supplies to mass medication, especially given fluoride’s link to lower IQs in children and other neurological impairments. Even research from Harvard University has shown this potential for harm.
There is no shortage of reasons to end water fluoridation, but mainstream media and their keepers surely don’t want you to know about that.
5. Vaccines contain mercury, aborted fetal cells and other hazardous ingredients
Last but certainly not least is perhaps the most widely contested truth of all: Vaccines are a veritable cocktail of unsavory ingredients. From thimerosal in flu shots to aluminum adjuvants to human diploid cells from fetal tissue, there’s no shortage of things to be disgusted with when it comes to vaccines — or the vaccine industry’s propaganda, for that matter.
Despite media attempts at misinforming the public, the FDA admits that some vaccines still contain thimerosal as a preservative — and some vaccine-makers still use thimerosal as part of their “manufacturing process.”
As the FDA itself notes, thimerosal is 50 percent mercury by weight — and a thimerosal-containing vaccine will deliver a 25-microgram dose of mercury to its recipients that are over the age of three. Children under three get a half-dose, which means they’re still being injected with over 12 micrograms of mercury. This may not sound like a lot, but as Trace Amounts explains — that is more than enough to do harm. A child would have to weigh 550 pounds to safely withstand a 25-microgram dose of mercury. Mercury is a toxic heavy metal with no currently identified safe level of exposure. It does not belong in any vaccine, whether it’s being labeled as “preservative” or a “manufacturing process” agent.
Mike Adams, founder of Natural News and Director of CWC Labs, has repeatedly broken stories about the presence of other detestable vaccine ingredients. In 2017, the Health Ranger revealed that the chicken pox vaccine was made with human embryonic lung cell cultures and human diploid cell cultures, among other crazy things like guinea pig cells — information he pulled from the CDC’s own website.
Sadly, the list of scandalous ingredients in vaccines doesn’t end there; there are many parts to a vaccine cocktail, and none of them sound like anything you’d want injected into your body.
Learn more about the truth behind so-called conspiracy theories at Conspiracy.news.
Vijf zogenaamde complottheorieën die worden ondersteund door wetenschappelijk bewijs
Vijf zogenaamde complottheorieën die worden ondersteund door wetenschappelijk bewijs
Veel vermeende ‘complottheorieën’ worden ondersteund door wetenschappelijk bewijs. We noemen er vijf.
1. Atrazine kan de hormoonhuishouding verstoren
Atrazine is één van de meest gebruikte onkruidbestrijdingsmiddelen ter wereld. In de Europese Unie is het middel verboden, maar in de VS is het gewoon toegestaan.
Dr. Tyrone Hayes van de Universiteit van Californië – Berkeley heeft laten zien dat atrazine de hormoonhuishouding kan verstoren.
Hij stelde 40 kikkers bloot aan water met atrazine en hoewel ze waren geboren als mannetjes, werden het vrouwtjes en begonnen ze eitjes te produceren.
Ook onderzoek van de Purdue University heeft aangetoond dat ‘veilige’ hoeveelheden atrazine de hormoonhuishouding al verstoren.
2. Mobiele telefoons veroorzaken hersentumoren
Verschillende studies hebben inmiddels aangetoond dat de straling van mobiele telefoons kan leiden tot hersentumoren.
“Het bewijs is duidelijk: mobieltjes veroorzaken hersenkanker,” zei dr. Devra Davis tijdens een bijeenkomst in 2016.
Ze waarschuwde dat vooral zwangere vrouwen moeten oppassen. “Houd de telefoon bij je buik vandaan, vooral tegen het einde van de zwangerschap.”
3. Chemtrails zijn echt
De Oxford-universiteit heeft een heus ‘Geoengineering Programme’ dat gericht is op het sproeien van aerosolen in de atmosfeer (beter bekend als chemtrails).
Uit Amerikaanse overheidsdocumenten blijkt dat dit al decennialang gebeurt.
In 2017 werd een wetenschapper van de Amerikaanse milieubeschermingsdienst EPA ontslagen omdat hij de noodklok had geluid over de gevaren van het sproeien van aluminium in de atmosfeer.
4. Fluoride is een neurotoxine
In een aantal landen wordt nog altijd fluoride toegevoegd aan het drinkwater. Er zijn inmiddels bijna 60 studies die laten zien dat de consumptie van fluoride leidt tot een lager IQ.
Fluoridering is ook gelinkt aan andere gezondheidsproblemen, zoals kanker en negatieve effecten op het immuunsysteem, de pijnappelklier en de schildklier.
5. Vaccins bevatten kwik, weefsel van geaborteerde baby’s en andere schadelijke ingrediënten
De Amerikaanse medicijnwaakhond FDA erkent dat in sommige vaccins nog steeds het kwikbevattende thiomersal zit.
Het gaat in de meeste gevallen om een dosis van 25 microgram. Dit lijkt weinig, maar volgens Trace Amounts is deze hoeveelheid al voldoende om schade toe te brengen.
Mike Adams, oprichter van Natural News, ontdekte vorig jaar dat het waterpokkenvaccin werd gemaakt van onder meer longcellen van menselijke embryo’s.
Hij ontdekte verder dat vaccins bestemd voor mensen niercellen van de groene meerkat bevatten.
As someone who has worked in radio and as a writer, the passing this spring of two legends in those fields is a time for respect and reflection. Last month, the paranormal world lost broadcaster Art Bell and today we learned of the passing of prolific paranormal author Brad Steiger.
Brad E Steiger
February 19, 1936 - May 6, 2018
Obituary for Brad E Steiger
Brad Steiger, 82, of Mason City, IA, died Sunday, May 6, 2018, at the Muse Norris Hospice Inpatient Unit. A private family gathering will take place at a later date.
To send flowers or a remembrance gift to the family of Brad E Steiger, please visit our Tribute Store.
“The Strange World of Brad Steiger” (a syndicated newspaper column he wrote in the early 1970s) began in Fort Dodge, Iowa, on February 19, 1936. Born Eugene E. Olson, he was a typical Iowa farm boy until August of 1947 when a severe farm equipment accident gave him a near-death experience that altered the directions of his religion, his career ambitions and his life. While he recovered physically, everything else seemed to have changed. In an interview with the Des Moines Register, Steiger gave an example:
“Among my earliest memories are the man and the woman who would walk into my bedroom at night and stand at my bedside, looking down at me.”
He believed that couple was his great-grandparents who had lived in the house.
Steiger left the farm after college to teach English at a high school and then journalism and creative writing at Luther College, his alma mater. Fortunately for the world, he wrote in his spare time and a published biography of silent movie star Rudolph Valentino and his interest in the paranormal drew him into the field and led to his first book contracts, starting with Ghosts, Ghouls and Other Peculiar People, published in 1965. When he quit teaching to write full-time, a woman gave him his pen name, which she said meant “to one who guides others to higher awareness” (possibly from the Dutch meaning of ‘steiger’ which is ‘scaffolding’). Steiger always believed that he was one to be guided as well.
“We are all spiritual beings. The paranormal is just part of the world we all share but do not fully comprehend.”
One area where he needed no guidance was writing. In his long career he penned over 2,000 articles on paranormal subjects and authored or co-authored over 175 books, both fiction and non-fiction, which have sold 17 million copies. Everyone’s list of Steiger favorites will be different, but they’re sure to include such popular titles as “Mysteries of Time and Space”, “Real Ghosts, Restless Spirits and Haunted Places”, “Conspiracies and Secret Societies: The Complete Dossier”, “Project Bluebook”, “The Rainbow Conspiracy” and many more. Don’t forget “The Source: Journey Through the Unexplained,”which he co-authored with none other than Art Bell, and “Four-legged Miracles: Heartwarming Tales of Lost Dogs’ Journeys Home” which he wrote with his second wife and spiritual companion, Sherry Hansen Steiger.
With his many books and articles and accompanying appearances on paranormal radio shows and podcasts, Steiger attracted countless fans, widespread admiration and, of course, some criticism. That comes with the territory when the territory includes Atlantis, giant humans, ancient aliens and numerous other controversial paranormal topics that Brad wrote and talked about.
Brad Steiger will surely be missed by Sherry, their two sons, three daughters, and ten grandchildren. His passing will leave a hole in our bookshelves and on the schedules of paranormal podcasters worldwide. The best way to honor his life and contributions to the field is to continue to read his books … and remember:
“We are all spiritual beings. The paranormal is just part of the world we all share but do not fully comprehend.”
It’s no surprise that the United States Air Force is up to some pretty secretive stuff. Area 51, for example, is an Air Force-run facility and detachment of Edwards Air Force Base in nearby southern California. It’s public knowledge that the USAF tests some of its most secretive and cutting-edge technologies in Nevada’s Groom Lake and the Nevada Test Site, but little information about what goes on at these bases is actually made public. Still, there are some tidbits of information available to the public if you look in the right places. The military units which operate at these top-secret bases, for example, don’t always hide the fact that they’re up to some weird stuff out in the desert.
This week, Tyler Rogoway’s military technology blog The War Zone shared pictures of the official challenge coin of the USAF’s 72d Test and Evaluation Squadron Detachment Two, and the coin seems to imply that the unit revels in the fact its testing ground is steeped in UFO, alien, and otherwise spooky lore. The bizarre challenge coin, which can be seen here, is a collage of odd symbols, cryptic imagery, and mysterious slogans all of which point to the fact that this unit is up to some seriously shadowy work in the Nevada desert. What exactly was this unit trying to depict with the coin?
Challenge coins.
Challenge coins are small tokens of appreciation or commemoration issued by units of the military and often traded among service members. The most prominent aspect of this strange coin is a large B-2 bomber spanning the entire width of one of its faces. The 72nd Test and Evaluation Squadron Detachment Two is charged with testing and evaluating the B-2 Spirit aircraft, more commonly referred to as the Stealth Bomber. It’s believed that this single-wing aircraft is responsible for many “flying saucer” sightings due to its flat profile and near-silent operation. Surrounding the bomber is the unit’s cloud and lightning bolt insignia and a series of strange unknown symbols believed to depict antenna arrays at Area 51. The edge of the face contains the US Post Office’s motto of “neither snow nor rain nor heat nor gloom of night stays these couriers from the swift completion of their appointed rounds.”
B-2 Spirit, otherwise known as ‘hot death from above.’
The coin’s other face bears the motto ‘Denego, Decipio, Depopulor,’ Latin for “Deny, Deceive, Destroy,” and depicts the Las Vegas skyline with a cryptic map-looking image beneath it. The meaning of this image is unknown, but it appears to depict some sort of tunnel system, road map, or other similar structure. Superimposed on this image is a typical grey alien which appears to be scratching its head in disbelief as a B-2 flies over Las Vegas as a lightning bolt striking the ground before it. It’s a truly disconcerting image, and I encourage you to visit The War Zone to check it out and read Rogoway’s analysis of the coin and the history of the unit behind it.
Is this coin merely a tongue-in-cheek reference to the otherwordly folklore surrounding the USAF’s bases like Area 51, or might this coin be a way of hiding knowledge of higher mysteries in plain sight? What would be the gain in that, other than to laugh at us mortals down here in the dark? Like all things with these top secret units, we’ll likely never know.
Having extensively written about the “Contactee”/”Space Brothers” issue in my 2006 book, On the Trail of the Saucer Spies, and in my 2009 book, Contactees, I quite often get asked what I think about the likes of George Adamski, Dana Howard, Truman Bethurum, Orfeo Angelucci, and the many others who, in the 1950s, claimed face-to-face contact with long-haired aliens from other worlds. I think some of them had legitimate experiences with...something (but definitely not with space-hippies from Venus). Others may have been the victims of early “mind-control” operations. Some were definitely engaged in hoaxing. Others were just plain nuts. But, there is one Contactee-linked affair that I get asked about at least a couple of times a year – an affair that is highly entertaining, but for reasons you might not think. It’s a story of how two men hoaxed George Adamski and created something that still circulates among his followers. Well, among at least some of them.
It all began back in 1957 and involved a pair of friends who decided to play a prank on Adamski – which they did. But, it had unforeseen circumstances. That aforementioned pair of friends were Jim Moseley and Gray Barker. Moseley, who died in 2012, is mostly noted for his highly amusing newsletter, Saucer Smear and his 2002 book, Shockingly Close to the Truth, co-written with Karl Pflock, which is hilarious. As for the late Gray Barker, he’s noted for having written the first book on the Men in Black (1956’s They Knew Too Much About Flying Saucers), as well as the first book on Mothman (The Silver Bridge, which was published in 1970). Both men were notorious pranksters. Barker was someone who played fast and loose with facts – particularly so in his books. And Moseley, at times, would go along with Barker’s escapades. All of which brings us to the matter of what went down one night in 1957, and of what became known as the Straith Letter.
At the time, Barker had a friend who, back in the 1950s, was in his late teens. It turns out that the kid’s father worked for the U.S. Government, specifically in an office of the Department of State. Barker and the unnamed teenager got talking one day and the kid brought up the fact that he had seen a bunch of unused Department of State-headed paperwork in his father’s office. This gave Barker an idea: he asked his friend if he could get his hands on some of that same letter-headed paperwork. So, the next time the kid visited his father’s office, he quietly and quickly grabbed a bunch of DoS documents and stealthily got them to Barker. He even provided Barker with Department of State envelopes. It wasn’t at all long before the Barker-Moseley caper began.
On one drunken night in Clarksburg, West Virginia – where Barker lived – the two cooked up a plot to hoax Adamski, then the most famous Contactee on the planet. And, having got not photocopies of Department of State-headed paper, but originals, made their plan even easier to con Adamski. Barker started to type. The pair decided they would create a completely fictitious employee of the Department of State. They called him “R.E. Straith,” of the “Cultural Affairs Committee.” In the letter, the actually-non-existent Straith tells Adamski that he – Straith – and several of his colleagues are right behind Adamski, but cannot publicly provide support for him and his claims of contact with aliens, because of their jobs in the government. And then, Barker and Moseley mailed the letter to Adamski – in one of those Department of State envelopes. Of course, Adamski loved it. Whether he believed the letter to be the real deal, or if he suspected it was a hoax, is a matter we’ll never likely know. But, for Adamski, it didn’t really matter: this was just what he needed to show to his followers (and his critics too) that he had government support. Which he didn’t. Then, things got a bit worrying for Barker. Not so much for Moseley though, who thought it was all great fun.
It turns out that Adamski began showing the faked letter to various people in Ufology, and waving it around at lectures. Not only that, a copy of the Straith Letter reached the FBI (maybe even from Adamski himself, who enjoyed mixing things up to his advantage). The G-Men were, unsurprisingly, far from impressed. They quite rightly suspected a hoax and told him to quit all of his foolishness. When word of all this got to Barker, he totally freaked out – and to the point that he actually broke the typewriter into small pieces and, one day, buried the bits and pieces in the fresh cement of a building then being constructed in Clarksburg. Of course, the “cement story” may have been yet another of Barker’s jokes, adding even more layers to the legend. But, we know for sure that Barker wasdeeply worried by the fact that the FBI were now onto a matter than began as a late-night prank put together by a couple of booze-soaked buddies. Barker was even grilled by the FBI, but it came to nothing. Barker never revealed the name of the kid who got the Department of State paperwork – at least, not publicly. He certainly shared the name with Moseley, though, who took it with him to the grave (his name, however, was James Villard). The FBI eventually dropped the matter.
The reason why I mention all of this, is because just last week I was asked about the Straith Letter – yet again – and by someone convinced that it was (and still is) the real deal. It’s not! The Straith Letter is the product of two people who liked to screw with the collective minds of Ufology for their own entertainment. And, in this case, they excelled themselves. Far too many people – whose “I want to believe” approach to Ufology has affected their common-sense – see the letter as something notable. But, let’s be clear: it’s a joke. It was alwaysa joke. And it always will be a joke. Case closed? I dunno. I wouldn’t be at all surprised if – in the not too distant future – someone else resurrects the letter and waves it around as evidence that the U.S. Government was secretly supporting George Adamski.
We often forget how mysterious our moon is. Maybe it’s due to seeing it every night, just hanging out in the sky, predictably waxing and waning. Of all the celestial bodies in our solar system, the moon is probably taken for granted the most. That’s too bad, because the moon is weird, and scientists are making new discoveries about our dear Luna all the time. The latest is that the moon is likely hiding huge amounts of ice under her dusty surface, which could be mined and used as crucial supplies for space exploration and colonization missions.
The discovery was made after analyzing a lunar meteor that fell in the African desert 13 years ago, according to Space.com. Scientists discovered that the meteor fell from the moon containing large amounts of moganite, a mineral close in structure to quartz but which is only formed in the presence of alkaline fluids like water. Specifically, it’s formed in the evaporation of water. Masahiro Kayama, a scientist at Tohoku University in Japan who led the team that made the discovery, believes that this moganite formed when water in the surface dust of the moon was evaporated by the harsh rays of the sun, and says that there is likely more water below the surface:
In a moganite, there is less water, because moganite forms from the evaporation of water. That’s the case on the surface of the moon. But in the subsurface, much water remains as ice, because it’s protected from the sunlight.
There may be large amounts of water ice beneath the moon’s dusty surface.
Kayama says that the concentration of moganite in the lunar meteor suggests that the subsurface of the moon may be made of as much as 0.6 percent water, meaning that extraction could yield 6 liters of water for every cubic meter processed. While that pales in comparison to the amount of water on Earth, it could be enough that future colonists on the moon wouldn’t need to rely on water from Earth to survive. It could also be used to supply missions to Mars and beyond, and hydrogen could be extracted for rocket fuel. Kayama says:
We wouldn’t need to bring all the water for drinking and the fuel to return to Earth or to travel to Mars, for example, with us from Earth. If water is abundant in the lunar subsurface, we can easily use it.
We may be able to mine the Moon for water as well as hydrogen and helium, facilitating space travel.
While this is the first sign of ice in the lunar soil, we’ve already detected water on the moon. NASA’s Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite found water near the Moon’s south pole, and India’s Chandrayaan-1 found traces of water in the thin atmosphere surrounding the moon. Perhaps water is far more abundant in our solar system and galaxy-at-large than we’ve always assumed.
Rare footage of disappearing moon filmed from the International Space Station
Rare footage of disappearing moon filmed from the International Space Station
Russian cosmonaut Oleg Artemyev posted a video of a disappearing moon on Saturday. He filmed the interesting natural phenomenon, called a moonset, from the International Space Station (ISS).
Watching the footage it looks really odd, the moon appears to be distorted and turns completely blue.
Newest Crops Circle Found In Wiltshire, UK On May 2018, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Newest Crops Circle Found In Wiltshire, UK On May 2018, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Location of discovery: Willoughby Hedge, Nr Mere, Wiltshire, UK Date of discovery: May 2018 Here is an drones view of a crop formation found in Wiltshire, UK this week. Inside the circle is a six pointed object. On the edge of the circle are four round patches, possibly planets. Inside the circle are one patch that could be a planet and and an location where there should be a round patch but has nothing there. It has been long believed that crop formations are messages sent from aliens who cannot travel here themselves. Also some say these are the landing marks of the UFOs. Scott C. Waring
This Alien World Is the 1st Cloudless Exoplanet Ever Discovered
This Alien World Is the 1st Cloudless Exoplanet Ever Discovered
By Chelsea Gohd, Space.com Staff Writer
In a first, an international team of scientists has discovered an exoplanet with no clouds.
The team, led by Nikolay Nikolov, an astronomer at the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom, detected this hot gas giant, known as WASP-96b, using the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope in Chile. The team determined the atmospheric makeup of the exoplanet by studying it as it passed in front of its host star and measuring how the planet and its atmosphere affected light from the star.
A planet's atmospheric makeup influences the light that scientists can measure as it passes by its host star. This creates a spectrum, which is like a unique fingerprint. Typically, clouds obscure the light released by a planet and affect the spectrum that researchers can study from Earth,according to a statementreleased yesterday (May 7) by the University of Exeter. [The Biggest Mysteries of Saturn]
This is an artistic visualization of the exoplanet WASP-96b, which appears blue.
Credit: Engine House
But for WASP-96b, an extremely clear signature for the element sodium was observed. Because clouds typically obscure such signatures, the clarity of this spectrum suggested that the planet's atmosphere has no clouds at all. With its his is the first evidence of an entirely cloudless planet and the first time a planet with such a clear sodium signature has been found, the researchers said.With its uniquely clear signature, WASP-96b is the first-ever cloudless planet discovered. Being the first of its kind, the exoplanet is now considered "a benchmark for characterization," Nikolov said in the statement.
WASP-96b's sodium fingerprint is a clear, "tent-like" shape unobstructed by clouds.
Credit: N. Nikolov/E. de Mooij
This characterizing spectrum appears in the shape of a camping tent. This uncommon and easy-to-identify shape had never been seen before "because the characteristic 'tent-shaped' profile can only be produced deep in the atmosphere," Nikolov said. He added that for most planets, clouds get in the way, making this shape difficult to discern.
Aside from having an unusually cloudless, sodium-rich atmosphere, WASP-96b is extremely hot, at 1,300 kelvins (1,900 degrees Fahrenheit, or 1,000 degrees Celsius), and extremely large — 20 percent larger than Jupiter. The planet's mass is similar to Saturn's, so researchers classify the alien world as a "hot Saturn."
In addition, the sodium levels in WASP-96b's atmosphere are similar to those found throughout our solar system. Sodium is the seventh most abundant element in the universe, and for a long time, scientists have thought that large gas giants had sodium-rich atmospheres, according to the statement. But until now, such clear evidence to support this idea has not existed, so the observance of WASP-96b solidifies scientists' understanding of gas giants.
Because of WASP-96b's cloudless skies, studying the exoplanet will provide researchers with a "unique opportunity to determine the abundances of other molecules, such as water, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, with future observations," Ernst de Mooij,a researcher at Dublin City University and a co-author of a new study describing the findings, said in the statement.
So, by identifying the signatures of other molecules using telescopes like Hubble and the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope, scientists can gain a better understanding of planets both within and outside our solar system, the researchers said.
On 'One Strange Rock,' How Terraforming Makes Our Planet Even Stranger
On 'One Strange Rock,' How Terraforming Makes Our Planet Even Stranger
By Hanneke Weitering, Space.com Staff Writer
On many beaches in the Maldives, more than 70 percent of the sand is parrotfish poop.
Credit: National Geographic
Scientists and science-fiction writers have long entertained the idea of "terraforming" Mars to make it habitable for humans. But to see examples of terraforming in real life, we need not look any farther than the very soil on which we stand.
Not only have humans been terraforming Earth for thousands of years by building civilizations, but just about every organism that has lived here over the last 4 billion years has helped shape our planet into what it is today — for better or for worse.
From trees to fungi to fish, the creatures of Earth have had an extraordinary impact on our planet's geology in ways that may surprise you. In a new episode of "One Strange Rock," astronauts will explain how life gave Earth some of its most distinct features. [Photos: Amazing Images of Earth from Space]
The new documentary series by National Geographic tells the story of Earth from the perspectives of astronauts who have seen it from space (and Will Smith, who hosts the show). When looking back at our planet from orbit, astronauts gain a new appreciation for the impact life has had on oceans, the atmosphere and even the creation of continents, retired NASA astronaut Mike Massimino explains on tonight's (May 7) episode.
"What you see are changes in the Earth that took place over sometimes millions of years or longer," Massimino says in the show. "I think life, no matter what form it is — whether it's a simple form like [a] lichen or an animal or a more complicated form of life like us — whatever level that life-form takes, it is going to change its planet. it might just take a while to do it."
Lichens are plant-like organisms (made up of fungi and algae) that may look innocuous, but without them, Earth's land would never have split up into continents. By breaking down rock with their fungal filaments, lichens release microscopic particles into the ocean. These particles can trap little bits of water, and "over time this locked-up water is pulled deep inside the earth, where it helps mantle rock melt and flow more easily," leading to volcanic eruptions, Massimino says. "The amazing thing is that all this lava means new land is formed that wouldn't be there otherwise. Life helps create the land."
While lichens terraform Earth over long periods of time, other species can have a much more immediate impact. Humans are one obvious example, with our cities, dams and other types of infrastructure that we can build in only a matter of months. But other creatures terraform Earth in more unexpected ways. Take the parrotfish, for example. Over the course of one year, a single parrotfish eats enough coral to excrete 1 ton of sand. For example, the white sand beaches like those around Hawaii are almost entirely made up of "sand that came out of the wrong end of a fish," Smith says in the show.
In orbit, astronauts can see the white sand beaches, the diatoms that turn ocean waters into varying shades of blue, and the city lights that show the extent of human civilization. Although the cities are gorgeous seen from space, not all of humanity's changes to our planet are a pleasant sight. "When you're floating above the Earth, you see many different examples of how our desire for natural resources is changing the planet — and not always in a good way," Massimino says in the show. Mining in particular "leaves a blight on the surface of the planet, and it's ghastly sometimes to see," adds NASA astronaut Leland Melvin.
Find out more about how humans and other forms of life have changed our planet, and see some amazing views of our terraformed Earth from space by tuning in to "One Strange Rock" on the National Geographic Channel tonight (May 7) at 10 p.m. EDT/PDT (9 p.m. CDT).
Email Hanneke Weitering at hweitering@space.com or follow her @hannekescience.
Disappearing Moon Filmed By Astronauts Aboard The ISS
Disappearing Moon Filmed By Astronauts Aboard The ISS
What better way to observe the moon than while orbiting our planet?
Astronauts on board the International Space Station have one of the best views not only of Earth but Earth’s faithful companion the moon as well.
Now, a recent video has emerged showing the moon like many of us have never seen it before.
Russian Cosmonaut OlegArtemyev has managed to film a uniquevideo of Earth’s moon “vanishing” mysteriously behind the Earth during moonset, while in low orbit around Earth.
Oleg Germanovich Artemyev is a Russian Cosmonaut for the Russian Federal Space Agency. He was selected as part of the RKKE-15 Cosmonaut group in 2003.
He was a Flight engineer of Expedition 39and 40 to the International Space Station, and in 2018 he returned to space as the Commander of Soyuz MS-08.
Artemyev was a crew member in the 15-day and 105-day precursor studies of the MARS-500 program between 2007 and 2009.
The short video filmed by the Russian cosmonaut was published on a number of social networks around the globe and provides a fresh, unique, and extraordinary perspective of Earth’s satellite.
“The Moon is setting. It’s like the heartbeat,” Artemyev says while filming the rapidly moving satellite. “Now a little more and it will reach the atmosphere.”
This doesn’t mean there’s a mystery to it. In the video filmed by Artemyev, we can observe the moon gently touching our planet’s atmosphere as it ‘vanishes’ without actually reaching its edge.
This strange disappearing moon phenomenon can only be witnessed while in low orbit around Earth.
According to Artemyev, the video speed of the moon was not altered and actually represents the real-time speed of the moon, as seen from the International Space Station.
The moon seems to travel very fast because the International Space Station itself travels at a staggering 7.66 kilometers per second.
The Russian cosmonaut has filmed a number of stunning videos and images from the International Space Station.
This video below, for example, is the @SpaceX#Dragon CRS-14 cargo ship after undocking from the International Space Station.
The below image was filmed by Atemyev as the International Space Station was just above Dubai.
If you were to choose the soundtrack for a robot explorer landing on Mars, what piece of music would you choose? Maybe something epic, like Gustav Holst's "Mars, the Bringer of War." Maybe something more science-fictiony, like David Bowie's "Space Oddity." Well, as apropo as either of those choices would be, the next rover to touch down on the Red Planet might best be suited by "Flight of the Bumblebee."
Bee, Two, One, Blast Off!
They're still working out the kinks, but this solution that NASA has just decided to start funding could make exploring Mars a lot faster and cheaper — not to mention give us more opportunities for Oprah GIFs. The Marsbee program (yes, it's really called that) involve a swarm of bee-sized flying robots. They'd all pack into a rover, which they'd treat as their mobile hive. While it rolls along the ground, the swarm takes flight, covering a much broader area than anything on wheels.
Once deployed, a Marsbee will start gathering data on its environment using teeny-tiny, yet sophisticated sensors. Its chief concern will be the atmosphere — these bees are searching for traces of methane. Previously, the gas had been detected by the Curiosity rover, and scientists are eager to see if they can find more since it could be a sign of Martian life. Regardless of whether the Marsbee finds the gas it's looking for, it'll end each long day of searching with a return to the rover in order to recharge its batteries.
Marsbees are being developed by two teams, one from the University of Alabama in Huntsville and one based out of Japan. The American team will develop a mathematical model for flapping-wing flight in the Martian environment, while the Japanese team will draw on its previous success with Earth-based, hummingbird-like fliers to build and test Marsbees in a controlled environment. And great news: those controlled environments can be found all over the world since the tiny mass of the robots makes them testable even in relatively small facilities.
The Bee's Needs
When engineers make drones to fly on the planet Earth, they usually use rotary wings like the ones on a helicopter. When honeybees fly on Earth, they do it by flapping their tiny, 1-centimeter (o.4-inch) wings up and down. These honeybee-sized robots, however, will fly on flapping wings about the size of a cicada's (roughly 1 inch or 3 centimeters), which would let them take flight even in the thin atmosphere of Mars. But even with those extra-large wings, the robo-bugs will only be able to achieve lift-off on the Red Planet thanks to the fact that it has much lower gravity than the Earth.
Big wings make sense in a thin atmosphere, but why do they have to flap? If rotary wings work so well on Earth, then why not rely on them on other planets? Helicopter-style flight does allow for greater control, but the Marsbees' flexible wings each feature an energy-storing spring to reduce their overall power consumption. As an added bonus of the compact, energy-friendly design, the Marsbees will be able to adapt to the tasks at hand by using their battery power entirely on their reconfigurable sensor systems. Overall, this cyber-hive could turn out to be the key to our next steps into the solar system.
Our sun is still in its glory years at the ripe age of 4.5 billion years. In about 10 billion years, the sun’s core will lose massive amounts of hydrogen and helium, turning it into a red giant star. At least that’s what we all learned in middle school, right? Apparently, that doesn’t tell the whole story.
A new study published on Monday in Nature Astronomy gives more detail to previously existing ideas about what’ll happen once our sun dies. According the research, our sun will become a ghostly ring of expanding gas known as a planetary nebula.
“When a star dies it ejects a mass of gas and dust — known as its envelope — into space,” Professor Albert Zijlstra of the University of Manchester explains in a statement. “The envelope can be as much as half the star’s mass. This reveals the star’s core, which by this point in the star’s life is running out of fuel, eventually turning off and before finally dying.”
Planetary Nebula Abell 39
By developing a new kind of stellar data model, the team tried to plot out the sun’s final act. The model predicts the brightness of our sun’s planetary nebula based on the age and luminosity of other stars’ gaseous envelopes. Though scientists had long assumed that our sun wasn’t massive enough to form a planetary nebula, the team showed it is in fact a possibility.
The team’s models show that stars like our sun, although lower in mass compared to many others, can get really hot very quickly, even as it dies. This would mean that our sun could still eject gasses and dust to make a visible planetary nebula.
“We found that stars with mass less than 1.1 times the mass of the sun produce fainter nebula, and stars more massive than 3 solar masses brighter nebulae, but for the rest the predicted brightness is very close to what had been observed,” Zijlstra adds.
Could this settle the long-standing debate around our sun’s death? Not exactly, I mean, it’s just one study. That said, at least we have some compelling ideas about what’ll happen to our favorite sun when it’s finally time for it to die — it could become a ghost.
Breakthrough Listen Project Begins Massive Survey To Search For Aliens In Our Galaxy
Breakthrough Listen Project Begins Massive Survey To Search For Aliens In Our Galaxy
We could soon find out whether or not there is intelligent alienlife in our galaxy.
In recent decades, the idea that life exists elsewhere in our galaxy has aroused the interests of astronomers around the globe.
The Milky Way has a diameter between 100,000 and 180,000 light-years and experts estimate that it contains up to 400 Million stars. According to calculation, astronomers further estimate that our galaxy alone contains some 100 billion planets.
This is just one SMALL part of the massive 9-gigapixel image. Image credit ESO.
Image Illustration: Prometheus movie.
If we take a look at a larger picture, we’ll find that there are around500 billion galaxies in the known universe, which means there are around 50,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 (5×1022) habitable planets.
Now, the Breakthrough Listen Project has launched a massive survey to search for signs of intelligent alien life in the universe.
Astronomers plan to use the Parkes Radio Telescope in New South Wales in order to comb through millions of stars in our galaxy, looking for signs, more precisely signals, of intelligent alien civilizations.
According to reports, a recent upgrade on the telescope will allow astronomers to record unprecedented data over huge areas of the sky.
The Parkes Radio Telescope in New South Wales was recently equipped with 13 brand new beams, which means the Parkes telescope has the ability to cover ALL of the galactic plane visible from New South Wales in Australia.
It is one of the most massive searches for intelligent life ever done. Thanks to the upgrade of the Parkes Telescope, the Breakthrough Listen project will be able to handle 130 gigabits of data per second. Furthermore, each of the 13 beams will scan more than 100 million radio channels.
As noted by astrobiology.com, the new survey commits the Parkes telescope to 1500 hours of observations in 2018, resulting in raw data volumes totaling almost 100 petabytes.
Feeling small yet?
Danny Price, Parkes Project Scientist with the Breakthrough Listen project at UC Berkeley, explained that “With these new capabilities, we are scanning our galaxy in unprecedented detail.”
“By trawling through these huge datasets for signatures of technological civilizations, we hope to uncover evidence that our planet, among the hundreds of billions in our galaxy, is not the only where intelligent life has arisen,” added Price.
However, the Breakthrough listen project will also have the ability to peak into the Milky Way’s Galactic center, one of the densest areas in our galaxy, and home to a number of massive black holes.
The raw details of the search:
– Total observing time: 1500 hours – Galactic Plane survey: galactic longitude -174 degrees to +60 degrees, and galactic latitudes of 6.5 degrees above and below the plane (total area 3000 square degrees, or the equivalent of 15,000 full moons) – Galactic Bulge: +/- 12 degrees in Galactic latitude and longitude – Other targets including nearby dwarf galaxies, the Magellanic Clouds – Frequencies covered: 1.23 – 1.53 GHz – Sensitivity (5-minute integration, 3 Hz bandwidth): 420 mJy (8 sigmas) – Sensitivity to a transmitter at the distance of the Galactic Center: 4 x 1014 W equivalent isotropic radiated power (8 sigmas) – 20 times the power of the Arecibo radar
So, what do you think? Will the new project finally find traces of advanced alien civilizations in the Milky Way?
Has NASA Just Accidentally Exposed Life On Mars? UFO Hunters Claims Spark Online Debate
Has NASA Just Accidentally Exposed Life On Mars? UFO Hunters Claims Spark Online Debate
Has NASA just accidentally revealed there is in fact alien life on Mars? Claims made by UFO hunters have sent the internet into a heated debate about an image snapped by NASA’s Curiosity rover.
The Bizarre footage, which has recently emerged on various Social Networks claims that NASA is HIDING traces of life on Mars.
A Video uploaded to YouTube by ArtAlienTV shows the alleged evidence which was photographed on January 20, 2018, on the surface of the red planet.
This image was taken by Front Hazcam: Left B (FHAZ_LEFT_B) onboard NASA’s Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 1940 (2018-01-20 14:57:11 UTC).
Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
The image reveals an eerie Martian landscape and something ‘flying’ in the sky.
The miniature object, according to UFO hunters, represents some sort of alien bird.
“What looks like a UFO on Mars in Gale Crater. It is probably quite small and close to the rover but it is hard to tell. It may be some windblown debris of some sort but seems to have symmetry and an almost insect-like appearance. Rocks don’t fly. An open mind is required when viewing images from other planets. One day our very survival may depend on it,” wrote the uploader in the video’s description.
The narrator of the video explains that the object seen by NASA’s Curiosity rover cannot be something on the lens, as following images taken by Curiosity do not show the object anymore.
Some even claim that the image wasn’t actually taken on Mars, but that the image was snapped on Earth, suggesting that NASA never made it to Mars.
The video, images and theories surrounding the bizarre claims have created a heated online debate, resulting in different comments and opinions.
One user wrote Wow that is awesome – absolutely crazy, and another one added: “Woah, what the Hell.”
Other users suggested that the enigmatic object may have been a meteor that was caught burning up in the thin Martian atmosphere: “It could have been a little meteorite that hit the upper layer of the atmosphere. That would mean that they briefly light up brightly and leave a splash/static charge in the atmosphere, as this one but only for a very short period,” commented Star Zone.
In the past, numerous wild claims have been made about Mars. Many videos have surfaced on YouTube (and still continue to do so) showing what uploaders hail as the ultimate evidence of alien life on Mars.
However, many of these videos can easily be explained as Pareidolia— a psychological phenomenon in which the mind responds to a stimulus, usually an image or a sound, by perceiving a familiar pattern where none exists. Common examples are perceived images of animals, faces, or objects in cloud formations, the Man in the Moon, the Moon rabbit, etc.
On the other hand, a very few images are spot on and really do make you wonder if there is a slight possibility that in the distant past, perhaps millions of years ago, there was intelligent alien life on Mars, as some scientists have suggested in the past.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
Scientists Want To Bring Dinosaurs And Neanderthals Back To Life
Scientists Want To Bring Dinosaurs And Neanderthals Back To Life
Remember that not long ago, scientists said they wanted to clone Mammoths? Well apparently, Mammoths aren’t really that interesting, and as experts say, we could bring back dinosaurs and Neanderthals back to life.
Speaking to Big Think, Dr. Michio Kaku, professor of theoretical physics at the City College of New York, asks what if we could bring back Neanderthals back to life, or a dinosaur, using only their genomes?
Do we have that sort of technology? Technically we could, but the idea of doing so raises a number of problems, the biggest one being Bioethics: is it ethical to clone a Neanderthal? Is it inhumane? And should we even attempt it?
According to Dr. George Church, a geneticist, and director of Harvard University’s Church Labs thinks that not only can we clone a Neanderthal, we can do so in our lifetime.
However, Dr. Church isn’t saying we should attempt cloning a Neanderthal right away, but he does encourage the scientific community should discuss the matter.
Dr. Church believes that with current stem cell technology and our completed sequence of the Neanderthal genome, we are equipped with all the necessary prerequisites to successfully clone a Neanderthal.
The idea of cloning a Neanderthal dates back to 2013, when Dr. Church said it could be possible. Back then, Arthur Caplan, a bioethicist at the NYU Center for Bioethics said that cloning a Neanderthal “lurches too close to exploitation. It rubs up too closely as starting to turn into bringing somebody into existence just as an object of other people’s interest.”
Neanderthals became extinct tens of thousands of years ago. Cloning one of them could kickstart a never-before-seen era on Earth, where science and medicine would break free of ethical constraints.
And if we actually manage to clone a Neanderthal—not saying we should—what about trying to clone a living creature that existed on Earth some 65 million years ago? What about trying to clone a dinosaur?
I know what you are thinking: Jurassic Park in real life.
Dr. Kaku believes that successfully cloning a Dinosaur is going to be a really difficult project, not nearly as complicated as cloning a Neanderthal or a Mammoth. However, he notes, that doesn’t mean it is impossible.
According to Dr. Kaku, we need to create a genetic sequence in order to clone dinosaurs. This could be achieved using a supercomputer. According to Dr. Kaku, proteins discovered in the soft tissues of dinosaur femurs resemble those of chickens, frogs, and reptiles, and confirm they are somehow related.
If we manage to produce a genetic sequence, we could then create the necessary prerequisites to clone Dinosaurs though epigenetics.
We’ve got the necessary tools, but should we do it?
When you think about cloning dinosaurs and mammoths there aren’t really that many ethical questions in the way.
However, when it comes down to cloning living human beings, Neanderthals, a lot of issues pop up, the biggest one being how ethical it would be.
Dr. Kaku asks a number of really important questions regarding the cloning of a Neanderthal.
What would society do after bringing a Neanderthal child to life: Should he or she be placed in captivity like some kind of zoo animal? Would they face a lifetime of study? What if the Neanderthal is naturally aggressive — should it be drugged or confined at all times?
Many scientists would agree that attempting to clone a Neanderthal is too inhumane, and we should not even attempt it.
An alien child asking father if there is life on Earth?
DO ALIENS EXIST?
Yes, they do.
No! I mean they don’t.
Aww! What am I saying? Do aliens exist or do they not? Well, that’s the question I’m going to answer from my knowledge in the next few minutes.
First of all, let’s see what we know about aliens. According to the Pocket Oxford Dictionary, an alien typically means a “being from another world”. And then you know the rest. Green body, large black eyes (sometimes white), evil little green men, and so on. But in fact, do aliens really exist? And if they do, how exactly do they look like? My answer: Yes, they do exist. And as for what they look like, I’ll leave that to your own imagination.
So going forward with our topic, science believes that aliens do not in fact exist. But for some conspiracy theorists, they claim that not only do aliens exist, but they have also been visiting Earth since the ancient past. The conspiracy theorists believe that when aliens do arrive Earth, they are usually held captive by the united states and held in “Area 51”. If you’ve watched the movie “Race to Witch Mountain”, starred by Johnson Dwayne, that movie is a very typical example of many people’s belief about the existence of aliens. Another movie that centers around aliens is the movie series “Roswell”. It also talks about aliens visiting Earth and the government trying to cover it up by trying to hold the alien guys captive. “Men in Black” is also another good example of alien movie. The aliens visit Earth, but this organization of Men in Black has their duty in ensuring the general public do not know about their existence, let alone their visits. They are sort of the alien police force. There are hundreds, if not thousands, of other movies and books too that centers about the existence of aliens and sometimes their visiting our planet Earth. Yet science tells us that it simply is not possible for aliens to exist. One, they say, Earth is the only planet that has enough of both the two important elements which life needs before it can thrive, which are water and oxygen. And two, we’ve been searching since eternity and yet haven’t found any traces of them anywhere.
ANSWER THE QUESTION!
But I’m not here to talk about movies or books. I’m rather going to answer the question of whether aliens exist or not. Like I have said above: yes, they do exist and the following are my reasons for saying that.
Science tells us that only water and oxygen can support life, both of which can be found abundantly on Earth only. I agree with the second part of them being found on Earth only (if we’re talking about our own solar system alone, that is). However, let me point out a possible flaw in this theory of science. The Universe contains a very large number of Galaxies. So large that even physicists and cosmologists do not have an exact idea of how many they are and therefore put the approximate value at around 100 billion galaxies (according to Hubble), a number which they say is still likely to increase to about 200 billion as “telescope technology in space improves”. Looking at this fact, let us consider how many of these galaxies have been studied thoroughly. A very infinitesimal number I’d say.
Two Galaxies
Still, in our own Milky Way galaxy alone, there are about 200 billion stars present, our sun inclusive, and judging by this, if we say that only about 10% of these stars have their own solar systems (that is, planets revolving around them), that should put us to about 20 billion solar systems. And now let’s just imagine that each of these solar systems contain only a single planet (not minding the fact that our own solar system contains 9, or eight? planets), that should give us an estimated value of 20 billion planets in our own Milky Way galaxy alone. Just imagine that! 20 billion planets. That is 200,000,000,000! If we have “only” 200 billion planets in our own galaxy, then how slim is the chance that at least another one of all these planets, apart from Earth, have the right combination of all the necessary requirements to sustain life? But that’s not all. If we go back to our calculations above about the number of galaxies we have, which we say is 100 billion, then imagine again that each of these galaxies also has approximately 20 billion solar systems too, multiply that by the possible number of solar systems in the possible number of stars we have, we should be having around 2,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 planets. That’s two sextillion planets! And it’s just a very rough estimate.
Now again. What is the probability that not another one of these planets apart from Earth contains life? How come none of them will have the water and oxygen in abundance enough for life to thrive there? I’d say the probability of that is about really, really slim.
Second reason: On Earth, and according to science, before life can exist, two things have to be present and abundant, and they have been mentioned above: water and oxygen. But what if that is the situation for ONLY Earth? What if in another planet in another solar system, they DO NOT need water, or oxygen, before life can exist? Here on Earth, it has been discovered that some animals actually do exist in conditions of no oxygen. Read about it here. If this was discovered in our own home, then what about out there? There is the very real possibility that it is only on our own planet that life needs oxygen and water. It is possible that life on other planets need maybe methane to survive. What if it was actually hydrogen that some species on some other planets need to survive? Considering the fact that here on Earth, we are carbon based life forms and we need oxygen to survive, then maybe, just maybe, on some other planets, they are phosphorus based, or chlorine based, or fluorine based (just check your periodic table). If we look at this from this viewpoint, then we are bound to accept the fact that there may very possibly be life on other planets too. Intelligent life too, at that!
The third reason is rather simple. What if the only reason we have not discovered life on other worlds is simply because we’re not looking in the right places? It may be that we have been seeing alien life all around us, but have only been too blind to see it.
If you know this concept called “expectancy theory”, then you know that sometimes when we are looking for something, which we already believed will not be there in the first place, we may end up not seeing that thing. The reason is simply because once we have believed and convinced our brain that it’s not there before looking for it, our brain then constructs the image of that thing not being there even when we are looking at it. This may actually be the reason why we’ve not seen alien life in the universe so far. Generally speaking, when science goes looking for signs of alien life in space, we usually expect to find something quite near to our own physiology. We expect the aliens we see to be at least humanoid in form. With this in mind, is it so surprising that when scientists do see something that does not at all fill our own expectancy of life in other planets, they simply agree that it is some chance of nature that has formed it and not living beings at all.
In this regard, the movies and books may have actually been getting it right when they show us aliens that are simply too grotesque for human beings. If we agree with number 2 above, then we will also agree that different genetic and chemical makeup will bring about different physiological makeup as well. If you have watched Tom and Jerry’s trip to Mars, you will see that the aliens in that movie all look like mice, but that does not in any way reduce their intelligence.
Lastly, we may not have discovered alien life so far because scientists have been landing in the wrong place during interplanetary expeditions! Imagine, if an alien spaceship coming to Earth lands in the middle of the Sahara Desert, or the Arctic region (also a desert too, in case you don’t know), and then explored many kilometers north, south, east and west, what do you think will be their conclusion. You probably guessed it, that there is no life on Earth. The same may be true for scientists leaving our Earth too for other planets. They may have been landing in the wrong places, where there are no life or signs of life, and just as well concluded that there is no life, what with all the evidences as discussed in number two above.
So, having considered all the above stated reasons, I arrived at the conclusion that there is indeed life on other planets apart from our Earth. The only thing that I’m worried about is that I still be around when it is finally discovered.
And perhaps, aliens have been visiting Earth already, and as discussed in number 3, we simply have been too blind to see them, or like some conspiracy theorists will argue, they are simply being held hidden in Area 51, considering the many UFO sightings been yearly reported.
But what do YOU believe about extraterrestrial life? Please leave your comments below!
Deep learning is a form of artificial intelligence. In 2 unrelated studies, astronomers report “surprising” success using it to perform research that’s hard or impossible otherwise.
Deep learning is a subset of machine learning in artificial intelligence (AI) that has networks which are capable of learning unsupervised from data that is unstructured or unlabeled.
We published a story in April about an art historian using an innovative analysis technique to unlock architectural secrets. He was using a machine learning method called deep learning – which is used in, for example, facial recognition and speech recognition software – to do science. Similarly, more and more astronomers are reporting the use of machine deep learning techniques to perform research that humans can’t do using more traditional methods.
Artist’s impression of Kepler-16b, discovered by NASA’s Kepler mission and the first confirmed circumbinary planet. It is a gas giant that orbits close to the edge of its binary system’s habitable zone.
Can computers predict whether planets orbiting binary stars remain in stable orbits? That’s an important question because many (perhaps most) stars in our Milky Way galaxy appear to be in multiple star systems, and because planets in stable orbits might be expected to be the most habitable planets.
And, it turns out, the answer is yes. Researchers reported on April 23, 2018, that computers which undergo deep learning can predict the stability of planets in binary star systems more successfully than human astronomers. A studyon this subject looked at what many astronomers call Tatooines, planets orbiting two stars, named for the fictional Tatooine first introduced in 1977 as Luke Skywalker’s home in the original Star Wars movie. Researchers Chris Lam and David Kipping were both, at the time, at the Cool Worlds lab at Columbia University in New York (Lam has since obtained his Ph.D. and moved on). Their study is published in the peer-reviewed journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. The authors explained in a statement:
Tens of these planets have so far been discovered, but working out whether they may be habitable or not can be difficult.
Moving around two stars instead of just one can lead to large changes in a planet’s orbit, which mean that it is often either ejected from the system entirely, or it crashes violently into one of its twin stars. Traditional approaches to calculating which of these occurs for a given planet get significantly more complicated as soon as the extra star is thrown into the mix.
These researchers simulated millions of possible planets with different orbits using traditional methods and found that planets were being predicted as stable that were clearly not, and vice versa. Their new study showed how machine learning could make accurate predictions possible, even if the standard approach – based on Newton’s laws of gravity and motion – breaks down. They said:
After creating ten million hypothetical Tatooines with different orbits, and simulating each one to test for stability, this huge training set was fed into the deep learning network. Within just a few hours, the network was able to out-perform the accuracy of the standard approach.
In the video below from Cool Worlds Lab, David Kipping explains why three-body systems are so tricky and how deep learning analysis methods can save the day. It’s called Droids [Machines] Ponder Tatooine:
Second, classifying galaxies.
Also on April 23, 2018, astronomers at UC Santa Cruz reported using machine deep learning techniques to analyze images of galaxies, with the goal of understanding how galaxies form and evolve. This new study has been accepted for publication in the peer-reviewed Astrophysical Journal and is available online. In the study, researchers used computer simulations of galaxy formation to train a deep learning algorithm, which then:
… proved surprisingly good at analyzing images of galaxies from the Hubble Space Telescope.
The researchers said they used output from their simulations to generate mock images of simulated galaxies as they would look in ordinary Hubble observations. The mock images were used to train the deep learning system to recognize three key phases of galaxy evolution. The researchers then gave their artificial neutral network a large set of actual Hubble images to classify.
The results showed a remarkable level of consistency, the astronomers said, in the classifications of simulated and real galaxies. Joel Primack of UC Santa Cruz said:
We were not expecting it to be all that successful. I’m amazed at how powerful this is. We know the simulations have limitations, so we don’t want to make too strong a claim. But we don’t think this is just a lucky fluke.
Il y a peu, un OVNI de forme triangulaire a été filmé au moment précis où un éclair le percutait. Cette vidéo est rapidement devenue virale peu après sa publication.
Le 5 mai 2018, la chaîne YouTube, Secureteam10, a publié cette vidéo qui était initialement parue sur Instagram par un homme connu uniquement sous le pseudonyme de « MrsLampshade».
Tyler Glockner, ufologue, précise que cette scène a été filmée quelque part en République Tchèque bien qu'elle ait été postée depuis le village de Petrcane, en Croatie. Le spécialiste suggère que l'OVNI a pu « siphonner l'énergie » produite par la décharge électrique.
Cette vidéo a grandement ravivé l'intérêt pour les ovnis, les technologies extraterrestres et la vie sur d'autres planètes.
Une étude d'un observatoire allemand suggère que la technologie de vol utilisée par des extraterrestre vivant sur des Super-Terres, c'est-à-dire des planètes gigantesques ayant plus de 10 fois la masse de la Terre, nécessiterait des fusées massives utilisant des alternatives au carburant chimique pour échapper à leurs forces gravitationnelles exponentiellement supérieures. Ainsi, selon cette étude, la probabilité de voir un tel engin spatial est exceptionnellement improbable, du moins d'un point de vue humain.
D'autres experts, y compris l'ancien employé du Pentagone Luis Elizondo, ne sont pas d'accord avec ces explications. Ils prétendent que non seulement la vie extraterrestre existe, mais que certains vaisseaux spatiaux extraterrestres ont déjà visité la Terre et qu'ils posséderaient même une technologie capable de déformer l'espace-temps.
Secureteam10 et d'autres chaînes YouTube consacrées aux OVNIS sont parfois critiquée quant à leurs réelles intentions. Les sceptiques pensent que ces ufologues utilisent ce réseau social à des fins uniquement pécuniaires.
Selon le site UFO Theatre, dont le slogan « La vérité est compliquée », Glockner est une « farce» qui utilise des « scénarios inventés » pour impressionner son auditoire incrédule composé de plus de 1,5 million d'abonnés.
Selon Social Blade, un site d'analyse, Secureteam10, qui se décrit comme « la chaîne [YouTube] n°1 dans la diffusion de rapports sur les nombreux mystères de notre univers », générerait un revenu estimé entre 3000 $ et 60 000 $ par mois, en plus des revenus provenant du site Patreonet des ventes de t-shirts.
Même si toutes ces données étaient vraies, cela ne signifie pas que les intentions de Glockner sont moins sincères ou que ses vidéos ne sont que des montages uniquement destinées à faire le buzz.
Par ailleurs, depuis qu'il diffuse le fruit de ses recherches sur YouTube en 2011, il a déjà accumulé plus de 420 millions de vues …
Alien has been the buzzword for the last couple of years and alien hunters have come with several proofs of extraterrestrial lives. Now, another alien seeker has posted a video of mysterious triangular-shaped alien spacecraft or UFO within the bolt of lightning. Alien hunters believe that the lightning does not form a triangular shape which suggests that there is an object within the lightning bolt. In addition, human-made spacecraft cannot survive the wrath of lightning that further suggests that the mysterious object is an alien spacecraft speeding through the lightning.
Youtuber SecureTeam10 has posted the video which went viral on the social media and amassed over 400,000 views on the Youtube. The editor of the video has paused the video and enhanced the image to increase the viewability of the triangular shaped object. Conspiracy theorists believe that either the spacecraft was speeding through the lightning or it was sucking energy from it. Apparently, the alien creatures are very advanced when compared to humans and have also decoded how to access massive energy stored in the lightning bolt. Another alien enthusiast claimed that aliens constantly linger around Earth to monitor our activities and they pose a serious danger to the future of humanity as we don’t have sufficient weapons in our repertoire to combat the advanced civilisation.
Called “They Dwell In The Lightning…” the 10-minute video was posted Saturday and points to a triangle-looking block within a lightning bolt, and calls it “yet another one of these objects, either struck by, caught within or siphoning energy from another one of these lightning bolts, snapped at just the right time as it was coming down over the Czech Republic.”
Search for alien life has gained pace in recent times and space agencies are working hard to find the proof of extraterrestrial life. Meanwhile, a team of scientists from the Plymouth University believes that we should take help of artificial intelligence to find the alien life. According to researchers, artificial intelligence has witnessed rapid developments and it can help us in predicting the probability of life on other planets.
For the study, scientists have harnessed the power of artificial intelligence and artificial neural networks (ANNs) to classify planets into five types, based on the likelihood of supporting extraterrestrial life. Based on these groups, scientists will further conduct interstellar missions to find the alien life.
Lead study author Mr Christopher Bishop explains that planets in all the five groups have an atmosphere and possibility of life. Some planets are very similar to present day earth and are present in Goldilocks zone while some are more like Mars and Venus.
Mr Bishop comments, “We’re currently interested in these ANNs for prioritising exploration for a hypothetical, intelligent, interstellar spacecraft scanning an exoplanet system at range.”
He adds, “We’re also looking at the use of large area, deployable, planar Fresnel antennas to get data back to Earth from an interstellar probe at large distances. This would be needed if the technology is used in robotic spacecraft in the future.”
UFO Seen Over Western Beijing Throughout Some Areas Of Northern China
UFO Seen Over Western Beijing Throughout Some Areas Of Northern China
China is not famous for UFO conspiracies not like in the USA where hit TV shows get inspiration from secret government cover-ups. However, when UFOs suddenly appear in the country as what took place on Friday night, a seemingly lack of information has made the existence of little green men the most suitable explanation.
Multiple residents allegedly saw the UFO on Friday night over Western Beijing and throughout the Celestial Kingdom’s northeastern parts.
Videos and photos show a bright funnel in cone shape leading an apparent cork-screw tail behind it. The light is seemingly shining downward, then changing course sharply, and then finally disappearing.
Even though the strange incident was widely seen, the information is so limited. No official reports that can shed the light of the phenomenon and the people were just left with a few facts.
Since it was seen throughout a wide area below, the object must be high up in the atmosphere, according to the editor-in-chief of the Guokr science website Yu Jun. With the object’s high altitude, it was illuminated by sunlight that reached beyond the shadow of the Earth.
Yu explained that the UFO could not be a satellite launch considering its acute change in trajectory and the Taiyuan rocket centre in Shanxi made no launches on the night of the sighting. Beidou satellite can be ruled out as well since they are only launched from the Xichang satellite launch centre in Western Sichuan province as per Beijing News.
Chinese state media has no official explanations about the strange incident, but the UFO is not likely to be there unless authorised considering the highly restricted China’s airspace.
It is not known what does the incident means, but people in China can relax if it turns out to be aliens conducting their probe tests. After all, UFOs are the least of worries among Beijingers when it comes to the list of airborne threats in the city that include killer bees, flying catkins, sandstorms, and air pollution.
UNDERGROUND CITY IN THE GRAND CANYON WAS DOCUMENTED IN 1909
UNDERGROUND CITY IN THE GRAND CANYON WAS DOCUMENTED IN 1909
The latest news of the progress of the explorations of what is now regarded by scientists as not only the oldest archaeological discovery in the United States, but one of the most valuable in the world, which was mentioned some time ago in the Gazette, was brought to the city yesterday by G.E. Kinkaid, the explorer who found the great underground citadel of the Grand Canyon during a trip from Green River, Wyoming, down the Colorado in a wooden boat, to Yuma, several months ago.
According to the story in the Gazette by Mr. Kinkaid, the archaeologist of the Smithsonian Institute, which is financing the explorations, have made discoveries which almost conclusively prove that the race which inhabited this mysterious cavern, hewn in solid rock by human hands, was of Oriental origin or possibly from Egypt tracing back to Ramses.
If their theories are borne out of the translation of the tablets engraved with hieroglyphics, the mystery of the prehistoric peoples of North America, their ancient arts, who they were and whence they came, will be solved. Egypt and the Nile and Arizona and the Colorado will be linked by a historical chain running back to ages which staggers the wildest fancy of the fictionist.
A Thorough Investigation
Under the direction of professor S.A. Jordan, the Smithsonian Institute is now prosecuting the most thorough explorations, which will be continued until the last link in the chain has been forged. Nearly a mile underground, about 1480 feet below the surface, the long main passage has been delved into, to find another mammoth chamber from which radiates scores of passageways, like the spokes of a wheel. Several hundred rooms have been discovered, reached by passageways running from the main passage, one of them having been explored for 854 feet and another 634 feet.
The recent finds include articles which have never been known as native to this country and doubtless they had their origin in the Orient. War weapons, copper instruments sharp edged and hard as steel, indicate the high state of civilization reached by these strange people.
So interested have the scientists become that preparations are being made to equip the camp for extensive studies and the force will be increased to thirty or forty persons. Before going further into the cavern, better facilities for lighting have to be installed, for the darkness is dense and impenetrable for the average flashlight.
In order to avoid being lost, wires are being strung from the entrance to all passageways leading directly to large chambers. How far this cavern extends no one can guess, but it is now the belief of many that what has already been explored is merely the “Barracks”, to use an American term, for the soldiers, and that far into the underworld will be found the main communal dwellings of the families and possibly other shrines. The ventilation that blows through indicates another outlet to the surface.
Mr. Kinkaids Report
Mr. Kinkaid was the first white child born in Idaho and has been an explorer and hunter all his life. Thirty years having been in the service of the Smithsonian Institute. Even briefly recounted, his history sounds fabulous, almost grotesque.
“First, I would impress that the cavern is almost inaccessible. The entrance isalmost 1486 feet down a shear canyon wall. It is located on government land and no visitor will be allowed there under penalty of trespass. The scientists wish to work unmolested, without fear of the archaeological discoveries being disturbed by curio or relic hunters. A trip there would be fruitless and the visitor would be sent on his way.
The story of how I found the cavern: I was journeying down the Colorado river in a boat, alone, looking for mineral. Some forty two miles up the river from El Tovar Crystal canyon, I saw on the east wall, stains in the sedimentary formation about 2000 feet above the river bed. There was no trail to this point, but I finally reached it with great difficulty.
Above a shelf, which hid it from view of the river, was the mouth of the cave. There are steps leading from this entrance some thirty yards from what was at the time the cavern was inhabited, the level of the river. When I saw the chisel marks on the wall inside the entrance, I became interested, secured my gun and went in. During that trip I went back several hundred feet along the main passage, till I came to the main crypt in which I discovered the mummies.
One of these I stood up and photographed by flashlight. I gathered a number of relics, which I carried down the Colorado to Yuma, from whence I shipped them to Washington with details of the discovery. Following this, the explorations were undertaken”.
The Passages
“The main passageway is about 12 feet wide, narrowing to 9 feet toward the farther end. About 57 feet from the entrance, the first passages branch off to the right and left, along which, on both sides, are a number of rooms about the size of ordinary living rooms of today, though some are 30 to 40 feet square.
These are entered by oval shaped doors and are ventilated by round air spaces through the walls into the passages. The walls are about 3 feet 6 inches in thickness. The passages are chiseled or hewn as straight as could be laid out by any engineer. The ceilings of many of the rooms converge to a center. The side passages near the entrance run at a sharp angle from the main hall, but toward the rear they gradually reach a right angle in direction”.
The Shrine
“Over a hundred feet from the entrance is a cross-hall, several hundred feet long, in which was found the idol, or image, of the peoples god, sitting cross-legged, with a Lotus flower or Lily in each hand. The cast of the face and the carving shows a skillful hand, and the entire is remarkably well preserved, as is everything in this cavern. The idol most resembles Buddha, though the scientists are not certain as to what religious worship it represents.
Taking into consideration everything found thus far, it is possible that the worship most resembles the ancient people of Thibet. Surrounding this idol are smaller images, some beautiful in form, other crooked necked and distorted shapes, symbolical, probably, of good and evil. There are two large cacti with protruding arms, one on each side of the dais on which the god squats. All this is carved out of hard rock resembling marble.
In the opposite corner of this cross-hall were found tools of all descriptions, made of copper. This people undoubtedly knew the lost art of hardening this metal, which has been sought by chemists for centuries without result. On a bench running around the workroom was some charcoal and other material probably used in the process.
There is also slag and stuff similar to matte, showing that these ancient peoples smelted ores, but so far, no trace of where of how this was done has been discovered, nor the origin of the ore. Among other finds are vases or urns and cups of copper and gold made very artistic in design. The pottery work includes enameled ware and glazed vessels.
Another passageway leads to granaries such as are found in the Oriental temples. They contain seeds of various kinds. One very large storehouse has not been entered, as it is twelve feet high and can be reached only from above. Two copper hooks extend on the edge, (continued on page 7) which indicates that some sort of ladder was attached.
These granaries are rounded and the materials of which they are constructed, I think, is a very hard cement. A grey metal is also found in this cavern which puzzles the scientists, for it’s identity has not been established. It resembles platinum. Strewn promiscuously over the floor everywhere are what people call “Cats eyes” or “Tiger eyes”, a yellow stone of no great value. Each one is engraved with a head of a Malay type.”
The Hieroglyphics
“On all the urns, on the walls over the doorways and tablets of stone which were found by the image are mysterious hieroglyphics, the key to which the Smithsonian Institution hopes yet to discover. These writings resemble those found on the rocks about this valley. The engraving on the tablets probably has something to do with the religion of the people, Similar hieroglyphics have been found in the peninsula of Yucatan, but these are not found in the Orient. Some believe that these cave dwellers built the old canals in the Salt River valley. Among the pictorial writings only two animals are found. One is of prehistoric type”.
The Crypt
“The tomb or crypt in which the mummies are found is one of the largest of the chambers, the walls slanting back at an angle of about 35 degrees. One these are tiers of mummies, each one occupying a separate hewn shelf. At the head of each is a small bench on which is found copper cups and pieces of broken swords.
Some of the mummies are covered with clay and all are wrapped in a bark fabric. The urns or cups on the lower tiers are crude, while as the higher shelves are reached, the urns are finer in design showing an inter-stage of civilization. It is worthy of note that all the mummies examined so far have proved to be male, no children or females being buried here. This leads to the belief that this interior section was the warriors barracks.
Among the discoveries no bones of animals have been found, no skins, no clothing nor bedding. Many of the rooms are bare but for the water vessels. One room, about 400 by 700 feet, was probably the main dining hall for cooking utensils are found here. What these people lived on is a problem, though it is presumed that they came south for the winter and farmed in the valleys, going back north in the summer. Upwards of 50,000 people could have lived in the cavern comfortably.
One theory is that the present Indian tribe found in Arizona are descendants of the serfs or slaves of the people which inhabited the cave. Undoubtedly a good many thousands of years before the Christian era a people lived here which reached a high state of civilization. The chronology of human history is full of gaps. Prof. Jordan is much enthused over the discoveries and believes that the find will prove of incalculable value in archaeological work.
One thing I have spoken of may be of interest. There is one chamber the passageways to which is not ventilated and when we approach it a deadly, snaky smell struck us. Our lights would not penetrate the gloom and until stronger ones are available, we will not know what the chamber contains. Some say snakes, but others boo-hoo this idea and think that it may contain a deadly gas or chemicals used by the ancients. No sounds are heard, but it smells just the same.
The whole underground institution gives one of shaky nerves the creeps. The gloom is like a weight on ones shoulders and our flashlights and candles only make the darkness blacker. Imagination can revel in conjectures and ungodly day-dreams back through the ages that have elapsed till the mind reels dizzily in space.
An Indian Legend
In connection with this story, it is notable that among the Hopis the tradition is told that their ancestors once lived in an underworld in the Grand Canyon till dissension arose between the good and the bad, the people of one heart, the people of two hearts. (Manchoto) who was their chief, counselled them to leave the underworld, but there was no way out. The chief then caused a tree to grow up and pierce the roof of the underworld and then the people of one heart climbed out.
They tarried by Palsiaval (Red River), which is the Colorado, and grew grain and corn. They sent out a message to the temple of the sun, asking the blessing of peace, good will and rain for the people of one heart. That messenger never returned but, today at the Hopi village, at sundown can be seen the old men of the tribe out on the housetops gazing towards the sun, looking for the messenger. When he returns, their land and ancient dwelling place will be restored to them. That is the tradition.
Among the engravings of animals in the cave is seen a image of a heart over the spot where it is located. The legend was learned by W.E. Rollins, the artist, during a year spent with the Hopi Indians. There are two theories of the origin of the Egyptians. One is that they came from Asia: another is that the racial cradle was in the upper Nile region. Heeren, an Egyptologist, believed in the Indian origin of the Egyptians. The discoveries in the Grand Canyon may throw further light on human evolution and prehistoric ages.”
The Smithsonian Says they have no record of this happening and stories of a massive cover up have be around since the story made print in 1909. I guess one must pose the question as to why this finding must be suppressed for over 100 years. Perhaps solid proof of things that proved lies in the history of our word, or a alien base kept hidden for who knows how long before it’s discovery in 1909. In a world that fears solid proof more each day, we man never know.
VIRGINIA BEACH, Va. - Recently released videos purport to show military pilots seeing UFO's, but what exactly are they seeing?
The group, To the Stars Academy for Arts and Science, obtained the videos and says they're evidence pilots are coming into contact with Unidentified Foreign Objects.
Rob Swiatek, a UFO researcher and board member of the Mutual UFO Network (MUFON), says these types of sightings have been happening for decades. "We can't really explain it," Swiatek said. "[The UFO's] seem to be moving in intelligent manners, intelligent patterns, and it does not seem to be a natural phenomenon."
Each year there are thousands of reports of UFO's across the country and world, according to Swiatek. UFO investigators are generally able to determine explanations for the vast majority, but he says about 20% remain a mystery.
"Ultimately, I conjecture that we're dealing with another intelligence, but I can't prove it," he said.
Following the release of the videos, there's a renewed interest in whether or not aliens are piloting UFO's. In December, The New York Times reported on a military program, called the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program, which looked into the reports of UFO's. Defense officials say the program ended in 2012, but others say the work continues.
Local researchers say there have been plenty of sightings here in Hampton Roads. "I believe extra-terrestrial life has existed for millions of years in our universe," said Jessica Youness, the president of the UFO Club of Virginia.
Youness recalled a time she saw a UFO while walking her dog in Virginia Beach. "I felt it was getting closer," she said. "I told my husband, you know you have to joke about this once in a while, 'I don't want to be abducted. Let's go in because it's coming closer.'"
Despite the sighting, she says seeing a UFO is not common and she tried to take a skeptical approach when investigating reports. "I want to get rid of the skeptics and people who are just on here and reporting UFO sightings that just want attention."
The researchers say to prove there really are aliens they need from the scientific community. "We need a whole bunch of scientists and a whole bunch of money, so that we really bring a lot of good brains and scientific equipment to bear on the project. That has never been done to a large extent," Swiatek said.
The Navy declined to do an interview about UFO's, but did release a statement. "For decades aviators have reported seeing unidentified objects while in flight. While most sightings are explainable, some are not. Reporting an unidentified object is nothing unusual. Weather balloons, drones and experimental aircraft are often difficult to identify when seen from a distance while flying at a high rate of speed. Any unidentified aircraft sighting is reported to the commanding authority of that air space," the statement reads.
The Breakthrough Listen initiative, an effort backed Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg to find signs of alien intelligence, just got way better hearing aids.
The project, which also had support from legendary physicist Steven Hawking, has begun a new push to survey millions of stars in the Milky Way for signals picked up by extraterrestrial technology. The expansion takes advantage of a hardware upgrade at the Parkes Radio Telescope in Australia that lets astronomers scan larger areas of the sky quickly and in more detail.
The Listen project has been using the Parkes telescope for observations over the past year and a half, but had been limited to targeting just a small sample of stars within a relatively short distance from Earth.
The new hardware will allow the system to process 130 gigabits per second of observational data from deep space. The project is signed up for 1,500 hours of observation time with the Parkes telescope for 2018, which could result in the collection of almost 100 petabytes of raw data (that's over 5 million HD movies).
All that data will then be archived, open sourced, analyzed and searched for signs of E.T. phoning home ... or anyplace else.
Best places in space to search for alien life
The Red Planet
The deeper we look into space, the more places we come across that seem like maybe, just maybe, could host life. From our neighboring planets to distant galaxies sending out weird signals, the list of spots in space worth checking out just continues to grow.
The closest world we should check for signs of life is one we've already been to, or at least our robots have. There's increasing evidence that Mars was once a lot more like Earth, with oceans on its surface. Today it's more harsh, but it's not out of the question that we could find some sort of microbes in Martian soil.
Ceres
Dwarf planet Ceres in the asteroid belt is full of surprises. It started with those big bright spots that turned out to be salt deposits, and there's also a huge, strange pyramid-shaped mountain, plenty of water beneath the surface and even the building blocks of life. Some people already believe this huge rock is actually an alien ship. The evidence isn't there to support that theory, but the place does seem worth a closer look.
Jupiter
We don't think of the largest gas giant planet around as a place to look for life, but science fiction author Ben Bova has other ideas.
"It's got all the ingredients, enough room and lots of energy," he said in 2016.
Bova briefly explained his notion of life-forms that might be able to live in the air or in water underneath Jupiter's dense deck of clouds. He referred me to a few of the novels from his "Grand Tour" series, including "Jupiter" and "Leviathans of Jupiter."
The storyline of the novels revolves around the existence of massive, city-size life-forms called Leviathans living in gigantic oceans that have condensed beneath the clouds of Jupiter.
Um, sure. Why not?
Titan
Saturn's satellite Titan is the rare moon in our solar system with an atmosphere, weather, seas and rivers. It sure looks like home, except it's freezing and the lakes are flammable. Whatever life could survive there would be awfully weird, but scientists would still love to send a submarine to see for themselves.
Enceladus
Like Europa, Saturnian moon Enceladus has an icy shell with plumes shooting into space. In 2015, the Cassini spacecraft actually flew through one of the plumes and found large amounts of hydrogen present in its hidden ocean. This suggests the watery world has just about all the ingredients required to support life.
Europa
Jupiter moon Europa not only hides a subsurface ocean beneath its icy shell, but geysers have also been spotted there, hinting that some sort of hydrothermal activity might be able to support marine life.
Callisto
Jupiter's moon Callisto is another world that harbors an unseen ocean. Checking it for microbes or any other exotic life forms might be tough, though, because it would require drilling through its huge, rocky exterior.
Ganymede
Ganymede, Jupiter's largest moon, has long been suspected of harboring a subsurface ocean. In 2015, scientists said they could confirm a salty ocean beneath its frozen crust. It also has a thin oxygen atmosphere, adding to its intrigue.
Venus
Yes our nearest planetary neighbor is supposed to be a horrible, hot and toxic hellscape, but that's just below the clouds. Higher in the atmosphere it could be quite nice. The planet wasn't always so inhospitable, so perhaps something managed to adapt? Scary to imagine what might have managed that, but you know you want to see it.
Pluto
This former planet is very cold, but it's also more interesting than we used to think, with hints of active geology, lots of ice and perhaps some hidden oceans of its own. Definitely worth adding to the life-prospecting itinerary.
Proxima b
A potentially habitable planet around the nearest star to the sun, Proxima b is a no-brainer for closer examination. In fact, some told stories about alien civilizations there before the planet was even discovered. Plans are already underway to send tiny craft there to see if anyone is about.
Trappist-1 system
The TRAPPIST-1 system is just 40 light-years away and hosts up to seven Earth-sized planets, all very close to each other and perfect for the space-faring civilization of our sci-fi dreams.
Somewhere in Auriga
Mysterious signals known as "fast radio bursts" have baffled astronomers for a decade. The only such signal that repeats has been traced to a tiny galaxy in this image in the constellation Auriga. Is it E.T. phoning home?
KIC 8462852
Something weird is going on around the distant star KIC 8462852, also known as Boyajian's Star. After a few years of research, no one knows for sure what's happening, but one explanation that's yet to be completely ruled out is the far-out notion that a highly advanced society is building insanely huge megastructures in space that obstruct the star. Gulp.
HD 40307g
HD 40307g is another nearby super-Earth only 42 light years away that will be a top target for the next generation of telescopes.
"With these new capabilities ... we are scanning our galaxy in unprecedented detail," project scientist Danny Price from UC Berkeley said in a statement. "By trawling through these huge datasets for signatures of technological civilizations, we hope to uncover evidence that our planet, among the hundreds of billions in our galaxy, is not the only where intelligent life has arisen."
Breakthrough Listen is a $100 million effort to search the Milky Way and nearby galaxies for evidence of advanced civilizations and technology. It was launched in 2015 by Zuckerberg, Russian billionaire Yuri Milner and the late Hawking.
Breakthrough Listen hasn't picked up on any alien signals just yet, but perhaps that will change now that its "ear" just became much bigger and more sensitive.
Crowd Control: A crowdsourced science fiction novel written by CNET readers.
Solving for XX: The tech industry seeks to overcome outdated ideas about "women in tech."
Bouncy bone can be 3D-printed to become a universal repair kit
Bouncy bone can be 3D-printed to become a universal repair kit
3D print your way to a perfect implantJakus et al
By Andy Coghlan
Who would have thought a plain white ink could transform bone surgery? The newly developed ink can be used to 3D-print flexible bone implants in any size, shape and form – from cylindrical leg bones to entire skulls. What is more, once inside the body, the implants turn into real bone, giving surgeons a cheap and versatile way of repairing an injury.
When bones need to be fixed or replaced, doctors tend to take bone from other parts of the body, or use implants. Although the less painful option, implants are often brittle, meaning they break easily and can’t be remodelled during surgery. Another option is to use putties made from crystallised bone of variable quality that come from human cadavers – but this is expensive.
Now, Ramille Shah at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, and her colleagues have developed an ink that can be 3D-printed into bone implants that are robust but ultra-elastic, allowing surgeons to cut and manipulate them in the operating theatre to form the perfect shape.
Once in place, the implants are rapidly infiltrated by blood vessels and gradually turn into natural bone. Shah’s team calls the implant material “hyperelastic bone” and says it could heal a multitude of skeletal problems, from fractures and spine repairs to implants that help to rebuild faces after injury or chemotherapy.
Custom implants
“Our vision is to have 3D printers in a hospital setting where we provide the hyperelastic bone ink, so surgeons can make individual implants within 24 hours,” says Shah. “You could make off-the-shelf, or patient-specific implants using scans from patients,” she says.
The ink is made from hydroxyapatite, a mineral found naturally in bone, and PLGA, a polymer that binds the mineral particles together, and gives the implants their elasticity. “We were very surprised to find when we squeezed an implant, it bounced back to its original shape,” says Shah.
Adam Jakus, also at Northwestern, believes that the implants so closely mimic natural bone in their pore structure and mineral content, that the body’s repair processes mistake it for incomplete bone that needs remodelling to bring it back to perfection.
In tests, the implants healed spinal defects in rats as fast and as well as existing treatments. The team also made an implant to heal an area of damaged skull in a rhesus macaque. It started out too big, but surgeons were able to cut it to exactly the right shape in the operating room. Shah says the material should reach the clinic within five years.
“It’s terrific, and a great advance,” says Iain Hutchison, a maxillofacial surgeon at St Bartholomew’s Hospital in London. “They’ve created a matrix, not a bone, and it seems they can grow bone on it without having to add stem cells or other growth factors,” he says.
Your bones contain crystals shaped like fingers and hands
Your bones contain crystals shaped like fingers and hands
A close look at the structure of boneN. Reznikov et al., Science (2018)
By Sam Wong
A blurry brown picture is the most detailed 3D image of bone ever produced. It may look fuzzy, but the model developed from electron microscope images gives unique insight into the remarkable properties of bone.
Bone is mostly made of mineral crystals and the protein collagen. While the structure of collagen is well understood, how the minerals in bone – made of hydroxyapatite – are organised is less clear.
Roland Kröger of the University of York and colleagues at Imperial College London used electron microscopes to obtain cross-section images at many different angles, and layered the images to construct detailed 3D pictures of human thighbones.
The 3D images revealed that, at the nanoscale level, the crystals are a slightly curved finger-shape. These cluster together to form a hand-like pattern, and these themselves are pressed on top of each other in stacks. Viewed at a higher level, these stacks are twisted. In fact, each level of the mineral architecture features twisting, helical shapes. It was already known that collagen – itself a helical protein – forms twisted fibres in bone.
Stiff and tough
Just as the twisted fibres in a rope give it strength, these helical structures must contribute to the mechanical properties of bone, says Kröger.
His team thinks the many layers of crystal and collagen organisation may explain bone’s unique properties, enabling it to be both stiff enough to support the body, and tough enough to protect it.
Many research groups are interested in growing bone in the lab as a way to treat bone diseases, or to develop new, tough materials. The complexity revealed in the new study highlights what a big challenge this is, says Kröger.
Jouw botten bevatten kristallen die gevormd zijn als vingers en handen. Het draait om dit verbazingwekkende natuurfenomeen
Jouw botten bevatten kristallen die gevormd zijn als vingers en handen. Het draait om dit verbazingwekkende natuurfenomeen
Wetenschappers hebben de meest gedetailleerde 3D-afbeelding ooit van menselijke botten gemaakt. Daaruit blijkt iets heel opmerkelijks.
Botten, die grotendeels bestaan uit kristallen en het eiwit collageen, blijken over opzienbarende eigenschappen te beschikken.
Er is inmiddels veel bekend over de structuur van collageen, maar hoe de mineralen in botten – bestaande uit hydroxyapatiet – zijn georganiseerd is nog vrij onduidelijk.
Vingers en handen
Roland Kröger van de University of York heeft nu samen met zijn collega’s een reconstructie gemaakt van de minerale structuur van botweefsel op micro- en nanoschaal.
Op nanoschaal blijken de kristallen te zijn gevormd als vingers. Ze clusteren samen en vormen vervolgens ‘handen’.
Dankzij deze vorm kunnen de kristallen zich vasthechten aan het collageen.
Fractaal
Niet alleen op het kleinste niveau zijn collageen en kristallen met elkaar verweven. De wetenschappers ontwaarden tenminste 12 verschillende niveaus waarbij dit gebeurt.
Hierdoor heeft botweefsel iets weg van een fractaal, een motief dat zich eindeloos herhaalt.
Unieke eigenschappen
Je ziet dit terug in de complexe en verbazingwekkende vormen van de natuur; onder meer in sneeuwvlokken, wolken, boomstammen en bliksemschichten.
Kröger denkt dat de vele lagen van kristal en collageen de unieke eigenschappen van botten kunnen verklaren.
WATCH Google Earth Used to Find "Atlantis" Below Antarctic Ice
WATCH Google Earth Used to Find "Atlantis" Below Antarctic Ice
A series of buildings reportedly found encased in polar ice via mapping software raises speculations about the discovery of a mythical lost city described by an ancient Greek philosopher.
Graham Maple, a dedicated seeker of all things paranormal who runs the Conspiracy Depot channel on YouTube, has stumbled upon what he believes is a group of four buildings located below the surface of Antarctica.
As Maple explained to the Daily Star Online, the buildings – which he designated as Horseshoe 1, Horseshoe 2, Tower 1 and Tower 2 – "are definitely not natural and are maybe part of a complex buried under the ice."
"There are several possibilities who it could have belonged to. Ancient residents of Atlantis, extraterrestrials or even a top secret governmental operation,” he said, noting that while it is unlikely that anything could’ve survived below the ice, “depending on how large and self-sustaining the colony is, who knows?"
‘Vier oude gebouwen’ ontdekt onder ijs van Antarctica. Ligt Atlantis hier?
‘Vier oude gebouwen’ ontdekt onder ijs van Antarctica. Ligt Atlantis hier?
Een filmpje van vreemde structuren op Antarctica heeft geleid tot veel speculatie. Sommigen denken dat het gaat om gebouwen die ooit onderdeel waren van een verloren stad die werd beschreven door de Griekse filosoof Plato.
Graham Maple van het YouTube-kanaal Conspiracy Depot heeft naar eigen zeggen vier gebouwen ontdekt onder het ijs van Antarctica, zo meldt het Russische persbureau Sputnik.
Complex
Hij heeft de gebouwen namen gegeven: Hoefijzer 1, Hoefijzer 2, Toren 1 en Toren 2.
“Ze zijn zeker niet natuurlijk en zijn mogelijk onderdeel van een complex dat onder het ijs begraven ligt,” zei hij tegen de Daily Star.
Grote stad
“Er zijn meerdere mogelijkheden: ze behoorden toe aan de inwoners van Atlantis of buitenaardsen of waren onderdeel van een topgeheime overheidsoperatie,” aldus Maple.
Hij denkt dat de bouwwerken onderdeel zijn van een grote stad die zich mogelijk uitstrekt over een gebied van vele kilometers.
Formeel breken wetenschappers zich het hoofd over een maan die hoort bij de enorme planeet Jupiter.
Deze maan, Ganymedes, is de grootste in ons zonnestelsel en is tevens iets heel anders dan men ons wil doen geloven.
In het midden van de jaren negentig werd er veel gesproken over een man met de naam Alex Collier. Deze man kwam met heel interessante informatie omtrent ons zonnestelsel en vooral ook buitenaards leven.
Hij verkreeg al deze kennis omdat hij als kind al was ontvoerd door buitenaardsen en dat hij als gevolg daarvan in contact staat met iemand van het sterrenstelsel Andromeda.
Eén van de dingen waar hij over vertelde tijdens zijn presentatie was één van de manen van de planeet Jupiter, Ganymedes genaamd.
Ganymedes is de grootste maan van Jupiter en tevens de grootste maan van ons hele zonnestelsel. Ze is groter dan de planeet Mercurius, maar heeft slechts half zoveel massa als die planeet. Ganymedes is ongeveer anderhalf keer zo groot als de Maan van de Aarde, twee keer zo groot als de dwergplaneet Pluto en heeft drie vierde van de omvang van Mars.[1] Aan de hand van het aantal kraters per vierkante kilometer wordt geschat dat de maan 3,5 tot 3 miljard jaar oud is, wat vergelijkbaar is met onze Maan.
En net zoals er vaak wordt gezegd dat onze maan een kunstmatige satelliet is, zo is dat volgens Collier ook het geval met Ganymedes. Het is een centrale hub voor veel buitenaards verkeer en volgens Collier was er water, zuurstof en een atmosfeer op Ganymedes.
In de tijd was er echter geen manier om te kunnen controleren of dat hetgeen Collier vertelde ook daadwerkelijk klopten.
Maar, sinds die tijd zijn er meer en meer opnames gemaakt door satellieten en ruimtetelescopen van deze bijzondere maan en lijken een aantal zaken de theorie van Collier te ondersteunen.
Eén van die dingen is een soort aurora op Ganymedes, die alleen maar veroorzaakt kan worden door een magnetisch veld, wat er weer op wijst dat Ganymedes inderdaad over water beschikt, heel veel water en zelfs meer dan al onze zeeën en oceanen bij elkaar.
Daarnaast zijn er andere bijzondere ontdekkingen gedaan op Ganymedes zoals te zien op de volgende afbeelding. Iets dat lijkt op een enorme donker getinte koepel, waarop zelfs de reflectie van het zonlicht is te zien.
Bovenstaande is wederom afkomstig van de man die de Men in Black op zijn dak heeft, de bekende Tyler van Secureteam en hij denkt dat net zoals met de planeet Venus waar we eerder over schreven, dat Ganymedes veel belangrijker is dan men ons wil doen geloven en dat ook in het geval van deze maan er alles aan wordt gedaan om de aandacht af te leiden.
Spoiler alert! Stop the scary theme music! Forget about being a Nefertiti mummy on Halloween. Science has killed hopes for any new movies based on the mummy of Queen Nefertiti being released from her secret burial chamber in the tomb of Tutankhamun. A comprehensive series of ground-penetrating radar scans found no hidden chambers, hallways or secret passages that could contain the remains of King Tut’s stepmother. So, where is her mummy? What’s that behind you?
The announcement was made at the fourth annual International Tutankhamun GEM Conference, held at the Grand Egyptian Museum in Giza, and reported by National Geographic. It ended a debate that has been going on for decades but which increased in earnest in 2015 when radar specialist Hirokatsu Watanabe attempted to prove a theory by Egyptologist Nicholas Reeves that Queen Nefertiti’s tomb was secretly located behind the walls of King Tutankhamun’s burial chamber. Watanabe’s ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data appeared to find hidden doors and two empty areas behind the north and west walls of the chamber.
What about the curse?
Since you can’t just knock out a wall in Tut’s tomb, even if you’re an excited Egyptian antiquities minister who felt “90 percent sure” of the discovery, a second GPR scan was performed by National Geographic engineers in 2016. Over 40 individual scans were performed on the walls at five different heights and two different radar frequencies — one for depth perception the other for feature perception. Those scans showed no evidence of doors, rooms or Nefertiti. When those results were presented at the 2016 International Tutankhamen GEM Conference, Minister El Enany called for a tie-breaker.
Three GPR scans were conducted in February 2018 by three independent teams (from the Polytechnic University of Turin, Italy, and two private companies, Geostudi Astier and 3DGeoimaging) using three different frequencies. Yes, these people are serious about their Tut tomb theories. After seven days of scanning, the data was analyzed by a team led by Franco Porcelli of the Polytechnic University, who presented the results to Mostafa Waziri, Secretary General of the Supreme Council of Antiquities, and Khaled El Enany, Egypt’s Minister of Antiquities.
After all bets were placed, the results were announced:
“We conclude, with a very high level of confidence, that the hypothesis concerning the existence of hidden chambers adjacent [to] Tutankhamun’s tomb is not supported by the GPR data.”
While the results are disappointing to many, the good news is that the search for the mummy of the mysterious Nefertiti can continue, spawning new theories and potential movie plots. She could still be buried somewhere nearby, she could be one of the many unidentified mummies in museums or her remains could have been destroyed in the attempt to rewrite history after her death.
Is that you, mummy?
Should fans of Nicholas Reeves’ theory of hidden chambers demand a best-of-seven GPR series?
Unknown Orange Light appears in the sky over Santa Maria, California
Unknown Orange Light appears in the sky over Santa Maria, California
While driving his car near Santa Maria, California, Carlos Dominguez has filmed a strange orange light in the night sky on May 5, 2018.
The orange spot clearly illuminates the sky and is not a reflection in the window as it disappears several times behind the trees, while driving.
The strange glow is similar to other orange spots in the sky that have been captured lately and here also the driver doesn’t know where the light comes from.
There seem to be places in this world which draw to themselves strangeness in all of its forms. Whatever bizarre phenomenon it may be, these locations seem to to hold them fast, pulling them in with forces beyond our comprehension. One such place can be found sprawled out right through the center of the United States. It is by some accounts a strange realm offering a wealth of weirdness and especially seems to be a wellspring of UFO phenomena. It is the UFO Highway.
An interesting pattern was uncovered by a brother and sister pair of UFO investigators named Chuck Zukowski and Debbie Ziegelmeyer, of El Paso Colorado, over their decades of researching strange UFO phenomena including sightings, alien abductions, and cattle mutilations across the United States. At some point during their investigations of hundreds of cases they came to the startling conclusion that a good many of the incidents had occurred along a very defined line along the 37th latitude line, or 37th Parallel, which is a geographical designation that expands along the southern borders of Utah, Colorado, and Kansas, and the northern borders of Arizona, New Mexico, and Oklahoma, and in its entirety runs from California through Nevada, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, Illinois, Kentucky and across to Virginia. He has said of this:
Back in 2006 I was looking at my cattle mutilation investigations – there were huge similarities between them all – most of them were laying on their right side, they’re laying east to west and then I noticed that lots of them were on the 37 degree latitude. I called my sister at midnight and I said, ‘Didn’t you have cattle mutilations on the 37 degree latitude in Missouri?’ And she said, ‘Yes’ and we started looking more into it. We soon realized it wasn’t just cattle mutilations – there were all kind of events. We we’re up until 2:30 in the morning going through all these cases and started seeing these amazing patterns. I started to realize the cattle mutilations, UFO sightings and major events like Area 51 all lined up.
We have a paranormal highway going across the United States. From my research and investigations, the 37th parallel appears to be the main corridor of UFOs traveling across the U.S.
It makes sense in a way, as this particular latitude line has long been plagued with all manner of spooky unexplained phenomena. Of the most interest is perhaps the infamous Area 51 of Nevada, which lies along the 37th parallel, but there is also the supposed secret underground alien base at Dulce, New Mexico, which is world famous for its inexplicable, incessant hum, and many other phenomena. Among the many reports along this line are numerous cattle mutilations and UFO sightings, including an actual alleged crashed alien spacecraft.
In 1941 a Baptist minister was called in to go investigate what was at the time thought to be a simple plane crash at Cape Girardeau, Missouri, in order to perform last rite for any victims. When the minister arrived, he claimed to have seen not a plane, but rather a disc-shaped object half buried in the ground that was surrounded by the scattered bodies of thin, grey humanoids that were recognizably not human. The minister did a short prayer and was then reportedly led away by government personnel.
Another bizarre and spectacular report from along the 37th was that of a pilot named Captain Thomas Mantell, who in 1948 was flying in the region when he was apparently ordered to pursue an unidentified flying object over Owensboro, Kentucky. According to reports he claimed that he had flown up beside the craft and reported that he could see tiny, thin beings within, after which he mysteriously crashed his plane. The official government explanation was that Mantell had simply run out of oxygen, but conspiracies say that the UFO had something to do with it and that it was covered up. Adding to this are the numerous cattle mutilations, UFO sightings, and other phenomena such as the Joplin Spook Lights, which are strange balls of light that have been appearing in Hornet, Missouri since at least the 19th century.
Due to odd cases like this and many, many others, Chuck Zukowski and his sister have come to the conclusion that this geographical line holds some sort of significance for UFOs, although what that could be remains evasive. One theory is that it is for whatever reason a convenient point through which they can enter and exit our world, and Zukowski has said of this:
The bottom line is the 37th latitude is like a UFO highway or paranormal highway across the continent. We seem to think that this highway is a major highway that these crafts use – they seem to exit and enter here.
Chuck and Debbie have continued to investigate strange occurrences along the 37th parallel, with Chuck going out into the field fully prepared and decked out in a tactical vest and equipped with a full-spectrum camera, a handheld metal detector, binoculars, a rangefinder, a firearm, and glass tubes for samples. It is a far cry from his original profession as a microchip engineer and former Sheriff’s Deputy, and it has earned him the nickname the “Mulder of El Paso.” Indeed, it was because of his investigations into the paranormal that he lost his job as a Deputy, as a result of “conducting paranormal and unidentified flying object investigations into animal mutilations and refusing to “refrain from conducting paranormal and unidentified flying object investigations, which could be viewed as a conflict of interest.
Chuck and Debbie have continued to investigate cases along this corridor of strangeness, and their activities have attracted the attention of researcher and author Ben Mezrich, who followed and studied the pair to craft his 2016 best-selling book The 37 Parallel: The Secret Truth Behind America’s UFO Highway. Mezrich would say of his bizarre project:
The biggest thing with this was not seeing it as something bizarre and a joke, but instead treating it as a real subject. “Real” journalists can’t cover this topic. “Real” professors can’t study this topic. “Real” scientists can’t look at the materials and say, “Is this a UFO or is this not a UFO?” And so I think that’s part of what this book is about: the idea that it’s impossible to write about seriously. Over the course of my research, I’ve determined it’s incredibly likely that we have been visited by aliens at least once.
The book has done big business, and has even been picked up to be made into a film by New Line Cinema. Is there anything to all of this, or it this just more intriguing yet ultimately frustrating lore to add to the pile of the UFO phenomenon in general? Is there really some significance to the 37th latitude line, and if so what is it and why does it attract so much strangeness to itself? These are questions that continue to elude us, but perhaps the answers are somewhere out there to be found.
A space enthusiast has been puzzled with what he caught on video as he captioned it “WTF did I capture passing the moon.”
He reportedly recorded on video three UFOs racing past the moon to which he thought helium balloons. However, he could not confirm precisely their identity.
The video was allegedly taken on April 22 and Don’t Stop Motion then posted it on YouTube.
The footage starts with the camera focusing the moon and its craters but later shows something unusual at the 1:18 mark.
All of a sudden, three black shadows are passing the moon.
It is not clear where they are coming from and where they go after they disappear from the frame, leaving most viewers baffled.
It is not mentioned where the video was taken.
Most YouTube viewers were also baffled, and some others were playing joked about the UFO claims.
Others couldn’t think of anything else other than the balloons suggestion.
They explained that the video reveals the silhouette of unlit objects passing above the bright moon surface and not shadows as others suggested.
They further suggested that the objects must be relatively near the earth and slowly pass through the ½ degree angular size of the moon.
Others think those objects were not something in Earth’s orbit as they were more looked like shadows than the actual things.
They explained that the actual objects could be quite big as they were able to cast shadows on the Moon considering the alleged distance this video was taken from. They added that the objects must have been closer to the moon because the shadows looked sharp.
A video was captured of a UFO traveling into a lightning bolt and was posted on YouTube. The YouTube account is known for sharing videos about aliens.
( Secureteam10 | YouTube )
A YouTube video uploaded on May 5 shows what they claim to be a triangular-shaped UFO traveling inside of a lightning bolt. It was spotted during a lightning storm in the Czech Republic.
The title of the video is They Dwell In The Lightning.
UFOs In Lightning
YouTube uploader Secureteam10 says that the UFO in the video can be seen traveling through the lightning bolt or harvesting power from the lightning bolt. Conspiracy theorists are saying that no manmade spacecraft are able to travel through lightning that easily. In the video, more footage can be seen of other UFOs traveling inside of lightning bolts from around the world.
Secureteam10 is run by Tyler Glockner. In the video Glockner says that this is a new capture of a UFO in a lightning storm. He adds that in the video the UFO is either being struck, caught within, or siphoning energy from a lightning bolt as it was coming down.
This footage was captured by another UFO hunter and not by Glockner himself. In a still image of the footage, Glockner claims a spacecraft can be seen passing through the lightning bolt. A second video was posted on May 5 showing another UFO sighting in Arizona.
The second video shows that there was a light spotted flying over Phoenix, Arizona. The image was posted on social media by the Arizona Department of Transportation.
Did the Ministry of Defence ignore evidence of aliens? Government's review of 'Britain's X-files' containing more than a decade of UFO sightings was biased, claims expert
Did the Ministry of Defence ignore evidence of aliens? Government's review of 'Britain's X-files' containing more than a decade of UFO sightings was biased, claims expert
Claim comes from Dr David Clarke, a research fellow at Sheffield Hallam Uni
Government's DI55 office undertook a huge study of UFO sightings in 1997
Dr Clarke says the report was intended from the outset to free the Ministry of Defence from having to investigate UFO sightings
Half a century on from the suspected alien-craft crash at Roswell in New Mexico, the world had become gripped by UFO-mania.
It was the late 90s, and Britain's Defence Intelligence Staff were being sent countless requests from the public to look into potential sightings across the country.
As a result, analysts at the government's DI55 office undertook a huge study of UFO sightings to discover if there was anything worth investigating.
Now, the man who is credited with unearthing 'Britain's X-files' has claimed that the government's work at this time was far from objective.
Dr David Clarke, a research fellow and lecturer in journalism at Sheffield Hallam University, says the report was intended from the outset to free the Ministry of Defence from having to investigate UFO sightings.
As a result, many genuine sighting may not have been properly investigated.
Dr David Clarke, a research fellow and lecturer in journalism at Sheffield Hallam University, claims a government report into alien sightings was intended from the outset to free the Ministry of Defence from having to investigate UFO sightings
According to an in-depth report by The Guardian, internal government messages show that the report focused only 'on the possible threat to the UK [from hostile foreign powers] and technology acquisition' and not 'X-Files activities such as alien abductions'.
A separate memo in 'Project Condign' says: 'It shouldn't be driven by a UFO thesis.'
'The last three UFO files produced by the UK's defence intelligence branch DI55 were originally with-held from the records earmarked for transfer to The National Archives as part of the open government project that ran from 2008-13,' writes Dr Clarke in his blog.
Dr Clarke managed to get hold of these in January ahead of their transfer to the UK National Archives in Kew.
The files, which run to more than 2,500 pages, paint a 'fascinating picture' of the debates that took place in Whitehall during 1997.
'The increasing media attention given to this subject in recent months has almost doubled the work of the desk officers involved to the detriment of other tasks more directly relevant to the work of the branch,' one memo says.
Shown here is an example of a 'UFO' triangle formation that the government investigated as part of its report into alien sightings
Internal government messages show that the report focused only 'on the possible threat to the UK [from hostile foreign powers] and technology acquisition' and not 'X-Files activities such as alien abductions'
It claims that it was now time to 'reappraise the situation' and clarify DIS's role in the issue.
'The problem is unlikely to subside, especially as the US brings into service over the next decade high flying capabilities such as Global Star, Dark Star, the X-33 and, should it come to fruition, the manned spaceplane,' writes one senior officer.
THE RENDLESHAM FOREST INCIDENT: BRITAIN’S ROSWELL
Strange lights were reported by servicemen in the forest near RAF Bentwaters and RAF Woodbridge.
The incident came to be known as 'Britain's Roswell' after the UFO sightings in New Mexico.
Soldiers investigated what the lights were, including Staff Sgt Jim Burroughs, Airman First Class Edward Cabansag and Airman First Class Larry Warren.
The disputed sightings, over three nights between December 26-28, occurred when Britain and the West were on high alert during the Cold War.
Retired US Air Force officer Steve Longero broke a 36 year silence, in December 2016, to reveal he also saw something in the night sky.
Mr Longero said the UFOs looked like red and green fluorescent lights hovering over treetops.
He also dismissed one theory that the lights had been caused by a lighthouse.
The incident became a topic of fascination in the UK after a group of servicemen went into Rendlesham Forest to investigate the mysterious lights and came out convinced they had seen seen an alien spacecraft.
The Suffolk sightings resurfaced claims from those living in Roswell, New Mexico, in 1947 when an unexpected crash was alleged to have been the remains of a spacecraft and alien bodies.
But this was rejected by the U.S. military following a close investigation into the wreckage.
The British Ministry of Defence has also dismissed the claims regarding Rendlesham.
It said there was no threat to national security and the UFOs were likely to be caused by a series of nocturnal lights.
'Other nations will follow, especially with UAVs [unmanned aerial vehicles], which may permit risk-taking in unauthorised penetrations of airspace.'
Other comments were more open-minded. One notes that without a thorough study 'we can not discount the possibility that UAPs (UFOs) are real' or that they could be natural phenomena but with 'possible military applications'.
'It could be argued that UAPs pose a potential threat to the defence of the realm since we have no idea what they are,' the writer continues.
However, there appears to be a fear among officials of further increasing belief in UFOs.
The report was undertaken 50 years after the suspected alien-craft crash at Roswell in New Mexico, the world had become gripped by UFO-mania
'We need to be very careful about expanding 'UFO' business and thereby sending the public a misleading message about the extent of the MoD's interest,' says one memo.
Another says: 'Keep the classification low – I suggest restricted – in order not to put it in the public domain but at the same time prevent the criticism that MoD is hiding something under the cloak of secrecy.'
Dr Clarke notes that one UK restricted memo from 2000 reveals the MoD issued a notice to the media in an attempt to conceal visits by secret US Stealth aircraft to UK airspace.
'Hidden deep within more than two thousand pages of internal exchanges lay a more disturbing aspect of their interest in the subject – and their decision to pull the plug on more than half a century monitoring UFO reports,' writes Dr Clarke.
The authors of the report concluded that the UFO sightings may have been the result of unexplained plasma formations in the atmosphere.
Strange lights were reported by servicemen in the forest near RAF Bentwaters and RAF Woodbridge. Hundreds of people visit the UFO trail at Rendlesham Forest every year after the infamous sightings provoked a flurry of interest
In 2000 the head of Defence Intelligence, P.H. West, asked the UFO desk to stop copying reports of strange objects in the sky to DI55.
These included those from 'credible' sources such as police officers and air traffic control.
DIS destroyed the files on which the report was based.
'This document reveals the MoD's real agenda was the requirement for a definitive conclusion that would allow them to justify their decision to halt all further public work on the UFO issue. And it may also explain why these files were held back for so long,' writes Dr Clarke.
'Whether secret work on UAPs continues somewhere in the British military, perhaps outsourced to another contractor, remains an intriguing and unanswered question.'
Nick Pope, a former UFO government advisor who was involved in setting up the study told MailOnline: 'The reason for the study was that while we'd been investigating UFO sightings on a case-by-case basis for decades, we'd done very little trend analysis.
'Project Condign was supposed to rectify this and be a proper intelligence assessment that would look for patterns in data we already had.
'We set the study up via an amendment to an existing defence contract, to keep it below the radar even within the MoD.
'The study was highly classified and extremely sensitive, not least because the MoD consistently told parliament, the media and the public that UFOs were of limited interest and "no defence significance".
'Our concern was that if the existence of the study became known, it would have exposed an internal position on the phenomenon that was different from our public position.'
'An advantage for the MoD in using a defence contractor was that it took much of the work outside the scope of the Freedom of Information Act, so while the final report along with a few documents about the setting up of the study have been made public, much material is exempt.'
Pope says he found the final report disappointing.
In speculating about exotic atmospheric plasma phenomena the report's author had made the classic mistake of trying to explain one mystery in terms of another, he says.
'In places it looked like a conclusion-led study where data had been used to support a personal opinion. To be fair, the problem with an intelligence study like Project Condign is that it's so secret and sensitive that those involved don't reach out to subject matter experts outside the intelligence community,' said Pope.
'Here, for example, wider consultation with the Met Office and with various other scientists and academics would have been helpful. But that's not the way things work with intelligence assessments and this is a big problem.
'The most bizarre recommendation related to the "novel military applications" that intelligence staff hoped to derive from a better understanding of the UFO phenomenon. This was essentially a reference to weaponization, including the construction of a directed energy weapon.'
WHAT MAKES SOMEONE BELIEVE IN CONSPIRACY THEORIES?
Over the course of three online-based studies, researchers at the University of Kent showed strong links between the belief in conspiracy theories and certain psychological traits.
Narcissism and self-esteem levels have a large impact on a persons belief in conspiracy theories.
The results showed that people who rated highly on the narcissism scale and who had low self-esteem were more likely to be conspiracy believers.
However, while low self-esteem, narcissism and belief in conspiracies are strongly linked, it is not clear that one - or a combination - causes the other.
But it hints at an interesting new angle to the world of conspiracy and those who reinforce belief.
There are widely believed to be three main reasons as to why people believe in conspiracy theories.
The desire for understanding and certainty - Seeking explanations for events is a natural human desire.
The desire for control and security - Conspiracy theories can give their believers a sense of control and security.
The desire to maintain a positive self-image - People who feel socially marginalised are more likely to believe in conspiracy theories and it gives them a sense of worth in the UFO community.
These three things tie in with the previously stated qualities and combine to create an avid conspiracy theorist.
Pictured is a lenticular cloud. They are typically shaped like flying saucers and can sometimes be mistaken for them in UFO sightings
Could huge, alien ‘air monsters’ live inside the clouds above the Earth?
Could huge, alien ‘air monsters’ live inside the clouds above the Earth?
Ever seen a really weird-shaped cloud? Like, one that looks like the devil or some kind of space monster?
What if it WAS a monster?
UFO sites suggest that some UFO sightings – and just really weird clouds – might in fact be soaring, vast alien monsters which fly around hundreds of miles above the Earth.
Maniacs on YouTube are WAY ahead of them, of course – with videos such as this unsettling glimpse into a world of pure madness (below).
In a blog post which makes you feel as if you’ve just accidentally ingested a vast amount of LSD, UFO Mysteries Timessuggests that the creatures even may fall to earth in the form of ‘star jelly’.
The site says, ‘So-called atmospheric monsters have been with humanity for a very long time, in fact centuries! Descriptions range from vaporous, cloud-like beings to “air whales” and “air krakens” to translucent, floating jellyfish that dip in and out of clouds with no visible means of aerodynamic propulsion.’
Nigel Watson, author of the UFO Investigations Manual, says, ‘The idea that ET type sky creatures exist in our skies was put forward by Charles Fort who was a great collector of mysteries in the early part of the 20th Century. In his book Lo! He notes:
“Unknown, luminous things, or beings, have often been seen, sometimes close to this earth, and sometimes high in the sky. It may be that some of them were living things that occasionally come from somewhere else.”
‘Arthur Conan Doyle the creator of Sherlock Holmes even penned a story in 1913 called The Horror of the Heights that imagines semi-solid sky creatures gobbling up aviators. When the hero of the story goes up to get evidence of their existence he never comes back, all that remains is a blood stained notebook that ends with the words:
“Forty-three thousand feet. I shall never see earth again. They are beneath me, three of them. God help me; it is a dreadful death to die!”
‘Ufologist, Trevor Constable, pioneered the photography of UFOs using infrared film during the 1960s. He considered UFOs to be biological beings, which live in the sky. As they come closer to Earth, they become more visible and they can fire bolts of lightning to defend themselves. In his 1958 book They Live in the Sky he says these creatures are invisible to our eyes, but infrared film can capture images of them as they fly above us. Today, some ufologists have adapted video cameras to capture infrared images of UFOs.’
‘Perhaps there are luminous or ‘invisible’ jelly-fish like creatures that inhabit our skies, I’m not totally convinced but it is a fascinating theory that makes a change from starships loaded with anal probing aliens.’
Declassified CIA Documents Suggest The Nazis Successfully Built UFOs
Declassified CIA Documents Suggest The Nazis Successfully Built UFOs
What exactly are UFOs?
We understand the definition as unidentified flying objects.
That definition does not mean that UFOs are vehicles from otherworldly civilizations.
They are, as their definition describes not identified and could, therefore, be the result of manmade technology.
Bear with me for a second and think about Nazi Germany and their extensive search for technology that would give them the upper hand in the war.
The technological capacity of Nazi Germany is something that has never been questioned.
However, not only did they have state-of-the-art battle tanks, rockets, and other sorts of weapons. According to a series of war documents, Hitler’s engineers even built flying saucers and strange aerial vehicles described as”light balls” that had the capacity to fly and follow allied fighters to deconcentrate them during the flight.
It’s not a mystery that the Nazi’s searched even the most remote places on Earth for devices, ancient manuscripts describing paranormal energies, and places that would help them in their ultimate goal: World domination.
Some declassified documents exist claiming that the Germans created airplanes shaped like a flying saucer and even incandescent flying spheres to disconcert allied pilots during the war.
Their ultimate goal was to create flying saucers. UFOs.
When speaking about the Nazis, their quest for paranormal technologies and Nazi UFO’s we encounter a lot of skepticism, so I want to be as though as possible when describing these mysterious crafts.
The Nazi UFO, fact or fiction?
“[Italian researcher] Renato Vesco argued that Germans had developed antigravity. The disc-shaped and tubular craft were built and tested near the end of the Second World War, which, he argued, was the proper explanation of foo fighters. These concepts, he maintained, were developed by the Americans and Soviets and led directly to flying saucers.”
The Nazi UFOs also referred to in German as Haunebu, Hauneburg-Geräte, or Reichsflugscheiben) are supposed advanced aircraft or spacecraft that were allegedly developed by Nazi Germany during World War II.
These technologies and super-crafts appear in a number of conspiracy theories. They usually appear in connection with esoteric Nazism, an ideology that involves Nazi recovery for supernatural or paranormal purposes.
Many authors have made a historic connection with Nazi Germany, their exploratory missions around the globe, and these fascinating UFOs.
Several authors maintain that Nazi Germany explored the territory of New Swabia in Antarctica, where it sent an expedition in 1938, and planned further excursions, and even created a secret base, where many Nazi leaders fled to, after the second world war.
Nazi Flying discs? Fact or fiction?
Nazi Germany investigated advanced propulsion technologies, including missile and powerful turbines developed by Viktor Schauberger.
Some UFO sightings during World War II, particularly those known as “foo fighters”, were considered enemy weapons. Allied forced though, on numerous occasions, that the so-called Foo Fighters were, in fact, Nazi secret weapons.
But all of this sounds like one massive conspiracy, without any solid evidence to back up ‘wild claims’.
Luckily there is one reference of a few scientists who admitted working on UFOs.
Written on March 24-25, 1950, the text detailing secretive technologies was published on the Italian daily “Il Giornale d’Italia”:
“…types of flying discs were designed and studied in Germany and Italy as early as 1942”.
Belluzzo also expressed the opinion that “some great power is launching discs to study them”.
Soon after Belluzzo wrote about advanced turbines, German scientist Rudolph Schriever admitted to having developed flying saucers during the Nazi period. In an interview with German news magazine Der Spiegel, Schriever claimed that he had designed a craft powered by a circular plane of rotating turbine blades 49 ft (15 m) in diameter.
During the 1950’s, a lot of different countries were into the whole Flying saucer thing, and apparently many countries wanted to develop their very own flying saucer.
A diagram of Belluzzo’s UFO.
In 1953, Avro Canada announced that it was developing the VZ-9-AV Avrocar, a circular jet aircraft which could reach a speed of 1,500 mph (2,400 km/h) Soon after the announcement by Avro Canada, German engineer Georg Klein claimed that such designs had been developed during the Nazi era.
Klein even went on and identified two types of supposed German flying disks:
A non-rotating disk developed at Breslauby V-2 rocket engineer Richard Miethe, which was eventually captured by the Soviets, while Miethe fled to the US via France, and ended up working for Avro.
A disk developed by Rudolf Schriever and Klaus Habermohl at Prague, which consisted of a ring of moving turbine blades around a fixed cockpit. Klein claimed that he had witnessed this craft’s first manned flight on 14 February 1945, when it managed to climb to 12,400 m (40,700 ft) in 3 minutes and attained a speed of 2,200 km/h (1,400 mph) in level flight.
“The “flying saucer” reached an altitude of 12,400 meters within 3 minutes and a speed of 2,200 kilometers per hour. Klein emphasized that in accordance with German plans, the speed of these “saucers” would reach 4,000 kilometers per hour. One difficulty, according to Klein, was the problem of obtaining the materials to be used for the construction of the “saucers,” but even this had been solved by German engineers toward the end of 1945, and construction on the objects was scheduled to begin, Klein added.
We cannot speak about flying saucers, mysterious spacecraft, and advanced technology without mentioning Hermann Oberth, the founding father of rocketry and astronautics. Oberth said:
“It is my thesis that flying saucers are real and that they are space ships from another solar system. I think that they possibly are manned by intelligent observers who are members of a race that may have been investigating our Earth for centuries.”
When the Juno spacecraft recently flew over the poles of Jupiter, researchers were astonished. This 5-minute video from NASA explores the latest discoveries.
NASA’s Juno mission launched on August 5, 2011, traveled 1.74 billion miles (2.8 billion km) and entered Jupiter’s orbit on July 4, 2016.
This new NASA ScienceCast video rounds up some of Juno’s coolest finds.
Juno’s mission is to measure Jupiter’s composition, gravity field, magnetic field, and polar magnetosphere. It’s also searching for clues about how the planet formed, including whether it has a rocky core; how much water there is within the deep atmosphere; and Jupiter’s deep winds, which can reach speeds up to 384 miles per hour (618 km per hour).
Earth will pass between Jupiter and the sun this week! That means we’re now in the middle of the best time of year to see the planet. Learn more – including how to spot Jupiter – at EarthSky’s Tonight page.
Bottom line:NASA video describes the newest science from the Juno mission to Jupiter.
A cloudless exoplanet has become a benchmark for astronomers to gauge sodium content in alien worlds.
Sodium chloride (table salt) crystal.
Image credits Amanda Slater / Flickr.
An international team of astronomers, led by researchers from the University of Exter, has uncovered one far-off world that will help us better understand the chemical make-up of planets beyond our solar system. Dubbed WASP-96b, this ‘hot Saturn’ planet is completely devoid of clouds — making it an ideal subject for astronomers trying to determine its atmospheric composition.
Peering through the 8.2-meter lens of ESO’s aptly named Very Large Telescope in Chile, the team observed WASP-96b as it was transiting in front of its host star. This method of study is the bread and butter of astronomers studying far-off planets. By measuring the dip in starlight incoming to Earth while this transit takes places, they can determine the planet’s size. By looking at its spectral emissions — carried to us by the photons passing through the atmosphere — they can gauge the chemical make-up of the planet’s gaseous cover.
Spectral emissions are like fingerprints for atoms since each element and isotope has its own signature — a characteristic astronomers are more than happy to exploit when pointing their instruments at far-off celestial objects. WASP-96b’s spectrum showed the complete signature of sodium, the team writes, which is only observable in atmospheres completely devoid of clouds.
Reflections so dium you can see everything!
Just like an individual’s fingerprints are unique, atoms and molecules have a unique spectral characteristic that can be used to detect their presence in celestial objects. The spectrum of WASP-96b shows the complete fingerprint of sodium, which can only be observed for an atmosphere free of clouds. The finding is especially exciting for astronomers, who have long suspected that hot, gas-giant exoplanets harbor sodium — but have never actually had any proof to back their suspicion.
On first glance, WASP-96b doesn’t seem very special. It’s a gas giant, very similar to Saturnin mass, but about 20% larger than Jupiter, set to a simmery 1300°K (~1027°C or 1900°F). It’s about 980 light-years away from Earth, in the Phoenix constellation, and orbits a pretty-much sun-like star. Here is a visualization of it transiting in front of its host, put together by co-author Ernst de Mooij:
Spectral emissions recorded while WASP-96b transited in front of its host star, however, made the planet’s uniqueness apparent. Based on the sodium signature observable in these records, the team found that the planet’s atmosphere is completely free of clouds. This allowed the team to measure how abundant sodium is in the atmosphere. The researchers report finding levels similar to those seen in our own Solar System.
“We’ve been looking at more than twenty exoplanet transit spectra,” said Nikolay Nikolov, paper lead author. “Until now, sodium was revealed either as a very narrow peak or found to be completely missing. This is because the characteristic ‘tent-shaped’ profile can only be produced deep in the atmosphere of the planet and for most planet clouds appear to get in the way”.
That ‘tent-shaped’ bit he mentions refers to one of the two ways emission spectra are most often represented in charts: constituted of one wiggly horizontal line (that indicates a baseline value, i.e. no emission in that segment of the spectrum), dotted here and there with ‘peaks’ or ‘spikes’ (these indicate a higher value, i.e. registerable emission in that segment of the spectrum). A ‘tent-shaped’ spike on the profile indicates strong emission in one particular wavelength interval — based on which researchers can gauge the presence of particular elements.
The presence of clouds, hazes, mists, or similar phenomena in an atmosphere has the ability to block and reflect incoming light, altering its spectral output. Sodium’s emission is especially affected, as Nikolov explains, because its profile is produced in the lower layers of the atmosphere (i.e. below clouds, hazes, or mists).
So far, WASP-96b is the only exoplanet to we’ve found with a clear sodium signature, making it ideal as a benchmark for the presence of this element in other worlds of its kind.
“WASP-96b will also provide us with a unique opportunity to determine the abundances of other molecules, such as water, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide with future observations,” adds co-author Ernst de Mooij.
Sodium is the seventh-most abundant element in the Universe, and vital to life as we know it. Organisms on Earth depend on sodium (in the form of table salt) for survival, and is widely used in industry. Knowing how to find it on other worlds from afar would thus be a great skill to have — both when looking for alien life or a nice place to settle.
The paper “An absolute sodium abundance for a cloud-free ‘hot Saturn’ exoplanet” has been published in the journal Nature.
An image in the MoD file that could be an example of the plasma giving rise to UFO sightings.
The declassified Ministry Of Defence (MOD) study into a string of UK sightings concluded it is “indisputable" they exist and said they had the ability to "hover, land, take-off, accelerate to exceptional velocities, alter their direction of travel, and vanish”.
In a bid to shake off the obvious link between the term UFO and aliens, MoD investigators labelled them "unidentified aerial phenomena" (UAP) instead.
But the conclusive findings, that something unexplained is manoeuvring in our skies, remained the same.
Named Project Condign, the major study began from the UK’s Defence Intelligence Staff (DIS) in 1996, but was not published until 2000.
However, there was then a Freedom of Information Act battle of several years before it was made public.
The official aim of the study was to establish if UAPs posed any threat to national security - and if if any science or technology found to be behind them, if that were the case, could be reverse engineered for military means.
Once released, and passed to the National Archives, the author of the report was never identified.
NATIONALARCHIVE
An extract of the report concerning a UFO sighting in Runcorn.
In the executive summary, the person wrote: "That UAP exist is indisputable.
"Credited with the ability to hover, land, take-off, accelerate to exceptional velocities and vanish, they can reportedly alter their direction of flight suddenly and clearly can exhibit aerodynamic characteristics well beyond those of any known aircraft or missile – either manned or unmanned.”
But the report stopped well short of making the jump that these could be alien crafts.
It continued: “No evidence exists to suggest that the phenomena are hostile or under any type of control, other than that of natural forces.
“There is no evidence that any UAP, seen in the UK Air Defence Region, are incursions by air-objects of any intelligent (extra-terrestrial or foreign) origin, or that they represent any hostile intent.”
Credited with the ability to hover, land, take-off, accelerate to exceptional velocities and vanish, they can reportedly alter their direction of flight suddenly and clearly.
MoD report
It actually concluded most sightings were the result of misinterpreted natural phenomena happening on Earth.
The report actually found most UAPs were either man-made vehicles with unfamiliar or abnormal features or natural, but not unusual, phenomena which has been "misunderstood by the observer" or "natural and rare phenomena”.
Some of the natural events deemed responsible were:
*Buoyant plasmas: Formed when a meteor does not fully burn up during entry to the atmosphere and remains visible to the naked eye and/or radar
*Loose plasma objects: These can create a physical field, from which light will not reflect, sometimes making them appear as "black triangular crafts" of up to hundreds of feet long - a very commonly described UFO sighting
*Plasmas affecting vehicles: Sometimes the presence of such plasmas can even cause car engines and radios to malfunction if nearby.
UFO expert Nick Pope, who investigated the phenomena for the MoD in the 1990s, said the department adopted the name UAP to ‘avoid the pop baggage’ of UFO.
He said the report, which was released 10 years ago this week, revealed the MOD’s interest in the UFO mystery was actually at odds with the department's official stance.
He said: “I think the most fascinating thing about Project Condign is this – for decades the MoD told Parliament, the media and the public that UFOs were of no defence significance and of very limited interest.
“Project Condign was a highly classified intelligence assessment of the UFO phenomenon which recommended that further study be made of aspects of the mystery that might result in ‘novel military applications’, so it’s clear that Parliament was misled.”
Playing God: Scientists Create Artificial Embryo And Successfully Insert It Into The Uterus
Playing God: Scientists Create Artificial Embryo And Successfully Insert It Into The Uterus
Genetic editing is like playing God.
A team of scientists from the University of Maastricht has developed an embryo using stem cells different from sperm and ovules and has managed to successfully transfer it to the uterus of mice. Researchers detail their study in a paper published in the journal Nature.
The researchers have managed to successfully go through the entire process for the first time ever, and hope that this work will help understand how the placenta is formed and how the embryo is implanted in the lining of the uterus.
When they are transferred in utero, the cell spheres, obtained from two types of rodent stem cell, activate adaptation mechanisms similar to those observed during implantation in the uterine wall.
While these early embryonic structures did not evolve to the state of mature embryos, they served as a model to study the development of the embryo at its inception, a stage still little understood in science.
A few days after fertilization, the mammalian ovule normally develops in a blastocyst, which corresponds to the embryo in the early stages of its development.
Artificial embryos grown in the laboratory.
It becomes a spherical structure composed of a layer of outer cells (the future placenta) that surrounds a cavity filled with fluid that contains a mass of embryonic cells.
The failure of the development of the embryo would be due to the absence of a third type of cell “that has an essential role in the structuring the embryo and is poorly produced by embryonic stem cells,” says Professor Robin Lovell-Badge.
Obtaining comparable results with human cells remains a great challenge for researchers who would like to create human embryos in this way.
However, this raises a number of ethical questions, raising doubts whether we, as a society, should venture out into the unknown.
It is also noteworthy to mention that mice and humans are very different, and this raises a number of questions like; Would a human uterus respond in the same way to these blastoids?
That’s an answer scientists are still looking for. Despite this, the discoveries it yields could potentially lead to great medical improvements.
Cloning Human Beings
Professor Nicholas Rivron of the University of Maastricht, leader of the research group, thinks that a developed embryo could be created in just three more years, however, a human embryo will take decades of tests.
“For the first time, we can study these phenomena in great detail and run drug screens to find medicines that could prevent infertility, find better contraceptives, or limit the appearance of epigenetic marks that appear in the blastocyst and lead to diseases during adult life,” Rivron told Research Gate.
“Embryos are very precious, but it is impossible to use them to detect drugs that could help with fertility without enough of them. With artificial blastocysts we can expand the numbers and eventually come to understand why some embryos are not implanted, “explains Rivron.
“I do not believe in the use of blastocysts for human reproduction. It would be to clone someone who is already alive. It is ethically very questionable, ” added Professor Rivron speaking to Mail Online.
Professor Robin Lovell-Badge of the Francis Crick Institute in London said that while development can be considered a breakthrough in science, it is a relief that cannot yet be used to create, for example, a batch of genetically identical humans. “It would even be illegal – at least in the United Kingdom – to implant embryos in a woman,” he concluded.
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Scientists Find Evidence Our Moon Has Water Below Its Surface
Scientists Find Evidence Our Moon Has Water Below Its Surface
Another unprecedented discovery has been made by scientists. According to a new study published in science advanced, experts say that in the past liquid water existed on the surface of the moon, and it exists now beneath the surface.
And while scientists didn’t go to the moon to make the discovery, they turned to a lunar meteorite that was discovered in Africa some 13 years ago.
As it turns out, this lunar meteorite contains a mineral that can ONLY form in the presence of water, meaning that there’s probably abundant water beneath the surface of the moon.
The study published in Science Advances explains how researchers uncovered traces of moganite in the lunar meteorite.
Image Credit: Shutterstock
The discovery was made by a team of Japanese scientists led by Masahiro Kayama from the Department of Earth and Planetary Materials Science at Tohoku University.
“In a moganite, there is less water, because of moganite forms from the evaporation of water. That’s the case on the surface of the moon. But in the subsurface, much water remains as ice, because it’s protected from the sunlight.”
As they have explained, moganite forms in the presence of water, which indicates there could be abundant reservoirs of water on the moon’s surface.
Itz is noteworthy to mention that the lunar meteorite, dubbed NWA2727 is the only lunar meteorite in which moganite was found by the researchers.
As for the water on the moon, astronomers argue that it may have been ‘transported0 to the moon through asteroids and comets through billions of years of impacts.
Experts note that during this period, liquid water most likely existed on the lunar surface. Eventually, it became trapped after being soaked into the surface of the moon where it cooled down. Then, another asteroid or comet impacted the moon, sending water-soaked rocks into space, and Earth.
Scientists say that the moganite did not originate on Earth because of terrestrial weathering.
Furthermore, the meteorite was discovered in Africa, in a desert which lacks water.
Now, in order to understand exactly how much water there is beneath the lunar surface, future moon missions need to be launched.
In an interview with Gizmodo, lunar geologist Noah Petro says that lunar rock samples brought back to Earth by the Apollo missions should be studied using new techniques to look for the presence of moganite.
Petro says that the discovery of moganite on the lunar meteorite shows that scientists still have a limited understanding about the surface of the moon.
In the past, lunar missions found evidence of water on the moon.
The Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite detected water in a shadowed crater near the moon’s south pole.
And India’s probe Chandrayaan-1 found evidence of water in the moon’s thin atmosphere.
However, Kayama argues that there’s still no evidence of water in the subsurface at mid and lower latitudes.
“Many people think that remote-sensing spacecraft only found the evidence of water around the poles simply because we can’t see under the surface below a few millimeters,” Kayama said. “This is the first insight into the water in the subsurface zone.”
The Shigir Idol Was Crafted By Survivors Of Last Ice Age, And Is Twice As Old As The Pyramids
The Shigir Idol Was Crafted By Survivors Of Last Ice Age, And Is Twice As Old As The Pyramids
The results of a recent study performed on the Shigir Idol—considered the OLDEST monumental art in history—and published in the scientific journal Antiquity has determined that this incredible ancient statue was carved around 11,600 years ago, by the survivors of the last Ice Age.
This makes this enigmatic idol twice as old as Egypt’s pyramids — and 6000 years older than Stonehenge.
When it was crafted, nearly twelve thousand years ago, the enigmatic Shigir Idol is believed to have stood 16 feet tall and was covered in countless ancient symbols.
Many experts around the world refer to it as the oldest piece on monumental art, and it was crafted by a mysterious people who survived the last ice age, some 12,000 years ago.
The idol was crafted from a single trunk of Larchwood and was carved into a smooth plank. Covered with intricately engraved patterns, the Shigir idol was topped with a stylized, human-like head.
The statue may have been crafted by the survivors of the last Ice Age, some 11,600 years ago.
Image Credit: Antiquity.
The enigmatic idol was discovered in Russia in 1894 in Russia and survived a number of natural disasters including several fires.
It’s actually a miracle it was found.
Experts referred to the idol as the oldest evidence of monumental art, but experts weren’t one hundred percent sure as to exactly how old it was.
According to scientists from the Russian Academy of Sciences and the University of Göttingen, a new analysis calculated that the idol is around 11,600 years ago.
What does this mean? Well, the last Ice Age ended some 11,700 years ago, which means that it was most likely crafted by people who survived the last ice age.
“Recent application of new analytical techniques has led to the discovery of new imagery on its surface and has pushed the date of the piece back to the earliest Holocene. The results of these recent analyses are placed here in the context of local and extra-local traditions of comparable prehistoric art. This discussion highlights the unique nature of the find and its significance for appreciating the complex symbolic world of Early Holocene hunter-gatherers.”
“We have to conclude hunter-gatherers had complex ritual and expression of ideas. Ritual doesn’t start with farming, but with hunter-gatherers,” Thomas Terberger said, via Science magazine, an archaeologist at the University of Göttingen in Germany and a co-author of the study.
It was reported initially that the first radiocarbon tests of the Shigir Idol revealed it was around 9,800 years old. This age caused quite a debate in the scientific community because experts refused to acknowledge that ‘hunter-gatherers’ at that time were able to create such a complex piece of art.
But the more experts dig into the matter, to more mysterious and fascinating it gets.
“The further you go inside, the older [the date] becomes—it’s very indicative some sort of preservative or glue was used” Olaf Jöris, an archaeologist at the Monrepos Archaeological Research Centre and Museum for Human Behavioural Evolution—who wasn’t involved with the study—told Science magazine.
The statue is evidence that “Early Holocene hunter-gatherers clearly inhabited a symbolic world with richer and more complex forms of artistic expression than was previously believed,” the study’s authors wrote.
18 Mysterious Satellite Images Spark Debate About Alien Symbols And Bases In Chinese Desert
18 Mysterious Satellite Images Spark Debate About Alien Symbols And Bases In Chinese Desert
They say the truth is out there.
The surface of our planet is plagued by mysterious ancient structures which date back thousands—and some even tens of thousands—of years back.
They are proof of incredibly complex ancient societies that build and erected fascinating structures without the use of modern technology.
The Nazca lines in Peru, for example, are a set of hundreds of mysterious symbols and animal figures, carved on the dry floor of the Nazca desert. No one knows for sure that they mean.
Halfway around the world, we find similar markings in Kazakhstan.
And while these ancient marvels were created thousands of years ago, satellite images have revealed modern counterparts located around the world.
This time we take a look at a remote desert in China, and wonder what on Earth do these mysterious structures and marks represent?
Some UFO experts and UFOhunters claim the mysterious marks are in fact traces of secret alien bases and secret alien symbols on Earth.
Recently, people took on Reddit to discuss 18 peculiar satellite images obtained from Google Maps.
People rushed to the topic asking what on Earth the mysterious alien-looking marks represent in the middle of China.
The images kick-started a hot debate, and several users wondered whether the Chinese Government, together with other world powers could be communicating with extraterrestrial entities, or even making use of technology not from Earth.
The topic on Reddit accumulated a wealth of comments:
“There’s no doubt governments are aware of this if it’s that easy to find…but damn if that’s not interesting as hell.”
“Whatever is happening behind the scenes it’s mostly just the masses that are being kept in the dark, the major governments and key players (especially in high military circles and intelligence agencies – possibly also some political players) all know what’s up.”
“Nowadays I’m kinda’ doubting that we ever made ET contact. IMO they just made some crazy discovery in quantum mechanics post WWII and kept it covered up. Or maybe the Nazis knew how to make UFO’s, then made them for us when we got their scientists.”
“I’d say if extraterrestrial contact has been made or their tech has been salvaged and reverse engineered, it’s likely that at least all major players (US, Russia, China, possibly Germany, France, UK…) and likely various minor players, have access to that tech and have had ET contact.”
And most commentators agreed on Reddit that there’s something going on behind the scenes. Something that society isn’t aware of. Something that is not only present in China but other parts of the world.
Another user wrote on Reddit: “I’d say if extraterrestrial contact has been made or their tech has been salvaged and reverse engineered, it’s likely that at least all major players (US, Russia, China, possibly Germany, France, UK…..) and likely various minor players, have access to that tech and have had ET contact. Whatever is happening behind the scenes it’s mostly just the masses that are being kept in the dark, the major governments and key players (especially in high military circles and intelligence agencies – possibly also some political players) all know what’s up.”
Check out the images:
So, what’s your pick?
Are these mysterious symbols some sort of alien code? Are the satellite images evidence of secret bases?
Secret Alien bases perhaps?
Or are we looking at just another military installation, constructed in a remote area to hide from curious eyes?
Some users on Reddit argue that the curious ‘alien’ mars are nothing more than markings for calibration and testing of spy satellites.
Seems like a plausible explanation, what do you think?
In an astonishing find, conspiracy theorists have come up with another UFO sighting where alien hunters have spotted mysterious triangular-shaped spacecraft travelling through the bolt of lightning. The alleged alien spacecraft is following the path of lighting with ease. Conspiracy theorists say that it cannot be human spacecraft as the object travelled through lightning and only extraterrestrial life source could have made such spacecraft.
Youtuber ‘Secoreteam10’ that constantly posts about alien findings and UFO sightings has also uploaded a video of the mysterious sighting where one can clearly see that a triangular shaped object is flying through the lightning. The Youtuber claims that either the alien spacecraft was using the light as its path or it came near lightning bolt to harvest the energy using the advanced techniques. Conspiracy theorists believe that the alien creatures are very advanced when compared to humans and have also decoded how to access massive energy stored in the lightning bolt.
Soon after uploading the video, it went viral on the social media and received thousands of likes and shares. The video received over 225,000 views on Youtube in less than 24 hours. In the video, the uploader has paused the video and zoomed the image to make it easy for viewers to see the mysterious object. He has also enhanced the image to increase the visibility of the UFO.
Search for alien life has gained pace in recent times and space agencies are working hard to find the proof of extraterrestrial life. Meanwhile, a team of scientists from the Plymouth University believes that we should take help of artificial intelligence to find the alien life. According to researchers, artificial intelligence has witnessed rapid developments and it can help us in predicting the probability of life on other planets.
For the study, scientists have harnessed the power of artificial intelligence and artificial neural networks (ANNs) to classify planets into five types, based on the likelihood of supporting extraterrestrial life. Based on these groups, scientists will further conduct interstellar missions to find the alien life.
Lead study author Mr Christopher Bishop explains that planets in all the five groups have an atmosphere and possibility of life. Some planets are very similar to present day earth and are present in Goldilocks zone while some are more like Mars and Venus.
Mr Bishop comments, “We’re currently interested in these ANNs for prioritising exploration for a hypothetical, intelligent, interstellar spacecraft scanning an exoplanet system at range.”
He adds, “We’re also looking at the use of large area, deployable, planar Fresnel antennas to get data back to Earth from an interstellar probe at large distances. This would be needed if the technology is used in robotic spacecraft in the future.”
In addition, Extraterrestrial beings might soon make them known on Earth, according to an author and a conspiracy theorist named Graham Hancock. In fact, in an exclusive interview with a conspiracy theorist Graham Hancock, he has clearly mentioned that sightings have increased at a dramatic rate. He compared Earth with a large planet-sized lab for the aliens who might not be hostile. Aliens are believed to have advanced technology to travel massive distances and sophisticated technology and gadgets that are so advanced, they could wipe out the humanity in a blink of an eye.
Graham also hinted towards a possible treaty signed between world leaders on Earth and the extraterrestrial beings as per which, the aliens will make them known to the humanity in next fifteen years when the treaty ends. He believes that since we are still alive, there are chances that the aliens around us are peacefully and just want to connect with humans to offer their piece of technology rather than destroying the humans which is a strongly believed notion.
700,000-Year-Old Stone Tools Point To A Mystery Human Ancestor In The Philippines
700,000-Year-Old Stone Tools Point To A Mystery Human Ancestor In The Philippines
A mysterious human ancestor existed in the Philippines some 700,000 years ago, and used relatively advanced tools to butcher rhinos, experts have found.
The discovery of a new set of tools and other pieces of evidence has revealed that ancient human relatives lived in parts of South East Asia hundreds of thousands of years earlier than experts believed possible.
Researchers uncovered traces of more than 50 stone tools and a nearly complete rhino skeleton bearing clear marks of having been butchered in the distant past.
According to experts, the rhinoceros skeleton dates back 709,000 years.
The butchered rhino.
Image Credit: University of Wollongong,
The discovery comes as a surprise as previously, the earliest evidence of human habitation in the region—to the north of Luzon Island—had been a small foot bone found in a cave, dating back around 70,000 years.
Finding evidence of human occupation 700,000 years ago is a history-changer.
The tools discovered by experts consist of 49 sharp-edged stone flakes, six cores, and two pieces which are believed to be hammer stones.
Furthermore, scientists also discovered a number of skeletons at the site, including that of a Stegodon, brown deer, freshwater turtle, and monitor lizard.
However, the rhino skeleton was the most interesting.
Experts say that many of the rhino’s bones had clear traces of cuts consistent with butchering, and various bones had marks as if they were hit with a hammerstone.
This is very interesting.
However, even or fascinating is the fact that experts say that humans didn’t make the tools—and no, they weren’t made by aliens either.
Part of the stone tools discovered by experts in the Philippines.
So if it wasn’t humans, who created the tools?
Scientists say that a close human ancestor crafted the tools, and the fact that they existed in the Philippines some 700,000 years ago means that we need to reconsider how and when humans and other hominins spread through the vast territories of South East Asia.
As noted by archaeologists Gerrit van den Bergh from the University of Wollongong in Australia, these mysterious hominins most likely spread across the area in a number of different migratory waves throughout various millennia.
Van den Bergh also believes that these mystery humans most likely traveled from north to south, from China and Taiwan, and not from West to East, from Borneo or Palawan through Indonesia, using ocean currents and settling as they went.
The rhino’s bones (pictured) have cut marks showing evidence the animal was butchered in the distant past.
Image Credit: Thomas Ingicco, Mission Marche aux Philippines.
Interestingly, van den Bergh believes that this curious migration may have taken human ancestors on the Indonesian Island of Flores, giving rise to the mysterious Homo floresiensis species, akathe “Hobbit,” because of their relatively small stature.
Previously experts have found traces of ancient humans dating back 700,000 years on the Indonesian island of Java. Furthermore, Homo floresiensis ancestors have been found on Flores from around the same time.
Previous theories proposed by experts suggested that early hominids did not have the ability to craft boats, meaning that they could not have traveled by water in order to reach Luzon and the other islands separated from the mainland by deep oceans.
However, discoveries are changing what we thought about early humans and their capabilities.
“If you look at the fossil and recent faunas you see that there is an impoverishment as you go from north to south. On Luzon, you find fossils of stegodons, elephants, giant rats, rhino, deer, large reptiles and a type of water buffalo.
“On Sulawesi, the fossil fauna is already impoverished; there’s no evidence of rhinos or deer ever entering there. Then on Flores, you only had stegodons, Komodo dragons, humans and giant rats, that’s all,”van den Bergh said.
“If animals did reach these islands by chance, by entering the sea and following the currents south, then you would expect the further south you go the fewer species you would find – and that’s what we see.”
Who exactly these hominins were, remains a profound mystery, and we will probably never know unless we discover remains of the species in order to study them.
Some experts hint, they may have been the mysterious Denisovans.
“There’s a lot of focus again in the islands of South East Asia because they are places where you find natural experiments in hominin evolution. That’s what makes Flores unique, and now Luzon is another place we can start looking for fossil evidence,” van den Bergh said.
Bevatten duizend jaar oude manuscripten bewijs voor Planeet X? Deze wetenschappers zijn iets op het spoor
Bevatten duizend jaar oude manuscripten bewijs voor Planeet X? Deze wetenschappers zijn iets op het spoor
Oude manuscripten van de Angelsaksen bevatten mogelijk bewijs voor de mysterieuze Planeet X. Dat zeggen wetenschappers van de Queen’s University in Belfast.
Experts zijn van mening dat afbeeldingen van kometen die dateren uit de middeleeuwen aanwijzingen bevatten voor het hemellichaam.
Sommige astronomen zijn van mening dat de planeet, die 10 keer zo zwaar zou zijn als de aarde, het vreemde gedrag van verre objecten in ons zonnestelsel kan verklaren.
Mysterie
Onderzoekers denken dat de oude afbeeldingen van de Angelsaksen in combinatie met moderne wetenschappelijke technieken kunnen worden gebruikt om de effecten van Planeet X te onderzoeken.
De wetenschappers combineren gegevens die Angelsaksen hebben verzameld over kometen met beelden die de NASA en andere ruimteagentschappen hebben gemaakt van de ruimterotsen.
Op deze manier hopen ze het mysterie rond de planeet verder te kunnen ontrafelen.
Onontdekte planeet
De oudste beschrijving van een komeet in Engeland dateert van 891, toen Alfred de Grote aan de macht was.
Astronomen zijn van mening dat de omloopbaan van een aantal kometen in het buitenste deel van het zonnestelsel wordt beïnvloed door een nog onontdekte planeet.
Deze planeet, ook wel Planeet X of Planeet Negen genoemd, zou pakweg vier keer zo groot zijn als de aarde.
Grote impact
De planeet zou 10.000 tot 20.000 jaar nodig hebben voor een rondje om de zon.
“Het is fantastisch om duizend jaar oude gegevens te gebruiken om een nieuwe theorie te kunnen onderzoeken,” zei dr. Pedro Lacerda. “Dit is voor mij één van de meest fascinerende aspecten van ons project.”
“Elke sterke aanwijzing dat een ‘Planeet Negen’ nodig is om de waarnemingen van kometen in de middeleeuwen te kunnen verklaren, zal zeker een grote impact hebben op onze kijk op het zonnestelsel,” voegde hij toe.
GettyDe sarcofaag van Toetanchamon in diens grafkamer (archiefbeeld).
Onderzoek door een team Italiaanse archeologen heeft uitgewezen dat er geen verborgen kamers bestaan in het graf van Toetanchamon. Dat heeft de Egyptische minister van Oudheden vandaag meegedeeld.
“Onderzoek met scanners en detectoren binnenin het graf hebben aangetoond dat er geen kamers of sporen van deurkaders of drempels aanwezig zijn”, zei Mostafa Waziri in een communiqué van het ministerie van Oudheden. De nieuwe bevindingen spreken de theorie tegen over het bestaan van gangen of kamers naast of in het graf van Toetanchamon, klinkt het.
De Britse egyptoloog Nicholas Reeves had eerder gezegd dat een gedetailleerd onderzoek van foto’s en scans van de noordelijke grafmuur suggereerde dat er een verborgen opening was die naar een andere kamer leidde. Reeves vermoedde dat in de verborgen kamer het graf van Nefertiti, de vrouw van Toetanchamons vader farao Achnaton, zou bevatten.
Uniek graf
Toetanchamon was een van de laatste farao’s van de 18e dynastie van Oud Egypte. Hij stierf op 19-jarige leeftijd onder mysterieuze omstandigheden. Zijn graf, dat in 1922 werd ontdekt, was omwille van zijn rijkelijke inhoud een unieke vondst onder de faraonische graven in de Vallei van de Koningen in Luxor. In tegenstelling tot andere graven was het niet systematisch geplunderd in vroegere tijden.
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Disclosure has already happened only you do not recognize it!
Disclosure has already happened only you do not recognize it!
Sometimes you questioning yourself why technology has made such a big leap in the past 20 years, like computers, smartphones, world wide web, wireless communication and other similar technologies, well this document may provides the answer to that question.
Image: Alien Artifact with Alien Symbols.
People always ask when the American government will make an official statement about the existence of extraterrestrial life and UFOs but in fact disclosure has already happened.
Every day you are using and working with alien technology only you do not recognize it as alien technology and certainly the younger people who are growing up with these technologies experience it as ‘Normal’.
Image: Alien Artifact with Alien Symbols.
An interesting declassified document ‘Commercial applications research for Extraterrestrial Technology from Palo Alto, CA Research Facility’ which you can get on CIA website from a FOIA request (Filthstep Productions International, Apr 8, 2018) shows extremely detailed images of alien artifacts, anti-gravity generators, self-running, self-executed computer programs.
Below is a summary from the document:
Some key subjects, all of which were based on artifacts of extraterrestrial origin obtained from crash site recovery operations conducted during the last two decades are:
Personal antigravity generator (so-named for its small, portable size).
Three-dimensional image recorder/projector.
Complex systems of alien symbols and geometric constructs capable of both defining the functionality of certain artifacts as well as manipulating their behavior crudely analogous to a computer programming language, but without the need for a compilation or interpretation phase.
They aim to translate personal antigravity into a product-oriented EP capable of direct application within the consumer market, but they want to start with downgraded versions of the original technology to soften the impact on integration.
This document not only is a confirmation that UFOs have been crashed on Earth, they have collected much material and information from the crashed UFOs; which they have translated into new secret projects as well as they have put some of these technologies in the consumer market, but as the document reads, they bring it slowly and phase by phase.
High Speed UFO emerging from the sea during Thunderstorm
High Speed UFO emerging from the sea during Thunderstorm
On May 5, 2018 the witness filmed a thunderstorm/lightning over Saulkrasti, Latvia with his Sony rx100V HFR 500fps when he captured a black object that suddenly emerged from the sea (Golf of Liga) flying upwards at high speed until it disappears in the clouds.
The Golf of Liga is connected to the Baltic Sea known for its multiple UFO sightings as well as the Baltic Sea Anomaly.
NADEREND MINI-ZONNESTELSEL DOET AARDKORST VAN BINNENUIT BARSTEN ( VIDEO )
NADEREND MINI-ZONNESTELSEL DOET AARDKORST VAN BINNENUIT BARSTEN ( VIDEO )
Ongeacht welk vreemd verschijnsel zich voordoet op aarde, binnen de kortste keren hebben de mainstream media er een verklaring voor en iedereen is weer gerust gesteld.
Vreemde luchten en ontzettend heftige aardveranderingen zijn geen normale zaken en niet alleen onze planeet heeft daar mee te maken.
Wanneer mensen vreemde luchten waarnemen, dan wordt er al snel geprobeerd daar een “logische verklaring” voor te vinden. Voor zelfs de meest bizarre wolkenformaties worden dan snel wat namen bedacht en de mensheid is weer gerust gesteld, want alles is weer normaal.
Maar, dat is het niet. Al die vreemde en bizarre verschijnselen in de lucht waar wij de afgelopen jaren over hebben geschreven zijn alles behalve normaal.
Het is niet alleen op aarde, maar door het gehele zonnestelsel dat er dingen gebeuren met andere planeten die erop wijzen dat er grote ongeziene krachten aan het werk zijn.
Ook de zon gedraagt zich vreemd en afwijkend zoals we enkele dagen geleden hebben kunnen zien en vertoont op dit moment geen enkele activiteit op het gebied van zonnevlekken, hoewel dit volgens de computermodellen wel degelijk het geval had moeten zijn.
Hoelang zal de mensheid nog kunnen blijven ontkennen dat er “iets” uit de ruimte op ons af komt en dat dit hetgeen is dat verantwoordelijk is voor de steeds heftiger wordende aardveranderingen.?
Zoals wij regelmatig schrijven, zijn er steeds meer mensen die objecten waarnemen en/of vastleggen in de buurt van onze zon.
Zoals een lezer (dank!) die het volgende schreef:
Ik had enige tijd geleden een filmpje gemaakt van de zon, omdat ik een tweede zon/planeet zag. Hieronder het filmpje en ben benieuwd wat jullie ervan vinden. Het filmpje speelt zich af in Xanten.
Jullie kunnen een tweede zon/planeet waarnemen als jullie inzoomen links naast de zon.
Hier volgt het filmpje zelf, waarop het een beetje moeilijk is te zien, vandaar de uitvergroting.
Het volgende plaatje geeft een globaal overzicht van de symptomen die wij hier op aarde meemaken door de nadering van dit mini zonnestelsel.
Het lijkt alsof er enorme krachten binnenin de aarde werkzaam zijn een uitweg zoeken naar de oppervlakte.
De recente zware aardbeving op Hawaii en de plotselinge vulkanische activiteiten wordt door het Smithsonian Institute als volgt omschreven:
Hawaii’s Kilaue volcano craks open earth.
En dat is wat er de gebeurt, de aarde wordt letterlijk opengespleten zoals we dat recent ook hebben gezien in Afrika, waar zelfs een heel deel van het continent dreigt af te breken.
Het is iedere keer hetzelfde verhaal: verbaasde mensen die zich niet kunnen voorstellen wat er gebeurt.
Zoals staat in de kop van een artikel bij de NOS:“We dachten dat het gevaar van vulkaan op Hawaii te verwaarlozen was”.
En nooit of te nimmer, waar dan ook in de mainstream media, wordt er een verband gelegd tussen de fenomenale hoeveelheden vreemde en ongewone dingen die op onze planeet plaatsvinden. Keer op keer opnieuw wordt iedere gebeurtenis als een afzonderlijke gezien en worden mensen met een kluitje het riet in gestuurd.
En dat is wat dat de mensheid uiteindelijk zal opbreken omdat ze totaal onvoorbereid zijn op de dingen die gaan komen.
Recentelijk gebeurde er ook al andere bijzonder vreemde dingen op Hawaii waarover Tyler van Secureteam een video heeft gemaakt:
Cotton experiments get the green light to head onboard the International Space Station, the Galileo spacecraft sheds light on Jupiter's moon Ganymede decades after its voyage and four planets light up the night sky in the month of May. These are just some of this week's top stories at Space.com.
Photo Credit: Ben Smegelsky/NASA
1. A west coast kind of launch.
This Saturday (May 5), NASA's InSight lander became the first interplanetary mission to launch from the west coast of the United States. Also known as the Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport lander, this mission to Mars is designed to study the planet's tectonic activity. InSight is scheduled to arrive at the Red Planet in November.
Saturn, Venus, Jupiter and Mars are visible now and all you need is a curious disposition. The ringed planet shines in the late evening skies, followed by Mars. After sunset, watch out for shiny Venus. Jupiter is visible all night this month, too.
Photo Credit: Commonwealth of Australia, Department of Defence
3. Preventing combat in space.
While some international treaties include laws about the use of force in outer space, they are unclear and provide little regulation. Legal experts are now developing a manual detailing how laws on Earth could be applicable to contentious scenarios where surveillance and communications satellites, for example, become attractive targets in potential warfare of the future.
The GRACE spacecraft operated well beyond its planned five-year mission, and its successor, GRACE-FO, launches in a few weeks. Both mission are joint projects of NASA and the GFZ German Research Center for Geosciences in Potsdam, Germany, and were designed to study how melting polar ice affects sea levels. GRACE-FO, also known as the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On, will map changes in water and ice by detecting differences in Earth's gravity.
Long ago, the moon may have been home to a subsurface magma flow. In a new study, two researchers suggest that a gooey interior between the moon's crust and its core could have triggered the ancient moon's lunar magnetic field.
Jupiter is home to the largest moon in the entire solar system, Ganymede. Jupiter gives off radiation, and scientists recently used data from the Galileo spacecraft to do a fresh take of how plasma moves between the moon and the gas giant, a phenomenon which causes bright auroras at Ganymede's polar caps. Scientists also want to use this data to learn more about the existence of subsurface oceans on Ganymede.
Private spaceflight company Blue Origin recently launched its New Shepard 2.0 passenger vehicle on a test flight over the skies of West Texas. The April 29 launch marked the second successful flight of the company's New Shepard program, and this trip carried a dummy and a few NASA science experiments onboard.
Researchers recently spotted helium in the atmosphere of a scorching planet around a distant star. This is the first time the element has been observed around an exoplanet, and although early models predicted that helium should be among the most easily detectable elements in their atmospheres, it has remained unseen until now.
The heat shield for NASA's Mars 2020 rover mission cracked during a weeklong test, according to the space agency. The damage occurred to the shield's outer edge, as the tests produced forces about 20 percent greater than what it would experience as the mission enters Mars' atmosphere. Fortunately, this incident won't seem to cause a launch date delay.
The Cotton Sustainability Challenge short-listed three new projects to operate on the International Space Station, with a goal of generating solutions for cotton production's high environmental cost. The Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS) announced the projects on Tuesday (April 24), which feature techniques like sequencing the genetic expression of cotton cultivars grown in the absence of gravity.
Lenticular UFO clouds over Perthshire, Scotland. Photograph: Murdo MacLeod for the Guardian
It was 1997, the 50th anniversary of the suspected flying saucer crash at Roswell in New Mexico, and the heyday of the paranormal mystery series The X-Files. The English-speaking world was gripped by UFO-mania. But what seemed a delightful mystery to some was becoming a headache for the spooks at Britain’s Defence Intelligence Staff.
Analysts at the DI55 office, the department lumbered with the UFO brief, were being peppered with requests from ufologists – and even parliamentary questions – for information on flying saucers, taking up time they felt would be better spent on terrestrial defence matters. So top brass decided to undertake a definitive study of the unit’s collection of reported UFO sightings to establish, once and for all, whether there was anything in them.
Previously unseen documents reveal that, far from being an objective study into the possibility of extraterrestrial visitors, the report was intended from the start to absolve the Ministry of Defence of responsibility for investigating sightings. Messages between officials at DIS and the contractor carrying out the research show that it focused from the outset only “on the possible threat to the UK [from hostile foreign powers] and technology acquisition” and not “X-Files activities such as alien abductions”. A separate memo says: “It shouldn’t be driven by a UFO thesis.”
The study replaced one mystery with another after its author determined that the UFO sightings were a result of unexplained plasma formations in the atmosphere. Nevertheless, DI55 announced afterwards that it would no longer accept UFO reports.
The documents show the deliberations behind the research, which began in 1997 and collated the previous decade’s worth of UFO sightings – known in the technical jargon of DIS as unidentified aerial phenomena (UAPs) – in a database. The identities of all the officers involved in the conversation, which lasted several years, are redacted. Many other excerpts are blacked out, with exemptions cited including risks to national security and international relations.
“The increasing media attention given to this subject in recent months has almost doubled the work of the desk officers involved to the detriment of other tasks more directly relevant to the work of the branch,” one memo says, adding that it was now time to “reappraise the situation” and clarify DIS’s role in the issue.
Officials complain about the cost in time and money of investigating sightings and responding to questions. “The problem is unlikely to subside, especially as the US brings into service over the next decade high flying capabilities such as Global Star, Dark Star, the X-33 and, should it come to fruition, the manned spaceplane,” writes one senior officer. “Other nations will follow, especially with UAVs [unmanned aerial vehicles], which may permit risk-taking in unauthorised penetrations of airspace.”
Other correspondents remained open-minded, with one arguing that in the absence of analysis “we can not discount the possibility that UAPs are real” or that they could be natural phenomena but with “possible military applications”. “It could be argued that UAPs pose a potential threat to the defence of the realm since we have no idea what they are,” the writer continues.
It emerges that the analyst commissioned to write the report had a personal interest in the subject. Pointing out that the same UFO questionnaire had been in use since the 1950s, he notes: “I filled one in myself after a sortie when flying in the RAF at the time.” The author adds that he wishes to keep a low profile for fear that the media “would undoubtedly link [this work] with my other known activities on SDI [strategic defence initiative, better known as the Star Wars project], BM [ballistic missile] defence etc.”
What becomes clear from the files is a fear among officials of further inciting UFO-mania. “We need to be very careful about expanding ‘UFO’ business and thereby sending the public a misleading message about the extent of the MoD’s interest,” says one memo.
Another says: “Keep the classification low – I suggest restricted – in order not to put it in the public domain but at the same time prevent the criticism that MoD is hiding something under the cloak of secrecy.”
The report was completed in 2000 and duly discounted the possibility of alien spaceships over the UK, giving DI55 the grounds it needed to no longer accept reports of sightings. But what DIS did next could only fuel the imagination of conspiracy theorists. It destroyed the files on which the report was based, and even the database in which they had collated for analysis.
David Clarke, a research fellow and lecturer in journalism at Sheffield Hallam University and a specialist in modern folklore, obtained the files from the MoD after a freedom of information battle. “They always say that the public gets the wrong idea about UFOs, but they’ve actually encouraged that themselves by destroying the files. They’ve actually encouraged conspiracy theorists through their own paranoia,” he said.
The MoD does not officially respond to queries relating to UFOs. It closed its UFO desk in 2009 after it was decided it served no defence purpose and that it took staff away from more valuable defence-related activities.
NASA's InSight Mars lander is a stationary probe designed to study the interior of the Red Planet. It will be a stationary mission, not like NASA's famous Opportunity, Spirit and Curiosity rovers,. Staying in place is necessary for its major science goals, which include learning more about the Martian composition, and how tectonically active Mars is. The mission will also be notable for its CubeSats, which will be the first time such tiny spacecraft fly beyond Earth.
InSight launched toward Mars on May 5, 2018, from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, on an Atlas V vehicle from United Launch Alliance. If successful, the mission will land on Nov. 26, 2018, at the Martian Elysium Planitia, an equatorial zone just south of an ancient volcanic area. InSight will send back data about the Red Planet's interior for about 1 Mars year, or 728 Earth-days (a little more than two Earth years). You can see launch photos here.
This artist's concept from August 2015 depicts NASA's InSight Mars lander fully deployed for studying the deep interior of Mars.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
InSight is short for a rather lengthy name: Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport. The mission has a total cost of $814 million, NASA officials have said.
Brief development history
InSight was one of 28 submissions for NASA's next Discovery-class mission in 2010. This type of mission is a lower-cost explorer of the solar system. During InSight's selection round, individual proposals weren't allowed to exceed $425 million, excluding the cost of the launch vehicle.
InSight – then known as the Geophysical Monitoring Station (GEMS) – and two other finalists (Titan Mare Explorer and Comet Hopper) each received $3 million in May 2011 to perform a concept study. InSight was tapped in August 2012 for the next launch. Construction began on InSight in May 2014. Its manufacturer is Lockheed Martin Space Systems.
In December 2015, NASA announced it could not launch as planned in March 2016 because of a leak in one of the craft's instruments, the Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure (SEIS). At the time, agency officials said the mission might be removed entirely from the launch manifest. One limitation the agency cited was concern about exceeding the $675 million cost of the mission that included launch, data analyses and scientific operations. (At the time, they had spent $525 million.)
By the following fall, in September 2016, NASA announced a revised launch date for InSight. The announced delay to spring 2018 was no large surprise to the community, because the orbits of Mars and Earth only align favorably for a spacecraft flight every 26 months; outside of that window, it takes too much fuel to easily get to the Red Planet.
"The instrument redesign and two-year delay add $153.8 million" to the $675 million mission cost, NASA said in a statement. "The additional cost will not delay or cancel any current missions, though there may be fewer opportunities for new missions in future years, from fiscal years 2017-2020," it added.
InSight's landing zone is a flat stretch of the western Elysium Planitia, near the Martian equator.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
Science goals and instruments
InSight has two major science goals, according to NASA. The first is to examine the interior — what it is made of, and what processes occur. The lander will provide information on the size and composition of the Martian core, crust and mantle. It also will show "how warm the interior is and how much heat is still flowing through," NASA said. The second goal is to learn if Mars is tectonically active (including where seismic activity is located), and how frequently meteorites slam into its surface.
"Previous missions to the Red Planet have investigated its surface by studying its canyons, volcanoes, rocks and soil. But the signatures of the planet's formation can only be found by sensing and studying its vital signs far below the surface," NASA said.
InSight has three instruments that are designed to look at the deep interior of Mars and learn about the planet's geological activity, warmth and elements of its evolution, according to NASA.
The Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure (SEIS) will detect seismic waves from meteorite impacts, magma movements inside the planet, or marsquakes.
The Heat Flow and Physical Properties Probe, or HP3, will burrow about 5 meters (16 feet) into the surface. Its main job is to sense heat underground.
The Rotation and Interior Structure Experiment, or RISE, will aim to provide more information about the composition of the Martian core. It will keep careful track of where the lander is located, and from that information, discern any wobbles in the orbit of Mars as the planet orbits the sun. The composition of the core will influence the degree and type of oscillation Mars experiences.
InSight has a robotic arm that is more than 7 feet (2.4 m) long. This arm will place the seismometer and heat-flow probe on the surface for their measurements. The arm also features a camera that will take "color 3D views of the landing site, instrument placement, and activities," according to NASA. In addition, InSight has sensors to provide information on the weather, and any changes in the local magnetic field nearby the lander.
Riding along with InSight will be the first cubesats to fly beyond Earth. The experiment, which encompasses two spacecraft, is called Mars Cube One. The cubesats will fly behind InSight during its journey to Mars. NASA has named the cubesats "Wall-E" and "Eva" because they use fire extinguisher fluid as thruster propellant, just like the animated robot in Disney's "Wall-E" movie.
If successful, once InSight begins its entry into the Martian atmosphere, the cubesats will send information back to Earth about the spacecraft's last few minutes flying to the Red Planet's surface.
SCI-FI MOVIES ARE WRONG ABOUT ALIENS, E.T. HUNTER JILL TARTER SAYS
Keone Young (left) and Tommy Lee Jones holding "Spiky Bulba" in Columbia Pictures' Men in Black 3.
Credit: Wilson Webb
SCI-FI MOVIES ARE WRONG ABOUT ALIENS, E.T. HUNTER JILL TARTER SAYS
By SPACE.com Staff
Despite what the movies tell us, any aliens that visit Earth probably won't want to enslave or vaporize us, veteran E.T. hunter Jill Tarter says.
Hostile aliens abound at the multiplex these days, terrorizing our planet in films such as "Battleship" and "Men in Black 3." But science fiction is probably far from reality in its depiction of Earth-contacting extraterrestrials, said Tarter, who announced Monday (May 22) that she's retiring after spending 35 years scanning the heavens for signals from intelligent life beyond Earth.
"If aliens were able to visit Earth, that would mean they would have technological capabilities sophisticated enough not to need slaves, food or other planets," Tarter, who is stepping down as director of the Center for SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) Research at the SETI Institute in Mountain View, Calif., said in a statement.
Tarter's confidence in aliens' benign intentions puts her at odds with famed British astrophysicist Stephen Hawking, who has warned that extraterrestrial civilzations may venture our way to strip-mine our planet for resources.
Astronomer Dr. Jill Tarter, longtime director of the Center for SETI Research at the SETI Institute, and also holder of the Bernard M. Oliver Chair for SETI.
Credit: SETI
"While Sir Stephen Hawking warned that alien life might try to conquer or colonize Earth, I respectfully disagree," Tarter said. "If aliens were to come here, it would be simply to explore. Considering the age of the universe, we probably wouldn’t be their first extraterrestrial encounter, either."
Tarter, other scientists and a variety of artists and entertainers will gather next month in Santa Clara, Calif., to discuss such issues in depth. SETICon II, held June 22-24, will explore humanity's place in the universe and the future of the search for life beyond Earth, conference organizers said.
While Tarter, 68, is retiring from her long-held research role at the SETI Institute, she will continue to devote herself to the search for E.T. She'll fundraise full-time for the Institute, which had to shut down its alien-hunting Allen Telescope Array for seven months last year because of a budget shortfall.
Follow SPACE.com for the latest in space science and exploration news on Twitter @Spacedotcom and on Facebook.
MAN CAMPING IN THE DESERT AND FILMING BRIGHT UFO IN AREA 51
MAN CAMPING IN THE DESERT AND FILMING BRIGHT UFO IN AREA 51
In this curious video, a man narrates an impressive scene. During registration, this citizen who for obvious reasons does not identify himself, seems really enthusiastic while filming a well-lit and isolated area between the mountains, which the author of the record claims to be the well-known Area 51.
Area 51, as it is called the US Army base located about 130 kilometers northwest of Las Vegas, Nevada, where, according to many researchers and even ex-military, they claim to have reverse-engineered tests and experiments conducted through of UNV wreckage recovered by the military.
Satellite images of the supposed Area 51
There are reports of many underground levels where humans and aliens would be working together. It is also speculated that there are several kilometer tunnels linking the base to many distinct US locations.
The recording man says he was camping some distance from Area 51 and a few days ago he spotted some lights in the sky that went up and down and flew around the area, lights like the ones he’s showing.
Satellite images of the supposed Area 51
Suddenly the object emanating a very intense blue light began to rise slowly as the witness narrated the scene. Quickly, the UFO moves to the right and fires to and to the left at an unimaginable speed for any terrestrial technology that has news. We know that nowadays, it is very easy to create fake videos that look realistic, it is often possible to perceive and others need a deeper analysis.
In the video in question, in a brief analysis, we can see that the landscape shown in the images really matches the location. The question of brightness and audio are things to watch out for. The way the light of the object hits the mountain and illuminates it subtly and the intonation in the cameraman’s voice helps to make the footage true.
The movement of the object in a perspective issue with regard to the environment is also faithful, since with the low resolution of the registry, it is even more difficult to accurately analyze and diagnose the authenticity, in addition to the absence of more data from the witness, but it has not nothing to contradict that this video can be real. What do you think?
THIRD SNOWY PYRAMID RECENTLY DISCOVERED IN ANTARCTICA COULD REWRITE HISTORY
THIRD SNOWY PYRAMID RECENTLY DISCOVERED IN ANTARCTICA COULD REWRITE HISTORY
Though not everyone is willing to admit it, our planet is full of relics and monuments that prove Earth was once populated by extremely advanced civilizations. Point in case: the third ice-covered pyramid discovered in Antarctica!
Ever since the service was released, Google Earth been a boon not just for conspiracy theorists but also for anyone looking to uncover clues about what lies hidden beyond sight. If you need a good vantage point, you need good eyes and altitude. Satellites have both.
The latest in a group of three snow-covered pyramids was recently discovered through Google Earth satellite imagery and in a few days, the finding has taken the alternative history communities by storm. Two of the pyramids can be found approximately 10 miles inland while the third rests near the coastline.
The implications of this discovery are complex and if accepted, it could turn the scientific world on its head. No history book ever mentioned an Antarctic civilization with the skills and technology necessary to erect enormous pyramids. There is one apparent reason behind this situation and by the looks of it, it would suggest tech-savvy civilizations existed on Earth a long time before our own emerged.
Antarctica is now a frozen wasteland but it wasn’t always like this. It got to its current position through plate tectonics, inching closer to the geographic South Pole year after year. Millions of years ago, Antarctica’s climate was much warmer because its position was closer to the equator. This is established fact backed up by several accepted discoveries, not some wild speculation.
Some years ago, the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) uncovered evidence that the antarctic climate was much different in the distant past.
Go back 100 million years ago,” BAS’s Dr. Vanessa Bowman said “and Antarctica was covered in lush rainforests similar to those that exist in New Zealand today.”
Another expedition –led by NASA and involving 11 other scientific organizations– discovered out-of-place microbial life forms in the depths of Antarctica’s Lake Vida, trapped under a sheet of ice 65 feet thick. The microbial colonies had been prospering in isolation for millions of years and scientists believe they are the descendants of microorganisms that lived in a much warmer climate. Who knows what other enigmas lay buried in ice, hopelessly waiting to be revealed.
The resemblance is unsettling.
Even with today’s technology, building structures as massive as the pyramids of Antarctica would be nearly impossible. There are simply too many problems relating to manpower and the logistics required for such a project. If building these mysterious monuments were to be a viable venture, it must have taken place in the past, when Antarctica was a favorable place for human life.
And this opens up a king-sized can of worms. The continent was habitable only in the very distant past, but mainstream science says the wheel wasn’t invented until some 6,000 years ago. At the same time, anatomically-modern humans are said to have mastered fire only 125,000 years ago. So where do these controversial pyramids fit in? Are they evidence of an ancient advanced civilization or do we need to stretch our imagination even further and regard them as proof of time travel? The mind boggles when we remain attached to our outdated beliefs.
Proponents of alternative history and fans of the ancient aliens hypothesis have no problem in accepting the parallel reality generated by such discoveries. It’s not hard to see and accept that we aren’t the first and though it may seem this way, we probably won’t be the last.
Thousands of years after they were built, we are still fascinated by the Egyptian pyramids. The monuments left behind by their society have stood the test of time and in more than one way, they’ve granted their builders immortality. Keeping that in mind, what could be said about pyramids that are millions of years old? Does that put our own lives into perspective and make us see the bigger picture?
THIRD SNOWY PYRAMID RECENTLY DISCOVERED IN ANTARCTICA COULD REWRITE HISTORY
THIRD SNOWY PYRAMID RECENTLY DISCOVERED IN ANTARCTICA COULD REWRITE HISTORY
Though not everyone is willing to admit it, our planet is full of relics and monuments that prove Earth was once populated by extremely advanced civilizations. Point in case: the third ice-covered pyramid discovered in Antarctica!
Ever since the service was released, Google Earth been a boon not just for conspiracy theorists but also for anyone looking to uncover clues about what lies hidden beyond sight. If you need a good vantage point, you need good eyes and altitude. Satellites have both.
The latest in a group of three snow-covered pyramids was recently discovered through Google Earth satellite imagery and in a few days, the finding has taken the alternative history communities by storm. Two of the pyramids can be found approximately 10 miles inland while the third rests near the coastline.
The implications of this discovery are complex and if accepted, it could turn the scientific world on its head. No history book ever mentioned an Antarctic civilization with the skills and technology necessary to erect enormous pyramids. There is one apparent reason behind this situation and by the looks of it, it would suggest tech-savvy civilizations existed on Earth a long time before our own emerged.
Antarctica is now a frozen wasteland but it wasn’t always like this. It got to its current position through plate tectonics, inching closer to the geographic South Pole year after year. Millions of years ago, Antarctica’s climate was much warmer because its position was closer to the equator. This is established fact backed up by several accepted discoveries, not some wild speculation.
Some years ago, the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) uncovered evidence that the antarctic climate was much different in the distant past.
Go back 100 million years ago,” BAS’s Dr. Vanessa Bowman said “and Antarctica was covered in lush rainforests similar to those that exist in New Zealand today.”
Another expedition –led by NASA and involving 11 other scientific organizations– discovered out-of-place microbial life forms in the depths of Antarctica’s Lake Vida, trapped under a sheet of ice 65 feet thick. The microbial colonies had been prospering in isolation for millions of years and scientists believe they are the descendants of microorganisms that lived in a much warmer climate. Who knows what other enigmas lay buried in ice, hopelessly waiting to be revealed.
The resemblance is unsettling.
Even with today’s technology, building structures as massive as the pyramids of Antarctica would be nearly impossible. There are simply too many problems relating to manpower and the logistics required for such a project. If building these mysterious monuments were to be a viable venture, it must have taken place in the past, when Antarctica was a favorable place for human life.
And this opens up a king-sized can of worms. The continent was habitable only in the very distant past, but mainstream science says the wheel wasn’t invented until some 6,000 years ago. At the same time, anatomically-modern humans are said to have mastered fire only 125,000 years ago. So where do these controversial pyramids fit in? Are they evidence of an ancient advanced civilization or do we need to stretch our imagination even further and regard them as proof of time travel? The mind boggles when we remain attached to our outdated beliefs.
Proponents of alternative history and fans of the ancient aliens hypothesis have no problem in accepting the parallel reality generated by such discoveries. It’s not hard to see and accept that we aren’t the first and though it may seem this way, we probably won’t be the last.
Thousands of years after they were built, we are still fascinated by the Egyptian pyramids. The monuments left behind by their society have stood the test of time and in more than one way, they’ve granted their builders immortality. Keeping that in mind, what could be said about pyramids that are millions of years old? Does that put our own lives into perspective and make us see the bigger picture?
This Map Lets You Travel Back In Time And See What Earth Looked Like 600 Million Years Ago
This Map Lets You Travel Back In Time And See What Earth Looked Like 600 Million Years Ago
A stunning new interactive map lets you travel back in time and see how our planet’s continents have changed through more than 600 million years.
The ancient Earth Globe lets viewers appreciate how Earth’s continents have transformed while ocean levels advanced and receded through 600 million years of our planet’s history.
The stunning map was built using research gathered by Northern Arizona University. According to one of the interactive map’s creators, a former Google engineer, it shows how humans are ‘just a blip in history.’
The stunning map allows you to travel through 600 million years of our planet’s history. To understand what occurred at a certain time, the map features a small description of the period you are currently viewing.
For example, if we decide to see what the Earth looked like 600 million years ago, the ancient Earth Globe map tells us that we are looking at the Ediacaran Period. Life is evolving in the sea, and multicellular life is just beginning to emerge.
In the menu, we can scroll through different ages. 560 million years ago, we see the Late Ediacaran. Life is evolving in the sea, and multicellular life is just beginning to emerge.
A mass extinction is about to take place, tells the map while we see an unrecognizable Earth.
500 million years ago we traveled to the Late Cambrian. The interactive map explains how the ocean is teeming with life following a dramatic expansion of animal diversity in the sea, known as the “Cambrian explosion.” The forms of some animals show ancestry to modern animals.
Traveling further in time, we decided to stop by and see how our planet looked like 430 million years ago, during the Silurian Period.
The interactive map tells us that a mass extinction took place, wiping out nearly half of marine invertebrate species. The first land plants emerge, starting at the edge of the ocean. Plants evolve vascularity, the ability to transport water and nutrients through their tissues. Ocean life becomes larger and more complex, and some creatures venture out of reefs and onto land.
300 Million years ago we arrived at the Late Carboniferous.
Plants developed root systems that allowed them to grow larger and move inland. Environments evolved below tree canopies. Atmospheric oxygen increased as plants spread on land. Early reptiles have evolved, and giant insects diversify. Earth still looks unrecognizable.
If we travel to 200 million years ago, to the Late Triassic, we see a more familiar planet, although continents we see today have still not formed.
During the Late Triassic, an extinction event is about to happen, resulting in the disappearance of 76% of all terrestrial and marine life species and significantly reducing surviving populations. Some families, such as pterosaurs, crocodiles, mammals, and fish were minimally affected.
The first true dinosaurs emerge.
Earth, 105 million years ago, during the Cretaceous period begins to take a more familiar shape. During this period, Ceratopsian and pachycephalosaurid dinosaurs evolve. Modern mammal, bird, and insect groups emerge.
20 million years ago we see planet Earth during the Neocene Period where mammals and birds continue to evolve into modern forms. Early hominids emerge in Africa.
Check out the map and enjoy scrolling through Earth’s long history.
The map offers a unique educational experience that will surely help us understand not only how continents have shifted and changed through history, but it will also help us understand how they will continue doing so.
How Would Humanity React If We Really Found Aliens?
How Would Humanity React If We Really Found Aliens?
If aliens reach out to us, what would happen first?
It’s a question that has puzzled science-fiction fans and scientists alike for decades, and we already may have a hint of how people will react. On Oct. 30, 1938, a dramatized version of the 1898 H.G. Wells novel “The War of the Worlds” played on the CBS Radio system across the United States. The story details how Martians attacked Earth.
The radio broadcast caused a reaction when people mistook it for a real radio report, but accounts vary as to how much of a reaction there was. Some accounts describe nationwide panic, while others say not very many people actually listened to the broadcast. The promise of alien life stars in Episode 1 of “AMC Visionaries: James Cameron’s Story of Science Fiction,” which debuts on AMC tonight. Still, Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) researcher Duncan Forgan told Space.com the “War of the Worlds” broadcast may be instructive to think about as SETI scientists worldwide update their “first contact” protocols.
“If you pick the right science fiction — the hard science fiction — it’s placed in the best possible educated guesses about what will happen,” said Forgan, who is a research fellow at the University of St Andrews in Scotland. He explained that “hard” science fiction refers to science fiction that emphasizes accuracy (think the 2015 movie “The Martian,” for example).
If researchers find a signal today, Forgan said, one of the things they will have to manage is a public used to getting constant news updates on Twitter and other forms of social media. It’s something Forgan and his colleagues are already working on. The International Academy of Astronautics SETI Permanent Committee created a post-detection protocol in 1989 that was slightly updated in 2010; a new update is starting soon and should be finished in a few years, Forgan said.
Scientific work
For the most part, scientists assume alien contact would happen through a signal purposely sent toward Earth. The “acid test” is to make sure the signal is verified by multiple observatories, said SETI Institute senior astronomer Seth Shostak. “It would take a while to verify, and then the people who like to think about these matters say you would have a press conference and announce this to the world,” he said, but he added that wouldn’t work unless everyone in the project were sworn to secrecy. In this era of news leaks, he said that situation is very unlikely to hold.
So, scientists try instead to stick to a protocol that includes informing the public. The 2010 IAA protocol is only two pages and covers facets such as searching for a signal, handling evidence and what to do in the case of a confirmed detection.
If the evidence gets out to the public while the scientists are still analyzing the signal, Forgan said they could manage the public’s expectations by using something called the Rio Scale. It’s essentially a numeric value that represents the degree of likelihood that an alien contact is “real.” (Forgan added that the Rio Scale is also undergoing an update, and more should be coming out about it in May.)
If the aliens did arrive here, “first contact” protocols likely would be useless, because if they’re smart enough to show up physically, they could probably do anything else they like, according to Shostak. “Personally, I would leave town,” Shostak quipped. “I would get a rocket and get out of the way. I have no idea what they are here for.”
But there’s little need to worry. An “Independence Day” scenario of aliens blowing up important national buildings such as the White House is extremely unlikely, Forgan said, because interstellar travel is difficult. (This feeds into something called the Drake Equation, which considers where the aliens could be and helps show why we haven’t heard anything from them yet.)
Early SETI work
To find a signal, first we have to be listening for it. SETI “listening” is going on all over the world, and in fact, this has been happening for many decades. The first modern SETI experiment took place in 1960. Under Project Ozma, Cornell University astronomer Frank Drake pointed a radio telescope (located at Green Bank, West Virginia) at two stars called Tau Ceti and Epsilon Eridani. He scanned at a frequency astronomers nickname “the water hole,” which is close to the frequency of light that’s given off by hydrogen and hydroxyl (one hydrogen atom bonded to one oxygen atom).
In 1977, The Ohio State University SETI’s program made international headlines after a project volunteer, Jerry Ehman, wrote, “Wow!” beside a strong signal a telescope there received. The Aug. 15, 1977, “Wow” signal was never repeated, however.
There have been many, many projects since then. As a taste: The SETI Institute was founded in 1984; while it may be the most famous of the SETI projects, there are many other independent SETIs at universities and institutions worldwide that have done work over the decades. One of the center’s major initiatives was Project Phoenix, which scanned nearby, sun-like stars. Currently, the SETI Institute, in collaboration with other institutes, is working on a concept called the Allen Telescope Array, which has dozens of radio dishes in northern California.
In 2015, the well-known physicist Stephen Hawking and many other researchers launched Breakthrough Listen, a project that will scan 1 million Milky Way stars and 100 nearby galaxies for extraterrestrial life.
Space-based SETI
While searches of alien messages aren’t ongoing in space, there have been efforts to communicate with any beings that may come across our spacecraft.
The Pioneer 10 and 11 probes flew by Jupiter (and in Pioneer 11’s case, Saturn) to eventually make their way out of the solar system. Before their launches in 1972 and 1973, respectively, a Pioneer plaque was mounted on board each spacecraft. It shows the form of the human body and where the Earth is located in the galaxy.
The twin Voyager probes launched in 1977 to examine the outer solar system. Voyager 2 reached interstellar space in 2012, while Voyager 1 is still at the edge of the solar system. Each of the spacecraft includes two golden records with sounds recorded on Earth, ranging from whale calls to music to the word “hello” in many languages. The record also has diagrams of the human body and where our solar system is located.
Scientists also transmitted a radio message from the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico in 1974. The so-called Arecibo Message includes such things as the numbers 1 through 10; the atomic numbers of elements such as hydrogen and oxygen; information about DNA; and diagrams of a human body, the Earth and our solar system.
In a related field, the study of exoplanets has accelerated in recent years with the Kepler mission, which has found more than 2,000 confirmed exoplanets alone, as well as other observatories on the ground and in space. Scientists are now trying to characterize which of these planets may be the most habitable. Atmospheric studies and more detailed looks at star activity will be some of the activities scientists undertake with future telescopes, such as the James Webb Space Telescope, which will launch in 2020.
This story was inspired by Episode 1 of “AMC Visionaries: James Cameron’s Story of Science Fiction,” which airs tonight at 10 p.m. EDT/PDT (9 p.m. CDT). A companion book is available on Amazon.com.
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NASA Technology Helps Reveal Hidden Texts On Dead Sea Scrolls In Stunning Discovery
NASA Technology Helps Reveal Hidden Texts On Dead Sea Scrolls In Stunning Discovery
Who says that NASA only makes fantastic discoveries in space?
Using a specialized camera initially developed by NASA, researchers in Israel made a stunning discovery while analyzing texts on the famous Dead Sea Scrolls.
According to an announcement by the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA), experts have uncovered previously hidden text on the Dead Sea Scrolls, raising many questions whether there are more ancient manuscripts featuring writings invisible to the naked eye.
After analyzing the ancient manuscripts with infrared using a multispectral imaging camera, experts from Israel have revealed that dozens of ancient scroll fragments, previously thought to be blank, actually contain traces of ink.
The Dead Sea Scrolls fragments, which are believed to be around 2,000 years old are extremely fragile.
Image Credit: Shai Halevi Israel Antiquities Authority
The Dead Sea Scrolls are a massive historical collection featuring more than 900 religious manuscripts, as well as miniature text fragments recovered in a cave system (Qumran Caves) near the shores of the Dead Sea, near the ancient settlement of Khirbet Qumran.
Oren Ableman, a researcher on the manuscripts of the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) and a Ph.D. student at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, discovered the new writing while examining a dozen fragments of finding in the Qumran Caves, revealed the Israel Antiquities Authority.
The detailed study, conducted by Ableman has allowed deciphering the writing of many of the fragments and even knowing which manuscripts probably belong to some of the new fragments.
Oren Ableman, a scroll researcher at the Dead Sea Scrolls unit of the Israel Antiquities Authority, examining the ink traces that have been discovered.
Image Credit: Shai Halevi, The Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library.
“I do feel honored to be part of it. Sometimes I feel like, I’m just a Ph.D. student, and I’m finding these discoveries,” said Abelman. “It’s exciting.”
The discovery was presented at a conference in Israel called “The Dead Sea Scrolls at Seventy: Clear a Path in the Wilderness.”
“As part of the project each of the thousands of fragments of the Dead Sea Scrolls is imaged to monitor its physical condition and make the best possible images available to the public,” the organization wrote in a statement.
As noted in the statement, the discovery made by experts features fragments from the books of Deuteronomy, Leviticus, Jubilees (also known as the Lesser Genesis), and The Temple Scroll, which is the longest of all the Dead Sea Scrolls found to date. These ancient manuscripts have been dated to range from the 3rd century BC to the 1st century CE.
The hidden writings reveal a script that belongs to a third copy of the temple scroll, an ancient text where God explains to Moses how a temple should be erected, and how services within the temple should be performed.
Until now, experts were only aware of the existence of two Temple Scrolls, but the discovery adds another one to the collection.
Also, researchers have identified a fragment belonging to the Scroll of the Great Psalms (11Q5); retaining a part of the beginning of Psalm 147: 1.
And, finally, another fragment contains letters written in an ancient Hebrew script (paleo-Hebrew alphabet).
This fragment could not be attributed to any of the known manuscripts, so it is possible that it belonged to a still, hitherto unknown manuscript.
According to Head of the Israel Antiquities Authority’s Dead Sea Scrolls Lab Pnina Shor, “Multispectral imaging lets us read what is invisible to the eye.”
“Every image is an act of preservation,” said Shor. “If God forbid, something happens to the scroll; we still have 100% accurately reliable images.”
Featured Image Credit: The Great Psalms Scroll (11Q5) together with the new fragment containing Psalm 147:1. Shai Halevi, The Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library.
Underwater Drones Are Exploring Shipwrecks Below The Gulf Of Mexico—And What They’ve Found Is Incredible
Underwater Drones Are Exploring Shipwrecks Below The Gulf Of Mexico—And What They’ve Found Is Incredible
Among many incredible finds, researchers have discovered never-before-seen, unidentified shipwrecks located thousands of feet below the surface.
That there are many secrets hidden beneath the ocean is no mystery. That we haven’t had the time nor interest in exploring these secrets also isn’t a mystery.
However, Scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration are conducting an expedition to explore the many shipwrecks located in the uncharted water in some of the deepest parts of the Gulf of Mexico, and what they’ve recorded is beyond fascinating.
In order to explore the unknown, researchers used remote-controlled submersible vehicles, discovering never-before-seen details and investigating different shipwrecks on the ocean floor, located in the most remote, least-explored pars of the Gulf of Mexico.
Among the discoveries, researchers uncovered German U-boats, as well as pirate vessels believed to date back to the 19th century.
Now, using modern technology, experts are trying to learn as much as they can about the histories and fates of these ships, which the ocean claimed in the distant past.
Among the discoveries, experts from NOAA found the remains of a tugboat, named New Hope, which sank in a tropical storm in the 1960’s. While the ship sank, the Coast Guard luckily saved the crew from going down with the ship.
Seen here is the bow and view into the hull of what is believed to be the wreck of the tugboat New Hope.
Image credit: NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, Gulf of Mexico 2018.
“On September 29, 1965, New Hope encountered the strong winds and high seas of Tropical Storm Debbie off the Louisiana coast. With the crew having trouble pumping water out of the hull, the U.S. Coast Guard received a distress call around 1 AM and dispatched an aircraft to deploy a backup pump. Also, on board, the aircraft was the latest in Search and Rescue technology: a floating radio beacon for use with a radio direction finder. In use, the beacon is dropped close to the distressed vessel to mark its position and to act as a drifting reference.
The seven-member crew boarded a life raft and abandoned the foundering New Hope at 3 AM, just as the aircraft arrived to mark its position with the beacon. Staying on the scene until daylight, the aircraft vectored a Coast Guard helicopter to the raft to conduct a safe rescue of the entire crew.”
But New Hope is just one of the many shipwrecks photographed by the underwater mission.
An unidentified shipwreck discovered by industry mapping surveys. According to NOAA, it appeared to be a portion of a wooden vessel with a few metal items inside.
Image credit: NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, Gulf of Mexico 2018.
Image courtesy of the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, Gulf of Mexico 2018.
Deep Discoverer explored an unknown shipwreck identified by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management simply as “ID Number 15377.”
Image credit: NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, Gulf of Mexico 2018.
Image courtesy of the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, Gulf of Mexico 2018.
Image courtesy of the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, Gulf of Mexico 2018.
Not a shipwreck but a natural extrusion of tar on the floor of the Gulf of Mexico.
Image courtesy of the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, Gulf of Mexico 2012.
View inside the conning tower of the German U-boat U-166.
Image courtesy of the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management.
Seen here is the bow of a ship that’s believed to be a privateer.
Image courtesy of the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, Gulf of Mexico 2012.
The solar eclipse on August 21, 2017, was seen from space by the DSCOVR satellite. The moon’s shadow spurred an atmospheric wave that propagated around the world for hours after the eclipse was over.
It was the eclipse felt ‘round the world. The August 21, 2017, total solar eclipse that crossed the United States launched a wave in the upper atmosphere that was detected nearly an hour later from Brazil (SN Online: 8/11/17).
“The eclipse itself is a local phenomenon, but our study shows that it had effects around the world,” says space scientist Brian Harding of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Harding watched the eclipse from St. Louis. But he and his colleagues activated a probe near São João do Cariri, Brazil, to observe uncharged particles 250 kilometers high in a part of the atmosphere called the thermosphere.
The probe recorded a fast-moving wave in the thermosphere go by half an hour after sunset in São João do Cariri and 55 minutes after the end of the total eclipse, the team reported April 24 in Geophysical Research Letters. The wave is produced by the motion of the moon’s shadow, which cooled the atmosphere below it. That cold spot then acted like a sink, sucking in the warmer air ahead of it and causing a ripple in the atmosphere as the cold spot moved across the globe.
Previous eclipses also have launched waves at similar altitudes in the ionosphere, the charged plasma of the atmosphere, which overlaps with the electrically neutral thermosphere (SN Online: 8/13/17). This is the first time that scientists have observed a wave in the uncharged part of the atmosphere. Neutral particles are 100 to 1,000 times denser than plasma in the atmosphere, and it’s important to know how they behave too, Harding says.
HALF A WORLD AWAY
This simulation predicts the atmosphere’s response to a solar eclipse. Color shows how temperature changes, and black lines trace motion in the atmosphere. The moon’s shadow cooled the atmosphere, producing a large wave that was visible from a research station in Brazil (black square) after the eclipse had ended.
Listen to the sound of our galaxy rotating. The variation of musical pitches portrays the motion of gas as it orbits around the center of our galaxy.
Scientists often transform astronomy data into pictures, but University of Californa Santa Barbara postdoctoral fellow Greg Salvesen went in a different direction. He decided to map raw data to sound.
Salvesen’s recently launched website, Astronomy Sound of the Month or AstroSoM, features different sounds produced from actual astronomy data, with an explanation by an astronomer. Salvesen said in a statement:
AstroSoM explores how sound complements more traditional astronomy data analysis. Besides, making sounds out of real astronomy data is just plain cool!
For his latest feature (above), Salvesen collaborated with University of Massachusetts astronomy professor Mark Heyer to turn complex data into visual and aural components that track the movement of gas through our galaxy. The resulting Milky Way Blues allow you to “hear” how our galaxy rotates.
For the composition, Heyer developed an algorithm that transforms astronomical data about galactic gases into musical notes. By assigning different tones and length of notes to the observed spectra of each gas phase, said Heyer, an astronomer can express a crucial feature of the galaxy that is missing in astronomical images – movement.
Heyer chose to compose this piece using a pentatonic scale – with five notes in the octave instead of seven – and in a minor key, because, he said:
When I heard the bass notes it sounded jazzy and blue.
I’ve been true to the data, I haven’t massaged it to make it sound nice, but by turning what we actually observe with a radio telescope into a musical scale it gives us familiar tones that sound surprisingly like music with which we’re familiar.
Here’s the explanation of the Milky Way Blues, from AstroSoM:
Radio telescopes observe different spectral emission lines to probe different phases of gas (atomic, molecular, ionized). Astronomers measure the Doppler shifts of these lines to determine gas velocities along the path that the telescope is pointing. To turn one of these observations into musical notes, the measured gas velocities are mapped to a pentatonic minor blues scale.
Each note and circle represents gas that is either coming toward Earth (high notes and blue color) or moving away from it (low notes and red color). Different gas phases are played by different instruments — acoustic bass (atomic), wood blocks (molecular), saxophone (ionized) and piano (molecular) — and are represented by different colored borders on the circles.
A line showing where the telescope was pointing represents each observation, and the positions of the circles along a line show the locations of the gas in the galaxy. The star symbol shows the location of the sun. The intensity of the emission coming from the gas is heard as longer note durations and shown as larger circles.
With every new measure, the lines swing around to new observations. Putting it all together, the variation of musical pitches heard in Milky Way Blues portrays the motion of gas as it orbits around the center of our galaxy.
Check out more pieces on the AstroSoM website, such as The Inner Solar System Plays Radiohead’s Saddest Song, or Never a Mundane Supernova in the Sky. Each post includes a short summary and links for more detailed explanations.
Greg Salvesen.
Image via Sonia Fernandez.
Bottom line: An astronomer transforms raw astronomy data into music.
NASA PLUTO PROBE MAY CARRY CROWDSOURCED MESSAGE TO ALIENS
An artist's concept of the New Horizons spacecraft as it approaches Pluto and three of its five moons in summer 2015.
NASA PLUTO PROBE MAY CARRY CROWDSOURCED MESSAGE TO ALIENS
A NASA Pluto probe may end up with one final mission after its work exploring the outer solar system is done — carrying a message to advanced alien civilizations.
NASA is considering allowing a team of researchers, teachers, artists and engineers to upload an interstellar message to the agency’s New Horizons spacecraft, which will perform the first-ever flyby of Pluto on July 14.
This project, known as the One Earth Message, is being led by Jon Lomberg, who was design director for the “golden records” that were placed aboard NASA’s twin Voyager spacecraft before their 1977 launch to teach any aliens that might encounter the probes about humanity and its home planet.
The goals of the One Earth Message are similar, but the new project would be a more global and collaborative effort, asking people around the world to contribute images, sounds and ideas for this farflung “message in a bottle.”
“This is really a chance to try to think about ourselves from the long perspective,” Lomberg told Space.com. “We’ll never know if this extraterrestrial audience that we’re designing it for will receive it. But we do know that the people of Earth who participate, who play a role in it — it can literally change their lives.”
A digital message
Voyager 1 entered interstellar space in 2012, and Voyager 2 will join its twin in this rarefied realm soon. The two probes’ golden records are actual records — 12-inch-wide (30 centimeters) gold-plated copper disks that come with cartridges, needles and instructions about how to play them. The identical records contain 115 analog-encoded images, as well as audio of thunder and other natural sounds, music and spoken greetings in 55 different languages.
The One Earth Message, by contrast, would be digital. If NASA greenlights the project — the space agency has expressed enthusiasm but has yet to approve it officially, Lomberg said — the team will be allowed to beam 150 megabytes of data to New Horizons.
The One Earth Message would therefore hold about the same amount of information as Voyager’s golden records — perhaps 100 images and about an hour of audio, Lomberg said. (Videos would take up too much memory.)
“We’re writing a haiku, not a novel,” he said.
The digital format would allow the One Earth Message to be more flexible, layered and integrated than was possible with the golden records, Lomberg added. For example, the message could be changed over time by beaming more files to New Horizons. It could also include a map of the world, and every picture and every sound could be tagged to the spot from which it came.
Crowdsourced content and funding
There’s another key difference between the Voyager and New Horizons efforts: While the golden records carry information chosen by a small committee (which was chaired by famed astronomer and science communicator Carl Sagan), the One Earth Message would be a crowdsourced affair, with contributions from people around the globe.
“It’s not simply a photo contest,” Lomberg said. “It’s a process that’s going to find out what people want to send.”
Just as the One Earth Message’s content would be crowdsourced, a chunk of its funding would be too. (The team is not asking NASA to pay for the project.) Lomberg and his colleagues hope to raise at least $500,000 from people around the world via a Fiat Physica campaign, to build and maintain a Web presence and to figure out the best way to program the message.
Additional money raised would be used for education and outreach, among other things.
“The total budget is a couple of million [dollars], to do everything we’d like to do,” Lomberg said.
People would be able to contribute a certain number of photos for possible inclusion in the One Earth Message for free, he added. Anyone who wants to submit additional pictures would be able to do so, for a fee that would help cover the costs of the project’s website.
The One Earth Message Fiat Physica campaign runs through July 15. As of yesterday evening (May 17), the crowdfunding effort had raised about $12,000 of its $500,000 target. You can learn more about the campaign here: http://www.fiatphysica.com/campaigns/oem/
The group is also looking for private support, Lomberg said.
Plenty of time
Drawing up a message designed to be understood by alien civilizationsis not a simple or straightforward task. For example, how would any hypothetical extraterrestrials that chance upon New Horizons even know that humanity is trying to say something to them?
“How can you send files so that aliens can figure them out? They’re not going to know what a jpeg is,” Lomberg said. “Our challenge is to find ways of coding the message so that it calls attention to itself as a message.”
But there’s plenty of time to work on such issues. The transmission to New Horizons would occur in July 2016 at the earliest, Lomberg said, and it could even be postponed until after the probe flies by a second faraway object in 2019 during a potential extended mission that NASA is mulling.
While the One Earth Message is designed to be interpreted by aliens, it’s a worthwhile exercise even if New Horizons zooms through space alone for all of its days, Lomberg said. The project, he stressed, has the potential to get people more excited about the New Horizons mission and space exploration in general — and possibly to bring people around the world together in a perspective-altering experience.
“For almost 40 years, I’ve seen how the Voyager record has inspired people,” Lomberg said. “It seems like it’s time for another generation to have that same type of inspiration.”
NASA PLUTO PROBE MAY CARRY CROWDSOURCED MESSAGE TO ALIENS
An artist's concept of the New Horizons spacecraft as it approaches Pluto and three of its five moons in summer 2015.
NASA PLUTO PROBE MAY CARRY CROWDSOURCED MESSAGE TO ALIENS
A NASA Pluto probe may end up with one final mission after its work exploring the outer solar system is done — carrying a message to advanced alien civilizations.
NASA is considering allowing a team of researchers, teachers, artists and engineers to upload an interstellar message to the agency’s New Horizons spacecraft, which will perform the first-ever flyby of Pluto on July 14.
This project, known as the One Earth Message, is being led by Jon Lomberg, who was design director for the “golden records” that were placed aboard NASA’s twin Voyager spacecraft before their 1977 launch to teach any aliens that might encounter the probes about humanity and its home planet.
The goals of the One Earth Message are similar, but the new project would be a more global and collaborative effort, asking people around the world to contribute images, sounds and ideas for this farflung “message in a bottle.”
“This is really a chance to try to think about ourselves from the long perspective,” Lomberg told Space.com. “We’ll never know if this extraterrestrial audience that we’re designing it for will receive it. But we do know that the people of Earth who participate, who play a role in it — it can literally change their lives.”
A digital message
Voyager 1 entered interstellar space in 2012, and Voyager 2 will join its twin in this rarefied realm soon. The two probes’ golden records are actual records — 12-inch-wide (30 centimeters) gold-plated copper disks that come with cartridges, needles and instructions about how to play them. The identical records contain 115 analog-encoded images, as well as audio of thunder and other natural sounds, music and spoken greetings in 55 different languages.
The One Earth Message, by contrast, would be digital. If NASA greenlights the project — the space agency has expressed enthusiasm but has yet to approve it officially, Lomberg said — the team will be allowed to beam 150 megabytes of data to New Horizons.
The One Earth Message would therefore hold about the same amount of information as Voyager’s golden records — perhaps 100 images and about an hour of audio, Lomberg said. (Videos would take up too much memory.)
“We’re writing a haiku, not a novel,” he said.
The digital format would allow the One Earth Message to be more flexible, layered and integrated than was possible with the golden records, Lomberg added. For example, the message could be changed over time by beaming more files to New Horizons. It could also include a map of the world, and every picture and every sound could be tagged to the spot from which it came.
Crowdsourced content and funding
There’s another key difference between the Voyager and New Horizons efforts: While the golden records carry information chosen by a small committee (which was chaired by famed astronomer and science communicator Carl Sagan), the One Earth Message would be a crowdsourced affair, with contributions from people around the globe.
“It’s not simply a photo contest,” Lomberg said. “It’s a process that’s going to find out what people want to send.”
Just as the One Earth Message’s content would be crowdsourced, a chunk of its funding would be too. (The team is not asking NASA to pay for the project.) Lomberg and his colleagues hope to raise at least $500,000 from people around the world via a Fiat Physica campaign, to build and maintain a Web presence and to figure out the best way to program the message.
Additional money raised would be used for education and outreach, among other things.
“The total budget is a couple of million [dollars], to do everything we’d like to do,” Lomberg said.
People would be able to contribute a certain number of photos for possible inclusion in the One Earth Message for free, he added. Anyone who wants to submit additional pictures would be able to do so, for a fee that would help cover the costs of the project’s website.
The One Earth Message Fiat Physica campaign runs through July 15. As of yesterday evening (May 17), the crowdfunding effort had raised about $12,000 of its $500,000 target. You can learn more about the campaign here: http://www.fiatphysica.com/campaigns/oem/
The group is also looking for private support, Lomberg said.
Plenty of time
Drawing up a message designed to be understood by alien civilizationsis not a simple or straightforward task. For example, how would any hypothetical extraterrestrials that chance upon New Horizons even know that humanity is trying to say something to them?
“How can you send files so that aliens can figure them out? They’re not going to know what a jpeg is,” Lomberg said. “Our challenge is to find ways of coding the message so that it calls attention to itself as a message.”
But there’s plenty of time to work on such issues. The transmission to New Horizons would occur in July 2016 at the earliest, Lomberg said, and it could even be postponed until after the probe flies by a second faraway object in 2019 during a potential extended mission that NASA is mulling.
While the One Earth Message is designed to be interpreted by aliens, it’s a worthwhile exercise even if New Horizons zooms through space alone for all of its days, Lomberg said. The project, he stressed, has the potential to get people more excited about the New Horizons mission and space exploration in general — and possibly to bring people around the world together in a perspective-altering experience.
“For almost 40 years, I’ve seen how the Voyager record has inspired people,” Lomberg said. “It seems like it’s time for another generation to have that same type of inspiration.”
The Great Filter Hypothesis – Where Are All The Alien Civilizations?
The Great Filter Hypothesis – Where Are All The Alien Civilizations?
It’s difficult to not be pessimistic when considering humanity’s future prospects. Many people would agree that it’s more likely than not that we’ll eventually do ourselves in. And in fact, some astrobiologists theorize that all advanced civilizations hit the same insurmountable developmental wall we have. They call it the Great Filter. It’s a notion that’s often invoked to explain why we’ve never been visited by extraterrestrials.
With no evidence of intelligent life other than ourselves, it appears that the process of starting with a star and ending with “Advanced Universe Exploring life” must be unlikely. This implies that at least one step in this process must be improbable. This list, while incomplete (I am sure), describes the following nine steps in an “evolutionary path” that results in the colonization of the observable universe:
The right star system (including organics and potentially habitable planets)
Reproductive molecules (e.g., RNA)
Simple (prokaryotic) single-cell life
Complex (eukaryotic) single-cell life
Sexual reproduction
Multi-cell life
Tool-using animals with big brains
Where we are now
Colonization explosion.
The Great Filter is the idea that although there is lots of matter, we observe no “Advanced Universe Exploring life”, like space-faring intelligences. So there is some filter through which almost all matter gets stuck before becoming expanding, lasting life. One question for those interested in the future of humankind is whether we have already ‘passed’ the bulk of the filter, or does it still lie ahead? For example, is it very unlikely matter will be able to form self-replicating units, but once it clears that hurdle becoming intelligent and going across the stars is highly likely; or is it getting to a humankind level of development is not that unlikely, but very few of those civilizations progress to expanding across the stars. If the latter, that motivates a concern for working out what the forthcoming filter(s) are, and trying to get past them.
According to the Great Filter hypothesis, at least one of these steps — if the list were complete — must be improbable. If it’s not an early step (i.e., in our past), then the implication is that the improbable step lies in our future and our prospects of reaching step 9 (interstellar colonization) are still bleak. If the past steps are likely, then many civilizations would have developed to the current level of the human species. However, none appear to have made it.
However, none appear to have made it to step 9, or the Milky Way would be full of colonies. So perhaps step 9 is the unlikely one, and the only thing that appears likely to keep us from step 9 is some sort of catastrophe or the resource exhaustion leading to rampant consumption of the available resources (like for example highly constrained energy resources). So by this argument, finding multicellular life on Mars (provided it evolved independently) would be bad news, since it would imply steps 2–6 are easy, and hence only 1, 7, 8 or 9 (or some unknown step) could be the big problem.
Although steps 1–8 have occurred on Earth, any one of these may be unlikely. If the first seven steps are necessary preconditions to calculating the likelihood (using the local environment) then an anthropically biased observer can infer nothing about the general probabilities from its (pre-determined) surroundings.
One concern is that advancing technology gives the possibility of civilizations wiping themselves out, and it is this that is the main component of the Great Filter – one we are going to be approaching soon. There are several candidates for which technology will be an existential threat (nanotechnology/’Grey goo’, nuclear holocaust, runaway climate change), but one that looms large is Artificial intelligence (AI), and trying to understand and mitigate the existential threat from AI is the main role of the Singularity Institute consider AI the main existential threat.
The concern with AI is something like this:
AI will soon greatly surpass us in intelligence in all domains.
If this happens, AI will rapidly supplant humans as the dominant force on planet earth.
Almost all AIs, even ones we create with the intent to be benevolent, will probably be unfriendly to human flourishing.
Or, you can think of it this way.
… AI leads to intelligence explosion, and because we don’t know how to give an AI benevolent goals, by default an intelligence explosion will optimize the world for accidentally disastrous ends. A controlled intelligence explosion, on the other hand, could optimize the world for good.
So, the aim of the game needs to be trying to work out how to control the future intelligence explosion so the vastly smarter-than-human AIs are ‘friendly’ (FAI) and make the world better for us, rather than unfriendly AIs (UFAI) which end up optimizing the world for something that sucks.
Where is everybody?
Yes, it is possible that the extreme difficulty and rarity of life’s origin or some early step, so that, other than here on Earth, all life in the universe is stuck before this early extremely hard step. But even if you find this the most likely outcome, surely given our ignorance you must also place a non-trivial probability on other possibilities. You must see a great filter as lying between initial planets and expanding civilizations, and wonder how far along that filter we are. In particular, you must estimate a substantial chance of “disaster”, i.e., something destroying our ability or inclination to make a visible use of the vast resources we see. (And this disaster can’t be an unfriendly super-AI because that should be visible.)
This made me realize that UFAI should also be counted as an ‘expanding lasting life’, and should be deemed unlikely by the Great Filter.
Alternatively, if the Great Filter still lies ahead of us, and a major component of this forthcoming filter is the threat from UFAI, we should expect to see the UFAIs of other civilizations spreading across the universe (or not see anything at all, because they would wipe us out to optimize for their unfriendly ends). That we do not observe it disconfirms this conjunction.
It also gives a stronger argument – as the UFAI is the ‘expanding life’ we do not see, the beliefs, ‘the Great Filter lies ahead’ and ‘UFAI is a major existential risk’ lie opposed to one another: the higher your credence in the filter being ahead, the lower your credence should be in UFAI being a major existential risk (as the many civilizations like ours that go on to get caught in the filter do not produce expanding UFAIs, so expanding UFAI cannot be the main x-risk); conversely, if you are confident that UFAI is the main existential risk, then you should think the bulk of the filter is behind us (as we don’t see any UFAIs, there cannot be many civilizations like ours in the first place, as we are quite likely to realize an expanding UFAI).
This is, of course, a variant on the Fermi paradox: We don’t see clues to widespread, large-scale engineering, and consequently, we must conclude that we’re alone. But the possibly flawed assumption here is when we say that highly visible construction projects are an inevitable outcome of intelligence. It could be that it’s the engineering of the small, rather than the large, that is inevitable. This follows from the laws of inertia (smaller machines are faster, and require less energy to function) as well as the speed of light (small computers have faster internal communication). It may be – and this is, of course, speculation – that advanced societies are building small technology and have little incentive or need to rearrange the stars in their neighbourhoods, for instance.
They may prefer to build nanobots instead of Dyson spheres. It should also be kept in mind that, as Arthur C. Clarke said, “Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic“… I would like to add to the phrase “or be unrecognizable altogether“.
So, if the Great Filter is behind us, it would do much to explain the Fermi Paradox and the absence of extraterrestrial influence on the cosmos. Should that be the case, we may very well have a bright future ahead of us. The Milky Way Galaxy is literally ours for the taking, our future completely open-ended.
But before we jump to conclusions, it’s only fair to point out that we’re not out of the woods yet. There could very well be another Great Filter in the future — one just as stingy as the filters of our past. The universe, while giving the appearance of bio-friendliness, may, in reality, be extremely hostile to intelligent life.
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Zwaarste aardbeving in 40 jaar en vulkaanuitbarsting richten ravage aan op Hawaï. Bekijk spectaculaire beelden van de lavastroom
Zwaarste aardbeving in 40 jaar en vulkaanuitbarsting richten ravage aan op Hawaï. Bekijk spectaculaire beelden van de lavastroom
Het grootste eiland van Hawaï is getroffen door de zwaarste aardbeving in 40 jaar tijd. De aardbeving met een kracht van 6,9 op de schaal van Richter was één van de honderden aardbevingen van de afgelopen week.
Het epicentrum laag bij de zuidkant van de vulkaan Kilauea, die sinds donderdag al lava spuwt. Er zitten grote scheuren in een aantal wegen.
De Kilauea, één van de actiefste vulkanen ter wereld, spuwde gedurende twee uur lava. Zo’n 1700 mensen moesten hun huizen verlaten omdat lava uit scheuren in de grond kwam.
Tienduizend
De lava stroomde onder meer een woonwijk binnen. Tienduizend Hawaïanen is gevraagd hun woning te laten.
De autoriteiten hadden na eerdere schokken, die heel wat schade hebben aangericht, al een evacuatie bevolen in de omgeving van de actieve vulkaan.
De aarde beefde vrijdag rond 12.32 uur lokale tijd (23.32 uur in Nederland) en een uur later opnieuw, zo meldde het Amerikaanse geologische onderzoekscentrum USGS.
Tulsi Gabbard✔@TulsiGabbard
I'm glad to be in Hawaiʻi to help mobilize federal support and assist those who are having to flee their homes. What matters the most is the community coming together to help support the families who were directly impacted through the evacuations.
Donderdag was er al een aardbeving van 5,0 met tientallen naschokken geweest op het eiland. De autoriteiten waarschuwen dat de toestand helemaal niet stabiel is.
Op videobeelden is te zien hoe magma omhoog komt door een gat in de weg en hoe lava door het bos stroomt.
When is a UFO not a UFO? When the government says it isn’t. When is something that looks like a rocket launch not a rocket launch? When the government says it isn’t. When is the government lying about a mysterious object in the sky? That’s the question thousands of witnesses in China are asking after seeing what appeared to be a rocket launch that the Chinese government vehemently denies it was not (pictures here). OK, Beijing, then what was it?
“Bizarre scene appeared in the sky over Beijing. Have you seen it?”
The social media posts began immediately after an unidentified flying object appeared over western Beijing, Taiyuan, Zhengzhou, Qingdao and across a wide area of northeastern China on the night of April 27th. Unlike most sightings, these posts included clear pictures and videos of the UFO, which looked suspiciously like the mysterious UFO seen over California on December 23, 2017, that turned out to be a nighttime SpaceX launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base. The editor of a science website confirmed that the vast area of sightings at the same time showed the object was in the upper atmosphere. However, the lights seemed to change colors and directions that were not indicative of a rocket carrying a satellite payload.
An example of a high-altitude directional change
The mass speculation didn’t stop the Chinese government from doing what it always does … nothing. This silence came despite the fact that everyone knows the airspace over the country, and especially Beijing, is strictly regulated. Proving that everyone in the world wants to believe, social media sites exploded with the usual comments on aliens, flying saucers and the like. Proving that governments worldwide are more concerned about their image than keeping their people informed, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (a national scientific think tank) and The People’s Daily (the official newspaper of the Chinese Communist Party) issued what now constitutes an official government statement … a tweet.
“The alleged “#UFO” seen in the sky above northern China on Friday evening was a noctilucent contrail, possibly caused by aircraft engine exhaust or air pressure changes, says the Chinese Academy of Science, warning the clouds as a sign of #globalwarming.”
A glowing pink contrail … what a relief. Or is it, conspiracy fans? “Noctilucent” (Latin for “night shining”) is used to describe clouds in the upper atmosphere whose altitude makes them visible during the twilight portion of night. This is a new term for the highest known and extremely rare clouds which only occur in the summer (it’s still spring) and only when the conditions include water vapor, dust and very cold temperatures. “Contrail” is short for “condensation trail” … not “Contrary to what they say, the government is using jets to poison us without fail.” While noctilucent vapor clouds have been linked to space shuttle launches and a few rocket launches, their main causes are believed to be volcanic eruptions and climate change.
Noctilucent clouds photographed by the crew of the ISS
Despite the facts (not summer, no recent nearby volcanic eruptions, seemingly later than twilight), the Chinese Academy of Sciences stuck with the noctilucent contrail from “aircraft engine exhaust” explanation. All together now … what aircraft?
Proving that governments worldwide don’t like to be asked tough questions … or even seemingly easy ones … there were no further comments.
They probably wouldn’t even like it if some Chinese teens thought “Noctilucent Contrails” would be a great name for their band.
Just about everyone has heard of Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs), but what about Unidentified Future Objects? Alien encounters have been reported for decades. If there is one thing that the aliens are keen to tell us and have us believe, it’s that they originate on other worlds. But, are they being truthful with us? Might they really be time-travelers? In H.G. Wells’ classic novel of 1895, The Time Machine, an adventurous Londoner heads off into a dark future, where he clashes with cave-dwelling monsters, explores ruined cities and witnesses the final moments of life on Earth. In the 1968 movie, Planet of the Apes, Charlton Heston’s character, Taylor, an American astronaut, arrives on a nightmarish world run by a race of talking apes. Only at the film’s climax, as he stumbles upon the remains of the Statue of Liberty, does Taylor realize with horror that he has not set foot on some far-off planet, after all. Rather, he is home, 2,000 years in the future and after a worldwide holocaust has destroyed human civilization.
Then there is Michael J. Fox’s character, Marty McFly, who in the 1985 Hollywood comedy blockbuster, Back to the Future, travels through time to 1955. On doing so, he almost makes out with his then-teenage mom, comes perilously close to wiping out his own existence as a result of his time-traveling antics, and in single-handed fashion invents rock ‘n’ roll. And let’s not forget Bruce Willis in 1995’s 12 Monkeys. At least as far as mega-bucks movies and literary classics are concerned, the theme of time-travel is a spectacularly successful one. But what of the real world? Are time-travelers really among us? Is there a direct connection between the world of time-travel and that of UFOs?
Why is it that our “aliens” conveniently speak our languages? How is it that, with no trouble at all, they can they breathe our atmosphere? Why do they abduct us and use us in bizarre genetic experiments? Surely we are not physically and genetically compatible with creatures from faraway solar-systems? They assure us that we are indeed compatible. It all sounds far too convenient and carefully stage-managed. Maybe that’s because they are not from faraway worlds, after all. Perhaps, they are from right here, on Earth. Not our Earth (so to speak), but the Earth of the future; the distant future. An Earth that is in ruins and at a time when the Human Race is perilously close to extinction.
They travel into their distant past – our present – and engage in clandestine programs to reap DNA, cells, sperm and eggs as a means to try and save what is left of us, thousands of years from now. Keenly aware of the fact that the people of the 20thand 21st century held deep beliefs with regard to the concept of extraterrestrial life, they chose to adopt the guises of the alien things we believe in, as a means to camouflage their real identities. Could that be the shocking truth?
Formerly of the U.S. Air Force, and one of the key military players in the famous UFO encounter at Rendlesham Forest, Suffolk, England in December 1980, Sergeant Jim Penniston – in 1994 – underwent hypnotic regression, as part of an attempt to try and recall deeply buried data relative to what occurred to him during one of Britain’s closest encounters. Very interestingly, and while under hypnosis, Penniston stated that our presumed aliens are, in reality, visitors from a far-flung future. That future, Penniston added, is very dark, in infinitely deep trouble, polluted and where the Human Race is overwhelmingly blighted by reproductive problems. The answer to those same, massive problems, Penniston was told by the entities he met in the woods, is that they travel into the distant past – to our present day – to secure sperm, eggs and chromosomes, all as part of an effort to try and ensure the continuation of the severely waning Human Race of tomorrow.
“Time travel is not theoretically possible, for if it was they’d already be here telling us about it,” British physicist Professor Stephen Hawking famously said. And even if time-travel did one day become a possibility, it would be beset by major problems, claimed Hawking: “Suppose it were possible to go off in a rocket ship, and come back before you set off. What would stop you blowing up the rocket on its launch pad, or otherwise preventing you from setting out in the first place?”
Not everyone agrees with Hawking. One possible way of traveling through time is via what are known in physics as wormholes, a term coined in 1957 by theoretical physicist John Wheeler. The wormhole is basically a shortcut through both space and time; and although firm evidence for the existence of these so-called “time-tunnels” has not yet been firmly proven, they do not fall outside of the boundaries presented in Einstein’s theory of general relativity.
Then, there is the matter of the sinister Men in Black. They are perceived by UFO researchers as human-looking alien creatures or government agents, whose secret role it is to silence UFO witnesses, something that history has shown they are very good at. Maybe, though, the MIB are not the bad guys, after all. Perhaps they are “time-cops,” working to ensure that UFO witnesses don’t get too close to the truth – namely, the time-travel angle. After all, just about everything about the MIB is out of time. They almost always wear 1950s-era black suits. Their mode of transport – old-time Cadillac cars – is out of time, too. They have even asked witnesses, on more than a few occasions: “What time is it?”
Maybe they’re actually asking what year they’re in. Or even which century. Perhaps, in the distant future, little is known of our time. Maybe we destroyed ourselves and, as a consequence, the people of the future are tasked with repairing the planet and doing their utmost to save what is left of our species. Possibly, they have limited knowledge of our culture and even our fashions, apart from what they know from the pages of aging, crumbling old magazines from the 1950s. So, they adopt the attire they assume will allow them to blend in with the people of the 21st century, when, in reality, it’s the exact opposite. The MIB stand out like a sore thumb. Or, like a man out of time.
Paranormal researcher Joshua P. Warren comments on this link between time-travel and the Men in Black: “It could be that the Men in Black follow all this UFO stuff around; that’s their job. Not that they are causing these things to happen, but they’re alerted to it when there’s a dangerous timeline issue that needs to be corrected. They’re not necessarily the bad-guys at all; they might be doing damage control, and maybe that includes warning and silencing witnesses to protect the time-travel secret. They might be weird, and they might look weird, but their overall mission may be just to keep order and protect the timelines.”
Of course, we need to remain grounded on all of this. So far, there is no definitive proof whatsoever that we have (or have ever had) time-travelers in our midst. And, there’s no evidence that UFOs are really time-machines. So, in other words, everything is very much theoretical and speculative – and just about nothing else. But, it doesn’t hurt to speculate!
http://mysteriousuniverse.org/
06-05-2018 om 16:18
geschreven door peter
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Hawaii Eruptions and Earthquakes are they Related to Cosmic Ray Increases?
Hawaii Eruptions and Earthquakes are they Related to Cosmic Ray Increases?
With the powerful 5.4 and 6.9 quakes, numerous aftershocks and volcanic eruption on Hawaii Island, you need to ask yourself it is correlated to solar activity or has something to do with the intensifying grand solar minimum.
A 6.9 earthquake and explosive eruption at the Pu O'o vent is rare, but looking at the intensity ramp up of the magnetic wave cancelling on our Sun, well the we get into some interesting similarities
Adapt2030 provides a timeline for the grand solar minimum intensification and incredible images of the lava events on the island.
Weird Norfolk: Abiding mystery of the county’s 1954 UFO sightings
Weird Norfolk: Abiding mystery of the county’s 1954 UFO sightings
Stacia Briggs and Siofra Connor
Norfolk's 1954 UFO sightings.
Picture: EDP LIBRARY
1954 was the year that a series of Unidentified Flying Objects were seen in the skies above Norfolk, just a year after the term ‘UFO’ had been coined by the United States Air Force.
It was the year J RR Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings was published, Roger Bannister broke the four-minute mile, Winston Churchill was Prime Minister and rationing came to an end. And 1954 was also the year that a series of Unidentified Flying Objects were seen in the skies above Norfolk, just a year after the term ‘UFO’ had been coined by the United States Air Force.
The first major sightings came in the first week of March, as winter’s grip remained in the east with uncommonly low temperatures and snow flurries holding back the onset of spring and sending most people indoors to stay warm by the fire.
But on Alexandra Road in Norwich on March 1 at around 6.15pm, it wasn’t snow that led Mr and Mrs Goreham to look up to the skies: the couple had spotted a “very bright round ball” which moved across the sky, spinning and then forming into the shape of a triangle.
“It had a bright ray of light round the whole of it. It disappeared three times while we were watching it.”
At nearby Lawson Road, Mr and Mrs Cubitt watched a round object in the sky “like a child’s humming top with a white or light-coloured band and blue to green top... it seemed as if the top of the ball was opening like a domed lid.” Both couples sketched what they had seen. Edith Capes of Paston saw a similar craft at 7pm - her description was almost identical: the object looked like a top, coloured blue and green and with a band of light round the middle. Letters to the EDP on the subject led to two further reports, a sighting on March 4 in Lowestoft and another on March 8 in Norwich.
After one sighting in Aylsham in June of a large cigar-shaped craft which roared and was “flaming red” at one end, the reports dried up. Until September.There were six witnesses in Overstrand, North Elmham, Trunch and Norwich who all reported seeing something strange in the sky between September 15 and 21.Mr Rayner of North Elmham reported seeing “flying shapes, one resembling a cigar, the other a saucer. The round thing was as big as a Canberra bomber, the other was like a double-sized Flying Fortress fuselage”.
A day later, a similar object was seen in Overstrand, four days after that there were two sightings, one in Overstrand and one in Trunch.
On September 21, 12-year-old Jasmine Morton reported seeing a green, egg-shaped object moving across Earlham Park. It was the last reported sighting until October 2, when in Costessey, a blue-white square craft was seen, silently revolving with several large and small lights.
There were then four sightings on October 21 from Blakeney to North Birmingham, Smallburgh and Rocklands when a UFO was spotted travelling at “tremendous speed” across the night sky.
In North Burlingham, Keith Watts was cycling towards Norwich when he spotted something unusual: “...a vivid object streaked across the sky, leaving in its rear a brilliant glow for a brief moment.” The object sped towards Great Yarmouth.
At around the same time in Smallburgh, David Coley saw an object travelling at speed which looked like a comet with its “glowing trail”.
Ten minutes later, in Rocklands, Ronald Lincoln saw a bright ball of light apparently drop 600 feet like a stone before stopping and speeding off.
The very last reported sighting came at the end of November in Norwich - as darkness fell at 4pm, an anonymous witness saw something unexplained: “I got my boy’s field glasses and continued watching it from upstairs. It was moving very slowly away towards the south - it was sausage-shaped and aluminium in colour.”
Did the witnesses see top secret military aircraft being tested over the skies of the county? Or did they catch sight of extraterrestrial visitors taking a closer look at the east of England?
RAF Rudloe Manor in Bath gained its nickname after secret files were released at the National Archives indicating the site was the centre for UFO investigations in the 1950s.
The wider site continued as both a communications hub and home of various administration units for years after before it was abandoned in 2000.
But It has long been in the interest of conspiracy theorists who believe UFO testing could still be in action.
And one curious bunch of YouTubers – Exploring With Fighters – decided to record their investigation of the site.
EXPLORING WITH FIGHTERS
MEN IN BLACK? The group were chased down
It shows the four blokes sneaking around the buildings and capturing various bizarre footage.
But they suddenly become spooked as they hear people approaching them.
Sirens then begin to ring out in the background as the four men rush to get in their car.
And as they drive off, one of the men suggest they are being followed by government officials.
“It's men in black”
Exploring With Fighters
One of them states: “We are currently being tailed by an unmarked police car, they’ve been following us for 15 minutes.”
Before someone else in the car suggests: “It's men in black.”
Their car is finally pulled over, for what they are told is a routine check, after a vehicle with the same registration had been spotted in London.
The video was uploaded to YouTube on May 2 and has already racked up more than 100,000 hits.
And viewers were quick to add their own opinions on what went down.
One comment speculated: “It's because you were videoing near MOD establishment.”
Another added: “They were MOD police not Wiltshire Constabulary or RMP, and the busybody is likely a former employee at the Manor.”
And a third simply stated: “The police knew what you were up to.”
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05-05-2018
Fermi Paradox: Where Are the Aliens?
Fermi Paradox: Where Are the Aliens?
By Elizabeth Howell, Space.com Contributor
Saturn's moon Titan, shown here in an artist rendering is loaded with liquid methane and shrouded by heavy clouds. Might it support life? New evidence raises the possibility, but scientists say it's more likely the findings involve non-biological processes.
Credit: NASA/JPL
The Fermi Paradox seeks to answer the question of where the aliens are. Given that our star and Earth are part of a young planetary system compared to the rest of the universe — and that interstellar travel might be fairly easy to achieve — the theory says that Earth should have been visited by aliens already.
As the story goes, Italian physicist Enrico Fermi, most famous for creating the first nuclear reactor, came up with the theory with a casual lunchtime remark in 1950. The implications, however, have had extraterrestrial researchers scratching their heads in the decades since.
"Fermi realized that any civilization with a modest amount of rocket technology and an immodest amount of imperial incentive could rapidly colonize the entire galaxy," the Search For Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Institute in Mountain View, California, said on its website. "Within ten million years, every star system could be brought under the wing of empire. Ten million years may sound long, but in fact it's quite short compared with the age of the galaxy, which is roughly ten thousand million years. Colonization of the Milky Way should be a quick exercise."
Fermi reportedly made the initial remark, but he died in 1954. Publication fell to other people, such as Michael Hart, who wrote an article titled "An Explanation for the Absence of Extraterrestrials on Earth" in the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS) Quarterly Journal in 1975. (Some say this is the first such paper to explore the Fermi paradox, although this claim is a bit hard to prove.)
"We observe that no intelligent beings from outer space are now present on Earth," Hart wrote in the abstract. "It is suggested that this fact can best be explained by the hypothesis that there are no other advanced civilizations in our galaxy." He noted, however, that more research in biochemistry, planetary formation and atmospheres was needed to better narrow down the answer.
While Hart was more of the opinion that we were the only advanced civilization in the galaxy (he argued that in Earth's history, somebody could have visited us already unless they started their journey less than two million years ago), he outlined four arguments exploring the paradox:
1) Aliens never came because of a physical difficulty "that makes space travel infeasible," which could be related to astronomy, biology or engineering.
2) Aliens chose never to come to Earth.
3) Advanced civilizations arose too recently for aliens to reach us.
4) Aliens have visited Earth in the past, but we have not observed them.
The argument has been challenged on many grounds. "Maybe star travel is not feasible, or maybe nobody chooses to colonize the galaxy, or maybe we were visited long ago and the evidence is buried with the dinosaurs — but the idea has become entrenched in thinking about alien civilizations," wrote Fermi paradox researcher Robert H. Gray in a 2016 Scientific American blog post.
Frank Tipler, a professor of physics at Tulane University, followed up on the argument in 1980 with a paper titled "Extraterrestrial intelligent beings do not exist," also published in the RAS Quarterly Journal. The bulk of his paper dealt with how to get resources for interstellar travel, which he suggested could be achieved by having some kind of self-replicating artificial intelligence moving from star system to star system and create copies using materials there.
Since these beings aren't on Earth, Tipler argued we are likely the only intelligence out there. He also said that those who believe in extraterrestrial intelligence are similar those who think about UFOs, because both camps believe "we are going to be saved from ourselves by some miraculous interstellar intervention."
Today, the topic of extraterrestrial intelligence is a popular one, with several papers appearing every year from different researchers. It's also been fueled by the discovery of exoplanets.
Plentiful planets
The universe is incredibly vast and old. One estimate says the universe spans 92 billion light-years in diameter (while growing faster and faster). Separate measurements indicate it is about 13.82 billion years old. At first blush, this would give alien civilizations plenty of time to propagate, but then they would have a cosmic distance barrier to cross before getting too far into space.
Fermi first formed his theory long before scientists found planets outside of our solar system. There are now more than 3,000 confirmed planets, with more being found frequently. The sheer number of planets that we have found outside of our solar system indicates that life could be plentiful.
Over time, with more advanced telescopes, scientists will be able to probe the chemical compositions of their atmospheres. The eventual goal is to understand how often rocky planets form in the habitable regions of their stars, which is traditionally defined as the zone in which water can exist on the surface. Habitability, however, isn't just about water. Other factors must be considered, such as how active the star is, and what is the composition of the planet's atmosphere.
A November 2013 study using data from the Kepler Space Telescopesuggested that one in five sun-like stars has an Earth-size planet orbiting in the habitable region of its star. That zone is not necessarily an indication of life, as other factors, such as the planet's atmosphere, come into play. Further, "life" could encompass anything from bacteria to starship-sailing extraterrestrials.
A few months later, Kepler scientists released a "planet bonanza" of 715 newly discovered worlds, pioneering a new technique called "verification by multiplicity." The theory essentially postulates that a star that appears to have multiple objects crossing its face or tugging at it would have planets, as opposed to stars. (A multiple star system at such close proximity would destabilize over time, the technique postulates.) Using this will accelerate the pace of exoplanet discovery, NASA said in 2014.
Researchers previously focused on red dwarf stars as a possible host for habitable planets, but as the years of study continued, limitations arose. It was exciting to find nearby planets such as Proxima Centauri b and the seven rocky planets of TRAPPIST-1 in the regions of their stars where liquid water could exist on the planets' surface. The trouble is, red dwarfs are volatile and could send several forms of life-killing radiation towards the surface. More study is required to better understand these stars.
More exoplanet-hunting spacecraft are coming online in the next few years. The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) launched successfully in April 2018 to study nearby stars. NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, expected to launch in 2020, will examine planets for the chemical makeup of their atmospheres. The European Space Agency's PLATO (PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars) is expected to launch in 2026. And larger ground-based observatories are also being envisioned, such as the European Extremely Large Telescope that should see first light around 2024.
Our understanding of astrobiology (life in the universe) is just at a beginning, however. One challenge is these exoplanets are so far away that it is next to impossible for us to send a probe out to look at them. Another obstacle is even within our own solar system, we haven't eliminated all the possible locations for life. We know from looking at Earth that microbes can survive in extreme temperatures and environments, giving rise to theories that we could find microbe-like life on Mars, the icy Jovian moon Europa, or perhaps Saturn's Enceladus or Titan.
All of this together means that even within our own Milky Way Galaxy — the equivalent of the cosmic neighborhood — there should be many Earth-size planets in habitable zones that could host life. But what are the odds of these worlds having starfarers in their bounds? [Countdown: 13 Ways to Hunt Intelligent Aliens]
Life: plentiful, or rare?
The odds of intelligent life are estimated in the Drake Equation, which seeks to figure out the number of civilizations in the Milky Way that seek to communicate with each other. In the words of SETI, the equation — written as:
N = R* • fp • ne • fl • fi • fc • L
— has the following variables:
N = The number of civilizations in the Milky Way galaxy whose electromagnetic emissions are detectable.
R* = The rate of formation of stars suitable for the development of intelligent life.
fp = The fraction of those stars with planetary systems.
ne = The number of planets, per solar system, with an environment suitable for life.
fl = The fraction of suitable planets on which life actually appears.
fi = The fraction of life bearing planets on which intelligent life emerges.
fc = The fraction of civilizations that develop a technology that releases detectable signs of their existence into space.
L = The length of time such civilizations release detectable signals into space.
None of these values are known with any certainty right now, which makes predictions difficult for astrobiologists and extraterrestrial communicators alike.
There is another possibility that would dampen the search for radio signals or alien spacecraft, however: that there is no life in the universe besides our own. While SETI's Frank Drake and others suggested there could be 10,000 civilizations seeking communications in the galaxy, a 2011 study later published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences suggested that Earth could be a rare bird among planets.
It took at least 3.5 billion years for intelligent life to evolve, the theory by Princeton University researchers David Spiegel and Edwin Turner said, which indicates it takes a lot of time and luck for this to happen.
Other explanations for the Fermi paradox include extraterrestrials "spying" on Earth, ignoring it altogether, visiting it before civilization arose, or visiting it in a way that we can't detect.
Recent Fermi paradox discussion
While the Fermi Paradox question has baffled scientists for decades, there are some new insights that could help researchers better understand why aliens have been so hard to find.
In 2015, a study looked at the likelihood of a world evolving with a habitable environment, using data from the Hubble Space Telescope and Kepler Space Telescope. It suggests Earth was an early bloomer. Even though the study excluded intelligent life, the study suggests that our planet's birth came very early in the universe's history. When Earth was formed about 4.6 billion years ago, the study said, only "8 percent of the potentially habitable planets that will ever form in the universe existed." In other words, most of the material available to form habitable planets is still around — giving lots of time for alien civilizations to form.
Or perhaps life may be too fragile to survive for long. A 2016 study suggests that the early part of a rocky planet's history can be very conducive to life, as life could emerge after about 500 million years after the planet cools down and water is available. However, after that point the planet's climate could easily wipe life out. Look at Venus (which has a runaway greenhouse effect) or Mars (which lost most of its atmosphere to space). The study was led by Aditya Chopra, who was then with the Australian National University (ANU) in Canberra.
In 2017, Space.com republished a RealClearScience article with 12 reasons why we cannot find aliens, ranging from intelligent life self-destructing to nobody being willing to transmit their whereabouts.
I’ve seen a fair share of incredible illusions while surfing the internet, but for a long time have I not seen a mind-boggling illusion like this one.
A Mathematician has created a refreshing optical illusion that will surely hurt your brain.
Professor Kokichi Sugihara is a Mathematician and doctor of engineering at Meiji University in Tokyo, and his ‘arrow’ illusion has left the internet baffled.
He essentially created an arrow that seems to always point to the right.
No matter how you rotate the arrow, it always turns right. Right?
The trick of the eye is one of the many illusions carefully crafted by professor Sugihara.
The arrow which was rigidly mounted on a wooden stand was built with great care to feature this brain-hurting event.
However, this duplicity (always right) can only be seen when observing the ‘arrow’ from above.
Professor Sugihara is famous for crafting mind-bending optical illusions that appear to question the very foundations of physics.
But with careful observations and a bit of time, the secrets are unfolded.
Professor Sugihara took the internet by storm after it was posted on the Instagram page Physicsfun, where it had been viewed nearly 400,000 times at the time of publication.
The post was accompanied by a brief description where the author explains:
“Spin this arrow 180 degrees and it still points to the right – only in a mirror will it point left, and only to the left. A clever combination of reflection, perspective, and viewing angle produce this striking illusion.”
The post on Phyiscsfun’s Instagram page reveals the secret of the illusion. The arrow is shown tilted up which allows the viewer to appreciate its true shape: an oblong with two pointed ends, featuring a number of upward and downward gradients.
And precisely this awkward symmetrical layout is what plays around with your mind. These features are also characteristic of Professor Sugihara’s work.
When you observe the ‘arrow’ from above, the object seems perfectly symmetrical. However, from a different perspective, like the first video of the arrow, the undulations visible from above make the arrow appear as if it was always pointing in the same direction: right.
According to several researchers, the Lux also known as The Being of Light is an otherworldly being present on our earth that does not need a physical body to enter and move in our world. This being, baptized with the name of Lux, has a small form, made of light.
As ancient scriptures teach us, human beings are made up of 4 elements: body, mind, spirit and soul. In our case, the body acts as a container for the other three elements. But the Lux is formed only by two elements: mind and spirit.
Lux: The parasitic alien present on our planet
Lux is a metamorphic plasma being that parasites about 80% of the population of our planet. The Lux comes from nebulous areas of our Galaxy (impossible for us to determine location) where they find the necessary elements (matter and antimatter) whose interaction is able to generate intelligent life forms without a physical body.
THE EXISTENCE AND THE BIRTH OF THE LUX
To explain the existence of Lux , we must take a step back and understand some of the dynamics of our Universe, still in many ways, completely unknown. Around the 60s of the twentieth century the Nobel Prize in physics in 1970 Hannes Alfven theorized the cosmology of plasma. An expert in the field of magnetodynamics, Alfven argued that magnetic fields had and played a fundamental role in the composition of cosmic structures.
It was he who proved that the Milky Way had a magnetic field that was not the mere sum of the stellar ones and hypothesized that such a galactic magnetic field was due to interstellar plasma motions. The Nobel Prize winner hypothesized that intergalactic plasma also has, with its motions, the ability to generate strong magnetic fields able to overlap with the action of gravity. He also thought that there were huge clashes between matter and antimatter, giving rise to multitudes of mini Big Bang. The common theories on the Universe are based on weak forces (magnetic force + gravitational force) and on the electrical neutrality of matter in terrestrial laboratories, but which can not be applied in the space in which the “Plasma” dominates, ie the 4th state of the matter, where the other 3 are gaseous, liquid and solid.
So this means that the Plasma has as main property that of transporting the electric current, forming “filaments” of energy that follow the lines of the magnetic fields, in fact in the cosmos these filaments are everywhere present. Summing up: in physics and chemistry, a Plasma is an ionized gas, consisting of a set of electrons and ions, globally neutral, but being made up of charged particles, the overall motions of the Plasma particles are largely due to the long range that come to create, and that tend to keep the plasma neutral. As such, Plasma is considered as the fourth state of matter, which is distinguished from solid, liquid and gas. The free electrical charges mean that Plasma is a good conductor of electricity, and that it responds strongly to electromagnetic fields.
From a higher perspective, this Alien corresponds to an attempt at the last minute of the Black Demiurge to create an alternative life base with the ability to operate with one’s own will and independence in our Universe. As if it were a cancer, the Lux is consumed in an unstoppable way to exhaust all the available energy at hand. These operations of true energetic drainage are obtained by means of different modes and formulas of parasite or interference, both on the human body and on the extraterrestrial animal and body.
THE LUX AND THE MAN
Once you realize that the matter that generates them has a limit and is unable to keep them alive forever, since once they were exhausted they would also end up existing, they went in search of other sources of alternative energy.
By dividing one’s being from a giant Lux-Mother to smaller, much more numerous and able to take on the most varied forms, they have spread everywhere, in search of worlds in which to absorb as much energy as possible, becoming at the same time same a metastasis. First they began their work of “vampirism” on animal and plant forms present in many planets scattered in the galaxy, then just met intelligence and other sentient forms like them, they gave life to a real parasitic, both subtle and consenting, with the host body.
In this long wandering, as far as the Lux of our galaxy is concerned, millions of years ago they came into contact with the Sauroidi race, which had long since settled among the planets of the stars of the Orion belt.
At first this vampirism began in a subtle and silent way, then when the Sauroidi evolved so much that they arrived to discover their presence, an exchange of information began, up to mutual mutual aid. The Sauroids needed to acquire more knowledge of the created and of the Universe, feeding their voracity of conquest thanks to a greater knowledge, while the Lux found in it an impressive force and a container to live and in which it would be able to draw a lot of energy, albeit for a limited time (here is born the myth of the “Fruit of Knowledge” of which the Serpents are the carriers and who will then also donate to the current Man, or the “knowledge of the Lux”). Writing what happened next would be too long and complicated and I will do it elsewhere,
Found Man on a wonderful planet, Eden or the Earth, (the First Man or the Giants of whom I speak in the Archeogenesis) but realizing that it was not possible to subject him to their will, they decided in common accord with other alien races that in the meantime had joined the project, to create a smaller container, able to contain that energy and then exploit it. Here the current human being appears on the scene, a synthesis of a genetic operation that saw the unification of the alien genome, with that of the First Man and the monkeys.
All this part is deepened in several parallel studies and analogous to this, but from this reconstruction it is possible to draw many food for thought. The Sauroidi, which in the mythology are the Snakes, grant to man in the Garden of Eden, the “Fruit of Knowledge”, in reality this fruit is what they have been carrying within for a long time, the “knowledge of the Lux”, this entity of light generated by the same matter of which the stars, the Universe and the creators are formed. But Lux in reality, was not and is not only an entity of Light able to know in depth the secrets of the cosmos, but also an intelligent entity that, aware of its mortality, is able to make any gesture and stratagem to survive. and because his very existence is not lost.
As soon as the New Man (the current Human Being) was created, he installed himself inside his container, parasitizing him and manipulating all his future evolution. But Lux in reality, was not and is not only an entity of Light able to know in depth the secrets of the cosmos, but also an intelligent entity that, aware of its mortality, is able to make any gesture and stratagem to survive. and because his very existence is not lost. As soon as the New Man (the current Human Being) was created, he installed himself inside his container, parasitizing him and manipulating all his future evolution. But Lux in reality, was not and is not only an entity of Light able to know in depth the secrets of the cosmos, but also an intelligent entity that, aware of its mortality, is able to make any gesture and stratagem to survive. and because his very existence is not lost. As soon as the New Man (the current Human Being) was created, he installed himself inside his container, parasitizing him and manipulating all his future evolution.
For millions of years, Lux has kept the entire humanity subjugated to its will, creating a false mysticism which, acting on the partly animal and suggestible side of man, has been able to direct it towards a certain objective.
He made it possible to spread and multiply the men on the planet, contributing to the development of the various races, then from them were born the countless cultures, the first peoples, the first kingdoms, the first nations, the empires, but above all the religions. On religion he has conducted an intense and systematic work, because by acting on the human psyche, inclined to mysticism, he was able to manipulate the mass of Humans that slowly increased over the millennia; passing his “Fruit of Knowledge” as a divine gift of which Man had become the only universal bearer.
For this reason the parasitic modes of the Lux are ambivalent, they put in doubt, they keep in a continuous state of doubling the man who hosts him, gratifies him and at the same time submerges him with the sense of guilt, because it is the internal divine voice that speaks to you and makes you understand what is right or wrong. His being a vampire is all-encompassing, because the more he leads man in a millennial game of manipulation, the more he feeds on his experiences and his inexhaustible energy source. It continually draws energy from Humans alone endowed with Mind and Spirit, creating contrasts, misunderstandings and wars, and withdraws energy from Humans endowed with Soul, because they are the creatives and those who possess the true divine spark.
A CURIOSITY:
As written at the beginning of the reconstruction, Plasma on Earth, unlike in the cosmos, is very rare, so when the Lux came to Earth at the beginning it was able to move only through approaching and physical contact with others individuals (typical of passages from demonic possession), currently, however, thanks to human technological development, is able to move on the entire globe thanks to electricity and enter our homes with extreme speed and ease, even by a grip of the light or a light bulb.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
Ancient Manuscripts Contain Evidence of Planet Nine Claim Scientists
Ancient Manuscripts Contain Evidence of Planet Nine Claim Scientists
By analyzing ancient manuscripts and data gathered by Anglo-Saxon Astronomers, in combination with modern data by NASA and other space agencies, experts from Queen’s University hope to narrow down the location of elusive Planet Nine.
In the distant past, ancient astronomers spotted countless things in the night sky.
For example, thousands of years ago, the ancient Egyptians discovered a star located 92 light years away.
We have reported in earlier articles how a study by scientists from the University of Helsinki analyzed an ancient Egyptian papyrus and found it is the oldest preserved historical text of naked-eye observations of a variable star located 92 light years away, the eclipsing binary star Algol.
An 1145 depiction of ‘Halley’s Comet’.
Image Credit: Queen’s University Belfast.
Now, scientists at Queen’s University in Belfast believe how trails of dust and gas in the night sky, spotted by Anglo-Saxon astronomers may provide evidence of the mysterious Planet Nine.
In 2016, astronomers from Caltech published a study reporting the existence of an undiscovered planet, located in the outermost reaches of our solar system.
It is estimated that Planet Nine has ten times the mass and two to four times the diameter of the Earth.
According to Caltech astronomers, Planet Nine has a massive orbit, meaning that it takes between 10,000 and 20,000 years to make a single pass around the sun.
But even before 2016 have astronomers debated whether such a rogue planet may exist at the edge of our solar system.
But despite searching for the elusive world, astronomers on Earth have still not managed to find it.
According to news reports of January 2016, astronomer Michael Brown suggests there is a ninety percent probability that such a planet really exists. Astronomers say that the existence of such an alien world would explain the strange way distant objects in space move.
This is the Bayeux Tapestry and it features a depiction of the 1066 Halley’s Comet. Now, experts from Queen’s University Belfast say that trails of dust and gas in the night sky recorded by ancient Anglo-Saxon astronomers may contain evidence of the elusive Planet Nine.
And since planet nine has eluded discovery, scientists from Queen’s University believe how ancient depictions of comets in the Dark Ages may provide crucial data on the whereabouts of the mysterious alien world.
Experts believe how ancient Anglo-Saxon accounts, together with modern scientific methods could be used to investigate the effects of such a world and spot it in the sky.
According to medieval historians and astronomers from Queens University, we may learn about the enigmatic planet by exploring the Anglo-Saxon understanding of the cosmos.
Experts combine record of comets spotted by Anglo-Saxon astronomers, as well as contemporary images of space objects, including data obtained from NASA and The Northern Ireland Amateur Astronomy Society.
By combining modern data with ancient accounts, researchers believe they could narrow down the location of planet nine.
“This research project renegotiates the meaning and importance of medieval science and demonstrates how medieval records of comets can help test the theory of the existence of the elusive ‘Planet Nine’.”
“Looking at records of comets in Old English, Latin, Old Irish and Russian texts we aim to show that the early medieval people actually recorded genuine astronomical observations, reflecting their interest in cosmology and understanding of the heavens. The idea for this study came about from the strong desire to challenge the assumption and perceived lack of scientific inquiry in the early Middle Ages, commonly referred to as ‘Dark Ages’,” explain experts.
Dr. Pedro Lacerda, an astrophysicist, and expert on comets and the solar system at Queen’s added: “It is fantastic to be able to use data which is about one thousand years old to investigate a current theory. To me, this is one of the most fascinating aspects of our project.
“Any strong indication that a ‘Planet Nine’ is required to fit the comet sightings recorded in the Middle Ages will be a unique result and will certainly have a remarkable impact on our understanding of the solar system.”
A cave or cavern is a natural underground space large enough for a human to enter. Caves form naturally by the weathering of rock and they often extend deep underground. Because of their uniqueness and beauty, some caves have become very interesting places for tourists and photographers worldwide.
1. Sea Cave in Algarve, Portugal
linkThis beautiful sea cave is located near Benagil Beach in the Algarve region of Portugal. As you can see the bottom of the cave is covered with fine sand, and on the roof there is a “window to the sky”. [map]
2. Crystal Cave, Iceland
This cave in the glacier ice is the result of glacial mill, or Moulin where rain and melt water on the glacier surface are channeled into streams that enter the glacier at crevices. The waterfall melts a hole into the glacier while the ponded water drains towards lower elevations by forming long ice caves with an outlet at the terminus of the glacier.
link The fine grained sediments in the water along with wind blown sediments cause the frozen meltwater stream to appear in a muddy colour while the top of the cave exhibits the deep blue colour. Due to the fast movement of the glacier of about 1 m (3 ft) per day over uneven terrain, this ice cave cracked up at its end into a deep vertical crevice, called cerrac. This causes the indirect daylight to enter the ice cave from both ends resulting in homogeneous lighting of the ice tunnel.
link The cave is accessible through a 22-foot (7 m) entrance on the shoreline. At the end it tapers to a tight squeeze no more than four feet high (1,2 m). Ice caves are in general unstable things and can collapse at any time. They are safe to enter only in winter when the cold temperatures harden the ice. Even so one could hear constant cracking sounds inside the cave. It was not because it was going to collapse but because the cave was moving along with the glacier itself. Each time the glacier moved a millimeter loud sounds could be heard. [link, map]
3. Devetashka Cave, Bulgaria
link Devetashka cave is one of the biggest caves in Bulgaria but it is most famous for its amazing history. It is also currently home to nearly 30,000 bats.
The man on the floor of the Devetashka cavelink Devetashka cave is located 18 km (11mi) northeast of Lovech and 2 kilometers (1.2mi) away from the village of Devetaki. The cave is also known as Maarata or Oknata for its seven different-sized holes in the ceiling, through which sunlight penetrates and illuminates the central hall and part of its two fields.
Old building inside of entrance area link The entrance of the cave is 35 meters (115ft) wide and 30 meters (100ft) high. About 40 meters (130ft) after the entrance, the cave widens, forming a spacious hall with an area of 2,400 sqm (0.6 acres). The height of the hall is 60 meters (197ft); at some places it reaches 100 meters (330ft). [link, map]
4. Glow Worm Caves, New Zealand
link Waitomo, New Zealand is famous for one thing. Every year, heaps upon heaps of travelers come here to see the infamous glow worms that line the ceilings of the nearby caves. The glow worms emit a phosphorescent glow that shines from the roofs of the caves like a starry night.
link The interesting thing about the glow worms is that they aren’t really glow worms. They’re fly larvae. And what glows? Well, that’s their waste and snot. The larva glow to attract prey into its threads by making the prey believe they are outdoors as the roof of a cave looks much like a starry night. Hungry larva glow brighter than ones that have just eaten. There are a couple of ways to see the glow worms. There’s the three hour black water tubing trip, the five hour trip that includes abseiling and climbing, or, if you like it easy, a boat. [link, map]
5. Cueva de Arpea, Spain
link Cueva de Arpea is located below the twisted rock layers in Aezkoa valley in northern Spain. That area is home to some truly amazing caves.
link The cave is called in french “caverne d’harpea”. It’s believed to have been used as a refuge by ancient shepherds since old times. [map]
Near where the Minnehaha Creek meets the Mississippi River, a 53 ft (16m) waterfall that freezes during the winter creates a temporary cave behind a wall of ice. Due to the extremely cold temperatures in the area during the winter months, the falls freeze, creating a dramatic cascade of ice that can last well into the spring.
Minnehaha Creek is located in Hennepin County, Minnesota that extends from Lake Minnetonka in the west and flows east for 22 miles through several suburbs west of Minneapolis and then through south Minneapolis. Including Lake Minnetonka, the watershed for the creek covers 181 square miles.
The creek might have been unremarkable except for the 53 foot (16m) Minnehaha Falls located near the creek’s confluence with the Mississippi. The site is not far from Fort Snelling, one of the earliest white settlements in the region. [link, map]
Fingal’s Cave is a sea cave on the uninhabited island of Staffa, in the Inner Hebrides of Scotland, part of a National Nature Reserve owned by the National Trust for Scotland. It is formed entirely from hexagonally jointed basalt columns.
Its size and naturally arched roof, and the eerie sounds produced by the echoes of waves, give it the atmosphere of a natural cathedral. The cave’s Gaelic name, An Uaimh Bhinn, means “the melodious cave“.
The cave has a large arched entrance and is filled by the sea. Several local companies include a pass by the cave in sightseeing cruises from April to September. However, it is also possible to land elsewhere on the island and walk to the cave overland, where a row of fractured columns forms a walkway just above high-water level permitting exploration on foot. [link, map]
Cave of the Crystals or Giant Crystal Cave is a cave connected to the Naica Mine 300 metres (980 ft) below the surface in Naica, Chihuahua, Mexico. The main chamber contains giantselenite crystals (gypsum, CaSO4·2 H2O), some of the largest natural crystals ever found.
The cave’s largest crystal found to date is 12 m (39 ft) in length, 4 m (13 ft) in diameter and 55 tons in weight. The cave is extremely hot with air temperatures reaching up to 58 °C (136 °F) with 90 to 99 percent humidity. The cave is relatively unexplored due to these factors. Without proper protection people can only endure approximately ten minutes of exposure at a time.
Ik Kil is a well known cave with no roof, or a sinkhole outside Pisté in the Municipality of Tinúm, Yucatán, Mexico, It is located in the northern center of the Yucatán Peninsula and is part of the Ik Kil Archeological Park near Chichen Itza. It is open to the public for swimming and is often included in bus tours.
This cave is open to the sky with the water level about 26 metres (85 ft) below ground level. There is a carved stairway down to a swimming platform. Ik Kil is about 60 metres (200 ft) in diameter and about 40 metres (130 ft) deep. There are vines which reach from the opening all the way down to the water along with small waterfalls. Also, there are black catfish which swim in the sinkhole. [link, map]
Mato Grosso do Sul region in Brazil (and especially the quiet town of Bonito) boasts many marvelous underground lakes: Gruta do Lago Azul, Gruta do Mimoso, Aquário Natural. The world famous “Gruta do Lago Azul” (Blue Lake Cave) is a natural monument whose interior is formed by stalactites, stalagmites and a huge and wonderful blue lake.
The beauty of the lake is something impressive. The Blue Lake Cave has a big variety of geological formation but impresses mainly for the deep blue colored water of its inside lake. [link]
In Patagonia, South America, General Carrera Lake is shared by Argentina and Chile. But on the Chilean side of the beautiful emerald-green to turquoise-blue waters, there are breathtakingly beautiful marble caves carved into passageways and caverns.
These amazing marble formations were sculpted by erosion into three main marble formations: La Capilla (the Chapel), El Catedral (the Cathedral), and La Cueva (the Cave).
Aliens and ancient Egypt! A global effort has begun — Secret files hidden from the public for decades, Detailing every ufo account, are now available to the public.
Aliens and ancient Egypt! A global effort has begun — Secret files hidden from the public for decades, Detailing every ufo account, are now available to the public.
Alien alphabet Pleiades, Sirius, Atlantida
Aliens and ancient Egypt ANCIENT EGYPT. COULD IT BE THAT THE HIEROGLYPHS LEFT BEHIND BY THIS MYSTERIOUS CULTURE DETAILED A HISTORY OF VISITORS FROM ANOTHER PLANET? AND THE STORY OF AN ADVANCED ALIEN RACE ASSISTING PEOPLE ON EARTH, THOUSANDS OF YEARS AGO? IF THIS IS TRUE, THIS COULD ABSOLUTELY CHANGE AND ALTER EVERYTHING WE BELIEVE ABOUT THE HUMAN RACE.
FROM STORIES OF VISITATION BURIED WITHIN ANCIENT TEXTS TO EVIDENCE THAT EGYPTIAN STRUCTURES DID NOT BEGIN ON EARTH, TONIGHT, WE REVEAL THE INCREDIBLE TALE OF STRANGE BEINGS BEHIND ONE OF THE MOS ADVANCED CIVILIZATIONS IN HUMAN EXISTENCE. JOIN US, AS THE ALIEN HISTORY OF THE EGYPTIAN GODS IS UNSEALED. A GLOBAL EFFORT HAS BEGUN.
ANCIENT EGYPT IS ALMOST LIKE A WELL OF OUR OWN HUMAN PATHS. THE MORE WE EXPLORE THE MYSTERIES OF ANCIENT EGYPT, THE MONUMENTS, THE PYRAMIDS, THE SPHINX, THE MORE WE REALIZE THA THERE’S MORE TO LEARN ABOU ANCIENT EGYPT AND ITS POTENTIAL RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER EXTRATERRESTRIAL RACES. DENDERA, EGYPT. AMONG THE MANY RUINS HERE, THE GREAT TEMPLE OF HATHOR SERVES AS THE CENTRAL TEMPLE OF WORSHIP FOR THE GODDESS HATHOR, MOTHER, WIFE AND DAUGHTER OF RA, THE SUN GOD. WHAT’S FASCINATING ABOUT THE TEMPLE OF HATHOR IS THAT IT HAS THIS BEAUTIFUL CELESTIAL IMAGE ON THE CEILING. AND IT PROVES THAT THE ANCIEN EGYPTIANS WERE FASCINATED WITH ASTRONOMY. BUT HIEROGLYPHICS IN THE TEMPLE OF HATHOR ALSO REVEAL WHAT COULD BE A SCIENTIFIC UNDERSTANDING THOUSAND OF YEARS AHEAD OF ITS TIME. THE MOST MYSTERIOUS ETCHINGS APPEAR TO SHOW A DEVICE THA WOULDN’T BE INVENTED BY MODERN MAN FOR ANOTHER THREE MILLENNIA.
SO YOU HAVE THESE HIEROGLYPHICS THAT DEPICT THIS REPTILE-LIKE CREATURE OR CREATURES, GIVING THESE GIFTS TO HUMANS. AND THE GIFTS, REALLY, UPON LOOKING AT IT, ARE BULBOUS IN NATURE, THEY’RE EMITTING A LIGHT, YOU COULD EVEN ARGUE THA THERE’S A FILAMENT INSIDE THA LOOKS LIKE A LIGHT BULB. SOME PEOPLE SAY THA IT’S A LIGHT BULB.
DID ANCIENT EGYPTIANS POSSESSED THE KNOWLEDGE OF ELECTRIC LIGHT BULBS OVER 3,000 YEARS BEFORE THOMAS EDISON? AND CAN THE RECORDS OF ANCIEN EGYPT REVEAL THE TRUE IDENTITY OF THE STRANGE CREATURES PASSING THEIR KNOWLEDGE TO MANKIND? UNSEALED CASE FILE: THE TULLI PAPYRUS. ONE OF THE MOST RECEN ACCOUNTS OF POSSIBLE INTERACTION BETWEEN EGYPTIANS AND EXTRATERRESTRIALS COMES FROM THE TULLI PAPYRUS.
ACCORDING TO REPORTS, THE TULLI PAPYRUS WAS DISCOVERED IN A CAIRO ANTIQUE SHOP BY ALBERTO TULLI, A DIRECTOR OF THE VATICAN MUSEUM’S EGYPTIAN STUDIES. THE MESSAGES’ ALLEGED TRANSLATION REVEALS A SHOCKING ACCOUNT OF UNIDENTIFIED VISITORS OVER THE SANDS OF ANCIENT EGYP MORE THAN 3,500 YEARS AGO. IT READS: “IN THE YEAR 22, A STRANGE FIERY DISK WAS COMING IN THE SKY. AFTER SEVERAL DAYS HAD PASSED, THEY BECAME MORE NUMEROUS IN THE SKY THAN EVER. THEY SHINED IN THE SKY, MORE THAN THE BRIGHTNESS OF THE SUN. POWERFUL WAS THE POSITION OF THE FIERY DISKS.
”THE TULLI PAPYRUS DESCRIBES FIERY DISKS THAT WERE FLYING THROUGH THE SKY. WHAT DO WE CALL THESE NOW? WE CALL THESE UFOs, AND I ALMOST LOOKED LIKE AN ALIEN FLEET, THAT EXTRATERRESTRIALS WERE FLYING OVER THE SKIES OF ANCIENT EGYPT. MANY BELIEVE THESE FIERY DISKS COULD BE THE ARRIVAL OF ALIEN BEINGS DEPICTED IN THE TEMPLE OF HATHOR. IF THIS IS TRUE, THEN WE HAVE AN ACTUAL DOCUMENTED ACCOUNT OF UFOs DESCENDING UPON ANCIEN EGYPT. AND ON TOP OF THAT, WE COULD HAVE EVIDENCE OF TECHNOLOGY THOUSANDS OF YEARS AHEAD OF ITS TIME.
IS IT POSSIBLE THAT WHAT WE THOUGHT OF AS GODS WERE IN FAC EXTRATERRESTRIALS THAT THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS WERE COMMUNICATING WITH? AND IF SO, THEN WHY WERE THEY HERE? AND WHAT DID THEY WANT FROM US? COMING UP NEXT, THE ANSWER TO THESE MYSTERIES COULD REVEAL THE GREATEST ALIEN SECRETS IN HUMAN HISTORY AND UNCOVER THE TOMB OF AN ANCIENT RULER KNOWN TO SOME AS THE ALIEN KING.
“UNSEALED: ALIEN FILES” EXPOSING THE BIGGEST SECRE ON PLANET EARTH.
WELCOME BACK TO “UNSEALED: ALIEN FILES” ANCIENT EGYPTIAN RECORDS PROVE AN UNDENIABLE LINK BETWEEN THE PEOPLE OF EGYPT AND MYSTERIOUS BEINGS THAT HAVE BEEN INTERPRETED AS GODS. BUT WERE THESE GODS MERE FOLKLORE? OR COULD THEY HAVE BEEN ACTUAL CREATURES VISITING OUR PLANE AND SHARING THEIR SECRETS WITH MANKIND? IF THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS HAD HAD CONTACT WITH EXTRATERRESTRIALS, MAYBE ALL OF THE HIEROGLYPHS THAT WE SEE TODAY OF THEIR GODS ARE ACTUALLY THEIR INTERACTIONS WITH EXTRATERRESTRIALS. ABYDOS, EGYPT. CARVED INTO THE WALLS OF THE FAMED TEMPLE OF SETI ARE INCREDIBLE IMAGES THAT SOME BELIEVE COULD CONNECT ANCIEN MEN AND ALIEN LIFE.
ON THE WALLS OF THESE EGYPTIAN EDIFICES, THERE SEEMED TO BE HIEROGLYPHIC DEPICTIONS OF AN AIRCRAFT. THERE’S A HELICOPTER. A MODERN TYPE OF AIRCRAFT. IT LOOKS LIKE THERE’S A SUBMARINE.
WHAT COULD EXPLAIN THAT IN INSCRIPTIONS THAT WERE CARVED INTO STONE 8,000 YEARS AGO? IF THESE ARE RECORDINGS OF MACHINES A MILLENNIA BEFORE THEIR TIME, COULD ANCIENT MEN HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY BY A SUPERIOR RACE? YOU HAVE TO WONDER, WERE THESE FLYING MACHINES IN THE SKY DURING ANCIENT EGYPTIAN TIMES? IS IT SOMETHING THAT THEY BUIL THEMSELVES? OR THIS COULD BE PROOF THA SOMETHING WAS IN OUR SKIES THOUSANDS OF
YEARS AGO.
IF THESE CARVINGS ARE EVIDENCE OF ALIEN CONTACT WITH ANCIENT HUMANS, WHAT WERE THEY HERE TO ACCOMPLISH? THE ANSWER COULD BE IN THE TOMB OF AN EGYPTIAN RULER SOME BELIEVE MAY NOT HAVE BEEN HUMAN AT ALL. UNSEALED CASE FILE: AKHENATEN, THE ALIEN KING. PHARAOH AMENHOTEP IV BECAME RULER OF EGYPT IN 1353 BC.
IF ANCIENT EGYPT WAS VISITED AND INSPIRED BY MARTIAN FOUNDERS, OUR EXPLORATION OF THE RED PLANET COULD PUT US FACE TO FACE WITH OUR ANCESTORS, AND FINALLY UNRAVEL THE TRUTH BEHIND ANCIENT EGYPT.THIS IS “UNSEALED: ALIEN FILES” EXPOSING THE BIGGEST SECRE ON PLANET EARTH.
Mysterious rays of light began radiating from the pyramids around the world
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
I-Team: Documents prove secret UFO study based in Nevada
I-Team: Documents prove secret UFO study based in Nevada
By: George Knapp
LAS VEGAS - UFO investigators are hoping to obtain a treasure trove of Pentagon documents that were generated by a once-secret military study of flying saucers and other weird aircraft.
The government confirms there was a UFO program. It supposedly ended in 2012, but the Pentagon has not yet released any reports or files.
The I-Team gives the first look at documents which prove the UFO study was real and was based in southern Nevada.
Last October, former intelligence officer Luis Elizondo revealed he'd been in charge of a secret Pentagon project that studied UFOs. The story picked up steam two months later when the New York Times reported the name of the program AATIP or Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program. At the same time, two once-classified videos were released.
One of them a 2004 encounter between warplanes from the USS Nimitz carrier group and a vastly superior UFO dubbed the Tic Tac.
(Luis Elizondo explains the Department of Defense's UFO video releases)
"I received communication from a man who worked for one of the defense agencies, a PHD in physics and math. He said 'I know everything about rockets but I don't know what these things are,'" said Sen. Harry Reid.
Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid started a dialogue with a senior scientist working for the Defense Intelligence Agency. Alarmed that no one was paying attention to dramatic intrusions by unknown aircraft, Reid and colleagues secured funding for an ongoing study, but it wasn't called AATIP. The original acronym was AAWSAP or Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications Program.
In Aug. 2008, DIA posted a solicitation for bids. Weeks later, the contract was awarded to Bigelow Aerospace, the initial amount was $10 million. It required Bigelow to provide a facility that qualified for top secret work. Harry Reid did not influence the selection process.
"There was no direct contract vehicle for Senator Reid to take care of a buddy over here in a stake for a contract. That's complete nonsense," Elizondo said.
Space entrepreneur Robert Bigelow's interest in exotic subjects was as obvious as his company logo. He'd spent years -- and millions of dollars -- on his own scientific study of UFOs and related topics. For the DIA contract, he created BAASS, a seperate entity housed within his aerospace plant. He hired a team of 46 scientists and investigators, along with dozens of other support personnel.
The agreement with DIA did not mention UFOs at all. It used more generic terms such as future threats and breakthrough technologies, and specified 12 focal points including, lift, propulsion, materials, versions of stealth as well as human interface and human effects, meaning Bigelow's team would study people who reported unusual experiences beyond seeing UFOs.
A ranch in Utah, known for decades as the site of bizarre encounters, became a living lab for the study. The study produced volumes of highly technical scientific reports including projections about warp drives and antigravity propulsion.
"These studies are so loaded with information," Sen. Reid said. "One thing we learned is over the decades a lot of things happen there's no explanation for. Well there are now."
But at the Pentagon, there was pushback. Some worried the study would become an embarrassment if the word got out. Others opposed it on religious grounds. Bigelow funded it himself for a year but AAWSAP came to an end after 2011. Elizondo, who had interacted with the study from the Pentagon, was assigned to continue the work, but he chose a smaller focus, limited to military encounters with unknown aircraft. his effort, dubbed AATIP, survived by keeping a low profile. Elizondo relied on an informal network of colleagues to investigate cases that came in.
"There were other folks related to our effort," Elizondo said. "It is a confederated approach so you had folks in the Navy, in DIA, in pockets here and there. We worked collectively."
For those who are tired of putting money on the same old boring ball sports, Sportsbet.com.au is offering a slightly more extraordinary wager. But how is pseudoscience messing with the odds?
KIRSTEN FLINT
BETTING ON ALIENS AND OTHER FAKE SCIENCE
If you’ve got a gut feeling about an upcoming encounter of the third kind, you can put money on it.
There’s no fine print on the site, so no word on which official organisation has final say on what constitutes alien contact. But we’re betting a grainy photo of a very far away UFO won’t cut it as proof.
We suspect this sort of ‘evidence’ won’t win the bet for you
BEAM ME UP, BOOKIE!
If Hollywood movies are anything to go by, the first time we make contact with aliens will be in New York.
However, if you think first contact will occur closer to home, you can put money on that too.
Darwin has the shortest odds at $8.00, with Uluru not far behind at $15.00. This isn’t entirely surprising, when you consider that the Northern Territory is notorious for bizarre UFO sightings.
Slightly less likely to be the location is Melbourne, followed by all the other eastern cities.
You can bet that we’ll meet aliens up Ship Creek at $276.
Sportsbet changed the odds when a tabloid reported that Buzz Aldrin said he had seen aliens
The lie detector test came from the Institute of BioAcoustic Biology, an ‘independent research studio’ in Ohio, US. The technology used was ‘top secret’, but it seems that their work involves decoding the frequencies of the voice.
The Daily Star claims that this method is “more reliable than current lie detector tests and could soon replace those used by the FBI and police”.
“Your voice is a holographic representation of all that you are,” espouses the fun-coloured website.
But it wasn’t really Buzz that participated in this lie detector test.
It seems that it was a clip of audio from a documentary (which has since been removed from YouTube for violating copyright) that was analysed for ‘lies’.
In this clip, Buzz describes something that the Apollo 11 crew had seen out the window of their spacecraft.
“THERE WAS SOMETHING OUT THERE THAT, UH, WAS CLOSE ENOUGH TO BE OBSERVED ... [IT] HAD A SERIES OF ELLIPSES, BUT WHEN YOU MADE IT REAL SHARP IT WAS SORT OF L SHAPED. THAT DIDN’T TELL US VERY MUCH.”
On several occasions, Buzz has explicitly stated that it was not an alien. But whoever analysed Buzz’s voice pattern seems to think otherwise.
“Aldrin believes what he is saying emotionally but has doubts intellectually … He has a firm belief in what he saw but logical awareness that he cannot explain what he saw; therefore he thinks he should be doubted,” the report says.
For the Daily Star, this questionable assessment translated directly into Buzz Aldrin saying, “I saw a UFO.” Newspapers around the world picked up on the story, the fake news spread and eventually Sportsbet reconsidered the odds it was offering to punters.
BIOACOUSTICS, BONA FIDE OR BULL?
Bioacoustics is a real, useful scientific field in which researchers use sound to understand the world around us.
RESEARCHERS AT UWA ARE INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF BIOACOUSTICS IN MASS WHALE STRANDINGS. UNLIKE THE INSTITUTE OF BIOACOUSTIC BIOLOGY, THIS IS NOT 'TOP SECRET'.
The Curtin University Centre for Marine Science and Technology is also using bioacoustics to understand marine mammals and fish populations, as well as terrestrial creatures such as the black cockatoo.
In 2013, UWA researcher Dr Monica Gagliano extended bioacoustics to explain plant behaviour, revealing how they can grow in a certain direction or release pollen in response to sounds of a certain frequency.
For all of these applications, evidence exists of their usefulness.
But the Institute of BioAcoustic Biology claims that an understanding of our vocal frequencies can “reverse diseases and traumas previously thought to be incurable, to reveal the secrets of our true nature, to enhance our lives, to predict what may be our fate through the frequencies of our voice”.
For this, there is no evidence.
And frankly, as long as news publications keep spreading stories based on bad science, I don’t blame the aliens for keeping their distance.
If the power goes out in your home, you can usually settle in with some candles, a flashlight, and a good book. You wait it out, because the lights will probably be back on soon.
But if you’re on Mars, your electricity isn’t just keeping the lights on — it’s literally keeping you alive. In that case, a power outage becomes a much bigger problem.
NASA scientists think they’ve found a way to avoid that possibility altogether: creating a nuclear reactor. This nuclear reactor, known as Kilopower, is about the size of a refrigerator and can be safely launched into space alongside any celestial voyagers; astronauts can start it up either while they’re still in space, or after landing on an extraterrestrial body.
The Kilopower prototype just aced a series of major tests in Nevada that simulated an actual mission, including failures that could have compromised its safety (but didn’t).
This nuclear reactor would be a “game changer” for explorers on Mars, Lee Mason, NASA Space Technology Mission Directorate (STMD) principal technologist for Power and Energy Storage, said in a November 2017 NASA press release. Just one device could provide enough power to support an extraterrestrial outpost for 10 years, and do so without some of the issues inherent to solar power, namely: being interrupted at night or blocked for weeks or months during Mars’ epic dust storms.
“It solves those issues and provides a constant supply of power regardless of where you are located on Mars,” Mason said in the press release. He also noted that a nuclear-powered habitat could mean that humans could land in a greater number of landing sites on Mars, including high latitudes where there’s not much light but potentially lots of ice for astronauts to use.
Nuclear reactors are not an unusual feature in space; the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft, now whizzing through deep space after departing our solar system, have been running on nuclear energy since they launched in the 1970s. The same is true for the Mars rover Curiosity since it landed on the Red Planet in 2012.
But we’d need a lot more reactors to colonize planets. And that could pose a problem of what to do with the waste.
An artist’s depiction of a series of Kilopower reactors, working in concert to power an extraterrestrial outpost. (Image Credit: NASA)
According to Popular Mechanics, Kilopower reactors create electricity through active nuclear fission — in which atoms are cleaved apart to release energy. You need solid uranium-235 to do it, which is housed in a reactor core about the size of a roll of paper towels. Eventually, that uranium-235 is going to be “spent,” just like fuel rods in Earth-based reactors, and put nearby humans at risk.
When that happens, the uranium core will have to be stored somewhere safe; spent reactor fuel is still dangerously radioactive, and releases lots of heat. On Earth, most spent fuel rods stored in pools of water that keep the rods cool, preventing them from catching fire and blocking radiating radioactivity. But on another planet, we’d need any available water to, you know, keep humans alive.
So we’d need another way to cool spent radioactive fuel. It’s possible that the spent fuel could be stored in shielded casks in lava tubes or designated parts of the surface, since the Moon and Mars are so cold, though that introduces the risk that someone might accidentally bump into them.
NASA and NNSA engineers lower the wall of the vacuum chamber around the Kilowatt Reactor Using Stirling TechnologY (KRUSTY system). The vacuum chamber is later evacuated to simulate the conditions of space when KRUSTY operates.
Credits: Los Alamos National Laboratory
Right now, all we can do is speculate — as far as we know, NASA doesn’t have any publicly available plan for what to do with spent nuclear fuel on extraterrestrial missions. That could be because the Kilopower prototype just proved itself actually feasible. But not knowing what to do with the waste from it seems like an unusual oversight, since NASA is planning to go back to the Moon, and then to Mars, by the early 2030s.
And in case you were wondering, no, you can’t just shoot the nuclear waste off into deep space or into the sun; NASA studied that way back in the 1970s and determined it was a pretty terrible idea. Back to the drawing board.
Kilowatt Reactor Using Stirling TechnologY (KRUSTY) control room during the full-power run, Marc Gibson (GRC/NASA) and David Poston (LANL/NNSA) in foreground, Geordie McKenzie (LANL/NNSA) and Joetta Goda (LANL/NNSA) in background.
A multi-media simulation of a “super-Earth” astronomers found more than 20 light years away.
MARTIN BERNETTI/AFP/Getty Images
Of the 3,700-plus planets astronomers have discovered outside our solar system,about 53 have been deemed potentially habitable—they’re made of solid rock and reside in a part of their host star’s orbit that is not too hot nor too cold to allow liquid water to exist. This is encouraging news in our search for extraterrestrial life: The more planets we find and identify in the near-infinite expanse of space, and the more we’re able to determine which of them could be amenable to life of some kind, the more likely we’re able to find at least one of them thatis home to alien life—hopefully of similar intelligence to human beings. But if a super-Earth is home to aliens of some kind, we might not ever get a chance to meet them.
Of those 53 planets and counting, about 30 are known as “super-Earths”—bigger than your run-of-the-mill pale blue dot, but still small enough to perhaps sustain life of some kind. Super-Earths generally refer to any rocky planet that’s up to 10 times more massive than Earth. A lot of scientists think they might actually be better targets to study for aliens than smaller planets, since they are more likely to possess a robust atmosphere capable of keeping life warm and cozy and safe from cosmic rays.
But a super-Earth don’t necessarily mean super easy contact with such a civilization; they might act more like a gravitational prison for intelligent life that evolves on such a planet.
In a new paper, Michael Hippke, a researcher who’s worked with the Sonneberg Observatory in Germany, points out that in order to escape the gravitational force of a super-Earth that’s, say, 10 times the mass of our own Earth, a rocket might need something like 440,000 tons of mass, most of it in fuel requirements. It would need to be 70 percent wider and 10 times bigger itself. For context, that’s about the mass of the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt. It’s an incredibly hefty order—perhaps prohibitively so.
“Originally, the paper was an April Fool’s joke paper,” Hippke tells Observer. “After several colleagues noted that the result is important, I decided to follow-up with a regular paper.”
A super-Earth orbiting within the habitable zone of the star Kepler-62, the outermost of five such planets discovered by NASA’s Kepler spacecraft.
Universal History Archive/ UIG via Getty Images
Rocket science is as complex as well, rocket science. It takes a lot of power for something to overcome the gravity of a planet or moon and make its way into space. This “exponentially terrible influence,” as Hippke calls it, inspired him to start thinking about what spaceflight engineers would have to construct if Earth was more massive. “And, of course, there are many such more massive planets out there, called super-Earths.”
Hippke was unable to find previous literature that attempted to answer that question, so he took it on himself to outline the problem and find hypothetical solutions. He then determined that the “super-Earthlings” might be better off bypassing chemical rocket propulsion entirely, and instead build a space elevator, which is exactly what it sounds like. An elevator moving up hundreds of miles into the sky could be an easy way to negate the fuel requirements of lifting a rocket into space, which is why humans are also considering such concepts. Hopefully aliens on a super-Earth have a better choice in elevator music than our species does.
Of course, as Hippke points out, building something like this would require materials with sufficient tensile strength, and that’s far from guaranteed. Carbon nanotubes could be an option. But even so, a space elevator, which is barely possible for a planet like Earth, would be even more difficult to build and operate on another planet.
Hippke also notes another species could try to launch things into space using microwaves or lasers. Of course, this is also far from feasible. The farthest we’ve ever pushed something into the air using microwaves is just 70 meters. And lasers are an entirely different story too—while they might work in pushing something into space, they might also basically incinerate the whole spacecraft (a big point of concern for projects that are seeking to use lasers to launch probes into space). All of this ignores the massive energy requirements needed to operate such tools.
The most feasible option for super-Earth aliens to get off their planet might be nuclear propulsion—setting off an atomic bomb in order to generate enough force for a spacecraft to hurtle out into space. For those leaving the super-Earth, that’s probably an acceptable plan (assuming they aren’t consumed by the explosion). But for everyone else still on the planet, that’s probably unacceptable.
So we might have to accept that an alien species, even if they’re super-geniuses, might be planet locked on a super-Earth. If they exist, these “arrested” civilizations aren’t going anywhere.
But that doesn’t mean we would never be able to find them or make contact with them. If an arrested civilization was looking to broadcast their existence, they wouldn’t launch probes into space, but they’d probably shoot laser or radio signals into space, in hopes someone else has their eyes and ears peering out. SETI scientists already do this, so it might simply be a matter of focusing our instruments on super-Earths more intensely if we have reason to be believe E.T. is really trying to phone us.
Video of 'UFO' cluster over Middlesbrough prompts fierce debate amongst online theorists
Video of 'UFO' cluster over Middlesbrough prompts fierce debate amongst online theorists
A cluster of unidentified flying identified objects spotted in the skies above Middlesbrough sparked online debate
By Keane Duncan
Military activity? A weather balloon? Or signs of extraterrestrial life beyond our solar system?
That’s the question puzzling online theorists after unidentified objects were spotted flying high in the skies above Middlesbrough .
The jet-shaped object, surrounded by a cluster of four other “UFOs” which appear to be connected, was captured on film on April 5.
The witness said: “Whilst walking home from a friend’s house around 7pm, I noticed some dark objects in the sky.
“At first I thought it was a flock of birds, but soon noticed that it looked like some sort of military plane flying in a slightly curved path followed by four small, round objects.
“I got my phone out and started recording. I observed them for around one and a half minutes before losing sight of them in the distance.
“There was just the sound of the plane as it passed by.”
The film, shared on Youtube by The Hidden Underbelly 2.0, has prompted fierce debate amongst UFO theorists.
Some think it is a weather balloon, others say fighter jet, but some are not satisfied and think it could point to something more mysterious.
Scientists have a serious love affair with Mars. If (hopefully “when”) mankind sets foot on another planet, Mars is almost certainly going to be the one, and it’s so much like Earth in terms of composition that there’s still a chance that we might find evidence of extraterrestrial life there. No, I’m not talking about a race of Martian “Warrior Women,” but fossils that reveal microbs or other primitive life forms that may have once inhabited the lakes and rivers we believe covered the planet millions of years ago.
We already have rovers taking samples of Martian soil and studying the makeup of the Martian landscape, but we haven’t found anything to suggest the presence (either current or in the past) of life. Monica Grady, Professor of Planetary and Space Sciences at The Open University, says that if we really want to see whether or not Mars once supported some form of life, we’re going to need to be able to study Mars samples here on Earth.
Effectively studying Martian rock samples requires some pretty sophisticated hardware. The newest Mars rovers and landers from NASA and the European Space Agency are incredibly high-tech, but they simply aren’t capable of performing the kind of analysis that is needed to provide evidence of life. For that, we need to bring rocks back to Earth, and we have to do so in a way that doesn’t risk contaminating either planet.
“The technology that would help us to avoid contaminating Mars with Earth microbes and vice versa (if there turns out to be life there) – “breaking the chain of contact”, where a capsule launched from Mars’ surface with a sample could not return to Earth, as it would risk contaminating our biosphere – is also well developed now,” Grady says. But how exactly do we make it all happen?
NASA’s Mars 2020 rover and the ExoMars rover built by ESA are both capable of preparing samples for return to Earth, but that’s only the first step in a very complicated process. The two agencies are already working out the details, but it’s hardly a walk in the park. Completing the handoff would require a Mars Ascent Vehicle to take off from the Red Planet and successfully enter orbit. Meanwhile, a separate vehicle would have to meet up with the orbiter and take possession of the samples before venturing back towards Earth. None of his has ever even been attempted before.
Complicating matters further is the current budget woes of NASA. The agency doesn’t have a lot of money to play around with these days, and even by leaning on commercial launch companies to help cut costs, organizing multiple launches for the purpose of returning Mars samples to Earth will be incredibly expensive. Thankfully, NASA and ESA have pledged to tackle the challenge together, so hopefully the pursuit of science won’t be held up by an empty wallet.
Astronomers Closer to Solving the Mystery of Fast Radio Bursts
Astronomers Closer to Solving the Mystery of Fast Radio Bursts
Scientists have received mysterious signals from space for the last decade. Are these perplexing signals really E.T. phoning home? Or a scrambled message from a galaxy far, far away? Dubbed “fast radio bursts,” the origin of this phenomenon has remained a mystery — until now.
What Are Fast Radio Bursts?
The latest astronomy research has found the origin of a fast radio burst in a dwarf galaxy some 3 billion light-years away, according to Astronomy. The source of the radio waves, once thought to be extraterrestrial contact, was hard to pin down because the signals only lasted for a fraction of a second.
Since FRBs were first discovered in 2007, astronomers have struggled to understand the science behind the phenomenon. Are FRBs a sign of alien life? Residual signals from a long-ago civilization traversing the vast blackness of space? Or perhaps signs of catastrophic cosmological upheaval?
Finding Clues to Distant Mysteries
The mystery began to unravel when an international group of researchers discovered FRB 121102. Unlike any of the previously discovered FRBs, this radio wave periodically repeated, which allowed scientists to home in on the source, according to Smithsonian Magazine. Thingiverse details how to print a 3-D copy of the radio burst that visually depicts the peaks and dips of the transmission.
In 2012, Arecibo Observatory’s radio telescope was the first to take note of FRB 121102. Then, using the Very Large Array — 27 movable radio dish antennas located in New Mexico — researchers captured a series of nine radio bursts over the next six months. The 8.19-meter Gemini North Telescope, located in Hawaii, confirmed the source of the radio bursts was a dwarf galaxy 3 billion light-years away, Popular Mechanics reported.
Researchers presented their findings in Nature and at the 231st meeting of the American Astronomical Society, delivering an unprecedented level of detail on the elusive FRB, captured at the Arecibo Observatory.
The current theory is that the source of FRB 121102 is a young neutron star — the leftover of a giant star that exploded in a supernova. The neutron star could be engulfed in gas and debris from the supernova. Other dwarf galaxies similar to FRB 121102’s have been found to be home to violent astronomical events, such as “‘superluminous supernovae and long gamma-ray bursts,'” according to interviews with the research team published in Popular Mechanics. The FRB’s don’t appear to be pulsars, or rotating neutron stars that emit radio waves on a predictable interval.
Searching for More Answers
Future research will build on the fact that nearly all of the light from FRB 121102 is polarized (or oriented in the same direction), unlike most other objects that emit unpolarized light in random directions. Emitting polarized light requires the presence of a strong magnetic field, such those given off by massive black holes. Another source could be a magnetar, a type of neutron star formed when a large star consumes all its fuel and collapses in on itself, according to Space.com.
Is it safe to rule out extraterrestrial contact? At this point, it is unclear if FRB 121102 is unique, or if there are other repeating radio sources to be discovered. Astronomy reports that 10,000 FRBs occur every day, so we may have an answer soon.
While astronomers keep looking but have not yet found the rumored Planet 9, and doomsayers still use NASA’s interest in it as proof that their cataclysmic Planet X or Nibiru also exists, two researchers in Ireland think the proof is not in space but on a wall. Wait, what?
The “wall” is in the Ulster Museum where, from May 2 through June 3, the Bayeux Tapestry is on display. This is the first time the Dark Ages tapestry has been outside of France in 950 years. According to various legends, it was either commissioned by Queen Matilda, wife of William the Conqueror, or more likely by William’s half-brother, Bishop Odo, sometime in the 1070s. The embroidered tapestry measures 70 meter (230 ft) by 50 centimeters (20 in) and tells the story of the Norman conquest of England from the Norman point of view.
The cloth gets its name from the Bayeux Cathedral in Normandy where a 1476 inventory is the first historical reference to it. The size of the tapestry alone is significant, considering when it was made. The fact that it has survived in such good shape through all subsequent conquests, wars, sackings and moves is even more impressive. (A recent example: the Gestapo moved it to the Louvre during World War II and Heimlich Himmler was planning to later move it to Berlin.) However, that’s not what interested Marilina Cesario, a University of Ulster medievalist interested in astronomy, and Pedro Lacerda, a Queen’s University astronomer interested in the humanities. According to Space Daily, they were brought together by United Kingdom’s Leverhulme Trust which was funding projects that combine the arts and the sciences.
The end result of the meeting of Lacerdo and Cesario is “Marvelling at the skies: Comets Through the Eyes of the Anglo-Saxons,” the exhibit at the University of Belfast where the Bayeux Tapestry is joined by other examples of astronomical images made by Anglo-Saxons during the Dark Ages. The Bayex Tapestry earns its place in the exhibition due to its famous depiction of Halley’s Comet, the first known picture of the comet which visited in 1066 and was a good omen for William the Conqueror and a bad one for England’s Harold II, who died at the Battle of Hastings.
Halley’s Comet in 1066
Marilina Cesario hopes the exhibit creates new interest in old astronomy.
“We have a wealth of historical records of comets in Old English, Old Irish, Latin and Russian which have been overlooked for a long time. Early medieval people were fascinated by the heavens, as much as we are today.”
What does the Bayeux Tapestry have to do with Planet 9, Dr. Lacerdo?
“We can take the orbits of comets currently known and use a computer to calculate the times when those comets would be visible in the skies during the Middle Ages. The precise times depend on whether our computer simulations include Planet Nine. So, in simple terms, we can use the medieval comet sightings to check which computer simulations work best: the ones that include Planet Nine or the ones that do not.”
In other words, they’re not looking for woven images of Planet 9 (although finding one would be nice) … they’re searching the tapestries for discrepancies in the timing of the comets’ appearances between the pictures and the models. Those differences may indicate they were affected by the existence of a giant rogue planet.
If Planet Nine data is fed into the model and it matches the Dark Ages tapestries, will 1066 be replaced in the annals of famous numbers by 9?
A new investigation of the Dead Sea Scrolls using NASA imaging technology found scrolls that contain some of the oldest “paleo-Hebrew” writing ever found in the collection of mysterious texts and point to the existence of a previously undiscovered scroll, something not found in the Qumran caves for 60 years. According to Haaretz, the writing found on the scroll was “invisible to the naked eye” and was therefore passed over during investigations before using patented NASA space-age technology. Besides pointing to a mysterious, undiscovered Dead Sea Scroll, the text contains evidence of a changing Psalm, and complaints about how the temple was being run.
The announcement was made this week by the Israel Antiquities Authority. The IAA says that by using “imaging technology invented by NASA,” they were able to decipher writing on the scrolls that had been invisible and unknown to even exist. They found fragments that did not seem to be a part of any of the other scrolls in the collection, leading researchers to conclude that an undiscovered Dead Sea Scroll exists, and it’s probably one of the very oldest written.
Undiscovered scrolls are probably inevitable. Last year, researchers discovered the 12th cave in Qumran, which appeared as if it would house an entire new set of scrolls. It turned out to have already been looted, and no scrolls were recovered. That’s a shame, because, although they have been deciphered and dated, we still don’t know exactly who wrote the Dead Sea Scrolls.
The Dead Sea Scrolls are mostly fragmentary.
Any new scroll is hope for researchers that there may be answers to at least some of the many questions that still surround the mysterious Dead Sea Scrolls.
Part of the new discoveries is a third version of the Temple Scroll, which is a scroll describing either how the temple was run, or how it should be run. The new writing seems to differ slightly from the two other versions already found, mainly in that it was written in different handwriting. This leads researchers to believe that it may have been commentary on the state of temple business.
Qumran cave, where the scrolls were first discovered.
The newly deciphered writings also contain a part of the Psalm 147 that had previously been missing: the beginning of the first verse. It turns out that it was a word shorter than the version used today. While not exactly earth-shattering, it’s strange how little that it’s changed since the 1st century CE.
The Dead Sea Scrolls are a curious area of archaeology. On one hand, it’s an incredibly intriguing find, and one that, if completely deciphered, could provide some glimmers of answers to some of humanity’s oldest questions. On the other hand, the scrolls are so mysterious and inscrutable that they currently raise more questions than they answer. As time passes since the initial 1940 discovery, there is a real possibility that some of these questions may never be answered, and the scrolls will remain a mystery.
The answer to that question is “No!” The reason I bring the matter up is because it’s being discussed right now at Rich Reynolds’ blog. It’s important to note that the terms “M.I.B” and “Men in Black” were created years ago to describe those sinister characters who turn up at the homes of UFO witnesses and terrorize them into silence. Today, the fact is that – unlike in the early days of Ufology – those terms are far more flexible than they were decades ago. Yes, the Men in Black are still calling on people and intimidating them. But, while the black suit is still dominating, it’s certainly not alone. Even the MIB, it seems, need a change in style now and again.
Back in the 1960s, when they weren’t always wearing black suits and black fedoras, the MIB were dressing in military uniforms, which is a far cry from the image that most people have of these creepy figures. Even U.S. Air Force personnel have acknowledged that fact. When John Keel’s research into the Mothman phenomenon of Point Pleasant, West Virginia was at its height in 1967, he came across more than a few cases of MIB. But, Keel was also given other accounts of strange characters who scared the you-know-what out of witnesses to UFO activity. They acted like the MIB, some of them looked weird – just like the MIB, too. But, they had the military uniform, rather than the suit.
In early ’67, Keel was able to speak to a Colonel George P. Freeman about this strange development. Freeman said: “Mysterious men dressed in Air Force uniforms or bearing impressive credentials from government agencies have been silencing UFO witnesses. We have checked a number of these cases, and these men are not connected to the Air Force in any way. We haven’t been able to find out anything about these men. By posing as Air Force officers and government agents, they are committing a Federal offense. We would sure like to catch one – unfortunately the trail is always too cold by the time we hear about these cases, but we are still trying.”
So, what we have here are cases of what appear to involve the Men in Black – except that they’re not dressed in black. I have a handful of cases of another kind of MIB: Men in Brown. They look just like the Men in Black. That’s to say they are pale, skinny and menacing. Their modus operandi is just the same: they warn, they threaten, and they give people nightmares. But, there’s not a black suit in sight. Typically, the suit is of a very dark brown. I have one case of a light-brown suit, this one from Warminster, England in the 1960s and after the witness encountered a Flying Saucer-type UFO, late one night. I have several cases of MIB wearing black suits, but also wearing largely unheard of (a) striped ties and (b) fedoras with white bands.
Then, there is the matter of the Men in White. In my 2015 book, Men in Black, Rich Reynolds said: “The Men in Black, whom Nick Redfern has documented rather fully in his book, The Real Men in Black, have been with mankind for a lot longer than surmised. They ensued right after the dawn of civilization, if The Hebrew Bible (the Old Testament) and various myths have any reportorial accuracy. The modern-day MIB phenomenon began with Gray Barker’s introduction of them in his 1956 book, They Knew Too Much About Flying Saucers. However, those versed in early religious and mythological tales know that Men in Black types have pounced on humanity well before 1956. The difference, which seems to have thrown off MIB enthusiasts, is that those early ‘men’ were garbed in white; Men in White, as it were. The Bible is replete with such encounters: Genesis 18/19: Verses 1 through 29 (in Chapter 19) recounts the visitation of God and/or his angels, telling Abraham about a pending birth and the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah.”
So, what we have here is a phenomenon that, for Ufologists, began with the MIB – and meaning quite literally strange characters in black and nothing else. Today, however, things have changed a bit. The term now encompasses entities that are MIB-like, but with certain, significant differences when it comes to their clothing. Should those terms “Men in Black” and “M.I.B.” be phased out, and replaced by something that has a broader scope and meaning? Any thoughts on what such a title should be?
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WAT PROBEERT MEN TE VERBERGEN OP VENUS? ( VIDEO )
WAT PROBEERT MEN TE VERBERGEN OP VENUS? ( VIDEO )
Is het eigenlijk niet vreemd dat altijd alle aandacht uit gaat naar de planeet Mars, terwijl er een andere dichterbij is die ook wel de zusterplaneet van de aarde wordt genoemd?
Die planeet is Venus en misschien is het wel geen toeval dat er nauwelijks aandacht aan deze planeet wordt besteed die qua grootte overeenkomt met de aarde.
Iemand die al jarenlang een obsessie heeft voor deze planeet is Tyler, de man achter Secureteam, die in het dagelijks leven, in het echt, te maken heeft gehad en heeft met de zogenaamde men in black.
Alhoewel hij na de laatste gebeurtenissen behoorlijk was geschrokken omdat dit soort inbreuk op je privéleven toch wel heftig is en hij enkele dagen rust heeft genomen, is hij nu weer terug en dit keer met één van zijn favoriete onderwerpen, de planeet Venus.
Er wordt zelfs gezegd dat miljoenen jaren geleden het klimaat op Venus heel anders was en er ongeveer qua omgeving zo zo uitzag als de aarde en er ongetwijfeld leven op voor kwam. Het verhaal gaat dan verder met dat er iets gebeurde waardoor Venus enorm opwarmde en de planeet bijna letterlijk ging koken, waardoor het nu de heetste planeet in ons zonnestelsel is met een temperatuur van meer dan 450 graden Celsius aan de oppervlakte.
Akatsuki (ochtendgloren) (ook wel PLANET-C genoemd) is een Japanse ruimtesonde van JAXA die op 20 mei 2010 werd gelanceerd om de atmosfeer van de planeet Venus te onderzoeken.
De bedoeling was dat de sonde in december 2010 in een baan om de planeet gebracht zou worden om vandaar uit twee jaar lang metingen te doen. De sonde is hiervoor uitgerust met drie ultravioletcamera's en een infraroodcamera. Verder is apparatuur aan boord om bliksems en vulkanisme te detecteren. In december 2010 lukte het echter niet om in een baan om Venus te komen. Door een probleem in de connectie met de druktanks raakte de motor oververhit en ernstig beschadigd.
In december 2015 kwam Akatsuki na een langgerekte elliptische baan rond de zon weer in de buurt van Venus en op 7 december slaagde JAXA er wel in de sonde met behulp van de secondaire motoren in een baan rond de planeet te brengen.
Toen men echter op een gegeven moment één van de zonnepanelen open klapte, was er in de verte iets waar te nemen dat als het ware in de ruimte lag te wachten en toekeek.
Eenmaal aangekomen bij Venus begon de Akatsuki foto’s te nemen en stuurde deze terug naar de aarde, waar men iets heel vreemds ontdekte.
Een vreemde langwerpige gebogen vorm die tot op de dag van vandaag wetenschappers voor raadsels stelt. Het wordt beschreven als een soort mysterieuze golf
Daarnaast zijn er op foto’s vreemde donkere plekken ontdekt, zoals te zien op de volgende afbeelding.
Dit zijn allemaal tekenen dat er dan misschien op dit moment aan de grond geen leven is op de planeet Venus, maar wel degelijk hoog in de atmosfeer.
En hoewel men dan zegt dat er geen leven op de grond mogelijk is, hoe kan het dat er dan toch opnames verschijnen van iets dat niet anders omschreven kan worden dan als een solide structuur in de vorm van de letter H?
Hier volgt het hele verhaal van Tyler en wat hij denkt dat er allemaal speelt op de planeet Venus.
It took place at MacArthur Park, Los Angeles. Approximately 60 UFOs appeared. With approx 100 eye-witnesses could attest. Amazing footage taken and commented by Robert Bingham.
EPADe Atlas V-draagraket met aan boord de ruimtesonde InSight vertrok deze middag Belgische tijd vanop de luchtmachtbasis Vandenberg in Californië.
WETENSCHAP & PLANEET NASA heeft deze middag zijn ruimtesonde InSight naar Mars gestuurd. Als alles goed loopt, zal ze over acht à negen maanden op de Rode Planeet landen. Belgische wetenschappers zijn nauw betrokken bij het onderzoek.
Met InSight zal de planeet voor het eerst ook inwendig geanalyseerd worden. “In tegenstelling tot eerdere missies - die vaak met mobiele rovers gebeuren - is deze sonde een platform dat wordt neergezet op Mars en niet beweegt”, legde Bart Van Hove van de Koninklijke Belgische Sterrenwacht eerder deze week uit. Hij volgde deze middag de vlucht van de sonde vanuit Brussel. Ook de Belgische professor Véronique Dehant maakt deel uit van het team en stond haar collega’s bij bij de lancering.
Een van de andere grote vragen is of er tektonische activiteit mogelijk is op de Rode Planeet. Het is de eerste keer dat wetenschappers proberen om ‘Marsbevingen’ te detecteren. Dat zal gebeuren met een seismometer. Een warmtesensor in een boorkop zal dan weer de temperatuur meten tot vijf meter onder de grond. Tot nu toe heeft nog geen enkel experiment die diepte kunnen bereiken.
InSight vertrok deze middag om 13.05 uur Belgische tijd vanop de luchtmachtbasis Vandenberg in Californië, aan boord van een krachtige Atlas V-draagraket. De missie, die rond de 650 miljoen euro kost, zal twee jaar duren. Wegens een lek in een onderzoeksinstrument moest de start wel twee jaar worden uitgesteld.
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What Would Happen If Earth Rotated Backwards?
What Would Happen If Earth Rotated Backwards?
What Would Happen If Earth Rotated Backwards? In other words, what would happen in a retrograde rotating Earth?
Have you ever wondered what would happen if our planet rotated differently? If you have, then a computer simulation may offer many answers to your questions.
A computer simulation by experts from the Max-Planck Institute for Meteorology has revealed what would happen if the Earth rotated in the opposite direction. Experts say that the desert would cover North America and the Amazon, and the greenness would spread in Africa and the Middle East.
In the simulation, presented at the 2018 General Assembly of the European Union of Geosciences, the simulation revealed how deserts would disappear from some continents and appeared in others, while cold winters ravaged over Western Europe.
Cyanobacteria, a group of bacteria that produce oxygen through photosynthesis, flourished where they had never before.
Figure 4: Leaf area index and tree cover for a) CNTRL and b) RETRO. The leaf area index is the ratio between the one-sided leaf surface area in a grid cell and the ground surface area. Notice the greening of the vast desert band in the Sahara and Arabia in RETRO.
During the Earth’s one-year orbit around the sun, our planet completes a complete rotation on its axis – going from the North Pole to the South Pole – every 24 hours, rotating at a speed of about 1,670 km / h, measured in the Equator.
Its direction of rotation is programmed, or from west to east, which appears counterclockwise when viewed from above the North Pole, and is common to all the planets in our solar system, except Venus and Uranus, according to NASA.
As the Earth rotates, the thrust and pull of its momentum shape the ocean currents, which, along with atmospheric wind flows, produce a range of weather patterns around the world.
These patterns bring abundant rain to the humid forests or divert moisture from the dry wastelands through rain, for example.
To study how the Earth’s climate system is affected by its rotation, scientists recently modeled a digital version of the Earth by turning in the opposite direction, clockwise when viewed from the North Pole, something known as retrograde, explained Florian Ziemen, co-creator of the simulation and researcher at the Max Planck Institute of Meteorology in Germany, in statements to Live Science.
“[Reverse Earth rotation] retains all the main features of topography as sizes, shapes, and positions of continents and oceans, but it creates a completely different set of conditions for the interactions between circulation and topography,” Ziemen said.
Figure 1: Left column: Annual averaged surface temperature in RETRO (a), CNTRL (b), and the difference between RETRO and CNTRL (c). Black isolines in (a) and (b) show summer and winter sea ice extent. Right column: Annual precipitation and 10m wind in RETRO (d), CNTRL (e), and the difference between RETRO and CNTRL (f).
To simulate what would happen if the Earth rotated in the opposite direction, they used the Terrestrial System Model of the Max Planck Institute to reverse the rotation of the Sun and, therefore, reverse the rotation of the Earth and reverse the Coriolis effect, an invisible force that pushes against the objects that travel on the surface of a rotating planet.
researchers found that a planet like Earth, that rotates differently, was greener. The global coverage of the desert was reduced from around 42 to 31 million square kilometers.
Pastures sprouted in more than half of the old desert areas, and woody plants emerged to cover the other half.
Experts also found that vegetation of this world stored more carbon than our Earth that rotates counterclockwise.
furthermore, through the simulation, experts noticed that deserts arose where they never had before: in the southeastern United States, in southern Brazil and Argentina, and even in northern China.
The change in the rotation also reversed global wind patterns, bringing changes in temperature to subtropics and mid-latitudes; the western areas of the continents cooled as the eastern limits warmed, and the winters became significantly colder in northwestern Europe.
The oceanic currents also changed direction, heating the eastern limits of the seas and cooling the western ones.
In the simulation, AMOC, the ocean current responsible for heat transport around the world, disappeared from the Atlantic Ocean, but a similar and slightly stronger current emerged in the Pacific, bringing heat to eastern Russia. This was somewhat unusual since a previous study that modeled an Earth that rotated in the opposite direction did not see this change.
“But since AMOC is the result of many complex interactions in the climate system, there may be many reasons for this difference,” the study concludes.
Proof of that is the countless discoveries that have been made in the past years. With each discovery, it seems we only learn how little we know about the cosmos.
Now, a recent image shared by the European Space Agency has revealed a stunning new cosmic feature: A kind of massive cosmic fingerprint.
Thanks to ESA’s Gaia mission, which has managed to document a collection of more than 1.7 Billion stares in the Milky Way, the European Space Agency’s Mission has spotted something extraordinary by observing the Large Magellanic Cloud, or the LMC. The first recorded mention of the Large Magellanic Cloud was by the Persian astronomer `Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi Shirazi, (later known in Europe as “Azophi”), in his Book of Fixed Stars around 964 AD.
The second data release of ESA’s Gaia mission has produced an extraordinary catalog of over one and a half billion stars in our galaxy. Based on observations between July 2014 to May 2016, it includes the most accurate information yet on the positions, brightness, distance, motion, color, and temperature of stars in the Milky Way as well as information on asteroids and quasars.
The second release features an incredible characteristic of the Large Magellanic Cloud.
Rotation of the Large Magellanic Cloud. Image Credit: ESA
The Large Magellanic Cloud is located some 200,000 light years from Earth, and it is a Satellite Galaxy of the Milky Way, floating around in space, dancing together in slow motion while traveling through space.
According to reports, the Large Magellanic Cloud has a diameter of about 14,000 light-years (4.3 kpcs) and a mass of approximately 10 billion solar masses, making it roughly 1/100 as massive as the Milky Way. The Large Magellanic cloud is home to the Tarantula Nebula, the most active star-forming region in the Local Group.
Using data gathered from Gaia, scientists say exquisite details about the structure of the Milky Way, its satellites, and the stellar population, in general, were revealed.
By measuring the proper movement of several million stars in the LMC, astronomers were able to see how the stars rotated clockwise around the center of the galaxy.
The impression of movement is what captured the attention of skygazers: It ends up forming a sort of human fingerprint.
Astronomers are interested in deriving the orbits of globular clusters, ancient systems of stars linked by gravity and found in the halo of the Milky Way, and dwarf galaxies that orbit the Milky Way.
This will provide extremely important information to study the past evolution of our galaxy and its environment.
Curiously, the same rotation of the LMC was also spotted by NASA in 2014 when the Hubble Space Telescope revealed that it takes 250 million years for the satellite dwarf galaxy to complete a full rotation
Legendary Lost City Of King David Found by Archaeologists
Legendary Lost City Of King David Found by Archaeologists
Experts have gotten excited about a recently made discovery. According to reports, an ancient city which dates back to the rule of King David from the Old Testament has just been unearthed by experts near Jerusalem.
According to a number of reports, the ancient lost city of King David has recently been uncovered near Jerusalem and biblical experts say it proves the Bible is accurate.
King David’s legend stars with him as a young shepherd, who killed the Giant Goliath with his sling. Eventually, he would take the throne and conquer Jerusalem.
The discovery comes as a surprise as there is a debate among experts whether or not Biblical figures such as King David and King Solomon ever existed.
However, Professor Avraham Faust, a scholar taking part in the excavation believes how the latest discoveries back the case for the historicalaccuracy of the Bible.
The ancient settlement is located about 30 miles from Jerusalem.
Image Credit: Professor Avraham Faust.
According to Professor Fause, the new discovery is “part of the events in the Bible ascribed to the Kingdom of David.”
If we take a look at Biblical references, we will find how King David is believed to have been an ancestor of Jesus and may have lived around 1,000BeforeChrist.
Despite the fact that there is no direct evidence outside of the Bible speaking about King David, the Tel Dan Stele, an inscribed stone erected by a king of Damascus in the late 9th/early 8th centuries BCE to commemorate his victory over two enemy kings, contains the phrase ביתדוד, bytdwd, which most scholars have translated to “House of David”.
Radiocarbon dating tests performed on the archeological discovery suggest that the city belongs to that same time.
However, some experts believe that the ‘legend’ of King David is akin to that of King Arthur, a mixture of myths and historical facts, the basis of which has been lost to the sands of time.
The excavation of the mythical city took place in the Judean Shephelah to the east of the Hebron hills. There, experts have found an artificial mound composed of the built-up ruins of a number of ancient cultures that may have existed in the same area for thousands of years.
Many historic scholars are convinced that the site is the home of the Canaanite city of Eglon, later listed in the bible as part of the Tribe of Judah, of which David was the founder.
However, there are many scholars who question the use of the Bible as a valid historical reference because most events that are mentioned within it lack historical evidence.
Speaking to Breaking Isreal News, Professor Faust said: “We, of course, did not find any artifacts that said ‘King David’ or ‘King Solomon’ but we discovered site signs of a social transformation in the region which are consistent with a change from Canaaniteculture to a Judeanculture.
“Since it took place at a time we believed the Kingdom of David began to spread into this region, it is clear this building was part of the events in the Bible ascribed to the Kingdom of David.”
“The structure was excavated, almost in its entirety, and was composed of a large courtyard with rooms on three sides. Hundreds of artifacts were unearthed within the debris, including a wide range of pottery vessels, loom weights, many metal objects, botanical remains, as well as many arrowheads, evidence of the battle which accompanied the conquest of the site by the Assyrians,” added Professor Faust.
The full findings of the study were published in the journal Radiocarbon.
IN 1974 CARL SAGAN SENT THIS MESSAGE INTO SPACE: IN 2001 WE RECEIVED THIS RESPONSE
IN 1974 CARL SAGAN SENT THIS MESSAGE INTO SPACE: IN 2001 WE RECEIVED THIS RESPONSE
In 1974, a broadcast (known as the “Arecibo” message) put together by Carl Sagan and colleagues was sent into space via radio waves at a special ceremony to celebrate the remodelling of the Arecibo radio telescope in Puerto Rico. It was the most powerful broadcast ever deliberately beamed out into space. The message was directed at a star cluster sitting approximately 25,000 light years away, and consisted of a pictorial message. The radio signal depicted our planet’s location in our solar system, the core principles of our math and science, and the NASA antenna used to transmit the signal, in the hopes that it would be interpreted by an extraterrestrial intelligence. The message also included details about human beings, such as our physical appearance and DNA code. The signal was a million times stronger than the typical TV transmission. You can see the message in the cover photo (above),
27 years later in 2001, the crop circle phenomenon gained some well deserved attention when a pattern in the form of a response to the 1974 broadcast appeared right next to Britain’s largest telescope, the Chilbolton, and observatory, home to the world’s largest fully steerable meteorological radar. It’s one of the most amazing crop circles to ever appear, regardless of whether you believe it was done by human beings or an extraterrestrial intelligence
Above is a picture of what seems to be the response to the message sent out in 1974 by NASA (see cover photo). Only this time, the message describes a different solar system, an image of the sender (just like on the original NASA message), non-human DNA, and a microwave antenna, instead of the radio-wave antenna that was depicted in ours.
A simple Google search would suffice if you want to see more pictures. It was written off as a hoax, like most crop circles are within the mainstream.
The face you see there appeared three days before the rectangular image. The face represented a new technique in crop circle generation, a screen technique that is also used for printing a face on a piece of paper.
What’s also interesting to note is the fact that the microwave antenna signal in this crop circle also appeared a year earlier in the exact same field. You can view an image of that one here.
The Arecibo message sent out into space was in Binary, and I thought it would be fitting to source a declassified NSA (National Security Agency) document titled “Key To The Extraterrestrial Messages.” This document reveals that a series of 29 messages from outer space was received, which also appears to be in some binary form. You can view that document here. The title of the document alone is quite shocking given the fact that it comes straight from the NSA.
Some Things You Might Not Know About Crop Circles
Not many people are aware of the fact that the crop circle phenomenon is a very real one. They happen all over the world and there have been reports of them for decades. Some of these designs are so complex and elaborate that they’ve completely baffled onlookers, researchers, and scientists alike. Not only that, many of the designs are often electrostatically charged, usually with the nodes of some of the plant stalks blasted out on one side. Some of them are also littered with strange magnetic particles. This effect has been replicated by highly localized microwave heating, which causes water inside the plants to vaporize and dislodge, thus flopping the stock completely over to one side.
This fact has had some physicists publish work on the phenomenon, concluding that the perpetrators (who have never been caught in the act of making a crop circle, anywhere) are using GPS devices, lasers, and microwaves to create these astonishing geometric forms (works of art). (source)
“Crop circle artists are not going to give up their secrets easily. This summer, unknown artists will venture into the countryside close to your homes and carry out their craft, safe in the knowledge that they are continuing the legacy of the most science-oriented art movement in history.” (source)
Other physicists, like Dr. Terence Meadon, have explained that the light energy involved is a result of atmospheric phenomena.
So, if the circle makers are indeed human, we are looking at an extremely advanced/artistic group of people with a tremendous amount of resources at their disposal.
What are your thoughts on the crop circle phenomenon? Feel free to share in the comment section below.
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Scientists create mutant enzymes that eat plastic bottles
Scientists create mutant enzymes that eat plastic bottles
Mutants exist and they’re helping to save the planet.
OK, not those kinds of mutants. But these are equally cool.
An international team of scientists has created a mutant enzyme that breaks down plastic drink bottles, according to the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (the link is down at time of writing).
The creation of the enzyme came by accident when the team, led by Professor John McGeehan at the University of Portsmouth, UK, tweaked a bacterium they had discovered in a waste dump in Japan in 2016. The bacterium had naturally evolved to eat plastic, and the scientists inadvertently made it even better at breaking down polyethylene terephthalate, or PET, the plastic used for drink bottles. The break-down process starts in a matter of days, not the centuries it can take in the ocean.
“What actually turned out was we improved the enzyme, which was a bit of a shock,” McGeehan told the Guardian. “It’s great and a real finding.”
In 2017, researchers found 38 million pieces of plastic waste on an uninhabited South Pacific island. Figures from the same year showed that a million plastic bottles are bought around the world every minute. That number is predicted to jump 20 percent by 2021.
“What we are hoping to do is use this enzyme to turn this plastic back into its original components, so we can literally recycle it back to plastic,” McGeehan said. “It means we won’t need to dig up any more oil and, fundamentally, it should reduce the amount of plastic in the environment.”
Titled “A smooth exit from eternal inflation?” discusses how our universe is one in a “multiverse” of infinite parallel universes.
In his final scientific study, Professor Hawking spoke about the universe, its beginning, the multiverse, and parallel universes.
The latest theory on the origin of the universe of Stephen Hawking, developed in collaboration with Professor Thomas Hertog, of the University KU Leuven (Belgium), was initially submitted for publication shortly before the death of Hawking.
Then a group of reviewers gave their approval for the publication of the full version.
Modern Big Bang Theories, and how they all may be wrong
Modern theories about the Big Bang postulate that our “local universe” appeared after a brief outbreak of “inflation,” reports Phys.org.
In other words, a small fraction of a second after the Big Bang, the universe expanded at an exponential rate.
It is generally believed that once “inflation” begins, there are regions where it never stops. It’s a never-ending inflation.
It is considered that the quantum effects can prolong inflation forever in some regions of the universe, so, generally speaking, inflation is eternal.
But they also present, within these regions, a kind of stable pockets (as would be our own universe) where inflation has ended, and stars and galaxies have formed.
Each of these bubbles would then be a unique universe, within a larger and always inflated multiverse.
Kinda’ makes sense
“The usual theory of eternal inflation predicts that globally our universe is like an infinite fractal, with a mosaic of different pocket universes, separated by an inflating ocean,” Hawking said in an interview last autumn, according to the University of Cambridge.
“The local laws of physics and chemistry can differ from one pocket universe to another, which together would form a multiverse. But I have never been a fan of the multiverse. If the scale of different universes in the multiverse is large or infinite, the theory can’t be tested.”
A simplified Version, easy to process
In their latest study, Hawking and Hertog argued that this explanation of eternal inflation, like Big Bang theory, is wrong.
Therefore, they created a simplified model of this behavior and a mathematical approach that could severely restrict the number of possible multiverses.
What would remain would be universes with physics similar to ours.
Both scientists used their new theory to derive more reliable predictions about the global structure of the universe.
They predicted that the universe that emerges from eternal inflation, at the limit of the past, is finite, holographic, and much simpler than the infinite fractal structure of the old theory of eternal inflation.
Proving the theory
For the theory to be proven, however, it will be necessary to develop it to the point of making concrete predictions about the gravitational waves emitted in the initial stages of the universe.
One could predict, for example, what kind of irregularity the gravitational waves should have left in the cosmic background radiation.
If the experimental observations coincide with the predictions derived from the theory, they could even offer indications of the existence of parallel universes.
If we can detect the evidence, we’ll better understand how our own universe and its laws came into existence after the Big Bang – and it could help us understand whether other universes are really out there.
NASA’s InSight Mars is slated to launch tomorrow morning from Vanderberg Air Force Base, in California, atop an Atlas V rocket at approximately 7:05 AM EDT.
If all goes according to plan, InSight should reach our dusty red neighbor by November 26th, 2018. Once on Mars, the lander has a packed two-year itinerary of science to conduct. Unlike other Mars rovers like Curiosity, InSight will stay in one place — a site close to the equator called the Elysium Planitia, close to where Curiosity landed in 2012 — for its entire mission. That’s because its focus is not on the features of the planet’s surface, but instead what’s going on beneath it.
An artist’s rendering of the InSight Mars lander carrying out surface operations. Image Credit: NASA-JPL
The Mars lander’s suite of instruments will include: a probe that will burrow 16 feet into the planet intended to determine how much heat is moving through Mars’ interior, and a seismometer that will look for vibrations of meteorites hitting the planet’s surface, along with the tremblings of “marsquakes.” Together, these tools will hopefully provide new insight about Mars’ composition. The research team hopes to learn more about the formation of Mars and other rocky planets in the neighborhood — including the spinning blue marble we live on.
“Earth has plate tectonics, so its initial crust is essentially gone, it’s all been recycled,” InSight deputy principal investigator Suzanne Smrekar told The Washington Post. “Mars gives us an opportunity to see the materials, the structure, the chemical reactions that are close to what we see in the interior of Earth, but it’s preserved from the first 10 million years [of the solar system]. It gives us a chance to go back in time.”
Two small satellites, each about the size of a briefcase, will launch alongside the InSight Mars lander. These two little satellites, officially dubbed CubeSats because of their shape and small size, are set to detach from the Atlas rocket and go their separate ways from InSight once they all leave Earth’s atmosphere. Once they arrive at Mars, CubeSats will go into orbit around the planet to monitor InSight for a short period around its landing. They’re not needed to communicate with the InSight mission (for that, the lander will use the larger communications satellites already orbiting the planet), but will test how CubeSats fare as they travel through deep space and have to communicate back to Earth from another planet (so far, CubeSats have only ever been put into orbit around Earth).
If InSight succeeds, it will help us answer one of the most fundamental questions we have about our solar system: how did this all get here? And as our species pushes towards becoming multi-planetary, learning more about where our solar system has been could help us, no matter where we’re going.
The Kumburgaz, Turkey UFO incident vouched for its authenticity
The Kumburgaz, Turkey UFO incident vouched for its authenticity
"In conclusion, even though a detailed analysis of the footage is conducted, it might still remain unidentified. Hence, other reference objects need to be recorded in the same frame with the disputable object and further shootings need to be done by ourselves with special equipment in the same location and conditions.
Accordingly, the term “UFO” (Unidentified Flying Object) which has been used for these sort of dubious objects can also be used for these objects. But, this definition does not mean that these objects are from extraterrestrial (flying saucer etc.) origin."
Finding a 475-million-year-old fossil intact is a rare achievement even for top paleontologists. That’s why Dr. Colin Sumrall, Associate Professor of Paleobiology at the University of Tennessee, was shocked to see a long-extinct trilobite with all of its pieces unscathed and even more surprised by who discovered it: an 11-year-old.
Ryleigh Taylor was walking .along the Douglas Lake in Dandridge, Tennessee, when she stumbled upon the fossil, Time reported on Thursday. Not exactly sure what the artifact was, Taylor’s family reached out to Sumrall, who explained that they had discovered something extremely rare.
Trilobite Metacryphaeus
“Typically when we look at fossils of trilobites, they molt when they grow. So what happens is, when the trilobite skeleton just crumbles into hundreds of little pieces,” Sumrall told local news WATE-TV. “To find one where all the pieces are intact, it’s actually a pretty lucky find.”
Trilobites belong to a group of marine arachnomorph arthropods that once thrived as scavengers in Earth’s waters back in the day. The earliest records of Trilobites are from 521 million years ago during the Early Cambrian period, but they really hit their stride (er, sea-bed crawl) during the Paleozoic era. Because they had such a vast geographic reach during their glory days, fossilized trilobites have made important contributions to the studies of biostratigraphy, paleontology, evolutionary biology, and plate tectonics.
Taylor hopes her rare discovery will contribute to such research. The noble 11-year-old said she doesn’t plan to keep the fossil but does intend to donate it to a public museum so that others may enjoy it.
Sumrall was thrilled with Taylor’s choice, seeing as a fossil this old is so infrequently found intact. “To find something like that, it could spark this youngster into a whole career,” Sumrall said. “Maybe she’ll become a great paleontologist one day.”
Nasa to land spacecraft on plain of Mars where online oddballs saw an ‘alien city’ and ‘crashed UFO’
Nasa to land spacecraft on plain of Mars where online oddballs saw an ‘alien city’ and ‘crashed UFO’
Jasper Hamill
Nasa is preparing to send a robotic craft on a mission to Mars, where it will drill deep into the crust of the Red Planet and measure ‘Mars-quakes’ for the first time.
The InSight probe will zoom into the heavens just before dawn on Saturday aboard a beefy, mega powerful 19-storey-high Atlas 5 rocket.
Nasa launches spacecraft bound for Mars Scientists want to explore the rumblings of Mars in a bid to uncover the secrets of its ancient history.
But the wild minds of the internet are likely to be interested in the fact it will land in a place where alien hunters claim to have spotted a ‘crashed UFO’ and an ‘extraterrestrial city’.
Although this was claimed to be a crashed UFO, it is probably the site of an asteroid impact
(Picture: Nasa)
It will touch down on a flat, smooth plain close to the planet’s equator called the Elysium Planitia.
Once settled, the solar-powered InSight will spend one Martian year (two Earth years) plumbing the depths of the planet’s interior for clues to how Mars took form and, by extension, how the Earth and other rocky planets came into being.
‘The science we want to do with this mission is really the science of understanding the early solar system,’ said Bruce Banerdt, InSight principal investigator.
Alien hunters previously claimed to have seen ‘walled cities’ on the Elysium Planitia as well a ‘crashed UFO’.
This picture was hailed as evidence of ‘walled cities’ on Mars
(Picture: Nasa)
But it turns out the truth about this Martian plain could be wilder than the fiction.
The European Space Agency discovered signs of a huge ‘frozen ocean’ that’s about the same size as the North Sea.
‘The water that formed the sea appears to have originated beneath the surface of Mars, and to have come out through a series of fractures known as the Cerberus Fossae, from where it flowed in a catastrophic flood,’ ESA wrote in 2005.
‘It collected in a vast area about 800 kilometres long and 900 kilometres wide with a depth of about 45 metres. As the water started to freeze, floating pack ice broke up into rafts. These became later covered in ash and dust from volcanic eruptions in the region.’
InSight will complete its 301 million mile journey to Mars in about six months time.
Nasa’s InSight spacecraft snapped at Vandenberg Air Force Base on April 6, 2018
(Photo: Reuters)
While Earth’s tectonics and other forces have erased most evidence of its early history, much of Mars – about one-third the size of Earth – is believed to have remained relatively static for more than 3 billion years, creating a geologic time machine for scientists.
InSight’s primary instrument is a French-built seismometer, a device designed to detect the slightest ground motion from marsquakes, even those on the opposite side of the planet.
Scientists expect to see a dozen to 100 marsquakes over the course of the mission, producing data that will help them deduce the depth, density and composition of the planet’s core, the rocky mantle surrounding it and the outermost layer, the crust.
InSight is not the first attempt to measure Martian seismic activity. The Viking probes of the mid-1970s were equipped with seismometers, too, but they were bolted to the top of the landers, which swayed in Martian winds on legs built with shock absorbers.
Banerdt joked: ‘We didn’t do seismology on Mars – we did it 3 feet above Mars.’
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
04-05-2018
NASA successfully tested a nuclear reactor that works in space
NASA successfully tested a nuclear reactor that works in space
Hail Krusty! (NASA)
If space is an ocean, the International Space Station is a raft tethered to the shore. The moon is a nearby island that we’ve visited briefly. To go any further or stay any longer, humanity needs more power.
Now, NASA may have the source: A tiny nuclear reactor called KRUSTY, for Kilopower Reactor Using Stirling Technology. (If you’re wondering if this is may be a reference to a popular animated series, its predecessor was known as DUFF).
The reactor uses nuclear fission—the energy released by splitting uranium-235 in a reactor core about the size of a paper towel— to produce 10 kilowatts of power for about ten years, which NASA says is enough energy to power several houses. Four of the reactors could power an outpost on the lunar surface.
Nuclear energy sources can be controversial because of the deadly radioactivity they can emit in accidents or malfunctions. Yet they remain the most efficient, light-weight source of long-lasting energy, which counts for a lot when you’re paying tens of thousands of dollars per kilogram of mass brought into space.
While long-running satellites use radioactive isotopes to generate power without nuclear fission, solar panels and batteries are the most common way of generating power in space. However, the energy needs required to keep humans alive far outstrip those of robotic explorers. Keeping humans at the right temperature in the vacuum of space, while providing them with air to breathe and water to drink, takes a great deal of energy. And then there’s the work humans might do in space, like mining ice and converting it into hydrogen and oxygen.
Besides demonstrating their small reactor could produce power, the NASA researchers put it through stress tests to ensure that it would operate safely even if systems failed or astronauts had to shut it down.
There are no immediate plans to send KRUSTY into space for now, butifa version ever leaves earth’s surface, it won’t be the first nuclear reactor in space.
There are dozens still in orbit thanks to experiments with nuclear powered satellites during the Cold War space race. The US launched one that remains in orbit, while the Soviets launched dozens; none of them were powerful enough to generate the energy needed for long-term space habitation. One of these fell to earth in far northern Canada, resulting in radioactive contamination and an expensive settlement, while another released a cloud of nuclear liquid that still floats in orbit.
Besides powering the infrastructure of human space survival, some forward-thinking engineers believe that nuclear energy is the only way to make a rocket engine powerful enough to efficiently explore the solar system. The US tested systems until 1975, before we understood just how deadly nuclear tests were to the civilian population. NASA did non-nuclear tests of such propulsion systems as recently as 2013, but since rocket engines tend to explode at least once during testing, the nuclear version will likely have to wait until humans have enough experience in space to develop them there.
More Than 20 People In Yukon, Canada Saw This Impressive UFO In The Sky!
More Than 20 People In Yukon, Canada Saw This Impressive UFO In The Sky!
More Than 20 People In Yukon, Canada Saw This Impressive UFO In The Sky!
What was seen by Many!
Here’s one fantastic example of strange objects that are commonly seen in the sky comes from the Yukon, a province in Canada situated on the Northwest side of the country. Yukon is a very remote area, nowhere near any major cities or populated areas. This incredible reported sighting happened on December 11th, 1996 near a place called Fox Lake. It’s extremely freezing cold in this part of the country at this particular time of year which is not too from Alaska, and again, it is hundreds of miles from any populated public area!
SO What Was Seen And Who Saw It?
Well, according to more than 20 witnesses, a very large aerial object with extremely bright lights hovered near the lake (Fox Lake) between 8pm and 9pm!
The picture we put as the cover for this article was done by a Canadian Engineer called Martin Jasek, who wrote a rather detailed account of the event after he had actually taken the effort himself investigated this strange incident.
“Two of the witnesses were cousins, driving in separate vehicles. Each saw it over the lake, slammed on their brakes, and got out of their vehicles. They watched the huge object as it slowly drifted towards one of them and was soon almost directly overhead. It then moved slowly across the highway and over a hill to the east, whereupon it was lost to view.”
“While the two cousins were observing this object, a married couple with their baby were a bit farther to the south along the same highway, driving toward them. They too saw the object. By the time they caught up with the cousins and pulled over, the object had moved off. The married couple continued driving until they arrived at a lodge farther ahead. There, they told the owner about what they had seen. He promptly recounted a sighting from an earlier witness, who had gotten very close to this object.
“At the nearby village of Pelly Crossing, other people described the same object. In one case it seemed to respond to a man’s flashlight by accelerating towards him. When he turned off his flashlight, the object stopped. By then it had gotten quite close to him, filling much of the sky. It also emitted several beams of light, including one that swooped along the ground. They ran across a clearing, perhaps to get to a better view. When he turned to look for the object, it was gone.”
Just imagine how incredible it would be seeing something as spectacular as this. How AMAZING would that be hey???
This superb case has been investigated by many people, and the majority of the interviews with the witnesses are available online.
Here’s a video that has a few of them describing their experience in person, but again, more are available online:
This is particular story one out of many extraordinary sightings that has occurred all around the world, and by looking back at ancient artwork and history, it seems to have been happening for a very long time. One example would be, the aboriginal community in Canada. Their stories have not been passed down through documentation, but through an oral storytelling tradition. These stories often speak of spiritual beings from another world.
“My people tell of Star People who came to us many generations ago. The Star people brought spiritual teachings and stories and maps of the cosmos and they offered these freely. They were kind, loving, and set a great example. When they left us, my people say there was a loneliness like no other.”
– Richard Wagamese, Ojibway Author
If you put all of these teachings and stories from multiple cultures around the world together with the evidence that is available today, things start to seem quite strange – and very real.
This particular case included various drawings and detailed interviews with many of the people who witnessed the object.
A Serious Issue That Deserves Serious Attention.
For MANY years, UFOs have received rather “serious attention” from government/military agencies and more, but it’s only now, thanks to the declassification of files, that people have been allowed to see the truth – that yes, something important is going on here, and has been for a very very long time!!
Documents released by the National Security Agency (NSA) reveal what is recorded when a UFO is being tracked on radar. Here is one example. Also HERE is a four page U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency and NSA report describing a particular encounter in brilliant detail:
“As the F-4 approached a range of 25 nautical miles it lost all instrumentation and communications. When the F-4 turned away from the object and apparently was no longer a threat to it, the aircraft regained all instrumentation and communications. Another brightly lighted object came out of the original object. The second object headed straight toward the F4. ”
“Yes there have been crashed craft, and bodies recovered. We are not alone in the universe, they have been coming here for a long time.”
– Apollo 14 Astronaut, Air Force Captain and Founder of the Institute of Noetic Sciences, Dr. Edgar Mitchell
Please see an intriguing video of Dr. Edgar Mitchell:
“Today we cannot produce machines that fly the same as UFOs do. They are flying by means of artificial fields of gravity. (I’d like to mention that there is a video of Dr. Brian O’leary, NASA astronaut and Princeton physics professor alluding to this same idea, you can view it here) We cannot take credit for our record advancement in certain scientific fields alone, we have been helped by people from other worlds.” – 1954, Professor Herman Oberth, NASA Space Scientist, one of the founding fathers of rocketry and aeronautics.
U.I.P Summary
And if anybody ever wants even more proof then look no further than the highly publicized case of the “Phoenix Lights” – you can read more about that here – or check out the crazy incident in Ruwa, Zimbabwe where more than 60 school children witnessed something spectacular. You can read more about that here also from our website.
There is also out now thousands upon thousands of declassified documents released pertaining to this phenomenon, as well as some remarkable statements by “people in high places.” things like this cannot EVER be ignored or shunned!
These types of amazing mass sightings should leave no doubt in readers’ minds as to the reality and seriousness/excitement of this issue, one that has been ignored and ridiculed for decades….But not anymore!
By the way don’t you think the UFO in this particular story looks a lot like the Mothership UFO in the fantastic film ‘Close Encounters of the Third Kind’ (U.I.P)
The UFO from the fantastic film Close Encounters Of The Third Kind
The AATIP, Targeting Pod Videos and the DOPSR Process
The AATIP, Targeting Pod Videos and the DOPSR Process
This guest article is written by Roger Glassel, a researcher and writer for the Swedish quarterly magazine UFO-Aktuellt. Roger was a member of the Roswell Slides Research Group (RSRG, who exposed the claim that two Kodachrome photographs showed a space alien from the alleged Roswell crash - proven instead to be of a child's remains on exhibition at Mesa Verde Museum). He was also a member of the Puerto Rico Research Group, focused on the Aguadilla infrared video case. Roger is from Sweden and works as an IT architect specializing in system integrations and communications.
It has now been some months since The New York Times (NYT) revealed that the US Department of Defense (DOD) had run a program called the Advanced Aerospace (sometimes; Aviation) Threat Identification Program (AATIP) - reportedly studying the Unidentified Aerial Phenomenon, also known as the "UFO phenomenon." Roger Glassel has started looking into the matter of the release of the targeting pod videos.
By Roger Glassel
Project Blue Book, the United States Air Force's study of Unidentified Flying Objects, was closed in 1969, and that was - the public was told - the end of the government’s interest in UFOs. As Dr. Edward U. Condon concluded at the time, further study of UFOs would have no scientific interest, and the phenomenon itself was no threat to national security. So imagine everyone's surprise when the NYT revealed such a government study was being conducted once again - a study that not only included scientific interest in the matter, but held it as national security concern. For some in the UFO community - who over the years have disagreed on these two points made by Dr. Condon - this was like winning the lottery. Almost too good to be true.
Though the Pentagon has not characterized the nature of the AATIP as a UFO study, they have confirmed the existence of the program - a program they refer to as the Advanced Aviation Threat Identification Program. The videos released - that are said to be connected with the program - also conform with the AN/ASQ-228 ATFLIR targeting system used in the US military’s F/A-18 dual purpose fighter craft. So the videos do appear to be genuine.
What is also interesting with this story is that a former DOD employee named Luis Elizondo, who resigned his position and joined the staff of Tom DeLonge's company To The Stars Academy of Art and Science (TTSA), has openly stated that he was the head for the AATIP. The program was reportedly contracted to the company Bigelow Aerospace, the Las Vegas company created by Robert Bigelow - a billionaire with a long-time interest in UFOs and the paranormal. Others, such as Dr. Eric Davis and Dr. Hal Puthoff, have also stated that they have worked for the program.
Although Mr. Elizondo is a new player in the game, both Dr. Davis and Dr. Puthoff are well known and have done theoretical studies for the US Government in the past - discussing subjects such as advanced propulsion (laser propulsion), wormholes, and teleportation. Also, the AATIP has been connected with the infamous Skinwalker Ranch (formerly owned by Bigelow) and studies of exotic materials, but these various associated curiosities are beyond the scope of this article. The focus here is the military targeting pod videos now made public. More specifically, examining questions about the release of the videos.
The New York Times story and all the subsequent media attention for the AATIP has been driven by the videos, which so far are the only evidence provided that the program was studying UFOs. Videos from a ATFLIR system would of course have originated from the US military, but that does not equate with them being connected to a DOD program allegedly investigating the UFO phenomenon. Also, one of the targeting pod videos referred to as FLIR1, or Tic Tac, that TTSA is connecting with the AATIP, was leaked by a Navy technician and have been available on the Internet since 2007. There could be a possibility that the other videos have been available on the Internet as well (military forums, veteran groups, interest groups, promotional videos, etcetera) and that TTSA is depicting them for something they are not. Remember that TTSA is not AATIP. Therefore, as evidence, the authenticity of the videos - both the provenance and the events they depict - need to be carefully verified. Looking into how the videos were released would be a first natural step in such verification.
Conflicting claims
A while after the first NYT story came out, another article drew my attention. It was an article written on February 17, 2018 by science writer Sarah Scoles for the online magazine Wired. In that article it is stated by Major Audricia Harris, who is a spokesperson for the Office of the Secretary of Defense for Public Affairs (OSD PA), that the targeting pod videos were not approved for released by the Pentagon. She stood firm that the DOD did not release those videos.
A bit after that, on February 25, 2018, Luis Elizondo himself explained in the second hour of a radio interview on Coast to Coast AM that the targeting pod videos were prepared for release by the DOD in accordance to DoDD 5230.09 and DoDI 5230.29 by sending in the videos along with DD Form 1910 to Defense Office for Prepublication and Security Review (DOPSR), and that the videos were cleared for unrestricted release to the public. Mr. Elizondo also mentioned there were emails sent back and forth, so he seemed to have been involved in the process.
So now we have a firm standpoint from the Pentagon that the videos were not released by them, and detailed information from Mr. Elizondo on how the videos were released. I thought the best way to sort this out would be to contact Maj. Harris.
After reaching out by email to Maj. Harris she explained in a response to me that the DOPSR process will only render in a recommendation for releasability, and that this recommendation does not equate to approved for public release. She also told me that OSD PA is the sole release authority for DOD information, however, they have no record of a request for clearance of these videos.
Maj. Harris’ firm standpoint became even firmer. But had these videos gone through the DOPSR process as claimed? What better way to find out than to contact the Defense Office for Prepublication and Security Review - so I did.
Questions leads to a request
I directly contacted the DOPSR by the only email address I could find - their public inbox for sending in unclassified information for review. This was, as I was quickly told, not the right way to contact them. This did however take an unexpected and fortunate turn, as I was given a personal Point of Contact (POC) at the Office of the Secretary of Defense Joint Staff Freedom of Information Act Office (OSD JS FOIA) by the Security and Review Specialist who answered my email. With this lead, I sent my questions on.
My POC was able to provide clarifying details and valuable advice. First, he explained to me that while Maj. Harris was correct about that the DOPSR process will only render in a recommendation for releasability, she was not correct in stating that the OSD PA is the sole release authority for DOD information. The 34 FOIA offices releases large amount of information that does not get reviewed by the PA office.
He continued to explain that almost every information request related to Mr. Elizondo has been transferred to the DIA FOIA office for their processing and direct response to the requester. But for requests regarding the DOPSR review process, that I was asking for, he said would fall under their (OSD JS FOIA office) purview. As my letter to him was worded as questions, he asked me to resubmit it, structured as a proper request for information under the Freedom of Information Act - which I did.
Besides the background story pointing out which videos I was referring to, my request was worded as following.
"Under the Freedom of Information Act, I am seeking all documents related to DOPSR's review of these videos, to include who submitted the request and the results of such review."
Review and Release
In going through this search, I found out about the different channels that information goes through when subjected for release. As I have learned, there is a review process and a release process.
The release process is divided between different release authorities. To find out from which authority information was released, you must file an FOIA request to every authority. In this instance, I am not actually interested in which authority that released them, or who initiated them for release, as I am just seeking verification that the videos came from DOD.
The review process, on the other hand, is handled by a single office, the DOPSR, and it is mandatory that information is reviewed and cleared by this office before going through the release process. So for me to understand if the videos came from DOD, I only had to file a single request to the FOIA office that the DOPSR falls under to find out who submitted them and what the result was. Or if they even went through this process.
After about a week I received the interim response with the name of the action officer assigned to my case and my case number: 18-F-0724. My request was registered March 26, 2018. Finally, the search for the provenance of the UFO videos was properly submitted and officially underway.
Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications
Going back a bit to March 21, 2018, I woke up and saw a message from my friend and fellow researcher Curt Collins, urging me to take a screenshot of a Twitter posting by Tom DeLonge. As Mr. DeLonge is a well known serial deleter of tweets, I took the screenshot and did not think much about it. After my request was registered, I thought I should have a look what the tweet was all about. In the tweet, DeLonge stated that TTSA was negotiating a deal with EarthTech to get the rights to Dr. Puthoff's laser beam energy propulsion (which I though was invented by Leik Myrabo in the 1980s, but never mind). DeLonge also seemed to insinuate that Puthoff's work on this matter was done as part of the AATIP. This drew my attention to the EarthTech website.
What was most interesting on the EarthTech website was not the things about Dr. Puthoff, but about Dr. Eric Davis, also connected with the AATIP. The site listed various publications written by him. Under "U.S. Government Program Contract Reports" he has listed six theoretical studies that he conducted for the Defense Intelligence Agency Defense Warning Office (DIA DWO) between the year 2010 and 2011, within the same time frame the AATIP was contracting studies.
Conducting a web search, combining "DWO" and the titles of the reports, I found that two of them - "Traversable Wormholes, Stargates and Negative Energy" and "Warp Drive, Dark Energy and the Manipulation of Extra Dimensions" - were available for download on the Internet.
In these two reports it is stated that, "the report is a product of a series of advanced technology reports produced under the DIA DWO Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications program (AAWSA)". The content of the two reports also correlates with the content of the study topics that Dr. Davis has openly stated he wrote for the AATIP. Basically, the same content that Dr. Davis wrote for the Air Force Research Laboratory (back in 2004) that is now available for download through the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC).
By searching on the AAWSA name I also found a LinkedIn profile of a person in the Nevada area that had worked for Bigelow Aerospace between 2009 and 2010. More specifically, he was employed "in a interdisciplinary team of scientists and engineers studying advanced aerospace weapon system applications including lift, propulsion, control, power generation, signature reductions, materials and armament".
AAWSA, if not the same, would seem to be closely related to AATIP, so close I thought it would be worth adding it to my FOIA request about the videos. It was important to have this information added because if, and I say if, the AAWSA program turns out to be the true name of the AATIP, without it, my request might be returned with a "no records found".
I forwarded the information to my POC at the OSD JS FOIA office to be added to my request. At first, he thought I was seeking information about the DIA program itself and directed me to their FOIA office. After explaining that I only wanted to use that name as a search phrase to be added to my request, the answer from him was that the videos themselves are very specific, and the DOPSR office does not review many videos, so it will be very easy for them to identify them, with or without the added information. However, he said he would pass on the information to the action officer for her action to pass onto DOPSR.
Now starts the waiting game, and it could be a long wait. In the interim response from my action officer, it was explained that due to unusual circumstances and an extensive backlog of 2600 open cases, my request was placed in a complex processing queue. I heard that others have got the same same kind of reply when filing their requests. The majority of the other requests are however general inquiries rather than targeted inquiries, so I have some hope about this one. Realistically, I am not expecting a response any time soon. But when I receive it, I will let you all know the outcome.
Share 'em if you got 'em
It should be noted that none of the research I have done would have been necessary if both TTSA and NYT would share the release documents they say they have.
I have reached out to Leslie Kean - who was the co-author for the original NYT article about the AATIP - asking her to make the release documents public. Her answer to me was that the NYT has the documents that say that the videos was cleared for public release, but that background documents provided to the NYT by their sources are confidential until their sources say otherwise. Of course journalists have the right to protect their sources, but I told her that I did not fully understand how documents from an official release authority or review office could be considered as a source that need to be protected. Her answer was however the same.
I have also tried to reach out to TTSA asking them for the release documents. I first contacted Mr. Elizondo directly by email using an address that he left on a discussion forum, but with no success. I then contacted Dr. Garry Nolan - who I find to be both honest and sincere. He answered the he rarely interacts with TTSA and is not a representative for the company, but simply acts as an advisor. Dr. Nolan said that he have been instructed not to give out email addresses, and to direct anyone with questions to use the contact form on the TTSA website. However, he did say that he forwarded my email to relevant persons, giving them the opportunity to contact me with their reply. I did not hear from them, so I contacted TTSA through their contact form and got the response that I must contact the New York and Beverly Hills based PR company B|W|R with my questions. I sent my questions - directed to Mr. Elizondo - to the two persons provided to me, but up to this day I have not received a response of any kind from neither them nor Mr. Elizondo.
A short encore
To those of you who have followed the story up to this point - listening to me go on about these utterly boring bureaucratic procedures and wonder why it is important, I will say; Processes are to be followed. You can work pragmatically within a process, but you can not work outside of the process. These DOD processes are made for the protection of information. So if they did review these videos before their release, there are records of it. If there are no records, the DOD did not release them. If the videos was not released as claimed, that would raise serious questions about the story being told about the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program.
Could Maj. Audricia Harris be right after all? Time will tell...
Link section
Warp Drive, Dark Energy and the Manipulation of Extra Dimensions, Dr. Eric Davis, DIA DWO, 2010
A new space force could be created in the US to fight the extraterrestrial wars of the future, President Donald Trump has claimed.
Legislators and military experts have envisioned a possibility of war in space for at least the past several decades.
Until recently, that issue has been cast aside as other more pressing matters - including war and terrorism - have taken centre stage.
Now, addressing the prospect of an armed encounter above the Earth appears to be an increasing priority for the world's super powers.
Russia and China are already claimed to be developing armaments that can strike in space, including missiles that can target satellites.
Trump's comments suggest America is prioritising its own offensive and defensive capabilities, to ensure its supremacy in the theatre of space conflict.
Previously revealed US space weapons include the X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle and hypersonic missiles under development that could be used to strike objects in orbit.
Scroll down for video
A new space force could be created in the US to fight the extraterrestrial wars of the future, President Donald Trump has claimed. His comments suggest addressing the prospect of an armed encounter in space is an increasing priority for the world's super powers
President Trump made the comments while presenting the annual Commander-in-Chief's Trophy to the US Army's Black Knights football team at the White House.
During his speech, the Trump said that his administration is 'seriously thinking' about creating a space force as part of his efforts to build up the nation's military.
Trump listed the 'five proud branches of the United States Armed Forces: Army, Navy, Marines, Air Force and the Coast Guard'.
According to reports in The Times, he paused for a moment before adding: 'And we're actually thinking of a sixth, and that would be the Space Force. Does that make sense?
'Because we're getting very big in space, both militarily and for other reasons. And we are seriously thinking of the Space Force.'
This is not the first time that Trump has raised the prospect of a new Space Force, telling a crowd of Marines in March he may want to start one.
Previously revealed US space weapons include the X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle. This image shows The Air Force working on the reusable spacecraft after it landed at Nasa's Kennedy Space Center Shuttle Landing Facility in Cape Canaveral, Florida, in 2017
The US Air Force's unmanned X-37B space plane has flown a number of secret missions to date. Each time it has carried a mystery payload on long-duration flights in Earth orbit. Staff are seen testing the Air Force's first unmanned re-entry spacecraft in 2010
WHAT IS THE MYSTERIOUS X-37B ORBITAL TEST VEHICLE?
The US Air Force's unmanned X-37B space plane has flown a number of secret missions to date.
Each time it has carried a mystery payload on long-duration flights in Earth orbit.
The spacecraft looks similar to Nasa's space shuttle but is much smaller. The X-37B is about 29ft (8.8m) long and 9.5ft (2.9 m) tall.
Like a shuttle, X-37B is blasted into orbit by a rocket. However, it lands using a runway like a normal aircraft. The X-37B is too small to carry people onboard, but does have a cargo bay similar to that of a pickup truck, which is just large enough to carry a small satellite
It has a wingspan of just less than 15ft (4.6 m). At launch, it weighs 11,000lbs (4,990kg).
The craft is taken into orbit on a rocket but lands like the space shuttle by gliding down to Earth.
Its main mission payload is a mystery, although Nasa has revealed it has a hauled a number of materials experiments aboard into space.
Positioned in front of a Marine F/A-18 Hornet, Trump called space a 'war-fighting domain', and talked up both its military importance and the merits of private ventures.
'Space is a war-fighting domain just like the land, air, and sea,' he said on March 23, as he spoke to Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 232, nicknamed the Red Devils, at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar.
'We may even have a Space Force, develop another one – Space Force,' Trump added. 'We have the Air Force, you'll have the Space Force.'
In April, a new report outlined concerns that a space war may be approaching faster than many anticipated and that world leaders are woefully unprepared.
Other potential space weapons include hypersonic missiles under development in the US, Russia and China that could be used to strike objects in orbit. This artist's impression shows Boeing's hypersonic X-51A Waverider cruise missile currently under development
WHAT ARE HYPERSONIC MISSILES AND HOW DO THEY WORK?
Aircraft and missiles are said to be hypersonic once they exceed speeds of Mach 5 and above, or five times the speed of sound.
This occurs at 1,715 metres per second (3,836mph / 6,174kmh).
The latest class of hypersonic missiles would be smaller, guided and designed to carry conventional explosives for time-sensitive, rapid response in theatre operations.
There are two kinds of approaches to solving the hypersonic challenge in missiles: 'scramjet' and 'boost glide.'
The air-breathing scramjet relies on high speed for its power.
As it accelerates, more air and fuel is pushed into the engine, allowing it to accelerate even more - to hypersonic speeds.
The boost glide model rides a reentry vehicle to extremely high altitudes, where it skips across the Earth's upper atmosphere.
Traditional ballistic missiles already travel at hypersonic speeds.
Built to carry nuclear and conventional warheads, these weapons are capable of reaching outer space in the course of their flights, but they can't manoeuvre.
The US Department of Defense warned that the US isn't ready for a space war, while Russia and China have developed technologies that could destroy satellites that are crucial for many everyday tasks, ranging from ATMs to apps like Uber Eats.
The satellites are also used for reconnaissance and guiding precision bombs, missiles and drones.
'We are now approaching a point where "Star Wars" is not just a movie,' Steve Isakowitz, CEO of think tank Aerospace Corp, told Politico at the time.
The Pentagon has already set aside billions to 'harden' its defences against anti-satellite weapons and training troops to survive in space.
Congress also floated the idea last year of a new 'Space Corps', set to be modelled after the Marines.
It would be tasked with keeping the US ahead of its superpower rivals in the event of a war.
Russia and China are already claimed to be developing armaments that can strike in space, including missiles that can target satellites
If a US satellite is blown up by enemies in a war in space, it can create thousands of piece of dangerous space that can float around forever (artists' impression)
The idea of creating the first new branch to the US military in 70 years encountered significant resistance, however, and was scrapped in December 2017.
Alleged restriction of funds to the other armed forces squashed the idea.
US Air Force chief, General David Goldfein, has also claimed space warfare is a real possibility 'within a matter of years'.
The US will need new tools, specialist training and billions of dollars in funding to prepare for combat in orbit, he has said.
General Goldfein made the comments while speaking at the Air Force Association's 34th annual Air Warfare Symposium and Technology Exposition in Orlando in February.
'[It's] time for us as a service, regardless of speciality badge, to embrace space superiority with the same passion and sense of ownership as we apply to air superiority today,' General Goldfein said at the time.
General Goldfein argues that the US Air Force is best placed to protect American interests in space.
He added: 'I believe we're going to be fighting from space in a matter of years.
'We are the service that must lead joint war fighting in this new contested domain. This is what the nation demands.'
If a conflict breaks out between major powers in the future, it could be fought in the final frontier - space, according to US Air Force Chief of Staff General David L. Goldfein (pictured)
HOW CAN WE STOP SPACE WARS?
A group of more than 40 international experts are conducting a multi-year research project that will culminate in a Manual on International Law Applicable to Military Uses of Outer Space.
MILAMOS Project is to ensure space activities are conducted in accordance with the rule of law.
This will involve a consideration of the existing international rules on outer space.
It will also involve integration with international humanitarian law and the rules prohibiting the use of force.
The drafting of the rules will involve many meetings, heated discussions and compromises.
It is envisaged that at the end of the project the applicable rules will be agreed on the basis of consensus.
The MILAMOS Project is not an effort to condone warfare in outer space.
On the contrary, it seeks to prevent armed conflict and minimise the devastating impact that space technology and military operations may have on the long-term and peaceful use of outer space.
The Outer Space Treaty, which was signed in 1967, was agreed through the United Nations, and today it remains as the 'constitution' of outer space.
The space treaty states that celestial territory is not subject to 'national appropriation' – in other words, no country can lay claim to them.
In the fifty years the treaty has existed, it has yet to be violated.
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THE 4.5 BILLION YEAR OLD FUKANG METEORITE
THE 4.5 BILLION YEAR OLD FUKANG METEORITE
Back in the year 2000, a 1,003 kilogram (2,211 lbs) meteorite was discovered near Fukang, a city located in the northwestern region of Xinjiang, China. Named the ‘Fukang meteorite‘, it was identified as a pallasite, a type of stony–iron meteorite, with striking olivine crystals throughout.
Pallasites are extremely rare even among meteorites (only about 1% of all meteorites are this type) and Fukang has been hailed as one of the greatest meteorite discoveries of the 21st century.
The Fukang pallasite is believed to originate from deep inside intact meteors created during the formation of the solar system about 4.5 billion years ago and very few specimens are thought to have survived their descent throug Earth’s atmosphere.
An anonymous group of collectors currently holds the largest portion which weighs 419.5 kg (925 pounds). In 2008 they attempted to sell it at auction at Bonham’s in New York for approximately $2 million but did not receive any biddhers. A total of 31 kilograms (68 lb) of the specimen is on deposit at University of Arizona’s Southwest Meteorite Laboratory.
SCIENTISTS PROJECT HOLOGRAMS INTO THE BRAIN TO CREATE EXPERIENCES
SCIENTISTS PROJECT HOLOGRAMS INTO THE BRAIN TO CREATE EXPERIENCES
One day soon you may be filling your lungs with crisp ocean air, your arms bathed in warm light as the sun sets over softly lapping waters and you may wonder, is this real? Or are scientists projecting holograms into my brain to create a vivid sensory experience that isn’t actually happening? A group of researchers at University of California, Berkeley are in the early stages of testing their ability to create, edit and scrub sensory experiences from our brains, both real-time and stored experiences–memories.
Using light to make us see what isn’t there.
Different sensory experiences show up in brain imaging as patterns of neurons firing in sequence. Neuroscientists are trying toreverse-engineer experiences by stimulating the neurons to excite the same neural patterns. At present, the steps to accomplish this are a little invasive. Scientists genetically modify neurons with photosensitive proteins so they can gingerly manipulate neurons using light. The process is known as optogenetics. Also, a metal head plate gets surgically implanted over the targeted area.
Then there’s the challenge of finding a way to bull’s-eye each individual, microscopic cell body without exciting neighboring neurons. Enter computer generated holography (CGH) to create three-dimensional floating light shapes. The diffracted light-forms are projected into the brain, sailing through a gossamer layer of brain tissue at the surface of the cortex and triggering just the right pattern and rhythm of neural activity to generate specific sensations and perceptions. The holograms can stimulate, edit and suppress patterns of neurons that correlate with the brain activity of actual experiences.
“The major advance is the ability to control neurons precisely in space and time,” says Nicolas Pégard, one of the first authors of a paper in Nature Neurosciencetoday. “In other words, to shoot the very specific sets of neurons you want to activate and do it at the characteristic scale and the speed at which they normally work.”
Development of the device required imagination and a confluence of emergent technologies. “This is the culmination of technologies that researchers have been working on for a while, but have been impossible to put together,” says another of the first authors, Alan Mardinly. “We solved numerous technical problems at the same time to bring it all together and finally realize the potential of this technology.”
The team published a paper last year in the journal Nature Communications, dubbing their holographic brain modulator The 3D-SHOT: a three-dimensional scanless holographic optogenetics with temporal focusing.
Illustration of NASA’s InSight quake-monitoring lander. 7Credit: NASA.
NASA is gearing up for one of its most anticipated launches of the year. On Saturday, a one-of-a-kind Mars explorer called InSight is destined to launch for the Red Planet. Its mission: to study the slight rumbles and tremors produced as the planet wobbles. Just like ‘earthquakes’, these are ‘marsquakes’ — and whatever waves the lander’s instruments will pick up might help scientists gain unprecedented insights about Mars’ interior, from its crust to its very core.
“How we get from a ball of featureless rock into a planet that may or may not support life is a key question in planetary science,” said Bruce Banerdt, InSight principal investigator at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. “We’d like to be able to understand what happened.”
Like earthquakes, marsquakes are vibrations of the ground. However, while an earthquake is produced by the movement of tectonic plates, scientists believe that marsquakes occur when the planet cools and contracts, causing the crust to ruck up slightly. Scientists believe that all planetary bodies experience quakes, ranging from those that vibrate fast to those that rumble low. In the 1970s, NASA’s Viking lander tried to measure quakes on Mars but its instruments weren’t sensitive enough. However, during the Apollo missions, seismometers measured thousands of tiny quakes on the moon.
The new lander, called InSight, was supposed to leave for Mars two years ago but at the last minute, mission engineers found that the lander’s most crucial instrument — the vacuum-encased seismometer — had a leak that let air through. The instrument is extremely sensitive and even the slightest bit of air can ruin its measurements. The seismometer has since been fixed and, now that our planet and Mars are aligned again, it will soon launch for its mission.
Technicians inspect InSight instruments.
Credit: NASA.
Marsquakes could teach scientists a great deal about Mars’ interior, how it formed, and what kind of changes it has incurred throughout its geological history. When a quake travels through a material, its vibration changes. Therefore, the vibrations picked up by a seismometer can be decoded to reveal information about the various layers the quake has passed through. The lander is also carrying radio antennas that will help scientists estimate the size of Mars’ core. Another instrument, a nail-like device, is designed to insert itself into the ground in order to measure the planet’s internal temperature — the kind of information that can help scientists figure out what fueled Mars’ ancient volcanoes.
InSight scientists hope to record hundreds to thousands of small Martian quakes. Perhaps InSight will be able to answer some very important questions like why Earth is a habitable paradise and Mars is a cold and barren rock. So far, we’ve learned a lot about the Martian surface — now, it’s time to probe its deep interior.
Insight is set to launch on an Atlas V rocket, which will take off from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California on May 5th at 7:05 AM ET.
In February of 2017, a team of European astronomers announced the discovery of a seven-planet system orbiting the nearby star TRAPPIST-1. Aside from the fact that all seven planets were rocky, there was the added bonus of three of them orbiting within TRAPPIST-1’s habitable zone. Since that time, multiple studies have been conducted to determine whether or not any of these planets could be habitable.
In accordance with this goal, these studies have focused on whether or not these planets have atmospheres, their compositions and their interiors. One of the latest studies was conducted by two researchers from Columbia University’s Cool Worlds Laboratory, who determined that one of the TRAPPIST-1 planets (TRAPPIST-1e) has a large iron core – a finding which could have implications for this planet’s habitability.
The study – titled “TRAPPIST-1e Has a Large Iron Core“, which recently appeared online – was conducted by Gabrielle Englemenn-Suissa and David Kipping, a senior undergraduate student and an Assistant Professor of Astronomy at Columbia University, respectively. For the sake of their study, Englemenn-Suissa and Kipping took advantage of recent studies that have placed constraints on the masses and radii of the TRAPPIST-1 planets.
These and other studies have benefited from the fact that TRAPPIST-1 is a seven planet system, which makes it ideally suited for exoplanet studies. As Professor Kipping told Universe Today via email:
“It’s a wonderful laboratory for exoplanetary science for three reasons. First, the system has a whopping seven transiting planets. The depth of the transits dictates the size of each planet so we can measure they sizes quite precisely. Second, the planets gravitationally interact with one another leading to variations in the times of the transits and these have been used to infer the masses of each planet, again to impressive precision. Third, the star is very small being a late M-dwarf, about an eighth the size of the Sun, and that means transits appear 8^2 = 64 times deeper than they would if the star were Sun-sized. So we have lots of things working in our favor here.”
Together, Englemann-Suissa and Kipping used mass and radius measurements of the TRAPPIST-1 planets to infer the minimum and maximum Core Radius Fraction (CRF) of each planet. This built on a study they had previously conducted (along with Jingjing Chen, a PhD candidate at Columbia University and a member of the Cool Worlds Lab) in which they developed their method for determining a planet’s CRF. As Kipping described the method:
“If you know the mass and radius very precisely, like the TRAPPIST-1 system, you can compare them to that predicted from theoretical interior structure models. The problem is that these models generally comprise of possible four layers, an iron core, a silicate mantle, a water layer and an light volatile envelope (Earth only has the first two, its atmosphere contributes negligible to mass and radius). So four unknowns and two measured quantities is in principle an unconstrained, unsolvable problem.”
This artist’s concept shows what each of the TRAPPIST-1 planets may look like, based on available data about their sizes, masses and orbital distances.
Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech
Their study also took into account previous work by other scientists who have attempted to place constraints on the chemical composition of the TRAPPIST-1 system. In these studies, the authors assumed that the planets’ chemical compositions were connected to that of the star, which can be measured. However, Englemann-Suissa and Kipping took a more “agnostic” approach and simply considered the boundary conditions of the problem.
“We essentially say that given the mass and radius, there are no models with cores smaller than X that can possibly explain the observed mass and radius,” he said. “The core might be bigger than X but has to be at least X since no theoretical models could explain it otherwise. Here, X would therefore correspond to what we could call the minimum core radius fraction. We then play the same game for the maximum limit.”
What they determined was that the minimum core size of six of the TRAPPIST-1 planets was essentially zero. This means that their compositions could be explained without necessarily having an iron core – for instance, a pure silicate mantle could be all that’s there. But in the case of TRAPPIST-1e, they found that its core must comprise at least 50% of the planet by radius, and at most, 78%.
Compare this to Earth, where the solid inner core of iron and nickel and a liquid outer core of a molten iron-nickel alloy comprise 55% of the planet’s radius. Between the upper and lower limit of TRAPPIST-1e’s CRF, they concluded that it must have a dense core, one which is likely comparable to Earth. This finding could mean that of all the TRAPPIST-1 planets, e is the most “Earth-like” and likely to have a protective magnetosphere.
As Kipping indicated, this could have immense implications when it comes to the hunt for habitable exoplanets, and might push TRAPPIST-1e to the top of the list:
“This gets me more excited about TRAPPIST-1e in particular. That planet is a tad smaller than the Earth, sits right in the habitable-zone and now we know has a large iron core like the Earth. We also know it does not possess a light volatile envelope thanks to other measurements. Further, TRAPPIST-1 appears to be a quieter star than Proxima so I’m much more optimistic about TRAPPIST-1e as potential biosphere than Proxima b right now.”
This is certainly good news in light of recent studies that have indicated that Proxima b is not likely to be habitable. Between its star emitting powerful flares that can be seen by the naked eye to the likelihood that an atmosphereand liquid water would not survive long on its surface, the closest exoplanet to our Solar System is currently not considered a good candidate for finding a habitable world or extra-terrestrial life.
In recent years, Kipping and his colleagues have also dedicated themselves and the Cool Worlds Laboratory to the study of possible exoplanets around Proxima Centauri. Using the Canadian Space Agency’s Microvariability and Oscillation of Stars (MOST) satellite, Kipping and his colleagues monitored Proxima Centauri in May of 2014 and again in May of 2015 to look for signs of transiting planets.
While the discovery of Proxima b was ultimately made by astronomers at the ESO using the Radial Velocity Method, this campaign was significant in drawing attention to the likelihood of finding terrestrial, potentially-habitable planets around nearby M-type (red dwarf) stars. In the future, Kipping and his team also hope to conduct studies of Proxima b to determine if it has an atmosphere and determine what its CRF could be.
Once again, it appears that one of the many rocky planets orbiting a red dwarf star (and which is closer to Earth) might just be a prime candidate for habitability studies! Future surveys, which will benefit from the introduction of next-generation telescopes (like the James Webb Space Telescope) will no doubt reveal more about this system and any potentially habitable worlds it has.
Het universum is een hologram. Dit is de allerlaatste theorie van Stephen Hawking
Het universum is een hologram. Dit is de allerlaatste theorie van Stephen Hawking
Vlak voor zijn dood heeft Stephen Hawking zijn laatste theorie gepresenteerd: dat het universum een hologram is.
De kosmoloog, die op 14 maart kwam te overlijden, schrijft over zijn theorie in een nieuw artikel dat is gepubliceerd in het Journal of High Energy Physics.
Samen met zijn Belgische collega professor Thomas Hertog werkte professor Hawking zijn ideeën over een holografische realiteit uit.
Verbijsterend
De nieuwe theorie stelt dat het universum een gigantisch en complex hologram is. Met andere woorden: de realiteit is een illusie en de fysieke wereld om ons heen wordt geprojecteerd door middel van informatie die is opgeslagen op een plat tweedimensionaal oppervlak.
Professor Hertog, verbonden aan de Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, lichtte toe dat het begrip holografie de afgelopen jaren is voortgekomen uit de snaartheorie, die nog niet volledig begrepen wordt en die verbijsterend is.
Holografische wijze
De nieuwe theorie suggereert dat tijd en ‘het begin’ van het universum op holografische wijze zijn ontstaan vanuit een onbekende staat buiten de oerknal.
Hawking en Hertog stellen dat het universum redelijk gelijkmatig en ook eindig is. Dat betekent niet dat er één enkel, uniek heelal is, maar zij suggereren wel dat het aantal mogelijke universa beperkt is.
Wat er buiten het eindige heelal te vinden is, laten ze in het midden.
On January 6, 2016 I wrote an article here at Mysterious Universe titled “UFO TV: A Show Worth Watching.” While I’m not a fan of the likes of Star Wars, Star Trek, etc., etc., I do like some sci-fi, mainly when it’s got a lot of conspiracy attached to it. My article was focused on what is without doubt one of my all-time favorite shows, The Invaders, which ran from 1967 to 1968. It starred actor Roy Thinnes as David Vincent, a man who – after a UFO encounter in the dead of night – tries to warn the world of an alien menace and to wipe out the extraterrestrial presence in our midst. I said in that article:
“A great combination of the best parts of The Fugitive, The Twilight Zone, and Invasion of the Body Snatchers, The Invaders was a show years (actually, decades) ahead of its time. It easily eclipsed the simplistic, mindless and cheap to make, “shoot ’em up”-style science-fiction output that seemed (and still seems) so popular on certain TV channels. It oozed a high degree of menace, a sinister atmosphere, thought-provoking plot lines, and – at the heart of it all – human-looking hostile aliens bent upon the infiltration of our society and the ultimate destruction of the Human Race.
“I recall first watching the show as a young kid in the mid-1970s [thinking back, it may have been a bit later], utterly enthralled by David Vincent’s near-solitary quest to expose to the world the dark truth of the alien threat among us – while all the time pursued by definitive Men in Black-style extraterrestrial assassins. I thought: this is great! The show was then repeated some time in my teens, and prior to purchasing the DVD set a couple of years ago, I was probably in my late-twenties when I last watched the show. And, I’m pleased to say that The Invaders still stands the test of time, now close to 50 years after it first aired (the show ran for two-seasons: from January 1967 to March 1968).”
Roy Thinnes continued to make supernaturally-themed shows, such as The Horror at 37,000 Feet and Satan’s School for Girls. And, then, there’s The Norliss Tapes. Like the two aforementioned movies, The Norliss Tapes was also made in 1973. And, it was largely brought to life on American television by Dan Curtis – the man behind The Night Stalker, The Night Strangler (both starring Darren McGavin as journalist Carl Kolchak) and Dark Shadows.
The Norliss Tapes – a pilot for a show that never took off – is, in many ways, very much like The Invaders (and The Night Stalker, too). In The Invaders, Roy Thinnes was the alien-hunting David Vincent. In The Norliss Tapes, he was David Norliss, an author investigating the world of the supernatural. The approach was actually quite a good one. The plan is for Norliss to write a book that debunks paranormal phenomena. But, he gets far more than he bargained for and admits to being too frightened to write the book. So, instead, Norliss chronicles each adventure on a series of cassette tapes, hence the title of the show. Of course, because the TV movie didn’t get picked up as a series, we only get to see, and hear, what went on with the first case.
In the pilot, Norliss goes missing from his home – after investigating a strange affair involving a man back from the grave and a demon called Sargoth. It’s up to a friend and colleague, Sanford Evans (actor Don Porter), to go through the first tape and try and figure out what has led to Norliss’ disappearance. It’s easy to see Dan Curtis’ touch in all of this. And, it’s safe to say, if you are a fan of the exploits of Carl Kolchak, you’ll enjoy this too. Co-starring Angie Dickinson, The Norliss Tapes is a show I like a lot. I guess, that’s because I first watched it as an excited kid, as I did with the likes of other 1970s-era movies, such as Don’t Be Afraid of the Dark, Gargoyles, Race with the Devil, Something Evil, and the TV mini-series, Salem’s Lot – all of which I still watch a couple of times a year. A nostalgia kick? For sure, but they’re good too!
You can find The Norliss Tapes on DVD, but the prices are pretty outrageous, and most of the available copies are used. The good news, though, is that you can watch the whole thing on YouTube (see above). Maybe, one day, The Norliss Tapes will be resurrected with a new cast. But, this time around, cassette tapes ain’t gonna cut it!
Is a new type of UFO appearing across the globe? Last month, Mysterious Universe reported on a floating “humanoid” UFO seen in Brazil, that had strange similarities to other “humanoid” UFO’s filmed and photographed in different parts of the world. A new video has just surfaced, this time in Houston, Texas, that shows a ‘floating tower’ shaped UFO in steady flight across the night sky. While there is no mention of a humanoid nature to this UFO in the video, the shape is undeniably similar.
The video, as reported by the Daily Star, was shared to MUFONand picked up by the YouTube channel TexasUFOs. It shows a shape longer than it is wide, floating perpendicular to the ground. It moves at a constant, steady rate. The object doesn’t seem to be making any sound, but it is hard to tell over the ambient noise with no knowledge of distance from the camera. According to the Star, the witness described the UFO like this:
Object was moving north-northwest and was keeping the same elevation and didn’t move like balloons.
Much larger, vertical structure like a floating tower with a pointed tip at the top.
Some comments suggested that the object is a drone carrying some sort of “contraption”, though what that could be is hard to say. The Daily Star headline suggests that it’s some sort of top secret military drone. Other than YouTube comments, however, there doesn’t seem to be any base for those claims.
Pareidolia is the recognizing of familiar patterns, like a humanoid shape, where they’re not. Rorshach inkblot tests are a great example.
A similar sighting was also reported earlier in April, 2018, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Filmed on a beach, the video shows another ‘floating tower’ or ‘humanoid’ UFO hovering in the sky. When compared with the Brazil ‘humanoid’ case or the Sydneyand Abu Dhabi cases it’s easy to see the similarities between these and the two recent sightings in the USA. It’s impossible to say with any certainty what these objects are. The ‘humanoid’ shape is almost certainly a case of pareidolia, but because of that it’s even easier to see the similarities.
Certainly we can say that, in the last 12 months, there have been at least five sightings of UFOs that share a strange tower shape. There have been comparisons drawn between these and the fabled “Black Knight” satellite of UFO lore. We have to be careful, however. As our drone technology increases, it will become increasingly more common to see unidentified things in the sky, and just as there’s a divide between interpreting classic flying saucer UFOs as either alien spaceships or top-secret military craft, so too will there be a divide between seeing UFOs like these as mysterious and unexplained or as previously unseen drones, either military or civilian.
The Black Knight satellite picture that was captured by NASA
Then there’s that supremely strange possibility that whatever the UFO phenomenon is, it changes how it presents itself based on the culture and expectations of the present day, demons and fairies become little green men, become grays, become floating humanoids. Maybe our species will always see strange things in the sky, ever slightly out of the reach of explanation.
Recently, a group of planetary scientists announced that they intend to save the world. However, their focus wasn’t on concerns over climate change, nor the perils of mutually assured self-destruction at the hands of nuclear devices… their concern has to do with a far less easily predictable terror: catastrophic asteroid impacts.
Perhaps most chilling of all is that the team of scientists, working together with former astronauts, warn of serious gaps in our current defensive strategies that would attempt to offset such a threat, and warn that as things currently stand, Earth “will be hit.”
Earth has a long history of run-ins with massive space rocks. The geological record shows us today not only that massive impacts with space objects have occurred, but also that mass extinctions have been associated with them, as evidenced by the extinction of dinosaurs coinciding with an asteroid impact nearly 66 million years ago. Known today as the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K–T) extinction, this event resulted in die-offs of nearly 75% of all plant and animal species existent on Earth at the time.
Enter the B612 Foundation, whose focus is assessing and planning for the eventual threat of asteroid impact. The group is comprised of former astronaut Ed Lu, along with his colleague Rusty Schweickart, as well as a number of scientists and others with relevant professional backgrounds. Danica Remy, president of the B612 organization, is also head of the organization’s Asteroid Institute program.
New Zealand Herald reports that “NASA was directed by Congress in 2005 to find 90 percent of asteroids that were at least 140m in diameter and has since determined that, of those so far observed, none pose an immediate threat.” However, only several tens of thousand asteroids are presently being tracked around Earth, while millions of others exist that aren’t presently the subject of any tracking or monitoring.
Experts say that Earth might be able to successfully deflect or break apart a significantly large asteroid with nuclear weapons, or in some cases using other systems that would include spacecraft to deflect or remove the object from Earth’s path or even a system of powerful lasers to neutralize the threat.
According to B612 President Remy, it’s not a matter of whether we’ll be hit, noting that, “It’s 100 percent certain we’ll be hit, but we’re not 100 percent certain when.”
There is some evidence that suggests a similar event may have occurred more recently, though on a far smaller scale. In 2017, a paper titled “Widespread platinum anomaly documented at the Younger Dryas onset in North American sedimentary sequences,” examined deposits where concentrations of rare-earth elements were documented along the Younger Dryas boundary, which dates to roughly 12,800 years BP. The presence of an unusual platinum spike is similar to an iridium anomaly found along the Cretaceous boundary; platinum, iridium, and certain other elements, while uncommon here on Earth, are more abundant in asteroids. Hence, the paper’s authors argue that this could indicate an extraterrestrial source for the platinum, consistent with an impact. While the impact theory of the Younger Dryas event 12,900 years BP remains controversial, the accumulation of supporting data in recent years does lend itself to the theory’s credibility.
Aerial view of Pingualuit crater in Nunavik, northern Quebec, Canada.
Other notable examples in modern times include the famous Tunguska incident of 1908, where what is believed to have been a massive space rock exploded in midair over Siberia. Even without a direct impact, the resulting blast over the Siberian tundra leveled trees over an area spanning more than 750 miles, which would easily have decimated any major population center.
If what history has shown is any indication, the threat presented by asteroid impacts is all-too-real. The widespread dangers associated with such an event are justifiable grounds for raised awareness and a renewed focus, as far as how catastrophic effects associated with such an impact might be mitigated. The future of humanity–and all life on Earth–may depend on it.
The only thing bigger than this news would be that Stephen Hawking recorded one last appearance on “The Big Bang Theory,” but a paper on the multiverse written and finished just weeks before his passing qualifies as a close second.
“The usual theory of inflation breaks down in eternal inflation. We derive a dual description of eternal inflation in terms of a deformed Euclidean CFT located at the threshold of eternal inflation. The partition function gives the amplitude of different geometries of the threshold surface in the no-boundary state. Its local and global behavior in dual toy models shows that the amplitude is low for surfaces which are not nearly conformal to the round three-sphere and essentially zero for surfaces with negative curvature. Based on this we conjecture that the exit from eternal inflation does not produce an infinite fractal-like multiverse, but is finite and reasonably smooth.”
That’s the abstract from “A smooth exit from eternal inflation?”, a paper authored by Stephen Hawking and Thomas Hertog and published this week in the Journal of High-Energy Physics. It attempts to resolve a complicated conundrum of Hawking’s own creation – the possible existence of an infinite number of universes. This idea – named the Hartle-Hawking theory after Hawking and his previous partner-in-multiverses, physicist James Hartle – messes with the idea of parallel universes by proposing that other universes are far different than our own, with some being similar variations with minor alterations in developmental paths while other looking nothing like ours – no planets, no creatures, etc. While that sounds like an infinite number of fun places to visit, it implies that each has its own laws of physics, which makes it impossible to predict what universal variation we live in.
“Neither Stephen nor I were happy with that scenario.”
Or as Hawking more poetically put it:
“The usual theory of eternal inflation predicts that globally our universe is like an infinite fractal, with a mosaic of different pocket universes separated by an inflating ocean.”
Thomas Hertog told the BBC that this is a mess which only the brain of Stephen Hawking could get us out of. Even so, it took both of them 20 years of work and the development of new mathematical techniques from string theory to reach their conclusion that there exists a finite number of universes and they all share the same laws of physics. That would eliminate the previous idea of “eternal inflation” mentioned in the paper’s title, which theorized that the real big bang was followed by an exponential expansion of space (cosmic inflation) into an infinite number of unique “pocket” universes – an inflation that occurred a mere seconds after the Big Bang, was rapid at first and now slowly and infinitely continues.
This may not be a big deal to you, but Hertog points out that it will make the work of physicists much easier by explaining why our universe, despite pockets of chaos (we’re looking at you, Washington), is surprisingly orderly.
“This paper takes one step towards explaining that mysterious fine tuning. It reduces the multiverse down to a more manageable set of universes which all look alike. Stephen would say that, theoretically, it’s almost like the universe had to be like this. It gives us hope that we can arrive at a fully predictive framework of cosmology.”
It sure would be nice to see Stephen saying it on an episode of “The Big Bang Theory” called “The Eternal Inflation” and watch Sheldon’s head explode from the inflation one more time.
I found this black dome city on one of Jupiters moons today. Its located on the moon Ganymede and is called Khensu crater, but clearly it is not a crater, but a semi-transparent domed city. Much like the black eyelids of the grey aliens, this material is made this way to allow some light to pass through, but to filter dangerous radiation from the sun and universe. Also, it may have been created by the greys themselves.
This alien statue on top of a hill was found by Streetcap1 of Youtube this week. It has a rectangle head, and a hat or ears that flop over like a rabbit or stocking cap. Clearly has signs of intelligent design. Also he found a structure on top of a hill in another photo. The roof of the structure is turned diagonal so debris and sand will fall off easily. Also is a large open window ware below the roof. Absolute evidence that aliens once thrived on Mars. Scott C. Waring
Did Someone Photograph A Half Human—Half Animal ‘Monster’ In Argentina?
Did Someone Photograph A Half Human—Half Animal ‘Monster’ In Argentina?
What on Earth have people spotted walking on the streets of Santa Fe, in Argentina?
A bizarre creature, described as half human and half animal has been photographed in the South American country, sending the internet into a frenzy.
People who spotted the mysterious creature say that it couldn’t be identified, as it mauled two dogs, creating panic among the inhabitants of Totoras, Santa Fe.
The photograph, taken at night, and is somewhat blurred, has circulated on social networks to warn about the danger the mysterious creature represents.
In an audio broadcast, it is detailed that the ‘monster’ killed a pit bull and a German shepherd who confronted the unidentified monster.
Reports indicate that soon after it disappeared.
Obviously, the image didn’t take long to go viral, triggering many rumors and theories.
There are even those who compare it with the Demogorgon, the monster of the popular Netflix series ‘Stranger Things’.
Others have compared the massive creature to illustrations of werewolves of the Harry Potter Saga.
“Here in the Philippine it is called ASWANG a man transforms into a monster dog it is a demon it can even shift into a cat or a big bird,” wrote some users on social networks, while others compared it to mythical creature like the Chupacabra—a blood-sucking animal which, according to folklore, feasts on livestock.
It seems that for now, we can only explain the creature using fictitious representations, but does that mean it’s a hoax?
Well, not necessarily but the image is a fake.
As it turns out, it’s a fake, and a bad one at that.
The original image (drawing) was taken from the internet (it is from Harry Potter) and fused into another image. Adding a bit color, adjusting shadows and BAM! You got yourself a mystery.
The original image was taken from this one:
Notice the similarity with the image from the article from NOVAand El Perfil who ran the news?
Let’s flip the image a bit:
See the similarity now?
Now, all the artist had to do was remove the background and implement the alleged ‘monster’ into the picture.
And there you have it a perfect recipe served for an image and news article that quickly spread among Argentinian news outlets and made its way around the world.
So, don’t worry, the creature isn’t real, it’s just one of the many hoaxed images that quickly go viral due to their nature, and mystery surrounding them.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
‘Secret’ Map Shows ‘Flight Path Of UFO That Crashed in The Welsh Mountains’
‘Secret’ Map Shows ‘Flight Path Of UFO That Crashed in The Welsh Mountains’
One of the most famous UFO stories can be traced back to the Welsh mountainside.
Knowns popularly as the Welsh Roswell, the UFO sightingoccurred in 1974 in the Berwyn Mountains.
On January 23, 1974, on the Berwyn Mountains in Llandrillo, Merionethshire, Wales, lights and noises were observed by locals which people couldn’t explain.
The old map which claims to show the route taken by RAF jets and a UFO in the Berwyn Mountains incident.
Image Credit: Daily Post Wales/Russ Kellett.
According to scientific evidence, the event was generated by an earthquake combined with sightings of a bright meteor widely observed over Wales and northern England at the time.
However, not many were convinced by those explanations. UFOlogists at the time claimed how a UFO had crashed in the mountainside, and the British Government covered up the military’s recovery of a crashed spaceship.
During the UFO sighting, the Institute of Geological Sciences reported that a magnitude 3.5 earthquake was felt at 8:38 p.m. over a wide area of northern Wales and as far as Liverpool, England.
But despite talks of meteors and earthquakes, people were convinced they had witnessed an unidentified flying object in the sky, and according to former Ministry of Defense employee and UFO investigator Nick Pope, the UFO wreckage was likely taken to RAF Rudloe Manor.
Now, nearly half a decade later, a mysterious map has surfaced, which allegedly shows the flightpath of the mysterious UFO that crashed into the Welsh mountainside, and UFO Researcher Russ Kellet has gone public with it.
According to Kellet, the map was given to him by witnesses of the UFO incident, and it clearly shows the path of the UFO before it crashed.
As noted by Metro, one of the witnesses claims to have seen an object on the hillside and ‘Saw bright red light, like coal fire red. Large perfect circle. Like a big bonfire.’
But despite many people claiming to have seen UFO’s in the sky, Sceptics argue that both the noise and the activity that followed were caused by earthquakes and meteors.
However, Kellet claims that five witnesses gave him the map which features red dots where the incident is said to have occurred, with black dotted lines leading to the dot from the west show the alleged path of RAF jets and UFO, reports Metro.
“The five saw a strange object and got out to have a look, but the military were there and told them to leave,’ Mr. Kellett said. They moved to a better position and started to take photos. They were all friends and four were in the military during World War Two. Afterward, they started doing their own research and the map is a result of what they found out and shows the flight paths.”
“It was very strange and I was a little bit spooked. I’ve carried the map around for a long time as part of my research. I’m getting older now and just wanted to put it out there to see what people make of it and if there was anybody else who could shed light on what happened,” concluded Kellet.
SPAIN DECLASSIFIES 1,900 PAGES OF TOP-SECRET UFO FILES
SPAIN DECLASSIFIES 1,900 PAGES OF TOP-SECRET UFO FILES
Furthermore, the declassified documents reveal a number of different sightings that occurred over Spain when UFO’s were detected by radar but were invisible for pilots who were sent out to intercept them.
A document which dates to the 28th of November 1979 indicates that numerous individuals observed two UFOs in Madrid. A military plane was sent out to search for the UFOs. The pilot of the intercepting aircraft didn’t see anything, even though “the weather conditions were excellent” and “radar contact had been established four times” the report reads.
That same report details other sightings, one of them occurred on November 27, 1979, when “lights in the sky, were observed by many people” and “unknown echoes” were recorded.
Furthermore, the report details how in 1971, a “luminous object was spotted following a T-33 in Talavera-Getafe route”; and in 1977, mystery lights were seen above Madrid.”
The first UFO sighting over Madrid was recorded on December 11 of 1968. Two witnesses reported at 20.05 hours and 20.30 hours the presence “of a very bright object with changes in brightness,“ in the southwestern parts of the capital.
Newton Abbot, England disc captured on April 18 2018
Filer’s Files #17 2018 Life After Death - PART I
In special reports, this week’s files cover: Allen Hynek Astronomer and Ufologist, The Body Electric, Human Energy Field, Telepathy, Faith Healing, Samarians Claimed Visitors From Space, Researchers Claim That Humans Have Souls Which Can Live on After “Death!” Kissing Helps Your Health, and Monoliths on Mars and Moon
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Alabama, California, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Virginia, and Washington.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Bulgaria, Canada, France, Germany, Iran, England in the United Kingdom and Venezuela.
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force investigated UFOs publicly for more than twenty years under Project Blue Book; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFO’s are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
Major George Filer Editor of The National UFO Center, would like to invite join him in Mt Shasta this summer July 27-29th 2018. He will present a wonderful program at the “From Venus with Love” conference.
Forward these files to your friends and neighbors.
Special Projects
Allen Hynek Astronomer and Ufologist
Allen Hynekan American astronomer, professor, and ufologist. He is perhaps best remembered for his UFO research. Hynek acted as scientific advisor to UFO studies undertaken by the U.S. Air Force under three consecutive projects: Project Sign (1947–1949), Project Grudge … and Project Blue Book(1952–1969).
In later years he conducted his own independent UFO research, developing the “Close Encounter”classification system. He is widely considered by ufologists as the father of the concept of scientific analysis both of reports and especially of trace evidence purportedly left by UFOs
At a hearing in the U.S. House of Representatives, Symposium before the Committee on Science and Astronautics on July 29, 1968, Allen Hynek took some of his significant UFO reports out of wraps and presented them to the committee. He said, “He admitted he first regarded the UFO subject as “rank nonsense.” But in describing his changed opinion he said;
“I have been led to a conclusion quite different the cumulative weight of continued reports from groups of people from around the world, whose competence and sanity I have no reason to doubt, reports involving close encounters with unexplainable craft, with physical effects on animals, motor vehicles, plants, and on the ground, has led me reluctantly to the conclusion that either there is a scientifically valuable subset of reports in the UFO phenomena, or that we have a world society containing people who are articulate, sane and reputable in all matter save UFO reports.”
“. . . when one or more obviously reliable persons reports – as has happened many times – that a brightly illuminated object hovered a few hundred feet above their automobile, and that during the incident their car motor stopped, the headlights dimmed or went out, and the radio stopped playing only to have these functions return to normal after the disappearance of the UFO, it is clearly another matter.”
“By what right can we summarily ignore their testimony and imply that they are deluded or just plain liars? Would we so treat these same people if they were testifying in court, under oath, on more mundane matters?” 14
He also wrote a letter to his boss, Colonel Ray Sleeper (Oct. 7, 1968) which exposed the myriad problems of Blue Book and chastised the Air Force for releasing astronomical answers to cases without consulting him.
Editor’s Note: Colonel Ray Sleeper Commander of the 3000 personnel Foreign Technology Division (FTD) visited me in my home and discussed UFOs and Dr. Hynek. FTD mission was to acquire, collect, analyze, and produce and disseminate foreign aerospace scientific and technological intelligence. Colonel Sleeper had personally observed UFOs while flying a B-52 and had read the entire Blue Book files.
When Ray took over FTD in 1966, he was told to cut 100 spaces from the three thousand man organization. He visited the Blue Book area and saw six cabinets full of reports. He felt there were 22,000 UFO reports and 15% were unexplained. He felt that Bluebook was the only unit in the Air Force investigating UFOs. They attempted to make a serious study of the phenomenon. They used Dr. Hynek who came in once a month and reviewed all the recent cases. He was ordered to fire Hynek for publishing some the UFO files, even though he personally liked him. Dr. Hynek made statements that were often controversial and in disagreement with Air Force point of view. He was ordered to rehire him by Secretary of the Air Force Harold Brown.
Ray Sleeper was open about UFOs and felt they existed. He indicated many Air Force generals such a General Watson did not believe they were extraterrestrial and were developed by a foreign country such as the Soviet Union. Watson had collected advanced German aircraft at the end of the war and these were shipped to the Wright Patterson Air Force Base.
I asked him about Colonel Sleeper about Kecksburg. An unidentified flying object that came down on December 9, 1965. The famous Kecksburg UFO streaked across the sky and landed in a wooded hollow in Pennsylvania. Researchers consider the Kecksburg UFO one of the great unsolved mysteries. It was 4:47 p.m. when it came out of the sky from the northwest, a flaming object from over Canada, Ohio and into Western Pennsylvania. It appeared to be guided, changing its path and making a level descent away from residential areas and into the woods of Kecksburg.
The first people on the scene said it was partly buried in the ground. It was made of metal, between 10 and 12 feet long, and generally shaped like an acorn. There were strange markings on a band near the bottom that resembled hieroglyphics.
According to Colonel Sleeper it was brought directly to FTD on a low boy and was analyzed. It was a Soviet Satellite with advanced capabilities. FTD had participated in a deorbited Soviet satellite recovery that had landed in Africa as well as the one that landed in Kecksburg. He claimed it had an unusual type ceramic coating on it that his people could not duplicate. He eventually sent samples to a lady from Long Island who was able duplicate the ceramics in her own laboratory. International law states we must return the satellite to its owner, so the recovery was kept secret. We then used the technology on our reentry satellites. He further recommended reading a book on black projects called “Dark Secrets” to give us a feeling about our intelligence activities..
The Body Electric
The Body Electric: Electromagnetism and the Foundation of Life is a book by Robert O. Becker and Gary Selden in which Becker, an orthopedic surgeon at SUNY Upstate working for the Veterans Administration, described his research into “our bioelectric selves”.[1] Ever since humans invented computer chips, we have dreamed of plugging them into us, or plugging us into them. And why not?
A living body is inherently electrical: once every second or so, a dime-size bundle of cells in the upper chamber of the human heart produces an electrical pulse that keeps the organ beating, until the pulse ceases and we die. Cells shuttle ions in and out, communicating in a language tantalizingly similar to the positive and negative charges of electrical circuits. Eyes, ears, nose, tongue, skin—these are merely interfaces, ways for a body to chemically convert the uncharged outside world into current that, as it leaps through the brain, creates our thoughts and feelings. The book discusses regeneration, primarily in salamanders and frogs. and hypothesized that electric fields played an important role in controlling the regeneration process.
He mapped the electric potentials at various body parts during the regeneration, showing that the central part of the body normally was positive, and the limbs were negative. When a limb of a salamander or frog was amputated, the voltage at the cut (measured relative to the central part of the body) changed from about -10 mV (millivolts) to +20 mV or more the next day—a phenomenon called the current of injury.
“The Body Electric” tells the fascinating story of our bioelectric selves. Robert O. Becker, a pioneer in the field of regeneration and its relationship to electrical currents in living things, challenges the established mechanistic understanding of the body. He found clues to the healing process in the long-discarded theory that electricity is vital to life. But as exciting as Becker’s discoveries are, pointing to the day when human limbs, spinal cords, and organs may be regenerated after they have been damaged, equally fascinating is the story of Becker’s struggle to do such original work. The Body Electric explores new pathways in our understanding of acupuncture, psychic phenomena, and healing.
Electricity is everywhere, even in the human body. Our cells are specialized to conduct electrical currents. Electricity is required for the nervous system to send signals throughout the body and to the brain, making it possible for us to move, think and feel. So, how do cells control electrical currents?
The elements in our bodies, like sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, have a specific electrical charge. Almost all of our cells can use these charged elements, called ions, to generate electricity.
Not only does the cell membrane function as a barrier to molecules, it also acts as a way for the cell to generate electrical currents. Resting cells are negatively charged on the inside, while the outside environment is more positively charged. This is due to a slight imbalance between positive and negative ions inside and outside the cell. Cells can achieve this charge separation by allowing charged ions to flow in and out through the membrane. The flow of charges across the cell membrane is what generates electrical currents.
Cells control the flow of specific charged elements across the membrane with proteins that sit on the cell surface and create an opening for certain ions to pass through. These proteins are called ion channels. When a cell is stimulated, it allows positive charges to enter the cell through open ion channels. The inside of the cell then becomes more positively charged, which triggers further electrical currents that can turn into electrical pulses, called action potentials. Our bodies use certain patterns of action potentials to initiate the correct movements, thoughts and behaviors.
A disruption in electrical currents can lead to illness. For example, in order for the heart to pump, cells must generate electrical currents that allow the heart muscle to contract at the right time. Doctors can even observe these electrical pulses in the heart using a machine, called an electrocardiogram or ECG. Irregular electrical currents can prevent heart muscles from contracting correctly, leading to a heart attack. This is just one example showing the important role of electricity in health and disease.
Paralyzed
Abductees report they can be paralyzed only able to move their eyes, made unconscious or put to sleep by Extraterrestrials. Some report the aliens can stop or minimize pain while many have reported healings. The Aliens may be using electrical technology to stop or curb people’s electrical impulses and the ability to move. This technology may be similar to stopping automobile engines.
Human Energy Field
Kirlian believed that images created by Kirlian photography might depict a conjectural energy field, or aura, thought, by some, to surround living things. Kirlian and his wife were convinced that their images showed a life force or energy field that reflected the physical and emotional states of their living subjects. They thought that these images could be used to diagnose illnesses. In 1961, they published their first article on the subject in the Russian Journal of Scientific and Applied Photography. Kirlian’s claims were embraced by energy treatments practitioners. This article is about a book on bioelectromagnetism. A book on Kirlian photography by Thelma Moss has a similar title.
Telepathy
Abductees and some contactees with Extraterrestrials frequently report that ET has the ability of telepathic communication. Telepathy is the communication between two minds, separated over a distance, without the use of the five known senses. Groups of people claim to successfully call on UFOs by prayer or telepathic meditation. After contact with ET many people report greater psychic abilities.
Telepathy is the psychic phenomena by which communication occurs between minds, or mind-to-mind communication (telepathically). Such mental telepathy communication includes thoughts, ideas, feelings, sensations and mental images. Telepathic descriptions are universally found in writings and oral lore. In tribal societies such as the Aborigines of Australia telepathy is accepted as a human faculty, while in more advanced societies it is thought a special ability belonging to mystics and psychics. Although not scientifically proven, telepathy is being increasingly studied in psychical research. It is also known as mind reading.
At some point or the other, we all have experienced Telepathy. Maybe you were thinking of someone you haven’t talked to in months and you suddenly get a call from him. Or when two people are together, they might say the same thing at the same time. These are spontaneous mind-to-mind communication. Such Telepathy that tends to occur frequently between closely related individuals. Interest in telepathy increased following World War I as thousands of bereaved turned toward Spiritualism attempting to communicate with their dead loved ones.
Most often telepathy occurs spontaneously in incidents of crisis where a relative or friend has been injured or killed in an accident. An individual is aware of the danger to the other person from a distance. Such information seems to come in different forms as in thought fragments, like something is wrong; in dreams, visions, hallucinations, mental images, in clairaudience, or in words that pop into the mind. Often such information causes the person, the receiver, to change is course of action, such as changing his travel plans or daily schedule, or to just call or contact the other person. Telepathy seems to be related to the individual’s emotional state. This is true of both the sender and receiver. Most women were receivers, as case findings showed, and one possible explanation is that women are more in touch with their emotions and rely on intuition more than men. It appears to be related to some biological factors during telepathic sending, and electroencephalogram monitoring show that the brain waves of the recipient change to match those of the sender.
Astronaut Edgar D. Mitchell
Also, telepathy is not affected by distance or obstacles between the sender and receiver. A telepathic experiment conducted during the Apollo 14 mission in 1971 proved distance is not a barrier. The experiment was not authorized by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), nor was it announced until the mission was completed. Astronaut Edgar D. Mitchell conducted the experiment with four recipients on Earth, 150,000 miles below. Mitchell concentrated on sequences of twenty-five random numbers. He completed 200 sequences. Guessing 40 correctly was the mean chance. Two of the recipients guessed 51 correctly. This far exceeded Mitchell’s expectations, but still was only moderately significant.
In conclusion telepathy, like the other forms of psychic phenomena is elusive and difficult to test systematically. Enough evidence is available to reasonably substantiate the phenomenon does exist.
Faith Healing
Faith healing is the practice of prayer and gestures (such as laying on of hands) that are believed by some to elicit divine intervention in spiritual and physical healing, especially the Christian practice. Believers assert that the healing of disease and disability can be brought about by religious faith through prayer and/or other rituals that, according to adherents, can stimulate a divine presence and power. Reports of healing from angels or ET is fairly common. Healing may occur by the transfer of increased electrical energy to the sick person.
On September 20, 2006, 53-year-old Jeff Marken walked into the emergency room of Palm Beach Gardens Hospital suffering from a massive heart attack. Dr. Chauncey Crandall serves as a cardiologist at the hospital and was called in to evaluate Jeff after treatments to revive him seemed unsuccessful. Jeff died 40 minutes later and was declared dead. As the nurse began preparing Jeff’s body for the morgue, Dr. Crandall heard the Holy Spirit tell him to pray for Jeff’s body. There was no life in him. His face, feet and arms were completely black with death, and I sat next to his body and I prayed.” A few minutes later, there was a heartbeat.
“It was a perfect beat; and then after a few more minutes, he started moving and then his fingers were moving and then his toes began moving and then he started mumbling words,” he said. Later, Jeff awakened. Dr. Crandall shared the Lord with him and he dedicated his life to Christ. Many Doctors and Pastors testify to the power of prayer.
There is no doubt that the Bible is filled with accounts of Jesus’ healing miracles. When we look at the healing ministry of Jesus, we recognize how He healed and whom He healed. Jesus did this by the Word and through the faith of those who desired His healing. There are many questions that come up related to the ministries of healing. Scripture tells us to turn to prayer.
The Bible says, “Is anyone among you sick? Let him call for the elders of the church, and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord” (James 5:14). We must clearly say what healing is needed. This word must be spoken confidently. If you or someone you know is facing a difficult illness or disease I suggest you pray for that person, want to unleash God’s healing power in your life, lift up these prayers for healing:
Prayer for a Sick Person
I turn to You in this time of illness. Dearest Comforter of the troubled, alleviate our worry and sorrow with Your gentle love. We ask that You restore Your servant to health again. Above all, grant us the grace to acknowledge Your holy will and know that whatever You do, You do for the love of us. Amen.
Sumarians Claim Visitors From Space
The late Zechariah Sitchin the bestselling author of four books called the “Earth Chronicles” told me that Genesis is true and ought to be read practically as a historic and scientific document. He felt that ancient civilizations are older and much more technically/scientifically oriented than we once believed. Ancient Sumerian texts as well as the Bible reveal the existence of angels or Anunnaki, ‘Those who from Heaven to Earth Came.’ Only in recent years has modern science caught up with ancient scientific knowledge.
Scientist Dr. Carl Sagan in his book, “Intelligent Life in the Universe” indicated Earth had likely been visited by extraterrestrials. He states: “Sumer was an early–perhaps the first -civilization the contemporary sense on the planet Earth. It was founded in the forth millennium B.C. or earlier. We don’t know where the Sumerians came from. I feel that if the Sumerian civilization is depicted by the descendents of the Sumerians themselves to be of non-human origin, the relevant legends should be examined carefully.” (Page 456) He goes on to ask, “What might an advanced extraterrestrial civilization want from us?”……He answered his own question by stating,“One of the primary motivations for the exploration of the New World was to convert the inhabitants to Christianity — peacefully if possible — forcefully if necessary. Can we exclude the possibility of an extraterrestrial evangelism?” (Page 463)
In ancient Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Greece, Judaism, Christianity and in Islam angels were sent as divine messengers to humans to instruct, inform, or command. Many abductees claim healing, love and miracles from the angels. I met a pastor who stated he was drowning in a lake and was descending deeper with no hope, when an angle lifted him up to safety. He believed he was saved to breach about his miracle.
Researchers Claim That Humans Have Souls Which Can Live on After “Death!”
Breaking the idea that human consciousness lives on after death in an “Afterlife” has been put forward by a number of well-respected scientists! George Harrison claims Leading researchers believe that a person’s consciousness is stored at the quantum — sub-atomic — level in the form of microtubules located within human cells which then leave the body once the host body/vessel “dies!”
Scientists have claimed that death may NOT be as final as we once feared – and that humans have souls that can leave the body after their hosts kick the bucket. The idea that human consciousness lives on after death has been put forward by a number of well-respected scientists. British physicist Sir Roger Penrose explains how the human conscious lives on after death.
Stephen Hawking’s and Roger Penrose scientific works included a collaboration on gravitational singularity theorems in the framework of general relativity. Sir Roger the British scientist at the forefront of the theory claims that humans have souls which don’t die along with the body. We may not know exactly what consciousness is, but physicist Sir Roger Penrose believes that it’s just a packet of information stored at a quantum — or sub-atomic — level. Sensationally, he claims to have found evidence that this information, which is stored in microtubules within human cells, leaves the body after a person dies. The researchers argue that humans have souls which leave the body upon death, and can live on without it forever. At the time of death of my cousin visited my Mother as an ghost like apparition to say goodbye before we were aware he had been killed in a train accident.
Artists Concept of Soul
Sir Roger has argued that when a person dies temporarily, this quantum information is released into the universe, only to return to the body’s cells if the host is brought back to life. He argues that this explains why people can have near-death experiences, and believes that this quantum information amounts to a soul leaving the body. The physics expert said: “If the patient dies, it’s possible that this quantum information can exist outside the body, perhaps indefinitely, as a soul.” Sir Roger claims to have found evidence that human consciousness can live on after a person dies. Sir Roger claims that from a scientific point of view there must be a creator, we are too complex to be developed by chance. Several Abductees claim they have been offered to leave their old body and move to a new younger more attractive one while aboard UFOs. The aliens claimed your life force or soul can be moved and most likely you had done this many times during your many lives.
And Sir Roger is not alone in believing this, since his theory is backed by researchers at the renowned Max Planck Institute for Physics in Munich. Experts there argue that our physical universe is just a perception, and that once our bodies die there is an infinite life beyond. Dr Hans-Peter Dürr, former head of the institute, has said: “What we consider the here and now, this world, it is actually just the material level that is comprehensible. The beyond is an infinite reality that is much bigger. The body dies but the spiritual quantum field continues. In this way, I am immortal.” Abductees have been offered to exchange their present older body with more attractive younger bodies. Some subscribe to the theory that UFOs are from the future and are returning to fix the past in some way. Perhaps fixing the environment or preventing a World War. Thanks to VictorGMwebtv According to the book ”
“Heaven: A History” by Colleen McDannell, claimed ancient Greeks such as Plato and Cicero believed that the soul contained the most vital aspects of the person. Once released from its imprisonment in the body, the angels approached and greeted the soul and invited it to mount a chariot, after testing it for worthiness, and then traveled to a far off place. Hellenistic Jews and later Christians believe in the immorality of the human soul. The soul lived on with angels, and ultimately God in heaven.
David E. Twichell writes, “The ancient astronaut and Biblical UFO hypotheses are not new. However, no one seems to want to take the matter to the next logical step. If Ezekiel’s “wheel within a wheel” and Moses’ “pillar of fire and cloud” were forerunners of today’s UFOs, then the Star of Bethlehem and the brilliant cloud to which Jesus ascended must be treated in the same vein. When Biblical descriptions of anomalous aerial phenomena are overlaid on that of modern-day UFO reports, the picture seems to meld as one. Once the evidence has been presented, the reader is led to a conclusion that is at best convincing and at least thought provoking. Jesus is prophesied to return on a cloud.
People who kiss more than usual were significantly less stressed and depressed after 6 weeks than people who didn’t. That’s because kissing—and other types of affectionate behavior—might lower your levels of the stress hormone cortisol. Plus, past research suggests that being affectionate can make you feel happier and more optimistic.
Monoliths on Mars and Moon
Buzz Aldrin one of the original astronauts who visited our moon has discussed the peculiar and solitary large rock, a monolith, that sits on the surface of the Martian moon Phobos.”When people find out about that they are going to say, ‘Who put that there? Who put that there?'”
Aldrin was right: many people are vexed by the Phobos monolith. It has inspired all manner of alien based conspiracy theories. The monolith is about 85 m (279 feet) across and some 90 m (300 feet) tall It’s about as tall as The Statue of Liberty including its base.. It stands in a desolate, featureless region of Phobos, which probably makes the monolith seem even more impressive. Phobos is one of Mars’s moons (Credit: Nasa/JPL-CalTech/University of Arizona)
Lan Fleming considered the possibility that the Phobos monolith may be artificial and not a geological feature or rock.. Former astronaut Buzz Aldrin has spoken about the Phobos monolith and his support for a mission to Phobos
Other spooky features, like the infamous face on Mars, pyramids apparent ancient forts, and structures reveal ancient Martians.
The Mars monolith is a rectangular object (possibly a boulder) discovered on the surface of Mars.[1] It is located near the bottom of a cliff, from which it likely fell. The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter took pictures of it from orbit, roughly 180 miles (300 km) away. It is estimated to measure about 5 meters wide.
It is not alone. Mars boasts a monolith of its own.
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Filer’s Files #17 2018 Life After Death - PART II
Filer’s Files #17 2018 Life After Death - PART II
UFO Sightings in the United States
Alabama Orb
Huntsville— We just got back from lunch and I noticed in the sky tons of chemtrails On April 21, 2018. I got off work about 2:30 PM. and was driving back to my shop and looked up at the sky and noticed a light mist in the sky. I stopped at the stop sign and decided to take a picture of it. Later going through my photos from Saturday and I just happened to notice the photo of a big orb with lights in the middle. It’s really strange thing so a friend of mine who has some friends at NASA sent the photos to them. They ran the photos through infrared framing and intense black framing. It’s evident it’s putting out a lot of energy. Thanks to MUFON CMS
California Object
Pacific Grove — Metallic objects were observed moving slowly in a very general North to South direction on April 22, 2018.. They seemed to move around each other, not traveling in a dead straight path. It took approximately 20 minutes for them to move across the sky with no apparent altitude gain. The photos I’m attaching were taken with a Canon 55-250mm lens at full zoom. These objects were fairly large and far away. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Florida Lights
I don’t think a rocket can make an L trail as it would be destroyed. So I’m stumped on how a rocked could have made it or what it was. It clearly looked like a smoke trail but the top disappeared first then the bottom half. What did I see? It surprises me what I see on this NASA channel. I’m pretty sure that the object was a mother ship. It was too perfect in shape and design. It reminded me of a paper airplane without wings. That was the tip off. Logos don’t fly or change direction. I’d love to see it again. Better yet be in it. It was huge. Thanks to Mike Kryptaglow
Georgia Lights
Evans— From my back patio I observed a bright pulsating and erratically moving set of four lights on April 24, 2018.
They appeared fixed in a gravitational lock while the formation moved up/down, right/left and pulsated many bright blended colors. It moved from the west towards the south maintaining the same average elevation of 15 degrees. My wife saw it with me. It closely resembled similar series of sighting one the late spring and early summer of 2016.
I felt excited by the sighting and went inside to get my NIKON D7500 DSLR with 300mm zoom. There was only one sphere shaped object with surface conformal lights radiating in 4 directions. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Hawaii Ball
Waikiki— I photographed a ball moving right to left on April 16, 2018 . If you watch the video, something goes fast in about two seconds. This frame from video catches the ball shaped object.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
New Jersey Cylinder
Eatontown— I was driving down the highway, I noticed I very large dark cigar shaped object with no lights hovering.
I snapped a picture on April 20, 2019.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
New York Lights
New York City — I am a street photographer out for a walk shooting the Lower East Side on April 24, 2018. I was heading north on Ludlow Street and as I was crossing Delancey, I turned facing east, to photograph the Williamsburg Bridge, and oncoming traffic at 8:08 pm. I saw nothing in the sky. It was cloudy and dark out other than city lights. When I got home and brought up my night’s photos on my computer, there were 9 lights in the sky. The lights had an organized pattern, sort of like a bird in flight. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Ohio Square
Cleveland – I was driving to work north on Route 77 towards downtown when I saw what I first thought was a banner add. However I couldn’t see an airplane and the shape was a very large square. The picture is from my cell phone while driving my truck. The object appeared to be over Lake Erie. If you have a idea of what this is, let me know. Oh this is not a piece of paper flying in the wind, as his object was probably about 2-3 miles away at least and descending. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Virginia Disk
Ashburn– I was taking pictures of a construction site in the morning on March 15th, 2018, I was on the fifth floor adjacent building looking down at new construction. I had taken a picture of a white round object with smaller circular objects around its rim. The object wasn’t discovered until April 21st when reviewing the pictures. I did not see the object. Nor did I hear the object because of the noise from the worksite. Picture was taken with a Samsung Galaxy S7. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Washington Lights
Bellingham— Photos were taken from the Cascades Amtrak train that departed at 7:45 AM from King Street Station on May 6, 2010. I was taking random photos from the train window about 2 hours into the trip for memories of the scenery. When we arrived home, I went through the photos and saw a tiny light progressing through 4 different photos flying east toward the mountains. A friend convinced me to share them on this site. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Worldwide UFO Sightings
Bulgaria
Sofia— I was at home in my apartment on April 24, 2018, at 20:25 hours. I noticed that it got really dark outside followed by a lightning storm. I decided to take some photos. The lightning storm lasted 10-15 minutes. Later on when I was reviewing the photos, I discovered the flying bright discs. What I found interesting is that I could see not only the flying discs, but details on them. Like details of space ships or something like that. I decided to share this with others to see what people think!? I don’t know if it is an optical illusion or something real. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Canada Black triangle
Edmonton— On April 22, 2018, around midnight my friends and I were having some cigars on my 10th floor balcony and enjoying the first warm evening of the spring. it was a nice clear night and we could see a few stars in the distance. our conversation was interrupted by a pulsing sound and we all looked up to see a large black triangle flying overhead at a pretty fast rate. it had 4 large silvery lights on the bottom of the triangle, with one light in the center and the other 3 at the corners. there was also a strange dark green aura around the front of the craft, which outlined the front 2 edges and seemed to glow. it took about 5 or 6 seconds for the craft to fly overhead and out of sight from our balcony. it seemed to be fairly close to us, or just very large. all 3 of us heard and saw the craft.
France Orb
Paris— First of all I’m not supposed to be driving and filming at the same time but I just wanted to show my wife how beautiful the weather is in Paris on April 22, 2018. So I was driving from the 16th district of Paris France to the 15th and when I passed over the bridge of Garigliano in front of France Television.
I turned the camera in the direction of the Eiffel Tower and I noticed this orb. Very bright and staying stationary over Paris.
Note: It is likely a balloon. Thanks to MUFON Thanks to MUFON CMS
Germany Light
Dresden — I think that the object is a spaceship orbiting Earth.
It was moving very slowly. I start recording it write at begin of the nightfall. In the background behind the trees you can also see the Moon.
Photo was taken on April 24, 2018.
Thanks to MUFON CMS
Iran Orb
Marvdasht— 1. I was at home and I was watching the sky on November 13, 2017. 2. flashing lights and a big shining ball. 3. it wasn’t a plane or something like that 4. it appeared suddenly after few flashing light and then I saw that shining object 5. I wasn’t surprised because I often see these objects 6. it was moving very slowly and disappeared in horizon. Thanks to MUFON CMS
UK/England Disk
Newton Abbot Devon — It was a sunny day and the sky was clear so I decided to go out and do some sky watching on April 18, 2018. I was hoping to capture something strange and it didn’t take me long to spot something out of place. I was looking east when I spotted something moving in my direction. I zoomed in with my Nikon P900 camera and I could clearly see that it was in fact a flying saucer. The photograph was taken at 11:39 AM of a flying saucer very high up. I quickly took a photograph and watched as it flew off at incredible speed heading north. I see UFOs all the time. I can’t wait to photograph more. Thanks to MUFON CMS
Venezuela Sightings
Agua Clara — Multiple lights appear on the a disc shape ogject in different colors. On picture 6 we can visualize beams of light northern hills of Also it seems that an object sends a curve tubular beam of light that reach the house of Teotiste Graterol. This is a zone with large deposits of marine fossils, crossed by the Mitare River. It is surrounded by mountains rich in minerals, mainly coal and quartz. In a first stage we made 30 field trips, utilizing video cameras, and very low frequency receptors (vlf), recorders and magnetometer. We produced and e-book that includes text, photos and videos, that was reviewed by UFO Magazine. Thanks to MUFON CMS
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UNIDENTIFIED FLYING OBJECTS – THE REALITY, THE COVER-UP AND THE TRUTH
UNIDENTIFIED FLYING OBJECTS – THE REALITY, THE COVER-UP AND THE TRUTH
Unidentified Flying Objects, or UFOs as they are commonly known, have been witnessed by millions of people all over the world and have been recorded in history books, myths, legends and traditions for thousands of years. However, many accounts that are recorded in ancient texts are dismissed as mere myths and legends, while UFO sightings that have taken place in the last few centuries have been classified as misinterpretations of natural phenomena, illusions, or conspiracy theories.
History has shown us time and again that a plethora of so-called ‘myths’ have their basis in reality. It is possible, and indeed likely, that stories and legends were a way for people to explain real—and perhaps perplexing—events using the knowledge and beliefs of their time. In support of this theory, a number of events described in mythology, which were once considered mere fairy tales, have now been proven through archaeology to have existed. A famous example is the city Troy, which is central to Homer’s ‘The Iliad’. Long considered to be a city of myth, Heinrich Schliemann’s discovery of the actual site in 1868 elevated it to a place in history. Nevertheless, the remainder of The Iliad is still viewed as a myth and fantasy without any serious attempts being made to investigate whether or not there may be more truth behind the tale. The same goes for many accounts of ‘flying machines’, which we find reference to in countless mythologies from numerous different cultures around the world.
Many cultures contain pictorial and written records of ‘flying machines’, yet these are usually dismissed as myth and legend.
(Wikimedia Commons)
It is common to see people selectively decide what is real and what is not and all of this on the unsubstantiated assumption that ancient people were primitive and had little to no knowledge compared to us today. On the contrary, many ancient civilizations, like the Sumerians, Indus Valley, and Egyptians existed with complex social structures, legal systems, art, astronomy, mathematics, and technology, some of which is still not fully understood today. The Antikythera Mechanism, for example, is a 2,200-year-old mechanical device that is still not completely understood despite decades of research by top scientists around the world.
Ancient Astronaut Theory
The topic of flying objects and supernatural beings from out of our world is one in which we find multiple references in mythologies. All of these myths and legends, along with archaeological evidence such as rock art depictions, have created a wave of theories that gave birth to the ‘Ancient Astronaut’ perspective, which links all of these ancient references and depictions to UFOs, and posits that extra-terrestrials visited Earth and made contact with humans in antiquity and prehistory, influencing the development of human cultures, technologies, and religions.
Unfortunately, there are numerous charlatans who have tried to ‘cash in’ on this movement for profit or publicity, or who have diminished it with caricatures of little green men, resulting in the ancient astronaut perspective being widely criticized and attacked for its lack of credibility. Consequently, what is in fact a plausible and possible explanation for what we see in ancient art and texts, is now rarely examined by scholars, who fear being ridiculed or having their professional career seriously undermined.
UFOs in art: “Battesimo di Cristo” 1710; Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge
(Wikimedia Commons)
UFO sightings in recent history
But let’s leave the ancient past for a while and examine just the last 80 years of human history. Millions of people all over the globe have witnessed unidentified flying objects. Many have been recorded in detailed reports witnessed by police, pilots, astronauts, government officials, pilots, military personnel and, of course, ordinary citizens. Some of the more well-known cases were witnessed by thousands of people at one time. Historical records make it evident that UFO appearances magnified during and after World War II, including the example of the famous ‘Foo Fighters’.
While most sightings can be explained either by celestial phenomena, airplanes, planets, weather phenomena, military exercises, or in some cases drug use or mental instability, there still exists a small percentage that cannot be accounted for by any of these explanations. This is what makes the phenomena important and not to be ignored, particularly considering that sightings are frequently reported around military bases and airfields and are therefore, at the very least, a matter of both national security and air safety.
It is an undeniable fact that there are cases of unidentified objects in our skies. It has been acknowledged by the major governments from all over the world simply through the very fact that official research has been conducted on the matter in the US, UK, Russia, Europe, China, South America, and many others. All of this research, in every single case, concluded that there is a percentage of phenomena that cannot be explained.
In the past decade, many countries have declassified their UFO research files, releasing thousands of documents through the Freedom of Information Act and making numerous UFO cases available in the public domain. One recently released document from the UFO files in Britain, revealed how Churchill, concerned about the UFO issue, ordered a shutdown of information for at least 50 years to prevent mass panic and the potential to undermine religious beliefs. The document in question was also published on the BBC news site in 2010.
By doing careful research on the topic, passing over obvious scam and fake stories, it is clear to see that unidentified flying objects do exist. So the question is not whether they exist or not, but rather, what are they? Are they of terrestrial or extra-terrestrial origin? And what is their purpose?
UFOs and the limits of science
Many prominent scientists have already stated that other civilizations must exist in the Universe, and that it would be statistically impossible for this not to be the case. However, with our knowledge of science and technology today, we cannot yet support the means for interstellar travel, and since we have not discovered intelligent life in our solar system, the assumption is made that there must be no way that extra-terrestrials could have travelled to Earth. However, this argument is of course flawed because it is based within the framework of our own understanding of the universe, and does not take into account the capabilities of civilizations that may be millions of years ahead of our own. It also hinges on the following assumptions:
We know everything about physics and reality and therefore there is no way that such distant travel can be achieved.
We are using our means to try to contact other civilizations (e.g. SETI’s attempts to pick up radio or communication signals) and since we don’t perceive any signals of OUR type, nothing must exist.
We are looking for organic forms of life exactly like us and for planets with the exact same conditions as ours.
It is clear that these arguments show the arrogance of mankind, a mankind that may just be an infant in the Universe. And this is not new. During the history of humanity, in every single period of time, we believed that we knew the truth, only to have it replaced later on by new ‘knowledge’.
There is nothing new to be discovered in physics now. All that remains is more and more precise measurement, Lord Kelvin, 1901, physicist
Quantum physics, still a relatively new and unexplored field in Science, has shown that reality could be completely different to what we believe it to be. Powerful telescopes have shown distant planets in solar systems that could possibly sustain life. Theories of wormholes and warp drives have shown that at a theoretical level we could achieve interstellar travel. Yes, we would require incredible amounts of energy to even think of trying to achieve something like this, so according to our standards today it is impossible to achieve, but in theory it can be achieved.
“It now seems quite clear that Earth is not the only inhabited planet. There is evidence that the bulk of the stars in the sky have planetary systems. Recent research concerning the origin of life on Earth suggests that the physical and chemical processes leading to the origin of life occur rapidly in the early history of the majority of planets within our Milky Way galaxy–perhaps as many as a million–are inhabited by technical civilizations in advance of our own. Interstellar space flight is far beyond our present technical capabilities, but there seems to be no fundamental physical objections to preclude, from our own vantage point, the possibility of its development by other civilizations.”
Carl Sagan, Ph.D. (Late Professor of Astronomy and Space Sciences, Cornell University)
Reluctance to engage with the UFO subject
The reason that the scientific community is not dealing seriously with UFOs is because the topic has been extensively ridiculed both by the media and in academic circles, with false information spread everywhere. For similar reasons, military personnel, astronauts, pilots, and other categories of professionals do not want to talk because, either they have been forced to sign confidentiality agreements, or because of fear that their careers would be destroyed. This is why we have seen many examples of ‘death bed confessions’.
One such case was with astronaut Gordon Cooper, who told the world about his experience encountering a UFO during his flight in the Mercury capsule in 1963. Before he died he stated: “for many years I have lived with a secret, in a secrecy imposed on all specialists in astronautics. I can now reveal that every day, in the USA, our radar instruments capture objects of form and composition unknown to us”.
While great efforts have been made to ridicule and disparage anyone who lends support to the existence of UFOs, the fact remains that there are numerous high-profile cases that are supported by solid evidence, and which should not be dismissed.
Recorded UFO sightings with extensive witness support
Below I present a very limited list constituting strong evidence for the existence of unidentified flying objects in the last 60 years.
1. November 1942 – LA Incident, known as the Battle of LosAngeles
It all happened in the early hours of February 25 in 1942. An aircraft flew over LA County that sparked an air raid alert (it was in the midst of WWII). Searchlights and guns were locked onto the aircraft for about an hour. The picture below appeared in the LA Times in a story about the Battle of LA It clearly shows a night time defensive response to an air raid. The aircraft was not hostile and obviously was not damaged by the attack. The Government stated that the craft they were shooting at was unidentified.
This incident involved a group of American servicemen stationed at a military base in Suffolk that contained a storage centre with nuclear weapons. There had been three consecutive night of sighting objects in the sky over the base, in some cases shining a light down upon the nuclear weapons storage. On the third night, approximately two dozen servicemen were sent into the forest to investigate one set of mysterious lights. The men reported seeing a spacecraft on the ground in close proximity to them and three extra-terrestrial beings. One serviceman claimed to have touched the craft. The whole incident was filmed and photographed by one of the servicemen, but all photos and videos were removed by the US military. When the British Government released the UFO files, the Rendlesham incident papers were missing – as reported on BBC.
In November, 1986, a Japanese crew of a jumbo freighter aircraft witnessed three enormous unidentified objects while flying over Alaska, USA. This sighting gained international attention when the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) announced that it was going to officially investigate this sighting because the Air Route Traffic Control Center in Anchorage, Alaska, had reported that the UFO had been detected on radar. The UFOs in this case were tracked on both ground and airborne radar, witnessed by experienced airline pilots, and confirmed by a FAA Division Chief.
Illustration of the object, with the Boeing 747 airplane on the right. Credits: UFO Reporter
The Belgium UFO wave began in November 1989. The events of 29 November would be documented by no less than thirty different groups of witnesses, and three separate groups of police officers. All of the reports related to a large object flying at low altitude. The craft was of a flat, triangular shape, with lights underneath. This giant craft did not make a sound as it slowly moved across the landscape of Belgium. The Belgium UFO wave peaked with events on the night of 30/31 March 1990. On that night, unknown objects were tracked on radar, chased by two Belgian Air Force F16s, photographed, and were sighted by an estimated 13,500 people on the ground – 2,600 of whom filed written statements describing in detail what they had seen. Following the incident, the Belgian air force released a report detailing the events of that night.
The Phoenix Lights (also identified as “Lights over Phoenix”) was a UFO sighting which occurred in Phoenix, Arizona, and Sonora, Mexico on Thursday, March 13, 1997. Lights of varying descriptions were seen by thousands of people between 19:30 and 22:30 MST, in a space of about 300 miles (480 km), from the Nevada line, through Phoenix, to the edge of Tucson. Witnesses claim to have observed a huge square-shaped UFO, containing five spherical lights or possibly light-emitting engines. Fife Symington, the governor at the time, was one witness to this incident; he later called the object “otherworldly.”
On the night of August 30, a cluster of multi-colored lights was seen floating in the sky above Osaka. Several people reported to Twitter that they saw a group of lights forming a triangular shape and flashing green, red and white in the night sky above Izumi city in Osaka Prefecture. The sightings caused a commotion on Twitter after one user wrote: “Everyone in Osaka, go outside! There’s a UFO!” prompting others to grab their cameras and snap up photos of mysterious luminous object.
At approximately 16:15 CST on Tuesday November 7, 2006, federal authorities at Chicago O’Hare International Airport received a report that a group of twelve airport employees were witnessing a metallic, saucer-shaped craft hovering over Gate C-17.
The object was first spotted by a ramp employee who was pushing back United Airlines Flight 446, which was departing Chicago for Charlotte, North Carolina. The employee apprised Flight 446’s crew of the object above their aircraft. It is believed that both the pilot and co-pilot also witnessed the object.
Several independent witnesses outside of the airport also saw the object. According to the Chicago Tribune’s Jon Hilkevitch, “The disc was visible for approximately two minutes and was seen by close to a dozen United Airlines employees, ranging from pilots to supervisors, who heard chatter on the radio and raced out to view it.”
The incident took place on May 2007 at 14.00 local time in Lima Peru. A series of moving lights resembling an armada of flying objects appeared in the skies. The story was reported on the news and was seen by thousands of people.
An unidentified flying object that disrupted air traffic in Hangzhou for an hour on Wednesday, 10th of July 2010. A flight crew preparing for descent first detected the object around 8:40 p.m. and notified the air traffic control department. Aviation authorities responded within minutes, grounding outbound flights and diverting inbound ones to airports in Ningbo and Wuxi. Eighteen flights were affected. A spokesman from the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) confirmed to ABC News that the matter is under investigation. He declined to disclose further details. A day after the sighting, however, an anonymous source told China Daily that authorities already discovered the identity of the UFO after an investigation but could not publically disclose the information because “there was a military connection.”
Disclosure
Many would say that the above examples constitute irrefutable proof that extra-terrestrial UFOs exist. So why isn’t the public told about it? Imagine the implications that disclosure would have and what it would mean. Acknowledgment of extraterrestrial civilizations having visited Earth would mean that many of the myths and legends of the past are in fact based on reality. It would suggests that humanity has been influenced for millennia by otherworldly beings, beings that in the past were considered gods. Disclosure would entirely topple the status quo and the balance of powers in society, and turn upside down what we know about the history of mankind.
The acknowledgement of the UFO phenomena is an event with the power to bring a global revolution in every sector of our lives today – technology and energy supply, communication and environmental concerns, society and religion. Is this what governments and corporations are afraid of – a shift in balance and their loss of their positions of power and control? Or is it that the powers that be are afraid of re-writing our human history?
“When the long awaited solution to the UFO problem comes, I believe that it will prove to be not merely the next small step in the march of science, but a mighty and totally unexpected quantum leap.”
Dr J. Allen Hynek, Scientific Advisor to the U.S. Air Force
UFO SIGHTINGS: MUFON’S MOST BIZARRE EYEWITNESS ALIEN ENCOUNTERS AND TESTIMONIES
UFO SIGHTINGS: MUFON’S MOST BIZARRE EYEWITNESS ALIEN ENCOUNTERS AND TESTIMONIES
UFO sightings are a daily occurrence for MUFON, the Mutual UFO Network, and the organisation is always on alert for more alien encounters. Here are some of the most bizarre eye-witness accounts of UFOs.
The Mutual UFO Network was established in 1969 and has since grown to become one of the world’s largest bodies of dedicated UFO hunters.
MUFON’s goal is to study, track and gather data on daily UFO encounters from around the world.
The UFO hunters said: “As the world’s oldest and largest UFO phenomenon investigative body we aim to be the inquisitive minds’ refuge seeking answers to that most ancient question, ‘Are we alone in the universe?’”
The bulk of MUFON’s work relies on user submitted reports which the organisation claims to meticulously review before publishing.
1. Boomerang UFO in Singapore – Case 87184
One of the more recently published UFO sightings, submitted by a witness in Singapore, concerns a “fast moving, boomerang-shaped” object in the sky.
The UFO was seen dashing across the sky under cloud cover on October 6, 2017.
The eyewitness recounted in Case 87184: “It was a very clear and cloudless night when I looked up and saw this boomerang-like, ‘cloud’ flying by.
“The ‘cloud’ had a very faint body and it maintained its shape while speeding past.”
The witness estimated the object was roughly 2km away from their position but managed to cover the entire distance along the horizon in “just a mere couple seconds”.
The witness stressed the UFO was moving to the east – against a northeastern wind.
They said: “There was no light nor sound coming from the object.”
MUFON researcher Robert Spearing has since closed the case as an Unknown UAV, or unmanned aerial vehicle.
UFO sightings: MUFO collects eye-witness reports of alleged alien spacecraft
UFO sighting photo: This alleged alien ship was pictured flying over Nevada, United States
2. Teardrop UFO in Nevada – Case 83759
Thousands of miles away in North Las Vegas, US, a witness submitted a report of what appeared to be a teardrop-shaped object flying some 500 feet above the ground.
The MUFON testimony claims the witness was outdoors shooting photographs of airplanes landing at Nellis Air Force Base in southern Nevada.
The testimony reads: “The UFO is too far away, about two miles, to say what it was. It was like a bright light, but when I blew it up, it looked like a smoky goldfish cracker.
“I blew it up to about 200 percent and it looked like a cloud of circular smoke. I probably don’t have the best equipment to say what it was.
“And with so few pixels, well, we don’t have enough solid evidence other than its descending path, which can be calculated by time to say, yes this was a UFO. But the object started up at 1,000 feet and pulled a 45-degree descent.
“And then, just disappeared.”
Nevada MUFON State Director Sue Countiss closed the case as an Unknown UAV.
3. Square UFO over the Philippines – Case 83456
The next case presents another oddly shaped object floating over a city but this time over Angeles City, northeast of Manila.
This UFO was spotted by a “trained US Marine observer” who was sipping a cup of coffee at 5.45am local time on May 1, 2017, during the encounter.
The witness said in their report: “I heard my dogs carrying on outside and went to investigate.
“At first, I thought they had barked at nothing, when I suddenly caught sight of the object.
“I watched it only for 30 seconds or so before realising that it wasn’t a plane, helicopter, or hot air balloon and ran into the house and grabbed my cell phone as it was the closest camera available.”
The case was investigated by Chase Kloetzke who closed it as an Unknown UAV.
UFO sighting: An eye-witness spotted this strange object over the Philippines
4. Low-flying triangle over California – Case 83410
A California witness claims to have seen a triangle-shaped object with seven, blinking lights pass over Fresno, US.
The UFO encounter took place on April 26, 207 around 9pm local time.
The eye-witness recollected: “I looked up in the sky and saw a triangle-shaped craft with seven white lights blinking all at the same time heading west.
“It was very clear and seemed too large to be an aircraft.
“I thought it might be a drone at first glance. But it was too large and too high in altitude to be a drone.
“The object made no noise. It seemed to be well above 500 feet at about 80-degrees above the horizon when we first spotted it.”
Adding: “After the event, I realized I may have viewed a possible UFO.”
The case was closed for MUFON by field investigator Hady Felfly as an Unknown UAV.
In 1947, in a cave one mile west of the Dead Sea, a Bedouin shepherd stumbled upon large clay jars filled with ancient scrolls. A series of further excavations of the neighboring caves by archaaeologists in the 1950s revealed these scrolls were a small fragment of the 800-plus manuscripts we now know as the Dead Sea Scrolls. These are the only known surviving Biblical documents written before the second century — and according to a discovery announced Tuesday, they may contain more revelations than previously known.
Using NASA-developed technology, a team of researchers led by archeologist Pnina Shor of the Dead Sea Scrolls Project were able to decipher texts on the scrolls that couldn’t be read with a naked eye. The text was found on fragments originally excavated from Cave 11 in 1956 — and since their discovery, they’ve sat in cigar boxes, their purpose unknown. However, on Tuesday, Shor and her team announced that not only were there unseen words on the bits of parchment, but the revealed text on at least one of the 2,000-year-old fragments “raises the possibility that it belonged to a still unknown manuscript.”
The Psalms scroll, one of the Dead Sea scrolls.
These findings were presented at an international symposium held in Jerusalem and organized to mark the 70th anniversary of finding the scrolls. “The Dead Sea scrolls are a universal cultural heritage,” Shor wrote in an abstract presented at the conference. “As such, it is our duty to safeguard the scrolls and preserve them for future generations, sharing them with the public and with scholarly communities worldwide.”
The process of text identification was kicked off by Ph.D. student Oren Ableman, who worked through 82 fragments found in Cave 11 — a site where portions of Paleo-Hebrew manuscripts belonging to Leviticus, Job, and Psalms had already been found. At first glance, most of these fragments appeared blank, but infrared microscopes and multispectral imaging revealed words that were, according to Shor, “invisible to the eye.”
Multispectral imaging is a NASA-developed technology that captures image data within wavelengths that range across the electromagnetic spectrum. Its receptors for red, green, and blue allow it to extract high-resolution information that the human eye can’t pick up and, while it was designed for space-based imaging, it’s been used on various analysis of documents and paintings.
And because there are still 20 boxes of hundreds of parchment and papyrus fragments taken from these caves still unexamined and in storage, the hope is that this technology can reveal new wonders in the coming years. The implications of what can be found are huge because what has already been discovered has been game-changing. “These texts paint a picture of diversity and complexity within Jewish religious life and philosophy,” states the Israel Antiquities Authority. “They have revolutionized our understanding of the world from which rabbinic Judaism and early Christianity emerged.”
After the Yellowstone supervolcano’s last two massive eruptions around 630,000 years ago, gargantuan clouds of ash and smoke filled the sky, blotting out the sun and cooling the oceans by about 3 degrees Celcius. Even considering the dire need to keep global temperature rise below 2 degrees Celcius, that’s a frightening prospect. But according to a new study recently published in Geophysical Research Letters, we should have plenty of time to prepare for an impending volcanic winter.
In order to examine the effects of tectonic movement on supervolcano eruptions, researchers Haley E. Cabaniss, Patricia M. Gregg, and Eric B. Grosfils created a computer model of the Taupo supervolcano in New Zealand. Then, they adjusted the variables in the model, checking to see how the volcano would respond to different amounts of seismic stress with different levels of magma. Regardless of the tectonic activity, they found that supervolcanoes will likely remain stable for hundreds or thousands of years when their magma reservoirs are growing.µ
The Yellowstone volcano won't explode until the magma reservoir reaches a critical mass.
That is, when a volcano’s magma reservoir is being actively augmented, the timescale for an eruption shortens to hundreds or thousands of years. But volcanoes can lie dormant for far longer. Yellowstone’s most recent (less massive) eruption resulting in lava flow was around 70,000 years ago. When volcanoes are dormant, they aren’t being supplied with magma, so they remain indefinitely stable.
“When new magma starts to rejuvenate a supervolcano system, we can expect to see massive uplift, faulting and earthquake activity,” Gregg said in a statement. “Even then, our models predict that the system would inflate for hundreds to thousands of years before we witness catastrophic eruption.”
Gregg said that geological activity preceding an eruption could include tectonic uplift of tens to hundreds of meters. And these signs don’t suggest the volcano would even erupt that soon. Rather, they indicate that the supervolcano’s reservoir is being filled with magma, and it could erupt in hundreds or thousands of years — plenty of time to prepare for damage control.
“People need to keep in mind that sites like Yellowstone are very well-monitored,” Cabaniss added. “Our models indicate that there should be plenty of warning.”
When NASA’s InSight lander(https://www.inverse.com/article/44379-mars-insight-lander-which-nasa-rover-is-best) lifts off on Saturday, it’ll have an enormous task ahead of it: analyzing Mars’s mysterious interior and measuring “Marsquakes.” There’s a lot riding on this little lander, since there’s debate about what’s actually going on inside the red planet, a planetary scientist tells Inverse.
Once InSight arrives to Mars on November 26, it’ll use its instruments to get right to work. The thing is, scientists only have some educated guesses about Mars’s subsurface—nothing is really that certain. We know that Mars probably has an inner and outer core, which together encompass about 900 and 1,200 miles (1,500 kilometers and 2,000 kilometers) of space. But there’s still the question of how—and if—“Marsquakes” exist, and what causes them.
“Until the last few years, we were pretty sure Mars’ interior was essentially dead,” Tanya Harrison, director of research at Arizona State University’s Space Technology and Science (NewSpace) Initiative, explains. “We didn’t think Mars had a magnetic field, which meant the core was solid. We also hadn’t seen any evidence of volcanic activity anytime in the geologically recent past.”
According to Harrison, two things changed these prevailing ideas about the red planet: the observation of aurorae by NASA’s MAVEN probe and the detection of methane emissions.
“These are clues that Mars might not be as dead on the inside as we once thought,” Harrison says.
Artist's rendition of MAVEN orbiting Mars
If there truly are Marsquakes, InSight would be the first lander to detect them. Since Mars does not have plate tectonics that shift around like the ones here on Earth, they could be caused by the magma from volcanoes or even meteorites striking the planet. Using its SEIS instrument, InSight will try and get to the bottom of this.
“[NASA’s] Viking landers had seismometers aboard, but they didn’t really come into contact with the ground,” Harrison says.
No matter what InSight finds in its two-year sojourn, one thing is true: even if Mars isn’t really “dead inside,” it’s still extremely goth. Stay tuned on May 5 to watch the lander lift off from Vandenberg Air Force Base on board a United Launch Alliance Atlas V 401 rocket.
Because my academic credentials (and my wife’s) include a wee bit of Jungian depth psychology, I occasionally get asked the question, “What book do you start with if you’re new to C.G. Jung?”
It’s a fair enough question, one that I was asking at the beginning of my graduate studies.
Now, there’s an easy answer to this question, but it’s not the one I’m going with…
Erinnerungen, Träume, Gedanken…
Or, as the English speaking world calls it:
Memories, Dreams, Reflections, known affectionately by Jungians as MDR.
Now, MDR has a lot to say, especially about Jung, as it is semi-autobiographical. If you really want to explore Jung on Jung, it’s a great starting place, bar perhaps his artistic-psychological grimoire/magnum opus, The Red Book.
Still, I think there’s a work that captures Jung better than either MDR or The Red Book, for the following reason:
This text expresses Jung’s disinterest in Truth, capital T intended. Objective, scientific realism; material reductionism; consensus reality; all of these were modernist and scientific keystones that were non-issues for Jung.
What matters, what’s Real for Jung, is what an individual perceives.
A skeptic might counter: Jung must mean what they believe they perceive.
Jung would reply: and the difference is?
To put it in slightly more pesky/academic terms, he held a phenomenological worldview where ontology (the nature of Being) and epistemology (the nature of Truth) were not meaningful independent realities, but were functions of each individual’s Psyche.
In other words, he would lowercase both “Being” and “Truth”; perception not only trumps reality, it is reality.
Or to put it simply, if you experienced it, then it’s Real enough.
Gods and Devils.
Angels and Demons.
Humans and Aliens…
Mythology was central to Jung’s thinking. He gave a lot of thought to Gods and Devils, to Angels and Demons.
Even Men and Monsters…
Therefore, it isn’t surprising that he eventually got around to Humans and Aliens.
***
So, back to the beginning of this piece, if someone asks me what I think the best introduction to Jung is, it isn’t MDR, or even the Alchemical/Mandala-centric The Red Book. Nope, I’ll go out on a cosmic limb here:
If you want to start with Jung, get a copy of Flying Saucers: A Modern Myth of Things Seen in the Skies, trans. R.F.C. Hull.
Now, there are definitely many things that aren’t addressed headlong in this short book. You need to look elsewhere for detailed discussions of archetypes, synchronicities, animas and animuses (or animi and animae for the more pedantic). In other words, this isn’t a sweeping overview of Jung, but rather a slice, a snapshot of his response to events that were being reported with greater frequency towards the end of his life.
***
Ancient Aliens, on the History Channel, is replete with medieval paintings that purportedly depict UFOs. Given Jung’s fascination with Western alchemy, it’s not surprising that he compiled his own list of UFO art from the middle ages, which he deals with in the fourth chapter of Flying Saucers, entitled Previous History of the UFO Phenomenon.
Jung provides us with four medieval images (while the third image is dated to the 19th century, it is thought to be a reproduction of a much older woodcut). The first two are interesting in that they represent recordings of witnessed events; they are neither allegorical nor fantasy images. The latter two, on the other hand, represent inspired art; metaphysical imagery that contain what Jung considered signs of UFO-like psychic-phenomenon.
Once again, Jung isn’t advocating for the existence of UFOs per se (not that he’s denying it, either, which is clear from the next chapter, titled UFOs Considered in a Non-Psychological Light). Jung’s interest lies in the psychological dimension of these experiences, “Real” or “Imagined”.
So let’s take a look at them:
1. Basel Broadsheet
Basel Broadsheet, 1566
Residents of Basel, Switzerland experienced something in the sky at dawn on August 7, 1566. The image above is a representation – here’s a description from the Basel gazette:
At the time when the sun rose, one saw many large black balls which moved at high speed in the air towards the sun, then made half-turns, banging one against the others as if they were fighting a battle out a combat, a great number of them became red and igneous, thereafter they were consumed and died out.
Jung connects this to another, very similar image: the Nuremberg Broadsheet.
2. Nuremberg Broadsheet
Nuremberg Broadsheet, 1561
Like the Basel broadsheet, this artifact is a news report, in this case recording the events in Nuremberg in the year 1561. Like the Basel event, this encounter happened in the early hours of the morning. However, unlike the Basel recording, individuals present at Nuremberg reported multiple religious objects in the forms of blood-red crosses.
Jung quotes excerpts from the broadsheet; here is a lengthier extract, written by the plate’s designer, Hanns Glaser:
In the morning of April 14, 1561, at daybreak, between 4 and 5 a.m., a dreadful apparition occurred on the sun, and then this was seen in Nuremberg in the city, before the gates and in the country – by many men and women. At first there appeared in the middle of the sun two blood-red semi-circular arcs, just like the moon in its last quarter. And in the sun, above and below and on both sides, the color was blood, there stood a round ball of partly dull, partly black ferrous color. Likewise there stood on both sides and as a torus about the sun such blood-red ones and other balls in large number, about three in a line and four in a square, also some alone. In between these globes there were visible a few blood-red crosses, between which there were blood-red strips, becoming thicker to the rear and in the front malleable like the rods of reed-grass, which were intermingled, among them two big rods, one on the right, the other to the left, and within the small and big rods there were three, also four and more globes. These all started to fight among themselves, so that the globes, which were first in the sun, flew out to the ones standing on both sides, thereafter, the globes standing outside the sun, in the small and large rods, flew into the sun. Besides the globes flew back and forth among themselves and fought vehemently with each other for over an hour. And when the conflict in and again out of the sun was most intense, they became fatigued to such an extent that they all, as said above, fell from the sun down upon the earth ‘as if they all burned’ and they then wasted away on the earth with immense smoke. After all this there was something like a black spear, very long and thick, sighted; the shaft pointed to the east, the point pointed west. Whatever such signs mean, God alone knows.
Unlike the Basel broadsheet, Jung goes to town “amplifying” the symbolism of the image (amplification is a Jungian technique for forming meaningful associations). I’ll leave out the details; intrepid psychonauts can hunt down the book for Jung’s interpretations. However, his conclusion on both of the broadsheet images is worth considering (pg. 97):
Both reports have clear analogies not only with one another but also with modern saucer stories and with individual products of the unconscious today.
3. The Spiritual Pilgrim Discovering Another World
The Spiritual Pilgrim Discovering Another World, 19th(?) century woodcut
Jung isn’t certain as to the origin of the woodcut deemed the The Spiritual Pilgrim Discovering Another World. He sees in it a Rosicrucian element, perhaps pointing to the Vision of Ezekiel, which has became a recurring meme among ancient astronaut researchers. In the end, Jung considers this more of a psychological vision than a UFO encounter, stating:
In these symbols we have a prototype of the UFO vision…They cannot be heavenly bodies belonging to our empirical world, but are projected “rotunda” from the inner, four -dimensional world.
4. The Quickening of the Child in the Womb
The Quickening of the Child in the Womb, 12th century manuscript
Hildegard of Bengin was a devout Benedictine abbess who received multiple visions which she perceived as being divine in origin. She was also a gifted composer, one of the most prolific of the 12th century.
In her forties, she felt compelled by God to record her visions, visions she had privately guarded to all but her inner circle. This compulsion led to the illuminated manuscript called the Scivias, Latin for “Know the Ways (of the Lord)”. Over six hundred modern pages long, with 35 images overseen by Hildegard, it is an exceptional piece of religious art (Hildegard followed it up with two more books of visions).
So, did Hildegard dream of little green men?
Well, Jung thinks she did.
Just like Ezekiel; for Jung, UFOs represent something latent in the human subconscious, which Jung conceived as being universal.
In other words, any of us might find ourselves being visited by psychic forces that we deem divine – or alien.
For Jung, these patterns have an existence of their own. He called them Archetypes, and they are the denizens of the Collective Unconscious, the Ur-DreamTime that every human being is exposed to, even though most of us remain unaware of it.
The Archetypes express themselves, be it through dreams, visions or art.
And so, despite the Hildegard’s obvious piety – there’s no hint of “alien” contact in her theology – Jung finds UFOs a plenty – most evidently in the image of the The Quickening of the Child in the Womb.
While acknowledging that the square in the heavens that is tethered to the unborn child represents the Christian Trinity, he still see’s the Archetypal imprint of the UFO phenomenon stamped on the image.
In fact, this is where he digs his teeth in, spending more time on this image than the other three combined, all on a work which is by definition religious.
In fact, as far as Jung is concerned, it proves his point: UFOs are part of our mental makeup, as surely as angels and demons, and always have been. In an increasingly secular world, it makes sense that these archetypal forces would don new clothes.
To put it another way, the Gods of old flew through the heavens on Chariots.
By the middle of the twentieth century, They had upgraded to Starships.
***
So, did Jung think the whole UFO thing was just in people’s heads?
Well, yes, but then again, he thought every thing was just in people’s heads, and the fact they even existed in the collective unconscious made them important.
Still, Jung hedges his bets: he certainly wouldn’t have been surprised if UFOs were shown to have physical reality.
However, for Jung, that wouldn’t change his line of inquiry:
To Be, or Not To Be, that is NOT The Question.
To Dream or Not To Dream, now THAT’s The Question.
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EXTRATERRESTRIAL UFO ARE REAL : BEN RICH LOCKHEED SKUNK WORKS DIRECTOR ADMITTED IN HIS DEATHBED CONFESSION
EXTRATERRESTRIAL UFO ARE REAL : BEN RICH LOCKHEED SKUNK WORKS DIRECTOR ADMITTED IN HIS DEATHBED CONFESSION
Ben Rich Lockheed Skunk Works director had admitted in his Deathbed Confession that Extraterrestrial UFO visitors are real and the U.S. Military travel among stars.
According to article published in May 2010 issue of the Mufon UFO Journal [Link] – Ben Rich, the “Father of the Stealth Fighter-Bomber” and former head of Lockheed Skunk Works, had once let out information about Extraterrestrial UFO Visitors Are Real And U.S. Military Travel To Stars
What he said might be new to many people today, but he revealed the information before his death in January 1995. His statements helped to give credence to reports that the U.S. military has been flying vehicles that mimic alien craft.
The article was written by Tom Keller, an aerospace engineer who has worked as a computer systems analyst for NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
1 : “Inside the Skunk Works: A Personal Memoir of My Years of Lockheed (Lockheed’s secret research and development entity), we were a small, intensely cohesive group consisting of about fifty veteran engineers and designers and a hundred or so expert machinists and shop workers. Our forte was building technologically advanced airplanes of small number and of high class for highly secret missions.”
2 : “We already have the means to travel among the stars, but these technologies are locked up in black projects, and it would take an act of God to ever get them out to benefit humanity. Anything you can imagine, we already know how to do.”
3 : “We now have the technology to take ET home. No, it won’t take someone’s lifetime to do it. There is an error in the equations. We know what it is. We now have the capability to travel to the stars. First, you have to understand that we will not get to the stars using chemical propulsion. Second, we have to devise a new propulsion technology. What we have to do is find out where Einstein went wrong.”
4 : When Rich was asked how UFO propulsion worked, he said, “Let me ask you. How does ESP work?” The questioner responded with, “All points in time and space are connected?” Rich then said, “That’s how it works!”
Ben Rich Lockheed Former Director knew of extraterrestrial UFO visitors
Lockheed “Skunk Works” former director knew the Roswell extraterrestrial UFO influenced designs of Testor model kits for Roswell UFO models, and U.S. top secret aircraft. According to a CNI News report by Colorado resident Michael Lindemann, the design information was derived from forensic illustrations and numerous witness testimonies about the Roswell UFO, provided by William L. “Bill” McDonald.
In an e-mail, dated July 29, 1999, apparently addressed to Lindemann, McDonald referenced an excerpt of a discussion with Harold Puthoff, founder of the highly classified U.S. “remote viewing” program.
McDonald said: “Well Hal, you asked for it! Now that legendary Lockheed engineer and chief model kit designer for the Testor Corporation, John Andrews, is dead, I can announce that he personally confirmed the design connection between the Roswell Spacecraft and the Lockheed Martin Unmanned Combat Air Vehicles (UCAVs), spyplanes, Joint Strike Fighters, and Space Shuttles.
Andrews was a close personal friend of “Skunk Works” director Ben Rich — the hand-picked successor of Skunk Works founder Kelly Johnson and the man famous for the F-117 Nighthawk “Stealth” fighter, its “half-pint” prototype the “HAVE BLUE”, and the top-secret F-19 Stealth Interceptor. Before Rich died of cancer, Andrews took my questions to him.
Dr. Ben R. Rich former Lockheed Skunk Works director confirmed:
1. There are 2 types of UFOs — the ones we build and ones ‘they’ build. We learned from both crash retrievals and actual “hand-me-downs.” The Government knew and until 1969 took an active hand in the administration of that information. After a 1969 Nixon “purge”, administration was handled by an international board of directors in the private sector…
2. Nearly all “biomorphic” aerospace designs were inspired by the Roswell spacecraft — from Kelly’s SR-71 Blackbird onward to today’s drones, UCAVs, and aerospace craft…
3. It was Ben Rich’s opinion that the public should not be told [about UFOs and extraterrestrials] . He believed they could not handle the truth — ever. Only in the last months of his decline did he begin to feel that the “international corporate board of directors” dealing with the “Subject” could represent a bigger problem to citizens’ personal freedoms under the United States Constitution than the presence of off-world visitors themselves.”
Lindemann added that “Bill McDonald received the above information from Andrews from 1994 until their last phone call near Christmas in 1998.” Lindemann also noted “It should also be known that Dr. Ben R. Rich attended a public aerospace designers and engineers conference in 1993 before his illness overwhelmed him in which he stated — in the presence of MUFON Orange County Section Director Jan Harzan and many others that – ‘We’ (i.e., the U.S. aerospace community/military industrial complex) had in it’s possession the technology to “take us to the stars”.
Lockheed Skunkworks Engineer USAF, and CIA Contractor Admitted : UFO Are Real
Don Phillips, “These UFOs were huge and they would just come to a stop and do a 60 degree, 45 degree, 10 degree turn, and then immediately reverse this action”. During the Apollo landing, Neil Armstrong says, “They’re here. They are right over there and looking at the size of those ships., it is obvious they don’t like us being here”. When I was working with the Skunk Works with Kelly Johnson, we signed an agreement with the government to keep very quiet about this.
Anti-gravitational research was going on. We know that there were some captured craft from 1947 in Roswell, they were real. And, yes, we really did get some technology from them. And, yes, we really did put it to work. We knew each other from what we call an unseen industry. We can term it black, deep black, or hidden.
The knowledge I have of these technologies came from the craft that were captured here. I didn`t see the craft, nor did I see the bodies, but I certainly know some of the people that did. There was no question that there were beings from outside the planet.
And if alien were hostile, with their weaponry they could have destroyed us a long time ago .We got these things that are handhold scanners that scan the body and determine what the condition is. We can also treat from the same scanner.
I can tell you personally that we’ve been working on them. And we have ones that can diagnose and cure cancer. One of the purposes I had for founding my technology corporation in 1998 was to bring forth these technologies that can clean the air and can help get rid of the toxins, and help reduce the need for so much fossil fuel. Yes, it is time. I can tell you personally that it has already started. pp. 375 ,383.
Before the eminent physicist died at age 76, Hawking completed a paper that describes a reality made up of multiple universes, but which are not too different to our own. This is Stephen Hawking’s final theory of the cosmos, a work that proposes to simplify the evolution of the last 13.8 billion years since time exists.
Stephen Hawking at Gonville & Caius College, Cambridge.
The new work is the result of a collaboration with Thomas Hertog, who is a Belgian physicist at the Catholic University of Leuven. The pair’s theory is sophisticated (and quite speculative) but not all that difficult to explain. You might have heard about the Big Bang, but modern physics has actually multiple, alternative theories that explain how our universe came to be. One multiverse theory suggests that right after the Big Bang, repeated bursts of ‘cosmic inflation’ occurred which seeded an endless number of pocket universes.
“The usual theory of eternal inflation predicts that globally our universe is like an infinite fractal, with a mosaic of different pocket universes separated by an inflating ocean,” Hawking said in late 2017.
“The local laws of physics and chemistry can differ from one pocket universe to another, which together would form a multiverse. But I have never been a fan of the multiverse. If the scale of different universes in the multiverse is large or infinite the theory can’t be tested.”
In their new paper, Hawking and Hertog came up with a different take. They propose that the pocket universes that fill space do not employ radically different laws of physics but rather these alternate universe may not actually vary that much from one another. By reducing the multiverse down to a more manageable set of universes which all resemble each other, scientists now have a better chance of arriving at a fully predictive framework of cosmology.
According to the two physicists’ new paper, the eternal inflation model is wrong since Einstein’s theory of general relativity breaks down on quantum scales.
“The problem with the usual account of eternal inflation is that it assumes an existing background universe that evolves according to Einstein’s theory of general relativity and treats the quantum effects as small fluctuations around this,” Hertog explained.
“However, the dynamics of eternal inflation wipes out the separation between classical and quantum physics. As a consequence, Einstein’s theory breaks down in eternal inflation.”
The new paper is based on work done by Hawking and US physicist James Hartle in the 1980s. The theory was revisited and updated with more powerful mathematical techniques used in string theory, where reality is described through the interaction of one-dimensional objects called cosmic strings. Ultimately, this allowed the physicists to reduce eternal inflation to a timeless state on a spatial surface.
“When we trace the evolution of our universe backwards in time, at some point we arrive at the threshold of eternal inflation, where our familiar notion of time ceases to have any meaning,” said Hertog.
Hertog says that the work he’s done with Hawking brings humanity one step closer to understanding the origin of the cosmos. Their assertions could be experimentally tested one day since the theory predicts that if the universe evolved as described, then telltale signs should be recorded in gravitational waves or in the cosmic microwave background, the radiation released by the Big Bang.
“We are not down to a single, unique universe, but our findings imply a significant reduction of the multiverse, to a much smaller range of possible universes,” said Hawking.
Stephen Hawking died on 14 March, at age 76, at his home in Cambridge. His ashes will be laid near the grave of Sir Isaac Newton at Westminster Abey during a thanksgiving service at the end of 2018.
WETENSCHAP & PLANEET De Amerikaans-Europese Hubble ruimtetelescoop heeft voor het eerst helium in de atmosfeer van een exoplaneet (een planeet buiten ons zonnestelsel) gevonden. Dat heeft het Hubble Space Telescope Institute in Baltimore bekendgemaakt, en is beschreven in het wetenschappelijke vakblad Nature.
Een groep wetenschappers vond met de Hubble helium in de atmosfeer van exoplaneet WASP-107b. De ontdekking is meten een primeur in het onderzoek naar planeten buiten ons zonnestelsel.
Na waterstof is helium het meest voorkomend gewoon element in ons zonnestelsel, legt hoofdonderzoeker en studente Jessica Spake van de Universiteit van Exeter in Groot-Brittannië uit. Het is ook één van de belangrijkste bestanddelen van “onze” planeten Jupiter en Saturnus. Ondanks een zoektocht was helium nog niet bij een exoplaneet gevonden.
De ontdekking was mogelijk door het infrarode spectrum van de atmosfeer van WASP-107b te analyseren.
Het hemellichaam is één van de minst dichte die tot nu toe bekend zijn. De planeet heeft ongeveer dezelfde grootte als de reuzenplaneet Jupiter, maar slechts twaalf procent van diens massa.
WASP-107b bevindt zich op ongeveer 200 lichtjaar van ons en heeft minder dan zes dagen nodig voor een baan rondom de moederster.
De hoeveelheid helium is zodanig groot dat de bovenste laag van de atmosfeer zich duizenden kilometers ver in de ruimte moet uitstrekken, luidt het.
Hubble has been used to detect helium in the atmosphere for 1st time ever on a world outside of our solar system! Exoplanet WASP-107b is 1 of the lowest density planets known. While it is about the same size as Jupiter, it has only 12% of Jupiter’s mass: http://www.spacetelescope.org/news/heic1809/
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MINI IJSTIJD DICHTERBIJ DAN WE DACHTEN ( VIDEO )
MINI IJSTIJD DICHTERBIJ DAN WE DACHTEN ( VIDEO )
Ondanks alle nepnieuws over het klimaat en dat de aarde zou opwarmen door de mens, is er maar één factor die de temperatuur op aarde bepaalt en dat is de zon.
Wanneer er dan onverwachte dingen gebeuren, zoals momenteel, dan heeft dit wel degelijk effect op de temperatuur op onze aarde.
Wij schrijven al langere tijd dat gezien de ontwikkelingen op de zon, je kunt concluderen dat we regelrecht afstevenen op een veel kouder klimaat. Dat dit ook niet maar enkele jaren zal duren, maar misschien wel een periode van 50 jaar of langer, net zoals tijdens het zogenaamde Maunderminimum, ook wel de Kleine IJstijd genoemd.
Het Maunderminimum is de naam die aan een periode (1645 tot 1715) wordt gegeven, waarin buitengewoon weinig zonnevlekken te zien waren. De periode is vernoemd naar de astronoom Edward Maunder, die de ontdekking deed toen hij verslagen uit die tijd bestudeerde. In een periode van 30 jaar werden bijvoorbeeld maar 50 zonnevlekken waargenomen, terwijl dat normaal tussen de 40.000 en 50.000 zijn.
De activiteit op de zon heeft een cyclus van elf jaar, waarbij het (aantal zonnevlekken) langzaam opbouwt tot een maximum om vervolgens weer geleidelijk af te nemen tot aan een volgend dieptepunt, waarna het weer opnieuw begint.
Op het volgende kaartje zie je de zo goed als vlakke lijn gedurende het Maunderminimun, waarna rond 1715 de normale zonnecyclus weer begint en je ook ziet dat de pieken sinds het midden van de vorige eeuw steeds hoger worden.
Echter, na 1980 worden de pieken van de zonnecyclus steeds lager:
Wanneer deze trend verder doorzet, dan is de volgende cyclus nog lager en gaan we zo langzaam maar zeker richting een nieuwe mini ijstijd.
De huidige cyclus 24 eindigt begin 2019 en we hadden nu volgens de computermodellen nog zeker enige activiteit op de zon moeten waarnemen. Maar, volgens de laatste berichten op Space Weather, krabben wetenschappers zich nu achter de oren, want dit is de situatie op de zon nu:
Geen enkele zonnevlek te bekennen, terwijl er dat toch zeker ongeveer 15 hadden moeten zijn, gezien het punt in de cyclus waar we nu zijn.
Op het volgende kaartje is te zien waar wij ons precies bevinden in de cyclus en het rode lijntje geeft het niveau aan waar we nu hadden moeten zijn met het aantal zonnevlekken en de blauwe geeft de werkelijke situatie weer; niets nada.
Dr. Tony Phillips in zijn artikel op Spaceweather verbaast zich dan ook over het verdwijnen van de zonnevlekken. Niet over het verdwijnen op zich omdat we naar het einde van een 11-jarige zonnecyclus lopen, maar wel over de snelheid waarmee dit gebeurt.
Iemand die zich ook niet houdt aan de “verplichte klimaatopwarming” theorie is de astrofysicus Piers Corbyn, de grote man achter Weatheraction.com en de broer van de Engelse leider van de Labour partij, Jeremy Corbyn.
In onderstaande video legt hij uit dat de mini ijstijd in feite al is begonnen en dat we ons de komende decennia kunnen opmaken voor een late start van de zomer, koele zomers, een korte herfst en strenge winters met veel sneeuw.
Hij roept dan ook politici te stoppen met al die maatregelen die energie duurder maken en ervoor te zorgen dat de energieprijzen nu omlaag gaan omdat dit iets is dat iedereen de komende tijd hard nodig zal hebben.
What does the United States Government really know about UFOs, and are there secrets about advanced technologies that are being kept from the general public? If so, are these technologies of our own design, or has there been an unnamed source–possibly otherworldly–which can account for their presence on Earth?
As the old saying goes, “there’s nothing new under the sun.” In keeping with this, many in UFO circles–in particular advocates of greater transparency on such issues in government–argue that the United States could possess more knowledge pertaining to the UFO subject than it lets on. Further, it is argued that politicians who have attempted to get to the bottom of the mystery in the past have been met with resistance by those in upper echelons of the so-called “Deep State.”
However, is there any truth to such claims?
Putting ideological attitudes toward this subject aside, there is some legitimacy to the idea. However, to understand the dynamics of the issue, it helps to look at a few notable examples, one of which comes to us as recently as last Friday, when something novel aired on History Channel’s long-running and popular program, Ancient Aliens. In a departure from its usual running list of characters, former Hillary Clinton campaign manager John Podesta made an appearance on the show, discussing his candidate’s long-time advocacy of greater transparency toward the UFO issue.
While much of the content featured on Ancient Aliens takes healthy liberties with what it presents as facts, it is true that Hillary Clinton has a history with the politics (or maybe exopolitics, as it were) of the UFO issue. This goes all the way back to when her husband became President-Elect, and the Arkansas couple were invited by Laurance Rockefeller to his ranch to discuss his interest in the subject; ultimately, this led to the establishment of the UFO Disclosure Initiative to the Clinton White House in 1993.
Also during the recent airing of Ancient Aliens, it was further noted that with the election of Donald Trump, a broader effort toward UFO disclosure was stifled in American politics. This also may be true to some extent (as we’ll see in a moment), although the program’s narration, as provided by other commentators appearing on the show, appeared to insinuate that there could have been something tantamount to a “conspiracy” that orchestrated the entire affair; in other words, that Clinton simply wasn’t allowed to claim the presidency, since doing so might result in the release of UFO secrets to the American public.
In truth, all of this is a new iteration of a long-running narrative which holds that elected officials seeking the truth about UFOs have been repeatedly barred from obtaining such knowledge. The concept has threads that run all the way back to the end of the Second World War, and the supposed acquisition of alien technologies by the U.S. government. Many U.S. Presidents, including Eisenhower, Truman, and others of the postwar era, are implicated in such theories, although with the election of John F. Kennedy, they take on a more sinister tone.
One such narrative, based on a memorandum sent to then-director of NASA James Webb, holds that Kennedy possessed knowledge about UFOs, and wished to have clear communications with the Soviet Union pertaining to what he called “the knowns and unknowns.” This document, while legitimate, seemingly makes reference to unidentified flying objects and Kennedy’s apprehension that the Soviets might mistake such objects for being U.S. technologies. A similar memorandum, dated just days before Kennedy’s assassination, details his request to the CIA that he be briefed on these alleged “unknowns.” Thus, many JFK assassination conspiracy theorists lump the UFO issue in with possible reasons for Kennedy’s death, despite no clear connections that can be made between the two.
While the UFO subject can at least be tangentially linked to nearly every U.S. President, other notable examples include Jimmy Carter’s request to then CIA Director George Herbert Walker Bush about UFO information, to which he responded that Carter, “didn’t have a need to know for that information.” Carter had previously observed a light in the sky that he couldn’t identify while serving as Governor of Georgia; similarly, President Ronald Reagan once observed an object he couldn’t identify while serving as Governor of California.
Returning to Hillary Clinton’s interest in UFOs, prior to the 2016 election, her views on the issue were widely publicized following an appearance on Jimmy Kimmel Live! where she discussed the issue of UAP, as she termed it at the time, and that she and her prospective administration hoped to get to the bottom of it. Also during the 2016 election season, with the release of a number of John Podesta’s private emails by Wikileaks, we learned that the longtime UFO advocate was apparently making allowances (despite the contentious election season) for meetings with other notable UFO advocates like Tom Delonge, in the months leading up to the launch of the former Blink 182 rocker’s To The Stars Academy.
Much of the discussion in the recent episode of Ancient Aliens seemed to rely on the presumption that Clinton, if elected, would have been more successful at releasing UFO data than predecessors that included her husband, former President Bill Clinton. By itself, her election would have been no guarantee that such information–if it exists–would have been revealed. On the other hand, based on her past statements in relation to UFOs, we do know that she would likely have been more proactive in this regard than our current commander in chief, who appears to show no interest in the subject.
Understandably, some might dispute the “if it exists” caveat given earlier, and so to clarify on this point, it is meant to reference prior investigations by researchers like John B. Alexander, Ph.D., who found little evidence of government interest in the UFO subject (see Alexander’s book UFOs: Myths, Conspiracies, and Realities for more on this). Granted, in light of more recent happenings, even Alexander’s well-reasoned assessment of government UFO interest seems in contrast somewhat with news like last December’s New York Times bombshell, which divulged a Pentagon UFO program; and one which, as researcher Paul Dean points out, seems to have at least a couple of different names.
Altogether, while it is certainly novel and noteworthy that someone of John Podesta’s prominence in U.S. politics would appear on a program like Ancient Aliens, it’s not entirely surprising, given his long history of involvement with the subject. However, to further assert that Clinton’s chances of winning the U.S. Presidency were somehow prevented on the basis of her UFO advocacy is a baseless claim; one which builds onto an existing narrative that involves UFO secrecy in the United States, comprised of a few obvious truths… and a lotof rumor and hearsay.
Aside from catastrophic climate change, deadly supervolcano eruptions, cataclysmic earthquakes, or any of the other ways the Earth is trying to kill us, the Earth’s magnetic field may someday be a source of disaster. Many doomsday predictions revolve around the hypothetical havoc a magnetic pole reversal could wreak, despite NASA’s assurances that we’ll all be fine. Based on geological evidence, scientists believe the Earth’s magnetic poles reverse around every 200,000 to 300,000 years, although it’s been over twice that long since the last reversal.
Will Santa Claus have to pack up shop and move south? Er, to the new north?
Scientists using new European Space Agency satellite swarms have detected that the Earth’s magnetosphere is on a weakening trend and unexplained magnetic anomalies are popping up around the world. Now, new data has revealed further anomalous activity in our planet’s magnetic field, and geologists don’t know exactly what’s going on. Could those doomsday predictions be on to something?
Geomagnetic anomalies have even been proposed as possible causes for recent mass animal deaths.
Probably not. As it turns out, some scientists actually think the poles aren’t due to reverse any time soon despite their geological tardiness. and the strange weakening events detected. The University of Liverpool’s Richard Holme recently published a study which argues that despite these recent anomalies, a reversal event may be unlikely when current data is compared with historical reversal events:
By studying the two most recent excursion events, we show that neither bear resemblance to current changes in the geomagnetic field and therefore it is probably unlikely that such an event is about to happen. Our research suggests instead that the current weakened field will recover without such an extreme event, and therefore is unlikely to reverse.
Instead, this research argues, the Earth might be experiencing what’s known as a “geomagnetic excursion” in which the magnetic field weakens and comes close to reversing before returning to its original structure. Still, that doesn’t mean there will be no ill effects of all this geomagnetic weirdness. More and more airliners have been grounded by unexplained in-flight illnesses lately, possibly demonstrating the effects of increased cosmic radiation penetrating the Earth’s weakened magnetic field. Could even worse side-effects be on the way?
In my previous article – titled “A Strange Tale of a Black-Eyed Boy” – I told the story of a man I spoke with just a couple of weeks ago who suspected that aliens might be infiltrating our society by trying to make themselves appear far more human-like than they would look normally. It’s an undeniably outrageous and over the top theory, but (you knew the “B word” was coming…) there are more than just a few such reports on-file. In the previous article, the witness – “Mike” – described the Black-Eyed Child he encountered in Wimberley, Texas just a few years ago as wearing a black wig and painted-on eyebrows. Mike suggested to me that if the very pale-looking boy (or whatever it was) removed the wig and got rid of the faked eyebrows, then he/it might have appeared very alien-like. Yep, I said it was controversial! While this case is the first one I have come across where a BEC is seen wearing a wig and painted-on eyebrows, there are somewhat similar cases involving the Men in Black and the Women in Black. In fact, there are many of them. Is Mike correct? Are we being infiltrated by strange and unearthly things? Let’s see.
In the latter part of October 23, 1971, the U.S. press reported: “A part-time housekeeper at President Nixon’s Key Biscayne retreat has testified she was put in a hypnotic daze by a stranger who told her to shoplift four dresses. Shirley Cromartie, 32, and a mother of three, pleaded no contest Thursday and was given a suspended sentence after law enforcement officers and a psychiatrist testified they believed she was telling the truth. Mrs. Cromartie holds a security clearance to work in the Florida White House, according to testimony. She said a woman met her in a parking lot and asked the time, then ordered her to take the items and bring them to her.
“Mrs. Cromartie testified she fell into a daze when the young woman released a jasmine-like scent from her left hand. ‘I just sort of lost my will … it was a terrifying experience,’ she testified. Mrs. Cromartie joined the Key Biscayne White House housekeeping staff about a year ago, according to FBI Agent Leo Mc Clairen. He testified her background was impeccable. Dr. Albert Jaslow, a psychiatrist, said he examined her and found she could be hypnotized ‘quickly and easily’ and believed she was telling the truth. ‘But it wasn’t the same when he hypnotized me,’ Mrs. Cromartie said. ‘I couldn’t remember anything afterwards. Whatever that young woman did to me, it was like being in a sleepwalk, only awake.'”
It turns out that the mysterious woman was dressed in black, wore what was clearly a wig and seemed to take control of Mrs. Cromartie’s mind. John Keel – of The Mothman Propheciesfame – suggested that Mrs. Cromartie’s wig-wearing Woman in Black was linked to the bogus, and sometimes wig-wearing, “government census takers” who plagued certain witnesses to the Mothman of Point Pleasant, West Virginia in the 1960s. Keel even went so far as to suggest that the wig-wearing woman put on “…not some small demonstration for the benefit of President Nixon.”
Karen Totten is an artist and sculptor. Her experience with a similar woman is told in Mac Tonnies’ book, The Cryptoterrestrials. Karen said: “[W]hen I was 17 I was working in a small convenience store, when a ‘woman’ came in to buy cigarettes. At first I didn’t pay any attention to her until I saw her hand (when she handed me the money) – it was not like a normal human hand. This startled me so I looked up and saw a very pale entity, wearing a thin black coat (like a rain coat) with collar turned up to cover her neck, a heavy long haired wig, and very large black glasses. This did not entirely hide her strange face: a very pointed chin, scant lip and nose. She did not speak. Took her cigarettes and left! I was kinda stunned. Oddly I cannot remember the details of her hand (though it was the first thing I noticed). Nor do I think she left in a car which was odd since most patrons drove up the store (it was somewhat isolated).“
Karen added: “…whether this entity is a ‘gray’ or a ‘hybrid’, I can only guess. I have never seen what is described as a classic gray alien. Perhaps ‘hybrid’ is most fitting simply because there seems to be some variety of attributes associated with this general category; i.e. that do not fit perfectly with the classic gray alien type (size of head being foremost). Some details that I do recall with some clarity: First, her skin: it was very pale, white with an almost bluish-gray tint to it, and of an unusually smooth texture. I have never seen anything like it before or since. I had previously seen an albino person; it was nothing like that; i.e., her skin was not UN-pigmented though there was an almost translucent quality to it.”
“A Hesitant Believer” is someone who had just such an encounter, too, and only a handful of years ago. He told me: “The woman, who was about 5’6, emaciated, and looked about mid-20s, wore a black evening gown with elbow-length satin gloves and had a clashing bright green knit shawl around her shoulders. She had a short bob haircut with bangs, though it really looked like a poorly cared-for wig. She had the same high forehead, cheekbones, and blue eyes as her partner, although her eyes were more narrow and slightly slanted. Neither one had eyebrows. As I started cleaning up behind the bar, the woman began clearing her throat impatiently, so I walked over to see what they wanted (I wanted them to get the hell out of my bar). That’s when I noticed the stench emanating from this woman. Not only did she smell like she hadn’t bathed in a month, she also smelled like chemicals. I used to apprentice as an embalmer, and I swear that woman smelled just like formalin.”
It’s intriguing to note that the MIB and the WIB encountered by “AHB” lacked eyebrows – just like Mike’s Black-Eyed Child. And, just like the boy, the woman seen by “AHB” wore a wig. Moving on…
In November 2014, I spoke with an elderly woman – Gloria – from Decatur, Texas. In an in-person interview with Gloria, she told me that after seeing a UFO over her home in the summer of 2012, she was visited by a Woman in Black. The visitor was a pale-faced, thin woman of about thirty, wearing a long black wig and dressed in a black jacket, a white blouse, and a flowing, black skirt. And then there were the huge sunglasses. Gloria felt deeply uncomfortable as, upon opening the door, the Woman in Black proceeded to warn her not to talk about the UFO she had encountered the previous day, due to the claim that “the government is concerned.”
There are more of these wig-wearing, sunglasses-wearing figures – and sometimes without eyebrows – than you might think. The cases above are just the tip of the iceberg. Are supernatural/alien entities infiltrating us? Are they doing their best to appear just like us, but clearly failing in the process? Infiltration or not, the fact is that such absolutely bizarre cases abound.
Twinkling UFO Caught On Camera Hovering In English Sky
Twinkling UFO Caught On Camera Hovering In English Sky
A video shows a pair of flickering balls of light hovering over Landbeach, a tiny village in eastern England. A man in Cambridgeshire, England recorded on video an apparent UFO floating in the night sky.
According to the witness report, he saw the two lights while going out for a cigarette before sleep at around 11 o’clock at night.
The witness stated that he saw one of the UFOs approximately 300 feet in the sky in white colour and the other one was hovering just above the tree line and orange in colour. The orange one hovered for around five minutes before it disappeared and the one in the video, hovered for approximately 15 minutes, which reportedly stayed there after the witness went back inside.
The man first thought the light was a twinkling star but changed his mind when it started making erratic movements. He stated that the light darted out slightly, went behind a tree, and came out again. The witness felt like it was staring at him.
He explained that looking for UFOs is not his thing. He admitted that he was quite spooked as he could not think of anything that would explain the strange light. He ruled out an aeroplane or a helicopter as possible explanations because he heard no engine sound. He also said that it could not have been a drone because it wasn’t looked like it.
‘STAR PEOPLE’ AND ‘FLYING SHIELDS’ ARE FAMILIAR NOTIONS INSIDE NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES
‘STAR PEOPLE’ AND ‘FLYING SHIELDS’ ARE FAMILIAR NOTIONS INSIDE NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES
Cultures with a deep understanding of the metaphysical planes of existence still recall a remote period in time when humans freely interacted with “people from the stars,” and it all happened on this planet we call our home.
Prior to the merciless conquest of the Americas by the rapacious Europeans, there were various cultures in these areas not sharing the beliefs of the colonialists, but instead possessing unique belief systems, as well as precious ancient knowledge.
Much of this information had been eradicated by the colonialists of that era, but several ideologies were fortunate enough to surpass the test of time and are now offering bewildering insight, since these ancient concepts are contradictory to the established Western paradigm.
Surviving tribes speak of the “Star People,” a term referring to various beings of otherworldly origins who at some point in time descended from the sky in order to share some of their wisdom with the early inhabitants of the Earth worthy of their “gifts” of knowledge.
These timeworn peoples had established contact with diverse species of advanced extraterrestrials, proof of this standing the multitude of myths depicting such encounters.
Although disconnected by millenary periods of time, former cultures of the Americas speak of flying objects and technology so advanced that it could have been confused with magic. The narratives of the Native American tribes are particularly luxuriant in details.
“My people tell of Star People who came to us many generations ago,” writes Richard Wagamese of the Wabaseemoong First People.
“The Star people brought spiritual teachings and stories and maps of the cosmos and they offered these freely. They were kind, loving and set a great example. When they left us, my people say there was a loneliness like no other.”
And he goes on saying that:
“If Star people did come to the Ojibway, where did they go? Where did they come from? Who brought teachings to them? What scientific magic did they own that allowed them to make such an incredible journey – and is it possible for us?”
Hopi Indians know they owe much of their cultural heritage to their ancestors who came from the Pleidaes, and much of their lifestyle seems analog to the depicted attitude of those aliens.
Does this prove their origins myths hold more truth than fiction? It could very well be the case.
Petroglyph at Legend Rock close to the Thermopolis, Wyoming
The Dakota people allude to the same star cluster as the place from where their ancestors had arrived.
Not far from them are the Cree, who believe that at some point in remote history, their founding fathers descended from the stars, just that in spirit form, and have later materialized into human beings.
Lakota natives speak of mystical celestial entities which developed energy shields around them whenever transcending into the material world. They were often seen as luminous orbs of light and would sometimes adopt gifted children to journey with them across the cosmos.
This entire concept of alien visitors is not at all new or unknown to the Native Americans, but they perceive this topic from a more spiritual point of view than us Westerners.
Author of Plains Cree, Stephane Wuttunee explains this more thoroughly in a UFO digest article:
“[My people] give far greater attention to the seeking of the spiritual understanding of things rather than going after ‘the truth’ as people from dominant cultures do. This is part of the reason why we tend to stand back and view or listen at first, rather than bare in with questions or take the hard, direct approach.”
The tightness of Wuttunee’s community allowed him to lend an ear to the stories of his elders which comprised information that had been passed down one generation after another.
The stories often reminded of “distant relations and Star People living among the stars” that had established contact with his tribe.
“Far from being anything to be feared, Star People was just another term i grew up around,” acknowledged Wuttunee in his paper.
“I remember listening in awe and fascination at the thought of us having relations that lived off and outside our world, and sometimes spoke to them in my silent moments at night. I wanted to know who they were and what they looked like, if they had families like us and so on.”
“It wasn’t until my later teens that I discovered that people from the dominant culture were talking about the same ‘people’ as my elders did, though each sides’s sense of perception of these people seemed radically different from one another.”
So, could Wuttunee’s words be the product of our modern-day understanding of extraterrestrials combined with the imaginative nature of his elderly’s tales?
It could be, but the fact that Native Americans have been talking about “flying shields” since forever speaks in favor of another reality.
Hopi petroglyphs displaying Star People and their “flying shields” hovering above their heads
Before the UFO phenomenon became a widespread media phenomenon, an Oglala Sioux mystic known as Black Elk (1863/1950) who had cruised along Buffalo Bill during his Wild West Show, depicted one of his UFO encounters, proving that such meetings were not just some isolated event, but they were instead embedded into the lives and culture of Native Americans.
“So, when I went to vision quest, that disk came from above. The scientists call that an unidentified flying object, but that’s a joke, see? Because they are not trained, they lost contact with the wisdom, power and gift.”
“So that disk landed on top of me. It was concave, and there was another on top of that. It was silent, but it lit and luminesced like neon lights…Then these little people came, but each little group spoke a different language.
“They could read minds, and I could read their minds. I could read them. So there wa silent communication. You could read it, like when you read silent symbols in a book. So we were able to communicate…They are human, so I welcomed them. I said, ‘Welcome, Welcome…”
There’s no denial that all Native American tribes maintain a vigorous bound with Mother Earth. They refer to themselves as the “original caretakers” of the Earth and condemn the Western path towards inevitable destruction.
According to them, the bond between this planet and her children has been severely disrupted, and this uprooting phenomenon humans are experiencing right now is the exact reason why it has become so hard to maintain connection with the Star People.
At the same time they offer a key to unlock this ancient and sacred union between the ETs and ourselves.
It comes in the form of a global awakening, a shift in consciousness that would make us once again worthy of reaching out (or being reached) by these advanced beings.
This may sound appealing and somehow realistic in the future, but I’m afraid that all Earth’s creatures are in the same boat, and the powers that be have all the necessary means to blow an irreparable hole through the deck, serving us all a one-way-ticket to the blackness of space.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
UNDER-OCEAN MILITARY BASES: THERE IS MORE THAN JUST ONE AREA 51… SEE FOR YOURSELF
UNDER-OCEAN MILITARY BASES: THERE IS MORE THAN JUST ONE AREA 51… SEE FOR YOURSELF
“It is ironic that the U.S. would begin a devastating war, allegedly in search of weapons of mass destruction, when the most worrisome developments in this field are occurring in your own backyard. It is ironic that the U.S. should be fighting monstrously expensive wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, allegedly to bring democracy to those countries, when it itself can no longer claim to be called a democracy, when trillions, and I mean thousands of billions of dollars have been spent on projects about which both the Congress and the Commander in Chief have been kept deliberately in the dark.”
It was only three years ago (2013) that the Central Intelligence Agency finally admitted to the existence of Area 51. Although it didn’t ‘officially’ exist before the CIA made this admission, it was pretty clear that something secretive was going on in the Nevada desert. That secretive something would be the testing of secret aircraft and technology that the public has absolutely no idea about. Take for example the U.S. air strike against Libya in 1996. An f-111 jet was used, which had been operational since 1983, but its existence was still kept secret for a number of years after.
These programs are referred to as Special Access Programs (SAP), and they are funded from what’s known as the ‘Black Budget.‘ From these we have unacknowledged and waived SAPs. These programs do not exist publicly, but they do indeed exist. They are better known as ‘deep black programs.’ A 1997 US Senate report described them as “so sensitive that they are exempt from standard reporting requirements to the Congress.”
It’s also important to mention that the United States has a history of government agencies existing in secret. The National Security Agency (NSA) was founded in 1952 but its existence was hidden until the mid 1960’s. Even more secretive is the National Reconnaissance Office, which was founded in 1960 but remained completely concealed for 30 years.
Under-Ocean & In Bottom Military Bases
Research into and discussions of under-ocean and in-bottom military bases began decades ago. For example, in 1968 the Stanford Research Institute discussed the construction of dozens of undersea bases. The study was titled “Feasibility of Manned In-Botton Bases.” It’s important to show you the abstract here, because it clearly reveals what the military-industrial complex was considering, and what they could do within their technological reach at the time — more than four decades ago.
*I obtained this abstract from the source listed below, if you would like to see it yourself, you can find it HERE.
Abstract:
The construction of thirty manned in-bottom bases within the ocean floors is technically and economically feasible. However, it will be necessary to establish some successive types of experimental facilities before a full construction program can be started. This could take 15 years. The major technology for a land-linked station in-bottom is established now; only adaptations are needed. The remaining experimental phases will require further development of equipment and techniques applicable to remote sea access. There are useful assignments for a succession of three experimental stations other than advancing in-bottom construction techniques. Science and engineering concerned with the oceans and their resources will be furthered and military tests of undersea base functions complimenting deeper operations can be accomplished. The costs of the experimental phase, called here a demonstration program, can be surprisingly modest: approximately one half-billion dollars, spent over 15 years.
A distinction between in-bottom bases and on-bottom facilities is made in the numbers of men enclosed. and the depth of water, wherein areas of one-atmosphere space can be created in-bottom, and on-bottom facilities is made in the numbers of men enclosed and the depth of water, wherein areas of one atmosphere space can be created in-bottom at such low costs the ingress system can be amortized if the space required is reasonably large. Economics thus can dictate choice between the two types; even so, some on-bottom facilities will be needed to aid the construction of remote in-bottom facilities.
Presently, establishing an in-bottom facility and building upon this will present fewer technical difficulties that do the submersibles which would support it and use it. Subsequent to the completion of the third phase of a demonstration program, which would be a remote, deep water station, and the evaluation of it, a multiple base program, could be implemented. The cost of such a base program would be about $2.7 billion for construction of a number of bases (assumed at 30).
So, do these bases exist today without question? I think they do, just like Area 51 existed without question.
In 1987 Deputy Director of Engineering and Construction for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Lloyd A. Duscha, gave a speech at an engineering conference titled “Underground Facilities for Defense – Experience and Lessons.” In the first paragraph of his speech he states the following:
After World War II, political and economic factors changed the underground construction picture and caused a renewed interest to “think underground.” As a result of this interest, the Corps of Engineers became involved in the design and construction of some very complex and interesting military projects. Although the conference program indicates the topic to be “Underground Facilities for Defense – Experience and Lessons,” I must deviate a little because several of the most interesting facilities that have been designed and constructed by the Corps are classified. (Lloyd A. Duscha, “Underground Facilities for Defense – Experience and Lessons,” in Tunneling and Underground Transport: Future Developments in Technology. Economics and Policy, ed. F.P. Davidson (New York: Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc., 1987, pp. 109-113.)
He then went into a discussion of the Corps’ involvement in the 1960’s in the construction of the large and elaborate NORAD base buried deep beneath Cheyenne Mountain in Colorado. This is just a public statement, but you will not find a more significant public admission of secret, underground bases than this one. Such speeches are not the only evidence available, however. There also exist documents obtained by researchers through the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) that shed more light on the subject, and clearly outline plans for the contraction of underground facilities.
Another great example of in-bottom bases deep underneath the ocean floor comes from William B. McLean, who was the inventor of the Sidewinder air-to-air missile and former Technical Director of the China Lake Naval Naval Ordnance Test Center (NOTS). He was also the Technical Director of the U.S. Naval Undersea Warfare Center in San Diego. McLean made some comments to John Newbauer, who at the time was the Editor-in-Chief of Astronautics and Aeronautics, stating that these plants and projects were already in development. (“A Bedrock View of Ocean Engineering,” Interview of William B. Mclean by A/A Editor-in-Chief John Newbauer, Astronautics and Aeronautics (April 1969): 30-36.)
This was in 1969, but keep in mind that the abstract above is from 1968, meaning that these constructions could have been under development before, or shortly after this publication.
What Do These Facilities Look Like?
Walter Koerschner, who was an illustrator for the United States Navy’s Rock-site team during the 1960’s, contacted Richard Sauder, Ph.D, who has researched this topic extensively. This was at the time when the Navy had plans for technically complex and very large buried manned bases beneath the ocean floor.
His background is verified, documents like this, or a simple google search of Waters name along side “US Navy” or “US Navy Illustrator” would suffice.
He contacted Dr. Sauder to provide him with some of the original illustrations he had done for this project, and they are very telling. Dr. Sauder, in his book Hidden In Plain Sight,provides these illustrations and goes into detailing regarding the science and engineering behind these projects. It is quite fascinating and I recommend you check him out if you are interested in learning more.
Here is an excerpt and picture from the book:
This ‘racetrack’ facility – also called the ‘Nautilus Concept’ – that can dock three submarines at a time, with an adjoining sister facility that also can handle multiple submarines. The picture is virtually self-explanatory. Large submarines are hundreds of feet long, so the dimensions of a facility such as shown here would have to be very large. The central docking area might be more than a thousand feet long and easily more than a hundred feet in diameter. The living quarters would obviously have to accommodate hundreds of crew members in some degree of creature comfort.
The book has many other illustrations from Koerschner, but unfortunately I cannot seem to find any more online.
It Doesn’t End With Area 51
There are also known underground facilities in existence. Take for example the Swedish underground military facility at Musko. It’s a large naval base built underneath a mountain. The hospital alone within this facility holds over 1,000 beds. Musko engineers blasted out 1,500,000 cubic meters of stone in order to build it
The world’s most prominent researcher on Underground Military Facilities (in my opinion), Richard Sauder, Ph.D, told of an interesting story in his book Hidden In Plain Sight that I’d like to share with you:
As it happens, after giving a public talk a couple of years ago, I was approached by a man who had been a uniformed member of the United States Navy. We chatted for a while and when he mentioned that he had spent some time at China Lake my ears perked up. I asked him if there was an underground facility at China Lake. He said that indeed there is, and that it is impressively large and deep. I asked him if he had ever been in it, and he said that he had, though not to the deepest levels. I asked him how deep the deepest part extended. He looked at me soberly and said very quietly, “It goes one mile deep.” I then asked him what the underground base contains. He replied, ‘Weapons.’ I responded, “What sort of weaponry?” And he answered without pausing, “Weapons more powerful than nuclear weapons.”
There are documents available which expose a deep underground command center that was to be built far below regions such as Washington, D.C. and China Lake, California during the Cold War. Documents show that in 1964 the military was considering building a huge underground cavity 4,000 feet deep beneath China Lake, and it’s well known that the United States and the Soviet Union created a vast infrastructure to support a complex of offensive and defensive weapons during the Cold War. This infrastructure included sites and facilities for developing, testing, storing, and manufacturing weapons. There was also a host of communication and command centres.
The very first TOP SECRET memo on the subject was issued by Robert McNamara on November 7th, 1963 from the office of the Secretary of Defense. A second memo was issued on the same day concerning a proposed Deep Underground National Command Center that would be approximately 3,500 feet beneath Washington. The memo also mentioned elevator shafts below the State Department and White House that would descend to 3,500 feet, with high speed, horizontal tunnel transport to the main facility. And this was way back in the 60’s. Imagine what technological feats we are capable of now.
A World Of Transparency is required if our race is to evolve out of our infancy. Maybe one day, everything will come to light.
An object falls straight to the ground over somerset during a heavy thunder storm April 24th just gone, this even happened only a few miles from where i live and i even experienced this heavy event with my own eyes, I've also added a clip at the end of this video which shows a bolt of lightning striking a house only 20 feet from where i was filming.
Check out more recent UFO sightings and bizarre videos @ www.youtube.com/...
It resembles a fingerprint, doesn’t it? But it’s really a galaxy, rotating. This image is from ESA’s Gaia space observatory. It shows the rotation of the Large Magellanic Cloud.
Last week, ESA’s Gaia mission released a much-awaited second batch of data, providing information on a phenomenal 1.7 billion stars in our Milky Way, which would make it the richest star catalog to date. The data also include information about stars beyond our own Milky Way galaxy. One example is illustrated in the image above, which focuses on one of the nearest galaxies to our Milky Way, the Large Magellanic Cloud, or LMC. This small galaxy, visible from Earth’s Southern Hemisphere, is considered a satellite galaxy to our Milky Way.
Gaia’s job is what’s called astrometry; that is, the space observatory scans the sky repeatedly, observing each of its targeted stars multiple times (ESA said an average of 70 times) over its five-year mission.
In this way, Gaia is gathering data about how stars move in our galaxy and nearby galaxies like the Large Magellanic Cloud. The image above combines the total density of stars detected by Gaia in the LMC. The information reveals the proper motion of stars – their velocities across our sky – which is represented as the texture of the image, and which gives it a fingerprint-like appearance. ESA said:
Measuring the proper motion of several million stars in the LMC, astronomers were able to see an imprint of the stars rotating clockwise around the center of the galaxy. The impression of motion is evoked by the swirling nature of the line texture.
Bottom line:Image from the ESA’s Gaia mission of the rotation of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) looks like a giant fingerprint in space.
“I have never been a fan of the multiverse. If the scale of different universes in the multiverse is large or infinite the theory can’t be tested.”
Stephen Hawking said of his study: “We are not down to a single, unique universe, but our findings imply a significant reduction of the multiverse, to a much smaller range of possible universes.”
Does Stephen Hawking’s last study – published May 2, 2018, in the peer-reviewedJournal of High Energy Physics – prove or disprove the existence of parallel worlds? No. It’s a theory, one of many ideas in modern cosmology, many of which lead to the multiverse concept, the idea that our universe of stars and galaxies is just one of many possible separate universes. Some physicists told media sources that Hawking’s final paper did:
… set out the groundbreaking mathematics needed for a spacecraft to find traces of multiple Big Bangs.
The paper makes no statements about observational tests. It’s … one of literally several thousand ideas for what might possibly have happened in the early universe.
In fact, the study has been commented on extensively, since it first appeared online in July 2017, in the preprint journal arXiv. Hawking and Thomas Hertog, a former student and frequent collaborator at Belgium’s Catholic University Leuven, posted an updated version of the study on arXiv on March 4, 2018, just 10 days before Hawking’s death on March 14 in Cambridge, England.
The study centers on the decades-long conflict between Albert Einstein’s general relativity theory (nature at very large scales, for example, how gravity works), and quantum mechanics (nature at very small scales; for example, the attempt to understand subatomic particles). The video below, posted to Vimeo just three days ago, features Thomas Hertog explaining more:
Hawking and Hertog’s latest study deals specifically with a subset of Big Bang theory, called eternal inflation. Most modern Big Bang theories incorporate the idea of an inflation, which calls for an exponential expansion of space in the universe’s first fraction of a second. Eternal inflation suggests that some pockets of space keep expanding exponentially forever, while some (like the one we inhabit) don’t.
If this theory is an accurate description of the cosmos, then we live in a multiverse consisting of many isolated bubble universes.
If it’s true, then our entire known cosmos of galaxies and stars exists inside a sort of bubble, but many other bubbles – forever unknowable – exist outside ours. Some might have laws of physics similar to (or even the same as) ours. Some would operate very differently. The University of Cambridge issued a statement about Hawking’s final study this week. It explained:
The observable part of our universe would then be just a hospitable pocket universe, a region in which inflation has ended and stars and galaxies formed.
Hawking said in one of his last interviews:
The usual theory of eternal inflation predicts that globally our universe is like an infinite fractal, with a mosaic of different pocket universes, separated by an inflating ocean. The local laws of physics and chemistry can differ from one pocket universe to another, which together would form a multiverse.
But I have never been a fan of the multiverse. If the scale of different universes in the multiverse is large or infinite the theory can’t be tested.
And indeed, in their new study, Hawking and Hertog say this account of eternal inflation as a theory of the Big Bang is wrong. Hertog said:
We predict that our universe, on the largest scales, is reasonably smooth and globally finite. So it is not a fractal structure.
Hawking in the 1960s with his first wife Jane. He said: “My goal is simple. It is a complete understanding of the universe, why it is as it is and why it exists at all.”
Cambridge’s statement explained more and showed how Hawking and Hertog’s study incorporated some of the most far-out physics of our time:
The theory of eternal inflation that Hawking and Hertog put forward is based on string theory: a branch of theoretical physics that attempts to reconcile gravity and general relativity with quantum physics, in part by describing the fundamental constituents of the universe as tiny vibrating strings. Their approach uses the string theory concept of holography, which postulates that the universe is a large and complex hologram: physical reality in certain 3D spaces can be mathematically reduced to 2D projections on a surface.
Hawking and Hertog developed a variation of this concept of holography to project out the time dimension in eternal inflation. This enabled them to describe eternal inflation without having to rely on Einstein’s theory.
Hertog said:
When we trace the evolution of our universe backwards in time, at some point we arrive at the threshold of eternal inflation, where our familiar notion of time ceases to have any meaning.
The new study harks back to Hawking’s earlier no boundary theory, which predicted that – if you go back in time to the beginning of the universe – the universe shrinks and closes off like a sphere. The new study is a step away from the earlier work, Hertog explained, and he said:
Now we’re saying that there is a boundary in our past.
In the film below, Stephen Hawking, James Hartle and Thomas Hertog explain their model of the early universe – The No Boundary Proposal – a model of the Big Bang that included quantum effects. These scientists say it explains some of the deepest mysteries of the cosmos such as, is there a multiverse? How is there an arrow of time? What really happened during the Big Bang?
Bottom line: Stephen Hawking’s last study was published May 2, 2018, in the peer-reviewedJournal of High Energy Physics.
An Astronomer Believes He Spotted Three UFO’s Flying Between Earth And The Moon
An Astronomer Believes He Spotted Three UFO’s Flying Between Earth And The Moon
An Astronomer Believes He Spotted Three UFO’s Flying Between Earth And The Moon
YouTube has become widely known for featuring countless UFO videos. There are so many videos on YouTube that it’s hard to keep track of them all.
Some of them are hoaxed content created by ‘Video Publishers’ just for revenue, while other videos (much fewer) actually approach the UFO phenomenon from a more scientific point of view.
Now, an amateur astronomer has turned towards YouTube’s online community to try and make sense of three mysterious objects he spotted while observing the Moon from Earth.
The person in charge of uploading the ‘controversial footage’ to YouTube was an amateur astronomer who has a channel called Don’t Stop Motion, who argue he is unsure whether the objects he spotted with his telescope were helium balloons or space junk that he managed to film just as he was exploring Earth’s natural satellite.
Unlike many other videos uploaded to the video-sharing network, the author of this video is just as confused as we are.
“So, I was filming the Half moon on Sunday and caught something weird passing in front of it. At 1:18 in, 3 objects cross the moon. I THINK it’s some helium balloons someone must’ve released, but can’t confirm. Anyways, enjoy. Let me know what you think.”
Although he considers that they could have been helium balloons, he has no evidence to support this information.
Obviously, after watching the video footage all sorts of theories have been proposed.
It could have been space junk.
He may have filmed helium balloons.
But also, as some commentators argue, the amateur astronomer may have filmed a crystal-clear video of three disc-shaped UFO’s flying between our planet and the moon.
“They move too fast to be balloons. They have the same speed and the same direction, “say some of the commentators who lay into the UFO explanation.
One of the best comments the video made fun of Musk’s Tesla Roadster traveling the solar system: “3 tires fell off Tesla’s roadster”
If you have not seen the footage yet, I invite you to see the clip we shared here below so that you can judge for yourself and tell us what you think the mysterious objects may have been.
Maybe after all, and as many people have claimed, there is without a doubt a great UFO presence on Earth.
NASA to Discuss Demonstration of New Space Exploration Power System
NASA to Discuss Demonstration of New Space Exploration PowerSystem
Marc Gibson, Kilopower lead engineer, and Jim Sanzi, Vantage Partners, install hardware on the Kilopower assembly at the Nevada National Security Site in March 2018
Credits: NNSS
Media are invited to attend a news conference at NASA’s Glenn Research Center in Cleveland at 9:15 a.m. EDT Wednesday, May 2, to discuss a recent experiment to demonstrate a new nuclear reactor power system designed for space.
News conference audio and presentation slides will stream live on NASA’s website.
Kilopower could provide safe, efficient and plentiful energy for future robotic and human space exploration missions to the Moon, Mars and destinations beyond. The experiment was conducted November 2017 through March 2018 at the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS).
News conference participants include:
James Reuter, acting associate administrator of NASA’s Space Technology Mission Directorate
Janet Kavandi, Glenn center director
Patrick Cahalane, principal deputy associate administrator for Safety, Infrastructure and Operations at the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Marc Gibson, Kilopower lead engineer at Glenn
Dave Poston, chief reactor designer at NNSA’s Los Alamos National Laboratory
Following the news conference, media will have the opportunity to tour the following facilities at Glenn:
Stirling Research Lab, where early Kilopower-related tests were conducted
Electric Propulsion Lab, used to test high-power solar electric propulsion that will be used to develop the power and propulsion element of NASA’s lunar outpost
Simulated Lunar Operations Lab, where NASA develops planetary rover tires and tools for in-situ resource utilization, a process for generating water, oxygen, and other products using space-based resources
Media interested in participating in the event, in person or by phone, must send their name, media affiliation and phone number to Jan Wittry at jan.m.wittry-1@nasa.gov no later than noon Tuesday, May 1.
Media and the public also can ask questions during the briefing on social media using #AskNASA.
Supporting images and video will be available online at:
The Kilopower project is part of NASA’s Game Changing Development program and is led by Glenn, in partnership with NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NNSS and Y-12 National Security Complex.
A sealed lake is an ideal place to look for clues about extraterrestrial life — and researchers have just identified a few more.
Small valley glacier exiting the Devon Island Ice Cap in Canada. The Devon Ice Cap appears to be the only holder of salty subglacial lakes (as far as we know).
Image credits: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
Life on other planets might not be located the most obvious of places. While researchers used to think that Earth-like planets such as Mars or Venus were capable of holding life, modern research has shown that places like Europa or Enceladus are much more likely to be hospitable (Europa and Enceladus are two frozen moons of Jupiter and Saturn respectively). However, astronomers have evidence that beneath the frozen surface lies a vast ocean of liquid where life may very well thrive. Researchers want to explore this avenue before actually landing a shuttle on the surface of these moons (which may take a very long time) and the best way to do that is by studying subglacial lakes.
Subglacial lakes are bodies of water perfectly sealed under a glacier — typically an ice cap or ice sheet. There are 400 known subglacial lakes in the world, most of which can be found in Antarctica, with Lake Vostok being probably the most well known. Since they’re sealed off from the rest of the world, life can develop and adapt independently — this essentially means that subglacial lakes are potentially unique microbial habitats which can provide information about how life might have developed on places like Europa. Now, lead author Anja Rutishauser, a Ph.D. student at the University of Alberta, has found the first subglacial lakes in the Canadian High Arctic.
“If there is microbial life in these lakes, it has likely been under the ice for at least 120,000 years, so it likely evolved in isolation,” Rutishauser said. “If we can collect a sample of the water, we may determine whether microbial life exists, how it evolved, and how it continues to live in this cold environment with no connection to the atmosphere.”
An artist’s cross-section of Lake Vostok, the largest known subglacial lake in Antarctica. Importantly, the lake is sealed by kilometers of ice.
Image credits: Nicolle Rager-Fuller / NSF.
What makes these newly discovered lakes extra special is that they seem to contain very salty water — all other subglacial lakes we know of are thought to contain freshwater, or only mildly saline water. All subglacial lakes are good analogs for life beyond Earth, but the hypersaline nature of these newly discovered lakes makes them particularly tantalizing analogs for ice-covered moons in our solar system, according to the researchers. There is strong evidence that Jupiter’s icy moon Europa contains hypersaline water.
The lake was discovered using remote sensing, which is promising, especially considering that NASA’s Europa Clipper mission, which is set to launch sometime in the 2020s and take samples from Europa, will use similar remote sensing techniques. An analysis of the radar data shows that the lakes are located 550 to 750 meters beneath the Devon Ice Cap, one of the largest ice caps in the Canadian Arctic. They’ve not had contact with the outside world for tens of thousands of years.
“If there is microbial life in these lakes, it has likely been under the ice for at least 120,000 years, so it likely evolved in isolation,” Rutishauser said. “If we can collect a sample of the water, we may determine whether microbial life exists, how it evolved, and how it continues to live in this cold environment with no connection to the atmosphere.”
Now, researchers would like to sample this environment, which is probably more complicated than you’d expect. It’s not just drilling through hundreds of meters (or perhaps even kilometers) of ice that’s problematic: there’s also the matter of contamination — if a unique microbial environment does exist, the last thing you’d want to do is contaminate it.
Journal Reference: Anja Rutishause et al. Discovery of a hypersaline subglacial lake complex beneath Devon Ice Cap, Canadian Arctic. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aar4353
Underwater robots have recently made a discomforting discovery: the Gulf of Oman harbors a “dead zone” nearly the size of Florida.
Dead zones are often caused by the decay of algae during algal blooms, like this one off the coast of La Jolla, San Diego, California.
Image and caption credits: Alejandro Díaz / Wikimedia.
Remote-controlled submarines — sent forth by researchers from the University of East Anglia — have identified the world’s largest dead zone. This mass of water, spanning a chilling 63,700-square-mile (roughly 165.000 km²) area in the Gulf of Oman, is nearly devoid of oxygen. That’s an area comparable to the surface of Florida (170,305 km²), and over two times larger than Scotland (80,077 km²).
Although the technical term for such a place is an “oxygen minimum area”, their colloquial name of “dead zones” is quite apt. Marine flora and fauna are completely dependent on oxygen dissolved in the water for their survival. The absence of this element also alters the local nitrogen cycle, causing nitrous oxide emissions — which is a greenhouse gas 300 times more powerful than carbon dioxide.
Dead zones are generally the product of climate change-induced ecological shifts and/or chemical run-off from land — for example, from sewage or chemical fertilizers. One particularly worrying prospect is that as climate change makes ocean water warmer, it will be less able to hold oxygen — meaning more frequent and more intense dead zones.
“Our research shows that the situation is actually worse than feared – and that the area of dead zone is vast and growing,” said Dr Bastien Queste, who led the research. “The ocean is suffocating.”
Dead zones are “a disaster waiting to happen,” he adds.
The Gulf of Oman.
Image via Google Earth.
The Gulf of Oman dead zone sits between a depth of 200 and 800 meters. The team report that it is made up of entirely anoxic or suboxic conditions — meaning there’s no oxygen or very low oxygen present, respectively.
Computer simulations, based on data the team recovered on site, revealed that the dead zone has increased both in size and severity since the 1990s and is still growing, the team reports. Unless addressed it could have drastic consequences for life both in and out of the sea.
“Another interesting question is now that the Gulf of Oman is clearly consuming oxygen faster than it is replenished, how much of that is exported to the Arabian Sea and making the wider Arabian Sea OMZ extend and grow even more?” Queste asks.
The next step for the team is to figure out whether this is due to the overall supply of oxygen decreasing, or an increased consumption of oxygen in the region.
The “Seaglider” robots that made the discovery possible are roughly the size of a person, but can spend several months at depths of 1,000 meters. In an article recently published in Geophysical Research Letters, the researchers note that access to these waters had previously been limited by “piracy and geopolitical tensions.”
The paper “Physical controls on oxygen distribution and denitrification potential in the north west Arabian Sea” has been published in the journal Geophysical Review Letters.
The ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter entered the Martian atmosphere in October 2016. Almost two years later, it’s finally maneuvered itself into a position to begin its two mission directives: Sniff out Mars’ atmosphere for some gnarly fart clouds and take some dope space pics.
The spacecraft achieved a nearly circular orbit, roughly 249 miles (400 kilometers) above the red planet’s surface, the perfect altitude to begin probing the planet’s atmosphere for signs of methane, the same gas humans release after one too many tacos. But before it starts probing for stinky gas, scientists at the European Space Agency and Roscosmos tested out the orbiter’s Color Stereo Surface Imaging System (CaSSIS). The result was an absolutely stunning panoramic shot of a 25 mile (40 kilometers) segment of the Korolev Crater located high in the planet’s icy northern hemisphere. The image was created by merging three images of different colors taken on April 15.
The ExoMars Color and Stereo Surface Imaging System, CaSSIS, captured this view of the rim of Korolev crater on 15 April 2018. The image is a composite of three images in different colors that were taken almost simultaneously.
“We were really pleased to see how good this picture was given the lighting conditions,” Antoine Pommerol, a member of the CaSSIS science team working on the calibration of the data, says in a statement. “It shows that CaSSIS can make a major contribution to studies of the carbon dioxide and water cycles on Mars.”
Aside from this sweet space camera, ExoMars has a spectrometer onboard that it will use to scan the molecules in the Martian atmosphere. Distinct gases absorb sunlight differently, this provides the orbiter with a unique fingerprint for each of the chemicals in encounters. It’s going to be specifically looking for evidence of methane and carbon dioxide, which could be signs of active geological or biological activity taking place on Mars.
The orbiter will be able to quickly beam data from the images it takes and gases it detects back to scientists on Earth. From there they will try to characterize features on the surface that may be related to traces of certain chemicals in the atmosphere.
This ExoMars mission is expected to last roughly five more years. So get ready for some more eye-popping images of the red planet — this orbiter is just getting started.
REUTERSDe paper 'A smooth exit from eternal inflation?' trekt het idee van een divers multiversum in twijfel.
WETENSCHAP & PLANEET Natuurkundige Stephen Hawking heeft vlak voor zijn overlijden nog een wetenschappelijk artikel geschreven. Dat is nu postuum gepubliceerd in het blad Journal of High Energy Physics.
Hawking - die op 14 maart op 76-jarige leeftijd overleed - schreef het artikel samen met de Belgische natuurkundige Thomas Hertog, hoogleraar aan de Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. Zij opperen dat het heelal eindig is en veel eenvoudiger dan tot nu toe wordt gedacht. De theorie was vorig jaar voor het eerst gedeeld met de wereld. Hawking en zijn pupil Hertog hebben het daarna uitgewerkt. Omdat het om een theorie gaat, moet het onomstotelijke bewijs nog worden geleverd.
Het heelal ontstond bijna 14 miljard jaar geleden met de oerknal. De grote vraag is wat er sindsdien precies gebeurde. Er zijn allemaal natuurwetten gevonden en algemeen aanvaarde theorieën uitgewerkt, maar natuurkundigen zoeken nog naar de grote theorie daarachter, de basis van alles, een verklaring voor zowel het heel grote (het heelal) als het heel kleine (minieme deeltjes). Een van de theorieën is dat het universum eigenlijk bestaat uit een oneindige verzameling mini-heelalletjes. Dat wordt een multiversum genoemd. Het ene universum bevat sterren en herbergt leven, anderen zijn dan weer zo goed als leeg. Wij zouden in één van die heelalletjes wonen. Het probleem is dat het aantal mogelijke natuurwetten dan misschien ook oneindig is.
Die theorie klopt niet, zeggen Hawking en Hertog. Ze schrijven: “Wij stellen dat het universum redelijk gelijkmatig en ook eindig is.” Dat betekent niet dat er “een enkel, uniek universum is, maar wij suggereren wel dat het aantal mogelijke heelallen veel kleiner is.” Wat er buiten hun eindige heelal te vinden is, laten ze in het midden.
Testen
Het probleem is volgens Hertog dat de gangbare theorie niet voorspelt in wat voor heelal wij ons zouden moeten bevinden en dus ook niet degelijk kan getest worden. “De grote uitdaging voor de moderne kosmologie is om dit multiversum een rigide wiskundige basis te geven en te kneden tot een wetenschappelijke theorie die kan getest worden. Onze publicatie is een stap in die richting”, aldus Hertog. “In onze theorie wordt het enorme multiversum gereduceerd tot een veel meer hanteerbaar en kleiner scala aan mogelijke universums.”
“Ons model is gebaseerd op holografie”, legt hij verder uit. “Een nieuw concept binnen de snaartheorie die de algemene relativiteitstheorie tracht te verzoenen met kwantumfysica. Holografie stelt ons in staat om de tijdsdimensie te projecteren en we hebben dit toegepast op alles wat er volgens de gangbare theorie ‘voor’ de oerknal gebeurde”, aldus Hertog. Het resultaat is dat het scala van mogelijke universums veel beperkter is en het idee van uiteenlopende vormen van universum verdween.
Wat nu?
Hertog gaat op zoek naar manieren om de nieuwe theorie te testen. “Ik ben van plan om meer in detail te bestuderen wat deze vertelt over eigenschappen van ons universum die binnen het bereik van onze ruimtetelescopen liggen. Ik vermoed bijvoorbeeld dat de oerknal gepaard gaat met zwaartekrachtgolven die via de inflatietheorie (die zegt dat het universum in de eerste fase van zijn evolutie aan een steeds hoger tempo uitdijt) een invloed hebben op patronen van kosmische achtergrondstraling. Als we die invloed kunnen vaststellen zitten we wellicht op het juiste spoor”, aldus de Leuvense onderzoeker.
CERNThomas Hertog samen met Stephen Hawking.
Hawking was een van de beroemdste wetenschappers van de afgelopen decennia. Hij leed sinds zijn studententijd aan ALS, een dodelijke en ongeneeslijke ziekte aan de zenuwen die spieren aansturen. De meeste patiënten hebben na de diagnose hooguit nog een paar jaar te leven. Hawking leefde meer dan vijftig jaar met de ziekte. Hij was aan een rolstoel gekluisterd en kon alleen praten via een computer. Hawking koos de woorden met een wangspier en de computer sprak die uit met een kenmerkende robotachtige stem.
WETENSCHAP & PLANEETAlle eerder dit jaar aangekondigde doemscenario’s ten spijt ziet het niet naar uit dat de magnetische polen van onze Aarde snel zullen omkeren. Dat is de conclusie van een nieuwe internationale studie die deze week gepubliceerd werd in het gerenommeerde wetenschappelijke tijdschrift Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
Het nieuws was er begin dit jaar nochtans niet naast. Volgens het onafhankelijke wetenschappelijke tijdschrift Undark was het magnetisch veld van de Aarde de afgelopen 200 jaar met zo’n 15 procent afgezwakt en zat er een omkeer van de polen aan te komen. Het meest concrete gevolg zou zijn dat kompassen het noorden daardoor op Antarctica zouden situeren en het zuiden ergens in Canada. En dat zou nog gevolgen hebben, onder meer voor dieren die gebruik maken van het magnetisch veld van de Aarde om zich te oriënteren, zoals sommige vogels en vissen.
En dat was nog niet alles, volgens sommige experts. Ook de bescherming die het magnetisch veld ons biedt tegen schadelijke zonne- en kosmische straling zou verzwakken. Satellietsystemen liepen het risico het te laten afweten, net als computers en ander elektrisch en elektronisch materiaal. Volgens het Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics van de universiteit van Colorado konden zelfs “delen van de planeet onbewoonbaar worden tijdens de omwisseling”.
Maar zo een vaart zal het niet lopen volgens de nieuwe studie van IJslandse, Duitse, Britse en Franse wetenschappers. Het magnetisch veld is in het verleden al verscheidene keren omgekeerd, zo klinkt het, en dat zal het zeer waarschijnlijk opnieuw doen. Maar volgens de nieuwe modellen is dat niet voor meteen.
Indicatie
Volgens eerder onderzoek zouden de magnetische polen elke 300.000 jaar wisselen en de laatste keer gebeurde dat 780.000 jaar geleden. Technisch gezien zijn we dus al flink overtijd. Maar volgens de British Geological Survey gaat het eerder op een indicatie dan om een feit. Want op sommige momenten in onze geschiedenis zat er zelfs miljoenen jaren tussen een wissel. (lees hieronder verder)
Getty
De nieuwe studie wijst er ook op dat magnetische wissels helemaal niet zo onaangekondigd komen als iedereen denkt. Veel vaker nog komt er ook zoiets voor als geomagnetische excursies, waarbij het magnetisch veld van de Aarde alleen maar wiebelt en buigt voor een bepaalde periode, maar daarna weer gewoon op zijn plaats valt.
Gewiebeld
De wetenschappers onderzochten de twee recentste gevallen daarvan: het Laschamp-event (41.000 jaar geleden) en het Lake Mono-event (34.000 jaar geleden). Ze ontdekten dat het magnetisch veld van de Aarde duizenden jaren daarvoor ook had gewiebeld, respectievelijk 49.000 en 46.000 jaar geleden, en dat de sterkte van het veld toen ongeveer dezelfde was als nu.
Er was echter ook een groot verschil. Daarvoor verwijzen de wetenschappers naar de Zuid-Atlantische Anomalie (SAA), een gebied met verzwakt magnetisme dat zich uitstrekt van Zimbabwe tot Chili en volgens sommigen een rode vlag is voor eenmagnetische switch. Bij de twee recentste geomagnetische excursies waren er ook zulke gebieden met verzwakt magnetisme, maar die hadden een veel grotere omvang dan die van vandaag.
Gelijkenissen
Volgens de onderzoekers zou die vaststelling de kans flink verkleinen dat een dergelijke excursie zich nu opnieuw voordoet en er drastische gevolgen zijn. “Onze studie toont aan dat geen van beide eerdere excursies sterke gelijkenissen vertoont met de verandering in het geomagnetisch veld van nu en dat het daardoor hoogst onwaarschijnlijk is dat zoiets zich nu opnieuw zou voordoen”, aldus Richard Holme. “Onze studie doet vermoeden dat het huidige verzwakte veld weer zal aansterken zonder een extreem event en dat een omkering van de polen dus onwaarschijnlijk is.”
Orthodox Jewish women in Lakewood don't study at Beth Medrash Govoha, but community members say women are crucial in supporting education there.
Thomas P. Costello, Asbury Park Press
What exactly was that in the night sky over Wall Township on St. Patrick’s Day?
Was it a UFO, or was it something else?
Jeff Wallace, 43, of Wall, would sure like to know. He was driving to pick up his stepdaughter from the Quick Chek on Belmar Boulevard that Saturday night, when he observed three lights in a triangular pattern “moving very slowly” across the sky.
He stopped his vehicle and took several photos of the lights with the camera on his smartphone. The photos are dark; but a triangle of lights is faintly visible.
The Air Force, which commands Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst, about 30 miles from Wall as the crow flies (or UFO), looked at the photos; it doesn’t know what it was either.
“There’s not enough from the photos … we weren’t able to tell,” said U.S. Air Force Staff Sgt. Lauren Russell, a spokeswoman for the Joint Base, after copies of the photos were circulated by personnel there.
Pat Marcatillio, aka Dr. UFO is the president and founder of the New Jersey/Pennsylvania UFO Paranormal Study Group Brian Johnston
And with that, Wallace joins the thousands of other New Jerseyans who say they have seen a UFO in the sky, without knowing for sure what they saw. The National UFO Reporting Center says on its website that it has received nearly 2,200 reports of UFO sightings in New Jersey, with the first one reported back in 1930. MUFON – the acronym for the nonprofit Mutual Unidentified Flying Object Network – says there were eight sightings, not including Wallace's, just in March.
Interest in UFOs has been on the rise of late, with more videos of UFO sightings from Navy pilots being declassified. One of the more recent included Navy pilots being amazed by what a UFO could do as they trailed it flying over the Eastern Seaboard in 2015.
What’s out there?
On Feb. 26, a person reported seeing a 40-foot-long, disk-like craft with rows of red and white alternating lights hovering over the trees in Jackson, according to a report filed with the National UFO Reporting Center. The center also had two reports from Tinton Falls, one on Dec. 28 — a rapidly falling white-blue light — and another on Jan. 10, with a report of a black, oval-shaped craft.
Of the eight cases of UFO sightings over New Jersey in March reported to MUFON, spokesman Roger Marsh said two of the sightings involved triangular-shaped objects similar to what Wallace saw in Wall: One in Egg Harbor Township three days before the Wall incident, on March 14, and another over North Brunswick five days later, on March 22, Marsh said.
MUFON, which has been in existence since 1969, is a national organization of civilians that includes scientists, retired military personnel, aviation experts and ordinary people who have witnessed things they simply can’t explain. The network catalogs and tracks cases of alleged UFO sightings on a daily basis from across the globe.
Michael Schratt, a military aerospace historian with MUFON, said he is convinced that about 95 percent of the “triangles” reported by eyewitnesses, are in fact man-made aircraft. The remaining 5 percent – unknown.
“The primary focus of my research deals with ‘black budget’ classified aircraft built and test flown by the U.S. military-industrial complex,” Schratt said. “Specifically, aircraft produced by manufacturing facilities along the West Coast – aka ‘Aerospace Alley.’”
Schratt said he has come to believe this is the case after spending the past 35 years interviewing engineers, test pilots and contractors who have worked in what he refers to as the “black world.”
Indeed, most UFOs that people see with any detail tend to be isosceles triangles – much like stealth airplanes. In many reports, the craft are reported to be moving slowly — too slow for commercial aircraft — and utterly silent.
At the same time as the story was published in The Times, the Defense Department declassified two videos from 2004 off the Southern California coast that were recorded by cameras aboard U.S. Navy fighter jets, which included the simultaneous audio of the radio communications between the pilots.
Pilots David Fravor and Jim Slaight, who were flying in F/A-18F Super Hornets, had described seeing an oval-shaped object hovering above the sea below them, USA Today reported.
When they flew lower to have a look at it, Fravor said, “it accelerated like nothing I’ve seen before,” they told the newspaper.
Fravor told USA Today he was mystified by what he saw in the 2004 incident: “It had no (exhaust) plumes, wings or rotors and outran our F-18s. I want to fly one.”
After that third video of UFOs over the Eastern Seaboard was released, The Washington Post published an opinion piece titled, “The military keeps encountering UFOs. Why doesn’t the Pentagon care?” which was penned by Christopher Mellon, who served as deputy assistant secretary of defense for intelligence in the Bill Clinton and George W. Bush administrations.
Footage courtesy of: To The Stars Academy
“The videos, along with observations by pilots and radar operators, appear to provide evidence of the existence of aircraft far superior to anything possessed by the United States or its allies,” Mellon wrote in The Post. “Defense Department officials who analyze the relevant intelligence confirm more than a dozen such incidents off the East Coast alone since 2015. In another recent case, the Air Force launched F-15 fighters last October in a failed attempt to intercept an unidentified high-speed aircraft looping over the Pacific Northwest.”
But not everyone believes the videos are all that compelling.
Robert Sheaffer, author of “Bad UFOs: Critical Thinking About UFO Claims” and operator of the website “The Debunker's Domain,” is a self-avowed skeptic.
“They have only released two very blurry infrared videos of objects that appear to be distant jets, without sufficient information to do a really good analysis of them,” Sheaffer told Space.com for a Jan. 9 article. “So, ultimately, all you have are a few UFO believers in and outside government who were able to get away with funneling a few million Pentagon dollars to themselves for UFO research, and have very little to show for it.”
'The truth is out there'
Ret. Air Force Major George Filer III, 82, who serves as the New Jersey director of MUFON, is one of the believers. As a former flight and intelligence officer with a 20-year service record, he said he has personally witnessed some pretty bizarre phenomena. He asserted that he knows firsthand that four-star generals and admirals are briefed regularly about “anomalous aerial vehicles.”
When Filer was stationed in Great Britain and assigned to an air tanker unit at the height of the Cold War, he recalls flying aboard a military aircraft over Scotland that attempted to intercept such an object that appeared as big as a bridge on radar.
“When we got closer, we could see lights off in the distance – kind of like a cruise ship you would see at night, with multiple lights across it,” he said. “As we got, I don’t know, about 5 miles from it – it went up into space. And we were doing over 400 (miles per hour) and I would say it was doing 10, 20 times our speed and it was this huge object. So we were convinced that it was something that was not ours, let’s put it that way. … To me, it looked like a long cylinder.”
Filer doesn’t know who or what is piloting these vehicles, but he has his own theories. If they are visitors from another world, that they may be using the world’s oceans to conceal themselves from detection – which is why there are so many sightings near water, he postulates.
Ufology, the study of UFOs, attracts people from all walks of life. But because of the social stigma associated with seeing a UFO and the assumption that UFO means “alien spaceship,” when it simply means that something is simply unidentified, most people won’t even discuss their experiences unless someone first shares their own, Filer said.
In fact, Filer believes that many more people have seen UFOs than have not – but because of fears about being labeled a kook, they keep such accounts mainly to family and close friends.
The ridicule factor has been quite effective in silencing people, Filer said.
One colorful character from Mercer County, who embraces the eccentricity of this subculture is Pat Marcattilio, 75 – who goes by the nickname “Dr. UFO,” which is also emblazoned across his personalized license plates.
Marcattilio, of Hamilton, is the founder of the New Jersey/Pennsylvania UFO Paranormal Study Group. Since 1984, the group has met monthly at the Hamilton Township Free Public Library to share their interest in the subject.
“I was coming home from Atlantic City with a bunch of guys in my car and the State Police pulled me over at Columbus,” Marcattilio said. “So I pulled over and (the trooper) walks up to me and said, ‘Hey, I gotta tell you my UFO story.’”
Marcattilio believes that the government is not only aware of the existence of extraterrestrial life, but is in fact concealing such evidence from the public. Why? To avoid the same mass hysteria that occurred not far from his home 80 years ago this October – when some Americans listening to their radios became convinced that Martians were invading Grover’s Mill during a performance of “The War of the Worlds” led by Orson Welles.
“I think we’ve gone way beyond that, we accept them, I believe,” he said. “I think it’s time for them to be real and for the government to say that we have galactic neighbors and they’re visiting us.”
Pat Marcattilio (Dr. UFO) talks about recent UFO footage released by 'To The Stars Academy of Arts & Science' Brian Johnston
Back in Wall, Wallace doesn’t know what he snapped a photo of on that night one month ago, when he said the sky was “clear enough to see stars.”
Wallace was about a quarter-mile from Camp Evans, a former signal laboratory for the U.S. War Department, when he first spotted the object. The site witnessed a milestone in scientific history on Jan. 10, 1946, when Signal Corps scientists used a radar antenna to bounce radio signals off the moon.
“I guess you could call me a star gazer. I’m pretty observant of my surroundings,” Wallace said. “I’ve been skeptical about UFOs my whole life, but the lights could have been a UFO. They started moving erratically in a pattern that was not like a plane.”
Wallace said he observed a meteor once, but this wasn’t like any meteor he ever saw. He noted that he had never seen a light pattern like the one he witnessed on March 17.
Then, after he took the photos, whatever it was just vanished.
Erik Larsen: 732-682-9359 or elarsen@gannettnj.com and Dan Radel: 732-643-4072 or dradel@gannettnj.com.
Het leek op een lange cilinder. Luchtmachtmajoor deelt opmerkelijk verhaal over gigantische UFO
Het leek op een lange cilinder. Luchtmachtmajoor deelt opmerkelijk verhaal over gigantische UFO
De gepensioneerde luchtmachtmajoor George Filer III (82) heeft al veel bizarre dingen in de lucht gezien. Hij zegt dat hij persoonlijk viersterrengeneraals en -admiraals kent die geregeld worden bijgepraat over ongeïdentificeerde vliegende objecten oftewel UFO’s.
Toen Filer op het hoogtepunt van de Koude Oorlog was gestationeerd in Groot-Brittannië moest hij op een dag een onbekend object onderscheppen dat op de radar net zo groot leek als een brug.
“Toen we dichterbij kwamen konden we in de verte lichten zien, net zoals een cruiseschip dat ’s avonds verlicht is,” zei hij.
10 tot 20 keer
“Terwijl we het naderden schoot het opeens omhoog, de ruimte in,” vervolgde hij.
“We vlogen met een snelheid van zo’n 640 kilometer per uur en dit object haalde 10 tot 20 keer onze snelheid,” aldus Filer. “Het was een gigantisch object.”
“We waren ervan overtuigd dat het niet iets van ons was,” klonk het. “Het leek op een lange cilinder.”
Filer zegt niet te weten wie deze vaartuigen besturen. Hij heeft wel zo zijn theorieën.
Camoufleren
Als het bezoekers zijn van een andere planeet, gebruiken ze de oceanen mogelijk om zichzelf te camoufleren. Dat zou kunnen verklaren waarom er zoveel waarnemingen in de buurt van het water worden gedaan.
Filer zegt dat de meerderheid van de mensen UFO’s heeft gezien, maar dat de meesten er niet openlijk over durven te praten uit angst voor gek te worden verklaard.
AN EXPANDING CLOUD OF ATOMS COULD OFFER INSIGHT INTO UNANSWERED COSMOLOGICAL QUESTIONS.
An expanding, ring-shaped cloud of atoms shares several striking features with the early universe.
(Credit: E. Edwards/JQI)
Researchers playing with a cloud of ultracold atoms uncovered behavior that bears a striking resemblance to the universe in microcosm. Their work, which forges new connections between atomic physics and the sudden expansion of the early universe, was published April 19 in Physical Review X(link is external)and featured in Physics(link is external).
"From the atomic physics perspective, the experiment is beautifully described by existing theory," says Stephen Eckel, an atomic physicist at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the lead author of the new paper. "But even more striking is how that theory connects with cosmology."
In several sets of experiments, Eckel and his colleagues rapidly expanded the size of a doughnut-shaped cloud of atoms, taking snapshots during the process. The growth happens so fast that the cloud is left humming, and a related hum may have appeared on cosmic scales during the rapid expansion of the early universe—an epoch that cosmologists refer to as the period of inflation.
The work brought together experts in atomic physics and gravity, and the authors say it is a testament to the versatility of the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC)—an ultracold cloud of atoms that can be described as a single quantum object—as a platform for testing ideas from other areas of physics.
"Maybe this will one day inform future models of cosmology," Eckel says. "Or vice versa. Maybe there will be a model of cosmology that’s difficult to solve but that you could simulate using a cold atomic gas."
It’s not the first time that researchers have connected BECs and cosmology. Prior studies mimicked black holes and searched for analogs of the radiation predicted to pour forth from their shadowy boundaries. The new experiments focus instead on the BEC’s response to a rapid expansion, a process that suggests several analogies to what may have happened during the period of inflation.
The first and most direct analogy involves the way that waves travel through an expanding medium. Such a situation doesn’t arise often in physics, but it happened during inflation on a grand scale. During that expansion, space itself stretched any waves to much larger sizes and stole energy from them through a process known as Hubble friction.
In one set of experiments, researchers spotted analogous features in their cloud of atoms. They imprinted a sound wave onto their cloud—alternating regions of more atoms and fewer atoms around the ring, like a wave in the early universe—and watched it disperse during expansion. Unsurprisingly, the sound wave stretched out, but its amplitude also decreased. The math revealed that this damping looked just like Hubble friction, and the behavior was captured well by calculations and numerical simulations.
"It's like we're hitting the BEC with a hammer," says Gretchen Campbell, the NIST co-director of the Joint Quantum Institute (JQI) and a coauthor of the paper, "and it’s sort of shocking to me that these simulations so nicely replicate what's going on."
In a second set of experiments, the team uncovered another, more speculative analogy. For these tests they left the BEC free of any sound waves but provoked the same expansion, watching the BEC slosh back and forth until it relaxed.
In a way, that relaxation also resembled inflation. Some of the energy that drove the expansion of the universe ultimately ended up creating all of the matter and light around us. And although there are many theories for how this happened, cosmologists aren’t exactly sure how that leftover energy got converted into all the stuff we see today.
In the BEC, the energy of the expansion was quickly transferred to things like sound waves traveling around the ring. Some early guesses for why this was happening looked promising, but they fell short of predicting the energy transfer accurately. So the team turned to numerical simulations that could capture a more complete picture of the physics.
What emerged was a complicated account of the energy conversion: After the expansion stopped, atoms at the outer edge of the ring hit their new, expanded boundary and got reflected back toward the center of the cloud. There, they interfered with atoms still traveling outward, creating a zone in the middle where almost no atoms could live. Atoms on either side of this inhospitable area had mismatched quantum properties, like two neighboring clocks that are out of sync.
The situation was highly unstable and eventually collapsed, leading to the creation of vortices throughout the cloud. These vortices, or little quantum whirlpools, would break apart and generate sound waves that ran around the ring, like the particles and radiation left over after inflation. Some vortices even escaped from the edge of the BEC, creating an imbalance that left the cloud rotating.
Unlike the analogy to Hubble friction, the complicated story of how sloshing atoms can create dozens of quantum whirlpools may bear no resemblance to what goes on during and after inflation. But Ted Jacobson, a coauthor of the new paper and a physics professor at the University of Maryland specializing in black holes, says that his interaction with atomic physicists yielded benefits outside these technical results.
"What I learned from them, and from thinking so much about an experiment like that, are new ways to think about the cosmology problem," Jacobson says. "And they learned to think about aspects of the BEC that they would never have thought about before. Whether those are useful or important remains to be seen, but it was certainly stimulating."
Eckel echoes the same thought. "Ted got me to think about the processes in BECs differently," he says, "and any time you approach a problem and you can see it from a different perspective, it gives you a better chance of actually solving that problem."
Future experiments may study the complicated transfer of energy during expansion more closely, or even search for further cosmological analogies. "The nice thing is that from these results, we now know how to design experiments in the future to target the different effects that we hope to see," Campbell says. "And as theorists come up with models, it does give us a testbed where we could actually study those models and see what happens."
The new paper included contributions from two coauthors not mentioned in the text: Avinash Kumar, a graduate student at JQI; and Ian Spielman, a JQI Fellow and NIST physicist.
Atomen neuriën deuntje in groot kosmisch orkest. Wetenschappers doen opmerkelijke ontdekking
Atomen neuriën deuntje in groot kosmisch orkest. Wetenschappers doen opmerkelijke ontdekking
Wetenschappers hebben iets opmerkelijks ontdekt. Tijdens experimenten lieten ze supergekoelde donutvormige wolken van atomen heel snel uitdijen en maakten ze tegelijkertijd foto’s.
Tijdens dat proces klinkt het net alsof de wolk een deuntje begint te neuriën. Datzelfde gebeurde mogelijk tijdens de snelle expansie van het vroege universum.
De onderzoekers experimenteerden met bose-einsteincondensaten, die enkel voorkomen bij temperaturen nabij het absolute nulpunt.
Versmelten
In deze toestand beginnen de grenzen tussen atomen zodanig te versmelten, dat ze niet meer van elkaar onderscheiden kunnen worden en er één dichte klont waarneembaar is.
Deze supergekoelde wolken van atomen kunnen worden gezien als één enkel kwantumobject.
Daarbij beginnen zich kwantumeffecten voor te doen, niet op de piepkleine schaal waarop dat normaal het geval is, maar op een schaal die wij mensen makkelijker kunnen opsporen en waarnemen.
Niet voor het eerst
Het is niet voor het eerst dat onderzoekers bose-einsteincondensaten hebben gebruikt om inzicht te krijgen in hoe het er in de kosmos aan toegaat.
Tijdens eerdere studies werden zwarte gaten nagebootst om te kijken of ze – zoals voorspeld – straling begonnen te lekken.
De nieuwe experimenten moesten vooral laten zien hoe de condensaten reageren op een snelle expansie.
Conspiracy Theorists Wonder Whether Clinton Lost Because the Deep State Wanted to Stop Her From Releasing Secret Alien Files
No, you’re not in the Twilight Zone: That really was Hillary Clinton’s 2016 campaign chairman and former White House Chief of Staff John Podesta on Ancient AliensFriday night.
The long-running History Channel series is a haven for believers in the government/UFO conspiracy, alien abductions, and “The Reptilians.” (Season 8, Episode 5: “Could ancient myths about reptilian creatures provide evidence that they are more than just a pop-culture creation?”). The show has even pondered whether the moon is hollow and houses a secret alien base (Season 11, Episode 11).
This weekend Ancient Aliens kicked off its 13th season with a review of efforts to get the federal government to release its treasure trove of documents and data on what really happened at Roswell, Area 51, etc.
And there—in between artist renditions of flying saucers and interviews with UFO conspiracy theorists like Georgio Tsoukalos and Stephen Bassett—was well-known Democrat politico John Podesta. Among the conspiracies promoted in this new (ahem) “documentary” is the suggestion that the real reason Hillary lost an impossible-to-lose campaign in 2016 wasn’t the Russians or the FBI.
It was aliens.
As conspiracy-debunker Jason Colavito says in his review of the episode:
“The show speculates that Clinton would have led a UFO disclosure movement had she won the presidency in 2016, and there is a strange implication that ‘the CIA and the Pentagon were worried about Hillary Clinton’ and therefore arranged for her to lose the election.”
John Podesta’s obsession with alien encounters and government disclosure is no secret. The Washington Postand others have written about it in the past. And video of Podesta’s 2002 appearance in a press event urging the government to release all its UFO files has a staple of “The Truth Is Out There” documentary industry.
Podesta’s passion has even made an appearance in the #Russiagate story, as InsideSources has reported. Among the Podesta emails released by Wikileaks during the 2016 campaign were several from Blink-182 front man (and UFO activist) Tom DeLonge referencing “Classified Science,” “DOD topics” and Roswell.
What is unusual about the latest Ancient Aliens episode (“The UFO Conspiracy”) is Podesta’s decision to sit down for an on-camera interview, participating directly in the program.
“Right after I left law school, I started working on that at the Department of Justice then at the Senate Judiciary Committee, and then when I worked for President Clinton’s White House,” Podesta says to the camera. “I was one of the people spearheading an initiative to declassify what turned out to be over a billion pages of documents that were resident at the national archives in President Clinton’s case. I think he was interested in the phenomenon.”
Podesta also discusses supposedly alien materials found at alleged UFO crash sites, materials currently in the possession of budget-hotel-billionaire-turned-aerospace-exec Robert Bigelow. “There were also indications that there were certain polymers that were discovered at crash sites that were unexplained and reviewed,” Podesta claims.
Podesta’s expertise on polymers may be suspect, but he knows his politics. In fact, there are a surprising number of political names in the episode: The Clintons; former Senators Harry Reid, Daniel Inouye and Ted Stevens; George Stephanopoulos, even President Obama who, the History Channel reminds us, oversaw the CIA’s release of 13 million documents, many of which related to the UFO issue.
These document dumps, according to conspiracy-theorist Bennett, are “all part of an effort to move us in a direction that we can accept as a society [the fact that] extraterrestrials are here and have been here for thousands of years.”
But are we ready? “Secretary Clinton was also interested in the topic” of releasing UFO documentation and was very open about that fact “if elected, she would have ordered a more thorough declassification review,” Podesta says.
After this statement from Hillary’s campaign manager, the show’s narrator intones: “Many believe that if Clinton had won, there would have been a seismic shift from the government’s long-held policy of secrecy concerning UFO investigations to a new policy of full disclosure.”
Is this the answer to Hillary’s question “What Happened?” That’s certainly the documentary makers’ implication:
“The CIA, the Pentagon, they were worried about Hillary Clinton…winning the presidency and going to the Pentagon and basically saying, ‘you’re going to get me the information I need to disclose the extraterrestrial presence, or I’m going to fire every single one of you,’” Bassett says.
He’s followed by Linda Moulton Howe, whose previous work includes “Neil Armstrong’s Secret: UFO’s on the Moon?”
“As this year of 2016 went forward. We all expected that this headline that we’ve been waiting for that is going to break,” she said. “John Podesta was trying to get ready to open up [the fact] that we’re not alone in the universe.”
“All of that crashed when a different person became president of the United States,” Howe said.
Was Hillary Clinton’s historic loss engineered by shadowy government figures afraid she would expose their relationship with our alien overlords? Was the real villain of 2016 the “Cigarette-Smoking Man?”
The truth it out there. On cable TV. And it stars John Podesta.
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John Podesta praat over UFO’s en buitenaardse materialen in nieuw seizoen Ancient Aliens. Wat weet hij?
John Podesta praat over UFO’s en buitenaardse materialen in nieuw seizoen Ancient Aliens. Wat weet hij?
Afgelopen weekend startte het dertiende seizoen van Ancient Aliens. De eerste aflevering ging vooral over inspanningen om geheime documenten over onder meer Roswell en Area 51 in de openbaarheid te brengen.
Ook John Podesta, de man die de presidentscampagne van Hillary Clinton leidde, kwam aan het woord. Al in 2002 riep hij de overheid op om alle UFO-documenten vrij te geven.
Het lukte Podesta, die later adviseur van president Obama werd, niet om de stukken openbaar te krijgen.
Buitenaardse materialen
Hij vertelde in het programma dat hij onder president Bill Clinton een taakgroep leidde die belast was met het openbaren van ruim een miljard pagina’s aan documenten uit het nationaal archief.
“Volgens mij was hij geïnteresseerd in het fenomeen,” verklaarde Podesta.
Hij sprak ook over vermeende buitenaardse materialen die zijn gevonden op UFO-crashplekken, materialen die momenteel in handen zijn van miljardair Robert Bigelow.
Polymeren
“Er waren aanwijzingen dat er bepaalde polymeren zijn gevonden op crashplekken die zijn onderzocht, maar waar geen verklaring voor kon worden gevonden,” zei Podesta.
“Minister [van Buitenlandse Zaken] Clinton was ook geïnteresseerd in het onderwerp,” voegde hij toe.
Openheid van zaken
Ze zei openlijk dat ze een onderzoek zou laten instellen naar geheime UFO-documenten als ze gekozen zou worden, aldus Podesta.
Velen geloven dat de overheid volledige openheid van zaken zou hebben gegeven over UFO-onderzoeken als Clinton had gewonnen, zei de commentaarstem.
ONGEWONE GEISERUITBARSTINGEN BIJ YELLOWSTONE SUPERVULKAAN, USA ( VIDEO )
ONGEWONE GEISERUITBARSTINGEN BIJ YELLOWSTONE SUPERVULKAAN, USA ( VIDEO )
Overal ter wereld rommelt het letterlijk alsof er grote ongeziene krachten aan het werk zijn waardoor de aarde hevig protesteert.
Zo ook bij de Yellowstone supervulkaan en ondanks alle geruststellende woorden van wetenschappers zijn veel mensen ongerust over de status van deze slapende reus.
Het is al jaren onrustig rondom de Yellowstone supervulkaan in Amerika. Regelmatig duiken er berichten op dat een uitbarsting van deze gigant misschien niet zo ver weg is.
Ook nu is er weer een groep seismologen die waarschuwen dat de Yellowstone supervulkaan “onder druk” staat, waarmee uiteraard dan weer de vrees toeneemt dat er een uitbarsting zal volgen.
De experts werden gealarmeerd doordat er een subtiele vervorming waarneembaar was in de rotsachtige bodem onder het aardoppervlak. Volgens onderzoekers treedt dat op wanneer er een verandering plaatsvindt in de hoeveelheid druk in de magmakamer van de supervulkaan. De seismologen zullen verdere ontwikkelingen nauwkeurig in het oog houden.
De wetenschappers van UNAVCO, een consortium van diverse universiteiten, zeggen dat het druksignaal sterker is dan men zou verwachten als de aardkorst onder de vulkaan solide zou zijn.
Dit alles betekent dan weer dat er lava stroomt, waardoor deze druk wordt opgebouwd. Ongeveer op 5 kilometer onder de grond bevinden zich bepaalde zones waar een soort half gesmolten rots voor komt. Ze gebruiken de term half gesmolten rots omdat deze zich vormen in wat men noemt "pockets" tussen de gewone rots. Kleine ruimtes tussen de gewone rots die vloeibaar aan het worden zijn.
En dan komt natuurlijk weer het normale verhaal dat niemand zich zorgen hoeft te maken en zo meer. Dat schijnt de standaard uitdrukking te zijn voor alle vreemde en ongewone dingen die op aarde plaatsvinden. Geen zorgen, business as usual.
Dat alles toch niet zo normaal is als men wil doen voorkomen blijkt ook uit het feit dat vorig jaar het speciale NASA observatievliegtuig, een Boeing 747 genaamd Sophia en uitgerust met infrarode opname-apparatuur, vluchten uitvoerde boven Yellowstone.
En nu is Yellowstone weer in het nieuws en dit keer door de onverwachte uitbarsting van een geiser met de naam Steamboat Geyser.
Dit is sinds 2014 niet meer gebeurd en nu zijn er drie uitbarstingen in de afgelopen zes weken. Er zijn ooit een keer eerder drie uitbarstingen in één jaar geweest en dat was in 2003. Maar, dit jaar is pas vier maanden oud en aangezien iedere keer het woord “ongewoon” wordt gebruikt, raken mensen steeds wantrouwiger.
Temeer ook omdat vulkanologen zoals Michael Poland, hun uiterste best doen om haastig te zeggen dat er helemaal niets aan de hand is, maar geen verklaring kunnen geven voor deze “ongewone” uitbarstingen. Het enige dat ze kunnen zeggen is dat er geen vast tijdschema bestaat voor dit soort uitbarstingen.
En weer hebben we hier weer hetzelfde verhaal en dat is dat er naar één aspect wordt gekeken en niet naar het grotere beeld zoals dat zich de laatste jaren voor wat betreft Yellowstone supervulkaan heeft ontwikkeld. Een supermonster dat langzaam maar zeker tekenen toont van ontwaken.
Enkele dagen geleden vond er nog een geheimzinnige gebeurtenis plaats bij Yellowstone waar tot op dit moment niemand een verklaring voor heeft.
Het voorval is geregistreerd door de webcams aldaar en op een gegeven zie je een lichtbol verschijnen die lijkt af te dalen, dan een soort explosie, de bol die weer omhoog gaat, verder beweegt, weer een soort explosie en dan vervolgens uit beeld verdwijnt.
Pal daarop zijn er beelden te zien van iets of iemand die gewond of dood op de grond ligt en waar hulpdiensten zich mee bezighouden. Het is niet duidelijk te zien of het hier om een dier of een mens gaat.
Do you have a brain implant? If so, you may want to step away from the window during an electrical storm. A new medical report details the experience of a woman being treated for a mysterious nerve condition with deep brain stimulation whose implant was shut down by a lightning strike which also knock out her TV and air conditioner – which were her main concerns until she noticed the neck problem the implant was controlling suddenly returned. While this could be serious and possibly fatal, is this also a cure for abductees who suspect they were given implants? (Asking for a friend.)
The current edition of the Journal of Neurosurgeryrecounts the strange and potentially life-threatening experience of a 66-year-old woman in Slovenia who was suffering from neck dystonia – a rare and painful disorder where the neck muscles contract involuntarily, causing them to twist the entire head uncontrollably from side-to-side and front-to-back. The constant movement causes stress in the face, jaws, arms and other body parts, and bone spurs on the spine that result in numbness and weakness in the arms and legs. While medications and therapy can reduce the pain and symptoms, there is no known cure for the mysterious disease. However, deep brain stimulation – where a wire is inserted through a hole in the skull to direct electrical impulses to the part of the brain that controls movement – is effective in stopping the muscle contractions. This type of treatment helped the Slovenian sufferer for five years … until the lightning struck.
“The patient was not charging the battery of her IPG during the event, and the recharger for the IPG was disconnected from the power supply during the storm. The recharger and IPG were therefore not destroyed. The patient realized that something was wrong only 1 hour after the storm subsided, when the dystonic tremor in her neck reappeared.”
The patient was able to quickly get to a nearby clinic. The POR (Power On Reset) warning appeared on the device’s display but the battery had held its charge and nothing else appeared to be damaged. As every technical help desk operator will promise you, the system came back after hitting “reset” – immediately stopping the tremors and the subsequent pain.
Things may have turned out differently and probably fatally if she was charging the device during the lightning hit by holding the recharger over her skin. Instead, it was the power surge in the air that knocked it cold. With these types of medical devices becoming more common, concerns increase for shutdowns by electrical interference. It’s not just lightning either.
“Patients should be regularly warned to avoid environmental sources that generate strong EMFs, such as arc welding equipment, electronic power generators, electrical substations, ham radio antennas, power lines, microwave communication transmitters, industrial furnaces, induction heaters, resistance welders, and transmission towers for television and radio signals. [Also] medical devices that generate strong EMFs, such as MRI units, cardioverter machines, and diathermy devices.”
This seems like yet another Nietzschean example of “what doesn’t kill you makes you stronger,” but the places that can kill or injure someone with a brain implant seems long enough and broad enough to make one want to stay home, turn off all devices and TVs and warm food on a conventional gas stove.
Will getting zapped by lightning help someone with an alien implant? Probably not. You don’t hear about them needing to be charged, so they must be powered by something other than batteries. If aliens have figured out how to travel to Earth and abduct humans for the purpose of inserting implants, they’ve no doubt figure out how to block strong EMFs.
The best solution for alien implantees may be finding a sympathetic doctor with really long and thin needle-nose pliers or playing football.
On May 1, 2018 Jason Maggard filmed the moon about an hour after sunset what he called as the most amazing moon rise ever.
Indeed amazing but even more strange, it looks like the moon was giving off a beam of light straight up for about the first 30 minutes after rising on the horizon.
Later on the moon came back to the moon as we know.
Since Jason is convinced that it was not the sun that illuminated the moon he wonders what could have been the cause for this rare sky phenomenon.
This island photo was taken during the STS-77 space shuttle mission back in 1996. If you look carefully you will notice that there is one larger island that looks like a standing person with an enlarged head. You can even make out an eye, where the mouth of a volcano sits, probably the entrance to an underground base here. Next to it to the left, is another island, in the shape of a face wearing an armored helm.
Many people write off such discoveries as coincidence, but these are actually alien signs that they have placed around the globe in order for humans to one day realize that they are not alone and aliens have been around long before humans.
Researchers Confirm Existence Of Ancient Inca Astronomical Structures In The Atacama Desert
Researchers Confirm Existence Of Ancient Inca Astronomical Structures In The Atacama Desert
A group of Chilean archaeologists, historians, and astronomers has come across a number of stone structures that may have been part of a huge ancient solar calendar used by the Incas thousands of years ago.
The discovery was made in an area known as the Camino del Inca, in the Atacama Desert in Chile.
Researchers discovered structures known as a saywa.
These 1.20-meter-high columns, which draw a transverse line between them, helped the natives of the region determine “on what day of solstices or equinoxes would these structures be aligned with the point of sunrise.”
Experts say that even though a number of such structures have been discovered throughout the years, scientists did not fully understand their functionality.
Chile, At
However, observations made last year of similar formations in urban regions of the country gave experts clues that their use may have been astronomical in nature. “These structures were astronomical markers linked to relevant dates of the Inca calendar,” the study emphasizes.
On this occasion, through the use of Google Earth and with the support of researchers from the ALMA observatory, “the orientation of the saywas with respect to the north was analyzed”. It was found that they were perfectly oriented and aligned with the sunrise at the autumn equinox and the winter solstice.
“The interesting thing was to find astronomical saywas on the Camino del Inca, that is, outside the big cities, in unpopulated places,” says Carlos Aldunate, one of the archaeologists of the research.
“It was surprising especially for us (…) We work with high precision instruments, but more than 500 years ago the Incas were able to establish solar calendars in a perfect way without our technology,” says astronomer Juan Cortés.
The Inca or Inca Empire was a South American civilization with the most extensive domain in the history of pre-Columbian America.
The territory of the ancient Inca was often called Tahuantinsuyo(“the four regions or divisions”). The Ancient Inca Empire flourished in the Andean zone of South America between the 15th and 16th centuries. It covered about 2 million square kilometers between the Pacific Ocean and the Amazon rainforest, from the outskirts of Pasto ( Colombia) in the north to the Maule River (Chile) in the south.
Maco Capac is believed to have been the first Inca ruler, and he is believed to have founded the Inca empire around 1200 BC.
Illustration of Martín de Murúa (16th century) of what was probably a ‘saywa’.
Capac was its first ruler was characterized by the dominion of the pre-Inca tribes who lived scattered in Cuzco and its surroundings. Manco Cápac unified the Huallas, Poques, and Lares.
Featured image credit: Saywas found in the Atacama Desert. Image Credit: Chilean Museum of Pre-Columbian Art
Astronauts Explain How Space Colonists Could Survive on Another 'Strange Rock'
Astronauts Explain How Space Colonists Could Survive on Another 'Strange Rock'
By Hanneke Weitering, Space.com Staff Writer
If humans want to avoid going extinct like the dinosaurs, we will ultimately have to learn to live in space and to colonize other worlds. But would living on another planet truly preserve our species, or would a new environment drive us to evolve into something new?
In a new episode of "One Strange Rock," airing tonight (April 30) on the National Geographic Channel, eight astronauts explain why they think humans should colonize space — and how doing so could affect our bodies.
The human body faces many obstacles during spaceflight. At the International Space Station (ISS), astronauts' bones and muscles weaken as they work in weightlessness for months at a time. Because their bodies don't experience gravity, bodily fluids shift upward, causing eyesight changes that are sometimes permanent. [6 Everyday Things That Happen Strangely in Space]
Cosmic radiation sometimes triggers "light flashes" in the astronauts' eyes, Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield explains in the show. On long-duration deep-space missions, radiation could even damage our DNA, causing cancer and brain damage.
The Hawaii Space Exploration Analogue and Simulation (HI-SEAS) experiment studies how a group of mock Mars colonists fare while living and working in isolation for long periods of time.
Credit: National Geographic
Exposing ourselves to a toxic and potentially lethal environment in an effort to prolong the existence of our species might seem counterproductive. However, if the humans naturally adapted a way to deal with radiation, it wouldn't be the first time.
"One Strange Rock" will take viewers to Chernobyl, a nuclear power plant in Ukraine that exploded in 1986. Radiation exposure after the explosion killed people and animals alike, but some species have adapted to the radiationby producing more antioxidants. Humans, too, have been known to adapt to radiation exposure when regularly working with X-rays, for example.
If our bodies did somehow adapt to radiation, or if humans devised a way to shield ourselves from it, we still can't guarantee that our bodies will be able to survive away from Earth. Humans and every other species on our planet have evolved to thrive in an environment that will be difficult to find anywhere else in our nook of the cosmos.
But this doesn't mean that space colonists are doomed. Just as all of Earth's species have done for billions of years, humans can adapt to new environments, the astronauts of "One Strange Rock" suggest.
"Even if we survive the journey and make the place feel like home, we still might not save our species," Will Smith, who hosts the show, says in the episode. "Just by being there we might turn into something else."
Catch this episode of "One Strange Rock" on the National Geographic Channel tonight (April 30) at 10 p.m. EDT/PDT (9 p.m. CDT).
Email Hanneke Weitering at hweitering@space.com or follow her @hannekescience.
Did another advanced species exist on Earth before humans?
Did another advanced species exist on Earth before humans?
New paper explains how we might go about looking for evidence of earlier civilizations.
by Corey S. Powell
Monolith on Lifeless Planetbestdesigns / Getty Images/iStockphoto
Our Milky Way galaxy contains tens of billions of potentially habitable planets, but we have no idea whether we’re alone. For now Earth is the only world known to harbor life, and among all the living things on our planet we assume Homo sapiens is the only species ever to have developed advanced technology.
But maybe that’s assuming too much.
In a mind-bending new paper entitled “The Silurian Hypothesis” — a reference to an ancient race of brainy reptiles featured in the British science fiction show "Doctor Who" — scientists at NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies and the University of Rochester take a critical look at the scientific evidence that ours is the only advanced civilization ever to have existed on our planet.
“Do we really know we were the first technological species on Earth?” asks Adam Frank, a professor of physics and astronomy at Rochester and a co-author of the paper. “We’ve had an industrial society for only about 300 years, but there’s been complex life on land for nearly 400 million years.”
If humans went extinct today, Frank says, any future civilization that might arise on Earth millions of years hence might find it hard to recognize traces of human civilization. By the same token, if some earlier civilization existed on Earth millions of years ago, we might have trouble finding evidence of it.
IN SEARCH OF LIZARD PEOPLE
The discovery of physical artifacts would certainly be the most dramatic evidence of a Silurian-style civilization on Earth, but Frank doubts we’ll ever find anything of the sort.
“Our cities cover less than one percent of the surface,” he says. Any comparable cities from an earlier civilization would be easy for modern-day paleontologists to miss. And no one should count on finding a Jurassic iPhone; it wouldn't last millions of years, Gorilla Glass or no.
SleestaksNBC / NBC via Getty Images
Finding fossilized bones is a slightly better bet, but if another advanced species walked the Earth millions of years ago — if they walked — it would be easy to overlook their fossilized skeletons — if they had skeletons. Modern humans have been around for just 100,000 years, a thin sliver of time within the vast and spotty fossil record.
For these reasons, Frank and Gavin Schmidt, a climatologist at Goddard and the paper's co-author, focus on the possibility of finding chemical relics of an ancient terrestrial civilization.
Using human technology as their guide, Schmidt and Frank suggest zeroing in on plastics and other long-lived synthetic molecules as well as radioactive fallout (in case factions of ancient lizard people waged atomic warfare). In our case, technological development has been accompanied by widespread extinctions and rapid environmental changes, so those are red flags as well.
After reviewing several suspiciously abrupt geologic events of the past 380 million years, the researchers conclude that none of them clearly fit a technological profile. Frank calls for more research, such as studying how modern industrial chemicals persist in ocean sediments and then seeing if we can find traces of similar chemicals in the geologic record.
He argues that a deeper understanding of the human environmental footprint will also have practical consequences, helping us recognize better ways to achieve a long-term balance with the planet so we don't end up as tomorrow's forgotten species.
Then again, he’s also a curious guy who's interested in exploring more far-out ideas for finding Silurian-style signatures: “You could try looking on the moon,” he says.
LUNAR ARCHAEOLOGY
The moon is a favored target of Penn State University astronomer Jason Wright, one of a handful of other researchers now applying serious scientific thinking to the possibility of pre-human technological civilizations.
“Habitable planets like Earth are pretty good at destroying unmaintained things on their surfaces,” Wright says. So he’s been looking at the exotic possibility that such a civilization might have been a spacefaring one. If so, artifacts of their technology, or technosignatures, might be found elsewhere in the solar system.
Wright suggests looking for such artifacts not just on the lunar surface, but also on asteroids or buried on Mars — places where such objects could theoretically survive for hundreds of millions or even billions of years.
SpaceX’s recent launch of a Tesla Roadster into space offers an insight into how such a search might go. Several astronomers pointed their telescopes at the car and showed that, even if you had no idea what you were looking at, you’d still quickly pick it out as one weird-looking asteroid.
Finding technosignatures in space is an extreme long shot, but Wright argues that the effort is worthwhile. “There are lots of other reasons to find peculiar structures on Mars and the moon, and to look for weird asteroids,” he says. Such studies might reveal new details about the history and evolution of the solar system, for instance, or about resources that might be useful to future spacefarers.
If the efforts turn up a big black obelisk somewhere, so much the better.
Russian Mars probe 'Phobos 2' sent back images of a 20-mile-long cylindrical shaped object, before losing signal
Russian Mars probe 'Phobos 2' sent back images of a 20-mile-long cylindrical shaped object, before losing signal
Phobos used to be one of two moons that surround Mars, and it has been thought of as being something of a mysterious object. It was once said that Phobos must be hollow and this led to the question of whether it was a huge space station that had been hollowed out.
Russia launched two satellite probes that were unmanned in July 1988. These were Phobos 1 and 2 and headed in the direction of Mars. Their chief intention was to investigate the mysterious moon of the planet but was said to be lost while making their way there just two months later. It was said that Phobos 1 was lost due to an error with radio command. The reason for the loss of Phobos 2 has been intriguing, but it did manage to beam some information and images from Mars.
Things were going well with Phobos 2 until it came to align with Phobos. On March 28, the mission control center said they suddenly encountered communication issues with Phobos 2. It was said that Phobos 2 had not communicated with Earth as it had been scheduled to do so after it completed an operation going around Phobos, the Martian moon. So what was behind the loss of Phobos 2? Was it a malfunction as suggested?
Spindle Shaped Mysterious Object Picked Up In Photos
Boris Bolitsky, Moscow science correspondent, said that shortly before the loss of radio contact with Phobos 2 many images that were unusual had been sent back to Earth and were said to have shown features that were remarkable. A report said that the features were either on the surface of Mars or in the lower atmosphere. They were 20 to 25 kilometers in width and did not look like any geological formation that was known. They were said to be of a spindle type shape and were puzzling.
The surface of Mars had a dark and clearly defined shape on it that looked like a thin ellipse. This was different from the Phobos shadow that had been recorded some 18 years previously by Mariner 9. The ellipse seen in the photos showed an ellipse that had rounded points, with fuzzy edges that stood out against the surface. It was described as being something between Mars and the spacecraft as the surface could be seen below. Also stressed was the fact that the object could be seen by the infrared and optical camera. This is one of the reasons why it has not been said that the shape could have been the shadow of the moonlet. It was said that the photograph had been taken when the spacecraft was aligning with Phobos.
This brings about the question of just what collided with Phobos 2. Was it possible that the space probe might have been shot from space as it captured too much information? Another question is what the last frame captured show?
The chairperson of the equivalent of NASA in Russia said that an image seems to show an object that is an odd shape between Mars and the spacecraft. The photograph was shown to Colonel Dr. Marina Popovich, an astronaut and pilot from Russia with an interest in UFOs. Popovich gave information that is interesting at a UFO conference in 1991. Part of the information was said to be “the first ever leaked accounts of an alien mothership in the solar system”.
The last photograph that came from Phobos 2 showed a huge cylindrical spaceship around 20km in length and 1.5km in width hanging around close to the Martian moon. When the last frame was transmitted back to Earth the probe disappeared mysteriously, and the Russians said it had been destroyed.
The cigar-shaped spacecraft is said to be the penultimate frame that was taken by Phobos 2, and it is the object that cast the oblong shadow onto the surface of Mars in a photograph taken earlier.
Brian Crowley, the science writer from Australia, said that the convex cat’s eyeshadow, which due to the overhead solar inclination stopped a shadow being cast by the surface features of Mars and implies a shadow, was on the surface from something that was orbiting beyond Phobos 2. The spindle-shaped object is not consistent with a shadow that would be cast by the moon Phobos, as it is an irregular potato shape.
Another photo that was sent back by Phobos 2 was an infrared scan of the surface of Mars showing rectangular regions that were clearly defined. They seemed to be latticework of straight channels that resembled a city block. It was said that it might have been underground caverns too geometrically regular to be natural. The Russians have been pressed to release data that is more definitive, and they have released a television transmission that Phobos 2 sent during the last moments. However, they had not released the last frames, which were taken shortly before the spacecraft lost contact.
The final photograph that Phobos 2 took before it was said to have been shot out of orbit was tracked down.
This photograph was said to have been shown during a closed meeting between British and US officials.
We can only assume that it is not just NASA that suppresses photographs along with knowledge about planets; it seems that the Russian space program does too.
Phobos Chain Craters
An article was published in Astronomy magazine with the title Chain of Craters of Phobos. The author of the article talked about the many strange craters and grooves of Phobos. It was said that Viking had found a mystery in one of the most unexpected places, on one of two small Martian moons.
The mapping of Phobos by Mariner 9 revealed many craters and many investigators said that they were just rock chunks with scars of meteorite impacts. A few analysts noticed a puzzling feature, but as they did not have better data, there was little that could be said about it. A few crater pits looked as though they aligned in one or two chains. This was something unusual because crater chains on the moon were usually explained as being volcanic pits. They were said to be small eruption sites strung along fracture lines. However, Phobos was too small to be able to generate the heat along with the conventional volcanic activity.
Scientists are at a loss to be able to explain them. One of the last attempts to photograph Mars along with the Moons was by the Mars Observer of NASA, which was launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force. However, NASA also lost contact with the spacecraft.
Could it be that someone or something does not want people capturing footage of whatever is on Mars or its Moons?
In recent years, the scientific community has closely followed the evolution of the Earth’s magnetic field, with some scientists finding clues of a sign of an incoming magnetic pole reversal (something which also spurred a hodgepodge of conspiracy theories). However, a new study reports that what we’re seeing now is probably not a precursor of a magnetic pole reversal.
The South Atlantic Anomaly.
Image credits: NASA.
The Earth’s magnetic field is crucial for life on the planet, serving as a shield against hazardous radiation from space, especially coming from the Sun. Since 1840, scientists have been consistently monitoring this magnetic field, and since then, the global strength of the magnetic field has decayed at a rate of about five percent per century. Following this continuous decrease, a significant anomaly has emerged, called the South Atlantic Anomaly.
This anomaly represents an area of an abnormally weak magnetic field — think of it as a dip in the Earth’s magnetic defenses. Here, protection from harmful radiation from space is reduced, which has several unfortunate consequences (for instance, satellites in the area are more likely to suffer from communication blackouts and passengers on flights around the area are subjected to more radiation).
Within the research community, some have interpreted this anomaly as a sign of an incoming pole reversal. If this were the case, it wouldn’t really be surprising — the Earth’s magnetic field is constantly changing, and the way which it changes also changes. As a result, in the Earth’s geological history, magnetic pole reversals have been quite common, and we know this by studying geological proxies — magnetic minerals in the rocks and sediments “record” the orientation and strength of the Earth’s magnetic field at the time of rock formation. By dating the rocks, we can know how the magnetic field evolved, and we have a pretty good idea on how this field evolved through the ages. However, we don’t really know when the next reversal will come.
Chrons
The Earth’s field has alternated between periods of normal polarity, in which the predominant direction of the field was the same as the present direction, and reverse polarity, in which it was the opposite. These periods are called chrons. The duration of chrons isn’t fixed, though the average time seems to be 450,000 years. The reversals themselves typically take between 1,000 and 10,000 years. However, the last one, which happened 780,000 years ago, happened very quickly — quite possibly in less than 100 years. It’s not really possible to predict these shifts.
Image via Wiki Commons.
Within their new study, scientists have reconstructed past changes in Earth’s magnetic field using paleomagnetic data from sediment cores and volcanic rocks from across the globe. They found a specifically good record for the time interval of 50,000 to 30,000 years before the present, including two magnetic dips that are similar to the South Atlantic Anomaly.
Neither of them led to a magnetic pole reversal, and as a result, the team concludes that the current anomaly is also unlikely to lead to a pole reversal. While this doesn’t rule out the possibility of a magnetic pole reversal at some point in the near future, it makes it much less likely. Monika Korte, co-author of the study, explained:
“Based on our observations of the past 50,000 years we conclude that the South Atlantic Anomaly cannot be interpreted as a sign for the beginning of a reversal of the poles. Times of the past that, unlike the beginning of the Laschamp excursion, showed patterns of the magnetic field like today were not followed by a pole reversal. After some time the anomalies disappeared.”
Richard Holme, Professor of Geomagnetism at the University of Liverpool and co-author, concludes:
“There has been speculation that we are about to experience a magnetic polar reversal or excursion. However, by studying the two most recent excursion events, we show that neither bear resemblance to current changes in the geomagnetic field and therefore it is probably unlikely that such an event is about to happen.
“Our research suggests instead that the current weakened field will recover without such an extreme event, and therefore is unlikely to reverse.”
The paper, `Earth’s magnetic field is probably not reversing’ has been published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) doi:/10.1073/pnas.1722110115.
There are easily a dozen ways the age of humans could come to an end. At this point, an antibiotic-resistant plague, sea level rise, and global famine are all equally plausible ways for humans to get wiped off the face of the Earth. Fortunately, according to a new study in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, we might be able to cross one possibility off the list: magnetic pole reversal.
In a paper published Monday, an international team of researchers provides evidence that the current disturbance in Earth’s magnetic field does not indicate that it’s about to reverse polarity, contrary to what some experts have recently suggested. Over the past few months, several scientists have expressed concernabout magnetic field weirdness happening in Earth’s magnetic field above the region between Chile and Zimbabwe — referred to as the South Atlantic Anomaly — speculating that it might lead Earth’s magnetic field to reverse entirely. But by examining past historical periods when magnetic conditions were similar to those today, the new study’s authors show the South Atlantic Anomaly most likely won’t result in an excursion — a partial pole change that’s usually accompanied by a reduction in field strength — or even a full reversal. Phew!
Researchers say magnetic field anomalies, like the one occurring over Africa right now, happened in the distant past but didn't turn into full reversals or excursions.
In these scenarios, over the past tens of thousands of years, they explain, anomalies like we’re seeing now usually resolved on their own, without major consequences. Sure, what’s happening now may seem unusual on the scale of centuries, but on the scale of millennia, they seem less strange. To reach this relieving conclusion, the authors examined other periods throughout Earth’s geological history in which similar weakening of the magnetic field showed up. In a couple notable instances, centered at 49 thousand years ago and 46 thousand years ago, anomalies appeared in Earth’s magnetic field, but they eventually resolved. The researchers say that our current conditions are close enough to these historical situations that we can safely say thiscurrent anomaly should resolve itself in a similar way.
“This suggests that the current weakened field will also recover without an extreme event such as an excursion or reversal,” write the study’s authors. Cue a wave of relief: If either of these events actually occurred, the consequences on Earth would be significant. While we don’t fully know what would happen, both events would likely affect satellite communications, animal migration, and our level of protection from solar winds. Most noticeably, our compass needles will point to Antarctica as “north.”
Of course, these events happen over thousands of years, so we can’t yet say for sure whether they’re right. But if geological history is any indication, we’re better off worrying about other more probable causes of our demise.
Nonetheless, the South Atlantic Anomaly has caused communication issues for satellites that pass through it, so even if a reversal or excursion probably won’t kill us, we’ll need to deal in some way with the strange reality of a changing magnetic field.
Mysterious light captured in China is not extraterrestrial spaceship
Mysterious light captured in China is not extraterrestrial spaceship
The mysterious light was spotted over several cities in China, cities, including Beijing, Taiyuan, Zhengzhou, and Qingdao. Baffled residents believed that the light could be UFO or extraterrestrial spaceship, but Chinese Academy of Science clarified saying it's neither of them.
A beam of mysterious light spotted over several parts in China baffled residents with some claiming that it could be a UFO or extraterrestrial spaceship. However, Chinese Academy of Science has clarified dismissed the claim that it is a UFO and said it is noctilucent contrail caused by an aircraft.
The mysterious light spotted Friday, April 27, created a buzz on Chinese social media platforms. Photos and videos of the light over Beijing went viral. Residents were confused and some even joked that it could be a massive torch.
"Bizarre scene appeared in the sky over Beijing. Have you seen it?," a post on Chinese social media Weibo read. The post, which was shared by the user the Beijing things Beijing people don't know, also had several photos of the mysterious light.
Another user, hang kong wu yu, took to Weibo to say that the light was observed in several cities, including Beijing, Taiyuan, Zhengzhou, and Qingdao.
Beijing Evening News had initially reported that the light could have been caused by the launch of a Beidou satellite. The launch happened Friday in Taiyuan city. And now People's Daily China has clarified that the UFO seen over the night sky in Beijing was nothing but a noctilucent contrail.
"The alleged "#UFO" seen in the sky above northern China on Friday evening was a noctilucent contrail, possibly caused by aircraft engine exhaust or air pressure changes, says the Chinese Academy of Science, warning the clouds as a sign of #globalwarming," the tweet reads.
Last December, a similar incident was recorded on camera in the US when SpaceX rocket was launched. Residents of Southern California and Arizona were baffled by the mysterious light over the sky. It was later revealed that the light was caused because of the launch of SpaceX rocket.
People's Daily,China✔@PDChina
ET, is that you? A #mysterious light was seen Friday night by many residents in different northern Chinese cities, leading some to speculate about a possible extraterrestrial spaceship sighting, although the cause is still being investigated pic.twitter.com/FTPEEdn7hx
People's Daily,China✔@PDChina
The alleged "#UFO" seen in the sky above northern China on Friday evening was a noctilucent contrail, possibly caused by aircraft engine exhaust or air pressure changes, says the Chinese Academy of Science, warning the clouds as a sign of #globalwarmingpic.twitter.com/QJrgnuJRdO
Unlike in the USA where secret government cover-ups are responsible for creating hit TV shows, UFO conspiracies aren't popular in China. And yet, when UFOs do suddenly appear in the Celestial Kingdom as they did Friday night, a distinct lack of official information has made the unlikely existence of "little green men" to be the most comforting possibility to hope for.
The unidentified flying object appeared over Western Beijing and throughout parts of northeastern China Friday night and was witnessed by multiple residents.
Photos and videos (1, 2) of the UFO show a bright cone-shaped funnel leading a cork-screw "tail" behind it. The light was seen shining downward, then sharply altered course, and then finally disappeared.
Although it was widely seen, not much is actually known about it. With no official reports explaining the phenomenon, we're left with just a few facts that we can be sure of.
According to Yu Jun, editor-in-chief of the Guokr science website, we know the object was located high up in the atmosphere since it was seen across a wide area below. Because of its high altitude, the object was illuminated by sunlight that reached beyond the Earth's shadow.
And yet, further facts only serve to obfuscate the UFO's true nature.
With no launches made from the Taiyuan rocket center in Shanxi last night, it's not likely that the UFO was a satellite launch especially when considering its acute change in trajectory, said Yu. Additionally, online conjecture that this was a Beidou satellite can be ruled out since they are exclusively launched from the Xichang satellite launch center located in Western Sichuan province, reported the Beijing News.
With no official word from Chinese state media to explain last night's UFO, it wouldn't be right to make any baseless speculations. And yet, with China's airspace so highly restricted, it's not likely for this thing to be there unless it was authorized.
What does it all mean? We don't know, but if it turns out to be aliens who have come to Earth to perform their annual anal probe tests, then we can relax. After all, flying saucers are the least of Beijinger's worries when it comes to the city's list of airborne threats that include air pollution, sandstorms, flying catkins, and killer bees.
The Mutual UFO Network, or MUFON, is an all-volunteer organization dedicated to investigating unidentified flying objects (UFOs) in all 50 states and more than 40 countries through a decentralized network of state chapters and local field investigators. While the organization’s mission is promoting UFO research and discovering “the true nature of the phenomenon,” the most hoped for scenario is, of course, extraterrestrial first contact (unless government Disclosure comes first). Imagine an alien race finally comes to Earth and this is the man they meet.
The Facebook post by MUFON's former State Director for Pennsylvania that prompted outrage and resignations.
JOHN VENTRE / FACEBOOK
That’s John Ventre. He was, until recently, MUFON State Director for Pennsylvania and oversaw field investigations of the most compelling of the state’s approximately 600 annual UFO sightings. You may have seen him on History Channel's UFO Hunters or Anderson Live. Ventre wrote this on his personal Facebook page in response to a post from a popular alt-right account characterizing Netflix’s Dear White People as promoting “white genocide.” He railed against affirmative action and interracial couples.
“Everything this world is was created by Europeans and Americans,” Ventre said in the post. “F’ing blacks didn’t even have a calendar, a wheel or a numbering system until the Brits showed up.” He further alluded to pseudoscientific race science, which has found purchase in the mainstream right, spread by prominent conservative think tank figures like Charles Murray, who wields unjustified extrapolations from existing IQ data to argue against improving living standards for the poor.
Ventre’s comments have kicked off a wave of anger and resignations across MUFON, most recently UFO researcher Dr. Chris Cogswell.
Cogswell was named Director of Research for MUFON in January, but announced his resignation from the organization on Twitter in April. “When I first joined MUFON, taking on the Director of Research position, I believed this issue [with Ventre] had been dealt with,” Cogswell said. But on April 13, Cogswell learned of Ventre’s “continued role within MUFON as an active member” after Ventre emailed him about preparations for the 2018 MUFON Symposium in Cherry Hill, NJ. “Within six hours of finding out I had resigned. My internal conscience would not let me continue,” he said.
MUFON boasts nearly 4,000 members and 500 investigators across a coalition of just-the-facts data collectors, alien abductees, far-thinking engineers, conspiracy theorists, ancient alien pseudohistorians, religious visionaries and ufology enthusiasts of every possible stripe. If MUFON is successful, who would the first aliens actually meet? An organization representative of the full spectrum of human experience, or a club of aging white men?
It’s a question MUFON is currently struggling to answer, with Ventre’s post a crisis point in the organization’s ongoing evolution.
MUFON Executive Director Jan Harzan initially responded to Ventre’s post in a since-deleted message to the MUFON News page, disclaiming the organization’s responsibility for a Facebook comment “many found offensive.” Instead of condemning Ventre’s words, Harzan blamed the controversy on “the new social media world we now live in” and called for an open dialogue, writing, “There is no justice in hate, no matter what side of the fence you are on. On that we can all agree.”
MUFON Executive Director Jan Harzan's response to the Ventre post, since deleted.
MUFON
After a deluge of angry responses, punctuated with pushback from MUFON Director of Communications Roger Marsh—who, in between arguing in the comments “white supremacist” is a “pretty heavy label” for Ventre, instead pointed out Ventre’s “real” personality defects, including “serving cheap food at his mansion”—MUFON deleted the post and comment field. Harzan’s rhetorical question, “Who is worse, the persons posting, or the haters hating?” is still derisively cited by UFO bloggers.
Director of Communications Roger Marsh, making a rambling defense of Ventre in the comments beneath MUFON's first response.
MUFON
“It’s almost comical, in a field where there’s so much leeway given to extreme out-of-the-blue, wacky ideas, you would still think there would be kind of a baseline of, well, this is right or wrong,” Cogswell told Newsweek.
Another professed goal of MUFON is applying their UFO research toward “improving life on our planet.” According to Harzan, meaningful UFO discoveries and disclosures could mean we’re only “20-30 years from being out in space, like Star Trek.” But Star Trek is more than spaceships, it’s also an egalitarian ideal.
Scientific optimism has always been a key component of ufology and MUFON's mission.
"AMAZING STORIES" MAGAZINE, ZIFF-DAVIS PUBLISHING CO. / PUBLIC DOMAIN
“I felt justified because you’re talking about a hate crime of white genocide and I blasted black culture. I apologized the next day,” Ventre told Newsweek, alluding to a since-deleted apology also made to his Facebook page. Comparing the possibility of white genocide to The Purge, Ventre professed to be unaware of the term’s origins in neo-Nazism as reference to a demographic decline white supremacist groups use to portray prejudice as self-defense, guarding the white race against multiculturalism.
“I don’t hate anybody, I apologized for what I said. It was in a fit of anger, it was one time in my entire life,” Ventre said, mentioning his multiracial grandson and a black man from his gym for whom he arranged a job interview. “I’m feeling like because I’m a 60-year-old white man I’m getting totally unfairly attacked here.”
By the end of May 2017, Ventre was removed from his state directorship, but MUFON’s response didn’t stop a wave of researchers from distancing themselves. In July, board member and Washington State Director James Clarkson stepped down, citing both Ventre’s post and MUFON’s association with deep-pocketed donors like J.Z. Knight.
Knight preaches to tens of thousands of followers through her Lemurian warrior persona Ramtha, a 35,000-year-old spirit who leads “spiritual drinking games” while accusing Jewish people of paying their way out of the gas chambers and disparaging Mexicans, homosexuals and “organic farmers.” Like Knight, Ventre was also a high-tier “Inner Circle” donor to MUFON.
“Remaining in MUFON in any capacity is morally unacceptable,” former MUFON State Director James Clarkson.
Asked for comment after the Cogswell resignation, Clarkson told Newsweek, “There are many excellent state organizations, but money and power have corrupted the top. Same old story.”
Current and former MUFON members, including Cogswell, have described Ventre’s ongoing involvement in the Pennsylvania chapter. Despite the events of last year he continues to serve as a treasurer and conference coordinator, albeit without a title. Ventre denied having an official position, but clarified both his ongoing involvement in planning the Symposium and day-to-day operations. “People ask me questions, I help them. I’m helping Jan [Harzan, Executive Director] with the Symposium. I wanted him to know I am friends with all these people,” he said. “Nothing locally has changed for me.”
Harzan disputes that characterization. “He’s strictly a volunteer, he attends the local chapter meeting and he volunteers his time,” he said.
“It wasn’t a condemnation. It was a demotion,” UFO researcher and author of Somewhere in the Skies Ryan Sprague told Newsweek. “It’s clear that there’s a problem. And that problem stretches beyond one man’s racist rants.”
Even a cursory look around MUFON reveals views similar to Ventre’s. Steve Hudgeons Jr., MUFON’s Director of Investigations, has shared hundreds of far-right memes on his own Facebook page with anti-immigrant, anti-trans and anti-Muslim sentiments.
“I think some people in their minds have this view of old hippies with crystals," former MUFON Director of Research Dr. Chris Cogswell.
“Demographically, in my experience, MUFON is old; 55 and up for sure,” Cogswell said. "There is a pretty good percentage of ex-military, ex-law enforcement people who are very serious about this investigation stuff.” This can lead to radically different approaches for how UFO sightings are investigated or perceived. Where Ventre sees occult connections, citing alien abductions interrupted by the abductee calling upon Jesus, Cogswell might argue for a more data-driven approach. “Wouldn’t it be great if in five years Ancient Aliens was off TV and we had more serious investigations?” he asked.
The combination of demographicslikely to align with far-right viewpoints, and the overlap between UFO researchers and conspiracy theorists, produces an environment that Sprague and others argue can be toxic to minorities.
“MUFON is composed of civilian researchers and investigators from all around the country and in all walks of life,” Sprague says. “But when remarks such as Ventre’s become public, it is extremely disheartening to know someone like that is in a position to work directly with ethnically diverse and often vulnerable witnesses of UFO events.”
Racism isn’t the only outcome of MUFON’s disinterest in combating prejudice. Erica Lukes, former MUFON State Director for Utah, describes an organization unwilling to adequately address sexual harassment. (Harzan told Newsweek MUFON has a sexual harassment policy for the Symposium and other conferences, but it's not available online).
In 2016, Lukes appeared on California MUFON Radio, hosted by Lorien Fenton, to discuss both her particular experiences and the wider issue of sexism within ufology. “One of the things that I really feel there’s a big disconnect in MUFON and in ufology, totally together, is the fact that women out there can be very vulnerable at all these events,” Fenton said in discussion with Lukes. MUFON leadership quickly objected to how the organization was characterized.
When Lukes, who also has a radio show, shared her intention to have Fenton as a guest the backlash intensified. An investigator with MUFON’s rapid-response Star Team called her to unleash a barrage of abuse. “He proceeded to call me ‘a fucking whore,’” Lukes said.
Lukes reported the abuse to MUFON’s board, including Harzan and Marsh. “I was crying, this was very awkward for me, but they refused to take any action even though this was a person representing MUFON and I was a State Director.”
“It is a male-dominated field, but that doesn’t mean anybody should be subject to that kind of abuse and bullying, especially when an organization exists like MUFON to set the standard,” Lukes said. She ultimately left MUFON and founded her own organization called Unexplained Utah. “This situation is demeaning and demoralizing. We have to get more women involved and we have to see more women in the field.”
Members of MUFON and the wider ufology community are united by incidents both mysterious and beautiful, sometimes frightening. Almost everyone contacted for this article had stories of ineffable encounters that changed the course of their lives. In Utah, Erica Lukes saw orange orbs of light hovering along a ridgeline, breaking apart or melding like cells on a slide. UFO researcher and co-founder of KGRA Radio Lorin Cutts described to me a craft hovering above him on a railway station platform, causing dogs to bark and projecting a heat he could feel on his face.
A model of the UFO that crashed in Kecksburg, PA, created for an episode of "Unsolved Mysteries."
Many shared cases that stuck with them, using shorthand like Kecksburg, or even citing MUFON case numbers, like Case #74282, the Canadian Barbell UFOs. Harzan called it “one of the best cases I’ve personally seen in 30 years.” Lukes described her investigation of American Airlines Flight 434, pilots of which saw a mysterious object over Utah. But a shared sense of awe and curiosity only has so muchpower to unite. If MUFON hopes to be a unifying organization, one ready for whatever strange future comes our way, iit will have to first secure a baseline of dignity and safety for all its members.
Last year’s news that the Pentagon was running a secret $22 million-dollar UFO program took the UFO community by storm. It turns out that the New York Times article which broke the story, and Tom DeLonge’s To the Stars UFO project, seems to have gotten one key fact wrong; the name of the program itself.
The UFO research community has become quite excited and agitated in the last few days over a recent revelation made by UFO researcher Paul Dean.
According to Dean, he was contacted by an anonymous tipster in “a senior defence program leadership role” who aided him in discovering that the now infamous Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP), the famous $22 million-dollar UFO hunting Pentagon program, is a loose in-house ad hoc term, and actually part of a larger military program aimed at the study of advanced weaponry. In other words, there is no formal AATIP.
Dean learned that the actual name of the program, of which AATIP was a part, is the Advanced Aerospace Weapons Systems Application Program (AAWSAP). Why does this matter? It turns out that after the original story broke, hundreds of Freedom of Information Act requests were made seeking information on AATIP. However, since there formally is no AATIP, those FOIA requests began to come back with letters stating that no information existed regarding the program. This all begs one question. How did the New York Times and DeLonge’s To the StarsAcademy (TTSA) get this wrong?
I asked Dean what he thought about such an error in reporting,
Whether the New York Times was told about the original name, being Advanced Aerospace Weapons Systems Application Program, but evidently chose not to publish it, is unknown to me.
Researcher Roger Glassel has attempted, on several occasions, to contact To the Stars and the writers of the New York Time’s article concerning their documentation for the UFO information and videos they’ve released so far. A critical concern his article raises is that neither To the Stars, nor the writers of the NYT article, seem interested in sharing the paperwork used to gain access to their information.
Furthermore, Glassel points out the obvious elephant (or UFO) in the room. If the Department of Defence did release these videos to DeLonge’s To the Stars Academy via FOIA requests, then has To the Stars been lying about the program’s name the entire time? Or, if To the Stars was truly looking under the AATIP rock, it would have found nothing, so where are these videos coming from?
Dean has similar concerns. When To the Stars released its three videos, the so-called “Tic-Tac” video, the “Gimbal” footage, and the “Go-Fast” video (above), it did not release how it managed to gain access to this information. Dean writes,
…the manner of how these audio-visual records were declassified, processed, released, whatever has been open to some debate.
However, according to Dean’s anonymous contact, the Department of Defense did release the footage, and that To the Stars’ employee and former intelligence man, Luis Elizondo, did use FOIA documents to gain access to the videos and be able to publicly release them. Strangely, the Department of Defense has been rather coy regarding the release of these videos and has denied releasing them. Dean’s contact stated that somehow “corners were cut” and the DoD’s Public Affairs people had their “noses put out of joint” because of it. Perhaps the individual or individuals within To the Stars who asked for this information were able to sidestep a few hurdles due to their connections?
…although it could be partially true, nothing is ‘official’ yet — and at the root — only muddies the water, it does not help to clean it up.
Dean himself has stated that he is reserving judgment for now and waiting for more information to arrive via his most recent batch of FOIA requests seeking information on AAWSAP. This has not stopped the Ufological speculation mill to already begin grinding out some wild rumours.
Some researchers are claiming that the program was not named purposefully due to some wild conspiracy, suggesting that the various high-level players in To the Stars are engaged in an active disinformation campaign, similar to the infamous MJ-12 documents or the counter-intelligence operation run by the Air Force and intelligence agent Richard Doty. Others are claiming that To the Stars wants to have a complete hold on the information and keeping the program’s name quiet would allow for them to ensure only they can access the data.
Regardless of where one stands, the only thing anyone can agree on is that the UFO community seems to thrive on the chaotic nature of the enigma. On forums and social media platforms, Ufological charges of conspiracy and hidden agendas are already being laid, and lines of allegiance seem to be forming. UFO “experts” and “gurus” are already posting their personal stance on the matter. Various UFO podcasts and radio shows are already covering the story, often spinning their speculative yarn without any real data or evidence. It just feels good to pick a side and yell. Conclusions are already being made and the evidence has yet to be totally presented. Indeed, Dean and Glassel have found a skeleton in a closet, but no one actually knows who owns the closet, nor the identity of the dead guy inside it. This will require some detective work and plenty of patience and diligence.
As for Paul Dean, he will let those overzealous UFO pundits duke it out while he patiently and diligently checks his mailbox on a daily basis. Only time will tell if his anonymous source is right, and if he is, you can guess how the UFO community will react.
At the end of the day, there is only one way to really establish the truth behind this confusing acronymic swap. When you make an FOIA request, make sure you ask for the #1 Ufologist recommended brand of exotic military grade weaponry research, the Advanced Aerospace Weapons Systems Application Program.
Over at his UFO Conjectures blog, Rich Reynolds has a new article titled “It’s time to eliminate the term ‘ufology.'” Rich says: “Like a lot of past ‘ologies’ – astrology, graphology, demonology, et al. – ufology has served its purpose, as the identifier of an interest, by dolts, in UFOs. It’s time to deep six the sobriquet.” Basically, Rich suggests that we should do away with the term “Ufology.” Well, he does admittedly have a point.
It’s doubtful that the term “Ufology” (and “UFO” too) will completely vanish from popular culture anytime soon. But, it wouldn’t be a bad thing to revamp things. After all, Ufology is, in essence, the study of unidentified flying objects. But, no-one can doubt that the subject encompasses much more than that. And, many of those “other things” have very little to do with what passes for mainstream Ufology. If (unlike me) you are an adherent of the theory (and a theory is all it is) that all we are dealing with is metal ships from another solar-system then, yes, Ufology is not a bad term to use. But, there is far more to Ufology than just an alien equivalent of NASA paying us occasional visits. I’ll explain what I mean.
Like it or like it not, Ufology encompasses a lot of things that the very old guard (in particular) squirm about when it comes to matters relative to UFOs. I often see such squirming when I’m lecturing on the Men in Black phenomenon. For example, there are cases of MIB turning up not when people have seen a UFO, but when they have been dabbling with Ouija-boards. There are cases where the MIB won’t enter a person’s home until they are invited in (shades of vampire legends). And witnesses report falling sick after being in close proximity to the MIB. Time and again I have had people tell me that the MIB are from “the government.” They’re not. But, for those who fly the flag of Ufology, the “secret agent” angle sits well in what passes for Ufology, and has done so for decades. But, I can say for sure, issues relative to vampire parallels and Ouija-boards don’t sit well with a lot of people who like the “U word.” Why? Such issues embarrass and annoy them. Too bad.
What about synchronicities? I get a lot of them, some very weird, and often in relation to the UFO phenomenon. How about those alien abductees who have apocalyptic dreams of the future? Again, I have seen well-known UFO researchers – usually those who got into the scene in the 1960s and 1970s- get embarrassed and defensive when it comes to issues that border on the supernatural. Why? Again, because it doesn’t go down well with what they want Ufology to be – and what it implies. And, also how it impacts on them as ufologists too.
Of course, there’s also the tiresome ego angle to deal with. I have seen more than a few saucer-seekers loudly and pompously state that they are Ufologists – solely because they like being in a scene which allows them to be part of an “ology” and to be an “ologist.” Just like an archaeologist or a biologist. Well, no actually, not at all. Being someone who investigates UFO cases (and that includes me) does not make a person an “ologist.” It makes us people who investigate weird shit.
It’s much the same with Cryptozoology. Yes, it may be exciting for some to scream “I’m a cryptozoologist!”(I’m sure I’ve done that a few times…) But, really, people like me are – in the eyes of many – monster-hunters, and I don’t have a problem with that term. As I know, though, there are some in the field of strange creatures who won’t touch the term, “monster hunter.” Nope. They need that “ology/ologist” fix, and particularly so when dealing with the media.
I don’t think it’s absolutely vital for the word “Ufology” to be replaced with another one. But, I do think something else might rid us of some of the pomposity in the field, which would not be a bad thing at all. And that something just might allow the scene to expand further into alternative realms of research and not be so tied to just the word “UFO.”
At 8:30 pm on January 23, 1974, a number of people living near the Berwyn mountains in the north of Wales reported seeing a UFO. A fireball streaked across the sky, appearing to crash into the mountains. This was immediately followed by a loud boom and shaking of the earth, leading witnesses to reasonably assume the sound had come from the fireball that, only seconds earlier, looked like it was about to cause a very loud noise in the Welsh countryside. An RAF team was dispatched to investigate and official reports indicate that they found no crash site of any sort—in stark contrast to the Gwynedd police department whose recorded logs mention “a large explosion in the area and a large fire in the mountainside.”
In 2010, official Ministry of Defense documents were released that many news outlets claimed disproved any claims of UFO sightings. The official explanation: a meteorite burning up in the atmosphere happening, coincidentally, at the exact same time as a probable earthquake or landslide. That’s a doozy of a coincidence. Also, the “large fire” was actually just the flashlights of poachers in the mountains.
Unsurprisingly, many were unconvinced of this official explanation, and a new piece of the mystery has reportedly just surfaced. UFO researcher Russ Kellet has just released a maphe says was given to him by five witnesses on which they recorded the flight path of the “flying saucer” and the subsequent flight path of RAF jets chasing after it.
Meteors are common. Meteors happening at the same time as unreported earthquakes are less common.
According to Russ Kellett, the five friends, four of whom served together in World War Two, jumped into a car and raced to the mountains after the UFO came down:
“The five saw a strange object and got out to have a look, but the military were there and told them to leave. They moved to a better position and started to take photos.”
It’s unclear if Kellett means that they photographed the “strange object” or if they were taking photographs to accurately mark the area on the map where the UFO came down. So far no photographs have been released alongside the flight path map.
Kellett says he was given the map after a talk he gave on the Berwyn mountain UFO incident “around the late 1990’s, or early 2000’s.” According to Kellet:
It was very strange and I was a little bit spooked. I’ve carried the map around for a long time as part of my research. ‘I’m getting older now and just wanted to put it out there to see what people make of it and if there was anybody else who could shed light on what happened.
The Berwyn mountain range where the alleged UFO crash took place.
The Berwyn mountain incident has not gotten less mysterious with age. The strange thing about the “Welsh Roswell” UFO sighting is the sheer number of inconsistencies between the official report and witness reports, including the official logs of the Gwynedd police. According to the Ministry of Defense, the RAF search and rescue team that was scrambled in response found no sign of wreckage and concluded that no impact ever occurred. Strange then, that multiple witnesses and a police log reported a fire on the mountainside at the exact time and location of the nonexistent impact. If Kellett is to be believed, too, the five responsible for the map witnessed a much more in depth investigation of the mountain, including seeing a “strange object.”
Also odd is the conclusion that, although none was recorded, the sound and shaking reported was definitely due to an earth tremor or landslide that happened at the exact same time as the UFO came down. Ministry of Defense investigations also report five other UFO sightings around 10pm that same night.
Without jumping to conclusions—if the MoD is, indeed, being shady about this, it could easily have been a crashed military plane and not necessarily an alien spacecraft—it seems safe to say, that despite the best efforts to curb public speculation, the Berwyn Mountains incident remains a mystery 45 years later.
I found an alien city (non reflective black material) inside a what looks like a crater, but is actually alien made to hide it. At the center of the city is a glowing orb. The city is made of massive black tunnels the move in every direction but they very in size from 2km wide to a few hundred meters wide. Below this mass of black structures is more of the city, which is sealed underground. Ever hear the story of Atlantis and how at the center of the city was a great diamond which was the power source for the entire culture? Perhaps Atlantis never sank, but instead flew to another planet, where we see it now. Scott C. Waring
Friday night on "Ancient Aliens," Podesta very seriously reflected on the Clinton campaign’s pro-alien declassification platform.(Andrew Harrer/Via Bloomberg)
Hillay Clinton’s campaign chairman was on cable television Friday night peddling conspiracy theories about extraterrestrial life forms, and nobody seems to have noticed.
In fairness, I didn’t really believe it until I saw it either. But there he was, John Podesta, speaking gravely over a foreboding soundtrack, lending his very earnest insights to “Ancient Aliens” on The History Channel. (Don’t tell Sen. Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa).
Podesta has long been in avid pursuitof the truth about UFOs, memorably reassuringthe public during Clinton’s 2016 campaign he’d “convinced her that we need an effort to kind of go look at that and declassify as much as we can, so that people have their legitimate questions answered.”
John Podesta✔@johnpodesta
Tune in to The History Channel tonight at 9pm ET for the season premiere of Ancient Aliens #TheTruthIsOutThere
And so it came to be, this former White House chief of staff and counselor to the president sat before “Ancient Aliens” cameras and unloaded enigmatic observations like, “The government seems to be completely unaccountable to the American public,” and “I've had a number of members of Congress, members of the U.S. Senate say to me, ‘Keep going at this. I'm really interested in it, but I can't say anything about it.’"
Behold this surreal exchange, wherein Podesta very seriously reflects on the Clinton campaign’s pro-alien declassification platform.
NARRATOR: Clinton's campaign chairman, John Podesta, is well-known for his interest in UFO and extraterrestrial encounters, and according to him, so is she.
PODESTA: Secretary Clinton, likewise, was also kind of interested in the topic, and during the course of the campaign said that, if elected, she would have ordered a more thorough declassification review …
NARRATOR: Many believe that had Clinton won, there would have been a seismic shift from the government's long-held policy of secrecy concerning UFO investigations to a new policy of full disclosure.
PODESTA: The system of regulation that creates our secrecy system — what's top secret, what's confidential, these lower levels of classification — that's regulated and has been since the Truman administration by executive order of the president. The president sets forward the general rules of classification, and some presidents have been more forthcoming, wanted less secrecy, some have tightened the reins and wanted more secrecy. It makes a difference.
That provided an opening for another of the episode’s commentators to claim, “The CIA and the Pentagon, they were worried about Hillary Clinton, Secretary Clinton, all the statements she was making, winning the presidency, and going to the Pentagon and basically saying, ‘You are going to give me the information I need to disclose the extraterrestrial presence or I’m gonna fire every single one of you.’”
Which, in turn, set up another expert nicely to insist with dramatic flair: “John Podesta was trying to get ready to open up that we're not alone in the universe. All of that crashed when a different person became president of the United States.”
“November 8, 2016: Donald Trump was elected as America's next president,” the History Channel’s narrator intones. “There would be no disclosure of the secret UFO files.”
So, was Trump’s election really secured by scheming puppetmasters in Russia? Or were those strings perhaps pulled from a little further out of this world by aliens hoping to shield their species from exposure to our planet at this strange moment in time?
"James Cameron's Story of Sci-Fi" launches tonight on AMC at 10 PM Eastern. The first episode of this six-part series focuses on aliens and how they've been portrayed in science fiction.
Here in the real world, scientists have spent more than a half-century actively listening to the sky and searching for E.T. This is their story.
“Are we alone in the universe?”
Humans have been pondering this question since medieval times, and probably long before. But for most of history, people had little more than low-tech telescopes and highly active imaginations with which to explore the idea that there’s life out there in the cosmos. Not anymore.
“After a millennia of asking the priests and philosophers what we should believe about life somewhere else, we suddenly have the tools,” Jill Tarter told Popular Mechanics. “We can explore instead of believe.”
As the former director of the Center for SETI Research at the SETI Institute, Tarter has led the painstaking search for life beyond Earth. Even though such a discovery would deeply transform society as we know it, SETI operates on a shoestring budget.
"It has had this... 'giggle factor,’” says Stephen Garber, a policy analyst in the NASA History Division and author of severalreports about NASA’s decades-long flirtation with SETI. “It [gained] this bad reputation...It was...an uphill battle for members of Congress to think it was a worthwhile science."
Of course, great scientists throughout history have been ignored, disregarded, and laughed at while trying to find answers to humanity's greatest questions. Will SETI scientists fine their vindication?
The Search Begins
Astronomer and SETI founder Frank Drake (middle) at the National Radio Observatory in Green Bank, West Virginia.
GETTY IMAGESMICHAEL ROUGIER/THE LIFE PICTURE COLLECTION
In 1960, 29-year-old radio astronomer Frank Drake at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory in Green Bank, West Virginia, lead humanity’s first organized search for interstellar radio transmissions. Fulfilling a dream he had since he was an eight-year-old living in Chicago, Drake pointed the observatory’s 85-foot radio telescope at two far-flung stars—Tau Ceti in the constellation Cetus and Epsilon Eridani in the constellation Eridanus. These stars are some 66 trillion miles away from Earth and about the same age as our sun. He called it Project Ozma, in honor of the fictional queen of Oz.
For six hours a day over the next two months, Drake and his team listened on a single frequency (1420 MHz) for signs of intelligent life. The hope was to hear a succession of uniform pulses or perhaps a numbering system, like a series of prime numbers. And, early on, they did.
FOR SIX HOURS A DAY AND OVER THE NEXT TWO MONTHS ON A SINGLE FREQUENCY, DRAKE AND HIS TEAM LISTENED FOR SIGNS OF INTELLIGENT LIFE.
The team stumbled across a strong, periodic, pulsating signal. Excited, they investigated further, but discovered that the signal was actually Earth-based, thought at an altitude thought impossible for modern aircraft to reach. Soon the rest of the world discovered what Drake and his team had heard—a U-2 spy plane had been shot down by the Soviet Union.
Undeterred, Drake still pondered the otherworldly. Using this first experiment and a few other calculations, Drake conjured a formula for figuring out the likelihood of intelligent extraterrestrial life contacting Earth. He called it the Drake Equation.
Drake's famous formula takes the number of stars born per year in the Milky Way that could conceivably host life-sustaining worlds, and multiples that by variety of factors including the fraction of stars that could have planets, the conditions for life, and the probability that the society is advanced enough to communicate beyond its own planet. Finally, that number is multiplied by a predicted average lifetime of advanced societies.
Drake’s equation.
UNIVESITY OF ROCHESTER
Drake admitted later that he was amazed that the equation became “one of the great icons of science because it didn’t take any deep intellectual effort or insight on my part.” His intention was simply to take a big idea and boil it down so that even beginners could understand what’s required to create advanced lifeforms.
Nonetheless, Drake concluded that more than 10,000 societies brimmed with intelligent life and were capable of reaching out to Earth. “[Drake’s estimate] of 10,000 galactic communicative societies is just as good today as it was in 1961,” says Seth Shostak, senior astronomer at the SETI Institute and author of the book Confessions of an Alien Hunter. “We still can’t make an [exact] calculation, [but it’s] an informed guess.”
NASA Joins the Hunt
The Australian Parkes telescope, an instrumental telescope during the NASA Apollo 11 mission.
SETI INSTITUTE
Around the same time, Giuseppe Cocconi and Philip Morrison from Cornell University theorized that aliens would contact us via electromagnetic waves and over the frequency of 1420 MHz. The reason: That is the emission frequency of hydrogen, which, as any advanced species would know, is the most abundant element in the universe. The hydrogen hypothesis was just the beginning of a flood of ideas about how to find E.T.
In 1966, astrophysicist Carl Sagan speculated in his book Intelligent Life in the Universe that perhaps extraterrestrials had already come to Earth at some point in the planet’s history. Then five years later, during the apex of Apollo mania, NASA published the fateful Project Cyclops report.
Led by John Billingham and Bernard Oliver, the report laid out a bold and ambitious plan about how public funding could greatly enhance the search for intelligent life in the cosmos. One of the most prominent recommendations was doing away with big, self-contained radio telescopes and replacing with an array of radio telescopes in order to increase the total collecting area and thereby improve the sensitivity. A large number of small antennas not only cost less than one big one, but could be configured to look at many different spots in the sky simultaneously.
The report also offered that while 1420 MHz was perhaps the most likely frequency to meet our cosmic neighbors, it wasn’t the only place that a signal could be heard. It suggested stretching the search from 1000 MHz to 10,000 MHz with particular attention being paid to 1420 MHz to 1666 MHz, where the neutral form of hydroxyl radiates. This area on the dial that was coined the “water hole” due to the abundance of hydrogen and hydroxl—which together make water.
In the end, Project Cyclops never came to be. While the report did recommend starting with “minimum systems” and making additions until making contact or “until a new and superior technology was discovered,” the grand ambitions and the hefty price tag—with estimates reaching between $6 to $10 billion—were too much for Congress to approve.
“HERE WAS AN OLD QUESTION THAT HUMANITY HAD BEEN ASKING FOREVER AND I WAS IN THE RIGHT PLACE AND HAD THE RIGHT SKILLS.”
The report admits that there needed to be immense buy-in to make the project worthwhile, “to justify such an effort, which may require billions of dollars and decades of time, we must truly believe that other intelligent life exists and that contact with it would be enormously stimulating and beneficial to mankind.”
Regardless of its demise, Project Cyclops became a sacred text for those who truly believed in SETI. Tarter read the report while she was a graduate student at Berkeley. She was a computer programmer at the time and was the only one who knew how to program the PDP-8, the outdated computer that analyzed voltage signals from Berkeley's telescope at Hat Creek, a telescope in search for anything that’s particularly non-human.
Reading the report would change her life.
“Here was an old question that humanity had been asking forever and I was in the right place and had the right skills,” says Tarter, who also got her PhD in astrophysics, “this was a big question I could work on... and maybe help find an answer, too.”
SETI as Science
Arecibo observatory in Puerto Rico.
SETI INSTITUTE
While denied billions of dollars to extend humanity's search in the galaxy, Project Cyclops showed that there was an appetite for government-funded SETI research. By the late 1970s, NASA’s Ames Research Center and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena both had established SETI programs. Tarter worked on these programs and but the Cold War UFO craze made things difficult.
“Our early years... were dedicated to distancing ourselves from that pseudoscience,” says Tarter, “and showing that this was a rigorous scientific exploration.” They did this by simply approaching it the way it would have for any other science: writing lots of papers, proposals, giving presentations, and lobbying to be in prestigious reports.
This included the 1977 “Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence” report, written by many who were involved in Project Cyclops, in which it attempts to persuade the world that SETI was timely, feasible, prudent, and could be done at a lower cost (though it never proposes even an estimated dollar amount). The report even threw in some red terror by highlighting the advances the Soviets were making in the field, a powerful political motivator at the time.
Jill Tarter, project scientist at NASA’s Ames Research Center, stands on the Arecibo Complex in Puerto Rico, 1992.
GETTY IMAGESACEY HARPER
NASA reports also advocated for “the search for extraterrestrial intelligence [to] be supported and continued at a modest level as a long-term NASA research program.” While not government supported, much attention was paid to Sagan and Drake's 1974 collaborative effort to send out a binary message to our possible cosmic pals using the Arecibo Observatory telescope in Puerto Rico, at the time the world's largest single-aperture telescope.
Tarter says it took awhile, but due to these projects they eventually had enough support from outside of the government to establish the non-profit SETI Institute in late 1984 with Tarter was one of its founders.
“Suddenly, all of this money was freed up to actually do science, build instruments, and figure out how to observe,” says Tarter. At the same time, the Planetary Society, co-founded by Carl Sagan, also began listening to the sky, not to mention many other teams doing the same across the world.
In 1988, NASA headquarters formally endorsed SETI research and, with an increase in federal funding, started building out needed hardware and training. It culminated in the 1992 Columbus Day announcement of a ten-year, $100-million SETI program called “High-Resolution Microwave Survey," which would focus on targeted searching and all-sky surveying.
While this was certainly a win for scientists, Congress wasn’t so happy. During the 1991 budget debate, Congressmen Silvio Conte made the case for all of those who didn’t want to believe. “We cannot spend money on curiosity today when we have a deficit,” the Congressman said, saying one could spend “75 cents to buy a tabloid [with reports of aliens] at the local supermarket.”
“WE CANNOT SPEND MONEY ON CURIOSITY TODAY WHEN WE HAVE A DEFICIT.”
Two years later, Congress cut off federal funding of SETI. On September 22, 1993, Senator Richard Bryan proposed a last-minute amendment to kill the agreed-upon $100 million program, saying SETI had not yet found any evidence of extraterrestrial intelligence and there was no guarantee they ever would. The money, he believed, was being wasted, and the majority of the Senate agreed.
“We’ve been able to be more aggressive and bold than we might have been,” says Tarter, relating how the cuts affected SETI. “[But] if we have had level and sustained funding over that period, we would have been able to attract the best and brightest of the younger generation.
"We might have had some breakthroughs that we haven’t.”
Narrowing the Search
Seth Shostak, senior astronomer at SETI.
NASA/DAVID C. BOWMAN
In the two plus decades since the split, privately-funded SETI programs have popped up across the country. While few in number, the SETI Institute, Harvard and Berkeley all have well-known programs. Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen funded the Allen Telescope Array at California's Hat Creek Radio Observatory, which went online in 2007, and internationally, China is also searching the skies.
“It’s actually a better way to do science so you all are not duplicating the same ideas others have,” says Shostak.
The biggest technological changes over the past few decades were faster equipment, more sensitive receivers, the increased importance of optical searching, and the ability to monitor millions of channels at once.
Shostak says SETI monitors about 70 million channels all at once, so if our extraterrestrial friends want to reach out, we have a better chance of hearing them.
"I BET EVERYBODY...THAT WE WOULD FIND INTELLIGENT LIFE WITHIN TWO DOZEN YEARS...NOT MICROBES. I’M TALKING ABOUT ALIENS."
It’s thanks to this improved tech as well as NASA’s help that we now know more about our potential cosmic neighbors. Although in an unofficial capacity, NASA has helped SETI discover more about our potential cosmic neighbors in the past 25 years. Although expected to run out of fuel in the next few months, the nine-year-old Kepler Mission successfully confirmed over 2,300 previously unknown planets in our galaxy. Thirty of those planets are potentially in the habitable zone, meaning they are similar size and in a temperature region where liquid water could pool on the surface.
In other words, those 30 planets could be candidates for intelligent life and are perfect targets for SETI’s radio telescopes. “These are all candidates,” says Shostak, “They are like lottery tickets. Most are bad, but maybe not all.” NASA’s newly launched TESS will continue where Kepler left off in an ongoing search for “Goldilocks” planets.
“I bet everybody...that we would find intelligent life within two dozen years," Shostak says. "Not microbes. I’m talking about aliens.”
But what exactly would first contact look like? Shostak says it would be nothing like what we see in the movies.
It would probably be in the form of a radio bleep or a narrow band signal coming from a star system. Anti-climatically, it would takes hours, if not days, for numerous tests to be run to confirm it was in fact legitimate. If the signal was determined to be extraterrestrial, we would probably immediately start looking for more.
The entire world would likely get involved, pooling equipment, expertise, and money to help with the search. NASA would get back into the SETI game overnight, and we would try to figure out if it was a message.
“It would be the biggest astronomical research project of all time,” he says.
For now, we appear to be alone in the universe, but the nature of scientific reason would suggest otherwise.
“If we are alone, then we are a miracle,” says Shostak. “That’s usually a assumption in science.”
AMC's Visionaries: James Cameron's Story of Science Fiction premieres Monday April 30 at 10/9c on AMC.
SACRIFICIAL STARE Discoveries at the site of the largest known mass sacrifice of children included this shroud-covered youngster lying next to a llama and a rope that was used to lead the llama. The Peruvian site dates to around 1450.
A hellishly unprecedented scene — what anthropologists suspect is the largest known child sacrifice — has been unearthed on a bluff overlooking Peru’s northern shoreline.
Around 550 years ago, members of the Chimú empire ritually killed and buried at least 140 children, ages 5 to 14, and 200 young llamas, says a team led by Gabriel Prieto of the National University of Trujillo in Peru and John Verano of Tulane University in New Orleans.
Except for a few incomplete skeletons, excavated children and llamas displayed cuts on their breast bones and dislocated ribs indicating that their chests had been sliced open. Three adults buried nearby on the bluff, including two women with violent head wounds, may have participated in the sacrifice.
Radiocarbon dating, mainly of ropes left around the llamas’ necks, puts the event at around 1450, shortly before the Inca conquered the Chimú in 1470.
A dried mud layer covering some of the sandy graves possibly resulted from flooding caused by massive rains. Agricultural crises triggered by repeated flooding might have led Chimú leaders to sacrifice children to their gods, Verano suggests.
KILLING PLEA Children’s bodies lay in sandy pits at a Peruvian site where researchers say 140 youngsters were ritually sacrificed around 550 years ago, possibly to appease gods thought to be responsible for devastating floods.
IN THE 1920s, during the early days of flight, Royal Air Force pilots crossing the Middle East noticed something bizarre across barren landscape of Syria, eastern Jordan and Saudi Arabia’s desert.
The giant structures, which covered the land in their thousands, looked like intricately carved stone wheels, only visible from the sky. Some are pendants. Rings. Others are known as “kites”.
Flt Lt Percy Maitland documented the mysterious structures in 1927 for the archaeological journal Antiquity, but they remained largely a secret until the 1970s when Dr David Kennedy, a retired archaeologist at the University of Western Australia, spotted some of them while surveying photographs from Jordan.
“They really dominate the landscape, suggesting a lot of effort was put into constructing these over a huge area,” Dr Kennedy said in 2011 of “The Works of the Old Men,” of which the structures are called.
A “gate” at Samhah, which are more than 1,200 feet long
Picture: David Kennedy - Source:Supplied
A bullseye.
Picture: David Kennedy - Source:Supplied
Dr Kennedy has been busily studying some of the sites, measuring 70 metres wide, in Jordan from above in planes or helicopters, but its neighbour, Saudi Arabia, has always just been out of his reach. The problem with fully unlocking these secrets for Dr Kennedy was gaining permission to visit the country.
Fast forward to 2017, and Dr Kennedy is using a far simpler method to discover the world’s hidden secrets; Google Earth.
In the past 10 years Google Earth has been particularly helpful for probing archaeologists keen to track every inch of the Earth, but notably in the Saudi region.
More than 400 previously undocumented structures — or “gates” as they are called — have been uncovered using the technology, and Dr Kennedy is particularly pleased.
“We tend to think of Saudi Arabia as desert, but in practice there’s a huge archaeological treasure trove out there and it needs to be identified and mapped,” he told the New York Times.
“You can’t see them very well from the ground level, but once you get up a few hundred feet, or with a satellite even higher, they stand out beautifully.”
As with other Gates, this aerial photo from Samhah reveals that the bars are not slender walls but a double line of stones with an infill of smaller stones.
Picture: David KennedySource:Supplied
In this low oblique view, a gate is clear and plainly overlain by a bullseye pendant surrounded by lava. The latter is still quite high and its wall is surprisingly thick.
Picture: David Kennedy - Source:Supplied
Last month, Dr Kennedy received an invite to investigate the structures from above. Two hundred sites in all across the Harrat Khaybar and Harrat Uwayrid regions. Gates. Kites. Triangles. Bull’s eyes. Keyholes. They were all there. And more vivid than Google Earth.
“From 500 feet, you can see the vital details of structures that are invisible in the fuzzy image on Google Earth,” he said.
“Once you get out in the desert areas, where you wouldn’t expect to find much at all, they are absolutely littered with archaeological sites.
“We’re now discovering now is exactly the same in Saudi Arabia.”
A group of pendants.
Picture: David Kennedy - Source:Supplied
But what does it all mean? Is there a connection between all these structures? According to Dr Kennedy, the structures are anything but random; in fact, they are quite deliberate.
“We could see immediately they were much more complicated than they appeared on Google Earth,” Dr. Kennedy told the New York Times.
“They are much more sophisticated than I was prepared for.”
To this day much of the conclusions are still speculation at best, but they are thought to date back as far as 9000 years ago and used by nomadic tribes as traps for hunting and farming.
Dr Kennedy thinks tribes would herb gazelle into the structures where hunters could trap and kill them.
“Essentially there was no escape,” said Dr. Kennedy.
The keyholes, on the other hand, could have been used as tombs or ritual buildings to bury the dead.
But the challenge for experts now, is to study them on the ground. And radio carbon testing to sure of time periods. It could be decades until we find the real answer — until then, the Arabian secrets remain buried in the sand.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
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