31-12-2022 om 23:34 geschreven door peter &nbsp;

31-12-2022 om 23:34 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

2022: Another Year of Mysteries and Speculations About Extraterrestrial Life

aliens

It has been an exciting year for those who are hoping to find out more about the possibility of alien life. In January, experts noted that 2022 could be the turning point in the search for truth about the UFOs. According to Mark Rodeghier, the scientific director of a UFO research center in Chicago, the advancements in software tools and technology that have been made in the study of these objects have attracted more qualified individuals.

More people are now qualified to study the subject of alien life after seeing the advancements in software tools that can help in the investigation of the matter.

In April, the US Department of Defense released more than 1,500 pages of documents related to the extraterrestrial nature of objects. These documents, which came from the AATIP, covered incidents from 2007 to 2012. Some of the cases included multiple medical reports and the injuries sustained by individuals after allegedly being hit by flying saucers.

Some of the injuries reportedly caused by the flying saucers included nerve damage, headaches, heart palpitations, and electromagnetic radiation. It’s not clear how the AATIP conducted its investigation procedures.

Two scientists presented a solution to the issue of the Fermi paradox in May. They noted that an intelligent society capable of space travel may eventually fail due to how their energy demands exceed their innovation.

The scientists suggested that advanced alien civilizations could try to limit their energy usage by going dark. This would prevent them from broadcasting signals to other extraterrestrial entities.

In June, a group of researchers presented a device that they claimed could be an artificial alien vessel that could support life on Mars. The object, which was found in a geological formation known as the Medusae Fossae, was described as a high-technology artifact that looked like it was made of a metallic alloy. However, some experts doubt the discovery, as it could actually be a natural feature.

The search for alien life continued to have setbacks in 2022. In July, a group that’s focused on finding signs of intelligent alien life announced that it didn’t detect any signals from these objects. The project, which was funded by philanthropist and billionaire Yury Milner, has been using various telescopes to look for electromagnetic signals coming from other star systems.

Israeli entrepreneur Yuri Milner, used the Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia

After analyzing soil samples taken by the ExoMars rover in August, the ESA revealed that there were traces of microbial life on the planet. However, they weren’t able to find proof of complex life forms. The presence of nutrients and water on the surface of Mars made the microbes resilient.

Despite the setbacks encountered in the search for alien life, the question of whether or not humans are alone in the universe is still being pursued.

31-12-2022 om 00:00 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

2022: Another Year of Mysteries and Speculations About Extraterrestrial Life

aliens

More people are now qualified to study the subject of alien life after seeing the advancements in software tools that can help in the investigation of the matter.

The scientists suggested that advanced alien civilizations could try to limit their energy usage by going dark. This would prevent them from broadcasting signals to other extraterrestrial entities.

Israeli entrepreneur Yuri Milner, used the Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia

Despite the setbacks encountered in the search for alien life, the question of whether or not humans are alone in the universe is still being pursued.

31-12-2022 om 00:00 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

30-12-2022

The Solar Wind is Creating Water on the Surface of the Moon

BY ANDY TOMASWICK

The Solar Wind is Creating Water on the Surface of the Moon

Water on the Moon has been a hot topic in the research world lately. Since its first unambiguous discovery back in 2008. Since then, findings of it have ramped up, with relatively high concentration levels being discovered, especially near the polar regions, particularly in areas constantly shrouded in shadow. Chang’e 5, China’s recent sample return mission, didn’t land in one of those permanently shadowed areas. Still, it did return soil samples that were at a much higher latitude than any that had been previously collected. Now, a new study shows that those soil samples contain water and that the Sun’s solar wind directly impacted that water.

The amount of water on the lunar surface varies widely both based on the time of the lunar day and the latitude it is located at. There is so much variability that the water content of the lunar soil can be 200 ppm higher or lower at different times of the day. With that much variability, it seems clear that the Sun plays a significant role in the hydrological cycle there is on the Moon.

Part of that role is controlling the type of hydrogen embedded into the lunar soil. Since the Moon has almost no atmosphere to speak of, the charged hydrogen particles that make up the solar wind can directly interact with the top regolith layer on the lunar surface. When they do so, they leave behind a distinct sign that they do – a large amount of hydrogen atoms with very little deuterium.

UT video on the importance of water at the lunar poles.

Deuterium is a heavier form of hydrogen with an extra neutron in its nucleus. It is relatively rare on the solar wind, given that the neutron gives the extra mass, making it less likely to be caught up in the forces that create the wind. As such, hydrogen and whatever water it eventually forms from the solar wind would be distinctly lacking in water molecules that integrate deuterium.

That is exactly what researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences found on some of the soil samples returned by Chang’e 5. They had a high (~1000-2500 ppm) concentration of hydrogen but a relatively low concentration of deuterium. Importantly, this result was the case for the first 100 nm of soil collected, showing that the solar wind effect appears on the topmost layer of the regolith, as expected.

Also, the overall water concentration in the Chang’e 5 sample was estimated to be around 46 ppm, right around what was found using remote sensing prior to the lander touching down. Location also mattered a lot to this study, as the researchers attempted to use the concentration findings and feed them into a model that tracks the outgassing that was evidenced by lunar water at other latitudes. At the higher latitudes of Chang’e 5, there wasn’t as much variability as was found at lower latitudes by missions such as Apollo and Luna.

The search for lunar water continues in this UT video.

More importantly, the model also suggests that even higher latitudes, reaching up toward the poles, would have an even greater abundance of hydrogen. That lends credence to the theory that the lunar poles are one of the most likely places to find large amounts of water on the lunar surface. And it also feeds into the interest that the polar regions have garnered as the potential site of the first lunar research base. While that is still a long way off, the results from this study are an important step toward understanding this all-important feature of lunar hydrology.

Learn More:

Lead Image:

Graphic depicting hydrogen flying onto the surface of the Moon on the back of the solar wind.
Credit – Prof. LIN Yangting’s group

30-12-2022 om 21:21 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

Bizarre Alien Encounters: William Shatner’s Weird Or What Marathon

In this YouTube video, various strange and mysterious stories of alleged alien encounters are presented and explored.

One such encounter is described by Mexican farm workers, who claim to have captured a small, human-like creature in a barn. The creature, covered in oil and with gray, amazing eyes, was subjected to DNA testing and found to be genetically distinct from any known species. The creature’s strange appearance and the mysterious circumstances surrounding its capture and death have led some to speculate that it may be an alien or even a trans-dimensional being.

Another story tells of a woman named Cynthia Crawford, who believes she is the product of a secret government experiment to breed humans with aliens. She claims to have unusual physical abnormalities, such as thick skin and porous bones, and to possess a rare and mysterious blood type. Some speculate that she may be the result of an alien program to create human hybrids, while others believe her claims require extraordinary proof and may be the result of a covert intelligence program.

In Arizona, a man named Chuck Hall claims to have had multiple encounters with extraterrestrial beings while working as an Airman at an underground military base. He refers to these beings as “tall whites” and claims that they are hosted by the military in exchange for sharing the secrets of their advanced technology. Hall also asserts that the tall whites have a base on the star Arcturus and have been visiting Earth for thousands of years, according to ancient Greek legends.

Despite the strange and often incredible nature of these stories, they serve as a reminder of the vast unknowns that exist in the universe and the possibility that we are not alone.

30-12-2022 om 21:09 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Boeing 747 Pilot Captures Cigar-Shaped UFO on Camera, Shares Experience with Defying Known Technology

pilot-ufo

Captain Christiaan van Heijst of a Boeing 747 revealed that he has seen strange objects in the sky. He said that the objects flew at speeds of up to 23,000mph.

He is a highly regarded airman and an experienced aerial photographer from The Netherlands. However, he has never seen anything like these before. UFOs are typically regarded as a taboo subject.

In the past couple of years, the topic of UFOs has started to move. Due to the growing number of people talking about their experiences with these mysterious objects, the government admitted that they are indeed in the sky. This led to the formation of a new term called UAP, which stands for Unidentified Aerial Phenomenon.

According to Christiaan, he initially thought that these objects were military-related. However, after seeing them, he realized that they sounded very similar to the strange things he had seen in the past. For over two decades, he has been flying airplanes. Before he became a commercial pilot, he was a champion aerobatic pilot.

He has over 10,000 hours of flight time and 6,000 hours on the Boeing 747. While he believes that around 99 percent of the objects that he has seen in the sky are harmless, he still has a couple of unidentified sightings that he’s still baffled by.

Christiaan noted that as a pilot, his main objective is to keep the plane safe. Whenever he sees something that catches his attention, he immediately starts looking for it to determine if it’s a military plane or something that might affect his flight.

Since most pilots are trained observers, they don’t search for UAP. Instead, they rely on their knowledge of weather conditions and aerial observations to determine if the objects they see have a direct impact on their flight path. One of Christiaan’s most compelling sightings was over Greece, where he was flying near an aircraft carrier.

During his flight, he spotted a bright light in the sky that moved at an extremely high speed. Although he could not explain what caused the light, he said that it left no trail. He estimated that it flew at speeds of around Mach 30.

He was not sure if the object was connected to the aircraft carrier, which was involved in operations during the Iraq War. Other strange sightings include a falling light that he saw in the sky that moved rapidly before crashing to the ground.

He also reported seeing a ball of light flying across the Adriatic Sea. The object disappeared without a splash as it moved toward the sea. Christiaan also told The Sun Online that he came across a cigar-shaped object that he took with him in January 2010. The object lasted for over an hour.

Capt. Christiaan van Heijst Captures Picture of Mysterious Object Off the Coast of Spain.

Source: jpcvanheijst.com

He was traveling from Amsterdam to Malaga when he spotted the object in the sky about a hundred nautical miles ahead of him. According to air traffic control, there was no other aircraft flying in the area. The large and stationary object appeared to be blocking a portion of the sun.

It flew higher than commercial planes, and air traffic control did not find activity in the area. After taking a picture of the object, Christiaan was able to get an enhanced image of it using an AI system. The image was then analyzed by an agency that focuses on UFOs.

Although he doesn’t have a theory about what caused the objects in the sky to appear, Christiaan is still positive that one day, an explanation will be provided. He believes that the stigma surrounding UFO discussions will eventually break down.

Despite the possibility that there could be new atmospheric phenomena, it’s always better to analyze data without bias. For Christiaan, he used to disregard his own sightings as he was afraid that they might be too far fetched to consider seriously. He noted that colleagues often bring up the topic, though he rarely starts a dialogue himself.

According to him, his colleagues would often only discuss strange things with them once they believed they wouldn’t be able to explain it. He said that he was open to discussing his experiences with UFOs, though he avoids speculation.

Christiaan wanted to know what it was that he saw, as it could affect the safety of his plane. He noted that during the 1800s, the idea of rocks falling from the sky was regarded as a ridiculous notion. Today, most people believe that these are meteorites.

Despite the stigma surrounding UFOs, he believes that the situation will eventually break down eventually. He urged security agencies and aviation organizations around the world to keep investigating the phenomenon. He noted that he was very happy that the discussion about UFOs was starting to take place in the US.

He believes that eventually, people will start accepting the concept of UFOs, which will lead to the development of a more comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon.

He noted that collecting data is the only way to investigate what’s happening in the sky. Only then can we come up with an explanation as to what caused the objects to appear. In the US, a new investigation was launched after a series of leaked videos revealed that the military had encounters with alleged UFOs.

The government’s decision to declassify Project Blue Book, which detailed the activities of the UFOs during the 1960s, has led to a significant change in the way the topic is viewed. This discussion, which was once regarded as a fringe issue, has started to be discussed by prominent individuals.

His aerial photography can be found on his website and Instagram. He also recently appeared on YouTube to talk about his UAP encounters:

30-12-2022 om 20:44 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 30/12/2022

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 30/12/2022

SpaceX launches Israeli recon satellite in final flight of 2022, lands rocket in California

A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launched the Israeli Earth-imaging satellite EROS C-3 from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California on Dec. 29, 2022. The first stage of the rocket landed at a nearby SpaceX pad about 8 minutes into the flight.

Full Story: https://www.space.com/spacex-israeli-...

It was the 61st and final flight for SpaceX in 2022.

Credit: SpaceX

Ancient Aliens: Hidden Chamber Discovered in Great Pyramid

Ancient Astronaut Theorist, Georgio, takes a trip to Cairo, Egypt to check out a chamber discovered within the walls of the Great Pyramid.

Watch all new episodes of Ancient Aliens, Friday,

January 6th, at 9/8c, and next day on The HISTORY Channel website at

http://history.com/schedule. #AncientAliens

'Boss Mark' Found Deep Inside The Great Pyramid? 👨‍💼

6 US launch companies 2022 are doing better, even humiliated Jeff's Blue Origin after SpaceX

6 US launch companies 2022 are doing better, even humiliated Jeff's Blue Origin after SpaceX. There is no doubt that 2022 was out of this world! 2022 will go down in the history books as one of the most accomplished years across all U.S. space companies.
The biggest dog is definitely SpaceX with United Launch Alliance starting to nip at its heels.
There is only a big black sheep worth noting, Blue Origin. Jeff Bezos's space company has long had the potential to become a dominant US launch company. Certainly, no company is spending more toward that goal, except SpaceX.
Pitifully, the results they achieved are completely unworthy.
In fact, 6 US launch companies are doing better and humiliating Jeff's Blue Origin in 2022.
Find out all about this in today's episode of Alpha Tech:

No. 1: SpaceX
Was there any doubt? This year, the California-based launch company launched 60 rockets, with 100 percent mission success. More than 90 percent of these launches have taken place on previously flown first stages and the majority with reused payload fairings.

By every possible measure, 2022 has been a groundbreaking year for SpaceX even when considering the vast list of achievements it’s racked up over the last half-decade. It owns and operates the largest satellite constellation in history by an order of magnitude. Its Starlink satellite internet service has secured more than a million subscribers less than two years after entering beta. It operates the only routinely reusable orbital-class rockets and orbital spacecraft currently in service. Its Falcon 9 workhorse has launched more in one year than any other single rocket in history. It’s regularly launching at a pace that hasn’t been sustained by any one country – let alone a single company – in 40 years. It’s managing that near-historic cadence while simultaneously recovering and reusing boosters and fairings that represent some 70% of the value of almost every rocket it launches.

Thanks to its aggressive efforts to develop, test, and prove the capability to reuse Falcon 9 first stages, SpaceX was able to dramatically increase its launch capacity this year at a critical juncture. When Russia invaded Ukraine, Western access to the Russian Soyuz rocket ended. SpaceX was able to scale up its launch cadence accordingly, helping OneWeb, the European Space Agency, and others with launch needs that resulted from the war.
6 US launch companies 2022 are doing better, even humiliated Jeff's Blue Origin after SpaceX

It's over! NASA says goodbye to "InSight probe" after 4 years on Mars

It's over! NASA says goodbye to "InSight probe" after 4 years on Mars
This is NASA's InSight spacecraft, an acronym for Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy, and Heat Transport, launched to Mars in May 2018 and landed later that year in November. Its mission is to learn more about how Mars' interior is layered so scientists can compare Mars with what we know about other planets and Earth.
Sadly, after a long struggle with Martian dust, NASA’s InSight probe has now gone quiet.
It's time for Farewell to Insight!

NASA's InSight lander has probably phoned home for the last time from the planet Mars.

The space agency said the spacecraft did not respond to communications from Earth on Sunday, December 18. The lack of communications came as the lander's power-generating capacity has been declining in recent months due to the accumulation of Martian dust on its solar panels. NASA said that it is "assumed" that InSight has reached the end of its operations but that it will continue to try to contact the lander in the coming days.

"It's assumed InSight may have reached the end of its operations," NASA said late Monday, adding that its last communication was Thursday. "It's unknown what prompted the change in its energy."

Also, also on Monday, the InSight Twitter account shared a photo with a message saying this was probably the last photo it was sent from Mars.

"My power's really low, so this may be the last image I can send," the team wrote on InSight's behalf. "Don't worry about me though: my time here has been both productive and serene. If I can keep talking to my mission team, I will — but I'll be signing off here soon. Thanks for staying with me."

Actually, the solar-powered lander issued an update last month, reminiscing on its time in space.

“I’ve been lucky enough to live on two planets. Four years ago, I arrived safely at the second one, to the delight of my family back on the first. Thanks to my team for sending me on this journey of discovery. Hope I’ve done you proud,” it said.
It's over! NASA says goodbye to "InSight probe" after 4 years on Mars

TUNGUSKA METEORITE: What’s There Now? What Happened in Tunguska Event?

The Tunguska event happened over 100 years ago but is still considered one of the most mysterious phenomenons of the 20th century. A Russian journalist decided to travel all the way to the Tunguska epicenter and look for himself - what's there now? And what caused it all?

If you liked this video, please feel free to like and subscribe!
And share the link with your friends: it helps a lot!
Thanks for watching!

These Mysterious Secrets from the Mayan Pyramids Are Causing New Theories for Researchers!

Pyramids are among the most fascinating structures of the past - but it wasn't just the ancient Egyptians who pounded these colossal structures out of the ground. Many other cultures, such as the ancient Chinese or the indigenous people of Latin America, also demonstrated their incomparable skill in building pyramids. But although these stone testimonies were completed centuries ago, they still hide many secrets from days long past. Today we would like to focus on the mystical Mayan pyramids and show you why the gigantic buildings are always the focus of exciting theories.

#TheUnknownList

The Biggest Space Discoveries and Breakthroughs of 2022! What a Stunning Year!

2022 has been a busy year for space exploration and discovery. Thanks to a variety of exciting missions, we have been able to see the cosmos like never before. From the James Webb Space Telescope viewing the first galaxies to the DART mission crashing into an asteroid! Above our heads, incredible things were being achieved. Join me as we check out 2022's most significant space discoveries!

Skinwalker Ranch: New Evidence of Paranormal Activity, UFOs, Ghosts (Part 4) | The Basement Office

Allegedly one of the most haunted places on Earth, Skinwalker Ranch spans 500 eerie acres across eastern Utah. And while stories of paranormal activity at the property are in no short supply, hard evidence has eluded experts.

Real estate millionaire Brandon Fugal acquired the land back in 2016, and ever since has been eager to prove that the legends about the ranch are actually true. Steven Greenstreet , host and producer of “The Basement Office”, interviews owner Brandon Fugal and his team of investigators.

Skeptical of past myths, but open minded to the possibility of new discoveries, Greenstreet sets out on an exclusive tour of the heavily surveilled property, combs through hours of video footage, and works with experts to try and find a glimmer of truth.

WATCH PART THREE:

https://youtu.be/8Bp0weO-hiI

WATCH PART ONE:

https://youtu.be/VwfaAz9kxcc

WATCH PART TWO:

https://youtu.be/sCQRMGOc9

The Secret Science of World War II - Full Documentary

In the crucible of World War II, Germany’s most brilliant scientists raced to create an arsenal of terrifying new weapons of mass destruction, even an atomic bomb. Before the war ended, they produced a series of technological firsts that were the basis for many modern-day air and spacecraft. This documentary highlights the inventions of Wernher von Braun, Werner Heisenberg, and many others.

30-12-2022 om 20:11 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

29-12-2022

Stone Giant Unearthed Among God Heads At Aizanoi

By ASHLEY COWIE

Stone Giant Unearthed Among God Heads At Aizanoi

Researchers digging in the ancient city of Aizanoi have announced the discovery of many new artifacts and works. But the discovery of an “almost intact” statue of a giant man with one foot takes the archaeological biscuit.

The ancient city of Aizanoi was founded as a Phrygian city on the western end of the Phrygia kingdom, in the present-day Çavdarhisar district of the western Anatolian province of Kütahya in Turkey. Aizanoi was home to the Aizanitisians, Phrygians, Greeks, Romans and Byzantines and the site was rediscovered by European travelers in 1824. The German Archaeological Institute began excavating in 1926 and works resumed in 1970, with them having accelerated significantly over the last two years.

At this site, that’s listed on the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List , over the years archaeologists have unearthed ancient stone heads and bodies depicting Greek gods and goddesses such as Eros, Dionysus, Aphrodite and the demigod Herakles. This season, archaeologists greatly added to their expanding haul from this site and they have announced the discovery of “many large and small pieces of marble sculptures,” including an “almost intact” giant man carved in stone.

Almost intact statue recently uncovered at Aizanoi. (Dumlupınar University)

Almost intact statue recently uncovered at Aizanoi.

( Dumlupınar University )

Bridge Building Amidst Stone Giants

Excavation leader, Gokhan Coskun of Dumlupınar University, said if these newly discovered statues were complete they would reach “3 meters (9.84 ft) to 3.5 meters (11.48 ft) in height.” The “almost intact statue,” representing the only one of its type so far discovered, features a gigantic (in ancient Roman terms) man measuring 2 meters 10 centimeters (6’ 10”) high. The statue is missing only half of its pedestal and one foot. And besides all of these unearthed human and god forms, the archaeologists also discovered building blocks from bridge No 3, and they even unearthed a sundial.

Another god’s head uncovered at Aizanoi. (Dumlupınar University)

Another god’s head uncovered at Aizanoi.

( Dumlupınar University )

From the Bronze Age till the late seventh century, and then again by the Çavdar Tatars in the 13th century, the ancient city of Aizanoi was constantly occupied. Ancient Origins reported in November 2021 that the site’s excavation coordinator, Gokhan Coskun, told the Greek Herald that “the bodies of the statues were found in a previous dig, whilst the 5000-year-old Greek statue heads of the Greek goddess of love and beauty, Aphrodite and Greek god of wine, Dionysus, were unearthed in a creek bed in the ancient city.

Archaeologists cleaning off another statue head at the site. (Dumlupınar University)

Archaeologists cleaning off another statue head at the site.

( Dumlupınar University )

Unearthing A Once Thriving Elite Ancient City

During the Hellenistic Period the ancient city of Aizanoi was controlled by the hegemonies of the Pergamon and Bithynia Kingdoms, only coming under Roman control in 133 BC. Gökhan Coşkun told Hurriyet Daily that the newly discovered statues date back “2,000 years”, and said “new artifacts are found every day.” Coşkun declared that this season's “surprising finds made the team very excited,” and especially in the area where the bridge crossed the Penkalas Stream.

According to a report on DPU Habar , the ancient city of Aizanoi, which dates back to 3,000 BC, was equipped with a theatre, stadium, agora and Zeus Temple . This year, “80 workers and 20 technical staff” focused on the Penkalas Stream area where they restored a Roman-era marble bridge (No: 2) and continued rebuilding the currently completely ruined bridge (No: 3). While the recovery of these bridges will inform the archaeologists about ancient building methods and processes, the world looks on in awe at the swelling collection of human bodies and heads dating back 1,800-2,000 years ago”.

Heads of gods and humans just kept emerging from the mud. (Dumlupınar University)

Heads of gods and humans just kept emerging from the mud.

( Dumlupınar University )

Quest For The Giant’s Missing Foot

Every year archaeologists dig a little deeper into the rubble that is the ancient city of Aizanoi, and more and more bodies and heads of humans and gods are brought to the surface. However, as the artifacts pile up a big outstanding question becomes amplified, among both the researchers and the public. How, or rather why, did all of the carved heads become detached from the statue’s bodies?

In 2021 Mail Online reported that it was “not yet clear” how the heads and bodies were separated, and still today this remains unanswered. But so far as educated guesses go, it is thought most probable that an ancient stone masons' school, or a sculpture workshop “produced the magnificent statues,” according to Gokhan Coskun. The researcher concluded that his team was “very excited” about the statue they found in the recent excavations, which is ‘almost’ completely preserved, and he said they hope to find the giant man’s missing half pedestal and foot in 2023.

Top image: Statue emerging from red mud at Aizanoi.
Source: Dumlupınar University

By Ashley Cowie

{https://www.ancient-origins.net/ }

29-12-2022 om 23:34 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ARCHEOLOGIE ( E, Nl, Fr )

New Measurements of Galaxy Rotation Lean Towards Modified Gravity as an Explanation for Dark Matter

BY BRIAN KOBERLEIN

New Measurements of Galaxy Rotation Lean Towards Modified Gravity as an Explanation for Dark Matter

Although dark matter is a central part of the standard cosmological model, it’s not without its issues. There continue to be nagging mysteries about the stuff, not the least of which is the fact that scientists have found no direct particle evidence of it. Despite numerous searches, we have yet to detect dark matter particles. So some astronomers favor an alternative, such as Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MoND) or modified gravity model. And a new study of galactic rotation seems to support them.

The idea of MoND was inspired by galactic rotation. Most of the visible matter in a galaxy is clustered in the middle, so you’d expect that stars closer to the center would have faster orbital speeds than stars farther away, similar to the planets of our solar system. What we observe is that stars in a galaxy all rotate at about the same speed. The rotation curve is essentially flat rather than dropping off. The dark matter solution is that galaxies are surrounded by a halo of invisible matter, but in 1983 Mordehai Milgrom argued that our gravitational model must be wrong.

Rotation curve of the typical spiral galaxy M 33 (yellow and blue points with errorbars) and the predicted one from distribution of the visible matter (white line). The discrepancy between the two curves is accounted for by adding a dark matter halo surrounding the galaxy.

Credit: Public domain / Wikipedia

At interstellar distances, the gravitational attraction between stars is essentially Newtonian. So rather than modifying general relativity, Milgrom proposed modifying Newton’s Universal Law of Gravity. He argued that rather than the force of attraction is a pure inverse square relation, gravity has a small remnant pull regardless of distance. This remnant is only about 10 trillionths of a gee, but it’s enough to explain galactic rotation curves.

Of course, just adding a small term to Newton’s gravity means that you also have to modify Einstein’s equations as well. So MoND has been generalized in various ways, such as AQUAL, which stands for A Quadradic Lagrangian. Both AQUAL and the standard LCDM model can explain observed galactic rotation curves, but there are some subtle differences.

Measured shift between inner and outer stellar motions.

Credit: Kyu-Hyun Chae

This is where a recent study comes in. One difference between AQUAL and LCDM is in the rotation speeds of inner orbit stars vs outer orbit stars. For LCDM, both should be governed by the distribution of matter, so the curve should be smooth. AQUAL predicts a tiny kink in the curve due to the dynamics of the theory. It’s too small to measure in a single galaxy, but statistically, there should be a small shift between the inner and outer velocity distributions. So the author of this paper looked at high-resolution velocity curves of 152 galaxies as observed in the Spitzer Photometry and Accurate Rotation Curves (SPARC) database. He found a shift in agreement with AQUAL. The data seems to support modified gravity over standard dark matter cosmology.

The result is exciting, but it doesn’t conclusively overturn dark matter. Thye AQUAL model has its own issues, such as its disagreement with observed gravitational lensing by galaxies. But it is a win for the underdog theory, which has some astronomers cheering “Vive le MoND!”

Reference:

Chae, Kyu-Hyun. “Distinguishing Dark Matter, Modified Gravity, and Modified Inertia with the Inner and Outer Parts of Galactic Rotation Curves.” The Astrophysical Journal 941.1 (2022): 55.

29-12-2022 om 23:19 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

Giant Triangle UFO Below Surface Of Sun, Dec 29, 2022, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Dec 29, 2022

Location of sighting: Earths Sun

Guys this is huge, a triangle object was sticking out of our sun, visible below the surface for a few minutes today. The object was big, about 25X the diameter of Earth. Yes thats big, too big for humans to make right now, but after a billion years of technological evolution our species will have such abilities too. The sun is a huge power station and aliens have learned how to harness and use its power. Imagine charging up that ship for free! They did it, so it can be done.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

29-12-2022 om 22:22 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:Ruins, strange artifacts on other planets, moons, ed ( Fr, EN, NL )

Did You See Avatar: The Way of Water? It Made The Alien Na'vi Look Bad, UFO Sighting News.

Hey I took my family to see the new Avatar movie last night. And I walked away feeling confused about what I just watched. Why would director James Cameron make a movie that depicts the blue native Na'vi people as the bully? Please read my message on Twitter to the director and you will understand or perhaps you saw the movie and felt something odd like I did. To me, I would expect an epic movie like Avatar to show the Na'vi as kind, thoughtful, nature loving, and full of love. But this was not the case. Something was really off. For too long, Hollywood has portrayed aliens as cruel, heartless, aggressive, the bully, and they did it again with Avatar!

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

29-12-2022 om 22:03 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )

Three Glowing Orbs Over Clermont, Florida Dec 25, 2022, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Dec 25, 2022

Location of sighting: Clermont, Florida, USA

Here are some awesome glowing orbs over Florida. The area is known for glowing orange sphere which were first recorded by Dr Steven Green many years ago and continue to be seen here in this video. Absolute proof that Florida is shared not only with humans, but aliens.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

Eyewitness states:

My wife and I were on a date in Downtown Clermont, FL, sitting on the dock of Lake Minneola. I’m an avid sky watcher and noticed 3 bright orange orbs in the sky that looked like nothing I’ve seen before. Definitely not planes (you can see a plane traveling in the opposite direction and the subsequent blinking lights) I noticed the first one, and it had vanished by the time I had gotten my phone out to record the other two. They all followed close to the same flight path and just seemed to vanish when they reached a certain point. This follows closely to other sightings I’ve seen online with 2 or 3 of these orange orbs doing exactly this.

29-12-2022 om 21:51 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Mysterious Object At NASA Space Station, Dec 27, 2022 UFO Sighting News.

Hey all, hope you have a good holiday. I found this strange object moving past the space station this week and the camera follows it so thats 100% proof that the astronauts saw this object. But the question is...what is it? Since there was no communication heard, the possibilities are endless, but the objects shape, color and movement do conform to past UFOs recorded by the live cam. Watch the video and tell me your thoughts of what it is, but leave comments on my Youtube channel video area.

Thanks,

Scott Waring - Taiwan

29-12-2022 om 21:46 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

HAARP hit an asteroid with 9.6 million radio waves - Preparation against Apophis?

Scientists at the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) and NASA want to examine the 2010 XC15 space rock to test their preparation against Apophis. This dangerous asteroid might hit our planet in 2029. It is believed that on April 13, 2029, Apophis will be 10 times closer to Earth than the moon.

The researchers will use the HAARP (High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program) array to shoot 9.6 megahertz radio waves at the 500-foot-wide 2010 XC15 asteroid.

HAARP is a government-funded research program that generally studies the ionosphere (part of Earth’s atmosphere at 50 to 400 miles above the surface). However, this will be the first time it will be employed to examine an asteroid.

Astronomers have been shooting radio waves in space to spot asteroids; figure out their shape, trajectory, structure of their surface, and many other characteristics. For this purpose, they use radio waves having frequency ranges either in the S-band (2,000 to 4,000 MHz) or X-band (8,000 to 12,000 MHz).

Interestingly, for probing 2010 XC15, the researchers are using waves of much lower frequency (9.6 MHz) and longer wavelengths because, this time, they don’t just want to explore the surface of the asteroid. They want to know what’s inside.

Information about the interiors could reveal important details about the damage that an asteroid could cause and help scientists figure out an effective counter-strategy.

Flashback: On December 27, the distance between 2010 XC15 and Earth will be around twice the distance between Earth and the moon. HAARP will be shooting 9.6 million chirping radio waves every second to this distance, and this process will be repeated every two seconds. This test is crucial because if the researchers can successfully examine 2010 XC15 using low-frequency radio waves at such a long distance. Then they could easily employ the same method to analyze Apophis.

Although the 2029 asteroid is most likely to miss Earth, in case it doesn’t, the consequences could be catastrophic.

For instance, in response to an FAQ that explores the possibility of Apophis hitting Earth, The Planetary Society wrote on its website, “Apophis would cause widespread destruction up to several hundred kilometers from its impact site. The energy released would be equal to more than 1,000 megatons of TNT, or tens to hundreds of nuclear weapons.”

Moreover, Apophis is just one asteroid. There will be many asteroids that will pass by, or might even hit, Earth in the future. Low-frequency radio waves could play a key role in understanding the composition of these mysterious space objects and, at the same time, help us strengthen our planetary defense mechanism.

However, before all this happens, HAARP and its low-frequency radio waves will have to pass their first test, which indeed has been carried out on December 27.

If the experiment worked, the pulses also reached asteroid 2010 XC15, which passed by Earth on Dec. 27th at a distance of 770,000 km. Researchers from NASA and the University of Alaska pinged 2010 XC15 with shortwave radio signals to probe the asteroid's interior--a first if it worked. They are still waiting for confirmation that the reflections were received, as expected, by antenna arrays in California and New Mexico.

They say that the 2029 Asteroid Apophis is most likely to miss Earth, but the fact that they perform this first test indicates that they are not 100 percent sure whether it will hit the Earth or not.

Also interesting is that they want to know what's inside asteroids, such as Apophis, but what will happen if they discover that the inside of an asteroid is made up of advanced technology, a hollow spacecraft built by aliens and disguised as an asteroid, like the infamous space rock ‘Oumuamua’.

29-12-2022 om 21:33 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Former Equerry to Queen Elizabeth II Claims to Have Met an Extraterrestrial Being

alien-humanoid

Air Marshal Sir Peter Horsley, a highly credible and vetted individual who served as Equerry to Her Majesty The Queen and Prince Philip, claims to have had an encounter with an extraterrestrial mind reading humanoid in 1954. Horsley, who had a successful career as a pilot and Deputy Chief of Strike Command, only felt comfortable sharing this extraordinary experience in his retirement. Predict

In an interview with Timothy Good, Horsley recalls that he didn’t have to voice his questions to the extraterrestrial and that they were answered for him. While Horsley did not provide an explanation for the encounter, he noted that it took him nearly 45 years to come forward with the story, even though it occurred over six decades ago.

Interestingly, Horsley mentioned that the subject of UFOs was discussed among high-ranking officials, including Prince Philip, during his time at Buckingham Palace. Prince Philip reportedly encouraged Horsley to conduct research into the subject, as long as it didn’t bring any negative publicity to the palace.

Air Marshal Sir Peter Horsley’s Incredible Encounter with an Extraterrestrial Mind Reader

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

29-12-2022 om 20:35 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Mysterious UFO Sighting in Florida Leaves Witnesses Baffled

Here’s one interesting UFO sighting video that was submitted to me through our Facebook page. This strange event happened on October 31st, 2022 around 2pm in Ocala, Florida.

Over the years, various reports of UFO sightings have been reported in Florida. Many of these incidents remain unexplained, and the public has been debating if these are actually extraterrestrial visitors or if they are the result of man-made or natural phenomena.

In 1997, a group of witnesses claimed to have spotted a UFO flying over the Everglades. It was described as a large triangular object that had bright lights on its corners. It disappeared into the clouds as it hovered over the swamp.

In 2002, a group of people claimed to have spotted a glowing and mysterious object in the sky over Gainesville. The object was described as having a cigar-shaped body and a dome-like top. It was seen hovering over the area for around 10 minutes before it disappeared.

In 2010, a group of individuals, including an employee of NASA, claimed to have spotted a UFO over the Kennedy Space Center. The object was described as a bright and glowing object that flew in the sky for several minutes before it disappeared.

29-12-2022 om 19:56 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 29 -12-2022

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 29 -12 - 2022

See NASA's SWOT satellite deploy its antennas in space

NASA's Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite's large mast and antenna panels of the spacecraft’s main science instrument were full deployed over the course of 4 days. The "two antennas belong to the groundbreaking Ka-band Radar Interferometer (KaRIn) instrument," according to NASA.

Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/CNES

Why Nuclear Starship could solve all Elon Musk's Problem "Colonizing Mars"?

China launches 'experiment' satellite atop Long March 3B rocket

A Chinese Long March 3B rocket launched the Shiyan-10 02 satellite from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center on Dec. 29, 2022.

The satellite "will be used for in-orbit verification of new technologies, including space environment monitoring," according to China Central Television.

The English translation of Shiyan is "experiment."

Credit: China Central Television (CCTV)

Future Technologies That Will Revolutionize Our World | Tech Effect Compilation | Spark

Murky Waters Threatens Deep Dive Search | The Bermuda Triangle: Into Cursed Waters (Season 1)

Mark and his team dive into deep waters to search for remains from the Snowy Grouper wreck. See more in this clip from Season 1, "Alien Abyss."

Watch new episodes of The Bermuda Triangle: Into Cursed Waters, Tuesdays at 10/9c, and stay up to date on all of your favorite The HISTORY Channel shows at history.com/schedule

New Mysterious Discovery in Sahara Shocks Researchers! What Are These Shapes All About?

In the midst of the barren desert, far from roads, cities or any sign of life, the Sahara is adorned with some striking details in the sand. These are dozens of geometrically arranged structures that stretch along a straight line for kilometers through central Algeria. Typically, these structures have a central point that is surrounded by 12 others - just as we know it from the dials of our watches. The first recordings of these mysterious circles spilled over the web last year - but the lively discussions in the comment columns were not intended to definitively answer the question of who created the objects. Today we would like to get to the bottom of this great mystery together with you!

#TheUnknownList

29-12-2022 om 19:44 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Glowing UFO Filmed Above India Suddenly Vanishes, Leaving Witnesses Baffled

BY DOUGLAS CHARLES

ufos in the sky

ISTOCKPHOTO

A mysterious UFO spotted in the night sky above several districts of West Bengal, India last week had locals wondering what exactly was happening.

Footage of the glowing UFO posted to social media led to much speculation as to what it was and why it suddenly vanished without a trace.

According to the Mirror…

The strange conical shapes light looks like a torch’s beam, but it’s far too high in the sky and the light appears from nowhere, as the Daily Star reports. At the beginning of the trail, there is a small glowing orb that resembles a meteorite or a reversed rocket launch, but witnesses said the light disappeared in an instant – ruling out both explanations.

The Daily Star reports…

Some local UFO buffs claimed the sight was of an alien ship, while others reckoned it was a satellite, with one resident saying: “It is very close,” with another commenting: “Doesn’t it look like a UFO. The light has vanished.”

Initially, officials were just as concerned and launched an investigation into what could have caused the phenomena.

As social media in India was flooded with people wanting an explanation for the strange UFO, many guesses were made.

Some expressed that they believed the object was a meteor or comet.

“People are scared of what is this. We didn’t listen to any sound like aircraft totally silent we see only light, sometimes after it disappeared in the sky,” one Twitter user wrote.

After much speculation, India Today claimed that what locals actually witnessed in the night sky was just “the latest operational test of Agni-V, India’s long-range, nuclear-capable, surface-to-surface ballistic missile.”

The missile was launched from the APJ Abdul Kalam Island off the Odisha coast and the government had cleared massive airspace for the test launch, which spread over 5,000 kilometers. Agni-V can bring almost the entire Asia, including the northernmost part of China, as well as some regions in Europe under its striking range. The Agni 1 to 4 missiles have ranges from 700 km to 3,500 km.

If true, is that any less scary than a UFO? And why did it suddenly vanish?

And does it also explain these other UFO sightings near the same location?

The truth is out there.

{ https://brobible.com/ }

29-12-2022 om 01:47 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Multiple Witnesses In Different Locations Capture Video Of UFOs In Rural Wisconsin Sky

BY DOUGLAS CHARLES

ufos in night sky

ISTOCKPHOTO

Multiple witnesses across rural Wisconsin captured video of strange UFOs shooting across the night skies from different locations.

Footage of the UFOs was taken by several independent witnesses around West Bend and Fredonia in rural Wisconsin on December 1.

The Daily Mail reports that the witnessses “did not know each other and filmed the lights at the same time from different locations, according to their video metadata.”

Two of the witnesses, Kimberly, 52, a salon owner from West Bend, and Ken, 54, a former police officer and financial services worker in Fredonia, shared their footage with the Mail.

“All of a sudden we saw what looked to be a white owl swoop from the upper right hand top of the trees, down in front of the headlights, and up to the left,” Kimberly told DailyMail.com.

She and her husband were driving home at around 10:45 p.m. when they saw the lights.

“And as we’re both leaning forward into the windshield, we start seeing these lights, similar to what I caught in the video,” she said. “We just couldn’t wrap our heads around what we were seeing.”

Ken shot his UFO video at the same time as Kimberly only about five miles northeast of her.

Another witness, Andrea Lynn, wrote on social media about a similar UFO sighting on Facebook. She was located 80 miles north and her sighting took place around 7 p.m.

“Has anyone in the Green Bay area seen the random groups of lights in the sky flying around? Any idea on what they are?” she asked.

“I reached out to the National Weather service, and they told me they saw the same lights again a week later.”

The next day, teacher Chris Nowak was about 35 miles away when he too saw similar odd lights in the sky at around 6:55 p.m.

“I’ve really never seen anything like it before,” Nowak told DailyMail.com. “It was like a row of illumination through the clouds, and it would pulse through the sky incredibly quickly.”

After stopping to film the phenomenon, Nowak says “it shot through the clouds and broke off into like three different beams from there. It moved at an incredible speed. It cleared down to the edge of the entire sky very, very quickly.”

He, like Kimberly, dismissed the idea that the UFOs were just spotlights.

“I’ve seen spotlights, we’ve taken our kids to Disney,” he said. “You see spotlights on clouds… That just has a much different look than what we were seeing.”

Related:

Pentagon’s New Investigative UFO Office Has Received ‘Several Hundreds’ Of Reports

When asked about the strange UFO footage shot by multiple people in Wisconsin, former FBI agent Ben Hansen, host of the show UFO Witness on Discovery+, “Not only is there no evidence that any advertising spotlights have recently been permitted or used in this very rural area, the intensity and speed of the lights doesn’t comport with conventional technology.”

A meteorologist and a Milwaukee Federal Aviation Administration controller both stated that they saw nothing on their radars during the UFO sightings in Wisconsin.

“These latest sightings are kind of reminiscent of the ‘Foo Fighter‘ lights that were described by pilots during WWII or the lights that buzzed Washington D.C. in 1952,” said Hansen.

{ https://brobible.com/ }

29-12-2022 om 01:12 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Pentagon’s UFO office inundated with unexplained sightings

Pentagon’s UFO office inundated with unexplained sightings

By: Liam McAneny

Ever wondered whether humans were alone in the universe? A new office at the US Pentagon has received hundreds of reports of unidentified flying objects since it was set up in July.

The new All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO) was created back in July this year and was tasked with the job of tracking and investigating reports of “unidentified anomalous phenomena”.

The phrase unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) was chosen several years ago as a replacement for the moniker of UFO, to reduce stigma and to widen the net of unidentified objects that would be investigated.

As defined by the US Department of Defense, a UAP is any object in space, air, or land or in or under the sea that cannot be identified. The second prong of the definition for the purpose of the AARO office is that the object may pose a threat to US military operations or installations.

The AARO began their investigations starting with the historical reports of UAP encounters reported between 2004 and 2021, which encompassed 144 events. Of these 144 encounters, the AARO said that 80 of them were captured on “multiple sensors”.

These statistics were announced publicly by the director of national intelligence in June last year. This announcement, in addition to the establishment of the AARO office for the express purpose of investigating these phenomena and a rare Congressional hearing in May into UAPs has led to significant increases in reports of UAPS.

The director of the AARO, Sean Kirkpatrick, said that the office has “had lots more reporting” since it was set up, before going on to clarify the number was in the “several hundreds”.

Some of the AARO’s findings and investigations will be revealed in an updated report due to be produced by the director of national intelligence before the end of the year.

Kirkpatrick provided more comments on his agency’s mission, as well as emphasising their commitment to producing accurate and scientific findings.

“We have an important and yet challenging mission to lead an interagency effort to document, collect, analyse and when possible, resolve reports of any unidentified anomalous phenomena.

"We apply the highest analytic and scientific standards,” he said.

"We execute our mission objectively and without sensationalism and we do not rush to conclusions.”

One of the difficulties of past “UFO” investigations was that often, the US government’s own activities were to blame, but due to high-level classification, those reporting or investigating the incidents could not be informed of the true nature of the object they had witnessed.

Kirkpatrick said that this time, the AARO has made sure to work closely with various military and intelligence services within the government to avoid the same situation happening again.

“We are setting up very clear mechanisms with our ‘blue’ programs, both our DOD and IC programs, to deconflict any observations that come in with ‘blue’ activity to ensure that we weed those out and we can identify those fairly early on.”

{ https://www.defenceconnect.com.au/ }

29-12-2022 om 00:59 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:UFOs , UAPs , USOS

The Weird Things We Learned About UFOs In 2022

Flying,Saucer,Ufo,Over,Bluff/,Cliff,Side,In,Summer,,Clear

KAY SMYTHE - NEWS AND COMMENTARY WRITER

We didn’t get full disclosure on what exactly all these unidentified flying objects/aerial phenomena (UFOs/UAPs) are in 2022, but we did learn some pretty weird things about our neighbors in the universe.

We went through a “UFO turning point” in 2022, according to Space. “The effort to detect, track and measure the UFO phenomenon in the field, in real time, has recently entered a new phase,” scientific director of the Center for UFO Studies in Chicago Mark Rodeghier told the outlet. “The technology has gotten better, software tools have improved and the current interest in UFOs has attracted new, qualified professionals. As a consequence, we will have even more evidence — as if it was needed — that the UFO phenomenon is real and can be studied scientifically.”

It’s unclear whether the specific scientific advancements described by Rodgehier are being employed by the All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO), a group funded by the 2022 National Defense Authorization Act and tasked with investigating all cases and incidents relating to UFOs/UAPs.

Freedom of Information Act requests filed in 2022 for disclosure on AARO investigations were rejected, with the Navy claiming the videos they’ve collected would “harm national security” if released.

Warnings from late physicist Stephen Hawking about potential threats to our national and planetary security were utterly ignored throughout 2022. Hawking cautioned that broadcasting messages throughout the cosmos could lead to a violent takeover of our humble little planet. Still, various groups decided to beam Earth’s exact location and various other information about our species into space in April using the SETI Institute’s Allen Telescope Array in California and the Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope in China.

Another message was sent out in May, alerting any alien listeners to Earth’s climate crisis, according to Space. This particular message was sent to the TRAPPIST-1 planetary system that is believed to host at least seven planets with a similar makeup to our own.

(RELATED: Pilots Report String Of Recent UFO Sightings)

In June, a report from China stated that a radio telescope had detected alien signals, but the report was quickly deleted. Scientists suggested that the Chinese actually picked up signals of human origin, but just days before, NASA joined the hunt for UFOs. Coincidence? Perhaps.

It would be really great if 2023 gave everyone on Earth conclusive evidence that we are not alone in the universe. It’s going to be a tough year, if you’re capable of listening to financial and sociological experts, and we might need all the help we can get.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://dailycaller.com/ }

29-12-2022 om 00:44 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Mysterious Object At NASA Space Station, Dec 27, 2022 UFO Sighting News.

Mysterious Object At NASA Space Station, Dec 27, 2022 UFO Sighting News.

29-12-2022 om 00:22 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

28-12-2022

The ‘Tunisian Atlantis’, an ancient civilization under the sands of Africa

Zack White

Over the centuries many stories related to the existence and mysterious disappearance of Atlantis have been written . That is why it is considered one of the most widespread and interesting myths of classical prehistory. According to the legend, this advanced civilization sank under the waters without leaving any trace.

Unfortunately, ruins or archaeological remains could never be located, suggesting its possible location somewhere on the planet. Although different personalities throughout history have published their research providing interesting data on the subject.

One of those characters was the famous Greek writer Plato, who described a probable place where Atlantis would have been . But he was not the only one who dared to do it, in recent times other researchers have done it too. As incredible as it may seem, there is a coincidence on these possible places, it is about what is currently Tunisia.

Evidence of the existence of a Tunisian Atlantis

The country that we know today as Tunisia , has one of the oldest historical records of humanity. Archaeological excavations carried out to the south revealed that the region was inhabited by people 100,000 years ago .

Hence, Tunisia has been the cradle of some of the most developed cultures and civilizations in Europe. It was also recognized and mentioned by both ancient Greek and Egyptian writers.

Even the prestigious philosopher Plato of Greece, 2,400 years ago, came to point out that in ancient Tunisia there was a specific place, where the extinct Atlantis could have been based. It is not a secret that Plato dedicated himself for many years to that unsuccessful search and the tests led him to that conclusion.

In particular, Plato was referring to a place that by his description corresponds to the current city of Tozeur, very close to the many salt lakes that exist in the region.

Modern scholars agree with Plato

Efforts to try to find the location of the disappeared Atlantis have lasted over time, involving people of different times and nationalities. There are two personalities who, in the 1920s, agreed with Plato, when mentioning a certain place in Tunisia as the location of the lost civilization.

One of them was the scholar Albert Herrmann, who by deduction managed to establish a connection between the Chott el Djerid salt lake , with the Tritonis lake mentioned by Plato in his investigations. According to several writings made by the Greek literati, they located said lake in some part of the south of present-day Tunisia.

On the other hand, Dr. Paul Borchardt , a great scholar of the 20s, toured Tunisia driven by his research to establish the location of Atlantis. After years of collecting information and comparing ancient data, he concluded that under the sands of that country was the lost civilization.

Specifically, he pointed out that it could have been found somewhere between the modern city of Gabes ( Tacapae ) and the dry lake of Tritonis or Chott el Djerid. Gabes’s roots are very ancient, so much so that the ancient Greeks mention her by name in several of their reviews.

The salty lakes of Tunisia: a great enigma

Borchardt ‘s research highlights that the Hammeina dry lake was possibly an offshoot of the Chott el Djerid. This led him to conclude, by simple deduction, that on some occasion this lake had the name ” The Lake of the Atlanteans “, which was later called Tritonis.

It is interesting to note that Paul Borchardt himself led, for some time, a series of excavations around the Gabes dry lakes. The results were surprising, since ruins of an ancient city were found , as well as parts of an irrigation system. Unfortunately he was forced to suspend the excavations.

The change in topography

The historical records of the region where Tunisia is currently located, has undergone great changes in its topography. This is pointed out by several historians, among whom is the Greek Diodorus Siculus . According to him, a cataclysmic event devastated that vast area of North Africa around the year 1250 BC. c.

These devastating earthquakes may be the same ones that caused the collapse during the so-called ” Bronze Age ” . They are also credited with being responsible for the appearance of the many salt lakes that are now dry, because seismic activity separated the great Gulf from the rest of the Mediterranean.

So far they are just theories based on many coincidences, but nothing concrete due to the lack of physical evidence. The truth is that Atlantis continues somewhere under the earth, it may really be in Tunisia.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://mysteriousociety.com/ }

28-12-2022 om 22:56 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ARCHEOLOGIE ( E, Nl, Fr )

The ‘Tunisian Atlantis’, an ancient civilization under the sands of Africa

Zack White

Evidence of the existence of a Tunisian Atlantis

Hence, Tunisia has been the cradle of some of the most developed cultures and civilizations in Europe. It was also recognized and mentioned by both ancient Greek and Egyptian writers.

In particular, Plato was referring to a place that by his description corresponds to the current city of Tozeur, very close to the many salt lakes that exist in the region.

Modern scholars agree with Plato

The salty lakes of Tunisia: a great enigma

The change in topography

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://mysteriousociety.com/ }

28-12-2022 om 22:55 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ARCHEOLOGIE ( E, Nl, Fr )

CHINA TAKES INCREDIBLE CLOSE UP SHOT OF MARS' MOON PHOBOS

THAT IS ONE LUMPY MOON!

Glamor Shot

China's Tianwen-1 spacecraft has taken an incredible image of Phobos, one of the two moons orbiting Mars, from just 3,160 miles away — and the level of detail is breathtaking.

Tianwen-1's shot of the seven-miles-across natural satellite is so detailed, you can spot individual craters on its surface, including Öpik, an impact crater named after the Estonian astronomer and astrophysicist Ernst Julius Öpik.

Mars Snapshots

The Tianwen-1 satellite launched just over two years ago, alongside a lander and rover, and entered Martian orbit in February 2021. The rover, dubbed Zhurong, safely made it down to the Martian surface but is currently in hibernation due to the Martian winter.

Phobos is the larger of Mars' two moons, orbiting the planet from just 3,700 miles, meaning that Phobos orbits its parent planet in under eight hours. For perspective, Earth's Moon is over 238,000 miles away and takes 27 days to complete one rotation.

Last month, the Tianwen-1 orbiter completed all of its assigned tasks, which involved taking medium-resolution images of the entirety of the Red Planet. Despite having wrapped up on its mission, the orbiter will continue to prepare for future scientific endeavors, according to CNN.

Meanwhile, Zhurong is expected to jump back into action in December to keep crawling the surface of Mars.

In short, China's first Mars mission has already proved to be a resounding success — and we can't wait to see what the rover and orbiter still have in store for us.

READ MORE:

China's Mars probe Tianwen-1 sends back images of Martian satellite [CGTN]

More on the mission:

China Releases Beautiful New Photos from the Surface of Mars

{ https://futurism.com/the-byte }

28-12-2022 om 22:39 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

Power on the Moon. What Will it Take to Survive the Lunar Night?

Artist rendering of an Artemis astronaut exploring the Moon’s surface during a future mission.

Credit: NASA

BY MATT WILLIAMS

Power on the Moon. What Will it Take to Survive the Lunar Night?

With the help of international and commercial partners, NASA is sending astronauts back to the Moon for the first time in over fifty years. In addition to sending crewed missions to the lunar surface, the long-term objective of the Artemis Program is to create the necessary infrastructure for a program of “sustained lunar exploration and development.” But unlike the Apollo missions that sent astronauts to the equatorial region of the Moon, the Artemis Program will send astronauts to the Moon’s South Pole-Aitken Basin, culminating in the creation of a habitat (the Artemis Basecamp).

This region contains many permanently-shadowed craters and experiences a night cycle that lasts fourteen days (a “Lunar Night“). Since solar energy will be limited in these conditions, the Artemis astronauts, spacecraft, rovers, and other surface elements will require additional power sources that can operate in cratered regions and during the long lunar nights. Looking for potential solutions, the Ohio Aerospace Institute (OAI) and the NASA Glenn Research Center recently hosted two space nuclear technologies workshops designed to foster solutions for long-duration missions away from Earth.

NASA’s Glenn is the home of NASA’s power systems research, where engineers and technicians work to develop advanced power generation, energy conversion, and storage methods – with applications ranging from solar, thermal, and batteries to radioisotopes, fission, and regenerative fuel cells. The Clevand-based OAI is a non-profit research group dedicated to fostering partnerships between government and industry to further aerospace research. The OAI has a long history of collaborating and contracting with NASA and the DoD.

These workshops were the latest step in NASA and the DOE’s collaborative development of nuclear technologies for crewed space exploration programs. In terms of propulsion, these efforts have aimed to advance proposals for nuclear-thermal and nuclear-electric propulsion systems (NTP/NEP). In the former case, a nuclear reactor is used to heat propellants like liquid hydrogen (LH₂); in the latter, the reactor generates electricity for a magnetic engine that ionizes an inert gas like xenon (aka. Ion Propulsion).

In 2021, NASA and the DoE selected three reactor design proposals for a nuclear thermal system that could send cargo and crews to Mars and science missions to the outer Solar System. The contracts, valued at around $5 million apiece, were awarded through the DOE’s Idaho National Laboratory (INL). In June 2022, they followed up by selecting three design concept proposals for a Fission Surface Power (FSB) system that would expand on NASA’s Kilopower project and could be sent to the Moon as a technology demonstration for the Artemis Program.

The nuclear technologies workshops saw over 100 engineers, managers, and experts in power systems from across government, industry, and academia come together to discuss topics ranging from Fission Surface Power to space nuclear propulsion systems. The event featured speakers and panelists from NASA, the U.S. Department of Energy (DoE), the Department of Defense (DoD), and the commercial sector to share knowledge, results, and lessons learned from past efforts to develop nuclear technology. Todd Tofil, NASA’s Fission Surface Power project manager, explained in a NASA press release:

“Reliable energy is essential for exploration of the Moon and Mars, and nuclear technology can provide robust, reliable power in any environment or location regardless of available sunlight. As we move forward with projects like Fission Surface Power and nuclear propulsion, it makes sense to look at work that’s been done in the past at NASA and other agencies to see what we can learn.”

The first workshop (in November) included discussions on mission requirements that call for nuclear power, such as long-duration missions beyond Earth where solar power isn’t always an option. This includes the Moon’s southern polar region but also on Mars, where the increased distance and periodic dust storms can also limit solar energy. The workshop also included discussions about test hardware from previous programs that could be relevant to today’s projects. Things concluded with a tour of the seven Glenn facilities engaged in nuclear research. Said Lee Mason, associate chief of Glenn’s Power Division:

“The workshop provided an excellent opportunity to discuss technology advancements and provide the new industry teams an opportunity to learn from the past and build on the foundation that’s been established. Strong industry-government collaboration and knowledge sharing will help us be successful with Artemis and missions beyond.”

The second workshop took place in early December and saw over 500 people from 28 countries meeting (in-person and virtually) to discuss how to address the extreme challenges of operating in the Lunar Night. During the three-day workshop, attendees learned about relevant developments in the field from power and thermal technology experts from NASA and other organizations. These included those funded by NASA’s Space Technology Mission Directorate (STMD) and Exploration System Development Mission Directorate (ESDMD).

Status updates were also provided by several commercial entities that are partnered with NASA through the Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) initiative, which will begin delivering experiments and technology demonstrations to the lunar surface in early 2023. Most of these missions rely on solar panels or batteries and will face power and thermal challenges as they land in the South-Pole Aitken Basin. Since these systems need to remain in operation longer than a Lunar Day (also 14 days), CLPS providers will also benefit from advanced power systems.

Artist’s impression of astronauts on the lunar surface, as part of the Artemis Program.

Credit: NASA

As Tibor Kremic, chief of the Space Science Project Office at NASA Glenn, summarized:

“The Moon is rife with extreme conditions, especially during the lunar night, that we must prepare for. We do that by bringing together leading experts from NASA, commercial partners, academia, and other government entities to share insights, review technical capabilities, and discuss the challenges and solutions ahead. The workshop was a learning experience for all of us, helping better prepare our CLPS providers and increase our understanding of the various technical capabilities and constraints as we continue to prepare for ever more ambitious payload deliveries to some of the toughest places in the solar system.”

These workshops also build on NASA’s Lunar Surface Innovation Initiative, which is dedicated to fostering partnerships that will lead to technologies needed to live and explore on the surface of the Moon. The Initiative is particularly focused on technologies that allow for in-situ resource utilization (ISRU), power generation, mitigating lunar dust, excavating and constructing on the Moon’s surface, exploring the lunar environment, and other methods that will ensure a sustainable human presence on the Moon for decades to come.

Another long-term objective of the Artemis Program is to establish the infrastructure and expertise that will allow for crewed missions to Mars in the early 2030s. This presents even greater challenges, ranging from logistics and transportation (transit times of up to nine months) to power systems for surface operations. Here too, nuclear propulsion (which could reduce transit times to 100 days) and nuclear reactors that can power surface habitats and vehicles for long-duration missions are in high demand.

This is yet another example of how this age of renewed space exploration (Space Age 2.0) is spurring the development of technologies that have been dreamt of for decades!

Further Reading:

NASA

28-12-2022 om 20:55 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

The Bermuda Triangle’s Strange Encounter: A Government Plane Captures a Mysterious Object Splitting

The Bermuda Triangle, located between Florida, Bermuda, and Puerto Rico, is known for its unexplained phenomena and UFO sightings. In 2013, a United States Customs and Border Patrol plane caught a strange pinkish light on thermal imaging camera as it approached the airport in Agua Dia, Puerto Rico. The footage showed a metallic sphere moving quickly around the airport before heading out to sea and appearing to splash down before resurfacing and splitting into two separate craft. The object then disappeared from view after nearly four minutes.

The footage, captured by a government plane’s infrared camera, has been analyzed by experts from the Scientific Coalition for Unidentified Aerial Phenomenon. The telemetry from the camera matched radar data, indicating that the object was real. The object’s temperature was also analyzed and found to be roughly 104 degrees, eliminating the possibility of it being a jet engine. The object’s size was estimated to be between three and five feet in diameter, ruling out the possibility of it being a balloon or a drone. The experts were also skeptical that it was a bird, due to the object’s ability to go in and out of the water and split into two separate craft.

While it is difficult to explain the exact nature of the object, the experts concluded that it is most likely a UFO. Puerto Rico has a long history of interesting sightings and encounters with USOs (unidentified submerged objects) in the area. The credible footage and analysis make this case a strong example of a possible UFO sighting.

#TheProofIsOutThereBermudaTriangle

28-12-2022 om 20:33 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS --28/12/2022

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 28/12/2022

SPLITTING ORB UFO ABOVE PUERTO RICO | The Proof is Out There: Bermuda Triangle Edition (Season 1)

U.S. customs and border patrol spot something strange while on a routine flight. See more in this clip from Season 1, "USOs & Underwater Forces."

Love watching The Proof Is Out There: Bermuda Triangle Edition? Stay up to date on all of your favorite The HISTORY Channel shows at history.com/schedule.

Massive Unidentified Object Heading To Earth Detected On NASA Live Feed!

Massive Unidentified Object Heading To Earth Detected On NASA Live Feed! The International Space Station is the largest single structure that humans have ever put into space. NASA will use lessons learned on the ISS to prepare for human missions that reach farther into space than ever before.

As with exploring any unknown terrain or space, there are bound to be encounters with the unknown. And now, the ISS might also be the place that has finally provided us with answers to the age old question “Are We Alone?”. The answer being a faint, but terrifying “No”. What does NASA know? And why does it keep cutting the Live Feed?

ISS Cuts Live Feed Part 1:

https://youtu.be/zHLWlDyyN-Q

What SpaceX just did with Starship Nosecone is unbelievable and unlike no one...

Is There Life on Mars? We Asked a NASA Scientist

Is there life on Mars? No, we have never discovered life on the Red Planet, but we have found lots of evidence that suggests Mars could have once supported life in its ancient past. There’s even a chance that Mars could be habitable beneath its surface. NASA astrobiologist Heather Graham explains more.

Keep up with all of NASA’s endeavors at the Red Planet: https://mars.nasa.gov

Strange Water Worlds and a Habitable Planet Found In Orbit of Kepler 138

TERRIFYING Update About Betelgeuse, MASSIVE Supernova Explosion Happening Soon!

Betelgeuse, Orion constellation’s most famous star, and now a bright red supergiant star, is nearing the end of its life. It will likely explode as a supernova and be visible during the daytime from Earth. And while we do not know as of yet if it is a threat or not, scientists have already discovered a telltale way to detect when a star is about to go supernova.

#space #betelgeuse #supernova

James Webb Telescope Finds More Mysteries: TRAPPIST-1, Red Spiral Galaxies and More

Aliens Tombs Found Within The Great Pyramid?

Why NASA's Next Telescope Will Be Even Better Than James Webb | Unveiled

In this video, Unveiled takes a closer look at NASA's next big telescope - the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope! Experts believe that this incredible machine will be even better than the James Webb... and, along with the Hubble Space Telescope, it will form a three-pronged strategy for the future of space exploration! This is Unveiled, giving you incredible answers to extraordinary questions!

28-12-2022 om 18:25 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Solomon and Sheba: Were a Famous Pharaoh and Queen the Real Protagonists in this Love Story?

The visit of the Queen of Sheba to King Solomon.

Solomon and Sheba: Were a Famous Pharaoh and Queen the Real Protagonists in this Love Story?

The story of Solomon and Sheba is well known as one of love. But it is only when we learn their true identities that we see how much affection and adoration Solomon had for his favorite Queen. He literally moved mountains to express that love for her - well mountains of sand and soil to be precise. They still stand as long lines of great Hills today which we can look upon and sense a greater love than what went into the building of the Pyramids.

The Famous Meeting of Sheba and Solomon

Let us look back at that famous meeting when Sheba first entered Solomon’s Palace.

“She was bidden to enter the Palace, and when she saw it she thought it was a pool of water, and bared her legs. But Solomon said, ‘It is a palace paved with glass.’ Koran, Chapter of the Ant.

‘Solomon and the Queen of Sheba’ by Giovanni Demin.

‘Solomon and the Queen of Sheba’ by Giovanni Demin.

( Public Domain )

“Steadying herself on Solomon’s arm, she bent down, and removing her sandals modestly lifted the hem of her robe, and stretched out a toe to test the water. The King was taken back with surprise, fooled automatically into a momentary belief that she really did believe a river in some way flowed through the hall.

Now it was his turn to express confusion. “It isn’t water. They are only glass tiles.” Then he saw that she was only teasing, and stammered, “Well, some of my guests have thought it very true to life. But it is well done isn’t it?” The Tutankhamen Code.

‘The Queen of Sheba.’

‘The Queen of Sheba.’

( Public Domain )

Finding Solomon’s Temple and Palace

Fragments of glazed tiles depicting water, fish, reeds and birds have only ever been found in the ruins of one ancient Palace, that of Ymn Htp III at Malqata near Luxor.

This fact, along with a number of other finds in Luxor, are examined in “Out of Egypt” by the British/Egyptian historian Ahmed Osman and every-one of them points only to one man as having been the legendary King Solomon , namely the Pharaoh YmnHtp III.

We are told in the Book of 1 Kings that Solomon’s Temple and Palace were so grand and sumptuous that there has to be some archaeological evidence for them - yet nothing has ever been found in modern day Israel despite umpteen digs over more than a hundred years. The fabulous remains in Luxor not only match all we are told in the Bible, but many of the ancient walls and columns still stand, shouting out their message that these were built by the 18th Dynasty Kings David and Solomon, otherwise known in Ancient Egypt as Dayhut and Salim Amen.

Top: Artistic interpretation of Solomon’s Temple. Bottom: Temple of Amenhotep III, Luxor, Egypt.

Top: Artistic interpretation of Solomon’s Temple ( CC BY 4.0 ). Bottom: Temple of Amenhotep III, Luxor, Egypt.

( Public Domain )

I can only put the blindness of those who do not see down to a religious zeal that just will not allow any belief that the Bible time-line is out by four centuries or that Israel was once a large part of Egypt, a country that they have been taught to hate, even though the Bible itself places Israel in Egypt in the Book of 1 Samuel.

Solomon and Sheba: Pharaoh Ymn Htp III and Queen Etiye Azeb

Ahmed Osman not only identified both Kings but also Solomon’s father-in-law, Joseph. The evidence is so extensive that there cannot be any doubt about either of them. The full details of such proof can be studied in Osman’s books and, if one prefers a lighter approach, in my novel The Tutankhamen Code .

Apart from some 13 facts pointed out be Ahmed Osman which match quite precisely all we are told in the book of 1 Kings I have been fortunate in recognizing 11 more. When these are also taken into account then not one iota of doubt can remain. Solomon was the Pharaoh Ymn Htp III and the love of his life was his Queen Etiye Azeb, better known to us as Sheba. Here are a few of the most significant matches of my own finds with the Bible account.

Solomon and the Queen of Sheba (Gates of Paradise).

Solomon and the Queen of Sheba (Gates of Paradise).

(Sailko/ CC BY 2.5 )

It was the Greek Egyptian historian Manethos who wrote, “Thus it came about that 80,000 unclean individuals were rounded up and dispatched to the stone quarries”. This is the same figure given in 1 Kings 5:15. The term ‘unclean’ was used to denigrate anyone not conforming to the writer’s own religious beliefs.

In year 10 of Solomon’s reign he married a foreign princess named Gilukhepa and a Marriage Scarab was issued with these words, “Gilukhipa, persons in her harim: 317 women”. 1 Kings 11:3 gives it as 300 concubines, a very close match.

A commemorative scarab of Amenhotep III. This scarab belongs to a class called the "marriage scarabs," which affirm the divine power of the king and the legitimacy of his wife, Tiye. Walters Art Museum, Baltimore.

( Public Domain )

The Bible tells us that Solomon’s father was King David. The father of Ymn Htp III was actually named in separate hieroglyphs as DHWT, which has to be the same for it would have been spoken something like ‘Dayhut’. A shortcut hieroglyph was occasionally used, hence a different translation of ‘DJHWT’. Like many other names this sometimes had the letter ‘Y’ added on the end just as we do in English and another suffix ‘Ms’ simply meant ‘Born of’.

David and Solomon.

David and Solomon.

( CC BY SA 3.0 )

The Kebra Nagast names MenyELEk as the eldest son of Solomon and that he was also known as David. MenyELEk has the very same meaning as YmnTwtAnkh, better known today as ‘King Tut’.

The Hall of Columns at Malqata, Luxor has the same length and breadth as the measurements given in 1 Kings 7:6, within two to three centimeters.

The clincher is in his name Ymn Htp III. Ymn, the God name for the setting Sun in the West was always written as ‘AMEN’, even in Greek letters, by Manethos who was still versant with the old Egyptian language. Hetep or Hotep was the Egyptian word for Peace or Rest, which at that time in Hebrew was Salim. As a Hebrew King of Egypt, his own family and his own people would have called him Salim Amen which evolved into Salomon then Solomon. Foreign Kings ruling other countries speaking other languages and for many generations is not that unusual. Guillaume I of England is a case in point as is Georg I of England (who never spoke English.)

Colossal statue of Amenhotep III in the British Museum.

Colossal statue of Amenhotep III in the British Museum.

( Public Domain )

Robert Feather in his “The Mystery of the Copper Scroll of Qumran” suggests that the Egyptian word ‘Heprew’ is the origin of the name Hebrew and this has to be true for the hieroglyph for Heprew (Creations) was a Scarab Beetle - in Greek ‘Scarabaeus’ - and this is what St. Ambrose called the mythical Ever Coming Son, IWSA - Iesous - in the 4th century AD.

More Evidence on Solomon and Sheba’s True Identities

Ralph Ellis tells us in his “Jesus Last of the Pharaohs” that the names of Biblical patriarchs are nearly all those of other Egyptian Kings and some are even spelled exactly the same such as the Pharaoh Jacob. But there were also Kings called Joshua, Abel, Cain, Abram, Salah, Isaac, as well as Jacob, David, and Solomon.

Ahmed Osman also notes in his book that both the Koran and Jewish traditions have it that Joseph’s brothers entered the City by different gates. Ancient Thebes, now Luxor, was renowned for its many Gates and Pylons and there wasn’t another city in those days that could compare.

It is quite surprising that not one Egyptologist has ever noticed the legend found by Sir Wallis Budge which tells us that Solomon’s Queen was an Abyssinian girl named Eteye Azeb and then realized that the name of Ymn Htp III’s Queen they translate as ‘Tiye’ should begin with an ‘E’. This vowel was never written in Egyptian but we now know that it was from the Ethiopian spelling. Syllables were often reversed in writing so Azeb has to be Zeba or Sheba. The Kebra Nagast even tells us that Solomon and Eteye’s son was called Meny EL Ek and that he was also known as ‘David’ which is ‘Dwd’ in Hebrew and ‘Twt’ or Tut in Egyptian. Both EL and TWT were seen as Moon Gods, which explains the variation from Ymn Twt Ankh to Meny EL Ek.

Queen Tiye. Her husband may have been depicted to her right in this broken statue.

Queen Tiye. Her husband may have been depicted to her right in this broken statue.

(Rama/ CC BY SA 2.0 )

We do know that the mother of Etiye, namely Tuya or Etuya, the wife of Joseph, came from the south and what is today Northern Sudan. That places a question mark over the lovely story told by Ahmed Osman about Ymn Htp having a pleasure lake built for Etiye at Zarw and presenting her with a Summer Palace. The loving Royal Couple ‘sailed thereon in the Royal Barge ‘Aten Gleams’. Osman then places Zarw as being somewhat east of the Suez Canal, which would have been close to her Israelite relatives in Goshen.

A Question of Location

The problem with that location is that the King did build a lake in front of her Palace at Malqata, with a ‘T’ shaped channel running from the Nile at Luxor and terminating in a large harbor by the Palace. A marriage scarab commemorating this wonderful gift from the King to his wife gives its length as 3,700 cubits (about 1,020 yards), and breadth about 700 cubits. One kilometer is 1093.61 yards, which is near enough the same.

Today a long line of hills marks the route of the Channel from the Nile to Malqata, each one once topped with a glorious shining Temple. Truly a Gift of Great Love.

Top Image: The visit of the Queen of Sheba to King Solomon.
Source: jerry dognal/ CC BY NC ND 2.0

By Malcolm Hutton

{ https://www.ancient-origins.net/general }

28-12-2022 om 00:24 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ARCHEOLOGIE ( E, Nl, Fr )

27-12-2022

From an Ox to an “A”: The Ancient Egyptian Origins of the Latin Alphabet

Archaeologists have deciphered what could be the origins of the Latin alphabet in graffiti found at the Temple of Hathor near the Serâbît el-Khâdim mines. Serâbît el-Khâdim in the background and the evolution of the letter “A” in the foreground. Source: Einsamer Schütze / CC BY-SA 3.0 & Till Nikolaus von Heiseler / CC BY 4.0

As crazy as it sounds, it’s now well attested that the letter “A” started out its evolution as the Egyptian hieroglyph for an ox. But its truly mind-blowing transformation came when turquoise miners in ancient Egypt adapted the hieroglyph, turning it into graffiti. This seemingly unimportant simplification actually spearheaded the creation of syllabic alphabets, such as the Latin alphabet, used all over the world today.

But who were these miners and why did they do this? The story starts in Egypt almost 4,000 years ago when the turquoise mines on the Sinai Peninsula gained importance on an industrial scale. Many people from different strata of Egypt’s Bronze Age society were involved in mining activities at this mountainous location now known as Serâbît el-Khâdim. In fact, there were many mining sites for different raw materials all over the Sinai Peninsula making it a quarrying hub.

From Egyptian Hieroglyphs to the Latin Alphabet

At that time, around 1900 BC, the Egyptian language was written using hieroglyphs. These were mostly logographic which meant each symbol represented a word rather than a sound. There were thousands of Egyptian hieroglyphs making learning, memorizing and writing them a specialist skill.

Similarly, the Bronze Age Mesopotamians wrote their Sumerian language using cuneiform pictographs on clay tablets. In both Egypt and Mesopotamia, the written language played a number of different roles from the cultic to the profane. Dedications to deities, pharaohs and kings were common, as were records of produce and land ownership.

However, in spite of the widespread use of these early writing systems , they were still incredibly complicated. It was the invention of the alphabetic system that was to revolutionize the way people could read and write because it simplified the whole process of literacy.

Temple of Hathor in Serâbît el-Khâdim in Egypt.

(Felipe Ligeiro FL / CC BY-SA 4.0 )

Graffiti That Revolutionized Literacy: The Temple of Hathor in Serâbît el-Khâdim

Close to the Serâbît el-Khâdim mines, located in the southwestern Sinai Peninsula of Egypt, a temple to Hathor was in use for 800 years and offered spiritual protection to those working in them. The temple went through several phases of reconstruction, taking a central role in the lives of those who spent time or passed through this desert location.

This large sanctuary consisted of a processional avenue, multiple buildings and rooms and many stelae engraved with hieroglyphic inscriptions. Priests, miners, officials, interpreters, scribes and others all left inscriptions at the temple dedicated to the goddess Hathor who was known as the “mistress of turquoise,” amongst her other epithets.

Serâbît el-Khâdim was first discovered in 1762. Over the next hundred years, various visits were made by antiquarians who were interested in the area, especially after Egyptian hieroglyphs were deciphered in 1822. It was during an expedition to the abandoned mines and the temple in 1905 that two Egyptologists realized they had made an exceptional discovery. The married couple William and Hilda Flinders Petrie noticed graffiti in and around the mines which appeared to be a different script to the Egyptian hieroglyphs etched all over the site.

During their visit they documented, mapped and photographed fourteen turquoise mines, circular enclosures near the temple and the temple itself. References to many different pharaohs were found which showed how long the area had been in use, as well as tools, altars, figurines, amulets, pottery, seals and jewelry.

The unusual graffiti symbols were on fallen stones in the vicinity of the mines, as well as on several statues within the temple grounds. This was in contrast to the more formal stelae decorated with finely carved hieroglyphs leading up to the temple. There were very few etchings to work with compared to the many hieroglyphic inscriptions, but Petrie analyzed what there were and became convinced they had found the earliest evidence for an alphabetic system.

The Irish-born British Egyptologist Hilda Petrie and her husband the British Egyptologist Flinders Petrie were the first to notice the graffiti markings at Serâbît el-Khâdim.

( Public domain )

Ancient Graffiti as Earliest Evidence of an Alphabetic System

It took until 1916 for the graffiti to be translated by fellow Egyptologist Alan Gardiner. He noticed the repeated use of several characters that he thought spelled out the word Baalat when considered phonetically. In Canaanite this meant “the mistress” which he took to be the equivalent to the Egyptian goddess Hathor.

But the real key to understanding these inscriptions came when he analyzed bilingual engravings etched onto the sides of a tiny sphinx figurine found in the temple. On one side there was an inscription in Egyptian hieroglyphs saying “the beloved of Hathor,” while on the side there was an inscription in the strange graffiti saying “the beloved of Baalat.”

This was the Rosetta Stone of the day, but it went further than translating a second language. It showed that the second language was expressed in an adaptation of Egyptian hieroglyphs and was being used syllabically. It soon became apparent that Petrie’s hunch had been correct. Here was a simplified version of Egyptian hieroglyphs where each character had been used to represent a sound rather than a word. It was the earliest known syllabic script and was celebrated as the potential forerunner to alphabetic systems in general.

Now known by experts as Proto-Sinaitic, it was to evolve and spread through trade and a significant input from the Phoenicians. But who drew the graffiti and exactly when they did it is still debated. It’s most likely that these graffiti first appeared during the reign of Amenemhet III in the middle Bronze Age. The general consensus is that it was created by Asiatic people, most likely of Caananite origin hence the inscriptions featuring Baalat.

The stelae with hieroglyphic dedications by interpreters also suggest that people speaking different languages were making trips to the mines. At that time in Egypt, many Asiatic people lived in the eastern delta region and there are records of Egyptians discussing their mixed parentage. So it’s perfectly possible that these groups were part of the expeditions to the mines recorded as having taken place.

A Serabit inscription found by Flinders Petrie at Serâbît el-Khâdim which spell out the name of the goddess Baalat.

( Public domain )

Semi-Literate Origins of a Revolutionary Concept

Whether the people writing the graffiti were learned or not is another debatable point. It's been argued that they were probably drawn by semi-literate people who were not well-versed in Egyptian hieroglyphs, and so used this abstract version to express themselves in their own language. The crude and inconsistent forms of these early letters and their location on random rocks, certainly lend weight to this theory.

But there are experts who think it’s just as likely these workers were skilled and educated. If it was barely literate mine workers who invented the alphabet for their own personal use, then it’s a remarkable accident of history because it completely changed the way language is written and read in many countries and cultures.

In 1993, similar inscriptions to those at Serâbît were discovered in the Wadi el-Hôl near Luxor. The inscriptions consisted of two lines carved into limestone rocks in the valley. At first it was thought they might be older than those at Serâbît, but experts now think that they came later so it’s possible that miners from Serâbît, who were familiar with the script, travelled to Wadi el-Hôl.

The graffiti went through several transformations over a long period before forming the base of multiple alphabets in use today. Experts aren’t clear on exactly when and how these symbols travelled outside of the Sinai Peninsula to take center stage in the future of literacy. But it’s certain it took many years.

Wadi el-Hol inscription with tracing above and photograph below.

( Public domain / Public domain )

The Evolution of Egyptian Hieroglyphs into the Latin Alphabet

What’s fascinating is to see how certain Egyptian hieroglyphs evolved via this Proto-Sinatic script into the Latin letters used today. For example, the letter “B” was the Egyptian hieroglyph for a house. The letter “H” started its life as the Egyptian hieroglyph for a fence and the letter “K” originated as the Egyptian hieroglyph for a hand. The Proto-Sinaitic, Ugaritic, Phoenician and Greek alphabets all stemmed from these early symbols and made their changes to them.

Interestingly, the early alphabets were abjads, which means they only had consonants. In Phoenician their version of the Egyptian hieroglyph for an ox represented a glottal stop, something that was of no benefit to the Greeks when they started to use the alphabet. Therefore, they changed the Phoenician letter known as “aleph” into the letter “alpha” and made it represent the vowel sound “a.”

Anyone who studies and analyses the past knows how important written language is. Texts and inscriptions give a lot of insight into the historic period that is unfortunately absent in the Neolithic and earlier. But, if it wasn’t for the introduction of the syllabic alphabet, it’s possible even less textual evidence from the past few thousands years would exist.

Of course, other factors helped the proliferation of the written language. The manufacture of paper, the improvement in education and the invention of the printing press to name but a few. However, it's clear that the syllabic alphabet made a significant contribution to the way information was recorded and passed on from the end of the Bronze Age onwards.

The origins and evolution of alphabetic systems and the Latin alphabet are complex subjects quite simplified here. But the point is that many useful inventions often start as happy accidents of history. Spoken languages also have long and convoluted stories which cannot be isolated from the multitude of factors that influenced their development.

Top image: Archaeologists have deciphered what could be the origins of the Latin alphabet in graffiti found at the Temple of Hathor near the Serâbît el-Khâdim mines. Serâbît el-Khâdim in the background and the evolution of the letter “A” in the foreground.
Source: Einsamer Schütze / CC BY-SA 3.0 & Till Nikolaus von Heiseler / CC BY 4.0

By Laura Tabone (MegalithHunter)

References

Colless, B.E. (2014). The Origin of the Alphabet: An Examination of the Goldwasser Hypothesis. Antiguo Oriente: cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Historia del Antiguo Oriente , (12), pp.71-104.
Gardiner, A.H. (1916). The Egyptian origin of the Semitic alphabet. The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology , 3(1), pp.1-16.
Goldwasser, O. (2010). How the Alphabet was Born from Hieroglyphs. Biblical Archaeology Review, 36/2 pp. 40-53.
Mumford, G. (2015). The Sinai Peninsula and its environs: Our changing perceptions of a pivotal land bridge between Egypt, the Levant, and Arabia. ASAA Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections, 7(1), pp. 1-24.

{ https://www.ancientoriginsunleashed.com/ }

27-12-2022 om 23:59 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ARCHEOLOGIE ( E, Nl, Fr )

Is Mining in Space Socially Acceptable?

Asteroid mining concept.

Credit: NASA/Denise Watt

BY ANDY TOMASWICK

Is Mining in Space Socially Acceptable?

Traditional mining has been subject to a negative stigma for some time. People, especially in developed countries, have a relatively negative view of this necessary economic activity. Primarily that is due to its environmental impacts – greenhouse gas emissions and habitat destruction are some of the effects that give the industry its negative image. Mining in space is an entirely different proposition – any greenhouse gases emitted on the Moon or asteroids are inconsequential, and there is no habitat to speak of on these barren rocks. So what is the general public’s opinion on mining in space? A paper from a group of researchers in Australia, one of the countries most impacted by the effects of terrestrial mining, now gives us an answer.

Strangely, as the paper points out, no one had previously studied this particular aspect of space resources. Despite the general media interest in ventures such as Planetary Resources and the success of missions such as Hayabusa-2, no one had attempted to understand how the general public felt about space mining.

It was not a foregone conclusion, as there are some potentially negative environmental factors to mining in space. While it might not cause any immediate harm to ecosystems as it does here on Earth, it does destroy “pristine” environments that have arguably been around since the dawn of the solar system, at least in the case of the asteroids. As excellently portrayed in the Mars Trilogy by Kim Stanley Robinson, there will always be a part of humanity that will want to leave space as it is.

UT video on asteroid mining.

Another confounding factor is that the resources mined in space could, ostensibly at least, be used for products back on Earth. They could therefore end up in landfills, causing a longer-term environmental problem than if we simply recycled the material we already have in these large deposits of everything that humanity has created. So there was still an outstanding question of whether these potential downsides outweighed the risk in the eyes of the public.

Simply put, the public in a variety of countries broadly supports space mining, especially on asteroids. To get these results, the researchers performed two different studies, one involving almost 5,000 people in 27 (mostly rich) countries and another involving around 600 people in the US.

In the first study, the researchers asked a series of questions that focused on the participant’s attitudes towards mining – specifically four different kinds: in the Antarctic, on the ocean floor, on the Moon, or on asteroids. In particular, the researchers were interested in the positive and negative reactions that mining in each area elicited in their subjects.

UT interviews Dr. Phil Metzger, one of the world’s leaders in ISRU technology.

The results were unambiguous – people generally had negative feelings toward mining on the ocean floor, especially in the Antarctic, and they generally had positive feelings towards mining on the Moon, especially on asteroids. People across all 27 countries had reasonably similar responses, no matter what their income level or the environment they inhabited.

However, results from the first study were relatively shallow and did not delve too deeply into factors such as the participant’s political affiliation or individual morals. These are known to profoundly impact an individual’s stance toward terrestrial mining and its potential environmental impacts. Still, it was unclear what, if any, effect it would have on a person’s views of space mining.

Similar in structure to the first study, the second looked at people’s responses to questions about how they felt about mining in several different locations – this time including “tundra” instead of the Antarctic. However, it also delved into the individual inclinations of the person responding to the questions, including their political orientation, which is currently one of the more polarizing aspects of American life.

Isaac Arthur is also keen on asteroid mining, as he describes in this video.

Credit – Isaac Arthur YouTube Channel

Neither a person’s political persuasion nor their moral foundations were found to be clear indicators of whether or not that person would support mining in space. However, there was a negative correlation with support for lunar mining, specifically by those that scored higher on a test that assessed their interest in environmental sustainability. Assumedly that is because they think of the Moon as a pristine “environment” and view mining activities as potentially harmful to it.

Overall these studies seem like a glowing endorsement of public support for asteroid mining. However, there are some other confounding factors, including, as the authors point out, that both lunar and asteroid mining are, at this point, highly abstract concepts, the real impact of which may be hard to grok for many study participants. But studies such as this have to start somewhere, and waiting until after there is already a fully-fledged mining mission on the Moon to see if it has public support might be a little late. For now, at least, those interested in moving forward with this aspect of the economic development of space have the public on their side.

Learn More:

Hornsey et al. – Protecting the Planet or Destroying the Universe? Understanding Reactions to Space Mining
UT – What Would Asteroid Mining do to the World’s Economy?
UT – Two Spacecraft Could Work Together to Capture an Asteroid and Bring it Close to Earth for Mining
UT – What is Moon Mining?
UT – Mining Water and Metal From the Moon at the Same Time
UT – Want to Mine the Moon? Here’s a Detailed Map of all its Minerals

27-12-2022 om 23:14 geschreven door peter

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Planetary Interiors in TRAPPIST-1 System Could be Affected by Solar Flares

Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Planetary Interiors in TRAPPIST-1 System Could be Affected by Solar Flares

In a recent study published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, an international team of researchers led by the University of Cologne in Germany examined how solar flares erupted by the TRAPPIST-1 star could affect the interior heating of its orbiting exoplanets. This study holds the potential to help us better understand how solar flares affect planetary evolution. The TRAPPIST-1 system is an exolanetary system located approximately 39 light-years from Earth with at least seven potentially rocky exoplanets in orbit around a star that has 12 times less mass than our own Sun. Since the parent star is much smaller than our own Sun, then the the planetary orbits within the TRAPPIST-1 system are much smaller than our own solar system, as well. So, how can this study help us better understand the potential habitability of planets in the TRAPPIST-1 system?

“If we take Earth as our starting point, geological activity has shaped the entire surface of the planet, and geological activity is ultimately driven by planetary cooling,” said Dr. Dan Bower, who is a geophysicist at the Center for Space and Habitability at the University of Bern, and a co-author on the study. “The Earth has radioactive elements in its interior which generate heat and enable geological processes to persist beyond 4.5 Gyr. However, the question arises if all planets require radioactive elements to drive geological processes that may establish a habitable surface environment that allows life to evolve. Although some other processes can generate heat inside a planet, they are often short-lived or require special circumstances, which would advance the hypothesis that geological activity (and habitable environments?) are possibly rare.” What makes this study intriguing is that TRAPPIST-1 is known as an M-type star, which is much smaller than our Sun and emits far less solar radiation.

“M stars (red dwarfs) are the most common star type in our stellar neighborhood, and TRAPPIST-1 has garnered significant attention since it was discovered to be orbited by seven Earth-sized planets,” explained Dr. Bower. “In our study, we investigated how stellar flares from TRAPPIST-1 impacted the interior heat budget of the orbiting planets and discovered that particularly for the planets closest to the star, interior heating due to ohmic dissipation from flares is significant and can drive geological activity. Furthermore, the process is long-lived and can persist over geological timescales, potentially enabling the surface environment to evolve towards habitable, or pass through a series of habitable states. Previously, the influence of stellar flares on habitability has mostly been deemed to be destructive, for example by stripping the protective atmosphere that enshrouds a planet. Our results present a different perspective, showing how flares may actually promote the establishment of a habitable near-surface environment.” Ohmic dissipation, also known as ohmic loss, is defined as “a loss of electric energy due to conversion into heat when a current flows through a resistance.” Essentially, it’s what scientists used to calculate the amount of heat a planet loses, also known as planetary cooling, which all terrestrial planetary bodies—even Earth—encounter.

The study’s findings indicate that the planetary cooling occurring on the TRAPPIST-1 planets is enough to drive geological activity, which would lead to thicker atmospheres. The researcher’s models also predict that the presence of a planetary magnetic field can enhance these heating results.

Recently, NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope made its first observations of the TRAPPIST-1 system, finding that one of the planets in its system has a low probability of possessing a hydrogen atmosphere like the gas planets in our own solar system. This could indicate that at least one of TRAPPIST-1’s planets could possess a more terrestrial-like atmosphere like Earth, Mars, and Venus. With TRAPPIST-1 holding potential for the field of astrobiology, what follow-up research is planned for this study?

“There are two obvious avenues to pursue,” explains Dr. Bower. “First, our stellar neighborhood is dominated by M stars, so observational campaigns can assess the flaring nature of many more M stars besides TRAPPIST-1. Second, enhanced characterization of the TRAPPIST planetary system through observations and models will improve our understanding of the planetary interiors. This will enable us to refine our model in terms of whether the planets have an iron core and whether they have a large Earth-like silicate mantle.”

“We plan to run more elaborated physical simulations to better understand the effect intrinsic magnetic fields,” said Dr. Alexander Grayver, who is a Heisenberg Junior Research Group Leader at the University of Cologne, and lead author of the study. “The long-term goal is to couple our model with models of atmosphere formation and erosion.”

Do any of the TRAPPIST-1 planets contain the ingredients for life as we know it, or maybe as we don’t know it? Only time will tell, and this is why we science!

As always, keep doing science & keep looking up!

27-12-2022 om 23:00 geschreven door peter

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Top 14 UFO Cases Over the Past 72 Years

The U.S. government’s investigation into unidentified flying objects, or UFOs, has gained renewed attention in recent years, with the 2023 National Defense Authorization Act expanding the authority and scope of the investigation. In the video below, Chris Lehto explores some of the most notable UFO cases over the past 72 years, starting with the Roswell Incident of 1947.

The Roswell Incident remains one of the most well-known UFO cases to this day. It all started when a UFO allegedly crashed near Roswell, New Mexico, and the U.S. military initially claimed to have recovered the wreckage of a flying saucer. However, the story quickly changed, and the military claimed that the wreckage was actually from a weather balloon. Major Jesse Marcel was dispatched to the crash site and reported finding a piece of metal that was incredibly lightweight and couldn’t be bent, even with a sledgehammer. Marcel was ordered to transport the strange debris to Fort Worth Army Airfield, where he was met by the commanding general and told to keep quiet about the incident.

Another notable UFO case involves astronaut Gordon Cooper, who claimed to have witnessed a flying saucer while on a mission in 1951. He described seeing multiple silver and circular craft flying at higher altitudes than his jet fighter could reach. Cooper also reported seeing a negative film of a flying saucer landing on three telescoping legs, which flew off as the film crew approached.

In 1964, Robert Jacobs, a U.S. Air Force officer, claimed to have witnessed a UFO disabling an intercontinental ballistic missile during a test launch. He reported seeing a beam of light being fired at the warhead, causing it to tumble out of outer space. Jacobs faced harassment and his mailbox was destroyed after the story became public.

The Westall UFO incident of 1966 saw hundreds of students and teachers at a school in Westall, Victoria, Australia witness a low-flying UFO. The UFO was described as being disc-shaped and metallic, and it reportedly hovered over the school for several minutes before suddenly disappearing. Multiple witnesses reported seeing military personnel arrive at the school shortly after the UFO sighting, leading some to speculate that the government was involved in covering up the incident.

These are just a few examples of the many UFO cases that have garnered attention over the years. While it is impossible to say for certain what these sightings represent, they continue to fuel speculation and intrigue.

https://www.historyextra.com/period/2...

27-12-2022 om 18:45 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Mystery in Space: NASA Sun Satellite Observes Object Changing Course

Mystery in Space: NASA Sun Satellite Observes Object Changing Course

NASA’s sun satellite recently captured a mysterious space object that appeared to suddenly change direction. The object was seen approaching the top left portion of the sun before shooting up and away, which has led to speculation about its nature.

There are several possible explanations for the object’s behavior. One possibility is that it is not actually close to the sun, but simply passed by the satellite at a high velocity. Another possibility is that it is an unidentified flying object (UFO), although there is no way to confirm this theory.

A third possibility is that the object is a clump of dust, gases, or other material that is being pushed in towards the solar system as part of the galactic current sheet. This would explain why the object appears to get bigger and brighter before becoming smaller as it moves away. If this is the case, it is possible that we will see more of these aggregated clumps as time goes on.

Regardless of what the object is, it is clear that it is a fascinating and unusual phenomenon. It will be interesting to see if further observations or analysis can provide more insight into its nature.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

27-12-2022 om 18:39 geschreven door peter

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Arp 273: Battling Galaxies from Hubble

What's happening to these spiral galaxies? Although details remain uncertain, there sure seems to be a titanic battle going on. The upper galaxy is labelled UGC 1810 by itself, but together with its collisional partners is known as Arp 273.
The overall shape of the UGC 1810 -- in particular its blue outer ring -- is likely a result of wild and violent gravitational interactions. The blue color of the outer ring at the top is caused by massive stars that are blue hot and have formed only in the past few million years. The inner part of the upper galaxy -- itself an older spiral galaxy -- appears redder and threaded with cool filamentary dust.
A few bright stars appear well in the foreground, unrelated to colliding galaxies, while several far-distant galaxies are visible in the background. Arp 273 lies about 300 million light years away toward the constellation of Andromeda. Quite likely, UGC 1810 will devour its galactic sidekicks over the next billion years and settle into a classic spiral form.
Arp 273: Battling Galaxies from Hubble
Image Credit:

NASA, ESA, Hubble; Processing & Copyright: Rudy Pohl
http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap191120.html

{ https://science.nasa.gov/ }

27-12-2022 om 18:32 geschreven door peter

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LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 27/12/2022

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 27/12/2022

International Space Station in 2022 - See the NASA highlights

What happened on the International Space Station in 2022? NASA's 'Space to Ground' series highlights an eventful year in orbit.

Credit: NASA Johnson Space Center

What If You Lived on Kepler-22b?

Sunken Treasures (Full Episode) | Drain the Oceans

Treasure hunting has captured our imaginations for centuries. Draining the oceans reveals the richest wrecks ever found.

SPACE FORCE: The Secret Orbit - Arms Race in Space | SpaceTime - WELT Documentary

In December 2019, the United States established its new space force: the United States Space Force. A logical step in a globalized and digitized world whose infrastructure depends on satellites in space. This infrastructure is under threat. Also by a resurgence of conflict between East and West. This episode of Spacetime describes how the military conquered space and why the world is in a new arms race in Earth orbit.

#documentary #spacetime #usa

An exploration of Tibet’s animal kingdom I Connections

Welcome to the roof of the world, the wild, mysterious animal kingdom of Tibet where animals and people co-exist in an extraordinary tough high altitude environment.

RELATED:

https://youtu.be/NIlwzWrx1t0

The Real Reason NASA Is Going To Jupiter!

Interstellar Travel Without Breaking Physics with Andrew Higgins

Interstellar travel can be real. And you don't need to break the laws of Physics to do it. In this interview, I discuss a realistic way we can send missions to nearby stars in our lifetimes.

🦄 Support us on Patreon: https://patreon.com/universetoday

00:00:00 Intro

00:02:06 How hard is interstellar travel

00:13:19 Ride solar wind like a bird

00:23:15 How a realistic mission can look like

00:40:20 Exploring the Solar System

00:46:50 Fastest gun in the world

00:55:39 Best way to get off planet Earth

01:01:08 Interstellar Symposium

01:04:00 First interstellar mission. When?

01:13:53 How to become an interstellar engineer

01:19:17 Outro

Top 14 UFO Cases Over the Past 72 Years

Not only is NASA seriously investigating UFOs, or "UAPs," but a new U.S. law for 2023, NDAA 2023, dramatically expands the authority and scope of UAP investigation. How much evidence could there be squirreled away in government files to find? Here is a list of 14 notable cases in chronological order:

(1) July 8th 1947 - , Roswell Army Air Field issued a press release stating that they had recovered a "flying disc". The Army quickly retracted the statement and said instead that the crashed object was a conventional weather baloon. On 7th August 1947 Jesse Marcel was pictured at Fort Worth Army-Air Force -- Brig. General Roger Ramey, left, holding telegram, and Col. Thomas J. DuBose looking over wind-forecasting device from Roswell claiming that the debris was in fact just a weather balloon.

(2) Gordon Cooper, Jr. born 1927, Cooper was very vocal about his belief in the existence of UFOs, so convinced that UFOs were deserving of serious study that he testified on the topic before the United Nations in 1978.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TVj-A...

3) Ex-US Air Force First lieutenant Robert Jacobs alleged a craft, resembling a flying saucer, circled the dummy warhead during a test flight in California, during 1964.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vtopk...

(4) The Westall UFO incident: At approximately 11:00 am on Wednesday, 6 April 1966, students and a teacher from Westall High School, in Melbourne, Australia, reported seeing a flying object, described as a grey (or silvery-green) saucer-shaped craft with a slight purple hue and about twice the size of a family car.

(5) The Nuclear Event at Malmstrom: In 1967, Robert Salas, a U.S. Air Force officer, claimed that a "hovering orange fireball" at the gate knocked all ten nuclear missiles offline! Salas has been holding a press conference in Washington every five years since. Rep Gallagher put Salas's account into the U.S. congressional record summer of 2022.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fXo-S...

(6)The Rendlesham Forest Incident: 1980. The Rendlesham UFO event, also known as the "British Roswell," refers to a series of reported UFO sightings near a U.S./ British military base in Suffolk, England. One of the key witnesses to the events was John Burroughs, a U.S. Air Force security officer. According to his testimony, he and several other airmen observed strange lights in the sky and even encountered a glowing, metallic ship on the ground.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lSWRi...

(7) The Belgian UFO wave began in November 1989. Reports were filed, most many weeks after the events. Many of the reports related a large object flying at low altitude. Some reports also stated that the craft was of a flat, triangular shape, with lights underneath.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YPqfs...

(8) On September 16, 1994, there was a UFO sighting outside Ruwa, Zimbabwe. 62 pupils at the Ariel School aged between six and twelve claimed that they saw one or more silver craft descend from the sky and land on a field near their school

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d4JXx...

(9) The Varginha UFO incident: James Fox great documentary "Moment of Contact" -in 1996 Varginha, Brazil. According to media reports, a creature was first sighted by three sisters ranging from 14 to 22 years old.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J5pg9...

(10) The Phoenix Lights - March 13, 1997 at 7:55 pm MST, a witness in Henderson, Nevada reported seeing a large, V-shaped object traveling southeast. At 8:15 pm, an unidentified former police officer in Paulden, Nevada reported seeing a cluster of reddish-orange lights disappear over the southern horizon. Shortly afterwards, there were reports of lights seen over the Prescott Valley. It is one of largest mass sightings in modern history.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FW3Si...

(11) Turkey UFO incident. In the summers of 2007, 2008, and 2009, a security guard Yalcin Yilmaz, filmed strange lights and what appeared to be metallic flying saucers.

https://youtu.be/gJIYf62SdEw

(12) The Nimitz- November 2004

https://youtu.be/gJIYf62SdEw

(13) The Gimbal Case: In 2014, a box-orb UFO was seen "daily" by Navy F-18 pilots after a new radar upgrade. The sightings, one captured on video as "The Gimbal" video, have been the subject of much debate and speculation, with some experts claiming that it was caused by "glare."

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6oKLg...

(14) Catalina islands in 2019 - Drone swarms by the Navy

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hUx6g...

27-12-2022 om 18:07 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

James Webb-telescoop werd een jaar geleden gelanceerd: een overzicht van de waanzinnige beelden

Beelden van de James Webb-telescoop.

© James Webb Telescoop

James Webb-telescoop werd een jaar geleden gelanceerd: een overzicht van de waanzinnige beelden

Sterrenkijken werd het voorbije jaar naar een heel nieuw niveau getild met de lancering van de James Webb-ruimtetelescoop. Meerdere keren dit jaar konden we genieten van waanzinnig mooie en mysterieuze beelden van ons universum. Hier volgt een overzicht van de mooiste plekjes die ontdekt zijn in ons heelal. Wetenschapsexpert Martijn Peeters geeft ook duiding bij de impact die James Webb op de wetenschap heeft gehad: “Deze mooie beelden zijn slechts bijkomstig en zeker niet het hoofdonderzoek.”

Na een succesvolle lancering exact een jaar geleden, bereikte de James-Webb telescoop op 23 januari zijn bestemming. Hij werd toen in een baan rond de zon ‘geparkeerd’ op een stabiele plek in de schaduw van de aarde. Hij verbruikt daar zo min mogelijk energie, heeft vrij zicht op het universum en kan eenvoudig beelden en metingen doorsturen. De ambitieuze kijker ligt op zo’n 1,5 miljoen kilometer van ons.

“Op dit moment is de impact nog beperkt, want hij is nog maar net operationeel”, vertelt Martijn Peters. “Maar hij stuurt nu zijn eerste data door en daar zijn al massaal veel wetenschappers mee bezig.” Het is dan ook veel meer dan enkel mooie beelden. “Veel data wordt opengesteld en daar kan iedereen onderzoek op uitvoeren. Daarnaast kan je metingen laten uitvoeren als je dat aanvraagt”, vertelt Peters.

Eerste beelden

Het was even wachten tot ze met het grote publiek werden gedeeld, maar in juli dit jaar konden we voor het eerst kijken naar de wondermooie beelden die de telescoop had gemaakt. Een van de eerste beelden was onder meer Stephan’s Quintet, een visuele groepering van vijf sterrenstelsels. Het beeld was waanzinnig scherp en bevatte meer dan 150 miljoen pixels.

Stephan’s Quintet.

Stephan’s Quintet.

© via REUTERS

“NASA pakt graag uit met die beelden en ze zijn ook zeer mooi, maar veel van die beelden zijn slechts bijkomstig en niet het hoofdonderzoek. De hoofdtaak is om massa’s aan wetenschappelijke data te genereren”, vertelt expert Peters.

Bij de eerste beelden van de James Webb zat ook de ‘zuidelijke Ringnevel’. Dat is een langzaam uitdijende schil van sterrengas op een afstand van ongeveer 2.000 lichtjaar (één lichtjaar is zo’n 9,5 biljoen kilometer). De nevel is duizenden jaren geleden uitgestoten door de stervende ster in het centrum. In zo’n afkoelende nevel ontstaan minuscule stofdeeltjes en verschillende moleculen, waaronder koolwaterstofverbindingen die aan de basis liggen van het leven. Over een kleine vijf miljard jaar zal ook onze eigen zon opzwellen tot een rode reuzenster en zo’n uitdijende nevel het heelal in blazen.

Zuidelijke Ringnevel.

© AFP

Op een ander beeld leken wel oranje-blauwe penseelstreken op een impressionistisch schilderij te staan, maar het zijn wervelende gas- en stofwolken in de Carinanevel, op 7.600 lichtjaar afstand. In de koude, stoffige krochten van dit nevelcomplex ontstaan nieuwe, zware sterren; een geboorteproces dat door Webb in detail bestudeerd kan worden, omdat infrarode straling dwars door de meeste stofwolken heen dringt. Net als op de andere Webb-foto’s zijn de kleuren niet echt (het menselijk oog kan geen infrarode straling waarnemen). Met verschillende kleuren worden verschillende infrarode golflengten in beeld gebracht.

Gas- en stofwolken in de Carinanevel, op 7.600 lichtjaar afstand © AP

Planeten

Ook naar Neptunus werd getuurd door de James Webb. Astronomen hadden de meest afgelegen planeet van het zonnestelsel niet meer zo duidelijk kunnen zien sinds de sonde Voyager 2 in 1989 in de buurt van Neptunus passeerde. Het infraroodzicht van de telescoop bood een nieuwe manier om de atmosfeer te analyseren, verklaarde Mark McCaughrean, adviseur wetenschap en exploratie bij het Europees Ruimteagentschap (ESA).

De James Webb Space-telescoop is erin geslaagd om de scherpste foto van Neptunus te nemen sinds 1989.

© NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI

Ook Jupiter kent door de James Webb nu minder geheimen voor ons. Verschillende beelden van de James Webb werden samengevoegd tot een compositiefoto die de aarde een nieuwe blik gunt op de gasreus. “Zo kan je Jupiters Grote Rode Vlek zien rechts onderaan”, zegt wetenschapsexpert Martijn Peters. “Dat is een storm groot genoeg om de aarde te verzwelgen.” Martijn wijst ook op de vage ringen en verre sterrenstelsels die je kan zien op de achtergrond.

Jongste sterrenstelsel

De telescoop heeft begin deze maand ook een zeer oud sterrenstelsel ontdekt dat tot nu toe niet zichtbaar was. Het sterrenstelsel zou ‘slechts’ 350 miljoen jaar na de oerknal zijn ontstaan. “Wat we met zekerheid kunnen verwachten, is dat het record van het jongste sterrenstelsel nog verbroken zal worden”, vertelt Peters. “Door te kijken naar het infraroodlicht diep in ons heelal kunnen we leren hoe de eerste honderd miljoenen jaren na de oerknal er uit hebben gezien. Tot nu was dat een mysterie.”

© AP

De James Webb kon ook staren naar dit Karrenwielstelsel. Dit stelsel was volgens de ruimtevaartorganisaties tot nu toe altijd een beetje in nevelen gehuld door de grote hoeveelheden stof. Hubble heeft voorheen ook naar dit sterrenstelsel gekeken, maar bijvoorbeeld de ‘spaken’ in het wiel zijn veel beter zichtbaar op de nieuwe afbeelding.

De data van James Webb maken eens te meer duidelijk dat het Karrenwielstelsel zich in een overgangsfase bevindt. Het was vermoedelijk ooit een normaal sterrenstelsel zoals de Melkweg, maar in het verleden was er een botsing op hoge snelheid tussen een groot spiraalstelsel en een klein sterrenstelsel dat niet zichtbaar is op de afbeelding. Door de botsing zijn de vorm en structuur veranderd.

Een foto van het Karrenwielstelsel, gemaakt door de James Webb Space-telescoop.

© AP

Voor ruimtefanaten is het een bekend beeld: “De Zuilen van de Schepping”. Het is een van de mooiste bezienswaardigheden in de kosmos en dit jaar heeft James Webb hem opnieuw bezocht. Wat je ziet op de beelden zijn dichte wolken van waterstofgas en stof in het sterrenbeeld Serpens, op zo’n 6.500 lichtjaar van de aarde. De Hubble-telescoop fotografeerde deze ruimtepracht al in 1995 en 2014.

Zuilen van de Schepping.

© AFP

Nog betere telescoop

“De James Webb zal minstens 10 jaar operatief kunnen blijven, maar waarschijnlijk zelfs langer”, zegt Peters. Er komt ook nog een opvolging van NASA, namelijk de ‘Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope’. Daar wordt nu al aan gewerkt en eens die klaar is, zal die nog veel grotere regionen van de nachthemel kunnen afspeuren. “Die zal ook beter zijn in onderzoek doen naar donkere energie en nog beter in onderzoek op vlak van exoplaneten”, vertelt Peters.

Afsluiten doen we met dit prachtige beeld. Het toont het hart van M74, ook bekend als het spookstelsel. M74 is een spiraalstelsel op 32 miljoen lichtjaar afstand en bestaat uit ongeveer 100 miljard sterren.

© AFP

27-12-2022 om 01:37 geschreven door peter

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Falling Object Turns Over Las Vegas, Nevada, Dec 25, 2022, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Dec 25, 2022

Location of sighting: Las Vegas, Nevada, USA

A Las Vegas sighting was recorded on Christmas day. The object appeared to be huge and suspended in the sky and then made a sudden hard right turn of 90 degrees. The turn, is 100% proof that the craft is intelligently controlled. UFOs are often seen near Las Vegas, since part of Nellis AFB old firing range was given to Tall White aliens who created a base...so stated Charles Hall in many TV interviews. Also they are 45 min from Area 51 which has Area S4 within it. Not to mention that the infamous ET highway goes right to Vegas. This is a hotspot, and this video is shows us more proof of this.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

Eyewitness states:

Was driving and saw and orb shape in the sky for a few minutes before pulling over to grab my camera. It was completely stationary for several minutes before it began moving in this video. It clearly changes shape as it begins to move, from this orb shape to something with a long “tail.”

27-12-2022 om 00:05 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

26-12-2022

Sky-watcher caught flashing UFO near the Moon

UFO sightings in outer space are not uncommon, especially around or on the moon many UFO sightings have been reported over the years, mainly by sky-watchers.

This time, while pointing his telescope to the moon sky watcher Limee noticed a flashing object next to the moon and after increasing color depth we see an unknown large spacecraft which is not the ISS or a satellite.

While we don't know if it's a man-made or an extraterrestrial craft, it's further proof that there's a lot of activity around the moon.

With NASA going to the moon again, and other space agencies also having the same goal, as well as unknown spaceships, like the one in the video below, the question is whether that will escalate into a space war in the near future.

26-12-2022 om 23:48 geschreven door peter

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Mysterious UFO Sighting Reported in Sickerville, New Jersey on Christmas Day 2022

On December 25th, 2022, a resident of Sickerville, New Jersey reported seeing multiple flying objects in the sky while taking out their garbage. The witness described seeing one pulsating object hovering in the sky, which then turned into two flying objects. The witness ran back inside to retrieve their phone and began recording a video of the objects.

In the video, the witness captured two more objects appearing in the sky and seemingly following one another in a circular pattern. Two of the objects hovered in place while the other two disappeared in the distance, only to reappear and hover again a few minutes later.

The witness described the objects as being strange and unlike anything they had ever seen before. Some speculate that the objects could have been unidentified flying objects (UFOs) or possibly even extraterrestrial spacecraft. However, without further evidence it is difficult to determine the true nature of the objects.

The sighting was not widely reported and remains a mystery to this day. It is not uncommon for people to report UFO sightings, but without concrete evidence it can be difficult to determine the true cause of these events. Some people believe that UFO sightings are evidence of extraterrestrial visitation, while others believe they can be explained by natural or man-made phenomena. Regardless of the cause, the Sickerville UFO sighting remains a fascinating and intriguing event.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/}

26-12-2022 om 23:33 geschreven door peter

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This day in UFO history: Rendlesham Forest UFO incident

Rendlesham ufo

The Rendlesham Forest UFO incident is a series of events that took place in December 1980 at a US military base in Rendlesham Forest, Suffolk, England. The incident has become one of the most well-known and controversial UFO cases in history, with many people believing that it was an encounter with extraterrestrial life.

According to eyewitness accounts, the incident began on the night of December 26, when military personnel at the base observed strange lights in the sky over the forest. The lights were described as bright, triangular, and pulsating, and some witnesses reported seeing them land in the forest.

Find out more at our Rendlesham Forest UFO incident tag!

Over the next few nights, several military personnel and local residents reported seeing the lights and experiencing strange phenomena, including radiation sickness, burns, and temporary paralysis. Some claimed to have seen strange, humanoid figures near the lights, and others reported that their electronic equipment, such as radios and watches, stopped working when they were near the lights.

The incident received widespread media attention and was investigated by the US military and the British government. However, both investigations concluded that the lights and strange phenomena were likely caused by natural phenomena, such as the Northern Lights, or by misidentified military aircraft.

Despite the official explanations, many people believe that the Rendlesham Forest UFO incident was an encounter with extraterrestrial life, and the case has spawned numerous theories and conspiracy theories. Some people believe that the US government covered up the true nature of the incident, while others claim that the military was involved in secret experiments or that the incident was a hoax.

To this day, the Rendlesham Forest UFO incident remains one of the most mysterious and debated UFO cases in history, with many people still seeking answers about what really happened in the forest that December night.

26-12-2022 om 23:22 geschreven door peter

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LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 26/12/2022

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 26/12/2022

A 110 Million Year Old Dinosaur Mummy Has Just Been Found! What Have Archaeologists Found?

The mighty dinosaurs ruled our earth for 170 million years. Although the era of primeval giants is long over, new fossil discvoeries keep giving us spectacular insights into the age of the giant lizards. Today we would like to open the door to days long past with you and take a close look at some unique dinosaur discoveries from the recent past!

#TheUnknownListEN

Cleopatra's Lost Tomb (Full Episode) | Lost Treasures of Egypt

Archaeologists hunt for the lost tomb of Cleopatra. One team dives the sunken city of Alexandria and an explorer unearths a secret underground tunnel.

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Scientists New TERRIFYING Discovery By The Large Hadron Collider At CERN

Scientists New TERRIFYING Discovery By The Large Hadron Collider At CERN. Located underground between the borders of France and Switzerland at CERN, the LHC is the world's most powerful particle accelerator. The giant donut-shaped collider uses superconducting magnets and beams of protons, to smash known particles together, at extremely high energies. And now, after a three-year-long gap, it has been turned back on.

#timetravel #paralleluniverse #space

This Ancient Book Found In Egypt Revealed A Terrifying Message

In ancient Egypt, death was not seen to be a humane enough means to put an end to one's suffering. Even in the afterlife, danger lurked around every corner, and the deceased had to overcome what amounted to a spiritual obstacle course in order to arrive at Aaru, the glorious realm where Osiris, the God of Death, resided. There were at least two routes to get to Aaru: one was by land, and the other was by sea. Both were challenging enough that they called for the use of a guidebook, which was suitably called the Book of Two Ways. It's possible that this complex map of the underworld of ancient Egypt was the first illustrated "book" in the history of our planet. And archaeologists have only recently uncovered a copy that is 4,000 years old, making it arguably the oldest version that has ever been found. What chilling messages does this book hold, and what does its content mean for Egyptologists? Stay with us until the very end to learn everything there is to know about this most recent shocking discovery.

The discovery, which was recently written about in a paper that was published in the Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, pushes the history of ancient literature further back in time. It also demonstrates the level of commitment and ingenuity with which these individuals attempted to solve the mystery of their own mortality. An Egyptology curator at the University of California, Berkeley named Rita Lucarelli stated in an interview that the ancient Egyptians were "obsessed with life in all its forms."

"Death was the beginning of a new life for them." There are only about twenty additional copies of Book of Two Ways known to current archaeologists, so the newest one is actually the oldest one of the lot. According to an article that Colin Barras wrote for New Scientist in October, it beats the previous record holder by around 40 years. The text was found in a coffin that had largely eluded the attention of both grave robbers and earlier generations of archaeologists. It was discovered during excavation of a burial pit in the Egyptian village of Dayr al-Barsh. The ancient text was not a solitary volume like the bound books we have now; rather, it was part of a larger collection. Instead, portions of the text were inscribed on the interior of the sarcophagus itself, and these portions have been preserved in the shape of two rotting cedar panels that are engraved with images and hieroglyphs. The inscriptions make direct reference to the Book of Two Ways, and additional objects in the tomb have been dated to the time of Pharaoh Mentuhotep II, who ruled Egypt until 2010 B.C.

This Genius US Invention Changed The B-52 Stratofortress Forever

The B-52 Strata fortress is a long-range weighty bomber aircraft planned to execute versatile missions. It was built to support immense quantities of weapons and is now deemed to be an crucial part of the United States strategic bomber force.

Just recently officials offered to equip the aircraft with an ordinary strategic rotary launcher or CSRL. These launchers are multi-faceted and designed to carry an extensive variety of weapons. Located inside what is considered as Bombay. Rotaries are modified to rotate the weapons mounted in the bomb bay. Current alterations to the B-52's rotary launcher design continued to construct the aircraft more pliable and fatal in combat environments. As the launcher can now support even more munitions than before. Even though improving the aircraft was not without effort.

To transport a rotary launcher, teams must get the weighty launcher on a trailer before a vehicle moves it to the planned plane. Once ready to load, weapons are armed onto the rotary. This can take around 11 hours to do. Eventually once the bombs are loaded the team utilises the trailer to raise a common strategic rotary launcher into the Bombay.

Nonetheless, like any technological hardware the rotary must also be examined and engineers must sometimes execute maintenance. Once the B-52 is formally ready for launch the team may plan to launch the aircraft in a manner called a cart start. This launching method happens when a small controlled explosive cartridge is thrusted into two of the B-52's engines as a kind of jump start for the generator. £

This enables the crew to become airborne in much less time than during a usual b-52 launch. Although these launches are routine operations they are used in an infrequent manner the B-52s however are not. The stratofortress aircraft was originally constructed in the 50s and have now been around for more than 65 years.

Throughout the years technology of planes has been improved but the primary components of the original B-52 still fly. Before recent upgrades the aircraft was what many regarded as a mismatch of digital and analog systems. The b-52 had initially contained analog interphone panels that crews resorted to talk to one another and crews initially had to carry thumb drives of crucial information such as maps, on and off the plane. Now crew members can obtain digital transmissions in the air.

But before crews can head into the air they still must be fully trained. This can be done by the 93rd bomb squadron, the only b-52 formal training unit in the air force. The team is in charge of training the b-52 pilots and other operators for duty including electronic warfare officers and weapons system officers.

The Crazy Evolution of New $ Billions US Stealth Aircraft

26-12-2022 om 23:00 geschreven door peter

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NASA Makes Asteroid Defense a Priority, Moving its NEO Surveyor Mission Into the Development Phase

There’s an old adage in the engineering field – what gets funded gets built. So it’s sure to be a happy time over at the Planetary Society, as NEO Surveyor, the project the organization has primarily supported over the past few years, has made it through NASA’s grueling budgetary process to reach the “development” stage, with an eye for a launch of the system in 2028.

NEO Surveyor is, as the name implies, a satellite specifically designed to survey for objects near the Earth (NEO). One of its primary contributions will be to look for asteroids and other small bodies that are potentially on an eventual collision course with Earth but are invisible to typical NEO survey missions because of their location in the solar system.

Typically, their signals are just background noise against the overwhelming signal from the Sun. But NEO Surveyor will be able to detect individual asteroid heat signatures, allowing it to isolate potentially dangerous asteroids using this novel technique. With the increased focus on “planetary defense,” as it has come to be called, NASA has been interested in the mission, which was initially proposed in 2005, for some time.

UT has plenty of content on how we protect ourselves from asteroids. The first step is always to find them.

But, as with all bureaucracies, NASA has budgetary difficulties, and NEO Surveyor was no exception. The agency originally canceled NEO Surveyor’s budget for the fiscal years 2022 and 2023, forcing project scientists and engineers to move on to other projects for their salaries. So when NASA again picked up the bill for the project, it had ballooned to $1.2 billion, partly due to the increased inflation throughout the economy in the intervening years.

Despite that price hike, the Planetary Society expects Congress to support the mission, in part thanks to more than 5,000 people who wrote their local representatives on behalf of the project. In a further show of support, the seemingly unrelated CHIPS and Science act passed by Congress earlier this year forces NASA into no longer cutting programs funding even if there are cost overruns on other programs (like, for example, the JWST).

Now with funding secured, the mission moves on to building and testing flight hardware as the third part of the five-step NASA project cycle. At the end of this “Phase C,” all of the hardware should be ready for final assembly and testing. But there’s still a long way, and potentially some of its own cost overruns, to go before NEO Surveyor is officially in space and collecting valuable data on our immediate planetary neighborhood. But for now, the project appears on track to deliver those helpful data points, if slightly later than its proponents had hoped for.

Watch this discussion of the NEO Surveyor Mission if you’d like to learn more, featuring Amy Mainzer, who originally proposed the mission.
Credit – Tuscon Amateur Astronomy Association YouTube Channel

Learn More:

Planetary Society – NEO Surveyor is confirmed
UT – NASA has Approved a Space Telescope That Will Scan the Skies for Dangerous Near-Earth Asteroids
UT – Astronomers Have Found More Than 30,000 Near-Earth Asteroids… so far
UT – Three New Potentially Hazardous Asteroids Discovered, Including a big one That Measures 1.5 km Across

Lead Image:

Artist’s concept of the NEO Surveyor mission.
Credit – NASA / JPL-Caltech/The Planetary Society

26-12-2022 om 01:56 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

The Rendlesham Forest UFO Incident(s): Some of the Top Secret, Lesser-known Parts of the Story

Nick Redfern

It won't be long, at all, before the 42nd "anniversary" of the Rendlesham Forest "UFO landing" will be upon us. That's right: forty-two years ago. At the time, I was 100 percent oblivious of the affair - after all, I was still at school and a teenager. I was also still a teenager when the story was revealed by the media in 1983. I'm not going to make this article an overview of what happened. Or, that didn't happen. Rather, I'm going to share with you some lesser-known aspects of the Rendlesham event. With that said, let's begin. Rendlesham Forest has a long history of ghostly encounters.

Witchcraft and occult-based rites and rituals have been performed late at night in those dark woods. So-called “Alien Big Cats,” or “black panthers,” as they are mostly named, have been seen roaming through the woods on more than a few times. One of the earliest, credible cases on record is that of Jimmy Freeman, whose close encounter with a big cat occurred while driving past Rendlesham Forest late one night in the mid-1970s. While the precise date has been lost to the inevitable fog of time, the details are as fresh in the mind of Freeman today as they were on the night the incident occurred. Given the fact that the encounter had occurred around 11:15 to 11:30 on what was a dark, cloudy and slightly misty night, Freeman was driving slowly and had his lights on full-beam as he negotiated the dark and winding roads. As a result, when something large and shadowy charged across the road in front of him, Freeman could not fail to see the creature for what it was. Long, sleek and black in color, Freeman is in no doubt that for a split second or two he had a brief sighting of a huge cat. Today, he says firmly: “If I live to be a hundred, I will tell the same: Rendlesham Forest has big cats.”

(Nick Redfern)

Royal Air Force Bentwaters: no longer what it was

Now, to something that relates to Rendlesham, but on a very different level: It was in January 2001 that the then-retired - and now late - British Admiral of the Fleet, Lord Hill-Norton, decided to get into the Rendlesham Forest controversy. Much of it came from the late Georgina Bruni, who dug deep into the story. Having had an interest in UFOs for decades, he used his considerable clout to try and figure out what occurred on those nights in 1980. It was hardly an easy task for Hill-Norton to achieve. Of specific interest to Hill-Norton were the claims of a connection to the activities of the Porton Down staff - Porton Down being a highly classified facility in Wiltshire, England, that did a lot of controversial, top secret work. He wanted to know “...whether personnel from Porton Down visited Rendlesham Forest or the areas surrounding the Royal Air Force Watton in December 1980 or January 1981; and whether they are aware of any tests carried out in either of those two areas aimed at assessing any nuclear, biological or chemical hazard.” Hill-Norton got a response from the government he had dutifully worked for. It was not, however, the reply that he hoped for. The reply came from Baroness Symons of Vernham Dean. She spoke on behalf of the MoD, who provided nothing but a concise comment that didn’t really advance the investigation into the case at all. The baroness said: “The staff at the Defense Evaluation and Research Agency (DERA) Chemic and Biological Defense (CBD) laboratories at Porton Down have made a thorough search of their archives and have found no record of any such visits.”

(Nick Redfern)

Rumors still circulate of connections between the Rendlesham Forest event and Porton Down.

The genesis of the next part of the story dates back to 1986. That was the year in which the late Graham Birdsall – who ran the popular and successful U.K.-based UFO Magazine – had a notable conversation with a man named George Wild. Back in the eighties, Wild was employed as a prison officer at a U.K. facility called Armley Prison. Built in the 19th century, and located in Leeds, England, it is a “Class C” jail, which means the prisoners are considered those who “cannot be trusted in open conditions but who are unlikely to try to escape.” George Wild quietly confided in Birdsall something highly disturbing, something that he had learned from a fellow officer: that on the night of December 27, 1980, the U.K. government’s Home Office was hastily readying local law-enforcement personnel to evacuate several prisons in Suffolk. Wild said that he knew for sure one of the prisons was HM [Her Majesty’s] Prison Highpoint North. It is situated in the village of Stradishall, Suffolk, which is approximately forty-four miles from Woodbridge. As for the primary role of the Home Office, its staff state that: “The first duty of the government is to keep citizens safe and the country secure. The Home Office has been at the front line of this endeavor since 1782. As such, the Home Office plays a fundamental role in the security and economic prosperity of the United Kingdom.” The inference was that the planned evacuations were due to what was happening at Rendlesham Forest. Why, apparently, there were plans for evacations of prisoners held in various areas during the Rendlesham events, no-one really knows.

It’s interesting to note that Jenny Randles has revealed something that may be connected to all of this. In July 1985, Randles was approached by a man who she called “Tommy Doyle.” Randles chose to give the man a pseudonym because, at the time, he was in prison. For burglary. Doyle wrote to Jenny, after he read Sky Crash; a copy of which just happened to be in the prison library. Doyle claimed knowledge of the Rendlesham incident. He even claimed possession of a certain, secret file on the controversy. It was said to have been a file that was confiscated by prison officials when it was found that Doyle had it. Randles was open-minded on what Doyle had to say, but understandably guarded, too. She received one phone call from Doyle after he completed his sentence some months later – and that was it. No more communication. Of course, relying on the words of a burglar might not be the wisest thing to do. There are, however, a couple of points that do make me wonder on the scenario of Doyle knowing at least something of the activity in the forest. First, there’s the fact that Doyle was definitely in prison. We know that because Jenny corresponded with him by mail and while he was still behind bars. And, we also know – thanks to Georgina Bruni, Graham Birdsall and George Wild – that there was a significant prison-based connection to the whole case. Could Doyle have learned something about that prison link to the 1980 incidents while he, himself, was incarcerated? Maybe so. Now, onto yet another lesser-known part of the overall Rendlesham event(s).

There is another very interesting story that few know about, but that may be relevant to the above. Still on this matter, there’s a story that surfaced on July 31, 1994. The source of the story? None other than Charles Halt. In a lecture at the city of Leeds, U.K., he revealed that only a few hours after the first night of activity in the woods, a C141 Starlifter aircraft, which was used in operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm, arrived. A number of what were intriguingly termed “special individuals” exited the plane and made their quick way to the East Gate of Royal Air Force Woodbridge. Not even Halt knew what was going on. The team was in the woods for a number of hours, after which they left the woods, took their seats on the plane, and got the hell out of Dodge. Georgina Bruni theorized to me that the team may have been there to remove any and all materials relative to the deployment of the hallucinogens the night before. Yes, it was only a scenario on the part of one of Georgina’s informants, but, it certainly made a lot of sense. Rumors suggest that radar tapes were taken from RAF Watton by U.S. Air Force personnel who wanted to examine the alleged UFO evidence and see what, exactly, the tapes showed. This part of the story began in January 1981 with a writer named Paul Begg. It turns out that Begg knew a serviceman who was aware of something of the UFO incidents. It wasn’t long before Jenny Randles was able to speak with this particular source. Not wanting to jeopardize the man’s career, Randles chose to refer to him as “David Potts.” It was Potts who was able to put the pieces together.

(Nick Redfern)

Rendlesham: Aliens, Time-Travelers or a series of Top Secret experiments.

Potts told Randles that it was on December 29 when the Americans turned up at RAF Watton. Jenny learned that they took not just the radar-based data, but even the logbook for the relevant time. There was a very strange facet to all of this: the U.S. agents openly stated to their Royal Air Force counterparts that they needed the material because a craft from another world had come down in Rendlesham Forest. And they had orders to secure and scrutinize whatever material was available. While there is no reason at all to think that Potts was lying, the fact is that U.S. intelligence operatives simply would not stroll into a U.K. military base and loudly spout off about a crashed UFO. That’s not how the military works. And it’s certainly not how secrets are kept. Clearly, and obviously, the Americans were there to further sow the seeds of the UFO story that had been created to hide the truth of the December experiments. No doubt, they knew that those who worked at RAF Watton, and who had been told the story by their American colleagues, would have a hard time keeping quiet on a hot potato like that! And, as history has shown, David Potts did not stay quiet. He went on to become a significant figure in the radar-based angle of the story. While the more sensationalized RAF Watton story has never been vindicated, there is proof that the base was involved to some degree. In October 1988 I was informed by Squadron Leader E.E. Webster of RAF Watton: “Our log book for the period does indeed say that a UFO was reported to us by RAF Bentwaters at 0325 GMT on 28 December 1980 but that is all the information we have.” There is, however, more to come.

On October 2, 1983, the News of the World newspaper reported that, “The first sighting of the craft over England was recorded on a radar screen” at RAF Watton. The NOTW added that, “Radar operators followed the progress as it flew over the East Coast until it disappeared.” Moving ahead, in July 2015 the BBC took a look at the radar-driven side of all this. They told their readers: “New evidence has been gathered to back up claims a UFO landed near a U.S. airbase in Suffolk, a former deputy commander has claimed. Col. Charles Halt told the BBC he saw unidentified objects at Rendlesham Forest in December 1980. He says he now has statements from radar operators at RAF Bentwaters and nearby Wattisham airfield that an unknown object was tracked at the time.” The BBC got to the heart of the matter, as it relates to radar. They quoted Charles Halt as saying: “I have confirmation that (Bentwaters radar operators)... saw the object go across their 60 mile (96km) scope in two or three seconds, thousands of miles an hour. He came back across their scope again, stopped near the water tower, they watched it and observed it go into the forest where we were," said Col Halt. At Wattisham, they picked up what they called a ‘bogie’ and lost it near Rendlesham Forest. Whatever was there was clearly under intelligent control.”

With so much data in hand – suggesting that radar played such a significant role in this story – you might say to me: “Isn’t this proof that aliens really were flying over Suffolk in late December?” I say “No!” Why? Because, there is something that can turn everything on its collective head. It shows how the radar tapes didn’t monitor anything of a UFO kind. Just like the military personnel in Rendlesham Forest who thought they were encountering something extraterrestrial, those who were working on the radar side of things were also manipulated to accept something that wasn’t real. They were led to believe that something strange and unearthly was in the sky when, in all actuality, nothing was caught on radar. It just appeared to be the case. Yet again, things are not what they seem to be – which is just about the theme of this whole story.

(Nick Redfern)

The Rendlesham affair was a mystery then. It's still a mystery now.

Back to Georgina Bruni: her final source told a most sinister tale. It concerns a military base situated in the county of Norfolk, England. It borders the county of Suffolk, where the Rendlesham events happened. Royal Air Force Watton is a now-closed-down RAF facility that opened in 1939. It wasn’t until 1998 that the Station was sold, by which time it was in a very run-down state. The Airfield remained and still remains in the hands of the Ministry of Defense.” On October 25, 1988 Squadron Leader E.E. Webster of RAF Watton wrote me the following, after I raised questions about RAF Watton’s claimed connections to the Rendlesham Forest case: “Our log book for the period does indeed say that a UFO was reported to us by RAF Bentwaters at 0325 GMT on 28 December 1980 but that is all the information we have.” Apparently, though, it actually wasn’t “all the information we have.” Someone – or an agency - was being decidedly economic with the facts, such as those facts were. Nick Pope revealed that Georgina Bruni’s RAF Police sources knew of a far greater story concerning RAF Watton than the brief one provided to me by Squadron Leader E.E. Webster in 1988. Apparently, on the very same night that staff at RAF Watton recorded the presence of a UFO (on December 28, 1980), a pair of military dog-handlers were patrolling the facility when something very strange happened. The pair was shocked and baffled to see just outside the perimeter fence a number of figures. No, they were not aliens. They were all too human: they were dressed in NBC (Nuclear, Biological and Chemical) outfits, head-to-foot. One of Bruni’s police sources revealed that he and his comrades were interviewed, questioned, and warned to remain silent with regard to what they had seen on that cold, winter’s night. Or, rather, who they had seen. And, no surprise: there are still new revelations surfacing.

ALL RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

Cannabis plants could be the missing player in human's fight against climate change, as hemp can absorb carbon dioxide from the air more than twice as effectively as trees.

26-12-2022 om 01:48 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )

25-12-2022

Little shop of horrors? Terrifying video shows plants 'breathe' through 'mouths' that open and close

The video is of stomata, which is a pore found in the epidermis of leaves
Scientists discovered that it opens and closes like a mouth when the plant signals there are changes in carbon dioxide levels
The team is working on the way to edit the mechanism behind this action
This will allow them to breed crops capable of withstanding climate change

By STACY LIBERATORE FOR DAILYMAIL.COM

It may look like Audrey II from the 1986 film Little Shop of Horrors, but the green mouth opening and closing is a plant's response to changing carbon dioxide and humidity levels.

Researchers at the University of California San Diego captured a close-up look at a single stomata, a pore found in the epidermis of leaves, opening and closing in a movement that looks like breathing.

Knowing that plants can signal their 'mouths' to respond to changing levels will allow scientists to edit those signals and produce crops that withstand the effects of climate change, said Jared Dashoff, a spokesperson with the National Science Foundation (NSF) that funded the work.

'The response to changes is critical for plant growth and regulates how efficient the plant can be in using water, which is important as we see increased drought and rising temperatures,' said Julian Schroeder, who led the new research.

A close-up of stomata, a pore found in the epidermis of leaves, reveals it opens and closes like a mouth breathing. This is a response to changes in carbon dioxide levels

The changing climate can impact the balance between carbon dioxide entry and water vapor loss through the stomata.

If plants, particularly crops grown for food, cannot find a balance, they become dried up and useless.

A study in 2021, also funded by NSF, found that global agricultural productivity over the past 60 years is still 21 percent lower than it could have been without climate change.

Cannabis plants could help fight climate change because they absorb carbon dioxide more than TWICE as effectively as trees

On the underside of leaves and elsewhere, depending on the plant, are tiny openings called stomata — thousands per leaf with variations by plant species.

'Like little castle gates, pairs of cells on the sides of the stomatal pore — known as guard cells — open their central pore to take in the carbon dioxide,' Dashoff said in a statement.

These proteins signal cells to relax and shut the stomata.

When the plant senses increased carbon dioxide levels, a second protein blocks the first one from keeping the stomata open and shut.

'Finding that the CO2 sensor in plants is made up of two proteins was enlightening and maybe a reason the mechanism hadn't been identified until now,' Schroeder said.

In a low-carbon dioxide environment where the plant needs to keep the stomata open longer to get the amount it needs for photosynthesis, a protein known as HT1 activates an enzyme that forces the guard cells to swell up, keeping the stoma open.

'However, when stomata are open, the inside of the plant is exposed to the elements and water from the plant is lost into the surrounding air, which can dry out the plant,' said Dashoff.

'Plants, therefore, must balance the intake of carbon dioxide with water vapor loss by controlling how long the stomata remain open.'

Richard Cyr, an NSF program director, said: 'Determining how plants control their stomata under changing CO2 levels creates a different kind of opening — one to new avenues of research and possibilities for addressing societal challenges.'

Dashoff told SWS that the scientists have filed a patent and are examining ways to translate their findings into tools for crop breeders and farmers.

Thousands of stomata are on the surface of the plants. Scientists believe they can edit the signals it receives from plants when there is a change in carbon dioxide levels to breed crops to withstand climate change

While the video looks like Audrey II from the Little Shop of Horrors (pictured), it is a breathtaking shot of stomata responding to changes in carbon dioxide levels

Plants are known to be carbon dioxide guzzlers, but a study in 2018 found they take in more than previously thought.

In the study, researchers from the Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory developed a new model to account for what plants do during the photosynthesis-inactive period.

According to the team, previous models fail to consider that plants continue to compete for nutrients in the soil even at night.

By incorporating this, the researchers found that plants can produce an uptake of more carbon dioxide than previously thought.

And soils lose far less nitrous oxide. The new study found the models have been overestimating the soils’ release by roughly 2.4 gigatons of CO2-equivalent per year.

If you enjoyed this article...

Global warming will reduce the amount of carbon absorbed by forests because higher temperatures will mean the lifespan of trees will be shorter

Also, carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere are so high that just planting trees won't save humans from global warming

And energy breakthrough as researchers harness artificial photosynthesis to create hydrogen fuel

Read more:

25-12-2022 om 23:13 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:MYSTERIES ( Fr, Nl, E)

KIJK. Akelig of fascinerend? Microscopische beelden uit nieuwe studie tonen hoe planten 'ademen’ met iets wat op een mond lijkt

Onderzoekers van de Universiteit van Californië hebben baanbrekend onderzoek verricht. Samen met medewerkers uit Estland en Finland zijn ze erin geslaagd om een ongrijpbare moleculaire route op te sporen die planten gebruiken om hun ‘ademhaling’ te sturen. De gevonden moleculaire route helpt planten om te reageren op CO²-waarden. Dat levert ook opvallende microscopische beelden op van de huidmondjes waarmee planten CO² opnemen. Verder onderzoek rond het mechanisme kan zorgen voor enorme stappen in het artificieel kweken van nieuwe en sterkere gewassen. Die sterkere gewassen kunnen essentieel worden als de hoeveelheid CO² in onze atmosfeer blijft toenemen.

25-12-2022 om 22:56 geschreven door peter

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This is why they didn't go back to the moon after the Apollo missions?

Apollo 17 (December 7–19, 1972) was the final mission of NASA's Apollo program and they never went to the moon again for some good reasons that time.

Now after 50 years something has changed and with its Artemis program NASA prepares to return to and to land astronauts on the moon again as soon as 2025. As NASA states, they are going back to the moon for scientific discovery, economic benefits, and inspiration for a new generation of explorers and we may wonder what these discoveries could be, maybe the man-made structures and (alien)objects already reported by the Apollo crews but hidden from the public for over 50 years?

Neil Armstrong said, look, you know, if I were to go forward and talk about what actually happened, it's been, I've been told Neil Armstrong said this to us, that my me, my wife, my children, and my grandchildren would all be killed. That they would take us out somehow. Some terrible accident. And he says, I'm not going to talk about it.

Here is an extract from the original press release. NASA scientists and engineers participating in exploration of Mars and the Moon reported the results of their discoveries at a briefing at the Washington National Press Club on March 21st, 1996. It was announced for the first time that manmade structures and objects have been discovered on the moon.

The scientists spoke rather cautiously and evasively about these objects, with the exception of a UFO. They always mentioned that manmade objects are possible and stated the information was still understudy and official results would be published later.

It was mentioned at the briefing that the Soviet Union used to own some photo materials proving the presence of such activity on the moon, and although it wasn't identified what kind of activity it was thousands of photo and video materials from the Apollo. And also the Clementine Space Station showed many parts on the lunar surface where this activity and its traces were perfectly evident.

The video films and photos made by us astronauts during the Apollo program were demonstrated at the briefing. People were extremely surprised why the materials hadn't been presented to the public earlier NASA specialists.

25-12-2022 om 21:49 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Biden Signs NDAA for 2023: What’s Inside About UFOs/UAPs?

president-biden

The NDAA (National Defense Authorization Act), which was signed by President Joe Biden on Friday, provides the Pentagon with a budget of $816,770,000 for the upcoming fiscal year. It also sets the course for the country’s national defense strategy.

The bill provides for pay raises for military personnel and civilian service members. It also provides for the support of Taiwan and Ukraine. It also includes various programs related to the country’s nuclear facilities.

In a statement, Biden noted that the bill provides for the benefits of military personnel and their loved ones. It also includes important authorities to support the country’s foreign and national security interests. However, it contains a couple of controversial provisions. One of these is a requirement that the Department of Defense (DOD) must rescind a mandate requiring vaccinations for members of the armed forces. The Pentagon has said that it will comply with the law.

One of the controversial provisions of the bill that was signed by the president on Friday relates to the issue of anomalous phenomena, which the Pentagon refers to as UAPs. The legislation provides for the protection of whistleblowers and expands the scope of an investigation being conducted by the AARO.

According to Chris Mellon, a former official in the US Senate Intelligence Committee, the provision regarding UAPs in the NDAA is the biggest story that mainstream media has never covered. He said that the language used in the legislation is unprecedented.

The legislation provides for the authority and scope of the AARO, and it directs it to report directly to the leadership of the Intelligence Community and Defense Department. It also allows the agency to expand its scope of inquiry by looking into government records dating back to 1945.

The legislation also provides for the AARO to carry out a historical review of all UAP activities in the past and present. It requires the agency to share information related to these activities with the leadership of the Department of Defense and other agencies. One of the most important provisions of the legislation allows the agency to protect the privacy of US personnel who have signed non-disclosure agreements.

Independent researcher Douglas Dean Johnson, who tracks legislation related to UAP, noted that the provision in Sec. 1673 is a sweeping anti-retaliation clause that applies to both government contractors and employees.

In December, Johnson noted that the legislation prevented individuals from violating the laws by reporting information that they have gathered through the new system. He said that the provisions of the bill prevent those who have information from being suppressed by non-disclosure agreements.

According to the bill, the AARO must complete its historical review of all non-disclosure agreements within 18 months following the enactment of the NDAA. Mellon claims that the lack of comprehensive reporting on facts contributed to the decision by members of both parties to pass the legislation.

Despite the legislation’s provisions, the AARO still has limitations on how it can share information related to the issue of UAPs with the public. This issue was highlighted by the agency in recent days.

During a media roundtable organized by the Department of Defense on December 16, AARO Director Dr. Sean Kirkpatrick noted that the agency would like to share information about UAPs in the most transparent manner possible, but it also has to consider the importance of protecting classified information.

The agency’s director thanked the members of Congress for their support during the course of the legislation’s development. He also noted that the AARO will continue to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the data it collects in the coming years.

According to Kirkpatrick, the AARO will continue to carry out a thorough analysis of the data it collects in the coming years. He also noted that the agency will not rush to conclusions. The director of the agency said that his office will apply the highest scientific and analytic standards in its work.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

25-12-2022 om 21:21 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 25--/12/2022

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 25/12/2022

Ancient Aliens: U.S. Government's Treasure Trove of UFO Evidence

The U.S. government finally admits to the existence of UFOs. See more in this clip from "Aliens and the United States."

#AncientAliens

InSight Officially Dead // Detecting Warp Drives // New SLS Engine

It’s official, InSight is gone. Perseverance is putting samples onto the surface of Mars. More scientific results from James Webb, and using gravitational wave observatories to detect warp drives.

Support us on Patreon: https://patreon.com/universetoday

00:00 Intro

00:17 InSight Mission is over https://www.universetoday.com/159339/...

01:52 Percy Deposits First Sample on Mars’ Surface https://www.universetoday.com/159365/...

03:48 The Aftermath of the Soyuz Leak Last Week

05:19 DART Science Results https://www.universetoday.com/159314/...

07:58 Exoplanet is Falling onto a Star https://www.universetoday.com/159312/...

10:26 Support us on Patreon

11:17 JWST Sees Star Formation https://www.universetoday.com/159282/...

13:23 New Engine for Future Moon Missions https://www.universetoday.com/159315/...

16:07 Detecting Warp Drives https://www.universetoday.com/159218/...

18:34 Outro

Host: Fraser Cain

Producer: Anton Pozdnyakov

Editing: Artem Pozdnyako

Beyond the Observable Universe [4K]

Our view of the cosmos is limited to the observable universe- the slice of space containing all the galaxies that can be seen from Earth. But what we perceive to be the edge of our universe is not the actual edge of the universe- with most scientists in agreement that more space lies hidden beyond what we're able to see. Last time out, we travelled to the very edge of our observable universe. But today, we will be going even farther, as we wade out into the darkness of the unobservable universe.

Watch Part 1 (Journey to the Edge of the Universe):

https://youtu.be/QhM5zAVvOI4

RELATED

8 Fascinating Discoveries of the James Webb Telescope

ColdFusion is an Australian based online media company independently run by Dagogo Altraide since 2009. Topics cover anything in science, technology, history and business in a calm and relaxed environment.

Is This a New Source of Limitless Energy

Chinese scientists recently discovered an unusual crystal on the Moon. They found out that this crystal contains an element that can literally replace nuclear fuel. These crystals were formed as a result of volcanic activity, just like some garnets on the Earth. And yep, the place where they discovered these crystals also suffered from volcanoes... 1.2 billion years ago. Are they dangerous for us down on Earth, or could we make good use of them?
Animation is created by Bright Side.

The planet similar to ours has a secret

Scientists have long been looking for signs of life outside our planet Earth. A ‘weird’ planet recently discovered has given astronomers new hopes these plans could become a reality. The planet is a temperate sub-Neptune sized body, 8 times closer to its star than the Earth is to the Sun. But its temperature is similar to our home planet because the red dwarf it's orbiting is less potent.

Some other fascinating space objects are Super-Earths. If some planet weighs from 2 to 10 Earth masses, is 2 times bigger, and gets energy from a star, it's called Super-Earth. Such planets can consist of gas, rocks, water, ice, fire, acid, glass, or diamonds. Scientists haven't yet found a Super-Earth with ideal conditions for humans... Why so?
Animation is created by Bright Side.

The Secret Mission Into The Great Pyramid?

Evil Alien Civilizations Lurking In The Milky Way Galaxy Are Monitoring Earth!

Evil Alien Civilizations Lurking In The Milky Way Galaxy Could Attack Earth!
We now know that there are thousands of planets outside of our solar system, and trillions in our galaxy itself. Scien-tists estimate that there may be tens of billions of solar systems in our galaxy, perhaps even as many as 100 billion. Makes one wonder if there are advanced alien civilizations out there who also believe that they are the centre of the universe? And if yes, are they watching us?

Just Happened! A New Discovery on Mars could endanger (or help) Musk's SpaceX plans...

Just Happened! A New Discovery on Mars could endanger (or help) Musk's SpaceX plans...

Huge thanks to: TijnM: https://www.youtube.com/@tijnm4098

Elon Musk and SpaceX are slowly but surely getting to establish a new civilization of mankind on Mars. Although things appear to be going smoothly, a recent discovery on Mars by Nasa is set to change everything.

For many decades, planetary scientists and the entire scientific community had concluded that Mars was a dead planet. The last volcanic eruptions there took place billions of years ago and the vast majority of experts believed that since then, the bowels of the planet have been practically motionless.

However, a groundbreaking study published recently has completely altered this view.
The paper analyzes data from several orbital probes and also dozens of marsquakes captured by Insight, the NASA spacecraft perched near the equator of the Red Planet, which was the first satellite to record seismic movements on Mars.

The conclusions of the study are conclusive: the subsoil of Elysium Planitia, one of the largest Martian plains, contains an area displaying volcanic activity spanning a diameter of about 4,000 kilometers, an area similar to the size of Western Europe. The study notes that Mars has now become the third planet in the interior of the Solar System with known active volcanism, together with Earth and Venus.

The work was carried out by Adrien Broquet and Jeff Andrews-Hanna, scientists at the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory of the University of Arizona. Both analyzed different sets of data recorded by probes that spent decades analyzing the Red Planet, such as NASA’s Mars Global Surveyor and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.

Together with other missions, these analyses have made it possible to compose detailed topographic maps, as well as to study changes in the gravitational pull exerted by the planet, which depends on the composition of both the surface and the core layers. Adding Insight’s recent findings, both researchers conclude that the most plausible explanation for the seismic activity is the existence of a huge mantle plume in this part of Mars - a large rock conduit connecting the planet’s lower mantle with its outer crust.

The plume is 100º to 300º degrees Celsius (212º to 572º degrees Fahrenheit) hotter than the rest of the planet, so despite being in a solid state, it flows slowly upward. The head of this plume is thought to be between 25 and 200 kilometers deep. Were it to reach a distance of about 10 kilometers from the surface, the plume could heat the crust to a melting point, causing a lava eruption. According to the authors of the study, published in Nature Astronomy, the high seismic activity captured by Insight indicates that this area “is active” and that there may already be lava deposits in the subsurface.
Just Happened! A New Discovery on Mars could endanger (or help) Musk's SpaceX plans...

Brian Cox - Solving The Fermi Paradox: Intelligent Alien Life in Our Galaxy

Brian Cox explains the details behind the Fermi Paradox and why we haven't yet found intelligent alien life.

The more interesting kind of life we hope to discover that would change our worldview for ever is multi-cellular life such as plants or animals.

Obviously the most exciting type on the hierarchy of alien life is intelligence. It is estimated that with our current pace of technological growth a civilization can colonize our whole galaxy within 10 million years. And if that is the case...Where is everybody?

25-12-2022 om 18:45 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Two 'alien' minerals never before seen on Earth are discovered in a 14-ton meteorite that crashed in Somalia two years ago

The minerals were identified in the ninth-largest meteorite found on Earth
The two minerals were discovered in a single two-ounce slice of the space rock
They are named elaliite and elkinstantonite, but no other details have been released
Researchers are optimistic that more new minerals could be uncovered if they take more samples from the meteorite

By STACY LIBERATORE FOR DAILYMAIL.COM

At least two new minerals never seen on Earth have been identified within a 14-ton meteorite found in Somalia two years ago.

The minerals were found in a single two-ounce slice of the space rock, which was sent to the University of Alberta, believed to have discovered a potential third new mineral.

The two newly discovered minerals have been named elaliite and elkinstantonite, but no other details have been released.

The meteorite, dubbed 'El Ali,' is classified as an 'Iron, IAB complex,' which is one of over 350 in that particular category - but it is the ninth largest meteorite ever found.

Two new minerals never seen on Earth were identified in a single two-ounce slice of meteorite

The meteorite was named in honor of the town where it was found, which is the name also given to the first mineral.

The second was named after Lindy Elkins-Tanton, director manager of Arizona State University's Interplanetary Initiative and principal investigator of NASA's upcoming Psyche mission.

Elkins-Tanton plans to send a probe to probe the mineral-rich asteroid for evidence of how our solar system's planets formed.

Chris Herd, a professor in the Department of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences and curator of the University of Alberta's Meteorite Collection, said in a statement: 'Whenever you find a new mineral, it means that the actual geological conditions, the chemistry of the rock, was different than what's been found before.

'That's what makes this exciting: In this particular meteorite, you have two officially described minerals that are new to science.'

Herd is also optimistic that more new minerals could be uncovered if researchers take more samples from the meteorite.

The 14-ton meteorite (pictured) crashed into Semolina in 2020. It is the ninth largest ever found on Earth

The meteorite landed outside the town and was first discovered by camel herders who alerted experts.

The space rock is about twice as dense as a regular Earth rock and is so magnetic - nothing like this has been observed on our planet.

As Herd was analyzing the meteorite to classify it, he saw something that caught his attention.

He contacted Andrew Locock, head of the U of A's Electron Microprobe Laboratory, who has been involved in other new mineral descriptions, including Heamanite-(Ce).

'The very first day he did some analyses, he said, 'You've got at least two new minerals in there,' says Herd. 'That was phenomenal.

'Most of the time it takes a lot more work than that to say there's a new mineral.'

Locock's rapid identification was possible because the two minerals had been synthetically created before by French researchers in the 1980s.

Herd notes that 'it does not get to be called a mineral until it is found in nature.'

Researchers are optimistic that more new minerals could be uncovered if they take more samples from the meteorite

Researchers continue to examine the minerals to determine what they can tell us about the conditions in the meteorite when it formed.

'That's my expertise — how you tease out the geologic processes and the geologic history of the asteroid this rock was once part of,' said Herd.

'I never thought I'd be involved in describing brand new minerals just by virtue of working on a meteorite.'

While the future of the meteorite remains uncertain, Herd said the researchers have received news that it appears to have been moved to China in search of a potential buyer.

It remains to be seen whether additional samples will be available for scientific purposes.

25-12-2022 om 00:10 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

24-12-2022

Marsrobot laat eerste bodemstaaltje achter op rode planeet en dat lijkt verdacht veel op lichtzwaard uit ‘Star Wars’-films

© ANP / EPA

Marsrobot laat eerste bodemstaaltje achter op rode planeet en dat lijkt verdacht veel op lichtzwaard uit ‘Star Wars’-films

Perseverance, de Marsrobot van het Amerikaanse ruimtevaartagentschap NASA, heeft zijn allereerste staaltje achtergelaten op de oppervlakte van de rode planeet. Een belangrijk moment voor de Marsmissie van NASA, maar zeker zo opvallend is het uiterlijk van het staaltje. Het lijkt immers net een lichtzwaard uit de ‘Star Wars’-films.

De bodemmonsters van Mars die de robot Perseverance sprokkelt, worden in titaniumbuisjes verzameld. De buisjes zijn slechts enkele centimeters groot en lijken opvallend veel op de lichtzwaarden uit de ‘Star Wars’-films.

“Ik schep niet graag op, maar dit is een behoorlijk memorabel moment”, zo staat te lezen op het Twitterprofiel van de Marsrobot. “Door dit staaltje op de grond te laten vallen, ben ik officieel begonnen met het opzij leggen van staaltjes die de Mars Sample Return (een tweede missie die de stalen terug naar de aarde moet brengen, red.) op een dag naar de aarde zou kunnen brengen.”

De Perseverance - Engels voor ‘doorzettingsvermogen’ - werd ontworpen om de Jezero-krater op Mars te onderzoeken. Hij moet er gedurende twaalf jaar bodemstalen verzamelen. Zodra zijn missie erop zit mag Perseverance op de rode planeet genieten van zijn oude dag. Hij zal immers nooit meer terugkeren naar onze planee

KIJK.

24-12-2022 om 23:45 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:HLN.be - Het Laatste Nieuws ( NL)

UFO Fleet Falls Over Boise, Idaho Dec 15, 2022, VIDEO, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Dec 15, 2022 2:10 PM
Location of sighting: Boise, Idaho, USA

Watch this amazing catch of five massive smoke trails falling from the sky. It looks like some SpaceX debris, but I don't think such a thing would happen, unless it was over the ocean, since Elon Musk is a stickler about important details. These UFOs are clear and obviously trying to get noticed, meaning, disclosure is nearing.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

Eyewitness states:

The five craft were flying in formation over Boise, Idaho on December 15, 2022 at 14:10 hours. The five craft were surrounded by vapor and left visible vapor trails. There is a possibility that the UFOs are airplanes since there are three nearby airports, Boise Airport, Air National Guard, and Mountain Home Air Force Base.

24-12-2022 om 23:15 geschreven door peter

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The Chilling Encounter of Kathy Davis: A UFO Case That Will Leave You Spellbound

alien-abduction

In 1988, a woman named Kathy Davis from suburban Indianapolis claimed to have had a close encounter with a UFO. The incident occurred in July 1983, when Davis was investigating strange lights in her parents’ backyard. During the encounter, she felt hot and experienced physical symptoms, including hair loss and disturbing dreams. The next morning, there were burn marks on the grass in the shape of a circle, and soil samples indicated that the earth had been baked at high temperatures.

Under hypnosis, Davis remembered being pulled down and experiencing a sharp pain in her ear, as well as hearing a voice say “I’m sorry I hurt you.” She also saw a large, dark form and heard her name being called. It is believed that this encounter was with the occupants of a UFO that had landed in her parents’ yard that night.

In addition to this encounter, Davis also reported having other strange experiences, including encounters with strange beings in her bedroom who seemed to know her and had a small black box with a red light or hole. She drew a sketch of these beings, which was later found to be similar to drawings made by other people who had reported similar experiences.

The case of Kathy Davis is just one of many similar UFO encounters that have been reported around the world. While some people believe that these encounters are genuine encounters with extraterrestrial beings, others believe that there may be other explanations for these experiences, such as hallucinations or psychological issues. Regardless of the explanation, the case of Kathy Davis remains one of the most well-documented and intriguing UFO cases in history.

24-12-2022 om 22:51 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Mysterious UFO Spotted Flying Over Pasto, Colombia: Was it an Advanced Aircraft or Something More?

On the evening of June 9th, 2020, a UFO was spotted flying over the city of Pasto, Colombia. According to the witness, the object was flying near the covered coliseum in the south of the city and emitted a constant white light. At first, the witness thought it might be a drone, but the movement and lack of flashing lights ruled that possibility out.

The UFO was visible for at least five minutes, moving in and out of clouds. It made no sound and it was not possible to determine the material of its surface. All that could be observed was the constant white light.

Video footage of the sighting can be seen below. Some have speculated that the UFO could be a highly advanced aircraft, while others believe it could be of extraterrestrial origin. Regardless of its origins, this sighting has left many people in the area wondering what they just saw. The video was just submitted to MUFON today!

24-12-2022 om 22:33 geschreven door peter

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UFO Landing Sites: Evidence of High Energy Radiation and Physical Effects

ufo-landing

In December 1987, Ed Walters of Gulf Breeze, Florida reported a UFO sighting and subsequent investigation revealed that the craft had left physical evidence in the form of altered grass and soil in the area where it had been hovering. The grass had turned white and the soil had undergone some sort of energy exposure, leading to difficulty in getting plants to grow in the area for two years.

Dr. Edward Zeller and Ted Phillips examined soil samples taken from five recent UFO landing sites in 1970s and found that they showed luminescence properties and radiation effects, suggesting they had been subjected to high energy radiation. The soil from the landing sites was also extremely dehydrated and unable to absorb water. Witnesses of UFO sightings have also reported experiencing sunburn-like effects and extreme dryness in the nasal and throat areas. Overall, the investigation and reported experiences suggest that there may be a real phenomenon occurring with regards to UFO sightings and the physical evidence left behind.

In the third part, Russian biologist professor Samyakov talks about UFO landing near Moscow in the 90s.

24-12-2022 om 22:25 geschreven door peter

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LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS * 24/12/2022

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS * 24/12/2022

SpaceX Starship Update, Record Booster Landing, Soyuz Leak, Vega C Failed and Much More

Well, I wouldn’t say this week has been quite as crazy as the last, but I tell you, it has certainly been an interesting one. Lots of great detail to share on SpaceX Starship Update development, a Record Booster Landing with Falcon 9, disaster for the Vega C launch, and numerous issues at the International Space Station. What is the plan for the Soyuz up here since it was hit with assumed space debris. Similar debris perhaps that delayed the Spacewalk until late this week. Well, we’ve got all that today and much more.

The Bizarre Messages Voyager 1 Sent from Beyond the Edge of the Solar System

What caused Voyager I to send this weird message?

JWST confirms MOST DISTANT galaxy! Plus nuclear fusion ignition & Artemis splashdown | NSN Dec ’22

In this month's Night Sky News we chat about how to spot all the solar system planets in the betwixtmas period, the splashdown of Orion of the Artemis 1 mission, the breakthrough in nuclear fusion at the Livermore Laboratory, and a new record holder for the most distant galaxy known confirmed by JWST!

2022 in space photos | About That

Andrew Chang takes a look back at some of the coolest space photos of the year with astronomer Phil Plait.

Chinese space station beams down amazing views of Earth

Several cameras aboard the Chinese space station have captured new views of Earth. China recently completed the T-shaped Tiangong space station by moving the Mengtian module: https://www.space.com/china-completes...

Credit: China Central Television | mash mix: Space.com

RELATED

Life beyond: Mysterious traces of Extraterrestrial life on the Moons of Saturn | Space DOCUMENTARY

https://youtu.be/uchHaka-ONU

Surrounded by beautiful, bright rings, the planet Saturn is sometimes called the "pearl of the solar system".
Classified as a gas giant, Saturn is the sixth farthest planet from the Sun and the second largest planet in the solar system after Jupiter.
It is known that Saturn comes from the name of the Roman god Saturn, an analogue of the god Kronos of Greek mythology, who commanded the powerful titans. It is because of its gigantic size and unusual appearance that the gas giant gets its name.
It is the farthest planet from Earth visible to the naked eye, but the most remarkable feature of the planet is its famous ring system!
Although the other gas giants of the solar system, Jupiter, Uranus and Neptune, also have rings, Saturn's rings are particularly prominent, earning it the nickname "the ringed planet".
Saturn is the last of the planets that ancient civilizations discovered on their own. Moreover, it is today the least explored planet.
However, at present, the data of scientists on Saturn are constantly being reconstructed, and this is due to the Cassini planetary mission. This spacecraft has continuously monitored not only the gas giant itself, its ring system, but also the satellites of the planet.
Due to the gaseous nature and high pressure on the surface, life on Saturn is almost impossible, and even more so, the establishment of a human space colony.
Nevertheless, scientists do not exclude that on some of Saturn's moons, in addition to the proven existence of liquid on their surfaces, the existence of simple organisms is possible!
In this context, scientists suggest that the conditions on Titan, Saturn's largest moon, are similar to those that existed on our planet 4 billion years ago, when life had just emerged on Earth!

75 Miles Wide Massive Unidentified Object Coming from Outside The Solar System

75 Miles Wide Massive Unidentified Object Coming from Outside The Solar System. Recently, while astronomers were sifting through data from the Dark Energy Survey, they came across something shocking and completely unexpected. They spotted a massive, 75 miles wide strange object approaching the outer regions of our solar system. The discovery soon caused ripples of excitement and curiosity within the planetary science community because the object is of an unusually large size and of an abnormal origin.

#space #alien #oumuamua

James Webb Telescope’s MASSIVE Discovery of Strange Night Lights on Proxima B!

James Webb Telescope’s MASSIVE Discovery of Strange Night Lights on Proxima B! NASA is going to use the Near Infrared Instrument on Webb, to look for tell-tale signs of LED light-waves in the light from the Proxima B planet, by detecting artificial light if it exists. In 2019, radio signals were detected coming from the direction of Proxima b, for five minutes. Since then, it has never been detected.

#proxima #jameswebbtelescope #nasa

RELATED

24-12-2022 om 17:43 geschreven door peter

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Anti-Helium Generated in the Large Hadron Collider can Help in the Search for Dark Matter

The ALICE detector on CERN's Large Hadron Collider.

Credit: A Saba/CERN

Anti-Helium Generated in the Large Hadron Collider can Help in the Search for Dark Matter

For decades, astrophysicists have theorized that the majority of matter in our Universe is made up of a mysterious invisible mass known as “Dark Matter” (DM). While scientists have not yet found any direct evidence of this invisible mass or confirmed what it looks like, there are several possible ways we could search for it soon. One theory is that Dark Matter particles could collide and annihilate each other to produce cosmic rays that proliferate throughout our galaxy – similar to how cosmic ray collisions with the interstellar medium (ISM) do.

This theory could be tested soon, thanks to research conducted using the A Large Ion Collider Experiment (ALICE), one of several detector experiments at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC). ALICE is optimized to study the results from collisions between nuclei that travel very close to the speed of light (ultra-relativistic velocities). According to new research by the ALICE Collaboration, dedicated instruments could detect anti-helium-3 nuclei (the anti-matter counterpart to He₃) as they reach Earth’s atmosphere, thus providing evidence for DM.

The theory of Dark Matter emerged in the 1960s when astronomers were conducting observational tests of General Relativity (GR) using distant galaxies and galaxy clusters. A key prediction of GR is that the curvature of spacetime is altered in the presence of gravitational fields caused by massive objects. This can be observed with gravitational lenses, a phenomenon where light from a distant source is warped and amplified (leading to Einstein’s Rings, Crosses, and Arcs). However, when observing large structures in the Universe, astronomers noted that the curvature they observed was far greater than expected.

This suggested two possibilities: either Einstein was wrong (despite all the tests that have proven it to be correct), or there must be mass in the Universe that we cannot see. The challenge for astrophysicists and cosmologists ever since has been finding direct evidence of this elusive Dark Matter. As they indicated in their study, which recently appeared in the journal Nature Physics, antinuclei produced by DM annihilations could be detected (depending on the nature of DM itself). In this case, the ALICE Collaboration used the leading theoretical profile known as Weakly-Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs).

Per the WIMPs theory, DM consists of particles that don’t emit or absorb light and only interact with other particles via the weak nuclear force. This same theory also states that interaction between these particles causes them to annihilate one another and produce anti-He₃ nuclei, composed of two antiprotons and one antineutron. These antinuclei would travel throughout our galaxy and could be measured as cosmic rays, high-energy particles that originate from beyond our Solar System and collide with our atmosphere (producing “showers” of elementary particles).

However, other types of cosmic rays (protons of helium nuclei) can also collide with the interstellar medium (ISM) to create anti-He₃ nuclei. Since this source of antinuclei is unrelated to DM, it would constitute the background for DM searches. As Laura Serksnyte – a researcher with the Technische Universitat of Munich and one of the experts on the study – told Universe Today via email:

“The expected number of low-energy antihelium-3 nuclei coming from dark matter annihilation is expected to be much larger than from the background contribution. Thus the detection of even a few low-energy antihelium-3 nuclei in cosmic rays would provide a smoking gun signal for the dark matter, meaning that the antihelium-3 is a very ‘clean’ probe for dark matter searches.”

However, this smoking gun could be difficult to track down, as anti-He₃ nuclei might also interact with gas in the ISM as they propagate throughout the Milky Way. This inelastic interaction would cause anti-He3 nuclei to disappear before they reached Earth’s atmosphere, where dedicated instruments could detect them. On Earth, the only way to produce and study antinuclei with high precision is to create them in high-energy particle accelerators. This, said Serksnyte, is where the LHC and the ALICE instrument came into play:

“Our experiment studied the inelastic interactions of antihelium-3 (produced in the collisions at the LHC) with matter, where ALICE detector itself is used as a target. Our work thus provided the first ever measurement of inelastic antihelium-3 cross-section, which constrains how probable it is for the antihelium-3 to disappear if it collides with matter.”

After measuring the anti-He3 produced in the LHC, the team then applied their measurements to see how these antinuclei would interact with the gas in the ISM – either as a result of DM annihilation or from ordinary cosmic ray collisions with ISM gas. By calculating the level of antinuclei that disappear while traveling from their point of origin to detectors in Earth’s atmosphere, they were able to estimate the fraction that would be detectable to our instruments. The results, said Serksnyte, were quite encouraging:

“Our results show that the transparency of our galaxy to the passage of antihelium-3 cosmic rays is high, and thus such antinuclei could indeed reach Earth and be measured by dedicated experiments. Thus confirming that antihelium-3 is a promising candidate for Dark Matter searches. Our measurement of the disappearance probability of the antihelium-3 nuclei interacting with matter will also be used by the scientists to understand the antihelium-3 cosmic ray fluxes once they are measured and to put constraints on the Dark Matter models.”

abell 611 and its galaxies and dark matter

Hubble Space Telescope offers a cosmic cobweb of galaxies and Dark Matter in the cluster Abell 611.

Credit: ESA/Hubble, NASA, P. Kelly, M. Postman, J. Richard, S. Allen

By placing tighter constraints on what scientists could be looking for, future surveys will help resolve one of the most pressing mysteries in astrophysics today. The detection of Dark Matter would not only confirm where 85% of the matter in the Universe is hiding. It would also validate a key part of the most widely-accepted theory of cosmology – the Lambda-Cold Dark Matter (LCDM) model – and confirm that General Relativity (a staple of modern physics) is correct. While that won’t be the end of the cosmological mysteries, it will lead to a greater understanding of everything.

Further Reading:

Nature

24-12-2022 om 01:35 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

A 2,000-Year-Old Vast and Wealthy Lost Maya Kingdom Discovered in Guatemala with LiDAR

It sometimes seems you can’t throw a stone in Central America without hitting a spot where there was once a Maya city, Maya temple or other hidden evidence of this civilization that once numbered in the millions and was noted for its architecture, highly developed writing system, art, mathematics, calendar and other amazing and advanced characteristics which were lost when their lands were invaded by the Europeans and their history was rewritten by them. While excavation and jungle clearing for development has revealed some of its lost past, much of the Maya culture is hidden under soil or thick vegetation.

Archaeologists Discover Huge Lost Civilization in Guatemala

2,000-year-old Mayan civilization discovered in the north of Guatemala

LiDAR image showing triadic structures in the civic center of El Mirador.

Richard D. Hansen et al.

That is why the new discovery in Guatemala is so significant – a geographically vast network of hundreds of long-lost settlements from 2,000 years ago has been found in the northern part of that country using LiDAR - "laser imaging, detection, and ranging" beamed from airplanes to create 3D images of hidden structures. This discover “challenges the old notion of sparse early human occupation” as it is comprised of roads, canals, a pyramid and dozens of ballcourts indicating this was a wealthy culture with leisure time for sports. What else is in this ancient Maya lost-and-found box called Guatemala?

The forests of Central America can hide a lot.

“LiDAR coverage of a large contiguous area within the Mirador-Calakmul Karst Basin (MCKB) of northern Guatemala has identified a concentration of Preclassic Maya sites (ca. 1000 B.C.–A.D. 150) connected by causeways, forming a web of implied social, political, and economic interactions.”

In a new study published recently in the journal Cambridge Core. Richard Hansen, an archaeologist at Idaho State University and the project director, introduces the Mirador Basin Project - one of the largest, contiguous, regional LiDAR studies ever done on the Maya Lowlands region of central America that includes parts of Guatemala, Mexico, and Belize. Hansen and his team spent years flying airborne LiDAR devices over the Mirador-Calakmul Karst Basin at altitudes of about 2,000 feet. The MCKB area is predominantly low-lying swamps, known as bajos, fed by rainfall on the surrounding hills. Infrared satellite images of the swampland taken in 1992 hinted that the bajo vegetation and the tropical forests on the hills were hiding something – but those same jungles and swamps made it nearly impossible for archeologists to get there, let alone do a proper job of excavating and searching for signs of Maya settlements. LiDAR has become a proven and valuable technique for penetrating this thick covers without damaging them and revealing detailed three-dimensional images of what lies underneath. And what lies underneath in the Mirador-Calakmul Karst Basin is much more than Hansen and his colleagues expected to find.

“The LiDAR survey revealed an extraordinary density and distribution of Maya sites concentrated in the MCKB, many of them linked directly or indirectly by a vast causeway network. Using hillshade models derived from a LiDAR DEM, at present 775 ancient Maya settlements (defined as an architectural cluster) have been identified within the southern lowland MCKB, of which 581 are unnamed. An additional 189 ancient Maya settlements of varying sizes were identified within the geomorphological borders of the southern MCKB, including the upland karst landscape along the Mirador Anticline, for a total of 964 settlements (of all periods), of which 645 are unnamed as yet.”

For starters, the LiDAR showed a network of 964 settlements in the basin, dating from around 1000 BCE to 150 CE – the Middle and Late Pre-Classic periods of the Maya civilization. The settlements or small villages were far from isolated from each other – the LiDAR shows them to be connected by causeways, dams, dikes, canals, common reservoirs, and common bajo areas in and around the center of the settlements as well as on their borders. The LiDAR scans showed that some settlements were so close and so well-connected to each other, as well as defined by swamp boundaries, they could be considered to be mega-settlements – cities, towns and larger villages numbering around 417. Besides the canals, the archeologists also identified 110 miles of raised roads which illustrated what a vast operation this was.

“(The) elevated Preclassic causeways suggest labor investments that defy organizational capabilities of lesser polities and potentially portray the strategies of governance in the Preclassic period. Settlement distributions, architectural continuities, chronological contemporaneity, and volumetric considerations of sites provide evidence for early centralized administrative and socio-economic strategies within a defined geographical region.”

But wait … there’s more!

The sites in the MCKB have a combined total of at least 30 ballcourts scattered throughout the settlements. The one excavated at Tintal is one of the larger ballcourts in the MCKB. The ballcourts in the MCKB consist of two parallel structures, often in a north–south axis, and measure between 30 and 60 feet long. The site of El Mirador has four small ballcourts and three larger ones in its Great Central Acropolis. IN addition to the numerous ballcourts, the LiDAR scan found a royal throne, specialized ceremonial sunken plazas, elaborate cosmological iconography, reservoirs and hydraulic systems, and massive platforms and constructions. All of this points to the Great Central Acropolis being the seat of power of the rulers in this area.

What else is hidden in the Guatemalan swamps and jungles?

Finally, the LiDAR revealed many more details of the pyramid of Danta in El Mirador. La Danta had three continuous elevated platforms and the archeologists estimated the surface was covered with 205,508 limestone blocks measuring an average size of 1.30 × 0.45 × 0.40 m (4.25 x 1.5 x 1.3 feet) – a mass that they estimate would have required 158 workers working continuously for five years just to quarry. Then, depending on the bedrock below the pyramid, it would have required 6 million to 10 million person-days of labor to build. That would need a high level of organization and management to accomplish – yet another trait of the Maya culture that has been lost in the retelling of its history. As the study concludes:

“The skeleton of the ancient political and economic structure as a kingdom-state in the Middle and Late Preclassic periods has a tantalizing presence in the Mirador-Calakmul Karst Basin.”

Ancient Mayan drawings carved on the stone wall.

Ancient Mayan drawings carved on the stone wall.

A map of the sites

Pictured: a map of the sites in the Mirador–Calakmul Karst Basin (Image: Hansen et al. / Ancient Mesoamerica)

The pyramidal complex at La Danta

A 3D LiDAR view showing of the pyramidal complex at La Danta

(Image: Hansen et al. / Ancient Mesoamerica)

A map of the architectural elements

LiDAR revealed hundreds of settlements — some sporting pyramids, platforms and ball courts

(Image: Hansen et al. / Ancient Mesoamerica)

Some of the causeways between the sites

Pictured: Examples of some of the causeways linking the sites

(Image: Hansen et al. / Ancient Mesoamerica)

The Maya are so much more than a calendar and some ballcourts. Let’s hope these LiDAR studies are allowed to continue and result in the preservation of their ancient structures and their history.

24-12-2022 om 01:14 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ARCHEOLOGIE ( E, Nl, Fr )

Twee nieuwe mineralen gevonden in meteoriet die neerstortte in Afrika

In de El Ali meteoriet zitten twee mineralen die nieuw zijn voor de wetenschap.

© University of Alberta

Twee nieuwe mineralen gevonden in meteoriet die neerstortte in Afrika

In de El Ali meteoriet van meer dan 15 ton hebben wetenschappers twee mineralen gevonden die voordien nog nooit eerder op aarde gezien werden. De nieuwe mineralen werden gevonden in een schijfje van de meteoriet dat ongeveer 70 gram woog, en in 2020 in Somalië terecht was gekomen.

Bron: CNN

De Universiteit van Alberta, Canada, ontving monsters van de El Ali meteoriet om die te kunnen classificeren. Chris Herd, curator van de meteorietencollectie van de universiteit merkte tijdens zijn onderzoek iets merkwaardig op. Enkele stukken van de ruimtesteen waren niet identificeerbaar met een microscoop.

Met hulp van Andrew Locok, het hoofd van het electron microprobe laboratorium van de universiteit, begon hij aan de beschrijving van de nieuwe mineralen. “Wanneer je een nieuw mineraal vindt, betekent dit dat de feitelijke geologische omstandigheden, de chemie van het gesteente, anders was dan wat eerder is gevonden”, zei Herd. “Dat maakt het spannend. In deze specifieke meteoriet zitten twee officieel beschreven mineralen die nieuw zijn voor de wetenschap.”

De snelle identificatie was mogelijk omdat soortgelijke mineralen al eerder synthetisch waren gemaakt, en Locock kon de samenstelling van de nieuw ontdekte mineralen matchen met hun door mensen gemaakte tegenhangers, aldus een bericht van de Universiteit van Alberta.

Elaliiet en elkinstantoniet

De wetenschappers hebben ook meteen namen gegeven aan hun ontdekkingen. De eerste nieuwe mineraal, ‘elaliiet’, kreeg uiteindelijk een naam geïnspireerd op de naam van de meteoriet zelf. De tweede werd vernoemd naar Lindy Elkins-Tanton, onder andere hoofdonderzoeker van NASA’s komende Psyche-missie, en kreeg de naam ‘elkinstantoniet’.

“Lindy heeft veel werk verricht aan de vorming van de kernen van planeten, hoe deze ijzernikkelkernen zich vormen, en de dichtstbijzijnde analogie die wij hebben zijn ijzermeteorieten”, vertelt Herd. “Het was logisch om een mineraal naar haar te noemen en haar bijdragen aan de wetenschap te erkennen.”

Afgelopen november werden de nieuwe mineralen officieel goedgekeurd door de International Mineralogical Association. Dat “geeft aan dat het werk robuust is”, klinkt het bij Olivier Tschauner, mineraloog en onderzoeksprofessor van de afdeling geowetenschappen van de Universiteit van Nevada, in de Amerikaanse staat Las Vegas.

Boeiende gevolgen voor de toekomst

Allebei de nieuwe mineralen zijn fosfaten van ijzer, aldus Tschauner. Een fosfaat is een zuurrest van een fosforzuur. “Fosfaten in ijzermeteorieten zijn secundaire producten: Ze worden gevormd door oxidatie van fosfiden ... die zeldzame primaire componenten van ijzermeteorieten zijn”, legt Tschauner uit. “De twee nieuwe fosfaten vertellen ons dus over oxidatieprocessen die in het meteorietmateriaal hebben plaatsgevonden. Het valt nog te bezien of de oxidatie plaatsvond in de ruimte of op aarde, na de val, maar voor zover ik weet zijn veel van deze meteorietfosfaten in de ruimte gevormd. In beide gevallen is water waarschijnlijk het reagens dat de oxidatie veroorzaakte.”

Nieuw ontdekte mineralen kunnen boeiende gevolgen hebben voor onze toekomst, voegt Herd nog toe. “Wanneer er een nieuw materiaal bekend is, zijn materiaalwetenschappers ook geïnteresseerd vanwege de mogelijke toepassingen in een breed scala van dingen in de samenleving.”

Lees ook.

Marsrobot laat eerste bodemstaaltje achter op rode planeet en dat lijkt verdacht veel op lichtzwaard uit ‘Star Wars’-films

Gentse start-up maakt eerste kaas zonder levende koe

KIJK OOK.

Hoe ontstaan meteorieten? En hoeveel zijn ze waard?

24-12-2022 om 00:00 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:HLN.be - Het Laatste Nieuws ( NL)

23-12-2022

Mars InSight Dies While Perseverance Rover Drops Trash Containers to be Picked Up by Future Collectors

Paul Seaburn

This week, a human-made lander on Mars did a very human thing – it died. At the same time, a human-created rover on Mars did another very human thing – it left trash receptacles on the ground for someone else to pick up … maybe space sanitation engineers? Are we preparing Mars for colonization by making it look more like Earth with cemeteries, trash collections and landfills?

“I feel sad, but I also feel pretty good. We’ve been expecting this to come to an end for some time. I think that it’s been a great run.”

Bruce Banerdt, the mission’s principal investigator at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, eulogized the Mars InSight spacecraft for The New York Times. The four-and-a-half years old (20 in human years?) lander spent its entire time on Mars in the Elysium Planitia near the planet’s equator in the northern hemisphere. The Interior Exploration Using Seismic Investigations lander used its time to take seismological measurements of marsquakes in an effort to get a better idea of the planet’s structure, composition and geological history. InSight was working right up until the end … in May, it measured its strongest marsquake ever - 4.7-magnitude. Unfortunately, the stress of living on Mars was too much for InSight – particularly dealing with the dust. (Check out its dust-covered photo above.) While allergies were not the problem, buildup on its solar panels was and InSight was declared battery-dead (space engineers refer to it as a “dead bus”) by NASA. InSight’s screen at mission control was surrounded by mission members and friends on its last day.

“I watched the launch and landing of this mission, and while saying goodbye to a spacecraft is always sad, the fascinating science InSight conducted is cause for celebration.”

Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate in Washington, made a moving statement at the wake. Since it is above ground, the lander will be its own grave marker in its Martian cemetery. Gather dust in peace, InSight.

Meanwhile, in the Jezero crater, another very human habit is occurring on Mars.

“A titanium tube containing a rock sample is resting on the Red Planet’s surface after being placed there on Dec. 21 by NASA’s Perseverance Mars rover. Over the next two months, the rover will deposit a total of 10 tubes at the location, called “Three Forks,” building humanity’s first sample depot on another planet. The depot marks a historic early step in the Mars Sample Return campaign.”

Perseverance and Ingenuity selfie

The Perseverance rover was sent to Mars to carry the small robotic helicopter Ingenuity and to travel about digging with its robotic arm into the Martian surface in places that look interesting to the mission managers back on Earth. The primary plan is for another rover/lander/spacecraft to one day land on Mars, find Perseverance, empty the contents of its sample storage compartment, blast off into a Martian orbit, where it will meet another spacecraft and hand it the samples … whereupon that spacecraft will leave Martian orbit and return them to Earth where they will become the first Martian soil samples to be studied by humans.

What could possibly go wrong?

If you’ve been paying attention … quite a bit. That is why the Mars Sample Return campaign has a backup plan in case Perseverance dies like InSight before it can complete its mission. So, in addition to the 17 samples in its interior storage container for handing off to the return mission spacecraft, Perseverance has 10 titanium tubes it has also been filling with soil samples. The rover then sealed the tubes (that robotic arm must have huge biceps by now) and placed them in a carrier. Perseverance is now looking for suitable locations to drop these tubes on the surface where they could be picked up by a pair of Sample Recovery Helicopters dispatched from the Mars Sample Return lander.

Does that sound an awful lot like a Martian version of Earth trash collection to you? What could possibly go wrong?

“Perseverance’s complex Sampling and Caching System took almost an hour to retrieve the metal tube from inside the rover’s belly, view it one last time with its internal CacheCam, and drop the sample roughly 3 feet (89 centimeters) onto a carefully selected patch of Martian surface.”

A video of what looks an awful lot like what your dog does on its walks can be seen here. On Earth, the pet owner would then reach down with a scooper and place the dropping in a plastic bag. On Mars, Perseverance also has more things to do with the help of its “owners” back in mission control at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California. Once they confirmed the tube had dropped, the team positioned the WATSON camera located at the end of Perseverance’s 7-foot-long (2-meter-long) robotic arm to peer beneath the rover and check to make sure the tube hadn’t rolled under a wheel or in the path of one. They also made sure that the titanium tube did not land on an end and get stuck standing in the soil. This would make it difficult for the Sample Recovery Helicopters to grab onto the flat end piece or “glove” for pickup. It the tube is standing vertical, Perseverance will use the turret at the end of its robotic arm to carefully knock it over.

A tube in the proper position for pickup.

When will the trash collecting mission be sent to Mars to pick up the cans filled by Perseverance? A reasonable guess is not until the 2030s, which is why these are really more like trash containers than those old-fashioned office pneumatic tubes or Amazon packages. Those get icked up right away. Martians will be looking at these containers left by Earthlings for at least a decade and wondering how else this messy species will garbage up their pristine planet.

Perseverance knows how this writer thinks its mission looks, but it doesn’t care because it doesn’t want to end up like InSight. It turns out the primary mission of Perseverance is scheduled to end January 6, 2023 – just about two years after it landed. Fortunately, NASA extended its mission so it can continue to drop tubes, search for more signs of ancient life and keep tabs on the Ingenuity helicopter, which has also exceeded its planned lifespan.

Could NASA be testing some kind of artificial intelligence on Perseverance and Ingenuity to see how they respond to seeing the death of one of their fellow spacecrafts? Is this making them work harder? Will this motivate future astronauts to do the same?

For now, it still looks like we’re turning Mars into a graveyard and a trash bin.

23-12-2022 om 23:54 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

The Kenneth Arnold "Flying Saucer" Incident is Famous: There Were, However, Better Cases in 1947

The Kenneth Arnold

The Kenneth Arnold "Flying Saucer" Incident is Famous: There Were, However, Better Cases in 1947

Nick Redfern

There’s absolutely no doubt that had pilot Kenneth Arnold not encountered a veritable squadron of strange-looking aircraft near Mt. Rainier, Washington State on the afternoon of June 24, 1947, there would never have been an opportunity for the Russians – and for the United States, too, as we’ll soon see – to exploit a very real phenomenon of mystifying origins and nature for psychological and military gain. But, as history has shown, Arnold most assuredly did have that now-legendary encounter. Whether Arnold encountered a number of extraterrestrial craft, advanced creations of the Soviet Union, or the then-latest developments of the U.S. military, remains unknown.

The theories are many. The hard answers are scant. Let’s take a look at what happened to Arnold on that particular day which changed the world. Arnold said: "The following story of what I observed over the Cascade Mountains, as impossible as it may seem, is positively true. I never asked nor wanted any notoriety for just accidentally being in the right spot at the right time to observe what I did. I reported something that I know any pilot would have reported. I don't think that in any way my observation was due to any sensitivity of eye sight or judgment than what is considered normal for any pilot.

On June 24th, Tuesday, 1947, I had finished my work for the Central Air Service at Chehalis, Washington, and at about two o'clock I took off from Chehalis, Washington, airport with the intention of going to Yakima, Wash. My trip was delayed for an hour to search for a large marine transport that supposedly went down near or around the southwest side of Mt. Rainier in the state of Washington and to date has never been found." Arnold had more to say. For a short period, Arnold pondered on the possibility that the craft were created by the Russians. He soon dropped the idea, though.

(Nick Redfern)

Flying Discs: Russian? Probably not.

In fact, things had only just begun: "I flew directly toward Mt. Rainier after reaching an altitude of about 9,500 feet, which is the approximate elevation of the high plateau from which Mt. Rainier rises. I had made one sweep of this high plateau to the westward, searching all of the various ridges for this marine ship and flew to the west down and near the ridge side of the canyon where Ashford, Washington, is located. Unable to see anything that looked like the lost ship, I made a 360 degree turn to the right and above the little city of Mineral, starting again toward Mt. Rainier. I climbed back up to an altitude of approximately 9,200 feet. The air was so smooth that day that it was a real pleasure flying and, as most pilots do when the air is smooth and they are flying at a higher altitude, I trimmed out my airplane in the direction of Yakima, Washington, which was almost directly east of my position and simply sat in my plane observing the sky and the terrain. There was a DC-4 to the left and to the rear of me approximately fifteen miles distance, and I should judge, at 14,000 foot elevation. The sky and air was clear as crystal. I hadn't flown more than two or three minutes on my course when a bright flash reflected on my airplane. It startled me as I thought I was too close to some other aircraft. I looked every place in the sky and couldn't find where the reflection had come from until I looked to the left and the north of Mt. Rainier where I observed a chain of nine peculiar looking aircraft flying from north to south at approximately 9,500 foot elevation and going, seemingly, in a definite direction of about 170 degrees."

There was more to come, in Arnold's own words: "They were approaching Mt. Rainier very rapidly, and I merely assumed they were jet planes. Anyhow, I discovered that this was where the reflection had come from, as two or three of them every few seconds would dip or change their course slightly, just enough for the sun to strike them at an angle that reflected brightly on my plane. These objects being quite far away, I was unable for a few seconds to make out their shape or their formation. Very shortly they approached Mt. Rainier, and I observed their outline against the snow quite plainly. I thought it was very peculiar that I couldn't find their tails but assumed they were some type of jet plane. I was determined to clock their speed, as I had two definite points I could clock them by; the air was so clear that it was very easy to see objects and determine their approximate shape and size at almost fifty miles that day. I remember distinctly that my sweep second hand on my eight day clock, which is located on my instrument panel, read one minute to 3 P.M. as the first object of this formation passed the southern edge of Mt. Rainier. I watched these objects with great interest as I had never before observed airplanes flying so close to the mountain tops, flying directly south to southeast down the hog's back of a mountain range. I would estimate their elevation could have varied a thousand feet one way or another up or down, but they were pretty much on the horizon to me which would indicate they were near the same elevation as I was."

(Nick Redfern)

The Roswell affair, also of 1947, was right behind.

The sighting grew for Arnold: "They flew like many times I have observed geese to fly in a rather diagonal chain-like line as if they were linked together. They seemed to hold a definite direction but rather swerved in and out of the high mountain peaks. Their speed at the time did not impress me particularly, because I knew that our army and air forces had planes that went very fast. What kept bothering me as I watched them flip and flash in the sun right along their path was the fact that I couldn't make out any tail on them, and I am sure that any pilot would justify more than a second look at such a plane. I observed them quite plainly, and I estimate my distance from them, which was almost at right angles, to be between twenty to twenty-five miles. I knew they must be very large to observe their shape at that distance, even on as clear a day as it was that Tuesday, In fact I compared a zeus [sic: it should be “Dzus”] fastener or cowling tool I had in my pocket with them - holding it up on them and holding it up on the DC-4 - that I could observe at quite a distance to my left, and they seemed smaller than the DC-4; but, I should judge their span would have been as wide as the furtherest [sic] engines on each side of the fuselage of the DC-4.

"The more I observed these objects the more upset I became, as I am accustomed and familiar with most all objects flying whether I am close to the ground or at higher altitudes. I observed the chain of these objects passing another high snow-covered ridge in between Mt. Rainier and Mt. Adams and as, the first one was passing the south crest of this ridge the last object was entering the northern crest of the ridge. As I was flying in the direction of this particular ridge, I measured it and found it to be approximately five miles so I could safely assume that the chain of these saucer like objects were at least five miles long. I could quite accurately determine their pathway due to the fact that there were several high peaks that were a little this side of them as well as higher peaks on the other side of their pathway."

Arnold wasn't going to stop telling all the people who were fascinated by his amazing sighting: "As the last unit of this formation passed the southern-most high snow-covered crest of Mt. Adams, I looked at my sweep second hand and it showed that they had travelled the distance in one minute and forty-two seconds. Even at the time this timing did not upset me as I felt confident after I would land there would be some explanation of what I saw. A number of news men and experts suggested that I might have been seeing reflections or even a mirage. This I know to be absolutely false, as I observed these objects not only through the glass of my airplane but turned my airplane sideways where I could open my window and observe them with a completely unobstructed view. (Without sun glasses.) Even though two minutes seems like a very short time to one on the ground, in the air in two minutes time a pilot can observe a great many things and anything within his sight of vision probably as many as fifty or sixty times."

Things were not done yet: "I continued my search for the marine plane for another fifteen or twenty minutes and while searching for this marine plane, what I had just observed kept going through my mind. I became more disturbed, so after taking a last look at Tieton Reservoir I headed for Yakima. I might add that my complete observation of these objects, which I could even follow by their flashes as they passed Mt. Adams, was around two and one-half or three minutes -- although, by the time they reached Mt. Adams they were out of my range of vision as far as determining shape or form. Of course, when the sun reflected from one or two or three of these units, they appeared to be completely round; but, I am making a drawing to the best of my ability, which I am including, as to the shape I observed these objects to be as they passed the snow covered ridges as well as Mt. Rainier. When these objects were flying approximately straight and level, they were just a black thin line and when they flipped was the only time I could get a judgment as to their size. These objects were holding an almost constant elevation; they did not seem to be going up or coming down, such as would be the case of rockets or artillery shells. I am convinced in my own mind that they were some type of airplane, even though they didn't conform with the many aspects of the conventional type of planes that I know."

Arnold quickly realized that something amazing was going on: "Although these objects have been reported by many other observers throughout the United States, there have been six or seven other accounts written by some of these observers that I can truthfully say must have observed the same thing that I did; particularly, the descriptions of the three Western [Cedar City, Utah] Air Lines employees, the gentleman [pilot] from Oklahoma City and the locomotive engineer from Illinois, plus Capt. Smith and Co-Pilot Stevens of United Air Lines. Some descriptions could not be very accurate taken from the ground unless these saucer-like disks were at a great height and there is a possibility that all of the people who observed peculiar objects could have seen the same thing I did, but, it would have been very difficult from the ground to observe these for more than four or five seconds, and there is always the possibility of atmospheric moisture and dust near the ground which could distort one's vision.

"I have in my possession letters from all over the Unites States and people who profess that these objects have been observed over other portions of the world, principally Sweden, Bermuda, and California. I would have given almost anything that day to have had a movie camera with a telephoto lens and from now on I will never be without one - - but, to continue further with my story. When I landed at Yakima, Wash., airport I described what I had seen to my very good friend, Al Baxter, who listened patiently and was very courteous but in a joking way didn't believe me. I did not accurately measure the distance between these two mountains until I landed at Pendleton, Oregon, that same day where I told a number of pilot friends of mine what I had observed and they did not scoff or laugh but suggested they might be guided missiles or something new. In fact several former Army pilots informed me that they had been briefed before going into combat overseas that they might see objects of similar shape and design as I described and assured me that I wasn't dreaming or going crazy.

And, finally, for Arnold: "I quote Sonny Robinson, a former Army Air Forces pilot who is now operating dusting operations at Pendleton, Oregon, “that what you observed, I am convinced, is some type of jet or rocket propelled ship that is in the process of being tested by our government or even it could possibly be by some foreign government.” Anyhow, the news that I had observed these spread very rapidly and before the night was over I was receiving telephone calls from all parts of the world; and, to date, I have not received one telephone call or one letter of scoffing or disbelief. The only disbelief that I know of was what was printed in the papers. I look at this whole ordeal as not something funny as some people have made it out to be. To me it is mighty serious and since I evidently did observe something that at least Mr. John Doe on the street corner or Pete Andrews on the ranch has never heard about, is no reason that it does not exist.

"Even though I openly invited an investigation by the Army and the FBI as to the authenticity of my story or a mental or a physical examination as to my capabilities, I have received no interest from these two important protective forces of our country; I will go so far as to assume that any report I gave to the United and Associated Press and over the radio on two different occasions which apparently set the nation buzzing, if our Military intelligence was not aware of what I observed, they would be the very first people that I could expect as visitors. I have received lots of requests from people who told me to make a lot of wild guesses. I have based what I have written here in this article on positive facts and as far as guessing what it was I observed, it is just as much a mystery to me as it is to the rest of the world." In essence, that is the story of Kenneth Arnold and Flying Saucers. But, a lot of people don't know there were far more better Saucer cases in that exciting period of the summer of 1947. In other words, Arnold was the most famous one in 1947. But, there were greater incidents. So, let's have a look at some of those other summer 1947 events.

(Nick Redfern)

The FBI took a significant role in the early 1947 Saucer cases.

The U.S. military noted the following in its “Analysis of Flying Objects in the US” document: “During April 1947, two employees of the Weather Bureau Station at Richmond, Virginia, reported seeing a strange metallic disk on three occasions…One observation was at 15,000 feet when a disk was followed for 15 seconds. The disk appeared metallic, shaped like an ellipse with a flat bottom and a round top…The disk appeared to be moving rather rapidly, although it was impossible to estimate its speed.” Then, there is the following from the USAF, which describes a notable encounter on June 28, 1947, just four days after Kenneth Arnold’s historic encounter. According to the Air Force, “While flying at 10,000 feet on a course of 300 degrees, 30 miles northwest of Lake Mead, Nevada, an Air Force lieutenant reported seeing five or six while circular objects in close formation and traveling at an estimated speed of 285 miles per hour.” Less than twenty-four hours later, the Air Force documentation shows, “…a party of three, two of them scientists, were motoring along Highway 17 toward the White Sands, New Mexico, V-2 firing grounds and reported seeing a large disk or sphere moving horizontally at a high speed and an estimated altitude of 10,000 feet. It was of uniform shape and had no protruding surfaces such as wings. The object was in sight for about 60 seconds before it disappeared to the northeast. The three observers agreed on the details of the sighting except that one thought he had seen vapor trails.

(Nick Redfern)

Encounters at White Sands, 1947.

Then there are the events which occurred on July 7, also referenced in the Air Force documentation: “On 7 July 1947, five Portland, Oregon police officers reported varying numbers of disks flying over different parts of the city. All observations were made within a minute or two of 1305 hours. On the same day, William Rhodes of Phoenix, Arizona allegedly saw a disk circling his locality during sunset and took two photographs. The resulting pictures…show a disk-like object with a round front and a square tail in plan form. These photographs have been examined by experts who state they are true photographic images and do not appear to be imperfection in the emulsion or imperfections in the lens.” And the reports just kept coming and coming: “On 10 July 1947, Mr. Woodruff, a Pan-American Airways mechanic reported a circular object flying at high velocity, paralleling the earth's surface and leaving a trail which appeared as a ‘burning up’ of the cloud formation. The sighting occurred near Harmon Field, Newfoundland. Two other persons also saw the trail which remained in the sky for about an hour and was photographed by another PAA employee. The resulting photographs support Mr. Woodruff'’s observation as far as the sky cleavage is concerned.” There's no doubt that Kenneth Arnold started the era of the Flying Saucer; but, as the data above shows, there were certainly far greater cases.

23-12-2022 om 23:38 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:UFOs , UAPs , USOS

NASA sun satellite captures space object that suddenly changes its direction

On December 20, 2022, an unknown object does seem to go in the Sun's direction before it suddenly changing it's direction, almost making an U-turn without slowing down.

When a comet goes around the sun it comes back at the other side but this thing isn't going around the sun, it makes a parabolic turn before flying back into deep space.

A possibility is that the object could have been a UFO piloted by aliens but YouTube channel Suspicious0bservers offers two more possibilities of what the object might have been.

One commenter states: The speed and size would cause massive torsion and an aggregate would likely break up or burn up. The idea of a planet sized object coming close and veering like that would mean the is a force pulling it away from the sun. Another possibility is magnetic repulsion if the energy of the object is the opposite in polarity to the sun and reacted at that distance.

A second commenter states: It looks like it's zooming past the camera from behind, approaching the Sun, and then flying past it, in a parabolic curve. I think it's just the perspective that makes it look like it's approaching and then backing away. The only thing that shocks me is the size and speed of it. What if that had hit the Earth?

After watching the video and reading the comments, it's clear that no one knows exactly what this planet-sized object might have been.

UFO? Natural space phenomena? Or is it something to be worried about!

23-12-2022 om 22:41 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Could Jeremy Corbell’s New Video Confirm Bob Lazar’s Employment at Secret UFO Base in Area-51?

After Travis Taylor, a former Pentagon scientist, called Bob Lazar a “Janitor” during a PhenomeCon 2022 event, the former journalist became a trending topic on Twitter. Many people believe that this was done to undermine Lazar’s credibility. However, Jeremy Corbell, a filmmaker, came to his defense and provided evidence that supports Lazar’s claims.

Lazar is a controversial figure who has been linked to alleged alien activities at the former Area-51 facility. For over three decades, he claimed to have worked on a secret project involving the design of extraterrestrial spacecraft.

George Knapp, an investigative journalist, should be commended for reporting on Lazar’s story in 1989. He told him that he was a scientist working at S-4, which was a government facility near the lake at which Area-51 was located. However, he did not provide evidence to support his claims.

Since then, the identity of Lazar as an alleged scientist at Area-51 has been the subject of discussion within the UFOlogy. Dr. Travis Scott, who also called him a janitor, has been seen publicly disproving his claims. Many people find this statement to be a direct attack on Lazar’s credentials. However, there are experts who have vouched for his work at Area-51.

Lazar, who was identified as a mysterious scientist, spoke to KLAS-TV in Las Vegas in 1989. He told the story of a project that involved the design of alien spacecraft. The program centered on a government facility called S-4, which was near the lake where Area-51 was located. Lazar’s claims about the facility and the nine unidentified objects that were found there were corroborated by the location of a nearby lake called Papoose Lake.

During his interviews, Lazar revealed details about the facility’s construction, including how the military tried to hide the structures at the site by using camouflage. The buildings were constructed at a devious angle.

Filmmaker Jeremy Corbell provided evidence that could support Lazar’s claims about the facility, including a video he shared with Knapp. In the video, Corbell talked about a civilian who allegedly snuck into Area-51 and visited the area.

According to the wagon train journal, he came across two sites: Nye Canyon and Papoose Lake. The former is where the carved rock inscription in 1849 was found. The lake bed is where the pioneers set up camp before scattering to Death Valley.

Many people have claimed that Jerry Freeman never saw anything unusual at the lake. However, Corbell noted that this account could be misleading as it contradicts what Lazar had said. He also shared a video of Jerry talking to Art Bell.

In his audio transcript, Freeman talked about what he witnessed during the night at the lake. He said that he saw security lights at the lake’s perimeter and that he felt vibrations. He initially thought that the noises were an earthquake. However, he later realized that it was not an earthquake. He continued to feel the vibrations for around two minutes.

During his interview, Jerry noted that he felt vibrations from the lake. He said that if the government had spotted him in the area, he might have been able to experience a powerful force lifting him up.

According to Knapp, he had talked to Freeman, who didn’t know what flying saucers were. He also noted that the former had no idea who John Lear and Bob Lazar were. According to him, Freeman said that he saw a door that suddenly opened up at night near the lake. He then said that as he went through the Nevada Test Site, he contracted cancer.

According to George Knapp, he had been able to speak with several former employees of Bob Lazar, who confirmed that he was a physicist. He only named Joe Vaninetti, who was one of the individuals who confirmed Lazar’s claims. Vaninetti was a prominent figure in the UFO research community and had been involved in the scientist’s activities before and after he claimed to have worked at the S-4 facility.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

23-12-2022 om 22:31 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

UFOs and National Security: What Government Officials and Military Officials Know

ufo-sightingd-usa

The topic of extraterrestrial life and the potential national security concerns it may pose has long been shrouded in mystery and intrigue. In recent statements, government officials, high ranking military officials, and the NASA administrator have shed light on the matter, though many questions still remain.

According to these officials, unidentified objects have been seen flying over military bases and there is a need to find out more about them. Some have speculated that if the objects are from an advanced extraterrestrial civilization, they may be more technologically advanced than humans. Others have expressed concern about the possibility that the objects could be from a foreign government, but have noted that they do not seem to fit into any known categories of technology.

In response to these reports, Congress has requested a report on the threat of unidentified aerial phenomenon and the current understanding of the various reports that have been received. This report analyzed 144 reports and placed them into categories including airborne clutter, natural phenomenon, foreign adversaries, developmental programs of the US government or industry, and other. The report noted that a large portion of the unidentified objects could not be fully characterized and that there is a need for better data collection and analysis in order to better understand them.

Officials have also addressed the concerns of safety of flight and counterintelligence issues related to the unidentified objects. While some officials have acknowledged that there may be something else that we do not understand that could be extraterrestrial in nature, they have not provided further information on this possibility.

Despite the efforts of these officials to shed light on the matter, the truth about extraterrestrial life and the unidentified objects remains elusive. The possibility of advanced civilizations and technologies beyond our understanding continues to captivate the imagination and fuel speculation. As the search for answers continues, one thing is certain: the mystery surrounding extraterrestrial life and unidentified objects is sure to persist.

Statements made by various government officials and military leaders about their concerns about alien life and national security

23-12-2022 om 22:05 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 23/12/2022

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 23/12/2022

Martian 'winter wonderland' - Frost, snow and extreme cold on the Red Planet explained

NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory talks about frost, snow and extreme temperatures on Mars and what orbiters and landers have taught us about it. What is the temperature on Mars?:

https://www.space.com/16907-what-is-t...

Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Ancient Aliens: U.S. Navy Declassifies New UFO Reports

The US Navy announces new guidelines that bring new UFO sightings to light. See more in this clip from "Aliens and the United States."

#AncientAliens

An Astronomical and Historic 2022 – What We Did This Year @ NASA – December 23, 2022

In 2022, we launched our mega Moon rocket for the first time – sending the uncrewed Orion spacecraft around the Moon, we kicked off a new era in astronomy with record-breaking new imagery from the Webb Space Telescope, we moved an asteroid in humanity’s first ever planetary defense demonstration and much more. Here’s a look back at those and other things we did, this year @NASA!

Download Link:

https://images.nasa.gov/details-NHQ_2...

Unexplained Alien Encounters - UFOs and Aliens From Outer Space

The government is hiding information about these shocking world wide sightings of UFOs and Aliens that are stranger than fiction.

Aliens and UFOs are real, waiting to be released by American Citizens! Over 1 million people plan to raid Area 51 and finally uncover the UFOs, Aliens, plans behind the cover ups, as well as finally getting disclosure! This series reveals the facts they don't want you to know, with hours of suppressed information about strange and fascinating UFO incidents in recent history.

UNEXPLAINED ALIEN AND UFO ENCOUNTERS (PART 2)

More cases, from Howard Hughes to Franklin D, Roosevelt, many important figures in history have shown an interest in UFOs.

Link to part 1:

https://youtu.be/1jdXx9ypKZs

What Happens to Old Satellites? We Asked a NASA Expert

What happens to old satellites? Currently, they either burn up safely upon reentry into the atmosphere or they remain in space. But NASA is working on new technology that could make spaceflight more sustainable by refueling or upgrading satellites in space, greatly expanding their lifespans.

NASA's Mars Insight Shuts Down, Zhuque-2 and Vega-C Rockets Fail - Deep Space Updates 2022/12/21

ounding up the stories from the last couple of weeks, among many rocket launches we have the arrival of Korea's Danuri spacecraft into lunar orbit. There were 3 SpaceX launches within 36 hours, multiple launches by China and a couple of european launches.

23-12-2022 om 21:14 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:Myths, legends, unknown cultures and civilizations

A Star Came too Close to a Black Hole. It Didn’t End Well

A disk of hot gas swirls around a black hole in this illustration. The stream of gas stretching to the right is what remains of a star that was pulled apart by the black hole. A cloud of hot plasma (gas atoms with their electrons stripped away) above the black hole is known as a corona.

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech

BY EVAN GOUGH

A Star Came too Close to a Black Hole. It Didn’t End Well

Black holes are confounding objects that stretch physics to its limits. The most massive ones lurk in the centers of large galaxies like ours. They dominate the galactic center, and when a star gets too close, the black hole’s powerful gravitational force tears the star apart as they feed on it. Not even the most massive stars can resist.

But supermassive black holes (SMBHs) didn’t start out that massive. They attained their gargantuan mass by accreting material over vast spans of time and by merging with other black holes.

There are large voids in our understanding of how SMBHs grow and evolve, and one way astrophysicists fill those voids is by watching black holes as they consume stars.

Everyone knows we can’t directly observe black holes because not even light can escape them. But black holes exert near total control over their immediate surroundings, and as they bend matter near them to their will, that matter creates a spectacle of light across multiple wavelengths.

Astronomers have powerful tools to observe all that light. One of them is NASA’s NuSTAR, the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array. It’s a space telescope that was launched in 2012. It observes the x-rays from astrophysical sources like SMBHs.

NuSTAR played a critical role in a new study published in the Astrophysical Journal. Its title is “The Tidal Disruption Event AT2021ehb: Evidence of Relativistic Disk Reflection and Rapid Evolution of the Disk–Corona System.” The lead author is Yuhan Yao, a graduate student at Caltech.

When a black hole tears apart a star that gets too close, it’s called a tidal disruption event (TDE.) AT2021ehb is the name of a TDE that occurred at an SMBH in a galaxy about 250 million light-years from Earth. The SMBH is about 10 million times more massive than our Sun. It’s the fifth-closest example of a black hole destroying a star, and it gave astrophysicists an advantageous opportunity to study TDEs with NuSTAR and other telescopes.

Black holes are sometimes surrounded by vast disks of material called accretion disks. The disks are accumulations of gas that have formed over long periods of time, sometimes millennia. The disks can be billions of miles wide, and as they swirl toward the black hole, the gas heats up and can outshine entire galaxies. These are the black holes that astrophysicists can observe because, without the disk and its light, the black hole is just a black hole.

Even though the disk is bright, when the black hole tears apart a star and consumes it, the light from that TDE is still visible. The TDE can take as little as a few weeks or months from start to finish, which makes them viable targets for observation. Astrophysicists are especially interested in events that they can observe in their entirety for obvious reasons.

When the black hole in this TDE tore apart the doomed star, there was a delayed but dramatic rise in x-ray emissions. The x-rays are a signal that the TDE was creating super-heated material in a structure above the black hole called a corona. This is where NuSTAR comes in. When it comes to space telescopes, NuSTAR is best at observing x-rays in detail, and AT2021ehb’s proximity to us gave astrophysicists a remarkable opportunity to observe the corona and what happens to stellar material before a black hole totally devours it.

The region nearest the black hole is tightly-packed. This heats the gas to extreme temperatures, stripping electrons from atoms and creating plasma. The corona is made of this billion-degree plasma. The exact cause of its formation is still being studied, but it likely has something to do with the magnetic field lines in the accretion disk. The lines are predictable in the outer regions of the disk, but closer in, the field lines might tangle and break and reconnect. That activity could accelerate particles so much that they form the superheated corona and emit x-rays.

This image illustrates how magnetic field lines are arranged around a black hole. A 2022 study showed that black holes form coronas before they can emit jets. Image Credit: M. Weiss/CfA

This image illustrates how magnetic field lines are arranged around a black hole. A 2022 study showed that black holes form coronas before they can emit jets.

Image Credit: M. Weiss/CfA

“Tidal disruption events are a sort of cosmic laboratory,” said study co-author Suvi Gezari, an astronomer at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore. “They’re our window into the real-time feeding of a massive black hole lurking in the center of a galaxy.”

A previous 2022 study in Nature Astronomy showed that when a black hole emits its jets, it carries material from the corona with them. “It sounds logical, but there has been a debate for twenty years about whether the corona and the jet were simply the same thing,” said astrophysicist Mariano Méndez, who was the lead author of that study. “Now we see that they arise one after the other and that the jet follows from the corona.”

But that study wasn’t based on observations of a TDE. This study took our understanding even further, showing the link between a star that got too close to a black hole and the formation of the corona, the precursor to a black hole’s relativistic jets.

When a star gets too close to a black hole, the side of the star nearest the hole gets torn apart first. That destroys the star’s spherical form and creates a stream of gas that flows to the black hole’s accretion disk and starts swirling around the hole. As the stream of material whips around the hole, it collides with itself. Scientists think the collisions create shockwaves and outward flows of gas. Those flows emit light across the spectrum, including UV and X-rays.

This illustration shows a glowing stream of material from a star, torn to shreds as it was being devoured by a supermassive black hole. NASA/JPL-Caltech

This illustration shows a glowing stream of material from a star, torn to shreds as it was being devoured by a supermassive black hole.

NASA/JPL-Caltech

Eventually, the material settles down, and its light emissions quiet down, too. It took about 100 days for the star to be torn apart, for the material to heat up, and then to cool down. The Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) was the first to spot the TDE on March 1st, 2021. Then NASA’s Swift Observatory and Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) telescope performed their own observations. Each of them is more sensitive to different wavelengths of light, and when they work together, they give more complete pictures of complex astrophysical events like TDEs.

But after the initial period of heating up and then cooling down, something unexpected happened.

About 300 days after ZTF first spotted the black hole destroying the star, NASA’s NuSTAR performed its own observations. NuSTAR found the hot corona, but scientists were surprised when there were no jets. Coronae usually appear with relativistic jets coming from opposite sides of a black hole.

“We’ve never seen a tidal disruption event with X-ray emission like this without a jet present, and that’s really spectacular because it means we can potentially disentangle what causes jets and what causes coronae,” said lead author Yuhan Yao. “Our observations of AT2021ehb are in agreement with the idea that magnetic fields have something to do with how the corona forms, and we want to know what’s causing that magnetic field to get so strong.”

This figure from the study shows some of the light from the TDE detected in different wavelengths by different observatories. The top panel shows UV and Optical light spiking near the beginning of the event and then evening out. But the middle panel shows the spike in X-ray emissions that NuSTAR observed (purple.) The hot corona created the X-ray emissions. Image Credit: Yuhan Yao et al 2022

Image Credit: Yuhan Yao et al 2022 ApJ 937 8

AT2021ehb is different from other observed TDEs. It’s brighter than any other non-jetted TDE. The brightness peaked at 30 keV, which is 300 million degrees. Its brightness allowed the researchers to “… obtain a series of high-quality X-ray spectra, including the first hard X-ray spectrum of a non-jetted TDE up to 30 keV,” the authors write in their paper.

This figure from the study shows how much brighter AT2021ehb is than 30 other non-jetted TDEs also detected by the ZTF. It compares the brightness in what’s called the g-band. The g-band is the optical wavelength of light that we see as green. The y-axis shows absolute magnitude, which is a reverse logarithmic scale. So though AT2021ehb appears below the others on the graph, it’s actually much brighter.

Image Credit: Yuhan Yao et al 2022 ApJ 937 8

The intricate behaviour of light across the spectrum paints the picture of what’s going on in these complex events. This study ties TDEs to the formation of a black hole’s corona and then, eventually, its jets. But it’s only one TDE, and astrophysicists need more observations of TDEs to build their understanding of the relationships between all three.

Lead author Yao is leading an effort to find more TDEs. Only more data from telescopes like NuSTAR and others can strengthen our understanding of black holes, TDEs, coronae, and jets.

“We want to find as many as we can,” Yao said.

Press Release: NASA Gets Unusually Close Glimpse of Black Hole Snacking on Star
New Study: The Tidal Disruption Event AT2021ehb: Evidence of Relativistic Disk Reflection and Rapid Evolution of the Disk–Corona System
Universe Today: A Black Hole Consumed a Star and Released the Light of a Trillion Suns

23-12-2022 om 01:03 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

22-12-2022

A Space Structure Greater Than The Milky Way Galaxy Is Found By Astronomers

Astronomy Daniel Tom

A team of astronomers has discovered new details of one of the strangest cosmic structures in the universe. So strange that they are literally referred to as “Odd Radio Circles” (ORC).

These colossal phenomena may have diameters of a million light years — nearly ten times larger than our galaxy — and are still unexplained.

ORCs are so rare that only five of them have been discovered, with six more candidates not yet confirmed. Scientists simply do not know what they are and cannot explain these beasts of proportions incomprehensible to humans.

A new scientific study published on March 20 sheds new details on the first of these phenomena. The spectacular images — which you can see in this article — were captured by the South African MeerKAT radio telescope and correspond to the object known as ORC1 (ORC J2103-6200). Never before has an ORC been seen in this incredible level of detail. The work offers so much detail that, as the journal Nature points out, the radio astronomer of the National Autonomous University of Mexico Alice Pasetto affirms that “this discovery will initiate new scientific investigations among astronomers”,

Unsolved Mystery

According to radio astronomer Bärbel Koribalski — of the Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization in Sydney — “ it is reminiscent of a Fabergé egg or a soap bubble.” The outer circle “measures more than a million light-years in diameter, ten times the diameter of the Milky Way, with a series of smaller rings inside it.

The mysterious ring 16 times larger than our galaxy

(J. English U. Manitoba/EMU/MeerKAT/DES CTIO)

ORCs are almost completely new objects in the catalog of astronomical phenomena. They were discovered by astronomer Anna Kapinska using the network of one square kilometer radio telescopes in Australia just three years ago. Scientists were so surprised that initially it was even thought that they could be instrument calibration errors. It is now known that they are real structures, although we still do not know how they could have been produced. We don’t know exactly what these edge-brightening circles are or how they occur. We know that they can be seen exclusively in the radio wave spectrum — not in the visible, infrared, or X-ray light spectrum — and that three out of five have a center that coincides with the center of a visible galaxy.

The Universe Keeps Calling Us

According to this new study, there are now three possible explanations. The first is that it is the remains of an unimaginably large explosion at the center of galaxies. This explosion could be the collision of two supermassive black holes, although we can only speculate about its possible origin.

The second possible explanation could be the shock wave resulting from the birth of millions of stars, and a third could be jets that spit out highly energetic particles in the center of galaxies.

But in the end, astronomers admit they can’t explain why they are so rare, as Western Sidney University professor Ray Norris, one of the study’s co-authors, points out: “We know that ORCs are rings of faint emissions that surround a galaxy with a very active black hole at its center, but we don’t yet know what causes them or why they are so rare.”

ORC1 measurements published in the study It is truly amazing that we have only been able to detect these strange and mysterious structures in the last three years. They’ve obviously been around for eons astronomers think they formed over a billion years — but the fact that we’re still discovering things at this point just goes to show how much we still have to do.

In the end, the only thing we know for sure is what Socrates said: we know nothing. The universe keeps reminding us that it is full of unsolved mysteries. Research to discover the secrets of the cosmos and therefore the origin of the human being must continue and increase in the coming years.

It is the great adventure that continues to drive our desire for exploration, our very existence as a species, and the fundamental engine of our civilization. Without it, we will have no future.

{ https://medianews48.com/ }

22-12-2022 om 23:11 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

MENSELIJKE EVOLUTIE GAAT DOOR: NIEUWE GENEN ONTDEKT IN DNA DIE 'SPONTAAN' ZIJN ONTSTAAN

Jeannette Kras

De mens en de chimpansee gingen een kleine 7 miljoen jaar geleden elk hun eigen weg. Wij splitsten ons af, maar blijven tot op de dag van vandaag door-evolueren.

Nieuwe genen kunnen ontstaan door duplicatie, waarbij een deel van het genetisch materiaal op een chromosoom verdubbelt en het chromosoom langer maakt. Genetische duplicatie zorgt voor veranderingen in het genoom en is een belangrijke motor in de evolutie. Nieuwe genen kunnen echter ook ‘spontaan’ ontstaan uit kleine stukjes van ons DNA.

Genduplicatie
Biomedische wetenschappers uit Griekenland en Ierland hebben 155 nieuwe genen geïdentificeerd in het menselijke genenpakket, die schijnbaar uit het niets toegevoegd zijn aan ons DNA. Sommigen van deze ‘nieuwe’ genen vinden hun oorsprong in lang vervlogen tijden, toen zoogdieren nog niet zo lang op aarde rondliepen. Enkele anderen van deze ‘microgenen’ lijken verband te houden met ziekten die specifiek zijn voor de mens.

“Dit project begon in 2017 omdat ik geïnteresseerd was in de evolutie van nieuwe genen en wilde uitzoeken hoe deze genen ontstaan”, zegt hoofdauteur Nikolaos Vakirlis. “We hebben het project een paar jaar noodgedwongen in de ijskast gezet, maar toen er een andere studie werd gepubliceerd, met een aantal zeer interessante nieuwe gegevens, konden we verder met ons onderzoek.”

Spontaan ontstaan
Het onderzoeksteam maakte gebruik van een eerder gepubliceerde dataset van relevante nieuwe genen en maakte zo een voorouderlijk overzicht waarin het DNA van mensen is vergeleken met andere gewervelde diersoorten. Ze legden de genomen over elkaar heen en ontdekten dat er 155 ‘nieuwe’ genen ooit spontaan zijn ontstaan uit specifieke kleine DNA-fragmenten. De onderzoekers wilden meer weten over deze interessante ontdekking. Wat is dit voor genetische informatie?

“Het was fascinerend om zo’n totaal nieuw onderwerp aan te snijden en te onderzoeken”, zegt de Ierse onderzoeker Aoife McLysaght van het Trinity College in Dublin. “Als je je steeds verder gaat verdiepen in deze kleine stukjes DNA, merk je dat het werk steeds verder gaat richting de randen van wat nog analyseerbaar is. Het is lastig om in te schatten in hoeverre de onderzochte genen en genoomsequenties biologisch betekenisvol zijn. Dat is een enorme uitdaging.”

Patronen vinden
Van deze 155 nieuwe genen zijn er 44 gelinkt aan allerhande verschillende problemen met celgroei. Het lijkt erop dat deze genen een belangrijke schakel zijn in het behoud van een gezond celleven. Aangezien het om menselijke genen gaat, zijn directe testen moeilijk uit te voeren. Wetenschappers moeten dus een andere manier vinden om erachter te komen welke effecten deze nieuwe genen op het menselijk lichaam kunnen hebben. Vakirlis en zijn team richtten zich op patronen in het DNA die erop kunnen wijzen of dit soort genen een rol spelen bij specifieke ziekten.

Drie van deze 155 nieuw gevonden genen bleken DNA-markers te hebben die gelinkt zijn aan erfelijke ziekten zoals spierdystrofie, retinitis pigmentosa (ernstige oogafwijking) en het Alazami-syndroom (groeistoornis). Naast genen met een link naar aandoeningen vonden de onderzoekers ook een nieuw gen dat gekoppeld is aan de ontwikkeling van menselijk hartweefsel. Dit gen ontstond direct nadat mens en chimpansee zich afsplitsten van de gorilla en laat mooi zien hoe snel een gen kan evolueren om essentieel te worden voor de bouw van een organisme.

Verborgen schatten
“Er is nog veel werk te doen. Het lijkt me erg interessant om in toekomstige studies dieper in te gaan op deze microgenen en beter te begrijpen waar ze toe in staat zijn en of ze direct betrokken kunnen zijn bij welke ziekte dan ook”, zegt Vakirlis.

“Het is verleidelijk om deze genen te negeren, omdat ze zo moeilijk te bestuderen zijn. Het wordt echter meer en meer duidelijk dat de wetenschap zijn ogen niet mag sluiten voor deze fascinerende stukjes erfelijk materiaal”, aldus McLysaght. “Als onze aannames kloppen en we voort kunnen borduren op de conclusies uit deze studie, dan zijn er nog veel meer van dit soort relevante zaken diep verborgen in het menselijk genoom, die erop wachten om ontdekt te worden.”

Bronmateriaal:

"De novo birth of functional microproteins in the human lineage" - Cell Reports
Afbeelding bovenaan dit artikel: 00mate00 / Getty (via Canva.com)

{ https://scientias.nl/ }

22-12-2022 om 22:47 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ARCHEOLOGIE ( E, Nl, Fr )

China announces via state media that it may have detected signals from an ALIEN CIVILISATION – before mysteriously deleting the report

China detected unusual signals using its Sky Eye telescope in Guizhou province
The news was announced then deleted by China's state-backed science website
Sky Eye launched back in September 2020 to search for extraterrestrial signals

By JONATHAN CHADWICK FOR MAILONLINE

China has claimed that it may have received a message from an alien civilisation using its $180 million Sky Eye telescope, according to reports.

Sky Eye, a 1,640-foot-diameter telescope based in China's Guizhou province, has detected unusual electromagnetic signals that scientists claim could have alien origins.

The news was revealed in a report by Science and Technology Daily, the official newspaper of China's Ministry of Science and Technology, based in Beijing.

But according to Bloomberg, Science and Technology Daily deleted the report shortly after it was posted, although it's uncertain why.

China claims to have received a message from an alien civilisation, mysterious radio signals suggest (file photo)

Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, also known as FAST or Sky Eye, is based in a natural basin in Guizhou

The FAST telescope

Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, also known as FAST or Sky Eye, is a telescope in Guizhou, China.

With a diameter of 500 meters (1,640 feet), it's the world's largest full dish radio telescope.

It's based in the Dawodang depression, a natural basin in Guizhou.

It was launched in September 2020 specifically to search for alien life and potentially habitable exoplanets – planets outside our solar system.

Sky Eye telescope may have picked up signs of life beyond Earth, according to a report by the state-backed Science and Technology Daily, which then appeared to have deleted the report and posts about the discovery,' Bloomberg says.

'The news had already started trending on social network Weibo and was picked up by other media outlets, including state-run ones.'

The Science and Technology Daily report cited Zhang Tonjie, chief scientist of an extraterrestrial civilization search team co-founded by Beijing Normal University, the National Astronomical Observatory of China and the University of California, Berkeley.

The team detected two sets of suspicious signals in 2020 while processing data collected in 2019, and found another suspicious signal in 2022 while observing exoplanets – planets outside our solar system.

Zhang said the suspicious signals could also be some kind of radio interference, so further investigation is required.

MailOnline has contacted the National Astronomical Observatory of China for comment.

Currently, no life beyond Earth has ever been found, but this does not mean that the universe is lifeless other than on Earth, according to NASA.

The US space agency says: 'While no clear signs of life have ever been detected, the possibility of extraterrestrial biology – the scientific logic that supports it – has grown increasingly plausible.'

Due to its size, Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, also known as FAST or Sky Eye, has one of the best chances of discovering alien life.

It was launched in September 2020 specifically to search interstellar communication signals that suggest alien life and potentially habitable exoplanets.

As its official name suggests, FAST has a diameter of 500 meters (1,640 feet), making it the world’s largest full dish radio telescope.

The dish-like telescope, as large as 30 football fields, costed 1.2 billion yuan (about $180 million)

Engineers work at the control centre for the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) on February 3, 2021 in Pingtang County, Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province of China

It's able to scan twice the sky area covered by the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico, the previous record holder for the largest single-aperture radio telescope in the world.

FAST can deliver readings between three and five times more sensitive than those from Arecibo Observatory, which is why scientists have been hopeful the telescope could lead to a breakthrough in the search for alien life.

A 65-person village was destroyed before construction of FAST began, and more than 9,000 people in the surrounding countryside were forced to relocate to create a three-mile radius around the telescope without any electromagnetic interference.

According to government officials, each person was given the equivalent of $1,800 in compensation for the relocation.

ALIEN LIFE MAY BE TOO SCARED OF 'DANGEROUS' HUMANS, EXPERT CLAIMS

Sci-fi films and TV shows have routinely depicted a brutal race of aliens visiting Earth in their spaceships and enslaving unfortunate Earthlings.

But according to one expert, extraterrestrial life may actually be too scared of 'dangerous' and 'violent' humans to want to come here.

Dr Gordon Gallup, a biopsychologist at the University of Albany, argues that humans are 'dangerous, violent and ceaselessly engage in endless bloody conflicts and war'.

As an example, Dr Gallup cites 'the total destruction of the highly advanced Aztec and Inca civilizations' and the subsequent genocide of the native people, their temples and buildings destroyed and their wealth and natural resources stolen.

For this reason, aliens with the technological capability of making a visit to Earth – if they exist – are likely inclined to stay away for fear of death and genocide, according to Dr Gallup.

Read more

Read more:

Bloomberg - Are you a robot?

22-12-2022 om 22:27 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )

BREAKING: China Claims That Its 'Sky Eye' Telescope May Have Received Signals From Alien Civilizations

by Mirza Newton

China claimed that its massive Sky Eye telescope may have detected signals of extraterrestrial civilizations, according to a report by the state-backed Science and Technology Daily, which promptly removed the piece and related postings.

The report cites Zhang Tonjie, chief scientist of an extraterrestrial civilization search team co-founded by Beijing Normal University, the National Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the University of California, Berkeley, as saying that the narrow-band electromagnetic signals detected by Sky Eye — the world's largest radio telescope — differ from those captured in the past and that the team is investigating them further.

It is unclear why the report was apparently removed from the website of the Science and Technology Daily, the official newspaper of China's science and technology ministry, despite the fact that the news was already trending on social network Weibo and had been picked up by other media outlets, including state-run outlets.

Sky Eye, which is situated in the Guizhou region of southwestern China and has a diameter of 500 meters (1,640 feet), commenced an official search for alien life in September 2020. Zhang, according to the newspaper, said that the team noticed two sets of suspicious signals in 2020 while processing data acquired in 2019, and another suspicious signal in 2022 from observation data of planetary targets.

According to Zhang, China's Sky Eye is particularly sensitive to the low-frequency radio band and plays a crucial role in the hunt for extraterrestrial civilizations.

He stated that the odd signals might possibly be radio interference and need more examination.

This is a developing story and we will keep you updated as soon as new information regarding this story emerges.

Reference(s):

{ https://www.physics-astronomy.com/ }

22-12-2022 om 22:09 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )

Astronomers Find A Potential ‘Major Planet’ Orbiting A Dead Star That Can Support Life For At Least 1 Billion Years Into The Future

It turns out that the existence of life on planets orbiting stars like our sun does not require those stars to be vibrant and powerful.

A potential "major planet" that orbits a dying sun and could support life in the future has been found by scientists.

The “surprising” discovery was made by researchers from University College London while watching a white dwarf, the burning remnants of a star that ran out of hydrogen fuel. It is about 117 light-years away from us. This star, known as WD1054-226, has a ring of planetary rubble in its orbital habitable zone, also known as the Goldilocks zone, where temperatures should enable the planet to have liquid water on its surface.

If the newfound planet is proved to be a life-sustaining world, it will be the first time a life-sustaining planet has been identified around a dying sun.

Scientists made the discovery while monitoring the light from the white dwarf and reported their results in the Royal Astronomical Society’s Monthly Notices. They discovered strong dips in light that matched to 65 uniformly distributed clouds of debris that orbited WD1054-226 every 25 hours, according to their findings.Jay Farihi, the lead author of the study and professor at UCL Physics and Astronomy, said: “The moon-sized structures we have observed are irregular and dusty (e.g. comet-like) rather than solid, spherical bodies”

He described the structures as a “mystery we cannot explain,” but suggested one possible and “unexpected” explanation: a nearby planet.He said: “”An exciting possibility is that these bodies are kept in such an evenly-spaced orbital pattern because of the gravitational influence of a nearby planet. Without this influence, friction and collisions would cause the structures to disperse, losing the precise regularity that is observed. A precedent for this ‘shepherding’ is the way the gravitational pull of moons around Neptune and Saturn help to create stable ring structures orbiting these planets. We were not looking for this.”

The idea of a “major planet” in the star’s habitable zone is thrilling, but he emphasises that such a planet has yet to be proven. Farihi stated that his team still requires further proof, which may be tough to get due to the inability to directly view the planet. To gain a clearer explanation, they may have to depend on computer models along with additional observations of the star and its circling debris.

The team anticipates that, if a planet exists, it was just recently formed — and that it would be habitable for at least 2 billion years, including at least 1 billion years in the future.

Their finding may also aid scientists in developing a better knowledge of our solar system, as more than 95% of all stars, including our sun, will ultimately become white dwarfs.

Updated version of the previous article.

{ https://news.sci-nature.com/ }

22-12-2022 om 21:48 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

Aliens haven't contacted Earth because there's no sign of intelligence here, new answer to the Fermi paradox suggests

milky way

Is the Milky Way home to intelligent aliens?

(Image credit: NASA/Adler/U. Chicago/Wesleyan/JPL-Caltech)

Why haven't aliens gotten in touch? Maybe they think Earth is boring.

A new preprint paper published to the arXiv(opens in new tab) database suggests that intelligent extraterrestrials might not find planets that host life particularly interesting. If life has evolved on many planets in the galaxy, then aliens are probably more interested in the ones where there are signs not just of biology but technology, study author Amri Wandel, an astrophysicist at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, wrote in the paper. The paper is yet to be peer-reviewed.

The study explores the Fermi paradox, which holds that given the age of the universe, it's likely that intelligent aliens would have developed long-distance space travel by now, and thus it’s likely that they would have visited Earth. The fact that they haven't (as far as we know) may be evidence that there is no other intelligent life in the Milky Way galaxy.

But experts have offered other explanations for the missing aliens: Perhaps they visited Earth in the past, before humans evolved or were capable of recording the visit. Or maybe long-distance space travel is more difficult than believed. Perhaps aliens evolved advanced civilization too recently to make it to Earth. Or they've deliberately decided not to explore the cosmos. It’s even possible that they’ve killed themselves off.

Related:

Why have aliens never visited Earth? Scientists have a disturbing answer.

In the new paper, Wandel offers another possible explanation: that life is actually really common in the Milky Way. If many of the rocky planets orbiting in the habitable zone of stars host life, aliens probably aren't going to waste their resources sending signals to every one — they'd likely end up trying to communicate with alien algae or amoebas.

RELATED STORIES

If life is common, intelligent aliens are likely much more interested in signs of technology. But tech signals may be tough to detect. Earth has only been beaming out signals detectable from space (in the form of radio waves) since the 1930s. In theory, these signals have now washed over about 15,000 stars and their orbiting planets, but that is a tiny fraction of the up to 400 billion stars in the Milky Way. Furthermore, Wandel wrote, it takes time for any return message from aliens to travel back, so only stars within 50 light-years have had time to respond since Earth started broadcasting off-planet.

Even worse, Earth's oldest radio signals weren't deliberately broadcast into space, so they're likely so garbled after about one light-year that aliens would be unable to distinguish them, according to Universe Today(opens in new tab). (Earthlings sent out the first deliberate high-power broadcast to aliens with the Arecibo message in 1974, directed to the globular star cluster M13. Some scientists think it's time to send another.)

Wandel found that unless intelligent civilizations are very abundant, with more than 100 million technologically advanced planets in the Milky Way, it's likely that Earth's signals haven't reached another form of intelligent life. However, with time, and as our planet beams out more and more radio chatter, it becomes more likely that Earth's technological signals will find intelligent listeners, Wandel wrote.

The findings suggest that perhaps there are no intelligent civilizations within about 50 light-years of our planet, he wrote. But intelligent life could still be out there — they’re just waiting for our call.

{ https://www.livescience.com/ }

22-12-2022 om 21:20 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )

One of the world's largest lasers could be used to detect alien warp drives

By Ben Turner

The detector would search for ripples in the fabric of space-time left in the spacecraft's wake.

An artist's image of an alien starship as viewed from a planet's surface.

(Image credit: Coneyl Jay)

Scientists have proposed another use for the world's largest gravitational wave observatory: scanning for the ripples in space-time left in the wake of gargantuan alien spaceships.

Gravitational waves ripple out when objects with mass move through space. Bigger objects — such as planets, neutron stars or black holes — produce more prominent gravitational waves. These space-time ripples were first directly detected in 2015, but since then, scientists have been getting better at spotting the waves as they lap at our cosmic shores. Now, new calculations published Dec. 5 to the preprint database arXiv suggest that the U.S.-based Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) can look beyond conventional sources for these space-time ripples. Colossal alien spacecraft traveling at high speeds, or pushed along by warp drives, would also produce the telltale vibrations, the authors said.

Related:

'Tsunami' of gravitational waves sets record for most ever space-time ripples detected

The LIGO detector spots gravitational waves from the tiny distortions they make in space-time as they pass through it. Made up of two intersecting L-shaped detectors — each with two 2.48-mile-long (4 kilometers) arms and two identical laser beams inside — the experiment is designed such that if a gravitational wave passes through Earth, the laser light in one arm of the detector will get compressed while the other expands, creating a tiny change in relative path lengths of the beams arriving at the detector. The warpings of space-time that even the largest gravitational waves make, however, are minuscule — often the size of a few thousandths of a proton or neutron — meaning that LIGO is incredibly sensitive and requires strict maintenance and calibration.

RELATED STORIES

To see how far this sensitivity could be stretched, scientists made calculations of the smallest object that would generate clearly detectable gravitational waves on Earth. It turns out, it would still be pretty big: To be detectable by LIGO, an alien mother ship would need to weigh roughly the same as Jupiter, travel at one-tenth the speed of light, and be within 326,000 light-years of Earth.

Are spaceships of this scale and speed even possible? The researchers don't know, but they hope to squeeze down the ship size to more reasonable proportions as increasingly sensitive gravitational wave (GW) detectors, such as the European Space Agency's 2037 Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, are deployed. The physicists also noted that advanced alien warp drives would create gravitational wave patterns that would be distinguishable from natural sources and that, if detected, these alien waves could even provide humans with clues about how to reverse engineer the technology.

"This is because the shape of the GW signal is entirely dependent on the trajectory of the object," they wrote in the paper. "Thus, as a burst signal is detected, one can attempt to reason the qualities of the transportation mechanism present based on the shape of the GW signal."

{ https://www.livescience.com/ }

22-12-2022 om 20:57 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

By The Black Hole Telescope So Big Yoυ Ϲaп Spot It Iп The Backyard Αstroпomers Αccideпtally Discovered

Black holes are the cosmic glυttoпs, coпsυmiпg aпythiпg that approaches too closely, eveп light.Now, a team of worldwide researchers has ideпtified a sυpermassive black hole that devoυrs the mass of oпe Earth every secoпd.

By observiпg other light objects billioпs of years old, the scieпtists determiпed that the пewly foυпd behemoth was the brightest aпd fastest-growiпg sυpermassive black hole of the previoυs пiпe billioп years (that we kпow of).

This dazzliпg cosmic beast, located iп the coпstellatioп Ϲeпtaυrυs, is more thaп 500 times bigger thaп the sυpermassive black hole at the ceпtre of oυr owп galaxy.

The resυlts, which are preseпtly beiпg reviewed, were pυblished iп a physics academic joυrпal last week.

“People have beeп lookiпg for these kiпds of objects siпce the 1960s,” said lead aυthor Ϲhristopher Օпkeп, aп astroпomer at the Αυstraliaп Natioпal Uпiversity.

“Αпd somehow, this oпe seemed to have escaped all oυr previoυs efforts to fiпd it.”

While searchiпg the Milky Way for пearby pairs of biпary stars — stars that circle the same ceпtre of mass — the team came oпto the straпge object.

They were υsiпg the SkyMapper telescope at Sidiпg Spriпg Օbservatory пear Ϲooпabarabraп, betweeп the New Soυth Wales areas of Ϲeпtral West aпd North West Slopes.

Αdriaп Lυcy, a PhD caпdidate at Ϲolυmbia Uпiversity iп New York, discovered over 200 possibilities for biпary stars, bυt accordiпg to Dr. Օпkeп, there was somethiпg pecυliar aboυt them.

Օпe of them tυrпed oυt to be υпlike a biпary system iп every way.

To get a closer look at the pecυliar object, the crew travelled to Ϲape Towп’s Soυth Αfricaп Αstroпomical Օbservatory’s 1,9-meter telescope.

Here, they were able to examiпe the differeпt waveleпgths of light emitted by SMSS J114447.77-430859.3, or J1144 for short.

“Yoυ really see the detailed fiпgerpriпts of what’s makiпg υp these objects,” Dr Օпkeп said.

Αпd it did пot resemble a giaпt star iп aпy way.

Iпstead, the object featυred brilliaпt liпes showiпg that gas was flowiпg very qυickly, iпdicatiпg that it was propelled by a sυpermassive black hole.

Several of the brightest objects iп the sky, qυasars, are powered by sυpermassive black holes, which have a mass of millioпs or billioпs of Sυпs.

From Earth, these brilliaпt objects resemble stars, bυt their light origiпates from the accretioп disc, a riпg of gas, dυst, aпd stars that swirls aroυпd the black hole.

Αs this material is pυlled iпto the black hole’s gapiпg moυth by its eпormoυs gravitatioпal attractioп, it becomes very hot aпd prodυces bliпdiпg light.

“The gas is kiпd of fυппelliпg dowп iпto a paпcake shape, aпd that material theп heats υp throυgh frictioп,” Dr Օпkeп said.

Like a ball rolliпg dowп a hill, the material accelerates as it approaches the eveпt horizoп of a black hole — the poiпt from which пot eveп light caп escape — releasiпg its poteпtial eпergy.

“Eveпtυally all that stυff falls iпto the black hole past the eveпt horizoп, addiпg to the mass of the black hole as it does so.”

This bright, fast-moviпg cloυd of gas eпabled Dr. Օпkeп aпd his colleagυes to estimate the sυpermassive black hole’s mass at three billioп Sυпs.

Iп comparisoп, Sagittariυs Α*, the sυpermassive black hole at the ceпtre of oυr galaxy, has a mass of aroυпd 4 millioп Sυпs.

Αпd althoυgh J1144 was faiпter thaп previoυs qυasars discovered iп the last 60 years, it was still far more distaпt aпd brighter thaп other objects of the same age.

“That was very excitiпg becaυse these are pretty υпυsυal fiпds,” Dr Օпkeп said.

Iп additioп, the scieпtists aпalysed J1144’s brightпess over the last 45 years by aпalysiпg its appearaпce iп earlier data sets.

They discovered that the brightпess of the eпormoυs qυasar remaiпed coпstaпt throυghoυt time, sυggestiпg that its black hole was coпtiпυally coпsυmiпg gas aпd everythiпg else that came its way.

Michael Ϲowley, aп astroпomer at the Qυeeпslaпd Uпiversity of Techпology, said that the sυpermassive black hole’s size iпdicated that it was most likely related with a hυge galaxy.

“Usυally yoυ’ll fiпd that the more massive the black hole, the more massive the galaxy is as well,” said Dr Ϲowley, who was пot iпvolved iп the stυdy.

Keep aп eye oυt for J114 jυst пorth-west of the Soυtherп Ϲross.(Sυpplied: Ϲhristiaп Wolf/ΑNU/IΑU)

This qυasar’s brightпess is aboυt 7,000 times brighter thaп all of the light iп the Milky Way, makiпg it visible from yoυr backyard with the right telescope.

Dr. Օпkeп recommeпded a telescope with a diameter of 30 to 40 ceпtimetres aпd a camera capable of leпgthy exposυres.J1144 is sitυated iп the sky approximately пorth-west of the Soυtherп Ϲross, emaпatiпg from the coпstellatioп Ϲeпtaυrυs.

“It’s jυst right overhead at sυпset at this time of year,” Dr Օпkeп said.

{ https://galaxdaily.com/ }

22-12-2022 om 20:39 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

Unidentified flying saucer like object captured on video in Colombia

On November 1, 2022, a UFO sighting was reported in Pasto, Colombia. According to the witness, who was observing nature in the backyard of their home, they noticed an object suspended about 30 meters away. The object had a strange shape and was rotating in a peculiar way.

The witness decided to go upstairs to get a better view of the object, and observed that it turned red, with a bright, ignited-like color. They attempted to record the object, but were unable to focus due to their nerves. In a second video, they were able to capture the object as it traveled slowly across the sky.

Check out more UFO sightings from Colombia

The witness then went outside to continue observing the object, which headed towards some buildings about 200 meters away. Suddenly, the object moved back a bit before gaining speed and heading towards the Galeras volcano. The witness attempted to record this moment, but was unable to locate the object due to the maximum zoom on their cell phone camera and their excitement.

Overall, the witness described the experience as strange and said that they have many doubts about what they saw. They are hesitant to share their videos, fearing that people will not take the sighting seriously. It is not clear what the object could have been, and without additional information, it is difficult to determine the exact nature of the object.

22-12-2022 om 18:01 geschreven door peter

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UFO sighting in San Diego leaves residents puzzled

On the evening of October 31, 2021, a UFO sighting was reported in San Diego, California. According to the witness, two round, bright circles were observed in the sky. The circles were stationary and did not appear to be moving. The witness was able to capture a video and a photograph of the unusual object before going inside.Predict

It is not clear what the object could have been, as the witness did not see it arrive or depart. Some possible explanations for the sighting could include unusual atmospheric conditions, a drone or other aircraft, or a hoax. Without further information, it is difficult to determine the exact nature of the object.

Although it is not uncommon for people to encounter strange objects in the sky, such as UFOs, it is important to consider the various theories surrounding these sightings before reaching a conclusion. Some believe that these objects are extraterrestrial visitors or man-made technology, while others think they are natural phenomena.

22-12-2022 om 17:50 geschreven door peter

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LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 22/12/2022

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 22/12/2022

DART's Impact with Asteroid Dimorphos

Countdown to impact as NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) attempts humanity’s first-ever test of planetary defense! The DART spacecraft will intentionally crash into asteroid Dimorphos at 7:14 p.m. ET on Monday, September 26, 2022 to see if kinetic force can change its orbit. Why? If this test is successful, the same technique could be used to deflect an Earth-threatening asteroid in the future, should one ever be discovered.

The #DARTMission's target asteroid is NOT a threat to Earth before, during or after the impact event.

Human Missions to Asteroids, Rockets and Global Warming, Dark Antimatter | Q&A 204

Does the Black Knight satellite really exist? Can JWST explore the Oort cloud? Did we hopelessly contaminate Mars with life? Would I fly on the dearMoon mission without the abort system? Should we do crewed missions to near-earth asteroids? Answers to all these questions and more in this week's Q&A with Fraser Cain!

Support us on Patreon: https://patreon.com/universetoday

00:00 Intro

00:46 [Tatooine] Does the Black Knight satellite really exis

04:00 [Coruscant] Should we do crewed missions to near-earth asteroids?

06:41 [Hoth] Can we put a really good camera around the Moon?

07:39 [Naboo] Patreon announcements

09:31 [Kamino] Can JWST explore the Oort cloud?

11:48 [Bespin] Can there be Dark Antimatter?

12:36 [Mustafar] Did we hopelessly contaminate Mars with life?

16:13 [Alderaan] How do we track the movements of distant galaxies?

20:05 [Dagobah] Is there a specific direction to look at the Big Bang?

21:10 [Yavin] Does propellant contribute to Kessler Syndrome?

22:06 [Mandalore] Should we use different fuel to propel rockets?

24:37 [Geonosis] Can JWST detect Population 3 stars?

27:30 [Corellia] What size is the observable universe?

28:41 [Crait] Would I fly on the dearMoon mission without the abort system?

30:24 [Endor] Do rockets cause global warming?

32:20 [Exegol] Is it ethical to terraform Mars?

NASA spacewalk begins outside space station - See helmet cam views and more

U.S. Spacewalk 83 is underway with astronauts Josh Cassada and Frank Rubio installing an ISS Roll Out Solar Array (iROSA) on the "4A power channel on the port truss," according to NASA.

Watch live: https://www.space.com/nasa-astronauts...

Credit: NASA

15 Mysterious Archaeological Discoveries That Raise New Questions!

In order to understand the everyday life of our ancestors and to trace the reality of life in days long past, archaeological finds are of immeasurable value. While some artifacts have helped solve some history mysteries, in other cases it's been the other way around. From antique batteries to ancient airplane models to maps that shouldn't even exist, here are some mysterious finds that always raise new questions!

#TheUnknownList

ANCIENT ENGINEERS : ALIENS ON EARTH - FULL HD DOCUMENTARY IN ENGLISH - ORIGINAL V MOVIES

ANCIENT ENGINEERS : ALIENS ON EARTH - FULL HD SCIFI MOVIE IN ENGLISH - ORIGINAL V MOVIES

"What lies behind our evolution? Perhaps the answer to our question lies in our ancestors and their Gods; on this journey through the sands of time we will discover that we are not alone in the universe and that aliens have influenced our evolution."

What has NASA discovered inside Jupiter?

Jupiter is a mysterious gas giant that doesn’t easily reveal its secrets.
Being two and a half times more massive than all the planets in the solar system combined, it could easily fit inside almost 1,300 Earth-sized planets.
An airliner flying at a cruising speed of 900 km/h would take less than two days to circumnavigate the Earth. However, the same liner would need 21 days to fly around Jupiter!
Even though this planet has no solid surface, you can't call it "soft". A pressure of millions of atmospheres and a temperature above that on the Sun's surface - such dismal conditions would await anyone daring to get inside this gas planet.
But we'll try to get there anyway.
In this video, you’ll find out why Jupiter is so huge; what red spot it has on its surface; what was found inside Jupiter, and if there’s a planet inside this gas giant.
Jupiter.

#jupiter #solarsystem #reyouniverse

JAMES WEBB TELESCOPE DISCOVERED ARTIFICIAL LIGHTS ON PROXIMA B

There are several ways to tell alien technology exists on another planet. For example, we may be able to see the light of a distant world waver with a massive constellation of satellites. You know the same stuff that's happening on Earth as well with the increasing number of satellites that we push out into orbit. Atmospheric pollution may be detectable from nuclear conflict. While these indicators of technology could also be caused by natural phenomena like orbiting debris or a comet impact, artificial illumination is distinct from the natural light of stars.

The researchers Tabor and Loeb used the long-range high-resolution imagery of the Webb Telescope for alien light hunting test drive in 2021 but since the telescope was not fully

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Why SpaceX Is About To Destroy Everything They've Built..

Last Video: The NASA Artemis 1 Mission Update Is HERE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fs2ND...

James Webb Discovers a Galaxy That Could Fundamentally Change Physics!

In July of this year, the time had finally come: After the James Webb telescope had already reached its orbit in Earth's orbit in January, NASA published the first images and data.

Immediately thereafter, the search for the oldest galaxies in the universe began. The researchers were not disappointed, one record was broken after the next and finally, with Ceers-1749, the researchers found what is believed to be the oldest galaxy ever glimpsed by a man-made telescope. Find out why this discovery could turn the world of physics and the previous picture of the origin story of our universe upside down in this video.

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22-12-2022 om 17:22 geschreven door peter

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What Kind of an Impact did DART Have on Dimorphos? The Science Results are Here

Tail

Two tails of dust ejected from the Didymos-Dimorphos asteroid system are seen in new images from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope,

Credit: NASA/ESA

What Kind of an Impact did DART Have on Dimorphos? The Science Results are Here

On September 26th, NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft collided with Dimorphos, the small moonlet that orbits the larger Near-Earth Asteroid (NEA) Didymos. The purpose was to test a planetary defense technique known as the kinetic impact method, where a spacecraft intentionally collides with a Potentially Hazardous Asteroid (PHAs) to alter its course. Based on a post-collision analysis, NASA determined that DART’s impact altered Dimorphos’ orbital period by 33 minutes and caused tons of rock to be ejected from its surface.

Since the collision, NASA has also been monitoring the cloud of ejecta produced by the impact to see how it has since evolved. The purpose of this is to better understand what the DART spacecraft achieved at the impact site, how much of it was delivered by the spacecraft, and how much was due to the recoil produced by the ejection. On December 15th, during the Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union (AGU) in Chicago, members of the DART team provided the preliminary analysis of their findings.

Artist’s impression of the DART mission impacting the moonlet Dimorphos.

Credit: ESA

Tom Statler, the program scientist for DART, was one of the presenters at the briefing. As he related in a recent NASA press statement:

“What we can learn from the DART mission is all part of a NASA’s overarching work to understand asteroids and other small bodies in our Solar System. Impacting the asteroid was just the start. Now we use the observations to study what these bodies are made of and how they were formed – as well as how to defend our planet should there ever be an asteroid headed our way.”

The team’s report consists of a detailed analysis of all the science and engineering data that focused on measuring the momentum transfer imparted by the DART spacecraft – which was traveling at roughly 22,530 km/h (14,000 mph) when it struck. Being able to predict momentum transfer accurately is vital to planning future kinetic impact missions in the event that an asteroid is likely to impact Earth. This includes determining the impactor’s size and estimating the lead time needed to push an asteroid off its path.

Based on observations before and after, the team learned that Dimorphos and Didymos have very similar compositions. Both are composed of chondrite, rocky material that formed from dust and small grains in the early Solar System, the same material found in the most common type of meteorite to impact Earth. These measurements also incorporated telescope images of the ejecta, which accounted for the majority of reflected sunlight by the double-asteroid in the days following the impact. These showed how solar radiation pressure stretched the ejecta stream into a twin tail (similar to what comets form) that measures about 10,000 km (6,200 mi).

The last complete image of asteroid moonlet Dimorphos, taken by the DRACO imager on NASA’s DART mission 2 seconds before impact.

Credits: NASA/Johns Hopkins APL

Scientists also estimate that DART’s impact displaced over a thousand metric tons (two million lbs) of chondrite rock into space – about the same weight as a cargo ship. This data was combined with new information on the moonlet’s composition and the ejecta’s characteristics. They also consulted telescope observations and images taken by DART’s ride-along CubeSat companion – the Light Italian CubseSat Imaging of Asteroids (LICIACube) – contributed by the Italian Space Agency (ASI).

Based on all this data and assuming that Didymos and Dimorphos have the same densities, the team calculated the momentum transferred by the DART impact compared to the recoil generated by the ejected mass. Ultimately, they found that the total energy of the impact and ejecta was roughly 3.6 times greater than if the asteroid had absorbed the spacecraft and produced no ejecta at all. As Andy Cheng, the DART investigation team lead from Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (JHUAPL), explained:

“Momentum transfer is one of the most important things we can measure, because it is information we would need to develop an impactor mission to divert a threatening asteroid. Understanding how a spacecraft impact will change an asteroid’s momentum is key to designing a mitigation strategy for a planetary defense scenario.”

The DART test proved that the kinetic impact technique has the potential to divert an asteroid on approach to Earth. The task now is to apply this knowledge so that future asteroid defense spacecraft can be built and the technique tested further. The success of these tests could mean the difference between the continued safety of all life on Earth (and our civilization) and a massive impact that causes mass extinction someday.

Further Reading: NASA

The post What Kind of an Impact did DART Have on Dimorphos? The Science Results are Here appeared first on Universe Today.

Source:

https://www.universetoday.com/159314/what-kind-of-an-impact-did-dart-have-on-dimorphos-the-science-results-are-here/

22-12-2022 om 01:38 geschreven door peter

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Astronomers Scanned 12 Planets for Alien Signals While They Were in Front of Their Stars

TOI 1338 b is a circumbinary planet orbiting its two stars. It was discovered by TESS.

Image Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/Chris Smith

Astronomers Scanned 12 Planets for Alien Signals While They Were in Front of Their Stars

The Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope (GBT), part of the Green Bank Observatory in West Virginia, is the world’s premiere single-dish radio telescope. Between its 100-meter dish (328-foot), unblocked aperture, and excellent surface accuracy, the GBT provides unprecedented sensitivity in the millimeter to meter wavelengths – very high to extremely high frequency (VHF to EHF). Since 2017, it also became one of the main instruments used by Breakthrough Listen and other institutes engaged in the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI).

Recently, an international team of researchers from the SETI Institute, Breakthrough Listen, and multiple universities scanned twelve exoplanets for signs of technological activity (aka. “technosignatures”). Their observations were timed to coincide with the planets passing in front of their sun relative to the observer (i.e., making a transit). While the survey did not detect any definitive evidence of technosignatures, they did identify two radio signals of interest that warrant follow-up observation. This new technique could vastly expand the field of SETI and create all kinds of opportunities for future research.

The team was led by Sofia Z. Sheikh, a graduate student with the SETI Institute and Berkeley SETI Research Center (UC Berkeley), and other members of a graduate SETI program run by the Penn State Extraterrestrial Intelligence Center (PSETIC). They were joined by teams from Breakthrough Listen, the Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds (CEHW), the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), and multiple universities and research institutes. The paper that details their research is scheduled to be published in The Astronomical Journal.

Frank Drake by the Green Bank Telescope.

Credit: NRAO/NSF/AUI

The search for radio signals has been an established SETI convention since the first survey was conducted in 1961. This was Project Ozma, led by the late and legendary Cornell astrophysicist Frank Drake, for whom the Drake Equation is named. In recent years, the field of SETI has expanded considerably, with next-generation radio telescopes and new data analysis techniques (many of which incorporate machine learning) have become available. The kinds of technosignatures researchers could look for are also expanding, with proposals ranging from directed energy and neutrinos to gravitational waves.

Nevertheless, radio transmissions remain the most sought-after technosignature, and radio surveys have advanced exponentially thanks to newly-developed hardware and cutting-edge computational techniques. As Sheikh told Universe Today via email:

“Traditional radio SETI is expanding exponentially, with new sources of funding and new radio telescopes coming on-sky (for example, MeerKAT),” she said. “In addition, many new scientists are getting involved in the field, including both students and experts in other sub-fields who are applying their skills to the technosignature challenge. It’s very exciting to be a part of SETI at such a dynamic point in time!”

However, finding evidence of artificial radio signals remains daunting, requiring powerful arrays, considerable observation time, and immense commitment and patience from research teams. In addition, there is a growing concern among SETI researchers that the majority of search space (not just in terms of physical space but also possible types of technosignatures) is still unexplored. According to Sheikh and her team, this creates the opportunity to mount new projects that could fill the unexplored regions of “parameter space”:

“The classic problem with SETI is the “needle in a haystack” issue – even if someone is trying their hardest to get our attention, space is big, and there are so many forms that a message could take (even if you just restrict the possibility space, or parameter space, to the radio spectrum). So it helps if we try to figure out special places, times, or frequencies that might be more likely locations for messages than any random point.”

The Pioneer Plaque. The diagram in the upper left corner depicts hydrogen undergoing the transition responsible for radio emissions at the wavelength of 21 cm.

Credit: NASA

These are known as “Schelling Points,” a concept from game theory where two or more people arrive at the same solution by default and in the absence of communication. Examples include places like the Galactic Center, where some SETI researchers believe civilizations are most likely to be found, or frequencies like 1420 MHz. Also known as the “hydrogen” or “21-centimeter line.” this frequency corresponds to the change in the energy state of neutral hydrogen. Radio waves at this frequency are considered favorable by SETI researchers since they can penetrate large clouds of dust in the interstellar medium (ISM).

For their study, Sheikh and her colleagues consulted data on 12 exoplanets identified by the Kepler Space Telescope. These planets were detected using Transit Photometry (aka. Transit Photometry), where periodic dips in a star’s luminosity are used to confirm the presence of exoplanets and constrain their size and orbital periods. The GBT gathered data on these Kepler exoplanets as they made transits of their respective stars on March 25th, 2018. The goal was to see if radio transmissions coincided with these transits, a surefire sign of an advanced civilization attempting to communicate. Said Sheikh:

“For this particular project, we used the centers of planetary transits as Schelling Points. In other words, we timed our observations such that the exoplanet-of-interest was lined up with its host star and the solar system. That’s a time that we know (by observing the dip in brightness as the planet passes in front of its star), and it’s a time that any potential life on the exoplanet would also know – therefore, it is “mutually derivable”.”

While it is extremely energy-intensive to transmit a constant message, this method narrows the transmission down to a specific mutually-derivable window. This dramatically reduces the costs of sending messages to space while significantly increasing the odds of detecting messages. Sheikh and her colleagues are the first to use this technique in a radio technosignature search. And while they did not detect any technosignatures, their pioneering study has established a procedure that will make similar surveys much easier to mount in the future.

Artist’s impression of the TRAPPIST-1 system, showing two of its seven planets transiting in front of the star.

Credit: NASA

“This was a pilot study for the transits-as-Schelling-points idea, and future research will expand the sample to include significantly more exoplanets,” she concluded. “This is especially relevant with upcoming commensal projects like COSMIC on the ngVLA, which will be surveying the sky almost constantly – with so much new data on the way, knowing exactly when and where to look will help us prioritize potentially real signals over the growing background of radio frequency interference from Earth.”

Further Reading: arXiv

The post Astronomers Scanned 12 Planets for Alien Signals While They Were in Front of Their Stars appeared first on Universe Today.

Source:

https://www.universetoday.com/159219/astronomers-scanned-12-planets-for-alien-signals-while-they-were-in-front-of-their-stars/

22-12-2022 om 01:10 geschreven door peter

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Aliens on the Rise: NYC Sees Increase in UFO Sightings in 2022

The number of reported sightings of UFOs in New York City has increased significantly over the past couple of years. In 2022, the number of sightings increased by 4%. This is the first time that residents of the city have submitted pictures to the UFO reporting center in an attempt to prove that they spotted extraterrestrials.

Although the photos that were submitted by the residents were blurry, the statements that accompanied them suggested that the number of alien visitors has increased.

You can find out more UFO sightings from NYC in our New York tag!

In total, 13 UFO sightings were reported in Manhattan. Some of these include a series of objects that were spotted in the East River in June, and a large, silent alien craft that was seen flying across the city in August. Queens had the most number of reported sightings with six. Brooklyn had four, Staten Island had three, and the Bronx had two.

The increasing number of reported sightings has raised the question of whether or not something strange is happening in the skies.

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21-12-2022

Pentagon Forced to Admit: Advanced UFO Technology Remains a Mystery

The New York Times published an article in 2017 acknowledging the existence of unidentified flying objects, or UFOs, and the Pentagon’s efforts to keep information about them hidden from the public. This admission sparked a renewed interest in the topic and led to Congress mandating the release of two reports from the Pentagon on the subject.

The first report admitted that in 18 known instances, UFOs demonstrated an advanced technology that was unknown to human science and that the Pentagon had no information to explain it. However, the Pentagon spun the report to say that there was no evidence that the UFOs were alien spacecraft. The second report, released in October, admitted that many UFO sightings did not have conventional explanations and that some of them were possibly related to foreign spying or drones.

Despite these revelations, the Pentagon has continued to try to downplay the significance of the UFO topic and steer the media’s focus away from it.

https://lp.constantcontactpages.com/su/OeInc3P

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Filer’s Files Dec. 15 2022 - Ft. Dix McGuire Alien Shot PART I

Ottumwa, Iowa UFO on December 3, 2022

Filer’s Files Dec. 15 2022 - Ft. Dix McGuire Alien Shot - PART I

Merry Christmas and Happy Hanukkah

Major George A. Filer III ret. USAF

New Jersey State Director

MUFON Eastern Region Director

Special reports are: The Fort Dix/McGuire Air Force Runway Incursions by Aliens, Star of Bethlehem, Incursions by Aliens Is there a cosmic bloodline of theStar Gods on Earth?” t, New UFO/UAP Social Network ,Strange Craft, Award of Merit, Carbon 60.

Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over California, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Mississippi, Nevada, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Virginia, and Washington.

Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Australia, Canada, Estonia, France, Russia, and England and Scotland in the United Kingdom.

The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force and DOD investigated UFOs for more than forty years; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFOs and aliens are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.

Forward these files to your friends and neighbors.

Special Projects

The Fort Dix/McGuire Air Force Runway Incursions by Purported Aliens

By Bob Spearing ,Director of International Investigations

P-38 Lightning at McGuire AFB

Anyone familiar with UFOlogy folklore is aware of the very high strangeness case that occurred on January 18, 1978 at McGuire Air Force Base in New Jersey when an alien was allegedly reported shot dead on the tarmac of one of McGuire’s runways. The initial account came from MUFON New Jersey’s long time State Director, Major George Filer, who had a number of other incidents in his career as a pilot. This is his most famous report. It is well documented. However, not everyone in the UFO community is in consensus that it happened. For example, NICAP, another long time UFO Investigative entity, has closed their investigation of Filer’s report as being a hoax. Before I delve into NEW EVIDENCE suggesting the case has legitimate legs, lets do a synopsis of the original event.

Mrajor Filer, was privy to information that morning on his way to a security briefing, that an entity had breached the base’s perimeter. Earlier that morning around 2:00 A.M. the base’s military police were following an oval shaped unknown flying object with a bluish-green glow. The intruder, similar to a typical Grey Alien, was shot by the Army military police when it stepped into the headlights of a vehicle. The police were stopped watching the craft hovering in a possible attempt to retrieve the entity. The alleged Alien Grey died shortly afterwards on the McGuire Runway. The corpse smelled noxious like ammonia. Photos were taken. Shortly afterwards, Men in Black (MIB) types, possibly from Washington D.C. came in with special forces type soldiers and “sanitized” the event. One witness Major Filer spoke to stated “UFOs were all over the place!”

Aircraft from Wright Patterson AFB Picked up the Alien Body

So, did it happen? It is an extraordinary account and it has been subject to ridicule. Was Filer hoaxing something? It was first reported to the N.J. newspaper called the Trentonian in 2007.

A search of MUFON’s extraordinary 125,000 case database suggests Major Filer wasn’t faking ANYTHING! Let’s look at some correlating or similar cases that seem to validate Major Filer’s account and then on to a recently found witness who has come forward!

According to NICAP, on Oct. 14, 1972 at approximately 2:00 P.M. at McChord Air Force Base in Washington State, “two airmen were instructed to check the tactical air navigational (TACAN) facility located eight miles east of McChord Air Force Base. The TACAN site was situated on government land maintained by the United States Army. Briggs and Hillsgeck drove to the TACAN site at approximately 1300 hours. Upon their arrival, they opened the locked fence surrounding the TACAN facility and entered the compound. Once inside the compound, they opened the TACAN building and began to conduct a “systems” check of the TACAN equipment. Briggs heard a strange sound outside the building. According to Briggs, it sounded like a high pitch engine. Briggs exited the building to investigate the sound. Once outside, Briggs observed a saucer shaped object directly above the TACAN building. Briggs watched as the object landed just south of the TACAN compound. Briggs was startled by the object and entered the TACAN building to summoned Hillsgeck. Once Hillsgeck and Briggs exited the building together, they observed two “creatures” walking towards the fence.”

What we can gather from this report is that an object, disc shaped, and similar to the McGuire oval was over a military base and “creatures” were seen that could be construed as similar to what Filer was told.

Recently NJ. MUFON’s Chief Investigator Glenn Green reported in Filer’s Files on MUFON Case # 102608, January 18, 1978.

According to this witness to Major Filer’s story, “On 18 January 1978, on the border of Fort Dix and McGuire AFB, just off of Texas Ave in Fort Dix, {I was} on the way to an area called Freedom Ridge. The place where soldiers display military operations for basic trainees and VIPs get to observe military displays. I was a soldier (Medic) that covered the gun ranges throughout Fort Dix. I had an assistant driver to the ambulance vehicle, who was at that time, a Sgt, a native Panamanian American, who was a supervisor. That night we were going to relieve the first shift at Freedom Ridge, and travelled via Texas Ave to the point where we would turn on Range Road, then go straight to Freedom Ridge. That’s when I saw the crafts flying around and I informed the Sgt. That didn’t go well, since he was super-superstitious about these things. He instructed Me to keep straight to the Ridge and not stop. I maneuvered and parked. Soon after I heard a couple of shots. I left the vehicle to the dismay of the Sgt. I wasn’t scared at all. Then I saw the craft and at the same time heard, then saw military vehicles, along with civilian police cars, which weren’t supposed to be on post. I was now on the fence between bases and observed an entity crossing the fence, maybe through some opening, not sure. All I know was that now we were face to face. Then I felt the anxiety of the entity, and what was happening mentally from it.

Several UFOS Landed with aliens Searching for Companion

I had the feeling it was running from someone and trying to return to its craft. It impressed the urgency it had to return with others that were around chasing it, trying to harm it. While this was going on, I remained in contact with my Sgt of the happenings only to find out that he was just sitting there in a blank stare forward. I would turn back to the entity every once in a while, to keep both within sight. It seemed like the entity wanted to impart on me the urgency of its survival. Mentally, I think it was communicating with me. I could almost see everything that was going on through its thoughts. There was a tremendous commotion going on in McGuire AFB, with MP vehicles driving erratically Fast, up and down the airfield too. “

The witness continues “You see, I’m the rest of the story never told on that day, that became the Fort Dix/McGuire AFB Flap/Incident. It’s been a mystery since that they never asked about my side, and I did report it the next morning even though my Sgt kept insisting to do nothing especially report it. He was still very frightened. A matter of fact, that night when we finally got to Freedom Ridge, besides being late, which is another story, he had a severe headache all night, until he finally passed out on his cot. The soldiers waiting to be relieved were angry about us getting late, because we got there after 11:30, when we were supposed to get there around 7 or so, yet it was around 11:30, but our watches reflected about 7:30 or so.

We lost time somewhere, which only made the Sgt and the other NCOs very angry, because they didn’t appreciate the lateness and wasn’t excepting {accepting} excuses. I had a clue of what may have happened, missing time. The story I’m telling You has been sent several times throughout the past 40 years, without anyone ever asking for My side of the story. Why? I don’t know. Strangely enough, I didn’t know anyone else had experienced on the Air Force side this exact situation, until approximately the mid-80s when I read a report in another UFO site, which made me glad to know it had happened, which vindicated me as well. That’s why I said this is the rest of the story, like Paul Harvey used to say.”

The reader will notice several interesting oddities. First the witness mentions more than one craft. Then talks about only one. Filer only mentioned one craft but a person he interviewed said there were more.

Additionally, this witness made mental contact with the entity and lost time. Lost time is a hallmark of abduction. How would abduction play into a narrative taking place on a runway with an escaping entity fighting for its life. Why would a UFO abduct soldiers in the middle of a failed extraction mission for one of their own for 3+ hours? It’s not reasonable to assume missing time occurred. Moreover, Filer’s account suggests the incident occurred about 2:00 AM. This witness mentions 3 hours of lost time between 7 and 11:30. Are we talking AM the next morning 30 minutes before Filer’s version or did their version of events occur at 7 :00 PM beginning and ending many hours before Filer’s account at about 2:00 AM on January 18^th? This is a problem of inconsistency between this witness and Filer’s account. It will, most likely, never be resolved at this point unless perhaps memories fail is an answer or two separate incidents were taking place at the base over a long number of hours.

Finally, if we look at this account with a detective’s lens, we know the entity was shot dead. The witness in this case says he heard shots and exited his vehicle only to be confronted by an entity that was still alive and well. Is this an inconsistency or did this witness see additional events such as a subsequent execution of the entity but has chosen to eliminate that portion of events from his narrative for safety or psychological reasons?

Another correlating case occurred eleven years later at McGuire AFB per MUFON Case # 81327. It occurred on Jan 1, 1989 at Gate 6, McGuire Air Force Base, when an entity climbed over one fence and then a second fence.

The witness narrative states “While standing at Gate 6 in McGuire Air Force Base looking into the woods and at a fence, a small 4-foot hairy entity with big eyes and possibly naked climbed quickly over the fence, stopped, looked at me, then proceeded to jump another fence and disappear. It was humanoid but not human.”

Hairy Alien

Hairy! That’s a new wrinkle! Naked I was already acclimated to but now we have hairy! Bigfoot perhaps? They are known to frequent UFOs!

He continues “later, when telling the story to another military serviceman, he told me that the base’s water treatment plant operator saw an identical creature recently.” That’s three possible entity accounts at McGuire!

Notice that this is the second case occurring in January at the base. More interestingly is that this witness saw the entity hop two fences. McGuire/Fort Dix is a joint Army/Air Force Base. Was this entity crossing between perimeters? Interestingly enough, in our previous case above #102608 from January 18, 1978 our witness states “I was now on the fence between bases and observed an entity crossing the fence, maybe through some opening, not sure.”

Tal l wire fence between Ft. Dix and Mcguire

Was the entity in both cases seen at precisely the same spot? That would be beyond coincidence! It would suggest something special about this juncture between Dix and McGuire. This strange double fence detail actually strengthens both story’s credibility’s considerably. Where there is smoke there’s fire. When everything looks like a duck, it most likely is a duck!

A final witness emerges!

MUFON Case # 89649 concerns January 18, 1978 at McGuire. The witness states “I have information passed to me by my father from his time in the military, as well as a personal account of being questioned by what I believe were government agents approximately 6 years after my father’s passing in 1999.”

The anonymous witness was born 1933 died 1993. He was a lifelong Navy pilot in Korea and Vietnam with photos of that era of UfO encounters. He was also a patriot. So why lie! His son Derek is the reporting party forwarding a report to MUFON about what his father saw that day. The father witnessed part of an elite clean up unit of alien remains. This validates what Filer was told. The father told his son that the alien remains were sent to Colorado after clean up to a facility called Raven Mountain, a.k.a. Site R which also serves as a nuclear bunker. Please see Wikipedia for a detailed explanation of Raven Mountain/Site R. Pennsylvania.

Alleged Alien Body Probably Copied for media

The father apparently took or had access to photos and took them home. One day, seemingly in 1999, government agents, Men in Black (MIBs perhaps) confiscated photos the father had taken. These MIBs showed up at his mother’s house as well as his sibling’s houses looking for photo evidence. His mother possessed a red box with entity photos. These were confiscated along with Vietnam Ufo photos. Derek, the son, never understood how the MIBs knew his mother possessed the photos. Derek stated that when he saw the photos prior to confiscation, he saw 5 foot alien greys with big eyes dead in fetal position on runway. Long time UFO Investigator Leonard Stringfield may have investigated this incident.

So, what can we conclude? Two things! Four things if our final witness is sincere. First, Major George Filer’s account can be corroborated concerning the 1978 event. Second, entities were seen at other U.S. Military installations scaling fences. Third, McGuire is known to have nuke storage capability. There is a apparently a U.S. Military Unit specifically designed to clean up evidence of UFO encounters at a site or to confiscate any evidence that could provide proof of intervention by unknown agents”

The U.S. Government clearly knows “They” are here from my analysis!

Bible Reports the Star of Bethlehem

The Bible states, “Jesus was born in the town of Bethlehem, in Judea, during the reign of King Herod.” At about that time some magi (wise men) from the east arrived in Jerusalem, asking, ‘Where is the new born King of the Jews?’ for we have seen his star in the east, and have come to worship him.”

“After they had heard the king, they went on their way, and the star they had seen in the east, went ahead of them until it stopped over the place where the child was. When they saw the star they were overjoyed. On coming to the house, they saw the young child with his mother Mary, and bowed down and worshipped him. Then they opened their gifts of gold and of incense and of myrrh.” (Mathew-2.)

Editor’s Note

A fourteenth century fresco of the Madonna and Child and St Giovannino, in the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence, attributed to the 15 Century school of Filippo Lippi. Ddepicted on the top right side the image of a UFO hovering in the distance. A blow up of this fresco reveals tremendous details about this UFO including port holes. It seems to indicate a religious involvement between UFO’s and the appearance of the Christ Child.

Magi or wise men were astronomers or astrologers who lived in Persia or Babylonia hundreds of miles to the northwest of Jerusalem. They arrived in Jerusalem and spoke to King Herod indicating they were likely of high rank possibly Kings or messengers from kings. We assume they were excellent witnesses. They had followed a star light for a great distance to get to Jerusalem. Now, they were overjoyed to see the same star that led them to Bethlehem five miles due south of Jerusalem. According to the scriptures the star moved south and stopped over the house where Jesus lived. Stars appear to cross the sky from east to west at 15 degrees per hour as the Earth rotates and do not stop or change direction. It would be difficult for the wise men to follow a star as Quick as they move both day and night, and a miracle would be required for it to stop. And change direction one possible explanation is that they followed the light of a bright UFO. Of course God and his angels can do almost anything but the Bible is describing a light moving in weird directions from normal star movement.

“Is there a cosmic bloodline of the Star Gods on Earth?”

We Are the Aliens

The Human Genome sequence was finished in 2001. That is 3,000,000,000 bits of information were decoded and put in order

Clark C. McClelland former NASA Spacecraft Operator writes, “Blood factors are exact. Modern man and the Rhesus monkey do appear to have had a past, ancient, common ancestor. Importantly, this does not include people with the Rh negative blood factor. “The Early European race is characterized by a people with high per cent of Rh-negatives. However, all other earthly primates (Apes, Gorillas, etc.) have this Rh positive blood factory!”

“Rhesus monkey, (Macaca mulatta), sand-coloured primate native to forests but also found coexisting with humans in northern India, Nepal, eastern and southern China, and northern Southeast Asia.. Rhesus monkey is held sacred in some parts of India and is the object of tolerant affection on the part of many Brahmans. It is especially common around temples where groups may number 50 to 200 monkeys or more, whereas in forests 12 to 20 is usual. The determination of the Rh (from rhesus) factor in human blood involves reaction with the blood of this monkey, and a Rhesus is thought to be millions of years old and other macaques are classified in the family Cercopithecidae (the Old World monkeys).

If we all evolved from the same Cosmic, Godly source, all the human racial groups would have a logical, compatible blood. The fact is Rh positive and negative blood is not compatible. Do these differences indicate any proof, that some of our descendants were of the ancient astronaut variety? You can bet on it!”

Rhesus Monkey

The Rh factor is another well known blood group, referring to the “positive” or “negative” in blood types, such as A-positive or B-negative. (The Rh refers to Rhesus macaques, which were used in early studies of the blood group.) People who are Rh-positive have Rh antigens on their red blood cells; people who are Rh-negative don’t and produce antibodies that will attack Rh positive antigens. It is possible the RH negative people’s ancestors were not monkeys or similar animals and may be related to a different relations such as aliens. The Nordic Aliens look entirely human and may be related or our forefather’s to Rh-negative persons. Nordic Aliens look entirely human we can speculate and may be related to Rh-negative persons

The Rh blood group plays a role in the sometimes fatal blood disease erythroblastosis fetalis that can develop in newborns if an Rh-negative women gives birth to an Rh-positive baby and her antibodies attack her child. If your next baby is Rh positive, the mother’s Rh negative antibodies can cross the placenta and damage the baby’s red blood cells. This could lead to life-threatening anemia, a condition in which red blood cells are destroyed faster than the baby’s body can replace them. Red blood cells are needed to carry oxygen throughout the body.

On a geologic timescale, the emergence of the human “dataome” is like a sudden invasion by extraterrestrials (ET). In fact we seem to be coming more like ET.

But the strangest thing of all is how humans generate, exploit, and propagate information that is not encoded in our heritable genetic material, yet travels with us through time and space. Not only is much of that information represented in purely symbolic forms—alphabets, languages, binary codes—it is also represented in each brick, alloy, machine, and structure we build from the materials around us. Even the symbolic stuff is instantiated in some material form or the other, whether as ink on pages or electrical charges in nanoscale pieces of silicon. y

Most people have never heard of the numerous other blood groups—such as the MN, Diego, Kidd and Kell—probably because they trigger smaller or less frequent immune reactions.

The human genome is about 3,000,000,000 DNA base pairs long. This long stretch of molecular code is responsible for the development—initially over a period of nine months and then decades in totality—of the trillions of the adult cells that make up the human body. Clearly, it is impossible for any scientist or even a worldwide consortium of scientists to have tested, one by one, all of these DNA base pairs in all of these cells at all of these points in time. Science claims human life developed from the primordial soup into a one celled organism and organized itself into 3,000,000,000 DNA base pairs long. There is likely another solution. Thanks to Clark C. McClelland.

The term ’blood group’ usually refers to an individual’s combination of Red Blood Cell (RBC) surface antigens. Antigens are specific sites on different proteins, glycoproteins or glycolipids that form parts of the RBC membrane which the immune system can interact with.

ABO Blood Gtoups

The ABO blood group was discovered in the first decade of the 1900s by Austrian physician Karl Landsteiner. Through a series of experiments, Landsteiner classified blood into the four well-known types. The “type” actually refers to the presence of a particular type of antigen sticking up from the surface of a red blood cell. An antigen is anything that elicits a response from an immune cell called an antibody. Antibodies latch onto foreign substances that enter the body, such as bacteria and viruses, and clump them together for removal by other parts of the immune system. The human body naturally makes antibodies that will attack certain types of red-blood-cell antigens. For example, people with type A blood have A antigens on their red blood cells and make antibodies that attack B antigens; people with type B blood have B antigens on their red blood cells and make antibodies that attack A antigens. So, type A people can’t donate their blood to type B people and vice versa. People who are type AB have both A and B antigens on their red blood cells and therefore don’t make any A or B antibodies while people who are type O have no A or B antigens and make both A and B antibodies.

Our dataome looks like a distinct, although entirely symbiotic phenomenon. Homo sapiens arguably only exists as a truly unique species because of our coevolution very simple example can be seen in any of the great works of human literature, from Lao Tzu to Shakespeare. These writings, these informational packages, have found a way to persist through time by attaching themselves to us. We eagerly read them, restructuring our brains to remember them, and we go to great lengths to copy and reproduce these works, again and again across the centuries and in many languages and forms. But these texts aren’t just memes; they’re more like parts of a budded-off extended human phenotype that has its own processes and its own capacity to pressure the world around it to try to ensure its survival.

In the course of life’s three-to-four-billion-year history on Earth, it doesn’t seem that anything exactly like this has actually happened before. On a geologic timescale, the emergence of the human dataome is like a sudden alien invasion, or an asteroid impact that precipitates a mass extinction—changing how energy flows and how the biosphere functions. It’s not just flesh-and-blood life on this world anymore. By a quirk of evolution, our very existence as clever talkative apes has gone hand-in-hand with the unleashing of something else, a new trick for the restructuring of matter in service of a phenomenon with very deep roots in the statistical arrangement of atoms and molecules, in their order and disorder or dispersal: in entropy and its cousin, information.

Editor’s Note: I feel the back engineering of UFOs and help from ETs or God has created a scientific system for quickly advancing our society in numerous ways.

The Author Caleb A. Scharf is director of astrobiology at Columbia University. He is author and co-author of more than 100 scientific research articles in astronomy and astrophysics. Thanks to Caleb A. Scharf, Scientific American

https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-1-d&q=We+Are+the+Aliens+

Giant UFO Mothership Discovered on Moons Surface

Mothership allegedly filmed near the Sea of Rains, Timocaris E Wall,, Date of discovery: September 24, 2013, from NASA Mission: Apollo 17,

Source ASU Photo:

http://tothemoon.ser.asu.edu/data_a/AS17/raw/AS17-160-23947.tif

it New UFO/UAP Social Network

MUFON Personnel Sign Up here

Strange Craft

The True Story of an Air Force Intelligence Officer’s Life with UFOs

U.S. Air Force Major George Filer belongs to the generation of pilots and aviators who first became aware of the strange aircraft showing up in the Earth’s atmosphere after World War II. These men – military professionals who flew planes, served as radar operators and air traffic controllers at airfields around the world – began to whisper amongst themselves about encounters with suspected extraterrestrial aircraft.

During secret debriefings at U.S. bases, pilots and air crew told their commanders of seeing UFOs off their plane’s wings. Award-winning investigative author John Guerra spent four years interviewing Filer, a decorated intelligence officer.

From objects in the skies over Cold War Europe to a UFOs over during the Cuban Missile Crisis to lights over the DMZ in Vietnam Filer leaves nothing out about his Air Force UFO encounters,

Filer’s most memorable case – the shooting of an alien at Fort Dix Army Base in 1978 – is fully recounted for the first time in this book. As a member of the Disclosure Project, military experts, astronauts, and scientists urge the U.S. government to release all it knows about UFOs to the public.

Filer describes his UFO encounters in this incredible book, by John L. Guerra.

https://amzn.to/2SK3SIQ

Air Force and Space ForceAawarded this medal of Merit to me.

I’m Director of General Castle AFA Chapter NJ 310 and thePat Kon the Northeast Director of AFA awarded this medal of Merit to me.

Filer’s Files: Worldwide Reports of UFO Sightings

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Filer’s Files Dec. 15 2022 - Ft. Dix McGuire Alien Shot - PART II

Ottumwa, Iowa UFO on December 3, 2022

Filer’s Files Dec.

15 2022 - Ft. Dix McGuire Alien Shot - PART II

Merry Christmas and Happy Hanukkah

Major George A. Filer III ret. USAF

New Jersey State Director

MUFON Eastern Region Director

Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over California, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Mississippi, Nevada, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Virginia, and Washington.

Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Australia, Canada, Estonia, France, Russia, and England and Scotland in the United Kingdom.

Forward these files to your friends and neighbors.

UFO Sightings in the United States

Sightings are from MUFON CMS

California Object

Corona on June 9,2021, I was riding my mountain bike down to the bottom and took a picture of the trail I had just finished traveling. I didn’t see anything, but the next day I was looking at my pictures and noticed the craft in the sky.

Florida Lights

Orlando on November 20, 2022, talking to a neighbor I did not see the craft until I checked my hunting tracker. This craft has no wings and no rotors. It was present for only a second.

Georgia Light

Gainesville on December 10,2022, at 06:09 Pm I first caught several weird anomalies on still pictures as I was sitting on my deck. It appeared as a white funnel I then observed a white bright oval shape orb traveling west to east.

Idaho Light

Oldtown on December 9, 2022, at 2345 hours I was standing near my police vehicle at 28 degrees, and I saw a bright orange glowing cigar flying towards me. I took a flash photo and it made a left turn and flew west faster than a plane .

Illinois Object

Harwood heights May 28, 2021, sitting on my rooftop deck I noticed a black object moving NW through the above the landing path for planes landing at O’Hare airport. It appears very small or distant.

Iowa Object

Ottumwa on December 3, 2022, went outside to smoke and noticed a bright trail above going almost straight up, then when it reached a certain height, it shifted and went left and I lost visual pretty quickly.

Mississippi Circle

Pascagoula on April 26, 2022, I was cutting the grass behind a church with a zero turn mower. Saw strange lights that looked like a large flower above the church and 3 orbs of light. Later, saw in daylight circular grass shape about 12 feet in diameter that was very noticeably greener and taller than other grass.

Nevada Lights

Reno on December 6, 2022 at 8:48 PM, we were driving on McCarran and witnessed 3 floating orbs that were glowing and moved in unison with one another. After 3 minutes, two of the lights disappeared.

New Jersey Lights

Newark on August 18, 2021, I saw an orb slowly hover over the top of Applebee’s and then stop. It looked like a mist over metallic chrome. I’m a marine and knew it was not a human craft and got weird mark on my forearm.

North Carolina Red Light

Erwin on December 12, 2022, d riving I 26 west atnd the Moon was bright an shining on the side of the ship that moved in front of the Moon block the Moon light out clearly could see outline of a huge ship.

Ohio Blue Light

Broadview Heights on November 30 , 2022, saw 2 horizontal lines and one looked like Spacelink. Other was blue with square blocks when zoomed in on phone. Weird.

Virginia Light

Boston on November 30, 2022, hovering light is changing colors and moves in various directions. I have been seeing these for a while now. My daughter and sister next door have seen them as well.

Washington Lights

Portland Airport on June 13 2013, I can see to Clackamas hill at 10:17 pm, and watch planes taking off from PDX with 8 lights flying slow above perfectly in formation. I don’t know if they are lights or planes in the clouds.

Worldwide UFO Sightings

Australia Object

Adelaide on November 24, 2022, witnessed two objects pass by an Alliance jet aircraft from Adelaide to Brisbane.

Canada Object

L’islet on November 7, 2012, my mother had asked me to find photos taken by my Father for his death card Looking through hundred of photos I found this one. It is above the water, but it is strange and could be a UFO.

Estonia Object

Maardu on June 24, 2019, took photos with a Redmi 7 Note phone of a glowing cloud for an hour and a half of UFO in the photos. ball of light. Object with many surrounding lights is clearly visible.

France Object

Challain La Potherie on October 21, 2022, I heard a helicopter hovering around my house Out of curiosity I took a picture of it. By enlarging the photo I saw a black sphere above the device This black dot does not appear on other photos I confirm that I did not fake this photo

Challain La Potherie on November 21, 2022, I heard a helicopter hovering around my house and took a picture of it. By enlarging the photo I saw a black sphere above the device.

Russia Light

Сосновый Бор on November 17, 2022, taken by Xiaomi MIUI found an incomprehensible object, possibly a UFO. I encountered UFOs 3 times, but they looked different Leningrad region at 16.12.

UK/England Object

Newport on August 11, 2022, took a photo as I didn’t know what it was.

Market Drayton on June 17, 2022, square metallic object hovered and moved slowly off to SW. Appeared to have appendages underneath but no wings/propellers. Completely silent. Sighting lasted 1 minute

Uk/Scotland Object

Glasgow on November 20 , 2022, various unusual contrails visible in sky and saw there is an unidentified aerial phenomena trying to hide within far left contrail (arrow) in image.

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Filer’s Files is copyrighted 2022 by George A. Filer, all rights reserved. Readers may post the COMPLETE files on their Web Sites if they credit the newsletter and its editor by name, and list the date of issue. These reports and comments are not necessarily the OFFICIAL MUFON viewpoint. Send your letters to Majorstar@verizon.net

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Filer’s Files salutes our fighting men and women Georgie Filer and Eddie Pedrick my grandsons who both drowned. These files could not be published without the help of my beloved wife who cooks, cleans, washes, etc., and manages the finances. We pray that God will bless those who read these files spiritually.

InSight spacecraft proves Mars experiences earthquakes just like Earth and discovers 450 quivers in a year - suggesting there may be life on the Red Planet.

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NASA's Insight mission has ENDED: Mars lander declared a 'dead bus' after its solar-powered batteries ran out of energy

NASA has officially ended its Insight mission on Mars after the lander did not respond to two communication attempts
Scientists said the lander was covered in dust, which made it impossible for the solar batteries to charge
The last time Insight communicated with Earth was December 15, but the team plans to keep listening for a signal 'just in case'

By STACY LIBERATORE FOR DAILYMAIL.COM and JONATHAN CHADWICK FOR MAILONLINE

NASA has bid farewell to Insight after more than four years of service.

Mission controller announced the demise of the Mars lander Wednesday after two failed attempts to contact the craft.

The team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) said the cause of death was the craft's batteries that ran out of power - a state engineers call a 'dead bus.'

The last time the lander communicated with Earth was December 15, but mission control had previously decided to declare the mission over if Insight missed two communications attempts.

The official Insight Twitter account posted Tuesday what was believed to be the last photo snapped by lander with a Mars lander.

NASA shared a pictured of Insight on Tuesday (pictured), saying this might be the last image from the Mars lander because its batteries were not charging

Insight detected more than 1,300 marsquakes with its French-built seismometer, including several caused by meteoroid strikes, since landing on Mars in 2018.

Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator of NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington, said in a statement: 'I watched the launch and landing of this mission, and while saying goodbye to a spacecraft is always sad, the fascinating science InSight conducted is cause for celebration.

'The seismic data alone from this offers tremendous insights not just into Mars but other rocky bodies, including Earth.'

InSight lander detects hundreds of 'Marsquakes' suggesting the Red Planet could be harboring alien life

Insight's final image shows its seismometer, the Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure (SEIS), a round, dome-shaped instrument.

SEIS has been sitting on the Martian surface to take the 'pulse' or seismic vibrations and provide a glimpse into the planet's internal activity.

InSight also carries two engineering cameras – one mounted on the arm (known as IDC) and the other on the front of the lander (known as ICC), which took this final image.

Earlier this summer, the lander had so little remaining power that the mission turned off Insight's other science instruments to keep the seismometer running.

NASA even turned off the fault protection system that would otherwise automatically shut down the seismometer if the system detected that the lander's power generation was dangerously low.

Insight was tasked with studying the deep interior of Mars to learn how all celestial bodies with rocky surfaces formed, including those on Earth and the moon.

It was only meant to operate for two years, but its mission was extended to four years after it was found to have 'produced exceptional science' by an independent review panel.

Even from the mission's outset, it was clear to NASA staff that it wouldn't be as long-lasting as some of the agency's other projects.

It was known that its solar panels would eventually get covered in Martian dust, making it hard to generate power.

NASA said fitting it with some mechanism that removed the dust 'would have added cost, mass and complexity' that could have hindered its success.

NASA said the scientific results and discoveries obtained by Insight 'has answered many questions, and posed new ones for future explorers.'

NASA shared the final image of the lander as the sun was setting on Mars

Sadly, Martian dust carried by the wind has gradually been gathering on Insight's solar panels, making it hard to generate power. The lander is pictured above in December 2018

Insight landed near Mars' equator on the western side of a flat expanse of lava, Elysium Planitia – and shortly after tweeted its first image

These include the detection of the first quakes on another planet, including the most recent one in May this year.

This Marsquake had an estimated magnitude of 5, with vibrations reverberating through the planet for at least six hours.

Insight also showed that the planet's crust is thinner than expected – about 15 to 25 miles (25 to 40 kilometers) thick, comprising three internal layers.

Laurie Leshin, director of JPL, which manages the mission, said: 'InSight has more than lived up to its name.

'As a scientist who's spent a career studying Mars, it's been a thrill to see what the lander has achieved, thanks to an entire team of people across the globe who helped make this mission a success.

'Yes, it's sad to say goodbye, but InSight's legacy will live on, informing and inspiring.'

Insight's top science results

Detected first quake on another planet

Insight made the first-ever detection of quakes on the Red Planet.

Its onboard seismometer has measured over 1,300 seismic events.

The most recent one, in May 2022, had an estimated magnitude of 5, with vibrations reverberating through the planet for at least six hours.

New information about Mars' three major layers

Insight gathered new information about Mars' three major layers - the crust, mantle and core.

Scientists found that the crust beneath InSight is thinner than expected – about 15 to 25 miles (25 to 40 kilometers) thick, comprising three internal layers.

Found magnetic 'ghosts' from an old electrical field

Insight carried the first-ever magnetometer instrument to the Martian surface, enabling it to detect magnetic signals.

In its early history, Mars had electrical currents flowing inside its molten metal core as the planet cooled rapidly.

That global magnetic field is gone but left behind ghosts: traces of this ancient field 'frozen' in the crustal rocks.

InSight's magnetometer found that ancient rocks between 200 feet (61 meters) and several miles below ground are strongly magnetized.

Read more here

Read more:

NASA Retires InSight Mars Lander Mission After Years of Science | NASA

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LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 21/12/2022

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 21/12/2022

Spacewalk postponed by Russian space debris - Space Station maneuver needed

The detection of space debris from a Russian Fregat upper stage near the International Space Station has postponed U.S. spacewalk 83 that was scheduled to occur on Dec. 21, 2022.

Full Story:

https://www.space.com/russian-space-d...

U.S. Spacewalk 83 will see astronauts Josh Cassada and Frank Rubio installing an ISS Roll Out Solar Array (iROSA) on the "4A power channel on the port truss," according to NASA.

Credit: NASA

Spacewalkers install new roll out solar array on space station in animation

U.S. Spacewalk 83 will see astronauts Josh Cassada and Frank Rubio installing an ISS Roll Out Solar Array (iROSA) on the "4A power channel on the port truss," according to NASA. See an animation of the installation.

Watch the spacewalk live starting at 6:30am ET on Dec. 21, 2022:

https://www.space.com/nasa-astronauts...

Credit: NASA

Ingenuity soars again on Mars! See flight 37 & 36 footage + stats

NASA's Mars helicopter Ingenuity was back at it again this month with flights on Dec. 17 and Dec. 10. See images and stats from the latest flight and the entire previous flight.

Mars helicopter Ingenuity aces 36th Red Planet flight:

https://www.space.com/mars-helicopter...

Credit: Space.com | footage and graphics: NASA/JPL-Caltech | edited by Steve Spaleta (https://twitter.com/stevespaleta)

China's rover moves on Mars in awesome video, with AUDIO of deployment!

See footage of China's Zhurong rover moving on the Martian surface. It was captured by a camera the rover deployed on Mars. Also, listen to audio the rover recorded during it deployment onto the surface and descent footage!

Full Story: https://www.space.com/china-mars-rove...

The Zhurong rover landed on Mars in May 2021.

Credit: Space.com | footage courtesy: China Central Television / CNSA | produced & edited by Steve Spaleta (http://www.twitter.com/stevespaleta)

Pieces of Missing Spy Plane Found | The Bermuda Triangle: Into Cursed Waters (Season 1)

The team travels to the edge of the Bermuda Triangle to investigate a missing spy plane. See more in this clip from Season 1, "Top Secret Deep."

Watch new episodes of The Bermuda Triangle: Into Cursed Waters, Tuesdays at 10/9c, and stay up to date on all of your favorite The HISTORY Channel shows at history.com/schedule.

#TheBermudaTriangleCursedWaters

UFO COLLISION IN MID-AIR | The Proof Is Out There

An eyewitness spots two aircrafts almost colliding with each other in mid-air. See more in this clip from 3, "Marble Mountain Bigfoot, Waldek Mine Whispers, and UFO Buzzes Jet."

#TheProofIsOutThere

InSight's Final Important Discovery on Mars

The entire InSight mission from start to finish, plus everything it discovered.

Artist impression of InSight at work.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

NEW Displate Posters:

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Charon: Pluto's Eerie Twin

Play War Thunder for FREE on PC, PS®5, and Xbox Series X|S:

https://wtplay.link/geographicswtbonus .

Follow the link to download the game and get your massive, free bonus pack including vehicles, boosters, and more. See you in battle!

We tested the US Military’s secret space weapon

An engineer came up with a plan to drop tungsten telephone poles from space - the idea has been seriously considered on multiple occasions, so we tested it. This video is sponsored by Brilliant.

21-12-2022 om 21:03 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Inscription Finally Confirms Biblical Record of Hezekiah’s Tunnel

Photo of a replica of the previous Hezekiah’s tunnel inscription. Source: Public Domain

Inscription Finally Confirms Biblical Record of Hezekiah’s Tunnel

Two Israeli archaeologists have successfully deciphered an 8th century BC inscription that was left on a wall in an underground tunnel located just outside the walls of the City of David (ancient Jerusalem). The inscription references the deeds of the legendary King Hezekiah , matching certain passages from the Book of Kings and Book of Chronicles in the Hebrew Bible.

The task of deciphering the enigmatic lines, which were written in Old Hebrew script, was completed by Professor Gershon Galil, head of the Institute for Biblical Studies and Ancient History at Haifa University, and Eli Shukron from the Bible and Ancient History research institute.

According to Galil, the inscriptions include a summation of the King’s primary accomplishments during the first 17 years of his kingship, which began in the late 8th century BC and continued into the early 7th century BC. These inscriptions list Hezekiah’s accomplishments as an infrastructure builder, religious and political leader, military conqueror and accumulator of wealth.

Because of its age and contents, the inscription represents a one-of-a-kind discovery within the context of Israeli archaeology.

“These are actually the earliest manuscripts of the Bible,” Galil said in the Jerusalem Post . “They predate the Ketef Hinnom silver amulets by about 100 years and the Dead Sea Scrolls by hundreds of years. They also support the claim that scriptures in the Book of Kings are based on texts originating from chronicles and royal inscriptions, and that the Bible reflects historical reality and not imagination.”

A wall inside the Siloam tunnel is inscribed but yet to be fully deciphered. (Eli Shukrun/The Jerusalem Post)

A wall inside the Siloam tunnel is inscribed but yet to be fully deciphered.

(Eli Shukrun/ The Jerusalem Post )

Confirming Hezekiah’s Construction of the Siloam Tunnel

One of the events specifically referenced in the stone tablet’s inscription is the Siloam Tunnel water project, a celebrated infrastructure initiative that represents one of the most remarkable engineering feats of the ancient world.

The tunnel, which covered 1750 feet (533 meters), was designed to siphon waters from the Gihon Spring outside the walls of the City of David to the Pool of Siloam inside those walls. The construction of the tunnel was believed to have been a response to the military threat presented by the Assyrians during Hezekiah’s reign. In case the City of David were to come under siege, the tunnel would guarantee continued access to fresh water from outside the city.

The theory that King Hezekiah ordered the construction of the Siloam Tunnel water project has been widely accepted, but still considered unproven. Some academics have suggested the tunnel was actually built 100 years before the time of Hezekiah. But the newly decoded inscriptions would seem to put the issue to rest once and for all.

“Hezekiah, the son of Ahaz, king of Judah, made the pool and the conduit, in the seventeenth year, in the second (day), in the fourth (month),” the deciphered inscription says in its first two lines.

By Galil’s calculation, this means it was completed in the year 709 BC. Hezekiah is believed to have ascended to the throne in about 726 BC, so it seems he must have ordered the construction of the tunnel in the very early days of his reign.

Left; Hezekiah's Tunnel (Tamar Hayardeni/ CC BY 3.0) Right; Hand-colored photo/print of the site of the Pool of Siloam. (c. 1865) Public Domain)

Left; Hezekiah's Tunnel ( Tamar Hayardeni/ CC BY 3.0 ) Right; Hand-colored photo/print of the site of the Pool of Siloam. (c. 1865)

Public Domain )

Hezekiah’s Tunnel? The Truth is Revealed

The Gihon Spring was an underground water source located outside the walls of the ancient City of David (ancient Jerusalem). Its presence made the settlement of the City possible, and it was connected to the areas of settlement by a series of tunnels that allowed access to the spring in some cases and diversion of its water flow in others.

The story of how the Siloam Tunnel was built was revealed in 1880, when explorers in the now-dry underground aqueduct found an inscription on a wall that described the process in detail. But this inscription didn’t contain any text that would prove conclusively that it was built during the time of Hezekiah, as the Bible states in the Book of Kings and Book of Chronicles.

In 1909, another set of engravings was found on a rock wall in an access tunnel leading to the entrance of the Siloam Tunnel. But on initial examination this appeared to include only the frames used to surround inscriptions, with nothing written inside of them. The final verdict was that someone had intended to inscribe something here, but for one reason or another had never gotten around to it.

But Eli Shukron, long recognized as one of the most knowledgeable of all the archaeologists who’ve performed excavations in ancient Jerusalem, wasn’t so sure. He believed there might be faint inscriptions inside the frames that had not previously been detected, because they weren’t obvious to the naked eye. To prove his theory, Shukron recruited Gerston Galil to help him study the rock wall engravings more carefully.

“We took high-quality photos of these ‘frames,’ Professor Galil explained. “It soon became clear that there were indeed exciting and surprising texts there.”

Inscription 3 has the names and deeds of the biblical King Hezekiah of Judah in ancient Israel. (Eli Shukrun/The Jerusalem Post)

Inscription 3 has the names and deeds of the biblical King Hezekiah of Judah in ancient Israel.

(Eli Shukrun/ The Jerusalem Post )

Through their enterprising work, the Israeli archaeologists overturned a consensus that had held sway for more than a century.

“It turned out that there is an extremely impressive inscription there. Though eroded by time, the vast majority of the letters are legible,” Galil said.

In total the newly discovered inscriptions included 11 lines of text, which the archaeologists were able to comprehend in their entirety.

Galil explained that the ancient text was divided into five sections, arranged in literary rather than chronological order. These included the title of the inscription, referencing King Hezekiah, an accounting of his construction of the Siloam water project, a brief mention of his most notable military success (“he smote the Philistines from Ekron to Gaza”), lines about his actions as a religious reformer, and finally a boast about his wealth and the wealth of his kingdom, describing how he’d accumulated “a lot of silver and gold, perfumes and good ointment” in his treasure houses.

“This is an extremely important discovery that changes [some basic assumptions of] research, since until today it was commonly accepted that the kings of Israel and Judah, unlike the kings of the ancient Middle East, did not make themselves royal inscriptions and monuments… to commemorate their achievements,” Galil said.

Even More Confirmatory Evidence Emerges

The results of this new analysis seem conclusive. But Professors Galil and Shukron have produced an additional piece of evidence linking Hezekiah with the Siloam Tunnel . This is in the form of a small rock tablet, which contains a short inscription in Old Hebrew script that the two archaeologists were able to recently decipher, after more than a decade of determined effort.

Hezekiah inscription in Jerusalem (Photo: Vladimir Neichin, Elad foundation)

Hezekiah inscription in Jerusalem

(Photo: Vladimir Neichin, Elad foundation)

The palm-sized tablet was discovered by Eli Shukron and another colleague in a man-made pool inside the Siloam Tunnel in 2007. It was mixed in with a collection of pottery shards that were dated to the 8th century BC.

The artifact contained just two lines of inscribed text, which Galil and Shukron have now translated into modern language. According to the archaeologists, this ancient writing says the following:

“Hezekiah built the pool in Jerusalem.”

So in a very short period of time, the same two archaeologists have produced two separate translations of ancient writings that show King Hezekiah was indeed responsible for the construction of the Siloam water project, as most scholars have long believed.

“In these new inscriptions, there are answers to many issues that scholars have debated for years,” Professor Galil said, speaking of the results of his and Professor Shukron’s work in total. “The inscriptions are evidence that Hezekiah carried out a comprehensive reform (before 709 BC) and even that he conquered Philistia, especially Ekron, and stationed soldiers there (in 712 BC). Moreover, Hezekiah is indeed the king who built the pool and the Siloam Tunnel and not others.”

The contents of the inscriptions and the story of how they were discovered and eventually deciphered will be revealed in full in an upcoming book entitled “The Inscriptions of Hezekiah King of Judah,” which Galil and Shukron will be co-authoring.

Top image: Photo of a replica of the previous Hezekiah’s tunnel inscription
Source: Public Domain

By Nathan Falde

21-12-2022 om 01:39 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ARCHEOLOGIE ( E, Nl, Fr )

We Could Spread Life to the Milky Way With Comets. But Should We?

Gerald Rhemann captured this incredible image of Comet Leonard when a piece of the comet's tail was disconnected and carried away. Rhemann won Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2022 for the image. Image Credit: Gerald Rhemann

BY EVAN GOUGH

We Could Spread Life to the Milky Way With Comets. But Should We?

Here’s a thorny problem: What if life doesn’t always appear on planets that can support it? What if we find more and more exoplanets and determine that some of them are habitable? What if we also determine that life hasn’t appeared on them yet?

Could we send life-bringing comets to those planets and seed them with terrestrial life? And if we could do that, should we?

This is the question that a new research article in the journal Astrobiology explores. The paper is “Directed Panspermia Using Interstellar Comets.” The authors are Christopher P. McKay, Paul C.W. Davies, and Simon P. Worden. They’re from NASA’s Ames Research Center, the Beyond Center for Fundamental Concepts in Science at Arizona State University, and Breakthrough Initiatives, respectively.

The idea that life spreads throughout the Universe is called panspermia. (Ancient Greek: pan meaning all and sperma meaning seed.) It’s not a new idea. The Greek philosopher Anaxagoras first proposed it back in the 5th century BCE. He wasn’t explicit about it but mentioned that seeds might be part of the Universe. Historians have put two and two together to divine what he meant. Basically, according to panspermia, life exists throughout the Universe and was spread by asteroids, comets, and even space dust—seeds, according to Anaxagoras.

Some researchers have proposed that powerful impacts on planets like Earth or Mars could eject microbe-carrying rocks into space. Mars has lower gravity than Earth, and we know that impacts on Mars have sent rock into space. We’ve found over 270 of them on Earth. Since it happened on Mars, it would’ve happened in other cases and in other solar systems.

We also suspect Mars was inhabited by microbes billions of years ago. This is speculative, but Martian microbes could’ve hitched a ride on impact-ejected rocks and been sufficiently sheltered from the hazards in space to endure a long journey. Eventually, the rock could’ve crashed into another body, and if the heat from the impact didn’t wipe out any surviving microbes and if the body they crashed into was hospitable, life could theoretically spread this way. Multiply that idea by the immense number of collisions in solar systems throughout the Milky Way, and the panspermia idea starts to take shape.

That’s accidental, or natural, panspermia. But if a civilization did this on purpose, it’s called directed panspermia. That’s the subject of the paper, and the civilization is ours.

We don’t know how life originated on Earth. We know some of the necessary conditions, but our knowledge is full of gaps. So by extension, we don’t know how it could originate on other worlds. “We have a scant idea of the appropriate geological/chemical setting for non-life to transform into life, with most of the popular scenarios being largely unproven and no consensus has emerged,” the authors point out.

We know life exists, obviously, and we suspect it may exist elsewhere. But we don’t know if all planets that can support life have life on them. “It may well be that a favourable location for life’s origin is very different from a planetary environment in which life might be successfully sustained over the long term,” the authors write.

Panspermia doesn’t address the question of how life started. It asks us to consider how life might spread from world to world in the Milky Way rather than appear on each world separately. The Milky Way galaxy contains around 200 billion stars. 200 billion stars is an awful lot of solar systems, planets, asteroid belts, Kuiper Belts, and Oort Clouds. If panspermia does occur, it has lots of opportunities.

Our Solar System is a puzzle, and each planet and moon is a piece of it. Mars likely had life in the past, but not anymore, unless it’s somewhere underground, sheltered from the inhospitable surface. There’s intriguing evidence that some of the icy moons, like Enceladus and Europa, have hospitable oceans under thick ice caps. And distant, frigid, Titan is the only body besides Earth with liquid on its surface, though it’s not water. Then there’s itself, a planet that “ripples with life,” in Carl Sagan’s words. Could panspermia be the thread that somehow connects all these pieces?

One of our Solar System’s puzzles is life on Earth and how rapidly it appeared. The young Earth was barely habitable when life appeared. Cellular life might date back as far as 3.95 billion years ago. At that time, Earth had just emerged from the Hadean eon, when our young, barely recognizable planet was wrapped in a thick, carbon dioxide atmosphere and ruled by super-heated conditions.

Some scientists wonder how endogenous life could have appeared so soon after the Hadean. Though there’s a lack of clarity, this thinking does support the idea of panspermia, at least potentially. Earth and other young planets might be able to support life seeded by panspermia before their own life could appear.

Earth's Hadean Eon is a bit of a mystery to us because geologic evidence from that time is scarce. Tiny zircon grains in ancient rocks in Australia provide most of our clues. But we know it was hot and inhospitable. Could life have emerged so soon after the Hadean? Credit: NASA

Earth’s Hadean Eon is a bit of a mystery to us because geologic evidence from that time is scarce. Tiny zircon grains in ancient rocks in Australia provide most of our clues. But we know it was hot and inhospitable. Could life have emerged so soon after the Hadean?

Credit: NASA

Modern thinkers have fleshed out the panspermia idea in detail. We may soon be able to characterize all of the exoplanets in a 100-light-year sphere centred on our Solar System. There are nascent proposals to send spacecraft carrying terrestrial life to any planets that could harbour it. These are largely thought experiments, but time has a way of passing, and someday humanity may have to wrestle with the idea more realistically.

The authors point out that this idea is physically possible (With lots of caveats.) But what about the expense? What about spacecraft reliability?

Nature already produces objects capable of long interstellar voyages: comets. They’ve become part of the discussion around directed panspermia and form the bulk of this research article. “In this article, we build on the foregoing research and propose the concept of directed panspermia using interstellar comets as opposed to dedicated spacecraft,” the authors explain.

“Until recently, the idea that humans could literally sow the seeds of a cosmic transformation having multi-million-year downstream consequences would have been regarded as absurd. But the discovery of interstellar comets has changed all that.”
From “Directed Panspermia Using Interstellar Comets.”

The article is motivated by specific events from the last few years. In 2017, the interstellar object ‘Oumuamua passed through our Solar System. Two years later, the interstellar comet 2I/Borisov also briefly visited our Solar System. They were the first two observed interstellar objects (ISOs) to pass through our system, making Borisov the first comet we’ve seen doing so. These occurrences beg the two-pronged question, how many more ISOs have/will make the same journey?

Artist's impression of `Oumuamua. According to some research, the object is composed of molecular hydrogen ice, which explains its cigar-like shape. Unfortunately, we don't have good images of the ISO. Credit: ESO/M. Kornmesser

Artist’s impression of `Oumuamua. According to some research, the object is composed of molecular hydrogen ice, which explains its cigar-like shape. Unfortunately, we don’t have good images of the ISO.

Credit: ESO/M. Kornmesser

The discovery of two ISOs in such a short period of time is a result of our technological advancements and the large number of telescopes that watch the skies. There were certainly many others in the Solar System’s long history, and there will be many more in the future. They are likely common, and they present an opportunity, according to the authors.

“Interstellar comets enable low-cost directed panspermia that is potentially wide in scope in terms of the number of possible probes and range ultimately covered,” they write. A 2021 study predicted that a total of about 6.9 objects like 2I/Borisov per year should pass within one AU of the Sun. When the Vera Rubin Observatory comes online sometime in 2023, we’ll start finding these ISOs, maybe five per year.

Comet Borisov is particularly interesting to the authors. Its size is uncertain, but estimates put it as large as 16 km in diameter. That makes it large enough to shelter an inoculant from radiation. It lost mass during its journey through the inner Solar System, but that’s actually good. The dust it left behind “… can be a mechanism for disseminating inoculum,” they explain.

A Hubble image of comet 2I/Borisov speeding through our Solar System.

Credit: NASA/ESA/D. Jewitt (UCLA)

The authors explain how comets like Borisov could be used to spread life throughout the Milky Way. Panspermia by ISO would be a combination of natural and directed panspermia. “It combines them effectively, using interstellar comets as transporters of opportunity by adding biological inoculum to the comet without attempting to change its trajectory,” they explain.

The ideal inoculum would be a collection of life forms that could successfully seed different habitats on different exoplanets. “Inoculum for planets with liquid water on the surface, such as Earth and early Mars, may be set to develop rapidly into diverse and complex life evolving in tandem with the planetary environment,” the authors write. For moons like Enceladus, Earthly methanogens might be the most suitable inoculum.

The inoculum needn’t be restricted to single-celled organisms. Small multicellular organisms might make the most sense, at least in some instances. The hardy tardigrades appear in the paper because they can survive the vacuum and radiation in space.

In our Solar System, long-period comets come from the Oort Cloud and are sent into the inner Solar System by passing stars or other objects. But some of them are sent out into interstellar space, and the same thing happens in other solar systems. That's probably where comet 2I/Borisov originated. Image Credit: NAOJ

Image Credit: NAOJ

If humanity ever undertakes a program of directed panspermia, genetically-modified organisms might play a role. That technology will probably be necessary because there could be a wide variety of habitable worlds that are nothing like Earth. We have them in our Solar System, and the best example might be Titan. It’s the only body other than Earth with surface liquid. “But as synthetic biotechnology advances, we might be able to construct life forms that could thrive on Titan and in other non-water habitats discovered on exoplanets in the future,” the authors explain.

This colourized mosaic from NASA's Cassini mission shows the most complete view yet of Titan's northern land of lakes and seas. Saturn's moon Titan is the only world in our solar system other than Earth that has stable liquid on its surface. The liquid in Titan's lakes and seas is mostly methane and ethane. Image Credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech / Agenzia Spaziale Italiana / USGS

This colourized mosaic from NASA’s Cassini mission shows the most complete view yet of Titan’s northern land of lakes and seas. Saturn’s moon Titan is the only world in our solar system other than Earth that has stable liquid on its surface. The liquid in Titan’s lakes and seas is mostly methane and ethane.

Image Credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech / Agenzia Spaziale Italiana / USGS

“… merely dropping a few microbes on a habitable but otherwise barren planet would not successfully seed it.”
From “Directed Panspermia Using Interstellar Comets.”

This could all be a wasted effort, and the authors acknowledge that. Is it really as simple as plopping some life forms onto a planet? “A serious argument that might be advanced against panspermia stems from the point of view that life is a planetary phenomenon forming a complex globally distributed web of interdependent organisms that exchange material and information,” they write. “Therefore, merely dropping a few microbes on a habitable but otherwise barren planet would not successfully seed it.”

In that case, the inoculum would have to be a much more custom design. It would have to be a web of its own, designed for a specific environment, that could successfully implement the relationships between life forms that characterize biospheres like Earth’s. That’s a difficult proposition. “Determining the minimal subset of organisms required is a formidable challenge that may require significant advances in our understanding of the web of life.”

Panspermia is far from proven. But scientists keep finding more and more evidence of life's building blocks in space, including the simple amino glycine on comets. Image Credit: NASA

Panspermia is far from proven. But scientists keep finding more and more evidence of life’s building blocks in space, including the simple amino glycine on comets.

Image Credit: NASA

But things get really tricky when we imagine a future where all of this starts to become possible. We’ll be exploring some of Jupiter’s icy moons soon, and a mission to Titan will likely become a reality. What will we find? If they’re barren but look like they can support life, will we be tempted?

Some familiar, uncomfortable questions arise. The more powerful our technologies become, the more far-reaching the consequences of using them. Technological advancements like genetic modification and climate engineering engender powerful responses as people consider how they could go wrong. These concerns would “… carry over with a vengeance to the purposeful dissemination of life across the galaxy,” the authors write.

‘Now them crazy scientists want to plow ahead and start messing with the entire galaxy,’ some will think, and we can see the headlines and opinion pieces in our mind’s eyes. But we’re nowhere near doing any of this so we can pull ourselves back from the ledge and think soberly about it.

A critical question around directed panspermia poses itself before we even get to the questions of ‘can we’ or ‘should we.’ We simply don’t know how many planets that could support life actually have life. “Astrobiological optimists tend to assume that habitable planets are very likely to be inhabited,” the authors write. But that’s only an assumption.

With all we don’t know, it’s entirely possible that only a tiny fraction of habitable planets and moons have life on them. Maybe there are a billion or more planets and moons that can support life, like blank canvasses, but natural panspermia hasn’t reached them yet. “… it is entirely possible that only an exceedingly small fraction of all habitable planets actually hosts life,” the authors point out.

What if panspermia is a natural part of the Universe, and since we’re a natural part of the Universe, we have a role to play in spreading life? Maybe we even have the duty to do so. Maybe Earth was seeded by directed panspermia. Maybe a long-dead civilization faced what we’re facing now and decided to go for it.

That’s a lot of maybes, but that’s the nature of these questions. Another maybe is that this may be how it goes for civilizations. Maybe civilizations never become the advanced types laid out in the Kardashev Scale. Maybe they reach a point, one that’s quickly approaching for humanity, where the Great Filter looms over all our affairs. Maybe, when civilizations reach that point, all they can do is try to spread life. And the decision might have to be made long before we understand exactly what’s going on with life in the galaxy.

That’s a whole bunch of maybes strung together on an uncertain trajectory. But there’s another string of maybes and what-ifs that leads to caution when we follow it, and the authors outline these concerns.

What if we send life to a planet thinking it’s uninhabited, but it’s only at the very beginning of hosting life? In that case, our good intentions might end in disaster, as that planet’s life is snuffed out by Terran life that outcompetes it.

Artist's concept of Kepler-69c, a super-Earth-size planet in the habitable zone of a star like our sun, located about 2,700 light-years from Earth in the constellation Cygnus. That's an awfully long way away, but we'll likely find planets like it much closer. Could they be targets for directed panspermia? Image Credit: NASA

Artist’s concept of Kepler-69c, a super-Earth-size planet in the habitable zone of a star like our sun, located about 2,700 light-years from Earth in the constellation Cygnus. That’s an awfully long way away, but we’ll likely find planets like it much closer. Could they be targets for directed panspermia?

Image Credit: NASA

What if we base our panspermia decisions on biosignatures, but our understanding of biosignatures is too biased towards Earth life? That could also end in disaster as our robust, genetically engineered microbes committed a uni-cellular atrocity and wiped out the planet’s existing life.

Or, our life-bearing comet might find an appropriate uninhabited target and successfully seed it with microbe-carrying dust. But what if it didn’t stop there and seeded other planets that were already inhabited? That’s another disaster, as our good intentions manifest as an invasion or even a weapon.

The situation quickly grows complex. But it leads us back to questions about exactly what happened on Earth.

Early Earth life bubbled along for a long time before photosynthesis appeared. That changed everything, as oxygen became more concentrated in the atmosphere and complex life appeared and took over the planet. What if the genetic ability to perform photosynthesis was seeded through panspermia, either directed or natural? What if life on Earth never made the energy-exploiting jump to photosynthesis without a boost from panspermia?

We’ve got a lot more to learn about comets before any of this even approaches practicality. In 2019, the ESA selected the Comet Interceptor mission from among several candidate missions. They hope to launch it in 2029. The Interceptor will sit and wait at the Sun-Earth L₂ point for a suitable Long Period Comet (LPC) to approach the inner Solar System. By 2029, we’ll have more powerful telescopes that can identify a good comet long before it reaches the inner Solar System.

When one is found, the Comet Interceptor will deploy two smaller probes to intercept the comet. The mission is purely scientific. LPCs are pristine objects, holders of clues to the origins of our Solar System. The probes will study the comet in detail and create a rich 3D model of the comet and the region that surrounds it as it moves through space.

An artist’s overview of the mission concept for the Comet Interceptor spacecraft. We need to know a lot more about comets before panspermia is ever a thing. Image Credit: ESA

An artist’s overview of the mission concept for the Comet Interceptor spacecraft. We need to know a lot more about comets before panspermia is ever a thing.

Image Credit: ESA

There will likely be many more comet-exploring missions in the near future. We’ll keep learning about them and which ones might serve as vehicles for panspermia. As time marches on, we’ll get closer to executing some sort of panspermia strategy. Maybe circumstances will force our hand.

The authors say that the idea of directed panspermia has migrated from the outright absurd to something that needs to be thought of more seriously, and the discovery of interstellar comets is responsible. “Until recently, the idea that humans could literally sow the seeds of a cosmic transformation having multi-million-year downstream consequences would have been regarded as absurd,” they write. “But the discovery of interstellar comets has changed all that.”

In their article, the authors outline their vision of a biological Universe. Panspermia’s objective “… is to enhance the richness and diversity of life in the universe,” they say. We don’t have the technology to do it, but future generations will. “Although we currently lack the technology to harness these comets as biological delivery vehicles, there is no difficulty in understanding what is needed to do so and in refining the strategy to achieve the goal of seeding the galaxy with life suitably constructed to thrive in a variety of exoplanetary environments.”

That’s a positive outlook, but there’s a haunting aspect to panspermia, too. All stars burn out and fade away, and no world remains hospitable forever. Maybe natural panspermia leaves too much to chance, and we have a duty to spread life wherever we can because every instance of life faces extinction.

From that vantage point, is there really any difference between directed and natural panspermia? Maybe we’re agents of nature, and we’ll know it’s the right thing to do when we know it’s the right thing to do. Maybe the Great Filter will force our hand, and we’ll take a bold step. Humanity’s boldest step and defining act might be spreading life elsewhere, hoping it can find hospitable cradles throughout the galaxy. The cycle can continue, and life can persist.

Panspermia could be our grand gesture and a tip of the hat to life before we fade away. If it were a scene in a science fiction film, the setting would be a dying, resource-depleted Earth, with its biosphere in tatters and its aging Sun bathing it all in an eerie light. The last few hundred thousand bedraggled humans would gather what resources they could and build one last spacecraft. They’d watch the flare of a rocket one last time, loaded with inoculant and headed for a rendezvous with a suitable interstellar comet that’s passing through our inner Solar System.

That may sound melodramatic, but is there something more dramatic than birth and death on a galactic scale?

“Do not go gentle into that good night.
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.”

Now, back to your cubicle.

Research Article: Directed Panspermia Using Interstelr Comets
NASA Astrobiology: In Search of Panspermia
Universe Today: Asteroids are Dangerous, but They Might Also be the Key to Life on Earth

21-12-2022 om 01:10 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

20-12-2022

Mothership Over Sao Paulo, Brazil Dec 12, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Mothership Over Sao Paulo, Brazil Dec 12, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Dec 12, 2022

Location of sighting: Sao Paulo, Brazil

This is a video of an important event in Brazil. An eyewitness was driving and noticed an unusual disk light in the sky. The outer edge of the disk was lit up and the disk itself was nearly half a mile across! It was seen over the mountain for a few minutes and then disappeared. It looks as if aliens are deeply interested in Brazil. Since Brazil is against the ocean, it stands to reason that this UFO was heading to or from an under water alien base not far off shore. But the Amazon jungle could also hide an ancient base 5km below it.
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

Eyewitness states:

Mystery in the sky, I filmed this strange formation in the sky of Sao Paulo yesterday! It was around 9:45 PM local time in São Paulo Brazil when I drove my vehicle down this street and saw the strange formation in the sky, so I slowed down and decided to film it, I posted the video on a local page where many commented that they also saw such formation from other parts of the city. I had mixed feelings, I was both scared and dazzled by that vision, and it certainly wasn't a natural phenomenon but something unknown in the sky.

Plz visit eyewitness at

https://www.instagram.com/reel/CmCFuHorowz/ https://www.instagram.com/reel/CmCFuHorowz/

20-12-2022 om 23:44 geschreven door peter

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Crawling humanoid figure filmed at haunted National Trust country park in England

A dog walker claims she's captured footage of a 'demon ghost' crawling across the path in an infamous haunted National Trust country park in England - so shocking that it's turned her skeptical hubby into a 'believer'.

Hannah and Dave Rowett were walking their Labradors through the supposedly haunted forest in Clumber Park, Nottinghamshire, around 6.30am earlier this month when the mum 'felt they weren't alone'.

The 52-year-old quickly pulled out her phone and captured a 'scary' white silhouette crossing the path in front of her as she follows it with a torch.

The footage shows an odd white mist that quickly materializes into a form that resembles a figure which then hastily moves across the path in front of her before vanishing into thin air. Although she initially suspected that the anomaly was the spirit of a dog, Hannah now believes that it was humanoid in nature and mused that "it's quite demonic in the way it's crawling and has long limbs" reports CoasttoCoast.

20-12-2022 om 23:15 geschreven door peter

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UFO emerges from ocean off Coast California

A mysterious brightly glowing object moving at high speed through the water, low above the water or shallow under the water, was caught on a surveillance camera on the beach of Encinitas, California.

At some point the glowing object emerges from the water followed by a bright flash and disappears into thin air. When zoomed in on the bright flash it shows a triangular UFO.

It is again proof that UFOs disappear into the ocean, as well as take off again, especially in the area off coast California and Santa Catalina Island and San Clemente Island which islands are known for its many UFO sightings reported by the Navy and local residents over the years.

20-12-2022 om 23:03 geschreven door peter

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Latest UFO Sightings: Mysterious Lights Appear in Wisconsin Skies, Baffling Witnesses

On December 1, multiple witnesses in rural Wisconsin reported seeing strange lights in the sky. The lights were filmed from different locations and were described as white, glowing objects and multicolored lights flashing, swooping in circles, and darting across the sky. Some witnesses ruled out searchlights on the ground as a possible explanation for the phenomena. Some of the sightings occurred a few hours apart in different locations, including West Bend, Howard, and Greenfield.

In multiple videos shared by DailyMail.com, witnesses can be seen shooting videos of strange lights moving across the sky in rural Wisconsin on December 1. These include one who had a terrifying encounter with the lights.

The lights, which appeared to move at speeds of up to 150 mph, left the witnesses convinced that they saw a UFO. This case is different from other similar UFO sightings as it has multiple witnesses who were not acquainted with each other and captured the phenomenon at the same time.

The Daily Mail was able to obtain videos of the encounters from two individuals, who are identified as Ken and Kimberly, who are from West Bend and Fredonia, respectively.

According to Kimberly, she and her husband were driving home at around 10:45 pm when they saw the strange lights. She said that they initially thought that they saw a white owl. She noted that on rare occasions, they would see an animal fly past their headlights as they were driving on country roads.

They initially thought that the object was an animal until it flew past their car three times. They then noticed that the white lights in the sky were moving in the same direction. They initially thought that the object was an alien or something else.

As they were driving, she said that they started to see the lights as they were leaning forward into their car’s windshield. They couldn’t wrap their heads around what they saw. They watched the object for a couple of minutes before they could realize that it was moving. They then used their phones to record the incident.

According to Kimberly, the night was clear and normal in Wisconsin. She said that instead of the UFO lights shining from the ground, she thought that they were in the sky. In videos shared by Ken and Kimberly, they can see multiple lights appear in a row. A fifth appears from the left in the background as they circle together.

In one of Kimberly’s videos, the lights appeared in a tight cluster overhead, and they then split into multiple lights and flew away to the east. Ken, who was 54 years old at the time of the incident, started filming after he saw the lights in the sky over Fredonia, Wisconsin.

According to the weather data, there were no storms or clouds in the area that night. A federal air traffic controller noted that he did not see anything on radar. He was also not able to identify the aircraft that appeared in the sky. Another witness posted videos of the incident on Facebook, which were taken from outside her home.

In one of her videos, Andrea Lynn captured four different videos of the multicolored lights dancing across the sky.

In her post on her Facebook page, Andrea asked the people of Green Bay, Wisconsin, to share their observations about the mysterious lights.

The National Weather Service also informed her that they spotted the same lights a week later. In the first video, which was taken from a suburban sidewalk, a white light appears in the sky before disappearing. Three more lights then appear in a triangular shape before the central light disappears.

In the second video, a bright yellow light streaked across the sky before it stopped moving. It then speeds up and disappears as it flies away. In the third video, a blue light appears in the clouds. Two yellow lights then dance around the sky before abruptly darting away.

On December 2, Chris Nowak was driving with his family to West Allis, Wisconsin, to visit the Candycane Lane lights. This is a tradition for the family. While driving over Interstate 43 at around 6:55 pm, his wife saw the same strange lights.

According to Nowak, he was completely blown away by the phenomenon, which he described as a row of illumination. It appeared to be moving rapidly across the sky.

He and his family were able to see the lights for about 20 miles during their trip. He said that the phenomenon was moving from southwest to northeast across the sky. After five minutes, he decided to start filming the lights in a church parking lot. He captured what appeared to be a bright blue light as it hovered in the clouds. Then, multiple white lights streaked across the sky.

According to Nowak, the lights appeared as three different beams moving across the sky at an incredible speed. He dismissed the idea that searchlight installations were behind the phenomenon.

The strange looking objects in the videos caught the attention of a meteorologist friend, who couldn’t explain what exactly happened. Nowak shared the videos with the weather expert, who struggled to come up with a possible explanation. That night, two women driving on a road in Brighton, Michigan captured videos of the same lights.

Tasha Lynn and Kenna VanBrocklyn posted a video of the mysterious lights dancing in the clouds on their Facebook page. The strange phenomenon has caused some people to shout out their astonishment. Some believe the lights were searchlight installations or a light show at a country club.

Ben Hansen, a former FBI agent, first spotted the three individuals who were identified as Ken, Chris, and Kimberly on his television show UFO Witness. He conducted an investigation for DailyMail.com. Due to the totality of the situation, Hansen said that the case became more compelling.

According to Ben Hansen, a former FBI agent, he believed that the sightings of Ken and Kimberly were hard to explain away. He noted that there were several factors that didn’t add up to the explanation. For instance, there’s no evidence suggesting that searchlight installations have been permitted in the area, and the speed and intensity of the lights didn’t conform with current technology.

According to Hansen, the majority of reported sightings of UFOs are light anomalies instead of traditional shapes such as cylinders, triangles, and disks. These new sightings are similar to the reported sightings of the Foo Fighters in World War II and the lights that appeared over Washington DC in 1952.

20-12-2022 om 22:07 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Are Aliens Spying On NASA With A UFO In The Sky?

nasa aliens

Some people believe that a mysterious circle of light spotted over Houston led them to believe that a UFO was flying over the city.

NASA has a long history with the city of Houston, Texas, and residents are accustomed to seeing strange sights in the sky. However, one particular sighting in August 2014 left many people scratching their heads.

A resident of Houston stepped outside to film a building storm and captured footage of a circle of lights hovering in the sky. The object was clearly visible from the ground and appeared to be large. When the footage appeared online, people speculated about the possible causes of the anomaly. One theory was that it was simply light reflecting off the clouds. Another popular explanation was that it was an example of ball lightning, a rare and mysterious orb of light often associated with thunderstorms. However, the circular shape of the Houston anomaly made this theory unlikely.

As more people reported similar sightings in a range of different conditions, it became clear that the lights were not caused by the weather. Some speculated that the lights could be connected to an advanced NASA craft, such as the LDSD (low density supersonic decelerator), a flying saucer designed to help humans reach Mars. However, it was eventually suggested that the lights were simply street lights reflected off the wet road surface during the storm.

20-12-2022 om 21:48 geschreven door peter

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Unidentified Flying Objects Sighted in Crawley, UK: A Mystery to be Solved?

On the evening of December 17, 2022, a UFO sighting was reported in Crawley in UK. According to the witness, two bright orange lights were seen flying over a local school in the area. The lights were initially observed moving in one direction, but then stopped and hovered for a period of time before heading in the opposite direction and eventually disappearing.

A number of similar reports have been made around the world. Although some believe that these objects are alien visitors, others think that they might have been man-made phenomena. The public’s fascination with UFOs continues to grow as these sightings continue to captivate people’s imagination.

It’s worth noting that not all UFO sightings can be easily explained, and many reports remain unexplained to this day. While it is impossible to say for certain what the witness in Crawley saw on the evening of December 17, 2022, the report serves as a reminder of the enduring mystery surrounding these unexplained phenomena.

20-12-2022 om 21:38 geschreven door peter

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90,000 US UFO sightings gathered into one map

For decades now, people around the world have been fascinated by the mysterious and unsettling phenomenon of UFO sightings. While some believe that these objects are alien visitors, others think that they might be man-made or natural phenomena. Regardless of the reason for these sightings, it has become an annual curiosity for most people.

Now, a new map compiled by the National UFO Reporting Center (NUFORC) has brought this fascination to a whole new level by aggregating over 90,000 reports of UFO sightings dating back to 1905. The map, which can be found on the NUFORC website, displays each reported UFO as a circle, with the size of the circle representing the number of reports received for that particular sighting. As you might expect, the map is filled with clusters of UFO sightings, particularly in more populated areas.

One of the most interesting features of the map is its ability to track the evolution of UFO sightings over time. For instance, the chart below shows that while these sightings were rare during the 20th century, they became more common during the latter half of the decade. This continued into the 21st. More people reported sightings during the past few years.

Unfortunately, some of the reports on the map are not labeled as genuine sightings. These can be the result of hoaxes or misidentifications. However, the majority of these sightings are believed to be genuine.

Although it’s hard to predict exactly what the map will reveal about the future of UFO sightings, it can provide some interesting insight into the current state of affairs. For one, it shows that these objects are more common than people realize. Also, it suggests that these phenomena has been going on for a long time.

It should also be noted that the map doesn’t include every reported sighting of an unidentified flying object. This could be because these objects were either not credible or weren’t included due to their lack of credibility.

The map serves as a record of the continued fascination with this strange and unsettling phenomenon, as well as the possibility of alien life. Regardless of your beliefs about aliens, it’s still hard to deny that these objects continue to draw people’s attention. So, if you see something strange in the sky, you can also report it to us using this form.

2004: Chicago, Illinois

UFO sightings since 1905, around Chicago.

Max Galka/Metrocosm

UFOs clearly enjoy visiting the Windy City. For example, 77 people reported seeing a UFO on the night of October 31, 2004:

Witness No. 13 wrote:

Fire balls in the sky, form triangle, lasted 5 minutes.

Second Sighting 45 minutes later lasted 5 minutes. There were 3 Fire balls at 8:20pm they formed in a straight line in the east sky, then they formed into a triangle, one then moved quickly out of sight traveling North then the other two disappeared. What was strange about 45 minutes later another fireball appeared South east, just one , it also lasted about 5 minutes. I took pictures on my digital camera and have night vision video on both sightings , In the video it appears as a white ball, when you look in the sky it looks as tho they barely move, but when researching the video it is moving all over the place at at times it looked as tho it was right on top of the screen. In the pictures the camera captured the light movement which is very interesting. I blew the photos up on the computer and in some it looks like they wrote something. My daughter and I had the chills. I never experienced anything like this.

2009: Burlington, New Jersey

New Jersey.

Max Galka/Metrocosm

Witness No. 41 of 75, September 19, 2009:

Fishers Island, Long Island Sound there was a large lamp shade/flashlight light in the sky for 10 seconds+ it fadded away into the sk

Beach party early in the night. 20+ people saw most of the event. 10+ saw it "turn on" and then called out to the rest. There was a light in the sky like a huge lamp or a flash light. It was turned on over Long Island Sound and very obvious light. We saw it and then it faded slowly UP outward away from us. It did not go right, left or down, it just faded away. the light lingered in the sky for 20-30 seconds and everyone sort of got over it. It still bothered some of us. It was nothing like anyone had ever seen not a plane or satalite or anything people who live on an island and looking at the sky had ever seen.

It is dark and boring here, we all look at the sky all the time.

1997: Phoenix, Arizona

Arizona.

Max Galka/Metrocosm

UFO Sightings Abound Over United States Military Bases

UFO sightings over military bases in the United States have long been a source of fascination and speculation. According to data from the National UFO Reporting Center, there have been numerous reports of UFO sightings in the vicinity of military bases across the country. Some of these sightings have been accompanied by strange and unexplained phenomena, such as unexplained lights or strange aircraft behavior. While it is difficult to say for certain what these sightings represent, they have fueled speculation about the possibility of extraterrestrial activity or advanced military technology being tested. Regardless of the cause, these UFO sightings over military bases in the United States continue to pique the interest of UFO enthusiasts and the general public alike.

In the image below I’ve combined two images:

Map of 90.000 UFO sightings from 1905
Map of U.S. Military Bases

20-12-2022 om 21:29 geschreven door peter

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19-12-2022

Could Space-based Satellites Power Remote Mines?

BY ANDY TOMASWICK

Could Space-based Satellites Power Remote Mines?

Many space-based technologies are still looking for their “killer app” – the thing that they do better than anything else and makes them indispensable to whoever needs to have that app to solve a problem. At this point in the development of humanity, most of those killer apps will involve solving a problem back on Earth. Space-based solar power satellites are certainly one of those technologies.

They have the potential to fundamentally transform the energy industry here on Earth. But they need that one “killer app” to get people interested in investing in them. A study from a group of researchers at the Colorado School of Mines looked at one potential use case – powering remote mining sites that aren’t connected to any electric grid. Unfortunately, even at those extremes, solar power satellites aren’t yet economical enough to warrant the investment.

At first glance, remote mines would be an excellent candidate to be powered by a solar-power satellite. Many aren’t anywhere near a power grid connection, and it would be too costly to run electric lines directly there. Typically, they truck diesel fuel in to run gigantic generators, which is expensive, costing up to ten times as much as the typical electricity of a mine connected to the grid. In part, that’s because they are challenging to get to, especially in the more treacherous parts of the northern hemisphere, where the mines are sometimes only accessible by ice roads.

A typical mine uses about 20 MW of power to operate, and they typically pay a power purchase agreement (PPA) to a power provider that provides the generators or some other form of energy. Wind and solar are two possible alternatives, but they are too intermittent to provide steady power, especially at the latitudes most mines are located. As such, many mine operators would be open to an alternative.

UT discusses power beaming with one of the technology’s proponents – Dr. Stephen Sweeney

But, as with so much technology, it comes down to cost. On average, a typical mine pays up $.30 per kWh of operation, so in a best-case scenario, that is the price that a power satellite would have to be at least close to. However, there could be some wiggle room, as a mine operator might want to look more “green” by not burning thousands of gallons of diesel fuel, so they might take a serious look at a power satellite that can provide energy at a slightly higher price.

So how much does energy from a power satellite cost? Since there isn’t yet one in operation, it’s hard to judge, but the researchers based their calculations on a proposal put forward by John Mankins called the SPS-ALPHA 18 system. As the name implies, it provides 18 MW of power, conveniently close to the average use case of a typical remote mine. It is also detailed in a paper Mankins wrote and an upcoming book that explains an updated version. Since that book wasn’t released at the time of writing of the paper, their calculations are based on the (assumedly inferior) original satellite platform.

In that paper, Mankin provides three different types of cost estimates that would help put a price on the electricity supplied by the power satellite system. The first of those is manufacturing – with an estimate of almost $800 million to build the various parts of the SPS-ALPHA 18 system. “Other” costs, including the R&D and building the ground station, come in at another $600 million. The final expense, launch cost, is the focal point of so much of the development of the commercial space flight industry and varies widely based on some assumptions. In a best-case scenario, a flight with what was then known as the BFR, now known as Starship, can launch the slightly over 1 million kg necessary to get a satellite into orbit for just over $600 million in total.

Isaac Arthur lays out some of the advantages, and disadvantages of power satellites.
Credit – Isaac Arthur YouTube Channel

All told, that’s around a $2 billion cost to get a complete functional power satellite into orbit. That’s actually on the scale of some large-scale power plants, especially of the nuclear variety. However, those ground-based power plants are designed to be tied into a power grid and produce a few orders of magnitude more power than the SPS-ALPHA 18 would. So would that $2 billion investment look like a good one from the standpoint of a potential investor?

The simplest way to calculate the overall energy cost of a mine is to figure out how much they use per year and then multiply it by the life expectancy of the mine itself. At 18 MW per year, the SPS-ALPHA 18 could provide pretty much the mine’s total energy consumption. Thirty cents per kilowatt hour spread out over 24 hours a day, and it comes to something like $47.3 million annually. Over a life span of a mine (about 25 years), that annual revenue totals around $1.1 billion.

So even in a best-case scenario, the proposition to power a remote mine with a satellite would still lose money. However, to an economist’s eyes, it’s even worse. They use a variable called the “discount rate,” basically a way of calculating how much the money used to finance a project costs, which includes things like inflation and opportunity cost (i.e., how much they would make from investing elsewhere). Another big factor in determining the discount rate is the risk of failure of the project itself – given the novel nature of a space power satellite, this is pretty high for a project of this nature.

Financial Times also made a video on space-based solar power.
Credit – Financial Times YouTube Channel

Dr. Ian Lange and his co-authors selected a 12% discount rate, which, he points out, is about average for the remote mining industry. But that means that each year, the revenue from the project is worth 12% less than the revenue from the previous year. Moreover, they expect a 5-year capital investment up front, where there wouldn’t be any actual revenue for five years, which means that in 5 years, the $47.3 million in revenue from the first year would only be worth $26.84 million in today’s money.

And it gets worse from there, with the total revenue at the end of the project only counting for about $2.78 million in today’s money. All of these economic calculations end up with a number called the “net present value” or NPV. Investors look at that number and attempt to decide whether or not a project is investable.

In the case of using SPS-ALPHA 18, the most thought of space power platform designed at the time of writing the paper, the net present value of using SPS-ALPHA 18 to power a remote mine is, at best, -$1.8 billion. That’s a stretch even for the most space-minded billionaire.

So the answer to whether a space-based power satellite could power remote mines is “yes,” but there’s not much of a business case for it. There’s still a long way to go before beaming power from space becomes a profitable venture. But, as the authors note at the end of the paper, the whole calculation changes dramatically if some of the parts for the satellite are manufactured in space. So there is still a point in the future, with a much more fleshed-out space infrastructure, where the price might eventually become competitive. But there will be lots of necessary investment, at a very negative NPV, before humanity gets to that point.

Learn More:

Proctor et al. – Feasibility of space solar power for remote mining operations
UT – Finally, a Practical use for Space-Based Power Beaming. Sending Power to Satellites in Shade
UT – The Navy is Testing Beaming Solar Power in Space
UT – With Better Communication, Astronomers and Satellites can co-Exist

Lead Image:

Artist’s impression of an SPS-ALPHA satellite operating in space.
Credit – John Mankins

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

Burning meteor plunges to the ground in Jinhua, China

This video, which was filmed yesterday (December 15), shows a meteorite illuminating the night sky and falling on the ground like a "fireball" in Jinhua, Zhejiang province. No injury was reported.

The fireball seen from a dash cam video crossed the sky for just a few seconds and fell far away while burning, with a brightness that was brighter than a full moon.

Some unburned meteorite fragments were found in Chengtou Village, Pujiang County, Jinhua. The meteorite found measured 8 centimeters in length and weighed 1.7 kilograms.

It is understood that the meteor was too big to be burnt up at high altitude so it then entered the Earth's atmosphere, producing dazzling light.

Zhang Baolin, a senior meteorite expert at the Beijing Planetarium and a science expert at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said to the local media that the meteorite probably came from the asteroid belt between Jupiter and Mars.

Zheng Yongchun, deputy director of the Space Science Communication Expert Studio and a science expert, made a preliminary judgment after seeing the meteorite fragment that the meteorite is 4.6 billion years old, older than all the rocks on Earth.

19-12-2022 om 00:39 geschreven door peter

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18-12-2022

Uncovering the Mysterious Intersection of Traditional Indigenous Beliefs and Modern UFO Mythology: A Case Study of the Warlpiri People of Australia

Warlpiri sky serpent

The intersection of traditional indigenous beliefs and modern UFO mythology has long been a subject of fascination and intrigue for researchers and laypeople alike. In this in-depth research article, we delve into the mysterious and complex ways in which these seemingly disparate worlds intersect among the Warlpiri people of Australia.

hrough extensive interviews with members of the community, we uncover a deeply rooted belief in the power and importance of the “warnayarra,” a traditional indigenous being with qualities similar to a rainbow serpent. This formidable being is closely tied to concepts of land ownership and protection, with traditional owners able to guarantee the safety of their guests through rituals such as placing a small amount of water on a visitor’s head and speaking to the warnayarra.

However, we also discover that the warnayarra is a force to be reckoned with, capable of causing harm to those who do not regularly visit or “look after” the land. This highlights the importance of maintaining rights to land among the Warlpiri people, and the warnayarra serves as a means of politically arguing for and legitimizing these claims.

As we delve deeper into the mysterious world of the Warlpiri people, we begin to uncover a strange and unsettling connection between the warnayarra and another otherworldly force: aliens. Through their encounters with these extraterrestrial beings, the Warlpiri people speak of a recognition and respect for their distinct identity and enduring claim to land.

But what is the true nature of these aliens, and how do they fit into the complex cultural landscape of the Warlpiri people? Our research suggests that the aliens serve as a unique validation of indigenous identity, reinforcing the status of the Aboriginal people within the community through their ability to protect non-Aboriginal individuals from abduction.

However, the intersection of traditional indigenous beliefs and modern UFO mythology is far from simple. As we continue our research, we find ourselves drawn into a web of mystery and intrigue, with many questions yet to be answered. Is it possible that the warnayarra and the aliens are connected in some way, or are they simply two separate and distinct beings coexisting in the same cultural landscape?

We also explore the potential significance of these beliefs for contemporary indigenous political and cultural issues. The presence of aliens in Warlpiri mythology could be seen as a way of addressing and coping with the impact of colonization and the loss of traditional land and cultural practices. At the same time, the recognition and respect shown to the Aboriginal people by the aliens in these narratives could be seen as a means of promoting and affirming indigenous identity and agency.

Further investigation is needed to fully understand the true significance of these beliefs within the Warlpiri community and beyond. But one thing is certain: the intersection of traditional indigenous beliefs and modern UFO mythology is a complex and multifaceted subject that continues to captivate and intrigue researchers and laypeople alike.

Aboriginal People and UFO and Alien Encounters

The intersection of traditional indigenous beliefs and modern UFO mythology is a complex and multifaceted subject that has long captivated researchers and laypeople alike. In this chapter, we will explore the ways in which Aboriginal people have interacted with UFO and alien encounters, and how these encounters have been incorporated into traditional beliefs and cultural practices.

One notable example comes from the Warlpiri people of Australia, as discussed in previous chapters. Through interviews with members of the community, we found that the concept of the “warnayarra,” a traditional indigenous being similar to a rainbow serpent, is closely tied to ideas of land ownership and protection. However, we also found that narratives of alien abductions among the Warlpiri people contain many of the same themes, with the aliens being perceived as recognizing and respecting the distinct identity and enduring claim to land of the Aboriginal people.

The Mysterious Aboriginal Rock Art of the Wandjina Sky Beings

Other indigenous communities around the world have also reported encounters with UFO and alien beings. For instance, the Hopi people of the southwestern United States have a long tradition of stories about “star beings” who have visited and interacted with the community. Similarly, the Dogon people of West Africa have a complex mythology that includes encounters with extraterrestrial beings, which they believe have played a role in the evolution and development of their culture.

It is important to note that the interpretation and significance of these encounters can vary significantly among different indigenous communities. For some, these encounters may be seen as a validation of traditional beliefs and cultural practices, while for others they may be seen as a source of conflict or a threat to traditional ways of life.

Overall, the intersection of traditional indigenous beliefs and modern UFO mythology is a complex and multifaceted subject that continues to captivate and intrigue researchers and laypeople alike. Further investigation is needed to fully understand the true significance of these encounters and how they fit into the cultural landscape of indigenous communities around the world.

Belief in UFOs and Aliens in Australia

The intersection of traditional indigenous beliefs and modern UFO mythology has long been a topic of interest in Australia, with many people reporting encounters with UFO and alien beings. But how common is belief in these phenomena among the broader Australian population?

According to a 2019 survey conducted by the Australian National University, approximately 25% of Australians believe in the existence of intelligent extraterrestrial life. This figure is consistent with global trends, with similar studies finding that approximately 25% of people around the world believe in the existence of aliens.

Belief in UFOs, or unidentified flying objects, is somewhat less common among the Australian population, with only 16% of respondents in the aforementioned survey reporting that they believe in the existence of UFOs. However, this figure may be influenced by the fact that many UFO sightings can be explained by natural or man-made phenomena, such as meteorites or aircraft.

Australian UFO sightings

It is worth noting that belief in UFO and alien phenomena is not necessarily tied to traditional indigenous beliefs. While some indigenous communities in Australia may have long-standing traditions of encounters with otherworldly beings, many Australians who believe in UFOs and aliens have no connection to these traditions.

Overall, while belief in UFO and alien phenomena is not necessarily widespread among the Australian population, a significant minority of people do hold these beliefs. Further research is needed to understand the factors that contribute to belief in these phenomena and how they are perceived by the broader public.

18-12-2022 om 23:58 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Latest UFO Sightings reports from our readers!

Here are some UFO sightings that were recently reported to me through our Facebook page and report UFO sightings form on our website.

It appears that our readers have reported sightings of unidentified flying objects in various locations around the world. On December 15, 2022, in Lenexa, Kansas, a witness reported seeing something in the sky that may have been spotlights. In Cape Town, South Africa on September 12, 2022, a witness reported seeing a round object without lights that glided against the wind, stopped, and then displayed neon green and blue lights before continuing over Table Mountain. On November 27, 2022, a witness in Southern California reported seeing something interesting in the sky. On November 11, 2022, in Wakefield, UK, a witness reported seeing a stationary object in the clouds emitting blue light for almost 10 minutes. On November 5, 2022, a witness in Scottsdale, Arizona reported a UFO sighting at Horizon High School. Finally, on June 11, 2019, in China Grove, North Carolina, a witness reported seeing a light that moved in unexpected ways and at high speeds, and claimed to have video evidence of the sightings.

Location: Fair oaks, Ark
Date: 12/16/22
Witness report:

Mt uncle robbie caught this in his back yard.

Location: Lenexa, Kansas
Date: 12-15-22
Witness report:

12-15-22 @8:37 pm, central standard time. In Lenexa Kansas. Many say it’s just spotlights. It could be.

Location: Cape town – above cbd
Date: 09/12/2022
Witness report:

Round, no lights, glided against the wind, then stopped and then neon light green/blue lights under it…then continued over table mountain. Have video but poor quality

Location: Southern California
Date: 27/11/2022
Witness report:

I saw something yesterday here in Southern California on Sunday that looks interesting.

Location: Wakefield, UK
Date: 11/11/202
Witness report:

I have just forward what I filmed on my iPhone 12 on the 11/11/202 in Wakefield.. stationary something in clouds emitting blue light for almost 10 minutes.. a little breezy but light was perfectly stationary

Location: Scottsdale Arizona @Horizon HS
Date: 11/5/2022

Location: My home on Beaten Path Rd. in China Grove NC
Date: 06/11/2019
Witness report:

I was outside smoking cos I don’t smoke inside and light movement caught my eye so I grabbed my phone and started filming. I have like 15 minutes of video but it would let me upload so that’s two cropped videos. The light blinks off and on and moves like NO flying object on Earth. The object moves at right angles and every direction at ridiculous speeds. I have more video of Im assuming the same object returning a little over a month later in July. It behaves like the first sighting but not 15 minutes of footage, only a little over 2 minutes of video on the second sighting. Plus I had my mom come outside and see it too and to witness me filming it to see that I wasn’t moving my hands except to recenter the object in frame. I narrate in video when im moving my hands to re-enter. I don’t make crap up and I have the video to prove it. I would know how to fudge a video if my life depended on it. Anyways I have better things to do than to try and make a fake video. It’s 100% real and frickin amazing to witness…twice!! I couldn’t believe it myself.

18-12-2022 om 23:41 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS -- 18/12/2022

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS -- 18/12/2022

Repeat Offenders A Unique Spinning UFO Has Been REC @ Four Different Times @ Four Different Places?

Starting in 2019 and ending in in 2022 as known so far the same UFO has been witnessed and REC in four different places check out this comparison and tell me what you think. Also and if you do feel so inclined Please hit the Thanks button.

SpaceX launches Starlink batch on booster's unprecedented 15th flight, nails landing

A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket is scheduled to launch 54 Starlink satellites on Saturday, December 17 from Launch Complex 39A (LC-39A) at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

Full Story:

https://www.space.com/spacex-starl+ink...

The first stage of the rocket landed on the Just Read the Instructions droneship in the Atlantic Ocean shortly after separation, completing its record 15th flight.

Soviet UFO Landing Incident - Russian Military Badly Mistreated Alien Visitors

In January 1985 a UFO descended near an ICBM base in Soviet Russia, inciting a firefight between military personnel and extraterrestrial beings. Richard Doty relays details of the accounts of that night, which include the capture of the alien beings who interacted with nuclear warheads. It comes to light that this was not an isolated incident and there are reports of E.T. interference on other Soviet and U.S. nuclear launch sites. This prompts us to consider the messages being sent to us about nuclear proliferation and the threat of war.

The Mystery Secret - This New Controversial Discovery Has Been Revealed!

The past still holds countless mysteries. In order to breathe new life into the reality of our ancestors, archaeological finds are of incomparable value. However, there are also some artifacts slumbering in the ground that have the potential not to provide any plausible answers, but only to raise more questions. Today, let's take a look at several controversial discoveries that serve as a powerful reminder of just how little we really know about the world before our time.

TOP 10 UFO SIGHTINGS OF 2022 | The Proof Is Out There

Check out this The Proof Is Out There compilation featuring the top 10 moments from 2022.

00:00:00 - Chapter 1: GIANT FLAME SPOTTED IN FLORIDA SKY

00:04:46 - Chapter 2: FLAMING UFO OVER CANADA - "Something Out of This World!"

00:08:40 - Chapter 3: CUBE-SHAPED UFO SHOCKS PILOT

00:12:57 - Chapter 4: UTAH MONOLITH = ALIEN PORTAL?

00:17:51 - Chapter 5: TWIN UFOS TEAR OPEN THE AUSTRALIAN SKY

00:22:05 - Chapter 6: UFO SPOTTED IN JERUSALEM

00:26:30 - Chapter 7: BIGFOOT'S FEROCIOUS GROWL - CAUGHT ON CAMERA! 00:31:08 - Chapter 8: CLASSIFIED UFO VIDEO - “This Footage Wasn’t Meant for the Public"

00:37:14 - Chapter 9: UFOS INVADE NYC

00:41:27 - Chapter 10: ALIEN AIRCRAFT OR SECRET WEAPON?

Watch all new episodes of The Proof Is Out There on Fridays at 10/9c, and stay up to date on all of your favorite The HISTORY Channel shows at

http://history.com/schedul.

Ancient Aliens: Horrific Creatures Live Under Red Dwarf Stars

Astronomers believe that red dwarf stars may produce habitable conditions for alien organisms. See more in this clip from "Aliens and Strange Creatures."

Watch all new episodes of Ancient Aliens, Friday, January 6th, at 9/8c, and next day on The HISTORY Channel website at http://history.com/schedule.

#AncientAliens

Are Aliens Spying On NASA With A UFO In The Sky? | NASA’s Unexplained Files

A mysterious circle of light over Houston has led some people to explore the theory of a UFO circling the skies - and even spying on NASA.

Cleopatra's Lost Tomb (Full Episode) | Lost Treasures of Egypt

Archaeologists hunt for the lost tomb of Cleopatra. One team dives the sunken city of Alexandria and an explorer unearths a secret underground tunnel.

18-12-2022 om 23:09 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

17-12-2022

'Avatar: The Way of Water' cast talks sequel's visual magic in new featurette

17-12-2022 om 23:35 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

Mars is Alive! NASA Detects Unusual Activity From Inside The Planet

It turned out that Mars wasn't as silent as first believed. Instead, there is intense seismic activity on the red planet, which is rumbling and groaning.

The planet is experiencing dynamic shocks deep below its surface, and right now, molten lava may be pouring just below the Martian crust. If it is true, it will alter our knowledge of Martian geodynamics that we have amassed over the years and imply that volcanic activity on the red planet is not only feasible but is continuing, and that it is happening more often than anticipated.

What does this rumbling, nevertheless, mean? How will it alter how we see Martian geology? Lastly, and most significantly, how will this revolutionary finding affect our efforts to find both past and contemporary Martian life?

{ https://news.sci-nature.com/ }

17-12-2022 om 22:46 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

Car Pulls Over To Watch UFOs, Cameron, Texas, Dec 15, 2022, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Dec 15, 2022
Location of sighting: Cameron, Texas, USA

Watch as a person the car over and begins to record a whole UFO fleet traveling across the sky. The Glowing orange UFOs are all traveling in the same direction. The person recorded 54 seconds of video and its enough to see these objects have no wings, no aircraft lights, no sound, no flashing at all that might identify them as aircraft. These objects are UFOs, unidentified flying objects. Texas is famous for its sightings and recently they had four tornadoes in Texas which I believe were caused by these UFOs. Often UFOs are seen around destructive weather phenomenon. The UFOs are doing scientific research on creating these destructive phenomenons and humans reactions and adaptations to them. To aliens knowledge is gold.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

Eyewitness states:

I saw a formation of 8-10 fire ball like lights traveling in the sky. They were flying at a constant altitude above the north tree line in an east to west direction. The formation shape and distance did not appear to change. They did not appear to be far away. Just as the last light was about to go out of view I quickly moved to a higher and clearer area. The lights had vanished but should not have if they continued as they had.

17-12-2022 om 22:01 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Smithsonian Cover-Up: Ancient Egyptians and Giants in the Grand Canyon

In 1908, President Teddy Roosevelt wanted to declare the Grand Canyon off-limits to all timber and mining operations. It would take another 11 years for Congress to designate the Grand Canyon a national park.

Sensing a final opportunity for adventure, explorer G.E. Kincaid took a boat down the Colorado River and through the Grand Canyon. The canyon was rich in minerals like gold, silver and copper and Kincaid wanted to see what he could find before the area was closed off for good.

About 40 miles up-river from the El Tovar Crystal canyon, Kincaid saw stains in the sediment formation about 2,000 feet up. He tied off the boat and got out to investigate.

Kincaid couldn't find a trail, but after a short hike he found something interesting covered in desert brush. Steps. Hundreds of them. Carved in sandstone. Steps that wound their way up to a high shelf on the side of the canyon.

He followed the steps until he came across a cavern entrance. An entrance that was clearly man made.

Kincaid entered the cavern and turned on his flashlight. On the walls he saw writing. But it wasn't English or Native American writing. It was Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphics.

Kincaid lifted his flashlight and saw that the tunnel ran far into the distance. He didn't realize it at the time, but this was only the beginning.

Interesting to know that Smithsonian denies the story of the Ancient Egyptians and Giants in the Grand Canyon and they came up with the following explanation in an attempt to debunk the story.

Smithsonian: Backstory: On April 5, 1909, the Arizona Gazette ran the following headline: “Explorations in Grand Canyon; Mysteries of Immense Rich Cavern Being Brought to Light; Jordan Is Enthused; Remarkable Find Indicates Ancient People Migrated from Orient.” The article includes testimony of one G. E. Kincaid who says that he, traveling solo down the Green and Colorado Rivers, discovered proof of an ancient civilization—possibly of Egyptian origin. The story also asserts that a Smithsonian archaeologist named S. A. Jordan returned with Kincaid to investigate the site. However, the Arizona Gazette appears to have been the only newspaper ever to have published the story. No records can confirm the existence of either Kincaid or Jordan.

In the following video 'The Why Files' provides a detailed explanation and analysis on this possible archaeological cover-up.

17-12-2022 om 21:53 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:MYSTERIES , Complot Theories, ed ( EN, FR, NL )

Triangular UFO Formation Spotted in Los Angeles Skies

triangle-ufo-california

On the evening of December 16, 2022, residents of Los Angeles were treated to a rare sight: a triangular shaped UFO formation flying in the sky above the city.

Here’s the video. Please let me know in the comments what you think about it.

17-12-2022 om 21:12 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

UFO Sightings on the Rise: All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office Investigates

The office, which is called the “Anomaly Resolution Office,” was established to monitor reports about flying objects in the air, space, or underwater. They’ve already received hundreds of reports.

According to the agency’s leadership, they have received hundreds of new reports about flying objects, but so far, there has been no evidence of alien life.

The agency, called All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO), was established in July to monitor reports about flying objects in the air, space, or underwater. It’s also tasked with identifying and tracking other unidentified objects that can move from one domain to another. This issue has been brought to light by military pilots, who have been reluctant to report these sightings due to their fear of stigma.

In 2021, the agency reported that there were 144 instances of flying objects that were spotted from 2004 to 2021. According to Sean Kirkpatrick, the number of reports about these sightings has increased significantly.

Officials said that the agency’s director is expected to release an updated report by the end of the year regarding the number of reports received regarding flying objects. The office was established to look into the possibility of alien life, as well as the security risks that come with encounters with such objects.

In May, the House Committee on Intelligence held its first hearing regarding the matter in over half a century. It was concerned that the unknown could create a security risk due to the possible involvement of other countries, such as Russia or China. Although the agency has not seen any evidence of alien life, officials believe that the objects spotted so far could be from another planet.

DoD Announces the Establishment of the All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (Defense.go)

According to the agency’s director, the office is currently working on developing new technologies that will allow it to identify the objects that were spotted. One of these is the recalibrating of sensors that were previously focused on identifying known enemy aircraft. The outreach the department conducted to inform the public about the procedures involved in reporting encounters with flying objects has also contributed to the increasing number of reports.

In addition to the unidentifiable objects, the agency’s director noted that the development of new technologies, such as drones and stealth fighters, could also be mistaken for UFOs. To prevent this, the office has been working with the intelligence community and the Pentagon to get the signatures of these new aircraft.

In order to prevent these types of sightings, the agency has established clear mechanisms that will allow it to identify the objects that were spotted. These include the Pentagon’s “blue programs” and the intelligence community’s “IC programs.”

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

17-12-2022 om 21:01 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 17/12/2022

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 17/12/2022

SpaceX Starship Fire, Artemis 1 Orion Returns, HAKUTO-R Moon Lander, Falcon 9 SWOT, Ariane 5 launch

This past week was, well, pretty much ridiculous to try and squeeze down. I’m not even sure where to start. Loads of updates at Starbase Texas including new SpaceX Starship Fire! WOAH, that top down footage was unreal. New insights found from the flight a few days ago at Starbase Florida. But outside... man. This was crazy. Artemis 1 Orion Returns back home, the HAKUTO-R Moon Lander now on its way to land on the moon. That mission includes another spectacular return to landing site. What is better than that? Well, another two more of them of course. Falcon 9 SWOT mission, Ariane 5 launch boosting satellites to orbit. You name it. This week, we’ve got it and even more. Enough of this into, lets just stuck into it.

Why The Biggest Laser in the World is Making Big News About Fusion

The National Ignition Facility has finally earned its middle name, generating temperatures and pressures at which a fusion reaction is able to drive itself and maintain the burn for longer. It's not going to change the world overnight, but it's another step towards understanding how humanity might be able to harness fusion power in the future.

A New Way to Achieve Nuclear Fusion: Helion

James Webb Telescope 15 ALL NEW Images SHOCK The Entire Space Industry

Welcome to Futureunity, where we explore the fascinating world of science, technology, and the universe! From the inner workings of the human body to the outer reaches of space, we delve into the latest and most interesting discoveries that are shaping our world. Whether you're a science buff or just looking for some mind-blowing facts, we've got you covered. Join us as we uncover the mysteries of the world around us and discover new frontiers in the fields of science and technology. Get ready for a journey that's both educational and entertaining!

Mars Perseverance Rover Captured a 4k Stunning Video Footage of Mars Surface ||

What Did The Aliens Detect? Mysterious Interstellar Visitor Is Escaping Our Solar System

What Did The Aliens Detect? Mysterious Interstellar Visitor Is Escaping Our Solar System. Where exactly is Oumuamua right now, and is it escaping our solar system like a fugitive on a run? And, is it really the first interstellar object to have entered our solar system? Or, are there several of them lurking in our star-system, with one of them already here on earth hiding in plane sight?

All this and more, in today’s episode.

0:00 What is Oumuamua?

3:22 Arawn in Kuiper Belt

7:11 Interstellar Object in Our Oceans

11:55 Avi Loeb's Take on Alien Contact

13:52 Project Lyra

Hubble Telescope: The Unseen Of Our Universe

The Hubble space telescope is a symbol of the technological advancement that has allowed us to advance our understanding of the universe to a new level.

The Edwin Hubble Telescope, launched in April 1990, has been surveying space for over three decades. The space telescope, which weighs 11.6 tons and is nearly 40 feet long, searches the vast expanse of the cosmos using the electromagnetic spectrum, from infrared light to ultraviolet light. The innumerable galaxies, cosmic objects, and structures that Hubble has added to the star maps demonstrate that the ambitious project's initial mission aims have been completed.

Let’s look at some of the most breathtaking views and knowledge the Hubble Space Telescope has given us about space over the years.

17-12-2022 om 17:51 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Untouched and uɴʟooтᴇᴅ 4,400-yr-old тoмʙ of Egyptian High Priest Discovered

Archaeologists in Egypt have made a new tomb discovery — the final resting place of a high priest, untouched for 4,400 years, decorated with hieroglyphics. The secretary-general of the Supreme Council of Antiquities, Mostafa Waziri, described the find as “one of a kind in the last decades.”

The tomb was found buried in a ridge at the ancient necropolis of Saqqara.

It was untouched and unlooted. Officials say they expect more discoveries when archaeologists further excavate the site in the months to come.

The well-preserved tomb is decorated with scenes showing the royal priest alongside his mother, wife and other members of his family, the ministry said in a statement.

The high priest was devoted to his mother, evidence shows. “He mentions the name of his mother almost everywhere here,” said Waziri in an interview, pointing to the dozens of hieroglyphics, statues, and drawings.

“The colour is almost intact even though the tomb is almost 4,400 years old,” he added.

The high priest “Wahtye” served during the Fifth Dynasty reign of King Neferirkare (between 2500-2300 BC), at the Saqqara necropolis in Egypt. In addition to the name of the deceased, hieroglyphs carved into the stone above the tomb’s door reveal his multiple titles.

Saqqara pyramid of Djoser in Egypt.

The grave’s rectangular gallery is said to be covered in painted reliefs, sculptures, and inscriptions, all in excellent shape considering how much time has passed.

The reliefs depict Wahtye himself, his wife Weret Ptah, and his mother Merit Meen, as well as everyday activities that include hunting and sailing and manufacturing goods such as pottery, according to National Geographic.

The team of Egyptian archaeologists found five shafts in the tombs. They had removed a last layer of debris from the tomb on December 13, 2018, and found five shafts inside, Waziri said.

Pyramid of Djoser (Stepped pyramid), an archaeological remaining in the Saqqara necropolis, Egypt.

One of the shafts was unsealed with nothing inside, but the other four were sealed. They are expecting to make discoveries when they excavate those shafts. He was hopeful about one shaft in particular.

“I can imagine that all of the objects can be found in this area,” he said in an interview, pointing at one of the sealed shafts. “This shaft should lead to a coffin or a sarcophagus of the owner of the tomb.”

The tomb is 33 feet long, 9 feet wide, and just under 10 feet high, Waziri said.

This picture taken on December 15, 2018, shows a general view of a newly-discovered tomb belonging to the high priest ‘Wahtye’ who served during the 5th dynasty reign of King Neferirkare (between 2500-2300 BC), at the Saqqara necropolis, 30 kilometres south of the Egyptian capital Cairo.

Various drawings depict “the manufacturing of pottery and wine, making the religious offerings, musical performances, boats sailing, the manufacturing of the funerary furniture, and hunting,” according to the site Egypt Today. Also, NPR is reporting that the Saqqara site is part of a larger complex where archaeologists have discovered art and architecture that yield insight into daily life in ancient Egypt.

The Fifth Dynasty ruled Egypt from about 2500 BC to 2350 BC, not long after the great pyramid of Giza was constructed.

Giza pyramids.

Saqqara served as the necropolis for Memphis, the capital of ancient Egypt for over 2 millennia.

Ancient Egyptians mummified humans to preserve their bodies for the afterlife, and animal mummies were used as religious offerings.

The rate of discoveries seems to be increasing. In November 2018, archaeologists unearthed eight new limestone sarcophagi containing mummies at a site that is 25 miles south of Cairo.

Egypt’s Antiquities Ministry said the mummies were dated to the Late Period (664-332 BC) and have an outer layer of cartonnage — papyrus or linen which is covered in plaster — decorated with a painted human form. Three of the mummies are well-preserved.

Images show the sarcophagus painted with the colours deep ochre and blue. Moreover, days before the eight mummies were found, the perfectly-preserved mummy of a woman was found inside a coffin in Egypt dating back more than 3,000 years.

That sarcophagus was opened on November 24th, which was one of two coffins discovered in El-Assasif, Luxor, on the bank of the Nile.

Source:

<https://archaeology-world.com/untouched-and-unlooted-4400-yr-old-tomb-of-egyptian-high-priest-discovered-2/>

{ https://archaeology.viralkhabarpost.com/ }

17-12-2022 om 01:45 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ARCHEOLOGIE ( E, Nl, Fr )

NΑSΑ has discovered somethiпg extremely straпge iп the sυpermassive black hole Markariaп 335

Yoυ doп’t have to kпow a whole lot aboυt scieпce to kпow that black holes пormally sυck thiпgs iп, пot spew thiпgs oυt. Bυt NΑSΑ detected somethiпg mighty bizarre at the sυpermassive black hole Markariaп 335. Two of NΑSΑ’s space telescopes, iпclυdiпg the Nυclear Spectroscopic Telescope Αrray (NυSTΑR), amaziпgly observed a black hole’s coroпa “laυпched” away from the sυpermassive black hole.

Theп aп eпormoυs pυlse of X-ray eпergy spewed oυt. This kiпd of pheпomeпa has пever beeп observed before.

“This is the first time we have beeп able to liпk the laυпchiпg of the coroпa to a flare. This will help υs compreheпd how sυpermassive black holes power some of the brightest objects iп the cosmos.” Daп Wilkiпs, of Saiпt Mary’s Uпiversity, said. This is oпe of the most importaпt discoveries so far.

NυSTΑR’s priпcipal iпvestigator, Fioпa Harrisoп, пoted that the пatυre of the eпergetic soυrce was “eпigmatic,” bυt added that the capability to iп fact record the eveпt shoυld have provided some clυes aboυt the black hole’s size aпd strυctυre, aloпg with (hopefυlly) some fresh iпfo oп how black holes work. Fortυпately for υs, this black hole is still 324 millioп light-years away.

So, пo matter what bizarre thiпgs it was doiпg, it shoυldп’t had aпy effect oп oυr corпer of the cosmos.

While we like to thiпk we have a fairly good υпderstaпdiпg of space, mυch of what we coυпt as kпowledge is jυst theory which has yet to be disproved. So it looks like some textbooks will пeed to be rewritteп. Αпd while this particυlar sυpermassive black hole is 324 millioп light-years away, I’m пot takiпg aпy chaпces.

{ https://favamazing.com/ }

17-12-2022 om 00:42 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

Two Exoplanets May Be Mostly Water, NASA's Hubble and Spitzer Find

A team led by researchers at the University of Montreal has found evidence that two exoplanets orbiting a red dwarf star are "water worlds," where water makes up a large fraction of the entire planet. These worlds, located in a planetary system 218 light-years away in the constellation Lyra, are unlike any planet found in our solar system.

The team, led by Caroline Piaulet of the Trottier Institute for Research on Exoplanets at the University of Montreal, published a detailed study of this planetary system, known as Kepler-138, in the journal Nature Astronomy today.

Upper right: a blue world with white, linear clouds illuminated as a crescent by a distant star to the lower left of the planet. Two other distant planets are visible, one passing in front of the star, the other to the lower left of the star.

In this illustration super-Earth Kepler-138 d is in the foreground. To the left, the planet Kepler-138 c, and in the background the planet Kepler 138 b, seen in silhouette transiting its central star. Kepler 138 is a red dwarf star located 218 light-years away. The low density of Kepler-138 c and Kepler-138 d – which are nearly identical in size – means that they must be composed largely of water. They are both twice Earth's mass but have roughly half of Earth's density, and therefore cannot be solid rock. This is based on measurements of their mass versus physical diameter. They are considered a new class of "water planet," unlike any major planet found in our solar system. Kepler-138 b is one of the smallest exoplanets known, having the mass of the planet Mars and the density of rock.

Credits: NASA, ESA, and Leah Hustak (STScI)

Piaulet and colleagues observed exoplanets Kepler-138 c and Kepler-138 d with NASA's Hubble and the retired Spitzer space telescopes and discovered that the planets could be composed largely of water. These two planets and a smaller planetary companion closer to the star, Kepler-138 b, had been discovered previously by NASA's Kepler Space Telescope. The new study found evidence for a fourth planet, too.

Water wasn't directly detected at Kepler-138 c and d, but by comparing the sizes and masses of the planets to models, astronomers conclude that a significant fraction of their volume – up to half of it – should be made of materials that are lighter than rock but heavier than hydrogen or helium (which constitute the bulk of gas giant planets like Jupiter). The most common of these candidate materials is water.

"We previously thought that planets that were a bit larger than Earth were big balls of metal and rock, like scaled-up versions of Earth, and that's why we called them super-Earths," explained Björn Benneke, study co-author and professor of astrophysics at the University of Montreal. "However, we have now shown that these two planets, Kepler-138 c and d, are quite different in nature and that a big fraction of their entire volume is likely composed of water. It is the best evidence yet for water worlds, a type of planet that was theorized by astronomers to exist for a long time."

Left: a cross section of Earth showing its interior. Right: a cross section of the blue world, Kepler-138 d with a brown core (rocks & metal) below a dark blue high-pressure water layer that is below a light blue water vapor envelope..

This is an artist's illustration showing a cross-section of the Earth (left) and the exoplanet Kepler-138 d (right). Like the Earth, this exoplanet has an interior composed of metals and rocks (brown portion), but Kepler-138 d also has a thick layer of high-pressure water in various forms: supercritical and potentially liquid water deep inside the planet and an extended water vapor envelope (shades of blue) above it. These water layers make up more than 50% of its volume, or a depth of about 1,243 miles (2,000 kilometers). The Earth, in comparison, has a negligible fraction of liquid water with an average ocean depth of less than 2.5 miles (4 kilometers).

Credits: Benoit Gougeon (University of Montreal)

With volumes more than three times that of Earth and masses twice as big, planets c and d have much lower densities than Earth. This is surprising because most of the planets just slightly bigger than Earth that have been studied in detail so far all seemed to be rocky worlds like ours. The closest comparison, say researchers, would be some of the icy moons in the outer solar system that are also largely composed of water surrounding a rocky core.

"Imagine larger versions of Europa or Enceladus, the water-rich moons orbiting Jupiter and Saturn, but brought much closer to their star," explained Piaulet. "Instead of an icy surface, they would harbor large water-vapor envelopes."

Researchers caution the planets may not have oceans like those on Earth directly at the planet's surface. "The temperature in Kepler-138 d's atmosphere is likely above the boiling point of water, and we expect a thick dense atmosphere made of steam on this planet. Only under that steam atmosphere there could potentially be liquid water at high pressure, or even water in another phase that occurs at high pressures, called a supercritical fluid," Piaulet said.

In 2014, data from NASA's Kepler Space Telescope allowed astronomers to announce the detection of three planets orbiting Kepler-138. This was based on a measurable dip in starlight as the planet momentarily passed in front of their star.

Benneke and his colleague Diana Dragomir, from the University of New Mexico, came up with the idea of re-observing the planetary system with the Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes between 2014 and 2016 to catch more transits of Kepler-138 d, the third planet in the system, in order to study its atmosphere.

A new exoplanet in the system

The two possible water worlds, Kepler-138 c and d, are not located in the habitable zone, the area around a star where temperatures would allow liquid water on the surface of a rocky planet. But in the Hubble and Spitzer data, researchers additionally found evidence for a new planet in the system, Kepler-138 e, in the habitable zone.

This newly found planet is small and farther from its star than the three others, taking 38 days to complete an orbit. The nature of this additional planet, however, remains an open question because it does not seem to transit its host star. Observing the exoplanet's transit would have allowed astronomers to determine its size.

With Kepler-138 e now in the picture, the masses of the previously known planets were measured again via the transit timing-variation method, which consists of tracking small variations in the precise moments of the planets' transits in front of their star caused by the gravitational pull of other nearby planets.

The researchers had another surprise: they found that the two water worlds Kepler-138 c and d are "twin" planets, with virtually the same size and mass, while they were previously thought to be drastically different. The closer-in planet, Kepler-138 b, on the other hand, is confirmed to be a small Mars-mass planet, one of the smallest exoplanets known to date.

"As our instruments and techniques become sensitive enough to find and study planets that are farther from their stars, we might start finding a lot more of these water worlds," Benneke concluded.

Using data from NASA’s Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes, astronomers found evidence that two exoplanets orbiting a star 218 light-years away are “water worlds,” where water makes up a large fraction of the entire planet.

Credits: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Lead Producer: Paul Morris

The Hubble Space Telescope is a project of international cooperation between NASA and ESA. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, manages the telescope. The Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) in Baltimore, Maryland, conducts Hubble science operations. STScI is operated for NASA by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, in Washington, D.C.

Media Contacts:

Claire Andreoli
NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD
301-286-1940
Ray Villard
Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD
Marie-Eve Naud
Trottier Institute for Research on Exoplanets, Montreal, Canada
University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada

Science Contacts:

Caroline Piaulet
Trottier Institute for Research on Exoplanets, Montreal, Canada
University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
Björn Benneke
Trottier Institute for Research on Exoplanets, Montreal, Canada
University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada

{ https://www.nasa.gov/ }

17-12-2022 om 00:00 geschreven door peter

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16-12-2022

Juno’s has Been Touring Jupiter’s Moons on its Extended Mission. Next Stop: Volcanic Io

The Juno mission's infrared view of the Jovian moon Io. Taken on July 5, 2022. All the hotspots are volcanic features. Courtesy NASA/JPL-Caltech/SwRI/ASI/INAF/JIRAM

The Juno mission's infrared view of the Jovian moon Io. Taken on July 5, 2022. All the hotspots are volcanic features.

Courtesy NASA/JPL-Caltech/SwRI/ASI/INAF/JIRAM

BY CAROLYN COLLINS PETERSEN

Juno’s has Been Touring Jupiter’s Moons on its Extended Mission. Next Stop: Volcanic Io

For a tiny moon orbiting a giant planet, Io sure packs a giant wallop. It’s the most volcanic world in the solar system. Due to that extreme volcanism, scientists with the Juno mission are now focusing the spacecraft’s instruments and cameras on Io. They want to know more about its eruptions and how its constant stream of material into space interacts with Jupiter’s magnetosphere.

Over the next year and a half, the Juno spacecraft will make nine close flybys of Io. At least one loop will bring it within 1500 kilometers of the surface, giving an up-close and personal look at the volcanic action. “The team is really excited to have Juno’s extended mission include the study of Jupiter’s moons. With each close flyby, we have been able to obtain a wealth of new information,” said Juno Principal Investigator Scott Bolton of the Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio. “Juno sensors are designed to study Jupiter, but we’ve been thrilled at how well they can perform double duty by observing Jupiter’s moons.”

Io Bubbles with Volcanoes

Io is a rocky moon that orbits Jupiter at a close distance of only 422,000 kilometers. Galileo Galilei discovered this moon in 1610. In 1979, Voyager navigation team astronomer Linda Morabito noticed a plume in a Voyager 1 image. That discovery confirmed predictions of volcanic activity due to Io’s unique position in the Jovian system.

The discovery image from Voyager 1 of Io's volcanic plume. Courtesy NASA/JPL.

The discovery image from Voyager 1 of Io’s volcanic plume.

Courtesy NASA/JPL.

The volcanic activity on Io gives it a mottled, pizza-like appearance. There are hundreds of vents and calderas on the surface and these create a huge variety of interesting features. Volcanic plumes and lava flows across the surface show up in a palette of colors, from red and yellow to orange and black. Some of the lava “rivers” stretch for hundreds of kilometers.

Why is Io volcanic? Look at where it is. Jupiter on one side and two outer moons on the other. The planet’s huge gravity pulls on Io while Europa and Ganymede tug on it from their direction. That tug-of-war actually deforms Io, basically stretching and squeezing it. The friction of that action heats the interior, in a process called “tidal heating.” That causes the surface to bulge up and down as much as 100 meters. The result of the heating, heaving, and pulling, is a surface dotted with volcanic features.

Io constantly “repaves itself” with lava. That volcanism also feeds a thin atmosphere made mostly of sulfur dioxide. It also sends particles into the magnetosphere, where they create a huge donut-shaped “torus” of plasma surrounding Jupiter. The moon itself travels inside Jupiter’s much stronger and more extensive magnetosphere and the magnetic field lines trap particles from the torus. They spiral into the Jovian poles and create glowing auroral displays.

What Will Juno Learn Here?

The Juno spacecraft is on a two-year extended mission, focusing on the Jovian moons. It recently flew past Ganymede and Europa, gathering data about those two icy moons. It extended our view of Ganymede under the surface. At Io, it will speed through the extended torus of ions several times to get more information about the radiation environment. This is useful information for the upcoming JUICE and Europa Clipper missions.

Artist’s concept of the Jupiter-Io system and their interaction. The blue region is the Io plasma torus made from particles ejected from Io volcanoes. The magnetic field lines emanate from Jupiter; radio waves are generated by activity in the magnetosphere (grey cone), which Juno can detect when it’s in the right position.

Courtesy: NASA/GSFC/Jay Friedlander

The 9 flybys of Io will provide Junocam and other instruments ample opportunity to get high-resolution images of the rugged Io surface and provide plenty of other data about this tiny moon. It has already made one infrared image showing the glowing hotspots of its eternally active volcanoes.

As it loops the moons, Juno also will continue to study Jupiter, focusing on its internal structure, magnetic field, atmosphere, and magnetosphere. As its orbit slowly evolves over the next two years, it will focus on studies of the Io and Europa torus regions. In addition, Juno will continue its study of the dusty faint rings of Jupiter. All the images and data should give a much fuller understanding of the activities on Jupiter, its moons, and how they are interconnected.

For More Information

16-12-2022 om 23:52 geschreven door peter

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NOAA’s New Weather Satellite is Operational, and its Pictures of Earth are Gorgeous

Polar-orbiting satellites capture swaths of data throughout the globe, and observe the entire planet twice each day. The global mosaic, captured by the VIIRS instrument on the recently launched NOAA-21 satellite, is a composite image created from these swaths.

Image Credit: NOAA STAR VIIRS Imagery Team.

BY EVAN GOUGH

NOAA’s New Weather Satellite is Operational, and its Pictures of Earth are Gorgeous

You’d have to be in some kind of sense-of-wonder-repressed coma not to appreciate satellite images of Earth. If you are, then images from the NOAA’s newest satellite might pull you out of it.

And they’re only a taste of the fascinating images that it will provide.

NOAA-21 is a polar-orbiting satellite that was launched on 10 November 2022. It’ll orbit the Earth about 14 times per day, imaging the entire globe twice per day. It’s the second one in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s latest generation of polar-orbiting, non-geosynchronous, environmental satellites. It’s called the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS.) Their job is to provide global satellite data for weather prediction and climate change models. The NOAA operates a third polar-orbiting satellite called Suomi NPP.

If you’re an Earth junkie like some of us at Universe Today, then you’ve already seen images from these satellites. The images are used to track all sorts of things: dust storms, forest fires, algae blooms, ice coverage, volcanic eruptions, heat waves, vast storms with their embedded lightning, and lots of other stuff.

These initial images show two regions in particular. One shows bright blue water in the Caribbean Sea, the other shows smog in northern India.

“The turquoise colour that’s visible around Cuba and the Bahamas in the bottom-left image above comes from sediment in the shallow waters around the continental shelf,” said NOAA’s Dr. Satya Kalluri, Joint Polar Satellite System program scientist. Sediment around continental shelves is called neritic sediment. It’s carried from land into the ocean by wind, rivers, flowing ice, and other processes. (Obviously, not by ice in the Caribbean. Please don’t email me.)

Sediment creates the turquoise colour in the Caribbean Sea in this image of Florida, Cuba, and the Bahamas.

Image Credit: NOAA STAR VIIRS Imagery Team.

Scientists are interested in these sediments because they can analyze things like carbonates and isotopes in them to help model global and environmental change. Though we’re accustomed to seeing only optical light images, including sediment and the blue waters they create, other instruments on satellites, like microwave and infrared sounders, provide deeper scientific data. That data helps researchers understand other oceanic features like flooding, river plumes, and even harmful algae blooms that can kill shellfish and poison people.

This Google Earth image helps put the satellite VIIRS image in context. Image Credit: Google Earth.

This Google Earth image helps put the satellite VIIRS image in context.

Image Credit: Google Earth.

The image showing smog in India also sheds light on some of the dynamics of that large and highly-populated country.

Northern India butts up against the Himalayas. The Himalayas are vast and contain some of Earth’s highest mountains, including Mt. Everest. The range dominates the region’s geography.

The Himalayas separate the Indo-Gangetic Plain, a vast fertile region in the Indian subcontinent, from the Tibetan Plateau. The mountain range causes enormous amounts of rainfall on the plains directly south of them during monsoons. The abundant glaciers in the Himalayas provide reliable, year-round water for agriculture. As a result, most of India’s agriculture is concentrated here, as are over 400 million of its people. It’s one of Earth’s most densely-populated regions.

The image above shows haze and smog over Northern India, which is likely due to agricultural burning. The snow-capped Himalayas and the Tibetan plateau are also visible to the north.

Image Credit: NOAA STAR VIIRS Imagery Team.

But as the image shows, the Himalayas also make smog concentrate here, right where so many people live. The satellite image shows how smog is a health hazard for hundreds of millions of people in the country’s critical agricultural region.

This Google Earth image helps put the image of smog in India in context. It also shows a blue region of neritic sediment coming from the rivers that flow into the Bay of Bengal. Some of Google Earth's imagery comes from NOAA satellites. Image Credit: Google Earth.

Image Credit: Google Earth.

“VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite) serves so many disciplines, it’s an absolutely critical set of measurements,” said Dr. James Gleason, NASA project scientist for the JPSS Flight Project. “VIIRS provides many different data products that are used by scientists in unrelated fields, from agricultural economists trying to do crop forecasts, to air quality scientists forecasting where wildfire smoke will be, to disaster support teams who count night lights to understand the impact of a disaster.”

The NOAA now has three polar-orbiting, Earth-monitoring satellites with VIIRS onboard. That redundancy is important, according to Gleason, because we rely on satellites for so much now, and there’s so much at stake.

“We had two VIIRS on orbit, and now we’ve got three,” Dr. Gleason said. “We launch multiple weather satellites to make doubly and now triply sure we always have one going. Space is a dangerous environment. Stuff happens, and you can lose an instrument or a satellite, but we cannot lose the data. It’s too important to too many people.”

These are three images from VIIRS instruments from the last few years. Left is a plankton bloom in the Barents Sea. The middle is neritic sediment in Northwest Australia’s coastline. Right is a dust storm in China’s Taklamakan Desert, trapped by three mountain ranges.

Image Credit: NOAA VIIRS Team.

16-12-2022 om 23:23 geschreven door peter

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The Alaskan UFO Encounter & Abduction

The Alaska man in the video was sitting in his log cabin when he heard a military helicopter and went outside to investigate with binoculars. He saw that the helicopter had no markings and was hovering in place. He then noticed a large, silver UFO that was around 1500-2000 feet long, 4-5,600 feet wide, and 300-350 feet tall. The UFO had a diamond-shaped crystal on the bottom that was emitting blue and white reddish lights. The person was struck by the size of the UFO, which he described as being much larger than a super tanker.

He sat and watched the UFO for several minutes and then went inside to call his neighbors, who also saw the UFO. The Alaska man sat outside and watched the UFO for several hours. When he went back inside, he realized that he had lost several hours of time, which is a common occurrence in alleged alien abductions.

UFO sightings in Alaska

In a separate incident, the person and their family were driving in a van from Alaska to Florida when they experienced a strange encounter with a UFO. They were driving on a highway near the Canadian border when the power went out in their van and the engine shut down. They were then followed by flashing lights and a UFO. The UFO moved rapidly back and forth and the family felt a sense of power. The van moved on its own and the family felt trapped in the UFO’s wake. The Alaska man, who had experience identifying aircraft, was unable to identify the UFO. He believes that they were abducted by the UFO and experienced missing time. The experiences have caused the person to believe that the UFO was not from Earth.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

16-12-2022 om 22:17 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )

Bob Lazar’s Theory on How Element 115 Powers UFOs

Original UFO sketch by Bob Lazar

As a whistle-blower, Bob Lazar was able to expose the alleged activities of the government and extraterrestrials at Area 51. He is widely known for revealing that the US and other countries were working together on secret bases in the area. Lazar worked as an engineer in a hangar known as S-4 in Area 51 in the 1980s. He claimed that the facility’s antimatter generators were powered by Element 115, an element that is yet to be discovered.

Lazar’s element, known as Element 115, is not the same as the element known as Moscovium, which was first synthesized in 2003. It was created by a team of scientists from the US and Russia at a nuclear research facility in Dubna, near Moscow.

The atomic number of Moscovium is 115, which is the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus. This makes it a heavy element due to its large number. Among the elements in the universe, hydrogen has an atomic number of 1, making it the oldest element and the most abundant. On the other hand, Element 115 is both extremely rare and incredibly dense.

The strange nature of the story surrounding Element 115 became apparent when Lazar claimed that the FBI had raided his business. His followers believed that the agency was trying to recover the samples of Element 115 that he took from Area 51. According to a report by Motherboard, the FBI did indeed raid his business. It was known to sell various electrical equipment, radioactive materials, jet engines, and high-powered magnets.

In his documentary, Jeremy Corbell, which was released earlier this year, Lazar claimed that the raid was carried out by the FBI to seize the alien fuel that he stole from Area 51. However, the documents that were obtained by Motherboard did not contain Element 115.

Bob Lazar: Area 51 & Flying Saucers – Watch full documentary here!

According to Corbell, Lazar was able to obtain a stabilized version of Element 115, which he tested and recorded. Some of the witnesses who were able to observe his tests included George Knapp, an investigative journalist. In his documentary, Corbell also revealed that during one of his tests, Lazar was able to obin some of the element.

Jeremy Corbell

Despite the various claims that have been made against Lazar, there are still people who can vouch for his truthfulness. For instance, George Knapp claims that he had been able to speak with several former employees of Lazar. They confirmed that he was a physicist.

According to Knapp, the employees who confirmed Lazar’s truthfulness were close friends of the physicist. One of them was Joe Vaninetti, who was a scientist who was closely associated with Bob. Before and after Lazar claimed that he worked at S-4, Vaninetti was involved in research about extraterrestrials.

Is Element 115 the Alien Fuel of the Future?

A decade before the substance known as Element 115 was synthesized, Lazar was still talking about it. According to some, his claims about Element 115 were credible, as it was a theoretical element that could prove useful in an alleged alien coverup. Another possibility is that element 119 could also exist. However, it has not yet been discovered.

During his first interview with George Knapp in 1989, Bob first talked about the substance and how it was utilized in the propulsion system of an alien craft that was found at the facility’s S-4. He would not confirm or deny if extraterrestrials sent the aliens with Element 115, but he claimed that they had 500 pounds of it.

Lazar referred to Element 115 as a superheavy element, and he claimed that it produced its own gravitational field after being exposed to radiation. He also stated that the fuel used by the alleged alien craft was stable. Lazar noted that the substance could create gravity waves and lift the UFO.

In his documentary, Corbell focused on Lazar’s work at Los Alamos, he talked about the various aspects of his invention, which he referred to as a “craft.” According to Lazar, the vehicle was designed to move with the belly and the bottom, and it would shoot off when it needed to. He noted that it was the same design as the propulsion system that he had worked on.

Lazar claims that this element, which is highly radioactive, allows alien spacecraft to go through the cosmos without getting affected by gravity. For years now, he has been talking about the material he worked on at Area 51, which he claims can be used to power extraterrestrial spacecraft. He also claims that the materials used to make these spacecraft were metamaterials, which are materials that are not made on Earth. In 2019, a report by the New York Times claimed that the Pentagon was investigating these materials.

Bob Lazar Interview, 1989

According to Lazar, the bombarding of Element 115 with protons led to the creation of Element 116, which is a livermorium. This substance then decays and produces antimatter, which can be used for propulsion. It is also believed that Element 115 could be the exotic matter that could be used to create traversable portals through the cosmos.

Carl Sagan and Kip Thorne have also speculated about the possibility of extraterrestrials. They were the subjects of a leaked Defense Intelligence Research document entitled “Traversable Wormholes, Negative Energy, and Stargates.”

In 2020, Corbell shared a picture of Lazar holding Aerogel, which was used to package Element 115. He said that he would not be including this component in his Netflix documentary, but he promised to release a video explaining how Element 115 worked. I had searched his YouTube channel, but I could not find a clip explaining how Element 115 worked.

Image of Bob Lazar with the Aerogel used to transport ELEMENT 115, a key component in alleged alien technology.

Lazar’s Aerogel was used to package the element for transportation. There have been various speculations about its function in extraterrestrial spacecraft. However, this is a core component of what Lazar has been talking about.

It has been reported that TIC TAC UFOs appear to have a gravitational distortion, which helps explain how they can move at an incredibly fast speed. According to multiple credible witnesses, such as Commander Fravor and Cmdr. Select Underwood, these objects shot off at an incredible speed.

The objects moved at an incredible rate of speed. They were immediately gone from both radar and sight. Even the Princeton SPY-1 radar system was able to confirm this.

In his article, Corbell stated that the presence of TIC UFOs in our airspace is a mystery that needs to be solved. He also theorized that Element 115 could have revealed the presence of alien spacecraft on Earth.

Bob Lazar’s credibility

Lazar is regarded as the most important individual who uncovered the alleged activities of the government and extraterrestrials at Area 51. He was able to reveal in 1989 that the government and aliens were working together in secret bases. Thirty years ago, Lazar claimed that he was an engineer working at S-4, which was a hangar near Area 51. He said that the extraterrestrial seats found in the UFOs were made out of Element 115.

A Medium user known as SignalsIntelUFO was able to transcribe over 50 interviews with Lazar, which included details about his background and work. In 1982, Lazar claimed that he was hired by Los Alamos. He was working at the facility’s Meson Physics Facility. According to Terry England, in an article published on June 30, 1982, Lazar was working on developing jet engines.

Bob Lazar

During a podcast in 2020, Corbell revealed that during a conversation with England, he asked the scientist about Lazar’s work at Los Alamos.

During the conversation, Corbell asked England how he came up with the claims about Lazar’s work at Los Alamos. He noted that the scientist had to go through the process of writing a paper to prove that he was a physicist. England then said that if he had not provided the information to the media, he would have been blackballed by the facility. The Associated Press immediately picked up the story and repeated it.

Aside from England’s recollection, Lazar also gave an interview on December 20, 1989, where he provided more details about his work at Los Alamos. He talked about the nature of his role at the facility and the timeline of his work.

Lazar claimed that he had two masters degrees, one in physics and one in electronics. He worked at Los Alamos for a couple of years, before he was hired as a physicist. He was in the facility’s Polarized Proton Section, where he was involved in dealing with the accelerator.

Following Knapp’s initial report identifying Lazar, he claimed in an interview that he was hired as a technician. Lazar went on to say that he stayed in this role for a few years before he became a physicist.

According to the Los Alamos Monitor article, Bob stated that he moved to Los Alamos a month before starting work at the lab. On the contrary, Los Alamos confirmed that he started working there on May 18, 1982.

If Bob had only started working at the lab a month before the Monitor article was published, he would not have been a physicist by the time Terry England interviewed him. For several years, he was a technician at the lab.

According to George Knapp, he had been in contact with some of Bob’s former coworkers, who confirmed that he was a physicist. These claims were made informally, and one of them was Joe Vaninetti. According to Knapp, these individuals were friends of Lazar, and he only named Joe as the individual who confirmed Bob’s claim. Vaninetti also had a passion for UFOs, and he had been involved in research related to the phenomenon.

For over two decades, Jarmer worked in the lab’s Polarized Proton section. Also, Joe Vaninetti, who worked alongside Bob, was listed as an author on several of Jarmer’s research papers.

Image showing John Jarmer, Bob Lazar, and Joe Vaninetti’s lab directory entries at Area 51

Earl Hoffman, a physicist at Los Alamos, stated that Lazar was a technician, which would not have qualified him as a physicist. He also claims that he only knew about Lazar when they worked together in the accelerator.

Lazar was off in an adjoining building, which was a little bit different from the others. I knew him because of his unusual name, and I could hear the car driving up and down the town as it was fired up. I don’t believe that I have ever met him, and I would wager that he wasn’t a physicist.

In 2019, Jeremy Corbell conducted an interview with Robert Krangle, a scientist who has been consulting for Los Alamos since 1980. In the interview, he talked about his first interaction with Lazar.

According to Krangle, there was not much interaction between them. During security meetings, one would usually be briefed on what was happening in the facility. They would also ask questions only to be kept to a minimum.

According to Jeremy Corbell, Lazar was very different from the other individuals he worked with. He said that he looked like Hawkins, and he had a British norman facial structure. He also noted that they never worked together, and he would often pass him in the cafeteria.

Joe Rogan, who was also interviewed by Jeremy Corbell, stated that the story that Bob told was the same as it had been for a long time. He claims that Bob might have changed his words, but the actual thing remained the same.

16-12-2022 om 21:54 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:UFOs , UAPs , USOS

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 16/12/2022

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 16/12/2022

Smithsonian Cover-Up: Ancient Egyptians and Giants in the Grand Canyon

About 40 miles up-river from the El Tovar Crystal canyon, Kincaid saw stains in the sediment formation about 2,000 feet up. He tied off the boat and got out to investigate.

He followed the steps until he came across a cavern entrance. An entrance that was clearly man made.

Kincaid entered the cavern and turned on his flashlight.

On the walls he saw writing. But it wasn't English or Native American writing.

It was Ancient Egyptian Heiroglypics. Kincaid lifted his flashlight and saw that the tunnel ran far into the distance.

He didn't realize it at the time, but this was only the beginning.

#Ancient #Unsolved #Myste

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SpaceX launches NASA water-monitoring satellite, booster lands in California

A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launched NASA's Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite from Vandenberg Space Force Base on Dec. 16, 2022.

The first stage of the rocket landed back at the base several minutes after liftoff.

NASA's Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite aims to map Earth's water in unprecedented detail to help manage climate change, and to share data openly to assist communities with managing the precious resource.

Credit: NASA

Scientists Discover An Ancient Alien City Hidden Under Antarctica

Scientists Discover An Ancient Alien City Made of Crystal Hidden Under Antarctica
Admiral Byrd had been on several explorations before, but after the world war, he was asked by the government to go on the biggest exploration to Antarctica.
A Top Secret Expedition to the South Pole started after this.
The troop explored nearly one-fourth of the Antarctic coast, and also opened up the continent’s interior for scientific exploration.
But then, in the third month, something bizarre happened that the government allegedly keeps from the public even till this day.
They discovered a ancient alien crystal city under earth.

Plasma Cannons: The Super Powered Weapon of Tomorrow?

Space Station: ISS Russian EVA Canceled, Significant Soyuz Coolant Leak Raises Questions about Craft

Highlights from the dramatic events of Wednesday evening, December 14, 2022, when a planned Russian spacewalk was canceled because of a significant and readily visible coolant leak from the instrumentation segment of the Soyuz MS-22 spacecraft docked with the ISS. Stay tuned to NASA and your usual space news sources for updates on this developing story.

Ancient Aliens: TOP 10 ALIEN ENCOUNTERS OF 2022

Check out these groundbreaking extraterrestrial moments from 2022, in this Ancient Aliens compilation.

Watch all new episodes of Ancient Aliens, Friday, January 6th, at 9/8c, and next day on The HISTORY Channel website at http://history.com/schedule. #AncientAliens

Most Satisfying Machines That Will Amaze You

The state of technology is continually improving. Although we have visited the moon, we are now discussing a trip to Mars and how we will colonize it in the near future.

The journey from Europe to America would take hours, which would have taken weeks some decades back.

In this video, we're going to step back and examine some of the incredible and satisfying machines that technology has brought about to make our lives easier so you can see how far we've come. Here are the most satisfying machines that will amaze you.

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16-12-2022 om 20:49 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

More than 160 mysterious Nazca geoglyphs are discovered in Peru - including a Homer Simpson-style person, a snake and a cat-like creature

Experts report the discovery of 168 geoglyphs in the soil of Peru's Nazca Desert
The newly-discovered drawings depict humans, camelids, birds, cats and more
One looks like Homer Simpson with big cartoon eyes and a patch of face stubble

By JONATHAN CHADWICK FOR MAILONLINE

Researchers have discovered another 168 geoglyphs made in the soil of Peru's Nazca Desert, known as the Nazca lines.

The newly-discovered drawings – identified by a team at Yamagata University in Japan – depict humans, camelids, birds, killer whales, felines and snakes.

One of the human drawings looks like Homer Simpson, with big cartoon eyes and a patch of what looks like stubble around the mouth.

These 168 newly-found geoglyphs are thought to date between 100 BC and AD 300, according to experts, but other Nazca lines may go back even further to 400 BC.

More than 160 mysterious Nazca geoglyphs are discovered in Peru - including a Homer Simpson-style person (pictured)

These newly-found 168 geoglyphs are thought to date between 100 BC and AD 300, according to the Yamagata University experts

The Nazca lines

The Nazca lines are a group of geoglyphs made in the soil of the Nazca Desert in southern Peru.

They extend over an area of nearly 190 square miles (500 square km).

Most of the Nazca Lines were constructed more than 2,000 years ago by the people of the Nazca culture (c. 200 BCE-600 CE), though some clearly predate the Nazca and are considered to be the work of the earlier Paracas culture.

Subjects of the Nazca-made lines are generally plants and animals such as a monkey, a killer whale, a bird resembling a condor, a hummingbird, a pelican, a spider and various flowers, trees, and other plants - as well as geometric shapes, including triangles, trapezoids and spirals.

Source: Encyclopædia Britannica

Photos released by Yamagata University show some of the new discoveries, with lines manually added on the images to emphasize the original lines, which ahve faded due to erosion.

Yamagata University is working in collaboration with the IBM Thomas J Watson Research Center in New York to scan aerial images of the Peruvian site with artificial intelligence (AI).

It's thought AI can identify markings in the landscape that the human eye would otherwise miss.

'By using the newly discovered geoglyphs for AI analysis, Yamagata University aims to clarify the distribution patterns of the geoglyphs,' the university said in a statement.

'The results of this research will also be used for geoglyph conservation activities.'

The Nazca lines of Peru have fascinated archaeologists for centuries.

They are a group of geoglyphs – large motifs made in the ground – located in the Nazca Desert of southern Peru.

The UNESCO World Heritage Site stretches over an area of nearly 190 square miles between the towns of Nazca and Palpa, about 249 miles (400 km) south of Lima.

Archaeological surveys have previously found wooden stakes in the ground at the end of some lines, supporting a theory that ancient people used simple tools and surveying equipment to construct the lines.

Some geoglyphs depict animals, objects or compact shapes, while others are only simplistic geometric lines.

Other motifs already identified at the location include a dog, hummingbird, condor, monkey, spider and a mythical beast sticking out its tongue.

The newly-discovered drawings are thought to depict humans, camelids, birds, killer whales, felines and snakes (pictured)

The newly-found 168 geoglyphs are thought to date between 100 BC and AD 300. Pictured, one of the new discoveries, a bird geoglyph

What are geoglyphs?

Geoglyphs are works of art created by moving objects in the landscape, such as stones, trees and gravel.

A positive geoglyph is formed by materials being laid on the ground while a negative geoglyph is formed by removing material.

Though some geoglyphs clearly represent animals and other natural imagery, many have strange square, circular or hexagonal shapes.

The most famous geoglyphs are the Nazca lines in Peru, rediscovered in 1939. The cultural significance of these features remains unclear.

The Nazca lines were originally created by removing black or reddish-brown pebbles from the surface of the earth to expose a white sandy surface below.

The Yamagata team discovered them through field surveys conducted between June 2019 and February 2020 that used aerial photos and drones.

Adding the 168 new geoglyphs to those that are already known gives a new total of 358 Nazca Lines, they say, although they are thought to be hundreds more yet to be discovered.

Luis Jaime Castillo, a Peruvian archaeologist, previously told the Guardian that only five per cent of all the Nazca lines out there had been found.

Often, a geoglyph is too big to be appreciated at ground level, so only when one is high enough in the air can they discern the shapes of some of the designs.

For this reason, the intricacies of many of the designs were not fully realised until airplanes were invented and the artwork was seen from the sky.

The Nazca lines were apparently first spotted in 1939 when a pilot flew over the Nazca planes of the Peruvian coastal highlands – although its likely they were seen by locals on hill tops much earlier.

Contrary to the popular belief that the figures can only be seen from the air, many are actually visible from the surrounding foothills too.

The Nazca lines are a group of geoglyphs - large motifs made in the ground - located in the Nazca Desert of southern Peru

A spider geoglyph at Nazca. The figure is said to be 150 feet long and made out of one continuous line

However, the actual purpose of the mysterious Nazca Lines in Peru has long puzzled archaeologists.

Some believe they were intended to act as a kind of observatory, to point to the places where the sun and other celestial bodies rose or set in the solstices.

Other theories suggest that they were created to be seen by the gods in the sky, while it's also possible that they were artistic expressions much like the ones we see today.

By uncovering more of these mysterious formations, archaeologists hope to piece together clues about their existence, IBM says.

WHAT ARE PERU'S MYSTERIOUS 'NAZCA LINES'?

Geoglyphs span large land tracts located between the towns of Palpa and Nazca. Some geoglyphs depict animals, objects or compact shapes; others are only simplistic lines.

The Nazca people lived in the area from 200 to 700 CE. Some of the designs are believed to be created instead by the Topará and Paracas people.

Most of the lines are formed by a shallow trench with a depth of between four inches (10cm) and six inches (15cm), made by removing the reddish-brown iron oxide-coated pebbles that cover the surface of the Nazca desert and exposing the light-colored earth beneath.

This sublayer contains high amounts of lime which has hardened to form a protective layer that shields the lines from winds and prevents erosion.

An aerial view of a spiral-tailed monkey figure in Peru's mysterious Nazca Lines, located some 240 miles south of Lima. No one knows why the Pre-Inca Nazca culture made the figures and lines, some of them miles long

Paul Kosok, from Long Island University, is credited as the first scholar to seriously study the Nazca Lines.

He discovered that the lines converged at the winter solstice in the Southern Hemisphere.

Along with Maria Reiche, a German mathematician and archaeologist, Kosok proposed the figures were markers on the horizon to show where the sun and other celestial bodies rose.

Source: UNESCO

16-12-2022 om 00:40 geschreven door peter

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168 New Geoglyphs Discovered, Adding to the Enigma of Peru’s Nazca Lines

A newly found Nazca line image, a humanoid reminiscent of Homer Simpson. Source: Yamagata University

168 New Geoglyphs Discovered, Adding to the Enigma of Peru’s Nazca Lines

A fresh set of 168 geoglyphs have been discovered by researchers in Peru’s intriguing Nazca Lines UNESCO World Heritage Site. The newly found drawings depict humans, camelids, birds, orcas, cats and snakes as well as simple lines and geometrical patterns.

Interestingly, one of the 50 or so human figures in the set is cartoon-like, with big rounded eyes and a stubble-like patch around the mouth, and bears a resemblance to Homer Simpson, the popular American animated sitcom character, reports the Daily Mail !

According to Science Alert , when the Nazca Lines , located in the Nazca Desert some 400 kilometers (249 miles) south of Lima, was designated a World Heritage Site in 1994, only around 30 geoglyphs had been identified and they mostly depicted plants and animals. By 2019 the number had risen to around 200 geoglyphs, several of which were human-like figures. However, Peruvian archaeologist Luis Jaime Castillo told The Guardian in 2020, he believed this to be only 5 percent of the total number out there.

A snake geoglyph just discovered with 168 other images in the Nazca desert. (Yamagata University)

A snake geoglyph just discovered with 168 other images in the Nazca desert.

( Yamagata University )

Nazca Lines

The Nazca Lines are vast geoglyphs carved into the sandy, rocky earth of the Nazca Desert lying between the towns of Palpa and Nazca in southern Peru. They stretch across an area of nearly 500 square kilometers (190 square miles).

They were created around 2,000 years ago by the Nazca people who inhabited the region between around 200 BC to AD 600. Some of the geoglyphs, though, even predate the Nazca, and are attributed to the earlier Paracas culture.

Most of the lines are a shallow 10 centimeters (4 inches) to 15 centimeters (6 inches) deep and are formed by removing the black or reddish-brown iron oxide-coated pebbles of the Nazca Desert to expose a white sandy surface below. The sublayer contains high amounts of lime that has hardened to form a protective layer that prevents wind erosion to some extent.

Wooden stakes found in the ground at the end of some of the lines indicate that simple tools and surveying equipment were used to construct the lines that cover an extraordinary range of motifs from objects and shapes like triangles, trapezoids and spirals to flowers, trees and other plants, animals like a monkey, a condor-like bird, a humming bird, a killer whale, a pelican, a spider as well as humanoids and even a mythical beast sticking out its tongue.

A newly discovered bird geoglyph. (Yamagata University)

A newly discovered bird geoglyph.

( Yamagata University )

Although many theories have been advanced to explain what purpose the lines served, none of them is entirely satisfactory or conclusive. Some believe that they were etched to please the eyes of the gods in the sky. Another notion is that they point to the places where the sun and other heavenly bodies rose or set in the solstices and served as a kind of observatory. Thus, they might have had ritual astronomical significance. Or, they could simply have been artistic expressions with no deeper significance.

Since the geoglyphs are usually so vast that the shapes and patterns cannot easily be discerned at ground level, it was only after airplanes were invented that they came to be “discovered”. They are believed to have first been spotted by a pilot flying over the Nazca planes. However, since many are visible from the surrounding hilltops too, the locals were probably always familiar with them.

A cat-like geoglyph in the Nazca desert. (Yamagata University)

A cat-like geoglyph in the Nazca desert.

( Yamagata University )

The 168 Newly Found Geoglyphs

The latest explorations by a team from Yamagata University working in collaboration with local archaeologists have added healthy number of 168 new geoglyphs, taking the total tally up to 358, although according to Castillo’s estimation this is still only a drop in the ocean.

Field surveys conducted by the Yamagata researchers between June 2019 and February 2020, using aerial photos and drones, helped them identify the new geoglyphs. Since these geoglyphs are simply etched into the soil by removing pebbles and rocks from the surface of the earth to expose the surface below, coupled with centuries of light erosion, they are sometimes difficult for the human eye to identify. So some of the information gathered by drones is even being scanned by AI to help pick any markings that the human eye might miss.

While it is hard to definitively date the new geoglyphs, based on the dating of the clay pots found near them, they are believed to have been created between 100 BC and AD 300.

The Yamagata University researchers intend to survey the entire length and breadth of the Nazca site with permission from the Peruvian Ministry of Culture and with the help of local archaeologists. By uncovering as many of these designs as they can, they hope to crack the mystery of their creation.

Top image: A newly found Nazca line image, a humanoid reminiscent of Homer Simpson.
Source: Yamagata University

By Sahir Pandey

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15-12-2022

Dark Cube UFOs Seen Deep Within Sun, 12-14-2022, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: 12-14-2022

Location of sighting: Sun

Source: NASA/SOHO images

There was an explosion on the sun so big, it blinded the camera for a few seconds. It also lit up several planet size dark objects deep within the sun itself. I believe these objects to be the notorious black cubes we have all seen over the last decade. The objects have a square shape to them and are very big, over 5x the size of earth. Now the explosion lit up the area below the UFOs, highlighting them so that they could not escape detection. I'm sure NASA will find some excuse for these UFOs, but the truth is...NASA wont tell you the truth, never has about the subject of intelligent aliens.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

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Remarkable statement of NASA Chief Bill Nelson on UFOs, Aliens and parallel universes

During an interview last year on October 19th, 2021 NASA Chief Administrator Bill Nelson made some astonishing statements regarding UFOs/UAPs and the possible existing of advanced extraterrestrial civilizations on other Earth-like planets in the universe or in a parallel universe.

Some quotes of Bill Nelson:

We aim the search for extraterrestrial life, what you think we doing on Mars, we looking for life, this is part of NASA's mission.

This is what the telescope (new Webb telescope) is going to be looking for. Are there planets elsewhere that there is life. This is a mission that is constantly looking what/who is out there.

Who are we, how did we get here, how did we become as we are, how did we develop, how did we civilized?

And all those conditions are out there in the universe that has billions of suns and billions of other galaxies, my personal opinion is that the universe is so big and now there are even theories that there might be other universes (parallel universes) and if that is the case who am I to say that planet Earth is the only location of a life form that is civilized and organized like ours.

Are there other planets Earth out there , I certainly think so because the universe so big said Bill Nelson.

He also talks about the hundreds of sightings of UFOs/UAPs reported by navy and commercial pilots and says he doesn't know where they came from, but it goes without saying that he (and NASA) knows very well more about the existence of extraterrestrial UFOs/UAPs and where this alien technology comes from.

If you listen closely and watch Bill Nelson's expressions, you will know that he is in fact confirming the existence of extraterrestrial UFOs/UAPs and advanced extraterrestrial civilizations that inhabit Earth-like planets somewhere in the universe or in a parallel universe.

Video below:

Here is the full interview with Bill Nelson and skip to the 53.10 mark where he starts to talk about UFOs, aliens and parallel universes.

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Huge interstellar cigar shaped alien craft caught in deep space

A cigar shaped alien craft has been spotted on Google Sky map. The approximately 370 meter long object has been spotted while traveling between the constellations Aquarius and Pisces.

Although NASA and our government still deny the existence of these large alien spacecraft, the discovery of this UFO is again proof that many of these interstellar alien spacecraft are present in deep space whereby the space around the The Orion Nebula is known as a hotspot for these starships.

Sky map coordinates: -15.237063° -177.820446°

To see several cigar shaped (moving) UFOs near the Orion Nebula captured by telescopes, check out our label: Orion Nebula

Yet, over the years, similar UFOs have visited the sun too for reasons unknown to us, although it is said that they visit the sun to harvest energy.

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

15-12-2022 om 23:04 geschreven door peter

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The Lights Over Phoenix: Was it a UFO or Military Operation?

phoenix lights

On the evening of March 13, 1997, a group of people in Phoenix, Arizona witnessed something truly extraordinary: an enormous aircraft, bigger than any built by humans, slowly hovering in the sky. Some witnesses described it as a giant V-shaped object, with five major lights set into it, blocking out the stars as it moved. Others saw a formation of aircraft that seemed to be attached to something invisible, or surrounded by a force field. The giant aircraft made no sound as it slowly rose into the clouds and disappeared from view.

Many people who saw the lights that night believed that they had witnessed a UFO, and hundreds of calls were made to local authorities reporting the incident. Some even suggested that the lights were the result of an alien visitation, and that the inhabitants of Phoenix had been chosen by extraterrestrial beings for some unknown purpose.

However, there could be a more plausible explanation for what happened that night. According to the military, there was a planned military operation taking place in the area, known as Operation Snowbird. Five A-10 aircrafta, belonging to the Air National Guard out of Davis-Monthan Air Base in Tucson, took off into the evening sky with their Identifier lights on. These lights are different from the flashing strobes used on civilian aircraft, and appear as a single steady red light. The A-10s flew over Phoenix before coming to rest at another airbase, where they remained for the rest of the night.

It is possible that the people who saw the lights that night were actually witnessing the A-10s flying in formation. The size and shape of the lights, as well as the fact that they were seen moving slowly and hovering in the sky, all fit the description of the A-10s and their Identifier lights. Furthermore, the military has confirmed that the A-10s were in the area at the time of the sightings, providing further evidence that the lights were not of extraterrestrial origin.

While the idea of a UFO visiting Phoenix may be exciting, it could be possible this was simply a military operation, and not a sign of alien life. Or they are just trying to do a cover-up as they tried with weather balloon in Roswell UFO incident?

REJATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

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Radiance Technologies rumored to be working with extraterrestrial technology in Nevada

Members of Congress are reportedly investigating allegations that the Pentagon is hiding secrets related to unidentified flying objects (UFOs), including claims that aerospace contractors are studying and storing materials believed to be of extraterrestrial origin. In response, at least one prominent defense contractor, Radiance Technologies, has announced that it is actively seeking government contracts that might involve UFO technology.

Radiance Technologies has 20 offices in 17 states and specializes in developing advanced weapons and systems for the Pentagon. Unlike some of its larger competitors, the company has not shied away from the topic of UFOs, which has long been considered taboo or fringe. Tim Tinsley, an engineer who spent two decades working on missile defense systems before joining Radiance, said that the company would be open to accepting a contract to study a UFO. “Oh, sure, absolutely. Why not, right? I’m waiting for one of those.” Tinsley said.

The company has also recently hired Jay Stratton, a former Navy intelligence official and head of the Pentagon’s UFO Task Force, as a reverse engineering specialist. Astrophysicist Travis Taylor, who also worked with Stratton on the UFO Task Force, has also been hired by Radiance. The company’s news releases about the hiring of the two men specifically mentioned their UFO credentials.

Radiance Technologies is entirely owned by its employees, and is based in Huntsville, Alabama. The company’s website hints at the development of exotic defense technologies such as direct energy weapons, hypersonic missiles, and systems to defend against cyber warfare. While the company cannot confirm the allegations about the Pentagon hiding UFO secrets, it has positioned itself to potentially take advantage of any future contracts related to UFO technology.

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LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 15 /12/22

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 15 /12/22

Soyuz spacecraft still leaking on space station, 3 hours after detection

A Soyuz MS-22 spacecraft that is currently docked to the International space station is spewing coolant.

Full Story: https://www.space.com/soyuz-spacecraf...

The cause of this leak [is] not known at this time," NASA spokesperson Rob Navias said during live commentary. "Russian specialists are continuing to look at the data and discussing what may have triggered the leak."

The leak was first detected at 7:45 p.m. EST (0045 Dec. 15 GMT) as cosmonauts Sergey Prokopyev and Dmitri Petelin were preparing to exit the space station for a 7-hour spacewalk outside the station.

Credit: NASA

The Problem with Nuclear Fusion

Take the Real Engineering X Brilliant Course and get 20% off your an annual subscription:

https://brilliant.org/realengineering

Watch this video ad free on Nebula:

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6 Minutes ago! Nikola Tesla's Terrifying Message

Nikola Tesla is undoubtedly one of the greatest inventors of all time creating some of the most used electrical concepts we have in the world today. The creator of the alternating current which powers most of the world's electronics today was a celebrated figure, although most of his ideas were far ahead of his time and even fellow inventors back then couldn't possibly comprehend the futuristic claims Tesla made. But it turns out most of his predictions were far more accurate than even Tesla himself would have believed. In Today's video, we'll be showing you how Nikola Tesla predicted the future of 2025.

With over 300 patents to his name, Nikola Tesla was undoubtedly one of the greatest Minds of all time and while most of his inventions helped propel the world into the electrical age, his ideas were not always welcomed by the common ear. Tesla dabbled in all things electrical, from lighting bulbs with just his hand to transmitting electrical current without the use of wires. But even with all that innovation, Tesla still made some bold claims about advancement in technology that were strange to anyone in the early 20th century but have been realized 100 years later. Some of these predictions may be normal in today's world but it would astound you to know that Tesla predicted their existence well over a century ago.

CLIMATE CHANGE

Climate change is a hot topic in today's world with massive debates among scientists and experts about the current and future state of the planet's atmosphere and geology. Most people believe the effect of climate change is a product of activity from the last 50 years resulting from heavy greenhouse gas emissions from the carbon age. Black carbon, which is a chemical pollutant resulting from burning fossil fuel, has been found to contribute to increasing surface temperatures while other pollutants such as sulfate have been observed to contribute to cooling the planet's atmosphere. It's understandable to expect no one from before 1950 to predict the environmental changes our planet would face in the coming century, everyone except Nikola

The Discovery of an Alien Spacecraft Hiding in Disguise

They Are Here! Massive, Unidentified Object Detected by International Space Station. December 1998, the location, International Space Station. As the crew unpacks new hardware, they spot a shadow floating in space. Without wasting any moment, they quickly begin to take photographs. This unidentified object looks nothing like a man-made craft, so what could it be?

#alien #space #alienspaceship #nasa

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SpaceX Starship 24 fired up for short duration test, seen from Rocket Ranch

SpaceX conducted a static fire test of Starship 24 at their Starbase facility in South Texas on Dec. 12, 2022. Anthony Gomez captured video of the test from a few miles away at the Rocket Ranch, Texas outpost

(https://www.rocketranchbocachica.com/).

Credit: Anthony Gomez / Rocket Ranch, TX | edited by Space.com's Steve Spaleta

(https://twitter.com/stevespaleta)

Solar System? Horrible Places I Would Never Go On Vacation

Earth has terrible weather. Sometimes hurricanes and tornadoes rip off the roofs of houses or suc- up cars and drop them kilometers away. In some places on the planet, it rains so hard you could almost drown looking up at the sky. There are deserts where it is hot enough to fry eggs on a rock . . . In other places, it can be cold enough to freeze tears on your eyelashes.
Is there anywhere else in the solar system we could go to get away from this wild climate of Earth?
Well, apparently we would be spoiled for choice...
Our solar system is home to eight planets, a half-dozen "official" dwarf planets (although the number could rise into the thousands once we fully explore the outer trenches of our solar system), an untold number of comets, asteroids, and planetesimals, as well as more than 200 moons orbiting the outer planets of our solar system.
If indeed, as a very successful series of vintage-style tourist posters promoted by NASA would have you believe, the solar system had already been colonized to such an extent that tourist agencies were promoting trips to everywhere of it, which destination would you choose?

Colossal Object Found In The Zone Of Avoidance!

A Huge Hidden Galactic Structure Found In The Zone of Avoidance Behind Milky Way.
If you ever happened to go out during the night, far from the city lights, you might have seen the Milky Way.
It’s something incredible, to be seen at least once in your lifetime!
This is how it looks like from the Atacama Desert.

What we really observe is the internal part of our galaxy.
The solar system is rotating around the center, also called “bulge” of the galaxy, along with millions of other stars, and when we look at the Milky way in the sky we are actually looking towards more central regions in the disk.

The term ‘bulge’ is used to describe the dense spheroidal swarm of stars often found in the centres of spiral and S0 galaxies. The bulge of the Milky Way appears to be fairly typical – a slightly flattened sphere of radius ~6,500 light years – while bulge sizes in other galaxies vary from several hundred to several tens of thousands of light years, depending on the type and size of the galaxy.

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Huge interstellar cigar shaped alien craft caught in deep space

A cigar shaped alien craft has been spotted on Google Sky map. The approximately 370 meter long object has been spotted while traveling between the constellations Aquarius and Pisces.

Sky map coordinates: -15.237063° -177.820446°

To see several cigar shaped (moving) UFOs near the Orion Nebula captured by telescopes, check out our label: Orion Nebula

Yet, over the years, similar UFOs have visited the sun too for reasons unknown to us, although it is said that they visit the sun to harvest energy.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

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14-12-2022

Bright UAP ‘towered over US Navy ship in typhoon’ and was so huge ‘stopped rain’

ufo-over-navy-ship

During a typhoon in 2008, Bob McGwier was aboard the USS Blue Ridge. There, he saw a massive glowing object that was flying over the ship. It protected the entire vessel from the rain.

During that time, a massive typhoon hit the US Navy aircraft carrier USS Blue Ridge in a sea new Thailand. One of the people aboard the ship claimed that they saw a mysterious flying object that prevented the rain from falling on the vessel.

According to McGwier, he worked on classified projects while aboard a nuclear submarine. He also claimed to have encountered a frightening encounter while aboard another Navy vessel.

He also claimed to have seen other strange objects during his time aboard the ship. For instance, during a recent interview with Chris Mehto, he talked about the time he saw a massive shape hovering over the ship. You can watch the full interview in the Youtube video bellow!

During the interview, he noted that the typhoon that hit the ship in 2008 had winds of up to 90 knots and seas of up to 40 feet. Although the storm was raining, no rain was falling on the vessel.

As he looked out the window, he saw a glow in the sky. He then saw that the object was either blocking the rain from falling on the ship or it was a massive flying object. According to Bob, the glowing object looked like it was on a flat surface. He continued to observe it and noted that the object started to grow brighter before it disappeared. He concluded that it was a massive flying object that took off.

Over the years, various Navy personnel have reported seeing strange flying objects. In 2016, investigative journalist Jeremy Corbell released a series of videos that captured the alleged sightings. He claimed that around a hundred UFOs were spotted flying over nine US Navy warships in a month.

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UFO sighting near Lake Geneva, Switzerland – December 2022

These unidentified flying objects were filmed in the night sky near Lake Geneva in Switzerland.

Witness report:

Me and my boyfriend stepped on our balcony last night at 5:51 pm when he saw three lights moving synchronically upwards and disappearing. Video was taken yesterday 11th of December 2022. We ate not sure if they were just lanterns but they are definitely not airplanes.

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LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

OCEAN VORTEX SWALLOWS FLEET OF SHIPS | The Bermuda Triangle: Into Cursed Waters (Season 1)

The crew is on a mission to find evidence of Jingle’s fleet at the bottom of a mid-ocean sink hole. See more in this clip from Season 1, "Holes in the Ocean."

Watch new episodes of The Bermuda Triangle: Into Cursed Waters, Tuesdays at 10/9c, and stay up to date on all of your favorite The HISTORY Channel shows at history.com/schedule.

#TheBermudaTriangleCursedWaters

Ancient Japanese Atlantis Found Underwater | The Proof is Out There: Bermuda Triangle Edition

Divers discover evidence of a lost kingdom off the coast of Japan's Ryukyu islands that could be an ancient Japanese civilization.

See more in this clip from Season 1, "Mysterious Ruins." Love watching The Proof Is Out There: Bermuda Triangle Edition?

Stay up to date on all of your favorite The HISTORY Channel shows at history.com/schedule.

#TheProofIsOutThereBermudaTriangle

Perseverance captures sound of a Martian dust devil

NASA's Perseverance rover captured audio of a Martian dust devil on September 21, 2021 using its SuperCam microphone. The dust devil traveled "directly over the Perseverance rover," according to Nature Communications paper authors Naomi Murdoch and colleagues.

Full Story:

https://www.space.com/perseverance-ma...

Credits:

NASA/JPA-Caltech/LANL/CNES/CNRS/INTA-CSIC/Space Science Institute/ISAE-SUPAERO

The NASA Artemis 1 Mission Update Is HERE

RELATED

Sunspot crackling with strong M flares - See them in 4K time-lapse

Sunspot AR3165 has erupted with several m-class solar flares in a span of a few hours. NASA Solar Dynamics Observatory captured the fireworks in several wavelengths.

Credit: Space.com | footage courtesy: NASA/SDO/helioviewer.org | edited by Steve Spaleta

(https://twitter.com/stevespaleta)

RELATED

And a space tourism firm has completed its first successful test flight, flying a balloon 23 miles up – but a ticket on board will set you back $200,000.

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The eerie sound of Mars' 'dust devils': Recordings taken by NASA's Perseverance rover suggest whirlwinds reach over 387 FEET tall as they skim across the Red Planet

NASA's Perseverance rover has taken an audio recording of a dust devil on Mars
The whirlwind of grit was over 387 feet (118m) and blew at 25mph (40kph)
It provided scientists insight into the atmosphere and weather on the Red Planet
You can hear the blowing winds and sound of dust hitting the rover's exterior

By FIONA JACKSON FOR MAILONLINE

Dust tornadoes over 387feet (118m) tall are skimming along the surface of Mars, scientists have found.

Known as 'dust devils', these whirlwinds swirl around at speeds of 25mph (40kph), blowing up grit and particles as they go.

NASA's Perseverance rover took the first ever audio recording of the phenomenon, which provides insight into the atmosphere and weather on the Red Planet.

This could help engineers as they design future Mars missions, as bombardment from the dust has implications on the hardware we send up.

Recording of a 'dust devil' on Mars. Two periods of the low frequency wind can be heard as the dust devil leading and trailing walls pass over the rover. Grains impacting the rover can also be heard.

Dust tornadoes over 387feet (118m) tall are skimming along the surface of Mars, scientists have found. Pictured: A 70-yard-wide Martian dust devil

This is a spectrogram of the microphone sound showing the wind noise, grain impacts and also the rover pump harmonic at 760 Hz. A large grain impact causes an acoustic echo at approximately 6kHz due to sound reflections from the base of the microphone

PERSEVERANCE ROVER COMES WITH 23 CAMERAS

There are 23 cameras mounted to the Perseverance rover including:

Nine engineering cameras, seven science cameras and seven for entry, descent and landing.

The engineering cameras give detailed information in colour about the terrain the rover has to cross.

They measure the ground for safe driving, check out the status of hardware and support sample gathering.

There are Hazcams for hazard detection and Navcams for navigation.

Science cameras record in more detail and can even capture 3D images.

The Mastcam-Z on a 2 metre arm has a zoom feature for focusing on distant objects and can film video.

The Supercam fires a laser at mineral targets beyond the reach of the rovers arm to analysed the chemical composition of the rock.

Perseverance landed in the Jezero Crater on Mars on 18 February 2021, after a nearly seven-month journey through space.

Since then, the car-sized robot has been searching for ancient biomarkers in the Martian clay, which could indicate if alien life ever existed there.

It is equipped with 23 cameras that help it navigate, assess its safety and collect visual data on near and distant objects.

One of those cameras is the 'Supercam' – a suite of tools located on Perseverance's 'head' that contains scientific instruments, cameras and a microphone.

Sensors on other landers and rovers have been able to pick up vibrations on Mars in the past, however this microphone is the first to ever grace its surface.

It records samples at nearly 100,000 times a second, which gives researchers a stronger sense of the environmental conditions on Mars.

'We can learn a lot more using sound than we can with some of the other tools,' said Dr Roger Wiens, the principal investigator of Perseverance's SuperCam.

Scientists at NASA and the National Higher French Institute of Aeronautics and Space have used the microphone to make the first ever recording of an extraterrestrial dust devil.

Dust devils are common on Mars, and indicate areas of atmospheric turbulence.

They lift dust into the atmosphere - an important step in the planet's dust cycle, which helps regulate its climate.

This particular one was about 82 feet (25 m) wide, which is about ten times wider than the rover itself.

Perseverance (pictured) landed in the Jezero Crater on Mars on February 18 2021, after a nearly seven-month journey through space

Dust devils (pictured) are common on Mars, and indicate areas of atmospheric turbulence. They lift dust into the atmosphere – an important step in the planet's dust cycle

Prior to this recording, data collected by Perseverance's other sensors showed that over a hundred of these tornadoes have passed over the rover since it landed.

However, since the microphone is only on for about three minutes every day, it wasn't until 27 September 2021 that the sound of a dust devil was picked up for the first time.

You can clearly hear the blowing winds, with a faint pattering of grains bouncing off the rover's exterior.

As well as the audio recording, Perseverance took air pressure readings and time-lapse photos during this encounter.

Dr Roger Wiens, the principal investigator of Perseverance's SuperCam, said that all this enabled the researchers to follow the dust devil.

He said: 'We could watch the pressure drop, listen to the wind, then have a little bit of silence that is the eye of the tiny storm, and then hear the wind again and watch the pressure rise.'

This figure shows the relative size of the dust devil with respect to the Perseverance rover. The dust devil diameter (white circles) is 25 m. The blue dashed arrow shows the dust devil trajectory direction. The rover Navigation camera (Navcam) field of view is indicated by the pale triangle. At t1, Perseverance is in the leading vortex wall. At t2, Perseverance is inside the eye of the vortex. At t3, Perseverance is in the tailing vortex wall. The orange arrows indicate the clockwise rotational direction of the vortex winds

These are images taken of the direct dust devil encounter by the rover’s Navigation Camera (Navcam). The images have been processed to show the quantity of dust. The colour scale ranges from lowest dust content (blue) to highest dust content (yellow)

WHAT IS A 'DUST DEVIL'?

Dust devils are small 'but vigorous' whirlwinds that pick up dust, sand and debris it picks up from the ground.

They range from 3 to 30 metres in diameter on Earth, with an average high of 200 metres. Some have reached up to a kilometer.

They form when hot air rises quickly through the cooler air above it. If conditions are right this can cause a spinning effect as the air rises.

Source: American Meteorological Society

The team analysed all the data Perseverance collected together, and their findings were published today in Nature Communications.

They revealed that this tornado of dust and grit isn't quite as menacing as some of those we've experienced on our home planet.

He said: 'The wind is fast, about 25 miles per hour, but about what you would see in a dust devil on Earth.

'The difference is that the air pressure on Mars is so much lower that the winds, while just as fast, push with about one per cent of the pressure the same speed of wind would have back on Earth.

'It's not a powerful wind, but clearly enough to loft particles of grit into the air to make a dust devil.'

This will come as a relief to future astronauts, who can be confident that they won't have to face gale force winds while exploring the planet.

The dust devils may also have blown off grit that settled on the solar panels of previous rovers, helping them to survive on Mars for longer than they otherwise would have.

The Spirit rover lasted for six years, and the Opportunity rover remained active for nearly 15 years.

Dr Wiens said: 'Those rover teams would see a slow decline in power over a number of days to weeks, then a jump. That was when wind cleared off the solar panels.'

This could explain why the InSight lander, which currently sits in the less windy Elysium Planitia, is winding down its mission after only four years.

Scientists at NASA and the National Higher French Institute of Aeronautics and Space have used Perseverance's microphone to make the first ever recording of an extraterrestrial dust devil. Pictured: A dust devil photographed by NASA's Curiosity Rover

Prior to this recording, data collected by Perseverance's other sensors showed that over a hundred of these tornadoes have passed over the rover since it landed. Pictured: Three dust devils photographed by NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter

The researchers hope the microphone will be able to pick up the sound of dust devils that appear in different geological locations on Mars.

This will allow them to compare data from the different recordings to find out how the Martian landscape affects their properties.

'Just like Earth, there is different weather in different areas on Mars,' Dr Wiens added.

'Using all of our instruments and tools, especially the microphone, helps us get a concrete sense of what it would be like to be on Mars.'

If you enjoyed this article...

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NASA MARS 2020: PERSEVERANCE ROVER AND INGENUITY HELICOPTER ARE SEARCHING FOR LIFE ON THE RED PLANET

NASA's Mars 2020 mission was launched to search for signs of ancient life on the Red Planet in a bid to help scientists better understand how life evolved on Earth in the earliest years of the evolution of the solar system.

Named Perseverance, the main car-sized rover is exploring an ancient river delta within the Jezero Crater, which was once filled with a 1,600ft deep lake.

It is believed that the region hosted microbial life some 3.5 to 3.9 billion years ago and the rover will examine soil samples to hunt for evidence of the life.

Nasa's Mars 2020 rover (artist's impression) is searching for signs of ancient life on Mars in a bid to help scientists better understand how life evolved on our own planet

The $2.5 billion (£1.95 billion) Mars 2020 spaceship launched on July 30 with the rover and helicopter inside - and landed successfully on February 18, 2021.

Perseverance landed inside the crater and will slowly collect samples that will eventually be returned to Earth for further analysis.

A second mission will fly to the planet and return the samples, perhaps by the later 2020s in partnership with the European Space Agency.

This concept art shows the Mars 2020 rover landing on the red planet via NASA's 'sky-crane' system

A dust devil swirls across the landscape in Jezero Crater.

A dust devil swirls across the landscape in Jezero Crater.

(Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/SSI)

14-12-2022 om 21:45 geschreven door peter

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13-12-2022

Asteroids Didn’t Create the Moon’s Largest Craters. Left-Over Planetesimals Did

The largest impact basin on the Moon is the South-Pole Aitken basin. It, and other impact basins, were created by planetesimals according to a new study.

Image Credit: Moriarty et al., 2021.

BY EVAN GOUGH

Asteroids Didn’t Create the Moon’s Largest Craters. Left-Over Planetesimals Did

The Moon’s pock-marked surface tells the story of its history. It’s marked by over 9,000 impact craters, according to the International Astronomical Union (IAU.) The largest ones are called impact basins, not craters. According to a new study, asteroids didn’t create the basins; leftover planetesimals did.

Two craters on the Moon

A 2014 Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera image showing two similarly sized craters in Mare Tranquillitatis. Both are about 500 meters in diameter. One is littered with boulders and the other is not. This boulder discrepancy is likely due to age differences between the two craters. Image width is about 2 kilometers. North points up.

Credits: NASA/GSFC/Arizona State University

More information

The Giant Impact Hypothesis shows that the Moon was created when a Mars-sized protoplanet slammed into Earth about 4.5 billion years ago. The collision sent molten material into orbit around Earth. Some of that material fell to Earth, and some coalesced to become the Moon.

As the molten rock coalesced, the Moon experienced a phase called the Lunar Magma Ocean (LMO.) The Moon’s entire surface was molten during the LMO, and while astronomers do not doubt that massive objects collided with the Moon during that episode, there’s no record of them. Only once the Moon solidified could impacts leave a lasting mark.

This illustration shows the Lunar Magma Ocean and the first rocky crust on the Moon. Image Credit: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center

This illustration shows the Lunar Magma Ocean and the first rocky crust on the Moon.

Image Credit: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center

Researchers try to understand the Moon by piecing together the history of lunar impacts, and the solidification of the LMO marks hour zero for the Moon’s impact record. Since the Moon is geologically inactive, every impactor that struck the Moon since hour zero left a mark that’s still there to this day.

Some of the Moon’s craters are so vast that they’re called impact basins, not craters. Basins are not only larger than craters, but they’re also more complex and tend to have a central peak ring rather than a single central peak. Features larger than 300 km are called lunar impact basins, and there are about 50 of them. The Moon’s largest impact basin is the South-Pole Aitken (SPA) basin, and it’s 2,494.5 kilometres (1,550 miles) in diameter. Texas could fit inside it.

This image shows the main impact basins on the Moon. The left shows the lunar near side, and the right shows the far side. Image Credit: LPI (Paul Spudis and David Kring)

This image shows the main impact basins on the Moon. The left shows the lunar near side, and the right shows the far side.

Image Credit: LPI (Paul Spudis and David Kring)

A new study says the leftover terrestrial planetesimals formed these basins when they slammed into the Moon. The study is “Formation of Lunar Basins from Impacts of Leftover Planetesimals,” published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters. The lead author is David Nesvorný from the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI.)

The impactors that created the basins played a huge role in the Moon’s history and controlled much of its geology. When they struck, they removed existing crust material from the innermost peak ring and thickened the crust between the inner peak ring and the outer rim crest. The Moon’s mare basalts, which the Apollo missions sampled, are mostly confined to the topographic depressions in the middle of the basins. The impacts also created faulting and other deformations over large regions of the lunar surface and excavated mantle material. This exposed mantle material holds clues to fundamental planetary formation and evolution processes.

Some impact basins are still referred to as lunar mares because of their appearance. Ancient humans thought the dark regions inside the basins were oceans. The basins became filled with basaltic lava not when they were initially formed but when other impactors struck the opposite side of the Moon from the basins and triggered volcanic activity. Mares cover about 16% of the lunar surface.

Mare Imbrium, or the Sea of Showers, is easily seen from Earth and is highlighted in this map of the Moon. It's called a lunar mare because the Imbrium impact basin was covered in basaltic lava sometime in the past. The other large, dark spots are also basins created from asteroid impacts. Credit: NASA

Mare Imbrium, or the Sea of Showers, is easily seen from Earth and is highlighted in this map of the Moon. It’s called a lunar mare because the Imbrium impact basin was covered in basaltic lava sometime in the past. The other large, dark spots are also basins created from asteroid impacts.

Credit: NASA

When these basins form, the impact spreads ejecta far and wide, which helps researchers piece together the Moon’s history. A crater on top of the ejecta must be younger than the impact basin, and if a basin partially buries a crater, then the crater is older.

Previous research showed that asteroids from the main belt are responsible for these impact basins. “The basin-forming impactors were suspected to be asteroids released from an inner extension of the main belt (1.8–2.0 au),” the authors write. But in their paper, the authors say that most impactors were planetesimals. “Here, we show that most impactors were instead rocky planetesimals left behind at ~0.5–1.5 au after the terrestrial planet accretion.”

The Schrodinger impact basin is on the lunar far side. It's a strong example of a peak-ring basin, which has a central peak ring rather than a single central peak. Schrodinger is an ancient basin and formed around 3.8 to 3.9 billion years ago. Image Credit: NASA Scientific Visualization Studio (NASA SVS).

The Schrodinger impact basin is on the lunar far side. It’s a strong example of a peak-ring basin with a central peak ring rather than a single central peak. Schrodinger is an ancient basin formed around 3.8 to 3.9 billion years ago.

Image Credit: NASA Scientific Visualization Studio (NASA SVS).

Pingualuit Crater, northern Quebec, Canada

NASA’s Landsat 7 satellite captured this image of Pingualuit Crater on August 17, 2002. In it, water appears blue, and land appears in varying shades of beige. With a diameter of 2.14 miles (3.44 kilometers), Pingualuit Crater holds a lake about 876 feet (267 meters) deep.

Credits: NASA

More information on NASA's Earth Observatory.

More planetesimals collided with the Moon than show up in the record because planetesimals were more plentiful earlier in the Solar System’s history, and some would have struck during the Moon’s LMO phase. “… the first ~200 Myr of impacts are not recorded on the lunar surface,” the researchers explain.

The researchers created models to determine planetesimals’ role in forming the lunar basins. They based their models on previous research into terrestrial planet accretion that shows how planetesimals changed over time due to collisions with other objects. This is called collisional grinding, which eventually results in a uniform size distribution of planetesimals. They also relied on the dynamical modelling of asteroids and comets to see what role they played in lunar impacts.

This figure from the study shows early impacts of diameter d > 20 km planetesimals on the Moon. In the first billion years after the LMO solidified, leftover terrestrial planetesimals accounted for most impact basins. Over time, they were depleted from the Solar System, leaving only asteroids and comets as lunar impactors. Image Credit: David Nesvorný et al 2022 ApJL 941 L9

Image Credit: David Nesvorný et al 2022 ApJL 941 L9

The authors’ work shows that asteroid impacts created the most impacts in the last 3.5 billion years. But before that, planetesimals did most of the damage. “The integrated history of lunar impacts shows that leftover planetesimals dominated the early impact flux (t < 1.1 Gyr or T > 3.5 Ga; T is measured looking backward from today).” Comets created some impact craters in the Solar System, but not many, compared to asteroids and planetesimals.

Their results also show that about 500 20km diameter planetesimals struck the Moon during its LMO phase. But those impacts left no lasting mark.

The prominent Imbrium basin is a bit of an outlier, according to this work. In their model, the planetesimal that created the Imbrium basin “occurs with a 15%–35% probability”, was greater than or equal to about 100 km in diameter, and struck about 3.92 billion years ago. The authors say it must have formed late because it only has two smaller basins overlying it.

The results are supported by impacts on Earth, too. But without impact craters to study, researchers rely on spherule beds. When impactors strike Earth, they create a plume of vaporized rock. The rock condenses into tiny sphere-shaped rocks called spherules that shower back onto the Earth. They form spherule beds embedded in rock. “Our model predicts ~20 d > 10 km impacts on the Earth for T = 2.5–3.5 Ga.,” the study says. “This is similar to the number of known spherule beds in the late Archean.”

In this time interval, both main-belt asteroids and leftover planetesimals struck Earth. But, they write, “Whereas the asteroid impacts were more uniformly spread over the late Archean, nearly all planetesimal impacts should have happened before 3 Ga.”

This figure from the study shows the number of 10km diameter or larger impactors that struck Earth. Leftover planetesimals accounted for most of the impacts for the first billion years following Earth’s magma ocean phase. The number of spherule beds on the Earth agrees with their model, according to the authors. The inset picture is the Monteville spherule layer in South Africa. Image Credit: David Nesvorný et al 2022 ApJL 941 L9.

Inset Image Credit: Reimold & Koeberl 2014

Researchers are still studying the Moon’s craters and piecing together the Solar System’s history. While the IAU officially recognizes 9,137 craters, of which 1,675 have been dated, these numbers are likely to change. New research based on data from China’s Chang’E lunar orbiter puts the number of craters closer to 130,000. Other research puts the number even higher: two million craters larger than 1-2 km.

Whatever the eventual number, each crater is like a fossil. Earth lacks this fossil record, and piecing together the impact fossil record on the Moon not only reveals the Moon’s history; it reveals Earth’s.

Research Paper: Formation of Lunar Basins from Impacts of Leftover Planetesimals
Research Paper: Lunar impact basins revealed by Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory measurements
Universe Today: Impacts From Interstellar Objects Should Leave Very Distinct Craters

13-12-2022 om 23:59 geschreven door peter

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We Have Ignition! Fusion Breakthrough Raises Hopes — and Questions

A color-enhanced image shows the inside of a preamplifier support structure at the National Ignition Facility.

(LLNL Photo / Damien Jemison)

BY ALAN BOYLE

We Have Ignition! Fusion Breakthrough Raises Hopes — and Questions

For the first time ever, physicists have set off a controlled nuclear fusion reaction that released more energy than what was put into the experiment.

The milestone laser shot took place on Dec. 5 at the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Ignition Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California. The fact that there was a net energy gain qualified the shot, in technical terms, as ignition. “Reaching ignition in a controlled fusion experiment is an achievement that has come after more than 60 years of global research, development, engineering and experimentation,” said Jill Hruby, under secretary of energy for nuclear security and the administrator of the National Nuclear Security Administration.

However, officials acknowledged that it’s still likely to be decades before commercial fusion power becomes a reality. They said the most immediate impact of the breakthrough will be felt in the field of national security and the stewardship of America’s nuclear weapons stockpile.

If nuclear fusion power can be harnessed, that could open up a new era of cleaner, more abundant energy. One of the potential fuels for fusion is deuterium, an isotope of hydrogen that can be extracted from seawater.

Fusion takes advantage of the same reaction that lights up the sun. Unlike nuclear fission, which involves the decay of heavy radioactive elements, fusion smashes together lighter elements so forcefully that some of the mass of the fuel is converted into energy in line with Albert Einstein’s famous E=mc² equation.

Researchers around the world have been working to maximize the efficiency of fusion reactions in the lab. The biggest project is the international ITER experiment in France, which will use a giant magnetic confinement device known as a tokamak. The National Ignition Facility uses a different approach, which focuses a blast from 192 high-powered lasers on a tiny capsule containing a deuterium-tritium target that’s smaller than a BB pellet.

The NIF team has been trying to achieve ignition for years, but it’s been devilishly difficult to craft the target pellet and the geometry of the laser blast to produce the pressures and temperatures required for fusion. Mark Herrmann, program director for weapon physics and design at the Livermore Lab, compared the effort to a race between heating up the target and losing that heat due to tiny defects in the design.

“For many, many decades, we lost the race,” Herrmann said.

Thanks in part to machine learning tools, the design was improved over the past few months. At 1:03 a.m. PT Dec. 5, a laser shot put 2.05 megajoules of energy into the experiment — and got back 3.15 megajoules of neutron-producing fusion energy. “A gain of 1.5,” said Marv Adams, NNSA’s deputy administrator for defense programs.

Tammy Ma, who leads Livermore Lab’s Inertial Fusion Energy Institutional Initiative, said she “burst into tears” when she heard about the successful shot.

Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm said the achievement would “go down in the history books.”

“This milestone moves us one significant step closer to abundant carbon-free energy powering our society,” she said.

The wider fusion research community also hailed the breakthrough. “Today’s announcement shows the world that fusion is not science fiction: It will soon be a viable source of energy,” Andrew Holland, CEO of the Fusion Industry Association, said in a news release. “There are still many steps between these experimental results and fusion power plants, but this is an important milestone for fusion.”

David Kirtley — the CEO of Helion Energy, a commercial fusion company based in Everett, Wash. — said achieving ignition is “a really big deal for fusion science.”

“Even though at the National Ignition Facility, they were not focused on commercial energy, at Helion we believe this paves the way for private business to now focus and turn up the speed on getting commercial energy to the grid,” Kirtley said.

In a 2017 video, Universe Today’s Fraser Cain delves into fusion research.

The researchers behind the experiment didn’t downplay the challenges. Although the laser shot itself registered a net energy gain, Livermore Lab director Kim Budil pointed out that the total electrical energy required “from the wall” to support the experiment was 300 megajoules — roughly 100 times the amount of fusion energy produced.

“Our calculation suggests that it’s possible with a laser system at scale to achieve hundreds of megajoules of yield, so there is a pathway to a target that produces enough yield,” Budil said. “But we’re very distant from that right now.”

Moreover, the National Ignition Facility is designed to do a laser shot only about once a day, but a power plant would have to produce energy continuously. (And for what it’s worth, one kilowatt-hour of energy is equivalent to 3.6 megajoules.)

“A few decades of research on the underlying technologies could put us in a position to build a power plant,” Budil said.

Michael Mann, a climate scientist at the University of Pennsylvania, cautioned against getting too excited about today’s announcement. “I’d be more excited about an announcement that U.S. is ending fossil fuel subsidies,” Mann said in a series of tweets. “That doesn’t mean it isn’t good news, but it does mean that it won’t play a significant role in decarbonizing our economy by 50% this decade, which is necessary to avert catastrophic >1.5C (3F) warming.”

Focusing on existing sources of renewable energy and improving technologies for energy storage, efficiency and conservation are more realistic strategies for dealing with the climate challenge over the next decade, Mann said.

In addition to advancing the cause of clean energy, ignition contributes to NNSA’s national security mission, Adams said.

“First, it will lead to laboratory experiments that help NNSA defense programs continue to maintain confidence in our deterrent without nuclear explosive testing,” Adams said. “Second, it underpins the credibility of our deterrent by demonstrating world-leading expertise in weapons-relevant technologies. That is, we know what we’re doing.”

Helion Energy’s Kirtley, who conducted research into plasma propulsion systems before turning his focus to commercial fusion power, said the breakthrough could have off-Earth implications as well.

“Interestingly, I think this is even more applicable for space propulsion applications of fusion than it is for commercial electricity generation,” he said. “The pulsed inertial method that the National Ignition Facility is doing is a high-gain ignition type of system for electricity generation. Helion is focused on really efficient small-scale generators, but in space, the inertial application at high gain and high energy yield is really one of the key goals.”

Michael Eades, chief engineer for Seattle-based Ultra Safe Nuclear Technologies, said nuclear pulse propulsion is farther off than the systems that are the focus of his company’s research. Nevertheless, he said achieving ignition is a welcome development. “We’re excited by the news of the gain in energy, and we see it as enabling far future missions — maybe beyond the solar system,” Eades said.

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13-12-2022 om 23:37 geschreven door peter

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The Voids Closest to Us May Not be Entirely Empty

Map of the nearest voids to the Milky Way galaxy

(image credit: Courtois et al.)

BY PAUL M. SUTTER

The Voids Closest to Us May Not be Entirely Empty

The large scale structure of the universe is dominated by vast empty regions known as cosmic voids. These voids appear as holes hundreds of millions of light years across in the distribution of galaxies. However, new research shows that many of them may surprisingly still be filled with dark matter.

At the very largest scales in our universe, galaxies are not scattered around randomly like salt thrown on a table. Instead they follow a pattern known as the cosmic web. This is the largest pattern found in nature. The cosmic web is made of galaxies the same way that your body is made of cells…if your cells were a million times smaller.

Filling up the entire observable universe and beyond, the cosmic web is made of a series of interlocking filaments, clusters, and walls. Sitting between all those structures are the vast empty regions called cosmic voids. At the smallest scales these voids are 20 million light years across.

Map of the nearest voids to the Milky Way galaxy.

(image credit: Courtois et al.)

However, our observations of the large scale structure of the universe do not reveal the entire story. That’s because we can only see galaxies, which are a minority of all the mass in the universe. Most of the mass, somewhere around 80%, is made of dark matter, which is a mysterious form of matter that does not interact with light.

Scientists have been studying the nature of dark matter and the relationship between it and normal matter for decades using sophisticated computer simulations. Most recently, a team of researchers used simulations that represent the local volume of our universe to study the seven nearest voids to the Milky Way.

They found that while the giant gaps in galaxy distributions could be identified as voids, they were not always empty of dark matter. Indeed, half of them did not even have densities below the average density of the universe.

The astronomers were able to explain this result by the fact that not all voids are the same. Some voids appear as smaller pockets within a larger structure that is on average higher density than the rest of the universe. Other voids, typically the largest ones, expand to hundreds of millions of light-years across and take up a sizable chunk of the volume of the universe on their own.

The smaller voids that arise as pockets inside of larger structures are not fully empty of dark matter, while the largest ones are completely devoid of matter in their centers.

Understanding voids helps astronomers understand the overall structure and evolution of the universe. The researchers hope that by peering deeply into these abysses, we can also better understand the relationship between dark matter and normal manner.

13-12-2022 om 23:12 geschreven door peter

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James Webb detecteert meest afgelegen sterrenstelsel ooit

Turen in onze kosmos is een fantastisch tijdverdrijf en met de nieuwe James Webb-ruimtetelescoop van NASA kunnen astronomen dat nu veel nauwkeuriger. De telescoop zou vorige week een zeer oud sterrenstelsels hebben ontdekt dat tot nu toe niet zichtbaar was. Het sterrenstelsel zou ‘slechts’ 350 miljoen jaar na de oerknal zijn ontstaan.

Bron: The Guardian

Astronomen zeiden donderdag dat dit recent ontdekte sterrenstelsel wel eens het meest afgelegen zou kunnen zijn dat ooit is waargenomen. Dat record stond hiervoor op een observatie van de Hubble-ruimtetelescoop. Dat sterrenstelsel vormde zich zo’n 400 miljoen jaar na het begin van het heelal.

Het licht dat we op de beelden van de James Webb-telescoop kunnen zien is zo’n 13,5 miljard jaar geleden vertrokken. “De kans is echter wel groot dat dit record binnenkort weer gebroken wordt”, vertelt onze wetenschapsexpert Martijn Peters. “De James Webb is nog maar 6 maanden operationeel, dus we gaan nog zeer veel ontdekken”.

Het licht dat de James Webb-telescoop heeft waargenomen zou zo'n 13,5 miljard jaar op weg zijn geweest.

© James Webb Telescoop

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13-12-2022 om 22:45 geschreven door peter

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Amerikaanse wetenschappers kondigen doorbraak aan in kernfusie

Wetenschappers aan het werk in het Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

© via REUTERS

Amerikaanse wetenschappers kondigen doorbraak aan in kernfusie

In de Verenigde Staten hebben wetenschappers een doorbraak bewerkstelligd op vlak van kernfusie. Bij een experiment is voor het eerst meer energie opgewekt dan er was gebruikt. Dat meldt het Amerikaanse ministerie van Energie.

Bron: BELGA, ANP

KIJK.

Amerikaanse wetenschappers kondigen doorbraak aan in kernfusie: wat is kernfusie en wat is het voordeel?

Zo werkt het (infografiek via UKAEA):

"Doordat we isotopen van waterstofatomen (red. deuterium en tritium) gebruiken en we er zeer weinig nodig hebben voor een enorme hoeveelheid energie, is de brandstof quasi onuitputtelijk", legt de kernfysicus uit. Per kilogram brandstof zou zo in theorie 10 miljoen keer meer energie vrijkomen dan bij de verbranding van fossiele brandstoffen als kolen, olie of gas.

“Het experiment produceerde meer energie uit fusie dan de laserenergie die is gebruikt om de fusie aan te drijven”, aldus het Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), een federale onderzoeksinstelling in Livermore in Californië bij het ministerie van Energie. “Deze verwezenlijking is een grote wetenschappelijke doorbraak die tientallen jaren in de maak was.”

De Amerikaanse minister van Energie Jennifer Granholm prees de doorbraak als “baanbrekend, wereldverbeterend en levensreddend”.

Minder radioactief afval

Bij kernfusie worden in een reactor de kernen van verschillende atomen samengesmolten, het omgekeerde van kernsplijting. Deze techniek heeft een enorm potentieel als energiebron, omdat er grote hoeveelheden lichte kernen op Aarde aanwezig zijn, met name waterstof, waardoor de brandstof dus nagenoeg eindeloos voorradig is. Ander voordeel is dat er geen broeikasgassen vrijkomen en veel minder radioactief afval dan bij kernsplijting.

In theorie kan kernfusie een heel milieuvriendelijke bron van energie worden, maar om de atomen te laten samensmelten zijn intense lasers nodig, en die kosten energie.

Jennifer Granholm van het Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Washington.

© AFP

Een onderdeel van het Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory voerde vorige week een test uit. Het kostte 2,05 megajoule aan energie om 3,15 megajoule te creëren, werd dinsdag bekendgemaakt. Netto is er nog wel verlies, want het kostte 300 megajoule om de lasers op te warmen zodat ze 2,05 megajoule aan energie konden afvuren.

Kernwapens

De primeur kan ook helpen bij het beheren van de Amerikaanse kernwapens. Ook die gebruiken kernfusie. Door atomen in een lab samen te laten smelten, is het mogelijk om zulke bommen te testen zonder ze daadwerkelijk tot ontploffing te hoeven brengen. Daarom geven de Verenigde Staten elk jaar miljarden dollars uit aan onderzoek naar kernfusie.

© via REUTERS

De weg is nog lang vooraleer de oplossing op industrieel en commercieel vlak haalbaar is. Volgens Kim Budil, directeur van LLNL, kan dat nog enkele decennia in beslag nemen. Volgens haar zijn er vooral technologische uitdagingen.

Dat er eerst enkele honderden megajoule aan energie moest worden geïnjecteerd, is de keerzijde van het succesverhaal. De energieopbrengst is uiteindelijk een fractie van de input, aldus Tony Roulstone van de Universiteit van Cambridge. Om elektriciteit op te wekken moet minstens tweemaal de hoeveelheid geïnvesteerde energie geproduceerd worden.

Volgens Justin Wark van de Universiteit van Oxford kan het LLNL dit resultaat maar één keer per dag bereiken. “Een fusiecentrale zou dat tien keer per seconde moeten doen.” Wel is de fysicus optimistisch. “De basiswetenschap is vrij goed begrepen en dat zou verdere investeringen moeten stimuleren.”

13-12-2022 om 22:27 geschreven door peter

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Huge drop in UFO Reports Coming Into MUFON In Last 3 Months. UFO Sighting News.

Guys, this is really odd. I have noticed a huge drop in the last 3 months in UFO reports coming into MUFON. It use to be 30-50 per 24 hours, but now is closer to 3-12 per 24 hours. I am worried, because it began 3 months ago, when weather was warmer and people were outdoors more. Less sightings is concerning, because its like aliens have change game plans and getting us use to sightings little by little is being thrown out the window.

As if they came to the conclusion that it wont work, so...the big question is...what is the new plan aliens have that replaced the old one? Below is a screenshot which normally would be full for the last 24 hours, however it not covered three full days. Also reports coming onto Youtube and Twitter have slowed down dramatically. Something is up, something is about to happen soon.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

13-12-2022 om 21:49 geschreven door peter

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3 glowing UFOs a couple blocks from the US capitol, Washington, D.C.

triangle-ufo-washington-dc

This interesting UFO video of a three glowing orbs hovering in the sky above Washington, DC was filmed last week. What do you think about this sighting?

Witness report:

This was a remarkable sighting in person mannn , and Nooo it was not a lantern this object drew so much attention even people were pulling over cars to get out and record with us.

13-12-2022 om 21:11 geschreven door peter

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3 glowing UFOs a couple blocks from the US capitol, Washington, D.C.

triangle-ufo-washington-dc

This interesting UFO video of a three glowing orbs hovering in the sky above Washington, DC was filmed last week. What do you think about this sighting?

Witness report:

This was a remarkable sighting in person mannn , and Nooo it was not a lantern this object drew so much attention even people were pulling over cars to get out and record with us.

13-12-2022 om 21:11 geschreven door peter

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Close Encounters of the Fifth Kind - Full Documentary - YouTube

Close Encounters of the Fifth Kind - Full Documentary - YouTube

“Close Encounters of the Fifth Kind” is a feature documentary presented by Dr. Steven Greer, the global authority on extraterrestrials who created the worldwide disclosure movement and routinely briefs presidents and heads of state on the ET phenomenon. His previous works, Sirius and Unacknowledged, broke crowdfunding records and ignited a grassroots movement.

In this film, Dr. Greer presents the most dangerous information that the architects of secrecy don’t want you to know: how forgotten spiritual knowledge holds the key to humans initiating contact with advanced ET civilizations.

The film features groundbreaking video and photographic evidence and supporting interviews from prominent figures such as Adam Curry of Princeton’s PEAR Lab; legendary civil rights attorney Daniel Sheehan; and Dr. Russell Targ, who headed the CIA’s top secret remote viewing program. Their message: For thousands of people, contact has begun. This is their story.

Directors
Michael Mazzola
Steven M Greer

RELATED VIDEOS

13-12-2022 om 21:04 geschreven door peter

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West Midlands Policeman is writing a book about UFO encounters

Cover of the first book

Roy Teague, an inspector from the West Midlands Police Federation, is working on a book about the strange sightings of flying objects by officers. Although he has never actually seen a UFO himself, he’s hoping to hear stories about them.

After gathering a lot of information about the phenomenon, he started working on the book. According to Mr. Teague, the response to his calls for witnesses has been overwhelming.

He’s hoping to collect stories about these sightings so that they can be saved for future generations. He’s also planning on treating everyone who provides him with the necessary anonymity.

After watching a documentary about the alleged sightings in the US, Mr. Teague started to wonder who the best witnesses are. He said that he was most interested in finding out the truth about the matter since he believes that people who are in professional occupations are more credible than others.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

13-12-2022 om 20:52 geschreven door peter

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LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

See Sierra Space's LIFE habitat burst in new ultimate pressure test

Sierra Space "successfully completed its second sub-scale Ultimate Burst Pressure (UBP) test" in Nov. 2022, according to statement released by the company. The space habitation system prototype exceeded NASA certification requirements.

Credit: Sierra Space

RELATED

Fusion energy breakthrough and national security implications explained

NNSA Deputy Administrator for Defense Programs Dr. Marvin “Marv” Adams, and LLNL Director Dr. Kim Budil explain the fusion energy breakthrough announced in Dec. 2022.

Credit: US Department of Energy

Something Happens to Earth Every 200 Million Years

Earthquakes of unprecedented magnitude will destroy our metropolises. New mountains will rise right in the middle of the skyscrapers! And the remains of the ravaged neighborhoods will be swallowed up by a mega glacier. But the dead silence won’t last long. Soon, a comet will appear in the sky and turn the remnants of civilization into lava and ash! Our planet has cycles of catastrophic events that sometimes stretch for millions of years, and therefore, they are very difficult to notice.

RELATED

The Moon Is Not What You Think It Is!

The moon is the earth's only natural satellite- that's probably how you have always seen the moon. But the moon is not what you think- these are the 15 mysterious recent discoveries that would make you see the moon for what it is

12 Most Mysterious Ancient Egypt Finds That Scare Scientists

Ancient Egypt has been studied more than perhaps any other culture and country in human history. Because of that, you’d like to believe that we know everything there is to know about them. That’s not the case. There are many ancient Egyptian mysteries that we’ve never gotten to the bottom of and might never get to the bottom of - and some of them scare scientists stiff!

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

Scientists found giant black hole eating another one

A black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light can't escape it. But what if another black hole tries to eat it? Would it destroy it or would they two simply merge into a larger black hole? Astronomers have previously detected a black hole devouring neutron stars in a single bite. Let's see what happens if there appears another black hole on the way... Animation is created by Bright Side.

Massive, Unidentified Interstellar Objects 300 Miles Wide Detected By NASA

Massive, Unidentified Interstellar Objects 300 Miles Wide Detected By NASA.
Astronomers have spent decades looking for objects from outside our own solar system.
What would essentially be interstellar visitors from an alien star system.
To no avail. But it is when all hope seems to be lost, that some of the most marvelous things happen.
It was something like that for these astronomers. After decades of finding absolutely nothing, something completely unexpected happened. Two objects arrived, at once.

RELATED

13-12-2022 om 18:34 geschreven door peter

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Ancient Environmental DNA Reveals Thriving 2-Million-Year-Old Life on Greenland

Reconstruction of Kap København formation two-million years ago in a time where the temperature was significantly warmer than northernmost Greenland today. Source: Beth Zaiken / Nature

Ancient Environmental DNA Reveals Thriving 2-Million-Year-Old Life on Greenland

A “breakthrough” has been made in understanding the history of our planet. Studying ancient environmental DNA a team of researchers has now tracked and mapped the evolution of biological communities that existed some two million-years-ago (Mya).

Until now, the scientific understanding of Earth’s ancient biological lifeforms was greatly built on the oldest environmental DNA available, which was taken from a woolly mammoth that roamed in the Siberian tundra around 1 Mya. But a team of researchers has now sampled and interpreted DNA from sedimentary clay and quartz deposits taken from the permafrost of Greenland that dates back to around 2 million Mya.

Based on this new study of ancient environmental DNA, the team of researchers has presented a detailed picture of life in a 2-million-year-old (Myo) environment, describing it as “far removed from the icy shores of the Arctic Circle.” But more importantly, they think their new techniques and methodology might soon shine light on the ancient origins of humans .

A two-million- year-old trunk from a larch tree still stuck in the permafrost within the coastal deposits. The tree was carried to the sea by the rivers that eroded the former forested landscape. (Professor Svend Funder/Nature)

A two-million- year-old trunk from a larch tree still stuck in the permafrost within the coastal deposits. The tree was carried to the sea by the rivers that eroded the former forested landscape.

(Professor Svend Funder/ Nature)

Peering Through A Wormhole In Time

A new paper published in the journal Nature explores an ancient ecosystem through the results of an analysis of “the oldest ancient environmental DNA recovered to date,” anywhere. The samples were all taken in the north of Greenland, and the study reveals the animal and plant species that roamed these northern territories approximately two Mya.

Author of the new paper, Geneticist Eske Willerslev of the University of Cambridge in the UK and the University of Copenhagen in Denmark, says the new research opens “a new chapter spanning 1 million extra years of history.” And as a result of this new study scientists can now “look directly at the DNA of a past ecosystem that far back in time" added Eske.

Prof. Eske Willerslev and a colleague sample sediments for environmental DNA in Greenland. (Courtesy of NOVA, HHMI Tangled Bank Studios & Handful of Films/Nature)

Prof. Eske Willerslev and a colleague sample sediments for environmental DNA in Greenland.

(Courtesy of NOVA, HHMI Tangled Bank Studios & Handful of Films/ Nature)

Revolutionary Steps in Environmental DNA Analysis

The ancient environmental DNA was identified in samples taken at the Kap København Formation, located in Peary Land, North Greenland. Often described as a ‘polar desert’ this region is renowned for its rare fossils dating back to the Neogene period beginning 23.03 million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the present Quaternary Period 2.58 Mya.

Notwithstanding, because ‘vertebrate’ fossils are rare in the Arctic researchers have always struggled to obtain samples that reveal new data about ancient biological communities. Eske explains that all previous research suggested that around 2–3 Mya the Kap København Formation region had experienced a much warmer climate with “temperatures 11–19 °C warmer than today.” But the new research was constructed around extracted and sequenced DNA “from 41 organic-rich sediment samples taken from 5 different sites within the Kap København Formation.”

Newly thawed moss from the permafrost coastal deposits. The moss originates from erosion of the river that cut through the landscape at Kap København some two million years ago. (Professor Nicolaj K. Larsen/Nature)

Newly thawed moss from the permafrost coastal deposits. The moss originates from erosion of the river that cut through the landscape at Kap København some two million years ago.

(Professor Nicolaj K. Larsen/ Nature)

Mapping A Two MYO Ecosystem

Geologist Kurt Kjær of the University of Copenhagen explains that most of the samples were taken many years ago during other research projects. It wasn't until “a new generation of DNA extraction and sequencing equipment was developed” that extremely small and damaged fragments of DNA in the sediment samples could be analysed enabling the new “map a 2-million-year-old ecosystem."

The new model of the Greenland polar region some 2 Mya shows an ancient ecosystem thriving with fern and fauna. An open boreal forest was filled with “a mixed vegetation of poplar, birch and thuja trees, as well as a variety of Arctic and boreal shrubs and herbs.” Furthermore, mitochondrial DNA allowed the researchers to build a picture of the wildlife from the ground up.

On a microscopic scale, DNA was identified from microorganisms and fungi and the ancient world was populated by ants and fleas. On the other end of the spectrum giant mastodons roamed among reindeer, rodents and geese, and until this study it was thought that mastodons did not range as far north as Greenland. Then, in areas that were once ancient seas, the scientists recovered DNA from the Atlantic horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus).

Questing Ancient Origins

In conclusion, the authors suggest their data points towards “Earth's future in the face of a changing climate.” What they mean here is that they now have insights into the ability of different species to adapt to the changing environments resulting from temperature increases. Geogeneticist Mikkel Pederson of the University of Copenhagen said the new found information suggests that given time, “more species can evolve and adapt to wildly varying temperatures than previously thought.”

In the opening sentence this new research was described as a “breakthrough.” Why so? Now that ancient environmental DNA has been extracted from clay and quartz samples, and successfully analysed, the new technique might now be turned towards deposits from other locations around the world. Willerslev said “the possibilities are endless" and that if the new method was applied in Africa scientists might soon be gathering “ground-breaking information about the origin of the first humans and their ancestors."

Top image: Reconstruction of Kap København formation two-million years ago in a time where the temperature was significantly warmer than northernmost Greenland today.
Source: Beth Zaiken / Nature

By Ashley Cowie

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{https://www.ancient-origins.net/ }

13-12-2022 om 01:36 geschreven door peter

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James Webb detecteert meest afgelegen sterrenstelsel ooit

Bron: The Guardian

Het licht dat de James Webb-telescoop heeft waargenomen zou zo'n 13,5 miljard jaar op weg zijn geweest.

© James Webb Telescoop

GERELATEERDE VIDEO'S ( peter2011 )

13-12-2022 om 00:41 geschreven door peter

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When the Men in Black, the Trickster Phenomenon, UFOs and Doppelgangers Mix Together: Chaos!

Nick Redfern

One person who had a great deal of involvement in the investigation of the Men in Black enigma was the late Brad Steiger. Before his death in 2018, Steiger provided me with the following statement on his experiences with the MIB, which demonstrate the sheer, sinister nature of the black-suited creatures. Steiger said: “After more than 50 years of research in the UFO and paranormal fields, I have come to the conclusion that many of the mysteries that bedevil us are products of a reflexive phenomenon. This reflexive action does not usually occur in the more mundane pursuits of architecture, industry, mining, agriculture and the like, but once one begins actively to pursue Ufology or psychical research, one runs the risk of entering a surreal world in which the usual physical laws do not apply."

Brad continued: “In the case of the mythos of the Men in Black, I suggest that that eerie enigma may have begun with the machinations of a human agency assigned to investigate the actions of the more high profile investigators of the phenomenon and the more convincing witness of UFO activity with the goals of learning more about the growing interest in a worldwide phenomena. Somehow along the way, this activity of the human surveillance of other humans caught the interest of a nonhuman, paraphysical agency that has for centuries pursued goals that remain elusive, even sinister, to the individuals whom they visit. Whether motivated by a bizarre sense of humor, an essentially malicious nature, or a desire to learn how much some humans know about their eternal secrets, the Others began knocking on the doors of those who had witnessed or who had investigated UFO activity."

(Nick Redfern)

M.I.B. phenomena: Brad Steiger was an expert

Brad more to say to me: “Some of my experiences with the MIB seem most certainly the product of human surveillance that in most instances was conducted with awkward fallibility. Once in the golden era of MIB activity in the late 1960s while speaking to a fellow researcher on the telephone, our conversation was interrupted by a metallic-sounding voice chanting: ‘Ho, ho, UFO!’ Because it seemed that this got a rise out of us, this merry chant was repeated on a number of telephone calls with other investigators. A friend who had been doing a great deal of research on my behalf told of the time when he was anticipating a visit from me. He picked up the telephone to make a call on his private line, only to hear the following bit of very sinister conversation:

“‘Has Steiger arrived in town yet?’

“‘Not yet.’

“‘What motel will he be staying in?’

“‘The [correct name of the motel in which I had made reservations].’

“‘Don’t worry. Everything is set.’"

“At this point my friend broke in and asked who the hell was on his private line. There was a stunned silence, a click, then the steady buzzing that indicates a clear line. I had my own experience with the awkward telephone spies when I checked into a hotel and found that the bell man had missed one of my suitcases - the most important one with the slides for my lecture. I picked up the receiver to hear a man’s voice inquire: ‘When is he supposed to check in?’ “‘He is already in his room,’ I said in reply, though I knew the query wasn’t asked of me. “‘Oh, shit!’ was the profound response, followed by two rapid hang-ups." This, too: “Other experiences with the MIB are not so easy to place in either the Human or Non-Human category. A friend of mine was traveling in England before starting on an around-the-world junket with a layover in Vietnam to visit his son in the armed forces. He was walking near a railway station in London when he noticed three men dressed completely in black staring at him. When my friend returned their collective stare, they approached him and asked him which train they should take for such-and-such a city. My friend calmly pointed out that he was a tourist, and it made a good deal more sense for them to ask at the information booth just a few feet away."

Brad also told me: “My friend turned on his heel and walked away from the odd trio, but a glance over his shoulder told him that they were still standing there staring at him, unmindful of checking with the information booth. Suddenly ill at ease, my friend hailed a taxi and went directly to his hotel. When he got to his room, an uncomfortable sensation prickled the back of his neck and he glanced out his window. On the street corner, looking up at his room, were the three men. Baffled, he tried to push the incident from his mind. “A day or so later, though, he was confronted by one of the men who told him straight out: ‘You are a friend of Brad Steiger. Tell him we shall visit him by Christmas.’ My friend had only a peripheral knowledge of the UFO can of worms, but he returned to his hotel room and wrote me a long letter with the above details. Not long after I had received his letter, I visited a friend in another city and told him about the bizarre experience my correspondent had encountered in London. ‘Humph!’ Jim snorted over the lunch we were sharing. ‘If those monkeys come to see you this Christmas, send ‘em down to talk to me. I'd love to get one of those characters in my hands. I would solve this man-in-black mystery you've been telling me about!’"

And we're no nearer the end: “I laughed and warned him that he had better be careful or he might get his wish. “I had not returned from my trip by more than a few minutes when the telephone rang. It was Jim calling. Wondering if I might have left something at his place of business, I was informed that I had indeed left a most peculiar something behind me. Jim told me that I had no sooner started my homeward journey than he was told that a gentleman wished to see him. A secretary ushered a man of average height into Jim's office. But my friend said that his visitor was the thinnest human being he had ever seen. “‘He was cadaverous, Brad,’ Jim told me. ‘He looked like those World War II photographs of someone in a concentration camp. But he seemed alert enough, and so involved in his quest that he ignored my proffered hand of greeting. In fact, I tried to push shaking his hand, but he refused to touch me. ‘I hear you want to be the head of UFO’s in Iowa,’ he said quickly. ‘He took out a wallet, flipped it open, then shut, before I could see any identification. I can’t really recall anything else he said, because it was all so damned nonsensical. Soon he was gone, and I was still sitting there dumbfounded.

(Nick Redfern)

Beware of the Men in Black

“‘I jumped to my feet, though, when I heard his car starting. I got a good look at his automobile and I wrote down its license number. I can't tell you what make of car it was. It looked like a combination of three or four different makes and models, but it didn't really look like anything I had ever seen before. And the license number didn't check. The Highway Patrol said there was no such Iowa plate registered. A friend in another branch of state government, who owed me a favor, said the plate wasn't registered to any government agency, either.’ “The cases above are baffling, but in the following cases I suspect a human agency involved in a strange campaign that was conducted regarding Steiger imposters who spoke at various conferences around the United States. On occasions the imposters allegedly conducted themselves very well, thus making the whole enterprise of Counterfeit Steigers a seemingly futile project. On other occasions, the imposter’s assignment was quite obviously to taint my reputation.

“On a unfortunate number of occasions," Brad said, "I received letters complaining of my outrageous and insulting behavior while speaking at a conference. There were claims that I had openly berated my audience, calling them stupid for accepting the very premise of UFOs. A close friend happened to arrive on the scene after one pseudo-Steiger had departed and tried his best to assure the sponsors of the event that the rowdy, disrespectful speaker could not have been the real Brad. In his letter, my friend warned me that he had visited a number of lecture halls where the imposter had damned his audiences. “Someone seems out to damage your reputation,” he advised. In a most bizarre twist, dozens of men and women have approached me at various lectures and seminars, congratulating me about the manner in which I bested Dr. Carl Sagan in debate. The event allegedly occurred after a lecture when I happened to bump into the great scientist in a restaurant. The eatery, according to the witnesses, was crowded with those who had attended the seminar, and they egged on a debate between myself and Dr. Sagan. I mopped up the floor with him, countering his every argument against the reality of UFOs."" Now, things get really odd. Brad said:

“The truth is that I never met Dr. Sagan, therefore, neither had I ever debated him. But from coast to coast, there are those who claim to have witnessed my triumphal bout. I think of Doppelgangers. Even more individuals claim to have been in the audience when I delivered a rousing message from the Space Brothers in Seattle. Regardless of how often I deny that I was not in Seattle at that time and have never channeled the Space Brothers, those who were at that event are puzzled why I would deny my eloquence. It is true, that I have met and interviewed men and women who do claim to speak on behalf of Extraterrestrial Intelligences, but in retrospect, I found such a privilege to carry with it many possible negative experiences. I think of the reminiscences that I have shared with an Iowa farm family about those weird and wild MIB days. UFOs had become a part of this family’s life several years before one of its male members became a ‘channel’ for an entity who claimed to be from another world. The invisible telepathic being began communicating with the family because they had been ‘selected before they had been born’ to assist him in doing ‘His’ work and in protecting Earth from another group of intelligences who sought to enslave mankind."

Brad expanded on all of this: “The communicating entity led the various members of the family circle on a number of ‘assignments’ designed to save the Earth and to serve the benign entity and his kind. But always, the entity warned them, there was the enemy group with its men in black, seeking whom they might devour. The family, who became ‘flying saucer missionaries,’ saw mysterious fellow passengers board airplanes with them--then disappear somewhere in mid-flight. Automobiles appeared out of nowhere to follow and harass them. A man claiming to be from a state educational division called at the high school and talked for over an hour with one of the teenaged girl members of the family. The only questions he asked had to do with whether or not she would be able to recognize a spy. When suspicious adult members of the beleaguered family checked with school administrators, they were informed that they had no knowledge of such a man nor of such a division within the state educational system. [Interestingly, I have now met with a number of adults who claimed such an experience with an MIB who claimed to be a representative from the state educational division who took them out of class for a ‘test.’"

(Nick Redfern)

Strangers in the night

“The girl who had been interrogated by the unidentified man also developed into a “channel” for the communicating entity, and soon several members of the family were practicing automatic writing. And, finally: “UFO’s swooped low overhead at night. Eerie lights were seen to dance about in the fields. Invisible entities snatched keys from their resting places and jangled them about the room, terrifying the children. Unseen hands lifted a mattress on which one couple lay sleeping, under which were some ‘secret’ papers that the principal communicating entity had dictated. Their farm work was being ignored. Their lives had become a living nightmare in which every stranger was suspect, every sound in the night that of an invader, every strange coincidence imbued with desperate and weighty significance. “At last the full realization that they had been deceived - that they had been led into a silly game - jolted them into determined action, and they resumed meaningful living, becoming a quite prosperous farm family. Although some of their past experiences seemed foolish in retrospect, they had to agree that they had learned valuable lessons from their strange companions.

“Now days whenever I review those days of encounters with the men in black, I am led to think of the mythological figure common to all cultures and known generically to ethnologists as the Trickster. The Trickster plays pranks upon mankind, but often at the same time he is instructing them or transforming aspects of the world for the benefit of his human charges. Most cultures view the Trickster as a primordial being who came into existence soon after the creation of the world. A number of Amerindian tribes referred to their Trickster figure as 'Old Man,' because they saw him as someone who was ageless, as old as time. The Trickster is usually viewed as a supernatural being with the ability to change his shape at will. Although basically wily, he may behave in a very stupid, childish manner at times, and may often end up as the one who is tricked. The Trickster lies, cheats, and steals without compunction. He seems often to be the very essence of amoral animalism. The Trickster figure is often credited with bringing death and pain into the world; yet, in some recitations, his own son was the first to die as a result. Perhaps one day we will learn the positive aspect of the MIB, the Trickster, the UFOnaut. As strange as it may seem, the MIB may merely be attempting to teach in their own strange ways the knowledge, or awareness, of powers that today exist only in our dreams of the future.” A fascinating piece of material provided to me, thanks to Brad Steiger.

13-12-2022 om 00:18 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:MYSTERIES ( Fr, Nl, E)

12-12-2022

Black Holes Shouldn’t be Able to Merge, but Dozens of Mergers Have Been Detected. How Do They Do It?

black holes in a globular cluster

This is an artist’s impression created to visualize the concentration of black holes at the center of globular cluster NGC 6397.

Credit: ESA/Hubble, N. Bartmann

BY CAROLYN COLLINS PETERSEN

Black Holes Shouldn’t be Able to Merge, but Dozens of Mergers Have Been Detected. How Do They Do It?

Who knows what lurks in the hearts of some globular clusters? Astronomers using a collection of gravitational wave observatories found evidence of collections of smaller black holes dancing together as binaries in the hearts of globulars. What’s more, they’ve detected an increased number of gravitational wave events when some of these stellar-mass black holes crashed together.

The globular cluster NGC 6397 contains many stellar-mass black holes among its 400,000+ stars. It orbits the Milky Way at a distance of about 8,000 light-years from Earth. It has undergone core collapse, with a tightly packed core. Not only does that core contain stars, but also white dwarfs and neutron stars, indicating the aging stellar population.

Image courtesy NASA/ESA/STScI.

Stellar-mass Black Holes in a Crowded Environment

Black holes are notoriously tricky objects. The stellar-mass types form when supermassive stars die and collapse on themselves. Typically, they shouldn’t be able to merge easily. Once black holes get fairly close together in binary pairs, they can settle into fairly stable orbits with each other. The situation changes, however, if they’re dancing together in a crowded environment. That actually describes globular clusters to a T. Those stellar agglomerations contain tens of thousands or even millions of stars packed together. Those stars are tightly gravitationally bound together, which creates a gravity “gradient” from the outside into the core. As aging supermassive stars in a globular die, some end up as stellar-mass black holes. Eventually, they sink to the core of the cluster. That’s called “mass segregation”. Eventually, they create a sort of “invisible dark core”.

Black holes in binary pairs in the cluster are most likely to merge. They get a little help from their neighbors along the way. Any nearby massive objects can remove orbital energy from the binary pair. Astronomers call these “dynamical interactions”. The loss of energy pushes them close together and affects the shape of the orbit to make it more elongated. That takes the black hole pair out of the stable orbit they’ve enjoyed.

If this is actually what’s happening, then the black holes pass closer and closer together under the effect of the gravitational interaction. Eventually, a merger occurs. That sets off gravitational waves that we can detect here on Earth. When two black holes are in such an elongated orbit, their gravitational wave signal has characteristic “fingerprints”. Those are clues that can be studied for clues to where the two objects met.

Learning from Black Hole Mergers in Globulars

A team of researchers led by Dr. Isobel Romero-Shaw (formerly of Monash University, now based at the University of Cambridge), with Professors Paul Lasky and Eric Thrane of Monash University, are working together to study those orbital shapes of the black hole binaries just before they merge. They find that some of the binaries observed by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration (a cooperative between three gravitational wave observatories) likely to have those elongated orbits. That indicates that the binaries collided in their densely populated star cluster core. These findings also indicate that a large chunk of the observed binary black hole collisions — at least 35% — could have been forged in such star clusters.

“I like to think of black hole binaries like dance partners”, said Dr. Romero-Shaw. “When a pair of black holes evolve together in isolation, they’re like a couple performing a slow waltz alone in the ballroom. It’s very controlled and careful; beautiful, but nothing unexpected. Contrasting to that is the carnival-style atmosphere inside a star cluster, where you might get lots of different dances happening simultaneously; big and small dance groups, freestyle, and lots of surprises!”

There are a lot of these collisional dances to study. Since 2015, at least 85 pairs of black holes have crashed into each other and been detected by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration. Based on this finding, astronomers in the consortium know these cosmic collisions happen pretty often. The next steps are to observe as many of these as possible, particularly with ever-improving instrumentation. As detector sensitivity improves, researchers should sense these gravitational wave events frequently—perhaps daily. The big question remains, however, what kicks off the final merger event? That’s what the teams are hoping to find out as they observe more of them in the hearts of globular clusters.

About the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration

Gravitational wave research into these kinds of mergers requires worldwide cooperation. That’s because multiple gravitational wave detectors can make it easier for verified events to be studied. The twin LIGO observatories in the United States work together with the Virgo facility in Italy and the KAGRA observatory in Japan. They carry out joint observations and analysis of resulting data and have worked together since 2010. The research team now expects to sense more mergers of binaries in globular clusters during the next LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run, which begins in 2023.

For More Information

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Webb Completes its First “Deep Field” With Nine Days of Observing Time. What did it Find?

This image taken by the James Webb Space Telescope highlights the region of study by the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES). This area is in and around the Hubble Space Telescope’s Ultra Deep Field.

Image Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, and M. Zamani (ESA/Webb).

BY EVAN GOUGH

Webb Completes its First “Deep Field” With Nine Days of Observing Time. What did it Find?

About 13 billion years ago, the stars in the Universe’s earliest galaxies sent photons out into space. Some of those photons ended their epic journey on the James Webb Space Telescope’s gold-plated, beryllium mirrors in the last few months. The JWST gathered these primordial photons over several days to create its first “Deep Field” image.

One of the JWST’s primary objectives is to study the Universe’s first galaxies. The results will help astrophysicists piece together the Universe’s history and how galaxies evolved. These early galaxies are extremely faint, but JWST was built to find them.

“So many questions about galaxies have been waiting for the transformative opportunity of Webb, and we’re thrilled to be able to play a part in revealing this story.”
Sandro Tacchella, astronomer, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom

Many things in nature masquerade as something else. Only after scientists apply their skills do we approach the truth. Early thinkers thought that everything in the Universe revolved around Earth, placing humanity at the center of everything, a confounding misapprehension that still befuddles humankind to this day. Eventually, we figured it out, thanks to Copernicus and those that followed. Natural features on Mars looked like canals built by a Martian civilization, getting everyone excited and even fooling some scientists. Eventually, better telescopes revealed the truth. There are endless examples of this.

Younger galaxies can masquerade as ancient galaxies, a problem that has plagued our attempts to understand the evolution of galaxies. The early Universe was almost entirely made of two lightest, simplest elements, hydrogen and helium. As a result, the stars that comprise the earliest galaxies are made almost entirely of hydrogen and helium. They have “low metallicity” in astronomical jargon.

Confusingly, some younger galaxies also have low metallicity. They should have much more than just hydrogen and helium in them because so many stars lived and died before these galaxies formed. And stars are what forge heavier elements, sending them out into space when they die to be taken up by the next generation of stars.

But the JWST isn’t easily fooled.

Illustration of NASA's James Webb Space Telescope. The JWST's gold-plated beryllium mirrors and fine instruments let it distinguish young galaxies from older galaxies. Credits: NASA

Illustration of NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope. The JWST’s gold-plated beryllium mirrors and fine instruments let it distinguish young galaxies from older galaxies.

Credits: NASA

The JWST can more precisely dissect the light from these galaxies than any of its predecessors. It needs to be kept ultra-cold to observe infrared light in such detail, which is why it sits way out in space, sheltered by a massive sun shield. The JWST’s Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) and Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) were both brought to bear on this latest observing effort, and the teams operating each instrument collaborated closely to achieve these results.

“It was crucial to prove that these galaxies do, indeed, inhabit the early universe. It’s very possible for closer galaxies to masquerade as very distant galaxies,” said astronomer Emma Curtis-Lake from the University of Hertfordshire in the United Kingdom. “Seeing the spectrum revealed as we hoped, confirming these galaxies as being at the true edge of our view, some further away than Hubble could see! It is a tremendously exciting achievement for the mission.”

Two upcoming papers will present the new results from the JWST’s Deep Field observations. One is “Spectroscopy of four metal-poor galaxies beyond redshift ten,” by Curtis-Lake et al. 2022. The other is “Discovery and properties of the earliest galaxies with confirmed distances,” by Robertson et al. 2022. Neither one has been peer-reviewed yet.

The Hubble Space Telescope introduced us to Deep Field observations. When astronomers pointed the Hubble at a patch of sky that appeared empty and let it gather photons for more than 11 days in 2003 and 2004, it revealed something extraordinary. What was masquerading as empty space was full of galaxies. Its Ultra-Deep Field image found almost 10,000 galaxies in a tiny patch of dark sky, and astronomers think that about 800 of the faintest, reddest ones are some of the Universe’s primordial galaxies.

The Hubble Ultra Deep Field is seen in ultraviolet, visible, and infrared light. Image Credit: NASA, ESA, H. Teplitz and M. Rafelski (IPAC/Caltech), A. Koekemoer (STScI), R. Windhorst (Arizona State University), and Z. Levay (STScI)

The Hubble Ultra Deep Field is seen in ultraviolet, visible, and infrared light.

Image Credit: NASA, ESA, H. Teplitz and M. Rafelski (IPAC/Caltech), A. Koekemoer (STScI), R. Windhorst (Arizona State University), and Z. Levay (STScI)

But we needed a more powerful telescope with better instruments to study them.

NIRCam and NIRSpec were built to find these early galaxies, and they’re succeeding. The team behind both instruments got together before the telescope was completed and launched to develop JADES, the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey. JADES will give astronomers an unprecedented, deep and detailed look at the Universe’s earliest galaxies. “These results are the culmination of why the NIRCam and NIRSpec teams joined together to execute this observing program,” shared co-author Marcia Rieke, NIRCam principal investigator from the University of Arizona in Tucson.

The JWST’s ability to distinguish ancient galaxies is based on the Lyman break. The Lyman break is related to how neutral gas absorbs light in the star-forming regions of distant galaxies. The more distant a galaxy is, the more red-shifted its light is. This light stretching puts the Lyman break at a different position in spectrometric observations. The JWST can spot the Lyman break with its keen infrared capabilities.

This image from the JADES survey shows how the JWST can find the Lyman break. Higher redshift galaxies are the oldest galaxies, and the Lyman break appears at a different place in spectrometry depending on a galaxy’s age. This is how the JWST can distinguish the Universe’s earliest galaxies from younger galaxies in a way that the Hubble couldn’t.

Image Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, M. Zamani (ESA/Webb), Leah Hustak (STScI), Brant Robertson (UC Santa Cruz), S. Tacchella (Cambridge), E. Curtis-Lake (UOH), S. Carniani (Scuola Normale Superiore), JADES Collaboration

The JWST captured its Deep Field in the same region of the sky the Hubble captured its Ultra-Deep Field. Telescopes have been studying this region for about 20 years, creating a complete data set across the electromagnetic spectrum. The Webb’s observations build on this archive, adding the deepest, most light-sensitive observations yet.

The JWST’s field is 15 times larger than the Hubble’s and is deeper and sharper. The NIRCam image is only the size a human appears when viewed from a mile away, but it contains over 100,000 galaxies. Because of the JWST’s power, astronomers can be certain that some of them are the earliest galaxies to form in the Universe.

“For the first time, we have discovered galaxies only 350 million years after the big bang, and we can be absolutely confident of their fantastic distances,” shared co-author Brant Robertson from the University of California Santa Cruz, a member of the NIRCam science team. “To find these early galaxies in such stunningly beautiful images is a special experience.”

The team used the telescope’s NIRSpec instrument to examine the light from 250 of the faintest galaxies in the image over the course of 28 hours. The spectra presented precise measurements of each of the galaxies’ redshifts, revealing the properties of the stars and gas in each one.

“These are by far the faintest infrared spectra ever taken,” said astronomer and co-author Stefano Carniani from Scuola Normale Superiore in Italy. “They reveal what we hoped to see: a precise measurement of the cutoff wavelength of light due to the scattering of intergalactic hydrogen.”

Out of over 100,000 galaxies in the JWST Deep Field, researchers zeroed in on four of them. All four have redshifts greater than 10, with two having redshifts of 13. Redshift tells astronomers how long light has taken to reach us (but not how far away something is because the Universe is expanding.) A redshift value of 10 means the light has been travelling for 13.184 billion years. The light from redshift 13 galaxies was among the first light to be sent out into the Universe after the Big Bang.

Those are the galaxies astronomers were hoping to spot with the JWST, and that’s what the telescope is doing. These galaxies illuminated the Cosmic Dawn and are critical to understanding how galaxies form and evolve. “Galaxies forming at these times may be the seeds of the much more massive and mature galaxies in the local Universe,” Curtis-Lake and co-authors explain in their paper.

An artist’s representation of what the first stars to light up the universe might have looked like in the Cosmic Dawn.

Image Credit: NASA/WMAP Science Team

The Cosmic Dawn represents a gap in our understanding of the Universe, and attempts to fill in that gap rely on a number of assumptions about gas temperature and other factors. But with its precise instruments, astronomers hope the JWST can fill the gap with data.

“It is hard to understand galaxies without understanding the initial periods of their development. Much as with humans, so much of what happens later depends on the impact of these early generations of stars,” said astronomer and co-author Sandro Tacchella from the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom. “So many questions about galaxies have been waiting for the transformative opportunity of Webb, and we’re thrilled to be able to play a part in revealing this story.“

In their paper, Curtis-Lake and her co-authors acknowledge this milestone in cosmology. “We conclude by emphasizing that this is clearly a milestone result for the JWST mission, pushing the spectroscopic frontier to a markedly earlier epoch of galaxy formation,” they write.

The JWST is only at the beginning of its mission, and finding these Lyman dropouts in ancient galaxies is a critical step. “In addition to providing clear detections of the Lyman dropouts as high as z = 13.2, these JADES observations also show the power of spectroscopy to probe the physics of these galaxies and the IGM,” write Curtis-Lake and her co-authors.

“Truly, this is just a starting point for the mission.”

By CHRISTOPHER CARBONE U.S. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDITOR FOR DAILYMAIL.COM

12-12-2022 om 23:42 geschreven door peter

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Scientists unlock secrets of 'burping’ supermassive black holes that are surrounded by mysterious radio bubbles by using West Virginia’s Green Bank Telescope

Scientists have a new understanding about supermassive black holes thanks to data gathered by West Virginia's Green Bank Telescope
A team of astronomers used a telescope to image galaxy cluster MS0735 in a way that distorts the cosmic microwave background
Supermassive black holes are located deep within the center of galaxies in areas where temperatures run up to 50 million degrees Celsius
'We’re looking at one of the most energetic outbursts ever seen from a supermassive black hole,' Jack Orlowski-Scherer, the study's lead author, said

Scientists have a new understanding about supermassive black holes thanks to data gathered by the Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia.

Supermassive black holes are located deep within the center of galaxies in areas where temperatures run up to 50 million degrees Celsius. The black hole will sometimes reheat the gas surrounding it in violent bursts - 'burps' - from its center.

These gas jets carve out immense cavities within the hot cluster, which then pushes hot gas farther from the center and replaces it with radio-emitting bubbles. If they can learn more about what’s left behind filling in these cavities, scientists can begin to understand what made them in the first place.

'We’re looking at one of the most energetic outbursts ever seen from a supermassive black hole,' Jack Orlowski-Scherer, lead author on this publication and a research fellow at McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, said in a statement. 'This is what happens when you feed a black hole and it violently burps out a giant amount of energy.'

Observations by NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory show the enormous cavities (circled in grey) excavated by the powerful radio jets (green contours) expelled from the black hole at the center of galaxy cluster MS0735

In a new paper published in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics that analyzes the galaxy cluster MS0735, a team of astronomers used an instrument known as MUSTANG-2 on the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) in West Virginia to image the cluster in a unique way that distorts the cosmic microwave background.

The cosmic microwave background was emitted 380,000 years after the Big Bang and is considered to be the afterglow of our universe's birth 13.8 billion years ago.

These new findings reinforce previous discoveries that at least a portion of the pressure support in the cavities is due to non-thermal sources, such as other types of particles, cosmic rays and turbulence, and potentially a small contribution from magnetic fields.

Unlike previous research, new imaging produced by the GBT considers the possibility that the pressure support within the bubbles could be more nuanced than previously thought, mixing both thermal and non-thermal components.

'With the power of MUSTANG-2, we are able to see into these cavities and start to determine precisely what they are filled with, and why they don’t collapse under pressure,' explains Tony Mroczkowski, an astronomer with the European Southern Observatory who was part of this new research.

The researchers also used existing X-ray observations from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, in addition to the radio observations.

'We knew this was an exciting system when we studied the radio core and lobes at low frequencies, but we are only now beginning to see the full picture,' says co-author Tracy Clarke, an astronomer at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory and VLITE Project Scientist who co-authored a previous radio study of this system.

Future observations across multiple frequencies can establish more precisely the nature of how exotic the black hole eruption is.

WHAT'S INSIDE A BLACK HOLE?

Black holes are strange objects in the universe that get their name from the fact that nothing can escape their gravity, not even light.

If you venture too close and cross the so-called event horizon, the point from which no light can escape, you will also be trapped or destroyed.

For small black holes, you would never survive such a close approach anyway.

The tidal forces close to the event horizon are enough to stretch any matter until it's just a string of atoms, in a process physicists call 'spaghettification'.

But for large black holes, like the supermassive objects at the cores of galaxies like the Milky Way, which weigh tens of millions if not billions of times the mass of a star, crossing the event horizon would be uneventful.

Because it should be possible to survive the transition from our world to the black hole world, physicists and mathematicians have long wondered what that world would look like.

They have turned to Einstein's equations of general relativity to predict the world inside a black hole.

These equations work well until an observer reaches the centre or singularity, where, in theoretical calculations, the curvature of space-time becomes infinite.

Read more:

GBT/MUSTANG-2 9″ resolution imaging of the SZ effect in MS0735.6+7421 - Confirmation of the SZ cavities through direct imaging | Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A)

12-12-2022 om 23:16 geschreven door peter

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A Black Hole has been Burping for 100 Million Years

Artist view of an active supermassive black hole.

Credit: ESO/L. Calçada

BY EVAN GOUGH

A Black Hole has been Burping for 100 Million Years

Black holes are gluttonous behemoths that lurk in the center of galaxies. Almost everybody knows that nothing can escape them, not even light. So when anything made of simple matter gets too close, whether a planet, a star or a gas cloud, it’s doomed.

But the black hole doesn’t eat it at once. It plays with its food like a fussy kid. Sometimes, it spews out light.

When the black hole is not only at the center of a galaxy but the center of a cluster of galaxies, these burps and jets carve massive cavities out of the hot gas at the center of the cluster called radio bubbles.

Astronomy and astrophysics are all about light. Almost everything we know about distant objects in space, including black holes, comes from observing light. (Gravitational waves are the exception.)

The light astronomers see when they observe a black hole is coming from the environment in the vicinity of the black hole, not from the black hole itself. The behemoth’s strong gravity means that anything that gets too close is like a puppet on a string, and the black hole is the puppet master.

In a new study, a team of researchers using the National Science Foundation’s Green Bank Telescope (GBT) examined a supermassive black hole (SMBH) burping out mysterious radio bubbles.

“This is what happens when you feed a black hole, and it violently burps out a giant amount of energy.”
Jack Orlowski-Scherer, lead author, McGill University.

The study is “GBT/MUSTANG-2 9“ resolution imaging of the SZ effect in MS0735.6+7421,” and it was published in the journal Astronomy and Astrophysics. The lead author is Jack Orlowski-Scherer, a graduate student at the University of Pennsylvania at the time the study was done. “This is what happens when you feed a black hole, and it violently burps out a giant amount of energy,” he said in a press release.

Supermassive black holes reside in the center of large galaxies like the Milky Way. They’re found in every large galaxy, including the galaxies at the heart of galaxy clusters. The heart of a galaxy cluster is an extreme environment. The plasma there is scorching, up to 50 million degrees Celsius (90 million F.)

That plasma radiates x-rays, and over time that dissipates the heat. The plasma cools down, allowing stars to form. It’s sort of like the Universe’s situation after the Big Bang. Only after things cooled down could stars form.

Sometimes a black hole will reheat the surrounding gas preventing stars from forming. That’s called black hole feedback, and it happens when black holes emit jets of heated material from their centers. The jets are enormously powerful, pushing away the hot x-ray-emitting gas in the galaxy cluster’s center, creating vast radio bubbles.

This graphic from the team at the Space Science Telescope Institute describes the black hole feedback loop. Image Credit: NASA, ESA, Leah Hustak (STScI)

This graphic from the Space Science Telescope Institute team describes the black hole feedback loop.

Image Credit: NASA, ESA, Leah Hustak (STScI)

While that description makes the process sound straightforward, it’s not. It takes enormous energy to move that much gas, and astrophysicists want to know where all of that energy comes from. In this study, the researchers probed the radio bubbles for clues to the energy source.

The Green Bank Telescope is a fully steerable radio telescope—the world’s largest—located in West Virginia. Its collecting area is 100 meters in diameter. The MUSTANG-2 receiver is a type of camera called a continuum receiver that operates across multiple channels.

The team aimed the instrument at the galaxy cluster MS0735. It’s about 2.6 billion light years away and is known for having an enormously massive black hole in its center. The jets coming from the black hole in the center are one of the most powerful active galactic nucleus eruptions ever recorded. The eruption has been going on for over 100 million years and has released as much energy as hundreds of millions of gamma-ray bursts.

“We’re looking at one of the most energetic outbursts ever seen from a supermassive black hole,” said lead author Orlowski-Scherer.

The jets are the likely culprits behind the radio bubbles, but exactly how they work is unknown. Somehow, they provide the heat that prevents star formation. “Jets are the main drivers of ICM (Intra-Cluster Medium) reheating, although the exact mechanism is not clear yet,” the authors explain in their paper. “It is known that the jets, as traced by their synchrotron emission, often terminate in radio lobes that are coincident with depressions (cavities) in the X-ray emission.”

These jets are what carved out the radio bubbles, and the team studied them for clues to how it all plays out.

The region is difficult to observe, but the team used MUSTANG-2’s power to peer into the bubbles. They took advantage of a phenomenon called the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect. The SZ effect is a subtle distortion of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB,) sometimes called the echo from the Big Bang. It’s relic radiation from the moment the Universe began over 13 billion years ago. The SZ effect registers as a slight thermal pressure at 90 GigaHertz, where MUSTANG-2 can sense it. 90 GHz is in the millimetre band because radio waves in this band have wavelengths from one to ten millimetres.

Observations by NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory (left image) and by GBO’s MUSTANG-2 instrument (right image) clearly show the enormous cavities (highlighted with gray circles) excavated by the powerful radio jets (green contours) expelled from the black hole at the center of galaxy cluster MS0735. The green contours in both images are from observations performed by the Naval Research Laboratory’s VLA Low-band Ionosphere and Transient Experiment (VLITE) back end used on the National Radio Astronomy Observatory’s (NRAO) Very Large Array (VLA).

Image Credit: Orlowski-Scherer et al. 2022.

“With the power of MUSTANG-2, we are able to see into these cavities and start to determine precisely what they are filled with and why they don’t collapse under pressure,” said Tony Mroczkowski. Mroczkowski is an astronomer with the European Southern Observatory who was part of this new research.

This study isn’t the first time astrophysicists have studied these radio bubbles. Those efforts showed that the pressure inside these bubbles wasn’t entirely thermal. They pointed to relativistic particles, cosmic rays, and turbulence as causes, as well as a small contribution from magnetic fields. “Broadly, the support mechanisms can be broken down into two categories: thermal and non-thermal,” the team explains in their paper.

But the observations in this new study are the deepest high-fidelity SZ observations yet of the inside of the bubbles. That’s important because the SZ effect can distinguish thermal pressure causes from non-thermal pressure and relativistic electron causes. This study’s results show more nuance in the cause of the cavities, including thermal and non-thermal sources.

“We knew this was an exciting system when we studied the radio core and lobes at low frequencies, but we are only now beginning to see the full picture,” explains co-author Tracy Clarke. Clarke’s an astronomer at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory and VLITE Project Scientist who co-authored a previous radio study of this system.

The Milky Way has its own pair of bubbles, most likely caused by outbursts from Sgr. A*, the supermassive black hole at the heart of the Milky Way. While Sgr. A* may have produced jets in the past that carved out the bubbles, it emits no jets today. From end to end, the Milky Way’s gamma-ray bubbles extend 50,000 light-years, or roughly half of the galaxy’s diameter, as shown in this illustration.

Image Credit: NASA

Galaxy clusters are important because they’re the endpoints of structure formation in the Universe. They grow continuously through mergers and accretion. Theory and calculations show that some of their energy is not yet thermalized, meaning it comes from turbulence and bulk motion. Researchers want to know how much of a cluster’s pressure support is not thermal because that helps them understand how the gas in the intra-cluster medium reaches equilibrium. That’s called virialization, and it leads to star formation.

It all relates to the problem of black hole feedback, which prevents stars from forming. Studies like this one that uses the GBT/MUSTANG-2 receiver across multiple frequencies can start to untangle this complex environment by determining how thermal and non-thermal pressures support the radio bubbles. Scientists would like a clearer understanding of how turbulence, magnetic fields, and even cosmic rays support these bubbles.

“This work will help us better understand the physics of galaxy clusters and the cooling flow feedback problem that has vexed many of us for some time,” added Orlowski-Scherer.

Press Release: Scientists Reveal Secrets to Burping Black Hole with the Green Bank Telescope
Published Research: GBT/MUSTANG-2 9 resolution imaging of the SZ effect in MS0735.6+7421
Universe Today: Supermassive Black Holes can Turn Star Formation On and Off in a Large Galaxy

12-12-2022 om 22:59 geschreven door peter

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In 86 More Days, Skynet Could Become A Reality, Pentagon Video, UFO Sighting News.

Now this is fun, or not. A 90 days from now (actually 86 now) AI will gain control of UAS or Unmanned Aerial Systems. This sounds like no big deal, but is clear that if a UAS has AI this AI is very advanced and might even escape its confines, expanding to do more, achieve more than it was suppose to do. Remember the movie Terminator where Skynet AI takes over? In the movie a gov AI algorithm takes over all military remote controlled and AI controlled devices, missiles, tanks, ect. To wipe out its biggest threat, human kind. Its not something I ever thought I would live to see, and yet, here it is, about to begin or at least, activated in 89 more days. If it grows, if its intelligence grows, it may not see us as the good guys any longer. Listen to CETCOm talk about it and decide for yourself. Has it begun? Clearly the US military has experimented a lot with this AI to give it such power. But was it enough to know...can it be controlled? Every get a computer glitch, software glitch, a virus? Then you can see what can happen. Now understand this AI could soon gain control of US nuclear arsenal. How you feeling about it now?

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Door Found On Mars Near Pyramid, Entrance To Tomb, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Source photo:

http://gigapan.com/gigapans/213186/snapshots/611281

Guys just made this today, please hit like and subscribe, helps me so much. I found this entrance to a tomb on Mars in a Gigipan photo. Not far away is also a pyramid, blue polished, sunken into the sand on one side. When I took screenshot and added light, I can see the dirt from outside continues inside on the floor within, There is no blue rock walls which is proof its not a crack in stone, but a sculpted entrance to a home or tomb.

Please have a look at the video, I answer a lot of questions including, showing you inside the doorway.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

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Categorie:Ruins, strange artifacts on other planets, moons, ed ( Fr, EN, NL )

Mysterious bottomless hole leading to another dimension - Mel's Hole

In 1997, Art Bell, anchor of "Coast to Coast AM," a popular radio talk show that discussed strange occurrences and unexplainable phenomena, received a fax from a man named Mel Waters.

In the fax, Mel mentioned an unusual pit with unknown origins on his property in Manastash, Washington. The pit was "bottomless" and spooked wildlife in the area so badly that birds never flew over it.

Soon after, Art Bell invited Mel to appear on his radio show, where Mel introduced the world to what would become one of the most famous mysteries of the 21st century - Mel's Hole.

A similar bottomless hole can be found at Houska Castle in the Czech republic near Prague.

According to the legend, a chapel was constructed over the hole but after animal-human hybrids were reported to have crawled out of it, and dark-winged, otherworldly creatures flew in its vicinity, they covered the hole with a huge stone to keep the beings and demonic beasts inside the bottomless hole, which they call the "gateway to Hell" or like Mel's hole, "the gateway to another dimension".

RELATED VIDEOS ( peter2011 )

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Categorie:MYSTERIES ( Fr, Nl, E)

Wall of Secrecy: 'The ultimate UFO File revealed'!

Dark Journalist Daniel Liszt and Dr. Joseph Farrell go deep on the covert machinery that allows a whole category of Advanced, Exotic UFO technology to remain behind a Wall of Secrecy.

They also look at 75 years of CIA obfuscation and political lies that have kept the 'Hide The UFO File' game going behind the scenes right up until today.

From the development of the Nazi Bell which disappeared to Argentina, to President Kennedy being assassinated over UFO Disclosure and also the rise of X-Protect Aerospace Assassins and Paperclip Scientists, have we reached a breaking point heading into 2023?

Includes X Topics:

Apollo Moon Mission - Nazi Bell

NASA Censorship of Artifacts

UFO File Black Budget

JFK UFO Disclosure Attempt

Werner von Braun - Hans Kammler - Walter Dornberger

12-12-2022 om 17:33 geschreven door peter

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TOP 3 TERRIFYING ALIEN ENCOUNTERS Caught On Camera

The Ancient Aliens series explores the idea that alien life has been visiting Earth for millions of years. In this compilation, we’ll take a look at some of the scariest encounters with these mysterious objects.

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12-12-2022 om 17:28 geschreven door peter

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LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

NASA highlights Artemis 1 from launch to splashdown

Relive the Artemis 1 mission with highlights from launch on Nov. 16 to splashdown on Dec. 11.

Full Story: https://www.space.com/artemis-1-orion...

Credit: NASA Johnson Space Center

Space historian examines parallels of NASA's last moon landing and the Artemis mission

The nearly month-long Artemis 1 mission to the Moon is slated to end on Sunday with a splashdown in the Pacific Ocean. On that very day 50 years ago, Dec. 11, 1972, the last Apollo astronauts set foot on the moon. Space historian Andy Chaikin, author of the definitive account of the Apollo missions “A Man on the Moon,” joins Miles O'Brien to discuss the parallels.

Top 10 Biggest Scientific Discoveries of 2022

These scientific discoveries will blow your mind! For this list, we’ll be looking at the most amazing things we learned through scientific research this year. Our countdown includes Brain Cells Playing Video Games, Footprints from the Ice Age, A Detailed View of the Distant Universe, and more! What do you think is the most significant discovery here? Are there any we missed? Tell us in the comments.

Watch more great science videos here:

Top 10 Things We Wish Science Would Figure Out: https://youtu.be/t4Rw0xLNz-Y
Top 10 Biggest Scientific Discoveries of 2020: https://youtu.be/2WxR_2-faYY
Top 20 Biggest Scientific Discoveries of the Decade: https://youtu.be/tIvtkMRFj-Q

TOP 5 UNSOLVED MYSTERIES OF 2022 | The UnXplained

Nazi Secrets (Full Episode) | Drain the Oceans

Hidden deep underwater is the untold story of how the Nazis waged a secret war across the world’s oceans.

RELATED

Alien DNA Found in Octopus Genetics | Ancient Aliens

A study done in March 2018 reveals that octopuses possess extraterrestrial DNA. See more in this clip from "Aliens and Strange Creatures."

#AncientAliens

ALIEN CYCLOPS : THE SAGRADA FAMILIA CASE - FULL HD SCIFI MOVIE IN ENGLISH - EXCLUSIVE V MOVIES

ALIEN CYCLOPS : THE SAGRADA FAMILIA CASE - FULL HD SCIFI MOVIE IN ENGLISH - EXCLUSIVE V MOVIES Brazil, 1963.

Three children observe a strange flying object in their backyard. A transparent sphere floats above their heads. A member of the crew, an alien cyclops descends among them. The documentary narrates the discoveries made by Mr. Alberto Francisco do Carmo, sent to investigate the fact.

What Lies Beyond the Solar System? Long Episode

Compared to gigantic galaxies and star clusters, the Solar System is no more than just a speck of dust. There are thousands of stars within the radius of 100 light years from it. With some of them barely distinguishable against the dark abyss of space, others are so bright that they can be seen even if they are in other galaxies. Besides, there are a lot of invisible objects lurking in the depths of space, too – from massive brown dwarves to rocky exoplanets comparable to our Earth in size. Some of them may harbour life while others may pose a threat.

However, all this diversity is eclipsed by the scale of our galaxy. There are 200 billion stars and over a trillion planets at the very least to be found across its expanses. It is quite impossible to completely explore this great abundance of unique space objects. Today we will talk about some of the closest ones.

00:00 Intro

01:18 Closest stars

02:18 Barnard's star

05:39 Sirius

09:03 Wolf 1061

14:03 Local Interstellar Cloud

15:57 AP Columbae

18:53 Gliese 370

21:44 Castor

24:47 Local Bubble

27:04 Ending

#Closest #Stars #Space #Planets #Kosmo

NASA Just Announced That They Are Monitoring a Huge Escalating Anomaly In Earth's Magnetic Field

Many people have come to depend on the Earth's magnetic field even without realizing it! Your phone is able to perform some basic functions, like directing you while driving to your destination. However, a catastrophic event is threatening to render life-saving tasks like this impossible: the flipping of the Earth's poles! Why are the Earth's poles flipping? What are the consequences, and how can you cope with it? In this video, we dive into the Earth's poles flipping, which has many people worried as it is happening!

There are many things that shape your daily life, even without you realizing it. Thanks to science and technology, we have come to rely on many natural phenomena that are not apparent to the naked eye! The Earth's magnetic poles are an example, and this has a lot to do with the Earth's magnetic field!

But what is the Earth's magnetic field, and where did it come from?

Get the issue this article appears in

12-12-2022 om 16:54 geschreven door peter

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11-12-2022

Australian UFO Mysteries: The Disappearance of Frederick Valentich

Victorian pilot Frederick Valentich.

Over 40 years ago, during the early evening of 21 October 1978, pilot Frederick Valentich reported in a radio communication with Steve Robey of Melbourne Flight Service that “a large aircraft” which had “a long shape” and “a green light,” appearing to have a bright metallic lustre and four bright lights, travelling variously at high speed, approached his Cessna 182L aircraft (registration VH-DSJ) and apparently hovered in a stationary manner and also orbited above him.

After six minutes Valentich reported his aircraft’s engine was rough idling, and the strange object was “hovering, and it’s not an aircraft.” Having indicated he intended to fly on to King Island, Valentich’s communication terminated after 17-seconds of “metallic” noises.

Valentich’s intended route from Moorabbin to King Island over Bass Strait.

Neither Valentich or the Cessna were ever found. The event became one of Australia’s greatest aviation mysteries, and the apparent UFO connection remains unresolved.

The areas that feature prominently in the Valentich incident – Cape Otway (his last land call), Bass Strait (the apparent location of his disappearance) and King Island (his apparent destination) – all have extensive precedents for UFO activity.

During a two-month period centred around January 1978, holidaymakers, fishermen, school teachers, local police and lighthouse keepers in the Cape Otway area reported seeing UFOs. During July 1977, local residents and the lighthouse keeper at Cape Otway saw an inexplicable brilliant light source that hovered out to sea for half an hour.

The lost Cessna VH-DSJ photographed at Essendon Airport in 1974.

Bass Strait figures in UFO mysteries particularly in 1920 and 1944. The Melbourne Argus newspaper even described many people seeing “cigar-shaped” objects flying over Bass Strait as far back as 1896.

King Island’s 425 square miles played host to a wave of unidentified nocturnal aerial lights for at least three months prior to Frederick Valentich’s disappearance. Oval shaped lights followed cars and mystified local residents. Strange lights or flares appeared off the north of the island.

One of the most spectacular close encounters with a UFO in the area occurred at a wild and uninhabited part of the King Island coast, near Whistler Point, just before dawn, on 10 April 1976. “A beam of light” emanating from “a cross-shaped object” approached a duck-shooter’s car, in a direct line. The light display eventually receded directly along its line of approach, ending a silent inspection when it disappeared over the distant skyline.

Much suggests a UFO connection in the Valentich case, but unfortunately a final answer alludes us. Despite the provocative nature of the taped conversation between Valentich and Melbourne Flight Control before his disappearance, which refers to a possible UFO presence, the affair remains a mystery.

Valentich’s mysterious disappearance made headlines in 1978. The Sun story on the right pictures Frederick’s father Guido and his brother Richard.

The Valentich incident is punctuated with haunting, or rather more appropriately, taunting clues that set one off in all sorts of conflicting directions. Many have come up with solutions varying from the bizarre to the sublime. Did a UFO abduct Valentich? Did Valentich contrive the whole affair? Did he, as many think, crash into Bass Strait, leaving no trace? Or are other prosaic explanations involved? A multitude of various lines of enquiry radiate out in all sorts of directions. Most take us away from the facts of the matter, namely that no trace of pilot or plane have yet been found.

The mystery resonates in the Australian consciousness in a place reserved for more mythic episodes like the haunting fiction of ‘Picnic at Hanging Rock’. It has inspired dramatic works like the profound and confronting play ‘Sky’ and the bizarre and striking TV mini-series, ‘Locusts and Wild Honey’. We must remind ourselves that a family waits for an answer that so far has never come. I hope that someday they will find that answer.

Department of Transport file V116/783/1047

Due to the tenacious efforts of Adelaide-based researcher Keith Basterfield in 2012, we can now study the previously restricted Department of Transport file V116/783/1047, available in digital format at the National Archives of Australia website. I last saw this file back in late 1982 while sitting in front of Mr A. Woodward at the Melbourne office of the Bureau of Air Safety Investigation. He had the file open in front of him while answering my questions. I tried not to be too obvious in reading the file in its upside-down perspective.

The released Valentich files provide hints at some possible answers, and it may be that ultimately the answer does not involve UFOs. Reconciling a detailed analysis of the released data with the extensive research done on the case by researchers over the years might help us come up with a final answer. But for now Frederick Valentich and his Cessna plane are still missing, so final closure eludes those who want to know.

‘The Unexplained Files’ series on the Discovery Science Channel in September 2013 featured an excellent recreation of the extraordinary 1978 Valentich mystery. My friend George Simpson (based in Melbourne, Victoria) was instrumental in the accounting of this story on the programme.

Roy Manifold took some intriguing photos (including the above) at the time and locality of Valentich’s departure from the Australian mainland on route to King Island in Bass Strait.

On the programme, Steve Robey of Melbourne Flight Service was clearly still distressed about the disappearance of Valentich. Frederick’s younger brother Richard gave the family’s dimension to the story. Both these elements remind us that a disturbing and tragic element still haunts this mystery. George Simpson interviewed Roy Manifold who took some intriguing photos at the time and locality of Valentich’s disappearance.

Dr Richard Haines investigated the case and authored a book on it, Melbourne Episode: Case Study of a Missing Pilot (1987). He facilitated the airing of the strange sound heard at the end of Valentich’s last radio conversation with Steve Robey. I listened to the tape back in 1984 when I stayed with Dr Haines in California. Haines’ comment in ‘The Unexplained Files’ programme that the sound might be from contact between the Cessna and the UFO Valentich had been describing in the six-minute conversation, caused me to suddenly reconsider a very strange story I came across back in early 1995.

The Coonabarabran Times of Coonabarabran, north-west New South Wales, Australia, in its 17 November 1994 issue, carried brief details of an apparent close encounter with a diamond-shaped UFO near ground level on 15 November 1994, on the Mendooran road to the south of the town.

With the assistance of local police, I interviewed the four principal witnesses to this apparent close encounter. One of the area witnesses told me that I should seek out Laurie, a local businessman, who had a lot of UFO stories to tell.

One story was utterly startling and unbelievable. It was apparently connected to the Valentich mystery and initially told to me by one of the Coonabarabran witnesses who heard it through Laurie. Others encouraged us to ask Laurie about other stories. We did both, but the story in question stood out.

Laurie told us he had heard the story directly from a South Australian farmer who had bought a property in the north-west of New South Wales. The farmer had come into his business and the talk strayed onto UFOs. He shared with Laurie an experience he had on his South Australian property on the day following the disappearance of Frederick Valentich.

The farmer said he was harvesting lucern when he heard a loud screeching sound coming from the harvester. He thought it might have been a bearing, so he uncoupled the harvester from the tractor’s power drive and jumped off and went back to have a look. The farmer was trying to work out the source of the continuing noise when he became aware that he was in a shadow. He looked up and saw he was directly underneath a large “saucer” shaped object, and going by the size of his harvester; he estimated it to be about 30 metres across. The loud screeching noise continued.

From directly underneath the object, the farmer reportedly could see two concentric outer rings or bands that were counter rotational and were operating at different speeds. One went very fast, so fast that you had to blink to see that it was moving. The other one was moving very slowly in the opposite direction. There were two small protuberances that the farmer took to be rudders, and two large holes, one had “shimmering heat” coming out, the other was shooting small flames.

The farmer began to think there was something horribly wrong with this huge object and that it might crash down on him. He ran to get out from under it. He got the impression that one of the object’s engines had stopped working.

As he moved away the farmer looked back at the object which he could now see edge on. It had a large dome on top and what looked like a black weather seal along the base of the dome structure. He then noticed what looked like a “church door with a curved top, but no windows or handles were visible.”

He told Laurie the most unusual thing was that the massive object had a Cessna stuck to the outside of it – “the whole aircraft.” It was flat up against the side of the object with its tail hanging down. Laurie said he was not sure whether the farmer said there was engine oil running down the outside of the Cessna, but he could clearly see the plane’s registration markings. He found a nail and scratched the plane’s registration number into the paint of his tractor.

According to Laurie, the farmer said the object – “the saucer” – still accompanied by the screeching sound, then flew away over a ridge in the direction of a nearby Army range.

The farmer said to Laurie he told no one about what happened. He went into town later in the day. One of his neighbours saw him and apparently said, “I see you are doing some more crop spreading.” He said no, why do you say that. The neighbour said, “I saw the Cessna today up in your top paddock.” He replied to his neighbour, “There’s no Cessna in my top paddock.” The neighbour insisted, “Yes there is, I was up near there, I saw it there today.” The farmer said, “That’s interesting, I’ll have a look when I get home.”

He went up to the top paddock and saw no plane, but he did see three tyre marks and some tracks from a plane. He followed the tracks to where they ended, and there was “a pool of ’flamin’ engine oil” on the ground.

I recorded the story from Laurie on two separate occasions, one over the phone in January 1995 and face to face in Coonabarabran one month later in the presence of my friend Robb Tilley. Laurie was impressed with the story. Robb and I simply did not know what to think. Getting further information proved elusive.

As I had lived through the Valentich mystery unfolding at the time in 1978 and had written extensively about the research and investigation of the extraordinary events, I was acutely sensitive to the bizarre and strange aspects. I also had contact with Guido Valentich, Frederick’s father, and I knew that he had been exposed to various claims about what had happened to his son. He even helped me investigate one claim, which ultimately ended in no real resolution, just another unverifiable claim. Sadly, Guido passed away without a definitive answer to his son’s disappearance.

With Laurie’s account from the farmer, I had yet another extraordinarily bizarre and unbelievable claim. Laurie told me the farmer returned on another occasion with the Cessna’s registration number. It was DSJ, the number of Valentich’s Cessna. This in itself was not convincing for me because that information was widely reported at the time of the plane’s disappearance.

I did not want to burden the Valentich family or authorities with yet another unverified story. The biggest problem for me was that Laurie couldn’t recollect the farmer’s name. He told me he had written all this down in notes, but he had not been able to find them. I stayed in touch with Laurie for a while, but despite attempts to come up with a name, without his notes we couldn’t progress the investigation unless we had a vast amount time and resources available.

I circulated a brief account on Paranet (a favoured research Internet facility) at the time but nothing came of it. The story stayed a sleeper until Dr Haines’ comments on the Discovery Science programme. I immediately accessed my notes and tapes and began to evaluate whether the considerably improved resources of the Internet, social media and other resources would now allow another attempt at getting to the heart of the story. Sadly, I learnt that Laurie passed away about seven years ago.

I contacted George Simpson and shared the story with him. We both agreed that despite the bizarre nature of the story, we should try to see if we could track down anyone who had knowledge of the story and see if we could get a name for the farmer. We have since tracked down all sorts of clues.

I described the results of our investigation of this bizarre story in a report on my OZ Files blog entitled “Strange Days, Strange Tales – a Valentich connection” back in October 2013 (see the
ozfiles.blogspot.com/2013/10/strange-days-strange-tales-valentich.html).

Victorian UFO Action (VUFOA) put on a 40th-anniversary event that featured a panel of people involved in the Valentich affair and its investigation including Steve Robey, Rhonda Rhuston and George Simpson. Videos of the event are available on VUFOA’s YouTube channel. The 3rd edition of Jerome Clark’s massive two-volume work The UFO Encyclopedia appeared in 2018 with my report on the Valentich disappearance.

While there is now a wealth of data on the case, what happened to Frederick Valentich and the Cessna he was flying remains a mystery.

For further information on this case, see my work: “The Missing Cessna and the UFO: a preliminary report on the Bass Strait-King Island Affair”, Flying Saucer Review, Volume 24, No. 5, March 1979, 3-5; “Vanished – A report on the Valentich – Bass Strait Affair”, Australian UFO Researcher (No. 56 & 57, No. 58 & 59, No. 60, January 1979 through to December 1979). This report included details on the widespread UFO activity on the same day as the incident, the precedent for UFO activity over Cape Otway, Bass Strait and King Island, precedents for UFO-related plane disappearances or crashes; “Valentich-Bass Strait (Australia) affair”, in Ronald Story’s The Encyclopedia of UFOs, 1980; “Vanished? The Valentich Affair re-examined”, Flying Saucer Review, Vol. 30, No. 2, 1984; “1978 and the RAAF” and “Frederick Valentich and Delta Sierra Juliet – Vanished?” in my lengthy online document “UFOs Sub Rosa Down Under” at www.theozfiles.com/ufos_subrosa4.html and www.theozfiles.com/ufos_subrosa6.html; I also describe the affair extensively in my 1996 book The OZ Files – the Australian UFO Story.

This article was published in New Dawn 173.

If you appreciate this article, please consider a contribution to help maintain this website.

Source:

https://www.newdawnmagazine.com/articles/australian-ufo-mysteries-the-disappearance-of-frederick-valentich

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11-12-2022 om 23:31 geschreven door peter

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A Supercomputer Climate Model is so Accurate it Predicted the Weather Patterns Seen in the Famous 1972 “Blue Marble” Image of Earth

BY ANDY TOMASWICK

A Supercomputer Climate Model is so Accurate it Predicted the Weather Patterns Seen in the Famous 1972 “Blue Marble” Image of Earth

The “Blue Marble” was one of the most iconic pictures of the Apollo era. Taken by the astronauts of Apollo 17 on their return trip from the moon, the first fully illuminated image of the Earth taken by a person captured how the world looked on December 7th, 1972, just over 50 years ago. Now, a team from the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology has recreated that iconic image using a climate model.

As a new press release described, they didn’t do this for a publicity stunt. This effort has been a culmination of two decades worth of work on climate modeling that the team has been working on. Their climate model, which they ran with the help of researchers at the German Climate Computing Center, is now capable of drawing up details as fine as 1 km to accurately recreate environmental conditions at a given time.

To feed that model, though, they need data. Unfortunately, there wasn’t a whole lot available in terms of data that could be fed into the mode from 1972, let alone any data from the southern hemisphere, where the image was focused. So the researchers did their best to model what they could based on the data they had by using the equations that had already been developed and the Levante supercomputer at the German Climate Computing Center.

Video showing the new climate model in action – compared to the original image.
Credit – Science Magazine YouTube Channel

The result was spectacularly similar to the actual image captured by the Apollo 17 astronauts. So much so that even the team was surprised by the fidelity, given the data limitations that went into the algorithm that fed the image.

However, the outcome of models isn’t always graphical, and for the sake of inspiration, the team wanted to take it a step further. So they enlisted the help of one of the world’s foremost graphics companies – nVIDIA.

They used a tool nVIDIA has developed called Omniverse to visualize the model’s output in a format similar to that captured by the Blue Marble Image. It also used a ray tracing technique commonly used in the other main use case for nVIDIA chips – video games, to make the image as lifelike as possible. And then, the model also introduces its other major advantage – it moves.

An Economist video on how to model climate change.

Credit – The Economist YouTube Channel

The Blue Marble has always been a static image – a one-time snapshot of how the Earth looked on that day in 1972. But, if the model is correct (and it appears to be given its outcome on the day the picture was taken), it can be rewound or pushed forward to watch as the clouds, temperatures, and atmospheric makeup change both before and after the iconic picture.

Effectively, it’s like watching what the Apollo 17 astronauts would have seen if they had remained stationary and had a video camera set up to constantly monitor their homeworld. The effect is mesmerizing, but more importantly, it’s useful. Plenty of weather and climate phenomena can only be explored if we understand their input factors at the 1 km scale. That is the output of these climate models, and they can be helpful for more than just looking back into the past.

While this particular effort was a way to commemorate a great picture and the original founding of the Max Planck Institute of Meteorology, where many of the researchers work, it is, in essence, a test of a fully functional, high-resolution climate model. That will be ever more useful as we go forward into an uncertain changing climate, though its future outputs might be more disheartening than inspiring as this one was.

Learn More:

Science – Supercomputer re-creates one of the most famous pictures of Earth
Max Planck Institute for Meteorology – Revisiting the Blue Marble: ICON simulating the coupled climate system at 1 km
UT – Best “Blue Marble” Images Yet
UT – A Brand New “Blue Marble” View of Earth
UT – NASA’s Blue Marble…Side B.

11-12-2022 om 23:03 geschreven door peter

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See the 1998 disaster film Deep Impact come to life in a new interactive map! Simulation lets you drop asteroids on Time Square, London or any place in the world - and it tells you how many millions of people will be killed

See the 1998 disaster film Deep Impact come to life in a new interactive map! Simulation lets you drop asteroids on Time Square, London or any place in the world - and it tells you how many millions of people will be killed

A coder launched an asteroid scenario simulator that lets users choose a location to drop an asteroid and see the widespread destruction
Asteroid Launch uses Apple Maps to pull satellite footage of the Earth and overlays the selected area with visuals
The system lets users choose the size of the asteroid, speed of impact, makeup and angle of impact
It reveals how many people would be killed by impact, fires, winds and earthquakes following the event

By STACY LIBERATORE FOR DAILYMAIL.COM

A new interactive map brings the 1998 film Deep Impact to life, allowing users to drop a space rock anywhere globally to watch the devastation unfold.

Called Asteroid Launcher, the system lets you choose a location of impact, the diameter of the asteroid, the speed at which it hits the ground and the collision angle - and hit 'launch' to see the destructions it causes and the number of people killed.

If an asteroid measuring one mile in diameter smashes into Time Square at 152,000 miles per hour, it would create a 34-mile-wide crater and vaporize 9,486,287 people with the impact equivalent to 6,403 Gigatons of TNT.

The system also shares other catastrophic events that follow, including shock waves, fireball size and wind speed.

Asteroid Launcher is the brainchild of creative coder Neal Agarwal who told DailyMail.com he was inspired by his favorite movie Deep Impact and wanted to create a website that simulated disasters.

Asteroid Launcher lets users choose a location to drop an asteroid. This simulation released a one-mile-wide asteroid on Time Square in New York City, creating a 34-mile-wide crater

'I love disaster movies and playing out different end-of-the-world scenarios in my head,' Agarwal told DailyMail.com.

'This project took about two months to complete, one month of research and one month for the coding and animations.'

He explained the equations behind Asteroid Launcher from research papers by Dr. Gareth Collins and Dr. Clemens Rumpf, who study the effects of an asteroid impact.

'I chose those research papers because they have detailed equations and models of all the various effects of an asteroid impact (thermal radiation, wind, shock waves, earthquakes, ect),' Agarwal said.

'They also do a great job of summarizing the current knowledge of the field.'

The website also shows destructive events that would follow the initial impact, such as this 74-mile-wide fireball that would give more than four million people third-degree burns and kill over nine million

Another option shows the intense earthquakes that would be triggered following the impact

Asteroid Launcher details all the events, destruction and deaths that would potentially occur in the event of an actual asteroid impact.

For example, if the same size asteroid that hit Manhattan hits London while traveling at the same speed of 152,000 miles per hour, it would also create a 34-mile-wide crater that would vaporize more than 7.7 million people in the surrounding area.

In Time Square, the fireball would cover an area of 74 miles would vaporize 30,561,023 people.

And in London, the same fireball would be released during the impact, killing 56,082,822 people.

'This tool is more for helping the general public learn more about asteroid impacts,' said Agarwal.

Another simulation using London and with the same size asteroid that hit New York would also release a fireball 74 miles wide

Asteroid Launcher also formulates wind speeds after the asteroid hits. In the case of London, wind within 150 miles of the crater would be faster than storms on Jupiter

Asteroid Launcher is the brainchild of creative coder Neal Agarwal who told DailyMail.com he was inspired by his favorite movie Deep Impact and wanted to create a website that simulated disasters

'Scientists have even more precise models of asteroid impacts that they run on supercomputers - this simulation is a more simplified version.'

Asteroid Launcher uses Apple Maps to pull satellite footage of the Earth into its simulation and layer visualizations over the selected area to show users how far the destruction travels.

It also provides different options for what the asteroid is made of.

Users can drop a 2,400-foot-wide gold asteroid on Los Angeles at 247,000 miles per hour, leaving a 34-mile-wide crater in the ground and killing 5,210,549 people.

The simulated events in New York and London only happen once every 22 million years, but Earth is predicted to have a close call when one the size of three football fields is expected to come within 19,600 miles from our planet's surface in 2029.

Asteroid Apophis, named for the serpentine Egyptian god of chaos (also known as Apep), will whizz past Earth on April 13, 2029.

While researchers have ruled out the possibility of the 1,115-foot object slamming into Earth, the close shave will present a unique opportunity to study an asteroid in detail; most others that come this close are much smaller.

'The Apophis close approach in 2029 will be an incredible opportunity for science,’ said Marina Brozović, a radar scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, who works on radar observations of near-Earth objects (NEOs).

‘We’ll observe the asteroids with both optical and radar telescopes. With radar observations, we might be able to see surface details that are only a few meters in size.’

The simulated events in New York and London only happen once every 22 million years, but one the size of three football fields is expected to come within 19,600 miles from our planet's surface in 2029. Pictured is a simulation of how close it will get

It’s expected to make its closest approach before 6 pm ET, when it will be over the Atlantic Ocean.

According to NASA, however, it will be visible in the sky hours before this point.

Apophis will first appear in the night sky over the southern hemisphere, making itself known to viewers on the east coast of Australia.

It will then travel westward to reach the equator by early afternoon before crossing over the United States by around 7 p.m.

The massive space rock will be traveling so fast it will traverse the entire width of the moon in less than a minute, NASA said in a 2019 statement.

While 19,000 miles might sound far away, the space agency says it’s rare for an object of this size to come so close

Read more:

Asteroid Launcher

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11-12-2022 om 21:40 geschreven door peter

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This Interactive Tool Lets you Simulate Asteroid Impacts Anywhere on Earth

BY ANDY TOMASWICK

This Interactive Tool Lets you Simulate Asteroid Impacts Anywhere on Earth

Asteroid impacts rank highest on the UN’s list of potentially species-ending calamities. They’ve been the subject of countless movies and books, some of which are accurate depictions of what would happen, and some of which are not. Now, if you’ve ever been interested to see what would happen if different sizes of asteroid impact different areas of the globe, the internet has a tool for you!

Called “Asteroid Launcher,” the tool allows you to control three different aspects of your asteroid – the size, the speed, and the angle that it impacts Earth. It also lets you select when it lands. When you first open it up, for better or worse, it is pointed directly at Manhattan. From there, you can scan to any area of the world that you want and hit a “Launch Asteroid” button when you’ve picked the appropriate place, size, speed, and angle.

Out of morbid curiosity, the author decided to see what would happen if he blasted his hometown with an asteroid with default settings. He was happy to find that he would probably have been one of the almost 15000 people that died in the 5.6-mile-wide crater the asteroid would have created. That sounds like a much better option than the other means of death the simulation describes.

Planetary Defense starts with finding the dangerous bodies in our solar system, as this UT video describes.

An 8.3-mile-wide fireball would have wiped out almost 1.9 million people, while nearly 150,000 would die from a shock wave. Over 614,000 would die from a wind blast the strength of an F5 tornado, which is apparently different than a shock wave, but luckily only a little over 2,000 people would die from the 7.1 magnitude Earthquake that the asteroid would cause.

All told, the destruction in the general area of the world the author lives in would amount to a death toll of a little under three million people. Definitely not on the scale of what would happen if an asteroid directly hit Manhattan, but still not exactly the best day in humanity’s history. But what happens if the asteroid hits some of the 70% of the Earth that is covered in water?

Luckily, the author also lives near one of those large bodies of water known as the Great Lakes in North America. Launching a rock in their direction changes some of the parameters of the destruction outcome, such as shrinking the crater, etc. However, it doesn’t mention anything about a tsunami or similar water-based event that viewers of Deep Impact would come to expect.

Planetary Defense starts with finding the dangerous bodies in our solar system, as this UT video describes.

Stopping a killer asteroid is arguably more important than finding it though – here’s UT’s explanation on how we would do that.

Moving the impact site over the ocean does give an estimation of a tsunami and an impressively high one at that. But unlike the other methods of destruction, it doesn’t detail how many people would be wiped out by that disaster, though it is arguably more dangerous than any other means of destruction listed in the simulation.

Overall, it’s an entertaining tool that reinforces the need for “planetary defense” as it has come to be known, and as we’ve detailed several times at UT before. Though it could do with some updates on some of its estimates and its understanding of where on the globe water is, it’s a highly entertaining look at what the impact of arguably one of the worst possible things that could happen to humanity would be.

Learn More:

Lead Image:

Screenshot from the Asteroid Launch tool.
Credit – Asteroid Launcher

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Unusual & Unique UFO Cases that Never Gotten Attention They Deserve

Author Preston Dennett has written numerous books about the paranormal (Amazon link). In the second half of the interview, he talked about his research and writing. He said that he enjoys choosing cases that he believes are unusual or unique. For instance, he noted that he wrote about cases involving UFOs that have been chasing and lifting occupied cars.

According to Dennett, the most common sighting of UFOs in the US is on July 4. He has also seen incidents involving planes, boats, and cars. In some cases, the objects collided with the vehicles.

He claims that encounters with these objects have a wide-reaching impact on human bodies. For instance, he said that people who have been in contact with these objects have experienced levitation. He attributes this to the altered electromagnetic properties of the body. In addition, Dennett claims that these encounters have led to the development of telekinetic and other forms of mental abilities.

to watch the video, press "Bekijken op YouTube "

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

4 STUNNING UFO ENCOUNTERS *CAUGHT ON CAMERA* | The Proof is Out There

Check out these 4 shocking UFO encounters, in this The Proof Is Out There compilation.

00:00 - Intro

00:14 - Chapter 1 - Pilot Caught Footage of Bizarre Objects in the Sky

04:58 - Chapter 2 - Eyewitness Summoned Mysterious Aircrafts at Night

09:42 - Chapter 3 - Possible UFO Crash Landing Site in the UK?!

13:31 - Chapter 4 - Mysterious Lights seen in Florida Sky

#TheProofIsOutTherer

RELATED

These shocking UFOs have been spotted over some of the biggest cities in the U.S. See more in this compilation from The Proof is Out There.

0:00 - UFO SPOTTED ON U.S. MILITARY BASE

3:28 - UFOS INFILTRATE JULY 4TH CELEBRATIONS

8:04 - UFO ATTEMPTS TO MAKE COMMUNICATION

12:49 - UFOS INVADE NEW YORK CITY

17:02 - GIANT FLAME SPOTTED IN THE FLORIDA SKY

Commercial Pilots Seeing UFOs in the Sky - Starlink with 6 Lights?

Mark Hulsey was an experienced Marine F-18 Fighter Pilot. Now he flies a Gulfstream 650 private jet for a billionaire. He relays his own unidentified aerial phenomena experience and highlights the safety issues that come up when pilots are afraid to report lights to their employer.

SpaceX launches moon lander, rover and 'flashlight,' booster lands in Florida

SpaceX launched Japanese company ispace's Hakuto-R lander with a range of payloads including "Rashid," a 22-pound (10 kilograms) rover developed by the UAE's Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Center. The rocket lifted off from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida on Dec. 11, 2022.

Another payload along for the Falcon 9 rocket ride is NASA's "Lunar Flashlight" cubesat, which will hunt for water ice inside craters near the moon's south pole.

The rocket's first stage touched down at Landing Zone 2 in Florida a little over 8 minutes after liftoff.

Credit: SpaceX

NASA Chief Gives Serious Warning About Betelgeuse Star Explosion

NASA Chief Gives Serious Warning About Betelgeuse Star Explosion. Betelgeuse, Orion constellation’s most famous star, and now a bright red supergiant star, is nearing the end of its life. It will likely explode as a supernova and be visible during the daytime from Earth. And while we do not know as of yet if it is a threat or not, scientists have already discovered a telltale way to detect when a star is about to go supernova.

#space #betelgeuse #supernova

RELATED

Life Inside China's New Space Station! (Tiangong)

Last Video: How NASA Will 3D Print Houses On The Moon!

https://youtu.be/HSqwznV6VpM

ANCIENT ALIENS : ORIGIN OF HUMANITY - FULL HD SCIFI MOVIE IN ENGLISH - ORIGINAL V MOVIES

ANCIENT ALIENS : ORIGIN OF HUMANITY - FULL HD SCIFI MOVIE IN ENGLISH - ORIGINAL V MOVIES Discovering mysterious extraterrestrial beings. More and more evidence and appearances of UFOs surround our Earth. Secrets, cover-ups, discoveries, testimonies suggest a contact, a contact with beings who came from the sky, which took place at the dawn of our existence; maybe, just ancient aliens who gave and taught life to our ancestors.

11-12-2022 om 19:04 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

NASA Tests a Solar Sail Segment of its Enormous Solar Cruiser Mission

Artist's concept of the Solar Cruiser mission.

Credit: NASA

BY MATT WILLIAMS

NASA Tests a Solar Sail Segment of its Enormous Solar Cruiser Mission

A team led by NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) was recently selected to develop a solar sail spacecraft that would launch sometime in 2025. Known as the Solar Cruiser, this mission of opportunity measures 1653 m² (~17790 ft²) in area and is about the same thickness as a human hair. Sponsored by the Science Mission Directorate’s (SMD) Heliophysics Division, this technology demonstrator will integrate several new solar sail technologies developed by various organizations to mature solar sail technology for future missions.

In a recent video released by NASA, we see engineers and industry partners at the MSFC in Huntsville, Alabama, unfurling a segment of the prototype solar sail. The video, taken on October 13th, shows how the teams used two 30.5 m (100-foot) lightweight composite booms to unfurl a 400 m² (4,300 ft²) quadrant of the solar sail prototype for the first time. Once realized, the Solar Cruiser demonstrator will validate technologies that enable future missions to study the Sun, its interaction with Earth, and its extended atmosphere (aka. heliosphere).

The Solar Cruiser team includes industry partners like spacecraft and payload developer Ball Aerospace, critical systems manufacturer Roccor, LLC, and subcontractor NeXolve, which specializes in producing thin, lightweight materials and structures (such as solar sail films). Alongside NASA Marshall, they are leveraging advancements in solar sail technology from the past decade, including elements from previous missions. These include:

NASA’s NanoSail-D mission
JAXA’s Interplanetary Kite-craft Accelerated by Radiation Of the Sun (IKAROS) mission
The Planetary Society’s LightSail missions
NASA’s Near-Earth Asteroid (NEA) Scout mission

The video features NASA scientists Les Johnson, the Principle Investigator of the NEO Scout mission, which launched with Artemis I (one of ten secondary payloads). As he explained, the purpose of this unfurling was to test how the sail would deploy once it was in space:

“The sail deployment test that we just completed here at NASA Marshall was really a test of [the] functionality of the sail. Could you get these two hundred-foot-long booms coiled up, put in a deployer, attached to a sail that has an area of over four thousand square feet when it’s all folded and rolled, put it in a small box, and get it to deploy unaided? And the answer is yes. We had a very successful test, and the results are evident in the pictures that have been taken and the data we collected during the test.”

Solar sails rely on lightweight highly-reflective material and continuous photon pressure from the Sun’s rays (solar wind) to generate thrust. This does away with the need for propellant that makes up most of a mission’s pre-flight mass or the heavy electric propulsion systems that power Hall-Effect Thrusters (ion engines). In addition to increasing a mission’s mass, they also limit its lifetime and observation locations. This is the purpose of the Solar Cruiser, which will demonstrate a solar sail’s ability to make observations from a sunward-facing position at L1.

The design also includes four 29.5-m (~97-ft) lightweight booms, similar to the metallic Triangular, Rollable and Compressible (TRAC™) booms used by the NEA Scout mission. Designed by the U.S. Air Force and licensed to Roccor, LLC, these booms are similar to those used by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to deploy its Sunshield. For the sake of the Solar Cruiser, Roccor developed TRAC booms using lighter composite materials via NASA’s Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program.

The sail also has embedded Reflective Control Devices (RCDs) that provide propellantless attitude control and help keep the sail stable. The sail membrane consists of a thin-film polyimide successfully flown on NanoSail-D coated with aluminum to make it reflective. This material was selected because of its flight-proven properties and how it is scalable to sails of any size – from the 10 m² (~33 ft²) sail on NanoSail-D to sails greater than 10,000 m² (~32,800 ft²). This is consistent with one of the main objectives of the Solar Cruiser, which is the ability to build sails of increasing size

“The key to enabling some of these missions is having larger and larger sails that are very lightweight,” he said. “And that’s why we’re moving from sails the size of NEA Scout, nine-hundred and twenty-five square feet, to seventeen-thousand eight-hundred square feet. And in the future, we will make sails that are even larger still. And the larger the sail, generally speaking, the better it has a capability to do propulsion and higher thrust.”

The study of heliophysics is vital to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Department of Defense. These government organizations are responsible for issuing alerts for space weather alerts and forecasts and monitoring things like solar flares that cause interference with communications or satellites. The Solar Cruiser will also demonstrate the capability to make sustained in-situ measurements of Earth’s magnetotail – the interaction between Earth’s magnetosphere and solar wind.

Artist’s illustration of NEA Scout visiting a Near-Earth Asteroid (NEA).

Credit: NASA

Monitoring solar activity and space weather is also of interest to NASA’s human exploration programs. Before this decade is over, the Artemis Program will send astronauts to the Moon for the first time in over fifty years. The long-term aim of Artemis is to create a “sustained program of lunar exploration” that will include the creation of infrastructure and long-duration stays on the lunar surface. By the 2030s, NASA plans to send crewed missions to Mars that will consist of a six to nine-month transit and science operations on the Martian surface.

Knowing how to predict solar events will ensure astronaut health and safety and that their equipment remains operational. Just another exciting field of study that NASA and other space agencies will pursue in the coming years. And it’s fair to say that these efforts will enable new missions to expand our understanding of the Solar System and the Universe.

Further Reading:

NASA

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NASA Tests a Solar Sail Segment of its Enormous Solar Cruiser Mission

Artist's concept of the Solar Cruiser mission.

Credit: NASA

BY MATT WILLIAMS

NASA Tests a Solar Sail Segment of its Enormous Solar Cruiser Mission

NASA’s NanoSail-D mission
JAXA’s Interplanetary Kite-craft Accelerated by Radiation Of the Sun (IKAROS) mission
The Planetary Society’s LightSail missions
NASA’s Near-Earth Asteroid (NEA) Scout mission

Artist’s illustration of NEA Scout visiting a Near-Earth Asteroid (NEA).

Credit: NASA

Further Reading:

NASA

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Perseverance’s Latest Sample is Just Crumbled Regolith. When Scientists get Their Hands on it, we’ll Learn so Much About how to Live on Mars

BY ANDY TOMASWICK

Perseverance’s Latest Sample is Just Crumbled Regolith. When Scientists get Their Hands on it, we’ll Learn so Much About how to Live on Mars

The Mars Sample Return (MSR) part of Perseverance’s mission is picking up – literally. For the past few months, the rover has concentrated on picking up samples that will eventually be returned to Earth as part of the future Mars Sample Return mission. Back on Earth, plenty of advanced technologies can poke and prod the samples in ways that would never be feasible to launch with a spacecraft. However, if scientists decide to poke or prod Perseverance’s latest collections, they might have a hard time because they are made of regular regolith.

Regolith, the ever-present layer of dust on the Martian surface, is integral to our understanding of how the Martian surface has formed over the eons and what can be done to mitigate its effects on it our exploration systems. It is notorious for being the cause of the end of mission for such beloved rovers as Spirit and Opportunity, whether by entrapping one of them in an inescapable morass or shrouding their solar cells in a layer of dust such that only limited sunlight can penetrate through it.

From a scientific perspective, regolith is interesting because it would allow geologists to better understand the evolution of the Martian climate. One of Perseverance’s primary missions is astrobiology, and regolith might hold clues to what exactly was going on back when Mars was warmer and wetter. Even with it being ubiquitous throughout the planet, the best instruments we have so far been able to send there pale in comparison to the technical scrutiny brought to bear on the sample once it has been returned to Earth.

UT video detailing the Mars Sample Return mission.

From an engineering perspective, regolith, which makes up almost all of the dust in the Martian atmosphere, presents a set of difficult challenges. Anakin Skywalker’s axiom about sand in Star Wars holds a grain of truth in it, as it can be coarse and irritating and gets everywhere. The same goes for Martian regolith. It is notorious for sticking to everything, including, potentially, spacesuits and, even more dangerously, the inside of an astronaut’s lungs.

If it even gets into an astronaut’s lungs, it’s dangerous for more than just its abrasiveness. Regolith contains perchlorates, which are potentially deadly toxins to any life that might try to eek by an existence on the Red Planet. Understanding how to mitigate the effects of this dangerous substance might literally prove to be life or death for the first Martian colonists.

All of those are good reasons for Perseverance to be interested in it, and, as such, the rover recently collected two samples using its specialized regolith bit. This bit differs from its standard rock drilling and abrasion bits, as it looks like a “spike with small holes” in it, according to a JPL press release. Though it might look relatively simplistic, it was developed with thousands of hours of engineering and testing with simulated Martian regolith.

The drill bits Perseverance is using on its mission, before they were installed. Far left is the regolith bit used in the latest sample collection, while the middle ones are for rock drilling and the far right are for rock abrasion.

Unfortunately, there are limitations to the MSR, especially in terms of payload capacity. Therefore, only one of the two regolith samples Perseverance recently collected will be making its way back to Earth. Even then, it will be the better part of a decade before it makes its way back, as the second stage of the MSR process is still in the planning phases.

The other sample will be spending the rest of its days as part of an artifact from the early era of humanity’s exploration of Mars. Perseverance certainly already deserves its place in that pantheon, no matter what sample it decides to send back.

Learn More:

NASA – NASA’s Perseverance Rover Gets the Dirt on Mars
UT – Samples Returned From Mars Will be Protected by a Micrometeorite Shield
UT – This is Where the Mars Sample Return Mission Could be Landing
UT – The First Crops on Mars Should be Alfalfa and Cyanobacteria. Then Comes Tastier Plants

Lead Image:

Two holes from the regolith drill samples that Perseverance took on December 2nd and 6th.
Credit – NASA / JPL-Caltech

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

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10-12-2022

Crew chosen For SpaceX's first private Starship mission to the moon, UFO Sighting News.

Crew chosen For SpaceX's first private Starship mission to the moon, 10 total crew members, including two backup crew, will join him on the roughly week-long flight that was originally scheduled to launch in 2023. That timeline will likely push to 2024.

Guys this is cool. A Japanese billionaire has funded the entire civilian program. This is mind-bogglings stuff. I mean most NASA missions have hard core military, CIA, NSA. I can see by the faces of these individuals picked by SpaceX that they are none of the above, they are us, the people. I can't wait to hear and see what they encounter on the mission. Photos and video is going to be raw and unedited. Don't think for a second this doesn't share the shit out of NASA. The truth coming out, and making NASA look like a fool for lying, always does make the lier look the fool.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

https://us.yahoo.com/news/crew-revealed-spacexs-first-private-204026412.html

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This Went On For 12 Days Straight... Artemis Moon Images Exposed, UFO Sighting News.

Here is a cool video by Secureteam10, about several anomalies that occurred over the last few weeks that you may have not heard about. Also, he shows a structure that I discovered on the moon at 3:46 into the video, good to see I'm making a difference too. But I was going to post this with or without it, Tyler is a great reporter who really helps the UFO community.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

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Alien Structures On Moons Surfaces Near Zhukovsky Crater, VIDEO, UFO Sighting News.

Location of discovery: left of Zhukovsky crater, Earths Moon

Date of NASA photo: April 1972 (on photo)

Mission photo: Apollo 16

Photo number: AS16-P-4091

URL NASA Source:

http://wms.lroc.asu.edu/apollo/view?image_name=AS16-P-4091

Coordinates: center photo is 8.84°,-168.52°

The structures are in a photo labeled "High Resolution Center PNG 322.4 MB"

Hey guys, I looked at a Apollo 16 photo for a mere five minutes and decided to check in an area of the photo that I imagined others would never check...the dark patches on the far left. There I found a tiny area of light that was only about 1-2% of the total photo. I focused on this area and found these structures in the craters there. Even some small craters had these amazing buildings.

Example of full photo is below and shows the location of these alien buildings I found yesterday. Yes there seems to be a large face in the center of the photo, however I feel the buildings are more significant of a discovery.

Notice the buildings are made up of many squares. These square buildings are linked together to form larger structures. True the ascetic quality that humans want in buildings is not there...but out there, functionality comes first and those cube structures are doing the job.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

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Categorie:Ruins, strange artifacts on other planets, moons, ed ( Fr, EN, NL )

John Lennon Talks About a UFO over New York, Aug 23, 1974, Video, UFO Sighting News.

On August 23rd, 1974 John Lennon walked out on to the balcony of his New York apartment, and witnessed what he later described as a "Flying Saucer" hovering closely, just above his window. Lennon's girlfriend May Pang, also witnessed the event. Aliens do research, knowledge is the one of the most highly valued things for them, and many celebrities, singers, US presidents have had UFO sightings that they describe and were open to talk about on record.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

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Categorie:UFOs , UAPs , USOS

Alaska: Alien Energy Beam From UFO Controls A Plane

Some believe that the aircraft flying over the Alaska Triangle are being controlled by unidentified flying objects.

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Categorie:MYSTERIES ( Fr, Nl, E)

Triangle UFO formation over St Helens, UK 9-Dec-2022

Once again in the last weeks the triangle formation appeared. This time over St Helens, a town in Merseyside, England on 9th December 2022 at 6:06pm.

Witness report:

We saw these 3 orange bright lights moving in the sky in formation as if they was one thing sort of moving in sync, we got out of the car and they’d completely disappeared, we went around the corner to get a better shot and all of a sudden they was gone. I don’t have any explanation for this, I don’t think they are Chinese lanterns because we would of seen them drifting off – they where also stationary and then they moved a little bit in a way I’ve never seen before. Also, they didn’t seem to be flickering or anything like that, more of a light bulb type of light. If you download the Flightradar24 app you can use the playback feature, the video was recorded at 6:06pm today. There is a plane that appears at 6:07pm but it’s in the opposite direction and it’s around 10 miles away.

Apart from that I haven’t seen anything else. I didn’t see any of the usual green flashing lights or anything that you usually see on a passenger airline either so I don’t think this is a plane. this was an unidentified flying object that I seen in the sky. Okay it could’ve been lanterns (I don’t believe they are) but that’s besides the point, if all you guys are going to do is ridicule anyone who posts strange things in the sky (real or not) then we’re going to decrease our chances of getting real footage. Always better to be safe than sorry

https://www.universetoday.com/159011/...

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

SpaceX Ripping It Back Up, Artemis 1 Reentry, ISS Upgrades, Square Kilometre Array (SKA) underway

This has been a difficult week to squeeze down and it looks like that is only going to get more tricky over the next few weeks. It is busy right now. We’ve got very intriguing stuff to talk about at SpaceX’s Starbase. We now have SpaceX Ripping It Back Up. Yes, the 11 Raptor Engine Static Fire caused enough damage for SpaceX to rip that concrete base back out again with diggers this week. An expendable pad vs the reusable Starship now it seems. Artemis 1 is still going strong as it plummets back toward the atmosphere for reentry. Another incredible week of updates there. Action on the International Space Station as astronauts roll out for the iROSA rollout. We have OneWeb and SpaceX becoming more than frenemies! The mind-blowing Square Kilometre Array to be scanning the skies for an alien spaceport near you, and this is getting real exciting too. Let's jump into it.

Artemis 1 mission update - Earth return prep and benefits for humanity

Preparations are underway for the return of NASA's Artemis 1 Orion spacecraft. Also, learn about the benefits of returning to the moon with the Artemis program. Here's how NASA's Artemis 1 Orion spacecraft will splash down to end its moon mission in 8 not-so-easy steps:

https://www.space.com/artemis-1-orion...

Credit: NASA

Artemis 1 mission going 'phenomenally well' says NASA in exclusive interview

NASA's Nujoud Merancy, Chief of the Exploration Mission Planning Office at NASA’s Johnson Space Center, talks to Space.com's Elizabeth Howell about the ongoing Artemis 1 mission.

Here's how NASA's Artemis 1 Orion spacecraft will splash down to end its moon mission in 8 not-so-easy steps: https://www.space.com/artemis-1-orion...

Credit: Space.com | NASA | edited by Steve Spaleta (https://twitter.com/stevespaleta)

Iconic Earthrise By Artemis 1 // Rule-Breaking GRB // SpaceX Launches Starshield

Construction Begins on the Square Kilometer Array. Artemis I’s iconic crescent Earthrise picture. A gamma-ray burst that breaks all the rules. SpaceX launches a new service.

🦄 Support us on Patreon: https://patreon.com/universetoday

00:00 Intro

00:14 Square Kilometer Array Telescope begins construction

04:38 Iconic Earthrise image from Artemis 1 https://www.flickr.com/photos/nasa2ex...

06:49 SpaceX launches Starshield https://www.universetoday.com/159051/...

08:42 Blue Origin and Dynetics bid for new lunar landing contracts https://www.blueorigin.com/blue-moon/...

https://www.dynetics.com/newsroom/new...

10:13 Support us on Patreon

11:09 GRB that broke Astronomy https://www.universetoday.com/159057/...

13:39 Evidence of a mega-tsunami on Mars https://www.universetoday.com/159035/...

15:42 Launch an asteroid wherever you want https://neal.fun/asteroid-launcher/

17:11 Outro

Host: Fraser Cain

Producer: Anton Pozdnyakov

Editing: Artem Pozdnyakov

Damaged Concrete Under the Orbital Launch Mount Removed | SpaceX Boca Chica

Damaged concrete was removed from under the Orbital Launch Mount, crews worked on the Mega Bay extension, and work on the Orbital Launch Mount and Tower continued. Video from Nic (@NicAnsuini).

Edited by Jack (@theJackBeyer).

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

If Dark Matter is Made of Axions, This Could be the Detector That Finds Them

BY ANDY TOMASWICK

If Dark Matter is Made of Axions, This Could be the Detector That Finds Them

As we’ve noted in plenty of other articles, science also moves forward by constraints. Understanding the limits of a physical phenomenon helps to develop better methods of looking for it, especially in its absence. Dark matter is an archetype of a missing phenomenon, but there are plenty of potential explanations for it. One of them is known as the axion, which was originally developed as a hypothetical particle that could plug a hole in the Standard Model of particle physics but could also solve the problem of dark energy. That is if they actually exist. Now a new experiment from researchers at CERN can help the scientific community better define where to look for those axions.

Part of the problem with searching for axions is how widely varied their properties could potentially be. Both their strength of interaction with other particles and their mass, two of the most fundamental parts of any particle in the standard model, are up for debate at this point. And to cover that many possibilities, physicists must look all over the place for them.

They generally agree on one of the ways to do so, though – axions can turn into photons if they are subjected to a strong enough magnetic field. And photons can be detected. As such, most axion detectors consist of powerful magnets and photodetectors, and one of the most capable is the CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST) experiment.

UT video on that most elusive of all substances – dark matter

CAST is basically a giant metal tube with a very strong magnet known as a helioscope and various kinds of light detectors inside of it. It was initially designed to look at axions that could be coming from our own Sun. So far, it has failed to find any, but the scientists working on the experiment came up with a slight modification that allowed them to take a look at even more data.

Their modifications resulted in the magnet being capable of detecting axions that would have developed in the dark matter halo that surrounds the Milky Way. This is another possible source of axions, but one that other experiments hadn’t yet explored. The next experiment, dubbed an axion haloscope, or CAST-CAPP, started collecting data in September 2019.

Another UT video on how we’re searching for it.

Since it is unclear what frequency of photon axions would turn into at the magnetic field strengths provided by CAST-CAPP, the scientific team had to monitor a wide range of possible frequencies, which took almost two full years. The team also had to eliminate potential noise contamination, such as that from 5 GHz wireless signals.

Unfortunately, even after that, there were still no signs of axions. But, as stated at the beginning of the article, even a lack of evidence for something can help move science forward. Researchers can now definitively narrow down the maximum potential strength of an axion’s interaction with photons and tailor their experiments accordingly. CAST, in all its various forms, isn’t done with its mission yet.

Learn More:

Lead Image:

Image of the CAST experiment.
Credit – CERN

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Most Exoplanets Suffer Worse Space Weather Than We Do

An artistic rendering of a series of powerful stellar flares. New research says that flaring activity may not prevent life on exoplanets.

CREDIT NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/S. Wiessinger

BY PAUL M. SUTTER

Most Exoplanets Suffer Worse Space Weather Than We Do

We have it relatively easy on the Earth. Our Sun is relatively calm. The space weather environment in the solar system is altogether placid. Things are nice. But new research has shown that we may be the exception rather than the rule, and that many exoplanets face much harsher conditions than we do.

Stars are not simple things. They contain within their hearts cores of nuclear fusion powered by the gravitational weight of their own mass. This releases enormous amounts of energy which makes its way to the surface through radiation and giant convective plumes of material.

In addition to their complex interiors, stars are also spinning. The complex movement of all the plasma that makes up the bulk of a star’s mass triggers the formation of incredibly strong and tangled magnetic fields. Those magnetic fields in turn can dredge up material from the stellar surface and launch it into space.

The collective term for all the events that happen outside a star is called stellar weather or space weather. Space weather can take many forms. For example, it can just be the stellar wind, which is a steady drizzle of charged particles that constantly emanate from a star’s surface. It can also include the occasional flare, which happens when the tangled magnetic field lines around a star break. These flares release huge amounts of x-ray radiation. Sometimes those flares even pull up material from the stellar surface and launch it in this space in the form of a coronal mass ejection.

Astronomers around the world constantly monitor our own Sun for space weather. These solar-generated storms can affect orbiting satellites, crewed missions in space, and sometimes even overwhelm our own planet’s magnetic field and atmosphere, leading to dangerous consequences on the surface.

A new study surveying many different kinds of stars in many different stages of their life has shown that overall we have a pretty good. Our Sun is pretty mild with relatively infrequent outbursts. In contrast, the astronomers behind the study found that exoplanets typically suffer much more severe stellar weather than we do. Some of this is just due to random chance, because they happen to lay closer to their parent star than the Earth does around the Sun. And some of it has to do with the kind of star that they orbit. For example, small red dwarfs are much more turbulent and chaotic than our Sun, with some of them capable of suddenly increasing in brightness by over 50%.

In other cases it simply has to do with age. Young stars are much more temperamental than older ones. Planets around younger stars experience much more extreme space weather events then those around more mature systems.

All told, it seems that we should simply count ourselves lucky.

10-12-2022 om 01:27 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

A new 3D map of the Milky Way Uses close to 66,000 Stars and Reveals New Details About the Shape of our Galaxy

The structure of the Milky Way, showing the warped sections of the disk.

Credit and Copyright: Stefan Payne-Wardenaar; Inset: NASA/JPL-Caltech; Layout: ESA

BY MATT WILLIAMS

A new 3D map of the Milky Way Uses close to 66,000 Stars and Reveals New Details About the Shape of our Galaxy

In the 17th century, Galileo Galilee aimed his telescope at the stars and demonstrated (for the first time) that the Milky Way was not a nebulous band but a collection of distant stars. This led to the discovery that our Sun was merely one of the countless stars in a much larger structure: the Milky Way Galaxy. By the 18th century, William Herschel became the first astronomer to create a map that attempted to capture the shape of the Milky Way. Even after all that time and discovery, astronomers are still plagued by the problem of perspective.

While we have been able to characterize galaxies we see across the cosmos with relative ease, it is difficult for astronomers to study the size, shape, and population of the Milky Way because of how our Solar System is embedded in its disk. Luckily, there are methods to circumvent this problem of perspective, which have provided astronomers with clues to these questions. In a recent paper, a team from the Astronomical Observatory at the University of Warsaw (AstroUW) used a large collection of variable stars to trace the shape of the Milky Way, which yielded some interesting results!

Patryk Iwanek, an astronomer with AstroUW, led the study team. The paper that describes their findings, titled “A three-dimensional map of the Milky Way using 66,000 Mira variable stars,” recently appeared online. For the sake of their study, the team examined data on 65,981 stars observed by the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE), a long-term sky survey of variable stars based at the University of Warsaw. Since 1992, OGLE has monitored the brightness of about two billion stars in the Milky Way and the Magellanic Clouds, providing insight into a wide range of astronomical phenomena.

The shape of the Milky Way galaxy is perturbed by tidal interactions with a dwarf galaxy, as predicted by N-body simulations.

Credit: T. Mueller/C. Laporte/NASA/JPL-Caletch

The OGLE project, also known as the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment, is one of the largest-scale sky surveys worldwide. It is a long-term sky survey that monitors the brightness of about two billion stars in the Milky Way and the Magellanic Clouds. During its long history, the OGLE survey has provided significant contributions to the study of a wide range of astronomical phenomena, including gravitational lensing and microlensing, extrasolar planets, variable stars, cosmic distance scale, and the structure and evolution of the Milky Way and Magellanic Clouds.

As stars approach the end of their main sequence phase, they exhaust their supply of hydrogen fuel and begin consuming helium. This causes them to expand to several times the original size and to become dimmer and cooler than main sequence stars – hence the term Red Giants. Mira variables are a special class of pulsating red giants that have long periods ranging from 80 to more than 1000 days. They are part of the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) of the Hertzsprung–Russell Diagram, which includes all stars with less than 5-8 solar masses.

Their dramatic changes in brightness (like other variable stars) make them very useful to astronomers for measuring distances and the spatial distribution of stars in galaxies. As Iwanek explained Universe Today via email:

“These stars follow a well-defined period-luminosity relation, which means that [by] knowing their pulsation periods, it is possible to calculate their absolute magnitudes and then determine their distances. This feature makes Miras an excellent cosmic distance indicator. Using their precisely measured distances, it is possible to study the three-dimensional distribution of stars in our galaxy.

“Moreover, the high luminosity of Miras, which is orders of magnitude greater than that of the Sun, makes it possible to observe these stars not only in the Milky Way but also in other nearby galaxies (e.g., M31 or the Magellanic Clouds). Studying the Mira variables may help to understand the structure and evolution of galaxies.”

This enhanced image shows the X-shaped distribution around the bulge based on data from the NASA space telescope WISE.

Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/D. Lang

For their study, the team used 65,981 stars mapped by OGLE that fall into the category of Mira variables. They also considered the distance uncertainties by implementing the Bayesian Hierarchical Method (BHM), a statistical model where inferences are made about stellar populations based on smaller samples. From this, they were able to create a detailed 3D map of our galaxy composed of young and intermediate-age stellar populations. Their analysis provides (for the first time) independent evidence of an X-shaped bulge component and a flared disk.

“Based on the sample of 66,000 Mira variables, we measured and confirmed the angle of the Galactic bar (equal to ~20° to the Sun-Galactic center line-of-sight),” said Iwanek. “But more importantly, we showed that a [X-shaped] structure in the center of the Galaxy exists. The X-shape is an additional structure in the dense, central part of the Milky Way, the Galactic bulge, formed by two overlapping groups of stars. This structure is thought to be caused by the movements and interactions of stars within the bulge. It could be a common feature of barred spiral galaxies (similar to our Milky Way).”

This study builds on previous work conducted by astronomers from the University of Warsaw, Ohio State University (OSU), and the University of Warwick (of which Iwanek was a co-author). For this study (released in 2019), Iwanek and his colleagues used data on Cepheid variable stars to create a 3D map of the Milky Way. This map revealed the structure of the Milky Way and allowed the team to constrain the warped nature of the Milky Way’s disk.

The 3D map of the Milky Way from this latest study offers new clues about the structure of the Galactic Bulge, which could also help astronomers understand the structure of other barred spiral galaxies. As Iwanek emphasized, all 66,000 Miras variables were selected and classified from the OGLE survey “by hand.” In other words, the light curve of every star was examined by an experienced astronomer to determine if they were variable and what type they were. This, said Iwanek, presents opportunities for future surveys that rely on machine learning:

“Our huge collection of Mira variables, thanks to its purity and completeness, as well as the accurate and long-term OGLE light curves, can be used to train the machine learning algorithms for the automatic classification of variable stars in future sky surveys conducted with larger telescopes.”

Further Reading: arXiv

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

10-12-2022 om 00:39 geschreven door peter

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09-12-2022

Mile High Towers On Moon In Artimis Mission Photo. Video, UFO Sighting News.

Guys I found this last night and though I better make a video of it. Its just really amazing to find one tower that 1-2km tall, but to find two side by side is beyond rare. Aliens love the shadow areas of craters to hide from micrometeorites, with the wall offering some protection for ships and buildings.

It's important to understand, that alien structures wont conform to what humans think they should be, but instead are what they are, and we need to respect the differences in cultural ways that they clearly have. Or in other words, we need to think outside the box if we the public are going to succeed at revealing the truth. Rather than be confined to NASAs tight lipped, scientific discoveries being drop fed to us, and us thrilled by it. Take a stand and begin searching photos with us. We will bring the truth, and we will win this fight. Disclosure will happen because of us uniting in our efforts.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

Please help me out by following me on Youtube at

https://www.youtube.com/@ScottWaring/videos

NASA Source:

https://flickr.com/photos/nasa2explore/52548765211/in/album-72177720303788800/

09-12-2022 om 22:57 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:Ruins, strange artifacts on other planets, moons, ed ( Fr, EN, NL )

Sun Shoots Out Solar Storm Today! 100X Earths Size, Video, UFO Sighting News.

I made a video of the event so you can see it in real time. The object still has not passed out of sight, meaning, Earth could still be in danger, so give it 1-5 hours and well, we will know then. This material spit out from the sun is over 100X the size of Earth.

See those tiniest little white specks? Thats how big Earth is. Earth is so small the scale in the upper right corner now shows no earth, because its so small. So..lets just wait and see if NASA talks about this, or...if we are toast. Either way, its going to be an interesting day.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

09-12-2022 om 22:48 geschreven door peter

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Giant Solar Storm Just Misses Earth, But Could Have Turned Us Into The Next Mars Had It Hit, UFO Sighting News

Source: NASA
Date of photo: December 8, 2022 21:42

Guys, this is nuts, but there is something that just shot out of Earths sun on the NASA SOHO LASCO C3 viewer that shows a huge solar mass shooting outward. Its already traveled a huge distance in just a short time. Totally must have caught NASA off guard, lucky for us Earth is clearly not in the way of the storm. How do I know, well the atmosphere would be torn off our planet whiping all the air, gasses into space, leaving us nothing. All water would instantly turn to gas and be swept into space, life would not be here and you would not be reading this right now. Thats how I know. Basically, what Mars is today, is what that solar storm would turn Earth into if it had hit us.

So...I guess this is your lucky day. That storm is between 50X earths wide and up to 100X wide. It's like the universe is playing Russian Roulette, and we were invited.

You are not going to hear about NASA talking about this anytime soon. NASA makes it a policy to not make the public panic in any way.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

09-12-2022 om 22:35 geschreven door peter

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Man went outside to speak to a higher being and two UFOs come & hover above him – Georgia, Yesterday

This interesting UFO sighting was filmed in the sky above Cornelia, Georgia yesterday. Cornelia is a city in Habersham County, GA.

Witness report:

I saw two orbs, like stars that came upon me as I’m looking up and talking to a higher being. They showed up and I know for a fact that they showed up and moved in a fashion that was realistic

{https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/}

09-12-2022 om 21:52 geschreven door peter

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The US Military’s Secret Flying Saucer Project | Alien Reproduction Vehicles

Brad Sorenson was an aerospace designer who went to the Norton Air Force Base in 1988 for an air show. The event was a chance for companies and government agencies to show off new technology. He was hoping to connect with potential clients. At some point, Brad got separated from his group.

After he got separated from his group, Brad went to a large hangar to watch a presentation by a three-star general. At first, Brad thought he was in the right place when he saw the usual list of top-secret aircraft. However, the general suddenly pulled a curtain and revealed three brand new airplanes.

09-12-2022 om 21:37 geschreven door peter

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LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

Meet the dearMoon crew that will fly on SpaceX's Starship

Yusaku Maezawa announced the 8 crew members and 2 backup crew members for a trip around the moon aboard SpaceX's Starship.

Credit: dearMoon

SpaceX launches OneWeb satellites for 1st time, nails landing in Florida

A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launched 40 OneWeb Satellite from from Launch Complex 39A in Florida on Dec. 8, 2022. A few minutes after stage separation, the first stage of the rocket landed on Landing Zone 1 (LZ-1) at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station.

Full Story: https://www.space.com/spacex-oneweb-i...

Credit: SpaceX

Scientists Terrifying Discovery of a Massive Alien Structure Changes Everything

Massive Unidentified Object Bigger than Jupiter Spotted Around A Star Is Proof of Advanced Aliens. NASA’s Kepler telescope first noticed the mysterious dipping in the star’s brightness, at random intervals between 2011 and 2013. Tabby's Star, nestled 1300 light-years away, in the constellation Cygnus. At first glance, this star looks like any other normal yellow-white dwarf. However, once we started observing it, we noticed that its dimming was wild and mysterious.

#space #alien #aliens

Earth's Rarest Lightning Finally Caught on Camera

In this video, you’ll find out: where on Earth does lightning strike forty times per minute? What wildest atmospheric phenomena can be seen with the naked eye? And how to find a giant red jellyfish in the sky?

#eldddir_space #eldddir_earth

China’s Long March 2D launches Gaofen-5 01A satellite, rocket sheds tiles

A Chinese Long March 2D rocket launched the Gaofen-5 01A satellite from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center on Dec. 9, 2022. The rocket sheds insulation tiles during launch, a normal occurrence.

Credit: Space.com | footage courtesy: China Central Television (CCTV) | edited by [Steve Spaleta](https://twitter.com/stevespaleta)

Ancient Aliens: Ronald Reagan's Shocking UFO Encounter

Ronald Regan has a frightening encounter with an unidentified flying object next to his plane. See more in this clip from "Aliens and the United States."

#AncientAliens

Egypt's Lost Wonders (Full Episode) | Drain the Oceans

Using the latest technology and research, a missing ancient wonder and once fabled city of the early Egyptian world are discovered beneath the Nile.

15 MOST Mysterious Archaeological Discoveries

With at least 200 thousand years of modern human history, people are continuously finding ancient artifacts and structures that provide a fascinating insight into what life was once like. From lines carved into the ground, to strange caves, devices, and writings… it’s time to explore the 15 most mysterious archaeological discoveries!

RELATED

09-12-2022 om 20:44 geschreven door peter

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Ex-CIA Agent Who Worked At Area 51 Makes Startling Alien, UFO Deathbed Confessions

BY DOUGLAS CHARLES

Ex-CIA Agent Makes Startling Area 51, UFO Deathbed Confession

ISTOCKPHOTO

Recently, there has been renewed interest in what’s happening at the fabled Area 51 military base.

Much of the interest stems from the FBI reportedly raiding the homes of a popular Area 51 website operator, seizing his computers and other equipment.

As a result of this renewed interest, a 2013 interview with an alleged former CIA agent who made some stunning claims about Area 51 on his deathbed.

The anonymous 77-year-old ex-CIA agent, who went by the name Agent Kewper, supposedly worked for the government agency from 1957 to 1960.

The pseudonym comes from a 11 hour interview he did with journalist Linda Moulton Howe in 1998. In Dolan and Corbell’s video, he just goes by the nickname “Anonymous.”

After that interview with Howe, he says he was told to not speak anymore about his experience in the intelligence community, but in ailing health he decided to speak out again in 2013.

The anonymous ex-CIA agent was reportedly later identified as Oscar Wayne Wolff.

In his 2013 interview, he spoke about his experiences at Area 51 in an interview with UFO researcher Richard Dolan and award-winning documentary filmmaker Jeremy Corbell.

In his confession, Agent Kewper described seeing an extraterrestrial spacecraft inside of the secretive Area 51 base. He also mentioned seeing a living alien, giving a description of the creature.

Kewper said there were several alien vehicles inside the base and he was able to examine a number of alien artifacts.

Hows and Whys reports…

The man told Dolan that President Dwight Eisenhower had warned of a threat of Earth being invaded, so he and his superior at the CIA were allowed inside Area-51 to report back to the president. He claimed the two men were also taken to the alleged S-4 facility southwest of Area-51, where they observed “live extraterrestrials.”

“It took us 13 or 15 miles south to s4 and like different garage door openings okay and in these garage door openings they had like different saucer crafts. The very first one had Roswell craft and it was kind of crashed up but apparently, every alien that was in a died except for a couple… The Roswell craft was really strange because it looked like really heavy aluminum foil. We could walk next to it and the whole thing probably weighed 150-300 pounds.”

“Could they tell what the source of power was of this craft?” asked Dolan. “Yeah, it was like a reverse’s gravitational thing of some kind. In fact, I got the mathematical code for reversing gravity in a three-by-five card. I guess they are different types of grays and so on.”

“How did you see that evidence?” – “At s4 we viewed the autopsy film and then the colonel said what we’ve got in here is we’re interviewing a grey alien. I thought we had no idea we were going to see the real thing all we saw was the film. What did this gray alien look like could you describe them a little bit? It didn’t look human as far as the skin tone and basically the shape of it and the size how was its head size compared with a normal human. For example, the brain was kind of a little bit bigger and the nose was very, very small and the ears were just like holes and the mouth was very small.”

{ https://brobible.com/ }

09-12-2022 om 01:34 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )

Can We Survive an Asteroid Collision?

By Bill White on www.survivopedia.com

There are always TEOTWAWKI survival scenarios that capture the survival community’s imagination. For a number of years that’s been an EMP, although back around 2014 the possibility of an Ebola pandemic rose to the forefront. The epidemic in Northwest Africa had a lot of people concerned, especially since it was the largest outbreak of Ebola on record. But back 30 or 40 years ago, before we were aware of EMP, the big one that everyone was concerned about was an asteroid hitting the Earth.

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Part of this renewed interest can be laid at the doorstep of NASA, our government’s space agency, which has upped their asteroid detection game in recent years. Just recently, NASA upgraded their asteroid tracking capability, giving them “full sky” tracking capability. This is now done by radar, rather than through the use of telescopes, a much more accurate means of determining an asteroid’s course track. A single hour’s worth of radar data provides sufficient data to accurately project the asteroid’s path for years to come.

I suppose that the idea of a rogue asteroid destroying the Earth does have some historic president, considering that scientists believe that the extinction of the dinosaurs was caused by an asteroid impacting with the Earth. This impact is believed to have caused an ice age, with the colder climate killing off the giant reptiles.

This may not make much sense, unless you understand what would happen if such an asteroid or comet hit the Earth. These asteroids, which are made up of a mixture of clay, rock, minerals and sometimes even ice, travel at an average speed of about 25 kilometers per second. Those that get captured by the Earth’s gravity accelerate as they come down, reaching about 30 kilometers per second. To put that into perspective, that works out to 98,425 feet per second. Rifle bullets, which vary in velocity, travel at an average of 3,900 feet per second, 1/25 of that speed.

With that high a velocity, any asteroid hitting the surface of the Earth would have an incredible amount of kinetic energy; enough so that the apparent explosion from the asteroid’s impact could be greater than that generated by a nuclear bomb. The material of the asteroid, as well as the rocks and dirt at the impact point would be pulverized, creating a huge blast wave, traveling out from the epicenter. Then, just like happens with an atomic explosion, that blast wave would collapse back on itself, creating a mushroom cloud.

The characteristic mushroom cloud from an atomic explosion is filled with dust and debris, kicked up by the explosion, just as it would be in the case of a large asteroid impact. This is carried up into the upper atmosphere and eventually comes back down as fallout. There would be fallout too, in this case, but it would not be radioactive.

We have a very good idea of what that dust in the upper atmosphere does, because of what’s known as the Year Without a Summer, which happened in 1816. Mount Tambora, a volcano in what was then known as the Dutch East Indies erupted, spewing tons of ash into the upper atmosphere. During the three years that it took for that ash to fall back to earth, the amount of sunlight reaching the surface was diminished by 0.4 – 0.7°C. While that didn’t have much of an impact, the loss of sunlight reduced harvests considerably in 1816, causing widespread famine.

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While there is no historic record of the Chicxulub Impactor, as the asteroid that ended the reign of the dinosaurs is known, the dust and debris kicked up into the upper atmosphere by its impact probably had a similar effect, although to a much greater degree. This asteroid, which was 3.1 miles in diameter, hit off the coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, near the city of Mérida, Mexico, leaving a crater that is 110 miles (180 km) in diameter and over 12 miles (20 km) in depth. Scientists have estimated that the kinetic impact equaled an explosion equivalent to 100,000 gigatons of TNT. By comparison, the Tzar Bomb, the largest nuclear bomb ever built, was only the equivalent of 50 million tons of TNT, one-two-thousandth of the explosive force.

The asteroid that made this crater is estimated to have been 10 kilometers, or six miles, in diameter. Not only did it throw up massive amounts of pulverized dust into the upper atmosphere, but more recent research indicates that it also caused the biggest earthquakes the Earth has ever known, releasing some 50,000 times more energy than the magnitude 9.1 earthquake that hit Sumtra in 2004. That was the third largest earthquake in recorded history.

By comparison, the asteroids that NASA tracks as “Near Earth Objects” (NEOs) are much smaller, with sizes ranging from 4 meters up to 320 meters in 2022. Pretty much all of those are large enough that they would survive passing through our atmosphere and hit the Earth, if they were on a collision course. But NASA classifies any asteroid or comet that passes within 1.3 au of the Earth. An AU or astronomical unit, is the distance from the Earth to the Sun. That’s 150 million kilometers or 93 million miles. Not quite close enough to do much damage.

Some 17,000 meteorites hit the Earth each year; but most are not much more than dust by the time they make landfall, having burnt up as they passed through our atmosphere. Few are large enough to cause any damage at all by the time they reach the surface and there is only one recorded case of one actually hitting a person, Ann Hodges, in 1954. In addition to being slowed by passing through the atmosphere, the Hodes meteorite was slowed by passing through the roof of her home, a radio and hitting the blanket she was under. It still left a grapefruit-sized bruise.

Few meteorites large enough to be noticed, let alone cause damage hit the Earth. In 1908, an asteroid or comet came into contact with the Earth’s atmosphere and exploded over Russia. The resulting explosion was equivalent to 12 megatons of TNT, flatting an estimated 80 million trees over an area of 2,150 square kilometers (830 square miles).

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The Chelyabinsk meteor, which measured roughly the size of a six-story office building, came down over Chelyabinsk, Russia in 2013 and was caught on film. It was undetected ahead of time, because it came from the direction of the sun, making it difficult to stop by astronomical observation. Most of the meteorite was lost in an air burst, which had the explosive power of 400 to 500 kilotons of TNT. That was enough to cause damage to 7,200 buildings and was recorded as far away as Antarctica.

Yet these events are extremely rare. While it is always possible that another meteorite, large enough to cause considerable damage, could hit the Earth in our lifetime, these events have historically happened only every few hundred years. A meteorite large enough to destroy life on Earth would have to be 60 miles wide (96 kilometers), roughly twenty times the size of the Chicxulub Impactor that wiped out the dinosaurs.

There is obviously little that you or I can do to protect ourselves from such an event. Considering the explosive power of these impacts, it would be physically impossible to fortify a home to withstand them or build a bunker that would allow us to survive at ground zero. Such a bunker would have to be buried 12 miles underground, far deeper than the deepest hole that mankind has ever drilled.

There is some good news though; NASA is hard at work, turning science-fiction into reality. In September of 2022, NASA crashed a spacecraft into an asteroid, in an attempt to alter its course. The small asteroid chosen was Dimorphos, an asteroid 525 feet in diameter (160 meters) and one of a pair of asteroids some 6.8 million miles away. The spacecraft impacted this asteroid at 3.8 miles per second, giving it only 0.5% of the asteroid’s momentum. Even so, it managed to altar the asteroid’s orbit around its twin by 23 minutes. Considering that they had pre-determined that anything more than 73 seconds would be a success; this test can be considered an outstanding success.

Considering the small mass and velocity of the spacecraft, it appears that the material ejected from the asteroid by the kinetic explosion works out to somewhere between 10 and 100 times the mass of the spacecraft itself. Such a huge increase in performance was obviously due to the mass and velocity of the asteroid itself.

While this does not mean that NASA has a weapon ready to protect the Earth from a destructive asteroid aimed right at us; but it is a major step in the right direction. This was nothing more than a proof of concept. Now the concept needs to be developed and turned into a real weapon.

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One of the biggest challenges facing NASA is one of aiming the spacecraft; something that they fortunately have lots of experience with. Dimorphos was hit at a point in its orbit when it was coming right at the course track of the spacecraft. That simulates the course track to be expected from an asteroid heading towards the Earth. There would still be some cross-ranging to be concerned about, as both the orbital path of the Earth and the orbital path of the asteroid could have to be taken into consideration. But again, that’s something that NASA has been doing for years. At the time of impact, there would be no cross-ranging, as the point of impact would be somewhere between the original detection point and the Earth, with the asteroid heading towards where the Earth would end up being when it arrived.

Yes, the math is enough to give a world-class headache to you and me. I guess that just proves we’re not rocket scientists. On the other hand, the people working on this program are actual rocket scientists, who I am sure are much better at the math, than I am.

ALL RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

09-12-2022 om 00:37 geschreven door peter

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This Hellish Planet Orbits its Star Every 18 Hours. How Did it Get There?

An artist’s impression of the planet 55 Cnc e (smaller, dark orange circle) blocking the light from its rotating host star.

Image Credit: Maggie Chiang/Simons Foundation

BY EVAN GOUGH

This Hellish Planet Orbits its Star Every 18 Hours. How Did it Get There?

Astronomers discovered 55 Cancri e in 2004. That was five years before NASA’s Kepler planet-hunting spacecraft was launched, and exoplanet science has come a long way in the intervening years. Astronomers discovered the planet with the radial velocity method rather than Kepler’s transit method. 55 Cancri e was the first super-Earth found around a main-sequence star. The 55 Cancri system was also the first star discovered with four, and then five, planets.

The discovery was big news then; over the years, follow-up work has revealed more details, including that 55 Cancri e is extremely close to its star and has a molten surface.

But one question remained unanswered: How did it get there?

A new study published in Nature Astronomy shows how 55 Cancri e must have formed further away from the star in its solar system’s cooler reaches. The study is “Measured spin-orbit alignment of ultra-short-period super-Earth 55 Cancri e.” The lead author is Lily Zhao, a research fellow at the Flatiron Institute’s Center for Computational Astrophysics (CCA) in New York City.

55 Cancri is a binary star system about 41 light-years away. One star (55 Cancri A) is a K-type main sequence star, and the other (55 Cancri B) is a red dwarf. 55 Cancri e isn’t the only planet in the system. It has four siblings.

The new paper is based on observations made with the EXtreme PREcision Spectrograph (EXPRES) instrument on the 4.3-m Lowell Observatory Discovery Telescope at the Lowell Observatory in Arizona. It’s built for precise radial velocity measurements of planets as they orbit their stars.

As the study title suggests, the spin-orbit of planets is vital in understanding planets and their place in the evolution of the solar system they belong to. It’s particularly important when it comes to planets like 55 Cancri e because astronomers don’t understand how planets like it end up so close to their stars. More on that later.

55 Cancri e is known for being extremely close to its main sequence star, Cancri 55 A, most often referred to as simply Cancri 55. Cancri 55 is smaller and less massive than the Sun, so it’s also a little cooler. But that doesn’t matter to the planet.

55 Cancri e is classified as a super-Earth, but it’s far from Earth-like. (Many exoplanets are interesting because of potential habitability but don’t even mention habitability in this case.) It orbits so closely to the star that its surface is molten and reaches a temperature of 2000 Celsius. (3600 F.) It travels so rapidly that its year is only 17.5 hours long.

Because it’s so close to its star and orbits so quickly, 55 Cancri e is called an ultra-short period (USP) planet. Planets that complete an orbit in less than 24 hours are USPs.

The planet wasn’t always a blistering, molten inferno. That’s because it didn’t form in its current location.

“Astronomers expect that this planet formed much farther away and then spiralled into its current orbit,” said Debra Fischer. She’s from the National Science Foundation’s Division of Astronomical Sciences and is a senior author of the paper. “That journey could have kicked the planet out of the equatorial plane of the star, but this result shows the planet held on tight.”

But even though the planet formed further from the Sun than where it resides now, and it’s a super-Earth, it likely was never habitable. 55 Cancri e “… was likely so hot that nothing we’re aware of would be able to survive on the surface,” said lead author Zhao.

55 Cancri e isn’t the only planet to change orbit over time. The same thing happened in our Solar System. The Grand Tack Hypothesis says that Jupiter formed at 3.5 AU, migrated inward to 1.5 AU, then back out to 5.2 AU, where it orbits today. The Grand Tack Hypothesis explains a few things about our Solar System, including why Mars is so small.

Jupiter’s migrations helped shape the Solar System and may have influenced Mars’ fate. If Mars was once habitable, and it’s looking more and more like it was, Jupiter’s migration had to have affected it somehow. So understanding how exoplanets like 55 Cancri e migrate over time should help us understand exoplanet habitability in other solar systems. Such information is critical to finding just how common Earth-like environments might be in the universe and, by extension, how abundant extraterrestrial life may be.

The oddball planet is fascinating because it’s so unlike our planet or any other planet in our Solar System. For curious scientists, it’s more than just an oddball. They want to know how it ended up so close to its star.

That brings us back to the unusual planet’s spin-axis alignment.

This image shows 55 Cancri e's orbital axis relative to the star's stellar spin axis. 55 Cancri e is that small black dot, and the larger circle represents the star. The red and blue halves of the star represent how the light is shifted, a key factor in determining the planet's spin-orbit axis. Image Credit: (L.Zhao et al./Nature Astronomy 2022)

This image shows 55 Cancri e’s orbital axis relative to the star’s stellar spin axis. 55 Cancri e is that small black dot, and the larger circle represents the star. The red and blue halves of the star represent how the light is shifted, a critical factor in determining the planet’s spin-orbit axis.

Image Credit: L.Zhao et al./Nature Astronomy 2022

It may seem counterintuitive that astronomers use a spectrograph, which measures light, to determine a planet’s motion. But it works because of the Doppler effect. The Doppler effect explains how light moving away from us is red-shifted and light moving toward us is blue-shifted. Cancri 55 e’s host star is spinning, meaning the light from the receding side is red-shifted. Conversely, the light from the approaching side is blue-shifted.

As Cancri 55 e transits in front of the star, the EXPRES instrument at the Lowell Observatory measures the star’s light precisely. Those measurements reveal apparent, but not real, deviations in the planet’s radial velocity, and those deviations tell astronomers about the planet’s orbit and spin relative to the star’s. The authors explain it best when they write, “Capturing the resultant net red/blueshift reveals the orientation of the planet’s orbital normal vector with respect to its host star’s spin vector, that is, the sky-projected stellar spin-orbit alignment or the stellar obliquity.”

The specific effect that the team measured when the planet transits the star is the Rossiter–McLaughlin (RM) effect. Explaining that in detail would mean going down a rabbit hole, and it’s beyond the scope of this article. But the image below does shed some light on it. It’s sufficient to say that the nature of the light changes, and EXPRES can measure it precisely, more precisely than older instruments.

This image illustrates the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect. The viewer is situated at the bottom. Light from the anticlockwise-rotating star is blue-shifted on the approaching side and red-shifted on the receding side. As the planet passes in front of the star, it sequentially blocks blue- and red-shifted light, causing the star’s apparent radial velocity to change, but it does not in fact, change.

Image Credit: By Autiwaderivative work: Autiwa (talk) – Rossiter-McLaughlin_effect.png,

CC BY 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=9761976

Even though the planet’s actual radial velocity doesn’t change, the measured apparent change still shows the slight gravitational change that the planet induces on the star. Without that information, it isn’t easy to piece together Cancri 55 e’s story and how it got so close to its star. Because, as we know, it cannot have formed there.

This is an inside look at the actual data collected by EXPRES. It shows radial velocity measurements for Cancri 55 e, captured over two separate transits of the planet with the EXPRES instrument. The white highlighted regions span the transit duration of the planet, and the areas outside of the white are from directly before and after the transits.

Image Credit: L.Zhao et al./Nature Astronomy 2022

The key finding is that Cancri 55 e orbits along its star’s equator while its four siblings don’t. Remember that the Cancri 55 system is a binary system, and the small red dwarf in the binary pair is quite distant from the larger star. But it still exerts its weaker gravity on the system, which explains why all five stars likely had an orbit not precisely aligned with the larger star’s rotation. Since it’s highly likely that the planet initially had the same orbital plane as its siblings, it shows that as it migrated inward, the primary star’s gravitational force pulled the planet into alignment with the star’s equator.

As far as what led Cancri 55 e to start its migration toward the star, there could be several causes. Planets are in constant motion, and when there are five of them, they exert influence on each other which can cause planets to migrate. It’s also possible that the planet formed out of the circumstellar disk with an initial misalignment.

“We’ve learned about how this multi-planet system — one of the systems with the most planets that we’ve found — got into its current state.”
Lily Ahao, lead author, Flatiron Institute’s Center for Computational Astrophysics.

“We’ve learned about how this multiplanet system — one of the systems with the most planets that we’ve found — got into its current state,” said study lead author Lily Zhao.

While this study can’t conclude exactly what caused Cancri 55 e to get so close to its star, it’s still important. Previous measurements of its spin-orbit alignment gave contradictory results because the instruments used to measure the alignment weren’t as precise.

Several theories attempt to explain how Ultra-Short Period planets end up in hellish locations. One theory says that due to the distant red dwarf, all of the planets should be misaligned with the primary star’s rotation. Another says that secular resonance between 55 Cancri e and the other planets excited the planet’s orbital eccentricity and inclination, misaligning it with the other planets and the star. But thanks to the precise measurements possible with EXPRES, the team has narrowed it down.

An artist's illustration of the so-called 'Hell Planet," 55 Cancri e, orbiting its star, 55 Cancri. Image Credit: ESA/Hubble, M. Kornmesser

An artist’s illustration of the so-called ‘Hell Planet,” 55 Cancri e, orbiting its star, 55 Cancri.

Image Credit: ESA/Hubble, M. Kornmesser

“The close alignment of the ultra-short-period, super-Earth 55 Cnc e’s orbit normal with its host star’s spin axis places constraints on theories for how USPs migrate to their present-day positions and how they interact with other planets in compact multiplanet systems,” the authors write in their conclusion. “This measurement additionally gives clues as to why none of the other known planets around 55 Cnc transit and the possible role of 55 Cnc’s distant stellar companion.”

As is usually the case, better data leads to better conclusions. In this case, the powerful EXPRES instrument helped the team understand this unusual planet better. “The EXPRES data used in this analysis have a consistent and often a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), as well as lower uncertainties than the RV measurements previously used,” they write. Here they’re referring to instruments like HARPS, the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher, another spectrometer designed to find exoplanets.

“Our precision with EXPRES today is more than 1,000 times better than what we had 25 years ago…”
Debra Fischer, senior author, National Science Foundation’s Division of Astronomical Sciences

The team concludes that the close alignment between the planet’s orbit and the host star’s axis favours one explanation over others. “The close alignment of 55 Cnc e’s orbit normal with its host star’s stellar axis preliminarily favours the low eccentricity and planetary obliquity tide models.” Low eccentricity means the planet’s orbit wasn’t completely circular but didn’t deviate much from a circle. Planetary obliquity is the angle between a planet’s orbit and its spin axis. And that’s as deep as we’re going.

Remember that this star system is 41 light-years away—an enormous distance! And even though Cancri 55 e is several times more massive than Earth, it’s still impossibly tiny from this far away. That’s why improved instruments like EXPRESS are so important in astronomy.

Cancri 55 is 41 light-years away in the Cancer constellation. Image Credit: CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=361148

Cancri 55 is 41 light-years away in the Cancer constellation.

Image Credit: CC BY-SA 3.0,

https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=361148

“Our precision with EXPRES today is more than 1,000 times better than what we had 25 years ago when I started working as a planet hunter,” Fischer said. “Improving measurement precision was the primary goal of my career because it allows us to detect smaller planets as we search for Earth analogs.”

EXPRES is newer than HARPS and reveals more detail in transiting exoplanets than HARPS can. And the detail is helping us understand solar system dynamics in remote systems like Cancri 55 and may eventually help explain our own Solar System’s history. “With this robust measurement using EXPRES data, we can place constraints on the different proposed dynamical histories for the 55 Cnc system.”

Press Release: How the ‘Hell Planet’ Got So Hot
Press Release: Yale device delivers data from ‘Hell Planet,’ leads astronomers to its orbit
Published Research: Measured spin-orbit alignment of ultra-short-period super-Earth 55 Cancri e
Universe Today: Super-Earth Conditions Simulated in the Lab to Discover if They’re Habitable

09-12-2022 om 00:00 geschreven door peter

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08-12-2022

SpaceX Launches ‘Starshield’. A Quiet Announcement With A Huge Potential

spacex starshield

BY ANTON POZDNYAKOV

SpaceX Launches ‘Starshield’. A Quiet Announcement With A Huge Potential

SpaceX revealed their new service called Starshield. It is a “secured satellite network for government entities” and is aimed at “supporting national security.” The project looks similar to Starlink, but instead of providing service to end users and businesses, Starshield is aimed at government entities. Here’s what we know so far.

There was no big presentation with Elon Musk getting on stage or anything like that. SpaceX quietly released a new section on its website that adds another entry to the company’s list of services. The information we got is rather limited, but it’s still enough to see where things might be going.

What Is Starshield Exactly?

Image credit: SpaceX

SpaceX has a lot of experience developing Starlink satellites. They develop all the hardware on their own. SpaceX launches the satellites with an unprecedented cadence. They control and maintain this huge constellation, providing communication services worldwide, even to Antarctica. Now SpaceX wants to offer this expertise as a service to the US government through Starshield.

SpaceX claims that Starshield will be focused on three main areas: Earth observation, communications, and hosted payload. This means they will develop, launch, and maintain custom satellites using Starlink technology and launch capability. They are offering SCaaS — Satellite Constellations as a Service — aimed at the B2G market.

Starshield is basically SCaaS — Satellite Constellations as a Service

With Starlink, SpaceX was their own customer. They ordered a constellation capable of delivering space internet connectivity on LEO from themselves, and they delivered it. With Starshield, SpaceX is ready to take orders from others.

Taking Starlink to The Next Level

Starshield will build upon the technology already available for Starlink. Satellites will feature a modular design. This means SpaceX will be able to integrate a variety of payloads depending on the customer’s specific needs. It will also use “additional high-assurance cryptographic capability to host classified payloads” on top of the end-to-end encryption available with Starlink. Starshield satellites will also use laser communication to talk to each other. It’s probably safe to say that Starshield will also use the existing Starlink network for communication if that’s what’s needed.

Image credit: SpaceX

Working with the US government isn’t something new for SpaceX. They already do multiple launches for NASA, US Air Force, and US Space Force. With Starshield, they intend to expand this relationship. Thus getting even more government contracts. We heard multiple times from SpaceX and Elon himself that Starlink is a project intended to provide a lot of cash flow for the company. This way, they should be able to afford all their ‘Occupy Mars’ plans and other not-so-profitable ideas. Adding the government to the list of customers should surely help with that.

With Starshield in place, SpaceX will have even more vertical integration. They are the first private company that provides a full-stack approach to satellite constellations. SpaceX develops, launches, maintains, and services all its satellites. If you want to see how such an approach can benefit you, just look at Apple. It is the most valuable and, arguably, one of the most influential companies in the world. Many of their current successes came because of their very hardcore vertical integration.

NASA Has No Alternative to SpaceX At The Moment

At the moment, NASA depends on SpaceX a lot. Crew Dragon is the USA’s only spacecraft capable of delivering astronauts to the ISS, as Starliner continues to experience problems. Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy make up more than 2/3 of the USA’s launches in 2022. Other rockets that may provide completion, like Vulcan or New Glenn, suffer multiple delays. But the situation can get even worse soon, as Starship will become operational.

When NASA awarded the HLS contract solely to SpaceX and further extended it later, they put themselves in a very dependent position. It’s obvious that the main space activity for the upcoming decade will revolve around Artemis. This is NASA’s flagship program that will generate the most hype, have the biggest contracts, etc. And it all depends on the success of SpaceX’s Starship. At least through Artemis III and Artemis IV, which are now planned for 2025 and 2027, respectively, and may be further delayed.

Artist’s rendering of SpaceX Starship human lander design.

Image credit: SpaceX

The Lunar version of Starship is designed to require multiple LEO refuelings to perform a landing on the Moon. This means that the fully stacked Starship system will need to perform multiple flights quickly. The only way to do that is to master rapid reusability. And the only way to do that is to have a working heat shield that will withstand reentry and won’t need too much servicing between flights; to have a fully working SuperHeavy with all its 33 Raptor V2 engines; to have a working Mechazilla that catches both Starship and SuperHeavy multiple times; as well as all the other bits and pieces that make Starship work.

Failing any of these things is a blocker for the entire Artemis program, as it further delays human landing on the Moon. Therefore, NASA now fully depends on the entire Starship project. It has no alternatives in the near future, as it’s the only landing option for both Aremis III and Artemis IV.

Starshield Makes Dependancy on Starship Even Worse

Image credit: SpaceX

With the HLS contract, SpaceX got NASA (and thus the US government) dependent on Starship. This means they are directly interested in the success of the project. So, there’s a strong incentive for NASA and other government structures to remove all hurdles that the Starship project can potentially face.

SpaceX themselves are also dependent on Starship’s success. It’s the only way to launch Starlink V2, as they are too big and heavy to fit in Falcon rockets. SpaceX doesn’t explicitly say whether Starshield will share a platform with the first or the second generation of Starlinks; the latter might likely be the case. If so, then Starshield will tighten the knot of the US government’s dependency on Starship even harder.

He Who Fights Too Long Against Dragons Becomes A Dragon Himself

Image credit: SpaceX

SpaceX is now in a very dominant position in the space industry. Falcon rockets are responsible for over a third of all successful launches in 2022 in the world. Starlink has a huge head start over its competition, with over 3200 active satellites already in orbit. Without SpaceX, there will be no human landings on the Moon.

If Starship delivers on its promises of 100 tons to LEO with rapid reusability, it will significantly drop the launch costs for SpaceX. This will allow them to further increase their dominance in the markets they are already in and possibly get into new ones. And with the US government and NASA being so dependent on Starship because of Artemis and potentially Starshield, the regulators will have a stimulus to support SpaceX’s monopoly instead of properly regulating it and encouraging completion.

Monopolies are never good in the long term. And SpaceX is clearly on the course of becoming a very strong one. So, no matter how great SpaceX may seem, we desperately need NASA and other government structures to support the competition and encourage its success. Only this way the entire industry can benefit in long term.

08-12-2022 om 23:55 geschreven door peter

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Meteorites Bathed in Gamma Rays Produce More Amino Acids and Could Have Helped Life get Going on Earth

Carbonaceous chondrites like the Allende meteorite contain significant amounts of water and amino acids. Could they have delivered amino acids to early Earth and spurred on the development of life?

Image Credit: By Shiny Things - originally posted to Flickr as AMNH - Meteorite, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4196153

BY EVAN GOUGH

Meteorites Bathed in Gamma Rays Produce More Amino Acids and Could Have Helped Life get Going on Earth

Our modern telescopes are more powerful than their predecessors, and our research is more focused than ever. We keep discovering new things about the Solar System and finding answers to long-standing questions. But one of the big questions we still don’t have an answer for is: ‘How did life on Earth begin?’

We won’t answer the question of life’s origins in one dramatic act. Instead, we’re chipping away at it, slowly piecing together an answer over generations. We know life has building blocks, molecules critical to life gaining a foothold here on Earth and, hopefully, elsewhere. Amino acids are some of those building blocks.

Amino acids play a critical role in life on Earth, though we don’t know exactly how they fit into a timeline of life’s origins. We’ve found them in space, which has led to speculation that they originated there and then found their way to Earth as biological building blocks.

A new study fills in part of the picture by showing that meteorites bathed in gamma rays produce more amino acids.

There are hundreds of amino acids, but only 22 appear in the genetic code. Glycine is one of the simplest amino acids in the genetic code, and scientists have found glycine in objects in space. They’ve seen it in comets, interstellar dust clouds, and meteorites that fell to Earth, which led to the idea that meteorites contributed to the appearance of life on Earth.

A new study shows that when meteorites are bathed in gamma rays, they produce more amino acids. The study is “Gamma-Ray-Induced Amino Acid Formation in Aqueous Small Bodies in the Early Solar System,” and it was published in ACS Central Science, the journal of the American Chemical Society. The lead author is Yoko Kebukawa, an associate professor in the Department of Chemistry at Yokohama National University.

When Earth formed, the Solar System was a much more chaotic place. Meteorites flew through space, slamming into things like particles in an accelerator. Many of them struck Earth. There are fewer of them now, though they still fall to Earth. When they do, people find some of them, and many have found their way to scientists’ labs. Over time, scientists have classified meteorites into different families.

There are three top-level categories of meteorites: stony meteorites, iron meteorites, and stony-iron meteorites which are a combination of both types. There are further classifications based on chemical compositions, isotopes, and mineralogy.

Carbonaceous chondrites (CCs) are a type of stony meteorite and are some of the most primitive. The name is a bit confusing. Scientists thought they contained carbon because of their dark and grey appearance, but they actually contain less carbon than other meteorites. However, CCs contain something more important than carbon: they’re known for containing water and other molecules, including amino acids.

That, along with their ancient age, makes them important because they hold clues to the early Solar System, back when Earth was settling down, and life was getting started.

There seems little doubt that carbonaceous chondrites contained amino acids back then and that they would’ve delivered them to the young Earth. But how did the amino acids form?

That’s the question behind the new study.

Artist's concept of a meteorite entering Earth's atmosphere. There were more meteorites striking Earth billions of years ago. Could they have delivered building blocks like amino acids to Earth, spurring on the appearance of life? Image Credit: University of Oxford

Artist’s concept of a meteorite entering Earth’s atmosphere. There were more meteorites striking Earth billions of years ago. Could they have delivered building blocks like amino acids to Earth, spurring on the appearance of life?

Image Credit: University of Oxford

Lead author Kebukawa showed in previous research that reactions between simple molecules such as ammonia and formaldehyde could create macromolecules, including amino acids. But only in the presence of liquid water and only when there’s heat to drive reactions. We know carbonaceous chondrites contain water, but where did the heat come from?

It could’ve come from one of the two naturally-occurring isotopes of aluminum: ²⁶Al.

²⁶Al is cosmogenic, meaning it was created when cosmic rays bombarded meteor fragments. It was relatively abundant back when the Solar System was forming but has now decayed.

²⁶Al is unstable and releases gamma rays as it decays. Scientists think the heat from that decay is responsible for the melting and differentiation of some asteroids after they formed in the early Solar System. But the heat could’ve also driven the production of amino acids in meteors.

Kebukawa and her colleagues tested this idea in their laboratory. They combined compounds like formaldehyde and ammonia, both common chemicals in space, and exposed them to gamma rays. Not gamma rays from ²⁶Al but from more readily available ⁶⁰Co (cobalt-60). ⁶⁰Co is a synthetic radioisotope produced in nuclear reactors. It’s used in radiation therapy, sterilizing medical instruments, and other things.

Since it produces gamma rays as it decays, the researchers used ⁶⁰Co as a proxy for primordial ²⁶Al.

The experiment showed that when 26Al decayed and released gamma rays, the rays melted ice in carbonaceous chondrites. In the presence of liquid water and the energy from the 26Al, simple chemicals like ammonia (NH3) and methanol (CH3OH) formed amino acids. Image Credit: Kebukawa et al. 2022.

The experiment showed that the rays melted ice in carbonaceous chondrites when ²⁶Al decayed and released gamma rays. In the presence of liquid water and the energy from the ²⁶Al, simple chemicals like ammonia (NH₃) and methanol (CH₃OH) formed amino acids.

Image Credit: Kebukawa et al. 2022.

The researchers found that the gamma rays increased the production of some amino acids as the gamma-ray exposure increased.

This figure from the study shows how gamma rays produced different amino acids. Gamma rays are measured in kGy, kilo-Grays (1 kGy. = 1,000 J/kg). The zero kGy rows on the bottom are the control group. The colour-coded legend explains how much of each amino acid was produced. Glycine, the simplest and most common amino acid, is shown in blue at the bottom of the legend.

Image Credit: Kebukawa et al. 2022.

Amino acids are divided into four categories: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. Alpha amino acids are the most essential amino acids because they’re used to synthesize proteins. Glycine (Gly), Alanine (Ala), Leucine (Leu), Serine (Ser), Asparagine (Asp), Isoleucine (Ile), and Glutamine (Glu) are all alpha amino acids produced in the experiment. The quantities of these essential amino acids rose in the irradiation solutions as the total gamma-ray dose increased.

What do these laboratory results mean in the real world?

The researchers took their results and calculated a plausible level of amino acid production in meteorites. They focused on a specific family of meteorites called CM chondrites, the most commonly recovered carbonaceous chondrite type. The M stands for the Mighei meteorite, and their calculations are for the parent body of all CM chondrites. Their analyses also take into account the decay of amino acids over time.

The team calculated the production of alpha-alanine and beta-alanine, a component of things like vitamin B₅. They calculated the yields of amino acids in the liquid phase and the whole rock. Their work shows that it would’ve taken between 1,000 and 100,000 years to produce the amount of alanine and ?-alanine found in the Murchison meteorite, the most well-studied Mighei meteorite.

This figure from the study shows the calculated yields of alpha-alanine (green) and beta-alanine (pink) in the CM parent body. The top row shows (a) the Gamma-ray dose rate expected in the parent bodies of CM chondrites and calculated yields of alanine and beta-alanine per year (b) in the liquid phase, and (c) in the whole rock. The bottom row shows (d) the Total gamma-ray dose expected in the parent bodies of CM chondrites and calculated total yields of alanine and beta-alanine (e) in the liquid phase and (f) in the whole rock.

Image Credit: Kebukawa et al. 2022.

In the paper’s conclusion, the researchers explain their results. “Our findings point to the possibility of gamma-ray-induced amino acid formation from ubiquitous, simple molecules such as formaldehyde and ammonia in the presence of water inside small bodies during the early stages of the formation of the Solar System.” Note the prudent use of the word “possibility.”

“The gamma-ray-induced production of amino acids could be a novel prebiotic amino acid formation pathway that could have contributed to the origins of life on early Earth, as building blocks of life were delivered through the fall of meteorites.”

The idea that meteorites could’ve brought amino acids to the Earth and helped spur on life is not new. But this study strengthens that idea and is another piece of the intricate puzzle that is life on Earth.

Press Release: Meteorites plus gamma rays could have given Earth the building blocks for life
Published Research: Gamma-Ray-Induced Amino Acid Formation in Aqueous Small Bodies in the Early Solar System
Universe Today: One of Life’s Building Blocks can Form in Space

08-12-2022 om 23:34 geschreven door peter

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Three Mile UFO Over Hanoi, Vietnam On Nov 30, 2022, Photos, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Nov 30, 2022

Location of sighting: Hanoi, Vietnam

Often misidentified as a Linear cloud, this UFO is cloaked within a cloud, but the setting sun light hits its shields which contain the cloud within create an iridescent rainbow of colors. This ship is huge, about 3 miles across and could easily hold tens of thousands of alien occupants. I know what you are thinking, I was taught to believe its scientifically explainable, that its just a cloud. Don't be sheep. Even aliens are relying on you being predictable, its the unpredictable people who change this world.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

08-12-2022 om 22:43 geschreven door peter

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Is An Alien Contact About To Happen In Porto Alegre, Brazil, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Nov 9, 2022

Location of sighting: Porto Alegre, Brazil

Watch this great catch of a flashing UFO over Brazil last week. The eyewitness posted the video to Twitter. The UFO was seen five days in a row, always the same location. Absolute awesome and very beautiful to look at. It seems that there is going to be a direct contact coming very soon to Porto Alegre, sure hope they are ready for it.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

Eyewitness states:

For the 5th night in a row, there are multiple reports of strange lights in the sky over Porto Alegre, Brazil. More aircraft pilots reported the appearance of these UFOs.

08-12-2022 om 22:31 geschreven door peter

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Huge Rock Gets Stuck In Rover Perseverance Wheel, Dec 8, 2022, UFO Sighting News.

Date of discovery: Dec 8, 2022

Location of discovery: Mars
Source photo:

https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/multimedia/raw-images/FLF_0639_0723682597_946ECM_N0310000FHAZ02008_06_095J

Here's something you don't see everyday. A huge rock gets lodged inside the wheel well of the Mars rover this week. With the metal wheels being hollow, its likely this rock has been there for weeks and will likely continue rolling inside the wheel for weeks to come. I'm not sure who designed the wheels but NASA really should have taken these kinds of things into account when designing them. Already I see the two scratch marks going down from where the rock slide down the wheel. Such things can seriously damage the wheel and in turn, damage the rover. If the rover can't move its wheels, the mission is basically over. I just wanted to show you something NASA doesn't want you to see, and something you wont see in the news.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

08-12-2022 om 22:23 geschreven door peter

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Bob Lazar: Area 51 & Flying Saucers (FULL MOVIE)

The story of Bob Lazar. This was recently posted on YouTube to watch for free.

Bob Lazar, a former government physicist, revealed in 1989 that the US military had been secretly working on extraterrestrial spacecraft. He blew the whistle and shocked the world, but he had remained silent until now. His account was dramatized by Academy Award nominee Mickey Rourke.

Due to Lazar’s revelation, the public became aware of Area 51, which was a former secret military base. He was burdened with a revolutionary secret that required him to choose between his country’s interests and his conscience. His wife, his mother, and his close friends believed him, which is why his testimony has been regarded as one of the most controversial UFO stories of all time.

The film by Jeremy Corbell, which is about Lazar’s saga, offers a glimpse into the triumphs and struggles of a cosmic whistleblower. It follows Lazar’s claims about the government’s secret program to develop a powerful technology using recovered alien vehicles. His actions have affected his life significantly for the last three decades.

Due to his actions, his life has turned upside-down. He has tried to avoid the spotlight by maintaining a low-profile. This is why he has never allowed journalists or filmmakers into his private life.

The film by Corbell, which is about Lazar’s saga, offers a glimpse into the triumphs and struggles of a cosmic whistleblower. It will also change the way the public thinks about UFOs.

08-12-2022 om 22:01 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

NASA Artemis 1 mission update - Moon flyby and splashdown preview

NASA's Artemis 1 Orion spacecraft performed an engine burn when it was just 79 miles (128 kilometers) above the lunar surface on Dec. 5, 2022. The burn set it on a trajectory to splashdown on Earth on Dec. 11.

Credit: NASA

See Mars get eclipsed by moon in rare occultation - time-lapse

The Griffith Observatory in California had a great view of the Mars-Moon occultation on Dec. 7, 2022. See the Red Planet slip behind the moon and re-emerge in this time-lapse.

Credit: Griffith Observatory | edited by Space.com's edited by [Steve Spaleta]

(https://twitter.com/stevespaleta)

Wow! See Artemis 1 spacecraft's Earth-moon transit view in amazing time-lapse

Shortly before NASA's Artemis 1 Orion spacecraft performed its longest engine burn of the mission on Dec. 5, 2022, it captured this amazing view of the moon. [NASA's Artemis 1 Orion spacecraft completes crucial moon flyby maneuver for trip home]

(https://www.space.com/artemis-1-orion...)

Credit: NASA

DOOMSDAY HIEROGLYPHICS HIDDEN IN THE PYRAMIDS | Countdown to Armageddon

Researchers believe extraterrestrial beings took part in building the great pyramids. See more in this clip from Nostradamus Effect.

#NostradamusEffect

Why Does The Trident Missile Have A Spike On Its Nose?

The Lesser known aerospike, the aerodynamic device found on the noses of missiles which have to have blunt noses to make them short enough to fit inside submarines. At supersonic speeds these reduce the drag by 50% and added 550km to the range of a Trident missile while still letting them fit in the same missile tubes designed for the original Polaris.

How NASA Will 3D Print Houses On The Moon!

How NASA Will 3D Print Houses On The Moon! Thanks, Pinecone, for sponsoring this video! Click my exclusive link https://www.influencerlink.org/SHEQZ to start earning cash on Pinecone!

Last Video: How We Will Build An Underground Civilization On Mars!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BjJfc...

SpaceX upgrade everything for the massive engine testing and orbital flight incoming

Work on Ship 24 Continues as Scaffolding is Removed | SpaceX Boca Chica

Crews worked on Ship 24 as the scaffolding around it was removed, work on the Orbital Launch Mount continued, and Ship 28, 29, and 30's nosecones were spotted in various stages of production.

Video and Pictures from Nic (@NicAnsuini), Nomadd (@Nomadd13), and Starbase Live. Edited by Jack (@theJackBeyer).

Scientists Have Just Landed A Probe On An Asteroid & It Sent Back Some Unreal Photographs

Humans have advanced to the stage where we can land spacecraft on the moon and other planets. However, scientists have managed a by far trickier landing; landing a probe on an asteroid!

This is a massive feat, but even more unreal are the photographs of the asteroid that the probe sent back! Which asteroid did scientists land a probe on, and what has the probe discovered on the asteroid? Stay tuned as we bring you how scientists managed to land a probe on an asteroid and the unreal photographs it sent back!

When you look up at the sky on a clear night and see many stars, you may get the impression that space is a crowded place. However, that is far from the case, as space is mostly an empty place. But it contains objects that are of interest to us!
Some, like even the closest stars, are so far away that we may never be able to send a probe there, not to talk of human-crewed missions. However, some are relatively near, like asteroids, and scientists want to study them!
We have studied asteroids for long with powerful telescopes. But how about sending a probe to investigate an asteroid? This was the thinking of NASA when it sent a probe to asteroid Bennu to get samples! But landing a probe on an asteroid is no joke!
The mission is known as Origins-Spectral Interpretation-Resource Identification-Security-Regolith Explorer! Thankfully, there is an acronym that, while not so short, is more manageable; OSIRIS-REx!
OSIRIS-REx is quite expensive, with a budget of 800 million dollars. The mission won funding while pitched against other missions to study Venus and the moon. The mission took off in September 2016 and took more than two years to finally land on Bennu, where it took detailed measurements of the asteroid's shape and mass before returning to orbit

RELATED

08-12-2022 om 21:36 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Massive Magma Plumes and Maybe Microbes on Mars

Paul Seaburn

We may be a long way from putting humans on Mars, but that hasn’t stopped scientists from placing sophisticated equipment on the Martian surface to find evidence of life now or once on the Red Planet … and one of those machines just detected a rumble that might mean there is something hot and molten below the surface of what has long been thought to be a cold, hard orb. On Earth, ‘hot and molten’ usually means lava when it is shooting out of a volcano like the Mauna Loa which is currently erupting, or magma when it is still trapped underneath the surface. Believe it or not, it may now mean the same thing on Mars – data from NASA’s InSight rover’s “mole” is showing an active mantle plume, which on Earth means a giant column of hot molten rock which drives volcanic activity and earthquakes by pushing hot magma up from the mantle to the planetary crust. This means Mars may have active volcanic activity – the kind that melts ice into water and sparks chemicals into life forms. Will a mechanical probe find life on Mars before humans arrive?

The Martian surface doesn't look too life-supporting.

“Although the majority of volcanic and tectonic activity on Mars occurred during the first 1.5 billion years of its geologic history, recent volcanism, tectonism and active seismicity in Elysium Planitia reveal ongoing activity.”

As a new study published this week in Nature Astronomy reminds us, there was once volcanic activity on Mars, but it was 4 billion years ago. That has been confirmed by various satellites, rovers and landers which found tracks of ancient lava flows on the planet’s surface. C-authors Adrien Broquet, a postdoctoral research associate in the University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory (LPL), and Jeff Andrews-Hanna, an associate professor of planetary science at the LPL, were intrigued by new data from NASA’s InSIght (Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport) lander. Since it touched down in 2018, InSight has been measuring marsquakes with its Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure (SEIS) instrument and recording underground heat with its Heat Flow and Physical Properties Package (HP3), which includes a probe nicknamed "the mole", which was designed to burrow 16 feet below the surface but only got to about 1.1 feet. Nonetheless, the equipment picked up a surprising amount of marsquakes and heat and virtually all of it was emanating from a region called Elysium Planitia, a plain close to the equator. According to the press release:

"Previous work by our group found evidence in Elysium Planitia for the youngest volcanic eruption known on Mars. It created a small explosion of volcanic ash around 53,000 years ago, which in geologic time is essentially yesterday."

While the rest of the planet hasn’t had any shaking going on in billions of years, Elysium Planitia has had large eruptions over the past 200 million years that continue to today -- as of May 2022, Insight had recorded 1,313 marsquakes but scientists were unable to determine what was causing them. Broquet and his team knew Mars does not have plate tectonics like Earth, so the only other cause of the marquakes would be a mantle plume. Think of them as blobs of molten magma bubbling to the surface where they either nestle under the crust, warming the area above them, or burst through fissures to cause quakes, volcanoes and lava flows. The data showed that Elysium Planitia had been lifted up a mile high by something under the Martian surface. When the data was fed into a tectonic model, it showed the presence of a plume … and it was a monster.

"This mantle plume has affected an area of Mars roughly equivalent to that of the continental United States. Future studies will have to find a way to account for a very large mantle plume that wasn't expected to be there.”

What was thought to be a dead spot when it was chosen as the landing spot for InSight turned out to be a 2,500 miles wide cap on a massive magma plume. As the study exclaims, this is a big deal.

“Our results demonstrate that the interior of Mars is geodynamically active today, and imply that volcanism has been driven by mantle plumes from the formation of the Hesperian volcanic provinces and Tharsis in the past to Elysium Planitia today.”

There is volcanic activity on Mars today. Broquet calls this “a paradigm shift for our understanding of the planet’s geologic evolution." It means Mars is not a cold, dead orb but a warm, active one … at least under the surface. That, as we now know, is where Marian ice is hiding. The heart of the magma means that ice could be water. And that means this could be a paradigm shift in the search for life on Mars as well.

"Microbes on Earth flourish in environments like this, and that could be true on Mars, as well. Knowing that there is an active giant mantle plume underneath the Martian surface raises important questions regarding how the planet has evolved over time. We're convinced that the future has more surprises in store."

Did the surface of Mars once look like Hawaii?

More surprise like … microbes living deep beneath the Martian surface? How about just 30 feet below it? Dr. Amy J. Williams, an assistant professor of geology at the University of Florida and not part of the study, thinks they could have been there in the not too distant past and perhaps are still there in a dormant state. She tells National Geographic:

“I wouldn’t put it past the Martian microbe to beat the odds and survive for an extended period. Whether it’s still there today, I can’t hazard a guess. But as an astrobiologist, my hope is that it is, and that maybe that knowledge can help us have a deeper appreciation for our place in the universe.”

Until now, Earth and Venus were the only planets in the Solar System known to have active mantle plumes … coincidentally, these were also the only planets to either have life or have strong signs of the possibility of life. We now have a third.

08-12-2022 om 01:47 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

The 2023 Predictions From Baba Vanga and Nostradamus are Here - Be Forewarned!

Paul Seaburn

The end of the year 2022 is fast approaching, which means it is time for the 2023 predictions of those famous dueling dead psychics – Baba Vanga and Nostradamus. And even though there are still a few weeks left to change the course of history, this is also a good time to see how the two of the most famous seers of all time did in their prognostications for 2022. Let’s start with the recap first … that will give you time to sit down, take a deep breath and brace yourself for what Baba Vanga and Nostradamus are warning is ahead for us in the new year.

“A team of researchers will discover a lethal virus in Siberia that was, up until now, frozen. Due to the catastrophic effects of global warming, said virus will be released and could quickly spin out of control…”

Baba Vanga Caption

Vangeliya Pandeva Gushterova, better known as Baba Vanga lived in Bulgaria from 1911 to 1996, and lives on to the present day in her predictions on major world events. Not one to dabble in World Cup winners, Baa occasionally forecast royal events as she amassed a sizeable collection of somewhat vague and often cryptic prognostications that nonetheless were deemed to be right or close to correct by those who follow and interpret them. While that hasn’t yet been the case for her 2022 prediction about a lethal virus from Siberia, she was said to be correct about “Intense bouts of floods (in Bangladesh, India, Thailand and Australia)” and “water shortages in several countries and major cities.” While events like those generally happen frequently and in those specific countries, ‘close’ counts in horseshoes, hand grenades and psychic predictions, so Baba Vanga is being credited for two right out of six for 2022, with three weeks left to still be right on this one: “Alien ships will attack Earth and they will bomb cities and take people captive.”

What does Baba Vanga see for humanity in 2023? Here are five predictions, courtesy of MSN.com

A solar storm will strike Earth in 2023 on a scale the world has never before seen. This prediction is certainly possible, and even a minor one could still knock out electrical and power grids that would bring communications and commerce to a standstill.

A "big country" will carry out bioweapons research on people, resulting in the death of thousands of them. This sounds pretty scary and completely plausible with the war in Ukraine, the volatile political climates in Iran and other countries, and the protests raging in China over mass COVID shutdowns – any of these could be linked to bioweapons research and the accidental or intentional mass deaths of thousands.

Baba Vanga predicts a nuclear power plant explosion in 2023. Again, that could easily happen in Ukraine – we came very close in 2022 with Russia attacking and seizing the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant.

Humans will grow babies to full term in laboratories in order to allow parents to choose skin color and other characteristics of their offspring. Chinese scientists have already edited the genomes of human embryos and created the first human genetically edited babies, so this is well on its way to happening in that country.

Aliens will visit Earth, the world could find itself "covered in darkness" and millions will die as a result. There is that “mass death” prediction again for 2023 – Baba Vanga doesn’t have much good to say about our upcoming year. If it is any consolation, she also predicted an alien arrival in 2022 and that hasn’t happened yet, but her forecast for 2022 did not predict that “millions will die.”

Will we survive to look back on 2023 and list the predictions of Baba Vanga that didn’t happen or were not as severe as she forecast? Let’s hope so. In the meantime, here’s a look at what Nostradamus saw happening in 2022.

“Twice put down, the East will also weaken the West.

It’s adversary after several battles chased by sea will fail at time of need.”

“The sudden death of the first personage / Will have changed and put another in the reign.”

That first prediction of a world war fought at sea hasn’t happened yet, and the “sudden death” in the second was not Queen Elizabeth II but thought to be North Korea’s Kim-Jong Un, although Russia’s Vladimir Putin is said by some to be dying of cancer … there are still three weeks to go for him to go. The quatrains of Michel de Nostradame’s prophecies were published in 1555 and must be interpreted, but many interpreters believe he correctly predicted the Great Fire of London, the French Revolution, the rise of Adolf Hitler, the assassination of JFK, the moon landing and 9/11. Looking past his misses in 2022, the Santa Barbara News-Press unveiled his predictions for 2023.

The antichrist very soon annihilates the three,

Twenty-seven years the war will last.

The unbelievers are dead, captive, exiled.

With blood, human bodies, water and red hail covering the earth.

If you thought Baba Vanga’s prophecies were depressing, Nostradamus’ are downright apocalyptic. This quatrain is interpreted to predict a 27-year world war between Russia and the U.S. and its allies as a result of the conflict in Ukraine. That war may quickly bring about Nostradamus’ second prediction for 2023 – Britain’s entry into the war.

“Within the isles is a very horrible uproar. One will hear only a party of war.”

Nostradamus is warning about a 9.8 quake in the Pacific Ocean which will release giant spiders and locusts – those are probably symbolic of something worse. He also predicts a meteorite the size of a whale will bring an alien species to Earth – perhaps this is Baba Vanga’s mass deaths as the result of aliens. He also projects that U.S. President Joe Biden will suffer from a mystery disease – that would not be a surprise based on his age. On the climate change front, he sees costs of scarce foods so high that “the bushel of wheat rise that man will be eating his fellow man.” However, the scariest (and possibly strangest) prediction goes back to Putin, Russia and the problem the country has in recruiting new soldiers to fight the war.

A monkey of fortune with twisted tongue

will come to the sanctuary of the gods.

He will open the door to heretics

And raise up the Church militant.

This is interpreted to mean that a long-running rumor that Russia is working on human-monkey hybrids will come true in 2023 – a military chimera that will feed on anything, fight like animals and not result in the same sorrow and guilt back home when they die.

There you go – the predictions of Baba Vanga and Nostradamus for 2023. Don’t you wish they’d stick to World Cup winners?

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

08-12-2022 om 01:27 geschreven door peter

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Popular toy of prehistoric children revealed by new research

Original slate plaque modeled after an owl in the Museo de Huelva. Replica of the Valencina Slate Plaque with inserted owl feathers on the two drilled holes at the top of the plaque.

Written by Katie Hunt, CNN

Over the past century, thousands of pieces of slate engraved with images of owls have been unearthed from tombs and pits across the Iberian Peninsula, in what's now Portugal and Spain. The artifacts date from around 5,000 years ago, and for more than a century their function has flummoxed archaeologists. Many thought they represented goddesses and primarily served a ritual purpose. Findings from new research published Thursday, however, suggest a more prosaic function: They were toys made and used by children.

Víctor Díaz Núñez de Arenas, the study coauthor and researcher at the Complutense University of Madrid's department of art history, said the engravings' informal appearance made the team doubt they were exclusively ritual objects. Plus, many of them were found in homes and other archaeological sites that did not have a clearly ritual context.

To test the idea that they were instead toys, the research team examined 100 of the slate plaques, documenting which particular owl traits were featured in the engraving — feathery tufts, patterned feathers, a flat facial disk, a beak and wings. The researchers then compared them with 100 images of owls drawn earlier this year by children ages 4 to 13 at an elementary school in southwestern Spain. The students were asked by their teacher to sketch an owl in less than 20 minutes, with no further instructions.

The common species called little owl (Athene noctua) may have inspired some engraved slate plaques. Two fledglings are shown.

The common species called little owl (Athene noctua) may have inspired some engraved slate plaques. Two fledglings are shown.

Credit: Juan J. Negro/Scientific Reports

"The similarity of these plaques with the drawings made by children of our days is very remarkable," Díaz Núñez de Arenas said via email. "One of the things that they reveal to us about the children of that time is that their vision of what an owl is (is) very similar, if not identical, to what children of today have."

It's impossible to know exactly how prehistoric children would have played with the owls, he said, but many of the slates have perforations that could have allowed kids to insert real feathers at the top, Díaz Núñez de Arenas said.

Drawings of owls by present-day children were similar to the owls on the plaques, researchers said.

Drawings of owls by present-day children were similar to the owls on the plaques, researchers said.

Credit: Juan J. Negro/Scientific Reports

In addition to play, engraving the owls could have helped children learn a valuable prehistoric skill.

"The engraving of these plaques provided the youngest with an activity with which to learn the handling of the different techniques of carving and engraving of the stone, essential for the realization of other objects, such as knives or points of arrow used for functional tasks of daily life. It could even be a way to detect and select the most skilled members of the community for stone carving," he said.

Díaz Núñez de Arenas said the slate owls could have also played a ritual role, perhaps allowing children to participate in community ceremonies such as burials, offering their toys or dolls as a tribute to deceased loved ones.

This slate plaque with an engraving of an owl was part of the study.

Credit: Juan J. Negro/Scientific Reports

Archaeologist Dr. Brenna Hassett, a research associate at University College London who was not involved in the study, agreed that many ancient objects described as ritual might have multiple purposes and uses. She said that not enough was known about how children played in prehistory, and that it remains a relatively understudied field.

"We have to remember that many things would have been made of perishable materials — such as string and fur and wood — so that is one of the reasons it is so rare to find something that is unmistakably a 'toy,'" said Hassett, author of the 2022 book "Growing Up Human: The Evolution of Childhood."

The plaques aren't the oldest known potential toys in the archaeological record. Díaz Núñez de Arenas said animal figures found in children's graves in Siberia dated to around 20,000 years old have been interpreted as toys, while Hassett said spinners or thaumatropes found in French caves dating back to around 36,000 years ago are thought by some to be toys.

The journal Scientific Reports published the research Thursday.

Top photo (from left): An original slate plaque modeled after an owl in Spain's Museo de Huelva is shown with a replica of a slate plaque from Valencina de la Concepción that's adorned with owl feathers inserted in drilled holes.

{ https://edition.cnn.com/ }

08-12-2022 om 00:55 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ARCHEOLOGIE ( E, Nl, Fr )

Populair speelgoed van prehistorische kinderen onthuld door nieuw onderzoek

Prehistorisch speelgoed heeft duidelijk de vorm van een uil.

Populair speelgoed van prehistorische kinderen onthuld door nieuw onderzoek

Een prehistorisch voorwerp van 5.000 jaar oud dat regelmatig wordt gevonden in Spanje en Portugal blijkt speelgoed te zijn. Als je dacht dat een houten tol oud is, dan ga je versteld staan van dit stukje geschiedenis. In verschillende graftombes werden beschilderde stenen gevonden, een eeuw lang werd gedacht dat het ging om een religieus ereteken, maar het blijkt een uil in steen te zijn voor kinderen.

Bron: CNN

Víctor Díaz Núñez de Arenas, auteur van de studie en onderzoeker aan de universiteit van Madrid, vertelt aan CNN dat de guitige opschriften hen deed twijfelen of het een religieus voorwerp was. Veel van deze voorwerpen werden ook gevonden in huizen en andere sites die niets met religie te maken hadden.

De onderzoekers vergeleken honderd van deze voorwerpen met tekeningen van uilen die door kinderen tussen 4 en 13 jaar oud werden getekend op een lagere school in Spanje. De kinderen kregen als opdracht van hun leerkracht om een uil te tekenen in minder dan 20 minuten. “De gelijkenissen tussen deze tekeningen en de platen waren zeer opvallend”, zegt Díaz Núñez de Arenas. “Hoe kinderen toen een uil zagen, is bijna identiek aan hoe kinderen nu een uil voor ogen zien.”

Versieringen

“Het is onmogelijk om te weten te komen hoe kinderen 5.000 jaar geleden exact met dit speelgoed speelden, maar het werd wel duidelijk dat kinderen de uil konden versieren met veren bovenaan het plakkaat”, zegt Díaz Núñez de Arenas aan CNN. Het graveren van de uil was ook leerrijk, want zo leerden ze verschillende technieken aan voor het bewerken van stenen. Dit zou later van pas komen om messen, pijlpunten en andere objecten uit steen te maken.

Archeologe Brenna Hassett, onderzoeker aan het University College in London, die niet deelnam aan de studie, was het ermee eens dat veel voorwerpen uit de oudheid meerdere doelen en toepassingen kunnen hebben. Zij zegt dat er niet genoeg bekend is over hoe kinderen in de prehistorie speelden, en dat het een relatief onderbestudeerd gebied blijft. “We moeten niet vergeten dat veel dingen gemaakt zijn van vergankelijke materialen - zoals touw, bont en hout - dus dat is een van de redenen waarom het zo zeldzaam is om iets te vinden dat onmiskenbaar ‘speelgoed’ is”, zegt Hassett in een interview met CNN.

Nog ouder speelgoed

De platen zijn echter niet het oudste bekende speelgoed in het archeologische archief. Díaz Núñez de Arenas zegt dat er dierfiguren zijn gevonden in kindergraven in Siberië, van ongeveer 20.000 jaar oud, die mogelijk als speelgoed werden gebruikt. Daarnaast zegt Hassett dat er draaiplaatjes werden gevonden in Franse grotten van ongeveer 36.000 jaar geleden. Ook die kunnen volgens haar als speelgoed worden beschouwd.

08-12-2022 om 00:27 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:HLN.be - Het Laatste Nieuws ( NL)

07-12-2022

Will We Ever Go Back to Explore the Ice Giants? Yes, If We Keep the Missions Simple and Affordable

Uranus and Neptune are begging to be visited, but expensive missions to visit them may never be approved.

Image Credits: (L) By NASA – http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA18182, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=121128532. (R)

By Justin Cowart – https://www.flickr.com/photos/132160802@N06/29347980845/, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=82476611

BY EVAN GOUGH

Will We Ever Go Back to Explore the Ice Giants? Yes, If We Keep the Missions Simple and Affordable

It’s been over 35 years since a spacecraft visited Uranus and Neptune. That was Voyager 2, and it only did flybys. Will we ever go back? There are discoveries waiting to be made on these fascinating ice giants and their moons.

But complex missions to Mars and the Moon are eating up budgets and shoving other endeavours aside.

A new paper shows how we can send spacecraft to Uranus and Neptune cheaply and quickly without cutting into Martian and Lunar missions.

The demands of deeper, scientifically fulfilling missions to Mars and the Moon are squeezing the budgets of NASA, the ESA, and other agencies. But there are fascinating worlds further out in the Solar System that are begging to be explored. Especially the ice giants Uranus and Neptune.

NASA has a strong focus on Mars and the Moon right now. The eventual Mars Sample Return mission will be resource intensive, as will the Artemis program. But the ice giants demand attention, too, even though we can never land there or gather samples from them. They played a role in the evolution of the Solar System, they’re similar to many exoplanets we find in distant solar systems, and our brief encounters with them gave us only tantalizing glimpses.

The last spacecraft to fly past Uranus was Voyager 2 in 1986, and it was the only one. It got to within 81,500 kilometres (50,600 miles) of the planet’s cloud tops. Voyager 2 was also the last and only spacecraft to fly past Neptune, coming to within 4,800 kilometres (2,983 miles) above the planet’s north pole in 1989. Imagine what dedicated orbiters could discover with modern technology.

Voyager 2 caught this view of Neptune's south pole as it left the planet behind. Image Credit: NASA/JPL

Voyager 2 caught this view of Neptune’s south pole as it left the planet behind.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL

The Hubble space telescope has tried to fill in the gaps in our understanding of the Solar System’s pair of ice giants. But it struggles to reveal details from a distance. The James Webb Space Telescope has shown its ability to study our Solar System’s planets with its fascinating images of Jupiter, but it has other jobs to do. Observations from a distance will always have their limitations and can never replace purpose-built missions.

The Hubble Space Telescope captured these images of Uranus and Neptune. Uranus' rings are visible, as are Neptune's moons Proteus (top), Larissa (lower right), and Despina (left). Image Credits: ESA/NASA/Hubble

The Hubble Space Telescope captured the

se images of Uranus and Neptune. Uranus’ rings are visible, as are Neptune’s moons Proteus (top), Larissa (lower right), and Despina (left). Image Credits: ESA/NASA/Hubble

Philip Horzempa, from LeMoyne College at Syracuse University, says that we can explore both Uranus and Neptune if we’re guided by two simple words: simple and affordable. In a white paper submitted to the National Academies of Sciences, Horzempa outlines the case for building a pair of orbiters to visit Uranus and Neptune. He explains how they needn’t be ground-breaking designs, and they needn’t be flagship missions.

“Flagship missions are wonderful, but they are useless if they are so complex that they never get funded and never fly.”
Philip Horzempa, Syracuse University

Instead, NASA could rapidly develop missions to both ice giants that could gather important scientific data without breaking their budget. Launch windows are approaching for missions to both planets, and rather than propose elaborate missions that may never get approved, NASA should develop reasonable missions that can advance our understanding of both worlds.

Horzempa points out that there’s a historical precedent for this. Some of NASA’s best missions were only launched as more streamlined, cheaper versions of their original proposals. The Viking Mars landers were eventually launched as more streamlined versions of an initial mission proposal. NASA’s Grand Tour program in the 1970s called for four probes: two would’ve visited Jupiter, Saturn, and Pluto. Two more would’ve visited Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune. But the program was enormously expensive and was cancelled. Instead, NASA launched Voyager 1 and 2. The New Horizons mission and the Parker Solar Probe have similar backstories.

Timing is critical. Later this decade, there are two launch windows that can take advantage of Jupiter gravity-assist maneuvers. “In order to take advantage of the first Jupiter assist, it is imperative that Phase A should begin for a Neptune Orbiter in 2022,” Horzempa writes, so time is running out. “This abbreviated timeline dictates the use of a simple craft with no atmosphere Probe.”

Ideal missions to both planets would include orbiters and atmospheric probes. Both planets likely have solid cores, but the rest of their compositions are very strange and might include regions where methane decomposes into diamond crystals that rain downward like hailstones into oceans of liquid carbon. We’ve got a lot to learn about Uranus and Neptune and their atmospheres, but more detailed studies with probes will have to wait.

This diagram shows our current understanding of Neptune's composition. Image Credit: By Lajoswinkler - Own work, CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=121263027

This diagram shows our current understanding of Neptune’s composition.

Image Credit: By Lajoswinkler – Own work, CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=121263027

Sacrificing an atmosphere probe is a trade-off worth making if it means that a mission can be launched to take advantage of gravity-assist maneuvers, according to Horzempa. “Key to affordability is the separation of the Probe missions from the Orbiters,” he writes. This makes the orbiters more simple and cheap, which increases the likelihood that they will be approved.

Probes could still come later, Horzempa says, which can be an advantage for future atmospheric probe missions to both ice giants. “The Orbiters be given 1st priority in the launch queue. Since the Probe program will be untethered from the Orbiter effort, its mission cadence will be determined by factors unique to the study of giant planet atmospheres.”

All spacecraft are high-tech endeavours, but orbiters themselves are the most well-understood design. Rovers are enormously complex, and sample-return missions ratchet the complexity up even further, though neither of those is explicitly relevant to the ice giants. Restricting ice giant missions to orbiters only makes the missions feasible. “The Ice Giant Orbiters will build on the experience of previous such missions. By now, industry has ‘figured out’ how to construct such craft,” writes Horzempa.

Orbiter technology is reliable and ready to be employed at the ice giants. The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has been working above Mars since 2006 and is still going strong. In this artist’s illustration, it’s using its Shallow subsurface radar (SHARAD) instrument to look under Mars’ surface.

Image Credit: By NASA/JPL/Corby Waste – http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA07244

(image link), Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=339732

For NASA, the 2020s is a decade of stiff competition for resources. Their budget will be stretched thin by Artemis, Mars Sample Return, and other programs like the Lunar Discovery program. But since missions to the ice giants can take so long, we run the risk of getting no new data from either planet for up to 40 years unless NASA acts now. “A radically new approach is called for if we are to obtain any new data in the coming 20-40 years,” Horzempa says.

One of the critical pieces for simple and affordable missions concerns the power source. Solar power is in short supply in the ice giants’ neighbourhood. Spacecraft travelling that far are designed around radioisotope thermoelectric generators. They contain radioactive isotopes that decay and release heat, which is then converted into electricity. This is the type of system that the New Horizons mission to Pluto uses.

Unfortunately, the development of the next generation of RTGs was cancelled. It was called the enhanced-MMRTG and would’ve delivered more power than previous RTGs. NASA has plans for a Next Generation RTG, but there are no firm dates attached to it and no guarantees it will be built.

The cancellation of the e-MMRTG is an obstacle for missions to the ice giants but not a deal-breaker. Image Credit: NASA

The cancellation of the e-MMRTG is an obstacle for missions to the ice giants but not a deal-breaker.

Image Credit: NASA

This means that the standard MMRTG (Multi-Mission Radioisotope Thermal Generator) and solar power are the only available options. The orbiter missions are still doable, according to Horzempa. “This limitation means that the Ice Giant craft will need to be very frugal with their power demands.” It also means that the Uranus orbiter could be forced to get by on solar power because RTGs take time to build and may be needed for other applications. (MSL Curiosity and the Perseverance rover both use MMRTGs.) For distant Neptune, an RTG is the only option.

“Two fast, simple, affordable (FSA) orbiters can be launched if one of those crafts is solar-powered,” Horzempa explains. “Physics dictates that the single MMRTG be used for the Neptune Orbiter.”

Thanks to continued technological progress, solar power is now a feasible power source for a Uranus orbiter, as long as power consumption is managed rigorously. New designs are 20% lighter and one-quarter the volume of previous panels while delivering the same power output. “The ROSA (Roll-Out Solar Array) and Mega-ROSA panels can provide 200-400 W at 20 A.U.,” writes Horzempa. “The first ROSA array was launched to the ISS in 2017 and demonstrated its capability.”

Left: ROSA panels being maneuvered into position with the Canadarm 2 robotic arm. Right: ROSA panels installed on the ISS.

Image Credits: (L) https://www.flickr.com/photos/nasa2explore/51615594915/,

Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=111483041. (R)

By NASA/Crew-2 – https://www.flickr.com/photos/nasa2explore/51711652461/; see also https://images.nasa.gov/details-iss066e080651

(image link), Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=112937438

With less power available, decisions will need to be made about science payloads. The words simple and affordable are still the guiding ideas, and Horzempa outlines how science payloads can adapt. The obvious first step is to limit the number of science devices.

As a flagship mission, the Juno mission to Jupiter holds nine scientific instruments. One of them, the JunoCam, was included solely to provide optical light images for the rest of us to enjoy and isn’t truly a science instrument. Simple and affordable orbiters to the ice giants won’t have the same payload capabilities as Juno.

But, perhaps ironically, a high-resolution camera is probably the primary instrument for missions to Uranus and Neptune.

We've grown accustomed to stunning JunoCam images of Jupiter. Could a similar instrument on ice giant orbiters provide the same level of visual detail while still being scientifically necessary? Image Credit: NASA/JPL

We’ve grown accustomed to stunning JunoCam images of Jupiter. Could a similar instrument on ice giant orbiters provide the same level of visual detail while still being scientifically necessary?

Image Credit: NASA/JPL

“With a limited payload, first priority goes to imaging,” Horzempa writes. “The satellites of Uranus and Neptune are in dire need of complete, detailed photographic coverage.” Horzempa points out that creating charts is the first step in exploration, “… a tradition that is thousands of years old,” he explains.

“High-resolution and context cameras will produce those base maps,” he says, and by adding near-IR imagers, the orbiters can probe the atmospheres and the ring systems.

Decoupling probe missions from orbiter missions is one way to develop missions that are fast and affordable. But probe missions are too important to ignore completely.

Horzempa explains that while orbiter technology is well-established and can be employed more readily, probe technology has fallen behind. Proposals for a Saturn probe have been rejected, leaving that technology to languish. Before we can ever send atmospheric probes to the ice giants, we should send one to Saturn.

“The initial mission would be a Saturn Probe. That would satisfy a long-standing objective and develop the technology required for almost-identical Probes for Uranus and Neptune,” he writes. He also says that the Decadal Survey should “…advocate for combined KBO-Ice Giant Probe missions.”

There've been proposals for flagship missions to the outer Solar System and Kuiper Belt in the past, but they never got approval. They suffer from being too complex, according to Horzempa. Image Credit: Simon, Stern, Hofstadter.

Other scientists have also urged the Decadal Survey to consider combining missions to the ice giants and KBOs. This image is from “Outer Solar System Exploration: A Compelling and Unified Dual Mission Decadal Strategy for Exploring Uranus, Neptune, Triton, Dwarf Planets, and Small KBOs and Centaurs.”

Image Credit: Simon, Stern, Hofstadter.

In his white paper, Horzempa keeps coming back to the idea that flagship missions that try to accomplish too much at once are likely to be rejected. While flagship missions including probes are not the priority in ice giant missions, neither should probes be forgotten. The idea for orbiter-only missions to Uranus and Neptune makes more sense if there are also plans for future atmospheric probes.

“Flagship missions are wonderful, but they are useless if they are so complex that they never
get funded and never fly,” he writes. He refers to this as the ‘complexity trap.’ “Less ambitious missions will deliver less science, but they have a better chance of achieving a coveted New Start.”

NASA is considering a concept for a mission to Uranus and its moons. It’s called the Uranus Orbiter and Probe, and it’s a flagship mission that could be launched in 2031. It was being considered alongside a similar mission to Neptune called Neptune Odyssey. A flagship mission to Uranus makes logical sense because it follows similar missions to Jupiter and Saturn (Juno and Cassini.) But its potential expense means it may not be approved or developed in time. Horzempa’s argument is that we can visit both ice giants cheaply and rapidly if we trim down the missions.

Ultimately, it’s up to the Decadal Survey team to find the right mix. “This paper does not put forward a specific design but, rather, asks the Decadal team to endorse a competitive approach to the exploration of the Ice Giant systems,” Horzempa states in his conclusion. He says that NASA should set the cost, outline the objectives, and let the commercial sector tackle it. That will engender healthy competition.

There is never a shortage of worthwhile missions. Successful missions to destinations throughout the Solar System have only made us hungry for more. It’s been over 35 years since Voyager 2 performed its brief flybys of the ice giants. That spacecraft’s cameras were essentially TV cameras from the 1970s. Think of how much technology has advanced since then and how much we can learn from modern orbiters.

Horzempa makes a strong case for fast, simple, affordable missions that can take advantage of rapidly-approaching launch windows. Should NASA seize the opportunity?

White Paper: Ice Giant Exploration Philosophy: Simple, Affordable
NASA/JPL: Images Voyager Took of Neptune
White Paper: Gas Giant and Ice Giant Atmospheres: Focused Questions for 2023-2032

07-12-2022 om 23:47 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

A new Hubble Image Reveals a Shredded Star in a Nearby Galaxy

The latest composite image of supernova remnant DEM L 190, released in November 2022.

Credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, S. Kulkarni, Y. Chu

A new Hubble Image Reveals a Shredded Star in a Nearby Galaxy

The Hubble Space Telescope, to which we owe our current estimates for the age of the universe and the first detection of organic matter on an exoplanet, is very much doing science and still alive. It’s latest masterpiece remixes an old hit – apparently a growing trend in space science as well as space music.

Big Bada Boom

The story of this image begins roughly 165,000 years ago, when an unnamed O-type star in the Large Magellanic Cloud died in a type II supernova. Light from the explosion shot out in all directions, and about 160,000 years later a tiny cross section of that expanding sphere of light reached Earth. If humanity had modern telescopes around 3,000 BC, automated systems might have logged a blip in the southern constellation Dorado, well under the limits of human perception from such a great distance.

The supernova remnant took on a familiar form: a beautiful glowing cloud of expanding gas surrounding a pulsar – a super-dense and rapidly spinning neutron star with a powerful magnetic field. Shockwaves from the collapsing stellar core interacted with the nebula, coalescing the diffuse gas into filaments. Two especially hot and dense regions of gas shot away from the central pulsar in opposite directions, “bullets” likely fired off by the core’s powerful magnetic field. Within 5,000 years the nebula would be 75 light-years across, its heart still glowing at a million degrees.

People Are Noticing

The remnant was catalogued by Karl Henize in 1956 as part of a survey of emission nebulae in the Magellanic Clouds. Dubbed N49 (sometimes LMC N49) it was immediately recognized as a powerful radio emitter, and to this day it is the brightest supernova remnant in the Large Magellanic Cloud. On March 5, 1979 a historically powerful gamma ray burst was detected by all nine spacecraft of the interplanetary gamma-ray burst network. The source was quickly pinpointed as N49, which at this point was a usual suspect for this sort of mischief.

But The March 5 transient was so insanely powerful that a second otherwise-invisible neutron star in that region was hypothesized. The term “pulsar” wasn’t going to cut it for N49. This and other similar events spurred on the study of “soft gamma ray repeaters,” and eventually the creation of the “magnetar” classification in 1992.

The Hubble Space Telescoped first imaged N49 over 3 hours between November of 1998 and July of 2000. Three false-color images in the classic “Hubble Palette” – red for sulfur, blue for oxygen, and green for hydrogen – were captured using its Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) and superimposed on a black-and-white base image, also captured by Hubble. The composited image was used in studies mainly focused on better understanding the nebula’s structure and environment.

Hubble image of supernova remnant DEM L 190, released in July of 2003.

Credit: NASA/ESA and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)
Acknowledgment: Y.-H. Chu (UIUC), S. Kulkarni (Caltech), and R. Rothschild (UCSD)

N49 has at least 26 other identifiers across different catalogues. The most common byname in the press is DEM L 190. The remnant has been imaged by notables like ROSAT, Chandra, and Spitzer, and was even mentioned in Chapter 9 of the companion book to Carl Sagan’s Cosmos.

The remnant’s intrigue comes not just from its brightness and powerful EM bursts, but also its asymmetry. Think of the stunning Ring Nebula, the Cat’s Eye, or the Lion Nebula. Each of these monuments to the awesome beauty of the cosmos was created by the same basic process as N49. An observer of most planetary nebulae could be forgiven for entertaining the thought of a cosmic watchmaker.

By comparison N49 looks like that watchmaker tried to flip an omelet and really messed up. Pinning down why and how the occasional stellar remnant gets so messy will help us understand stellar life cycles more completely.

Composite image of DEM L 190, released in November of 2006. Optical data from Hubble was overlaid with X-ray data from the Chandra Observatory in blue and infrared data from the Spitzer Space Telescope in red. The result suggests a dense region in the Interstellar Medium around N49 may have contributed to the uneven expansion of the planetary nebula.

Credit:
X-ray: NASA/CXC/Caltech/S.Kulkarni et al.
Optical: NASA/STScI/UIUC/Y.H.Chu & R.Williams et al.
IR: NASA/JPL-Caltech/R.Gehrz et al.

Composite image of DEM L 190, released in May of 2010. Optical data from Hubble was overlaid with X-ray data from the Chandra Observatory in blue. The magnetar can be seen as a blue-white light source in the upper-middle of the image. The result shows a “bullet” in the lower-right corned and a “bullet candidate” opposite, suggesting that the supernova itself may have been asymmetrical.

Credit:
X-ray: NASA/CXC/Penn State/S.Park et al.
Optical: NASA/STScI/UIUC/Y.H.Chu & R.Williams et al.

Synthesis

As imaging technology improves, from time to time the ESA/Hubble team revisits targets. For example, back in 2003 data from two UV filters centered at 300nm & 380nm were captured at the same time as the others but were not included in the original composite. For the 2022 image they were added in, and luminosity was depicted using red light instead of white, in part to give background stars a more natural-looking color.

The past nineteen years have also seen great strides in noise reduction and data stretching algorithms, which when applied to the updated image reveal an unprecedented level of detail. Fun fact, technically none of this improves the image’s resolution, which is limited by WFPC2’s performance back in the day. But that’s just a technicality – there’s no arguing the new 2022 image shows significantly more detail.

What will this new photo reveal to discerning eyes? That’s the fun part. Maybe the more detailed filaments will help astronomers better model especially violent stellar deaths. In a few years this photo may help answer questions we don’t even have yet.

For More Information:

ESA’s page on Revisiting a celestial fireworks display
NASA | ESA Hubble’s page on Revisiting a Celestial Fireworks Display (Colours & filters on the bottom-right of the page)
Up your work chat game with NASA | ESA Hubble on Giphy

07-12-2022 om 23:21 geschreven door peter

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FBI Documents Admit Existence of Aliens & UFO's - The UFO-Alien Occult New Age Great Deception

The Dan Bidondi Show – Spiritual Warfare The UFO-Alien Occult New Age Great Deception
FBI Documents Admit Existence of Aliens & UFO’s

Hosts Dan Bidondi & Brian Reece bring you the latest updates on the U.S. Government’s UFO reports and how the New Age occultic agenda will be pushed to bring about the great deception the Bible prophesied about.

07-12-2022 om 22:45 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:UFOs , UAPs , USOS

Unprecedented astronomical events and aliens visit Earth in 2023

Whether you believe in predictions or not, Baba Vanga's predictions are well known for their accuracy. About 80% of Vanga's predictions turned out to be accurate.

Vangeliya Pandeva Gushterova, (1911-1996) commonly known as Baba Vanga, was a Bulgarian mystic and herbalist. Blind since early childhood, Baba Vanga spent most of her life in the Rupite area of the Kozhuh mountains in Bulgaria.

According to her own testimony, a turning point in her life, at the ages of 12, occurred when a 'tornado' allegedly lifted her into the air and threw her into a nearby field. She was found after a long search. Witnesses described her as very frightened, and her eyes were covered with sand and dust; she was unable to open them because of the pain. There was money only for a partial operation to heal the injuries she had sustained. This resulted in a gradual loss of sight.

According to Baba Vanga's predictions, this is going to happen in 2023 and it doesn't look good.

A big astronomical event will occur as Earth's orbit will change. As a result of this event, it could have catastrophic consequences on Earth.

She also claimed that the Earth will be hit by an unprecedented solar storm on a scale the world has never before seen.

Next; aliens are about to visit planet Earth in 2023 and if that is going to happen then we could find ourselves 'covered in darkness' and millions would die, according to Baba Vanga.

Besides astronomical events and aliens who are going to visit us, she also claimed that in 2023 we would see a nuclear power plant explosion and a 'big country' will will carry out bioweapons research on people. The result of such research will cause the death of thousands of people, also the concept of humans (lab babies) will grow in labs could become a reality.

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

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Categorie:MYSTERIES ( Fr, Nl, E)

Orbs in triangle formation in the sky above Reno, Nevada 6-Dec-2022

This triangular formation was seen and recorded over Reno, a city in the northwest section of the U.S. state of Nevada, along the Nevada-California border. This happened on 6th December 2022.

Witness report:

Last night on 12/6/22 at 8:48 PM, we were driving off of McCaran by Easy Mile gas station and witnessed 3 floating orbs that were glowing and floating in the sky. They moved in unison with one another and were floating together. After 3 minutes two of the lights disappeared in front of me and then the third one followed about 1 minutes later.

07-12-2022 om 20:59 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Bright UFO making fast movements over Marion, IL 1-Dec-2022

This UFO video was filmed over Marion, Illinois on December 1st this year. Witness filmed a huge and bright object making fast and impressive movements in the sky.

07-12-2022 om 20:53 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

Voyager 1 Detects Mysterious Sound As It Approaches Alien Star

The classic 1979 sci-fi horror film 'Alien' was advertised with the memorable tagline, space no can hear you scream. But, it did not say anything about humming.

Instruments aboard NASA's Voyager 1 spacecraft, which ten years ago exited our solar system outer reaches, have detected a faint monotonous hum. What is causing this cosmic hum?

#voyager1 #space #alien

RELATED

The Different Types Of UFO You Should Know About | Unveiled

In this video, Unveiled takes a closer look at the different types of UFO you should know about! In recent times, UFOs have been on the rise... and now even the world's governments are taking them very seriously! But not all UFO cases are the same, so here's all you need to know!

0:00 Into

0:29 Floating Orbs

2:21 Flying Pyramids

3:52 UFO Cubes

5:15 Other UFO Types

6:56 Conclusions

Gamma-ray burst from kilonova explosion detected

A long gamma-ray burst (GRB) detected using the twin Gemini Telescopes originated from a kilonova explosion triggered by a neutron star merger.

Full Story: https://www.space.com/gamma-ray-burst..

Credit: NOIRLab

China Just Shocked the Scientists of America! Nobody Would Have Expected That!

The compass, gunpowder, paper production and book printing: just a quick look at the great inventions of the ancient Chinese shows how much we still draw on the milestones of days long past. Today, however, we would like to put these remarkable achievements aside and turn our attention to the Great Wall of China - but not to the monumental protective structure you are thinking of now. Rather, we mean China's Green Wall, the project that aims to declare war on desertification! But how is it even possible to turn a bone-dry desert into a blooming oasis? What are the obstacles to be overcome and what amazing achievements have already been made? Stay tuned and see for yourself how China wants to bring the hot desert to its knees!

#TheUnknownList

RELATED

Mars helicopter Ingenuity soars on its highest flight yet

The Mars helicopter Ingenuity flew to an altitude of 14 meters (~46 feet) on Dec. 3, 2022. It broke its previous record of 12 meters (~39 feet) that was originally set in July 2021 and flown again in 2 subsequent flights.

Credit: Space.com | footage and graphics: NASA/JPL-Caltech | edited by [Steve Spaleta](https://twitter.com/stevespaleta)

07-12-2022 om 20:47 geschreven door peter

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Humanoid Skull Like No Other

Starchild

It was back in the 1930s when an American teenager discovered an abandoned mine tunnel in Mexico’s Copper Canyon region. Inside it she found a human skeleton and, clutching onto its arm, was the hand bone of another skeleton buried mostly under the earth. It was described as being small and misshapen. The teenager returned to the site the following day only to find that a flash flood had washed most of the bones away. Nevertheless, the upper section of the skull of the buried skeleton, along with a small piece of the upper jaw bone remained. The significance of the so-called Starchild Skull remained unrealized for nearly 70 years.

The Starchild Skull was first discovered in Mexico. (Fair use)

The Starchild Skull was first discovered in Mexico.

( Fair use )

Initial Research into the Starchild Skull

In 1999, the highly unusual skull, which has been dated at 900 years old, was handed to author and researcher Lloyd Pye to investigate after health professionals failed to identify a condition that could explain its appearance. The skull became known as the Starchild Skull, and between 1999 and 2013 Lloyd enlisted the help of numerous experts and independent medical and scientific institutions across three countries (USA, Canada, and the United Kingdom) to conduct extensive research and testing.

One of the major contributors to the research project was Dr. Ted Robinson, who had a background in medicine and plastic surgery and specialized knowledge of cranial surgery and cranial anatomy. Robinson studied the skull for a period of two years and involved specialists in the disciplines of radiology, ophthalmic surgery, oral surgery, craniofacial surgery, neurology and pediatric neurosurgery. The report Robinson prepared was astounding.

Firstly, Robinson’s expertise in cranial deformities enabled him to rule out all the human deformities he knew of that could account for the skull’s appearance. None of the other specialists were able to find any deformity, illness or cultural practice that could account for the misshapen head.

Secondly, Robinson reported that the bone of the skull is much thinner, lighter, and stronger than regular human bone. Analysis concluded that the Starchild Skull contains unusual reinforcing fibers, the brain is 30% larger than a normal human of its size, the frontal sinuses are absent, the eye sockets are shallow, and the entire skull has over 10 standard deviations from the human norm. This is a highly unusual statistic.

Artists depiction of how the child would have looked, after analysis of the Starchild Skull. (tonio48 / Deviant Art)

Artists depiction of how the child would have looked, after analysis of the Starchild Skull.

(tonio48 / Deviant Art )

DNA Testing of the Starchild Skull

Robinson wrote: "One can only reasonably conclude from these statistical studies that the Starchild skull is distinctly different from human," wrote Robinson. Nevertheless, the medical reports and investigations were not enough to convince mainstream scientists that the Starchild Skull was definitely not human. Instead, they explained away the abnormalities with the claim that “nature can do anything.”

The scientists running the Starchild Project knew that the only definitive way of proving that the skull was not human was through DNA testing . So they waited nearly a decade while the technology for recovering and sequencing ancient DNA, such as the 900-year-old Starchild's, could be perfected.

In 2010, the Starchild Project secured access to a highly sophisticated DNA lab capable of recovering non-human DNA. Preliminary DNA testing found that a significant percentage of the DNA in the skull is not human. If verified, this finding would indicate that the skull belongs to a new species.

In 2012, a geneticist was able to secure a fragment of gene from the 5% of human nuclear DNA that code for proteins and which is a highly functional “master gene”, one of the most vitally important genes in the body of any species on Earth. It is known as the FOXP2 gene. Analysis was carried out on this gene, the full report of which can be read here, and the results were again startling.

Ribbon diagram of forkhead box P2 (FOXP2). (Swiss-Model / CC BY-SA 4.0)

Ribbon diagram of forkhead box P2 (FOXP2).

(Swiss-Model / CC BY-SA 4.0 )

Understanding the FOXP2 Master Gene

The FOXP2 gene in normal humans is 2,594 base pairs long and contains no variations. In mammals and other "higher" species, any single flaw in FOXP2, any isolated mutation or variation, can cause a severe negative impact in some of the most important aspects of development and will normally lead to death.

While a tiny amount of survivable mutations are possible in FOXP2, every one that occurs presents debilitating or life-threatening consequences, so up to this point in time none have been passed on to the general population of humans. This means in the vast, vast majority of humans, the FOXP2 master gene is absolutely identical.

The fragment of gene that was recovered from the skull and analyzed is 211 base pairs long (out of 2,594 base pairs). Now comes the incredible result of the analysis. While all normal humans have the exact same base pairs, the Starchild’s gene contained a total of 56 variations within the fragment! To understand the significance, in a rhesus monkey only 2 of its 211 base pairs would contain variation from humans. If it were a mouse, it would be 20. If a dog, 27.

To put this in perspective, let's imagine that when alive, the Starchild was indeed some unknown humanoid. No matter how different from humans it might have been, to be in the humanoid family its FOXP2 gene would have to be in the range of 1 or 2, or at most 3, base pair variations from a normal human. To go past 5 or 10 would put it into another class of species. To have 56 is to put it in another realm, another dimension entirely. It is utterly unique.

These amazing findings are the result of only a partial analysis of the DNA from the Starchild Skull. In 2013 the Starchild Project was registered as a company in order to raise the necessary funds to undertake a complete DNA test , which will determine once and for all the true nature of this most unusual species.

Illustration of an alien extraterrestrial. (Sasa Kadrijevic / Adobe Stock)

Illustration of an alien extraterrestrial.

( Sasa Kadrijevic / Adobe Stock)

Mainstream Rejection of Lloyd Pye and his Starchild Skull

According to the HuffPost, in a 2013 article about Lloyd Pye and his work related to the Starchild Skull, “it takes some cojones to take a stand on the existence of aliens.” Nevertheless, mainstream science continues to argue that the skull belongs to that of a human child with congenital hydrocephalus, fobbing off alien arguments as pseudoscience.

“Lloyd Pye spoke often of the bias and fear that is built into the culture of mainstream science and academia, and it is probably that same sentiment that prompts skeptics to jump in with a negative opinion on the Starchild Skull before they have all the facts,” explains the Starchild Project website. Dealing with these subjects automatically attracts criticism, but members of the project call for us to listen to their scientific explanations keeping an open mind.

Top image: Starchild Skull vs average human skull.
Source: Fair use

By April Holloway

{ https://www.ancientoriginsunleashed.com/ }

07-12-2022 om 01:24 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )

Live the Legend: 8 Mythical Places That Actually Exist

Visiting mythical places, like the Giant’s Causeway in Northern Ireland pictured, helps us connect with our past, as well as nature. Source: drimafilm / Adobe Stock

Live the Legend: 8 Mythical Places That Actually Exist

When it comes to ancient mythology it can sometimes be difficult to separate fact from fiction. While most myths are obviously fictional, they often contain at least a grain of truth. The ancients had to get their inspiration from somewhere. For example, the locations of some of the most popular myths are based on or set in real places. Here we have a list of mythical places that actually exist.

1. Mount Olympus: Home of the Greek Pantheon

Anyone with even a passing knowledge of Greek mythology will be familiar with Mount Olympus. In ancient Greek religion, it served as the home of the twelve Olympians, the religion’s major deities.

Olympus was described in Homer’s Iliad as essentially being an ancient acropolis, a fortified hilltop palace complex. The palace consisted of golden gates guarded by the three Horai (goddesses of the seasons) and palaces for each of the Olympians (Zeus’s being the grandest, of course).

The mythical palace of the Greek gods was said to be on top of Mount Olympus in Greece (Max79im / Adobe Stock)

The mythical palace of the Greek gods was said to be on top of Mount Olympus in Greece

( Max79im / Adobe Stock)

In the real world, Olympus is the highest mountain in Greece. The mountain has 52 peaks and deep gorges with Mytikas peak supposedly acting as the home of the gods. The area surrounding the mountain has been declared an archaeological and historical site for the preservation of its monumental and historical character, found in numerous excavation sites.

The Greeks had a tendency to point at tall mountains and call them Olympus. While Mount Olympus in Greece is usually the one most associated with the ancient gods, other peaks named Olympus can be found all over the continent. Greece alone has four peaks called Olympus; Turkey has three, and Cyprus has one.

So really, Mount Olympus could count as all eight entries on this list (and that’s not even counting the 9 Mount Olympus peaks in North America or the one on Mars)!

With its majestic appearance reaching into the clouds, it’s no wonder ancient Greeks placed their deities on Mount Olympus (dinosmichail / Adobe Stock)

With its majestic appearance reaching into the clouds, it’s no wonder ancient Greeks placed their deities on Mount Olympus

( dinosmichail / Adobe Stock)

2. Sherwood Forest: Home of Robin Hood and His Merry Men

Thanks to various Hollywood adaptations, people from all over the world today are familiar with the legend of Robin Hood. Robin Hood is a heroic outlaw in English folklore. He was a skilled archer and swordsman, and most tales surrounding him feature him stealing from the rich to give to the poor. In most modern retellings, he is depicted as being of noble birth and having fought in the Crusades.

There is still a debate over whether Robin existed, and what the origins of his legends were. The myths make constant references to real historical figures dating back to the 13th Century AD. There are legal records dating back to 1226 that mention a man named Robert Hod who had his possessions confiscated and became an outlaw. It has also been suggested that the name Robin Hood was a moniker adopted by a group of bandits.

The myths of Robin Hood usually name his base of operations as Sherwood Forest in Nottingham, England. This is most definitely a real place. It is a National Nature Reserve covering 926 acres (375 hectares) but once covered an area of over 100,000 acres (40,000 hectares). The local municipality has done an excellent job over the years of fostering the forest's connection to the popular man of legend. As such, today the area is full of Robin Hood-themed tourist attractions.

Although the existence of Robin Hood is still debated, Sherwood Forest and Nottingham Castle are mythical places you can actually visit in England. (Nilfanion / CC BY SA 4.0)

Although the existence of Robin Hood is still debated, Sherwood Forest and Nottingham Castle are mythical places you can actually visit in England.

(Nilfanion / CC BY SA 4.0 )

3. Troy: Site of Ancient Greece’s Greatest Battle

The fall of Troy is one of the cornerstones of Greek mythology. In Greek literature, Troy was one of the most powerful kingdoms during the Greek Heroic Age, a period when gods and monsters roamed the earth.

In mythology, the Trojan War began when the city’s prince, Paris, abducted and/or eloped with Helen. Helen was said to be ancient Greece’s greatest beauty, who was married to King Menelaus of Sparta. Menelaus convinced all the great Greek leaders, who were bound by a special oath, to attack the city of Troy .

What followed was the greatest battle of Greek mythology. The Trojan War ended when the Greeks tricked their way into the mighty city by hiding in a great wooden horse they had given to the Trojans as a supposed peace offering.

The Trojan War has been depicted in numerous works of literature and art. View of Burning Troy, 18th century painting by Johann Georg Trautmann (Public Domain)

The Trojan War has been depicted in numerous works of literature and art. View of Burning Troy, 18th century painting by Johann Georg Trautmann

( Public Domain )

In actual history, Troy was a real city in the region of Asia Minor which is modern-day Turkey. Until the late 19th century, Troy and the Trojan War were considered a legend. However, excavations in 1871 found ruins that closely matched depictions of the ancient city in myths.

The archaeological site at Troy consists of 9 layers dating back to the Early Bronze Age (3000-2500 BC) up to the Byzantine era (around 300 AD). It is believed the city of legend relates to one of the late Bronze Age levels.

Today, the site is easy to visit and is a popular tourist attraction as well as a UNESCO World Heritage Site . While we know for sure that Troy existed, the delineations between legend and fact are still being looked into.

For centuries, the city of Troy was believed to be a myth. However, excavations in the Canakkale province of Turkey have unearthed a multi-layered city matching Homer’s descriptions dating back to 3500 BC. (Allison Day / CC BY ND 2.0)

(Allison Day / CC BY ND 2.0 )

4. King Arthur’s Camelot

Camelot is another English legend that has seen modern popularity thanks to a glut of Hollywood adaptations. The legend of King Arthur centers on King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table .

King Arthur was said to have been early England's greatest king, and his capital city was Camelot. He and his knights were the epitome of chivalric duty. The most popular tales feature Arthur’s betrayal at the hands of his favorite knight, Sir Lancelot, and his Queen, Guinevere.

Over the centuries, historians have attempted to find out if there is any veracity to the Arthurian legends. Was Arthur based on a real king? Was Camelot real? There have been mixed results.

In 1542, the poet John Leland stated that the residents around Cadbury Castle, a Bronze and Iron Age hillfort in Somerset, believed it to be the original Camelot. This theory was bolstered by the fact the castle is close to the River Cam and the villages of Queen Cam and West Camel. Clearly, the thinking was that these place names had to be related to Camelot.

To dig down to the truth, there were large-scale archaeological excavations during the 20th century. These showed that the area had been a settlement since the 4th millennium BC. They also showed that around 470 AD a major Brittonic ruler and his war band had moved into the area and heavily fortified it. This was the largest known fortification of its time.

After these discoveries, Cadbury Castle was widely referred to as ‘the real Camelot’. Many historians disagree, however; these spoilsports point out that the site was built too late to be the Camelot of Arthurian legend.

All hope is not lost, however. Other sites in Cornwall and Shropshire, as well as Huddersfield, have also made claims that they are the original Camelot. It seems that as long as no definitive answer is found, there are lots of options left for people hoping to visit the ‘real’ Camelot.

Cadbury Castle in Somerset has been suggested as a location for the mythical Camelot since the 1700s. This 1723 hand-colored engraving is titled "Prospect of Camalet Castle. 15 Aug 1723." (Public Domain)

Cadbury Castle in Somerset has been suggested as a location for the mythical Camelot since the 1700s. This 1723 hand-colored engraving is titled "Prospect of Camalet Castle. 15 Aug 1723."

( Public Domain )

5. Cyclopean Isles: Home to the Cyclops of Greek Mythology

One of the Greek leaders who played a key role in the fall of Troy was Odysseus. He was the hero who came up with the idea of using a hollow wooden horse to sneak the Greek troops into the city.

Odysseus is most famous, however, for his own set of myths that appear in Homer’s Odyssey. These myths tell the amazing story of how Odysseus and his brave men sailed back to Ithaca, Odysseus’s home kingdom. Odysseus faced many trials on his way home, but one of the most dangerous was the island of the cyclops. Early on in his journey, Odysseus and twelve of his men landed on an island where everything was bigger than usual. They come across a cave that was empty except for some simple shepherd’s belongings. They decided to slaughter one of the giant lambs on the island and enjoy a hearty meal.

When the shepherd returned, it was none other than the mighty cyclops Polyphemus, who was also a son of Neptune. Polyphemus immediately gobbled up two of Odysseus’s men before placing a boulder in the cave's doorway, trapping Odysseus and his men. Odysseus and his men waited until the cyclops was asleep and then blinded him using a sharpened log.

Statue depicting The Blinding of Polyphemus (Carole Raddato / CC BY SA 2.0)

Statue depicting The Blinding of Polyphemus

(Carole Raddato / CC BY SA 2.0 )

In a rage, Polyphemus cleared the entrance to the cave, searching for Odysseus and his men. Realizing his attackers had fled to the sea, Polyphemus began flinging rocks into the ocean in a vain attempt to crush them.

These rocks can be seen to this day just off the eastern coast of Sicily at the Riviera of the Cyclops. This is a stretch of rocky islands along the coast that features incredible rocky cliff faces. These islands in ancient Greece were said to have been home to Polyphemus and his kin. These days the area is home to beautiful seaside towns, citrus orchards, and amazing views of Mount Etna. Luckily, the Cyclops population appears to have died out.

Panorama of the Cyclopean isles in Aci Trezza. With no cyclops in sight, it’s all sun and fun on the coast of Sicily. (Albert Izeme / CC BY NC ND 2.0)

Panorama of the Cyclopean isles in Aci Trezza. With no cyclops in sight, it’s all sun and fun on the coast of Sicily.

(Albert Izeme / CC BY NC ND 2.0 )

6. El Dorado: the Mythical City of Gold

The legend of El Dorado is a tragic tale of human greed. It is also a confusing one. El Dorado was originally used by the Spanish in the 16th Century to refer to a mythical tribal chief. It was said this chief covered himself in gold and jewels and was then submerged in Lake Guatavita.

The 16th-century Spanish began to fixate on the idea of El Dorado; they couldn’t get enough gold. Through word of mouth, the legend evolved and was exaggerated from a man covered in gold, into a city, and eventually an empire covered in gold.

The Spanish conquistadors turned Columbia, Venezuela, Guyana, and Brazil upside down looking for the golden empire they had convinced themselves existed. In doing so, they wiped out countless indigenous tribes. Unsurprisingly, they never came across the mythical city.

However, this doesn’t mean there was no truth to the original legend. Historical texts do point toward an Incan tribe who lived near Lake Guatavita in modern-day Columbia. They did in fact have a ritual during which leaders would drop jewels, gold, and treasures into the lake.

The ruler of the Musica in present-day Colombia used to cover his body in gold dust and offer treasures to the Guatavita goddess from a raft in the middle of the sacred lake. This Muisca tradition became the origin of the legend of El Dorado. Muisca raft from 1500-1200 BC in the Gold Museum, Bogotá, Colombia (World 66 / CC BY SA 1.0)

(World 66 / CC BY SA 1.0 )

While anyone looking for the mythical city of gold is out of luck, this lake can be visited today. It is a stunningly beautiful tourist location. Sadly there is no gold to be found.

Although there is no city of gold, the countryside around Laguna Guatavita in Colombia is a relaxing place to visit and explore (Wladimir Valdes / CC BY SA 2.0)

Although there is no city of gold, the countryside around Laguna Guatavita in Colombia is a relaxing place to visit and explore

(Wladimir Valdes / CC BY SA 2.0 )

7. Matsue: The Closed Entrance to the Underworld

Today, Japan is considered to be a Buddhist country, but Japan has a wealth of traditions and mythology that pre-date Buddhist teachings. One of these is the story of Yomi No Kune, part of an early Asian creation myth.

According to this myth, there were two early gods who were responsible for all creation. They were Izanagi and his sister-wife Izanami. According to the myth, Izanami died giving birth to the element fire. Izanagi, distraught in his grief, went on a journey to the underworld to retrieve her soul.

He discovered a dark and gloomy place where souls who were trapped in their bodies reside. Izanagi found his wife, but was told that during their journey back to the surface he must not look at her. Unfortunately, just as he approached the surface, he caught a glimpse of his rotting sister-bride behind him.

Izanami was outraged and sent demons chasing after her brother, trying to trap him in the underworld. Izanagi managed to escape and seal the entrance to the underworld, called Yomi No Kune, with a giant rock.

The legend finishes with the enraged Izanami promising to drag 1,000 souls into the underworld every day. Izanagi countered by promising to create 1,005 new ones.

18th century painting of the Shinto deities Izanagi and Izanami (Public Domain)

18th century painting of the Shinto deities Izanagi and Izanami

( Public Domain )

The rock Izanagi placed to block Yomi No Kune is said to still exist to this day. It can be found in the Matsue area of Japan. The entrance to Yomi No Kune is called Yomotsu Hirasaka, and the boulder blocking it can be found behind the Iya shrine in Matsue. No one knows for sure which boulder in the area blocks the entrance, which is probably for the best. Visitors can also visit Izanami’s grave and shrine.

Yomotsu Hirasaka is the slope that leads to Yomi, the Japanese underworld. (ChiefHira / CC BY SA 3.0)

Yomotsu Hirasaka is the slope that leads to Yomi, the Japanese underworld.

(ChiefHira / CC BY SA 3.0 )

8. The Giant’s Causeway: Built by Anger, Destroyed by Fear

The Giant’s Causeway can be found in County Antrim in Northern Ireland. It is made up of over 40,000 interlocking basalt columns which, according to scientists, were the result of an ancient volcanic eruption. Collectively, the columns takes the appearance of steps leading from the cliff foot to under the waves.

Science is boring though. Local legends state that the basalt columns are the remnants of a causeway built by an ancient giant. The giant, Fionn mac Cumhaill, was challenged to a fight by a rival Scottish giant, Benandonner.

Eager to fight, Fionn built the causeway to cross the North Channel that separates Ireland and Scotland. Fionn then ended up hiding from Benandonner, after realizing his rival was much bigger than him. Fionn’s wife, Sadhbh, then disguised him as a baby and tucked him into a cradle.

When Benandonner saw this gigantic man-baby he panicked, thinking the child’s father must be truly gigantic. He fled across the Giant’s Causeway back to Scotland, destroying it as he went.

According to myth, the Giant’s Causeway in Northern Ireland was created by the giant Benandonner destroying his steps as he fled back to Scotland (Hans Hilliwaert / CC BY NC ND 2.0)

According to myth, the Giant’s Causeway in Northern Ireland was created by the giant Benandonner destroying his steps as he fled back to Scotland

(Hans Hilliwaert / CC BY NC ND 2.0 )

Conclusion

Many places in the world have inspired myths. Visiting these places gives us a look into the lives and beliefs of those who came before us. It may be a little disappointing to find them devoid of the kinds of magical beasts and treasures our ancestors believed they housed, but these places have lost none of their magic.

Today, most of these places are UNESCO World Heritage Sites or enjoy similar levels of protection. People for generations will continue to be able to read these myths and visit these amazing places, sharing in their magic. Maybe one day our ancestors will look at the tales we tell today and search for our inspiration.

Top Image: Visiting mythical places, like the Giant’s Causeway in Northern Ireland pictured, helps us connect with our past, as well as nature.
Source: drimafilm / Adobe Stock

By Robbie Mitchell

07-12-2022 om 00:36 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ARCHEOLOGIE ( E, Nl, Fr )

06-12-2022

Evidence of a Megatsunami on Mars

Mars panorama

Mars panorama of an plain scoured by an ancient megatsunami. The image comes from Viking 1.

Courtesy NASA.

Evidence of a Megatsunami on Mars

Things were pretty wet back on Mars about three and a half billion years ago. You wouldn’t know that by looking at the planet today. But, would you believe a megatsunami happened there? It turns out that not one, but two of these rogue waves happened there some 3.4 billion years ago.

They occurred on the very spot where the Viking Lander settled down in 1976. Today, scientists know about these catastrophic floods, thanks to a re-examination of images of rock-strewn Chryse Planitia that Viking sent back.

NASA’s Viking 1 lander’s first image of its site in Chryse Planitia in 1976. New research says an ancient megatsunami swept through here. Image

Credit: NASA/JPL

Planetary Science Institute scientist Alexis Rodriguez studied the region in detail to figure out what happened to the region. It turns out that Viking’s landing spot contains deposits of material left by a pair of catastrophic floods. The second of these swept across the Martian landscape right after a three-kilometer-wide asteroid smacked into a Martian ocean. The fact that water once existed where Chryse Planitia is today isn’t a surprise. After all, that’s why Viking went there. But, figuring out how such a flood happened took a little detective work.

From orbital images available at the time, the Viking scientists selected the landing site because it looked like water once flowed there. “The lander was designed to seek evidence of extant life on the Martian surface, so to select a suitable landing site, the engineers and scientists at the time faced the arduous task of using some of the planet’s earliest acquired images, accompanied by Earth-based radar probing of the planet’s surface,” said Rodriguez, lead author of Evidence of an oceanic impact and megatsunami sedimentation in Chryse Planitia, Mars in Nature Scientific Reports. “In addition to meeting tight engineering constraints on the spacecraft’s orbital and descent paths, the landing site selection needed to fulfill a critical requirement—the presence of extensive evidence of former surface water.”

What Happened to Create a Megatsunami on Mars?

At first glance, Chryse Planitia looks dry, dusty, and rocky. But, it has all the hallmarks of rapidly flowing water. When water rushes across a landscape, it carries along rocks, sand, silt, and whatever else gets in the way. The same thing happened on Mars. Viking actually touched down on the lower edge of a flow feature called a fluvial channel. Chryse Planitia itself is a roughly circular plain north of the Martian equator. However, once Viking got on the ground, scientists noticed how boulder-strewn the region is. They decided that the area was a thick deposit either from multiple impacts or fractured lavas. The whole thing remained a mystery until Rodriguez started looking at the images and data again. His idea invokes more than one episode of catastrophic flooding.

In an earlier paper, he suggested that 3.4 billion years ago, there were two Martian megatsunamis. They smacked into the ancient ocean, sending huge waves across the Martian landscape. Between them, the ocean receded quite a bit and the climate became much colder. Rodriguez also identified a possible marine impact crater—Pohl crater—which likely generated the second of these two megatsunamis.

“Pohl is outstanding in several respects; it is atop immense fluvial landscapes formed by ocean-generating floods, and it is partly covered by the second megatsunami. Hence, we know that it must have formed after the ocean’s generation and before its disappearance,” said Anthony Lopez, a geosciences undergraduate student at Pima Community College and an intern working with Rodriguez.

A Map View of the Mars Megatsunami

(a) South-looking perspective view, showing where Mars’ most enormous outflow channels transition into the planet’s northern plains. Catastrophic floods likely formed these channels and a northern ocean approximately 3.4 billion years ago. The formation of Pohl crater (identified) likely generated the older megatsunami deposits. Credit: MOLA Science Team/MSS/JPL/NASA/Google Earth/PSI.
(b) Close-up view showing the superposition of Pohl (red triangle) on outflow channel-excavated bedforms, indicating that its formation happened after the ocean-generating floods. Credit: MOLA Science Team/MSS/JPL/ NASA.
(c) Close-up view of Pohl showing that Pohl is covered by the younger of two previously proposed megatsunami deposits, indicating that the crater’s formation pre-dated the ocean’s disappearance. The blue line traces the front of the younger megatsunami deposit.

Credit: Christensen et al. (2006).

Simulating and Mapping the Catastrophe

To get a better idea of what happened, Rodriguez and his team used a variety of mosaic images from Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, Mars Odyssey, Mars Orbiter, and Mars Global Surveyor missions to produce detailed maps of the region. They mapped the distribution of water-related features within Chryse Planitia. Then, they searched for a relevant impact site—which turned out to be Pohl Crater. It wasn’t the first impact to smack into the region, but it created the fluvial plain the Viking lander studied. That second impact landed in the ocean. At that point, the ocean waters flowed catastrophically over the region. The flooding obliterated previous flow channels and created the deposits that Viking 1 landed on billions of years later.

The team also simulated the impact to understand the extent of its influence. “The simulated run-up extents of Pohl’s impact-generated megatsunami accurately reproduce the previously mapped margins of the older megatsunami, providing further robust support to the megatsunami – and hence ocean – hypothesis and this crater’s interpretation as its source,” said co-author Darrel Robertson of NASA’s Ames Research Center.

“The simulation clearly shows that the megatsunami was enormous, with an initial height of approximately 250 meters, and highly turbulent. Furthermore, our modeling also shows some radically different behavior of the megatsunami to what we are accustomed to imagining. Notably, the seismic shaking associated with the impact would have been so intense that it could have dislodged sea floor materials into the megatsunami, densifying some wave fronts into run-up debris flows.”

It appears that the megatsunami reached the Viking 1 lander site and could well have affected Pathfinder’s landing site, about 850 kilometers away. Ultimately, it may have helped create a new inland sea in the region.

Implications for Ancient Life?

While this study doesn’t prove anything about life on ancient Mars, it certainly reveals environments where it could have existed. “The ocean is thought to have been groundwater-fed from aquifers that likely formed much earlier in Martian history—over 3.7 billion years ago—when the planet was “Earth-like” with rivers, lakes, seas, and a primordial ocean,” said Rodriguez. “Consequently, the ocean’s habitability could have been inherited from that Earth-like Mars; the development of transient habitability is not sufficient; we need sustained continuity. So, the Viking 1 lander site was well suited to carry out the life detection experiment.”

With Viking and Pathfinder both in Chryse Planitia, it could well be that NASA’s probes have already sampled a couple of diverse marine environments on Mars. The next steps now are to see if Pohl could be a good landing site for further studies. Could it have been habitable? What will the geologic record tell us about the ancient ocean’s chemistry? Rodriguez says the science merits a second look, now that we know what happened there.

“Right after its formation, the crater would have generated submarine hydrothermal systems lasting tens of thousands of years, providing energy and nutrient-rich environments. As for specific targets, we find numerous possible mud volcanoes over areas of the second megatsunami covering and surrounding Pohl. Our observations suggest that these features extruded regionally megatsunami-retained seawater and marine sediments during extended geologic times. Sampling these materials would maximize the odds of directly probing the habitability of this Mars early ocean,” he said. “Our future characterizations will seek to identify a relatively small site offering access to the entire marine record. Such a terrain would merit a rover’s visit.”

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06-12-2022 om 23:37 geschreven door peter

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Mars at Opposition 2022: The Full Moon Occults Mars Wednesday Night

A rare event transpires Wednesday night, as the Full Moon occults Mars near opposition.

Have you checked out Mars lately? The Red Planet currently rides high to the east at dusk, rising as the Sun sets. We call this opposition season, the biannual span when Mars passes closest to the Earth and offers observers optimal views of the planet. Mars opposition 2022 is special however, as three events converge in one night: Mars at opposition, the Moon reaches Full, and the Moon occults (passes in front of) Mars, all on the evening/morning of Wednesday/Thursday, December 7th/8th.

Celestial Dates with Destiny

You can see how the action around Mars stacks up in the first week of December:

1st- Mars passes nearest Earth (2:00 Universal Time/UT)

8th-Full Moon (4:00 UT)

8th-Mars Lunar Occultation (4:00 UT)

8th-Mars at Opposition (5:00 UT)

Note that Mars is closest to the Earth a week prior to opposition. This occurs for two reasons: while the Earth is moving towards perihelion in January (that is, we’re moving towards the Sun in December, but away from Mars), the Red Planet is doing the opposite, headed towards aphelion on May 30, 2023, just under six months after this week’s opposition. This makes up for the 900,000-odd kilometer difference as Mars is 0.55 Astronomical Units (AU, or 81.5 million kilometers) from Earth on the 1^st, but sits 82.4 million kilometers from Earth at opposition.

Mars

Mars from November 21st as it nears opposition.

Image credit and copyright: Damian Peach.

In fact, we’re currently trending towards a cycle of unfavorable oppositions for Mars now, which will bottom out in February 2027 when Mars only reaches an apparent diameter of 13.8” as seen from the Earth. After 2027, Mars oppositions will slowly start to become more favorable again.

No Missions to Mars

Unfortunately, this Mars launch window also marks a sad milestone: for the first time since 2009, no mission will catch the biannual pre-opposition window to head to Mars. The European Space Agency’s ExoMars Rosalind Franklin rover was set to make the trip until Russia invaded Ukraine early this year, forcing ESA to look for another launch carrier and lander. ESA still hopes to get the rover to Mars by 2030.

occultation

The occultation visibility footprint for Wednesday night’s event.

Credit: Occult 4.2.

‘Standing in the Shadow’ as the Moon occults Mars

But it’s Wednesday night’s occultation of Mars by the Full Moon that makes the 2022 opposition special. Opposition and the occultation plus the Full Moon all occur within an hour of each other. This is pretty rare: the near-Full Moon hasn’t occulted a naked eye planet or bright star since July 2019 (Saturn) and won’t do so again until May 24, 2024 (Antares), This is also the last of two occultations of Mars by the Moon for 2022, The Moon will occult Mars five times in 2023, though none are as favorable as the December’s event. The December ‘Long Night’s Moon’ nearest to the southward equinox also rides high in the sky for northern hemisphere observers, another plus.

Dec 6

Tuesday, December 6th at dusk, looking eastward.

Credit: Stellarium.

This is also the closest Mars opposition versus a Full Moon with a lunar occultation for the 21st century. 21^st century occultations of Mars near (less than 24 hours) from Full Moon also occur on December 24, 2007, January 14, 2025, February 5, 2042, May 28, 2048, February 27, 2059, and finally on April 27th 2078, which also features a shallow penumbral lunar eclipse.

The lunar occultation ‘footprint’ for Wednesday night’s occultation spans most of North America and Europe, with only the southeast U.S. missing out. Mars is 17” across during the event, shining at magnitude -1.9. The Moon will take just over a minute to cover Mars during the occultation.

occultation

A sped up view of Wednesday night’s occultation event.

Credit: Stellarium.

When to Watch

Here’s a table for select North American and European cities in the path of the occultation, with ingress/egress times. You can see an extensive list of sites and times here.

City	Ingress	Egress
Detroit	3:20UT/10:20PM EST	4:09UT/11:09PM EST
Dallas	2:54UT/8:54PM CST	3:28UT/9:28PM CST
Los Angeles	2:30UT/6:30PM PST	3:30UT/7:30PM PST
Seattle	2:51UT/6:51PM PST	3:50UT/7:50PM PST
London	5:00UT/5:00AM BST	6:00UT/6:00 AM BST
Helsinki	4:55UT/6:55AM EET	5:39UT/7:39 AM EET

Table credit: Dave Dickinson.

Mars will be bright enough to follow riiiiiight up to the limb of the Full Moon during the event. The occultation occurs in the early morning hours for Europe on Thursday December 8th, and late in the evening of December 7^th for North America. The disappearance of Mars behind the Moon will be visible even to the unaided eye, though binoculars or a small telescope will definitely help you enjoy the view.

Looking back from Mars, you’d be treated to an even stranger view, as the Moon transits the slim crescent Earth, just scant degrees from the Sun.

Moon transit

The Moon transits the Earth Wednesday night, as seen from Mars.

Credit: Starry Night.

The Moon occults Mars: Weather Prospects, Watching Live

As of writing this, weather prospects for the contiguous United States (CONUS) look to favor the central northern states and the U.S. southwest.

Wx prospects

Weather prospects across CONUS for Wednesday night’s occultation.

Credit: NOAA.

Clouded out or simply live outside of the occultation footprint? Astronomer Gianluca Masi has you covered, with a live webcast as the Moon occults Mars, starting at 4:00 UT/11:00 PM EST Wednesday night.

Mars

Mars near the crescent Moon from 2020.

Image credit and copyright: Efrain Morales Rivera.

The Moon Occults Mars: Spotting a ‘Daytime’ Red Planet

Finally… ever seen Mars in the daytime? It’s certainly possible near opposition… and the nearby Full Moon offers an excellent guide to complete this unusual feat of visual athletics. In North America, I’d start looking for Mars near the Moon just before local sunset, while in Europe, your best bet is to follow Mars near the Moon low to the West, after local sunrise.

Good luck, clear skies, and don’t miss this week’s unique, triple play dance of the Moon and Mars.

The post Mars at Opposition 2022: The Full Moon Occults Mars Wednesday Night appeared first on Universe Today.

Source:

https://www.universetoday.com/158344/mars-at-opposition-2022-the-full-moon-occults-mars-wednesday-night/

06-12-2022 om 23:15 geschreven door peter

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UFO Fleet Over Orlando, Florida Nov 20, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Nov 20, 2022

Location of sighting: Orlando, Florida, USA

This is just mind-boggling how this huge ship in the sky behind her a few minutes laters breaks into dozens of huge glowing balls moving in different directions.

An eyewitness described a loud boom noise that was heard across Orlando the day before, saying people said it was some kind of spaceship that had landed secretly after 900 days in space. I believe she is talking about the NASA X-37B mini shuttle craft landing. She describes the environment and notices how everyone ignores the lights in the sky as she records a huge circular UFO in the sky behind here...lights flashing around its edges. I really love how hard she tries to capture the craft or crafts, pulling along side a busy road to record an eyewitness account. I am so appreciative of this. Usually people only film from the cars, but this eyewitness did the correct thing and pull over to get a more steady video.

This giant UFO has similarities to top secret US project Blue Beam, where the US gov would create fake glowing UFOs in the sky over major cities worldwide at the same time in order to unite the world governments and create one government for them all.

This is a great documented sighting that lasted over 19 minutes and is 100% proof that UFOs exist.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

Plz visit "chivonne saywhat" at https://www.youtube.com/@ChivonneSayWhat

06-12-2022 om 22:01 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Underwater object traveling faster than speed of sound almost hit US nuclear submarine!

The disturbing encounter, which reportedly happened in the 1990s, was revealed after a scientist recorded a YouTube video talking about his experience.

According to Bob McGwier, a scientist aboard the USS Hampton, a nuclear submarine was almost hit by an unidentified object as it flew under water at speeds faster than the speed of sound. He said that during the 1990s, the object was sailing at an incredible speed as it passed the submarine.

According to McGwier, he was on the submarine when he heard the strange noises. He said that he couldn’t believe what was happening as the object flew by the submarine at an incredible speed. He described the object as moving so fast that it blew by the submarine.

He noted that a scientist who had knowledge of onboard systems claimed that the object was traveling at a speed faster than the speed of sound. The crew members did not want to report the incident, and they did not want to cause any problems.

RELATED VIDEOS

06-12-2022 om 21:36 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:UFOs , UAPs , USOS

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

Artemis 1 spacecraft captures amazing view of moon's craters during flyby

(https://www.space.com/artemis-1-orion...)

Credit: NASA

Orion spacecraft’s return powered flyby of the Moon

For NASA’s Artemis I mission, the uncrewed Orion spacecraft performed its return powered flyby of the Moon, on 5 December 2022, heading back to Earth.

Credit: NASA

Mars perseverance rover recently released new 4k video of mars surface! Mars latest images 4k!

On Dec. 7, 1972, NASA embarked on it final Apollo mission to the moon. See highlights and hear from the mission's lunar module pilot, retired NASA astronaut Harrison Schmitt.

Learn about Apollo 17:

https://www.space.com/17287-apollo-17...

Credit: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Apollo 17 at 50 - Revisit the last time humans were on the Moon

On Dec. 7, 1972, NASA embarked on it final Apollo mission to the moon. See highlights and hear from the mission's lunar module pilot, retired NASA astronaut Harrison Schmitt.

Learn about Apollo 17:

https://www.space.com/17287-apollo-17...

Credit: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

6 Minutes Ago: Elon Musk Sent Out A Terrifying Message

Elon Musk is the unchallenged champion of space technology and since his Twitter acquisition, even the people who did not know him previously, can not help being amazed by him. Musk's erratic tweets and very public feuds with other billionaires and tech giants might be keeping him in the news nowadays but for the scientific community, his company SpaceX is the main attraction.

In fact, the recent revelations by the company all set to explore the farthest parts of the universe have caused quite a bit of a stir. We have sent spacecrafts and rovers to other planets but so far humans haven't gone beyond the moon or past the low orbit of earth which is at an altitude of less than one thousand kilometers above Earth. But now Elon has hinted that SpaceX might be ready to send the very first humans to Mars and even beyond.

SpaceX or Space Exploration Technologies Corp. is a spacecraft manufacturer, launcher and satellites communications corporation founded by Elon Musk back in 2002. The company's headquarters are located in Hawthorne, California. According to Elon his aim was to reduce the space transportation costs to enable the colonization of Mars. The company mainly manufactures the Falcon 9, Falcon Heavy and Starship launch vehicles. It also produces numerous rocket engines, Cargo Dragon and Crew Dragon spacecraft and the popular starlink communications satellites. It's no secret that Elon was very excited by the Mars exploration missions and wants to put humans on the red planet as soon as possible.

In 2001 he joined the Mars society board of directors by donating a hundred thousand dollars. During the plenary talk at their convention he announced the Mars Oasis. It was a project that was going to land a miniature experimental greenhouse and grow plants on Mars.

After a visit to Moscow, Russia with Micheal Griffin, Musk announced that he was going to start a company to build affordable rockets by applying vertical integration, using cheap commercial off-the-shelf components where he could and by adopting the modular approach of modern software engineering.

This would cut the launch price significantly in Musk's opinion. Micheal Griffin, who was later appointed the NASA administrator, awarded SpaceX a 396 million dollar contract in 2006, years before the company launched a single rocket

Enormous Out of Place Artifacts Left By Giants?

A journey of discovering the lost history of our plan

Has the Existence of the Giants Been Confirmed? What Times Did They Live?

What do Harry Potter, Game of Thrones and the Bible have in common? There are giants in all these works! But although the existence of these gigantic creatures is also mentioned in many other ancient sources, we always place the stories about the club-wielding cannibals in the realm of myth and legend. But are we doing the giants an injustice? Are there even archaeological finds that prove that an unusually large species once roamed our globe? The frightening answer to this question is yes! You want to know what this gripping topic is all about? Then stay tuned and dive into the mysterious world of giants with us!

#TheUnknownList

This Discovery Will Give You Nightmares

There are some curious people out there. And their curious nature means they are always stumbling upon interesting things that had remained hidden up until then. These are the 20 strangest objects recently discovered!

06-12-2022 om 21:09 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Atlantis Revealed: Plato's Cautionary Tale Was Based On A Real Setting

Artist’s representation of Atlantis

Atlantis Revealed: Plato's Cautionary Tale Was Based On A Real Setting

The time is 360 BC, the dawn of Western civilization. Athens, the cradle of democracy, is the epicenter of the ancient world. In his dialogues of Timaeus and Critias, Plato introduces a tale of an advanced prehistoric civilization, which since has captivated the imagination of every generation that followed. This was the story of Atlantis, an idyllic island paradise of skillful navigators who often crossed the Atlantic to explore. Atlantis, according to Plato, was ultimately lost to the sea. Its memory, though, was not soon forgotten.

For two millennia, people unsuccessfully kept on searching for the legendary island, making Atlantis one of the most lasting and fascinating stories of all time! What about those, however, who over time claim to have found the lost island? The truth is, no one until now was able to introduce a site that perfectly matched Plato's description. Instead, we have theories upon theories on the whereabouts of Atlantis. Why though? If everyone utilizes the same textbook, why the apparent confusion? Can this be a case of gross misinterpretation among researchers, or did early translators fail to properly capture and relay Plato's account? And, what about the chronological conflict that exists in Plato's account?

Let's take the original Santorini hypothesis, for example. Unquestionably, the island of Santorini, its volcanic eruption and the advanced Minoan civilization, was the best we had on Atlantis until recently. This was never a flawless hypothesis, though. Always a big problem with that theory was the fact that Plato's given chronology of 9600 BC had to be discarded (as Athens and most story details did not belong in that period). There is another bigger problem with that theory, though. While Santorini itself undeniably matches the site where the crown city of Atlantis once stood (talking about the concentric rings of earth and water) the problem is, Santorini alone never matched Plato's entire description. The primary island of Atlantis, one Plato said was to be 9 kilometers away, is missing from the particular setting of 1600 BC. These major flaws allowed for critics to raise doubts on that hypothesis, and to continue to question the validity of Plato's story.

Of course, serious research on Atlantis was never simple. Science fiction authors, movies and other creative works of popular culture, eventually capitalized on the story's popularity, and contrary to Plato's account, over time they turned Atlantis into an ultra-modern society with flying machines and technology far beyond our own.

Nonetheless, eventually every search comes to an end. Recently, a four year study that included a thorough analysis of Plato's work established that serious errors by early translators allowed for the mixed messages in the translated document.

The recent study not only decisively placed Atlantis in the Mediterranean Sea, but, it concluded with the discovery and identification of a submerged prehistoric island that in every way matches Plato's Atlantis. While in the past finding Atlantis was thought to be more difficult than winning the lottery, now there is a tangible site where all the physical characteristics of the given description match. The topography, the given chronology, the volcanic geology, the flora and fauna in that period, the island's destruction by a great flood, the presence of an unknown prehistoric civilization in the area, and DNA evidence all point to a genuine discovery.

More specifically, the study shows that around 9600 BC, when according to Plato Atlantis was above water, the modern Cyclades Islands were connected by the Cyclades Plateau, a flat terrain (now 400 feet below sea level,) that formed the body of a huge island. When this prehistoric island is compared to Plato's Atlantis, it immediately becomes evident that this must have been the land Plato was talking about. Its northern region was comprised of mountains that reached the shores. Below the mountainous region there was an oblong valley measuring 555 Km ². Below the oblong valley there was a smaller valley, 2/3 the size of the oblong valley that measured 370 Km ². This was the primary island. Nine kilometers away from the primary island, and precisely as Plato depicted, lies the island of Santorini, a circular island with a flooded core and a small island in its center (Santorini, an island within an island setting, a sea volcano with a collapsed center, prior to the volcanic eruption of 1600 BC had a single opening on its outer ring that allowed ships to enter its watery caldera).

Plato's Atlantis

Plato's Atlantis

Atlantis area map

Atlantis area map

The consequence in finding Atlantis at around 9600 BC leaves no doubt that Plato based his story on a real setting and a prehistoric civilization known to ancient Greeks, which in order to successfully communicate some of his philosophical ideas (divine vs. human, ideal societies vs. corrupt,) he filled with familiar matter from later times, including details from the Minoan era of which he was more familiar with. The existence of a matching site at around 9600 BC, in essence, proves that Plato did exactly what Homer did with Troy 400 years before him. (Homer's Iliad was an entirely fictional story that revolved around a real setting and a historical incident that took place 600 years before Homer himself.)

Atlantis - Book Extract

The super-island of the Cyclades Plateau (Plato's Atlantis) was drowned by the sea at around 8000 BC, during the rapid rise of the Mediterranean and just prior to the flooding of the Black Sea (see UNESCO study, 2009.) Incidentally, around this time, Lake Agassiz, a gigantic glacial lake in North America, also burst open and began to drain into the Atlantic. It is worth noting that Lake Agassiz covered an area larger than all the Great Lakes combined (440,000 Km ²) and at times, it contained more fresh water than all the lakes in the world today. The total fresh water outflow from this lake alone was so immense, scientists believe it raised the oceans worldwide by as much as nine feet and further produced the 8.2 kilo-year event that followed, a mini ice age that lasted 400 years! This global cataclysm at the end of the last Ice Age, which ultimately raised sea levels by 400 feet, not only erased our early history, but this could also be the event we all inadvertently refer to as the "Great Flood."

As for the island/continent across from the Pillars of Hercules, one larger than Libya and Asia combined, the latest study demonstrates how Plato's reference of the American continent got misconstrued into that of Atlantis. The mention of the continent across the Atlantic, "one that encompassed that veritable ocean," was Plato's poetic attempt to demonstrate Atlantis's incredible naval capability and its capacity to cross the ocean via island hopping (through Scotland, Orkney Islands, Faroe Islands, Iceland and Greenland.) Several clues and archeological evidence actually confirm that the ancient Greeks were aware of the American continent in order for Plato to include it in his story.

Crossing the Atlantic via island hopping

Crossing the Atlantic via island hopping

The implications of locating Atlantis in the Mediterranean go beyond the discovery itself. This find not only substantiates Plato's claim of prehistoric transatlantic crossings, but may finally help explain how the Mediterranean haplogroup X got to North America 10,000 to 12,000 years ago.

While most geneticists today maintain that haplogroup X walked to America via the Bering Strait, genetic maps show that the furthest region east of the Mediterranean with small traces of haplogroup X, is the Altai Republic in Southern Russia. No traces of haplogroup X exist between Altai Republic and the greater region of the Great Lakes. If haplogroup X infiltrated North America via the Bering Strait, why then does the greatest concentration of haplogroup X (away from the Mediterranean) exist around the Great Lakes and not in Alaska or alongside the west coast? Most importantly, how do we otherwise explain that heavy traces of haplogroup X incidentally also exist in Scotland, Orkney Islands, Faroe islands and Iceland, essentially all the island stops to North America from Europe.

Genetic Map of Haplogroup X

Genetic Map of Haplogroup X

Finally, a 10,000 year old Mediterranean civilization, may help explain more archaeological oddities in this region. Recent erosion and seismic tests at the Giza Plateau, indicated that the Great Sphinx may be much older structure than previously thought, and along with the site of Gobekli Tepe in Turkey, both seem to coincide with Plato's story of Atlantis. Is it possible that Gobekli Tepe and the monument of The Great Sphinx could be remnants of the same advanced civilization Plato referenced in his story, one that was aggressively advancing against its neighbors in Africa and the Middle East, or do those belong to another culture? And what about the advanced proto-Euphratean people who descended upon the Mesopotamia around 7000 BC, from a region "unknown." Could these enigmatic people be the refugees of the same culture who fled the Mediterranean basin and moved eastwards to escape the inundation? Undoubtedly, they could have brought with them the story of the great flood as well as the skills and technology to incite yet another great civilization, like that of ancient Sumer (just as the survivors around the Cyclades and neighboring islands may have ultimately contributed to the rise of the Minoans).

Featured image: Artist’s representation of Atlantis. Source: BigStockPhoto
All other images are the Copyrighted Material of Christos A. Djonis and have been used with permission.

By Christos A. Djonis

06-12-2022 om 02:06 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:André's Snelkoppelingen (ENG)

05-12-2022

By Looking Back Through Hubble Data, Astronomers Have Identified six Massive Stars Before They Exploded as Core-Collapse Supernovae

Hubble Space Telescope

NASA's Hubble Space Telescope flies with Earth in the background after a 2002 servicing mission.

(NASA Photo)

BY MATT WILLIAMS

By Looking Back Through Hubble Data, Astronomers Have Identified six Massive Stars Before They Exploded as Core-Collapse Supernovae

The venerable Hubble Space Telescope has given us so much during the history of its service (32 years, 7 months, 6 days, and counting!) Even after all these years, the versatile and sophisticated observatory is still pulling its weight alongside more recent addition, like the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and other members of NASA’s Great Observatories family. In addition to how it is still conducting observation campaigns, astronomers and astrophysicists are combing through the volumes of data Hubble accumulated over the years to find even more hidden gems.

A team led by Caltech’s recently made some very interesting finds in the Hubble archives, where they observed the sites of six supernovae to learn more about their progenitor stars. Their observations were part of the Hubble Space Telescope Snapshot program, where astronomers use HST images to chart the life cycle and evolution of stars, galaxies, and other celestial objects. From this, they were able to place constraints on the size, mass, and other key characteristics of the progenitor stars and what they experienced before experiencing core collapse.

The team was led by Dr. Schuyler D. Van Dyk, a senior research scientist with Caltech’s Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC). His teammates included researchers from the University of California, Berkeley, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the University of Arizona’s Steward Observatory, the University of Hawai’i’s Institute for Astronomy, and the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Minnesota. Their findings were published in a paper titled “The disappearance of six supernova progenitors” that will appear in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

The Hubble Ultra Deep Field seen in ultraviolet, visible, and infrared light.

Image Credit: NASA, ESA, H. Teplitz and M. Rafelski (IPAC/Caltech), A. Koekemoer (STScI), R. Windhorst (Arizona State University), and Z. Levay (STScI)

As they indicate in their paper, the targets of their study were all nearby core-collapse supernovae (SNe) that Hubble imaged at high spatial resolutions. The images were part of the Hubble Snapshot program, created by the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) to provide a large sample of images for various targets. Every target is observed in a single orbit of Hubble around the Earth between other observation programs, allowing a degree of flexibility that is not possible with other observatories.

For their study, Van Dyk and his colleagues examined images of six extragalactic supernovae before and after they exploded – designated SN 2012A, SN 2013ej, SN 2016gkg, SN 2017eaw, SN 2018zd, and SN 2018aoq. With extragalactic targets, astronomers have difficulty knowing if the stars they identified were progenitors to the supernova, given the distance involved. As Van Dyk to Universe Today via email, the only way to be sure is to wait for the supernova to dim, then confirm that the progenitor star has disappeared:

“Since the supernova explosion is so luminous, we have to wait a number of years until it has faded enough that it is less luminous than was the progenitor. In a few of the cases we show in our paper, there is little question that the star that was there pre-explosion is now gone. In the other cases, we’re reasonably sure, but the supernova is still detectable and is just faint enough for us to infer that the progenitor has vanished. “

In a previous study, Van Dyk and several colleagues who were co-authors of this study investigated another supernova (iPTF13bvn) whose progenitor star disappeared. In this case, the research team relied on data obtained by Hubble of the SN site – as part of the Ultraviolet Ultra Deep Field (UVUDF) campaign – roughly 740 days after the star exploded. In 2013, Van Dyk led a study that used images from an earlier Snapshot program to confirm that the progenitor of SN 2011dh in the Whirlpool Galaxy (Messier 51) had disappeared.

The Whirlpool Galaxy (Spiral Galaxy M51, NGC 5194), a classic spiral galaxy located in the Canes Venatici constellation, and its companion NGC 5195.

Credit: NASA/ESA

These and other papers over the years have shown that progenitor candidates can be directly identified from pre-explosion images. In this most recent study, Van Dyk and his colleagues observed supernovae in the later stages of their evolution to learn what mechanisms are powering them. In many cases, the mechanism is the decay of radioactive nuclei (in particular, radioactive nickel, cobalt, and iron) that were synthesized by the enormous energy of the explosion. But as he explained, they suspected that other mechanisms might be involved:

“However, we have indications that some supernovae inevitably have additional power sources — one possibility is that the light of the supernova has been scattered by interstellar dust immediate to the explosion, in the form of a ‘light echo’; another more likely possibility is that the shockwave associated with the explosion is interacting with gas that was deposited around the progenitor star by the star itself during the course of the star’s life, in the form of wind or outburst, that is, circumstellar matter. The ejecta from the explosion moving through and interacting with this circumstellar matter can result in luminous energy that can persist for years, even for decades.”

In short, the team was trying to estimate how many of the supernovae they observed evolved through radioactive decay versus more exotic powering mechanisms. Their results showed that SN 2012A, SN 2018zd, and SN 2018aoq had faded to the point where they were no longer detectable in the Hubble Snapshot images, whereas SN 2013ej, SN 2016gkg, and SN 2017eaw had faded just enough. Therefore, they could infer in all six cases that the progenitors had disappeared. However, not all were the result of a single massive star undergoing core collapse.

In the case of SN 2016gkg, the images acquired by Hubble’s Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) were of much higher spatial resolution and sensitivity than the images of the host galaxy, previously taken by the now-retired WFC2. This allowed them to theorize that SN 2016gkg was not the result of a single core-collapse supernova but a progenitor star interacting with a neighboring star. Said Van Dyk:

“So, in the old image, the progenitor looked like one “star,” whereas in the new images, we could see that the progenitor had to have been spatially distinct from the neighboring star. Therefore, we were able to obtain a better estimate of the progenitor’s luminosity and color, now uncontaminated by the neighbor, and from that, we were able to make some new inferences about the overall properties of the progenitor, or, in this case, progenitor system, since we characterized the new results using existing models of binary star systems.”

Artist’s impression of a supernova remnant.

Credit: ESA/Hubble

Specifically, they determined that the progenitor belonged to the class of “stripped-envelope” supernovae (SESNe), in which the outer hydrogen H-rich envelope of the progenitor star has been significantly or entirely removed. They further estimated that the progenitor was the primary and its companion was likely a main sequence star. They even placed constraints on their respective masses before the explosion (4.6 and 17–20.5 solar masses, respectively).

After consulting images taken around the same time by another Snapshot program, they also noticed something interesting about SN 2017eaw. These images indicated that this supernova was especially luminous in the UV band (an “ultraviolet excess”). By combining these images with their data, Va Dyk and his team speculated that SN 2017eaw had an excess of light in the UV at the time it was observed, which was likely caused by interaction between the supernova shock and the circumstellar medium around that progenitor.

The team also noted that the dust created by a supernova explosion is a complicating factor due to how it cools as it expands outward. This dust, said Van Dyk, can obscure light from distant sources and lead to complications with the observations:

“The caveat here, then, is that the star that we saw pre-explosion might not be the progenitor at all, for instance and — again, because of the distances to the host galaxies — that star is within fractions of a pixel of the actual progenitor (physically, in the immediate neighborhood of the progenitor), such that, if the supernova has made dust, that dust is effectively blanketing both the supernova and that neighboring star. This is possible, but not inordinately likely. And it becomes a harder argument to make in those few cases where nothing is seen at the supernova position years later — as we point out in the paper, that would require enormous amounts of dust, which is likely physically not possible.”

Tracing the origins of supernovae is one of the many ways astronomers can learn more about the life cycle of stars. With improved instruments, data collection, and flexibility, they are able to reveal more about how our Universe evolved and will continue to change over time.

Further Reading:

arXiv

05-12-2022 om 23:31 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

Tom DeLonge Just Made a Big Disclosure Announcement & Said There's A Huge Underground Pyramid Beneath Alaska via Unexplained Mysteries

Tom Delonge just made a big announcement & said there’s a huge underground pyramid beneath Alaska. Today, we take a look at what Tom Delonge said about this huge pyramid. For the past few years, Tom DeLonge has been researching the topic of strange aircrafts, something that’s fascinated many of us, and in many of his interviews he’s come forward and made some interesting announcements, with one of the most recent ones being that there’s a large pyramid in Alaska.

He was during an interview when he detailed some of the things that he knows about the mysterious black Alaskan pyramid. Thank you for watching!

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

05-12-2022 om 23:07 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:MYSTERIES ( Fr, Nl, E)

A Strange Wave of Mysterious Phantom Airships in New Zealand

Brent Swancer

One area that has long been skirting the periphery of the UFO phenomenon is that of mysterious airships that have appeared at various times throughout history, and one notable wave of these occurred in New Zealand in the 1900s. It started in July of 1909, when a Mr. John Boyd, of Stirling was with two other locals in the vicinity of the railway station in the Clutha river delta area, in the Otago province of New Zealand, when they witnessed a strange bright light hovering in the sky, which they at first took to be just a bright star, but then it began moving, swaying and doing several maneuvers such as dipping and rising, as well as growing in brilliance. They now had the impression that it was some sort of airship, although unlike anything any of them had seen before, and an article in the Otago Daily Times says of it:

Between half-past 10 and 11 on the night stated, our informant and two other residents of Stirling were standing in the vicinity of the railway station when they sighted the mysterious light. “It first came into our view from the east,” said the narrator,” and we thought it was a meteor or a falling star, but the light grew in brilliance. It moved about the hills above Kaitangata sometimes swooping down from a height of apparently 2000ft [610m] to about 1000ft [305m] and even lower. Then it would turn and make away towards the sea, or would dip completely out of sight behind the hills. It seemed to move with as much ease, and even grace, as a bird on the wing. The light carried was a strong and steady one, and whenever the ship, or whatever it was, turned, we thought we could see a dark, opaque body. Certainly we could see, without a doubt, the reflection of the light in the clouds. It was a white light with a reflector, just what would be used by an airship driven by an electric motor. When she was sideways on we thought we could see the reflection as of a black body above and below. It was a marvellously mystifying sight.” He said he had been puzzling over the matter and consulting with a few familiars, and the only conclusion he could come to was that the light was that of an airship, probably being made the subject of an experimental cruise.

The witnesses apparently watched the strange sight for around a half an hour before it gradually moved off out of sight. Boyd would come to the conclusion that it must have been the work of an inventor with “a workshop somewhere in the lonely Wangaloa hills.” It would soon become apparent that several other witnesses in the area had also seen the strange sight, with all of them giving a very similar description, but there could be found no record of any aircraft scheduled to be in the area at the time. After this, in the coming weeks other sighting reports of mysterious airships began coming in, with some reports mentioning up to five of these objects at a time, while others described hearing a sound like a fog horn when they were around. The Clutha Free Press says of some of these reports that followed Boyd’s original account as follows:

Ridicule and rigid cross-examination have failed to shake the theory that a light, supposed to belong to an airship, was hovering over the Wangaloa Hills, near Kaitangata, on Sunday night. The narrative of this extraordinary apparition was supplied to the Free Press (Balclutha) by several eye witnesses who are prepared to sign an affadavit to the truth of their statement…. The story has been received with some incredulity, but the kite and balloon theories advanced have been scouted as being as widely improbable as the airship. Seeing that the gentlemen who witnessed the phenomenon are of unimpeachable integrity, residents are at a loss what to make of it. ‘If it isn’t a hoax, or an airship, what is it?’ is a question being generally asked.

Several in Balclutha testify that they have seen a similar object to that already described, at night. An employee in this office saw a lighted object hovering apparently over Inch Clutha one night last week, but he concluded it was a fire balloon sent up by someone as an “airship” joke. Others have seen partially illuminated objects floating in the air; people coming up by the late train from Owaka on Saturday night speak of the airship they saw in the direction of lower Inch Clutha, and several in Balclutha saw the same thing, while people from Clinton yesterday morning went one better and declared they not only saw the mysterious object but averred they heard the occupants talking.

Not long after this there was a spectacular report made by a Mr. Gibson, of Kelso, who claimed that he was a teacher and that he and his students had seen a mysterious airship “shaped like a boat, with what seemed like the figure of a man seated in it” in broad daylight. This mysterious object apparently circled over the school for a time before heading out towards the Blue Mountains. At around the same time, other witnesses also saw the object, and a newspaper report would read:

There is not the slightest doubt that the airship was seen at Kelso yesterday at noon. I have eye witnesses to prove this. It is cigar or “boat” shaped and pointed at each end. Those who saw it had no idea of the probable height of it above them. It did not appear to be very long in build, but was very broad. The children who saw it say that it had a pontoon-shaped part above the boat and a short pole or mast, in the centre. It flew over and past the school ground, turned round, and went back the way it came. It was flying along very easily, and had no trouble in turning. It came from the direction of the Blue Mountains and over the wooded hill [The Wooded Hill] above Kelso, and seemed to make back direct to the mountains again. It was seen by at least five persons, and their statements are all in accord.

Many of these witnesses would draw sketches of the object and all insisted it was true. The airship was now becoming a bit of a media sensation, with articles on these sightings appearing in a range of newspapers, and the sightings continued to come it. One hot spot for sightings of the mysterious airship at the time was the beach at Kaka Point, and a report of it would read:

On Saturday night some half-a-dozen boys were playing on the beach at Kaka Point near Mr. Bates and saw a huge illuminated object moving about in the air. It appeared as if it were going to alight at Kaka Point. The light from it was distinctly reflected on the roof of Dr. Fitzgerald’s cottage. The boys thought it was being attracted by their lantern and ran away and left it on the beach. The “airship” then glided round the rocks at the old pilot station and nearly came in contact with them. It shortly afterwards disappeared. The boys said it was as big as a house.

On Sunday night the mysterious object again made its appearance at the beach, and was seen by Mr. George Smith and Mr. Poulter about 8.30. Mr. Smith viewed it through a very powerful night glass. It was apparently over Mr. Aitkenhead’s house when he first saw it, but it glided high in the air and sailed north in the direction of Kaitangata, sweeping west and east and finally disappearing. About half past 10 Mr. Smith was called out by Mr. Poulter to see the airship, which had again made its appearance. This time it headed out to sea and eventually disappeared over the horizon or into the sea. As seen through the glass, Mr. Smith said it appeared to be a fair-sized, dark superstructure with a powerful head-light and two smaller ones at the sides. It might convey the impression of being under control, and likewise of moving fast. Mr. Smith did not jump to any conclusions. It was seen by people at the beach every night last week and “it will probably be seen again to-night,” said Mr. Smith yesterday. If it appears again within range, some of the beach boys are going to try to “prick the bubble” with a bullet.

The airships were now becoming a full blown phenomenon and sensation that was spreading out to other areas as well, with a wave of numerous reports coming from other regions to the north and south. A collection of some of these sightings was compiled by the Otago Daily Times, and reads:

This thing was again seen at about half-past 6 o’clock on Saturday night here by several other persons about five or six miles on the opposite side of Kelso from the Blue Mountains, in a north-westerly direction. The strong light on it first drew these people’s attention to it, but after a time the light went out, and they could then see some smaller lights, which remained in view for some five or ten minutes. As these lights were well above the hills, which are in that direction, and were not stationary, but moved along all the time, these people are fully satisfied now of the existence of this flying machine, more especially after seeing the strong light flash out and disappear again.

Alfred Guinan saw the light on the same occasion. It was flashing as though the ship were turning round in circles. It was in sight for about half an hour, and would go over by the hill and come back into about the same place. His elder brother saw it with him. Three members of another family saw the light about 6.30, but none of these witnesses was available. To these observers a flashlight and smaller lights were visible. A boy named R. Russell saw the lights from about 9 o’clock till 9.30. The light from the ship sometimes shone on the hills, making them visible. He said he was able to see a dark shape, and he drew a long cigar-shaped sketch in proof of his statement.

Early in the evening of Saturday, July 24, some 10 or 12 Dunedin tradesmen, who are working about six miles distant from here, saw it. It was viewed through coloured glasses and telescopes, and they all agree to its being an airship. They distinctly saw the cigar-shaped balloon with a carriage suspended below. The headlight was very powerful, and it was white in colour. The ship circled around several times, and was about two miles distant from those watching. It rose and fell while circling around, and then went off in the direction of the Hokonuis. It returned about 11 p.m., when rain commenced to fall. It was very high this time and sailed diagonally towards the Blue Mountains. These people ridiculed the airship theory previously, but when one of their number was seen to-day he was quite emphatic as to its existence. The following Dunedin residents, who are at present employed here [at Crossans Corner], testify to having actually seen the object in addition to the lights:– Mr. and Mrs. Callender, Mr. Tyrie, senior, Mr. and Mrs. Tyrie, junior, Mr. Sheridan, and Mr. Biggs, also several others.

The lights were distinctly visible by the Potter family last Saturday evening, in addition to which they state they could hear the noise of some machine at work. Mr. Keach (manager for Elliot Bros. Dunedin) has seen the lights on several occasions, and, when questioned, stated that the light was quite different to that of the stars, and there was no possibility of any error in the matter. Evidence has since come to hand of the lights having been seen last night, but the evidence of the Dunedin tradesmen is quite sufficient to dispel any doubts, as is also the statement of Mr. McKinnon. Local residents are keeping a sharp watch for the return of the airship. The people who saw it so distinctly on the evening of July 24 are certain that it was not the planet Mars. They are quite convinced from their observations that what they saw was in reality an airship, and they gave me full liberty to use their statements. As the large headlight went out they could see a smaller light, apparently on the structure below the balloon part. They could hear no noise, although they are of the opinion that the large light, from the manner of its appearance and disappearance, was an electric light driven by a motor.

The most important and trustworthy evidence was given by Mrs. Ferguson. She saw the light one night prior to Saturday night in the direction of Waipahi. It looked like a meteor and disappeared behind the trees. On Saturday night a little before 9 o’clock as she was driving into Kelso she saw the light above the Blue Mountains. This disappeared above Tapanui. The light was very strong, and dazzled her eyes, so that she could not see at first on looking down how to guide her horse. It was of a reddish colour. On returning from Kelso she again saw the light, and stood on the Tapanui Hill watching it for some time. Her mother, whom she had gone to meet at Kelso, returned home on Sunday night, and said she had seen the light on Saturday night at Waipahi.

The lights of the airship were seen tonight by at least 11 people. The Rev. Thomas Paulin, Presbyterian minister, his wife, and children saw it about 6.45. Mr. Paulin describes it as something like a very brilliant star, greatly magnified. It was travelling very fast towards Mount Wendon, and was well above the skyline, but at last it seemed to travel downwards. The light then became more and more dim, and went completely out. In addition to the bright light there was a smaller light, as though it was at the end of the vessel. Its manner of disappearance was not that of any star, as it faded and did not disappear suddenly.

Mr. McKinnon saw the vessel at the same time from a different position in the town. It was dim at first, but seemed to be coming towards him, and became much brighter by fits and starts. It came from the north-west direction. As it came nearer both he and his family could discern a big black body behind the light. This oscillated from side to side as though affected by air currents. They thought it would pass overhead, but the light grew dim all at once, and then gradually faded away. The dark body could not be seen when the light went out. Mr. McKinnon did not see any smaller light. A man driving along the road, as well as several other people, also saw it.

While most reports described the ship or ships as being completely silent, there were occasionally mentions of the craft making various noises such as whirring, a horn, clanking machinery, or the sound of a propeller. Indeed, there were cases in which the witness had not even actually seen the ship, but rather had heard it. One such report from the Otago Daily Times reads:

Mrs. Mayo, however, has heard sounds which she assumes come from an airship. When she was in bed on Friday [23 July] at 11.30 p.m. there gradually came to her ear a dull rolling whirring noise. It seemed like a motor or threshing mill. She listened intently, as the noise puzzled her. Gradually it became clear that the noise was not on the ground. It drew nearer – a rolling noise like a drum a long way off; not a tap, tap, but a dull roll mixed with which was a squeaking or piercing sound. She got frightened, jumped out of bed, and went on to the verandah. A great vibrating noise came from the roof. The sound approached from the southward, passed close overhead, and died away to the north in the direction of the mountains. She looked out as well as she could, but could see nothing, and she went back to bed. In the morning the horses in the paddock next door seemed frightened, and marks showed that they had been galloping round. Mrs. Mayo was the only person who heard this noise, but her house is away from the township.

While this was going on there was much discussion and speculation as to what it all meant. Some ideas included that it was just balloons or kites, flocks of birds, some mad inventor testing out his flying apparatus, anomalous cloud formations, or even just hoaxes or hallucinations. One scathing and skeptical article in the Christchurch Evening News would write it all off as a bunch of country bumpkins getting drunk and seeing things, and it reads in part:

It is about time some enterprising southern journalist made a trip to the Blue Mountains and investigated the airship rumours. We are not hopeful of any very sensational revelations. It must be remembered that it is a prohibition district, and if the investigators should by any chance discover a still or other contrivance for the manufacture of stimulants, of the ‘chain lightning’ order, it would be unnecessary to enquire further why the inhabitants see trailing stars at night time and curious objects bobbing about in the clouds by day. They should really take more water with the local decoction. It may be exhilarating; but it is fair to destroy the peace of mind of the whole country by such alarming reports from an ordinarily peaceful and remote country district. Besides, if the people of Kelso are not careful, they will soon be seeing far more unpleasant things than phantom airships.

Although there were certainly skeptics, it was also pointed out by others that none of the mundane explanations really could account for what was being described, and many of the witnesses were known as sane, sober, and reliable people who would not be inclined to be making up tall tales. The Otago Daily Times would launch a full investigation into the phenomenon, interviewing witnesses and especially interrogating the schoolboys who had witnessed the airship at their school, and they would come away convinced that something very odd was going on, indeed. The report says:

A busy afternoon’s investigation utterly dispels any supposition that the reports about the airship are entirely mythical. There is far too much evidence for the belief to be easily dispelled. Naturally, speculation has gone to an extreme, but after careful sifting, certain facts remain undoubted definite facts. All those scholars who saw the ship were interrogated singly and independently, and were asked to draw an impression of what they had seen. The drawings were done separately, and with no reference whatever from one to another. The result was six drawings, the degree of resemblance and unanimity of which was nothing short of dumbfounding to all sceptics. Special interrogation of the boys revealed the fact that none had drawn the diagram before, nor had they been interested in airships prior to witnessing this one. One boy, in addition to drawing a side view, was able to draw a diagram of the vessel from beneath as the airship passed over his head, and this showed two sails [possibly more like fins or wings] on each side. Another boy produced a peculiar-looking object, which was somewhat puzzling at first, but which ultimately seemed to resolve itself into one wing seen from an angle with a revolving propellor at the rear.

As the reports continued to come it through the end of July and into August, they were generating not only a mix of awe, skepticism, and in some cases ridicule, but also fear. The performance of the object or objects being seen was beyond what any sort of normal airplane or airship would have been capable of at the time, so there was the idea among a certain segment of the population that some enemy state or terrorists had come up with some new experimental type of aircraft. Indeed, there were even reportedly posses of armed men going out with the hopes of shooting the thing down, and there was a general feel of a mass hysteria going on at the time. The sightings continued on into the beginning of August, after which they seem to have just stopped as suddenly as they had started and the news reports dried up, leaving us without any real answers. What were these strange airships that were terrorizing the region at the time? Were they experimental aircraft, the work of a mad scientist, some mundane phenomena, or something else? The strange airship flap of New Zealand remains unsolved, and it remains a strange little historical oddity we may never have answers for.

05-12-2022 om 22:25 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:UFOs , UAPs , USOS

Native American Legends about the Star People and their Flying Shields

Bibhu Dev Misra

The UFO phenomenon goes way back in the American continent. There has been a pervasive belief amongst the different indigenous people that their ancestors were “star people” who came here from other stellar systems. The Hopi say that their ancestors came from the Pleiades star cluster. The Dakota believe that the Pleiades is Tiyami, “the abode of the ancestors”, and when we die, we go to live in the Pleiades. Cherokee legends teach that Native Americans originated long ago in the Pleiades, and assert that indigenous people are on Earth as “star seeds,” with a mission of bringing light and knowledge. The Cree, who live primarily in Canada, believe that their ancestors arrived on Earth from the stars as spirits, and then became human beings.

Such beliefs are quite commonplace amongst the Native American tribes, and well documented by archaeologists and anthropologists, although most of them do not attach much importance to these tales. Prof. David Kelly of the University of Calgary – a doctorate from Harvard University and an acclaimed Mayanist scholar - was an exception, in the sense that, he treated such indigenous beliefs with the seriousness they deserved. In the book Exploring Ancient Skies: A Survey of Ancient and Cultural Astronomy, Prof. Kelley mentioned how the interactions between the Sky People and humans served as a basis for the organization of the society across indigenous populations:

“The concept of intelligent life on other worlds has been widespread in many cultures around the world. The Dogon account of being taught useful skills by fish-men from Sirius is more specific than are most such accounts but is otherwise typical. Heroes pass back and forth between this world and the star worlds with ease.

In South American belief, Star Woman came from the sky, taught people agriculture, and returned to the sky. Many groups in both North and South America are divided into moieties of Sky People and Earth People, and in many cases, it is believed that the ancestors of Sky People came from the stars...Some Yumans of Arizona and California say that their ancestors came from the Pleiades. In Polynesia, specific ancestors of existing families are alleged to have gone back and forth between the land of the Sky People, Earth, and the Underworld.

When these lands are described, they are usually very much like Earth. Occasionally, their inhabitants have special characteristics, such as the Dogon fish-men, but more frequently celestial dwellers are virtually indistinguishable from humans except for their superior knowledge. ”[1]

The deeply ingrained belief within the indigenous communities that the star people or sky people taught them important skills and were the ancestors of certain groups, has made them more receptive to ideas of UFOs and alien visitations. As per Hopi tradition, during the Third World the people had invented magical "flying shields" called patuwvota, on which they could carry out aerial attacks on their enemies. When the Third World was destroyed by a massive flood, the flying patuwvotas along with other wordly treasures sank to the bottom of the seas.[2] According to independent researcher and author Gary David, who has written extensively about the Southwestern archaeological sites, “many flying shields are piloted by entities commonly called kachinas.”[3]

The kachinas are spirit beings who answer to the prayers of the Hopi and bestow blessings in the form of health, rain and good harvest. The Hopi assert that kachinas came up with them during their Emergence from the womb of Mother Earth at the beginning of the Fourth World.[4] This suggests that the kachinas – at least many of them – are “underworld spirits” associated with fertility and rainfall, that we find in the beliefs of many indigenous cultures. These are the same spirits that help the shaman with specific advice and counsel when he journeys to the underworld in an altered state of consciousness to find remedies for the ills affecting the community.

The Hopi say that the kachinas gave help and guidance to the clans during their migrations, and were referred to as the Kachina Clan.[5] Afterwards, they went away to live on top of the San Francisco peaks to the west of Hopi-land. Although many kachinas are underworld spirits, they originally came to the Earth from the stars. Frank Waters wrote that, “they (kachina) come from much farther away, a long long way – from neighbouring stars, constellations, too distant to be visible, from mysterious spirit worlds.”[6] This means that the kachinas are “star people”, many of whom transformed into “underworld spirits” when they came to the Earth and settled here, while others, quite possibly, continue to exist in other parts of the Solar System and beyond.

Gary David has written that, as per Hopi traditions, a kachina called Pavayoykyasi refers to his aircraft as “his pet, a magic flying shield. The shield has two parts, with the lower one spinning and the upper one remaining still. Climbing aboard, Pavayoykyasi rose up into the air and flew off.”[7] Isn’t it odd that the kachina refers to his flying shield as a “pet”? Almost as if it’s a sentient being that responds to its commands!

Gary David has identified yet another kind of aerial device within Hopi lore called a tawiya, or “gourd”, which consists of two halves. After climbing aboard, the rider closes the upper half and installs a tightly stretched sinew between the bottom of the gourd and the stem button. The rider then twists the sinew between his palms and the flying machine lifts off, making a humming noise.[8] “Hopis say that the gourd is a magic vehicle used by those who have power to use it for travel something like a spacecraft or flying saucer.”[9]

If the kachinas pilot the flying shields, then it gives an interesting twist to the UFO phenomenon. It would imply that, at least some of the UFO sightings from around the world reflect the technological skills of a subterranean civilization. This could explain why many UFOs seem to dive into oceans or water bodies and disappear, while many have been observed shooting out of water bodies. Perhaps some entrances to the underworld domain of the kachinas are concealed within the submerged continental shelves of the world?

The manner in which the kachinas are depicted in Hopi art resembles the way in which aliens have been visualized and depicted in popular art. The Hopis give kachina dolls to the children to make them aware of the different types of kachinas. Many kachina dolls have horns or antennas jutting out their head, while their faces are characterized by large goggle-eyes and the absence of a nose. Needless to say, most of them look downright spooky, and could give you the creeps if one of them suddenly sneaked up on you at night. In the petroglyphs and pictographs of many Southwestern sites, eerie-looking kachina figures can be discerned, going by the horns or antennas on the head, the large rounded eyes and the absence of a nose, or even a mouth in some cases. Some of the kachinas depicted on the rock art are enclosed by serpent-like figures indicative of the underworld, healing and rainfall.

McKee Springs petroglyphs, most likely depicting kachinas with horns or antennas.

Source: NPS, Public Domain

Pictograph in Horsheshoe Canyon, Canyonlands, Utah, most likely depicting kachinas such as the Corn Maiden kachina or the Cloud Maiden kachina.

Credit: John Fowler CC BY 2.0

Pictographs at Sego canyon, Utah. The strange round eyed beings with antennas, and enclosed by serpent, are probably kachinas.

Credit: Rennett Stowe CC BY 2.0

One of the thoughts that struck me as I looked at the Sego canyon pictographs is, how closely these round-eyed, ghost-like figures, devoid of a nose or mouth, resemble the Wandjina art of the aboriginal Australians, who live in the Kimberley region of north-west Australia. The Wandjinas, like the kachinas, are regarded as powerful spirit beings who came down from the Milky Way and brought the law, culture, and language of the aboriginal people.[10] After teaching the aboriginals, the Wandjinas retreated to the bottom of the water source associated with the rock paintings. Like the kachinas, the Wandjinas are regarded as powerful “rain maker” spirits. They control the clouds and rainfall, and punish those who break the laws with floods, lightning and cyclones. Sometimes, the Wandjinas are depicted in the company of the “Rainbow Serpent” – as powerful rain making and creative spirit - just as the kachinas depicted on the Sego canyon pictographs are shown in the company of serpents.

Even the terms “kachina” and “Wandjina” are phonetically quite close. It makes you wonder if the kachina art was influenced by the Wandjina art or vice versa? Perhaps, both of them have a common origin elsewhere? Since the Hopi claim that they sailed eastwards on boats after the end of the Third World, to reach the western coast of America, such a possibility cannot be ruled out.

Wandjina Rock Art on the Barnett River in the Kimberley region of Western Australia.

Credit: Graeme Churchward CC BY 2.0.

The Wandjinas with the Rainbow Serpent.

Source: japingkaaboriginalart.com

The connections between the kachinas and the Wandjinas are striking to say the least. They are spirit beings who came from the stars, imparted all manners of wisdom to the people, and then transformed into underworld spirits associated with rain and harvest. And let’s not forget they look surprisingly alike, and hang around with rain-making serpents. A lot of crucial wisdom about the true nature of our reality - couched in the language of symbols, myths and metaphors – appear to have been preserved by the indigenous people, that could be of great help to us for unraveling the mysterious events that haunt us from time to time.

The kachinas not only look like alien beings and pilot flying shields, they have also been accused of abducting children! David S. Lewis wrote an article in the The Montana Pioneer,[11] in which he said that a prominent Lakota from the Fort Peck Reservation in Montana told him about the beliefs that his people hold regarding extraterrestrial phenomena.

“We do talk about folks coming down to earth,” he said, “in round shaped objects or balls of light from the skies.…I was told [by elders] that we had to use [sacred] songs to protect against these folks…as they stole Indian people and mainly our children.”

The Lakota India then went on to describe an UFO encounter that he and others experienced in 2009, during a solemn ceremony in a sweat lodge, dedicated to the passing of a close family member and significant native figure.

“I saw a [hovering ball of light] and it was with us for four days and four nights, March 2009, as we were holding four days of prayer, fasting, pipe ceremony, sweat house ceremony, and I am not the only one who witnessed this, brother,” he said.
He told us that nearby “children were screaming and pushing all trying to get inside the sweat house, as a big ball of light was right above them, and it broke off into little lights and were buzzing all around the sweat house.” On the last day of the ceremony, he said, “a flash or beam of light” emanated out of the hovering object to the sweat lodge.”

The Lakota beliefs about the abduction of children by the “balls of light” lend some degree of credence to the modern alien abduction phenomenon. It seems such events have been going on for centuries, and only recently entered into the public consciousness. It may seem paradoxical, of course, to learn that the kachinas, who attend to the prayers of the Hopi for rain and good harvest, are also guilty of abducting children. However, kachinas can be both benevolent beings as well as malicious creatures against whom one needs to know the methods to protect oneself.

Gary David mentioned a Hopi story about a kachina who took a young woman from Oraibi to the Land of the Cloud People. However, this was not a case of forced abduction but a matrimonial union between the star people and humans, reminiscent of the Biblical “sons of the gods”, who married mortal women and gave birth to the giants called Nephilim.

As per the story, the girl's father had recently died, causing a hardship for the family. The Cloud People had been watching her and her mother and decided that the kachina should marry her. One day the girl was in the fields picking squash blossoms when “she heard a roaring sound, a hissing noise like wind coming through a small place, and she wondered what it was.” Then she saw the approaching kachina, who was good looking with a beautiful kilt and sash and a brightly painted body. He said he wished to marry her and told her he would take her to his home tomorrow. The next morning he returned to the same field.

“He took her by the hand and walked with her over the hill, and she saw there was something there, something round, and they went straight for the thing and got into it. And when they did that, he did something and there was a big roar and soon they were off the ground. The thing they were in seemed to be spinning, and it streaked off. After a while he said, 'We are here.' They were down on the ground again and the roaring and hissing sound stopped. He took her up to his village, to his home. When they got to his house his mother and father were very happy that he had found the girl they had spoken of.”[12]

One can only wonder how the narrator of this story knew what happened after the craft reached its destination. Did the girl return to her parent’s house to share stories of her life in the otherworld? Did she make use of an interdimensional postal service? Was she throwing down rocks with symbols scribbled on them? We can only speculate. What is evident, however, is that the Native American belief in the star people and the kachinas provide a context for them to understand the UFO phenomenon and all that goes along with it, unlike in the westernized society, where the ancient beliefs have been mostly pooh-poohed away, leaving us without the necessary framework on the basis of which we can try to understand some of these mysterious goings-on.

It is not as though the Native Americans stories about flying saucers and aliens is restricted to their legends and rock art, and that they have no new experiences or ideas to share. Many Native Americans living in remote reservations continue to witness bright flying objects in the sky every year. However, most of these sightings go unreported, for the natives are wary of the law enforcements agencies and the government given their past history, and they do not want to get marked out as someone who believes in UFOs or has witnessed them.

Ruth Hopkins, who is of Native American ancestry, is a former science professor and tribal attorney. She wrote an article in the Indian Country Today magazine[13] in which she described her experience of seeing an UFO when she attended a memorial service for her husband’s grandfather on The Crow Creek Sioux Reservation in South Dakota. Sometime around midnight, while standing at the window of the hotel, her husband’s eye caught something very unusual, and she rushed to the window to catch a glimpse.

“Off to the south, there was a solid, large, orange, bright light. It was stationary for several minutes. Then the light shot off with amazing speed directly to the east, in a straight line. It stopped abruptly, moving with intelligence. Suddenly, the light broke off into three separate smaller orange lights, equidistant from one another. They streaked across the sky in opposite directions: one traveled east, another one north, and the last one, west.”

Ruth Hopkins was inspired by her sighting to dig out more such cases of UFO sightings in various Native Reservations, and found that many people have witnessed mysterious bright objects traveling at high speeds in the sky and pulling off astonishing manoeuvres. One of these cases was related by a college student of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, which involved a particularly large object that caused the lights in the house to go off.

“My oldest brother saw a U.F.O. after dark. My mom asked him to run out to the car to get her lighter and just a few moments after he left, the power in the house went. I felt a weird surge through my body when it happened. My mom had gone to the breaker when the lights came back on. She met him in the hallway as he came in the back door, and he was white as a ghost. She asked what happened. He told her that something as big as our property and the neighbor's...was hovering right over our place. Both properties were about 1/2 acre total.”

These accounts illustrate that UFO sightings still occur in Native American reservations – and they concur in a great measure to the sightings that happen elsewhere - even though they do not get much media publicity. However, the natives do not feel alarmed by the sightings since they are an integral part of their legends. The dominant belief amongst the various tribes is that the UFOs are flying shields operated by the star people or kachinas, who were their teachers and guides at the beginning of the Fourth World. Some of them even left their DNA through union with mortal woman, which is why some people regard them as their distant ancestors.

Yet another strange facet of the Native American experience with UFOs is the claim that some of the elders have the ability to communicate via telepathic means with the beings controlling these flying objects. The famous Oglala Sioux holy man, Black Elk, who lived from 1863 to 1950, claimed to have had telepathic communication with the “little men” who emerged from a brilliantly lit flying disk that hovered above him.[14] Whether this was true, or simply a bit of showmanship, it is difficult to tell. However, the fact that Native Americals, in general, regard the kachinas who pilot these crafts as their spirit guides, and still pray to them for rain and good harvest, evinces a possibility that our understanding the UFO phenomenon can be enriched through an understanding of the indigenous beliefs and traditions.

References

[1] David H. Kelley, Eugene F. Milone, Anthony F. Aveni, Exploring Ancient Skies: A Survey of Ancient and Cultural Astronomy (Springer Science & Business Media, 2011) 473.
[2] Frank Waters, Book of the Hopi, Ballantine Books, New York, 1963, p 22-26.
[3] Gary A. David, Hopi "Flying Shields" Over Arizona, Academia.edu.
[4] Frank Waters, Book of the Hopi, p 206.
[5] Ibid, p 82.
[6] Ibid p 202.
[7] Gary A. David, Hopi "Flying Shields" Over Arizona
[8] Ibid
[9] Ibid
[10] David Wroth, "Wandjina Dreamtime Story", Japingka Aboriginal Art, July 2019, https://japingkaaboriginalart.com/articles/wandjina/
[11] DAVID S. LEWIS, "Ancestors in High Places", The Montana Pioneer, https://montanapioneer.com/legends-of-the-star-people/
[12] Gary A. David, Hopi "Flying Shields" Over Arizona.
[13] Ruth Hopkins, "UFO Sightings in Indian Country", Indian Country Today, Apr 26, 2012, https://indiancountrytoday.com/archive/ufo-sightings-in-indian-country
[14] DAVID S. LEWIS, "Ancestors in High Places", The Montana Pioneer, https://montanapioneer.com/legends-of-the-star-people/

05-12-2022 om 21:58 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:MYSTERIES ( Fr, Nl, E)

USO passing nuclear submarine USS Hampton faster than the the speed of sound

Could Alien life be hiding underwater? Bob McGwier worked clandestine intelligence collection for years. In the video below he relays two stories of USOs, or unidentified submerged objects, while working classified ops.

The first account is while aboard the nuclear submarine USS Hampton while the sub was very deep behind enemy lines. The second encounter was aboard the LCC Blue Ridge Command ship while the ship was in the middle of a raging Typhoon!

One encounter took place in the 90s when the submarine USS Hampton was passed by a USO which travelled under water faster than the speed of sound

Not only the US Navy encountered USOs, the Russian Navy too. Vladimir Azhazha, former navy officer and a famous Russian UFO researcher, says fifty percent of UFO encounters are connected with oceans. Fifteen more – with lakes. So UFOs tend to stick to the water.

On one occasion a nuclear submarine, which was on a combat mission in the Pacific Ocean, detected six unknown objects. After the crew failed to leave behind their pursuers by maneuvering, the captain ordered to surface. The objects followed suit, took to the air, and flew away.

“On several occasions the instruments gave reading of material objects moving at incredible speed. Calculations showed speeds of about 230 knots, of 400 kph. Speeding so fast is a challenge even on the surface. But water resistance is much higher. It was like the objects defied the laws of physics. There’s only one explanation: the creatures who built them far surpass us in development.”

Navy intelligence veteran, Captain 1st rank Igor Barklay comments: “Ocean UFOs often show up wherever our or NATO’s fleets concentrate. Near Bahamas, Bermudas, Puerto Rico. They are most often seen in the deepest part of the Atlantic Ocean, in the southern part of the Bermuda Triangle, and also in the Caribbean Sea.

Another place where people often report UFO encounters is Russia’s Lake Baikal, the deepest fresh water body in the world. Fishermen tell of powerful lights coming from the deep and objects flying up from the water.

In one case in 1982 a group of military divers training at Baikal spotted a group of humanoid creatures dressed in silvery suits. The encounter happened at a depth of 50 meters, and the divers tried to catch the strangers. Three of the seven men died, while four others were severely injured.

Wistleblower Edward Snowden revealed that deep-sea sonar signals are kept as official state secrets and the public are banned from accessing data about reported sightings of USO’s.

Could this be proof of a government cover-up surrounding extraterrestrial underwater activity?

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

05-12-2022 om 21:28 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Ross Coulthart: “I’m being told this [the UFO phenomenon] is future humans.”

Ross Coulthart is an investigative journalist who has written about various subjects such as Irish rebels and big pharmaceutical companies. He has received numerous awards, including the Golden Walkley, for his work. In his latest book In Plain Sight: An investigation into UFOs and impossible science (Amazon link here), he talks about an unidentified aerial phenomenon.

In his book, In Plain Sight, Ross Coulthart provides a comprehensive analysis of the evidence supporting UAP. He also talks about the nature of state deception and the technological implications of this phenomenon. He claims that some ancient ruins on Earth are not related to humans. Ross Coulthart was given “wacky” information that some ancient ruins belong to previous Earth civilizations not related to us.

Listen to the full episode of In Plain Sight (feat. Ross Coulthart) here.

05-12-2022 om 18:43 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Pentagon’s UFO task force briefed Canadian military officials this year!

Pentagon-1

In February, members of the Pentagon’s UFO Task Force briefed Canada’s military officials about the latest sightings of unidentified flying objects. The briefing, which was led by an intelligence officer from the US Air Force, was conducted as part of a larger investigation into the growing number of reported sightings of UFOs.

A document released by the Pentagon on November 14 states that the briefing was delivered by members of the UAP Task Force, and it was attended by a group of 10 Canadian defense officials. These include personnel from Canada’s Royal Canadian Air Force and the country’s intelligence agency.

The document provided few details about the nature of the briefing. Susan Gough, a spokesperson for the US Department of Defense, said that the officials briefed the Canadian officials about the latest sightings of unidentified flying objects. The meeting was part of the US’ ongoing partnership with Canada on airspace security.

The Canadian Department of National Defense was unable to provide any comment on the meeting. James Bezan, a member of the opposition Conservative party, said that it was clear that the UAP Task Force wanted to work with the government of Canada. He noted that any attempt to downplay the data or the reports would be unacceptable.

As a member of Parliament for Manitoba’s Selkirk-Interlake-Eastman region, Bezan noted that Canada should follow the US’ lead and investigate the UAP phenomenon. He said that the government should create a scientific plan to identify the nature and origins of the objects.

The Conservative party also noted that the government should establish a comprehensive process to collect reports related to the UAP phenomenon. This should be done through a single, centralized approach that would involve all of the government’s departments and contractors.

In response to a question from Larry Maguire, a member of Parliament from the Conservative party, the Department of National Defense stated that the country’s military doesn’t typically investigate reports of unidentified flying objects outside of the scope of its regular operations. In 2016, at least four cases reportedly met this criterion. Details about the briefing about the latest sightings of UFOs were revealed in a November 14 response to a question from the member of Parliament.

In response to a question from Larry Maguire, a member of Parliament from the Conservative party, the Department of National Defense stated that the country’s military doesn’t typically investigate reports of unidentified flying objects outside of the scope of its regular operations. However, it did acknowledge a briefing that was held in February. The briefing was part of the US’ ongoing partnership with Canada on airspace security.

It’s now confirmed the RCAF and the Canadian Forces Intelligence Command received a briefing from multiple UAP Task Force officials.

Since becoming an MP in 2013, Larry Maguire has been a vocal proponent of transparency regarding the UAP phenomenon on Parliament Hill. Through his committee work, he has been able to gather information from former US officials. On Tuesday, he noted that the government has a good idea of how it should start investigating the matter.

In response to a question from Larry Maguire, a member of Parliament from the Conservative party, the Department of National Defense stated that the country’s military doesn’t typically investigate reports of unidentified flying objects outside of the scope of its regular operations. On Tuesday, he noted that he has asked the chief science advisor of Canada to launch a study regarding the UAP phenomenon. In an October 21 letter, Dr. Mona Nemer stated that her team has been informed about the various initiatives being conducted in the US related to the phenomenon.

The briefing, which was held in February 2022, was led by Daniel Simpson, the National Intelligence Manager of the US for Aviation. He has a mandate to lead the Intelligence Community’s efforts to identify and analyze threats and vulnerabilities within the air domain.

Daniel Simpson’s office collaborated with the UAP Task Force and other agencies in June 2021 to produce a report that provided a comprehensive analysis of the various incidents involving the UAP phenomenon. The report, which was publicly available, showed that the US military received 143 reports of unidentified flying objects from 2004 to 2021. Many of these incidents involved objects that appeared to move rapidly or abruptly.

The UAP Task Force was established in 2020 by the Department of Defense to study the nature and origins of the objects. It has since been reformed and is now known as the All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office. Although officials have found no evidence suggesting that the objects are extraterrestrial, they are still trying to find out why people have reported seeing them.

During a hearing held in May 2022 on the UAP phenomenon, Ronald Moultrie, the UAP office’s head, said that the military service members have reported seeing the objects. He noted that the office is open to any possible conclusions that it can come up with. NASA also announced that it is planning on launching a study regarding the matter.

For over 70 years, members of Canada’s military have been filing reports about sightings of the flying objects. According to a report by Canada’s CTV News, former Defense Minister Harjit Sajjan was briefed about the UAP phenomenon in May 2021. Then, in May 2022, Transport Minister Omar Alghabra was briefed about the phenomenon.

Over the years, various organizations, such as Air Canada, WestJet, Porter Airlines, and Delta Air Lines, have also reported experiencing similar sightings. Unfortunately, most of these incidents don’t lead to follow-up investigations. The information collected by Transport Canada, which operates an online database that allows aviation officials to monitor incidents, contains only preliminary data.

#ufo #aliens #caughtoncamera

05-12-2022 om 18:31 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 05/12/2022

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 05/12/2022

See Artemis 1 spacecraft 3500 miles away from moon ahead of crucial burn

NASA's Artemis 1 Orion spacecraft will perform an engine burn when it's just 79 miles (128 kilometers) above the lunar surface on Dec. 5, 2022. Here is a time-lapse shortly before the burn when the spacecraft was about 3,500 miles from the moon.

Credit: NASA | time-lapse by Space.com's [Steve Spaleta]

(https://twitter.com/stevespaleta)

UFO Disappears into Thin Air! Incredible Moments Caught on Camera

9 Incredible UFO Moments Caught on Camera. Unidentified Flying Objects aka UFO’s have held our imagination for decades now. But why it is gaining a little more legitimacy than usual is the fact the military and the intelligence community is onboard. Over the past few years, they have come forward and basically said these are real sightings, not computer glitches, not misidentification. Real objects are being seen and are being captured by instruments. We have not heard that kind of thing before in the past. And while we still wait for the government to release the reports, let’s look at some of the strangest sightings that top minds of the country are analyzing as you watch this.

0:00 Texas UFO Sighting
1:31 UAP Found by the Chilean Military
3:16 Cube-Shaped UFO
4:30 Mysterious Orbs Over the Pacific Ocean
Strangest UFO Sighting of 2022
UFO Split in Two Shape Shifting
UFO UFO Spotted on 4th of July
Glowing UFO

The Lost Cities of the Amazon Have Been Discovered! - What Was Found?

One of the last great natural spaces on the planet, the Amazon rainforest embodies the green lungs of the earth. It has long been suspected that the thicket of the jungle is not just home to exotic animals and fascinating plants: from the sparkling Eldorado to the mystical City Z, the jungle is said to hide some of the most enigmatic secrets of mankind.

What is often dismissed as a fictitious fairy tale was recently given new fuel: Because the experts in the Amazon rainforest actually discovered something that not even the missing explorer Percy Fawcett would have dared to dream of! You want to know what the background of this archaeological sensation is all about? Then watch to the end!

#TheUnknownList

NASA’s Artemis I Mission Return Trip Lunar Flyby

On Dec. 5, NASA will air the lunar flyby of the Orion spacecraft on its return trek toward Earth. Orion completed a burn Dec. 1 to exit a lunar orbit thousands of miles beyond the Moon, where engineers have been testing systems to improve understanding of the spacecraft before future missions with astronauts. The return powered flyby burn, in which the spacecraft will harness the Moon’s gravity and accelerate back toward Earth, is expected at 11:43 a.m. (1643 UTC) The spacecraft is expected to fly about 79 miles above the lunar surface at 11:42 a.m. (16:42 UTC) just before the burn.

Orion launched aboard the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket at 1:47 am EST (0647 UTC) on Nov. 16 from historic Launch Complex 39B at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center. Orion entered a distant retrograde orbit on at 4:52 p.m. EST (2152 UTC) on Nov. 25, where the spacecraft has been testing systems in a deep space environment.

The Artemis I mission is the first integrated test of NASA’s deep space exploration systems: the Orion spacecraft, the SLS rocket, and Kennedy Space Center ground systems.

More:

https://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis-i

Credit: NASA

Uh Oh, Artemis I Experienced a Few Problems So Far, Here Are The Details

Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about the issues that Artemis I has been going through.

Links:

https://blogs.nasa.gov/artemis/

#artemis #nasa #moon

What Is Distant Retrograde Orbit, And Why Is Artemis 1 Using It?

Artemis I flew beyond the Moon into a Distant Retrograde orbit, this is a special orbit which appears to orbit the moon backwards at a distance beyond the moon's lagrange points. The orbit requires low delta-V to reach and is stable over long periods, however, it regularly passes through regions where the Moon eclipses the Sun or the Earth, which is why NRHO is preferred for the Lunar Gateway.

Moon features explained as Artemis 1 approaches for crucial engine burn

NASA's Artemis 1 Orion spacecraft will perform an engine burn when it's just 79 miles (128 kilometers) above the lunar surface on Dec. 5, 2022. NASA's deputy Apollo curator Julianne Gross explains the lunar feature you're seeing during approach.

Credit: NASA

The Most Jaw Dropping Sights In Our Universe | Cosmic Vistas Season 4 Compilation | Spark

Thanks to the invention of spaceflight, the drive to explore are leading us upward and outward - off of our own planet and out into the solar system where a host of alien worlds offers us vast new terrain to uncover. This visually breath-taking series offers a new perspective on our solar system. Through beautiful HD imagery, audiences will not only be taken to places they have never been to, but they will get an immersive experience of places they could never go.

If There's a Ring Around the Sun, Better Get Indoors

Everything about sundogs, lunar halos, ice halos, parhelia, and circumzenithal arcs. Sponsored by Ridge Wallet.

Use the link https://ridge.com/astrum/ to get the best offer of up to 40% off until Dec 22nd.

Artemis 1 spacecraft moves to configure solar array wings for crucial engine burn

NASA's Artemis 1 Orion spacecraft will perform an engine burn when it's just 79 miles (128 kilometers) above the lunar surface on Dec. 5, 2022. See the spacecraft move to configure the solar array wings for the burn.

Credit: NASA

SpaceX's Falcon Heavy Launch Shocked NASA Scientists!

Brian Cox - Is The Whole Universe Inside a Black Hole?

Subscribe to Science Time: https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24

Professor Brian Cox explains the science behind black holes and the beginning of the universe. Virtually all cosmologists and theoretical physicists endorse the idea that our universe started with the Big Bang. However, problems with dark matter, dark energy, and cosmic expansion have some astronomers rethinking what we know about the early universe.

Our Universe appears to be expanding and cooling, having originated some 13.8 billion years ago in a hot Big Bang. However, it's plausible that what we see from inside our Universe is simply the result of being inside a black hole. This is one of the most fascinating, and yet least discussed, possibilities in modern physics.

Brian Cox and James Beacham discuss the possibility of our whole universe existing inside a black hole.

#universe #science #sciencetime

{https://www.youtube.com/ }

05-12-2022 om 18:13 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Alien Figure Hidden In NASA Photo Of Eagle Nebula, UFO Sighting News

For NASA link, its on my youtube video, in the about description.

I finally got around to making that video of this nebula. At the NASA site, they have a close up photo of part of the Eagle Nebula. Its an area that they thought looked like a fairy, so they named it The Fairy of Eagle Nebula. Yeah, you heard me right, I found that this part of the nebula is a figure. The photo has to be cut in half from top to bottom then flipped and added to itself...making one whole figure. This gives us the full figure of the alien it was made after. Yes, I believe we are looking at the likeness of the alien species that created this nebula. They created it with a puzzle of sorts hidden within it. Perhaps to demonstrate their higher intelligence than other species that cannot see the hidden figure. You know...like Leonardo Da Vinci hiding secret symbols and messages within his paintings. Its alien art, its meant to be viewed using a higher IQ than humans are suppose to have...humanity is not suppose to be able to see these or understand them. Its wearing a samurai type of armor. Humans made Mount Rushmore made from a entire mountain of stone...so you see, everyone likes to leave their mark for future generations, its just these aliens did it on a whole new level. Do you remember I was talking about different civilization levels last week? Humanity still has not reached a type 1 civilization level yet, but what we are looking at is an alien figure in a nebula made by a type 5 civilization...which can manipulate space and time, basically, godly in every way.

Scott C. Waring

05-12-2022 om 01:24 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:MYSTERIES ( Fr, Nl, E)

World Govts Hide 13 Crystal Skulls True Origins, Joe Rogan And Dan Aykroyd Discuss It, UFO Sighting News.

Here is a great discussion between UFO researcher Dan Aykroyd and Joe Rogan about how 13 crystal skulls true origins were hidden by the world governments and currency give a german credit for making the fakes and distributing them worldwide. Even though the skulls were found many decades apart and each in a different country, they are continually discredited by the scientists working for the museums which are influenced by the gov to say what they are told to say about them.

Nikola Tesla, who has extensive FBI files visible at the FBI website which state his family was from Venus and came to earth to help humanity, but in turn had to accept human lifespan limits. The FBI documents also state that agents visiting Tesla encountered people who said they were from Venus and came to discuss some of his designs.

"In crystal we have a pure evidence of the existence of a formative life principle, and although in spite of everything we cannot understand the life of crystals - it is still a living being." - Nikola Tesla, 1900

All in all, I too have visited the main crystal skull in the British Museum some years ago and can say, it has a presence, and aura around it, you cant see, but you can feel it. There is static energy within it that seems to connect with those around it. 100% alien in origin.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

05-12-2022 om 01:16 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:MYSTERIES , Complot Theories, ed ( EN, FR, NL )

Perfect Disk Cloud Over Asturias, Spain Nov 27, 2022, Photos, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Nov 27, 2022

Location of sighting: Asturias, Spain

Source: IG at https://www.instagram.com/p/Clb8h_nJepQ/

A huge UFO flew over Spain last week almost unnoticed as it few incredibly low and close to the ground. The one mile craft was cloaked so that its surface looked like it was made of cloud, when in reality, its just its technological ability to cloak. An alien craft this big could easily carry thousands of aliens onboard.

Why do aliens hide the craft this way? Because they don't want to be responsible for causing a panic, and yet they want to get humans use to large objects of unusual shape in the sky...desensitizing the public so that on the day they see a UFO clearly, they wont panic.

This is how aliens do things. I'm just in awe that a one mile spacecraft that travels the universe could so easily changes its surface appearance into clouds and everyone still thinks its a cloud.

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

#space #alien #tabbysstar

05-12-2022 om 00:30 geschreven door peter

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04-12-2022

Irregular moving UFO in space! VIDEO!

Check out this interesting UFO footage of irregular moving objects in space – filmed from Spain. Author of the YouTube video said: “I watch the night sky a lot with my LUNA Optics camera and am always hoping to see something that doesn’t move in a straight line. Well, here it is!”

This was filmed on 17th November 2022.

04-12-2022 om 21:52 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

80 years ago: The Royal Air Force was UFOs in the sky above Europe

foo-fighters-ufo

Although they may not have been called “Foo Fighters,” the members of the Royal Air Force spotted and reported strange objects flying over Europe for about two years before the American pilots who made the phenomenon famous named them.

One of the first reported sightings happened on November 28, 1942, during a raid on a Turin engine works. A Lancaster bomber from RAF Syerston was flying over northern Italy when it spotted a massive torpedo-shaped object. According to the report submitted by the crew, the object was about 200-300 feet long.

The objects, which were flying at speeds of around 500 mph, were equipped with four red lights that were spaced along their body. They didn’t appear like exhaust flames.

The report stated that the massive object was spotted twice, the first time around 11,000 feet and the second time around five minutes later as it flew along a valley in the Alps. The pilot who spotted it said that similar objects were flying north of Amsterdam around three months earlier. No.5 Group’s commander, Air Vice Marshal Alec Coryton, received the report and sent it to Bomber Command HQ for further analysis.

Details of the August 1942 incident were presented in a report released by the Operational Research Section on December 26, 1942.

The report was sent by the crew of a Lancaster bomber. Despite the usual jokes about their experience, the members of the crew refused to be shaken by the incident.

The aircraft that was involved in the incident was an Avro Lancaster Mk.II bomber from No. 61 Squadron. It was flying over northern Italy on November 28, 1942.

The report was sent to No.5 Group’s HQ. It was from the commander of RAF Syerston. The strange object was spotted by the crew of the aircraft on November 28.

In December 1942, it is highly unlikely that the Germans built an airship that flew slowly and lumbered across the Italian Alps. In any case, the reported object’s speed was way over that of an operational machine at that time. Its size also exceeded that of any conventional aircraft that Germany had successfully tested by the end of that year.

The strange objects flying over northern Italy at that time remain unexplained. In February 1944, another group of bomber crews spotted two cigar-shaped objects near Koblenz and an over Aachen. These objects were referred to in reports submitted by Bomber Command.

UFO reports about cigar-shaped objects became a common feature during the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. These types of objects could also be described in similar fashion to the Tic-Tacs of the modern era.

According to intelligence documents held in London’s National Archives, the objects were spotted by RAF bombers as early as August 1942. The objects were described as rocket-like and appeared to be flying toward the aircraft. Details about the incident were presented in an operational research report released by Bomber Command.

One of the objects was described as a bright white light that rose from the ground and flew at an altitude of 8,000 feet for around two minutes. Some of the crew members noted that it appeared to have a zig-zag pattern before it changed course.

The incident occurred around six months before Germany started testing its first surface-to-air missiles. This was well outside the testing facilities at Peenemnde, which were located on the Baltic coast.

In November 1944, American pilots began referring to the UFOs as “Foo Fighters.” By then, Bomber Command’s Operational Research Section had started to investigate what was happening in the skies over Europe.

The pilots believed that the objects were moving fast and that no aircraft was spotted. They also noted that the objects did not appear to have fire.

Although the incidents in August and November 1942 were the first reported sightings of UFOs in Europe, other strange sightings were also reported in the region. One of these was in March 1942, when a Polish pilot reported seeing an orange object flying toward his plane as it wasreturning from a raid on Essen.

After the war, Sobiski went to Canada. In the 1960s, he talked about the incident and revealed that he ordered his tail gunner to open fire on the UFO. However, he noted that the object was not able to withstand the machine-gun fire.

According to the pilot, the bullets in the object stayed put as they flew toward his plane for around two minutes. After that, the object changed its direction and flew toward the plane’s port side. It stayed there for about 200 yards.

The nose turret gunner of the plane, Krzysztof Grabowski, then started shooting at what he thought was a German fighter plane. Unfortunately, no damage was reported on the object. However, the object changed its direction and moved ahead of the plane. Grabowski continued firing at the UFO for a second time.

After a couple of minutes, the object disappeared as it flew over occupied Europe. It shot off at a 45 degree angle and disappeared.

Upon returning to base, Sobiski was informed that another plane had also spotted the UFO. However, no official report about the incident was made. The mission records of the squadron did not contain a record of the incident.

Further research has revealed that similar sightings were also reported by Allied planes as early as March 1940. These incidents occurred just months before thLuftwaffe, which was Germany’s air force, started operating its first night-fighting units. Reports about sightings of what were described as glowing objects flying in the sky continued to be made throughout 1942.

During the war, the RAF experimented with developing airborne searchlights. However, their operational deployment was unsuccessful and troublesome. Germany, on the other hand, did not try to develop a similar system. Instead, they relied on radar technology to develop their ground-based searchlight batteries and anti-aircraft guns.

It’s not clear what the objects were, or if they were lights that were attached to an aircraft.

In a report released in 1940, an unidentified plane was described as carrying searchlights. However, since Germany did not try to develop these systems, the exact nature of the object was not known.

During the Second World War, the crew members of bomber planes were not exactly sure what they were seeing. Germany also did not deploy surface-to-air missiles during the war. Although they experimented with this technology, they were never able to produce operational systems.

In December 1944, Germany’s first operational jet fighters took off at night. However, until the end of the war, they were still mainly stationed in Berlin. They were not able to account for the numerous sightings that occurred throughout that year.

Over the years, researchers have generally accepted the notion that Kenneth Arnold’s encounter with an unidentified flying object in the Pacific Northwest in 1947 was the beginning of the modern UFO phenomenon. However, it’s becoming more clear that other similar sightings were also reported by aircrew members around five years before his encounter with the object.

04-12-2022 om 21:38 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:UFOs , UAPs , USOS

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 04/12/2022

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 04/12/2022

Cube Shaped UFO Takes Off And A Semi-Translucent UFO Streaks Across The Sky! Give Me Your Opinion.

Cubed Shaped UFO Hovers And Then Takes Off Also We Have A Sky A Watcher Who Rec A Cloaked Craft Could It Be The Invisible Jet Pegasus Or More Likely Is It That The Sun Is Reflecting? You Decide!

See China's Shenzhou 14 crew land back on Earth in these highlights

China's Shenzhou 14 spacecraft carrying astronauts Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe landed at the Dongfeng landing site in north China's Inner Mongolia on Dec. 3, 2022.

Credit: China Central Television (CCTV)

Ancient Aliens: Government Covers Up Secret Roswell Files

Top secret government files show that there might be more information regarding Roswell that's been covered up. See more in this clip from "Aliens and the United States."

This Is What James Webb Saw Near The Edge Of The Universe!

Humans have always been insanely curious. About literally everything!
Curiosity is what keeps us inspired, and makes us capable of incredible things.
We are born curious: we are explorers. We always want to know more about the place we live in and about who we really are.

That’s how Colombus found America. That’s how Neil Armstrong got to walk on the moon.
That’s also how we were able to conceive, design, and finally launch the James Webb Space Telescope, the most incredible space telescope ever built.
We built it because we want to know what was before us.
Because we want to know what will be after us.
And because we are insanely curious about what is happening right now, while we are alive here, on this apparently normal planet called Earth, and not elsewhere.
This telescope is already history.
And it will become one of the fundamental pieces of the puzzle of humanity.
But is it really this fundamental? What are his characteristics? What has it discovered so far?
And what can we expect from it?

Follow me in this video to find out the answers to these questions and more.
I promise you will be blown away.

What Now? Massive Alien Structure Shows Up Around a Star

ASA Telescope’s Discovery of Aliens Megastructure Around a Mysterious Star will Change Everything. NASA’s Kepler telescope first noticed the mysterious dipping in the star’s brightness, at random intervals between 2011 and 2013. Tabby's Star, nestled 1300 light-years away, in the constellation Cygnus. At first glance, this star looks like any other normal yellow-white dwarf. However, once we started observing it, we noticed that its dimming is wild and mysterious.

0:00 Extraterrestrial Contact

2:05 The Mysterious Star and Strange Dippings

4:13 An Alien Megastructure

5:47 Alien Civilizations Communicating with Tabby's Star

RELATED

Spirit Face Filmed Looking Through The Basement Window Of Oxford Castle & Prison In Oxford, England

While recording when carrying out a paranormal investigation at Oxford Castle. This face at the window and shadow figure was captured on video leaving this paranormal investigation team running for the hills.

Thanks to Stuart James Author for allowing me the use of their footage and to view the original: https://www.reddit.com/r/TheHorrorCha...

New Incredible Discovery under Antarctica Shocks All Scientists!

Have you always wanted to know what almost unbelievable secrets are really hidden under the eternal ice of Antarctica? Then you are lucky that you clicked on our video today! From impossible creatures to the Antarctic jungle to secret underwater worlds, we show you which amazing creatures and structures are really dormant at the South Pole.

#TheUnknownList

Scientists Just Announced They Discovered Something Terrifying In Andromeda Galaxy!

Scientists Just Announced They Discovered Something Terrifying In The Andromeda Galaxy! There’s something massive and dangerous lurking in space, very very close to us. Something with a dark hidden past that has only recently been uncovered. An astronomical object that has not just been stealing stars from nearby galaxies, but devouring them.

Like a kind of galactic cannibalism.

#nasa #andromeda #space

04-12-2022 om 21:07 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

48,500 year old zombie virus revived from siberian permafrost, 'What Could Go Wrong'?

48,500 years old Zombie Virus Resurrected In French Lab..As the world warms up, vast tranches of permafrost are melting, releasing material that's been trapped in its icy grip for years. This includes a slew of microbes that have lain dormant for hundreds of millennia in some cases.

To study the emerging microbes, scientists have now revived a number of these "zombie viruses" from Siberian permafrost, including one thought to be nearly 50,000 years old – a record age for a frozen virus returning to a state capable of infecting other organisms.

The team behind the work, led by microbiologist Jean-Marie Alempic from the French National Centre for Scientific Research, says these reanimating viruses are potentially a significant threat to public health, and further study needs to be done to assess the danger that these infectious agents could pose as they awake from their icy slumber.

"One quarter of the Northern Hemisphere is underlain by permanently frozen ground, referred to as permafrost," write the researchers in their paper.

"Due to climate warming, irreversibly thawing permafrost is releasing organic matter frozen for up to a million years, most of which decompose into carbon dioxide and methane, further enhancing the greenhouse effect."

The 48,500-year-old amoeba virus is actually one of 13 outlined in a new study currently in preprint, with nine of them thought to be tens of thousands of years old. The researchers established that each one was distinct from all other known viruses in terms of their genome.

While the record-breaking virus was found beneath a lake, other extraction locations included mammoth wool and the intestines of a Siberian wolf – all buried beneath permafrost. Using live single-cell amoeba cultures, the team proved that the viruses still had the potential to be infectious pathogens.

We're also seeing huge numbers of bacteria released into the environment as the world warms up, but given the antibiotics at our disposal it might be argued they would prove less threatening. A novel virus – as with SARS-CoV-2 – could be much more problematic for public health, especially as the Arctic becomes more populated.

"The situation would be much more disastrous in the case of plant, animal, or human diseases caused by the revival of an ancient unknown virus," write the researchers.

"It is therefore legitimate to ponder the risk of ancient viral particles remaining infectious and getting back into circulation by the thawing of ancient permafrost layers."

This team has form for diligently digging up viruses in Siberia, with a previous study detailing the discovery of a 30,000-year-old virus. Like the new record holder, that was also a pandoravirus, a giant big enough to be visible using light microscopy.

The revived virus has been given the name Pandoravirus yedoma, which acknowledges its size and the type of permafrost soil that it was found in. The researchers think there are many more viruses to find too, beyond those that only target amoebas.

Many of the viruses that will be released as the ice thaws will be completely unknown to us – although it remains to be seen how infectious these viruses will be once they're exposed to the light, heat and oxygen of the outdoor environment. These are all areas that could be investigated in future studies.

Virologist Eric Delwart from the University of California, San Francisco, agrees that these giant viruses are just the start when it comes to exploring what lies hidden beneath the permafrost. Though Delwart wasn't involved in the current study, he has plenty of experience resuscitating ancient plant viruses.

"If the authors are indeed isolating live viruses from ancient permafrost, it is likely that the even smaller, simpler mammalian viruses would also survive frozen for eons."

04-12-2022 om 00:00 geschreven door peter

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03-12-2022

Massive eruption from icy volcanic comet detected in solar system

By Harry Baker

Astronomers observed a major eruption from a volcanic comet flying through the solar system, likely spewing more than 1 million tons of debris into space.

An artist's impression of a comet flying through space trailed by twin streams of gas and dust.

(Image credit: Shutterstock)

A bizarre, volcanic comet has violently erupted, spewing out more than 1 million tons of gas, ice and the "potential building blocks of life" into the solar system.

The volatile comet, known as 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann (29P), is around 37 miles (60 kilometers) wide and takes around 14.9 years to orbit the sun. 29P is believed to be the most volcanically active comet in the solar system. It is one of around 100 comets, known as "centaurs," that have been pushed from the Kuiper Belt — a ring of icy comets that lurk beyond Neptune — into a closer orbit around the sun between those of Jupiter and Neptune, according to NASA(opens in new tab)

On Nov. 22, an amateur astronomer named Patrick Wiggins noticed that 29P had drastically increased in brightness, according to Spaceweather.com(opens in new tab). Subsequent observations made by other astronomers revealed that this spike in luminosity was the result of a massive volcanic eruption — the second largest seen on 29P in the last 12 years, according to the British Astronomical Association(opens in new tab) (BAA). The largest eruption during this time was a huge outburst in September 2021.

An eruption of this size is "pretty rare," Cai Stoddard-Jones(opens in new tab), a doctoral candidate at Cardiff University in the U.K. who took a follow-up image of 29P's eruption, told Live Scence. "It's [also] difficult to say why this one is so big.".

The explosion was followed by two smaller outbursts on Nov. 27 and Nov. 29, according to BAA.

Related:

Watch the biggest-ever comet outburst spray dust across the cosmos

Unlike volcanoes on Earth, which eject scalding-hot magma and ash from the mantle, 29P spits out extremely cold gases and ice from its core. This unusual type of volcanic activity is known as cryovolcanism, or "cold volcanism."

Cryovolcanic bodies, which include a handful of other comets and moons in the solar system such as Saturn's Enceladus, Jupiter's Europa and Neptune's Triton, have a surface crust surrounding a mainly solid icy core, Richard Miles(opens in new tab), a BAA astronomer who has studied 29P, told Live Science. Over time, radiation from the sun can cause the comets' icy interiors to sublime from solid to gas, which causes a buildup of pressure beneath the crust. When radiation from the sun also weakens the crust, that pressure causes the outer shell to crack, and cryomagma shoots out into space.

An infrared image of the coma and tail of comet 29P captured by the Spitzer Space Telescope after an eruption on Dec. 8 2003.

(Image credit: NASA/Spitzer Space Telescope )

The cryomagma from comets like 29P is mainly composed of carbon monoxide and nitrogen gas, as well as some icy solids and liquid hydrocarbons, which "may have provided some of the raw materials from which life originated on Earth," NASA representatives wrote.

The ejecta from the most recent eruption of 29P stretched up to 34,800 miles (56,000 km) away from the comet and is traveling at speeds of up to 805 mph (1,295 km/h), according to BAA. The plume "probably comprised more than one million tons of ejecta," Miles added.

Photographs of the erupting comet also show that the plume formed an irregular Pac-Man-like shape, which suggests the eruption originated from a single point or region on the comet's surface, according to Spaceweather.com.

These observations back up previous research that suggests 29P's eruptions are linked to its rotation. Miles and Stoddard-Jones believe that the comet's slower rotation causes solar radiation to absorb more unevenly on the comet, triggering the eruptions. So far eruptions from the comet tend to match up with its 57-day rotation period, the researchers said.

Related:

Volcanic eruptions on the moon happened much more recently than we thought

Researchers also suspect that 29P's most explosive eruptions follow a cycle based on its orbit around the sun. A number of large eruptions were detected between 2008 and 2010, and now two massive explosions have occurred within the last two years, Miles said. It is therefore likely that there will be least one more major eruption from 29P by the end of 2023, he added.

The roughly circular orbit of 29P (in white) around the sun.

(Image credit: NASA/JPL Small-Body Database Browser)

However, it is less clear how this longer eruption cycle is occurring, because unlike most other comets, which get closer to the sun during a specific period of their orbits, 29P has a largely circular orbit, meaning it never gets much closer to the sun than its average distance, Stoddard-Jones said.

RELATED STORIES

29P has largely been ignored by the astronomical community since its discovery in 1927, but as new evidence emerges about its unusual volcanic activity it is starting to be taken more seriously, Miles said. "Clearly there is something new to be discovered in studying 29P."

The James Webb Space Telescope is scheduled to take a closer look at 29P early next year, he added.

{ https://www.livescience.com/ }

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02-12-2022

Planet-killing stars can cover up their crimes. Here's how we could catch them.

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Exceptional Discovery Of Ancient Fresco Depicting Mythological Scenes In Peru

Jan Bartek - AncientPages.com

Archaeologists report they have made an exceptional discovery in Peru. An ancient fresco that has been lost for over a century has been rediscovered. Scientists have previously seen the fresco depicting mythological scenes in old black-and-white photographs, and now researchers can study the ancient drawings in detail at the site.

"It's an exceptional discovery, first of all, because it is rare to unearth wall paintings of such quality in pre-Colombian archeology," said Sam Ghavami, the Swiss archeologist who led excavations that uncovered the mural in October.

The pre-Hispanic fresco "Huaca pintada", in northern Peru, had not been seen in a century.

Credit: AFP

Ghavami spent four years looking for the rock painting, which he believes could be around 1,000 years old, with a team of Peruvian students.

"The composition of this painting is unique in the history of mural art in pre-Hispanic Peru," added the archaeologist, who trained at the University of Freiburg in Germany.

The ancient uncovered mural is about 30 meters (98 feet) long and forms a part of the “Huaca pintada” temple, which belonged to the Moche civilization that flourished from the 1st to 8th century. Famous for its ceramic art, the Moche people, the Moon, the rain, iguanas, and spiders. Their ancient beliefs and artistic skills are reflected in the newly discovered, extremely well-preserved mural that has images in blue, brown, red, white, and mustard yellow paint.

A procession os ancient warriors heading toward a birdlike deity is visible in one part of the mural.

The mural is part of the "Huaca pintada" temple which belonged to the Moche civilisation that flourished from the 1st to 8th century.

Credit: AFP

The painted images "appear to be inspired by the idea of a sacred hierarchy built around a cult of ancestors and their intimate links with the forces of nature," Ghavami told the AFP.

He told AFP that deciphering the mural's message would form part of his research. Still, he believes it "could be interpreted as a metaphorical image of the political and religious order of the region's ancient inhabitants."

Until now, archeologists had only seen the "Huaca pintada" fresco in old black and white photographs.

Credit: AFP

As reported by the AFP, "the discovery is also unusual as it shows a mixture of styles and elements of two pre-Incan cultures: the Moche and the Lambayeque, who lived on Peru's north coast between 900 and 1350 AD.

The mural's existence was only known via black and white photos taken in 1916 by the German ethnologist Hans Heinrich Bruning, who was living in Peru when he heard of the site after treasure hunters tried to loot it, but found nothing of value.

See also: More Archaeology News

As the years went on, thick foliage took over, and no one had tried to look for the paintings until it piqued Ghavami's interest and he went in search of the long-lost fresco.

However, first he had a long battle to obtain permission from the family who own the land where the mural was found."

Written by Jan Bartek - AncientPages.com Staff Writer

Archaeologists find ancient Peruvian fresco, lost for a century

An undated aerial picture shows the archeological site where a pre-Hispanic wall painting with mythological scenes was uncovered near the Lambayeque town of Illimo in northern Peru, after decades it was considered lost by archaeologists.

AFP pic

{ https://www.ancientpages.com/ }

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Filer’s Files Dec.1 2022 - UFOs Disable U.S. Nuclear Missiles - PART I

Monroeville , New Jersey on September 15, 2022

Filer’s Files Dec.1 2022 - UFOs Disable U.S. Nuclear Missiles - PART I

Major George A. Filer III ret. USAF

New Jersey State Director

MUFON Eastern Region Director

Special reports are: UFOs Disable U.S. Nuclear Missiles, ISS Attracts UFOs, Mountain Base in Nepal, Alien Hitchhiker Effect , Photo from Apollo 11 Moon flight of Alien Craft, ‘Naked Alien’ Photographed, B-21 Raider, We Can Modify the Weather, Greska Carbon 60, and Strange Craft.

Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over California, Florida, Maine, Maryland, Midwest, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Tennessee ,and Washington.

Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Australia, Canada, Estonia, France, and England in the United Kingdom.

Forward these files to your friends and neighbors. Like my site? Spread the word!

Special Reports

UFOs Disable U.S. Nuclear Missiles

Captain Robert Silas

At the MUFON Conference I had a nice talk with Captain Robert Silas who was one of six former Air Force officers and a former enlisted man stepped forward in Washington last September to say that they’d seen or had been directly involved with UFO sightings at Malmstrom and F. E. Warren nuclear missile sites.

These sightings began at the dawn of the Cold War and continued through the 1970s. At this press conference, organized by UFO researcher Robert Hastings, these men told the media that they were encouraged not to speak of these sightings by their superiors, and in some cases, were required to sign secrecy oaths. Robert Silas who I talked with on Sunday, told me, he felt the UFOs were able to attack and knock out 800 kiloton nuclear missiles ”

He was able to obtain formally classified data about the sighting and cold now tell what happened on March 16, 1967, he was 60 feet below ground working a 24-hour shift monitoring a launch-control center outfitted with 10 nuclear Minuteman missiles. They were in charge of ten Minuteman Missile which each had an 8 Kiloton nuclear weapon.

Minuteman One Missile

“I got a call from the topside guard, telling me they were watching some strange red lights flying around in the sky, making odd maneuvers. They didn’t think they were airplanes because they were going amazingly fast, turning on a dime and not making a bit of noise.” Salas, the co-author of “Faded Giant”, was a first lieutenant in 1967, serving as a missile-launch officer while stationed at Malmstrom Air Force Base in Montana with Minuteman missiles. The security Police were very frightened of the UFO Activity. It was a critical situation. The missile lights turned from green to red indicating the missiles were undauntable. All our missiles were disabled, every single one of them. The missiles could not be launched if needed. This was an explicable situation. Salas thought we were under some sort of attack. There were no electrical problems but the ten Minuteman 1 missiles could not be launched.

It was definitely a UFO that shut down our missiles” It was right over our facility. Aliens Stop Nukes? |. Nick Pope investigates the story of nuclear missiles shutting down unexpectedly at the same time UFOs appear above an Air Force base. Only something unknown and very strange could disable the missiles. I believe it must have been extraterrestrial in its nature.

There was a critical situation with the Soviet Block five years after the Cuban Missile situation. The UFOs made no sound and had maneuverability far in advance of any earth tire craft, even if it were Soviet , I doubt they could shut our missiles down just flying above them. Salas worked for the Federal Aviation Administration in aircraft structures for 22 years and so he knows his aircraft and these were not normal aircraft. The electrical systems were not shut down in any way, and we had no electrical problems but something else shut down the missiles. Experts came into the area and examined the missiles for days trying to come up with reasons why the missiles failed. He Air Force and its contractors could not explain why these incidents happened. It was definitely a UFO that shut down our missiles. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwzBO3LsGSQ

ISS Attracts UFOs

August 4, 2016 at 10:55 am GMT

An Astronaut revealed that when a UFO was picked up by ground radar he was warned to pick up his camera and take a video of the upcoming UFO. The distance from the ISS is revealed and told to get ready to film. The object is now in sight moving so quickly passed that he misses the craft. NASA of course denies that there was a UFO, it was a spot on the window, some sort of debris, and any excuse that can be thought up.

John Lenard Walson invented a new gadget capable of extending his amateur telescope resolution.

John Lenard Walson invented a gadget capable of extending his telescope resolution

Why does the ISS turn off the feed to the camera every time something comes up that’s interesting? Seriously, if everything has a prosaic explanation, why are we turning off the feed? ‘What was that NASA engineer? There were dead zones and we lost contact with the ISS?’ Oh, really? Even when sharing an orbit with Starlink and other satellites? Okay. But, the cameras themselves don’t shut off, right? They keep recording in real-time and that data is downloaded when you reconnect. We talked to the ground video tech person who explained he was told to cut off the feed on any UFOs/UAPs/Spaceships.

John Lenard Walson invented a gadget capable of extending his telescope resolution. https://www.gofundme.com/f/2n6cp7w

I assume when you’re in space, on an ISS ship that’s got a skin of aluminum thinner than a tuna can, and even a paint chip in orbit could punch a hole in your life support system, or put a dent in your but the bulletproof glass- you might want to know what’s in orbit with you. There should be cameras facing everywhere off the station, which should be on 24/7 and you might want as many eyes scanning for objects as you can get! Not just four high-definition cameras, but fifty!

Has the International Space Station inadvertently caught sight of an “Interstellar” Space Station hovering nearby? Or is a blurry streak that UFO hunters have found in new NASA footage filmed out the window of the space station merely a window reflection? Let the most likely explanation win.

On Sept. 11, YouTube user Danie Doria posted footage from the ISS’s live camera feed, which streams over the Web. In his annotated footage, he points out a faint, elongated white shape with a neat row of faint white dots next to it set against the blackness of space just below the curve of the Earth.

Ufologist Marc D’Antonio, chief photo and video analyst for the Mutual UFO Network (MUFON), says, “Basically when you’re looking at any object, if there’s a window between you and the object, the window is always suspect. Your first move in trying to identify the object is to try to eliminate that it’s a reflection,” D’Antonio told Life’s Little Mysteries. By his reckoning, this video doesn’t make it past that first elimination round. For one thing, the object in question is in a different plane of focus from Earth, he said. A camera set to focus on maximum distance would capture both the Earth and any other faraway object in the same focal plane. This implies the white blur is actually not far away, but instead nearby: a reflection hitting the camera from the window inches in front of it. Second, the fact that this object raised no alarm bells with the ISS crew or ground control suggests they’ve seen it all before. “It was simply assumed by the ground control folks that this was a reflection in the window, because most of them are,” D’Antonio said. [7 Things Most Often Mistaken for UFOs].

Scott Waring was looking at the ISS live cam and captured this unusual large UFO near the ISS. I would estimate from its size that it’s about 500 meters away from the ISS and could easily be as large as the space station itself.

The simple fact that this glowing UFO was visible so long, over 1 minute, and then vanished behind the ISS shows us that the object is between the Earth and the space station and is not a reflection on the window of the ISS. This confirms without a doubt that something was out there.

Sorry for my computer cursor circling the object, but I was excited. At the end of the video, I put a close up of the UFO. It seems to have four round glowing parts to it. The ISS was on the dark side of the Earth and the UFO was between the ISS and Earth itself.

The astronauts were actually talking just 2 min before and after, but it was about the air-conditioning on the ISS and how to fix some units so I didn’t want to bore the viewers with that long wait. Reference: UFO Sightings Daily the area. Scott C. Waring www.ufosightingsdaily.com

Mountain Base in Nepal

Cave entrance at top of photo, lake at bottom. Location of sighting at Kang Tanga Himalaya Mountain, Nepal

Coordinates: 27°47’43.40″N 86°49’6.40″E

This is an excellent discovery by Mexico Geek of You tube. This is along the highest ridgeonly visible with high end digital equipment. Meaning this could be a entrance way for UFOs to enter and exit, but a holographic wall is created to cover up so no one will notice it. It’s actually on the wall of a cliff, so that not the direction any climber would take.
Second, Google may have deliberately covered up this area so that we cannot see a top-secret government military facility. There are newer and more secret bases located around the globe. UFOs are frequently seen in Nepal.

Alien Hitchhi ker Effect

Hitchhiker Effect

I n September 2008 the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) initiated a $22 million, two-year contract with Bigelow Aerospace Advanced Studies (BAASS) to scientifically study UFOs and their effects on humans. I n September 2008 the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) initiated a $22 million, two-year contract with Bigelow Aerospace Advanced Studies (BAASS) to scientifically study UFOs and their effects on humans using strange occurrences at the Skinwalker Ranch.. The Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP)^[1] was an unclassified but unpublicized investigatory effort funded by the United States Government to study unidentified flying objects (UFOs) or unexplained aerial phenomena (UAP).^[ The program was first made public on December 16, 2017 by the New York Times. One area of investigation initiated by AAWSAP involved the (in)famous Skinwalker Ranch where multiple UFO sightings had taken place over decades as well as a plethora of anomalies that included cattle mutilations, sightings of orbs of different colors, discarnate entities, underground disturbances, and poltergeist activity. The phenomenon of ranch visitors bringing something home with them became the rule. Even ranch owner and BAASS founder Robert Bigelow reported numerous anomalies and unusual activity in his home for years after visiting Skinwalker Ranch. There are strange abandoned tunnels, mines, caves, and UFOs in canyons in Skinwalker Ranch territory where unusual creatures and manufactured rare earths have been found possible part of a buried UFO.

All five DIA military personnel deployed to the ranch experienced profound anomalies while on the property, and more importantly, all five “brought something home” with them.

Skinwalker Ranch,

“But the Hitchhiker Effect is not unique to Skinwalker Ranch,” stated researcher Dr. Colm A. Kelleher. The AATIP research team found that even close encounters with UFOs in locations unrelated to Skinwalker Ranch produced a version of the Hitchhiker Effect. This was not always the case but did occur especially when the experiences were followed and regularly interviewed by the AAWSAP team over long periods of time. For example, biotechnologist Ron Becker and his daughter were travelling outside Bend Oregon in May 2005 when his daughter noticed three blue-colored objects moving randomly in a field close to the highway. The objects quickly flew towards the vehicle, one went in front, one went through the car and flew across the dashboard, and the third entered Ron Becker’s shoulder, maneuvered through his thoracic area, and exited his shoulder as his horrified daughter watched. Ron Becker subsequently came down with a constellation of medical symptoms. Becker’s daughter, although shocked and disturbed by the incident, was not medically injured. When she returned to the home in Connecticut that she shared with her three college roommates, a paranormal frenzy seemed to erupt in the home with her friends waking up to find dark shadowy humanoid figures crouching over their beds and extensive poltergeist activity in the home, especially heavy footsteps traipsing up and down the stairs at night. Becker or her college friends had never experienced any activity in that home prior to her close encounter with the blue orbs. Darren Ritson provides further evidence that poltergeist contagion is possibly quite common and underreported. Previous Evidence of Transmissibility in 1973, when Uri Geller was undergoing tests of his psychic abilities at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), a series of bizarre events began to unfold in the lab itself and at the homes of the scientists who were conducting the studies

As with Skinwalker Ranch visitors, many of the top secret researchers including Special Access Program (SAP) clearances that necessitated polygraph testing. Author Jim Schnabel, in his engaging history of American psychic spies (Schnabel, 1997), recounts the bizarre series of events that unfolded at the lab when scientists began to “measure” Uri Geller’s alleged psychic abilities. Writes Schnabel: “Peter Crane and others in the Livermore group quickly found themselves involved in more strangeness than they could handle. They were collectively possessed by some kind of tormenting, teasing, hallucination-inducing spirits. They all would be in a laboratory together, one of the fellows and his wife and children would be at home, just sitting around, when suddenly there would be a flying saucer in their rooms. Sometimes fantastic animals such as the large raven-like birds were seen traipsing through the yards of members of the group. Mike Russo and his terrified wife had a giant bird staring at them from the foot of their bed. Other scientists and their families saw orbs and black shadowy forms in their homes. Events occurred at Lawrence Livermore in 1973 and those of the homes of other Skinwalker Ranch visitors some 37 years later. In both, the central “victims” were individuals with highest level clearances and are/ were working in senior position levels in several government agencies. In both, an initial “psychic” trigger (Uri Geller to Livermore and Axelrod’s or Costigan’s visit to the ranch) plunged multiple people, and their families, into a netherworld where high strangeness events unfolded. In both, balls of light mythological animals, and birds manifested.. In both, black rectangles and other experiences appeared to be centered near bedrooms, hallways, and backyards of homes involved.. Thanks to Colm A. Kelleher

Social Contagion Model, an interesting paper by Ben Green, and Thibaut Horel, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 2017 showed that gunshot violence follows an epidemic-like process of social contagion that is transmitted through networks of people by social interactions. The objective of the study was to evaluate the extent to which the people who will become subjects of gun violence in Chicago can be predicted by modeling gun violence as an epidemic that is transmitted between individuals through social interactions. According to the results, “social contagion” accounted for 63.1% of the 11,123 gunshot violence episodes in Chicago; subjects of gun violence were shot on average 125 days after contact with their “infector,” the person most responsible for exposing the subject to gunshot violence. Some subjects of gun violence were shot more than once. The authors write: “Our findings suggest that the diffusion of violence follows an epidemic-like process of social contagion that is transmitted through networks by social interactions.” In other words, the transmission of violence, although not an infectious entity, follows a predictable social contagion model that is amenable to analysis and, subsequently, to intervention. Regardless of the epidemiological model utilized (infectious agent or social contagion), the central point is that the AAWSAP program on Skinwalker Ranch was the first to unmask a transmission-like phenomenon that was occurring in individuals who visited the ranch, and that this transmission is probably amenable to analysis utilizing standard infectious disease or social contagion modelling. Further, in some cases, the transmission into some households was correlated with the emergence of autoimmune disease in family members. Hence in these post-Skinwalker Ranch contagions, if social contagion is the appropriate modelling template, then social contagion in these cases has biological consequences. Social Contagion Model An interesting paper by Ben Green, Thibaut Horel, and Andrew V. Papachristos published in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 2017 showed that gunshot violence follows an epidemic-like process of social contagion that is transmitted through networks of people by social interactions.

Gunfight

The objective of the study was to evaluate the extent to which the people who will become subjects of gun violence in Chicago can be predicted by modeling gun violence as an epidemic that is transmitted between individuals through social interactions. According to the results, “social contagion” accounted for 63% of the 11,123 gunshot violence episodes in Chicago; subjects of gun violence were shot on average 125 days after contact with their “infector,” the person most responsible for exposing the subject to gunshot violence. Chicago has 600 killings up to November 1, 2022. The authors write: “Our findings suggest that the diffusion of violence follows an epidemic-like process of social contagion that is transmitted through networks by social interactions.” In other words, the transmission of violence, follows a predictable social contagion model that is amenable to analysis and, subsequently, to intervention.” Regardless of the epidemiological model utilized the central point is that the AAWSAP program on Skinwalker Ranch was the first to unmask a transmission-like phenomenon who visited the ranch, and that this transmission is probably amenable to analysis utilizing standard infectious disease. Further, in some cases, the transmission into some households was correlated with the emergence of autoimmune disease in family members. Hence in these post-Skinwalker Ranch contagions, if social contagion is the appropriate modeling template, then social contagion in these cases has biological consequences. colmkelleher-edgescience.pdf (theblackvault.com).

Editor’s Note: any people have commented that the Satan or evil is at work. Satan is not acting in isolation but seems to have an organized, mobilized, rebel army, perhaps even a hierarchy. Bible Revelation 12:7–10 states:

Michael and his angels fought against Satan, and Satan and his angels fought back. 8 But he was not strong enough, and they lost their place in heaven. 9 The great Satan was hurled down—that ancient serpent called the devil, or Satan, who leads the whole world astray.

A Bridgewater puzzling piece of footage from Massachusetts shows a peculiar white object hovering in the sky of angel wings. The curious anomaly, was filmed earlier this year The UFO appeared overhead “on a clear evening” and “”move very slowly. Coast to Coast AM coast-pr.radio@e.iheart.com

Photo from Apollo 11 Moon flight of Alien Craft

Alien Craft

There are several interesting stories that have surfaced about UFOs and the Moon Flights. The Science Channel gave a more exciting version. It is true that the Apollo 11 crew spotted an unidentified object moving with the spacecraft as they approached the Moon. They contacted mission control to confirm this mystery object was not Apollo 11’s large rocket upper stage, which was about 6,000 miles away. The astronauts concluded that they were seeing one of the small panels that had linked the spacecraft to the upper stage. The ejected panels could continue moving relatively close to the Apollo spacecraft. Aldrin now feels his remarks were taken out of context to imply they had seen a UFO to make the program more exciting. His entire explanation about identifying the panels was cut from the broadcast, giving the impression that the Apollo 11 crew had seen a UFO.

The Science Channel, and the astronauts can only speculate on what was in the photo. The TV program suggests. that Aldrin and his crew saw an alien spacecraft. Newly released recordings from Jodrell’s Lovell telescope, show the Russian craft crash-landed onto its surface at 15:50 on July 21, 1969. In 1979 Maurice Chatelain, former chief of NASA Communications Systems confirmed that Astronaut Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin had indeed reported seeing UFOs .Chatelain believes that some UFOs may come from Titan

‘Naked Alien’ Photographed In Part Of Montana Known For UFO Sightings

Alien Jan 5, 2022

Hunters often times set up cameras on trees deep in the woods to see what kind of wildlife lives in the area, but one in Montana captured a very strange creature – so odd that it might not be from this planet.

It was snapped by Donald Bromley’s camera deep in the woods of Redgate in Deer Lodge, Montana and it shows an eerily-shaped gray humanoid. The area where it was photographed is a hotspot for paranormal activity. Bromley told the local news station that there are often “UFOs, lights in the sky, unexplainable things” there. Among the strangeness is in the area, cars mysteriously stall on the roads for no reason.

Bromley spoke about the image, saying he first thought it was just a person but, “The more I look at it was just odd, it was out of place and everything just matches the alien persona the bigger bulbous head, you can tell he has no clothes, it’s kind of a transparent being.” By Dave Basner

B-21 RaiderAircraf Release

B-21

When it comes to delivering America’s resolve, the B-21 Raider will be standing by, silent and ready. We are providing America’s warfighters with an advanced aircraft offering a combination of range, payload, and survivability. The B-21 Raider will be capable of penetrating the toughest defenses to deliver precision strikes anywhere in the world. The B-21 is the future of deterrence. 10 Facts About Northrop Grumman’s B-21 Raider

Northrop Grumman B-21 Raider Delivers Data Sharing and Cloud Firsts Northrop Grumman, U.S. Air Force enter into industry-first data rights agreement and prove operations and sustainment data migration to the cloud. Northrop Grumman to Unveil the B-21 Raider Northrop Grumman Corporation in partnership with the U.S. Air Force, will unveil the B-21 Raider during the first week of December.

Meet the Raiders

On April 18, 1942, 80 men and 16 B-25 Mitchell medium bombers set off on what some said was an impossible mission, to change the course of World War II. The actions of these 80 volunteers, led by Lt. Col. Jimmy Doolittle, were instrumental in shifting momentum in the Pacific theater and setting the stage for victory at the Battle of Midway.

B-25 Launch from USS Hornet

These men, dubbed the Doolittle Raiders, launched 16 B-25s off the flight deck of the USS Hornet, despite the plane not being designed for carrier operations. The raid acted as a catalyst to many future innovations in U.S. air superiority from land or sea. That bold, innovative and courageous spirit of the Doolittle Raiders has been the inspiration behind the name of America’s next generation bomber, the B-21 Raider, in development now by the U.S. Air Force and Northrop Grumman. Tanks to https://www.northropgrumman.com/what-we-do/air/b-21-raider/meet-the-raiders/

We Can Modify the Weather

Severe weather updates: Mother,and eight year old son killed after dozens of tornadoes rip through South The National Severe Storms Laboratory NSSL Site Information – NOAA’s reports, “The most destructive and deadly tornadoes occur from super cells, which are rotating thunderstorms with a well-defined radar circulation called a mesocyclone. (Super cells can also produce damaging hail, severe non-tornado winds, unusually frequent lightning, and flash floods.) Tornado formation is believed to be dictated mainly by things which happen on the storm scale, in and around the mesocyclone.”

Typical Tornado damage

When I was in Vietnam in 1968, the Air Force extended the Monsoon season by over a month by cloud-seeding with silver iodide crystals using two C-130s and two F-4s on the Ho Chi Minh trail. I encourage the Air Force to use weather controlling tactics to protect American lives and property.

I suggest tornadoes can be tamed and potential flooding storms spread out. For example, the Chinese, in August of 2008, used 37,000 people to seed clouds aiming for a dry Olympics. Hundreds of teams used anti-aircraft guns to shoot shells of silver iodide into approaching cloud masses and kept Beijing dry.

The most common chemicals used for cloud seeding include silver iodide, potassium iodide and dry ice (solid carbon dioxide). Liquid propane, which expands into a gas, has also been used. This can produce ice crystals at higher temperatures than silver iodide. After promising research, the use of hygroscopic materials, such as table salt, is becoming more popular. Surplus Harvard T-6 aircraft were fitted with racks under each wing containing 32 railroad fuses that were impregnated with silver iodide were ignited individually or all at once, depending upon the threat. In coordination with ground units, the aircraft would lay a plume of silver iodide in front of approaching cumulonimbus clouds (CBs) with noticeable effect. Large, active CBs were reduced to nothing. Heavy hail storms were reduced in intensity.

C-5

A C-5 Galaxy aircraft can carry a standard: payload of 240,000 pounds of dry ice or chemicals that could serious effect a mesocyclone. Maximum payload capacity of the C-17 is 170,900 pounds with a service ceiling of 45,000 feet. Even drones could be used to tame.

Below is radar readout of the May 20, 2013, tornado. The actual tornado early in its track is located in the southern reddest hook near the bottom of the image. Craft inserting cloud seeding chemicals would likely stop the tornado formation.

Red is mesocyclone that can be picked up on aircraft radar

Recent theories and results from the VORTEX 2 program suggest that once a mesocyclone is underway, tornado development is related to the temperature differences across the edge of downdraft air wrapping around the mesocyclone. Storm spotters look for low bands of ragged bands of low cumulus clouds extending from the main storm tower usually to the southeast or south. The presence of inflow bands suggests that the storm is gathering low-level air from several miles away. If the inflow bands have a spiraling nature to them, it suggests the presence of rotation.

The beaver’s tail is a smooth, flat cloud band extending from the eastern edge of the rain-free base to the east or northeast. It usually skirts around the southern edge of the precipitation area. It also suggests the presence of rotation. (Possible attack point)

A wall cloud is an isolated cloud lowering attached to the rain-free base of the thunderstorm. The wall cloud is usually to the rear of the visible precipitation area. A wall cloud that may produce a tornado usually exists for 10–20 minutes before a tornado appears. A wall cloud may also persistently rotate (often visibly), have strong surface winds flowing into it, and may have rapid vertical motion indicated by small cloud elements quickly rising into the rain-free base. (Possible attack point)

As the storm intensifies, the updraft draws in low-level air from several miles around. Some low-level air is pulled into the updraft from the rain area. This rain-cooled air is very humid; the moisture in the rain-cooled air quickly condenses below the rain-free base to form the wall cloud. (Possible attack point)

The rear flank downdraft (RFD) is a downward rush of air on the back side of the storm that descends along with the tornado. The RFD looks like a “clear slot” or “bright slot” just to the rear (southwest) of the wall cloud. It can also look like curtains of rain wrapping around the cloud base circulation. The RFD causes gusty surface winds that occasionally have embedded downbursts. The rear flank downdraft is the motion in the storm that causes the hook echo feature on radar. (Possible attack point)

A condensation funnel is made up of water droplets and extends downward from the base of the thunderstorm. If it is in contact with the ground it is a tornado; otherwise it is a funnel cloud. Dust and debris beneath the condensation funnel confirm a tornado’s presence.

Coordination between radar, ground observers, and airborne aircraft equipped with suitable chemicals such as dry ice has the potential to disrupt the tornados. An excellent comprehensive list of questions and answers about tornadoes can be found here: http://www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/

NSSL is working to simulate tornadoes in computer models to better understand how they form and behave. The Air Force could gain tremendous support from the American people if they could calm the Tornadoes. Thanks to NSSL.

Strange Craft

The True Story of an Air Force Intelligence Officer’s Life with UFOs

From objects in the skies over Cold War Europe to a UFOs over during the Cuban Missile Crisis to lights over the DMZ in Vietnam Filer leaves nothing out about his Air Force UFO encounters,

Filer describes his UFO encounters in this incredible book, by John L. Guerra.

https://amzn.to/2SK3SIQ

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Filer’s Files Dec.1 2022 - UFOs Disable U.S. Nuclear Missiles - PART II

Monroeville , New Jersey on September 15, 2022

Filer’s Files Dec.1 2022 - UFOs Disable U.S. Nuclear Missiles - PART II

Major George A. Filer III ret. USAF

New Jersey State Director

MUFON Eastern Region Director

Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over California, Florida, Maine, Maryland, Midwest, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Tennessee ,and Washington.

Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Australia, Canada, Estonia, France, and England in the United Kingdom.

Forward these files to your friends and neighbors. Like my site? Spread the word!

UFO Sightings in the United States

Sightings are from MUFON CMS

California Lights

Novato Petaluma on November 11, 2022, Six white lights with a very small green and very small red light on either end flew over my car. No discernible body or wings at p.m. going east. a Photoshop image but not Starlink.

Florida LighS

Clearwater on November 22, 2022, I was trying to take a photo of an flying Eagle I missed the bird but got a picture of a strange squeamish shape that in the next photo appeared to look like an huge eye with fuzzy edges.

Maine Light

Wells on October 12, 2022, I saw a dark shape above the tree line with two bright lights. I was hovering above the tree line. Did not have camera with me but I am a digital artist. So I studied this UFO until I can recreate it later”.

Maryland Lights

Bel Air on November 19 , 2022, Out in field with 2 other friends we saw at hovering lights that turned to a slant for about 1 minute, than just vanished. I had time to call my mom while it was still there.

Midwest Orbs

On the morning of Monday, November 7th, NUFORC received a seemingly quite credible report from an airline 1^st Officer, who reported having witnessed, together with the aircraft’s pilot, a very dramatic display of lights over the Midwestern United States during the prior evening. Moreover, several other flight crews reported the same event over their backchannel, and apparently discussed the event extensively over the course of 20-25 minutes. Thanks to Peter Davenport National Reporting Center

Missouri Light

Fenton on November 22, 2022, I was out walking my dog. There were two objects In the sky and the first one moved out of site in a matter of seconds. The second stayed stationary for 25 minutes with different sections before it shot out of sight.

New Jersey Triangle

Monroeville on September 15, 2022, black triangle with T-pattern white lights, and red search light. I was driving 70 mph on Route 40 at 8:10 PM, with UFO but couldn’t keep up. Video got nothing., but UFO was like this one from Belgium.

New York Light

N Bellmore on September 14, 2022. I was taking the garbage out about 11;15 P.M/ when I happened to see something quite bright but as it moved it seemed to burn through the cloud’s as it moved.

Ohio Lights

Miamisburg on September 15, 2015, the lights are very tiny you can barely see them but they’re going around and you can see the emissions coming off in my backyard right above the trees . I shot the picture as it took off.

Tennessee Lights

Walland on November 20, 2022, at 10:30 PM. I was at home, and noticed that the stars were unusually bright. I took many pictures of. them but have no idea what it was. Light was reflecting off of the side of it.

Washington Lights

Longview on November 12 , 2022, I was driving, and I pulled over because my phone started tripping out. I looked up to where saw a white light flash of a UFO looked again to my right and seen this.. No idea what it is.

Worldwide UFO Sightings

Australia Object

Adelaide Sydney on November 11, 2022, witnessed an object approach a Virgin Boeing 737. Then shot straight up with speed. The object appeared to be round with a cone like bubble

Canada Object

Saskatchewan on June 5th 2021 I took 5 pictures of the gravel road with thick bush on both sides. Above the tree line was a UFO that that I didn’t see until I looked at the photos when I arrived home

Estonia Objects

Maardu on June 24, 2019, I took photos of a glowing cloud and UFOs was captured in the photos which could not be seen with the naked eye! Glowing cloud is more like a trace of acceleration.

France Object

Centrale De Golfese on November 2022, the object behaved like an airplane tip of the wing and when I saw it again, it was going south. A black streak emanated from it. At first I thought of an acrobatic plane, but unlikely.

UK/England Lights

Canock on July 1, 2002, the boomerang shape object was hovering directly above four of us, increasing its altitude to 15,000 feet, The white lights highlighting the boomerang shape turned off leaving an orange chevron emission that soon disappeared..

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SpaceX’s Super Heavy Fires 11 of its Engines in a Long-Duration Test

Static engine fire of the BN7 on Nov. 29th, 2022.

Credit: SpaceX

BY MATT WILLIAMS

SpaceX’s Super Heavy Fires 11 of its Engines in a Long-Duration Test

SpaceX is at it again! Yesterday (November 29th), the company conducted another static fire test with the Booster 7 (BN7) prototype at its Starbase in Boca Chica, Texas. The test began at 02:42 p.m. EST (11:42 a.m. PST) and saw eleven of the BN7’s thirty-three Raptor 2 engines fire for 13 seconds. While static fire tests have been the norm these past few months, this latest might be the prelude to the orbital test flight Musk has been hinting at for close to a year. News of the successful test was shared via Twitter, while NASA Spaceflight (NSF) shared footage of the test via Youtube.

The last time SpaceX conducted a static fire test with the BN7 was on November 17th, when fourteen of its Raptor 2 engines were fired for thirteen seconds. Before that, SpaceX conducted a test on September 19th, where the BN7 fired seven Raptor 2 engines for about seven seconds. These tests came after many months of stacking and unstacking and repeatedly revised estimates of when the orbital test flight may occur. Musk previously indicated it might fly in May, July, and sometime in November.

But after the September 19th test, Musk offered a more detailed assessment of when the Starship could be ready to go to space. After sharing NASA Spaceflight’s footage of the test via Twitter, NSF Managing Editor Chris Bergin and Musk got into a brief conversation. When Bergin asked Musk when the orbital flight might happen, he replied, “Next test is ~20 sec firing with max oxygen fill to test autogenous pressurization, possibly one more static fire, then orbital launch attempt.” In short, Musk claims that another static fire is likely to follow this one, followed by an orbital flight.

While Musk did not indicate when that might happen, it’s a safe bet that it won’t take place before 2023. If successful, the flight test will make the Starship and Super Heavy the most powerful launch system in history. The title used to be held by the Saturn V rocket that took the Apollo astronauts to the Moon and is currently held by NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS). The SLS earned this title after launching from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida at 01:47 a.m. EST on November 16th (10:47 p.m. PST, November 15th)

The Artemis I mission has subsequently established a new record for the farthest distance ever achieved by a spacecraft. The uncrewed Orion vehicle also took some amazing photographs of the Moon and the Earth-Moon system in the process. NASA has already contracted with SpaceX to provide the Human Landing System (HLS) for the Artemis III mission, which is currently scheduled for 2025. This historic mission will see astronauts land on the lunar surface for the first time since the Apollo Era.

According to NASA’s mission architecture, the Artemis III crew will launch aboard an Orion spacecraft atop an SLS rocket and fly to the Moon, where they will rendezvous with the Starship HLS in lunar orbit. The crew will then transfer to the HLS, land on the Moon, and conduct surface operations before launching again to return to their Orion spacecraft (and then return home). The SLS will have to give up the title of “most powerful rocket” after a few short months but will remain a vital part of the Artemis Program.

And be sure to check the SNF’s footage of the latest static fire test of the BN7 below:

02-12-2022 om 18:13 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART

A Black Hole Consumed a Star and Released the Light of a Trillion Suns

A star is being consumed by a distant supermassive black hole. Astronomers call this a tidal disruption event (TDE). As the black hole rips apart the star, two jets of material moving with almost the speed of light are launched in opposite directions. One of the jets was aimed directly at Earth.

Image credit: Carl Knox (OzGrav, ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery, Swinburne University of Technology)

BY EVAN GOUGH

A Black Hole Consumed a Star and Released the Light of a Trillion Suns

When a flash of light appears somewhere in the sky, astronomers notice. When it appears in a region of the sky not known to host a stellar object that’s flashed before, they really sit up and take notice. In astronomical parlance, objects that emit flashing light are called transients.

Earlier this year, astronomers spotted a transient that flashed with the light of a trillion Suns.

In this case, it was the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) that spotted the flash. The ZTF is an all-sky survey aimed at the northern night sky. It’s hosted at the Palomar Observatory, and it’s a systematic study using an extremely wide-field optical light camera to scan the entire northern sky every two days. It’s part of what’s known as Time-Domain Astronomy, the study of astronomical objects that change over time.

The Zwicky Transient Facility is housed at California Institute of Technology's Palomar Observatory. Image: CIT/Palomar Observatory.

The Zwicky Transient Facility is housed at California Institute of Technology’s Palomar Observatory.

Image: CIT/Palomar Observatory.

When the ZTF spots a new transient in the sky, other astronomers are alerted. The ZTF isn’t suited to studying objects in detail. It just finds them and then passes the baton to other facilities that are better suited for observing astronomical objects in greater detail. In this case, a whole group of facilities took part.

Hubble Space Telescope observations in optical and infrared combined with data from the Jansky Very Large Array pinpointed the flash’s precise location. The European Southern Observatory’s (ESO) Very Large Telescope (VLT) determined that it was 8.5 billion light-years away. Observational data from other facilities followed, giving astronomers a picture of the flash across a wide swath of the electromagnetic spectrum.

The results of all those observations, and the analysis that followed, are published in a new paper in Nature Astronomy. The paper is “The Birth of a Relativistic Jet Following the Disruption of a Star by a Cosmological Black Hole.” The first author is Dheeraj Pasham, a research scientist at the Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research at MIT.

As the title tells us, the transient light source was a jet of matter emitted from a supermassive black hole (SMBH) at 99.9% of the speed of light. The light signal has a name, AT 2022cmc, and the SMBH responsible for it is halfway across the Universe. What caused it? Something extraordinary, according to lead author Pasham.

“This particular event was 100 times more powerful than the most powerful gamma-ray burst afterglow. It was something extraordinary.”
Dheeraj Pasham, lead author, Kavli Institute

A behemoth supermassive black hole (SMBH) at the heart of a distant galaxy is responsible. The SMBH is swallowing a star that got too close. This is called a Tidal Disruption Event (TDE) and it’s the first one observed since 2011. It’s also the first one spotted in optical light, and the 78th one that ZTF has detected.

AT 2022cmc is the most distant TDE ever seen, and also the brightest. Gamma Ray Bursts (GRB) are the brightest objects in the Universe, second only to the Big Bang. So it’s natural to assume that the event was a GRB. But it wasn’t. The jet’s high x-ray luminosity helped rule that out.

There's a lot of information in this figure from the study. Take note of the black and grey area in the lower right. It shows the TDE's luminous x-ray emissions. Their strength and duration ruled out a Gamma Ray Burst as the cause of the flash. Image Credit: Pasham et al. 2022

There’s a lot of information in this figure from the study. Take note of the black and grey area in the lower right. It shows the TDE’s luminous x-ray emissions. Their strength and duration ruled out a Gamma Ray Burst as the cause of the flash.

Image Credit: Pasham et al. 2022

“This particular event was 100 times more powerful than the most powerful gamma-ray burst afterglow,” lead author Pasham said in a press release. “It was something extraordinary.”

The TDE just happened to point its searing jet of material directly at Earth, like a flashlight shone right in our eyes. Rough calculations showed that the jet was as bright as a trillion Suns.

The jetted tidal disription event AT2022cmc was first observed in the ZTF optical data and was followed by 21 other astronomical facilities that saw it shine in X-ray,UV, infrared and radio. Image credit: Zwicky Transient Facility/R.Hurt (Caltech/IPAC)

The jetted tidal disription event AT2022cmc was first observed in the ZTF optical data and was followed by 21 other astronomical facilities that saw it shine in X-ray, UV, infrared and radio.

Image credit: Zwicky Transient Facility/R.Hurt (Caltech/IPAC)

The Universe is full of transient events, but observing TDEs is still rare. It helps when the jet is aimed right at Earth, as it was in this case. But when a SMBH consumes a star that got too close, it doesn’t always emit jets. TDEs like this one give astronomers an opportunity to learn more about the SMBHs that cause them.

“The last time scientists discovered one of these jets was well over a decade ago,” said Michael Coughlin, an assistant professor of astronomy at the University of Minnesota Twin Cities and co-lead on the paper. “From the data we have, we can estimate that relativistic jets are launched in only 1% of these destructive events, making AT2022cmc an extremely rare occurrence. In fact, the luminous flash from the event is among the brightest ever observed.”

This schematic from the paper illustrates the team's proposed scenario behind the TDE. For detailed explanation, see the study. Image Credit: Pasham et al. 2022

This schematic from the paper illustrates the team’s proposed scenario behind the TDE. For a detailed explanation, see the study.

Image Credit: Pasham et al. 2022

Supermassive Black Holes are, obviously, extraordinarily huge. The most massive ones are several billions of times more massive than the Sun. Even in astronomy, a subject known for large numbers, something several billion times more massive than our star is almost incomprehensible.

But as it turns out, even something that large can’t eat a star in one bite. It’s taking its time devouring the star. The jet was probably emitted during an intermittent ‘feeding frenzy,’ according to Pasham. “It’s probably swallowing the star at the rate of half the mass of the sun per year,” Pasham estimates. “A lot of this tidal disruption happens early on, and we were able to catch this event right at the beginning, within one week of the black hole starting to feed on the star.”

This artist’s impression illustrates how it might look when a star approaches too close to a black hole, where the star is squeezed by the intense gravitational pull of the black hole. Some of the star’s material gets pulled in and swirls around the black hole forming the disc that can be seen in this image. In rare cases, such as this one, jets of matter and radiation are shot out from the poles of the black hole.

Image Credit: ESO/M.Kornmesser

Astronomers can’t yet see the galaxy that emitted it. The jet’s light is so powerful that it’s outshining its host galaxy. But astronomers think that once the jet dims they’ll be able to spot the galaxy with the Hubble and the James Webb Space Telescope.

That might lead them partway to answering an important question: All SMBHs are bound to eat stars, why do so few of them emit jets? Observations show that the ones that emit these types of jets are likely spinning rapidly. The rotation helps power these ultraluminous jets.

The rapid rotation might be only one factor, perhaps the factor that’s easiest to observe. But it does bring researchers one step closer to understanding the awesome forces at work in SMBHs.

“We know there is one supermassive black hole per galaxy, and they formed very quickly in the universe’s first million years,” says co-author Matteo Lucchini, a postdoc in MIT’s Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research. “That tells us they feed very fast, though we don’t know how that feeding process works. So, sources like a TDE can actually be a really good probe for how that process happens.”

What astrophysicists need, is to find more of these jets, TDEs, and SMBHs. They’ll probably get their wish in the near future.

“Scientists can use AT2022cmc as a model for what to look for and find more disruptive events from distant black holes.”
Igor Andreoni, Department of Astronomy at UMD and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

With facilities like the Vera Rubin Observatory coming online soon, we’re bound to spot more transients like AT2022cmc. The Vera Rubin should see first light in 2023, and will perform a synoptic survey that will image the entire visible night sky every few nights. One of its four science goals is to find transients and notify other observatories for follow-up observations. And it should find a lot of them.

“Our new search technique helps us to quickly identify rare cosmic events in the ZTF survey data. And since ZTF and upcoming larger surveys such as Vera Rubin’s LSST scan the sky so frequently, we can now expect to uncover a wealth of rare, or previously undiscovered cosmic events and study them in detail,” says Igor Andreoni, a postdoctoral associate in the Department of Astronomy at UMD and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.

“Astronomy is changing rapidly,” Andreoni said. “More optical and infrared all-sky surveys are now active or will soon come online. Scientists can use AT2022cmc as a model for what to look for and find more disruptive events from distant black holes. This means that more than ever, big data mining is an important tool to advance our knowledge of the universe.”

Gone are the days when professional astronomers spend long cold nights looking into the eyepiece of their telescopes. If we still relied on those efforts, we’d likely never even see a TDE. Automated sky surveys are becoming more and more prevalent, covering larger swaths of the sky than astronomers can, and doing it more diligently. They never get tired, get sick, or take holidays.

But facilities like them generate an enormous amount of data, which Andreoni alluded to. The Vera Rubin Observatory is expected to take 200,000 pictures each year of its ten-year run. That means that it’ll generate 1.2 petabytes of data each year, far more data than astronomers will be able to handle. It’ll be up to AI and machine learning to deal with all that data.

The Zwicky Transient Facility served as a prototype for the Vera Rubin. But while the ZTF found 78 TDEs since its inception, the Vera Rubin will dwarf those results. Nobody’s certain how many TDEs it’ll find, but the observatory is expected to generate hundreds of alerts per second, and each one will be a transient of some sort.

Some of those will be TDEs, and as more detections roll in, astronomers will do follow-up observations with other facilities.

“We expect many more of these TDEs in the future,” said Lucchini. “Then we might be able to say, finally, how exactly black holes launch these extremely powerful jets.”

Press Release: ZTF makes first dicovery of a rare cosmic lunch
Press Release: Mysteriously bright flash is a black hole jet pointing straight toward Earth, astronomers say
Published Research: The Birth of a Relativistic Jet Following the Disruption of a Star by a Cosmological Black Hole
Universe Today: It Turns out, the “Closest Black Hole” System Doesn’t Contain a Black Hole At All

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Sometimes Astronomy isn’t About What you see, but What you don’t see

Constraints are critical in any scientific enterprise. If a hypothesis predicts that there should be an observable phenomenon, and there isn’t any trace of it, that’s a pretty clear indication that the hypothesis is wrong. And even false hypotheses still move science forward. So it is with astronomy and, in particular, explorations of the early universe. A paper authored by researchers at Cambridge and colleagues now puts a particularly useful constraint on the development of early galaxies, which has been a hot topic in astronomy as of late.

Part of the reason that has been a hot topic is that, for the first time, we’re starting to get telescopes capable of peering back that far. The James Webb Space Telescope sparked much hope for being able to peer back to the earliest stars. However, while that instrument is still going through its data collection phase, plenty of other highly capable telescopes can provide some insight as well.

One of those is the SARAS3 radio telescope, which is deployed over a lake in India. It monitored some of the light coming from the earliest galaxies and provided data to the team from Cambridge, who analyzed it, looking for one defining feature.

UT video on the early universe.

Known as the 21-cm hydrogen line, this is the spectrum that hydrogen emits when its electron changes state. It’s been used consistently in Early Universe Cosmology since its discovery in the 1940s, largely because it can make its way through the cloudy dust that shrouds the volume of the early universe. That ability also makes it capable of passing effortlessly through Earth’s atmosphere, allowing it to be easily detected by a ground-based telescope like SARAS3.

What was notable in the Cambridge paper was the lack of the 21-cm line. In fact, this common line that is so widely used in other parts of cosmology seemed to be absent from the galaxies that existed only 200 million years after the Big Bang.

With that constraint, the authors were able to do two things. One was disproving a tentative finding from another research group. The other was defining some of the significant characteristics of those galaxies.

Want to learn more about the 21-cm line? This lecture from a professor at Brown might help.
Credit – Brown University Department of Physics YouTube Channel

Another research group led by Arizona State University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology published another paper in 2018 using data from the EDGES radio telescope in Australia. That paper detailed a possible detection of some of the light from the earliest galaxies in the universe. It also threw a wrench into one of the early models of cosmological expansion, which didn’t expect such a detection. Now data from this new paper casts some doubt on that finding, though there still needs to be additional independent confirmation of it.

When defining the characteristics of galaxies, one crucial factor is how bright they are. The lack of a 21-cm line points to a simple fact – they weren’t very bright. Or at least not thousands of times more luminous than galaxies are today. If they were, the 21-cm line should have been powered enough to show through the haze and be detectable in the SARAS3 data. Other constraints detailed in the paper include the masses of those galaxies, as well as their efficiency at heating up hydrogen.

All this means for cosmology is simply that more data is needed, and two experiments are coming up soon that should provide it. In addition to the JWST, there is a project called the Radio Experiment for the Analysis of Cosmic Hydrogen (REACH), which is expected to present results sometime next year. Until then, astronomers are gathering a clearer picture of the early universe, even if it’s from the lack of an expected signal.

Learn More:

Lead Image:

Image of some of the oldest galaxies in the universe.
Credit – NASA

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NASA chief hopes UFOs spotted by pilots are evidence of alien life

Bill Nelson talks UFOs

Bill Nelson

NASA’s chief scientist believes that there are extraterrestrial life beings out there. According to Bill Nelson, he hopes that the sightings of UFOs don’t turn out to be an anomaly on Earth, and he thinks that they could be evidence of life.

Bill, who became NASA’s administrator in May 2021, was talking to Larry Sabato, a political science professor at the University of Virginia, about his thoughts on the various UFO sightings that have been reported. One particular incident that he talked about was the 2004 incident involving Navy pilots Alex Dietrich and Dave Fravor.

The pilots of the USS Princeton were training on the day of the incident, and they were alerted to the strange objects flying around them. They then went to investigate and saw an object that looked like a floating object with no markings.

According to Bill Nelson, the object accelerated as it flew away, and it was 60 miles away in less than two seconds flat. He then believes that the most likely explanation for the sightings is alien life. He claims that the pilots have reported seeing something, but they don’t know what it is.

He then claims that the object flew past the technological capabilities of an enemy on Earth. He believes that the possibility of alien life is more likely due to the universe’s massive size. He also noted that there are various theories suggesting that other universes exist.

If aliens exist, Earth is the only place where they are organized and civilized. I believe that there are other planets with intelligent life forms out there, too, as the universe is so big. Men In Black movies were onto something.

Bill’s interview with NASA’s chief scientist recently went viral, and people were very happy to support his theory about alien life. Many people on Reddit agreed with Nelson’s belief that there is a high probability of life being found outside Earth.

One person stated that it was a height of ignorance for people to believe that Earth is the only place where extraterrestrial life is.

02-12-2022 om 16:59 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS * PART I - 02/12/2022

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS * PART I - 02/12/2022

Artemis 1 spacecraft completes 1st lunar orbit departure burn

NASA's Artemis 1 Orion spacecraft completed a distant retrograde orbit departure burn on Dec. 1, 2022. It's the first of 2 burns needed to leave lunar orbit for its return trip to Earth.

Full Story: https://www.space.com/artemis-1-orion...

Credit: NASA

Why Don’t Venus And Mercury Have Moons?

Spinning around our Sun are nine planets, more than 120 moons, millions of asteroids and other rocky objects, and countless comets. Together, they make up the Solar System, our home in this vast universe. Closest to the sun lies Mercury, followed by Venus, Earth and Mars. These planets are known as the Inner Planets of our Solar System.

All the planets in our Solar System are unique in an unusual way and each of them has a notable characteristic feature unique to them. The Earth sustains life to grow, while venus receives rain of extremely corrosive Sulphuric Acid. All Planets in our Solar System are surrounded by their mini planets, or better to say, their Satellites, which revolve around them in certain fixed orbits. The orbits can be distinguished and recognised by using Kepler's Laws of motion.

The moon is the closest celestial body to the Earth. It is Earth’s only natural Satellite. Most satellites are much smaller than their parent planet. Earth has only one Satellite, Mars has two Satellites, and Jupiter has about 80 of them, including the largest satellite in our Solar System, Ganymede. Saturn has more than eight two moons. Uranus has twenty-seven Satellites, while Neptune has about fourteen of them. Even our dwarf neighbour, Pluto, has five Satellites revolving around it. However, the first two planets of our Solar System, Mercury and Venus, surprisingly, do not possess moons. But, Why? Why are only the first two Planets exception to this characteristic feature? And How exactly were the Satellites formed?

In this video, we will have a detailed study of Satellites and the Factors affecting the formation of Satellites. Before we continue, make sure you like, subscribe to our channel and hit the bell icon for further engrossing topics like these.

Ancient Aliens: The Martian Origins of Mankind

Ancient Astronaut Theorists believe humans didn't evolve on earth. See more in this clip from Aliens and Human Evolution.

THE SIGHTS OF SPACE: A Voyage to Spectacular Alien Worlds

Meet the Navis III: An imaginary ship that will take you anywhere in the Milky Way. Its maiden voyage will send you on a tour of the wildest planets humanity has yet discovered: worlds that defy belief, from planetary oases to scorching hot gas giants with clouds made of metal.

This interstellar journey will give us a glimpse into how deep nature’s imagination goes…. and blaze a path for future pioneers, who might one day plant their flags on landscapes we can hardly imagine.

HOW THE WORLD WILL END | Countdown to Armageddon

Scientists believe the timeline for destruction is coming to an end. See more in this clip from Nostradamus Effect.

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02-12-2022 om 16:51 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS * PART II - 02/12/2022

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Big fireball streaks across skies over at least 12 US states, Canada

The American Meteor Society received over 730 reports of a fireball over 12 US states on Dec. 2, 2022. See footage captured by home security cameras in Pennsylvania, Ohio and Michigan.

Credit: Space.com | footage courtesy: Bill Ericson, Stephen Martin, Jared Rackley, Al Holland K8ALH |edited by Steve Spaleta (https://twitter.com/stevespaleta

Elon Musk: "EVERYONE'S Lying!! People Don't Realize It About Pyramids!

The ancient pyramids of Egypt have been the subject of mankind's fascination for centuries now. These historic masonry structures are sprinkled across the Egyptian landscape and are living proof that the ancient Egyptian civilization was way more advanced than archeologists and historians previously thought. In the past, there have been many speculations and theories regarding how these pyramids came into being. Some of these were simple, having a logical approach that laborers built the pyramids that were designed by some incredibly talented architects. However, there are also some people who think outside of the box, a few among them have even proposed that these pyramids, especially the ones in Giza, were constructed by extraterrestrial beings. And believe it or not, the incredibly famous tech billionaire Elon Musk is among the people who believe the alien theory

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WION The World is One News, examines global issues with in-depth analysis. We provide much more than the news of the day. Our aim to empower people to explore their world. With our Global headquarters in New Delhi, we bring you news on the hour, by the hour. We deliver information that is not biased. We are journalists who are neutral to the core and non-partisan when it comes to the politics of the world. People are tired of biased reportage and we stand for a globalised united world. So for us the World is truly One.

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James Webb Just Detected A Huge Structure Older Than The Universe!

The big bang is one of the most fascinating topics you can bring up when conversing with scientists and astronomers. This is because the theory talks about how the whole universe started in the first place. However, the event that led to the big bang is one thing that is being argued among scientists today.

For this reason, the James Webb Telescope was called in to make some findings about the big bang. The JWST found something quite alright, but it wasn't something the scientist had prepared their minds for. What did the James Webb Telescope discover, and in what way would it affect the Big Bang Theory?

Join us as we explore the James Webb telescope's terrifying discovery before the big bang.

It all began when an astronomer sighted a discovery made by the James Webb Telescope. Astronomer Rohan Naidu was at home with his girlfriend when he discovered the galaxy that almost broke cosmology. He was inspecting some of the images the James Webb Telescope sent earlier when one of the images caught his attention. The telescope had identified an object that Naidu recognized as mysteriously huge. It dates back to the big bang era, making it older than any galaxy we once knew in science. It was a shocking discovery for him, as he called his girlfriend to observe the most distant starlight too. He was praised for this discovery by his team, and then they got to work. A few days later, Naidu and his team published a paper on the discovered galaxy called "GLASS-z13." It was a discovery that had the whole world of science come to a standstill, as no one expected such a discovery to be made by the James Webb Telescope.

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02-12-2022 om 16:48 geschreven door peter

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Tom Delonge says UFOs are from outside of time

tom-delonge

According to Tom DeLonge, the founder of the To The Stars Academy, there is evidence that extraterrestrials are watching our planet. He claims that world leaders are aware of the presence of intelligent aliens.

By signing up, we will use your information to provide you with content in a way that will allow us to improve our understanding of you and provide you with more relevant and personalized content. This may include third-party advertisements. Tom DeLonge, a Blink-182 vocalist who has a passion for UFOs and aliens.

Tom DeLonge co-established the To The Stars Academy in 2017 in Las Vegas. It’s a company that focuses on investigating extraterrestrials through various mediums, such as the arts, science, and media. He has previously claimed that UFO research could potentially change the world.

02-12-2022 om 15:54 geschreven door peter

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01-12-2022

MUFON - November 2022 Sightings

MUFON - November 2022 Sightings

November 2022 Sightings

Statistical Report

COUNTRIES

UNITED STATES 544

CANADA 30

FRANCE 29

UNITED KINGDOM 23

AUSTRALIA 15

BELGIUM 7

BRAZIL 4

CHILE 2

SOUTH AFRICA 2

INDIA 2

GERMANY 2

ITALY 2

IRAQ 1

INDONESIA 1

NAMIBIA 1

CHINA 1

NEW ZEALAND 1

POLAND 1

IRAN 1

UNITED STATES MINOR OUTLYING ISLANDS 1 RUSSIAN FEDERATION 1

TURKEY 1

CZECH REPUBLIC 1

ESTONIA 1

MALAYSIA 1

BARBADOS 1

PORTUGAL 1

SPAIN 1

GIBRALTAR 1

UGANDA 1

TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS 1

SRI LANKA 1

IRELAND 1

COTE D'IVOIRE 1

TOTAL: 684

BY SHAPE

Circle 126

Sphere 76

Triangle 60 Unknown 53

Other 47

Oval 41

Disc 36

Star-like 31

Tic Tac 22

Square/Rectangular 20

Cylinder 19

Cigar 18

Fireball 15

Boomerang 14

N/A 13

Blimp 7

Flash 7

Diamond 7

Bullet/Missile 6

Cone 5

Egg 5

Chevron 2

Saturn-like 2

Cross 1

Teardrop 1

STATES OF THE USA

California 47

Texas 40

Florida 36

Pennsylvania 35

Michigan 30

Missouri 26

New York 24

Ohio 20

Kentucky 18

Georgia 17

Washington 16

Oregon 15

Indiana 14

New Jersey 13

Illinois 12

North Carolina 11

Arizona 11

Massachusetts 11

Oklahoma 10

Arkansas 10

Kansas 9

Nevada 9

Minnesota 9

Tennessee 8

Virginia 8

Wisconsin 8

Utah 7

Maryland 7

Connecticut 6

South Carolina 6

Maine 6 Colorado 6

New Mexico 5

Mississippi 4

Louisiana 3

Alabama 3

Hawaii 3

Idaho 3

New Hampshire 3

Montana 2

Vermont 2

Iowa 2

Wyoming 1

North Dakota 1

Nebraska 1

Rhode Island 1

DISTANCE FROM THE WITNESS

< 100 ft 78

101-500 ft 77

501 ft - 1 Mile 130

Over 1 Mile 163

Unknown 46

NO VALUE 21

Most impressively there were 21 Landings, Hovering, or Takeoffs reported and 20 Entities observed. Number of abduction (ERT) cases were 39.

{ https://mufon.com/mufon-journal }

01-12-2022 om 23:44 geschreven door peter

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The tiniest possum in the world—once thought extinct—was discovered alive on an Australian island

This amazing creature was considered extinct. However, it was discovered to exist in Australia.

When Kangaroo Island caught fire, many animals died. Back then, it was believed that many animal species had disappeared, but it seems that everything is not so bad.

Over 20 species were still found alive. Among them is this incredible creature.

Image

Kangaroo Island Land for Wildlife is credited with discovering this creature

Image

The director of Exceptional Kangaroo Island, Craig Wickham, told Nevsveek that many animals were found after the disaster. This required many cameras with powerful sensors.

This possum is hard to spot, but it is truly an amazing creature.

Image

Fauna ecologist Pat Hodgens said there was always hope they would find the creature

{ https://ghiennaunuong.com/ }

01-12-2022 om 23:35 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:Diversen (Eng, NL en Fr)

Mysteriously bright flash that gave off more light than 1,000 TRILLION suns was caused by a star being 'squeezed like a toothpaste tube' by a supermassive black hole, study finds

Scientists detected a mysteriously bright flash of light in outer space in February
It is thought to be a beam of matter extending from a supermassive black hole
This occurred when the black hole devoured a star in a 'tidal disruption event'
It was brighter than a trillion suns and light had travelled eight billion light-years

By FIONA JACKSON FOR MAILONLINE

A mysteriously bright light in the sky was caused by a distant star being 'squeezed like a toothpaste tube' by a supermassive black hole, a study has found.

Astronomers at the Zwicky Transient Facility in California were mystified when they detected a flash that gave off more light than a trillion suns back in February.

Now, the team has revealed that the light was the result of a tidal disruption event (TDE), where a star wanders a little too close to a black hole and is ripped apart by its gravitational forces.

It is being dubbed one of the most violent events in the universe - reaching 54,000°F (30,000°C) - and is the brightest TDE ever witnessed from Earth.

Astronomers at the Zwicky Transient Facility in California were mystified when they detected a flash that gave off more light than a trillion suns back in February.

Pictured: Artist's impression of a TDE

WHAT IS A 'TIDAL DISRUPTION EVENT'?

When a star gets too close to a black hole, it undergoes 'spaghettification' - where it is stretched vertically and compressed horizontally by the strong gravitational field.

These are known as a tidal disruption events, or TDEs, and emit light, radio and other waves for up to a few weeks or months while they occur.

This is because, eventually, the elongated material spirals around the black hole and heats up, creating a flash that astronomers can detect millions of light years away.

The event has been named AT2022cmc, and occurred more than eight billion light-years away - over halfway across the universe - making it the furthest TDE ever detected.

Data collected from it could help shed new light on how supermassive black holes feed and grow.

The flash was first detected during a routine all-sky survey, and was identified as a jet of light pointing directly toward Earth, known as a 'jetted TDE'.

After the star was destroyed, an outflow of matter streaked out of the black hole at close to the speed of light, extending along its axis of rotation.

This emitted X-ray radiation, which was absorbed by dust surrounding the black hole, and re-emitted as infrared radiation, radio waves and visible light.

The jet's unusual brightness and alignment towards Earth allowed instruments across the world to capture it in extraordinary detail, despite its huge distance away from us.

These included the Liverpool Telescope in Spain and European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope in Chile.

Nial Tanvir from the University of Leicester, who was involved with the analysis, said: 'We have only seen a handful of these jetted-TDEs and they remain very exotic and poorly understood events.'

After the star was destroyed, an outflow of matter streaked out of the black hole at close to the speed of light, extending along its axis of rotation. This emitted X-ray radiation, which was absorbed by dust surrounding the black hole, and re-emitted as infrared radiation, radio waves and visible light

The jet's unusual brightness and alignment towards Earth allowed for instruments across the world to capture it in extraordinary detail, despite its huge distance away from us

WHAT HAPPENED DURING 'AT2022cmc'?

A star more than more than eight billion light-years away from Earth wandered too close to a black hole, and was sucked in.

After it was destroyed, an outflow of matter from the dying star extended along the black hole's axis of rotation, and emitted X-ray radiation.

The X-rays were absorbed by dust surrounding the black hole, and re-emitted as infrared radiation, radio waves and visible light.

Dr Daniel Perley, a co-author from Liverpool John Moores University, said that AT2022cmc was an 'extraordinary' type of TDE that 'didn't seem to match any known type of celestial source'.

He said: 'The most known types of explosions are either much faster, much slower, or much bluer in colour than inferred from the data.

'Usually, intense gravitational forces tear the star apart, transforming it into a superheated disk of gas which eventually disappears into the black hole.

'However, in this case, something happened that ejected matter almost at the speed of light back into space.

'The way we describe it is as a toothpaste tube being squeezed suddenly in the middle causing the contents to squirt matter out of both ends.

'Then, as the material collides with surrounding gas, the intense optical, radio, and X-ray emission is produced.'

The research team were able to 'catch this event right at the beginning, within one week of the black hole starting to feed on the star', according to co-author and astrophysicist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Dr Dheeraj Pasham.

It also marked the first time a jetted TDE has been detected from optical light.

Dr Perley added: 'Until now, the small number of jetted-TDEs that are known were initially detected using high energy gamma-ray and X-ray telescopes.'

AT2022cmc marks the first time a jetted TDE has been detected from optical light.

Pictured: Liverpool Telescope in Spain, which picked up some radiation from the jetted TDE

After the initial discovery of AT2022cmc, researchers looked at it with the Interior Composition ExploreR (NICER), an X-ray telescope on board the International Space Station.

They found that the source of the radiation was 100 times more powerful than the strongest ones ever detected.

Dr Benjamin Gompertz, from the University of Birmingham and who led this analysis, said: 'As bright as they are, there is only so much light a collapsing star can produce.

'Because AT 2022cmc was so bright and lasted so long, we knew that something truly gargantuan must be powering it – a supermassive black hole.'

His team concluded that the extreme X-ray activity is the result of the shredded star creating a whirlpool of debris as it fell into the black hole.

'It's probably swallowing the star at the rate of half the mass of the sun per year,' Dr Pasham estimates.

After the initial discovery of AT2022cmc, researchers looked at it with the Interior Composition ExploreR (NICER), an X-ray telescope that operates aboard the International Space Station (pictured)

The results of the analysis of AT2022cmc have been published today in two papers in Nature and Nature Astronomy.

The last time scientists detected a jetted TDE was well over a decade ago, and it is still a mystery as to why some TDEs launch jets and some do not.

It is thought to be linked to the rate the star's matter is spinning around the black hole as it is destroyed, and a particularly rapid spin can power the luminous jets.

As more powerful telescopes are launched, astronomers say they may be able to observe more TDEs and get some answers.

Here's an illustration showing what redshift basically does to the light coming from galaxies moving away from Earth.

NASA/JPL-Caltech//R. Hurt (Caltech-IPAC)

Dr Dr Matteo Lucchini, a co-author from MIT said: 'We expect many more of these TDEs in the future.

'Then we might be able to say, finally, how exactly black holes launch these extremely powerful jets.'

WHAT'S INSIDE A BLACK HOLE?

Black holes are strange objects in the universe that get their name from the fact that nothing can escape their gravity, not even light.

If you venture too close and cross the so-called event horizon, the point from which no light can escape, you will also be trapped or destroyed.

For small black holes, you would never survive such a close approach anyway.

The tidal forces close to the event horizon are enough to stretch any matter until it's just a string of atoms, in a process physicists call 'spaghettification'.

Because it should be possible to survive the transition from our world to the black hole world, physicists and mathematicians have long wondered what that world would look like.

They have turned to Einstein's equations of general relativity to predict the world inside a black hole.

These equations work well until an observer reaches the centre or singularity, where, in theoretical calculations, the curvature of space-time becomes infinite.

01-12-2022 om 23:07 geschreven door peter

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Exoplanet KOI-3010.01 is considered habitable with a probability of 84% – Highest EVER

The transit method was used by the Kepler mission to find a planet that circles the star KOI-3010. Researchers are interested in this world because it is similar to Earth in some ways.

The red dwarf KOI-3010 is 1213 light-years away from us in the constellation Lyra. This star is very old. It could be as old as 13.9 billion years. Planet KOI-3010.01, also called KOI-3010 b, is a warm super earth (it is more than Earth on a mass, but it is much inferior to gas giants). A trip around the star takes about 60 days on Earth.

Diagram showing how the mean stellar flux and temperature of the star they orbit affects Kepler’s discoveries of planets with diameters less than twice that of Earth. The green band shows roughly where the habitable zone ends, and the size of the planets is based on how far out from the sun they are. Click the image to make it bigger.

(NASA Ames/N. Batalha and W. Stenzel)

Environmental factors play a role in how life started and how it has grown on Earth. Its average temperature is 19.6 degrees Celsius. It is 1.35 times the size of Earth. They don’t know much about the atmosphere, but it’s there (there is an assumption that it is almost identical to the earth). The mass index has not been worked out yet. Scientists think that the exoplanet KOI-3010.01 will have a temperate climate like Earth and an ocean that covers about 65% of its surface.

May be an image of map and text

Exoplanet KOI-3010.01 was found to be habitable with an 84% probability (extremely high)

KOI-3010.01 is about 1.78 times larger and 2 times heavier than the Earth and completes a revolution around the parent star in 60.87 days. The exoplanet fits perfectly into the habitable zone.

Artist illustration credit: Michael Taylor

Scientists think that the chemical makeup of exoplanets is very similar to that of Earth. It is important to note that it is in the habitable zone and has an index of 0.84, which means that it is most like Earth (maximum – 1). Researchers think she has a good chance of living because of this.

{ https://theancientzen.com/ }

01-12-2022 om 23:03 geschreven door peter

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Zwart gat verorbert ster op 8,5 miljard lichtjaar van hier en spuwt lichtstraal uit zo helder als 1.000 biljoen zonnen

Artistieke impressie van hoe een getijdenverstoring er zou kunnen uitzien.

Zwart gat verorbert ster op 8,5 miljard lichtjaar van hier en spuwt lichtstraal uit zo helder als 1.000 biljoen zonnen

Dat astronomen getuigen zijn van een superzwaar zwart gat dat een ster verorbert, is zeldzaam. In februari bleek dit spectaculaire kosmische fenomeen zich te hebben afgespeeld op 8,5 miljard lichtjaar van onze planeet. De lichtstraal die met die maaltijd gepaard ging, had een intensiteit van maar liefst 1.000 biljoen zonnen.

Joeri Vlemings

Bron: CNET, CNN

Op 11 februari spotte de telescoop van de Zwicky Transient Facility in Californië een atypische, heldere flits in de lucht. De lichtflits, AT 2022cmc genaamd, was anders dan die astronomen doorgaans waarnemen. Het licht leek zelfs sterker dan 1.000 biljoen zonnen samen en kwam van 8,5 miljard lichtjaar ver. Getallen die écht doen duizelen en voor ons brein eigenlijk niet te vatten zijn.

Toch een poging. Een lichtjaar is de afstand die het licht in een jaar aflegt. Als je weet dat licht met ruim een miljard kilometer per uur reist, dan weet je ook dat een afstand van 8,5 miljard lichtjaar énorm ver weg is van onze aarde, meer dan halfweg het universum. En die duizendbiljoen, dat is dan weer een ‘1' met vijftien nullen. Héél veel zonnen dus.

Astronomen van over de hele wereld waren gefascineerd en er werden nog zo’n twintig andere telescopen ingezet. Het onderzoek naar de spectaculaire ontdekking leidde tot twee artikels die deze week gelijktijdig verschenen in de wetenschappelijke tijdschriften Nature en Nature Astronomy. Hun conclusie is dat het opgepikte signaal voortkwam uit een unieke, extreme “getijdenverstoring” (TDE of tidal disruption event in het Engels). Dat is een kosmisch fenomeen waarbij een ster zo dicht bij een superzwaar zwart gat komt, dat het door de door de getijdenkrachten van het zwarte gat wordt verscheurd.

Dat gebeurt nog: de vorige waarneming is beschreven in 2012. Heel af en toe - in ongeveer 1 procent van de gevallen - gaan zwarte gaten zodanig fel tekeer tijdens hun maaltijd dat de ster aan flarden gaat nog voor ze helemaal en definitief verdwijnt. De enorme zwaartekracht kan dan stukken van dat materiaal met bijna de lichtsnelheid in de ruimte slingeren. De Amerikaanse astronoom John Wheeler vergeleek het met een tube tandpasta die je heel hard in het midden vastknijpt, zodat aan beide kanten van de tube tandpasta wegschiet. Mutatis mutandis gebeuren die uitbarstingen dan aan de polen van het zwarte gat.

Als de wetenschappers het bij het rechte eind hebben, dan gaat het ditmaal om de verste TDE van de vier soortgelijke met zo’n snelle straal die tot nu toe werden gespot. Maar nog straffer was de intensiteit van de lichtflits die van materie uit de binnenkant van het superzware gat stroomde en met een supersonische snelheid reisde. De extreme helderheid kan enkel worden verklaard als de TDE ook rechtstreeks naar ons wees. Omdat het licht van AT 2022cmc op ons afkomt, wordt het niet minder fel naarmate het vordert. Integendeel, de straal wordt alsmaar helderder, nog meer door de enorme kracht waarmee ze uitgespuwd wordt en waardoor ze de lichtsnelheid benadert. Dat effect heet ‘Doppler-boosting’ en is vergelijkbaar met het geluid van passerende sirenes dat sterker wordt als het nadert.

LUISTER.

Dit is het spookachtige geluid van een zwart gat

01-12-2022 om 22:10 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:HLN.be - Het Laatste Nieuws ( NL)

Tiny Cubesat Will Shine an Infrared ‘Flashlight’ Into the Moon’s Shadowed Craters, Searching for Water Ice

Artist illustration of the Lunar Flashlight’s lasers scanning a shaded lunar crater for the presence of ice.

(Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech)

BY NANCY ATKINSON

Tiny Cubesat Will Shine an Infrared ‘Flashlight’ Into the Moon’s Shadowed Craters, Searching for Water Ice

A tiny spacecraft is ready to head out for a big job: shining a light on water ice at the Moon’s south pole.

Lunar Flashlight is a cubesat about the size of a briefcase, set to launch on December 1 on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket, sharing a ride with the Hakuto-R Mission to the Moon.

The tiny 14 kg (30 lb) spacecraft will use near-infrared lasers and an onboard spectrometer to map the permanently shadowed regions near the Moon’s south pole, where there could be reservoirs of water ice.

“If we are going to have humans on the Moon,” said Barbara Cohen, Lunar Flashlight principal investigator, “they will need water for drinking, breathing, and rocket fuel. But it’s much cheaper to live off the land than to bring all that water with you.”

This illustration shows NASA’s Lunar Flashlight over the Moon. The SmallSat mission will have a very elongated orbit, taking it within 9 miles (15 kilometers) above the lunar South Pole to search for water ice in the Moon’s darkest craters.

Credit: NASA

Several previous missions have found evidence of water ice at the Moon’s poles, including Lunar Prospector, the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS) and the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. Additionally, other observations have provided many lines of evidence for deep water ice deposits the permanently shadowed regions across both lunar poles.

Cohen told Universe Today that Lunar Flashlight will be looking for “operationally useful” quantities of ice, meaning enough water ice within the craters or embedded in the regolith that could be easily extracted by future rovers or lunar explorers.

The Lunar Flashlight spacecraft underwent pre-launch tests at a Georgia Tech clean room.

Credit: NASA/JPL/Caltech.

Lunar Flashlight has just one instrument, a four-laser reflectometer that uses a low-power infrared beam to illuminate the permanently shadowed regions in polar craters. The spectrometer can distinguish between dry regolith and water ice, as the light reflected back from the lunar surface will allow the spacecraft to detect water ice absorption bands in the near infrared.

“Infrared wavelengths are absorbed by water,” Cohen explained, “so if water ice there, we’ll get fewer photons back than we what we sent.”

By repeating these measurements over multiple points and across multiple orbits, the Lunar Flashlight team will be able to create a map of surficial ice concentration. This method could allow NASA to not only find reservoirs of ice but potentially figure out how large they are, since more absorption could indicate more water. Cohen said the data they get can be correlated with data from previous missions to help guide future rovers and humans where to find the water ice.

That’s a big task for such a small spacecraft, and Cohen said having such a small footprint to work with was a challenge in constructing the spacecraft.

“Having a 14-kilogram spacecraft means you have to shrink a lot of things down,” Cohen said. “But it also means you must get innovative about what you’re including and what you’re not. That means we could only have one instrument, as we didn’t have room for more. But it’s a great instrument and it’s the first time that active laser spectroscopy will be done at the Moon.”

They also had to make their spacecraft require very low power, as there isn’t room for a lot of batteries.

“Our lasers have the intensity similar to that of a laser pointer,” Cohen explained. “Such low power means we need to be very close to the lunar surface, about 15-20 kilometers away.”

Even a full size satellite with a lot of fuel would have a hard time maintaining a that low of an orbit, so Lunar Flashlight will use an innovative orbit called a near rectilinear halo orbit. This is the same orbit currently being used by the microwave-oven-sized CAPSTONE (Cislunar Autonomous Positioning System Technology Operations and Navigation Experiment), which is conduct tests to make sure this unique lunar orbit is actually stable. The same orbit has been proposed for the NASA’s future Lunar Gateway. This near-rectilinear halo orbit will take it 70,000 km (42,000 miles) from the Moon at its most distant point and, at its closest approach, the satellite will graze the surface of the Moon, coming within 15 km (9 miles) above the lunar South Pole.

“This orbit enables us to come very, very close to the surface when we want to make the measurements and then go very far away as an energy saving measure for the rest of the orbit,” Cohen said, adding that her team is definitely keeping an eye on how things are going for CAPSTONE.

For the primary mission, Lunar Flashlight will get approximately 10 passes of the Moon, depending on how much fuel they have.

“We have an eight-month primary mission, but it depends on fuel,” Cohen said. Roughly 50 minutes after launch, Lunar Flashlight will eject from the second stage of the Falcon 9 rocket. “When we are ejected, the spacecraft will tumble and we need to use fuel to get into the right orbit. With such a small fuel tank, we don’t have a huge amount of margin.”

Lunar Flashlight is considered a technology demonstration mission, as it is testing out several technological firsts, including the first use of the laser reflectometer to look for water ice and the first planetary CubeSat mission to use “green” propulsion – a propellant that is less toxic and safer than hydrazine, a common propellant used by spacecraft.

Another unique aspect is that the “mission control” for the spacecraft is housed at Georgia Tech and will be staffed by a group of 14 operators — eight graduate students and six undergraduates.

“These students helped put this spacecraft together, they wrote all the scripts, they’ll be doing the uplink and downlink – they’re the ones actually in control of the spacecraft. It’s been really gratifying to see such a really meaningful level of student involvement, and they’re going to know the ins and out of operating a spacecraft. You just know those students are going to go on to have amazing careers.”

There have been a few delays leading up to the launch of Lunar Flashlight and Japan’s Hakuto-R Mission, but the launch time is now set for Thursday, December 1 at 3:37 a.m. ET from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida.

For more details on the mission, see the Georgia Tech website and this article from JPL.

01-12-2022 om 21:36 geschreven door peter

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UFOs Might Be Inter-Dimensional!

The post UFO’S MIGHT BE INTER-DIMENSIONAL!! appeared first on L. A. Marzulli.

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01-12-2022 om 20:55 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Wormhole is created inside a quantum computer that 'teleported' a message from one side to the other - and this could help scientists observe the theorized passages in real space

Wormholes are theorized passages that create shortcuts in space-time
It would be a 'tunnel' that connects two distant points, allowing things to travel in a shorter time
Scientists created a 'holographic' wormhole inside of a quantum computer
The team made it by simulating two black holes in the system, one on each side
They sent a message through one side and watched it emerge on the other

By STACY LIBERATORE FOR DAILYMAIL.COM

The first-ever wormhole, a theoretical passage that creates shortcuts in space-time, has been created inside of a quantum computer in a breakthrough that could lead to the first observation of one in space.

While this tunnel is not through actual space, scientists made it by simulating two black holes in the system, one on each side, and used it to 'teleport' messages.

The holographic wormhole will be the first time scientists can analyze how the passage would work since the idea was proposed nearly 100 years ago.

Daniel Jafferis of Harvard and co-author of the study said that the innovation is not a hologram that can be seen but is 'a filament of real space-time.'

A wormhole is a theorized passage that creates a shortcut in space-time, the 3-D 'fabric' that makes up space, which can be warped and distorted. Scientists created one in a quantum computer

A wormhole is a type of bridge that could form when space-time is folded. Space-time is the 3-D 'fabric' that makes up space, which can be warped and distorted.

The passage is described as a structure that connects two distant parts in spacetime, acting as a shortcut from one to the other. And the points can be billions of light-years away.

While Albert Einstein and physicist Nathan Rosen are known for proposing the theory dubbed Einstein-Rosen bridges in 1935, the idea was first shared in 1928 by German mathematician Hermann Weyl.

Weyl, however, referred to it as 'one-dimensional tubes.'

Physicist John Wheeler was the first to call it 'wormhole' in the 1950s.

Maria Spiropulu at the California Institute of Technology and her colleagues used Google’s Sycamore quantum computer to simulate a holographic wormhole.

While an actual wormhole would be powered through gravity, the holographic creation used quantum effects, New Scientist reports.

Scientists made it by simulating two black holes in the system, one on each side, and used it to 'teleport' messages

The team used a qubit - the quantum equivalent of a bit in conventional silicon-based computers - and observed it travel to the next system.

The qubit moved through quantum teleportation, a process by which information about quantum states can be sent between two distant but quantum entangled particles.

The particles interact and share their physical states for an instant - no matter how far the distance separates them.

Alexander Zlokapa, a former undergraduate student at Caltech who started on this project for his bachelor's thesis, said in a statement: 'We performed a kind of quantum teleportation equivalent to a traversable wormhole in the gravity picture.

'To do this, we had to simplify the quantum system to the smallest example that preserves gravitational characteristics so we could implement it on the Sycamore quantum processor at Google.'

The physicists report that wormhole behavior acted as expected from both gravity and quantum physics perspectives.

'The relationship between quantum entanglement, spacetime, and quantum gravity is one of the most important questions in fundamental physics and an active area of theoretical research,' Spiropulu said.

'We are excited to take this small step toward testing these ideas on quantum hardware and will keep going.'

WHAT ARE WORMHOLES AND COULD THEY TRANSPORT US ACROSS THE UNIVERSE?

Space-time can be warped and distorted, although It takes an enormous amount of matter or energy to create such distortions.

In the case of the wormhole, a shortcut is made by warping the fabric of space-time.

Imagine folding a piece of paper with two pencil marks drawn on it to represent two points in space-time.

Space-time can be warped and distorted, although It takes an enormous amount of matter or energy to create such distortions. In the case of the wormhole (artist's impression), a shortcut is made by warping the fabric of space-time

The line between them shows the distance from one point to the other in normal space-time.

If the paper is now bent and folded over almost double - the equivalent to warping space-time - then poking the pencil through the paper provides a much shorter way of linking the two points, in the same way a wormhole would create a shortcut.

The problem with using wormholes to travel in space or time is that they are inherently unstable.

When a particle enters a wormhole, it also creates fluctuations that cause the structure to collapse in on it.

However, some studies have claimed that travelling through these theoretical shortcuts might be possible - in spite of the extreme forces at play.

They could be used to traverse distances from a few metres, across lightyears or even to entirely new universes, some say.

Read more:

01-12-2022 om 18:45 geschreven door peter

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Scientists Send Quantum Data Through a Simulated Wormhole

Simulated data wormhole

The wormhole created by researchers exists purely as data.

(Illustration credit: Inqnet / A. Mueller / Caltech)

BY ALAN BOYLE

Scientists Send Quantum Data Through a Simulated Wormhole

For the first time, scientists have created a quantum computing experiment for studying the dynamics of wormholes — that is, shortcuts through spacetime that could get around relativity’s cosmic speed limits.

Wormholes are traditionally the stuff of science fiction, ranging from Jodie Foster’s wild ride in “Contact” to the time-bending plot twists in “Interstellar.” But the researchers behind the experiment, reported in the Dec. 1 issue of the journal Nature, hope that their work will help physicists study the phenomenon for real.

“We found a quantum system that exhibits key properties of a gravitational wormhole, yet is sufficiently small to implement on today’s quantum hardware,” Caltech physicist Maria Spiropulu said in a news release. Spiropulu, the Nature paper’s senior author, is the principal investigator for a federally funded research program known as Quantum Communication Channels for Fundamental Physics.

Don’t pack your bags for Alpha Centauri just yet: This wormhole simulation is nothing more than a simulation, analogous to a computer-generated black hole or supernova. And physicists still don’t see any conditions under which a traversable wormhole could actually be created. Someone would have to create negative energy first.

Columbia theoretical physicist Peter Woit warned against making too much of a to-do over the research.

“The claim that ‘Physicists Create a Wormhole’ is just complete bullshit, with the huge campaign to mislead the public about this a disgrace, highly unhelpful for the credibility of physics research in particular and science in general,” he wrote on his blog, which is called Not Even Wrong.

The main aim of the research was to shed light on a concept known as quantum gravity, which seeks to unify the theories of general relativity and quantum mechanics. Those two theories have done an excellent job of explaining how gravity works and how the subatomic world is structured, respectively, but they don’t match up well with each other.

One of the big questions focuses on whether wormhole teleportation might follow the principles that are behind quantum entanglement. That quantum phenomenon is better understood, and it’s even been demonstrated in the real world, thanks to Nobel-winning research: It involves linking subatomic particles or other quantum systems in a way that allows for what Albert Einstein called “spooky action at a distance.”

Spiropulu and her colleagues, including principal authors Daniel Jafferis and Alexander Zlokapa, created a computer model that applies the physics of quantum entanglement to wormhole dynamics. Their program was based on a theoretical framework known as the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model, or SYK.

The big challenge was that the program had to be executed on a quantum computer. Google’s Sycamore quantum processing chip was just powerful enough to take on the task, with an assist from conventional machine learning tools.

“We employed [machine] learning techniques to find and prepare a simple SYK-like quantum system that could be encoded in the current quantum architectures and that would preserve the gravitational properties,” Spiropulu said. “In other words, we simplified the microscopic description of the SYK quantum system and studied the resulting effective model that we found on the quantum processor.”

The researchers inserted a quantum bit, or qubit, of encoded information into one of two entangled systems — and then watched the information emerge from the other system. From their perspective, it was as if the qubit passed between black holes through a wormhole.

“It took a really long time to arrive at the results, and we surprised ourselves with the outcome,” said Caltech researcher Samantha Davis, one of the study’s co-authors.

The team found that the wormhole simulation allowed information to flow from one system to the other when the computerized equivalent of negative energy was applied, but not when positive energy was applied instead. That matches what theorists would expect from a real-world wormhole.

As quantum circuits become more complex, the researchers aim to conduct higher-fidelity simulations of wormhole behavior — which could lead to new twists in fundamental theories.

“The relationship between quantum entanglement, spacetime, and quantum gravity is one of the most important questions in fundamental physics and an active area of theoretical research,” Spiropulu said. “We are excited to take this small step toward testing these ideas on quantum hardware and will keep going.”

In addition to Jafferis, Zlokapa, Spiropulu and Davis, the authors of the Nature paper, titled “Traversable Wormhole Dynamics on a Quantum Processor,” include Joseph Lykken, David Kolchmeyer, Nikolai Lauk and Hartmut Neven.

01-12-2022 om 18:28 geschreven door peter

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Unknown space object (meteorite?) plunges into the sea near the Canary Islands

Translation from report diariodeavisos.elespanol.com: A possible meteorite has triggered the alarms in Gran Canaria on the afternoon of this Wednesday. According to official sources, it crossed La Palma, El Hierro, La Gomera, the south of Tenerife and passed through Gran Canaria, to end up plunging into the sea, on the north coast, between the municipalities of Arucas and Guía.

The loud noise generated by the trajectory of the meteorite triggered alarm among the population in different parts of the island, with special emphasis on the Santa Brígida area, where it was even thought of a landslide. The subsequent fire in an area of the municipality suggested that it was due to the impact of the meteorite, something that was later ruled out.

When it entered the Canarian sky, a luminous object of an intense red color was seen and then a trail of smoke. He crossed the western islands in the direction of Gran Canaria.

The alert began at 3:39 p.m. this Wednesday, at which time dozens of people have called 112 reporting "tremors" of origin yet to be identified. According to the sources of the emergency service, they have not had to intervene for the moment and are collecting information about the incident.

"I do not know the origin, but the tremor was quite important. Not only windows, the floor and walls trembled and in the background a sound like a distant explosion," said Twitter user @meteograncanaria.com

The National Geographic Institute has registered the shock, but still does not specify the origin. The authorities are trying to find out the cause of the great noise that this Wednesday keeps Gran Canaria in suspense .

Although it is believed to have been a meteorite, this has not yet been proven. It is said to have been a 3-foot-long object that would weigh many tons. Such an object would cause a huge tidal wave when it crashes into the sea and that does not seem to be the case here. So, was it a meteorite or could it have been something else that crashed into the sea?

Twitter page below: The great roar this afternoon in Gran Canaria was not produced by any earthquake. At our seismic stations we see the noise of some kind of unknown explosion. What we see is sound. Therefore, this is outside of our competences

01-12-2022 om 18:10 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

Donut-shaped UFO over Southern California on 27-Nov-2022

This donut-shaped UFO sighting was filmed over Southern California and it was submitted to our website through our Facebook page. It was filmed on 27th November 2022.

What do you think it is? Real deal or maybe a balloon?

01-12-2022 om 16:54 geschreven door peter

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Synthetic Greys: Artificially Programmed Probes with One Aim in Mind – Gather Information & Survive

According to author and philosopher, Nigel Kerner, we are entering a critical phase in our evolution as a species due to the increasing number of artificial constructs being introduced to us.

Richard S. Syrett, the guest host, joined the team of Kerner and Silverman to discuss the author’s ideas about an advanced race that has developed AI probes known as Greys.

01-12-2022 om 16:48 geschreven door peter

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Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS

Are Aliens Already on Earth? A Mysterious Interstellar Object Crashed in Our Ocean

Are Aliens Already on Earth? A Mysterious Interstellar Object Crashed in Our Ocean! A guest from beyond our solar-system is earth-bound, and we have absolutely no idea. The object wasn’t all that big, just a meter or so across, but its significance is massive. What is amazing here, is that the information about the asteroid was not immediately made public by the Government. It took two men Avi Loeb and Amir Siraj three years to have the government accept the origin of the interstellar object and make it public. Let's check out what it could really be?

#UFO #alien #oumuamua

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THE ALIEN ABDUCTION OF THE CENTURY : LINDA NAPOLITANO STORY - ORIGINAL V MOVIES SCI-FI DOCUMENTARY

Linda Napolitano was a simple New York housewife, at least until November 30, 1989, when in the middle of the night she was abducted by aliens and made to float above the Manhattan sky until she entered a UFO where she was subjected to mysterious experiments.
Hypnosis, aliens, man in black and important political figures, these are the pieces that characterize the alien abduction of Linda Napolitano, what over time was defined by experts as "the alien abduction case of the century".

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Do Habitable Planets Exist Other Than Our Earth? | Exoplanets: Thousands Of New Worlds | Spark

Are we alone in the universe? This question has been one of the greatest mysteries of all time. 20 years ago, individual scientists began to challenge traditional planetary science as they set off to seek, observe and reveal the existence of unknown worlds: EXOPLANETS. The film recounts the epic journey of these astrophysicists, who turned our knowledge of the universe upside down, in their quest for extraterrestrial life.

Massive, Unidentified Object 75 Miles Wide Detected By Scientists At NASA

Massive, Unidentified Object 75 Miles Wide Just Detected By Scientists At NASA.
Recently, astronomers spotted a massive, 75 miles wide strange object approaching the outer regions of our solar system. The discovery soon caused ripples of excitement and curiosity within the planetary science community because the object is of an unusually large size and of an abnormal origin.
The object is approaching our Solar System from the Oort Cloud, a huge region surrounding the Sun that starts far, far beyond the orbit of Neptune, where no manmade object has been able to get at properly, yet.
Studying the mysterious object could change everything for astronomers and astronomy, to say the very least.
This is the shocking discovery that was made by NASA of an unidentified object entering our solar system.

NASA Finds An Object That’s Eating Galaxies

There's something huge and massive out there deep in the universe, some unknown force that is pulling on everything, and accelerating all galaxies towards the unknown, including our own Milky Way.

But that's not all, astronomers may have just found something even bigger and more mysterious! What is this unknown force, and will it destroy everything in the universe?

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James Webb Telescope Discovers New Exoplanet Near Earth Where Humans Came From?

The James Webb Space Telescope demonstrated its ability to transform exoplanet research by capturing the first direct image of a planet orbiting a faraway star. Only approximately two dozen exoplanets have been directly imaged; the vast majority have only been detected by the transient dimming of the stars they orbit. However, that might soon alter. A planet outside of our solar system has been directly photographed for the first time by the James Webb Space Telescope less than two months after it began its science operations. Watch on as we walk you through how important this breakthrough is for the discovery of a new habitable planet!

Webb Discoved Artifical Light On Proxima B & What This Could Mean!

Did the James Webb Space Telescope detect artificial lights on Proxima B, an exoplanet in our neighboring galaxy? If so, this could be evidence of intelligent life on the planet. The lights were seen by the most powerful telescope in existence and are suggestive of a civilization using powerful artificial lights. So what's the reality behind this strange phenomenon? Stay tuned as we explore this possibility in more detail.

In today's video we look at Webb Discoved Artifical Light On Proxima B & What This Could Mean!...Keep watching to see What possibilties lay ahead for detection of alien life

Subscribe for space news & discoveries, James Webb Space Telescope, Hubble, SpaceX, and NASA news. As well as updates on the Moon and Mars missions. Inspired by Space Awesome, Space Rumor, Future Space, Exoplanet, Space News Unfold, Insane Curiosity, Future Unity, The Space Wind, History of the Universe, Lift-Off, Space Insider, Atomix, Tech Space, thebhp, TheSimplySpace, The Secrets of The Universe and Space Hub.

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Finally! NASA Announces What's Inside a Black Hole and It's Horrifying

Finally! NASA has announced what's inside a Black Hole! And man...it's *spooky*! Watch the video to find out more, and be sure to share with your friends so they can watch too!

Watch this video to find out what's inside a Black Hole, and be sure to share it with your friends to teach them about the universe! Black holes are some of the most mysterious things in the universe, and this video will shed light on what's inside them.

8 Mind Blowing Facts About Space You Did Not Know About!

Hey there fact finders! Knowledge is power!

Space is full of mysteries! The more we learn about how the universe functions, the more we realize how little we still know. All we do is wonder about what’s out there and what’s happening there. The fact is that we all know that it’s magnificent and big, but we don't know how big or how beautiful our space is. And if you are also curious about the space go ahead and watch this video.

14 Hollywood Myths About Space

You grow up seeing the bright yellow sun in the sky. You hear about the dark side of the Moon, and watch epic space battles in your favorite sci-fi movies. Then one day you find out none of it is true at all! Today's that day, Bright Sider. The sun isn't yellow, there is no dark side of the moon, and explosions can't really happen in the vacuum of space. That and more truths about common myths most people have no idea about but it's time to finally debunk them! ? Animation is created by Bright Side.

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