Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 12 YEARS AND 10 MONTHS.
ON 06/04/2024 MORE THAN 1.951.050
VISITORS FROM 134 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
31-03-2022
Did Megalithic Sites in Turkey and Peru Share the Same Architects?
Top left: Cuzco, Peru. Top right: Western Italy. Bottom left: Alaca Hoyuk, Turkey. Bottom right: Casing stones on pyramid on Giza plateau.
Did Megalithic Sites in Turkey and Peru Share the Same Architects?
6,500 years before Stonehenge and 7,000 years before the pyramids were constructed, a cult megalithic complex sat atop the hills near current day Sanliurfa, in southeast Turkey. Göbekli Tepe was flourishing an astonishing 12,000 to 14,000 years ago. Today the preserved remains still exhibit high degrees of sophistication and megalithic engineering skill. Back in the 1990's when Robert Schoch exclaimed that the Sphinx could be many thousands of years older than previously thought, he was ridiculed. Graham Hancock's popular theories of a 12,000-year-old Ice Age civilization were slammed. With Göbekli Tepe we now have a unique and remarkably ancient complex that has been carbon-dated by German archaeologists to the end of the last ice-age that is shaking the foundations of science and history and awakening an interest in our human origins.
The Ancient Megalithic Site of Gobekli Tepe
In September 2013 I had the opportunity to go and see Göbekli Tepe for myself. I joined forces with authors Andrew Collins and Graham Hancock on a Megalithomania expedition around Turkey to investigate this enigmatic discovery. Graham was as astonished as I was. For such an old structure, the quality of stonework and abstract artistic skill just seems too advanced for its era.
T-shaped pillars and a fox relief at Göbekli Tepe.
(Author provided)
American archaeologist Peter Benedict first discovered something was going on there in 1963, noticing prehistoric flints all over the area. He also discovered some broken fragments of beautifully crafted T-shaped blocks with relief carvings. However, due to the superior quality of the stonework, they were classified as Byzantium artifacts. Interestingly this stone, now on display in Urfa Museum, looks conspicuously like one I had previously seen at Sillustani in Peru. In 1994, a German archaeologist named Klaus Schmidt recognized Göbekli Tepe as part of the “pre-pottery Neolithic” culture because this style of carving was similar to a site he had worked at earlier: Nevalı Çori.
What strikes people when they visit this site is the intricacy of the stonework, the size of the megalithic pillars, and the sheer magnitude of the man-made hill it was carefully covered with. The original construction was built on solid bedrock, then mounds were constructed on top of these, and further structures built on top over a period of around two thousand years, with the final enclosures containing smaller stones and less sophistication than the earlier levels.
The larger and older pillars at the lower levels show bas-relief carvings of various animals, reptiles, birds and serpents. Some pillars seem to represent strange, abstract statues of humans, wearing space-age belts, with long, bent arms and 'H' type letters (on every pillar in enclosure D). Most impressive is a strange creature in three dimensional high-relief showing beautiful craftsmanship and originality (for that period). There are several types of relief carvings at Göbekli Tepe . The 3D high-relief, the shallow reliefs of animals, 'H's, and the humanoid arms and belts, plus a rougher style that occurs on the later levels, although incredibly, this still dates to around 8,000 years old.
I found the shaping of the pillars interesting too. Why choose such a specific design? It is an abstract construction that sits gently on the bedrock, in very shallow pits. Some of the pillars are 18ft high (5.48 meters), with the top part of the “T” carved to look like it is a separate block to the main pillar, although it is actually one piece.
There are finely carved rims and shaping that reminded me of Tiwanaku in Bolivia, as well as some other sites around Peru. Another interesting aspect of the site are the unusual cup-marks that are found, mainly on the bedrock, but also on top of some of the oldest pillars, that may at some point shed some light on the cup-mark phenomenon in Britain, many thousands of years later.
Cup-marks and a pillar base at Göbekli Tepe.
(Author provided)
Megalithic Walls at Alaca Höyük Resemble Peruvian Constructions
As part of the expedition, we also visited a Hittite site called Alaca Höyük, near Ankara, the modern capital city of Turkey. Its earliest inhabitants were the Hattians, who were earth-based goddess worshipers, with roots in the Stone Age, who flourished from around 2350 BC to 1700 BC. Although much younger than Göbekli Tepe, the megalithic walls are indistinguishable from polygonal walls found all over Peru.
The jigsaw, irregularly shaped blocks, with some weighing more than twenty tons apiece are a unique style that were once thought to only exist in that part of South America. During my travels, I have seen them all along the west coast of Italy, on Easter Island, and in Egypt, plus they have been photographed in Delphi, Greece, Albania, Saudi Arabia, and Japan. Although separated by many millennia and vast distances, this style is possibly the most difficult style to accomplish, as each block needs to be carved with extreme accuracy so that they fit together and stay together over the years, even through earthquakes.
However, at Alaca Höyük and nearby Hattusu, they are not flat-faced walls. They look 'puffy', basically protruding from the joins, which some researchers say look like pillows. It does not seem to follow any particular plan, but it was a popular technique favored by the ancient megalith builders. This begs the question, was there a global megalithic stonemasonry elite in prehistory? Did they diffuse this influence around the world and construct specific sites? On witnessing so many similarities to sites in Peru and Bolivia, there was only one thing to do.
Top left: Sillustani, Peru. Top middle: Cutimbo, Peru. Bottom left: Sillustani. Top right: Pillar at Gobekli Tepe. Bottom right: The first artifact found at Gobekli Tepe, originally thought to be Byzantium.
(Author provided)
Peruvian Relief Carvings Match Those at Göbekli Tepe
Fortunately, I was co-organizing a Megalithomania trip to Peru and Bolivia in November 2013 with David Hatcher Childress and Brien Foerster. We headed to Cuzco, known as “The Navel of the World.” Interestingly, Göbekli Tepe 's name has a similar meaning (“Hill of the Navel”) and is one of many “world navels” or “sacred centers.” Cuzco is a megalithic city. Its foundations are made up of polygonal and precision carved stone, which is quite a sight when you first visit there.
Further southwest on the shores of Lake Titicaca , the strange Chulpu's, that are officially circular funerary towers, are built of huge megalithic blocks and hold several ancient secrets. On high bluffs, always with a steep climb up to them, these towers are a mystery, made with startling engineering precision, obviously meant to last for several generations. The most famous example is Sillustani, a site I have visited many times.
Not only does the Sillustani site have circular towers, it also has a unique square “chulpa” that is made of huge finely cut polygonal blocks. The mystery here is that it is an almost perfect match of one of the platforms on Easter Island , some 2,600 miles (4184.29 km) away across the Pacific Ocean. Sillustani has several relief carvings that closely resemble those at Göbekli Tepe , including serpents, lizards, foxes, pumas, and other unusual creatures. One tower that is partly intact shows a beautiful, but very weathered lizard that can only be seen at certain times of day when the sun reaches round to its location on the tower.
Perhaps as the sun revolved around the circular towers, the reliefs got exposed only at certain times of day. Could this have been a useful clock, or did it have some other shamanic meaning? I wonder if Göbekli Tepe was used in a similar way, as whoever repaired the site and covered it with thousands of tons of dirt, may have wanted to keep the pillars, and therefore the reliefs, in their correct position, suggesting they may hold astronomical secrets that have yet to be deciphered.
Cutimbo is another chulpa site further around the lake, about 15.5 miles (25 km) from Puno, the nearest major town. The stonework here reaches another level of complexity, with the beautiful “puffy” polygonal stonework, along with some exquisite reliefs, including serpents, pumas, and even faces of creatures emerging from the rock. As you can see from the images, the similarities to Göbekli Tepe are there. The faces that emerge from the rock look like the stone 'totem' statue found at Göbekli Tepe, now in Urfa Museum.
Near the entrance to Cutimbo amongst piles of broken stone, a unique relief of a cheeky critter sits upon a lump of rock that was once part of one of the towers. It looks like some kind of feline, but its’ unusual elongated fingers are an anomaly. This one closely resembles the vertical creature on the solitary high-relief at Göbekli Tepe .
Left: A Chulpa tower at Sillustani with Lizard relief, Peru. Right: Totem statue from Gobekli Tepe. Bottom: Chulpa tower at Cutimbo, Peru.
(Author provided)
The Rosetta Stone of South America
At a site about six miles (9.66 km) from Tiwanaku in Bolivia, a 3-foot (0.91 meter) wide ceramic bowl was discovered that shows proto-Sumerian writing, next to indigenous Aymara script. It has been labelled “The Rosetta Stone of South America." Not only does it suggest Sumerian visitors once arrived on the shores of Lake Titicaca, it has now been translated and the use of this type of script has been dated to 3,500 BC. What does this mean? It certainly looks like there was an ancient visit by Sumerians around 5,500 years ago, and when we look at the location of where this language was being used, suddenly we see a direct connection between Tiwanaku and the builders of Göbekli Tepe and surrounding sites.
Top: Gobekli Tepe relief. Bottom: Relief at Cutimbo, Peru.
(Author provided)
Cross-Cultural Bonds?
Arthur Posnansky, an eminent archaeologist of Bolivia, dated Tiwanaku to around 17,000 years old based upon archaeoastronomy. However, since his initial deductions, this date has been revised several times, with the Fuenta Magna bowl possibly nailing down one date at least. When you visit Tiwanaku and Puma Punku, they look like a cataclysm has given its best shot to destroy them a very long time ago, and with the evidence of advanced agriculture beginning in both South America and the fertile crescent at about the same time, we must reconsider the idea that perhaps the Fuenta Magna bowl is in fact just part of a long cross-cultural bond that had existed for thousands of years.
Left: The Fuente Magna bowl showing proto-Sumerian script. Top right: Gobekli Tepe “H” motifs. Bottom right: “H” blocks from Puma Punku, Bolivia.
(Author provided)
It can easily be argued that these distant cultures are divided by not only space, but time, and that they would have come up with their ideas independently. I’m not so sure. Carving high-reliefs, constructing polygonal walls, quarrying and transporting super-sized megaliths, are not things that that can be put away as simple “coincidences” that any culture would just come up with, as they are all particularly difficult to achieve. Since the discovery of Göbekli Tepe , the re-dating of the sites in Peru and Bolivia needs some more investigation, as this kind of sophistication, at this incredibly early date, could be the shake-up academia needs. Could it provide us with a new view into our ancestral megalithic origins?
Top left: Serpent carving from Nevali Cori. Bottom Left: Serpents at Gobekli Tepe. Top Right: Sillustani, Peru. Middle right: Cutimbo, Peru. Bottom Right: Cuzco, Peru with the author.
(Author provided)
Top image: Top left: Cuzco, Peru. Top right: Western Italy. Bottom left: Alaca Hoyuk, Turkey. Bottom right: Casing stones on pyramid on Giza plateau.
Some hauntings are really hard to categorize, and can really take a turn into the truly bizarre. In 1889, farmer George Henry Dagg and his family, wife Susan, his own children Mary, 4, John 2, as well as an adopted daughter, 11-year-old Dinah McLean, were leading a simple, quiet life on their placid rural property in Clarendon, near the town of Shawville, Quebec, in Canada. They were a perfectly normal farming family, living peacefully and going about their normal lives, and there was nothing particularly remarkable about them, but this would change in September of that year, when a sequence of bizarre paranormal events began to unfold at their secluded property that would steadily gain momentum and intensity until it would become one of the most shocking and frightening hauntings in Canadian history.
It all started innocuously enough. One day George gave his wife some money in two bills, which she put into the drawer in their room, but the next day, one of the bills was found on the floor of the kitchen. When George checked the drawer, both bills were missing, and Susan claimed that she had not touched them. In the coming days, other objects turned up in strange places or went missing altogether, and at first George assumed that a young farmhand named Dean had stolen the money and was pulling pranks, but the boy adamantly denied having anything to do with it. The missing and misplaced items continued, with his own children also insisting they had had nothing to do with it. Things began to appear from outside as well, such as rocks and sticks, and one day Susan went about the home doing chores and came into the living room to find a pile of pig’s feces smeared all over the floor. George at this point had had enough and, still convinced that it was Dean playing some sort of practical joke, sent the boy on his way. However, the strange missing and misplaced items would continue. At this point it was more annoying than anything truly spooky, but this would soon change.
Things began to increase in intensity when the family began hearing odd thumping and banging on the walls at all hours of night. They would go out and look around to find no explanation for it, no wild animals, no trespassers, yet as soon as they went back to their room to try and get some sleep the cacophony would start right back up again. After this, objects were seen to move on their own, including a rocking chair kept in one of the rooms that would start to creak back and forth on its own, and this would graduate to items and furniture being thrown about with great force by unseen hands. On several occasions windows were broken by rocks hurtling through them, but no matter what George did he could find no one responsible, even having a window break as he was hiding waiting to catch the perpetrator.
In addition to all of this, dishes would be found smashed, milk jugs with their contents splashed all over the place found crushed, furniture defaced, and there was an organ in the house that would start playing on its own. Even more frightening still were fires that began to spontaneously erupt around the house. Although they were always able to put these out, the fires were extremely persistent, with eight once occurring in a single day. This got more menacing still when the thrown objects that had been tormenting them started targeting them directly, with rocks smacking into them and water jugs splashed onto them. There were also occasions when an unseen force would pull hair or push people. Then there were the sinister voices.
Family members began to be harassed by a gruff voice like that of an old man coming from the shadows that would berate them and make strange, threatening statements. On one occasion is growled to one of the children “Would you like to go to hell with me?” and on another it spat out “I am the devil and I’ll have you in my clutches.” The voice would follow them around taunting them and mocking their attempts to find an explanation for the phenomena, laughing at them when they made mistakes, breaking their concentration at the most inopportune times, and generally making a nuisance of itself. The voice also answered questions directed at it, but its answers often made little sense. When asked what it was, it would give different answers at different times, including that it was the spirit of a man who had died in the house, that he was the Devil or a force conjured by black magic, and later on even claiming that he was an angel. The voice also had the strange habit of changing in tone and timber, alternating between an almost childish, impish voice to other times where it was little more than an animalistic snarl. This mysterious voice became very persistent, and there were numerous neighbors and visitors to the house who heard it for themselves.
As if this all weren’t enough, there also began to appear spooky apparitions. It began when Dinah woke her parents screaming that there was a “big black thing pulling off the bedclothes.” When her parents arrived, they could not see it, but they did see the bedsheets levitating in the air, and Dinah insisted the entity was there “jumping over the bedstead.” Dinah was then given a bullwhip and told to strike it, which elicited a squeal like a pig as the entity vanished. On another occasions, the children were playing in the yard when they claimed to have seen “a tall man with a cow’s head, cloven feet and horns,” with this entity appearing in the house as well, and there was also a large black dog with glowing red eyes was also seen lurking about. These ominous apparitions were only ever seen by the children, but their parents at this point had no doubts that they were telling the truth.
By now they were coming to the conclusion that the entity, whatever it was, seemed to gravitate towards Dinah. It seemed that the paranormal activity only ever seemed to happen when she was around, and that she was the main target of many of the ghostly attacks. The terrified family decided to call a clergyman called Reverend Horner to come and try to bless the house and exorcize whatever it was, but this backfired. Not only did the voice laugh and mock the exorcist’s efforts, but the prayer book from which he was reading vanished from his hand to appear in the oven. Another clergyman, a Baptist minister named Reverend Bell, also took a crack at it and was immediately verbally accosted by the entity, which mocked his faith and wondered out loud who had given him the authority to call it an “evil spirit.” A few violently thrown objects later and Bell fled in terror. The voice then changed into a more benevolent tone and claimed that it was an angel, before launching into a beautifully sung hymn in front of many witnesses.
After this, the residence was visited by a local reporter and psychical researcher by the name of Percy Woodcock, who talked to the family, interviewed Dinah, and came to the conclusion that she was channeling a spirit that she claimed lived in an old shed on the property. With her help, Woodstock would make contact with it at the shed, and ended up having a long conversation and debate with the entity. Things did not start off on the right foot, when the voice immediately snarled at Woodcock, “Get out of here or I’ll break your neck,” before launching into a torrent of curses and obscenities and even picking up a pencil to scrawl profanity onto a sheet of paper. Woodcock patiently waited for the verbal assault to finish, after which he admonished it for saying such things in front of children. From there, for the next five hours Woodcock verbally sparred with the entity, asking what it wanted and telling it to leave the family alone all while it attacked Dinah and spewed venomous words. Greg Graham, a local playwright and amateur historian, has said of the harrowing ordeal:
With witnesses gathered, Woodcock argued for the soul of Dinah or asking this ghost — or whatever it was — to leave her alone. They began debating about philosophy, theology, the nature of God, and right and wrong. And when he made the ghost mad, Dinah would react as if she was slapped, kicked, hit, punched or scratched. It got very violent against Dinah and he’d have to back off.
During this grueling conversation, the sinister entity made many claims. It said that it had not meant to hurt the family and had been doing everything merely for its own amusement. It also once again alternately claimed to be The Devil, an angel, and the spirit of an 80-year-old man who had died on the property 20 years prior. Amazingly, after much negotiation the voice eventually was worn down and agreed to leave the family in peace the following day. The next morning, the Dagg children would then claim to see a tall old man in flowing white gowns walking nearby, before he bid them farewell, raised his arms, and disappeared “in a burst of streaking flame.” The whole 3-month-long ordeal had been well-witnessed, with seventeen respected members of the community including politicians, police, and clergymen signing an affidavit that it was all true. It would seem that this would be the end of the disturbances for the Dagg family, but rather curiously there have been reports of something strange going on at the property in more recent times. In 2014, Chris Lackner with the Ottawa Citizen investigated the scene and met with Charlene Labombard, the current owner of the Dagg house, whose family have had some odd experiences there. Lackner writes about his conversation with Charlene:
She recalled hearing, as a teenager, someone climb the creaky old stairs and stop outside her door. Thinking it was a sibling prank, she flung the door open — only to find herself alone. And terrified. Her siblings claim an upstairs door also had a habit of opening-and-closing of its own volition. “I don’t have a superstitious mind,” Charlene explained. Some of her children claim to have seen what appears to be a little girl in a white gown or dress come down the stairs in the original part of the hold farmhouse, and cross down the hall through the kitchen door. Charlene’s late husband swore he saw the apparition once, too. Pointedly, some Dagg family stories indicate that a young daughter, Eliza Jane, died at the farm under mysterious circumstances, scalded by a pot of boiling water. Though most lore places that event after the famous haunting, the tragedy has been linked in spirit. The only other oddity noted by the Labombards, a strange sound of crawling and scratching in the attic, solely focused above the original house, and not the extension. If the world’s chattiest ghost is still hanging around, he’s taken a vow of silence. Are the odd happenings reported by the current residents some strange remnant of the Dagg haunting? What really happened 125 years ago?
What happened there, indeed. Over a hundred years later, the Dagg haunting is still discussed and talked about, very much a part of the local lore that has never really gone away. Those who believe something paranormal was going on have had various theories as to what it could have been. Everything from poltergeists or ghosts, to demons, to the Devil himself has been thrown about, but there is no clear answer and it is hard to really clearly categorize. It was certainly weird, whatever it was. Local historian Venetia Crawford has said of the entity:
He wanted to upset everybody there and he did a good job of it, so whatever he could think of that was unusual that day, he did. He had a very unique personality … he was such a strange ghost. I don’t think he was either good or bad. I think he was whatever he wanted to be in the moment.
What was going on with this family? Was this just some hoax, misidentification, or misunderstanding, or was it something else? How can we explain so many witnesses having experienced the phenomena for themselves? If this was a mysterious supernatural force, then what was it and what did it want? Why did it act so bizarrely and why did it orbit the adopted daughter Dinah? Why did it tow so many forms, why was it so vocal, and where did it go? We will never have the answers to any of these questions, and it remains one of the weirdest Canadian hauntings there is.
One of the key aspects of galactic evolution is star production. On a basic level, stars form within a galaxy’s gas and dust all the time, and where they form can help determine a galaxy’s shape and size. But there seems to be a sweet point when star production in a galaxy is particularly strong. Galaxies often have a period of rapid star production which then drops off. Astronomers are still trying to understand what causes this drop-off.
One idea is that galaxies simply run out of the gas and dust needed to form stars. Stars consume gas and dust to form, and since stars can last for billions of years, there’s increasingly less material available. Another idea is that supernovae clear a galaxy of gas and dust. The earliest stars of a galaxy are often incredibly massive, living short lives and exploding as supernovae. The shock waves from these supernovae could quench star production by ripping apart star-forming regions. But a new study suggests the main cause is the supermassive black hole that lurks in the heart of a galaxy.
In the study, the team took data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and applied machine learning to categorize galaxies into active galaxies where star formation is high and quiescent galaxies where star production is low. They then correlated these with three parameters: the mass of a galaxy’s dark matter halo, the total mass of stars in the galaxy, and the mass of the galaxy’s supermassive black hole. They found that black hole mass was the strongest factor in determining whether a galaxy is active or quiescent.
Artist’s representation of an active galactic nucleus (AGN) at the center of a galaxy. Credit: NASA/CXC/M.Weiss
But why would this be? To answer this question, the team used computer simulations to model various possibilities for quenching star production. By comparing their simulations with the observed distribution of galaxies, they found the strongest model was one where a supermassive black hole injects energy into the surrounding galaxy. As a galaxy’s black hole grows, it becomes an active galactic nucleus (AGN), which can create powerful jets and push gas and dust away from the center of the galaxy. The larger the black hole, the more powerful that push can be.
Galaxies with lots of gas and dust in their central region are ripe for star production. But they are also the perfect setting for supermassive black holes to grow larger. So, a galaxy can be active for a time, until the black hole becomes active itself and kills off star production.
UFO Shoots Out Of Base Of Volcano Popocatepetl, Mexico On Live Cam! March 29, 2022, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Shoots Out Of Base Of Volcano Popocatepetl, Mexico On Live Cam! March 29, 2022, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: March 29, 2022 4:50AM
Location of sighting:Volcano Popocateptl, Mexico
Source:Live volcano cam
Hey check this out! At 4:50 AM a wide UFO existed the base of the volcano in Mexico on live cam! The object moved slowly and it was huge, like a single winged craft. The object was about 500 meters across, about the size of the mouth of the volcano. There is no such aircraft in the world of that size. The size alone tells us that it is 100% a alien ship leaving Earth.
I have watched this volcano for over ten years and was the first person to report UFOs from the live cam. Now...there are dozens of reports weekly from many others. It's very helpful and nice to see that UFO researchers worldwide are beginning to take live cams more seriously as a scientific tool.
Alien Base Discovered On Moon In Arstarchus Crater, March 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News
Alien Base Discovered On Moon In Arstarchus Crater, March 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News
Hey everyone, I just wanted to check to see if something I discovered back in 2013 still existed today or if NASA has deleted it from their website. Its still there and its still very amazing to look at. Its in Aristarchus crater on Earths moon. NASA says this crater is 40km across, thus the structure is about 1/4 of km across! Absolutly huge and high detail. Watch the video I made today below to not only see the structure, but see it on the NASA website and to see my process of how I enlarge, focus and find structures that NASA doesnt want you to see. Absolute proof that aliens exist on our moon!
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:Ruins, strange artifacts on other planets, moons, ed ( Fr, EN, NL )
Boy In North Carolina Has First Contact With Alien Entity, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Boy In North Carolina Has First Contact With Alien Entity, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Unknown
Location of sighting: North Carolina, USA
Ryan Bledsoe said that he and his family have been seeing alien beings he calls shadow entities around his property and properties of his family members. One tweet of the shadow entity was actually retweeted by Tom Delonge, a famous musician from Blink-182 turned UFO researcher. Such entities do exist, because aliens want to leave the underground bases and walk among us, be as we are, accepted as they accept us. But they have rules to follow, laws of sorts and they cannot just come out without consequences if they are caught by their own species.
But...there are also alien species who...somehow, some way look just like us and work along side us. I (Scott Waring) once met an alien entity at a museum here in Taiwan. I was in the cafeteria with my family, sat at a table, felt an aura unlike anything I had ever felt before. An aura of comfort...of warmth, friendship. I had been practicing telepathy communication for a few weeks and was doing so when I was walking around the museum since we were all silently observing the art, it made the perfect moment to use it. I felt somethings so I called out and asked the person to come to me...reveal himself. I said in my mind, "I promise not to ask any alien questions if you reveal yourself, I would just like confirmation you exist, please do so by coming to me asking me something totally strange, and I will know its you." Less than a minute passed before a Taiwanese man about 30 years old walked up to me asking me, "Hi, I got an odd question, I can't get back on the bus to go home because I don't have the money, any way you can help me out by giving me about 20NT (about 75 cents US) and I said sure. I asked him where he is from, his english was perfect. He said he lives and works in the tech field in Silicon Valley, California. I was stunned, I made a promise...and could not ask an alien question, I was bound by it. I hesitated with my mouth wide open in astonishment. I said "Awesome! So cool, working in tech. Tech changes the whole world. Nice meeting you." And he thanked me again and left. Telepathy works, anyone can do it with practice, but...a one on one meeting...is the rarest event in the world. And yet, it happened to me back in 2010, in front of my whole family at the table. Oh...and people in Asian never do that! Never walking up to strangers asking a favor...it was no accident, it was a first contact. No pictures, no video as I promised to keep it low key. I kept that promise, but do have to share it with others here.
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Mountak monster remains found on Australian Beach?
Mountak monster remains found on Australian Beach?
Alex Tan while walking on Maroochydore Beach in Australia stumbled across the remains of a weird creature that had washed ashore after floods hit the area.
He said to the camera in an Instagram post. “This is like one of those things you see when people claim they’ve found aliens.’
The creature reminds the infamous Montauk monster that washed ashore on a beach near the business district of Montauk, New York, in July 2008.
Image left: Creature Beach Australia - Image right: "Mountak' monster Beach New York.
Some people suggest that it is the carcass of a young kangaroo or possum but according to Mr. Tan "It is different to anything I've seen."
Spherical UFO filmed over Wheeler Peak, New Mexico
Spherical UFO filmed over Wheeler Peak, New Mexico
This really interesting daytime footage of some kind of a spherical UFO was filmed in the sky near Wheeler Peak in New Mexico back in June 2021.
What do you think about this UAP sighting?
Witness report:
This was taken while I was backpacking in New Mexico (near Wheeler Peak). I filmed this in June 2021. Didn’t see a soul on the trail the entire day. Still can’t figure out what it is. I have images screenshotted where I zoomed in on the footage. It is metallic and spherical. I watched it for about 3-4 minutes before it dipped below the treeline. It wasn’t moving with the gusty winds you can hear in the video. I was at about 11,500′ elevation near my camp during this video.
Hubble registreert verste ster ooit op 12,9 miljard lichtjaar afstand
De ruimtetelescoop Hubble heeft een ster ontdekt op 12,9 miljard lichtjaar afstand van de aarde. Het is de verste ster die ooit is waargenomen, maakten de ruimtevaartorganisatie NASA (Verenigde Staten) en ESA (Europa) woensdag bekend. Het oude record stamt uit 2018, toen de Hubble een ster op 9 miljard lichtjaar afstand waarnam.
Het heelal ontstond ongeveer 13,8 miljard jaar geleden met de oerknal. Toen de ontdekte ster zijn licht verstuurde, was het universum maar 900 miljoen jaar oud. Dat is 7 procent van zijn huidige leeftijd, het heelal was toen dus piepjong.
Eén lichtjaar is de afstand die licht in een jaar kan reizen en dat is ongeveer 9,46 biljoen kilometer. "We konden het dus eerst haast niet geloven", zegt ontdekker Brian Welch in een verklaring. "Op zulke afstanden zien melkwegstelsels er normaal gesproken uit als vlekjes, waarbij het licht van miljoenen sterren samensmelt. Het stelsel van deze ster wordt vergroot doordat de zwaartekracht als een loep werkt.”
De ster heeft de bijnaam Earendel gekregen. Dat is een Oud-Engels woord voor zonsopkomst en de ochtendster. Toen de ster zijn licht scheen, was hij waarschijnlijk minstens vijftig keer zo zwaar als onze zon en miljoenen keren feller.
De Hubble nadert het einde van zijn leven. Eind vorig jaar is daarom zijn opvolger gelanceerd, de ruimtetelescoop James Webb. Die moet Earendel verder bestuderen, om informatie over zijn helderheid, temperatuur en samenstelling te krijgen.
Die gegevens kunnen iets vertellen over het vroege heelal. Sterren bestonden toen misschien uit andere materialen dan de sterren van nu. Welch: "Earendel wordt een venster naar een tijdperk van het heelal dat we niet kennen, maar waar alles wat we kennen uit voortkomt. Het is alsof we een interessant boek hebben gelezen, maar zijn begonnen met het tweede hoofdstuk. Nu krijgen we de kans om te zien hoe het is begonnen."
De ontdekking verscheen woensdag in het prestigieuze wetenschappelijke tijdschrift Nature. “Earendel bestuderen zal een venster bieden op een periode van het universum waarmee we niet vertrouwd zijn, maar die geleid heeft tot alles wat we vandaag kennen”, zegt Brian Welch, van de John Hopkins-universiteit in Baltimore, hoofdauteur van de onderzoekspaper.
GERELATEERDE VIDEO'S EN FOTO'S, uitgekozen en gepost door peter2011
The star nicknamed Earendel (indicated with arrow) is positioned along a ripple in spacetime that ... [+]
SCIENCE: NASA, ESA, BRIAN WELCH (JHU), DAN COE (STSCI) IMAGE PROCESSING: NASA, ESA, ALYSSA PAGAN (STSCI)
At the center of this Hubble Space Telescope infrared image is the centre of a massive galaxy cluster called WHL J24.3324-8.477, including the brightest galaxy of the cluster. It was taken in 2017 as part of an observing programme called RELICS (Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey).
ESA/HUBBLE & NASA
This detailed view highlights the star Earendel's position along a ripple in space-time (dotted ... [+]
SCIENCE: NASA, ESA, BRIAN WELCH (JHU), DAN COE (STSCI) IMAGE PROCESSING: NASA, ESA, ALYSSA PAGAN (STSCI)
There Is Life On Mars Claims Ufologist Ken Pfeifer–see Photos
There Is Life On Mars Claims Ufologist Ken Pfeifer–see Photos
An Ohio scientist claims to have found photographic proof of “insect and reptile-like”life on Mars. But, as always, it’s not aliens, other researchers say.
William Romoser, a professor emeritus who specializes in arbovirology (the study of viruses transmitted by arthropods) and entomology at Ohio University, has compiled photographs from NASA Mars rovers that he says are evidence of life on Mars. “There has been and still is life on Mars,” Romoser said in a statement.
But Romoser’s evidence for this alleged Martian life comes only from his interpretation of these photographs. As he asserts in the findings he presented on Nov. 19 at the national meeting of the Entomological Society of America, the images show the shapes of life-forms that look similar to reptiles and bee-like insects. According to the statement, these observations are of both fossilized and living creatures on the surface of Mars.
Romoser noted that interpretations of insect- and reptile-like creatures he described may change in the future as knowledge of life on Mars evolves, but that the sheer volume of evidence is compelling.
‘The presence of higher metazoan organisms on Mars implies the presence of nutrient/energy sources and processes, food chains and webs, and water as elements functioning in a viable, if extreme, ecological setting sufficient to sustain life,’ he said.
KENS NOTE:
Nasa has been lying to us for decades about the Moon and Mars. I feel it’s just another way of milking billions of dollars from the patriotic citizens of this nation. I guess our congress feels it more important to spend billions of dollars researching the planets than making our country a safe place to live. The only people living the high life are the corrupt politicians. Let’s make this nation a better place for our children and for people who want liberty and justice for all. Let the truth be known.
My research on Mars have uncovered many insect life forms and many strange object that are not natural. Nasa also hides objects by blurring out the object or cropping out an object on the hi-definition images. This leaves me to believe that they are lying to the public.
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What They Discovered In Egypt Shocked the Whole World
What They Discovered In Egypt Shocked the Whole World
Egypt is the land of wonders. It is known as the land of Pharaohs and is famous for numerous pyramids. Egyptians mastered the art of mummification and are famed for the discovery of golden treasures. How much do you know about Egypt? You may be aware of their skills and enslavement for the construction of incredible pyramids. Famous queen Cleopatra was not Egyptian, although she had played a predominant role in the history of the region. The enormous spread of desert in Egypt is full of historical events and every moment archaeologists are busy dusting the sands to discover new troves. It is an accepted fact that the more we dig, the more mysterious things we come across.
UFO Fleet Over California, Similar To 1942 Battle Of Los Angeles UFOs! VIDEO, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Fleet Over California, Similar To 1942 Battle Of Los Angeles UFOs! VIDEO, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: March 30, 2022
Location of discovery: California, USA Source: Google Earth Map find them using my video.
Hey I found a whole fleet of UFOs and made a video about it today. I actually found it 15 years ago, but held onto it, never releasing it to the public. Why? Why would you need a teacher if he already taught you everything? A good teacher always holds some discoveries back for later. For when its time.
The UFOs I found are semi transparent which means they are cloaked, but for some reason the satellite took a photo of them and they were now visible. The UFOs are over the outer Los Angeles area and they are moving in a line formation, similar to what US Air Force fighter jet pilots do. Los Angeles is also famous for a similar sighting back in 1942, often referred to as the Battle of Los Angeles. Where a fleet of oval metallic craft flew over LA from the Ocean. America was ready and they opened fire on them thinking they were Japanese craft since it was WWII. The light beams set on the UFOs, and then they opened fire with anti aircraft artillery...most of them hit the craft, but the UFOs never changed speed, never stopped and never showed signs of damage.
The UFOs I show you today...are the same type of UFOs measuring 50 meters across according to Google Map ruler. They are blurry and transparent. They are flying low over the area...scanning the homes and the people to learn more. This is 100% Proof that UFOs exist and its directly linked to the Battle of Los Angeles.
On March 27, 2022 a citizen from New York captured a series of unknown spherical objects flying through the sky over New York.
The witness states: I recorded this from my window something drops something that looks like balloons but I'm not sure.
If you look closely you see when the video starts at the top right it crosses something that looks like a flying saucer but I only realized after watching the video.
“Aliens Have Made Treaties With The US Government” | UFO Witness
“Aliens Have Made Treaties With The US Government” | UFO Witness
Laura Eisenhower, President Eisenhower’s great-granddaughter, alleges that General Ike entered the US Government into treaties with extraterrestrial entities.
The Mysteries and Spectacular Architecture of Angkor Wat
The Mysteries and Spectacular Architecture of Angkor Wat
Angkor Wat is a fascinating temple complex in northwestern Cambodia, located in what was once the capital of the ancient Khmer Empire which presided over a vast kingdom in Southeast Asia. While Buddhists believe that it was built in a night under orders of the god Indra, it actually took decades to create what was originally a Hindu temple dedicated to Vishnu in the 12th century. Covering an area of about 162.6 hectares (about 400 acres), it is said to be the largest religious monument in the world.
Creating the Unforgettable Angkor Wat Temple
Angkor Wat was built over several decades starting in the first half of the 12th century by King Suryavarman II of the Khmer Empire who ruled from 1113 to 1150. Created to function as a temple complex, mausoleum and political center of his vast empire, its name means “city of the temples,” with Angkor meaning “capital city” and Wat meaning “temple.” Angkor Wat is one of the largest and most complex religious monuments ever constructed in the history of mankind.
The Khmer Empire existed between the 9th and 15th century, but during the 12th century it was at its height and the Angkor civilization was booming. It was during this period that Angkor Wat temple was built, over a period of approximately 30 years. Inscriptions claim that building Angkor Wat used the manpower of 300,000 workers and 6,000 elephants.
According to archaeologist Charles Higham, Suryavarman wasn’t just a man, but a demigod. In all depictions he appears large and muscular with everyone seated around him. “The Cambodian god-kings of old each strove to better their ancestors’ structures in size, scale, and symmetry, culminating in what is believed to be the world’s largest religious building,” stresses Lonely Planet .
Created for the god Vishnu, the Angkor Wat mountain-temple was built to represent the Hindu universe, although by the end of the 12th century it had been converted into a Buddhist temple. There are five sandstone towers that rise above the temple enclosures, the central tower representing the mythical Mount Meru , the center of the Hindu universe and home of the god Brahma and the Devas, and the surrounding four its smaller peaks.
Architecturally speaking, Angkor Wat is spectacular. The temple is an enormous three level pyramid built on a floating rectangular piece of land surrounded by water. The Khmer used laterite blocks encased in carved sandstone for the construction of the temple and the city wall, while the rest of the structures were made from less durable materials such as wood which explains why they are not visible today.
Angkor War is oriented in a westerly direction, associated with Vishnu and with death, which has led experts to believe that it was built as a mausoleum for Suryavarman II (although he was never actually buried there). It is said that the temple was constructed mathematically to be in harmony with the universe, and the distances and sizes in Angkor Wat are related to Indian mythology. In Angkor: Celestial Temples of the Khmer Empire , Eleanor Mannikka suggests that Angkor Wat was also used for astronomical purposes.
The Angkor Wat temple was built surrounded by an enormous moat, measuring about 200-meter-wide (650 ft), which symbolized the ocean surrounding Mount Mera. The scale of this is hard to imagine until you get there. In fact, the whole complex is a huge rectangle which measures 1.5 km by 1.3 km (0.93 x 0.8 mi), and the temple complex itself can only be reached by crossing a sandstone causeway.
The temple facade awash with intricate bas-relief carvings which line the walls and surfaces. Designed to be viewed in an anticlockwise direction, these depict deities and other figures from Hindu and Buddhist scriptures, telling the stories of the history and mythology of Cambodia. They even include scenes from the Hindu Mahabharata and a carving of Emperor Suryavarman II entering the city for the first time.
There are also almost 3,000 nymphs carved throughout the temple, each of which are unique, while at the central tower is a 3.25 m (10.7 ft) statue of Vishnu made out of a single block of sandstone. Around this statue, visitors will see offerings from pilgrims and young people about to get married. The Gallery of a Thousand Buddhas, at the central temple, was once home to hundreds of images of the Buddha, but many of these were stolen during the Khmer Rouge regime of the 1970s.
Illustration of the façade of Angkor Wat by Henri Mouhot from circa 1860.
While historians love to tell the story of a lost temple, according to Alison Kyra Carter “Angkor Wat was never abandoned,” unlike the other monuments within the larger Angkor city. In fact, History.com stresses that Angkor Wat “was important to the Buddhist religion” well into the 1800s, although it did fall into “disuse and disrepair.”
According to the BBC, the first European to visit the “extraordinary construction” of Angkor Wat was a Portuguese friar called Antonio da Madelena, as he reported to the historian Diogo do Couto in 1589. The temples became known to the Europeans around 1860 through French missionaries, and it was the writing of Henri Mahout, a French botanist who did extensive research at this time, who really captured the imagination of a subsequent generation of explorers. Mahout himself initially thought that the temples of Angkor Wat were built by another race and not by the Cambodians. He claimed that Ankor Wat was "grander than anything left to use by Greece or Rome.”
The Angkor Wat temple is the most famous of the hundreds of temples within the Angkor Archaeological Park, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site . It is estimated that the city of Angkor was once home to one million people, with a complex irrigation system, paved roads and beautiful buildings; however, within 200 years the Khmer civilization collapsed for no apparent reason. Without any written records to provide clues, scholars have suggested that an environmental collapse may have played a major role in the Khmer civilization’s disappearance.
These ancient ruins have attracted archaeologists for decades. Since 2007, aerial archaeologists Damian Evans and Jean-Baptiste Chevance have been mapping the ruins from the air to get a clearer understanding of the landscape, the scale of this immense ancient city, and to uncover hidden topographical details. Their work even enabled them to map the city’s huge irrigation system which had allowed the Khmer to feed such a huge population. National Geographic stated that Angkor was once the “size of modern-day Los Angeles,” making it the “largest settlement ever built in human history before the industrial revolution.”
Efforts to restore the spectacular architecture of Angkor didn’t really begin until the 1960s, and these were hindered by the Cambodian Civil War of the 1970s and the brutal rule of the Khmer Rouge. There are even bullet holes in the outer walls that remain as a memory of this era. When Angkor was added to the World Heritage list in 1992, it was also placed on the list of World Heritage in Danger, due to a history of earthquakes, war, overgrowth, frequent pillaging, illegal excavations and the existence of land mines.
After a UNESCO campaign to protect and restore the famed Cambodian ruins, it was taken off the World Heritage in Danger list again in 2004. Now one of the greatest threats to Angkor is tourism, keeping in mind that before the Covid-19 pandemic, the huge influx of tourists had reached 2.6 million (7,300 per day) in 2018.
Impressive and massive, Angkor Wat and the ancient city that surrounds it, is an intriguing place to visit that questions the prevailing belief that our civilization is more advanced than civilizations that existed in the past. Located about 6 km (4 mi) from Siem Reap airport, the Angkor Archaeological Park opens from 5 a.m. to 6 p.m. The best way to visit is by renting a tuk tuk to take you there and spend the day with you. This will make moving between the different sites more enjoyable.
The best months to visit are December and January, when it is dryer. You can buy 1, 3 and 7 day passes. Visiting the Angkor Wat temple site will take at least three hours, but to really get a feel for the entire city of Angkor can take days. Although Angkor Wat is no longer an active temple, it’s important to keep in mind that this is a sacred site and visitors should dress modestly, avoiding uncovered knees and upper arms.
Mythical Metropolises: Pithom, Piramesses, and the Israelite Exodus of Egypt
Mythical Metropolises: Pithom, Piramesses, and the Israelite Exodus of Egypt
The legendary Egyptian metropolises of Pithom and Piramesses were first noted in the Exodus story of the Old Testament. One of the foundations of the Jewish religion, it told of the plight of the Israelites against their wicked overlords, the pharaohs of Egypt. Scholars have placed massive importance on finding their locations for two main reasons: establishing the starting point of the Exodus route and identifying the capital of ancient Egypt under Ramesses II, who has long been ascribed as the villainous pharaoh.
The Tale of Exodus: Using Israelite Labor to Build Metropolises
The Exodus story relates how the Pharaoh subdued the Israelites in response to their increase in size, turning them into slaves and ordering that all Hebrew boys be killed at birth. As a result, the mother of Moses put her newborn baby in a basket, floating him down the river where he was found by the Pharaoh’s daughter who raised the child as her own. When Moses grew up, aware of his Hebrew descent, he killed an Egyptian beating an Israelite slave and promptly fled the scene.
It was at this point that God communicated with the fugitive through a burning bush, ordering Moses to return his people, the Israelites, to the promised land of Canaan. Moses went on to organize the Israelites, becoming their leader, and demanded the Pharaoh put a stop to their forced labor. Despite turning his staff into a snake, the Pharaoh remains unconvinced, and prescribes even more work for the ill-fortuned Israelites.
As punishment, God sends a series of ten devastating plagues to wreak havoc on the ancient Egyptian kingdom. Among these plagues, the Nile is turned into blood, the dust of Egypt is transformed into gnats, swarms of locust appear and destroy crops, and festering boils riddle humans and animal alike with disease.
After the final plague, when all first-born males in Egypt are killed, the Pharaoh relents, releasing the Israelites. The wandering Hebrews head east to Mount Sinai, with Moses famously parting the Red Sea on the way. At Mount Sinai , God appears in a bluster of thunder and lightning, giving Moses two stone slabs with ten commandments that would define Jewish and Christian religious doctrine.
During the period of forced labor, Exodus 1:11 states how the Israelites “built for Pharaoh treasure cities, Pithom and Raamses.” The cities, which were said to have been constructed on virgin ground, were both characterized by lavish temples, a large size, many storerooms for treasures and riches, tall mud walls built without straw, and were located near to each other and on the Exodus route.
The tenth plague described in the Exodus was the selective killing of all Egyptian firstborn sons and firstborn cattle.
The location of Pithom, or Per-Atum after the Egyptian sun god Atum, has been narrowed down to two sites. In 1884, Edouard Naville, a Swiss archaeologist and Egyptologist, identified Pithom at Tell-el-Mashkutah, a site about 10 miles (16 km) west of Ismailia in Egypt where Naville uncovered many artifacts containing inscriptions alluding to Per-Atum. For example, one statue bore the words “the good recorder of Atum,” a Ptolemaic inscription mentioned the city three times, and many devotional monuments to Atum were discovered on the premises.
The archaeological finds further matched certain features of the Exodus account. The great size of Pithom was confirmed by the 55,000-yard (50,292 m) area enclosed in the wall, and the walls, which were made out of mud brick without straw, reflected the materials disclosed in the biblical description. The temple was situated on the most likely route of Exodus, the road leading out of Egypt called the Wadi Tumulat, and its position on the Red Sea-Nile trade route justified the unusually high number of storerooms excavated at the site, and showed that it was an important trading hub of the region.
Yet, although the timeworn objects encountered at the site alluded to Per-Atum, there was no definitive evidence that this was the name of the settlement used in ancient Egypt. In fact, the town was known as Tcheku during the 19th dynasty of Ramesses II . Moreover, the evidence for it as a newly built stronghold in Ramesside times, in accordance with the Exodus account, was lacking, and nearby Tell-er-Retabah was shown to have been built many years before Ramesses II’s New Kingdom.
In addition, some scholars, such as Eric Uphill, were unimpressed by the settlement, which lacked the grandeur of a city allegedly known throughout the ages, and pointed to an alternative site called Iunu. Iunu was a massive religious center, notably larger than Tell-er-Mashkutah, and housed multiple temple buildings and shrines.
Excavations revealed that most remains mentioned Ramesses II, and several architectural structures, such as a Ramesside-period guardhouse and features, such as a stone carved doorway inscribed with the words “beloved of Atum, the great god lord of Iunu,” strongly insinuated Ramesses II . Moreover, an ancient plan found on an offering table at Iunu has been linked with the layout of a Temple of Atum, a defining characteristic of the mythical Pithom. Pithom, then, had to be either at Tell-el-Mashkutah or Iunu.
Image of the brick store-chambers of the biblical metropolis of Pithom, believed to have been located at the archaeological site Tell El Maskhuta in Egypt.
The Hunt for the Biblical Metropolis of Raamses (Piramesses)
In marked contrast, the precise location of the biblical Raamses (also known as Piramesses), the second city presented in Exodus, was a lot more difficult to figure out. Initially, four sites were proposed: Tell-er-Retebah, Pelusium, Tanis, and Qantis.
The first, Tell-er-Retabah, about 62 miles (100 km) from Cairo, was conveniently located very close to Tell-er-Mashkutah, as Pithom and Raamses were said to be in the Exodus story, and featured a shrine to Ramesses II. A temple block depicting Ramesses II smiting a Syrian captive, as well as an inscription found on an official’s grave identifying him as “the Chief Archer, overseer of the granaries,” suggested the settlement had a strong Ramesses II affiliation and attested to the existence of storehouses.
Yet, this was probably the least convincing location of all the offered sites. The temple of Ramesses was far too small to be that of a royal residence, and there was no conclusive evidence linking the monuments with the city of Piramesses. The next area, Pelusium, was advanced by Gardner, after he combed the available Egyptian literature for references to Piramesses.
To Gardner, the city’s epithet “Great of Victories” strongly hinted that the city was located near the military road to Asia. Cross-referencing with Greco-Roman texts, he associated the description of Piramesses, “the Waters of Horus yield salt” and “the Waters of Horus yield rushes,” with an area of the Nile with running water in ancient Egypt’s 14th nome, also referred to as “The Waters of Horus” by the Romans and Greeks.
From two biblical references, Gardner maintained that the ancient citadel had to mark the boundary of Egypt, which was further supported by the descriptions in the Egyptian Anastasi texts which reported Piramesses as being “between Djahi and Egypt” and as “the forefront of every land, the land of Egypt.” This led Gardner to the sea-port of Pelesium, which he believed was big enough to be the Pharaoh’s capital through a reference to Greek geographer Strabo, who described it as being two and a quarter miles from the sea.
However, the major weakness of the argument was its reliance solely on the written record without any archaeological evidence to back its claims up. Adding to this, no finds relating to Ramesses II’s New Kingdom have ever been found in the area, and the location of Pelesium, 20 miles (32 km) from the official frontier town of Tchel, was wholly unsuitable for a capital city, being situated outside the frontiers of Egypt.
Archaeologists have been preoccupied with finding the ancient metropolises of Piramesses and Pithom. In the image an excavation at Tell el-Maskhuta in Egypt.
The third site was Tanis, where such an overwhelming trove of 19th dynasty Ramesses II artifacts were found that it convinced scholar M. Montet to abandon Pelesium. Also noteworthy was the lack of 18th dynasty monuments at the site and the inscriptions referring to new temple foundations, which implied that the temple of Atum was a new construction ordered by Ramesses II, fitting neatly into the Exodus story’s insistence that the temple was built by the Israelites on virgin ground. In addition, a whole plethora of deities linked with Ramesses II, such as Atum, Wadjit and Sekhmet, appeared to have shrines.
On the other hand, similar to the problems at Tell-er-Retabah, there were no direct references to Piramesses on any of the archaeological finds, and other Egyptologists argued that the Ramesses II objects were brought to Tanis from Memphis or Heliopolis where Ramesses II was already firmly established. Perhaps the biggest counter-argument comes from the literary references, which situated Wadjit’s place of worship in the north where Amun’s temple was recognized to be at the Tanis excavation.
The final and most compelling location proposed was Qantis. Paralleling the majority of the sites, numerous Ramesses II references could be found, and large granite blocks vouched for the existence of a temple. But, unlike the others, blue-glazed tiles reportedly from one of Ramesses II’s royal palaces were found in large numbers, leading some to speculate that a tile glazing factory was attached to the royal quarters. Furthermore, an inscription reading Per-Ramesses-meri-Amun (the royal residence) was the first time a direct reference to Piramesses was discovered in Egypt’s Eastern Delta.
Evidence from the site also indicated an unbroken line of royal monuments built over a period of 200 years, demonstrating that Qantis was not merely the place of a single king and suggested it was a major palace city. The scale and complexity of the tile-work, which included multiple colors and shades, had no comparison to other ancient Egyptian cities, and exemplified the splendor of Piramesses recounted in the literature.
Moreover, ground surveys from 1996, 2003, and 2008, showed that the residence was built on virgin ground. Qantis was clearly an enormous urban center with an extensive palace complex, and has since been identified as the most likely site of the illustrious city of Raamses from the Exodus story.
Although the existence of the ancient metropolises known as Pithom and Piramesses is undoubted, there still remains no historical evidence for the rest of the Exodus story . For a considerable length of time scholars based their thinking around the Exodus story, and its possible historical reality, on what is now viewed as the classical interpretation. Firstly, the Raamses in the biblical tale was identified as Pharaoh Ramesses II, who reigned between 1279 to 1213 BC, and his new capital Piramesses.
Secondly, a famous passage in the Papyrus Anastasi, about semi-nomadic tribes crossing into the Eastern Delta, was linked to the immigration of Israeli tribes into Egypt. Thirdly, it was assumed that with the end of the Ramesside period in 1069 BC and the fall of Piramesses as an esteemed capital city, that the name Ramesses disappeared with it. Finally, an inscription from the victory stela of Pharaoh Merneptah, from the year 1208 BC, which mentioned an ethnic group called “Israel” illustrated that the Exodus story had to have happened before this date, during the reign of Ramesses II.
However, there is simply no proof of an Israelite diaspora during the late second millennium BC when the Ramesses ruled Egypt. Ramesses II is known to have left behind the most records of any Egyptian monarch, however there is not a single mention of the events of the Exodus story. Moreover, in contrast to the classical theory, the names of the biblical metropolises Pithom and Ramesses (Piramesses) continued to live on after Ramesside times, with many places adopting the same names, making it impossible to exclusively locate the cities of the Exodus story to the 13th century BC.
The historical origins of the Israelite slavery have instead been linked to the forced labor of Jews in the 7th century BC under Pharaoh Necho of the 26th Dynasty and his oppressive taxation system. It is most likely that the Hebrew scribe who penned Exodus used the names Pithom and Raamses because they were instantly recognizable, and that his story had nothing to do with Egyptian history.
Top image: Israel’s Exodus from Egypt. Will archaeologists ever find concrete evidence for the Exodus and the metropolises the Israelites built in Egypt?
Tourist attractions dole out millions on advertising to entice visitors to travel to their location, spend money and go back and tell their friends to do the same. If no one is showing up, it could be the message – while it may have a lot of them, Beaver, Oklahoma’s, slogan is “Cow chip capital of the world.” Is that the best they can do? The same may be true when it comes to extraterrestrials visiting Earth – as Enrico Fermi once asked, “Where are they?” NASA has decided it could be the message sent to intelligent space civilizations back in 1974, so the space agency is developing a new one. ‘Earth is for lovers’?
We put the Rock in the Rockies?
“The decision to send a new message into the cosmos has been hotly debated since the pioneering work of Carl Sagan, Frank Drake and some others in the SETI community famously pro-communication with possible ETI in the Milky Way.”
In their new proposal, scientists from the Jet Propulsion Lab first recognize the message composed and sent out in 1974 by popular astronomer and cosmologist Carl Sagan and Frank Drake of the ‘Drake equation’ which estimated that there’s a huge number of intelligent civilizations out there waiting to hear from us. Theirs was the binary ‘Arecibo message’ beamed from the late great Arecibo radio telescope in Puerto Rico and included the numbers one to ten, the atomic numbers of the elements that make up DNA, and graphic images of a human being, the Solar System and the Arecibo radio telescope.
Would that convince you to visit Earth?
The Arecibo message has already outlived the Arecibo telescope but is still over 24,000 years from reaching its target – the M13 globular cluster. The ‘Beacon in the Galaxy’ message was proposed to send more information in an updated format to different and closer star clusters – 6,000 to 20,000 light years away – which have been identified since 1974 as having a high probability of intelligent life. The message will be sent using stronger telescopes – the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope in China and the SETI Institute’s Allen Telescope Array in northern California.
Wait a minute … those telescopes are powerful but, as the Eagles sang in ‘Hotel California’, they are “programmed to receive.”
Right you are, Eagles and astronomy fans. The JPL researchers are hoping that upcoming upgrades will allow them to send. What will they be sending in the binary ‘Beacon in the Galaxy’ message that is deemed to be a better galactic travel brochure than the Arecibo Message? An image of the four building blocks of DNA. A timeline from the Big Bang to when the message was sent which shows the dates of major achievements Newton’s laws, Einstein’s theory of relativity and the landing of a human on the Moon. Digital images of the solar system and the Sun and our location in the galaxy. Digitized images of people. And finally, an initiation to reply to the message with an image of the telescope to send it to.
Would THAT convince you to visit Earth? How about at least texting a reply?
Would a picture help?
“As discussed earlier, this message’s ultimate goal is to start a dialogue with ETI – no matter how far in the future that might occur.”
We’ve got the message – now we need the messenger. Hopefully, FAST or the Allen Telescope Array will be capable of transmitting soon. Unfortunately, even at the speed of light, we won’t be here to read the replies thousands of years from now. That doesn’t discourage the JPL scientists working on it, just as it didn’t discourage Carl Sagan and Frank Drake. They think some intelligent civilization is just waiting to hear about us.
“Humanity has, we contend, a compelling story to share and the desire to know of others’—and now has the means to do so.”
I thought that, today, I would share with you what sometimes goes down in the world of a writer on matters relative to the paranormal, the supernatural, the occult, and the UFO phenomenon. This undeniably strange example of many took place on February 28, 2016, but it’s still just as relevant. On checking my email around 8:30 a.m., I saw I had one from a woman named Belinda. She had a traumatic dream two nights earlier. And, she encountered a Man in Black wearing shiny black gloves. In the dream, the MIB pursued her along an old railroad track – one that was seemingly never-ending. Only when the MIB was within a few feet of her did Belinda wake up with an ear-piercing scream. Something which Belinda’s husband attested to. Over the years, a few reports have surfaced of the menacing Men in Black wearing black gloves, but certainly nowhere near the extent to which they are associated with black fedoras and old, 1950s-era black cars. Between October of 2015 and the early part of 2016, however, I received what I can only describe as a “cluster” of reports of the MIB wearing black gloves. In other words, Belinda’s case was not alone. There were others, too.
(Nick Redfern):
not a bad car at all!
Now, if I got – let’s say – a report or two every couple of years of gloved MIB, I probably wouldn’t have given the matter much thought. But, that was not the case: I received eight such accounts across a handful of months, not even including that of Belinda. And, from varying parts of the United States. Admittedly, at first, I thought this might have been some curious kind of MIB “spam.” Or “fake news.” Namely, a group of people deciding to get together and waste my time with a bunch of bogus, concocted tales. But, having spoken on the phone with six of them, and having had extensive email exchanges with the others, I was quickly one hundred percent sure that this was not the case. Of the group, six had experiences with the gloved MIB in what were classic states of hypnagogia. For those who may not be aware of the phenomenon, it is “the experience of the transitional state from wakefulness to sleep.” It’s a stage in which people can hear voices and unclear mumbling. Loud “bang”-like noises are not uncommon. Nor are the sounds of a door knocking or a doorbell ringing. Visual hallucinations can occur, too. Sometimes, such events are traumatic. On other occasions, however, they’re uplifting. The phenomenon of “sleep paralysis” can also be a factor in hypnagogia, but certainly not always.
Now, the down to earth explanation for hypnagogia is that it’s purely a product of the brain, provoked by that aforementioned hazy state of being semi-awake and partially-asleep. Over the years, however, I have spoken with more than a few people who are absolutely sure in their minds that there is something else to all of this: a belief that paranormal entities can literally “invade” our dream-states. And, perhaps, our semi-dream states, too. Of course, there’s no hard evidence for this, but that hasn’t stopped such a theory from persisting. And particularly so in so-called “alien abduction” experiences, and also with regard to encounters with the likes of the “Old Hag,” and Incubus– and Succubus-type creatures. It seems that now we can now add the Men in Black gloves to that list. As controversial as it may sound, I’m quite open to the idea that what many people assume to be internal experiences may have an external “Fortean” aspect attached to them. One of the reasons being when I get these “cluster”-style reports. Now, I’m not saying that an entire bunch of people – spread all across the United States and unknown to each other – couldn’t share weirdly similar experiences. But, across just a few months? And all with the imagery of MIB wearing black gloves? And they all decide to contact me? That’s when I begin to think that we’re not dealing with just hypnagogia. We’re dealing with entities from other realms and that, for the most part, appear when we are in the sleep state. Of course, that’s when we are at our most vulnerable. As all the above shows, these “things” know exactly when and where to launch their attacks. And, “attacks” are exactly what I call them.
Alien Contact – Outer Space | Full UFO Documentary
Alien Contact – Outer Space | Full UFO Documentary
Many think of Space as a desolate vacuum of emptiness but new evidence reveals that space is rife with activity beyond our comprehension. Just as we have sent probes beyond our solar system, Aliens have not only sent probes in the past, but they may be here now.
Some people just seem to be burdened with a weird legacy. Born in Lethbridge, Alberta, in 1910, Wilbert Brockhouse Smith was an engineering specialist who went on to be the chief engineer for radio station CJOR in Vancouver before later working for Canada’s federal Department of Transport in 1939, also serving as senior radio engineer for Transport Canada’s Broadcast and Measurements Section. There he proved invaluable in designing wartime monitoring systems and making several groundbreaking advances in radio technology, gathering a number of patents in the process. It was during this time that he would acquire a deep interest in geo-magnetic forces, which he believed could be harnessed for energy, and in the late 1940s he got caught up in the UFO fever that was sweeping the world at the time. It was with these ideas and theories that he would usher in Canada’s very weird project to investigate aliens, UFOs, and extraterrestrial technology.
At the time this was more than just a passing interest, and by all accounts Smith was absolutely obsessed with UFOs, constantly contemplating them and studying about them. At the time he had many ideas on UFOs and their potential occupants. He believed that aliens perhaps saw us as lower lifeforms to be studied, very much like a scientist might study insects, and that this was perhaps one reason they made little contact with us other than those they deemed capable of comprehending them. He also believed that they would take a very different physical form than us, and that they might even be robots, saying:
If we are to rely on sightings data alone, we are bound to get a rather one-sided idea of these creatures. For example, we see saucers traveling at terrific speeds and then suddenly stop or change direction. Under our concepts of physics, no creature of flesh, blood and bone could withstand the terrific forces which would be associated with such actions. Therefore we are led to assume that the saucerians must be some manner of robot or a creature the like of which we have never encountered.
Smith was absolutely fascinated with not only UFOs in general, but particularly in how they theoretically operated. He became increasingly convinced that if these craft were indeed on Earth, then they were likely powered by geo-magnetic fields. He was so convinced of this, in fact, that he began work on starting a government organization devoted to pursuing this avenue of research. In December of 1950, he met with a Dr. Osmand Solandt, chairman of the Canadian Defence Research Board (DRB) to talk about his plans to study the geo-magnetic forces he was so sure were inextricably linked to alien technology, as well as to collect data about UFOs and use this data towards the development of new avenues of engineering and technology. He was certain that this unique research would illuminate new propulsion systems based on the manipulation of magnetism, all he needed was the equipment, funds, and personnel to make it happen. It was officially meant to be the study of geo-magnetism and how it might be harnessed as a propulsion system for vehicles, and indeed UFO research was not mentioned in Smith’s initial project proposal, in which he wrote:
This project is for the purpose of studying magnetic phenomena, particularly those phenomena resulting from unusual boundary conditions in the basic electromagnetic field. There is reason to believe their discovery will open up a new and useful technology. The initial program shall include the following avenues of investigations, to which others may be added from time to time as may appear expedient.
1.Theoretical study of electromagnetic radiation assuming boundary conditions different from those upon which the conventional theory was developed.
2. Laboratory study of mechanical forces associated with electron drift and electric currents in metallic masses.
3. Theoretical and laboratory study of magnetic domain resonance conditions in magnetic materials.
4. Investigation of the propagation of magnetic wave motion in magnetic materials.
5. Investigate the possibility of producing, an effect, a “sink” in a magnetic field.
6. Investigate the possibility of producing, in effect, single isolated magnetic poles.
7. Investigate the effects of a magnetic field on a rotating curviplaner metallic object.
Solandt was intrigued, and after petitioning the government Commander C.P. Edwards, Deputy Minister of Transport for Air Services, accepted the proposal, and in 1952 Project Magnet was born. It was sold as a project to uncover potential new areas of technology, but with Smith at the helm there was a heavy emphasis on its relation to the UFO phenomena, with him being inspired by the top UFO researchers at the time and their literature on the matter. Smith would write in a 1950 declassified top-secret report:
While in Washington attending the NARB Conference, two books were released, one titled “Behind the Flying Saucers” by Frank Scully, and the other “The Flying Saucers are Real” by Donald Keyhoe. Both books deal mostly with the sightings of unidentified objects and both books claim that flying object were of extra-terrestrial origin and might well be space ships from another planet. Scully claimed that the preliminary studies of one saucer that fell into the hands of the United States Government indicated that they operated on some hitherto unknown magnetic principles. It appeared to me that our own work in geo-magnetics might well be the linkage between our technology and the technology by which the saucers are designed and operated. If it is assumed that our geo-magnetic investigations are in the right direction, the theory of operation of the saucers becomes quite straightforward, with all observed features explained qualitatively and quantitatively. We believe that we are on the track of something which may well prove to be the introduction of a new technology. The existence of a different technology is borne out by the investigations which are being carried on at the present time in relation to flying saucers.
The project itself was a rather modest affair, operated at Department of Defense facilities, with some assistance from personnel at the Defence Research Board. During the course of this research, Smith would write in reports that he had managed to not only successfully extract sufficient energy from the earth’s magnetic field, but also design a sort of mini version of a flying saucer, in essence proving that the technology could work and that they were on the right track, demonstrating the soundness of the basic principles. Smith also had installed an observatory at Shirley’s Bay, outside Ottawa, for the purpose of observing UFOs in the area and to measure and monitor their physical characteristics and influence on anomalies in the local magnetic and radiation fields. The facility was fully equipped for this purpose, complete with a magnetometer, a gamma-ray detector, a powerful radio receiver, and a gravimeter to measure gravity fields. At the time is was all classified, but rumors were making the rounds among the public that the top-secret facility had something to do with UFOs, something the Canadian government denied. In 1952, Smith was one of the driving forces for Project Second Storey, which was sort of Canada’s answer to Project Blue Book, an organization for studying UFO reports and discussing their possible implications and made up of representatives from the Directorates of Air and Naval Intelligence, Military Operations and Planning and members of the DRB.
In addition to this research, Smith continued to make some pretty bold claims. In 1952 he claimed that the U.S. Air Force had in their possession a piece of a UFO that had been shot at near Washington, D.C., and not only that, but that he himself had seen and studied the fragment. His first official preliminary report on his project’s status also stated that UFOs probably came from intelligent, extraterrestrial sources and almost certainly manipulated magnetism for flight. He also would write of classified information he had allegedly managed to get from inside sources which bolstered his theories, saying in one memo:
I made discrete inquiries through the Canadian Embassy staff in Washington who were able to obtain for me the following information;
1.The matter is the most highly classified subject in the United States Government, rating higher even than the H-bomb
2. Flying saucers exist.
3. Their modus operandi is unknown but concentrated effort is being made by a small group headed by Dr. Vannavar Bush.
4. The entire matter is considered by the United States authorities to be of tremendous significance.
I was further informed that the United States authorities are investigating along quite a number of lines which might possibly be related to the saucers such as mental phenomena and I gather that they are not doing to well since they indicated that if Canada’s doing anything at all in geo-magnetics they would welcome a discussion with suitably accredited Canadians. While I am not yet in a position to say that we have solved even the first problems in geo-magnetic energy release, I feel that the correlation between our basic theory and the available information on saucers checks too closely to be mere coincidence. It is my honest opinion that we are on the right track and are fairly close to at least some of the answers.
Perhaps nervous of this candid disclosure or delusional rantings, depending on which one believes, in 1954, the Canadian government would officially end funding for Project Magnet, finally admitting to the public that it had been for the purpose of studying UFOs, but that “no definite conclusions had been reached.” Smith would keep Project Magnet going on his own dime, and during these years his claims would become more outlandish than ever before. He would make the claim that UFOs were linked to psychic phenomena, and that he was in contact with extraterrestrial beings, “space brothers,” who communicated to him through telepathy. He also claimed that he had perfected a way to “direct the signal mentally” to carry out these communications. He would even claim to have seen dead alien bodies and that he had been abducted by extraterrestrials. Many of his ideas and theories were released in his book “The New Science,” and he would continue his own self-funded research at Shirley Bay all the way up to his death in 1962.
Despite what at the time were seen as fringe ideas to the general public, Smith has remained important to the UFO field, often called “the father of disclosure,” and even within mainstream science he is an important figure, having been posthumously awarded the Lieutenant-Colonel Keith S. Rogers Memorial Engineering Award, given for dedicated service in the advancement of Technical Standards in Canadian Broadcasting. Smith has remained an intriguing figure in the history of ufology, as has his mysterious Project Magnet. What was going on here and what was the true extent of their findings? What was the story with Smith and how much of this was real in any sense? We may never know for sure.
NASA's Upcoming SPHEREx Mission Will map the Entire Universe in Infrared Every 6 Months
NASA's Upcoming SPHEREx Mission Will map the Entire Universe in Infrared Every 6 Months
The universe is cold and dark. And yet, within the dark, there is a faint glow of warmth. Across the sky, there are objects that emit infrared light, similar to the light that warms your hands near a campfire. By observing this light, astronomers can see the cosmos in a way that looks very different from that seen by our eyes.
Both ground-based and space-based infrared telescopes have been around for quite some time, but with the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), astronomers will be able to capture the infrared sky in unprecedented detail. It will allow us to see warm planets huddled near their star, and distant galaxies so ancient that their bright visible light has redshifted to faint infrared. It will change our understanding of the early universe and perhaps reveal evidence of alien life.
A JWST engineering image of the star 2MASS J17554042+6551277, uses a red filter to optimize visual contrast. Credits: NASA/STScI
But there is one aspect of the JWST that is very limiting. It is designed to capture high-resolution images of small areas of the sky. This is true for most telescopes since it is difficult to create an image with is both wide and detailed. Because of this, JWST will only be able to capture a fraction of the sky over time. For example, the Hubble Space Telescope has given us amazing views of the heavens, but in its 30-year mission, it has only captured about 0.1% of the visible sky.
To counter this limitation we can create sky-survey telescopes. The Vera Rubin Observatory is being constructed specifically for this purpose. Its 8-meter mirror is designed to give a view of the sky several Moon-widths across. When completed, it will capture most of the southern sky every few days. It will not only allow astronomers to study a vast range of celestial objects, but it will also allow them to study how these objects change over time. It will be an amazing tool for visible light astronomy, but what about infrared?
This is where the upcoming SPHEREx mission comes in. Scheduled to launch by April of 2025, SPHEREx will capture 99% of the sky every six months. This does come at a cost of resolution. The SPHEREx images will not be nearly as detailed as JWST. But since they will both observe infrared light they can work together to see more of our universe. SPHEREx will focus on the background heat of the deep universe, and look for water and complex organic molecules hidden within the gas and dust of stellar nurseries. And when SPHEREx finds something unusual, JWST can step in for a closer look.
The James Webb Telescope will surely give us some amazing views over the next few years. With SPHEREx coming soon on its heels, the infrared revelations of JWST are surely just the beginning.
Cube UFO Seen Near Sun On March 28, 2022, Photos, UFO Sighting News.
Cube UFO Seen Near Sun On March 28, 2022, Photos, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: March 28, 2022 Location of sighting: Earths sun
Source: NASA/SOHO
I found a cube in a NASA SOHO image today. The cube is unlike any I have seen before in the way that it is highly detailed within itself. I mean that within the cube I can see lots of detail of bars, edges, cross pieces that I have never seen on other cubes. If this was pixelization, there would be other pixels, however its only here and its nothing like pixelization. This is an object...cube shaped near our sun. Also notice the focus of the bottom part of the craft is less focused and more blurry, and the upper part is more focused...pixelization does not do that, its the same everywhere. Therefore this is a real UFO the size of the moon or bigger.
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
PS I will place a few other cubes below to compare...tell me this is not a UFO! You can't. Its100% real.
The examples below are proof that these are UFOs...pixelization doesn't look like this.
Rare Jellyfish UFO Produces Three Orbs Over New York, 3-26-2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Rare Jellyfish UFO Produces Three Orbs Over New York, 3-26-2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: March 26, 2022
Location of sighting: Bronx, New York, USA
Wow, check out this amazing catch. An eyewitness in New York caught sight of a jellyfish shaped UFO and if that was not enough...three small brown orbs came out of the UFO and moved away. I have head of the jellyfish UFOs but they are one of the rarest sights ever recorded. I only see one video every six months of these objects and this one does have the best detail in years. Fantastic catch. Undeniable proof that UFOs exist over New York!
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
Eyewitness states:
I recorded this from my window something drops something that looks like balloons but I'm not sure and if you look closely you see when the video starts at the top right it crosses something that looks like a flying saucer but I only realized after watching the video.
Guy Using Drone Catches UFO During Sunset In Malaysia, March 27, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Guy Using Drone Catches UFO During Sunset In Malaysia, March 27, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: March 27, 2022 Location of sighting: Sungai, Petani, Kedah, Malaysia
A eyewitness in Malaysia was using a drone to record some footage of the sunset when an unknown craft shoot past the camera. The craft had speeds far beyond that of a bird, kite or even a jet. This object really moved!
It's a well known fact among UFO researchers that drone UFOs are in the sky for one purpose over all others...to investigate anything that flies. Because it takes the highest tech to do so most the time. This UFO shot past to investigate the drone, unknowingly getting caught on the camera. Aliens want to see our latest and greatest tech that flies...because it helps them predict how long till we go to them in space.
This is 100% proof that alien drones are attracted our drones. Now...let's get those cameras in the sky and catch more!
On January 6, 2022, a couple of boys filmed an object hovering silently over their heads. These extraordinary images taken with their phones, were captured on Etna, in the Piano Vetore road, at these coordinates: 37 ° 41’38.1 “N 14 ° 58’56.8” E
Many people think of Space as a quiet and desolate vacuum of emptiness, but new evidence reveals that space is rife with activity beyond our comprehension. Just as we sent Voyager and Pioneer probes beyond our solar system, Aliens have probes of their own that may have arrived as early as the 1600’s. While Tesla was the first to successfully communicate with neighboring worlds using radio waves, we have received recent signals from intelligent sources. In 1989, Russian Space Probe Phobos 2 photographed a UFO on the surface of Mars just prior to losing contact. Scientists have determined that the craft was real and of a thin elliptical shape over 20 miles in length. We are not alone in outer space and while the Aliens may be initiating contact, they could also be here already.
Artificial intelligence aliens may not be as appealing as those who are warm-blooded and squishy, but it’s probably more accurate to imagine them that way
If extraterrestrials come to Earth, the ensuing scenario would be quite different than picking up an alien radio signal or detecting a flashing laser in the sky.’
Photograph: Construction Photography/Avalon/Getty Images
I’m an astronomer at the Seti Institute, a non-profit research organization in California’s Silicon Valley. My colleagues and I look for extraterrestrial life, including intelligent beings – or in the vernacular, aliens. It’s exciting times for people like me, because extra-terrestrial life is being widely discussed now in the lead-up to the Pentagon’s highly anticipated report on so-called unexplained aerial phenomena.
Yet I should say straight away that I am not expecting any big revelations out of the report. I think it’s overwhelmingly likely that aliens are present in our galaxy. But I don’t believe they’re hanging out in our airspace. Not now, and not in historic times.
Claims that extraterrestrials helped build large, pointy monuments in the Egyptian desert 5,000 years ago are, frankly, laughable. And I don’t think that videos made by cameras on navy F-18 Hornets actually show alien craft darting around the skies above the Pacific. There are more prosaic explanations for these videos: no extraterrestrials required.
But in a galaxy in which every third star is likely to host an Earth-size planet, it hardly seems possible that our world is the only one sporting intelligence. Which raises the possibility that we might someday make contact. If that occurs, what might the inhabitants of other worlds be like? The question is especially relevant if – as often happens in science-fiction – the aliens decide to pay us a visit.
If extraterrestrials come to Earth, the ensuing scenario would be quite different than picking up an alien radio signal or detecting a flashing laser in the sky, modes of discovery being pursued by my colleagues and myself. The aliens producing such signals will be light years away, and their appearance and intentions wouldn’t be of much concern. But those of anyone landing their spacecraft on our turf would be.
Consider their looks. On Earth, nature has spawned a wide variety of living forms, and presumably would do so anywhere multicellular life exists. All terrestrials have DNA blueprints, and share similarities in molecular makeup. Nonetheless, few of our fellow Terrans resemble us. The extraterrestrials wouldn’t either.
This argues against the iconic aliens of film and TV, those little gray guys who are no more than modified humans. Their four appendages, upright stance, and absence of body hair are simple extrapolations of ourselves. Yes, Hollywood offers up these beings as residents of faraway worlds. But really they’re just the guy next door, lacking in eyebrows and whites in their eyes.
Any aliens that trek to our planet are unlikely to be carbon-based life forms, either hirsute or hairless. Their cognitive abilities will probably not be powered by a spongy mass of cells we’d call a brain. They will probably have gone beyond biological smarts and, indeed, beyond biology itself. They won’t be alive.
The reason is a simple consequence of the staggering distances to the stars. Even the nearest, Proxima Centauri, is 25tn miles from Earth. Our fastest rockets would take 75,000 years to reach it. Neither humans nor Klingons are built to withstand such trips.
You might be thinking that the aliens might have far speedier spacecraft. Without doubt, that’s possible. But there are natural limitations to high-speed rockets. Suppose that an alien would like to cover the distance between Proxima Centauri and Earth in 10 years. Their rocket would need to muster 600m times as much energy as a Saturn V rocket. Double that number if they plan to come to a stop at Earth and engage with the locals.
This may sound like an annoying practical matter that can be dismissed by noting that aliens could be far more advanced than us. And that’s easily possible: The universe is three times the age of our solar system, so the Galaxy may house societies that are millions or even billions of years ahead of Homo sapiens. Nevertheless, while their technology might be in a different league, the aliens must operate under the same laws of physics. Star Trek and similar scenarios aside, it’s extremely difficult to traverse light-years of space in less than a lifetime – anyone’s lifetime. You can call up Scotty in the engine room, but he won’t be able to help.
Traveling from one solar system to another is incredibly difficult and expensive. However, if you’re not in a hurry, the prospects for an interstellar voyage brighten considerably. Such leisurely trips aren’t going to appeal to biological passengers who will die long before their destination is reached. Machines, on the other hand, won’t complain if they’re cooped up in a spaceship for tens of thousands of years. They don’t require food, oxygen, sanitation or entertainment. And they don’t insist on a round-trip ticket.
Artificial intelligence aliens may not be as appealing as those who are warm-blooded and squishy, but we shouldn’t get hung up on an anthropocentric viewpoint. Researchers who work in AI estimate that machines able to beat humans on an IQ test will emerge from the labs by mid-century. If we can do it, some extraterrestrials will have already done it.
Therefore it’s reasonable to expect that any cosmic intelligence paying us a visit will be synthetic. That rules out easy speculation on what the “aliens” will look like. But if it’s a machine, who cares?
Of greater concern would be its intentions. Most sci-fi stories postulate that visitors would be noxious, arriving with a primal urge to obliterate Los Angeles or London. Frankly, if that’s what’s on their mechanical minds, it’s probably impossible to keep them at bay. Chimps couldn’t outsmart humans in any serious confrontation. Likewise, devices who can manage a trip to Earth will have the capability to do whatever they wish once they get here.
It’s a sure bet that any face-to-face encounter with extraterrestrials will be fraught. So, if alien craft ever do settle on the White House lawn, you can hope that whatever’s inside is friendly. If not, there’s always negotiation.
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27-03-2022
NASA Provides Update to Astronaut Moon Lander Plans Under Artemis
NASA Provides Update to Astronaut Moon Lander Plans Under Artemis
An illustration of a suited Artemis astronaut looking out of a Moon lander hatch across the lunar surface, the Lunar Terrain Vehicle and other surface elements. Credits: NASA
As NASA makes strides to return humans to the lunar surface under Artemis, the agency announced plans Wednesday to create additional opportunities for commercial companies to develop an astronaut Moon lander.
Under this new approach, NASA is asking American companies to propose lander concepts capable of ferrying astronauts between lunar orbit and the lunar surface for missions beyond Artemis III, which will land the first astronauts on the Moon in more than 50 years.
Built and operated according to NASA’s long-term requirements at the Moon, new landers will have the capability to dock to a lunar orbiting space station known as Gateway, increase crew capacity, and transport more science and technology to the surface.
“Under Artemis, NASA will carry out a series of groundbreaking missions on and around the Moon to prepare for the next giant leap for humanity: a crewed mission to Mars,” said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. “Competition is critical to our success on the lunar surface and beyond, ensuring we have the capability to carry out a cadence of missions over the next decade. Thank you to the Biden Administration and Congress for their support of this new astronaut lander opportunity, which will ultimately strengthen and increase flexibility for Artemis.”
NASA’s plans call for long-term lunar exploration and include landing the first woman and first person of color on the Moon as part of future Artemis missions. The agency is pursuing two parallel paths for continuing lunar lander development and demonstration, one that calls for additional work under an existing contract with SpaceX, and another open to all other U.S. companies to provide a new landing demonstration mission from lunar orbit to the surface of the Moon.
In April 2021, NASA selected SpaceX as its partner to land the next American astronauts on the lunar surface. That demonstration mission is targeted for no earlier than April 2025. Exercising an option under the original award, NASA now is asking SpaceX to transform the company’s proposed human landing system into a spacecraft that meets the agency’s requirements for recurring services for a second demonstration mission. Pursuing more development work under the original contract maximizes NASA’s investment and partnership with SpaceX.
To bring a second entrant to market for the development of a lunar lander in parallel with SpaceX, NASA will issue a draft solicitation in the coming weeks. This upcoming activity will lay out requirements for a future development and demonstration lunar landing capability to take astronauts between orbit and the surface of the Moon. This effort is meant to maximize NASA’s support for competition and provides redundancy in services to help ensure NASA’s ability to transport astronauts to the lunar surface.
This upcoming second contract award, known as the Sustaining Lunar Development contract, combined with the second option under SpaceX’s original landing award, will pave the way to future recurring lunar transportation services for astronauts at the Moon.
“This strategy expedites progress toward a long-term, sustaining lander capability as early as the 2026 or 2027 timeframe,” said Lisa Watson-Morgan, program manager for the Human Landing System Program at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. “We expect to have two companies safely carry astronauts in their landers to the surface of the Moon under NASA’s guidance before we ask for services, which could result in multiple experienced providers in the market.”
After the new draft solicitation is published, NASA will host a virtual industry day. Once comments and questions from the draft solicitation process have been reviewed, the agency plans by to issue the formal request for proposals this summer.
Astronaut Moon landers are a vital part of NASA’s deep space exploration plans, along with the Space Launch System rocket, Orion spacecraft, ground systems, and Gateway. NASA is committed to using a commercial astronaut lunar lander to carry the astronauts to the surface of the Moon, expanding exploration and preparing humanity for the next giant leap, human exploration of Mars.
For more information about this procurement, visit:
The alarmist Guardian’s ‘climate disaster’ turns out to be ‘climate mitigation’, due to the massive snowfall. A so-called heatwave where temperatures reached a chilly 10 degrees Fahrenheit (-12 Celsius), seems to have fooled a lot of people. The Guardian speculates that ‘climate breakdown could be accelerating’, but seeing what you wanted to see doesn’t always work. – – – While researchers say it’s too early to know what role, if any, climate change plays here, the event has their attention because it’s so extreme, says NBC News.
It’s been a strange stretch for the icy desert at the bottom of the world.
In mid-March, temperatures in parts of East Antarctica soared 70 degrees Fahrenheit above average. It was high enough for researchers living there to brave the elements for a bare-chested group photo.
The comparatively balmy temperatures, which reached around 10 degrees Fahrenheit, arrived courtesy of a history-making atmospheric river — a plume of concentrated moisture that flows through the sky.
This one brought an incredible dump of snow in the inner reaches of the ice sheet, something quite rare for the area.
And in what could be a separate development, the Conger Ice Shelf — a hunk of ice similar in area to Los Angeles — collapsed into the sea right around the same time, satellite imaging shows.
Researchers are scrambling to make sense of what has happened. The surprising temperatures and moisture are already changing how they think about weather in Antarctica and raising questions about what impacts the continent could see if such a wild temperature swing had happened in summer — or in a warmer future.
And while researchers say it’s too early to know what role, if any, climate change is playing here, the event has their attention because it’s so extreme.
“It was something we didn’t think was possible in Antarctica, the magnitude of heat, especially in what should be the cold season in Antarctica,” said Jonathan Wille, a postdoctoral researcher at the Université Grenoble Alpes in France, of the heat wave. “We’ve never seen the atmosphere behave like this over Antarctica.”
The heat wave and dramatic inland snowfall highlight the importance of a better understanding of the complicated dynamics of atmospheric rivers — which today bolster the ice sheet but could be cause for concern in the future. Better grasping these patterns could be key to understanding the polar region’s future.
Having snowfall during a heat wave might sound counterintuitive, but this is Antarctica, after all, where inland winter temperatures routinely fall beneath 60 degrees below zero.
The recent atmospheric river event played out over several days. March 17 was the fourth-wettest day since 1980 for the ice sheet, according to modeling and analysis by Xavier Fettweis, a climatology professor at the University of Liège in Belgium.
A day later, temperatures at the Concordia station, a research station nearly 700 miles from the coast, spiked to a high of about 10 degrees Fahrenheit, stunning researchers.
“An extreme event of this magnitude has never been observed at Dome C,” said Peter Neff, a glaciologist, climate scientist and assistant research professor at the University of Minnesota, referring to the Concordia area.
Coastal temperatures rose above freezing levels, and rain pattered the coast. Intense snowfall across the interior of East Antarctica added an estimated 69 gigatons of water mass to the ice sheet, according to modeling by Fettweis. That’s the equivalent of nearly 28 million Olympic-size swimming pools of added water mass that came down in frozen form. That represents more than a third of the yearly ice loss in Antarctica.
“It added much more mass to the ice sheet than it took away,” Wille said. “Events like this, they help mitigate some of the sea level rise caused by climate change” by storing water as polar ice.
Such snowfall offers important protection, too.
Some Antarctic ice shelves — floating ice that clings to coastal Antarctica — are losing mass and at risk of collapse into the sea. Today, much of that risk comes from the ice melting from below, in warm water.
But in other polar regions, such as Greenland, ice shelves are melting from below — and also above — as surface temperatures rise, Neff said. Surface melt can create ponds of dense water that can more easily absorb heat, open crevasses and “jackhammer” downward until ice cleaves and collapses.
For sensitive parts of Antarctica, adding mass and a protective layer of hardening snow provides some cushion.
“Snowfall is a good thing, because it adds to this buffering layer on the surface of this ice sheet. The buffer can absorb more melt in the future,” said Michelle Maclennan, a doctoral student at the University of Colorado in Boulder, who has studied the effects of atmospheric rivers in West Antarctica and the vulnerable Thwaites Glacier. “As long as atmospheric rivers are causing a lot of snowfall and that snowfall is dominating impacts of surface melt, we’re going to see that they have this net positive effect on Antarctica.”
Often called rivers in the sky, atmospheric rivers aren’t uncommon in Antarctica.
Wille’s previous research suggests they’re responsible for about 10 to 20 percent of total snowfall across East Antarctica. West Antarctica can see anywhere from a handful to more than 10 events a year, Maclennan said.
These patterns originate in oceans and at warmer latitudes. “They’re like firehouses of moisture,” Neff said.
That firehose during mid-March was the strangest observed in Antarctica.
“Upper-level pressure values were like six standard deviations from the mean,” Wille said. Temperatures soared beyond what researchers thought was possible for this season. Moisture penetrated much deeper into the continent than usual.
The anomaly raises new questions. How these patterns act in the future could have significant consequences for ice shelves and for sea level rise across the globe.
Take the Thwaites Glacier, in West Antarctica. The Thwaites is losing ice at one of the fastest rates in the region and contributes to a few percentage points of global sea level rise each year, Maclennan said. That trend is driven by warm ocean water melting the bottom of the floating ice shelf, not surface melt. If the glacier were to collapse, it could precede as much as 10 feet of sea level rise over decades or centuries, according to Neff.
Today, atmospheric rivers help buffer the Thwaites by providing heavy snowfall that help protect the ice. Their impact outweighs any surface melt they cause, Maclennan said. But such an extreme event raises questions about what impacts these weather patterns could have in the future.
“If you had a serious atmospheric river hit that shelf, what would that do?” Neff wondered. “If this hit Thwaites Glacier in the middle of the summer, it would be consequential.”
Neff believes Thwaites could absorb such a “punch” today, but also believes the glacier could be more vulnerable later this century as the climate warms.
Said Maclennan: “It’s hard to judge what the impacts might be, but this event does really challenge us to change our understanding of what the range of extremes has been.”
The issue requires more study. Scientists only began to focus on atmospheric rivers in Antarctica around 2013.
In Antarctica, it can be difficult to know what’s normal or expected. Temperatures can seesaw wildly, the continent has relatively few weather stations and satellite observations only stretch back about 40 years.
“The classic problem in Antarctica — everything is stacked against you to be able to put anything in context,” Neff said.
The fingerprint of climate change hasn’t emerged clearly in this region as it has elsewhere in the world.
Was the heat wave a new signal of its impacts? Researchers don’t know yet.
“This does fit into a broader pattern we’re seeing of these extreme weather events that break our notion of what we think could happen in our climate system,” Wille said, comparing the event’s surprising nature to the 2021 flooding in Germany and the heat dome in the Pacific Northwest that shattered temperature records. “Was this event caused by climate change or influenced by climate change? We have to study that.”
Wille said it’s possible that this type of weather could be something to be expected rarely — say once every 100 years — regardless of climate change. It’s possible researchers haven’t been measuring Antarctic weather trends long enough to witness an anomaly like this before, he said.
Neff — who drills and analyzes ice cores to puzzle out evidence of past climates — said those cores could one day provide some answers.
In the weeks leading up to the heat wave, the Conger Ice Shelf in East Antarctica began to break apart.
Sometime around March 15, near the time the heat wave began to ramp up, the ice shelf collapsed entirely, sending icebergs floating into the sea.
“East Antarctica is starting to change. There is mass loss starting to happen,” Helen Amanda Fricker, the co-director of the Scripps Polar Center at the University of California San Diego, told The Associated Press.
“We need to know how stable each one of the ice shelves are because once one disappears” it means glaciers melt into the warming water and “some of that water will come to San Diego and elsewhere.”
The collapse was “teeny tiny” by Antarctic standards and unlikely to have substantial impacts, Neff wrote in a message. But such events are rare in East Antarctica, which is generally more stable, he said. It’s not clear if the atmospheric river and its heat are linked to the collapse.
Still, it’s another odd episode in a season of strange twists and turns.
“We can’t sleep on East Antarctica thinking it’s a static big ice cube,” Neff wrote. The collapse “makes us think, just like the atmospheric river.”
New Michael Salla: Space Arks and the Arriving ET Seeders
New Michael Salla: Space Arks and the Arriving ET Seeders
This is a Short Film/Trailer for the upcoming April 9, 2022 Webinar: “ET Seeders, Space Arks and the Great Reveal”. Covers origins of ancient space arks used in past Earth catastrophes, the planetary evacuation of Mars, how the arks have been hidden throughout our solar system, how a plan for the Seeders to publicly emerge in the 1970s were sabotaged by a Luciferian alliance, how the arks are activating all over the Earth with the arrival of extraterrestrial Seeder races, and much more.
Jack Kirby was a skilled artist and storyteller who – with Marvel Comics’ Stan Lee – co-created such characters as the Incredible Hulk, the Avengers, and the Fantastic Four. But, it’s to a 1958 series that we have to turn our attentions.Its title was Race for the Moon, and it was solely the work of Jack Kirby. Race for the Moon was a trilogy, with part-2 titled “The Face on Mars.” It is focused upon the discovery on Mars – by U.S. astronauts – of a vast, carved human-like face on the surface of the so-called Red Planet. Kirby’s story would likely have fallen into obscurity, were it not for one, significant fact: in 1976, what appeared to be a huge, human-like face – cast out of rock – was photographed in a region of Mars called Cydonia. The late Mac Tonnies – the author of After the Martian Apocalypse – spent years addressing, and studying, the matter of what became known as a real-life Face on Mars.
Mac told me: “The first two objects to attract attention were the Face and the ‘D&M Pyramid,’ both unearthed by digital imaging specialists Vincent DiPietro and Gregory Molenaar. Their research was published in “Unusual Martian Surface Features”; shortly after, Richard Hoagland pointed out a collection of features near the Face which he termed the “City.” NASA itself discovered the Face and even showed it at a press conference after it had been photographed by the Viking mission in the 1970s. Of course, it was written off as a curiosity. Scientific analysis would have to await independent researchers.” He continued: “When NASA dismissed the Face as a ‘trick of light,’ they cited a second, disconfirming photo allegedly taken at a different sun-angle. This photo never existed. DiPietro and Molenaar had to dig through NASA archives to find a second image of the Face — and, far from disputing the face-like appearance, it strengthened the argument that the Face remained face-like from multiple viewing angles. The prevailing alternative to NASA’s geological explanation — that the Face and other formations are natural landforms — is that we’re seeing extremely ancient artificial structures built by an unknown civilization.”
Mac continued: “NASA chooses to ignore that there is a controversy, or at least a controversy in the scientific sense. Since making the Face public in the 1970s, NASA has made vague allusions to humans’ ability to ‘see faces’ (e.g. the ‘Man in the Moon’) and has made lofty dismissals, but it has yet to launch any sort of methodical study of the objects under investigation. Collectively, NASA frowns on the whole endeavor. Mainstream SETI theorists are equally hostile. Basically, the Face – if artificial – doesn’t fall into academically palatable models of how extraterrestrial intelligence will reveal itself, if it is in fact out there. Searching for radio signals is well and good, but scanning the surface of a neighboring planet for signs of prior occupation is met with a very carefully cultivated institutionalized scorn. And of course it doesn’t help that some of the proponents of the Face have indulged in more than a little baseless “investigation.”
“I think some of the objects in the Cydonia region of Mars are probably artificial,” said Mac. “And I think the only way this controversy will end is to send a manned mission. The features under investigation are extremely old and warrant on-site archaeological analysis. We’ve learned – painfully – that images from orbiting satellites won’t answer the fundamental questions raised by the Artificiality Hypothesis. I suspect that we’re seeing a fusion of natural geology and megascale engineering. For example, the Face is likely a modified natural mesa, not entirely unlike some rock sculptures on Earth but on a vastly larger and more technically challenging scale.” Given that the Face on Mars – regardless of what it is or isn’t – was not found and photographed until 1976, how is it possible that Jack Kirby was able to seemingly anticipate all of this back in the late 1950s? I don’t have an answer, but I do know there is another “Face on Mars.” It’s right below. Unless you view it as nothing stranger than a case of pareidolia.
Note: The photos above are from NASA. As NASA is a U.S. government agency, the pictures are in the public domain
Ever since we became aware that the universe extends past our planet and that space exists, people have looked to it as a final frontier. Humanity has made many great strides in our endeavors to conquer this last great unknown, but largely we have only really scratched the surface of getting there, with our progress of manned space missions still limited to the general vicinity of our planet. The desire to delve out into the cosmos is a powerful one, yet while most people may think that our true step towards space travel started in the 20th century, such aspirations have been around far longer than that. There have been serious plans put into space travel centuries before we even put the first animal in orbit, and one of these is certainly the time a 17th century scientist drew up his plans to reach the moon centuries before we actually did.
John Wilkins was born in Canons Ashby, Northamptonshire, England, on 1 January 1614, and was from a young age gifted with great intellect and a passion for the natural world. He would graduate from Magdalen College, Oxford, with a B.A. in 1631 and an M.A. in 1634, mostly focusing on theology, natural philosophy, and astronomy, all subjects in which he excelled. He then went on to be ordained as a priest in the Church of England, after which he took on various posts as chaplain to an array of the rich and powerful, including at one point Charles Louis, Prince Elector of the Palatine, and these posts would take him all over England and Germany, where he became acquainted with scholars from various fields. He would eventually in later years become Master of Trinity College, Cambridge, serve as Bishop of Chester, and go on to be one of the founding members of the Royal Society, which had him spending much of his time among some of the greatest thinkers, scientists, and intellectuals of his time. Yet for all of these achievements, he is perhaps most remembered for his groundbreaking ideas on space, space travel, and alien life that were well ahead of their time.
Wilkins was considered a bit of a genius himself, and during these years he had made many advancements in science and proposed many ideas that were extremely unique for their era. In his 1668 book, An Essay Towards a Real Character and a Philosophical Language, he proposed a universal language that could be used by scientists and travelers alike all over the world, and he also was a pioneer of the idea of using a universal system of weights and measure, as well as using pendulums to measure time and utilizing a universal measure of length. He was also an accomplished inventor, creating the first air gun, an artificial rainbow machine, a cypher and signal system that would allow one to “with privacy and speed communicate his thoughts to a friend at any distance,” and an inflatable bladder that would go on to serve as the prototype for the pneumatic tire, among others. Yet although these were all pursuits in which he was pushing new boundaries, it was space that truly fascinated him, and he spent most of his time looking up at the stars contemplating what was out there and how to get there.
John Wilkins
This was an era in which a cascade of discoveries in all areas of science was going on, and astronomy and our understanding of the universe was undergoing a bit of an upheaval. Johannes Kepler had worked out the physical laws governing how planets orbit the Sun. Galileo had completely changed our view of the stars and planets using the newly improved telescope to smash the long held idea of an Earth-centered view of the cosmos, and replace it with Copernicus’s heliocentric theory. We were now coming to an understanding that the stars and space itself extended farther than had ever been thought before. We also could finally see that the moon, which had long been an enigma, had a landscape in many ways similar to Earth, complete with mountains and plains. Humanity was suddenly thrown into a universe that was far more massive and stranger than had ever been thought before, and Wilkins was absolutely fascinated by this.
He would write two groundbreaking books on astronomy called The Discovery of a New World in 1638, and then in 1640 A Discourse Concerning a New Planet, in which he railed against the prevailing physics of Aristotle, which dated back 2000 years, and he introduced this new vision of the universe in plain English and clear vernacular terms that the average reader could understand, something very unique for its era. He also illustrated the idea that not only was Earth just one planet among many others, but that these other planets, as well as our own moon, might be inhabited as well. These were all ideas that had been doing the rounds for some time already, but of all of his ideas on space and the nature of the cosmos, his most bizarre and ambitious were his visionary notions of humans actually travelling to space to meet these beings for themselves. He would write of this:
In the first ages of the world the Islanders either thought themselves to be the onely dwellers upon the earth, or else if there were any other, yet they could not possibly conceive how they might have any commerce with them, being severed by the deepe and broad Sea. But the after-times found out the invention of ships, in which notwithstanding none but some bold daring men durst venture, there being few so resolute as to commit themselves unto the vaste Ocean, and yet now how easie a thing is this, even to a timorous and cowardly nature? So, perhaps, there may be some other meanes invented for a conveyance to the Moone, and though it may seeme a terrible and impossible thing ever to passe through the vaste spaces of the aire, yet no question there would bee some men who durst venture this as well as the other.
This was more than just a thought experiment for Wilkins, as he seriously believed that it was possible to fashion a craft to actually travel out into space, an idea which was mind-blowing for its time, the realm of wild, fanciful fiction. Inspired by such great explorers into the unknown as Columbus, Drake and Magellan, Wilkins truly believed that it was just the next logical step that we head past the horizon and into the new frontier of space. To do this, in around 1640 he proposed building a “flying chariot” that would be capable of reaching the moon, which he really felt was possible and which he really felt could be built.
In order to make this a reality, he had many ideas on how it could be accomplished. The first thing to do was to escape the pull of the planet, which was a bit of a challenge considering this was well before Isaac Newton had identified the force of gravity, but Wilkins thought he had it worked out. He believed that everything was held to the earth by a force of magnetism, but that if one could get just 20 miles into the air they would be free of this force, as the thinking at the time was that the power of gravity depended on the proportionate distance between objects, with the further apart they were, the weaker the force became. Wilkins reasoned that his could be done with a flying machine designed like a ship and equipped with a powerful spring, clockwork gears, gunpowder as a sort of propulsion system and internal engine, a vertical rotating sail sprouting from the backrest, wheels for when the thing landed, and a set of wings covered with feathers. This craft would then take off at a low angle, eerily predicting how planes would take off in modern times centuries before the Wright Brothers made their historic flight and in a time when inertia physics was scarcely understood.
17th century engraving of the moon
Once in space, Wilkins suggested that the temperature might not necessarily be cold, and also explained that since the astronauts would be free from the magnetic pull of the planet, there would be nothing pulling on their digestive system to make them hungry and therefore they would not have any need for food in space. He similarly argued that astronauts would not have to worry about breathing either, as their lungs would get used to breathing the “pure air of angels” at that altitude. To him, flying across space would in a sense be even easier than flying on earth, and would merely be the next step past the ships used by the explorers of the past. He was under the impression, as was the common knowledge of the day, that Earth’s atmosphere was nearly identical to the conditions of space. All that needed to be done was to escape Earth’s attraction and we were set to make a journey to the moon that he estimated would take about 180 days, comparable to a long voyage across the oceans. Simple. He was sure his flying chariot would work, and said “I do seriously and upon good grounds affirm it possible to make a Flying Chariot; in which a man may sit and give such a Motion unto it as shall convey him through the air.”
Looking back at this with what we know now about flight and space travel, we understand that the whole plan is absurd and would have never worked at all, but at the time this was pretty visionary stuff. Although space travel and trips to the moon had been mentioned before in science fiction as pure fantasy, no one had ever seriously considered and drawn up plans for an actual working spaceship, and indeed this was an era in which the idea of real, actual space travel was not even really a thing. As the years went by and more discoveries were made, Wilkins himself would come to understand that travelling to the moon through his plan was not a possibility, although he did continue to experiment with various flying machines. Dr. Allan Chapman, a historian at Wadham College, Oxford, calls it the “Jacobean space programme,” and has said of the rise and fall of Wilkins’ grand vision:
His ingenuity was enormous. He saw his flying chariot as being the space version of Drake’s, Raleigh’s and Magellan’s ships. In the same way that it was an Englishman, Thomas Harriott, who beat Galileo in using the telescope, so on the anniversary of the landing on the Moon it was an Englishman who came up with the best argued possibility of getting to the Moon in his day. This was a honeymoon period of British science. The vacuum had not yet been discovered. In 1640, flying to the Moon was a heroic possibility. But by 1670, they realised it was impossible. They’d made so many discoveries in physics and astronomy in 30 years that they could see that flying to the Moon was not on. But in that glorious period around 1640, it seemed a real possibility.
Wilkins would go on to act as Bishop of Chester with a seat in the House of Lords in 1668, and continue his work in the Royal Society, as well as work as an educator all the way to his death in 1672. Although his ideas concerning space travel might seem extravagant, crude and silly by today’s standards, many of his basic ideas such as flying ships and long distance communication would eventually come true, things he was envisioning centuries earlier. During his era, he was a major influence and force in science, advancing the field and looking into the future frontiers of science, a visionary who may have failed in his quest in space, but holds a great legacy in science. He may not have ever reached the stars, but he was a consummate dreamer who encouraged others to dream too, and in many ways it is dreams that fuel our push into new realms of scientific discovery.
The year 1973 remains significant in the history of UFO studies for being a year where some of the most widely discussed and controversial incidents ever to have occurred were logged. From the alleged abductions of Charles Hickson and Calvin Parker at Pascagoula, Mississippi, to the famous “Coyne Incident” involving a near midair collision between a U.S. Air Force Huey helicopter and an oblong-shaped UFO, 1973 presented several incidents that remain among ufology’s best-known cases.
Nineteen-seventy-three was also the year that the phenomenon known as cattle mutilation began to rise into public awareness. However, a tangent subject that once received significant attention for its apparent relationship to the mutilation reports involves sightings of “mystery helicopters,” the origins of which remain undetermined.
“As mutilation reports exploded across the Midwest and West in 1975, the number of ‘mystery helicopter’ reports also increased in many areas,” read an entry by Scott H. Colborn in the Fortean Research Journal in 1989. “This helicopter/mutilation concurrence has continued throughout the past decade,” Colborn wrote. “We have concentrated much of our attention on the ‘mystery helicopters’ because we suspect that if we can acquire some concrete answers illuminating the role of these helicopters, we will be much closer to an understanding of the mutilation phenomena as a whole.”
According to Colborn, by the end of the 1980s, there were “well over 200 accounts of mystery helicopters near or at or in the vicinity of mutilation sites.” While he acknowledged that some of the reports had merely been “innocent flyovers” that were unrelated to the animal mutilations occurring nearby, there were nonetheless “too many reports of helicopters that harass herds of livestock, spotlighting cattle, chasing ground observers and even landing in pastures.”
More ominously, as Colborn noted, some of the incidents involved multiple helicopters numbering anywhere from five to seven of the aircraft all in the same vicinity. “People have been paced and chased down country roads. Deputies have pulled into pastures to watch unlit choppers rise and quickly fly away.”
In 1975, the cases involving purported “mystery helicopters” began to escalate, particularly in states like Colorado. According to Colborn, farmers in the eastern part of the state that year were so wary of the helicopter sightings that they were “ready to shoot down anything resembling a chopper,” resulting in a temporary grounding of all known and accounted-for helicopter flights in the region.
Elsewhere in New Mexico, the issue was similarly tense, and even led to the FAA launching a probe into the mystery helicopters. However, once a National Guard helicopter was stationed at the Clayton, New Mexico airport with instructions to chase any unidentified helicopters that were reported in the area, the sightings seemingly stopped for a time.
“We do not know the results of the FAA investigations,” Colborn wrote, “as they have since denied having any knowledge or information about it.”
“Perhaps they found a reason not to announce their findings,” he added.
Strange helicopters of unknown origin hadn’t been exclusive to the areas where cattle mutilations were occurring. During several incidents involving aerial incursions that occurred at U.S. Air Force missile launch sites along the northern tier during the mid-1970s, military personnel occasionally described seeing what appeared to be craft with lighting arrangements that most closely resembled helicopters, rather than exotic-looking aircraft.
In 1975, missile sites that included Loring, Wurtsmith, and Minot Air Force Bases on the nights or early mornings of October 27, 29, and 31, and again on the nights of November 7, 8, 9, and 19 were host to sightings of what many servicemen described as helicopters. However, after probing by The National Enquirer, an official U.S. Air Force response stated that the “helicopter assumption was based on the sound and light perceptions of the eyewitnesses,” and that there had been no overflights at these bases that the Air Force managed to identify as helicopters.
Strange helicopters were also reported during the famous Cash-Landrum UFO incident that occurred in December, 1980 near Daton, Texas. Witnesses Betty Cash and Vicky Landrum described seeing a large number of helicopters that appeared to pursue (or possibly escort away) a large, hovering diamond-shaped aircraft which produced hot jets of flame from its base. In the days and weeks following the sighting, the witnesses developed an array of medical conditions that they believed to have been related to the object they observed. Despite persistent inquiries made with the U.S. Air Force, the source of the helicopter sightings that coincided with Cash and Landrum’s observation of a UFO was never determined.
Some of the helicopters observed by Cash and Landrum in December, 1980, reportedly resembled the CH-47 Chinook with its distinctive twin-blade configuration
(Credit: Unsplash)
As to the possible origins of these mystery aircraft, Colborn presented several theories, which included:
1) The objects resembling helicopters were actually UFOs which merely resembled more conventional military aircraft (or were perhaps intentionally disguised to look like them) but instead shared a common origin with other more exotic craft.
2) The mystery helicopters might originate from some private, non governmental organization or agency, which might include a corporate or even a cult group. Other possibilities Colborn proposed were secret societies, paramilitary groups, or an “international cabal of industrialists, energy czars or similar manipulators.”
3) The helicopters might be part of a U.S. government group, which for clandestine reasons may have been involved in operations that included surveillance of high security installations, and even cattle mutilations, possibly as part of a “massive chemical-biological warfare (CBW) experiment.”
4) Alternatively, the mystery helicopters might have origins from within the U.S. government, but rather than playing an active role in the cattle mutilations, their purpose might have been part of a secret investigation of these incidents.
5) Another possibility is that rather than merely investigating cattle mutilations, the helicopters were being operated by an investigative group or agency within the U.S. government which had a much firmer grasp on the problem than the public does.
As Colborn proposed of this fifth possibility, this hypothetical U.S. government group could know “much more than ‘civilians’ do,” adding that the mystery helicopters “are of military origin” and that the government of theUnited States “possesses a very substantial amount of knowledge about the mutilators, their means and motives.”
“The government may be attempting to persuade mutilation investigators and the populace as a whole that perhaps the military might be behind at least some mutilations, a diversion away from the real truth,” according to Colborn, who noted the apparent presence of “implied a prior knowledge” in some cattle mutilation cases, “which enable the helicopters to arrive around the time of a mutilation.”
Even after the passing of several decades, the “mystery helicopters” of the 1970s and 80s remain mysterious. It seems hard to imagine that their presence represents anything but the clandestine efforts of one or more U.S. government agencies, although their proximity to UFO incidents, as well as overflights of high-security installations, and even apparent relationship to the ongoing cattle mutilation mystery also represents one of the more ominous unresolved questions about the modern UFO mystery.
The Dyatlov Pass incident happened in 1959, but the deaths of nine Russian hikers in the northern Ural Mountains under mysterious circumstances still baffles investigators and defies solution. From a violent wind to secret military testing to an avalanche to aliens to a KGB killing to a Yeti – the possible explanations have gone from the sublime to the ridiculous and many in-between. However, one has stood out … and this week a video was presented showing then strongest evidence yet that the Dyatlov Incident was caused by …
“The direct evidence from the Dyatlov Pass area obtained in those expeditions confirms that the region is avalanche prone and that slopes above the location where Igor Dyatlov and his group pitched their tent are steep enough for avalanches to release. Independent research by Russian snow and climate scientists supported assumptions and the main results of our slab avalanche modeling.”
The nine individuals who lost their lives at Dyatlov Pass in 1959.
Alexander Puzrin, a professor of geotechnical engineering at ETH Zurich, and Johan Gaume, head of the Snow and Avalanche Simulation Laboratory at Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, have been the leading proponents of the slab avalanche cause since last year when their first paper on the subject was published in Communications Earth & Environment. Slab avalanches get their name from situations where a slab-like layer of snow pushed by winds forms on top of a weaker layer, causing pressure to be built up and small fractures to form – fractures that need only a small trigger – like a tent post being hammered – to release the slab to slid down a slope, even a not-so-steep one. In their new follow-up to that study, published in the same journal and in an article in Vice, Puzrin and Gaume describe three expeditions to the infamous location, including one just two months ago when professional mountain guides Oleg Demyanenko and Dmitriy Borisov witnessed and recorded video of slab avalanches.
“The initially favorable weather conditions quickly deteriorated, with wind and temperatures becoming similar to those on the night of the 1959 tragedy. Several times, the 300-kg snowmobiles and their drivers were overturned by wind gusts. Visibility became extremely poor. And then, when after a few failed attempts the two mountain guides approached their destination, the visibility briefly improved and revealed traces of two snow slab avalanches.”
Still photos of the videos are included in the study and shown in a documentary video, which is fortunate because
Demyanenko and Borisov watched as the evidence of the avalanches disappeared under snowfall less than an hour later. This explains why the Dyatlov rescue team could not find signs of an avalanche three weeks after the incident. It also shows why no one believes in slab avalanches … unless they see them for themselves. The study admits that the conditions were slighting different on February 1st, 1959.
“Nevertheless, the area is clearly avalanche prone, and the avalanche danger on the night of February 1st, 1959 was real.”
No avalanche is a good avalanche
Their first study concluded that the slab avalanche cause was “plausible.” Now, Puzrin and Gaume have visual evidence of similar slab avalanches causing similar destruction under similar circumstances with similar disappearances. They plan to continue building the case that the Dyatlov Group was killed by slab avalanches.
These are Star Dunes on Mars, Formed When the Wind Comes From Many Different Directions
These are Star Dunes on Mars, Formed When the Wind Comes From Many Different Directions
Missions to Mars are expensive, even orbiters. They’re there to do science, not take pretty pictures. But sometimes Mars’ beauty is captured inadvertently, usually with some science mixed in.
That’s the case with this picture of star dunes captured by the HiRISE camera on NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.
In most regions on Mars, winds blow in a prevailing direction. It’s the same here on Earth. So most dunes appear as waves, oriented perpendicularly to the wind direction. One common type of dune is Barchan dunes and they have two “horns” that face downwind.
Barchan Dunes are formed in prevailing winds. Image Credit: unknown. CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=571880
But star dunes are different. They form in winds that shift direction. They’re comparatively rare—on Earth, only about 8.5% of dunes are star dunes.
NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) has an almost-famous instrument called HiRISE – High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment. Universe Today is full of HiRISE images. HiRISE wasn’t looking for star dunes when it captured this image in 2010. It was examining a crater in Mars’ Tyrrhena Terra region, looking at the geologic aspects of possible clays detected with the MRO’s CRISM instrument.
The happy accident shows how much geologic diversity Mars has on display.
Mars’s geologic diversity is stunning. The HiRISE camera does a great job of capturing that diversity, like in this image of star dunes in a crater in the Tyrrhena Terra. Image Credit: NASA/JPL/ UArizona
Star dunes are more common on Mars than they are on Earth because of all the impact craters. The wind swirls around crater rims and comes from many directions before it reaches the sand inside the dune. All that activity shapes the sand into a beautiful pattern.
The Victoria Crater might be Mars’ most famous crater, thanks to this gorgeous image. It shows how star dunes tend to form in craters because of the shifting winds. Image Credit: NASA/HiRISE/UofA
The image of star dunes in the crater in the Tyrrhena Terra is just a small part of the entire HiRISE image. You can see the whole image here. Check it out.
Multiple Mysterious objects Sightings Over Las Vegas Leave Locals Confused
Multiple Mysterious objects Sightings Over Las Vegas Leave Locals Confused
Multiple Mysterious objects Sightings Over Las Vegas Leave Locals Confused
Las Vegas has always been a bit of a hot spot for UFO sightings, but over the past few weeks there has been more than the usual activity in the sky above Sin City. Recently, a homeowner captured what they say may be a fleet of Objects darting about in the Nevada sky.
The footage, reportedly captured on the homeowner’s doorbell camera, sped up for brevity one would assume, shows several bright objects appearing in the sky, moving very rapidly at times while staying completely still at others. The objects are flying really low and close the the tops of the houses,” he wrote. “Most public and military jets have rules that prevent them from flying this low, so I don’t think those are military jets.” Waring added, “It’s also a well known fact that in Las Vegas, is Nellis USAF base. And the US military gave an allotment of land to the TALL WHITES, a species of alien that lives to be 800 years old. They were given land behind the old firing range behind Nellis AFB. They used the land to create underground bases, where their UFOs do not inform the USAF of their comings and goings.” Two days later, on March 21, another video taken in Las Vegas purports to show another UFO flying in the sky above Trump Tower.
RIP Jordan Maxwell on Secret Societies, Ancient Symbolism and ETs - Coast to Coast Radio
RIP Jordan Maxwell on Secret Societies, Ancient Symbolism and ETs - Coast to Coast Radio
COAST TO COAST AM – Jordan Maxwell (1940 – 2022) Audio Tribute: Investigative reporter and author, Jordan Maxwell (1940 – 2022) interwove a variety of topics that included ufology, secret societies, ancient symbology, and occult religion. He suggested that many UFO witnesses are “marginalized” because the US government may have made a deal with ETs, in which they would put down reports and help the aliens stay incognito. Maxwell also mentioned that he had access to off-the-record video footage in which former astronaut Gordon Cooper revealed that he had worked with an ET whose ship had crashed in Mexico. Secret societies are a “powerful influence in the world today,” noted Maxwell, and yet some of the most hidden powerful people are actually “puppets of a higher power,” namely a group of ETs who co-mingle and exert control on the human family, he said.
Jordan Maxwell continues as a preeminent researcher and independent scholar in the field of occult/religious philosophy. His interest in these subjects began as far back as 1959. He served for three and a half years as the Religion Editor of Truth Seeker Magazine, America’s oldest Freethought Journal (since 1873). His work exploring the hidden foundations of Western religions and secret societies creates enthusiastic responses from audiences around the world.
He has conducted dozens of intensive seminars, hosted his own radio talk shows, guested on more than 600 radio shows, and written, produced and appeared in numerous television shows and documentaries (including three 2-hour specials for the CBS TV network, as well as the internationally acclaimed 5-part Ancient Mystery Series – all devoted to understanding ancient religions and their pervasive influence on world affairs today).
His work on the subject of secret societies, both ancient and modern, and their symbols, has fascinated audiences around the world for decades. Considering the rapidly moving events of today, and the very real part that hidden religious agendas play in our modern war-torn world, he feels these controversial subjects are not only interesting to explore, but too important to ignore! His extraordinary presentations includes documents and photographs seldom seen elsewhere.
An eyewitness in India took this 45 second video of crowds of people looking upward in astonishment at a UFO ring flying overhead. The object was a perfect circle and did not appear to be made of smoke. The craft is very high up and because it was cloaked, we could not see the body of the craft, however because of the overcast day and static electricity in the air, it creates a ring around the UFO that the aliens had not planed on happening. I'm sure the aliens were wondering how the hell the people below them were seeing them? You see, even aliens make mistakes.
Ancient Alien Symbol Found In Algeria, Google Earth, UFO Sighting News.
Ancient Alien Symbol Found In Algeria, Google Earth, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: March 26, 2022
Location of discovery: 29°14'25"N 7°02'11"W
Now I have long believed that ancient aliens had left signs for us to find on our own map. They left symbols to be found and one day interpreted to reveal to humanity that many intelligent alien species have been here and will come back. The symbols are often familiar shapes, even faces or like the Amazon river...entire sentences written in their own alien language and made...into a river! But...what does it say? Thats the important question that needs answering. This five star symbol (Pentagram) has a lot of different meaning on Earth. To different cultures it means different things. The five sided star has been the symbol of Jerusalem since 300BCE, its meant to symbolize justice, mercy and wisdom. This is 100% proof that ancient aliens left signs for us to find.
Jellyfish Life Form Passes Astronaut during Space Walk, March 23, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Jellyfish Life Form Passes Astronaut during Space Walk, March 23, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: March 23, 2022
Location of sighting: International Space Station
During a spacewalk a few days ago, a strange jellyfish like UFO passed by the astronauts. The object passes behind them and looks to have an aura all around it. It also has a lumpy shape, similar to that of a jellyfish. This is not a UFO so much as an entity. A living creature found only in space. Just as animals live underwater, there are creatures which can live in space. For instance, about ten years ago, Russian astronauts were cleaning the space station solar panels and found that there were huge plankton growing on the solar panels...thriving, eating, breading on the panels, using the suns energy. There was not one, but thousands and the Russians said they were bigger than normal plankton...so they sound very healthy to me. Thus...if one animal species could exist in space...its only stands to reason...there are others too.
The OLDEST Civilisation in the Americas: The Pyramid City of Caral, Peru | Ancient Architects
Not everybody knows that there is a magnificent lost pyramid city in the heart of Peru, a city that dates back to the same time at the Giza pyramids of Egypt. Yes, the magnificent ancient city of Caral dates back to 2,627 BC and is known as the Mother City of South America by some archaeologists.
For over a century archaeologists were searching for such a mother city and this large settlement, located 120 miles north of Lima, is one of the most ancient of the Americas, home of the Norte Chico civilisation. It was declared a UNESCO world heritage site back in 2009.
It was occupied between the 26th and 20th centuries BC and was described by excavators as the oldest urban centre in the Americas, but since its discovery in 1948, other ancient sites such as Bandurria in Peru have challenged this title.
Astonishingly, it was found in pristine condition and nothing had been built over it since the city was deserted. It would have been home to more than 3,000 people, with an elaborate complex of temples, an amphitheatre and ordinary houses covering 370 acres of land. There are plazas and residential buildings, and of course pyramids.
Watch this new Ancient Architects video to find out more about this truly fascinating lost civilisation, to see the incredible architecture, archaeological finds and the giant geoglyph associated with Caral.
All images are taken from Google Images for educational purposes only.
NEW Scientific Mission to Explore the Great Pyramid of Egypt | Ancient Architects
We all remember the news from November 2017 when the ScanPyramids project announced the discovery of a Big Void inside the Great Pyramid of Egypt, located above the Grand Gallery and being either straight or inclined.
The news permeated the international media and I think everybody with an interest in Ancient Egypt was excited. It was the second major cavity located inside the pyramid using cosmic muon science.
Not long after the announcement of the big void, pictures were released of a robotic blimp that could be used to explore the void via an endoscopic camera, but now, nearly 5 years later, nothing has materialised. We still don’t know what the voids are or what’s inside.
Now, a new team of scientists plan to scan the Great Pyramid in what is called ‘The Exploring the Great Pyramid Mission’. They plan to field a very large muon telescope system that will be transformational with respect to the field of cosmic-ray muon imaging. The system will be 100 times more sensitive that the equipment that was used between 2015 and 2017.
Watch this video to learn more about this new scientific mission to explore the Great Pyramid and click on the links below for more detail information.
All images are taken from Google Images and the below sources for educational purposes only. Please subscribe to Ancient Architects, Like the video and please leave a comment below.
Ancient Hall of Records found in Romania kept secret since 2003
Ancient Hall of Records found in Romania kept secret since 2003
In 2002, the Pentagon was running several military and geo desic programmes using satellites based on the above technology. The satellite spotted a particular structure located inside the Bucegi mountains.
In 2003, an amazing discovery was made of a large anomaly inside the Bucegi Mountains of Romania. A high level Italian Freemason was the first to alert a top secret paranormal unit of the Romanian intelligence service about the discovery made by US ground penetrating radar.
The discovery of a very large hemisphere or dome-shaped structure inside the mountain set off a complex set of geopolitical maneuvers that involved Romania being fast tracked into NATO for "its protection." All this happened around the same time a similar anomaly was found in Iraq making it an unknown factor in the US-led invasion.
Inside the mysterious structure was a fabulous repository of ancient information, a veritable Noah's ark of forgotten knowledge and genetics stored holographically. This ancient Hall of Records was built by a tall race of giants or human-looking extraterrestrials.
The Romanian "Hall of Records" has been involved in a complex geopolitical struggle between the Pentagon, Romanian government, and senior Freemasons vying to either release or suppress information coming out into the public arena.
There are 4 primary tunnels and further sub tunnels that lead to deeper and bigger places.
In these tunnels you will find rooms, huge rooms, with huge tables and stone chairs for people much taller than us. These rooms were created 50,000 years ago and each is connected to each other, protected by an energy source which activates all as one is activated.
The projection room contains all our history and can be replayed visually.
There are five tables on each side of the room. On some of them are different objects that appear to be technical tools. From many of them descending to the ground, are a lot of white, translucent wires which gather into rectangular boxes of shiny, silver material. The boxes are placed directly onto the ground. The cables are extremely flexible and lightweight and light pulses can be seen circulating along their length.
When approaching any of the tables, a holographic projection activates showing aspects of a particular scientific field. The three dimensional images are perfect and very large, with a height of almost two and a half meters.
The projections run by themselves but at the same time they are interactive and depend on one who interacts with the tables by touching their surfaces.
Climbing on a specially brought tripod the table surfaces can be seen. They are covered with a film of a dark glassy material. The film is divided into several large square bounded by straight lines, forming a kind of grid. At one table the subject is biology and the projected image are of plants and animals, some completely unknown.
Tapping one of the squares, the hologram shows the structure of the human body. It develops holographic images of various areas of the body that always rotate. Other squares show projections of other beings, on other celestial bodies. By tapping simultaneously two different squares, a complex scientific analysis shows the DNA of both beings and possibilities of compatibility between them.
In this interview, Peter Moon, famed author of the Montauk book series, discusses the Transylvania book series which he began editing and publishing in 2009. He explains how he first got involved through his time travel research on the Montauk Project. He has subsequently regularly traveled to Romania and been able to confirm key aspects of the story.
Strange UFO filmed over Kirtland AFB by the Air Force guy 2022
Strange UFO filmed over Kirtland AFB by the Air Force guy 2022
This strange unidentified flying object was seen and recorded in the sky above Kirtland Air Force Base in New Mexico on 7th January 2022.
Witness report:
Let me start this off by saying that I’m in the Air Force and I’m pretty knowledgeable in regards to what our aircraft look like. For example, I work on the 130’s here and they do not have red and white lights, let alone alternating strobe-like lights. In fact, to my understanding, most if not all airplanes today have red and green wingtip lights and typically don’t alternate in the fashion shown here. As far as the video goes, I saw this thing just hovering right above where our entry/exit gate is at, probably 7,000-8,000 ft up. It was not moving, and no sound was being generated at all(the video sound is just cars/wind).
After filming this, I walked to my car while glancing back at it occasionally. It was about a 45 second-1 minute walk to my car in the parking lot, and when I got to my car I pulled my phone out to take another video, but it was gone and I happened to glance over at the mountains to see one of the lights disappear. Mind you, that would’ve had to have been travelling well over 1,700 mph to reach those mountains in the time it took me to walk to me car.
Again, no noise, it was just hovering a few seconds prior, and the lights threw me off. This could very well be some crazy fighter that I’m not aware of. If anyone has any ideas please comment.
New Radio Images of Bizarre “Odd Radio Circles” Which are Vastly Bigger Than the Milky Way
New Radio Images of Bizarre “Odd Radio Circles” Which are Vastly Bigger Than the Milky Way
In radio astronomy, circle-shaped objects are fairly common. Since diffuse ionized gas often emits radio light, objects such as supernova remnants, planetary nebulae, and even star-forming regions can create circular arcs of diffuse gas. But in 2019 astronomers began to discover radio circles they couldn’t explain, in part because they are so large.
Known as Odd Radio Circles, or ORCs, they are roughly a million light-years across, which is about ten times wider than the Milky Way. Observations show that ORCs are centered around an elliptical galaxy, which suggests a galactic connection. It has been suggested that ORCs are formed by shock waves triggered by a powerful event such as a gamma-ray burst or fast radio burst, but given the size of ORCs, these events would need to have been triggered very far in the past. And shock waves can typically be seen in other wavelengths such as infrared and x-rays, but ORCs are only seen in radio light.
But a new study suggests other possible origins. Using the MeerKAT radio telescope, the team captured new data from one of the six confirmed ORCs, creating the highest resolution image so far. This revealed ring structures not previously seen. The team also measured the polarization of light from the ORC, which helped them narrow down possible causes.
The first ORC image (left) and this latest image (right). Credit: The EMU team, using ASKAP and MeerKAT radio continuum data
Based on the observations, the light is consistent with that of synchrotron radiation. This occurs when charged particles are caught within a magnetic field. As the particles spiral along magnetic field lines, they emit a faint radio light. This often occurs with diffuse plasma, and it suggests a spherical shell gas was pushed away from the galaxy either through a rapid period of star production or the merger of supermassive black holes.
Another interesting possibility is that ORCs are formed by the galaxy’s supermassive black hole directly. Active galactic black holes, or active galactic nuclei (AGNs) as they are commonly known, often cause jets of material to stream away from the black hole at nearly the speed of light. Over time these can create vast radio lobes, where long-ejected plasma glows in radio light. One idea is that ORCs are caused by radio lobes oriented along our line of sight. Rather than seeing ejected plasma as a lobe, we would see it as glowing radio arcs.
While this study has narrowed down the possible explanations for ORCs, there isn’t one clear solution. But the team is undertaking further studies to look for more clues. And when future radio telescopes such as the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) are completed, were are bound to discover even more ORCs.
Astronomers See the Wreckage Where Planets Crashed Into Each Other in a Distant Star System
Astronomers See the Wreckage Where Planets Crashed Into Each Other in a Distant Star System
Our Solar System was born in chaos. Collisions shaped and built the Earth and the other planets, and even delivered the building blocks of life. Without things smashing into each other, we might not be here.
Thankfully, most of the collisions are in the past, and now our Solar System is a relatively calm place. But frequent collisions still occur in other younger solar systems, and astronomers can see the aftermath.
The aftermath of a collision is an opportunity to learn something about planet formation. When a collision between distant objects occurs, astronomers train their telescopes on it to figure out what happened. Astronomers used the Spitzer Space Telescope and other facilities to track the aftermath of a collision around a young star named HD 166191.
“By looking at dusty debris disks around young stars, we can essentially look back in time and see the processes that may have shaped our own solar system.”
Kate Su, study lead author, University of Arizona.
HD 166191 is a ten million-year-old star about 330 light-years from the Sun. It’s caught astronomers’ attention because it’s a protoplanetary disk transitioning to a debris disk. Years of observations showed a post-collision debris cloud passing in front of the star, giving scientists a novel look at collisions and their aftermath.
“By looking at dusty debris disks around young stars, we can essentially look back in time and see the processes that may have shaped our solar system,” Su said in a press release.
The team of astronomers started watching HD 166191 back in 2015. They observed the young solar system more than 100 times between 2015 and 2019. The system is too young to have fully-grown planets, but planetesimals and maybe even dwarf planets are bound to be orbiting the star. Unfortunately, they’re too small and distant to see in telescopes.
But planetesimals are the building blocks of planets. And those blocks don’t accrete in an orderly fashion. Instead, they crash into each other, sometimes shattering into smaller chunks, sometimes melding together to eventually form larger rocky planets.
Those collisions produce dust clouds that are visible in infrared. Energy from the star strikes the dust and emits infrared light. And that’s what the team saw in their observations with Spitzer. In 2018, the team observed a marked increase in brightness at HD 166191. The increase suggests that the amount of dust around the star increased dramatically. “The large-scale infrared brightening obviously points to a huge increase in the debris emission…” the authors write.”
Over the years, the researchers watched as a debris cloud from the collision transited in front of its star. They calculated the size of the objects that collided, when the collision occurred, and the speed of the impact. They also watched how quickly the debris cloud dispersed.
Their observations showed that the debris cloud was elongated. They also showed that the cloud was larger than the star, covering about three times more area. But the increase in infrared light in 2018 suggested something else. It indicated that only a small portion of the debris cloud passed directly in front of the star and that the dust cloud had to be much larger. According to their research, it had to cover an area hundreds of times larger than the star. That’s the only explanation for all that infrared light.
To produce that much dust, the objects in the collisions had to be as large as dwarf planets. The most well-known dwarf planet in our Solar System is Vesta, which NASA’s Dawn mission visited in 2011. The astronomers behind this study say that the objects that collided around HD 166191 were about the same size as Vesta, about 530 km (330 miles) in diameter. “The amount and rapidity of the increase in the infrared flux requires a catastrophic event, such as a collision between two large bodies (?500 km in diameter) occurring in the terrestrial zone,” the authors write in their paper.
Artist’s concept of the Dawn spacecraft arriving at Vesta. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
The collision generated a lot of heat and some of the material was vapourized. Like balls on a pool table, the impact generated a chain-reaction of smaller collisions between debris and other orbiting rocky objects. The cascade of multiple collisions in mid-2018 explains the large amount of dust and the increase in infrared energy. “Simulations indicate a substantial rate of fragment collisions rapidly following the impact disruption of asteroid-sized bodies, which would expedite the initiation of an intense collisional cascade,” the paper states. “This intense activity is further highlighted by detecting a star-size dust clump, passing in front of the star, in the midst of its infrared brightening.”
Two things happened in the following months: the dust cloud expanded and became more translucent. The dust and the rocky debris from the collision were dispersing around the solar system. By the time 2019 rolled around, observations showed that the dust cloud that transited in front of the star was no longer visible, but the amount of dust in the system had doubled.
These observations are valuable to scientists who study solar systems and planets. Planet formation is largely hidden from view. Young solar systems are dusty places to begin with, and only certain observatories can pierce the veil of dust. Thanks to observatories like ALMA, we can see the lanes carved in the dust around young solar systems as planets form and sweep up the dust.
Image of the HL Tau planet-forming disk (not part of this study) taken with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array. Astronomers think that the dark lanes are where planets are forming. Credit: ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO)
“Learning about the outcome of collisions in these systems, we may also get a better idea of how frequently rocky planets form around other stars,” said study lead author Kate Su.
Astronomers will keep watching HD 166191 to see how the system develops. Astronomers think that it’s transitioning from a protoplanetary disk to a debris disk. The star itself isn’t accreting any more material. The excessive infrared emissions suggest that the system is still dusty, but the star has dissipated much of the gas left over from star formation via photoevaporation.
“Theoretical simulations indicate that the very existence of terrestrial planets depends on the collisional merging of planetary embryos and oligarchs,” the paper says. This collisional merging generally happens during the first 200 million years after the protoplanetary disks have cleared out much of the remnant gas from the star formation. “Large-scale collisions among planetesimals and planetary embryos in the terrestrial-planet region are expected to be common after the dissipation of the gas in a protoplanetary disk, a stage we think HD 166191 is in,” the authors write.
In our Solar System there were probably dozens of Moon-sized to Mars-sized rocky bodies in the inner Solar System. Astronomers think that the Moon formed when a protoplanet named Theia collided with the Earth. There were probably many more collisions, and the architecture of the inner Solar System is the result of that process.
But astronomers are stuck playing forensics in our Solar System. They have to study distant systems like HD 166191 to see any of this occurring.
“The system’s evolutionary state (right after the dispersal of its gas-rich disk) makes it extremely valuable to learn about the process of terrestrial-planet formation and planetary architecture through future observations,” the paper explains.
What’s next for HD 166191? In their paper’s conclusion the authors write that “… we might be witnessing the early giant impact phase in assembling terrestrial planets in the inner zone.” Or the activity they’re seeing in the young system “… might be triggered by perturbation from nearby, unseen planet-mass objects, creating orbit-crossing collisions in the existing asteroid population.” Or the migration of a giant planet might be involved.
Young dusty systems undergo a lot of change, and only further observations will tell the tale. “The transient nature of extremely dusty systems further illustrates the importance of continuous monitoring. Future observations of this unique system would further shed light into our understanding of terrestrial-planet formation and overall assembling planetary architecture,” they conclude.
In 2014, the Japanese Space Agency JAXA launched the Hayabusa 2 spacecraft to visit asteroid Ryugu. It arrived at the asteroid in June 2018 and studied it from orbit for over a year. Hayabusa 2 even dispatched four rovers to the asteroid’s surface. After departing, it flew past Earth in December 2020, dropping off a sample of Ryugu.
Of all the scientific results from that impressive mission, the most interesting one might be this: Asteroid Ryugu might not be an asteroid. It might be the remnant of a comet.
The Hayabusa 2 mission showed that asteroid Ryugu is a rubble pile asteroid. Instead of being one large, monolithic chunk of rock, it’s a conglomeration of smaller rocks. Like some other asteroids, it’s shaped like a spinning top. The asteroid’s rapid rotation forged it into this shape.
The authors say that “A widely accepted formation scenario for Ryugu is a catastrophic collision between larger asteroids and the subsequent slow gravitational accumulation of collisional debris.”
Hayabusa 2’s Optical Navigation Camera-T captured this image of Ryugu from an altitude of about 64m. On September 21, 2018, it took the photo at around 13:04 JST. This is the highest resolution photograph obtained of the surface of Ryugu. Credit: JAXA
A lot of Hyabusa 2’s evidence supported the idea that Ryugu is an asteroid, which astronomers assumed was the case since its discovery in 1999. But one thing stood out among the evidence that didn’t fit with the asteroid definition: Ryugu has a high concentration of organic matter.
If Ryugu is a rubble pile asteroid created from the collision of two smaller asteroids, then why does it have so much concentrated organic matter?
That question is at the heart of a new study published in The Astronomical Journal Letters titled “The Asteroid 162173 Ryugu: a Cometary Origin.” The lead author is Associate Professor Hitoshi Miura of Nagoya City University.
In their paper, the authors say that not only might Ryugu be the remnant of a comet, but similar rubble-pile asteroids might also be former comets. Astronomers call these objects Comet Asteroid Transition (CAT) objects.
Comets form in the distant cold reaches of the Solar System. Unlike asteroids, which are all rock, comets are icy and contain rock and frozen volatiles. The volatiles are mostly water ice, but comets also contain frozen carbon dioxide, ammonia, methane, and carbon monoxide. Astronomers sometimes call them “dirty snowballs.” Comets also have an unbound atmosphere. When they approach the Sun, the warmth melts some volatiles creating the atmosphere, and they sublimate into space. The atmosphere contains dust as well as volatile gases.
But after passing close to the Sun many times, some comets have lost all their volatiles to space. What’s left is just rock. Those are sometimes called extinct comets.
This figure from the study shows how a comet can transition to an asteroid. (a) shows the comet nucleus containing water-ice and rock. (b) shows the ice sublimating from the outer layer as the comet enters the inner Solar System. (c) shows rocky debris accumulating on the surface and forming a porous mantle. (d) shows how the comet transforms into an asteroid after the remaining volatiles sublimate and escape through the porous mantle. Image Credit: Miura et al. 2022
If Ryugu is indeed a former comet, can that account for Ryugu’s characteristics?
Ryugu rotates rapidly, which could stem from its previous life as a comet. “Ice sublimation causes the comet’s nucleus to lose mass and shrink, which increases its speed of rotation,” said lead author Miura in a press release. “As a result of this spin-up, the cometary nucleus may acquire the rotational speed required to form a spinning-top shape.”
Asteroid Ryugu has a spinning-top shape due to its rotation. The rotation has shaped the asteroid over a long period of time, including creating the equatorial ridge called Ryujin Dorsum. Asteroid Bennu is also a spinning-top asteroid. Image Credit: By ISAS/JAXA, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=87828813
According to Dr. Miura, the extinct comet hypothesis can also explain the high organic matter content. The organic molecules detected include CO, CO2, methanol, carbonyl sulphide, formaldehyde, formic acid, methane, and cyanate. “Additionally, the icy components of comets are thought to contain organic matter generated in the interstellar medium. These organic materials would be deposited on the rocky debris left behind as the ice sublimates.”
Comets like Ryugu have the same organics as carbonaceous chondrite asteroids, but they’re concentrated on the surface. “The local concentration may account for the extremely high organic content inferred from albedo,” the paper states.
The research team tested their hypothesis with numerical simulations. They calculated how long it would take for Ryugu to lose all its volatiles and become a rocky remnant. They also calculated the increase in rotational speed required to shape the asteroid into what it is today.
This figure from the study shows the results of the team’s numerical simulations. (a) shows the sizes of the initial cometary nucleus and the time required for it to diminish to Ryugu’s present size. (b) shows the spin-up of the cometary nucleus after shrinkage due to water ice sublimation. Image Credit: Miura et al. 2022.
“Our calculation suggests that Ryugu was once a comet and active for the first several 10 kyr and spent the rest of its dynamic lifetime as a rubble-pile asteroid,” the study says. “This scenario is consistent with the dynamical evolution of modern comets in the solar system.”
This study focuses on asteroids with three characteristics: spinning top-shaped, rubble-pile composition/morphology, and high concentration of organics. The results show that Ryugu and similar asteroids are comet-asteroid transition objects (CATs). “CATs are small objects that were once active comets but have become extinct and apparently indistinguishable from asteroids,” explains Dr. Miura. “Due to their similarities with both comets and asteroids, CATs could provide new insights into our solar system.”
An artist’s illustration of NASA’s OSIRIS-REx spacecraft approaching asteroid Bennu with its sampling instrument extended. Image Credit: NASA/Goddard/University of Arizona
Hayabusa 2 returned its Ryugu samples to Earth, and another mission will soon do the same. NASA’s OSIRIS-REx spacecraft visited asteroid Bennu, an asteroid very similar to Ryugu, and will return its samples to Earth in 2023. Analysis of these samples should confirm whether Ryugu and Bennu are asteroids or CATs.
Ancient Map Shows the Lost City of Atlantis is the Eye of the Sahara - Published March 2022
Ancient Map Shows the Lost City of Atlantis is the Eye of the Sahara - Published March 2022
Ancient Map Shows the Lost City of Atlantis is the Eye of the Sahara – Published March 2022
“For there is nothing covered, that shall not be revealed; neither hid, that shall not be known.”
Atlantis is a fictional island mentioned in an allegory on the hubris of nations in Plato’s works Timaeus and Critias, wherein it represents the antagonist naval power that besieges “Ancient Athens”, the pseudo-historic embodiment of Plato’s ideal state in The Republic. In the story, Athens repels the Atlantean attack unlike any other nation of the known world, supposedly bearing witness to the superiority of Plato’s concept of a state. The story concludes with Atlantis falling out of favor with the deities and submerging into the Atlantic Ocean. Wikipedia
Sydney businessman and ex-RAF officer Richard Tambling is interviewed by the ABC’s Frank Bennett about his new book ‘Flying Saucers – Where Do They Come From?’ This episode of ‘This Day Tonight’ aired on ABC Television on 9 November 1967.
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Astronomers Admit: We Were Wrong—100 Billion Habitable Earth-Like Planets In Our Galaxy Alone
Astronomers Admit: We Were Wrong—100 Billion Habitable Earth-Like Planets In Our Galaxy Alone
byMirza Newton
Estimates by astronomers indicate that there could be more than 100 BILLION Earth-like worlds in the Milky Way that could be home to life. Think that’s a big number?
According to astronomers, there are roughly 500 billion galaxies in the known universe, which means there are around 50,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 (5×1022) habitable planets. That’s of course if there’s just ONE universe.
In fact, just inside our own Milky Way Galaxy experts now believe are some 400 BILLION STARS, but this number may seem small as some astrophysicists believe that stars in our galaxy could figure the TRILLION. This means that the Milky Way alone could be home to more than 100 BILLION planets.
However, since astronomers aren’t able to see our galaxy from the outside, they can’t really know for sure the number of planets the Milky Way is home to. They can only provide estimates.
To do this, experts calculate our galaxy’s mass and calculate how much of that mass is composed of stars. Based on these calculations scientists believe our galaxy is home to at least 400 billion stars, but as I mentioned above, this number could drastically rise.
Furthermore, if we take a look at what NASA has to say, well find out how the space agency believes there are at least 1,500 planets located within 50 light years from Earth. These conclusions are based on observations taken over a period of six years by the PLANET—Probing Lensing Anomalies NETwork—collaboration, founded in 1995. The study concluded that there are way more Earth-sized planets than Jupiter-sized worlds.
In 2013, Dr. Phil Yock, from the department of physics at the University of Auckland said how: “Kepler finds Earth-sized planets that are quite close to their host stars, and astronomers estimate that there are around 17 billion such planets in the Milky Way.
These worlds are hotter than our planet, although some could be of a comparable temperature (and could, therefore, be habitable) if they are orbiting a cool star called a red dwarf.”
“Our proposal is to measure the number of Earth-mass planets orbiting stars at distances typically twice the Sun-Earth distance. Our planets will, therefore, be cooler than the Earth. By interpolating between the Kepler and MOA results, we should obtain a good estimate of the number of Earth-like, habitable planets in the Milky Way. We predict a number in the order of 100 billion. Of course, it will be a long way from measuring this number to actually finding inhabited planets, but it will be a step along the way.”
The number seems to be increasing every year, which is kinda cool.
If we take a peek at the recent data provided by the Kepler space mission, we’ll find how astronomers believe approximately 40 BILLION Earth-sized planets orbiting habitable zones of Sun-like stars and red dwarfs in the Milky Way galaxy alone.
Since NASA’s Kepler was launched in 2009, the space telescope has discovered a total of 4,034 potential alien planets, of which 2,335 are verified exoplanets. Interestingly, some astronomers say that around 11 billion planets may be orbiting Sun-like Stars, while other believe this number is more like 100 billion.
In 2017 NASA made great progress in the search for alien planets. Their most noteworthy discovery was the solar system Trappist-1, home to SEVEN Earth-like planets who may even be home to alien life. This particular solar system is very important.
In June of 2017, NASA revealed a statement saying that they had discovered ten new planets outside of our solar system that are very likely of similar size and temperature as Earth and may even have life developed on their surface.
In 2015, scientists were puzzled when the European Space Agency's Rosetta spacecraft discovered abundant molecular oxygen bursting from comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P). How could a comet emit oxygen, let alone in abundance? This discovery led researchers to reconsider everything they had known about the chemical history of the solar system and how it formed.
A new study published in Nature Astronomy casts a very different light on previous studies regarding why 67P seems to have so much oxygen, and suggests the comet has two internal reservoirs that make it seem like there's more oxygen than is actually there.
"It's kind of an illusion," said Dr. Adrienn Luspay-Kuti, lead author of the study. "In reality, the comet doesn't have this high oxygen abundance, at least not as far as its formation goes, but it has accumulated oxygen that gets trapped in the upper layers of the comet, which then gets released all at once."
Image Credit: European Space Agency (ESA)/Rosetta/NAVCAM - CC BY-SA IGO 3.0
While molecular oxygen (two oxygen atoms doubly linked to each other) is very common on Earth, the exact opposite occurs throughout the universe. When the Rosetta spacecraft found oxygen literally pouring out of 67P, however, this caused all of these longstanding theories turned on its head and made scientists question the validity of studies that came before since nobody had seen oxygen in a comet up until then.
Like all scientists, Dr. Luspay-Kuti and her team were skeptical of these findings. Knowing that comets rotate they experience “seasons” like on Earth, the team examined the molecular data on short- and long-time periods just before the comet's southern hemisphere entered summer and then again just as its summer ended. The study proposes the comet's oxygen doesn't come from water but from two reservoirs: one made of oxygen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide deep inside the comet's rocky nucleus, and a shallower pocket closer to the surface where oxygen chemically combines with water ice molecules.
"This isn't just one explanation: It's the explanation because there is no other possibility," said Dr. Olivier Mousis, a planetary scientist from France's Aix-Marseille Université and a study co-author. "If oxygen were just coming from the surface, you wouldn't see these trends observed by Rosetta."
The major implication, he said, is that it means comet 67P's oxygen is, in fact, oxygen that accreted at the beginning of the solar system. It's just that it's only a fraction of what people had thought.
Comet 67P and Rosetta
Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko was discovered in 1969 by Kiev astronomers Klim Churyumov and Svetlana Gerasimenko from examining a photograph of comet 32P/Comas Solá and observed another comet-like object in the plate image. Upon returning to Kiev, Churyumov studied the plate very carefully and realized they had in fact discovered a new comet.Launched in March 2004, the European Space Agency’s Rosetta mission was the first to rendezvous with a comet, the first to follow a comet on its orbit around the Sun, and the first to deploy a lander to a comet's surface. During its two-year science mission at 67P, Rosetta’s key findings included the discovery of water vapor in comet 67P/G-C (vapor that is significantly different from that found on Earth), the detection of both molecular nitrogen and molecular oxygen for the first time at a comet, the existence of exposed water ice on the comet’s surface, and the discovery of amino acid glycine (commonly found in proteins) and phosphorus (a component of DNA and cell membranes) in the comet. It also demonstrated the first landing on a comet’s surface, as the Philae lander touched down on 67P in November 2014, sending back incredible images of the surface. The mission ended on September 30, 2016, when the Rosetta spacecraft impacted 67P.
Compilation of the brightest outbursts seen at Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.
Record-breaking supernova manages to “X-ray” the entire Universe
Record-breaking supernova manages to “X-ray” the entire Universe
The first supernova ever discovered through its X-rays has an enormously powerful engine at its core. It's unlike anything ever seen.
An event like AT2018cow, now known as either FBOTs or Cow-like events, is thought to be the result of a breakout shock from a cocooned supernova. With five such events now discovered, the hunt is on to uncover precisely what causes them, as well as what makes them so unique.
Every once in a while, a stellar cataclysm occurs in our Universe, bringing the life of a star to an end. The most common type of cataclysm is a core-collapse supernova, where a massive star’s interior implodes, leading to a runaway fusion reaction and a tremendous explosion, where the energy emitted by the star can briefly shine billions of times brighter than a typical star. And yet, it’s the rarer types of stellar cataclysms — superluminous supernovae, hypernovae, tidal disruptions events, and even more exotic explosions — that can shine brighter than anything else we have observed.
In 2018, a new class of explosions was seen for the first time: the “Cow” class. Detected automatically by a facility that monitors the sky for unexpected brightening (or faintening) events, its randomly generated name came out at AT2018cow, where the last three letters happened to spell an actual word. Today, it’s the prototype for a novel class of explosions that occur throughout the Universe. Another event in the same “Cow” class of objects was recently discovered: the first one detected not by its visible light signatures, but by its spectacular X-ray brightening. Known as AT2020mrf, it literally bathed the Universe in X-rays for billions of light-years, including us.
Here’s the science behind what happened.
This cutaway showcases the various regions of the surface and interior of the Sun, including the core, which is where nuclear fusion occurs. As time goes on, the region of the core where nuclear fusion takes place expands, causing the Sun’s energy output to increase. A similar process occurs in the interior of all stars.
As they go through their life cycles, stars transform mass into energy through the process of nuclear fusion. By smashing light atomic nuclei together under tremendous pressures and temperatures, they can trigger the formation of heavier atomic nuclei. If you were to put the total masses of the pre-fusion nuclei and the post-fusion nuclei on a scale, you’d find that the ones produced by fusion were slightly less massive than the ones that went into the reaction.
Where did that mass go? It gets transformed into energy through Einstein’s most famous equation: E = mc2.
When AT2018cow was first seen, it appeared simply as a rapidly brightening, high-temperature event: like a supernova, but with some unusual features to it. Some of those features include:
the copious detection of iron
an extremely luminous brightening in ultraviolet wavelengths
approximately ten times the intrinsic brightness of a normal supernova
brightness across all wavelengths of light, from X-ray down to the radio
evidence that it was surrounded by very dense material, with a tremendously fast shockwave moving through it
For quite a while, this was puzzlingly difficult to explain.
The one explanation for the event AT2018cow that ticks all the boxes is a cocooned supernova that undergoes a shock breakout. Although many details remain to be worked out in this scenario, the same explanation remains consistent with all five known Cow-like events.
However, by synthesizing a wide variety of observations from many different observatories, a consistent picture began to emerge. One candidate explanation was that it came from a tidal disruption event, where stars are torn apart through gravitational interactions with a massive yet compact object. However, the long-term nature of the X-rays suggested that a remnant was left behind to power it, eliminating that as a potential explanation. Instead, perhaps it was a supernova after all — albeit one that was in an unusual environment, shrouded by a dense cocoon-like structure of gas.
With that realization, the pieces fell into place. If there were a cocoon of gas surrounding a star that was reaching the end of its life, then:
an initial supernova would shock the surrounding cocoon
the material would heat to exceedingly high temperatures
the injected energy would cause a “breakout” event, creating the extreme brightness, the rapid increase in luminosity, and the ultra-fast shock wave
the remnant of the supernova, like a neutron star, would continue to inject energy for long periods of time after the initial explosion
This new class of objects are now known not exclusively as “Cow” class objects, but rather as FBOTs: Fast Blue Optical Transients.
This image shows the supernova remnant of SN 1987a in six different wavelengths of light. Even though it’s been 35 years since this explosion occurred, and even though it’s right here in our own backyard, the material around the central engine has not cleared enough to expose the stellar remnant. For contrast, Cow-like objects have their cores exposed almost immediately.
What makes an explosion a Fast Blue Optical Transient? There must be a rapid increase in brightness; that’s the “fast” part. You have to have lots of energy in the ultraviolet portion of the spectrum; that’s the “blue” part. It has to have a large brightness increase in the visible light portion of the spectrum; that’s the “optical” part. And it needs to have a time variation in its overall energy output, where it rises, increases to a maximum, and then decreases and fades away; that’s the “transient” part.
In fact, there are entire observatories that specialize in making observations of transient objects, where they image the same part of the sky over and over again. They then perform, in an automated fashion, a differential calculation, only looking for changes in the sky from one moment to the next. Only if something has brightened, faintened, newly appeared, newly disappeared, or has otherwise changed somehow — in position or color, for instance — is it “flagged” as a candidate for a transient event. Almost all of our automated transient searches, however, are restricted to being performed in visible light.
The 48-inch Samuel Oschin Telescope at Mt. Palomar is where the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) takes its data from. Even though it’s only a 48″ (1.3 meter) telescope, its wide field of view and rapid observing speed allows it to discover optical changes in the night sky that practically every other observatory cannot find.
That’s part of what makes this newest event, AT2020mrf, so spectacular. It was first found in July of 2020 not by any of the transient facilities explicitly built and designed to find these optical events, but rather by a completely different type of observatory: an X-ray telescope known as the Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) telescope. This X-ray telescope is unique among all the X-ray observatories we have operating today for numerous reasons, but the most spectacular is that it is the only one that plans on imaging the entire sky numerous times over.
The Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma telescope completed its first full survey of the sky in June 2020, and quickly embarked on its second sweep — of a planned eight — immediately thereafter. The whole point of surveying the sky over and over again is, once again, to look for changes, as they signify an astronomical event of interest. In July 2020, right at the start of that second sweep, something fascinating emerged; an entirely new source of X-ray light — where none had been previously just six months prior — had not only emerged, but was incredibly bright.
The location of AT2020mrf is seen here in images from the eROSITA X-ray telescope. The right panel shows the detection of a new source between July 21 and July 24, 2020. The left panel shows that the source was not there six months earlier.
How bright was it? The original “Cow” event, AT2018cow had a large and significant X-ray brightness for a supernova. That of AT2020mrf was 20 times brighter in that X-ray light. In addition, both of these events had a substantial but erratic variability in their X-ray brightness, varying rapidly on timescales of less than a day.
It was enough to make the astronomers studying it wonder: Was it possible that this new event was also a FBOT? If so, there should have been an optical transient at precisely the same location. They combed back through the data of the Zwicky Transient Facility to see what was there.
Sure enough, 35 days before the SRG telescope found the remarkable X-ray brightening, an optical brightening had occurred, just as it had for other FBOT events, including the Cow. It possessed other features that made it a remarkably interesting object in its own right, including:
a very high temperature of around 20,000 K
significant emission features that indicate a very high speed, of around 10% the speed of light (much faster than a normal supernova’s of 2-3% the speed of light)
a bright set of radio emissions
Perhaps most interestingly, the fact that it belongs to a very small, low-mass, dwarf galaxy: one with a mass of only 100 million stars, or less than 0.1% the mass of our Milky Way.
This graph shows the masses and star formation rates of the host galaxies where all five FBOT events that have been recorded were discovered. All of them are much lower in both mass and brightness than our own Milky Way.
(Credit: Y. Yao et al., ApJ submitted, 2021; arXiv:2112.00751)
This event, AT2020mrf, is now the fifth event to meet all the criteria for an FBOT, and somehow all five of them have occurred in dwarf galaxies that are forming new stars. This is one of those observed phenomena that make astronomers collectively scratch their heads and note, “that’s funny,” because we have no modern explanation for it.
So, what do you do if you’re a scientist presented with a mystery that you can’t explain, from an object located about 2 billion light-years away?
You take the most sensitive telescopes you can in whatever wavelengths of light you think might hold interesting information and you continue to observe the event, hoping to learn more about its nature and its origins from the clues that reveal themselves over long periods of time. Armed with the knowledge that they had discovered a potentially unique Fast Blue Optical Transient, a team of scientists led by first author Yuhan Yao of Caltech applied for, and received, observing time on NASA’s Chandra X-ray telescope to follow-up on this object. Even though that time didn’t arrive until June 2021, it was well worth the wait.
The X-ray emissions of the newest and most powerful Cow-like event, AT2020mrf, is shown with red stars. The first observation was taken with the Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma observatory, while the latter two were taken with the Chandra X-ray observatory. Note how much greater these energies are than all the other Cow-like events, in black, orange, and purple, this event has proven to be.
(Credit: Y. Yao et al., ApJ submitted, 2021; arXiv:2112.00751)
Some 328 days after the explosion began, NASA’s Chandra X-ray telescope pointed its eyes at this object ~2 billion light-years away. Remarkably, within its first six hours of observation, Chandra saw 29 individual X-ray photons coming from this one object: a remarkably large number. Over a second six-hour observation window, it discovered another 10 X-ray photons. Those two observations, taken nearly a year after the initial explosion occurred, indicate a number of remarkable facts:
The X-ray flux coming from this object must be absolutely enormous; some 200 times as luminous in X-ray light as AT2018cow was at a comparable time in its evolution.
The X-rays make it, by far, the most luminous Cow-like supernova ever seen in the X-ray.
It demonstrates the diversity of Fast Blue Optical Transients, while still supporting the cocooned-supernova breakout model of FBOTs.
It shows that even a full year after the supposed supernova first occurred, the rapid X-ray variability on a timescale of ~1 day or less still remains.
The only way the X-ray flux could remain this large this long after a supernova explosion is if it’s powered by a still-active central engine, which the authors have speculated might be either an accreting black hole or an extremely rapidly spinning, highly magnetized neutron star: a millisecond magnetar.
This artistâs impression shows a supernova and associated gamma-ray burst driven by a rapidly spinning neutron star with a very strong magnetic field â an exotic object known as a magnetar. It’s thought that Cow-like events, or fast blue optical transients, are also powered by either an accreting black hole or a millisecond magnetar like this one, but don’t produce gamma-ray bursts, but rather X-rays, along with them.
Even with all of this, we have to lament what we’re lacking: the ability to monitor events like this continuously, across the sky, in a variety of wavelengths, with high resolution. We only have a series of measurements of its optical brightness at low resolution and low sensitivity, as the drawback of large-area transient surveys is that it trades sensitivity and resolution for speed. We have no X-ray data from the initial brightening, as we only happened to observe this region some 35 to 37 days after the initial brightness peaked, and we don’t have data in between the SRG observation and the Chandra X-ray observations: a gap of nearly 300 days.
We know that the X-ray emissions have dropped off but we don’t know how they decayed. We know that there was both hydrogen and helium in the AT2018cow event but we don’t know whether hydrogen and helium were present or absent in this one, as it’s already too late to make those critical follow-up observations. And we don’t know whether the substantial, record-breaking X-ray emissions that were first seen by SRG — again, more than a month after the optical brightness peaked — actually represents the true peak of emissions or was truly an even brighter event than we were able to observe.
In a normal supernova, at left, there’s plenty of surrounding material preventing the core from becoming exposed, even years or decades after the explosion first occurs. However, with a Cow-like supernova, the copious material surrounding the stellar core is broken apart, exposing the core in short order.
At the end of the day, this newfound object seems to raise more questions than it answers. In Yao’s own words:
“When I saw the Chandra data, I didn’t believe the analysis at first. I reran the analysis several times. This is the brightest Cow supernova seen to date in X-rays. […] In Cow-like events, we still don’t know why the central engine is so active, but it probably has something to do with the type of the progenitor star being different from normal explosions.”
Normally, when stars are on the path to going supernova, they expel large amounts of material and then, when the core implodes, the injected energy has to propagate through that material, shocking it, rebounding, etc., delaying the arrival of the initial light by hours. But with these FBOTs, or Cow-like events, the central cores of those ripped-apart stars are rapidly exposed with the surrounding debris cleared away. Nobody knows why. They’re only found in star-forming regions around dwarf galaxies and we don’t understand why that’s the case. And even though AT2020mrf looks very similar to the original Cow, AT2018cow, in optical wavelengths, it’s scores to hundreds of times intrinsically brighter in the X-rays.
Interview between Dr. Ethan Siegel and then-PhD candidate and now-doctor Anna Ho, one of the scientists who first discovered, analyzed, and characterized the first such event in this new class: AT2018cow. (Credit: E. Siegel)
Whatever the resolution to this puzzle is, the only way we’ll uncover it is by discovering and more thoroughly examining even more of these events. With more advanced all-sky X-ray surveys on the way, our best bet, as always, is by conducting a more comprehensive suite of scientific investigations. That’s the only way we can truly, reliably learn precisely what’s out there in the Universe.
During a time that humankind’s ancestors were learning to walk upright, use their hands, and create the first primitive tools, cosmic events left a mark in our galaxy that our developed society would later see, millions of years later.
Astronomers have traced the trajectory of a so-called hypervelocity star through time, concluding that it was booted from the monstrous black hole at the center of our galaxy during a time when civilization as we know it did not exist.
Dubbed S5-HVS1, this cosmic body is an “A-type main-sequence star” and is considered the fastest ever discovered by astronomers. Measurements of its trajectory have revealed the cosmic body is traveling at almost 1,755 km/s, or around four million miles an hour.
The black hole at the center of our galaxy, Sagittarius A*, has been visualized in virtual reality for the first time. Image Credit: J.Davelaar 2018
This took place, according to astronomers’ calculations, around 5 million years ago. The dramatic ejection marked the confirmation of the so-called Hills mechanism.
The Hill mechanism takes place when a supermassive black hole disrupts a binary star.
Our Milky Way Galaxy, for example, is home to Sagittarius A*, a supermassive black hole that has approximately 4 million times the mass of the Sun. The Hills mechanism describes how stars are pulled apart and then left to continue their separate journey.
What astronomers measured in 2019 was precisely that; a star pulled into orbit around a black hole while its companion star was jettisoned towards intergalactic space at incredibly high velocity.
To understand the origin of S5-HVS1, astronomers studied kinematics and traced the orbit backward in time. Incredibly, they discovered that the star could be traced back to the Milky Way’s Galactic Center, where it was expelled at a speed of 1800km/s between 5 and 4.8 million years ago, which makes S5-HVS the first clear demonstration of the Hill Mechanism and one of the fastest stars in the galaxy.
The star was observed in its journey approaching Earth at a distance of around 29,000 light-years away, traveling more than ten times faster than any other star in the Milky Way Galaxy.
Such is its speed that astronomers say that one day, inevitably, it will exit the Milky Way galaxy and never return.
The discovery was of great importance but a surprising one as well. Astronomers have theorized for years that Black Holes could eject stars at an unimaginable speed. Still, they have never associated a fast-moving star with the black hole at the center of the galaxy.
Observing and measuring the trajectory of S5-HVS1 is of great importance to astronomers since it must have formed in the galactic center. Furthermore, it is unique; the environment at the center of the Milky Way is entirely alien compared to our local galactic environment. This makes S5-HVS1 “a visitor from a strange land.”
An artist’s impression of S5-HVS1’s ejection by Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the galaxy. The black hole and the captured binary partner to S5-HVS1 are seen far away in the left corner of the picture, while S5-HVS1 is in the foreground, speeding away from them.
Credit: James Josephides (Swinburne Astronomy Productions)
The location of S5-HVS1 on the sky and the direction of its motion. The star is flying away from the galactic center, from which it was ejected 5 million years ago.
The French astronomer, computer scientist, and UFO researcher Jacques Fabrice Vallée is one of the important figures in the study of unidentified flying objects, long a proponent of pushing the legitimacy of ufology as a viable scientific pursuit. A legendary icon in the field, he not only increased the legitimacy of the study of UFOs, but also pushed at its boundaries, introducing many ideas that were considered groundbreaking in their time, notably the idea of extraterrestrials as interdimensional travelers. He is so important that he was the inspiration for one of the main characters in Stephen Spielberg’s Close Encounters of the Third Kind, and his contributions to the field are innumerable. He is also known for uncovering a mysterious lost top-secret document that pointed at a grand conspiracy of the government controlling, twisting, and even fabricating the output of information on the UFO phenomenon.
In the summer of 1967, Vallée was living in the United States, and at the time was tasked with helping astronomer J. Allen Hynek get his documents in order. This is notable in that Hynek was then one of the most recognizable authorities on the UFO subject, and had been the top scientific advisor to three UFO studies carried out by the U.S. Air Force, with those being Project Sign (1947–1949), Project Grudge (1949–1951) and Project Blue Book, which he was then overseeing. Indeed, the documents that Vallée was helping to organize were composed of UFO reports under investigation by Project Blue Book. It was apparently quite the task, since Hynek was notoriously disorganized with his files, something Vallée complained about profusely. One day, he unloaded some boxes of Hynek’s files, and as he went through them trying to make some sense of the chaotic mess, he came across a document that was dated 9 January 1953, stamped in red ink “SECRET – Security Information” and signed by a person he would later only refer to as “Pentacle.” What he would find within would change his whole outlook on the UFO phenomenon, shake him to his core, and inspire debate and discussion that has continued to this day.
Jacques Vallée
Among the many revelations allegedly held within what would be called “The Pentacle Memorandum,” perhaps the most shocking had to do with what was called the Robertson Panel. Headed by Howard P. Robertson, a physicist from California Institute of Technology, and organized in response to a recommendation to the Intelligence Advisory Committee following the Central Intelligence Agency’s own review of Project Blue Book, the Robertson Panel was convened in January, 1953, by a committee of expert scientists who had been asked to consider the UFO phenomenon for the purpose of weighing the threat that such objects might present to national security. These experts included Luis Alvarez, Nobel prize in physics; Lloyd Berkner, space scientist; Sam Goudsmit, nuclear physicist at Brookhaven National Laboratory and Thornton Page, astronomer Although the Robertson Panel was meant to be an impartial, open discussion on the matter that considered all angles and held nothing back, and this was what the public had been told about it, what Vallée supposedly discovered in this mysterious file cast a sinister light on it all.
Jacques Vallee (right) and J. Allen Hynek, who collaborated for years as advisors to the USAF Project Blue Book, and efforts toward bringing a resolution to the UFO problem.
According to the Pentacle Memorandum, which was addressed to a Miles E. Coll at Wright Patterson Air Force Base and meant for transmittal to Captain Edward J. Ruppelt, the panel of scientists convening for the Robertson Panel were being manipulated and not told the whole story. Not only had a secret study of thousands of UFO reports carried out on behalf of the United States government by the Battelle Memorial Institute been withheld from them, but under what was referred to as “Project Stork” they were also told in no uncertain terms that, far from an impartial discussion, there were certain things they were not allowed to talk about. This was basically cherry picking and preselecting evidence, which would guide the conclusion the scientists would reach, and they even suggested postponing the Robertson Panel until it could be decided how much information would be made available to the committee. Vallée would write of this to UFO researcher Barry Greenwood:
The greatest implication, which is perhaps not obvious on first reading but which amounts to a scandal of major proportion in the eyes of any scientist, has to do with the outright manipulation of the Robertson panel. Here is a special meeting of the five most eminent scientists in the land, assembled by the government to discuss a matter of national security. Not only are they not made aware of all the data, but another group has already decided “what can and cannot be discussed (Pentacle’s own words!)” when they meet. Dr. Hynek categorically stated to me that the panel was not briefed about the Pentacle proposals.
Vallée found that this mysterious Project Stork extended beyond merely manipulating and guiding the Robertson Panel. There was also referenced a plan to exploit areas of supposed high UFO activity in order to carry out an experiment to secretly and purposefully manufacture UFO phenomena in order to gather reliable physical data on eyewitness testimony, essentially creating what Vallée would call “a carefully calibrated and monitored simulation of an entire UFO wave.” A portion of the document explains of this project:
We expect that our analysis will show that certain areas in the United States have had an abnormally high number of reported incidents of unidentified flying objects. Assuming that, from our analysis, several definite areas productive of reports can be selected, we recommend that one or two of theses areas be set up as experimental areas. This area, or areas, should have observation posts with complete visual skywatch, with radar and photographic coverage, plus all other instruments necessary or helpful in obtaining positive and reliable data on everything in the air over the area. A very complete record of the weather should also be kept during the time of the experiment. Coverage should be so complete that any object in the air could be tracked, and information as to its altitude, velocity, size, shape, color, time of day, etc. could be recorded. All balloon releases or known balloon paths, aircraft flights, and flights of rockets in the test area should be known to those in charge of the experiment. Many different types of aerial activity should be secretly and purposefully scheduled within the area. We recognize that this proposed experiment would amount to a large-scale military maneuver, or operation, and that it would require extensive preparation and fine coordination, plus maximum security. Although it would be a major operation, and expensive, there are many extra benefits to be derived besides the data on unidentified aerial objects.
The question of just what would be accomplished by the proposed experiment occurs. Just how could the problem of these unidentified objects be solved? From this test area, during the time of the experiment, it can be assumed that there would be a steady flow of reports from ordinary civilian observers, in addition to those by military or other official observers. It should be possible by such a controlled experiment to prove the identity of all objects reported, or to determine positively that there were objects present of unknown identity. Any hoaxes under a set-up such as this could almost certainly be exposed, perhaps not publicly, but at least to the military. In addition, by having resulting data from the controlled experiment, reports for the last five years could be re-evaluated, in the light of similar but positive information. This should make possible reasonably certain conclusions concerning the importance of the problem of “flying saucers”. Results of an experiment such as described could assist the Air Force to determine how much attention to pay to future situations when, as in the past summer, there were thousands of sightings reported. In the future, then, the Air Force should be able to make positive statements, reassuring to the public, and to the effect that everything is well under control.
Vallée saw all of this as an insidious government plan to spread misinformation and manipulate the truth, to obfuscate the honest search for true answers and mislead the public. He also wondered whether this was just one small part of a greater conspiracy to obfuscate the truth and construct just what the public knew about UFOs. In his opinion, this revelation potentially posed the threat of causing huge shockwaves in the UFO field and beyond into society itself. Vallée was quite alarmed by all of this, and would write:
Perhaps the Pentacle memo only proves that scientific studies of UFOs (and even their classified components) have been manipulated since the fifties. But it also suggests several avenues of research which are vital to the future of this field: why were Pentacle’s proposals kept from the panel? Were his plans for a secret simulation of UFO waves implemented? If so, when, where and how? What was discovered as a result? Are these simulations still going on? Hynek once assured me that if it ever turned out that a secret study had been conducted, the American public would raise an unbelievable stink against the military and Intelligence community. It would be an outrage, he said, an insult to the whole country, not to mention a violation of the most cherished American principles of democracy. There would be an uproar in Congress, editorials in major scientific magazines, immediate demands for sanctions.
Making it all even more ominous was that when Hynek found about the document, he had known nothing of any of this, meaning that Project Bluebook itself was being manipulated. Hynek went to directly confront members of the Battelle study about it, to which their reaction was quite volatile. Vallée would say of the incident, “The man I have called Pentacle snatched his notes away and told him in no uncertain terms that the contents of the memo were not to be discussed, under any circumstances. Why should Pentacle worry so much about a simple letter written fifteen years ago?” Indeed, why would they have such a reaction and what did this mean? All of this disturbed Vallée greatly, and he would later say of the document’s profound effect on him:
The discovery of the Pentacle document had a major impact on me. It gave me an uncomfortable insight into the practices of government agencies and the high-powered consultants who serve them. It was the main raison for my return to Europe in 1967. It made obvious some unsavoury aspects of scientific policy at the highest level. It provided quite an education for an idealistic young astronomer.
It would not be until 1992 that word of this secret document came to light, with the release of Valee’s four-volume series titled Forbidden Science. Not long after this, a purported leaked copy of the Pentacle Memorandum came into the possession of UFO researchers, and Vallee would confirm that this was the very same document he had seen back in 1967. The document would end up hitting the public with a whimper, not creating nearly the sort of uproar that Vallée had been expecting. Most people just didn’t really seem to care all that much. Even within UFO circles it got a mixed response, with some sharing Vallée’s alarmist and paranoid interpretation, while others said the document was not particularly significant in the grand scheme of things. Still others took the more extreme stance that the document “proved” that the government was behind the whole UFO phenomena, and that there were no aliens or spaceships, just a large-scale psi-ops scheme. All of these various interpretations have managed to make the Pentacle Memorandum a controversial and much debated document tight up to the present, with no general agreement on what it all means or what implications it might have. It remains an odd footnote in the history of ufology that we may never truly understand for certain, its implications unknown to us.
That’s a highly controversial title for this article. It becomes even more controversial if the answer to the title is “Yes.” Certainly, there are more than a few claims that ufologists have been wiped out for what they knew. Indeed, I wrote about such things in my Assassinations book and in my Diary of Secrets book that addresses the claims Marilyn Monroe might have lost her life because of what she knew about UFOs and aliens. Moving on, one of the strangest stories revolves around (A) a man named Fred Crisman and (B) a place called Maury Island. June 21, 1947 was the date of one of the most mysterious and widely-debated incidents in UFO lore. A man named Harold Dahl, his young son, and several men were shocked and amazed by the sight of a veritable squadron of circular UFOs, with holes around the sides, flying over the waters of Maury Island, Puget Sound, Washington State. Five of the craft seemed to be moving in a smooth fashion at roughly 2,000-feet. That certainly couldn’t be said of one of them: it was clearly, and dangerously, out of control.
(Nick Redfern)
Marilyn dead because of what she knew about UFOs and aliens?
That was made even more obvious when that particular craft suddenly plummeted to a height of around barely 700 feet. This was not a good sign. It was practically an omen. The rest of the mysterious aerial vehicles skillfully maneuvered out of the way, except for just one craft: it proceeded to “touch” the malfunctioning one, as things were described at the time. That didn’t seem to help. The craft then started to “spew forth” a huge amount of material – and showered down a mass of weird debris into the water. Some of it was an extremely thin, light metal. Other material, black in color, was boiling hot – something that was made clear when the wreckage hit the water and instantly caused a huge amount of steam to violently billow and bubble all around. Very unfortunately, the Dahl’s family dog was killed by some of the material as it slammed not just into the water, but onto the family’s boat, also.
A shocked Dahl quickly contacted his boss and friend, Fred Crisman; he was a man who had links to U.S. intelligence, and who wasted no time in gathering up as much of the material as possible. With Crisman and his son helping too, it wasn’t long before a sizeable amount of the material was on the boat and in their collective hands. Seeing the potential dollar-value in the story, Crisman contacted Ray Palmer. He was the publisher of Amazing Stories magazine. Crisman wondered if he, Palmer, might be interested in having an article written on what had happened – something that led a number of UFO researchers to wonder if Crisman had conjured up an elaborate hoax. Certain events that continued to grow quickly suggested it wasn’t a fabrication. First and foremost, the U.S. military was soon on the scene to scoop up the material. Specifically, the two involved were Captain William Lee Davidson and First Lieutenant Frank Mercer Brown. The pair was acting on the orders of General Nathan Twining, a key figure in the U.S. military’s early investigations into Flying Saucers. Those orders were never fulfilled. How can you fulfill orders when you’re dead?
Brown and Davidson flew into the area – from Hamilton Field, California – with not a problem in sight, at all. They collected as much of that weird debris as they could and took to the skies. On the way back, however, the absolute unthinkable happened. Their planned destination was Wright Field, Ohio (today, known as Wright-Patterson Air Force Base). A team was to be ready and waiting at the other end to take hold of that mass of curious material. The two hadn’t been in the skies for long, however, when malfunctions kicked in. Severe malfunctions. To the extent that the plane plummeted to the ground, killing them in a fiery nightmare. The wreckage mysteriously vanished. All we have left are a few old, black-and-white photos taken at the time and held by the FBI.
(Nick Redfern)
a UFO-JFK connection?
There is a bizarre afterword, I must stress. And what an afterword it is. While Harold Dahl largely fell into obscurity afterwards, the same most definitely cannot be said for Fred Crisman. He became a prominent figure within the Kennedy assassination. Indeed, in 1968, when District Attorney Jim Garrison was at the height of his investigation of JFK’s death, Crisman was subpoenaed by Garrison, himself. Garrison had it in his mind that Crisman wasn’t just a minor figure in the death of the president. For Garrison, Crisman was quite possibly one of the assassins at Dealey Plaza, Dallas on November 22, 1963. Garrison was sure Crisman was poised and ready to go on the fateful day, but in the guise of one of three “hoboes” – as they were described – seen lurking around the Grassy Knoll when JFK was shot. Was all of this just a catalog of unconnected weird situations? Was there something that deliberately placed Crisman in the heart of President Kennedy’s assassination? And, if so, was all this linked to real UFOs? Or, was the Maury Island incident – that began it all – a bad joke turned absolutely tragic? Just like so many other cases involving ufologists who might have lost their lives because of UFOs, the Maury Island controversy can go either way.
During the Autumn of 1947, the air was still fresh with news of “flying saucers” that many in the United States—including military personnel—were claiming to have seen.
Although many in officialdom remained skeptical, there nonetheless remained a level of concern within the United States Government regarding the origins of the saucers; were all of these witnesses just mistaken, or could the Soviets have a new aerial capability that seemed to surpass anything we had here at home?
The Army Air Forces naturally became tasked with looking into the matter, and occasionally aiding their inquiries were field agents with the Federal Bureau of Investigation, when requested. However, by September of that year, things had begun to grow sour in terms of the level of cooperation between the agencies. How cooperation between the Army Air Force and the FBI related to UFOs fell apart is one of the many interesting historical footnotes in the more than seven decades of U.S. government involvement with the subject.
US Army Air Forces recruitment poster from the Second World War
(Public Domain).
One Air Defense Command Headquarters memo dated September 3, 1947, titled “Cooperation of FBI with AAF on Investigations of ‘Flying Disc’ Incidents,” might be seen as the catalyst for the breakup. It was delivered to Command Generals with the First, Second, Fourth, Tenth, Eleventh and Fourteenth Air Forces, and came directly from Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence Colonel R. H. Smith at Headquarters of Air Defense Command, Mitchel Field, New York. In it, Smith outlined the problems that had begun to appear between the agencies, along with his own apparent flippancy toward the flying saucer reports.
“The Federal Bureau of Investigation has agreed to assist Air Force Intelligence personnel in the investigation of ‘flying disc’ incidents in order to quickly and effectively rule out what are pranks and to concentrate on what appears to be a genuine incident,” the memo stated, adding that the original arrangement had been that the FBI “would investigate incidents of so-called “discs” being found on the ground” and that the Bureau’s services “were enlisted in order to relieve the numbered Air Forces of the task of tracking down all the many instances which turned out to be ash can covers, toilet seats, and whatnot.”
The memo’s dismissive tone regarding “ash can covers” and “toilet seats” mistaken for fallen saucers hadn’t gone unnoticed. In fact, one field agent with the FBI’s San Francisco office became particularly irked by the Colonel Smith’s tone, firing back a few choice words in a memorandum of his own, dated September 19, 1947.
“It is my understanding from recent Bureau instructions that we are to assist the Air Force Intelligence personnel in the investigation of flying disc incidents,” wrote Harry M. Kimball, Special Agent in Charge, in the late September memo.
In his retort, Kimball wrote that “the attention of the Bureau is respectfully called to paragraph two of this letter and to the last sentence therein which states, ‘The services of the FBI were enlisted in order to relieve the numbered Air Forces of the task of tracking down all the many instances which turned out to be ash can covers, toilet seats, and whatnot.’
While Kimball primarily took issue with instructions contained in Smith’s September 3 memo which, in his view, would have a limiting effect on the investigations conducted by the FBI, he also took notice of Smith’s sarcasm, stating that “it appears to me the wording of the last sentence in the second paragraph mentioned above is cloaked in entirely uncalled-for language tending to indicate the Bureau will be asked to conduct investigations only in those cases which are not important and which are almost, in fact, ridiculous.
“The thought has occurred to me the Bureau might desire to discuss this matter further with the Army Air Forces,” Kimball wrote, “both as to the type of investigations which we will conduct and also to object to the scurrilous wordage which, to say the least, is insulting to the Bureau in the last sentence of paragraph two.”
On September 26, Kimball’s initial letter received a response from Assistant Director Ladd, who wrote in a memorandum of his own that “It is recommended that the Bureau protest vigorously to the Assistant Chief of Air Staff-2,” further recommending that the FBI “discontinue all activity in this field and that the Bureau Field Offices be advised to discontinue all investigations and to refer all complaints received to the Air Forces.” With the help of Ladd’s response, Kimball’s initial complaint with the Army Air Force and, more specifically, Colonel Smith’s “uncalled-for language” went all the way up to Director J. Edgar Hoover, who upon reading it, fired off a memo of his own directly to Major General George MacDonald, Assistant Chief of Air Staff.
FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, the keeper of all secrets
“The Federal Bureau of Investigation has been requested by your office to assist in the investigation of reported sightings of flying discs,” Hoover’s memorandum led off. My attention has been called to instructions disseminated by the Air Forces relative to this matter.”
However, things went downhill from here, as Hoover’s dissatisfaction quickly became reflected in the further wording of the memorandum to General MacDonald.
“I have been advised that these instructions indicate that the Air Forces would interview responsible observers while the FBI would investigate incidents of discs found on the ground, thereby relieving the Air Force of running down incidents which in many cases turned out to be ‘ash can covers, toilet seats, and whatnot.’
“In view of the apparent understanding by the Air Forces of the position of the Federal Bureau of Investigation in this matter,” Hoover steamed, “I cannot permit the personnel and time of this organization to be dissipated in this manner. I am advising the Field Divisions of the Federal Bureau of Investigation to discontinue all investigative activity regarding the reported sightings of flying discs, and am instructing them to refer all complaints received to the appropriate Air Force representative in their area.
Hoover’s stormy reply to the Army Air Force was followed by an additional Bureau Bulletin, which was sent out on October 1, stating that “Effective immediately, the Bureau has discontinued its investigative activities,” and that “All future reports connected with flying discs should be referred to the Air Forces and no investigative action should be taken by Bureau Agents.”
Thus ended the cooperation between the Army Air Force and J. Edgar Hoover’s FBI on the investigation of UFOs, and within months of the story of “flying saucers” first coming to public attention in the summer of 1947. One can’t help but wonder whether things might have played out differently, had the Assistant Chief of Air Staff-2, Colonel Smith, not felt it appropriate to inject his own cynicism into the matter.
Nonetheless, the resulting document trail marks the beginning of a pattern involving uncooperative exchanges between government agencies on the UFO issue… a pattern that after more than seven decades, continues even into the present day.
Is it possible that some of the cryptid creatures seen on our world are actually extraterrestrial creatures? Yes, it’s a highly controversial theory, but stay with me. Let’s have a look at some of the creatures that just might fit into this particular, peculiar category of alien-and-monster. We’ll begin with the matter of that modern day werewolf, the Dogman. It haunts much of Wisconsin and Michigan – and many other parts of the United States, too. In 2005, Dogman expert Linda Godfrey was contacted by a man – a military whistle-blower, we might say – who was an expert in the field of remote-viewing. According to Linda’s Edward Snowden-like source, the U.S. Government has uncovered data suggesting that the Dogmen are a very ancient, alien race that closely resembles the ancient deity of the Underworld. And who might that be? It’s Anubis, that’s who. Linda’s informant also discovered – via remote-viewing – that the Dogmen can “jump” from location to location via portals or doorways in the fabric of space and time. That’s quite a story told to Godfrey. And a wild way to begin this article, too.
(Nick Redfern)
Linda Godfrey, Dogman expert, with Nick Redfern
Now, let’s go on to the matter of what are known as small “hairy hominids.” That’s right, all around the world there are stories of hair-covered creatures in our forests and jungles. But, what about the UFO/alien angle of this? Well, let’s see. Perhaps the best example of this particularly mystifying aspect of the phenomenon was that which occurred in Venezuela, back in late 1954. So far as can be determined, the controversy – which very quickly became a matter dominated by nothing but cold, unrelenting terror – began sometime after midnight on November 28. All was normal for Jose Ponce and Gustavo Gonzalez, as they traveled along a small road on the fringes of Caracas, Venezuela. Or, to be absolutely correct, all was normal for a while. The dark road was suddenly lit up by what the astonished pair could only describe as a bright ball of light, with a circumference of around three feet. It swayed slightly in the air, not unlike a small boat bobbing along on the water.
The two slowed down their vehicle as they approached it, eventually coming to a complete halt. It was then, suddenly, that astonishment was replaced by outright terror. While Ponce stayed inside the van, Gonzalez cautiously exited the vehicle; he began to slowly and tentatively walk towards the hovering globe. Suddenly, Gonzalez found himself thrown to the ground by an unseen force. The reason why the attacker was unseen – for a few seconds, at least – was because of its size. Or, rather, its profound lack of size. Gonzalez, to his shock and fear, was finally able to see what had assaulted him: a small, hair-covered creature that was built like a man, but which was only around three feet in height. Acting on impulse and adrenalin, Gonzalez attempted to plunge his knife into the body of the creature, only for the knife to bounce off it. In mere seconds, another hairy dwarf was on the scene, and temporarily blinded Gonzalez with a bright light that emitted from a powerful, flashlight-type device. Shocked to the core, Ponce gathered his wits together and jumped out of the van to help his friend, who was stumbling around, his eyesight still affected by the powerful beam that hit him with full force. To Ponce’s growing concern, two more of the hairy creatures surfaced out of the shadows, and both making their way towards the men – and armed, no less, with large rocks.
(Nick Redfern)
Now, onto another hairy hominid. This one, though, is hardly small. It towers over us. That’s right: Bigfoot. While most cryptozoologists (monster-hunters) dismiss the claims that there is a Bigfoot-UFO connection, a smaller core are sure that the creatures are far more than what they appear to be. Certainly, the leading figure in the “Saucers and Sasquatch” camp is Stan Gordon – and his book, Silent Invasion, is the definitive study of this issue. is a swirling cauldron filled with dark and ominous woods; glowing-eyed beast-men prowling the countryside by night; strange lights in the sky; UFO landings; neighborhoods gripped by terror and fear; and much, much more, too. And, it’s thanks to Stan’s research, as well as his in-depth files prepared back when all the dark drama was going on, that we’re now able to appreciate the curious chaos and calamity that collectively hit the unsuspecting folk of Pennsylvania all those years ago. But, that’s not all: macabre Men in Black, paranormal activity, psychic possession, secret government interest in Bigfoot, and prophetic visions of a dark and foreboding future all come to the fore in a book that is guaranteed to make you think twice about the true nature of Bigfoot.
(Nick Redfern)
Nick Redfern and Stan Gordon
To his credit, Stan does not take the simplistic approach that Bigfoot is some sort of “pet of the aliens,” as some might assume. Instead, he logically, forthrightly and with supportive data in-hand, makes it abundantly clear that – even if we don’t have all the answers – addressing the Bigfoot controversy from a purely zoological perspective does not work – at all. He notes the problematic lack of a body (even just one would be nice!), the meager evidence of Bigfoot’s eating habits, and its uncanny ability to always avoid capture – not to mention that the beast appears to be nigh-on bulletproof. And I do mean that literally! And Stan hammers home, time and again, that where Bigfoot turns up, so – very often – do a host of other Fortean favorites. Something strange and diabolical was afoot in Pennsylvania between 1972 and 1974. Bigfoot, UFOs and a plethora of paranormal activity were all in evidence. Somewhere, somehow, there is a connection – even if it’s one we’re not fully able to understand, just yet. Until we do, however, Silent Invasion will provide you with much to think about, to muse upon, and to ponder. And it may just make you totally revise your views on North America’s most famous ape-man, the Dogman, and those mysterious tiny, hairy creatures. We’re not quite over.
On my many trips to Puerto Rico in search of the Chupacabra, people have told me of sightings of UFOs and bright lights in the same areas – many of them deep in the El Yunque Rain-Forest. The same goes for the Loch Ness Monster: the legendary lake has been the site of a Man in Black that scared the life out of the late investigator, F.W. “Ted” Holiday. On August 13, 1971, a notable encounter occurred at Loch Ness. Not with a monster, but with a UFO. The witness was one Graham Snape, who told Ted Holiday that he saw an unidentified object crossing the skies above Loch Ness in a left to right fashion, quickly, and with not even a bit of accompanying noise. The somewhat circular-shaped UFO was purple with a white center. By his own admission, Snape was unsure of the size of the object but suggested it was around five-feet in diameter.
Like it or not, there does appear to be a connection between aliens and cryptids. And it doesn’t seem to be going away at anytime now. John Keel would be smiling at all this: after all, he discovered the monster-alien angle decades ago. Unfortunately, so many people have dismissed it. Too bad for them.
(Nick Redfern)
El Yunque: a home to the Chupacabra and aliens and UFOs
Wow, go big or go home right? OMG, this is just amazing! This UFO was burning up like fire but it's not falling, but traveling at a normal horizontal angle. It doesn't look like space junk or a meteor. Its a UFO! Whats really cool its it breaks perfectly into two different craft as its traveling above Dubai. 100% proof that aliens are looking after Dubai and protecting it. I bet some of those there are a lot of aliens who disguise themselves as princes in Dubai...to hide the wealth they accumulate. It would explain a lot about how the wealth was accumulated so fast so easily and in such massive amounts.
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
Eyewitness states:
What was this in JBR, Dubai today? Anybody see these?
White Disk Behind Passenger Jet Over Tokyo, Japan, Video, 3-13-2022, UFO Sighting News.
White Disk Behind Passenger Jet Over Tokyo, Japan, Video, 3-13-2022, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: March 13, 2022
Location of sighting: Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Hey check this one out. A person in Japan was driving along and noticed a white object following a passenger jet over Tokyo this week. The white craft would follow behind the jet and then slow down for a second and fall behind, then speed up again to catch up, then do it all again. Its as iff this object was getting caught in the jet stream on purpose so that it could closely analyze how toxic this pollution is to our planet. It certainly was no there to hide from the public below, but may be trying to hide form the pilot and passengers...since the tail area is the only location without visibility from within. Yet...just maybe there is someone of importance on this plane, not important to you or me, but important to the aliens themselves. Maybe a descendant, or relative or even an actual alien is on board the jet.
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
Eyewitness states:
While I was driving on Kawagoe Kaido, discovers a UFO that locks on directly behind a passenger plane.
Top screenshot has added shadow and contrast to bring out detail, below is unedited original.
Last June, the world received a snapshot of what the current attitudes within the United States Government are when it comes to unidentified aerial phenomena, or what are historically known as unidentified flying objects (UFOs).
In a report entitled “Unidentified Aerial Phenomena: Preliminary Assessment”, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) presented a brief summary of the findings of the Navy’s Unidentified Aerial Phenomenon Task Force (UAPTF). At just six pages, the report left much to the imagination, although it did provide at least some details about the government’s current UAP investigative efforts. These included 144 incidents involving the apparent detection of objects that could not be identified, most of which were observed by members of the U.S. military in controlled airspace.
In many ways, the report amounted to an inkblot test for those who read it; the scant information provided was vague enough to leave open to question what, precisely, the UAP observed by U.S. military personnel are, and what their origins might be.
That ambiguity wasn’t enough to prevent many from drawing premature conclusions about the phenomenon witnessed. Since the report’s delivery, there have been ongoing assertions that while we still aren’t sure about what UAP are, we do supposedly know what they are not.
Now. Powered by Northrop Grumman is a blog presented by the famous American multinational defense and aerospace company, known for being one of the world’s largest manufacturers of military weapons. According to one online source, the blog is described as a site that “covers relevant, topical subjects in cutting-edge science, from deep space to the deep sea and everything in between,” whose mission is “to help this audience understand that their issues and interests are our issues and interests.”
In a recent posting at the blog by Nancy Huang, titled “UFO Sightings Are Real, but Aliens Are Not Responsible”, the author paradoxically asserts—despite the post’s title—that in 18 of the 144 incidents the report references, “UAP exhibited unusual movement patterns” which “could be due to sensor errors or observer misperception, but they could also be due to breakthrough technologies (from Earth) or aliens.”
That’s right, she said aliens. Indeed, reading the excerpt above, it seems hard to imagine that the author has really concluded that “aliens are not responsible,” and that extraterrestrial technologies can be entirely ruled out as a possible source behind some UAP observations logged in the June assessment.
The article goes on to describe how the ODNI report from last June presents five categories into which, according to the author, “All UAP incidents are expected to eventually be included”. Those categories, as detailed in the ODNI report, are “airborne clutter, natural atmospheric phenomena, USG or industry developmental programs, foreign adversary systems, and a catchall ‘other’ bin.”
A cursory glance at these might lead one to the mistaken conclusion that if all UAP observed by the military fall into one of these categories, then there must be little more to the issue than surveillance drones or other technologies in use by adversaries of the United States (actually a rather concerning prospect). On the lesser extreme, UAP sightings might consist only of natural phenomena or other things with mundane explanations.
However, those who have read the ODNI report may recall that on Page 6 of the assessment, the authors present the following interesting additional information about the otherwise unremarkable sounding “Other” category:
“Although most of the UAP described in our dataset probably remain unidentified due to limited data or challenges to collection processing or analysis, we may require additional scientific knowledge to successfully collect on, analyze and characterize some of them. We would group such objects in this category pending scientific advances that allowed us to better understand them. The UAPTF intends to focus additional analysis on the small number of cases where a UAP appeared to display unusual flight characteristics or signature management.”
One would likely find it hard to imagine that anything relatively mundane could also display “unusual flight characteristics or signature management,” the latter meaning that some of these objects appear to possess the ability to reduce their visibility or instrumental detection by technological means.
From this, several conclusions may be drawn about some of the “Other” category phenomena in question, which includes 1) that some UAP are technological devices, 2) that some of these devices appear to operate in ways that our military doesn’t fully understand, and 3) that whatever these objects are, they are purposely trying to avoid detection.
Add to this the fact that, as we have seen in recent days, Russia’s military may well have bitten off more than it could chew with its attempted invasion of Ukraine. What many feared (and Russia no doubt believed) would be a swift military takeover has resulted in almost a month of battle, and the unnecessary loss of countless innocent Ukrainian lives, as well as the deaths of Russian soldiers by the thousands.
The point here, with relevance to the UAP argument, is this: are we really supposed to believe Russia, with the obvious limitations its military has been shown to have throughout this conflict, are the ones producing UAP being observed by the U.S. military in its own airspace? The likelihood of this possibility in light of recent events, or even their belonging to a nation like China, grows increasingly slim.
In summary, although many continue to proclaim in headlines that UAP/UFO sightings do occur, but that they aren’t aliens (while seemingly contradicting themselves just a few sentences into their own articles that make such proclamations), the truth is that we simply don’t know what these objects are, or where some of them might come from.
Yes, the extraterrestrial hypothesis remains a possibility. This, along with a few other potential alternatives, should remain on the table until enough data is collected that conclusive determinations about the nature and origin of UAP can be made.
“The subject of UFOs is one that has interested me for some long time. About ten or twelve years ago I made an effort to find out what was in the building at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base where the information is stored that has been collected by the Air Force, and I was understandably denied this request. It is still classified above Top Secret.” Intriguing words! And they are made even more intriguing by the fact that they were set forth in a 28 March 1975 letter to the UFO investigator Shlomo Arnon by none other than the late Senator Barry Goldwater, formerly the chairman of the U.S. Senate Intelligence Committee. For years, it has been rumored that at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, there exists a highly-classified (and decidedly off-limits) series of rooms, aircraft hangars and underground chambers, where the preserved remains of a number of dead alien creatures are stored along with the wreckage of their crashed and recovered spacecraft. In specifically generic and folkloric terms, the location of this astonishing evidence has become popularly known as Hangar 18.
Of those who attempted to force open the doors of Hangar 18, the late Leonard Stringfield was certainly the most active. A United States Air Force Intelligence officer during the Second World War, Stringfield collected a huge amount of data that, if true, suggested that at Wright-Patterson AFB there existed an absolute wealth of UFO material, debris and even alien bodies, locked away from prying eyes. What was perhaps the most fantastic account related to Stringfield, however, concerned an allegedly-live alien on the loose at the Air Force Museum in Ohio, that had supposedly escaped from its confines within the bowels of Wright-Patterson. It was a Sunday in 1965 when “R.M.” and his wife decided to pay a visit to the museum. With his wife engrossed in examining a German V-2 rocket, R.M. wandered off and found himself lost and heading down a corridor with a double door marked OFF LIMITS.
(Nick Redfern)
Aliens Hidden Away?
Going through the door, he suddenly found himself confronted by “a being so incredible looking that all he can remember in his numb state was saying ‘Hi,’ to which he got no response.” The creature was small, and its eyes were large under a heavy brow; there was no nose and only a slit for a mouth. Standing in stark amazement, R.M. could only stare in awe as the creature shuffled towards him and pointed its elongated fingers into his face. At that point, alarms began to scream, lights flashed and R.M. made a hasty retreat. Military police were everywhere, ushering people to the exits. The cause for the emergency evacuation [R.M] opined, was without question the creature who probably had escaped from its confinement,” said Stringfield.
(Nick Redfern)
Secret sites for hiding aliens?
Intriguingly, according to a retired Air Force colonel known to “R.M.,” at the time two live alien creatures were reportedly held at Wright Patterson – American scientists having developed an “incubative [sic] atmosphere” to sustain them. As Stringfield stated, “Live aliens! Loose in the Air Force Museum? Fantastic, of course, but the Wright-Patterson complex is vast and so are its underground facilities. It is conceivable, if truly live aliens exist, that one may have slipped by the guards into the passageways and surfaced in an upper chamber of the museum. “My views on all of this? I wish I could believe it. The fact is, though, that I can’t. At least, not without a significant amount of corroborating data. However, there isn’t any. There are only words. If there was hard evidence – and in the public domain – we would all know. Stories like this one intrigue me and frustrate me. Just like a great deal of Ufology!
The neolithic city of Çatalhöyük, in what was Anatolia or Asia Minor and now Turkey, is considered to be the oldest known city in the world, making it one of the world’s most important archaeological sites. While ancient, the civilization living there 9000 years ago showed a remarkable talent for acquiring and using colorful pigments for ceremonial, decorative and funeral activities. A new study published in Scientific Reportsfocused on one strange practice – the painting of skeletons. Since the skeletons appear to have been painted a number of times with different colors, the reasons were a puzzling and somewhat macabre mystery to researchers.
(Not a skull from this story)
The strangeness starts with the burials themselves – the graves are typically underneath buildings, which were tightly packed in this densely populated city. The skeletons uncovered by earlier archeologists were partially painted with bright colors and the signs indicated they had been removed one or more times to paint. Researchers from the University of Bern on the new study noticed something unusual – the number of burial layers under a building matched layers of paintings found on its wall. As senior study author Marco Milella explains in the press release:
“This means when they buried someone, they also painted on the walls of the house.”
After making that connection between burial and building, they found another. The colors used on the skeletons were unique to the sex of the person, and the colors matched those used on the wall when they were buried. Red ochre was most popular – used on children and adults – while cinnabar (a brownish red) was found on males and blue/green on females. Then it gets stranger – some of the remains appear to have been dug up a second time and painted again … but not reburied right away.
“Some individuals “stayed” in the community: their skeletal elements were retrieved and circulated for some time, before they were buried again. This second burial of skeletal elements was also accompanied by wall paintings.”
Bones, but not complete skeletons, were repainted and passed around the community for a while – possibly as a sign of reverence of the dead. When they were buried again, their colors were added to a new painting on the building’s walls. The researchers have not yet identified the reason why only some of the skeletons were painted – there seems to be no correlation between selecting which bones to paint and age or sex. But they definitely “provide new insights into pigment use by this community, by showing the internal dynamics of this particular society and contributing to the interpretation of mortuary practices in Neolithic Anatolia.”
Why some bones but not others?
(Not bones from this story)
The usage of pigments to paint skeletons and corresponding wall designs lasted until around 6500 BCE, as the resident of Çatalhöyük increased productivity, increased the social autonomy of single households, and moved to a more dispersed settlement pattern, thus reducing ritual ties such as the painting and sharing of ancestral bones. The study recommends future analysis of other Neolithic Anatolia sites for the use of mortuary pigment.
While less macabre, it’s still sad to see cultures lose these rituals that bind people together to remember their ancestors and loved ones.
Skeleton of a male individual aged between 35 and 50 years old with cinnabar painting on the cranium.
Detail of the cinnabar stripe on the cranium of the male individual.
NASA has discovered more than 5,000 planets outside of our solar system – but so far, Earth is the only one that appears to have the right conditions for human life.
NASA said it has confirmed 5,005 exoplanets – or planets outside of our solar system. Most are in a very small region outside of our galaxy, the Milky Way. And by "small," NASA means within thousands of light-years. One light year is 5.88 trillion miles.
The closest known exoplanet to Earth, Proxima Centauri b, is about four light-years away.
NASA has been studying exoplanets for 30 years, and even with the number surpassing 5,000, Earth is the only planet NASA knows of with life on it – so far.
"Scientists are searching the galaxy for planets similar to Earth, and signs of life," NASA says. "As we see on Earth, life can adapt to conditions that human beings would consider very harsh," such as temperature, radiation, salinity, acidity and aridity. It may be possible that life has started on other worlds and adapted to conditions quite alien to what we are used to, NASA says.
NASA's Kepler Space Telescope helped scientists discover there are more planets than stars in the galaxy, and the administration is working to learn all about the exoplanets' "weirdness, their variety, and all the fascinating things they can tell us about how planets form and develop."
There are 8,709 exoplanet candidates that require further observation to determine if they are real.
As for if a person will ever go to an exoplanet, NASA says not anytime soon, since it would be an enormous distance to travel. However, NASA suggested a robot could visit an exoplanet like the rovers on Mars one day very far in the future. "Today, NASA is concentrating on the steps to get humans to Mars, which is our next-door neighbor," NASA says.
Meer dan vijfduizend planeten buiten ons zonnestelsel ontdekt
Er zijn inmiddels meer dan vijfduizend ‘exoplaneten’ buiten ons zonnestelsel ontdekt. Dat aantal is overschreden nu er 65 nieuwe planeten zijn ontdekt en zijn toegevoegd aan het overzicht van het Amerikaanse ruimtevaartbureau NASA.
De eerste exoplaneet werd ontdekt in 1992. Ondertussen staat de teller op 5.005 bevestigde planeten rond andere sterren dan de zon. Sommige zijn klein en steenachtig zoals de Aarde, terwijl andere exoplaneten gasreuzen zijn, die veel groter zijn dan Jupiter. Bovendien zijn er planeten die om twee sterren heen draaien.
Daarnaast zijn er nog duizenden potentiële planeten. Wetenschappers hebben signalen opgepikt en vermoeden dat die exoplaneten bestaan, maar het definitieve en onomstotelijke bewijs is er nog niet. Ons zonnestelsel telt acht planeten: Mercurius, Venus, de Aarde, Mars, Jupiter, Saturnus, Uranus en Neptunus.
Het werkelijke aantal planeten in het heelal ligt hoogstwaarschijnlijk nog veel hoger. Alleen al in onze Melkweg zijn minstens 100 miljard sterren en honderden miljarden stelsels zoals de Melkweg. Al die sterren in al die stelsels kunnen ook planeten bij zich hebben.
HET MYSTERIE VAN HET VERDWENEN STERRENSTELSEL M102
HET MYSTERIE VAN HET VERDWENEN STERRENSTELSEL M102
Tim Kraaijvanger
Hoe ziet een sterrenstelsel er van de zijkant uit? De ruimtefoto van de week laat het zien.
De Hubble-ruimtetelescoop maakte in 2016 deze prachtige foto van NGC 5866, ook wel bekend als Messier 102. Dit lensvormige stelsel is 45 miljoen lichtjaar van de aarde verwijderd en zien we vanaf de zijkant. In NGC 5866 zijn circa honderd miljard sterren te vinden. In vergelijking: onze eigen Melkweg is uit ten minste 200 miljard sterren samengesteld.
Welk sterrenstelsel is M102? De Franse astronoom Charles Messier bracht in de achttiende eeuw een boek uit met daarin een groep van 110 astronomische objecten. Deze Messier-catalogus is wereldberoemd geworden en alle grote sterrenstelsels hebben een plekje in dit boek. Zo is het Andromedastelsel terug te vinden als M31. Er is echter veel onduidelijkheid over object M102. In 1781 observeerde de Franse astronoom Pierre Méchain M102 en dit object werd door Messier toegevoegd aan de catalogus. Helaas vergat Messier coördinaten toe te voegen, waardoor het onzeker is welk object M102 is. Méchain gaf later toe dat hij fout zat en dat M102 hetzelfde object was als M101. Het zogenoemde Windmolenstelsel zou dus twee keer in de catalogus staan, als M101 en M102. Maar is dat echt zo? Tegenwoordig gaan astronomen er van uit dat M102 in feite NGC 5866 is. Dit sterrenstelsel voldoet namelijk aan de beschrijving van Méchain (“nevel zonder sterren, lichtzwak en vrij groot, namelijk 6 tot 7 inch in diameter, tussen de linkerhand van sterrenbeeld Ossenhoeder en de staart van Grote Beer”) en de coördinaten komen overeen met die in de handgeschreven aantekeningen van Messier.
Op de foto is de donkere stofband duidelijk te zien. Achter de donkere stofband is een heldere blauwe schijf zichtbaar, die buiten de stofbanden doorschiet. In deze schijf bevinden zich veel sterren. In het centrum van het sterrenstelsel zie je een kleine rode uitstulping. Dit is de kern van NGC 5866. Tenslotte hangt er een zweem van licht rondom het sterrenstelsel. Dit is de halo. De halo is een bolvormige ruimte met veel sterren en (bolvormige) sterrenhopen. De dichtheid is veel lager dan in de spiraalarmen en dit verklaart waarom de halo minder fel is dan de blauwe schijf. Leuk weetje over sterren in de halo: zij draaien niet om het middelpunt van een sterrenstelsel heen, terwijl de sterren in de spiraalarmen dit wel doen.
Op de foto zijn tientallen andere sterrenstelsels zichtbaar. Dit zijn sterrenstelsels die miljoenen of zelfs miljarden lichtjaren verder van ons verwijderd zijn dan NGC 5866. Aan de andere kant zijn er ook sterren op de foto te zien die veel dichter bij de aarde staan. De grootste ster is in de rechterbovenhoek te zien.
De afgelopen decennia hebben ruimtetelescopen en satellieten prachtige foto’s gemaakt van nevels, sterrenstelsels, stellaire kraamkamers en planeten. Ieder weekend halen we één of meerdere indrukwekkende ruimtefoto uit het archief. Genieten van alle foto’s? Bekijk ze op deze pagina.
Filer’s Files March 14 2022 - Pine Bush Boomerang Investigation - PART I
Ehrenburg, Arizona on February 28, 2022
Filer’s Files March 14 2022 - Pine Bush Boomerang Investigation - PART I
Major George A. Filer III ret. USAF
New Jersey State Director
MUFON Eastern Region Director
Www.nationalUFOcenter.com.
Special reports are: Pine Bush Boomerang Investigation, UFOs From the Future, SpaceX’s Star link satellites Providing Intelligence to Ukraine,
Ukraine War Supply and Reconnaissance, Carbon 60. And Strange Craft.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Arizona, California, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, New Jersey, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Washington
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Australia, , Canada, France, Mexico, and England in the United Kingdom.
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force and DOD investigated UFOs for more than forty years; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFOs are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
Forward these files to your friends and neighbors. Like my site? Spread the word!
Special Projects
Pine Bush Boomerang Investigation
Pine Bush Boomerang
On the 3rd of October 1997 a group of MUFON investigators from four states gathered at Newburgh, New York, for a three day field trip. This was no ordinary group of people. They were all MUFON, field investigators and came together to perform an experiment. They wanted to see if ten people could work together as one, and collect data at night using various types of instruments and cameras. They also wanted to try to duplicate some of the results of Bruce Cornet, who had been studying the Pine Bush phenomenon since June of 1992.
MUFON field crew, Field Investigators at Muddy Kill Lane, Montgomery, NY, 3 October 1997, 1. John Love, 2. Dennis Hawley, 3. Jim Durfee, 4. Jim Bouck, 5. Rick Atristain, 6. Bruce Tilden, 7. Bob Long, 8. George Filer, 9. Bruce Cornet, 10. Alexander Zikas,
The team met and stayed at the Super 8 Motel in Newburgh, NY, and had an organizational meeting at a Holiday Inn nearby.
Frick Atristain organized the project, while Bruce Cornet provided the field locations for their nighttime experiment. The first location where the team set up their equipment was along Muddy Kill Lane, located on the eastern side of a low ridge along the western side of the Wallkill River Valley.
Two theodolites were used in order to track objects in the sky, determine their trajectories, triangulate their distances and altitudes, and record communications between pilots and the tower at Stewart Airport.
Rich Atristain gives members of the team a lesson in how to use the surveying equipment.
That location could not be maintained when local residents complained about our activities, and Montgomery police asked us to locate somewhere else. The police chief, Sergeant Edward Clancy, offered his property, but because it was not close to where Cornet had done his research, the Owen dairy farm was chosen instead.
The team examines the Native American mound located on the Owen dairy farm at the center of the UFO hotspot. The aerial shot below, taken on 10 May 1994, shows the raised mound with remnant hexagonal shape, and another permanent circular feature to the west. It is from the small field just west of the circular feature that an AOP/UAP rose up two years earlier Circular discolorations in the grasses can still be seen from the air, years after they were made by craft landing and taking off from there.
Probable ancient Indian Mound left, landing field right
.The field between the mound and circle was measured, the theodolites set up and the distance between them measured, and cameras on tripods positioned in order to record aerial objects from different angles. Indian mound, material consisted mostly of stream pebbles and orange-brown soil, implying that it was built up and not the product of natural erosion.
On 28 October 1995 another group of people witnessed an AOP (UAP of Dr. Richard F. Haines) turn on its plasma headlights, lift off from a small field to northwest of the Indian mound, and fly to a field to the southeast of the mound.
Flashing plasma lights during lift off from field, turning silent.
For most of the evening the team saw and recorded conventional aircraft either flying towards or from Stewart International Airport, or flying at high altitude over the valley. If it hadn’t been for the recording of a pilot asking the control tower to “Check those runway lights up nice and bright for us, “indicating it was not landing at Stewart.” Then thanking the tower for complying, implicates a human pilot and a possible military aircraft landing at a secret base nearby. No aircraft landed at Stewart at this time. Some aliens also speak English and needed runway lights.
It wasn’t until Cornet had his film developed that he discovered the first two anomalies: Lights that appeared to strobe on the time exposures, but which did not strobe on the video, and glowing bars of light across the leading edges of both wings. In addition, the running lights on the video appear normal: White, green, and red. But all the lights on the time exposures are a golden color. Five still frames, showing the boomerang from directly below at 10:53:12 pm to showing it turning and moving away from the camera.
Eighteen seconds of video are presented, with the last image at 10:53:30 pm viewing the boomerang from behind. The time exposure on the right represents about 20 seconds of time, with the central strobe firing once every three seconds. See Image Analysis.
Bill Ristau flight instructor and airline pilot for 31 years. analyzed the pictures of this wild looking “craft” appear to be the “Boomerang”.
The wing dihedral portends an angle of 15 to 20 degrees or more. I do not remember ever flying any aircraft with more than about 5 to 7 degrees of dihedral. Dihedral enhances stability during turns and indicates this craft has low speed capabilities. This is speculation but the extreme angle of descent, not ending in a crash, might well be proof of that.. I suppose it is not one of ours since all airports are locked down now since 9/11.
There is no reflection of light off of a forward-projecting fuselage, engine pods, and no reflection of light off of a tail section. If this aircraft had a tail and nose section, its bright lights would reflect off of some part of those structures. There is no elongate dark silhouette where a fuselage would be on a conventional aircraft. Instead, the fuselage appears to be trapezoid in shape, with a square, box-like front. The running lights and strobes are asymmetrically positioned, which is highly unusual – especially for so many of them being asymmetrical. The landing lights and strobes are also located too close to the center line of the aircraft; these conditions are not typical of conventional aircraft.
Bruce Cornet caught this on video flying sideways over his neighbor’s property in Red Bank, NJ, on 24 April 1997.
The dihedral angle of the wings is incorrect for a conventional aircraft. As Bill Ristau pointed out above, the dihedral angle of this aircraft is 15-20 degrees or more. NO conventional or military aircraft has its wings forming a V-shape like this.
’
The image is looking at the boomerang from behind. This is not a B-2 bomber, that has hardly any dihedral angle of the wings.’
The time exposure shows all the lights to be of a similar golden color. Only the central bright light, which occasionally flashes red on the video, has an aura of red around it in the time exposure. The bar-like slats along the leading edge of the wings glow and pulse in time with the wingtip lights. Forward slats on conventional aircraft do not reflect light from nearby strobes. Why are the colors so different between the two media? Why do the two bright round lights in the center of each wing not show up very well on the time exposure, along with the other colored lights? Cornet presents evidence that these types of anomalous craft can project different images to cameras positioned next to one another.
Strange Experiential Craft
Sound Analysis
The sound produced by the boomerang-shaped aircraft resembles that of a conventional jetliner to the unaided ear. However, frequency spectral analysis reveals the very same types of characteristics noted for other anomalous craft caught on video and/or audio over the Pine Bush hotspot by Cornet between 1992 and 1997. The sound spectra are quite different from that of conventional aircraft jet engines in that there is little or no white noise as in typical jet engines,
Conclusions
The Pine Bush Boomerang has been reported by hundreds of people living in Orange and Ulster counties over the years. Ellen Crystal was one of the first people to report this type of craft in her book, Silent Invasion. The recording of a pilot asking the control tower to turn up the runway lights, and then thanking the tower implicates a human pilot and a possible military aircraft at a secret base nearby. It would be possible that this boomerang flew over us when another aircraft was on approach to Stewart. These aircraft may contain long range radar to pick up drug carrying or enemy aircraft.
She notes that boomerangs come in small and large varieties ( p. 115). The small one is described as being about 25 feet from tip to tip, while the large one is about 200 feet in perimeter. What we witnessed at the Owen dairy farm on 3 October 1997 matches her description of the larger craft.
The asymmetrical distribution of strobes and lights (for example, the large white central light is positioned slightly off to the starboard side of dead center, and the two red strobes are not in line with one another), as well as the blue-green color of the “green” starboard light, are characteristics of these anomalous craft.
Forexample, on 10 July 1992 the Manta Ray flew over Cornet on South Searsville Road., Montgomery, NY.
Cornet ran out of film. The Manta Ray stopped and hovered, waiting for Cornet to put in a new roll of film. The next pictures he got of the diamond-shaped craft flying overhead show multicolored asymmetrically-positioned lights. Either that or the craft was rotated at an angle.
The absence of white noise and the composite nature of the frequency spectrum for its engine sound indicate that the sound recorded is synthetic and not mechanical. Similar synthetic sounds have been recorded for other Pine Bush AOP/UAP.
The recording of a pilot asking the control tower to turn up the runway lights, and then thanking the tower for complying, strongly implicates a human pilot and a possible military aircraft landing at Stewart Air Force Base or a secret base nearby. It would be possible that this boomerang flew over us when another aircraft was on approach to Stewart. The request could be a legitimate request for runway lights for the boomerang base.
Bruce Tilden was stationed at Stewart Airport, photographing, and recording all the aircraft that landed and took off during the time of MUFON team made observations at the Owen dairy farm. He did not see any aircraft landing at the time the boomerang landed.
I personally talked to C-5 pilots at Stewart who had never seen a Boomerang craft anywhere. It would not be out of consideration that this boomerang intentionally flew over us when an aircraft was on approach to Stewart. The broadcast of a request to the control tower would be coincidental, giving the boomerang a great cover. Such timing has been a common ploy used in the past.
Boomerang
Note: Other airports such as Wallkill are also in the area with restricted entry to the public that may be used by the boomerang craft. There are no known experimental military craft with these attributes. Then it is possible these are alien craft using various techniques to disguise their operations. Two investigators spotting the boomerangs at night have red apparent burns on their faces. Sunburn is caused by UV radiation, either from the sun or from an artificial sources. Thanks to Bruce Cornet
UFOs From the Future
Jack Sarfattti writes, I had the same Kundalini experience in 1953 when the alleged conscious AI UFO from our future asked me to decide if I would join them or not. The conscious AI said I would meet Russell Targ et-al twenty years in the future which happened. Did not mention their names called them “the others.”
You must give us your decision now , link up with the others in 20 years
Remarkable group of coincidences is signature evidence of influences by the future Destiny Matrix advanced conscious intelligence. I had the same happen to me leading up to my 1973 meeting with Russell Targ, Hal Puthoff et-al at CIA’s SRI remote viewing project. I also met Michael Murphy went to Esalen with Russell Targ and others in January 1976. See David Kaiser’s “How the Hippies Saved Physics.”
Hal Puthoff , Jack Sarfati, and Kit Green at the Temple Gala Dinner in London, England Oct. 28, 2017
I have explained the physics of this as PQM EPR signaling from action reaction between the mental quantum Bohm pilot wave and the electric neuronal signals it pilots and which react on it. See Section 7 of
Russell Targ, a laser physicist, cofounded the remote viewing research program at SRI International. He is coauthor of Mind Reach, The Mind Race, Miracles of Mind, The Heart of the Mind, and The End of Suffering. He is author of Limitless Mind and The Reality of ESP: A Physicist’s Proof of Psychic Abilities. He is also coeditor of the anthology, Mind At Large. He also co-produced the documentary Third Eye Spies. Russell describes his own remote viewing experiences, starting as early as 1956. While conducting research at SRI International in 1974, when the remote viewer (Pat Price) failed to show up, Russell filled in and achieved an outstanding description of an airport target. He also describes an amazing series of coincidences that resulted in the first funding for the parapsychology research program at SRI (formerly known as the Stanford Research Institute). He describes the use of a “redundancy protocol” for financial forecasting.
New Thinking Allowed host, Jeffrey Mishlove, PhD, is author of The Roots of Consciousness, Psi Development Systems, and The PK Man. Between 1986 and 2002 he hosted and co-produced the original Thinking Allowed public television series. He is the recipient of the only doctoral diploma in “parapsychology” ever awarded by an accredited university (University of California, Berkeley, 1980). He is also the Grand Prize winner of the 2021 Bigelow Institute essay competition regarding the best evidence for survival of human consciousness after permanent bodily death. (Recorded on February 14, 2022) For a complete, updated list with links to all of our videos, see
On Mar 2, 2022, at 10:53 AM, d14947 <d14947@gmail.com> wrote: I’m listening to it closely. Is the Brain Analogous to a Quantum Measuring Apparatus?
Paavo Pylkka ̈nen∗ Department of Philosophy, History and Art Studies
University of Helsinki, Finland Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Philosophy
How does conscious experience arise?
It is interesting to consider Bohm and Hiley’s proposals in relation to the physicist Jack SARFATTI’ S suggestion that so called back-action plays a key role in how conscious experience arises in the context of the ontological interpretation. When describing this interpretation above I have emphasized the way the R, S coupled field, ψ(r, t), which satisfies the c influences the particle through the quantum potential. But if the field influences the particle, might not the particle influence or “act back” upon the field? The law of action and reaction is one of the basic principles of physics. Indeed, Bohm himself considers the possibility of a kind of back-action (a dependence of the ψ -field on the actual location of the particle in very short distances and very short times) in his interpretation already in his 1952 “hidden variables” papers (1952: 171; 179) and Bohm and Hiley discuss it briefly in The Undivided Universe (1993: 345-6). They emphasize that the way the quantum field affects the particle must not be seen as an external force, but rather as much more subtle influence, which we have described as in-forming. If there is a back-action from the particle to the field, could it also be a more subtle kind of influence? Sarfatti’ s fascinating suggestion is that conscious qualia arise in some circumstances, where matter acts back on the quantum field: “Our basic ansatz to solve the hard problem is that ‘active quantum information’ .. physical waves are intrinsically mental. Qualia are excitations in them directly imprinted by the back-reaction of the classical material beables…” (Sarfatti and Shimansky 2018).
Everything is a vibration or wave that aliens seem to control
This condensed proposal has two parts. On the one hand there is the assumption that active quantum information physical waves are intrinsically mental. The back-action then makes such intrinsically mental waves conscious. Thus this proposal thus tells us both what it is in the world that is intrinsically mental and what it is that makes such intrinsically mental states conscious in some situations.1 In another context Sarfatti speaks about “conscious ‘qualia’ as the impressions on the macro-quantum coherent pilot waves by their classical electromagnetic signal sensory inputs.”2 Macro-quantum coherence here refers to Fr ̈ohlich’s (1968) suggestion that there should be vibrational effects within active cells, as a result of a biological quantum coherence phenomenon. These effects are supposed to arise from the existence of a large energy of metabolic drive and should not need a low temperature (Penrose 1994: 352).3
Sarfatti’s proposal fits into the scheme of soma-significance in the sense that he provides one suggestion about how consciousness arises. Such suggest- tions are hard to come by in consciousness studies. The currently prominent proposals (e.g. integrated information theory (Tononi et al. 2016), higher- order theories (Rosenthal 1997; Gennaro 2012), global workspace theories (Baars 2017) etc.) each have their appeal but also difficulties. Sarfatti puts the origin of consciousness to a fundamental level of nature, some- what similar to David Chalmers’s double-aspect theory of information and related pan(proto)psychist schemes (Chalmers 1995, 1996, 2015, 2020 a and b; Skribna 2015; see also Pylkka ̈nen 2020; Hiley and Pylkka ̈nen, submitted).
More precisely, Sarfatti and Shimansky refer to the waves as “Bohm-Aharonov advanced destiny and retarded history physical waves.” Sarfatti’s “post-quantum mechanics” (PQM) makes use of Roderick Sutherland’s Lagrangian formalism which describes Bohm’s formalism within Yakir Aharonov’s locally retrocausal weak measurement frame- work. While Sarfatti’s PQM opens up some radical possibilities, I will not consider all of them here, but focus on the idea that mental states are macro-coherent quantum fields and conscious qualia are the effects of back-action upon these fields.
SpaceX’s Star link Satellites Providing Intelligence in Ukrane War
SpaceX’s Starlink
Ukraine will receive another batch of SpaceX’s Starlink satellite systems next week, President Volodymyr Zelensky confirmed in a tweet early Sunday morning local time after speaking with Elon Musk.
Zelensky tweeted that he had spoken to Musk and that he is “grateful to him for supporting Ukraine with words and deeds.” Apparently the U.S. Administration was afraid to supply satellite intelligence to Ukraine.
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Filer’s Files March 14 2022 - Pine Bush Boomerang Investigation - PART II
Ehrenburg, Arizona on February 28, 2022
Filer’s Files March 14 2022 - Pine Bush Boomerang Investigation - PART II
Major George A. Filer III ret. USAF
New Jersey State Director
MUFON Eastern Region Director
Www.nationalUFOcenter.com.
Special reports are: Pine Bush Boomerang Investigation, UFOs From the Future, SpaceX’s Star link satellites Providing Intelligence to Ukraine,
Ukraine War Supply and Reconnaissance, Carbon 60. And Strange Craft.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Arizona, California, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, New Jersey, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Washington
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Australia, , Canada, France, Mexico, and England in the United Kingdom.
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force and DOD investigated UFOs for more than forty years; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFOs are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
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Ukraine War Supply and Recce
Ukraine War Map as of March 15, 2022 after 20 days
Ukraine War Map as of March 15, 2022 after 20 days of invasion
Russia captures several Southern Ukraine cities and toe nuclear power plants. The advance toward Kyiv I s ten miles away and shelling and bombing continues The Russian military has been hampered by logistical issues, notably the 40-mile-long convoy stalled on its way from the Belarus border to Kyiv have now been able to disperse partially around Kyiv.
Senator. Ted Cruz, R-Texas, says the U.S. can provide “offensive weaponry” and unleash American energy to help Ukraine win the war against Russia. Biden’s move to ban on drilling in government lands and water is devastating. Congress sent a $200 million security assistant package to Biden as Russia massed forces around Ukraine in 2021. However. just liket the failure of the Obama Administration Biden delayed the actual delivery of the assistance for several months and delayed sending Stinger anti-aircraft missiles until actual Russian invasion and bombing of schools and hospitals On Wednesday, Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas, says the U.S. can provide “offensive weaponry” and unleash American energy to help Ukraine win the war against Russia..In Bide’s first days in office he killed the Keystone XL Pipeline laying off thousands and by now 200,000 barrels of oil per day would be flowing. Phase III has capacity to deliver up to 700,000 barrels (110,000 m3) per day to the Texas refineries bringing lower gasoline prices
NATO said in a news release here that allied air transport aircraft working alongside charter aircraft have been moving Allied troops from across the Euro-Atlantic area towards their new locations in Eastern Europe. “This augments NATO’s presence in the region enhancing the speed, responsiveness and flexibility of the Alliance’s defence.”
According to NATO, These moves contribute to around 22,000 Allied land forces which are now under NATO command and control. Many of these forces are already deployed along the eastern flank of the Alliance, including: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria. Having forces in these eight nations under Supreme Allied Commander Europe’s command ensures “a robust and integrated British transport aircraft are now in their third day of delivering “thousands” of anti-tank weapons to Ukraine in the face of a massive build-up of Russian troops.
Third day of British weapon flights to Ukraine are delivering “thousands” of anti-tank weapons to Ukraine in the face of a massive build-up of Russian troops. British C-17s flew in loaded h on Februarys, 17 to 19th, 2022.
NATO strategic and tactical air transport aircraft including C-17s, C-5s, A330 MRTTs and C-130s from multiple nations have been busy moving units from the NATO Response Force along with national contributions to locations across NATO’s Eastern Flank.
Javelin anti tank Weapons
Britain has went 2000 weapons to Ukraine., ,” Lieutenant General Pascal Delerce, Deputy Commander, Allied Air Command. said
“These movements underscore the Alliance’s cohesion and readiness to ensure the security of all member States,”he added.#NATOpic.twitter.com/8y9tqkpiej
The State Department has approved requests from Estonia, Latvia ,and Lithuania to transfer U.S.-made weaponry to Ukraine, reflecting a growing urgency on NATO’s eastern periphery to deter Russian aggression.
Why it matters: As much as the Ukrainian military has improved since 2014, it would still be no match for a full-scale Russian invasion. The U.S. and its allies are instead hoping that Western arms and training — in addition to the threat of crippling financial sanctions — will help deter Vladimir Putin from invading.
The big picture: The U.S. has provided over $400 million in security assistance to Ukraine over the past year.
The Ukrainian government and Congress want the U.S. to do more: Republicans and Democrats are both pushing to expedite up to $500 million in security assistance, including a bill introduced today that would initiate a “lend-lease” agreement for Ukraine.
Stinger air-defense missiles
The Baltic states, which have much to lose from renewed Russian aggression, will send Javelin anti-tank missiles and Stinger air-defense missiles,
Meanwhile, the U.K. has airlifted over 2,000 anti-tank missile launchers to Ukraine this week dispatched an elite special operations group to train Ukrainian ground forces.
Turkey agreed to a military cooperation framework with Ukraine last fall, and infuriated Russia by selling Kyiv Bayraktar TB2 drones.
Bayraktar TB2 Drone firing MAM-L Misstle
Canada, which has the third-largest population of Ukrainians outside of Ukraine and Russia, is sending defensive weapons.
Germany was the world’s fourth-largest arms exporter over the past four years first sent 5000 helmets and is now sending lethal weaponry to Ukraine .
There are currently a considerable number of British and American surveillance aircraft in the air over and around Ukraine.
One British UK RC-135W Rivet Joint, one American RC-135W Rivet Joint, one Global Hawk drone and a NATO E-3 AWACS aircraft are currently in the air around Ukrain.
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson announced an extra package of military support to Ukraine, including lethal aid. Surveillance aircraft being over the area isn’t unusual but we are seeing a significant increase in the frequency of the flights. According to the Royal Air Force website,
British RC-135 taking off from RAF Waddington.
The RC-135W Rivet Joint is a dedicated electronic surveillance aircraft with sensors that ‘soak up’ electronic emissions from communications, radar, and other systems.
“Weapons System Officer (WSO) and Weapons System Operator (WSOp) specialists whose mission is to survey elements of the electromagnetic spectrum in order to derive intelligence for commanders.” The UK operates three of these aircraft.
E-3 Sentry
The E-3 Sentry is an airborne warning and control system, or AWACS, aircraft with an integrated command and control battle management, or C2BM, surveillance, target detection, and tracking platform.
The aircraft provides an accurate, real-time picture of the battlespace to the Joint Air Operations Center. NATO also provides an E-3 Sentry.
“AWACS provides situational awareness of friendly, neutral and hostile activity, command and control of an area of responsibility, battle management of theatre forces, all-altitud, , and early warning of enemy actions during joint, allied, and coalition operations.”
The RQ-4 Global Hawk unmanned aircraft is “the premier provider of persistent intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance information”.
Able to fly at high altitudes for greater than 30 hours, Global Hawk is designed to gather near-real-time, high-resolution imagery of large areas of land in all types of weather – day or night. RQ-4 Global Hawk has an integrated sensor suite that provides global all-weather, day or night intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) capability. The Global Hawk provides persistent near-real-time coverage using imagery intelligence (IMINT), signals intelligence (SIGINT) and moving target indicator (MTI) sensors.
Admiral Sir Tony Radakin,
Britain’s Chief of the Defence Staff says that it is not ‘inevitable’ that Russia will defeat Ukraine. Asked on BBC News recently whether Russia winning was ‘inevitable’ Admiral Sir Tony Radakin, Chief of the Defence Staff, said:
“No. I think we’ve seen a Russian invasion that is not going well. I think we’re also seeing remarkable resistance by Ukraine, both its armed forces and its people and we’re seeing the unity of the whole globe coming together, applying pressure to Russia.
‘Russia is suffering, Russia is an isolated power. It is less powerful than it was ten days ago. Some of the lead elements of Russian forces have been decimated by the Ukrainian response. You’ve also seen basic failures in terms of maintenance and their kit failing. Russia hasn’t operated at this scale since the Second World War and it is incredibly complex and difficult.”
Strange Craft
The True Story of an Air Force Intelligence Officer’s Life with UFOs
U.S. Air Force Major George Filer belongs to the generation of pilots and aviators who first became aware of the strange aircraft showing up in the Earth’s atmosphere after World War II. These men – military professionals who flew planes, served as radar operators and air traffic controllers at airfields around the world – began to whisper amongst themselves about encounters with suspected extraterrestrial aircraft.
During secret debriefings at U.S. bases, pilots and air crew told their commanders of seeing UFOs off their plane’s wings. Award-winning investigative author John Guerra spent four years interviewing Filer, a decorated intelligence officer.
From objects in the skies over Cold War Europe to a UFOs over during the Cuban Missile Crisis to lights over the DMZ in Vietnam Filer leaves nothing out about his Air Force UFO encounters,
Filer’s most memorable case – the shooting of an alien at Fort Dix Army Base in 1978 – is fully recounted for the first time in this book. As a member of the Disclosure Project, military experts, astronauts, and scientists urge the U.S. government to release all it knows about UFOs to the public.
Filer describes his UFO encounters in this incredible book, by John L. Guerra.
Ehrenburg on February 28, 2022, I didn’t even see it. I was in the Lower Colorado River Valley taking photos, Doing my best, of the geoglyph that I was near. I didn’t view my photos until later I captured some sort of anomaly. It is weirdly pixelated and looks like an object traveling at great speed.
California Object
Playa Del Rey on February 27, 2022, at 1215pm , 2 navy f18’s were chasing a small uap orb for 45 minutes in covina California. i have the video of the jets and uap orbs. jets were at 6000 feet an dorb was at 100 feet.
Connecticut Drawing
North Grosvenordale– on December 13,, 2021, I grew up in a ranch style house across from a 12 acre beef cow farm with a memory better than most people. I was 8 years old. On this particular night, I was sitting up in bed, between 8:30 to 9:30pm looking out of my bedroom window and saw a saucer shaped object hovering awfully close. It was about 75 feet away about 35 feet high trying to look at me. I watched for 2 minutes a saucer with modern design. It was silent and the size of a a plane. It was like chrome with a glow around it turning invisible cloaking itself. I was shaken, and felt hypnotized and time had slowed. Note: Abduction.
Florida Objects
Port Orangeon March 9, 2022, I was taking pictures of the property border when I downloaded the pics to my computer, I first noticed an oval/hexagonal object in the top right of the picture. It “hole” that seems to match the objects shape perfectly. Seeing as how they match up is what has me curious!
Georgia Light
Cumming on January 1, 2022, there are only the photos to explain what I saw.. I have photographed 4-5 different objects at different times from my house.
Illinois Light
Chicago. on March 10, 2022, my son works at O’Hare Airport e and has an Instagram account that he posts images. He was downloading pictures when he saw a metallic object below an Alaska jet’s nose. He showed to employees who told him, things are seen all the time.
Michigan Light
Monroe on March 8, 2022, UFO hovered at 30,000 feet over Fermi Nuclear Power Plant for over an hour at 6:00 am.. It was still there when I had to continue my route. There was one center light and a long light on both sides.
Note: A check of astronomical charts shows no bright planets or moon were visible. Thanks to Will Pucket/www.ufosnw.com/newsite/
Missouri Tic Tac
Independence on February 28, 2022, I was on my deck when I noticed a red light in the northeast. I saw a grey metallic looking craft in the shape of a Tic Tac with a single bright white light at the front and a series of multiple red lights on the side that flashed off and on.. There were at least 20 red lights in this shape. The silent craft was extremely low, perhaps 650 feet with a jet was chasing it.
Montana Lights
Deer Lodge on March 6, 2022, at 8:30P, I noted 8 bright yellow lights in a V shape in the sky below the Big Dipper. I’m a nurse, and took I Pad photos and videos of 3 orbs ascended from the NE, while a few orbs disappeared from site. I missed the V shaped bright yellow lights that was close enough to make me question if I was actually seeing what
Oklahoma Lights
Miamion March 3, 2022, I was playing with my new Samsung 22 -Ultra cameras. I didn’t even see it till I started playing with the zoom. They were moving slowly north in the Eastern sky just prior to sunrise.
Pennsylvania Metal Object
Gettysburg,– September 23, 2021, I have been trying to get my pictures out. I have collections of numerous pictures and video and this has been going on for over a year. The photo is near the turnpike. Nobody else sees this; there is a little tiny aircraft sitting in the grass.
Note:The witness sent many photos from different dates but only one photo shows anything unusual. The object in the photo could have a conventional explanation, but I doubt if the object is a flying aircraft. It appears to be some sort of trailer. Thanks to Will Pucket/www.ufosnw.com/newsite/
Texas Light
Houston on March 6, 2022, fireball was above the tree line, intermittent sounds heard when UFO would illuminate a portion of the sky. Two prior active duty military witnessed this significant light on camera but not by eye.
Cannon November 10, 2017, was in my back yard when I spotted a plane with 3 glowing objects kind of leading the way. This was observed until out of site. My phone and said it was a B1 Bomber?
Washington Lights
Olympia,– May 16, 2021, I went outside my ranch and saw this light moving around. I ran upstairs, got my phone, and started videoing at 9:28 PM.
+Note:Enhancements of the video have shown that the object was reddish, blinking, and circular. The report has been classified as unidentified given available information. Thanks to Will Pucket/www.ufosnw.com/newsite/
Worldwide UFO Sightings
Australia Lights
Citchesters, on March 10, 2022, unusual shaped object seen in night sky.
Canada Light
Toronto on February 28, 2022, I don’t know what it is. It’s a line in the sky that would appear to be like a chemical trail but I’ve been watching it for 30 minutes and it hasn’t changed at all. It remain vertically aligned and unmoving. Light on left.
France Lights
Mulhouse rebberg on March 13, 2022, I just made this observation this Sunday evening of two orange balls that moved from the east to the southeast at a slow pace without flashing. I immediately check flight radar, there is no traffic.
Mexico Object
Cancun on February 3, 2022, was on vacation with my girlfriend, we were getting ready for dinner on the balcony. When I looked up and saw 4 silent UFOs, moving slow together heading down the coast. I called my girlfriend and she saw them all too. They would hover then keep going slowly. Then randomly 2 of them move backwards at instantaneous speed. Some seen coordinated by intelligence and disappear and reappear. Something I will never forget.
UK/England Light
Kent on July 7, 2021, In the summer of 2020 early in the morning around 4 am I was letting my dog out. While I was standing by the back door I noticed a strange. orange light approaching fast towards me. I grabbed my phone and took a picture as this thing exhilarated fast leaving an orange glow in the sky. It was amazing I feel blessed and overwhelmed by the whole experience.
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Filer’s Files salutes our fighting men and women Georgie Filer and Eddie Pedrick my grandsons who both drowned. These files could not be published without the help of my beloved wife who cooks, cleans, washes, etc, and manages the finances. We pray that God will bless those who read these files spiritually.
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UFO Secrets at Wright Patterson Airforce Base - A Whistleblower Speaks Out!
UFO Secrets at Wright Patterson Airforce Base - A Whistleblower Speaks Out!
UFO Secrets at Wright Patterson Airforce Base – A Whistleblower Speaks Out!
“Carey and Schmitt show that good, old-fashioned investigative reporting is still alive and well.” —Cheryll Jones, former anchor, CNN News The true nature of what actually crashed in Roswell, New Mexico, in 1947 remains classified. Only a select few have ever had access to the truth about what became known as Area 51. But what happened to the remnants of that crash is shrouded in even greater mystery. What began in the high desert of New Mexico ended at Wright-Patterson, an ultra-top-secret Air Force base in Dayton, Ohio.
The physical evidence of extraterrestrial visitation was buried deep within this nuclear stronghold. How tragic that such seismic news should be kept from the people of the world. . . pieces of history, now quickly dwindling into oblivion as the last of the secret-keepers passes on. In addition to its rich history of military service to our nation, Wright-Patterson also stands as the secret tomb of one of the greatest occurrences in recorded history. Be prepared. . . the real Area 51—Wright-Patterson‘s vault—is about to be opened. UFO Secrets Inside Wright-Patterson is a thoroughly researched work that includes:
New eyewitness accounts from the late Leonard Stringfield’s files about the crash retrieval evidence stored at Wright-Patterson New testimonies from the late Emmy-award-winning TV reporter Carl Day concerning physical evidence of crashed UFOs stored in underground facilities at Wright-Patterson Newly discovered Project Blue Book files from Wright-Patterson including photos and Air Force investigations of UFOs.
Israeli Drone and Robotics Companies Team to Introduce a Flying EOD Robot
Israeli Drone and Robotics Companies Team to Introduce a Flying EOD Robot
Heven Drones, a fast-growing Israeli drone technology company, has unveiled at ISDEF 2022 an integrated robotic solution combining an aerial multirotor and unmanned ground vehicle for land and air operation. Heven Drones and Roboteam, an Israeli tactical ground robotic systems provider, jointly developed the solution. The companies began working on the project responding to a specific requirement for defense and homeland security applications raised by a customer. They are now exploring additional use cases for land and air robots to maximize efficiency in other applications.
According to Bentzion Levinson, Heven Drone’s CEO, the new ‘flying robot’ can complete various tasks in the air and on the ground. “Our collaboration with Roboteam brings our vision one step closer with land and aerial robots working together to create a fully operational product that can complete tasks from the ground and the air.”
“This collaboration allows for one unmanned aerial & ground complete system for delivering a significant payload to the battlefield with Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) capabilities.” Matan Shirvi, Roboteam’s COO, said. “You can fly when you want to fly, drive when you want to drive, with one controller, one software, and one radio – a single interface for maximizing the operational range in the most difficult environments and complex terrains.”
The drone is fitted with a 30kg kit for this application that includes the MTGR, robot attachments, ramp, and toolbox supporting the MTGR. Photo: Defense-Update
The aerial platform selected for the combined solution uses Heven-Drones’ H100 Robo drone, a 71 kg Maximum takeoff weight drone that lifts a weight up to 30 kg for 36 minutes over a distance of 10 km. In its flying robot configuration, Roboteam’s Micro Tactical Ground Robot (MTGR) mounts the H-100 to hop over obstacles to land on rooftops or rapidly deploy to a location where it performs its mission. For this application, the drone is fitted with a 30kg kit that includes the MTGR, robot attachments, ramp, and toolbox supporting the MTGR, resulting in a first of a kind ‘flying robot’ that can be used which maximizes the time-to-lift capabilities of ground robots and flying robots.
In its flying robot configuration, Roboteam’s Micro Tactical Ground Robot (MTGR) can hop over obstacles to land on rooftops or rapidly deploy to a location where it performs its mission. Photo: Heven Drones
Heven Drones is an innovative drone solutions company that focuses on creating and commercializing multipurpose next-generation drone systems. Using proprietary technologies, the company makes fully customizable drones with superior stability, lifting capacities, and flight endurance. Founded in 2019 in Israel, Heven Drones rapidly expands into the global drone market.
Roboteam designs, develop, and manufactures cutting-edge, user-oriented, multipurpose unmanned platforms and controllers for Defense, Law Enforcement, and Public Safety missions. Their team includes dozens of highly experienced engineers dedicated to creating units that provide complete operational and tactical control, overall mission management, and enhanced force coordination.
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Israeli Drone and Robotics Companies Team to Introduce a Flying EOD Robot
Israeli Drone and Robotics Companies Team to Introduce a Flying EOD Robot
Defense-Update reports:
Heven Drones, a fast-growing Israeli drone technology company, has unveiled at ISDEF 2022 an integrated robotic solution combining an aerial multirotor and unmanned ground vehicle for land and air operation. The solution was jointly developed by Heven Drones and Roboteam, an Israeli tactical ground robotic systems provider. The companies began working on the project responding to a specific requirement for defense and homeland security applications raised by a customer. They are now exploring additional use cases for land and air robots to maximize efficiency in other applications.
Defense-Update.com provides a global coverage of military technology and defense news. Its monthly readership includes over 300,000 professionals worldwide
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Tall White Aliens - What Are They Doing Here on Planet Earth? Q & A With Charles J. Hall
Tall White Aliens - What Are They Doing Here on Planet Earth? Q & A With Charles J. Hall
Tall White Aliens – What AreThey Doing Here on Planet Earth? Q & A with Charles J. Hall
COAST TO COAT AM 2022 – Courtesy of Reality Films Distribution: Charles James Hall shares his experiences while serving at Nellis Air Force Base. Charles Hall gave astonishing testimony of having met with ‘Tall White’ extraterrestrials located at a secret underground facility at Nellis.
Here we go again with another popular science fiction convention potentially becoming a reality – only this time, it’s a big one. A new paper proposes that there exists an “anti-universe” which began at the Big Band and is a place where time run backwards, dark matter is different, particles are oppositely charged and Bizarro is the good Superman. OK, we’re not sure about the last one, but could the rest be true?
Time running backwards?
“The universe before the bang and the universe after the bang may be viewed as a universe/anti-universe pair, emerging directly into the hot, radiation-dominated era we observe in our past. This, in turn, leads to a remarkably economical explanation of the cosmological dark matter.”
Proving that is the goal of the physicists who authored “The Big Bang, CPT, and neutrino dark matter,” soon to be published in the journal Annals of Physics (pre-published on arxiv.org). It’s a concept far above this writer’s pay grade, but Live Science does a good job of simplifying the paper. Let’s see if we can bring it down one more notch to where we hang out. “CPT” are charge (C), parity (P) and time (T) – the three most important fundamental symmetries in nature. According to physicists, these three symmetries operate exactly the same in a mirror image state. In the paper, Latham Boyle, Kieran Finn and Neil Turok propose extending this symmetry from interactions between forces and fields to the entire universe. If that’s the case, then there should exist a mirror universe where everything is the opposite – including time running backwards — yet works the same.
Mind blown? Let’s go back down to particles. The universe has three known types of neutrinos (extremely high-energy, low-density subatomic particles similar to electrons but without a positive nor negative charge) — the electron-neutrino, muon-neutrino and tau-neutrino — which all spin only to the left. This sets them apart form all other known particles which can spin to the right or the left. In a universe with CPT-symmetry, there would need to be right-spinning neutrinos. And, according to the paper, invisible right-spinning (or right-handed) neutrinos are what dark matter is probably made of.
Which one is the anti-universe?
Still with us? Hoping you can travel to the anti-universe and meet your mirror image running backwards in time? Or Bizarro Superman? Unfortunately, the anti-universe existed before the Big Bang. If you’re disappointed, it’s worse for physicist depending on a fast-expanding (inflation) early universe for proof of theories – especially those looking the first (primordial) gravitational waves. In a CPT-symmetric universe, those waves don’t exist. Unfortunately, this can only be proven by not finding them.
Which is probably the same thing that will happen when we search for our mirror selves. And that’s probably a good thing – our real selves don’t look so hot to begin with.
UFO The Size Of Earth Near Sun, March 20, 2022, Photos, UFO Sighting News.
UFO The Size Of Earth Near Sun, March 20, 2022, Photos, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: March 20, 2022, 13:06
Location of sighting:Earths Sun
Source: NASA/SOHO sun photos
I found this last night and thought the objects shape was similar to what I expect some alien ships to look like. The object is a six sided cubic shaped craft. It's also very big, about 1.25 the size of Earth. Now I'm confident that NASA has already seen this object, because its just massive in size. How could they not? But there is no way that NASA would ever talk about it. NASA is already neck deep in a web of lies since its creation. NASA knows if they talk about this UFO, they will be forced to lie about it being something else. Oh, and the creation of NASA was made not to inform the public of discoveries in space, but to keep the public believing that they were looking for new scientific discoveries, when they already found intelligent life out there.
What is the chance that nearly identical objects fly past the sun following the same trajectory? It seems unlikely but it happened in 2019 and in 2022 again.
On 2019-10-14 a sun satellite captured a UFO passing the sun, then three years later on 2022-03-14, another sun satellite captured a similar UFO at the same spot next to the sun. That can't be a coincidence!
Furthermore, on 2021-12-17 NASA's satellite SDO AIA171 captured a cylinder-shaped UFO leaving the sun's surface at a tremendous speed, now, on 2022-03-02 NASA's satellite Proba 2 captured another UFO leaving the sun's surface at high speed.
It is not known why these alien craft come so close to the surface of the sun but it shows us that the aliens are using a technology so advanced that their ships may also withstand the heat of the sun.
As Russia is continuing its killing spree and attack in Ukraine, CBN News' Ukraine Director Kostyantine Lytvynenko has claimed that a UFO which appeared from nowhere unleashed an attack on Russian tanks.
Ukrainians prayed and UFO appeared
Lytvynenko made these claims while talking on the channel's The Global Lane program. According to Lytvynenko, one young man called his father over the phone as Russian troops neared him with deadly weapons.
Representational ImagePIXABAY
The father apparently prayed to God to protect people belonging to his church, and the helping hand came from the outside world.
According to Lytvynenko, a UFO appeared from nowhere, and it launched a lightning attack on Russian forces and set ablaze a military tank, Daily Star reports.
Alien debate on
Even though an official confirmation is yet to be made, netizens have warmly welcomed the claims, and they believe that these events are solid proof of alien existence on earth.
Earlier, several self-styled alien hunters including Scott C Waring had claimed that aliens have been visiting the earth for hundreds of thousands of years to monitor human activities. Aliens are refraining humans from engaging in a nuclear war, and they used to proclaim their presence during the time of natural disasters and wars, Waring once wrote on his website.
A few months back, Haim Eshed, a former Israeli space security chief had also claimed that extraterrestrial existence on earth is real. Eshed also made it clear that world powers like the United States and Israel are working closely with an advanced alien species.
Landlocked Bermuda Triangle: The Mexican Zone of Silence
Landlocked Bermuda Triangle: The Mexican Zone of Silence
Of all the sites that are unexplained, the Bermuda Triangle is usually the first one that comes to mind. Located in the Caribbean, it is renowned for the ships and radio signals that have disappeared without explanation in recent years. Yet, there is another, perhaps lesser known region in which the inexplicable occurs. This location is often referred to quite simply as Mexico's Zone of Silence.
A Land Were Radio Signals Die
Located in the Chihuahuan Desert (not titled such for an unexplained number of dogs), Mexico's Zone of Silence is precisely what it sounds like: a pocket of land in which radio signals die, preventing communication to and from the area, and directionality loses all meaning. According to reports from visitors of the area, which is also known as the Mapimí Silent Zone, if one brings a compass as a backup tool, that person is out of luck—the arrow of the compass will spin uncontrollably, confusing all sense of direction. Consider the spinning compass from Disney's Pocahontas…just without the sage old Grandmother Willow to decipher the compass' meaning.
One of the most prominent investigators of the Zone is a man called Benjamin Palacios, known for his somewhat touristy home and the tours of the Zone he provides to visitors to the region. However, it seems that the mysteries of this site were not always known.
Rumors abound that the Mexican government hid the unexplained occurrences, possibly evidenced by the lack of tourist sites, hotels, etc. nearby the desert. Supposedly the site was only exposed to the public as unusual when an American missile mistakenly crashed in the Zone of Silence. While retrieving the missile, United States agents were exposed to the unexplained.
Supposedly the site was only exposed to the public as unusual when an American Athena RTV test rocket mistakenly crashed in the Zone of Silence.
An article regarding the statement from the US government claims that,
"On July 11, 1970, the United States Air Force launched an ATHENA V-123-D rocket from Green River Launch Complex in Utah. While its intended target was the White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico, it impacted '180-200 miles south of the Mexican border,' according to a recently released memorandum sent from the desk of Henry Kissinger, then serving as National Security Advisor to President Nixon."
It appears, if this quote is accurate, that a technological error revealed the Zone of Silence as an unexplained, possibly alien, site.
As is the case with most locations described as unexplained, "research" is ongoing to determine what other factors might be playing a role in the strange activity of the site. Reports of plant and animal investigations are plentiful, as well as an examination of the geological make-up of the region.
Zona del Silencio (Zone of Silence) landscape in Mexico.
And, of course, as with all locations in which the words "unexplained" or "inexplicable" are attached to their names, rumors of alien investigations are equally extensive.
It appears that numerous people have reported UFOs in the region, strange lights, and burning bushes, not unlike those described anywhere near Roswell, New Mexico or Area 51. It is also intriguing for theorists to point out the Zone of Silence falls on the same coordinates as the Bermuda Triangle, itself only recently (likely) explained.
Yet, aside from the numerous theories of UFO and alien influence in the Zone's fifty-kilometer (31-mile) radius, the unexplained occurrences might, in fact, have explanations. Scientists have discovered underground deposits of meteorite debris called magnetite. Essentially, magnetics beneath the surface of the desert are what disrupt radio waves and the metal arrow of compasses.
This theory further explains the enigmatic site when one realizes that meteorites striking the Chihuahuan Desert were not uncommon in the 1900s; three have been reported striking the desert between 1938 and 1969. Those that prefer the theory of aliens likely do not hold much stock in the meteorite claims. Perhaps these people prefer to insist on a government cover-up, or an extraterrestrial trick.
Regardless, it appears that the Zone of Silence remains among the list of the unexplained, more than likely because it is far more beneficial for tourist revenue than the title "the Zone of the not-so-unexplained Silence."
Top Image:The Mexican Zone of Silence (Zona del Silencio).
Wondering how Dependant ISS is on Russia? NASA Gives the Details
Wondering how Dependant ISS is on Russia? NASA Gives the Details
The Russian invasion of Ukraine has been dominating the news cycle lately. Amid tragic stories about rocket strikes, stalled offensives, and possible motives and outcomes, there’s been an ongoing “war of words” on social media. In particular,Dmitry Rogozin, the Director-General of the Russian State Space Corporation (Roscosmos), has been issuing thinly-veiled threats that Russia might be terminating its cooperation in space.
This included a video posted on Telegram by the state-controlled Russian news agency RIA Novosti that shows the Russian modules detaching from the International Space Station (ISS). In response to all the threats and hyperbole, NASA decided to host an FAQ session where they posted commonly-asked questions about the ISS. In what is eerily reminiscent of what happened in 2014, NASA let the world know that the ISS is still going strong and won’t be decommissioned anytime soon!
While the FAQ session does not address statements made by Rogozin directly, it tacitly acknowledges and answers them strategically. For example, NASA addressed the nature of the ISS partnership, which nations are involved*, how astronauts will continue to fly to the ISS if one space agency no longer provides launch services, and the plan for decommissioning the station.
*Member states include NASA, Roscosmos, the European Space Agency (ESA), the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA).
Russian gov’t-controlled RIA Novosti @rianru posted a video on Telegram made by @Roscosmos where cosmonauts say goodbye to Mark Vande Hei on #ISS, depart, and then the Russian segment detaches from the rest of ISS. @Rogozin is clearly threatening the ISS program. #NASA#Ukrainepic.twitter.com/fj2coK1xR1
First and foremost, they stress that one cannot simply disassemble the ISS by detaching its modules. This was a direct challenge to the video posted by RIA Novosti and the way it depicted cosmonauts sealing their modules and leaving like it was no big deal. Says NASA:
“The space station was not designed to be disassembled, and current interdependencies between each segment of the station prevent the U.S. Orbital Segment and Russian Segment from operating independently. Attempts to detach the U.S. Orbital Segment and the Russian Segment would encounter major logistical and safety challenges given the multitude of external and internal connections, the need to control spacecraft attitude and altitude, and software interdependency.”
They then provide a seven-point list detailing how operations are interdependent and who provides what. This includes propulsion and attitude control (Roscosmos), altitude control and orientation (NASA), thrusters and propellant (Roscosmos), solar power (NASA), satellite communications and data transfer between Earth and the station (NASA), life support (both), and mission control (both).
Then there’s the issue of getting to and from the ISS, which they admit is not presently doable. “Each astronaut has custom hardware including a launch and entry suit or a seat liner that is not interchangeable between different models of spacecraft,” they write, adding that transferring from one spacecraft to another would “require a different launch and entry suit that is custom fitted and created on the ground.”
The issue of transportation has been a sore point ever since 2011 when the Space Shuttle’s retirement forced NASA and its partners to rely upon Roscosmos to provide launch services. When Russian forces annexed Crimea in 2014, this dependency became a bone of contention. In response to the U.S. declaring sanctions, Dmitry Rogozin (then-deputy Prime Minister to Dmitry Medvedev) chimed in on Twitter to mock the U.S. and NASA.
“After analyzing the sanctions against our space industry, I suggest to the USA to bring their astronauts to the International Space Station using a trampoline,” he wrote. Musk responded shortly thereafter, tweeting: “Sounds like this might be a good time to unveil the new Dragon Mk 2 spaceship that @SpaceX has been working on w @NASA. No trampoline needed.”
Oh, how history repeats itself! On March 3rd, shortly after President Biden announced new sanctions against Russia, Rogozin took to state television to say that Roscosmos was halting the sale of rocket engines to the U.S. “In a situation like this, we can’t supply the United States with our world’s best rocket engines,” he said. “Let them fly on something else, their broomsticks, I don’t know what.”
NASA Administrator Bill Nelson responded to The Associated Press, stressing that cooperation between NASA and Roscosmos’ was not in jeopardy, regardless of Rogozin’s statements. “That’s just Dmitry Rogozin. He spouts off every now and then. But at the end of the day, he’s worked with us,” he said. “The other people that work in the Russian civilian space program, they’re professional. They don’t miss a beat with us, American astronauts, and American mission control.”
Alas, Musk took to Twitter once again to respond. On March 3rd, he shared a video of SpaceX launching its latest batch of Starlink satellites, followed by the words “American Broomstick” and four U.S. flags. Was this perhaps a reminder that NASA and SpaceX restored domestic launch capability to U.S. soil in 2020 using the Falcon 9and Crew Dragoncapsule?
Regardless, the issue of steering and control is also raised in the NASA FAQ session. This is especially important, as it addresses the statement made by Rogozin about how – without the Russian modules steering it – the ISS would “fall” on the U.S., Europe, India, or China (basically, anywhere but Russia). First, they addressed what parts of Earth the station fly over:
“The International Space Station orbits with an inclination of 51.6 degrees. This means that, as it orbits, the farthest north and south of the Equator it will ever go is 51.6 degrees latitude.” They state. They also offer links to the orbit Tutorial page (so people can see precisely how the ISS orbits Earth) and the Spot The Station page, where sighting opportunities can be found.
In another question, the NASA FAQ addresses which space agency provides propulsion and explains how steerage is dependent on more than just the Russian modules:
“All International Space Station propulsion is provided by the Russian Segment and Russian cargo spacecraft. Propulsion is used for station reboost, attitude control, debris avoidance maneuvers and eventual deorbit operations are handled by the Russian Segment and Progress cargo craft. The U.S. gyroscopes provide day-to-day attitude control or controlling the orientation of the station. Russian thrusters are used for attitude control during dynamic events like spacecraft dockings and provide attitude control recovery when the gyroscopes reach their control limits.”
However, they remind us the ISS program has been in continuous operation for 21 years, thanks to ongoing cooperation between its international partners. They further point out that NASA has agreed to extend the life of the ISS through 2028 and that “NASA’s space agency partners have all recommended International Space Station extension through 2030 with approvals pending through their own government processes.”
This includes Roscosmos, which is committed to remaining with the ISS program until 2024 and even added their “Nauka” module last year. This guidance and navigation module is the first to be added since 2016 and will provide additional attitude control capabilities to the ISS. NASA also explained how the safe deorbiting of the ISS (when it is decommissioned, years from now) is a priority all parties are committed to:
“The primary objective during space station deorbit operations is the safe re-entry of the space station’s structure into an unpopulated area in the ocean as outlined in the agency’s International Space Stationtransition plan.“
The International Space Station’s Canadarm2 robotic arm captures Orbital ATK’s Cygnus cargo spacecraft on its sixth mission to the station. Credits: NASA
This plan, which was updated on January 31st, 2022, details the administration’s goals for the ISS until 2030. The plan calls for operations that allow for a smooth transition to commercial services, the development of the supply and demand end of a “commercial economy” in Low Earth Orbit (LEO), and the technical steps and budgets this will entail.
“The space station will accomplish the deorbit maneuvers by using the propulsive capabilities of the space station and its visiting spacecraft,” they add. “NASA and its partners have evaluated varying quantities of Russian Progress spacecraft to support deorbit operations. Additionally, NASA is evaluating whether U.S. commercial spacecraft can be modified to provide capability to deorbit the space station.”
This includes the Northrop Grumman Cygnus spacecraft, which NASA claims is “currently in testing to provide limited capability for future reboosts.” They acknowledge that this is not a long-term solution or a replacement for attitude control functions and that “[c]hanges to the current propulsion scheme would take considerable new hardware/software development, and significant time and funding to enact.”
Not mentioned is the SpaceX Crew Dragon, which Musk and other sources online claim could replace the Russians segment. With relatively minor modifications, they argue, Crew Dragon spacecraft could provide reboost capability and attitude control. If feasible, this could constitute a solid backup option and would be in keeping with how NASA has transitioned to commercial suppliers to meet much of its needs.
The takeaway from all of this is that operations aboard the ISS are and always have been interdependent. Russia cannot simply pack up and detach its modules any more than Rogozin could sprout wings and fly there to shoot some propaganda videos. While they don’t say so, NASA’s FAQ page reminds us that the ISS has endured political turmoil before and survived.
For the past eight years, while Russia and the U.S. have been locked in a state of mutual hostility, NASA and Roscomos have maintained good relations. Even when politicians were threatening war and sanctions, astronauts and cosmonauts managed to work together amiably aboard the ISS. Perhaps world leaders could take a page from their book?
Heb jij al eens een ‘zonnehond’ gespot? “Het kan lijken alsof er drie zonnen aan de hemel staan”
Neen, een zonnehond is geen nieuwe yogapositie. Het is een lichtverschijnsel aan de hemel, dat ook wel ‘bijzon’ wordt genoemd, legt wetenschapsexpert Martijn Peters uit. Ben je de komende weken in de weer in je tuin of ga je wandelen rond zonsopgang of zonsondergang, kijk dan zeker om je heen. Met wat geluk kan je het fenomeen aanschouwen.
Martijn Peters
De zonnehond is een optisch natuurfenomeen, dat al in het oude Griekenland werd waargenomen door Aristoteles. De wetenschappelijke term is parhelium, wat afkomstig is van het Griekse parēlion en ‘naast de zon’ betekent. Bij dit lichtverschijnsel lijkt er een lichtvlek links en/of rechts van de zon te staan, op dezelfde hoogte. Die lichtvlekken kunnen soms zo fel zijn dat het lijkt alsof er drie zonnen aan de hemel staan. Waarom dit fenomeen de naam zonnehond heeft gekregen is voorlopig een mysterie. Wetenschappers vermoeden dat de Griekse mythe waarin Zeus met zijn honden door de hemel wandelt er voor iets tussenzit. Net zoals de honden hun baasje trouw volgen, wijken de bijzonnen ook niet van de zijde van de zon.
Je kan een zonnehond gebruiken om het weer te voorspellen. Zie je er één, dan bestaat de kans dat het in de daaropvolgende 24 uur gaat regenen
Wetenschapsexpert Martijn Peters
Een bijzon ontstaat als er zich ijskristallen in onze atmosfeer bevinden. Meestal is dit in de vorm van hoge bewolking, zoals cirrus en cirrostratus wolken. De zeshoekige ijsplaatjes, evenwijdig met de horizon, breken het zonlicht het sterkst naar links en rechts waardoor de lichtplekken naast de zon verschijnen. In principe kan je ze het hele jaar door spotten, al laten ze zich het vaakst zien tijdens koude dagen als er veel ijskristallen aanwezig zijn in de lucht. Ze komen het best tot hun recht na zonsopgang of voor zonsondergang, omdat de hoek tussen de zon en ijskristallen dan optimaal is. Je kan een zonnehond ook gebruiken om het weer te voorspellen. De hoge sluierwolken die ervoor verantwoordelijk zijn, wijzen op een naderend warmtefront. Spot je er één, dan bestaat de kans dat het in de daaropvolgende 24 uur gaat regenen.
Heb je heel veel geluk, dan zie je hetzelfde fenomeen misschien ook ‘s nachts. Dan spreken we van ‘bijmanen’ of paraselenae, die het gevolg zijn van door ijskristallen gebroken maanlicht. Bijmanen zijn veel zeldzamer dan bijzonnen. Vaak zijn ze niet met het blote oog waar te nemen omdat de maan minder helder is dan de zon. Een volle maan vergroot de kans dat je ze kan spotten.
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Clif High: UFO Technology & What Happened at Roswell - Crystals, Crafts Overhead, Night Vision, Ships Fleeing
Clif High: UFO Technology & What Happened at Roswell - Crystals, Crafts Overhead, Night Vision, Ships Fleeing
Clif High has a patent on computer-assisted reading technology which allows reading from computer screens at up to 2000 words per minute. Reaching into other areas of hidden potential within language use by humans, he has been developing a system of software internet agents (like search engines use) and other proprietary processing methods to predict future events.
The software project, begun in 1997, captures near-real-time changes in language patterns within internet discussions. Then, employing radical linguistic techniques of his own devising, he develops a model which anticipates future events with some seeming accuracy. The processing has, at its core, a method of assigning emotional values to complex content and time carry-values to predict changes in future behavior based on how people are using language now.
Since June 2001 when the work projected a major ‘tipping point’, that is a ‘life-changing event’ with aspects of ‘military and accident’ that would forever change the way we live to occur inside 90 days, the web bot project has continued to give archetype descriptors of future events such as the anthrax attack in Washington, the crash of American 587, the Columbia disaster, the Northeast Power outage, the Banda Aceh earthquake and most recently the flooding of the Red River. As a continuing project, reports are offered from the extracted archetype information at his web site, www.halfpasthuman.com
Third Shipwreck Today, This One Has Treasure! March 20, 2022, UFO Sighting News.
Third Shipwreck Today, This One Has Treasure! March 20, 2022, UFO Sighting News.
Below you see lots of boxes holding treasure. The weight of the treasure makes the boxes stay in the same place they were when the ship sunk.
Date of discovery: March 20, 2022 Location of discovery: Uluma Reef, Milne Bay, Papua New Guinea
Google Coordinates: 11° 6'23.30"S 150°57'47.66"E
I was going over Google Earth Map and had a bit of bad luck today. Found a third sunken ship. This one was laden with treasure. The wooden hull of the craft is mostly gone, but its boxes of metallic objects, coins, swords, cannons and more are strewn about. I also see an area where there are about 8-10 wooden boxes with treasure in them. By now the wood is mostly gone, but the treasure is visible when I use a special focus on my photo program. It really pops out. There is something there, maybe millions worth of gold and silver, just waiting for someone to go get it.
This might not look like a shipwreck to many people, but as you know...I have an eye for it. It takes years of practice before it's easy to do.
There is also a legend of a Japanese transport (plane or ship is unknown) in WWII that left Papua New Guinea with 375 million US in gold bars, heading to Japan with boxes of gold bricks. I wonder, if this is that aircraft? Aircraft metal would deteriorate faster since is thin aluminum and corrodes more easily. The thickness of the craft does seem similar to what we see here. Also would explain the debris field around it.
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
I believe it's the metallic luminosity of gold that causes the photo to adjust this was below. The boxes are gone, but the gold bars mostly remain, some is strewn about.
Second Ancient Shipwreck Today Found On Google Earth, March 20, 2022, UFO Sighting News.
Second Ancient Shipwreck Today Found On Google Earth, March 20, 2022, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: March 20, 2022
Location of discovery: Pana Waipona Island
Google coordinates: 11°16'8.27"S 152° 8'37.59"E
More bad news, didn't find a UFO or base, but found a second sunken ship. This one is torn into three pieces and sits about 5-10 meters below the ocean water. This one would be 50-60meters long and 8 meters wide. very cool and strange, but since it is a discovery of another unknown shipwreck I decided to post it here to share. Maybe one day some treasure hunters will find this post and say...lets go explore it. Only by understanding our past, can we understand our future.
Ancient Shipwreck Off Island Of Sabara, Google Earth Map, March 20, 2022, UFO Sighting News.
Ancient Shipwreck Off Island Of Sabara, Google Earth Map, March 20, 2022, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: March 20, 2022
Location of discovery: Island of Sabara, Netherlands Google coordinates: 11° 6'14.40"S 153° 4'52.84"E
I was searching on Google Earth map when I found an old ship wreck of the edge of Sabara Island. Google ruler measures the ship to be 40 meters long and 7.5 meters wide. I can clearly see a tall mast at its back quarter area. The hull of the ship is dark in the depth of the ocean, and its difficult to decide if its metal or wooden. This doesn't resemble any fishing vessel I have ever seen. I think for this wreck to go overlooked for so long, it must be a few hundred years old. I thought this one is undocumented and may be of archeological value to a museum who wishes to explore and recover any museum worthy material it may have. I believe it to be an undocumented ship wreck. I could find nothing of it when doing a Google search.
Watch this amazing raw footage of a dark disk in the sky during a windy day in Australia. The disk was seen by many people and the person recoded it, but only got 18 seconds of it. He said he had more, but he mistakenly didn't hit the record button correctly, and it failed to start. Then he hit the stop button and it began to record his feet. Yeah...thats happened to me to a few times, so yeah, I get it. He also accidentally recorded his feet when he forgot to turn off the video, but they are talking about seeing windows on the object.
This disk has some great control, because even on a windy day, it stays level...only turning slightly. Undeniable evidence that classic UFO disks exist! Australia is a hotbed of UFO activity and this video...enforces it.
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
Eyewitness states:
Walking with my family and we spotted this tic tac object in the sky ove the Broadbeach. It was large and looked to be under control in the windy conditions. I have one more video, mostly of my feet with the object in the last few seconds. I thought I was recording but it turns out I only pressed recorded at the end of when I thought I was recording. If that makes any sense.
That’s quite a controversial title for an article. But, it most definitely fits the content of that very same article, as you will see now. In August 1995, the Canovanas region of the island of Puerto Rico was hit by a spate of very bizarre attacks on farm animals. The unfortunate creatures – typically goat, chickens, and pigs – were found dead with deep puncture wounds to their necks and amid claims that significant amounts of blood were missing from their corpses. Farmers were on edge, the media had an absolute field day, and the people of Puerto Rico were plunged into states that ranged from fear to hysteria. When similar killings began to be reported in numerous other parts of Puerto Rico that fear was amplified to even greater levels. All of which is hardly surprising, when one takes into consideration the physical appearance of the beast that was believed to be behind all of the slaughtering. The first person – so far as we know – to see the beast was a woman named Madeline Tolentino, who lived in Canovanas, the initial scene of all the action, and whose story is told in Ben Radford’s 2011 book, Tracking the Chupacabra. She described it as a fairly compact animal that ran on two legs – in a strange hopping style – and which had what looked like row of feathers running down the back of its head and spine. As media interest grew and grew, so did sightings of the mysterious monster. But, that’s when things became not just interesting, but beyond interesting. There is a very good reason for that: not everyone saw the same beast that Tolentino encountered. Or, at least, it did not look the same.
(Nick Redfern)
On one of my many treks around Puerto Rico while seeking for the Chupacabra
It is one thing to suggest that, in the 1990s, one unknown and dangerous animal was on the loose on Puerto Rico. It is quite another, however, to suggest that multiple, strange creatures were running wild on the island. And, yet, that appears to have been exactly what was going on. Unless, all of the reports were of the same monster. But, given their physical differences, how could that be? Very easily, that is how, if the Chupacabra is a shapeshifter. As amazing as it may sound, a significant amount of data points in that specific direction. Although the first sighting of the creature in the summer of 1995 effectively dictated how the locals perceived the animal to look, not everyone reported something that resembled the monster seen by Madeline Tolentino, as we shall now see. In the days, weeks, months – and even years – that followed, countless reports of Chupacabra attacks on farm animals were reported. The problem, however, is that the descriptions of the beast varied to incredible degrees.
(Nick Redfern)
A small portion of Puerto Rico’s El Yunque rain forest
In some cases, witnesses told of seeing an animal that did not have the feathery line running along the back of its head, neck and spine, as described by Tolentino. Instead, they saw a row of menacing-looking spikes, which stood erect and around four to five inches in length. And, of course, it would be very hard to mistake a line of feathers for a row of vicious spikes! Then, there was the matter of how the animal ran. According to both Tolentino and the majority of the early witnesses, it was a bipedal beast, albeit one which bounced along in a bizarre hopping fashion. Others, however, were sure that the creatures they saw ran on four limbs only. And there was nothing bizarre about its movements: they were likened to the way in which a large cat – such as a mountain lion – would stalk its prey. Now, let us take a look at the eyes of the Chupacabra. Some sightings involved creatures with bright blue eyes. In other cases, the eyes were of a piercing, devilish red and glowing variety.
(Nick Redfern) P
uerto Rico: The lair of the Chupacabra
The most significant factor, however, was the matter of the wings of the Chupacabra. Yes, that is correct: wings. In some cases, but most certainly not all, the creatures were said to have had large and powerful-looking bat-like wings. In other words, they were black and leathery-looking. When faced with such stories, other witnesses swore the monsters had absolutely no wings at all. Adding to the puzzle is the fact that on my second expedition to seek out the Puerto Rican Chupacabra, I spoke with a man named Pucho who saw such a thing, but which had wings like those of a large bird: they were feathery. Most controversial of all are the reports of the Chupacabra transforming into a large and lumbering Bigfoot! I should stress that such reports are rare, and few and far between. However, I do have eleven such reports in my files. In all the cases, the witnesses saw the Chupacabra engulfed by a near-blinding white light and then mutating into a large, hair-covered humanoid, before their startled eyes. When we put all of this information together, we are clearly face with a major-sized conundrum: how can one creature take on multiple appearances and forms? Well, the answer is that no normal animal can do such a thing. But, there is nothing normal about the Chupacabra. Rather, everything suggests it is undeniably abnormal.
(Nick Redfern)
One of the many caves in Puerto Rico
On all of my many trips to Puerto Rico, I have heard several, often-repeated theories for what the beasts are or may be. The list includes alien beings, giant bats, and the products of secret labs run by scientists engaging in bizarre genetic-, cloning- and gene-splicing experiments. And there is one more theory: that the Chupacabras were invoked, or conjured up by clandestine groups that engage in the black arts, and who are directly responsible for creating a portal, or what we might call a supernatural doorway, that lets the monsters enter our world at will. There is no doubt at all that Puerto Rico is home to multiple cults and secret societies that engage in animal sacrifice, ritual magic, and occult practices. I know that, as I have had the opportunity to speak with a few of them. They are dangerous and powerful bodies, ones not to be crossed with. The most likely scenario to explain the nature and presence of the Puerto Rican Chupacabra, however, is that it is the shapeshifting denizen of another realm of existence. It is a monster that, when called forth, eagerly made a new home – as well as an entirely new hunting ground – on the island, and still has no intention of returning to the weird realm from which it first surfaced.
NASA’s SLS Moon rocket rolls out to the launch pad for the first time
NASA’s SLS Moon rocket rolls out to the launch pad for the first time
Around noon EST on Thursday, March 17th, the high bay doors of NASA’s vast Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB) opened, revealing the first fully assembled Space Launch System (SLS) rocket and Orion spacecraft.
About six hours later, the massive rocket departed the VAB for the first time ever and began a four-mile (6.4 km) journey to Pad 39B atop Crawler-Transporter 2. This is the first time a Moon rocket has rolled out of NASA’s Vehicle Assembly Building since Saturn V headed to Pad 39A for Apollo 17 in 1972.
Crawler-Transporter 2 is a building-sized vehicle responsible for carrying NASA rockets – and their even more massive ‘mobile launch platforms’ – from the assembly building to the launch pad. The 6.6-million-pound (~3000 ton) vehicle has a top speed of two miles per hour (~3.2 km/h) while unloaded and one mile per hour (~1.6 km/h) while loaded and is designed to carry a payload of up to 18 million pounds (~8100 tons). The crawler ultimately took about 11 hours to transport SLS, Orion, and MLP-1 to Launch Complex 39B (LC-39B/Pad 39B).
Once the rocket and MLP-1 are fully installed on Pad 39B and the crawler has moved a safe distance away, SLS will be put through its first series of fully integrated tests, culminating in a wet dress rehearsal (WDR) as few as two weeks from now. Once the wet-dress is complete, SLS will be rolled back to the VAB for final launch preparations, including final Orion spacecraft processing, flight software updates. the identification and the repair of any issues found or wear generated during testing.
SLS heads towards LC-39B – and the Moon.(Richard Angle)
SLS is comprised of a core stage (CS-1), upper stage (the Interim Cryogenic Propulsion Stage or ICPS), two solid rocket boosters (SRBs), an incomplete but spaceworthy Orion spacecraft, and a new mobile launch platform (MLP-1). This particular vehicle will be responsible for Artemis-1, an uncrewed test flight that will attempt to inject Orion into orbit around the Moon. While most of the spacecraft’s systems are in place, Artemis 1’s Orion will have no life support or environmental control hardware installed and also lacks a docking adapter.
NASA and its SLS/Orion contractors have subcontracted parts of the rocket and spacecraft’s development to more than 1,100 companies spread across the US, as well as every NASA center. SLS and Orion prime contractors include Boeing, Aerojet Rocketdyne, Northrup Grumman, and the United Launch Alliance. Once completed and qualified, all hardware was shipped to Kennedy Space Center, where the SLS rocket was then fully assembled inside the VAB. All Artemis 1 hardware arrived at KSC by the end of April 2021.
NASA says SLS’ launch debut is now expected to occur no earlier than (NET) May or June 2022. However, given the program’s history of delays, particularly surrounding major integrated testing, it’s likely that this stage of SLS testing will take longer than expected, so launch dates should only be treated as placeholders until the rocket has completed prelaunch testing and been inspected and recertified back inside the VAB.
Four UFOs Over Seen After 7.4 Earthquake At Fukushima, Japan Video, March 17, 2022, UFO Sighting News.
Four UFOs Over Seen After 7.4 Earthquake At Fukushima, Japan Video, March 17, 2022, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: March 17, 2022
Location of sighting: Fukushima, Japan
A person in Japan was watching the news after there was a huge 7.4 earthquake in the city of Fukushima, Japan. They noticed four rotating glowing lights in the sky over the city. The eyewitness recorded it directly from the TV and reported it on Twitter a few minutes ago. Fukushima is the same location where there was a huge earthquake that caused a tidal wave damaging the nuclear reactor and...and then on TV news that day too...a UFO was seen passing over the city. Its more than obvious that aliens have a deep personal investment in Fukushima...which leads me to think...there is an alien base below that city that may extend out into the ocean for miles!
The UFO Org MUFON Has Not Shared Videos Or Photos From Public Reports In Over Two Months, UFO Sighting News.
The UFO Org MUFON Has Not Shared Videos Or Photos From Public Reports In Over Two Months, UFO Sighting News.
Here is something very mysterious in the area of UFO research. The UFO org MUFON has stopped updating the data on publics UFO reports. What I mean is they share the basic info, however they no longer share the publics photos or videos in those reports. I have Tweeted to @MUFON several times over the last two months, however I have not received a single reply. I have also seen dozens of other UFO researchers asking the same question..."Why isn't MUFON showing the photos and videos from the publics UFO reports?"
I am afraid that MUFON is becoming a for profit organization and that they are holding back all the video and photo evidence in order to make money. They already show this idea when they made the TV Series MUFON Insider with Imdb back in 2019... I feel that MUFON only cares about making money, and as John Lock once said, "money creates power and power corrupts." I am afraid that MUFON may become a less and less dependable source of UFO information for researchers worldwide, and more of a form of entertainment instead.
Below are a few tweets sent to @MUFON that have gone unanswered for the last two months.
White Sphere Seen Over Honolulu, Hawaii, USAF Sends Jets To Intercept! Video, UFO Sighting News.
White Sphere Seen Over Honolulu, Hawaii, USAF Sends Jets To Intercept! Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: February 2022
Location of sighting: Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
This UFO was seen over Honolulu last month. They call it a balloon, however on closer inspection, I see its a UFO. You see there is a string like object hanging down from the craft, but its not a string, but an antenna. Any string for a balloon would be very long and much thicker to hold such a huge balloon. However...this thin object sticking from the bottom is so very thin that you almost don't notice it. This shape, color and size of UFO is very similar to the ones seen over Denver, Colorado by thousands of residents and police. Its also similar to the UFO that came down over holy temple Dome of Rock in Jerusalem back in 2011. I am 100% confident that this is a UFO. The USAF cannot track balloons with aircraft radars. I have a friend who is a General in the Taiwan Air Force and I asked him that exact question...and he laughed and said no. I asked if it were dozens of metallic reflective party balloons...and he said no. Not even the mirror reflective balloons could be seen on radar...and that is from my friend who right now teaches students to fly F16s.
Also the object was flying over a US military missile range...investigating the new USAF tech. The jets intercepted it, but claim it was just a balloon. The military always denys that UFOs exist. It's routine for them. This was an undeniable encounter of US jets with a UFO.
UFO Fleet Over Las Vegas Nevada, Caught On Doorcam! March 15, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Fleet Over Las Vegas Nevada, Caught On Doorcam! March 15, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting:March 15, 2022
Location of sighting: Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
Wow, watch a fleet of UFOs shooting past a guys doorjamb at night in Las Vegas, Nevada. The objects are flying really low and close the the tops of the houses. Most public and military jets have rules that prevent them from flying this low, so I don't think those are military jets. Two come so close they look like flying disks! Amazing video and great proof that aliens exist and they enjoy buzzing over Las Vegas. Viva Las Vegas!
Its also a well known fact that in Las Vegas, is Nellis USAF base. And the US military gave an allotment of land to the TALL WHITES, a species of alien that lives to be 800 years old. They were go given land behind the old firing range behind Nellis AFB. They used the land to create underground bases, where their UFOs do not inform the USAF of their comings and goings.
UFO Fleet Shimmers In Sky Over Austin, Texas On March 13, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Fleet Shimmers In Sky Over Austin, Texas On March 13, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: March 13, 2022
Location of sighting: Austin, Texas, USA
Twitter source: @EilisMoonTexas
This video was posted by Beth Diana on Twitter. The video shows a shimmering fleet of shiny UFOs in an overcast sky. Now at first you might think Starlink satellites, however...there is a slightly overcast sky, meaning a huge thick low cloud ceiling...and these objects are below it. Therefore it's not SpaceX. There are dozens of these UFOs and they are flashing from different places in the sky, communicating to each other. It also sounds like there are military jets in the area to investigate the UFOs...sadly we only hear them, we don't see the jets in the video. Absolutely fantastic raw video and 100% proof UFOs are over Texas!
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
Eyewitness states:
My daughter lives in Austin and heard a noise like really loud jet engines and saw these.. I hope you can see them.. bizarre .No jets or planes just these lite up crafts darting around loudly.
Whose 2-Mile-Long Triangle Floated Silently Over Phoenix March 13, 1997?
Whose 2-Mile-Long Triangle Floated Silently Over Phoenix March 13, 1997?
25th Anniversary of the Phoenix lights March 13, 1997 UFO sighting
The Phoenix Lights were a series of widely sighted unidentified flying objects observed in the skies over the southwestern states of Arizona and Nevada, and the Mexican state of Sonora on March 13, 1997.
“covers the whole sky”
“it looked like the Borg in Star Trek”
“it could be a flying aircraft carrier..it just floated”
“easily over a mile long…if not two miles”
“it’s a ship that doesn’t come from out planet”
“shot straight up…just disappeared”
Excerpt of Interview with Jack Shulman, from American Computer Co.
Someone sent Niko a UFO video that he just can’t explain, so he sits down with the crew to see if together they can figure out which species of alien it is.
Paul Blake Smith has extensively researched historical records, whistleblower testimony, and documentary evidence that President Dwight D. Eisenhower had multiple close encounters with extraterrestrials. These encounters may have begun as early as 1948/1949 when he was working with the Truman administration, according to Smith’s analysis of a leaked 1989 Defense Intelligence Agency document.
In his book, President Eisenhower’s Close Encounters(2020), Smith presents an impressive body of evidence that during his Presidency, Eisenhower met with extraterrestrial delegations on at least three occasions at Edwards Air Force Base (Feb 1954); Kirtland AFB (July 1954), and Holloman AFB (Feb 1955), which culminated in secret agreements. In this Exopolitics Today interview, Smith and Dr. Michael Salla discuss these key events and their significance.
In late November 2021, a woman in Argentina, after regaining her memory of the event, claimed she was abducted by a bright UFO, carried for 40 miles, then left on a road 24 hours later where she was found and taken to a hospital. Details of her experience were scarce, her phone – which would have traveled with her and could have clues to what happened – seems to have disappeared, she had unexplained injuries, tracking dogs lost her scent near where she was allegedly abducted, and government officials are still investigating the incident. While skeptics and believers fought, the woman – Irma Rick – continued to give interviews – including one this past week when she revealed she may be pregnant … with an alien-human hybrid baby.
Why adopt when we can have our own?
“I am pregnant by an alien.”
In an interview on the “Bahía Hoy” program broadcast by La Brújula 24, the 55-year-old woman claimed she has a lot of things to tell” … starting with a possible alien pregnancy from her 24-hour, 40-mile trip in the backseat of a flying ET vehicle. How does she know? Green morning sickness?
“I don’t have a belly yet, I feel discomfort, things that happen to me. I have to consult the prosecutor because she does not want me to talk much yet.”
She’s talking to prosecutor Virginia Antón to make sure she doesn’t affect her case, but has she talked to her doctor? It seems part of the reason Irma Rick appeared on Bahia Hoy was to kickstart the examination to see what’s kicking indie her.
“I am doing studies because I can have an alien pregnancy. I don’t ask for much, I have to do a lot of things, I ask for a little help. Tomorrow I have to do ultrasounds and stuff. Supposedly I got pregnant when they took me away.”
Before you write off Irma’s pregnancy – or whatever medical condition she seems to have incurred since her alleged abduction — it’s worth noting that Jacinto Aráuz, the La Pampa town she calls home, has UFO investigators interviewing residents and they’ve found a number of others who saw a UFO or a bright light in the sky on November 16, 2021. Despite their efforts, these ufologists have neither proved nor disproved Irma’s story. It doesn’t seem anyone has interviewed her husband – who must be puzzled that his 55-year-old wife is pregnant by someone – or some alien – who is not him.
We’ll return it when we’re done, kid.
“Mrs. Irma Rick had a case in June 2002 with an experience in Jacinto Arauz, in the house where she lives.”
Carlos Ferguson, a well-known Argentine UFO investigator, reminded La Brújula 24 that this isn’t Irma’ Rick’s first rodeo with ETs – she also reported an experience in the same location in 2002. Her calls her a credible witness “who consistently stuck to what she had seen” and is not “a mythomaniac, delusional or contacted person or with any characteristic that does not fit into something objective.”
Alien abductees often have multiple experiences with UFOs and ETs, and Irma is not the first to announce she’s carrying an alien or hybrids baby. However, the amount of media attention being given to her – at least in South America – makes her different … and worth watching once she finally (hopefully?) sees a doctor.
In the world of mysterious undiscovered beasts we have creatures of all shapes and sizes, with some being more bizarre than others. One corner of cryptozoology that has quite a few rather strange stories is that of various flying, winged reptiles, which have popped up in numerous cultures across the world. Perhaps standing out among the oddest of these are the various accounts of flying snakes, and here we will delve into the weird world of such stories.
The region of Arabia has long been said to be the home of some sort of flying serpent, notably in the area around the Arabian Sea. They were typically described as looking like water snakes, only with bat-like wings upon which they could take flight, sometimes in vast numbers. They were said to lurk about under frankincense trees, and farmers harvesting these trees were so afraid of them that they would burn styrax, which is the resin of the Liquidambar tree, under the trees, which was said to drive the serpents away. The only time when the region was supposedly safe from these malicious winged snakes was during spring, when they were said to migrate to Egypt. Far from mere folklore, the Arabians described these as real animals, giving a good deal of detail on their behavior and life cycle. For instance, the female was said to kill the male during mating, that the young would eat their way out of the womb, killing the mother, and that their primary predator was ibis birds. Occasionally these winged snakes were seen by outsiders, and in the fourth century B.C., Greek historian Herodotus passed through the region and learned much about these creatures from the locals. They told him of the snakes’ habitats and behaviors, even showing him the mountain pass they were said to pass through during their annual migration, and how the ibis birds would congregate there in great numbers during this time to feed on the serpents. He would claim that he had also seen large numbers of skeletons from these snakes at the pass. Herodotus would write of these creatures at length in his tome Histories, saying:
There is a region moreover in Arabia, situated nearly over against the city of Buto, to which place I came to inquire about the winged serpents: and when I came thither I saw bones of serpents and spines in quantity so great that it is impossible to make report of the number, and there were heaps of spines, some heaps large and others less large and others smaller still than these, and these heaps were many in number.” “The region in which the spines are scattered upon the ground is of the nature of an entrance from a narrow mountain pass to a great plain, which plain adjoins the plain of Egypt; and the story goes that at the beginning of spring winged serpents from Arabia fly towards Egypt, and the birds called ibises meet them at the entrance of this country and do not suffer the serpents to go by but kill them. On account of this deed it is, say the Arabians, that the ibis has come to be greatly honored by the Egyptians, and the Egyptians also agree that it is for this reason that they honor these birds. As for the serpent its form is like that of the watersnake; and it has wings not feathered but most nearly resembling the wings of the bat. Let so much suffice as has been said now concerning sacred animals.
Again, Arabia is the most distant to the south of all inhabited countries: and this is the only country which produces frankincense and myrrh and casia and cinnamon and gum-mastich. All these except myrrh are difficult for the Arabians to get. They gather frankincense by burning that storax which Phoinikes (Phoenicians) carry to Hellas; they burn this and so get the frankincense; for the spice-bearing trees are guarded by small Winged Snakes of varied color, many around each tree; these are the snakes that attack Aigyptos (Egypt). Nothing except the smoke of storax will drive them away from the trees . . .So too if the vipers and the Winged Serpents of Arabia were born in the natural manner of serpents life would be impossible for men; but as it is, when they copulate, while the male is in the act of procreation and as soon as he has ejaculated his seed, the female seizes him by the neck, and does not let go until she has bitten through. The male dies in the way described, but the female suffers in return for the male the following punishment: avenging their father, the young while they are still within the womb gnaw at their mother and eating through her bowels thus make their way out. Other snakes, that do no harm to men, lay eggs and hatch out a vast number of young. The Arabian Winged Serpents do indeed seem to be numerous; but that is because (although there are vipers in every land) these are all in Arabia and are found nowhere else. The Arabians get frankincense in the foregoing way.
Herodotus
Another region long said to be inhabited by flying snakes is the desert of the Karas Region of Namibia, on the southwest coast of Africa. The so-called Namibian Flying Snake supposedly has quite the striking appearance, measuring 9 to 25 feet in length, with a wingspan of 30 feet or more, and being yellowish brown with light spots, or black in color, with the ability to camouflage itself like a chameleon. It is said to be able to produce bioluminescence from a crest on its head, and is known for its loud, roaring vocalizations. They are said to live in caves during the day and come out at dusk, and that they are extremely territorial. Locals are apparently terrified of the beasts, which they believe prey on livestock and even people.
Despite just terrifying locals, these creatures have been reported by outsiders since the days of the first African exploration of the region, and one of the more notable accounts supposedly occurred in 1942, in the vicinity of a farm near Kirris West, in south-west Namibia. The account goes that a farmer named Michael Esterhuise was tending to his flock of sheep when he smelled something like burnt tar and looked to see an enormous snake bounding down a hill before shooting straight up into the air on huge wings a sound like “wind blowing through a pipe” and a “great roaring noise.” Esterhuise would claim to encounter the creature on two more occasions after that, and it was compelling enough that it was investigated by Marjorie Eileen Doris Courtenay-Latimer, the South African museum official who in 1938, brought to the attention of the world the existence of the coelacanth. In 1978 there was another notable sighting, when a French farmer who was tending his cattle and noticed a light approaching him. As it drew closer, he could see that the light was emanating from a crest atop the head of a vast winged serpent, which would swoop down to attack one of his cows and fly off. He would say:
I saw what looked like… as the best matching description I can give you is that it looked like a dragon, it had a white bright light on its head, which was blinding me, the color of it was brown and yellow, it had green eyes, there was a tar-like smell coming from it and it had smoke coming out of its nostrils.
In 1988, professor and explorer Roy Mackal travelled to the region to investigate such reports, and although he was unable to see one of the creatures or gather any evidence, he came away convinced that the creature was real. Europe has its share of such accounts as well, and in particular the woodland around Penllyne Castle, in the county of Glamorgan, seems to be a wellspring for flying snake accounts. The Welsh flying snakes have traditionally been described as being six to nine feet long, having feathers, and as being very beautiful, but at the same time very aggressive and dangerous. They were also supposedly ravenous as well, and often shot at by farmers trying to keep them away from their chickens. In her book Folk-Lore and Folk-Stories of Wales, author Marie Trevelyan writes of these mysterious creatures:
The woods around Penllyne Castle, Glamorgan, had the reputation of being frequented by winged serpents, and these were the terror of old and young alike. An aged inhabitant of Penllyne, who died a few years ago, said that in his boyhood the winged serpents were described as very beautiful. They were coiled when in repose, and “looked as though they were covered with jewels of all sorts. Some of them had crests sparkling with all the colours of the rainbow.” When disturbed, they glided swiftly, “sparkling all over,” to their hiding places. When angry, they “flew over people’s heads, with outspread wings bright and sometimes with eyes, too, like the feathers in a peacock’s tail.” He said it was “no old story,” invented to “frighten children,” but a real fact. His father and uncles had killed some of them, for they were “as bad as foxes for poultry.” This old man attributed the extinction of winged serpents to the fact that they were “terrors in the farmyards and coverts.” An old woman, whose parents in her early childhood took her to visit Penmark Place, Glamorgan, said she often heard the people talking about the ravages of the winged serpents in that neighbourhood.
Another recent report of a flying serpent of some sort in Wales supposedly happened in 2001 in the area of Powys. In March of that year, a British biologist and a few colleagues were doing some fieldwork in the area when they apparently encountered “a serpentine dragon.” A report on the incident in Strange Magazine says of it:
A British biologist and a few colleagues were conducting some research in the area after being notified by a local of “something” strange that was witnessed a month earlier. As they stood at the edge of some woods by a quarry they suddenly looked upon an extraordinary entity. Measuring 3 ft. or so in length, it resembled a serpentine dragon with four short limbs, but its head was shaped very like that of a sea horse, and it was airborne…undulating and wriggling as it flew about 10 ft above the surface of the quarry in a wide circle. They were unable to recall seeing any wings, but it had a long tail that ended in a pair of horizontal, whale like flukes. The entity was green in color and shimmered somewhat, but appeared solid, not translucent or ethereal. They watched it for 3-4 minutes, at a distance of approximately 50 ft, before it finally vanished into one of the numerous caves and large crevices pitting the quarry. The biologist had the distinct impression while watching this creature that it was deliberately seeking to keep them at bay, warning them off from approaching further into its territory.
Hopping across to the United States, here we also find many bizarre reports of flying, winged snakes. One spate of such sightings happened in the 1800s all over the country. In the 1850s, settlers in the state of Nebraska began telling of a giant flying “undulating serpent” with “lighted streaks along the sides” that was frequently seen soaring over the Missouri River. In 1873, several residents of Ft. Scott, Kansas saw in the sky “the form of a huge serpent, apparently perfect in form, surrounding the sun” for several minutes. In June of that same year, farmers near Bonham, Texas, saw a giant flying serpent flying along with a cloud. A report of the encounter in the Bonham Enterprise reads:
It seemed to be as large and as long as a telegraph pole, was of a yellow striped color, and seemed to float along without any effort. They could see it coil itself up, turn over, and thrust forward its huge head as if striking at something, displaying the maneuvers of a genuine snake. The cloud and serpent moved in an easterly direction, and were seen by persons a few miles this side of Honey Grove.
In Jerome Clark’s Unnatural Phenomena: A Guide to the Bizarre Wonders of North America, there is a report from September of 1875, when two young men in Leavenworth, Kansas, claimed to have actually captured a flying snake. They claimed that they had been out hunting when a flying serpent measuring one-foot-long and with spots on its body began fluttering around them on two wings about “the size of a man’s hands.” One of the men was able to swat it out of the air with his hand, and the two of them stomped it to death and put the body in a bottle of alcohol. Unfortunately, no one is really sure where this amazing physical evidence went or if it ever even existed at all.
In March of 1882, two lumberjacks in Hurleton, California, saw above the tree tops a massive flying serpent with a head like a crocodile. One of the men fired his shotgun at it, which elicited a “cry similar to that of a calf and bear combined but gave no sign of being inconvenienced or injured.” Several other people in the area also claimed to have seen the creature. In 1888, three young women in Darlington County, South Carolina claimed to have seen a giant 15-foot-long serpent gliding above them at “about the speed of a hawk” making a hissing sound. In 1897, a witness in Detroit of all places claimed to have seen something remarkable as well, saying:
Going down Grand River about 4 in the morning, the policeman I was with and I saw an object that looked to be about three feet in diameter. It was about 1,000 feet in the air and was heading east. It was a silvery color and had a tail about three blocks long. It traveled like those big sea serpents you read about skimming over the top of the water. It made a low hissing noise that we could just hear. My dad, who was leaving our home for work, also saw it as it seemed to pass right over our house on Rivard between Leland and Alexandrine.
What are we dealing with in accounts such as these? While there are known “flying snakes,” in that they can glide from tree to tree, they do not have wings and are very different than anything we have looked at here. Are these misidentifications, tall tales, or what? Certainly many such accounts have quite a colorful cast to them, suggesting pure folklore or someone having some fun on a slow news day, but could any of these have something more behind them? No matter what the answer to this question may ultimately be, these are certainly curious historical oddities that add another strange corner to the realm of cryptozoology.
John Lennon has been gone for over 40 years, but perhaps Paul McCartney could be persuaded to change one word in a beloved song from Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band written mostly by John. Why would he do that? Because new research suggest that astronomers can now see Mercury in the sky with diamonds. Will this change the exoplanetary focus of Musk and Bezos?
Mercury?
“The pressure wave from asteroids or comets striking the surface at tens of kilometers per second could transform that graphite into diamonds.”
Picture yourself in a seat at a conference – specifically, the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference held in Houston recently. There, Kevin Cannon, a geologist at the Colorado School of Mines, made the case for our solar system’s smallest planet being covered with diamonds. His explanation is actually pretty simple to follow. Mercury’s composition is primarily graphite — a crystalline form carbon. In its normal soft state, it’s perfect for pencil leads and lubricants. However, put it under high pressure and heat and it becomes diamonds. Many astronomers and geologists believe that four billion years ago, our inner solar system was in a state of cataclysmic asteroid activity called the Late Heavy Bombardment. While the asteroids pummeled Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars, the telltale evidence was discovered in Moon rocks brought back by the Apollo missions. That’s when the Moon got a majority of its craters and it’s speculated that Mercury, with twice as many as the Moon, got twice the bombardment.
“You could have a significant amount of diamonds near the surface.”
Scientists believe the Mercury of 4 billion years ago was covered with magma and a layer of graphite upwards of 300 feet deep. As those asteroids hit Mercury, the pounding pressure turned the graphite into “shock diamonds.” What is a “significant amount”? According to Wired, Cannon estimates as much as 16 quadrillion tons! Before you book a seat and attempt to hijack a Blue Origin flight to Mercury, they’re tiny and buried all over Mercury.
Tiny diamonds found in some asteroids are thought to be shock diamonds formed by collisions. Earth and the Moon don’t have them because their surfaces aren’t covered with graphite like Mercury. Laura Lark, a researcher at Brown University in Rhode Island, also spoke at the conference and says dark spots of graphite on the surface of Mercury in images taken by cameras aboard NASA’s Messenger spacecraft between 2011 and 2015 support Cannon’s theory. Another mission could confirm it, but the next one isn’t until 2025 when BepiColombo, launched by the European Space Agency and the Japanese Space Agency reaches Mercury and drops a probe to map the surface. That mission could also verify a second theory – that a huge asteroid smashed into Mercury between 10 or 20 million years ago and smashed what was once a bigger planet into the tiny one it is today, blowing the rest of it into space and onto Earth and its close neighbors.
Will 16 quadrillion tons of diamonds entice space miners to head to Mercury with big shovels and buckets … and space suits designed to withstand temperatures ranging from 800 degrees Fahrenheit in the daytime and -290 F at night?
Picture yourself in a ship on a mission … to Mercury in the sky with diamonds.
In this series we are exploring the weird and wonderful world of astronomy jargon! You’ll feel like a brand new person after today’s topic: nova!
Ah, the nova. The most classic of the kind of cosmic explosion known as a “cataclysmic variable.” In fact, it’s so classic that the proper name for a nova is…”classical nova.”
Before the twentieth century, every kind of explosion on the night sky was called a “nova.” But once we figured out the various processes that were leading to stellar deaths, we came up with a better classification system. That’s how we got supernovae, luminous red novae, and the classical novae.
The classical nova starts off as a binary star system. One star will be more massive than the other. Because that more massive star fuses hydrogen at a faster rate, it will go through its life cycle more quickly. Eventually it will die, leaving behind a core of oxygen and carbon called a white dwarf.
Then its less massive companion finally enters old age. Towards the end of that star’s life, it will swell and become a red giant.
If the orbits of the red giant and the white dwarf get too close, with orbital periods going down to a few days, then things get interesting. The atmosphere of the red giant, which is made of mostly hydrogen, can start to spill over onto the white dwarf, pulled by the gravitational attraction of that leftover core.
That white dwarf is hot, usually having a temperature of a few hundred thousand Kelvin. As all that hydrogen spills onto its surface, the white dwarf heats it up. If conditions are just right, the hydrogen layer building up on the white dwarf can get too hot. This triggers a runaway fusion event which engulfs the entire surface of the white dwarf.
It’s a giant nuclear bomb.
Novae like this happen about ten times per year, but they will only be visible to the naked eye every 12 to 18 months. Sometimes the process can happen again and again, as the red giant continues to spill its own atmosphere onto the white dwarf in a fatal cycle.
In this serieswe are exploring the weird and wonderful world of astronomy jargon! You’ll only be visible in the southern hemisphere after today’s topic: the Magellanic Clouds!
The Magellanic Clouds are the two largest satellite galaxies of the Milky Way. They appear in the night sky of the southern hemisphere as two fuzzy patches visible to the naked eye. Inhabitants of the southern hemisphere have known about them since basically forever, but they didn’t get the attention of European astronomers until Antonia Pigafetta wrote about them after accompanying Ferdinand Magellan on his circumnavigation of the world.
The Magellanic Clouds look pretty close together, but in actuality they sit about 75,000 light-years away from each other. The larger of the two, appropriately named the Large Magellanic Cloud or LMC, is about 160,000 light-years away from the Milky Way, while the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) is about 200,000 light-years away.
The LMC is about 14,000 light-years across, making it roughly twice the size of the SMC, although that’s still tiny compared to the Milky Way, which is over 100,000 light-years across.
Compared to the Milky Way, the two Clouds have a lot more gas and fewer stars. They also lack a lot of elements heavier than helium, since they do not host a lot of star formation. Whatever shape they had when they first formed is long gone, as they’ve been stretched and pulled by the gravitational effects of the Milky Way. That said, radio telescopes have revealed a faint spiral structure in the hydrogen that fills their volumes.
Astronomers have a difficult time estimating the mass of both clouds, but evidence suggests that the LMC is about a tenth as massive as the Milky Way.
The two Clouds are not alone; they are joined by several dozen other dwarf galaxies that orbit the Milky Way.
In this serieswe are exploring the weird and wonderful world of astronomy jargon! You’ll be seeing double with today’s topic: gravitational lens!
Einstein’s theory of general relativity tells us that matter and energy bend and warp the fabric of spacetime. Indeed, this bending and warping is exactly what we experience as the force of gravity, since the deformations in spacetime instruct matter how to move. This bending doesn’t just apply to matter, but also to light.
The means that gravity bends the path of light in a phenomenon known as gravitational lensing. This was one of the first predictions of the theory of relativity, and an expedition led by Sir Arthur Eddington to observe the bending of starlight during a total solar eclipse was the first test of Einstein’s famous theory.
There are three kinds of gravitational lenses, divided into how strong the effect is.
The first kind is called strong gravitational lensing. Astronomers see this kind of lensing around gigantic clusters of galaxies. When light from background galaxies passes through or near the cluster, that light bends, distorts, and even sometimes follows separate paths. The background galaxy then appears warped and distorted, and in some cases can appear in multiple locations around the cluster.
The second kind is much weaker, and hence is called weak gravitational lensing. This is caused by the light from distant galaxies passing through billions of light-years of cosmic structure on its way to our telescopes. This won’t visibly distort the images of galaxies, but gently tweak them. Astronomers use this mild distortion to estimate the amount of matter between us and the galaxy, helping them to build maps of the universe.
The last kind if called microlensing, and is by far the weakest, as its na me suggests. When a small object passes between us and a star, the image of the star will briefly appear to flare and brighten, due to multiple beams of light from the star getting focused around the object. This technique allows astronomers to discover otherwise invisible things like black holes and rogue planets wandering the galaxy.
Although the Arecibo radio telescope is no more, it continues to deliver scientific discoveries. There is a wealth of Arecibo data astronomers continue to mine for new discoveries, and one of them is thanks to an astronomical technique known as planetary radar.
You’re probably familiar with radar as it’s used in weather forecasts, or when you’re caught speeding on the highway. Radar works by beaming a radio signal at an object. Some of the radio light bounces back, and from the return signal, you can tell things such as how distant an object is and where it is moving. Planetary radar involves beaming a radio signal at a planet, then picking up the scattered signal with a sensitive radio telescope. The technique was first used in the 1960s to measure the orbits of Venus and Mercury.
A radar map of Mercury showing pockets of ice (center). Credit: Rivera-Valentín et al
Over the years, radar astronomy has gotten more powerful. In the past several decades the method could be used not only to map the surface of a planet but also to identify surface composition. In the 1990s planetary radar was used to map the surface of Mercury, and it surprisingly found pockets of ice near the planet’s poles. The radar maps weren’t precise enough to determine exactly where the ice was located, but astronomers figured it must be hidden within the shadowed regions of polar craters where sunlight never reaches. Further studies in 2012 confirmed the presence of crater ice.
Then 2019 Arecibo beamed a powerful radio signal toward Mercury. The scattered signal was captured by the Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia, allowing astronomers to make a detailed radio map of Mercury, including polar regions where there are ice pockets. In this latest study, this data was combined with data from the Messenger spacecraft, which orbited Mercury from 2011 to 2015.
A detailed map of Mercury’s polar ice. Credit: Rivera-Valentín et al
The Messenger spacecraft used laser mapping to distinguish bright regions of ice from darker regolith regions. By combining the data, the team was able to better interpret data from the radar map. Although ice typically reflects more radio light than regolith, making icy regions appear bright on a radar map, regions can also appear bright for other reasons, such as scattering off a surface angled just so. The team was able to confirm that the radio bright regions of Mercury generally indicated ice. They could even get a handle on the purity of Mercury’s ice pockets.
In addition to further confirming Mercury’s polar ice, the study also lays the groundwork for radar maps of other worlds. For example, there is a great deal of interest in the location of water ice on the Moon, which would be extremely useful for future lunar astronauts. Refined radar maps of the Moon will be able to determine not only the position of lunar ice pockets but also the size and purity of these pockets. And if you are going to build a base on the Moon, it would be very helpful to have a bit of ice on the rocks nearby.
Its a well known fact among UFO researchers that aliens have done and will continue to do interbreeding research. Thats research in order to create a whole generation of alien beings breed between human and their species. They need a species that can withstand the bacteria, viruses, and planetary pressures that we have on Earth. So, they conduct experiments, gather data and yes, abduct men and women and even children for expedients. They usually erase your memory of the events, however there is always a little bit of memory that they cannot delete from you. This you must live with forever. Usually it deals with a dramatic moment with the aliens.
If she is pregnant then the aliens will come back for her. Many abduction of impregnated women have had the aliens come back, abduct her again a month before the due date, and take the baby out of her, then return her home. Thats what always happens according to dozens of past abduction reports.
Here a woman disappeared for 24 hours only to show up 65km from home and unable to speak for a while. This is 100% proof of an alien abduction happened. Its not going to stop anytime soon, worldwide such things do happen. Aliens have their own purposes and they want to learn about us, like we want to learn about others species.
Scott C. Waring-Taiwan
News states:
“Mrs. Irma Rick had a similar case back in June 2002 with an experience in Jacinto Arauz, in the house where she lives. She denounced, in a year of great activity in Argentina, the presence of an object that caused alteration effects in all the animals of the establishment; she claims to have seen a strange figure. The Police intervened at that time, finding circular burns (a microwave effect) on the ground where this object was perched, ”
Then This week she states about a new abduction on Nov 16, 2021:
She said, “I am doing medical check ups because I will have an alien pregnancy. Tomorrow I have to do ultrasounds and stuff. Supposedly I got pregnant when they took me away.” “I don't have a belly yet, I feel discomfort, things that happen to me. I have to consult the prosecutor because she doesn't want me to talk much yet, ”she concluded. "I don't even know how to explain it. My husband went to another field, I got up, drank some mates, started playing with the phone and it started making lines, like interference. Suddenly I started to hear wind, like when a window starts to buzz. I went outside thinking that he was my husband. I went out and I don't remember anything else, ”said the woman.nd he added “I remember very little, the phone began to interfere, the power went out, I walked outside and from there I don't remember anything else. The only thing I remember is a strong wind.” Given her strange disappearance and the place where she was found, she reported that “she did not know if it was night or day. I opened my eyes and saw white lights. That same clarity wouldn't let me open my eyes, that's as far as I remember. The next day I appeared sitting in the street, I don't remember how long I was sitting. When I got up, I touched myself and the phone was on. I was going around until I started to react. I looked at the phone and it was 5:30 in the morning. And she added “the first thing I did was call my children but I couldn't talk, so I wrote to them. They made video calls to me but I only moved my hands. The words did not come out". Irma Rick confirmed that it was the first time she had spoken to the press and she said “I only spoke to my family. They are as surprised as I am, they want to know what happened to me. I don't know anything until now."
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Jim Marrs, Dr. Steven Greer… The Most Carefully Guarded Secret in the History of Mankind
Jim Marrs, Dr. Steven Greer… The Most Carefully Guarded Secret in the History of Mankind
COAST TO COAT AM 2022 – Courtesy of Reality Films Distribution: UFO Chronicles is an unprecedented and uncensored film series featuring the top authorities on the UFO enigma. Pilots, Astronauts, Government Officials, Military Officials, Medical Experts, Scientists, Religious Leaders and more reveal (in never-before-seen interviews) the ramifications of the Alien Presence on planet earth. The UFO Chronicles series discloses information you were never meant to know.
In this episode, Jim Marrs (1943-2017) and Dr. Steven Greer reveal information you were never meant to know.
Dr. Steven Greer, Founder and Director of the Disclosure Project and Project Orion, speaks frankly about his compilation of over 400 government, military and intelligence witnesses testifying to their direct, first-hand experience with UFOs, ET technology, and the cover-up and/or suppression of evidence of an Alien presence on earth..
Jim Marrs ( 1943 – 2017) was a New York Times best-selling author of books and articles on a wide range of alleged cover-ups and conspiracies. Mr. Marrs was a prominent figure in the JFK conspiracy press and his book “Crossfire” was a source for Oliver Stone’s film “JFK.” He has written books asserting the existence of government conspiracies regarding aliens, telepathy, and secret societies.
Alien life: Elon Musk reveals EVERYTHING he knows about life outside Earth
Alien life: Elon Musk reveals EVERYTHING he knows about life outside Earth
ELON MUSK has revealed everything he knows about alien life as he unveiled SpaceX’s new Starship rocket, claiming if anyone were to know about ET, it would be him.
The tech entrepreneur was speaking at the unveiling of SpaceX’s most impressive rocket to date, the Starship, in Boca Chica, Texas, when the subject ofalienscame up. Mr Musk, who reportedly has a net worth of a staggering $20.1billion (£16.1billion), told the audience he is yet to see any signs of alien activity – but he would be the one to know if there was any indication of extraterrestrial life. The 48-year-old said: “As far as we know, we’re the only consciousness, or the only life that’s out there.
“There might be other life, but we’ve seen no signs of it.
“People often ask me ‘what do you know about the aliens?’ and I’m like, ‘man, I tell you, pretty sure I’d know if there were aliens. I’ve not seen any sign of aliens’.
“The reality is, as far as we know, this is the only place, at least in this part of the galaxy or in the Milky Way, where there is consciousness.
“It appears that consciousness is a very rare and precious thing, and we should take whatever steps we can to preserve the light of consciousness.
Alien life: Elon Musk reveals EVERYTHING he knows about life outside Earth
(Image: GETTY)
Elon Musk unveiled SpaceX's Starship
(Image: GETTY)
Mr Musk added, jokingly: ”If they are here, I hope they’re nice. You know, they haven’t killed us yet — so they must be not that bad.”
On Saturday, September 28, the South African-born billionaire unveiled a prototype of the Starship Mk1rocket which will take humans to the Moon, Mars and “beyond”.
Standing in front of a prototype of the 164ft (50m) tall, 200-ton, or 1,400 tons when fully loaded, SpaceX Starship, Mr Musk said that the rocket will be placed in Earth’s orbit within six months to test the machine.
The Starship prototype, displayed alongside SpaceX’s original Falcon 1 rocket on Saturday, is constructed of eye-catching stainless steel instead than the carbon composite or aluminium-based materials.
This gives the SpaceX Starship “exceptional thermal properties” and a lower cost.
A refined Starship paired with a SpaceX Super Heavy booster stage will increase the rocket’s height to 387ft (117m) and capable of carrying 220,000 pounds.
The spaceship will also include the functions for “orbital refilling”, which would allow fuel to be transferred from spacecraft to spacecraft in Earth’s orbit – something which Mr Musk said is easier to do than docking at the International Space Station (ISS).
He added: “This is one of the other critical pieces of the puzzle to establish a base on the moon or Mars.
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The James Webb Space Telescope has sent back its clearest image yet
The James Webb Space Telescope has sent back its clearest image yet
A crucial phase of mirror alignment has been completed for the James Webb Space Telescope, and the process resulted in the highest resolution infrared image ever taken from space
The James Webb Space Telescope focused on this bright star to align its mirrors
NASA/STScI
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has reached a crucial phase in the alignment of its mirrors. Images from this process have shown that everything is working even better than expected, and the telescope’s operators say that its performance will be able to meet or even exceed the goals that were originally set for it.
JWST peers into the cosmos with the help of 18 gold-plated hexagonal mirrors. For it to work properly, all of these mirrors have to be aligned with extraordinary precision – within nanometres – so that they act as one. When the observatory sent back its first images in February, the mirrors weren’t yet aligned and the images were blurry. Now, although the alignment process isn’t quite complete, the image is crystal clear.
“This is as sharp an image as you can get from a telescope of this size,” said JWST scientist Marshall Perrin at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Maryland during a 16 March press conference. It is the highest resolution infrared image ever taken from space.
The picture itself shows a bright star called 2MASS J17554042+6551277. If the alignment hadn’t been precise enough, there would be multiple copies of the star in the image, but it shows that the mirrors are now all working together to create a single image of a star flanked by distant galaxies.
“The telescope performance so far is everything that we dared hope,” said JWST scientist Jane Rigby at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland during the press conference. There are a few more alignment steps before the observatory can take its first science images, which are expected in June or July.
This image of a single star is only the beginning. Once JWST begins taking science images, it should help unravel some of the universe’s biggest mysteries, from exoplanet habitability to dark energy.
Tales of a Two-headed Giant: Are the Legends of Kap Dwa Real?
Tales of a Two-headed Giant: Are the Legends of Kap Dwa Real?
Countless people have claimed to encounter giants throughout history. Greek titans, various Norse giants, the Chinese giant Pangu, and the Biblical giants Goliath and Anak are all examples of stories of extremely large beings in different cultures. This has led many to wonder if real giants ever existed. One example which has been suggested as a possibility is the giant Kap Dwa. Kap Dwa is alleged to be a Patagonian giant discovered off the coast of South America. The body is unusual not just in its gigantic stature, but also in the fact that it has two heads. Could this giant be real? It is scientifically plausible, but its association with P. T. Barnum and the fact that it has not been examined by experts call this giant’s authenticity into question.
Giant Bones in Baltimore
Kap Dwa is said to be a 12-foot (3.66 meter) tall giant, the body of which is in a museum in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. It is said to be a Patagonian giant. Patagonia was considered a land inhabited by giants for a long time. The legend of Patagonian giants goes back to a story told by the explorer Ferdinand Magellan.
English sailor offering bread to a Patagonian woman giant. Frontispiece to ‘Viaggio intorno al mondo fatto dalla nave Inglese il Delfino comandata dal caposqadra Byron’ (Florence, 1768), the first Italian edition of John Byron’s ‘A Voyage Round the World in His Majesty’s Ship the Dolphin . . .’ (London, 1767) [Rare Books Division].
Magellan and his men stopped on the beaches of South America and went inland to explore. As they explored, it is said they encountered natives that were twice the size of a normal man. This is probably because a few of the indigenous peoples of the region, namely the Tehuelche, do happen to be taller than the average European was at the time. This height difference may have been exaggerated, leading to the long-standing European myth that Patagonia was a land of giants.
Is it possible though that there may have been a few real giants in Patagonia and that Kap Dwa is an example of them?
There are two conflicting stories of the origin of Kap Dwa. According to the first, Kap Dwa was encountered by Spanish sailors in around 1673 on the beaches of Patagonia. He was captured and taken onto their ship where they strapped him to the mast. When he got free of the mast, he skirmished with them and was killed by a pike piercing his chest. After this his body was mummified and stuffed and eventually made its way first to Britain and later the United States in the 19th century; where it became the subject of many sideshows and freak shows as a spectacle of the unexplored world.
The second story is that the giant was found already dead on a beach with a spear through his chest. In this version, his body was found by Paraguay natives who mummified the body and worshiped it in a sort of religious ceremony. At some point after this, the British schooner captain George Bickle heard about it. He infiltrated Paraguay and stole the body. After having taken the body, he brought it with him to Britain.
Both stories end the same way: The body ends up in the hands of showmen who add it to their collection of curiosities.
There is some disagreement over its authenticity. Some believe it to be genuine and others are convinced it is a hoax. Let us examine the evidence and see which one sounds more likely.
Is a Two-Headed 12 Foot Man Even Possible?
Although a real two-headed giant seems pretty far-fetched, on par with discovering a real dragon or a real troll, it is not actually as unlikely as it sounds. Let us first examine the creature’s unusual height. There have been people of unusual stature due to the condition known as gigantism. The tallest person in recorded history for which there is indisputable evidence is Robert Wadlow (1918-1940) who was 8 feet 11 inches (2.47 meters) tall and still growing when he suddenly died at the age of 22.
Although people have been found who are over 8 feet tall, no living people or skeletal remains (for which the evidence is beyond dispute) have been found that are 12 feet tall. Although it may be possible for a human to grow to that size, increasing health complications make it more difficult for someone to reach that height and survive. The reason that Wadlow died is because his feet developed blisters because of the enormous weight on them. These blisters eventually became infected and he died from complications related to the infection. These health problems would only get worse for someone who was 12 feet tall.
People and animals with multiple heads have also been identified. One of the ways that conjoined twins can form is a condition called dicephalic parapagus, in which the twins will appear to have one body and two heads. Again, most cases do not survive infancy let alone to adulthood, but there are a few rare cases that do. The two most famous examples would be the Italian brothers Giovanni and Giacomo Battista Tocci (1875/1877-1940?) and the American sisters from Minnesota named Abby and Brittany Hensel (1990- present). The chances of survival for dicephalic parapagus twins is increased if their vital organs are doubled so that each twin has a separate heart, stomach, set of lungs, etc. It is thus possible for dicephalic parapagus twins to become biologically successful adults, but it is very rare.
1880's cabinet card photograph of the Tocci Brothers by Obermiller & Kern. It was sold by the Tocci Brothers.
For Kap Dwa to be genuine, we would have to suppose two very unlikely scenarios at once. We would have to presume that dicephalic parapagus twins were born who had yet another rare and lifespan-reducing disorder, gigantism, and they were somehow able to overcome all the health problems related to both conditions and become full-fledged adults that were strong and healthy enough to engage in combat with a band of sailors. While this is not out of the question, it does make the story much more unlikely and in need of considerably more evidence.
The body was allegedly examined by physicians in the 1960s who said that it showed no obvious signs of being fake. No other experts appear to have examined the body either to determine if it is genuine or if it had the internal anatomic requirements to be likely to survive as a set of dicephalic parapagus twins.
Another problem with the authenticity of the body is its association with Phineas Taylor Barnum. P.T. Barnum was a 19th century showman, businessman, and politician known for shows in which he would display creatures or items which he claimed to be the remains of mythical creatures or from distant lands. Two famous examples would be the jackalope and the Fiji mermaid. P.T. Barnum was known for telling tall tales and most of his specimens have turned out to be hoaxes, the most famous of which might be the Fiji mermaid. Any association with P.T. Barnum immediately casts doubt on the authenticity of Kap Dwa.
[Top] Fiji Mermaid, in the Folklore section at the Haus der Natur (House of Nature), a natural history collection in Salzburg, Austria. ( CC BY NC SA 2.0 ) [Bottom] P.T. Barnum’s Feejee mermaid
Furthermore, there is a strange artform known as rogue taxidermy which consists of reconstructing corpses to look like mythical creatures such as dragons, fairies, goblins, and even giants. This is not practiced very often today, but it was popular in the 19th and early 20th centuries. A two headed Patagonian giant would be a likely candidate for a specimen to be made by rogue taxidermists.
Although it is scientifically possible for Kap Dwa to be genuine as a set of dicephalic parapagus twins who suffered from gigantism, the unlikelihood of this scenario, the associations of the specimen with a man known to have produced multiple hoaxes, and the fact that no one has really examined the body since the 1960s all suggest that Kap Dwa is more likely an elaborate hoax… at least until indisputable evidence can be found.
This week, John Greenwald Jr. – creator and manager of The Black Vault, the largest privately run online repository of declassified government documents in the world – revealed the result of his Freedom of Information Act request for access to former president Barack Obama’s presidential records on the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP), photos and videos of UFOs and UAPs, and anything on the Advanced Aerospace Weapons System Application Program (AAWSAP). While Greenwald has obviously had successful requests before, even he seems surprised by the response he received from Obama’s library.
“The Obama Presidential Library just informed me they have approximately 3,440 pages and 26,271 electronic files that pertain to my request for #AATIP / #UFO / #UAP and #AAWSAP information.”
Note to self: Don’t forget to take the UFO files.
Over 3,400 pages and 26,000+ electronic files sounds like a treasure trove … until you remember that these came from a government bureaucracy finely tuned to creating mountains of paper used to hide real facts. Moreover, this doesn’t mean The Black Vault, or anyone else filing a FOIA request, will see everything – a quick look at files stored at The Black Vault shows them to be redacted … and we should expect the Obama library files to be covered in black stripes. That editing process in the name of ‘national security’ will definitely slow things down.
In the meantime, we can speculate on what these papers and files might contain. After leaving office, Obama has enjoyed teasing late night talk show hosts with hints on what he may have seen while president. He told James Corden he hoped the Tic Tac UFOs were the kind of thing “people still take seriously, trying to investigate and figure out what that is.” He told Stephen Colbert there were some questions he was not allowed to answer, and gave the reason to Jimmy Kimmel:
“The aliens won’t let it happen. You’d reveal all their secrets, and they exercise strict control over us.”
That brings us back to what might be in his presidential library. The National Archives defines a presidential library as “vast archives of documents, museums full of important Presidential artifacts, interesting educational and public programs, and informative web sites” and “papers, records and historical materials of the Presidents.” Theoretically, a presidential library could include any document touched by a president. If President Obama actually reviewed documents on UFOs, they could be in the library and conceivably valuable for review by The Black Vault and the public … unless they’re still at the White House, the Pentagon or some other place where they’re guarded as crucial to ‘national security’.
Do the files contain anything on the “tic-tac” UFOs?
If you’re thinking maybe The Black Vault should make a similar request for the papers of the late UFO-hunting Senator Harry Reid, here’s what one of his aides told Politico after a particularly frustrating quest for information by the former Senate Majority Leader.
“After a while the consensus was we really couldn’t find anything of substance. They produced reams of paperwork. After all of that there was really nothing there that we could find.”
Over the years and decades, a large number of UFO-themed government documents have been declassified into the public domain thanks to the Freedom of Information Acts of various nations. There is, however, another aspect to this: namely, the files that should have been released but that can’t be found. Anywhere. We’ll begin with the Roswell affair of July 1947. When, in the 1990s, the U.S. Government Accountability Office (previously the General Accounting Office) dug deep to try and find any documentation on Roswell, many researchers of the still-mysterious case thought that at least some degree of answers would be found. Not so. There’s no doubt that the GAO did a very good job when it came to the search for the Roswell files, but even they couldn’t find what turned out to be a significant body of files. As the GAO said: “In our search for records concerning the Roswell crash, we learned that some government records covering RAAF activities had been destroyed and others had not. For example, RAAF administrative records (from Mar. 1945 through Dec. 1949) and RAAF outgoing messages (from Oct. 1946 through Dec. 1949) were destroyed. The document disposition form does not indicate what organization or person destroyed the records and when or under what authority the records were destroyed [italics mine].” The mystery is still not clear. Now, onto another famous (or infamous) case.
(Nick Redfern)
Roswell: Files that can’t be found
In 2011, the BBC ran an online article titled “UFO files reveal ‘Rendlesham incident’ papers missing.” The BBC’s Neil Henderson wrote: “Intelligence papers on a reported UFO sighting known as the ‘Rendlesham incident’ have gone missing, files from the National Archives reveal. The missing files relate to a report of mysterious lights from US servicemen at RAF Woodbridge in Suffolk in 1980. The disappearance came to light with the release of 8,000 previously classified documents on UFOs. Officials found a ‘huge’ gap where defense intelligence files relating to the case should be, the papers show.” The files also referred to a “deliberate attempt” to “eradicate the records covering this incident.” Hmm.
(Nick Redfern)
When documents vanish…
Now, onto the matter of the Contactees of the 1950s. Or, rather, one particular Contactee: Orfeo Angelucci, who came on the UFO scene in the early 1950s.. It’s a fact that nearly all of the UFO Contactees had files opened on them by J. Edgar Hoover’s FBI. The list included George Adamski, George Van Tassel, Wayne Aho, and George Hunt Williamson. Some of those FBI surveillance files ran to more than 300 pages. By the mid-1950s, Angelucci had moved on from his job at Lockheed and he and his family were now based out of Twentynine Palms, San Bernadino County, California. And, with his book The Secret of the Saucers on the bookshelves, he was becoming a familiar face at UFO lectures and conferences. It was in this period that Angelucci caught the attention of the FBI – and for a very curious reason. As he became more adept at public speaking, and more comfortable about discussing his claimed encounters with aliens, Angelucci revealed something disturbingly eye-opening. It was something which soon had the Feds on his tail. According to Angelucci, as his profile as one of the Contactees grew and grew, he found himself approached on several occasions by what he described as a “subversive element.”On occasion, those approaches were made at Giant Rock, California, near to George Van Tassel’s Integratron.
(Nick Redfern)
George Van Tassel’s Integratron
This small group – “foreigners,” as he worded it – first approached Angelucci while he was engaged in a series of lectures along the east coast in the 1950s. Regular UFO enthusiasts, they were certainly not. They did their very best to try and encourage Angelucci to suggest to his listeners and readers that his alien comrades were communists. In correspondence with Jim Moseley, who, as we have seen, spent time addressing the matter of a communist plot to manipulate the U.S. UFO scene, Angelucci claimed that this “gang of four,” as we might describe them, bought him dinner on three occasions and plied him with plentiful amounts of booze, in plush, New York hotels and bars. Angelucci admitted to Moseley that he was “flattered” by the attention, but remained very uneasy about the agenda. Angelucci would later say of this curious affair: “Failing in their desperate attempts to convert me to communism and slant my talks along the Party Line, they invariably defiantly demanded: ‘Well, then, just what do you think is wrong with Communism?'” Angelucci was a scared man.
(Nick Redfern)
Shortly before Angelucci publicly revealed that a certain “subversive element” was mixing and stirring left-wing, extremist politics with extraterrestrials, the FBI came knocking on the front-door of the Angelucci home. While we don’t know the full story, we do at least have the bones of it, thanks to Jim Moseley. According to what Angelucci told Moseley, a pair of FBI agents visited Angelucci at his Twentynine Palms home, telling him that they had heard of the actions of this east coast group – from who, though, was something that the FBI was not prepared to reveal. The questions posed to Angelucci were many: How did he first meet the group? Did they give their names? Were they Americans? Did they offer him money to slant his tales down a politically-driven path? The list of questions went on and on. Angelucci – admittedly scared out of his wits by the fact that the FBI was onto him, even though he hadn’t really done anything wrong – blurted out just about all that he could. The group had first approached him, in an overly friendly fashion, at a lecture in New York, he told the special-agents. No names were ever given to him, but all four were well-dressed, all seemed to be around the forty-mark, and all had overseas accents. No money ever crossed hands. They invited Angelucci to dinner, which he accepted, admittedly intrigued by the prospect of developing new contacts. It was over dinner that the matter of communism surfaced its head. This mysterious group wanted Angelucci to present his lectures in a fashion that suggested the aliens were communists – and that communism was a good thing. No wonder the FBI opened a file on the man. There’s something else, though: on October 24, 2017, the FBI informed UFO researcher John Greenewald that Angelucci had indeed been the subject of a Bureau file, but that it was destroyed on October 30, 2009.
Dit is de eerste sterrenfoto van de James Webb-telescoop
De Amerikaanse ruimtevaartorganisatie NASA heeft een nieuwe foto vrijgegeven, gemaakt door de James Webb Space Telescoop. Om de spiegels juist af te stellen legden ze de ster 2MASS J17554042+6551277 vast op beeld. Het resultaat overtrof alle verwachtingen.
Martijn Peters
“Meer dan twintig jaar geleden nam het James Webb-team zich voor om de krachtigste ruimtetelescoop ooit te bouwen en bedacht vervolgens een gewaagd optisch ontwerp om de veeleisende missiedoelen te kunnen behalen. Vandaag kunnen we stellen dat dit ontwerp zijn vruchten afwerpt.” Met deze veelbelovende woorden stuurde NASA een nieuwe foto van de James Webb Telescoop de wereld in.
Sinds de aankomst van de ruimtetelescoop op zijn eindbestemming is een team van wetenschappers bezig om de 18 spiegels van het toestel af te stellen zodat ze samen als één grote spiegel werken. Ze zijn nu zo ver gevorderd dat ze er in geslaagd zijn om een foto te maken van een ruimteobject, de ster 2MASS J17554042+6551277, met de Near-Infrared camera. Dit is één van de belangrijkste instrumenten aan boord van de James Webb telescoop. Het resultaat is een nu al iconisch beeld waarop niet enkel de ster te zien is maar ook tientallen sterrenstelsels op de achtergrond. Daarnaast gaf NASA ook nog een selfie vrij van de spiegels van de James Webb.
De afstelling is zo goed verlopen dat wetenschappers verwachten dat de telescoop zijn ambitieuze missiedoelen gaat halen of zelfs zal overtreffen. Als dit nog maar een voorproefje is, dan kunnen we niet wachten als de James Webb ruimtetelescoop echt aan de slag gaat. Dat zal wel nog even duren. Het team moet in de komende maanden nog andere instrumenten afstellen. Als alles volgens schema verloopt zouden de eerste ‘echte’ opnamens in de zomer gemaakt worden.
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If You See This While Swimming, Its Game Over
If You See This While Swimming, Its Game Over
A visit to the beach is something we often look forward to. There’s nothing quite like letting off some steam by just sitting on the coastline and enjoying the view of the sea and the waves crashing. But sometimes, an innocent wave might drop off something unexpected and take you by surprise.
SpaceX schedules spy satellite, NASA astronaut launches on the same day
SpaceX schedules spy satellite, NASA astronaut launches on the same day
The US National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) has confirmed that its next spy satellite is scheduled to launch on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket on the same day the company is planning to launch four NASA and ESA astronauts.
Following SpaceX’s flawless NROL-87 spy satellite launch last month, the NRO has announced that the company is on track to launch NROL-85 – another one or several unknown but potentially related spy satellites – as early as April 15th. Less than two hours prior, NASA simultaneously confirmed that SpaceX is on track to launch Crew-4 – the agency’s fourth operational astronaut transport mission – on April 15th.
Technically, SpaceX has already successfully conducted multiple pairs of launches less than 24 hours apart. The company’s all-time record is 15 hours between a Starlink mission and a Turkish communications satellite launch. More recently, SpaceX launched NROL-87 and a different Starlink mission just 22 hours apart. Lacking a specific launch time for NROL-85, Crew-4 could launch as many as 15 hours later and still occur on the same day. As such, there is plenty of precedent for same-day launches.
However, according to one Twitter user, also a fairly reliable source for SpaceX’s launch scheduling and activities, NROL-85 is actually scheduled to launch as early as ~7am PST (10 am EST) on Friday, April 15th – perhaps as few as two hours after Crew-4’s ~8am EST launch.
Launching an NRO spy satellite or commercial communications satellites shortly before or after an internal Starlink mission is one thing. Launching an NRO spy satellite and a crew of NASA and ESA astronauts hours apart for two of SpaceX’s most risk-averse customers – both of which had to sign off on the concurrence – is, however, an entirely different story. Obviously, still a month away from either launch, the odds are good that one or both missions will run into minor delays, spreading them more than two hours apart. Already, in 2022, SpaceX briefly had NROL-87 and Starlink 4-7 scheduled to launch just two hours apart before the Starlink mission was delayed for unknown reasons, resulting in a 22-hour gap instead.
Nonetheless, NASA, the NRO, and SpaceX have still intentionally scheduled Crew-4 and NROL-85 mere hours apart, which means that they have accepted the possibility that both launches might happen exactly as planned. In other words, two of SpaceX’s most exacting, cautious launch customers have full confidence in the company’s ability to launch two high-value Falcon 9 missions a few hours apart – high praise for a launch capability only a few national space agencies have been able to actually demonstrate.
Beyond Crew-4 and NROL-85, SpaceX is scheduled to launch Starlink 4-12 NET March 18th, Axiom-1 – the first fully private crewed mission to the International Space Station (ISS) – NET March 30th, and Transporter-4 – SpaceX’s fourth dedicated rideshare mission – NET “early April”. Next Spaceflight also reports that SpaceX is scheduled to launch Germany’s SARah 1 radar satellite, two batches of O3B mPOWER communication satellites, and Egypt’s Nilesat-301 geostationary communication satellite in April.
Anunnaki Exodus: Why Did the Leave Nibiru for Earth? Are They Still Here? A New Sumerian Paradigm For All
Anunnaki Exodus: Why Did the Leave Nibiru for Earth? Are They Still Here? A New Sumerian Paradigm For All
To the Anunnaki Sumerians, Nibiru was the celestial body associated with Marduk. The name means ‘crossing place’ or ‘place of transition’ in Akkadian. Most Sumerian texts refer to it as a planet. It may be located near Thuban or Kochab (Ursa Minor) in the Enuma Elish, which at the time was the pole star.
Nibiru derives from Sumerian cuneiform writings that date back 9,000 years. Nibiru means “Planet of the Crossing” in cuneiform, and its cuneiform sign was usually a cross, or a winged disc. Sumerians lived in fertile lands between the Euphrates and Tigris rivers, in the south of today’s Iraq.
Annunaki – 450,000 years ago our ancestors descended from the heavens to engineer the first human beings. To us they were Giants that ruled as Gods over mankind. Now new evidence and scientific research acknowledges their existence on earth but reveals when they will return.
The truth of their real origin and purpose is much more bizarre and amazing than anything previously believed. From the Garden of Eden to the Great Flood; from the God of the Bible to the secrets of Enoch all shall be revealed. 2017 Philip Gardener
ESA’s Gaia Just Took a Picture of L2 Neighbor JWST
ESA’s Gaia Just Took a Picture of L2 Neighbor JWST
Oh, hello there new neighbor! In February, the Gaia spacecraft took a picture of its new closest companion in space at the second Lagrangian point, the James Webb Space Telescope.
Gaia is an optical telescope that is mapping out our galaxy by surveying the motions of more than a thousand million stars. Astronomers for the mission realized that once JWST reached L2, it would be in Gaia’s field of view. It spied JWST when the two spacecraft were a million km apart.
This image shows the relative sizes and locations of the Gaia orbit (yellow) and the Webb orbit (blue/white). In this view Earth is located to the left, not far outside of the frame. Gaia’s Lissajous loops have L2 right in their center, while Webb’s halo orbit loops are closer to Earth by about 100,000 km on average.Credit: ESA/Gaia/DPAC.
Both spacecraft are located in orbits around the Lagrange point 2 (L2), 1.5 million km from Earth in the direction away from the Sun. Gaia has been there since 2014, and Webb arrived in January 2022. The two spacecraft aren’t quite in the same orbit, though. Gaia orbits L2 in a Lissajous orbit — a kind of boxy-shaped orbit — while JWST orbits L2 in a halo orbit, which has a more oval shape to the path it takes. L2 is not a fixed point in space, but follows the Earth around the Sun, always opposite from the Sun.
A few weeks before Webb’s arrival at L2, Gaia astronomers Uli Bastian of Heidelberg University (Germany) and Francois Mignard of Nice Observatory (France) realized that during Gaia’s continuous scanning of the entire sky, its new neighbor should occasionally cross Gaia’s fields of view.
They determined the first time they’d have the possibility of taking a picture of JWST would be February 18, 2022.
JWST appears as a tiny speck of light, as astronomers said that very little reflected sunlight came Gaia’s way from the new telescope.
Gaia’s sky mapper image showing the James Webb Space Telescope. The reddish colour is artificial, chosen just for illustrative reasons. The frame shows a few relatively bright stars, several faint stars, a few disturbances – and a spacecraft. It is marked by the green arrow.Credit: ESA.
Additionally, Gaia is not really designed to take real pictures of celestial objects. Instead, it collects very precise measurements of their positions, motions, distances, and colors. But one of the instruments uses a type of finder scope as its sky mapper, and that’s the instrument that took the picture of Webb.
Every six hours, Gaia’s sky mapper scans a narrow 360-degree strip around the entire celestial sphere. The successive strips are slightly tilted with respect to each other, so that every few months the entire sky is covered, with Gaia gathering data on everything that’s bright enough to be seen by the spacecraft’s instruments.
ESA said the sky mapper instrument was originally planned for technical servicing and engineering purposes, but during the eight-year mission they’ve also found some scientific uses for it. They decided, why not use it for a snapshot of Webb?
After the sky mapper took the picture, and the raw data was sent back to Earth, it took a few days for astronomers to find and then verify the small dot in one photo was indeed JWST.
ESA said Francois Mignard sent an email to all people involved, with an enthusiastic subject line: “JWST: Got it!!”
Maybe every spacecraft should have a buddy to keep tabs on, out there in the great beyond.
Hybrids are Real, They're Testing Humans Abilities, Abductee Wes Roberts
Hybrids are Real, They're Testing Humans Abilities, Abductee Wes Roberts
Wes Roberts has had experiences with Non Human Beings for Decades. Throught years of hynotic regressions and documenting physical affects, Mr Roberts has a compelling case of ET Abductions, Contact & Hybridizaion Programs.
Wes is a long-term contract college professor, teaching computer applications, business writing, and transcription to his students. In addition, he is an author, writer, and virtual assistant. Mr. Roberts also has a company that offers app training, business, blogging, and social media content writing.
Mr. Roberts is active in the UFO/Experiencer communities, having co-hosted and periodically appeared as a guest on Lesley Mitchell-Clarke’s BlogTalkRadio show called Contact. Currently, Lesley and Wes conduct interviews for their YouTube-based Contact TV channel. Some of Wes’ abduction and experiencer accounts have appeared in Terror In The Night I – Alien Abduction Exposed!, the late Bob Mitchell’s What If?: Close Encounters of the Unusual Kind, in the book he co-wrote with Lesley Mitchell-Clarke called Intersections: A True Story of Extraterrestrial Contact, and in his latest book, An Experiencer’s Garden.
If you’re interested in picking up a digital or paper copy of Wes’ latest book, please visit Amazon.com or Amazon.ca (you can also find his earlier book there as well). For a signed copy of Wes’s second book, please send an email to wes@wesgroberts.com.
The Stages of Alien Abduction Notes
Entities Using memories to project images into Abductees
Beings had brown skin and shirtless about 5 ft tall
ET’s create impossible situations
Being put on a Plane before tested with various scenarios
Going into Tunnels and Underground Bases
Early Contact in a farmhouse , telecommunications with the Tall Whites
200 Meter Green Alien Floats Past Space Station On Live Cam! March 15, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News
200 Meter Green Alien Floats Past Space Station On Live Cam! March 15, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: March 15, 2022
Location of sighting: Space station, earths orbit
Now check out this...just when I thought I've seen everything, a giant green alien figure floats past the International Space Station live cam. Yes, you heard me right. A giant green figure with a head that has two round eyes, a small nose, and big grin smile and aa large neck and chin. It also has two ears, both the same size but more like a monkey than a human. A neck attaches to the head and goes down to a huge body. Yeah...I'm sober, but really, what the hell is going on? I have never seen this in my 15 years of watching the space station cam! This is strange! I have no explanation for it. What you see is what it is. The space station is about 109 meters across, this alien figure is at least twice that at 200 meters. Wow, if this is an alien entity, it's godlike in its size, but hey, at least its smiling, which tells me its in a good mood. And its looking right at the space station...watching as it passes him. This is an infrared camera...and I have said for decades if you want to catch a UFO, use an infrared camera, it cuts through any cloaks of invisibility. Don't believe me, look into IR camera abilities. They can see through ink spilled on a newspaper, they can see through clouds, though reflections on water. Its amazing.
Guys, check this out, I was looking at the Apollo 15 image atlas and decided to use an old CSI technique I invented about twelve years ago. The technique is simple, put your phone on camera, turn off flash and take a photo of the computer screen. It actually focuses any object which are out of focus. So it makes it 10% more focused!
I made it easy to see by circling the most obvious structures, easier for the novice to see. However the every thing outside the circle that is black...is structures. The red circles only show 5% of the structures, 95% are still in the photo waiting for you to see them.
Anyways, I found some structures...actually I found a city. All the black objects are structures. There are a lot of them, and they all look like they were grown...yes, bio-mechanically grown! It's faster and they heal themselves if areas get damaged later. The structures are are highly detailed, however many people cannot see detail in black and white photos, if that is the case, that person needs to look at the photo for about 5-15 minutes until their eyes adjust to to differences.
This is more than just proof that intelligent aliens exist, its proof that there are entire cities on our moon, and thats why we never were allowed to return.
The continued research on the ancient discoveries has always stunned the archaeologists who are trying hard to collect information about previous civilizations on Earth. The Egyptian type pyramids are found around the world and share a link between different cultures that existed thousands of miles from each other. Since the 20th century, amazing ancient artifacts have been discovered underwater that include lost cities and pyramids.
In 1992, an experienced diver named Geng Wei from China discovered handcraft flagstones and stone strips at the bottom of Fuxian Lake in the Yunnan Province. Geng accidentally discovered a large pyramid and a lost sunken city that supposedly belonged to the ancient Yunnan civilization during the Han dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE).
Fuxian Lake covers an area of 212 square kilometers, stretching through Chenjiang, Jianchuan, and Huaning Counties in Yunnan Province. The lake has a depth of 155 meters that makes it the deepest lake in the Yunnan Province. Besides, it is the third deepest freshwater lake in China.
Geng heard the legends about the lake that said people could see an impression that resembled a city under the lake from the mountains. Did he discover the ancient lost city? To get assurance, he dove 35 times underwater and explored the lake’s bottom. After surveying, he called the experts from Yunnan Province.
Fuxian Lake, Yunnan Province, China
Ancient astronaut theorist Giorgio A. Tsoukalos said: “What he saw was quite extraordinary. Handcrafts limestones, roads, buildings, and it as if he had discovered an underwater. The clearest evidence of dwellings at the bottom of a lake. It was built when there was even not a lake and that would mean, we are talking about the time before the last ice age.”
In the early 2000s, a Chinese submarine archaeology team conducted an investigation under Fuxian Lake and concluded that the underwater site had two large buildings that were built on huge stone slabs, similar to Mayans, a colosseum-like structure and another structure that resembled a pyramid.
Flagstones and stone strips at the bottom of Fuxian Lake in the Yunnan Province
The pyramid at the bottom of Fuxian Lake was built of huge stone slabs with mysterious engravings. It seemed to be even more advanced than Egyptian pyramids.
The Epoch Times writes: “Amongst the many engraved stones, one stone has attracted particular attention. On the top right of the stone is carved a small circle surrounded by seven radial lines, resembling the Sun. On the left side of the stone is carved a similar circle, but with only four radial lines.”
Experts believe that the sun-like symbol on the stones is very rare and could be even older than 1,800 years.
It would be impossible to install such blocks without special equipment, as well as to bring them to their existing form. The top, consisting of two steps, was lined with sandstone and therefore collapsed. A stronger limestone foundation survived and was found.
Sonar technique used to survey the sunken city beneath the lake
Sonar technique showed that the city covers an area of 10.8 million square feet. It was said that the pyramid might have been as old as the Egyptian pyramids and taller than some of them. Archeologists managed to find out that the massive blocks have a bonding composition with each other, reminiscent of cement. There are no gaps between the huge stone blocks.
Chinese researchers also discovered some handmade stone artifacts such as clay pots beneath the lake. From the carbon dating method, the sunken city was estimated to be 1750 years old. It is assumed that the under-lake structures were constructed by the Dian people who were good at metalworking. As the Han dynasty expanded towards Yunnan province, the ancient Dian kingdom assimilated into it and disappeared by 109 BCE.
A computerized model of the underwater pyramid and surrounding city at the bottom of Fuxian Lake
Ancient astronaut theorists suggested that the lake could be the base for UFOs. There is a legend behind Fuxian Lake. According to a book titled “Cheng Jang Fu Zhi” written during the reign of Emperor Daoguang, “a flying horse-like animal that lived in the lake, described as white with red spots on its back. More intriguingly, it was a creature that could actually take to the skies. This suggests it may have been part-USO, part-UFO.”
A disk-shaped UFO was even seen by a fisherman named Zhang Yuxiang at the lake that rose from the underwater on October 24, 1991. He described the UFO as a shiny disk that tossed his boat by creating strong waves into the water.
After this amazing underwater discovery of pyramids and cities, a lot of questions have arisen. Who built that city? Why is there no record of it in the ancient Chinese texts? What happened to its inhabitants? Is it possible that the city existed before the last ice age?
It’s a fact that the origins ofArea 51 date back to the early years of the Second World War. The Nevada Test and Training Range soon came to fruition and planted the seeds for what would come in the mid-1950s: Area 51. Highly advanced aircraft, such as the U-2, the SR-71 Blackbird, the Stealth Fighter and the Stealth Bomber were all secretly test-flown from Area 51. Probably the almost legendary Aurora, too. In that sense, many might say, there is no doubt that Area 51 has a valid reason for keeping just about everything under wraps. Indeed, considering the fact that those aforementioned aircraft were being built, tested, and flown when the Cold War was still in place and the Soviet Union had still yet to fall, one can easily see why measures would be taken to ensure that the U.S. Government’s most advanced aircraft would be subject to incredible secrecy. But, is there just too much secrecy for a squadron or several of radical, futuristic aircraft? Maybe. Perhaps not. As we have seen over the years and decades, there is one thing – more than any other – that sets Area 51 apart from just about every other military or government facility in the United States: it’s the sheer extent of the government’s determination to make sure that absolutely nothing gets out of Area 51 and no-one gets in. Of course, and particularly so in today’s climate of uncertainty and threats of nuclear attacks, everyone needs to be vigilant. And that includes everyone who works out at Area 51, too. They are, when all is said and done, just like us, regular people with lives and families. The big difference, though, is that they know the reasons for so much secrecy and we don’t.
Area 51 site map, as depicted in declassified CIA documents released via its CREST program
It would be hard – in fact, impossible – to find a military installation in the United States that protects its secrets to a greater degree than Area 51. People have been forced to leave their homes and their land – solely due to U.S. Government concerns and worries that those same people just might see something they shouldn’t see. Those who stray too close to portions of the Nevada desert that the staff of Area 51 would prefer to keep under wraps risk large fines, imprisonment and even death, and all in the name of national security. Aircraft are banned from flying close to or over Area 51. They can even be shot down out of the sky, if circumstances dictate and warrant such drastic action. When, in 1974, NASA’s astronauts on-board Skylab took an aerial photo of the base, all hell broke loose in the defense- and intelligence-based communities of the United States. The CIA and the Department of Defense quickly got involved. Major concerns were expressed about how on Earth (or, in this case, off it) such a thing could have happened. Secret files were created, most of which have never publicly surfaced. Motion-detector equipment peppers the landscape. Cameras are everywhere. Guards patrol the local roads for any perceived suspicious characters. Night-vision technology ensures that no-one can penetrate the base in the early hours of the morning.
The government practically refuses to acknowledge not just the existence of Area 51, but even its name. That same government refused to offer help on the 1996 movie Independence Day, and all because a substantial portion of the movie revolved around Area 51 and the 1947 incident at Roswell, New Mexico. All of the above is astonishing. No facility in the United States comes even close to the level of secrecy and paranoia that surrounds Area 51. That brings up an important question: is all of this overwhelming secrecy just in place to protect next-generation after next-generation of aircraft? Or, are the rumors and the whispers true? You know the ones, of course: the claims that deeply hidden at Area 51 are the remains of the Roswell wreckage, recovered flying saucers, and alien corpses. Maybe, even living aliens are at the base, too. Regardless of where you, me and everyone else stands on the matter of what goes on at Area 51, there can be no doubt that it is the UFO-driven rumors and revelations which attract so much attention. Certainly, there’s no doubt that it was Bob Lazar who, in the late 1980s, set the wheels in motion for the controversy to begin and for the media and the public to sit up and take notice. And, as we have seen, accounts relative to aliens and UFOs – all in relation to area 51 – abound, and have done so for decades.
Consider the following: Annie Jacobsen’s source, Alfred O’Donnell, told her that the Roswell wreckage and the grossly mutated human crew were secretly transferred to the Nevada Test and Training Range in 1951, after previously being secretly stored at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio. The story suggest the bodies may well still be stored there. Perhaps in a museum-like state. The alleged May 1953 crash of a UFO in Kingman, Arizona also had a connection to the Nevada Test and Training Range. The so-called “alien interview” footage led many to believe that living aliens are housed somewhere at Area 51. Boyd Bushman told incredible stories of alien life and Area 51 connections. But, it was Bob Lazar – more than anyone else – who defined the beliefs and suspicions, and who still defines those beliefs and suspicions about Area 51. Another thing: we should note there are certain threads running through the tales of UFOs at Area 51 that should make us cautious of what we are told. Let’s not forget that Lazar, himself, told of how his mind may have been messed with – possibly using updated MK-Ultra-type technologies. Certain portions of his memories were wiped clean. He felt that his very brief glimpse of a small creature at S-4 may have been a staged event; an event designed to make him think that live extraterrestrials were hidden at the base, when they may not have been.
Note: The CIA document above was created by the U.S. Government. It is in the public domain, having been released by the terms of the U.S. Freedom of Information Act.
There can be no doubt that the alien angle of the history of Area 51 excites many. Maybe that’s what the U.S. Government is counting on. After all, not even the power of all the military-, defense-, and intelligence-based agencies in the United States can prevent a few leaks of classified information. So, perhaps to keep eager Ufologists away from stumbling on covert programs concerned with new aircraft designs, next-generation weapons-systems, mind-control techniques and more of a down to earth nature, they swamp those same Ufologists with enticing tales of extraterrestrial conspiracies, the Roswell affair, and interviews with a sickly creature from another world. For the people at Area 51, it may be a case of this: if you can’t plug the genuine leaks, then swamp them with far more tantalizing and enticing tales of E.T. A good argument could be made that this is exactly what has happened. At times, the targeted people might have been patriotic American citizens who overstepped the mark in their quests to find out if alien life really does hang out at Area 51. On other occasions, and particularly during the Cold War, the targets may have been Soviet spies, seeking the very same answers. Dangling an alien carrot – so to speak – would be the perfect way to reel in and arrest eager Russian agents. And if that carrot never really existed – except in the minds of those running the disinformation programs – then all the better.
Something that dates back decades has prompted the U.S. Government to turn Area 51 into a veritable impenetrable fortress, to steal peoples’ land and kick them to the curb, to threaten inquisitive souls at gunpoint, to chastise NASA for daring to take an overhead photo of the base, and to try and bully Hollywood movie-makers from making references to the installation. Is this all about secret aircraft? Aliens? Both? Even after the wild ride that this article details, we still don’t know. It is, perhaps, highly appropriate to end this article with the words of David Duchovny’s character of FBI Special-Agent Fox Mulder in The X-Files. Episode seventeen of the first season is titled “E.B.E.,” (which is said to be an abbreviated term used by staff at Area 51 to describe aliens: “Extraterrestrial Biological Entities”). As the episode comes to an end, Mulder says to one of his well-informed sources on the inside, dubbed Deep Throat, “I’m wondering which lie to believe.” We can all surely relate to that. Unfortunately, though, it doesn’t make things any easier for us. But, for “THEM?” Hell, yes!
Show a family photo to Scott C. Waring of UFO Sightings Daily and he will probably point out a UFO In the sky, an alien standing next to Uncle Harry and possibly some red eyes signifying your mother-in-law really is possessed by a demon. Waring spends much of his time magnifying NASA images of the Moon and Mars and Google images of Earth and he occasionally finds anomalies that make one go “Hmmm” … while making Waring go “Alien!” That happened this week when a speck on a Google Earth image of water off the coast of Peru had him declaring it was a five-mile-wide UFO on the bottom of the ocean … or the remains of Atlantis.
“Now there is a 7km UFO sitting at the bottom of the ocean. It next to a very mysterious location…Nazca, Peru famous for the giant drawings in the dirt that are hundreds of meters long. Those Nazca lines are said to be drawings to welcome the god. Back then such alien technology flying though the sky could easily be mistaken for gods. Its obvious that the two are connected.”
Obvious? What’s obvious is that Waring can really find the anomalies and that this one is off the coast of Peru … which is home to the mysterious Nazca lines. Does that mean they’re somehow connected? Peru is home to a lot of other things – could this also be an ancient llama corral? One doesn’t need to squint to see a slight resemblance to a UFO (Waring is kind enough to make his photos available to the media) but that doesn’t make it one. He obviously knew you skeptics would think that, so he provides an alternative explanation.
“As I remember, this circular shape is also the right size and shape to be the lost city of Atlantis, which I have long believed to be and alien ship that was floating on the ocean, then later submerged.”
Did Plato say Atlantis was five miles wide, a perfect circle … and located in the Pacific off the coast of South America? Even the esteemed Greek philosopher would facepalm at that broad connection of dots, but that is Waring’s calling card. If you’re not impressed, try spotting the anomaly for yourself on the original Google photo. Even if you manage to find it, does it convince you, as it does Waring, that this is “100% proof of ancient aliens”? Now that you can see it magnified on his site, what do you think it is? An unusual formation on the bottom of the ocean?
Scott C. Waring is a master at locating anomalies and his interpretations of photos and videos are quite entertaining. One of these days, he may be right.
Vlieg binnenkort zelf mee rond de maan met de eerste vlucht van het Artemis-programma
Er altijd al van gedroomd om mee te vliegen naar de maan? Dat kan! Binnenkort kan je meevliegen met de eerste vlucht van het Artemis-programma rond de maan. Althans een boardingpass met jouw naam erop kan mee de ruimte in. Dat meldt NASA op hun website.
Met deze missie gaat het Artemis-programma echt van start. De Verenigde Staten willen daarmee weer met mensen naar de maan, onder wie de eerste vrouw. Deze eerste vlucht zal een onbemande vluchttest zijn van de Space Launch System-raket en het Orion-ruimtevaartuig. Dit is de eerste keer dat dit wordt getest. Het doel van het Artemis-programma is om een langdurige menselijke aanwezigheid op de maan op te bouwen voor de komende decennia.
Al zal de Artemis 1 dus niet volledig ‘onbemand’ vliegen, want via een boardingpass met jouw naam erop kan je meevliegen naar de maan. Via de website van NASA kan je je naam achterlaten, die wordt dan op een flash drive gezet die aan boord van de Artemis 1 zal vliegen.
It’s Springtime on Mars, and the Dunes are Defrosting
It’s Springtime on Mars, and the Dunes are Defrosting
Nothing says springtime on Mars like defrosting dunes.
In Mars’ northern hemisphere, springtime has arrived, and observations from the HiRISE (High Resolution Imaging Experiment)onboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has captured partially defrosted dunes on the western slope of dunes inside Kaiser Crater.
In the winter, the dark sand dunes are covered in a blanket of white seasonal ice, which you can see in the image below. But this image actually shows the beginning of Martian springtime, where the sunny side of the dunes had just begun to thaw. The lead image shows even further thawing, with the darker dunes showing through.
Ice covered dunes in Kaiser Crater on Mars. Credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona.
“Bright patches of frost (white in enhanced color) are clearly visible and are made up of water and carbon dioxide ices,” writes HiRISE team member Susan J. Conway. “Dark streaks of sand have flowed down the dune’s slope that sometimes covers the frost. These flows are caused by the rapid transformation of the frost from ice to gas as the sun heats the dune in the spring.”
Dunes form from Martian winds whipping across the loose regolith inside the crater.
Kaiser Crater is 207 km (129 miles) in diameter and is located in Noachis Terra west of Hellas Planitia in Mars’ northern hemisphere. This sand dune field is one of several regions of sand dunes located in the southern part of the crater floor.
You Won’t Believe What’s Buried Under the Sahara…Hidden Lost Ancient Civilizations via Bright Insight
You Won’t Believe What’s Buried Under the Sahara…Hidden Lost Ancient Civilizations via Bright Insight
The world’s largest non-polar desert, is actually the widespread burial grounds of countless, mysteriously unknown, ancient ruins & civilizations, that have long since been forgotten, having been consumed and hidden by the sands of time, thousands of years ago. And here’s the thing…when I say “thousands of years ago”…that’s the part where things start to get really strange…
I’m Jimmy Corsetti, and my channel is called Bright Insight.
Ancient Alien Pyramid Found On Mars, Measures 10km across! Photos, UFO Sighting News.
Ancient Alien Pyramid Found On Mars, Measures 10km across! Photos, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: March 16, 2022
Location of discovery: Mars, 166km above Dorsa Brevia
Google Map coordinates: 70°55'30.87"S 72°29'54.06"E
Hey guys, check this out. I found a four sided pyramid on Mars using Google Earth map. Each corner edge to top measures 5km long, so thats about 3km tall at least. Go big or go home huh? Aliens often go big. Why? They don't do the work, they have AI robots create the structures they want and the time it takes to finish it means little to the aliens since most species will live forever. We measure days, months, years of time being huge amounts of time...because we measure it to our own lifetime...the amount of time we expect ourselves to live. Thats about 75-85 years on average. But if you were an alien, you might have all the time in the universe.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:Ruins, strange artifacts on other planets, moons, ed ( Fr, EN, NL )
Plane passenger films a UFO over Switzerland
Plane passenger films a UFO over Switzerland
Apassenger onboard a commercial flight captured the moment the aircraft came within striking distance of an unidentified flying object (UFO).
The passenger was onboard a Singapore Airlines flight on 17 January, 2022 and began filming the plane’s descent into Zurich, Switzerland, through the window.
At first the video, filmed between 7.20 and 7.50am, simply shows the picturesque landscape, complete with lakes and fields, but after the aircraft tilts to the right, a white object can be seen streaking across the sky just below its flight path.
NASA Claim To Have “Lost” Important Wreckage From The Kecksburg UFO Incident
NASA Claim To Have “Lost” Important Wreckage From The Kecksburg UFO Incident
During an investigation into an UFO crash in Kecksburg, Pennsylvania, Ben Hansen discovers an admission from the US government that NASA “lost” key evidence regarding the case.
A Tiny Asteroid was Discovered Mere Hours Before it Crashed Into the Earth
A Tiny Asteroid was Discovered Mere Hours Before it Crashed Into the Earth
Last week, a small asteroid was detected just two hours before it impacted Earth’s atmosphere. Luckily, it was only about 3 meters (10 feet) wide, and the space rock, now known as 2022 EB5 likely burned up in Earth’s atmosphere near Iceland at 21:22 UTC on March 11.
While it is wonderful that astronomers can detect asteroids of that size heading towards our planet, the last-minute nature of the discovery definitely causes a pause. What if it had been bigger?
While every day, Earth gets bombarded with more than 100 tons of dust, sand-sized particles, those objects never reach the ground – they only give us spectacular ‘shooting stars’ or meteor showers we can safely enjoy.
NASA says about once a year, an asteroid about the size of 2022 EB5 (approximately the size of a car) hits Earth’s atmosphere, creates a really impressive fireball, and burns up before reaching the surface. Any asteroids smaller than about 20 meters (about 65 feet) will most likely burn up as they enter the Earth’s atmosphere and if what survives as smaller meteorites hit the ground, they cause little or no damage. But not always.
The epic airburst over Chelyabinsk as captured via dashcam.
The Chelyabinsk meteor, which broke up over Russia in 2013, was approximately 20 meters (65 feet) across, or the size of a six-story building. Barreling through the atmosphere, it unleashed an intense shock wave that shattered windows and collapsed buildings, leaving about 1,200 people injured.
If a rocky meteoroid larger than 25 meters (82 feet) but smaller than one kilometer (a little more than 1/2 mile) were to hit Earth, it would likely cause local damage to the impact area.
Anything larger could cause significant damage. NASA estimates that every 2,000 years or so, a meteoroid the size of a football (300 feet, 100 meters) field hits Earth. In 2019, there was a close-call, where Asteroid 2019 OK – which was an estimated 57 to 130 meters wide (187 to 427 feet), was detected just hours before it made a close pass by Earth, coming within about 73,000 kilometers (45,000 miles). That’s less than one-fifth of the distance to the Moon and is considered uncomfortably close. If an asteroid that size hit Earth, it could wipe out an entire city.
In the case of the recent small asteroid discovery, Hungarian astronomer Krisztián Sárneczky at the Konkoly Observatory near Budapest spied the car-sized 2022 EB5 on March 11, 2022, just two hours before it hit Earth’s atmosphere. Why so late?
As of now, astronomers primarily rely on ground-based observatories to detect asteroids. Small, dark space rocks are difficult to see, since they need to reflect sunlight in order to be visible. Additionally, any object that has an eccentric orbit or that has the Sun blocking its view as it comes toward us are hard to see from Earth.
Earlier this year, NASA announced the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) had become the first survey capable of searching the entire dark sky every 24 hours for near-Earth objects. The system is comprised of four telescopes, two in the northern hemisphere telescopes on Haleakal? and Maunaloa in Hawai’i, and two additional observatories in South Africa and Chile. This all-sky survey joins other networks of observatories that search the skies, including JPL’s Near Earth Object program, the Catalina Sky Survey and PAN-STARRS.
This chart shows how data from NASA’s Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, or WISE, has led to revisions in the estimated population of near-Earth asteroids. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
But astronomers know that dedicated space telescopes are needed to track incoming asteroids and comets. The WISE mission, originally an infrared-wavelength astronomical space telescope that launched in 2009, was reassigned a new mission after its coolant was depleted. In 2013 the spacecraft became NEOWISE, with the goal of helping identify and describe near-Earth objects (NEOs). As of March 2021, the mission had made 1,130,000 confirmed infrared observations of approximately 39,100 objects throughout the solar system.
Artist’s impression of NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft speeding toward the smaller of the two bodies in the Didymos asteroid system. Credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
Lead image caption: 2022 EB5 captured by Paolo Bacci and Martina Maestripieri from at 21h 10min UT, which is 12 minutes before it entered the atmosphere, while it was only 12 300 km form Earth and its apparent speed close to 65?/sec. Credit: P. Bacci, M. Maestripieri
Laura Eisenhower is a Global Alchemist, Researcher and Medical and Intuitive Astrologist. She is an internationally acclaimed speaker who has presented her work world wide. Laura is the great-granddaughter of President Dwight David Eisenhower and she reveals Exopolitical information about his administration, that has been largely held in secrecy. She is considered by many to be one of North Americas leading researchers on: Health, Exopolitics, Alchemy, Metaphysics, and Galactic History. Laura works to free us from the 3-D holographic time-loop,
False Archonic systems and Military Industrial Complex and exposes hidden agendas so we can take our power back. Feeling a calling regarding her mission since she was a child, she has gained incredible insight through her wilderness adventures, psychic development and has been connecting major dots about how to guide us into higher Earth energies.
She has a deep understanding of Gaia-Sophia and our Divine Blueprint and how they connect to the Venus transits, Earth grids, Global Alchemy, DNA & ET races. Her passion is to inspire unity consciousness and bring us back to the Zero point/Unified field, the totality of our divine powers.
Security camera recorded 2 entities descending from the sky, watch the frightened dogs
Security camera recorded 2 entities descending from the sky, watch the frightened dogs
Avideo that was recently released by the Mexican ufologist and journalist Jaime Maussan shows the moment in which two alleged entities descend from the sky in the presence of three dogs that bark at the entities and run frightened by the weird event in San Vicente Chicoloapan, State of Mexico.
“These are two humanoid-shaped entities. They approach a few centimeters from the ground and could possibly have walked ,” narrates the report attributed to journalist Carlos Clemente .
The presumed entities continue moving until they run into a fence and there the recording suffers a cut. "At that moment, the smallest entity is seen completely from the side together with the largest one and it is possible to see them perfectly against the light", explains the narrator and concludes: "It is an extraordinary image that reveals a mysterious aspect of the world that we do not see" reports a local news site.
Shackleton's lost ship is FOUND: Endurance is discovered at the bottom of Antarctica's Weddell Sea, 107 years after it sank – and it's still in remarkable condition - PART II
Shackleton's lost ship is FOUND: Endurance is discovered at the bottom of Antarctica's Weddell Sea, 107 years after it sank – and it's still in remarkable condition - PART II
Endurance has been found 107 years after it became trapped in sea ice and sank off the coast of Antarctica
Sir Ernest Shackleton's wooden ship had not been seen since it sank in Weddell Sea, Southern Ocean in 1915
The Falklands Maritime Heritage Trust said Endurance was discovered at a depth of 9,868 feet (3,008 metres)
Shackleton planned the first land crossing of Antarctica from Weddell Sea via the South Pole to the Ross Sea
Remarkable footage of the wreck shows it has been astonishingly preserved, with the ship's wheel still intact
The Antarctic circumpolar current has acted as barrier to the larvae that could have degraded the ship's wood
The Antarctic circumpolar current — an ocean current that flows clockwise from west to east around Antarctica — has essentially acted as barrier to the larvae of deep-water species that could have eaten away at the ship's wood.
Dr Glover told MailOnline: 'The preservation of Endurance is quite remarkable, but not totally unexpected.
'Tiny "shipworms" — small bivalve molluscs — that normally eat wood in well oxygenated oceans are absent from Antarctica, just as they are absent from the Baltic and Black Seas, other remarkable wooden shipwreck "vaults".
'So the findings from the new discovery are important not just from a historical perspective but also in terms of understanding the ecology and evolution of life in Antarctica. It’s a great day for Antarctic archaeology and science.'
The expedition team has also been filming for a long-form observational documentary chronicling the expedition which has been commissioned by National Geographic to air later this year on Disney+.
Endurance was one of two ships used by the Imperial Trans-Antarctic expedition of 1914-1917, which hoped to make the first land crossing of the Antarctic.
Just as the First World War was breaking out in August 1914, the Endurance's crew set out from London with the lofty ambition of becoming the first to cross the Antarctic continent.
Carrying an expedition crew of 28 men, 69 dogs and one cat, the 144-foot-long Endurance was a three-masted schooner barque sturdily built for operations in polar waters.
Aiming to land at Antarctica's Vahsel Bay, the vessel instead became stuck in pack ice on the Weddell Sea on January 18, 1915 — where she and her crew would remain for many months.
In late October, however, a drop in temperature from 42°F to -14°F saw the ice pack begin to steadily crush the Endurance.
Sadly, Shackleton decided that the mission sled dogs and the tomcat, called Mrs Chippy, that were also on board would not survive the rest of their journey, and had them shot on October 29.
Endurance never reached land and became trapped in the dense pack ice and the 28 men on board eventually had no choice but to abandon ship.
Endurance finally sank on November 21, 1915.
After months spent in makeshift camps on the ice floes drifting northwards, the party took to the lifeboats to reach the inhospitable, uninhabited, Elephant Island. The men had allegedly had to resort to eating bodies of some of the youngest dogs that had been on board.
Most of the men remained at Elephant Island while Shackleton and five others then made an extraordinary 800-mile (1,300 km) open-boat journey in the lifeboat, James Caird, to reach South Georgia, an island in the southern Atlantic Ocean.
Shackleton and two others then crossed the mountainous island to the whaling station at Stromness.
On board the steam tug Yelcho — on loan to him from the Chilean Navy — Shackleton was able to return to rescue the rest of his crew on August 30, 1916.
MRS CHIPPY, ENDURANCE'S CAT
Pictured: Mrs Chippy, ship's cat, standing upon the shoulder of stowaway (and later Endurance's steward) Perce Blackburow
When Endurance sailed for the Antarctic, she carried not only Shackleton and his crew of 27 — but also a cat dubbed 'Mrs Chippy'.
The tiger-striped tabby was, despite its name, actually a male — the moniker came from his habit of dotingly following ship's carpenter Harry 'Chippy' McNish everywhere he went.
'Full of character', Mrs Chippy was described by the expedition as being able to climb the rigging exactly in 'the manner of a seaman going aloft'.
Despite this, poor Mrs Chippy accidentally jumped out of one of Endurance's portholes on September 12, 1914 — but was rescued when watch officer Hubert Hudson heard his cries and turned the ship around to rescue the cat from the water.
Sadly, after the Endurance was crushed by the ice, Shackleton decided that Mrs Chippy — and five of the missions sled dogs — would not survive the rest of their journey, and had them shot on October 29.
Mr McNish never forgave Shackleton for having his beloved cat killed.
View from the side of South African polar research and logistics vessel, S.A. Agulhas II, on the expedition to find the wreck of Endurance
100 after Shackleton’s death, Endurance was found at a depth of 3008 metres in the Weddell Sea, within the search area defined by the expedition team before its departure from Cape Town, and approximately four miles south of the position originally recorded by Captain Worsley
It was Sir Ernest Shackleton’s ambition to achieve the first land crossing of Antarctica from the Weddell Sea via the South Pole to the Ross Sea. Pictured, expedition team on board S.A. Agulhas II gallery
Endurance was one of two ships used by the Imperial Trans-Antarctic expedition of 1914–1917, which hoped to make the first land crossing of the Antarctic. Pictured, expedition team on board S.A. Agulhas II
Pictured is historian Dan Snow on board the South African polar research and logistics vessel, S.A. Agulhas II. Objectives for Endurance22 were to locate, survey and film the wreck
S.A. Agulhas II (pictured) is a South African icebreaking polar supply and research ship owned by the Department of Environmental Affairs
Menson Bound, director of exploration of Endurance22 expedition (left) and John Shears, expedition leader, on the sea ice of Weddell Sea, in the Antarctic with S.A. Agulhas II
Shortly following the Endurance22 expedition setting off in February, SA Agulhas II became stuck in ice at the same spot where Endurance sank over a century ago.
The SA Agulhas II became stuck after the mercury dipped to -18°F (-10°C).
Dan Snow told The Times: 'Clever people did say to me on the way, "How do you know you're not going to get iced in like Shackleton?"
'I said, "Don't worry about that. We've got all the technology." But we are now iced in.'
Fortunately, thanks to technological advances such as mechanical cranes, engine power and a case of aviation fuel, crew members managed to free the vessel.
Left to right: John Shears, expedition leader; Mensun Bound, director of exploration; and Nico Vincent, expedition sub-sea manager, looking at images of Endurance in the control room
Menson Bound, director of exploration of Endurance22 expedition (left) and John Shears, expedition leader, on the sea ice
Following the Endurance22 expedition setting off in February, SA Agulhas II became stuck in ice at same spot where Endurance sank over a century ago. Fortunately, thanks to technological advances such as mechanical cranes, engine power and a case of aviation fuel, crew members managed to free the vessel
Sir Ernest Shackleton: Famed Anglo-Irish Antarctic adventurer
Sir Ernest Shackleton during the 1908 expedition to Antarctica
Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton was an Anglo-Irish Antarctic explorer who led three expeditions to the frozen continent.
He was at the heart of a period in history that later came to be known as the 'Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration'.
Born in Ireland, Shackleton moved to London with his family when he was 10 and first experienced polar climates as an officer on Captain Robert Falcon Scott's Discovery expedition of 1901–1904.
He was sent home early from that expedition after work experiencing poor health that had been ascribed to scurvy. New studies suggest he had beriberi.
During the Nimrod expedition of 1907–1909, Shackleton and his companions created a new recorded of farthest south latitude at 88 degrees south.
Disaster struck his next expedition, the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1914–1917, when the ship, the Endurance, became trapped in pack ice.
The crew were able to escape by launching lifeboats and reaching nearby islands, travelling through stormy oceans for 830 miles.
He returned to the Antarctic for one final time in 1921 with the Shackleton–Rowett Expedition, but died of a heart attack on January 5, 1922, while his ship was moored in South Georgia.
While Shackleton is best known for his exploration, his legacy is also one of enabling a considerable amount of scientific research.
His expeditions helped produce comprehensive scientific and geographical surveys — among which were the first surveys of Antarctica's interior and the effective location of the Magnetic South Pole.
'Shackleton is an iconic figure of Antarctic history with the most incredible legacy of courage and endeavour,' noted the UK Antarctic Heritage Trust's CEO, Camilla Nichol.
'But we sometimes overlook the contribution his expeditions made to science.
'To this day Antarctica is an essential barometer for climate change at the heart of climate science.
'We preserve Shackleton's legacy to inspire the next generation of pioneering scientists and explorers.'
Shackleton's lost ship is FOUND: Endurance is discovered at the bottom of Antarctica's Weddell Sea, 107 years after it sank – and it's still in remarkable condition
Shackleton's lost ship is FOUND: Endurance is discovered at the bottom of Antarctica's Weddell Sea, 107 years after it sank – and it's still in remarkable condition
Endurance has been found 107 years after it became trapped in sea ice and sank off the coast of Antarctica
Sir Ernest Shackleton's wooden ship had not been seen since it sank in Weddell Sea, Southern Ocean in 1915
The Falklands Maritime Heritage Trust said Endurance was discovered at a depth of 9,868 feet (3,008 metres)
Shackleton planned the first land crossing of Antarctica from Weddell Sea via the South Pole to the Ross Sea
Remarkable footage of the wreck shows it has been astonishingly preserved, with the ship's wheel still intact
The Antarctic circumpolar current has acted as barrier to the larvae that could have degraded the ship's wood
The Endurance22 Expedition had set off from Cape Town, South Africa in February this year, a month after the 100th anniversary of Sir Ernest's death on a mission to locate it.
Endurance was found approximately four miles south of the position originally recorded by the ship's captain Frank Worsley, but within the search area defined by the expedition team before its departure from Cape Town.
Back in 1915, Sir Ernest Shackleton and his crew set out to achieve the first land crossing of Antarctica, but Endurance did not reach land and became trapped in dense pack ice, forcing the 28 men on board to eventually abandon ship.
Photo issued by Falklands Maritime Heritage Trust of the stern of the wreck of Endurance, Sir Ernest Shackleton's ship which has not been seen since it was crushed by the ice and sank in the Weddell Sea in 1915
The taffrail, ship's wheel and aft well deck on the wreck of Endurance, Sir Ernest Shackleton's ship, which has been found 100 years after Shackleton's death
The standard bow on the wreck of Endurance, which was found at a depth of 9,868 feet (3,008 metres) in the Weddell Sea, within the search area defined by the expedition team before its departure from Cape Town
Photo issued by Falklands Maritime Heritage Trust of photos, video and laser pictures of Endurance displayed in the control room on board of S.A.Agulhas II during the expedition
Endurance was one of two ships used by the Imperial Trans-Antarctic expedition of 1914-1917, whose goal was to make the first land crossing of the Antarctica. Aiming to land at Vahsel Bay, the vessel became stuck in pack ice in the Weddell Sea on January 18, 1915 — where she and her crew would remain until the ship was crushed and ultimately sank on November 21, 1915
File photo of Sir Ernest Shackleton on board the 'Quest'. 100 years after Shackleton's death, Endurance was found in the Weddell Sea approximately four miles south of the position originally recorded by Captain Worsley
Endurance was one of two ships used by the Imperial Trans-Antarctic expedition of 1914–1917, which hoped to make the first land crossing of the Antarctic. Pictured: a photograph of the vessel stuck in pack ice taken in the October of 1915, a few weeks before she sank
Carrying an expedition crew of 28 men, the 144-foot-long Endurance was a three-masted schooner barque sturdily built for operations in polar waters. Pictured: the Endurance, stuck in pack ice, listing heavily to port
Endurance in full sail in the ice side view Imperial Trans Antarctic Expedition. It's been announced that the wreck of Endurance has been found and is now designated as a protected historic site and monument under the Antarctic Treaty
ENDURANCE STATS
Type: Three-masted schooner barque
Former name: Polaris*
Builder: Framnæs shipyards, Norway
Launched: December 17, 1912
Crew complement: 28
Length: 144 feet (44 metres)
Beam: 25 feet (7.6 metres)
Tonnage: 348 register tons
Propulsion: Steam and sail
Max. speed: 10.2 knots (11.7 mph)
Sank: Weddell Sea, November 21, 1915
Notable features: Strengthened hull and denser framework custom-designed for operation in polar waters
For the mission, the expedition team worked from the South African polar research and logistics vessel, S.A. Agulhas II, assisted by non-intrusive underwater search robots.
The wreck is protected as a Historic Site and Monument under the Antarctic Treaty, ensuring that whilst the wreck is being surveyed and filmed it will not be touched or disturbed in any way, according to the Falklands Maritime Heritage Trust.
The expedition's director of exploration said footage of Endurance showed it to be intact and 'by far the finest wooden shipwreck' he has seen.
'We are overwhelmed by our good fortune in having located and captured images of Endurance,' said Mensun Bound, maritime archaeologist and director of the exploration.
'It is upright, well proud of the seabed, intact, and in a brilliant state of preservation. You can even see Endurance arced across the stern, directly below the taffrail.
'This is a milestone in polar history.'
Bound also paid tribute to the navigational skills of Captain Frank Worsley, the Captain of the Endurance, whose detailed records were 'invaluable' in the quest to locate the wreck.
Dr John Shears, the expedition leader, said his team, which was accompanied by historian Dan Snow, had made 'polar history' by completing what he called 'the world's most challenging shipwreck search'.
'In addition, we have undertaken important scientific research in a part of the world that directly affects the global climate and environment,' Dr Shears said.
Dr Adrian Glover, a deep-sea biologist at the Natural History Museum, not involved with the expedition, led a 2013 research paper predicting very good wood preservation for Endurance, based on experimental work.
Back in 1915, Sir Ernest Shackleton and his crew set out to achieve the first land crossing of Antarctica, but Endurance did not reach land and became trapped in dense pack ice, forcing the 28 men on board to eventually abandon ship
The ship was found approximately four miles south of the position originally recorded by Captain Worsley. Pictured is the the South African polar research and logistics vessel, S.A. Agulhas II
Photo issued by Falklands Maritime Heritage Trust of the South African polar research and logistics vessel, S.A. Agulhas II, on an expedition to find the wreck of Endurance
Bird's eye view shot, taken by drone, of the South African polar research and logistics vessel, S.A. Agulhas II, on the expedition surrounded by ice
Photo issued by Falklands Maritime Heritage Trust of (left to right) John Shears, expedition leader; Mensun Bound, director of exploration; Nico Vincent, expedition sub-sea manager; J.C. Caillens, off-shore manager, holding the first scan of the Endurance wreckage alongside photos from Frank Hurley, the Australian adventurer and official photographer on Sir Ernest Shackleton's Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
Pictured: one of the SAAB Sabertooth autonomous submersibles used by the Endurance22 expedition to search for the wreck of Shackleton's ship
Aiming to land at Vahsel Bay, the vessel became stuck in pack ice on the Weddell Sea on January 18, 1915 — where she and her crew would remain for many months. In late October, however, a drop in temperature from 42°F to -14°F saw the ice pack begin to steadily crush the Endurance — which finally sank on November 21, 1915. Pictured: Anglo-Irish sailor and explorer Frank Wild assessed the wreckage of the Endurance, crushed by tightening pack ice
Endurance was one of two ships used by the Imperial Trans-Antarctic expedition of 1914–1917, whose goal was to make the first land crossing of the Antarctica. Pictured: 20 members of the blighted expedition, seen here during mid-1916, after the loss of the Endurance
Sir Ernest Shackleton's expeditions to cross the ice of Antarctica
Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton led three British expeditions to the Antarctic.
Born in County Kildare, Ireland, his first experience of the polar regions was as third officer on Captain Scott's Discovery expedition from 1901 to 1904.
He had to leave the voyage early for health reasons after the group set a new southern record by marching to latitude 82°S.
During the second expedition on board the Nimrod, between 1907 to 1909, he and three companions established a new record Farthest South latitude at 88°S - 97 geographical miles from the South Pole.
Shackleton returned in 1914 on board the Endurance and became trapped in the ice trying to travel from sea to sea via the the South Pole.
After being rescued during the ill-fated trip, he later went back again in 1921 but died of a heart attack while his ship was moored in South Georgia.
SCHEEPSWRAK ENDURANCE NA RUIM HONDERD JAAR IN UITSTEKENDE STAAT GEVONDEN
SCHEEPSWRAK ENDURANCE NA RUIM HONDERD JAAR IN UITSTEKENDE STAAT GEVONDEN
Tim Kraaijvanger
Honderd jaar na de dood van de beroemde verkenner Ernest Shackleton is zijn schip de Endurance gevonden. Het wrak ligt op een diepte van ruim drie kilometer op de bodem van de Weddellzee.
Het wrak is in een uitstekende staat gevonden door het Endurance22-expeditieteam. “Dit is verreweg het mooiste houten scheepswrak dat ik ooit heb gezien”, vertelt expeditieleider Mensun Bound. In het ijskoude water zijn geen micro-organismen aanwezig die het hout opeten. “Het is zelfs mogelijk om het woord Endurance te zien op de achtersteven. We hopen dat deze vondst er toe leidt dat jonge mensen geïnspireerd worden door de pioniersgeest, moed en vastberadenheid van degenen die aan boord van de Endurance naar Antarctica vaarden.”
“Het is ons gelukt om het wrak te vinden, te onderzoeken en te filmen”, vertelt Donald Lamont, voorzitter van het Falklands Maritime Heritage Trust. “Ook hebben we belangrijk wetenschappelijk onderzoek uit kunnen voeren.” Tijdens de zoektocht naar de Endurance voerden wetenschappers aan boord van de S.A. Agulhas II honderden uren aan wetenschappelijk onderzoek uit, vooral gericht op de invloed van klimaatverandering op het gebied. Zo is er onderzoek gedaan naar de dikte van het zeeijs, drijfijs en weersomstandigheden in de Weddellzee.
De masten van het schip zijn naar beneden geklapt en er is wat lichte schade aan de boeg, maar verder ziet het wrak er goed uit. Aan boord van het schip zijn zelfs laarzen en serviesgoed gevonden.
Deze onderwaterrobot van Saab – de Sabertooth – werd gebruikt om het wrak te vinden.
Het woord Endurance is duidelijk zichtbaar op de achtersteven.
Het stuurwiel is nog steeds in uitstekende staat. Let vooral op de bijzondere details, zoals de onaangetaste dunne latjes boven de ingang van de kajuit
Shackletons expeditie naar Antarctica In 1914 startte Ernest Shackleton een expeditie naar Antarctica. Hij wilde het continent dwars oversteken. Maar al heel vroeg loopt het mis. Het schip van Shackleton – zijn eigen Endurance – komt in januari 1915 vast te zitten in het ijs en vergaat. Met reddingssloepen weet Shackleton het onbewoonde Elephanteiland te bereiken.
Na een aantal maanden op hulp gewacht te hebben, weet Shackleton maar al te goed dat hij die hulp zelf zal moeten zoeken. Hij vaart samen met enkele van zijn sterkste mannen van Elephanteiland naar Zuid-Georgia. Een reis van bijna 1500 kilometer. Vervolgens wachtte Shackleton en zijn mannen een enorme uitdaging: het oversteken van het heuvelachtige Zuid-Georgia om vervolgens bij Stromness uit te komen en vanuit dit station van Noorse walvisvaarders om hulp te vragen. Shackleton redde het en haalde hulp. Alle bemanningsleden werden gered.
Honderd jaar na het overlijden van Shackleton Het is bijzonder dat het wrak van de Endurance in 2022 is gevonden. Precies honderd jaar geleden stierf Shackleton op 47-jarige leeftijd aan een hartaanval. De onderzoeker had een gaatje in zijn hart. “De detectie en behandeling van een atriumseptumdefect is vandaag de dag vrij eenvoudig, maar was voor Shackleton niet mogelijk,” vertelt onderzoeker Ian Calder.
Wie in de grote stad woont, kan erover meepraten: voor een beetje vertier moet je in het centrum zijn. In het Melkwegstelsel is het net zo.
Onze zon bevindt zich in een rustige buitenwijk, maar in het centrum, op zo’n 27.000 lichtjaar afstand, vindt de meeste activiteit plaats.
Deze spectaculaire opname toont de kosmische lichtshow die zich daar afspeelt. Met gewone telescopen is er niet zoveel van te zien: stofwolken blokkeren het zicht op het Melkwegcentrum. In plaats daarvan zien we hier energierijke röntgenstraling (weergegeven in groene, oranje en paarse tinten) en radiostraling (in grijstinten). De foto combineert metingen van NASA’s röntgensatelliet Chandra met waarnemingen van de MeerKAT-radiosterrenwacht in Zuid-Afrika.
Credit: NASA/CXC/NRF
De meeste röntgenstraling is afkomstig van hete gasbellen, lang geleden uitgeblazen door ontploffende sterren, en van kleine, compacte neutronensterren. Maar ook het exacte centrum van de Melkweg produceert röntgenstraling. Die is afkomstig van heet gas dat zich heeft opgehoopt net buiten de rand van een kolossaal zwart gat. Dat zwarte gat is 4,3 miljoen keer zo zwaar als de zon; er zwieren reuzensterren en gasslierten omheen, en regelmatig slokt het materiaal uit zijn omgeving op.
Dat die röntgenstraling in de loop van een dag snelle flikkeringen vertoont, was al bekend. Maar ook op de langere termijn is er sprake van een sterke variabiliteit. Een team van astronomen onder leiding van de El Salvadoriaanse astronoom Alexis Andrés en Nathalie Degenaar van de Universiteit van Amsterdam heeft nu metingen bestudeerd die in de afgelopen vijftien jaar zijn verricht door de Swift-satelliet. Uit hun onderzoek blijkt dat de röntgenlichtshow in het Melkwegcentrum tussen 2008 en 2012 veel minder variabel was dan daarvoor en daarna. Niemand weet nog hoe dat komt.
Een ander onderzoeksteam, onder leiding van Shuo Zhang van het Bard College in de Amerikaanse staat New York, keek naar de reflectie van röntgenlicht door gaswolken op grotere afstand van het zwarte gat. Uit die ‘röntgenecho’s’ leiden Zhang en haar collega’s af dat er aan het begin van de 20ste eeuw, zo’n 110 jaar geleden, een enorm krachtige uitbarsting plaatsgevonden moet hebben.
Het wachten is nu op een nieuwe explosie. Het röntgenbeeld van het Melkwegcentrum zal er dan compleet anders uitzien. Elk moment kan het gebeuren.
Spacecraft from the United States (left) and Russia (middle, right) docked to the International Space Station.
Credit: NASA
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine is redrawing geopolitics not only across the planet, but also in space. International collaborations are being shaken to the core as space agencies and researchers grapple with the ramifications of the war.
Among the biggest questions is the fate of the International Space Station (ISS), the orbiting outpost that is currently home to two Russian cosmonauts, four US astronauts and one European astronaut. Since 2000, when people first moved in, the ISS has generally managed to stay out of Earth-bound politics — but the Ukraine conflict could change that.
“The mood on board is probably similar to here on Planet Earth about this tragic situation,” says John Grunsfeld, a former NASA astronaut. “Keep in mind, the crew does fly over Ukraine and can look down and see the devastation, the fires and the smoke. It must just be very tense.”
Other collaborations in space are also throwing up new challenges, as Russia and Western nations pull out of joint projects. Many that remain face uncertain futures.
The war is ending partnerships that began three decades ago to bridge the divide between Russia and the West. “This will fracture that relationship built after the end of the cold war,” says Asif Siddiqi, a historian at Fordham University in New York City. “When historians look back, it will be 1991 — the collapse of Soviet Union — to 2022.”
Beyond politics?
By design, the ISS relies on Russia working together smoothly with 14 other nations. Part of the station is Russian-built and operated by cosmonauts, and the other part is built and run by the US, European, Japanese and Canadian space agencies. Each is dependent on the other for key services: the NASA-led side of the station provides electrical power to the Russian side, while Russia provides the orbital boosting that is occasionally needed to stop the ISS from falling to lower altitudes and disintegrating in Earth’s atmosphere.
According to NASA, the space station is operating as usual. None of the astronauts or cosmonauts on board has said anything publicly about the invasion of Ukraine. On 9 March, astronaut Matthias Maurer released an upbeat video tour of Europe’s science laboratory on the ISS.
“Astronauts and cosmonauts talk about how human spaceflight is beyond geopolitical tensions, because you can have cooperations that don’t exist on Earth,” says Julie Patarin-Jossec, a sociologist in Paris who has studied the relationships among the ISS partners. But now, “it’s the first time since the cold war that geopolitical tensions on the ground have had a negative impact on human spaceflight”.
Research continues
On Earth, the tensions are more apparent. The head of Russia’s space agency, Dmitry Rogozin, has been posting provocatively on social media, including tweeting a video of technicians taping over the flags of other nations on a Russian-built Soyuz rocket. Meanwhile, a Russian state-owned media organization produced a satirical video showing the Russian components of the ISS detaching from the rest.
Despite this, NASA says that its ISS operations with Russian involvement continue as planned. Three cosmonauts are to launch on a Soyuz rocket to the ISS from Kazakhstan on 18 March, and two cosmonauts and one NASA astronaut will depart the station on a Soyuz and land in Kazakhstan on 30 March.
Research aboard the station seems to be mostly continuing. According to NASA blog posts, astronauts have been working on experiments including into long-term spaceflight health and investigating how flames behave in microgravity. Future experiments continue to be planned, says Douglas Matson, a mechanical engineer at Tufts University in Medford, Massachusetts, who heads an advisory committee for US scientists who want to do research aboard the ISS. “It doesn’t appear that there is any change in the relationships,” he says.
Yet the fate of at least one experiment, the German–Russian plasma crystal laboratory called PK-4, remains uncertain. The project had been co-led by the German Aerospace Center, which has ceased all collaborations with Russia. The European Space Agency (ESA) declined to comment on the status of the experiment.
Partnerships stalled
More broadly, Russia’s space partnerships are fraying along geopolitical lines. The country halted launches from Europe’s spaceport in French Guiana and stopped rocket engine sales to the United States. Rogozin announced on 26 February that Russia would no longer work with NASA on a planned mission to Venus called Venera-D (although the two agencies did not have a formal relationship to do so). ESA is looking for a new ride for its ExoMars rover mission, after its launch aboard a Russian rocket this year was cancelled. And a German astronomy team, led by the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics in Garching, switched off a German-built instrument on the Russian astronomical observatory Spektr-RG halfway through its planned observations.
NASA does, however, continue to rely on a communications system in Russia to help to relay data from its Mars spacecraft back to Earth. The future of that remains unclear. NASA also has four science missions with Russian-led instrument teams, such as the neutron detector on its Curiosity Mars rover. All continue to operate.
In the years to come, Russia’s space agency will probably align itself more strongly with the rising space power of China, Siddiqi says. The two countries are already collaborating on tentative plans for a Moon base. Western and Russian space agencies had been pulling farther apart in recent years, driven in part by personalities such as Rogozin. “The Ukraine invasion just sort of broke it,” Siddiqi says.
Ukraine itself has a large space industry, known for its post-Soviet work on radars, missiles and rockets. The work is centred near the city of Dnipro — where Russian missile strikes have been reported.
Now there is a 7km UFO sitting at the bottom of the ocean. It next to a very mysterious location...Nazca, Peru famous for the giant drawings in the dirt that are hundreds of meters long. Those Nazca lines are said to be drawings to welcome the god. Back then such alien technology flying though the sky could easily be mistaken for gods. Its obvious that the two are connected. As I remember, this circular shape is also the right size and shape to be the lost city of Atlantis, which I have long believed to be and alien ship that was floating on the ocean, then later submerged.
If you look carefully at the 5 mile UFO, you will see a dome structure at its center that is higher than the rest of the disk. Thats the classic disk design we have all heard about.
This disk at the bottom of the ocean is 100% proof of ancient aliens and the technology is just sitting there on the bottom of the ocean.
A Ship From The Bermuda Triangle Reappears in the Desert 90 Years Later
A Ship From The Bermuda Triangle Reappears in the Desert 90 Years Later
The infamous Bermuda Triangle encompasses the western parts of the North Atlantic Ocean. It is quite notorious for mysterious disappearances of several aircrafts and ships. Some people have gone far enough to label it the Devil’s Triangle. Its mysterious character initially came to light in September 1950. Some reputable experts deny the existence of any supernatural powers in this area which lead to suspicious incidents but alot of people worldwide are not convinced especially because of all The mysterious stuff that keeps happening in this one part of our planet. Today, we will talk about the unprecedented disappearances which took place in the Bermuda Triangle.
We live in a world in which secret surveillance is becoming ever-more dominating. Just about every bit of data on our iPhones can be secretly accessed. Our every online activity can be scrutinized behind closed doors. Even our Smart TVs are wide open to hackers. And, who is responsible? The government, of course. As one example: regardless of what you or me think of the Edward Snowden affair and its attendant revelations, the fact is that Snowden demonstrated – to an extraordinary and disturbing degree – just how much of a 1984-like society we have become. And in an incredibly short period of time, too. The National Security Agency and other agencies of government have the ability to penetrate just about every aspect of our private lives: our medical records, where we take our vacations, what books we might buy on Amazon, and more are all issues that can be easily accessed with the right technology. But, it’s not just government that has taken us down apath to an Orwellian nightmare. The surveillance state is now a part of our culture, too: take, for example, the outrageous trend of companies now regularly demanding access to the passwords of the Facebook accounts of their employees.
Of course, the primary reason for such widespread spying – and lying about the spying – is due to the current state of the planet: the war on terror, in other words. When it comes to shutting down terrorist cells, finding and wiping out crazed bombers, and tracking down those who would do us harm, surveillance technology has achieved a great deal. The problem is, though, that it has gone too far. The lunatics are now running the asylum. Common-sense has gone out of the window. Does an eighty-year-old lady – living with just her cat for company – really need to be a victim of data-collection? No. In other words, the surveillance has reached unwarranted, outrageous proportions. All of which sets the scene for a study of another kind of surveillance, one which involves not terrorists – of the foreign or domestic kind – but none other than those people who claim to have been taken away by extraterrestrials. We’re talking about the alien abduction phenomenon. The government secretly spends vast amounts of money on monitoring those who claim to have been kidnapped by strange, unearthly beings with even stranger agendas? Most people would laugh at such a scenario. They shouldn’t though: that is exactly what is going on. And, it has been going on not just for years, but for decades. For some, the dangerous and sinister Men in Black are the cause of all the paranoia. Now, onto UFO paranoia.
(Nick Redfern)
Watching 24/7
All around the world, people have reported close encounters with extraterrestrial entities. Witnesses describe being kidnapped in the dead of night by large-headed, black-eyed creatures from other worlds. Those same creatures have become popularly known as the Greys. People subjected to alien abduction typically report intrusive experiments that revolve around genetics, human reproduction, and even the creation of alien-human hybrids. There is, however, another aspect to the alien abduction controversy. It is, perhaps, the most sinister aspect of all. Abductees very often report being followed and spied upon by military and government personnel. It is typical for abductees to see black helicopters hovering directly over their homes, in intimidating style. Mail is very often intercepted. Letters are opened. Phone-calls are monitored. Emails and social media are hacked into. Strange men dressed in black suits photograph the homes of the abductees. All of which brings us to the matter of what have become known in the domain of alien abduction research as “MILABS,” or “Military Abductions.” According to numerous abductees, after being kidnapped by alien entities, they are shortly afterwards kidnapped again…by the government.
These follow-up MILABS are the work of a powerful group hidden deep within the military and the intelligence community. It is the secret agenda of these highly classified organizations to figure out what the goal of the so-called Greys really is. And, the best way for the government to get the answers is to interrogate and monitor those who have come face-to-face with the UFO phenomenon: the abductees, themselves. The idea that agencies of the U.S. government, the military and the intelligence community are actively and secretly monitoring Americans who have been subjected to the alien abduction experience may sound outlandish to many – perhaps even paranoid. The startling reality, however, is that such a situation is not at all outlandish. And nor is it paranoia-driven. In fact, quite the opposite is the case. It’s very important to note that there is an amazing precedent to the alien abduction controversy and its connections to government spying. It all revolves around what is known as the “Contactee” phenomenon, which had its origins in the early 1950s.
(Nick Redfern)
George Van Tassel’s Integratron, a historic part of the Contactee phenomenon
It was in the summer of 1947 – specifically June 24 – when the UFO phenomenon began. That was the date on which the first report of an encounter with what quickly became known as a Flying Saucer occurred. The witness was a pilot named Kenneth Arnold. He encountered a squadron of such craft near Mt. Rainier, Washington State. In the days and months which followed, more and more sightings of such craft occurred: a phenomenon was born that is still very much with us to this day. But, in those early days, the UFOs hardly ever landed. Even when they did, their crews never exited their craft. That all changed, though, in the early 1950s when – after a few years of deliberately staying behind a curtain of secrecy – they slowly but surely showed themselves. Long before the first alien abduction incident was
reported, elements of the U.S. Government were already secretly monitoring certain figures in the United States who claimed close encounters with extraterrestrials. Agencies were carefully collating files, listening in on phone calls, and intercepting the mail of dozens of people. Those same figures became known as the Contactees. It’s important to have an understanding of the Contactee phenomenon, as it serves to demonstrate how and why it led government, military and intelligence personnel to focus on the claims of E.T. interaction – and then to do precisely the same when the abduction issue took off.
(Nick Redfern)
“Giant Rock,” California where George Van Tassel hung out. So did the FBI, now and again.
Most of the secret work in the Contactee field was carried out in the 1950s. It was undertaken to learn what was allegedly being done to American citizens by our mysterious visitors. At the time, the bulk of the work fell under the auspices of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and at the express order of none other than almost-legendary FBI Director, J. Edgar Hoover. How do we know this? Simple: thanks to legislation brought about under the Freedom of Information Act, numerous files on the Contactees have now been released into the public domain. Real X-Files? You bet. Those files make it abundantly clear that the U.S. Government went to extraordinary steps to ensure that the Contactees were placed under careful, secret watch – and particularly so those Contactees who were clearly influencing public opinion on matters relative to not just alien visitations, but also in relation to politics, the economy, and religion. In light of all the above, it’s no wonder that both Contactees and Abductees have become paranoid about how they are/were watched by both the “others” and by government agencies.
This was just emailed to me today, by a reader who wants to remain anonymous. Wow! Check this out. A live cam caught sight of a UFO as it shot over a volcano in Hawaii a few days ago. This object left a bright green trail behind it and glowed white. Its moving too slowly to be a meteor and it is moving too fast to be a jet. This just screams out UFO! Absolutely beautiful raw footage. Lots of exciting UFO activity over Hawaii this month.
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
If you got a UFO sighting you want to report, please send me the video, photos, or email me about it at scwaring@yahoo.com
Alien Entity Walks Out Bushes On Live Cam! Mexico, Feb 22, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Alien Entity Walks Out Bushes On Live Cam! Mexico, Feb 22, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Feb 22, 2022
Location of sighting: San Vicente Chicoloapan State of Mexico
Source: Twitter
Watch this amazing capture on security cam as an alien entity flies over the bushes to land in a year, only to be inspected by three dogs, who were too scared to get much closer. The entity changed shape when it was flying as a thin disk, then it landed in the yard and begin to grow tall with appendages. Then it moved to the sidewalk area...where it had no legs, but seemed to hover over the sidewalk. Absolute proof that aliens exist and they visit our cities and walk among us. We are not alone.
This video of a possible triangle UFO sighting was just submitted to me through my Facebook page. This happened over Detroid, Michigan on Friday, 11th March 2022.
Witness report:
Hi, I’m from Detroit and last night I saw a UFO. I am still in shock but I have videos I am sending. It was a giant triangular craft, no wings or tail. Hovered in the sky for awhile, darted around and then flew over head. I’ve never seen anything like it. Pardon my language in the video I was in shock.The first video was me catching the craft hovering, the second is it going overhead
Some of Nikola’s facial action units (AUs). Row 1: (1) Inner brow raiser, (2) outer brow raiser, (4) brow lowerer, (5) upper lid raiser, (6) cheek raiser, (7) lid tightener. Row 2: (10) Upper lip raiser, (12) lip corner puller, (14) dimpler, (15) lip corner depressor, (16) lower lip depressor, (18) lip pucker. Row 3: (20) Lip stretcher, (22) lip funneler, (25) lips part, (26) jaw drop, (43) eyes closed. For AU 25, AU 25 + 26 is shown. Credit: RIKEN
Researchers from the RIKEN Guardian Robot Project in Japan have made an android child named Nikola that successfully conveys six basic emotions. The new study, published in Frontiers in Psychology, tested how well people could identify six facial expressions—happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise, and disgust—which were generated by moving "muscles" in Nikola's face. This is the first time that the quality of android-expressed emotion has been tested and verified for these six emotions.
Rosie the robot maid was considered science fiction when she debuted on the Jetson's cartoon over 50 years ago. Although the reality of the helpful robot is currently more science and less fiction, there are still many challenges that need to be met, including being able to detect and express emotions. The recent study led by Wataru Sato from the RIKEN Guardian Robot Project focused on building a humanoid robot, or android, that can use its face to express a variety of emotions. The result is Nikola, an android head that looks like a hairless boy.
Inside Nikola's face are 29 pneumatic actuators that control the movements of artificial muscles. Another six actuators control head and eyeball movements. Pneumatic actuators are controlled by air pressure, which makes the movements silent and smooth. The team placed the actuators based on the Facial Action Coding System (FACS), which has been used extensively to study facial expressions. Past research has identified numerous facial action units—such as 'cheek raiser' and 'lip pucker'—that comprise typical emotions such as happiness or disgust, and the researchers incorporated these action units in Nikola's design.
Nikola the android expressing the six emotions. Pneumatic actuators move the 'muscles' in his face.
Credit: RIKEN
Typically, studies of emotions, particularly how people react to emotions, have a problem. It is difficult to do a properly controlled experiment with live people interacting, but at the same time, looking at photos or videos of people is less natural, and reactions aren't the same. "The hope is that with androids like Nikola, we can have our cake and eat it too," says Sato. "We can control every aspect of Nikola's behavior, and at the same time study live interactions." The first step was to see if Nikola's facial expressions were understandable.
A person certified in FACS scoring was able to identify each facial action unit, indicating that Nikola's facial movements accurately resemble those of a real human. A second test showed that everyday people could recognize the six prototypical emotions—happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise, and disgust—in Nikola's face, albeit to varying accuracies. This is because Nikola's silicone skin is less elastic than real human skin and cannot form wrinkles very well. Thus, emotions like disgust were harder to identify because the action unit for nose wrinkling could not be included.
"In the short term, androids like Nikola can be important research tools for social psychology or even social neuroscience," says Sato. "Compared with human confederates, androids are good at controlling behaviors and can facilitate rigorous empirical investigation of human social interactions." As an example, the researchers asked people to rate the naturalness of Nikola's emotions as the speed of his facial movements was systematically controlled. They researchers found that the most natural speed was slower for some emotions like sadness than it was for others like surprise.
While Nikola still lacks a body, the ultimate goal of the Guardian Robot Project is to build an android that can assist people, particularly those which physical needs who might live alone. "Androids that can emotionally communicate with us will be useful in a wide range of real-life situations, such as caring for older people, and can promote human wellbeing," says Sato.
Wataru Sato et al, An Android for Emotional Interaction: Spatiotemporal Validation of Its Facial Expressions, Frontiers in Psychology (2022). DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.800657
Have you ever gotten emotional while texting? Was the emotion anger? Did that emotion cause you to do something you regretted later? To paraphrase an old meme, there’s a ‘bot for that. Specifically, engineers have developed a “handheld social robot” which they describe as a “mediator in text messaging between humans.” Does it work before the angry owner throws it against the wall?
“I’m sorry, I am late. The appointment slipped my mind. Can you wait another hour?”
How does that make you feel? That’s one of the questions researchers at Japan’s University of Tsukuba used to test OMOY — a handheld social robot developed to act as a buffer between an incoming text and the emotional response of the recipient. As he explains in the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI, co-author and engineering professor Fumihide Tanaka says a text message has only written words to convey meaning – no facial expressions, vocal intonations, personal explanations or other means of controlling the emotional response of the receiver. Thus, what appears to be an upsetting message generates and upsetting or angry response that may be uncalled for.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba create a handheld social robot that can appear to convey emotions by shifting an internal weight while reading out text messages, which may help improve digital interpersonal interactions.
Credit: University of Tsukuba
“(OMOY is) equipped with a movable weight actuated by mechanical components inside its body. By shifting the internal weight, the robot could express simulated emotions.”
Enter OMOY, the text message mediator. Instead of the recipient reading the text, OMOY reads it aloud and the recipient listens to the message. OMOY’s software then interprets the text message and gives a verbal opinion, a recommendation to stay calm, an expression of sympathy or some other response to control the recipient’s emotions. At the same time, the handheld robot makes physical movements which are designed to reinforce the calming response.
“The weight shift pattern used in this study makes the user feel strong intention of the robot.”
Ninety-four participants (51 males; 43 female) were recruited at the University of Tsukuba. Their level of anger caused by a text message was measured using ten questions with and without the OMOY mediator. The study found that with just the response and the movement of the weight shifts, most users perceived the ‘intention’ of the robot was to help them calm down and they did. This was done with a very simple robot – OMOY has no arms or legs or moveable face to make body gestures or facial expressions. Based on that, the study suggests the robot could be replaced in future tests with other handheld gadgets such as stuffed animals and cushions equipped with the movement mechanism.
Robot platform, named OMOY, used in this study. A 250 g tungsten weight is attached to the weight carrier unit, which allows the weight to move along a 2D planar space. We modified the weight carrier unit from the original version reported in Noguchi and Tanaka (2020): a linear guide rail and a Dynamixel motor were installed.
Credit: Frontiers in Robotics and AI (2022).
DOI: 10.3389/frobt.2022.790209
Can a simple handheld robot facilitate anger management during texting? Take a deep breath before responding.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:SF-snufjes }, Robotics and A.I. Artificiel Intelligence ( E, F en NL )
12-03-2022
What is it? Bizarre Light in Sky Caught on Camera in Chebarkul, Russia.
What is it? Bizarre Light in Sky Caught on Camera in Chebarkul, Russia.
In Chebarkul, Russia, residents have been thrown into a fright after a bizarre story emerged regarding peoples being scared at a forest location by what has been described as a “bizarre light”.
That and more strange events caught on camera. Real or fake?
UFO Near Explosions In Ukraine As Russian Army attacks town, 3-1-2022, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Near Explosions In Ukraine As Russian Army attacks town, 3-1-2022, UFO Sighting News.
Added contrast to above screenshot to show UFO better, Below its original untouched.
Date of sighting:March 1, 2022
Location of sighting: Ukraine
This video was taken from inside Ukraine from an apartment window as explosions were heard. I can hear the man ask several times, "is it a drone?" But even he has never seen such a huge wingless drone before, nor have I. This object is very strange, nothing like a drone, not a helicopter for sure...a helicopter holding still would be instantly targeted by rocket launchers on the ground. I see no wings, no propellers, no windows or doors, no exhasust. This thing is not from Earth. It's an alien ship watching the war as it unfolds. Maybe the aliens are even helping in some way. Most likely not taking sides, but instead causing large missile weapons to stop working permanently. UFOs have been known to do that over nuclear missile silos at my old USAF base Ellsworth AFB in South Dakota, USA. It's a show of who's truly boss.
Oval Glowing UFO Shoots Over Dallas, Texas March 7, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Oval Glowing UFO Shoots Over Dallas, Texas March 7, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: March 7, 2022
Location of sighting: Dallas, Texas, USA
Source: Twitter @ChikDigsLngBall
Now this is some fast and short footage, but...it is raw footage and that beats the alternative, no footage at all. I looked at it again and again, trying to see any detail of the craft that would stand out. However I found no wings, no aircraft lights, drone lights, tails or any sign of it being a normal aircraft. It's has a shape like that of an egg...an oval. Its speed is that of a jet...but too slow to be a meteor. Very awesome catch. And over Dallas, Texas...a UFO hotspot.
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
Eyewitness states:
Soo the night before last, my sister and I saw a UFO. No big deal... 🛸It was actually crazy. I couldn't get my camera out on time and my sis was too stunned to be useful 😄 It had started out from the horizon in front of us on other side of the sky before zooming to where u see it here. Then, it just disappeared behind clouds and never reemerged. It was actually bigger, brighter, faster, and had more lights than you can see here.
Giant UFO at the bottom of the ocean off coast Peru
Giant UFO at the bottom of the ocean off coast Peru
Years ago, people in the cafes around Pisco's central plaza, Peru were talking nonstop about the second UFO display off coast Lima the previous night. Rumors spread about the presence of an underwater base offshore. Some said it was an alien base, others claimed that it was secret NATO base.
Scanning the bottom of the ocean off coast Lima, Peru shows a perfect disk shaped object with a diameter of 6,4km that seems out of place compared to the surrounding ocean floor.
Could it be:
1. A huge flying saucer (UFO_USO) that floats above a black hole.
2. A solid construction that can open and close leading to an underwater base.
Another perfect disk shaped object with a diameter of 4km shows up at the bottom of the ocean floor 385 km away from the first disk. This disk also seems out of place and we may wonder whether it is a crashed UFO.
Is it possible that the witnesses, who years ago saw UFOs off the coast of Lima, Peru be right that there is an alien underwater base?
In this video, I discuss a UFO photograph my friend Elijah took on January 27th 2022 outside the Tropicana Hotel in Atlantic City, New Jersey. We were in the area in order to attend Sifu Alan Goldberg’s Martial Arts Action Mega Weekend event. I breakdown and analyze the UFO picture and give my thoughts.
In addition to that, I also breakdown and analyze a video of a UFO from Doron @MOTORHEADS that he took in Beverly Hills in 2010.
Guys you gota check this out. Have you ever played the game Halo and seen the aliens purple weapons? Or perhaps seen the weapons in Stargate Atlantis TV series? Well reality is not far off. This is an alien pulse rifle found on Mars in the latest photos from the rover. This pulse rifle was upside down, so I flipped it over and made it purple so you could really see it. Look at it carefully and you could see a person holding this rifle defending themselves from an attack. Humans do not hold exclusive rights on fighting, killing or war. Its a universal concept and a virus that the universe has to live with.
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
BELOW ARE THREE HELMETS ALL CLOSE TO EACH OTHER. MAY OR MAYNOT HAVE SEVERED HEADS INSIDE. WAR IS WAR.
During the early 1950s my dad, Frank Redfern, like all young men of his age at that time, had to serve three years of National Service. And, having a passion for aircraft, he chose to join the Royal Air Force. During his three years in the RAF, and before returning to his regular job as a carpenter, which he held until his retirement at the age of sixty-five, he was trained in the field of, and worked on, radar. It was towards the end of his service that my dad was involved in several radar-based UFO encounters, all of which occurred at the height of a September 1952 NATO operation, called Exercise Mainbrace. On each occasion, fast moving objects of unknown origin were tracked on the radar-screens, fighter planes were scrambled, and the ominous and official stamp of secrecy came firmly down on just about everyone and everything. Certainly, my dad didn’t tell me about this most weird affair until I was in my early teens, around 1978 or 1979. It was an event that got me deeply interested in UFOs, and set me on a path to seek out the truth concerning all things saucer-shaped and flying. And it’s a strange and conspiracy-filled path that I’m still on today. And, arguably, those September 1952 events left a deep and lasting impression on my dad, too, since – if asked – he is still willing to talk about them to this very day.
(Nick Redfern)
Radar and my dad: still sharing his UFO experiences
There’s no doubt it was my dad’s experiences – and particularly those military-based radar events he was involved in -that got me involved. With that said, let’s now take a look at some other UFO-radar cases that I consider to be important. On March 26, 1957, there was an amazing encounter. The UK Air Ministry documentation (now in the public domain) states in part: “A report was received from Royal Air Force Church Lawford on 26th March, 1957 of a sighting of an unusual nature. The object moved at a speed timed at exceeding 1400mph [italics mine]. This in itself was unusual as the object had accelerated to this speed from a stationary position [italics mine]. No explanation has yet been found for this sighting but a supplementary report, including a copy of the radar plot, was requested and has been received from Church Lawford this afternoon.” Few of the files have been placed into the public domain.
(Nick Redfern)
At the National Archives
A perfect example of UFOs and radar, is a collection of U.S. Air Force documents that detail an astonishing wave of UFO activity that occurred in early 1958. They are files declassified under the terms of the Freedom of Information Act, but which have not generally received the positive commentary they deserve. The mystery began on the night of March 9, 1958. The location: a now-closed U.S. Army installation on the Panama Canal Zone called Fort Clayton. It was around 8:00 p.m. when a UFO was tracked, by anti-aircraft personnel, in the Canal Zone area. Further blips soon appeared on the screen. Clearly something unusual was afoot. It turns out that Fort Clayton was not the only base monitoring unusual aerial activity. Radar staff at Fort Amador, Flamenco Island were also tracking something airborne and unknown. In fact, they were tracking two UFOs – both of which maintained a circular pattern above a nearby installation, Fort Kobbe. Their heights, however, fluctuated between 2,000 and 10,000 feet. It was at this time that staff at Taboga Island’s Track Radar Unit confirmed they were keeping a careful watch on certain unknowns, too.
Shortly before midnight, personnel at Fort Amador chose to take a new and novel approach to try and identify the UFOs: they bathed them with powerful, ground-based searchlights. The response was incredible: in no more than a handful of seconds the UFOs headed skywards from 2,000 to 10,000 feet. Official records on this particularly eye-opening development state: “…this was such a rapid movement that the Track Radar, which was locked on target, broke the Track Lock and was unable to keep up with ascent of the objects. As Track Radar can only be locked on a solid object, which was done in the case of the two unidentified flying objects, it was assumed that the objects were solid.” This strange and bizarre activity continued into the early hours of March 10 – something which saw UFOs hovering and accelerating to speeds around 1,000 miles per hour, and unknown objects tracked on radar.
(Nick Redfern)
The U.K.’s Ministry of Defense
One of the most fascinating of all UFO encounters – an incident that almost resulted in a mid-air collision between a UFO and a Meteor jet – occurred over Royal Air Force Gaydon, Warwickshire, England, on the night of October 21, 1957. Less than a week later, the UK media was chasing down the story. Describing RAF Gaydon as “one of the RAF’s top V-bomber stations,” the Sunday Express newspaper stated that the Air Ministry (today, the Ministry of Defense) had taken rapid steps to get to the heart of the mystery. Reportedly, the UFO was seen visually by the pilot and tracked by ground-radar personnel – and only a few minutes apart. Questions, unsurprisingly, were quickly being asked: could the UFO actually have been a Soviet spy-plane? It was certainly a scenario that the Air Ministry felt important enough to address. Although – as will become apparent – the description given by the pilot did not sound like that of the average Russian aircraft. Plus, six days after the event occurred, Air Ministry staff were still scratching their heads. As all of this demonstrates, radar and UFOs come together – and in an amazing fashion. Sometimes with your own dad!
New L.A. Marzulli: UFO Disclosure - Full Length Film
New L.A. Marzulli: UFO Disclosure - Full Length Film
New L.A. Marzulli: UFO Disclosure – Full Length Film
In the last few years, we’ve seen a heightened interest from the public … the media … and the government on UFO encounters. Would it be beyond imagination to suggest that one day an alien craft might appear on Earth, claiming to represent the ones who seeded our planet millions of years ago? If Christians are gone, who wouldn’t believe their lie? Or, perhaps this “official disclosure” explains away the rapture of the church, the day Jesus takes millions of believers to heaven as He promised us in the Bible? How else could they explain away our mass disappearance?
Now I was looking in the Eagle nebula which is a infrared color photo taken by the Hubble Telescope. I was actually looking for faces, nebula gases manipulated to create faces...I found a dozen over the last decade so its easy for me. I did however point out one face in the nebula in the middle of my video. These Dyson Spheres are gold, much as many artists imagined them to be. I did not alter the color at all. I only added darkness. Theres not one, but thousands of these spheres and they are not just spheres, but instead the outside is embellished with these huge sections and arms that clearly scream out life living on the outside of the Dyson Spheres. The difficulty here is most people never heard of Dyson Spheres and have little to no expense in astrophysics were in grad school I was top of my class, but chose it as a fun elective. As the theory of Dyson Sphere spreads, it will become more and more accepted as any new scientific discovery does. 100% proof...of thousand of Dyson Spheres in the Eagle Nebula.
Hey check this out. This is some raw footage of an unknown craft over Kiev, Ukraine a few days ago. The object was hovering low, then shot up at an angle and then across the city to shoot up and then down again. Very odd behavior of an aircraft. But then again its war, so it could be anything. However I distinctly remember that during the Fukashima, Japan there was a nuclear reactor leak and a news video taken which accidentally caught a white long tictac UFO flying low and slow over the reactor. I think this may be there for the same reason. A reactor leak not only causes harm to the humans below, but makes it unusable to aliens too...for thousands of years. This object has all the signs of being a UFO.
Carlos Diaz: The Man Who Contacted And Filmed The UFO
Carlos Diaz: The Man Who Contacted And Filmed The UFO
One morning in January 1981, Mexican photographer Carlos Diaz pulled into a deserted car park at Ajusco Park near Mexico City. He was on an assignment for a magazine, and had arranged to meet a journalist who was yet to arrive.
Diaz sat in his car, preparing his camera for the job ahead. Although it was early in the morning, the air was thick with humidity which made even sitting still uncomfortable. Impatiently, Diaz began to look at his watch.
Suddenly, his attention was caught by a strange yellow glow coming from the valley below him. At first he thought it was a forest fire, but, an instant later, the source of light revealed itself to be a large, orange, oval-shaped UFO, slowly hovering about 30 metres from his car.
Unable to believe his eyes, Diaz quickly grabbed his camera. With it resting on his steering wheel, he began frantically firing off shots. Then, without warning, the whole car began to shake violently.
Diaz got out of the vehicle and took two more photographs before the craft sped up vertically into the sky, leaving Diaz in a state of shock. This encounter marked the beginning of what was to develop into one of he most fascinating and long-running contactee cases in the history of UFOlogy.
Carlos Díaz
Today, the case remains among a small minority of alledged extraterrestrial encounters to be supported by verified film documentation that has stood up to the scrutiny of a range of experts.
KEY ENCOUNTER
Indeed, the apparent credibility of Diaz’s claims has attracted the attention of some of the world’s top UFO researchers, including German author Michael Hesemann and abduction researcher Dr John Mack. Both concluded that Diaz’s story is completely credible.
Hesemann echoes the views of most researchers when he states: ‘The Carlos Diaz case is the most important case of documented alien-human contact to have emerged in modern times.’ Certainly, at the time of his initial encounter, Diaz little suspected what was to come.
The transition from a run-of-the-mill UFO sighting in an area now acknowledged as a UFO hot-spot, to one of the key cases of recent years did not occur until weeks later. In the days that followed this January sighting, Diaz remained preoccupied by his experience.
Unable to forget what he had seen, he repeatedly returned to the Ajusco Park location, hoping to secure more pictures. After a succession of fruitless visits, Diaz began to think that he was wasting his time. But then, on 23rd of March, his patience was rewarded.
RETURN TRIP
While roaming the greenery, Diaz was again alerted to the presence of a UFO by an orange glow, which he could see only dimly through the fog and rain that had saturated the forest in Ajusco Park. As he climbed up the walls of the valley, he managed to position himself within 45 metres of the object. Diaz watched the ‘craft’ hovering above him, eminating a bright orange light.
It was, he said, dome-shaped with a smooth ring in its centre. This, claimed Diaz, was covered with a number of half spheres, each around one metre in diameter. Crouching behind some rocks, Diaz thought his actions had gone unnoticed, but, as he continued to watch the craft, he felt someone grab his shoulder from behind.
Diaz immediately fainted, and, when he awoke, it was dark and the UFO was gone. He was shocked to discover that, despite heavy rain, his clothes were completely dry. At that point, he knew something strange had happened to him. When he returned to his car, Diaz noticed another car parked in front of him.
At this point, Diaz claimed, a humanoid entity with fair hair approached him and told him that if he wanted to know more about what he had just experienced, he should return to the same spot at noon the following day. Apparently, when Diaz returned the next day, he discovered the same entity sitting on the grass.
Diaz claimed that the being then turned to him and explained that it was he who grabbed his shoulder the previous day. Before leaving, the being also told Diaz that he had come from inside the craft and that Diaz would gradually recover his memory of what had happened while he was unconscious. Sure enough, over the next few months, Diaz’s memory returned, piece by piece.
According to his account, he recalled the craft hovered directly over his head. As he attempted to touch the craft, his hand seemed to pass through the yellow light and he seemed to merge with it. The next thing he recalled was seeing the craft parked on a platform inside a giant cave.
Diaz was filled with awe when he remembered what he had seen inside: ‘It was full of stalagmites, some of which were carved into what appeared to be Mayan sculptures,’ he stated.
‘I saw many people in the cave, some of whom waved to me and, in a state of shock, I waved back.’ Apparantly the being Diaz had encountered in the park then led him to a smaller cave which contained seven glowing, egg-shaped orbs, one of which Diaz was invited to step into. On entering, Diaz could at first only see yellow light.
But then he found himself surrounded by the image of a forest. ‘I could see all the details of the forest as if I was walking through it,’ said Diaz. ‘I couldn’t touch anything, but I could feel the temperature and moisture.
I could see and experience everything, yet I wasn’t physically there.’ His guide then told him that the orbs were also a system for storing information and that certain data had been imparted to him. Diaz was then returned to the ship and, in time, to the park.
CONTINUING CONTACT
According to Diaz, this was only the first of a series of contacts with the same beings, which continue to this day. Since 1981, Diaz has stated that his experience inside the orbs has enabled him to ‘travel’ to different regions of the Earth’s ecosystem – forest, desert, jungle, shoreline, even Arctic areas – with his ET contact.
Through this contact, Diaz claims to have been imbued with an awareness of the interconnectedness of all life and the need to preserve our environment.
To many UFOlogists, especially those who have had their ‘fingers burnt’ by alledged contactees before, these claims may appear far-fetched. However, Diaz is seen by many researchers as a highly reliable source, not least because of the strong body of photographic evidence he has amassed to support his claims.
INDISPUTABLE PROOF?
Mexican TV journalist and UFOlogist Jaime Maussan, who has been at the centre of UFO investigations in Mexico since the wave began in 1991, believes that Diaz’s UFO photographs are among the most impressive he has seen.
Maussan took Diaz’s photographs to Jim Dilettoso, an image processing expert at Village Labs, in Tucson, Arizona, who concluded they were genuine. After satisfying himself he was not dealing with a hoaxer, Maussan visited Diaz at his hime in Tepoztlan, Mexico. There, he spoke to a number of other witnesses who claimed to have seen exactly the same type of UFO.
The apparent credibility of the Diaz case has also attracted UFO researchers from further afield, who have attempted to glean insights into the alien agenda from Diaz’s contactee claims. German author Michael Hesemann, who first interviewed Diaz in June 1994, is convinced of the credibility of Diaz’s story.
‘Not only is he contacting these beings through encounters on the ships,’ says Hesemann, ‘but he claims to be meeting these beings socially, since he believes some of them are living among us.’ However Hesemann explains that, according to Diaz, the beings are reluctant to fully disclose their origins.
‘Apparently,’ says Hesemann, ‘they did, however, explain that they have been visiting Earth for thousands of years, and are particularly interested in our evolution which, compared to their own, has happened at a much faster rate. They are trying to learn why.’
Another UFO researcher intrigued by Diaz’s case is Professor of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, John Mack. Mack has a long history of dealing with abductees and contactees and believes that the Diaz case is among the most convincing he has come across.
In his book Passport to the Cosmos, he states: ‘Out of all the experiencers I have worked with, it is Carlos Diaz who seems to have developed the richest understanding of the interconnected web of nature. Diaz’s experience of connecting with living creatures is so intense that he seems literally to become the thing he is describing.’
Diaz’s experience, Mack claims constitutes an ‘awakening’, a process which, he says, is common in abductees. Diaz told Mack that his contact with the ETs had instilled in him a need to preserve the environment and the ability to ‘enjoy a beautiful planet’.
Whether or not an extraterrestrial influence was involved, Diaz’s new-found concern for the environment has certainly become a driving force in his life. he has repeatedly and passionately conveyed this environmental warning publicly, most notably at a UFO conference in Dusseldorf, Germany in 1995.
Diaz has revealed that he had been informed through his contacts that the civilization of the visiting extraterrestrial, like ours, had been threatened by its own history of destruction, but had somehow managed to survive.
He remains convinced that his contacts’ disturbing prediction for our future is only too real – a prediction that states with near certainty that humanity, on its current course, is headed for total extinction.
ALIEN MESSENGER
This outspokenness, coupled with the public nature of his experience, has le Diaz to assume visionary status in both his home town of Tepoztlan and UFO circles. however, Diaz has been quick to dispute this, claiming that he is not a unique visionary, but merely ‘a messenger’.
The real nature of Diaz’s current incarnation aside, for many UFOlogists, the Diaz case remains among the most convincing on record. Indeed, few UFO reports exist that boast such impressive and abundant photographic evidence. And fewer still have emerged that have stood up to the scrutiny applied to Diaz’s images.
PERFECT PICTURES
Expert analysis of Carlos Diaz’s UFO pictures has been extremely thorough. Mexican UFOlogist Jaime Maussan gave the original transparencies to Professor Victor Quesada at the Polytechnical Institute of the University of Mexico for examination.
Quesada stated: ‘We were shocked to discover that the spectrum of light from the object was unlike anything we have ever seen, it broke all previous parameters and didn’t match anything in our data banks.
The light was extraordinarily intense. There was no evidence of superimposition or a hoax. We estimated the object to be around 30 to 50 metres in diameter.’ Interestingly, the photographs were also analysed by Dr Robert Nathan at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California. Nathan, a notorious UFO sceptic, stated that he could find no evidence of a fake.
Certainly, for many who have examined the three images, the first shot is the most impressive. In it, the orange glowing craft can be seen through the windshield of the car, and light from the object is reflected both off the car’s bonnet and off the metal guard rail by the side of the road. These, in particular, are details that experts claim are extremely difficult to fake.
VIDEO EVIDENCE
Mexican UFOlogist Jaime Maussan was so intrigued by Carlos Diaz’s account of his experiences that he provided him with a video camera and asked him to see if he could record the UFO on tape when it next appeared. A few weeks later, Diaz awoke at 5 a.m. and grabbed his camera. He walked out and waited.
Apparently, within minutes, the craft appeared and hovered over the house, where Diaz filmed it. When Maussan saw the remarkable footage, he asked Diaz if he could get even closer to the craft while filming. Two months later, Diaz was once again able to film the craft, which this time hovered directly above him, without moving.
However it is Diaz’s third attempt to capture the craft on video that is the most spectacular. In this footage, Diaz having mounted his camera on a tripod, walks to the bottom of a field waving a flash light.
Responding to this, the craft suddenly materializes directly above Diaz’s head and sends beams of light down towards him. Then, the unidentified object remains motionless for 30 seconds, before blinking out. It is universally recognized that this video contains some of the best UFO footage ever taken.
The incredible story of Carlos Diaz and the big oval-shaped UFO
The incredible story of Carlos Diaz and the big oval-shaped UFO
Many believe that there are no so-called UFOs. They believe it is just a future secret technology under test. We are ignorant of it and therefore we think it is unknown. But what about large, strange yellow glow, oval-shaped object with spectrum, which unlike anything we have ever seen and didn’t match anything in our data banks, in 1981.
Nanorobotics is about creating robots which are so small they are nearly invisible to the naked eye. Operating as a swarm, these tiny robots have the promise to do some really incredible things.
Nanorobots are so small that they actually interact on the same level as bacteria and viruses. Nanorobots or nanobots are measured in nanometers or a millionth of a millimeter. Nanobots are envisaged to be little machines, or tiny robots that rush around and do things like cleaning out blocked arteries or swimming through the ocean eating polluting chemicals.
Nanobots are no longer speculation, but unlike science fiction, they won't take over the world, at least, not yet. A hypothetical end of the world scenario involves molecular nanotechnology, in which out-of-control self- replicating robots consume all matter on Earth while building more of themselves because of a programming error.
Nanotechnology is an emerging field in robotics with a promise of different solutions to problems which have plagued mankind since our beginning. Nanobots can be one of the most important achievements humans have ever produced. Nanotechnology is the creation of microscopic objects, which are so small that they are constructed not with regular materials but with the very atomic building blocks of life. Nanorobotics is a part of this line of work, with its main focus on creating robots, which are so small they are nearly invisible to the naked eye. Operating as a swarm, these tiny robots have the promise to do some really incredible things.
There are various areas of science that can benefits from nanotechnology. These are medicine, environment, industrial manufacturing, and even warfare. The first real application in medicine will be in treating cancers. Nanobots are preferable to the existing means of fighting cancer because they can bring the medicine directly to the tumor, helping to avoid killing healthy cells along with the cancerous ones.
Nanobots, delivering a killing blow to cancer cells
Researchers from Columbia University announced a fleet of molecular nanobots that can deliver drugs to specific cells, and also identify certain genetic markers by using fluorescent labeling. This type of targeted therapeutic approach could prove beneficial, especially for cancer treatment, which presently sweeps up healthy cells along with malignant ones, very often doing more harm than good. We are about to see a new phase of pharmaceuticals where conventional drugs are incrementally replaced by nanodrugs.
In addition to cancer treatment, nanobots can potentially be used for other medical purposes, such as regulating diabetes. Diabetic patients have to test their blood several times daily to ensure stable glucose levels. Nanobots can be used to travel through patients’ bloodstreams and send data about glucose levels to external electronic sources. They could travel with the natural flow of the bloodstream, sensing blood sugar levels along the way.
Another potential application is the detection of toxic chemicals, and the measurement of their concentrations, in the environment. Since nanobots can change things at the molecular level, they could possibly solve our pollution troubles.
A swarm of nanobots released into the atmosphere could quickly set to work deconstructing the pollution molecules and turning them into harmless material, which could easily be eliminated from the air. These molecular scrubbers could remain in the air, cleaning, until the air was as fresh as it was eons ago.
The theoretical uses of nanobots are virtually endless, as their size would allow them to essentially rebuild matter. In this sense, properly programmed nanobots would be able to take raw materials and build them into anything, from proteins to foods to tiny microprocessors. If set up to do so, they could, in theory, build more nanobots, through the process of auto-replication. A small group of nanobots could quickly develop into a massive swarm, capable of large-scale projects.
A million nanobots can fit on the head of a pin.
The ability of nanobots to work on an atomic level has far reaching implications for industry as well. Industrial manufacturing requires many resources, equipment and manpower. This is due to the need to acquire resources, process them to a usable state and then assemble them into the products we use on a daily basis. Rather than building things piece by piece and then assembling the component parts, factories could employ nanotechnology to build complete products. Since they can use raw molecules, industrial nanobots would only need the most basic of raw materials to construct nearly anything. As long as they have enough raw materials, these factories could simply reprogram the nanobots to build something else. This would free them from the need to completely replace large portions of the factory just to change its output.
As nanoweapons, nanobots could be used for surveillance for the military, or for assassinations, even used to eat-up and destroy enemy armor. Inspired by colonies of bees, ants and locusts, army engineers are creating armies of nanobots, which are used to locate bombs, clean weaponry, or fly over remote regions of a battlefield. Each individual custom robot is quite basic, but the combined activity in the entire swarm is way more complex. The entire army of robots can be considered as one single customized system, just like a bee colony can be considered a super organism, exhibiting swarm intelligence.
The Nano-Hummingbird is a flying robot created through a program sponsored by DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) that is meant to be used in future indoor and outdoor surveillance missions. DARPA requested a remote controlled nanobot that can fly, hover, move forward and backward and be controlled without an external power source. DARPA specifically asked AeroVironment to create a flying robot that had the body and wings of a bird. What better bird to use than the agile and tiny hummingbird?
AeroVironment employed biomimicry at a very small scale to create the nanobot, which flies just like the real thing. It can travel forward at eleven miles an hour; and resist a wind gust of 5 mph while hovering without being thrown more than three feet off track, and it can be controlled by a distant operator using only the information from an on-board camera.
Molecular nanotechnology (MNT), the umbrella science of nanomedicine, envisions nanobots manufactured in nanofactories no larger than the average desktop printer. The nanofactories would use nano-scale tools capable of constructing nanobots to exacting specifications. The design, shape, size and type of atoms, molecules, and computerized components included would be task-specific. Raw material for making the nanobots would be nearly cost-free, and the process virtually pollution-free, making nanobots an extremely affordable and highly attractive technology.
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THIS ROBOT IS SO TINY YOU COULD FIT TEN OF THEM ON A SINGLE PERIOD
THIS ROBOT IS SO TINY YOU COULD FIT TEN OF THEM ON A SINGLE PERIOD
ITS CREATORS HOPE THE MICROSCOPIC BOT WILL CRAWL AROUND INSIDE YOUR BODY TO FIGHT CANCER.
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
Jitterbug
A team of Cornell University scientists developed a new robot — so small that it’s invisible to the naked eye — that they hope will someday crawl around inside the human body and hunt for disease.
The robots themselves are little more than microchips attached to four origami-inspired legs, BBC News reports. But their simplicity — the engineers can manufacture 1 million of the bots every week, each one steered by beaming a laser at its feet — gives the team hope that they’ll become a useful medical tool. BBC News published a video of the robots wiggling around, and it’s highly recommended.
New Legs
The hardest part, the team told BBC News, wasn’t necessarily building a microscopic robot, but rather giving such a tiny machine a way to actually move around.
“People have become very good at shrinking computer chips to microscopic dimensions,” Cornell physicist Itai Cohen told BBC News. “The problem was that there weren’t any legs that would work at that scale that could connect to these microchips. We invented a new technology [that’s] essentially the legs for these robotic brains.”
Hunter Killers
So far, the team is celebrating the tiny robots as an achievement and development all of their own. But someday, Cohen hopes that they could serve as medical devices that root around for signs of disease.
“You could imagine having these as little microsurgery devices,” he told the BBC. “You inject these robots in, they locally track down either bacteria or maybe a tumor cell and then they go snip it up and destroy it.”
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Near The International Space Station Spotted A Fleet Of UFOs
Near The International Space Station Spotted A Fleet Of UFOs
Near the space station, a flotilla of three U̳F̳O̳s was spotted, the first to report the discovery was researcher Marco Pedotti.
After that, the well-known Taiwanese U̳F̳O̳logist Scott Waring commented on the footage.
“I went over this footage again and again, and I cannot see anything wrong with it. It is 100% authentic. When I took screenshots of some of the U̳F̳O̳s…I noticed they were all blurry and transparent. But one U̳F̳O̳ was over land and it looked like a triangle, but when focused is actually a four sided pyramid,” Waring wrote on his blog.
“This is crazy cool for sure. These are not satellites, they shoot off turning incredibly fast. I have seen satellites released before from the space station… this is not such a thing. These are 100% a̳l̳i̳e̳n̳ technology, piloted by living entities. ”
Of course, Internet users also actively joined the discussion. And, as expected in such cases, opinions were divided.
Someone was skeptical about what they saw, someone supported the idea that we are talking about a̳l̳i̳e̳n̳s.
NOTHER NASA ASTRONAUT JUST BRUTALLY ROASTED THE HEAD OF THE RUSSIAN SPACE PROGRAM
NOTHER NASA ASTRONAUT JUST BRUTALLY ROASTED THE HEAD OF THE RUSSIAN SPACE PROGRAM
"ROGOZIN HAS ALWAYS BEEN A FOOL."
GETTY IMAGES/FUTURISM
Open Season
Another former NASA astronaut is piling on to mock Dmitry Rogozin, the head of Russia’s space agency Roscosmos, for his inflammatory comments amid Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
“Rogozin has always been a fool,” former NASA astronaut Garrett Reisman tweeted this week in Russian. “Only now he actually mortally wounds Roscosmos and ends one of the few remaining sources of currency for Russia.”
“Keep this in mind when your ATM is empty,” he added. “It will need a trampoline soon,” referring to a notorious quip in which Rogozin mocked SpaceX back in 2014.
At the time, the space chief famously told the US to “bring their astronauts to the International Space Station using a trampoline” after the US aimed sanctions at the country over — you guessed it — the 2014 Ukraine crisis.
Rogozin had previously been butting heads with former NASA astronaut Scott Kelly, an argument that ballooned into a bitter Twitter feud.
“Maybe you can find a job at McDonald’s, if McDonald’s still exists in Russia,” Kelly tweeted at the space chief on Sunday.
Lashing Out
Rogozin has garnered a reputation for making hotheaded comments and repeatedly lashing out at the international community over the years. Most recently, he’s griped that Roscosmos was being unfairly targeted by fresh waves of sanctions, the result of Russia’s troops invading Ukraine this year.
Rogozin went as far as to seemingly threaten the United States with a plummeting International Space Station late last month, then posting a bizarre video of the station breaking apart on Twitter over the weekend.
In short, Rogozin is actively burying any good will Roscosmos had left, potentially cutting the organization off from any future collaborations with international partners.
And that has the agency in dire straits. Rogozin has already had to resort to slashing his own salary, as well as that of other top figures, significantly.
His controversial scorched Earth approach has earned him plenty of derision and mockery — and only time will tell if Roscosmos will be able to pick up the pieces once the dust has settled.
Een Egyptisch-Oostenrijks team van archeologen heeft meer dan twintig ronde graansilo’s opgegraven in Kom Ombo in het zuiden van Egypte. Volgens de archeologen vormden de silo’s tussen 2.180 en 2.050 voor Christus een belangrijk distributiecentrum voor de Egyptische graanhandel.
De ontdekking werd gedaan in de buurt van de beroemde Tempel van Kom Ombo, die stamt uit de veel latere periode 180 - 47 v.Chr. Het archeologische onderzoek was onderdeel van een project dat al sinds 2017 loopt, om de restanten van Kom Ombo in kaart te brengen. Vreemd genoeg is hier namelijk nooit systematisch archeologisch onderzoek verricht.
De ligging van Kom Ombo
Publiek Domein.
WAT IS ER GEVONDEN?
“De architectonische elementen van de silo’s zijn uitzonderlijk goed bewaard gebleven”, liet archeoloog Abd El-Moniem weten in een interview met de Luxor Times. “Sommige muren zijn zelfs nog zo’n twee meter hoog.” Ook melden de archeologen dat de grootste silo’s een diameter van twee meter lang hebben, en dat er botten en uitwerpselen van ratten zijn aangetroffen. “Dit bewijst dat er ongedierte aanwezig was in de silo’s”, aldus El-Moniem.
Egyptisch Ministerie van Oudheden.
GESCHIEDENIS VAN KOM OMBO
Het is niet geheel duidelijk wanneer Kom Ombo precies gesticht is. Wel weten we dat de stichting op zijn laatst plaats heeft gevonden in de tijd van het Oude Rijk (ca. 2.686 - 2.181 v.Chr.). Gedurende alle dertig dynastieën die het oude Egypte gekend heeft, diende Kom Ombo als garnizoensstad. Deze stad lag namelijk op een strategische locatie, aan een belangrijke handelsroute tussen Nubië in het huidige Soedan, en de steden in het noorden van Egypte. Over het algemeen gaan historici ervan uit dat de stad pas echt belangrijk werd tijdens de heerschappij van de Ptolemaeën (305 - 30 v.Chr.), de van oorsprong Griekse dynastie die over Egypte heerste, nadat Alexander de Grote in 332 v.Chr. Egypte veroverde. Met name in 180 v.Chr. toen farao Ptolemaeus VI Philometor (ca. 191 - 145 v.Chr.) de opdracht gaf om de Tempel van Kom Ombo te bouwen.
De Tempel van Kom Ombo
Olaf Tausch via Wikimedia Commons.
NIEUW INZICHT
Maar Kom Ombo was dus niet alleen belangrijk vanaf de tweede eeuw voor Christus. El-Moniem: “Deze unieke ontdekking in Kom Ombo laat het belang zien van de stad in Opper-Egypte, gedurende de Eerste Tussenperiode (ca. 2180 en 2050 v.Chr.).” De Eerste Tussenperiode is de benaming voor de overgangsfase tussen het Oude- en het Middenrijk, waarin het centrale gezag van de farao tijdelijk wegviel.
This has been found beside the temple at Kom Ombo. You can see a tour boat in the background. I wonder if this used to be the lovely park we spent time in while Akram broke his fast before we went to the temple in the evening
Archaeologists Discover 4000-Year-Old Silos in Upper Egypt
FIP Administrative Building Discovered in Kom Ombo
The Egyptian-Austrian archaeological mission working at Kom Ombo (45 kilometres north of Aswan and 170 kilometres south of Luxor) discovers an administrative building dated to the First Intermediate Period (FIP) (2180-2050 B.C).
Dr Mostafa Waziry said “During the excavation to the northern east side of the ptolemaic temple, a large administrative building with more than 20 conical silos used to store grains were discovered. The administrative facility is dated to the First Intermediate Period.”
Dr Waziry added “This discovery highlights the importance of Kom Ombo during the FIP as it has a large population and it was a center for agricultural and commercial activities.”
Dr Abd El-Moniem Said (Director of Aswan and Nubia antiquities) explained “The architectural elements of the silos are very well preserved and some of the silos walls standing as two meters hight. The existence of rats bones remains and feces proves vermin infestation in the storage rooms.
Dr Irene Forstner-Müller (Director of the Austrian mission of the Austrian Archaeological Institute) said “During the mission’s work over the previous seasons at the archaeological site around the Ptolemaic temple, the remains of a fortress was probably built during the British occupation during the 19th century and was used as an observation and defense point by the Nile during the Mahdist revolution in Sudan (1881-1898)”
Think “Interstellar” or “Event Horizon.” These wormholes could allow a person to jump into one black hole and emerge in a totally different galaxy, in a totally different part of the universe.
Unfortunately, most leading hypotheses surrounding wormholes suggest that they would collapse as soon as they formed due to instability. However, one new theory slated to be published in The Journal of Modern Physics D posits that, actually, wormholes can remain stable enough for objects to enter on one side and leave through the other.
Wormhole Metrics
The theory, by Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon computer scientist Pascal Koiran, relies on the Eddington-Finkelstein metric to describe the movements of objects in and around a wormhole. This metric differs from the more often used Schwarzschild metric, which breaks down once an object reaches the event horizon, meaning the point at which no object can escape the pull of a black hole, according to LiveScience‘s writeup of Koiran’s work.
Using the Eddington-Finkelstein metric, though, Koiran was able to mathematically simulate a path for an object into a black hole and through a wormhole instead of breaking down at the event horizon.
Of course, this doesn’t necessarily mean that jumping through any ol’ black hole will send you across the universe. However, it does pose a very interesting theory that shows that wormholes wouldn’t just instantly collapse as soon as they’re created.
SCIENTISTS CAPTURE FIRST-EVER IMAGE OF QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT
SCIENTISTS CAPTURE FIRST-EVER IMAGE OF QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT
THE IMAGE PAVES THE WAY FOR TOOLS TO ANALYZE QUANTUM BEHAVIOR.
UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW
Candid
Scientists just managed to snap an image of two photons linked by quantum entanglement, marking the first time that the bizarre phenomenon has been captured with a camera.
The image shows two photons that have been linked through quantum entanglement, which means that they instantly respond to changes that occur in each other, even if they’re separated by a vast physical distance, according to research published Friday in the journal Science Advances. This first-ever photographic evidence of entanglement could help scientists better understand new technology, reports New Atlas, like quantum computers or cryptography.
Rapid-Fire
Taking the image was no easy task, according to the research. The University of Glasgow physicists rigged a camera to capture 40,000 frames per second of an experimental setup that they maintained at -30 degrees Celsius in pitch black. They then had to comb through thousands of frames to find signs of entanglement.
“The image we’ve managed to capture is an elegant demonstration of a fundamental property of nature, seen for the very first time in the form of an image,” Glasgow physicist Paul-Antoine Moreau, told New Atlas. “It’s an exciting result which could be used to advance the emerging field of quantum computing and lead to new types of imaging.”
Barcelona-based startup Kreios Space wants to unleash the potential of very low Earth orbit (VLEO) satellite missions.
Its secret weapon? The company is developing a fuel-free propulsion system that enables satellites to orbit much closer to Earth.
"Right now, very low Earth orbit is an unused orbit simply because of the lack of propulsion systems capable of staying in this orbit," Jan Mataró, Kreios Space CTO told IE in an interview at the Mobile World Congress. "But it could allow for a huge increase in the resolution for both telecommunications and earth observation."
What is very low Earth orbit?
VLEO is roughly defined as any orbit in the range between 95 miles to 250 miles of altitude. As a point of reference, the Kármán Line, which some define as the boundary of space, is about 65 miles high. Most satellite missions currently operate at about 370 miles or much higher, where they can maintain an orbit that keeps them rotating around Earth with minimal thrust.
Operations in VLEO can provide substantial benefits, according to Kreios Space, but it is currently an unexploited orbit due to the fact that constant thrust is needed to prevent satellites from deorbiting because of the atmospheric drag effect at this relatively low altitude.
With current technologies, this constant orbital correction would simply be too costly, but Kreios Space thinks it has the solution — and it's one that could also help with the growing problem of space debris. Called ABEP, which stands for Air-Breathing Electric Propulsion, the company's system works by absorbing air to generate plasma, which is then accelerated through an IPT thruster and electromagnetic nozzle. And yes, there is still some air in the altitude at which ABEP will operate. The team at Kreios Space believes its system will lower the costs of VLEO operations enough to make them feasible.
There's no space debris in VLEO
But what are the main benefits of operating in VLEO? "Descending to VLEO would provide two major improvements," Mataró told IE. "The first one is a massive increase in resolution for satellite images, and the second comes from the fact that space debris does not accumulate at this altitude."
To be precise, Kreios Space says operating in VLEO will allow a 16x increase in resolution for Earth observation and telecommunications satellites. What's more, the firm claims its system "doesn't produce space debris" as satellites operating at such a low orbit will have to eventually make a planned deorbit. "When the satellite's lifetime is finished," Mataró said, "it will simply deorbit and disintegrate." More often than not, satellites are placed into a graveyard orbit at the end of their lifetime, which has resulted in a massive accumulation of orbital space debris over the years — according to the European Space Agency, there are approximately 98,000 tonnes worth of space objects currently hurtling around the planet.
According to a statement provided to IE, Kreios Space said it aims to have the first complete functional ABEP system ready by 2024. To do that, they hope to raise €2.5 million (approx. $2.7 million) over two upcoming investment rounds.
If Kreios Space — which is composed of six co-founding engineers from Barcelona — achieves its goal of making constant orbital corrections at such a low orbit affordable, it will open up a whole new avenue for satellite operators. This would reduce the cost of high-resolution images, making them more accessible to all. It would be of massive benefit to the scientific community, which is more reliant than ever on Earth observation.
Correction 09/03/22: An earlier version of this article incorrectly cited geostationary orbit and pointed to the effect of gravity on satellites as opposed to atmospheric drag. This was corrected.
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UFO Filmed By Airliner Pilot Over Colombia Found To Be Genuine
UFO Filmed By Airliner Pilot Over Colombia Found To Be Genuine
An Airbus A320 pilot, on a routine flight over Medellin, Colombia, looked out the cockpit window and spotted something he had never seen before in the clouds – a UFO. And now, many experts have agreed that the mysterious object filmed by an eyewitness is “real”.
The pilot quickly grabbed his phone and began filming the mysterious object, first pointing the camera at his altimeter, which shows he was flying at about 30,000 feet, and then pointing it out the window towards the clouds.
The pilot zoomed in and immediately saw a strange geometric metal object flying in a straight line in the opposite direction.
The Proof Is Out There on the History channel further examined the footage, after which it became definitely clear that the UFO looks like a polyhedron. Various video experts were then interviewed.
One researcher has suggested that the object’s diameter is between 10 and 15 feet, but its structure is unlike any flying object on Earth.
The aviation expert added that the object was moving too slowly to be a plane or a rocket, which implies that it does not look like a drone at all.
Against this backdrop, it has been suggested that it could be a solar orb, but this is highly unlikely as they do not “survive” at such a high altitude.
“I don’t have a good explanation,” the specialist said. Against this background, the interviewed experts classified the material as one of the “real UFOs”.
Commentators also agreed with the findings and suggested that the pilot was able to quickly zoom in on the object because he had already seen it, followed it, grabbed his phone, and knew where to shoot:
“Pilots are required to have excellent vision to fly. Some commercial pilots once were military fighter pilots and they needed to have ABOVE average vision. All pilots are supposed to scan the sky visually to avoid collisions. The object traveled slower than them so it stuck out visually. It isn’t surprising that he could spot it and then zoom in on it,” wrote one commentator.
Many believe that a UFO is a weather balloon sent to the planet to collect samples or conduct surveillance. It is also interesting to note that Navy FA-18 fighter pilots saw similar UFOs at 35,000 feet off the East Coast a few years ago.
The Department of Defense is still investigating what those objects were. Meanwhile, Medellin is no stranger to sightings. This South American city has witnessed so many events that it has been nicknamed the New Roswell.
RONDWORM MET MINIBREIN NEEMT BEHOORLIJK SLIMME BESLISSINGEN
RONDWORM MET MINIBREIN NEEMT BEHOORLIJK SLIMME BESLISSINGEN
Jean-Paul Keulen
Een wormpje met een behoorlijk klein stel hersenen zet zijn beet op doordachte wijze in bij het bewaken van zijn voedselvoorraad.
In eerste instantie lijkt het eetgedrag van de rondworm Pristionchus pacificus (P. pacificus) ontzettend simpel. Het enige wat dit wormpje van ongeveer een millimeter lang doet, is bijten. Komt het bacteriën tegen die het kan eten? Hap. Komt het een larve tegen van de worm Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans)? Hap. Komt het een volwassen exemplaar van C. elegans tegen? Hap.
Maar, zo hebben neurowetenschappers Kathleen Quach en Sreekanth Chalasani van het Salk Institute for Biological Studies vastgesteld in hun lab: in werkelijkheid lijken er flink wat afwegingen schuil te gaan achter de beten van P. pacificus. En dat terwijl het diertje het moet doen met een brein dat maar zo’n driehonderd neuronen bevat, waar onze hersenen er zo’n 86 miljard hebben.
Zes uur bijten
Wat de situatie rond P. pacificus en C. elegans complex maakt, is dat C. elegans een dubbelrol speelt. Deze worm is zowel een prooi van P. pacifus, als een concurrent. Hij voedt zich namelijk met dezelfde bacteriën als P. pacificus, maar doet dat anderhalf keer zo snel.
Daarbij komt dat vooral de larven van C. elegans geschikt zijn als prooi. Die bijt P. pacificus in één keer dood, waarna de maaltijd kan beginnen. Wil P. pacificus zich vergrijpen aan een volwassen C. elegans, dan wordt het een heel ander verhaal. Zes uur bijten voordat de prooi/concurrent het loodje legt, is geen uitzondering, zo blijkt uit de experimenten van Quach en Chalasani. Maar: een gebeten C. elegans druipt wel af na een enkele beet – en zal dan dus minder van de bacteriën opeten waar P. pacificus het ook op heeft voorzien.
Een C. elegans-worm (rechts) vlucht weg voor een bijtende P. pacificus.
Kortom, het bijtgedrag van P. pacificus kan twee doelen dienen. Ofwel het gaat om eten (van bacteriën of larven), ofwel het gaat om het wegjagen van concurrenten om de voedselvoorraad te beschermen.
Eten of verjagen
Nu zou je kunnen denken dat P. pacificus zich simpelweg in alles vastbijt dat op voedsel lijkt. Blijkt dat een kwakje bacteriën of een larve, dan heeft hij meteen wat te eten. Zet hij zijn tanden per ongeluk in een volwassen C. elegans, dan heeft hij in eerste instantie pech: zo’n grote worm krijgt hij niet zomaar dood. Maar dat pakt dan op de langere termijn toch positief uit voor de hoeveelheid bacteriën die tot zijn beschikking staat.
Het zit echter complexer dan dat. Als er weinig tot geen bacteriën in de buurt zijn, blijkt P. pacificus de volwassen C. elegans-wormen voornamelijk met rust te laten. Bij een overvloed aan bacteriën idem dito. Alleen als er een schaarse hoeveelheid bacteriën is, moeten volwassen C. elegans gaan uitkijken: dan zet P. pacificus het op een bijten. Bovendien lijkt P. pacificus in die situatie sneller te gaan bewegen en actief op zoek te gaan naar C. elegans die het op ‘zijn’ bacteriën voorzien hebben.
Zijn kleine brein ten spijt, lijkt P. pacificus dus behoorlijk slim te werk te gaan. Zijn beet kan bedoeld zijn om te eten of te verjagen, afhankelijk van de omstandigheden.
Bijtbereidheid
Quach en Chalasani zijn allesbehalve uitgekeken op hun wormpjes en hebben volop plannen voor vervolgonderzoek. Zo keken ze nu alleen naar hoeveel energie bacteriën of wormen P. pacificus opleverden, niet naar specifieke voedings- of giftige stoffen. Ook varieert de ‘bijtbereidheid’ per worm; de onderzoekers zouden graag begrijpen waarom sommige exemplaren van P. pacificus zoveel agressiever zijn dan andere.
Maar, zo schrijven ze, hun uiteindelijke doel is om uit te vinden hoe dat handjevol neuronen zulke complexe beslissingen neemt.
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Strange Alien UFO Spotted Above South Carolina Released Strange Pulsing Orbs
Strange Alien UFO Spotted Above South Carolina Released Strange Pulsing Orbs
On January 6, a retired US Air Force veteran in Orangeburg, South Carolina, captured this clip.
The raw video of the alleged UFO sighting in provided to ufologist Scott Warring. In a recent article, he wrote, “It’s mind-blowing!” A lot of footage of UFOs has been shown over the years, but this is the closest shot of one I’ve ever seen!
I watched the video several times and found no evidence that it was a hoax. With covid and the late-night hours, it’s very improbable that anyone else saw the craft that night.
“The city of Orangeburg has a tiny population of just 12,000 people. But with Covid-19, and the late night hours, it is quite unlikely that anyone else saw this craft that night.
“Indeed, alien spaceships hover straight above our houses when we are all asleep.”
In the footage, we can see that the strange flying object emerged from the forest line. There were two orbs blinking red after a few seconds.
“I worked on C-17s in the Air Force and know that this is not an aircraft,” the video’s creator explains. He said the object was moving slowly toward the neighbors and then disappeared into the woods.
“When I left the house, I was scared. I thought something was wrong. When I got outside, I saw them walk through the swamp towards the woods.” The end of the movie saw the red orbs transform from a vertical position to a horizontal one, signaling the end of the movie.
Shapeshifting, for most people, provokes imagery of nothing more than centuries-old tales of savage, murderous werewolves and of big-bucks movies, such as An American Werewolf in London, Underworld, Dog Soldiers, and The Wolfman. That is not the case, however. As incredible as it may seem, shapeshifters are not merely the stuff of Hollywood and urban tales of a friend-of-a-friend variety. Rather, they are all too menacingly real. And, they are not all of the man-turns-into-wolf variety, either. Quite the opposite, actually: shapeshifters come in all kinds and sizes and have done so for countless millennia. While the traditional image of the werewolf is, without a doubt, the first thing that springs to mind when a discussion of shapeshifters takes place, the truth of the matter is that there is a veritable menagerie of such infernal things in our midst. Were-cats, were-tigers, were-hyenas, and were-coyotes are also near the top of the monstrous list. Then, there are the ancient beliefs that those who died violent deaths – or those who were, themselves, murderers – were often destined to return to our plain of existence in the forms of hideous beasts, including wild and savage ape-like animals, fearsome black dogs with glowing and blazing red eyes, and mermaid-like things. There are also beings from other worlds: aliens, extraterrestrials, and Men in Black.
(Nick Redfern)
The Nessies of Scotland have the supernatural ability to transfer into wild, black horses
Even the legendary monsters of Loch Ness, Scotland, are believed – in certain monster-hunting quarters – to be paranormal beasts that have the ability to alter their appearances at will. As are legendary vampires, who, the old legends suggest, can transform into the likes of bats and wolves. Collectively, all of these “things” amount to an absolute army of otherworldly creatures, and half-human monsters that have plagued and tormented us since the dawning of civilization. And, they show zero signs of slowing down anytime soon. The things you thought were only fit for campfire tales, late-night stories intended to thrill little children, and entertaining monster-movies, are, in actuality, creatures of the real world. Of our world. Shapeshifters are everywhere: they lurk in the shadows, in the deep woods and expansive forests, in dark and dank caves, and in the murky waters of our lakes and rivers. Maybe even, after sunset, in the recesses of your very own backyard, patiently waiting to pounce. And many of them like nothing better than to terrorize and torment us, the human race. And, today, I’m going to share with you a case that really stands out int the shapeshifting category.
Pauline Fry, who I interviewed in 2013, had a very strange encounter with a Man in Black back in October 1973, when she was living in Pasadena, California. It’s notable, and probably relevant, for me to reveal that a major UFO wave was going on at that time, and all across the United States. While hiking in the California hills one Sunday morning, Pauline encountered a classic, silver-colored flying saucer-style UFO which, at first, at least, was high in the sky. Suddenly, it dropped to around fifty or sixty above her, hanging there in an odd, wobbling fashion. Amazed, Pauline could only stare as the silent craft bobbed around – like a boat on churning waters – and then shot away at high speed. Pauline raced home and excitedly told her family of what had just taken place. They, apparently, weren’t the only ones who knew what had occurred on the fateful morning in 1973. Three days later, and after sunset, Pauline had a visitor. Not a welcome one, I should stress. It was a Man in Black, a skinny – almost emaciated – old man, dressed in a shabby black suit, looking pale and ill, and wearing an old, 1950s-style fedora hat.
(Nick Redfern)
Beware of those creepy black cars and the things inside them
Pauline said that she felt her mind was briefly enslaved, as the MIB near-hypnotically asked her to invite him into her home. In a slight daze, and to her eternal cost, she did exactly that. She retreated to the couch, stumbling slightly and feeling ice-cold. The old man followed her, and stood in the living-room, looming over her, as he warned her – in no uncertain terms – never to discuss her close encounter again. Ever. The MIB then turned around and headed to the door. At that exact same moment, Pauline felt her mental faculties return to normal and she raced after him, just as he exited the door and closed it behind him. Pauline threw the door open wide, only to find the old Man in Black gone. In his place, however, was something else: it was a large, black dog with bright red eyes. It snapped and snarled in Pauline’s direction and in what was clearly a deeply malevolent, dangerous fashion.
She stared in horror as the glowing-eyed monster prowled around the yard, clearly intent on adding to the malevolent atmosphere that was already firmly in place. Suddenly, and as if out of nowhere, a large, black Cadillac – that looked decades-old in design – appeared and screeched to a halt outside of Pauline’s home. It should be noted, here, that the MIB almost always drive such cars of that particular type, age and color. Pauline watched, shocked and scared, as the back door on the driver’s-side opened and the fiendish black hound bounded across the front yard and leapt into the back of the Cadillac, which shot away at high speed! Today, Pauline – now a grandmother and someone who is fairly comfortable about sharing her bizarre experience – is of a firm opinion that the aged MIB and the red-eyed beast were one and the same: A DangerousShapeshifter.
In a recent story, an ‘expert’ in extraterrestrials and UFOs suggested the reason Russia invaded Ukraine was to get possession of an “alien space ark” whose existence would be confirmed when it rose from its underground hiding place and flew into the air. As of this writing, that event hasn’t been reported by mainstream or military news or social media. However, there have been a number of UFO sightings which have been reported and recorded – including one where the UFO appeared to engage in battle with Russian tanks. Are aliens, as one site suggests, attempting to prevent a nuclear war that would not only affect Earth but the rest of the solar system? Or are these just the usual visuals of aerial battles by unknown or secret planes and drones in smoky darkness that makes them UFOs?
Clouds or spaceship?
“He said, ‘There’s some miracle that happened. It looked like an attack (on the Russians) from a spaceship. There was some kind of lightning shooting from the sky.’ And sparks were spreading everywhere.”
This account was relayed to CBN News by its Ukraine director, Kostyantine Lytvynenko, who received it from a the father of a Ukrainian soldier who called to say he and his troops were in a desperate and seemingly losing battle. While the soldiers on the scene called it help from a “spaceship,” the news director left it open to “divine intervention” as well. Or both – there are many who support the idea that many “miracles” in religious texts could have been alien encounters.
Or pareidolia – there have a number of reports of clouds in the shape of angels or deities, as in this tweet (see it here).
Look at the sky. There is an Angel above Kiev #ukraine
Sightings like the green orb in this video said to from Kyiv had some people speculating on the answer to an often-asked question – why don’t the aliens intervene or save us.
An interesting respondent gives an answer from the ET’s perspective:
“Often you ask our operator the following question: “why are these extraterrestrials not intervening to solve our age problems?”. We ask you: according to you, earthly, how should we intervene? Do you force yourself to accept our scientific, social, moral and religious values? Truthly, tell us: what would your reactions be if we do this, thus violenting your freedom, your free will? By doing it, we would like to know if you would believe us better or worse than you, used as you are to coercing, violent, impose political and economic interests for egoistic and blaspical purposes. We would like to know!”(Google translation)
Would you take a cow instead?
We saved you … now you must follow our teachings/leadership/religion. How often in our history have humans done the same to other humans? Ukraine is not alone in the UFO sighting – a UFO recorded over St. Petersburg (watch it here) was said by the witness to be too fast and too bright to be a helicopter. Another unidentifiable wartime ship or something else? Another over Omsk was cigar-shaped and one in an unidentified area appeared to be triangular. A secret Russian jet? The U.S. can’t be the only country with triangular aircraft – can it?
How long before we see Tic Tacs over Ukraine or Russia?
These sightings should remind us how terrible wartime is – when people wish for alien intervention and even hope to see crafts from another planet rather than those of the enemy. Would we really be ready to trade our humanity for help from extraterrestrials?
Underwater ruins and pyramid of ancient civilization discovered off St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana
Underwater ruins and pyramid of ancient civilization discovered off St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana
Amateur archeologist Gelé says he’s discovered the ruins of an ancient civilization off the coast of St. Bernard Parish and he said: “All I know is somebody built a city 12,000 years ago and it’s stuck out in Chandeleur."
He claims there are large underwater granite mounds near the Chandeleur Islands that may have once been the site of the lost city.
“What’s down there are hundreds of buildings that are covered with sand and silt and that are geographically related to the Great Pyramid at Giza,” Gelé said.
He produced underwater sonar images of what he claims are remnants of major buildings, including a large pyramid which produces an electromagnetic energy that’s incredible,” Gelé said. “It is apparently 280 feet tall” reports wwltv.
This UFO video was just submitted to me, allegedly by a locals in Ukraine. This was filmed near Lviv in Sunday, 7th March 2022. Huge bright UFO was slowly flying over the night sky.
We know a ton about the inside of Earth. We know it has both an inner core and an outer core and that the churning and rotation create a protective magnetosphere that shields life from the Sun’s radiative power. It has a mantle, primarily solid but also home to magma. We know it has a crust, where we live, and plate tectonics that moves the continents around like playthings.
But what about Super-Earths? We know they’re out there; we’ve found them. What do we know about their insides? Earth’s structure, and its ability to support life, are shaped by the extreme pressure and density in its interior. The pressure and temperature inside Super-Earths are even more powerful. How does it shape these planets and affect their habitability?
Super-Earths are more massive planets than Earth but not as massive as our Solar System’s ice giant planets, Uranus and Neptune. Uranus and Neptune are 14.5 and 17 times more massive than Earth. Generally, a Super-Earth is about two times more massive than Earth to ten times more massive than Earth. There are no firm definitions for Super-Earths, and different sources use different mass categories.
Of the almost 5,000 confirmed exoplanets, NASA calls 1539 of them Super-Earths. Super-Earths are defined by their masses, not by their composition or other characteristics. There are a lot of them, and some of our nearest stellar neighbours appear to host Super-Earths. There are different classifications for Super-Earths according to their densities and compositions. But many of them have similar densities to Earth and are likely compositionally similar.
This screenshot from the NASA exoplanets website shows the types of planets discovered beyond our Solar System. Image Credit: NASA
A team of researchers at Carnegie University and other institutions investigated the effect of extreme pressure and temperature on minerals inside Super-Earths. They performed lab experiments to simulate their interiors. They subjected minerals to extreme pressures and temperatures to see what would happen to them in the mantles of this common type of planet.
Earth’s interior dynamics support life in different ways. The magnetosphere generated by the core is one way. The magnetosphere directs harmful solar radiation away from the planet’s surface and prevents the solar wind from stripping away the atmosphere.
On Earth, plate tectonics and mantle convection have a thermostatic effect on the climate. Volcanoes release heated material and CO2 into the Earth’s atmosphere, stopping Earth from getting too cold. The same processes regulate the amount of CO2 by subducting carbonates back into rock with the help of rainfall. Plate tectonics also creates the complex chemistry necessary for life. So scientists think that plate tectonics and mantle convection play a critical role in life’s appearance and Earth’s ongoing habitability.
How would the extreme conditions inside a Super-Earth affect its habitability?
“The interior dynamics of our planet are crucial for maintaining a surface environment where life can thrive—driving the geodynamo that creates our magnetic field and shaping the composition of our atmosphere,” explained Carnegie’s Rajkrishna Dutta, the paper’s lead author. “The conditions found in the depths of giant, rocky exoplanets such as super-Earths would be even more extreme.
Silicate minerals make up most of Earth’s crust. The high temperature and pressure exerted on silicate minerals create key boundaries between the upper and lower mantle deep inside our planet. Studies of rocky exoplanets show they might also have silicate crusts. They exhibit the same density, roughly, as Earth.
Since Super-Earths can be so much more massive than Earth, the temperature and pressure inside them would be even more extreme than on Earth. The researchers wanted to probe those conditions and the effect they have on silicate minerals. They wanted to know if new types of silicates would emerge and if they would behave differently.
Silicate minerals make up most of the Earth’s mantle and are thought to be a significant component of the interiors of other rocky planets. On Earth, the structural changes induced in silicates under high pressure and temperature conditions define key boundaries in Earth’s deep interior. The research team was interested in probing the emergence and behaviour of new forms of silicate under conditions mimicking those found in distant worlds. The illustration is courtesy of Kalliopi Monoyios.
Under normal conditions, most silicates are organized into the same orientation called a tetrahedral structure. A tetrahedral structure has one central atom bonded with four other atoms.
This is a 3D ball model of a tetrahedral molecule. A central atom is located at the center, with four substituents situated at the corners of a tetrahedron. Image Credit: Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1454649
Mg2SiO4, also known as Forsterite, is one of the most abundant silicate minerals in the Earth’s mantle above about 400 km (250 miles.) It’s likely abundant in rocky Super-Earths, too. Modelling shows that new phases of silicates emerge in extreme temperatures and pressures inside Super-Earths, but there’s no way to observe them. Calculations show that it requires about 490 GPa of pressure for new silicate phases to emerge. But there’s no way to simulate that pressure.
Fortunately, scientists can use an analog for silicates that responds the same way but at less extreme temperature and pressure. That analog is germanium. Specifically, it’s magnesium germanate, or Mg2GeO4. Calculations show that magnesium germanate also changes to a new phase at high pressure, but the threshold is lower. New phases emerge at about 175 GPa, and that pressure can be created in a lab.
The research team used a diamond anvil to subject Mg2GeO4 samples to extreme pressure, then heated them with a laser. They exposed the magnesium germanate to two million times Earth’s normal atmospheric pressure and watched as a new crystalline structure emerged.
At 2 million atmospheres, the central germanium atom bonded with eight oxygen atoms instead of four. The new mineral is called an “eight-coordinated, intrinsically discorded mineral,” and it could substantially affect the internal temperature and dynamics of Super-Earths.
Working with magnesium germanate, Mg2GeO4, analogous to one of the mantle’s most abundant silicate minerals, the team gleaned information about the potential mineralogy of super-Earths and other giant, rocky exoplanets. Under about 2 million times normal atmospheric pressure, a new phase emerged with a distinct crystalline structure that involves one germanium bonded with eight oxygens. Scientists expect the new eight-coordinated, intrinsically discorded mineral to strongly affect these planets’ internal temperature and dynamics. Image courtesy Rajkrishna Dutta.
“The discovery that under extreme pressures, silicates could take on a structure oriented around six bonds, rather than four, was a total game-changer in terms of scientists’ understanding of deep Earth dynamics,” explained study co-author Sally June Tracy. Tracy refers to the discovery of silicate-perovskite (now called bridgmanite) and post-perovskite. Perovskite is a mineral structure that only forms under high pressure. It’s not stable at Earth’s surface and mainly exists in the lower part of Earth’s mantle. Scientists first discovered natural silicate perovskite in a heavily shocked meteorite.
“The discovery of an eightfold orientation could have similarly revolutionary implications for how we think about the dynamics of exoplanet interiors,” said Tracy.
Seismic discontinuities create the boundaries between Earth’s core, mantle, and crust. A seismic discontinuity is a sudden jump in seismic velocity across a boundary. The different structures of minerals under high pressure and temperature help create these discontinuities. So in effect, the structure of the minerals contributes to regulating the heat flow from the planet’s interior to the surface and also to plate tectonics. As a result, the structure of the minerals is a big part of what determines habitability.
Minerals determine the boundaries in Earth’s core under different pressures and temperatures inside the planet. This figure shows the pressure as it increases with depth in green. It also shows the speed changes in S (red) and P (blue) seismic waves. The seismic discontinuities coincide with mineral changes. Image Credit: University of Maryland
In an email exchange with Universe Today, study lead author Rajkrishna Dutta explained the big picture.
“The germanate is an analogue for the silicate. So, we expect to see a silicate eight-coordinated phase in the deep mantle of large super-earth planets. Having an eight-coordinated phase suggests a tighter, denser crystal structure.”
How does a tighter, denser crystal structure affect a planet’s interior?
“A transition from the six-coordinated post-perovskite leads to significant (~2.5%) difference in volume. This suggests the possibility of a seismic discontinuity in the mantle of those giant planets. Depending on the slope of the transition (expected to be negative), this can create a boundary layer for subducting plates and mantle convection.”
The question is, how exactly will this affect Super-Earths’ potential habitability? Earth’s interior structure plays a considerable role in maintaining habitability. The same must be true on Super-Earths.
This artist’s impression shows the planet K2-18b, its host star and an accompanying planet in this system. As of 2019, K2-18b is the only super-Earth exoplanet known to host both water and temperatures that could support life. What role does the planet’s interior structure play in the potential habitability? Image Credit: ESA/Hubble, M. Kornmesser
“Not much is known about the geology of the large exoplanets. Our study is still preliminary, and further work needs to be done to understand the effect of the structure on the thermodynamic and rheological properties of this structure. But, interestingly, this structure is disordered, so the two very different-sized cations occupy the same site. This suggests, at such extreme conditions, materials may behave very differently and undergo more chemical mixing,” Dutta explained.
Previous studies on Super-Earths have produced different results. Some research shows that Super-Earths have much more powerful geological activity than Earth. The tectonic plates would be thinner and under more stress so that that plate tectonics would be more vigorous. Other research shows that Super-Earths would have much stronger crusts that inhibit plate tectonics. And there’s no widespread agreement among scientists that plate tectonics is necessary for life.
Unfortunately, we’re nowhere near understanding the interior structure and dynamics of distant exoplanets. The InSight lander is gathering data on the interior of Mars, which will give us one more data set on planetary interiors. But we’re nowhere near a comprehensive understanding of exoplanet interiors.
The InSight lander is gathering data on Mars’ interior. Though Mars is far from being a Super-Earth, the data InSight is gathering will help scientists understand planetary interiors better in general. The SEIS (Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure) instrument is under the white protective in this image. Image Credit: NASA/JPL
However, that doesn’t mean there’s no progress to be made.
“But, understanding of the interiors of these planets are mostly based on laboratory experiments and theoretical computations,” Dutta said. “This is a domain where a lot of collaborative work between geoscientists, astrophysicists, chemists is required. With more experiments and modelling, we believe we can get a clearer picture of these planetary interiors.”
That work will only increase as we discover more and more exoplanets.
“Just as the discovery of widespread, six-coordinated germanates/silicates profoundly altered our understanding of silicate crystal chemistry and its role in the Earth’s deep interior, the discovery of an eightfold-coordinated, intrinsically disordered germanate opens the possibility of previously unexplored crystal–chemical behavior in the silicate minerals of large, rocky exoplanets,” the authors write in their conclusion.
SpaceX’s first Jupiter launch a step closer as NASA begins assembling ‘Europa Clipper’
SpaceX’s first Jupiter launch a step closer as NASA begins assembling ‘Europa Clipper’
NASA says that the assembly of Europa Clipper has begun at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), in Southern California.
Europa Clipper is an interplanetary spacecraft developed by NASA to observe Europa, a large moon of Jupiter, over the course of a series of flybys while orbiting the gas giant. The Clipper’s primary goal is to determine whether Europa hosts conditions suitable for life in an immense liquid water ocean that lies under its icy surface. NASA has selected SpaceX to launch the ~$4.25 billion spacecraft to Jupiter in 2024 on its Falcon Heavy rocket – a contract SpaceX effectively beat out NASA’s own Space Launch System (SLS) rocket to win.
The engineering components and science instruments that make up the spacecraft’s flight hardware began development in 2016 and are expected to be completed by the end of 2022. These components come from across the United States and Europe and will be assembled at JPL. The main body of the spacecraft is a 10-foot-tall (3-meter-tall) cylindrical propulsion module. Fitted with electronics, radios, cables, and the spacecraft’s propulsion systems, it will ship to JPL this spring. Europa Clipper’s 10-foot-wide (3-meter-wide) high-gain antenna is expected to follow not long after.
The first instrument to arrive at JPL was the Europa-UVS, an ultraviolet spectrograph that was assembled in San Antonio, Texas. Europa-UVS will search above the surface of Europa for signs of plumes. The instrument collects ultraviolet light, then separates the wavelengths of that light to help determine the composition of the moon’s surface and gases in the atmosphere.
As components of the spacecraft arrive, they will be integrated together and re-tested. Engineers need to be sure the instruments can communicate with the flight computer, spacecraft software, and power subsystems.
“Once all the components have been integrated to form the large flight system, Europa Clipper will move to JPL’s enormous thermal vacuum chamber for testing that simulates the harsh environment of deep space. There also will be intense vibration testing to ensure Europa Clipper can withstand the jostling of launch. Then it’s off to Cape Canaveral, Florida, for an October 2024 launch.”
According to NASA, “when it’s fully assembled, Europa Clipper will be as large as an SUV [and have] solar arrays long enough to span a basketball court – all the better to help power the spacecraft during its journey to Jupiter’s icy moon Europa.”
Previous imagery has already provided scientists with certainty that Europa’s surface is made up of mostly water ice. Additionally, other data about the moon’s physical characteristics have engendered great confidence that beneath or within some of that 15-mile-thick ice lies pockets of liquid water that could go thousands of years between re-freezing events. Those water pockets could potentially be habitable and even contain microbial life that Europa Clipper could detect.
The icy crust of Jupiter’s fourth-largest moon, Europa, may hold pockets of liquid water that could support life.
Some scientists like Monica Grady, Chancellor at Liverpool Hope University, believe it is almost certain that Europa is harboring life. “When it comes to the prospects of life beyond Earth, it’s almost a racing certainty that there’s life beneath the ice on Europa,” stated Grady in 2020.
NASA says that “Europa Clipper will orbit Jupiter and conduct multiple close flybys of Europa to gather data on the moon’s atmosphere, surface, and interior. Its sophisticated payload will investigate everything from the depth and salinity of the ocean to the thickness of the ice crust to the characteristics of potential plumes that may be venting subsurface water into space.”
Falcon Heavy, 2019. (SpaceX)
Europa Clipper will be carried into space aboard a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket, the most powerful operational rocket today. The ~$178 million launch contract was announced on July 23rd, 2021. Following a tentative Q4 2024 launch into heliocentric (sun-orbiting) space, Europa Clipper will spend around three years in deep space, performing gravity-assist maneuvers at Earth and Mars to eventually boost itself to Jupiter for a 2028 arrival.
Now I have long believed that many UFOs will pick and choose where and when to show up at in order for more eyewitnesses to see them. Here is just such an occurrence. A UFO shot over a stadium in Rome, Italy on Saturday night. The stadium is big, 70,000 seats! So a lot of people noticed it as it shot overhead. This is fantastic!
I just found this UFO video of alleged sighting over Kiev in Ukraine on 5th March 2022. Although I find it a little strange that the city is so full of lights during this hard times.
‘Ruimteruzie’ tussen VS en Rusland escaleert verder op Twitter: “Misschien kan je een baan vinden bij McDonald’s”
De Russische ruimtechef Dmitry Rogozin en de voormalige astronaut Scott Kelly zijn verwikkeld geraakt in een stevige online discussie. Aanleiding is een tweet waarin Amerikaanse vlaggen van Russische raketten worden verwijderd. “Onze raketten zien er zo mooier uit”, klinkt het. Het ruimtepartnerschap tussen de VS en Rusland staat al op losse schroeven, nadat Rusland enkele internationale samenwerkingen op het ruimtestation ISS stopzette.
Glenn Haex
Vorige week plaatste de Russische ruimtechef Dmitry Rogozin een video waarop technici de vlaggen van onder meer de Verenigde Staten en Japan op een raket overplakken. Het gaat om een Sojoez-raket die 36 internetsatellieten moest lanceren voor het Britse bedrijf OneWeb. De lancering, gepland op vier maart, ging uiteindelijk niet door omdat het niet volgens de eisen van de Russische ruimtevaartorganisatie Roscosmos zou gebeuren.
Rogozin gebruikt de video nu om zijn eigen mening te geven: “Zonder de vlaggen van sommige landen zien onze raketten er een stuk mooier uit.” Scott Kelly, een Amerikaanse ruimtevaarder die een jaar aan boord van het ISS doorbracht, reageert daarop het volgende: “Dimon, zonder die vlaggen en de buitenlandse valuta die ze binnenbrengen, is je ruimteprogramma geen moer meer waard. Misschien kun je een baan vinden bij McDonald’s als McDonald’s nog bestaat in Rusland.”
Een woedende Rogozin antwoordt vervolgens: “Ga weg, idioot! Anders zal de dood van het ISS op je geweten zijn!” Een tweet die hij al snel verwijdert. Dat is Scott Kelly echter niet ontgaan: hij plaatst de tweet van zijn tegenstander opnieuw: “Dimon, waarom heb je deze tweet verwijderd? Wil je niet dat iedereen ziet wat voor kind je bent?” Handig om de discussie ten volle te snappen: Dimon is een vertroetelende vorm van Dmitry.
Daar laat Rogozin het niet bij. Hij antwoordt maandag het volgende: “U provoceert me onnodig. We kennen elkaar niet, maar u... noemt me ‘Dimon’. Ik zal niet toestaan dat u zich zo gedraagt bij mij. U bent uitdagend en destructief. Misschien zijn de dementie en agressie die je hebt ontwikkeld een gevolg van de overbelasting en stress van vier vluchten naar de ruimte. Ik nodig je uit om een onderzoek te ondergaan in het Herseninstituut van ons Federaal Medisch en Biologisch Agentschap.”
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WATCH AN AI TURN MUSIC INTO A BRAIN-MELTING VISUALIZATION
WATCH AN AI TURN MUSIC INTO A BRAIN-MELTING VISUALIZATION
"THE AI DOES NOT FULLY CREATE THE WORK, AND NEITHER DO I. IT IS VERY MUCH A COLLABORATION."
XANDER STEENBRUGGE
Neural Synesthesia
Synesthesia is the rare condition when our senses melt together — some say they can hear colors, others that they can taste words.
But what if we let the senses of an artificial intelligence overlap instead? Belgium-based machine learning researcher and educator Xander Steenbrugge has developed a neural network that can turn music into trippy visualizations.
It’s an impressive example of the synthesis between human-created artforms and AI algorithms.
Making Music
Steenbrugge’s project, called “Neural Synesthesia,” makes use of a generative adversarial network.
“This project is an attempt to explore new approaches to audiovisual experience based on Artificial Intelligence,” wrote Steenbrugge in a description of his project. ” I do not create these works, I co-create them with the AI models that I bring to life.”
First, Steenbrugge feeds an AI algorithm a basic dataset of images, then trains the model to replicate their visual style. Finally he allows the AI to twist and blend the visuals based on parameters Steenbrugge pulls out of different audio sources using a “custom feature extraction pipeline.”
“The AI does not fully create the work, and neither do I. It is very much a collaboration,” adds Steenbrugge.
SpaceX CEO Elon Musk tweeted on Friday that there would be “slight delays” ahead for the company’s experimental Mars-bound spacecraft. To blame, the billionaire said, was SpaceX having to dedicated more resources to fighting escalating cyber attacks on Starlink satellites by Russia after the space company sent Ukraine a shipment of its internet terminals.
Flight Delays
Starship’s first launch has been delayed numerous times now, with much of it due to pending regulatory approval from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). However, this latest instance comes amidst a time of geopolitical turmoil caused by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
After being criticized for not helping the country, Musk sent a shipment of Starlink terminals to Ukraine, much to the chagrin of Moscow. The billionaire later tweeted that this would likely make SpaceX a target for Russian cyberattacks.
“Some Starlink terminals near conflict areas were being jammed for several hours at a time,”Musk posted on Saturday. “Our latest software update bypasses the jamming.”
It is slightly unclear why exactly a cyber attack or even anti-satellite attacks on Starlink would result in a delay of Starship. Is SpaceX pulling aerospace engineers to work on cybersecurity? Seems doubtful. In reality, it could just be a convenient excuse for Starship’s latest delay.
SCIENTISTS CREATE JET ENGINE POWERED BY ONLY ELECTRICITY
SCIENTISTS CREATE JET ENGINE POWERED BY ONLY ELECTRICITY
THE PROTOTYPE DEVICE DOESN'T USE ANY FOSSIL FUELS TO GENERATE THRUST.
PIXABAY/VICTOR TANGERMANN
Clean Air
A prototype jet engine can propel itself without using any fossil fuels, potentially paving the way for carbon-neutral air travel.
The device compresses air and ionizes it with microwaves, generating plasma that thrusts it forward, according to research published Tuesday in the journal AIP Advances. That means planes may someday fly using just electricity and the air around them as fuel.
Scaling Up
There’s a long way to go between a proof-of-concept prototype and installing an engine in a real plane. But the prototype was able to launch a one-kilogram steel ball 24 millimeters into the air. That’s the same thrust, proportional to scale, as a conventional jet engine.
“Our results demonstrated that such a jet engine based on microwave air plasma can be a potentially viable alternative to the conventional fossil fuel jet engine,” lead researcher and Wuhan University engineer Jau Tang said in a press release.
Air Jet
Air travel represents a small but not insignificant portion factor of climate change. The New York Timesreported in September that commercial air is responsible for 2.5 percent of all greenhouse gas emissions — though that excludes military jets.
“The motivation of our work is to help solve the global warming problems owing to humans’ use of fossil fuel combustion engines to power machinery, such as cars and airplanes,” Tang said in the release. “There is no need for fossil fuel with our design, and therefore, there is no carbon emission to cause greenhouse effects and global warming.”
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NASA ISS ENGINEER SAYS RELATIONSHIPS WITH RUSSIAN COUNTERPARTS STILL CORDIAL
NASA ISS ENGINEER SAYS RELATIONSHIPS WITH RUSSIAN COUNTERPARTS STILL CORDIAL
"WE HAVE THE SAME GOAL… TO ENSURE THE CREW AND VEHICLE ARE SAFE."
NASA
Watercooler Talk
Despite the geopolitical drama unfolding on Earth, tensions on the International Space Station (ISS) are virtually nonexistent, according to one station engineer.
Todd Horelica, a NASA flight controller and safety engineer for the ISS, said that the Russian invasion of Ukraine hasn’t impacted operations aboard the orbital laboratory for him, and he’s even had some nice interactions with his Russian colleagues recently.
“Many have been wondering how the conflict in eastern Europe has affected ISS operations,” he tweeted. “It hasn’t… at least at my level. I had a pleasurable chat with my Russian counterpart today. It was business as usual. We have the same goal… to ensure the crew and vehicle are safe.”
Rantin’ Rogozin
Despite Horelica’s message, the fact remains that tensions on Earth have many worried that it could escalate to the ISS. This is due largely in part to the bloviating words of Dmitry Rogozin, the head of Russia’s space agency Roscosmos.
Luckily, it seems like the rest of Roscosmos is much more level-headed than their leader. However, as tensions continue to escalate, who knows how long the cordial working relationship we’ve enjoyed with our Russian counterparts will last.
Advances in flow cytometry drive small bioparticle research
Advances in flow cytometry drive small bioparticle research
For researchers exploring the nature of small bioparticles, like extracellular vesicles or artificial nanoparticles, flow cytometry has largely been out of reach. No longer.
During the process of exocytosis, cells release membrane-bound vesicles (shown) into the extracellular space. Such bioparticles facilitate cell-to-cell signalling.
Credit: Meletios Verras/Shutterstock
In science, some of the most valuable discoveries hide in plain sight. Such was the case for extracellular vesicles (EVs). The small lipid-bilayer compartments are released from cells and contain nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. For decades, most researchers considered them insignificant. Many referred to them simply as platelet dust1.
In 2006, a series of published papers detailed the roles of EVs in intracellular communication. The findings spurred a wave of research. Between 2010 and 2019, the published mentions of EVs grew by 10 times from around 400 to more than 50002. Researchers now believe that EVs, which can be characterized into distinct subtypes, are vital in cell-to-cell signaling, and could serve as drug-delivery vectors and disease biomarkers.
“Extracellular vesicles are a really hot area of research right now,” says Stephanie Brunelle, a molecular biologist, and senior product manager for flow cytometry at the biotechnology company, Luminex in Seattle. “Many think they could be the next big biomarker.”
The challenge, Brunelle says, is analyzing and quantifying them.
While a number of methods exist, one of the most logical ones, flow cytometry, was until recently out of reach3. Flow cytometry is a bench-standard technique for cell sorting and quantification, and lends itself to high-throughput methods. But it was not sensitive enough to assess EVs or any other small bioparticles, whether artificial nanoparticles or small bacterial cells. Advances in imaging, assays and software are now enabling small-particle flow cytometry, and will almost certainly drive an even bigger wave of published EV research in the years ahead.
A better flow
Researchers have long used flow cytometry to count and characterize cells as microfluidics guide them over a detector. But human cells can be relatively large, up to 150 micrometres in diameter. EVs are decidedly smaller. One particularly interesting subtype of EVs, exosomes, have diameters between 30 to 100 nanometres, three orders of magnitude smaller than the average cell4.
Particles that small often emit signals too dim for standard flow cytometers to reliably detect, pushing researchers and companies to improve them. For example, flow cytometers traditionally used a photomultiplier tube as a sensor, but more modern devices incorporate more sensitive avalanche photodiodes or even CCD cameras, which can be five to 10 times as sensitive as PMTs. Luminex, for instance, makes a camera-based system.
“This technology is really great for detecting small particles,” Brunelle says.
Likewise researchers have developed improved assays and detection algorithms and their efforts have made the latest flow cytometers and techniques well suited to analysing and quantifying bioparticles.
Work is now ongoing to detect even dimmer signals. Many researchers are now interested in specific molecules inside EVs or carried on their surface, which can yield important clues about EVs’ purpose and mechanisms. But signals from those molecules can be between 10,000 and one million times dimmer than standard cells.
“This is the crux of why it's been hard to apply flow cytometry, which works so well in cells, for these small particles,” says John Nolan, a biochemist at the Scintillon Institute, a research organization in San Diego, California, and CEO of Cellarcus Biosciences. At Cellarcus, Nolan and others have developed a membrane stain that causes EVs to fluoresce brightly enough for a camera to detect5. The company also uses fluorescent-tagged antibodies, which they validate to make sure they’re selectively binding to the desired surface molecules.
While researchers could develop similar tools themselves, the availability of a simple kit can be a force multiplier for research. “It’s a hard measurement to make, and you have to do about a dozen things correctly,” Nolan says. “You don’t want it to be a physics project. You want it to be a clinical test at some point.”
The right signal
Gains in the sensitivity of flow cytometry are welcome, but they also can increase noise, whether from debris in the sample, autofluorescence in the buffer, or other factors. Researchers need to manage that risk to get reproducible results.
Perhaps the most important consideration, Brunelle says, is to run controls to calibrate the equipment, as well as to validate the EV sample. Researchers need to look at the buffer solution first by itself and then with fluorescent stain or antibodies added in order to calibrate their equipment. That way, when they make measurements on actual samples, those will be comparable to measurements made at a different time or on a different sample.
Likewise, Brunelle recommends performing incremental dilutions on a sample. By gradually reducing the concentration, researchers can determine which mixtures emit too much signal, saturating the detector, and which yield too little to be seen.
Using established standards and protocols is also important. Because small particle flow cytometry is still new, not all the standards have been set. But the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles publishes a series of guidelines laying out the controls and protocols scientists should follow to make sure they have a well validated particle population.
“Not all researchers are aware of this because EV research is still a little bit like the wild west, where people are kind of doing whatever they want,” Brunelle says. “But how can you be so sure that what you're seeing is true and real without using all the proper controls, especially something that's so technically challenging because it's so small?” Software, too, can help reduce noise by picking out weak signals. Luminex has an algorithm that can determine that a dim streak across the field of view of the camera is a signal from a single particle moving across the detector. It will then integrate that into a stronger signal.
More work remains. Nolan acknowledges that some of the smallest particles are still at the edge of reliable detection for flow cytometry. Also, researchers have found a surprising heterogeneity in EVs. It would be useful to sort small particles into different subgroups as they pass through the flow cytometer, as is done commonly with cell types. That could help researchers pair their work with further analysis, such as mass spectrometry. One possibility, Nolan says, could be to attach magnetic beads to antibodies, but those would then need to be removed somehow, and unlike cells, which can proliferate after sorting, it’s not clear how to get a large enough volume of EVs.
Almost certainly, these incremental improvements will come. “This is building on 20, 25 years of quantitative flow cytometry, and these concepts are well established for quantitative cell analysis,” Nolan says. “We are largely just adapting it down to this new, dim regime.”
To learn more about flow cytometry instruments and assays suitable for small bioparticle research, visit our website.
References
Hargett LA, Bauer NN. On the origin of microparticles: From "platelet dust" to mediators of intercellular communication. Pulm Circ. 2013;3(2):329-340. doi:10.4103/2045-8932.114760
Veziroglu Eren M., Mias George I. Characterizing Extracellular Vesicles and Their Diverse RNA Contents. Front. Genet. (11) 700 2020 https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.00700
Welsh, Joshua A, et al MIFlowCty-EV: A framework for standard reporting of extracellular flow cytometry experiments. Journal of Extracellular Vesicles. 9:1, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1080/20013078.2020.1713526
van Niel, G., D'Angelo, G. & Raposo, G. Shedding light on the cell biology of extracellular vesicles. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 19, 213–228 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/nrm.2017.125
Crooks ET, et al. Engineering well-expressed, V2-immunofocusing HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein membrane trimers for use in heterologous prime-boost vaccine regimens. PLoS Pathog 17(10): e1009807. (2021) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009807
Scientists Create “Strange Metal” Packed With Entangled Electrons
Scientists Create “Strange Metal” Packed With Entangled Electrons
This could be the key to creating quantum technologies.
Image by Ahmed Neutron/Victor Tangermann
An international team of researchers has created what’s called a “strange metal” — and they say it could help harness the potential of the quantum world in a practical way.
Specifically, the metal provides evidence for the quantum entanglement nature of quantum criticality. But that’s a lot to unpack, so let’s start with something most of us probably learned about in elementary school: phase transitions.
We see evidence of classical phase transitions all the time — the ice in our drinks melts into a liquid at a certain temperature, for example, while the water we boil evaporates into a gas at another.
Simple enough.
Well, materials in the quantum world also undergo phase transitions under the right conditions, and when a quantum material is capable of transitioning from one phase to another, it’s called a state of “quantum criticality” — which brings us back to this new study, published this week in the journal Science.
Researchers Create "Strange Metal" Packed With Entangled Electrons
The researchers used the elements ytterbium, rhodium, and silicon to create a “strange metal,” a type of metal in which the electrons act as a unit rather than independently like they would in a regular metal, such as copper or gold.
When at the lowest temperature theoretically possible — absolute zero, or -273.15 degrees Celsius (-459.67 degrees Fahrenheit) — the team’s strange metal undergoes a transition from a quantum phase, in which it forms a magnetic order, to another phase in which is doesn’t.
While conducting experiments on ultrapure films made from the metal, the team noticed quantum entanglement among billions of billions of electrons in it.
So, why is this observation important? It could help in our efforts to create quantum technologies.
“Quantum entanglement is the basis for storage and processing of quantum information,” researcher Qimiao Si of Rice University said in a press release. “At the same time, quantum criticality is believed to drive high-temperature superconductivity. So our findings suggest that the same underlying physics — quantum criticality — can lead to a platform for both quantum information and high-temperature superconductivity.”
“When one contemplates that possibility,” he added, “one cannot help but marvel at the wonder of nature.”
In Oregon, a man said his health deteriorated after a glowing blue orb passed through his body. A family in California reported strange lights and a gray figure with spindly legs in their orchard. A werewolf-like creature allegedly prowled around homes in suburban Virginia.
All three incidents were probed as part of a secret Pentagon program investigating UFOs. The program, contracted by the Defense Intelligence Agency, plumbed the connection between the flying objects and the paranormal for two years, according to the men who ran it.
It was the beginning of a years-long effort by UFO advocates that eventually led to Congress passing legislation in December 2021 ordering the Pentagon to spend the next four years investigating unidentified flying objects.
The Pentagon's new office for what has been rebranded as unidentified aerial phenomena, or UAP, has deep roots in the paranormal. Underneath the Washington defense talk about threats from China and Russia, there is a conviction among advocates that the strange objects glimpsed by troops and military equipment are part of a mysterious phenomenon that stretches back decades or, perhaps, throughout human history.
As the stigma over flying saucer talk lifts, and the military connection has taken UFOs mainstream, some have become more open about those beliefs.
"People say, 'Well, we're only going to look at the nuts-and-bolts machines.' Well, you better come up with a lot of physics. It's far more advanced than we're capable of now," said James Lacatski, a now-retired DIA intelligence officer who set up the UFO program that ran from 2008 to 2010. "And then there's others who say, 'Well, they're nothing more than ghosts. Part of the paranormal world.'
"No, they're a hybrid of both," he said.
Lacatski, a bespectacled man whom a colleague described as looking like a rocket scientist, started research right out of college on missiles and directed energy weapons such as lasers.In the early 2000s, he headed up the DIA annual missile threat assessment. He originally started the research out of concern that UFOs could pose a national security threat, specifically to U.S. missile defense systems.
"You know what was on the internet at the time, it just sounded like advanced technology to me," Lacatski said. "I said, 'I'm interested. We need to do something about this if it's true.' And I spoke to my management, and it started from there."
Lacatski's later work unearthed the case of Navy fighter pilots with the USS Nimitz strike group who saw a mysterious flying "Tic Tac"-shaped object zip away while training in the Pacific. The incident and witness testimony became key evidence after it was leaked in 2017, used by former Pentagon and CIA officials to prod the government into taking UFOs seriously.
Their effort pushed the UFO issue in crucial ways that eventually convinced lawmakers something needed to be done.
"I don't care what anybody says, it is the story of the millennia and it needs to be talked about," said Jim Semivan, a retired operations officer in the CIA's Directorate of Operations who co-founded To the Stars Inc., a group that helped expose and publicize the three Navy videos in 2017 that helped drive the response in Washington.
In an image from video provided by the Department of Defense labelled Gimbal, from 2015, an unexplained object is seen at center as it is tracked as it soars high along the clouds, traveling against the wind. (Department of Defense via AP)
In the Beginning
The Pentagon's unusual UFO program echoed classified DIA and CIA programs in the 1970s and 1980s that explored whether human psychics could use the power of their minds, called remote viewing, to spy on the Soviets and other foreign adversaries from far away.
The earlier programs spanned 25 years and were featured in the nonfiction book "The Men Who Stare at Goats," which was made into a fictionalized movie in 2009. The programs were ultimately terminated in 1995 and deemed ineffective for intelligence operations, according to the Federation of American Scientists.
For the UFO program, Lacatski would work closely with Colm Kelleher, a contractor who ran its daily operations.
Kelleher was trained in Ireland as a biochemist and cancer researcher and speaks with the remnants of an Irish lilt. He had spent years working for Robert Bigelow, a wealthy Las Vegas real estate mogul and aerospace company owner with a deep interest in UFOs and the afterlife. Kelleher and Bigelow already had a history of investigating UFOs and paranormal phenomena, and Bigelow Aerospace Advanced Space Studies was the lead contractor on the DIA program, formally called the Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications Program, or AAWSAP.
Lacatski and Kelleher recounted their work in interviews with Military.com, having previously published a book about the program, “Skinwalkers at the Pentagon,” that was cleared for release by the Defense Department.
The two men were fans of the remote viewing program, using a pseudonym in their book that was a nod to one of that group's psychics.
In a stroke of happenstance, one of the biggest UFO cases in history literally walked through the door in the first days of the new UFO initiative. The existence of the program, funded with off-the-books money authorized by the late Sen. Harry Reid, was first reported by The New York Times in 2017, though the paper largely left out the paranormal research and conflated the DIA work with a later program.
It was in early 2008, just as the AAWSAP was getting off the ground, and Kelleher was interviewing program manager candidates in a Las Vegas office. A Marine CorpsF/A-18 Hornet fighter pilot who was looking for a job shared an incredible story.
"At the very end of the interview, he drops this bombshell on me that actually he had been part of the Nimitz Carrier Strike Group," Kelleher said. "And of course, I immediately perked up because I mean, this was pretty interesting."
The Marine pilot's story is now widely known. Pilots and crew reported tracking unusual objects on radar in a military training area off the coast of California in 2004. An infrared video purports to show one shoot quickly out of view.
Cmdr. Dave Fravor, a Navy pilot who publicly described the episodes in 2017, said he was scrambled to investigate and encountered an oblong white object that flew without any visible propulsion system or wings. It mirrored his flying before disappearing before his eyes. Part of his account was backed up by Lt. Cmdr. Alex Dietrich, a junior pilot at the time who said she witnessed the object for about 10 seconds.
Fravor said in interviews he believed the object was "not from this world," further fueling speculation.
"Some of the pilots involved in this were actually briefing Senate Armed Services Committee members and staffers, and Senate Intelligence Committee members and staffers," Kelleher said about the impact the Nimitz incident would have years later. "So, it was considered sort of a sentinel case where the credibility of the so-called UFO phenomenon was introduced at a very high level to Capitol Hill."
In early 2009, Lacatski and Kelleher sent a sailor whom they described as a senior engineer in naval intelligence, on a four-and-a-half month investigation of witnesses and evidence in the Nimitz case. That work would remain secret for years before being leaked by others.
After the Nimitz investigation, the sailor and two Marines were sent to a Utah property known as Skinwalker Ranch, where Bigelow, the owner, had funded his own private research of UFO and paranormal activity over the previous decade.
Skinwalker sits on just over 500 acres of steppe land near the town of Ballard in northeastern Utah. It has long been an alleged epicenter of strange happenings, dating back to tales from the Native American Ute tribe and Navajo people, who believe in malevolent witches called skinwalkers who can transform into animal-like creatures.
The ranch would later be the subject of a paranormal reality TV show under another owner.
A gate to Skinwalker Ranch in 2009 during the Pentagon’s UFO program. (Courtesy of George Knapp)
The three active-duty service members, whose identities have been concealed by the researchers and the Defense Department, allegedly witnessed a black void on the land that filled them with fear. Lacatski and Kelleher claim the men experienced paranormal activity after leaving the ranch and returning to homes in the Washington, D.C., area, such as orbs, dark figures in bedrooms at night, and strange noises.
The wife and two teen children of the sailor who investigated the Nimitz incident claimed to have seen a wolf-like creature that walked on two hind legs staring into their Virginia home on two occasions.
Military.com asked the Pentagon whether it could confirm the paranormal research. "No," was the one-word response from Sue Gough, the department's spokesperson on UFOs. She pointed to the boilerplate disclaimer on the Lacatski and Kelleher book, which says the department's clearance for publication does not imply factual accuracy.
Going Public
Lue Elizondo, an Army veteran and former counterintelligence special agent with a high-and-tight haircut and rectangular strip of goatee, loved his "smoke and mirrors" work in places like the Middle East and Afghanistan. His father, a Cuban exile, participated in the failed Bay of Pigs invasion.
In 2008, Lacatski met with Elizondo in an office in Rosslyn, just across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C. The DIA analyst had identified Elizondo as a potential recruit into the DIA program.
"He looked at me very seriously and he said, 'So, what do you think about UFOs?'" Elizondo said in an interview with Military.com. "I told the truth. I said I don't think about it. He said, 'What do you mean, you don't believe in them?' I said, 'I didn't say that. What I said is I don't think about them.'"
Elizondo didn't end up joining with Lacatski. But he did go on to run the Pentagon's smaller in-house UFO program created when the DIA program ended.
"It wasn't involved at all with Skinwalker, and that was a conscious decision to do that," Elizondo said. "It was a decision we had to make because there were some 'antibodies' in the Department of Defense that were starting to become concerned about the focus of AAWSAP and what it was doing."
The Nimitz 'Tic Tac' investigation done by Lacatski's team was transferred to Elizondo, who was then running what was called the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program, or AATIP.
Working with a "very, very small cadre of people in the Pentagon," Elizondo uncovered another series of military experiences with UFOs that would form the second piece of crucial evidence leading to the legislation in December.
Pilots training with the aircraft carrier USS Theodore Roosevelt in the Atlantic between 2014 and 2015 reported picking up -- and sometimes seeing visually -- objects on a daily basis that appeared to travel at extremely high speeds and high altitudes. In a near midair collision, a pilot reported seeing what looked like a sphere with a cube inside, according to The New York Times.
By 2017, Elizondo said he was trying to brief then-Defense Secretary Jim Mattis personally about the incidents and having no luck. He kept briefing Mattis' staff and brought in the pilots and radar operators.
"The problem was, nobody wanted to tell the boss, and I think, hindsight being 20/20, the rationale was that this is a man who's highly respected, this is a man who everybody trusts," he said. "If we briefed him on the fact that there are these things called UAP, or in the vernacular UFOs, if he's asked [about it] by a member of the press, he'd have to say yes, and that could hurt his credibility."
Despite the compiled accounts and videos, UFOs remained a taboo topic for many within the Pentagon.
So instead, Elizondo worked to get infrared cockpit videos of the Navy encounters cleared for public release. Then, he quit the Pentagon in protest and emerged in public as a whistleblower in 2017. The three videos were leaked to Chris Mellon, a former deputy secretary of defense for intelligence, in the Pentagon parking lot.
The New York Times broke the story that the Pentagon had a UFO program in December 2017, with Elizondo and Mellon as key sources. At the same time, both men joined the To the Stars company, which jointly published the Nimitz and Roosevelt Navy videos with the newspaper -- causing a global sensation that hasn't abated.
What's Belief Got to Do with It
To the Stars was a new company formed with the hopes of publicizing the belief that UFOs are an age-old phenomenon that could hold profound meaning for the human race. It was co-founded by Semivan, the CIA operations officer, and Tom DeLonge, a rock musician and former front man for the band Blink-182.
Elizondo and Mellon were original members, along with Hal Puthoff, a physicist who worked on the DIA and CIA psychic remote viewing programs of the 1970s and 1980s.
"We all knew that this did not belong to the military, that this phenomenon and these UAPs are appearing everywhere," said Semivan, who also did consulting work for Elizondo when he headed the Pentagon AATIP program. "They're appearing over military sites, nuclear sites, over carrier task force groups and things along this line, but they're also appearing all over the United States and all over the world in general."
DeLonge, who spent decades researching UFO lore before forming the company, has been public about his beliefs in the paranormal aspects of the alleged encounters and that a nonhuman intelligence has been influencing people throughout history. He's also indicated the military may have recovered parts of UFOs and be secretly working to understand them.
"If something's been here for a long period of time, and it really is showing up in people's bedrooms, or in front of an F-18, or on a petroglyph wall, or in an ancient text down in the archive of the Vatican, or whatever it might be, it's obviously doing something and it's obviously having an influence," DeLonge said in a YouTube video posted in December.
The belief that UFOs are a mysterious phenomenon -- possibly moving through dimensions or consciousness -- that has affected people's minds and bodies throughout history was popularized decades ago by authors such as Jacques Vallee, a prominent UFO researcher who was portrayed by the French New Wave director Francois Truffaut in the 1977 movie "Close Encounters of the Third Kind."
Semivan described Vallee as a kind of patron saint to his company.
Elizondo, who left the company around the end of 2020, has since become a kind of celebrity in the UFO community, a group of people around the world who have banded together on social media sites such as Twitter and Reddit, and created podcasts and YouTube shows dedicated to the topic. Both Elizondo and Mellon, along with other members of the To the Stars company, starred in a History Channel series called "Unidentified: Inside America's UFO Investigation."
"You know when we describe a white flying Tic Tac in 2004, it was described in the '60s as a white flying throat lozenge, what was described in the '50s as a white flying butane tank," Elizondo said in the interview with Military.com, claiming that solid government evidence exists of UFO encounters going back decades.
Pickaway County Deputy Sheriff John Wolford supervises the loading of a part from an Air Force balloon that descended from the sky in south central Ohio farmland, April 19, 1966. (AP Photo)
In scores of interviews and appearances in recent years, the former counterintelligence agent always appears to measure his words carefully. He has compared UFOs to ancient beliefs in sea monsters that turned out to be sharks and whales, pointed to ancient Roman accounts of "flaming shields" in the sky, and suggested the human race may be headed for a profound paradigm shift in understanding reality.
In his interview with Military.com, he declined to elaborate on what he meant by the comments or his beliefs in UFOs.
"Belief really doesn't have any play in this field, and this is part of the problem because people have made this topic about belief. It's a very emotional topic for some people," Elizondo said. "This topic cannot be about belief. It must be about facts."
Selling the UFO Idea
Mellon, the former Pentagon official who helped make the 2017 Nimitz videos public, brushed off questions about the earlier DIA research in an interview with Military.com. A descendant of the wealthy Mellon family of Pittsburgh, he said his family name has led many to assume he grew up wealthy, but that he was actually raised in inner-city Chicago under difficult circumstances.
"They think I grew up in a nice home in the countryside with a limo or something, and that was anything but the case," Mellon said.
He served in the Pentagon under President Bill Clinton and George W. Bush, and worked on Capitol Hill for more than a decade, eventually rising to minority staff director on the Senate Intelligence Committee.
His knowledge of the national security apparatus and facility with the language of the Pentagon, Congress and Washington, D.C., quickly elevated him as a top expert, who was loudly blowing a national security klaxon. He compares the overall Pentagon response to UFO reports to missing radar indications of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
"I found out that this had been going on not just for months, but for years in dozens and dozens of incidents off the coast, including a near midair collision," Mellon said. "And the secretary doesn't know. Congress doesn't know, senior officials don't know. I mean are you kidding me? This is such a grotesque failure of imagination, of curiosity and of the system."
In 2017, Mellon began his effort to convince members of Congress to act, though he said he avoided any mention to lawmakers of the earlier research by Lacatski and Kelleher, or the beliefs of the founding members of To the Stars.
Those topics would have been counterproductive, he said.
"You had to provide some political cover for these people, some legitimate basis on national security grounds for them to engage and say, 'OK, I'm willing to take a brief or I'm willing to look at this,'" Mellon said. "You don't go in there and say, 'Oh, we've got little green men or people coming out of interplanetary portals; or, you know, woo-woo kind of stuff. You wouldn't get to first base."
The coverage of the UFO story by The New York Times, the paper of record, had also done a lot to legitimize the issue among Congress and the public, since many of the paranormal aspects weren't included. Thousands of other news stories would follow.
"I want you to put aside all that stuff that people talk about, extraterrestrials and all that," Sen. Marco Rubio, R-Fla., the top Republican on the Senate Intelligence Committee, said in a 2020 interview broadcast by a local news station. "This is a very simple equation for me -- there are things flying over our military installations. We don't know what they are or where they are from."
Meanwhile, many in the public mistook the military's acknowledgment that the Navy videos are authentic as an admission that UFOs exist.
A Tale of Two Programs
The 2008-2010 DIA program had sent out teams of investigators to UFO sightings, such as the members who staked out the California orchard with night-vision goggles. It followed tips from the Mutual UFO Network, a U.S. grassroots organization that has recorded and cataloged sightings since 1969. The group bills itself as the world's largest and oldest civilian UFO organization, with its own lab to analyze mysterious metals and a research group focusing on people who claim to have been abducted by alien craft.
The program produced a raft of theoretical papers attempting to imagine and explain highly advanced future technologies it believed could be related to UFOs.
The legislation passed in December ordering a new Pentagon office to investigate UFOs has no stated connection to the paranormal, but it mirrors some aspects of the earlier DIA program. President Joe Biden signed the legislation, part of the must-pass annual defense authorization bill, on Dec. 27, ordering Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin to set up an office to "synchronize and standardize" the reporting, collection and analysis of the unidentified aerial phenomena across the military and intelligence community.
Both the older DIA program and the new initiative have investigative teams that deploy to UFO sightings to collect data and witness accounts, and science teams to analyze data on the objects. Both programs have a focus on the medical and health effects of UFO encounters. Both include theoretical descriptions of how UFOs may work.
The Pentagon's UFO science plan should seek to explain UFOs "that exceed the known state of the art in science or technology," and start the process of trying to replicate those capabilities, according to the law. Congress has ordered annual reports on what the Pentagon finds, with the first due this October.
A lot of the law's language "seemed to come right out" of the earlier DIA program, Kelleher said.
But the research by Lacatski and Kelleher would remain largely out of public sight through much of the UFO debate in Washington. The outstanding questions about UFO sightings were nonetheless convincing to those on the Hill.
"There are too many things that are unexplained that we just need an explanation for," said Emily Harding, the deputy director and senior fellow in the International Security Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, a Washington, D.C., think tank.
Harding was the deputy staff director on the Senate Intelligence Committee as it worked on the issue. She said Rubio took the lead and was able to approach it with an open mind. The reports from pilots and military personnel raised serious security issues -- and highlighted a real lack of data that made any conclusions about the incidents impossible.
Some of the information provided to lawmakers was given in classified briefings, though it's unclear whether there was much beyond the public Navy videos and witnesses. The committee believed the first step was getting better data from the Pentagon and intelligence community.
"Maybe the explanation is that an adversary has come up with a new technology that we definitely need to understand. Maybe the answer is that our sensors are giving us readings that are confusing us," Harding said. "And if that's the case, then that's something that definitely needs to be fixed before we find ourselves in something like a great power competition."
Despite the positive reception in Congress, there are still some pushing back against the mainstreaming of UFO research.
Mick West has become famous like Elizondo in UFO circles, but for the opposite reason. He's skeptical. The former video game designer and founder of the website Metabunk, has spent years using science, math and data mining to debunk conspiracy theories claiming airplane contrails are chemical agents, or chemtrails; the 9/11 attacks were faked; and mass shootings are false flag operations.
Over the past few years, he's turned his investigative skills on the UFO claims behind the new Pentagon program. A British transplant to California, his dry delivery of theories and almost Vulcan-like logic have frustrated many believers. What he sees are adherents to the paranormal UFO theories of Jacques Vallee using inconclusive evidence to push their agenda.
"They've got to kind of phrase their arguments to the congressmen and the senators in terms of things like national defense, which is a very physical thing," West said in an interview. "In reality, they believe in this weird extra-dimensional nonhuman intelligence E.T. hypothesis, and yet they've toned it down so they can get this stuff passed by their lobbying efforts."
West has published detailed examinations of the three Navy UFO videos, which he says likely have mundane explanations such as exhaust glare, loss of camera lock, and misperception.
In 2017, the Chilean government released similar infrared military footage of what it claimed was a genuine UFO. Within a few days, West, with the help of other web sleuths, identified the object as a scheduled passenger plane departing a nearby airport.
The Navy and Pentagon have only confirmed the U.S. videos were recorded by the military, but have never described what they show.
An initial report on the military UFO situation, ordered by Congress and released in June 2021 by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, provided some context and left many questions unanswered. The investigation was "largely inconclusive," with 144 cases of objects reported since 2004 that couldn't be identified, and 18 that seemed to include unusual flight, such as moving against the wind or at high speeds without visible means of propulsion.
There were likely multiple explanations, including airborne clutter and foreign systems, the report found.
"But of course there's always the question of is there something else that we simply do not understand that might come extraterrestrially," Avril Haines, the director of national intelligence, said at a public event in November.4
Travis Tritten can be reached at travis.tritten@military.com. Follow him on Twitter @Travis_Tritten.
SCIENTISTS JUST DISCOVERED A PLANET THAT’S NOT A SPHERE
SCIENTISTS JUST DISCOVERED A PLANET THAT’S NOT A SPHERE
IT'S THE FIRST EXOPLANET SHAPED LIKE THIS.
ESA
Rugby Planet
Turns out not all planets are nice and spherical like Earth.
The European Space Agency (ESA) says it’s found a planet shaped like a rugby ball in the constellation Hercules, according to a blog post from the agency. Dubbed WASP-103b, the planet appears to be deformed due to enormous tidal forces caused by its host star.
Much like how the Moon’s gravity pulls on Earth, WASP-103b’s host star is so close to the planet that it exerts a staggering tidal force. This has resulted in the planet taking on a rugby ball shape — and, tantalizingly, it’s the first time such a deformity has been detected in an exoplanet.
Slap CHEOP
The discovery was made by the ESA’s CHEOPS space telescope, and built off data gathered by the Hubble Telescope and NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope.
Specifically, CHEOPS was able to detect very specific light signatures made by the planet as it transited its host star. Using this data, astronomers were able to suss out its exact tidal deformation.
“It’s incredible that CHEOPS was actually able to reveal this tiny deformation,” Jacques Laskar, researcher director at the French National Center for Scientific Research and co-author of a paper about the discovery in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics, said in the blog post.
“This is the first time such analysis has been made, and we can hope that observing over a longer time interval will strengthen this observation and lead to better knowledge of the planet’s internal structure,” he added.
The researchers now hope that future observations by the newly-launched James Webb Space Telescope will uncover more insights about the exact nature of the strange planet’s deformation — along with the rest of the universe.
Wetenschappers ontdekken dat brein van ex-coronapatiënten is gekrompen
Wie besmet raakte met het coronavirus, blijkt nadien meer tekenen van hersenveroudering te vertonen dan mensen die geen corona hebben gehad of die een andere luchtweginfectie doormaakten. Dat hebben onderzoekers aan de universiteit van Oxford ontdekt. Het brein van ex-coronapatiënten is een klein beetje gekrompen en toont vooral beschadigingen in hersengebieden die verbonden zijn met het reukcentrum.
De wetenschappers delen hun bevindingen in het wetenschappelijk vakblad Nature. Wie corona doormaakte blijkt gemiddeld ook iets langer te doen over een simpel puzzelspelletje als ‘verbind de punten’. “Dat zegt iets over de verwerkingssnelheid en uitvoerende functies van het brein, oftewel iemands vermogen om een complexe taak uit te voeren”, zegt professor Gwenaëlle Douaud van de faculteit neurowetenschap aan de Oxford Universiteit.
Douaud en haar team bestudeerden de hersenscans van ongeveer achthonderd Britten tussen 50 en 80 jaar oud die meedoen aan een al lopend langdurig medisch volgonderzoek. De helft had tussendoor corona gehad, de andere helft niet, waardoor de onderzoekers goed de situatie voor en na de infectie konden vergelijken.
Het gaat om zeer subtiele verschillen, die bovendien per persoon verschillen, benadrukt de wetenschapper. Gemiddeld werd tijdens de studie 0,2 tot 2 procentpunt extra verval boven op de schade die mensen sowieso met de jaren oplopen vastgesteld. Over het algemeen zijn de door het coronavirus aangetaste hersengebieden zo’n tien jaar ‘ouder’ dan ze anders waren geweest, stelt het onderzoek. Het is nog niet duidelijk of dit verlies aan hersenmassa weer bijtrekt. “Dat is nu een van de grote vragen”, aldus Douaud.
Opmerkelijk is dat de verschillen ook zichtbaar zijn bij patiënten die thuis konden uitzieken. Bij de meeste andere studies naar de langetermijneffecten van corona gaat om patiënten die zwaar ziek in het ziekenhuis lagen.
Reukverlies
De wetenschappers vermoeden dat de schade te maken heeft met het reukverlies dat tot voor kort een kenmerkend symptoom was van corona – bij de omikronvariant komen reukstoornissen minder vaak voor. Wellicht komt het virus zelf via het reukcentrum het brein binnen, maar de schade kan ook het gevolg zijn van een ontstekingsreactie. Een andere mogelijkheid is dat de schade gewoon komt doordat patiënten een tijd hun reukcentrum niet gebruikten: in het brein beginnen ongebruikte gebiedjes vaak vanzelf te krimpen.
Marsrover Curiosity deelt nieuwe foto van ‘Martiaans bloemetje’
Op de foto ziet het er behoorlijk indrukwekkend uit, in werkelijkheid is het kleiner dan een klein muntstuk. Wat we precies zien? “Een martiaans bloemetje”, zo schrijft het Amerikaanse ruimtevaartagentschap NASA. Dat ‘bloemetje’ is een piepkleine minerale formatie.
Het plaatje dateert nog van 24 februari en werd gemaakt door de Mars hand Lens Imager aan boord van de Marsrover Curiosity. De camera bevindt zich aan het uiteinde van een van de robotarmen en kan sterk inzoomen.
Door het sterk ingezoomde effect lijken de structuren op de foto van aanzienlijke grootte, maar schijn bedriegt. In werkelijkheid zijn de vormpjes niet groter dan een muntstuk van een eurocent. De vormen zijn overigens minerale formaties, gemaakt van sulfaten. Zulke formaties werden al eerder gevonden op Mars.
Marsrover Curiosity ging in 2012 naar de rode planeet en heeft inmiddels ook een opvolger: Perseverance. Beide robots zijn onbemande voertuigen die onderzoek doen op Mars.
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Mysteries Discovered in the Wilderness
Mysteries Discovered in the Wilderness
Technological developments and human curiosity augmented by determination have led humans to explore various incredible parts of the globe. However, despite the technological advancement, there’s a lot we still haven’t found. Our planet is home to some mind boggling and mysterious places and phenomena’s no one has been able to explain, not even the genius scientists and academic of our time. Gaining access to these places may lead us to astonishing discoveries. These may include monsters hidden in the jungles and ancient cities lost in the Amazon Rainforest. Today, let’s venture into the wilderness and discover various unique aspects of life. While some of these will mesmerize you, others might creep you out, so sit tight and watch till the end.
Bigfoot Caught on Film in 1967 In a California Canyon!
The greatest and most-famous, Bigfoot incident of all time took place on October 20, 1967, along Bluff Creek, California, when Roger Patterson and Robert “Bob” Gimlin rode on horseback down into a canyon in a national forest, carrying a Cine-Kodak K-100 16mm film camera, at about 1:30 PM, in search of any of the Bigfeet sighted in that same area the previous year. They were both taken by surprise when they came upon a tall creature just 25 feet (7.6 meters) away, and Patterson dismounted and began filming for 59 seconds as the creature was 80 to 120 feet away.
They estimated the creature’s height at 6.5 to 7.5 feet (2 to 2.3 meters), and its weight at 350 pounds (159 kilograms), and later made two plaster casts of the 16-inch (41-cm) footprints. The creature had a 41-inch (104-centimeter) average stride, which increased to 65 inches (165 centimeters) as she sped up. By comparison, this author is 6 feet and one inch (1.85 meters) tall, has a 27-inch (69-centimeter) stride in normal walking, and a stride of 48 inches (122 centimeters), when I’m in a very big hurry. Gimlin later noted that, “ The horse never made tracks as deep as the creature did, so…she was a heavy, well-muscled creature.”
It’s an absolutely amazing film by any standard, depicting a very tall, very muscular, humanoid, female creature in full motion, walking briskly away from the camera and glancing back just once (most-famously at Frame 352, which is now in the public domain.) Both men have consistently denied any allegations of a hoax , and no one has ever been able to prove the film to have been faked in any manner.
“Toward a Resolution of the Bigfoot Phenomenon,” usually just called the NASI Report, used detailed, forensic, computer analysis to examine the Patterson-Gimlin film great detail.
The Patterson-Gimlin Film Was Analyzed In Every Way
In 1998, the North American Science Institute (NASI) of Hood River, Oregon, issued a formal report entitled, “Toward a Resolution of the Bigfoot Phenomenon,” usually just called the NASI Report, after having used detailed, forensic, computer analysis to examine the controversial film in great detail. They stated, “ The 1967 Patterson - Gimlin Film ( PGF )… converted to digital data via a film scanner so that the imagery could be processed by computer.The computed height of the subject in the film is 7’ 3 1/2”. If the subject was a person wearing a costume... a seam or interface in the costume would be detected. No seams or interfaces were detected .”
“Subject’s hand (and foot) appears to be between that of the gorilla and the human …The appearance and sophistication of musculature as seen in the Patterson-Gimlin film has not yet been reproduced in costumes for the entertainment industry…The film subject is not employing typical, human locomotion…while the stride can be duplicated, the continuous, forward motion seen in the film cannot…To date, the Patterson-Gimlin film has defied explanation…after three years of rigorous, forensic examination…(the) film is of an uncatalogued animal…the Patterson-Gimlin film cannot be demonstrated to be a forgery.”
Distinguished anthropologist Doctor Grover Krantz of Washington State University concluded in 1999 that, “I fully accept the Patterson film…consistent with a 500-pound biped. I’ve attempted to imitate it, and I really can’t do it…The (subject’s) knee is regularly bent at more than 90 degrees, while the human leg bends less than 70 degrees.” In fact, no human being has ever replicated this extreme, lower leg lift while maintaining the smoothness, posture, and stride length of the creature on the film.
Doctor Jeffrey Meldrum, Professor of Anatomy and Anthropology at Idaho State University, has also analyzed the Patterson Film: “The film subject possesses arms…disproportionately long for its stature… Anthropologists typically express limb proportions as an intermembral (IM) index…an IM index somewhere between 80 and 90 (actually, 84 for Bigfoot), intermediate between humans (72) and African apes (122)…is well beyond the mean for humans, and effectively rules out a man-in-a-suit explanation…Let there be no confusion about it. The PGF shows a real, giant ape-woman in the wild.”
Doctor Dmitry Donskoy, Chief of the Department of Biomechanics at the Russian Central Institute of Physical Culture, and later associated with Moscow’s Darwin Museum, concluded that the Patterson film creature was “a very massive animal that is definitely not a human being,” because its smooth gait cannot be replicated by any human.
Author Ivan T. Sanderson added that, “The Patterson film…is…the only footage I have ever seen with very real, flawless motion…beyond the level that Hollywood movie-makers were using at the time…to walk in such a way that to this day it cannot be replicated…Dale Sheets, head of the Documentary Film Department (at Universal Pictures)…(said) ‘Maybe if you allotted a couple of million bucks, we could try, but we’d have to invent a whole set of new, artificial muscles, get a gorilla’s skin, and train an actor to walk like that…it would be nearly impossible.’”
John Chambers, the Oscar-winning, costume designer for “Planet of the Apes,” filmed in 1968, later said of the PGF film: “If this is a suit, it is the finest ever devised, for it was beyond our capability in the 1960s. Every hair would have had to have been individually attached to the model for this to do what it does in the (PGF) film.”
In 1984, The Sasquatch and Other Unknown Hominoids was published, a 335-page compilation of scientific papers, edited by Yugoslavian-born, Russian hominologist Vladimir Markotić (with a Ph.D. in Anthropology from Harvard University, and Associate Professor Emeritus of Archaeology at the University of Calgary), with introductory comments by Doctor Grover Krantz. Chapter 5 (14 pages) is entitled, “Analysis of the Patterson-Gimlin Film: Why We Find It Authentic,” by Dmitri Bayanov, Doctor Igor Burtsev (Russia’s foremost authority on the Yeti), and René Dahinden, a world-renowned expert on Bigfoot/Sasquatch:
“We have subjected the film to systematic and many-sided analysis both in its technical and biological aspects…The film has passed all our tests and scrutinies…who other than God or natural selection is sufficiently conversant with anatomy and bio-mechanics to ‘design’ a body which is so perfectly harmonious in terms of structure and function? Here we confidently give this verdict: The Patterson-Gimlin movie is an authentic documentary of a genuine, female hominoid, popularly known as Sasquatch or Bigfoot.”
So, not only is the Patterson-Gimlin film definitely NOT a hoax, but virtually everyone, including the BBC in 1998, who have tried to demonstrate how it was done, have failed miserably, and BBC was forced to apologize to the Bigfoot Research Organization (BFRO.) On the contrary, EVERY SCIENTIST who has studied the Patterson Film has either stated that it shows a real, unclassified species, or that a conclusion cannot be made.
A huge hairy gorilla-like Bigfoot or Sasquatch glaring from a steamy forest.
In 2002, a severed hand was delivered anonymously to a police station in Butte, Montana. The local coroner took X-rays, examined it, and concluded that it was not human. The police took the hand to Bigfoot researcher Don Monroe of Spencer, Montana, who showed it to several scientists. No one could identify it as human. In 2006, Monroe gave it to Bigfoot researcher Tom Biscardi, who had it tested by the DNA Diagnostics Center of Fairfield, Ohio, in May 2006. The official result was: “Not human. Not any known primate. Not even in the system.” This was the first confirmed, DNA testing of any Bigfoot or Sasquatch forensic evidence.
On August 14, 2006, Scott Mosbeck discovered blood, tissue, strange hair, and a bloody, 18-inch (46-centimeter) footprint on a “screw board” (a nasty and illegal booby trap) outside his remote cabin at Snelgrove Lake, Canada, and he called Doctor Jeffrey Meldrum (Idaho State University) and Doctor Curt Nelson (University of Minnesota) to the scene. The hair appeared human, but had no medullas, and did not match any primate known to science, or any other known animal!
Doctor Nelson said that “The DNA says primate, but not quite human and not quite non-human (chimp/ape)…it was identical to human DNA (99.5-percent), except it had one nucleotide polymorphism…a difference that is shared with chimpanzees…I knew that I might be looking at the DNA of a Sasquatch.”
On October 8, 2010, Justin Smeja, age 25, of Sacramento, California, was hunting for black bear near Gold Lake. Instead, he shot and killed two large, hairy, upright creatures, an adult and a child, with his .25-06 rifle. Smeja did not believe in Bigfoot then. He does now.
His neighbor/driver was an eyewitness, and insists that the incident was horrible, disgusting, and true. Smeja kept a piece of the smaller, dead creature, and gave a sample of skin and dark, auburn hair to Doctor Melba S. Ketchum, DVM (a veterinarian), the director of DNA Diagnostics, Inc., of Timpson, Texas, for DNA analysis. Eight separate, DNA labs tested it: “Not human, not any known animal, an unknown primate.”
The evidence for Bigfoot comes in all forms from hair to DNA.
Doctor Ketchum made very exciting news three years later. On February 13, 2013, her groundbreaking, Bigfoot DNA study was finally released, entitled “Novel North American Hominins,” at 63 pages in length. Here are the DNA samples used in the astounding report:
Bigfoot samples submitted: Over 200.
Tested positive for “Unknown Primate” (Bigfoot): 111, tested at 34 different labs .
# of Bigfoot individuals represented: 20 to 28.
Tested positive for “Unknown Primate” (Yeti): 1.
# of Yeti individuals represented: 1.
Details of successful, Bigfoot samples:
5 hair samples from Golden Ears Provincial Park, BC, Canada, five separate creatures.
1 toenail from Larry Jenkins in the Grand Canyon area of Arizona.
1 blood sample from J.C. Johnson in the Four Corners area of New Mexico.
1 blood sample from Crittenden, Kentucky, gathered by the Erickson Project.
1 hair sample from Hoopa Valley, California.
1 hair sample from Larry Surface in southern Ohio.
1 hair sample from Joe Black in the Great Smoky Mountains, Eastern Tennessee.
1 slice of Bigfoot flesh from Sierra Buttes, California, shot dead by Justin Smeja.
1 large sample of saliva from the Olympic Project, Bigfoot licking a camera, 2009.
1 hair sample from SE Oklahoma collected by TEXLA Cryptozoological Research.
1 blood, tissue, and hair sample from “screw-board” trap at Snelgrove Lake, Canada.
These are only 15 of 111 successful, Bigfoot samples.
Details of successful, Yeti samples:
1 Yeti hair sample from “Destination Truth” TV series, collected in Bhutan.
The nuclear DNA of Bigfoot creatures is an evolutionary form somewhere between primates and humans.
Bigfoot DNA Reveals They Are Similar to Us But Not Much
The testing results, independently verified by 34 different laboratories , and utterly impossible to fake, showed that Bigfoot samples tested positive for a single, non-human polymorphism, and the default, genetic hair color was “red” (“auburn,” in current terminology.) The nuclear DNA results were “one-third of the way from a human to a chimp,” or even closer to human. The results did not appear in GenBank, the master, DNA database of all known animals. In other words, according to the Ketchum tests, Bigfoot/Sasquatch is at least 99.7-percent human!
This was fully supported by previous, DNA testing by Bigfoot researcher Richard Stubstad in June 2011, who wrote, “Sasquatch DNA…tested 100-percent Homo sapiens (human, on the mitochondrial side)…No current, GenBank Homo sapiens genomes perfectly match either sample…clearly and unequivocally from the ‘Franco-Cantabrian glacial refuge’…some 15,000 years ago…The only conceivable migration path was…towards the…Asian-North American land bridge…an approximately 99.98-percent mitochondrial DNA match…for both purported, Sasquatch specimens.”
The Franco-Cantabrian glacial refuge, from about 15,000 to 20,000 B.C., encompassed most of southern France and the snow-capped, Pyrenees Mountains. During my PowerPoint presentations on this subject, I used to joke at this point in the discussion, “No wonder Bigfeet are so standoffish and difficult to understand. They’re French!”
These DNA results should really not be too surprising, considering that Cornell University and other noted scientists state that there is only a one-percent difference in the DNA and overall genetic makeup of chimpanzees and humans. Bigfoot DNA samples so far contain only about 600 gene variations, versus 2,000 for chimpanzees, so they are genetically about 99.7-percent to 99.995-percent human! They even have an official, Latin name now, Homo sapiens hirsuti , meaning “hairy humans.”
Washington State animal bones were found with chewing marks that indicated Bigfoot teeth evidence, which left marks two times the size of human teeth.
Chew Marks Left On Animal Bones Are Twice Human Size Marks
Doctor/Professor Mitchel N. Townsend, a leading, Bigfoot expert, wrote for Ancient Origins on April 7, 2021, that, “Is Bigfoot Real? Let’s Look at Emerging, Scientific Evidence: (On) Mount Saint Helens in Washington State. In 2013 and 2014…I located three different, ungulate, rib prey bone assemblages (elk and deer rib bones) that had seemingly inexplicable, chewing marks left in them…Of the 25 total hominin incisor measurements taken from all three sites, 92 percent are…at least two times the size of modern humans. The evidence was clear and consistent across all three locations. After identifying the teeth marks as Hominin, we…were able to estimate mouth size, which again was over double the size of a modern human.
“(It) enable(s) the construction of a currently-unclassified, hominin profile…(with) hominin incisor measurements primarily outside the possibility of Homo sapiens …The conclusions are accurate, well supported, repeatable…of a currently-unclassified hominin living (Bigfoot) at Mount Saint Helens. Once again, we are faced with the central question of why mainstream science has failed to comprehensively examine the possible existence of what some people refer to as Bigfoot. Credible, multi-disciplinary evidence continues to emerge…of a giant, unclassified hominin living and thriving in the Pacific Northwest .
“At the end of the day, why are we still asking the same question: ‘Is Bigfoot real?’ We encourage the scientific community to move beyond their skepticism in order to conduct deep examination…in this emerging area of research. Science has an obligation by definition to explain the unexplained, whatever that may be.”
We are intrigued with the Yeti, both for its scientific importance and for what it says about our own human interests and biases. If the Yeti is an old human-like form that we have driven into the mountains, it seems our current goal is to display them in zoos . . .
Hopefully We Will Not Put Bigfoot On Display In A Zoo!
I’ll conclude this tale of nature, science, mystery, and intrigue with two great, thought-provoking quotes to consider. First, Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard (1813-1855) wrote that, “There are two ways to be fooled. One is to believe what isn’t true; the other is to refuse to believe what is true.”
Secondly, noted zoologist and explorer Edward W. Cronin, Jr., of Santa Barbara, California, wrote insightfully in his article, “The Yeti,” in The Atlantic magazine, November 1973 (page 53), that:
“Even though I am intrigued with the Yeti , both for its scientific importance and for what it says about our own interests and biases, I would be deeply saddened to have it discovered. If the Yeti is an old form that we have driven into the mountains, now we would be driving it into the zoos.”
“We would gain another possession, another ragged exhibit in the concrete world of the zoological park, another Latin name to enter on our scientific ledgers. But what about the wild creature that now roams free of man in the forests? Every time man asserts his mastery over nature, he gains something in knowledge, but loses something in spirit.”
Top image: A mysterious bigfoot figure walking through a remote, lush forest in North America.
In our oceans lie the biggest mysteries of our world. It’s one of the reasons why divers are fascinated with the bottom of the ocean. And it is due to their relentless submerging in the darkest depths of our seas that we have made some of the most bizarre discoveries. These span from shipwrecks that were deemed forever-gone, to entire submerged cities that we didn’t even know about. Stay close to explore with us the 10 most exciting discoveries made by deep-sea divers!
I have long wondered if aliens have ever introduced new species onto Earth. This creature brings back those thoughts. It looks like a snake, it has scales on its mouth area and a long forked tongue, but the resemblance ends there. I have never seen a snake with hair...this one seems to have long hair which is green from algae. This may be the first living proof that aliens are transplanting creatures on our planet. Of course a DNA analysis and hair analysis needs to be done. But...I ask you...have you ever seen a creature like it before in your life? I haven't.
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
News states:
A local named Tu, 49, first noticed the snake when it slowly moved in the dirty water near his house while he was walking. Amazed by the creature, he took home the snake and kept it in an earthen water jar before showing it to his equally-confused family members. They, too, were baffled by the dragon-like appearance of the animal.
Giant UFO arrives through a possible stargate on the sun
Giant UFO arrives through a possible stargate on the sun
NASA’s spacecraft SWAP 174 captured a huge cylindrical UFO which seemly coming out of the sun on 2022-02-20.
The appearance and disappearance of the UFO happened in just a split second.
NASA scientists explained that such objects are in fact compression artifacts but not everyone is convinced that these objects are just compression artifacts, they suggest that alien civilizations use giant interdimensional spacecraft, which access our solar system through a stargate on the sun.
They will explore Venus using a manta ray inspired spacecraft
They will explore Venus using a manta ray inspired spacecraft
Researchers are working on a concept that could change the way we explore the intense environment of Earth’s closest planetary neighbor.
Studying Venus will help us better understand why it harbors such an extreme environment and unlock the mysteries of how planets evolve, including Earth.
A network of tensioning cables are used to actuate the pectoral and pelvic fins (equivalent to wings and horizontal stabilizers of a fixed wing aircraft, respectively). They will furnish articulated flapping flight for achieving thrust, control, stability, and additional lift.
Furthermore, the same tensioning network may be used to provide the mechanical compression required for active buoyancy control. This makes BREEZE an ideal alternate approach to the Venus.
Actually it is a bit strange that they now want to explore Venus with such a manta ray craft, since they already sent in the late 80s and 90s the Magellan spacecraft to Venus which already collected an enormous amount of images that have finally been published by NASA in which huge cities, artificial structures and all kinds of elements that seem to obey constructions appear intelligent effected by some kind of alien race that inhabited or colonized the second planet in our solar system.
The I-Team caught up with polygraph expert Terry Tavernetti 30 years after KLAS featured him in an 8-part investigative series about the weird world of UFO conspiracies.
The Enigma of Prehistoric Skulls with Bullet-Like Holes
The Enigma of Prehistoric Skulls with Bullet-Like Holes
Nearly one century ago, a Swiss miner was searching for metal ore deposits in the limestone caves of Kabwe, Zambia, when he found a prehistoric skull that dated back between 125,000 and 300,000 years. It was the first fossil to be discovered in Africa with Homo sapiens characteristics.
But there was an even bigger surprise. The prehistoric skull had a small, circular shaped hole on the side, which forensic scientists say could only have been created by an extremely high-velocity projectile, such as that caused by a bullet. The mystery was compounded by the discovery of an ancient auroch skull with exactly the same feature. The discoveries have led to many wild and wonderful speculations, but we are really no closer to solving the puzzle.
Replica of the prehistoric Kabwe skull, housed in Mauer Museum, in Heidelberg, Germany.
Trying to Classify Prehistoric Skulls – The Case of the Kabwe Skull
The skull found in Kabwe (also known as Broken Hill) attracted a great deal of attention when it was first discovered. According to the Smithsonian Institution , it was initially believed that the Kabwe prehistoric skull was the first ever example of a new species of hominid called Homo rhodesiensis .
It was subsequently assigned the classification of Homo heidelbergensis , although more recent research has shown that several characteristics shown similarities to Homo erectus , Homo neanderthalensis , and modern Homo sapiens . Whoever the skull belonged to, it appears he or she may have been the product of interbreeding between different hominid species.
But its unique combination of features was not all that was unique about the Kabwe skull. It was also found to have a small, perfectly-round hole on the left side of the cranium, as well as a shattered parietal plate on the opposite side.
This suggests the projectile that entered on the left side, passed through the skull with such force that it completely shattered the right side. Strangely, the presence of these highly-unusual characteristics are missing from descriptions of the Kabwe skull on the Smithsonian Institution page, as well the Natural History Museum of London, although their photos clearly depict the hole in the skull.
A replica of the prehistoric Broken Hill or Kabwe skull from the Museum in Livingstone, Zambia, with the apparent bullet hole visible on the left.
What Could Have Caused the Hole in the Kabwe Skull?
While it is natural to assume that the hole may have been caused by a high-speed spear or javelin, investigations proved this was not possible. “When a skull is struck by a relatively low-velocity projectile – such as an arrow, or spear – it produces what are known as radial cracks or striations; that is, minute hairline fractures running away from the place of impact,” wrote The Shields Gazette . “As there were no radial fractures on the Neanderthal skull, it was unanimously concluded that the projectile must have had a far, far greater velocity than an arrow or spear.”
According to the book Technology of the Gods: The Incredible Sciences of the Ancients by David Hatcher Childress, a German forensics expert came to an even more radical conclusion: “the cranial damage to Rhodesian man’s skull could not have been caused by anything but a bullet.” Researcher Rene Noorbergen, who investigated the mystery in Secrets Of The Lost Races , concurred, saying that “this same feature is seen in modern victims of head wounds received from shots from a high-powered rifle.”
If this were true, it would mean that a) the skull is not as old as claimed, b) the ancient skull was shot in modern times, c) the ancient skull was shot in ancient times by a technologically advanced civilization. The first and second options are discounted by the fact that the skull was found 60 feet (18.2 m) below the surface, which confirms that it is at least several thousand years old.
It was not located near enough to ground level to have been accidently or intentionally shot in recent decades. Does that just leave us with the third option, or could there be other explanations in the mix?
Auroch skull with bullet-like hole in the forehead.
Before exploring other hypotheses, we must give consideration to another prehistoric skull discovery which further compounds the mystery. Thousands of miles away, along the Lena River in Russia, another ancient skull was discovered with the same clean, round hole.
The skull belonged to an auroch, an extinct species of wile cattle that lived between 2 million and 4,000 years ago. Like the Kabwe skull, the hole in the auroch skull is also missing radial cracks that would result from spear or arrow projectiles.
The prehistoric skull, which is now on display in Moscow’s Museum of Paleontology, could not have been struck by a bullet in more modern times because calcification around the bullet hole shows that the auroch survived the wound for some time afterwards.
The Kabwe skull, or Broken Hill skull, with its bullet-like hole clearly visible on the site, on display in the National History Museum in London.
All these pieces of the puzzle have really brought us no closer to learning the truth. Numerous hypotheses and speculations have surfaced, from radical theories, such as the idea proposed by The Shields Gazette that “someone from the future, carrying a firearm, travelled back into the past and engaged in some sort of trans-temporal hunting expedition,” to the slightly more plausible suggestion that the holes were caused by shrapnel from a small meteorite or something similar.
In alternative archaeology circles, the most popular perspective is that ancient man may have been technologically developed to a very high degree, before virtually all traces were lost. But could two separate societies, separated by thousands of years and a vast cultural gulf, have both invented weapons that just happened to fire small, cylindrical projectiles at high speed?
The only lukewarm attempt to debunk the alternative theories comes from the Bad Archaeology website, which denies the injuries to the right-side of the skull exist. Although they present no explanation or evidence, they claim that the bullet-like hole was caused by “a pathological, rather than a traumatic lesion, caused by an infection in the soft tissue over it.”
At this stage, none of the hypotheses are supported by adequate evidence or logic. Unless more prehistoric skulls or fossils are discovered with the same type of injuries, we may never hold the real answers to the Kabwe skull enigma.
Top image:The Kabwe Skull with bullet-like hole. prehistoric skulls.
WETENSCHAPPERS ONTHULLEN HET UNIEKE LOOPJE VAN HET GROOTSTE VLIEGENDE DIER DAT OOIT OP AARDE HEEFT GELEEFD
WETENSCHAPPERS ONTHULLEN HET UNIEKE LOOPJE VAN HET GROOTSTE VLIEGENDE DIER DAT OOIT OP AARDE HEEFT GELEEFD
Vivian Lammerse
Lopen met vleugels van 6 meter lang valt echt niet mee…
Als je vandaag de dag door moerassig gebied loopt, zie je hooguit één meter lange reigers in ondiep water waden, op zoek naar visjes, insecten of schaaldieren. Maar zo’n 70 miljoen jaar geleden zou je langs de Texaanse Rio Grande-rivier een indrukwekkender en enger wezen door de moerassen hebben zien struinen. Het gaat om een vrij angstaanjagende pterosauriër, bekend als Quetzalcoatlus. Dit beest, met een spanwijdte van bijna 12 meter, was het grootste vliegende dier dat ooit op aarde leefde. En in een nieuwe studie schetsen onderzoekers nu het meest complete beeld van dit gevreesde familielid van de dinosaurus.
Mysterie In de jaren zeventig van de vorige eeuw ontdekte wetenschappers in het Amerikaanse Big Bend National Park de gefossiliseerde botten van de pterosauriër. Eén van de mysteries is echter sindsdien geweest hoe een dier met zes meter lange vleugels rond kon lopen… De vleugels zouden zelfs opgevouwen de grond moeten hebben geraakt. Bovendien gingen er onder zijn enorme vleugels in verhouding vrij kleine beentjes schuil. En dus is het de vraag hoe Quetzalcoatlus het luchtruim koos. “Dit oude vliegende reptiel is legendarisch,” zegt onderzoeker Kevin Padian. “Maar dit is de eerste keer dat we een grondige blik werpen op het grootste dier dat ooit op aarde rondvloog.”
Studie De onderzoekers bogen zich over de gefossiliseerde botten en vergeleken deze met talrijkere exemplaren van een kleinere Quetzalcoatlus-soort om het vlieg-, loop- en lanceergedrag beter te begrijpen. En uiteindelijk slaagde het onderzoeksteam erin het unieke loopje van Quetzalcoatlus te onthullen.
Vleugels Het beeld dat het onderzoeksteam uiteindelijk schetst, is van een dier dat best wat weg heeft van hedendaagse reigers, gecombineerd met kenmerken van condors en gieren. “Pterosauriërs hebben enorme borstbeenderen – de plek waar de vliegspieren zich hechten – dus het lijdt geen twijfel dat het geweldige vliegers waren,” zegt Padian. “Hun opperarmbeen – de humerus – kenmerkt zich door enorme, benige toppen waar de spieren die ze gebruikten om te vliegen, worden verankerd. Deze zijn groter dan die van vogels en veel groter dan die van vleermuizen. De vleugels werkten in wezen hetzelfde als die van vogels en andere dinosauriërs, waaraan pterosauriërs het nauwst verwant zijn.”
Meer over Quetzalcoatlus De onderzoekers vermoeden dat Quetzalcoatlus geen veren had: zijn lichaam – inclusief vleugels – was bedekt met haar, zoals bij alle pterosauriërs. Net als dinosaurussen waren ze warmbloedig en actief. Quetzalcoatlus had geen staart, vermoedelijk om zo wendbaarder te zijn. Daarnaast leek hij een beetje op een uit de kluiten gewassen ooievaar. De pterosauriër hield er waarschijnlijk een gevarieerd dieet op na en zocht in de modder naar krabbetjes, wormen en kokkels, maar ook kleine visjes, insecten, slangen en hagedissen stonden geregeld op zijn menu.
Net als vogels, vleermuizen en zelfs mensen, hebben de voorpoten van pterosauriërs drie segmenten: de humerus, de onderarm en de pols- en handbotjes. Maar in tegenstelling tot vogels en vleermuizen, bestaat het buitenste deel van de pterosauriërvleugel uit een gigantische ‘vleugelvinger’. “Het is vergelijkbaar met een skistok die zich vanaf het begin van je vingers uitstrekt en 90 graden naar buiten buigt,” legt Padian uit.
Tweevoetig Quetzalcoatlus was tweevoetig, wat betekent dat hij op twee benen liep. Maar omdat de botten van de voorpoten zo langwerpig zijn, raakten zijn vleugels de grond wanneer ze opgevouwen waren. Dit deed sommigen vermoeden dat de pterosauriërs zich net als een vampiervleermuis voortbewogen; die gebruiken hun voorpoten om zichzelf op de grond voort te stuwen.
Een schets van de botten van Quetzalcoatlus northropi. Het dier hield er een uniek loopje op na, die duidelijk verschilde van die van een vampiervleermuis.
Afbeelding: John Conway
De onderzoekers komen nu echter tot de ontdekking dat Quetzalcoatlus hier waarschijnlijk niet toe in staat was: als hij op de grond stond, kon hij zijn vleugels alleen naar voren of opzij bewegen. “Eenmaal op de grond, kon hij zijn voorpoten niet terugdraaien om vooruit te komen,” zegt Padian. “Het bot in zijn schouder zat daarvoor in de weg.” Om toch op de grond vooruit te komen, hief de pterosauriër eerst zijn linkerarm op, zette vervolgens met zijn linkerbeen een stap en plaatste zijn linkerarm op de grond. Dit proces herhaalde hij aan de rechterkant. “Dit lijkt misschien wat omslachtig,” zegt Padian. “Maar het dier kon de gang snel en gemakkelijk uitvoeren.”
Opstijgen Hoe Quetzalcoatlus opsteeg? Omdat zijn poten korter waren dan zijn vleugels, kon hij niet simpelweg met zijn vleugels klapperen om zichzelf te lanceren. De onderzoekers vermoeden dan ook dat de pterosauriër zijn sterke achterpoten gebruikte om omhoog te springen. Vervolgens begon hij, zodra er enige ruimte onder hem was gekomen, met zijn vleugels te klapperen. Reigers en zilverreigers doen hetzelfde, hoewel ze aanzienlijk kleiner zijn dan Quetzalcoatlus.
Een stapsgewijze reconstructie van hoe Quetzalcoatlus opsteeg. De pterosauriër hurkt, springt en begint dan met zijn vleugels te klappen.
Afbeelding: Kevin Padian and John Conway
De bevindingen zijn revolutionair voor de studie naar pterosauriërs – de eerste dieren, na insecten, die ooit een gemotoriseerde vlucht ontwikkelden. Padian geeft toe dat er nog steeds enkele vragen over Quetzalcoatlus en pterosauriërs in het algemeen onbeantwoord blijven. Maar dankzij het omvangrijke onderzoek hebben we nu wel een veel beter beeld van hoe het grootste vliegende dier dat ooit op aarde leefde, zich – op vrij eigenaardige wijze – voortbewoog.
An unexplained object is seen at center of the image from video provided by the Department of Defense labelled Gimbal, from 2015. “There's a whole fleet of them,” one naval aviator tells another, though only one indistinct object is shown. “It's rotating."
(DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE/AP)
American officials and analysts globally are raising alarm about a new Defense Department office that will handle the U.S. government’s examination of unidentified flying objects, warning that the move indicates the military wants to end a brief spell of transparency and shove UFO reports back into a closet under lock and key.
The Pentagon quietly announced the Tuesday night before Thanksgiving that it had formed the esoteric-sounding Airborne Object Identification and Management Synchronization Group. Working with the intelligence agencies, it serves as the follow-on to a government-wide effort earlier this year to document and analyze reports of encounters with unidentified objects – “Unidentified Aerial Phenomena” or UAPs in Pentagon jargon – predominantly from military pilots.
The new office, which reports to the undersecretary of defense for Intelligence and Security, will now oversee the entire government’s study of UFOs, focusing on sightings within restricted military airspace and will also “assess and mitigate any associated threats to safety of flight and national security,” a spokeswoman says.
The Defense Department has since justified the composition of the office as necessary to provide uniformity to the reporting process and subsequent analysis.
But some researchers characterize the Pentagon’s latest move as an “insulting” attempt to run around specific efforts by civilian organizations and leaders in Congress to exercise greater oversight over the government’s study of UFOs.
“It represents a brazen step towards completely stifling the burgeoning demand from both the public and Congress for increased UFO transparency,” says Peter Whitley, a researcher based in Japan and a member of the Mutual UFO Network, or MUFON, which considers itself one of the largest and oldest of its kind. “Clearly, the DOD is attempting to reverse course on this trend and shut the door on further disclosure of any kind.”
Others who follow the issue closely see it as nothing more than a play by the Pentagon to control a subject that should belong in the arena of scientific study – at the expense of proper oversight.
“It is clear that the Pentagon does not want any civilian interference in this,” says Clas Svahn, chairman for the Sweden-based Archives for the Unexplained, among the most comprehensive digital libraries for UFO sightings and investigations into them by governments worldwide. “This is a power struggle over who should have access to UAP information.”
So-called “ufologists” around the world expressed optimism this summer at the congressionally mandated effort led by the civilian Office of the Director of National Intelligence into the government’s handling of UFO sightings. It culminated in a report released in June that offered few exciting conclusions – no documentation of “little green men,” for example – but elevated the reputation of an often-ridiculed subject to one deserving of serious consideration among the world’s most powerful countries.
The Pentagon through the formation of the new office has begun to dash those hopes with what some consider a unilateral power grab. And, indeed, even some lawmakers have expressed concerns of their own.
Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand has sponsored a pending bipartisan amendment to this year’s military budget bill that would ramp up government study of the issue and add more layers of oversight, in addition to determining whether any sighting amounts to a threat from unknown technologies fielded from Russia, China – or elsewhere. It calls for the creation of a new advisory committee composed of experts from civilian agencies such as NASA and the Federal Aviation Administration as well as from academia to strengthen public discourse over the findings.
“While we appreciate the DOD’s attention to the issue, the AOIMSG doesn’t go nearly far enough to help us better understand the data we are gathering on UAPs,” a spokeswoman for the New York Democrat, Lizzie Landau, tells U.S. News. The framework she has proposed “does much more to address the UAP issue while also maintaining public oversight.”
The Defense Department, however, has pushed back on the notion that its supremacy over the issue amounts to anything nefarious and says it can practice transparency on its own.
“This is a chance for us to be much more organized in the way we process these reports,” Pentagon spokesman John Kirby told reporters this week. “And we will certainly continue to be as transparent as we can about these phenomena and the impact that they may or may not be having on our ability to operate.”
Kirby then tempered expectations about what the public may learn of the newly formed office’s findings.
“I don't want to leave you with the impression that there'll be sort of a regular drumbeat of, you know, of some kind of report that gets posted on a website, you know, every couple months,” he added.
The Pentagon’s approach has deeply frustrated those who have followed the issue closely, particularly after it finally acknowledged that for years it has neglected to adequately analyze its encounters with unknown objects in U.S. airspace.
“This is an end-around to cut the legs out from Sen. Gillibrand in her amendment to the next defense spending bill,” says Robert Spearing, MUFON’s director of international investigations, who is based in Costa Rica. “She wants a government office that utilizes input from civilian organizations. In essence, the Pentagon doesn’t want this.”
Two former defense officials who previously worked on UFO assessments told The Hill in an interview that the latest initiative is woefully underprepared to handle the issue.
“If we want 70 more years of secrecy on this topic, then [the undersecretary for intelligence’s office] is the perfect place to put it. They’ve had four years so far, and we have little in the way of efforts serving the public interest,” Luis Elizondo, the former head of an informal Defense Department unit that assessed military UFO reports, told the paper.
Elizondo isn’t the only expert to question the Defense Department’s assertions that it alone can determine what materials to make public.
“To be ‘as transparent as we can’ means nothing much,” Svahn says. The military’s approach is particularly frustrating “when it comes to observations and reports that are made by Air Force and Navy pilots inside restricted airspace, since they most certainly will be seen as something that could threaten national security.”
“Now,” he adds, “UAPs will only be seen as a threat – and treated as that.”
1952 was the year America caught flying-saucer fever.
So when a rash of strange sightings was reported in the skies over Washington D.C. that summer, the press and the public demanded answers. Were these unexplained radar blips, crafts that in some cases outran jets, part of a nuclear-armed Soviet invasion—a very real threat at the height of the Red Scare? Or were they evidence of something far more mysterious?
The Washington, D.C. sightings of July 1952, also known as “the Big Flap,” hold a special place in the history of unidentified flying objects. Major American newspapers were reporting multiple credible sightings by civilian and military radar operators and pilots—so many that a special intelligence unit of the U.S. Air Force was sent in to investigate. What they found—or didn’t find—along with the Air Force’s official explanation, fueled some of the earliest conspiracy theories about a government plot to hide evidence of alien life.
UFO mania takes hold
Pilots E.J. Smith, Kenneth Arnold, and Ralph E. Stevens look at a photo of an unidentified flying object which they sighted while en route to Seattle, Washington, 1947.
Bettmann Archive/Getty Images
It all started in 1947, when a search-and-rescue pilot named Kenneth Arnold reported nine "saucer-like things...flying like geese in a diagonal chainlike line" at speeds exceeding 1,000 m.p.h. near Mount Rainier in Washington State. Within weeks, “flying saucer” sightings had been reported in 40 other states.
In the name of national security, Air Force General Nathan Twining launched Project SIGN (originally named Project SAUCER) in 1948, the first official military-intelligence program to collect information on UFO sightings. Its investigators dismissed the vast majority as hoaxes or misidentifications of known aircraft or natural phenomena.
But a few cases remained “unexplained.”
By 1952, the UFO-investigation unit was called Project Blue Book, led by Captain Edward Ruppelt at the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio. Ruppelt and his team would probably have continued to investigate a couple dozen sightings a month if not for the April 1952 issue of LIFE magazine. Just above its knockout cover shot of Marilyn Monroe ran an equally eye-catching headline: “There is a Case for Interplanetary Saucers.”
The article, written with Ruppelt’s full cooperation, explained the Air Force’s national-security interest in UFOs. And it made a convincing case—through the colorful retelling of 10 unexplained UFO “incidents”—that these unidentified objects were extraterrestrial in origin. As one rocket scientist working on “secret” projects for the U.S. told LIFE: "I am completely convinced that they have an out-of-world basis."
According to The Washington Post, the number of UFO sightings reported to the Air Force jumped more than sixfold, from 23 in March 1952 to 148 in June. By July, the precise conditions were in place for a wildfire of UFO mania: widespread Cold War anxiety, mainstream press coverage of unexplained UFO incidents and a healthy dose of “midsummer madness.” All that was needed was a spark.
Mysterious radar blips buzzing over the White House
The Washington National Airport, 1953.
PhotoQuest/Getty Images
Shortly before midnight on Saturday, July 19, 1952, air-traffic controller Edward Nugent at Washington National Airport spotted seven slow-moving objects on his radar screen far from any known civilian or military flight paths. He called over his supervisor and joked about a “fleet of flying saucers.” At the same time, two more air-traffic controllers at National spotted a strange bright light hovering in the distance that suddenly zipped away at incredible speed.
At nearby Andrews Air Force Base, radar operators were getting the same unidentified blips—slow and clustered at first, then racing away at speeds exceeding 7,000 mph. Looking out his tower window, one Andrews controller saw what he described as an “orange ball of fire trailing a tail.” A commercial pilot, cruising over the Virginia and Washington, D.C. area, reported six streaking bright lights, “like falling stars without tails.”
When radar operators at National watched the objects buzz past the White House and Capitol building, the UFO jokes stopped. Two F-94 interceptor jets were scrambled, but each time they approached the locations appearing on the radar screens, the mysterious blips would disappear. By dawn of July 20, the objects were gone.
Nobody bothered to tell Ruppelt, the Air Force’s lead Project Blue Book investigator, about the sightings. He found out a few days later when he flew into Washington, D.C. and read news reports. Ruppelt tried to get out to National and Andrews to interview radar operators and air-traffic controllers, but was denied a government-issued car or even cab fare. Frustrated, he flew back to Ohio with nothing.
The very next Saturday, the UFOs were back over the nation’s capital. Again, Ruppelt found out through a phone call from a reporter, and immediately called on two Air Force colleagues to check out the situation at National. The same radar blips were back, and radar operators wondered out loud if the dozen or so objects on their screens couldn’t be caused by a temperature inversion, a common phenomenon in D.C.’s hot, muggy summer months.
A temperature inversion occurs when a layer of warm air forms in the low atmosphere, trapping cooler air beneath. Radar signals can bounce off this layer at shallow angles and mistakenly show near-ground objects as appearing in the sky. Ruppelt’s Air Force colleagues, however, were convinced that the objects on the radar screen weren’t mirages, but solid aircraft.
To be safe, two more F-94 jets were scrambled to chase down the unidentified targets appearing on radar screens at both National and Andrews. A game of high-speed Whack-a-Mole ensued, where the jets would race to a location targeted by radar, only for the blips to vanish. Finally, one of the jet pilots caught sight of a bright light in the distance and gave chase.
“I tried to make contact with the bogies below 1,000 feet,” the pilot later told reporters. “I saw several bright lights. I was at maximum speed, but even then I had no closing speed. I ceased chasing them because I saw no chance of overtaking them.”
Captain Edward Ruppelt, standing, and General John Samford, seated to the right of him, discussing the reports of unidentified flying objects with other Air Force officers at a 1952 news conference.
Bettmann Archive/Getty Images
The next day, newspaper headlines across America screamed “Saucers Swarm Over Capital” and “Jets Chase D.C. Sky Ghosts.” The publicity and public panic over the sightings were so great that President Harry Truman himself asked aides to get answers. When they called Ruppelt, he said it could have been caused by a temperature inversion, but more investigation was needed to fully explain both the radar images and credible eyewitness accounts.
But before such an in-depth investigation could take place, the Air Force called a press conference, the longest such news event since World War II. The Air Force brass had decided, without consulting Ruppelt or the Project Blue Book team, that the best response to the sightings was to feed the press and the public an easy-to-swallow explanation.
Dodging specific questions about what pilots and radar operators had seen in the skies over the Capitol, Major General John Samford came back again and again to the temperature-inversion theory. Never mind that Ruppelt had since come to the opposite conclusion.
“The investigators had ruled out the inversion,” says Alejandro Rojas, editor of the UFO news site OpenMinds. “They had examined that situation. The radar operators said, ‘Inversions happen. We know what inversions look like. This is not an inversion. This is not the same thing at all.’”
To Ruppelt’s disappointment, the Air Force’s press conference worked exactly as planned. The papers reported the temperature-inversion story and the public largely seemed to accept it. In his 1956 book, The Report on Unidentified Flying Objects, Ruppelt reports that after the press conference, UFO sightings dropped from 50 a day to 10.
Skeptics, however, weren’t satisfied with the pat government response. Many accused Air Force and Project Blue Book investigators of devious behavior and secret knowledge. It wasn’t until Project Blue Book documents were made public in 1985 that UFO sleuths could see that the closest thing to a government cover-up of UFO sightings in the nation’s capital was actually a conspiracy of ignorance.
The Ateshgah Baku Fire Temple: Built On an Azerbaijan Natural Gas Vent
The Ateshgah Baku Fire Temple: Built On an Azerbaijan Natural Gas Vent
The Ateshgah Baku fire temple, located in the capital of Azerbaijan, was built over a natural gas vent, and constructed between the late 17th and early 18th centuries AD. There is evidence, however, that an older temple once stood at the site. One of the interesting features of the Ateshgah Baku fire temple are the inscriptions on the temple used by Zoroastrians, Hindus, and Sikhs. The Ateshgah has since lost its religious function and was converted into a museum during the 1970s.
Inscriptions in Arabic and Indian on the Ateshgah Baku fire temple, located in the suburb of Surakhany, Baku, Azerbaijan.
The Baku Fire Temples: Already in Use in the 10th Century AD
The Ateshgah Baku fire temple is located in Surakhany, a suburb of Baku, Azerbaijan. Due to the many natural gas vents under the Absheron Peninsula (where Baku is situated), fire rituals have been carried out in the area since the 10th century AD. The natural gas vents provided fuel for flames that could burn perpetually, the so-called “eternal flames.” This natural phenomenon can also seen at Yanar Dag (meaning “Burning Mountain”) near Baku.
Baku was once on the famous Silk Road . In addition to goods, this trade route also allowed news to travel from East to West, and vice versa. It is thought that through the Silk Road, merchants in India heard of stories about the Absheron Peninsula and its eternal flames. As a result, pilgrims from India began to travel to Baku to worship the sacred flames. At the same time, they brought their own gods to this foreign land, and worshipped them alongside these flaming gas vents.
The current Ateshgah Baku fire temple was built between the late 17th and early 18th centuries AD. When renovations were carried out in 1969, part of an older structure was found beneath the current temple. This suggests that the site was already used for religious purposes prior to the 17th century. Although it is speculated that the older temple extended beyond the perimeter of the current temple, this may be impossible to ascertain, since the remains were probably destroyed from the 19th century onwards as the surrounding area was excavated for oil and gas.
An inscribed invocation to Lord Shiva of the Hindu religion written in Sanskrit at the Ateshgah Baku fire temple.
The current Ateshgah fire temple consists of a circuit of pentagonal walls surrounding a courtyard, in the middle of which is the altar. This altar takes the form of a pavilion and was built on top of a natural gas vent. Through the gases from this vent, the flame in the middle of the pavilion and four smaller ones on the rooftop corners are maintained. Within the courtyard, and around the altar, are small cells that provided accommodation for pilgrims and ascetics.
The architecture of the Ateshgah fire temple incorporates elements from both Zoroastrianism and Hinduism. It is still a matter of debate, however, whether the temple was originally founded as a Zoroastrian or Hindu place of worship. The current consensus is that whilst the Ateshgah was initially established as a Zoroastrian temple, it developed into a predominantly Hindu site over time.
In addition to the Hindu architectural elements, the other sign of the presence of Hindus at the Ateshgah is the inscriptions dedicated to the Hindu gods Ganesha and Shiva. Apart from these, there are also inscriptions dedicated by Sikh pilgrims who came to the Ateshgah to worship. Although Ateshgah is also associated with Zoroastrianism, there is in fact only a single Zoroastrian inscription at the temple. In any case, the inscriptions indicate that the sacred site was shared by the three different religions.
An engraving of the Ateshgah Baku fire temple of Azerbaijan showing pilgrims visiting the site.
It seems that by the late 19th century, the Ateshgah Baku fire temple was abandoned, possibly due to the decline in Azerbaijan’s Indian population. Nevertheless, even during that century, Parsis and Zoroastrians, who migrated to India following the Islamic conquest of Persia during the 7th century AD, continued to make pilgrimages to the site. Moreover, the site also became a tourist attraction for European tourists travelling in Azerbaijan.
As mentioned earlier, the Ateshgah Baku fire temple was renovated in 1969. Incidentally, in that same year, the eternal flame at the altar died, due to the intensive exploitation of the natural gas reserves on the Absheron Peninsula. Although the flame is still maintained today, its source of fuel is provided by Baku’s main gas supply.
In 1975, the Ateshgah was converted into a museum. The cells surrounding the altar, for instance, are used to tell the stories of the pilgrims who once travelled to the temple to worship.
As the Ateshgah fire temple is located in a suburb of Baku, it is not close to any of the city’s metro stations. Instead, there are buses that run from some of the stations to the site. Apart from that, one could also travel to the temple by taxi. The Ateshgah is open every day from 10:00 to 18:00, and tickets are required to enter the site.
Top image: The altar of the Ateshgah Baku fire temple in the capital of Azerbaijan. Source: vadim.nefedov / Adobe Stock
New Denisovan Fossils From Siberian Cave Are The Oldest Ever Found
New Denisovan Fossils From Siberian Cave Are The Oldest Ever Found
Researchers from the Max Planck Society and the Universities of Vienna and Tübingen have found new fossilized human-like remains mixed in an assortment of bone samples taken from Siberia’s famed Denisova Cave. This includes three fragments that belonged to actual Denisovans, the much-speculated-about species that gave the cave its name. These bones will be added to the growing collection of Denisovan fossils connected to the most intriguing of all the extinct human species, which lived on the Earth at the same time as Neanderthals and early modern humans yet left such a light footprint as to be virtually undetectable.
Remarkably, these Denisovan fossils were recovered from a deep excavation layer that dated to 200,000 years in the past. These are the earliest Denisovan remains ever found, and they prove that Denisova Cave was occupied by archaic humans more than 150,000 years before modern humans reached the Siberian region following their migrations out of Africa. The analysis results of the newly discovered Denisovan fossils have been published in a study in the Nature Ecology & Evolution journal.
The latest Denisovan fossils were found in a deep layer of Denisova Cave in Siberian Russia and proven to date back about 200,000 years, making them the oldest Denisovan remains ever found.
Evidence Found In a Haystack of Denisovan Fossil Fragments
Science first learned of the existence of the Denisovans in 2008. That’s when a small number of fossilized bones and teeth were recovered from an isolated cave in the Altai Mountains in southern Siberia.
Unfortunately, the Denisovan fossil fragments found at the Denisova Cave were few. They revealed scarce details about this long-lost Homo sapiens cousin, which is believed to have died out approximately 50,000 years ago. In the years that have passed since, archaeologists and anthropologists have been frantically searching for more remains left behind by this elusive species. They’ve been searching primarily in northern, central, and eastern Asia, where traces of their DNA have been found in indigenous residents.
Archaeologists and anthropologists have been optimistic about eventually finding Denisovan fossils in these other locations (a fossilized Denisovan jawbone found in a cave in Tibet generated much excitement). But many scientists have continued to focus their search on Siberia’s Denisova Cave, where the ancient Denisovan presence has been most firmly established.
In this extraordinarily successful new study, scientists working under team leader Katerina Douka, an assistant professor in the University of Vienna’s Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, spent several years analyzing ancient DNA samples and assorted proteins extracted from approximately 3,800 bone fragments taken from the cave. As they explain in a new article in the journal Nature Ecology and Evolution , these bones included a diverse mixture of animal and human fossils, and it would have been impossible to identify anything visually.
Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry or ZooMS was used to analyze the recently discovered Denisovan fossils, which are now the oldest ever!
For a Positive ID Researchers Relied on Peptide Analysis
To make a positive ID, the researchers only option was to use a technology known as Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectroscopy, or ZooMS. This high-tech tool can identify peptides (strings of amino acids) that are found specifically in the human body, and in the body of human ancestor species as well.
With this reliable technology at their disposal, the scientists concentrated on fossils excavated from the cave’s most ancient layer, which had been dated back 200,000 years. The bones collected from this layer were truly a fragmented and haphazard jumble, and that’s why little work had been done on them in the past. But with ZooMS, there was an opportunity to search for Denisovan fossils in a collection of bones that had not been fully examined before.
Team member Samantha Brown, a doctoral student at the University of Tubingen, was assigned the task of performing the actual analysis of the approximately 3,800 previously unidentified bone fragments. The vast majority of these fossil bones had belonged to animals, making the search for human remains the equivalent of looking for the proverbial needle in a haystack.
With enough time and diligence, even the smallest needle can be found eventually, and Brown’s research ultimately proved successful. Aided by the precise ZooMS technology, she found five bones with collagen profiles that matched those of humans.
But which types of humans? Certainly not modern humans ( Homo sapiens ), which would not arrive in Siberia until much later. That left Neanderthals and Denisovans as the two possible candidates.
To solve this mystery, the scientists turned to another high-tech innovation that has revolutionized archaeological and anthropological practice: DNA analysis. Out of the five human bones Brown identified, four contained significant enough traces of genetic material to allow for a mitochondrial DNA reconstruction. These tests showed that one of the bone fragments had belonged to a Neanderthal, while the other three were all Denisovan.
At an age of 200,000 years, this DNA typing officially established the three bone samples as the oldest remains of Denisovans ever found.
"Denisova is an amazing place for DNA preservation, and we have now reconstructed genomes from some of the oldest and best-preserved human fossils," Dr. Diyendo Massilani, a genetic researcher from the Max Planck Institute of Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, explained in an Institute press release announcing this amazing discovery.
The Denisova 3 fifth distal finger phalanx of 13.5-year adolescent Denisovan female, the first bone fossil uncovered at Denisova Cave in 2008.
Finding New Denisovan Fossil Bones and Lithic Stone Tools
There is no underestimating the impact and importance of this discovery. "We were extremely excited to identify three new Denisovan bones amongst the oldest layers of Denisova Cave," Katerina Douka told Live Science . "We specifically targeted these layers where no other human fossils were found before, and our strategy worked."
"Finding one new human bone would have been cool, but five? This exceeded my wildest dreams," Samantha Brown added.
The discovery of the age of the 200,00-year-old Denisovan bones was exciting. But there is another part to the story that is perhaps even more significant.
Inside the deep layer of the cave where the fossils were found, archaeologists also unearthed a large number of lithic stone artifacts dating to the same time period. These included several scaping tools, which presumably were used to process animal skins.
Notably, none of these tools were similar to any that had been found in central or northern Asia before.
"This is the first time we can be sure that Denisovans were the makers of the archaeological remains [the stone tools] we found associated with their bone fragments," Douka confirmed.
Previously discovered Denisovan fossils had either been found separate from artifacts, or alongside artifacts that were suspected to have been left by Neanderthals. The two ancient species frequently occupied the same caves and territories and were known to have interbred .
There were also thousands of pieces of animal bones found in the oldest layer of Denisova Cave. They have now been identified as belonging to such species as deer, wild horses, bison, gazelles, and wooly rhinoceroses, all of which could have been hunted by Denisovans 200,000 years ago. Many of the bones contained marks consistent with butchering, while others had been damaged by fire (meaning the flesh of the animals had been cooked).
"The site's strategic point in front of a water source and the entrance of a valley would have served as a great spot for hunting," Douka noted.
If Denisova Cave contains more Denisovan bones or artifacts, the researchers intend to find them. Katerina Douka confirms that her team is continuing its search at the cave, while also carrying out excavations at several other Asian sites where they are hopeful Denisovan fossil remains might be found.
Top image: Denisovan fossils look a bit unremarkable, but these bone fragments, mostly from animals, were perfect for Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectroscopy and DNA analysis, which were used in the recent study .
Watch: Mysterious Lights In The Sky Puzzle Residents In Punjab City
Watch: Mysterious Lights In The Sky Puzzle Residents In Punjab City
The phenomenon appeared in the sky for a few minutes shortly before 7 pm.
Residents described seeing a string of bright, white lights.
Chandigarh: A line of bright lights darting through the night sky in Punjab's Pathankot left residents confused on Friday evening.
The phenomenon appeared in the sky for a few minutes shortly before 7 pm.
"We saw the fast-moving object with bright lights, like a train. It looked just like a train at a distance. The light was very bright and white. It was the first time we saw something like this. We saw it for five whole minutes, after which it vanished," said one resident.
The unidentified object also sparked chatter on Twitter.
Believe it or not, not every searcher for a lost underwater city is looking for Atlantis. George Gelé has been seeking what was once a major city 12,000 years ago in the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of the state of Louisiana. He claims his 50-year search has resulted in sonar images of buildings and a pyramid, and he has witnesses who claim they’ve experienced strange electrical anomalies in the area. Needless to say, Gelé has his doubters. What exactly does he think he’s found and what is his evidence?
“What’s down there are hundreds of buildings that are covered with sand and silt and that are geographically related to the Great Pyramid at Giza. Somebody floated a billion stones down the Mississippi River and assembled them outside what would later become New Orleans.”
In an interview with WWL-TV, Gelé claimed he has located large underwater granite mounds near the Chandeleur Islands that were once the site of a lost city he calls “Crecsentis.” The Chandeleur Islands are a chain of uninhabited barrier islands east of New Orleans in the Gulf of Mexico that form the Chandeleur Sound. The islands were in the news a number of times recently – they were partially destroyed in 2005 by Hurricane Katrina, and in 2010 hundreds of miles of the Chandeleur Sound’s coastline marshes were destroyed by the Deep Horizon oil spill. Neither of those deterred Gelé in his search for “Crecsentis.”
An aerial view of Chandeleur Islands. Louisiana, Chandeleur Islands, St. Bernard Parish.
“What’s important is to figure out what’s there because whatever it is, it belongs to the people of Louisiana.”
There is a consensus that there is indeed something big and made of granite in the Gulf off the coast of St. Bernard Parish. Gelé began looking for it after studying architecture at Louisiana State University and archeology on a student trip to Mexico. Since 1976, he has made 44 trips to the site that is well known to Isleño (descendants of Canary Islanders) fishermen and other boaters. He’s measured the largest pyramidal part (200 feet by 700 feet by 280 feet tall) and compares it to the Superdome in New Orleans. On diving expeditions, he’s brought up old pieces of building material, but local fisherman have netted pieces of granite which are not from Louisiana.
“Everything will go out on your boat, all your electronics. Like as if you were in the Bermuda Triangle. That’s exactly what we got here.”
Local shrimper Ricky Robin told the Sun he’s taken Gelé to the spot where his electronics go haywire – the same spot where granite is found. Gelé claims he’s taken sonar images at the spot that show the pyramid and remains of large buildings. While he’s open to suggestions about the rubble piled on top of the pyramid, he seems committed to the pyramid being from a 12,000-year-old civilization predating the Maya, Inca, and Aztecs. While he doesn’t say how, he claims “Crecsentis” could be linked to those civilizations.
Who controls what’s hidden in the depths of the Gulf of Mexico?
This mysterious rock mound in the Gulf is known to archeologists – a study by Texas A&M in the late 1980s concluded it’s a pile of shipwrecks or ballast stones dumped by Spanish or French boats. vessels. Gelé has had permission to dive to the spot since 2011 but hasn’t returned with any solid evidence of “Crecsentis.” Nor have the electrical anomalies claimed by Robin been confirmed by anyone else. Obviously, it hasn’t discouraged Gelé, but it has drained his finances and the state of Louisiana, while interested in what he finds, isn’t interested in kicking in any cash.
George Gelé has spent almost 50 years studying the site where he believes a lost city is hiding underwater.
Is George Gelé chasing a real Gulf of Mexico Atlantis or just a pile of rocks? The Gulf holds many mysteries but is controlled by the oil industry. The only thing they can’t control is hurricanes. Perhaps one will help Gelé find “Crecsentis” … or prove him wrong.
Mention “false flag,” “aliens” and “UFOs” in a sentence and most people are reminded of Project Blue Beam — the infamous conspiracy theory of Serge Monast in the early 1990s warning that NASA was working with the United Nations to establish a New Age religion with the Antichrist at its head and start a New World Order by creating giant holograms to fool the public. However, when retired FBI agent John DeSouza uses those terms, he’s referring to the Tic Tac UFOs encountered by the U.S. military and his alleged inside knowledge that their sightings will increase under a fake alien invasion scenario to scare the world. Is this scenario for real?
Another Project Blue Beam?
“One of the things that I see happening throughout 2022 is going to be … they’re gonna make these Tic Tacs, and these Tic Tacs come in many different shapes and sizes like they are sometimes cylinders, they are sometimes motherships, they are in all different shapes and sizes.”
John DeSouza is in the news this week because of his interview with Michael Salla, founder of Exopolitics.org, who was also in the news this week with his ‘revelation’ that Vladimir Putin invaded Ukraine to gain possession of an “ancient space ark” which the world would see flying soon – and this is just one of two in Russia’s possession and there are more managed by the U.S. and China as well as on the Moon and Mars. In his quest to reveal what’s ‘really’ going on in the world of UFOs, extraterrestrials and world politics, Salla interviewed DeSouza – whose bio says he’s a “FBI Special Agent (RET.) Investigator for 25 years and collector of the real life “X-Files.” He is also the author of three books on paranormal subjects.
“… what we’re going to be seeing is we’re going to be seeing these Tic Tacs, also called UAPs, that’s the new terminology, as well we’re going to be seeing them actually engaging civilian ships and vessels in a hostile aggressive manner.”
The key word in DeSouza’s interview (you can watch it in its entirety here) with Salla is “civilian” – he’s predicting the Tic Tac UFOs/UAPs, which have until now only appeared around Navy ships, will soon become hostile and aggressive to civilians in boats. How hostile and aggressive?
“They may not be killing people yet, but they will be doing things to disable ships, disable vessels, actually have real physical confrontation.”
Physical confrontations, disabling civilian ships but no killing … “yet.” Why will this happen?
“Because at this point they need to ratchet up the fear more than what it’s been. It can’t just be this – oh, the Tic Tacs appeared and they zipped around and then they disappeared. They’re gonna need to kick that up a level.”
Since DeSouza worked for the U.S. FBI, we can assume the “they” in his scenario refers to the U.S. government. Why would our government or any other governments attack their own civilians under the guise of an extraterrestrial attack? Salla himself brings up Project Blue Beam, which Monast linked to NASA and the UN. Taking advantage of his platform, DeSouza seemed to try to get everything he knows into the interview – the Men in Black, the Moon being an artificial structure, motherships or alien arks.
“My calling is to show people they already have what they need to ascend. The first and greatest lie has been exploded: that this material façade is all there is. Next we must awaken to our own supernatural abilities. These abilities must then be joined to faith and belief. Faith and supernatural abilities will then determine everything in life and beyond.”
While he’s often billed as the “real” X-man, DeSouza seems to live on the pseudo-religious side of UFOs and aliens than the physical evidence side. While he talks about frauds and fakes, he doesn’t (at least in this interview) present any evidence to back up his claims. Without that, it’s hard to determine who is waving the false flag.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
Here Are 20 Years of UFO Sightings We Got From the Canadian Government
Here Are 20 Years of UFO Sightings We Got From the Canadian Government
VICE World News obtained nearly 300 pages of documents through freedom of information requests that include strange sightings from pilots, soldiers, and police officers.
THE DOCUMENTS, TOTALLING 290 PAGES, CONTAIN DOZENS OF STRANGE SIGHTINGS FROM COMMERCIAL PILOTS, SOLDIERS, AND COPS.
STOCK PHOTO BY GETTY IMAGES
The Canadian government has released 20 years of UFO reports.
The 500-plus reports spanning nearly 300 pages contain dozens of strange sightings from commercial pilots, soldiers, and police officers. (Here are some of the highlights.) Obtained by VICE World News through Canadian freedom of information laws, the reports were made to federal transportation authorities as recently as last year, when a Canadian military flight spotted a “bright green flying object” that “flew into a cloud then disappeared” over eastern Canada.
Other unusual observations include Newfoundland police “tracking two brightly coloured flying objects” in August 2001 and a December 2018 passenger flight from Alaska to Seattle that reported “pulsating lights” descending from 60,000 feet.
“I would be inclined categorically to believe anybody that reported something,” former Canadian fighter pilot John “Jock” Williams told VICE World News. “There’s no upside to making a fake report.”
Williams is an aviation consultant who has also worked as a federal flight safety officer.
“There is a definite reluctance to report stuff,” he said. “I’m amazed at the amount of the material they sent you, and some of it actually is pretty good.”
All 290 pages of reports have been included at the bottom of this story as a downloadable PDF.
There are loads of civilian sightings too, such as a large glowing “object seen hovering quite quickly back and forth just above the tree line” near Peterborough, Ontario, in January 2011.
One uncommonly long report even details a sighting that was confirmed by military radar. On the night of Dec. 23, 2018, a fisherman in the Bay of Fundy and a woman at home in Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, both contacted a search and rescue centre to report a light that “was yellow, steady, and hovering” high above the Atlantic Ocean. When Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) personnel reviewed radar data from NORAD, the joint Canada-U.S. air defence alliance, they “observed three primary radar hits” that correlated almost exactly to the time and location of the sighting.
“This is an area that has good low level radar coverage, so there is no explanation of why there were only three points all at exactly 12,800 ft with no points leading up to or continuing on at any other altitudes,” a Canadian Air Defence Sector report states.
The best guess was “independent radar hits on weather and not an actual airborne object,” even though the “no threat” report notes it was a partly cloudy night with good visibility.
Less than an hour’s drive from Yarmouth, the nearby fishing village of Shag Harbour, Nova Scotia, was the site of a famous 1967 mass sighting of a large luminous object that disappeared into the ocean.
The reports also include previously unpublished documents on Canadian UFO cases covered in earlier VICE World News stories, like Alberta air traffic controllers who spotted a “solid bright light” that “appeared too fast to be any commercial aircraft” in December 2009, a Manitoba police officer who filmed “an unidentified bright yellow and orange light” with their cruiser’s dashcam in April 2011, and an April 2018 cargo flight from New York to Alaska that “reported an object flying sporadically… and moving at Mach 4” over northern Canada.
Have an unusual observation or document to share? Reach out to Daniel Otis via Twitter at @dsotis or email otisstories (at) gmail (dot) com.
VICE World News acquired the documents last month via two separate access to information requests that were filed in April and September with Transport Canada, the government department that oversees aviation. Most were forwarded to Transport Canada by the private company Nav Canada, which owns and operates the country’s civilian air traffic control infrastructure. The releases also feature nearly two dozen reports sent by the Canadian military. Many—but not all—were later edited and published on Transport Canada’s online aviation incident database.
Together, the two releases are meant to capture all “CIRVIS” reports held by Transport Canada that were created over the past two decades. Short for “Communication Instructions for Reporting Vital Intelligence Sightings,” an April 2021 VICE World News story showed how versions of this Cold War-era threat reporting procedure are still being used by Canadian air traffic controllers and the RCAF to document credible UFO cases.
In a statement to VICE World News, Transport Canada described CIRVIS reports as “a U.S. government instrument” that “usually fall outside the scope of Transport Canada’s mandate.”
“CIRVIS reports are infrequently reported to Transport Canada as the reports received are a result of natural phenomena such as fireballs, weather balloons, and meteors,” a spokesperson said.
Canada’s military isn’t as dismissive, but also generally considers UFOs to be outside their purview.
“The Canadian Armed Forces and the Royal Canadian Air Force do not typically investigate sightings of unknown or unexplained phenomena outside the context of investigating credible threats, potential threats, or potential distress in the case of search and rescue,” a spokesperson told VICE World News.
In the U.S., government-funded UFO research programs have existed almost continuously since 2007. The public got a glimpse of those efforts last June, when intelligence officials released a fascinating report on recent U.S. military sightings, which have included objects that appeared to “maneuver abruptly, or move at considerable speed, without discernible means of propulsion.” Signed by President Joe Biden in late December, the 2022 U.S. defence spending bill even contains a provision to create a new UFO office.
For more than two decades, the closest thing Canada had to an official UFO office was civilian researcher Chris Rutkowski.
Rutkowski received many of the reports contained in the two releases directly from transportation or military officials, often soon after the sightings. A handful of Canadian military UFO report forms even include instructions to fax copies to Rutkowski. The Winnipeg-based ufologist’s quiet relationship with Canadian authorities appears to have ended without warning in mid-2021.
“I have noticed an abrupt halt to my receiving of UFO reports through the Department of National Defence and Transport Canada,” Rutkowski told VICE World News. “UFOs may now be getting more attention from the government, which is ostensibly a good thing, but as a consequence the subject will be much less open to public scrutiny.”
While Rutkowski featured data from many of the reports in his annual Canadian UFO Survey, which has documented more than 22,000 UFO sightings since 1989, the reports themselves—especially those from the last decade—have largely not been made public.
“I needed to respect the confidential nature of such reports while at the same time requiring information for research on the topic,” Rutkowski said. “I do not believe there has been a release like this previously.”
There is some overlap between the two releases, which total 290 pages. The reports also include what are clearly drone, meteor, balloon, and satellite sightings—like a December 2019 Air Canada Express flight that reported “40 lights in the sky…travelling in groups of 15,” which was very likely a then relatively uncommon constellation of SpaceX Starlink internet satellites. Others almost seem psychedelic, like a Saint Walburg, Saskatchewan, resident who notified an air force base in October 2020 of “thousands of diamond-shaped objects passing overhead at a very high rate of speed.”
But the releases also contain dozens of reports that underscore the simple fact that credible witnesses like pilots, soldiers, and cops see things in the sky that they can’t identify. In other words, the evidence says UFOs exist. The real question is: what are they?
“I have no theory, to tell you the truth,” said Williams, the former RCAF pilot and Transport Canada safety officer. “But I have no reason to doubt anybody that’s putting in a report of that sort.”
RUSSIA RELEASES BIZARRE VIDEO OF SPACE STATION BREAKING APART
RUSSIA RELEASES BIZARRE VIDEO OF SPACE STATION BREAKING APART
WHAT EXACTLY... ARE THEY SUGGESTING?
RIA NOVOSTI / NASA WATCH / FUTURISM
Break Up
We’re not exactly sure what Russia’s space agency head Dmitry Rogozin is threatening the US with, but he certainly seems to be alluding to… something. A bizarre new video posted by state controlled media RIA Novosti showed the International Space Station breaking apart in an artist rendering after Russian cosmonauts bid adieu.
NASA Watch, a space news blog, tweeted the video with some important context earlier today. It’s accompanied by some kind of ironic classical singing?
“@Rogozin is clearly threatening the ISS program,” the outlet said Saturday, pictured below.
It was only weeks ago that Rogozin threatened to smash the US with debris from a defunct ISS by detaching the Russian segment, which SpaceX CEO Elon Musk responded to with his own company’s logo and a promise to keep the huge craft aloft. This time, it’s not clear if Rogozin is threatening to bring the ISS down into the atmosphere or just remove the Russian portion and fly solo.
Foot Sandwich
This is hardly the first time the chief of Roscosmos, which is essentially the Russian equivalent of NASA, has tossed insults and threats NASA’s way. Rogozin is also quite the colorful character, having taken it personally when SpaceX ended US reliance on Russian spacecraft to reach the ISS. There’s also, you know, that time Russia accidentally spun the ISS around — twice.
Despite the conflict, though, NASA has tried to keep the relationship stable. The organization released a statement after Russia’s ISS threat back in February, according to ScienceAlert.com
“[NASA] continues working with all our international partners, including the State Space Corporation Roscosmos, for the ongoing safe operations of the International Space Station,” the space agency said according to the industry outlet.
Like much of Russia’s ongoing and unprovoked invasion of Ukraine, there are more questions than answers about Rogozin’s threat and if he’s even being serious. Another Twitter user and space expert put it perfectly.
“I can’t wait for Twitter to cut off Russian government accounts so we won’t have to suffer through the trolling from @Rogozin (and other bots),” Alan Boyle, creator of space news outlet Cosmic Log, said online under a NASA Watch tweet.
In many respects an empty threat during a full-scale invasion is as worrying as a real one, so perhaps pulling the plug on Rogozin’s accounts really could dampen further escalation.
The James Webb Space Telescope might be grabbing all the headlines right now, but NASA has big plans for another space-based telescope too: The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope. Set to launch in 2027, Roman will survey the sky in the infrared wavelength to learn about big topics in cosmology like dark energy as well as perform a census of exoplanets. Now, NASA has shared more information about the kinds of planets that Roman could find, including the possibility it could take the first image of a Jupiter-like world.
Roman will be armed with a coronagraph instrument which is designed to block out light from very bright objects like stars to allow observation of the planets around them, opening the possibility of directly imaging planets. This is exciting because most exoplanets discovered now are detected indirectly, by looking at the star they orbit. Being able to image an exoplanet directly can give more information, for example about the planet’s atmosphere.
NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, named after NASA’s first Chief of Astronomy.NASA
“We will be able to image worlds in visible light using the Roman Coronagraph,” said Rob Zellem, an astronomer at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) who is working on Roman, in a statement. “Doing so from space will help us see smaller, older, and colder planets than direct imaging usually reveals, bringing us a giant leap closer to imaging planets like Earth.”
This also opens up more possibilities in the type of planets that could be discovered. Most methods used to detect exoplanets currently find large, young planets which glow brightly, and are typically located far from their host star. These factors make them easier to spot using current methods. But Roman’s coronagraph could spot rocky, Earth-sized planets, perhaps even within the habitable zone of sun-like stars. In addition, it could view planets in the visible light wavelength as opposed to the infrared wavelength more commonly used now.
“To image Earth-like planets, we’ll need 10,000 times better performance than today’s instruments provide,” said Vanessa Bailey, an astronomer at JPL and the instrument technologist for the Roman Coronagraph. “The Coronagraph Instrument will perform several hundred times better than current instruments, so we will be able to see Jupiter-like planets that are more than 100 million times fainter than their host stars.”
AWKWARD! A NASA ASTRONAUT IS CURRENTLY SCHEDULED TO FLY BACK TO EARTH IN A RUSSIAN SPACECRAFT
AWKWARD! A NASA ASTRONAUT IS CURRENTLY SCHEDULED TO FLY BACK TO EARTH IN A RUSSIAN SPACECRAFT
WHAT WILL THE SMALL TALK BE LIKE?
ROSCOSMOS
Awkward Vibes
NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, currently stationed on board the International Space Station, is scheduled to return to Earth in a Russian Soyuz spacecraft — an awkward predicament, given the extraordinarily tense situation between Russia and the United States developing back on the ground.
The international space community has been actively distancing itself from Russia after the country invaded Ukraine, a growing humanitarian crisis of devastating proportions. But for many years, Russia’s Soyuz rockets were the de facto way to send astronauts to and from the ISS, especially since NASA retired the Space Shuttle back in 2011.
That’s started to change over the past few years, with SpaceX’s Crew Dragon shifting the power dynamics by letting NASA send astronauts to the station directly again. But Vande Hei got to the station on a Soyuz last year, meaning it’ll be his trip home as well. Let’s just hope he’s good at small talk.
One Last Time
One possibility to avoid the awkward trip was that Vande Hei could crowd into Axiom Space’s upcoming private Ax-1 mission on its return from the station. But a space reporter asked NASA whether that was being considered and they said “no.”
NASA has repeatedly claimed operations on board the International Space Station are going fine, despite all the tension back on Earth. That sentiment stands in stark contrast with recent comments made by Dmitry Rogozin, head of Russia’s space corporation Roscomos, who appeared to threaten the US last week with the ISS dropping out of orbit uncontrollably.
It’s a precarious situation, given that the ISS is the product of decades of collaboration between the US and Russia. For now, it looks like Vande Hei will have to board a Soyuz rocket to end his astonishingly long 355 day stint on board the orbital outpost.
In all likelihood, though, he’ll be one of the last NASA astronauts to rely on a Soyuz trip — both because of SpaceX’s increasing prowess and because of breaking-point tensions between the US and Russia.
THE BATTERIES OF THE FUTURE COULD EXPLOIT QUANTUM PHYSICS.
BERNDTHALLER/VICTOR TANGERMANN
Quantum Battery
A team of scientists from the universities of Alberta and Toronto have laid out the blueprints for a “quantum battery” that never loses its charge.
To be clear, this battery doesn’t exist yet — but if they figure out how to build it, it could be a revolutionary breakthrough in energy storage.
“The batteries that we are more familiar with — like the lithium-ion battery that powers your smartphone — rely on classical electrochemical principles, whereas quantum batteries rely solely on quantum mechanics,” University of Alberta chemist Gabriel Hanna said in a statement.
Dark State
A paper describing the research was published in the Journal of Physical Chemistry C. in July. The battery works by harnessing the power of “excitonic energy” — the state in which an electron absorbs sufficiently charged photons of light.
The researchers found that their resulting battery model should be “highly robust to energy losses,” thanks to the fact that their battery is prepared inside a “dark state” where it cannot exchange energy — by absorbing or releasing photons — with its surroundings.
Large Charge
By breaking down this “dark state” quantum network, the researchers claim the battery could be able to discharge and release energy in the process.
But the team has yet to come up with viable ways of doing so. They will also have to figure out a way to scale the technology for real-world applications as well.
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THE UNIVERSE MAY HAVE A FIFTH DIMENSION, ACCORDING TO NEW RESEARCH
THE UNIVERSE MAY HAVE A FIFTH DIMENSION, ACCORDING TO NEW RESEARCH
A FIFTH DIMENSION COULD FINALLY EXPLAIN THE MYSTERIES OF DARK MATTER.
ZOLTAN TASI VIA UNSPLASH / FUTURISM
5D Everything
A team of German and Spanish scientists says they’ve found a “natural explanation” for dark matter and other unresolved scientific mysteries — but their work depends on the existence of a new theoretical subatomic particle and an entire fifth dimension of the universe.
The new particle, a yet-undiscovered type of fermion, would be able to traverse this new dimension and bind dark matter to the luminous matter that makes up everything in the universe we can see or touch, Motherboard reports, in a way that doesn’t contradict any of the other models we have on how dark matter behaves. It’s seems a bit far-fetched — physicists creating new rules for the universe in order to explain their own theory — but if it pans out, it could vastly improve our understanding of the cosmos.
“Unique Window”
The scientists explained to Motherboard that this new particle would likely be similar to and interact with the Higgs Boson, but that it would be too heavy to detect with the current generation of particle accelerators and colliders.
But assuming the particle and the fifth dimension it navigates both exist, it “represents a unique window” into dark matter, according to the team’s paper, published in The European Physical Journal C last month.
“If this heavy particle exists, it would necessarily connect the visible matter that we know and that we have studied in detail with the constituents of the dark matter, assuming that dark matter is composed out of fundamental fermions, which live in the extra dimension,” a member of the team told Motherboard.
Now What
In lieu of a tangible way to prove that this mysterious particle or the fifth dimension exists, the researchers told Motherboard they hope that other scientists keep their model in mind as they continue to study particle physics and cosmology.
“This could also eventually lead to an interesting cosmological history of the universe and might lead to the production of gravitational waves,” the team told Motherboard. “This is an interesting line of research, which we plan to follow in the months ahead.”
Researchers and scientists spoke to The Daily Beast this week to express horror at Musk’s goal of connecting human brains to computers. Ultimately, at the heart of their trepidation is the infusion of Big Tech into the human mind.
“I don’t think there is sufficient public discourse on what the big picture implications of this kind of technology becoming available are,” Dr. Karola Kreitmair, assistant professor of medical history and bioethics at the University of Wisconsin, told the website.
“I worry that there’s this uncomfortable marriage between a company that is for-profit,” she added.
Indeed, the ethics surrounding technology such as the Neuralink is uncharted territory. As such, many are concerned about how these products — ostensibly meant to help those with disabilities — can ultimately be exploited for profit.
“If the ultimate goal is to use the acquired brain data for other devices, or use these devices for other things — say, to drive cars, to drive Teslas — then there might be a much, much bigger market,” Dr. L. Syd Johnson, associate professor at the Center for Bioethics and Humanities at SUNY Upstate Medical University, told the Daily Beast.
“But then all those human research subjects — people with genuine needs — are being exploited and used in risky research for someone else’s commercial gain,” she continued.
Kreitmair echoed the sentiment. While she believes that the technology could be “life-changing” for paralyzed people, she told the Daily Beast that its potential for consumer uses “raises such a slew of ethical concerns.”
Some experts are also worried that Musk is nothing but a carnival barker who’ll say anything and stop at nothing to make a buck — which, well, fair. He’s been known to make lofty promises before only to grossly underdeliver before. Who’s to say Neuralink won’t be the same?
“With these companies and owners of companies, they’re kind of showmen,” Dr. Laura Cabrera, a neuroethics researcher at Penn State, told the Beast. “They’ll make these hyperbolic claims, and I think that’s dangerous, because I think people sometimes believe it blindly.”
She later added, “I’m always cautious about what [Elon Musk] says.”
This is one of the best close ups of a white reflective structure that I have ever found. I have found about ten of such quality...each unique, each white, reflective and if the sunlight hit it, it would be impossible to photograph. The half of the crater wall its touching...is not stone, but metallic grey structures. Different structures have different environments and uses. The white structures are a upper class, higher ranking area. The grey metallic structures are the lower level grunt area of manual labor. Its not the only structure I have found in this photo...its only one of dozens.
I also found that most the structures were blurred out using a special digital program. Lucky for us, back in 2014 that tech was poorly made and now outdated. Had they used todays software programs...I would have found nothing of interest. Times change, how they edit changes, but one thing never changes...NASA is lying to us all!
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
Below is a spaceship that is miles long. It was blurred out 70% but I restored some of it. Its huge and its old.
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Sky Hunting Group Comes Together To Call UFO To Them! California March 5, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Sky Hunting Group Comes Together To Call UFO To Them! California March 5, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: March 5, 2022 Location of sighting: California, USA
I love it when a group of like minded UFO hunters come together! This is just such an event. I California some sky watchers came together in hopes that united they may see something. And they did, but what they didn't know is that this type of UFO...white cloud orb, is telepathic. The orb can read your thoughts, desires, feelings...from a long ways away. If it feels that its been seen...then if the thoughts from those people are kind, it will come closer. The thing they failed to do was to unite in meditation asking the orb to come closer, that they are all brothers and sisters...humans and aliens are the same. We are all united though energy that connects all life throughout the universe. Such positiveness brings them closer. The combined group...had a more powerful telepathic message, making the UFO curious of the humans who were not scared of it.
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
Eyewitness states
They were in the sky with everyone looking up at them when I was arriving to park an all day long we kept seeing left an right. Was a very active day. oh very special, such a good feeling when we see them! Beautiful day always looking, weather nice here in California today also.
Huge UFO Over Florida On Door Cam, March 1, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Huge UFO Over Florida On Door Cam, March 1, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting:March 1, 2022
Location of sighting: The Villages, Sumter County, Florida, USA
This is one huge UFO! I mean its just amazing at how huge it really is. However this Ringcam caught its full size and compared to the normal size tree below it...its a big UFO.
Now at first I thought no...hole in the clouds...but then I remembered the 80 page MUFON report about the O'Hare Airport UFO. Many witnesses and employees of the airport saw this disk over the area...and caused air traffic to be alerted and stopped. The UFO left shooting up at an angle through the clouds at incredible speed...leaving a hole cut through the cloud that remained in the cloud ceiling for 15 minutes. So...the lesson from O'Hare is that UFOs make holes in clouds.
Guys Ringcam Catches Bigfoot Outside His House! Feb 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News
Guys Ringcam Catches Bigfoot Outside His House! Feb 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News
Date of sighting: Feb 12, 2022, 4:30AM
Location of sighting: Sumter, Florida, USA
A persons Ringcam caught something odd in the early hours of the morning, at 4:30AM. The eyewitness claims he caught the legendary Bigfoot also known as Sasquatch. The Florida areas do have a lot of strange creatures in its swamps and Bigfoot sightings have occurred there a few times. I have long believed that Bigfoot was just an alien species that landed its UFO on Earth to walk through our beautiful forests and mountains. I really think this is the famous Bigfoot. And it seems to frequent this area, since the eyewitness has posted about 7 short Ringcam videos of this creature. This is undeniable proof that not only does Bigfoot exist...but he exists in Florida!
Some Kind of Lightning Shooting from the Sky': Ukrainians Tell Stories of Divine Intervention
Some Kind of Lightning Shooting from the Sky': Ukrainians Tell Stories of Divine Intervention
Are Ukrainians receiving some heavenly help in the fight against their Russian invaders?
Stories of divine intervention are being told, including a pillar of fire at night and confused Russian troops.
In this week’s episode of CBN News The Global Lane, CBN Ukraine Director Kostyantine Lytvynenko explains that although his fellow countrymen are showing incredible strength and resiliency in the war with Russia, they’re also experiencing some divine intervention.
Lytvynenko said one man shared with him a story of his son who’s serving in the Ukrainian army. He said the man told him on one dark night, the soldiers were holding their positions and discovered there were a lot of Russian Federation tanks and other mobile units coming directly at them. It appeared the soldiers would have trouble defending themselves.
The son picked up his phone and called his father.
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Ex-CIA Officer’s Alien-UFO Encounter: Says ‘There’s A Whole Other Reality That Surrounds Us’
“He said, ‘Dad, you have to pray right now. We’re in a situation,’” Lytvynenko said.
So the father called other members of their church and asked them to start praying. Later, the son called his father back.
“He said, ‘There’s some miracle that happened. It looked like an attack (on the Russians) from a spaceship. There was some kind of lightning shooting from the sky,’” Lytvynenko told CBN News. “And sparks were spreading everywhere.”
In the morning, they (the Ukrainian troops) discovered the Russian tanks and other mobile units had been destroyed.
“All of those soldiers thought maybe it was done by some kind of a weapon we didn’t know about,” Lytvynenko said. “It was just God’s intervention.”
Lytvynenko also relayed another incident he heard from a friend.
He said the friend told him, “‘We were praying that they (the Russians) would start resisting each other. That the enemy would resist the enemy.’”
Lytvynenko explained that there were several incidents like this in the Bible.
“Another part of the Russian army, they occupied one little town. And they removed flags from the town’s government buildings and they attached those flags to their tanks,” he said. “And they started to drive. Eventually, in the evening they met the first group of the (Russian) tanks.”
Lytvynenko said both groups of tanks were confused and thought they were looking at the enemy.
“They started shooting into each other,” he said.
CBN News asked Lytvynenko how should people pray for his family, other CBN workers there, and the people of Ukraine.
“Please pray that we could hear God in this time,” he said. “The most deficit thing in our country now is the peace in our hearts. That our God, who is the Prince of Peace would grant the peace in our hearts. And in that, this condition of peace, we could see the ways how we can build the kingdom in the times of war. That we could be the light, and the warmth and the love, and the hand of God to other people who are in need.”
“Pray that we would be active members of the body of Christ at this time,” Lytvynenko added. “That we would not just sit and be afraid and fear for our lives. That we would be productive in building the kingdom.”
HACKERS CLAIM THEY’VE SEIZED CONTROL OF RUSSIAN SPY SATELLITES
HACKERS CLAIM THEY’VE SEIZED CONTROL OF RUSSIAN SPY SATELLITES
ANONYMOUS IS CLAIMING THAT RUSSIA HAS "NO MORE CONTROL OVER THEIR OWN SPY SATELLITES."
GETTY IMAGES/FUTURISM
Satellite Location
Dmitry Rogozin, Russia’s outspoken head of its space agency, denied recent reports that hackers had already seized control of the nation’s satellites.
A group affiliated with the hacker group Anonymous tweeted on Tuesday that it had “shut down the control center” of Roscomos, which meant the country had “no more control over their own spy satellites.”
According to Rogozin, though, that’s total nonsense.
“The information of these scammers and petty swindlers is not true,” he said, as quoted by Russian news service Interfax. “All our space activity control centers are operating normally.”
Proxy War
But as he is wont to do, Rogozin took the opportunity to threaten Russia’s adversaries.
“Offlining the satellites of any country is actually a casus belli, a cause for war,” he added, according to Reuters.
The alleged hack comes as chaos grips Ukraine, with Russian forces are leaving cities in ruins using powerful explosives.
That kind of aggression isn’t sitting well with the international space community. Both NASA and the European Space Agency have actively distanced themselves from Russia’s space efforts, and Rogozin in particular has a way of painting a target on his own back.
Adding to the drama, Rogozin waded into the controversy around satellite company OneWeb, which is still planning to launch 36 of its satellites, part of a greater effort to build out a satellite-based internet network, from the Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, which is run by Roscosmos.
But Rogozin says he wants a guarantee that the satellites won’t be used against Russia, and says he’s ready to pull the plug on the mission if OneWeb fails to provide that guarantee.
Are we alone in the Universe? Billions of dollars are being spent trying to answer that simple question. The implications of finding evidence for life beyond Earth are staggering. The “before and after” mark would punctuate human history.
Mars is currently the most popular exploration target to search for evidence of life elsewhere. Yet little is known about its early history. Our research on a Martian meteorite provides new clues about early surface conditions on the red planet.
Windows into the past
Today Mars is cold and inhospitable. But it may have been more Earth-like and habitable in a bygone era. Landforms on Mars record the action of liquid surface water, perhaps as early as 3.9 billion years ago.
Like Earth, early Mars was subject to a global bombardment from chunks of rock and ice floating around the Solar System. Giant impacts both destroy and create favourable environments for life. So to untangle when conditions suitable for life may have arisen on Mars, we have to track the history of both water and impacts.
A flotilla of rovers and orbiting spacecraft have been dispatched to Mars, with two NASA rovers specifically exploring impact craters for evidence of past life. Samples collected by rovers will be returned in future missions.
For now, meteorites are the only samples of Mars available to study here on Earth. Martian meteorites are born when an impact on Mars ejects rocky fragments that later intercept Earth’s orbit. Most Martian meteorites are igneous rocks, such as basalt. One meteorite, NWA 7034, is different, as it represents a rare sample of the surface of Mars.
Designated Northwest Africa (NWA) 7034, and nicknamed “Black Beauty,” the Martian meteorite weighs approximately 11 ounces (320 grams). (Credit: NASA)
Meteorite NWA 7034 has been dubbed 'Black Beauty'.
Credit: Carl Agee
Sending shock waves
The NWA 7034 meteorite, weighing about 320g, was found in the desert of northwest Africa and first reported in 2013. Unique oxygen isotope signatures reveal its origin from Mars. Other meteorites blasted off of Mars during the same event have since been found.
NWA 7034 is a complicated rock made of broken rock and mineral shards called “breccia”. Its various fragments record different snippets of Martian history.
In this element map of the martian meteorite NWA 7034 different colours correspond to different rock and mineral fragments. (Author provided)
Tiny grains of the mineral zircon occur in NWA 7034. Zircon is a “geochronometer”, meaning it records (and reveals to us) how much time has passed since it crystallised from magma. Prior studies of NWA 7034 found it contains the oldest known zircons from Mars – some up to 4.48 billion years old.
Zircon is quite useful for studying meteorite impacts. It preserves microscopic damage caused by the passage of shock waves, and these “shocked grains” provide a solid record of impact. However, no zircons with definitive shock damage had been identified in previous studies of NWA 7034.
NWA 7034 is similar to a type of sedimentary rock on Earth called conglomerate. In such rocks, every mineral can have a different origin. With that in mind, we set out to survey additional zircon grains in NWA 7034 to see if we could find any that recorded evidence of impact.
We looked at more than 60 zircons, but found only one shocked grain. This means the impact occurred before the grain was mixed into the pile of fragments that became a rock.
Reassessing Mars’s timelines
The type of shock features we found are called “deformation twins”. High pressure shock waves squeeze zircon like an accordion. This process can reorganise atoms within the crystal, to form a duplicated “twin” of zircon, which we can detect.
Scanning electron image of a shocked zircon in the matrix of martian meteorite NWA 7034. (Author provided)
We determined the zircon crystallised 4.45 billion years ago, making it one of the oldest zircons known from Mars – even older than the oldest known piece of Earth (also a zircon).
We don’t know what kind of rock the shocked zircon originally formed in. The original igneous host rock was ripped apart during impacts on Mars. The zircon is a broken fragment from a larger grain mixed in with the matrix of the meteorite.
We do, however, know where shocked zircons like this are made. On Earth, shocked zircons with deformation twins are only found at impact craters. Moreover, they occur at all of Earth’s largest asteroid strikes.
Zircons with shock features have been found at Vredefort in South Africa, Sudbury in Canada and Chicxulub in Mexico. The Mexican crater formed about 65 million years ago, and has been linked to the extinction of the dinosaurs. In this case, shocked zircons were one product of an impact large enough to cause a mass extinction.
Prior studies cited an absence of shock features in zircon from NWA 7034 to indicate a decline in catastrophic impacts on Mars by 4.48 billion years. It was further proposed that habitable conditions existed as of 4.2 billion years ago.
However, the shocked zircon we found crystallised 4.45 billion years ago. The shock event would have had to have occurred at least 30 million years after Mars had supposedly stopped being bombarded.
When exactly was the impact?
Although determining the precise age of impact is difficult, geochemical studies of NWA 7034 reveal its main components were subject to meteorite impacts before roughly 4.3 billion years ago. In this scenario, the zircon may have been shocked during this time, somewhere between 4.3 and 4.45 billion years ago.
Alternatively, it may have formed more recently, but before a decline in the rate of impacts earlier than 3 billion years ago. Both land forms and water-bearing minerals argue for early surface water on Mars, possibly by 3.9 to 3.7 billion years ago. This may be the best indicator for when habitable conditions existed.
Our findings raise new questions about the early impact history of Mars. Determining the origin of the shocked zircon, and time of impact, will provide better context for interpreting the planet’s history as archived in meteorite NWA 7034 – and potentially a timeframe for when conditions for life may have emerged.
Off a stretch of empty West Texas highway some 400 miles from Austin, crowds gather every night to experience the inexplicable. Come nightfall in Marfa, bright orbs of white, yellow, pink, blue, and red dance just above the horizon of the Chinati Mountains: twinkling, darting, hesitating, and disappearing back into the darkness of the Chihuahuan Desert.
Some claim they’re UFOs. Others believe they’re Mexican ghosts. Everyone just calls them the “Marfa Lights.” But what are they really, and why have people been wondering about them for more than a century?
The first historical account of the Marfa Lights dates back to 1883. A cowhand named Robert Reed Ellison thought he was seeing the light of an Apache campfire in the distance. But upon investigation the next morning, there were no traces of humans. And ever since that fateful day, locals have been passing down eyewitness accounts of these glittering desert orbs.
The once-dying town of Marfa eventually embraced its local mystery, throwing the first Marfa Lights Festival in 1986, and erecting a Marfa Lights viewing platform in 2003. Now, thousands flock to this spot in El Despoblado to catch a glimpse of the strange phenomenon.
Dig deep enough into Marfa’s mythology and you’ll find everything from legitimate academic studies to homespun websites in Comic Sans devoted to debunking the lights. In 2004 and 2008, teams from UT–Dallas and Texas State, respectively, studied the perceived phenomenon. Both concluded that the Marfa Lights could be explained by headlights off Highway 67, or small fires.
“When car headlights are seen through 15 miles or so of West Texas air that is unevenly heated by the ground, the light rays are bent and scattered slightly so that the headlights are fuzzy and wavering, even when viewed through a telescope,” explains Karl David Stephan, a professor in the Ingram School of Engineering at Texas State University. “It’s the same reason that stars twinkle.”
This bending and scattering also affects the lights’ perceived size, another tally in the column for “everything’s bigger in Texas.”
But, Stephan cryptically adds, “the ‘real’ Marfa lights are not headlights.”
Most locals you ask about the lights will give the same caveat: The “usual” Marfa lights are indeed car headlights—but somewhere around two dozen nights a year, the “real” Marfa lights show up. Tourists will spend hours watching headlights, and not just because they came on the wrong night: The official viewing platform seems to suggest looking straight at the highway. The “real” lights usually appear further east, dancing above the cacti on the desolate Mitchell Flats, away from the roadway.
But if not headlights—which weren’t exactly common when this all started in 1883—then what? Multiple theories abound, with some insisting the Marfa Lights are essentially ball lightning, stirred up by underground electrical energy. Others say swamp gas, aliens, or the ghosts of conquistadors.
The viewing platform nine miles east of Marfa on US–90 is the go-to stop. Arrive there before the sun sets to get your bearings, note the faraway line of the Chinati Mountains, locate the radio tower, and study the highway.
You won’t be alone. Despite Marfa’s remote location, the funky, artistic town of 1,700 attracts an outsized number of visitors (and has a surprisingly good food scene). Alternatively, head out to the Shurley Ranch, 22 miles south of Marfa, where Mike Shurley invites travelers to gaze from his open land, where a hard-to-miss sign reads “Starlight Gazing — Parking.”
Back in the one-traffic-light town, stay at the Hotel Paisano, where James Dean obsessed over the lights while filming Giant here in 1955. Dean, it’s worth noting, tragically died shortly after leaving Marfa. Maybe he knew too much?
MIT STARTUP DRILLING 12 MILES INTO THE EARTH TO SUCK OUT ENERGY
MIT STARTUP DRILLING 12 MILES INTO THE EARTH TO SUCK OUT ENERGY
OKAY, THAT'S KINDA AWESOME.
GETTY IMAGES/FUTURISM
Fusion Drilling
An MIT spinoff has locked down significant funding for a literally groundbreaking project: using fusion power tech to drill 12 miles into the Earth and harvest the immense energy down there.
The startup is called Quaise, and it picked up $40 million in series A funding last month, according to a press release. It says the money is going toward its efforts to leverage fusion technology to drill one of the deepest holes of all time. If it proves viable, it could give humans access to nearly limitless and clean geothermal energy.
That’s right. Fusion drilling.
“We need a massive amount of carbon-free energy in the coming decades,” Mark Cupta, managing director at Prelude Ventures and one of the investors in the company, said in the release.
“Quaise Energy offers one of the most resource-efficient and nearly infinitely scalable solutions to power our planet,” he added. “It is the perfect complement to our current renewable solutions, allowing us to reach baseload sustainable power in a not so distant future.”
Potential Gamechanger
Aside from being just kinda awesome in a sci-fi-sounding way, using fusion tech to dig these ultra-deep holes could offer a number of notable benefits. For one, traditional drill bits are limited with how far they can go before the hot temperatures, gasses, and liquids prevent them from going further.
However, Quaise would use a machine called a gyrotron, which is typically used to create millimeter electromagnetic waves to superheat plasma in fusion reactors. Instead of plasma, though, the startup would point at the ground — and drill into it using energy beams.
The tech has the potential to take drilling to a depth we’ve never seen before. In theory, this could also allow people to access geothermal power from the Earth no matter where they are in the world.
Of course, this tech still has a long way to go. Quaise is slated to launch its first full-scale demonstration machines in 2024, with its first commercial operation by 2026. Plus, there’s a good chance that hiccups like running out of funding or pesky supply chain issues could prevent this from ever actually launching.
Still, the idea of a fusion drill tapping into the Earth for bountiful, clean energy is pretty dope.
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As Tensions Soar With Russia, NASA Buys a Ton of SpaceX Astronaut Launches
As Tensions Soar With Russia, NASA Buys a Ton of SpaceX Astronaut Launches
If there's a winner in this conflict, it's SpaceX.
Image by NASA
NASA has awarded SpaceX contracts for three more Crew Dragon trips to the International Space Station, which brings the total number of crewed missions to the outpost for the company from six to nine, including the three successful operational trips from the last two years.
The newly signed contract is an extension of the agency’s Crew Transportation Capability (CCtCap) contract, and will allow “NASA to maintain an uninterrupted US capability for human access to the space station,” according to an announcement.
The timing of the announcement is noteworthy, as well. While NASA makes no mention of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine — and the subsequent breakdown of international space relations — the news does seem to demonstrate that the space agency is serious about relying on American-made rockets for the foreseeable future.
Ever since retiring the Space Shuttle in 2011, NASA has had to rely on Russian-made Soyuz spacecraft to shuttle astronauts to and from the space station.
After retiring the Space Shuttle in 2011, NASA had to rely on Russian-made Soyuz spacecraft to shuttle astronauts to and from the space station.
But starting in 2020, SpaceX’s Crew Dragon spacecraft has allowed NASA to launch its astronauts to the station from US soil, greatly reducing its reliance on Russia.
So far, SpaceX has successfully flown astronauts to the ISS during three operational missions and one crewed test flight. The new contract means SpaceX will fly astronauts at least six more times.
Given Russia’s invasion and the international community distancing itself as a result, it’s worth noting that SpaceX has given NASA a much better bargaining position in the face of the conflict.
“It’s critical we begin to secure additional flights to the space station now so we are ready as these missions are needed to maintain a US presence on station,” Kathy Lueders, head of NASA’s space operations mission directorate, wrote in a December notice of intent to modify the contract.
Lueders also pointed out at the time that SpaceX is the only company in the US actually certified to fly astronauts to the space station.
NASA has signaled it is willing to invest billions of dollars in SpaceX to keep operations going on board the aging orbital outpost. As TechCrunch points out, the CCtCap contract is now worth $3.49 billion — a considerable sum, even to SpaceX.
With Soyuz spacecraft increasingly out of the question, NASA’s efforts to establish a commercial crew program appear to be paying off, and just in the nick of time.
Astronomers Scan 800 Pulsars to See If Any of Them Have Planets
Astronomers Scan 800 Pulsars to See If Any of Them Have Planets
Astronomers discovered the first exoplanets in 1992. They found a pair of them orbiting the pulsar PSR B1257+12 about 2300 light-years from the Sun. Two years later they discovered the third planet in the system.
Now a team of astronomers are trying to duplicate that feat by searching 800 known pulsars for exoplanets.
The team of astronomers is from the Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics at the University of Manchester. Jodrell Bank has a group that works on Pulsars and time-domain astrophysics. Pulsars are objects of interest for a number of different reasons, and Jodrell Bank monitors 800 pulsars as part of their work.
Jocelyn Bell Burnell, an astrophysicist from Northern Ireland, discovered the first pulsar in 1967. It took a while for her and another astrophysicist to figure out what they were. There was the usual speculation about alien sources, but once other pulsars were discovered and studied, it became clear they were naturally-occurring objects.
Pulsars are rapidly rotating neutron stars that are highly magnetized and emit beams of electromagnetic radiation from their poles. When one of the poles is pointed at Earth, we can see it, kind of like a lighthouse. Pulsars are known to emit in radio, visible light, x-rays, and even gamma rays. As a pulsar rotates the beam is visible then invisible in intervals as small as several milliseconds. The intervals are very precise—more accurate than an atomic clock—and that makes pulsars useful tools for astronomers.
Their precise intervals make them ideal for searching for planets around them. Even a slight variation in their timing means the pulsar is moving back and forth. That means one or more planets could be tugging on it. Looking for exoplanets around pulsars is called the pulsar timing method.
The transit method is the more common method of looking for exoplanets. That involves watching the light from a star and looking for regular dips in its light. A dip in the starlight could signal the presence of a planet transiting in front of the star, and if the dip is repeated regularly, it’s evidence of an orbit. Scientists find most exoplanets with this method, although follow-up measurements with other methods are often used to help confirm a planet’s presence.
One problem with the transit method is its inherent selection bias. It’s much easier to detect large planets because they block more starlight. It’s also easier to find planets orbiting close to their stars because they orbit more quickly and cause dips in starlight more frequently.
This illustration shows a pulsar with its magnetic field lines shown in blue. The beams emitting from the poles are what washes over our detectors as the dead star spins. Image Credit: NASA
But pulsar timing is different. Because pulsar timing is so precise, even small planets can tug on pulsars enough to signal their presence. The planets detected around PSR B1257+12 in the early 1990s were smaller than most exoplanets found with the transit method. The smallest of the three was only 0.002 Earth masses. As of 2019, the smallest exoplanet ever found with the transit method was 80% of Earth’s size.
This new effort to find exoplanets around 800 pulsars is different than other planet-hunting efforts. This effort isn’t a new survey or monitoring program. Instead, it’s based on searching the existing data on pulsars at the Jodrell Bank Centre. “The dataset used in this work is composed of observations of approximately 800 pulsars from the Jodrell Bank pulsar timing database,” the authors explain.
But what is the likelihood of finding more exoplanets around pulsars? Pulsars are extreme objects with long histories punctuated by episodic catastrophes. “The apparent rarity of systems like that of PSR B1257+12 may well be a consequence of the extreme conditions in which pulsars form,” the authors write.
Pulsars are neutron stars, and neutron stars have calamitous origins. They start out as massive stars between about 10 to 25 solar masses. At the end of their lives of regular fusion, these stars explode as supernovae and then collapse into ultra-dense neutron stars made of neutron degenerate matter. It’s highly unlikely that any planet could survive all of that.
Artist’s impression of a supernova. Credit: NASA
Could planets form after the supernova? Maybe. The authors explain one feasible scenario where a planet forms around a binary pair of stars and then is captured by the neutron star after a collision between the two stars. The planet could’ve also “… survived the subsequent evolution of the initial system towards a neutron star system.”
“The resulting system would consist of a normal pulsar with planetary companions in eccentric orbits,” they write, although these types of planets would be very rare. It would require a very fine-tuned environment for planets to survive.
A second scenario might be more likely. In this case, the supernova expels an enormous amount of material when it explodes, blasting it out into space at high velocity. But some of the matter might not escape the remaining neutron star’s gravity. Instead, it forms a protoplanetary disk and planets form via accretion. In this case, “… a normal pulsar, surrounded by relatively small mass planets in circular orbits, is expected,” the authors say.
A third scenario is possible, too. In this case, a planet is actually a remnant of a neutron star in a binary pair of neutron stars. One of the neutron stars disrupts the other or causes the other to partially evaporate. The remnant core is now a planet, made almost entirely of diamonds.
Those are just three of the planet-forming possibilities around pulsars. One of the motivations behind finding more pulsar planets is to narrow down these possibilities into a better-understood framework. “Overall, there are a large number of proposed formation paths of planets around pulsars, and therefore large-scale searches of planetary-mass companions and their orbital parameters are crucial to constraining and determining the feasibility of various models,” the authors explain.
Despite the precision of pulsar timing, there are still some problems. A type of noise can creep into the measurements. “… the detectability of planets around pulsars is also limited by the presence of so-called “timing noise” that manifests as a long-term red noise process in the rotation of the pulsar. This presents a further challenge in searching for planetary companions, as it can not only mask binary signatures but also mimic them,” the authors write.
Before the team could get their results they had to model the effect a planet has on a pulsar. A pulsar/planet combination is best modelled as a binary pair. “When a pulsar is part of a binary system (either with a star or a planet), it revolves around the centre of mass of the system, moving with respect to the observer on Earth,” they explain. That movement creates a slight delay in the signal reaching Earth. That delay is called a Rømer delay.
This is an illustration of the binary pulsar J0737-3039. Most binary pulsars are pulsars paired with a planet or a neutron star, but J0737-3039 is a pair of pulsars. Image Credit: By Michael Kramer (Jodrell Bank Observatory, University of Manchester), Attribution, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=827204
The team of researchers used these factors and many others to develop their analytic method. There are necessary limits in work like this, and the most important one involves exoplanet masses. “We put limits on the projected masses of any planetary companions, which reach as low as 1/100th of the mass of the Moon (about 10-4 Earth masses).” Even though that’s a limit, it’s an extraordinarily small planet to be able to detect.
The researchers summarized their overall approach by saying that “This approach is well-suited for a systematic search of planets around pulsars, for placing limits on the mass of any orbiting celestial bodies, and therefore for inferring statistically significant properties of the population of these planets.”
So what did they find?
“We find that two-thirds of our pulsars are highly unlikely to host any companions above 2 ~ 8 Earth masses,” the team says. “Our results imply that fewer than 0.5% of pulsars could host terrestrial planets as large as those known to orbit PSR B1257+12 (about 4 Earth masses).” PSR B1257+12 is the first pulsar around which planets were found in 1992. It serves as a sort of benchmark for pulsar planet systems.
There’s at least one caveat to these results though, and it pertains to low-mass planets. “… however, the smaller planet in this system (about 0.02 Earth masses) would be undetectable in 95% of our sample, hidden by both instrumental and intrinsic noise processes…” The team also points out that it’s not clear if tiny planets like that could exist in isolation.
15 of the pulsars in the sample did display some irregularities, but they weren’t necessarily planets. The team explains that the severe magnetosphere around pulsars can cause irregular periodicities. “We detect significant periodicities in 15 pulsars, however, we find that intrinsic quasi-periodic magnetospheric effects can mimic the influence of a planet, and for the majority of these cases, we believe this to be the origin of the detected periodicity.”
In their final analysis, it appears that pulsar planets are very rare. Only a single pulsar in the 800 is a likely candidate to host planets. “We believe the most plausible candidate for planetary companions in our sample is PSR J2007+3120.”
PSR J2007+3120 might host a pair of planets. “Our initial analysis of PSR J2007+3120 revealed an oscillation consistent with a planetary companion of orbital period 723(8) days,” the authors write. The evidence for the second planet isn’t as strong and could be just noise. “… there is not a strong preference between a red noise component and the second planet,” they explain.
In the end, the team didn’t find many planets. Only one of the 800 pulsars shows strong evidence of planets, and the evidence for the second planet around PSR J2007+3120 isn’t very robust. What does this tell us about pulsars and planets? For one thing, it shows how unusual the PSR B1257+12 system is, with three planets.
“We therefore confirm the hypothesis that the formation of planets around pulsars is rare, and PSR B1257+12 is a special case.”
From “A search for planetary companions around 800 pulsars from the Jodrell Bank pulsar timing programme” by Nitu et al. 2022.
“We confirm that PSR B1257+12 must have an unusual formation mechanism, placing an upper bound of 0.5% of pulsars exhibiting similar planets.” The team also says they can rule out a population of more massive pulsar planets. “We rule out a population of undetected planetary companions greater than about 10 Earth masses,” they write in the conclusion.
Artist’s impression of the planets orbiting PSR B1257+12. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/R. Hurt (SSC)
But they aren’t able to rule out a population of much smaller planets. Some of those planets could be hidden in the noise. “The timing noise present in most pulsars means that we cannot rule out a substantial population of tiny (
“We, therefore, confirm the hypothesis that the formation of planets around pulsars is rare, and PSR B1257+12 is a special case,” they conclude. For now, it remains the only pulsar to host Earth-size planets.
As technology improves astronomers might have more effective ways of finding smaller planets around pulsars, and of removing the noise in the signal. This effort won’t be the final word on pulsar planets
As for habitability, that’s extremely unlikely. The region around pulsars is extremely harsh. Powerful magnetic fields could wreak havoc on any planets in the vicinity. And pulsars are neutron stars so there’s no fusion taking place. They’re little more than cinders, though they can still be extremely hot. Some of the planets that are around pulsars are no more than the blasted remnants of a pulsar’s stellar companion and may be made of pure diamond. Others are captured objects.
But this study was never about habitability. It’s meant to probe some of the most unusual objects in the Universe. Could these extremely dense end-state stars made of degenerate neutron matter, stars that spin rapidly and generate extreme magnetic fields, host planets?
I found some interesting alien artifacts in a Mars photo today. The most interesting of them all was a satellite dish that was sitting on top of a hill. It was a huge curved dish with a large pyramid on its center focused on the sky. It makes sense, any intelligent culture will develop communication skills, and through time, they will evolve such technology.
I also found some other alien artifacts. A bizarre eye statue, similar to the ancient Egyptian eye of Horus sits near the Mar rover. There were other things too, but maybe you should watch the video to see them all. Kind of amazing and wonderful. So many artifacts in one photo clearly points to the fact that intelligent life on Mars evolved to a technology state equal or higher than our own.
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Ten Legendary Lost Cities that Have Emerged from the Past
Ten Legendary Lost Cities that Have Emerged from the Past
The story of Atlantis is one of the most renowned and enduring tales of a lost city, said to have been swallowed up by the sea and lost forever. Yet, the story of Atlantis is not unique, as other cultures have similar legends of landmasses and cities that have disappeared under the waves, been lost beneath desert sands, or buried beneath centuries of vegetation. Most of these legendary cities have never been found. However, there are now numerous cases of ancient cities, once seen as little more than myths and legends, that have now emerged from the past, raising the question as to how many more lost cities remain buried and waiting to be uncovered.
1. Iram of the Pillars, the Lost ‘Atlantis of the Sands’
Atlantis of the Sands is a lost city, tribe, or area spoken of in the Quran, which has come to be known as Iram of the Pillars. In the Quran, Iram was said to be adorned with lofty buildings, and was populated by a group of people known as Ad. As they had turned away from Allah, the prophet Hud was sent to summon them to return to the worship of Allah and to obey Him. The people of Iram reacted with hostility and did not heed the words of Hud. As a result, legend says that the Ad were punished, and a sandstorm was sent against their city for seven nights and days. In the end, Iram vanished beneath the sands as though it had never existed.
In the early 1990s, a team, led by Nicholas Clapp, an amateur archaeologist and filmmaker, announced that they had found the ancient city of Ubar, which was identified as Iram of the Pillars. This was achieved using NASA’s remote sensing satellites, ground penetrating radar, Landsat programme data, and images taken by the Space Shuttle Challenger. These resources allowed the team to identify old camel trade routes and the points at which they converged. One of these converging points was a well-known water hole at Shisr, in Dhofar province, Oman. When an excavation was carried out at the site, a large, octagonal fort with high walls and tall towers was uncovered. The team announced they had found the legendary Iram of the Pillars. While doubt still remains as to whether Ubar and Iram really are one and the same, it has been suggested that at the very least, the story of Iram was inspired by the city of Ubar, and over time became altered to incorporate a message to obey the will of Allah.
The legendary ancient city of Helike was situated in Achaea, on the northwestern part of the Peloponnesian peninsula. During its heyday, it was the leader of the first Achaean League, a confederation that consisted of 12 cities in the surrounding area. Due to this position, Helike was an important economic, cultural and religious centre. The patron god of Helike was Poseidon, the Greek god of the sea and earthquakes. This is unsurprising, given Helike’s position in one of the most active earthquake zones in Europe.
One night during the winter of 373 B.C., the city of Helike was obliterated. Some signs of the city’s impending doom were recorded, including the appearance of ‘immense columns of flames’ and the mass migration of small animals from the coast to the mountains several days prior to the disaster. A major earthquake, followed by a large tsunami from the Gulf of Corinth, wiped the city of Helike from the face of the earth. The rescue party that came in the following morning found no survivors. Over time, the location of Helike was lost.
In the early 19 th century, speculations about the actual site of Helike began to spread. However, it was not until 2001 that the ancient city was finally unearthed in Achaea, Greece. In 2012, the destruction layer was uncovered, which confirmed that the site is indeed Helike.
3. Ancient Egyptian City of Heracleion - on the border between myth and reality
The city of Heracleion, home of the temple where Cleopatra was inaugurated, plunged into the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Egypt nearly 1,200 years ago. It was one of the most important trade centres in the Mediterranean before it sank more than a millennium ago. For centuries, the city was believed to be a myth, much like the city of Atlantis is viewed today. But in 2001, an underwater archaeologist searching for French warships stumbled across the sunken city.
After removing layers of sand and mud, divers uncovered the extraordinarily well preserved city with many of its treasures still intact including, the main temple of Amun-Gerb, giant statues of pharaohs, hundreds of smaller statues of gods and goddesses, a sphinx, 64 ancient ships, 700 anchors, stone blocks with both Greek and Ancient Egyptian inscriptions, dozens of sarcophagi, gold coins and weights made from bronze and stone. It was one of the most significant underwater discoveries in over a decade.
4. The Rediscovery of Urkesh: Forgotten City of the Hurrians
Ancient Urkesh was once a major hub of the ancient Near Eastern Hurrian civilization, known in mythology as the home of a primordial god. It flourished between 4000 and 1300 BC as a major political and religious center, and an important stop on both the north-south trade route between Anatolia and the cities of Syria and Mesopotamia, and the east-west route that linked the Mediterranean with the Zagros Mountains of western Iran. It was also the capital of a kingdom that controlled the highlands immediately to the north where the supplies of copper were located, which made the city wealthy and rich.
Little was known about Urkesh and the mysterious Hurrian civilization, as the ancient city had remained buried beneath desert sands for thousands of years, lost to the pages of history. However, in the 1980s, archaeologists discovered Tell Mozan, a towering mound that hid the remains of an ancient palace, temple, and plaza. A decade later, and researchers made the exciting realization that Tell Mozan was the lost city of Urkesh.
The excavations revealed most of what is known today about the early culture of the Hurrian people. The uncovered remains of this fabled ancient city revealed an open plaza, a monumental flight of stairs and a deep underground shaft – the 'Passage to the Netherworld’ which was related to religious rituals. A large royal palace yielded written evidence that was able to identify the ancient city.
5. Cantre'r Gwaelod – The Mythical Sunken Kingdom of Wales
During the sixth century, a legendary kingdom known as Cantre’r Gwaelod (meaning ‘The Lowland Hundred’) was said to have been ruled over by a king by the name of Gwyddno Garanhir. Up to around the 17th century, Cantre’r Gwaelod was known as Maes Gwyddno (meaning ‘Gwyddno’s Land’), so named after this Welsh ruler. An earlier version of the legend associated with Maes Gwyddno asserts that the land was submerged under water when Mererid, a priestess of a fairy well, allowed the water to overflow, sinking the kingdom forever.
Several decades ago, the emergence of prehistoric forests during stormy weather in Cardigan Bay, in the west of Wales, led to the suggestion that it may be the location of the legendary Cantre’r Gwaelod. Indeed, investigations revealed a wattle walkway with associated posts, fossilized human and animal footprints, as well as some human tools. The location of the ancient kingdom is now believed to lie between Ramsey Island and Bardsey Island in Cardigan Bay, and to extend about 32 kilometers west of the current shoreline into the bay.
6. Archaeologists find untouched ruins in their search for the Lost City of the Monkey God
Two years ago, an aerial search of the dense jungle of Honduras fuelled by local legends of a lost ancient city, revealed miles of seemingly man-made features. Announcements quickly spread that archaeologists had found La Ciudad Blanca (“The White City”), otherwise known as the Lost City of the Monkey God. But all they had to go on were vague scans of the jungle below. However, earlier this year, a ground expedition concluded its investigation and dramatically revealed that the aerial images did indeed show traces of a lost civilization. Archaeologists have now discovered extensive plazas, earthworks, mounds, an earthen pyramid, and dozens of finely carved artifacts belonging to a mysterious culture that is virtually unknown.
La Ciudad Blanca is a legendary city that was said to be located in the virgin rainforest of Mosquitia in eastern Honduras. Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés reported hearing "trustworthy" information about the ancient ruins, but never located them. In 1927, pilot Charles Lindbergh reported seeing monuments constructed from white stone while flying over eastern Honduras. By the 1930s, there were rumors of a place in Honduras called the "City of the Monkey God", which was equated with Ciudad Blanca, and in 1939 adventurer Theodore Morde claimed to have found it and brought thousands of artifacts back to the United States to prove it. According to Morde, the indigenous people said a giant statue of a monkey god was buried there. He never revealed the precise location of his find as he feared the site would be looted and died before returning to the site for a proper excavation.
In 1952, explorer Tibor Sekelj searched for The White City on an expedition financed by the Ministry of Culture of Honduras, but returned empty handed. Investigations picked up pace in the 1990s following reports of the legend in popular media and in 2012 the first significant discovery was made. Investigations have now revealed an extensive complex that had lain untouched since the city was abandoned centuries, perhaps even millennia, ago.
7. The Discovery of the Long-Lost Temple of the City of Musasir
The temple of the ancient city of Musasir was an important Araratian temple dedicated to Haldi, the supreme god of the kingdom of Urartu, an Iron Age kingdom centered on Lake Van in the Armenian Highlands, which extended out across what is now Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Armenia. The temple was built in the holy city of Ararat in 825 BC, but after Musasir fell to the Assyrians in the 8th century BC, the ancient temple became lost to the pages of history.
The temple of Musasir dates back to a time when the Urartians, Assyrians, and Scythians were all at odds, trying to gain control over the area that is now known as northern Iraq. Ancient inscriptions referred to Musasir as a "holy city founded in bedrock" and "the city of the raven", while the name Musasir itself means “exit of the serpent”. A depiction of the temple appears in an Assyrian bas-relief which adorned the palace of King Sargon II at Khorsapat, to commemorate his victory over "the seven kings of Ararat" in 714 BC.
Over the years, numerous studies and excavations were launched to try to locate the ancient temple of Musasir. All of them were unsuccessful until an expedition in July, 2014, when an exciting announcement was made – the long-lost temple of Musasir had finally been found. Located in the Kurdistan region of northern Iraq, the findings included life-sized human sculptures and column bases from a temple dedicated to the god Haldi, all dating back to the period in which the temple of Musasir was built.
8. High-Tech Equipment Leads to Discovery of Lost City in Cambodian Jungle
In 2014, Australian archaeologists using cutting edge remote-sensing technology made a remarkable discovery in Cambodia – a 1,200-year-old lost city that predates the Angkor Wat temple complex.
Damian Evans, director of the University of Sydney's archaeological research center in Cambodia, and a small team working in the Siem Reap region, were given approval to use Lidar laser technology in the remote jungles of Cambodia, the first time the airborne technology has been used for archaeological research in tropical Asia. The discovery came when the Lidar data emerged on a computer screen. "With this instrument – bang – all of a sudden we saw an immediate picture of an entire city that no one knew existed, which is just remarkable," said Evans.
The finding occurred after years of archaeological ground research to reveal Mahendraparvata, a lost city where people lived on a mountain called Phnom Kulen, 350 years before the building of the famous Angkor Wat temple complex in north-western Cambodia. It was part of the Hindu-Buddhist Khmer Empire that ruled much of Southeast Asia from about 800 to 1400 AD.
Using the lidar data, the team of archaeologists discovered the ruins of five previously unrecorded temples, a huge statue of Buddha, evidence of ancient canals and roads and hundreds of mysterious mounds spread across the city, possibly tombs where the dead were buried. They also found a cave with historically significant carvings that was used by holy hermits who were common during the Angkor period. The research and excavation into the remarkable discovery of Mahendraparvata is still in its infancy and it is unknown what more the archaeologists will find there.
It is widely taught in the field of ancient history that Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, and India, gave rise to the first civilizations of mankind. However, few are aware that at the same time, and in some cases before some of these societies emerged, another great civilization had sprouted - the Norte Chico civilization of Supe, Peru – the first known civilization of the Americas. Their capital was the Sacred City of Caral – a 5,000-year-old metropolis complete with complex agricultural practices, rich culture, and monumental architecture, including six large pyramidal structures, stone and earthen platform mounds, temples, amphitheatre, sunken circular plazas, and residential areas.
The ancient city of Caral had lain buried beneath the sand for thousands of years until the Supe Valley, which lies 200 miles north of Lima on the Peruvian Pacific coast, was surveyed in 1905 by the German archaeologist Max Uhle, who revealed the first archaeological discoveries in the area. It was not until several decades later that full-scale excavations took place, revealing the tip of a very large iceberg. In the 1970s, archaeologists discovered that the hills originally identified as natural formations were actually stepped pyramids, and by the 1990s the full extent of the great city of Caral had emerged. Excavations revealed six large pyramids (platform mounds) arranged around a huge plaza. The public architecture has stairs, rooms, courtyards, an amphitheatre, and three sunken plazas. Accommodation seems to have consisted of large rooms atop the pyramids for the elite, ground-level complexes for craftsmen, and small outlying dwellings for workers. In total, it is estimated that Caral was home to a population of about 3,000 people. Researchers believe the model of the city was used by many civilizations that came after the Norte Chico.
10.Archaeologists Discover Two Long Lost Ancient Maya Cities in Jungle of Mexico
In 2014, archaeologists made an amazing discovery in the jungles of Mexico –two ancient Maya cities that had been lost over time, including ruined pyramid temples, palace remains, a monster mouth gateway, a ball court, altars, and other stone monuments. One of the cities had been found decades ago but all attempts to relocate the ruins, which are named Lagunita, had failed. The other city was previously unknown and was a brand new discovery, shedding new light on the ancient Maya civilization.
One of the most impressive features of the Maya city is the enormous monster-mouth entranceway, which represents a Maya earth deity of fertility. Beyond the entranceway, archaeologists came across a large temple pyramid measuring 65 feet (20 metres) in height, as well as the ruins of a palace complex arranged around four large plazas. Nearby, they found numerous stone sculptures and several altars, all engraved with well-preserved reliefs and inscriptions.
Even more stunning than the rediscovery of Lagunita, was the fact that the research team also stumbled across another set of ancient ruins nearby, which were previously unknown, including a pyramid temple, altar, and large acropolis surrounded by three temples. The researchers named the city Tamchen (‘deep well’), after finding more than thirty chultans, deep underground chambers used for collecting rainwater.
Featured image: A compilation of lost cities that have since been found.
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12,000-Year-Old Lost City Off New Orleans Coast or Imagination Gone Wild?
12,000-Year-Old Lost City Off New Orleans Coast or Imagination Gone Wild?
A self-proclaimed amateur archaeologist professes that mysterious granite stones found over the years by fishermen near the uninhabited Chandeleur Islands, located 50 miles east of New Orleans in the United States, are actually architectural artifacts from a 12,000-year-old lost city. Having visited the site 44 times, George Gelé, a retired architect, is convinced that he has found the remains of a submerged city predating the ancient Inca, Maya and Aztec civilizations of the Americas.
Even more startlingly, he claims that there is a pyramid in the granite city, which he has named “Crescentis”, that is related to the Great Pyramid at Giza ! The oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World , the Great Pyramid is located in Greater Cairo in Egypt. “What’s down there are hundreds of buildings that are covered with sand and silt and that are geographically related to the Great Pyramid at Giza. Somebody floated a billion stones down the Mississippi River and assembled them outside what would later become New Orleans ,” Gelé told CBS affiliate WWL-TV.
George Gelé claims that the lost city located off Chandeleur Islands is related to the Great Pyramid of Giza, seen here.
The Building Blocks of the Lost City of “Crescentis”
So what exactly has Gelé built his theory of a lost city on? While its foundations may be weak, the building stones are solid enough. Local fishermen have for years been talking about netting strange square rocks near the Chandeleur Islands. Granite in the area is certainly something that requires explanation, given that it isn’t found naturally in Louisiana or Mississippi, reports the Sun.
Gelé, who has taken 44 trips to the site over nearly 50 years, has produced underwater sonar images of what he is convinced are discernible ruins of major buildings. These, he claims, include a large pyramid. “All I know is somebody built a city 12,000 years ago and it’s stuck out in Chandeleur. Whether or not they had someone on their shoulder who flew in with a UFO, I don’t know. All I know is they left a whole lot of granite rocks out there,” he said according to WWL-TV.
An aerial view of Chandeleur Islands. Louisiana, Chandeleur Islands, St. Bernard Parish.
But that’s not all. According to Gelé, the pyramid, which he estimates is 280 feet (85 meters) tall, produces an incredible amount of electromagnetic energy . His claims are corroborated by local shrimper Ricky Robin who’s been out with him on four excursions.
According to Robin, the compass on his boat spun completely out of control as they neared the point which Gelé told him was the tip of the pyramid. “Everything will go out on your boat, all your electronics. Like as if you were in the Bermuda Triangle . That’s exactly what we got here,” he is quoted in the Sun as saying . He added that the granite slabs that fishermen found in the area at regular intervals had long been a topic of discussion and putting two and two together, he thought of them immediately as pieces of the pyramid since it was exactly where his compass went crazy.
George Gelé has spent almost 50 years studying the site where he believes a lost city is hiding underwater.
A Lost City? Or Are There More Mundane Explanations?
Though he has his adherents, many treat Gelé’s claims with skepticism, subscribing to explanations that are as of now less of a stretch of imagination than the theory of a submerged city near the Chandeleur Islands . And there are several of these rather more realistic explanations. One is from a late 1980s Texas A&M study which claims the granite blocks originate from old shipwrecks or ballast stones thrown overboard by Spanish and French ships to lighten their load as they entered shallow waters.
In fact, Gelé himself made a presentation in 2014 along similar lines. There he explored possibilities of the stone piles being from a construction dump or a build up from several shipwrecks. LSU archaeology professor Rob Mann told local newspaper the Advocate in 2011 that he believed the granite slabs originated from an abortive attempt to build an artificial reef. The state’s archaeologist told the same newspaper that while he agreed that barge loads of stones seemed to have been dumped there, the reasons were not clear.
The jury is still out on whether there is any substance to Gelé’s claims of a 12,000-year-old lost city, or whether the more commonplace explanations are closer to the truth. Certainly, Gelé’s hypothesis is more romantic. But until future dives, solar technology or satellite imaging help him put some proof out there, he will find it difficult to find serious scientific backing for his lost city ideas.
Top image: Representational image of a lost city at the bottom of the ocean. Source: diversepixel / Adobe Stock
George Gele has found an ancient city off the coast of Louisiana. A city that contains a pyramid that is almost 200 feet tall. He has sonar scans and ancient artifacts as proof. An ancient underwater city should not be hard to believe. Hundreds of ancient cities have been swallowed up by the ocean over the last half million years. Imagine an alien culture making a city on an island and then leaving, making it sink on purpose to hide it...Atlantis. Well, its possible that Atlantis was in Louisiana ..but since the waters are so murky, no-one seems to care to check. But just because people are ignorant of the cities existence, doesn't mean it doesn't exist. We may have just found an ancient alien city of Atlantis!
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
News states:
An amateur archeologist says he’s discovered the ruins of an ancient civilization off the coast of St. Bernard Parish. He claims there are large underwater granite mounds near the Chandeleur Islands that may have once been the site of the lost city. The Chandeleur Islands are a chain of uninhabited barrier islands located in the Gulf of Mexico, 50 miles east of New Orleans.Twelve thousand years ago, before a dramatic sea-level rise at the end of the last Ice Age, this area may have been dry land. Retired architect George Gelé believes the site, now underwater was once a major city, predating the Maya, Inca, and Aztec civilizations in Mexico and in Central and South America. He dubbed the city “Crecsentis.” “What’s down there are hundreds of buildings that are covered with sand and silt and that are geographically related to the Great Pyramid at Giza,” Gelé said.
Scientists believe that before our universe, another , previous cosmos existed. In a way, they are calling this p
“The next universe will be just like ours — but only in overall appearance, not in detail, of course…”
A researcher may just have discovered conclusive evidence that another cosmos existed before this one. Not only that, but he also claims that ours is just the latest in an infinite series of universes. Professor Sir Roger Penrose argues that our known cosmos is the latest in a long line of previous universes, answering the question of what was ‘there’ before the Big Bang.
Another Universe Before This One
According to Professor Sir Roger Penrose, a former College of late Professor Hawking, our universe still carries the scars of the events of our universe’s predecessor, which was destroyed some 14 billion years ago. Prof Penrose, a researcher from the University of Oxford, is one of the world’s most distinguished theoretical physicists. He claims evidence suggests our universe is just the latest in an infinite series of universes, each emerging phoenix-like from its predecessor in a Big Bang.
Accepted scientific models suggest that our universe and everything inside it, stars, planets, and galaxies, burst into existence literally out of nowhere, thanks to strange and mostly undiscovered laws that govern the sub-atomic world.
The inflation model of the universe’s birth was hailed as a breakthrough when it was first proposed in the 1970s. However, the more we explore the cosmos, and the more we research, the more this theory becomes obsolete.
According to a cyclic model of the cosmos, the answer to what existed before our universe is simple: another one.
Prof. Penrose and colleagues in the US and Poland have been investigating this idea. They believe they’ve finally come across telltale signs of universes that may have existed before ours, and they base their claims on studies of radiation left over from the Big Bang.
First spotted by astronomers in the mid-1960s, this radiation permeates the whole of space in the form of microwaves.
However, studies have shown that this radiation is not spread equally across the cosmos. Astronomers had argued that this inequality of distribution is due to the turbulence that existed when our universe was created.
Prof. Penrose and his team suggest that our cosmic predecessor may have contained supermassive black holes. Over countless millions of years, these black holes would have devoured all mater in the previous cosmos. Countless millions of years after this event, these massive black holes vanished as well, in bursts of so-called Hawking Radiaion.
A link to the paper can be found by clicking here.
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Thanks to the provisions of the U.S. Freedom of Information Act, we know that back in the 1970s, the FBI briefly got involved in one of the strangest phenomena out there. I’m talking about cattle mutilations. It’s a lesser known fact, however, that most of the mute material that came the FBI’s way was supplied by a New Mexico-based police officer: Gabe Valdez. So, with that said, let’s have a look at the files and theories of Valdez, himself. As Valdez’s voluminous records showed, from the summer of 1975 to the early fall of 1978, no less than twenty-eight cattle mutilation incidents occurred in Rio Arriba County. One of the most bizarre events occurred in June 1976, as Valdez’s files demonstrate: “Investigations around the area revealed that a suspected aircraft of some type had landed twice, leaving three pod marks positioned in a triangular shape. The diameter of each pod was 14 inches. Emanating from the two landings were smaller triangular shaped tripods 28 inches and 4 inches in diameter. Investigation at the scene showed that these small tripods had followed the cow for approximately 600 feet. Tracks of the cow showed where she had struggled and fallen. The small tripod tracks were all around the cow. Other evidence showed that grass around the tripods, as they followed the cow, had been scorched. Also a yellow oily substance was located in two places under the small tripods. This substance was submitted to the State Police Lab. The Lab was unable to detect the content of the substance.”
(Nick Redfern)
Gabe Valdez and Nick Redfern in Albuquerque, New Mexico
The document from Valdez continued: “A sample of the substance was submitted to a private lab and they were unable to analyze the substance due to the fact that it disappeared or disintegrated. Skin samples were analyzed by the State Police Lab and the Medical Examiner’s Office. It was reported that the skin had been cut with a sharp instrument.” Seventy-two hours later, Valdez liaised with Dr. Howard Burgess, of the New Mexico-based Sandia National Laboratories, with a view to having the area checked for radiation. It was a wise move. The radiation level was double that which could normally be expected. Valdez’s conclusions on this issue: “It is the opinion of this writer that radiation findings are deliberately being left at the scene to confuse investigators.” The case was not over, however. Whatever, or whoever, was responsible for the mutilation made a return visit. Once again, we need to take a look at the official files on the affair. In Valdez’s own, official words: “There was also evidence that the tripod marks had returned and removed the left ear. Tripod marks were found over Mr. Gomez’s tire tracks of his original visit. The left ear was intact when Mr. Gomez first found the cow. The cow had a 3-month-old calf which has not been located since the incident. This appears strange since a small calf normally stays around the mother even though the cow is dead.”
On the matter of whether or not the mutilations were the work of cults or natural predators, Valdez said: “Both have been ruled out due to expertise and preciseness and the cost involved to conduct such a sophisticated and secretive operation. It should also be noted that during the spring of 1974 when a tremendous amount of cattle were lost due to heavy snowfalls, the carcasses had been eaten by predators. These carcasses did not resemble the carcasses of the mutilated cows. Investigation has narrowed down to these theories which involve (1) Experimental use of Vitamin B12 and (2) The testing of the lymph node system. During this investigation an intensive study has been made of (3) What is involved in germ warfare testing, and the possible correlation of these 3 factors (germ warfare testing, use of Vitamin B12, testing of the lymph node system).” A further, very strange, report can be found in Valdez’s files, from 1978:
“This four year old cross Hereford and Black Angus native cow was found lying on left side with rectum, sex organs, tongue, and ears removed. Pinkish blood from [illegible] was visible, and after two days the blood still had not coagulated. Left front and left rear leg were pulled out of their sockets apparently from the weight of the cow which indicates that it was lifted and dropped back to the ground. The ground around and under the cow was soft and showed indentations where the cow had been dropped. 600 yards away from the cow were the 4-inch circular indentations similar to the ones found at the Manuel Gomez ranch on 4-24-78. This cow had been dead approximately [illegible] hours and was too decomposed to extract samples. This is the first in a series of mutilations in which the cows’ legs are broken. Previously the animals had been lifted from the brisket with a strap. These mutilated animals all dehydrate rapidly (in one or two days).”
(Nick Redfern)
Strangers in the Night
As the summer of 1978 progressed, so did the number of reports where elevated radiation readings were found, as Valdez noted in his records: “It is believed that this type of radiation is not harmful to humans, although approximately 7 people who visited the mutilation site complained of nausea and headaches. However, this writer has had no such symptoms after checking approximately 11 mutilations in the past 4 months. Identical mutilations have been taking place all over the Southwest. It is strange that no eye witnesses have come forward or that no accidents [have] occurred. One has to admit that whoever is responsible for the mutilations is very well organized with boundless financing and secrecy. Writer is presently getting equipment through the efforts of Mr. Howard Burgess, Albuquerque, N.M. to detect substances on the cattle which might mark them and be picked up by infra-red rays but not visible to the naked eye.”
A lengthy document, prepared by Forrest S. Putman, the FBI’s Special-Agent-in-Charge at Albuquerque, New Mexico was soon thereafter sent to the FBI’s headquarters in Washington, D.C. It read: “Information furnished to this office by Officer Valdez indicates that the animals are being shot with some type of paralyzing drug and the blood is being drawn from the animal after an injection of an anti-coagulant. It appears that in some instances the cattle’s legs have been broken and helicopters without any identifying numbers have reportedly been seen in the vicinity of these mutilations. Officer Valdez theorizes that clamps are being placed on the cow’s legs and they are being lifted by helicopter to some remote area where the mutilations are taking place and then the animal is returned to its original pasture. The mutilations primarily consist of removal of the tongue, the lymph gland, lower lip and the sexual organs of the animal. Much mystery has surrounded these mutilations, but according to witnesses they give the appearance of being very professionally done with a surgical instrument, and according to Valdez, as the years progress, each surgical procedure appears to be more professional.”
Nick Redfern)
As Valdez’s files reveal, he made a connection between the mutes and black helicopters
The documentation continues: “Officer Valdez has advised that in no instance, to his knowledge, are these carcasses ever attacked by predator or scavenger animals, although there are tracks which would indicate that coyotes have been circling the carcass from a distance. Special Agent Putman then informed the Director of the outcome of Valdez’s run-ins with officials. He also advised that he has requested Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory to conduct investigation for him but until just recently has always been advised that the mutilations were done by predatory animals. Officer Valdez stated that just recently he has been told by two assistants at Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory that they were able to determine the type of tranquilizer and blood anti-coagulant that have been utilized.” Putnam then demonstrated to headquarters the astonishing scale of the mutilation puzzle:
“Officer Valdez stated that Colorado probably has the most mutilations occurring within their State and that over the past four years approximately 30 have occurred in New Mexico. He stated that of these 330, 15 have occurred on Indian Reservations but he did know that many mutilations have gone unreported which have occurred on the Indian reservations because the Indians, particularly in the Pueblos, are extremely superstitious and will not even allow officers in to investigate in some instances. Officer Valdez stated since the outset of these mutilations there have been an estimated 8,000 animals mutilated which would place the loss at approximately $1,000,000.” Without doubt a huge, and widespread phenomenon – and much of it studied and investigated by Police Officer Gabe Valdez.
To those of a certain age, CHiPS will always be the name of a popular television show of the late 1970s about two motorcycle cops working for the California Highway Patrol (CHP). Today, CHPS still represents a kind of patrol – but one whose range extends far beyond California. Where to? Hint … can Ponch fit in a space suit?
“Until now, the United States space mission extended 22,000 miles above Earth. That was then, this is now. The Air Force Research Laboratory is extending that range by 10 times and the operations area of the United States by 1,000 times, taking our reach to the far side of the Moon into cislunar space.”
Space Force on patrol?
A video released this week by the Air Force Research Laboratory — a scientific research organization operated by the United States Air Force Materiel Command dedicated to providing technological warfighting capabilities to United States air, space, and cyberspace forces – contained a small announcement with big consequences … the Wright Patterson Air Force Base lab will launch a satellite — Cislunar Highway Patrol System (CHPS) — into cislunar space which includes the Moon. That gives CHPS a view of the “far side of the Moon” which is significant since that’s where China’s lunar rover is exploring and where that nation plans to build a Moon base.
“Effectively, this satellite is the beginning of an extension of operations by US Space Command from geostationary space to beyond the Moon.”
Space.com explains that the Air Force Research Laboratory will build the satellite, the US Space Force will operate it and train military personnel on its usage, and the US Space Command will oversee its usage in space. Brian Weeden, director of program planning for the nonprofit Secure World Foundation which works with government and agencies on the peaceful use of outer space, tells Ars Technica he thinks the purpose of the satellite is strictly observational … for now.
“It’s the first step for them to be able to know what’s going on in cislunar space and then identify any potential threats to US activities.”
The current US military focus is on the spot 22,000 miles (35,400 km) above Earth where the all-important geostationary satellites orbit. However, traffic between Earth and the Moon is increasing dramatically among many countries, so CHPS will be placed at 272,000 miles (438,000 km) from Earth. Of course, the video state that the intentions of the Space Force are good.
“The U.S. Space Force will ensure the peaceful development of space, keeping our missions safe and secure in these distant frontiers. The responsible use of space and unfettered access to space domain awareness ensures collision avoidance, on-orbit logistics, communication, navigation and maneuvering, all critical to the United States and allied space commerce, science and exploration.”
Is the announcement of CHPS at this time related to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine intentional or just a coincidence? Good luck getting a straight answer on that one … especially with Russia’s space agency leaders threatening problems in the ISS and cancelling projects with other agencies.
Ready to give up the bike for a rocket?
While keeping space peaceful seems like a noble cause, humanity hasn’t been able to accomplish that on Earth yet, so perhaps we should read between the lines – or the space objects – and see what this announcement really is … the first step towards putting Ponch, Joe, Bear and Hot Dog on space motorcycles patrolling the Moon and beyond.
News reports have confirmed that the Russian army has captured the Ukrainian port city and region (oblast) of Kherson, where an ancient space ark is claimed to be buried. According to two independent sources, the space ark is buried under Oleshky Sands National Nature Park, which is only 25 km (15 miles) east of Kherson. The space ark is said to be activating and predicted to eventually begin flying into the air.
Kherson is strategically important to the Russian military as it contains a fresh-water canal to the nearby Crimean peninsula, which is the only warm water port of the Russian Navy. Russia’s capture of Kherson is vital for ensuring the long-term viability of its Crimean facilities, but also fulfills a new strategic imperative – to gain access to and control the alleged space ark.
I was first told about the Ukraine space ark by my long-time source JP who currently serves in the US Army and has been on covert missions to two other space arks. One mission was to the Moon, and two others have been to the Bermuda Triangle area of the Atlantic Ocean. All three missions were jointly conducted by the US and China, and the second Atlantic Ocean mission included Russia, which had found its own ark but was not giving the US access.
On February 11, JP gave me coordinates (46°35’19″N 33°03’01″E) to a space ark he was told exists in Ukraine. The coordinates are for the Oleshky Sands, which is the only natural sand desert in Ukraine and has long been a tourist attraction. The origins of the sandy desert have puzzled geologists, and there has been speculation that it is a result of historical overgrazing by sheep.
JP later described what he was told about the Ukrainian space ark in briefings and by others participating in the covert missions to ancient arks being found all over our solar system and on Earth. On February 24, he left me the following voice message describing his new intel about space arks being found in Russia and Ukraine:
Remember I was telling you about the ark? There was Russians surrounding the ship that we were on [in the Atlantic Ocean]. They really wanted information. That’s why they went down to the [Atlantic] ark with us. We gave them the opportunity to come down. We didn’t have no problem, you know, bringing the Russians in and sharing information; because, we know that this was huge, worldwide, huge, you know this is humongous.
So all the world leaders need to know about this. But they did not keep their side of the promise right now, taking us to their ark, but now with this happening in Ukraine —that ark that is over there, I guess they want that information for them. We were about to go to that ark.
Don’t be surprised if it starts activation, Oleshky desert national park, and probably gets to be one of the first ships to go up in the air. Everybody sees. Now that the nations in the world [attention] is … on Ukraine, this is probably going to be one the first ones that’s going to go up, and everybody is going to see it. Everything is going to come to a halt. Everybody is going to be shocked because of this
JP’s revelation that the space ark found in Ukraine is activating and US military authorities were ready to go in to investigate is very telling in terms of why Russia chose to intervene now. Even more astounding is his prediction that the Ukrainian ark will eventually begin flying into the air. Indeed, with the world’s attention currently on Ukraine, a flying space ark will instantaneously become a global event of profound significance.
On February 26, during my “What’s Coming in 2022” webinar, I publicly revealed for the first time what JP had told me about the Ukrainian space ark. I subsequently received important corroborating information from Thor Han Eredyon, a Fleet Commander of the Galactic Federation of Worlds, as relayed through Elena Danaan, a former French archeologist.
Two days after my webinar, Elena relayed to me the following information from Thor Han about Russia’s military intervention into Ukraine and the Deep State’s (DS) involvement with the ark:
This is not an invasion of Ukraine but part of the cleansing operations. The DS was attempting to activate the Ark, which they had found many years ago, buried underneath the sand in the lower southern part of Ukraine. The ark activated, so it was time Putin got his hands on it. There is a second ark in the north of Russia, but Putin already has control of it.
Thor Han’s information corroborated what JP had been told about two space arks found in the region — one in Russia and another in Ukraine. It’s very significant that the Deep State has had a strong influence over Ukraine since 2014 and was attempting to activate the space ark found in a sandy region of southern Ukraine—Oleshky Sands.
On March 1, Thor Han revealed more about the buried Ukraine space ark:
Putin has his hands on the other ark in the north of Russia, and he has been taught by positive extraterrestrials how to use this technology.
It is information without consequence because this ark in north Russia is secured and in good hands, contrarily to the Ukrainian ark, which, through to this day (March 01, 2022) is in the hands of the Earth Alliance, it is still fought for by the DS military based in the south of Ukraine, near the ark “buried in the sand.”
Thor Han’s information corroborates what JP had been told about Russia’s control over a space ark found in its own territory. By March 2, Russia had defeated the Ukrainian military and had gained full control over Kherson, including Oleshky Sands National Nature Park.
Kherson is the first Ukrainian city to fall to the Russian military, which is highly significant given claims of an ancient space ark found in the nearby Oleshky Sands.
The discovery of a space ark that is activating under Oleshky Sands provides an understanding of why Russia has decided to militarily intervene in the Ukraine civil war that has been ongoing since 2014. Something dramatic must have happened behind the scenes to motivate Russia to intervene in a civil war that was essentially frozen as a result of a lack of progress on implementing the Minsk Agreement signed by Russia, France, Germany, Ukraine, and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe.
While some claim that the Ukrainian army was preparing a lightning military campaign to retake the contested Donetsk and Lugansk administrative regions (Oblasts) of Ukraine, others claim that US-sponsored Biolabs were the real target of the Russian attack. While these are plausible scenarios, neither one adequately explains why Russia conducted a full-scale military intervention from three directions after eight years of sitting on the sidelines.
The discovery of a buried space ark and Russia’s desire to take full control of it offers a more compelling explanation for Russia moving in and taking over Ukrainian territory far from the contested Donetsk and Lugansk regions.
Russia’s rapid takeover of Kherson is powerful circumstantial evidence that supports the revelations of JP and Thor Han/Elena Danaan about an ancient space ark found under the Oleshky Sands National Nature Park, and that this was the decisive factor in Russia’s surprise military intervention into Ukraine.
A podcast version of this article is available on YouTube & Rumble
It was only a matter of time before something paranormal was reported from the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the first incident will be hard to top – real or otherwise. At about the time Russian troops entered the Ukrainian city of Kherson, a small number of websites reported that an “ancient space ark” buried near Kherson had been activated and would be flying soon. Ancient space ark?
What exactly IS a space ark?
“Don’t be surprised if it starts activation, Oleshky desert national park, and probably gets to be one of the first ships to go up in the air. Everybody sees. Now that the nations in the world [attention] is … on Ukraine, this is probably going to be one the first ones that’s going to go up, and everybody is going to see it. Everything is going to come to a halt. Everybody is going to be shocked because of this.”
That quote comes from a source known only as JP and was said to have been given to Dr. Michael Salla, the Founder of the Exopolitics Institute and the Exopolitics.org website for news about “key individuals, political institutions and processes associated with extraterrestrial life.” Salla claims the space ark is buried under Oleshky Sands National Nature Park, Ukraine’s national park which is 25 km (15 miles) east of Kherson. The park is highly unusual in that it is a semi-arid, desert-like area covered with low-fertility soil and sand. While open to tourists, the park is highly secured because it’s next to a military training ground. And maybe because of the buried space ark?
“I was first told about the Ukraine space ark by my long-time source JP who currently serves in the US Army and has been on covert missions to two other space arks. One mission was to the Moon, and two others have been to the Bermuda Triangle area of the Atlantic Ocean. All three missions were jointly conducted by the US and China, and the second Atlantic Ocean mission included Russia, which had found its own ark but was not giving the US access.”
Scans for other info on “space arks” come up empty, so we have to rely on Salla’s revelations that these are some sort of ancient space ships found buried – two by the U.S. and China, one by Ukraine and one by Russia. His source JP says experts have activated and flown these space arks, with one going to the Moon! Salla claims he confirmed JP’s story with Thor Han — Thor Han Eredyon is a Galactic Federation pilot who speaks telepathically to former French archeologist and Salla’s friend, Elena Danaan. In January, Danaan relayed that huge space arks have also been discovered on the Moon and Mars as well as in Antarctica. However, the ark of the moment is in Oleshky Park at coordinates (46°35’19″N 33°03’01″E), and Salla says Thor Han relayed why we should be concerned.
“This is not an invasion of Ukraine but part of the cleansing operations. The DS (Deep State) was attempting to activate the Ark, which they had found many years ago, buried underneath the sand in the lower southern part of Ukraine. The ark activated, so it was time Putin got his hands on it. There is a second ark in the north of Russia, but Putin already has control of it. Putin … has been taught by positive extraterrestrials how to use this technology.”
That’s right – according to Salla, JP, Danaan and Thor Han, the purpose of the invasion of Ukraine is so Russia could capture this ancient “space ark.” That, according to Salla, is why Kherson was the first city to be taken over.
Space ark parked?
If you believe in exopolitics, then Michael Salla’s story — like others he has told about extraterrestrials, UFOs, remote viewing, alien telepathy – is probably plausible, if not scary. Is it verifiable? As of this writing, no reports of a “space ark” or giant UFO have been reported near Kherson or anywhere else in Ukraine for that matter. However, if you want to join Salla in connecting dots, many military experts have been puzzled by the fact that Russia has not used its air force in this conflict. Could it be because they only need one – Ukraine’s space ark?
The needle on the old Skeptic Meter is deep in the ‘Are you serious?’ quadrant right now on this story, but we’re willing to smash the meter to smithereens as soon as one photo, radar scan or eyewitness report comes in on a space ark over Ukraine. In the meantime, let’s hope peace comes soon … by any means.
De Amerikaanse satelliet Lunar Reconaissance Orbiter was waarschijnlijk niet in positie om te loeren naar de inslag. De NASA beloofde echter naar de inslagkrater te zullen zoeken, aldus space.com.
De botsing geldt als de eerste niet-intentionele met de maan, niet rekening houdend met sondes die te pletter zijn geslagen in een poging zacht te landen.
Van welke makelij de rakettrap is, vormt onderwerp van debat. Aanvankelijk was sprake van een trap van een Falcon-9 van het Amerikaanse SpaceX, later van een Chinese Lange Mars-3C.
Terwijl Peking dat ontkent en zegt dat die trap teruggekeerd is in de atmosfeer en daar is opgebrand, zegt volgens space.com het US Space Command (dat voorwerpen in de ruimte in de gaten houdt) dat het ding niet naar de aarde is teruggekeerd.
The closest black hole system to the Earth, found about 1,000 light years away, doesn't actually contain a black hole, according to a new study.
When it was discovered in 2020, two scenarios were proposed for the discovery of the unusual HR 6819 system, one with, and one without a black hole.
The idea of a black hole just 1,000 light years away, within our stellar neighbourhood, hit the headlines at the time of the discovery and was presented as the main finding - with the other scenario not being widely reported.
However, a new study, by researchers from KU Leuven in Belgium, took new measurements of the system, to see which scenario was most likely to be true.
They pointed the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope (ESO, VLT), and the VLT Interferometer at the star system, as this instrument can provide decisive data required to distinguish between the two explanations.
All the evidence pointed to a 'vampire' star system, finding two stars in a very close orbit, with one ripping material from the other.
There was no evidence of a distant orbiting star, as would be required by the black hole theory.
The closest black hole system to the Earth, found about 1,000 light years away, doesn't actually contain a black hole, according to a new study
VAMPIRE STAR SYSTEM: ONE STAR FEASTS ON ANOTHER
A Vampire Star is an object that is in close proximity to a larger star, sucking mass and energy from its companion.
Over time, the Vampire will take so much matter that its victim will be turned into a white dwarf, or trigger a supernova explosion, destroying both.
They are also known as Symbiotic Binaries, as they usually come in pairs.
The Vampire of the pair usually starts off as the smaller, and by the end will be turned into the larger of the two.
If it sucks enough matter from its companion, it can turn into a blue star, then known as a blue straggler.
This is because it has the appearance of being a young star, when in reality it isn't - and is likely an older star.
If its victim turns into a white dwarf, it can get its revenge by sucking hydrogen back from the vampire.
Thomas Rivinius, a Chile-based ESO astronomer and lead author on the original black hole paper, was not surprised by the astronomy community's reception.
'Not only is it normal, but it should be that results are scrutinised,' he said, adding that it was 'even more so' important for results that 'make the headlines'.
Rivinius and his colleagues were convinced that the best explanation for the data they had was that HR 6819 was a triple system, with one star orbiting a black hole every 40 days and a second star in a much wider orbit.
But a study led by Julia Bodensteiner, then a PhD student at KU Leuven, Belgium, proposed a different explanation for the same data.
She suggested that HR 6819 could also be a system with only two stars.
Each of the stars would be found in a very close 40-day orbit, with no black hole at all.
This alternative scenario would require one of the stars to be 'stripped', meaning that, at an earlier time, it had lost a large fraction of its mass to the other star.
'We had reached the limit of the existing data, so we had to turn to a different observational strategy to decide between the two scenarios proposed by the two teams,' says KU Leuven researcher Abigail Frost, who led the new study
The researchers turned to the Very Large Telescope, and in particular the Interferometer on the VLT, known as the VLTAI, to gather detailed observations.
'The VLTI was the only facility that would give us the decisive data we needed to distinguish between the two explanations,' says Dietrich Baade, author on both the original HR 6819 study and the new paper.
Working together, the new team worked with Baade and colleagues, so they only needed to request time on the VLT once.
'The scenarios we were looking for were rather clear, very different and easily distinguishable with the right instrument,' says Rivinius.
Wide field view of the area where this system is present. The idea of a black hole just 1,000 light years away, within our stellar neighbourhood, hit the headlines at the time of the discovery and was presented as the main finding
BLACK HOLES HAVE A GRAVITATIONAL PULL SO STRONG NOT EVEN LIGHT CAN ESCAPE
Black holes are so dense and their gravitational pull is so strong that no form of radiation can escape them - not even light.
They act as intense sources of gravity which hoover up dust and gas around them. Their intense gravitational pull is thought to be what stars in galaxies orbit around.
How they are formed is still poorly understood. Astronomers believe they may form when a large cloud of gas up to 100,000 times bigger than the sun, collapses into a black hole.
Many of these black hole seeds then merge to form much larger supermassive black holes, which are found at the centre of every known massive galaxy.
Alternatively, a supermassive black hole seed could come from a giant star, about 100 times the sun's mass, that ultimately forms into a black hole after it runs out of fuel and collapses.
When these giant stars die, they also go 'supernova', a huge explosion that expels the matter from the outer layers of the star into deep space.
'We agreed that there were two sources of light in the system, so the question was whether they orbit each other closely, as in the stripped-star scenario, or are far apart from each other, as in the black hole scenario.'
They used the GRAVITY and MUSE instruments on the VLT to study the star system, and pin down the distance each star is from its partners, finding no evidence of a bright companion star in a wide orbit - as the black hole model predicted.
They also found two bright objects in a close orbit, as suggested by the 'vampire' star model.
'MUSE confirmed that there was no bright companion in a wider orbit, while GRAVITY's high spatial resolution was able to resolve two bright sources separated by only one-third of the distance between the Earth and the Sun,' said Frost.
'These data proved to be the final piece of the puzzle, and allowed us to conclude that HR 6819 is a binary system with no black hole.'
Bodensteiner said the best interpretation is that they caught this binary system in a moment shortly after one of the stars sucked the atmosphere off its companion.
'This is a common phenomenon in close binary systems, sometimes referred to as "stellar vampirism" in the press,' he explained.
'While the donor star was stripped of some of its material, the recipient star began to spin more rapidly.'
Catching this sort of 'post-interaction phase' of a binary star system is difficult, as this point in the life of the two stars is very short.
'This makes our findings for HR 6819 very exciting, as it presents a perfect candidate to study how this vampirism affects the evolution of massive stars, and in turn the formation of their associated phenomena including gravitational waves and violent supernova explosions,' said Frost.
This chart shows the location of HR 6819 in the constellation of Telescopium. This map shows most of the stars visible to the unaided eye under good conditions and the system itself is marked with a red circle
The newly formed Leuven-ESO joint team now plans to monitor HR 6819 more closely using the VLTI's GRAVITY instrument.
The researchers will conduct a joint study of the system over time, to better understand its evolution, constrain its properties, and use that knowledge to learn more about other binary systems.
They're also optimistic that they could find a black hole in our stellar neighbourhood at some point in the future.
'Stellar-mass black holes remain very elusive owing to their nature,' says Rivinius. 'But order-of-magnitude estimates suggest there are tens to hundreds of millions of black holes in the Milky Way alone,' Baade adds.
THE VERY LARGE TELESCOPE IS A POWERFUL GROUND-BASED INSTRUMENT IN CHILE
The European Southern Observatory (ESO) built the most powerful telescope ever made in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile.
It is called the Very Large Telescope (VLT) and is widely regarded as one of the most advanced optical instruments ever made.
It consists of four telescopes, whose main mirrors measures 27 feet (8.2 metres) in diameter.
There are also four movable six feet (1.8 metre) diameter auxiliary telescopes.
The large telescopes are called Antu, Kueyen, Melipal and Yepun.
The European Southern observatory (ESO) built the most powerful telescope ever made in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile and called it the Very Large Telescope (VLT).
The first of the Unit Telescopes, 'Antu', went into routine scientific operations on April 1, 1999.
The telescopes can work together to form a giant 'interferometer'.
This interferometer allows images to be filtered for any unnecessary obscuring objects and, as a result, astronomers can see details up to 25 times finer than with the individual telescopes.
It has been involved in spotting the first image of an extrasolar planet as well as tracking individual stars moving around the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way.
It also observed the afterglow of the furthest known Gamma Ray Burst.
It Turns out, the “Closest Black Hole” System Doesn’t Contain a Black Hole At All
It Turns out, the “Closest Black Hole” System Doesn’t Contain a Black Hole At All
One thousand light-years away is pretty close for a black hole. When researchers discovered a black hole at that distance in 2019, it caught the attention of other astronomers and other interested people. It was the first black hole-hosting stellar system to be seen with the naked eye.
But new research shows that it isn’t there.
The black hole got quite a bit of press when scientists published the paper presenting their discovery. It didn’t interact with the matter around it as other stellar-mass black holes do. Astronomers usually discover black holes as they draw material towards themselves, heat it, and release x-rays. But this one didn’t; it’s a non-accreting black hole, and astronomers discovered it through gravitational interactions with its two close neighbours. It was called a quiet black hole, and at the time, astronomers thought there must be many more of them and that the discovery was the tip of the iceberg.
“There must be hundreds of millions of black holes out there, but we know about only very few. Knowing what to look for should put us in a better position to find them,” said Thomas Rivinius, the lead author of the 2019 study.
But a new study by some of the same authors dug deeper into the hole and found that it’s not there. Something else better explains the data; Something called “stellar vampirism.” A more massive star draws matter away from a smaller companion in stellar vampirism, essentially feeding on a less massive donor star.
The system in question is called HR 6819. The 2019 paper announced a three-star system with a non-accreting black hole and two stellar companions. Researchers were looking for double-star systems when they found HR 6819. The closest star’s orbit was affected by the hole’s presence, they thought at the time. They learned the black hole’s mass by figuring out the closest star’s orbit. “An invisible object with a mass at least four times that of the Sun can only be a black hole,” concluded lead author Rivinius at the time.
This artist’s impression from 2019 shows the orbits of the objects in the HR 6819 triple system. At that time, astronomers thought the system was made up of an inner binary with one star (orbit in blue) and a newly discovered black hole (orbit in red), as well as a third object, another star, in a wider orbit (also in blue). Image Credit: ESO/L. Calçada
The 2020 study was based on spectroscopy of the system with different instruments in different studies over a few years. Data from the ESA’s Gaia mission also played a role. The lack of x-rays from the black hole was an issue, but the 2019 study said the lack of x-rays was expected based on the system’s architecture.
“HR 6819 is a hierarchical triple star with a non-accreting BH in the inner binary,” the authors said in the conclusion of their 2019 paper. But something else they wrote foreshadows the new study showing that there is no black hole: “The detection was facilitated by the incompatibility of the spectral sequences with a simple binary.” It turns out they were correct when they said the spectral sequences were incompatible with a simple binary, but their conclusion was incorrect.
HR 6819’s spectral absorption lines are at the heart of the matter. HR 6819’s spectrum contained many different absorption lines: bright and dark, broad and narrow, moving and static.
The broad lines come from a Be star, a type of star behaving quite strangely. They’re giant blue stars that are hotter and more massive than the Sun. “Be stars actually rotate so rapidly that they almost fall apart,” Rivinius explained. “They are no longer spherical but somewhat flattened, and around their equator, they form a gaseous disc ejected from the star itself.” This hot gas around the star creates bright emission lines, clearly visible in the spectrum of HR 6819.
This is a simplified schematic of HR 6819’s spectral lines. Image Credit: ESO/J. C. Munoz-Mateos, D. Catricheo
But there was a second set of spectral lines that were much narrower and more indicative of a different type of star called a B star. B stars are also massive blue stars, but they don’t spin as rapidly as Be stars. There was something odd about the lines from this B star: they moved back and forth every 40 days.
And this is where the black hole conclusion enters the story. For those lines to move back and forth like this, the B star had to be orbiting something. The unusual spectral sequences they observed in HR 6819 were incompatible with a simple binary. They couldn’t see a third star in the system, so the team concluded that there was a black hole at least four times more massive than the Sun was in the system.
There’s a third study involved in this narrative. Julia Bodensteiner, then a Ph.D. student at KU Leuven, Belgium, led that study published in 2020. In that study, the authors wrote that “We re-investigate the properties of HR 6819 to search for a possibly simpler alternative explanation for HR 6819, which does not invoke the presence of a triple system with a BH in the inner binary.”
“Our analysis suggests that HR 6819 is a binary system containing a stripped star and a Be star…” they wrote in their conclusion. “This work shows that the HR 6819 system can be explained without invoking the presence of a stellar-mass BH.” Other follow-up studies on HR 6819 also questioned the existence of the black hole.
When the studies doubting the existence of a black hole came out, it made Rivinius a little nervous. Could he and his team have gotten it wrong? “There were several papers,” remembers Rivinius, “and for some of them, I thought they proposed very viable hypotheses. When I realized that the no-black-hole scenario was indeed a viable hypothesis, at least as likely as ours, I started to sweat a little.”
Bodensteiner’s study had the same spectral lines as Rivinius’s, but they reached different conclusions. “Basically, the difference in our analysis is which of the spectral lines we used to study the motion of the Be star,” explained Bodensteiner. “Depending on which lines you use, you either get a significant result showing the Be star is moving back and forth or not.”
That’s where things stood until this new study was published. “We had reached the limit of the existing data, so we had to turn to a different observational strategy to decide between the two scenarios proposed by the two teams,” says KU Leuven researcher Abigail Frost, who led the new study published today in Astronomy & Astrophysics.
This schematic illustration shows the observations and competing scenarios for HR 6819. Sizes and distances are not to scale. Top: original scenario, with a giant B star orbiting a black hole and a rapidly-spinning Be star further away. Bottom: alternative scenario without a black hole, with a stripped B star that is less massive than the Be one. Note that the spectral lines of the Be star do wobble very slightly (not shown here). Credit: ESO/J. C. Munoz-Mateos, D. Catricheo
Researchers needed new data to solve the mystery, and they knew what facility could gather it. They knew there were two light sources in the system; the question was how closely they orbit each other. The two teams worked together to obtain new, sharper data of HR 6819 using ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) and Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI). “The VLTI was the only facility that would give us the decisive data we needed to distinguish between the two explanations,” says Dietrich Baade, author on both the original HR 6819 study and the new Astronomy & Astrophysics paper. Since it made no sense to ask for the same observation twice, the two teams joined forces, which allowed them to pool their resources and knowledge to find the true nature of this system.
“The scenarios we were looking for were rather clear, very different and easily distinguishable with the right instrument,” says Rivinius. “We agreed that there were two sources of light in the system, so the question was whether they orbit each other closely, as in the stripped-star scenario, or are far apart from each other, as in the black hole scenario.”
“MUSE confirmed that there was no bright companion in a wider orbit, while GRAVITY’s high spatial resolution was able to resolve two bright sources separated by only one-third of the distance between the Earth and the Sun,” says Frost. “These data proved to be the final piece of the puzzle and allowed us to conclude that HR 6819 is a binary system with no black hole.”
The image on the left shows MUSE observations of HR 6819. If the black hole scenario were correct, there should be a second star somewhere over the white circle. The image on the right represents GRAVITY observations. As predicted by the no-black-hole-scenario, the two stars are at close separation. Credit: Frost et al.
While discovering a black hole only 1,000 light-years away is now no longer a thing, HR 6819 is still an exciting place. It’s a case of stellar vampirism, where a giant star is stripping away the atmosphere of a smaller star. That arrangement isn’t rare in binary systems, but it’s still interesting.
The researchers were fortunate to observe the system right after the vampire star had sucked away the donor star’s atmosphere.
“Our best interpretation so far is that we caught this binary system in a moment shortly after one of the stars had sucked the atmosphere off its companion star. This is a common phenomenon in close binary systems, sometimes referred to as “stellar vampirism” in the press,” explains Bodensteiner, now a fellow at ESO in Germany and an author on the new study. “While the donor star was stripped of some of its material, the recipient star began to spin more rapidly.”
“Catching such a post-interaction phase is extremely difficult as it is so short,” adds Frost. “This makes our findings for HR 6819 very exciting, as it presents a perfect candidate to study how this vampirism affects the evolution of massive stars, and in turn the formation of their associated phenomena including gravitational waves and violent supernova explosions.”
New research using data from ESO’s Very Large Telescope and Very Large Telescope Interferometer has revealed that HR 6819, previously believed to be a triple system with a black hole, is a system of two stars with no black hole.
“Therefore, we conclude that HR 6819 is a binary system and reject the presence of a BH on a short-period orbit in this system. HR 6819, therefore, constitutes a perfect source for investigating the origin of Be stars and their possible formation through a binary channel,” the authors of the new study write.
It would’ve been a great scientific opportunity if there had been a quiet black hole in the system. While that opportunity is gone, an equally compelling opportunity is replacing it.
“Personally, I would have wanted my interpretation to be correct,” said Rivinius. “But I have to admit that this interpretation is the far more interesting option.”
According to Frost, the lead author of the new paper, “It was really a win-win situation: either way, we find something pretty cool. On the one hand, we confirm the existence of the nearest stellar-mass black hole to Earth. Or on the other hand, we find this really exciting and difficult to capture evolutionary stage of a massive binary stellar system.”
The pair of research teams have combined into one joint Leuwen/ESO team. They intend to study HR 6819 over time to understand how these systems evolve, their characteristics, and how binary systems work in general.
“In future work, further monitoring of the system with GRAVITY will be crucial,” the authors write. GRAVITY is an interferometric instrument at the ESO’s VLT. It’s a powerful instrument that lets astronomers observe tiny details in faint objects. The research team says that GRAVITY will help them better constrain HR 6189’s orbit, distances, and masses.
The four Unit Telescopes that make up the ESO’s Very Large Telescope, at the Paranal ObservatoryImage: By ESO/H.H.Heyer [CC BY 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
“Together with higher-resolution spectroscopy, abundances of both stars could be derived,” they conclude. “With this information, HR 6819 would constitute a cornerstone object for comparing binary evolution models.”
Thanks to Observations, a Potentially Dangerous Asteroid was Found to be Harmless
Thanks to Observations, a Potentially Dangerous Asteroid was Found to be Harmless
Earlier this year, the discovery of a potentially hazardous asteroid took astronomers on a roller coaster ride.
On January 6, 2022, astronomers at the Mount Lemmon Observatory in Arizona discovered an asteroid roughly 70-meters (230 ft) across. Based on their initial observations, it appeared this object — called ‘2022 AE1’ – could potentially hit Earth on its next pass, on July 4, 2023.
Since any uncertainties in an asteroid’s orbit are highest in the hours just after its discovery, astronomers at several different observatories scrambled to make follow-up observations – which usually rule out any future impacts.
However, based on the first seven nights of observations, the chance of impact appeared to increase. Asteroid 2022 AE1 was flagged for a potential future impact by the Asteroid Orbit Determination (AstOD), an automated system astronomers around the world use to assess the asteroid risk. Furthermore, the asteroid was given one of the highest rankings on the Palermo Scale, a ranking which astronomers use to categories and prioritize impact risks. Both ESA and NASA published the information on their Near Earth Object (NEO) information portal websites, allowing anyone — such as interested amateur astronomers — to take a look.
The 60-inch telescope on Mount Lemmon is one of three telescopes used in the Catalina Sky Survey.Credit: University of Arizona.
Even more worry-inducing was the following week, where no observations could be made because the full Moon blocked out any views of this asteroid from Earth.
But thankfully, when the asteroid was able to be tracked again, the accumulating data on the asteroid’s path revealed the chance of impact was dramatically decreasing over time. It has since been confirmed that 2022 AE1 will not impact Earth any time in the foreseeable future.
“In my almost ten years at ESA I’ve never seen such a risky object,” said Marco Micheli, astronomer at ESA’s Near-Earth Object Coordination Centre (NEOCC). “It was a thrill to track 2022 AE1 and refine its trajectory until we had enough data to say for certain, this asteroid will not strike.”
So, exactly how were astronomers able to rule out a threat that initially seemed so certain?
The very first observation of an asteroid is just one data point, a single dot of light in the sky. At this point, it’s not clear what it is or where it’s going. Micheli explained that a second observation is needed to reveal an object in motion, and at least three are needed to determine an orbit – where it is going and how fast it is moving. Further observations refine the orbit a little more, reducing uncertainties until astronomers can be sure of where it won’t go: primarily to Earth.
To help make these determinations, astronomers use computer simulations to calculate the future orbital path of the asteroid, and input randomly chosen initial positions and velocities that fall within the margin of error of the observations so far. By creating a large number of simulations, astronomers can calculate the probability that any particular path will actually hit Earth. For example, if one million different possible orbits are simulated and just one of those leads to an impact, that means the odds of the asteroid hitting Earth are a million to one.
The global network of telescopes that search the skies for potentially hazardous asteroids and comets, which provides a near real-time assessment of any incoming risks. Credit: ESA
What usually happens is that with more observations and more data, the hazard zone narrows and the corridor of the asteroid’s future path moves away from Earth, dropping the risk percentage. And with the network of observatories around the world that are focused on planetary defense – i.e., searching the skies for incoming asteroids and comets – multiple observations and quickly rule out any space rocks that aren’t a threat.
In the case of 2022 AE1, observations after the Moon didn’t interfere provided the data needed to show that the risk level had showed the risk level With one single observation, the risk level crashed – getting close to zero – and with that, the team moved on.
“The data was clear, confirmed the next morning by our counterparts at NASA – asteroid 2022 AE1 poses no impact risk,” said Laura Faggioli, near-Earth object dynamicist in the NEOCC who computed the orbit of 2022 AE1 throughout the observation period. “Had 2022 AE1’s path remained uncertain we would have used any means possible to keep watching it with the biggest telescopes we have. As it was removed from our risk list, we didn’t need to follow it anymore – time to move onto the next.”
ESA said some keen observers will continue to monitor the asteroid, confirming the projections, we now know that in early July 2023, asteroid 2022 AE1 will fly by Earth at a distance of about ten million kilometres (+/- one million km) – more than 20 times the distance of the Moon.
So, although the odds of any one particular asteroid ever impacting Earth are quite low, it is still likely that one day our planet will be hit by an asteroid or experience a large airburst event like the Chelyabinsk meteor in 2013. At the current calculated rate of impacts, astronomers expect about one large asteroid to impact Earth every 100 million years or so. For that reason, both professional and amateur astronomers continue to scan the skies.
Lead image caption: Asteroid 2022 AE1 observed with the Calar Alto Schmidt telescope in Spain on the evening of 19 January 2022. Credit: ESA
A few years back I was reading a Forbes article about the artist Imbue. He creates ingenious art using modern technology like 3D printers, PC board and even price tags. He always adds a humorous and eye opening take on life in his art. In the article they had his Instagram link, so I followed him. This week he posted a short video of two ancient alien sculptures he created, and thats where our conversation began.
I said, "Wow! Ancient Aliens, love it! Hey Imbue, have you ever had a UFO sighting before? If so...can you tell me about it please?
Imbue responded two days later, "when I was younger I distinctly remember seeing a group of stationary lights in the sky. They moved slowly at first and then sped off, it was weird!"
I said, "Wow so awesome! Hey what city was the sighting over? Did anyone else see it too?"
Later Imbue answered, "it was in Surrey, UK where I grew up. No one was with me at the time, but I later learned there were official reports on multiple sightings in Surrey released by the Ministry of Defense from around the same time!"
I said, "Hey two final questions. Did the experience of that sighting change your outlook on life at all? How did this sighting impact on your artistic works over the years? Thanks so much for responding. It very kind of you."
Imbue responded, "the experience definitely got me thinking and it put things into perspective, Earth is a tiny dot in an infinite universe! I've made a few artworks about space, its definitely an inspiring subject."
I answered, " Hey thank you so much for taking the time to answer. The readers of UFO Sightings Daily will be delighted."
I was just blown away. He was very kind to take the time to give his expense and perspective on alien life. The artist Imbue admitted to not only seeing a fleet of UFOs when he was younger, but also to seeing the world differently afterwards and thus created some art about space, like his statues fittingly called Ancient Aliens. My hopes are that Imbues words will inspire others out there that have had sightings, but held the information back out of fear of ridicule. The truth will set you free, and it will inspire others to do the same.
Buried Ukraine ancient space ark in Kherson activates so Russia takes over
Buried Ukraine ancient space ark in Kherson activates so Russia takes over
According to Michael Salla of Ecopolitics, news reports have confirmed that the Russian army has captured the Ukrainian port city and region (oblast) of Kherson, where an ancient space ark is claimed to be buried.
Two independent sources, the space ark is buried under Oleshky Sands National Nature Park, which is only 25 km (15 miles) east of Kherson. The space ark is said to be activating and predicted to eventually begin flying into the air.
One source told Ecopolitics: "Don’t be surprised if it starts activation and probably gets to be one of the first ships to go up in the air. Everybody sees. Now that the nations in the world [attention] is … on Ukraine, this is probably going to be one the first one that’s going to go up, and everybody is going to see it. Everything is going to come to a halt. Everybody is going to be shocked because of this".
Mysterious Aircraft Spotted At Area 51 In Unprecedented Satellite Image
Mysterious Aircraft Spotted At Area 51 In Unprecedented Satellite Image
A delta-shaped tailless fighter-sized aircraft that looks like nothing we've seen before calls the secretive base home.
Roughly eight years since its construction began, the massive hangar located at the remote southern end of the Air Force's clandestine flight test center at Groom Lake, better known as Area 51, has seemed to have had little to no activity. Based on commercial satellite imagery and sporadic video taken by hikers from Tikaboo Peak dozens of miles away, there have never been more than a handful of vehicles nearby and nothing of significance in terms of infrastructure has been built up around it. Now, for the first time, satellite imagery from Planet Labs not only shows activity around the mysterious hangar, but the nature of that activity is a never-before-seen exotic delta-wing aircraft parked on its northern apron.
We came upon this development after doing our regular scans of Planet Labs' low-resolution imagery of various locales of interest across the globe. Area 51 is always a popular spot when it comes to publicly available satellite imagery. When glancing at daily 3-meter resolution images of the base we noticed the appearance of a roughly delta-shaped blob on the north apron of the large southern hangar. The first shot that contained this object was dated January 26th, 2022. Since we had never seen any action around this hangar, we found it odd. Maybe it was a large group of vehicles or some sort of new construction?
The blob remained there in Planet Labs' low-resolution imagery through the 28th. A high-resolution Planet Labs image, dated January 29th, 2022, told a much richer story — that the blob was actually an exotic delta-shaped aircraft under an unenclosed skeleton-like structure just sitting in the middle of the apron.
The structure itself is a modular/temporary aircraft shelter — similar to the one below — with its rear wall up but its top covering not installed. These are very common structures used around the globe, especially by the U.S. military.
The odd elongated blob on the north ramp of the big south hangar as seen on January 26th, 2022 in three-meter resolution imagery.
The blob remained there in Planet Labs' low-resolution imagery through the 28th. A high-resolution Planet Labs image, dated January 29th, 2022, told a much richer story — that the blob was actually an exotic delta-shaped aircraft under an unenclosed skeleton-like structure just sitting in the middle of the apron.
An overview of Area 51 and the location of the big south hangar where the mystery airframe was spotted.
The structure itself is a modular/temporary aircraft shelter — similar to the one below — with its rear wall up but its top covering not installed. These are very common structures used around the globe, especially by the U.S. military.
The aircraft in question measures roughly 65 feet long and 50 feet wide — about the size of a Su-27 Flanker — and has wings that are reminiscent of Concorde, with its elegantly curved 'ogival' leading edge. Even the mystery aircraft wing's trailing edges are curved, leading to almost scimitar-like wingtips that may be turned upward. Overall, the wings have a flowing, almost organic appearance.
ARPINGSTONE/WIKICOMMONS
Concorde with its almost s-curve-like 'ogival' wing design.
The aircraft has no discernable tail surfaces with what is likely its exhaust extending to the rear and blended with the curved trailing edges of the wings, providing something of a rear apex. Its forward fuselage tapers into what is most likely a pointed nose. There is no doubt about it, this is a fluid-looking design that would likely be very impressive to view close up.
As to what it could be, we don't know. But the size and shape are broadly similar to notional Next Generation Air Dominance (NGAD) and 6th generation fighter-related concepts we have seen — for both the USAF and the Navy — which are depicted as heavy, tailless, low-observable tactical jets with modified delta-wing planforms.
NORTHROP GRUMMAN
LOCKHEED MARTIN
BOEING
USAF
NORTHROP GRUMMAN
It has been officially disclosed that an NGAD demonstrator has been in flight testing for some time and has shown great promise, although the nature of this program remains widely misunderstood in the press. It is a family of systems, which will include long-range penetrating and possibly other unmanned combat air vehicles alongside what will likely be an optionally manned very-low observable platform that puts an emphasis on regional endurance and a sizeable payload, not high maneuverability, along with the latest in networking and sensor capabilities. This central tactical jet design could even come in two wing configurations.
These optionally manned and unmanned NGAD platforms will be developed together with a number of ancillary technologies that will enable them to fight cooperatively. So the idea that NGAD is a new 'fighter' seems to be more of a legacy term used for familiarity's sake than accuracy. In fact, the manned portion of the program will likely need a new descriptor altogether, although tradition may stand in the way of that happening.
That is just one secretive program that we know exists and generally matches the description, but there are many others underway we do not know any firm details about. Area 51 has multiple programs of varying sophistication and maturity underway at any given time. Those related to high-speed flight and unmanned capabilities are very likely what's keeping the facility the busiest these days, as well as continued work in general low observable aircraft flight test and foreign materiel exploitation (FME) initiatives.
The mystery aircraft's wing shape being so reminiscent of Concorde, along with what could be upturned 'rolled' wingtips, does seem to point to a highly efficient design that would have significant supercruise (flying beyond the speed of sound without the use of afterburner), if not outright very-high-speed capabilities. Development work in the high-speed flight realm has exploded in recent years, especially when it comes to hypersonic aircraft and missiles. Somewhat famously, Lockheed Martin's then CEO Marylin Hewson noted that the company could have an F-22-sized flying demonstrator for its hypersonic combined cycle engine ready for around $1B and in just a few years' time. That was back in 2016. What followed was a seemingly bizarre media push regarding the notional SR-72 hypersonic spy and attack drone. That initiative seems to have gone largely dark since then, but it is possible the aircraft we are seeing is that demonstrator. At least the size and timeline seem to fit.
On top of that, the Air Force is currently pursuing a hypersonic flight test program known as Mayhem. Details about this project are limited, but we do know it is tied into work relating to advanced high-speed jet engines and is seeking to build demonstrators configured to perform strike and intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) missions. This is all very much in line with how Lockheed Martin had described its vision for the SR-72.
Separately, China has pushed ahead with its own high-speed unmanned concepts, including the air-launched, rocket-powered WZ-8. That aircraft is also a delta-shaped design, although with large and very abrupt winglets. The WZ-8 is much smaller and has a more pure delta design than whatever we are seeing in the satellite image of Area 51.
CHINESE MILITARY
China's WZ-8.
Still, it isn't clear if the wing design seen in the satellite image would support such incredible speed, although there has been chatter for years about variable geometry wings for very high-speed aircraft, basically where the small wing extensions fold partially forward into the fuselage after takeoff and climb, greatly decreasing the span and basically leaving a highly-swept wedge-like diamond planform for very high-speed cruise. This would provide the best of both worlds and allow the aircraft to recover at speeds that would be feasible on large standard runways.
However, these concepts have been batted around for years and while one can could see how it could work with this basic design, if the wingtips are upturned, it would make such a configuration seem like a remote possibility. Regardless, even a static-wing aircraft that can supercruise very efficiently at supersonic speeds would be a major capability advantage.
Throughout the latter half of the 2000s, the USAF was highly focused on procuring UCAV capabilities, largely seen as a historic leap in air combat history, before all mention of such initiatives disappeared around the turn of the decade. It is possible that all development and testing of these hugely promising technologies were scaled back in a classified realm and moved to secret testing locations. If that is not the case, the Air Force has an even bigger problem as we highlighted in this special feature.
So, while the aircraft's planform matches most closely with NGAD's centerpiece platform, and we know for a fact that type is flying, we have no real idea if it is related to that program. We can't even say for certain what this aircraft's objectives are beyond what we can gather generally from its planform and our analysis is still in a very preliminary state.
All that being said, we must underscore that spotting a totally new and exotic aircraft design in the open at Area 51 is largely unprecedented, and for very good reason. It is widely known that those who run the facility are masters at concealing what they need to conceal. The place literally wrote the book on clandestine flight test operations going back to the dawn of the U-2 spy plane. They know when every imaging satellite is passing over and refine their operations, much of which occurs under the cover of darkness, accordingly.
Area 51 garners massive interest from the public as well as foreign countries, both allied and not, all of which have access to imaging satellite capabilities. In other words, they know they are being watched every single day overhead. While vague glimpses of mysterious objects in the shadows may have occurred, it's very unlike them to leave a highly-sensitive test article just sitting on a vacant apron for any imaging satellite or even onlooker from afar to gawk at. This prompts a very intriguing question—why was this airframe left out in the open at all?
One could argue that the intention was for this aircraft to be seen. With all the strategic signaling going on these days, that would not be out of the realm of possibility. Certainly, similar sightings have occurred at foreign developmental airfields, but they are not the same as Area 51. In fact, considering where this happened and the facility's long record of perfection when it comes to hiding everything it needs to from satellites overhead, this would seem far more probable than possible.
One other idea that came to mind is that this could be one of the many long-retired prototype aircraft that are thought to be stored at Area 51 after their testing career has come to a close. They are the lucky ones, others are said to be buried all around the highly restricted grounds—too costly to declassify and no room for them to be stored. Due to the odd placement of the non-covered shelter, the only thing we can think of is maybe one of these planes is being used to test a new towable shelter system, but that really doesn't add up either. Those aircraft would still be undisclosed and they can just use one of the F-16s based there or another mundane aircraft to do that.
As for what's in the big hangar nearby the mystery aircraft, we still have no idea. Its tall and elongated dimensions, as well as its secluded locale, have caused much speculation as to what it was built to hold, but its location may point to something of extreme sensitivity, both in terms of secrecy and potentially physical volatility.
Everything from some sort of new high-speed aircraft that may run on especially volatile fuel to a parasite two-stage-to-orbit mothership concept has been floated. What is clear is that the structure is very opposite of the wide and low-slung hangars commonly associated with subsonic low-observable aircraft, like stealth bombers and high-flying surveillance aircraft. Maybe it houses a mothership for which the aircraft we are seeing is lifted onto and is lofted into the air, similar to the WZ-8 concept. Once again, that would at least explain the hangar's high and elongated dimensions. We just don't know.
NASA
Rumors of a mothership-parasite high-speed or space launch aircraft working out of Area 51 have persisted for decades.
Some have also posited the hangar is a giant scoot-and-hide shelter designed to get test aircraft out of the view of satellites overhead prior to taking off and after landing. Building such a large and fully enclosed structure for that purpose seems odd, especially considering its size. A large vehicle that would make full use of it would have to live inside a hangar nearby at the main ramp anyway. Still, it's a possibility.
Finally, it's possible that what goes on inside is something of its own unique testing operation — some sort of static signature testing facility or another advanced diagnostic capability in a highly controlled and secure environment. Facilities of a similar nature exist at other far less reclusive test bases. But this too seems somewhat unlikely considering Area 51's focus on actual flight testing. Historically, that kind of work is done elsewhere. This reality also reduces the possibility that the aircraft we are seeing in the satellite image is some sort of a non-flying mockup.
In fact, the lack of any sort of significant activity or further development around the big southern hangar has also led to some speculation that whatever it was built for either failed or never even made it into testing at all. Such an assertion is hard to quantify considering much of the testing occurs at night at the base and it is quite an elaborate facility to build just to abandon, although that is certainly possible. Even so, that's not to say something hasn't taken its place in the better part of a decade since its completion.
So, while we may have a truly unprecedented satellite image to examine, that's about all we have at this point. The rest is just up to speculation. But still, this image serves as the rarest of visual reminders that amazing aviation history continues to be made out at America's most secretive air base.
What do you think this aircraft's purpose is? Does it look like any concept art you have seen in the past? Let us know in the comments below!
Author's note: Updated explanation of structure as there seemed to be some confusion as to what it was.
UPDATE:
While the shelter still showed up in low-resolution satellite imagery from Planet Labs up until January 31st, it did not appear in the next available image, dated February 2nd. A high-resolution satellite image taken on February 3rd confirms, without a doubt, that it has been moved. The temporary shelter and the aircraft spotted in it appear nowhere else on the base. One additional note, while we could see the shelter in low-resolution images, we cannot say for sure if the aircraft spotted inside of it on January 28th was there when the low-resolution images were taken.
Ancient Reptilians: The Unanswered Mystery of the 7,000-Year-Old Ubaid Lizardmen
Ancient Reptilians: The Unanswered Mystery of the 7,000-Year-Old Ubaid Lizardmen
It is a commonly accepted view in mainstream archaeology that civilization started in ancient Mesopotamia with the great civilization of Sumerin what is now modern-day Iraq. However, at the beginning of the 20th century, archaeologists excavating at Tell Al’Ubaid in Iraq made an unusual discovery when they unearthed several 7,000-year-old artifacts which appear to represent humanoid figures with reptilian features.
Examples of the Ubaid lizardmen discovered in Iraq.
The Ubaidian culture is a prehistoric culture in Mesopotamia that dates between 4000 and 5500 BC. As with the Sumerians, the origins of the Ubaidian people is unknown. They lived in large village settlements in mud-brick houses and they had developed architecture, agriculture and farmed the land using irrigation.
The domestic architecture of the Ubaidians included large T-shaped houses, open courtyards, paved streets, as well as food processing equipment. According to the Metropolitan Museum of Art , some of these villages began to develop into towns, temples began to appear, as well as monumental buildings such as in Eridu, Ur and Uruk, the major sites of the Sumerian Civilization. Sumerian texts explain that Ur was believed to be the first city.
Tell al-Ubaid is a small tell discovered near Ur in southern Iraq.
(David Stanley / CC BY 3.0)
Discovering Ubaid Lizardmen Figurines at Tell Al’Ubaid
The main site where the unusual artifacts were discovered is called Tell Al’Ubaid – although figurines were also found in Ur and Eridu. The Al’Ubaid site is a small mound of about half a kilometer (0.3 mi) in diameter and two meters (6.56 ft) above ground. First excavated by Harry Reginald Hal in 1919, male and female figurines were found in different postures. Most of the figurines appear to be wearing a helmet and have some kind of padding on the shoulders.
Other figurines were found to hold a staff or scepter, possibly as a symbol of justice and ruling. Each figurine has a different pose but the strangest of all is that some female figurines hold babies suckling milk, with the child also represented as a lizard-type creature.
Lizard-headed nude woman nursing a child, from Ur, Iraq, c. 4000 BC, now at Iraq Museum.
The figurines are presented with long heads, almond shaped eyes, long tapered faces and a lizard-type nose. What exactly they represent is completely unknown. According to archaeologists, their postures, such as a female figure breast-feeding, do not suggest that they were ritualistic objects. So what did these Ubaid lizardmen represent?
Whatever they were, they appear to have been important to the ancient Ubaidian people. We know that the serpent was a major symbol used in many societies to represent a number of gods, for example, the Sumerian god Enki, and the snake was used later on as the symbol for the Brotherhood of the Snake , supposedly an ancient secret society. Is there a link between the symbol of the snake and the representations of lizards? For now, these questions remain unanswered.
Quantum Gravity Sensor Breakthrough Paves Way for Groundbreaking Map of World Under Earth’s Surface
Quantum Gravity Sensor Breakthrough Paves Way for Groundbreaking Map of World Under Earth’s Surface
ByUNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM
A perspective of future gravity cartography being used with 0.5 m spatial resolution over a region, at an uncertainty level of 20 E. Expected signal sizes for a range of applications are shown.
Credit: Stray et al. 2022 Nature DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04315-3
An object hidden below ground has been located using quantum technology — a long-awaited milestone with profound implications for industry, human knowledge, and national security.
University of Birmingham researchers from the UK National Quantum Technology Hub in Sensors and Timing have reported their achievement in Nature. It is the first in the world for a quantum gravity gradiometer outside of laboratory conditions.
The quantum gravity gradiometer, which was developed under a contract for the Ministry of Defence and in the UKRI-funded Gravity Pioneer project, was used to find a tunnel buried outdoors in real-world conditions one meter below the ground surface. It wins an international race to take the technology outside.
The sensor works by detecting variations in microgravity using the principles of quantum physics, which is based on manipulating nature at the sub-molecular level.
The success opens a commercial path to significantly improved mapping of what exists below ground level.
This will mean:
Reduced costs and delays to construction, rail, and road projects.
Improved prediction of natural phenomena such as volcanic eruptions.
Discovery of hidden natural resources and built structures.
Understanding archaeological mysteries without damaging excavation.
Professor Kai Bongs, Head of Cold Atom Physics at the University of Birmingham and Principal Investigator of the UK Quantum Technology Hub Sensors and Timing, said: “This is an ‘Edison moment’ in sensing that will transform society, human understanding, and economies.
“With this breakthrough we have the potential to end reliance on poor records and luck as we explore, build and repair. In addition, an underground map of what is currently invisible is now a significant step closer, ending a situation where we know more about Antarctica than what lies a few feet below our streets.”
Current gravity sensors are limited by a range of environmental factors. A particular challenge is vibration, which limits the measurement time of all gravity sensors for survey applications. If these limitations can be addressed, surveys can become faster, more comprehensive, and lower cost.
How the quantum gravity sensor works
The quantum gravity sensor measures subtle changes in the pulling strength of gravitational fields when a cloud of atoms is dropped. The bigger the object and the greater the difference in density of the object from its surroundings, the stronger the measurable difference in pull. But vibration, instrument tilt and disruption from magnetic and thermal fields have made turning quantum theory into commercial reality challenging. The Birmingham quantum sensor breakthrough is the first to meet these real-world challenges and perform a high spatial resolution survey. The removal of noise due to vibration will unlock gravity mapping at high spatial resolution.
The sensor developed by Dr. Michael Holynski, Head of Atom Interferometry at Birmingham and lead author of the study, and his team at Birmingham is a gravity gradiometer. Their system overcomes vibration and a variety of other environmental challenges in order to successfully apply quantum technology in the field.
The successful detection, realized in collaboration with civil engineers led by Professor Nicole Metje of the School of Engineering, is the culmination of a long-term development program that has been closely linked to end-users from its outset.
This breakthrough will allow future gravity surveys to be cheaper, more reliable, and delivered 10 times faster, reducing the time needed for surveys from a month to a few days. It has the potential to open a range of new applications for gravity survey, providing a new lens into the underground.
Professor George Tuckwell, Director for Geoscience and Engineering at RSK, said: “Detection of ground conditions such as mine workings, tunnels, and unstable ground is fundamental to our ability to design, construct and maintain housing, industry, and infrastructure. The improved capability that this new technology represents could transform how we map the ground and deliver these projects”
Dr. Gareth Brown, joint Project Technical Authority for Quantum Sensing and Senior Principal Scientist at Dstl, said: “For national Defence and Security, accurate and rapid measurements of variations in microgravity open up new opportunities to detect the otherwise undetectable and navigate more safely in challenging environments. As gravity sensing technology matures, applications for underwater navigation and revealing the subterranean will become possible.”
Reference: “Quantum sensing for gravity cartography” by Ben Stray, Andrew Lamb, Aisha Kaushik, Jamie Vovrosh, Anthony Rodgers, Jonathan Winch, Farzad Hayati, Daniel Boddice, Artur Stabrawa, Alexander Niggebaum, Mehdi Langlois, Yu-Hung Lien, Samuel Lellouch, Sanaz Roshanmanesh, Kevin Ridley, Geoffrey de Villiers, Gareth Brown, Trevor Cross, George Tuckwell, Asaad Faramarzi, Nicole Metje, Kai Bongs and Michael Holynski, 23 February 2022, Nature. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04315-3
The breakthrough is a collaboration between the University of Birmingham, environmental, engineering and sustainability solutions provider RSK, Dstl (the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, part of the UK Ministry of Defence), and technology company Teledyne e2v. The project is funded by UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) as part of the UK National Quantum Technologies Program and under contract from the Ministry of Defence.
Titan's unique surface, possibly an abode to life, is seen here in this artist's concept.
Jurik Peter/Shutterstock
If all the worlds in our solar system entered an Earth impersonation contest, Titanwould steal the show. Sure, human visitors to Saturn’s largest moon would die instantly without supplemental oxygen and protection against the cold — a frigid -290 degrees Fahrenheit — but the similarities shouldn’t be discounted. With a rich trove of organic molecules and weather patterns resembling our own, scientists consider Titan one of the likeliest harbors for extraterrestrial life.
NASA’s Cassini spacecraft did capture more than a decade of data on Titan while orbiting Saturn alongside it. And in 2026 the agency plans to launch a drone, called the Dragonfly, which will scour the moon’s surface for signs of chemical processes that could breathe life into inanimate material. That mission won’t land until 2034, however.
In the meantime, a research team led by chemists at Southern Methodist University is studying those same processes here on Earth. In the decidedly non-celestial setting of a Dallas, Texas, laboratory, they’ve created what they call Titan-in-a-test-tube: the conditions of a remote, exotic world reproduced in a tiny glass cylinder.
A familiar scene
Naturally, that’s no small task. Even Tomče Runčevski, the experiment’s principal investigator, doesn’t claim a perfect understanding of the environment. “It is incredibly difficult to mimic Titan,” he said at the fall meeting of the American Chemical Society, acknowledging that they don’t even know how many chemicals exist there. But, he added, “it's better to start from something, and then to build on that.”
What we do know is that beneath the smoggy, orange haze that masks the world below, Titan is a wondrous place. It’s the only moon with a substantial atmosphere, which, like Earth’s, is composed mostly of nitrogen. It’s also the only other heavenly body of any kind known to sport liquid rivers, lakes and seas on its surface — though they obviously aren’t made of H2O, which freezes at temperatures well above those on Titan. “On Earth we have water,” Runčevski said. “On Titan, the same role of water is played by methane.”
These streams and pools give rise to a climate with hydrological cycles similar to the ones that sustain us. Methane evaporates from the surface, condenses in the atmosphere and rains down to refill the reservoirs from which it came. It's a reprise of our own home planet in its early years, before these same phenomena somehow begat the world we see today. If it happened here, why not there?
Foundations of life
After replicating these features in the test tube, the researchers added two carbon-based compounds believed to be mixed in with all that methane: acetonitrile and propionitrile. Despite their status as common organic solvents, familiar to any chemist, their structures as solids are poorly understood. But Runčevski and his colleagues found that on Titan, they are typically polarized mineral crystals and could serve as templates for the assembly of other organic compounds — a gathering with the potential to generate biotic matter.
Rather than speculate on the possibility of alien life, though, Runčevski prefers to focus on demystifying its origins. “In my opinion, for now we cannot answer that question,” he said. “There is so much to be learned about the basics of what can lead to life — what is there on Titan, what was there on Earth when life started.” A better grasp of how compounds like acetonitrile and propionitrile behave under various circumstances could help with modeling prebiotic chemistry.
An improved picture of the moon’s conditions — the nature of its terrain, what chemicals are present and in what form — could also yield useful insights for the Dragonfly mission. “We’ll learn something about the next of kin to Earth, and I do believe that’s very important,” Runčevski said, reiterating that Titan may be our best bet in the search for galactic neighbors. “In order to detect that life, in order to understand it … we do need to know a little bit more about how this surface would look like.”
Space oddities: Curiousity finds a Mars flower, Yutu 2 locates glass balls on the Moon
Space oddities: Curiousity finds a Mars flower, Yutu 2 locates glass balls on the Moon
It’s amazing the sorts of things you can find on planetary surfaces humans haven’t spent very much time. Or have they? Nah, there’s no evidence of intelligent life on Mars and the Moon. Heck, there’s barely evidence of intelligent life on Earth. But, like our blue-and-green planet, there are a few strange things to be found. Thanks to space travel, the internet, and cameras, we even get to take a look at some of it.
NASA and China’s own CNSA have both located some oddities — Mars plays host to a flower (of sorts), while someone’s been dropping marbles on the Moon. More or less.
Space for a garden
NASA’s Curiosity rover came across something curious in its expeditions last month. That’d be, according to NASA’s Jet Propulsion Labs, a flower. Now, that’s not an actual flower, obviously. If there were photosynthesis taking place off-world, it would certainly be a more visible announcement. Besides the other events dominating the news, plant life on Mars would be world-changingly huge.
NASA’s discovery is, as with most planets where nothing’s going on, a geological one. The formation, captured last month by the Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) camera, only looks kinda flowery. Or, more accurately, a little sea-weedy. This is appropriate since this particular space oddity was formed by water. Specifically, it was “…formed when mineralizing fluids traveled through conduits in the rock”. It is valuable to NASA because it helps explain how water behaved in the Gale Crater that Curiosity is exploring. Back when there was water on the Martian surface, of course.
Space Balls 2: The Fall of Yogurt
The China National Space Administration (CNSA), not to be left out, has also located something strange out in space. Not too far away, mind you. Its Yutu 2 lunar rover has sent back images it snapped of the lunar surface. Normally there’s just dust and rocks, but now there’s also glass to look at. Yes, it’s naturally-occurring glass. Yes, that’s an actual thing. It’s made here on Earth by various warm things, like volcanos, lighting strikes, and asteroid or meteor strikes.
It’s this latter explanation that is most likely to blame for these two up-to-2.5cm glass spheres sighted by Yutu 2 in the Von Kármán crater. Dr. Zhiyong Xiao of Sun Yat-sen University said, “Such glass globules should be commonly produced by ancient impact basins on the Moon, so their compositions and isotopic ages will be highly valuable to understand the early impact history.”
There are likely to be loads of glass marbles littering the Moon, which is a bizarre thing to know. Meteor strikes from space are common on the lunar surface and these orbs are likely created by most of them. The Apollo astronauts even brought a few back from their mission to the lunar surface. But, Xiao says, the existence of these space marbles is good news for potential building material on the lunar surface.
“The first discovery of macro-sized translucent glass globules on the Moon confirms that lunar anorthosites are excellent raw materials to manufacture glasses with good light-admitting quality.” Translated: We have everything we need to make space-glass. After that, glasshouses. And then no stone-throwing, okay? We’ve heard that’s bad.
Special reports are: Wanaque Reservoir UFOs, Alien Civilization on Mars similar to Egypt, Russia attacks Ugraine.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Iowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan. Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Texas, Vermont, Washington D.C. and Wisconsin.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Australia, Canada, Mexico, New Zealand Space, and England in the United Kingdom, and United Arab Republic.
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force and DOD investigated UFOs for more than forty years; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFOs are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
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Special Projects
THE WANAQUE RESERVOIR 1966 UFOs
PHOTO BY (INSET): Claude Coutant
Photo Credit: COURTESY: Anthony Bragalia (UFOExplorations.com)
WANAQUE, N.J.– .“On the night of 11 January 1966, hundreds of residents of Wanaque, New Jersey reported observing a strange, large white light which maneuvered over the local Reservoir,” wrote The APRO Bulletin
A once-anonymous photographer who 65 years ago snapped a shot of what observers called a UFO over the Wanaque Reservoir has been identified.
“Claude Coutant was the name of the individual who took at least five photos of the Wanaque Reservoir craft in late December 1966, including the ‘beam’ shot.”January 12, 1966 ice covers Reservoir
UFOs ad been seen entering and leaving the Wanaque Reservoir for several months. The reservoir was created with the damming of the Wanaque River and its tributaries in 1928, by Raymond Dam creating 2,310 acres of water surface and capturing 29.6 billion gallons of water. Parts of the reservoir are 90 feet deep where UFOs seemed to hide. In January 1966, a cold snap froze the reservoir and apparently trapped UFOs under the ice.
Bragalia said he got unreleased images taken by Coutant, along with his identity, from a woman who once worked for the Star-Ledger – who said she got it from a woman who’d been engaged to the 46-year-old factory worker. Coutant, died in 1986,
Police Chief John Casazza was quoted as saying at the time. “It was a bright white light. It was funnel-shaped. It seemed to come out of some object, like a funnel,” Casazza reportedly said. “In other words, it spread out as if it were focused through a telescope. It was narrow at one end in the sky and spread out into a very wide beam at it approached our upper gate house at the Dam.”
Transcript of Police radio calls and beam stopping before hitting the water and a cube-like area beneath the surface.
Residents of the Passaic County borough about 6:30pm Tuesday night after sunset had darkened the Ramapo Mountain Range. Wanaque Patrolman Joseph Cisco was in his cruiser when a call from the Pompton Lakes dispatcher came over his police radio. It was a report of a “glowing light, possibly a fire.” Then as if right out of a sci-fi movie Cisco heard the words: “People in Oakland, Ringwood, Paterson, Totowa, and Butler claim there’s a flying saucer over the Wanaque.”
“I pulled into the sandpit, an undeveloped area to get my bearings,” Cisco recalls. “There was a light that looked bigger than any of the stars, about the size of a softball or volleyball. It was a pulsating, white, stationary light changing to red. It stayed in the air; there was no noise. I was trying to figure out what it was.”
Wanaque Mayor Harry T. Wolfe, Councilmen Warren Hagstrom and Arthur Barton, and the Mayor’s 14-year-old son Billy were on their way to oversee the burning of the borough’s Christmas trees, when they heard the reports that something “very white, very bright, and much bigger than a star” was hovering over the Wanaque Reservoir. They decided to pull into a sandpit near the Raymond Dam to meet Officer Cisco and get a better look at the ‘thing.’ The Mayor’s son Billy spotted the object at once, flying low and gliding “oddly” over the vast frozen lake “like a huge star.” “But it didn’t flicker,” Billy told reporters. “It was just a continuous light that changed from white to red to green and back to white.”
Mayor Wolfe stated “The phenomenon was terribly strange with the shape of the as oval.”
Officer Cisco is in his patrol ca with police calls from all over a 20-mile radius flooding in. Cisco radioed Officer George Dykman, who was on patrol nearby. Just as Dykman received Cisco’s message, two teenagers came running up to his patrol car frantically pointing at the sky and shouting “Look, look!”
Ice on Wanaque Reservoir
At that moment Wanaque Civil Defense Director Bentley Spencer drove up with CD member Richard Vrooman. “The Police radios are all jammed up!” Spencer said excitedly. Dykman and Spencer gaped at the sky along with Michael Sloat, 16, and Peter Melegrae, 15. “What the heck is it?” Dykman wondered aloud. “Never seen anything like it in my life.”
Back at the sandpit Joseph Cisco’s radio crackled“Something’s burning a hole in the ice! Something with a bright light on it, going up and down!” Then another transmission fought its way through the din: “Oh boy! Something just landed in front of the dam!”
Spencer and reservoir employee Fred Steines raced to the top of the 1,500-foot-long Raymond Dam where they described seeing “a bolt of light shoot down, as if attracted to the water…like a beam emitted from a porthole.”
Patrolman Cisco, Mayor Wolfe, and Town Councilmen Hagstrom and Barton climbed to the top of the dam to get a better look.
“There was something up there that was awful bright.” Hagstrom recalls. “We don’t know what it was. We thought it was a helicopter, but we didn’t hear a motor. It looked like a helicopter with big landing lights on. We got goose bumps all over when we saw where the hole was.”
According to John Shuttle, another Councilman who witnessed the UFO, there was no doubt about it: He said. “I saw it, a brilliant white object, two to three feet across, and its color – no, not color, shade – it kept changing.”
Curious residents began to congregate around the entrance to the reservoir hoping to catch a glimpse of the mysterious flying object. Traffic slowed to a crawl and then stopped and watched.
Reservoir Police Lt. George Destito was forced to close the main gate of the reservoir to keep out swarms of onlookers.
Cisco recalls. He and the other town officials stood on top of the dam watching the strange light. Then, without warning, it sped off to the southeast toward Wayne.
Before the sun came up the next day Joseph Cisco would see the bright light once more. At about 4am on the morning of January 12, he saw the object moving south along the horizon over the town of Wyckoff.
He and Wanaque Police Sgt. David Sisco would take turns looking at it through a pair of binoculars.
Depiction of New Jersey Ice Hole
WANAQUE RESERVOIR — Nick Stefano wrote, I have been a fan of your Files for years and wanted to tell you about a January 1966, Wanaque sighting. I have a police officer friend who was called in as a back-up. He shared with me that he saw with his own eyes, a perfectly round hole in the foot thick ice that was 30 to 35 feet diameter. Now I have read other reports stating it was 30 to 50 feet ice hole. He was also threatened by the military if he took or had any photos of this.
He stated, The hole was like a cookie cutter without any trace of ice in the water and just perfectly round. Thanks to Nick Stefano,
Both the Chief of the reservoir police force (John Casazza) and newsman Howard L. Ball denied there was a hole in the ice. They may have been threatened, been in the wrong location or the hole had quickly frozen over. Often leaders fail to acknowledge what the workers see.
Policeman Charles Theodora 20-year-old first spotted an object from the Reservoir Station a few minutes after seven o´clock on January 11, 1966, “the size of a street light…it raced about six miles up and down the dam at supersonic speed. At one point, it flashed a ray or beam of light on the ice. When Patrolman Al Campana and I rushed to investigate, we found a hole in the ice about 40 to 50 feet in diameter.”
The beam image from the UFO had dark and bright patches and streaks are present all over. In spite of the fact that Bragalia repeatedly calls these pictures “originals,” these are not prints from an original negative but photographs from a photograph.
A most impressive-looking picture with thought to be taken over the Wanaque Reservoir on January 1966.
These beams of light have been photographed in other situations where abductees along with stones, cattle, grass, and anything not nailed down are vacuumed up into the craft. The beam may also be designed to cut or heat up the ice and eventually vacuum the ice up. No ice was seen outside the hole in the ice.
One abductee described leaving a ship in the beam was similar to parachuting that before hitting the ground the beam stopped the fall and provided a soft landing. He also felt the side of the beam that felt strong like metal. So the beam of light has many uses and could have made the hole. Fishermen claim they have seen fish and water being taken up. Hunters claim large animals such as elk, moose were taken on board and later found with their blood drained. It’s likely the beam was designed to free a UFO caught under the ice.
Coutant would not have faked the photographs, explains Bragalia, because, in the opinion of M.E his girlfriend., he was “not a very bright who displayed a lack of ‘intelligence. He was morally straight, and insisted on anonymity. “
Second Beam darkerphoto showing more of wrinkled ice
With regard to the quasi-horizontal lines crossing the lower part of the beam. The lines are wrinkles that are due to a glossy photograph having been folded. Segments of the lines continue as darker lines inside the beam.
This proves that the prints that Bragalia obtained are actually photos from other prints, not originals. One will also notice that in this print one of the wrinkles goes past the photographed frame but stops where the actual frame begins.
According to Mary E., Coutant’s girlfriend told her “He had shown people his photo right after he took it. He wanted people to know it was photographed, but he was a simple man and did not want to get too involved either. Therefore, he showed it to some folks in the County right after it was developed. Roberts made prints of the originals. “He used them for various publications, as we know. Roberts died April 1994. “Coutant did not want his name associated with the pictures as he was a very private man. Thanks V. Ballester Olmos. (UFOExplorations.com)
Alien Civilization on Mars similar to Egypt
Note similarity between Egyptian Pharaoh Ramses statue left and Mars statue right.
There is convincing evidence on Mars that any similar structures exist on Mars. Ramses the Great became Pharaoh Ramses II from (1304 B.C – 1214 B.C), in his twenties and ruled for 66 years being one of the most powerful Pharaohs. Later he proclaimed himself god and is the pharaoh that ruled during the time of the Biblical Exodus of the Israelites.
Rameses and Moses
The Israelites were slaves that are forced to work for the Pharaoh. The Hebrew God Yahweh helps them by imposing the Ten Plagues upon ancient Egypt, after which the Israelites manage to escape the Egyptian army by the Crossing of the Red Sea. Any object that flies in the sky is called a cloud, but the cloud at the Red Sea held an intelligent being.
Exodus 13-19 Then the angel of God who was going before the host of Israel moved and went behind them, and the pillar of cloud moved from before them and stood behind them, 20 coming between the host of Egypt and the host of Israel. And there was the cloud and the darkness. And it lit up the night[b] without one coming near the other all night.
Depiction of Red Sea parting by pillar or cylinder
It is thought the Exodus of the Israelites took place with the help of a cylinder or pillar shaped UFO when Ramses was Pharaoh. Known as the departure of the Israelites from Egypt, this event is considered to have happened under the reign of Ramses II.
Scientists found evidence for the existence of the notorious ten plagues of Egypt and chariots under the sea at that time. The Ramses like statue, pyramids, a sphinx, on Mars suggests travel occurred between the two planets.
King Solomon the greatest and wisest King of Israel had two columns erected to honor the UFO on both coasts 400 years after the miracle crossing from Egypt.
Two columns’ were built by King Solomon over 3,000 years ago that are still standing that resemble the UFO Cylinders we see today.
The King reigned from 970 BCE to 931 B
Mars statue was a relative of Ramses with the same head shape. There is also convincing evidence of time travel from the future or past, which allows an alien to travel from Mars in less than an hour.
Cydonia area of Mars with face and pyramids
A sufficiently advanced alien culture could live anywhere in our solar system with almost no restrictions from climate. Simply by parking a well-equipped ship with advanced life support systems, it would be possible to survive in almost any planet in space or under the sea. Evidence for alien life is bountiful in our space images of certain areas as I have demonstrated many times in recent years. I am absolutely sure that the powers that be are aware of a certain presence, but pretend to ignore it. So as to not reveal our inability to respond to what is likely to be vastly superior technology. Joe White 2020. ArtAlienTV
Sphinx like structure on Mars
Some of the structures on Mars, predominantly in the Cydonia region, such as the sphinx -like “face”, the octagonal, “pyramids”, oddly shaped craters and “obelisks” may indicate that Mars was once home to a thriving civilization/ There are sphinxes, pyramids and other structures on Mars that corroborate the idea of an ancient civilization that once called the home.
Ancient gods Advanced Scientific Knowledge
Valerie Lesley PhD, writes, “Sobek was the name of the reptilian Egyptian crocodile god. Most often he is shown as a crocodile with a man’s body and the sun disc of Re.
Dr. David Hawkins writes, Of all the planets in our solar system, Mars has arguably had the biggest impact on, and most persistent hold over, the human imagination. Cairo means Mars.
No discussion regarding NASA attempt to blur images or space missions in general, would be complete without at least mentioning Richard Hoagland’s work exposing the occultic agenda behind the early US space program. Hoagland reminds us that one of the key rocket scientists of the time and the founder of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab (JPL) at Caltech was Jack Parsons, a devout disciple of Aleister Crowley’s Thelema religion with an intense interest in the occult and black magic.
Parsons was also friends with L. Ron Hubbard. Allegedly, the two of them engaged in magical rituals aimed at conjuring spirits and other supernatural beings. Hubbard went on to found the Scientology cult, which, incidentally, at its upper levels, teaches about ancient space wars and malevolent extraterrestrials.
Jack Parsons is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in the history of the US space program and was a big advocate of manned space flight and exploration. But his interests in the occult were intertwined with the work he did at JPL? Caltech itself has a fascinating and deeply occult history with one of its early scientists being the renowned astronomer, George Ellery Hale, who had a fascination with ancient Egypt, sun worship and the mysterious pharaoh, Akhenaten.
Sun-disk
Defying centuries of traditional worship of numerous Egyptian gods, Pharaoh Akhenaten decreed during his reign in the mid-14th century B.C.E. that his subjects were to worship only one god: the sun-disk .He also claimed to receive messages from interdimensional beings.
Hoagland’s book, Dark Mission, details many more occult connections surrounding the early space race and the eventual moon landing, including the astrological significance of the launch days and the odd rituals performed by astronaut and freemason, Buzz Aldrin. he brought a flag from the Supreme Council Scottish Rite to the moon, and there are rumors he brought several Masonic scarfs as well, which now sit in Masonic lodges
It’s also worth mentioning that Werner Von Braun, the rocket scientist authored a novel in 1953 about a young man who leads a manned mission to colonize Mars. The name of that young man was “Elon.” SpaceX founder, Elon Musk has asserted himself as the front man who will reach Mars by 2026). The name Elon means God loves the individual.
There are further curious connections that indicate there may be more than meets the eye behind the rise of Elon Musk and SpaceX.
.Let’s return to Mars, for there are other geological features on its surface, besides the face and seemingly man-made structures, that seem to defy any possibility of a natural formation. For example, there is the presence of rectangular craters, objects that look like monoliths, and the strangest of them all, the colossal canyon known as the “Valles Marineris”.
The Valles Marineris canyon on the surface of Mars. No attribution required.
In his illuminating book, The Cosmic War: Interplanetary Warfare, Dr. Joseph Farrell describes the Valles Marineris as a “gashing wound that is over 3,000km long and 300km wide, with parts of it reaching 8km deep. Valles Merineris is a geological mystery, it’s the largest canyon in the entire solar system –Dr. Farrell claims it also constitutes evidence of a cosmic war in our ancient past, fought with weapons of mass destruction, a tale relayed to us in worldwide ancient texts.
Some of the structures on Mars, predominantly in the Cydonia region, such as the sphinxlike “face,” the octagonal “pyramids”, oddly shaped craters and “obelisks” indicate that Mars was once home to a thriving civilization. Furthermore, the presence on Mars’ surface of “war wounds” may indicate that this civilization wielded weapons of mass destruction, and, therefore, was incredibly technologically advanced and had the ability to reach Earth.
This, combined with the strangeness surrounding the early space race, the occult aspects of NASA, and the revelations of ancient texts and astrological lore, leads one to conclude that there is likely more to the Mars agenda than a billionaire who wants to save the world (you know, because “climate change” is going to kill us all).
Could the push to get to Mars show a desire to recover some remnants of this ancient civilization, conduct mining, and more importantly, the advanced technology that it wielded? Thanks to NewBraveWorld.org
Dr. David Hawkins
Putin Attacks Ukraine
Surprise and shock by Soviet tanks with maximum lethal force
KYIV, Ukraine (AP) — Russia launched a wide-ranging attack on Ukraine on Thursday, February 24, 2022 as predicted, hitting cities and bases with airstrikes or shelling, as civilians piled into trains and cars to flee. Ukraine’s government said Russian tanks and troops rolled across the border in a “full-scale war” that could rewrite the geopolitical order and whose fallout already reverberated around the world.
In unleashing Moscow’s most aggressive action since the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979, President Vladimir Putin deflected global condemnation and cascading new sanctions — and chillingly referred to his country’s nuclear arsenal. He threatened any foreign country attempting to interfere with “consequences you have never seen.”
Sirens wailed in Ukraine’s capital, large explosions were heard there and in other cities, and people massed in train stations and took to roads, as the government said the former Soviet republic was seeing a long-anticipated invasion from the east, north and south. Within hours of the first word of the attack, Ukraine said it was fighting Russian troops just miles from the capital for control of a strategic airport.
Satellite images taken on Monday March 1st, show a Russian military convoy north of the Ukrainian capital of Kyiv that stretches for about 40 miles (64 km), longer than the 17 miles (27 km).
A major attack is developing on Kyiv that will include shelling and bombing. Additional ground forces deployments and ground attack helicopter units were seen in northern Ukraine, less than 20 miles from Kyiv.
Michaels Cathedral Kyiv
The beautiful buildings in Kyiv are going to be destroyed with the Russian bombardment. Peter Rough writes, Russian President Vladimir Putin, believes that Russia should command a sphere of influence in which his European neighbors aren’t entirely sovereign. This sets up a clash in those front-line states bordering Russia, which are also partners, or even allies, of the United States. Regarding Ukraine, President Biden now faces a choice: Is he committed to the decades-long U S vision of a free Europe, or is he willing to accept a Russian sphere of influence?
Putin published a widely read essay, dubbed by some an invasion manifesto, which described the “harsh and artificial division of Russians and Ukrainians” as “the use of weapons of mass destruction against us (Russia).,”
Red areas controlled Russian Forces
Putin’s aggression is predicated on Biden’s weakness in Afghanistan and with Russia and China as Communist Chinese planes threaten Taiwan. Biden drastically cutting U.S. drilling in all government lands and oceans created a situation where we must import billions of barrels of oil and gas from Russia. Stopping the sale of gas to Europe would severely hurt Russians funds. The United States buys “206,000 barrels of oil a day” from Russia but “Biden shut down domestic oil production a year ago.” and many feel this essentially supports Russia’s invasion and started the 10% inflation spiral.
For all the wind farms and solar panels, we’ve built, the world – and especially the United States – still runs on oil and gas.
That is why the onset of a Russian invasion of Ukraine threatens not only a human rights catastrophe in Europe but economic turmoil for American consumers, as well as a giant headache for US president Joe Biden.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky has emerged as a hero to his nation’s citizens and far beyond as the former actor and comedian first elected in 2019 remains in his country at great personal risk during its bombardment by Russia.
Zelensky, who agreed on Sunday to talks at the Belarus border with Russia to end the military conflict, has been his country’s man in the capital city of Kyiv, where he has issued a series of videos urging Ukrainians to resist the invasion.
“I am here. We will not lay down any weapons. We will defend our state, because our weapons are our truth,” he said in one clip filmed outside his office in Kyiv.
Chechnya National Guard tanks destroyed by Ukrainians
Chechen hit regiment sent to murder Zelenskyy ‘eliminated according to , Secretary of the National Security and Defence Council Oleksiy Danilov on TV. Putin’s move to send Chechen Commando fighters to join the invasion has backfired. Ukrainian military forces were successful in destroying a Chechen special forces column of 56 tanks near the capital of Kyiv on Saturday, Ukrainian news agency The Kyiv Independent reported.
According to the report, which the outlet said was confirmed by the Ukrainian President’s Office, the attack killed top Chechen general Magomed Tushayev, head of the 141 motorized regiment of the Chechnya National Guard.
The convoy of 56 tanks was targeted by Ukrainian missile fire near the town of Hostomel, just northeast of Kyiv, and obliterated killing hundreds.
“The special operation that was to be carried out directly to eliminate our president is fully known to us today, and I can say that we received information from representatives of the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB), Federalnaya Sluzhba Bezopasnosti, formerly (1994–95) Federal Counterintelligence Service, Russian internal security and counterintelligence service created in 1994 as one of the successor agencies of the Soviet-era KGB. who today have no desire to take part in this bloody war,” he said. Apparently some Russians are helping Ukraine.
Russia is one of the world’s biggest fossil fuel producers, yielding about 12 per cent of the global economy’s oil and 17 per cent of its natural gas. Much of the latter is carried to Europe via pipelines that run through Ukraine, potentially freezing the whole continent’s supply. Creating an embargo on Russian energy would severely hurt their economy.
Meanwhile, China is flying over some of the islands of Taiwan with military aircraft.
Upon taking office, Biden chilled relations with both Eastern Europe’s most important country, Poland, and its most obvious Russian target Ukraine. Instead, he embraced Germany and sought to repair ties with Berlin by waiving sanctions against the Nord Stream 2 pipeline (shown below), which snakes across the Baltic Sea directly from Russia to Germany, bypassing Ukraine’s’ pipeline in the process.
U.S. State Department Vows to disrupt the Nord pipeline
Biden is now doubling down on this posture His team is coordinating a response with our Western European allies, chief among them Germany, and issued economic sanctions.
Germany is now led by the Social Democratic Party, that surprisingly is sending a thousand Javelin missiles to Ukraine. They also cut the connection to the Nord pipeline. German chancellor, Olaf Scholz, called for “constructive dialogue” with Russia.
Biden has dismissed a military option, declaring that he will not deploy U S troops to Ukraine, and slow-rolled the provision of military equipment to Kyiv. Biden signed $300 million dollar aid to Ukraine on Saturday.
Putin views himself in an advanced stage of conflict with the West. He will not be deterred by the threat of economic sanctions, especially given Europe’s addiction to Russian natural gas. Once Ukraine is destabilized, the pipeline will lose its importance.
Putin
Putin has probed Biden’s commitment to Ukraine and discovered its hollow. For all of Biden’s emphasis on democracy, the world is awaking to the realization that his commitment to a Europe whole and free may end where Russia says its sphere of influence begins Far from deterring Putin, Biden has emboldening him. Thanks to The Hill in Hudson Institute
Strange Craft
The True Story of an Air Force Intelligence Officer’s Life with UFOs
U.S. Air Force Major George Filer belongs to the generation of pilots and aviators who first became aware of the strange aircraft showing up in the Earth’s atmosphere after World War II. These men – military professionals who flew planes, served as radar operators and air traffic controllers at airfields around the world – began to whisper amongst themselves about encounters with suspected extraterrestrial aircraft.
During secret debriefings at U.S. bases, pilots and air crew told their commanders of seeing UFOs off their plane’s wings. Award-winning investigative author John Guerra spent four years interviewing Filer, a decorated intelligence officer.
From objects in the skies over Cold War Europe to a UFOs over during the Cuban Missile Crisis to lights over the DMZ in Vietnam Filer leaves nothing out about his Air Force UFO encounters,
Filer’s most memorable case – the shooting of an alien at Fort Dix Army Base in 1978 – is fully recounted for the first time in this book. As a member of the Disclosure Project, military experts, astronauts, and scientists urge the U.S. government to release all it knows about UFOs to the public.
Filer describes his UFO encounters in this incredible book, by John L. Guerra.
Special reports are: Wanaque Reservoir UFOs, Alien Civilization on Mars similar to Egypt, Russia attacks Ugraine.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Iowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan. Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Texas, Vermont, Washington D.C. and Wisconsin.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Australia, Canada, Mexico, New Zealand Space, and England in the United Kingdom, and United Arab Republic.
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force and DOD investigated UFOs for more than forty years; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFOs are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
Forward these files to your friends and neighbors. Like my site? Spread the word!
UFO Sightings in the United States
Sightings are from MUFON CMS
Arizona Light
Phoenix– on January 17, 2022, the witness sent the above video that shows a bright illuminated object that was significantly brightened. The video was taken at 10:22 PM
with a cheap $30 Wyse security camera. The camera was, set to auto night vision mode. Any brightness of photo would have been done by the camera.
Note: I believe that the object in the video could be a regular aircraft. I have four security cameras and aircraft can look much different on a video screen.. Thanks to Will Pucket/www.ufosnw.com/newsite/
California Object
Pacific Ocean on February 14, 2022, I always take pictures on my flight and I was flying from LAX to EUG on Allegiant Airlines. I had noticed at take off what looked like a military container vessel and a white object under the water moving fast keeping the exact distance from the center glowing white boomerang? Caught object in one of three pictures.
Colorado Object
Colorado Springs on February 9, 2022, thought it might be a cloud but there was no other clouds in the sky at the time. Looking back a little bit later it was completely gone. I also saw an orb of light being followed by a helicopter coming from NORAD headed towards an Air Force Base.
Iowa Object
Ralston on February 9, 2022, the dark object was shaped like the end of a sharpened pencil, and distant, and remained in same position. I was driving west for 15 minutes and pulled over at sunset took 10 photos using a Canon 80 D with a 100-400mm lens at ISO 800, f/5.6, 1/90 sec. I watched until it was too dark to see.
Maine Light
Bridgton on February 22, 2022, I woke up abruptly and went outside to have a cigarette. Looked up and saw a bright light moving across the sky changing direction multiple times. Was not a satellite, sky was clear and stars were bright. It took a path from the west, headed east then turned north
Massachusetts Lights
Peabodyon February 23, 2022, while driving I saw two bright wobbling lights in the sky. We pulled into the driveway and the lights were still there, My girlfriend agreed that they were moving towards the other two. A couple started moving up and down a substantial amount as. one flew in from the horizon. As the fourth light showed up one of the original two flew away. Another flew in from the horizon and three formed a horizontal single file line.
My girlfriend and her parents came outside and a third one appeared in the same spot. There were again three lights in a single file line,
Michigan Lights
Adrianon December 31st 2020, my wife and I were put up our Christmas gift security cameras. Our motion activated were set off by a 3 foot bar of light hovering in our backyard.
Five minutes later we got r notified something with a animal face was on our back deck that didn’t approach and disappears. Later, I looked at where the shadow of the face was in the center of my deck. There’s no way it was some kind of animal standing on a railing. It had be hovering or standing directly in the middle of the deck. This means the being was around 5 feet tall or was hovering. The shadow proves the whole thing. There’s no animal that stands upright 5 feet tall and vanishes without moving.
Missouri Light
Lake St Louis – on December 3, 2021, I was sitting in my living room and looked out SW window at dark sky with one bright light. A bar shaped light extended from circular light. I took a picture.
New Jersey Lights
Springfield Township on August 10, 2021, blinking red and white lights movement was amazingly fast. No drone or anything that we’ve ever seen moved that fast and humming when it moved.
New Mexico Disc
Rio Rancho on February 17, 2022, I was driving on a desert road and saw this object. As I approached it. It rapidly shot to the west a short bit and stopped. I stopped the car and took a few pictures, and watched it for a few minutes. It made me a bit nervous since no one was around.
New York Lights
Albionon January 23, 2022, there were over 20 in total of these crafts. You can see if watched in slow motion at beginning, they are disk shaped and turn or tip. Once crafts reach a certain elevation they become a lit orb appearance , and follow the same path and move quickly without sound.
Texas Disc
Katy– on January 12, 2022, the witness sent several videos and still images of interesting objects. One of the most interesting images was the disk shaped object shown in the still image above. The Sun is reflecting off of a portion of the object. Thanks to Will Pucket/www.ufosnw.com/newsite/
Vermont Disk
St. Albans– on December 18, 2021, I was simply watching television with my wife when I walked out to the back porch to smoke. I instantly noticed some bright low flying green lights to my west over Lake Champlain. lights. It was silent and skirted the tops of the trees. Then the bight green lights were blinding a hundred feet away. It was a huge flying saucer type craft a third of the size of a football stadium. A glowing green ring underneath opened and turned a deep pink with two bars going across an open circle. Then it shot straight into space jumping in time.
Washington DC Lights
Washington D.C. on February 16, 2022, it’s a UFO sphere on live camera near to the White House. Aliens clearly were trying to observe and record the US presidents emotions and thought using telepathic abilities. President Biden is under a lot of stress right now from Russia going to war with Ukraine and China with Taiwan. Nuclear war is a possibility. And Aliens want keep their planet safe. Yes, this planet belonged to aliens long before humanity even existed. It’s like a kid saying the house belongs to him but it’s really his fathers. This video is 100% proof that aliens are watching Biden. Thanks to Scott C. Waring- Taiwan
Wisconsin Light
Stoughton – on November 9, 2021, I was running late for work and noticed big bright lights just above the tree line. As I got closer I realized, that it was a UAP/UFO. My fiancé and I saw them frequently, but never one so close. I noticed big an bright lights just above the tree line I was alone on the Highway. I came around the next bend and there it was it was sitting in a field! It was a disc shaped craft with lights bright I had a tough time seeing. I work for USPS and they don’t take kindly to tardiness. So while driving shot pictures with one hand while going 60 mph. At work a retired USAF guy told me he saw it also.
Worldwide UFO Sightings
Canada Lights
Saskatoonon February 22, 2022, I was driving to work just before 6am, west of Saskatoon, and notice a hovering bright light.. Watched for.5 minutes and took 30 second video and picture. I had to keep driving to get to work and when I looked back it was gone.
Mexico Moon shot
Chihuahuaon January 19, 2022, I was at my parents’ house shooting the moon with camera on a tripod and I understood something clearly at last that was on the dark surface of the moon (in an area where the sun does not hit.) In the video understand something clearly at last turn off at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bjYOLVRd47E&t=7s
New Zealand Objects
Space Orbital on February 20, 2022, I noticed these odd lights in this space video orbiting earth. There appears to be several UAPs and glowing lights. One looks like a Tic Tac, several others appear circular in formation heading down towards Earth and start to become translucent or appear to cloak. There also seems to be two additional circular translucent objects in the lower right area around the middle of the video.
UK/England Light
Swanseaon February 26, 2022, took a photo at night, dark but street lights around. Viewing the photo I seen an unusual object and light. This could not be seen with the naked eye.
Bristolon January , 2022, my wife noticed plane then Tic Tac shape craft moving east to west in straight line no sound, bright clear day
Abu Dhabi on February 20, 2022, my friends was having a classic cars tour at the seaside road at afternoon time, when we stopped and I get out of my car immediately in front above me. I see this thing either reflecting the sun which was setting to my left or pulsating, it was moving very slow to be anything can fly and big to be a drone. I tried to zoom in try to find any details but nothing only this slow silver moving thing. And It was very low maybe about 1000 meters high.
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UFO Fleet At Space Station, Jan 3, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Fleet At Space Station, Jan 3, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: January 3, 2022
Location of sighting: Over Italy, Near Space Station
Source:ISS Live Cam
These three UFOs near the space station were caught by Youtuber Marco Pedotti. On his channel he watches the space station, but he only posts videos of the view only...but this time he caught something fantastic...a fleet of UFOs. Now I went over this footage again and again, and I cannot see anything wrong with it. It is 100% authentic. When I took screenshots of some of the UFOs...I noticed they were all blurry and transparent. But one UFO was over land and it looked like a triangle, but when focused is actually a four sided pyramid. In the screenshot above, it actually looks like a doorway has opened on the right side of the UFO. It could reveal the cockpit of the craft. Perhaps the pilot wanted a better look with his own eyes, since it looks like the craft normally has no windows. How many? I lost count...close to 12...man that big one shot past a few times close up...but so fast I almost missed it.
This is crazy cool for sure. Each of the three UFOs throws a huge shadow onto the earth below them. Watch it, pause every once in a while...its mind blowing stuff. These are not satellites, they shoot off turning incredibly fast. I have seen satellites released before from the space station...this is not such a thing. These are 100% alien technology, piloted by living entities.
NASA is urgently investigating how to stop the ISS from crashing to Earth after Russia threatened to withdraw its propulsion experts who keep space station afloat, after Elon Musk offered SpaceX support
NASA is urgently investigating how to stop the ISS from crashing to Earth after Russia threatened to withdraw its propulsion experts who keep space station afloat, after Elon Musk offered SpaceX support
The International Space Station is a cooperation of multiple nations in orbit
The main partners are the US and Russia, with Russia responsible for propulsion
This ensures it remains in orbit, about 250 miles above the surface of the Earth
After invading Ukraine, the US and other nations sanctioned Russia including in space, which could lead to the end of cooperation over the orbital facility
If this were to happen, another agency would need to manage ISS propulsion
NASA says it doesn't expect this to happen, but is considering its options
NASA is exploring ways to keep the International Space Station operational in low Earth orbit without Russian help to maintain the spacecraft's propulsion.
It comes after Russia invaded Ukraine on February 24, prompting a spate of sanctions from the US, including restricting cooperation with its space industry.
Last week, the head of the Russian space agency, Dmitry Rogozin, warned the US against introducing sanctions against its space program, threatening to stop maintenance that could see the 500 ton ISS fall out of orbit on to the US.
Russian cargo spaceships manage propulsion on the station, and keep it in orbit 253 miles above the Earth. Without their regular adjustments, it would fall back to Earth.
NASA says it is exploring ways to keep it in orbit without Russian help, including using commercial cargo vehicles from SpaceX and Northrup Grumman.
However, the US space agency says it doesn't see any immediate signs of Moscow withdrawing from the international orbital collaboration.
The International Space Station (ISS) is seen on a monitor after a Soyuz MS-20 space craft undocked from the ISS, starting the landing of the International space crew including Japanese space tourists
Kathy Lueders, who heads the agency's human spaceflight program, said operations on the research platform were proceeding 'nominally' and 'we're not getting any indications at a working level that our counterparts are not committed.'
'That said, we always look for how do we get more operational flexibility and our cargo providers are looking at how do we add different capabilities,' she continued.
While the US side of the ISS supplies power and life support, Russia is responsible for propulsion and keeping the station in its orbit, over 250 miles above the planet.
It does this by using docked Progress spacecraft to periodically give the station a boost to maintain its altitude, and stop it falling back to the Earth.
Rogozin raised the prospect of pulling out of the partnership in response to US sanctions, warning that without the Progress spacecraft, the 400 ton structure would fall back to Earth without any indication of where it might lands.
NASA is exploring ways to keep the International Space Station operational in low Earth orbit without Russian help to maintain propulsion
Russia is building its own space station
Russiaannounced in 2020 that it could withdraw from the International Space Station as early as 2025 and launch its own facility.
Dmitry Rogozin, chief of the Russian space agency said work has already begun on the first module of a new station, although that could be attached to the ISS if the international facility is still in operation when it is completed in 2025.
A top Kremlin official warned that 'disaster' was looming for the ISS, putting the lives of crew members at risk due to its age - by 2025 is will be 27 years old and was originally designed to last between 15 and 30 years, according to NASA.
Russia has shared images and video of the first module that will make up a core part of its new hi-tech orbital base, which is expected to include a tourist hotel.
NASA has since confirmed plans to de-orbit the ISS in 2031, switching to using commercial stations instead.
Russia hasn't revealed its future plans, which could change dramatically after it invaded Ukraine on Wednesday.
Lueders said: 'Northrop Grumman has been offering up a reboost capability, and you know, our SpaceX folks are looking at can we have additional capability.'
The last Northrop Grumman Cygnus cargo vessel that arrived at the ISS on February 21 was the first to boast a capacity to 'reboost' the outpost without Russian help.
On Friday, SpaceX boss Elon Musk tweeted his company's logo in response to Rogozin's rhetorical question about who would save the ISS.
But Lueders stressed that such plans were a contingency measure only, adding 'It would be very difficult for us to be operating on our own -- ISS is an international partnership that was created...with joint dependencies,' she said.
'As a team, we are looking at where we may have operational flexibilities, but... it would be a sad day for international operations if we can't continue to peacefully operate in space,' she concluded.
A symbol of post Cold War detente, the ISS has been continuously habited for more than 21 years and has weathered past geopolitical storms, notably Russia's invasion of Crimea in 2014, with space exploded from sanctions at the time.
But some observers believe the invasion of Ukraine could hasten the demise of US-Russian space cooperation.
Currently, seven astronauts – four from the US, two from Russia and one from Germany – are on the ISS.
Rogozin has said that US sanctions could 'destroy our cooperation' and said the research platform would plummet to the Earth without his nation's help.
'If you block cooperation with us, who will save the ISS from uncontrolled deorbiting and falling on US or European territory?' said Rogozin – while noting that the station doesn't fly over much of Russia.
However, one space expert said this was unlikely, considering Roscosmos has Russian personnel on board.
'Nobody wants to put the lives of astronauts and cosmonauts in danger by political maneuvering,' John Logsdon, a professor and space analyst at George Washington University.
Last week, the head of the Russian space agency, Dmitry Rogozin, warned the US against introducing sanctions against its space program, threatening to stop maintenance that could see the 500 ton ISS fall out of orbit on to the US
The ISS is a collaboration between the US and Russia, as founding partners, along with Canada, the European Space Agency and Japan.
It is split into two main sections, the Russian and US orbital segments, and they depend on each other for operational survival.
'The Russian segment can't function without the electricity on the American side, and the American side can't function without the propulsion systems that are on the Russian side,' former NASA astronaut Garrett Reisman told CNN.
'So you can't do an amicable divorce. You can't do a conscious uncoupling.'
NASA said in a statement soon after the conflict started, that there were no changes planned to the cooperation between Russia and the US on the ISS, but appear to have begun looking at contingencies, in case the situation further escalates.
It isn't just the US looking at contingency operations when it comes to working with Russia in space. The European Space Agency has postponed its ExoMars rover launch, likely until at least 2024 as it was scheduled to go up on a Russian rocket.
In a statement posted to its website, ESA said it is 'assessing the consequences on each of our ongoing programmes' that are being conducted in cooperation with Roscosmos, while condemning Russia's actions.
'We deplore the human casualties and tragic consequences of the war in Ukraine,' ESA said.
'We are giving absolute priority to taking proper decisions, not only for the sake of our workforce involved in the programmes, but in full respect of our European values, which have always fundamentally shaped our approach to international cooperation.'
EXPLAINED: THE $100 BILLION INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION SITS 250 MILES ABOVE THE EARTH
The International Space Station (ISS) is a $100 billion (£80 billion) science and engineering laboratory that orbits 250 miles (400 km) above Earth.
It has been permanently staffed by rotating crews of astronauts and cosmonauts since November 2000.
Crews have come mainly from the US and Russia, but the Japanese space agency JAXA and European space agency ESA have also sent astronauts.
The International Space Station has been continuously occupied for more than 20 years and has been expended with multiple new modules added and upgrades to systems
Research conducted aboard the ISS often requires one or more of the unusual conditions present in low Earth orbit, such as low-gravity or oxygen.
ISS studies have investigated human research, space medicine, life sciences, physical sciences, astronomy and meteorology.
The US space agency, NASA, spends about $3 billion (£2.4 billion) a year on the space station program, with the remaining funding coming from international partners, including Europe, Russia and Japan.
So far 244 individuals from 19 countries have visited the station, and among them eight private citizens who spent up to $50 million for their visit.
There is an ongoing debate about the future of the station beyond 2025, when it is thought some of the original structure will reach 'end of life'.
Russia, a major partner in the station, plans to launch its own orbital platform around then, with Axiom Space, a private firm, planning to send its own modules for purely commercial use to the station at the same time.
NASA, ESA, JAXA and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) are working together to build a space station in orbit around the moon, and Russia and China are working on a similar project, that would also include a base on the surface.
NASA onderzoekt of ruimtestation ISS zonder Rusland kan
De Amerikaanse ruimtevaartorganisatie NASA bekijkt of het Internationaal Ruimtestation (ISS) ook zonder de hulp van Rusland kan functioneren. De samenwerking zou volgens Rusland in gevaar kunnen komen door het conflict in Oekraïne. Vorige week nog beweerde een Russische ruimtechef dat het ISS kan neerstorten op Europa of de VS, als de steun van zijn thuisland wegvalt.
De VS en Rusland werken nauw samen bij het ISS. De NASA is verantwoordelijk voor de elektriciteitsvoorziening en de levensondersteuning. Rusland voorziet dan weer de stuwkracht die het station in een baan rond de aarde houdt.
De sancties die de VS aan Rusland hebben opgelegd vanwege de inval in Oekraïne, zouden echter grote gevolgen kunnen hebben voor het ruimtestation. Dat werd vorige week pijnlijk duidelijk uit een online tirade van de Russische ruimtechef Dmitry Rogozin: “Wie zal ervoor zorgen dat het ISS niet neerstort in de VS of Europa als je de samenwerking met ons stopzet? Er is ook de mogelijkheid dat een constructie van 500 ton neerstort op China of India. Het ISS vliegt niet boven Rusland, dus jullie lopen al het risico”, schreef hij onder meer.
De NASA neemt daarom het zekere voor het onzekere, en zoekt naar oplossingen. Zo zou ruimtevaartbedrijf Northrop Grumman al hebben aangeboden om een alternatief stuwsysteem te leveren. Ook SpaceX zou al oplossingen hebben voorgesteld. Oprichter Elon Musk besloot bovendien om ruimtechef Rogozin nog wat meer ‘te pesten’ door het logo van Space X onder zijn tirade te plaatsen.
Voorlopig zijn er wel nog geen echte problemen bij het ISS. De Russische werknemers zouden volgens Kathy Lueders, het hoofd van NASA’s bemande ruimtevaartprogramma, nog steeds toegewijd aan het werk zijn: “Maar we kijken continu hoe we flexibeler kunnen werken. Het zou wel heel moeilijk zijn voor ons om alleen te werken. Het ISS is namelijk een internationaal project met wederzijdse afhankelijkheden.”
Marsrover
De situatie in Rusland zorgt wel voor problemen bij de Europese ruimtevaartorganisatie ESA. Die was van plan om komende zomer samen met Rusland een nieuwe Marsrover te lanceren. Dat project loopt nu vertraging op: “De sancties en algemene context zorgen ervoor dat een lancering in 2022 heel onwaarschijnlijk wordt”, klinkt het.
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Last-Minute Defense Against an Asteroid That Could Obliterate it Before Impact
Last-Minute Defense Against an Asteroid That Could Obliterate it Before Impact
Gazing at the night sky can evoke a sense of wonder regarding humanity’s place in the Universe. But that’s not all it can evoke. If you’re knowledgeable about asteroid strikes like the one that wiped out the dinosaurs, then even a fleeting meteorite can nudge aside your enjoyable sense of wonder. What if?
Luckily, planetary defence is at the top of mind for some scientists and engineers. One of those scientists is Professor Philip Lubin from the University of California Santa Barbara. Lubin is developing his idea called PI-Terminal Defense for Humanity. The PI stands for Pulverize It, and Lubin thinks pulverizing an incoming impactor into tiny pieces is our best bet to protect ourselves from an asteroid on short notice.
Lubin presented his PI Planetary Defence idea at the 2021 Planetary Defence Conference. His idea is now a Phase One awardee in the NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts (NIAC) program. NIAC aims to promote and support visionary ideas that can transform future NASA missions. NASA operates the Planetary Defence Coordination Office (PDCO), and Lubin’s PI Planetary Defense idea fits that office’s mandate.
The threat of an asteroid strike is genuine. A massive asteroid like the one that wiped out the dinosaurs would kill our civilization. We’ve faced more minor threats, like the Tunguska Event and the Chelyabinsk meteor, but can we count on luck to avoid devastating impacts? That wouldn’t be wise.
“So far, humanity has been spared large-scale catastrophe as was visited upon our previous tenants, but counting upon being “lucky” is a poor strategy in the longer term,” Philip Lubin said in 2021.
NASA is busy finding and cataloguing asteroids that pose a threat to Earth. But that’s only an initial step. We must develop ways to protect Earth from a catastrophic impact.
Much of the thinking around asteroid impact mitigation is focused on long lead times. If we know months or years ahead of time when an asteroid will impact Earth, we can send out a kinetic impactor to redirect the asteroid. With enough lead time, even a small kinetic impactor can redirect a large asteroid away from us.
But what if time is short? What if we find out too late? What if we’ve launched a kinetic impactor, but it missed or failed somehow? That’s where Lubin’s PI idea could come into play.
The main idea of PI is to pulverize an asteroid into smaller debris which would then burn up in Earth’s atmosphere. In an article for NIAC from February 18th, 2022, Lubin wrote, “In short intercept scenarios, the asteroid fragments of maximum ~10-meter diameter allow the Earth’s atmosphere to act as a “beam dump” where the fragments either burn up in the atmosphere or air burst, with the primary channel of energy going into spatially and temporally de-correlated shock waves.”
In the Pulverize It scenario, an asteroid heading for Earth would be struck with an impactor that had an array of rods, some with explosives. The asteroid, or comet, would be broken into smaller pieces that pose a minor threat. Image Credit: Lubin/Experimental Cosmology Group, UCSB.
PI’s idea is to design an impactor that’s not only kinetic but explosive. The impacting device would be fitted with penetrating rods to pierce the asteroid. Explosives would fill some rods, and the resulting explosion would pulverize the bolide into smaller chunks, hopefully 15 m or less in diameter. The pieces would form a cloud of debris. Depending on the size of the bolide, the size of the device, and the distance from Earth when detonated, some of the debris might strike Earth. But much of it would be destroyed through friction with the Earth’s atmosphere.
“The effectiveness of the approach depends on the time to intercept and size of the asteroid, but allows for effective defence against asteroids in the multi-hundred-meter diameter class and could virtually eliminate the threat of mass destruction caused by these threats,” Lubin explains.
This figure shows two fragment clouds resulting from successful interceptions. The top is a smaller asteroid, and the bottom is larger. Note how some of the fragments would miss Earth entirely with a larger asteroid. Image Credit: Lubin 2021.
ACCORDING TO LUBIN, the PI System could be in orbit around Earth or even housed on a lunar base. “Compared to other threat reduction scenarios, this approach represents an extremely cost-effective, testable, and deployable approach with a logical roadmap of development and testing. Pre-deployment of the system into orbit or a lunar base allows for rapid response on the order of less than a day if needed,” Lubin said.
“The great advantage of this approach is that it allows for terminal defence in the event of short warning times and target distance mitigation where orbital deflection is not feasible,” said Lubin. “Even intercepts as close as the Moon with intercept times of a few hours prior to impact are viable.”
The Moon has a couple of inherent advantages. For one thing, it has no atmosphere, so as a base for observing the asteroid environment near Earth, it would allow “long-range optical/NIR LIDAR detection” of incoming asteroids. The Moon also has a lower escape velocity than Earth, making launches easier and less expensive.
Launching a large explosive impactor from Earth is becoming more feasible over time, too. Heavy launch vehicles like SpaceX’s Falcon Heavy, NASA’s Space Launch System, and others are heralding a new age of powerful rocket technology.
Lubin says that the PI system only needs a five-hour prior to impact window to destroy an asteroid the size of the object in the Tunguska Event. That object was likely about 50 meters in diameter and exploded with a force of about 10 Megatons. It knocked over millions of trees in a remote part of Siberia. If an object that size were to explode over one of our cities, it would be devastating.
Fallen trees from the Tunguska Event in 1908.
The Chelyabinsk meteor blew the windows out of buildings and caused injuries, and it was only about 20 meters in diameter.
A meteorite flashes across the sky over Chelyabinsk, Russia, in this image. This image is from a dashboard camera.
The system could also work when it comes to massive asteroids like Apophis. Apophis will pass near Earth in 2029, but it won’t impact Earth. However, if it passes through what’s called a “gravitational keyhole” during its 2029 flyby, it could be nudged enough that it could strike Earth on the subsequent flyby. Apophis is about 370 meters in diameter, and its yield is about four gigatons. Lubin said that his PI system could successfully destroy Apophis-sized asteroids with a 10-day prior to impact intercept.
An artist’s illustration of the asteroid 99942 Apophis. Image Credit: NASA/Caltech/JPL
It’ll be interesting to see how much further Lubin develops his Pulverize It asteroid defence idea. NASA launched its Double Asteroid Redirection Test mission in November 2021. DART is headed for the double asteroid system of Didymos and its smaller companion, Dimorphos, which orbits Didymos.
Dimorphos isn’t on a trajectory toward Earth. DART is purely a test mission, and impacting Dimorphos will lead to a slight change in the trajectory of the double asteroid system. NASA will monitor the system after the impact to see if the mission was successful.
But there’s no reason we can’t develop multiple asteroid mitigation systems in parallel. That might be the most prudent way forward. As we get better and better at finding all of the asteroids that threaten Earth, we’ll be more prepared for intercepting asteroids with advanced lead times. But no system is foolproof.
It’d be wise for humanity to develop another system that could launch rapidly and be employed on short notice. Then we can look up at the sky and relax.
A Mars Meteorite Shows Evidence of a Massive Impact Billions of Years ago
A Mars Meteorite Shows Evidence of a Massive Impact Billions of Years ago
Researchers at Australia’s Curtin University have discovered evidence of a massive impact on the Martian surface after 4.45 billion years ago. This may not seem like a surprising revelation – after all, we know that there were several large impacts on Mars, likeHellas and Argyre, and we know that large impacts happened frequently in the early solar system – so why is this a big deal?
The short version is that it challenges our understanding of when Mars could have sustained an environment capable of supporting life – that is, a habitable environment – effectively shortening the window for possible life on Mars. Let’s dig into the science here to see if we can’t uncover a bit more that’s interesting about this story.
First, let’s get a bit of context. The story focuses on the study of the mineral zircon, a zirconium silicate mineral (ZrSiO4). Zircons can form in most kinds of igneous rocks, and larger zircons typically form in metamorphic rocks. The mineral is chemically, physically, and thermally robust – meaning that once it’s formed it tends to stick around and there’s not a lot that changes it. To a geologist, this is exciting because it means that zircons tend to preserve records of the environments they formed in, even when they’re part of a rock that has been extensively altered. Particularly for the early records of planets, where rocks have generally been metamorphosed, melted, weathered, recycled, or otherwise destroyed by nature and the ravages of time, zircons can still preserve records of the environments they formed in.
Zircon crystals from the Jack Hills in Western Australia are the oldest rock fragments ever found.
Image: Stuart Hay, ANU
On the Earth, the oldest materials from Earth are zircons that have been incorporated into a much younger sandstone. Specifically, I’m talking about zircons in the Jack Hills sedimentary rocks of Australia. The rocks that contain the zircons are only ~3.0 billion years old, but some of the zircons are as old as 4.4 billion years. We know that these zircons formed in a different rock that was weathered and recycled, and the zircons were incorporated into the younger sandstones and conglomerates, which were then buried and metamorphosed. By studying the chemistry of the ancient zircon grains geologists have been able to find clues about the earliest history of the Earth, including the presence of liquid water on the surface by the time that these zircons had formed. To date, this is the best evidence we have for the earliest stable, habitable surface on the Earth, and we only know about it from studying this incredible mineral.
Cut face of the Black Beauty meteorite.
Credit: NASA
Now, let’s talk about the zircon grain from the Curtin study. The grain in question was a single fragment included in a martian meteorite breccia. The meteorite, Northwest Africa (NWA) 7034 which has been nicknamed “Black Beauty,” is the only sedimentary rock in our collection of meteorites from Mars. Black Beauty is classified as a martian basaltic breccia (polymict), which means that it is a rock made up of pieces of other rocks just like the formations in the Jack Hills on Earth. By studying the rock we can learn a lot about ancient environments on the surface of Mars. Many of the fragments are pieces of the ancient martian crust, the basaltic surface that the planet first formed. Zircon fragments like the one reported are a minor part of Black Beauty, and the one in question is one of the oldest so far identified, with a formation age of 4.45 billion years ago. It also happens to be twinned – a change in the mineral structure where the mineral framework is mirrored across a flat plane in the crystal. The specific kind of twinning in this mineral is known to be related to shock deformation – the kind of change that happens during a large impact event. We know that forming this kind of twinning in zircon requires pressures than 20 or 30 gigapascals (that is, more than 20-30 x 10,000 times the Earth’s atmospheric pressure); this kind of impact pressure is related to a very large meteorite impact.
A small impact crater on Mars that was created within the past 5 years, seen by the HiRISE camera on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.
Credit: NASA/JPL/UArizona.
Big deal, right? As we stated at the top, we know that there were numerous large impacts on Mars early in the planet’s history. Here’s the rub though – researchers studying the surface and atmosphere of Mars have argued for a habitable surface environment to have formed by 4.2 billion years ago. Critical to this interpretation is an assumption that large-scale meteorite impacts had ceased on Mars by 4.48 billion years ago – 30 million years before the zircon grain formed. Although the date of the impact that deformed the zircon grain is unknown, it had to be after the mineral’s formation. This directly contradicts the assumption of the early surface and atmosphere models, pushing the formation of a stable, habitable, surface environment later in the history of the Red Planet.
What does all of this mean? Well, the research is ongoing, so there is a lot that we don’t fully understand about Mars’ early climate and the origins of life. However, the researchers at Curtin argue that the evidence for when life could have originated on Mars is younger than when life could have originated on the Earth. Combined with the end of habitability on the surface of Mars when the planet dried out, this narrows the window for when life could have evolved on the Red Planet. So, did life evolve there? The jury is still out, so we don’t really know, but the evidence now suggests that if it did come about then life on Mars likely originated after life on the Earth, and probably didn’t stick around for very long.
Top image: An artist’s impression of what Mars might have looked like during its early, wet period circa 4 billion years ago. Credit: ESO/M. Kornmesser
Stunning Photos from Air, Space and Ground of the Atlas V GOES-T Launch
Stunning Photos from Air, Space and Ground of the Atlas V GOES-T Launch
NASA and NOAA now have a sophisticated new weather satellite in space. The GOES-T satellite launched on the powerful United Launch Alliance (ULA) Atlas V rocket on March 1, and it will provide forecasters with high resolution weather satellite imagery. It will also providing real-time monitoring of events on the ground like wildfires, floods and landslides, while monitoring atmospheric and climate dynamics over the Western US and Pacific Ocean.
The liftoff from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station of GOES-T (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-T) provided stunning views, and incredibly, other satellites looked down and captured the launch of the new satellite from space, such as this shot from its older sibling, GOES-16:
More satellite views of the launch below, but first, photographer Mike Killian took part in a stunning photo shoot from the air, capturing a the launch in the background while a restored F-86 Sabre jet flew over the Space Coast:
A few more of the GOES satellites already in high geosynchronous orbits looked down on the launch:
And of course, there are always amazing views from the ground. Above, Manuel Mazzati focused his high-resolution camera on the flames from the rocket just after liftoff.
Alan Walters attended the launch on behalf of Universe Today and caught these gems:
An Atlas V rocket launches the GOES-T satellite on March 1, 2022 from Cape Canaveral.
Credit: Alan Walters.
An Atlas V rocket launches the GOES-T satellite on March 1, 2022 from Cape Canaveral.
Credit: Alan Walters.
And you can always count on Ben Cooper for a unique launch perspective:
For the full experience, here’s a video of the launch via NASA:
The launch placed GOES-T in a high perigee orbit of over 8,000 km (~ 5,000 miles). Its final orbital position in geosynchronous orbit will be just over 35,000 km (22,000 miles) above Earth’s equator.
“The Atlas V delivered GOES-T directly to a geosynchronous transfer orbit,” said Gary Wentz, ULA vice president of Government and Commercial Programs, in a press release. “The orbital delivery accurately placed the spacecraft closer to its final destination which conserves the satellite’s fuel supply and enables a longer mission life.”
Once it reaches its final orbit, the satellite will undergo commissioning and checkouts over the next few months and be fully operational by early 2023. It joins four other GOES satellites currently in service, GOES-14, -15, -16 and -17. Once in service, the new satellite will be renamed GOES-18 and it will take over for GOES-17, which launched on another Atlas 5 exactly four years ago. GOES-17 has had problems with its main weather instrument, but it will remain in orbit as a backup in case any other of the GOES weather satellites encounters any problems in the future.
This was the 92nd launch of an Atlas V rocket, and ULA says they have launched 149 times with 100 percent mission success.
Lead image caption:A United Launch Alliance (ULA) Atlas V rocket carrying NOAA’s GOES-T satellite, launching for NASA’s Launch Services Program, lifts off from from Space Launch Complex-41 at 4:38 p.m. EST on March 1, 2022. Photo Credit: United Launch Alliance
Possible UFO Landing Site Found In Canada Forest, March 1, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Possible UFO Landing Site Found In Canada Forest, March 1, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: March 1, 2022
Location of discovery: Canada
A triangle formation was found in the snow in Canada this week. The formation was out in the woods and was found as the person was taking a walk in the snow. He found a perfect triangle, which could be the landing spot of an alien craft. From the size of the triangle, the craft would be big enough to hold two people. Aliens have been known to land their craft in forests. Take for instance, the "Fire In The Sky," case back in 1975, where Travis Walton was in the forest with friends and saw a light...he walked closer to the light coming from the UFO and suddenly the light threw Travis through the air...his friends fled. UFOs visit forests.
Glowing Orb Over Hamburg, Germany, March 2, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Glowing Orb Over Hamburg, Germany, March 2, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: March 2, 2022
Location of sighting:Hamburg, Germany
An eyewitness in Germany today recorded an bright orb over Hamburg this morning. The object is huge and looks similar in shape to the UFOs seen over Denver, USA and over Dome of Rock, Jerusalem. Although this UFO was not seen moving, often they shoot quickly into a location and sit there, knowing that most people who see it will assume it's just a star. Yeah, aliens know all the tricks. They have been hiding from us for thousands of years. Also is seems to flash, as if it were saying hello to the woman watching.
This orb is reminding me of the days of the foo fighter orbs that followed the planes in WWII. This UFO could be a sign that Germany is going to have a serious involvement in the war in Ukraine in the coming days. I just checked in the news...the German Chancellor expressed their support for Ukraine in a joint news conference on March 1. This makes me think that aliens are helping humanity exist.
NASA rover this week took a close up photo of a actual fossil on Mars. They didn't label it as such, however the similarities to sponge and coral fossils is undeniable. I really am confused at why NASA did not take about this discovery other than give us some details of the camera that took, the date, location on Mars. It really seems that something like this...that is 100% proof of ancient ocean life, is an important discovery to all of science. And yet, NASA says nothing about it. There is no doubt in my mind that had this been found on Earth, it would be labeled a sponge fossil. How could NASA not comment on such a huge discovery? Why oh why didn't NASA announce this to the public themselves? So many questions...but they are all about NASAs refusal to admit life on Mars once existed.
Europe’s ExoMars Rover Will Likely Miss This Year’s Launch Window Because of Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine
Europe’s ExoMars Rover Will Likely Miss This Year’s Launch Window Because of Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine
As countries around the world respond to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine with sanctions aimed at crippling Moscow and Vladimir Putin, the global cooperation in space exploration that has been forged over the past 30-plus years will certainly be impacted.
One example: the European Space Agency said the launch of the ExoMars 2022 mission, scheduled for September of this year, is “very unlikely,” due to sanctions on Russia. ExoMars is supposed to launch on a Russian Proton rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome. Russia is also supposed to supply the landing and science platform for the Rosalind Franklin rover, and if the conflict continues, the oft-delayed mission will likely have to wait for the next launch window to Mars in 2024.
In a statement issued by ESA, officials said, “We deplore the human casualties and tragic consequences of the war in Ukraine. We are giving absolute priority to taking proper decisions, not only for the sake of our workforce involved in the programmes, but in full respect of our European values, which have always fundamentally shaped our approach to international cooperation.”
“We are fully implementing sanctions imposed on Russia by our Member States,” the statement continued. “We are assessing the consequences on each of our ongoing programmes conducted in cooperation with the Russian state space agency Roscosmos and align our decisions to the decisions of our Member States in close coordination with industrial and international partners (in particular with NASA on the International Space Station).”
Meanwhile, the head of the Russian agency appears to be burning every bridge that’s been built with various space entities around the world. In a series of bizarre rants on Twitter over the past several days, Dmitry Rogozin, head of Roscosmos, suggested future Atlas 5 launched by ULA (United Launch Alliance) will fail because they won’t have technical support for the Russian components on the rockets. Rogozin even said that the sanctions could result in the International Space Station crashing into the U.S., Europe, India, or China. He erroneously said the ISS doesn’t fly over Russia, “so all the risks are yours.”
First Soyuz lifts off from Europe’s Spaceport in French Guiana on 21 October 2011. Credits:Thilo Kranz/DLR
Officially, Roscosmos announced it was suspending cooperation with Europe on Soyuz launches from the European spaceport in French Guiana (CSG), and they have removed Russian personnel from the site. That will likely delay several upcoming launches scheduled to launch on a Soyuz rocket from CSG, including two pairs of Galileo navigational satellites, Euclid, a visible to near-infrared space telescope scheduled to launch in early 2023, the EarthCARE (Earth Clouds, Aerosols and Radiation Explorer) satellite, a cooperative effort between ESA and Japan’s space agency JAXA to improve understanding of the cloud and aerosol processes that affect the Earth’s climate. Other governmental satellites are in the queue as well.
The indication of threats to the ISS are most concerning since humans are on board. During a press briefing on February 28, Kathy Lueders, NASA associate administrator for space operations, said ISS operations have not been affected by the sanctions so far.
The International Space Station stretches out in an image captured by astronauts aboard the SpaceX Crew Dragon Endeavour during a fly-around in November 2021. Credit: NASA/SpaceX
“We are not getting any indications, at a working level, that our counterparts are not committed to ongoing operation of the International Space Station,” she said. “We’re operating just like we were operating three weeks ago. Our teams are still talking together, we’re still doing training together, we’re still working together.”
Lueders added that, “It would be a sad day for international operations that we can’t continue to peacefully operate in space,” and that it would be very difficult to operate the ISS without the international cooperation that the project was founded on.
“I actually feel like this is a good message for us – that we are operating peacefully in space now and moving forward,” she said, but added, “That said, we always look for how do we get more operational flexibility.”
In an signal of that, NASA said they are discussing cargo and crew transportation options with Northrop Grumman and SpaceX, and in an announcement late yesterday, NASA announced they have awarded SpaceX additional crew flights to the space station.
Lead image caption: Artist’s impression of ESA’s ExoMars rover (foreground) and Russia’s science platform (background) on Mars.
UFO Spotted While At Work In Calhoun, Georgia Feb 24, 2022, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Spotted While At Work In Calhoun, Georgia Feb 24, 2022, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Feb24, 2022
Location of sighting: Calhoun, Georgia, USA
Wow! Check out this fantastic raw footage of some guys who were at work and noticed a black triangle craft moving slowly over the area. A friend calls out to them to come outside and check out the UFO in the sky. When they get outside...they can't believe their own eyes. This black triangle object is moving in the sky, slowly, silently. This one is very far up and is twice the size of the average car. This looks really similar to the UFO video recorded by the US Navy plane and released to the public in 2020. This is only 180 miles away from US President Jimmy Carters UFO sighting at Leary, Georgia when he saw a UFO when he was governor of Georgia back in 1969. That UFO was time traveling...visiting a US president before he was president. So...I wonder...what if this is the same exact UFO...and its there to visit someone important, but at an easier point in their life? Maybe a future president in this video.
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
Eyewitness states:
UfO spotted at work by my friend Nate, I started filming using a iPhone.The city is Calhoun, the state is Georgia. I’m just trying to find someone to analyze this video. The original is on my phone and it’s ever more bizarre when you zoom in on it.
Mummified 'Mermaid' to be analyzed by Japanese Scientists
Mummified 'Mermaid' to be analyzed by Japanese Scientists
A“mermaid mummy” kept at a temple has been an object of worship.Now, for the first time, a project has started to scientifically analyze the mummified creature, which has the upper body of a human and the lower body of a fish.
On Feb. 2, 2022 Kozen Kuida, 60, chief priest at Enjuin temple in Asakuchi in the prefecture, removed the 30-centimeter-long treasured specimen from a paulownia box in the CT scanning room of the university’s veterinary hospital.
Laying face up on an examination table, the mummy appeared to be locked in a scream while holding its hands to its mouth. In addition to nails and teeth, the mummy has hair on its head and scales on the lower body.
According to asahi.com, a note contained in the same box of the “dried mermaid,” the creature was caught in a fishing net on the coast of Tosa Province (present-day Kochi Prefecture) between 1736 and 1741.
Enhanced Memo Reveals US Government LIED About Roswell
Enhanced Memo Reveals US Government LIED About Roswell
An enhancement of a Roswell press photo reveals that the US government knew it was lying about the weather balloon and how they showed off this fact in plain sight.
It’s dangerous to say in a headline that an asteroid is heading towards Earth because asteroid trackers define ‘potentially hazardous objects’ (PHO) as an asteroid or a comet large enough to cause significant regional damage in the event of impact – but 99% of them won’t get close for at least 100 years and ‘close’ can be 0.05 astronomical units or 19.5 lunar distances away. That wasn’t the case in January 2022.
“In January this year, we became aware of an asteroid with the highest ranking on the Palermo scale that we’ve seen in more than a decade, reaching -1.5.”
Don’t warn them — did they warn us?
The Palermo Technical Impact Hazard Scale referred to in a recent press release by Marco Micheli, an astronomer at ESA’s Near-Earth Object Coordination Centre (NEOCC), assigns ratings to NEOs. Asteroid 2022 AE1 was above -2 which made it an object that merited serious monitoring. (Photo here.) Discovered on January 6, 2022, the first calculations showed it was 0.09 AU (13 million km or 8 million miles) from Earth, large enough to do damage, and having a serious possibility of making a potential Earth impact on July 4, 2023 – that’s next year!
Asteroid 2022 AE1 observed with the Calar Alto Schmidt telescope in Spain on the evening of 19 January 2022. The image is a composite of 124 frames, each one minute long, combined on the motion of the asteroid, and processed in order to remove the background stars. The asteroid is visible as the dot at the center of the image, inside the red box. Stack produced using Tycho.
Credit: ESA/NEOCC
The Torino Scale used to quantify the impact hazard of a certain NEO. Credit: European Space Agency
“In my almost ten years at ESA I’ve never seen such a risky object.”
Micheli sounded the alarm and all NEO-watching eyes focused on 2022 AE1 for the next seven days as it was flagged by the Asteroid Orbit Determination (AstOD) automated system flagged it for a potential future impact. Astronomers watched as the risk potential increased daily until the seventh day when 2022 AE1 … disappeared. Wait … what?
“We just had to wait.”
The Moon entered a waxing gibbous phase – growing to full moon status while just 3 degrees from the asteroid – and basically blinded those trying to observe 2022 AE1. Finally, the moon moved out of the way … and the astronomers experienced a shock.
“The data was clear, confirmed the next morning by our counterparts at NASA—asteroid 2022 AE1 poses no impact risk.”
That’s right — 2022 AE1 went from full “Don’t Look Up” to “move along, nothing to see here” in seven short days. Recalibrating the numbers, the forecast is for 2022 AE1 to fly by Earth in July 2023 at a distance of about ten million km (6.2 million miles) or over 20 times the distance of the moon. What happened?
“As is often the case, the overlap with Earth remains even while the risk corridor gets smaller due to further observations and so the risk appears to increase. More often than not, as the hazard zone narrows, the small potential corridor moves off Earth and the risk suddenly drops.”
The “risk corridor” is the moving spotlight on Earth where the asteroid is most likely to hit. That spotlight is recalculated each time a new reading is taken on the asteroid — the spotlight gets smaller as it hones in on the target area. However, it can also move … and that’s what happened to 2022AE1 while the lights were out. Luca Conversi, Manager of the NEOCC, says this actually happens all the time.
“Yet, I wasn’t too concerned as we get notifications like this – though at a lower level – a few times per year.”
Well, that’s reassuring … NOT!
Initial uncertainties in asteroid 2022 AE1’s orbit meant its ‘risk corridor’ extended across Earth. When the 70-metre asteroid seemed most likely to impact (a scenario now ruled out entirely), its possible path saw a potential strike over many inhabited regions on Earth. The red region forms the core of the more probable impact points, the orange surrounding bands show areas that were less likely but could not be excluded.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 73 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
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![English sailor offering bread to a Patagonian woman giant. Frontispiece to ‘Viaggio intorno al mondo fatto dalla nave Inglese il Delfino comandata dal caposqadra Byron’ (Florence, 1768), the first Italian edition of John Byron’s ‘A Voyage Round the World in His Majesty’s Ship the Dolphin . . .’ (London, 1767) [Rare Books Division].](https://www.ancient-origins.net/sites/default/files/English-sailor-offering-bread.jpg)
![[Top] Fiji Mermaid, in the Folklore section at the Haus der Natur (House of Nature), a natural history collection in Salzburg, Austria. (CC BY NC SA 2.0 ) [Bottom] P.T. Barnum’s Feejee mermaid (Public Domain)](https://www.ancient-origins.net/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/Mermaid_0.jpg?itok=a91DX5iu)
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