Earth's weird 'quasi-moon' Kamo'oalewa is a fragment blasted out of big moon crater

Kamo'oalewa, which means "an oscillating celestial object" in Hawaiian, was later found to orbit the sun in synchronization with Earth and is spinning extremely fast for an asteroid. These puzzling characteristics led scientists to investigate the quasi-moon's origins. In 2021, research revealed that Kamo'oalewa's composition is similar to rocks recovered from the moon, hinting at its lunar origin. The question was, Where exactly on the moon did it come from?

Related: 

• A 'quasi-moon' asteroid companion of Earth may actually be a moon relic

"Our major findings are that Kamo’oaelewa originated from the moon, and not from the asteroid belt, contrary to the majority of asteroids belonging to the NEO population," Patrick Michel, team member and senior researcher at Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), France's state research agency, told Space.com. 

"Like detectives, we used all known information regarding this Kamo‘oalewa and the lunar surface to derive a scenario for the origin of this object, starting from the impact that produced the Giordano Bruno crater," Michel said.

Robert Lea

Senior Writer

Robert Lea is a science journalist in the U.K. whose articles have been published in Physics World, New Scientist, Astronomy Magazine, All About Space, Newsweek and ZME Science. He also writes about science communication for Elsevier and the European Journal of Physics. Rob holds a bachelor of science degree in physics and astronomy from the U.K.’s Open University. Follow him on Twitter @sciencef1rst.

{ https://www.space.com/ }

24-04-2024 om 17:04 geschreven door peter  

But one possible savior could be the private aerospace sector, whose biggest player is SpaceX.

WHAT’S GOING ON WITH MARS SAMPLE RETURN?

On our planet, the samples would reveal untold secrets about the big “if” in space science: Are we alone in the universe? Over the last several decades, robotic explorers have gleaned from the reddish landscape that life may have had the right conditions to flourish on the fourth rock from the Sun. Scientists might be able to prove this tantalizing possibility if they can get ahold of these rocks. The Voyager golden records, the myriad of international missions that have orbited Mars, and the host of upcoming missions to the possibly aquatic moons in the outer Solar System, would win an incredible endorsement.

Extending the mission timeline is what makes the most sense to preserve the MSR plan as it currently exists, Casey Dreier, chief of space policy at the non-profit The Planetary Society, told The New York Times on Monday.

But NASA leadership does not want to wait until 2040. “That is unacceptable to wait that long. It’s the decade of the 2040s that we are going to be landing astronauts on Mars. It’s also unacceptable at $11 billion,” NASA Administrator Bill Nelson told reporters at a news conference on Monday.

NASA will ask for proposals from the private sector to find solutions that would offset costs and maintain the project’s integrity. In addition to that, NASA will develop “a revised plan that leverages innovation and proven technology,” according to their published announcement.

WHAT COULD PUT MARS SAMPLE RETURN BACK ON TRACK?

NASA has historically leveraged its partnerships with the private sector to save on costs. For its Artemis program, which marks NASA’s first major crewed return to the Moon since Apollo, the agency has already issued contracts for companies to launch instruments for studying the lunar environment in preparation for crews and has selected proposals for crewed Moon rovers.

MSR’s architecture shares some similarities with that of Artemis III, of which SpaceX will play a key role.

NASA is now building upon the success, and resolving issues, from 2022’s Artemis I mission. For Artemis II, four astronauts are currently in training to fly around the Moon and back as early as September 2025. Then on Artemis III, the program scales up in a whole new way.

SpaceX holds the contract to build the Starship human landing system for NASA, which would ferry astronauts from lunar orbit to the Moon’s surface, and then carry them back up there.

The vehicle will reach the Moon before the four Artemis III astronauts set sail there, according to NASA. Soon after the Orion capsule arrives with the crew, it will rendezvous with the SpaceX lander, and two brave explorers will get onboard to become the first people to descend to and walk on the Moon’s surface since 1972. When the week of the surface expedition ends, Starship would ferry the duo up to meet the orbital Orion capsule, which would then exit the Moon’s environment and fly the crew back to Earth

Artemis III’s sequence resembles, in part, what must happen on Mars Sample Return. Titanium tubes containing the Red Planet samples would be placed on a spacecraft that could launch them into Martian orbit. Here, another spacecraft would jet off to Earth, carrying the samples to their new home.

“The challenges of getting off the surface of the Moon have been demonstrated already through the Apollo missions,” Dianne DeTurris, an aerospace engineer at California Polytechnic State University, tells Inverse in an email. “A vehicle got off the surface with people onboard successfully 6 times. The issues for getting on and off of Mars are similar, but the distance to travel to get there is much greater, and with that, there is a greater signal lag due to the time difference. Can it be done? Yes. Will it be done? Very likely. The technology exists already, it is just about finding a cost-effective way to execute the task.”

In February, Dreier wrote a column for The Planetary Society arguing that Starship likely wouldn’t come to MSR’s rescue. Among several reasons he cited, a November 2023 report from the U.S. Government Accountability Office says the Starship human landing system for Artemis III is running into delays.

“NASA remains responsible for its own destiny,” Dreier wrote. For now, MSR and the first modern human landing seem so close — but just out of reach.

{ https://www.inverse.com/ }

24-04-2024 om 16:46 geschreven door peter  

Voyager 1 Just Sent Its First Coherent Message Back to NASA In Months

A clever programming fix has cured the spacecraft's electronic aphasia.

BY KIONA SMITH

 

NASA/JPL

“In the last decade, I have learned from Voyager that there is (almost) always a way around a problem, no matter how dire it is,” Voyager mission assurance manager Bruce Waggoner told Inverse in March. “You just have to think ‘outside the box’ when people tell you not to do so.”

FLIPPED BITS AND ELECTRONIC GIBBERISH

Back in November, a passing cosmic ray hit one of Voyager 1’s three onboard computers, and it “flipped a bit” (or altered a tiny unit of data) in the spacecraft’s Flight Data Subsystem. This unit of data happened to be a key piece of the code that tells Voyager 1 how to package up science and engineering data, including information about its own condition, before sending the message to Earth.

Like the robot version of a person recovering from a stroke, Voyager 1 could receive and understand messages from home, and it could gather data to send back. But when it tried to “speak,” its data came out as a gibberish of random 0s and 1s.

Engineers at NASA realized that to fix the problem, they needed to reprogram Voyager 1 with the correct code. However, there wasn’t enough data storage space on the Flight Data Subsystem computer to hold it all. The programmers had to split the code into sections, which could be tucked into Voyager 1’s computer wherever there was room. Then include instructions about where to find each one.

On April 18, Voyager 1’s team transmitted the new code to the distant spacecraft. Then they waited. It took 22.5 hours for the data, moving at the speed of light, to cross more than 15 billion miles of space to reach Voyager 1, and then it took another 22.5 hours for Voyager 1’s response to cross the vastness of space and reach NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. But after a tense 45 hours, on April 20, the team downloaded Voyager 1’s message: a clear, understandable status update declaring that all was well with the intrepid space robot.

The Voyager 1 team will spend the next few weeks reworking the code that packages science data, and they expect Voyager 1 to return to sending back reports from the edge of the Solar System — ones its human operators can actually read.

Meanwhile, Voyager 2, a well-behaved space robot that hasn’t been in the news lately, is still cruising out of the Solar System on its own trajectory. NASA says it hopes to keep both missions gathering data and calling home until around 2035.

{ https://www.inverse.com/ }

24-04-2024 om 16:34 geschreven door peter  

Unveiling the Sky: A Closer Look at The UFOs of Soesterberg Documentary

In a world brimming with tales of the unknown, The UFOs of Soesterberg emerges as a beacon of rationality, casting a refreshing light on the enigmatic phenomenon of UFO sightings. Directed by Bram Roza, this documentary delves into a notable event in 1979, where military personnel in the Netherlands reported an unexplained aerial object. Unlike typical sensationalist narratives, Roza’s film stands out for its sober, scientific scrutiny, intertwined with a dash of dry humor, providing a compelling narrative that appeals to skeptics and believers alike.

Roza, with a background in documentary filmmaking, approaches the subject of UFOs with a unique blend of skepticism and open-mindedness. Through The UFOs of Soesterberg, he navigates the fine line between dismissing the unexplained and indulging in fantastical theories. His previous work, including the documentary about the Dutch horror movie The Johnsons, showcases his ability to engage audiences with intriguing subjects, making him a respected figure in the documentary filmmaking community.

What sets this documentary apart is not just its focus on a historical sighting by credible witnesses but also its commitment to demystifying the phenomenon. Roza’s methodical investigation, coupled with his initiative to set up a hotline for UFO sightings, exemplifies a dedication to uncovering the truth behind these mysterious occurrences. The film’s tagline, “Close Encounters of the Dutch Kind,” hints at the numerous sightings in the region, inviting viewers to explore the plausibility of each account.

The UFOs of Soesterberg refuses to offer easy answers or engage in speculation, treating its subjects—both the witnesses and the skeptics—with dignity and respect. The use of animations and drawings for re-enactments adds a visual richness to the documentary, steering clear of the talking-heads format that plagues many documentaries in this genre.

As the documentary tours the Netherlands, captivating audiences with sold-out screenings, it’s clear that Roza has struck a chord. His work not only provides a “glass of water for sane people” amidst the sea of sensationalism surrounding UFOs but also ignites a conversation about the importance of approaching the unexplained with both curiosity and critical thinking.

In the landscape of UFO-related content, The UFOs of Soesterberg stands as a testament to the power of documentary filmmaking that respects its subjects and its audience. Bram Roza’s work is a crucial addition to the discourse on UFO sightings, offering a balanced perspective that is sorely needed.

VIDEOS

• https://youtu.be/sYfI_LpKN-s
• https://youtu.be/m9_k3slyuF4

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

24-04-2024 om 16:19 geschreven door peter  

Na reis van 8 miljard jaar bereikte het zonet onze aarde

Een enorme flits van radiogolven werd in 2022 aan de hemel van onze planeet gedetecteerd, en dit na een reis die maar liefst acht miljard jaar duurde. Dat blijkt uit een onlangs gepubliceerd wetenschappelijk onderzoek. Dit fenomeen, door wetenschappers een ‘snelle radio-uitbarsting’ genoemd, werd voor het eerst waargenomen in 2007 en blijft nog steeds grotendeels een mysterie.

Volgens een studie die op 19 oktober in het tijdschrift Science werd gepubliceerd, had geen van de eerder waargenomen ‘snelle radio-uitbarstingen’ (of FRB’s) een zo verre oorsprong of een kracht die vergelijkbaar is met deze die in 2022 werd bestudeerd door het ASKAP-radiotelescoopnetwerk, gevestigd in West Australië.

Ondanks de beperkte duur van slechts minder dan een milliseconde, zou deze explosie van elektromagnetische golven die acht miljard jaar geleden plaatsvond, volgens CNN een hoeveelheid energie hebben vrijgemaakt die equivalent is aan de energie die onze zon over een periode van dertig jaar heeft uitgestraald.

Sinds hun eerste detectie in 2007 zijn er ongeveer duizend FRB’s gesignaleerd, maar de precieze oorsprong van deze signalen blijft vaak onbekend. Voor de FRB die in 2022 werd gedetecteerd, gebruikten wetenschappers de European Very Large Telescope (VLT) vanuit de Atacama-woestijn in Chili. Ze slaagden erin de bron van de emissies te lokaliseren in een groep van twee of drie sterrenstelsels midden in het proces van fusie, interacties en vorming van nieuwe sterren.

Deze ontdekking lijkt de huidige theorieën te bevestigen dat snelle radio-uitbarstingen afkomstig zouden kunnen zijn van magnetars (een zeldzaam type neutronenster) of andere extreem energetische astronomische objecten die het gevolg zijn van exploderende sterren.

FRB's zijn van groot belang voor astronomen omdat hun onderzoek zou kunnen helpen bij het oplossen van andere mysteries van het universum, waaronder die van 'ontbrekende materie'.

• (FVDV and LpR for Tagtik/Source: Courrier International/Illustration picture: Pixabay via Pexels)

 { https://www.msn.com/nl-be/ }

24-04-2024 om 15:59 geschreven door peter  

Asteroids have also been known to “photobomb” images acquired by Hubble of distant cosmic objects like UGC 12158 (see image above). By knowing Hubble’s position when it took exposures of asteroids and measuring the curvature of the streaks they leave, scientists can determine the asteroids’ distances and estimate the shapes of their orbits. The ability to do this with large samples allows astronomers to test theories about Main Asteroid Belt formation and evolution. As Martin said in a recent ESA Hubble press release:

“We are getting deeper into seeing the smaller population of main-belt asteroids. We were surprised to see such a large number of candidate objects. There was some hint that this population existed, but now we are confirming it with a random asteroid population sample obtained using the whole Hubble archive. This is important for providing insights into the evolutionary models of our Solar System.”

According to one widely accepted model, small asteroids are fragments of larger asteroids that have been colliding and grinding each other down over billions of years. A competing theory states that small bodies formed as they appear today billions of years ago and have not changed much since. However, astronomers can offer no plausible mechanism for why these smaller asteroids would not accumulate more dust from the circumstellar disk surrounding our Sun billions of years ago (from which the planets formed).

In addition, astronomers have known for some time that collisions would have left a certain signature that could be used to test the current Main Belt population. In 2019, astronomers from the European Science and Technology Centre (ESTEC) and the European Space Astronomy Center’s Science Data Center (ESDC) came together with the world’s largest and most popular citizen-science platform (Zooniverse) and Google to launch the citizen-science project Hubble Asteroid Hunter (HAH) to identify asteroids in archival Hubble data.

The HAH team comprised 11,482 citizen-science volunteers who perused 37,000 Hubble images spanning 19 years. After providing nearly two million identifications, the team was given a training set for an automated algorithm to identify asteroids based on machine learning. This yielded 1,701 asteroid trails, with 1,031 corresponding to previously uncatalogued asteroids – about 400 of which were below 1 km (~1090 ft) in size. Said Martin:

“Asteroid positions change with time, and therefore you cannot find them just by entering coordinates, because they might not be there at different times. As astronomers we don’t have time to go looking through all the asteroid images. So we got the idea to collaborate with more than 10,000 citizen-science volunteers to peruse the huge Hubble archives.”

This pioneering approach may be effectively applied to datasets accumulated by other asteroid-hunting observatories, such as NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope and Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). Once the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has accumulated a large enough dataset, the same method could also be applied to its archival data. As a next step, the HAH project will examine the streaks of previously unknown asteroids to characterize their orbits, rotation periods, and other properties.

Further Reading:

• ESA Hubble, 
• Astronomy & Astrophysics

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

23-04-2024 om 23:42 geschreven door peter  

The TRAPPIST-1 system has been the focal point of attention ever since astronomers confirmed the presence of three exoplanets in 2016, which grew to seven by the following year. As one of many systems with a low-mass, cooler M-type (red dwarf) parent star, there are unresolved questions about whether any of its planets could be habitable. Much of this concerns the variable and unstable nature of red dwarfs, which are prone to flare activity and may not produce enough of the necessary photons to power photosynthesis.

With so many rocky planets found orbiting red dwarf suns, including the nearest exoplanet to our Solar System (Proxima b), many astronomers feel these systems would be the ideal place to look for extraterrestrial life. At the same time, they’ve also emphasized that these planets would need to have thick atmospheres, intrinsic magnetic fields, sufficient heat transfer mechanisms, or all of the above. Determining if exoplanets have these prerequisites for life is something that the JWST and other next-generation telescopes – like the ESO’s proposed Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) – are expected to enable.

But even with these and other next-generation instruments, there is still the question of what biosignatures we should look for. As noted, our planet, its atmosphere, and all life as we know it have evolved considerably over the past four billion years. During the Archean Eon (ca. 4 to 2.5 billion years ago), Earth’s atmosphere was predominantly composed of carbon dioxide, methane, and volcanic gases, and little more than anaerobic microorganisms existed. Only within the last 1.62 billion years did the first multi-celled life appear and evolve to its present complexity.

Moreover, the number of evolutionary steps (and their potential difficulty) required to get to higher levels of complexity means that many planets may never develop complex life. This is consistent with the Great Filter Hypothesis, which states that while life may be common in the Universe, advanced life may not. As a result, simple microbial biospheres similar to those that existed during the Archean could be the most common. The key, then, is to conduct searches that would isolate biosignatures consistent with primitive life and the conditions that were common to Earth billions of years ago.

As Dr. Jake Eager-Nash, a postdoctoral research fellow at the University of Victoria and the lead author of the study, explained to Universe Today via email:

“I think the Earth’s history provides many examples of what inhabited exoplanets may look like, and it’s important to understand biosignatures in the context of Earth’s history as we have no other examples of what life on other planets would look like. During the Archean, when life is believed to have first emerged, there was a period of up to around a billion years before oxygen-producing photosynthesis evolved and became the dominant primary producer, oxygen concentrations were really low. So if inhabited planets follow a similar trajectory to Earth, they could spend a long time in a period like this without biosignatures of oxygen and ozone, so it’s important to understand what Archean-like biosignatures look like.”

For their study, the team crafted a model that considered Archean-like conditions and how the presence of early life forms would consume some elements while adding others. This yielded a model in which simple bacteria living in oceans consume molecules like hydrogen (H) or carbon monoxide (CO), creating carbohydrates as an energy source and methane (CH₄) as waste. They then considered how gases would be exchanged between the ocean and atmosphere, leading to lower concentrations of H and CO and greater concentrations of CH₄. Said Eager-Nash:

“Archean-like biosignatures are thought to require the presence of methane, carbon dioxide, and water vapor would be required as well as the absence of carbon monoxide. This is because water vapor gives you an indication there is water, while an atmosphere with both methane and carbon monoxide indicates the atmosphere is in disequilibrium, which means that both of these species shouldn’t exist together in the atmosphere as atmospheric chemistry would convert all of the one into the other, unless there is something, like life that maintains this disequilibrium. The absence of carbon monoxide is important as it is thought that life would quickly evolve a way to consume this energy source.”

When the concentration of gases is higher in the atmosphere, the gas will dissolve into the ocean, replenishing the hydrogen and carbon monoxide consumed by the simple life forms. As biologically produced methane levels increase in the ocean, it will be released into the atmosphere, where additional chemistry occurs, and different gases are transported around the planet. From this, the team obtained an overall composition of the atmosphere to predict which biosignatures could be detected.

“What we find is that carbon monoxide is likely to be present in the atmosphere of an Archean-like planet orbiting an M-Dwarf,” said Eager-Nash. “This is because the host star drives chemistry that leads to higher concentrations of carbon monoxide compared to a planet orbiting the Sun, even when you have life-consuming this [compound].”

For years, scientists have considered how a circumsolar habitable zone (CHZ) could be extended to include Earth-like conditions from previous geological periods. Similarly, astrobiologists have been working to cast a wider net on the types of biosignatures associated with more ancient life forms (such as retinal-photosynthetic organisms). In this latest study, Eager-Nash and his colleagues have established a series of biosignatures (water, carbon monoxide, and methane) that could lead to the discovery of life on Archean-era rocky planets orbiting Sun-like and red dwarf suns.

Further Reading: 

• arXiv

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

23-04-2024 om 23:31 geschreven door peter  

POSTED BY NANCY ATKINSON

Purple Bacteria — Not Green Plants — Might Be the Strongest Indication of Life

Astrobiologists continue to work towards determining which biosignatures might be best to look for when searching for life on other worlds. The most common idea has been to search for evidence of plants that use the green pigment chlorophyll, like we have on Earth. However, a new paper suggests that bacteria with purple pigments could flourish under a broader range of environments than their green cousins. That means current and next-generation telescopes should be looking for the emissions of purple lifeforms.

“Purple bacteria can thrive under a wide range of conditions, making it one of the primary contenders for life that could dominate a variety of worlds,” said Lígia Fonseca Coelho, a postdoctoral associate at the Carl Sagan Institute (CSI) and first author of “Purple is the New Green: Biopigments and Spectra of Earth-like Purple Worlds,” published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters.

According to NASA’s Exoplanet Archive, 5612 extrasolar planets have been found so far, as of this writing, and another 10,000 more are considered planetary candidates, but have not yet been confirmed. Of all those, there are just over 30 potentially Earth-like worlds, planets that lie in their stars’ habitable zones where conditions are conducive to the existence of liquid water on surface.

But Earth-like has a broad meaning, ranging from size, mass, composition, and various chemical makeups. While being within a star’s habitable zone certainly means there’s the potential for life, it doesn’t necessarily mean that life could have emerged there, or even if it did, the life on that world might look very different from Earth.

“While oxygenic photosynthesis gives rise to modern green landscapes, bacteriochlorophyll-based anoxygenic phototrophs can also colour their habitats and could dominate a much wider range of environments on Earth-like exoplanets,” Coelho and team wrote in their paper. “While oxygenic photosynthesis gives rise to modern green landscapes, bacteriochlorophyll-based anoxygenic phototrophs can also colour their habitats and could dominate a much wider range of environments on Earth-like exoplanets.”

The researchers characterized the reflectance spectra of a collection of purple sulfur and purple non-sulfur bacteria from a variety of anoxic and oxic environments found here on Earth in a variety of environments, from shallow waters, coasts and marshes to deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Even though these are collectively referred to as “purple” bacteria, they actually include a range of colors from yellow, orange, brown and red due to pigments  — such as those that make tomatoes red and carrots orange.

These bacteria thrive on low-energy red or infrared light using simpler photosynthesis systems utilizing forms of chlorophyll that absorb infrared and don’t make oxygen. They are likely to have been prevalent on early Earth before the advent of plant-type photosynthesis, the researchers said, and could be particularly well-suited to planets that circle cooler red dwarf stars – the most common type in our galaxy.

That means this type of bacteria might be more prevalent on more and a wider variety of exo-worlds.

On a world where these bacteria might be dominant, it would produce a distinctive “light fingerprint” detectable by future telescopes.

In their paper, Coelho and team presented models for Earth-like planets where purple bacteria might dominate the surface and show the impact of their signatures on the reflectance spectra of terrestrial exoplanets.

“Our research provides a new resource to guide the detection of purple bacteria and improves our chances of detecting life on exoplanets with upcoming telescopes,” the team wrote.

“We need to create a database for signs of life to make sure our telescopes don’t miss life if it happens not to look exactly like what we encounter around us every day,” said co-author Lisa Kaltenegger, CSI director and associate professor of astronomy at Cornell University, in a press release from Cornell.

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

23-04-2024 om 23:06 geschreven door peter  

A ‘World-Changing’ Underwater UFO—Caught on Video—Is a Legit Threat, Says Ex-Navy Officer

Geraint Rowland Photography//Getty Images

The Omaha Incident

One incident to which Gallaudet points in particular is a July 19, 2019 encounter between the Independence-class littoral combat ship USS Omaha and a so-called transmedium UAP. In the incident, the crew of the Omaha (sailing off the coast of San Diego) used their AN/KAX-2 electro-optical sensor to record a spherical UAP hovering just over the surface of the Pacific Ocean. The AN/KAX-2 is a stabilized sensor turret built for maritime environments that includes a digital video camera, night vision camera, and laser rangefinder.

The video, seen here, is a recording of a screen showing the output of the AN/KAX-2. The video appears to have been taken with the night vision camera, which uses imaging infrared to record objects in darkness. The object seemingly moves, tracked by the sensor operator, and then stops to hover. The object stops and hovers a short distance above the surface of the ocean. At the end, the object disappears, with sailors remarking that it made a splash as it entered the water. Meanwhile, one sailor off camera radios the other ships in the area—the guided missile destroyers Pinckney, Kidd, and Rafael Peralta—asking for a MH-60 helicopter to be launched as soon as possible.

The video was leaked to UFO investigator Jeremy Corbell Lockyer, and was later verified as genuine by the Navy. A search of the Defense Visual Information Distribution Service (the Pentagon’s web site for releasing official photos and video) shows three of the warships in the encounter—Pinckney, Kidd, and Omaha—in formation in the Eastern Pacific six days later, on July 25.

Sightings in Puerto Rico and Elsewhere

Gallaudet also references another sighting from 2013, spotted by U.S. Customs and Border Patrol personnel. The sighting—which took place near Aguadilla, Puerto Rico—was filmed using a similar imaging infrared camera. The video, shown here, depicts another spherical object appearing to enter the water and then re-emerge without losing any speed. The retired admiral writes, “Over three minutes, the object appears to fly at speeds between 40 and 120 miles per hour, enter and exit the Atlantic Ocean without any significant deceleration, reach a maximum underwater velocity of 95 miles per hour, and at one point split into two parts before entering the water again.”

Other possible evidence cited by the admiral includes an incident in 2022, in which the NOAA underwater exploration ship Okeanos Explorer discovered an unusual series of holes on the North Atlantic seafloor at a depth of 1.6 miles. The centimeter-sized holes were in an unusually straight line and scientists are apparently at a loss to explain their origin.

No Ordinary UAP Advocate

NOAA Ocean Exploration

NOAA image of the holes found in 2022 in the North Atlantic. NOAA states: "A close look at the sublinear sets of holes in the sediment observed during Dive 04 of the second Voyage to the Ridge 2022 expedition. These holes have been previously reported from the region, but their origin remains a mystery. "

Gallaudet entered the U.S. Navy in 1989 after attending the U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. Gallaudet, according to his official biography, received “masters and doctoral degrees in oceanography from Scripps Institution of Oceanography in 1991 and 2001 respectively.” He served with a number of naval oceanography and meteorology commands, and was superintendent of the U.S. Naval Observatory. He assumed command of the Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command in 2014, and served as Oceanographer of the Navy from 2016 until retirement in 2017.

After his Navy career, Gallaudet served for two years as acting administrator in charge of the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Today, he sits on the advisory board for Americans for Safe Aerospace, which describes itself as a “nonprofit organization dedicated to aerospace safety and national security with a focus on Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP).” ASA is led by Ryan Graves, a former U.S. naval aviator who reports having his own UAP sighting on active duty in 2014. In a 2023 op-ed published in The Hill, Gallaudet called UAPs the “story of the century,” and clearly did not rule out an extraterrestrial cause for them.

It’s rare for a high-ranking U.S. military officer to directly address UAP issues, even in retirement, and the incidents Gallaudet calls attention to are unusual, to say the least. Barring flat-out hoaxing by military and civilian government personnel, the videos and photographic evidence are not easily explained. Whether this will result in greater research to the same extent as the UFO/UAP issue remains to be seen.

• KYLE MIZOKAMI

  Kyle Mizokami is a writer on defense and security issues and has been at Popular Mechanics since 2015. If it involves explosions or projectiles, he's generally in favor of it. Kyle’s articles have appeared at The Daily Beast, U.S. Naval Institute News, The Diplomat, Foreign Policy, Combat Aircraft Monthly, VICE News, and others. He lives in San Francisco.

 { https://www.popularmechanics.com/ }

23-04-2024 om 22:54 geschreven door peter  

The Alien Reactor: Insights from Bob Lazar’s Discussion with Joe Rogan

In an eye-opening episode of the Joe Rogan Experience, Bob Lazar, a figure notorious for his claims about advanced technology and extraterrestrial elements, delves into the existence of what he describes as an “alien reactor.” His detailed conversation with host Joe Rogan sheds light on the mysterious technology that supposedly defies the fundamental laws of physics as we understand them today.

Understanding the Alien Reactor

Bob Lazar, who first came into the public eye in the late 1980s after claiming to have worked on reverse engineering extraterrestrial technology at a site called S-4 (near the infamous Area 51), discusses his experiences with a technology that seems to originate from beyond our world. According to Lazar, the reactor operates on an unknown element, which later discussions in the scientific community would relate to the hypothetical Element 115, ununpentium. This element purportedly enables the reactor to generate power without the byproduct of heat, contradicting the first law of thermodynamics which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, and that heat is a typical byproduct of energy conversion.

Zero-Heat Emission and Its Implications

The absence of heat emission from the reactor is a profound anomaly. In traditional physics, any device that utilizes energy—like the simplest electrical device to complex industrial machinery—inevitably produces heat as a form of energy waste. Lazar’s claim that the alien reactor remains at ambient temperature regardless of the power it exerts is particularly fascinating because it suggests a form of energy efficiency completely unknown to current technological capabilities.

Testing the Boundaries of Known Science

During the podcast, Lazar describes how he and his colleagues conducted numerous tests to understand the reactor’s capabilities. From attempting to measure magnetic fields that were non-existent to using infrared cameras that required liquid nitrogen for cooling due to their sensitivity, the tests consistently demonstrated the extraordinary nature of the reactor. Lazar reflects on how these tests not only challenged his understanding of physics but also left him perplexed about the fundamental operating principles of the device.

The Stealth of Advanced Technology

Lazar also recounted observations of the reactor’s operational tests, including how the craft, powered by the reactor, could lift off the ground silently, only producing a faint corona discharge—a type of electrical discharge—accompanied by a subtle hissing sound that ceased once the craft was airborne. This capability suggests a technology capable of controlled, noiseless flight, which is a stark contrast to conventional propulsion systems that are typically loud and produce significant physical disruptions such as air displacement and heat.

Broader Implications and Continuing Mysteries

The discussion on Joe Rogan’s podcast not only revisits Lazar’s claims but also reignites interest in the broader implications of such technology. If true, the existence of an alien reactor and the technology surrounding it could revolutionize our understanding of energy, propulsion, and perhaps the very fabric of physical laws. Moreover, it raises questions about the origins of such technology, its custodians, and the purposes for its use, whether past or present.

VIDEO

• https://youtu.be/fHqYinYGRMg

Bob Lazar’s account, controversial and debated, continues to stir both skepticism and fascination. Whether one views his claims as a peek into covert technological marvels or as fanciful tales, they undeniably enrich the ongoing dialogue between science and the speculative realms of UFOlogy and extraterrestrial technology. As science advances and our capabilities to test and understand unknown materials improve, perhaps the truth behind Lazar’s claims will one day come to light, offering new insights into a universe that remains profoundly mysterious.

23-04-2024 om 22:14 geschreven door peter  

Mysterious Aerial Phenomena Over Langley Air Force Base: New Insights from Exclusive Footage

In a recent and unprecedented event, new video footage has surfaced, showing unidentified aerial phenomena (UAPs) swarming over Langley Air Force Base in Virginia. This footage, obtained exclusively by NewsNation, highlights a significant and baffling aerial display that took place in December last year, capturing the attention of military and aviation experts, as well as the public.

The video was introduced to the public on NewsNation’s morning show “Morning in America,” where Ross Coulthart, a special correspondent, discussed its implications. The footage was captured by Jonathan Butner, a local observer, who managed to film what appeared to be multiple drone-like objects hovering over one of the United States’ most critical military installations.

Analysis of the UAP Footage

The objects captured in the footage resemble drones but display characteristics that are not typical of conventional drone technology. According to Butner, the objects were approximately the size of a car, lacked visible propulsion systems, and moved with precision over the base. This has led to intense speculation about the technology behind these objects, as well as their origin and purpose.

Ryan Graves, a former Navy pilot and the founder of Americans for Safe Aerospace, was also featured in the broadcast. He emphasized the need for a systematic approach to reporting such sightings, especially to understand better and mitigate any potential threats these UAPs might pose to national security.

Government and Military Response

The incident at Langley has not gone unnoticed by U.S. government officials. It has been the subject of congressional hearings, with questions directed towards military leaders about the security of sensitive airspace and the capabilities in place to monitor and respond to such intrusions. Senator Mark Kelly, in one such hearing, probed the adequacy of current defense measures and the apparent ease with which these UAPs infiltrated a highly secure military zone.

Broader Implications

The appearance of UAPs at Langley is part of a larger pattern of similar incidents at key military installations across the United States. The discussion around these events has moved beyond simple curiosity and entered realms of national security, technological assessment, and international relations. The speculation ranges from advanced adversarial surveillance technology to domestic or even unknown entities testing the boundaries of current aerospace capabilities.

VIDEO:

• https://youtu.be/xX2RH-LPNf4

As the authorities work to understand the nature and origin of these UAPs, the incident underscores the need for advancements in aerospace monitoring and defense technologies. It also highlights the importance of creating a supportive environment for pilots and military personnel to report their observations without fear of retribution or stigma.

This ongoing situation presents a complex puzzle that combines elements of technology, security, and policy. As more information becomes available, it will be crucial to address these phenomena with a comprehensive strategy that ensures the safety and security of national airspace. The development of such strategies will likely be a topic of robust discussion and action in the coming months, as the U.S. government and military seek to reassure the public and safeguard the nation’s interests.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

23-04-2024 om 21:55 geschreven door peter  

There is DVD of US Intelligence Members Communicating with Extraterrestrials, Former US Military Claims

Former US intelligence officer David Grusch testified before Congress during the July 2023 UAP hearing, stating that we have numerous spacecraft of non-human origin. If this is the case, one might wonder if any contact has been established between humans and these extraterrestrial species. There have been persistent rumors suggesting that the US government may have signed treaties with these extraterrestrials and has been engaged in collaborative efforts with them over an extended period.

According to a rather extraordinary claim made by former US government consultant Timothy Good, it is alleged that the 34th President of the United States, Dwight D. Eisenhower, had three clandestine meetings with extraterrestrials. Good claimed Eisenhower met aliens at a remote air base in New Mexico in 1954. In more recent times, former Israeli Space Head Haim Eshed stated that aliens and the U.S. government had reached some type of deal to stay quiet about their experiments on Earth and secret facilities on Mars. Eshed went on to claim the existence of a “Galactic Federation” and implied that then-President Trump was on the brink of making significant revelations in this regard.

Video Evidence

During a podcast with former Fox News anchor Clayton Morris on his show Redacted, Joshua Reid, a former United States Navy serviceman with a background in missile weapons defense systems, brought a wealth of knowledge and experience to the table. He opened the conversation by referencing his personal experiences in the Navy, specifically during the years 2004 to 2006. Reid’s background made him intimately familiar with topics related to secret space projects, a subject that has piqued his interest for over two and a half decades.

It is worth noting that Joshua Reid’s extensive research in the field of UAPs and classified information has led him to the inner workings of certain government activities. His extensive four-year investigation revealed a disconcerting pattern. It appeared that military technology, particularly in special access programs, was unintentionally making its way to foreign adversaries, including China. This exchange of classified information seemed to involve universities and professors who were receiving grants to reverse engineer technologies from these programs.

The remarkable twist in this story was that Hillary Clinton’s emails were potentially facilitating the sale of this classified information to China and other foreign entities. China would fund universities, enticing professors to divulge information on special access programs. This enabled them to advance their technology rapidly, potentially reaching parity with the United States.

Former Inspector General I. Charles McCullough III, well-versed in these special access programs, played a crucial role in this unfolding drama. He represented David Grusch and became a central figure in the whistleblower saga. According to Reid, multiple whistleblowers were involved, with two possessing firsthand information and tangible evidence. The fear of repercussions led these individuals to testify in front of congressmen, notably, Indiana Congressman André Carson. However, it was not until these whistleblowers presented video evidence of intelligence community members communicating with extraterrestrials that congressmen took their claims seriously.

The impact of these videos was profound. Congressmen were visibly shaken, with one trembling and another drinking water profusely. This sudden shift in demeanor signified that the evidence was both extraordinary and unsettling. The whistleblowers were introduced to Inspector General McCullough, who had an extensive background in the very special access programs at the center of the controversy.

“I’ve heard that we can confirm this later, but from what I’m hearing, André Carson is this Congressman that they testified in front of, along with a few others. The Congressman didn’t take these guys seriously, but what ended up happening is they pulled out the evidence, a DVD, and they showed these congressmen video evidence of intelligence community members communicating with extraterrestrials. After these videos were shown to congressmen, they were noticeably shaken in fear. One of them was holding a piece of paper and could not stop shaking. Another was drinking water profusely, and this is when they began to take this very, very seriously and introduce these gentlemen to the former Inspector General of the Intelligence Community, McCullough. Hence, he enters the picture as someone who understands these SAP programs, has been read into these programs from back in the day, and is now representing these gentlemen.”

Morris was eager to learn more about the DVDs and the physical evidence related to the astounding claims made by the whistleblowers. He posed the question of where this evidence was currently held and whether the public would ever have the opportunity to view it.

Joshua Reid responded by revealing that the evidence, in the form of DVDs and other materials, was regarded as an “insurance policy.” This meant that the evidence was securely in the hands of two prominent UFO researchers. Furthermore, Reid confirmed that these researchers had not only seen the evidence but also verified its authenticity, which was a significant factor contributing to the growing interest in this matter.

Morris was eager to learn more about the DVDs and the physical evidence related to the astounding claims made by the whistleblowers. He asked Reid where this evidence was currently held and whether the public would ever have the opportunity to view it.

Joshua Reid responded by revealing that the evidence, in the form of DVDs and other materials, was regarded as an “insurance policy.” This meant that the evidence was securely in the hands of two prominent UFO researchers. Furthermore, Reid confirmed that these researchers had not only seen the evidence but also verified its authenticity, which was a significant factor contributing to the growing interest in this matter.

One of the prominent UFO researchers who has been sharing insider knowledge on UAPs is investigative journalist Ross Coulthart. It is quite uncertain if Coulthart possesses this DVD evidence but he did reveal that there exists a huge UFO in the possession of the United States that cannot be moved, and he knows the location of the craft. Ross mentioned the existence of non-human intelligence engaging with Earth for a long time and the recovery of certain objects, but he could not disclose specific details due to concerns about revealing advanced technologies.

Read also:

• Dimension
• US Govt. Has UFO & They Can Go Inside It, Reveals Ex-DIA Intelligence Officer
• Journalist Reveals Bob Lazar’s Astonishing Claim: Extraterrestrials See Humans as ‘Containers of Souls’
• Journalist Reveals Clues to Location of Huge Buried Alien Spacecraft: It can be Stormed like Area 51

In a recent episode of “The UFO Podcast,” host Andy engaged in a thought-provoking conversation with Ross. The discussion centered around the secrecy surrounding UFO sightings and government knowledge. Ross, who has deep insights into the matter, shared his perspective on why certain details remain undisclosed.

Andy began by addressing a critical question that has been on the minds of many UFO enthusiasts: the location of the mysterious craft. He asked Ross whether he could reveal where the craft was being held.

Ross responded: “Let me tell you, I can’t tell you the country it’s in; it’s not America. But what I can tell you is that the place where it is kept is used for another purpose that is a laudatory purpose that’s as much in your interests in your country in the UK as it is in mine in Australia and as it is in America. The simple reasons are that there are other uses for the place where this object is stored, and we could end up with a storm Area 51-type scenario if you came out and announced it.”

Ross went on to explain the potential consequences of revealing such information, including international incidents and threats to the safety of personnel at the facilities. He also emphasized the importance of protecting sources, drawing on his experience as a journalist dealing with sensitive intelligence.

Interestingly, Steve Sprague, a UFO researcher who studied the UAP phenomenon for 30 years, claimed that an aerospace executive would come forward and share the information during the July 2023 Congressional Hearing on UAPs. This unidentified insider is described as a C-level executive within the United States-based company, which, according to Sprague, is a top firm reverse-engineering alien technology.

According to the insider, aliens not only exist but have been present on Earth for at least five millennia, if not longer. Startlingly, the individual revealed the existence of at least two civilizations currently residing on our planet: humans and a group known as the “Ganzi,” originating from a distant part of our galaxy, roughly forty light years away. The Ganzi are characterized as technologically advanced beings who possess knowledge far surpassing humanity’s capabilities.

The insider also touched upon significant presidential briefings that have taken place, shedding light on the United States government’s awareness of these developments. On various occasions, President Biden was reportedly briefed on advanced technologies recovered from the Ganzi. The briefings included demonstrations of lasers capable of remarkable feats, such as extracting elements directly from ore and analyzing biological and geological data.

Videos of these briefings purportedly exist, with one showing Biden interacting with three Ganzi beings through a small device placed in his ear. Notably, one of the individuals accompanying the beings was John Podesta, who later assumed the role of Senior Advisor for Clean Energy Innovation. The insider also linked breakthroughs in fusion energy and laser technology to the company’s efforts in reverse-engineering Ganzi technology.

Sprague wrote, “Date 4 – May 19, 2022, Biden is now in Alaska and stopped off to refuel at Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson. This video is the most incredible of all. Biden meets with three of the Ganzi. Biden puts a small device in his ear and a conversation occurs without sound. The video lasts for nine minutes and then four people enter the area. One of the people is John Podesta. The other three are unknown. The beings leave and the video ends. In September of 2022, Biden names Podesta as the Senior Advisor for Clean Energy Innovation. December 14, 2022, America has a breakthrough in fusion. To achieve this scientific feat – a laser is used. This laser has ‘unique’ properties.” (Source)

Sprague’s claims cannot be verified; however, it is certain that there exists an alien craft, and the United States has successfully accessed its interior. Dr. James Lacatski, a retired DIA intelligence officer who established the UFO program that operated from 2008 to 2010, has confirmed this. He stated that the craft possesses a streamlined configuration suitable for aerodynamic flight but lacks conventional features such as an engine, wings, intakes, exhaust, or fuel tanks.

{ https://www.howandwhys.com/  }

21-04-2024 om 23:55 geschreven door peter  

Terry Lovelace Alien Abduction Is Most Convincing UFO Encounter With Biological Evidence

Terry Lovelace, a retired assistant attorney general and lawyer, who served as a media and EMT in the United States Air Force from 1973 to 1979, claims that an extraterrestrial craft took him. Lovelace claims to be repeatedly abducted by aliens, fitted with a tracking device and experimented on.

In 1973, Lovelace joined the U.S. Air Force immediately after graduating from high school. He received training as a medic/EMT and was stationed at Whiteman Air Force Base in Missouri, which was previously called Sedalia Air Force Base. The base served as a B-2 bomber base and missile base and was home to the 351st Strategic Missile Wing, with many Minuteman II nuclear-armed ICBM silos scattered across the rural area.

Lovelace was assigned as a base medic and drove an ambulance during the graveyard shift from 11 PM to 8 AM along with his partner, who he referred to as “Toby.” One night in January 1975, while on their regular shift, they were outside the ambulance stargazing when Toby, an amateur astronomer, pointed out the constellations and planets. Typically, their shifts were uneventful, but that night turned out to be very significant, altering the course of their lives.

Lovelace (now 69) went camping with Toby at Devil’s Den state park in northern Arkansas. While conversing near a crackling fire, they had difficulty hearing each other due to the loud sounds of crickets and tree frogs. Suddenly, an eerie silence enveloped them. “That sounds kind of clichéd – out of a movie – but that is exactly what happened to us,” he said.

As they gazed toward the horizon, three bright UFOs emerged and advanced in their direction. As the lights drew closer, the two partners could see that they were emanating from a black triangular prism as wide as two city blocks.

Lovelace noticed a blue laser beam rapidly moving across them, possibly scanning their presence. Soon after it stopped, they lost consciousness. Upon awakening, he noticed Toby gazing outside the tent, and spotted a triangle-shaped object hovering above a group of approximately twelve children who were standing in a meadow below them. Lovelace questioned, “Why are these children out here at this time of night?”

“They aren’t little kids. Don’t you remember they took us and they hurt us?” Toby answered.

According to Lovelace, when Toby uttered those words, he experienced a sudden recall of memories of being inside a UFO. In later years, he resorted to hypnosis to recover his missing memories. Through one of these sessions, Lovelace recollected an incident where he had been taken aboard a spacecraft and subjected to medical experimentation by peculiar entities.

Those entities were humanoid forms, but their characteristics were distorted and almost non-human. They communicated with each other through telepathy and seemed to be performing a medical procedure on Lovelace. During his hypnosis sessions, Lovelace experienced flashes of memory where he was on an examination table and screaming, but no sound was coming out of his mouth. He could hear telepathic messages in his head, urging him to stop screaming because they did not intend to harm him and would take him back.

Lovelace said that they had a terrible experience that left their skin red and sore like a bad sunburn all over their body, even the soles of their feet. They had to go to the hospital at the base for two days because they were very dehydrated.

While they were there, they were questioned many times by some men who said they were from the “Office of Special Investigations.” They searched his home and car for a camera that Lovelace said he did not have, but they did not believe him. They also told him not to see his partner Toby again, who was sent to another base. The whole experience made Lovelace have nightmares and affected him mentally for a long time.

Read also:

• Man Who Ran Area 51 Claimed They Had Alien Crafts & Non-Human Beings: So Bob Lazar Is telling Truth
• 9-Minute UFO Footage Captured By Chilean Navy Still Baffles Scientists
• Scientists & Astronauts Claim That Extraterrestrial Beings Live Among Us
• Jacques Vallee On Footage Of UFO Landing At Holloman AFB: Occupant Carried Vertical Staff With Spiral Antenna

Terry Lovelace was profoundly disturbed by his encounter and left with numerous unanswered queries. Subsequently, he authored a book titled “Incident at Devils Den: A True Story,” with the intention of uncovering the facts about extraterrestrial abductions and inspiring others to share their experiences.

During a routine X-ray of his leg in 2012, a foreign object was discovered in his leg above the knee. The X-ray revealed an artificial object, about the size of a fingernail, with two wires attached, which the radiologist believed resembled an “RFID compute device.” The radiologist also noticed a collection of foreign objects in his’s calf muscle and was surprised that there was no corresponding scar in the skin. This discovery led Lovelace to recall a traumatic event from 1977 that they had never intended to disclose to anyone.

The most astonishing aspect of this discovery was that there were no signs of incision or surgery on Lovelace’s leg, and the radiologist who detected the object claimed that an absent scar would mean Lovelace was born with this thing in his leg.

On his personal blog, Lovelace writes:

“September of 2017, I was a guest speaker at a UFO event in Houston. It was my first public appearance and opportunity to speak candidly on the topic of alien abduction. This was the time when I decided to write a book. It’s an important topic. We deserve to be informed and not mislead.

I fear we’ve been desensitized about the UFO phenomena by the media especially the motion picture industry. Close Encounters of the Third Kind was released in November 1977. my experience happened in June that same year. Now, YouTube provides a flood of valid information mixed with confabulation and deception. Know the truth. Alien’s really exist and some live and walk among us without so much as a second look. There are probably many species from different worlds or different dimensions here on Earth today.

Terry Lovelace with former AATIP manager Luis “Lue” Elizondo, late June, 2019.

Credit: Terry Lovelace

Some aliens may actually be our ‘benign space brothers’ as some have claimed. Here to join hands and walk mankind into a new era of peace and higher consciousness. Maybe so, but not the ones we met. The beings we met were monsters. They kidnap people and subject them to terror and brutality in pursuit of their agenda. They are 100% purpose-driven and void of empathy for human or animal suffering. We are their lab rats. Once you’re tagged as their specimen you’re tagged for a lifetime. Like a wild animal on the Serengeti Plane.”

Five years ago, Terry Lovelace published a book that caused significant issues, leading to a year-long harassment incident over his home outside Dallas. Lovelace reports that following the book’s publicity, military aircraft, including two and four-seaters, as well as Airbus 350s with no registered “N” numbers, flew over his house. These aircraft, which were drab-olive in color, were spotted making flyovers at least twice a week, often every day. Lovelace captured many photos of the incidents, including one that appears to show a UFO in the same frame as one of the intruding aircraft.

After publishing a book about his experience, Lovelace received a call from Tom DeLonge, founder of To The Stars Academy, along with General Neil McCasland and Lue Elizondo, who were interested in the X-rays of Lovelace’s leg, which had been injured during the encounter.

Bill Cox writes:

“I can attest to the fact that TTSA was interested in speaking with Terry regarding possible biological effects that he may have suffered,” states former AATIP manager Elizondo in an email. “Biological effects (are) a potential serious aspect of what we studied in AATIP and we now know that certain elements with the U.S. Government are equally concerned as we were. If Terry is suffering any medical consequences as a result of an alleged encounter with a UAP while serving in the military, then he deserves medical care.

“It is my experience that helicopters of unknown utility have been reported by certain individuals. It is not yet known if this is some sort of intentional harassment or simply a matter of being near a congested flight corridor. Obviously, flying a helicopter is expensive and logistically intense if this were some sort of campaign to intimidate individuals on a regular basis. We would need to do additional research to better determine the nature of these incidents,” he added, “before making any sort of proclamation.

“Terry is a good person who is also credible. I believe Terry and others are convinced their experiences are legitimate.”

{ https://www.howandwhys.com/ }

21-04-2024 om 23:26 geschreven door peter  

On April 18, 2024, NASA's Live stream captured the presence of two unidentified flying objects. 

While the International Space Station was traversing Canadian territory, these objects appeared beneath it, prompting NASA to track them using the ISS camera. NASA  continued  to track them until the objects vanished from view somewhere over the North Atlantic Ocean. 

Speculation surrounds the origin of these objects. Considering their distinct flight trajectory and distance from the ISS, it seems unlikely that they emanated from the station itself. 

Characterized by their rectangular shape devoid of visible wings or propulsion systems, these mysterious entities raise questions whether they could be linked to an undisclosed advanced space project or that they are of extraterrestrial origin.

  

{ https://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

21-04-2024 om 22:38 geschreven door peter  

Mysterious Skies: A Close Encounter in Yakutat, Alaska

In the remote coastal village of Yakutat, Alaska, nestled within the enigmatic expanse known as the Alaska Triangle, residents have reported a startling increase in unidentified flying object (UFO) sightings. This area, notorious for its mysterious disappearances totaling over 16,000 since 1988, has long been a focal point for those interested in paranormal phenomena. Recently, several locals have come forward with footage and personal testimonies of an unusual incident involving bizarre aerial maneuvers that challenge conventional explanations.

One of the key witnesses, Nick Pavlik, a commercial driver and fisherman from Yakutat, shared his unnerving experience from a cold morning in December 2019. According to Nick, the peacefulness of the early hours was shattered by an inexplicable sighting. Awakening to the sound of raindrops, he ventured outside to investigate and captured on camera what he describes as sporadic, blinking lights moving erratically above the treeline. The sighting left him with an unsettling feeling, a sentiment echoed by others in the community.

Nick’s girlfriend, Tessa Marie Devereaux, also witnessed the strange phenomena. Stirred from sleep by Nick, Tessa joined him to observe the unsettling spectacle. Her account adds to the eerie nature of the incident, noting that the object seemed to respond with a bright blue flash when she acknowledged its presence. This interactive element of the sighting raises more questions than answers about the intentions and origins of these mysterious visitors.

Cranston Negus, another Yakutat local, corroborated these accounts. Having received a text from Nick about the sighting, Cranston met up to view the footage and later observed the same unusual movements in the sky, describing them as unlike anything he had ever seen. The object’s ability to maneuver at right angles and its sudden flashes of color were particularly baffling.

The sightings in Yakutat do not seem to be isolated incidents. Within days, another local, Quinn Newland, and his mother witnessed a similar phenomenon. While observing the night sky, they noticed what appeared to be a planet moving irregularly, further complicating the community’s attempts to understand these mysterious events.

• https://youtu.be/5qyISB4XJns

These continuous and corroborated sightings from multiple angles suggest a pattern that has intrigued both locals and UFO enthusiasts alike. The Yakutat incidents contribute to the larger discussion surrounding UFO sightings globally and underscore the need for further investigation. Whether these are mere atmospheric anomalies, top-secret aircraft tests, or indeed visitations from extraterrestrial beings remains a subject of debate and fascination.

As the residents of Yakutat continue to gaze skyward, their experiences serve as a reminder of the vast unknowns that still exist in our world and beyond. With each new report, the intrigue surrounding the Alaska Triangle deepens, inviting both skepticism and wonder in the quest to unravel the truth behind these celestial mysteries.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

21-04-2024 om 18:48 geschreven door peter  

It was 1903 that the Wright brothers made the first successful self-propelled flight. Launching themselves to history, they set the foundations for transatlantic flights, supersonic flight and perhaps even the exploration of the Solar System. Now we are on the precipice of travel among the stars but among the many ideas and theories, what is the ultimate and most effective way to explore our nearest stellar neighbours? After all, there are 10,000 stars within a region of 110 light years from Earth so there are plenty to choose from. 

It’s not just the stars that entice us to explore beyond our Solar System. Ever since the first exoplanet discovery in 1992 we have been discovering more and more alien worlds around distant stars. The tally has now reached over 5,500 confirmed exoplanets and they too demand our attention as we reach out among the stars. There have been many ideas and technologies proposed over the past few years but to date, even Proxima Centauri (the nearest star system to our own) remains out of reach. 

In his thesis recently published, lead author Johannes Lebert from the Technische Universität München (TUM) attempts to develop a strategy, based on existing interstellar probe concepts and knowledge of nearby star systems. Lebert was driven by the exoplanet discoveries that continue at pace and the development and interest, both commercially and technically in interstellar probes. Not only does he explore the technologies but he also looks at the returns too. 

In the strategy developed in the thesis he looks at the two main objectives which are duration of the mission and the returns. By returns he refers to the sum of all rewards provided by the stars explored during the mission and of course be largely scientific.  He considers a multi vehicle approach using several probes which do not return to Earth and are capable of exploring different stars thereby maximising the mission returns. Finally he explores the routing of such a mission to ensure maximum mission returns. Succinctly he calls this his ‘Bi-objective multi- vehicle open routing problem with profits.’

The thesis concludes with several recommendation. First that the use of efficient routing around the stars, a more limited number of probes can be used, limiting reducing fuel costs. This should be balanced by the mission returns which increase faster should more probes be used to explore the same number of stars simultaneously. This does however increase mission costs due to increase fuel costs. Whichever strategy is used, small-scale remotely operated or autonomous craft are far more suited to the need. 

Lebert goes on to explain that higher probe numbers also brings the benefit that probes can be tailored to suit the star systems they are destined to explore. Unlike a smaller number of probes that will have to cater for a greater range of systems.  There is a concept known as the ‘derived scaling law’ which articulates that higher probe numbers do inherit a risk of less efficient deployment.

It’s an interesting read that reminds us that, whilst we are developing the probes, and there are quite a number on the drawing board; Breakthrough Starshot, Interstellar Express, Interstellar Probe, Innovative Interstellar Explorer, Tau Mission to name a few, we do need to consider just how we plan, manage and deploy to maximise the scientific gain. 

Source : 

• Optimal Strategies for the Exploration of Near-by Star

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

21-04-2024 om 01:16 geschreven door peter  

Juno made the two close flybys of Io in December 2023 and February 2024. Images from Juno’s JunoCam included the first close-up images of the moon’s northern latitudes. Undoubtedly, Io looks like a pizza – which has been the conclusion since our first views of this moon, when Voyager 1 flew through the Jupiter system in March 1979. The mottled and colorful surface comes from the volcanic activity, with hundreds of vents and calderas on the surface that create a variety of features. Volcanic plumes and lava flows across the surface show up in all sorts of colors, from red and yellow to orange and black. Some of the lava “rivers” stretch for hundreds of kilometers.

Juno scientists were also able to re-create a spectacular feature on Io, a spired mountain that has been nicknamed “The Steeple.” This feature is between 5 and 7 kilometers (3-4.3 miles) in height. It’s hard to comprehend the type of volcanic activity that could have created such a stunning landform.

Speaking of volcanic activity, two recent papers have come to a jaw-dropping conclusion about Io: this moon has been erupting since the dawn of the Solar System.

All the volcanic on Io is activity is driven by tidal heating. Io is in an orbital resonance with two other large moons of Jupiter, Europa and Ganymede.

“Every time Ganymede orbits Jupiter once, Europa orbits twice, and Io orbits four times,” explained the authors of a paper published in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, led by Ery Hughes of GNS Science in New Zealand. “This situation causes tidal heating in Io (like how the Moon causes ocean tides on Earth), which causes the volcanism.”

However, scientists haven’t known how long this resonance has been occurring and whether what we observe today is what has always been happening in the Jupiter system. This is because volcanism renews Io’s surface almost constantly, leaving little trace of the past.

The team of scientists, led by Katherine de Kleer at Caltech and Hughes at GNS Science used the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile observe the sulphur gases in Io’s atmosphere. The isotopes of sulfur were used as a tracer of tidal heating on Io because sulfur is released through volcanism, processed in the atmosphere, and recycled into the mantle. Additionally, some of the sulfur is lost to space, and because of Jupiter’s magnetosphere, a bunch of charged particles whirling around Jupiter that hit Io’s atmosphere continuously.

It turns out that the sulfur that is lost to space on Io is a little bit isotopically lighter than the sulfur that is recycled back into Io’s interior. Because of this, over time, the sulfur remaining on Io gets isotopically heavier and heavier. How much heavier depends on how long volcanism has been taking place.

What the teams found is that tidal heating on Io has been occurring for billions of years.

“The isotopic composition of Io’s inventory of volatile chemical elements, including sulfur and chlorine, reflects its outgassing and mass loss history, and thus records information about its evolution,” the team wrote in the paper published in Science. “These results indicate that Io has been volcanically active for most (or all) of its history, with potentially higher outgassing and mass-loss rates at earlier times.”

Juno continues to makes its way through the Jupiter system. And during Juno’s most recent flyby of Io, on April 9, the spacecraft came within about 16,500 kilometers (10,250 miles) of the moon’s surface. It will perform its 61st flyby of Jupiter on May 12.

JunoCam is a public camera, where members of the public can choose targets for imaging, as well as process all the data.  JunoCam’s raw images are available here for the public to peruse and process into image products. Here you can see the most recent images that have been processed.

Papers: 

1. Isotopic Evidence of Long-Lived Volcanism on Io
2. Using Io’s Sulfur Isotope Cycle to Understand the History of Tidal Heating
   

Further Reading: 

• NASA, 
• GNS Science

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

21-04-2024 om 01:07 geschreven door peter  

A mysterious object found on the floor of the Baltic Sea has baffled explorers for years (

The Baltic Sea Anomaly was discovered over a decade ago by divers looking for treasure, but it remained a mystery for years as to why and how it got to the bottom of the ocean

The truth about a strange, unexplained object lying on the floor of the Baltic Sea that prompted UFO claims may have finally been revealed.

The Baltic Sea Anomaly is said to be over 140,000 years old and is thought by some to be formed out of straight and angular pieces of metal. Discovered by divers who were originally searching for a shipwreck, the object has puzzled viewers for years as no one knows for sure what it is or how it got there.

Swedish explorers Peter Lindberg and Denis Asberg were in the northern Baltic Sea as part of the Ocean X team in June 2011, looking for treasure, when their sonar radars detected the 70ft long Millennium Falcon-looking piece in the canyon of an underwater mountain in the Gulf of Bothnia.

Asberg told TV4 in Sweden at the time: “We were really surprised and puzzled. We were thinking what is that we have found here. This is not a wreck. At that time we thought for sure there was a natural explanation.

"We wanted to look into it some more and decided to keep this totally quiet. We contacted geologists, marine biologists and when they said they had never seen anything like this, of course more thoughts were triggered. It could be something really awesome that we’ve found."

Adding to the mystery of the structure, the explorers explained that there appears to be a long "stair-like formations" leading to a dark hole and another unknown object around 200m away.

The enigmatic nature of the discovery prompted wide speculation with some guessing it could be the remains of the lost underwater city of Atlanta, a rouge member of an alien UFO fleet that crashed on the sea bed or some kind of anti-submarine device left over from the Second World War.

Despite its resemblance to a large rock, some scientists have said that it's not made of natural materials and is in fact constructed of metal. Even more mysteriously, electrical and satellite equipment reportedly cuts out when in close proximity to the object, according to Ocean X diver Stefan Hogerborn.

He said: "Anything electric out there, and the satellite phone as well, stopped working when we were above the object, then when we got away about 200 metres, it turned on again.

Sat nearly 300ft below the surface, the Ocean X team continued to explore the object for years after its discovery, including returning to the scene to produce a documentary in 2016 and taking samples from the site with the intention to find out the truth behind it. However, others have attempted to end speculation, claiming it is simply a natural, geological formation.

Volker Brüchert, a Stockholm University geologist, reportedly studied some of the samples collected by the team and said: "What has been generously ignored by the Ocean-X team is that most of the samples they have brought up from the sea bottom are granites and gneisses and sandstones."

He believed there is nothing mysterious about it, saying: "I was surprised when I researched the material I found a great black stone that could be a volcanic rock. My hypothesis is that this object, this structure was formed during the Ice Age many thousands of years ago." Göran Ekberg, a marine archaeologist at Maritime Museum in Stockholm, said: "A natural, geological formation can't be ruled out. I agree the finding looks weird since it's completely circular. But nature has produced stranger things than that."

Research undertaken by the Stockholm University later established that the Baltic Sea anomaly is the remains of a process of glacial movements that took place in that area of the ocean in the Ice Age period and could account for how the object reached its location.

{ https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/ }

20-04-2024 om 22:40 geschreven door peter  

Five UFO abduction cases that could FINALLY be solved - as new study investigates 30-years' worth of evidence

• Couple 'lost' several hours on night-time drive
• Man was abducted in forest in front of six colleagues
•  READ MORE New witness of 1973 alien abduction in Mississippi

By ROB WAUGH FOR DAILYMAIL.COM

Roughly 100 alien abduction cases spanning over the past 30 years are set to be investigated by scientists with hopes of unraveling the mysterious experiences.

Researchers at Rice University in Texas plan to analyze a trove of archives consisting of thousands of documents in the form of books, journals, photographs, slides, reports, meeting notes and letters.

The cases include the famous story of Betty and Barney Hill, a New Hampshire couple who say they were abducted in 1961 while driving up a mountain.

Other cases include one that inspired a new Netflix show - the Pascagoula abduction.

Roughly 100 alien abductions spanning over the past 30 years are set to be investigated by scientists with hopes of unraveling the mysterious experiences

The 'Archive of the Impossible' at Rice University plays host to material from Jacques Vallee (whose work inspired Steven Spielberg's 'Close Encounters of the Third Kind') and author Whitley Streiber, who claimed to have been abducted by aliens in his 1987 book Communion among hundreds of other abduction stories.

1. The Pascagoula abduction

Featured in the new Netflix series 'Files of the Unexplained', the Mississippi abduction of Charles Hickson and Calvin Parker occurred happened in 1973.

The two men reported to the sheriff's department that they had been abducted by aliens while fishing - and each appeared with a puncture wound in their arm.

Charles Hickson and Calvin Parker claimed to have been abducted in 1973

Charles Hickson and Calvin Parker claimed to have been abducted in 1973

As UFO's blue lights flashed and it descended closer to the marshland below, three, five-foot grey 'wrinkled-skin creatures' with 'pincer-like' claws (illustrated above) seized the two men — subjecting to them to examination, according to Parker, 'just like any doctor would'

Both men passed polygraph tests when interviewed about their experiences - and it appeared their stories matched.

The two men reported being manipulated by aliens with pincer-like claws and experimented on.

Hickson told The Washington Post, 'I was just getting ready to get some more bait, when I heard a kind of zipping sound. I looked up and saw a blue flashing light. Calvin turned around too.

'We saw a 30-foot-long object with a little dome on top.'

Detectives secretly left a tape recorder running to catch the men out but they did not 'drop the act' once police left the room.

Another witness, Maria Blair, recently gave video testimony that was obtained by DailyMail.com, which appeared to corroborate the men's story. 

2. Whitley Strieber

Science fiction and horror writer Whitley Strieber's abduction story in his 1987 non-fiction book Communion has become one of the iconic stories of alien abduction.

The cover image of the book, showing a slender, almond-eyed alien is an iconic image of what UFO fans refer to as 'grey' aliens.

Science fiction and horror writer Whitley Strieber

Christopher Walken in the film Communion, based on Strieber's experience

The alleged abduction happened on Boxing Day in 1986, after Strieber and his wife went to bed after eating Christmas leftovers.

Strieber describes the beings he encountered as 'visitors', but makes no conclusion about their origin.

Strieber wrote, 'In 1985 I had an experience of close encounter that frightened and confused me. I was injured by it but still could not believe that it had been a physical experience. It was just too strange. 

'Still, I was very curious and began going out into the woods at night from our little upstate New York cabin to try to somehow re-engage.'

He has since written several books on the subject of alien encounters.

3. Betty and Barney Hill

Betty and Barney Hill's 1961 experience became one of the iconic alien-abduction stories - with the couple encountering a strange light on a road in New Hampshire's White Mountains.

The couple couldn't remember some of the drive, and their watches had stopped working.

Betty and Barney Hill's 1961 experience became one of the iconic alien-abduction stories

Betty and Barney Hill's 1961 experience became one of the iconic alien-abduction stories

Psychiatrist and hypnotist Benjamin Simon helped the couple to remember their experience of being walked into a flying saucer by grey-skinned aliens.

Under hypnosis, they recalled being attached to needles attached with long wires, as aliens took samples of their hair and skin.

The couple's story became a book and a film starring James Earl Jones - and both stuck by their story until their deaths.

4. Travis Walton

The abduction of Travis Walton in 1975 gathered national attention because of the presence of six witnesses - fellow forestry workers.

On November 5, 1975, the 22-year-old UFO enthusiast Walton spotted a light in a forest, and ignored warnings and ran towards it.

The abduction of Travis Walton in 1975 gathered national attention

His experiences formed the basis of a 1993 film

Struck by a blue light, Travis disappeared and the other forestry workers fled the scene.

It was the first UFO abduction to be reported while the victim was still missing.

Seven days later, Walton reappeared - and revealed that he awoke being observed by three small aliens, and then found himself walking along a highway five days later.

He detailed his experiences in a book, which became the 1993 film Fire in the Sky: in 2021, he appeared on Joe Rogan's podcast.

5. Dr Leo Sprinkle

Many UFO abduction experiences are frightening and disturbing - but some who claim to have encountered aliens have a more positive view of their abductee.

Dr Leo Sprinkle, a psychologist at the University of Wyoming, hypnotically regressed alleged abductees in the Sixties, following Betty and Barney Hill's encounter.

Dr Leo Sprinkle, a psychologist at the University of Wyoming, became involved in hypnotically regressing alien abductees

Sprinkle eventually identified as an abductee himself - believing that the aliens are helpful 'cosmic citizens' helping humans to deal with their problems.

Sprinkle went on to hold an annual Rocky Mountain UFO conference on the more positive aspects of UFO encounters before retiring from the university in 1989.

Sprinkle claims that UFO encounters are part of 'cosmic consciousness conditioning', designed to enhance human consciousness.

Nigel Watson, author of Captured by Aliens? A History and Analysis of American Abduction Claims, told DailyMail.com, 'I think it is great that they are conducting an intense analysis of the data in these files, and it will be fascinating to see what they do with this material.

'The major problem with alien abductions is that we have to consider how they come about. Such psychological concepts as sleep paralysis, fantasy proneness and false memory syndrome have all been used to 'explain' alien abduction experiences.

'Even the methods by which we use psychology to examine these processes in pursuit of alien abduction investigation can be conditioned by our culture. 

'In the USA there has been far more recourse to using polygraph tests and hypnotic regression compared to other countries.'

'Besides looking at those areas of 'normal' psychology and sociology, perhaps this new study project might discover rarer factors involved with the abduction experience. 

'Will it even support the popular idea that real extraterrestrial aliens have come here to take and examine humans against their will?'

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

20-04-2024 om 22:10 geschreven door peter  

NASA’s Juno Mission Provides Close-Ups of Intriguing Features on Io

In December 2023 and February 2024, NASA’s Juno spacecraft made extremely close flybys of Jupiter’s volcanic moon Io, getting within about 1,500 km (930 miles) of the surface and obtaining the first close-up images of the moon’s northern latitudes. Planetary scientists have now transformed the images collected during the flybys into animations that highlight two of Io’s most dramatic features: a mountain and an almost glass-smooth lake of cooling lava called Loki Patera.

The JunoCam instrument aboard NASA’s Juno spacecraft imaged Io, the most geologically active body in our Solar System, on February 3, 2024, from a distance of about 7,904 km (4,911 miles).

Image credit: NASA / SwRI / MSSS.

“Io is simply littered with volcanoes, and we caught a few of them in action,” said Juno’s principal investigator Scott Bolton, director of the Space Science and Engineering Division at the Southwest Research Institute.

“We also got some great close-ups and other data on a 200-km- (127-mile-) long lava lake called Loki Patera.”

“There is amazing detail showing these crazy islands embedded in the middle of a potentially magma lake rimmed with hot lava.”

“The specular reflection our instruments recorded of the lake suggests parts of Io’s surface are as smooth as glass, reminiscent of volcanically created obsidian glass on Earth.”

Maps generated with data collected by Juno’s Microwave Radiometer (MWR) instrument reveal Io not only has a surface that is relatively smooth compared to Jupiter’s other Galilean moons, but also has poles that are colder than middle latitudes.

During Juno’s extended mission, the spacecraft flies closer to the north pole of Jupiter with each pass.

This changing orientation allows the MWR instrument to improve its resolution of Jupiter’s northern polar cyclones.

The data allow multiwavelength comparisons of the poles, revealing that not all polar cyclones are created equal.

“Perhaps most striking example of this disparity can be found with the central cyclone at Jupiter’s north pole,” said Juno’s project scientist Dr. Steve Levin, a researcher at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

“It is clearly visible in both infrared and visible light images, but its microwave signature is nowhere near as strong as other nearby storms.”

“This tells us that its subsurface structure must be very different from these other cyclones.”

“The MWR team continues to collect more and better microwave data with every orbit, so we anticipate developing a more detailed 3D map of these intriguing polar storms.”

{ https://www.sci.news/ }

20-04-2024 om 21:07 geschreven door peter