Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 12 YEARS AND 10 MONTHS.
ON 06/04/2024 MORE THAN 1.951.050
VISITORS FROM 134 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
31-10-2019
Attention cat people. There's a burgeoning theory around the internet that begs reckoning. It's not the theory that parasites in cat poop are turning you into crazy cat ladies, though that's certainly cause for alarm. It's much worse than that. Domestic
Are Cats Spies Sent by Aliens? A Deep Examination of One of the Internet's Best Conspiracy Theories
Recent polling shows Americans love their conspiracy theories. They also love cats. This was bound to happen.
Attention cat people. There's a burgeoning theory around the internet that begs reckoning. It's not the theory that parasites in cat poop are turning you into crazy cat ladies, though that's certainly cause for alarm. It's much worse than that.
Domestic house cats, it seems, may be alien sentinels—sent to spy on us and report their findings back to the mother ship. Or, as some theorists have put it, they're like alien camcorders tracking our every move.
Well, maybe. We humans love our conspiracy theories, and there's a decent chance this is just another among them. As a poll published just yesterday reveals, 51 percent of Americans believe the JFK assassination was a conspiracy; 15 percent believe "the government or the media adds mind-controlling technology to TV broadcast signals"; and 4 percent believe reptilian shapeshifters control the government.
It's impossible to know just how pervasive cats-as-alien spies theory is without an adequate polling apparatus (if you have one, please get in touch). One guesses it's fairly low. Then again, 4 percent is much higher than one might have expected for the lizard people theory, and, according to the same poll, some 29 percent of Americans believe aliens exist and 14 percent believe in Bigfoot, so who knows?
As with most conspiracy theories, the cats-as-alien-spies theory is surprisingly well-developed—and based on a few kernels of truth and genuine ambiguity. How much? Motherboard decided to take a look at some of the supporting premises, one-by-one. A user who goes by the moniker "RedSpider" summarizes the prevailing wisdom in a handy list on the British tech message board, Digital Kaos. I've appropriated his/her list here (lightly edited for style and clarity), with the original points bolded.
Examine the evidence and decide for yourself:
1. There is no documentation before ancient Egypt that mentions the existence of cats. And in ancient Egypt, they were worshipped as gifts from the gods.
As with several of these premises, these propositions are mostly true, but also somewhat disputable. To find out more about the fossil record, I emailed Ryan Haupt, a paleontologist at the University of Wyoming who, as he described it for a previous interview, "studies the lives of modern mammals to better understand what their extinct relatives were doing in the past." He said Egypt was "the best guess" for the origin of the domestic cat species, but noted that "cat skeletons have been found at older sites."
Exporting domestic cats was illegal in ancient Egypt, according to Wild Cats of the World, a book by Mel and Fiona Sunquist, which may explain why they don't appear definitively in the records of other civilizations until thousands of years later than early cat records in Egypt. What older feline skeletons have been found elsewhere don't provide clear "evidence as to whether they were domesticated or not," Haupt said, adding, however, that they "probably" weren't.
"Looking at just skeletons it's basically impossible to say when cats stopped being wild and started being domesticated." Haupt said.
As for cat worship, the picture is a bit more complicated than the conspiracy theorist asserts. Cats were, indeed, revered by the ancient Egyptians, the Sunquists write. Cats were beloved as pets; they were mourned like family members when they died; they were embalmed and buried with varying degrees of pomp according to its owner's wealth; cat cemeteries were plotted along the banks of the Nile; the penalty for killing a cat was death. But cats weren't simply viewed as gifts from the gods. Some of the Egyptian gods were cats, like Bastet, the goddess of joy and love. One ancient Egyptian papyrus depicts Ra, the sun god, as a knife-wielding cat with spots.
2. Science is baffled by a cat's purr, and cannot determine how the sound is produced. (Feedback, much?)
I'm not entirely sure what "Feedback much?" means, unless it means that a cat's purr is some kind of transmission feedback, similar to a cell phone's when held near a speaker. But the broader assertion is, again, partly true.
For this, I started with a bit of internet research. That science doesn't know why cats purr is often taken for granted around the internet, but that only tells part of the story. It's true that cats possess no special organ for purring. But science does know a thing or two. As noted in a WebMD article:
A rhythmic, repetitive neural oscillator [in the brain] sends messages to the laryngeal muscles, causing them to twitch at the rate of 25 to 150 vibrations per second (Hz). This causes a sudden separation of the vocal cords, during both inhalation and exhalation - the unique feline vibrato. "Opera singing for cats," is what animal behaviorist Karen L. Overall, VMD, PhD calls it. But the purr is usually so low-pitched that we tend to feel it as much as hear it.
I contacted Dr. Ken Simpson, of Monon Animal Hospital, my vet back in my hometown of Indianapolis to ask what the latest veterinary science said. (Full disclosure, he's also my uncle.) He said the "physiology remains a slight enigma," but noted that vets have learned a few fascinating things about purring over the years.
"To me, purring is a method of communication that may be derived when the laryngeal folds are dilated with blood due to excitement from stimulation," he wrote to me. "As air flows through the folds, a vibration occurs which creates the sound heard. I have also heard that diaphragm movement against over-inflated lung tissue contributes sounds to the purr. In my experience, cats with asthma and hyperinflated lungs have a slightly louder purr."
There's evidence the behavior is learned, he noted. He described a deaf cat, for example, who never purred. Another cat patient of his had meningitis as a kitten and was learning-impaired as a result; that cat never purred either. Case studies like that lend themselves to the notion that cat purring does indeed, originate in the brain, and Simpson said he saw "no reason to doubt" the "neural oscillation" theory.
Still there's a certain point where the knowledge plateaus: What, exactly, is the neural oscillator? Why, exactly, does neural oscillation exist? And why, in behavioral terms, do cats purr? Those questions remain a bit of a mystery. Alien bio-technology? Transmission signals? It's doubtful, considering some wild cats, like cheetahs, purr as well.
3. If you hold a cat's ears back and describe what you see, it is a perfect match to the classic "grey alien," with its almond-shaped eyes, small mouth, and small nose.
Obviously true. See below. Next premise.
LEFT TO RIGHT, IMAGES VIA FLICKR AND WIKIMEDIA COMMONS
4. A cat can see exponentially better than you. Making it appear that it must be more advanced evolutionarily speaking. How?
The extrapolated version of this, as I've gathered from other cat-as-alien-spy internet detritus, says that cats stare at us with those big eyes because they are, in fact, alien cameras, recording and beaming our actions back to the grey aliens that put them here. I can't find any evidence of anything but standard neuronal circuitry in a cat's brain, but one never knows. We humans have recently managed to build a computer out of living cells, so who knows what alien technology may be hidden in the feline brain?
Leaving that aside, the idea of a cat's eyes being "exponentially better" and that translating into evidence of irrationally advanced evolution is, of course, absurd.
Cats eyes have more "rods" in them than "cones"—the former are responsible for providing black-and-white images, which makes them crucial for night vision; the latter add color and help us discern details. Cats, thus, have better night vision, but they only "see better" depending on your definition. I like seeing in color, so if you suddenly gave me cat's eyes, I wouldn't describe my vision as "better" at all.
A cat's eyes do have a second advantage with regard to night vision. As this New York Times article explains:
Cats also have elliptical pupils that open and close faster and can become larger than our round ones. In addition, cats and some other nocturnal animals have a mirrorlike membrane, the tapetum, on the back of their eyes, which reflects the light passing through the rods back through them in the opposite direction. This "double exposure" allows cats to see well in near darkness.
But suppose we were to grant that cats had "better" vision because they can see better in some ways. That would mean, yes, that its eyes (but not the whole cat) were "more advanced evolutionarily speaking." But dogs smell better than we do. So do bees and mice, for that matter. Cheetahs run faster, birds fly better and elephants kick more ass generally. Are they aliens, too? Doubtful. If any species presents a real anomaly, it's us, with our enormous brains, which are three times bigger than nature typically grants its animals proportionally. I would like to go on the record here to state that if anything is related to aliens, it's probably us.
5. Ever watch a cat wake from a deep sleep and run out of the room in an instant? Transmissions from the mothership coming in, and they must be alone.
We've all seen this happen and I can't find an answer. Evidence of alien collaboration? Put it in the "maybe" column.
6. All things that come out of cats are totally unnatural. (Not of this earth.)
This, too, is absurd. Hairballs are disgusting but totally natural considering cats are hair and all they do is lie around and lick themselves all day. As for their urine and excrement, I don't see how it's any different than any other mammal's, other than its smelling particularly foul.
7. Cats survive situations that any earthbound animal would surely perish in. How can a cat fall out of a four-story building backwards, and land on its feet? (Anti-gravity properties.)
This is partly true. Cats are great hunters, and would probably outlive us humans in the wild if we and our cats were suddenly stranded on an uncharted desert isle or in a post-apocalyptic situation. But so would a lot of wild animals. The landing-on-feet scenario notwithstanding (more on that below), it's hard to conceive of a natural situation in which cats will always survive better than "any earthbound animal."
But that landing-on-its-feet thing is no joke. It's nuts. Folks at the Smarter Every Day YouTube channel offer some great slow-motion footage of a few cat-drops using a high-speed camera. As the host explains, the flipping cat problem was a mystery since time immemorial. Today physicists know a lot more about it, and the physics observed in flipping cats has helped teach scientists how to operate space telescopes.
As series host Destin Sandlin, a mechanical engineer and rocket tester, notes, on the surface a cat appears to violate the physical law of conservation of angular momentum. "I've studied freefalling bodies—my own, in fact—in several different environments, and once I get my angular rotation started in one direction, I can't stop it," he says.
But when the cat's freefall is slowed down, it's clear the cat does not violate the law. It's just extremely, extremely agile. In physics terms it's complicated, but it has everything to do with the way the cat arches its back, extends and retracts its legs, and, in doing so, rotates its body along two separate rotational axes.
So while the theory of anti-gravity properties is certainly appealing, it doesn't, shall we say, carry weight.
8. If you die, your cats will eat you. Not really a link between cats and Aliens, but still pretty creepy.
By all accounts this is true. In 2010, for example, about a dozen cats were found eating the corpse of a northwestern Pennsylvania man who was found dead there with his mother.
But as Chris Gayomali notes for The Week, cats aren't the only pets that eat their owners after they die. Some pets kill their owners then eat them. Gayomali's article includes examples of pet pigs, pythons, a pet hippo, lizards and others, including a pair of Nebraskan pugs who survived on their owner's body for two weeks after he killed himself.
Now may be a good time for a bit more journalistic disclosure by saying that I am, in fact, a dog person. I would happily believe that cats are the only pets that eat their owners if so compelled. But it simply isn't true. Brian Palmer notes in this Slate article that history is rife with examples of dogs eating dead humans, even the corpses of their owners. (Apparently, Palmer notes, there is even a theory among some scholars that Jesus' body was eaten by dogs and that "his acolytes fabricated the story of a reverential entombment as a sort of coping mechanism.")
Our conspiracy theory friends are correct that this is creepy, indeed. But it's hardly evidence that cats are alien drones.
Aztec breakthrough: Archaeologists discover shock tunnel world hidden beneath Mexico City ARCHAEOLOGISTS have discovered a secret Aztec tunnel world nestled below the busy streets of Mexico’s capital city. By JOEL DAY
Aztec breakthrough: Archaeologists discover shock tunnel world hidden beneath Mexico City
ARCHAEOLOGISTS have discovered a secret Aztec tunnel world nestled below the busy streets of Mexico’s capital city.
The ancient water tunnel is thought to have been built by Emperor Montezuma I in the 15th century. Inscriptions, carvings and paintings inside, as well as the tunnel itself, are thought to be linked to the Empire’s god of water and fertility, Tlaloc.
Announcing the discovery, the Mexican Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH) revealed they had found the densely decorated tunnel in the city of Ecatepec de Morelos within the central state of Mexico.
Several carvings out of rock were found inside, as well as chunks of statue thought to have unbounded archaeological value.
According to local media, researchers found 11 carved images on the wall of the tunnel, which measured 27.5ft long, as well as the remains of a wooden gate.
The images inside the tunnel have been linked to Tlaloc, one of several gods the polytheistic Aztecs worshipped.
The tunnel was found underneath Mexico City
(Image: GETTY)
The tunnel is the latest find in a series of excavations since 2004
(Image: CEN/INAH)
Tlaloc was associated as a beneficent giver of life and sustenance.
Despite this benevolent aspect, Aztecs learned to fear Tlaloc as it became apparent that the deity could send hail, thunder and lightening, and for its ability to manipulate water.
Raul Garcia Chavez, project coordinator of the excavation, told local media that his team had been working on the site for more than 10 years - since 2004.
It was then that they launched a conservation project around la Calzada de San Cristobal, the site where infrastructure was built in he 17th century by indigenous peoples, as reported by the monk of the time, Juan de Torquemada.
The water tunnel is the latest find of the project, with previous findings having preceded the current tunnel with different passages - including an area that was once the prospective site for a new bus route.
Ancient archaeological finds keep popping up over the globe, with finds in Egypt usually covered more than anywhere else.
Researchers were recently baffled on finding a coffin among an enormous burial site which was inscribed with “nonsense hieroglyphics”.
The find, just south of Cairo, proved something of an enigma for Dr Kamil Kuraszkiewicz, a top European archaeologist, who failed to translate the drawings.
Ancient rock carvings can be found throughout Mexico; a reminder of its tribal past
(Image: GETTY)
Many artefacts are stored in Mexico's national museum
(Image: GETTY)
This led Dr Kuraszkiewicz to conclude that the hieroglyphs were in fact a poor copy, likely done by an illiterate “scribe” attempting to lift what they had seen on other coffins.
Burial sites are usually made up of noblemen and people of whose status was untouchable.
Thus, inscriptions are more often than not near perfect, with flawless design and patterns, and easily decipherable code.
Mr Kuraszkiewicz labelled the inscriptions as “clumsy” and likely written by an illiterate worker.
Egypt has a rich pre-history
(Image: Express Newspapers)
In total, 36 mummies were found at Saqqare, Egypt’s famous “city of the dead”.
The giant cemetery is home to thousands of ancient corpses and is the site of the Djoser pyramid.
At 4,700 years old, the pyramid is regarded as the first pyramid ever built.
The coffins found in the new site, thought to be between 2,000 and 2,600 years old, were in extremely bad condition.
The bodies inside were only given a simple wrapping and embalming, suggesting the dead were of working or middle class families, rather than the elite.
However, this discovery was not entirely in vain, as it for the first time proved people of lower social standing to have mimicked their rich and famous counterparts.
The hieroglyphs were poor imitations of the real thing
3D Ribcage Indicates Neanderthals Looked Nothing Like We Thought
3D Ribcage Indicates Neanderthals Looked Nothing Like We Thought
An international team of scientists has completed the first 3D virtual reconstruction of the ribcage of the most complete Neanderthal skeleton unearthed to date, potentially shedding new light on how this ancient human moved and breathed.
The team, which included researchers from universities in Spain, Israel, and the United States, including the University of Washington, focused on the thorax - the area of the body containing the rib cage and upper spine, which forms a cavity to house the heart and lungs. Using CT scans of fossils from an approximately 60,000-year-old male skeleton known as Kebara 2, researchers were able to create a 3D model of the chest - one that is different from the longstanding image of the barrel-chested, hunched-over "caveman." The conclusions point to what may have been an upright individual with greater lung capacity and a straighter spine than today's modern human.
The study is published Oct. 30 in Nature Communications .
"The shape of the thorax is key to understanding how Neanderthals moved in their environment because it informs us about their breathing and balance," said Asier Gomez-Olivencia, an Ikerbasque Fellow at the University of the Basque Country and the study's lead author.
And how Neanderthals moved would have had a direct impact on their ability to survive on the resources available to them, said Patricia Kramer, professor in the UW Department of Anthropology and corresponding author on the paper.
"Neanderthals are closely related to us with complex cultural adaptations much like those of modern humans, but their physical form is different from us in important ways," she said. "Understanding their adaptations allows us to understand our own evolutionary path better."
Our Upright Ancestor?
Neanderthals are a type of human that emerged about 400,000 years ago, living mostly from what is today Western Europe to Central Asia. They were hunter-gatherers who, in some areas, lived in caves and who weathered several glacial periods before going extinct about 40,000 years ago. Studies in recent years have suggested that Neanderthals and early Homo sapiens interbred , because evidence of Neanderthal DNA has turned up in many populations .
Over the past 150 years, Neanderthal remains have been found at many sites in Europe, Asia and the Middle East. This team worked with a skeleton labeled Kebara 2, also known as "Moshe," which was found in Kebara Cave in Northern Israel's Carmel mountain range in 1983. Though the cranium is missing, the remains of the young adult male are considered one of the most complete Neanderthal skeletons ever found. Two different forms of dating of the surrounding soil, thermoluminescence and electron spin resonance, put the age at somewhere between 59,000 and 64,000 years.
the same research team created a virtual reconstruction of the Kebara 2 spine, the first step in updating theories of Neanderthal biomechanics. The team's paper, published in the book "Human Paleontology and Prehistory," reaffirmed the likelihood of upright posture but pointed to a straighter spine than that of modern humans.
This image from the virtual reconstruction shows how the ribs attach to the spine in an inward direction, forcing an even more upright posture than in modern humans.
Source: Gomez-Olivencia, et al.
For this model of the thorax, researchers used both direct observations of the Kebara 2 skeleton, currently housed at Tel Aviv University, and medical CT scans of vertebrae, ribs and pelvic bones, along with 3D software designed for scientific use. "This was meticulous work," said Alon Barash, a lecturer at Bar Ilan University in Israel. "We had to CT scan each vertebra and all of the ribs fragments individually and then reassemble them in 3D."
They then used a technique called morphometric analysis to compare the images of Neanderthal bones with medical scans of bones from present-day adult men.
"In the reconstruction process, it was necessary to virtually 'cut' and realign some of the parts that showed deformation, and mirror-image some of those that were not so well-preserved in order to get a complete thorax," said Gomez-Olivencia.
The reconstruction of the thorax, coupled with the team's earlier finding, shows ribs that connect to the spine in an inward direction, forcing the chest cavity outward and allowing the spine to tilt slightly back, with little of the lumbar curve that is part of the modern human skeletal structure. "The differences between a Neanderthal and modern human thorax are striking," said Markus Bastir, senior research scientist at the Laboratory of Virtual Anthropology at the National Museum of Natural History in Spain.
"The Neanderthal spine is located more inside the thorax, which provides more stability," said Gomez-Olivencia. "Also, the thorax is wider in its lower part." This shape of the rib cage suggests a larger diaphragm and thus, greater lung capacity.
"The wide lower thorax of Neanderthals and the horizontal orientation of the ribs suggest that Neanderthals relied more on their diaphragm for breathing," said senior author Ella Been of Ono Academic College. "Modern humans, on the other hand, rely both on the diaphragm and on the expansion of the rib cage for breathing. Here we see how new technologies in the study of fossil remains is providing new information to understand extinct species."
What that means for how Kebara 2 lived is ripe for further research, Kramer said. How did Neanderthals breathe, and for what physical demands might they have needed powerful lungs? What does that tell us about how they moved, and the environment in which they lived? Did any of these physical traits make them more or less adaptive to climate change?
Reconstructing the thorax was an exercise in starting from scratch, deliberately trying to avoid being influenced by past theories of how Neanderthals looked or lived, Kramer said.
"Thinking through all the permutations of the different fragments, it was like a jigsaw without all the pieces. What do the pieces tell us?" she said. "People have told you it should be a certain way, but you want to make sure you're not over-reconstructing, or reconstructing it the way you think it should be. You're trying to maintain a neutral approach."
Other authors of the study were Daniel Garcia-Martinez of the National Museum of Natural History and Mikel Arlegi, of the University of the Basque Country.
Top image: Neanderthal man with spear in hand. Source : ginettigino / via Fotolia
The article, originally titled ‘ Neanderthal ribcage reconstructed, offering new clues to ancient human anatomy ’ was first published on Science Daily .
Source:
University of Washington. "Neanderthal ribcage reconstructed, offering new clues to ancient human anatomy." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 30 October 2018.
Archaeologists Say They’ve Solved Mystery of How Pyramids were Built After Unearthing 4,500-Year-Old Ramp
Archaeologists Say They’ve Solved Mystery of How Pyramids were Built After Unearthing 4,500-Year-Old Ramp
Has the riddle of how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids finally been solved? A multi-national team of experts say yes, after they unearthed an ancient ramp, which they say was used to haul giant blocks into place.
Despite centuries of research into the pyramids of Giza, there has still been no definitive explanation as to how the ancient Egyptians cut, transported, and assembled millions of limestone and granite blocks, each weighing an average of 2.3 metric tons. “For the construction of the pyramids, there is no single theory that is 100% proven or checked; They are all theories and hypotheses,” said Hany Helal, Vice President of the Heritage Innovation Preservation institute. But many have speculated that ramps played a very important role in the construction of pyramids such as the three world-famous pyramids at Giza.
This 4,500-year-old ramp was discovered at Hatnub, an ancient quarry in the Eastern Desert of Egypt. Two staircases with numerous postholes are located next to the ramp. An alabaster block would have been placed on a sled, which was tied by ropes to the wooden poles.
A combined team of archaeologists from the French Institute for Oriental Archaeology based in Cairo and the University of Liverpool from the UK were excavating at the Hatnub alabaster quarry, which is near Luxor. It was here, according to Science Alert , that they found a ‘4,500-year-old ramp’ that was apparently used to move blocks of alabaster cut from the steep slopes of the quarry. This type of stone was used in the construction of tombs and for paving the floors of pyramids and temples.
The archaeologists believe that they have discovered the Egyptian system for moving the large building blocks based on their investigations in the quarry. This system involved the construction of a large ramp, which was lined by flights of stairs on each side where large wooden posts were fixed. The co-director of the excavation told Live Science that the archaeologists believe that a ‘sled carried a stone block’ and was tied to the wooden posts on the stairs. By pulling on the ropes, workmen could maneuver the stone down the ramp. The system, using wooden poles, ropes, and gravity, allowed huge blocks to be taken out of the quarry.
Fox News reports that ‘this kind of system has never been discovered anywhere else" . The Anglo-French team, with the support of the Egyptian Ministry of Antiquities, investigated the tool marks and linked them to some inscriptions found in the quarry. The archaeologists believe that the ramp dates back to the reign of the Pharaoh Khufu (died 2566 BC) who constructed the Great Pyramid at Giza .
Looking up at the Great Pyramid of Giza from the base of the southeast corner.
Can Researchers Finally Agree How the Pyramids Were Built?
The team believes that they have finally shown how the Egyptians moved massive stones. This is because they presume that the method for moving alabaster was similar to that used to move other stone blocks. The main stone used in the construction of the pyramids was limestone, and according to Live Science , the ‘ramp system could contain some vital clues’ as to how the Egyptians moved stone and how they were able to place huge blocks on the side of the pyramid.
This was not the only important find at the alabaster quarry. During their excavation, the experts found a large number of inscriptions marking the visits of Pharaohs to the quarry, indicating its importance in royal building projects. The team has also uncovered four stone slabs (stele) with some inscriptions that are illegible. They also found some of the huts that once sheltered the quarry workers. There are conservation efforts being undertaken to protect the inscriptions and the structures.
During their excavation, the experts found a large number of inscriptions marking the visits of Pharaohs to the quarry, indicating its importance in royal building projects.
The Secretary-General of the Egyptian Ministry of Antiquities says the discovery is one of the first to show how the Pharaohs’ workmen moved heavy blocks. It also confirms the importance of ramps in the construction of the pyramids. Most significant of all, it provides evidence on the advanced engineering skills and knowledge of ancient Egypt some 4,500 years ago, when most of the world was still in the Stone Age.
Top image: How were the pyramids built? The discovery of a quarry ramp may finally provide a consensus on this debate.
Mythical 'lost city of Gods' discovered in dense Cambodian jungle
Mythical 'lost city of Gods' discovered in dense Cambodian jungle
A lost city that experts have spent years searching for has been uncovered in a jungle in Cambodia
By Rachel O'DonoghueAssistant News Editor
A city that experts have spent years searching for has been uncovered in a jungle in Cambodia.
The ancient city of Mahendraparvata, which means Mountain of Indra (King of Gods), was thriving well over a thousand years ago and is thought to have been the first capital city of the Khmer Empire.
But efforts to locate the remains of the mysterious city have been unsuccessful, with scientists even disagreeing on where they should be looking for it.
Until now.
Scientists used new technology to find the city in the jungle(Image: Getty Images/iStockphoto)
The team used state-of-the-art Lidar laser scanning techniques to pinpoint the location of the city, which dates back to the 9th Century and is located to the north-east of the city of Angkor.
Discussing the amazing find, archaeologist Jean-Baptiste Chevance, of the Archaeology and Development Foundation in the UK, wrote in a paper: "The mountainous region of Phnom Kulen has, to date, received strikingly little attention.
"It is almost entirely missing from archaeological maps, except as a scatter of points denoting the remains of some brick temples."
He added: "The Ancient Khmer modified the landscape, shaping features on a very large scale – ponds, reservoirs, canals, roads, temples, rice fields, etc.
"However, the dense forest often covering the areas of interest is a main constraint to investigating them."
The team said it was not inhabited for very long despite how vast it was(Image: Getty Images/500px)
The laser technology the team used meant they were able to look past hundreds of years of dirt and vegetation that now covers the remains of the city.
They could then see a huge urban network that spanned 50km-squared across the jungle.
"Numerous other elements of the anthropogenic landscape connect to this broader network, suggesting the elaboration of an overall urban plan," the team explained.
"Dams, reservoir walls and the enclosure walls of temples, neighbourhoods and even the royal palace abut or coincide with the embanked linear features."
But despite its size, the city was not inhabited for very long, with people migrating to terrains that were easier to live in.
Damian Evans, of the French School of the Far East, told the New Scientist: "The city may not have lasted for centuries, or perhaps even decades.
"But the cultural and religious significance of the place has lasted right up until the present day."
The interstellar comet 2I/Borisov which is currently visiting our solar system is harbouring water that came from another star system, a study has found.
The findings suggest that water-rich comets are not unique to the Solar System and that other star systems likely formed through similar processes.
By extension, the universe is likely to contain other water-harbouring, Earth-like worlds which have the potential to support extraterrestrial life.
On October 10, experts announced that they had found that 2I/Borisov had come from a twin star system dubbed 'Kruger 60' that lies 13 light years away.
Borisov — named after the Crimean astronomer who discovered it — will pass within around 177,000 miles (285,000 kilometres) of the Earth in early December this year.
It is trailing behind it a 100,000 mile-long tail of dust, which is released as the comet melts in the Sun's glare.
After this, it will head back out towards interstellar space, passing Jupiter around the middle of 2020.
2I/Borisov is the second-known visitor from outside our solar system — joining the cigar-shaped asteroid 1I/'Oumuamua, which was detected on October 19, 2017.
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The interstellar comet 2I/Borisov, pictured, which is currently visiting our solar system is harbouring water that came from another star system, a study has found
WHAT IS 2I/BORISOV?
2I/Borisov is a comet that came from outside the solar system.
It is believed to have a core that is around 0.9–4.1 miles (1.4–6.6 kilometres) in diameter.
The comet was spotted by amateur astronomer Gennady Borisov from Crimea's MARGOT observatory on August 30, 2019.
It will make its closest pass to the Sun on December 8, 2019 — but will not get close to any of the planets in the solar system.
2I/Borisov will leave the solar system in the direction of the constellation of Telescopium.
According to Polish researchers, it likely originated from the binary red dwarf star system Kruger 60.
The comet is only the second interstellar visit to have been spotted.
The first was the cigar-shaped asteroid 1I/'Oumuamua, which was detected on October 19, 2017.
Astronomer Adam McKay of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland and colleagues used the Astrophysical Research Consortium Telescope in New Mexico to analyse 2I/Borisov using so-called spectroscopic observations.
When light from our sun hits the comet, some is absorbed and some is reflected — depending on the elements and compounds in the cosmic body.
By studying the spectra of the light received from 2I/Borisov's gas trail, scientists can thus determine the composition of the materials that make up the comet.
McKay and colleagues found an absorption line in the spectra taken from the comet that is consistent with water — with the strength of such suggesting that water is coming off of 2I/Borisov at a rate of around 113 septillion litres of water per second.
'Comets have a primitive volatile composition that is thought to reflect the conditions present in their formation region in the protosolar disc,' the researchers wrote in their paper.
'This makes studies of cometary volatiles powerful for understanding the physical and chemical processes occurring during planet formation.'
'Comet 2I/Borisov provides an opportunity to sample the volatile composition of a comet that is unambiguously from outside our own Solar System, providing constraints on the physics and chemistry of other protostellar discs,' they added.
Comets seen in our solar system are typically also water-rich — with experts believing that much of the Earth's water was deposited on our planet by comets.
Modelling the size of the active water-releasing area on the comet, the researchers predict an area of around 0.65 square miles (1.7 square kilometres) — a proportion of 2I/Borisov's whole that is on par with the make-up of comets in the solar system.
The latest findings suggest that water-rich comets are not unique to the Solar System and that other star systems likely formed through similar processes
Other spectroscopic analyses have also found that Borisov is releasing diatomic carbon and cyanide — substances that are also common in comets orbiting the Sun.
Put together, the findings suggest that comets from elsewhere in the universe are likely very similar to those we have seen in our own cosmic neighbourhood — suggesting that the conditions that formed our Solar System are not unique.
Furthermore, this raises the likelihood of their being other, water-harbouring, Earth-like planets — which could potentially also have supported the development of life.
A pre-print of the article, which has not yet been peer-reviewed, can be read on the arXiv repository.
2I/Borisov is the second-known visitor from outside our solar system — joining the cigar-shaped asteroid 1I/'Oumuamua, which was detected on October 19, 2017
On October 10, experts announced that they had found that 2I/Borisov had come from a twin star system dubbed 'Kruger 60', pictured in an artist's impression, that lies 13 light years away
WHAT IS 'OUMUAMUA AND WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT IT?
A cigar-shaped asteroid named 'Oumuamua sailed past Earth at 97,200mph (156,428km/h) in October.
It was first spotted by a telescope in Hawaii on 19 October, and was observed 34 separate times in the following week.
It is named after the Hawaiian term for 'scout' or 'messenger' and passed the Earth at about 85 times the distance to the moon.
It was the first interstellar object seen in the solar system, and it baffled astronomers.
Initially, it was thought the object could be a comet.
However, it displays none of the classic behaviour expected of comets, such as a dusty, water-ice particle tail.
The asteroid is up to one-quarter mile (400 meters) long and highly-elongated - perhaps 10 times as long as it is wide.
That aspect ratio is greater than that of any asteroid or asteroid observed in our solar system to date.
But the asteroid's slightly red hue — specifically pale pink — and varying brightness are remarkably similar to objects in our own solar system.
Around the size of the Gherkin skyscraper in London, some astronomers were convinced it was piloted by aliens due to the vast distance the object traveled without being destroyed – and the closeness of its journey past the Earth.
Alien hunters at SETI – the Search for Extra-terrestrial Intelligence based at Berkeley University, California said there was a possibility the rock was ‘an alien artefact’.
But scientists from Queen’s University Belfast took a good look at the object and said it appears to be an asteroid, or ‘planetesimal’ as originally thought.
Researchers believe the cigar-shaped asteroid had a 'violent past', after looking at the light bouncing off its surface.
They aren't exactly sure when the violent collision took place, but they believe the lonely asteroid's tumbling will continue for at least a billion years.
Een gigantisch stedelijk netwerk in niemandsland: mythische 'verloren stad van Goden' ontdekt in Cambodjaanse jungle
Een gigantisch stedelijk netwerk in niemandsland: mythische ‘verloren stad van Goden’ ontdekt in Cambodjaanse jungle
Een stad waar experts al jaren naar zochten, is nu ontdekt in de jungle van Cambodja. Dat schrijft de Daily Star.
De oude stad Mahendraparvata, wat Koning van Goden betekent, was zo’n duizend jaar geleden nog bewoond en kan naar verluidt worden gezien als de eerste hoofdstad van het Khmer-rijk.
Tot voor kort speurden wetenschappers tevergeefs naar de resten van de mysterieuze stad.
Opvallend weinig aandacht
Wetenschappers gebruikten geavanceerde scantechnieken om de exacte locatie te achterhalen van de stad, die dateert van de negende eeuw en gelegen is ten noordoosten van Angkor.
“De bergachtige regio Phnom Kulen heeft tot dusver opvallend weinig aandacht gekregen,” merkte archeoloog Jean-Baptiste Chevance van de Britse Archaeology and Development Foundation op.
“[De regio] is op vrijwel geen enkele archeologische kaart terug te vinden,” vervolgde hij.
Dichte bebossing
De oude Khmer bouwden op grote schaal tempels, maar de interessante plekken zijn door de dichte bebossing lastig te vinden, aldus Chevance.
Dankzij lasertechnologie kon het team dwars door de vegetatie heen kijken en de resten van de stad opsporen.
Gigantisch stedelijk netwerk
Ze zagen een gigantisch stedelijk netwerk in de jungle dat zich uitstrekt over ruim 50 vierkante kilometer.
De onderzoekers wisten dammen, muren, tempels en zelfs een koninklijk paleis te onderscheiden.
Poor ‘Oumuamua. The first known interstellar visitor was the belle of the cosmic ball for a few years – admired for its cigar shape, envied for its long travels, alluring with its mysterious looks that led even the most skeptical to wonder if it might possibly be a spaceship. Today, it’s “Ouma who?” The new star of the stellar show is Borisov – the second known interstellar comet, whose name is easier to remember, large size is hard to ignore and early arrival makes it the center of astronomers’ attention. While Borisov has already garnered “it’s a spaceship” speculation, conventional scientists are hailing it for a better and much more revolutionary reason – Borisov has shown evidence it’s carrying alien water from another solar system! Break out the bubbly or your last can of alien beer from storming Area 51 and let’s toast!
This is a time-lapse sequence compressing Hubble Space Telescope observations of comet 2I/Borisov, spanning a seven-hour period.
Credits: NASA, ESA and J. DePasquale (STScI)
“Using a simple sublimation model, we find an H2O active area of 1.7 km2, which for current constraints on the nucleus size could imply active fractions from as low as 1% to > 100% (implying a hyperactive nucleus), though these active fractions are highly model dependent. More measurements are needed as Borisov approaches perihelion to fully understand its composition and activity.”
Blah, blah, blah … H2O! The discoverers of water on Borisov have already generated a paper on the subject. Adam McKay and a team of scientists at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center used an instrument at the Apache Point Observatory in New Mexico to study light reflected by Borisov. Studying the vapor spewing off the comet, the instrument detected hydrogen and oxygen – the results of sunlight breaking down water (H2O). The measurements show Borisov is producing up to 19 kilograms of water per second. That’s 42 pounds per second. Even pro wrestlers don’t sweat that much. Alan Fitzsimmons at Queen’s University Belfast, told New Scientist he’s hopeful.
“This would be the first package of water from another planetary system.”
This illustration shows the path of Comet 2I/Borisov through our solar system.
NASA / ESA / J. Olmsted & F. Summers (STScI)
Or maybe not. The oxygen detected could also be coming from a breakdown of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide, although so far it looks like the result of water vapor. McKay and most members of the scientific community would rather it be water. That would mean other solar systems have the potential for life forms similar to Earth’s. Or perhaps it lends credence to panspermia and the theory that life travelled through space rather than sprouted on individual planets.
“Are we special as a planetary system or are a lot of planetary systems like ours? That has implications for the origin of life, and how common life is throughout the universe.”
Sorry, ‘Oumuamua. We’re infatuated with Borisov now.
ET Bases Found On Earths Moon, NASA Source, UFO Sighting News.
ET Bases Found On Earths Moon, NASA Source, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: Oct 30, 2019 Location of discovery: Earths moon
I found these amazing structures in a NASA photo today. The structure in the screenshot above seems to have been made in six parts and put together in this location. I also show a few other interesting craters that have some black structures within them. I feel its odd that so many structures are at the center of craters...so perhaps a lot of the craters are created by aliens for putting the structures into. Take a look at the video I made and tell my your thoughts. Scott C. Waring
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:Ruins, strange artifacts on other planets, moons, ed ( Fr, EN, NL )
Fastwalkers flying at an incredible speed through the sky over Alaska and Argentina
Fastwalkers flying at an incredible speed through the sky over Alaska and Argentina
At two separate locations, drones have captured Fastwalkers flying at an incredible speed through the sky respectively over Alaska on October 19, 2019 and Argentina on October 12, 2019.
The Alaska fastwalker flies just above the top of the trees. The video shows the original footage in slow motion as well as in different colors.
The fastwalker captured in Ayacucho, Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina passes at full speed in front of the drone, a Dji Phantom. The video recorded at a resolution of 4K at 30 frames per second shows the fastwalker in the original speed as well as in slow motion and enlarged.
Decades-old questions about the potential existence of fantastical anti-gravity propulsion technologies have resurfaced following the Navy’s own disclosure of encounters with unidentified aerial phenomena and our own original reporting on a series of bizarre patents assigned to the U.S. Navy that seem to defy our current understanding of physics and aerospace propulsion. While the discussion continues over whether any such technologies are feasible, the truth is that the theoretical concepts behind them are anything but new. In fact, the U.S. military and the federal government have been formally researching these radical concepts since the 1950s, and according to our own research, those efforts have continued on to this very day.
In our dive into what seems like something of a bottomless rabbit hole of government studies into this exotic scientific realm, we have collected a body of research, news reports, and firsthand accounts. These establish the fact that the types of "anti-gravity", propellantless propulsion, and mass reduction technologies described in the Navy’s recent "UFO" patents are at least based on more than 60 years of peer-reviewed research conducted and published by the likes of the American Institute of Physics, NASA, the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, and the Air Force Research Laboratory.
While we can't say that any of this research led to actually being able to harness "anti-gravity" or extremely advanced next-generation propulsion technologies to any useful extent, the most advanced laboratories under control of both the armed forces and the academic world have certainly been trying their best to get there for the better part of a century. Also, keep in mind that all of this information comes from unclassified sources, and there is definitely more of it than just what is represented here. We can only wonder how much work has been done in the classified realm on what was once openly considered the next massive revolution in aerospace technology.
The Martin Company's Early Foray Into Anti-Gravity
In terms of the Air Force’s early anti-gravity research, one intriguing first-hand account comes from Dr. Louis Witten, who was a professor of physics at the University of Cincinnati from 1968 to 1991. Throughout his career, Witten conducted research into gravitation, quantum gravity, and general relativity. The last one of these is the theory first put forward by Albert Einstein that proposes that gravity is essentially a warp or curve in the geometry of space-time caused by mass.
During a roundtable discussion titled “Recollections of the Relativistic Astrophysics Revolution” held at the 27th Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics in 2013, Witten recounted his own work on what he somewhat puzzlingly refers to as "the discovery of anti-gravity."
In his portion of the roundtable, Witten recalls being recruited by George S. Trimble, then serving as Vice President for Aviation and Advanced Propulsion Systems at the Glenn L. Martin Company, which evolved first into Martin-Marietta and eventually merged with Lockheed in 1995 to form Lockheed Martin. The project for which Witten was recruited would come to be known as the Research Institute for Advanced Studies (RIAS) and was officially founded in 1955 by George Bunker, president of Martin, with the goal of advancing aerospace science and development.
"The vice president [Trimble] had the wonderful idea which was to develop anti-gravity," Witten says, noting he immediately balked at the proposal. "When he tried the idea in public, you can imagine the greeting he received from scientists. So he said to himself 'those poor bastards, I'll show them.'" Despite his skepticism, Witten ended up accepting Trimble's offer to join the powerful Martin executive's pet project.
Throughout his short speech given at the roundtable, Witten says that even though he faced ridicule within the scientific community for his research, there was no shortage of people who would tell him they knew how to achieve anti-gravity:
“Some of them were very simple ideas. The simple ideas are always hard to combat. Suppose somebody comes to you and says 'I have a rock of bismuth that demonstrates anti-gravity.' What do you do?
There was a Vice President of the Martin Company who brought that up, he said 'I read about a guy in Indiana who says a rock of bismuth…' I said 'It’s nonsense.' He said ‘How do you know it’s nonsense? How do you know there’s no isotope of bismuth that shows anti-gravity?' What do you say to that?”
Witten's speech begins around the 1:49:10 mark:
Witten’s ends his speech by pointing out that despite the constant barrage of nonsense claims to investigate, "the power of a Vice President of a big company is so great that the reason there was a laboratory at Wright Field [today known Areas A and C of Wright Patterson Air Force Base] was to find out what we were doing and to help us do it and I got a contract from Wright Field to do it - to do gravity. Which I did, very happily."
It’s unknown what, if anything, ever came of Witten’s research or the program's other related research. While we haven’t found a record of him at Wright Patterson to confirm his account, Witten did in fact publish several theoretical articles concerning general relativity throughout that period including “Invariants of General Relativity and the Classification of Spaces”, “Geometry of Gravitation and Electromagnetism”, and “Conformal Invariance in Physics”, all of which list Witten as an employee of the Research Institute for Advanced Studies established by Martin.
The anti-gravity work Witten claims to have conducted at RIAS on behalf of Martin is corroborated by a series of three articles written by aviation journalist Ansel Talbert and published in the New York Herald Tribune on November 20, 21, and 22, 1956. Talbert served as the aviation correspondent for the Herald Tribune from 1953 until the paper shut down in 1966, after which he wrote for various aviation magazines and trade publications.
NEW YORK HERALD TRIBUNE
The front page of the November 20, 1955 issue of the New York Herald Tribune.
The articles outline several research institutes that were focused on unlocking the secrets of gravity in the 1950s, including several major universities and private laboratories. A key part of much of the research conducted at these facilities involved relatively down-to-earth topics like electromagnetism, rotating masses at high speeds, and various methods of attempting to reduce an aircraft’s mass.
Ansel Talbert was offered a firsthand glimpse into the research conducted at many of the laboratories set up in the 1950s to research gravity and attempts to combat it. His series of articles exploring the subject mention the anti-gravity interests and research of some of the biggest names in aviation: William P. Lear, Lawrence D. Bell, Dr. Igor I. Sikorsky, Martin's Vice President Trimble, and even frozen foods magnate Clarence Birdseye. "Mr. Birdseye gave the world its first packaged quick-frozen foods and laid the foundation for today's frozen food industry," Talbert wrote, "more recently he has become interested in gravitational studies."
NEW YORK HERALD TRIBUNE
Lawrence Bell of Bell Aircraft with Lt. Col Frank J. Everest, Maj. Charles Yeager, and Maj. Arthur Murray. According to Talbert's articles, Bell believed that is was possible "to cancel out gravity instead of fighting it."
Talbert’s series offers a fascinating glimpse into the many anti-gravity research efforts which were underway in the mid-1950s, but like all accounts of anti-gravity or breakthrough propulsion research, none of the subjects Talbert interviewed offered any suggestion that conclusive working anti-gravity technologies ever came from these endeavors.
Still, Talbert points out that some of the brightest minds in aerospace engineering and physics were devoted to studying gravity at the time, studies which led to important breakthroughs in general relativity:
The current efforts to understand gravity and universal gravitation both at the sub-atomic level and at the level of the universe have the positive backing today of many of America's outstanding physicists.
These include Dr. Edward Teller of the University of California, who received prime credit for developing the hydrogen bomb; Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer, director of the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton; Dr. Freeman J. Dyson, theoretical physicist at the Institute, and Dr. John A. Wheeler, professor of physics at Princeton University who made important contributions to America's first nuclear fission project.
It must be stressed that scientists in this group approach the problem only from the standpoint of pure research. They refuse to predict exactly in what directions the search will lead or whether it will be successful beyond broadening human knowledge generally.
One of the biggest takeaways from Talbert’s series is the optimism shared by many of those involved with the project, as well as the stigma surrounding such an endeavor, even back then:
Grover Loening, who was the first graduate in aeronautics in an American university and the first engineer hired by the Wright Brothers, holds similar views. Over a period of forty years, Mr. Loening has had a distinguished career as an aircraft designer and builder and recently was decorated by the United States Air Force for his work as a special scientific consultant. "I firmly believe that before long man will acquire the ability to build an electromagnetic contra-gravity mechanism that works," he says. "Much the same line of reasoning that enabled scientists to split up atomic structures also will enable them to learn the nature of gravitational attraction and ways to counter it."
Right now there is considerable difference of opinion among those working to discover the secret of gravity and universal gravitation as to exactly how long the project will take. George S. Trimble, a brilliant young scientist who is head of the new advanced design division of Martin Aircraft in Baltimore and a member of the sub-committee on high-speed aerodynamics of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, believes that it could be done relatively quickly if sufficient resources and momentum were put behind the program.
"I think we could do the job in about the time that it actually required to build the first atom bomb if enough trained scientific brainpower simultaneously began thinking about and working towards a solution," he said. "Actually, the biggest deterrent to scientific progress is a refusal of some people, including scientists, to believe that things which seem amazing can really happen... I know that if Washington decides that it is vital to our national survival to go where we want and do what we want without having to worry about gravity, we'd find the answer rapidly."
Transcribed full text versions of Talbert’s articles "Conquest of Gravity Aim of Top Scientists in U.S.," "Space-Ship Marvel Seen If Gravity is Outwitted," and "New Air Dream - Planes Flying Outside Gravity" can be found online here, while digital versions of the articles as they appeared in the New York Herald Tribune can be found through the Herald Tribune archives available through the ProQuest database or the New York Public Library system.
NEW YORK HERALD TRIBUNE
An op-ed sent to the New York Herald Tribune in response to Talbert’s series.
The Aerospace Research Laboratories At Wright Patterson Air Force Base
George Trimble, Clarence Birdseye, and Lawrence Bell weren’t the only ones interested in researching anti-gravity. Talbert's series reported that nearly every major aerospace company at the time was involved in some way with researching "the gravity problem": Convair, Lear, Sikorsky, Sperry-Rand Corp., General Dynamics, and Avro Canada. Just as Dr. Louis Witten mentioned off-hand in the closing seconds of his speech at the 27th Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics, the United States Air Force also established its own gravity research project at Wright Patterson Air Force Base.
The project was initially known as the General Physics Laboratory of the Aeronautical Research Laboratories (ARL), but its name was changed to Aerospace Research Laboratories at some point. To head the project, the Air Force hired physicist Joshua N. Goldberg who had recently received his PhD from Syracuse University. According to Goldberg’s Curriculum Vitae, he served as a research physicist at Wright Patterson’s Aerospace Research Laboratories from 1956 to 1962, as well as teaching graduate-level classical mechanics at the Ohio State University Extension at Wright Patterson.
Viewpoints differ on the nature of the research conducted at Wright-Patterson under this program. Some have posited that it had to do with actually trying to develop anti-gravity propulsion, while others say its goals were far more mundane.
Nevertheless, the research supported by the Air Force led to what some science historians have called the “Golden Age of Relativity,” a title disputed by others, such as German physicist Hubert Goenner, who argues that “to a great extent what was named the ‘Golden age of relativity’ in the United States, may have been nothing but a feature of a general trend in physics after the ‘Sputnik’-shock.” It’s often claimed that the institute at Wright Patterson and other associated Air Force-funded laboratories were set up merely to investigate reports of Russian anti-gravity research to see if America's adversaries had achieved what the United States had not been able to.
The anti-gravity research conducted at Wright Patterson concluded in the early 1970s with the passage of the Mansfield Amendments. The first of these, passed in 1970, limited “military funding of research that lacked a direct or apparent relationship to a specific military function.”
According to an Office of Technology Assessment report delivered to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1991, these Mansfield Amendments for some years somewhat slowed the rate of U.S. military research into the types of lofty, abstract topics studied at Wright Patterson throughout the 1950s and 1960s. Following those Amendments, the Department of Defense’s research strategy shifted more towards the proposal-grant model seen at university and private laboratories today.
That is not to say that the U.S. military’s research into gravitation ended with the Mansfield Amendments or was limited solely to Goldberg’s group at Wright Patterson. There is a wealth of research in the public realm that shows the Air Force’s research into these concepts continued long after the scientists at that base moved on to long careers in academia.
In 1972, an ad hoc group with Franklin Mead, then Senior Aerospace Engineer with the Air Force Aerospace Research Laboratories, serving as editor had published a technical report titled “Advanced Propulsion Concepts - Project Outgrowth” for the Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory at Edwards Air Force Base. The document discusses various advanced propulsion concepts ranging from traditional rocket propulsion to “anti-gravity propulsion,” to which an entire chapter is dedicated.
Two main approaches are outlined in Project Outgrowth: those using gravitational absorption, and those based on unified field theory which unites electromagnetism and gravitation. While the document notes that these approaches would “require some major breakthroughs in materials,” it points out that “no new or radical change in fundamental physics” would be required to make these breakthroughs a reality. In other words, Mead and the rest of the study group believed that these types of breakthrough propulsion concepts may be possible once materials sciences caught up with concepts developed in theoretical physics.
USAF
Throughout the expansive Project Outgrowth document, Mead and the other scientists also explored field propulsion, defined as those concepts which use “electric and/or magnetic fields to accelerate an ionized working fluid, or react directly with the environment by electric or magnetic effects.” While a range of theoretical field propulsion approaches were analyzed, they concluded that “it would be impossible within the time constraints of this study to evaluate the field propulsion area completely,” noting however that “more radical concepts may be found in the open literature by those interested in pursuing them.”
Still, the document contains quite a few curiosities. One chapter, titled “Electrostatic Effects,” describes the use of electric generators to charge giant metallic spheres buried in the ground six miles apart in symmetrical arrangements. Another sphere would be placed on top of the ground in the center of this arrangement of spheres, which would then be shot up to 620 miles into space when the other spheres are charged with an intense electrical current, according to the document. It is also claimed that vehicles flying in space with charged skins could be used to cause the spheres to change directions instantly without any loss of velocity or use of propellant.
USAF
As fascinating as this experiment sounds, there is nothing in the document to suggest the Air Force actually sent metal spheres flying into the sky, and the document points out that “analysis of this concept completely ignores the effect of the immense electric fields of the surrounding environment,” noting that ambient ions accumulating around the spheres would nullify the repulsion effect. "Handling and producing charged objects of the magnitude assumed for the analysis may be well beyond the reach of technology for decades to come“ and "all of the ideas discussed lack theoretical and technical merit,” the study group concluded.
USAF
The same document outlines theoretical approaches at using superconductors to achieve electromagnetic spacecraft propulsion, noting that the applications of high energy electromagnetic fields range far beyond propulsion:
The greatest advantage of this concept is that the system is initially charged on earth with a tremendous amount of massless energy which is stored in a low-loss propulsion system. [...] Similar to other low-thrust vehicles, this system is capable of accelerating to very high velocities when operating over great distances for substantial periods of time. [...] This system could be used to decelerate vehicles approaching the Earth at high speed. Militarily, this concept could, with its high magnetic field, destroy, deflect, or severely damage incoming high-speed projectiles.
USAF
The Project Outgrowth document concludes by arguing that while many of these concepts are still out of the grasp of the USAF, advances in materials and engineering could make what in 1972 seemed like fantasy a reality in the decades to come:
Obviously, advancements in certain areas of technology could make a number of concepts suddenly very attractive. Improvements in high energy lasers by several orders of magnitude of energy output or new concepts involving long-distance energy transfer would make both laser propulsion and infinite Isp ramjet very attractive. The development of higher current density superconductors, metallic hydrogen, or even room temperature superconductors would make many of the magnetic concepts more attractive. [...]
Radical departures from time-honored, well-proved approaches are either discarded or lack visualization. Possibly, not until man truly becomes a creature of space will the restrictions imposed on his imagination be removed and radically new propulsion concepts devised. We are just beginning to understand the true nature of space and to attempt to utilize this environment for our propulsion needs.
The same concepts explored in the Project Outgrowth document were later examined by subsequent Air Force-funded studies. In 1988, the New York-based Veritay Technology, Inc. submitted the document “21st Century Propulsion Concept” to the Air Force Astronautics Laboratory (AFAL) at Edwards Air Force Base. The document looks at the Biefield-Brown effect, a controversial theory that claims that electrical fields can produce propulsive forces sometimes referred to as ionic wind. The AFAL was able to generate minuscule measures of propulsion with the concept, but concluded that “ion propulsion effects are negligible.”
A similar report from 1989 titled “Electric Propulsion Study” also complied for the Astronautics Laboratory at Edwards outlines a variety of theories and experiments that explore the interactions between gravitational, electrical, and electromagnetic fields. Concepts like ionic wind, the Mach effect, and various applications of high energy electromagnetic fields are discussed.
One brief chapter explores the concept of inertial mass variation using a rotating cylinder filled with mercury. The Air Force concluded that the experiment showed little promise and that “no AFAL action is suggested at this time” but that “should an experiment by external agencies be done with positive results, then this area should be reconsidered.”
Ultimately, the document concludes that while much of the research it cites is still in its infancy, inertial mass reduction techniques may offer the most promising results with further study:
It is recommended that policies and plans take into consideration long time studies in the area of gravity and inertia. These areas deserve more emphasis. This is likely to be more important than any single experimental program. Since chemical propulsion is reaching its theoretical limits and nuclear propulsion has political difficulties, it is more likely that gravitational and electromagnetic studies will lead to future breakthroughs than any nuclear force studies (with the possible exception of more recent low temperature fusion work).
The Air Force continues to look into ways of defying gravity without the use of propellants and some technical reports maintain that this will soon be possible. According to the 2006 study “Advanced Technology and Breakthrough Physics for 2025 and 2050 Military Aerospace Vehicles” which was published by the American Institute of Physics, some scientists claim that next-generation propulsion may be achieved sometime within the next three decades.
The study was compiled at the request of the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) and examines the technological breakthroughs that researchers believed could be developed and implemented by 2025 and 2050.
AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS
The conceptual "2050 vehicle" featuring hypothetical inertial mass reduction technology which is theorized to extract energy from the quantum vacuum.
While most of the report centers around compact fusion reactors and the developments of new high temperature composite materials, the section on the “2050 Vehicle” predicts that the jet propulsion and power systems of this hypothetical aircraft will come in the form of propellant-less field propulsion based on the principle of inducing mass fluctuations using high-frequency electromagnetic fields:
One example of propellant-less field propulsion [...] proposes the use of high voltage and high frequency electromagnetic (em) field pulsations to induce mass fluctuations within the electronic and ionic structure of dielectric materials - to cause a favorable “gravinertial” field coupling with nearby and distant matter that results in unidirectional force.
Of course, as we now know, the USAF isn’t the sole branch of the military openly looking into next-generation hypothetical vehicles based on concepts of electromagnetic fields and inertial mass variation. Based on the recent announcement declaring a partnership with TTSA, we know even the U.S. Army is also exploring similar concepts for next-generation ground vehicles that exploit the same principles the USAF has explored for decades: mass manipulation, electromagnetic metamaterial waveguides, and quantum physics.
Civilian Research Into Gravitation, Electromagnetism, And Propulsion
The military isn’t the only sector that has for decades conducted research that has explored the boundaries of aerospace propulsion and general relativity. In 1996, NASA funded an endeavor known as the Breakthrough Propulsion Physics (BPP) Program which invited some of the brightest minds in physics and aerospace engineering to propose radical new ideas to propel spaceflight into a new paradigm.
In a paper outlining the BPP program presented at the Second Symposium on Realistic Near-Term Advanced Scientific Space Missions in 1998, its director, Marc Miller, offered an overview of NASA’s aims for the project, noting that “it is known from observed phenomena and from the established physics of General Relativity that gravity, electromagnetism, and spacetime are inter-related phenomena” and that “these ideas have led to questioning if gravitational or inertial forces can be created or modified using electromagnetism.”
Many of the ideas Miller and the NASA BPP program describes were developed or are better understood thanks to the research funded by Wright Patterson, including Hermann Bondi’s concept of negative mass (Bondi’s group at Kings College, London received funding from the U.S. Air Force) and Joshua Goldberg’s theory of gravitational radiation.
In an attempt to achieve breakthrough propulsion based on these concepts, NASA’s project identified three major barriers that stood in the way of their main goal of achieving interstellar travel:
(1) MASS: Discover new propulsion methods that eliminate or dramatically reduce the need for propellant. This implies discovering fundamentally new ways to create motion, presumably by manipulating inertia, gravity, or by any other interactions between matter, fields, and spacetime.
(2) SPEED: Discover how to attain the ultimate achievable transit speeds to dramatically reduce travel times. This implies discovering a means to move a vehicle at or near the actual maximum speed limit for motion through space or through the motion of spacetime itself (if possible, this means circumventing the light speed limit).
(3)ENERGY: Discover fundamentally new modes of on board energy generation to power these propulsion devices. This third goal is included since the first two breakthroughs could require breakthroughs in energy generation, and since the physics underlying the propulsion goals is closely linked to energy physics.
In 1997, NASA’s Lewis Research Center, now known as the John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field, held a conference on these breakthrough propulsion concepts, the proceedings of which are worth a read and contain titles such as “Inertial Mass as a Reaction of the Vacuum to Accelerated Motion”, “Force Field Propulsion”, and “The Zero-Point Field and the NASA Challenge to Create the Space Drive”.
From what little we know or think we know about Salvatore Cezar Pais, the elusive inventor of the Navy’s intriguing if not puzzling anti-gravity ‘UFO’ patents that we’ve explored in our previous reporting, he was working on his PhD dissertation at Case Western Reserve University while serving as a NASA Graduate Student Research Fellow at NASA’s John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field at the time of the conference.
There’s no concrete evidence that Pais attended the workshop, but according to the document’s foreword, 12 students were in attendance. The table of contents for the conference proceedings lists a total of 449 pages, the last of which is a list of workshop participants. However, the versions available online stop at page 389. We are currently pursuing a Freedom of Information Act request to obtain the missing pages.
Confirming Pais' presence at the conference would be significant because many of the exact same revolutionary concepts that NASA was exploring in terms of unlocking new forms of propulsion and space travel are the same types of concepts found throughout the patents for his "hybrid aerospace-underwater craft" and "high energy electromagnetic field generator." Many of the participants at NASA's workshop are also cited throughout Pais' patents and publications. Placing Pais at the conference would add to the body of evidence which suggests the technologies in the Navy's patents may have been in the works for the past 20 years, at least as far as the inventor is concerned. In reality though, as we've laid out here, many of the concepts in Pais' patents are similar to those which were researched at Wright-Patterson and other facilities in the 1950s and are still being explored today.
Aside from NASA, academic and independent laboratories have been researching the same principles and approaches the Air Force and other military laboratories have been looking into for decades. One of the most commonly researched areas is in hypothetically reducing an aircraft’s mass using electromagnetism, preferably to zero, and several Lockheed Martin researchers have been involved with quite a few theoretical studies into altering inertial mass (see Haisch, Rueda, and Puthoff, 1998; Rueda and Haisch, 1998; Haisch and Rueda, 1999; and Woodward, Mahood, and March 2001).
A large body of peer-reviewed research into mass reduction involves using advanced superconducting materials such as yttrium barium copper oxide, or YBCO (see Podkletnov and Nieminen, 1992; Li et al, 1997; and Podkletnov and Modanese, 2001). Some of these studies, many of them more than 20 years old, reported observing mass reductions of up to two percent. Of course, just because scientists report a peer-reviewed result doesn’t mean their data can’t be challenged or have been impacted by spurious factors.
Other attempts to overcome and harness gravity focus on the use of electromagnetic fields. In the 2007 publication “The Connection between Inertial Forces and the Vector Potential”, researchers found a connection between electric and magnetic fields, writing that there is a “possibility to manipulate inertial mass" and potentially "some mechanisms for possible applications to electromagnetic propulsion and the development of advanced space propulsion physics.”
In 2010, an Air Force-funded study at the University of Florida leveraged these principles to design and test a "Wingless Electromagnetic Air Vehicle (WEAV)" which is claimed to employ "no moving parts and assures near-instantaneous response time." The study writes that this vehicle is designed to support the Air Force Research Laboratory's strategy to “deliver precision effects: ubiquitous, swarming sensors and shooters” by 2015-2030.
The study was able to produce a disc that "was able to hover a few millimeters above the surface for a sustained duration (about three minutes)" and noted that "prototypes of varying radius were also successfully 'flown', demonstrating that WEAV is scalable."
AIR FORCE OFFICE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
Many other approaches have focused on the unique properties of novel materials. The 2007 publication “Direct Experimental Evidence of Electromagnetic Inertia Manipulation Thrusting" reports “new experimental results suggesting that ‘propellantless’ propulsion without conventional external assistance has been achieved by means of electromagnetic inertia manipulation” using piezoelectric materials, compounds that change shape when subjected to an electrical charge.
In fact, several researchers have reported significant results in mass manipulation using a specific piezoelectric compound, lead zirconate titanate (PZT), which is found throughout several of the Navy’s recent patents. One physicist in particular, Dr. James Woodward of California State Fullerton, has found repeated success in altering the mass of small test samples of PZT.
While the levels of mass reduction Woodward has observed are tiny, so are the samples and energy levels he has used. Still, in one study published with aerospace engineer Paul T. March, then at Lockheed Martin, the authors note that “very large mass fluctuation effects should be producible with only relatively modest power levels,” but are beyond the scope and scale of their study.
Even so, Woodward’s results have been so promising that at least two Air Force studies, the 1989 technical report “Electric Propulsion Study” and the 2017 paper “Movement and Maneuver in Deep Space: A Framework to Leverage Advanced Propulsion”, call attention to his research in particular and note that his approach seems most promising.
However, the 2017 Air Force paper notes that “obvious institutional and funding barriers stand in the way” and that “materials science and engineering work would be required to produce new piezoelectric materials and compensate for natural resonance, mechanical fatigue, and thermal effects.”
Perhaps for that reason and for likely many more, various branches of the Armed Forces have for years been actively researching metamaterials that can propagate high energy electromagnetic fields. Navy budget documents show that between 2011 and 2016, the Navy’s In-House Laboratory Independent Research program conducted research into the “dispersion and control of electromagnetic (EM) waves in the microwave (RF) region, using fabricated metamaterial structures”.
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
Starting in 2017, the Navy combined several program elements under one title, changing the way individual projects are reported in their budget and thus making it more difficult to know whether this metamaterial research continues today.
Scratching The Surface While Not Knowing What Lies Beneath It
The research cited here is only a brief look at a handful of the numerous studies the Air Force, other branches of the military, and various academic laboratories have conducted into "anti-gravity" and various propellantless propulsion methods, and only those that are available to the public. Anyone familiar with military research and development knows that there is a vast trove of projects, associated data, and technologies the public has yet to be shown and may never be shown.
There have been hints of those secret technologies for years offered by insiders of some of America's most high-level aerospace research and development outfits. For instance, Ben Rich, the second director of Lockheed Martin’s Skunk Works, told Popular Science in 1994 the following:
“We have some new things. We are not stagnating. What we are doing is updating ourselves, without advertising. There are some new programs, and there are certain things, some of them 20 or 30 years old, that are still breakthroughs and appropriate to keep quiet about [because] other people don’t have them yet.”
With this in mind, it is possible that there are certain technologies in existence that once were, but may no longer be the things of science fiction.
Regardless, when it comes to harnessing exotic methods of overcoming gravity, the U.S. military’s interest in doing so has continued since the 1950s, and civilian laboratories have been hot on their heels.
We're still pursuing answers to the enigma surrounding the recent Navy patents, but to say they have come out of the blue and have no scientific basis whatsoever seems to be not entirely accurate based on the decades of research we've presented here. The same principles and many of the same names cited in Salvatore Pais' patents filed for the US Navy between 2015 and 2018 appear throughout numerous NASA studies, the peer-reviewed publications of the scientific community, and the long history of U.S. government-funded research into general relativity and breakthrough propulsion science.
We have to stress once again that this doesn't mean that actually realizing these concepts and putting them to use is possible at this time, or even ever in the future, for that matter. But it does show that there has been an incredibly long and detailed history of interest by the U.S. military and the scientific community in this exotic field that has resulted in significant amounts of research that spans nearly seven decades. All this occurred in spite of the fact that scientists realized as far back as the 1950s that the topic was largely taboo and often scoffed at by the larger scientific community.
Once again, what exists behind the curtain of the classified realm is the big wildcard here. With so much research present in the unclassified environment, one can only guess as to just how far the military and their industry partners have actually gone in an effort to obtain the 'Holy Grail' of aerospace engineering. For some, that speculative answer may be not very far at all. For others, it may be quite the contrary. The fact is we just don't know. But at least we do know that the topic, in general, isn't quite as alien as it may seem.
Whatever is out there, it’s probably not much like us at all.
It astonishes me how much we seem to know about aliens. They build technology-driven civilisations and pilot spaceships across the galaxy. They create energy-harvesting structures around their stars. They beam interstellar greetings to us. We cannot be sure that, when our own broadcasts reach them in some future era, they will breathlessly await the arrival of the next episode of Glee–but it seems a fair bet.
How do we know all this? Not by science’s usual method of finding out stuff, which is by observing. We know it because it stands to reason. Because we’ve seen it at the movies. Because it’s what we would do. Which is to say: when we start speculating about what advanced extraterrestrials are like, we are really just talking about ourselves.
The impulse to cast life on other worlds in our own image goes back all the way to the 17th century.
The impulse to cast life on other worlds in our own image goes back all the way to the proto-science fiction of the 17th century, such as the novel The Comical History of the States and Empires of the Worlds of the Moon and Sun (1657) by the French writer Cyrano de Bergerac. Cyrano pictured a lunar landscape inhabited by gigantic man-animals who somehow managed to create a very European courtly society where they debated Aristotle and Christian theology. So it has been, mostly, ever since. The galactic empires of Isaac Asimov’s Foundation novels (1942-1993) and the Star Wars and Star Trek franchises are peopled by creatures modeled on robustly late-20th-century humans in psychology and motive, no matter how much fur or how many forehead ridges they possess.
Such self-reflexive assumptions about alien civilizations leapt from the movie screen to the science journals last September when the astronomer Tabetha Boyajian of Yale University and her coworkers, using the Kepler space telescope, reported that the light coming from a star called KIC 8462852 exhibits intense, rapid brightness fluctuations that can’t easily be explained by any known natural process. Boyajian suggested that a circling horde of comets might be blocking the star’s light, but Jason Wright, an astronomer at Pennsylvania State University, and his colleagues added a provocative, albeit unlikely, alternative: the flickering of KIC 8462852 could be the passing shadow of a gigantic structure built by alien engineers.
The concept of such a star-circling structure was proposed in the 1960s by the British-born physicist Freeman Dyson. He argued that any civilization with sufficient technical capability would construct a vast solar array in space to feed its enormous energy demand. Wright’s comment about a possible real-life “Dyson sphere” around KIC 8462852 was made with all due caution, but you can’t speculate quietly about the detection of aliens. Soon, the idea was shouted from headlines worldwide. Further raising the volume, other researchers began listening for messages coming from KIC 8462852. Those searches focused on radio waves and laser pulses, just like the signals we use, highlighting the abiding narcissism of the effort.
For as long as scientists have looked for alien life, they have conceived them in our own image. The quest arguably began with a 1959 Naturepaper by the physicists Giuseppe Cocconi and Philip Morrison, who argued that “near some star rather like the Sun there are civilizations with scientific interests and with technical possibilities much greater than those now available to us.” The two scientists further posited that such aliens would have “established a channel of communication that would one day become known to us.” Such alien signals would most likely take the form of shortwave radio, which is ubiquitous through the Universe, and would contain an obviously artificial message such as “a sequence of small prime numbers of pulses, or simple arithmetical sums.”
If all complex life in the universe originated through a Darwinian evolution, isn’t it reasonable to imagine that it will be curious and expansionist?
Nothing in this suggestion was unreasonable, but it’s self-evidently the result of two smart scientists asking: “What would we do?” Cocconi and Morrison’s proposal to look for familiar types of signals, coming from familiar types of technology, has heavily conditioned the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) ever since. Today, the Harvard astronomer Avi Loeb thinks it might be good to look for spectroscopic signatures of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in the atmospheres of alien planets, apparently in the conviction that aliens have fridges like ours (or perhaps they’re just crazy about hairspray). Other scientists have proposed finding aliens by looking for their light-polluting cities; their starship Enterprise-style antimatter drives; or the radiation flashes from extraterrestrial nuclear war. It all sounds dreadfully… human.
The obvious defense is that, if you’re going to bother with SETI at all, you have to start somewhere. That we have the urge to search for life elsewhere probably owes something to our natural instincts to explore our environment and to propagate our kind. If–and this does seem rather likely–all complex life in the universe originated through a competitive Darwinian evolutionary process, isn’t it reasonable to imagine that it will have evolved to be curious and expansionist? Then again, not all human societies seem intent on spreading beyond the village, and whether Darwinian selection will continue to be the predominant shaping force on humanity over the next millennium (never mind a million years) is anyone’s guess.
The problem with basing SETI on projections of our own impulses and inventions is that it constrains our thinking along a very narrow path. Those curbs were going up even before Morrison and Cocconi laid the foundations of SETI. In 1950 the Italian physicist Enrico Fermi was musing with some colleagues about the existence of intelligent aliens who explore the cosmos. If other beings are capable of travel between the stars, surely they’d have spotted us and come to take a look by now, he reasoned, so ‘Where is everybody?’ Fermi’s ‘paradox’ is still cited as an argument for why intelligent life must be rare in the Universe. Among the possible resolutions offered by the SETI Institute, whose name advertises its goals, is: “Aliens have done cost-benefit analyses that show interstellar travel to be too costly or too dangerous.” Maybe “the Galaxy is urbanized [but] we’re in a dullsville suburb.” Or perhaps Earth is being preserved in isolation as “an exhibit for alien tourists or sociologists.”
It’s funny–I almost feel I know these aliens.
Do these failures of imagination mean that we should shut up about what alien civilizations might or might not do? Not at all. I reckon that speculating in this fashion is one of the perks our species has earned for having made a modicum of sense out of this perplexing cosmos. But how can we move beyond solipsism and tired Hollywood tropes?
One tip is not to be too distracted by science fiction. Some of it is fabulous, but let’s not forget that it’s storytelling, which means that it needs characters and plots with which we can identify. And so those classics, from Frank Herbert’s Dune (1965) and Arthur C Clarke’s Childhood’s End (1953) to the elaborate futures of Kim Stanley Robinson and Iain M Banks, have overlords and dictators, heroes and heroines, spaceship fleets and empires. The Dyson sphere was itself prefigured in, and explicitly inspired by, Olaf Stapledon’s novel Star Maker (1937). When we apply human-centric narratives to SETI, we need to remind ourselves that we’re merely looking into a distorted mirror. Such a warning could prod us to be more daring and imaginative in thinking about alien life, as well as to ponder whether there might be a more rigorous way to explore the range of possibilities.
Maybe super-advanced beings will relinquish the physical world, dwelling in the nooks and crannies of extra dimensions
Dig a little, and it’s possible to find more creative ideas about how intelligent aliens might exist yet not be detectable to us. Maybe super-advanced beings will relinquish the physical world, dwelling in the nooks and crannies of extra dimensions. Maybe they will disintegrate into a disembodied swarm intelligence, like the Black Cloud in the 1957 sci-fi novel of that name by English astronomer Fred Hoyle – a rare example of a scientist being truly inventive in fiction. Maybe the life of a hyper-intelligent alien will look to us incomprehensibly boring or complicated.
Or perhaps they will revert to a simpler lifestyle, like the small-brained, seal-like descendants of humans that lounge on rocks in Kurt Vonnegut’s novel Galápagos (1985). They still find farts amusing, though, so even they aren’t so very different from us.
The hand might look like an X-ray from the doctor's office, but it is actually a cloud of material ejected from a star that exploded. NASA's NuSTAR spacecraft has imaged the structure in high-energy X-rays for the first time, shown in blue. Lower-energy X-ray light previously detected by NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory is shown in green and red.
Witches, ghosts and ghouls don't just haunt the Earth on Halloween night — such spooky figures exist throughout the universe, too. Here are some of the most spine-chilling space photos to scare your pants off this Halloween. HERE: This glowing, green zombie-like hand reaches through the depths of space to grab a bright-red cloud of light. Is this a giant space zombie grabbing some dinner? Not quite — NASA calls this nebula the "Hand of God." It is actually a pulsar wind nebula, produced by the dense remnant of a star that exploded in a supernova.
2. Screaming Skull
A. Fabian (IoA Cambridge) et al., NASA
Yikes! This ghastly face in space appears to be screaming while suffering through a miserable, fiery death. But no real skulls were harmed in the making of this photo. It's actually an X-ray image of cluster of galaxies known as the Perseus Cluster.
3. Space Ghosts
Adam Block, NOAO, AURA, NSF
Ghastly figures appear to be fighting to escape from this cloud of interstellar gas and dust called SH2-136. The illuminated dark nebula is about 1,200 light-years away, towards the constellation Cepheus.
4. Halloween Skull in Space
NAIC-Arecibo/NSF
How did this skull wind up in space? A radar image of asteroid 2015 TB145, which NASA says is likely a dead comet, was captured using the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico on Oct. 30, 2015. The skull-shaped asteroid flew by Earth last Halloween (Oct. 31).
5. Zombie Pac-Man Nebula
Gemini South GMOS/Travis Rector/U. of Alaska Anchorage
An ominous-looking nebula named NGC 246 lurks in the constellation Cetus about 1,600 light-years away from Earth. It is nicknamed the "Skull Nebula," but some astronomers call it the "Pac-Man Nebula." It appears to be taking a bite out of space.
6. Witch Head Nebula
NASA/JPL-Caltech
A witch appears to be cackling out into space in this eerie image from NASA's Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer, or WISE. The infrared portrait shows the Witch Head nebula, named after its resemblance to the profile of a wicked witch.
7. Eye of Sauron is Watching You
NASA, ESA, P. Kalas, J. Graham, E. Chiang, E. Kite (University of California, Berkeley), M. Clampin (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center), M. Fitzgerald (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory), and K. Stapelfeldt and J. Krist (NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
This evil eye-shaped nebula, formally named Fomalhaut, strikes an eerie resemblance to the fearful Eye of Sauron from the Lord of the Rings series. In the books, Tolkien described the eye as being "rimmed with fire... watchful and intent, and the black slit of its pupil opened up on a pit, a window into nothing."
8. The Face on Mars
NASA
Though we have yet to find any aliens on Mars, NASA did discover this creepy human face on the Red Planet. The original "Face on Mars" image was taken by NASA's Viking 1 orbiter, in grey scale, on July, 25 1976. NASA assures that the face is simply a peculiar pile of rocks — but that doesn't make it any less spooky!
9. Ghost Head Nebula
Mohammad Heydari-Malayeri (Observatoire de Paris) et al., ESA, NASA
The Ghost Head Nebula's two flaming-hot eyes peer at us all the way from the Magellanic cloud, located about 170,000 light-years away from Earth. Its glowing eyes are star-forming regions with hot blobs of hydrogen and oxygen.
10. Black Widow Nebula
NASA/JPL-Caltech/Univ. of Wisc.
This giant, red space spider is the biggest black widow we've ever seen! But don't worry — it won't bite. It's actually just a nebula, or a cloud of interstellar gas and dust.
11. Zombie Star Explodes Back to Life
NASA/CXC/Chinese Academy of Sciences/F. Lu et al
This zombie star named Tycho was once a white dwarf, or the remnants of an exploding supernova. The dead star gobbled up too much mass from another nearby star and exploded again in what's called a Type Ia supernova.
12. Extreme Pumpkin Stars
NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center
NASA has discovered 18 strange stars that spin so fast that their spherical shape is squashed into the shape of a pumpkin. These rapidly-spinning stars blast X-rays into space at rates of up to thousands of times as much as our sun.
Het is zover: legerveteranen en wetenschappers gaan UFO’s opsporen voor de kust van Californië. Dit is het doel
Het is zover: legerveteranen en wetenschappers gaan UFO’s opsporen voor de kust van Californië. Dit is het doel
Een aantal legerveteranen, wetenschappers en ondernemers gaan zich inzetten in het opsporen van onbekende vliegende objecten oftewel UFO’s.
Ze hebben zich aangesloten bij een ngo die UAP eXpeditions gaat heten.
De organisatie wordt geleid door Kevin Day, een gepensioneerde marineofficier en radarbeheerder die gestationeerd was op één van de schepen die betrokken waren bij een inmiddels beroemde UFO-waarneming waarbij onder meer een object in de vorm van een Tic Tac werd gesignaleerd.
Vandaag de dag
Day volgde de objecten op de radar aan boord van de USS Princeton en denkt dat ze zelfs vandaag de dag nog in het gebied rondvliegen.
De groep gaat onder meer getrainde waarnemers en wetenschappers inzetten en daarnaast wordt gebruikgemaakt van de nieuwste experimentele technologieën.
Denk daarbij aan geavanceerde camera’s die worden gebruikt om de objecten te volgen en vast te leggen.
Zoveel mogelijk
Het doel is om er zoveel mogelijk over te weten te komen.
Ook dr. Kevin Knuth, voorheen werkzaam voor het Ames Research Center van de NASA, heeft zich aangesloten bij de organisatie.
Twee fases
Hij liet weten dat het project zal bestaan uit twee fases. Eerst wordt er met behulp van satellieten gespeurd naar onbekende objecten in de regio.
Vervolgens worden de objecten vanaf een groot schip voor de kust van Californië gevolgd en bestudeerd, aldus Knuth.
If you’ve discovered four galaxy clusters being merged together into one giant galaxy that may be the largest of all time, who would you call to verify that claim? Is there a Guinness Book of Universe Records? There should be, because discoveries like this one may become more common as space agencies plan more Great Observatories like the Chandra X-ray Observatory, Hubble Space Telescope, Compton Gamma Ray Observatory and the Spitzer Space Telescope. Chandra gets to claim this record with the news that NASA astronomers used it to find Abell 1758, a space village contains two pairs of galaxy clusters made up of hundreds of small galaxies that are on a collision-course towards a record-setting cosmic collision.
“The Chandra data revealed for the first time a shock wave — similar to the sonic boom from a supersonic aircraft — in hot gas visible with Chandra in the northern pair’s collision. From this shock wave, researchers estimate two clusters are moving about 2 million to 3 million miles per hour (3 million to 5 million kilometers per hour), relative to each other.”
In a recent press release, NASA scientists reveal that the quadruple galaxy cluster system Abell 1758, first discovered in 2004 and located about three billion light-years from Earth, is not just four clusters moving around each other — they’re speeding towards each other like desperate soaked sink spiders circling a cosmic drain. While the newly-detected shock wave of hot gas helped determine their speed, Chandra’s view of how so-called heavy elements – those heavier than helium – are re-distributed during the collision process shows how close the galaxies in each pair are to becoming one, and how close those are to one massive merger.
Labeled image of Abell 1758 system.
Credit: Chandra X-ray Center
NASA released an excellent highlighted image of the northern and southern pairs of the colliding galaxies and a video recreation of the impending crash.
And the expected date for the explosion guaranteed to light up the universe … or at least the phones at the Guinness Universe Records office is? For that, one needs to dig into “Forming One of the Most Massive Objects in the Universe: The Quadruple Merger in Abell 1758,” the paper describing the discovery published recently in The Astrophysical Journal and written by Gerrit Schellenberger, Larry David, Ewan O’Sullivan, Jan Vrtilek (all from Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian) and Christopher Haines (Universidad de Atacama, Chile). Needless to say, it won’t be anytime soon.
The James Webb Space Telescope, scheduled to be launched in 2021, will join the Great Observatories until the Hubble is retired. In the meantime, astronomers will continue to use the Chandra X-ray Observatory to search for the telltale shock waves of hot gas that indicate crashing galaxy clusters.
Crashing Galaxy Clusters would make a great name for a band, and Shock Waves of Hot Gas sounds like their first heavy metal hit. Opening act? The Desperate Soaking Sink Spiders, of course.
Do you think the US Space Command and the proposed US Space Force have secret ‘black’ budgets that are designated for advanced technologies which could already be flying and are being spotted by civilians as UFOs? There’s a good chance that you do. Do you think those mysterious triangular crafts and snake-like UFOs might be some of them? Probably. Are you worried about these secret flying weapons and their potential to take us into (or even start) a space war? At this point, you most likely believe that too. Are you doing anything about it? While you’re still pondering your answer, Bruce Gagnon already is. He’s the co-founder of theGlobal Network Against Weapons & Nuclear Power in Space, a group promoting an annual Keep Space for Peace Week International Week of Protest to Stop the Militarization of Space. While a shorter name would help, it hasn’t stopped Gagnon from spreading the fears that the space wars may have already begun.
“I’m sure they’re testing technologies for space warfare that we can’t even imagine, that I know for sure.”
In an exclusive interview with Daily Star Online shortly after the latest Keep Space for Peace Week (events were held across the U.S. October 5-12), Gagnon described seeing a photo of one such technology – the Northrop Grumman B-21 Raider, a very long-range, stealth strategic bomber capable of delivering conventional and thermonuclear weapons. Northrup allegedly made the rumored TR-3A Black Manta triangular or flying wing spy plane using funds from a so-called black budget. Photos of the B-21 are not yet known to exist, so whatever Gagnon saw was unauthorized by the Pentagon. Gagnon is a unique combination of war and peace – he served in the Air Force in Vietnam and that’s where he became a peace and anti-nuclear activist.
Artist rendering of the rumored B-21 Stealth Bomber
“But most importantly, the question of the kind of seed we carry from earth into the heavens must be considered by the people of our planet. Are we to allow the U.S., and other nations, to carry the bad seed of warfare, greed, exploitation and environmental contamination into space?”
The noble cause of Gagnon’s Global Network Against Weapons & Nuclear Power in Space is to keep space clean of nuclear power and contamination, keep it free of weapons and stop its exploitation by governments and businesses. One week of protests every year is obviously not enough, so Gagnon is stirring up interests and fears by connecting the recent spate of unexplained UFO sightings – Tic Tacs, snakes, triangles, etc. – with the secretive Space Command and proposed Space Force.
“They’re now training people, young people, they have space camps around the United States. They bring them in and get them excited they then move them into the Air Force Academy and are given a heavy indoctrination on warfare and space.”
Gagnon also looks at space and military camps for youths as scary and not-so-secretive indoctrination programs recruiting future space warriors under the guise of much-needed science and space education and career guidance.
Far-fetched? Do you trust a peace warrior’s warnings about your own government or that government’s warnings about space warriors being the only way to stop other government from dominating space? Do you trust billionaire rocket builders? Do you trust those who still haven’t figured out nuclear power on Earth to manage it safely in space? Do we really own space? Does anyone? Or does everyone? If it’s everyone, how do we get our voices heard over the fight songs of the space warriors?
Do we really know what is taking off or landing at our bases?
Bruce Gagnon reminds us of another time when similar questions were asked.
“The Columbus mythology is often invoked to describe our “manifest destiny” as it relates to space exploration and colonization. The noble explorer theme is used to cover the more practical notion of profits to be made in regards to space. The Columbus mythology does indeed fit. Only it reminds us that the single mindedness that pursues profits and power in the “New World” will also carry grave implications for centuries to come.”
Grave implications. Again.
It’s easy to poke fun at the Space Force because of the times and manner in which it was announced. But while we’re asked to pay for it, our demands for information and explanations of the Tic Tacs, triangles and secret aircraft go unheeded … and are sometimes poked fun at as well.
Should Space Force parades go the way of Columbus Day parades before they have a chance to get started?
Going back to just about as long as encounters with strange alien entities have been around there have been many types of beings that are most commonly described by witnesses who have seen them and people who claim to have been abducted. There are the “Greys” perhaps most well-known in popular culture and which are probably the first image that springs to mind for most in the mainstream, but there are also commonly reported encounters with reptilian beings, and even odder still are those describing something insectoid in nature. Here we will look at a selection of such encounters in recent years, but these are really just the tip of the iceberg, and it seems to be a phenomenon that is firmly entrenched in the world of the paranormal and UFOlogy. These reports are the strange of the strange, so get on your tin foil hats, because we are going for a ride into the furthest reaches of the utterly bizarre.
What have often been called “Mantis Men” or “Mantis aliens” typically are said to look very much as their name would suggest. They are usually described as standing 6-7 feet tall, with long, thin torsos, skinny, multi-jointed limbs, triangular, insect-like heads with large, slanted eyes and small or non-existent mouths, and the whole of the creatures covered with what appears to be some sort of segmented exoskeleton. One good description is given by UFO BC, and reads:
These Beings have long, narrow faces, with long, narrow, large eyes, sharply slanted upward and outward in an almost narrow-V position, giving an almost insect-like appearance. This comparison is heightened by the Praying-Mantis types’ extremely thin, long torsos, long, extremely thin arms which are usually crooked into a sharp bend at the mid-joint, with the hand and fingers sloping almost vertically downward from the wrist, and legs also bent at an almost right-angle at the mid-joint, creating a crouched pose. The overall effect is the characteristic ‘Praying Mantis’ look. It should be noted that experiencers feel that this type is no insect, but rather an intelligent, gentle spirited… and jerky moving, human-like life form. There are both males and females.
It may sound completely absurd, like something out of a bad science fiction movie, but there are actually numerous reports of encounters with such entities, running throughout a range of ages and walks of life. Such encounters can come in conjunction with UFO sightings and abductions, but just as often are reported by witnesses who see these creatures just roaming about, and the reports are so varied and weird that it is hard to know what to make of them at times. While most commonly associated with the UFO phenomenon and lumped together as aliens, Mantis Man sightings often happen out in the wilderness with no mention of UFOs, as if a particularly freakish Bigfoot report, and a few of these occurred as recently as the early 2000s in the state of New Jersey. The first in this series of encounters allegedly happened in 2002 at Stephens State Park, north of Hackettstown, New Jersey, where two men had been fishing at dusk along the Musconetcong River when they saw something very odd indeed. A friend of one of the witnesses would tell Lon Strickler, of Phantoms and Monsters of the surreal events that would transpire:
Apparently about a year ago my friend and his brother were down at Stephen’s State Park fishing right around dusk. During this time, while his brother was roughly 50 yards downstream fishing, he said he felt this strange vibration in his right ear and from that he turned and looked to the right. When he turned and looked to the right he said he saw this 6 to 7 foot praying-mantis-looking-man… just standing there and unable to believe that he could see him. He said the creature was black and gray and to be quite honest, the way my buddy was telling me this story, I was having a tough time. I know he saw this thing… because I could see it in his face.
Strickler would end up digging up another sighting of what seems to be a very similar creature in the same vicinity, which was seen by another fisherman as well. The witness claims that he had been out fishing in at the river with his boss in 2004, and they had both been waist high in the water when he says he just suddenly noticed a very outlandish entity making its way up the opposite bank. He explains:
I just “Caught it”. Movement out of the corner of my eye to my left and there it was—Humanoid. Tall. 6 foot at least –no reference points– but I sense 6’6″ – 7′. Moving away from me back up the bank. (I am chest-high in the river) The first thing I see was the ‘grasshopper’ thigh, but bending forward like a human. Then the whole form. He is looking at me over his shoulder, moving up the bank, astonished, amazed. What, that I am in the water in a strong current, that I can see him? But yes we lock eyes and this creature is astonished– I get the sense that he can’t believe I am in the water, that he can’t believe I have seen him, that I am not perturbed at all– something of all three, I still don’t know– just astonishment and he is actually trying to get away from me and the water! Triangular Head. Huge, slanted black eyes. Just like a Praying Mantis. It’s whole body was gangly, nobby, ((Nobby!) but you could still sense it was powerful, and no– I would not say it was a “Big Bug”– it was definitely humanoid despite the mantis/insect qualities.
Again, I stress the strong impression that The Mantis Man was cloaked and I “caught it” just right; it abruptly found itself against a “new”/blank background and was adjusting quickly. No, I do not believe it “slipped” into another dimension/plane. I detected movement and first saw that strong left thigh, (and strong right calf) then the whole thing and immediately those eyes/face. The whole encounter was only a couple of seconds. I can not tell you with any strong certainty what its feet or hands looked like –I wasn’t looking there– but I can tell you that its arms were “normal”, and not the literal Mantis forelegs I have recently seen in drawings of these “Aliens”.
The detail that it seemed so surprised to be seen is interesting, although it is hard to know what to make of that. Yet another sighting featured on Phantoms and Monsters happened in the same area, this time in July of 2014 by a witness who claims he had been driving along the Musconetcong River and just sort of taking in the scenery when he noticed something very tall standing out in the water. At first he took it to be a fisherman, but it seemed too strange looking and somehow not human, so he slowed down to get a closer look. This is when he would realize that it was definitely no fisherman, and he says of his encounter:
I saw something strange a few weeks ago on the Musconetcong River near my home here in Hackettstown, New Jersey. I was driving home from the drug store on Newburgh Rd. As I drove near the bridge over the river, I noticed to my left something (I thought a fisherman) standing in the river just off the south bank. I slowed the car and looked closer. It wasn’t a person and it was transparent-like with a weird shape. It moved slowly towards the bank and into the trees. I drove further so I could see it coming out of the trees. That’s the last I saw of it. It was tall, 8 ft. or so and had long thin arms hanging off of it. The color was a pale brown, but I could see through it! The head was small compared to the body. It was sunny that day so I thought it may be glare from the water, but after I thought back I realized I wasn’t seeing a mirage or glare.
This one almost seems to have been trying to cloak itself somehow, perhaps why the enitiy in the previous encounter was so baffled that it was seen. Another seemingly similar creature, although much smaller than these previous accounts, was also reported, this time in 2011 along the Thames River, in Connecticut. The woman claims she had been driving home from work at around midnight when she saw something she cannot explain. She says:
I saw a small 1 1/2 to 2-foot-tall Praying Mantis humanoid running on the side of Pequot Avenue in New London, CT. The avenue runs alongside the Thames River and I was driving southbound on Pequot when I saw it on the side of the road directly on my left. It was a mahogany brown color and it looked exactly like the CGI version on the show. I stopped my car and watched it and it was looking right at me the whole while as it ran towards a storm drain. It never took its eyes off me then it jumped down the storm drain.
Interestingly, another of these creatures was spotted in 2015 in the vicinity of Big Basin Redwoods State Park, California, which was related to the show Coast to Coast AM and involved the witness seeing an 8-foot-tall “Mantis Man” that apparently had the ability to turn invisible or vanish at will. While these reports are certainly very bizarre, there are other Mantis Man reports that are even more outlandish, and with these we truly take a trip into a realm deeply lodged in high strangeness. One very odd report that has made the rounds was given on UFO BC, by a witness calling himself “Jim G,” who lives in London, England. He claims that one evening in August of 2001 he woke to find two of these entities looming over his bed, apparently watching him as he slept, and they looked very much like some sort of insectoid humanoids. One entity was cloaked in a robe, but had what seemed to be a shiny black exoskeleton like that of a beetle, while the other was more of the classic description of a Mantis Alien, standing 7 feet tall and all segmented limbs and mantis head, with no noticeable clothing. Jim explains the mantis creature and the weird events that would play out thusly:
All I recall was that it was tall. At least 7 foot, it had to bend its neck because of the height of the ceiling. Its head was pointed with large eyes. Its for-arms were extremely long and moved in a jerky fashion. The cloaked figure was closer, crouching by my bed, so I couldn’t tell how tall it was, but I could clearly see that it was wearing some kind of overlapping ridged amour? Including a metallic looking breastplate that had a series of circles on it. Its head was dome-like with emotionless facial features. Its eyes were large and surrounded again by detailed ridges. It acted in a way that reminded me of a robot or insect.
I remember thinking to myself, nobody’s going to believe this! A bloody giant sized mantis and medieval-style dressed alien, what the hell is this? Before this incident, although I hadn’t see one, I was familiar with the gray (alien) types but I had never heard of the praying-mantis types. At this point, the mantis bent its upper body, over my bed and directly above me. In its hand it was holding a long metal object that looked like a needle. A green light shot directly from the needle and into my right eye. Maybe it’s a laser, I am not sure, but I do know it felt very painful. I could see all the veins from my eye, the same effect you get when an Optician checks your eyes. I screamed but no noise came out. I then felt something stick into my skull! I’m not sure what because by that time I had my eyes closed. I pretended to sleep and went into deep panic! My mind was racing at a million miles per hour. I heard a great whooshing sound and when I next reopened my eyes thankfully they had gone.
Another one of the weirder of these reports is an account chronicled by UFO researcher Linda Moulton Howe in her book Glimpses of Other Realities, Vol. II: High Strangeness. She tells the tale of a witness named Linda Porter, who claimed to have had an incredibly odd encounter with a telepathic mantis-like humanoid in a hallway in 1961 and that it had whisked her off to another dimension via what she called an “interdimensional tunnel.” The next thing she knew, Porter was with a “Praying mantis being in a light-filled room,” and she said:
I remember the being slowly coming around the corner and facing me. He stood very still and simply waited as if he knew how frightening he appeared to me. Eventually he began to talk to me (telepathically). He seemed to possess a great deal of dignity and gave the impression of being quite old. He walked me to this room (filled with dense light). The memory ends with me about to enter the room and the thought ‘Translated Into the Light’ has to do with what happened.
Adding to the utter strangeness of this case, Porter, who had been born with a heart defect, claimed that she had had her soul transferred by the creature into a cloned body of herself that was healthy, and that the creature had explained to her in depth about other dimensions and travel between them. Very weird stuff, indeed. In another peculiar account from UFO BC, there is a witness who says that her and her friend had been captured by tall, insectoid humanoids and then been subjected to some sort of violent, gruesome medical procedure. She would say:
I stood there helpless for the longest time, not knowing what to do but feeling a real sense of panic. Something had to be done quickly. All of a sudden there were two Beings that appeared next to my friend. They seemed to push me right aside and silently went right to work on her, like skilled surgeons. They stood to her left, standing together and working furiously on my friend. I had no idea who they were, what they were doing, but the first thing I thought of was ‘are they aliens’??? I stood there and watched…I thought they looked like Praying Mantises. Alien Praying Mantises…
Then I focused on my friend and saw her head was split wide open, like these aliens sliced it perfectly open. I saw freshly sliced raw flesh and these Aliens/Praying Mantis were busily removing pieces of bone, rock or whatever from her brain. This did not look anything like what I would imagine the inside of a brain to look but it was just such a clean cut. These two Alien/Praying Mantis worked quickly, without speaking one word. I seemed to black out and don’t remember any more of it.
What was going on here? What were they doing? What happened to the friend? Was this all a hallucination or is there anything more to it? Who knows? From the same site is a bizarre report from a witness who claims the Mantis Men were rather more benevolent towards him, and even gifted him with advanced technology. He explains:
My Praying Mantis figure was very kind to me. He urged me to stay calm and telepathically reassured me everything would be alright. My right eye was removed by a device that came down from the white ceiling. I started to really panic but the Mantis kept me from really freaking out. Then it was replaced. The Mantis also told me telepathically that I was a special person who would really make a difference here on earth. I am now 44 years old and have made no real significant differences to the human race. I think he may have just wanted to reassure a child at the time. I have retained 1 thing from my encounter. I still have the power to see major global disasters before they happen. I only report them to either my fiancé or my close family members because I know anyone else would just call me crazy. But now they believe me for the most part. Because when I see something clearly and tell them, it always happens.
Here we have looked at merely a selection from the files of truly otherworldly encounters with insectiod humanoids, and it is all really quite a lot to take in. What could possibly lie at the root of such reports? Are these things aliens or undiscovered creatures of some sort? With regards to Mantis Men the theory that these are interdimensional travelers is often brought up, so could that possibly be what is going on here, these beings coming across the veil between realities rather than across the sea of stars? Are these just hallucinations, delusions, or lies? As it is we are left pretty baffled by such reports, and it has come to the point where these accounts are largely even shunned by those within cryptozoology, UFOlogy, and the paranormal world in general. Yet, still these sightings and reports come in, and it sure does make one wonder just what is going on here.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
Moon Size UFO Exits Sun On NASA Camera! UFO Sighting News.
Moon Size UFO Exits Sun On NASA Camera! UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Oct 22, 2019 Location of sighting: Earths Sun Source:Helioviewer.org A massive triangular UFO moved past our sun last week. The object was caught on serval SOHO helioviewer cameras and has a definite shape to it that appears to be intelligently designed. On the blue filter camera (AIA 225) its easy to see the outline of the craft. If we use the comparison chart of the earth, we see the size of this UFO is equal to our moon. That this alien ship seems to have exited our sun and passed by our planet...all without NASA ever saying a single world to the public about it. Also the object is shooting out of the sun at an odd angle. If an object was spit out by the sun, it would usually shoot straight out due to gravitational pull of the sun and its rotation. However this UFO shoots out the outer edge of the sun and exits at an impossible angle. This is absolute proof that alien species are using our sun for their own purposes. That our sun...is not ours after all, but theirs. This sighting strengthens my hollow sun theory. That the center of our sun holds a compact mini solar system within it...created and placed there by the alien species who currently live on those mini planets. This UFO...comes from one of those planets within our sun. Scott C. Waring-Taiwan
UFOs Found In NASA Apollo 17 Images, Video, UFO Sighting News.
UFOs Found In NASA Apollo 17 Images, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: Oct 2019
Location of discovery: Earths orbit
Mission: Apollo 17
These dark triangle UFOs were reported this week by Youtuber Terrys Theories. He found some interesting triangle craft in some old Apollo 17 archives. The triangle UFO appears to be very close to the Apollo module. I would estimate that the UFO is 800 meters away at the most. In the screenshot below you can see the triangle UFO moving away, cutting a trail through the clouds as it moves. As I have said before, aliens have faster than light craft, which are capable of time travel. They like to travel to significant moments in human history that define who we are...and witness that for themselves first hand.
UFO Shows Up Behind John Wayne In "Rio Grande" Movie, Video, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Shows Up Behind John Wayne In "Rio Grande" Movie, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: 2010 Location of sighting: Rio Grand classic movie These UFOs were seen in the original Rio Grand. They show up in a scene behind John Wayne. The argument here is....did they make a fake backdrop for this movie or were they outside in the Arizona/Nevada area filming it? Alien do have a habit of traveling to moments in time that allow them to see actual historic figures. Yes I said travel...meaning time travel. For instance, President Reagan said he witnessed two UFOs from his private plane while he was Governor of California. But, yet even the eyewitness testimony of a US president doesn't seem to change the US publics opinion of UFOs. I'm honestly not sure what it would take other than a full scale invasion. Scott Waring
Again a weird object falls from the sky during thunderstorm and this time above Concordia, Argentina
Again a weird object falls from the sky during thunderstorm and this time above Concordia, Argentina
It happened two weeks ago when a weird object fell from the sky during a thunderstorm over San Antonio and now it has happened again over Concordia, Argentina on October 27, 2019.
Jésica Bonasola who captured the object said: When returning from the big jump lake because a storm was approaching, I turned on my camera in order to be able to capture a lightning bolt in slow motion, when I reproduce it I see something descending at its side. What do you think?
Just a coincidence that within two weeks strange objects fall out of the sky during a storm or is there more to it?
A Private Company Will Try To Locate and Track UFOs Off The California Coast
A Private Company Will Try To Locate and Track UFOs Off The California Coast
The government appears not interested in producing more details about potential UFOs in our military airspace beyond three Navy videos. Some UFO enthusiasts suggest that the private sector should get more directly involved. Well, this may be happening very soon.
Kevin Day, a former sailor on the USS Princeton during the Nimitz UFO encounters, has embarked a company that plans to locate and track UFOs if they are still visiting off the California Coast. The question now is that if this venture can attract investors.
Kevin Day believes it does, and that’s the reason he founded UAP eXpeditions. The organization plans to install advanced equipment off the coast of California for tracking UAPs like those infamous Tic Tacs tracked by the USS Nimitz.
Day should know about this as he was stationed on the USS Princeton as an air intercept controller during the encounter. He believes those UFOs are still out there.
Day has teamed up with Dr. Kevin Knuth, an ex-NASA scientist, to find those tic tacs. While Day knows what these mysterious objects look like, Knuth knows how to capture their images in the best details as possible and share them with the public.
The plan involves using powerful binoculars, drones, cameras in the visual to infrared wavelengths, and satellite data. Mr. Day is partnering with quantum physicist Deep Prasad and several other big names. Prasad said that these investigations could lead to incredible technological advances if we can reverse engineer what these UFOs are capable of doing.
While the Navy ‘Tic Tac’ UFOs and the Storm Area 51 fiasco get all of the mainstream media attention, what has been memorialized by government officials as the “only historically documented UFO sighting in the United States” continues to be the Rodney Dangerfield of UFO sightings, getting no respect from the media nor local community government officials and business leaders who want the monument dedicated to the 1969 event moved out of sight and the park established around it repurposed to something less … popular with everybody but them?
That explains why Thom Reed, who as a 9-year-old was “taken aboard a tarnished circular looking vessel where an image of a willow tree was displayed” and returned hours later with his family. Reed fought to have the event memorialized, fought again when local officials claimed it was on public property and is now fighting again – this time in court. Before you ask, he has the support documents, the letter from the governor and the polygraph test (verified by the police) to prove it. Why did the aliens accept Thom Reed but not his own people?
Thom Reed has retained a prominent law firm and has begun the process of suing the town of Sheffield, Massachusetts, and others for blatant malice and slander regarding their involvement in the selection of the site for the monument, which they later said was on public property and that it was all Thom Reed’s doing. He’s also filing a class action lawsuit with the many local television personalities and businesses who sponsor the UFO Monument Park and has other suits and complaints under consideration. Needless to say, Thom Reed is upset – not just about the monument and the park but about his good name as well.
Local radio station WSBS verified that it broadcast news of a UFO sighting on September 1, 1969, which was witnessed by many people besides Thom Reed who called in to report it. It was the subject of numerous documentaries (the History Channel filmed an episode of “Ancient Aliens” at the park) and the dedication of the monument in 2015 received coverage outside of the local news. Thom Reed is now working on his own documentary and book that will no doubt include more details of his fight for the monument and park memorializing his abduction and experiences because it’s still the “only historically documented UFO sighting in the United States.”
“The incident was factually upheld, founded, and deemed historically significant and true by means of Massachusetts historians. The records highlighting the historic event are now officially part of the Great Barrington, Ma. Historical Society’s Collection and your recent induction into Massachusetts history.”
Thom Reed has stated that he saw UFOs twice on his family’s property prior to 1969. Has he somehow been selected to fight for the rights of UFO witnesses and contactees to have their stories told accurately? Do UFO accounts have to be military-related or potential moneymakers before they’re accepted? As this quote from the Berkshire Eagle implies, there’s plenty of people who believe in lake monsters and how many of them have letters from the governor?
You can believe in Thom Reed’s UFO encounter or not, but even those who don’t should believe in his right to protect his name and reputation. This is still America.
Mysterious vanishings and what I like to call “almost vanishings,” wherein a person has disappeared only to reappear again with a strange story suggesting they could have very well have been gone forever, are surely enigmatic enough as it is. Yet, in some cases there are details that suggest there are odd and very dark forces possibly at work behind the scenes. Such are those of these cases that involve some sort of entities, the nature of which we cannot understand, which according to these reports might have stepped out of the fringe to claim these people.
One very strange recent case of mysterious entities and a what seems to be a near vanishing comes from the Monsters Among Us podcast, Season 8, Episode 5, and which revolves around the case of a witness known only as Mark, who worked on his parents’ dairy farm in the state of California. In August of 2019, Mark was working late, when at around 3:15 AM the silence was broken by what sounded like muffled voices wafting through the air from behind a nearby hay barn. The startled man could not figure out why anyone would be out there at that hour, and a patrol of the farm turned up no intruders or trespassers, indeed no sign of where the anomalous sounds had come from. He tried to forget about it and chalk it up to tiredness, but the voices would start up again on several occasions, with the source never identifiable.
He decided to sit in a feed loader within the barn and wait until the voices started again, after which his plan was to flick on the lights and catch whoever it was, but he must have fallen asleep, because the next thing he knew he was waking up in an unfamiliar room with a door in front of him. He sat up and peered at this door, which had not been there before, and as he did it apparently flew open to disgorge a knife wielding man, who ran at him without a sound or expression on his face. Somehow Mark was able to side step the attack and send the would be attacker sprawling to the floor, after which the stranger would lie still as if dead, and the night would become even more surreal yet.
As Mark prodded the fallen assailant with his foot, two other doors apparently appeared out of thin air, and from each of these stepped another strange entity. One was an extremely tall, lanky man with the head of a crow, and the other was a man in a business suit who had a contorted face that was “smiling and twisted.” This man with the contorted face allegedly grabbed Mark by the wrists, and as it did its shirt fell open to reveal a buzzing circular saw-blade embedded within its chest that it seemed to be pulling him towards. The panicked Mark knocked the entity to the ground, where it lie still and apparently dead just as the knife wielding man had done. That crow-faced entity then stepped forward to loom over Mark and stare at him before backing away back to the door it had come through, stepping through it and then vanishing, whereupon the horrified and baffled witness jolted awake in that feed loader, with no sign of any of the entities and the doors gone.
He would have blamed it all on a very bad and trippy dream, but looking at his wrists he could see red hand marks left behind from where he had been grabbed, which burned as if hot, and a peek at his watch showed that just 5 minutes had passed since he had sat within that loader. What happened to this witness? Did Mark encounter extra-dimensional entities who sought to abduct him for inscrutable purposes, or was this simply all a hallucination? Who knows, but it is a very outlandish a and surreal report, and we are left to wonder what these entities were, if anything.
An attempted abduction by possible aliens or inter-dimensional interlopers fits in well with our next case, which was related by David Palides, this time in a Coast 2 Coast AM interview with George Knapp. In this weird account, a 3-year-old boy known only as John Doe went missing on Oct 1 2010 at around 6:30 PM along a popular fly fishing river near Mt. Shasta, in California. Shortly after his reported disappearance, authorities conducted a search of the area and found the boy 5 hours later sitting in a stand of trees and seemingly dazed and confused. He would later come forth with quite the odd story to tell.
According to the boy, he had been taken into a cave deep within the mountain by a woman who he had thought was his grandmother. Once they had reached their destination, the boy claimed that he had found himself in a cold, dark room full of human-looking robots that sat or stood around in various positions, apparently motionless, as well as some form of guns or weapons scattered about accruing dust, not to mention giant spiders skittering about in the gloom. It was then that the boy allegedly realized that there was a strange light emanating from his grandmother’s head and that she too was some sort of robot. The “grandmother” apparently ordered him to defecate upon a sheet of paper and got agitated when he refused. The grandmother also told him that he was from outer space and had been planted in his mother’s womb. The boy was then taken back outside and told to wait in a thicket until he was found.
When the whole incredibly bizarre tale came to light, the grandmother confessed that a year before the incident she had been camping in the area and had been inexplicably pulled from her tent and deposited a short distance away. When she had woken up, she claimed to have felt a pain in the base of her neck, and had discovered two puncture marks surrounded by red skin. The grandmother had no idea if this had anything to do with the boy’s far-out tale, but it does seem rather odd. Paulides has claimed that this is one of the more bizarre disappearances he has come across, and the whole tale seems rather absurd if not for the fact that everyone involved has continued to maintain that it is true.
A perhaps even more terrifying encounter allegedly occurred in April of 1992, and while it did not result in a vanishing it certainly seems like it was headed in that direction. On the evening of April 12, the anonymous witness was driving through the desolate desert wasteland of US 180 near Deming, New Mexico, at approximately 11:20 PM when he noticed a white light shining in the dark off to the left side of the road. Thinking this to be odd he continued on his way, only to suddenly notice that a grayish-white, luminous cloud of smoke had stretched across the road ahead almost like a wall.
The witness then drove right on into this eerie fog, and claimed to have driven through it for around an hour but soon found that it was so thick he could barely see the road right in front of his truck. It was all extremely odd considering that such dense fogs are exceedingly rare in such desert locales. Perplexed, the witness exited the vehicle to take a look around, but as he did he claims that he abruptly lost control of his limbs and sprawled to the ground, dizzy and numb and unable to move. As he lie there on the parched earth surrounded by this clinging vapor, two shadowy figures approached out of the murk to grab him by each arm and begin hauling him through the smoke towards a shiny metallic object situated nearby.
According to the witness, these beings brought him through a rectangular opening in the side of the craft and placed him in a chair-like device. It was now that he could see that the two figures were not human, but rather slender, bony entities around 5 feet in height, with oval faces and large black eyes. The chair was put into a reclining position and the witness claims that something was inserted into his nose, some type of tube or device, which caused a distinct buzzing and stinging sensation that caused him to shout out. The two beings were apparently startled, reportedly then throwing him back outside, after which he levitated to his vehicle and the thick fog melted away to leave him there shaking and sobbing in the desert night. What would have happened to him if he had not managed to escape?
A possible such abduction in which the person never did come back to tell the tale is the very weird case of the vanishing of Granger Taylor, who disappeared in 1980 from his parent’s home in the rural town of Duncan, on Vancouver Island in Canada. A high school dropout, Taylor had nevertheless been a remarkably talented mechanic all of his life, he had always had the urge to build and tinker with things, including rebuilding a junked bulldozer, renovating and restoring an abandoned old locomotive he had found out in the forest as well as a vintage World War II P-40 Kitty Hawk airplane, which he fixed up good as new. His skill with building things was undeniable.
Granger Taylor
Granger was not without his own eccentricities, as such geniuses are won’t to be, and at one point he painstakingly constructed an actual life sized UFO in his yard over the course of a year, tirelessly cobbled together from some old satellite dishes and other assorted spare parts and junk. It was around this time when Granger had expressed intense interest in the subject of UFOs and aliens, and he began to make increasingly bizarre claims to his friends that he was in regular telepathic contact with actual extraterrestrials. By all accounts he had become hopelessly and deeply obsessed with UFOs, constantly reading about them and theorizing about how they worked, and it was practically the only thing he would ever talk about. He would spend hours locked away within his UFO replica, which was equipped with a stove and a bed, feverishly reading about UFOs and doing who knows what else out there. Things got weirder still when Granger began to tell his friends that not only had aliens been contacting him, but that they had actually invited him on a journey aboard one of their craft.
On November 29, 1980, the night he vanished without a trace, Granger had dinner at a diner he regularly frequented, despite the fact that a severe storm was ominously brewing outside. On that night, gale force winds were beginning to come roaring through the area, eventually knocking out large swaths of electricity and causing mass panic. Granger returned home through the storm and left an incredibly weird letter behind for his parents in the barn, which had served for his workstation where he tinkered with and built all manner of curious things. The deeply weird letter read:
Dear Mother and Father, I have gone away to walk aboard an alien spaceship, as recurring dreams assured a 42-month interstellar voyage to explore the vast universe, then return. I am leaving behind all my possessions to you as I will no longer require the use of any. Please use the instructions in my will as a guide to help.
On the back of the letter was inexplicably scrawled a map of Waterloo Mountain, around 20 miles away, the significance of which has never been ascertained. After writing this letter, Granger got into his 1972 Datsun pick-up truck and drove out into the roiling storm outside, his final destination unknown. True to his word, he had indeed left behind everything he owned, including a sizable chunk of cash to the tune of $10,000, although his secretly penned last will held few clues at all. He has never been seen again. The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) immediately organized a massive search for the missing man, but no sign of neither him nor his vehicle could ever be located. The only possible clue ever found was a few bits of human bone that were found 4 miles away from the Taylor property at a dynamite blast site, with the main theory being that Granger had had some dynamite in his truck that had accidentally gone off, but it has never been conclusively determined whether these remains really belonged to Granger or not.
In the years since, the bizarre vanishing has of course produced many theories as to what happened to him. One is that he had simply had enough of his life and either went off to start a new one or ended it, or that he accidentally exploded himself with dynamite, as the evidence seems to suggest. Another is that he was the victim of foul play of some sort, but there is no evidence to support this. There is also the idea that he had some sort of psychotic break from reality and fled off into the unknown, which is supported by claims from friends and family that Granger had been heavily smoking a lot of pot and frequently dropping acid in the months leading up to his inexplicable vanishing. Then of course in light of his final letter there is the notion that he actually did make contact with his beloved aliens, and that they had spirited him away to destinations unknown. Whether Granger was the victim of suicide, a demented, troubled mind, or he was truly whisked away to the stars by otherworldly beings, his odd case has never been solved, and it remains one of the strangest, surreal disappearances there is.
One such case that is rather completely off the wall concerns a man who was whisked away to be held prisoner by a strange race of people for years before being spat back into our reality once again. The tale concerns a pilot only known as Eddy, who was out on a mission and approached Howland Island, eerily in the vicinity where Amelia Earhart notoriously vanished, where he claims to have seen a vast expanse of green fog, which upon entering caused his aircraft to malfunction and his communications with the outside world to cease. As he emerged from the fog, Eddy reported that he had come into visual sight of an island that was not supposed to be there, and which did not show up on any charts.
Eddy was able to land the jet, and was supposedly approached by a young woman of seemingly Polynesian descent, who apologized and stated that the island had a habit of pulling in planes such as his. Eddy would purportedly end up living on the mysterious uncharted island for around 6 months, where he claimed the inhabitants lived a simple lifestyle, all while intensive search efforts were being made to find him. None of the island residents seemed to have the slightest awareness of nor concern for the outside world which Eddy had left behind, and they seemed to be perfectly content with their reclusive existence.
Yearning for home, Eddy became despondent, after which he was told he could finally return to from whence he came. As he put distance between himself and the strange island which had been his home for months, he allegedly suddenly regained radio communications and was found by a passing fishing vessel. It was at that point that the entire island reportedly became veiled by a green mist and blinked out of existence in a flash of brilliant white light. Did this pilot manage to punch through some barrier between dimensions and make contact with a parallel universe of some sort? Would he have remained forever vanished like so many other aircraft if he hadn’t been allowed to leave? Was this aliens, a lost civilization, or what? Could it be that numerous other pilots who have seemed to have flown off the edge of the earth have wound up in realms like these, perhaps some sort of pocket dimensions? It is unclear just what the answers to these questions are.
One of the most bizarre mysterious disappearances and reappearances involving strange entities is one that I have covered before but which seems worth mentioning here again all the same. The case was told by David Paulides in an interview for Paranormal Central, and comes from the year 1868, when 3-year-old girl suddenly went missing in Northern Michigan as she was at a lumber camp run by her father. According to the father, she had been there one second and then simply gone the next, as if she had simply blinked from existence. A search was launched, during which the panicked father enlisted the help of two hunters to try and find his young daughter lost out alone in the woods. The girl’s name was called over and over again into the thick forest as night and shadows slowly crept up on them, yet no answer came back. It was as she had vanished into thin air. With the onset of darkness, the search was called off until the next morning, with no trace of where the young girl had gone off to.
The next day the search continued and the hunters were hard at work scouring the woods for any sign of the missing girl. As they trudged through rugged, dense wilderness, they allegedly heard the shouts of a young girl from nearby, which sounded muffled and muted somehow, like sounds coming from farther away than they were, as if through some veil or blanket. The hunters claimed that they followed the source of the shouts to a river, and that as they fought through brush to approach they could hear a large splash after which they saw an enormous black shape that they took to be perhaps a bear entering the water and swimming towards the opposite shore. As they stared in shock at the retreating beast, they noticed the girl standing upon a nearby log, minus some articles of clothing.
When the girl was recovered, she seemed to be rather shaken up, and claimed that the creature they had seen was named Mr. Wolf and that he had been holding her prisoner there. She claimed that this Mr. Wolf had eaten her hat, taken her shoes, and had refused to let her leave under any circumstances, although he had also provided her with berries to eat. It is unclear whether this was a bear, a wolf, or something else, and the story certainly seems rather bizarre. What was this “Mr. Wolf” and what did it want? Just what is going on here?
There has been some doubt as to the veracity of this particular story, with skepticism cast on Paulides’ reporting of the events. According to paranormal investigator Theo Paijmans, Paulides may have exaggerated some elements of the story and even confused the case with the fairy tale Little Red Riding Hood, as there is very little corroborating evidence in the news of the time to suggest that there was ever this mysterious “Mr. Wolf.” Paijmans told me:
In regards to Paulides’ retelling of the 1868 missing girl case, his version is not supported by any of the original sources. The story was widely reported in various US newspapers. Not in the timeframes Paulides claims, but in 1868, 1882 and again in 1903. Each time the retellings of the story consistently remain the same. None of the many articles that appeared in the American newspapers from 1868 to 1903 mention a “Mr. Wolf”. A bear is mentioned though – but that’s it, plain and simple. Paulides may have been confused by the old German-Dutch European fairy tale of Little Red Riding Hood (the girl Little Red Riding Hood visits her grandmother in the forest and meets with a wolf in disguise who wants to eat her) in this account.
It is hard to say what is going on here, but it is a wild story all the same. We are left to ask, are there things out there that seek to whisk us away to other realms for nefarious purposes? Do certain entities stalk about in the periphery waiting for their chance to strike, with only those who have managed to escape bringing back glimpses into the possibilities of what has happened to those who have stepped off the face of the earth? Whatever the case may be, these are very odd and disturbing accounts that serve to stoke the fires of the imagination and make us wonder just what forces lie out there beyond our understanding.
Scientists claim to know the location of where thefirst modern humans walked the Earth 200,000 years ago. Although it was originally believed that the first modern humans arose in the eastern part of Africa, new evidence has pinpointed the location to the southern part of the continent.
A team of researchers used geology, physics and genetics to determine that the Makgadikgadi wetlands located to the south of the Zambezi River in northern Botswana was the original hometown of our Homo sapien ancestors.
Vanessa Hayes, who is from the Garvan Institute of Medical Research in Australia, said, “It has been clear for some time that anatomically modern humans appeared in Africa roughly 200,000 years ago.” She went on to say, “What has been long debated is the exact location of this emergence and subsequent dispersal of our earliest ancestors,” adding, “This is the first time the exact location has been identified.” The findings have been published in the journal Nature and can be read in full here.
Kalahari Desert in Botswana
Despite the Makgadikgadi wetlands area being home to mostly salt pans and a large desert today, back 200,000 years ago it had a huge lake that was approximately twice the size of Lake Victoria (Africa’s largest lake) which measures 26,828 square miles. The wetland also had a lush green landscape which would have allowed our ancestors to “thrive” according to Hayes. She went into further detail by explaining, “It was an extremely large area, it would have been very wet, it would have been very lush. It would have actually provided a suitable habitat for modern humans and wildlife to have lived.”
Homo sapiens remained there for approximately 70,000 years until most of them spread out to other locations due to climate change. That was when our ancestors moved to different areas in Africa before eventually migrating to other parts of the world.
Between 130,000 and 110,000 years ago, the first group of migrants traveled north, followed by a second group that went south west. A third group remained at the wetlands. They migrated because of two climate shifts called “green corridors”.
Axel Timmerman, who co-authored the study, said that 130,000 years ago was the same time period as the end of the Penultimate Glacial Period that caused a “major change in Earth’s orbit.” He explained, “In particular, the Southern Hemisphere summer is moving closer to the Sun,” adding, “It receives more sunlight and it’s also having more moisture. There is clearly a shift in climate and vegetation that allowed greater rainfall around 130,000 years ago.”
The additional amounts of rainfall created the first “green corridor” and that’s why some of our ancestors moved to the north east. Several thousand years later, around 110,000 years ago, after another “green corridor”, more of them decided to migrate to the south west. And eventually they ended up in different locations all around the world.
Jose Angel Castro was on his way to the shopping center with a friend when they noticed a UFO about 500 meters above the stores. The day was overcast at 10 am. Jose says that he saw domes on the top and bottom center of the craft that were easier to see with his eyes that the camera didn't pick up on. The white ceramic color disk soon changed to a metallic color. This is a fantastic sighting of a white disk over Panama. The official video is only on Facebook so they are not making any profit from it like Youtube users are. This video looks 100% legit. I cannot see any flaws or glitches in it. Fantastic raw footage. Scott C. Waring
The woman trying to sell me healing crystals couldn't be clearer. "You have to go to Capilla Del Monte," she says. "It's the spiritual capital of the country."
I've heard a lot about this small central Argentinian town. Its claim to fame is its apparent UFO appearances, which are so frequent that local press have given it the rather unimaginative nickname of "the town where everyone has seen a UFO". According to locals, the reason for all the extra-terrestrial activity is an underground UFO base buried deep beneath the mountains surrounding the town, which residents call "ERKS". Unsurprisingly, all this extraterrestrial business attracts tens of thousands of tourists to Capilla Del Monte every year.
From the Chilean desert to Nazca in Peru, local anecdotes of UFO appearances are hardly a rarity in South America. Last month, in the Brazilian state of Bahia, a hiking guide confided in me that while he feared neither jaguars nor poisonous snakes, he was terrified by the "beings coming and going from the base of the hills at Chapada Diamantina National Park" – a nature reserve in eastern Brazil. According to him, the creatures have "mixed" their DNA with that of the local population, thus explaining their "trippy" behaviour.
Although many mistake hot-air balloons and a variety of natural phenomena for flying saucers, plenty of credible witnesses have claimed to have spotted UFOs recently, like American fighter pilots, for example, who report having seen strange objects during their missions. A few months ago, Navy officials confirmed that these sightings were in fact unexplainable.
Capilla Del Monte is emblematic of the excitement surrounding UFO stories. The morning I get to the town, a local news site is reporting on a complaint filed by a panicked resident whose husband had disappeared for a few days. After returning, her husband claimed to have been abducted by aliens and subjected to "horrible things".
AN ALIEN MONUMENT IN CAPILLA DEL MONTE.
PHOTO BY MARC BONOMELLI
The town became famous on the 9th of January, 1986, when three locals – including a child – claimed to have seen a huge round ship with windows land next to a local mountain, charring a 12-metre-long and 64-metre-wide mark in the grass. Since then, more and more people say they have seen strange things in the area, like luminous spheres flying in formations, saucers, humanoid beings and light spectres.
The town quickly figured out how to turn a profit from the attention, capitalising on UFO tourism with a yearly Alien Festival, extraterrestrial shops and bookstores, as well as tourist agencies offering UFO tours. An observation centre was also established here 21 years ago, and locals claim that NASA has a base close by, but I wasn't able to verify that.
MOUNT URITORCO, WHERE THE GALACTIC BASE IS SAID TO BE HIDDEN UNDERGROUND.
MARIELA ATIA/AFP
"In Capilla Del Monte," explains Claudio, a mountain guide, "you have the skeptics and you have the mystics. The skeptics have to see before they believe, and the mystics have to believe before they see." Claudio seems to fall somewhere between the two camps.
He tells me the mystics believe that ERKS, this mysterious subterranean city – or rather, a sort of galactic base – is located hundreds or even thousands of metres under the mountains of Uritorco, Los Terrones and El Pajarillo. There, apparently, reside aliens from another dimension – or even from the future, according to some – on a mission to teach humankind what they know. The mountains above it are said to act as "energy portals", opening the veil between the two worlds and letting through positive vibrations, supposedly attracting mediums, shamans and healers to the area.
According to Claudio, these sites have been sacred since time immemorial, particularly to the Comechingones Indians, an indigenous group who lived here before the arrival of the conquistadores. "Legend has it that the surviving Comechingones escaped into the mountains and sacrificed themselves, because they disappeared without a trace. But many believe they went to the alien city using secret tunnels," Claudio tells me.
A MEETING OF THE "COMMUNITY OF LIGHT" IN CORDOBA.
PHOTO: FRATERNITADE.
In a shop filled with mystical objects, I zero in on a book by a guy named Ariel Pro, titled The Five Cosmic Exercises of the ERKS. The author describes himself as a "mystical cosmic guide" who received a long esoteric education – energetic, religious and spiritual – in Spain. He was then summoned by the Guides of ERKS, he says, who he describes as "wise beings from ancient earthly civilisations, who possess ancestral knowledge". Their mission? "To herald and prepare an alliance between the universe and humankind."
Ariel doesn't reply to my interview request. Instead, I end up having lunch with Raul, who was also once "summoned" by the beings. Raul is a professional mountain guide – a family man with a peaceful vibe, who doesn't want me to take a picture of him next to the statue of an alien sitting on a bench.
"It’s because of those kinds of images that people don't take us seriously," he explains. Raul believes ERKS is one of the most important epicentres for awakening one's conscience. He even sees the area as a potential Noah's Ark that will serve as a refuge after the cataclysms that will mark the end times.
Ana Maria, a psychology graduate I meet, enlightens me more about the aliens. "The dimension they inhabit is more subtle than the physical world," she explains. "But thanks to their technology, they can change their frequency and make themselves invisible, which explains how their ships appear and disappear in the blink of an eye."
While it's possible to see ERKS' inhabitants with the naked eye, explain the locals, they reveal themselves to us mostly through our intuitive senses. This makes it very difficult to distinguish between imagination and reality – but this distinction doesn't seem to matter much to those who believe.
Remarkable fossils capture mammals’ recovery after the dino-killing asteroid
Remarkable fossils capture mammals’ recovery after the dino-killing asteroid
Survivors grew from the size of a rat to that of a wolf within 700,000 years of the impact
Scientists have found 40 mammal skulls (a selection shown) so far at Corral Bluffs, a fossil site in Colorado that’s helping reveal how mammals thrived after an asteroid strike 66 million years ago.
Understanding how life rebounded after an asteroid strike 66 million years ago, which wiped out up to 75 percent of Earth’s species and ended the dinosaurs’ reign, has been hard. Fossils from the immediate aftermath are exceedingly rare (SN: 4/2/19). Now, though, a fossil-rich deposit in Colorado’s Denver Basin is offering paleontologists a window into how mammals, plants and reptiles recovered and flourished following the impact.
The find has allowed the scientists to piece together a detailed timeline of how mammals quickly diversified and grew in size once nonavian dinosaurs were out of the way. Within 700,000 years after the impact, for instance, some mammals had grown to be 100 times as heavy as the original survivors, researchers report online October 24 in Science.
“This is one of those discoveries all paleontologists dream of,” says Steve Brusatte, a paleontologist at the University of Edinburgh who was not involved in the research. “With a snap of a finger, mammals took over from the dinosaurs. More than 150 million years of dinosaur dominance was ended, just like that, and our ancestors took over.”
Corral Bluffs, near Colorado Springs, has a remarkably rich fossil site covering 27 square kilometers.HHMI TANGLED BANK STUDIOS
The Corral Bluffs site in the Denver Basin is the only known locality in the world to have numerous fossils of animals and plants representing a whole series of time slices in the 1 million years following the Cretaceous–Paleogene, or K–Pg, extinction.
Over the last three years, a team led by researchers at the Denver Museum of Nature and Science has uncovered more than 7,000 fossils there. These include 233 kinds of plants and 16 species of mammals — among which are the earliest known mammals to reach relatively large sizes as they evolved and filled ecological roles previously occupied by dinosaurs (SN: 1/25/17).
Despite a century of searching, the site had previously yielded few fossils — until paleontologist Tyler Lyson realized in 2016 that bones were preserved inside nodules of rock called concretions, rather than visible among the surface rocks.
That eureka moment allowed his team to “crack the code” of discovery there, Lyson says. “That was the real game-changing moment when I broke open the first concretion and saw a mammal skull staring back at me.”
By comparing plant and animal fossils with data on precise dates, the researchers have puzzled together the story of what happened at Corral Bluffs 65 million to 66 million years ago. Following the global devastation wrought by the asteroid impact, ferns and palms dominated, but were slowly replaced by forests with a much greater diversity of trees.
Mammals took a little while to recover, but then swiftly diversified into a variety of forms and body sizes. The biggest initial survivors of the impact weighed just 500 grams, about the size of a rat. But in layers of rock dated to just 100,000 years later, raccoon-sized mammals weighing up to six kilograms appear, Lyson says, not too far off from the maximum size mammals had reached before the mass extinction.
By 300,000 years after the asteroid impact, mammals such as omnivorous, raccoon-sized Loxolophus (illustrated) foraged for food in palm-dominated forests.µHHMI TANGLED BANK STUDIOS
A lack of large predators in the post-impact world — as well as an explosion in plant diversity, offering a wider variety of better food sources — may be what allowed some mammals to reach 25 to 30 kilograms, such as beaver-sized Carsioptychus, by 300,000 years after the impact.
By 700,000 years in the same rocks that the earliest known members of the legume, or bean, family of plants are found, mammals of nearly 50 kilograms appear, such as wolf-sized Eoconodon.
Aside from the sheer number of fossils and different time slices revealed at Corral Bluffs, it was the number of mammal skulls — at least 40 so far, Lyson says — that astounded Brusatte. Skulls are usually very rare and mammals from around this time are typically “known just from teeth, and maybe a few bones here and there,” he says.
Brusatte is working on a site in New Mexico that is one of very few others with similarly aged vertebrate fossils. Though those fossils are less complete, they also point to a rapid recovery and diversification of mammals after the impact. “Different areas are giving the same signal; that tells us that it’s probably true,” he says.
While many mammals before the impact were from long-extinct subgroups, placental mammals, the young of which develop in a womb, came to dominate afterward, making up 95 percent of the roughly 6,500 mammal species alive today. “This is the best record to my knowledge on Earth that shows the recovery of terrestrial biotas after the K–Pg extinction,” says Jin Meng, a paleontologist and expert on dinosaur-era mammals at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. “The study shows at least part of the earliest record, part of the trunk, of the placental mammal tree of life.”
Rules guarding other planets from contamination may be too strict
Rules guarding other planets from contamination may be too strict
As more missions target the moon, Mars and other places, scientists want to update guidelines
Given what we know now about solar system bodies like the moon and Mars, future space missions may not need to abide by the same, strict planetary protection guidelines currently used, scientists say.
Some policies for protecting the moon, Mars and other places in the solar system from contamination by visiting missions may be too strict.
That’s the conclusion of a 12-expert panel commissioned by NASA to review voluntary international guidelines for keeping space missions from polluting other worlds with earthly life, and vice versa. These guidelines are recommendations from the international scientific organization COSPAR, which for decades has set and revised policies for spacefaring nations (SN: 1/10/18).
With NASA sending a sample-collection mission to Mars next year (SN: 11/19/18), and other government agencies and private companies also preparing for trips to the moon (SN: 11/11/18), planetary protection guidelines “are in urgent need of updating,” said Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate, in a teleconference coinciding with the review’s October 18 release. “We want to respect the integrity of the places we go and protect our home planet” from any contaminants that might be brought back, he says. But the report found that current rules could make future missions unnecessarily complex or expensive.
For instance, current guidelines treat the whole moon as a potentially interesting site to investigate the origins of life. That means every landing mission is supposed to submit documentation to COSPAR detailing where it went and what it did. But apart from a few regions, such the lunar south pole which may have water ice reservoirs (SN: 7/22/19), the moon holds little interest for investigating the chemical evolution of life, said panel chair and planetary scientist Alan Stern of the Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colo., during the teleconference. So many places may not need protection.
At least one astrobiologist cautioned, however, against relaxing current guidelines too much. Spacecraft landing in areas deemed sterile could still contaminate areas that are potentially interesting for astrobiology, says John Rummel of the SETI Institute in Mountain View, Calif. If a lunar probe crashes on the moon’s surface, “you end up with material that’s taken into the lunar atmosphere and deposited in the cold traps at the south and north anyway,” he says. “You don’t even have to land at the south pole to affect [it].”
It might be time to rethink the rules on how clean spacecraft need to be to visit Mars (pictured), as well as how dangerous Red Planet rocks brought back home would really be, according to a new NASA report.CORNELL UNIV., JPL-NASA
In its report, the review panel also recommended reassessing contamination risks across Mars. Missions to the Red Planet have been designed to meet rigorous sterilization standards that often involve exposing spacecraft components to heat, chemicals or harsh radiation. But experiments have suggested that Earth microbes probably would struggle to survive and spread on many parts of Mars. So such deep cleaning may not be needed, according to the report.
The report suggests that specific areas of Mars should be identified as high-priority zones for seeking past or present life. Other areas could be designated as human exploration zones, where microbes brought by astronauts wouldn’t pose such a problem. “While some places on Mars have high interest for understanding the potential for past life on Mars, or even prebiotic development of life … not all places on Mars have that potential,” Stern said.
Rummel, of the SETI Institute, takes a more conservative view. “There are undoubtedly places on Mars where Earth microbes aren’t going to grow,” he says. The rub is understanding Mars in enough detail to know where those spots are with total confidence. “We don’t know enough about Mars, in my opinion, [to categorize] most of it.”
Beyond reevaluating the risks of contaminating the Martian surface, the NASA report also considers rules for bringing samples back to Earth. Current guidelines stipulate that Red Planet rocks should be sterilized or to undergo biohazard testing before they can be handed out for analysis. Such precautions “lack a fully rational basis,” considering how much Martian material has landed already on Earth, the report says. “Earth and Mars have been exchanging meteorites for billions of years with absolutely no planetary protection,” Stern pointed out.
NASA now will consider the report in updating its own standards of practice for planetary protection, but the process for incorporating these suggestions into COSPAR’s guidelines “is not well-defined,” the report says.
Physicists have pondered how the cold, uniform matter of the inflationary early universe became the ultrahot, complex mixture of matter, space and time that led to the universe we know. New work simulates a bridge between cosmic inflation and … everything else.
According to Big Bang theory, our universe began as a singularity – a point of seemingly infinite density containing all the mass and spacetime of the universe – then inflated over the next 13.8 billion years to the cosmos that we know today.
Because light travels at a finite speed, looking out into space lets us look back in time. But – as yet – astronomers have not been able to peer back far enough to witness the birth of the universe. For that reason, what we understand about the universe’s birth comes from theoretical physicists and astrophysicists, who rely on mathematical formulas and computer models. Late last week (October 24, 2019), physicists at MIT announced that they’ve worked with others around the globe to simulate a critical “reheating” period that kickstarted the Big Bang in the universe’s first fractions of a second. This new work helps explain what has been a mystery in cosmology: how cold, uniform matter in the brief period of inflation – a period lasting less than a trillionth of a second in the early universe – transformed to become the ultrahot, complex soup that led to the universe as we know it.
In an fascinating piece for the MIT News Office, Jennifer Chu explained:
As the Big Bang theory goes, somewhere around 13.8 billion years ago the universe exploded into being, as an infinitely small, compact fireball of matter that cooled as it expanded, triggering reactions that cooked up the first stars and galaxies, and all the forms of matter that we see (and are) today.
Just before the Big Bang launched the universe onto its ever-expanding course, physicists believe, there was another, more explosive phase of the early universe at play: cosmic inflation, which lasted less than a trillionth of a second. During this period, matter — a cold, homogeneous goop — inflated exponentially quickly before processes of the Big Bang took over to more slowly expand and diversify the infant universe.
Recent observations have independently supported theories for both the Big Bang and cosmic inflation. But the two processes are so radically different from each other that scientists have struggled to conceive of how one followed the other.
Now physicists at MIT, Kenyon College, and elsewhere have simulated in detail an intermediary phase of the early universe that may have bridged cosmic inflation with the Big Bang. This phase, known as ‘reheating,’ occurred at the end of cosmic inflation and involved processes that wrestled inflation’s cold, uniform matter into the ultrahot, complex soup that was in place at the start of the Big Bang.
Physicist and science historian David Kaiser of MIT is a co-author on the new paper, which was published October 25, 2019, in the peer-reviewed journal Physical Review Letters. He commented in Chu’s article:
The postinflation reheating period sets up the conditions for the Big Bang, and in some sense puts the ‘bang’ in the Big Bang.
It’s this bridge period where all hell breaks loose and matter behaves in anything but a simple way.
Alan Guth first proposed and developed cosmic inflation as a theory in 1979. The theory was needed to resolve outstanding mysteries in cosmology. For example, there was the horizon problem. As shown in this image, these photons could not have communicated with each other unless inflation took place in the very early universe.
According to Chu, Kaiser and his colleagues used the tools of physics, mathematics and computers to simulate in detail how multiple forms of matter would have interacted at the end of the very brief period of inflation:
Their simulations show that the extreme energy that drove inflation could have been redistributed just as quickly, within an even smaller fraction of a second, and in a way that produced conditions that would have been required for the start of the Big Bang.
The team found this extreme transformation would have been even faster and more efficient if quantum effects modified the way that matter responded to gravity at very high energies. Quantum mechanics is the branch of physics that deals with the very small, that is, with the motion and interaction of subatomic particles, which are the basic consituents of all matter. Einstein’s theory of general relativity, meanwhile, predicts matter and gravity should interact; modern Big Bang Theory is highly dependent on it. It was this blending of Einstein’s theory with quantum mechanics that led to the new work’s conclusion: that a critical “reheating” period at the end of the period of inflation helped transform cold, uniform matter into an ultrahot, complex medium that led to star-filled galaxies, and everything else, we know today.
Kaiser commented:
This enables us to tell an unbroken story, from inflation to the postinflation period, to the Big Bang and beyond. We can trace a continuous set of processes, all with known physics, to say this is one plausible way in which the universe came to look the way we see it today.
Bottom line: Physicists have pondered how the cold, uniform matter of the inflationary early universe became the ultrahot, complex mixture of matter, space and time that led to the universe we know. New work simulates a bridge between cosmic inflation and … everything else.
English Woman Jessie Roestenberg Describes Her Close Encounter On Oct. 21st 1954
English Woman Jessie Roestenberg Describes Her Close Encounter On Oct. 21st 1954
Old UFO cases – Jessie Roestenberg experienced a flying saucer close encounter in Staffordshire – West Midlands, England in October 1954.
On October 21st,1954 in West Midlands, England, Jessie Rosenberg, then aged 29 and her two children, witnessed a object flying overhead then hovering over her house. She described the event as "Two Blondes" in a "Mexican-Hat" like craft. They also saw two humanoid figures with blond hair staring down at them. This video was banned from airing on TV in the UK starting in the late 60's No sorce for this video it was an English Documentry from the late 60's but this is a good collection of info about the sighting and Jessie Rosenberg
Staffordshire, UK Flying Saucer Close Encounter
Video from Arthur C. Clarke`s Mysterious World – Discovery Channel, Norwegian Text
UFO England documentary movie – Out Of This World; Staffordshire 1954
English Woman Describes Her Close Encounter On Oct. 21st 1954
UFO Encounter by English Woman in Staffordshire, England - FindingUFO
Photo composite image above rendered by Robert D. Morningstar showing the shape and relative size of the UFO as it passed by in flight. The Date was June 1st, 2019. The Time was 4:10 p.m and the weather was clear with 7-10 mile visibility.
I am the Editor/Co-Publisher of UFO Digest and I’m writing to share with you a very special event that happened in New York City on June 1st, 2019. On that afternoon, my friend and I had a close UFO encounter of the 1st kind while waiting for our Tai Chi class to start on the South Plaza of the Soldiers & Sailors Monument in the borough of Manhattan, New York City.
I was sitting by the flagpole on the South Plaza if The Monument with my friend when my attention was drawn to the sky by the roaring sound of a low flying jet on its way to La Guardia when I suddenly saw a large round object rising from behind a large tree ….
climbing slowly at first to rise above a nearby building. When it had risen about 100-10 feet above the building, the UFO began to fly horizontally and crossed beneath the airliner’s flight path.
I picked up the UFO object visually with my peripheral vision as I was watching the airliner on it way to LaGuardia Airport. I saw the UFO rise slowly, and almost vertically after appearing from behind a large tree, and making me think: “Dang! That’s the biggest balloon I’ve ever seen in New York City!”
The object rose up above the the 15 story building rising another 100 feet r so above it, passing by us travelling north at about 250 to 300 feet AGL, and I estimate the size to have been about 50-60 feet in diameter and sporting a typical Flying Saucer shape. or, as they use to say in the 1950s, it looked like a “flying pancake.”
As the UFO cleared the building, it rolled slowly and much to my amazement, it changed shape from spherical to a lenticular or “pancake” shaped disk.
Photo composite (facsimile) UFO image above rendered by Robert D. Morningstar
During its slow roll (as it flipped over) for horizontal flight. For a moment, there was a strange glimmer, an aura of shimmering light surrounding it during its transformation. The UFO flew by at a relatively slow speed for UFOs, giving me time to take in details of the craft and relative position to local landmarks. I estimated its speed to be about 120 mph, or the speed of small plane like a Cessna 172 Skyhawk or Piper Warrior. As it flew toward the west and after making a wide turn around The Soldiers & Sailors Monument, it flew off heading west, oscillating right and left as it flew on a straight course over Manhattan, against the wind and crossing the Hudson River at about 500 feet above the water to disappear into low clouds over Ne Jersey and heading toward Teterboro Airport, New Jersey.
By comparison with the airliner’s speed (approximately 250 mph in the LaGuardia ATC control zone), I estimate that the UFO’s speed was travelling about half that speed, 120-125 mph. i.e., at the speed of a small plane,
I’ve often heard that UFOs, when flying at slow speeds, tend to wobble or oscillate like falling leaves at times. This UFO presented such characteristics exactly. This UFO had a regular period of oscillation, alternating one side up and the other side down, vice versa throughout its straight line flight. This characteristic provided a perfect view (during its transitioning from one side to the other) to see the roundness of the body of entire disk turning into a planar convex lens form then back to round disk.
The wavering motion also permitted me to see both top and lower surfaces of the craft several times.
It was a beautiful sight to see as well as puzzling (for a pilot) trying to understand propulsion and control elements of a “Flying Pancake.”
The UFO’s Point of View
Editor’s Note:
Click the link below to see the Flying Saucer’s point of view as it flow by my position sitting by the flagpole on the South Plaza of The monument, This window opens precisely over the point where I first saw the craft rising above the trees seen on West 89th Street.
This UFO event marked the 7th time that we (one or more Tai Chi students & I) have had UFO flybys and seen close UFO approaches at this site known officially as the Soldier & Sailors Monument, a Civil War monument, which is …
“Dedicated to the Soldiers & Sailors Who FoughtTo Preserve The Union.”
Since 2007, 6 people in our study group, including me, have seen a total of 7 UFOs pass by The Monument as we were practicing Tai Chi Ch’uan.
In April 2007, one large UFO made a slow approach toward our group as we watched it, at first hovering over 97th & West End Avenue.
The silver topped and copper bottomed UFO appeared to come down West End very slowly just above the buildings on West End Avenue, advancing slowly till it stopped dead still and hovered (as if observing us) just 50 feet above the building adjacent to the North Porch of the Monument at 90th Street. It stayed there about 1-2 minutes, then it slowly disappeared behind the building heading East. The entire episode lasted about 5 minutes.
Another spectacular UFO event event occurred when a solo Tai Chi student and I were practicing Tai Chi in late August 2011. I use the word “spectacular” because the display that we saw was a spectacle of UFO activities, a large star-like UFO suddenly appeared in the West. the sudden appearance and the sight of it that made me experience cognitive dissonance for a moment as I paused, first, to consider whether or not it really was “a bright star” (but then I asked myself: “A Star? Visible at 11 a.m. in the morning?). However, it was not that easy to explain or to dismiss what our eyes were seeing.
At first my rational mind was baffled and tried to explain it away logically as a star or “The Planet Venus”… But again, my mind objected saying: “What? At 11 o’clock in the morning and in the West?” That theory was soon forsaken when Claudia, my Tai Chi partner, and I observed intense UFO activities taking place around “the star” hovering over New Jersey about 7 to 10 miles away.
Multifarious spots of light (scout ships) began darting hither and thither in all directions. Some UFOs zoomed off to the North others to the South, and some went off to the far West of New Jersey disappearing in the distance and then zooming back to the “star ship.”
Their activities were so quick and so intense that I had to coin a new name for this type of UFO and dubbed it “A Hive UFO” because the activities around the main craft reminded me of a beehive or a hornets nest, hence, (Bee) Hive UFO. The date was August 24th, 2011 and Hurricane Irene struck New York & New Jersey the very next day.
I’m reminding readers of all this because I have been part of the US Navy UFO Disclosure Initiative for many decades, starting in 1969 when I was studying psychology at Fordham University. This US Navy Initiative has been part of a secret war between the US Naval Intelligence against the Deep State and the people who assassinated JFK, who had been a member of the Office of Naval Intelligence since WW II.
In 2008, as co-editor with Dirk vander Ploeg of UFO Digest, I was invited by a representative of the Pentagon and the US Navy to become part of a UFO Disclosure Initiative team effort that the “US Navy brass” spurred by trying to achieve a limited UFO Disclosure through the auspices of the United Nations. The original USN UFO Disclosure Team was comprised of Clay and Shawn Pickering, Richard Theilman, and me. Clay, Shawn and I handled news and publication while Theilman acted as liaison with the US Navy, the Pentagon, and an ad hoc UFO Disclosure committee formed secretly inside the United Nations with the goal of effecting UFO Disclosure through the United Nations General Assembly.
That initiative was thwarted by the Deep State’s stooges within the UFO community who took it upon themselves to be”gate keepers” of UFO secrecy and acted as counter-disclosure operatives within the UFO community. However, although our attempt was stalled before completion, the mass media’s silence and cover-up had been broken. Most importantly, major news companies most notably, CNN’s Larry King LIVE (and later Fox News) began to cover the UFO topic seriously with less and less skepticism and derision shown toward witnesses and investigators over the next few years. Today, after the exposure of the ATTIP, and with the public testimony of several US Navy aviators who gave chase to the Tic Tac USOs, it is a “Given” that UFOs are Real.
The important inroads that we made then (2008-2010) continued to branch out throughout TV, movies and mass media, and finally succeeded in a breakthrough on December 16, 2017 with the US Navy/Pentagon revelation of UFO Reality through the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP) stating UFOs exist, UFOs are REAL, and as Cdr. David Fravor plainly stated, the unidentified craft that he chased, quote, “…were not of this world.”
There will soon be another big national event related to UFOs and it is important to be ready for a major paradigm shift. mentally, emotionally and psychologically.
NYC UFO UPDATE
October 13th, 2019
A video of a UFO that appears to be identical to the one seen by this UFO investigator on June 1st, 20a9 (as described above) was recorded on adrier’s dash cam as he crossed the Verrazano Narrows Bridge on March 13th, 2013.
My friend and colleague, Carol Rosin, who worked directly under Werner Von Braun in NASA during the 1970s & 80s, was forewarned by Dr. Von Braun that The Deep State was planning to stage an “alien invasion” as a false flag event to create a national crisis in order to declare and implement Martial Law across the country and later by extension to the world. Carol Rosin warns us not to be fooled or frightened into believing in a government staged “alien Invasion” or to permit the militarization of outer space with nuclear weapons or new Tesla technologies now being developed and implemented.
Many people will have difficulty dealing with such a prospect; those who are psychology prepared will be more adaptable to a new and perhaps shocking global UFO paradigm.
CBS captures UFOs over New York City October 13th, 2012
Manhattan Reported More UFO Sightings Than Any Other Borough
Most notably, regarding the UFO flyover of June 1st, 2019, this event marked the 7th time since 2007 that we, my Tai Chi classmates and I, have had UFOs make low and slow approaches and flybys during our Tai Chi classes, and all of them on or near the Soldiers & Sailors Monument.
Four (4) of these UFO events occurred at the beginning of morning Tai Chi classes circa 11 a.m. in 2007. On Labor Day weekend 2007, specifically, Saturday September 1st, a a couple of minutes after 11 a.m., my student “Z” and observed 2 spherical (White Pearl) UFOs, identical to those captured in the CBS News video linked below, approached the Monument at slow speed from the North at an estimated speed of 25 mph, which was determined by comparing its speed to local NYC traffic on the Henry Hudson Parkway, over which it flew and which averages 50 mph. On eUFO flew within 100 feet of us and then climbed out to meet up with another identical UFO that remained stationary over the Hudson River at an altitude of approximately 800 to 1o00. The 2 UFOs met up, separated and remaining in the same positions (about 20 feet apart) for about 15 seconds. Then they climbed higher at a 45 degree angle to the horizon at slow speed and continuing toward a low hanging cloud (at about 4000 fee AGL) which they reached in about 5-6 seconds. The UFos flew into the cloud disappearing as they merged with the cloud, becoming “white on white.”
On September 19th, 2009, while doing some astronly and viewing the Moon through a telescope, 2 of us had a night sighting of a UFO that appeared to be chased by a very low-flying NYPD helicopter. This incident involved telepathic contact with the UFO (if not its “operator”) and will be detailed in a separate report.
A numerologically significant UFO flyby occurred around 11 a.m. on January 1st, 2011 -> (1/1/11)!
A spectacular UFO event occurred on Friday August 26th 2011 at 11 a.m. when a “Hive UFO” was seen operating over New Jersey in the region of Teterboro Airport. I dubbed it a “Hive UFO” because of the aerial activity of small and brilliant spherical UFOs that I determined to be UFO scouting ships (or drones) being deployed from the “HIVE SHIP” that was to be seen surrounding, darting to and from, a brilliant object which appeared suddenly.
When I first saw the object, I was surprised by its brilliance, luminosity and position in the sky well above he horizon so early in the morning and directly opposite the Sun.
As the Sun was behind us, my mind sought for a “natural explanation,” and so I first considered the possibility that the brilliant light could be the Planet Venus, but that theory was soon dismissed when we saw what appeared to be frantic aerial activity in our atmosphere around the object.
As the large “Mothership UFO” on the other side of the Hudson River somewhere over Passaic or Garfield, NJ remained perfectly still, holding a steady altitude and position at a distance I estimated to be 7-10 miles, a large number of smaller, but equalling luminous, points of light (which Iahad I had seen before in 2007) and which I call “scout ships” were shooting off in many directions over New Jersey from the South to the North and far out to the West (but, oddly, not to the East, in our direction).
At times the scout craft moved so fast aht it looked like sparking forme the Hive UFO. I recall thinking that the UFO scout ships and the motions reminded me of a cross between fireflies and bees or hornets angling about around their hive, hence the name I gave it, namely, The Hive UFO.
Finally, I must mention that the day was partly cloudy and the idea of “cloud seeding activities” occurred to me as a possible explanation for the frantic actions of the Hive UFO. On the following day, August 27th, 2011, Hurricane Irene struck the New York New Jersey area with a vengeance.
On June 24th, the event of June fist was reported to the Operations Branch at Teterboro, which was followed by an initial report to the Office of Naval Intelligence via their website
An ongoing investigation continues, stay tuned for Part 2.
If we are to seriously entertain the idea some UFOs are actual spacecraft travelling from unknown and far away locations in the physical universe to earth, then we need to examine the physical universe we live in. The physical universe is wondrous, complex and finely tuned. It is so vast; the size of the universe is not known. We do know the universe is unimaginably huge. At the time of this writing, scientists estimate that in this universe there are at least 100 billion galaxies, and on the average, there are about 100 billion stars in each galaxy.
So, we can do the math. If we assume each star has just three planets, the sheer number of planets cannot be fully grasped by the human mind. For those who suggest some UFOs travel to earth from some far away planet, they claim there so many planets in the physical universe it is highly likely some of those planets harbor intelligent life that is suitable for space travel and has the capability to quickly travel vast distances.
First, we do not know how many planets there are, but there are many other important factors. Second, the more astronomers and other related scientists study our universe they acknowledge that it appears that Earth in perhaps is a unique planet after all. For now, there is no evidence that life outside of earth exists. There is no actual proof other planets can harbor or produce life of any kind. We are not talking about microscopic organisms, but rather sentient life so advanced the beings could and would produce technology that can take them outside their solar system and know where to go once they left their solar system.
For sake of discussion, if a UFO departed a planet many light years away (light travels 186,000 miles per second) from earth, the distances would simply be too vast. The nearest star to our sun is a small, red dwarf, low-mass star called Proxima Centauri, which is more than four light years away. That means if a space ship travelled 186,000 miles per second, it would need more than four years to reach our solar system. For a UFO travelling the speed of light, it would need approximately 100,000 years to travel from one end of our galaxy to the other end, and then it would need 2.5 million years to travel to the next nearest galaxy. The numbers simply do not add up for space ships travelling from one solar system to another.
Those who believe UFOs are physical craft from other planets believe the UFOs travel much faster than the speed of light. There is no evidence this is even possible. Physical objects travelling faster than the speed of light would completely discredit Einstein’s theory of relativity. Some argue there is natural phenomena such as a wormhole that bends space and time. This is fanciful conjecture with no evidence for support.
Regardless of how vast the physical universe is, God is given credit for creating it (John 1:3). Isaiah 40:26 says, “lift up your eyes on high, and behold who hath created these things, that bringeth out their host by number: he calleth them all by names by the greatness of his might, for he is strong in power; not one faileth.” Nehemiah 9:6 says God made the starry host. In Deuteronomy 10:14 we read where God created the highest heavens. In Genesis 2:1 we read where God created the heavens, and it is the physical universe that declares the Glory of God (Psalms 19:1). So, regardless of the size of the universe and what exists in it, God is the creator and sustainer of this wondrous physical realm. While focusing on the creation, we are not to lose focus on its Creator.
UFO enthusiasts in general reject the Biblical account of creation and accept atheistic evolution. In other words, life regardless of its complexity is ultimately nothing more than a product of time, energy and random events. For them there is no personal God. Some will accept the notion God may have populated many planets with people.
Examining the UFO phenomenon
Credible witnesses, for the most part, report thousands of UFOs, Unidentified Flying Objects, in the U.S. each year. For most adults, they are either convinced the UFO phenomenon means physical beings from other planets have traveled to earth in physical space ships for reasons not understood, or they consider the phenomenon to be a result of misidentification, hallucinations, mass hysteria, attention seekers, perpetrator or victim of a hoax, etc.
TV shows such as “Star Trek,” “Star Gate,” “The X-Files” and others, as well as many science fiction cartoons, are based on the idea there are other planets where intelligent life lives and some of these beings travel from their planets to earth. Our society has embraced the Hollywood idea of what UFOs are or could be. The UFO phenomenon is imbedded in our culture, and men and women of all ages in all 50 states report sightings. Christians as well as non-Christians have professed to have seen UFOs. People from all ethnic, cultural, and social backgrounds have reported observing UFOs. According to a survey conducted by National Geographic in 2012, 36% of U.S. adult Americans believe UFOs are real. This percentage has gradually increased over the past few years.
Even so, the Bible and available evidence demonstrates the atheistic view is simply not adequate to address this complex issue satisfactorily. It is most unfortunate that many people, especially in western civilization in general, do not grasp the seriousness and significance of this phenomenon. The modern UFO phenomenon is a Christian issue; therefore, the Christian perspective should be compatible with God’s revelation contained in the Bible. If there is anything about the UFO phenomenon contrary to or not compatible with the Bible, then all Christians should be concerned.
It is important for Christians to possess a basic understanding of what this phenomenon is and is not. For many Christians, the claim that the UFO phenomenon is a Christian issue may be considered extraordinary, and is at least controversial for many Christians and non-Christians alike. When one carefully examines the UFO phenomenon and uses the Bible, it is clear why Christians need to take this phenomenon very seriously. An important factor to consider is that about 96% of all UFO sightings reported can be explained without the need to entertain the idea that non-human beings from other planets are somehow involved.
For every 1,000 UFO sightings reported, about 960 are really Identified Flying Objects (IFOs). Most of these 96% involves:
Misidentification of man-made phenomenon that is unfamiliar to the observer
Misidentification of man-made phenomenon that is familiar to the observer but is seen in unusual circumstances
Misidentified natural phenomena that the observer is familiar with but is seen in unusual circumstances
Misidentified natural phenomena that the observer is unfamiliar with and is seen in usual or unusual circumstances
Hallucinations
Hoaxes (victim or perpetrator)
Observer’s medical or physical condition caused misidentifying phenomenon observed poor vision, extreme physical or mental stress, etc.
These seven categories explain a high percentage of the UFO reported sightings. Since the above addresses about 96% of all UFO reported sightings, what about the other 4%? It is this 4% that compels us to conclude UFO phenomenon as real; that it does involve intelligent beings that did not originate on earth, and they have a keen interest in the affairs of humanity. It is this 4% that involves, UFO occupants, alien contact and abductions. It is this 4% that we, as Christians, must take seriously. According to the entertainment industry and mainstream media, if UFOs are real, then this means there are advanced, intelligent beings from other planets using complex technology so they can travel to our planet. The Bible simply does not support such a view.
The three basic views regarding the UFO phenomenon
The UFO phenomenon is simply much ado about nothing. In other words, whatever the UFO phenomenon is, it does not and cannot have a serious or significant impact on humanity. Those who hold this view reject the idea earth is being visited by aliens from outer space and reject the idea the UFO phenomenon is somehow connected with demonic entities.
The UFO phenomenon involves advanced intelligent beings that did not originate on earth, and some travel vast distances to earth via advanced technology for reasons not fully understood.
The UFO phenomenon involves non-human beings that are not advanced beings from other planets, and these beings normally reside in the non-physical or spiritual realm. Their reasons for this deception is to interfere with the plans of God.
To accept view #1, one must reject available evidence and reject the view that demons can masquerade and pretend to be aliens from other planets. There are many UFO reports submitted by credible witnesses that simply should not be rejected merely because of the high strangeness level. Many competent UFO investigators have concluded that some people’s UFO experiences are real; therefore, the UFO phenomenon is significant.
To accept view #2, one must reject the idea demons can masquerade as aliens from other planets. One must also discard the fact that no alien has ever been found nor has presented itself on earth for examination. He also has to acknowledge that no extra-terrestrial built space craft has ever been located.
To accept view #3, one must acknowledge the Bible is God’s revelation to humanity. One must also acknowledge that fallen angels or demons have the power and desire to lie and deceive humanity with a variety of devices and snares.
What if God created other advanced beings, which do live on other planets. This question is often asked, so how does a Christian provide a response that is rational and consistent with the Bible? We know from the Scriptures God created the physical realm. The physical realm exists because of God. Could God have created other beings on other planets? From a human perspective, God is able to create and populate other planets with physical beings similar or different from humans. The Bible does not confirm or directly indicate that God did so. In fact, the Bible is silent on this issue.
The focus of the physical universe seems to be on humanity. When Lucifer rebelled against God, he was cast out of heaven, and Lucifer went to earth. Why did Lucifer go to earth? Why not some other planet? Jesus never spoke about this topic, and there is nothing in the Scriptures in reference to future events that evenly slightly hint that one day humans will interact with people from other planets. The Bible in no way suggests or in any way validates the claim God populated other planets with created beings similar to humans.
For the mere sake of argument, let us assume there are physical, intelligent beings living on other planets. There are still too many valid reasons why they would never travel to earth.
These reasons are:
They are not technologically advanced enough. Humans are technologically advanced but still cannot send humans to our nearest planet Mars. There are no humans living on the earth’s moon, which is only 240,000 miles away.
They have no desire to come to earth. Even if they were advanced and possessed space travelling technology, they may have no desire to leave their solar system. One theory is truly advanced beings have lost the urge to be explorers. They have outgrown this desire to explore other planets and instead focus their attention on other, more meaningful pursuits.
They are fearful of leaving their solar system. If they do exist, they could be afraid if they made themselves known to other beings from another planet. They may avoid risking an attack or possible exposure to a harmful disease. These beings may have valid reasons for not wanting to be known.
They do not know other intelligent beings exist. There are some galaxies where the stars are so numerous; they would have no way in knowing if another galaxy existed. They would not be able to see past the starlight produced in their own galaxy. They would be limited to visiting solar systems in their own galaxy.
They do not know the location of earth. Just because they may believe there are other inhabited planets they could visit, how would they know about earth? If they were hundreds or thousands of light years away, how could they know about our planet? They would have no way of knowing earth even existed.
There could be other reasons, but even if one concedes to the possibility there may be advanced life on other planets, there is no compelling reason to think they can leave their planet. Even if they could, would they be willing to commit valuable resources to seek out an unknown planet with known and unknown risks involved? For now, there is no proof aliens from other planets have ever made contact with us or has visited our solar system.
While Christians reject the false and dangerous notions that the physical universe began to exist without a cause; that non-life produced life, that non-intelligence produced intelligence and that non- consciousness produced consciousness, we still have no evidence to suggest there are people living on other planets. The physical universe declares the glory of God, and it may not be a theological stretch to suggest the wondrous and majestic universe in some way could remind us of how the spiritual realm may even be more wondrous and majestic.
The UFO Phenomenon is Real
Thousands of credible witnesses do observe UFOs and beings they claim to be from other planets. They have seen what appears to be actual physical objects that are in the air or on the ground that are not made by human hands. There are, on occasion, people who report an encounter and even an interaction with non-human beings associated with UFOs. Some of these interactions, they say, are unwelcomed and even terrifying. These witnesses include people of varying ages, religions, ethnic backgrounds, etc. The people who report these encounters with alleged UFO aliens are often highly respected people whose integrity is not in doubt. There is compelling evidence there are intelligent non-human beings actively interacting with humans. So why do they interact with humans and what do they want?
The Evidence Does Not Support the Extraterrestrial Theory
For most people who accept the idea, the UFO phenomenon is real, though the actual evidence does not support this view. In addition to what has been previously mentioned, there are other considerations.
Nine reasons to reject the Extraterrestrial Theory, aka the ET Theory
Close encounters of UFO/occupants or aliens are far too frequent. There are at least several hundreds of these cases reported each year. The massive number of these close encounters over a period of a few decades in the U.S. alone is staggering.
There is no evidence that humanoid life exists anywhere except on earth.
Humans are not biologically adapted for long space flights.
The UFO aliens offer conflicting and contradictory statements to those who they encounter.
There are too many different types and kinds of aliens reported.
There is no spaceship located to examine.
No alien has ever presented itself to a human for examination.
No alien technology has been located or given to humans for examination.
No video evidence (videos made by the many satellites orbiting earth) of UFOs entering our solar system.
Most of the proponents of the Extraterrestrial Theory are either atheists or agnostics. Whatever their position is on the origin of life; for them there is no personal God. For atheists, the universe exists without an objective purpose and without objective value.
While there is no evidence to demonstrate there is complex life on other planets, this does not mean God cannot create life elsewhere, nor does it mean God has not created life on other planets. The reality is there is no evidence to suggest God did. There is certainly no Bible verses to reference that would suggest God did. For more information about this particular topic, a review of the so-called “fermi-drake” paradox is recommended. The fermi-drake paradox is an equation formulated to attempt to estimate the probability of locating intelligent life in the universe.
The ultimate conclusion is that if there was other highly advanced intelligent life in our galaxy, humans would already have the evidence proving intelligent life did exist on other planets. Since we do not already have this evidence, this proves there is no intelligent, communicating life elsewhere.
The Evidence Points to a Spiritual Explanation
Part of the issue when examining the UFO phenomenon is to determine properly what is and what is not evidence. What is and what is not considered evidence depends in part on the perspective of the UFO investigator/analyst. An investigator who is committed to the Extraterrestrial Theory may often reject anything that would weaken or disprove his core beliefs. An atheist UFO investigator, as most are, will not have the same perspective as that of a Christian. An atheist will either reject outright or misinterpret any evidence that supports the view that the UFO phenomenon involves fallen angels. If the UFO phenomenon is not connected to aliens from other planets, that leaves only one viable and tenable option – the UFO phenomenon requires a spiritual explanation. The spiritual view makes the most sense for a number of reasons. The view that the UFO phenomenon is dealing with fallen angels is consistent with the evidence, is rational thought, is logically coherent and is compatible with Biblical teaching on the abilities and powers possessed by fallen angels. Even non-Christians who have spent several years investigating the UFO phenomenon have rejected the Extraterrestrial Theory. Dr. Allen Hynek is perhaps one of the best-known UFO investigators; years ago, he was employed by the U.S. government as an UFO investigator. His classic book, The UFO Experience, is considered required reading by anyone seriously interested in the UFO phenomenon. Hynek rejected the Extraterrestrial Theory. Later in life he concluded, I have come to support less and less the idea that UFOs are ‘nuts’ and bolts’ space crafts from other worlds. There are just too many things going against this theory. To me, it seems ridiculous that super intelligences would travel great distances to do relatively stupid things like stop cars, collect soil samples, and frighten people. I think we must begin to reexamine the evidence. We must begin to look closer to home.
Jacques Vallee, who is well known in the UFO research world, has a PhD in computer science and has studied the UFO for several years. He has written several books on the subject including Messengers of Deception. Vallee, who is not a Christian, believes the UFO phenomenon is being produced by interdimensional beings who are attempting to drastically alter our society. Vallee’s conclusion is “I would be disappointed if UFOs turn out to be nothing more than spaceships.” Many non-Christian UFO investigators do reject the Extraterrestrial Theory outright and are convinced that there is are intelligent beings responsible for the UFO phenomenon; that these non-physical beings have a keen interest in the affairs of humanity, and that these beings can manipulate matter and energy to suit their needs. Accepting the fact that the UFO phenomenon is real and rejecting the Extraterrestrial Theory is not limited to only Christians.
For the few Christians who do cling to the Extraterrestrial Theory as being valid and an explanation of the UFO phenomenon, they may wish to consider following:
Their existence does not disprove that God is real.
Their existence does not in any way invalidate the Bible as being God’s Word.
They are created beings with the ability to be mistaken and even be deceptive. Not everything they communicate may be factual.
Mankind still has a sin problem and only Jesus Christ can offer salvation.
As Christians, we realize there are two realms. One is physical and the other is non-physical or the spiritual realm. We also know the spiritual realm was in existence prior to the creation of the physical realm. In the spiritual realm, there are many non-physical beings. There are both holy and unholy angels. All angels were created holy but some rebelled against God and were cast out of heaven. Can the unholy or fallen angels (a.k.a. devils) be responsible for the UFO phenomenon? These fallen angels or devils are willing to deceive and lie. They possess the means to manipulate energy and matter, and to produce visions and appear as human beings. These demons can also pose as other beings. Because they lie and deceive, many will give heed to seducing spirits (Timothy 4:1). It is interesting to note that Satan is the prince and power of the air, and UFOs are seen in earth’s atmosphere, where Satan can use his power. Satan and his demons can produce lying wonders. This includes appearing as a human being or as a non-human being.
We know that Satan and demons:
Lie – this includes making claims they are beings from another planet.
Manipulate matter and energy (Exodus 7:10, 11, 21, 22; 8:7).
Affect a person’s mind (John 13:2 and Matthew17:15-18).
Spread false doctrines – claim to be space brothers and are here to help.
Manipulates time (Luke 4:5)
Manipulates energy (Job 1:15-19)
As we closely examine the UFO phenomenon, we become motivated to examine the Bible for answers. The Biblical based explanation is consistent with the evidence. Demons can temporarily manipulate time, energy and matter to produce what appears to be physical objects. This is how UFOs can suddenly appear and disappear. This is how they can appear to defy the laws of gravity and move at tremendous speeds. These lying wonders are not bound by the natural laws in place for the physical realm. Aliens do not usually deny the reality of Jesus Christ; however, they will not acknowledge that Jesus Christ is the Son of God. Demons masquerading as UFO aliens sometimes claim Jesus Himself is an alien.
Linda Howe, a well know UFO and paranormal investigator, has written extensively on the subject. She has spoken publicly on how aliens have reportedly claimed Jesus Christ was an alien who came to earth. Howe claims she interviewed a man in Brazil, named Urandir Oliveira, who alleges he is a lifetime UFO abductee, which means he has been abducted on multiple occasions. According to Howe, Oliveira was shown some kind of hologram that revealed to him that Jesus Christ “was a lead scientist who along with His team went back in time about 2000 years ago with the idea they could change ‘the hearts, minds and souls of humanity.’” UFO aliens are not hesitant to talk about Jesus; however, they deny that He is God in the flesh (1 Timothy 3:16). Howe is in a very revealing video where she tells a remarkable story at a UFO conference; she repeats a claim given to her that Jesus Christ came from outer space to earth 2,000 years ago. The claim is Jesus Christ was a great teacher who came to earth to teach humanity great spiritual truths.
When someone talks about Jesus Christ, it is indeed a Christian issue. The fact is Jesus Christ is mentioned often when dealing with the UFO/alien/contactee issues. It is simply not possible to conclude the UFO phenomenon is not a Christian issue. What is not found is UFO/alien/contactees talking about Confucius, Krishna, Mohammed or Mecca, Gautama Buddha or other religious leaders of the past. What these aliens (devils) tell their UFO contactees about Jesus Christ is in direct contradiction to what the Bible reveals about Jesus. The UFO phenomenon is a Christian issue because the aliens tell lies about Jesus Christ and deny the Bible is God’s Word.
UFO contactee/abductions do occur. Satan and his angels are masquerading as travelers from other planets. Some people only have one such experience while others may have several over a period of a few years. Their experiences are real. This is merely one of Satan’s devices. John Keel, who never claimed to be a Christian, was a pioneer in investigating the UFO phenomenon in the 1960s and wrote many books about the topic stated, “The UFO manifestations seem to me, by and large, merely minor variations of the age old demonological phenomenon.” From His book, Operation Trojan Horse, Keel realized that the UFO phenomenon is real, and the perpetrators are intelligent beings who have historically been referred to as demons.
Even Dr. Jacques Valley who studied the UFO phenomenon for decades concluded “We are dealing with a yet unrecognized level of consciousness, independent of man but closely linked to earth…. I do not believe anymore that UFOs are simply the spacecraft of some race of extraterrestrial visitors. This notion is too simplistic to explain their appearance, the frequency of their manifestations through recorded history, and the structure of the information exchanged with them during contact.” The E.T. theory is “too simplistic” and in my view lacks rational coherency.
I have reached the view the UFO phenomenon is real but is based on deception from non-physical beings known as fallen angels or devils. They are active on earth and have an agenda that is harmful to humanity.
Hygiea may soon be getting a classification promotion from asteroid to dwarf planet. High-resolution pictures were studied by astronomers who discovered that Hygiea actually has a spherical shape which is an extremely important qualification for being labelled a dwarf planet.
Prior to finding out that it has a spherical shape, Hygiea already met three of the four requirements in order to be classified as a dwarf planet – it orbits the sun; it isn’t a moon that orbits another planet; and it hasn’t pushed other objects out of its orbit. And now astronomers have confirmed that it has a round shape, meaning that it had enough mass for its gravity to mold it into that shape. Robert Massey, who is from the U.K.’s Royal Astronomical Society, told Newsweek, “It’s an unusual situation, as Hygiea appears to be smaller than the minor planets Vesta and Pallas, but is more spherical.”
Hygiea is the fourth biggest rock in the Asteroid Belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. According to the team of astronomers that was led by Pierre Vernazza from the Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille in France, Hygiea has a diameter of a little more than 267 miles, making it less than one-fifth of the width of Pluto (approximately 1,491 miles in diameter).
The team was surprised to have found only two impact craters on its surface. “This result came as a real surprise as we were expecting the presence of a large impact basin, as is the case on Vesta,” Vernazza said. The asteroid’s parent body was thought to have been between 46 and 93 miles wide before a huge impact broke it apart into thousands of pieces, ultimately causing the creation of Hygiea.
If Hygiea moves up from asteroid to dwarf planet status, it would officially be our Solar System’s smallest dwarf planet, stealing the title from Ceres that has a diameter of nearly 590 miles.
Asteroid Belt
But for now, Hygiea is still officially classified as an asteroid, as the International Astronomical Union (the same group that demoted Pluto to a dwarf planet) has to review all of the evidence and take a vote on whether or not it will be promoted to dwarf planet status. (Pictures of Hygiea can be seen here.)
Hygiea, a contender for the smallest planet in the solar system, is featured in this new image from the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope in Chile.
(Image credit: ESO/P. Vernazza et al./MISTRAL algorithm (ONERA/CNRS))
A new study published Oct. 28, 2019 in the journal Nature Astronomy found that Hygiea is spherical, potentially making it the smallest dwarf planet in the solar system. Vesta and Ceres are also dwarf planets.
(Image credit: ESO/P. Vernazza et al./L. Jorda et al./MISTRAL algorithm (ONERA/CNRS))
In a statement from the European Southern Observatory (ESO) that manages the SPHERE instrument that captured the high-resolution photos, Vernazza stated, “Thanks to these images, Hygiea may be reclassified as a dwarf planet, so far the smallest in the solar system,” adding, “Thanks to the VLT and the new generation adaptive-optics instrument SPHERE, we are now imaging main belt asteroids with unprecedented resolution, closing the gap between Earth-based and interplanetary mission observations.” Their study was published in Nature Astronomy and can be read in full here.
If there’s money to be made in UFOs and Unidentified Aerial Phenomena, Silicon Valley would be the logical place to make it, since that’s where the all of the big money is being made these days. However, if there’s no money to be made, would Silicon Valley billionaires still be involved – perhaps as a noble cause? That may be the case with UAP eXpeditions, a new Silicon Valley nonprofit created to “field a top-notch group of uber-experienced professionals providing the public service of field testing new UAP related technologies.” Public service from Silicon Valley billionaires?
“Do fleets of UAP ‘migrate’ from Catalina Island to Guadalupe Island with a certain frequency?”
Kevin Day thinks they do, and that’s why he founded UAP eXpeditions. He tells MJ Banias of Motherboard (and a Mysterious Universe contributor) that the organization plans to put high-tech equipment off the coast of California for tracking UAPs like those famous Tac Tacs tracked by the USS NImitiz. Day should know about these because he was stationed on the USS Princeton during the encounter as an air intercept controller. He believes those “tic tacs” are still out there and he’s teamed up with Dr. Kevin Knuth, a former NASA scientist, to find them. While Day knows what they look like, Knuth knows how to capture their images and intimate details and share them with the public.
“[We] will obtain current satellite imagery of the area (more or less in the area of Catalina Island and southward for ~100 miles) and determine whether these anamolous objects can be observed. We will monitor these satellite images both manually and using machine learning and build up a database of detections, classifications, and any observed patterns of activity.
We will be using tracking security cameras in the visual to infrared wavelengths with telephoto lenses, human eyes on the water with high power binoculars and spotting scopes, as well as digital SLR cameras with high power telephoto lenses ranging from 400mm – 600+mm. We plan to have high-quality drones in the air with imaging capabilities. We are looking into IR imaging as well, as well as detectors for x-ray, gamma-ray and custom-built neutron detectors (which are designed to look for dark matter).”
What if it’s armed and dangerous?
What did I tell you? Now all they need is money. Day is already working with video game entrepreneur and angel investor Rizwan Virk and Deep Prasad, CEO of ReactiveQ, a quantum computing materials design pioneer. That’s not enough, so Day is pitching to more angel investors and crowd-funding as a backup. Virk admits that Day has a tough sell because the number of Silicon Valley UFO fans is small. He needs more people who think like Deep Prasad. Here’s what Prasad told Motherboard:
“As technologists we seek to master science and engineering in such a way that all of humanity benefits from it. In front of our eyes are technologies underlying these UFOs that are far beyond our understanding and capabilities of recreating … if we pay close attention and reverse these technologies to bring to the masses, we will see a world with interstellar travel at our fingertips.”
Reverse these technologies? Knuth’s plan seems to be limited to watching and tracking UAPs. Prasad appears to want to shoot down or capture them with the intent of reverse-engineering their technology. (This is a good place to note that no one has limited “their” to aliens or enemy planes or our own.) That sounds less like a noble cause and more like a movie plot or Space Force mission. Of course, this is Silicon Valley. The real question is: which one will make the most money? Without an actual UAP to study and play with, Day will have to pitch his Nimitz experience, smoke, mirrors and whatever Knuth can pick up with his observation devices. Virk offers one market that may be interested.
“Some reports of the technology have said that it gets into areas that we are just starting to explore in Silicon Valley – mind/computer interfaces.”
It was a malfunctioning mind/computer interface – do you still want a piece?
It’s hard to believe that Silicon Valley is “just starting to explore” mind/computer interfaces and equally hard to believe that this is the first thing the people putting up billions would be interested in. Then again, there have been many stranger ideas that raised billions – and a few of them made billions more.
Yes, UAP eXpeditions is a nonprofit. That doesn’t mean it’s not interested in making a profit. And it’s in Silicon Valley, which is ALWAYS interested in making a profit. Let’s hope Day and Knuth can keep their eye on the noble cause and provide what would be the first real public service in UAP studies.
If there’s money to be made in UFOs and Unidentified Aerial Phenomena, Silicon Valley would be the logical place to make it, since that’s where the all of the big money is being made these days. However, if there’s no money to be made, would Silicon Valley billionaires still be involved – perhaps as a noble cause? That may be the case with UAP eXpeditions, a new Silicon Valley nonprofit created to “field a top-notch group of uber-experienced professionals providing the public service of field testing new UAP related technologies.” Public service from Silicon Valley billionaires?
“Do fleets of UAP ‘migrate’ from Catalina Island to Guadalupe Island with a certain frequency?”
Kevin Day thinks they do, and that’s why he founded UAP eXpeditions. He tells MJ Banias of Motherboard (and a Mysterious Universe contributor) that the organization plans to put high-tech equipment off the coast of California for tracking UAPs like those famous Tac Tacs tracked by the USS NImitiz. Day should know about these because he was stationed on the USS Princeton during the encounter as an air intercept controller. He believes those “tic tacs” are still out there and he’s teamed up with Dr. Kevin Knuth, a former NASA scientist, to find them. While Day knows what they look like, Knuth knows how to capture their images and intimate details and share them with the public.
“[We] will obtain current satellite imagery of the area (more or less in the area of Catalina Island and southward for ~100 miles) and determine whether these anamolous objects can be observed. We will monitor these satellite images both manually and using machine learning and build up a database of detections, classifications, and any observed patterns of activity.
We will be using tracking security cameras in the visual to infrared wavelengths with telephoto lenses, human eyes on the water with high power binoculars and spotting scopes, as well as digital SLR cameras with high power telephoto lenses ranging from 400mm – 600+mm. We plan to have high-quality drones in the air with imaging capabilities. We are looking into IR imaging as well, as well as detectors for x-ray, gamma-ray and custom-built neutron detectors (which are designed to look for dark matter).”
What if it’s armed and dangerous?
What did I tell you? Now all they need is money. Day is already working with video game entrepreneur and angel investor Rizwan Virk and Deep Prasad, CEO of ReactiveQ, a quantum computing materials design pioneer. That’s not enough, so Day is pitching to more angel investors and crowd-funding as a backup. Virk admits that Day has a tough sell because the number of Silicon Valley UFO fans is small. He needs more people who think like Deep Prasad. Here’s what Prasad told Motherboard:
“As technologists we seek to master science and engineering in such a way that all of humanity benefits from it. In front of our eyes are technologies underlying these UFOs that are far beyond our understanding and capabilities of recreating … if we pay close attention and reverse these technologies to bring to the masses, we will see a world with interstellar travel at our fingertips.”
Reverse these technologies? Knuth’s plan seems to be limited to watching and tracking UAPs. Prasad appears to want to shoot down or capture them with the intent of reverse-engineering their technology. (This is a good place to note that no one has limited “their” to aliens or enemy planes or our own.) That sounds less like a noble cause and more like a movie plot or Space Force mission. Of course, this is Silicon Valley. The real question is: which one will make the most money? Without an actual UAP to study and play with, Day will have to pitch his Nimitz experience, smoke, mirrors and whatever Knuth can pick up with his observation devices. Virk offers one market that may be interested.
“Some reports of the technology have said that it gets into areas that we are just starting to explore in Silicon Valley – mind/computer interfaces.”
It was a malfunctioning mind/computer interface – do you still want a piece?
It’s hard to believe that Silicon Valley is “just starting to explore” mind/computer interfaces and equally hard to believe that this is the first thing the people putting up billions would be interested in. Then again, there have been many stranger ideas that raised billions – and a few of them made billions more.
Yes, UAP eXpeditions is a nonprofit. That doesn’t mean it’s not interested in making a profit. And it’s in Silicon Valley, which is ALWAYS interested in making a profit. Let’s hope Day and Knuth can keep their eye on the noble cause and provide what would be the first real public service in UAP studies.
Reptile-like Alien Being spotted in Curiosity Mars Rover image
Reptile-like Alien Being spotted in Curiosity Mars Rover image
NASA Curiosity Mars image SOL 184 shows a small reptile-like alien being in the Yellowknife Bay area, Gale crater on Mars.
Since gigapan images are often clearer then the original NASA images, MPJ created a gigapan image of SOL 184 - MSL Curiosity - Yellowknife Bay area in Gale crater, on which the alien being was subsequently discovered.
There is already evidence that Mars is inhabited by animal species that are like those that exist on Earth in this age, that once existed on Earth in prehistoric times, or that are hybrids that possess the characteristics of two or more Earth species at once.
The discovery of this reptile-like alien being proves once again that there is much diversity of life forms and eventual intelligent life forms represented on the surface of the planet Mars?
Before you check the gigapan image and zoom in on the reptile, watch the short video of Mysteries showing the exact location of the being.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
Cube-shaped UFO passing the sun at an enormous speed
Cube-shaped UFO passing the sun at an enormous speed
On October 22, 2019 NASA's solar satellite captured images of a cube-like UFO passing the sun at an enormous speed. The images were captured by the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), and taken by the helioviewer website.
Swiss researcher Nassim Haramein is convinced that aliens are using our Sun as a gateway for interstellar travel.
He believes the alien spacecraft somehow manipulate the extreme forces and phenomena present in or around the sun into opening portals or wormholes that connect the Solar System to various other places in our universe, maybe going even further than that.
Due to the speed of the object, the video is played in slow motion.
Ten years ago, scientists speculated that warm dust in the exoplanet system BD +20 307 – located 300 light years away – had resulted from a planet-to-planet collision. Now astronomers see 10% more warm dust in this system, further supporting the idea of a collision between worlds.
View larger. | Artist’s concept of a catastrophic collision between 2 rocky exoplanets in the planetary system BD +20 307. This system has been known for some years as a place where two worlds collided. In 2019, astronomers observed a change in the dust left behind by the collision.
When astronomers speak of the process that formed our Earth, moon and the other worlds orbiting our sun, they often speak of collisions. The planets began as dust grains orbiting the newly born sun. The grains came together, making bigger grains, ultimately forming clumps that in turn collided with each other to form larger bodies known as planetesimals. More collisions … and more. And even after the planets we know today had ultimately formed, the collisions in our solar system did not stop. They peaked about 4 billion years ago during an interval called the Late Heavy Bombardment by astronomers. The heavily cratered surfaces on our moon, Mars and Mercury still retain scars from this period. Now – looking into our Milky Way galaxy – astronomers have obtained a dramatic glimpse of the aftermath of a collision between two planets in a distant solar system, 300 light-years away. What is it they are glimpsing? Not a collision itself, but the dust that was left behind from a collision that appears to have occurred in about the past 1,000 Earth-years.
The star system is known as BD +20 307. It consists of at least two stars that are at least a billion years old. That’s a fairly mature system; by contrast, our sun is 4.5 billion years old. Our sun and solar system retain some dust, too, mostly in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, or in the distant, cold Kuiper Belt beyond Neptune. But, by some estimates, the BD +20 307 system has a million times more dust than our solar system. Plus this dust debris isn’t cold, as would be expected in a solar system the age of BD +20 307. Instead, NASA said:
… the debris is warm, reinforcing that it was made relatively recently by the impact of two planet-sized bodies.
NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope joined ground observatories in providing hints of this collision a decade ago, when the warm debris was first found. More recently, NASA’s Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) showed that – as viewed in the infrared – the brightness of the debris has increased by more than 10%.
It’s exciting when things in astronomy happen on timescales humans themselves experience. According to NASA, the increase in brightness is a sign there’s now even more warm dust in the BD +20 307 system than there was 10 years ago. NASA explained:
While there are several mechanisms that could cause the dust to glow more brightly – it could be absorbing more heat from the stars or moving closer to the stars – these are unlikely to happen in just 10 years, which is lightning fast for cosmic changes. A planetary collision, however, would easily inject a large amount of dust very quickly.
This provides more evidence that two exoplanets crashed into each other.
The astronomers who made the new observations with SOFIA published their results in the peer-reviewedAstrophysical Journal earlier this year. They said their results:
… further support that an extreme collision between rocky exoplanets may have occurred relatively recently. Collisions like these can change planetary systems. It is believed that a collision between a Mars-sized body and the Earth 4.5 billion years ago created debris that eventually formed Earth’s moon.
Maggie Thompson is an astrophysics PhD student at UC Santa Cruz and lead author on the paper about warmer dust in the BD +20 307 system.
The warm dust around BD +20 307 gives us a glimpse into what catastrophic impacts between rocky exoplanets might be like. We want to know how this system subsequently evolves after the extreme impact.
Alycia Weinberger is an observational astronomer interested in planet formation, exoplanets and brown dwarfs. She’s lead investigator on the project to study the BD +20 307 system.
Alycia Weinberger is a staff scientist at the Carnegie Institution for Science’s Department of Terrestrial Magnetism in Washington and lead investigator on the project to study the BD +20 307 system. She said:
This is a rare opportunity to study catastrophic collisions occurring late in a planetary system’s history. The SOFIA observations show changes in the dusty disk on a timescale of only a few years.
The team is analyzing data from follow-up observations to see if there are further changes in the system.
This artist’s concept of a collision in the BD +20 307 system comes from 2005. In that year, observations from the Gemini/Keck observatories in Hawaii revealed dust and caused astronomers to begin speculating about a collision between worlds. They said at that time collisions responsible for the dust could range in size from asteroids (approximated here) to planets the size of the Earth or Mars.
Image via Gemini Observatory/Jon Lomberg/Space.com.
Bottom line: Astronomers using SOFIA see 10% more warm dust in the double star system known as BD +20 307 than they did 10 years ago. This fast increase in the amount of warm dust in the system supports the idea that astronomers are witnessing the aftermath of a collision between worlds.
Jörg Carstensen/dpaKlokkenluider Edward Snowden staat journalisten te woord via een videoverbinding in Berlijn.
De Amerikanen hebben geen bewijs dat er buitenaards leven is. Ook was de eerste maanlanding in 1969 geen doorgestoken kaart en is klimaatverandering wel degelijk een probleem. Dat zegt voormalig CIA-medewerker en klokkenluider Edward Snowden in een nieuwe podcast, meldt CNN.
Snowden had toegang tot geheime documenten van de VS toen hij werkzaam was voor de inlichtingendiensten. Hij ging op zoek naar antwoorden. “Voor zover ik weet hebben aliens nooit contact opgenomen met de aarde”, zei hij. “En mocht je benieuwd zijn: ja, de mens is daadwerkelijk op de maan geland, klimaatverandering is echt en chemtrails bestaan niet.” De zaken die Snowden opsomt worden door complotdenkers vaak in twijfel getrokken. Chemtrails zijn volgens complotdenkers de witte strepen die in de lucht te zien zijn achter een vliegtuig. Ze zouden er onder andere zijn om moedwillig chemische stoffen te verspreiden in plaats van waterdamp.
“Over aliens kon ik echt niets vinden. En als ze ergens verborgen zijn, dan worden ze goed verborgen. Want zelfs iemand van binnenuit kan ze niet vinden”, zei Snowden. Snowden lekte in 2013 geheime documenten over spionageactiviteiten door de NSA. Sinds zijn onthullingen verblijft hij in Rusland. De Verenigde Staten willen Snowden vervolgen vanwege het lekken van geheime informatie. Hij toonde aan hoever de Amerikaanse inlichtingendiensten gaan in het bespioneren van burgers. Tot op de dag van vandaag kan hij niet vrij reizen, dit om arrestatie door de VS te voorkomen.
Bestseller
Snowden schreef een boek genaamd ‘Permanent Record’. Zijn memoires zijn een bestseller. De VS spande een zaak aan om te voorkomen dat hij van de opbrengsten van de uitgave kan profiteren. Omdat hij de inlichtingendiensten niet vooraf inzage gaf en om toestemming vroeg, wil Washington alles confisqueren.
AFPSnowden schreef een boek genaamd ‘Permanent Record’.
Are we alone in the universe? It comes down to whether intelligence is a probable outcome of natural selection, or an improbable fluke. By definition, probable events occur frequently, improbable events occur rarely — or once. Our evolutionary history shows that many key adaptations — not just intelligence, but complex animals, complex cells, photosynthesis, and life itself — were unique, one-off events, and therefore highly improbable. Our evolution may have been like winning the lottery … only far less likely.
The universe is astonishingly vast. The Milky Way has more than 100 billion stars, and there are over a trillion galaxies in the visible universe, the tiny fraction of the universe we can see. Even if habitable worlds are rare, their sheer number — there are as many planets as stars, maybe more — suggests lots of life is out there. So where is everyone? This is the Fermi paradox. The universe is large, and old, with time and room for intelligence to evolve, but there's no evidence of it.
Could intelligence simply be unlikely to evolve? Unfortunately, we can't study extraterrestrial life to answer this question. But we can study some 4.5 billion years of Earth's history, looking at where evolution repeats itself, or doesn't.
Evolution sometimes repeats, with different species independently converging on similar outcomes. If evolution frequently repeats itself, then our evolution might be probable, even inevitable.
And striking examples of convergent evolution do exist. Australia's extinct, marsupial thylacine had a kangaroo-like pouch but otherwise looked like a wolf, despite evolving from a different mammal lineage. There are also marsupial moles, marsupial anteaters and marsupial flying squirrels. Remarkably, Australia's entire evolutionary history, with mammals diversifying after the dinosaur extinction, parallels other continents.
Other striking cases of convergence include dolphins and extinct ichthyosaurs, which evolved similar shapes to glide through the water, and birds, bats and pterosaurs, which convergently evolved flight.
We also see convergence in individual organs. Eyes evolved not just in vertebrates, but in arthropods, octopi, worms and jellyfish. Vertebrates, arthropods, octopi and worms independently invented jaws. Legs evolved convergently in the arthropods, octopi and four kinds of fish (tetrapods, frogfish, skates, mudskippers).
Here's the catch. All this convergence happened within one lineage, the Eumetazoa. Eumetazoans are complex animals with symmetry, mouths, guts, muscles, a nervous system. Different eumetazoans evolved similar solutions to similar problems, but the complex body plan that made it all possible is unique. Complex animals evolved once in life's history, suggesting they're improbable.
Surprisingly, many critical events in our evolutionary history are unique and, probably, improbable. One is the bony skeleton of vertebrates, which let large animals move onto land. The complex, eukaryotic cells that all animals and plants are built from, containing nuclei and mitochondria, evolved only once. Sex evolved just once. Photosynthesis, which increased the energy available to life and produced oxygen, is a one-off. For that matter, so is human-level intelligence. There are marsupial wolves and moles, but no marsupial humans.
There are places where evolution repeats, and places where it doesn't. If we only look for convergence, it creates confirmation bias. Convergence seems to be the rule, and our evolution looks probable. But when you look for non-convergence, it's everywhere, and critical, complex adaptations seem to be the least repeatable, and therefore improbable.
What's more, these events depended on one another. Humans couldn't evolve until fish evolved bones that let them crawl onto land. Bones couldn't evolve until complex animals appeared. Complex animals needed complex cells, and complex cells needed oxygen, made by photosynthesis. None of this happens without the evolution of life, a singular event among singular events. All organisms come from a single ancestor; as far as we can tell, life only happened once.
Curiously, all this takes a surprisingly long time. Photosynthesis evolved 1.5 billion years after the Earth's formation, complex cells after 2.7 billion years, complex animals after 4 billion years, and human intelligence 4.5 billion years after the Earth formed. That these innovations are so useful but took so long to evolve implies that they're exceedingly improbable.
An unlikely series of events
These one-off innovations, critical flukes, may create a chain of evolutionary bottlenecks or filters. If so, our evolution wasn't like winning the lottery. It was like winning the lottery again, and again, and again. On other worlds, these critical adaptations might have evolved too late for intelligence to emerge before their suns went nova, or not at all.
Imagine that intelligence depends on a chain of seven unlikely innovations — the origin of life, photosynthesis, complex cells, sex, complex animals, skeletons and intelligence itself — each with a 10% chance of evolving. The odds of evolving intelligence become one in 10 million.
But complex adaptations might be even less likely. Photosynthesis required a series of adaptations in proteins, pigments and membranes. Eumetazoan animals required multiple anatomical innovations (nerves, muscles, mouths and so on). So maybe each of these seven key innovations evolve just 1% of the time. If so, intelligence will evolve on just 1 in 100 trillion habitable worlds. If habitable worlds are rare, then we might be the only intelligent life in the galaxy, or even the visible universe.
And yet, we're here. That must count for something, right? If evolution gets lucky one in 100 trillion times, what are the odds we happen to be on a planet where it happened? Actually, the odds of being on that improbable world are 100%, because we couldn't have this conversation on a world where photosynthesis, complex cells, or animals didn't evolve. That's the anthropic principle: Earth's history must have allowed intelligent life to evolve, or we wouldn't be here to ponder it.
Intelligence seems to depend on a chain of improbable events. But given the vast number of planets, then like an infinite number of monkeys pounding on an infinite number of typewriters to write Hamlet, it's bound to evolve somewhere. The improbable result was us.
Scientists with NASA’s InSight Mars lander mission recently got the spacecraft’s burrowing heat probe moving again after “pinning” it with the lander’s soil scoop.
The burrowing heat probe aboard NASA's InSight Mars lander was designed to go 10 to 16 feet (3 to 5 meters) underground, using a self-hammering tool dubbed "the mole." But the mole got stuck just a foot (0.3 m) or so down shortly after its February 2019 deployment and could not be budged for months.
"We scratched our heads for quite a while trying to figure out what we could do," InSight project manager Tom Hoffman, of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, said Friday (Oct. 18) during a presentation at the 22nd Annual International Mars Society Convention in Los Angeles.
The InSight team homed in on two possible explanations for the mole's lack of progress: Either there was a big rock blocking its way, or the little digger had lost friction with the Red Planet's soil. Without a good grip on the dirt, the mole can't move much.
Last week, we got some good news: The InSight team had gotten the mole to move a few centimeters using a "pinning" technique, pressing the lander's soil scoop against the mole to create friction. That result showed that hypothesis number two was probably on the money and offered hope that the mole could eventually get down to its prescribed depth.
But even if that doesn't end up happening, the mole will still have taught the team some interesting things about Mars. For example, unlike typical holes dug here on Earth, the one excavated by InSight's mole has no lip of dirt around its rim, Hoffman said.
"Where did the soil go?" he said. "Basically, it got pounded back into the ground, so it seems like it’s very cohesive, even though it’s very dusty."
And this is a weird combination of characteristics, strongly suggesting that Mars dirt is alien in more ways than one.
"The soil properties are very different than anything we’ve ever seen on Earth, which is already a very interesting result," Hoffman said.
InSight is probing the Martian interior like never before, helping scientists to create a detailed 3D map of the planet from crust to core. This work will reveal a great deal about how rocky planets form and evolve, mission team members have said.
The lander totes two main science instruments: the burrowing heat probe, which is officially called the Heat Flow and Physical Properties Package (HP3), and a suite of supersensitive seismometers known as SEIS (Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure).
SEIS has already detected 150 seismic events, 23 of which are definitely marsquakes, Hoffman said. But just three of the 23 were larger than a magnitude 3 quake here on Earth, he added.
"So, very many marsquakes, but kind of less substantial than you might expect," Hoffman said.
Most earthquakes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates, which make up our planet's crust. But Mars does not appear to have such plates. The Red Planet's quakes — and those on Earth's moon as well — likely result from continuous cooling and contraction of rock, which cause stress that eventually breaks the crust, according to NASA officials.
Mike Wall's book about the search for alien life, "Out There" (Grand Central Publishing, 2018; illustrated byKarl Tate), is out now. Follow him on Twitter @michaeldwall. Follow us on Twitter@Spacedotcom orFacebook.
Space aliens are breeding with humans, university instructor says. Scientists say otherwise.
Space aliens are breeding with humans, university instructor says. Scientists say otherwise.
Outlandish claim has a secret breeding program creating alien-human hybrids who can survive climate change.
xavierarnau / Getty Images
By Seth Shostak
Maybe you've never seen any space aliens, but recent polls indicate that up to 6 percent of Americans claim to have been abducted by them. The experience doesn't sound pleasant. The extraterrestrials are often said to take their captives to their saucers, lay them out on a table and extract sperm from the men and impregnate the women.
If you're familiar with UFO lore, you know there are a couple of common explanations for these breeding experiments. One is that the aliens are in a reproductive bind on their home world: They can no longer successfully procreate and so have come to Earth to use humans as incubators to spawn alien offspring. The other is that the aliens are producing hybrid beings that will somehow help them take over our planet.
Scientists, of course, are dubious of such claims. After all, there's never been any good evidence that the abductions are taking place. No one ever seems to bring along a cellphone to take photos or to pocket an artifact from the saucers.
But an instructor at the University of Oxford in England believes the abductions are real. Young-hae Chi, who teaches Korean at the university, also claims to know what the aliens have in mind. In lectures given at the university, he says they're creating alien-human hybrids as a hedge against climate change. To support his unorthodox theory, Chi notes that for several decades the number of reported alien abductions has risen. He bases this statement on the work of David Jacobs, a retired Temple University historian who has published several books on ufology and who runs the International Center for Abduction Research.
Jacobs has interviewed more than a thousand people who claim to have been abducted, using hypnotic regression that apparently allows them to recall their unearthly encounters with aliens. (Mind you, this too is controversial, and Jacobs himself admits that people should be skeptical of these recollections.)
Chi takes the claims at face value, and links the growing number of abductees cataloged by Jacobs to the increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases. He doesn't imply a cause and effect: The abduction experiment is not responsible for global warming. Rather, it's a reaction to it. The extraterrestrials are producing hybrids that can better withstand the rigors of a toastier planet. By producing a new model of Homo sapiens, this project would eliminate the need for difficult climate accords or elaborate geoengineering projects. It would also help the aliens themselves — who are said to be living among us — by preserving the part of their DNA that's carried by the temperature-tolerant hybrids.
Of course, human-alien hybrids, no matter how well adapted to a warmer world, don't address the crux of the climate change problem. Even unimproved humans can handle hotter temperatures; after all, they already live in a plethora of steamy environments including the Congo, Amazonia and downtown Tucson. Rising sea levels could be dealt with too, by building dikes along the seaboards and writing off Miami Beach.
But it's the other inhabitants of the planet that are problematic — crops and critters that will either migrate toward the poles or disappear altogether. These, after all, are essential to both our environment and our food supply. Does the Oxford instructor presume that these other earthly residents are also being re-engineered by the aliens?
In addition, Chi's argument rests on the fact that two things have simultaneously increased in the past several decades: the number of reported abductions and the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Of course, many other things have risen during this time, too — including the price of bacon and the number of TV channels. It's a big jump from a coincidence in timing to an alien project to produce a climate-resistant species.
Eventually, this weird theory will be vindicated or vanquished by observation. Chi says the reason we don't see the aliens is that they are largely unrecognizable. "The first generation hybrids still have physical features distinctive to aliens'" he told NBC News MACH in an email. "But from the second generation ... they have almost indistinguishable bodily features from those of humans, although they may still carry at least one fourth of alien genes."
The inability to discern anything odd about the appearance of the hybrids is both convenient and unconvincing. They live among us, but we don't notice. And meanwhile, the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide continues to climb. It seems unlikely that humanity will ultimately find this situation less threatening thanks to an alien re-build.
But still, you might want to check your 23andMe results. Maybe you're already a hybrid.
Here's What Would Happen if a Solar Storm Wiped Out Technology as We Know It
PETER DOCKRILL
It's a strange and lucky irony that the worst solar storm in recorded history happened at a time when human civilisation wasn't yet uniquely vulnerable to the Sun's inescapable geomagnetic fury.
As a barrage of charged particles collided with Earth's magnetic field, intense auroras lit up skies around the world – but with strong electrical currents sweeping across the globe, the repercussions went far beyond colourful visuals.
Telegraph systems covering Europe and North America went down, as sparks flew from equipment, giving electric shocks to their human operators and even starting fires. Amid the electrified tumult, machines that had been disconnected from their power supplies eerily continued to relay their truncated messages.
It was, in other words, technological chaos. Yet from the comparatively futuristic perspective of 2018, as far as tech apocalypses go, it all sounds rather quaint and contained.
If a similar-scale solar storm were to strike Earth's pervasive technological systems right now – over a century and a half later – what would happen?
Nobody knows for sure how bad things would be, but given how scarily reliant we are on today's deep-rooted technological and electronic superstructures – compared to the primitive and relatively rare contraptions of 1859 – it would certainly be no picnic.
Perhaps our most relevant clue lies in some strange events that befell the world in the month of March, 1989.
Back then, a severe but not-Carrington-class solar storm struck Earth, courtesy of another coronal mass ejection from the Sun. Again, intense auroras resulted, leading some to think they could be seeing hazy after-effects of World War III.
The most extreme results were felt in Quebec, Canada, where the power grid went offline, meaning some 6 million people were immediately deprived of electricity. For many, the outage lasted only hours, but for others it took days for the power to come back on.
It's this kind of medieval scenario that has scientists at the White House worried a doomsday-scale geomagnetic storm on the level of the Carrington Event could effectively send the world back to the Dark Ages.
The thinking goes that "the big one", when it hits (about once every 500 years, if not sooner) would be powerful enough to knock out electrical and communications systems across Earth for days, months, or even years – nixing power grids, satellites, GPS, the internet, telephones, transportation systems, banking, you name it.
And forget taking out Quebec – we could be talking about all of Canada going offline, maybe the whole world – and with only hours of warning before technological darkness falls.
It sounds like something out of a disaster movie, but it's not the stuff of fiction. Conservative estimates suggest we could be looking at up to US$2 trillion of damage in the first year of such a calamity, with a recovery effort that could take a decade for the world to pull off.
On the more extreme side, others say US$20 trillion is a more reasonable figure – an inevitable damage bill that should perhaps make us reassess the risk factors of space-borne destruction.
"In terms of risk from the sky, most of the attention in the past was dedicated to asteroids," astrophysicist Abraham Loeb from Harvard University explained to Universe Today last year.
"But a century ago, there was not much technological infrastructure around, and technology is growing exponentially. Therefore, the damage is highly asymmetric between the past and future."
In a best-case scenario, a severe geomagnetic storm might only result in limited communications disruptions. But as history has shown, even such small-scale interference with the wrong kind of technological systems can have devastating consequences – like taking the world to the brink of nuclear war.
Just where a more powerful solar storm might take us next – or when – is the million-dollar question. Under majestic auroras, we might be forced to undergo a brutal, incalculable reset.
"An event of [Carrington] scale could be catastrophic if it happened tomorrow," director of research for MIT's Energy Initiative, Francis O'Sullivan, told CNET last week.
"It's not just the lights going off now. It's bank accounts disappearing… If you think what would happen if the stock exchange was taken offline for a week or month or if communications were down for a week or a month, you very quickly get to a point where this might be one of the most important threats the nation faces, bar none."
Giant tubes of plasma are encircling Earth high in the atmosphere, an astronomer has found.
The remarkable discovery shows these tubes follow Earth's magnetic field lines and extend for huge distances from the surface.
And using a novel imaging technique, the astronomer was able to create movies tracking the motion of these structures, and even map them in 3D.
Scroll down for video
The discovery was made by a student at the University of Sydney. She found that plasma was being trapped in Earth's magnetic field lines in tubular shapes (illustrated). This is thought to be occurring about 370 miles (600km) above the ground, and by using a new technique the astronomer was able to map the tubes in 3D
The discovery was made by Cleo Loi, a student at the ARC Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO) and the School of Physics at the University of Sydney.
She managed to do something no other astronomer had before - find evidence for the hypothesised plasma tubes high above Earth's surface, specifically 370 miles (600km) up.
POWERFUL RADIO TELESCOPE ARRAY CAN SCAN ENTIRE SKY
A new array of radio antennas in California, called the Owens Valley Long Wavelength Array, is aiming to watch the universe's radio waves pulsing across the sky.
By scanning the entire sky at once, the array aims to pick up signals from flaring stars, flashing planets and potentially even alien life.
'Our new telescope lets us see the entire sky all at once, and we can image everything instantaneously,' said Gregg Hallinan, an assistant professor of astronomy at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
One of the key goals of the project is to monitor extrasolar space weather - the interaction between nearby stars and their orbiting planets.
Earth's immediate vicinity is occupied by its magnetic field, called its magnetosphere, but it is also filled with plasma that is created when the atmosphere is 'ionised' - electrically charged - by sunlight.
The innermost layer of Earth's magnetosphere is the ionosphere, and above that is the plasmasphere.
They are embedded with a variety of strangely shaped plasma structures including, as has now been confirmed, the tubes.
Ms Loi told MailOnline that each tube was roughly six to 30 miles (10 to 50km) in width and stretched for at least several hundred kilometres, and possibly several thousand.
As to what these tubes do, Ms Loi said they may have a ‘possibly significantly role to play in moderating the energies of the radiation belts’ that surround Earth.
Understanding them could also help with regards to radio astronomy and satellite communications, which can be distorted by the tubes.
Using the MWA, Ms Loi found that she could map large patches of the sky and even exploit the MWA's rapid snapshot capabilities to create a movie - effectively capturing the real-time motions of the plasma. Shown here is a still from the video that shows the motion of the plasma across the sky
Ms Loi used a radio telescope in the Western Australian desert to make the discovery, called the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA).
This uses 128 antenna 'tiles' spread over the ground across an area 1.15 square miles (3 square km), and by splitting them into two groups she created a pair of 'eyes' to observe Earth's atmosphere.
The method enabled her to not only detect the existence of plasma tubes above Earth, but also 'probe the 3D nature of these structures and watch them move around,' she said.
She added: 'We measured their position to be about 600 kilometres [370 miles] above the ground, in the upper ionosphere, and they appear to be continuing upwards into the plasmasphere.
'This is around where the neutral atmosphere ends, and we are transitioning to the plasma of outer space.'
Ms Loi used a radio telescope in the Western Australian desert called the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) to make the discovery.This uses 128 antenna 'tiles' (some shown) spread over the ground across an area 1.15 miles squared (3km squared), and by splitting them into two groups, she created a pair of 'eyes'
Using the MWA, Ms Loi found she could map large patches of the sky and even exploit the MWA's rapid snapshot capabilities to create a movie - effectively capturing the real-time motions of the plasma.
'We saw a striking pattern in the sky where stripes of high-density plasma neatly alternated with stripes of low-density plasma,' she said.
'This pattern drifted slowly and aligned beautifully with the Earth's magnetic field lines, like aurorae.
'We realised we may be onto something big and things got even better when we invented a new way of using the MWA.'
Ms Loi has been awarded the 2015 Bok Prize of the Astronomical Society of Australia for her work.
MYSTERIOUS OBJECT FELL FROM THE SKY DURING LIGHTNING
MYSTERIOUS OBJECT FELL FROM THE SKY DURING LIGHTNING
During a storm in San Antonio on October 16, 2019, a dark mysterious object fell from the sky during a lightning strike.
The dark object appears next to the lightning strike before it falls to the ground in an unknown area. It is unknown what the object might have been but what makes it weird is that it’s faster than the lightning.
The photographer said that she was recording to lightning on super slow mode when he caught the object.
“I was recording to lightning on super slow mode and caught something strange. What makes it weird is that it’s faster than the lightning”, wrote author of the video Julia Jannell.
“My dad loves the lighting, so I was just going to send him the video of how crazy it was on my side of town”, she added.
Gianluca Masi of the Virtual Telescope Project in Rome said he just managed to capture an image of a small asteroid – labeled 2019 UB8 – coming very close on October 29, at about half the moon’s distance. Details here.
View larger. | The Virtual Telescope Project in Rome will show you asteroid 2019 UB8 as it sweeps closest to Earth – between us and the moon’s orbit – on the night of October 28, 2019, beginning at 8:30 p.m. EDT (00:30 UTC; translate UTC to your time).
The near-Earth asteroid 2019 UB8 will have a safe, very close encounter with our planet, coming at about 120,000 miles (190.000 km) from us – half of the average distance of the moon – tonight (October 28-29, 2019), according to clocks in Europe, Africa and the Americas. This 14- to 31-foot large asteroid (4.3 to 9.5 meters) will reach its minimum distance (120,000 miles or 190.000 km) from us on October 29, 2019, at 06:30 UTC; that is 2:30 a.m. EDT on the morning of October 29;translate UTC to your time.
We at the Virtual Telescope Project in Rome will show it to you live around its flyby time, beginning at 8:30 p.m. EDT on October 28 (00:30 UTC on October 29; translate UTC to your time).
Of course, there are no risks at all for our planet.
We also managed to capture its image last night. The image below comes from the average of three 500-second exposures, remotely taken with “Elena” (PlaneWave 17?+Paramount ME+SBIG STL-6303E) robotic unit available at Virtual Telescope. The telescope tracked the apparent motion of the asteroid. This is why stars show as small trails, while the asteroid looks like a faint, sharp dot of light in the center of the image, marked by an arrow.
The asteroid is marked by an arrow at the center of this image, taken October 27, 2019, via the Virtual Telescope Project.
The image above is quite exceptional, considering how faint (being small, see below) and fast-moving this rock is.
At the imaging time, asteroid 2019 UB8 was at about 1.3 million km (808,000 miles) from the Earth and it was on its way, approaching us.
Bottom line: A small asteroid – 2019 UB8 – will come very close to Earth on October 29, 2019. It’ll sweep safely past at about half the moon’s distance. Details here.
The X-37B, a test vehicle operated by the U.S. Air Force, has returned from orbit and landed successfully at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, more than two years after it originally launched on its latest mission aboard a SpaceX rocket.
The X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle, as it’s formally known, was on its fifth mission, which involved — well, we don’t really know. The whole point of X-37B is that its mission is mostly clandestine, so we likely won’t ever know the full particulars of what it has been up to in its orbital jaunts. But we do know that it’s demonstrating technologies for USAF use, and specifically to help them develop a “reliable, reusable, unmanned space test platform.”
We know from the Air Fore that that means running a battery of tests across systems including avionics, guidance, thermal shielding, propulsion, spacecraft re-entry systems and more. We also know that it’s around 30-feet long, like a kind of shrunk-down Space Shuttle, and we know that it’s built by Air Force contractor Boeing. And because this is the Air Force we’re talking about, we also know that the goals of any experiments run in the spaceplane are likely going to ramp up to defense and military use, which is a logical thing for the U.S. to pursue, given how quickly space is becoming a relative boom town, and how much money other states are spending on in-space defense and militarization.
The X-37B will spend some time on the ground after its record-breaking 780-day flight, and then will launch again sometime in 2020 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.
SCIENTISTS DETECT THE SMALLEST DWARF PLANET IN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM
SCIENTISTS DETECT THE SMALLEST DWARF PLANET IN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM
ESO
KRISTIN HOUSER
Moving On Up
The asteroid Hygiea just got a promotion.
Using European Southern Observatory’s SPHERE instrument at the Very Large Telescope (VLT), astronomers were able to get their most detailed look yet at Hygiea, an object in the asteroid belt.
And based on what they saw, they think the asteroid deserves reclassification as a dwarf planet — making it the smallest one yet identified in the entire solar system.
Four For Four
To be classified as a dwarf planet, an object must meet four requirements: it must be spherical, it must orbit the Sun, it can’t be a moon — and it must not have cleared the neighborhood around itself, which would make it a proper planet.
Astronomers already knew that Hygiea met the latter three requirements, and the new VLT data allowed them to confirm the first.
“Thanks to the unique capability of the SPHERE instrument on the VLT, which is one of the most powerful imaging systems in the world, we could resolve Hygiea’s shape, which turns out to be nearly spherical,” lead researcher Pierre Vernazza said in a news release. “Thanks to these images, Hygiea may be reclassified as a dwarf planet, so far the smallest in the Solar System.”
When ranking “Wouldn’t it be great if we had these?” science fiction inventions, innovations and imaginations, flying cars would certainly be #1, followed closely by the thing that would make flying cars able to traverse the universe – wormholes. While Albert Einstein had nothing to say about airborne autos, he influenced the possibility of wormholes with his theories of special relativity and gravity. Since the existence of such a time-space warp requires massive power, they’re often linked to the supermassive black holes that exist at the centers of galaxies. Now, a group of scientists have figured out a way to test whether Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), the Milky Way’s central (and still hypothetical) black hole is also a wormhole. Is someone on the other side doing the same thing? Have we seen this movie plot before?
“If a wormhole smoothly connects two different spacetimes, then the flux cannot be separately conserved in any of these spaces individually. Then objects propagating in the vicinity of a wormhole in one space must feel the influence of objects propagating in the other space. We show this in the cases of the scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational field. The case of gravity is perhaps the most interesting. Namely, by studying the orbits of stars around the black hole at the center of our galaxy, we could soon tell if this black hole harbors a traversable wormhole.”
That’s the abstract of “Observing a wormhole,” a new paper, published in Physical Review D, written by Dejan Stojkovic, PhD, cosmologist and professor of physics in the University at Buffalo College of Arts and Sciences, and De-Chang Dai, PhD, of Yangzhou University in China and Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland. Stojkovic and Dai didn’t just observe Sgr A* — they also watched S2, the star orbiting the black hole. Unlike in Interstellar and other wormhole movies and novels, these physicists don’t believe humans in giant, extremely tough spaceships can travel through a wormhole. However, something much large can, and it could also use its gravity to influence something equally large on the other side. Enter S2 and its possible opposite-galaxy twin.
“In particular, with a near future acceleration precision of 10-6 m/s2, a few solar masses star orbiting around Sgr A* on the other side of the wormhole at the distance of a few gravitational radii would leave a detectable imprint on the orbit of the S2 star on our side. Alternatively, one can expect the same effect in black hole binary systems, or a black hole–star binary systems.”
In other words, unusual movements by a giant star near a supermassive black hole could indicate that the black hole is actually a wormhole. And Stojkovic and Dai measured S2 and found it shaking hard enough to make them shake at the discovery of an actual wormhole … right? RIGHT?
“When we reach the precision needed in our observations, we may be able to say that a wormhole is the most likely explanation if we detect perturbations in the orbit of S2,” he says. “But we cannot say that, ‘Yes, this is definitely a wormhole.’ There could be some other explanation, something else on our side perturbing the motion of this star.”
As Stojkovic indicates in a University of Buffalo press release, current technology is not precise enough to see the movement, nor have they been observing S2 long enough to determine if it has actually moved in a non-standard way. On the good news side, Stojkovic believes this technology will be available in a within-our-lifetime period – possibly in a decade.
What if S2 never moves? That doesn’t necessarily mean Sgr A* isn’t a wormhole, just that there’s no giant star on the other side. It also doesn’t mean that something smaller couldn’t make a trip through it, although the ‘negative energy’ required to accomplish it is still considered to be impossible, even at the particle level.
Turn around.
So then, why keep looking at S2 and Sgr A*? Astronomers, like cryptid hunters, are on a quest. As Stojkovic told Popular Science:
“If one worm hole is found, then there is no reason to believe that there aren’t many others, When we found the first candidate for a black hole, then suddenly we saw millions of them.”
One phenomenon that has picked up quite a few accounts and attention in recent years is one that lies firmly out in the domain of the fringe, and deals with thin, pale beings that seem to defy any real classification. I have covered such entities before here, and they are commonly referred to by the creepy name “pale crawlers,” a unique branch of the paranormal which has grown to encompass countless very bizarre sightings reports. Here we will take a look at even more such encounters, which really stretch the limits of the odd and leave us wondering what could possibly be going on.
The reports of unearthly pale humanoid creatures lurking about in the shadows cover a range of different descriptions, but one of the most common is that of something very tall and extremely thin and gaunt, with very pale, almost translucent skin. They often appear out of nowhere for reasons we cannot comprehend, can be seen to travel on two legs or four, and one report that demonstrates an eerie sighting of one of these entities comes from Lon Strickler at Phantoms and Monsters. The witness says that this occurred back in 1994, at a place called Willow Creek, California, where he had been visiting his grandparents’ house in the summer of that year. The house is described as a small 2-bedroom place in a rugged wilderness area, with the Trinity River flowing practically right through their backyard, which is overlooked by a deck attached to the house. One evening he went to sleep in a sleeping back in the house’s solarium outside under the stars, and the witness says he woke up in the middle of the night for no discernible reason. After wiping away the remnants of sleepiness he realized that he was being overcome with a distinct feeling of dread that snaked through his veins and provoked within him a flight or fight response, shocking him awake like a splash of cold water, despite the fact that it was a quiet evening and there was no threat to be seen.
After some time (most likely just a minute or two), I turned my head to the side to look into the yard. I had to turn to my side and lift myself a bit to get a better look, but the source of my feeling was impossible to miss. Standing at the bottom of the yard next to the neighbor’s fence line stood a tall skinny creature with skin the color of the moon. It had no hair on it’s head or anywhere else that I could see. It’s eyes where shiny white with a reflective quality, but not bright like a bright light was shining on them right then. Just moon light. Its face had human features, but seemed squished flatter. It’s arms seemed really long, but that could be just because it was really tall. The chain link fence came up to it’s armpits, so it had to be around 7-8 feet tall. Not enough to just step over the fencing, but I didn’t hear it climb over unless it had been in the yard before I woke up and just didn’t get the dread feeling until later. It’s body had dirty brown-dark gray looking rags over its chest and around its hips cover its crotch.
It was looking right at me. I got scared and ducked down into my sleeping bag as far as I could. My sister has always been a heavy sleeper and I didn’t want her to wake up for this anyway. Next thing I hear heavy steps on the deck coming towards the solarium. There’s a wood door with a screened window in the top of it (not opened at the time as far as I can remember). All was quiet for a while, so I peeked out through a small fold of the sleeping bag. Through one of the bottom windows of the solarium next to the door I saw it’s pale large feet. The skin was rough and the toes were gnarled with dirty nails. I curled up trying not to make a sound or move much. The bag was getting stuffy.
He says the next thing he knew he was being shaken awake by his father after having passed out, and he would later find out that no one else had seen or heard anything unusual, there were no footprints or any physical evidence left behind, and his father told him that it had probably all been a bad dream. What did this witness see out there and why was it prowling about this property? A somewhat similar report comes to us from Reddit user “BuckeyeBrute,” who relates an experience his grandfather had at his rural home in a coal mining town in Southeastern Ohio. The grandfather began to get visitations at night from a very otherworldly, tall pale being that seemed to just loiter about the property and watch the house, and the commenter says of his grandfather and his brush with the weird:
He used to be soft spoken and generally reserved but the last time I visited him he was easily startled by noises, constantly checking outside the window, and he won’t let his dog outside unless he goes with the dog and he always bring his handgun with him. I asked him why he was so jumpy and he told me it was because of something he has seen multiple times outside his kitchen window. He claims that he has seen a tall, white, and very thin creature on the edge of his backyard near the treeline. He tells me it has small black eyes, that it’s around 8 feet tall, and that it just stands there watching his house and then vanishes. He said the sightings started about two months ago and I have only seen him twice since he started to see whatever this thing is. I am at a loss for words on how to help him. My grandfather used to be so easygoing, but anymore he’s afraid of my family staying at his house past sundown because he doesn’t want us seeing it either.
A quite bizarre report is also given by a Reddit user called “onionstarseed,” on a thread of humanoid encounters, who says that he and a friend saw a pale white creature they refer to as “an inorganic being” in the wilds of British Columbia, Canada, in 2010. On this evening the two of them were out exploring the area along with the friend’s dog, and they came to a steep cliff overlooking the forest area, and that is when the witness noticed a very peculiar entity down in the trees. He says of what happened:
There’s a steep cliff made out of forest floor when you first walk in. It is only about 10 – 15 feet into the forest area from the “entrance” of the forest. When we were standing at the top of the cliff/ravine before the path way leading down to the rest of the forest and the creek at the bottom which was the only safe way to walk down especially at night, I could see a 7-8 feet tall pure white soft looking figure and it was in between the trees moving around softly swaying left to right back and forth slowly standing (literally touching the forest floor) in the exact same place the whole time we saw it making absolutely no sound and there was absolutely no wind.
It was 7-8 feet Tall, Pure White (When I mean “pure white” I mean Paper, Bone white) Not see-through, Just 2 Pure White Long limbs (from what we could see in the dark). It was so white it looked like it was almost giving off light but it wasn’t because it was not shining or illuminating the trees or ground and Im pretty sure you could see shadow on it from it moving back and forth in the same place between the trees, had no facial features from what we could see and it was swaying back and forth around that I can only describe as 7-8 foot separated curtains blowing in the wind touching the forest floor, but right and left back and forth in a specific motion with no sound at all, absolutely no wind, dead silent. Emanated the feeling of dread and impending doom when I started being “Mesmorized” by its strange movements. I tried my best to squint my eyes and adjust them to the Inorganic Being/dark better to see what it was doing or if I could make out what it looked like better, but it did not help at all it just still appeared as I described.
I wasn’t even going to say anything about the figure to my friend at first because I was waiting for my friend to say something. We observed it for a couple seconds in complete silence and we’re “mesmerized” by it’s movements, then I asked my friend if he saw it and he said yeah he could as well. We stood silent in fear as we were watching it do its strange unsettling soft swaying movements/trying to adjust our eyes to the Inorganic Being and see what it was doing. As I was in a slight daze watching it sway I started to feel a ominous energy “set in” and felt impending doom (the sinking feeling) in my chest area like when you are going to die or are in a life threatening situation and I had shivers going throughout my body. That’s when I told my friend specifically “I don’t like this”, he agreed and we left immediately.
There were absolutely no sounds in the forest, it was dead silent while it was moving back and forth. Its movements could have been a lure of some sort because it did not move towards us or anywhere, or it was just letting us know to stay away because it was scared to death as well or just didn’t want us to disturb it. It was literally something you would see in a science fiction horror movie.
In this particular case, the witness claims that he asked around to people from the First Nations, and that they told him it was a creature they called the Sisiutl and other regional names, and that it was a sort of spirit that they did not like to talk about with outsiders. It is interesting to note that many of these cases make mention of a potent sense of this fear that washes over the witness almost as if it is being generated from outside and beamed into them. A case that really exemplifies this is one given by a Reddit user on a post titled “White “creature” in the woods of PA.” The witness says that he was driving his aunt to the airport at around 1 AM in a rural area outside of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and the road is described as having been very dark and a little foggy that night. Then they came across something they could not explain, of which the witness says:
It was facing toward a telephone pole off to the right of the car. The pole was just in front of a garage or small barn structure. All I could see was the back of its head – completely white, no hair – and its hands and its forearms which were also totally white. It looked like it was wearing a dark shirt or something of that nature. But it was facing away from us, leaning into the telephone pole with its arms up against the pole and its head against its arms. Or at least a stance similar to that. The worst feeling I have ever felt Rose up in my chest when I saw it. I felt my heart almost stop and drop into my stomach. I felt sick. And terrified. All I knew was that whatever it was, I didn’t want it to turn around. No matter what. I knew it couldn’t be allowed to turn around, or I would regret it.
I’ve seen a lot of really weird things in my life and felt a lot of really weird sensations. I’ve always been super sensitive to the energy in homes and I have straight up seen ghosts in my parents home, one of which I am very wary of (the other, I am comforted by, but that’s a different story for a different time). But this… this was actually TERRIFYING. I cannot explain the immense feeling of dread and horror I experienced in that moment to you. You could only understand if you’ve experienced it yourself.
This thing was tall, and had distinct arms and legs. It had no hair whatsoever on its body. I don’t know if it had facial features because it was faced towards the pole. Almost like it was counting for Hide and go seek with it’s arms up. It might have been hugging onto the pole. It wore something black. And I experienced the worst and most deeply jolting fear in its presence, and I was only near to it for a few seconds.
What was this thing? This case is rather interesting because it really emphasizes the pure fear these things are often described as emanating, and it is also curious in that it is a rare account of such an entity actually wearing some sort of clothing, and there is also the fact that a great many of these encounter reports take place along lonely roads at night. Reddit user “DistinctEarthling” gives such an account that supposedly happened on Christmas night in 2007, along a darkened rural backroad in Upstate New York. At one point as he made his way along a very secluded dark patch of road that had “barren fields on either side and woods set back,” he claims that he came across something very odd walking along the opposite side of the road coming in his direction. He says of the sight that bloomed up out of the night:
It was not a person. It stood on two long legs, with long arms hanging down from its shoulders. It was strong looking. Lean, muscular, but not beefy in stature. It looked thin at the same time. It stood at least 7 foot tall. It was light colored: not sure whether it was white, tan, yellow or grayish. It didn’t appear to have fur but there was some texture to the skin- it wasn’t smooth. There appeared to be something coming down off its back. I don’t know what this was. All I can recall about it’s face is the small features it had but the mouth and jaw were notably large. And it had pointed things atop its head- 2 things going straight upward with something mingled between the two things. That’s what I got from a quick scan and from my observation of it as it neared my car and my car neared it.
As my car became parallel to it within a split second, I went from looking out my windshield to looking at it from my drivers side window. In that moment, it’s face quickly peered down at me and all I remember was the mouth opened wide. Out came a remarkable scream that I’ll never forget. Gives me the chills just thinking about it. It consisted of a high-pitched shrill/shriek, enveloped by a deep guttural growl. Both sounds happened simultaneously in that scream. I kept driving all the while. This was all happening so fast that I didn’t even have a chance to be scared or shocked or anything. Later on, I was in total shock after it sunk in. Had my drivers side window been opened fully, it would have touched me, or worse, taken me. I’m certain of it. To this day, I still haven’t worked out what this was.
Quite a disturbing account, indeed. In another report, we have Reddit user “cspin360,” who also saw something very unsettling by the side of the road while driving with his fiancé through a remote road in an undisclosed location within one of the “rust belt states.” He says of the freakish encounter:
I live in a rust belt state about an hour south of our state capital in a rural hilly area. Me and my fiancé were driving from my parents house to a friends for a bit of night swimming. Our way there passes a state park’s boundaries and about 5 miles from any house on the road we seen what looked to be a pale skinned humanoid crouching on the side of the road. From behind you could see the spine of this creature poking out of its back and it almost looked as if it was hunched over roadkill. I could see it turn it’s head in our direction as we passed it but I didn’t get a good look at it’s face. Before seeing that me and my fiancé were very skeptical of the paranormal.
From the state of Illinois we have a report from Ranker, with a witness who was driving on his way home from a friend’s house in rural Illinois in an area with many creeks and woods when he had his encounter. His girlfriend was with him at the time, going home herself in a separate car, but later on she would call him in a state of frantic panic, and would give a very strange tale. The bizarre story goes as follows:
On Friday night she and I were at a friend’s house and decided to leave at around 1 am. It’s very foggy outside being that we live near rivers and creeks in rural Illinois. She goes to the gas station on her way home to the rural town where we both live about a block away from each other. I get home and don’t hear from her for a bit until she calls me very shaken up and crying. She says on her drive home she saw something crouched in the road on the right side. It looked to be fairly small possibly a child. She rolled her window down and asked if they were okay, and got no answer, only continued sobbing. She pulls over and gets out of the car walked up to whatever this was and attempted to ask if it needed any help. The thing stands up on two feet at over six feet, pale and hairless, and lets out a god awful screech and runs off of the road into some pretty dense woods near a tributary of the Kaskaskia river. She can’t say it was a boy or a girl but can say she’s never heard something like that before. She’s pretty jarred by the experience.
Yet another sighting reported to Lon Strickler of the site Phantoms and Monsters supposedly occurred along a dusty old road in South Texas in 2009. The witness says:
Me and a friend were driving home during the early morning hours in 2009 here in south Texas, near Brownsville. A bipedal, hairless & pale glowing humanoid or being of some sort jumped out of the brush towards my car as we passed. We were driving at 20 to 25 mph. This being screamed at us…a very shrill high-pitched yell. I’ll never forget it. When I fully looked at this humanoid my heart just stopped. It did not look anything like a Hollywood character of what an alien might look like. It was definitely not of this world. We then sped off as fast as we could and did not look back.
As frightening as these reports might be, perhaps even scarier still are those reports of pale humanoids or “pale crawlers” right within the confines of one’s home, and there are a few very disturbing cases along these lines. One is give on the site Ranker, by a witness who was at the time staying with her parents at their home in Texas. She says that one day she was just taking a nap on a futon in the middle of the day, and that at one point she opened her eyes to see that she wasn’t alone there. She says:
As I opened my eyes I saw, for only a second, the image of some white humanoid creature kneeling on its hunches looking at me. It couldn’t have been that tall since its eyes where only a inches above my bed. I could see the top of it’s knees which it was resting it’s head against. While I can’t remember many details about it’s face I knew, somehow, that it wasn’t entirely ‘right,’ for lack of a better term. I can’t remember if it even had any hair on it’s head, or the color of its eyes, but I can remember that it’s skin was very pale and it looked as if it were just skin and bones. I don’t know why the image of this creature was so vivid even though I only saw it for a second but even to this day it stands out.
Perhaps even more spectacular is an account given by a Reddit user who also saw something incredibly odd in his home when he was 14 years old. At the time it was around 10 PM at night, and the witness had gone to sleep on the sofa in the living room. As he lie down to try and sleep, he then heard a scrabbling, scratching sound that kept him awake and which was odd because the family did not own any pets and everyone else was in their rooms. The witness describes the spooky ordeal that would follow thusly:
So I’m lying down as as soon as I close my eyes (it’s like I blinked), I hear something crawling on the shaggy carpet, like it was crawling fast in circles, I could hear it loud and clear. I stay frozen thinking what the fuck???? The crawling sounded as if it what scraping itself against the carpet while moving. I hear it coming closer to me, next to the couch and it goes back off to the same spot where the sound started, which was like 5 feet away from the couch in this empty space in the corner of the living room.
Curious, I take a small peak and as I can remember, it looked like a human crawling on all fours, except the body was backwards (like if you lie down facing up, and then arch your body up with your hands and legs), and it was dark pale skin and I didn’t see a head, only it’s legs and hands. It wasn’t wearing anything, it was dark from my view so i didn’t see it’s entire body. At that time, I never ever played any scary games, and now that I’m older, I can say the creature looked like something out of a silent hill game. Like the skin texture. I know I wasn’t asleep because I barely got on the couch and when I jumped, I was still wide awake, I wasn’t sleepy at all. I know it wasn’t a dream.
These reports don’t really seem to comfortably fit within any traditional area of the paranormal, making them a phenomenon that really deserves its own classification, and which leaves us scrambling for answers. What could these sorts of entity be? Are they ghosts or spirits of some kind, aliens, demons, undiscovered animals, interdimensional interlopers, or something else all together? With such numerous differences in appearance reported, perhaps this is a phenomenon that encompasses several different possibilities, none of which are easily explainable with our current knowledge. Whatever they are, these “pale crawlers” represent the weird of the weird, inhabiting their own realm of the paranormal and evading any real understanding.
Tom Delonge's To the Stars Academy announced a partnership with the Army to research advanced alien technology. (Katy Winn/AP)
Much like the universe, the military’s affiliation with alien-related subject matter appears to be ever-expanding.
In 2017, the Pentagon confirmed the existence of a program that existed from 2007 to 2012, the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program, that was dedicated solely to investigating reports of UFO sightings.
The Navy then verified the authenticity of a declassified 2015 video, released by former Blink-182 frontman Tom DeLonge’s To the Stars Academy, featuring a bizarre encounter between Navy pilots and a high-speed, low-altitude unidentified flying object.
This April, the Navy confirmed it was drafting a fleet-wide message to establish guidelines for pilots and other military personnel to report UFO sightings, the culmination of a surge in what the Navy called a series of intrusions by advanced aircraft on Navy carrier strike groups.
Encounters with unidentified aircraft by pilots have once again prompted officials from the Department of Defense to take action.
By: J.D. Simkins
Now, the Army has joined the extraterrestrial fray in a big way, inking a contract with DeLonge’s TTSA to collaborate in the study of “exotic” metals that both parties hope will lead to the development of advanced technologies.
As part of the agreement, the Army’s Ground Vehicle System Center and Ground Vehicle Survivability and Protection component will lend research resources, including laboratories, to TTSA, which in turn will leverage what the company asserts are alien metals capable of enhancing the effectiveness of Army vehicles.
To the Stars claims to have “acquired, designed, or produced” these materials, which can offer an array of futuristic modifications like active camouflage, beamed energy propulsion, inertial mass reduction, and quantum communication.
Details on how or where DeLonge’s company acquired these materials were not provided.
“TTSA has acquired material from various sources and does not comment on the specifics of each sample,” Kari DeLonge, TTSA chief content officer and Tom’s sister, told Vice’s Motherboard.
The Army will make a $750,000 commitment to TTSA research as part of the five-year collaboration.
“Our partnership with TTSA serves as an exciting, non-traditional source for novel materials and transformational technologies to enhance our military ground system capabilities,” Dr. Joseph Cannon, deputy product manager of science and technology in the Vehicle Protection Systems Division of the GVSC, said in a TTSA press release announcing the contract.
"We look forward to this partnership and the potential technical innovations forthcoming.”
The Army’s contractual agreement comes in the wake of insistence by a number of former defense officials that the Pentagon take a more aggressive approach to analyzing data surrounding UFO encounters.
Former military intelligence official Luis Elizondo, who now works for DeLonge’s TTSA after reportedly spearheading the AATIP, told Politico in April that the military’s determination to keep such encounters quiet could be detrimental.
“If you are in a busy airport and see something you are supposed to say something,” he said.
“With our own military members it is kind of the opposite: ‘If you do see something, don’t say something. ... What happens in five years if it turns out these are extremely advanced Russian aircraft?”
Recent measures taken by the Army and Navy would suggest, at least on the surface, an acknowledgement of the concerns of those like Elizondo, who told Motherboard in September that he was "heartened by the Navy’s new position to address this issue in a serious manner and without the distraction of the social stigma that this phenomena seems to attract.”
And while these Pentagon-led endeavors come sans admission of the existence of alien life, new developments continue to signal a return to DoD acknowledgement that recently documented encounters at least warrant further investigation.
To the Stars officials are happy to accommodate the effort.
“This cooperative research agreement brings additional, critically important expertise that is necessary to advance the state-of-the-art in both our near and long-term technology areas of study," Steve Justice, TTSA’s COO and Aerospace Division director said in the release.
"While the Army has specific military performance interests in the research, much of the work is expected to have dual-use application in support of TTSA’s path to commercialization and public benefit mission.”
DeLonge’s team at TTSA is spearheaded by a number of noteworthy officials who have spent significant time in the DoD.
Dr. Hal Puthoff, a NASA quantum physicist and DoD adviser, Jim Semivan, a former senior intelligence member of the CIA, and Chris Mellon, a former deputy assistant secretary of defense for intelligence in both the Clinton and Bush administrations who was instrumental in creating Special Operations Command, all occupy leadership positions within TTSA.
DeLonge’s To the Stars Academy team was recently the subject of six-part documentary series on the History Channel called “Unidentified: Inside America’s UFO Investigation™."
Amerikaanse leger sluit deal met UFO-groep om buitenaardse technologie te bestuderen. Is dit het ultieme bewijs?
Amerikaanse leger sluit deal met UFO-groep om buitenaardse technologie te bestuderen. Is dit het ultieme bewijs?
is geen geheim meer dat het Amerikaanse leger geïnteresseerd is in alles wat te maken heeft met aliens.
In 2017 bevestigde het Pentagon het bestaan van een UFO-programma dat liep van 2007 tot 2012.
Vervolgens bevestigde de Amerikaanse marine de authenticiteit van beelden die in 2015 door een gevechtspiloot waren gemaakt van een onbekend vliegend object.
Exotische metalen
En in april stelde de marine richtlijnen op voor het melden van UFO’s, die steeds vaker worden waargenomen door piloten.
Het Amerikaanse leger heeft nu een deal gesloten met de UFO-onderzoeksgroep van voormalig zanger van Blink-182 Tom DeLonge om ‘exotische’ metalen te gaan bestuderen, meldt Army Times.
Het leger stelt onder meer laboratoria ter beschikking aan de groep.
Niet bekend
DeLonge zegt te beschikken over buitenaardse metalen die de ‘effectiviteit van legervoertuigen zullen vergroten’.
Het is niet bekend waar zijn organisatie de materialen precies vandaan heeft gehaald.
Het leger heeft 750.000 dollar opzij gezet voor de samenwerking, die vijf jaar moet gaan duren.
Meer openheid
Eén van de mensen die zich heeft aangesloten bij de groep van DeLonge, Luis Elizondo, stond jarenlang aan het hoofd van het UFO-programma van het Pentagon.
Hij wil dat er meer openheid komt over UFO-waarnemingen.
Hoeveel versies van jezelf bestaan er? Deze natuurkundige stelt dat er ontelbaar veel parallelle universa zijn
Hoeveel versies van jezelf bestaan er? Deze natuurkundige stelt dat er ontelbaar veel parallelle universa zijn
De veel-werelden-interpretatie, ook wel de theorie van de parallelle universa genoemd, behoort zeker tot de mogelijkheden. Dat zegt natuurkundige Sean Carroll van het California Institute of Technology in een interview met NBC.
“Het is absoluut mogelijk dat er meerdere werelden zijn waarin je verschillende keuzes hebt gemaakt,” zei hij tegen de zender.
“We hebben ons alleen te houden aan de natuurwetten,” voegde hij toe.
Groot aantal
De vraag is dan hoeveel werelden er precies zijn.
“We weten niet of het aantal werelden eindig of oneindig is, maar waarschijnlijk gaat het om een groot aantal,” beweerde Carroll.
“Het zijn er in ieder geval niet maar iets van vijf,” vervolgde hij.
Waarnemer
Volgens de natuurkundige hangt de fysieke realiteit in het universum nauw samen met de waarnemer.
“Voordat je naar een object kijkt, of het nu een elektron of een atoom is, bevindt het zich niet op een bepaalde locatie,” zei Carroll.
“Je neemt het ergens waar, maar het bevindt zich niet op een specifieke plek,” lichtte hij toe.
Hawking
Carrroll is niet de enige die onderzoek heeft gedaan naar de mogelijkheid dat er vele alternatieve realiteiten zijn.
Ook Stephen Hawking en Erwin Schrodinger hebben gesuggereerd dat er veel andere parallelle werelden bestaan.
In zijn meest recente werk stelde Hawking dat de oerknal ons dankzij de kwantummechanica heeft voorzien van een oneindig aantal universa, niet slechts eentje.
Bezoeken
Volgens Carroll is het onmogelijk om andere parallelle universa te bezoeken.
“Andere universa interacteren niet met elkaar, ze beïnvloeden elkaar niet,” zei hij.
Deep Field: The Impossible Magnitude of Our Universe
Deep Field:The Impossible Magnitude of Our Universe
“Deep Field: The Impossible Magnitude of Our Universe”
“Eric Whitacre’s “Deep Field: The Impossible Magnitude of our Universe” is a unique film and musical experience inspired by one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time: the Hubble Telescope’s Deep Field image.”
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“When I heard the learn’d astronomer;
When the proofs, the figures, were ranged in columns before me;
When I was shown the charts and the diagrams, to add, divide, and measure them;
When I, sitting, heard the astronomer,
where he lectured with much applause in the lecture-room,
How soon, unaccountable, I became tired and sick;
Till rising and gliding out, I wander’d off by myself,
In the mystical moist night-air, and from time to time,
Secret Space Program Insider Reveals Everything He Knows About Extraterrestrials
Secret Space Program Insider Reveals Everything He Knows About Extraterrestrials
Here Emery will give a detailed account of the specific experiences that changed the way he thought about our planet, solar system and humanity forever. In this workshop, Emery dives into the information he learned while working on and with extraterrestrial beings.
He will discuss what he learned through a classified library. This unique access was granted through credits achieved by “good behavior.’ Emery will shed light on the most impactful information found in the library archives, including human and extraterrestrial history, what the inside of our planet actually looks like, and which nations are contributing information to this worldwide shared library today.
Lastly, Emery discusses one of the projects he was assigned to where he and a few select others created the first extraterrestrial DNA database and the implications it has for identifying the origins of every human on this planet.
Mysterious Air Force spaceplane returns to Earth more than two years after SpaceX launch
Mysterious Air Force spaceplane returns to Earth more than two years after SpaceX launch
More than 25 months after it lifted off on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket, the US Air Force’s secretive X-37B spaceplane successfully returned to Earth on October 27th, breaking its own record for time spent in orbit.
As always, the specifics of what exactly the X-37B spaceplane does in orbit remain as obscure as ever.
SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket launched X-37B on its fifth mission – OTV-5 – on September 7th, 2017, just a handful of months after successfully launching a similarly secretive mission (NROL-76) for the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) and a handful of months prior to the company’s even more mysterious ‘Zuma’ launch. SpaceX’s OTV-5 launch had to race against the clock to beat Hurricane Irma’s forecasted landfall and the company managed to launch just a few days prior, while the booster’s post-landing operations had to be similarly expedited.
Falcon 9 B1040 returns to Landing Zone-1 after launching the X-37B spaceplane. The booster was reused roughly 9 months later.(SpaceX)
Thankfully, all went as planned and SpaceX recovery technicians had Falcon 9 booster B1040 safely stored inside a nearby hangar before Hurricane Irma impacted the Florida coast. B1040 was reused for the second and final time during the June 2018 launch of the SES-12 communications satellite and marked the second to last launch of a pre-Block 5 variant of Falcon 9.
In the interim, the USAF X-37B has been quietly stationed in low Earth orbit (LEO), performing any number of tasks. Over the course of the 779 days it spent in orbit, the spaceplane modified its orbit several times before finally reentering Earth’s atmosphere to land at Kennedy Space Center’s Shuttle Landing Facility (KSC SLF) runway.
The#OTV5 / #X37B space plane photographed in orbit! Finally an image showing this mini-Space Shuttle which is only a fraction in size of the real Shuttle. https://t.co/r7zqATUpN4
During the OTV-4 mission that preceded OTV-5, the same X-37B spacecraft spent 717 days in orbit – just shy of two years. OTV-5 surpassed that endurance record on August 26th and remained in orbit for another two months, breaking its own record by a bit less than 10%. For the most part, the USAF’s most consistent cover story for the X-37B paints the spaceplane as platform for testing reusable spacecraft hardware, but that explanation has never made a huge amount of sense alongside the fact that each mission has averaged more than 570 days in orbit.
“[The X-37B is the] Air Force’s premier reusable and unmanned spacecraft providing the performance and flexibility to improve technologies in a way that allows scientists and engineers to recover experiments tested in a long-duration space environment.”
In reality, it’s largely assumed that X-37B serves as a kind of flexible, on-call spy satellite, featuring a payload bay with plenty of room for signals intelligence or imaging hardware and a level of orbital endurance that makes it comparable to satellites. For example, OTV-5’s orbital parameters meant that the spacecraft routinely overflew Russia.
Aside from the “experiments” and likely espionage-related payloads X-37B can stow inside its payload bay, the spacecraft also brings along a small solar array and radiator and features a hydrazine maneuvering system with substantial delta-V reserves, allowing it to significantly change its orbit.
An artist’s impression of X-37B in orbit. (Adrian Mann)
Following its successful October 27th recovery, Boeing and USAF teams will likely begin the process of refurbishing X-37B and preparing it for its sixth orbital mission as soon as possible. Known as OTV-6, the spacecraft is scheduled to head to orbit atop a ULA Atlas V rocket no earlier than Q2 2020.
Check out Teslarati’s newsletters for prompt updates, on-the-ground perspectives, and unique glimpses of SpaceX’s rocket launch and recovery processes.
Alien Bases Found In Craters On Earths Moon, Photos, UFO Sighting News.
Alien Bases Found In Craters On Earths Moon, Photos, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: Oct 2019 Location of discovery: Earths moon Source: NASA/ESA Here is something I found in a photo of Earths moon. The most interesting and artistic alien structure that I have found in a very long time. Each of the craters shown have an alien structure within it. One of which is silver in color. This silver structure has amazing detail. It is slightly blurry because the white fake crater the aliens made creates a shine that is difficult to focus, but the structure in its center stands out well. Next to the silver structure is a brownish structure that is smaller...which is in the shape of a face. I can clearly make out its eyes, nose, ears, mouth and hair...its male. Cool stuff huh? This is 100% proof that aliens currently occupy our moon and it also explains why humans have not been back since the early Apollo missions. They are still there and don't want us meddling in their affairs. Scott C. Waring-Taiwan
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:Ruins, strange artifacts on other planets, moons, ed ( Fr, EN, NL )
UFO passing the volcano Popocatépetl caught on live cam
UFO passing the volcano Popocatépetl caught on live cam
Cameras are filming the volcano Popocatépetl in Mexico 24 hours a day. Once again a UFO has been caught on the volcano cam Popocatépetl while passing the volcano on October 22, 2019.
The bright object has no wings or other visible parts which means it can't be a plane, helicopter or drone.
Although people have reported strange lights or the appearance of unidentified flying objects at the volcano since years, there is no explanation why the volcano is visited so often by strange objects.
UFOs Across the US Could Be the Country’s Secret Space Force
UFOs Across the US Could Be the Country’s Secret Space Force
A peace worker and military veteran has claimed that UFOs across the US could be the new Space Force craft of the military that the government has built using a secret military budget.
Growing speculation has hit the headlines over the last few months about the US military preparation of hitting the skies with a secret Space Force fleet.
Some conspiracy theorists believe the snake-like UFOs and other mysterious aircrafts observed over the country are evidence the USAF is testing craft for the 6th branch of the military.
Bruce Gagnon, the Global Network Against Weapons and Nuclear Power in Space coordinator and co-founder, believes it may not be too far from the truth.
Bruce claimed such secret craft could be a new type of Space Force craft that’s funded by a highly confidential budget. Bruce explained that the secret military budget, development of advanced technologies, and the black budget are only speculations, but these are conceivable and possible.
Bruce saw a photo of Northrop Grumman B-21 Raider when the speaker of a Space Militarisation Peace talk released it. He said it looked like something out of space.
Bruce has previously revealed that the USAF has been making a new generation of space soldiers by teaching children.
The US Space Force (USSF) is the US Armed Forces’ proposed space warfare service branch that’s intended to have power over military space operations.
If established, it would become the 6thbranch of the US Armed Forces and the 8thUS uniformed service. It would be organised as a military service branch within the Department of the Air Force, one of the three military departments in the Department of Defence.
The Mars-bound rover is closer to ready for the Red Planet.
Engineers remove the inner layer of protective foil from NASA's Mars 2020 rover.
(Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech)
NASA's Mars 2020 rover has shed its skin and gained a new arm, and it's now standing on its own six wheels, closer to ready for the Red Planet.
The Mars-bound rover has gone through a few major updates this October. After the rover relocated from the Spacecraft Assembly Facility to the Simulator Building at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) to undergo testing, engineers removed the first, inner layer of protective, anti-static foil on the rover to prevent contamination on Mars. In the GIF above, taken on Oct. 4, 2019, you can see a team of engineers in bunny suits (a nickname for their clean room coveralls) "unwrapping" the rover.
After removing the first layer of anti-static foil, the team of engineers wiped down the last layer of foil with 70% isopropyl alcohol. The protective foil and alcohol wipe-down are meant to prevent Earth material from hitching a ride on the rover to Mars and contaminating the surface of the planet.
"The Mars 2020 rover will be collecting samples for future return to Earth, so it must meet extraordinary cleanliness measures to avoid the possibility of contaminating Martian samples with terrestrial contaminants," Paul Boeder, a contamination control lead for the Mars 2020 rover at JPL, said in a statement. "To ensure we maintain cleanliness at all times, we need to keep things clean not only during assembly and testing, but also during the moves between buildings for these activities."
Standing on its own
A few days later at JPL, on Oct. 8, the Mars 2020 rover carried its full weight on its six legs and wheels for the first time ever.
"After years of design, analysis and testing, it is fantastic to see the rover on her wheels for the first time," Ben Riggs, a mechanical systems engineer working on Mars 2020 at JPL, said in a statement. "The whole team looks forward to seeing her in the same configuration on Mars in the not-too-distant future."
NASA's Mars 2020 rover carried its full weight on its legs and wheels for the first time ever on Oct. 8, 2019.
(Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech)
The legs of the rover, which can be identified in the image above as the black tubes above the spacecraft's wheels, are made of titanium. The rover's six wheels are made of aluminum and have cleats, or grousers, that help it get traction on the ground. The wheels currently on the rover are "engineering models" used during this testing phase, and before the rover is launched to Mars, they will be replaced with flight models.
A new arm
The rover updates didn't stop there. On Oct. 22, Maxar Technologies announced that it had delivered the robotic Sample Handling Assembly (SHA), a robotic arm, for the Mars 2020 rover.
The SHA is designed to assess, store and release rock and soil samples collected by the rover on the surface of Mars. The sixth robotic arm from Maxar that will be used on Mars, the SHA will be an important asset for the rover's goal of answering questions about the potential existence, now or in the past, of life on Mars.
NASA's Mars 2020 rover is scheduled to launch to the Red Planet in July of 2020 aboard a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket from Space Launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. The rover is set to land on Mars at Jezero Crater on Feb. 18, 2021.
If there's life swimming in the dark, frigid ocean of the Jupiter moon Europa, an upcoming NASA mission might be able to sniff it out.
The agency's Europa Clipper spacecraft is scheduled to launch in the mid-2020s on a mission to characterize the icy moon's subsurface sea and its life-hosting potential. But Clipper is capable of making even bigger discoveries, if everything falls into place just right.
"We're a habitability mission. We're trying to understand, Is Europa a habitable environment?" Europa Clipper project scientist Robert Pappalardo, of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California, said Wednesday (Oct. 23) at the 70th International Astronautical Congress (IAC) in Washington, D.C.
"We're not a life-search mission," Pappalardo added. "But, if Europa's interior happened to be rich in organic microbes pouring out of it, we would be able to tell from the mass spectra — probably, possibly — that we're sensing life. That's a longshot, but it's not impossible."
Pappalardo was referring to measurements made by Clipper's mass spectrometer, one of nine science instruments the probe will carry. Mass spectrometers determine the masses of ions (charged atoms and molecules) in a sample, helping scientists identify what those ions are.
Clipper will collect these samples during dozens of flybys of Europa, which the probe will make from Jupiter orbit over the course of its 3.5-year operational life. Circling Europa itself was not a viable option, given the intense radiation environment around the moon, mission team members have said.
The samples will come from Europa's wispy atmosphere and, the team hopes, from plumes of water vapor and other material wafting from the icy moon's surface. Scientists have spotted evidence of such plumes on multiple occasions, but their existence has yet to be confirmed.
"Early in the mission, we'll be searching for plumes and trying to understand, Are they real? Are they there? Where are they? Are they sporadic or continuously active?" Pappalardo said.
"And maybe we'll fortuitously go through a plume, or maybe we'll be able to adjust the orbit slightly in order to go through a plume," he added. "And if we do, then our in situ instruments, especially the mass spectrometer and the dust detector, will be able to sample that material in extreme detail to search for organic materials and to understand the detailed chemistry of Europa's interior."
Pappalardo cautioned that Europa's plumes, if they do indeed exist, might be very different than the confirmed one emanating from the south polar region of Saturn's icy moon Enceladus. The Enceladus plume is generated by powerful geysers that are continuously blasting material from the Saturn satellite's subsurface ocean into space. Although the Europa material could be coming from its ocean, the source could also be lakes of liquid water within the moon's ice shell, Pappalardo said.
And he stressed that plume sampling won't make or break Clipper's mission.
"That's essentially bonus science, not required by the mission," Pappalardo said. "But I sure hope it happens."
The other instruments carried by the solar-powered Clipper, whose total mission costs are estimated at around $4 billion, include a magnetometer and a radar instrument, which will allow the team to characterize in detail Europa's ocean and ice shell, respectively. Scientists think the ocean is about 50 miles (80 kilometers) deep and the ice shell about 13 miles (20 km) thick, but those are estimates, and there will certainly be regional variation.
In case you just skimmed over that last sentence: A 50-mile-deep ocean is pretty amazing, considering that the deepest point on Earth's seafloor is just 7 miles (11 km) beneath the waves. At 1,900 miles (3,000 km) wide, Europa is smaller than Earth's moon but is thought to harbor twice as much liquid water as our planet's surface does.
Europa's ocean is also thought to be in contact with the moon's rocky core, potentially enabling a wide range of interesting and complex chemical reactions. As a result, Europa is widely regarded as one of the solar system's best bets for harboring alien life. Others on the short list include Enceladus and Saturn's huge moon Titan, which has hydrocarbon seas on its surface and likely a buried ocean of liquid water as well.
The Clipper will also tote powerful cameras, which will snap photos with a resolution of about 1.6 feet (0.5 meters) per pixel. That's 10 times sharper than the best existing images of Europa's surface, which were captured by NASA's Galileo spacecraft, Pappalardo said. Galileo orbited Jupiter from 1995 to 2003.
While Clipper's photos will be revelatory enough in their own right, they should also help pave the way for the next step in Europa exploration: a life-hunting lander that Congress has instructed NASA to develop. Clipper's data will help researchers identify good places for the lander mission to touch down, NASA officials have said. (The lander mission remains a concept for the moment, however; it's not officially on NASA's docket.)
NASA had long been targeting a 2023 liftoff for Europa Clipper. Congress has told the agency to launch the mission using NASA's powerful Space Launch System (SLS) megarocket, which would allow Clipper to travel directly to Jupiter and get there after just 2.4 years of flight.
But SLS is still in development and has experienced multiple delays and cost overruns. In addition, NASA plans to use the first three SLS vehicles for its Artemis lunar-exploration program. As a result, the first SLS available for use by Clipper won't be ready until 2025 at the earliest, NASA's Office of the Inspector General (OIG) recently concluded.
The OIG therefore recommended that NASA should be allowed to consider launching Clipper on a commercial rocket, such as SpaceX's Falcon Heavy or United Launch Alliance's Delta IV Heavy. These vehicles aren't as powerful as SLS is expected to be, so going the commercial route would require a different trajectory for Clipper — a roundabout one that employs planetary "gravity assists" and features a total transit time of nearly six years, according to the OIG report.
We’re accustomed to the ‘large craft’ approach to exploring our Solar System. Probes like the Voyagers, the Mariners, and the Pioneers have written their place in the history of space exploration. Missions like Cassini and Juno are carrying on that work. But advances in technology mean that Nanosats and Cubesats might write the next chapter in the exploration of our Solar System.
Nanosats and Cubesats are different than the probes of the past. They’re much smaller and cheaper, and they offer some flexibility in our approach to exploring the Solar System. A Nanosat is defined as a satellite with a mass between 1 and 10 kg. A CubeSat is made up of multiple cubes of roughly 10cm³ (10cm x 10cm x 11.35cm). Together, they hold the promise of rapidly expanding our understanding of the Solar System in a much more flexible way.
A cubesat structure, made by ClydeSpace, 1U in size. Credit: Wikipedia Commons/Svobodat
NASA has been working on smaller satellites for a few years, and the work is starting to bear some serious fruit. A group of scientists at JPL predicts that by 2020 there will be 10 deep space CubeSats exploring our Solar System, and by 2030 there will be 100 of them. NASA, as usual, is developing NanoSat and CubeSat technologies, but so are private companies like Scotland’s Clyde Space.
NASA has built 2 Interplanetary NanoSpacecraft Pathfinder In Relevant Environment (INSPIRE) CubeSats to be launched in 2017. They will demonstrate what NASA calls the “revolutionary capability of deep space CubeSats.” They’ll be placed in earth-escape orbit to show that they can withstand the rigors of space, and can operate, navigate, and communicate effectively.
Following in INSPIRE’s footsteps will be the Mars Cube One (MarCO) CubeSats. MarCO will demonstrate one of the most attractive aspects of CubeSats and NanoSats: their ability to hitch a ride with larger missions and to augment the capabilities of those missions.
In 2018, NASA plans to send a stationary lander to Mars, called Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport (InSight). The MarCO CubeSats will be along for the ride, and will act as communications relays, though they aren’t needed for mission success. They will be the first CubeSats to be sent into deep space.
So what are some specific targets for this new class of small probes? The applications for NanoSats and CubeSats are abundant.
Other NanoSat and CubeSat Missions
NASA’s Europa Clipper Mission, planned for the 2020’s, will likely have CubeSats along for the ride as it scrutinizes Europa for conditions favorable for life. NASA has contracted 10 academic institutes to study CubeSats that would allow the mission to get closer to Europa’s frozen surface.
The ESA’s AIM asteroid probe will launch in 2020 to study a binary asteroid system called the Didymos system. AIM will consist of the main spacecraft, a small lander, and at least two CubeSats. The CubeSats will act as part of a deep space communications network.
ESA’s Asteroid Impact Mission is joined by two triple-unit CubeSats to observe the impact of the NASA-led Demonstration of Autonomous Rendezvous Technology (DART) probe with the secondary Didymos asteroid, planned for late 2022. Image: ESA
The challenging environment of Venus is also another world where CubeSats and NanoSats can play a prominent role. Many missions make use of a gravity assist from Venus as they head to their main objective. The small size of NanoSats means that one or more of them could be released at Venus. The thick atmosphere at Venus gives us a chance to demonstrate aerocapture and to place NanoSats in orbit around our neighbor planet. These NanoSats could take study the Venusian atmosphere and send the results back to Earth.
NanoSWARM
But the proposed NanoSWARM might be the most effective demonstration of the power of NanoSats yet. The NanoSWARM mission would have a fleet of small satellites sent to the Moon with a specific set of objectives. Unlike other missions, where NanoSats and CubeSats would be part of a mission centered around larger payloads, NanoSWARM would be only small satellites.
NanoSWARM is a forward thinking mission that is so far only a concept. It would be a fleet of CubeSats orbiting the Moon and addressing questions around planetary magnetism, surface water on airless bodies, space weathering, and the physics of small-scale magnetospheres. NanoSWARM would target features on the Moon called “swirls“, which are high-albedo features correlated with strong magnetic fields and low surficial water. NanoSWARM CubeSats will make the first near-surface measurements of solar wind flux and magnetic fields at swirls.
This is an image of the Reiner Gamma lunar swirl from NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. Credits: NASA LRO WAC science team
NanoSWARM would have a mission architecture referred to as “mother with many children.” The mother ship would release two sets of CubeSats. One set would be released with impact trajectories and would gather data on magnetism and proton fluxes right up until impact. A second set would orbit the Moon to measure neutron fluxes. NanoSWARM’s results would tell us a lot about the geophysics, volatile distribution, and plasma physics of other bodies, including terrestrial planets and asteroids.
Space enthusiasts know that the Voyager probes had less computing power than our mobile phones. It’s common knowledge that our electronics are getting smaller and smaller. We’re also getting better at all the other technologies necessary for CubeSats and NanoSats, like batteries, solar arrays, and electrospray thrusters. As this trend continues, expect nanosatellites and cubesats to play a larger and more prominent role in space exploration.
A “thought provoking” video was uploaded to YouTube which seems to show several crafts flying over China. Details of the video are scarce, with the uploader not saying which area of China they are in, but it clearly depicts something suspicious. In the video, three UFOs can be seen flying overhead in formation.
The strange aircrafts differ massively in size, with the middle one being by far the largest.
The variation of size has led certain quarters of the internet to believe the UFOs are not man made as if they were terrestrial, the fleet would likely all have been of the same aircraft.
The video was quickly picked up by alien hunters, with prominent UFO enthusiast Scott C Waring claiming that extraterrestrials are watching us all over the globe.
Mr Waring wrote on his popular blog UFO Sightings Daily: “This video was taken in China last week and shows not one, but three UFOs or more flying over a person’s office building.
UFO sighting: Alien spaceship fleet seen flying in formation over China
(Image: UFO SIGHTINGS DAILY)
“There is no country that UFOs exclusively fly over. They are everywhere and they are big and some are as small as baseballs.
“This is a very though provoking video.”
China has become something of a focal point of alien enthusiasts, with some saying the secretive nation even has its own Area 51.
Situated in the middle of nowhere in the Gobi desert, a series of strange structures have baffled internet users.
Is this China's Area 51?
(Image: YOUTUBE)
The focal point is a strange “Stonehenge-like” circle contains three aircrafts, which the narrator cannot identify.
The aircrafts are all pointing outwards, and as the Youtuber, ThirdPhaseOfMoon, looks at the time lapse on Google Earth, you can see that the number of planes there drops from four to three between 2005 and 2015, despite the fact that no tracks are left behind, and there is no runway close to it.
Additionally, to the right of the patch of aircrafts is a mysterious square formation with jagged lines running through it.
Some believe that this may be a secretive code that extra-terrestrial beings can pick up on aerially.
Astronomers have spotted a new type of storm on Saturn
Astronomers have spotted a new type of storm on Saturn
The tempests are larger than other squalls but smaller than massive Great White Spots
Until now, astronomers have only seen Saturn ravaged by small storms that last days or enormous Great White Spots that last months (a Great White Spot that raged in 2010 and 2011 pictured). Now, astronomers have identified a third, midsize kind of storm activity on the gas giant.
Until now, astronomers had seen only two kinds of Saturnian storms: relatively small storms about 2,000 kilometers across that appear as bright clouds for a few days and Great White Spots that are 10 times as large and last for months (SN: 4/14/15). The newly spotted weather disturbance was a series of four midsize storms. Each was several thousand kilometers across and lasted between about 1.5 weeks and about seven months.
Saturnian storms are thought to originate in water clouds hundreds of kilometers below the planet’s visible upper cloud cover. Studying such storms can offer a window into deep atmospheric goings-on that aren’t directly observable, says Agustín Sánchez-Lavega, who studies planetary atmospheres at the University of the Basque Country in Bilbao, Spain.
Sánchez-Lavega and colleagues analyzed hundreds of telescope images taken by amateur astronomers, as well as pictures from by the Calar Alto Observatory in Spain and NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope. From late March to late October 2018, four unusual bright spots appeared in Saturn’s atmosphere near the North Pole, between the latitudes of 67° N and 74° N.
Computer simulations indicate that each midsize storm required about 10 times as much energy as a small storm to get going, but only about one-hundredth the energy required to brew up a Great White Spot.
Weather report
In 2018, telescopes on the ground and in space spotted a series of storms near Saturn’s North Pole (white spots indicated by black arrows). Not all of the storms were visible simultaneously; the shortest-lived lasted about 10 days while the longest-running storm raged for 214 days. These weather disturbances were larger than storms previously seen on the gas giant, but nowhere near as big as Saturn’s rare Great White Spots.
Tracking a new type of storm activity on Saturn, April 1–August 16, 2018
A. SÁNCHEZ-LAVEGA ET AL/NATURE ASTRONOMY 2019
The sighting of this storm outbreak “almost leaves more questions than it can give answers,” says Georg Fischer, a planetary scientist at the Space Research Institute of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Graz not involved in the work.
For instance, the 2018 telescope images don’t show whether the newfound storms crackled with lightning. Small storms typically boast a few flashes per minute and Great White Spots several flashes per second. If similar midsize storms appear in the future, Fischer says, radio telescopes that monitor the gas giant’s tempests for lightning strikes could indicate whether middling storms are more similar to their small or giant counterparts. That might help scientists figure out how they form.
The timing of the 2018 storm sequence hints that it might have been a failed Great White Spot. These planetary-scale storms have been observed only seven times since 1876. But those few data points seem to indicate that Great White Spots form around the same latitudes once every 60 years or so. The last time Saturn sported a far-north Great White Spot, near the latitudes where the 2018 storm quartet cropped up, was in 1960.
It’s possible that a 2010 Great White Spot that formed farther south siphoned so much energy from Saturn’s atmosphere that there was only enough left to fuel a few middling storms, rather than a full-blown Great White Spot in 2018, Sánchez-Lavega says.
But planetary scientist Robert West, who wasn’t involved in the study, is skeptical that the 2010 Great White Spot could have interfered with storm activity farther north. That’s because gas swirling in Saturn’s atmosphere at different latitudes tends to stay in its own lane. West, of Caltech and NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., suspects that the storm sequence in 2018 was not a failed Great White Spot, but “a whole different thing.” For now, however, the origins of those intermediate storms and how they relate to other weather phenomena on Saturn are still mysterious, he says.
Comment: Some other recent discoveries about Saturn include:
This eROSITA image shows the Large Magellanic Cloud, our galactic neighbor. The image was created with exposures from all seven of the telescope's mirror modules; the pictures were taken between Oct. 18 and 19.
The first images from a dark-energy-hunting telescope have been revealed, and they're spectacular.
On Oct. 22, 2019, the inaugural images from the German X-ray telescope eROSITA were presented to the public at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE) in Bavaria, Germany. These "first light" images are a combination of pictures from all seven of the telescope's Wolter-1 mirror modules, which have been scanning the sky with custom CCD cameras.
This image from eROSITA shows A3391/3395, two interacting galaxy clusters that are 800 million light-years from Earth. This image was created with exposures from all seven of the telescope's mirror modules; the images were taken between Oct. 17 TKTK
(Image credit: T. Reiprich (University of Bonn), M. Ramos-Ceja (MPE), F. Pacaud (University of Bonn), D. Eckert (University of Geneva), J. Sanders (MPE), N. Ota (University of Bonn), E. Bulbul (MPE), V. Ghirardini (MPE), MPE/IKI)
The German space agency (DLR)'s eROSITA telescope, which has been making observations since Oct. 13, has taken combined X-ray images of pieces of the night sky. Those include pictures of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and A3391/3395, an interacting pair of galaxy clusters located about 800 million light-years from Earth.
"These first images from our telescope show the true beauty of the hidden universe," Peter Predehl, principal investigator of eROSITA, said in a statement. "To meet our science goals, we needed enough sensitivity to detect the most-distant clusters of galaxies in the universe over the whole sky and resolve them spatially. These first light images show that we can do exactly that, but we can go a lot further."
The eROSITA X-ray telescope before it launched aboard a Proton rocket on July 13, 2019.
(Image credit: DLR)
Between the telescope's CCD cameras and seven mirror modules, the observatory is extremely sensitive. "The potential for new discoveries is immense. Now we can start reaping the fruits of more than 10 years of work," Predehl added.
A testament to the sensitivity of the instrument, eROSITA was able to capture some interesting details in the LMC, including remnants of the supernova SN 1987A and a number of both foreground stars and distant active galactic nuclei.
The highly sensitive eROSITA telescope will not only help scientists capture detailed images of cosmic objects like stars and diffuse gas, but it could also support the investigation of dark energy, scientists said.
"This is a dream come true. We now know that eROSITA can deliver on its promise and create a map of the whole X-ray sky with unprecedented depth and detail," Andrea Merloni, eROSITA project scientist, said in the same statement.
"The legacy value will be enormous," Meroni added. "Beside the beautiful images like the ones we're showing today, catalogues of millions of exotic celestial objects such as black holes, galaxy clusters, neutron stars, supernovae and active stars will be used by astronomers for years to come."
eROSITA, which launched with a Spektrum-Röntgen-Gamma (Spektr-RG) satellite onboard a Proton rocket on July 13, 2019, from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, is part of Spectrum Roentgen Gamma (SRG), a Russian-German collaborative astrophysical-observation mission, which includes the Russian ART-XC telescope.
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My sighting only lasted lots of seconds. It’s quite easy to comprehend why there are plenty of UFO sightings. It’s very simple to comprehend why there are plenty of UFO sightings. Now, UFO sighting has been a matter of amusement as an alternate to a concern, in spite of the fact there are ample evidences about their scary general appearance. Now, UFO sighting has been a matter of amusement rather than a concern, even though there are ample evidences about their scary general appearance. Many reported UFO sightings actually end up being something as simple as a balloon.
All About Latest UFO Footage
Now, UFO sighting has been an issue of amusement instead of a concern, although there are ample evidences about their scary general appearance. It’s very easy to comprehend why there are lots of UFO sightings. It’s simple to comprehend why there are lots of UFO sightings. Many reported UFO sightings actually wind up being something as easy as a balloon.
UFOs are often connected with aliens and conspiracy theories. At some stage, you’re most likely to encounter a UFO. At a while, you’re most likely to run into a UFO. Throughout that time period, there were two triangle UFOs sighted in the identical website. Throughout that time frame, there were two triangle UFOs sighted in the same site. Throughout that period of time, there were two triangle UFOs sighted in only the identical website.
UFOs are observed through telescopes. At times, however, they cannot be identified due to the minimal quality of evidence associated with their sightings. Sometimes, however, they cannot be identified because of the low quality of evidence related to their sightings. Throughout that time period, there were two triangle UFOs sighted in precisely the exact site. Throughout that time period, there were two triangle UFOs sighted in the identical site. Throughout that period of time, there were two triangle UFOs sighted in exactly the same website.
Secret Space Program Insider Reveals Everything He Knows About Extraterrestrials
Secret Space Program Insider Reveals Everything He Knows About Extraterrestrials
Here Emery will give a detailed account of the specific experiences that changed the way he thought about our planet, solar system and humanity forever. In this workshop, Emery dives into the information he learned while working on and with extraterrestrial beings.
He will discuss what he learned through a classified library. This unique access was granted through credits achieved by “good behavior.’ Emery will shed light on the most impactful information found in the library archives, including human and extraterrestrial history, what the inside of our planet actually looks like, and which nations are contributing information to this worldwide shared library today.
Lastly, Emery discusses one of the projects he was assigned to where he and a few select others created the first extraterrestrial DNA database and the implications it has for identifying the origins of every human on this planet.
Antarctica Anomalies Investigated Amazing Findings Made By Leading Researchers
Antarctica Anomalies Investigated Amazing Findings Made By Leading Researchers
There have been some very strange goings on at the South Pole in recent years, many of them are bizarre to say the least. Join leading alternative researchers as they continue their investigations into this vast and largely unexplored area.
The universe isn’t expanding, it is growing. It is a life form. A younger one, by it’s own standards.The universe is a being. We are simple cells supporting this life form, just as the cells in our body, are supporting their universe. Mark Marker
Why buzz said “Its evil itself and we all are in danger? Is this the same what ISS astronaut Heger did? Before her laboratory burns down and she gets her nervous breakdown? Coincidence? Well…Odd things happened and happens here. Austrian UFO News
Does ball lightning move like this or is it something else?
Does ball lightning move like this or is it something else?
On September 19, 2019 a dashcam recorded a ball of fire coming out of a thunderstorm over Russia.
Ball lightning (electric orb) is an unexplained and potentially dangerous atmospheric electrical phenomenon and has captivated and mystified us for centuries and although scientists seem to agree ball lightning is real, even if they don't yet fully understand what causes it.
But since this ball of fire follows a very strange trajectory before it disappears we may wonder whether it is ball lightning or something else.
The original video has a high pitched annoying buzz and is twice as long. Willease added the audio track to make it more bearable.
When it comes to UFOs, those truly in the know – let’s call them the Deep Know – know that no one was going to find out much by storming Area 51. That’s not due to the security but to the reality that the alleged crashed spaceships and live-or-dead aliens are not in Nevada but in Ohio – specifically at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton. If any reverse engineering of extraterrestrial technology is going on, it’s going on there. Which is why we should be paying very close attention to an announcement recently that Air Force scientists at WPAFB have developed a liquid metal that becomes stronger and a better conductor when stretched – the exact opposite of all other known conductive materials. Is this what spaceships are made of? Or Terminator-like aliens?
“Typically a material will increase in resistance as it is stretched simply because the current has to pass through more material. Experimenting with these liquid metal systems and seeing the opposite response was completely unexpected and frankly unbelievable until we understood what was going on.”
Old technology liquid metal
“Unbelievable” is not a word you’d expect to be used in a press release from the military, let alone one from an Air Force base so closely tied to Project Blue Book and other secret UFO projects. Yet that is exactly the word Dr. Christopher Tabor, lead research scientist at Air Force Research Laboratory, used to describe the properties of Polymerized Liquid Metal Networks, a new material developed by the lab while researching new ways to make next-generation wearable electronics that won’t weaken when the body it surrounds stretches or bends, and will retain all of its conductivity properties under the same stresses.
“Core–shell particles of liquid metal with surface‐bound acrylate ligands are synthesized and polymerized together to create cross‐linked particle networks comprising >99.9% liquid metal by weight. When stretched, particles within these polymerized liquid metal networks (Poly‐LMNs) rupture and release their liquid metal payload, resulting in a rapid 108‐fold increase in the network’s conductivity. These networks autonomously form hierarchical structures that mitigate the deleterious effects of strain on electronic performance and give rise to emergent properties. Notable characteristics include nearly constant resistances over large strains, electronic strain memory, and increasing volumetric conductivity with strain to over 20 000 S cm−1 at >700% elongation.”
In a technical paper published in the journal Advanced Materials, Tabor and lead author Capt. Carl Thrasher, research chemist within the Materials and Manufacturing Directorate at AFRL, explain how the particles of liquid metal are enclosed in a shell and then chemically tethered to the next one through a polymerization process, linking all of them together. Under stress, the shells break, releasing the liquid that quickly rebonds its particles to maintain the material’s conductivity and inherent stretchability. According to the report, there is no detection of fatigue after 10,000 stress cycles.
“This is something that isn’t available on the market today so we are really excited to introduce this to the world and spread the word.”
Or is it being reintroduced? The Air Force Research Laboratory is the primary scientific research and development center for the Air Force and “plays an integral role in leading the discovery, development, and integration of affordable warfighting technologies for our air, space, and cyberspace force.” More importantly, it’s based at WPAFB which is located at the birthplace of manned flight and the heart of military air flight research since World War I (as McCook Field). And, as the Deep Know and anyone who watched the recent Project Blue Book series or read the insider books about it knows, it has long been rumored to be where alien pilots and their crashed UFOs are taken and … re-engineered?
One of the most talked-about UFO sightings of all time occurred in November of 2004 when an F/A-18 Super Hornet captured footage of an unknown tic-tac shaped object flying through the skies off the coast of California. The USS Nimitz in addition to its support ships, like the USS Princeton, all saw the unexplained craft in the sky.
The footage captured of the “tic-tac UFO” led the Pentagon to admit that they have a top-secret government program called Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (or AATIP) tat specifically focuses on investigating reports of UFO sightings. While the Defense Department stated that the program ended in 2012, there have been reports that it’s still in operation to this very day.
With that being said, a U.S. Navy veteran has come forward with a startling revelation that secret officials came onboard the USS Princeton to retrieve important information about the encounter. In an interview with The Nimitz Encounters, Lead Petty Officer Ryan Weigelt revealed new information that shortly after the encounter with the tic-tac shaped object, several United States Air Force personnel boarded the ship.
USS Princeton
Weigelt, whose job was to look after the helicopters that were on the USS Princeton, said that the group of men who boarded the carrier “weren’t assigned” to the ship. After they boarded the vessel, the group immediately went to the Admiral’s Quarter where a guard was stationed outside the door so that nobody could enter.
Shortly after, they took “something” from the helicopters that made them unable to fly. “I couldn’t tell you what it was they had taken,” Weigelt said, adding, “But they took something that meant we couldn’t fly our aircraft until we got them back.” He went on to say, “There was something that they had taken off our aircraft that, whatever box it was, they logged it out and it was directed by a higher authority to take it.”
After they had retrieved what they wanted, the group left the ship in a RIB (rigid-hulled inflatable boat). At that point, the crew of the USS Princeton was told to dock at a marina. “I’ve done a lot of cruises in my time in the military and never once did we pull in during a work-up to a harbor for any reason whatsoever,” Weigelt explained, continuing on by stating, “I’ve never even seen a ship anchor in the mouth of the harbor.”
USS Princeton
So, what was the reasoning behind the mysterious group of secretive officials boarding the ship and retrieving “something” that wouldn’t allow the helicopters to fly? Weigelt provided his theory by saying, “There’s no doubt in my mind that these guys were looking for data on the UFOs.” Weigelt’s interview can be watched in full here.
Perhaps there’s more footage out there showing the tic-tac shaped object in the sky that they’re trying to keep secret. If there is additional footage, I’d sure love to see it.
Somewhere in the afterlife, the great-and-gone geniuses of Earth might be gathered around a celestial campfire (or burning bush) roasting heavenly marshmallows, swapping tales of how their creations and theories turned out and having a good laugh at how they continue to baffle humanity long after they’ve left the planet. Two who may be sharing a similar story these days are Enrico Fermi, creator of the Fermi Paradox, and John Von Neumann, proposer of the idea of space probes that can replicate themselves as they travel ad infinitum. A still-living astrophysicist recently pulled these two ideas together and shrunk them down to a microscopic size with his new proposal that aliens may already be among us in the nearly invisible form of self-replicating nanoprobes. Are Fermi and Von Neumann laughing … or crying?
John von Neumann
“In this paper we consider efficiency of self-reproducing extraterrestrial Von-Neumann microscale robots and analyse the observational characteristics. By examining the natural scenario of moving in the HII clouds, it has been found that the timescale of replication might be several years and even less – making the process of observation quite promising. We have shown that by encountering the interstellar protons the probes might be visible at least in the infrared energy band and the corresponding luminosities might reach enormous values.”
In a paper published recently in arxiv, Zaza Osmanov, astrophysicist and professor of physics at the Free University of Tbilisi, Georgia, proposes that Fermi’s Paradox (“where are all of the aliens?”) is due to scientists looking in the wrong place for creatures of the wrong size. He suggests that Von Neumann probes are already here but the machines are a microscopic one nanometer long. (For comparison, a strand of human DNA is 2.5 nanometers in diameter.) At that scale, the probes can be powered by hydrogen atoms – abundant in space – and replicate themselves in just a few years. At that rate, Osmanov estimates a mere 100 nanoprobes launched into space would need only four light years to create – they would create 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 or 10 to the 33rd power (a decillion) offspring. (Take that, Duggar family!)
While one nanoprobe would be nearly impossible to find, a decillion of them might be easier, especially when feeding on hydrogen atoms. That act would result in emissions that could be luminous, especially to someone looking right at them. At that size and with the right density, Osmanov speculates that the cloud of nanoprobes emitting hydrogen farts could look like a comet. And the place with the highest probability of such a mass gathering would be in interstellar clouds containing a lot of hydrogen atoms. Or perhaps in a zeppelin?
Enrico Fermi
“All the aforementioned results indicate that if one detects a strange object with extremely high values of luminosity increment, that might be a good sign to place the object in the list of extraterrestrial Von-Neumann probe candidates.”
So, if you look at an interstellar cloud and see a luminous object about the size of a comet, it just might be a swarm of alien nanoprobes on their way to Earth. And if you see a smaller luminous blob inside of a hydrogen-filled zeppelin, they may already be here.
Osmanov’s theory is certainly possible and plausible. The real question is … what would Fermi and Von Neumann think?
Are they laughing, crying … or scheming up ways to come back and see what’s next?
AFPBeeld ter illustratie, NASA wil een rover naar de zuidpool van de maan sturen om er water te zoeken.
WETENSCHAP Het Amerikaanse ruimtevaartagentschap NASA wil een “rover” (een rijdende robot) naar de zuidpool van de maan sturen om er water te zoeken. Dat heeft NASA-baas Jim Bridestine vandaag gezegd. Bedoeling is om uit te zoeken of het water dat op de maan aanwezig is, zou kunnen dienen als drinkwater voor astronauten en om er brandstof van te maken.
De mobiele robot VIPER (Volatiles Investigating Polar Exploration Rover) zou in 2022 moeten arriveren op de maan. “VIPER gaat rondrijden op de zuidpool van de maan en zal uitzoeken waar het ijswater is”, aldus Bridestine op de laatste dag van het International Austronautical Congress in Washington. “We gaan het water kunnen analyseren en er uiteindelijk naar boren.”
NASA hoopt dat de gegevens over hoeveel water er aanwezig is kunnen helpen om de ambitie van het agentschap waar te maken om een langdurige en duurzame menselijke aanwezigheid op de maan mogelijk te maken. NASA wil tegen 2024 twee astronauten naar de zuidpool van de maan sturen. De bedoeling is dat ze er 6,5 dagen buiten hun maanlander werken.
De VIPER zal ongeveer honderd dagen aan data verzamelen, die zullen dienen voor de eerste globale watervoorraadkaarten van de maan. De robot heeft instrumenten mee die waterstof en zuurstof kunnen opsporen, de basiscomponenten van water die afgescheiden kunnen worden om er brandstof van te maken voor een toekomstige vloot van commerciële maanlanceringsvoertuigen.
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EEN DRUKTE VAN BELANG BIJ BUITENAARDSE BASIS IN MEXICO
EEN DRUKTE VAN BELANG BIJ BUITENAARDSE BASIS IN MEXICO
Al jarenlang duiken er beelden op van ufo's die aankomen of vertrekken bij hun basis in Mexico.
Zo ook nu komt er weer een ruimteschip aan bij de basis die zich volgens ufologen diep onder de Popocatépetl vulkaan bevindt.
Als het gaat over ufo's en buitenaardsen is voorzichtigheid geboden. Dit omdat inmiddels ook de aardbewoners beschikken over ruimtevoertuigen die afgeleid zijn van buit gemaakte buitenaardse versies. In die zin is een oproep voor aanstaande 30 oktober van US Air Force Academy boeiend want de afbeelding bij de oproep wekt verwachtingen.
Als je dan ook een vreemd object in de lucht ziet, weet je eigenlijk nooit met zekerheid de herkomst ervan.
Echter, wanneer we spreken over ufo's die bij de Mexicaanse vulkaan Popocatepétl op regelmatige basis worden gesignaleerd, dan nemen we eigenlijk aan dat het hier gaat om buitenaardsen. Dit ook omdat er al sinds mensenheugenis verhalen de ronde doen over een buitenaardse basis, diep onder deze vulkaan en ufologen ervan overtuigd zijn dat er zich zo'n 4 tot 6 kilometer onder de grond een buitenaardse basis bevindt.
Maar, echt zeker weten doen we het niet, maar wat we wel zeker weten is dat er al jarenlang onbekende vliegende objecten worden waargenomen bij deze vulkaan en dat niet alleen, je ziet ze gewoon de vulkaan binnenvliegen.
De meeste opnames zijn echt, simpelweg omdat ze zijn gemaakt door webcams, zoals de volgende enkele dagen geleden. We kwamen deze opname tegen bij Scott Waring, één van de ufologen die er 100 procent van overtuigd is dat we hier te maken hebben met een ondergrondse basis.
De opname is op 20 oktober 2019 gemaakt door een webcam en je ziet een object de vulkaan naderen en vervolgens naar binnen verdwijnen.
De meest spectaculaire ufo die is waargenomen bij deze vulkaan is die in het najaar van 2012. Toen verscheen er een cilindervormige ufo die met grote snelheid in de krater verdween en ook die opname was echt, gemaakt door webcams en werd zelfs uitgebreid op de Mexicaanse televisie vertoond.
Onderstaande afbeelding is afkomstig van de weerradar van Intellicast van 27 oktober, de dag dat een Ufo de vulkaan Popocatepetl in vloog. Het beeld bleef de hele dag online tot en met 28 oktober.
Hier zie je heel duidelijk de vorm van de vortex.
Het centrum van de vortex ligt precies op de plaats waar de vulkaan zich bevindt. Dit toeval lijkt ons te groot om geen verband te hebben met de Ufo die op datzelfde moment de vulkaan binnenvloog.
Wetenschappers hebben nog steeds geen idee en eennieuwsbericht van Televisa, het station wat de opname heeft gemaakt, laat weten dat men heeft uitgerekend dat de snelheid waarmee het object naar binnenvloog, groter was dan die van een vliegtuig.
Ufologen wereldwijd zijn van mening dat het óf een basis betreft in de vulkaan, vergelijkbaar met de basis van Marconi in de Andes, óf dat het een ingang betreft naar de Holle Aarde. Een combinatie van beiden zou ook nog een mogelijkheid zijn.
Dit gebeurt allemaal ook op onze planeet en krijgt in de mainstream verslaggeving geen enkele aandacht.
Alien Abductee Reveals What Really Happened At Devil's Den State Park
Alien Abductee Reveals What Really Happened At Devil's Den State Park
Incident at Devils Den is a true story by former Assistant Attorney General Terry Lovelace, who was taken by Aliens on a camping trip. In 2012 an anomalous bit of metal the size of a fingernail was discovered on a routine x-ray following a fall.
I’ve been a devoted runner for most of my life. I began running in earnest when I left the military in late 1979. I didn’t run marathons, but I was devoted to three or four miles a day. Soon I noticed something odd. At about the two-mile mark in my run a spot on my right leg went completely numb. It was just above my knee and only about an inch in diameter. With a pin I could define its edges as perfectly round. Less than an hour after my run the sensation returned. I mentioned it to my doctor who blew it off and suggested I do the same. I dubbed it my “numb spot” and never gave it a second thought. That was until October 22, 2012 when a fall landed me in an emergency room.
An X-ray of my leg above the knee discovered an anomalous bit of metal. The radiologist was sure it was a manmade object about the size of a fingernail with two wires attached. He pointed out it resembled an “RIFD compute device.” He also noticed a collection of foreign objects below in my calf muscle. He insisted on examining my leg for scar tissue, insisting the only way these objects could become embedded in my leg would have required an incision. He said, “It’s impossible to breach the integrity of the skin without leaving a scar.” There is no scar. I asked, “Doctor, how often do you find a foreign body underneath the skin without a corresponding scar?” He thought for a moment. “Never,” he replied. “I’ve been a radiologist for 23 years and I’ve never seen it before.” He said it was “disturbing.”
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26-10-2019
FAA say mysterious canister that fell from the sky and crashed through the wall of a Kentucky home did NOT come from an airplane, as railway operator and military also deny knowledge of it
FAA say mysterious canister that fell from the sky and crashed through the wall of a Kentucky home did NOT come from an airplane, as railway operator and military also deny knowledge of it
FAA says a mysterious object that damaged a mobile home wasn't from a plane
The heavy foot-long canister hit the home of Tommy Woosley in Burgin, Kentucky, 75 miles southeast of Louisville, two weeks ago
Military, railway and aviation bosses all say the item did not come from them
The FAA is turning the object over to the Mercer County Sheriff's Office for further investigation
The Federal Aviation Administration says a mysterious object that seemingly dropped from the sky and damaged a Kentucky man's mobile home didn't come from an airplane.
Tommy Woosley says a heavy, nearly foot-long canister-type object hit his home in Burgin, about 75 miles southeast of Louisville, two weeks ago.
But the FAA and Norfolk Southern Railway say their transportation units have nothing to do with the object that lodged into the siding of his house.
The FAA says this mysterious object that damaged a mobile home wasn't from a plane
Tommy Woosley says a heavy nearly foot-long canister-type object hit his home two weeks ago
In a statement, a Norfolk Southern spokesperson said the railroad company confirmed that the damage to Woosley's home 'was not caused by part of a Norfolk Southern engine or any (Norfolk Southern) device. Norfolk Southern was not involved.'
The National Guard and nearby Fort Campbell military base which are some 220 miles away have also denied responsibility.
'We expect to return the object to the Mercer County Sheriff's Office for further investigation and will close our inquiry into this matter,' FAA spokeswoman Kathleen Bergen said in a statement to WKYT.
The home left quite the dent in the side of his home ripping apart some of the metal
Military, railway and aviation bosses all say the item did not come from them
Woosley is completely puzzled as to where the object came from and nobody seems to know
Authorities initially believed the canister may have fallen from a plane, but an FAA spokeswoman told The Courier Journal their investigation has ruled it out and 'determined that the object is not an aviation part.'
She says the agency is turning the object over to the Mercer County Sheriff's Office for further investigation.
'Seems to me that they should be able to trace the bar code on this thing to see where it came from,' Woosley told the Journal.
Woosley had admitted to the newspaper that he going to be speaking with someone who 'claims to know exactly where the object came from.'
The speed and impact the object hit the home saw it made a dent in the side of the wall
Some of the paint chipped and the plaster cracked from where the object smashed into the home
A mysterious object believed to have fallen from the sky has damaged a persons mobile home. The object found stuck in the wall has unusual writing on it and a bar code. So it may possible be a canister of some kind...maybe compressed air. The object is 2 inches round and 10 inches long and very heavy for its size. The FAA, Railroad company and Fort Cambell all indicated that the foreign object was not theirs.
Although objects from space like meteorites are unusually heavy due to metal content, this object looks to be an unexploded rocket launcher grenade. The ID of the object is on the side, alone with the tail that looks similar and the nose. Hopefully this object doesn't explode while they are examining it. So...until they read that bar code or read that unusual language on it...its still an unknown. Could it be from a UFO...yeah of course it could, since the FAA and others say its nothing to do with them. Scott C. Waring
I found this UFO in a photo of our sun and it has three layers. The detail is great. You can clearly see a lot of right angles to the spaceship. Also you see some smaller ships tagging behind for safety. This ship is heading directly toward our sun. So why is it heading there? Probably because aliens found a way to use the interior of the sun itself...hollow sun theory. Or perhaps they are harvesting a ultra rare particle that is created by our sun. This ship is huge. Think moon size.
Ancient City Found On Mars, 100% Proof Of Intelligent Life, UFO Sighting News.
Ancient City Found On Mars, 100% Proof Of Intelligent Life, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: Oct 2019
Location of discovery: Mars
Source: google Mars map 8°45'15.46"N 1° 4'55.38"W
Here are some pyramid like structures on Mars. There are over two dozen of them and it looks like it might have been an ancient city long ago. The edges of the structure are absolutely perfect. This incredible attention to detail could only be attained by intelligent design. These structures are absolute proof that aliens not only lived on Mars, but thrived in bustling cities such as this.
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Weird glowing UFO fixed above the moon captured by sky-watcher
Weird glowing UFO fixed above the moon captured by sky-watcher
Aweird glowing UFO emitting pulsating lights has been filmed by a sky-watcher in England. While filming the UFO the camera battery was drained and switched off, and although it is not the first time batteries have switched off during a UFO encounter, there is no explanation for it.
Sky-watcher:
I captured video of this strange glowing object fixed above the moon over SW London England in October, 2019. As I was filming the object my cameras battery was drained and it switched off. By the time I got the camera switched back on the object vanished. To my surprise the camera still had a full battery.
The weather peddler claims to have found buyers for his technology, although none of have gone on the record with verifiable claims.
Australia has been suffering through a serious drought since 2017. The entire country has been hit by the lack of rainfall, including the southeastern state of Victoria, Australia's largest agriculture producer with around 77,000 people working in the field. Recently, the state's government has offered $31 million for drought-affected farmers.
"It won't make it rain, no drought package can do that," state Premier Daniel Andrews said at the time.
But that's exactly what a company called Miles Research is promising. The company offers three-month "rain contracts" to farmers for $50,000, or around $33,800 USD.
“It’s preying on people’s desperation,” Australian Competition and Consumer Commission deputy chairman Mick Keogh told ABC Radio, admitting the government can't do much to stop people from hiring the man behind the company, David Miles.
“If you wanted to prosecute, a court requires you to prove essentially that there’s no basis for the claims being made and that is a very difficult thing to do," Keogh said. "By far the very best defense against them is widespread consumer education. It’s up to individuals obviously to make their own mind up. If it sounds too good to be true, it probably is.”
So what kind of technology is Miles peddling? It isn't exactly clear. The company doesn't actually mention on its website what it's doing to create more rain in Victoria; it just claims it's responsible for increased rainfall in a region of the state called Wimmera in July and August 2018. The Australian government notes high rainfall in part of Wimmera in August at the time, but calls the July rainfall average.
Miles Research also claims it would increase rainfall in the state of New South Wales, although no further information is available on that claim. While we don't have many tech specs, we do have an origin story:
It was in the late 1990’s that [Miles] realized that it was possible to incrementally influence weather patterns using a variant of the Einstein - Rosen Bridge hypothesized in the 1930's, to effectively create a bridge between ‘the present’ in the physical space-time continuum, and a near-future event, forecast to exist from one to ten days ahead in time. The necessary targeting profile of the predicted event is created using meteorological forecast data and high-resolution supercomputing.
You're probably wondering ... what?
Einstein-Rosen Bridges, still hypothetical in science, are also commonly known as wormholes. Miles claims he has gained the ability to somehow "configure" a wormhole, enter it, and then alter the weather in the future. Theoretical scientists have speculated about warping space-time in one way or another, but many believe it would take approximately all energy within the known universe to do so.
Miles Research then goes on to claim credit for secretly ending a variety of droughts in Australia from the 1990s onward.
The company also referenced something called “electromagnetic scalar waves” on its website, but took down the language after ABC Radio contacted University of Melbourne associate professor of physics Martin Sevior, who told them “electromagnetic scalar waves don’t exist. There’s no such thing. He’s taken a few words and put them together and made them sound somewhat scientific but it’s meaningless.”
Miles says he has a “small, private group” of farmer clients. One anonymous client spoke to ABC Radio favorably, saying, “I got involved because it sounded good, the fact you can control weather, because as a farmer rainfall is everything." The anonymous client makes no mention of any actual rain benefits they have received.
There have been many efforts to try and artificially create rainfall over the years, mostly through something called cloud seeding. Though both the South Korean and Chinese governments have tried the technique of seeding clouds with certain chemicals in order to create rain for years, there is little proof that it has actually worked.
Weird star wiggles could betray the presence of wormholes, if these fabled space-time tunnels do indeed exist, a new study suggests.
Wormholes are sci-fi staples; over the years, many stories, books and movies have sent their protagonists zipping between widely separated locales via these cosmic shortcuts. Wormholes are possible, according to Einstein's general theory of relativity, but nobody has ever spotted one.
The new study provides a possible way to make the first tentative detection: look for slight but strange movements of stars.
"If you have two stars, one on each side of the wormhole, the star on our side should feel the gravitational influence of the star that's on the other side," study co-author Dejan Stojkovic, a cosmologist and professor of physics at the University at Buffalo in New York, said in a statement. "The gravitational flux will go through the wormhole."
Wormholes require extreme warping of space-time, which in turn depends on very powerful gravitational forces. So, a good place to hunt for these theoretical tunnel is near the supermassive black holes that lurk at the cores of galaxies — such as Sagittarius A* (pronounced A-star), the four-million-solar-mass behemoth in our own Milky Way, Stojkovic said.
"So if you map the expected orbit of a star around Sagittarius A*, you should see deviations from that orbit if there is a wormhole there with a star on the other side," he said.
Current observing techniques likely aren't sensitive enough to make such a detection at the moment, he added. But it may be possible to do so in the next decade or two with advances in instrumentation as well as long-term monitoring of appropriate target stars, such as S2, which circles near Sagittarius A*.
Don't get too excited, however; such a detection, if astronomers ever manage to make one, is unlikely to be a slam dunk.
"When we reach the precision needed in our observations, we may be able to say that a wormhole is the most likely explanation if we detect perturbations in the orbit of S2," Stojkovic said. "But we cannot say that, 'Yes, this is definitely a wormhole.' There could be some other explanation, something else on our side perturbing the motion of this star."
And there's some more bad news on the space-exploration side: Wormhole travel will probably remain a mere sci-fi dream for a very long time, if not forever, Stojkovic said.
"Even if a wormhole is traversable, people and spaceships most likely aren't going to be passing through," he said. "Realistically, you would need a source of negative energy to keep the wormhole open, and we don't know how to do that. To create a huge wormhole that's stable, you need some magic."
The new study, which was led by De-Chang Dai of Yangzhou University in China and Case Western Reserve University in Ohio, was published earlier this month in the journal Physical Review D.
Mike Wall's book about the search for alien life, "Out There" (Grand Central Publishing, 2018; illustrated byKarl Tate), is out now. Follow him on Twitter @michaeldwall. Follow us on Twitter@Spacedotcom orFacebook.
Astronomers love a hot mess — at least when it can tell them more about how solar systems work.
When scientists studied a star system called BD +20 307 a decade ago, they saw a lot of warm dust. And when they checked in on the neighborhood again using SOFIA, an airplane-based telescope run by NASA and its German counterpart, scientists saw even more warm dust. That could be a sign that astronomers are seeing the residue of a fairly recent dustup.
"This is a rare opportunity to study catastrophic collisions occurring late in a planetary system's history," Alycia Weinberger, a staff scientist at the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, D.C., and the lead investigator on the project, said in a NASA statement. "The SOFIA observations show changes in the dusty disk on a timescale of only a few years."
Scientists know that giant impacts play an important role in shaping planetary systems. Close to home, astronomers believe that the moon formed during just such an impact. But that collision took place a long, long time ago, and scientists have to piece together the story of what happened from scattered clues.
That's just as well. It's better to watch such dynamics unfold in real time from afar because it would be awfully disruptive to try studying such an event nearby. Although dust isn't necessarily caused by collisions, warm dust should disperse and cool as a solar system ages. This distant solar system, about 300 light-years away, is located in a region full of stars at least a billion years old, which means birth debris should have cooled by now, according to the NASA statement.
And there aren't many events that should cause warm dust over as short a time frame (cosmically) as the scientists' observations of this star. That's why it's likely a planetary collision that's causing the mess, the research team said.
The research is described in a paper published April 12 in The Astrophysical Journal; you can also read a copy posted to the preprint server arXiv.org.
Editor's note: This story has been updated to clarify the age of the star the solar system surrounds. Email Meghan Bartels at mbartels@space.com or follow her @meghanbartels. Follow uson Twitter @Spacedotcom and on Facebook
The surface of Venus is covered in hundred-meter volcanic mountains made of crystals, and scientists think they finally figured out how they formed.
The crystals, which form as mushy liquid deep underground and get squeezed through the surface, resemble tiny crystalline structures found here on Earth in Cyprus, New Scientist reports. Scientists from the University of Edinburgh suspect that these crystals are able to reach the surface and form mountains as the result of tectonic activity, and they hope that future missions to our planetary neighbor will be able to investigate further.
Squeezing Out
The idea is that the crystals form underground through the same process as lava, except it ends up being thicker and mushier. So when a volcano erupts, the crystals get left behind in large deposits that accumulate and eventually press out through the surface, according to research published in the journal Icarus — like a magnificent, sparkly pimple.
While magma flows away, the crystals stick together to form tall, steep structures on the planet’s surface.
“If you poured olive oil onto the table it would just flow away and run all over the table and you’d still have a flat surface,” Edinburgh researcher Geoffrey Bromily told New Scientist, illustrating the differences between the volcanoes. “If you poured something a lot thicker, like peanut butter, that would stay there and form a dome on the table.”
Lost Ancient Metropolises Abandoned, Forgotten, or Hidden by the Sands of Time
Lost Ancient Metropolises Abandoned, Forgotten, or Hidden by the Sands of Time
All these magnificent cities were widely considered as the most mysterious lost places on earth. They were later rediscovered, either by chance or by the sheer determination of archaeologists and historians.
They show that even when you think there is nothing left to discover, there are many ruins lying just beneath the surface awaiting rediscovery. With so many deserts, forests, islands, and caves (as well as most of the ocean floor) just waiting for us to explore and with extraordinary advances in radar technology, we have to wonder what else we will be found in the near future.
Lost Ancient Metropolises Abandoned, Forgotten, or Hidden by The Sands of Time presented by DTTV Archaeology Answers
Sometimes the introduction of a news report will stop you in your tracks, forcing you to reread in fear you didn't quite grasp its point the first time. That was certainly the case when Mail Online published a story on Mar. 21, 2017: "An alien satellite set up more than 12,000 years ago to spy on humans has been shot down by elite soldiers from the illuminati, UFO hunters claim."
And with that, the conspiracy surrounding the so-called "Black Knight" satellite appeared to be very much alive.
It's been 120 years since conspiracists believed the existence of the Black Knight was recorded. Those who subscribe to the theory lay claim of an extraterrestrial spacecraft in near-polar orbit of the Earth, although they draw upon evidence so disparate that it's not entirely clear why people link them. What they amount to, however, is an intriguing set of ingredients that, taken together, cause people to scream loud about potential cover-ups by NASA and the government. In that sense, it is a legend that refuses to go away.
The photo evidence that isn't evidence
A lot of the earliest discoveries that have come to be linked to the Black Knight satellite theory relate to radio signals. But a series of images from 1998 emerged that really threw the celestial cat among the pigeons. They were taken during STS-88, which was the first Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS).
There, for all to see, were images released by NASA that showed a black object hovering above the Earth in low orbit. And it wasn't long after the images were thrust in front of a hopeful public before people were performing some conspiratorial sums and sharing them with the wider world.
By way of explanation, astronaut Jerry Ross pointed out that the ISS was in the midst of being constructed when the images were taken. The U.S. team, he said, was on its way to attach the American module to the one created by the Russians and, as part of that work, they had taken four trunnion pin thermal covers with them. The task was to wrap these around four bare trunnion pins, these being rods that attached the module to the shuttle while it was being transported. This would act to prevent heat loss from the exposed metal.
The photo snapped by astronauts during Space Shuttle mission STS-88 in 1998.
(Image credit: NASA)
Unfortunately, during one of the extravehicular activities (EVA) things went a little bit wrong and one of the covers came loose from its tether, causing it to float away along with some other items. "Jerry, one of the thermal covers got away from you," said commander Robert Cabana, and it soon became apparent that they wouldn't be getting it back.
Subsequently captured on camera, this black object was given the object number 025570 by NASA, and a few days later the object fell from orbit and burned up. Far from being an extraterrestrial object, the black item floating in space was nothing more than a blanket.
Much of this has been placed on the record. Former NASA space engineer James Oberg, who personally knows Ross and the person who took the photos, Sergei Krikalev, has gone to great lengths to show that these supposed images of the Black Knight have less fanciful origins.
The International Space Station (ISS) was in the process of being constructed when astronauts spotted the Black Knight.
(Image credit: NASA)
"Before leaving NASA I led the trajectory design team that produced the mission profile," Oberg told All About Space. "Every step of the way there is consistency with what I learned as a lifelong spaceflight operations specialist: why the blankets were needed, why one of them came loose, why it floated off the way it did. The difference is, for the general public all these features are unearthly to folks who are only familiar with Earthside principles of heating, working, motion and dozens of other never-before-encountered-in-history aspects of outer space."
Given Oberg's debunking you'd think the matter would have drawn to a close. But no. Since the images were shared far and wide, conspiracy theories have continued.
"They are probably some of the weirdest-looking 70 mm photos to ever come out of the space shuttle program," Oberg said. “And apparently a NASA website update made the original links inoperative, sparking concerns over a cover-up. All normal journalistic practices — determining the timeline, asking witnesses, searching for the wider context — were skipped."
The Black Knight is likely to be debris left over from extravehicular activity (EVA).
(Image credit: Future/Adrian Mann)
Historical evidence that also isn't evidence
By absorbing the images into a growing body of "evidence," they were seen as definite proof that the Black Knight alien satellite really was out there. Reaching that conclusion, however, has required greats leaps of faith, and has also needed past discoveries to be forced into the overall story. Firm believers have had no problems going right back to 1899 in pursuit of such "truth" but, just like the photographic records, each piece of supposed evidence brought to the table so far has been explained away without falling back on the Black Knight myth.
So what happened in 1899? That year Nikola Tesla began to record some very odd signals, seemingly from outer space. The accomplished Serbian-American electrical engineer had a passion for wireless technology, and he was in the early throes of an experimental wireless transmission station called Wardenclyffe Tower in Shoreham, New York. While in his barn-like laboratory in Colorado Springs, he noted the unusual signals and speculated they had come from another planet, a claim greeted with disbelief and scepticism.
"The very first source of non-terrestrial radio waves was discovered in the 1930s, and that was from the centre of our galaxy, which is the most powerful radio source in the sky at many frequencies," NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory scientist Varoujan Gorjian explained. "It wasn’t until the 1960s that the technology evolved to detect the first pulsars. If what Tesla detected was a real signal and not an artefact of his instrument, it most likely came from Earth."
So why does talk of the Black Knight persist?
People continued to use Tesla's findings to bolster claims for the Black Knight. They also took on board the work of a Norwegian engineer called Jørgen Hals, who found that radio signals he transmitted were being echoed back to him a few seconds later. We now know these as long delayed echoes, and Hals was the first person to observe them.
The fact that we don't have a confirmed explanation of their cause, however, has been seized upon: In 1973, Duncan Lunan wrote an article in Spaceflight magazine suggesting those studying long delayed echoes had overlooked the possibility they were sent by an alien space probe.
Lunan still has faith in an extraterrestrial explanation for the recordings. "The changes in the long distance echo patterns in apparent response to changes in the outgoing signals from Earth really do look like the responses of a Bracewell probe, and there is still no satisfactory natural explanation for the phenomenon," Lunan said. If the long distance echoes were deliberately produced by a probe, there's a problem in that they stopped in 1975.
"If a probe was monitoring Earth, rather than trying to attract attention, perhaps it belatedly discovered from the 1973 to 1974 publicity that it had given away its presence in the 1920s and pulled out in 1975," Lunan said. "That's the only explanation I can see for its apparent departure."
And yet, for all of that, Lunan said his research has nothing to do with the "Black Knight nonsense." If there is a link between his theory and the Black Knight, it is not one that is being made by him.
With this summer’s revelation that the US Navy considers UFOs and “Unidentified Aerial Phenomena” (UAPs) to be real, a team of venture capitalists, university professors, and military veterans are launching a project to track UFOs off the coast of California.
UAP eXpeditions is a non-profit group based in Oregon that will “field a top-notch group of uber-experienced professionals providing the public service of field testing new UAP related technologies.” With some of the Silicon Valley UFO Hunters, UAP eXpeditions will pioneer the ability to predict, find, observe, and document UAP for study and analysis. They will use “classical observation techniques, by trained observers and scientists, while using the latest experimental technologies—in the right places and the right times,” Kevin Day, the group’s founder and CEO, wrote in a Facebook post viewed by Motherboard.
Day, who has appeared on the History Channel’s Unidentified: Inside America’s UFO Investigation and Discovery Channel’s Contact, is a retired U.S. Navy Chief Petty Officer and radar operator. Day served in the Nimitz Carrier Strike Group on the USS Princeton during the 2004 infamous “Nimitz UFO Incident” which was reported by The New York Times in December of 2017.
He recalls tracking the infamous “Tic Tac” UFOs for several days around Catalina Island off the coast of California using the USS Princeton’s advanced radar system. Now, he believes that these objects continue to operate along the same trajectory and “migrate” from Catalina Island south along the California coast.
The company’s white paper is pretty wild. It asks, “Do fleets of UAP 'migrate' from Catalina Island to Guadalupe Island with a certain frequency? And if so, how well do whale songs correlate, if at all, to UAP appearances?” It’s unclear how whale songs are relevant here, but let’s move along.
Day, who believes that his experience tracking these objects has led to some curious special abilities, such as “advanced cognition” told Motherboard that the organization is hoping to “offer technology developers a way to test their new tech at no direct cost to them.” Using state of the art cameras and other experimental monitoring devices, the idea is to put this high tech gear into the field and attempt to track unknown aerial objects off the coast of California.
Leading the team of scientists is Dr. Kevin Knuth, a former scientist with NASA’s Ames Research Center, now an associate professor of physics at the University of Albany. Knuth specializes in machine learning and the study of exoplanets. While the organization and the project is still in its infancy, Knuth told Motherboard that “the goal of the expedition is to give us some ground truth. We aim to try to observe these objects directly, and record them using multiple imaging modalities.”
Knuth explained that the project has two phases. First, the team “will obtain current satellite imagery of the area (more or less in the area of Catalina Island and southward for ~100 miles) and determine whether these anamolous objects can be observed. We will monitor these satellite images both manually and using machine learning and build up a database of detections, classifications, and any observed patterns of activity.”
If, and it's a big “if,” the satellite imagery does point to a strange concentration of unknown objects, the team will go hunt UFOs. The second step, which is slated for November 2020, is to basically park a large boat off the coast of California loaded with various cameras and sensors to detect and record anomalous aerial activity. The team has already begun negotiations to charter the MV Horizon, a small research vessel.
“We will be using tracking security cameras in the visual to infrared wavelengths with telephoto lenses, human eyes on the water with high power binoculars and spotting scopes, as well as digital SLR cameras with high power telephoto lenses ranging from 400mm - 600+mm,” Knuth told Motherboard. “We plan to have high-quality drones in the air with imaging capabilities. We are looking into IR imaging as well, as well as detectors for x-ray, gamma-ray and custom-built neutron detectors (which are designed to look for dark matter).”
Knuth presented a lecture at the Maximum Entropy and Bayesian Methods in Science and Engineering Workshop at the Max Planck Institute for Plasmaphysics in Garching Germany on determining the flight characteristics of unidentified anomalous vehicles in July 2019. His paper, which is currently waiting to be peer-reviewed, can be found online.
"This is an effort that I believe is rare and timely given current events"
Knuth explained that much is still unknown about what exactly people are reporting when it comes to UFOs.
“These are always delicate issues in any study relying on people reporting information. This includes studies in medicine, psychology, and neuroscience which rely on subject responses, sociology studies relying on surveys, and even data reported by scientists (all of whom can make mistakes or lie). The key to ensuring consistency is reproducibility and this requires additional study,” Knuth explained.
This is one of the more serious attempts to look for UFOs. It is, admittedly, a bit of a wild goose chase and will cost a boatload of cash. But the team includes some heavy hitters outside of Knuth himself. According to the organization’s white paper, Silicon Valley tech entrepreneur and MIT technologist Rizwan Virk and the Toronto-based CEO of the quantum computing company, ReactiveQ, Deep Prasad have both signed on to help with securing investment for the project.
“I am personally very excited no matter the outcome,” Prasad told Motherboard. “This is an effort that I believe is rare and timely given current events, such as the apparent increase in UAP incidents through official military channels.”
Some other individuals on the team include Sean Cahill, the former Chief Master-at-Arms who served aboard the USS Princeton during the 2004 Nimitz Incident, and optical physicist and UFO researcher Bruce Macabee.
Getting the money to pay for all this isn’t going to be easy. While Day’s team is working on grant proposals, they know that the vast majority of funding will have to be private. Renting a research vessel and acquiring the high-tech gear needed to search for UFOs is not cheap. While Day is looking at potentially crowd funding this project, he hopes that the non-profit can secure a few angel investors who are interested in funding scientific research into studying the UFO phenomenon. Day is asking for any interested parties to reach out to him via email as the group’s website is still under development.
Knuth believes it is time to start doing real scientific work on UFOs. While the study is unorthodox (especially the whale bit), so is the very real fact that unidentified aerial vehicles are tracked by the Air Force and Navy, and seem to easily evade the technological weapons apparatus maintained by the most powerful military on the planet.
“The failure to study these phenomena scientifically has resulted in a state of ignorance, which is unacceptable considering the aviation safety issues that have been reported by the US Navy,” stated Knuth.
Update: This article previously noted that Luis Elizondo would be part of this project. Though he is listed on the team's white paper, he has since said he will not participate.
Nat Geo Photographer Admits to Encountering Alien Beings Underwater
Nat Geo Photographer Admits to Encountering Alien Beings Underwater
by Inigo Monzon
Luis Lamar, an underwater director of photography for National Geographic and OceanX, says that he has encountered alien beings during his underwater assignments. “[I]n the ocean, I have come across potentially beings from another heavenly body that are more highly advanced than humans,” Lamar says in the OceanX video.
Lamar apparently claims that these advanced beings in the ocean depths come in the form of enhanced sea creatures. Says Lamar, “I’ve seen giant deep sea arachnids, venomous sea snakes far offshore with, like bright-yellow heads… Some sort of you know, hyper-advanced aquatic alien creatures inhabiting the shallow waters, which almost look like stingrays.”
A renowned photographer for National Geographic and OceanX claimed that he has encountered alien beings during his underwater assignments. According to the photographer, the beings resembled stingrays and appeared to be more advanced than humans.
The claims about the underwater aliens were made by Luis Lamar, an underwater director of photography for National Geographic and OceanX. He made the revelation through a recent video made by the latter company.
Luis Lamar
The clip, which is only about a minute and a half long, focuses on Lamar’s profile and his remarkable experience working as an underwater photographer. At the beginning of the video, Lamar immediately confessed his encounters with alien lifeforms from other planets.
“I think, in the ocean, I have come across potentially beings from another heavenly body that are more highly advanced than humans,” he said.
In another part of the video, Lamar discussed the various marine lifeforms he came across underwater. While talking about the strange marine organisms he encountered, Lamar also discussed the appearance of some of the underwater aliens that he saw.
“I’ve seen giant deep sea arachnids, venomous sea snakes far offshore with, like bright-yellow heads,” he said.
“Sharks in a frenzy, Orcas swarming all around me,” he continued. “Some sort of you know, hyper-advanced aquatic alien creatures inhabiting the shallow waters, which almost look like stingrays.”
Despite his bizarre and terrifying encounters with deep sea creatures, Lamar still considers the ocean as a very beautiful place to be in.
Claims regarding encounters with underwater aliens are not new. In January, a report was released regarding the encounters of U.S. nuclear submarines with unknown underwater objects. These were referred to as the underwater counterparts of UFOs, which are known as USOs or underwater submerged objects.
The report, which was released by The War Zone, focuses on the encounters of Navy personnel with USOs. In one of the encounters, an attack submarine was patrolling the North Atlantic when its sonar picked up an object moving fast in the water. Although the submarine’s sonar personnel were not able to classify what the object was, they noted that it was moving at a speed of several hundred knots.
Where can we expect to find life beyond Earth? A new study has redefined the lower limit in mass for habitable exoworlds. It suggests that low-mass waterworlds might exist and might be a place to look.
The habitable zone as traditionally understood. New findings suggest that rocky planets smaller than Earth might still have liquid water, even if they’re somewhat outside a star’s primary habitable zone.
What makes a planet potentially habitable? Life as we know it requires liquid water, among other factors. And it makes sense that larger rocky planets, like Earth, can maintain their liquid water – and their atmospheres – more easily than very small planets, whose gravity is weaker. But now, scientists from Harvard University have found that even very small rocky exoplanets, orbiting other stars, might still hold onto their water, boosting their chances for habitability. This finding expands on the traditional view of a star’s habitable zone, the zone around a star where temperatures are just right, allowing liquid water to exist.
The new peer-reviewed results were first published in The Astrophysical Journal on August 13, 2019.
If you don’t mind a bit of jargon, consider it this way. This new research redefines the lower limit in mass for potentially habitable exoplanets. Mass is simply the amount of matter a body contains. This new definition extends what we can think of as a habitable zone for small, low-mass and (because gravity depends on mass) low-gravity exoplanets.
How small is too small? The critical boundary point seems to be about 2.7 percent of the mass of Earth. Any planets less massive than that would lose their atmospheres to space before liquid water could form on their surfaces, and any water that might be present would vaporize or freeze. For comparison, the moon is 1.2 percent of Earth’s mass and Mercury is 5.53 percent.
When people think about the inner and outer edges of the habitable zone, they tend to only think about it spatially, meaning how close the planet is to the star. But actually, there are many other variables to habitability, including [a planet’s] mass.
Setting a lower bound for habitability in terms of planet size gives us an important constraint in our ongoing hunt for habitable exoplanets and exomoons.
Low-mass waterworlds are a fascinating possibility in the search for life, and this paper shows just how different their behavior is likely to be compared to that of Earth-like planets. Once observations for this class of objects become possible, it’s going to be exciting to try to test these predictions directly.
Graphic depicting the new lower size limit for smaller rocky exoplanets. Very small planets – at least larger than only 2.7% of the mass of Earth – could maintain liquid water (depending on other factors), according to this new work, while planets smaller than that limit would have their water escape to space or freeze.
According to traditional thinking about habitable zones, if a planet is too close to its star, a runaway greenhouse effect might occur, resulting in the planet losing all its water. This might happen even at the inner edge of a star’s habitable zone. Venus is often mentioned as an example of this process in our own solar system; it might once have had an ocean, but a runaway greenhouse effect occurred, leaving Venus dry as a bone and hot enough on its surface to melt lead.
According to its authors, the new study:
… sheds light on the important process of atmospheric evolution on small planets.
In other words, their work suggests that – for small exoplanets that are not too small – something interesting occurs as one of these planets, even if it is on the edge of its star’s habitable zone, begins to warm due to the greenhouse effect. In conditions of a warming atmosphere, on a low-mass world with relatively weak gravity the exoplanet’s atmosphere expands outward, becoming larger and larger relative to the size of the planet. This has the effect of increasing both the absorption and radiation of heat from the star, allowing the planet to achieve a kind of balance, maintaining a stable temperature. In this way, the atmospheric expansion might prevent small, low-gravity planets from experiencing a runaway greenhouse effect. Instead, they might be able to maintain their surface liquid water, even on the inner edge of the habitable zone, in relatively close proximity to their stars.
It’s also interesting to note that these findings, according to the researchers, appear to apply to both G-type sun-like stars as well as M-type red dwarf stars.
Smaller, cooler red dwarfs are the most common stars in our galaxy, so that in itself would increase the chances of finding more habitable worlds.
Jupiter’s icy ocean moon Europa as seen by Galileo in the late 1990s. The researchers wondered if these kinds of small icy moons could be habitable on the surface if they were closer to the sun, but the new study suggests they would be too small.
Image via NASA/JPL-Caltech/SETI Institute/Europa Clipper.
The researchers also used their findings to figure out a question regarding certain moons in our solar system. Scientists had wondered if Jupiter’s icy moons Europa, Ganymede and Callisto could become habitable on the surface if they were closer to the sun, especially since they all have subsurface oceans beneath their ice crusts. The answer, though, seems to be no, as they are too small.
Although there is still a limit as to how small a planet can be and still be habitable, this new study shows that there could still be many more such worlds – smaller than Earth, but habitable, with liquid water – than previously thought. This bodes well in the search for life beyond our solar system.
Artist’s concept of one of the rocky worlds orbiting the TRAPPIST-1 red dwarf star, with possible liquid water on the surface. A new study says that smaller rocky planets could have a better chance of holding on to their water than previously thought.
Bottom line: A new study has found that small exoplanets have a better chance of holding on to their water than previously thought, increasing the chances that some of them could be habitable.
Eindelijk denken wetenschappers te snappen waarom liefst driekwart van alle soorten op aarde het loodje legde
Eindelijk denken wetenschappers te snappen waarom liefst driekwart van alle soorten op aarde het loodje legde
De Mauna Loa- vulkaan op Hawaï -
Beeld Reuters
Eindelijk denken wetenschappers te snappen hoe het precies kwam dat 202 miljoen jaar geleden liefst driekwart van alle soorten op aarde het loodje legde. Het leven moet zijn getroffen door een verschrikkelijke apocalyptische cocktail van vulkaanrook en kwikvergiftiging ineen.ikvergiftiging ineen.
Destijds, aan het einde van het Trias-tijdperk, scheurden de Amerika’s zich los van Europa en Afrika, waardoor de aardkorst openbarstte en er honderdduizenden jaren achtereen vulkaanrook omhoog wolkte. Dat moet de dampkring hebben verpest, de oceanen hebben vergiftigd en het klimaat op hol hebben gebracht, wisten onderzoekers al. Maar naar nu blijkt was er nog iets: de vulkanen vergiftigden de aarde met kwik, een element dat het DNA beschadigt.
“Dit was niet één klap. Waarschijnlijk ging het in pulsen, waarbij het ecosysteem dreun na dreun kreeg”, vertelt de Utrechtse aardwetenschapper Bas van de Schootbrugge, een van de deelnemers aan het onderzoek. “En bij elke klap krijg je zaden die minder levensvatbaar zijn, individuen die minder nageslacht krijgen, soorten die het zwaar krijgen. Een aanslag op het leven.”
MONSTERS
Het team baseert zich op oude sporen (zaadjes) van varens uit die tijd, opgeboord uit de grond van Denemarken en Noord-Duitsland. Die zijn opvallend vaak misvormd: bewijs dat iets hun ontwikkeling verstoorde. Of er ook letterlijk monsters door de bossen strompelden, zoals je bij een fatsoenlijke apocalyps mag verwachten, is onduidelijk. “We hebben nog veel vragen over de biologie hierachter”, zegt Van de Schootbrugge. Wél is het voor het eerst dat onderzoekers het verband leggen tussen vulkanisme en de aantasting van levende wezens overal op aarde.
Mismaakte zaadjes van prehistorische varens.Beeld GEUS
ZWAAR GIFTIG
Van de Schootbrugge wijst erop dat kwikvergiftiging ook een nieuw licht werpt op andere prehistorische uitsterframpen. Liefst drie andere massa-extincties vonden plaats tegelijk met extreem vulkanisme. De ergste keer was 251 miljoen jaar geleden, toen een Russische megavulkaan miljoenen jaren lang de boel op stelten zette. In zee verdween toen tot liefst 95 procent van alle soorten. “Ik denk dat kwik ook daarbij heeft meegespeeld”, zegt Van de Schootbrugge.
Former NSA employee Edward Snowden stated, "there are probably aliens." And then went on to say, “I went looking on the network, right,” he said on Wednesday's episode. “I couldn’t find anything. If it’s hidden, and it could be hidden, it’s hidden really damn well, especially for people on the inside.” So even a former employee of the NSA believes intelligent aliens to be real, yet he was never deep enough into the network to actually find such evidence. Its not as if every single NSA and CIA and NASA agent knows about them and have seen the files. I would estimate that 1 out of 1,000 employees have actually worked with or had access to those files. For example as of 2019, NASA employees 17,219 employees. That means 17 people at NASA actually have knowledge and access to information of intelligent alien life. So...yeah...its a bit hard to get to that inner circle. But the day will come, when one of the inner circle will reveal the truth to the public. Scott C. Waring
300 Meter UFO Recorded On Live Cam Over Mexico Volcano, Oct 2019, UFO Sighting News.
300 Meter UFO Recorded On Live Cam Over Mexico Volcano, Oct 2019, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Oct 24, 2019
Location of sighting: Iztaccihuati, Mexico
This UFO was seen on live Internet cam over the mouth of the volcano Iztaccihuati. Mexico volcanos are notorious for its UFO sightings and UFOs are seen around it weekly. This object was only visible for two minutes, but you can easily make out its rectangle shape. The object hovered over the mouth of the volcano to either enter or it had just left the underground base. This volcano hasn't erupted since 1889. The alien base is about 4-6km below the base of the volcano. The mouth of the volcano is about 500 meters across, making this UFO 300 meters long.
UFO Caught Near Moon Over Germany, Oct 23, 2019, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Caught Near Moon Over Germany, Oct 23, 2019, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Oct 23, 2019
Location of sighting: Duisburg, Germany
Source: MUFON #104137
This eyewitness was casually taking photos of the moon and accidentally caught a UFO passing the location. The UFO Is moving so fast that you can actually see six of it in the photo. Its speed is beyond anything todays technology has. The object has no visible wings, engines, trails or windows. Only an alien craft could move that fast.
Scott C. Waring
Eyewitness states:
I was photographing the morning Moon, and after I returned home, I looked at the Photo and then I saw that I had photographed a UFO.
Two UFOs Battle at Each Other in Australian Sky, Locals Claim
Two UFOs Battle at Each Other in Australian Sky, Locals Claim
While many UFO sightings involve spotting circles and dots in the sky, Australians Rob and Phil Tindale insist they witnessed a fight and subsequent crash as children. Although their encounter dates back to 1980, they don’t believe they saw anything else but aliens.
They firmly believe they saw two UFOs in the sky outside their Adelaide Hills home nearly 40 years ago, when they were just ten years old. They claimed to have spotted a bright yellow object and a red light thing.
According to the brothers, they spotted the first one over the tree line at the end of the valley from the ground before the appearance of a red one that tried to charge at the yellow UFO. Eventually, the yellow craft sped off at extreme speed to their right and vanished behind the hill. The mysterious red object had also gone, but they were not sure if it followed the yellow object or simply left.
They heard no engine noise in the area that was less populated and sparsely treed.
The pair woke their parents up, but they did not do anything and sent them back to bed. However, their grandmother read an article in their local paper titled “Aussie Sure UFO Damaged Trees,” talking about an alleged spacecraft crashing on the same night when they witnessed the bizarre aerial battle.
Reporting the crash was Daryl Browne, who claimed to have heard a tree creaking and groaning. He said that he saw an eight-metre yellow aircraft when he approached the site and called the police. However, the object was gone by the time he and authorities had got there, leaving no traces but damages.
An image of what is believed to be Norton's original 1977 artifact.
Image Credit: Paul Dale Roberts
The object reportedly matches a similar item that CSM James Norton allegedly found at a UFO crash site.
This story comes courtesy of paranormal investigator Paul Dale Roberts of HPI Paranormal in Sacaramento who recently received a call from a woman named Stephanie Fuller.
She claimed that her fiance - a maintenance worker at an apartment block - had discovered a very strange object while cleaning up the home of a WWII veteran who had recently died.
The man had been a compulsive hoarder and it is unclear how he had obtained the object.
After researching the artifact, Fuller came across the story of Command Sergeant Major James Norton who in 1977 had a very strange encounter with a UFO at Fort Benning, Georgia.
On September 14th of that year, a group of men had been engaged in a live fire training exercise when a number of orbs appeared in the sky followed by a large triangular-shaped craft.
Shortly afterwards, many of the soldiers became ill and reported periods of missing time.
According to the report, the object, whatever it was, had seemingly crash-landed in the vicinity and Norton was able to surreptitiously retrieve a small piece of it.
The metal fragment was said to be adorned with strange symbols and exhibited peculiar properties.
Norton later posted a photograph online before burying the artifact on his property for safe-keeping.
It was this photograph that Fuller would later match to the object that was found in the veteran's flat.
Ultimately, it's difficult to know what to make of this story as there's no way to corroborate Norton or Fuller's claims and unless tests can be conducted on the metal, its origins cannot be proven either.
As things stand, it makes for interesting reading, but it's authenticity is open to interpretation.
You can view an article about Norton's 1977 encounter -here.
A larger image of the artifact he found can be viewed -here, and Fuller's -here.
Update:
It turns out that the artifact in the photographs bears more than a passing resemblance to an alien artifact prop from Steven Spielberg's 2002 science-fiction miniseries 'Taken'.
You can check out a photograph of the prop -here. Look familiar ?
Big thanks to our forum members for getting to the bottom of this one.
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Vrouw claimt ‘buitenaards voorwerp’ te hebben gevonden. Zoek de overeenkomsten
Foto: Paul Dale Roberts
Vrouw claimt ‘buitenaards voorwerp’ te hebben gevonden. Zoek de overeenkomsten
Paranormaal onderzoeker Paul Dale Roberts van HPI Paranormal kreeg onlangs een telefoontje van een vrouw genaamd Stephanie Fuller.
Zij beweert dat haar verloofde een heel vreemd voorwerp heeft gevonden toen hij het huis van een veteraan uit de Tweede Wereldoorlog aan het schoonmaken was die pas is overleden.
De man was een verzamelaar en het is niet bekend hoe hij de hand op het voorwerp heeft weten te leggen.
Driehoekig vaartuig
Fuller begon onderzoek te doen naar het voorwerp en kwam uit bij sergeant-majoor James Norton, die in 1977 een UFO had gezien toen hij gestationeerd was op Fort Benning in Georgia.
Op 14 september dat jaar zag Norton tijdens een militaire oefening een aantal lichtbollen in de lucht die gevolgd werden door een groot driehoekig vaartuig.
Kort daarna werden veel van de soldaten op de basis ziek en konden ze zich niet meer herinneren wat ze hadden gedaan.
Vreemde symbolen
Eén van de objecten zou in de buurt van de basis zijn gecrasht en Norton zou het bewuste voorwerp vervolgens hebben buitgemaakt.
Het metalen fragment staat vol vreemde symbolen en heeft opmerkelijke eigenschappen.
Norton zette later een foto van het voorwerp op internet en begroef het in zijn tuin.
Precies overeen
Het voorwerp op deze foto komt volgens Fuller precies overeen met het voorwerp dat in de woning van de veteraan is gevonden.
Een artikel over de waarneming van Norton in 1977 vind je hier (The Costa Rican Times).
The China Lunar Exploration Program has released a photo from the Yutu 2 moon rover that reveals the likely nature of a previously unidentified material.
The rover — part of the Chang'e 4 mission, which in January completed the first-ever soft landing on the far side of the moon — made the discovery in July. Earlier reports on the few published details captured widespread interest.
The photo taken by Yutu 2's main camera shows the center of a crater containing material that is colored differently than its surroundings and that contains bright spots. The image was released by Our Space, a Chinese-language science-outreach publication, via its Weibo social media account on Oct. 8.
A desaturated, high-contrast version of the material viewed by Yutu 2.
(Image credit: CNSA/CLEP/NASA/GSFC/Dan Moriarty)
While gaining the attention of the Yutu 2 team, the material does not appear altogether mysterious, as claimed by Chinese media.
Clive Neal, a lunar scientist at the University of Notre Dame in Indiana, told Space.com that the new image reinforces the previous suggestion that the material is broadly similar in nature to a sample of impact glass found during the Apollo 17 mission in 1972.
Sample 70019, collected by astronaut and trained geologist Harrison "Jack" Schmitt, is made of dark, broken fragments of minerals cemented together and black, shiny glass. Impact melt glass can be created or modified through high-speed meteor impacts on a planetary surface.
Dan Moriarty, NASA Postdoctoral Program fellow at the Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, has analyzed and processed the image, seeking clues as to its precise nature. While this compressed image lacks a lot of the useful information a raw image would contain, Moriarty said he could gain insights by adjusting parameters.
Yutu 2 looks back over tracks made from the Chang’e 4 lander in July.
(Image credit: CNSA/CLEP)
"The shape of the fragments appears fairly similar to other materials in the area. What this tells us is that this material has a similar history as the surrounding material," Moriarty said. "It was broken up and fractured by impacts on the lunar surface, just like the surrounding soil.
"I think the most reliable information here is that the material is relatively dark. It appears to have brighter material embedded within the larger, darker regions, although there is a chance that is light glinting off a smooth surface," Moriarty told Space.com, adding that the material is likely heterogeneous in composition.
The image also gives an idea of the origin of the substance. Moriarty said the material may have been excavated by the crater-forming impact or it may be a breccia, containing highlands crust, glass, impactor material and basalts from the volcanic "seas" known as mare. "But we're definitely looking at a rock," Moriarty concluded.
China's Yutu 2 moon rover captured this image from the edge of the small crater.
(Image credit: CNSA/CLEP )
Far side find
Yutu 2 has been making its way west from the Chang'e 4 landing site, which is situated within the roughly 110-mile-wide (180 kilometers) Von Kármán Crater. On July 28, during Lunar Day 8 of the mission, the rover came across a crater about 6.5 feet (2 meters) in diameter containing a material deemed to have an unusual color and luster.
The initial discovery was made by a Yutu 2 drive team member checking images from the rover's main camera. The drive team consulted lunar scientists, resulting in the decision to postpone plans to have Yutu 2 continue west and instead order the rover to check out the strange material.
Our Space, which announced the findings on Aug. 17, used the term "胶状物" ("jiao zhuang wu"), which can be translated as "gel-like." This description sparked wide interest and speculation among lunar scientists.
The first images of the crater and its contents came from an obstacle-avoidance camera. These images did not, however, have a high resolution, and they included colored shapes likely related to Yutu 2's science instruments, further obscuring the material.
Yutu 2 made a number of approaches to the material to analyze it using the rover's Visible and Near-Infrared Spectrometer (VNIS), which detects light that is scattered or reflected off materials to reveal their makeup.
The small adjustments in orientation and roving tested the rover and its team, with the danger that Yutu 2 could fall into and become stuck in the crater. The movement of the sun across the sky also altered shadowing and affected results.
A second set of measurements, taken in August, was apparently more successful than the first, but results from VNIS have not been announced.
Yutu 2 has driven a total of 950 feet (289 m) across 10 lunar days. Yutu 2 and the Chang'e 4 lander power down to hibernate during the roughly two-week-long lunar nights, when temperatures can drop to as low as minus 310 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 190 degrees Celsius).
Sunrise over the landing site in Von Kármán Crater occurred Oct. 21; Yutu 2 will wake for Lunar Day 11 on Oct. 22, and the lander will do so about 24 hours later.
China geeft nieuwe foto vrij van mysterieuze gel op de maan. Bekijk ‘m hier
China geeft nieuwe foto vrij van mysterieuze gel op de maan. Bekijk ‘m hier
China heeft een nieuwe foto gepubliceerd van de vreemde gel-achtige substantie die rover Yutu-2 op de achterkant van de maan is tegengekomen.
Yutu-2 bevindt zich in het 2500 kilometer lange Zuidpool-Aitken-bekken, een inslagkrater, en is in januari dit jaar op de maan geland.
De rover stuitte op de vreemde gel nadat het wagentje een glimmend object had gespot.
Nieuwe foto
De gel heeft een opvallende vorm en kleur, waardoor de substantie afsteekt tegen de rest van het landschap.
De mysterieuze substantie bevindt zich middenin de krater.
In een poging het mysterie te ontrafelen, heeft het Chinese ruimtevaartagentschap een nieuwe foto van de substantie vrijgegeven waarop meer details te zien zijn.
Mogelijke verklaring
Eén mogelijke verklaring is dat de substantie een soort donker glas is dat zich tijdens de inslag van een asteroïde heeft gevormd.
Eenzelfde soort glas zou in 1972 door Apollo 17-astronauten zijn gevonden.
“De vorm van de fragmenten komt aardig overeen met die van andere materialen in het gebied,” zei Dan Moriarty van de NASA, die de foto heeft geanalyseerd.
Dichterbij
“Dit materiaal is verspreid door inslagen op het maanoppervlak, net als het bodemmateriaal in de omgeving,” zei hij.
Als de rover nog dichterbij kan komen, zou dit mysterie voor eens en voor altijd opgelost kunnen worden.
SPACE.com✔@SPACEdotcom
Here's What China's Yutu 2 Rover Found on the Far Side of the Moon (Photos) http://dlvr.it/RGjYlG
Former NASA astronaut Jerry Linenger recently shared that he has encountered quite a number of anomalies while staying at the International Space Station, prompting the theory that there is indeed alien life outside of Earth.
During a live interview, Linenger admitted that he encountered various anomalies or unexplained sightings during his five-month stay at the Space Station Mir. He revealed some of the bizarre things he saw at that time. ”Well I’m going to stick my neck out, but how many people think I saw a UFO when I was up there? Well I did, I saw things in the true sense of the word, unidentified flying objects – don’t take me out of context there – no aliens. But I saw stuff that made me call my crewmates over and say ‘what the heck is that?',” the astronaut said.
Linenger, a retired captain of the U.S. Navy Medical Corps and a former NASA astronaut, stayed at the Space Station Mir which operated from 1986 to 2001. The former astronaut was actually the first American to do a spacewalk from a foreign space station while wearing a non-American made spacesuit. Aside from Linenger, two other Russian astronauts also spent five months on the space station situated 50 million miles about Earth while orbiting the planet 2,000 times.
“We’d look and sometimes it was metallic, it was like a spoon if you were off in the distance and in the province of space good luck figuring out if it’s a really small object close-by, something floated out of the airlock,” he said.
Linenger admitted that it’s usually difficult to tell if something he saw in space is just nearby or somewhere far, making it doubly difficult to determine if he is seeing a legit UFO or just some kind of space junk.
“Is it something 100,000 miles away that’s the size of a big spacecraft? It’s very hard to distinguish that, usually it was something you could kind of explain, maybe an external tank or something like that. But you would see things and you go ‘wow, that’s cool – I don’t know what that was exactly, but it’s not a satellite’.”
The former astronaut admitted that amidst all his training, he would usually feel excited when he sees some odd objects from the Space Station. “You definitely, just like when you see something weird [on Earth], call everyone over like ‘I don’t care what you’re doing, get over here and take a look at this.”
It’s not all fun and excitement, however. The astronaut also shared how he and his colleagues faced some challenges while onboard the space station. The most severe happened when a fire broke out on the orbiting spacecraft and when systems controlling important functions such as oxygen, carbon dioxide and the station’s cooling mechanism malfunctioned.
The Hubble Space Telescope, the world's first space telescope which has revolutionized astronomy, as seen from the Space Shuttle Discovery
Wat is dat in vredesnaam? NASA-astronaut geschokt door wat hij in de ruimte zag
Wat is dat in vredesnaam? NASA-astronaut geschokt door wat hij in de ruimte zag
De gepensioneerde NASA-astronaut Jerry Linenger heeft onthuld dat hij in de ruimte meerdere keren vreemde dingen heeft gezien.
Linenger verbleef in 1997 in totaal 132 dagen aan boord van het Russische ruimtestation Mir.
In een recent interview met Bild vertelde hij wat hij gedurende die periode heeft gezien.
Zo vreemd
“Hoeveel mensen denken dat ik een UFO heb gezien toen ik daar was?” vroeg hij. “Nou, ik kan je vertellen dat ik ze heb gezien. Ik heb ongeïdentificeerde vliegende objecten gezien.”
Hij benadrukte dat dat niet per definitie betekent dat hij aliens heeft gezien.
“Maar ik zag wel dingen die zo vreemd waren dat ik mijn collega’s riep en vroeg wat het in vredesnaam was,” klonk het.
Heel lastig
Linenger maakte buiten Mir ruimtewandelingen met twee kosmonauten.
Meerdere keren zagen de bemanningsleden iets vreemds in de ruimte, maar ze konden niet vaststellen of het om een groot of een klein object ging.
De astronaut zei dat het heel lastig was om de afstand tot de objecten te schatten.
Geen satelliet
In sommige gevallen was het iets verklaarbaars, zoals een externe tank of iets dergelijks, maar in andere gevallen was het iets onbekends, aldus Linenger.
“Ik zag dingen en dacht bij mezelf ‘wauw, gaaf, ik weet niet wat dat was, maar het was in ieder geval geen satelliet’,” zei hij.
New Measurement of Hubble Constant Adds to Cosmic Mystery
New Measurement of Hubble Constant Adds to Cosmic Mystery
New measurements of the rate of expansion of the universe, led by astronomers at the University of California, Davis, add to a growing mystery: Estimates of a fundamental constant made with different methods keep giving different results.
“There’s a lot of excitement, a lot of mystification and from my point of view it’s a lot of fun,” said Chris Fassnacht, professor of physics at UC Davis and a member of the international SHARP/H0LICOW collaboration, which made the measurement using the W.M. Keck telescopes in Hawaii.
Images made with the W.M. Keck Observatory in Hawaii show how light from two distant galaxies is distorted into multiple images. UC Davis astronomers have made a new estimate of the Hubble Constant, which describes the expansion of the universe, by observing these distorted images.
The Hubble constant describes the expansion of the universe, expressed in kilometers per second per megaparsec. It allows astronomers to figure out the size and age of the universe and the distances between objects.
Graduate student Geoff Chen, Fassnacht and colleagues looked at light from extremely distant galaxies that is distorted and split into multiple images by the lensing effect of galaxies (and their associated dark matter) between the source and Earth. By measuring the time delay for light to make its way by different routes through the foreground lens, the team could estimate the Hubble constant.
Using adaptive optics technology on the W.M. Keck telescopes in Hawaii, they arrived at an estimate of 76.8 kilometers per second per megaparsec. As a parsec is a bit over 30 trillion kilometers and a megaparsec is a million parsecs, that is an excruciatingly precise measurement. In 2017, the H0LICOW team published an estimate of 71.9, using the same method and data from the Hubble Space Telescope. Hints of new physics
The new SHARP/H0LICOW estimates are comparable to that by a team led by Adam Reiss of Johns Hopkins University, 74.03, using measurements of a set of variable stars called the Cepheids. But it’s quite a lot different from estimates of the Hubble constant from an entirely different technique based on the cosmic microwave background. That method, based on the afterglow of the Big Bang, gives a Hubble constant of 67.4, assuming the standard cosmological model of the universe is correct.
An estimate by Wendy Freedman and colleagues at the University of Chicago comes close to bridging the gap, with a Hubble constant of 69.8 based on the luminosity of distant red giant stars and supernovae.
A difference of 5 or 6 kilometers per second over a distance of over 30 million trillion kilometers might not seem like a lot, but it’s posing a challenge to astronomers. It might provide a hint to a possible new physics beyond the current understanding of our universe.
On the other hand, the discrepancy could be due to some unknown bias in the methods. Some scientists had expected that the differences would disappear as estimates got better, but the difference between the Hubble constant measured from distant objects and that derived from the cosmic microwave background seems to be getting more and more robust.
“More and more scientists believe there’s a real tension here,” Chen said. “If we try to come up with a theory, it has to explain everything at once.”
Additional authors on the paper are: Sherry Suyu, Inh Jee and Simona Vegetti, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Garching, Germany; Cristian Rusu, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Tokyo; James Chan, Vivien Bonvin, Martin Millon and Frederic Courbin, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Switzerland; Kenneth Wong and Alessandro Sonnenfeld, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, Tokyo; Matthew Auger, University of Cambridge, U.K.; Stefan Hilbert, Exzellenzcluster Universe, Garching, Germany; Simon Birrer, Xuheng Ding, Anowar Shajib and Tommaso Treu, UCLA; Leon Koopmans and John McKean, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; David Lagattuta, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon, France; Aleksi Holkala, Tuusula, Finland; and Dominique Sluse, Leiden University, the Netherlands.
The work was funded by the National Science Foundation.
Contacts and sources:
Andy Fell
University of California – Davis
Citation:
A SHARP view of H0LiCOW: H0 from three time-delay gravitational lens systems with adaptive optics imaging Geoff C-F Chen, Christopher D Fassnacht, Sherry H Suyu, Cristian E Rusu, James H H Chan, Kenneth C Wong, Matthew W Auger, Stefan Hilbert, Vivien Bonvin, Simon Birrer, Martin Millon, Léon V E Koopmans, David J Lagattuta, John P McKean, Simona Vegetti, Frederic Courbin, Xuheng Ding, Aleksi Halkola, Inh Jee, Anowar J Shajib, Dominique Sluse, Alessandro Sonnenfeld, Tommaso Treu Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 490, Issue 2, December 2019, Pages 1743–1773,
Human-Like Face Found On Moon In Hershel Crater, UFO Sighting News.
Human-Like Face Found On Moon In Hershel Crater, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: Oct 24, 2019 Location of discovery: Earths Moon, Hershel Crater Google coordinates: 5°50'40.52"S 5°50'40.52"S I found a face of a human like alien species in Hershel crater on Earths moon using Google Moon map. The face appears to have a thick muscular neck, strong cheeks, upper and lower eye lids and eye, long curly hair and other well defined features. This is 100% proof that there are some alien species that look like us...o should I say...that we look like them? Now ask yourself why do we look like them? And you will find the answer to our existence. Scott C. Waring
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Odd unidentified aerial phenomenon floating over Downtown San Diego
Odd unidentified aerial phenomenon floating over Downtown San Diego
On October 22, 2019, Nene Angulo while driving in traffic saw an unidentified aerial phenomenon floating over Downtown San Diego. The object wasn't moving at all, just floating there.
Nene: It's certainly not a blimp, plane, helicopter or a cloud. I think the UAP may have contributed to the extra heavy traffic that morning. I shot it, and uploaded it straight from my phone.
It probably isn't a black hole, if it exists at all. But two physicists think we should check to see if it's a black hole anyway
An illustration shows what Planet 9 might look like orbiting far from our sun. Now, at least two physicists think this picture is wrong and it's actually a black hole.
Two physicists think that we should check to see if there's an ancient, grapefruit-size black hole hiding out in our solar system. And that tiny, heavy object might in fact take the place of a theoretical planet that some researchers think might be tugging on other objects in our solar system, the so-called Planet 9.
Does that mean there's really a black hole hiding out in our corner of space? No, the researchers said.
But they've assembled an argument for its existence that they think is compelling enough to be worth looking into.
Here's how it goes:
Far away in the outer reaches of the solar system, past where Neptune, our most distant known planet, orbits, there are a handful of small objects that behave strangely. These "trans-Nuptunian objects" (TNOs) cluster together in unusual ways, and they tend to spin around axises that point toward one broad swath of the sky, away from the larger known planets. Also, critically, the TNOs orbit in a different plane than the eight known planets. That suggests that something else is tugging on them with its gravity.
Some astronomers have looked at that strange pattern, run some calculations, and concluded that there must be another planet out there, one that’s 10 to 20 times the mass of Earth and following a wonky orbit that carries it many hundreds of times Earth's distance from the sun. It's a bizarre theory, usually called "Planet 9," but one that astronomers take seriously. The hunt for Planet 9 has gone on for years, with astronomers using visual light and infrared telescopes to scan the outermost parts of the solar system.
"The thing that we realized is that the gravity is the important thing," said Jakub Scholtz, a physicist at Durham University in England and one of the two astronomers behind the idea. "It doesn't need to be a planet. The most mundane, or maybe the most sane explanation is that it's a planet. But as theoretical physicists, we know that early-universe cosmology can very readily introduce a range of very interesting new theoretical bodies — one of which… is primordial black holes."
Primordial black holes are different
Usually, when we talk about black holes, we mean enormous objects formed when giant stars collapse into themselves, trapping their masses in infinitely dense singularities, surrounded by giant "event horizons" from which no light can escape. But some cosmologists believe that in the first moments of the universe, when everything was hot and dense and rushing away from the Big Bang, and no stars had formed yet, black holes were already emerging.
These primordial ghosts of the universe's creation would have formed when chunks of that early matter were crushed together so tightly that they condensed into singularities.
"That part of the universe is so dense, it just becomes a black hole," Scholtz told Live Science.
These black holes would be smaller than stellar black holes formed from collapsing massive stars, said James Unwin, a physicist at the University of Chicago and co-author of the paper. And according to some models, they'd be just a handful of times heavier than Earth.
A black hole of that mass wouldn't look like much of anything, Unwin said. Its event horizon would be tiny — about the size of a grapefruit if it's five times the mass of Earth, and the size of a bowling ball at 10 times Earth's mass. But gravity is gravity. If a PBH found its way into our solar system, that black hole would orbit the sun like a planet would, and it would tug on dwarf planets and asteroids just like the theoretical Planet 9 would. There wouldn't be any way to tell the effects of a planet's gravity from that of a primordial black hole of the same mas
An image from the paper shows the exact scale of the event horizon of the black hole if it's five Earth masses. (Note: It probably won't display at exact scale on your device, but imagine how big it would look if you printed it out so that the white space was exactly as wide as a sheet of paper from your printer.)
(Image credit: Jakub Scholtz and James Unwin)
The same models that produce primordial black holes, Unwin said, also offer the best explanation for how the Higgs mechanism (thought to imbue mass on all particles) and other basic physics emerged into the universe. So there's good reason to think that these things exist, whether or not any have since ended up in our solar system or any other star system. But no one's ever actually found one.
However, there's some recent evidence to suggest that they might really exist, Unwin said.
"I think this is fairly unknown-about in the community," Unwin said, "and we're really trying to bring it to wide attention."
There's an experiment called the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) in Poland. It scans the sky for evidence of gravitational "microlensing," places in space where a planet or some other object's gravity has bent the path of a ray of light, causing it to hit Earth. In the cases of the stars studied by OGLE, this light-bending just looks like the star momentarily brightening.
But OGLE has reported something strange, they said. Six times, it has spotted very brief microlensing events, less than 0.3 days long, suggestive of very fast-moving objects between 0.5 Earth masses and 20 Earth masses zipping past stars. This isn't how planets look to OGLE, Unwin said, and there's good reason to suspect that the six objects might be primordial black holes. (Another possibility is very-fast-moving "free floating planets" moving around outside star systems, but current planetary models wouldn't predict that many such planets zooming around the universe.)
If those six objects were small, ancient black holes, Scholtz said, then that means such black holes aren't so rare in the universe. You wouldn't expect them to show up in every star system, he said. And most would float freely through space. But it wouldn't be terribly shocking if our system got lucky and picked one up, he said.
The Planet 9-black hole theory then explains two mysteries: the trans-Neptunian object anomaly and the OGLE anomaly.
"These two things point at the same mass range," Unwin said. "This is the thing that made us quite excited."
"That's the key thing," Scholtz added. "The missing planet is somewhere between maybe five and 20 Earth masses, and the OGLE evidence points somewhere between 0.5 and 20 Earth masses. So this is quite a coincidence."
If the TNO anomaly does actually turn out to be a black hole, Unwin said, that's a huge deal. It would prove the existence of primordial black holes, and nail down a mass range for them that would explain when exactly in the history of the universe they formed -- which would then explain how a great many other bits of physics came into being.
Does that mean either researcher is convinced that there's a black hole in our solar system, or even thinks there's probably one out there? No, they both said. It's possible that the TNO anomaly doesn't really point to a single heavy object, or that the OGLE anomaly is a fluke, or the result of faulty equipment.
Does Planet 9 even exist?
Some astronomers doubt there's anything out there at all.
"I don't know enough about PBHs [primordial black holes] to know how much stock to put in the plausibility of having one in the distant solar system," said Nathan Kaib, an astronomer at the University of Oklahoma who wasn't involved in Unwin and Scholtz's work. "However, I will say that I'm somewhat skeptical of the necessity of Planet 9."
The TNO (trans-Neptunian object) orbital anomaly seems to be real, he said, but this idea of the planet hiding out there beyond the TNOs doesn't explain it that well. And, as he wrote in a paper published July 2 in The Astronomical Journal, you'd expect Planet 9 to create other anomalies that haven't turned up in the data.
"This leaves me somewhat skeptical of the existence of the planet, and if the PBH is supposed to produce the same ... effects as the planet, I guess I'd be equally skeptical of it too, but this is pretty independent of the idea of PBHs themselves," Kaib said.
But some astronomers still do think there's a planet out there. And that evidence is strong enough, and the hunt for a planet has gone on long enough, Unwin said, that it's at least worth exploring whether some planet-like object that’s not a planet is causing the effect.
One way to check, they suggested in a not-yet-peer-reviewed paper posted online in the preprint server arXiv, is to look for signs of "dark matter annihilation." Theories of PBHs suggest that they'd be surrounded by dense halos of dark matter that could survive partially intact even after billions of years of wandering the universe. And some theories of dark matter suggest that sometimes its particles "annihilate" and turn into gamma-ray photons. We could potentially detect those photons on Earth.
(Such a detection would conclusively solve a third giant physics mystery, for those keeping track : whether dark matter can turn into particles we recognize from the luminous universe.)
Our telescopes may have already picked up those gamma-ray photons, the researchers wrote. So, their next step is to look through data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, which scans wide patches of sky for the particles, to see if they can find any hints of one.
On the off chance the gamma-ray hunt does turn up a tiny black hole, Scholtz said, the possibilities are endless. We could even send a mission there, he said.
"This is potentially an opportunity to play with a real black hole," he said. "How exciting is that?"
Japan’s Yonaguni Ruins May Hold the Key to a Sunken Civilization
Japan’s Yonaguni Ruins May Hold the Key to a Sunken Civilization
The mystery of the lost continent of Atlantis has puzzled researchers for centuries, as growing evidence supports the theory that an advanced civilization may have been destroyed and gone unnoticed by mainstream archeology. This antediluvian civilization is assumed to have been located somewhere in the Atlantic Ocean and is thought to have been the progenitor of ancient civilizations like those in Egypt and India. But could there have been another sunken continent from that era that predates Atlantis? The Yonaguni ruins might provide an answer.
The Yonaguni Monument
In 1985, a Japanese diver named Kihachiro Aratake was exploring the seafloor off the southern shore of Yonaguni-Jima island, the western-most island in the Ryukyu archipelago of Japan. Aratake came across what appeared to be the sunken ruins of an ancient, megalithic, stepped pyramid, similar to the ziggurats built in ancient Sumer. Since his discovery, the provenance of the ruins has been debated as to whether they are man-made or naturally occurring, due to the possibility of natural geological terracing.
Dr. Masaaki Kimura from the University of Ryukyu is the biggest proponent for the theory supporting the artificiality of the ruins. Surprisingly, Dr. Robert Schoch is one archeologist who has contended Kimura’s theory, despite his support for the Sphinx water erosion hypothesis. Although, Schoch has conceded that he doesn’t perceive Yonaguni to be a closed case and that he hasn’t spent as much time diving there, compared to Kimura’s 15 years.
According to Kimura, the Yonaguni monument appears to depict carvings of animals and people as well as the remnants of a carved face, which he compares to the Moai heads on Easter Island. At the end of the last ice age, Yonaguni would have been connected to what is now mainland China. It is likely that the fate of the civilization that built the Yonaguni pyramid, was sealed by a massive tectonic event that triggered a tsunami and subsequent sea level rise.
Since the end of the last Ice Age, sea levels have risen some 40 meters, causing drastic changes in topography and lending credibility to the theory that there may have been cities or even continents that disappeared into the sea. Based on stalactite found in caves near the ruins, Kimura has calculated the Yonaguni pyramid to be at least 6,000 years old when it sank, with the potential to be up to 10,000 years old including the time prior to flooding. The oldest recorded flooding event at Yonaguni occurred in the late 1700s, during which a tsunami ravaged the island with 130 foot waves. This combination of sea level rise and catastrophic climatic events were likely the cause of this ancient city’s demise.
An interesting discovery has been made when looking at the orientation of the angles in the Yonaguni ruins. One researcher believes that the radial lines, when extended out from the ruins, might potentially outline a territory in the Pacific. This theory employs geoglyphology, or the study of coded maps and messaging in ancient geoglyphs, and has drawn out the radial lines of the Yonaguni ruins. The Faram Research Foundation’s work shows lines that depict a map very similar to the territory sought after by Japan during WWII.
The area extends from Yonaguni and the South China Sea, up to the tip of Alaska’s archipelago, down to Hawaii and back over encompassing Indonesia and Burma (Myanmar). This territory, some believe, could be that which was occupied by the lost continent of Mu, a lost civilization larger and older than Atlantis.
The Lost Continent of Mu
The lost civilization of Mu, is thought to have spanned a large swath of the Pacific Ocean. Reaching from the Philippines Sea all the way to Easter Island, Mu would have encompassed most of the small islands in the mid-Pacific, including Guam, Fiji, Christmas Island, Midway and Hawaii. The conception of Mu was first proposed by Augustus LePlongeon in the 19th century who was the first explorer to photographically document the ancient Mayan city of Chichen Itza. It was there that he supposedly learned of the lost continent of Mu through his translation of the ancient Mayan Troano Codex.
LePlongeon’s translation showed that the Mayan civilization was aware of and predated the ancient Egyptian and Greek civilizations, while also mentioning another civilization that was lost in a cataclysmic event. But LePlongeon’s account is thought to be spurious due his use of a false translation of the ancient Mayan language.
But a later account of the ancient continent from a book published in 1926, by James Churchward, is thought to possibly carry more veracity. Churchward was an English occultist who spent several decades living and studying with a group of mystic priests in India. There he was shown esoteric tablets that detailed the erstwhile civilization and its supposed 64 million inhabitants called the Nacaal, who lived roughly 50,000 years ago. The tablets contained a multitude of vignettes, or a series of pictographs that supposedly told the story of Mu. In order to properly transcribe the vignettes, Churchward had to study an ancient language called Naga-Maya, known to only a handful of people in the world.
Although it is difficult to conceive of a continent this size to have just disappeared underwater, some believe that the Yonaguni monument may be a key to the explanation. Though Churchward’s translation didn’t garner as much notoriety as the search for Atlantis, some believe his interpretation of Mu to be one in the same with the lost city of Lemuria, popularized by Russian theosophist, Helena Blavatsky. Blavatsky’s depiction of the Lemurian people shares many similarities with Churchward’s account, that she also claims to have learned from an esoteric text given to her by Indian mahatmas.
Were Lemuria and Mu one in the same, or two disparate, ancient civilizations that fostered the mysteriously advanced ancient cultures we’re aware of today. While we have been obsessed with the search for Atlantis, it appears that there could be evidence of an older society that may hold clues to the knowledge of our ancient ancestors. Could the Yonaguni ruins be the key to uncovering these antediluvian people?
Zijn deze Japanse ruïnes de sleutel tot een verzonken beschaving? Aanwijzingen stapelen zich op
In 1987 deed de Japanse duiker Kihachiro Aratake een schokkende ontdekking in de buurt van het eiland Yonaguni.
Op enkele tientallen meters onder het wateroppervlak stuitte hij op een enorm complex van rotsformaties.
Experts spraken van één van de grootste ontdekkingen in de geschiedenis van onderwaterarcheologie.
Verschillende monumenten
“Het intrigerende aan het complex bij Yonaguni is dat er veel verschillende monumenten zijn te vinden die vlak bij elkaar liggen,” zegt schrijver Graham Hancock.
“In mijn ogen is dit het werk van mensen en zijn ze niet ontstaan als gevolg van de invloed van de oceaan op het gesteente,” vervolgt hij.
Er zijn volgens emeritus hoogleraar Masaaki Kimura van de Ryukyus-universiteit in Japan meerdere redenen om aan te nemen dat we hier niet te maken hebben met een natuurlijke formatie.
Mensenhanden
Zo werden er op de plek meerdere stukken gereedschap en gegraveerde stenen aangetroffen.
“Er is geen twijfel over mogelijk dat dit [complex] is gemaakt door mensenhanden,” zegt professor Kimura.
Twee voetbalvelden
Het complex, dat zich op een diepte van zo’n 30 meter bevindt, bestaat onder meer uit een trappiramide die even groot is als twee voetbalvelden.
Volgens Hancock waren de primitieve beschavingen die in de steentijd leefden niet in staat om zo’n enorm complex te realiseren.
Een volgende stap in dat proces is nu het registreren van nieuwe patenten door de Amerikaanse marine van technologieën die niet van deze aarde zijn.
We weten dat er een geheime ruimtevloot bestaat en dat de mensheid al vele malen verder is met technologische ontwikkelingen dan ons wordt verteld. De informatie die we daarover hebben is afkomstig van klokkenluiders en hackers zoals Gary McKinnon.
We zijn nu op het punt aanbeland waar deze geheime ruimtevloot minder geheim zal worden en dat betekent dat er in sneltreinvaart een soort witwasoperatie moet plaatsvinden. Een operatie waarbij het grote publiek stap voor stap kennis zal maken met de ruimtevloot.
Er ontstond vorig jaar veel opwinding en een jubelstemming onder ufo liefhebbers vanwege een stroom aan publiciteit over waarnemingen van Amerikaanse marinepiloten. Hierna nog eens één van die video’s:
De beelden zijn honderd procent echt en ze zijn afkomstig van de Amerikaanse overheid.
Naar aanleiding van deze onthullingen is er veel over gesproken, ook door Amerikaanse politici in het Congres, en is er overleg geweest met de marine.
Het gevolg van dat alles is dat de Amerikaanse marine nu heeft aangekondigd dat ze nieuwe procedures zullen hanteren, waarbij piloten en ander personeel vreemde dingen kunnen rapporteren.
Dit gebeurde tot nu toe slechts incidenteel want piloten hielden veelal hun mond dicht omdat het melden van dit soort incidenten vaak niet echt bevorderlijk was voor hun carrière. Net zo goed als dit bij civiele piloten het geval is.
Het is geen toeval dat dit nu gebeurt en ook niet dat die beelden juist van de marine afkomstig zijn. We schreven hierover uitgebreid in een ander artikel.
Het verhaal dat wij schreven wordt in het volgende interview bevestigd door de voormalige Amerikaanse staatssecretaris en Wall Street bankier Catherine Austin Fitts. In een gesprek met Dark Journalist Daniel Liszt legt ook zij uit dat het gezocht moet worden in de letterlijk biljoenen dollars die vanuit het Pentagon zijn verdwenen naar het geheime ruimteprogramma.
De "Disclosure" die nu plaatsvindt is onderdeel van een shift om het geheime ruimteprogramma dat is gefinancierd met de verduisterde biljoenen dollars vanuit het Pentagon, langzaam maar zeker een iets meer open programma te maken en de bevolking te laten wennen aan het feit dat er steeds snellere en meer spectaculaire ontwikkelingen in de ruimte zullen plaatsvinden. De komende jaren zal je dan ook "fenomenale ontwikkelingen" zien in de ruimte en zal er naast al het verduisterde geld ook steeds meer ruimte komen in de bestaande begrotingen voor expansie in de ruimte.
En dat is het punt waarop we nu zijn aangekomen. Fenomenale ontwikkelingen zoals de Amerikaanse marine die patenten registreert, gebaseerd op buitenaardse technologie.
Er wordt uiteraard niet verteld dat het hier gaat om buitenaardse technologie, maar als een marine onderzoeker opeens vreemde patentaanvragen doet op basis van wat men noemt exotische technieken, dan gaan er wel wat alarmbellen rinkelen.
Technieken die op dit moment helemaal niet bestaan, niet in de civiele luchtvaart en ook niet in de militaire. Technieken die je doorgaans alleen tegenkomt bij ufo-fanaten. Technieken die zijn gebaseerd op hoge elektromagnetische krachtvelden, revolutionaire aandrijfsystemen en een hybride aerospace onderwater voertuig.
Zo gaat de meest recente patentaanvraag van de marine over de praktische toepassing van een fusiereactor in een vliegend object, waardoor het enorme snelheden kan bereiken en manoeuvres uitvoeren die normaal gesproken niet kunnen.
Dit is slechts één van de vele mysterieuze patenten die door de marine zijn ingediend. De aanvraag komt altijd op naam van marine onderzoeker Salvatore Cezar Pais. Dit schijnt een soort mysterieuze wetenschapper te zijn die over fenomenale kennis beschikt. Hoe Pais aan al die kennis komt, wordt uiteraard nergens vermeld, maar al zijn patentaanvragen zijn revolutionair.
In de wereld van ufologen is dit concept natuurlijk al heel lang bekend onder de naam USO (Unidentified Submerged Object).
Dit soort objecten kom je veel vaker tegen dan je zou denken en dit komt onder andere voor in het verhaal van de bekende klokkenluider Bill Cooper in de tijd dat hij nog bij de marine diende. Hij omschreef wat hij toen zag zal als volgt:
Hij was een erg avontuurlijke en een beetje gekke, nog jonge man en dacht dat het wel spannend zou zijn om werkzaam te zijn op een onderzeeër, waarvoor hij zich dan ook vrijwillig aanmeldde. Tijdens één van de oefeningen waren ze op weg van Portland/Seattle naar Pearl Harbor en had hij dienst op de uitkijk, waar hij zijn levensveranderende ontdekking deed met wat hij zag. Plotseling zag hij een schotel-achtig object vanuit de zee omhoog komen (ter grote van een vliegdekschip), die om zijn as draaide en meteen tussen de wolken verdween. Omdat wat hij zag gebeuren zich op ongeveer 2 zeemijl afstand van hem afspeelde, leek het langzaam te gaan, maar in feite ging het zeer snel omdat het uit het water kwam, om z`n as draaide en direct uit zicht was.
Hij melde het voorval dat hij iets gezien had bij zijn meerdere, waarop deze ook op dek kwam kijken. En warempel een paar minuten later komt datzelfde DING terug uit de lucht met volle snelheid, en verdween weer in zee zonder ook maar een spetter/plons te veroorzaken. Het was net of de zee zich opende waardoor het object zonder iets te raken erin kon vliegen. U moet zich voorstellen dat wat hij gezien had, zo groot was als een vliegdekschip en zoiets kan NOOIT in zee terechtkomen zonder ook maar een plons.... althans niet in de wereld zoals wij die kennen. Het ritueel herhaalde zich meerdere keren waarvan beide mannen ooggetuige waren.
Dat de Amerikaanse marine al heel lang kennis had van ufo's die ook onderwater kunnen opereren, blijkt ook uit de volgende uitgelekte documenten waarover wij eerder schreven.
Via een televisiestation in Las Vegas zijn er nu originele marine documenten uitgelekt, waaruit inderdaad blijkt dat het verhaal waar is en waar nog veel meer interessante informatie in staat dan tot nu bekend was.
Het KLAS televisiekanaal zegt, dat hoewel er geen logo’s en dergelijke te zien zijn op het intern marineverslag, dit wel degelijk echt is en dat dit is bevestigd door vier verschillende mensen die dat zouden kunnen weten.
Interessant is dat ze het object geen UFO noemen, maar AVV, wat staat voor anomalous aerial vehicle. Een vliegend object dat er eigenlijk niet hoort te zijn.
Hierna volgt de originele samenvatting van het verslag en daarin is te lezen dat het voorval zich uitstrekt over een periode van ongeveer zes dagen.
Het volgend plaatje laat de voornaamste conclusies zien die in het rapport worden genoemd.
Zoals dat het object dat is waargenomen absoluut niet thuishoort in de Amerikaanse marine of luchtmacht.
Dat het object zichzelf als het ware onzichtbaar kan maken (cloaking) voor de huidige radarsystemen.
Dat het over verbazingkwekkende aerodynamische eigenschappen beschikt, maar dat er helemaal niets te zien is zoals vleugels, aandrijving of uitsteeksels.
En dan nog iets bijzonders want het object beweegt zich klaarblijkelijk onder water net zo gemakkelijk als in de lucht.
Het totale rapport beslaat zo’n 13 pagina’s en is hier te lezen. Dit rapport werd vijf jaar na de gebeurtenis samengesteld en volgens KLAS TV is het daarna aan de kant gelegd omdat binnen het Pentagon er eigenlijk niemand in was geïnteresseerd en het object duidelijk geen gevaar opleverde.
Wat uiteraard ook een mogelijkheid is, is dat we hier niet te maken hebben met een UFO van buitenaardse makelij, maar met een exemplaar van de geheime ruimtevloot zoals die enkele jaren voor het incident van de marine werd gebruikt voor de aanslag op de Twin Towers tijdens 9/11.
Normaal marinepersoneel heeft uiteraard ook geen weet van het bestaan van een geheime ruimtevloot en dus zijn zij net zo verbaasd als de rest van de bevolking, schrijven zij braaf hun rapporten die vervolgens ergens in een bureaula verdwijnen.
Aan de andere kant, misschien zijn het wel degelijk buitenaardsen en dat is toch iets waar de meeste mensen vanuit gaan als er ondubbelzinnig is bewezen dat UFO's echt bestaan.
Nadat we dit artikel hadden geschreven, ontvingen we van Paul Harmans een video van Tyler van Secure Team over dit onderwerp die hij in het Nederlands heeft ondertiteld.
Onze dank en veel lezers zullen daar blij mee zijn en dus bij deze:
They’re ba-ack! Just in time for Halloween, those strange Peruvian mummies with three-fingered hands, three-toed feet, elongated skulls and no verifiable explanation for who or what they are have jumped back into the news pool with both three-toed feet. A university in Peru announced it has the mummies in its possession and plans to show-and-tell everything there is to know about the mysterious humanoid forms. This comes hot on the heels of a separate but related announcement of the discovery of a giant three-finger geoglyph in the Atacama Desert in Chile which strongly resemble the mummies – right down to the tips of their three-fingered hands. Will these strange beings finally be identified and explained?
“In spite of opposition from some archaeologists and media reporters, who even went to this university to prevent such a decision, this university has opted for the scientifically correct path. The Vice-Rector Mr. Martin Alarcón wants to investigate. On November 6th, 2019 there will be a press conference to officially announce this decision by the university.”
The university is the Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga in Peru’s Department of Ica, an area centrally located to the Nazca Lines, the Palpa or Paracas glyphs, the Paracas elongated skulls and the Chincha people (possible pre-Columbian creators of the glyphs). ExoNews broke the news of the acquisition of the mummies prior to the university’s planned press conference on November 6th. Journalists Jaime Maussan and Jois Mantilla say Gaia, the organization which has been in control of the mummies and investigations into them, will not be involved with the university’s research. Yosef Ben Levi, a theologian and researcher into the “tridactyl” mummies, spent over 70 minutes with Mantilla explaining the new investigation. (Watch the video here – unfortunately not in English.)
“The International Foundation for Culture and Life Sciences is pleased to share this material that corresponds to a tridactyl humanoid geoglyph very similar to those known publicly as “The Mummies of Nasca” in Peru, in this case just over 800 kms in the commune of Huara, Tarapacá region of Chile.”
Meanwhile, the International Foundation for Culture and Life Sciences (FICCV), a new Chilean organization dedicated to finding, preserving and teaching about the artifacts of ancient Chilean cultures, announced the discovery of a three-fingered (tridactyl) humanoid glyph in the Tarapacá region of northern Chile on the Pan-American Highway – which coincidentally runs through the Nazca desert, the location of the Nazca lines and glyphs. This particular humanoid glyph (see it here) – the only one known to exist – measures 25 meters (82 feet) and was found in the Atacama Desert, best known as the location of the so-called Atacama Giant, the largest prehistoric anthropomorphic figure in the world at 119 meters (390 ft). FYI – the Atacama Giant has no fingers or toes.
The Atacoma Giant
(credit: Wikipedia Commons)
“One of the feet shows a 90-degree angle similar to the feet in the larger three-finger “mummy” called “María.” If María and the 60 cm entities are genuine could the former be a hybrid between a human and the smaller 60 cm beings that have more significant reptilian characteristics?”
That bent foot, not the three fingers on the Chilean humanoid glyph, may be the missing link between it and the Nazca three-fingered mummies, according to José de la Cruz Ríos López, a biologist who has studied both. Yosef Ben Levi reveals on his Facebook page how he and other researchers feel about the University taking over the study of the tridactyl mummies.
“On behalf of the whole team of the Inkarri – Cusco Institute, we wish good luck to all the leaders and scientits of the San Luis Gonzaga National University of Ica. We would like to thank them warmly for having the courage to make the decision to scientifically and officially study these controversial mummies. Like millions of people around the world, we count on you to establish, in a definitive way, the truth about this incredible affair.”
Let’s hope he, his team and the rest of us aren’t disappointed one more time. We’ll be keeping you updated.
Of all people, the ones who probably should have seen UFOs if they’re out there are astronauts. Well, it just so happens that, a few astronauts have indeed come forward over the years with accounts of unexplained experiences in space. The latest to do so is former NASA astronaut Jerry Linenger, who lived aboard the now-defunct Russian Space Station Mir for five months in 1997. Linenger’s stay aboard Mir was marked by an accidental fire and near-catastrophic systems breakdown that according to his NASA bio “altered the whole nature of his mission and served to change the relationship between the U.S. and the Russian space programs.” Also, he saw UFOs. That’s a really weird five months.
Linenger, a retired captain of the U.S. Navy Medical Corps, spoke about his experiences with UFOs and other anomalies witnessed from Space Station Mir during an interview last year. He says he witnessed bizarre, unexplained things, many times during his stay in space. From the interview:
”Well I’m going to stick my neck out, but how many people think I saw a UFO when I was up there? Well I did, I saw things in the true sense of the word, unidentified flying objects – don’t take me out of context there – no aliens. But I saw stuff that made me call my crewmates over and say ‘what the heck is that?’”
Space Station Mir
It’s not surprising he gave the caveat of not seeing aliens. It’s highly doubtful a Navy physician and NASA astronaut would jump to that conclusion unless he saw an alien’s big spooky eyes staring right at him. He says that the nature of witnessing these things in space make it hard to tell what exactly you’re looking at, but he does describe some pretty strange—and weirdly familiar—sightings:
“We’d look and sometimes it was metallic, it was like a spoon if you were off in the distance and in the province of space good luck figuring out if it’s a really small object close-by, something floated out of the airlock.
Is it something 100,000 miles away that’s the size of a big spacecraft? It’s very hard to distinguish that, usually it was something you could kind of explain, maybe an external tank or something like that. But you would see things and you go ‘wow, that’s cool – I don’t know what that was exactly, but it’s not a satellite’.”
That could definitely look like a spoon in the right context.
Linenger also says that UFOs and anomalous events are just as noteworthy in space as it is on Earth:
“You definitely, just like when you see something weird [on Earth], call everyone over like ‘I don’t care what you’re doing, get over here and take a look at this.”
It’s all very interesting. Of course, as Jerry Linenger says, distance in space is weird and it’s hard to tell what it is you’re looking at. Still, these are trained astronauts we’re talking about. That they would be surprised and excited by unexplained things up in space suggests that there might just be some surprising, exciting, and unexplained things up there after all.
Origin and Chemical Make-Up of Titan's Dunes Unraveled
Origin and Chemical Make-Up of Titan's Dunes Unraveled
A team led by a University of Hawaii at Manoa chemistry professor and researcher has been able to provide answers to key questions about the surface of Saturn’s moon Titan.
Physical chemist Ralf I. Kaiser and fellow researchers examined remote sensing data regarding NASA’s Cassini-Huygens mission to Titan–the only solar system body besides Earth with a solid surface, lakes and a thick atmosphere with a pressure of about 1.5 atmosphere at surface level. Images and data from Cassini-Huygens exposed the existence of vast longitudinal dunes on Titan’s surface across the equatorial deserts reaching heights of up to 100 meters, close to the size of the Egyptian pyramids of Giza. Whereas Earth’s dunes are made of silicates or the largest class of minerals, imaging studies revealed that Titan’s dunes contain dark organics of until now undetermined origin and chemical composition.
Vast longitudinal dunes on Titan’s surface
Credit: University of Hawaii
The UH Manoa team, which also consisted of Matthew Abplanalp, former chemistry graduate student at UH’s W.M. Keck Research Laboratory in Astrochemistry, exposed acetylene ice–a chemical that is used on Earth in welding torches and exists at Titan’s equatorial regions–at low temperatures to proxies of high-energy galactic cosmic rays. The researchers exposed a rapid cosmic-ray-driven chemistry which converts simple molecules like acetylene to more complex organic molecules like benzene and naphthalene – a compound which is found in mothballs – on Titan’s surface. These processes also happen in the interstellar medium – the space between stars – on hydrocarbon rich layers of interstellar nanoparticles.
“Titan’s dunes represent the dominating surface sink of carbon in Titan’s organic chemistry,” said Abplanalp, current researcher at the Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division at China Lake. “Therefore, unraveling the origin and chemical pathways to form this organic dune material is vital not only to understand Titan’s chemical evolution, but also to grasp how alike the chemistries on Titan and on Earth might have been like before life emerged on Earth 3.5 million years ago.”
“These processes eventually furnish the molecular building blocks not only for Titan’s organic dunes, but also for organics on airless bodies in general such as on Kuiper Belt Objects like dwarf planet Makemake,” outlined Kaiser.
Titan, one of Saturn’s moons
Credit: University of Hawaii
“The low temperature synthesis of PAHs from acetylene ices represents a fundamental shift from currently accepted perceptions that PAH formation takes place solely in the gas phase at elevated temperatures of a few 1,000 K such as in combustion processes.”
These findings will have unprecedented implications for the next space mission to Titan. NASA aims to land a flying robot, Dragonfly, on the surface of Titan, the top target in the search for alien life and its molecular precursors. The car-sized quadcopter, equipped with instruments capable of identifying large organic molecules, is slated to launch on a rocket in 2026, arrive at its destination in 2034 and then fly to multiple locations hundreds of miles apart. Dragonfly will land near Titan’s equator close to the organic dunes thus providing an in situ glimpse of potentially biorelevant organics at a frozen stage–boldly going where no one has gone before.
“Overall, this study advances our understanding of the complex organics and fundamental chemical processing of simple molecules in deep space and provides a scientifically sound and proven mechanism of formation of aromatic structures in extreme environments in low temperature ices,” Kaiser concluded. “Since Titan is nitrogen-rich, the incorporation of nitrogen in these PAHs may also lead to carbon-nitrogen moieties (parts of a molecule) prevailing in contemporary biochemistry such as in DNA and RNA-based nitrogen-bases.”
Contacts and sources:
Ralf Kaiser University of Hawaii at Manoa
Citation:
Low-temperature synthesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Titan’s surface ices and on airless bodies Matthew J. Abplanalp, Robert Frigge and Ralf I. Kaiser Science Advances 16 Oct 2019:Vol. 5, no. 10, eaaw5841 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw5841 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw5841
Witness of Another World is a new documentary about a lonely gaucho who lives a solitary existence on a remote farm ever since he witnessed a UFO and the strange entities inside as a child.
Filmmaker Alan Stivelman - together with the help of well-known scientist and researcher Jacques Vallée -begin an epic journey to help Juan in understanding the deep meaning of his close encounter.
This true story shows the long-term consequences of close encounters, proving that no one is exempt from a potential contact.
Sirius Star System: Celestial Home to The Dogon Tribe of Africa
Sirius Star System: Celestial Home to The Dogon Tribe of Africa
The mythology and folklore of indigenous people is often written off as exactly that – legends and parables used to remember elders and teach younger generations lessons about morality. But what about a tribe whose lore gives a precise location of astronomical bodies and phenomena that aren’t discovered by modern science for hundreds of years?
The Dogon are that tribe and they have known for centuries that their ancestors are descendants of a species from the Sirius star system eight and half light years away.
Knowledge of the Hidden Star Sirius B
The Dogon inhabit an area of Mali called the Bandiagara Escarpment, a stretch of sandstone cliffs nearly 100 miles long, reaching up to 1,500 feet high. Taking advantage of the area for its natural protection, the tribe built their homes into the side of the cliffs during the 3rd century B.C. and have remained there since. But it wasn’t until the 1930s that French anthropologists discovered their strangely advanced astronomical knowledge, despite maintaining a very primitive lifestyle.
Although the Dogon live in an area more than 2,000 miles from Egypt, they have a history that appears to have some intriguing connections with the famed, ancient civilization. The Dogon are incredibly familiar with the system, where Sirius Star aliens are said to have travelled from, imparting them with knowledge hundreds of years ago. These beings, known as the Nummos, were amphibious beings, coming from the same star system as the Egyptian god, Isis.
While Sirius A is visible to the naked eye, its companion white dwarf, Sirius B, was not discovered until the 1950s with an advanced telescope. The Dogon, however were well aware of its presence, as well as its orbital period, and told anthropologists of its existence before it was confirmed by modern telescopes.
The Dogon also claim that there is a third star in the Sirius system that has yet to be discovered, and gravitational observations might prove their claim to be true. Were the Dogon visited by spiritual beings or ancient astronauts? Or did the anthropologists who first studied them carry out an elaborate deception by giving them astronomical insight to regurgitate in front of a camera?
Knowledge Preceding Modern Science
Carl Sagan weighed in on his take of the Dogon tribe and their supposed celestial cognizance by disavowing the idea that it could have come from otherworldly beings. The Dogon were aware of Jupiter’s moons and Saturn, along with its rings, but Sagan said that their lack of awareness of any other planets in our solar system was evidence that they were only reiterating a few pieces of knowledge given to them by their interaction with French anthropologists.
However, Sagan’s cursory analysis of the Dogon did not touch upon the fact that their knowledge of the Sirius star system was represented in 400-year-old artifacts, nor did he acknowledge their understanding of subatomic particles and their theory of the universe’s creation that was similar to the Big Bang.
The Dogon were also very aware of our location within the Milky Way Galaxy and knew of the state of Sirius B, being an incredibly dense and dying star. This curiosity also led them to make further discoveries regarding human anatomy, long before western discoveries were made.
So, who were these Sirius Star aliens that this enigmatic tribe met more than 600 years ago? The Dogon refer to them as the Nummos or Nommos, beings that were mostly aquatic, but were also mobile on land. They appeared only to a small sect of the Dogon tribe, because extensive contact with humans would have a negative impact on their well-being. In some accounts, the Dogon speak of the Nummos as being non-physical.
Every 60 years, when Sirius appears between two mountain peaks marking a cycle in its orbit, the Dogon hold a celebration, called Sigui. Leading up to the celebration the younger men of the tribe sequester themselves from the rest of the group for a few months. During this time, they speak in a secret language. Sigui itself can last for long periods of time; the most recent celebration lasted six years.
During these celebrations, the Dogon’s knowledge is passed on to future generations, but there is supposedly secret information regarding their knowledge that has not left the tribe
Strange connections with other civilizations
Amphibious, god-like beings appeared in other ancient cultures outside of the Dogon. Ancient civilizations from Babylonia, to Greece and even Slavic nations depicted aquatic beings in their mythology. One interesting connection that some have drawn with the Dogon is that of the Dogū in Japan. Alternative theories point to statues of the Dogū, whose name is similar to Dogon, that resemble an astronaut or being in a spacesuit.
The Dogū are thought to have arrived in flying ships, bringing written language and many aspects of civilization to the Japanese. Interestingly, in ancient Mesopotamian lore there is a deity known as Dagon or Dagan, depicted as a merman or fish god – this depiction can also be seen in the Hebrew Bible.
But the Dogon’s connection with Egypt is the most intriguing and an argument in their defense from the criticism of Sagan and pragmatists. The language that the Dogon use to describe the Sirius star system consists of ancient Egyptian words that have not been used for centuries. Other similarities between the two cultures can be seen in the way they organized their civilizations, such as the creation of an upper and lower kingdom and a 360-day calendar. The Dogon do not have a written language to this day and continue to pass down their history to select members of the tribe by word of mouth.
Afrikaanse stam wist al veel eerder dan moderne wetenschappers dat Sirius een begeleider heeft. Hoe kan dat?
Afrikaanse stam wist al veel eerder dan moderne wetenschappers dat Sirius een begeleider heeft. Hoe kan dat?
De Dogon, een bevolkingsgroep die in Mali leeft, beschikken over verrassende kennis over de ster Sirius.
De Dogon wisten al eerder dan moderne astronomen dat rond Sirius nog een kleinere ster draait. Deze begeleider, Sirius B, werd in 1862 voor het eerst gezien door Alvan Clark.
Volgens de Dogon bevindt zich in het Siriusstelsel nog een derde ster die nog ontdekt moet worden.
Hoe kan het dat deze eeuwenoude cultuur al heel vroeg gegevens had over de ster?
In gang hebben gezet
Hoe komt het dat die gegevens overeenkomen met elementen van de oude beschavingen van Egypte en Sumerië?
In zijn boek het Sirius-mysterie stelt voormalig BBC-medewerker en professor Robert Temple dat buitenaardse wezens de menselijke beschaving ‘in gang hebben gezet’.
Amfibieachtige wezens
Hij laat zien dat de wetenschap van oude beschavingen gestoeld was op ‘geïmporteerde’ fysica en astrofysica van amfibieachtige wezens uit het Siriusstelsel die contact hadden met de oude Egyptenaren en de Sumeriërs.
Temple baseert zich voornamelijk op het werk van de Franse antropologen Marcel Griaule en Germaine Dieterlen.
Tussen 1928 en 1933 namen Griaule en Dieterlen deel aan twee grootschalige expedities naar de Dogonregio in Mali.
I’m sure that most of us have, at some point in our lives, wished we could have been invisible. Whether it was to sneak up on an unsuspecting friend or just to escape the stresses of everyday life, being temporarily invisible seemed like a fun idea although it wasn’t possible. Now, however, a Canadian company has turned that fantasy into reality by creating an “invisibility cloak”.
The Canadian camouflage design company is named Hyperstealth and they have created this new invisibility technology called Quantum Stealth. The “cloak” is as thin as paper and doesn’t need a power source. It’s also very inexpensive to make, using lenticular lenses which are commonly used in photographs that can sometimes, depending on how you look at the pictures, appear as though they’re in 3D.
The fascinating fact about the material is that it bends light in a certain manner that makes the objects that are either very close or very far from it the only things that are visible while the other objects become invisible. The invisible objects would have to be place at a certain distance where the light wouldn’t allow them to be seen.
The color and shape of what is being hidden does not affect the material, but it still somewhat distorts the background so that whoever would be looking at it would know that something was there, but they’d have no idea what (or who) it was because of the lack of details.
Hyperstealth’s Guy Cramer began creating this invisibility technology back in 2010 and has since filed four patents for it as well as other associated technologies. Additionally, he has been working with organizations from the military in order to get this technology developed.
The company isn’t revealing much information about the how they created material, but they did use a physics principle called Snell’s law. Every material has a refractive index and while light travels in a straight line through empty space, when it travels from one medium to another, the light bends which is called refraction. A perfect example of this is when you put a spoon in a glass of water and the spoon appears to be bent. By figuring out where the “blind spot” is depending on how the light is moving based on the refractive index, the objects can appear to vanish while the background is still visible.
An example of how the material creates invisibility.
Tom DeLonge has never served in the US military but that isn’t stopping the US Army from recruiting him and his organization, the To The Stars Academy. Why? That’s what a lot of military watchdogs are wondering, since this announcement comes shortly after TTSA’s announcement that it has materials from UFOs that don’t match any known earth metals. Should we get ready for a big reveal (cue the green alien balloons) or will it be another TTSA disappointment?
“SAN DIEGO — Oct. 17, 2019 — To The Stars Academy of Arts & Science (TTSA) announced today a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) with the U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command to advance TTSA’s materiel and technology innovations in order to develop enhanced capabilities for Army ground vehicle
TTSA’s technology solutions, which leverage developments in material science, space-time metric engineering, quantum physics, beamed energy propulsion, and active camouflage, have the potential to enhance survivability and effectiveness of multiple Army systems. TTSA will share its discoveries with Ground Vehicle System Center (GVSC) and Ground Vehicle Survivability and Protection (GVSP) and the U.S. Army shall provide laboratories, expertise, support, and resources to help characterize the technologies and its applications.
“Our partnership with TTSA serves as an exciting, non-traditional source for novel materials and transformational technologies to enhance our military ground system capabilities,” said Dr. Joseph Cannon of U.S. Army Futures Command. “At the Army’s Ground Vehicle Systems Center, we look forward to this partnership and the potential technical innovations forthcoming.””
Well, that quote from TTSA’s announcement explains everything … not. For one thing, Joseph Trevithick and Brett Tingley at The War Zone point out that the announcement is vague and non-specific. Their research into the CRADA agreement found that it’s full of legalese … except for one interesting paragraph:
“To the Stars Academy of Arts and Science is a company with materiel and technology innovations that offer capability advancements for Army ground vehicles. These technology innovations have been acquired, designed, and produced by the Collaborator [TTSA], leveraging advancements in metamaterials and quantum physics to push performance gains.”
This could use some help.
In other words, the Army is admitting that DeLonge’s TTSA HAS “materiel and technology innovations” it is interested in. Since it’s hard to believe TTSA has developed materiel (military materials and equipment) that the military doesn’t already know about, this appears to be a confirmation that it has something the military DOESN’T know about. Is this the materials from UFOs TTSA has been dropping hints about?
“TTSA has had a primary message that the military is hiding information about UAPs, and that has resonated with many of their fans along with their investors. However, now that TTSA has allegedly acquired physical pieces of the “phenomena,” to some, they are now just walking it all back through the doors of the military and sharing the discoveries with those they claim are hiding secrets from the public.”
John Greenewald, Jr. at The Black Vault points out the obvious – TTSA’s part of the deal involves giving materials to the government that they claimed they GOT from the government … things involving “material science, space-time metric engineering, quantum physics, beamed energy propulsion, and active camouflage” according to Popular Mechanics. What is the Army providing to TTSA? “Laboratories, expertise, support, and resources to help characterize the technologies and its applications.” All of the watchdogs and many of the commenters make another obvious point … “resources” most likely means funding, something TTSA desperately needs.
The War Zone drops another interesting tidbit about some of the metamaterial samples that may be changing hands.
“The late Art Bell, long-time host of the paranormal radio program Coast to Coast AM, had originally acquired these from a purported anonymous source. Bell had said the individual claimed that their grandfather had been in an unspecified branch of the U.S. military and that items were related to the Roswell UFO crash conspiracy theory.”
DeLonge claims to have gotten the materials from well-known ufologist Linda Moulton Howe and sold them (you read that right) to TTSA. Howe and DeLonge have both claimed that these metal samples show antigravitational behavior when exposed to certain frequencies of electromagnetic radiation and they can’t be reproduced in a lab.
Are we getting close to one of these in every garage?
The War Zone has written extensively about this TTSA/Army deal and TTSA in general. While it’s essential to have watchdog groups in these times (an understatement if there ever was one), the CRADA agreement also calls for an annual review at the end of each fiscal year through 2023 of progress being made. Will this review be made public? That probably depends on who’s making or losing money at the time.
In the meantime, it would be great if some medium could get in contact with Art Bell and see what he thinks.
Glowing UFO Recorded Entering Active Volcano, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Glowing UFO Recorded Entering Active Volcano, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Oct 20. 2019
Location of sighting: Popocatepetl Volcano, Mexico
Here is a great find from Youtuber Esmeralda Martinez. A long glowing UFO is seen entering the top part of an active volcano in Mexico that erupts every 14-24 hours! This volcano is home to hundreds of sightings of such UFOs and this can only lead us to one conclusion...that the ships entering and exiting the top of the volcano are going to an underground base about 4-6km below the surface. The mouth of the volcano is about 600 meters across. That would make this UFO close to 150 meters!
Cloud UFO Moves Through Parking Lot In Virginia Scaring The Heck Out Of Eyewitnesses, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Cloud UFO Moves Through Parking Lot In Virginia Scaring The Heck Out Of Eyewitnesses, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Oct 2019
Location of sighting: Newman Village, Virginia, USA
Watch this raw footage as a UFO cloaked in a cloud slowly moves through a parking lot as it it belongs there. The people watch this strange object and one person even says to go over and touch it, but the other person says no way thats happening. Another perron suggests its a spaceships. I believe that is correct. This is a very small craft that is normally in the sky and built with a cloak that makes a cloud around it. You can even see the cockpit window in the front of it. The right angle on the back is clear indication that there is a craft inside and that they are probably revealed by accident...they thought they were invisible, but they totally forgot to turn off the cloud cloak being on. Even aliens make mistakes. This is an excellent discovery by Youtube channel Terrys Theories.
Giant Base Found On Earths Moon In Crater! NASA Footage! Video, UFO Sighting News.
Giant Base Found On Earths Moon In Crater! NASA Footage! Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: Oct 2019 Location of discovery: Earths Moon Here is an awesome structure dead center in this crater on Earths moon. The building has two layers. A thicker triangular 1st floor and a round tubular second floor. Now I say floor, but from the size of this crater, I would estimate the diameter of this structure to be about 4km across. That would make this structure about 3km tall. So, there are lots of levels within this huge structure. This was found by Youtuber "UFOsAboveUS," and is 100% proof that NASA has been hiding aliens from us all along. Scott C. Waring
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Massive Sinkhole Prompts The Evacuation of Hundreds of Homes In El Salvador
Massive Sinkhole Prompts The Evacuation of Hundreds of Homes In El Salvador
A giant sinkhole has opened up in Santa Lucia, El Salvador prompting a massive evacuation of more than 400 homes on October 16, 2019. Drone footage shows homes teetering on the edge of the crater the size of a football pitch.
the massive sinkhole in El Salvador forced the evacuation of at least 400 homes in Santa Lucia, El Salvador.
A huge sinkhole opened up in the town of Santa Lucia, Llopango in El Salvador on October 16, 2019, putting more than 400 homes at risk – which have been later evacuated.
The area has now been classified as a disaster zone.
According to local authorities, the sinkhole continues to grow larger endangering even more people and properties. It is now measuring ana amazing 70 meters (230 feet) deep.
The sinkhole has been an issue for several years but is believed to have been made worse after heavy tropical rains hit the region.
The giant sinkhole is growing since 10 years.
And here a video from a local news outlet showing the sinkhole and the families evacuating:
Sinkholes are caused by erosion and the drainage of water. They can be the result of natural processes or they can be triggered by human activity.
I really don’t know how this sinkhole in El Salvador formed, but it is insanely deep and wide. A lott of people living around can be happy to still be alive today! [El Salvador]
Aliens don't exist and we are totally alone in a bleak lifeless universe, scientist says
Aliens don't exist and we are totally alone in a bleak lifeless universe, scientist says
By Jasper Hamill, Science & Technology Reporter
If you think life on Earth is hard and grim, we have some terrible news for you: this could be as good as it gets.
A top British scientist has claimed that humanity could be alone in a vast universe that’s totally devoid of alien life.
Nick Longrich, a senior lecturer in palaeontology and evolutionary biology at the University of Bath, has said that the evolution of intelligent life on Earth (which means us, in case you’re wondering) is so spectacularly unlikely it may have happened just once.
In an article for The Conversation, he wrote: ‘Are we alone in the universe? It comes down to whether intelligence is a probable outcome of natural selection, or an improbable fluke.
[By definition, probable events occur frequently, improbable events occur rarely – or once. Our evolutionary history shows that many key adaptations – not just intelligence, but complex animals, complex cells, photosynthesis, and life itself – were unique, one-off events, and therefore highly improbable.
‘Our evolution may have been like winning the lottery … only far bless likely.
‘The universe is astonishingly vast. The Milky Way has more than 100 billion stars, and there are over a trillion galaxies in the visible universe, the tiny fraction of the universe we can see. Even if habitable worlds are rare, their sheer number – there are as many planets as stars, maybe more – suggests lots of life is out there.
‘So where is everyone? This is the Fermi paradox. The universe is large, and old, with time and room for intelligence to evolve, but there’s no evidence of it.’
‘Could intelligence simply be unlikely to evolve? Unfortunately, we can’t study extraterrestrial life to answer this question. But we can study some 4.5 billion years of Earth’s history, looking at where evolution repeats itself, or doesn’t.’
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We have been totally unable to discover proof of alien life
(Image: Getty)
To illustrate just how lucky our species has been to have evolved to our current state of intelligence, he sketched a vivid picture of evolution which shows how many lucky breaks life was given here on Earth.
He added: ‘Humans couldn’t evolve until fish evolved bones that let them crawl onto land. Bones couldn’t evolve until complex animals appeared. Complex animals needed complex cells, and complex cells needed oxygen, made by photosynthesis. None of this happens without the evolution of life, a singular event among singular events.
‘All organisms come from a single ancestor; as far as we can tell, life only happened once.
‘Curiously, all this takes a surprisingly long time. Photosynthesis evolved 1.5 billion years after the Earth’s formation, complex cells after 2.7 billion years, complex animals after 4 billion years, and human intelligence 4.5 billion years after the Earth formed. That these innovations are so useful but took so long to evolve implies that they’re exceedingly improbable.
‘These one-off innovations, critical flukes, may create a chain of evolutionary bottlenecks or filters. If so, our evolution wasn’t like winning the lottery. It was like winning the lottery again, and again, and again. On other worlds, these critical adaptations might have evolved too late for intelligence to emerge before their suns went nova, or not at all.
‘Imagine that intelligence depends on a chain of seven unlikely innovations – the origin of life, photosynthesis, complex cells, sex, complex animals, skeletons and intelligence itself – each with a 10% chance of evolving. The odds of evolving intelligence become one in 10 million.
µ‘But complex adaptations might be even less likely. Photosynthesis required a series of adaptations in proteins, pigments and membranes. Eumetazoan animals required multiple anatomical innovations (nerves, muscles, mouths and so on). So maybe each of these seven key innovations evolve just 1% of the time. If so, intelligence will evolve on just 1 in 100 trillion habitable worlds. If habitable worlds are rare, then we might be the only intelligent life in the galaxy, or even the visible universe.
‘And yet, we’re here. That must count for something, right? If evolution gets lucky one in 100 trillion times, what are the odds we happen to be on a planet where it happened? Actually, the odds of being on that improbable world are 100%, because we couldn’t have this conversation on a world where photosynthesis, complex cells, or animals didn’t evolve. That’s the anthropic principle: Earth’s history must have allowed intelligent life to evolve, or we wouldn’t be here to ponder it.
‘Intelligence seems to depend on a chain of improbable events. But given the vast number of planets, then like an infinite number of monkeys pounding on an infinite number of typewriters to write Hamlet, it’s bound to evolve somewhere. The improbable result was us.’-
Mysterious alien-like living being with no brain and 720 sexes unveiled
Mysterious alien-like living being with no brain and 720 sexes unveiled
It has no brain, is bright yellow and has 720 sexes. It isn't something out of a horror movie – but rather a new organism dubbed "The Blob".
It looks like a fungus and can digest food - despite having no mouth or stomach.
It has no brain, is bright yellow and has 720 sexes. It isn't something out of a horror movie – but rather a new organism dubbed "The Blob". (Supplied)
It has no legs, and yet it can move. It has no eyes, but somehow it can "see" food.
It can also heal itself in two minutes.
The strange being is named after 1958 Steve McQueen movie, The Blob, which saw a gooey alien life form engulf everything it came across.(Supplied)
Scientists also say it can learn- but admit they're baffled by it.
"The blob is a living being which belongs to one of nature's mysteries", Bruno David, director of the Paris Museum of Natural History, told Reuters.
It's named after 1958 Steve McQueen movie, The Blob, which saw a gooey alien life form engulf everything it came across.
UFO Crashed After Battle With Red Object in Australian Sky, Locals Claim
UFO Crashed After Battle With Red Object in Australian Sky, Locals Claim
While many sightings of unidentified flying objects include spotting dots and circles in the sky, Rob and Phil Tindale insist that what they saw as children looked like a fight and subsequent crash. Although their encounter dates back to 1980, they refuse to believe the objects were anything else but aliens.
Australians Rob and Phil Tindale insist that they saw two UFOs in the sky outside their home in Adelaide Hills nearly 40 years ago, when they were just 10 years old. They described what they witnessed as a “bright yellow object” and a thing emitting “a red light”.
According to the brothers, cited by the Daily Mail, they spotted the first one “above the tree line at the end of the valley” from the ground prior to a red one appearing and trying to charge at it before the “blow flies on steroids” flew with “extreme speed” and disappeared within 15 minutes. Meanwhile, the yellow one made an “emergency crash landing” and ended up in a tree, they said.
“They crossed the valley-head back and forth many times in a hectic paired chase. Eventually the yellow one sped off at extraordinary speed to our right, and disappeared behind the hill. The red one had also gone. Neither myself, nor my brother were certain whether the red one had followed or simply left”, Phil said.
According to him, the area was less populated and sparsely treed, and no noises were heard at night.
“Not that this was unusual, there were fewer people in the hills back then. But there was no engine noise from this bobbing light at the end of our valley”, Phil said.
Although the two woke their parents up, they refused to do anything and sent the witnesses back to bed. Their grandmother, however, found an article in their local paper titled “Aussie Sure UFO Damaged Trees” about a purported alien spacecraft crashing on the same night when they witnessed the mysterious battle. Daryl Browne, who reported the crash, is said to have heard a tree “creaking and groaning”.
He claimed to have discovered an eight-metre yellow craft when he approached the site, and called the authorities. However, by the time he and investigators had got there, the object was gone, leaving no traces but damages.
It has long been believed that the dunes on Saturn’s largest moon formed from rainfall – but new evidence suggests otherwise.
Experts now claim that the mounds were shaped through a chemical reaction when cosmic rays hit ice on Titan’s surface.
The team recreated the process in a lab and found it created the same organic molecules found in dunes, and could explain similar formations on other planets or moons with no atmosphere.
Scroll down for videos
It has long been believed that the dunes on Saturn’s largest moon formed from rainfall – but new evidence suggests otherwise
(artist impression)
The study was conducted by a trio of researchers at the University of Hawaii who analyzed the theory that Titan’s atmosphere consisted of some organic molecules, made up of long chains of carbon atoms.
The data was captured by the Cassini space probe and sparked the idea that the molecules had to have fallen from the atmosphere and formed the dunes.
However, the trio of researchers believed otherwise – that the dunes covering part of the equatorial region of Titan’s surface formed from a chemical reaction.
To test this theory, the team made batches of acetylene ice, the ice found on Titan, in a lab and then attacked it with radiation similar to that experienced by Titan.
It has long been believed that the dunes on Saturn’s largest moon formed from rainfall – but new evidence suggests otherwise. Experts now claim that the mounds were shaped through a chemical reaction when cosmic rays hit ice on Titan’s surface
They then heated the ice until it sublimated, leaving behind material made of organic molecules similar to those believed to form the dunes on Titan.
In so doing, they found that the process could produce phenanthrene in as little as 100 years --other molecules would take longer.
The team recreated the process in a lab and found it created the same organic molecules found in dunes, and could explain similar formations on other planets or moons with no atmosphere (pictured is Saturn with its moon Titan orbiting it)
WHAT DID CASSINI DISCOVER DURING ITS 20-YEAR MISSION TO SATURN?
Cassini launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida in 1997, then spent seven years in transit followed by 13 years orbiting Saturn.
An artist's impression of the Cassini spacecraft studying Saturn
In 2000 it spent six months studying Jupiter before reaching Saturn in 2004.
In that time, it discovered six more moons around Saturn, three-dimensional structures towering above Saturn's rings, and a giant storm that raged across the planet for nearly a year.
On 13 December 2004 it made its first flyby of Saturn's moons Titan and Dione.
On 24 December it released the European Space Agency-built Huygens probe on Saturn's moon Titan to study its atmosphere and surface composition.
There it discovered eerie hydrocarbon lakes made from ethane and methane.
In 2008, Cassini completed its primary mission to explore the Saturn system and began its mission extension (the Cassini Equinox Mission).
In 2010 it began its second mission (Cassini Solstice Mission) which lasted until it exploded in Saturn's atmosphere.
In December 2011, Cassini obtained the highest resolution images of Saturn's moon Enceladus.
In December of the following year it tracked the transit of Venus to test the feasibility of observing planets outside our solar system.
In March 2013 Cassini made the last flyby of Saturn's moon Rhea and measured its internal structure and gravitational pull.
Cassini didn't just study Saturn - it also captured incredible views of its many moons. In the image above, Saturn's moon Enceladus can be seen drifting before the rings and the tiny moon Pandora. It was captured on Nov. 1, 2009, with the entire scene is backlit by the Sun
In July of that year Cassini captured a black-lit Saturn to examine the rings in fine detail and also captured an image of Earth.
In April of this year it completed its closest flyby of Titan and started its Grande Finale orbit which finished on September 15.
'The mission has changed the way we think of where life may have developed beyond our Earth,' said Andrew Coates, head of the Planetary Science Group at Mullard Space Science Laboratory at University College London.
'As well as Mars, outer planet moons like Enceladus, Europa and even Titan are now top contenders for life elsewhere,' he added. 'We've completely rewritten the textbooks about Saturn.'
The team is hopeful about this new theory, as it could explain why other planets and moons without atmosphere have similar dunes.
This includes Makemake and Pluto, both of which have shown indications of organic ice on their surface.
The researchers acknowledge that both theories that seek to explain the means by which the dunes on Titan form are still unproven.
But they hope that will change, as NASA plans to send a probe called Dragonfly to Titan, which is set to land near the dunes in 2026.
NASA made an announcement in June during a media teleconference, detailing its vision of a robotic rotorcraft dubbed Dragonfly that will collect samples and measure soil composition in search for signs of habitability.
The enormous, icy moon is said to be the most Earth-like world in the solar system, and previous findings by the Cassini mission suggest it holds some of the ingredients necessary for the emergence of life.
Dragonfly is a bold, game-changing way to explore the solar system,’ said APL Director Ralph Semmel.
‘This mission is a visionary combination of creativity and technical risk-taking that will help us unravel some of the most critical mysteries of the universe — including, possibly, the keys to our origins.'
NASA plans to send a probe called Dragonfly to Titan, which is set to land near the dunes in 2026
(artist impressions)
Initially, Dragonfly will carry out a 2.7-year mission to explore different sites across Titan, including dunes and impact craters.
Observations from the Cassini mission indicate these areas once held liquid water and complex organic materials.
The dual quadcopter will sample these organic surface materials and measure their composition in effort to characterize the large moon’s habitability.
Dragonfly will first touchdown in an equatorial area known as the ‘Shangri-La’ dune fields, which have been compared to the Namibian dunes in southern Africa.
It will then complete ‘leapfrog’ flights of around 5 miles (8km) each to hop to other areas, stopping to take samples from each site.
Eventually, Dragonfly will make its way to the Selk impact crater, where scientists have spotted evidence of last liquid water, organic (carbon-containing) molecules, and energy.
These, together, are said to be the building blocks for life.
Cosmic rays hitting ice on Titan could create its sand dunesNASA/ESA/IPGP/Labex UnivEarthS/University Paris Diderot
Titan is the only other place in the solar system with liquid oceans on its surface, but it also has huge swathes of desert covered in sand dunes. The material that makes up these dunes is commonly assumed to have fallen from the sky, but a new study suggests it may have been made on the ground instead.
The dunes on Titan, Saturn’s largest moon, stretch across its equatorial region and reach heights of up to about 100 metres in some places. Images from NASA’s Cassini spacecraft have shown that the dunes contain some dark-coloured organic molecules, which are built around long chains of carbon atoms.
We can also see organic molecules in Titan’s thick, hazy atmosphere, leading many researchers to infer that they form there and then fall to the ground as rain. But Ralf Kaiser at the University of Hawai’i at Mānoa and his colleagues have found that they may also form on the ground in a process that could also take place on other worlds, even those without atmospheres.
Cassini found the signature of acetylene ice in the same regions as the dunes on Titan, so Kaiser and his team performed an experiment to see if this ice could be chemically converted into complex organic molecules. They bombarded acetylene ice in a laboratory with high-energy radiation similar to the cosmic rays that propagate through the galaxy, then heated the ice up until it sublimated so they could determine its final makeup.
They found that radiation hitting the ice did cause it to react chemically to create the organic molecules we see in Titan’s dunes. These molecules are also likely created in the atmosphere, so they could come from there as well, says Ralph Lorenz at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland.
The process is probably even more efficient on airless worlds such as the dwarf planets Pluto and Makemake, which also show signs of organic ice, says Kaiser.
“Bottom line, we don’t know exactly what the sand is and we don’t know how it got there,” says Lorenz. We know very little about Titan’s surface, which is why NASA is sending the Dragonfly mission there in 2026. Dragonfly will land near the dunes in 2034 and is designed to answer many of our questions about Titan’s chemistry.
Australische broers zijn getuige van luchtgevecht tussen UFO’s. Was het iets buitenaards?
Australische broers zijn getuige van luchtgevecht tussen UFO’s. Was het iets buitenaards?
Bijna 40 jaar geleden was Phil Tindale uit Australië naar eigen zeggen getuige van een luchtgevecht tussen twee UFO’s. Eén van de onbekende objecten crashte uiteindelijk.
Op 7 februari 1980 werd Phil zo rond 21.30 uur geroepen door zijn tweelingbroer Rob. “Kom eens kijken,” zei hij.
Vanuit het raam zagen de 10-jarige jongens op ongeveer één kilometer afstand een geel object boven de bomen.
Achtervolging
Na enkele minuten verscheen een tweede object dat iets groter was en waar een rood licht uit tevoorschijn kwam.
Het naderde het gele object, alsof het een reactie wilde uitlokken.
Het gele object schoot weg, waarna het rode object de achtervolging inzette. De objecten schoten alle kanten op en leken afstanden van een halve kilometer in minder dan een seconde te kunnen afleggen.
De objecten maakten geen geluid.
In de vorm van een speedboat
Uiteindelijk verdween het gele object achter een heuvel en vloog ook het rode object weg. Al met al duurde de sighting zo’n 15 minuten.
“Er waren twee lichten,” zei Rob Tindale tegen The New Zealand Herald. “Ze achtervolgden elkaar en verdwenen allebei achter de horizon.”
In het gebied waar de broers de objecten zagen bleek later een ‘geel ding in de vorm van een speedboat’ te zijn gecrasht. Het was zo’n 10 meter lang.
Iets buitenaards
De 21-jarige Daryl Browne ontdekte het object en besloot de politie te bellen. Toen de politie arriveerde, was het al verdwenen.
Phil is er ‘100 procent’ zeker van dat hij die avond een buitenaards schip heeft gezien.
Rob denkt ook dat het ‘iets buitenaards’ is geweest.
“Zeker in de jaren tachtig konden onze eigen vliegtuigen nog niet zulke snelle bewegingen maken,” klonk het.
Scientists have finally rediscovered the “lost city of Cambodia”. Officially called Mahendraparvata, it was an early Angkorian capital city and one of the first capitals of the Khmer Empire – a Hindu-Buddhist regime that was around from the 9th to the 15th centuries and was located in Southeast Asia.
While archaeologists and historians have known about the ancient city of Mahendraparvata for several decades, they didn’t know exactly where it was located until now. Thanks to airborne laser scanning (or Lidar) as well as ground surveys, an international team of researchers were able to locate the ancient lost city hidden beneath the Cambodian jungle. More precisely, the city was found in the Phnom Kulen plateau which is located to the north-east of Angkor.
Angkor
According to their paper, “The mountainous region of Phnom Kulen has, to date, received strikingly little attention.” It went on to read, “It is almost entirely missing from archaeological maps, except as a scatter of points denoting the remains of some brick temples.” The researchers went into further details on their findings in their paper which can be read in full here.
Between 2012 and 2017, the team conducted several Lidar survey flights over that area and were able to find numerous archaeological features that hadn’t been noticed during the ground surveys. They noticed several features from the lost city that was around 50 square kilometers and were laid out in a grid-like pattern of linear axes. The researchers explained it further by stating, “Dams, reservoir walls and the enclosure walls of temples, neighborhoods and even the royal palace abut or coincide with the embanked linear features.”
Jean-Baptiste Chevance, who is from the Archaeology and Development Foundation in the UK as well as the first author of paper, told Newsweek, “The Ancient Khmer modified the landscape, shaping features on a very large scale – ponds, reservoirs, canals, roads, temples, rice fields, et cetera.” He went on to say, “However, the dense forest often covering the areas of interest is a main constraint to investigating them.”
While the city was designed in an elaborate and sophisticated way, it did not last long as the Khmer Empire moved its important operations to Angkor which was their new capital city. Team member Damian Evans, who is from the French School of the Far East, told New Scientist, “The city may not have lasted for centuries, or perhaps even decades,” adding, “But the cultural and religious significance of the place has lasted right up until the present day.” An aerial view of Mahendraparvata as well as a photo of a temple site can be seen here.
An oblique aerial view of the Phnom Kulen plateau and Mahendraparvata.
Tom DeLonge has never served in the US military but that isn’t stopping the US Army from recruiting him and his organization, the To The Stars Academy. Why? That’s what a lot of military watchdogs are wondering, since this announcement comes shortly after TTSA’s announcement that it has materials from UFOs that don’t match any known earth metals. Should we get ready for a big reveal (cue the green alien balloons) or will it be another TTSA disappointment?
“SAN DIEGO — Oct. 17, 2019 — To The Stars Academy of Arts & Science (TTSA) announced today a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) with the U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command to advance TTSA’s materiel and technology innovations in order to develop enhanced capabilities for Army ground vehicles.
TTSA’s technology solutions, which leverage developments in material science, space-time metric engineering, quantum physics, beamed energy propulsion, and active camouflage, have the potential to enhance survivability and effectiveness of multiple Army systems. TTSA will share its discoveries with Ground Vehicle System Center (GVSC) and Ground Vehicle Survivability and Protection (GVSP) and the U.S. Army shall provide laboratories, expertise, support, and resources to help characterize the technologies and its applications.
“Our partnership with TTSA serves as an exciting, non-traditional source for novel materials and transformational technologies to enhance our military ground system capabilities,” said Dr. Joseph Cannon of U.S. Army Futures Command. “At the Army’s Ground Vehicle Systems Center, we look forward to this partnership and the potential technical innovations forthcoming.””
Well, that quote from TTSA’s announcement explains everything … not. For one thing, Joseph Trevithick and Brett Tingley at The War Zone point out that the announcement is vague and non-specific. Their research into the CRADA agreement found that it’s full of legalese … except for one interesting paragraph:
“To the Stars Academy of Arts and Science is a company with materiel and technology innovations that offer capability advancements for Army ground vehicles. These technology innovations have been acquired, designed, and produced by the Collaborator [TTSA], leveraging advancements in metamaterials and quantum physics to push performance gains.”
This could use some help.
In other words, the Army is admitting that DeLonge’s TTSA HAS “materiel and technology innovations” it is interested in. Since it’s hard to believe TTSA has developed materiel (military materials and equipment) that the military doesn’t already know about, this appears to be a confirmation that it has something the military DOESN’T know about. Is this the materials from UFOs TTSA has been dropping hints about?
“TTSA has had a primary message that the military is hiding information about UAPs, and that has resonated with many of their fans along with their investors. However, now that TTSA has allegedly acquired physical pieces of the “phenomena,” to some, they are now just walking it all back through the doors of the military and sharing the discoveries with those they claim are hiding secrets from the public.”
John Greenewald, Jr. at The Black Vault points out the obvious – TTSA’s part of the deal involves giving materials to the government that they claimed they GOT from the government … things involving “material science, space-time metric engineering, quantum physics, beamed energy propulsion, and active camouflage” according to Popular Mechanics. What is the Army providing to TTSA? “Laboratories, expertise, support, and resources to help characterize the technologies and its applications.” All of the watchdogs and many of the commenters make another obvious point … “resources” most likely means funding, something TTSA desperately needs.
The War Zone drops another interesting tidbit about some of the metamaterial samples that may be changing hands.
“The late Art Bell, long-time host of the paranormal radio program Coast to Coast AM, had originally acquired these from a purported anonymous source. Bell had said the individual claimed that their grandfather had been in an unspecified branch of the U.S. military and that items were related to the Roswell UFO crash conspiracy theory.”
DeLonge claims to have gotten the materials from well-known ufologist Linda Moulton Howe and sold them (you read that right) to TTSA. Howe and DeLonge have both claimed that these metal samples show antigravitational behavior when exposed to certain frequencies of electromagnetic radiation and they can’t be reproduced in a lab.
Are we getting close to one of these in every garage?
The War Zone has written extensively about this TTSA/Army deal and TTSA in general. While it’s essential to have watchdog groups in these times (an understatement if there ever was one), the CRADA agreement also calls for an annual review at the end of each fiscal year through 2023 of progress being made. Will this review be made public? That probably depends on who’s making or losing money at the time.
In the meantime, it would be great if some medium could get in contact with Art Bell and see what he thinks.
Chain Of Giant Arctic Craters Likely Caused By Climate-Altering Supervolcanoes
Chain Of Giant Arctic Craters Likely Caused By Climate-Altering Supervolcanoes
Figure 1.) Rendition of a Supervolcanic Eruption
(Image Credit: MARK GARLICK/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRA/Getty Images/Science Photo Libra, see here)
A 2,000-mile-long linear chain of giant craters located in the Arctic is the likely result of multiple climate-altering supervolcanic eruptions associated with the movement of the North American continent across an underlying non-moving deep earth lower mantle superplume, not random meteor impact strikes.
For many years an impassioned debate has been waged between those who believe these Arctic craters are astronomical in origin with those favoring a volcanic eruption origin.
The recent discovery by the National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA) of two giant craters beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet that is positioned along the Arctic crater trend has pushed this debate back into the spotlight. NASA has stated in no uncertain terms that these two new craters are of astronomical origin.
However, NASA and those advocating an astronomical origin for this chain of giant Arctic craters have failed to include two extremely relevant and telling lines of evidence, the regional geological setting and the dynamics of supervolcanic eruptions.
Regional Geological Setting
A critical factor in determining the origin of giant crater features is to research, understand and then incorporate the Regional Geological Setting. Failure to do this, especially early on, leads to an investigation process that is too narrowly focused.
Limiting the investigation area to a very small geographical area when reviewing world-class-sized crater features, especially those that occur in groups, is an inherently bad idea. The result of this narrow focusing is to bias the search for which massive force or forces is behind the giant craters.
Specifically, biasing scientists to look upward into the vast expanse of outer space rather than looking laterally at regionally extensive geological features.
So, let’s review and then determine the relevance of the regional geological setting associated with the 2,500-mile-long linear chain of giant Arctic craters.
Several observations are extremely telling. First, as per Figure 2, the giant Arctic craters are positioned along with a linear trend which is unusual because meteor Impacts are distributed randomly across the earth and not aligned along with trends.
Figure 2.) A 2,000-mile-long chain of Arctic crater features (red circles) defined by geological, topographic, and research study evidence. Craters are positioned above a major fault shown as a thick black dashed line. (map credit Google Earth, fault line credit and labeling credit J. Kamis).
The trend coincides with the surface trace of a well-mapped major deep-inner earth-reaching fault system (see here).
Major fault trends often act to provide an open pathway for deep inner earth hot lava/magma to explode upward and onto the Earth’s surface. Current information indicates that the Arctic crater features are progressively younger in age to the northeast.
Secondly, major fault trends can tap into extremely deep non-moving/fixed lava pockets (magma chambers) termed lower mantle superplumes.
When activated superplumes violently explode upward along the fault planes thereby periodically expulsing super-high pressure and massive volumes of magma upward and onto outer continental rock layers in the form of supervolcanic eruptions.
As outer continental rock layers move sideways, per continental drift, across the underlying and non-moving superplume, the process creates a long linear chain of supervolcanic eruptions that are progressively younger in one direction. This is exactly what is thought to have occurred with the Arctic craters.
This idea is strengthened by comparison to other analog regional geological settings. An excellent example is the Snake River Plain Volcanic region (see here, here and here).
A 450-mile-long chain of large volcanic eruptions that are progressively younger to the northeast and ultimately terminate at the Yellowstone Supervolcanic Eruption Complex (Figure 3).
Figure 3.) Comparison of here contended to be a chain of Snake River Plain Super-Plume Hotspots which show up as circular collapsed volcanoes (Calderas) with the chain of giant Arctic craters.
(credit image Google Earth and J. Kamis.)
The Snake Palin is expressed at the surface by a topographic low which is the result of downward movement along with major deep-earth-reaching fault zone.
Next, NASA researchers and others have confirmed the effects of an ancient mantle plume that affected various locations along a 1,500-mile stretch from northern Greenland to Iceland. Iceland sits atop the current position of the mantle plume (see here).
Relic bedrock heat flow from this ancient mantle plume is still anomalously high and thereby acting to bottom melt a huge swath of Greenland’s glacial ice sheet.
As a side note, the author has identified three additional giant craters associated with the giant Arctic trend (see Appendix 1). They are not included in this discussion because they are speculative/unproven, however well worth further investigation.
Dynamics of supervolcanic eruptions
The dynamics of supervolcanic eruptions is not well understood, however, recent research has shed light on how these monster volcanoes operate as follows:
Eruptions are located above major fault systems that tap down into the earth’s mantle or more likely lower mantle. These types of faults have non-complex plumbing systems (large open vertical pathways) that allow expulsed lava to rise upward at very high speeds.
Eruptions occur periodically as high pressure in the deep lava pockets exceeds the capability of the vertical fault system to keep the lava chamber from exploding upward.
High-pressure pulses are the result of the rapid warming of water present in the hot lava and not a movement of the lava pocket. Explosive release of huge lava pockets can occur in an extremely short time frame, as little as 48 hours!
For a more detailed explanation, the reader is directed here, here and here.
The dynamics of supervolcanic eruptions also affects the development of minerals within the hot lava mixture.
For many years the presence of the rare metal iridium in rock layers surrounding Earth’s giant crater features was considered by many scientists as strong proof and some said absolute proof, that the crater was of meteor impact origin.
This was based on the then thought to be 100% settled scientific fact that Iridium is common in meteors but extremely rare in earth’s outer crust rock layers.
Therefore, finding significant concentrations of iridium in rock layers that form the circular rim of Earth’s giant crater features must be strong proof of a meteor impact origin.
This supposed scientific fact has since been proven to be incorrect, primarily because significant concentrations of Iridium have been discovered in one of the largest outflows of molten lava on earth, the Deccan Traps.
This huge geographically extensive geological feature is not a crater and is now thought to be one of the primary and some say the root cause of the Great Dinosaur Extinction Event (Gerta Keller Princeton University and here).
The Deccan Traps lava flows were sourced by an underlying major fault break (see here and here) extending downward into Earth’s iridium rich mantle.
It is now accepted that the presence of Iridium in crater rocks is not absolute proof of a meteor impact origin, rather proof of a meteor impact or supervolcanic eruption (see here).
As was true with Iridium, for many years the presence of the rare mineral termed Shock Quartz in rock layers surrounding earth’s giant crater features was considered by many scientists as strong proof, and some said absolute proof, that the crater was of meteor impact origin.
New research has shown that shock quartz can theoretically be generated by supervolcanic eruptions as has recently been proven to be the case with the transformation of carbon to diamonds (see here and quote below).
“These findings contradict recent molecular dynamics simulation results for the shock-induced graphite-to-diamond transformation and provide a benchmark for future theoretical simulations. Additionally, our results show that an earlier report of HD forming above 170 GPa for shocked pyrolytic graphite may lead to incorrect interpretations of meteor impact events…The coupling of planar impact experiments and synchrotron XRD measurements has provided real-time, in situ structural information on the shock-induced graphite-to-diamond transformation. Shock-compressed pyrolytic graphite transforms to HD at a much lower stress than previously reported (35) and without CD formation. In addition to graphite, other shock-compressed minerals (for example, quartz) that transform to high-pressure structures are also used as markers for meteorite impacts (44). Thus, experimental results—similar to those presented here for the graphite-to-diamond transformation—can greatly benefit studies of shock metamorphism in other minerals.” (see here)
Shock Quartz is generated by an almost instantaneous pulse of super-high pressure onto relatively low-temperature, silica-rich molten lava/magma which is here contended to be the case with violent supervolcanic eruptions fed by magma from lower Mantle superplumes.
Other Evidence
The Nastapoka Arc (Figure 2) which is one of the larger crater-like features in the Arctic and has been research-proven to be absent of Iridium and Shock Quartz. This throws into question the consensus scientific theory that this crater and other craters along this trend are 100% proven to be of astronomical origin.
Regional geological mapping also shows that this arc is likely not of meteor impact origin because the arc is not circular feature, rather a distinct semi-circle sharply cut off by a major fault (see here).
Recent research studies have confirmed that all five Earth’s climate-altering mass extinctions are the result of massive world-class pulses of volcanism from land and ocean geological features including the previously thought to be Meteor Impact end of the dinosaurs.
These extinction events include the Ordovician (450 MYA), Devonian (370 MYA), Permian (252 MYA), Triassic (200 Mya), and K-Pg (dinosaur). The main take away from these volcanically induced mass extinctions is that until very recently many mass extinctions were still attributed to astronomical forces.
So, it is always a good idea to follow proper scientific methodology, keep an open mind and evaluate new data. Theories can change even those thought to be 100% settled.
Numerous World-Class Rare Metallic Mineral Mines are located south of the chain of Arctic craters all associated with deep earth reaching major fault systems.
Fault systems that brought rare minerals to the surface likely from the Lower Mantle. This emphasizes the important and very active role of regional geological features in the Arctic craters area.
SUMMARY
Convincing, abundant and reliable evidence indicates that a long linear chain of giant crater features located in northeast Canada and northern Greenland are of supervolcanic and not astronomical in origin.
This includes the two recently discovered giant subglacial crater features located in northwest Greenland and three new giant crater features designated by the author (see Appendix 1).
In the past, the scientific community has in some cases narrowly focused their investigation of earth’s giant crater features in limited geographical regions, thereby not properly evaluating the significance of the regional geological setting.
In addition, they have not correctly interpreted the presence or absence of Iridium and Shock Quartz. Nor have they taken into consideration the growing amount of evidence that supervolcanic eruptions are a different kind of beast.
It’s way past time for the consensus scientific community to inform the public that supervolcanic eruptions have in past acted to control much of Earth’s climate and have forced many anomalous climate-related events most notably mass extinctions.
In a broader sense, this is yet another example of how geological forces have an underappreciated, underestimated but significant influence on our planet’s climate as per the Plate Climatology Theory.
FOOTNOTE FROM AUTHOR:
This article is not intended to cast aspersions on NASA, other scientific organizations, or the dedicated high-skilled staff of scientists working for these organizations.
Rather it is intended to present a plausible alternative explanation of a long linear chain of giant climate-altering craters located in the Arctic.
Neither is this article intended to imply that all crater giant features are of supervolcanic origin.
However, the author strongly believes that it is critical to take into account the regional geological setting and the possible involvement of supervolcanic eruptions when attempting to determine the origin of the earth’s giant crater features.
James Edward Kamis is a retired professional Geologist with 42 years of experience, a B.S. in Geology from Northern Illinois University (1973), an M.S. in geology from Idaho State University (1977), and a longtime member of AAPG who has always been fascinated by the connection between Geology and Climate. More than 42 years of research/observation have convinced him that Geological forces, especially Earth’s Upper Mantle Convection Systems which drive the dynamics of outer crustal plates, are an important driver of the Earth’s climate as per his Plate Climatology Theory.
Something weird falls from the sky during lightning storm in San Antonio
Something weird falls from the sky during lightning storm in San Antonio
It happened during a storm in San Antonio on October 16, 2019 when suddenly a dark object fell from the sky at the time of a lightning strike.
Watching the video, the dark object appears next to the lightning strike before it falls to the ground. It is unknown what the object might have been but what makes it weird is that it's faster than the lightning.
The photographer said that he was recording to lightning on super slow mode when he caught the object.
US Army is Collaborating with UFO Researchers to Develop Futuristic Technologies
US Army is Collaborating with UFO Researchers to Develop Futuristic Technologies
Not everyone took a team of UFO researchers seriously when it claimed to have material from a crashed extra-terrestrial spacecraft that did not bear any relation to alloys or metals currently known.
However, it appears that the US military shows interest with the claim.
To The Stars Academy of Arts and Science (TTSA) made an announcement on a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with the US Army Combat Capabilities Development Command.
Initially, the partnership will see TTSA help develop enhance capabilities for Army ground vehicles.
TTSA says the project will use their recent innovations, which, together, will have the potential to improve the survivability and effectiveness of multiple Army systems. These innovations include material science, quantum physics, space-time metric engineering, active camouflage, and beamed energy propulsion.
Before the latest development, TTSA published a set of photos showing several flat metallic-looking objects, which they said were debris from a UFO crash.
Dr. Joseph Cannon of US Army Futures Command said their partnership with To The Stars serves as a non-traditional, new source for transformational technologies and novel materials to enhance their military ground system capabilities.
He explained that they look forward to this partnership and the potential technical innovations forthcoming at the Army’s Ground Vehicle Systems Centre.
Steve Justine, former head of Advanced Systems at Lockheed Martin’s Skunk Works, now leads TTSA’s Technology and Aerospace team. Skunk Works is the centre of advanced and experimental aviation research that produced many cutting-edge warplanes, including the F117 Stealth Fighter.
Justine has spoken out about the exotic materials that are currently in their possession. He said the composition and structure of these materials weren’t from any known existing commercial or military application.
According to Justine, they have contracted laboratories to analyse multiple material samples and have plans to further expand the scope of this study.
Talking on the new collaboration with the US military, he said that it brings additional, critically important expertise that’s important to advance the state-of-the-art in both their near and long-term technology areas of study.
Justine said the Army has specific military performance interest in the research, but much of the work is expected to have double-use application in support of TTSA’s path to commercialisation and public benefit mission.
The US Navy recently confirmed that the UFO captured on on-board cameras of Navy fighter jets were real. The confirmation is the most reliable evidence yet that at least some UFOs are real and that the US military knows about them.
NASA’s Limbed Excursion Mechanical Utility Robot (LEMUR) can autonomously walk, climb, and crawl, and now other robots using its technology, are going to be, or have already been, sent intospace.
Among theserobots are the RoboSimian, Robonaut 2, Ice Worm, Underwater Gripper, Dragonfly, and Astrobee, and the wall-climbing LEMUR is the source of many of the skills that are going to really freak the hell out of those aliens who live on Mars.
The LEMUR, with its four limbs and hundreds of tiny fishhooks in each of its 16 fingers (yes, 16) and top of the lineartificial intelligence, recently scaled a steep rock wall in Death Valley while at the same time keeping an artificial eye out for ancient fossils to simulate a mission of searching for signs of life on Mars.
That’s a little unnerving. However, the most creepy of all of these NASA space robots might just be the Ice Worm.
Adapted from a single limb of LEMUR, Ice Worm moves by scrunching and extending its joints like an inchworm. The robot climbs ice walls by drilling one end at a time into the hard surface. It can use the same technique to stabilize itself while taking scientific samples, even on a precipice. The robot also has LEMUR’s AI, enabling it to navigate by learning from past mistakes. To hone its technical skills, JPL project lead Aaron Parness tests Ice Worm on glaciers in Antarctica and ice caves on Mount St. Helens so that it can one day contribute to science on Earth and more distant worlds: Ice Worm is part of a generation of projects being developed to explore the icy moons of Saturn and Jupiter, which may have oceans under their frozen crusts.
Speaking of Saturn, NASA recently announced that they are developing shapeshifting robots (pictured at the top of the page) that will study Saturn’s very important moon Titan.
That’s right, shapeshifting robots.
In a dusty robotics yard at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, the Shapeshifter team is testing a 3D-printed prototype of this unusual explorer. A contraption that looks like a drone encased in an elongated hamster wheel rolls across the yard, then splits in half. Once separated, the two halves rise on small propellers, effectively becoming flying drones for aerial exploration. These 3D-printed parts are only the beginning; the team imagines a series of up to 12 robots that could transform into a swimming probe or a team of cave explorers.
The Shapeshifter will have to wait its turn to go into outer space though. Next up for a mission to Titan will be the Dragonfly in 2026.
Check out even more of the NASA robots that will be our eyes and ears… and hands, and legs, and brains… in space today and in the coming years below.
Vertebrae from a whale, shown about seven months after its carcass was placed at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean. By this time, the bones were covered with a dense carpet of red Osedax (“bone devouring”) worms.
IT WAS A CALM DAY on the Pacific Ocean. Perfect conditions for a sunset sailing cruise, or maybe a kayaking trip. But on April 11, 2007, scientists at the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) had no time for such frivolity. Their mission? To plant a whale carcass on the bottom of the ocean, creating what microbiologists call a “whale fall.”
The scene was absurd. A deal had been struck between The Coast Guard/Department of Fish and Wildlife and the MBARI researchers: if they could seize a dead whale before it drifted too close to shore (removing a beached whale is, apparently, very difficult), then the researchers were free to use it for their own purposes. Eventually they got the call—dead whale, floating in the water, up for grabs.
Because of their size and propensity for landing in deep parts of the ocean, dead whales present unique experimental parameters for researchers. For the last couple of decades, scientists have been studying fallen whale carcasses and the surrounding seafloor ecosystems where they eventually settle. But the ocean is expansive; the odds of finding a whale fall are slim, so when scientists get the chance to create one for themselves, it’s not something to pass up. MBARI researchers have sunk five whales in the last 15 years, at different depths.
Researchers from the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute prepare to tow a dead whale off a beach in Monterey Bay. This carcass was sunk 1,800 meters deep in Monterey Canyon, and was nicknamed “Patrick” by MBARI researchers.
Above water, the majority of energy for all living things is created in the form of carbon, through the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthetic organisms (like plants) take in sunlight, and most animals get their energy secondhand by eating plants (or by eating animals that eat plants). But little, if any, sunlight penetrates the ocean with enough intensity to reach many of these sunken whale graves—without light, no carbon-containing organic molecules can be produced via photosynthesis.* So past a certain depth, there should be no life.
At least, that’s what the conventional wisdom said. That was before the discovery of extremophiles, organisms that dwell in the deep and rely upon their austere surroundings. Despite the dearth of carbon in these extreme environments, it is still generally the preferred food of extremophiles; hoping for a nutritious meal, these bacteria seek salvation from on high. Divine providence usually comes in the form of dead phytoplankton: microscopic, photosynthetic organisms that live near the ocean surface and sink to the bottom when they die (a phenomenon known as “marine snow”). But by the time phytoplankton reach the ocean floor, they retain very little in the way of organic carbon, having been picked over by other creatures living in the sea. For the sediment-bound microbes below, it’s a living off leftovers. That is, until a whale shows up.
In 2007, the MBARI scientists, joined by microbiologist (and 2016 MacArthur Genius Grant recipient) Victoria Orphan, reached their whale before it had run aground and secured a line on its tail, dragging it back out into the open ocean. This particular whale, affectionately (and posthumously) named “Patrick,” unwittingly donated his body to science; you might say that Patrick became food for thought.
When a whale begins to decompose on the ocean’s surface, bacteria eat away at the fat, kickstarting the fermentation process. In the same way that yeast causes bread to rise by releasing air, these decomposers also release gas—but this gas has no way to escape, and remains trapped inside the whale, keeping it afloat. In order to sink the carcass, the scientists had to either release the gas, or fit the deceased with some, uh, nice new concrete shoes.
Lacking the materials to deflate a mound of blubber, they opted for the latter choice, attaching wheels from a train to the whale’s tail. Unfortunately, the makeshift anchor was not heavy enough to overcome the buoyancy of the entrapped gases. “It was this big dramatic thing. They pushed the anchor off and the whale bobs underneath and is hanging vertically in the water, just kind of sitting there,” Orphan says. “And everybody looks around; okay, well now what?”
The MBARI group went back to shore to gather more weight, attaching a GPS transponder to the whale so they could find it again. When the scientists returned to the site, they found their transponder gone and their whale nowhere in sight. They had misplaced the whale.
Luckily, they stumbled upon it six months later—by happenstance.
When a whale is laid to rest in such a nutrition-starved community, it disrupts the natural order, serving as a bountiful buffet for many sea dwellers. According to Orphan, “people have done calculations of it being equivalent to many years, maybe even hundreds of years, of marine snow, all concentrated in one area.” The fat and blubber are eaten by sharks and other large scavengers, and smaller organisms (such as starfish and sea cucumbers) join in until nothing remains but a skeleton.
While skeletons are generally associated with death, decay, and lifelessness, they are positive omens on the ocean floor. Like a rainy season precipitates a robust harvest, a whale fall means good eating for the extremophiles that live in seafloor sediment—it’s nothing short of a miracle. Larger creatures can’t digest bone, but some bacteria are perfectly suited for a skeletal diet. Eventually, the skeleton will be buried under sediment, and the microscopic bacteria that spend their lives eking out a famished living in the dark will flourish.
Imagine a Costco warehouse was dropped into the middle of an arid desert. Populations would explode, and people would flock to the new metropolitan scene: call it CostcOasis. And for some time, the surrounding area would be unrecognizable, teeming with life in a once barren ecosystem.
And like the epicenter of an earthquake, the magnitude of CostcOasis’s impact would radially decrease—there would be a flurry of activity inside the warehouse, less activity within a one mile radius, and less activity still within a 10-mile radius.
But the natural world always returns to its natural state. Sooner or later, CostcOasis would run out of jumbo bags of Brussels sprouts, beets and bananas. With all of the food eaten, human populations would either migrate away, or dwindle back to their initial, small numbers. These humans would have left waste behind, and secondary consumers would flock to the area—it would be a fly paradise, with insects and all sorts of vermin picking over food waste and human fecal matter.
It’s no different for a whale fall—given enough time, nature uses everything. It can take a while for the community to fully digest a whale, but eventually, all of the carbon will be consumed. The bacterial communities that exist on whale falls can survive for up to 100 years (maybe even longer); for this duration, life will flourish.
“It gives us insight, a speeded up movie of how organic carbon is processed,” Orphan says. “You have this additional advantage of knowing a ‘time zero,’ at least for the whales you put down there.” Researchers can observe the communities return to their baseline populations once all of the carbon has been extracted. This first happens at the epicenter, and gradually the surrounding communities, the whale fall suburbs, follow suit.
After he was laid to rest, Patrick was revisited by the MBARI team every few months, and an intensive longitudinal study of his corpse (along with the other sunken whales at disparate depths) followed this process. Over the past 10 years, scientists discovered new species of bone-eating worms and snails, and gained a better understanding of the alien environment that is the deep sea.
And while there is little of Patrick left, the sediment underneath his corpse is still paying dividends, providing the valuable extremophile bacteria samples that Orphan and other scientists use in their research.
Bonita Lam, a researcher at the University of Southern California, uses these samples in her experiments on bacteria that “breathe rocks.” Breathing, to a microbiologist, refers to flow of electrons, not the intake of oxygen. In order to sustain their electron flow, all organisms need electron donors and electron acceptors—for most animals, this means receiving electrons from the glucose in food and passing them to the oxygen we inhale.
But extremophile bacteria live in oxygen-deficient ecosystems. To overcome this obstacle, they have adapted ways to use materials like methane gas and manganese rock as their electron acceptors. Whale fall samples help us learn more about these strange processes. The bacteria gathered from Patrick, for example, possess the strange ability to use a charged electrode as their electron donor—essentially, they can eat electricity.
A few decades ago, the scientific community didn’t think organisms could survive in the deep sea, let alone thrive. “It just shows how much we don’t know about these environments,” Orphan says.
On the surface, it may be a calm day on the Pacific; but don’t be surprised to find a frenzy of activity below. All you need is a dead whale, patience, and maybe some extra train wheels.
*Correction:The story originally stated that without light, no carbon can be produced via photosynthesis. It has been updated to reflect that carbon itself cannot be created.
They have a few videos that went viral on Twitter but there are better versions on their YouTube channel:
Former CIA agent Derrel simulations: “Aliens are cloned and is produced by the government”
Former CIA agent Derrel simulations: “Aliens are cloned and is produced by the government”
Derrel simulations, a former CIA agent known as “Alien Hunter” claims to be the greatest expert in alien abduction, and he claims that aliens cloned and produced by none other than our government.
He investigates alleged alien events for nearly four decades. And, according to his website, at the time his research “has always focused on material evidence.
It” hunts “aliens and collect evidence, data and testimonies of witnesses to expose the true intentions behind these sinister people with their human experiments .
Derrel explains how these foreigners are “made, draw, cloned and produced” by some rebel elements within our government.
He claims that aliens have no planet, their “DNA comes from here.” Explain how all foreigners are genetically modified.
Although statements made by Derrel simulations are very controversial, there is some truth in his explanations that correspond to statements made by the end of Phill Schneider.
Phill Schneider once said that only “gray” humanoid aliens working side by side with American technicians of secret underground base in Dulce, New Mexico, but also humans and aliens working together in a terrible biogenetic experiments.
According to him, they will have programs of human-alien hybrid reproduction, cloning studies aura, advanced mind control applications, implantation of human visual and audio chips, etc. According to Schneider, the Secret Government cloned humans through process improvements in the world’s largest and most advanced biogenetic research facility, also in Los Alamos.
In addition to his skills as a researcher, simulation is also a therapist and a certified hypnotherapist teacher, who allegedly helped hundreds of people who say they are aliens.
He claims that alien abduction is quite common, saying that “one in four people abducted by aliens and victims come from all walks of life.”
But simulation is not out to convince anyone.
He is focused on his mission, and he says in an interview, “” I still have much work to do. I’m a researcher, looking for evidence. “
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South Australian brothers say they witnessed two UFOs in ‘conflict’ before 1980 Stirling crash
South Australian brothers say they witnessed two UFOs in ‘conflict’ before 1980 Stirling crash
Did the brothers really witness two UFOs dogfighting ?
Image Credit: PD - Max Pixel
Frank Chungnews.com.au
Nearly 40 years ago, Phil Tindale believes he witnessed what can only be described as an air battle between two UFOs — which ended with one crashing to earth.
It was about 9.30pm on Thursday, February 7, 1980, and he was at home in the South Australian town of Aldgate when his twin brother Rob called out from his bedroom, “Phil, come and check this out.”
From their window looking down the valley towards Stirling, about 20 minutes southeast of Adelaide, the 10-year-olds saw a bright yellow object “bobbing around” just above the tree line, about 1km away.
After a few minutes, Phil says a second, slightly larger object appeared emitting a red light. In what he describes as almost cartoon-like motion, it “zoomed up” to the yellow object, stopped and reversed, then did it again “as if to prompt a reaction”.
The yellow object then “took off” with the red object in pursuit. They zigzagged across the sky like two “blowflies”, changing direction instantly with no apparent inertia and covering distances he later estimated to be up to half a kilometre in less than a second.
Throughout the “chase”, which Phil says lasted several minutes, the yellow object would periodically stop in mid-flight and shake back and forth “as if caught by some invisible force” before freeing itself.
An Associated Press article from February 8, 1980, about the Stirling UFO sighting.
Source: Supplied
Neither object made any noise. Eventually the yellow object sped off and disappeared behind a hill, and the red object also vanished. In total, he believes the entire sighting lasted about 15 minutes.
Rob Tindale confirmed his brother’s account.
“Certainly there were two lights, one appeared to the chasing the other, they both dipped below the horizon,” he said.
“It was a very memorable thing.”
The same night, a local farmhand, 21-year-old Daryl Browne, reported seeing a “speedboat-shaped yellow thing” like a “half moon” crash into some trees near the horse farm where he worked — in the exact area where the brothers last saw the object.
According to newspaper reports, Mr Browne told police he was watching TV that night when his dogs began howling. “And then I heard the trees smashing,” he said.
“I locked the kids inside and went outside with a torch.”
Mr Browne shone the flashlight into the trees and saw the object, which was “about 25 to 30 feet long” and was not emitting and sound or light. He called police but the object had disappeared by the time they arrived.
At the time, police told media only that there were unexplained broken branches and no other physical evidence. Mr Browne was interviewed by investigators from UFO Research South Australia the next day, who published a report in that month’s UFO Research Australia newsletter.
UFO Research Australia’s first newsletter.
Source: Supplied
Investigators visited the scene the next day.
Source: Supplied
For Phil, 49, the strange sighting was nothing more than a “campfire story” for the next 30 years or so. It wasn’t until around 2009 that he decided to investigate further, revisiting the scene of the crash and delving deep into the UFO topic.
He believes their sighting is unique, saying he has been unable to find virtually any other reports of “conflict” between UFOs. He says he is “100 per cent” convinced what he saw was extraterrestrial, and not military aircraft.
“Over the years I’ve done lots of reading but also personal investigation, contacting people one to one. There are loads of people out there who just don’t report it, don’t talk about it,” he said.
“Not everyone has a fantastically compelling sighting, often it’s just lights in the sky, but there are significant numbers of sightings where there is an object that is so far beyond our capability it has to be extraterrestrial.”
Rob said he was probably a bit more “conservative” than his brother about certain aspects of the UFO topic, but if he had to guess what it was they saw that night, “I would tend on the extraterrestrial side”.
“Certainly in the ‘80s and even these days, the fact that the objects made these quick, jerky motions, couldn’t have happened with the technology we’ve got,” he said, adding that it hadn’t particularly affected him. “It wasn’t like a close encounter, it was just seeing some lights in the sky — like watching a meteorite.”
Phil Tindale believes he witnessed two UFOs as a child in 1980.
Source: Supplied
Interest in the UFO subject has been revitalised in the past two years since The New York Times published a bombshell article revealing the existence of a Pentagon UFO study program. In the same article, a former high-ranking US Navy fighter pilot recounted chasing a “Tic Tac”-shaped UFO.
Phil said commander David Fravor’s description of the object’s movement resembled what he saw. “The instant acceleration, nothing can do that unless you’ve mastered the force of gravity, not using any conventional propulsion,” he said.
He says he has “considered everything” in terms of other possible explanations for what he saw but “the movements of the craft” were simply impossible using “any conventional propulsion”.
“There must be a million people like me,” who have seen things but don’t report them, he adds. In South Australia, at least, Phil is not alone. UFO sightings have been reported in the state since the early 20th century, but surged during the Cold War.
The most famous case was the 1988 incident with the Knowles family, who said they driving along the remote Nullarbor Plain when a large glowing object “like a big ball” chased them and lifted their car off the ground.
Paul Curnow from the South Australia Astronomical Society said it was still common to get from several dozen to hundreds of UFO reports a year in South Australia.
“Probably for every 10 cases you get, nine can be explained in mundane terms,” Mr Curnow told the ABC last year. “Quite often people report a little silver dot in the sky (and it) turned out to be an aircraft. A lot of these things like planes, satellites, planets, even searchlights sometimes, can all add to what people are reporting.”
A new study from Brown University suggests that different deposits of ice at the moon’s south pole not only originated from different sources, but also vary greatly in age.
Deep and shadowed Shackleton Crater near the moon’s south pole is one location where scientists have found deposits of water ice. The ice has the potential to reveal insights about the moon’s history, and the history of our solar system. And it’s potentially useful to future moon explorers.
We tend to think of the moon as a dusty, bone-dry place, and for the most part, that is true. But the moon does have ice, in particular at its south pole, hidden in shadowed craters. Just how the ice got there has been a bit of a mystery, but now a new study suggests it may have various sources, both ancient and more recent.
This water ice has much value, both to scientists and future human explorers. According to Ariel Deutsch, lead author of the study and a graduate student at Brown University:
The ages of these deposits can potentially tell us something about the origin of the ice, which helps us understand the sources and distribution of water in the inner solar system. For exploration purposes, we need to understand the lateral and vertical distributions of these deposits to figure out how best to access them. These distributions evolve with time, so having an idea of the age is important.
Map of known water ice deposits near the lunar south pole, from NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO).
Image via NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center/AmericaSpace.
The findings suggest that not only is some of the ice much older than the rest, but that there are probably different sources as well. Older ice could have come from water-bearing comets and asteroids or ancient volcanism. More recent ice deposits might be the result of pea-sized micrometeorites or implantation by solar wind.
So how did the researchers come to these conclusions?
Using data from NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO), they looked at the ages of large craters near the moon’s south pole – such as Shackleton Crater – in which ice deposits have been found. The age of the craters can be estimated by counting the number of smaller craters inside the larger ones. Since scientists have a pretty good idea of the rate of impacts over time, they can estimate the ages of different kinds of terrain.
India’s Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft also found evidence for ice deposits on the moon back in 2009.
Image via Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO)/Discover.
Most of the ice is found in very old craters, formed about 3.1 billion years ago or more. The ice can’t be any older than the craters themselves, or it would have been vaporized during the impacts. This doesn’t mean the ice must be as old as the craters, either, but it must be old since the distribution of the ice deposits on the crater floors is patchy, suggesting that it has been subjected to impacts by micrometeorites over a long period of time.
Deutsch added:
There have been models of bombardment through time showing that ice starts to concentrate with depth. So if you have a surface layer that’s old, you’d expect more underneath.
What was most surprising was ice in smaller, younger craters. This would imply that those ice deposits are also younger, and were created by a different process than the ice in the older, larger craters. As Deutsch noted:
That was a surprise. There hadn’t really been any observations of ice in younger cold traps before.
While spacecraft like LRO have confirmed the ice deposits – and others, like India’s Chandrayaan-1 mission as well – figuring out how different deposits actually formed will probably require return missions. Additional robotic missions will come first, followed, hopefully, by new crewed missions such as NASA’s planned Artemis mission. Knowing exactly where the ice deposits are located, and how much ice there is, will be important for planning future human missions back to the moon.
Future human missions to the moon, like NASA’s planned Artemis mission, will need resources such as the water ice deposits to help sustain a long-term presence.
Jim Head, a professor at Brown University, explained:
When we think about sending humans back to the moon for long-term exploration, we need to know what resources are there that we can count on, and we currently don’t know. Studies like this one help us make predictions about where we need to go to answer those questions.
Ice on the moon may seem surprising, but it shouldn’t be; Mars has lots of ice, comets and some asteroids have abundant ice, there are many moons in the outer solar system completely covered in an ice crust – with oceans below! – and even Mercuryhas ice deposits near its north pole, in regions with permanent shadow (since there is no atmosphere to distribute heat from the sunlit areas). Scientists will now be able to compare the origins of the moon’s ice with that of other bodies in the solar system, and for future explorers, it will be a much-needed resource.
Bottom line: Water ice deposits near the moon’s south pole appear to be of different ages and have different sources, according to a new study from Brown University.
Huge Flying Disk Seen Over California, Raw Footage! UFO Sighting News.
Huge Flying Disk Seen Over California, Raw Footage! UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Sept 13, 2019 Location of sighting: Lucerne Valley, California, USA This is a great catch that was brought to my attention by Terrys Theories. He posted a video of a black cigar shaped UFO crossing the mountains in the desert of California. This all took place last month. Lucerne Valley has a population of 5,800 so its not surprising that more videos of this UFO didn't come out. This UFO looks like its disk shaped. Also its not far from Area 51 so its has a huge chance of being a secret USAF project. It has no wings, no sound, no windows...very odd indeed. Scott C. Waring-Taiwan Eyewitness states:
Taking a break on my porch at noontime, I looked to the east and saw this strange cigar shaped object about 30 miles away, moving slowly from left to right while tilting occassionally. It then disappeared behind the tallest peak and never came out the other side. Did anybody else see it?
DE RUIMTESCHEPEN UIT DE TIJD VAN DE BIJBEL ZIJN TERUG
DE RUIMTESCHEPEN UIT DE TIJD VAN DE BIJBEL ZIJN TERUG
We leven in bijzondere tijden en het is dan ook niet zo vreemd dat er nu tekenen worden waargenomen van onze verre voorvaderen.
Er worden nu opvallende dingen waargenomen in de lucht, net zoals in de tijd van de Bijbelse profeten.
Ook al ben je geen gelovig christen, dan nog staan er heel interessante dingen in de Bijbel. Zoals de ontmoeting die de profeet Ezechiël had met een aantal buitenaardsen.
Zijn ontmoeting begint als volgt:
Een sterke noordenwind rukt aan zijn haar en kleren en hij ziet een immense, hoog oprijzende wolk. In de wolk ziet hij flitsend vuur, met een gloed die hem doet denken aan gesmolten edelmetaal. Terwijl de wolk Ezechiëls kant op raast, hoort hij een geluid dat steeds harder wordt — een gebulder als van een groot leger.
Wat Ezechiël destijds zag kan misschien vergeleken worden met wat veel mensen tegenwoordig zien en wat wij dimensieportalen noemen. Zoals een grote "onweerswolk" in een verder wolkenloze hemel, met daarin volop bliksemflitsen en objecten die in en uit vliegen.
Hij zag iets dat leek op een enorm, ontzagwekkend voertuig. Het wordt ook wel een wagen genoemd. Het had vier enorme wielen met daarnaast vier bijzondere geestelijke wezens, waarvan later wordt gezegd dat het cherubs zijn.
Van de tijd van Ezechiël gaan we terug naar de huidige en wel enkele weken geleden toen een man genaamd William Guy de veerboot nam van het eiland Ocracoke naar het vasteland. Ocracoke is een eiland ongeveer 50 kilometer voor de Amerikaanse kust bij de staat North Carolina.
Het volgende is wat William Guy zag tijdens die overtocht:
Van William Guy gaan we naar Nancy Lieder die in haar nieuwsbrief zegt dat hetgeen gefilmd is door William Guy gelijk is aan het bekende wiel van Ezechiël. Een soort groot cirkelvormig ruimteschip.
Zij geeft de volgende verklaring voor de vreemde cirkelvormige ufo"s:
Deze cirkelvormige ufo's worden regelmatig wereldwijd gezien en zijn een waarschuwing voor hen die de bedoeling begrijpen van de ervaringen van Ezechiël. Deze profeet is bekend geworden als een die verwoesting en herstel voorspelde. De verschijning van cirkelvormige ufo's of ufo's in een cirkelformatie dient als waarschuwing voor de komende poleshift en de dramatische gevolgen daarvan.
De aarde zal worden verwoest door enorme aardbevingen en hoge vloedgolven die ervoor zullen zorgen dat hele kustregio's zullen verdwijnen, waarbij de bewoners verdrinken en de complete infrastructuur wordt vernietigd. En dit geldt ook in het bijzonder voor het gebied aan de kust van North Carolina waar deze ufo-formatie is waargenomen.
Wij hebben de laatste jaren behoorlijk veel geschreven over het plotseling verschijnen van deze cirkelvormige ufo's en daarom hierna een deel uit een eerder artikel over deze bijzondere verschijningen.
In bepaalde delen van China was de bevolking op vrijdag 19 april 2019 behoorlijk van slag, want er waren vreemde dingen te zien in de lucht.
Het was een ufo die eruit zag zoals op de volgende foto, die al eerder op talloze plaatsen is waargenomen.
Dit schip was niet alleen te zien boven Peking, maar zelfs op een afstand van 100 kilometer van de Chinese hoofdstad werd deze ufo waargenomen.
De ufo verscheen als uit het niets en leek geen geluid te maken.
De waarneming is echt, want er zijn talloze getuigen die deze vreemde lichten hebben gezien.
De vorige keer dat dit ruimteschip door heel veel mensen werd waargenomen was in oktober vorig jaar. Hierna een deel uit een artikel waaruit duidelijk wordt dat dit object veel overeenkomsten vertoont met wat nu in China wordt waargenomen:
We zijn nu inmiddels een week verder en weer is er een waarneming van hetzelfde object.
Het is ontegenzeglijk hetzelfde als het eerdere object, maar wat het is, is een volkomen raadsel. Een buitenaards ruimteschip of, zo blijkt later, een geweldig grote drone die misschien voor een marketingcampagne wordt gebruikt. De tijd zal het leren, hopen we.
Update: 22 september 2018:
De avond voordat de getuige de bijzondere opname maakte van een ruimteschip dat boven de weg hing, is datzelfde object ook door een andere getuige op video vastgelegd.
Dit gebeurde bij de Shakopee Archery Range, eveneens in Minnesota en op ongeveer 85 kilometer afstand van de eerste waarneming.
Er bestaat geen enkele twijfel dat het om hetzelfde object gaat. Maar wat is het?
Origineel artikel: 17 september 2018
Wanneer je ’s avonds laat naar huis rijdt in het donker en je ziet opeens iets vreemds in de lucht, dan doet dat heel onwerkelijk aan.
Maar, als je het met je eigen ogen ziet en je slaagt er ook nog eens in om dit object te fotograferen, dan wordt het wel heel echt. Het volgende voorval speelde zich af op 14 september 2018 in Stillwater in de Amerikaanse staat Minnesota en is ingediend bij Mufon onder nummer 94921.
Een man reed samen met zijn vriendin naar huis toen ze plotseling iets vreemds boven de weg zagen.
De getuige is er absoluut van overtuigd dat het geen weerspiegeling of iets dergelijks is omdat nadat dit object een minuut of vier boven de weg had gehangen, dit opeens met grote snelheid wegvloog. Iets dat door hem en zijn vriendin beiden is gezien.
Ufoloog Scott Waring is heel benieuwd of er die avond ergens in de buurt mensen zijn vermist of tijdelijk zoek geweest zijn. Hij denkt namelijk dat wanneer een ruimteschip zo dichtbij de weg komt er een reden voor moet zijn. En die reden zou heel goed kunnen zijn dat ze van plan waren om één of meerdere mensen te ontvoeren.
En zelfs daarvoor werd dit schip waargenomen en wel in Nederland in 1996. Voor dat verhaal verwijzen wij naar dit eerdere artikel.
White Triangle UFO Seen Entering Hill Over Tenerife Island, Video, UFO Sighting News.
White Triangle UFO Seen Entering Hill Over Tenerife Island, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: August 20, 2019
Location of sighting: Tenerife Island, Spain
This UFO was recorded on an island off of Spain. It looks like the two guys are messing around until one person notices the white UFO overhead. Lucky for us, this person was recording the craft as it slowly lowered down into the hilltop. I believe there is an alien base below Tenerife island and that this hilltop must contain the entrance to this base. This is 100% proof that aliens do have underground bases below the Canary Island area. Best video I have seen all month.
Asteroid alert: Nasa tracks 'hazardous' earth skimming Asteroid 1998 – but will it return?
Asteroid alert: Nasa tracks 'hazardous' earth skimming Asteroid 1998 – but will it return?
AN ASTEROID the size of a skyscraper is set to skim past the earth on Halloween – but the Potentially Hazardous Asteroid (PHA), which is being tracked by NASA, is set to return to our planet.
The 700-metre rock – dubbed Asteroid 1998 HL1 - will speed past the earth between 25-28 October. The asteroid is classified as a Potentially Hazardous Asteroid (PHA). It was first discovered by astronomers at the Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) project at Socorro, New Mexico, in 1998.
The next time it passes closer to Earth than this apparition is on 26 October 2140 when it zips by our planet at a distance of 6.18 million kilometres, or 3.8 million miles.
But before then, the gargantuan Apollo rock will continue to loop the Sun once every 508 days as it moves on an elliptical orbit.
The majority of asteroids on track for the planet are usually burnt up as they enter the Earth’s atmosphere.
NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine has previously warned a potential asteroid collision is more likely than people realise.
The rock hurtled past almost unannounced, causing concern among astronomers.
NASA’s planetary defence officer, Lindley Johnson, wrote in an email to staff: “This one did sneak up on us and it is an interesting story on the limitations of our current survey network.”
However, NASA has continued to assure that “no one should be overly concerned” about the impact of an asteroid or comet.
NASA’s JPL website said: “No known asteroid poses a significant risk of impact with Earth over the next 100 years.”
The strange clouds, known as “lenticular clouds”, are often mistaken for alien spacecraft. The time-lapse video, shared by NASA, shows the clouds in a series of images, lit up by orange glow of the volcano’s lava. The unusually shaped clouds are formed when moist air is forced to flow upwards near a mountain or volcano.
The clouds are formed mostly in the troposphere, the lowest layer of Earth’s atmosphere.
The clouds have often been mistaken for UFOs throughout history, due to their smooth, round structure.
The images were shared by astrophotographer Dario Giannobile on Twitter, captioned “Earthshine Moon and Lenticular Cloud Over Mount Etna Eruption”.
NASA shared the picture on Monday as its astronomy picture of the day. NASA explained: “What's happening above that volcano? Although Mount Etna is seen erupting, the clouds are not related to the eruption.
NASA news: lenticular clouds are often mistaken for UFOs due to their disc-like shape
(Image: Dario Giannobile/NASA)
NASA news: NASA shared a timelapse video of the event
(Image: Dario Giannobile/NASA)
“They are lenticular clouds formed when moist air is forced upwards near a mountain or volcano.
“The surreal scene was captured by chance late last month when the astrophotographer went to Mount Etna, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Sicily, Italy, to photograph the conjunction between the Moon and the star Aldebaran.
“The Moon appears in a bright crescent phase, illuminating an edge of the lower lenticular cloud. Red hot lava flows on the right.
“Besides some breathtaking stills, a companion time-lapse video of the scene shows the lenticular clouds forming and wavering as stars trail far in the distance.”
NASA news: the images were captured by astrophotographer Dario Giannobile
(Image: Dario Giannobile/NASA)
Mount Etna is the most active volcano in Europe, with explosive activity increasing at its New Southeast Crater (NSEC) in July.
The volcano last erupted in May, spewing lava in a number of substantial eruptions.
Two fractures opened at the base of the South-East crater and on the north-eastern flank of the New South-East crater at about 3am local time (2am BST).
Mount Etna, towering above Catania, Sicily's second-largest city, has one of the world's longest documented records of historical volcanism, dating back to 1500 BCE.
The National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV) said their surveillance cameras showed increased gas emissions from the base of the southern flank of NSEC, indicating that a new fissure has opened at the crater.
It created ash emissions, explosions and lava flows. The volcanic ash cloud reached 4.5 km (15 000 feet) above sea level.
Despite this, Mount Etna is considered as one of the safest volcanos in the world, with communities living around the site and a host of tourist spots present.
The eruptions are thought to have caused a total of 77 deaths in its history.
Its unpredictable behaviour sees it being one of the most guarded volcanos in the world.
Tourists are able to climb up Mount Etna, yet are urged to take extra and specific precautions and walk in groups.
The firsts keep rolling in for a 2021 moon mission.
The Pittsburgh-based company Astrobotic plans to send its robotic Peregrine lander to the lunar surface in July 2021, on a mission sponsored by NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) program. The flight will be the first for Peregrine and its rocket, United Launch Alliance's new Vulcan Centaur vehicle, and may mark the first successful moon landing by a private spacecraft. (Another commercial lander and CLPS awardee, Intuitive Machines' Nova-C, is scheduled to launch around the same time.)
Peregrine will also carry the United Kingdom's first-ever moon rover, a little, four-legged craft built by London-based company Spacebit. And another little pioneer will be on the flight as well, it turns out: Japan's first lunar rover, a tiny, wheeled robot named Yaoki, which was developed by Tokyo-based company Dymon.
"We are really excited to fly our mission with Astrobotic. This lunar rover Yaoki will result in the first lunar rover from Japan to explore the lunar surface, and marks a unique contribution to Peregrine's mission," Dymon CEO Shinichiro Nakajima said in a statement.
"Yaoki has already successfully passed more than 100 tests and has the smallest but most effective rover wheels ever produced," Nakajima added. "We are ready to complete development and fly in 2021."
This first mission could be the start of something big on the moon for Dymon. The company aims to land 100 Yaokis by 2030, Dymon representatives have said.
"Dymon’s unique, single-axle rover is a creative design that we look forward to delivering on Peregrine in 2021," Astrobotic CEO John Thornton said in the same statement. "We're excited to deliver this groundbreaking Japanese rover to the moon."
Yaoki and the "walking rover" from Spacebit will have a lot of company on the 2021 flight. Peregrine is toting to the lunar surface about 30 payloads, 14 of which will be provided by NASA.
The U.S. space agency is funding the mission, via CLPS, to the tune of $79.5 million. Intuitive Machines is getting $77 million for its first mission. (The company Orbit Beyond got $97 million in this round of CLPS awards, which were announced in May. But Orbit Beyond has since dropped out, saying it could not meet its September 2020 launch target.)
NASA views the CLPS-funded missions as key enablers of its Artemis program of crewed lunar exploration. That project aims to put astronauts down near the lunar south pole by 2024 and establish a permanent, sustainable human presence on and around the moon by 2028. For example, some of the science gear flying on the robotic landers will assess stores of lunar water ice, an important resource for potential explorers and settlers.
To date, just three entities have successfully soft-landed a spacecraft on the moon: the Soviet Union, the United States and China. The private Israeli outfit SpaceIL and the government of India tried to follow suit this year with the Beresheet and Chandrayaan-2 missions, respectively, but both came up short.
Dymon isn't the only Japanese company that wants to explore the moon. Tokyo-based ispace plans to put down a lander toting customer payloads in 2021, following that up with a rover-deploying surface mission in 2023.
Mike Wall's book about the search for alien life, "Out There" (Grand Central Publishing, 2018; illustrated byKarl Tate), is out now. Follow him on Twitter @michaeldwall. Follow us on Twitter@Spacedotcom orFacebook.
By analyzing the disintegrated remains of distant worlds consumed by their stars, a new study finds that at least some rocky exoplanets may have interiors similar to those of Earth and Mars.
Previous research found that most rocky bodies in our solar system formed amid high levels of oxygen, about 100,000 times higher than what is found in the sun's hydrogen-rich gas. Such oxidation likely reflects the primordial conditions that existed during the earliest stages of rock formation around the sun. Those first rocks ultimately built asteroids, moons and planets.
It remains unclear whether the kind of chemistry seen in the solar system's rocks is typical of planetary systems overall. After all, scientists have yet to bring back rock samples from a neighboring planet such as Mars, much less an exoplanet circling a distant star.
Now, researchers may have found a way to probe the chemistry of distant planets — by analyzing the remains of worlds that crashed into white dwarf stars.
White dwarfs are the dim, fading, Earth-size cores of dead stars that are left behind after average-size stars have exhausted their fuel and shed their outer layers. Our sun will one day end up as a white dwarf, as will more than 90% of all stars in our galaxy.
White dwarfs are incredibly dense (just a teaspoon of matter from a white dwarf would weigh 5 tons, or 4.5 metric tons), which gives them powerful gravitational fields for their size. Prior work has suggested that elements heavier than helium would rapidly sink below the surfaces of these stars under the influence of that powerful gravity. However, astronomers have also previously identified some white dwarfs with atmospheres polluted by heavier elements, including silicon, magnesium, iron, carbon and oxygen, likely the remains of rocky exoplanets and asteroids that collided with those dead stars.
So, the scientists behind the new research gathered the light given off by six of these polluted white dwarfs. Researchers can use the distribution of wavelengths present in such light to calculate what elements are present; so in the case of these polluted white dwarfs, the team could measure how abundant oxidized iron was in rock that had fallen into the dead stars.
"This is the most precise way of measuring the geochemistry of these rocky bodies that we have right now," study lead author Alexandra Doyle, an astrochemist at the University of California, Los Angeles, told Space.com.
The researchers found that when it came to oxygen, the rocky bodies that had orbited these white dwarfs had chemistries similar to those of Earth, Mars and asteroids in our solar system, but unlike that of Mercury.
"These findings enhance the prospects that there are Earth-like rocky bodies out there," study senior author Edward Young, a cosmochemist at the University of California, Los Angeles, told Space.com.
The scientists now plan to analyze more white dwarfs to get a better picture of what exoplanets are like.
"We think we've seen signs of extrasolar bodies like Earth, Mars and some of the asteroids in the solar system's asteroid belt, but there may be hints of bodies like Mercury in the data as well," Doyle said.
The researchers detailed their findings in the Oct. 18 issue of the journal Science.
The U.S. Army and a prominent UFO research group are teaming up to investigate mysterious technology, but won’t come out and say where the tech comes from.
To The Stars Academy of Arts and Science, the organization led by former Blink-182 member Tom DeLonge, will work with the Army to “characterize” technology under the organization’s control, and then use the tech to improve military vehicles. We have a lot of questions about this bizarre partnership, starting with the most important: Where did the technology come from?
To The Stars, which released the infamous Navy-confirmed UFO videos, made the announcement today on its website, saying it has entered into a “Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) with the U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command to advance TTSA’s materiel and technology innovations in order to develop enhanced capabilities for Army ground vehicles.”
CRADAs are a form of joint research agreement between an agency of the federal government and research organizations, particularly academia, in which the feds provide “laboratories ... personnel, facilities, equipment or other resources with or without reimbursement.”
According to multiple definitions of CRADAs on federal websites, the transfer of federal funding is prohibited.
TTSA describes its contribution to the agreement as “technology solutions” that include “material science, space-time metric engineering, quantum physics, beamed energy propulsion, and active camouflage.”
In 1966, a 13-year-old boy was walking his dog and reportedly took this photo of a flying saucer in Wall Township, New Jersey. He showed it to the Army, but no comment was made by the military.
BETTMANNGETTY IMAGES
The Army will provide “laboratories, expertise, support, and resources to help characterize the technologies and its applications.”
“Our partnership with TTSA serves as an exciting, non-traditional source for novel materials and transformational technologies to enhance our military ground system capabilities,” said Dr. Joseph Cannon of Army Futures Command in the press release. “At the Army's Ground Vehicle Systems Center, we look forward to this partnership and the potential technical innovations forthcoming.”
Where did TTSA’s impressive list of technology come from? The implicit answer is: UFOs, also known as Unexplained Aerial Phenomena (UAPs).
UFO/UAP traditionally means anything we spot in the sky that's unusual. But here's the thing: Swamp gas and Venus sightings don't leave behind technology that's so advanced, it needs to be "characterized" by the federal government.
Whatever this technology is, and even To The Stars apparently isn't quite sure, it comes from what we commonly call flying saucers.
According to The New York Times, the Pentagon spent $22 million between 2008 and 2011 on the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP), an organization tasked with looking into UFOs. The program reportedly stored “metal alloys and other materials" that Luis Elizondo, then the director of the AATIP and now the director of global security and special programs at To The Stars, said had been "recovered from unidentified aerial phenomena."
In July, we reported that TTSA acquired “several pieces of metamaterials” sourced from “an advanced aerospace vehicle of unknown origin.” The organization claims it can track ownership of the materials all the way back to the mid-1990s. Exactly where the materials came from is anyone's guess.
Lights in the morning sky over Coast Guard Air Station Salem, Salem, Massachusetts, July 16, 1952. The lights, speculated to be UFOs, were photographed by US Coast Guardsman Shell R. Alpert and witnessed by fellow Coast Guardsman Thomas E. Flaherty.
TIME LIFE PICTURESGETTY IMAGES
It’s hard to know what to make of all this. The Army obviously thinks there's something worth sticking its reputation out for, but there isn't any evidence available to the public to justify its association with a UFO research group.
Funding research into UFOs is one thing, and the U.S. government has done it multiple times over the past 70 years. Expecting actual technology samples from UFOs is another thing. Agreeing to do research and development work on them is something else entirely.
If—and it’s a big if—this technology could be ported over to the military, could it give U.S. troops an advantage on the battlefield? Yes, although at best, that advantage might be no better than giving a caveman’s spear a titanium shaft.
At worst, the technology could prove unreplicable by our modern standards. If you went back in time and gave Benjamin Franklin an iPhone, he would certainly find it fascinating, but be completely unable to duplicate it—and that’s with a time difference of just over 200 years. UFOs, if they are indeed from another world, could be thousands of years ahead of us.
Could To The Stars technology list benefit the Army? Theoretically, yes. “Material science” could lead to tougher, lighter materials able to better resist enemy fire. “Beamed energy propulsion,” which sounds like the use of microwaves or lasers to transfer energy, could enable drones to fly longer. “Active camouflage” sounds like a mimetic camouflage system such as that used by squid or even the Predator.
But does TTAS actually have this technology? Well, we’re just going to have to wait and see.
For The First Time, Physicists Have Observed a Giant Magnetic 'Bridge' Between Galaxies
FIONA MACDONALD
For the first time, scientists have detected evidence of a magnetic field that's associated with the vast intergalactic 'bridge' that links our two nearest galactic neighbours.
Known as the Magellanic Bridge, the bridge is a huge stream of neutral gas that stretches some 75,000 light-years between our two neighbouring galaxies, the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC). Although researchers had predicted it was there, this is the first observation of its magnetic field, and it could help us understand how these vast bridges come to be.
Our closest galactic neighbours, the LMC and SMC (photographed below) are 160,000 and 200,000 light-years from Earth respectively, and are visible in the southern night sky.
ESO/J. Colosimo
Researchers have long known about the Magellanic Bridge that exists between these neighbours, a path with a few known stars inside it. But until now, very little was known about the magnetic field associated with the bridge.
The team has now shown that this newly detected magnetic field is one millionth the strength of Earth's own protective magnetic shield - and it could provide some insight into how it formed.
Two of the leading options are that the magnetic field was generated from within the bridge after the structure formed, or it may have been 'ripped' from the dwarf galaxies thought to have merged and formed the bridge in the first place.
If a bridge between the stars sounds a little sci-fi to you, keep in mind that most of space is made up of different magnetic fields.
"Not only are entire galaxies magnetic, but the faint delicate threads joining galaxies are magnetic, too," said one of the researchers, Bryan Gaensler from the University of Toronto.
"Everywhere we look in the sky, we find magnetism."
The reason we've struggled to study this structure in the past is the fact that these types of cosmic magnetic fields can only be observed indirectly through their effect on other structures in space.
In this case, radio signals from hundreds of very distant galaxies was used to pick up the magnetic field associated with the Magellanic Bridge.
Radio signals can be thought of like waves on the surface of a pond, in that they vibrate along a particular plane in space.
When these radio signals pass through a magnetic field, that plane is rotated, and it allows astronomers to the measure the strength and polarity (direction) of the field.
"The radio emission from the distant galaxies served as background 'flashlights' that shine through the Bridge," said Kaczmarek.
"Its magnetic field then changes the polarisation of the radio signal. How the polarised light is changed tells us about the intervening magnetic field."
Now that we've been able to detect the field, scientists now have a chance to figure out not only how it formed, but the impact it's had on the LMC and SMC.
"In general, we don't know how such vast magnetic fields are generated, nor how these large-scale magnetic fields affect galaxy formation and evolution," said Kaczmarek.
"The LMC and SMC are our nearest neighbours, so understanding how they evolve may help us understand how our Milky Way Galaxy will evolve. Understanding the role that magnetic fields play in the evolution of galaxies and their environment is a fundamental question in astronomy that remains to be answered."
Even cooler is the fact that this is just one study that's part of a bigger project to map the entire Universe's magnetism.
This hypersonic airliner would take you from Los Angeles to Tokyo in under two hours
This hypersonic airliner would take you from Los Angeles to Tokyo in under two hours
The 300-passenger Stratofly MR3 would hit speeds of up to 5,400 miles an hour. Just don't expect to book a flight anytime soon.
Stratofly jet.Stratofly
By Kate Baggaley
In the almost two decades since the retirement of the supersonic Concorde airliner, jet-setters have had to make their peace with planes that poke along at about 500 miles an hour. But with help from new materials and advanced engine technologies, faster-than-sound air travel may be poised for a comeback.
Scientists and engineers on both sides of the Atlantic are developing airliners that would slash the time now required for long flights. The planes would not only fly faster than conventional airliners but also the vaunted Concorde, whose top speed was Mach 2.04, or a bit more than twice the speed of sound (1,354 miles per hour at cruising altitude).
Some researchers are working on a new generation of supersonic airliners, capable of speeds between Mach 1 and Mach 5. Others are dreaming bigger.
Last year, Boeing unveiled a design for a plane capable of reaching Mach 5, the low end of a realm known as hypersonic speed. And the Stratofly MR3, a 300-passenger airliner under development by a European consortium that includes the German Aerospace Center, the French Aerospace Lab and eight other universities and research organizations, would fly faster still.
Model of the Stratofly hypersonic plane.Stratofly
With its needle-sharp profile and advanced powerplants, Stratofly would hit speeds of up to Mach 8 — about 5,400 miles an hour — and reach altitudes of more than 98,000 feet, far above the operational ceiling of conventional airliners.
At that heady altitude, there’s little turbulence or bad weather. Experts say passengers would experience smooth flights and see the curvature of the Earth — though the view would likely be visible through weight-saving window-like video screens rather than actual windows.
“It would be like going to space,” says Michael Smart, a professor of mechanical engineering at the University of Queensland’s Centre for Hypersonics in Brisbane, Australia, who is not involved in the Stratofly project.
Shrinking the globe
While the Concorde was used primarily for transatlantic flights, Stratofly would likely be reserved for longer journeys. It could zip from New York City to Sydney, Australia, in about three hours, according to the consortium, or make the trip from Los Angeles to Tokyo in about an hour and 45 minutes.
“We want to go to Mars but still we have huge distances [separating us] here on Earth,” says Nicole Viola, a professor of aerospace systems design at the Polytechnic of Turin in Italy and the project coordinator of the Stratofly consortium. With hypersonic flight, she adds, “it will be so much easier to travel to distant destinations.”
By flying at altitudes beyond the reach of conventional airliners, Viola says, Stratofly might also help ease the congestion that is expected to be an increasing problem as the population swells and more and more people take to the skies.
Technological challenges
Later this year, the Stratofly consortium plans to begin wind tunnel tests of the engine components. But it will take many years to bring Stratofly to life. The key technologies might not be ready until 2035, Viola says, with another decade needed before flight tests are completed and the plane is ready to carry passengers.
One reason for the lengthy timeline is that researchers have little experience with hypersonic aviation. Only a few experimental planes have ever reached hypersonic speed, and the last time a hypersonic plane flew with a person on board was in 1967. That plane, the North American X-15, was powered by rocket engines, which are impractical for commercial air travel.
Stratofly would need more than one kind of engine. For takeoff and landing, the plane would use turbine engines similar to those found in conventional airliners. For cruising, the plane would switch to so-called ramjet and scramjet powerplants. These engines compress the air-fuel mixture not with spinning fan blades, as turbine engines do, but using the aircraft’s high speed and the shape of their inlet ducts.
Combining engine technologies in a single plane is a daunting task, Smart says. And the challenges won’t end when Stratofly hits hypersonic speed: since the plane will generate tremendous friction and heat as it cuts through the air, it must be able to withstand temperatures well in excess of 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit. That's hot enough to melt the aluminum found in conventional airliners.
To survive the searing heat, the Stratofly team is exploring the use of high-tech materials, including ceramic reinforced with carbon fiber. They’re also looking into innovative ways to cool the plane — perhaps by allowing some of the craft’s supercold liquid hydrogen fuel to boil off during flight and absorb some of the friction-induced heat, Viola says.
Using hydrogen fuel instead of jet fuel would also help reduce Stratofly’s carbon footprint; unlike the jet fuel burned by conventional airliners, the hydrogen-fueled vehicle would produce no carbon dioxide — although it would emit water vapor and nitrogen oxides, which are greenhouse gases.
Concern over the environmental impact of commercial aviation has led some people to avoid flying, and Viola says the consortium is paying close attention to the plane's effect on the environment. “We are analyzing all the operations and all the technologies to minimize the environmental impact,” she says.
But such concerns notwithstanding, experts are rooting for hypersonic air travel.
“I’m really excited to see the progress they’ve been making, even though it’s a big challenge,” Smart says. “Flying at these types of speeds is something we’ve all dreamt about being able to do.”
The U.S. Army has signed a contract to study and exploit materials from unidentified flying objects. It intends to use what it learns in order to develop new weapons platforms.
No, I'm not joking.
The facts are provided in a newly agreed cooperative research and development contract between the U.S. Army's Combat Capabilities Development Command (specifically, the Ground Vehicle Systems Center) and the UFO technology exploitation group To The Stars Academy. Established by Blink-182 founder Tom DeLonge, To The Stars Academy involves former U.S. government, military, and advanced aerospace engineers in the research and capability exploitation of unidentified aerial phenomena, or UFOs.
The U.S. Army's stamped and signed 26-page contract is quite stunning.
It says that To The Stars Academy has shown the Army that it "is a company with materiel and technology innovations that offer capability advancements for Army ground vehicles. These technology innovations have been acquired, designed, or produced by [To The Stars Academy], leveraging advancements in metamaterials and quantum physics to push performance gains."
"The government is interested," the contract explains, "in a variety of the collaborator's technologies, such as, but not limited to inertial mass reduction, mechanical/structural metamaterials, electromagnetic metamaterial wave guides, quantum physics, quantum communications, and beamed energy propulsion." The contract also entails the research of metamaterial exploitation for the purposes of "active camouflage and directed photo projection." On that last point, an Army spokesman tells me that To The Stars Academy has conveyed it has means of supporting "camouflage concealment deception and obscuration" interests.
But what is this metamaterial?
I can confirm that at least some of the source material was retrieved from crash remnants or materials sourced from UFOs. Analysis of these UFOs suggests they are enabled with space-time, cloaking, transmedium travel, and gravity manipulation capabilities. That's not crazy conspiracy talk. In a key credibility submission, the contract adds that "the Office of the Secretary of Defense can share historical reports of findings and origin of materiel solutions in the possession of [To The Stars Academy]."
Translation: historical reports of material exploitation from crashed UFOs. We're not in Kansas anymore, folks.
With a baseline 60-month duration, the contract will give the Army "access to advanced materiel solutions" in To The Stars Academy's possession. To The Stars Academy will provide the government with access to its subject matter experts and metamaterial of both "mechanical and electromagnetic sensitive metamaterial." In turn, To The Stars Academy will share in the government's research findings and have access to its testing facilities. Neither side will pay the other for the contract.
The government's rationale for the contract is simple. "If the government can verify materiel solutions claims by [To The Stars Academy]," it says, "then significant advancements can be made in the capabilities of Army ground vehicle platforms in terms of security, force protection and weight reduction."
Read between the lines here: How do you reduce weight? Gravity manipulation.
Yes, Tom DeLonge has a penchant for saying things that are unbound from established evidence. But he and his organization deserve significant credit here. Because with this formal contract, they have gained the U.S. government's open attestation that it believes To The Stars Academy has access to exceptionally advanced technological capabilities.
Visitors from deep space are buzzing our solar system. The race is on to explore them.
Visitors from deep space are buzzing our solar system. The race is on to explore them.
Interstellar objects such as 'Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov may be raining alien life down on us.
The Hubble Space Telescope observed Comet 2I/Borisov on Oct. 12, 2019. The comet is believed to have arrived here from another planetary system elsewhere in our galaxy.
NASA / ESA, D. Jewitt (UCLA)
By Corey S. Powell
The interstellar visitors have arrived.
Two years ago, an automated telescope in Hawaii detected ‘Oumuamua, the first known object from interstellar space observed passing through our solar system. Then in August, an amateur astronomer in Crimea found a second interstellar visitor, 2I/Borisov, suggesting that such objects come our way on a regular basis.
Now, scientists are eagerly developing plans to explore these messengers from afar and to learn their secrets.
“Imagine something that’s traveled for hundreds of thousands or even millions of years through space, now reaching us,” says Andreas Hein, an aerospace engineer at the Initiative for Interstellar Studies in Charfield, England. “What will it tell us about its origin? What composition do planets have that orbit this alien sun? Does life propagate between stars?”
The path of interstellar comet 21/Borisov now passing through our solar system.NASA, ESA, J. Olmsted, F. Summers (STScI). / ESA/Hubble
For now, answers are trickling in slowly from observatories on the ground and in orbit around Earth, including an intriguing new image of Borisov just taken by the Hubble telescope. Come 2028, though, a European spacecraft called Comet Interceptor could be on its way to a brief encounter with another, as-yet-undetected interstellar object.
Hein and his colleagues have an even grander project in mind. They’ve drawn up plans for Project Lyra, a space probe that could travel fast enough to overtake either ‘Oumuamua or Borisov (or another interstellar object) as it speeds its way out of the solar system, reaching either one by the mid-2040s.
To Hein, launching Project Lyra would be akin to building humanity’s first starship — and doing it on the cheap. “We won't have the capability of reaching another star system within the next few decades at least, but having the opportunity to study a big chunk of material from another star is a bit like flying to another star,” he says. “It is a literal version of, ‘If you can't go to the mountain, let the mountain come to you’.”
Inching toward the interstellar visitors
The many mysteries surrounding ‘Oumuamua (“oh moo-uh moo-uh”) have further boosted the desire to get to see one of these interstellar visitors up close.
Researchers anticipated that the vast majority of interstellar objects would be comets, but ‘Oumuamua sure didn’t look like one. It was strangely elongated, like a half-mile-long cigar, tumbling as it went. It also displayed no comet-like tail, and it sped up slightly as it moved away from the sun. These oddities led Harvard astronomer Avi Loeb to float the controversial idea that ‘Oumuamua might not be a comet at all, but an alien spacecraft.
In contrast, Borisov seems to closely resemble the comets in our own solar system. “It appears to be of a very different nature than `Oumuamua,” Loeb says. “But when you walk down the street and notice a weird person, the fact that later on you encounter many normal people does not take away the weirdness of that first unusual person.”
Alas, the European Space Agency’s Comet Interceptor will be unable to reach either of these objects. In fact, it wasn't designed to go after an interstellar object at all. The original plan was that, after its launch in 2028, the 1-ton spacecraft would park itself in orbit around the sun, waiting for a comet to arrive from the outskirts of our own solar system. Then it would fire up its engines, making an encounter and deploying smaller probes that could come within a few hundred miles of its target.
The discovery of ‘Oumuamua and Borisov has the Comet Interceptor team reconsidering its plans. By one estimate, at any time there are about 100 interstellar objects within Jupiter’s orbit around the sun — and there’s a decent chance that at least one of them will come within range of the spacecraft.
“If an interstellar object happens to turn up with the right trajectory at the right time, it would be too good an opportunity to turn down,” says mission co-leader Colin Snodgrass, an astronomer at the University of Edinburgh.
Although Comet Interceptor’s flight past an interstellar visitor would be fast and brief, it could prove highly revealing. “It would be fascinating to see one up close,” Snodgrass says. “Either it would look like nothing we ever saw before, and would require new theories, or it would look surprisingly familiar, implying that there are some universal similarities in planetary systems.”
Hit the space accelerator
If you want to chase down ‘Oumuamua or Borisov to determine their true nature, you’ll need a spacecraft with a lot more oomph than Comet Interceptor. ‘Oumuamua is now more than 1 billion miles from Earth and speeding away from us at nearly 18 miles per second. Borisov will make its closest approach to the sun Dec. 7, and then it too will head back to interstellar space at high speed.
That’s where Project Lyra comes in. The engineers at the nonprofit Initiative for Interstellar Studies came up with this concept based on their research into technologies for advanced space travel. The team concluded that the most promising way to reach an interstellar object is with a so-called Oberth maneuver, in which a spacecraft swoops to within 2 million miles of the sun and then fires its rockets full-blast to slingshot toward its target. Using a giant rocket like NASA’s long-awaited Space Launch System, combined with solid-rocket boosters, Hein and his group calculate they could get a speed boost of about 12 miles per second, just enough to do the job.
With a 2033 launch, this scheme could deliver a small but capable probe weighing perhaps 100 pounds to ‘Oumuamua by 2048. Slowing down at the other end would be another challenge. “Maybe we can use electric or magnetic sails,” Hein suggests, referring to a giant metal web that would create drag against the magnetic field and charged particles found in deep space.
A fleet of laser sail spacecraft arriving at 'Oumuamua.Maciej Rebisz / Project Lyra
Surviving the sun’s intense heat may be an easier problem to solve. NASA’s current Parker Solar Probe, which will repeatedly swing within 4 million miles of the sun during the 2020s, is testing a carbon-composite heat shield that can effectively withstand temperatures of 2,500 degrees Fahrenheit.
Aliens closer to home
But there is another way to accelerate a mission to an interstellar object: Instead of going faster, aim closer. Loeb notes that not all of the incoming objects head back to the stars. He calculates that some might get deflected by Jupiter’s gravity and trapped into an orbit around the sun. If so, a conventional spacecraft could reach them in a matter of years.
“There are already a number of candidate objects known,” Loeb says. He cites in particular 2015 BZ509, a recently discovered asteroid that orbits near Jupiter but in the opposite direction of all the planets — a likely sign of an interstellar origin.
Loeb also proposes scouring the surface of the moon for debris left by other interstellar objects that might have crashed there over billions of years of lunar history. That’s a timely suggestion, since NASA’s Artemis program could send astronauts back to the moon as early as 2024.
The realization that so much interstellar material has passed through our solar system over the eons, with more coming all the time, provides another powerful motivation to study the incoming objects up close. “It is possible that a non-negligible fraction of them carry evidence for life,” Loeb says.
He’s talking not about derelict alien spacecraft but about possible extraterrestrial microorganisms or their remains, which in many ways would be just as shocking. Finding such evidence would open the possibility that alien life is raining down on us from afar — “between the stars and across the galaxy,” Loeb says — and that humans could be descended from extraterrestrial microbes that landed on Earth billions of years ago.
It’s a Hollywood-worthy twist: We’re looking far off for the interstellar visitors, but it could turn out that they’ve been here all along.
Japan’s Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) is officially partnering with Japanese automotive giant Toyota to build a six-wheeled, self-driving vehicle to explore the surface of the Moon. Japan is hoping to launch the vehicle to the Moon as soon as 2029.
Since there’s no atmosphere, a ton of radiation, and harsh temperature conditions, JAXA argues that a space mobility vehicle is necessary.
The rover will be able to carry two passengers — or four in an emergency — for more than 6,200 miles (10,000 km) across the lunar surface. The vehicle concept is about twice as wide and twice as tall as a 2019 Toyota 4Runner SUV.
Fuel Cell Power
Power will come from an array of replaceable fuel cells which will be charged over time using foldable solar panels.
“Fuel cells, which use clean power-generation methods, emit only water, and, because of their high energy density, they can provide a lot of energy, making them especially suited for the project being discussed with JAXA,” said Toyota Executive Vice President Shigeki Terashi in apress release.
Long Road Ahead
Today’s announcement is only a first step in an very ambitious project. The plan is first to “accelerate their ongoing joint study of a manned, pressurized rover that employs fuel cell electric vehicle technologies,” according to a press release. The vehicle has been in the works, conceptually, since May 2018.
Eventually, Japan is ready to send its Toyota rover to the Moon within the next decade.
“Manned, pressurized rovers will be an important element supporting human lunar exploration, which we envision will take place in the 2030s,” said JAXA Vice President Koichi Wakata. “We aim at launching such a rover into space in 2029.”
The United Kingdom plans to send itsfirst lunar rover to the Moon in 2021 — and the robot is unlike any that came before it.
Not only will the rover created UK-based space startup SpaceBit be the smallest one in history, but it will also have legs rather than wheels — a design innovation that could allow it to explore previously unreachable areas of the Moon.
Small Package
SpaceBit unveiled the rover on Thursday at the science and tech festival New Scientist Live, noting that the bot will hitch a ride to the Moon’s surface aboard U.S. space robotics company Astrobotic’s 2021 mission.
The 1 kilogram (2.2 pound) robot is shaped like a cube with four legs, which it will use to gather video and other data for scientists during its 10-Earth-days-long mission.
The SpaceBit rover will explore the moon’s surface with its legs, and will send its data back to the much larger lander, which will transmit it back to Earth.
James Winspear
The Astrobotic Peregrine lander will carry the UK’s first rover to the moon
NASA Photo / Alamy Stock Photo
Intrepid Explorer
SpaceBit and Astrobotic are hopeful that the mission will illustrate the benefits of giving rovers legs — and lead to future missions in which legged rovers explore the Moon’s tubular caves.
“The legs could be better for steep, rocky terrain, and basically any place where wheels start to struggle,” Astrobotic’s CEO John Thornton told New Scientist.
Top secret TR-3B supersonic craft caught SPYING on France? Frenzy over triangular UFO
Top secret TR-3B supersonic craft caught SPYING on France? Frenzy over triangular UFO
FOOTAGE has emerged that proves the US Air Force is running a secret government project to spy on other countries, according to wild claims online.
By Callum Hoare
The video was captured above the French overseas port town of Saint-Pierre in Reunion Island on May 14, as a group of friends took a walk on the beach.
They noticed something bizarre in the sky and began to film.
The clip shows what appears to be a triangular craft hovering above the water before taking off into the distance.
It was later submitted to MUFON – an American-based non-profit organisation that investigates cases of alleged UFO sightings – where the witness explained how the event unfolded.
BIZARRE: Could this be a spy plane?
(Image: MUFON)
The post read: "Every night we admire the view of the coast which is very visible from where we live.
"But tonight three lights appeared – two white and one red with a strong intensity in the form of a triangle.
"Having never seen this on the area I took my camera to take photos and film.
"The object remained on the spot for about four minutes and began to move in a straight line at a fairly high speed at low altitude."
The video was later uploaded to popular YouTube conspiracy channel The Hidden Underbelly, where viewers gave their own opinions on what was captured.
One comment read: "I've seen this triangle-shaped UFO before."
Before another speculated: "That is definitely the TR-3B."
The TR-3 Black Manta is the name of a surveillance aircraft of the United States Air Force, speculated to be developed under a black project.
It is said to be a supersonic stealth spy plane with a flying wing design.
Believers in the theory say it was used during the Gulf War to provide laser designation for Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk bombers.
And it is not the first time it has reportedly been spotted.
Just yesterday, conspiracists believed they had captured it watching Russia.
And before that, we saw similar scenes in Los Angeles.
The footage captured on October 11, 2019 at about 18h 19h shows a huge UFO hovering just above the water surface of the ocean near the Island Réunion. until it slowly moves up into the sky and disappears.
The witness said that she noticed something like a dark mass on the ocean that rose stagnant over the water and when she looked through her telescope she saw this bizarre shape on which she started to film the UFO until it disappeared
Suppose this UFO came out of the water, could it be that there is an UFO / USO underwater base near the island of Reunion?
Remarkable, the UFO is similar to the UFOs that have been photographed from a US submarine in 1971.
Astronomers in Poland have just published the 1st peer-reviewed paper on the 2nd interstellar visitor, now officially labeled as a comet, 2I/Borisov. Plus check out the new Hubble Space Telescope image of this object.
The Hubble Space Telescope captured this image of the 2nd known interstellar object – called comet 2I/Borisov by earthly astronomers – on October 12, 2019, when the object was about 260 million miles (420 million km) from Earth. This object is believed to have arrived here from another planetary system elsewhere in our galaxy.
Astronomers estimate that several interstellar objects – objects originating in other solar systems – pass inside the orbit of Earth each year. By one estimate, 10,000 pass inside the orbit of Neptune on any given day. They all passed unseen, for billions of years, until recently. Astronomers in Hawaii happened upon the first interstellar object – now officially called 1I/’Oumuamua – in late 2017. An amateur astronomer, Gennadiy Borisov, spotted the second one on August 30, 2019, using a 26-inch (0.65-meter) telescope he designed and built himself. This second object was officially named 2I/Borisov by the International Astronomical Union in late September. The “I” stands for interstellar. The “2” means it’s the second such object known to astronomers. It’s still rushing toward its encounter with our sun and will pass closest to our sun – at a distance of about two astronomical units (AU), or about twice the Earth-sun distance – on December 8, 2019.
As it sweeps through our neighborhood of space, astronomers are rushing to study this object. This week (October 14, 2019), the Hubble Space Telescope released the image above of 2I/Borisov. Also, astronomers in Poland published the first peer-reviewed paper about it, discussed below.
New Hubble Space Telescope image of comet 2I/Borisov. The image above was acquired on October 12, 2019, when the object was approximately 260 million miles (420 million km) from Earth. It shows why, unlike ‘Oumuamua, which was hard to distinguish as either definitely asteroid-like or definitely comet-like, the second interstellar object is now confirmed as a comet from another solar system. The Hubble image reveals a very comet-like central concentration of dust around a solid icy nucleus. Astronomer David Jewitt of UCLA, leader of the Hubble team who observed the object, explained in a statement:
Whereas ‘Oumuamua looked like a bare rock, Borisov is really active, more like a normal comet. It’s a puzzle why these two are so different.
Amaya Moro-Martin of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, Maryland, added:
Because another star system could be quite different from our own, the comet could have experienced significant changes during its long interstellar journey. Yet its properties are very similar to those of the solar system’s building blocks, and this is very remarkable.
NASA also explained a bit about where these objects come from:
Observations by Hubble and other telescopes have shown that rings and shells of icy debris encircle young stars where planet formation is underway. A gravitational interaction between these comet-like objects and other massive bodies could hurtle them deep into space where they go adrift among the stars.
Future Hubble observations of 2I/Borisov are planned through January 2020, with more being proposed.
This illustration depicts the trajectory of 2I/Borisov, formerly called C/2019 Q4. Now considered the 2nd known interstellar object – and 1st confirmed comet from another solar system – it will approach no closer to Earth than about 190 million miles (300 million km) before returning again to interstellar space.
Image via NASA/JPL-Caltech.
First peer-reviewed paper about 2I/Borisov. Meanwhile, researchers at Jagiellonian University in Kraków in Poland this week published a new study in the peer-reviewed journal Nature Astronomy asserting that – although comet 2I/Borisov appears to be an outcast from another star system – its properties determined so far are “surprisingly familiar.” Researchers Piotr Guzik and Michal Drahus were well prepared for a visit by this second interstellar object, having created a computer program to look for such objects following the earlier visit of ‘Oumuamua. Their program – nicknamed Interstellar Crusher – scanned:
… tirelessly through online data of newly-found comets and asteroids in search of guests from far away. On September 8, 2019, at 04:15 Universal Time, the program issued a red alert and notified the team of a possible new hyperbolic object arriving from interstellar space.
Piotr Guzik explained:
This code was written specifically for this purpose, and we really hoped to receive this message one day. We only didn’t know when.
As it turned out, the second interstellar object had been first spotted by Gennady Borisov a week earlier, although its identity had been unknown at that time. It was only when astronomers around the world began studying the object’s orbit that its interstellar origin was confirmed. Guzik and Drahus, meanwhile, lost no time in scrutinizing images of the object, acquired by telescopes in various parts of the world. Drahus said:
We immediately noticed the familiar coma and tail that were not seen around ‘Oumuamua. This is really cool because it means that our new visitor is one of these mythical and never-before-seen ‘real’ interstellar comets.
How do astronomers know that ‘Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov don’t belong in the sun’s family of objects? The answer is the shape of their orbits. This illustration shows a hyperbolic comet orbit. By definition, this sort of orbit means an object will travel through the solar system only once.
Now that astronomers have published a paper about them, the comet-like characteristics of 2I/Borisov might seem obvious … yet they’re profound. The comet-like nature of 2IBorisov is direct proof – proof we in our lifetimes could reach out and touch, if we had the will and wherewithal to launch a spacecraft to this object fast enough – that the assumptions of astronomers have been correct all along. Nature does, apparently, operate in other solar systems as it does in our solar system. Our sun and its solar system are, indeed, likely very ordinary. Our neighborhood of space is likely just one example among hundreds of billions of similar systems in this star-island we call the Milky Way.
Prior to 2I/Borisov, all catalogued comets have come, NASA said, from:
… either from a ring of icy debris at the periphery of our solar system, called the Kuiper belt, or from the Oort cloud, a shell of icy objects which is thought to be in the outermost regions of our solar system, with its innermost edge at about 2000 times the distance between the Earth and the sun.
Now that astronomers are beginning to spot them, 2I/Borisov and ‘Oumuamua – whose name means “scout” – mark the beginning of what’s likely to be many more discoveries of interstellar objects. As NASA explained:
There may be thousands of such interstellar objects here at any given time; most, however, are too faint to be detected with present-day telescopes.
And, who knows, if we’re lucky we may eventually spot an interstellar object that isn’t a natural object at all. After all, our Voyager spacecraft are now heading outward from our solar system into interstellar space, with their golden records containing images of Earth, greetings in 55 languages, music, and an EEG showing the brain waves of a woman in love.
Bottom line: The second known interstellar object has been categorized as a comet and officially named 2I/Borisov. The Hubble Space Telescope released an image of it this week, showing it as distinctly comet-like. Astronomers in Poland published the first peer-reviewed paper about it, confirming its comet-like characteristics.
Light from a distant star system has begun to dim, prompting some scientists to examine whether it might be a sign of alien life.
The star system in question, HD 139139, lies some 350 million light years from Earth, in the Libra constellation.
Scientists believe the system is home to a pair of stars that are bound to one another, given the joint nickname 'Random Transiter,' which have been observed frequently dimming over the last several months.
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Stars that have been observed to frequently dim have been hypothetically linked to possible alien activity
The Kepler Space Telescope recorded 28 instances of random dimming over an 87-day period suggesting that something potentially interesting is happening.
There can be many different causes for stars dimming, according to a SFGate report, including debris floating in front of the star, or one of the 28 planets that orbit Random Transiter passing by.
Another possibility is that aliens have constructed some sort of technology that regularly interferes with the light emitted by the stars.
That option is perhaps the least likely, but it can't be definitely ruled out.
In 2017, scientists wondered whether the rapid dimming of Tabby's Star (pictured above) was being caused by alien megastructures
TABBY'S STAR
Tabby's Star, known officially as KIC 8462852, has baffled experts since it was discovered in 2015.
Observations revealed its light dimmed regularly, as do distant stars when their planets pass in front of them.
But while the stars of most exoplanet systems are seen to dim by a few per cent, KIC 8462852 dimmed by more than 20 per cent over periods of months.
Some have claimed this dimming could be evidence of a Dyson Sphere – a hypothetical structure which could be used by an advanced alien race to harness the energy of a star.
Scientists remain skeptical, offering that the dimming could be explained by a dust ring around the star or a hail of comets passing in between the star and Earth.
In a forthcoming paper, researchers at UC Berkeley point to all the unusual activity coming from HD 139139 as a reason to make it a focus of study.
'The mystery behind the origin of these events makes this system an interesting target for technosignature searches,' the group says in the paper, to be published in Research Notes of the American.
In the past, a number of other instances of star dimming have been linked to the potential existence of alien life.
In 2017, researchers investigated where the rapid dimming of Tabby's star might have been caused by an 'alien megastructure.'
In the end, they determined it was likely caused by microscopic fine dust that scattered the starlight.
Last year, a team of researchers from Harvard and Yale went so far as to suggest the idea of trying to dim our own home star, the sun, as a way of fighting climate change.
Using a technique called stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI), researchers would deliver sulfates into the atmosphere with balloons and high altitude planes.
The sulfates would theoretically disperse the light from the sun.
The idea was strictly hypothetical, with an estimated starting cost of $3.5 billion.
As with a first encounter with alien life, scientists were unsure whether the longterm outcome would be better or worse.
A view of Tabby's Star taken from the Kepler Space Telescope
WHAT IS A DYSON SPHERE?
A suggested method for harnessing the power of an entire star is known as a Dyson sphere.
First proposed by theoretical physicist Freeman Dyson in 1960, this would be a swarm of satellites that surrounds a star.
They could be an enclosed shell, or spacecraft spread out to gather its energy - known as a Dyson swarm.
If such structures do exist, they would emit huge amounts of noticeable infrared radiation back on Earth.
But as of yet, such a structure has not been detected.
The Dyson Ring, left, is the simplest form of Dyson structure. Creating a Dyson bubble would be an incredible engineering challenge but it is considered to be far more feasible than surrounding a star in a rigid sphere
Somewhere in the galaxy, a white dwarf star suddenly started shining brightly. And now we understand the violent cataclysm that caused it: the star's gravitational field tore the asteroid to bits, scattering its metallic bits in a shiny halo around the star.
There's no telescope video of an asteroid shattering across space. But here's what we do know: There's a white dwarf star in our galaxy that, for years, emitted a consistent amount of mid-infrared (MIR) light. Then, in 2018, these emissions changed. Over the course of six months, the starlight from that point in space got about 10% more intense in the MIR spectrum — and that point is still getting brighter. The researchers think that's because of a newly formed cloud of metallic dust between Earth and the star, likely due to the recent breakup of the asteroid.
To an outsider, it may sound counterintuitive that a cloud of dust would make a star look brighter. But Tinggui Wang, an astronomer at the University of Science and Technology of China and lead author of a paper describing the event, said the brightening makes sense if you think about how the star and the cloud interact.
"When the debris are on our line of sight to the star, it would make the star dim," he told Live Science. "However, the [individual pieces of] debris cover only a small fraction of the sky, so the chance of being on the line of sight is small."
However, although individual pieces of debris are small and each cover only a tiny patch of sky, the whole cloud is large — much larger than the star. Under normal conditions, only photons that fly out of the star directly at Earth reach human telescopes. But the cloud changes that. Beams of light aimed in all sorts of directions strike the cloud of the debris, heating it up and causing the bits of asteroid to emit MIR light. That light reaches Earth too, even though the beams of light that caused it normally wouldn't have. The result is a bigger glowing region of the sky that our telescopes register as a spike in light, Wang said.
Imagine a faint flashlight in the distance on a clear night. If it's pointed right at you, you might notice it as a thin dot of light. But if you shine the flashlight through the billowing steam of a fog machine, there's a much bigger, bright object to catch your eye — even if the power of the light source stays the same.
Astronomers have seen clouds of debris like this before in space, said Malena Rice, an expert in the astronomy of debris disks around distant stars and doctoral student in the Yale University Department of Astronomy. And they've seen evidence of nonspherical objects, likely asteroids orbiting objects outside our solar system — possibly another white dwarf. But this may be the first time astronomers have spotted an asteroid disintegrating into a debris cloud around a star.
"This process has been theorized for over a decade," Rice, who wasn't involved in the research, told Live Science. "But we've never had a chance to study the full disruption process in action until now."
So, what could have ripped the asteroid to bits? Wang and his colleagues concluded that it was likely a gravitational effect called tidal disruption.
"A white dwarf is a very compact star," Wang said. "As such, close to the star, the gradient of the gravitational field can be very large," meaning gravity can change sharply over a short space.
Imagine you were floating in space, orbiting a star with your feet pointed toward it. The gravity on your feet would be greater than the gravity on your shoulders. If you're standing on Earth right now, you're experiencing the same effect, though the difference — the gradient — is so minimal that you don't notice it.
In the steep gravitational fields close to white dwarfs, Wang said, gradients can become so intense that they overwhelm forces holding an object together. Large asteroids are glued together with their own gravity, but that gravity isn't as strong as the gradients close to white dwarfs. When asteroids pass through those tidal regions, astronomers believe, they shatter, smearing across space as a cloud.
This is related to the reason some planets are surrounded by rings of dust, and not just moons, Rice said. The weaker tidal forces of large planets can keep the matter in their rings from clumping together into balls.
The astronomers are certain the debris wasn't from a comet in this case, Wang said, because comets move so fast that the debris would quickly leave the immediate warm neighborhood around the star and cool down. It's possible that a rocky planet blew up, he said, but the researchers believe a smaller, asteroid-sized object is more likely. (The precise distinction between a large asteroid and a small planet can be a bit vague. But when it comes to other star systems astronomers usually use "exoasteroid" to refer to smaller, jagged metal and rock objects and "exoplanet" to refer to objects large enough that their gravity has formed them into spheres.
Right now, the debris cloud is still circling the star, which goes by the name WD 0145+234. Over time, though, that cloud is likely to fall onto the stellar surface, Wang said. That infalling debris, made of metal and perhaps some warm gas, could explain how many white dwarfs end up with evidence of significant metal pollution in their starlight.
The research has not yet been peer reviewed and was published online Oct. 10 in the preprint journal arXiv.
Not long ago, we shared the news of two Romanian inventors who claim to have built a working prototype of what could be the world’s first fully functional hypersonic flying saucer. This week, military aviation site Alert-5 caused quite a buzz among UFO and aviation enthusiasts when it shared several images of a curiously shaped craft it labeled a “Chinese UFO.” The following day, state-run Chinese media outlet Global Times wrote that the attack chopper has a name: the “Super Great White Shark.”
Cutaway schematic of the 'Super Great White Shark' found on Chinese internet
Described as a “sci-fi like aircraft “ by Chinese media, designers say the Super Great White Shark’s “high-speed and stealth capabilities could give the weapon an edge on the battlefield.” But aerospace engineers and aviation historians say that the aircraft’s design isn’t new, and that it’s unlikely it’ll ever actually get very far off the ground.
Making its big debut at last week’s China Helicopter Exposition in Tianjin, a nearby information placard described the rotorcraft as an “armed helicopter” featuring “a composite wing-body fusion high-speed helicopter configuration designed for the future digital information battlefield.” Also dubbed “Super Jaws” by Chinese media, designers say the craft “refers to the international excellent and mature helicopter design technologies” and specifically names the US’s AH-64 Apache and CH-53 Sea Stallion, along with Russia’s Ka-52 and Mi-26. It’s unknown how these other traditional rotorwing designs compare with the “The Great White Shark,” As two of the listed models are attack helicopters, and the others are heavy transport aircraft.
English translations from an accompanying schematic say the"Super Great White Shark" will capable of traveling a little over 400 mph with a maximum ceiling of almost 20,000 feet. The concept rotorcraft has “two turbojet engines that could provide huge horizontal thrust for high speed movement”and the “fuselage is coated with stealth materials,” claims Chinese media
While designers describe the craft as making use of “internationally popular wing-body fusion design’ to create “a new type of high-speed helicopter,” at present, the Super Great White Shark doesn’t appear to show many differences from ducted-fan aircraft designs attempted and later abandoned by the United States military over 60 years ago.
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF THE CRAFT
Using the same general concept to achieve lift and thrust as conventional rotor based aircraft, instead of mounting propellers on the outside, ducted-fan vehicles contain internal propellers within a larger housing. Throughout the late 1950s and early 1960s, the Army and NASA experimented with several aircraft with ducted-fan based propulsion systems. It was relatively quickly determined that, in comparison to conventional airplanes and helicopters, there were no real advantages to a ducted-fan based aircraft.
Notably, the Super Great White Shark bears a striking resemblance to the U.S. Air Force, and later Army’s, most famous attempt at creating a saucer-shaped aircraft and the Avro Canada VZ-9 Avrocar. Not technically based on ducted-fan propulsion, the Avrocar attempted to use the so-called Coanda effect by using three jet blowing exhausts through the craft’s circular rim to achieve lift and thrust. When initial Air Force visions of a Mach 3.5 fighter called the “Y-2” were deemed dangerously unrealistic, the Army envisioned a tempered version of the flying saucer design—the Avrocar—as being a single replacement for both the jeep and helicopter. After three years of development, the Avrocar program was cancelled, with the saucer shaped craft never traveling more than 35mph and 3 feet off the ground.
THE AVROCAR.
IMAGE: US AIR FORCE NATIONAL MUSEUM
Even with one of the more recent promising flying saucer designs, the All Directions Flying Object or ADIFO, designers admit their novel approach of using vectored jet-propulsion is merely a prototype and presently is little more than a remote control drone.
Admittedly still a prototype itself, China hasn’t explained exactly how Super Great White Shark will succeed where all others have failed.
Nevertheless, developers say it will be ready to take its maiden flight at the 2020 Airshow China, in the South China Guangdong Province town of Zhuhai.
ALIENS BESPIONEREN ONS MOGELIJK VANAF QUASI-SATELLIETEN
ALIENS BESPIONEREN ONS MOGELIJK VANAF QUASI-SATELLIETEN
Caroline Kraaijvanger
Als aliens ons hebben opgemerkt en net zo nieuwsgierig zijn als wij, lijkt het niet ondenkbaar dat ze ons vanaf ruimtestenen nabij de aarde begluren.
Met dat idee komt de Amerikaanse wetenschapper James Benford op de proppen. In een paper – verschenen in het blad The Astronomical Journal – pleit hij er dan ook voor om de zoektocht naar aliens wat dichter bij huis te beginnen en ook deze nabije ruimtestenen af te speuren naar tekenen van buitenaards leven.
Quasi-satellieten Het idee dat aliens ons begluren, is niet nieuw. Al in de jaren zestig opperden onderzoekers dat geavanceerde buitenaardse beschavingen wel eens kunstmatig intelligente spionageapparatuur konden inzetten op of nabij bewoonde werelden om zo de ontwikkeling op die werelden te kunnen volgen. En ook in sciencefiction komen we dergelijke buitenaardse gluurders wel tegen. Tot op heden is er echter nog niet actief naar deze gluurders gezocht. En Benford stelt dat daar verandering in moet komen. Hij wijst erop dat nabij de aarde verschillende ruimtestenen te vinden zijn die perfect zicht bieden op onze planeet en dus uitermate geschikt zijn als uitkijkplaats voor aliens. Hij denkt dan met name aan quasi-satellieten (zie kader). Dit zijn geen echte satellieten, maar natuurlijke objecten die net zoveel tijd nodig hebben om een rondje rond de zon te voltooien als onze planeet. “Het betekent dat het object gedurende heel wat omloopbanen dicht bij de planeet blijft,” zo schrijft Benford. “Deze objecten nabij de aarde zijn de ideale plek om onze wereld vanaf een veilig, natuurlijk object te bekijken.”
Aardse quasi-satellieten
De aarde heeft meerdere quasi-satellieten. Voorbeelden zijn Cruithne – ongeveer 2 kilometer groot en nadert de aarde tot een afstand van 12 miljoen kilometer – en Kamo’oalewa – met een diameter van 40 tot 100 meter de kleinste, maar ook de dichtstbijzijnde en meest stabiele quasi-satelliet van de aarde die ons bekend is. De meeste quasi-satellieten vergezellen de aarde maar tijdelijk. Tijdelijk is in dit geval echter een vrij ruim begrip. Zelfs de quasi-satelliet met de meest onstabiele baan trekt bijna 1000 jaar met de aarde op. En de meeste quasi-satellieten doen dat dus nog veel langer; soms wel duizenden of zelfs honderdduizend jaar. Aangezien de meeste quasi-satellieten pas vrij recent zijn gevonden, is de verwachting dat er nog meer op ontdekking wachten.
Benford verwacht niet direct daadwerkelijk aliens op deze ruimtestenen aan te treffen. Hij acht het aannemelijker dat er buitenaardse robotische spionageapparatuur te vinden is. Deze apparatuur kan daar heel lang geleden reeds door aliens zijn geplaatst. “Als de apparatuur een goede energiebron heeft en en in staat is om zichzelf te repareren, dan kan deze over heel lange tijdschalen informatie verzamelen en terugsturen naar waar deze vandaan komt.”
Detecteren In principe zou het mogelijk moeten zijn om deze robotische ‘lurkers’ – zoals Benford ze noemt – te detecteren. Bijvoorbeeld door de quasi-satellieten met behulp van radio- en optische telescopen te bestuderen. De robotische apparatuur zou zich al prijs kunnen geven doordat deze zonlicht op een aparte manier reflecteert. Ook zouden we actief op zoek kunnen gaan naar signalen die deze ‘lurkers’ naar hun thuiswereld versturen. Een andere mogelijkheid is dat we zelf – op goed geluk – een signaal naar deze quasi-satellieten sturen, in de hoop dat de robotische sondes die aliens daar wellicht hebben geplaatst, reageren. We kunnen ook nog een stap verder gaan en zelf sondes of zelfs een bemande missie naar een quasi-satelliet sturen en zo ter plekken op jacht gaan naar sporen van buitenaards leven. Benford wijst er in het kader hiervan op dat bijvoorbeeld de quasi-satelliet 2016 HO3 binnen bereik ligt. “Misschien (…) luisteren de (buitenaardse, red.) sondes wel op ons en wachten ze tot we ze gevonden hebben.”
Dichtbij huis Als we de plannen van Benford tot uitvoer zouden brengen, zou de zoektocht naar aliens zich een stuk dichter naar de aarde verplaatsen. “Een goede reden om dichter bij de aarde te kijken, is dat we in de rest van het zonnestelsel niets gezien hebben,” stelt Benford. “En we hebben ook niets zien communiceren vanaf nabijgelegen sterren.” Bijna haastig voegt hij daaraan toe dat de schijnbare afwezigheid van aliens in en in de directe nabijheid van ons zonnestelsel niet tegen de aanwezigheid van buitenaardse spionageapparatuur op nabijgelegen ruimtestenen pleit. “(Buitenaardse, red.) beschavingen hoeven zich niet dicht bij het zonnestelsel te bevinden om ergens in de laatste eeuwen een sonde naar ons toe te kunnen hebben gestuurd. Stel je voor dat een sonde met een snelheid van een tiende van het licht gelanceerd wordt – iets wat conceptueel zeker mogelijk is, bijvoorbeeld met behulp van lichtzeilen of kernfusie-raketten – dan zou zo’n sonde ons vanaf 30 lichtjaar afstand binnen ongeveer 300 jaar kunnen bereiken. Binnen een straal van zo’n 100 lichtjaar bevinden zich zo’n 3000 Hoofdreekssterren (waartoe ook de zon wordt gerekend, red.), dus genoeg mogelijkheden voor buitenaardse beschavingen.”
Maar misschien wel het meest sterke argument voor het zoeken naar sporen van buitenaards leven op quasi-satellieten is dat we eigenlijk niets te verliezen hebben. “We zouden pas ontdekte objecten bestuderen die heel interessant zijn voor de astronomie en waar nog niemand echt naar gekeken heeft en waar we bijna niets van weten.” Kortom: zelfs als er geen spionage-apparatuur op de quasi-satellieten rust, kan de zoektocht ernaar van grote waarde blijken voor de astronomie. En mochten er wél ‘lurkers’ op quasi-satellieten worden aangetroffen, dan kunnen deze ons niet alleen meer vertellen over een tot op heden onbekende buitenaardse beschaving, maar ook veel meer onthullen over onszelf. Want stel je eens voor dat zo’n ‘lurker’ onze planeet al duizenden jaren observeert en al die informatie tevens lokaal heeft opgeslagen. Dan kan deze ons ook veel meer vertellen over onze eigen geschiedenis. “Zo verkennen we met het bestuderen van objecten nabij de aarde mogelijk zowel ruimte als tijd,” aldus Benford.
A new and very mysterious organism has found a new home in a large tank at the Paris Zoological Park. Nicknamed the “blob” after a 1958 horror movie, its official scientific name is Physarum polycephalum or “many-headed slime”. The yellow-colored slime is a unicellular living being that looks similar to a fungus but reacts like an animal.
This organism has been on Earth for approximately 500 million years longer than humans and has many mysterious features like the fact that it has almost 720 genders. Another amazing feature is that after being cut in half, it can heal itself in just two minutes. Additionally, it has no eyes, no mouth, and no stomach; however, it knows how to detect food and can digest it. It can also procreate on its own.
The organism’s scientific name translates to “many-headed slime”.
Although it appears to stay in one spot, it does move approximately one centimeter (or 0.4 inches) every hour looking for prey (mushroom spores, bacteria, and more microbes). The organism is normally found on leaves that are decaying, as well as tree trunks in the woods where the air is cool and moist.
Bruno David, who is the director of the French National Museum of Natural History in Paris, stated, “The blob is a living being which belongs to one of nature’s mysteries,” adding, “It surprises us because it has no brain but is able to learn and if you merge two blobs, the one that has learned will transmit its knowledge to the other.”
Researchers conducted an experiment in 2016 that found the mold could in fact learn things. They taught the mold to move across a bridge that had been lined with salt. Prior to this experiment, the mold wouldn’t go near salt. What’s even more incredible is that when they put the mold together with another mold that was not taught to cross the bridge, the first organism passed on what it learned to the other. Scientists believe that a type of “vein” that is created when the two organisms combine together is what allows the first mold to pass on its knowledge to the other one.
The blob can learn things and pass its knowledge on to other organisms.
Another incredible fact about the blob is that it’s extremely hard to kill. When it feels as if it’s in danger, it dries itself out in a type of hibernation and after receiving just a few drops of water, it immediately comes back to life. And it can grow to incredible sizes, as one lab grew a blob that was 33 feet in width.
“The blob is really one of the most extraordinary things that live on Earth today,” expressed David, who went on to say, “It has been here for millions of years, and we still do not really know what it is. We don’t really know if it’s an animal, if it’s a fungus or if it’s something between the two.” (A picture of the “blob” can be seen here.)
David Bowie sang about it. Ray Bradbury wrote about it. Elon Musk dreams about it being him. The possibility of life existing on Mars has intrigued humans ever since the red dot in the sky was called a planet and given a name. But no one – that includes robotic rovers – has ever proven without a doubt that there is life on Mars. Now, an ex-NASA scientist who worked on the Viking 1 and Viking 2 missions to the Red Planet in the mid 1970s is claiming that life – or something that looked an awful lot like it – was discovered by the Viking landers but NASA dismissed all of the positive signs when it couldn’t duplicate them in an Earth laboratory. Now he wants the agency to send life detection equipment to Mars again. Wait a minute … you mean in 43 years NASA has NEVER sent life-detection instruments back to Mars? Is this a cover-up?
“NASA concluded that the LR had found a substance mimicking life, but not life. Inexplicably, over the 43 years since Viking, none of NASA’s subsequent Mars landers has carried a life detection instrument to follow up on these exciting results.”
In an article published in Scientific American, Gilbert V. Levin — an engineer and inventor and the principal investigator for the Labeled Release life detection experiment on NASA’s Viking missions to Mars – claims that what the landers found in two locations 4,000 miles apart couldn’t be anything BUT life forms, yet NASA pays lip service to a life-detection mission but has no plans for one, even after the Curiosity rover last year found organic matter in 3-billion-year-old mudstone and recently found evidence of salty lakes where organisms could live. Levin explains his frustration.
“Life on Mars seemed a long shot. On the other hand, it would take a near miracle for Mars to be sterile. NASA scientist Chris McKay once said that Mars and Earth have been “swapping spit” for billions of years, meaning that, when either planet is hit by comets or large meteorites, some ejecta shoot into space. A tiny fraction of this material eventually lands on the other planet, perhaps infecting it with microbiological hitch-hikers. That some Earth microbial species could survive the Martian environment has been demonstrated in many laboratories. There are even reports of the survival of microorganisms exposed to naked space outside the International Space Station (ISS).”
Swapping spit? That gives me an idea!
Ladies and gentlemen of the jury, in many scientific writings, Gilbert V. Levin has presented evidence which proves beyond a shadow of a doubt that the Viking LR experiments detected living organisms metabolizing in a solution known to reliably detect life. Furthermore, subsequent missions have found methane, surface water, formaldehyde, ammonia and other substances needed for life as well as physical formations that indicate life. In fact, as he states in his article:
“No factor inimical to life has been found on Mars.” (Inimical: hostile or adverse.)
In conclusion, Gilbert V. Levin sees no other way to rule but:
“… the Viking LR did find life.”
Is he right? Why has NASA continued to look on Mars for evidence of past life, but not present life? The instruments are available and ready to go. What are they waiting for?
Even if Martians are just Earth spit, we have a right to know.
These two UFOs disguised as clouds were seen over Iceland this week. The closest UFO...which is egg shaped is hovering over some old houses. This makes me highly suspicious that the UFOs are scanning the inhabitants in order to learn more about human activity. They may even be abducting some people and then returning them all in a few minutes whiteout them ever knowing it happened. Although such a phenomenon is known as "missing time," it can happen so fast that no such time is missing at all. The chances that the egg shaped craft is abducting someone is extraordinarily high. I made one photo into a negative format above in order to see more detail of the UFOs. Scott C. Waring
UFO Recorded On Video By Drone Over Argentina! UFO Sighting News.
UFO Recorded On Video By Drone Over Argentina! UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighing: Buenos Aires, Argentina
Location of sighting: Oct 12, 2019
This UFO was caught by a high tech drone this week. As the drone is panning out, turning ever so slowly, an unknown object shoots past at incredible speed from the horizon and heading directly toward the drone, passing it in seconds. Alien drones are known for investigating planes and drones...probably to learn about the latest technology and software in it so that they can better asses human technological abilities.
Bright UFO speeds up, slows down, changes direction caught on camera over Russia
Bright UFO speeds +up, slows down, changes direction caught on camera over Russia
Thanks to Scott Waring - ET Data Base who states: This UFO was caught over Russia last week. The eyewitness mistakenly identified it as ball lightning. However ball lightning is not this big, nor can it change speeds like this does.
Also this UFO seems to change speed as it gets closer to the eyewitness. The UFO speeds up, slows down dramatically, then speeds up again. Only an intelligently controlled device could have some control over its speed.
This is also not a plane because it has no wings, and its speed is too fast. This can't be a meteor because its not being pulled down by gravity, but flying horizontal across the sky.
De stad waar ik vandaan kom is Brits ‘Area 51’. Beroemde acteur doet boekje open over buitenaardse hotspot
De Welshe acteur Michael Sheen heeft gezegd dat de stad waar hij is opgegroeid, Port Talbot, de Britse variant van Area 51 is. Hij heeft daar naar eigen zeggen UFO’s waargenomen.
De beroemde acteur suggereerde dat de stad mogelijk een hotspot is voor buitenaards leven.
“Mijn vorige buurvrouw, een zeer gerespecteerde dame, zei tegen ons dat ze op een ochtend in de keuken stond en koffie aan het maken was, toen er opeens een vliegende schotel in haar achtertuin verscheen,” vervolgde hij.
“Je zou denken dat dat onzin is, maar het was een hele serieuze dame,” klonk het.
Sheen zegt zelf ook vreemde dingen te hebben meegemaakt.
Formatie
“Op een dag kwam ik thuis en zag ik een formatie lichten in de lucht,” zei hij. “Ik dacht bij mezelf dat het een soort vreemde reflectie was.”
“Ze gingen richting de zee en verdwenen vervolgens,” aldus Sheen.
Vader
Hij zei verder dat zijn vader ongeveer vijf jaar geleden een object in de lucht zag waar allerlei lichten omheen draaiden.
“Het bleef heel lang hangen en schoot vervolgens weg,” zei de acteur.
Fingerprints of Earth's Original Building Blocks Discovered in Diamond-Bearing Rocks
Fingerprints of Earth's Original Building Blocks Discovered in Diamond-Bearing Rocks
Primordial chemical signatures discovered in modern kimberlites trace back 2 billion years.
U of A geochemist Graham Pearson was part of an international research team that analyzed modern rock formed from magma and discovered chemical clues to how Earth formed.
Credit: John Ulan
Scientists have detected primordial chemical signatures preserved within modern kimberlites, according to new research by a multi-national team involving a University of Alberta scientist. The results provide critical insight for understanding the formation of Earth.
“Knowing the chemical signature of Earth’s original building blocks is the holy grail of geochemistry,” said Graham Pearson, author on the study. “This knowledge can help us understand the formation of the planets in the solar system as well as their relationship to each other.”
Kimberlite sample from the Cumberland Peninsula on Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada.
The research team analyzed kimberlites–a type of rock formed by cooling magma that sometimes carries diamonds–from around the world, including many from Canada.
“We found that kimberlites’ chemical signatures are remarkably uniform and very like the chondritic building blocks thought to have formed the Earth 4.55 billion years ago,” added Pearson, professor in the Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Henry Marshall Tory Chair, and Canada Excellence Research Chair Laureate. “We think this is the cleanest signal of this primordial signature found in any group of rocks on Earth.”
The interior of our planet is constantly cycling, as minerals at Earth’s surface are continually returned to great depths through movement of the tectonic plates. “This mixing makes it very difficult to detect the starting ingredients–a bit like trying to detect the brand of flour that was used by tasting an over-cooked cake,” explain
ed Pearson. “The final twist is that in the last 200 million years, these signatures became more scarce, likely due to events associated with the breakup of the supercontinent, Pangaea.”
The discovery of these ancient, primordial signatures suggest that reflect the melting of deep, isolated regions of pristine material within the Earth that have remained untouched by billions of years of tectonic plate recycling–revealing a glimpse of the holy grail that will shed new light on how Earth, and planets like it, formed.
Contacts and sources:
Katie Willis
University of Alberta
Citation:
“Kimberlites reveal 2.5-billion-year evolution of a deep, isolated mantle reservoir,” was published in Nature (doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1574-8).
For many months now, an incident involving pilots who attempted to intercept a strange, oblong-shaped white aircraft while part of a training mission with the U.S.S. Nimitz carrier group in 2004 has been at the center of the modern UFO discussion. The incident has received even more attention in recent weeks, following an appearance by Commander Dave Fravor, one of the principal witnesses, on the popular Joe Rogan Experience podcast.
No one who takes the UFO subject seriously would dispute that the incident is noteworthy. However, many with long-held interests in the subject will also recognize that it is only one of many similar instances where such an object has been observed. In fact, some accounts from the historic record detail sightings of remarkably similar things dating at least as far back as the 1940s.
Loren Gross was among the handful of historically-minded UFO chroniclers who, for many decades, collected and self-published annual UFO commentaries. Beginning in the late 19th century with the famous reports of “mystery airships” and proceeding up until around 1960, Gross’s historical record-keeping on the UFO topic had been noteworthy for its lack of sensational details (unlike the majority of the UFO writing of both then, and now).
One unique report from the early days of UFOs (that is, prior to Kenneth Arnold’s famous sighting) occurred in September 1944, near Oak Ridge, Tennessee; a site that would be notable for other UFO sightings over the years, which some commentators find unsurprising due to the area’s proximity to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
(Public Domain).
The report states that at about dusk on a September evening in 1944, a witness identified only as “Mr. Nelson,” who had been “in the company of two other Oak Ridge workers, A.C. Butler and Albert Profitt, were driving from Oliver Springs into Oak Ridge,” the report states. As the drivers reached a point about two miles outside of Oliver, they said: “a strange object showed up about 50 feet in front of the car ended about the height of the windshield.”
The report says that Nelson, the primary observer, described it as “glossy white in color, and the reflected light had a dimension of about 30 feet long and 4 feet wide.”
“When Nelson eased the car up to the object, it moved slowly away, and when he stopped the car, it also stopped. Nelson claims that he called people out from a house to the roadside to see what they were observing and they were as dumbfounded at the site as the three men were.”
This unusual cat-and-mouse game between the drivers and the strange object continued for several minutes, as Mr. Nelson moved the vehicle back and forth toward the object, watching as it appeared to mimic their movements, moving away as they approached, or following when they backed away.
“Finally, after Nelson had moved forward and stop again several times, the light rose high into the air and disappeared over Black Oak Ridge,” the report states.
Afterward, the incident was reported to several local authorities, along with the FBI’s Knoxville Field Office. According to Mr. Nelson (who had presumably been the one who made the report to the Bureau), “Nelson said that at first the FBI was very interested in the report but then they seemed to lose interest in it completely. He assumed that they found out that the object was some sort of secret weapon being developed at Oak Ridge and so it was no longer of any interest to them.” Whether or not this had actually been the reason for the FBI’s waning attention or not remains unclear.
Certain aspects of the craft observed–particularly the glossy white color and the oblong shape–are notable for their similarity to the now-famous “tictac” UFO observed during the equally well known U.S.S. Nimitz UFO incident of 2004 (Commander Dave Fravor, one of the witnesses to this incident, can be heard describing the object in his interview with Joe Rogan here).
Whether or not this truly indicates any continuity between the two object sightings, observed more than half a century apart, can’t be determined from their descriptions alone. The descriptions of their appearance could very likely be superficial, and the possibility that either or both cases might have been experimental aircraft tests cannot be ruled out.
However, it does appear to show that certain aspects of the UFO phenomenon–whatever it ultimately represents–that have been widely discussed in recent months are not particularly new… although that certainly isn’t news to the many of us who have studied this subject for years, if not decades.
It was on December 2, 1952 that the CIA’s Assistant Director H. Marshall Chadwell stated the following to agency personnel: “Sightings of unexplained objects at great altitudes and traveling at high speeds in the vicinity of major U.S. defense installations are of such nature that they are not attributable to natural phenomena or known types of aerial vehicles.” Chadwell did more than that; he prepared the following guidelines for the National Security Council: “The Director of Central Intelligence shall formulate and carry out a program of intelligence and research activities as required to solve the problem of instant positive identification of unidentified flying objects. Upon call of the Director of Central Intelligence, Government departments and agencies shall provide assistance in this program of intelligence and research to the extent of their capacity provided, however, that the DCI shall avoid duplication of activities presently directed toward the solution of this problem. This effort shall be coordinated with the military services and the Research and Development Board of the Department of Defense, with the Psychological Board and other Governmental agencies as appropriate. The Director of Central Intelligence shall disseminate information concerning the program of intelligence and research activities in this field to the various departments and agencies which have authorized interest therein.”
Two days later, the Intelligence Advisory Committee agreed with Chadwell’s plans and made a recommendation that “the services of selected scientists to review and appraise the available evidence in the light of pertinent scientific theories” should be employed. It was as a direct outcome of this development that what became known as the Robertson Panel was created; a group headed by Howard Percy Robertson, who was a highly respected consultant to the Agency. He was also a noted physicist, and the director of the Defense Department Weapons Evaluation Group. It was Chadwell’s job to select a group of individuals who were deemed to be the right people to tackle the UFO problem – which included anxieties concerning Russian propaganda. The group included Luis Alvarez, physicist, radar expert (and later, a Nobel Prize recipient); Frederick C. Durant, CIA officer, secretary to the panel and missile expert; Samuel Abraham Goudsmit, Brookhaven National Laboratories nuclear physicist; and Thornton Page, astrophysicist, radar expert, and deputy director of Johns Hopkins Operations Research Office. In rapid time they plunged into the heart of the mystery.
There have been longstanding rumors in the field of Ufology that the CIA knows all about the truth of the UFO enigma, of the Roswell incident of 1947, and of what really goes down at Area 51. The Robertson Panel’s conclusions, however, suggested that UFOs did not have a direct, significant impact on the United States’ national security. Rather, the major worry of the panel was how the public mindset could, in theory, be affected by bogus tales of UFO encounters – and created and weaved by the Reds. On this very matter, the Robertson Panel recorded these words: “Although evidence of any direct threat from these sightings was wholly lacking, related dangers might well exist resulting from: A. Misidentification of actual enemy artifacts by defense personnel. B. Overloading of emergency reporting channels with ‘false’ information. C. Subjectivity of public to mass hysteria and greater vulnerability to possible enemy psychological warfare [italics mine].”
Clearly, when it came to UFOs, it was those matters concerning “mass hysteria” and “false information” that dominated the thinking of the Robertson Panel. The possible presence of real aliens in the United States seemed to be very much in the background for the CIA. There was also a recommendation that a number of the public UFO investigative groups which existed in the United States at the time should be “watched” carefully due to “the apparent irresponsibility and the possible use of such groups for subversive purposes.” For the CIA, “subversive purposes” meant the actions of the Soviets, or, worse, of home-grown-and-groomed communists. Maybe, both. It’s entirely possible that at least some reports of fear-filled encounters with the so-called “Men in Black” in that era may have been provoked by such surveillance. Particularly so if UFO researchers were threatened by fedora-sporting and trench-coat-wearing government agents late at night – which typifies the appearances and actions of the MIB.
Weird pyramid-shaped alien object spotted in the sky above Munich, Germany
Weird pyramid-shaped alien object spotted in the sky above Munich, Germany
New video from Mrmb333 shows a strange blinking and flashing object in the sky that de-cloaks itself into a v-shaped craft.
Besides the strange v-shaped craft the video shows unnatural sky phenomena where a pyramid-shaped object in the sky above Munich in Germany is the most striking phenomenon which cannot be easily explained.
Could it be that it a hologram projected from another dimension or this pyramid-shaped object, wherein the outlines of the pyramid are clearly recognizable, is an alien space ship like a Vimāna as described in Hindu texts and Sanskrit epics?
Mysterious Flashing Lights in Ayrshire Skyline Spook Glasgow Couple
Mysterious Flashing Lights in Ayrshire Skyline Spook Glasgow Couple
Adam Devlin and Maxine Steel spotted the bright white lights spinning in the clouds while traveling on the A77 near Galston at around 9 pm.
The Ayrshire couple were left baffled after seeing the strange lights. Adam,29, said they had no idea as to what it was. He added that it was one of the most unusual things he had ever seen.
The mysterious lights totally freaked them out, according to Adam. He was confident it wasn’t a helicopter or a plane. He thought it could have been a UFO.
Now residents in Glasgow, the couple were driving down visiting family when the strange lights caught their attention reflecting on their windscreen. At first, Adam did not think anything of it, but then they stopped the car, and there was nothing else around. They heard no sound from the lights.
Adam said the lights were up in the clouds spinning around in a circular motion. Maxine added that they were freaking out, and they did not and still don’t have a clue about the unusual lights.
Aliens or Something Else - Whatever They Are They Are Coming to Earth
Aliens or Something Else - Whatever They Are They Are Coming to Earth
This is a terrific interview that covers everything from close encounters to strange beings. It avoids the temptation to endorse any hypothesis regarding the nature and origin of extraterrestrials, focusing instead on interactions between humans and an unknown reality with which we are not prepared to cope. Philip Mantle, a seasoned and respected UFO investigator has drawn on his extensive real world UFO research experience to bring us this amazing insight.
The U.S. Army and a prominent UFO research group are teaming up to investigate mysterious technology, but won’t come out and say where the tech comes from.
To The Stars Academy of Arts and Science, the organization led by former Blink-182 member Tom DeLonge, will work with the Army to “characterize” technology under the organization’s control, and then use the tech to improve military vehicles. We have a lot of questions about this bizarre partnership, starting with the most important: Where did the technology come from?
To The Stars, which released the infamous Navy-confirmed UFO videos, made the announcement today on its website, saying it has entered into a “Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) with the U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command to advance TTSA’s materiel and technology innovations in order to develop enhanced capabilities for Army ground vehicles.”
CRADAs are a form of joint research agreement between an agency of the federal government and research organizations, particularly academia, in which the feds provide “laboratories ... personnel, facilities, equipment or other resources with or without reimbursement.”
According to multiple definitions of CRADAs on federal websites, the transfer of federal funding is prohibited.
TTSA describes its contribution to the agreement as “technology solutions” that include “material science, space-time metric engineering, quantum physics, beamed energy propulsion, and active camouflage.”
In 1966, a 13-year-old boy was walking his dog and reportedly took this photo of a flying saucer in Wall Township, New Jersey. He showed it to the Army, but no comment was made by the military.
BETTMANNGETTY IMAGES
The Army will provide “laboratories, expertise, support, and resources to help characterize the technologies and its applications.”
“Our partnership with TTSA serves as an exciting, non-traditional source for novel materials and transformational technologies to enhance our military ground system capabilities,” said Dr. Joseph Cannon of Army Futures Command in the press release. “At the Army's Ground Vehicle Systems Center, we look forward to this partnership and the potential technical innovations forthcoming.”
Where did TTSA’s impressive list of technology come from? The implicit answer is: UFOs, also known as Unexplained Aerial Phenomena (UAPs).
UFO/UAP traditionally means anything we spot in the sky that's unusual. But here's the thing: Swamp gas and Venus sightings don't leave behind technology that's so advanced, it needs to be "characterized" by the federal government.
Whatever this technology is, and even To The Stars apparently isn't quite sure, it comes from what we commonly call flying saucers.
According to The New York Times, the Pentagon spent $22 million between 2008 and 2011 on the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP), an organization tasked with looking into UFOs. The program reportedly stored “metal alloys and other materials" that Luis Elizondo, then the director of the AATIP and now the director of global security and special programs at To The Stars, said had been "recovered from unidentified aerial phenomena."
In July, we reported that TTSA acquired “several pieces of metamaterials” sourced from “an advanced aerospace vehicle of unknown origin.” The organization claims it can track ownership of the materials all the way back to the mid-1990s. Exactly where the materials came from is anyone's guess.
Lights in the morning sky over Coast Guard Air Station Salem, Salem, Massachusetts, July 16, 1952. The lights, speculated to be UFOs, were photographed by US Coast Guardsman Shell R. Alpert and witnessed by fellow Coast Guardsman Thomas E. Flaherty.
TIME LIFE PICTURESGETTY IMAGES
It’s hard to know what to make of all this. The Army obviously thinks there's something worth sticking its reputation out for, but there isn't any evidence available to the public to justify its association with a UFO research group.
Funding research into UFOs is one thing, and the U.S. government has done it multiple times over the past 70 years. Expecting actual technology samples from UFOs is another thing. Agreeing to do research and development work on them is something else entirely.
If—and it’s a big if—this technology could be ported over to the military, could it give U.S. troops an advantage on the battlefield? Yes, although at best, that advantage might be no better than giving a caveman’s spear a titanium shaft.
At worst, the technology could prove unreplicable by our modern standards. If you went back in time and gave Benjamin Franklin an iPhone, he would certainly find it fascinating, but be completely unable to duplicate it—and that’s with a time difference of just over 200 years. UFOs, if they are indeed from another world, could be thousands of years ahead of us.
Could To The Stars technology list benefit the Army? Theoretically, yes. “Material science” could lead to tougher, lighter materials able to better resist enemy fire. “Beamed energy propulsion,” which sounds like the use of microwaves or lasers to transfer energy, could enable drones to fly longer. “Active camouflage” sounds like a mimetic camouflage system such as that used by squid or even the Predator.
But does TTAS actually have this technology? Well, we’re just going to have to wait and see.
Michael Sheen claims Port Talbot is a 'hub' for extraterrestrial life after spotting UFOs flying in the Welsh town.
The actor, 50, grew up in the Welsh community before finding fame in films including The Damned United, The Queen and Frost/Nixon.
Speaking on Richard Herring's Leicester Square Theatre podcast today, Sheen said his hometown was a 'stop-off' for alien life, like the 'Little Chef of the galaxy'.
Michael Sheen joked Port Talbot was a 'hub' for extraterrestrial life after spotting UFOs flying in the Welsh town
Port Talbot: The Welsh town is the epicentre of UFO activity in the UK according to the Hollywood star
Herring described Sheen as 'the fantastic UFOologist' as he joked about his extraterrestrial experiences growing up.
Sheen said: 'I think Port Talbot, where I come from, is on some weird alien map. It's like some sort of stop off, it's like a lay-by. It's like the Little Chef of the Galaxy.
'The lady who lived next door - who was a very respectable lady and someone who wouldn't make up stories - told us that one morning she was in the kitchen which overlooked the back garden.
'She said she was standing there making a coffee and a flying saucer came down and hovered over her back garden and then went.
'Of course, you think that's nonsense but she was a very serious lady.'
Sheen continued by saying both he and his father had had similar close encounters.
He said: 'One day I was coming home from school. I got off the school bus and I was walking up my street.
'I was just about to turn up the path to my house and coming round the mountain [near his house] was a formation of lights.
'I stood there looking at it thinking, 'this is going to be some sort of weird reflection'.
'There was a formation of some things coming round and going out across the sea then disappearing.'
Sheen said of Port Talbot (pictured): 'It's like some sort of stop off, it's like a lay-by. It's like the Little Chef of the Galaxy'
He continued: 'And then years later on New Year's Eve - not that long ago, about five years ago - my dad, who had not had a drink that night, went up to bed.
'He said he saw a light in the sky. My dad is a character but is not someone who would make this up.
'He said he saw a thing in the sky with lights going around it - it was there for ages then it shot off.
'I think Port Talbot is some kind of hub.'
Host Richard Herring then quipped: 'People in Port Talbot maybe haven't seen a helicopter before - could it be that?
To which Sheen replied: 'That is entirely possible.'
Port Talbot is located seven miles to the east of Swansea and has a population of around 37,000.
Space Mysteries: If the universe is 13.8 billion years old, how can a star be more than 14 billion years old?
This Digitized Sky Survey image shows the oldest star with a well-determined age in our galaxy. Called the Methuselah star, HD 140283 is 190.1 light-years away. Astronomers refined the star's age to about 14.3 billion years (which is older than the universe), plus or minus 800 million years. Image released March 7, 2013.
For more than 100 years, astronomers have been observing a curious star located some 190 light years away from Earth in the constellation Libra. It rapidly journeys across the sky at 800,000 mph (1.3 million kilometers per hour). But more interesting than that, HD 140283 — or Methuselah as it's commonly known — is also one of the universe's oldest known stars.
In 2000, scientists sought to date the star using observations via the European Space Agency's (ESA) Hipparcos satellite, which estimated an age of 16 billion years old. Such a figure was rather mind-blowing and also pretty baffling. As astronomer Howard Bond of Pennsylvania State University pointed out, the age of the universe — determined from observations of the cosmic microwave background — is 13.8 billion years old. "It was a serious discrepancy," he said.
Taken at face value, the star's predicted age raised a major problem. How could a star be older than the universe? Or, conversely, how could the universe be younger? It was certainly clear that Methuselah — named in reference to a biblical patriarch who is said to have died aged 969, making him the longest lived of all the figures in the Bible — was old, since the metal-poor subgiant is predominantly made of hydrogen and helium and contains very little iron. It's composition meant the star must have come into being before iron became commonplace.
But more than two billion years older than its environment? Surely that is just not possible.
Taking a closer look at the age of Methuselah
Bond and his colleagues set themselves to the task of figuring out whether or not that initial figure of 16 billion was accurate. They pored over 11 sets of observations that had been recorded between 2003 and 2011 by the Fine Guidance Sensors of the Hubble Space Telescope, which make a note of the positions, distances and energy output of stars. In acquiring parallax, spectroscopy and photometry measurements, a better sense of age could be determined.
"One of the uncertainties with the age of HD 140283 was the precise distance of the star," Bond told All About Space. "It was important to get this right because we can better determine its luminosity, and from that its age — the brighter the intrinsic luminosity, the younger the star. We were looking for the parallax effect, which meant we were viewing the star six months apart to look for the shift in its position due to the orbital motion of the Earth, which tells us the distance."
There were also uncertainties in the theoretical modelling of the stars, such as the exact rates of nuclear reactions in the core and the importance of elements diffusing downwards in the outer layers, he said. They worked on the idea that leftover helium diffuses deeper into the core, leaving less hydrogen to burn via nuclear fusion. With fuel used faster, the age is lowered.
This is a backyard view of the sky surrounding the ancient Methuselah star, cataloged as HD 140283. Image released March 7, 2013.
(Image credit: A. Fujii and Z. Levay (STScI))
"Another factor that was important was, of all things, the amount of oxygen in the star," Bond said. HD 140283 had a higher than predicted oxygen-to-iron ratio and, since oxygen was not abundant in the universe for a few million years, it pointed again to a lower age for the star.
Bond and his collaborators estimated HD 140283's age to be 14.46 billion years — a significant reduction on the 16 billion previously claimed. That was, however, still more than the age of the universe itself, but the scientists posed a residual uncertainty of 800 million years, which Bond said made the star's age compatible with the age of the universe, even though it wasn't entirely perfect.
"Like all measured estimates, it is subject to both random and systematic error," said physicist Robert Matthews of Aston University in Birmingham, UK, who was not involved in the study. "The overlap in the error bars gives some indication of the probability of a clash with cosmological age determinations," Matthews said. "In other words, the best supported age of the star is in conflict with that for the derived age of the universe [as determined by the cosmic microwave background], and the conflict can only be resolved by pushing the error bars to their extreme limits."
Further refinements saw the age of HD 140283 fall a bit more. A 2014 follow-up study updated the star's age to 14.27 billion years. "The conclusion reached was that the age is about 14 billion years and, again, if one includes all sources of uncertainty — both in the observational measurements and the theoretical modelling — the error is about 700 or 800 million years, so there is no conflict because 13.8 billion years lies within the star's error bar," Bond said.
This graphic shows a timeline of the universe based on the Big Bang theory and inflation models.
(Image credit: NASA/WMAP)
Taking a closer look at the age of the universe
For Bond, the similarities between the age of the universe and that of this old nearby star — both of which have been determined by different methods of analysis — is "an amazing scientific achievement which provides very strong evidence for the Big Bang picture of the universe". He said the problem with the age of the oldest stars is far less severe than it was in the 1990s when the stellar ages were approaching 18 billion years or, in one case, 20 billion years. "With the uncertainties of the determinations, the ages are now agreeing," Bond said.
Yet Matthews believes the problem has not yet been resolved. Astronomers at an international conference of top cosmologists at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics in Santa Barbara, California, in July 2019 were puzzling over studies that suggested different ages for the universe. They were looking at measurements of galaxies that are relatively nearby which suggest the universe is younger by hundreds of millions of years compared to the age determined by the cosmic microwave background.
In fact, far from being 13.8 billion years old, as estimated by the European Planck space telescope's detailed measurements of cosmic radiation in 2013, the universe may be as young as 11.4 billion years. One of those behind the studies is Nobel laureate Adam Riess of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, Maryland.
The conclusions are based on the idea of an expanding universe, as shown in 1929 by Edwin Hubble. This is fundamental to the Big Bang — the understanding that there was once a state of hot denseness that exploded out, stretching space. It indicates a starting point that should be measurable, but fresh findings are suggesting that the expansion rate is actually around 10% higher than the one suggested by Planck.
Indeed, the Planck team determined that the expansion rate was 67.4 km per second per megaparsec, but more recent measurements taken of the expansion rate of the universe point to values of 73 or 74. That means there is a difference between the measurement of how fast the universe is expanding today and the predictions of how fast it should be expanding based on the physics of the early universe, Riess said. It's leading to a reassessment of accepted theories while also showing there is still much to learn about dark matter and dark energy, which are thought to be behind this conundrum.
A higher value for the Hubble Constant indicates a shorter age for the universe. A constant of 67.74 km per second per megaparsec would lead to an age of 13.8 billion years, whereas one of 73, or even as high as 77 as some studies have shown, would indicate a universe age no greater than 12.7 billion years. It's a mismatch that suggests, once again, that HD 140283 is older than the universe. It has also since been superseded by a 2019 study published in the journalSciencethat proposed a Hubble Constant of 82.4 — suggesting that the universe's age is only 11.4 billion years.
Matthews believes the answers lie in greater cosmological refinement. "I suspect that the observational cosmologists have missed something that creates this paradox, rather than the stellar astrophysicists," he said, pointing to the measurements of the stars being perhaps more accurate. "That's not because the cosmologists are in any way sloppier, but because age determination of the universe is subject to more and arguably trickier observational and theoretical uncertainties than that of stars."
A visualization of the formation of the first stars.
(Image credit: Wise, Abel, Kaehler (KIPAC/SLAC))
So, how will scientists figure this out?
But what could be making the universe potentially appear younger than this particular star?
"There are two options, and the history of science suggests that in such cases the reality is a mix of both," Matthews said. "In this case that would be sources of observational error that haven't been fully understood, plus some gaps in the theory of the dynamics of the universe, such as the strength of dark energy, which has been the prime driver of the cosmic expansion for many billions of years now."
He suggests the possibility that the current "age paradox" reflects time variation in dark energy, and thus a change in the rate of acceleration — a possibility theorists have found might be compatible with ideas about the fundamental nature of gravity, such as so-called causal set theory. New research into gravitational waves could help to resolve the paradox, Matthews said.
To do this, scientists would look at the ripples in the fabric of space and time created by pairs of dead stars, rather than relying on the cosmic microwave background or the monitoring of nearby objects such as Cepheid variables and supernovae to measure the Hubble Constant — the former resulting in the speed of 67 km per second per megaparsec and the latter in 73.
Trouble is, measuring gravitational waves is no easy task, given they were only directly detected for the first time in 2015. But according to Stephen Feeney, an astrophysicist at the Flatiron Institute in New York, a breakthrough could be made over the course of the next decade. The idea is to collect data from collisions between pairs ofneutron starsusing the visible light these events emit to figure out the speed they are moving relative to Earth. It also entails analyzing the resulting gravitational waves for an idea of distance — both of which can combine to give a measurement of the Hubble Constant that should be the most accurate yet.
The mystery of the age of HD 140283 is leading to something bigger and more scientifically complex, altering the understanding of how the universe works.
"The most likely explanations for the paradox are some overlooked observational effect and/or something big missing from our understanding of the dynamics of the cosmic expansion," Matthews said. Precisely what that "something" is, is sure to keep astronomers challenged for some time.
AFPPhusarum polycephalum of blob in de dierentuin van Parijs.
DIERENZoo de Paris, een dierentuin in Parijs, heeft een wel heel bijzonder organisme uitgestald voor het publiek. Het heeft een gele kleur, eet zonder mond, beweegt zonder benen, het ziet eruit als een fungus maar gedraagt zich als een dier. In de war? Wij ook.
De ‘blob’ is een slijmerig, eencellig organisme dat de wetenschappelijke benaming ‘Phusarum polycephalum’ kreeg. Nogal moeilijk om uit te spreken, dus kreeg het organisme een bijnaam: kortweg blob, naar de sciencefictionfilm waarbij een onbekend wezen in een stadje terechtkomt en daar alles en iedereen wil verslinden.
Geen schrik: ontsnappen en een stad vernietigen zal dit organisme niet snel doen. Maar als je heel veel geduld hebt, zie je het organisme misschien alsnog bewegen met een snelheid van één centimeter per uur. “Vier centimeter als hij sprint”, aldus Zoo de Paris.
Zoo de Paris@zoodeparis
Dans une semaine, vous pourrez découvrir une nouvelle espèce au @zoodeparis : le #blob ! Cet être unicellulaire ne manquera pas de vous surprendre. Déroulez notre fil pour en savoir plus... #5AnsZoodeParis#RDVSauvage MNHN - F.-G. Grandin
De (onschuldige) blob in Parijs behoort tot de slijmzwammen en telt bijna 720 geslachten. Daarnaast kan het organisme zichzelf genezen nadat het bijvoorbeeld in tweeën werd gesneden. De blob doet qua uiterlijk wat denken aan een schimmel, maar is toch een klasse apart. “Het is een van de grootste mysteries van de natuur”, aldus Bruno David, directeur van het Museum of Natural History in Parijs.
Zo is de blob ‘intelligent’ genoeg om zijn weg uit een doolhof te vinden. “Het is verrassend hoe het geen brein heeft, en toch in staat is om te leren. Als je twee blobs bijvoorbeeld samenvoegt, zal de ene zijn verworven kennis overdragen aan de andere.” Dat betekent dat de blob informatie kan vergaren, maar ook verzenden: “Verrassend gedrag voor iets dat op een paddenstoel lijkt”.
Geen wonder dat biologen zo’n fascinatie koesteren voor het mysterieuze organisme. Tot op heden wordt Phusarum polycephalum nog steeds beschouwd als een onbekende vorm van intelligentie.
Artist's representation of a crumbling Dyson sphere -- a theoretical alien megastructure -- orbiting a star.
Danielle Futselaar/METI International
Something strange is going on around star system HD 139139 (sometimes called EPIC 249706694), so naturally some scientists have checked to see if it might be the product of some sort of extraterrestrial intelligence.
The answer so far, for the umpteen-millionth time in a row is: It's probably not aliens.
The weird behavior stems from what's believed to be a pair of stars bound to each other nicknamed the "Random Transiter" (a transit is an astronomy term for when something like a planet passes in front of a star, dimming its brightness slightly). It's reminiscent of KIC 8462852, better known as Boyajian's Star or Tabby's Star, which dims randomly and also gradually over time. Boyajian's Star went viral after astronomers like Pennsylvania State University's Jason Wright suggested that the ongoing construction of alien megastructures could explain the odd dimming.
Aliens are not a leading explanation for the behavior of Boyajian's Star at this point. We know this in part because SETI (Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence) researchers checked with the help of a teenager.
Naturally, some of those same researchers are now checking the Random Transiter for signs of life, or at least technology created by it. As with Boyajian's Star, astronomers have also observed a number of random transits, or dimming events, of HD 139139. In fact, it was seen dimming randomly by the Kepler Space Telescope 28 times over an 87-day period.
So the team used the Green Bank Radio Telescope in West Virginia to check for radio emissions from the distant star system around 350 light years away from Earth. After listening for three five-minute sessions, there were no signs of life or tech.
"We detect no evidence of technosignatures from EPIC 249706694," they write.
Even if there are no aliens, the mystery of the Random Transiter remains intriguing. Possible explanations include a huge collection of up to 28 planets orbiting the star, an extremely close-in planet or planets whipping around the two stars via some undetectable pattern, a belt of dust and debris or possibly interstellar objects.
There are problems with some of these explanations, though. And with alien megastructures also now seeming pretty unlikely, the possibilities are only limited to everything that scientists haven't thought of yet.
De vreemdste dubbelster van het sterrenstelsel is een groot raadsel voor astronomen
De vreemdste dubbelster van het sterrenstelsel is een groot raadsel voor astronomen
Er is iets vreemds aan de hand met dubbelster HD 139139. Sommige wetenschappers hebben nu gekeken of het vreemde gedrag van de ster misschien wordt veroorzaakt door een buitenaardse intelligentie.
De dubbelster doet denken aan KIC 8462852, beter bekend als Tabby’s ster, die zo nu en dan zwakker schijnt.
Astronomen suggereerden dat de helderheidsdipjes veroorzaakt konden worden door een buitenaardse megastructuur.
28 keer
Het SETI Institute heeft onderzocht of er leven is in de buurt van HD 139139.
Uit gegevens van de Kepler-ruimtetelescoop blijkt dat de dubbelster in 87 dagen tijd 28 keer zwakker is geworden.
Om die reden was de dubbelster een interessant doelwit voor onderzoekers van het Breakthrough Listen-project van de Universiteit van Californië – Berkeley.
Technosignaturen
Het team gebruikte de Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia om te speuren naar radiosignalen rond de dubbelster, die op zo’n 350 lichtjaar staat.
Je kunt je afvragen of een buitenaardse beschaving die in staat is om een megastructuur te bouwen rond een ster, nog gebruik zal maken van radiosignalen.
“We hebben geen bewijs voor technosignaturen ontdekt,” schrijven de onderzoekers.
Maar wat?
Er zijn nog een aantal andere mogelijkheden, bijvoorbeeld een enorme verzameling planeten rond de dubbelster of enkele planeten die extreem dicht in de buurt van de dubbelster staan.
Het zou ook kunnen gaan om stof, puin of interstellaire objecten.
Al deze mogelijke theorieën geven echter geen sluitende verklaring voor het verschijnsel.
These images from the Mars Express spacecraft show an ancient, dried-up river system, one of the longest valley networks on Mars.
View larger. | Nirgal Vallis, a dried-up river valley on Mars. This oblique perspective view was generated using a digital terrain model and Mars Express data gathered in November, 2018 during the spacecraft’s orbit #18818.
Read more about this image,This image from ESA’s Mars Express shows a dried-up river valley on Mars named Nirgal Vallis. This oblique perspective view was generated using a digital terrain model and Mars Express data gathered on 16 November 2018 during Mars Express orbit 18818. The ground resolution is approximately 14 m/pixel and the images are centred at about 315°E/27°S. This image was created using data from the nadir and colour channels of the High Resolution Stereo Camera. The nadir channel is aligned perpendicular to the surface of Mars, as if looking straight down at the surface.
which is via ESA/DLR/FU Berlin.
The new images on this page – released October 10, 2019 – are from the European Space Agency’s Mars Express spacecraft. They show an ancient, dried-up river system – called Nirgal Vallis by Earth’s space scientists – stretching for nearly 435 miles (700 km) across Mars’ surface. It’s one of the longest valley networks on this neighboring world. The area lies just south of the planet’s equator, and scientists think it was shaped by a mix of flowing water and impacts by rocks from space smashing into the Martian surface.
You can see evidence of both of these mechanisms in these images. For example, in the images below, see the impact craters, some large and some small, on Mars’ surface. A tree-like, forked channel cuts prominently through the center of the frame.
All of these images cover a part of the Martian surface centered at about 315 degrees east longitude/27 degrees south latitude. North is to the right.
The dried-up river valley on Mars named Nirgal Vallis. This image – and the 2 below – are from ESA’s Mars Express, using data gathered on November 16, 2018, during orbit #18818 of Mars Express. The ground resolution is approximately 14 meters per pixel and the images are centered at about 315 degrees east longitude/27 degrees south latitude. This image was created using data from the nadir and color channels of the High Resolution Stereo Camera. The nadir channel is aligned perpendicular to the surface of Mars, as if looking straight down at the surface.
View larger. | This color-coded topographic view shows a dried-up river valley on Mars named Nirgal Vallis. In this image, lower parts of the surface are shown in blues and purples, while higher altitude regions show up in whites, yellows, and reds, as indicated on the scale to the top right.
Read more about this image,This colour-coded topographic view shows a dried-up river valley on Mars named Nirgal Vallis. Lower parts of the surface are shown in blues and purples, while higher altitude regions show up in whites, yellows, and reds, as indicated on the scale to the top right. This view is based on a digital terrain model of the region, from which the topography of the landscape can be derived. It comprises data obtained by the High Resolution Stereo Camera on Mars Express on 16 November 2018 during orbit 18818. The ground resolution is approximately 14 m/pixel and the images are centred at about 315°E/27°S. North is to the right.
via ESA/DLR/FU Berlin.
Here’s Nirgal Vallis again. If you’ve got 3D red-green or red-blue glasses, check out this image. This anaglyph was derived from data obtained by the nadir and stereo channels of the High Resolution Stereo Camera on ESA’s Mars Express during spacecraft orbit #18818.
Nirgal Vallis is a typical example of a feature known as an amphitheater-headed valley. As the name suggests, rather than ending bluntly or sharply, the ends of these tributaries have the characteristic semi-circular, rounded shape of an ancient Greek amphitheater. Such valleys also typically have steep walls, smooth floors, and, if sliced through at a cross-section, adopt a ‘U’ shape. The valleys pictured here are about 200 meters (656 feet) deep and 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) wide, and their floors are covered in sandy dunes; the appearance of these dunes indicates that Martian winds tend to blow roughly parallel to the valley walls.
We see valleys like this often on Earth, including valleys found in the Chilean Atacama Desert, the Colorado Plateau, and on the islands of Hawaii. Mars also hosts a few of them, withNanedi Valles and Echus Chasmajoining Nirgal Vallis as clear examples of this intriguing feature. Both of these features also resemble terrestrial drainage systems, where meandering, steep-sided valleys – thought to have been formed by free-flowing water – have carved their way through hundreds of kilometers of Martian rock, forging through old volcanic plains, lava flows, and material deposited by strong Martian winds over time.
Scientists say that valleys such as Nirgal Vallis, which are ubiquitous in the low-latitude regions surrounding the Martian equator, indicate that these areas once experienced a far milder, wetter and more Earth-like climate.
Nirgal Vallis in context. The area outlined by the bold white box indicates the area imaged by the Mars Express High Resolution Stereo Camera on November 16, 2018.
An archaeologist from the University of Arizona recently found over two dozen previously unknown Mayan sites all while sitting at his desk. Takeshi Inomata found a free lidar (light detection and ranging) map online and that’s what he used to make the huge discovery.
The lidar technology provides scientists with a way of scanning archaeological sites using airborne lasers. They can even see through dense forests and pick out shapes of old buildings and settlements that once stood at the location.
The free map that Dr. Inomata studied was originally published by Mexico’s National Institute of Statistics and Geography in 2011 and covered a total of 4,440 square miles in Tabasco and Chiapas, Mexico. While the map’s resolution was low, he was still able to find the ruins of 27 previously unknown Maya ceremonial centers. What’s even more incredible is that the ruins were constructed in a way that has never been seen before by archaeologists. Some of the large rectangular platforms that were very low to the ground measured as long as two-thirds of a mile and are believed to be as old as 1000 B.C. to 700 B.C.
Ancient Mayan temple
Dr. Inomata and his wife Daniela Triadan are currently leading excavations at the biggest ceremonial center (they named it Aguada Fenix) that was recently discovered in hopes of learning more about the Mayan culture’s rituals.
In 2005, he and his wife started excavating the ancient city of Ceibal which is located in the Petén rainforest in Guatemala. They uncovered several of the earliest known buildings in the Mayan culture with the ceremonial center being as old as 950 B.C.
“The stuff he is finding is crucial for our understanding of how Maya civilization developed,” stated Arlen Chase who is an archaeologist at Pomona College. For many years, Dr. Inomata has been interested in finding out how the Maya culture began between 1000 B.C. and 400 B.C. and his work is providing important information in figuring that out.
Charles Golden, who is an anthropology professor at Brandeis University, also took a look at some lidar maps and discovered numerous ancient settlements close to the Usumacinta River which borders Mexico and Guatemala.
In other news, a new study suggests that Mayans could have unintentionally caused their own demise by changing the climate. Researchers found evidence in Belize that indicates the Mayans created canals and wetlands to accommodate their rising population, as well as often performing “burn events” while they worked on their farms which created more carbon dioxide and methane in the air that they breathed.
Ancient Mayan temple
In a statement, the study’s lead author Tim Beach said, “We now are beginning to understand the full human imprint of the Anthropocene in tropical forests,” adding, “These large and complex wetland networks may have changed climate long before industrialization and these may be the answer to the long-standing question of how a great rainforest civilization fed itself.”
Takeshi Inomata identified this ancient Maya site, dubbed La Carmelita, using LiDAR maps, seen here in both low and high resolution.
Image courtesy of the Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía/Nacional Center for Airborne Laser Mapping.
Takeshi Inomata identified this ancient Maya site, dubbed La Carmelita, using LiDAR. But the structures are difficult to see with the naked eye.
Photo by Takeshi Inomata.
According to their study, the Birds of Paradise wetland was “five times larger than previously discovered”. Additionally, they discovered another wetland field in Belize that was even larger. “These perennial wetlands were very attractive during the severe Maya droughts, but the Maya also had to be careful with water quality to maintain productivity and human health,” explained Sheryl Luzzadder-Beach who was the study’s co-author.
The increase in methane in the atmosphere is believed to have happened between 1,800 and 1,000 years ago which coincides with the growing number of Maya wetlands. “Even these small changes may have warmed the planet, which provides a sobering perspective for the order of magnitude greater changes over the last century that are accelerating into the future,” Beach stated. Their research can be read in full here.
How Lasers Are Utterly Transforming Our Understanding of the Ancient Maya, Bringing Their Whole Civilization Back to Light
A LiDAR scan can reveal ancient Maya ruins that might never be found by archaeologists on the ground
The ancient Mayan city of Tikal was one of the best-mapped regions of the Mayan world, but the PACUNAM Lidar Initiative quintupled the amount of mapping done in 50 years in a single summer.
Photo courtesy of Tikal Park.
A newly discovered ancient Maya site north of Tikal as detected by LiDAR.
Image courtesy of Luke Auld/Thomas Garrison/Pacunam.
An aerial view of Tikal.
Photo courtesy of Marcello Canuto.
The Pacunam LiDAR Initiative scanned the Maya Biosphere Reserve in northern Guatemala, finding tens of thousands of previously unknown ancient structures. 61,000 Maya Structures in One Day.
Image courtesy of Francisco Estrada-Belli/Pacunam.
A LiDAR scan of the ancient Maya city of Tikal.
Image courtesy of Marcello Canuto/PACUNAM.
A topographical map of ancient Maya cities in northern Guatemala created with LiDAR scanning of the jungle.
Image courtesy of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Archaeologists announced Sunday that they had discovered the remains of a massive bronze age settlement in northern Israel that could “change forever what we know about emergence of urbanization in entire area.” The site was discovered in Israel’s newest city, Harish, during excavations in preparation for a new highway interchange, which seems to be how about half of all recent history changing discoveries are made.
The 5,000-year old megalopolis covers 160 acres and is the largest Bronze Age settlement ever discovered in Israel. In addition, the Times of Israel reports that archaeologists found remains of an even earlier, 7,000-year old Chalcolithic settlement beneath the 5,000 year old buildings. That’s a pretty good find. Dr. Yitzhak Paz, co-director of the excavation, says:
“It is much larger than any known site in the land of Israel — and outside the land of Israel — in the region of Jordan, Lebanon, southern Syria.”
Overhead view of the Bronze Age megalopolis discovered in Harish.
(Credit: Israel Antiquities Authority)
The site is filled with artifacts and that tell a story of a bustling Bronze age metropolis. The city was home to at least 6,000 people and traded with cultures all across the Mediterranean, and according to the archaeologists, the city was very carefully and thoughtfully planned. Excavation directors Itai Elad, Yitzhak Paz and Dina Shalem say in an IAA statement:
“This is a huge city – a megalopolis in relation to the Early Bronze Age, where thousands of inhabitants, who made their living from agriculture, lived and traded with different regions and even with different cultures and kingdoms in the area… This is the Early Bronze Age New York of our region; a cosmopolitan and planned city.”
Excavation directors (right to left) Itai Elad, Dr. Dina Shalem, and Dr. Yitzhak Paz, walk in a 5,000-year-old alley at the Early Bronze Age excavation site near modern Harish.
(Yoli Schwartz, Israel Antiquities Authority)
Thousands of youth and volunteers participated in the excavation at the Early Bronze Age excavation site near modern Harish.
(Yaniv Berman, Israel Antiquities Authority)
Archaeologists found remains of public and private buildings, streets and alleys, and a fortification wall surrounding the site. The site is in a fertile part of Israel and central to many trade routes, making it the perfect place for a large city. Two large cities, in fact. Dina Salem says in a IAA video:
“The excavation at this site revealed two main settlements. The earliest one is about 7,000 years old. It’s a very large agricultural settlement. Two thousand years later, another settlement became one of the first cities known in this area of the world.”
One of the buildings archaeologists discovered at the site is a temple that may shed some light on the spiritual practices of the Canaanites who lived in the city. The temple has a basin in the courtyard that archaeologists assume was used for ritualistic purposes, and a collection of burnt animal bones possibly used for sacrifices were found inside the temple.
Collection of figurines discovered at the ancient settlement.
(Credit: Israel Antiquities Authority)
Also found were tools, a mysterious cylindrical stamp of a man with his hands in the air, and several figurines of people and animals and tools imported from Egypt.
According to Yitzhak Paz, once it is fully researched and investigated, this site will rewrite history. He says:
“The study of this site will change forever what we know about the emergence [and] rise of urbanization in the land of Israel and in the whole region. And it means that what we know now will change what is written today in the traditional books when people read about the archaeology of Israel.”
And as far as the planned highway interchange goes, they decided to just build it higher up as to not destroy the settlement.
My previous article here at Mysterious Universe was titled “Aliens, Swinging Fun & Secret Surveillance.” It was focused on the life of a woman named Sonja Lyubicin, a 1950s-era Contactee. She claimed not just close encounters with aliens, but swinging parties with them too! It’s an entertaining story of sex, intelligence-gathering by a certain agency of the Australian government, and fun and wild times behind closed doors. As I also noted in the article, that agency was the Australian Security Intelligence Organization. ASIO opened a file on Sonja and her adventurous times, of which closed-minded government-types clearly disapproved. They spent quite a while keeping watch on Sonja, who flew to meet George Adamski in the United States in 1959. It turns out that also in 1959 Adamski lectured in New Zealand on his claims of face-to-face encounters with long-haired aliens. The ASIO watched carefully with regard to Adamski’s claims made in New Zealand, even though New Zealand was not their jurisdiction.
George Adamski
It’s worth noting that George Adamski was, in fact, watched closely by several intelligence agencies in 1959 – and, in part, in relation to the matter of Russia and communism. Adamski’s trip to New Zealand took him to Wellington and Auckland. Notably, this lecture-tour was of interest to the world of government, and Adamski’s presentations were clandestinely scrutinized by various government operatives. A Foreign Service Dispatch of February 1959 was sent from the American Embassy in New Zealand to the Department of State in Washington, D.C., that summarized Adamski’s activities in New Zealand. Also forwarded to the FBI, the CIA, the U.S. Air Force and the U.S. Navy, the report was titled “‘Flying Saucer’ Expert Lecturing In New Zealand” and recorded the following, amusing information:
“Mr. George Adamski, the Californian ‘flying saucer expert’ and author of the book Flying Saucers Have Landed and others, has been visiting New Zealand for the last two weeks. He has given well-attended public lectures in Auckland and Wellington as well as meetings with smaller groups of ‘saucer’ enthusiasts. In Wellington his lecture filled the 2,200 seats in the Town Hall. He was not permitted to charge for admission as the meeting was held on a Sunday night, but a ‘silver coin’ collection was taken up and this would more than recoup his expenses.”
The document continues in equally amusing fashion: “Adamski’s lectures appear to cover the usual mass of sighting reports, pseudo-scientific arguments in support of his theories and his previously well-publicized ‘contacts’ with saucers and men from Venus. He is repeating his contention that men from other planets are living anonymously on the earth and, according to the press, said in Auckland that there may be as many as 40,000,000 of these in total. He is also making references to security restrictions and saying that the U.S. authorities know a lot more than they will tell. The report of Adamski’s lecture in Wellington in The Dominion was flanked by an article by Dr. I.L. THOMPSON, Director of the Carter Observatory, vigorously refuting Adamski on a number of scientific points. However, the news report of the lecture called it ‘the best Sunday night’s entertainment Wellington has seen for quite a time.'”
Moving on, there is this from the authorities who had Adamski under surveillance: “Interest in flying saucers in New Zealand seems to be roughly comparable to that in the United States. There is a small but active organization which enthusiasts have supported for some years. This organization publishes a small paper and receives and circulates stories of sightings. At the Adamski lecture in Wellington, approximately 40 members of the ‘Adamski Corresponding Society’ wore blue ribbons and sat in reserved seats in the front row. Press reports suggest that Adamski probably is making no new converts to saucer credence in his current tour. His audiences have given forth with a certain amount of ‘incredulous murmuring’ and are said to be totally unimpressed with his pictures of saucers.”
In late 1959, Adamski was the topic of FBI interest when an American citizen (whose name is deleted from the FBI records) offered an opinion that Adamski was using the UFO controversy as a means to promote communism and the Russian way of life. In a report on the affair, the FBI recorded the following: “[Censored] said that in recent weeks she and her husband had begun to wonder if Adamski is subtly spreading Russian propaganda. She said that, according to Adamski, the ‘space people’ are much better people than those on earth; that they have told him the earth is in extreme danger from nuclear tests and that they must be stopped; that they have found peace under a system in which churches, schools, individual governments, money, and private property were abolished in favor of a central governing council, and nationalism and patriotism have been done away with; that the ‘space people’ want nuclear tests stopped immediately and that never should people on earth fight; if attacked, they should lay down their arms and welcome their attackers.”
“[Censored] said the particular thing that first made her and her husband wonder about Adamski was a letter they received from him dated 10/12/59, in which it was hinted that the Russians receive help in their outer space programs from the ‘space people,’ and that the ‘space people’ will not help any nation unless such nation has peaceful intent. It occurred to them that the desires and recommendations of the ‘space people’ whom Adamski quotes are quite similar to Russia’s approach, particularly as to the ending of nuclear testing, and it was for this reason she decided to call the FBI.”
Finally, there’s more to come on all of this. It’s something that will help to resolve some of the early “Men in Black” encounters in 1950s-era New Zealand. Stay tuned.
One report of a UFO sighting is interesting. A report of a UFO over a refinery is intriguing. Multiple reports of UFOs over the same refinery in a town known for UFO sightings demands attention … and possibly a government or military investigation. Welcome to Ciudad Madero, a Mexican coastal city in southeast Tamaulipas on the Gulf of Mexico where a UFO was seen and recorded by many people, reported by multiple media sites and raised questions about why UFOs seem to be attracted to refineries and mineral mines, especially in Mexico and Central and South America.
“Photographs of an alleged unidentified flying object (UFO) flying over the facilities of the “ Francisco I. Madero ” Refinery in Pemex , in Ciudad Madero , Tamaulipas , have begun to circulate through social networks.
These facts were reported by public transport operators, in addition to the same workers of the parastatal, who recognize that this type of sightings is not something new.”
El Heraldo de Mexico reports that the UFO sighting occurred on October 12 between 6:50 and 7:00 am and was witnessed by numerous workers. Along with photos of the ring of lights above the refinery (see them here), El Heraldo reminds readers of the “urban legend” of an extraterrestrial ship located just offshore of the city that many believe is there to protect it from hurricanes and tropical storms. The El Rrun Rrun blog shows more photos of the sightings and says that the state’s Direccion de Proteccion Civil (Civil Defense) has received over 50 reports of UFOs in Tamaulipas since October 22, 2008.
“Since the terrible catastrophe caused by Hurricane Hilda in 1955, Tampico seems to be immune to natural disasters. A popular belief says that about 800 meters deep at Miramar Beach, located in Ciudad Madero, an extraterrestrial base was established that protects the coast. It is not uncommon to hear tampiqueños talk about strange lights coming out of the sea or flying saucers guarding the city. The belief in extraterrestrial beings has taken so much strength that on that coast the Martian Day is celebrated on the last Tuesday of each month. On one of these Tuesdays, the municipality of Ciudad Madero unveiled a monument to aliens which, unfortunately, was the victim of robbery within a few weeks.”
“To doubt the existence of UFOs is to have no intelligence.”
Many people like Guillermo H. Sosa Tovar, who shared the images on Facebook, agree. So do local authorities according to the 2015 BBC article.
“The last time a hurricane that was heading towards the Tampico area was diverted was in 2013. That year, local authorities placed the bust of a Martian in Playa Miramar (which was stolen shortly afterwards) and declared that the Martian’s Day would be celebrated on the last Tuesday of October.”
Ufologists have long speculated that sightings over refineries, mines and volcanoes – all common in Mexico – could be extraterrestrial ships refueling or getting parts. Skeptics point out that gasoline is a poor fuel for long-distance travel and believe Martian Day is just a way to attract tourists to this poor city. (Did they see how well this worked out on Storm Area 51 weekend?)
Which way to Martian Day?
“I have many friends who have told me about ships leaving the sea. Even other fishermen have told me that when they go out at night or at dawn, they see very large, very powerful lights that follow them on their routes. Many serious people they told me about things that happened to them. I think it was a ship, they visit us.”
A fisherman named Guadalupe told Vice.com why he believes. Did these same visitors hover their craft over the Pemex refinery in Ciudad Madero on October 12? There appears to have been no interviews with the workers and no official explanation given, leaving locals to draw their own conclusions.
“To doubt the existence of UFOs is to have no intelligence.”
This is ancient technology and its still floating above the surface today. No one knows how old it is, but we do know that it came from a very technologically advanced species. It has the ultimate battery. Something NASA doesn't want to investigate, or at least, doesn't want you to find out about. You can tell it is hovering, because its lit top is more in focus that the things in the background. This is 100% real. This floating orb was found by th late great Streetcap1 and Paranormal Crucible of Youtube and is very extraordinary. It casts a shadow below it and is hovering about 1-2 feet off the ground. The orb itself looks to be two feet across! Scott C. Waring
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:Ruins, strange artifacts on other planets, moons, ed ( Fr, EN, NL )
UFO Comes Out Of Storm Over City In Russia, Oct 2019, Video, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Comes Out Of Storm Over City In Russia, Oct 2019, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Oct 8, 2019
Location of sighting: Russia
This UFO was caught over Russia last week. The eyewitness mistakenly identified it as ball lightning. However ball lightning is not this big, nor can it change speeds like this does. Ball lighting has a size between that of a pea to two meters across. This UFO is huge, about 20-30 meters across! No ball lighting has ever been recorded that big before. Also this UFO seems to change speed as it gets closer to the eyewitness. The UFO speeds up, slows down dramatically, then speeds up again. Only an intelligently controlled device could have some control over its speed. This is also not a plane because it has no wings, and its speed is too fast. This can't be a meteor because its not being pulled down by gravity, but flying horizontal across the sky! This is absolute an alien craft over Russia. There is not a doubt in my mind about this craft. Its 100% alien.
Planet X Anunnaki Mystery of Serpent Mythology Decoded
Planet X Anunnaki Mystery of Serpent Mythology Decoded
This was originally the symbol for the Anunnaki-Sirian creator god, EA, or EN.KI (who has become an Archetype), was the chief of the magicians, “the one who knows,” and infamous for being the serpent of the Garden of Eden who created lifeforms in test tubes half a million years ago with his half-sister Ninharsag, at the suggestion of his son, Marduk, to create humans to be the workers for the gods. (The symbol is also based upon the symbol of the royal Anunnaki family.)
All around the globe, there are intriguing pieces of a massive puzzle that seems to indicate a civilisation known as the Anunnaki were on Earth. From the Middle East and South America, clues to a mysterious episode in history are evident.
The Egyptians, Mayans, and other civilisations whose gods and goddesses looked nearly the same and carried the same bags. The evidence for Anunnaki in various locations increases as historians and archaeologists uncover more information.
Car driver captures weird object in the sky over Texas
Car driver captures weird object in the sky over Texas
While driving on a highway in Texas on October 14, 2019 Almagro Velasquez noticed an unknown cigar-shaped object in the sky on which he started to film the object that apparently did not move at all.
Please take a look and decide for yourself whether it is a UFO, a blimp or just a strange cloud formation.
Twintig intacte sarcofagen in Luxor: hoe oud zijn ze en wie ligt erin?
Twintig intacte sarcofagen in Luxor: hoe oud zijn ze en wie ligt erin?
In de buurt van de Egyptische stad Luxor hebben archeologen twintig verzegelde doodskisten uit het oude Egypte ontdekt. De sarcofagen zijn bijna allemaal zo goed als intact. Volgens het Egyptische ministerie van Oudheden gaat het om een van de grootste en meest belangrijke vondsten van de voorbije jaren.
Kathleen Heylen
De archeologen vonden de doodskisten op de necropolis (oude begraafplaats, red) van Al Asasif, op de westelijke oever van de Nijl, in de buurt van de stad Luxor. Luxor, in het zuiden van Egypte, stond vroeger bekend als Thebe, lange tijd de belangrijkste stad van het oude Egypte. In de omgeving bevinden zich tientallen belangrijke en belangwekkende archeologische vindplaatsen die dateren van 1994 tot 332 voor Christus. Onder meer de beroemde Vallei der Koningen, met de piramides waar de farao’s begraven zijn, ligt in de buurt.
De houten sarcofagen lagen op twee niveaus in een groot graf. Volgens de Egyptische overheid gaat het om "een van de grootste en meest belangrijke vondsten van de voorbije jaren". De kisten verkeren in zeer goede staat en "zien er nog net zo uit als toen de oude Egyptenaren ze achterlieten". De gravures en kleuren zijn goed bewaard.
Het is nog niet duidelijk wie in de sarcofagen ligt. Uit de schilderingen is volgens de archeologen op te maken dat het gaat om belangrijke mensen, zoals machtige functionarissen of edelen.
(tekst gaat voort onder de foto)
Hoe oud zijn de sarcofagen?
Hoe oud de sarcofagen precies zijn, is ook nog niet bekend. Zaterdag komt het ministerie met meer informatie. De meeste graven uit de necropolis van Al Asasif dateren van ongeveer 664 tot 332 voor Christus, de zogenoemde Late Periode van het oude Egypte. Er bevinden zich echter ook graven uit de zogenoemde 18e dynastie (1550 - 1292 voor Christus), met als beroemde telgen de farao's Ahmose, Hatsjepsoet, Thoetmoses III, Amenhotep, Akhenaton en Toetanchamon.
Nog maar enkele dagen geleden maakte het ministerie van Oudheden een andere vondst bekend. In de buurt van Luxor werd een oude nijverheidszone ontdekt met 30 ateliers voor werknemers in de grafindustrie.
Egypte hoopt dat de recente vondsten het toerisme naar het land weer op gang zullen brengen. Door sociale onrust en aanslagen is het aantal toeristen dat naar Egypte reist de afgelopen jaren sterk gedaald.
Ministry of Antiquities-Arab Republic of Egypt@AntiquitiesOf
The Al-Asasif Cachette. Intact and sealed coffins. More details to be announced on Saturday..Keep tuned
Opinion: Here’s a believable explanation of those UFO videos released by the Navy
Opinion: Here’s a believable explanation of those UFO videos released by the Navy
Jurica Dujmović says a military patent could explain mysterious objects caught on video by a jet-fighter pilot
The Stars Academy of Arts & Science
A frame from the U.S. Navy’s video of an unidentified aerial phenomena (UAP), confirmed in September.
By JURICA DUJMOVIC
COLUMNIST
Cue “The X-Files” music and put on your tinfoil hats. We’re going for a ride.
Last month the U.S. Navy confirmed that three videos of unidentified aerial phenomena (UAP) taken by airplane pilots a few years ago are indeed authentic. (Notice we’re not saying “unidentified flying object,” or UFO.) This means the videos went through the U.S. military, so it can be assumed they have not been computer-generated or altered.
Commander David Fravor, who flew one of the fighters in the video (“Gimbal”), describes the object as “Tic Tac”-shaped, 40-feet long, with no wings, exhaust or discernible propulsion. After some maneuvering, the object ended up hovering above the water. Moments later, it rapidly ascended to 12,000 feet and finally accelerated away at a speed the commander suggested was “well above supersonic.”
Unsustainable G-forces
When asked if a human pilot could survive such an acceleration in a modern aircraft, Fravor responded with a resounding “no.” Acceleration of that magnitude would wreak havoc on the human body: broken bones, shifting of organs, burst blood vessels and even death would occur as the body was crushed with G-forces it could not withstand.
But let’s consider for a second that the mysterious object in question was manned by a human pilot. In that case, the vehicle would have to be equipped with the technology capable of reducing the inertial mass of the object by generating gravity waves to reduce G-forces during acceleration.
Navy patent
Perhaps this could be achieved if the outer shell of the craft were turned into a cavity wall filled with gas, which would vibrate thanks to microwave emitters. This description was taken from a patent the U.S. Navy applied for in 2016, which says such a peculiar craft could move with great ease through air, space or water by being enclosed in a vacuum plasma bubble or sheath.
That could be the UAP that Fravor saw during his documented flight. Gravity manipulating tech at play could explain how the craft was able to effortlessly perform certain maneuvers such as suddenly turning sideways without losing altitude (aka knife-edge flight) in the FLIR1 video, or rapidly changing in-flight direction without visible inertia.
While the patent for the mysterious craft was approved last year, there is no indication that it was built or tested. Then again, it’s hard to imagine that a military aircraft equipped with this kind of technology would get any publicity.
Accidental release
If it indeed was this craft in the video, it was built and tested prior to the patent application. However, it could be that the cat got out of the bag. That could be why the Navy reluctantly acknowledged the authenticity of the footage, while also outlining that it wasn’t cleared for public release.
So far, the pieces of the puzzle seem to be falling into place. Then again, at about the 1:17 mark in the video above, one pilot says: “There’s a whole fleet of them. Look on the ASA.” ASA is most likely AESA, the APG-79 radar’s “search while track” feature that enables it to follow multiple targets without degradation to its search capability. Having one experimental craft exposed during a mission is a likely event, but what about a whole fleet?
Two explanations
We have two possibilities: First, there was more than one mysterious aircraft at the location, but it’s unlikely any of them was our patented vehicle.
Another explanation could be that because of the vacuum sheath or another type of stealth technology surrounding the UAP, radar erroneously reported multiple bogies, where in fact there was only one.
That would also explain why the pilot had a hard time locking on to the target in “FLIR1” and “Go Fast” videos. The speed must have played a role as well. Clinicians have a saying: Common things are common. If it looks like a duck, swims like a duck and quacks like a duck, then it probably is a duck.
So what do you think is more likely? A Navy experimental aircraft, inadvertently uncovered by pilots, or an alien UFO? My bet is on the latest Navy patent, but I’m open to suggestions. Please share them in the comment section below. You can take your tinfoil hat off now.
Here's the reality: We're messing up the Earth and any far-out ideas of colonizing another orb when we're done with our own are wishful thinking. That's according to Michel Mayor, an astrophysicist who was a co-recipient of the Nobel Prize in physics this year for discovering the first planet orbiting a sun-like star outside of our solar system.
"If we are talking about exoplanets, things should be clear: We will not migrate there," he told Agence France-Presse (AFP). He said he felt the need to "kill all the statements that say, 'OK, we will go to a livable planet if one day life is not possible on Earth.'"
All of the known exoplanets, or planets outside of our solar system, are too far away to feasibly travel to, he said. "Even in the very optimistic case of a livable planet that is not too far, say a few dozen light years, which is not a lot, it's in the neighbourhood, the time to go there is considerable," he added.
Mayor shared half of the Nobel Prize this year along with Didier Queloz for discovering the first exoplanet in October 1995. Using novel instruments at the Haute-Provence Observatory in southern France, they detected a gas giant similar to Jupiter, which they named 51 Pegasi b. (The other half of the prize was awarded to James Peebles of Princeton University for his work in dark matter and dark energy).
Since then, over 4,000 other exoplanets have been found in the Milky Way, but apparently, none of them can be feasibly reached.
Stephen Kane, a professor of planetary astrophysics at the University of California in Riverside, agrees with Mayor. "The sad reality is that, at this point in human history, all stars are effectively at a distance of infinity," Kane told Live Science. "We struggle very hard as a species to reach the Earth's moon."
We might be able to send people to Mars in the next 50 years, but "I would be very surprised if humanity made it to the orbit of Jupiter within the next few centuries," he said. Since the distance to the nearest star outside of our solar system is about 70,000 times greater than the distance to Jupiter, "all stars are effectively out of reach."
Well, you might say, plenty of things seemed out of reach until we reached them, such as sending aircraft on intercontinental flights. But "in this case, the required physics to reach the stars, if it exists, is not known to us and it would require a fundamental change in our understanding of the relationship between mass, acceleration and energy."
"So that's where we stand, firmly on the Earth, and unlikely to change for a very, very long time," he said.
Mayor told the AFP: "We must take care of our planet, it is very beautiful and still absolutely livable."
Andrew Fraknoi, emeritus chair of the astronomy department at Foothill College in California agreed that we won't be able to travel to these stars in the near future. But "I would never say we can never reach the stars and possible habitable planets," he said. "Who knows how our technology will evolve after another million years of evolution."
China toont eerste foto van Marsverkenner die weg moet effenen voor “zoektocht naar buitenaards leven” - HLN.be
China toont eerste foto van Marsverkenner die weg moet effenen voor “zoektocht naar buitenaards leven” - HLN.be
Twitter CGTNHet ruimtetuig omvat de orbiter, lander en marsrover.
WETENSCHAP China heeft de allereerste foto van zijn Marsverkenner verspreid. Die zal in 2020 gelanceerd worden richting de rode planeet om daar acht maanden later te landen.
Op de foto, die het Chinese staatsmedium China Global Television Network (CGTN) verspreidde, is een omkapseld ruimtetuig te zien. Dat ruimtetuig zou een orbiter, lander en rover omvatten.
De Marsrover moet uiteindelijk op de rode planeet landen om er stalen te vergaren. Daar is het Amerikaanse ruimtevaartagentschap NASA alvast mee bezig met zijn Marsrover Insight. In 2030 moeten de stalen uiteindelijk terugkeren naar de aarde.
Buitenaards leven
Als de missie naar Mars goed verloopt, gaat China nog een stapje verder. “Wanneer de omstandigheden het toelaten, zullen gerelateerde projecten worden opgezet die draaien om de grote wetenschappelijke vraagstukken zoals de oorsprong en evolutie van het zonnestelsel en de zoektocht naar buitenaards leven,” stond vorig jaar in het document te lezen dat werd vrijgegeven door de Chinese overheid.
WETENSCHAP & PLANEETHet Californische ruimtevaartbedrijf SpaceX heeft officieel frequenties aangevraagd voor nog eens 30.000 satellieten bovenop de 12.000 die reeds waren voorzien voor zijn constellatie ten behoeve van wereldwijd snel internet.
De Amerikaanse Telecomautoriteit FCC heeft op 7 oktober bij de Internationale Telecommunicatie Unie (ITU) in Genève twintig aanvragen ingediend voor telkens 1.500 satellieten, zo bevestigde Alexandre Vallet als hoofd ruimtevaartdiensten bij de organisatie aan het Franse persbureau AFP.
De ITU coördineert wereldwijd het spectrum van radiofrequenties en de banen van satellieten. Op zijn website zijn er twintig technische aanvragen voor SpaxeX in te kijken. Een woordvoerder van SpaceX bevestigde niet rechtstreeks het aantal satellieten dat Starlink uiteindelijk zou omvatten, maar hij zei dat het bedrijf “maatregelen neemt om de totale capaciteit en datadensiteit van het Starlink-netwerk te ontwikkelen, om te beantwoorden aan de geanticipeerde groei van de noden van de consumenten”.
Ongerustheid
SpaceX wil vanuit de ruimte een breedbandinternetwerk lanceren, in concurrentie met bijvoorbeeld de start-up OneWeb of het Kuiper-project van Amazon. De elk 227 kilo wegende kunstmaantjes draaien een relatief lage baan. SpaceX heeft in mei de eerste zestig stuks gelanceerd. Vijf procent daarvan was al een maand na lancering buiten dienst.
Momenteel wentelen er meer dan 2.100 actieve satellieten rondom onze planeet op ongeveer 23.000 objecten in totaal, zoals ook rakettrappen en afgedankte satellieten. Dat het aantal nog kan verdubbelen wekt dubbele ongerustheid op: overbevolking in lage banen met risico op botsingen en verstoring van sterrenkundige waarnemingen.
SpaceX zegt dispositieven te hebben om uitgevallen kunstmanen uit hun baan te halen en botsingen te kunnen voorkomen.
Nasa is believed to have been quietly testing a revolutionary new method of space travel that could one day allow humans to travel at speeds faster than light.
Researchers say the new 'impossible' drive could carry passengers and their equipment to the moon in as little as four hours.
A trip to Alpha Centauri, which would take tens of thousands of years now, could be reached in just 100 years.
The system is based on electromagnetic drive, or EMDrive, which converts electrical energy into thrust without the need for rocket fuel.
The concept of an EmDrive engine is relatively simple. It provides thrust to a spacecraft by bouncing microwaves around in a closed container. Pictured is the first device created by Roger Sawyer
HOW DOES AN EMDRIVE WORK?
The concept of an EmDrive engine is relatively simple. It provides thrust to a spacecraft by bouncing microwaves around in a closed container.
Solar energy provides the electricity to power the microwaves, which means that no propellant is needed.
Researchers previously believed this wouldn't work in the vacuum of space, but Nasa has allegedly shown otherwise.
The implications for this could be huge. For instance, current satellites could be half the size they are today without the need to carry fuel.
Humans could also travel further into space, generating their own propulsion on the way.
According to classical physics, this should be impossible because it violates the law of conservation of momentum.
The law states that the momentum of a system is constant if there are no external forces acting on the system – which is why propellant is required in traditional rockets.
Researchers from the US, UK and China have demonstrated EMDrive over the past few decades, but their results have been controversial as no one has been exactly sure how it works.
Now, Nasa has built an EMDrive that works in conditions like those in space, according to users on forum NasaSpaceFlight.com.
A number of those discussing the plan on the technical forum claim to be Nasa engineers who are involved in the project.
The concept of an EmDrive engine is relatively simple. It provides thrust to a spacecraft by bouncing microwaves around in a closed container.
Solar energy provides the electricity to power the microwaves, which means that no propellant is needed.
The implications for this could be huge. For instance, current satellites could be half the size they are today without the need to carry fuel.
Humans could also travel further into space, generating their own propulsion on the way.
When London-based Roger Sawyer came up with concept in 2000, the only team that took him seriously was a group of Chinese scientists.
In 2009, the team allegedly produced 720 millinewton (or 72g) of thrust, enough to build a satellite thruster. But still, nobody believed they had achieved this.
Last year, Pennsylvania-based scientist Guido Fetta and his team at Nasa Eagleworks published a paper that demonstrates that a similar engine works on the same principles.
Their model, dubbed Cannae Drive, produces much less thrust at 30 to 50 micronewtons - less than a thousandth of the output of some relatively low-powered ion thrusters used today.
On the NasaSpaceFlight.com, those allegedly involved in the project claim that the reason previous EmDrive models were criticised were that none of the tests had been carried out in a vacuum.
Solar energy provides the electricity to power the microwaves, which means that no propellant is needed.The implications for this could be huge. For instance, current satellites could be half the size they are today without the need to carry fuel
Physics says particles in the quantum vacuum cannot be ionised, so therefore you cannot push against it. But Nasa's latest test is claimed to have shown otherwise.
'Nasa has successfully tested their EmDrive in a hard vacuum – the first time any organisation has reported such a successful test,' the researchers wrote.
'To this end, Nasa Eagleworks has now nullified the prevailing hypothesis that thrust measurements were due to thermal convection.'
However, Nasa's official site says that: 'There are many 'absurd' theories that have become reality over the years of scientific research.
'But for the near future, warp drive remains a dream,' in a post updated last month.
The Nasa test has yet to be peer-reviewed and the space agency did not immediately respond to DailyMail.com for comment.
NASA engineer's 'helical engine' may violate the laws of physics
NASA engineer's 'helical engine' may violate the laws of physics
Rocket engines that don’t need propellant have been proposed before: this is an illustration of the EM-driveIllustration by luismmolina/iStock / Getty Images Plus
For every action, there is a reaction: that is the principle on which all space rockets operate, blasting propellant in one direction to travel in the other. But one NASA engineer believes he could take us to the stars without any propellant at all.
Designed by David Burns at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Alabama, the “helical engine” exploits mass-altering effects known to occur at near-light speed. Burns has posted a paper describing the concept to NASA’s technical reports server.
It has been met with scepticism from some quarters, but Burns believes his concept is worth pursuing. “I’m comfortable with throwing it out there,” he says. “If someone says it doesn’t work, I’ll be the first to say, it was worth a shot.”
To get to grips with the principle of Burns’s engine, picture a box on a frictionless surface. Inside that box is a rod, along which a ring can slide. If a spring inside the box gives the ring a push, the ring will slide along the rod one way while the box will recoil in the other. When the ring reaches the end of the box, it will bounce backwards, and the box’s recoil direction will switch too. This is action-reaction – also known as Newton’s third law of motion – and in normal circumstances, it restricts the box to wiggling back and forth (see video below).
Helical engine with relativistic masses
This mass changing isn’t prohibited by physics. Einstein’s theory of special relativity says that objects gain mass as they are driven towards the speed of light, an effect that must be accounted for in particle accelerators. In fact, a simplistic implementation of Burns’s concept would be to replace the ring with a circular particle accelerator, in which ions are swiftly accelerated to relativistic speed during one stroke, and decelerated during the other.
But Burns thinks it would make more sense to ditch the box and rod and employ the particle accelerator for the lateral as well as the circular movement – in which case, the accelerator would need to be shaped like a helix.
Frictionless space
It would also need to be big – some 200 metres long and 12 metres in diameter – and powerful, requiring 165 megawatts of power to generate just 1 newton of thrust, which is about the same force you use to type on a keyboard. For that reason, the engine would only be able to reach meaningful speeds in the frictionless environment of space. “The engine itself would be able to get to 99 per cent the speed of light if you had enough time and power,” says Burns.
Propellant-less proposals aren’t new. In the late 1970s, Robert Cook, a US inventor, patented an engine that supposedly converted centrifugal force into linear motion. Then, in the early 2000s, British inventor Roger Shawyer proposed the EM drive, which he claimed could convert trapped microwaves into thrust. Neither concept has been successfully demonstrated and both are widely assumed to be impossible, due to violation of the conservation of momentum, a core physical law.
Martin Tajmar at the Dresden University of Technology in Germany, who has performed tests on the EM Drive, believes the helical engine will probably suffer the same problem. “All inertial propulsion systems – to my knowledge – never worked in a friction-free environment,” he says. This machine makes use of special relativity, unlike the others, which complicates the picture, he says, but “unfortunately there is always action-reaction”.
Burns has worked on his design in private, without any sponsorship from NASA, and he admits his concept is massively inefficient. However, he says there is potential to harvest much of the energy that the accelerator loses in heat and radiation. He also suggests ways that momentum could be conserved, such as in the spin of the accelerated ions.
“I know that it risks being right up there with the EM drive and cold fusion,” he says. “But you have to be prepared to be embarrassed. It is very difficult to invent something that is new under the sun and actually works.”
Tart een nieuwe ruimtemotor de natuurwetten? Kijk wat deze NASA-wetenschapper heeft ontworpen
Tart een nieuwe ruimtemotor de natuurwetten? Kijk wat deze NASA-wetenschapper heeft ontworpen
NASA-wetenschapper David Burns doet nogal gewaagde uitspraken over een motor die hij heeft ontworpen voor een nieuw ruimteschip, zo schrijft New Scientist.
Zijn ‘helical engine’ (spiraalvormige motor) tart mogelijk de natuurwetten, aldus het magazine.
“Als je genoeg tijd hebt en over genoeg vermogen beschikt, haalt de motor 99 procent van de lichtsnelheid,” zei Burns.
Vreemd verschijnsel
De motor, die Burns beschrijft in een recente paper, speelt handig in op een vreemd verschijnsel binnen de natuurkunde.
Door ionen tot bijna de lichtsnelheid te versnellen en vervolgens hun snelheid te manipuleren – en daarmee hun massa – kan de motor stuwkracht opwekken zonder dat er aan de achterkant iets uit schiet.
Er zijn echter een aantal problemen waar Burns nog mee worstelt.
Heel lang
Een 200 meter lange motor zou ongeveer net zoveel stuwkracht opwekken als typen op een toetsenbord.
Het zou dus heel lang duren om die 99 procent van de lichtsnelheid te bereiken. Heel erg lang.
“Ik gooi het er gewoon uit,” zei Burns tegen het magazine. “Als iemand aangeeft dat het niet werkt, zal ik de eerste zijn die zegt dat dit het proberen waard was.”
Let’s get the obvious out of the way right up front – the Violent Blinking Black Holes would make a GREAT name for a metal band.
On the other hand, it doesn’t sound like something you want to find in your galaxy. Guess what, fellow Milky Wayans – a low mass X-ray binary black hole in our home galaxy a mere 10,000 light years away has been discovered sending out intense blinking beams of visible and X-ray light that are described as “violent,” “crackling” and “flaring.” Is this hyperbole or a true description of what black holes are really capable of?
“The HiPERCAM and NICER instruments however let the researchers record ‘movies’ of the changing light from the system at over three hundred frames per second, capturing violent ‘crackling’ and ‘flaring’ of visible and X-ray light.”
NICER (NASA)
HiPERCAM and NICER are unintentionally cutesy names for the tools used by John Paice, an artist and graduate student at the University of Southampton and the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy & Astrophysics in India, to create a realistic movie of MAXI J1820+070, a black hole in the Milky Way with the mass of about seven of our Suns in a small area the size of a large city, eating its companion star with such intensity that the flares rapidly belching out of it are brighter than the star itself, with some that are “the output of a hundred Suns and more being emitted in the blink of an eye!” An obviously excited Paice describes the discovery in a new study published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society and summarized in a press release by the Royal Astronomical Society.
“An animation of the black hole system MAXI J1820+070, based upon observed characteristics during a rapid accretion episode in March 2018. Purple denotes X-ray radiation seen by the NICER instrument on the ISS, and the rest of the colours show visible light seen by HiPERCAM in La Palma. The video is shown at roughly 1/10th of the true speed.”
Fortunately for us, John Paice is a unique combination of artist and astronomer, so the real gift he’s given the world is not the study but an animation of MAXI J1820+070’s “rapid accretion episode” (watch the animation here). NICER is the Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer on the International Space Station which looks at rotation-resolved spectroscopy of the thermal and non-thermal emissions of neutron stars in the soft (0.2–12 keV) X-ray band. HiPERCAM is the high-speed, multicolour camera, capable of taking more than 1,000 images per second, installed on the island of La Palma in the Canary Islands. NICER and HiPERCAM produced images at over three hundred frames per second, which Paice “slowed down to 1/10th of actual speed to allow the most rapid flares to be discerned by the human eye” – flares that lasted only a few milliseconds yet were brighter than “the output of a hundred Suns and more.”
But wait … there’s more!
The fastest visible flashes of light occurred a fraction of a second after the X-ray flares, and the rise and fall of intensities alternated between the two. This is an indicator of the presence of distinct plasma caused by electrons being stripped from atoms – a process which occurs deep inside the black hole and is too small to see. Is this a big deal? Dr. Poshak Gandhi of University of Southampton and a co-author of the study thinks so.
The fact that we now see this in three systems strengthens the idea that it is a unifying characteristic of such growing black holes. If true, this must be telling us something fundamental about how plasma flows around black holes operate. Our best ideas invoke a deep connection between inspiralling and outflowing bits of the plasma. But these are extreme physical conditions that we cannot replicate in Earth laboratories, and we don’t understand how nature manages this. Such data will be crucial for homing in on the correct theory.”
OK, it’s a big deal to astronomers and astrophysicists like Gandhi and Paice. It’s also a big deal to the developers of new telescopes and cameras like HiPERCAM and NICER. It should be a big deal to the rest of us because the more we understand about our universe, the better we can comprehend where we came from and where we’re going.
Unfortunately, it may be down the throat of a violent blinking black hole.
Violent Blinking Black Hole would make a great name for a beer too!
One of the more intriguing, but unfortunately lesser known, of the 1950s-era Contactees was Sonja Lyubicin. She was a woman who had a background and a full life filled with mystery, adventure, fun and intrigue. In 1956, she claimed to have been taken on a trip to Saturn by the Space Brothers. To her eternal delight, Lyubicin found that the people of the huge, ringed planet were highly “sexually active” and particularly liked hosting swinging parties. That’s a far and welcome cry from the grim encounters that people report with today’s small, black-eyed “Grey” aliens! Sonja also had a connection to the ultimate Contactee, George Adamski. The whispered word on the galactic grapevine was that during a wild orgy in Australia, Sonja got nailed by none other than the legendary extratererstrial Orthon himself!
A close encounter or several of the sexual kind? To be sure! If we are to take Sonja’s at her word, that is. Lyubicin also claimed deep contacts within the very heart of the U.S. government, even maintaining that she had spent time attending top secret meetings on UFOs at the White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico. How much of Sonja’s story was true is anyone’s guess. It’s notable, though, that the Australian Security Intelligence Organization (ASIO) decided to open a file on her. In part, that dossier provides these words from the ASIO: “A member of the [Queensland Flying Saucer Research] Bureau who was extremely active during the visit of George Adamski was a Sonja Ljubicin [sic], a naturalized Australian of Yugoslav origin, who previously resided at…Ann Street, Valley. This person was carried away to the extent that she believed she had traveled in space craft to other planets. On the 16th July 1959 she left her employment and traveling on an Australian passport No. K235116 issued on the 29th June 1959 at Brisbane traveled by Qantas Flight EM. 742 from Sydney on the 21st July 1959 to the United States of America to join George Adamski.”
UFO investigator Hakan Blomqvist, said of Lyubicin that she, “…continued living in California and on July 12, 1979 married William Paul Appleton. She then changed her name to Sonya Appleton. They eventually settled in Honolulu, Hawaii where the marriage ended. Sonya died in Honolulu, just before her 63rd birthday, July 2, 1989.” It should be noted that the primary reason why the ASIO had Lyubicin in their sights – and kept abreast of her activities – was because of her background. Namely, that she was born and, until the age of twenty, lived in Yugoslavia, that in 1946 became the communist Federal People’s Republic of Yugoslavia. While Lyubicin and her family fled Yugoslavia in 1947, there were some agents of the ASIO who pondered on the possibility that she might have had Communist leanings. This was, of course, during the Cold War. It was a period when just about anyone who had what was perceived by old suit-and-tie-wearing geezers in government as an “alternative lifestyle,” might have had a file opened on them.
Whether or not this was a case of the ASIO reaching just a bit too far, we’ll likely never know. But, it’s an undeniable fact that Australian intelligence agents ensured that they knew where and when Sonja went – and why. How deeply, exactly, did the surveillance go? Well, put it like this: we can see from the now-available ASIO material on Sonja that the ASIO knew all about her plans to fly to the United States and hang out with Adamski. They had the names of the relevant airlines. They even knew the flight-numbers and had her Australian passport number on file. Whatever the truth behind Sonja Lyubicin’s controversial claims about flying saucers, they were certainly enough to make the ASIO sit up and take notice. And that’s exactly what its agents did – and for a number of years.
It seems that there are some places in this world that just seem to draw UFOs to them. For reasons not yet understood these locations are positively overflowing with such unexplained phenomena, and in many cases they have gone on to become noted hot spots of UFO sightings. One such area lies in the country of Scotland, and it is an area steeped in tales of UFOs, alien encounters, and high strangeness.
What has come to be known as the “Falkirk Triangle” is an amorphously defined area in central Scotland generally accepted as stretching from the the small, quaint town of Bonnybridge, going off east to Fife, and then spanning back west to Stirling, although the borders are rather malleable and are often also seen as enveloping some of the surrounding towns and villages as well. The area itself is mostly rural farmland, rolling hills, moors, and mining villages, not really much to see typically, but the area is know as an absolute hotbed of UFO activity, and ground zero for this seems to be the little village of Bonnybridge itself, which lies not so far from Edinburgh and is often called “The UFO Capital of Scotland.”
Bonnybridge, Scotland
It certainly earns its nickname, as there are allegedly around 300 UFO reports a year from this one little town, with 1 in 3 town residents claiming to have seen something odd in the sky at one point or other, and this phenomenon can be traced back to at least the 1980s, when some high profile sightings put Bonnybridge on the map. One of the earlier big reports came from a fire crew who were fighting a blaze in 1989 when a red glowing orb of light allegedly flew right up to one of the fire trucks before shooting off into the sky, after which a second UFO, this one an intense white light, came down to float over the nearby Loch Ellrig. The objects were witnessed by numerous people who all described the exact same thing.
A perhaps even more well-known account from the town came in 1992, when local businessman James Walker was driving between Falkirk to Bonnybridge on his way home from work and noticed some strange lights in the sky. Walker stopped his car to watch these enigmatic lights move about in the sky, wondering what they could possibly be. He then continued on his way but the lights then allegedly formed a larger, star-shaped object that descended to ominously hover over the lonely road leading off before him, and he stopped his car to look on in puzzlement. As he sat there wondering what to do, the mysterious object then shot off into the night at exhilarating, amazing speed, remaining completely silent the entire time. This report really seemed to open up the floodgates on UFO sightings in the area, and sighting reports began to pour in at an incredible rate. People began to see UFOs prowling the roads outside of town, buzzing cars, hovering in the skies above, and even one reported as landing on a golf course, and suddenly Bonnybridge was getting a reputation as being a UFO magnet.
Another notable case from here supposedly happened in March of 1992, when the Sloggett family was out on a walk in the early morning hours. As they walked along they noticed some strange lights in a ring formation over the moor not too far away, which was enough to spook them into heading back to their home nearby. They would claim that a bright blue light shaped like a football would then pursue them to block their path, and a craft about the size of a house would land right in front of them, after which a door on the craft slid open and from within issued what sounded like a deep roar or growl. The family ran as fast as they could away from this unearthly sight and when they looked back the lights were gone.
Over the next five years, from 1992 to 1997, there would be hundreds of UFO reports in and around Bonnybridge, and there were numerous videos taken of these objects as evidence, with one resident named Craig Malcolm claiming to have taken over 18 hours of video footage of strange lights in the area. Another piece of strange footage was taken by a Mrs. Bonnetti, who filmed a bizarre black triangle flying above her neighbor’s house. The UFO activity became so intense that Cllr. William Buchanan of Falkirk District Council began writing letters to the Prime Minister and the Ministry of Defense expressing his concerns and seeking advice about what to do. It is perhaps no surprise that these pleas fell on deaf ears, and Buchanan would lament, “I have tried to get an answer for the people and have been ridiculed for it.” In the meantime, media attention was fully focused on the little town of Bonnybridge, and UFO talk was all the rage. However, the strangeness was not just confined to this one town, but rather seemed to extend to the surrounding areas as well, and this is where the Falkirk Triangle would begin to come into focus, and it seems that the phenomena even predated the Bonnybridge incidents.
One of the most well-documented and strangest UFO cases in Scottish history came from this area even before all of these encounters began in the area of Livingston, West Lothian. In 1979, a forester named Robert Taylor was at a place called Dechmont Woods, near the M8 motorway, when a “flying dome” appeared over the tree line, so close that Taylor would be able to make out that it was made of a metallic black material. He would then allegedly smell a burning odor, after which two smaller objects dropped from the main craft. At this point the two smaller objects fired a pair of metal rods at him, which attached to his hips, after which Taylor was overcome with the unsettling sensation that he was being pulled towards the strange object.
Shortly after this he awoke on the forest floor and the menacing objects were gone. Disoriented and not knowing whether he had dreamed it all or not, he was soon convinced that something was very wrong when he noticed that his clothes were torn and that he was covered with bruises, as if he had been attacked by someone, but he could not remember anything after that pulling sensation he had felt. He would find that his car would not start, and so he was forced to walk all the way back home, where he would tell of what happened and claim that a UFO had attacked him. Police would go to investigate the scene, and although they did not find any further evidence the torn clothes and Taylor’s general standing as an honest person and reliable witness have made sure that his story has been discussed and debated up to this day, with many holding it up as a genuine case of alien abduction, and the West Lothian area has been a hot spot of UFO activity ever since.
One place within the triangle that would prove to be very odd is the motorway called A70 road, which runs a route between Edinburgh and Ayr, passing right through the Falkirk Triangle. In August of 1992, witnesses Garry Wood and Colin Wright were driving along a stretch of A70 through West Lothian when they had a rather bizarre and terrifying experience near the Harperrig reservoir. It started when they experienced 2 hours of missing time which neither of them could account for, leaving them puzzled as to what had happened. They underwent hypnosis, upon which it was revealed that during that 2 hours they had been taken aboard an alien craft and then brought to some sort of underground base lined with people frozen in glass jars, where they were experimented upon and then released. Weird stuff, indeed.
There is also the nearby mining village of Gorebridge, also mostly considered to lie within the confines of the Falkirk Triangle, and possessing its own tales of strangeness. Here there is an old coal mine called the Blinkbonny Mine, from which some strange reports have come in, such as that of two people hunting for Christmas trees who claimed to have been chased by a “luminous, floating, green eye” coming from the mine. Throughout the 1990s there were numerous reports of UFOs plaguing the residents of Gorebridge, most of it centered around that mine, and it was widely featured in the media at the time. The town was also the origin of several compelling pieces of UFO footage, such as three glowing orbs over a field and another buzzing a 737 jet on its way into Edinburgh Airport, the incident apparently reported by the pilots as well.
Another area of the Falkirk Triangle is the town of Grangemouth, just 3 miles east of Falkirk. In 1991 two photographers at the BP chemicals plant in Grangemouth saw flashing lights circling the Kincardine Bridge, which they at first took to be a helicopter. The object drifted over to the nearby Grangemouth Stadium, where it hovered for several minutes before suddenly dropping with astonishing speed to come rushing right over to hover 300 feet above the witnesses, emitting a pulsing hum before shooting off. This was obviously no helicopter. In 1994, there was also an entire team of cleaners at the Grangemouth oil refinery who would report having seen flashing lights cavorting about in the sky above them.
Other areas of the Falkirk Triangle with numerous weird reports of UFO activity are the town of Larbert near Bonnybridge, the Rosslyn Chapel, and a place called “Newton of Falkland,” near Falkland in Fife, from where there was a truly outlandish 1996 report of a field full of ant-like aliens commanded by taller white entities, the whole scene overshadowed by a massive black triangle covered in twinkling lights, apparently some sort of bizarre mass landing. Interestingly, despite all of this alarming UFO activity in and around the Falkirk Triangle, the government has long been rather nonchalant and uninterested about it all, and indeed in 2009 the Ministry of Defence closed its file on UFO investigations altogether, with one briefing prepared for Defence Minister Bob Ainsworth reading:
[The MoD] should seek to reduce very significantly the UFO task which is consuming increasing resource, but produces no valuable defence output. In more than 50 years no UFO sighting reported to [the MoD] has ever revealed anything to suggest an extra-terrestrial presence or military threat to the UK [and] there is no defence benefit in [MoD] recording, collating, analysing or investigating UFO sightings. Investigations into UFO sightings, even from more reliable sources, serve no useful purpose and merely divert air defence specialists from their primary tasks. Accordingly, no further investigations should be carried out into UFO reports received from any source.
It seems that whatever is going on in the Falkirk Triangle is either being ignored or covered up by the Ministry, and yet enough sightings and encounters come in from the region that it has continually incited discussion as to why this area should have so much such phenomena gravitate towards it. One idea is that the area, for reasons not full understood, serves as some sort of portal through which these beings and their craft can easily travel through from place to place, perhaps even allowing inter-dimensional interlopers to come through the veil into our reality. It could also be that there is some mystical property to the land itself, steeped in history and legend as it is, full of tales of imps, fairies, and other supernatural entities, making this all perhaps more of a paranormal phenomenon dressed up and morphed by our own modern sensibilities and the popularity of UFOs. Andrew Hennessey of Stargate Edinburgh Tours has mused on this, saying:
Is there some ancient connection between history and mythology, between land use of the Falkirk Triangle to the alien-looking events that are unfolding before our very eyes here today, on the ground, under it and in the skies? Is there some sort of timeless pageant or battle being waged between beings of Light and beings of Darkness within this same mysterious Falkirk Triangle?
Of course there are the more mundane explanations. The area is home to several military bases, as well as two busy airports in Edinburgh and Glasgow, so perhaps it is just misidentified aircraft or even experimental craft being tested by the military. The area also has several large oil and chemical plants, the flames of which could perhaps be at the root of some of the reports. Some have even suggested that it is a trick of atmospheric phenomena combined with traffic on the motorways that meander through or even just hallucinations. None of these really fully explain these reports, though. Whatever the case may be, the Falkirk Triangle has remained an intense center of UFO activity in the UK, and continues to stir debate and the imagination.
The Ancient Civilization so Advanced, it Has Confounded All the Experts
The Ancient Civilization so Advanced, it Has Confounded All the Experts
When the history of the last 100,000 years is pieced together it begins to reveal something that hardly anyone expected, the extent of Earth’s lost global civilisation.
Whilst Archaeology remains baffled on so many ancient sites around the globe, determined pioneering researchers have provided colossal evidence to suggest this advanced civilisation was Atlantean in origin.
Did they spread out around the world sharing their technology after a worldwide cataclysm? Would this explain how ancient construction methods at ruins on different continents are so similar?
All these magnificent cities were widely considered as the most mysterious lost places on earth. They were later rediscovered, either by chance or by the sheer determination of archaeologists and historians.
They show that even when you think there is nothing left to discover, there are many ruins lying just beneath the surface awaiting rediscovery.
With so many deserts, forests, islands, and caves (as well as most of the ocean floor) just waiting for us to explore and with extraordinary advances in radar technology, we have to wonder what else we will be found in the near future.
UFO Moves Silently Over City In China, Awesome Raw Fooage! UFO Sighting News.
UFO Moves Silently Over City In China, Awesome Raw Footage! UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Oct 13, 2019
Location of sighting: Guangzhou, China
This UFO was recorded by 开水君, Kaishui Jun who lives in Guangzhou, China. The UFO was recorded Oct 13, 2019 and was seen passing over the rooftops of the buildings on an overcast night. The smog is thick and gives the UFO a great hiding place, however it is white and when close enough to the buildings, it looks lit up, but I don't believe it to be lit up. Its just the shiny metallic surface of the UFO reflecting the lights from the buildings below. Absolutely amazing footage. It looks like aliens are watching over China. But then again, could it be a top secret Chinese disk that has alien propulsion? The Chinese answer to the USAF TR3B? I guess its a possibility that needs to be considered.
Giant Black UFOs Seen Over Baltimore This Week! Video, UFO Sighting News.
Giant Black UFOs Seen Over Baltimore This Week! Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Oct 13, 2019 Location of sighting: Baltimore, Maryland, USA Source: MUFON #103972 Here is a video of the most recent UFO sighting. A person saw several black rectangles moving in and out of the clouds over Baltimore. He managed to get some video of the object moving silently. There are no wings, no ropes, no lights of any kind, no windows...nothing that would signify that this is man made. Its very odd to be over such a populated area, especially a busy shipping port. It almost looks as if one of those cargo boxes on the ships had floated away into the sky. I just wish the person had a newer phone, then maybe the video would have been crystal clear. Scott Waring Eyewitness states:
While Crossing the Key Bridge in the early morning the witness noticed several cylinder objects with what looked like "Spheres" looping around each one. He states "They went up and down, in and out of the clouds, sometimes disappearing only to reappear again." After watching for about 5 min they all went into the clouds. Several seconds later one dropped back out of the clouds, came down a couple hundred feet and stopped. At this point, I started recording on my phone camera. The witness added "The object hovers for about 1-2 minutes and then slowly moves off the right (NE). With the naked eye, I could see the"White Sphere" going beside and around the crane but the video doesn't show it." The witness said that he stopped filming to pick up his mother who was visiting from New Hampshire, but states "On the way back about 1 hour later we noticed 2 of the 3 crafts, however they were much further away. The second time around I did notice something else... I noticed a very large white sphere. I only viewed it for several seconds before it was obstructed by trees.
But don't worry, no laws of physics are being violated.
Green dots show the locations of 186 gamma-ray bursts detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) over its first 10 years. New evidence suggests the odd signal showing up in these gamma ray bursts may be a sign that speeding jets of plasma are traveling faster than light in a medium.
In a distant corner of the universe, something is traveling faster than light.
No, the laws of physics aren't being violated: It's still true that nothing can travel faster than light in the vacuum of empty space. But when light travels through matter, like interstellar gas or a soup of charged particles, it slow downs, meaning other matter might overtake it. And that may explain the weird symmetry in pulses of some of the most energetic light in the universe, called gamma-ray bursts.
These cryptic bursts — bright flashes of gamma-ray light that come from faraway galaxies — form when massive stars collapse or when ultradense neutron stars collide. These cataclysms send speeding jets of hot, charged plasma zooming through space.
But these signals have an odd symmetry, and the reason they do is still a mystery.
A gamma-ray burst doesn't brighten and dim in one steady peak, but instead in a flickering pattern, said Jon Hakkila, an astrophysicist at the College of Charleston in South Carolina.
Hakkila has worked on this puzzle for years. Now, he and a collaborator have a solution: plasma traveling both slower and faster than the speed of light could explain this flickering pattern, as they report in a paper published Sept. 23 inThe Astrophysical Journal. If they're right, it may help us understand what's actually producing these gamma-rays.
"I find it a great step forward," that connects the small scale phenomena in the plasma to our large-scale observations, said Dieter Hartmann, an astrophysicist at Clemson University who was not involved in the study.
In the last few years, Hakkila has found that gamma-ray bursts have small fluctuations in brightness on top of their overall brightening and dimming. If you subtract the overarching brightening and dimming, you're left with a series of smaller peaks — one primary peak with smaller peaks in brightness before and after. And this pattern is strangely symmetric. If you "fold" the pattern over at the main peak and stretch one side, the two sides match remarkably well. In other words, the light pattern of a gamma-ray burst's pulse hints at a set of mirrored events.
"Whatever happened on the front side happened on the back side," Hakkila said. "And the events knew to happen in reverse order."
Though astronomers don't know what causes gamma-ray burst emission at the particle scale, they are fairly sure that it happens when jets of plasma traveling near the speed of light interact with surrounding gases. Hakkila had been trying to come up with explanations for how these situations might make symmetric light pulses when he heard from Robert Nemiroff, an astrophysicist at Michigan Technological University.
Nemiroff was studying what happens when an object travels through a surrounding medium faster than the light it emits, called superluminal motion. In previous research, Nemiroff had found that when such an object goes from traveling slower than light to faster than light, or vice versa, this transition can trigger a phenomenon called relativistic image doubling. Nemiroff wondered whether this could account for the symmetric patterns Hakkila found in gamma-ray burst pulses.
So what exactly is "relativistic image doubling?" Imagine a boat creating ripples as it moves across a lake toward the shore. If the boat travels more slowly than the waves it creates, a person standing on the shore will see the boat's ripples hit the shore in the order that the boat created them. But if the boat travels faster than the waves it creates, the boat will overtake the first wave it creates only to create a new ripple in front of that one and so on. In that way, the new ripples created by the boat will reach the shore sooner than the first waves it created. A person standing on the shore will see the ripples hit the shore in a time-reversed order.
The same idea applies to gamma-ray bursts. If the cause of a gamma-ray burst is traveling faster than the light it emits through the gas and matter surrounding it, we would see the emission pattern in reverse chronological order.
Hakkila and Nemiroff reasoned that this could account for half of a gamma-ray burst's symmetric pulse.
But what if the material was first traveling slower than the speed of light, but then accelerated? What if it started fast and then slowed down? In either case, we might see the emission both in chronological order and reverse chronological order right after one another, making a symmetric pulse pattern like the symmetric peaks observed in gamma-ray bursts.
There are still missing pieces to this puzzle. For one, researchers still don't know what's causing these bursts at the microscopic scale. But this proposed model gives researchers one small clue in the hunt to find the ultimate cause of gamma-ray bursts, Hartmann said.
Are gamma-ray bursts signs of Faster-Than-Light space traffic?
Nemiroff was studying what happens when an object travels through a surrounding medium faster than the light it emits, called superluminal motion. In previous research, Nemiroff had found that when such an object goes from traveling slower than light to faster than light, or vice versa, this transition can trigger a phenomenon called relativistic image doubling. Nemiroff wondered whether this could account for the symmetric patterns Hakkila found in gamma-ray burst pulses.
It is unknown whether these flashes or signals came from alien spacecraft or not but it is known that huge cigar-shaped UFO flying throughspace next to the Orion Constellation.
High Altitude Craft With Thrusters Transits The Moon
High Altitude Craft With Thrusters Transits The Moon
I've posted this a few years ago, it's pretty incredible footage. I just hadn't seen this video version of it before with the filters.
He's saying the 'thrusters', when they are fired up, they slow the vehicle down. It reminded of something out of control almost, like a vehicle in distress. But that's the thing, who's vehicle is this? be one of ours with thruster technology right? But that's a can of worms in itself. But that's the only that suggests it's ours, nothing else, well aside from the helpless sort of path it's taking, could be alien, who knows. drunk alien? banished alien? human with no real idea how to fly? Who is in that? To fire up the thrusters, or at least what appear to be thrusters, logically it had to be done by someone right? It's certainly not a demon lol. It's a rare capture showing heat and what appears to be in a triangle formation.
A UFO filmed by two different men from different locations in Mexico city on May 22nd 2009 appear to show a UFO releasing a large amount of smaller orbs which shoot out at both ends/sides of the UFO.
Remember UFO only means unidentified Flying Objects, im not saying Aliens, but what the Fck is it..?
Most UFOs of the Orb type can usually be explained away as Weather Balloons, Mylar Balloons, Chinese Lanterns, Military Flares and a couple of other things, but how do you explain whats in that video...
Ive been Into UFOs and the weird and unexplained since i were 8-9 yrs old and next birthday ill be 60, this video that appears to show a large Orb that releases many smaller Orbs is One video that still intrigues me.
Of course there are some who claim the larger Orb is the Mother Ship and is releasing her fleet of smaller ones, well i dunno bout that, i have entertained that thought but i try not to get carried away.
My only UFO experience around 8 or so yrs ago was of bright orbs drifting over the land, but commin from the ocean, 3 of us fishing in a boat watched for around an hr as orb after orb come up from the sea and drifted over the land.
At times there were only 2 orbs present but at times there were as many as 10.
Now and then a Orb or two would stop as if to let trailing Orbs Catch up, they didnt appear to be controlled by any breeze but rather moved at will, this sighting is the reason i am totally interested in Orbs rather than "Nuts and Bolt" type of UFO to this day.
Here is another odd video that looks as though Orbs are being released from a larger UFO, then they break up in spectacular fashion, only a few Orbs seem to be released but at around 10 seconds you can see a few being released.
Thought id try steer DTV back to the more mysterious and unexplained categories.....
Cassini spacecraft photographed something strange, now appears in Earth's atmosphere?
Cassini spacecraft photographed something strange, now appears in Earth's atmosphere?
The YouTuber Galactic Hurricane noticed strange anomalies after studying a great portion of the Cassini project photographs.
Strange spheres seemed to literally stretch within the rings of Saturn. Some did follow the spacecraft and seemed to signal to the Cassini craft.
But the strangest thing happened that on September 25, 2019 when Mauricio Lopez filmed exactly the same object above New York what Galactic Hurricane saw on the Cassini's pictures.
Alarming discovery: UFO Hunter Films Massive Alien Fleets Orbiting the Sun
Alarming discovery: UFO Hunter Films Massive Alien Fleets Orbiting the Sun
NASA Satellites have been observing alien fleets orbiting the sun. Yes, alien fleets!
This is also supported by UFO hunters. The Alien fleets are reported to be flying near the Earth, going towards the sun in tactical formation. This gave heads up to some researchers who have claimed that maybe our sun is a massive stargate which is being used by alien civilisations. This discovery was made by Streetcap1 who is a UFO hunter.
Streetcap1 examined and analysed the images which were captured by the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory Satellite, also known as SOHO. This satellite is in orbit around the L1 gravitational point which is between the sun and earth and is used to look out for important information in the Sun.
The European Space Agency and NASA have worked together on this SOHO project. The UFO hunter, Streetcap1 has claimed that the pictures which are captured by the SOHO satellite show a huge alien fleet of UFO's which are heading towards the sun.
The fleet has been appeared to be travelling in a formation, which would be something like an organised military fleet. Streetcap1 believes that after his experience with UFO fleets, he is in no doubt at all that this fleet is a reality. Another UFO hunter, Scot Warring, has also accredited the efforts of Streetcap1.
Even Scot believes that this is something unique, something he has never seen before. Waring also believes that due to the immense size of the fleet, "something big is about to happen." He believes that the Aliens do know that we, humans, are here, and we exist, but they just ignore us as they are possibly more technologically advanced than us.
Some doubters are still examining the picture in further depth so look for malfunctions like dead pixels and processing errors. But, UFO hunters disagree that there might be any errors present.
Even in the past, there have been many anomalies which seemed to be present near the sun. The following video shows how the Sun is a Stargate:
A UFO fleet has been observed orbiting the Sun in a recently-resurfaced NASA Helioviewer photo. The extraordinary claims about the NASA photograph were made by Terry’s Theories YouTube site. The photo in question bears the timestamp of December 18, 2006. The video says the anomalies could be either be some form of extreme astrobiology or alien technology. The space alien enthusiast suggested they could be flying saucers or even ET entities.
Terry went on to say that space could be home to living creatures of its own just like we have wild animals here on Earth.
He also argued that alien anomalies might be fewer than first imagined. Terry said that they appear to have six UFOs surrounding the Sun in the latest image, but there was probably only one or maybe two. He pointed out the phenomena called ghosting where objects are moving so fast that they give the appearance of being more.
NASA Helioviewer has enabled astronomers to look at the Sun through multiple filters since it started operating in May 1996.
The Sun is the black circle at the center of the photo while everything around it is the solar corona.
NASA’s cutting edge photographic technology allows everyone to observe the solar anomalies in great detail.
Terry added that they had ringed surfaces and a hole in the center.
He noted that they are very hot being so close to the Sun, so they must have some feature protecting them from the extreme heat. He suspected they were refueling.
The by-product of the Sun is helium-3, which Terry stressed can be converted into a fuel source.
One of the F/A-18 Navy Pilots on the Controversial Report on UFO Encounters Went on Joe Rogan’s Show
One of the F/A-18 Navy Pilots on the Controversial Report on UFO Encounters Went on Joe Rogan’s Show
The New York Times’ UFO articles published at the end of 2017 were the perfectly appropriate amount and the best of all time for that matter. These articles document the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program, which is the now-defunct UFO-monitoring project of Pentagon, and Navy pilots’ historical sightings of still-unidentified, mysterious aircraft. They did something that’s not ever done with reporting on UFOs as the U.S. government took them somewhat seriously.
The release of three videos taken by Navy F/A-18 Super Hornets made these reports more interesting. These pieces of footage each showing a blob with no visible means of propulsion maneuvering in ways impossible for the known aircraft and with a voice-over from very confused pilots.
Until today, there’s no explanation as to what these videos captured. The Navy only confirmed just last month that the videos are authentic, and the phenomena depicted/contained in them remain unidentified. According to the Navy, a patrol that was sent out to investigate a sighting earlier on the 14th of November 2004 off the coast of San Diego captured one of the three videos.
Commander David Fravor was the first F/A-18 pilot who encountered the UFO. He described seeing something vast and strange to the New York Times in 2017.
Fravor talks about his encounter for a good two hours, courtesy of Joe Rogan, and his podcast. For the most part, Fravor reiterates the story of his encounter, but there are some extra tidbits in there. In this particular interview, Fravor describes the boiling water beneath the object as if something beneath the surface about the size and shape of Boeing 737. He further suggests a theory that whatever it was underwater might have been communicating with whatever the UFO was.
Fravor also somewhat agrees or at least does not noticeably disagree with documentary filmmaker Jeremy Corbell’s categorization of the UFOs caught in the three videos possessing some non-reactionary field propulsion system.
Fravor also reveals that the craft in the Gimbal video was not alone, with radar picking up a V-formation of other, similar UFOs. According to Corbell, this particular bit of information has never been released to the public before.
China's three satellites may share this kind of view, as seen from above the International Space Station orbiting Earth.
(Photo: NASA/Handout via REUTERS)
Self-professed UFO expert and conspiracy theorist Scott Waring has once again posted "proof" of alien life, this time on the Red Planet.
Waring, a controversial blogger who regularly posts theories on the existence of aliens, has updated his website with a new entry claiming a new discovery: an ancient Egyptian sarcophagus in a Mars photo captured by NASA. According to the conspiracy theorist, the casket appears to be found in what he can only describe as a burial ground, which has convinced him of an alien civilization existing somewhere on the planet.
The photo, which was taken in 2007 by NASA's Opportunity rover, is one solid proof that aliens have been trying to communicate with us, Waring believes. He says that aliens have left the sarcophagus intentionally to show humans that there are other life forms in space and that they have been leaving us clues for years.
"When looking at a Mars photo I found a long casket similar to what you will find here on Earth. It's a stone casket, much like the larger outer stone boxes for Egyptian golden sarcophagus," Waring wrote. "It has a top stone that is perfectly cut to match the lower case. The casket itself is about 2 meters across."
Other than the supposed casket, Waring claims to have found carvings of faces, unfinished statues and "alien technology" that he thinks were left behind by Martians. Apparently, these extraterrestrial life forms have created statues as an homage to their heritage.
Waring isn't exactly a character you would actually believe, truth be told. His posts are often discredited, and NASA itself said that the photo features the rock formations on the cliff of Cape St. Vincent in the Red Planet's Victoria Crater. And if you ask this UK publication, Waring is nothing but a "bonkers UFO-hunter."
NASA believes that finding life on Mars is a possibility, but the organization is yet to find proof of its existence. To this day, we still don't have enough evidence of alien life. We don't even know what they look like.
As for Waring, he may have pareidolia, a term used to describe the brain's tendency to form shapes or faces out of random objects, or hear hidden messages in songs and whatnot.
Pareidolia often leads to believing something is the truth, when, in fact, it's just your brain playing tricks. This can only explain Waring's false discoveries. Undeniably though, conspiracy theorists are a wild bunch.
Mr. Warning believes it to be 'a statue of a standing figure that has fallen over on its side', he writes on his website . 'This may be a sarcophagus or some type of monument celebrating an important person or moment in their alien history'
'Another strange thing about this is that in another photo taken a few moments later in the same area, there are what looks like two faces carved on the side of the cliff facing the area of the sarcophagus,' explained Mister Enigma
A strange-looking vehicle at an air show in China is getting buzz for an obvious reason: It appears to resemble a UFO.
We don't know much about the vehicle, including which sector of the Chinese military built it, and if it can fly or not.
Both the U.S. Army and Air Force have previously explored similar projects that have failed.
Is the Chinese government making an investment in flying saucers? It looks that way, based on images circulating from this past weekend's5th China Helicopter Exposition, held in the northern Tianjin region. The mockup in this photo sure resembles the classic model of a UFO:
The expo, run by the regional Tianjin government, the Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC), and the Chinese People's Liberation Army Ground Force, offered a chance for businesses to "demonstrate their innovations and technologies," according to its website. That's common enough for an expo, but the builders of this mockup seem to have gone the extra mile. It's assumed that a subsidiary of the state-owned AVIC built the demonstration, but it's unclear which one.
CHINESE INTERNET
Online translations show that the ship is called a Super Great White Shark.
A rough translation from Twitter provides a description for the vehicle.
[The] Super Great White Shark armed helicopter is a composite wing-body fusion high-speed helicopter configuration designed for the future digital information battlefield. In the initial stage of its design, it refers to the international excellent and mature helicopter design technologies, such as AH-64 Apache, CH-53 Sea Stallion, and Russian Ka-52, Mi-26. While absorbing their respective advantages, it adopts the internationally popular wing-body fusion (BWB) [blended wing body] design and the former. A new type of high-speed helicopter with [a] conceptual design of propeller blades has been successfully applied in helicopter design.
The vehicle certainly looks unconventional, but the Chinese military wouldn't be the first to try out the circular design. The U.S. military has toyed with many circular vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) vehicles, most notably the Avro Canada VZ-9 Avrocar. A joint collaboration between the Army and Air Force, each division wanted the round flyer for different reasons.
The Army saw it as an all-terrain troop transport and reconnaissance craft, while the Air Force envisioned a craft that could hover below enemy radar and then zoom up to supersonic speed. Builders tried to please both parties, and in the process, they failed both.
Tests with scale models at Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, indicated that the cushion of air under the Avrocar would become unstable just a few feet off the ground. The aircraft would be incapable of reaching supersonic speeds, but the testing went ahead to determine if a suitable aircraft could be developed for the Army. The first prototype—the Avrocar on display (serial number 58-7055)—was sent to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ames Research Center at Moffett Field, Calif. There, wind tunnel tests proved that the aircraft had insufficient control for high speed flight and was aerodynamically unstable.
The second Avrocar prototype underwent flight tests that validated the wind tunnel tests. If it flew more than three feet above the ground, the Avrocar displayed uncontrollable pitch and roll motions, which the Avro engineers called "hubcapping." The Avrocar could only reach a maximum speed of 35 mph, and all attempts to end the hubcapping failed. The project was cancelled in December 1961.
It appears that Chinese builders have gone bigger than the Avrocar ever did; the test models were under 5 feet tall, but had an 18-foot wingspan. Until the vehicle is in the air, however, it's impossible to say if these engineers have solved the problems that others faced over 50 years ago.
A Nobel Prize winning 'planet hunter' who discovered the first planet outside of our solar system predicts humans will discover alien life in the next 30 years.
Astronomer Professor Didier Queloz, 52, from Switzerland, says he is 'convinced' that we are not alone in the universe.
The Cambridge University professor won a Nobel Prize on Tuesday for his work as a 'planet hunter', having discovered hundreds of planets orbiting suns outside of our solar system.
Speaking after the win at the Science Media Centre in London he said: 'I can't believe we are the only living entity in the universe,' The Telegraph reported.
'There are just way to many planets, way too many stars, and the chemistry is universal.
NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS DISCOVERED THE FIRST ORBITING PLANET OUTSIDE OUR SOLAR SYSTEM
Professor Michel Mayor and Professor Didier Queloz, both working in Switzerland, were awarded for discovering the first exoplanet orbiting a sun-like star other than our own in 1995.
51 Pegasi b is a gaseous ball similar to Jupiter and was discovered by the professors at the Haute-Provence Observatory in southern France in 1995.
Since the discovery, over 4,000 exoplanets have since been found – 1,900 of which have been confirmed.
Professor Queloz and Professor Mayor's discovery is now regarded as a pivotal moment in astronomy that changed our understanding of our place in the universe. No planet other than those in our own solar system had ever been found before.
'The chemistry that led to life has to happen elsewhere. So I am a strong believer that there must be life elsewhere.
'Life doesn't just mean a green man coming to you, life started way before animals were crawling on the surface of earth.'
He says he is certain that in 100 years time aliens will be known to us but says that it is very 'realistic' that within 30 years scientists could develop a machine to allow us to detect aliens in distant solar systems.
Professor Queloz was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics along with his research partner Dr Michel Mayor, the Swiss duo discovered 51 Pegasi b at the University of Geneva in 1995.
Theirs was the first confirmation of the existence of an exoplanet, which is one which orbits a star other than our Sun.
It is now regarded as a pivotal moment in astronomy because no planet other than those in our own solar system had ever been found before.
Since the discovery, Professor Queloz has successfully developed the Doppler technique to be more precise, leading to the discovery of further 1,900 or so confirmed exoplanets. One 10th of those were discovered by Professor Queloz himself.
The other half of the award was given to James Peebles, from Princeton University, US, 'for theoretical discoveries in physical cosmology'.
Professor Michel Mayor (left) and Professor Didier Queloz worked together to discover the planet 51 Pegasi b in 1995, the first one to be discovered orbiting a star which isn't the Milky Way's sun
Professor Queloz said: 'I do hope that this Nobel Prize will help give a further boost for this fascinating question when we think about life on another planet.'
He added that he was convinced of life on other planets and that scientists would not be searching for it, if they did not think it existed.
The now Nobel Prize laureate missed the call from the committee informing him of his win
Both NASA and the European Space Agency are officially searching for life on other planets.
The now Nobel Prize laureate missed the call from the committee informing him of his win while busy in a meeting with colleagues - leaving it to a press officer from Cambridge to break the news to him.
Professor Queloz said: 'This morning I was just a Cambridge professor working with colleagues, and then all of a sudden my life changed entirely.'
He added: 'I was in a scientific meeting, absolutely focused by the scientific meeting. I know it is the week of Nobel Prize, but I didn't pay attention.
'To tell you the truth, people mentioned the Nobel Prize early on when we made the discovery 20 years ago, and after some time it has been said.
Dr Queloz stated that life on other planets 'doesn't just mean a green man coming to you' and may be found in more basic forms that may help us to understand how life on earth started
'In a way you get used to it, but also there are so many great discoveries elsewhere and so many programmes, so it tends to fade away from my mind, and I wasn't expecting it all this morning.
'I was not really in the mood, because I was in the mood for the scientific meeting.'
WHAT ARE THE KEY DISCOVERIES HUMANITY HAS MADE IN ITS SEARCH FOR ALIEN LIFE?
Discovery of pulsars
British astronomer Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell was the first person to discover a pulsar in 1967 when she spotted a radio pulsar.
Since then other types of pulsars that emit x-rays and gamma rays have also been spotted.
Pulsars are essentially rotating, highly magnatised neutron stars but when they were first discovered it was believed they could come from aliens.
'Wow!' radio signal
In 1977, an astronomer looking for alien life in the nigh sky above Ohio spotted a powerful radio signal so strong that he excitedly wrote 'Wow!' next to his data.
In 1977, an astronomer looking for alien life in the nigh sky above Ohio spotted a powerful radio signal so strong that he excitedly wrote 'Wow!' next to his data
The 72-second blast, spotted by Dr Jerry Ehman through a radio telescope, came from Sagittarius but matched no known celestial object.
Conspiracy theorists have since claimed that the 'Wow! signal', which was 30 times stronger than background radiation, was a message from intelligent extraterrestrials.
Fossilised martian microbes
In 1996 Nasa and the White House made the explosive announcement that the rock contained traces of Martian bugs.
The meteorite, catalogued as Allen Hills (ALH) 84001, crashed onto the frozen wastes of Antarctica 13,000 years ago and was recovered in 1984.
Photographs were released showing elongated segmented objects that appeared strikingly lifelike.
Photographs were released showing elongated segmented objects that appeared strikingly lifelike
(pictured)
However, the excitement did not last long. Other scientists questioned whether the meteorite samples were contaminated.
They also argued that heat generated when the rock was blasted into space may have created mineral structures that could be mistaken for microfossils.
Behaviour of Tabby's Star in 2005
The star, otherwise known as KIC 8462852, is located 1,400 light years away and has baffled astonomers since being discovered in 2015.
It dims at a much faster rate than other stars, which some experts have suggested is a sign of aliens harnessing the energy of a star.
The star, otherwise known as KIC 8462852, is located 1,400 light years away and has baffled astonomers since being discovered in 2015
(artist's impression)
Recent studies have 'eliminated the possibility of an alien megastructure', and instead, suggests that a ring of dust could be causing the strange signals.
Exoplanets in the Goldilocks zone in 2015
In February this year astronomers announced they had spotted a star system with planets that could support life just 39 light years away.
Seven Earth-like planets were discovered orbiting nearby dwarf star 'Trappist-1', and all of them could have water at their surface, one of the key components of life.
Three of the planets have such good conditions, that scientists say life may have already evolved on them.
Researchers claim that they will know whether or not there is life on any of the planets within a decade, and said 'this is just the beginning.'
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SCIENTIST WINS NOBEL PRIZE, THEN ANNOUNCES BELIEF IN ALIENS
SCIENTIST WINS NOBEL PRIZE, THEN ANNOUNCES BELIEF IN ALIENS
VICTOR TANGERMANN
KRISTIN HOUSER
Numbers Game
Astronomer Didier Queloz is “convinced” aliens exist — and that we could find them before 2050.
“I can’t believe we are the only living entity in the universe,” he said during an event on Tuesday — the same day he found out he’d won the Nobel Prize in Physics — according to The Telegraph. “There are just way too many planets, way too many stars, and the chemistry is universal. The chemistry that led to life has to happen elsewhere.”
ET’s ETA
The Telegraph story quotes Queloz as saying he’s certain we’ll detect signs of alien life within 100 years.
However, he also thinks it’s “realistic” to believe humanity will develop a device capable of detecting the bio-chemical signs of life on exoplanets within just 30 years.
Matter Of Time
Queloz isn’t the only notable scientist to talk aliens this week.
Whether Levin can persuade others to join him in that belief or not, it seems Earth’s time as the only known life-harboring body in the universe could be drawing to an end.
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How the second known interstellar visitor makes ‘Oumuamua seem even odder
How the second known interstellar visitor makes ‘Oumuamua seem even odder
New observations show that 2I/Borisov looks like a comet, just what astronomers expected
The second mysterious interstellar object found zipping through the solar system, 2I/Borisov, looks like a run-of-the-mill comet. That stands in stark contrast to the first known interstellar object, ‘Oumuamua (illustrated).
The second space rock seen visiting our solar system from another star is proving just how bizarre the first known interstellar object, ‘Oumuamua, really was.
‘Oumuamua raised eyebrows when it appeared in October 2017 looking more like a rocky asteroid than an icy comet (SN: 10/27/17). Because comets form farther from their host stars than asteroids, it should be easier for comets to escape their star’s gravity to wander the galaxy. So astronomers expect the vast majority of interstellar vagabonds to be icy bodies. But ‘Oumuamua didn’t sport the gaseous halo or tail that forms when sunlight vaporizes a comet’s ice.
Now, new telescope images confirm that a second interstellar object called 2I/Borisov (originally dubbed C/2019 Q4 (Borisov)) looks like a garden-variety comet, researchers report online October 14 in Nature Astronomy. The cometlike appearance of this object, first glimpsed August 30, suggests that ‘Oumuamua’s weirdness was a one-off, and that astronomers’ models of planetary systems are on the right track (SN: 9/12/19).
Astronomers observed 2I/Borisov on two nights in September with the William Herschel Telescope in the Spanish Canary Islands and the Gemini North Telescope in Hawaii. Those images reveal that, like comets native to our solar system, 2I/Borisov’s core is shrouded in a gaseous halo trailed by a faint, broad stream of gas and dust.
The first known interstellar object, ‘Oumuamua, appeared to be a naked space rock (left, center). But 2I/Borisov (right, center) bears the usual characteristics of a comet: It’s cloaked in a halo of vaporizing gas and trailing a gaseous tail in its wake.GEMINI OBSERVATORY/NSF/AURA; ALAN FITZSIMMONS/ARC/QUEEN’S UNIVERSITY BELFAST, ISAAC NEWTON GROUP, NASA
“It’s kind of relieving that finally we have something that meets our expectations,” says study coauthor Michał Drahus, an astronomer at Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland. “Now we really can be absolutely sure that ‘Oumuamua was one weird object.”
Whereas ‘Oumuamua vanished within weeks of its discovery, astronomers have several months to take a closer look at 2I/Borisov. Higher-resolution telescope images may tease out the exact size and shape of its core, and inspecting the specific wavelengths of light emanating from the comet could help astronomers flesh out its chemical composition.
Preliminary wavelength observations have already hinted that 2I/Borisov contains cyanogen gas (made of carbon and nitrogen atoms), which is relatively common in comets native to the solar system. Astronomer Alan Fitzsimmons of Queen’s University Belfast in Northern Ireland and colleagues report these findings October 2 at arXiv.org.
An odd couple
The second known interstellar object, a comet currently cruising through our solar system called 2I/Borisov, looks fairly different from the first discovered interstellar visitor — an asteroid-like object called ‘Oumuamua that skirted by Earth in 2017. Here are some of the key distinctions between this pair of galaxy-trotting space rocks.
Differences between the first and second discovered interstellar objects
‘Oumuamua
2I/Borisov
Constellation of origin
Lyra
Cassiopeia
Halo and tail
No
Yes
Width
400 meters
~2 kilometers
Shape
Oblong
Unknown
Closest distance to Earth
0.16 au (astronomical units)
1.9 au
Closest approach to Earth
October 14, 2017
December 28, 2019
Time observable
Weeks
Months
Sources:
P. Guzik et al/Nature Astronomy 2019, ‘Oumuamua ISSI team/arXiv.org 2019, A.M. Hein et al/Acta Astronautica 2019
We have accomplished a lot in our (relatively) short time on Earth. We’ve sent humans to the Moon and to live in space, developed massive and sophisticated telescopes to see the farthest reaches of the cosmos, and even rocketed rovers to Mars and probes to the edge of our solar system. However, a number of organizations have taken humanity’s voyage into the final frontier a step farther. NASA, the European Space Agency, and the research collective behind the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) have been working tirelessly to find out if we are alone, once and for all.
Already, a number of projects exist that scan the stars for signs of intelligent life. And despite the fact that many of them have been looking to the skies for decades, we have yet to make contact. And that’s a bit of a problem.
The Paradox That Started It All
To put it mildly, our solar system is very old. In fact, scientists are still figuring out just how old — clues gathered from meteorites suggest it is almost 5 billion years old, and surrounding star systems are likely billions of years older. While interstellar travel still seems to be a distant dream, new technology is born every year that allows us to scan the skies for signals from civilizations in the most distant corners of the cosmos. The number of known alien worlds and star systems discovered through these technologies continues to rise, but our creative methods of listening to space have not yet revealed anything that resembles extraterrestrial communications or civilizations.
Given the size and age of our universe, it seems like we should have made contact. We, of course, have not.
In the early 20th century, physicist Enrico Fermi asked himself a now-famous question: Given the scope of our universe, why haven’t we found intelligent extraterrestrial life yet (or why haven’t they found us)? This is sometimes called the Fermi Paradox or the Great Silence. Scientists have floated many possible answers in the century since Fermi first asked this question. Here are some of the most plausiblereasons why he haven’t made first contact.
Basic probability asserts that alien life must exist. Since we haven’t made contact yet, one theory goes, there must be something barring life from interstellar travel or, at least, barring it from communicating with other alien species. This barrier is known as the “Great Filter,” and it is a force or event that stops a civilization from getting to the aforementioned point of interstellar travel or communication.
If the theory holds true, there are two primary reasons that we haven’t made contact: Because societies kill themselves off before they reach a state advanced enough to explore the stars or interstellar travel is simply not possible on a technological scale. Neither option is particularly pleasing.
And according to the experts behind the work, the filter event is of equal or greater probability than the existence of alien life itself. This is the point argued by Robin Hanson, a research associate at the Future of Humanity Institute at Oxford University, in his discussion of the topic.
No alien civilizations have substantially colonized our solar system or systems nearby. Thus among the billion trillion stars in our past universe, none has reached the level of technology and growth that we may soon reach. This one data point implies that a Great Filter stands between ordinary dead matter and advanced exploding lasting life.
Since we have not been able to detect alien life (or leave the solar system much, for that matter), how far are we from being caught up in some event that would bar us from ever finding aliens? “The easier it was for life to evolve to our stage, the bleaker our future chances probably are,” Hanson writes. In other words, the more life there is in the cosmos, the greater the likeliness that we are about to reach a cataclysmic, life-ending event or reach the cosmic limits of technological advancement.
2. Do Not Disturb The Aliens
Another hypothesis asserts that alien civilizations certainly exist, but they’re simply inactive. That’s the “aestivation hypothesis” (aestivation refers to an organism’s state of prolonged inactivity, similar to a bear hibernating or a frog that buries itself in sand during hot weather), which was put forth by researchers from Oxford’s Future of Humanity Institute and the Astronomical Observatory of Belgrade.
The theory, published in a paper in the Journal of the British Interplanetary Society in 2017, states that aliens may be “hibernating” until the environmental conditions are just right to become active and build their super society. The researchers argue that the laws of thermodynamics directly limit computation, as computing technologies need to be cooled in order to function. This makes it exceedingly difficult to create advanced technologies, as keeping them cool at scale quickly becomes prohibitively difficult. So the aliens are falling into a dormant until, to be blunt, the universe cools.
But distilling the development of a civilization to the kinds of conditions that our current, and somewhat imperfect, models can predict could be reductive. What if intelligent extraterrestrial life has found a way around the thermodynamic conditions that limit its ability to compute? “What if there are other forms of value that can be generated?” the study authors write. If they’re wrong about the relationship between thermodynamics and technology, the aestivation hypothesis would be moot. In this case, perhaps one of the other ideas here holds true.
According to the “Gaian Bottleneck” hypothesis, life needs particular environmental conditions to develop, and they’re not so common. Astrobiologists at the Australian National University penned their explanation to the Fermi Paradox in 2016.
Extinction is “the cosmic default for most life that has ever emerged on the surfaces of wet rocky planets in the Universe,” the researchers wrote. That’s because a planet has to be actually inhabited for it to be habitable, because organisms change the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. A Catch-22 emerges: no life without habitability, no habitability without life.
For alien life to persist, the researchers write, it must hang on: “like trying to ride a wild bull. Most life falls off.” Life can only take place with the presence of an unlikely feedback loop. In this case, Earth is the exception to the rule.
4. Trapped In Deep Oceans
In 2015, after nearly a decade in transit, NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft became the first to do a close flyby of Pluto. It offered humanity its first look at its icy surface and raised questions about the possibility of subsurface oceans of water, and lots of methane and nitrogen. These questions put Pluto on a short but growing list of worlds with buried oceans trapped under a thick crust of ice and rock (some of the other worlds are Saturn’s moons Enceladus and Titan, as well as Jupiter’s moons Europa, Callisto, and Ganymede).
Those oceans figure prominently into another theory of where life might be lurking, one that Alan Stern, the principal investigator for New Horizons, touches on. Since buried oceans form a much more stable ecosystem than flowing surface streams, changes such as altering tides and dissipationtake place over a longer time period. A hard outer shell protects hypothetical life in the oceans from a harsh climate and a lethal mix of gases on the surface. “Impacts and solar flares, and nearby supernovae, and what orbit you’re in, and whether you have a magnetosphere, and whether there’s a poisonous atmosphere — none of those things matter,” Stern told Space.com.
Any intelligent alien life that forms in these deep oceans would have to overcome a big hurdle to reach inhabitants of other worlds: drilling through that thick, protective crust. All that work would only get them to the surface — sending signals to other planets become even more unlikely.
For the past eighty years or so, we’ve been listening for signs of extraterrestrial life with radio technology. The Allen Telescope Array, situated 470 km (290 miles) northeast of San Francisco, is one of the biggest — since 2007, 42 dishes have stood at the ready to scan the skies regularly in the hope of receiving radio signals from extraterrestrial life.
But what if extraterrestrial life doesn’t operate on those frequencies? Attempts at contact could simply be passing us by simply because we don’t comprehend the right wavelengths.
Instead of using telescope arrays and scanning the skies for radio signals, Duncan Forgan at the University of St. Andrews in Scotland suggests creating a galactic communications network. The same way we blink our high beams to send a signal to other drivers, we could use the shadow that Earth creates when it passes in front of the Sun to send a message to our fellow inhabitants of the universe. Forgan suggests that we build powerful lasers that contain those encoded messages, which are sent out as we pass in front of the Sun.
“If you want to communicate with someone on the other side of the galactic centre, there’s lots of stuff in the way – dust, stars, a big black hole – so you can take the long way around using the network,” Forgan tells New Scientist. Rather than letting intergalactic messages get lost in the vastness of space, civilizations in different galaxies could agree to use this “galactic communications network” to ensure their messages get to their intended recipients – a unified system to cut through the chatter.
6. We Are Being Impatient
We’ve only been actively reaching out for alien life for about a century — a mere blip in the long history of the solar system and of the universe overall. Evan Solomonides, an astrophysics and mathematics undergrad and researcherat Cornell University, suggests that it could take a while — about 1,500 years from now, to be precise — before we hear from any extraterrestrials.
In a paper submitted to the American Astronomical Society, Solomonides examines the probability of finding life. “We predict that under 1 percent of the galaxy has been reached at all thus far, and we do not anticipate to be reached until approximately half of the stars/planets have been reached.” Solomonides believes that we will have explore around half of the Milky Way galaxy before we hear anything, which will take a while since we’ve barely explored our own galactic neighborhood.
Solomonides is careful to note that the 1,500 years is not a deadline. “This is not to say that we must be reached by then or else we are, in fact, alone. We simply claim that it is somewhat unlikely that we will not hear anything before that time.”
Editor’s Note: This article was updated to correct the names of Saturn and Jupiter’s moons.
Here's the reality: We're messing up the Earth and any far-out ideas of colonizing another orb when we're done with our own are wishful thinking. That's according to Michel Mayor, an astrophysicist who was a co-recipient of the Nobel Prize in physics this year for discovering the first planet orbiting a sun-like star outside of our solar system.
"If we are talking about exoplanets, things should be clear: We will not migrate there," he told Agence France-Presse (AFP). He said he felt the need to "kill all the statements that say, 'OK, we will go to a livable planet if one day life is not possible on Earth.'"
All of the known exoplanets, or planets outside of our solar system, are too far away to feasibly travel to, he said. "Even in the very optimistic case of a livable planet that is not too far, say a few dozen light years, which is not a lot, it's in the neighbourhood, the time to go there is considerable," he added.
Mayor shared half of the Nobel Prize this year along with Didier Queloz for discovering the first exoplanet in October 1995. Using novel instruments at the Haute-Provence Observatory in southern France, they detected a gas giant similar to Jupiter, which they named 51 Pegasi b. (The other half of the prize was awarded to James Peebles of Princeton University for his work in dark matter and dark energy).
Since then, over 4,000 other exoplanets have been found in the Milky Way, but apparently, none of them can be feasibly reached.
Stephen Kane, a professor of planetary astrophysics at the University of California in Riverside, agrees with Mayor. "The sad reality is that, at this point in human history, all stars are effectively at a distance of infinity," Kane told Live Science. "We struggle very hard as a species to reach the Earth's moon."
We might be able to send people to Mars in the next 50 years, but "I would be very surprised if humanity made it to the orbit of Jupiter within the next few centuries," he said. Since the distance to the nearest star outside of our solar system is about 70,000 times greater than the distance to Jupiter, "all stars are effectively out of reach."
Well, you might say, plenty of things seemed out of reach until we reached them, such as sending aircraft on intercontinental flights. But "in this case, the required physics to reach the stars, if it exists, is not known to us and it would require a fundamental change in our understanding of the relationship between mass, acceleration and energy."
"So that's where we stand, firmly on the Earth, and unlikely to change for a very, very long time," he said.
Mayor told the AFP: "We must take care of our planet, it is very beautiful and still absolutely livable."
Andrew Fraknoi, emeritus chair of the astronomy department at Foothill College in California agreed that we won't be able to travel to these stars in the near future. But "I would never say we can never reach the stars and possible habitable planets," he said. "Who knows how our technology will evolve after another million years of evolution."
Was Venus once covered in a liquid water ocean? A new study suggests it was not, which could diminish hope that eons ago, warm and wet conditions allowed life to arise on the planet.
Today, Venus' climate is far from temperate. The planet is completely shielded by clouds and has a hell-like surface; a runaway greenhouse gas effect makes for lead-melting temperatures of more than 700 degrees Fahrenheit (370 degrees Celsius).
But some scientists argue that the requirements for life could have existed on Venus earlier in the solar system's history. Venus is roughly the same size and mass as Earth and even had plate tectonics. The sun was also dimmer during that epoch, so Venus, despite being closer to the sun than Earth is, was in the habitable zone, or the region where a rocky planet could have liquid water on its surface.
Some scientists suggest that habitability vanished when the sun's radiation grew stronger, causing the Venusian oceans to evaporate and water molecules to be thrown into the atmosphere. Water vapor is a greenhouse gas that would have made it harder for heat to escape from the planet. The wet atmosphere began a cycle of rising temperatures, evaporating oceans and increasing water vapor that made temperatures rise even further.
But the new study suggests that such water oceans were never there in the first place. While previous work hinted at a warm and wet environment based on the chemistry of the atmosphere and the higher regions of Venus, the new research suggests the highlands were made of lava rather than water.
This finding comes down to the composition of the highland rock. Previously, scientists thought the highlands were made up of granitic rock, just like continents on Earth. Granite needs a lot of water to form. But a survey of Venus' Ovda Regio highlands plateau — remapped with radar data gathered by NASA's Magellan mission, which studied Venus between 1989 and 1994 — shows the flow type is more typical of basalt rock.
"We know so little about Venus' surface," team member Allan Treiman, a Universities Space Research Association scientist at the Lunar and Planetary Institute, said in a statement. "If the Ovda Regio highlands are made of basaltic rock as is most of Venus, they were likely squeezed up to their current heights by internal forces, possibly like mountains which result from plate tectonics on Earth."
A study based on the research was published Aug. 9 in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets.
If a disastrousspace junk chain reaction ends up surrounding Earth with a belt of destructive shrapnel, state-of-the-art infrared cameras and gel-based rockets just might help future satellites dodge such debris, a new study finds.
Space debris might not sound dangerous until one realizes that in low Earth orbit — up to about 1,200 miles (2,000 kilometers) in altitude — such debris collides with an average speed of about 22,370 mph (36,000 km/h), according to NASA. At such speeds, even tiny pieces of space debris can inflict devastating damage.
Collisions with space debris have already led to millions of dollars in losses. For example, on Feb. 10, 2009, an active U.S. communications satellite called Iridium 33 was obliterated when it was struck by a defunct Russian satellite Cosmos 2251 built in the 1960s.
In addition, such disasters can generate more debris that could go on to destroy more objects in orbit, a cascade of destruction that might ultimately create a debris belt around Earth. This worst-case chain-reaction scenario is known as the "Kessler effect" or "Kessler syndrome," a scenario that NASA scientist Donald Kessler predicted in 1978.
Currently about 500,000 marble-size pieces of debris and more than 100 million objects a millimeter or less in size are estimated to orbit Earth, according to NASA. Furthermore, since it has become cheaper than ever to build and launch satellites, companies such as SpaceX, Amazon, OneWeb and Telesat are planning to launch "megaconstellations" into low Earth orbit in the next few years, and each will be composed of hundreds of miniature satellites.
A study in 2017 suggested the collisions one might expect to occur with such megaconstellations might significantly exacerbate the risk of the Kessler effect. In fact, the European Space Agency had to move its Aeolus Earth-observation satellite on Sept. 2 to avoid a potential collision with a SpaceX Starlink satellite, one of 60 such satellites launched at the same time in May of this year.
To prepare for the possibility of the Kessler effect, scientists analyzed how satellites might continue to survive and operate when space debris dominates low Earth orbit.
"Given how a whole bunch of companies are now proposing megaconstellations that would cram up to thousands of satellites into low Earth orbit, it's not a matter of if but when these things start to collide and cause this ripple effect of accidents," Jekan Thangavelautham, an aerospace engineer at the University of Arizona, told Space.com. Thangavelautham is senior author of the new study on space debris, which he and colleagues presented on Sept. 18 at the Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance Technologies Conference in Hawaii.
When it comes to miniature bits of space debris, prior work suggested that satellites could get protected using defenses known as Whipple shields.
These consist of a relatively thin cover over the main wall of a spacecraft, which breaks up and disperses incoming debris. This spreads the energy of the impact over a larger area, making it easier to withstand. However, Whipple shields can only protect against debris 0.4 inches (1 centimeter) wide or smaller, the researchers said.
For big chunks of space debris, ground-based radar and telescopes can remotely track their movements, helping scientists predict their trajectories. Satellites can then get instructed on how to best maneuver to prevent impacts. However, such "remote avoidance" strategies are limited, because NASA and the Department of Defense cannot track objects smaller than 2 inches (5 cm) in size, the new study noted.
The scientists focused on how satellites might deal with debris too small to be tracked from the ground yet big enough to penetrate Whipple shields. They suggested that an onboard thermal infrared camera might help a satellite quickly detect minuscule levels of heat from this mid-size debris on the scale of tens of miles away, all without any input from the ground.
However, even if a satellite could detect incoming space junk from tens of miles away, given the speed at which orbital debris travels, satellites would only have seconds to dodge a collision. The researchers suggested using rockets that use solid propellants, as these are high-thrust, lightweight and reliable, and can activate in a fraction of a second — all for a fast, rough push out of harm's way.
Space junk-dodging cubesat
An illustration of a concept cubesat equipped with gel-based thrusters and infrared cameras to track space junk.
(Image credit: Troy M. Jameson and Himangshu Kalita)
To test their ideas, the scientists proposed developing a cubesat — a satellite based on cubes just about 4 inches (10 cm) wide. They suggested creating a breadloaf-size cubesat the size of three such cubes with 16 solid-propellant thrusters and a thermal infrared camera with a ceramic Whipple shield transparent to infrared rays.
"We want to keep the design fundamentally simple, for a system that doesn't cost an arm and a leg," Thangavelautham said.
The most common type of solid-propellant rockets can each be used only once. Part of the reason the researchers' proposed avoidance system has multiple thrusters is so that it can help a satellite evade multiple potential collisions if necessary.
Alternatively, there are rockets that use solid gels as propellant instead that can each fire many times — "these could increase the number of times a satellite could dodge debris," Thangavelautham said.
RUSSIA’S WORKING ON A LUNAR ROVER WITH A HUMANOID TORSO
RUSSIA’S WORKING ON A LUNAR ROVER WITH A HUMANOID TORSO
IMAGE FROM MILITARY TECHNOLOGY VIA YOUTUBE
KRISTIN HOUSER
Fedor’s Future
In August, Russia sent its gun-toting humanoid robot Fedor to theInternational Space Station, where it spent a couple weeks learning how to be a cosmonaut.
Now that Fedor is back on Earth, the nation’s space agency has revealed that the bot’s next destination is the Moon — but first, they’re going to chop off its legs and attach it to a lunar rover, according to a new story by state-run news service RIA Novosti.
Wheels Up
A source in Roscosmos reportedly told RIA Novosti that the agency plans to send a lunar rover with a wheeled body — pretty standard amongst rovers — and the torso, head, and arms of a Fedor robot to the Moon in three to four years.
Fedor has already proven it can use tools, drive a car, and even shoot a gun, so by adding the humanoid’s top half to a rover, Russia will be creating a bot with incredible dexterity.
Enlarge/ Will Russia really send a centaur-like robot to the Moon?
Walk This Way
The United Kingdom is also rethinking lunar rover design, but its strategy is the opposite of Russia’s — it plans to send a cube-shaped rover with spider-like legs instead of wheels to the Moon in 2021, the idea being that the bot’s legs might allow it to explore terrain a wheeled bot couldn’t reach.
It seems both agencies are working to create rovers that are a little more inspired by human biology — making them the perfect fill-in until we can put real people back on the Moon.
CHINESE LUCHTMACHT KRIJGT BESCHIKKING OVER VLIEGENDE SCHOTEL ( VIDEO )
CHINESE LUCHTMACHT KRIJGT BESCHIKKING OVER VLIEGENDE SCHOTEL ( VIDEO )
Het Chinese leger heeft haar nieuwste vliegende concept gepresenteerd en het doet denken aan de gecrashte buitenaardse ufo bij Roswell.
Ze noemen het een stealth helikopter, maar ook hier lijkt het erop dat ze gebruikt hebben gemaakt van buitenaardse technologie.
Niemand weet eigenlijk wat ze moeten denken van de beelden die zijn opgedoken in China van het nieuwste vliegende wapen van de Chinese luchtmacht.
Het is op dit moment een nog niet vliegend prototype, een zogenaamd mock-up (model) en het ziet er als volgt uit:
Het model staat bij een grote Chinese helikoptertentoonstelling en volgens de beschikbare informatie gaat dit model heten: The Super Great White Shark. Op dit moment ziet het er nog niet uit als een witte superhaai, maar het is wel het conceptmodel dat de Chinese luchtmacht verder gaat ontwikkelen. Het wordt een hoge snelheid helikopter, ontworpen voor het toekomstige digitale slagveld, aldus de omschrijving.
Volgens ufoloog Scott Waring kan je gerust aannemen dat wanneer ze hier model 1 van de vliegende schotel tonen, ze allang een model 10 hebben waarmee ze al kunnen vliegen. Hij denkt dat ze de rotors van een normale helikopter hebben vervangen door een aandrijving die je aantreft in buitenaardse schepen en die hij noemt "anti propulsion generators".
Als de Chinezen ook beschikken over buitenaardse technologie, dan is de vraag natuurlijk hoe ze daaraan komen. Voor zover ons bekend is er geen Chinese Roswell, of is die er wel geweest en hebben ze die goed weten te verbergen of zijn wij er simpelweg niet mee bekend. Een andere mogelijkheid is dat ze net als Rusland een verdrag hebben gesloten met een buitenaards ras en zo de beschikking hebben gekregen over de technologie. Dat zou dan vergelijkbaar zijn met de verhalen die over Rusland de ronde doen.
Via Evert Jan Poorterman ontvingen wij een Nederlands ondertitelde video van Paul Hellyer, een man die bij uitstek degene is die weet wat er achter de schermen allemaal gebeurt. Niet alleen de kleine satanische kliek die samenspant tegen de rest van de mensheid, maar vooral ook over buitenaardse zaken.
Paul Hellyer is in verschillende opzichten een bijzonder mens. Niet alleen is hij tot op zeer hoge leeftijd nog actief, maar hij heeft ook een indrukwekkende carrière achter de rug waarbij hij toegang heeft gehad tot veel geheime informatie.
Gedurende de jaren zestig was hij Minister van Defensie in Canada en later in de regering van Pierre Trudeau was hij Minister van Transport en Vice Premier.
In de tijd dat hij een hoge regeringspositie bekleedde en ook daarna vanwege zijn vele contacten, heeft Hellyer toegang gehad tot informatie die voor het doorsnee publiek verborgen blijft.
Na zijn pensionering is Hellyer zich meer gaan verdiepen in buitenaardse aangelegenheden en ijvert hij al jaren voor Full Disclosure.
Hij vertelt onder andere hoe hij aan de informatie is gekomen dat UFO’s en buitenaardse zaken voor de Amerikaanse overheid destijds prioriteit hadden, nóg belangrijker dan de atoombom.
Hoe de Amerikanen na de crash bij Roswell van een buitenaards ruimteschip er inderdaad in zijn geslaagd om via “reverse engineering" dit schip na te bouwen en daarom wel degelijk beschikken over geheime ruimtevoertuigen en -wapens.
Hoe er door president Truman een schaduwregering werd gevormd,Majestic 12, en hoe eigenlijk sinds die tijd het militair-industriëel complex een geheel eigen leven is gaan leiden volledig uit het zicht van de reguliere overheid en de president.
Hoe deze schaduwregering die eigenlijk maar bestaat uit een relatief kleine elite niets anders dan kwaad voor ogen heeft en dat ze via eeuwigdurende oorlogen de New World Order willen realiseren.
Hierna volgt de video en heel bijzonder is dat de je de man rond minuut 22 kunt horen zeggen dat hij toen hij al midden tachtig was, tot de ontdekking kwam dat Allah zijn God is. Hetgeen maar weer eens aantoont dat je nooit te oud bent om je ware roeping te ontdekken, ook al zal zijn keuze nu niet de meest voor de hand liggende zijn voor velen.
En navolgende video van dezelfde Paul Hellyer waar hij kort en bondig vertelt hoe hij onze verhouding ziet tot de aliens.
A scientist who is dying from a muscle wasting disease is taking drastic steps in his bid to become the world's first true cyborg.
Dr Peter Scott-Morgan, 61, from Torquay, Devon, was diagnosed with motor neurone disease two years ago and told it would only take until this year to kill him.
But instead of accepting his fate he decided to challenge what it meant to be human and now hopes to create Peter 2.0.
He is gradually replacing his bodily functions with machinery – an electric wheelchair now enables to him to be upright, sitting or laid down; he has banked his voice on a computer and had his voicebox removed; and is fed through a tube and has a catheter and colostomy bag attached so he doesn't eat or excrete.
Scroll down for video
Dr Peter Scott-Morgan, 61, with his husband Francis. Dr Scott-Morgan shared the photo on social media with the caption: 'This is my last post as Peter 1.0. Tomorrow I trade my voice for potentially decades of life'
Dr Scott-Morgan shared the picture with the caption: 'CORE OF CHARLIE (my Cyborg Harness And Robotic Locked-In Exoskeleton), the brilliantly engineered Permobil F5 Corpus VS. As a top-end wheelchair, it stands, lies flat, rises, goes fast. Soon, with lots of added robotic hi-tech, it’ll boldly go where no wheelchair has gone before!'
The most recent phase of Dr Scott-Morgan's transformation has been to make a computer avatar of his face.
The avatar – a computer rendering of his face – is designed to be controlled with artificial intelligence and look like him before he became ill.
He has also rigged up various machines so he can control them with the movement of his eyes, among them a hoist and a motorised bed.
And this week he announced the final procedure in his transition into a robot where he traded his voice for potentially decades of life.
He underwent a laryngectomy, meaning he lost his physical voice, but in doing so, he has removed the danger of saliva entering his lungs and suffocating him.
Dr Scott-Morgan labelled this final procedure as the end of Peter 1.0 with a post this week on Twitter, and wrote: 'This is my last post as Peter 1.0.
'Tomorrow (Thursday October 10) I trade my voice for potentially decades of life as we complete the final medical procedure for my transition to Full Cyborg, the month I was told statistically I would be dead.
'I'm not dying, I'm transforming. Oh, how I love science.'
Dr Scott-Morgan has throughout his career been granted 'unparalleled confidential access' to government organisations, banks and major corporations.
The avatar will help Dr Scott-Morgan express himself with facial expressions when he loses motion in his face
He has been using this scientific expertise to work with cutting-edge technology experts to become Peter 2.0.
Speaking of his transition, he said: 'I'm about to be turned into Peter 2.0. And when I say 'Peter 2.0', I mean 'a Cyborg'.
'And when I say 'Cyborg', I don't just mean any old cyborg, you understand, but by far the most advanced human cybernetic organism ever created in 13.8 billion years.
'I'm scheduled to become the world's very first full Cyborg.
This week he announced the final procedure in his transition into a robot where he traded his voice for potentially decades of life
'Almost everything about me is going to be irreversibly changed - body and brain.
'It goes without saying that all my physical interaction with the world will become robotic. And naturally, my existing five senses are going to be enhanced. But far more importantly, part of my brain, and all of my external persona, will soon be electronic - totally synthetic.
'From then on, I'll be part hardware / part wetware, part digital / part analogue.
'And it won't stop there; I've got more upgrades in progress than Microsoft.. Mine isn't just a version change. It's a metamorphosis.'
The scientist has also been exploring eye-tracking technology, to enable him to control multiple computers using just his eyes.
Among other things, this would mean he could control his own electronic bed and a hoist to help him move.
This eye-tracking technology, means that he could no longer wear contact lenses, and so he has undergone laser eye surgery to enable him to have perfect vision at 70cm- the distance from his computer screen.
The scientist also has a remarkable top-end wheelchair, which he said on Twitter is 'brilliantly engineered' and allows him to stand, lie flat and go fast.
He has undergone further pioneering surgery in what he believes to be the first ever operation of its kind, to insert a feeding tube directly into his stomach, a catheter directly into his bladder and a colostomy bag directly onto his colon.
These procedures will help him to deal with any potential feeding and toileting problems, helping him to maintain his independence.
However, he stressed online that this is an incredibly risky procedure for somebody with MND.
Despite the risks of operations and being terminally ill, Dr Scott-Morgan says he is not interested in how to survive his condition, he intends to 'thrive.'
He remains positive and often, humorous, seeing his situation as a chance to truly embrace scientific capabilities.
In fact, The Scott-Morgan Foundation which he set up with his husband, Francis, seeks to use artificial intelligence, robotics and other high-technology systems to transform the lives of those 'restricted by age, ill-health, disability, or other physical or mental disadvantage.'
On his website Dr Scott-Morgan said this vision is far from just a dream: 'We are within touching distance of changing - everything. I'm not dying - I'm transforming!
'This is terminal disease like you've never seen it before. And as far as I'm concerned, bring it on.
'MND hasn't even begun to bring me to my knees. And even long after I'm locked In, I will still be standing tall.
'Thanks to HiTech - I will talk again. I will convey Emotion and Personality. And I'll reach out and touch the people I love. And I will not be the only one.
'Over time, more and more with MND, with extreme disability, with old age, with a passion simply to break free from their physical straight-jacket, will choose to stand beside me.
And we will all stand tall. And we will stand proud. And we will stand unbowed. And we will keep standing, year after year after year after year after year*
'Because we refuse simply to 'Stay Alive'. We choose to thrive.'
WHAT IS MOTOR NEURONE DISEASE (ALS)?
History
The NHS describes motor neurone disease (MND) as: 'An uncommon condition that affects the brain and nerves. It causes weakness that gets worse over time.'
The weakness is caused by the deterioration of motor neurons, upper motor neurons that travel from the brain down the spinal cord, and lower motor neurons that spread out to the face, throat and limbs.
It was first discovered in 1865 by a French neurologist, Jean-Martin Charcot, hence why MND is sometimes known as Charcot's disease.
In the UK, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is referred to as Motor Neurone Disease, while in the US, ALS is referred to as a specific subset of MND, which is defined as a group of neurological disorders.
However, according to Oxford University Hospitals: 'Nearly 90 per cent of patients with MND have the mixed ALS form of the disease, so that the terms MND and ALS are commonly used to mean the same thing.'
Symptoms
Weakness in the ankle or leg, which may manifest itself with trips or difficulty ascending stairs, and a weakness in the ability to grip things.
Slurred speech is an early symptom and may later worsen to include difficulty swallowing food.
Muscle cramps or twitches are also a symptom, as is weight loss due to leg and arm muscles growing thinner over time.
Diagnosis
MND is difficult to diagnose in its early stages because several conditions may cause similar symptoms. There is also no one test used to ascertain its presence.
However, the disease is usually diagnosed through a process of exclusion, whereby diseases that manifest similar symptoms to ALS are excluded.
Causes
The NHS says that MND is an 'uncommon condition' that predominantly affects older people. However, it caveats that it can affect adults of any age.
The NHS says that, as of yet, 'it is not yet known why' the disease happens. The ALS Association says that MND occurs throughout the world 'with no racial, ethnic or socioeconomic boundaries and can affect anyone'.
It says that war veterans are twice as likely to develop ALS and that men are 20 per cent more likely to get it.
Treatment
There is no cure for MND and the disease is fatal, however the disease progresses at different speeds in patients.
People with MND are expected to live two to five years after the symptoms first manifest, although 10 per cent of sufferers live at least 10 years.
Occupational therapy, physiotherapy and medicines such as riluzole are used to palliate the effects of the the disease.
Lou Gehrig was a hugely popular baseball player, who played for the New York Yankees between 1923 and 1939. He was famous for his strength and was nicknamed 'The Iron Horse'
Lou Gehrig's Disease
As well as being known as ALS and Charcot's disease, MND is frequently referred to as Lou Gehrig's disease.
Lou Gehrig was a hugely popular baseball player, who played for the New York Yankees between 1923 and 1939.
He was famous for his strength and was nicknamed 'The Iron Horse'.
His strength, popularity and fame transcended the sport of baseball and the condition adopted the name of the sportsman.
While the quest to perform the world’s first successful human head transplant seems to have stalled, a man with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neurone disease (MND) or Lou Gehrig’s disease, is set to become the world’s first ‘full cyborg’, saving him from a life of full paralysis. Will it work?
“I’m about to be turned into Peter 2.0. And when I say ‘Peter 2.0’, I mean ‘a Cyborg’. And when I say ‘Cyborg’, I don’t just mean any old cyborg, you understand, but by far the most advanced human cybernetic organism ever created in 13.8 billion years. I’m scheduled to become the world’s very first full Cyborg. Almost everything about me is going to be irreversibly changed – body and brain.”
Dr Peter Scott-Morgan
(Image: @DrScottMorgan /Twitter)
Dr Peter Scott-Morgan might also be called Stephen Hawking 2.0. Hawking also had ALS and lived far longer than most people with the disease. His genius, celebrity status and profits from books allowed him to test and use advanced tools such as a speech-generating device. Sixty-one-year-old Dr. Scott-Morgan learned of his disease much later in life than Hawking (just two years ago) and his knowledge and status as a world-renowned roboticist gave him the ideas and connections to conceive and begin to implement a radical combination of flesh and metal that will turn him into cyborg that is “part hardware, part wetware, part digital, part analogue.” All that will be left of the physical Scott-Morgan is part of his brain — the wetware.
Morgan’s website details his life and what happened after his ALS diagnosis. While he has already been using a state-of-the-art wheelchair that allows him to stand, lie flat and hit high speeds, the first alteration of his body was to have a colostomy for his bowels, a catheter for his bladder and a feeding tube directly into his stomach that eliminate his need to eat or go to the toilet. The first real cyborg operation occurred on October 10th when he solved the breathing problem that kills most people with ALS.
“So he did some more research and found that people with throat cancer sometimes undergo a laryngectomy, in which the oesophagus and trachea are separated. The good news? Nothing that’s not meant to be in his lungs will get into his lungs. The bad news? He will no longer be able to speak.”
He created a remarkably life-like avatar of his face before he lost any muscle
(Image: Embody Digital/Youtube)
Well, bad news for a little while. Scott-Morgan designed an avatar of his face that will duplicate a full range of facial expressions. Next, he teamed with tech companies to replace Hawking’s eye-controlled speech-generator with an AI generator that will learn a variety of responses connected to appropriate facial expressions and vocal inflections that will give emotion to the voice that was revolutionary yet robotic for Hawking.
“When somebody walks into the room, the AI will listen to what they say to me and suggest different options. ‘Wonderful to see you!’ ‘How was your trip?’ ‘You’re looking good!’ And within two seconds I can carry on a spontaneous conversation.”
The avatar also knows what you’re thinking … how is Scott-Morgan paying for all of this leading-edge technology? He says many of the companies are working with him for free and will open-source the technology when it’s completed.
If Peter Scott-Morgan reaches his goal of becoming the first real human cyborg, freed from a body destroyed by a debilitating disease, his story will undoubtedly be made into a feel-good high-tech movie, complete with a romance – Scott-Morgan is supported by his longtime gay partner, Francis. In fact, in an interview with TIME, Scott-Morgan has already written the movie’s ending.
“Here I am, trapped only because of the physical limitations of my body. You imagine how liberating it will be to spend maybe most of my time in virtual reality. Really, really good virtual reality. And suddenly I can walk again. I can fly. I can be anywhere I want to be. And so can you. You can join me. We can explore universes that don’t exist. This is for all of us. I just get the chance to go to some of the places first. But one day, you’ll be there, too.”
Bring plenty of tissues.
Dr Peter B Scott-Morgan@DrScottMorgan
THIS IS MY LAST POST as Peter 1.0. Tomorrow I trade my voice for potentially decades of life as we complete the final medical procedure for my transition to Full Cyborg, the month I was told statistically I would be dead. I’m not dying, I’m transforming! Oh, how I LOVE Science!!!
When looking at accounts of supposed alien encounters, it is hard not imagine that one is about to take a dive into some pretty strange stuff. By its very nature this phenomenon is beyond the norm, and of course about as weird as it gets. Yet, among the many reports of people coming into contact with supposed extraterrestrial beings there are some that stand out as even stranger than the rest, and such cases are not particularly rare, it seems. Here we will look at a selection of some of the most off-the-wall, bonkers cases of purported alien contact there are, and see just how deep the rabbit hole goes.
One incredibly odd and not a little gross account of a bizarre alien encounter supposedly occurred in 1960 in the region of Yssandon, France. On this evening a Mr. and Mrs. Plumauzille were driving along a rural road at around 11 PM when they noticed a fuzzy red light floating above the tree tops only about 100 yards away from them. It was a most unusual sight, and they stopped the car to stare at it for a few moments before some movement caught their attention near the vehicle off to the side of the road. Thinking it was maybe some sort of wild animal they looked to the source of the movement, but this would prove to be no ordinary wildlife.
There to the right of the road and frosted with the glow of the headlights they could see an eery grey-brown, slimy blob-like thing about the size of a sack of potatoes throbbing and pulsating as if alive. It then proved that it indeed was animate, as it proceeded to sort of contract and expand to move itself along across the road, with rippling and movement under its slimy exterior giving the impression of “an animal trapped in a transparent plastic bag,” a nightmarish approximation of life, and it was described as generally looking almost like a giant maggot. As this outlandish creature flopped its way across the road they then noticed several other similar entities, smaller than the first, writhing and whipping around in the grass by the side of the road. This was unsettling enough that the couple decided to get out of there, and it is unclear just what they saw or if it had any connection to the weird UFO in the sky that had originally caught their attention. The case of the “Maggots of Yssandon” has become a rather popular one in French UFOlogy and has made the rounds in many collections of alien encounters over the years, and it remains a baffling head-scratcher.
From the 1950s we have another very weird encounter reported by the renowned UFOlogist and author Albert K. Bender, which he related in his 1962 book Flying Saucers and the Three Men. He claims that it all started in March of 1953 with what appeared to be more of a haunting than anything else, with objects moving on their own, lights and electronics turning on and off by themselves, and various poltergeist-like activity all over his home over the course of a few days, often accompanied by a strange smell like burning Sulphur. He would claim that he investigated the activity and he had then made actual telepathic contact with an entity that ominously warned him, “Please be advised to discontinue delving into the mysteries of the universe. We will make an appearance if you disobey.” As odd as this was, things would get absolutely bonkers from there.
He says that he recorded this all in a notebook, but that this notebook would mysteriously vanish from a locked box, shortly after which things would escalate. One evening he says he awoke to find three humanoid figures standing in his bedroom, wearing robes “like clergymen,” and possessing bright glowing eyes. He says that they concealed themselves under their garments, but that in fact they looked like “hideous monsters” underneath, and these creatures apparently teleported him away to some sort of facility, which they claimed was under Antarctica. The entities then supposedly explained to Bender that they were trying to extract a crucial chemical that they needed from seawater, and that they wished to keep their activities secret. Only when they left this planet was he to come forward with the report. Several more visits to the secret base and massages from aliens in the form of beautiful women (?) later, they left and he then wrote about it all in a book that was largely ignored when it came out. What in the world was going on here?
From the 1960s we have a few accounts that also stand out with their extreme oddness. In November of 1963 a series of strange events unfolded in the area of Kent, England, when two local boys, a 17-year-old John Flaxton and 18-year-old Mervyn Hutchinson, claimed that they one evening saw a glowing orb of light hovering over a rural field. After watching the scintillating orb for a few minutes it allegedly flew off into the woods, and shortly after this a nightmarish entity would emerge from the tangled brush. It was described as having a humanoid body covered in black, shaggy hair and possessing expansive bat-like wings and webbed feet. What made it especially otherworldly is that it seemed to have no head where one should be, and the boys fled in terror. What makes this whole case interesting is that at least two other witnesses also reported seeing the creature and the encounter, and in the coming days there would be some disparate reports describing the same freakish beast.
In 1965 we have a weird report given by radio announcer James Towsley, of station KEYL, in Long Prairie, Minnesota. The witness says that on October 23, 1965 he was driving along a remote stretch of Highway 27 at approximately 7 PM when he came around a bend and noticed a “rocket ship” planted right in the middle of the road, measuring around 30-feet tall and about 10 feet in diameter and resting upon a set of fins. Under this ship were several objects he described as looking like “tin cans,” around 6 inches high and with little tripod like legs upon which they moved about. Towsley would describe his surreal encounter thusly:
They were standing in a big circle of light under the ship. I jumped out of my car and was going to knock one over but then they came at me. They came right up to the car. There were three of them. They had no eyes or anything. Just those tripod legs and the matchstick arms. They were like tin cans. The size of a beer can. I was going to grab one but then I figured that if they could stop my car and put out my lights they could do something awful to me.
So we just stood there looking at each other and then they turned around and scooted back under the ship. The light was so bright I didn’t see where they went. Then there was a high-pitched humming sound and the ship took off straight up. It went up about a quarter of a mile, stopped for a moment and then disappeared. When the lights on the bottom went out after it was up in the air, my car radio and lights came on – and my engine started without having to touch the starter. I drove 90 miles an hour back to Long Prairie to report what I saw, but I wondered if people would believe me. I was sure of two things – the rocket (it towered above the trees along the road) was a spaceship of some kind and the three objects that came out of it were creatures like nothing else in the animal world I’ve ever seen. They definitely were not people as I know them.
The report prompted police to investigate the area, where they found strips of an unexplained oil-like substance smeared across the road, but nothing else. What were these things and did they ever really exist at all? Moving on into the 1970s we have a trove of bizarre encounters. A somewhat well-known such report supposedly happened on the evening of October 25, 1974, in the U.S. state of Wyoming. Local hunter Carl Higdon was hunting deer at a remote place called Medicine Bow National Forest, when he says he suddenly felt as if time had slowed down. It was a very unnerving sensation, and he had a strange experience when he shot at a deer only to witness the bullet stop in midair and drop to the ground. That was when he noticed a damn strange entity lurking in the shadows nearby.
The creature was described as a humanoid figure wearing what looked almost like a skintight scuba diving suit, with some sort of harness and a belt prominently featuring a star-shaped symbol of some sort. Its face was a bizarre combination of tiny eyes, a slit-like mouth, antennae, and hair that looked like a mass of straw, but what was really odd was that it had no ears, eyebrows, or neck. Also odd was that one of its abnormally long arms was tipped with what looked like a drill, while the other seemed to have no appendage at all. The creature then took things to the next level of strange when it spoke to Higdon in perfect English.
The entity introduced itself as “Ausso One,” and it would purportedly whisk Higdon off to its home planet, which the creature explained as being “163,000 light miles” from Earth. Higdon would describe it as a world dominated by massive umbrella shaped structures covered with lights, into one of which the frightened man was taken for some sort of medical examination before being returned to Earth. In the aftermath of this experience his truck would be found mired in a bog several miles away from where he had left it, and his doctor would be surprised to find that he no longer had some scarring of the lungs that had been plaguing him, a remnant of a case of tuberculosis, as well as several vanished kidney stones. Who was Ausso One? Was any of this true at all or was it an elaborate hoax and tall tale? Who knows?
On the evening of November 12, 1976, night watchmen José Maria Trejo and Juan Carrizosa Luján were on a shift at Talavera la Real air force base, Badajoz, Spain, when they saw an intensely bright UFO pass over while emitting an ear-splitting whistling noise akin to static interference. Not long after, another night watchmen named José Hidalgo excitedly came over with his guard dog to say he had seen the same thing. As they talked about what they had seen the sound of breaking twigs and crunching gravel came out from the darkness, and fearing that there was a trespasser on the base the dog was released, only to come back whimpering and cowering in fear.
At that point, out of the night came an almost ghost-like entity that seemed to be formed of green glowing fog and which stood 9 feet high and lacked any hands or feet. Upon its head it wore some sort of helmet, through which could be seen a deformed humanoid face peering back at them. The sight of this massive monstrosity caused Trejo to actually faint, and the remaining two men allegedly opened fire on it, the bullets seeming to pass right through it to hit the wall beyond, while at the same time making it glow more and more brightly before it suddenly vanished, and the same whistling sound they had originally heard pierced the night once again. The creature and its ship were gone. Rather bizarrely, they could find no bullet casings from the rounds they had fired. The case of what is known as the Badajoz Alien has gone on to become one of Spain’s stranger alien encounter reports, and who knows what this thing could have been.
In later years we have an account from the summer of 1975, in which a junior high school science teacher in New York by the name of Tom D’Ercole allegedly had a rather violent encounter with a nebulous, wraith-like entity like no other. D’Ercole purportedly woke up one clear, sunny morning to look outside his Long Island home and see what he at first took to be a small, uncommonly dark cloud that seemed to be hovering towards his house. Things got stranger still when he noticed that it was actually going against the wind to approach his residence, and that it was actually growing in size and changing shape, and as it drew closer he could see that this was in fact no cloud at all. He would say of the strange sight:
This basketball-sized cloud floated back and forth across the peak of the roof, changing in shape from a small globular mass to a larger ovoid and finally becoming an abstract, multi-curved, dark, vaporous ‘something.’ It finally measured about six feet in height and one and a half feet in width.
This is perhaps already alarming and bizarre enough as it is, but things got even weirder still when it further metamorphosed to form a “mouth” complete with “lips,” and began to seemingly inhale, after which it spewed forth a deluge of liquid that covered the teacher and his home and then evaporated into nothingness as if it had never been there at all. D’Ercole went through great efforts to try and preserve some evidence of his odd encounter by placing his wet clothes in a sealed bag, but when analyzed it was found to be nothing but plain water. Although it is unclear what the teacher could have possibly seen, it is an intriguing account in that it comes from a reliable witness in the form of a well-respected science teacher who seems to have no reason at all to have made up such an absurd-sounding story.
Finally, we have a case from Quebradillas, Puerto Rico, where in July of 1977 witness Adrián Olmos saw a 4-foot tall dwarf flying about with a jetpack, which was weird enough as it is, but would get even more so in the coming months. Then on October 20, 1977, Olmos was making a delivery of veterinarian medical products in the small coastal town of Camuy when his head was besieged with a sound he would describe as “reminiscent of the shrieking of monkeys,” only growing in intensity as he tried to continue going about making his deliveries. It got so bad that he felt physically ill, and pulled his vehicle over to the side of the road as that shrieking pounded in his head. It was then that he allegedly saw in front of him an immense ball of light about 13 feet across, which descended to hover above the road before him. From this main light there broke of several smaller lights, and he would say of what happened next:
The lights gave off a sort of gas which coalesced into two small creatures, becoming more and more clearly defined. I realized that the pair were the source of the shrieks, and they appeared to be talking to one another. The creatures had apple-colored faces and were dressed in platinum-white outfits, with diamond-like structures on the foreheads, held in place by black headbands. They resembled lizards, and long red tongues could be seen inside their mouths when they spoke.
He claimed that these lizard monsters wore some sort of boots, and that one of them had in its hands a small, box-like device which it aimed at the terrified man as if it were using it to scan him. One of them then shrieked at him in a probable attempt to communicate, before they all stepped back to meld into the large light, which then ascended into the sky to go flying off, the whole ordeal leaving Olmos feeling weakened and exhausted. In the years after this frightening encounter, Olmos would move away from the area and for years after complain of constant panic attacks and headaches. The rather outlandish case became quite popular among UFO researchers and journalists, and remains much discussed to this day.
This is by far not the extent of the many, many truly outlandish alien encounters on record, merely a selection. In a realm where aliens and interdimensional interlopers are presumed real, I suppose it is par for the course. There is no way something from another world or dimension is exactly going to fit it with our take on reality, and we are bound to get truly off the wall reports like these along with the standard humanoids and “greys.” Of course we have to assess whether any of these cases really happened as described or not, and that is a tricky problem to tackle at the best of times, especially with reports that seem to be one off encounters with outlandish entities that are never seen again. If it this is all real, then we are left to wonder just what is going on here. Are they aliens? Visitors from some other dimension? Pure imagination? Something else? There is no way to know, and such cases serve to add some very strange and very entertaining flavor to the landscape of truly odd encounters.
The U.S. Navy has been in the news for some weird stuff over the last few years. As the only branch of the military which has acknowledged the UFO (or UAP as they insist on referring to it) phenomenon, it’s quite curious that they have recently filed patents for technology that seems a perfect fit if they were attempting to build their own flying saucers. The problem is that a lot of these patents describe things that just simply shouldn’t exist within our known technological capacities. The latest in a series of filed U.S. Navy patents that seem to be beyond the realm of modern physics is a compact nuclear fusion reactor that could potentially fit inside a small craft. Yet nuclear fusion is a “Holy Grail” of energy production which we supposedly can’t figure out how to do at all, let alone create a compact fusion reactor that could fit inside a small vehicle.
Mysterious Universe alumnus Brett Tingley and Tyler Rogoway at The War Zone did a fantastic deep dive into this mysterious Navy patent and why it’s so confusing. The patent comes from Salvatore Cezar Pais, the Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division engineer behind other recent mysterious and hard-to-believe patents including room temperature superconductors and a propulsion system that looks eerily similar to classic UFOs.
The nuclear power reactors we use today are fission reactors. Fusion reactors, by contrast, would be much more efficient, produce less radioactive waste, and don’t require enriched nuclear material that could be used to produce weapons. They would be a dramatic and game-changing improvement in every aspect of energy production. The problem is that we can only generate fusion for minutes or seconds in the experimental fusion reactors currently operational, and they’re the size of buildings.
Despite this, people are actively working on compact fusion reactors including Lockheed Martin’s Skunk Works, the Chinese Government, and now, apparently, the U.S. Navy.
The patent claims that the reactor can produce power in the gigawatt to terrawatt range (1 billion and 1 trillion watts, respectively). By contrast, as Tingley and Rogoway point out, America’s largest nuclear power plant is capable of generating 4 gigawatts of power.
The biggest impediment to nuclear fusion reactors is the containment of the plasma core. In the patent, it states that the plasma core is contained by a signature feature of all Pais’ bizarre inventions, a “controlled motion of electrically charged matter via accelerated vibration and/or accelerated spin subjected to smooth yet rapid acceleration transients, in order to generate extremely high energy/high intensity electromagnetic fields.”
The circular saucer shape probably isn’t an aesthetic choice when you really think about it. There’s gotta be some functionality inherent to such a silly looking thing.
But like Pais’ other UFO patents, it is not clear at all whether this device actually exists or if it is merely theoretical. The Navy has vouched for some of these patents in the past, claiming that a few do indeed already physically exist. If this fusion reactor does exist though, it should be stressed that this would be a game-changer for so many facets society. This is straight up Star Trek prequel future-tech. Of course, it’s also unknown what the Navy plans on doing with it, as well as unknown, and perhaps even doubtful, if we’ll ever see it in action.
Thailand’s Area 51 is Home to Cooperating ETs from Two Different Planets
On the hunt for extraterrestrials: A forest reserve in central Thailand is attracting UFO seekers who believe Buddhist aliens are visiting the site and sending telepathic communiques. The home of Wassana Chuensamnaun, lead campaigner for the extraterrestrials, is filled with alien artwork, including this statue.
Richard S. Ehrlich
Thailand’s Area 51 is Home to Cooperating ETs from Two Different Planets
In today’s edition of “As the Paranormal Turns Normal,” CNN and Vice – two reputable (send your negative comments to them) mainstream media sources – recently promoted Thailand’s Area 51 as a popular and fun tourist attraction. And there’s no need to storm it because its aliens and UFOs are openly discussed and often encountered. Should you start checking the flight schedule to Bangkok? Let’s find out.
“A hilltop in central Thailand is attracting UFO seekers who believe extraterrestrials hover above a huge Buddha statue, send telepathic communiques, walk across nearby sugarcane fields and use a crocodile-infested lake as a portal from their planets — Pluto and Loku.
It’s all happening three hours by road or rail north from Bangkok in Nakhon Sawan — which translates to “City of Heaven.””
If CNN’s description of Khao Kala hill, the alien-attracting base of the giant Buddha statue near Nakhon Sawan sounds familiar, it’s because that was the site of Thailand’s own Area 51 ‘storming’ in August 2019 … only this one involved the local police storming two meetings of the UFO Kao Kala group who discuss their sightings and encounters with each other and interested parties. While the authorities said they were just making sure the capacity of the room wasn’t exceeded and the visitors didn’t trample the park grounds. That seems reasonable … except there are a lot of people in the area who object to these UFO and alien believers, especially since they link their sightings to Buddhist meditations and philosophies.
“The aliens are described as slender, little, silvery humanoids. Illustrations depict them standing upright on two legs with two arms and a bulbous bald head with a pointy face topped with a single antenna. Huge, glossy, almond-shaped black eyes gaze above a thin nose and miniature mouth. Believers say silvery spaceships appear festooned with colorful lights or resemble the domed, circular, retro-UFOs seen in low-budget 1950s movies.”
If we can get along, why can’t they?
Since CNN Travel is promoting Khao Kala hill as a vacation spot for UFO enthusiasts, it deemphasized the controversies and instead described the aliens, who witnesses say are from Pluto and Loku, a planet orbiting another star in the Milky Way galaxy. Wassana Chuensamnaun, daughter of the first person to encounter the aliens, says both groups can take on physical forms but there’s no guarantee visitors will meet them. However, they may hear from them telepathically – Wassana claims that the Plutonians are looking for a few humans who will survive an upcoming nuclear holocaust and can contact the aliens to come help with the cleanup. (Why not help prevent it? Asking for a friend.)
This might be a good place for Buddhists to visit, since Wassana says the Plutonians think he was “the greatest human mind” and often talk to her about karma, reincarnation and other Buddhist interests. This connection to the religion may also save the UFO Kao Kala group from future raids and complaints by suspicious locals.
Welcome aliens!
The Vice article points out that there are weekend bus tours to the site and plenty of baggy t-shirts plastered with garish alien designs” and other souvenirs and alien-themed food items for sale there. Now THAT sounds more like the other Area 51, especially during the recent storming events. However, that site still doesn’t have alien and UFO encounters – real or telepathic – while Khao Kala hill claims to have them, plus a group that will help visitors attempt to contact the Plutonians and Lokucians (Lokunatics?) themselves.
Which one sounds like a trip worthy of your hard-earned vacation days? Whichever you choose, it’s just another of the growing signs that the paranormal is becoming the normal.
Photoreportage of CNN-travel: peter2011
UFO hotspot: The view from atop Khao Kala hill includes flat sugarcane fields, below where Wassana and other believers say they have seen aliens disembark a UFO, walk around, and then vanish in an atomized puff.
Richard S. Ehrlich
'The UFO spun me': "I felt like my legs and my arms had to spin," says Wassana's brother-in-law, Jaroen Raepeth, seen here re-enacting what he believes was his first encounter with aliens.
Richard S. Ehrlich
Two types of aliens: An artist's conception of alien life is displayed in Wassana's home. "There are two types of aliens," Wassana says. "One group is from the planet Pluto. The others are from a planet named Loku."
Richard S. Ehrlich
Like the UFOs in retro movies: Believers say silvery spaceships appear festooned with colorful lights or resemble the domed, circular, retro-UFOs seen in low-budget 1950s movies, including this portrayal by an artist displayed in Wassana's home.
Richard S. Ehrlich
The team: Wassana [far right] and others involved in championing the extraterrestrials, stand alongside a makeshift UFO and alien displayed in Wassana's home.
Richard S. Ehrlich
Another artist's conception: An artist's depiction portrays aliens with a bulbous bald head with a pointy face topped with a single antenna. Huge, glossy, almond-shaped black eyes gaze above a thin nose and miniature mouth, as seen in this painting displayed in Wassana's home.
Richard S. Ehrlich
A crocodile-infested alien portal: Believers say nearby Bueng Boraphet Lake is a portal from the aliens' planets Pluto and Loku, but villagers warn the water is infested with crocodiles.
Richard S. Ehrlich
An unusual choice: The aliens' purported choice of Khao Kala is unusual because it is the smallest among a cluster of loftier hills. Meditators say they are thankful they don't have to climb very high to reach the top.
Richard S. Ehrlich
Forbidden path: A well-trod path up the hill through a lush forest bursting with small butterflies, tamarind trees and other greenery now includes a wooden gate and big sign warning: "No one is allowed to take over or do any activities which can result in destruction of the forest. If you trespass, legal action will be taken." Defiant seekers walk around the gate.
Richard S. Ehrlich
Hilltop Buddha: A Buddhist Thai woman kneels at a larger-than-life statue portraying Buddha protected by a mythical seven-headed "naga" snake, which has topped the hill for many years and was not associated with any UFOs before the family's tales.
Richard S. Ehrlich
An artist's conception: Follwers describe the aliens as slender, little, silvery humanoids. An artist's conception, displayed in Wassana's home, portrays them standing upright on two legs, with two arms.
Richard S. Ehrlich
UFO sighting?: A recent photograph by Manop Ampan, administrator of the UFOKaoKala Facebook group. Manop was previously Nakhon Sawan province's government Public Relations Department officer.
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Dulce Underground Base Secrets
Dulce Underground Base Secrets
Paul Bennewitz, an electrical physicist living in Albuquerque, New Mexico, engaged in some aggressive radio monitoring of the nearby Sandia Labs, then.
Dulce Base is an alleged secret alien underground facility under Archuleta Mesa on the Colorado-New Mexico border near the town of Dulce, New Mexico.
Dear Viewers, Philip Schneider claimed to be a former US Government Geologist and Engineer, who was involved in producing the underground explosions. This video looks at wars between aliens and the military at an underground facility in Dulce. The underground base in New Mexico definitely has a connection to.
Once we go below the crust of the planet past five or six miles, there’s thousand of miles more, and we don’t know or understand exactly what could be down there, he pointed out.
There’ve long been rumors about a secret underground base at Dulce, NM, and that area has had a large number of strange lights seen on the mesas, Strieber noted, adding that the local Jicarilla tribe has a legend they were created inside the mesa.
A media phenomenon, Coast to Coast AM deals with UFOs, strange occurrences, life after death, and other unexplained (and often inexplicable) phenomena.
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Reptillian Face Seen In Earths Orbit From Space Station, UFO Sighting News.
Reptillian Face Seen In Earths Orbit From Space Station, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Oct 15, 2019 Location of sighting: Earths Orbit from ISS Source: NASA Live Cams I was watching the live cams trying to catch sight of a UFO and noticed this reptilian face passing below the space station in earths orbit. I believe this was made by an alien living on Earth, who was dreaming or thinking deeply about a distant person. Some alien species minds are so powerful that they can do telekinesis, which is simply the ability to move an object in some manner without coming into physical contact with it. Whats easier to change the shape of than a cloud? In essence, it is the psychic ability to use the power of the mind to manipulate a specific target and conform it to your will. We have just witnessed an alien thinking about someone. We have seen its memory! Scott C. Waring
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Giant 'alien-like' squid egg in underwater bubble found by divers in Arctic Ocean
Giant 'alien-like' squid egg in underwater bubble found by divers in Arctic Ocean
The deep ocean is a mysterious world. Now it appears that Norwegian divers (Ronald Raasch) found a strange bag filled with liquid in the Arctic Ocean.
A huge underwater bubble was discovered by a group of scientists who were studying the state of the ocean. Swimming to the ball, divers lit it with a flashlight, which allowed a closer look at its insides.
While it almost looks like there is an alien-like figure inside the underwater bubble, it turns out that it is a rare jelly-like structure intended to protect the offspring of squid inside.
The discovery of exoplanet GJ 3512b – a planet “too big for its star” – adds fuel to the competition between 2 theoretical models of how planets form. It suggests many more Jupiter-like planets are waiting to be found, orbiting nearby sunlike stars.
Notice the spiral structure here? This isn’t a galaxy; it’s a computer simulation of a newly forming solar system. It’s part of the disk instability model of how planets form, a model that’s been less accepted by astronomers – until now. A new discovery suggests this model may be correct. If so, Jupiter-like worlds may be common around nearby sunlike stars.
Astronomers have discoveredmore than 4,000 exoplanets so far, and the number is still going up. Many are gas giant worlds like Jupiter or Saturn in our solar system, but that’s in part selection bias; the more massive exoplanets orbiting closer to their stars are the easiest exoplanets to find. Now, a new studysuggests that there may be a large population of still-unseen Jupiter-like exoplanets waiting to be found orbiting nearby sunlike stars. The new results, from theorist Alan Boss at Carnegie Institution for Science, relate in a profound way to astronomers’ understanding of how planets form. These results have been accepted for publication in an upcoming issue of The Astrophysical Journal.
Boss’s new work is supported by a September 27, 2019, paper, published in the peer-reviewed journal Science, reporting on the discovery of a new exoplanet labeled GJ 3512b. This confirmed, massive, Jupiter-like planet orbits a very low-mass red dwarf star. And thus this planet – sometimes called the planet that shouldn’t exist – belies the previously most-popular theory of planetary formation, which had suggested it was impossible for such a massive planet to form around such a small star. From the September 27 paper:
Surveys have shown that super-Earth and Neptune-mass exoplanets are more frequent than gas giants around low-mass stars, as predicted by the core accretion theory of planet formation. We report the discovery of a giant planet around the very-low-mass star GJ 3512, as determined by optical and near-infrared radial-velocity observations. The planet has a minimum mass of 0.46 Jupiter masses, very high for such a small host star, and an eccentric 204-day orbit … We use simulations to demonstrate that the GJ 3512 planetary system challenges generally accepted formation theories …
It’s the challenge of the “impossible exoplanet” GJ 3512b to the most widely accepted planet-formation model that Boss is now addressing in his new paper.
The new study is supported by, and expands on, the discovery of GJ 3512b, a gas giant that “shouldn’t exist” because current planet formation theory says it is too big for its very small star.
Astronomical theorists – people who’ve spent entire careers studying how planets form – have settled on two scenarios for the formation of gas giant planets. One scenario is called core accretion, and the other is called disk instability. In core accretion, planets slowly form through the collisions of increasingly larger material in the debris disk of gas and dust surrounding a young star, such as dust grains, pebbles, boulders, and eventually larger planetesimals. Meanwhile, the competing theory – disk instability – suggests a rapidly triggered process that occurs when the debris disk is massive and cool enough to form spiral arms.
According to the disk instability model of how planets form, clumps of self-gravitating gas and dust then form and contract and coalesce into a baby planet.
Core accretion has been the dominant theory for some time now, but planets like GJ 3512b represent a challenge to it. Boss has long been a proponent of the disk instability theory. With GJ 3512b now discovered and confirmed, Boss more than ever believes disk instability is the correct model for the formation of gas giant planets, and – if so – that there are many more Jupiter-like planets waiting to be found. According to Guillem Anglada-Escudé, a former Carnegie postdoc who worked with Boss on disk instability models, now at the Institute for Space Studies of Catalonia:
It’s a great vindication for the disk instability method and a demonstration how one unusual discovery can swing the pendulum on our understanding of how planets form.
Alan Boss, a theorist and observational astronomer at Carnegie Institution for Science.
Here’s the big problem with core accretion as an explanation for planets like GJ 3512b. According to core accretion, the mass of a debris disk should be proportional to the mass of the young star around which it revolves. When you have a star that’s much smaller than our sun – hosting a planet that should be too big for it – then either the original debris disk was enormous in relation to this star, or core accretion just didn’t work in this planetary system.
In contrast, in the disk instability scenario, hot debris disks start out as very stable. As they gradually cool down, they form spiral arms around the star – yes, spiral arms similar to those in a galaxy – from which dense clumps eventually form planets. And as it turns out, the gas giants resulting from that process are at similar distances from their stars as Jupiter and Saturn are from the sun. As Boss surmised:
My new models show that disk instability can form dense clumps at distances similar to those of the solar system’s giant planets. The exoplanet census is still very much underway, and this work suggests that there are many more gas giants out there waiting to be counted.
If Boss is right, then disk instability for the creation of planets may be more common than thought, and there should be many more Jupiter-like worlds waiting to be discovered around nearby stars. Finding more planets like GJ 3512b would make that scenario even more compelling.
Artist’s concept of exoplanet GJ 504b, a gas giant 57 light-years away. Similar worlds may be common around nearby stars, according to a new study by theorist Alan Boss.
Image via Goddard Space Flight Center/S. Wiessinger/Sci-News.
Bottom line: A new study from Carnegie Institution for Science suggests there are many more Jupiter-like gas giant planets orbiting nearby stars, waiting to be found. The study expands on the recent discovery of GJ 3512b, a massive planet that should be too large for its small star, and “shouldn’t even exist” according to the current most-popular theory of how planets form.
What is mutilating cows in the Midwest? FBI probed thousands of reports of cattle killed with 'surgical precision' since the early 1970s - with the deaths blamed on satanic cults, the government and ALIENS
What is mutilating cows in the Midwest? FBI probed thousands of reports of cattle killed with 'surgical precision' since the early 1970s - with the deaths blamed on satanic cults, the government and ALIENS
WARNING: GRAPHIC CONTENT
Since the early 1970s, thousands of cow murders and mutilations have reportedly taken place in the Midwest
Reports include cattle having ears, lips, eyes, noses, anuses and genitalia removed with 'surgical precision'
Conflicting theories abound - some believe either aliens or the government are responsible for the mutilations, or 'mutes', which have also been reported across the US and abroad
The FBI attempted to investigate the incidents but were largely unsuccessful due to 'lack of jurisdiction'
On a bright, sunny morning in the summer of 1973, Ron and Paula Watson, two farmers in Springfield, Missouri, witnessed something that changed their lives forever.
It was an alien abduction, they say. But not of a human – of cattle.
They said they saw a 'green, cone-shaped craft' – next to which two 'silver little beings' were standing over a large black cow.
'I told Ron, 'My god, they got a cow! What are they doing to it?' Paula said. 'It had its eyes open and its tongue was like, hanging out a little bit. But it just laid there and it didn't move.'
She described in detail how she saw the aliens running their hands over the cow and then inspecting their long fingers before they 'floated' it into their large ship in the distance.
Their neighbors never believed their story, though one did admit to having one black cow left unaccounted for. The Watsons' story sounds like something out of an early science-fiction film – but it became one of many stories of alien and UFO sightings used to explain the thousands of cow mutilations reported across the United States in the 1970s.
Since the 1970s, bizarre murders and mutilations of cattle have been reported across the nation, primarily in the Midwest. In this photo (left) of a cow in Saguache County, Colorado in 1975, a female cow's utters have been removed with surgical precision. In the image on the right, a cow was found with its tongue removed in July 2013 on a farm in Missouri
News reports make up the bulk of the FBI's 32 page report on the subject, which is prefaced by a brief explanation that their investigation was hindered by a lack of jurisdiction in most cases
Within the depths of the FBI's database of unsolved mysteries lies the graphic tale of these cattle murders, which outraged and petrified farmers for decades, and is still continuing today.
Speculation surrounding who – or what – might be responsible for the killing and mutilation of thousands of cows has ranged from satanic worshipers, government agents, and even aliens.
The most curious aspect is not that the cattle have died, but the way in which they did. Since the early 1970s farmers have discovered their treasured (and expensive) animals dead with various organs excised – including eyes, noses, tongues, hearts, livers, anuses, and genitalia removed with laser precision.
Though many theories have been offered it's a phenomenon that no one – not even the FBI – have ever been able to solve.
In 1974, newspapers started to catch wind of these bizarre mutilations, which first took place primarily in extremely rural farmlands in the Midwest. Instances were reported across the nation but were mostly scattered among South Dakota, Colorado, Kansas, and Nevada.
The news reports make up the bulk of the FBI's 32 page report on the subject, which is prefaced by a brief explanation that their investigation was hindered by a lack of jurisdiction in most cases.
The FBI told DailyMail.com that this was due to the fact that at the time there was no federal law declaring animal mutilation a federal crime, which didn't allow the department to continue investigating.
Many residents reported seeing helicopters circling the areas where cattle later turned up dead and sliced up with seemingly surgical accuracy. This prompted concerns that the mutilations, nicknamed 'mutes' by those familiar with the subject, were being propagated and covered up by the government.
in this image on the left, the cow's heart was excised with expert care - and was the third of three cattle mutilated on the same farm in Missouri beginning in 2011. Theories of who, or what, might be responsible have ranged from satanic cults, aliens, and the government. In the image on the right, ranchers found an animal with its sex organs and anus removed
Linda Moulton Howe is a former Miss Idaho turned investigative journalist and regional Emmy-winning filmmaker who has been a primary proponent of the 'alien argument'
This was around the same time of the height of alien paranoia in the United States – when UFOs, or balls or discs of floating light, were being spotted in similarly rural areas, often preceding or following the cow mutilations.
Many who have dedicated their lives to the subject believe, in fact, that aliens are responsible for the mutilations and that the government has been attempting to cover up their crimes (and existence) for years.
One such person is Linda Moulton Howe, the regional Emmy-winning filmmaker who the Watsons shared their story with for her documentary Earth Mysteries: Alien Life Forms. She has been one of the most steadfast supporters of the alien argument.
Her research conjures the images of what we picture as the stereotypical alien abduction – flying saucers beaming animals up into space with light.
At least two people even reported being abducted by aliens at that time – including one woman named Judy Doraty and her daughter Cindy.
In a 1990 symposium proceeding Howe wrote: '…I found in so many eyewitness accounts of orange glowing objects the size of football fields hovering above pasturelands where mutilated animals were later found. Or beams of light observed shining down from 'silent helicopters' that lighted pastures 'brighter than daylight' and the next day mutilated animals were found. And eyewitness reports of strange craft and/or non-human creatures involved with animals.
'There was Judy Doraty who in 1973 watched a brown and white calf rise in a pale beam of yellow light. Inside the craft, she saw tissue cut from the eye, tongue and testicles by two small grey-skinned creatures. They had four fingers, instead of five, and those long, thin fingers tapered into dark nails. Their eyes had vertical pupils like a cat or a crocodile's.
'Judy's daughter, Cindy, also described in a 1990 hypnosis session seeing a calf rising in a beam of yellow light.'
In a rare winter mutilation, this calf was found in Hooper, Nebraska in 1975 with its jaw completely cut out all the way up to its right eye socket. Eyewitnesses often reported seeing beaming lights or suspicious helicopters near where mutilated cows were later found
US Senator Floyd Haskell from Colorado pleaded with the FBI to become involved with the mutilations in August 1975 after receiving more than 130 cases in the state alone, and farmers had taken to arming themselves out of fear
Supernatural explanations were the only ones that made any sense at the time – given that the technology of the era was not advanced enough to have performed what appeared to be the use of localized lasers.
The areas surrounding the excisions, often around the anus of the murdered animals, had a blackened and burned appearance to them – suggesting the use of a high-powered laser. Other researchers, however, proposed different conclusions.
Christopher O'Brien, an author and investigative journalist on the subject, said that in his 200 cases of dealing with cattle death, about 40 of those were done by 'something with intelligence'.
Christopher O'Brien, an author and who has investigated the subject for decades, said that in his 200 cases of dealing with cattle death, about 40 of those were done by 'something with intelligence'. He is pictured researching left in 1993 and right in 2012
This Hooper, Nebraska calf also had its anus cut in a 10-inch wide diameter and 18-inch deep. O'Brien told DailyMail.com that he didn't believe aliens were responsible - because 'who would fly thousands of light years to collect cow butts?'
He is more skeptical of the alien explanation – saying that Howe's research doesn't incorporate many of the scientific findings that have been made.
He told the DailyMail.com that when a cow decomposes, the vegetable matter contained in one of its four stomachs makes the animal bloat. As the moisture leaves the body it then starts to deflate – causing the exposed edges of the animal to stay hard and darkened.
'To someone who doesn't know what they're looking at – it looks like a burn,' he said.
O'Brien feels that the alien argument is one used to sensationalize the topic and are only looking at a small portion of the total data.
He can't deny, however, how disturbing the number of 'high strange' cases are that he's seen – the ones that involve otherworldly circumstances.
On one occasion which O'Brien calls his 'strangest case' – he was called to the scene of a mutilated calf in Del Norte, Colorado.
'It was really freaky, it wouldn't rot,' he said. 'It was found in a complete pristine, five inch snow field without one drop of blood on the snow. All the blood had been taken from the animal. The heart and liver had been expertly excised and left in the body cavity.
'The chief medical veterinary pathologist said "it wasn't an animal that did this",' he continued.
In O'Brien's book, Stalking the Heard, he writes that the month-old calf was also missing its spine from the hips to the skull and the brain was gone. It's right front leg was also gone, and the vast majority of its ribs, both eyes, ears, intestines, reproductive tract, and lungs had been removed. Its rectum was also mutilated.
Two witnesses also reportedly saw a large beam of light near the house the previous evening before the calf was found.
O'Brien's 'strangest case' was this month-old calf that was missing its spine from the hips to the skull and the brain was gone. It's right front leg was also gone, and the vast majority of its ribs, both eyes, ears, intestines, reproductive tract, and lungs had been removed. Its rectum was also mutilated and its heart and liver were excised but left inside the body cavity
He hits on another popular argument for the cattle deaths – though arguably the least plausible explanation. Many believe that the excisions were being done simply by other animals – scavengers such as vultures or coyotes.
O'Brien is quick to discredit this based off of his own experience.
'The first thing I look for is cut hair follicles,' he said. 'When birds or coyotes rip they rip between the lines of hair they don't cut the hair. If I find a 2-3 inch section of cut hair follicles I know that someone or something with a sharp implement did that. It wasn't done by birds or scavengers.'
These 'high strange' cases are less likely to be reported by ranchers, according to O'Brien.
'The freakier the case the less likely the rancher is to report it – they're so freaked out they won't even tell their family or neighbors. He doesn't want people in the community to think he's been singled out and victimized by some supernatural thing. That's why they're very reluctant to come forward.
'It's only when they see the hundreds and hundreds of helicopters being reported around these sites – mostly military helicopters – it's only when they see that that they feel like they've been targeted or victimized by their government and that pisses them off.'
Though the occurrences in the United States have considerably slowed down since they were at their height in the early 1970s, they certainly haven't stopped. O'Brien notes that they have seen a consistently high number of cases in South America, especially Brazil and Argentina.
O'Brien says that throughout his decades of studying mutilations, he's noticed that there's been a shift to South America, where he believes they've had more than 4,000 cases since 2002. A news report included in an FBI briefing stated that more than 1500 cattle in 22 states were killed and mutilated from 1973 to 1976 in the United States
He claims that since 2002, there have been more than 4,000 cases of cattle mutilation in South America - and are still reporting anywhere from three to a dozen cases a week.
Back in the United States, just before the New Year in 2016, and again a few days afterwards, two cows were mutilated in nearby rural towns in Kansas.
In McPherson County, Carla and John Shearer discovered one of their pregnant cows dead with one eye removed and both her top and bottom eyelids and eyelashes excised.
'We lose animals, but not like this,' Shearer told the Kansas Agland. The couple believes whoever killed their $4,000 cow used a tranquilizer or stun gun to immobilize it before killing it.
'She died in motion – she was walking and she just went straight down,' Shearer added.
Carla and John Shearer on McPherson County, Kansas discovered one of their pregnant cows dead with one eye removed and both her top and bottom eyelids and eyelashes excised in January 2017
The bull found in nearby Harvey County was found dead with its genitals removed – also cut with surgical precision.
It is O'Brien's opinion that the mass mutilations – of which there were thousands reported in the 1970s alone – are a part of a secretive government effort to research animal plagues such as mad cow or prion disease.
'We've seen this many, many times throughout history – where one case will happen and then within a week there will be a dozen. I think they're looking for something – that's the best explanation I can give. And I think they're looking for something within the food chain.
'Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is the most horrendous affliction that you could possibly imagine. It's 100% fatal – it produces large holes in the brain tissue and creates holes like Swiss cheese in the neuron system and the brain synapses start to misfire. You forget to breathe and your autonomic system starts to break down.
'That I think is the basic underpinnings of it – we're dealing with a group that is interested in keeping an eye on the food chain. The beef industry is the largest, most powerful industry that you never hear about. I think we're dealing with something that's being protected by some quasi-governmental group,' he said.
Though tempting to indulge in the possibility of space creatures invading the planet to study our animals, O'Brien finds this explanation a bit too impractical.
'It sounds like bad science fiction,' he said. 'Who would fly hundreds of light years to come and gather cow butts?'
Scientists working with the Curiosity rover have found salt-enriched rock at a place called Sutton Island on Mars. The rocks suggest ponds with briny water on Mars, billions of years ago.
The video above provides concise background on insights obtained so far via NASA’s Curiosity rover, which has been exploring Gale crater on Mars since 2012. Curiosity has joined other Mars explorers in providing evidence that the red planet must once have been warmer and wetter, likely with liquid water on its surface. Could life have gotten a foothold there? Maybe, and that’s part of what has scientists so intrigued. This week (October 7, 2019), Curiosity scientists at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, announced another new study about Mars water, published in the peer-reviewed journal Nature Geoscience.
A statement about the new work painted a vivid picture of Mars, billions of years ago:
Imagine ponds dotting the floor of Gale Crater, the 100-mile-wide (150-kilometer-wide) ancient basin that Curiosity is exploring. Streams might have laced the crater’s walls, running toward its base. Watch history in fast forward, and you’d see these waterways overflow then dry up, a cycle that probably repeated itself numerous times over millions of years.
That is the landscape described by Curiosity scientists …
The authors of the new paper interpret the rocks found by Curiosity – enriched in mineral salts – as evidence of shallow briny ponds that existed on Mars’ surface billions of years ago. The rocks provide evidence that these ponds on Mars went through episodes of overflow and drying. NASA commented:
The deposits serve as a watermark created by climate fluctuations as the Martian environment transitioned from a wetter one to the freezing desert it is today.
View larger. | Possible mud cracks preserved in Martian rock. Earthly scientists call this Martian rock slab Old Soaker. It might have formed from the drying of a mud layer more than 3 billion years ago. The view spans about 4 feet (1.2 meters) left-to-right and combines three images taken by the Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) camera on the arm of NASA’s Curiosity Mars rover.
William Rapin of Caltech is the lead author of the new paper. He said:
We went to Gale Crater because it preserves this unique record of a changing Mars. Understanding when and how the planet’s climate started evolving is a piece of another puzzle: When and how long was Mars capable of supporting microbial life at the surface?
Rapin and his co-authors describe salts found across a 500-foot-tall (150-meter-tall) section of sedimentary rocks called Sutton Island, which Curiosity visited in 2017. The mud cracks at one location look so much like a dry lakebed that the scientists have nicknamed the location Old Soaker. NASA said:
… the team already knew the area had intermittent drier periods. But the Sutton Island salts suggest the water also concentrated into brine.
Typically, when a lake dries up entirely, it leaves piles of pure salt crystals behind. But the Sutton Island salts are different: For one thing, they’re mineral salts, not table salt. They’re also mixed with sediment, suggesting they crystallized in a wet environment – possibly just beneath evaporating shallow ponds filled with briny water.
Given that Earth and Mars were similar in their early days, Rapin speculated that Sutton Island might have resembled saline lakes onSouth America’s Altiplano[in west-central South America, the place where the Andes are widest]. Streams and rivers flowing from mountain ranges into this arid, high-altitude plateau lead to closed basins similar to Mars’ ancient Gale Crater. Lakes on the Altiplano are heavily influenced by climate in the same way as Gale.
Rapin added:
During drier periods, the Altiplano lakes become shallower, and some can dry out completely. The fact that they’re vegetation-free even makes them look a little like Mars.
View as panorama. | This self-portrait of NASA’s Mars rover Curiosity combines 66 exposures taken by the rover’s MAHLI imaging system during the 177th Martian day, or sol, of Curiosity’s work on Mars (February 3, 2013).
Curiosity’s science team is now seeing a cycle of wet-to-dry across long timescales on Mars. Project Scientist Ashwin Vasavada of JPL said:
As we climb Mount Sharp, we see an overall trend from a wet landscape to a drier one. But that trend didn’t necessarily occur in a linear fashion. More likely, it was messy, including drier periods, like what we’re seeing at Sutton Island, followed by wetter periods…
This animation illustrates the Sutton Island model of drying lakes on Mars. Sutton Island is a 500-foot-tall (150-meter-tall) section of sedimentary rocks on Mount Sharp – the central mountain in Gale Crater – where Curiosity has been exploring since 2012. The model suggests stream flow from Mount Sharp to the floor of Gale Crater. Salty ponds might have been left behind as the region dried out over time. The rocks enriched with mineral salts, found here by Curiosity, suggest that water vanished slowly, and they suggest a possible, persistent cycle of drying and overflow.
Image via ASU Knowledge Enterprise Development/Michael Northrop/NASA.
Bottom line:Scientists working with the Curiosity rover have found salt-enriched rock at a place called Sutton Island on Mars. The rocks suggest ponds with briny water existed on Mars, billions of years ago.
Based on estimates of trajectory, which are constantly becoming more accurate as technology develops, the rock will passt within about 9,700 kilometres of Earth.
While that may seem like a safe distance, the moon is more than 383,000 kilometres away.
Alien artifacts from ancient Egypt found in Jerusalem & kept secret by Rockefeller Museum
Alien artifacts from ancient Egypt found in Jerusalem & kept secret by Rockefeller Museum
Alien enthusiasts have been left fascinated by reports of ancient Egyptian artifacts that were discovered in the home of famous Egyptologist Sir William Petrie. The artifacts are believed to be the ultimate proof of alien contact and are said to rewrite not only Ancient Egyptian history but the history of the entire planet. Like many other ‘controversial objects’ these mysterious artifacts were also kept a secret.
So, where do we start?
A YouTube video posted by Paranormal Cruciblepurports to show alleged ancient Egyptian artifacts and sculptures which were found at the Giza plateau. These items were reportedly taken away from Petrie’s home in Jerusalem by ‘officials belonging to the Rockefeller Archaeological Museum’ after the discovery was made reports popular UFO portal UFO Sightings Daily.
The reports of the alleged artifacts captured the internet as you would expect.
According to Intellihub News, the alleged ‘otherworldly’ artifacts were discovered in a secret room in the home of Sir William Petrie.
According to UFO researchers, among the artifacts were some that contained ‘otherworldly’ symbols.
It is sad that the renowned Egyptologist had found ultimate proof of alien life before he died in 1942, but instead of sharing the discovery, for some reasons he decided to hide the artifacts away in his home.
Now, according to reports, these items have been taken by the Rockefeller Museum and like many other discoveries that contradict mainstream history, these too could be hidden from society.
Interestingly, the Inquisitr decided to dig further and was able to confirm that the prestigious Petri Museum of Egyptian Archaeology has in their possession a grandiose collection of ancient Egyptian and Sudanese items which include ancient Egyptian “firsts,” such as the “oldest linen” and “oldest dress” from ancient Egypt (5,000 B.C.).
The Petri Museum also displays some of the earliest examples of Metallurgy in Ancient Egypt.
However, as the Inquisitr indicates they were NOT able to confirm that the museum has displayed ‘Alien Artifacts’ discovered in Egypt, nor recovered from a secret room in Petrie’s residence in Jerusalem.
But this may be because these items contradict history and mainstream beliefs say ufo researchers who believe in the story. Like many other things that go against the beliefs of mainstream scholars, these artifacts too have been locked away from society.
As always, sensational stories require sensational evidence.
According to the editor of Intellihub News, the Ancient Egyptian artifacts found in Petrie’s residence in Jerusalem directly link the ancient Egyptian civilization to an advanced civilization, not from Earth.
Among the artifacts –now in possession of the Rockefeller museum— are two alleged mummified bodies of approximately four feet in height. Some have even speculated that these mummified bodies could be the remains of ‘alien’ visitors.
According to reports from Intellihub News, the physical features of the alleged mummified bodies indicate their possible alien nature. According to the editor of the website, the anomalous skeletons have “stereotypical alien “elongated heads, large eye sockets, and long spiral arms.”
But as if the mummified bodies weren’t enough, it is said that among the artifacts were “highly advanced” mechanical devices and a golden spherical object with strange writings.
Intellihub News’ editor indicates that the high-tech devices have “an intricate mechanism which is surrounded by gold spiral tubing that has several small gold orbs and crosses attached to it.” Is it possible that the alleged artifacts are part of ‘interstellar navigational devices’?
Intellihub News points towards Abydos and the temple built by Seti I, and his son Ramses II, where we can observe the so-called Flying machines of Abydos.
There, we are able to ‘spot’ what seem to be representations of modern day vehicles like Helicopters, submarines, and aircraft.
The only problem is that these inscriptions are believed to be thousands of years old.
Scientists believe these are not aircraft but the result of a psychological phenomenon called pareidolia.
However, there are more mysteries when it comes to Ancient Egypt and Aliens.
But is it just because we would love to find a connection between one of the greatest civilizations to inhabit Earth and alien visitors?
Well, it is a possibility, but there are more interesting details worth looking at.
An Ancient Egyptian text called the Tulli Papyrus mentions a fascinating story during the reign of Thutmose III when an alleged mass UFO sighting occurred over ancient Egypt.
The ancient text reads (translated):
“In the year 22, of the third month of winter, sixth hour of the day […] among the scribes of the House of Life it was found that a strange Fiery Disk was coming in the sky. It had no head. The breath of its mouth emitted a foul odor.
Its body was one rod in length and one rod in width. It had no voice. It came toward His Majesty’s house. Their heart became confused through it, and they fell upon their bellies. They [went] to the king, to report it. His Majesty [ordered that] the scrolls [located] in the House of Life be consulted. His Majesty meditated on all these events which were now going on.
After several days had passed, they became more numerous in the sky than ever. They shined in the sky more than the brightness of the sun, and extended to the limits of the four supports of heaven […] Powerful was the position of the Fiery Disks.
The army of the King looked on, with His Majesty in their midst. It was after the evening meal when the Disks ascended even higher in the sky to the south. Fish and other volatiles rained down from the sky: a marvel never before known since the foundation of the country. And His Majesty caused incense to be brought to appease the heart of Amun-Re, the god of the Two Lands. And it was [ordered] that the event [be recorded for] His Majesty in the Annals of the House of Life [to be remembered] for ever.”
Ons sterrenstelsel zit mogelijk vol met buitenaardse micromachines. Zo kunnen we ze spotten
Ons sterrenstelsel zit mogelijk vol met buitenaardse micromachines. Zo kunnen we ze spotten
In 2015 suggereerden astronomen dat het vreemde gedrag van de ster KIC 8462852, beter bekend als Tabby’s ster, verklaard zou kunnen worden door een Dysonbol, een buitenaardse megastructuur.
Uit het nieuwste onderzoek blijkt dat de helderheidsdipjes van de ster waarschijnlijk worden veroorzaakt door een exomaan.
Alienjagers hebben nu hun hoop gevestigd op zogeheten von Neumann-sondes, vernoemd naar wiskundige John von Neumann.
Kopieën
Von Neumann-sondes zijn ruimteschepen die aliens in staat stellen om de ruimte vanaf hun thuisplaneet te verkennen.
Deze sondes vliegen door de ruimte en maken daarbij kopieën van zichzelf, waardoor ze exponentieel toenemen in aantal en steeds grotere gebieden kunnen verkennen.
Je kunt je afvragen waarom we ze dan nog niet hebben waargenomen.
Piepklein
In een paper op preprintserver arXiv stelt astrofysicus Zaza Osmanov van de Vrije Universiteit van Tbilisi in Georgië nu dat deze machines waarschijnlijk piepklein zijn, ongeveer een nanometer lang.
Deze microscopische ruimteschepen hebben maar weinig materiaal nodig om zichzelf te kopiëren en daarnaast kunnen ze zich voortbewegen door middel van waterstofatomen in interstellaire stofwolken.
Zichtbaar
Volgens Osmanov zijn alleen mega-zwermen von Neumann-sondes zichtbaar voor ons, als we tenminste met een infraroodtelescoop in de juiste richting kijken.
Deze nanomachines lichten namelijk op als ze in contact komen met protonen, stelt de astrofysicus.
Nanoscale alien robots could be a thing. Barry Keily reports.
With the exception of folk in America's agricultural states, the search for Alien life has so far turned up no evidence - but it doesn't stop people theorising.
COLIN ANDERSON PRODUCTIONS PTY LTD
It has long been an unspoken tenet of astrobiology that in the absence of confirmed alien technologies it’s necessary to imagine some.
This is far from a frivolous pursuit. Rather, it is an attempt to resolve one of the more baffling aspects of human existence, generally summed up as the Fermi Paradox.
In 1950 the famous nuclear physicist Enrico Fermi came up with an interesting point. Given the size and age of the Milky Way, he said, any alien civilisation just a bit cleverer than humanity should by now have had ample time to explore and colonise all of it.
Why, then, with the obvious exception of a couple of dozen befuddled folk in America’s more agricultural states, has no one ever seen evidence thereof?
Scanning the skies for the sounds of extraterrestrial radio broadcasts – the basis of the long-running Search for Extra Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) project – has thus far turned up squat. Other research avenues, at least since Fermi’s implicit challenge, have focussed on the search for technological evidence.
If ET is out there, the logic runs, she or he or it must have somehow arrived wherever there is, and must be somehow surviving – and for those things to happen, some type of whizzbang alien machinery must be involved.
All that has to be done, therefore, is work out a way to detect the tech, which is not easy when the object of any such search is completely unknown.
This has led to some not entirely fanciful imagining. Flying saucers were an early example, although, despite attempts to build them here on Earth, the engineering challenges inherent in the design appear fatal.
Dyson spheres were, and remain, a much stronger candidate. Named after the man who thought of them in 1960, English mathematician and physicist Freeman Dyson, these bits of mega-kit comprise enormous energy-absorbing panels placed around entire stars.
An artists illustration of a Dyson sphere.
MARC WARD/STOCKTREK IMAGES
Each sphere, the theory goes, could capture, convert and transmit enough energy to power a far-flung galactic empire. Speculation grew over the past couple of years that an actual alien Dyson sphere had been located.
Such a thing, astronomers suggested in 2015, would explain the eccentric light variations observed in a star classified as KIC 8462852, but better known as Tabby’s Star.
The most recent research, sadly for enthusiasts, suggests that the irregular and sudden dimming of KIC 8462852 is most likely caused by a rogue exomoon – otherwise known as a ploonet – getting in the way.
Hope, however, springs eternal for extraterrestrial tech hunters, and the other best-favoured hypothetical example is known as a von Neumann probe, named after a mathematician called John von Neumann, who came up with the idea.
These hypothetical machines overcome one of the principle objections to Fermi’s Paradox – that it assumes ET would actually want to physically colonise the galaxy. Von Neumann probes allow aliens to explore across vast distances while staying at home.
Essentially, they are self-replicating devices that whizz off and then make copies of themselves, thus rapidly – indeed, exponentially – increasing in numbers and range.
In terms of Fermi’s notion, however, von Neumann probes simply kick the can further down the road. The idea might explain why humans have never seen an alien, but fails to explain why it has never seen an alien machine.
Objections to the probe idea come in several forms. The machines would need materials to build their doppelgangers, some researchers note, and there may simply be not enough well-placed asteroids or rocky planets to allow this to happen often enough.
Others cite evolutionary theory. As the probes make copies of codes needed for them to operate, mistakes are bound to occur. Some probes might thus turn into predators, hunting and destroying others, or perhaps at a particular point in time, the accumulated errors render most of them dysfunctional.
Recently, however, the idea has been tweaked, because, well, of course it has.
In a paper lodged on the preprint site arxiv, astrophysicist Zaza Osmanov of the Free University of Tbilisi in Georgia suggests that theorists have been thinking about von Neumann probes at entirely the wrong scale.
Using some very detailed calculations, Osmanov concludes that the probe idea works best if the machines are microscopic – about one nanometre long.
At that size, he notes, they would not require the substantial resources of rocky planets to reproduce, but could instead power up using hydrogen atoms whirling around in the interstellar dust. He calculates that this is altogether more efficient and much, much faster, with replications happening in a matter of a few years rather than the rather longer timescales thought necessary for macro-scale machines.
Furthermore, nano von Neumanns would very quickly – at least on galactic timescales – become very numerous. Osmanov estimates that by the time descendants of an initial population of 100 had travelled one parsec – about four light years – they would number roughly 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 (or 1 x 1033).
And that sort of mega-swarm, he suggests, might make them visible, if only someone was looking in the right direction. The nano machines, he says, by encountering and collecting protons, would produce luminous emissions.
Each individual emission would be tiny, but collectively they would add up to something observable, given that the mature von Neumann swarm, assuming they are in a level formation and comprise a “wave” at their leading edge, would collectively have the “typical mass of a comet having a length scale of several kilometres”.
At least in the infrared part of the spectrum, Osmanov calculates, that constitutes a target worth looking for.
“All the aforementioned results indicate that if one detects a strange object with extremely high values of luminosity increment, that might be a good sign to place the object in the list of extraterrestrial Von-Neumann probe candidates,” he concludes.
(It is also possible, of course, referencing Douglas Adams’ Hitchhiker books, that a huge and tightly packed swarm of nano von Neumanns has already swooped down through the atmosphere to take a closer look at Earth, only to be swallowed by a yawning dog.)
NASA's Curiosity Mars rover may have just captured a snapshot of the Red Planet's long-ago Great Drying.
Curiosity has detected relatively high levels of sulfate salts in the rocks of Gale Crater, a new study reports. Gale hosted a lake-and-stream system in the ancient past, and the newfound salts were likely concentrated by evaporation during a period of low water levels, researchers said.
This period may have been part of a normal cyclical fluctuation, a regular climatic change perhaps driven by recurring shifts in Mars' axial tilt or orbital parameters. "Alternatively, a drier Gale lake might be a sign of long-term, secular global drying of Mars, posited based on orbital observations," the scientists wrote in the new study, which was published online today (Oct. 7) in the journal Nature Geoscience.
Mars was once a relatively warm and wet world, complete with rivers and lakes and, most researchers believe, an ocean covering a large swath of the planet's northern hemisphere.
But things began to change around 4.2 billion years ago. Mars lost its global magnetic field, which had protected the planet's atmosphere from the solar wind, the stream of charged particles flowing continuously from the sun.
As a result, Mars lost the vast majority of its air to space by about 3.7 billion years ago, causing the planet to become much colder and drier. Today, Mars' air is just 1% as dense as Earth's atmosphere at sea level. (Luckily for us, Earth still has its global magnetic field.)
This NASA animation shows salty ponds and streams that scientists think may have been left behind as Gale Crater, home of the Curiosity rover, dried out over time. The crater's floor is seen at bottom of this image, with a central peak at left..
(Image credit: ASU Knowledge Enterprise Development (KED), Michael Northrop)
The Curiosity rover is helping scientists better understand the Red Planet's history, including its dramatic transformation.
The car-size rover landed inside the 96-mile-wide (154 kilometers) Gale Crater in August 2012, tasked primarily with assessing the area's past habitability. Curiosity quickly found lots of evidence of long-ago liquid water. Indeed, the mission team has determined that Gale's floor is an ancient lake bed, and that the area could have supported Earth-like life for long stretches — perhaps hundreds of millions of years at a time — in the ancient past.
In September 2014, Curiosity reached the base of Mount Sharp, the bizarre, 3.4-mile-high (5.5 km) mountain that rises from Gale's center. The rover has been climbing the mountain's foothills ever since, examining younger and younger sediments as it goes. And that brings us to the new study.
The researchers analyzed measurements Curiosity made while exploring the upper Murray Formation, an assemblage of exposed sedimentary rock near Mount Sharp's base thought to be 3.3 billion to 3.7 billion years old.
They found that these rocks are strongly enriched in sulfate salts — much more so than the deposits Curiosity had previously examined on the crater floor. (Those older rocks indicated an aqueous environment with water so fresh it was probably drinkable, mission team members have said.)
"Bulk enrichments" of calcium sulfate are widespread through about 500 feet (150 m) of the Murray Formation, the new study reports, while nuggets of high magnesium sulfate concentration speckle a thinner section of rock layers.
These salts were probably deposited along the margins of the Gale Crater basin, where the water was shallow. The deposits may trace back to multiple ponds on the fringes of the central lake, the researchers said.
Still, these salty ponds may have been habitable, the researchers added, noting that hypersaline lakes here on Earth teem with life. Indeed, the nature of the detected salts is intriguing from an astrobiological point of view.
"Sulfur is a basic element for life," study lead author William Rapin, a planetary scientist at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, told Space.com. "And we show that there was sulfate available in the water."
This animation shows a proposed route for NASA's Curiosity rover, which is climbing lower Mount Sharp on Mars. The annotated version of the map labels different regions that scientists working with the rover would like to explore in coming years.
Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ESA/University
of Arizona/JHUAPL/MSSS/USGS Astrogeology Science Center.
It's possible that the Gale Crater lake system was drying out for good around the time these salty deposits were laid down, Rapin said.
"Maybe habitable environments had started to become niche," he said. "Maybe large regions of Mars were already too arid."
But there's also that other possibility — that Mars was in a temporary dry spell but would become wet again when its axis of rotation, or its orbital eccentricity, changed.
Curiosity's work could soon help solve this mystery. Mars orbiters have detected sulfate salts higher up on Mount Sharp. Curiosity is making its way toward those deposits and should start encountering them in the next year or two, if all goes according to plan, Rapin said. (The newfound salt deposits were not spotted by Mars orbiters.)
What the rover finds there, and along the way, should help researchers piece together the evolution of the Gale Crater lake system, he added.
"We know we're going to have an answer — maybe a big answer — about what happened next, including with the sulfate deposits, in the years to come," Rapin said.
Mike Wall's book about the search for alien life, "Out There" (Grand Central Publishing, 2018; illustrated byKarl Tate), is out now. Follow him on Twitter @michaeldwall. Follow us on Twitter@Spacedotcom orFacebook.
The Mystery Behind What Caused the Tunguska Explosion May Have Been Solved
The Mystery Behind What Caused the Tunguska Explosion May Have Been Solved
Russian scientists believe that a piece of decorative glass that sat in the bottom of a schoolteacher’s fish tank for the past 35 years might have been a part of the meteor that caused the Tunguska event, a multi-megaton explosion that occurred over Russia’s remote Tunguska region in 1908. If this proves to be true, the sparkling meteorite fragment could hold the key to unraveling the 111-year-old mystery of what caused the massive blast over Siberia.
The meteorite in question was discovered by the husband of schoolteacher Lidiya Korshunova in the early 1980s, while on a hike with friends celebrating his birthday. Korshunova’s husband happened upon the translucent green stone, assuming it to be an artificial piece of glass discarded from one of the mines in the region. Along with another, similar stone, it wound up as a decoration in the family fish tank, where the stones sat for the next 35 years.
After reading the papers of Soviet mineralogist and geochemist Vladimir Vernadsky, Korshunova, herself a historian and geologist, began to suspect that there was more to the translucent stones adorning her fish tank than previously assumed, especially considering that the area where they were found—deep in the taiga on the banks of the Krasnoyarsk region’s Metlyakovka River—was rich in precious stones such as emeralds. Consulting with experts in Moscow, it was discovered that the strange stone wasn’t an emerald, but it was indeed extremely strange.
The material making up the stone was indeed glass, but it was no ordinary industrial slag: once analyzed, the piece was found to be 7.5 times richer in nickel, 6 times in copper, 20 times in zinc, 3 times in cobalt, 3 times in titanium, and had 40 times more chrome than what would be found in ordinary, man-made glass. This finding ruled out the possibility that the glass that made up this stone was artificial in origin.
However, similar compositions have been found in glassy tektites—blobs of glass formed by the heat of meteorite impacts—a connection that has led former chief specialist for the Russian Space Agency, Evgeny Dmitriev, to speculate that the glassy rock might have been an orbital travelling companion of the Tunguska meteor which exploded over Siberia on 30 June 1908. Indeed, much smaller, albeit similar, stones with identical compositions have been found around the epicenter of the Tunguska explosion, a blast that flattened more than 2,000 square kilometers (770 square miles) of taiga, the type of forest that grows in the remote Siberian region.
“The scientists were able to conclude that these stones are part of the Tunguska meteorite, because the chemical elements that were in the area of Tunguska are almost entirely in line with our stones,” Korshunova said in an interview with the Russian RT Network. She went on to say that an unnamed institute offered to buy her stones, but she declined, because “this stone is priceless, because it has no analogues in Russia.”
We've Got New Photos of That Weird Substance China Found on The Moon
VICTOR TANGERMANN, FUTURISM
China's Yutu-2 lunar lander just sent back new images of a strange substance it found near a small crater on the far side of the Moon.
Last month, the team behind the lunar rover claimed it had found a "colored mysterious substance" as described in the rover's diary, which claimed that the material's "shape and color is significantly different from the surrounding lunar soil."
A new post released by the team over the weekend shows new images of the strange substance — though it's unfortunately located in the middle of a crater, making it difficult to reach.
(CNSA/CLEP)
The images were taken by the rover's obstacle-avoidance camera, which makes sure the rover doesn't bump into anything. The red and green shapes in the image above are most likely artifacts of the rover's Visible and Near-Infrared Spectrometer, Space.com reports.
(CNSA/CLEP)
So what is it? The best guess we have so far is that it's a piece of lunar glass that formed during a meteor impact.
It's likely that the Chinese researchers will release more images and spectrometer readings of the mysterious substance in the future.
It will have to — at the very least — wait for the Sun to rise again to continue its investigation. And that's roughly a week from now.
This article was originally published by Futurism. Read the original article.
We haven't seen scenes like this because space travel is harder than it looks
(Image: Getty)
Where is everybody? The question, famously asked by pioneering nuclear physicist Enrico Fermi, is one that many people have wondered about at one point or another.
Our planet is teeming with life. Even in the most inhospitable environments; deep underground, in the depths of freezing Antarctic lakes, life will always find a way.
But as yet there is no hard evidence of life anywhere else in the universe.
SETI started actively searching for aliens in 1984
(Image: Getty)
Unless Copernicus was wrong, the Earth is not special. There are planets just like ours scattered throughout the Universe.
Even if breaking the light speed barrier is completely impossible, and there isn’t an interstellar empire thriving somewhere in our galaxy, we should be able to perceive the signs of alien megastructures and listen in on extraterrestrial communications.
Why not?
Statistically, the Universe should be teeming with life(Image: Getty)
Some theorists have suggested that there is a "Great Filter" that most habitable planets don’t make it through: either a purely biological one like the transition from single-celled to multicellular life, or a more technical one, like the difficulty of sustaining an industrial civilisation without succumbing to runaway climate change.
But maybe the answer to that question is simpler than that. Maybe we’re just looking in the wrong places.
We have already detected a number of ocean worlds, where the surface is either mostly or completely covered with water.
Enceladus, a moon orbiting Saturn, is thought to have a vast ocean beneath its icy 'shell'(Image: Getty)
NASA’s Alan Stern thinks that water worlds would provide the kind of stable environment that intelligent life would thrive in: shielded from radiation and all but the biggest asteroid impacts, undersea life could evolve in peace.
"Impacts and solar flares, and nearby supernovae, and what orbit you're in, and whether you have a magnetosphere, and whether there's a poisonous atmosphere — none of those things matter," he told Space.com.
Despite widespread rumours, no hard evidence of alien visitors has ever been produced(Image: Getty)
But that liquid "suit of armour" is also a prison. "If they have technology, and let's say they're broadcasting, or they have city lights or whatever — we can't see it in any part of the spectrum, except maybe very-low-frequency [radio]," he said.
Stern, who works on NASA’s long-range New Horizons space probe, adds that intelligent sea creatures would naturally have less interest in the stars than us, and their spacecraft – filled as they would be with water – would be very heavy and hard to launch.
It would be even harder to get off the ground if you lived on a Super-Earth.
Inhabitants of Super-Earths would need something more than a regular rocket(Image: Getty)
Super-Earths – rocky planets with a mass between two and ten times that of Earth – appear to be very common in the Universe.
Since first being discovered in 1992, many more have been identified. Of the 1,000 or so exoplanets so far mapped, over 300 of them are Super-Earths.
Many of these are in what scientists consider to be the "Goldilocks Zone" of their parent star – not too hot and not too cold for liquid water: and therefore candidates for life.
Since the launch of the Kepler telescope over 1,000 exoplanets have been discovered(Image: Getty)
Not only habitable, they could be "super-habitable" with denser atmospheres providing better shielding against cosmic menaces such as asteroids and solar flares.
"On more-massive planets, spaceflight would be exponentially more expensive," says astronomer Michael Hippke. "Such civilisations would not have satellite TV, a moon mission or a Hubble Space Telescope.”
He says that humans are very lucky to live on a comparatively "lightweight" planet with a gravitational pull that’s weak enough to escape.
"Other civilisations, if they exist,” he says “might not be as lucky."
Other intelligent aliens could be 'trapped' on their worlds(Image: Getty)
To launch a 1 tonne satellite from Kepler-20b (a Super-Earth about 1.87 times Earth's radius and 9.7 times its mass), a conventional-fuel rocket would need to be about 3 times the size of the Saturn V that carried Neil Armstrong and his crew to the Moon – a payload of around 45 tonnes.
If our imaginary Super-Earth dwellers actually wanted to stage their own equivalent of the Apollo programme, they’d need a rocket in the region of 400,000 metric tons, or roughly the size of the Great Pyramid of Giza.
In a paper published in the International Journal of Astrobiology, Dr Hippke drily notes that a pyramid-sized rocket "is probably a realistic limit for chemical rockets regarding cost constraints."
Until we actually find extraterrestrial life we won’t know.
But as author and satellite communications pioneer Arthur C Clarke pointed out: “Two possibilities exist: either we are alone in the Universe or we are not. Both are equally terrifying.”
As the northern lights danced and glowed in the night sky this past Labor Day weekend, skywatchers in places like Alaska and Canada may have spotted a rose-tinted streak amidst the dazzling display. But this pink-ish ribbon isn't an aurora — it's STEVE!
STEVE (the Strong Thermal Emissions Velocity Enhancement) is a spectacular and colorful celestial phenomenon that was first spotted 2016. Scientists have studied the particles associated with STEVE for decades, but only recently have they witnessed the phenomenon in the sky. This past summer, a research team led by University of Calgary researcher D.M. Gillies confirmed that, despite its colorful appearance, STEVE isn't a type of aurora but something entirely unique.
In May, researchers confirmed that STEVE is not an aurora. But this new research expands our understanding of the strange phenomenon even further.
"The big thing is, we can clearly say now it's [a] not regular aurora," study co-author Don Hampton, a researcher at the University of Alaska Fairbanks, said in a statement. "It's a new phenomenon; that's pretty exciting."
One characteristic that distinguishes STEVE is its mauve hues, which are different from the typically green, purple, blue and yellow beams of auroras. Additionally, STEVE is visible from latitudes much farther south than auroras usually are.
The researchers used a spectrograph, which they built at the Geophysical Institute at the University of Alaska Fairbanks, to study the light coming from STEVE which they observed on April 10, 2018 at Lucky Lake in Saskatchewan, Canada. They analyzed its emissions to determine its wavelengths, patterns and other properties. A spectrum acts as an identifier, so by determining STEVE's spectrum, the team hopes to further understand and categorize the phenomenon.
"We need to understand what the spectrum looks like and therefore understand the physics behind it," Hampton said in the statement.
Alberta Aurora Chasers captured STEVE in April in British Columbia, Canada. STEVE is the narrow ribbon of white-purple hues overhead, and the vibrant green light on the right is an aurora located further north.
Green optical structures, often described as "picket fence" structures because of their distinctive shape, can be seen jutting through STEVE at lower altitudes, and in studying the wavelengths of the emissions from STEVE and these green structures, the team found that the green emissions have a much different spectrum from STEVE.
The team determined that the green columns which appear alongside STEVE are caused by particle precipitation, which occurs when energetic particles like electrons, protons, neutrons and ions are accelerated through the atmosphere. This makes these green streaks a type of aurora very similar to a typical auroral structure. However, because they have a very different spectrum, STEVE is in a category of its own, the researchers concluded.
"When we looked at the spectrum of STEVE, it had none of those distinct wavelengths … Instead, it's a very broad band of light," Hampton said in the statement. "When you turn your electric stove on, those coils get red hot, right? If you look at it with a spectrograph, you would see broadband emissions … So this is like very, very warm atmosphere emissions of some sort."
Scientists will continue to study STEVE, what exactly it is and what causes it. Understanding STEVE is more than just an important scientific pursuit, however. Phenomena in the atmosphere can disrupt radio communications between spacecraft and humans back on Earth, so understanding this strange, pink phenomenon could have immediate, practical applications.
This research was published in a study in the journal Geophysical Research Letters.
NASA satellite spots a mysterious green light that quickly disappeared
NASA satellite spots a mysterious green light that quickly disappeared
A green space blob flashed into existence and then... it was gone.
NASA's NuSTAR X-ray observatory has spotted something a little weird. While imaging the Fireworks galaxy, NuSTAR spotted several mysterious bright sources of X-ray light, appearing as green and blue spots. Within days, the blobs had disappeared.
The main goal of the NuSTAR observations was to examine a supernova -- a huge star explosion. The green blob, known as an ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX), shown at the bottom of the galaxy in the image above didn't appear during the first observation, but showed up during a second one 10 days later. Another space telescope, NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, then looked again and found the object, ULX-4, had quickly disappeared.
"Ten days is a really short amount of time for such a bright object to appear," Hannah Earnshaw, a postdoctoral researcher at Caltech and lead author on the study, said in a statement. "Usually with NuSTAR, we observe more gradual changes over time, and we don't often observe a source multiple times in quick succession. In this instance, we were fortunate to catch a source changing extremely quickly, which is very exciting."
It's possible the light was from a black hole consuming another object like a star, the study suggests. When objects get too close to a black hole, they can get torn apart by gravity, and their debris is pulled into a close orbit around the black hole. Material at the disk's inner edge moves so quickly that it "heats up to millions of degrees and radiates X-rays," NASA says. For reference, the surface of the sun is around 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit.
Most ULXs last for a long time because they're formed by dense objects like black holes that "feed" on a star for a long time. Short-lived X-ray sources like this ULX aren't as common, so its appearance could be explained by a scenario such as a black hole quickly destroying a small star.
There could be other possible explanations for the green blob's appearance. The study's authors suggest its source could be a neutron star, which is an extremely dense object created from the explosion of a star that wasn't big enough to create a black hole. The mass of a neutron star is similar to that of the sun, but it's only around the size of a large city. Therefore, neutron stars can pull in material and cause debris to move really quickly in a disk, similar to a black hole. These can create slow-feeding ultraluminous X-ray sources, but the processes that make the X-ray light differ slightly from those in ULXs formed by black holes.
Neutron stars can create strong magnetic fields that form "columns" and take material to the surface. In the process, they generate strong X-rays. However, if the star is spinning super-fast, material can't reach the surface and create these X-ray bursts. It's kind of like an invisibility cloak -- astronomers can't see the neutron star's X-ray signature. But if material does somehow sneak through, the invisibility cloak fails. That could explain why ULX-4 quickly appeared and then disappeared.
"This result is a step towards understanding some of the rarer and more extreme cases in which matter accretes onto black holes or neutron stars," Earnshaw said in the statement.
Behold: the most powerful searchlights in the universe.
BILL SAXTON, NRAO/AUI/NSF
So in the middle of the 20th century, after we first invented radio telescopes, we found all sorts of surprises. It turns out that the universe is pretty loud, full of all kinds of interesting radio sources. Some of them were familiar, and some of them were quite odd. As you can imagine, it was a pretty exciting time to be a radio astronomer.
Out in the middle of the English countryside, two particularly excited people were Antony Hewish and his grad student Jocelyn Bell Burnell. They were hunting for quasars, relatively new characters on the astronomical scene, which were at the very at the time poorly understood. All we knew then is that they were very loud radio sources and very far away.
In their hunt for quasars they instead found something absolutely remarkable and unprecedented in the history of astronomy: they found a single source in the sky that flashed. Perfectly. Every 1.33 seconds. This source, whatever it was, pulsed a burst of radio energy. And then turned off. And then did it again, exactly 1.33 seconds later
It was astounding. How could something in nature produce something so regular and periodic?
Hewish and Burnell didn't really believe that they had found evidence for an extraterrestrial alien civilization, but you never know, right? As an "inside joke" within the community they dubbed this source LGM-1. That stands for Little Green Men (and the first such one to be encountered).
Whatever it was, there was a lot of excitement around it. But once another similar source was discovered on the opposite side of the sky, and then another, and then another, and then another, astronomers sadly put away the LGM moniker. They got a new name: pulsars, short for pulsating quasar. It turns out that pulsars have absolutely nothing to do with quasars, but you can't fault astronomers in the 1960s for not really knowing what was going on. Especially after coming off the high of potentially finding alien life.
The theoretically minded folks in the community quickly devised a solution to explain their behavior. They had known for some time of a hypothetical object called a neutron star, formed when a massive star dies and compresses its core down to crushing extremes. At the time they were just hypothetical objects, but the pulsar provided a way to test if they were real.
Because of their extreme gravity coupled with extreme electric and magnetic fields, these neutron stars could rotate up to incredible speeds and shoot out jets of radiation from their poles. These jets sweep around like a lighthouse, with the Earth sometimes getting caught in the blast. From our perspective we won't see the beam all the time, just a brief flash as the it washes over us.
A pulsar.
One of the most extreme, exotic objects in the known universe. Second only to - and perhaps exceeding - the strangeness of black holes themselves. The odd, repeating signal Burnell and Hewitt found in the 1960s wasn't an alien, but it just might be more fascinating after all.
We humans can now peer back into the virtual origin of our universe. We have learned much about the laws of nature that control its seemingly infinite celestial bodies, their evolution, motions and possible fate. Yet, equally remarkable, we have no generally accepted information as to whether other life exists beyond us, or whether we are, as was Samuel Coleridge’s Ancient Mariner, “alone, alone, all, all alone, alone on a wide wide sea!” We have made only one exploration to solve that primal mystery. I was fortunate to have participated in that historic adventure as experimenter of the Labeled Release (LR) life detection experiment on NASA’s spectacular Viking mission to Mars in 1976.
On July 30, 1976, the LR returned its initial results from Mars. Amazingly, they were positive. As the experiment progressed, a total of four positive results, supported by five varied controls, streamed down from the twin Viking spacecraft landed some 4,000 miles apart. The data curves signaled the detection of microbial respiration on the Red Planet. The curves from Mars were similar to those produced by LR tests of soils on Earth. It seemed we had answered that ultimate question.
When the Viking Molecular Analysis Experiment failed to detect organic matter, the essence of life, however, NASA concluded that the LR had found a substance mimicking life, but not life. Inexplicably, over the 43 years since Viking, none of NASA’s subsequent Mars landers has carried a life detection instrument to follow up on these exciting results. Instead the agency launched a series of missions to Mars to determine whether there was ever a habitat suitable for life and, if so, eventually to bring samples to Earth for biological examination.
NASA maintains the search for alien life among its highest priorities. On February 13, 2019, NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine said we might find microbial life on Mars. Our nation has now committed to sending astronauts to Mars. Any life there might threaten them, and us upon their return. Thus, the issue of life on Mars is now front and center.
Life on Mars seemed a long shot. On the other hand, it would take a near miracle for Mars to be sterile. NASA scientist Chris McKay once said that Mars and Earth have been “swapping spit” for billions of years, meaning that, when either planet is hit by comets or large meteorites, some ejecta shoot into space. A tiny fraction of this material eventually lands on the other planet, perhaps infecting it with microbiological hitch-hikers. That some Earth microbial species could survive the Martian environment has been demonstrated in many laboratories. There are even reports of the survival of microorganisms exposed to naked space outside the International Space Station (ISS).
NASA’s reservation against a direct search for microorganisms ignores the simplicity of the task accomplished by Louis Pasteur in 1864. He allowed microbes to contaminate a hay-infusion broth, after which bubbles of their expired gas appeared. Prior to containing living microorganisms, no bubbles appeared. (Pasteur had earlier determinted that heating, or pasteurizing, such a substance would kill the microbes.) This elegantly simple test, updated to substitute modern microbial nutrients with the hay-infusion products in Pasteur’s, is in daily use by health authorities around the world to examine potable water. Billions of people are thus protected against microbial pathogens.
This standard test, in essence, was the LR test on Mars, modified by the addition of several nutrients thought to broaden the prospects for success with alien organisms, and the tagging of the nutrients with radioactive carbon. These enhancements made the LR sensitive to the very low microbial populations postulated for Mars, should any be there, and reduced the time for detection of terrestrial microorganisms to about one hour. But on Mars, each LR experiment continued for seven days. A heat control, similar to Pasteur’s, was added to determine whether any response obtained was biological or chemical.
The Viking LR sought to detect and monitor ongoing metabolism, a very simple and fail-proof indicator of living microorganisms. Several thousand runs were made, both before and after Viking, with terrestrial soils and microbial cultures, both in the laboratory and in extreme natural environments. No false positive or false negative result was ever obtained. This strongly supports the reliability of the LR Mars data, even though their interpretation is debated.
In her recent book To Mars with Love, my LR co-experimenter Patricia Ann Straat provides much of the scientific detail of the Viking LR at lay level. Scientific papers published about the LR are available on my Web site.
In addition to the direct evidence for life on Mars obtained by the Viking LR, evidence supportive of, or consistent with, extant microbial life on Mars has been obtained by Viking, subsequent missions to Mars, and discoveries on Earth:
Surface water sufficient to sustain microorganisms was found on Mars by Viking, Pathfinder, Phoenix and Curiosity;
Ultraviolet (UV) activation of the Martian surface material did not, as initially proposed, cause the LR reaction: a sample taken from under a UV-shielding rock was as LR-active as surface samples;
Complex organics, have been reported on Mars by Curiosity’s scientists, possibly including kerogen, which could be of biological origin;
Phoenix and Curiosity found evidence that the ancient Martian environment may have been habitable.
The excess of carbon-13 over carbon-12 in the Martian atmosphere is indicative of biological activity, which prefers ingesting the latter;
The Martian atmosphere is in disequilibrium: its CO2 should long ago have been converted to CO by the sun’s UV light; thus the CO2 is beingregenerated, possibly by microorganisms as on Earth;
Terrestrial microorganisms have survived in outer space outside the ISS;
Ejecta containing viable microbes have likely been arriving on Mars from Earth;
Methane has been measured in the Martian atmosphere; microbial methanogens could be the source;
The rapid disappearance of methane from the Martian atmosphere requires a sink, possibly supplied by methanotrophs that could co-exist with methanogens on the Martian surface;
Ghost-like moving lights, resembling will-O’-the-wisps on Earth that are formed by spontaneous ignition of methane, have been video-recorded on the Martian surface;
Formaldehyde and ammonia, each possibly indicative of biology, are claimed to be in the Martian atmosphere;
An independent complexity analysis of the positive LR signal identified it as biological;
Six-channel spectral analyses by Viking’s imaging system found terrestrial lichen and green patches on Mars rocks to have the identical color, saturation, hue and intensity;
A wormlike feature was in an image taken by Curiosity;
Large structures resembling terrestrial stromatolites (formed by microorganisms) were found by Curiosity; a statistical analysis of their complex features showed less than a 0.04 percent probability that the similarity was caused by chance alone;
No factor inimical to life has been found on Mars.
In summary, we have: positive results from a widely-used microbiological test; supportive responses from strong and varied controls; duplication of the LR results at each of the two Viking sites; replication of the experiment at the two sites; and the failure over 43 years of any experiment or theory to provide a definitive nonbiological explanation of the Viking LR results.
What is the evidence against the possibility of life on Mars? The astonishing fact is that there is none. Furthermore, laboratory studies have shown that some terrestrial microorganisms could survive and grow on Mars.
NASA has already announced that its 2020 Mars lander will not contain a life-detection test. In keeping with well-established scientific protocol, I believe an effort should be made to put life detection experiments on the next Mars mission possible. I and my co-experimenter have formally and informally proposed that the LR experiment, amended with an ability to detect chiral metabolism, be sent to Mars to confirm the existence of life: non-biological chemical reactions do not distinguish between “left-handed” and “right-handed” organic molecules, but all living things do.
Moreover, the Chiral LR (CLR) could confirm and extend the Viking LR findings. It could determine whether any life detected were similar to ours, or whether there was a separate genesis. This would be a fundamental scientific discovery in its own right. A small, lightweight CLR has already been designed and its principle verified by tests. It could readily be turned into a flight instrument.
Meanwhile a panel of expert scientists should review all pertinent data of the Viking LR together with other and more recent evidence concerning life on Mars. Such an objective jury might conclude, as I did, that the Viking LR did find life. In any event, the study would likely produce important guidance for NASA’s pursuit of its holy grail.
The views expressed are those of the author(s) and are not necessarily those of Scientific American.
Ex-NASA-wetenschapper: we hebben al leven gevonden op Mars. Dit is de smoking gun
Ex-NASA-wetenschapper: we hebben al leven gevonden op Mars. Dit is de smoking gun
Er zijn onderhand miljarden gespendeerd om antwoord te krijgen op één simpele vraag: is er leven op Mars?
Voormalig NASA-wetenschapper Gilbert Levin schrijft in een opiniestuk voor Scientific American dat we tijdens de Vikingmissie in 1976 al leven hebben ontdekt op de rode planeet.
NASA stuurde twee Vikinglanders naar Mars om experimenten uit te voeren.
Positief
De smoking gun volgens Levin: tijdens het experiment dat hij leidde werden tekenen van leven gevonden.
De lander vermengde bodemmateriaal met een oplossing bestaande uit voedingsstoffen.
Als er micro-organismen in de bodem zaten, dan zou er tijdens het experiment koolstofdioxide vrijkomen, zo was de gedachte.
Beide Marslanders testten positief op micro-organismen, aldus Levin.
Allerlei ontdekkingen
Maar volgens de NASA leverden andere experimenten ‘geen duidelijk bewijs op voor de aanwezigheid van levende micro-organismen in de bodem nabij de landingsplaatsen’.
Ook na de Vikingmissies zijn er allerlei ontdekkingen gedaan op Mars die wijzen op de aanwezigheid van leven, stelt Levin.
Wormen
Hij noemt onder meer de ontdekking van water, methaan, ammoniak en een soort ‘wormen’ die op foto’s van Marsrover Curiosity zijn te zien.
Levin benadrukt dat de NASA sinds de missies in 1976 verzuimd heeft om te zoeken naar direct bewijs voor buitenaards leven.
A large cluster of glowing lights was filmed over North Carolina’s largest coastal lagoon recently by a man who was traveling by ferry, sparking theories about the origin of the unusual glowing objects.
The observer, William Guy, was crossing Pamlico Sound via ferry from Ocracoke Village on North Carolina’s Outer Banks to Swan Quarters, according to the UFO Sightings Hotspot YouTube Channel, which featured Guy’s video of the objects. The incident occurred on September 18, 2019.
“Look, nothing in the sky, at all,” Guy can be heard saying as he pans the camera along the horizon, before framing the objects and asking, “Can anybody tell me what that is?”
The Daily Star added to the conspiracy speculation, quoting viewers online who advised that “Earth is under heavy observation,” implying that the objects were alien spacecraft.
So what were the objects?
In likelihood, the lights were nothing more than a military training operation being undertaken over the coast. As to the specific source of these lights, they appear to resemble chaff flares, a variety of countermeasure that is commonly used during training exercises, as can be seen in the video below:
According to a North Carolina Military Affairs Commission Map Atlas for 2016, much of the air space above the Outer Banks is a designated Protection Area for the Marine Corps, the primary use for which involves helicopter flight operations. “The Marine Corps has three bases along North Carolina’s southeastern coastline, and uses several auxiliary fields for flight operation training,” the Atlas states. “The Marines have two air stations in the area and helicopter training is a big part of their operations.”
More relevant to the observation of lights over Pamlico Sound, the Atlas further notes that, “The Marine Corps Protection Areas encompass several counties around the Pamlico and Neuse rivers and also includes some flight routes between the Marine bases and Raleigh, where some helicopter operations occur.” It notes that additional flight routes exist in the southern part of North Carolina, which are also included with the designated Protection Areas.
Incidentally, the lights over Pamlico Sound were filmed on the 72nd birthday of the U.S. Air Force, as it traditionally recognizes Sept. 18, 1947, as its birth date.
It is also worth noting that earlier in the month, the Army had announced it would be conducting a series of “unconventional warfare exercises” in 21 North Carolina counties. According to the Charlotte Observer, these operations are called Robin Sage training, which “can be likened to live-action role playing in the extreme, with hostile engagement playing out between Special Forces students, volunteer civilians and soldiers.”
However, these training exercises concluded on September 12, and appear to have been conducted mainly with civilians and soldiers on the ground, rather than by air. Nonetheless, this is further indication that the various branches of the military often do conduct training exercises that it sometimes deems “unconventional,” which may at times give rise to misinterpretation or confusion.
In the case of the lights filmed over Pamlico Sound, it’s all too tempting to speculate that we’re “seeing them aliens,” although the more likely cause is just another military exercise over one of the Marine Corps’ designated Protection Areas. Of course, that’s not to say that unusual things of the aerial variety don’t turn up in military airspace from time to time.
While the U.S. government seems to be preoccupied with tariffs on conventional Chinese goods, someone needs to be keeping an eye on that country’s future products. Why? Well, for one thing … it’s China, the country which put the first rover on the far side of the moon. When that country unveils a flying saucer it calls the Super Great White Shark … is it too late?
Could this be the future of air travel ?
Image Credit: Chinese Internet
“According to published technical data, the “Super Great White Shark” armed helicopter can carry 2 crew members, with a length of 7.6 meters, a height of 2.85 meters, a rotor diameter of 4.9 meters, a maximum takeoff weight of 6 tons, and a maximum flying speed of 650 thousand per hour. Meter, the practical ceiling is 6000 meters.”
Classic non-cake-pan flying saucer
The Chinese news source thepaper.cn reported on the 5th China Tianjin International Helicopter Expo held last week at the China Aviation Helicopter Industry Base of Tianjin Binhai New Area Airport Economic Zone under the headline: “”UFO” debut, “Super Great White Shark” armed helicopter.” Calling it a helicopter doesn’t change the obvious – it looks like a two-person flying saucer that would definitely be a UFO. OK, it’s more like a two-person flying cake pan (see it here and here), but perhaps that’s a diversionary tactic to make the rest of the world believe that China thinks a flying cake pan is a “Super Great White Shark.” In fact, thepaper.cn quotes an unnamed source who hints that there’s much more going on.
“At the moment, there are many different explorations for future helicopter designs, some of which are sci-fi, but this is not a slap in the air. This kind of exploration is beneficial.”
The Drive reports that helicopters are losing their usefulness over the battlefield – especially at high altitudes — and all of the superpowers are trying new designs to replace them. It also points out that the flying saucer design is not new (like the real Avro Canada VZ-9 Avrocar and the alleged Nazi flying saucers) but the technology of drones may finally be ready to upscale successfully … and be large enough and safe enough to accommodate human pilots.
But, but … it still looks like a flying cake pan! Or a flying robotic vacuum cleaner!
That may be why the Chinese are emphasizing the Super Great White Shark’s teeth (planned armaments include a 20mm automatic cannon, air-to-ground precision-guided munitions and air-to-air missiles) because it didn’t demonstrate its fins and tail (maximum altitude of 19,700 feet and top speed of 400 miles per hour). The prototype at the helicopter show did not get off the ground, even enough to make one think it’s just a sophisticated hovercraft – which it also looks like (see for yourself here).
As David Letterman might ask after reviewing the coverage of the “UFO” “Super Great White Shark,” is this anything?
It’s from China. You’d better believe it is. Will we find out if it’s a real flying saucer before it’s too late? That depends on whether the other superpowers develop one before China does. Could it already be operational somewhere? Perhaps that’s a question for the pilots from the USS Nimitz.
Elon Musk Says SpaceX Is Stil Building a Third Drone Ship – for Falcon or Starship?
Elon Musk Says SpaceX Is Still Building a Third Drone Ship – for Falcon or Starship?
Unprovoked on October 9th, SpaceX CEO Elon Musk tweeted “A Shortfall of Gravitas” – the name of a third drone ship settled on a year and a half ago – and reaffirmed that plans were still afoot to build a third rocket recovery vessel.
This is the first update on SpaceX’s newest drone ship in more than a year and comes just a few months after drone ship Just Read The Instructions (JRTI) – formerly stationed in California – was sent through the Panama Canal. News that A Shortfall of Gravitas (ASOG) is still in the works raises the questions: what’s the holdup and what role(s) will the new drone ship play in SpaceX’s rocket recovery fleet?
Back in July 2018 and just shy of half a year after ASOG’s development was revealed, CEO Elon Musk indicated that the drone ship could be completed and ready for recovery operations as early as “next summer”, or Q3 2019. Now two weeks into Q4 2019, this can be interpreted in several ways, with the most likely explanation being that SpaceX’s naval contractor of choice is running behind schedule while building the new drone ship.
That’s the simplest explanation and operates under the assumption that Musk’s February 2018 comments remain true, meaning that ASOG is first and foremost (if not entirely) meant to support dual side booster landings for future Falcon Heavy launches and an increased Falcon 9 flight rate. However, recent developments give reason to believe that this may no longer be the guiding motivation behind SpaceX’s construction of a new drone ship.
Most notably, over the last several months of 2019, it has become increasingly clear that SpaceX plans (or hopes) to shut down its West Coast Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) launch facilities for anywhere from 9 to 18 months. In just the last few days, word broke that Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS) believes that it will be able to open an East Coast polar launch corridor (essentially the same thing VAFB offers) just months from now, and SpaceX hopes to be its first user as soon as February 2020.
Along those lines, SpaceX took the step of sending West Coast drone ship JRTI on a several-week journey across the Panama Canal. The drone ship has since stopped in Louisiana for what is assumed to be maintenance and it remains unclear if JRTI will head to Port of Brownsville (Texas) to support Starship test flights or to Port Canaveral to essentially fill the role ASOG was initially meant to.
Major activity in Morgan City for Just Read the Instructions!
The cut-off wings have been lifted off of the droneship by a crane and are now sitting to the side.https://t.co/y7W4goawbI
After passing through the Panama Canal, JRTI headed East, only to stop in Morgan City, Louisiana for what is assumed to be maintenance and possible upgrades.
As such, it’s no longer clear if SpaceX actually has a need for ASOG, at least as it was described last year. If SpaceX is moving JRTI east for the indefinite future, OCISLY and JRTI could easily support the Falcon 9 launch rates needed for Starlink and dual Falcon Heavy side booster recoveries, although Falcon Heavy is not scheduled to fly again until late-2020.
This leaves one obvious option left to explain ASOG’s continued existence and delayed debut: SpaceX may have paused work for a variety of reasons and changed ASOG’s design to account for a new role in the recovery fleet. That new role would likely center around the extremely rapid progress SpaceX is making with Starship as it pursues a series of ambitious flight tests that could begin before the end of 2019.
Starship heads towards orbit atop a Super Heavy booster.
(SpaceX)
Of note, an August 2019 Draft Environmental Assessment (EA) of East Coast Starship launches revealed that SpaceX’s initially plans to land all Super Heavy boosters on a drone ship stationed a few miles off the Florida coast. Starship may also require drone ship landings in the early stages, at least until SpaceX is able to complete the environmental review and licensing process needed before it can begin to land Starship/Super Heavy at Pad 39A and Landing Zones 1 and 2.
For now, we’ll have to wait and see where drone ship JRTI heads after its Louisiana interlude and hopefully find out soon whether ASOG is a drone ship copy or something else entirely.
Check out Teslarati’s newsletters for prompt updates, on-the-ground perspectives, and unique glimpses of SpaceX’s rocket launch and recovery processes.
Mount Shasta is a very powerful beacon to the indigenous peoples of northern California and southern Oregon. It is also the rumored home of Bigfoot, citizens of Lemuria, The Great White Brotherhood, and regular UFO sightings.
Towering Mount Shasta is the prominent centerpiece of northern California, rising like a glimmering diamond in a field of evergreens. Mount Shasta is situated at the intersection of three western mountain ranges: the Sierra Nevada to the southeast, the Cascades extending north to British Columbia, and the western Klamath Range. At 14,162 feet (4,249 m), Shasta is the second highest of the Cascade Range volcanoes and is home to California’s five largest glaciers. Mount Shasta rises more than 10,000 feet (3,300 m) from its base, soaring abruptly over a landscape of relatively level ground. Because it is physically unconnected to any nearby mountain Shasta is visible for a hundred miles in all directions on a clear day. This cone-shaped stratovolcano is relatively young, as is evident by the lack of extensive glacial erosion. Tiny sulfur vents just below the summit suggest this dormant volcano is merely taking a geological nap. Long regarded as a place of intense energy, the “Gentile Giant” Mount Shasta possesses a visible and majestic presence. New Age mystics believe it represents our planet’s version of the human being’s first or root chakra, located near the base of our spine. This theory then expounds that the mountain connects to our collective survival.
Also included in the extensive list of Shasta mysteries are unexplained mound clusters at different locations around the mountain. Some mounds near Goose Lake were created by Ducks Unlimited for birds to nest, but others defy rationalization. Archaeologists and geologists are in stark disagreement with one another, each claiming the other must explain the mounds. Large boulders are oddly found at the top of some mounds, rather than rolling down over time by the forces of gravity. Many of the mounds do not show signs of deterioration or erosion. What’s more, no Native American group claims responsibility, nor do any such groups have a history of creating mounds in this part of the world. At a twin cluster of mounds near the small town of Tennant there are mounds surrounded by interconnected moats. Although the moats are usually dry it is clear that water somehow interacts with the two clusters. Seen from above, the Tennant Water Mounds take on the appearance of crop circles because of their unusual geometric shapes. Nature certainly does not create anything this perfect. It is possible that an eccentric rancher with a penchant for sacred geometry created the mounds with a bulldozer as a watering hole for his livestock. By why go to so much trouble? Those who believe in the underground city of Telos offer another explanation. When the dew point reaches an optimum level, the moats around the mounds are filled by a channel connecting to an underground water source. When filled, the water molecules are excited to the point that they can self-regulate the mounds by clearing the moats of any debris. Once in operation the water mounds serve the purpose of creating lenticular cloud cover for entering or exiting spacecraft. It wouldn’t be the most far out Shasta theory. After all, unexplained sightings of ape-men, UFOs and hooded phantoms are reported every year. Such stories only enhance the mystery and legend of this powerful mountain.
Brad Olsen is author of nine books including two in his Esoteric Series: “Modern Esoteric” and “Future Esoteric.” An award-winning author, book publisher and event producer, his keynote presentations and interviews have enlightened audiences at Contact in the Desert, Human Origins, UFO MegaCon, DisclosureCon, and dozens of radio (including Coast to Coast, Ground Zero, and Fade to Black) and television shows (including Ancient Aliens, America Unearthed, Beyond Belief, and Mysteries of the Outdoors). Brad is a founder and co-producer of the How Weird Street Faire in the SOMA neighborhood of his home-base San Francisco. The Chicago native’s esoteric writing continues to reach a wide audience while he continues breaking ground in alternative journalism, public speaking, illustration and photography.
Special Report: Clones (The Missing and the Human Genome Project)
Special Report: Clones (The Missing and the Human Genome Project)
This Report was only accomplished through my tireless efforts to uphold my indigenous rights and freedoms to practice my culture privately and unimpeded. – Sovereign Crown Denderah
(Note on LQ video: Those labels on the children in the playground were superimposed on to them. It was not on the original video. They are NOT Citizens. They Are Indigenous!)
The Human Genome Project (HGP) was the international, collaborative research program whose goal was the complete mapping and understanding of all the genes of human beings. All our genes together are known as our "genome."
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The Latest on Skinwalker Ranch, Nick Pope's Experience "Storming" Area 51 & More - Alien Con Dallas 2019
The Latest on Skinwalker Ranch, Nick Pope's Experience "Storming" Area 51 & More - Alien Con Dallas 2019
From the Vatican’s plans to baptize an alien to the infamous Element 115 that Bob Lazar claims to have discovered when he worked near Area 51, every interesting topic it seems was covered at Alien Con Dallas 2019. Highlights include Nick Pope’s experience “storming” Area 51, new investigations at Skinwalker Ranch, a debate between “Ancient Aliens” stars about Bob Lazar’s credibility, Giorgio Tsoukalous’ recent research into ocean mysteries, and more.
Here is an extraordinary UFO in the shape of a black heart found in an old Apollo photo. The UFO was discovered by Youtuber Terrys Theories, who finds some extraordinary eye popping UFOs. Back in 1969 it was a lot harder for them to edit these UFOs out, compounded with the fact that they probably were not even trained to look for them. Apollo evidence cannot be ignored. Scott Waring Terrys Theories States:
I found some strange objects in Apollo 10 photos in what appears to be in a low Earth orbit. The Apollo 10 mission launched on May 18th 1969 it had a three man crew Thomas P. Stafford Commander, John W. Young Command Module Pilot and Eugene A. Cernan. The mission was a dress rehearsal for the Apollo 11 mission to land on the moon.The crew of Apollo 10 had to go through all the procedures and test all the equipment for the upcoming Apollo 11 mission they did everything except for landing on the moon.
When looking at a Mars photo I found a long casket similar to what you will find here on Earth. Its a stone casket, much like the larger outer stone boxes for Egyptian golden sarcophagus. Has a top stone that is perfectly cut to match the lower case. The casket itself is about 2 meters across.
There are also a few other discoveries in this photo that are ancient statues with large faces on them. W hy did they make faces like theres? To show pride in their heritage most likely.
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13-10-2019
Archivist delighted to comb though mountain of late UFO researcher's records
Archivist delighted to comb through mountain of late UFO researcher's records
Stanton Friedman, who died in May, donated vast collection of research to provincial archives
A photo included in Stanton Friedman's records appears to show multiple unexplained objects floating above cows in a field. The late UFO researcher and nuclear physicist donated his records to the provincial archives.(Vanessa Vander Valk/CBC)
In the months leading up to his death, nuclear physicist and ufologist Stanton Friedman started donating his vast collection of records to the Provincial Archives of New Brunswick.
And he had a lot of records.
Archivist Joanna Aiton-Kerr said they've received about 300 boxes so far — that's about 60 metres if you line them up single file, she said — and she expects several more cargo vans to come.
But the daunting task of archiving the records has been anything but a hardship for her team, she said. It's a treasure trove that reflects a brilliant, curious mind, a thorough researcher and a funny, kind-hearted individual.
"This has been a real education for me, and I don't know if I've ever enjoyed helping to process something more than this one," Aiton-Kerr told Shift New Brunswick.
Stanton Friedman, famed UFOlogist, died in May at the age of 84. (Submitted/Melissa Friedman)
Friedman, the famed UFO researcher based in Fredericton, died in May at the age of 84.
A nuclear physicist by training, Friedman had devoted his life to researching and investigating UFOs since the late 1960s.
He was credited with bringing the 1947 Roswell Incident — the famous purported crash that gave rise to theories about UFOs and a U.S. military coverup — back into the mainstream conversation.
Friedman was many things, including an accomplished writer and lecturer, but what he wasn't "was much of a filer," he told Aiton-Kerr.
"I would say he was more of a stacker," she said. "He would stack records up. And so when we get each cargo van coming to the archives, we have a team of archivists and we just start going through it."
The team has thousands of documents to examine and organize — from subject files with titles like "Soviet Space" to piles of publications he's gathered over the decades.
"I would say that, by the end, we are probably going to have our hands on each piece of paper five or six times before we finally have it organized in a state where we can say, 'OK, it's done and researchers can come in and start taking a look,'" she said.
Ruth Savidge and Anne Touchie are summer students working at the provincial archives. They are processing donations that include everything from letters to ufologist Stanton Friedman, to old drug prescriptions, and even some personal files of former Premier Richard Hatfield.7:30
Kathleen Marden, a UFO researcher who co-wrote three books with Friedman, marvelled at his work ethic in an interview shortly after he died.
"He did his homework," Marden said.
"He went further than most researchers in that he did on-site investigations. He went to actual physical archives to do his research. He was an outstanding researcher, highly intelligent and had a great sense of humour."
Thousands of letters
Aiton-Kerr said that among the more fascinating aspects of the collection are the thousands of letters written to him from all over the world by people of all ages, many from non-believers sharing unexplained experiences.
"There's lots of letters that start, 'Oh, I'm a retired teacher, I'm a retired nurse and I have never believed in UFOs, but this is what I saw,'" she said.
"And people in the letters that they wrote to him, they're so affectionate. … In the community, he was regarded as such a warm, welcoming man."
One of thousands of letters in Stanton Friedman's collection. This one claims to include a 'fragment' from Roswell, New Mexico. (Vanessa Vander Valk/CBC)
And funny, too. Some letters include artifacts or drawings, and one had a papier-mâché mask of an alien head that also resembled Friedman. Aiton-Kerr said a colleague of hers asked him if the mask should go in the collection.
"He looked at it and shrugged and said, 'Well, I don't wear it often, you know'," she said. "That marvellous sense of humour coming through.
"I believe it's the only collection of its kind, certainly in New Brunswick, certainly in Canada, possibly even worldwide, to have such a mass of UFO research by such respected nuclear physicist."
She said they hope to be able to share it in the not-too-distant future.
A cigar-shaped UFO similar to numerous mysterious objects seen in the US in recent months has been spotted above Orlando – and a professor thinks he knows what it is.
Daily Star Online has revealed several baffling clips of the UFOs – which have also been described as snake-like – popping up in all parts of the country since June.
The first sighting was recorded over the Mojave Desert, before similar objects were seen in Wyoming , New York and Washington.
This site previously revealed how the US government could be silently monitoring them.
But now, an expert in the field has offered a new suggestion of what they could be after posting new footage of a sighting.
The snake-like UFO was spotted above Florida(Image: YOUTUBE/MICHAEL SALLA)
The clip shows a glowing elongated object slowly move across the overcast sky in Orlando, Florida.
After several moments it disappears behind the treeline.
Dr Michael Salla – who posted the clip to YouTube last month – says in the clip: “It is very clearly a cigar-shaped craft.
“There are no wings, no tails so it is a cigar-shaped craft, a UFO.”
He was sent the footage by an unnamed source, who has been releasing UFO videos in the area since 2008.
Dr Salla – an Assistant Professor in the School of International Service at American University, Washington DC – told this site he believes the craft is linked to the military's Space Force.
“I believe it is a hybrid air, sea, space vehicle developed by a major US corporation for a USAF-run secret space program,” he explained.
“There is a military connection since the photographer, JP, says he has been encouraged to take photos of other UFOs which are part of a USAF secret space program, some of which he has been aboard.
“I believe the illuminated craft in the video is part of a covert fleet of electromagnetically propelled spacecraft that have been secretly developed by the USAF that will be unveiled as part of the soon to be created US Space Force.”
The 61-year-old – who also runs conspiracy website exopolitics.org – went on to say the purpose of such craft was to both "establish a strategic military advantage over other nations" and "protect Earth from alien attacks".
"Elected Government representatives know very little about these secret space programs developed by their respective militaries and other major world powers," he continued.
"In the US only a few very senior members of Congress are briefed, and even the President is kept out of the loop of many of these programs."
Researchers have identified microscopic ancient creatures—dubbed "mold pigs"—in 30-million-year-old amber which represent not only a new species, but an entirely new family of invertebrates—animals without backbones.
These tiny creatures are said to share some characteristics with mites and tardigrades, but are unlike anything seen before, leaving experts to believe they have found a new creature
George Poinar Jr. from Oregon State University and Diane Nelson of East Tennessee State University discovered several hundred individuals in amber which was found in the Dominican Republic, according to a study published in the journal Invertebrate Biology.
The pair described the animals as "mold pigs" due to the fact that they bear a resemblance to true pigs and consumed mold.
In scientific terms, they have been described as Sialomorpha dominicana. The first part of this name derives from the Greek words for fat hog ("sialos") and shape ("morphe") while the second part refers to the country in which the amber was found.
"Every now and then we'll find small, fragile, previously unknown fossil invertebrates in specialized habitats," Poinar said in a statement. "And occasionally, as in the present case, a fragment of the original habitat from millions of years ago is preserved too."
The mold pigs would have lived in warm, moist habitats alongside pseudoscorpions, fungi, roundworms and protozoa—single-celled organisms.
Tardigrades, also known as water bears, are said to be the most indestructible animals in the world.
The creatures—which are invisible to the naked eye—look like similar to modern tardigrades, which are known for their extreme survival abilities. However, the two animals are not closely related.
"The mold pigs can't be placed in any group of currently existing invertebrates—they share characteristics with both tardigrades, sometimes referred to as water bears or moss pigs, and mites but clearly belong to neither group," he said.
The mold pigs measured around 100 micrometers long—about as thick as a human hair. They had flexible heads and four pairs of legs. Most of the time, they ate mold—a type of fungus—although they may have also preyed on other tiny invertebrates. To grow, they shed their exoskeleton, according to the researchers.
"No claws are present at the end of their legs as they are with tardigrades and mites," Poinar said. "Based on what we know about extant and extinct microinvertebrates, S. dominicana appears to represent a new phylum.
"They appear to be hermaphroditic since no males were found among the several hundred specimens in the amber," he told Newsweek. "The eggs hatch inside the females rather than in the environment."
Despite the fact that the researchers were able to learn a lot about the mold pigs due to the high number of fossils they found, there is still a lot to learn about the animals, they say.
"The structure and developmental patterns of these fossils illustrate a time period when certain traits appeared among these types of animals. But we don't know when the Sialomorpha lineage originated, how long it lasted, or whether there are descendants living today," Poinar said.
Fossils preserved in Dominican amber reveal a new family, genus and species of microinvertebrate, a discovery that shows unique lineages of the tiny creatures were living 30 million years ago.GEORGE POINAR JR.
WHAT ARE TARDIGRADES?
Tardigrades, also known as water bears, are said to be the most indestructible animals in the world.
These small, segmented creatures come in many forms - there are more than 900 species of them - and they're found everywhere in the world, from the highest mountains to the deepest oceans.
They have eight legs (four pairs) and each leg has four to eight claws that resemble the claws of a bear.
Boil the 1mm creatures, freeze them, dry them, expose them to radiation and they're so resilient they'll still be alive 200 years later.
An illustration of a tardigrade (water bear) is pictured
Water bears can live through temperatures as low as -457 degrees, heat as high as 357 degrees, and 5,700 grays of radiation, when 10-20 grays would kill humans and most other animals.
Tardigrades have been around for 530 million years and outlived the dinosaurs.
The animals can also live for a decade without water and even survive in space.
A ‘fluffy cloud’ of protein shields water bears’ DNA from radiation, drying and other damage
Some species of tardigrades (an SEM image of one shown) can survive doses of radiation up to 1,000 times that which would kill a human. How they do it has been a mystery, but scientists have deciphered one clue of their secret to survival.
STEVE GSCHMEISSNER/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO
Tardigrades may partly owe their ability to survive outer space to having the molecular equivalent of cotton candy.
Water bears, as the creatures are also known, can famously survive just about anything (SN: 7/14/17), including being bombarded with X-rays or cosmic rays, or being doused in hydrogen peroxide. Such radiation and chemical exposure result in production of DNA-damaging hydroxyl radicals, molecules composed of oxygen and hydrogen.
Previous research indicated that a protein called Dsup, for damage suppressor, shields the tardigrade species Ramazzottius varieornatus from radiation. When added to human cells, the protein also protects against radiation. Now researchers have found out how.
Dsup surrounds nucleosomes — DNA wound around proteins called histones — “like a fluffy cloud of cotton candy,” molecular biologist James Kadonaga of the University of California, San Diego in La Jolla and colleagues report October 1 in eLife. That cloud keeps hydroxyl radicals away from DNA.
When a tardigrade dries out, it draws in its legs and head and rolls into a ball called a tun (six tardigrades in the tun state shown in this scanning electron microscope image). The Dsup protein may help protect a tardigrade’s DNA from damage while it’s in this vulnerable state.T.C. BOOTHBY
Another tardigrade species Hypsibius exemplaris, previously thought to lack Dsup, has its own version of the protective protein, the researchers discovered. Only about 26 percent of the amino acids in the two species’ Dsup proteins are alike, but both shroud DNA against damage.
Kadonaga says the proteins probably evolved to protect tardigrades from hydroxy radicals when the moss-dwellers are dried out, a frequent occurrence (SN: 12/16/15). Drying increases the concentration of DNA-dinging radicals in cells. And damage can’t be repaired while the animals are dormant in their desiccated state. Since X-rays also form hydroxy radicals, tardigrades “just happen to be X-ray resistant,” too, he says.
Humans have similar proteins called high mobility group nucleosome-binding proteins or HMGNs. But the researchers don’t yet know whether the human proteins also form a similar shield against DNA-damaging chemicals.
THE former-head of MI6 has stated that he believes aliens exist - a view that's supported by more than half of Britain.
Sir John Sawers, 64, is certain extraterrestrials are out there due to the infinite size of the universe.
Britain's top spy Sir John Sawers has stated that he believes in aliens and that our planet cannot be unique in supporting life
Sir John explained that due to the infinite size of the universe there most be other life forms out there
The Warwick-born ex-spy said it would be "extraordinary" if life only existed on earth and is adamant that we can't be alone.
He was the Chief of the Secret Intelligence Service from 2009 until 2014.
Sir John told the Daily Star: "I think it would be extraordinary if in an infinite solar system that planet Earth was unique.
“I think we should go forward on the assumption that nothing on this planet is unique."
BRITS BELIEVE IN ALIENS
Around 52 per cent of Brits believed intelligent life exists elsewhere in the solar system, according to a YouGov survey in 2015.
We fell below 56 per cent of Germans and 54 per cent Americans.
Brits over the age of 60 were found to be more skeptical of extraterrestrials existence with 45 per cent not sharing the belief.
Whereas a whopping 59 per cent of 18-24-year-olds did.
GOVERNMENT COVER UP
A smaller number of us also think that humans are not technologically advanced enough to communicate with aliens.
Meanwhile a fifth of Brits believe the government have covered up dealings with beings from outer space.
Sawers claims came just over a month after astronomers discovered a planet where life could have existed.
EARTH-LIKE PLANET FOUND
Water was spotted in the atmosphere of K2-18b, a planet two times the size of earth, scientific journal Nature Astronomy wrote.
It's located within a safe distance of a star and around 111 light years away, or 650 million million miles away, from earth.
K2-18b is too far away to send a probe but in 10 years it's hoped that telescopes will be able to see more of it.
Then they will look for gases that could support an atmosphere for living organisms.
The search for extra-terrestrial life is the most exciting quest in 21st-century science
Prof. Stephen Hawking
Professor Stephen Hawking was among believers and before his death in March 2018 backed a new project to track them down.
The Breakthrough Initiative aims to discover if we are alone, if there are other habitable worlds out there and if so, how can we get there.
Earth circles one star among of hundreds of billions in a galaxy that is among hundreds of billions others, in a possibly infinite universe, they wrote.
Prof. Hawking called the search for extraterrestrial life "the most exciting quest in 21st century science".
What appears to be a dazzling meteor lit up the sky over northeast China on Friday (Oct. 11), appearing as a brilliant fireball in surveillance videos of the event.
The meteor occurred at about 12:16 a.m. Beijing Time, turning night into day and casting dark shadows as it streaked through the sky, according to the state-run CCTV. Videos of the fireball were captured by surveillance cameras in the city of Songyuan in the province of Jilin, as well as by many residents across northeast China, CCTV reported.
The meteor also visible from Heilongjiang Province, the news agency reported.
A meteor lights up the midnight sky over the northeastern China provinces of Jilin and Heilongjiang in this dashcam and surveillance camera video views taken on Oct. 11, 2019.
(Image credit: CCTV)
Scientists with the Purple Mountain Observer, part of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, are reviewing videos to study the fireball, but there have been no reports of any meteorites found on the ground from the fireball, CCTV reported.
When an octopus coils one of its flexible arms around a rock or a bit of food, it's not because the animal's brain said, "Pick that up." Rather, the arm decides for itself what it's going to do next. For a person, that would be like having one's big toe call the shots about where they're going to walk.
But a cephalopod's nervous system isn't wired like a human's — or like the systems found in any other vertebrates, for that matter, where a central brain broadcasts marching orders to the rest of the body. Instead, octopus limbs are studded with concentrations of neurons called ganglia; these "arm brains" can therefore operate independently of the central brain.
In fact, scientists who recently visualized progressive movement in octopus arms discovered that the animal's central brain is hardly involved at all; they presented their findings June 26 at the 2019 Astrobiology Science Conference. [8 Crazy Facts About Octopuses]
The researchers used a camera and behavioral-tracking software to model how an octopus perceives and then processes information about its environment using its arms, Dominic Sivitilli, a graduate student in behavioral neuroscience and astrobiology at the University of Washington in Seattle, explained during the presentation.
"What we're looking at, more than what's been looked at in the past, is how sensory information is being integrated in this network while the animal is making complicated decisions," Sivitilli said in a statement.
An octopus's arm movement begins far away from the brain, triggered by sensors in a groping arm sucker feeling around on the seafloor or in an aquarium. Each sucker contains tens of thousands of chemical and mechanical receptors; to put that into perspective, a human fingertip holds just a few hundred mechanical receptors, Sivitilli said.
When an octopus touches something interesting, the "brain" in its arms processes the input and moves the signal along, telling the arm what to do next. Signals generated by one sucker are passed to its closest neighbor, activating arm muscles and generating a sweeping wave of motion that travels up the arm toward the body, the researchers discovered. While the arms are actively engaging with the environment — and with each other — the signal that reaches the animal's central brain is "highly abstracted" and not directly involved with arm interactions, Sivitilli explained.
Essentially, octopuses "outsource" computation about how to move their bodies, assigning those actions to local controls — ganglia — in each arm, rather than relying on the central brain to tell the arms what to do, Sivitilli said in the presentation.
"In a way, the octopus has sent its mind out into the environment to meet it halfway," he added.
But wait, you might be thinking — why are scientists talking about octopuses at an astrobiology conference? What does this have to do with extraterrestrial life? (And no, it's not because octopuses are really space aliens, as another group of researchers claimed in 2018.)
Octopuses are thought to be highly intelligent, yet their workarounds for perceiving and interacting with the world around them differ dramatically from techniques that evolved in intelligent vertebrates. Octopus cognition could therefore serve as an important alternative model for understanding intelligence, and it could prepare experts for recognizing unusual expressions of intelligent life that originated on other worlds, Sivitilli said in the statement.
"It gives us an understanding as to the diversity of cognition in the world," Sivitilli said. "And perhaps the universe."
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Evolution upside down: did aliens leave Earth 20,000 years ago and are they our ancestors?
Evolution upside down: did aliens leave Earth 20,000 years ago and are they our ancestors?
People who claim to have had contact with extraterrestrials often report that they have gained insight into the future of Earth from foreign visitors. They presented holographic images of our planet and explained that the future was variable because there are different timelines.
Let’s start with the possibility that the foreign visitors actually once lived on earth in the bygone days, we would be in some ways their descendants and the foreign visitors our ancestors, who are concerned about the development on earth, because the Earth, in a sense, also belongs to them or has once heard.
Phenomena such as time travel, incarnation and extraterrestrials are still three great puzzles of our present, which we can not clarify only because we still lack the necessary higher consciousness. From Frank Schwede.
So if you are looking for answers, you should first start with yourself and find out who he is and make a journey to your own self, because this kind of journey is a journey through the history of the universe and to the origin of the earth.
The necessary information can be found in our subconscious, in our soul DNA, which we have access to under hypnosis. But also often occurring in repetition dreams, which lead us to certain places, can be clues from the past.
‘Not of this earth’ Did ALIENS make daggers found in Tutankhamun’s tomb?
‘Not of this earth’ Did ALIENS make daggers found in Tutankhamun’s tomb?
IRON daggers found in the tomb of ancient Egyptian Pharoah Tutankhaman which have baffled scientists for generations are made from metal “not from this earth” – sparking suggestions they could have been made using alien technology.
A documentary aired on Quest TV focuses on a pair of knives found by Howard Carter when he discovered the tomb of the famous “boy king” in 1922. The documentary, featuring interviews with a range of experts, examines the possibility that the daggers were gifts by the Mittani, a people allied with the ancient Egyptians who were based at a site now know as Tell el Hameh, and who were renowned metalworkers. It refers to satellite photography which appears to show an ancient smelting works dating back to a time when most of mankind could not work the metal.
However, the documentary concludes the timeline does not match, with them only becoming proficient in the smelting techniques required to produce iron in 1000BC, too late to have supplied the knives to Tutankhamun.
Archaeologist Dr Mark Altaweel asked: “How did King Tutankhamun obtain iron when iron basically did not exist?
"The quality of this dagger is fantastic.
“It’s pure, almost, made using the kind of technology that would happen only centuries later, when people became experts in creating iron.”
Were Tutankhamun's daggers made by aliens
(Image: GETTY)
In all likelihood this metal is not from earth
Dr Hendrik van Gijseghem
Dr Jassel Majevadia, a material scientist, adds: “This particular dagger does not rust and that’s what makes it special.
Archaeologist Dr Hendrik van Gijseghem says: “No-one in the world is capable of producing that kind of metal in pre-modern times.
“This iron was not mined by man.
“There’s a high content of nickel and traces of cobalt which indicates in all likelihood that this metal is not from earth."
Dr Henrik van Gijseghem said the metal is "not from this Earth"
(Image: Quest TV)
The ancient Egyptians were fascinated by the stars, and the film postulates that an iron-rich meteor may have crashed to Earth which could be the source of the unusually pure metal.
However, even though one such site is uncovered in the region, investigations have ruled it out as the source, further deepening the mystery of where the metal came from.
Dr Aidan Dodson pointed to ancient hieroglyphs suggesting iron was the “bones of the gods”, suggesting any metal which fell from the stars was likely to have been regarded as a “gift”.
And some following the documentary went one step further, suggesting the artefacts really could be the product of alien contact.
Dr Mark Altaweel described the quality of the dagger as "fantastic"
(Image: GETTY)
Several commenting on the documentary made references to “alien technology”, while another said: “This is from the Nephilim”.
The Nephilim were the supposed offspring of the “sons of God” and the “daughters of men” referred to in the book of Genesis.
Some have postulated the Nephilim were actually spacefaring aliens who made contact with ancient civilisations thousands of years ago.
There has also been speculation that ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs show contact with aliens.
Any intelligent aliens that humans manage to contact probably won't look much like you or me, or the squid-like creatures in the new film "Arrival."
If anextraterrestrial species becomes advanced enough to send signals Earthlings can pick up, it will likely shed its traditional biological trappings and become a form of machine intelligence in rather short order, said veteran alien hunter Seth Shostak.
To make his case, Shostak pointed to the path that humanity appears to be on. The human species invented the radio around 1900 and the computer in 1945, and it's already manufacturing relatively cheap devices with greater computing power than the human brain. [13 Ways to Hunt Intelligent Alien Life]
The development of true, strong artificial intelligence (AI) is therefore not too far off, experts have said. The famous futurist Ray Kurzweil, for example, has pegged 2045 as the year this world-changing "singularity" will hit.
"But maybe it takes to 2100, or 2150, or 2250. It doesn't matter," Shostak said in September during a presentation at the Dent:Space conference in San Francisco. "The point is, any society that invents radio, so we can hear them, within a few centuries, they've invented their successors. And I think that's important, because the successors are machines."
AI will interface with people's bodies for a while, but eventually humans will abandon the wetware and go fully digital, Shostak predicted.
"It'll be like — you build a four-cylinder engine. You put it in a horse to get a faster horse. And pretty soon you say, 'Look, let's get rid of the horse part and just build a Maserati,'" said Shostak, an astronomer at the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Institute in Mountain View, California. "So that's probably what's going to happen."
Humans' machine selves will get smarter and more capable incredibly quickly, he added. Humanity's present intelligence is the result of 4 billion years of Darwinian evolution, which uses random variation as its raw material and is not directed toward any particular goal. But the evolution of machine intelligence will be engineered and efficient, Shostak said.
"Once you invent a thinking machine, you say, 'Invent something better than you are,' and you build that. 'Design something better than you are,' and you build that, and so forth," he said.
This idea has serious implications for the search for intelligent alien life. Unlike Earth organisms, super-advanced extraterrestrial machines would not require water or other chemicals to survive, so they would not be tied to their ancestors' home worlds tightly at all, Shostak said. And journeying tremendous distances would not be a big deal to these machines, provided they could access enough energy and raw materials to keep repairing themselves over the millennia, he said.
"We continue to look in the directions of star systems that we think have habitable words, that have planets where biology could cook up and eventually turn into something clever like you guys," he told the Dent:Space audience. "But I don't think it's going to be that way."
Shostak said he isn't counseling his fellow SETI astronomers to stop investigating potentially Earth-like planets such as Proxima b, a recently discovered world that lies just 4.2 light-years away. (And simple life-forms could still inhabit such worlds even if their most intelligent inhabitants went digital and departed long ago, Shostak said.) But it may be a good idea to expand the search to regions of space that would seemingly be attractive to digital life-forms, he said — for example, places with lots of available energy, such as the centers of galaxies.
"That may be where the really clever beings are," Shostak said.
"Maybe what we ought to do is look at places on the sky that connect two places where there is a lot of energy," in an attempt to intercept communications between alien machines, Shostak added.
"This is my message to you: We're looking for analogues of ourselves, but I don't know that that's the majority of the intelligence in the universe," Shostak concluded. "I'm willing to bet it's not."
It sounds like a science fiction script for an upcoming movie about NASA, Astronauts, and aliens on the moon. However, according to several reports, and alleged transcripts between the command center and Apollo astronauts on the moon, mankind encountered otherworldly technology upon setting foot on the lunar surface.
Interesting details about what astronauts may have encountered on the Moon comes from an interview with an unnamed Professor and Neil Armstrong at a NASA symposium:
Professor: What really happened out there with Apollo 11?
Armstrong: It was incredible … of course, we had always known there was a possibility … the fact is, we were warned off. There was never any questions then of a space station or a moon city.
Professor: How do you mean “warned off”?
Armstrong: I can’t go into details, except to say that their ships were far superior to ours both in size and technology – Boy, where they big! … and menacing … No, there is no question of a space station.
Professor: But NASA had other missions after Apollo 11?
Armstrong: Naturally – NASA was committed at that time, and couldn’t risk a panic on earth…. But it really was a quick scoop and back again. (Above Top Secret, p. 186)
Is it possible that Apollo astronauts actually encountered alien beings and UFOs while exploring the lunar surface?
There are a lot of reports, interviews, and documents that suggest it’s possible.
In fact, according to Dr. Vladimir Azhazha, a physicist, and Professor of Mathematics at Moscow University:
“Neil Armstrong relayed the message to Mission Control that two large, mysterious objects were watching them after having landed near the moon module. But his message was never heard by the public – because NASA censored it.” (Above Top Secret,p. 384)
According to numerous sources, Armstrong claimed that there was an alien presence on the moon, and astronauts were ORDERED away.
Reports indicate that Apollo astronauts stumbled across numerous ‘shops’ and structures on the moon which were obviously not man-made. Many UFOlogists claim that Buzz Aldrin even filmed the strange structures and all of the details were reported back to mission control, which deliberately ‘censored’ the information in order to prevent chaos and panic among the general population.
Every now and then i come across an article that 'quotes' neil armstrong making very specific claims as to being 'warned off' by spaceships on the moon.
Is it genuine? I only ask because if it is, why isn't it a bigger deal? I guess that's me answering my own question but I would like confirmation.
Has CCTV Recorded a Real Man in Black? Just look at this video!
Has CCTV Recorded a Real Man in Black? Just look at this video!
This video was brought to our attention by a man who claims to be working as a security guard in an area of Alaska.
The man claims that he managed to record something extremely fascinating on the surveillance cameras.
It is about Men in Black. Men in Black are known for their bizarre and sometimes violent ways in which they silence people who have witnessed strange happenings.
If you watch carefully the original video at the end of the article you will have a lot of questions.
Where did the man go? And especially, what was on the camera that he gave to the sinister Men in Black?
Watch the original footage and tell us your opinion:
Black Mass Alien Craft Makes Navy’s Torpedo Disappear
Black Mass Alien Craft Makes Navy’s Torpedo Disappear
CIRCA 1999 ……OFF THE COAST OF SAN DIEGO
Former US Navy pilot David Fravor has revealed a previously undisclosed UFO incident from the 1990s. By now the story of the ‘Tic Tac’ UFO spotted by fighter pilots during training exercises off the coast of San Diego in 2004 is well known, with footage reportedly recorded during the incident being declared authentic by US Navy officials as recently as last month.
What isn’t so well documented however is another incident that happened a few years beforehand.
In a recent radio interview, former US Navy pilot Commander David Fravor described an encounter experienced by another pilot who was tasked with retrieving BQM aerial target drones and submarine telemetry torpedoes from the water.
The pilot reported a “kind of dark mass coming up from the depths” which quickly disappeared.
“As they hoist the BQM up, he’s looking at this thing going, ‘What the hell is that?’” said Fravor. “And then it just goes back down underwater. Once they pull the kid and the BQM out of the water, this object descends back into the depths.”
According to Fravor, another very similar incident happened a few months later.
“He’s out picking up a torpedo, they hook the diver up on the winch, and as they’re lowering him down, he sees this big mass,” said Fravor. “He goes, ‘It’s not a submarine’. He’s seen submarines before. Once you’ve seen a submarine you can’t confuse it with something else. “
“This big object, kind of circular, is coming up from the depths and he starts screaming through the intercom system to tell them to pull the diver up, and the diver’s only a few feet from the water.”
“They reverse the winch and the diver’s thinking, ‘What the hell is going on?’ And all of a sudden he said the torpedo just got sucked down underwater, and the object just descended back down into the depths.
Retired US Navy pilot commander David Fravor first came forward in a bombshell New York Times article in December 2017, describing how his squadron witnessed a 747-sized object just under the surface of the water during training exercises in the Pacific Ocean, 160km off the coast of San Diego.
Hovering just over the surface of the water above the submerged object was a 12-metre-long “Tic Tac-looking object” moving erratically “forward, back, left, right”. Cdr Fravor attempted to intercept the object, but it shot away at incredible speed.
On a subsequent flight, another member of his squadron managed to film one of the objects using the plane’s infra-red targeting camera after its radar systems were jammed — which Cdr Fravor noted was “technically an act of war”. Advertisement A
The now-famous footage was acquired by former Pentagon official Luis Elizondo and released along with two other videos by To The Stars Academy, a UFO research organisation founded by Blink-182 rocker Tom DeLonge.
The circumstances around the release of the footage has been the subject of intense controversy over the past two years, but the US Navy last month confirmed for the first time that it considered the “phenomena” depicted in the three videos “unidentified”.
Appearing on the popular Joe Rogan Experience podcast on Saturday in his first major interview since the Navy’s official acknowledgment of the videos, Cdr Fravor discussed his sighting and also revealed how other pilots had “come out of the woodwork” to tell him their own encounters.
“They don’t feel alone,” he said. “One of the guys was a Navy helicopter pilot. He was flying a CH-53, a big heavy-lifter the Marine Corps uses for certain things. Off the East Coast they do a lot of shooting, at the time it was off Puerto Rico.”
Cdr Fravor said the helicopter pilot’s job at the time of the incident in the “mid to late ’90s” included retrieving BQM aerial target drones, which deploy a parachute and fall into the ocean, as well as submarine telemetry torpedoes that collect data before blowing ballast and floating to the surface.
“The helo drops a swimmer in the water, he hooks the whole thing up and they fly back. The first time they were out and they were going to pick up a BQM, he’s sitting in the front — in the CH-53 you can see down by your feet — and as he’s looking down, they’re 50 feet (15 metres) above the water, he sees this kind of dark mass coming up from the depths,” he said.
“As they hoist the BQM up, he’s looking at this thing going, ‘What the hell is that?’ And then it just goes back down underwater. Once they pull the kid and the BQM out of the water, this object descends back into the depths.”
The pilot thought the incident was “pretty weird”, according to Cdr Fravor. Then a few months later, it happened again. “He’s out picking up a torpedo, they hook the diver up on the winch, and as they’re lowering him down, he sees this big mass,” he said.
“He goes, ‘It’s not a submarine’. He’s seen submarines before. Once you’ve seen a submarine you can’t confuse it with something else. This big object, kind of circular, is coming up from the depths and he starts screaming through the intercom system to tell them to pull the diver up, and the diver’s only a few feet from the water.”
He continued, “They reverse the winch and the diver’s thinking, ‘What the hell is going on?’ And all of a sudden he said the torpedo just got sucked down underwater, and the object just descended back down into the depths. They never recovered it.”
Cdr Fravor said the helicopter pilot was adamant the torpedo “didn’t sink” but “literally looked like it got sucked down”. He said the pilot spoke to The New York Times about the incident ahead of the 2017 story but “they wanted something newer”.
Cdr Fravor marvelled at the technology displayed by the objects, up to a dozen of which had been tracked by the USS Princeton’s radar systems in the week prior to his squadron’s sighting.
“They would come down from above 80,000 feet (24,380 metres), drop down to about 20,000 feet (6100 metres). They’d hang out then go straight back up after about three or four hours,” he said.
“Just think of the physics — 80,000 feet is where you can start to see the curvature of the Earth. It’s considered space, they’re coming from above that. (Elon Musk’s) SpaceX is really excited because they can launch a rocket, have a booster come back to Earth and actually land on a pad. It’s a very impressive engineering feat. Next to this technology, that’s like a Model T next to a Porsche.”
Cdr Fravor said he was speculating but suspected the objects were somehow “manipulating the gravity field and just moving through a void”. “You could in theory fly, go into the ocean, cruise around, pop back up, fly around, go to space. You remove the barriers of the normal propulsion we have today,” he said.
Last week, Mr Elizondo claimed that TTSA had obtained physical evidence that could be from UFOs. “Our company over the last year and a half has actually obtained quite a bit of material,” he told Fox News. “Some of that material — its providence is frankly hearsay, while other providence of some of this material has been substantiated.”
I was looking for decent photos of Venus and found this incredible full planet view. The photo is on the Wikipeadia and has detail that is of the surface structures. Normally the clouds over Venus prevent us from seeing its surface, but now I'm going to show you the alien structures that NASA doesn't want you to see. Watch my video and tell me your thoughts. Some of these structures are bigger than the US state of Texas! This is 100% proof that aliens exist on our neighboring planet. Scott C. Waring
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Sky-watcher captures two odd flashes next to the Orion Constellation
Sky-watcher captures two odd flashes next to the Orion Constellation
On October 9, 2019 a sky-watcher captured two unknown and odd split second flashes next to the Orion Nebula.
DiversityJ - Ohio Skywatching: It's been a long time coming -- Orion and Orion's Nebula in the early morning Ohio sky. Also, there were 2 separate split second flashes out by the constellation. 4:36am to 5:23am, Wednesday Oct 9th 2019, NE Ohio (USA) 42°F (5°C), Southern Sky.
Photos & Video from the Canon 90D & F/2.8 17-55mm Lens & F/2.8 70-200mm L III. Lens Photos Processed in Lightroom Classic. Everything put together in Final Cut Pro X
It is unknown whether these flashes or signals came from alien spacecraft or not but it is known that huge cigar-shaped UFO flying through space next to the Orion Constellation.
SEARCHING FOR ARTIFACTS OF ANCIENT TECHNOLOGICAL SPECIES IN OUR OWN SOLAR SYSTEM
SEARCHING FOR ARTIFACTS OF ANCIENT TECHNOLOGICAL SPECIES IN OUR OWN SOLAR SYSTEM
Since its birth around a half century ago, SETI has largely focused on looking for alien civilisations beyond our own solar system, searching for radio signals from prominent or nearby stars. But what if there were earlier technological civilisations in our own solar system, or even here on Earth?
SETI typically focuses on interstellar radio signals or other studies of objects beyond the Solar System, however an alternative search avenue has been appreciated for nearly as long: the search for alien artifacts within the Solar System. This has not only been a topic for science fiction (e.g. 2001: A Space Odyssey) but in the SETI literature. Indeed, the apparent lack of such artifacts has been used as evidence that humanity must be the only spacefaring civilization in the Galaxy (Hart, 1975). Despite Hart’s claim, we can hardly rule out such artifacts in the Solar System, as demonstrated by Freitas (1983a) and Haqq-Misra & Kopparapu (2012).
In these discussions it is assumed, implicitly or explicitly, that the origin of such artifacts would be not just extraterrestrial (Haqq-Misra & Kopparapu, 2012, refer to them as “Non-Terrestrial Artifacts” (NTAs)) but extrasolar. But if such technology were to be discovered, we should consider the possibility that its origin lies within the Solar System, and potentially on Earth.
After all, given that the bodies in the Solar System are at least five orders of magnitude closer than the nearest star system, and given that we know that not only are the ingredients of and conditions for life common in the Solar System, but that one of its planets is known to host complex life, it is perhaps more likely that their origin be local, than that an extraterrestrial species crossed interstellar space and deposited it here. At the very least, the relative probabilities of the two options is unclear.
In this paper, I discuss the possibility for such prior indigenous technological species; by this I mean species that are indigenous to the Solar System, produce technosignatures and/or were spacefaring, and are currently extinct or otherwise absent.
Wright notes that one of the great difficulties in finding evidence for previous technological civilisations in our solar system is simply the passage of time – old stuff disappears. “The Earth is quite efficient, on cosmic timescales, at destroying evidence of technology on its surface,” he notes. “Biodegredation can destroy organic material in a matter of weeks, and weathering and other forms of erosion will destroy most exposed rock and metals on a timescale of centuries to millennia, if human activity does not erase it faster.
Wright points out that, at the very longest, some “large and durable structures, in the right environments” – such as the Giza pyramids – might last for ‘just’ tens of thousands of years. Given complex life has existed on Earth for over 400 million years (40,000 sequential periods of 10,000 years), you see the problem in searching for ‘ancient aliens’. Not least, because, on timescales of hundreds of millions of years “plate tectonics will subduct almost all evidence for technology with the crust it sits upon, erasing it from the surface entirely.
Regardless of those difficulties, where should we look? Wright suggests that Venus – with a thinner atmosphere in the past – and Mars, once covered in water, would be good candidates. And he reminds us that search should also include Earth (though he disavows the topic of ‘ancient aliens’ on his blog). Furthermore, he notes, “while all geological records of prior indigenous technological species might be long destroyed, if the species were spacefaring there may be technological artifacts to be found throughout the Solar system.”
It’s a fascinating hypothetical topic, though it is worth pointing out that Jason Wright is not particularly happy about “all the wrong kind of attention” the paper has received “from the yellow press and the ufologists….it is mortifying…Now excuse me while I answer all these emails from Coast to Coast and ufologists sending me pictures of clouds.”
No doubt his frustration has arisen from the “astronomer says ancient aliens existed in our own solar system” headlines that the paper has generated, with many mis-judging what the words “may” and “is possible” mean, in terms of likelihood of ancient alien civilisations. As Wright says on his blog, he put his paper together…
…not because I think they exist, but because we’re at the point where it should be possible to say for sure that certain types of them didn’t. The end of the paper is all about the things we can do to start drawing some conclusions.
I recommend – as I have to SETI people before – that it might be worth engaging with the ufologists and Forteans, rather than dissing them, as they could be some of your staunchest advocates, even if there is some disagreement over assumptions and conclusions.
The Cassini mission to Saturn is over, but scientists still pore over its data. The newest discovery is of organic compounds – the ingredients of amino acids, the building blocks of life – in water vapor plumes from Saturn’s moon Enceladus.
The geysers of Saturn’s moon Enceladus. These great plumes of water vapor erupt through fractures in the ice crust at this moon’s south pole. The Cassini spacecraft analyzed the plumes and found water vapor, ice particles, salts, methane and a variety of complex and simple organic molecules. Scientists think they originate from the ocean below the moon’s icy surface.
Is the subsurface ocean on Saturn’s moon Enceladushabitable? Could it be home to existing life forms? While we still don’t know the answer to the second question, evidence continues to build that this small moon’s ocean is habitable by earthly standards. On October 2, 2019, scientists announced another piece of the puzzle: the discovery of additional kinds of organic compounds that originate from Enceladus’ ocean, and were found by the Cassini spacecraft to be gushing out through geysers at the moon’s south pole. These compounds are the ingredients for amino acids, the building blocks of life on Earth.
The intriguing new peer-reviewed findings were published October 2, 2019, in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
The findings come from continued analysis of data from the Cassini mission at Saturn, which ended in 2017. The spacecraft had sampled water vapor in the huge geyser-like plumes that erupt from fractures called Tiger Stripes at the south pole of the moon. The results showed water vapor, ice grains, salts, methane and organic molecules of various sizes existing in the plumes.
Illustration depicting how the organic compounds, originating from ocean bottom hydrothermal vents, are condensed onto ice grains in cracks in Enceladus’ crust. The ice grains and organics then get ejected into space by the water vapor plumes.
Cassini also found evidence for active hydrothermal vents on the ocean floor, similar to ones seen on the ocean bottoms of Earth. The new organic compounds were found to be nitrogen- and oxygen-bearing, condensed onto the ice grains. On Earth, those same compounds are produced by hydrothermal vents, and are part of the chemical reactions that produce amino acids. Is the same thing happening on Enceladus? As Nozair Khawaja, at the Free University of Berlin, explained:
If the conditions are right, these molecules coming from the deep ocean of Enceladus could be on the same reaction pathway as we see here on Earth. We don’t yet know if amino acids are needed for life beyond Earth, but finding the molecules that form amino acids is an important piece of the puzzle.
The ice grains from Enceladus’ plumes also get injected into Saturn’s E ring. The new compounds were found on these ice grains by Cassini’s Cosmic Dust Analyzer (CDA). The composition of the organic material was determined by the CDA’s mass spectrometer.
Enceladus as seen by the Cassini spacecraft. This small, icy moon has a global subsurface ocean that could possibly support life.
So how did these and other organics get into space? First, they were dissolved in the subsurface ocean itself. They were then evaporated out of the water, condensing and freezing onto ice grains inside the fractures in the moon’s crust. As the plumes of water vapor from the ocean move upward through the fractures to the surface, they transport the ice grains and organics with them. After being injected into space, these grains can then be sampled and analyzed by spacecraft such as Cassini.
Cassini had already found found larger organic molecules in the plumes. These new compounds, however, although smaller, are tied directly to the hydrothermal processes that would create amino acids. According to co-author Jon Hillier:
Here we are finding smaller and soluble organic building blocks – potential precursors for amino acids and other ingredients required for life on Earth.
This work shows that Enceladus’ ocean has reactive building blocks in abundance, and it’s another green light in the investigation of the habitability of Enceladus.
Another recent study showed that Enceladus’ ocean is also apparently just the right age to support life.
Diagram of the amino acid lysine, which has carbon atoms attached and is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Amino acids are the building blocks of life as we know it, and now they have been discovered in Enceladus’ plumes.
A “black smoker” hydrothermal vent on the ocean floor on Earth. Similar vents are thought to exist on the ocean floor of Enceladus as well, where the organic compounds most likely originate from.
The discovery of these smaller – but vital – organic compounds is another significant piece of the puzzle in understanding Enceladus’ possible habitability. Although completely frozen on the outside surface, on the inside, Enceladus is a most remarkable little world. Beneath the outer ice crust lies a global warm salty ocean, that, it appears, is not too different from oceans on Earth. The rocky bottom, including the hydrothermal vents, provides chemical nutrients just as it does on our planet. The environment is similar to that around hydrothermal vents – or “smokers” – on Earth’s ocean bottoms. The vents provide heat and nutrients, and at least on Earth, serve as an oasis for a multitude of life forms despite the surrounding colder waters and complete lack of sunlight.
These new findings make Enceladus and other ocean moons in the solar system, such as Europa and Titan, even more enticing targets in the search for life elsewhere in the solar system. Not that long ago, it was thought that Earth was the only world in our solar system with liquid water. Now we know of several moons in the outer solar system that do as well (and maybe even Pluto!), it’s just that the water is hidden below an outer layer of ice. We don’t know yet if any of those water worlds actually host any kind of life, but being able to study some of these alien oceans both now and with more advanced future missions is certainly one of the most exciting developments in planetary exploration.
Bottom line: Further analysis of material in Enceladus’ water vapor plumes has revealed the existence of additional organic compounds, the kind that are the ingredients of amino acids, the building blocks of life on Earth.
Elon Musk, founder of private space-faring company SpaceX, recently unveiled his new Starship craft. Amazingly, it is designed to carry up to 100 crew members on interplanetary journeys throughout the solar system, starting with Mars in 2024.
The announcement is exciting, invoking deep emotions of hope and adventure. But I can't help having a number of moral reservations about it.
Musk has declared a fascinatingly short time line to achieve orbit with this rocket. He wants to build four or five versions of the vehicle in the next six months. The first rocket will do a test launch to 20km within a month, and the final version will orbit the Earth.
Whether this is possible remains to be seen. Bear in mind that in the early 1960s when the then US president, John F Kennedy, announced the race to the moon, it took nearly a decade to achieve and several crew members died during the testing phases.
Despite this, it has been an important goal since the beginning of the space age for people to travel between planets — helping us to explore, mine and colonize the solar system.
There are many reasons to believe SpaceX will succeed. The company has been extremely impressive in its contribution to space, filling a gap when government agencies such as NASA could not justify the spending. It's not the rocket technology that I doubt, my concern is mainly astrobiological.
If life exists elsewhere in our universe, the solar system is a good place to start looking — enabling us to touch, collect and analyse samples in a reasonably short time. Along with some of Jupiter's and Saturn's moons, Mars is one of the top contenders for hosting some sort of microbial life, or for having done so in the past.
However, there is a risk that microbe-ridden humans walking on the red planet could contaminate it with bugs from Earth. And contamination may threaten alien organisms, if they exist. It may also make it impossible to figure out whether any microbes found on Mars later on are martian or terrestrial in origin.
A mission to return samples from Mars to Earth is expected to be completed by the early 2030s, with all the collection work completed by sterilised robots. While such missions pose a certain risk of contamination too, there are rigorous protocols to help minimise the chance. These were initiated by the Outer Space Treaty in 1967 and must be followed by anyone in the space industry, governmental or non-governmental entities alike.
Can we be confident that, while pushing the boundaries of human exploration in such a short time frame, corners won't be cut or standards won't be allowed to slip? It will be considerably harder to follow these protocols once humans are actually on the planet.
If SpaceX was serious about planetary protection, I would expect to see a policy on its website, or easily found by searching "SpaceX planetary protection". But that isn't the case. So while it is possible that it has a rigorous planetary protection plan in place behind the scenes, its public-facing content seems to suggest that pushing the boundaries of human exploration is more important than the consequences of that exploration.
Other moral issues
Another issue is the health of the humans are being sent out to Mars. Deep space is not without its dangers, but at least working in low Earth orbit, on the moon and the International Space Station, the Earth's magnetic field offers some protection from harmful space radiation.
Mars doesn't have its own magnetic field and its atmosphere provides little shelter from cosmic radiation. Astronauts would also be exposed to deep space radiation for the minimum six-month journey between planets.
Though plenty of work is being conducted, radiation protection technology is a long way behind other aspects of rocketry. I'm not sure that it is fair or ethical to expect astronauts to be exposed to dangerous levels of radiation that could leave them with considerable health problems — or worse, imminent death.
So while there is obviously a lot to gain from sending humans to Mars, the risks of contaminating Mars, injuring astronauts and damaging the environment are very real. I would argue that it is our moral obligation to prevent such damage. I hope SpaceX is putting as much thought into this as it has into its launch vehicles, and I would like to see this become a priority for the company.
Once we have better radiation shielding and have proven that Mars is entirely inhospitable, albeit a very difficult thing to do, it will most likely be an adventure worth embarking on. But at the very least, the company should hold off sending people to Mars until we have the results of the upcoming life detection missions, such as the Mars Sample Return and ExoMars rover.
Until then the moon is a great target for human exploration, resource mining and colonisation. As it is nearby and we can be reasonably confident that it does not harbour life, why not start there?
Regardless of the thrill and feelings of hope this kind of adventure brings, just because we can do something, doesn't mean we necessarily should, now or in the future.
A bizarre YouTube video claims the 14th and 15th century painter and inventor hid proof of aliens in his artwork, most notably the Mona Lisa.
In the video Paranormal Crucible claim one can make out facial features, headdress, cloak and the hands of an ‘Alien High Priest’ if the colours are manipulated to make it clearer.
A computer generated voice which narrates the video says: "Many theologians believe that Leonardo Da Vinci deliberately concealed secret codes and subliminal messages in most of his work.
"If this is true then it's reasonable to assume that the Mona Lisa was in fact painted in order to conceal important historical and religious facts possibly regarding the extraterrestrial presence and its surreptitious involvement within the Roman Catholic Church.”
Leonardo da Vinci 'hid PROOF of aliens' in the Mona Lisa and St John the Baptist
Another Paranormal Crucible video claims there is an alien hidden in da Vinci’s St John The Baptist masterpiece.
The video claims if the painting, which is believed to be da Vinci’s last work, is mirrored, an alien’s face appears in the centre.
It says: “If we mirror and join the image, we can begin to see that the master painter has indeed hidden a mysterious figure within the brush strokes of his iconic painting.
By enhancing the image, the viewer can “clearly” see “possible evidence of an extraterrestrial life form”.
YOUTUBE
Aliens hidden in the Mona Lisa
Others, however, go one step further and claim da Vinci was an alien himself.
UFO blogger Scott C Waring wrote on his UFO Sightings Daily website: "The likelihood of Leonardo Da Vinci being an alien or half-breed is very high.
YOUTUBE
An alien is also 'hidden' in St John The Baptist
"He shows all the signs.
"He had very high intellectual ability, extraordinary creative range, and used them to accomplish quite a bit.
"Leonardo is somebody who is able to operate across all these various fields, which is very unusual.
GETTY
The Mona Lisa was finished in 1503
"Geniuses rarely are great in all areas like Leonardo.
"He was known for hiding secret messages and codes in his artwork, so this new discovery gives us the key we have been missing about him his extraordinary abilities came from or were those of aliens."
Astronomers at the University of California, Riverside, have discovered that powerful winds driven by supermassive black holes in the centers of dwarf galaxies have a significant impact on the evolution of these galaxies by suppressing star formation.
Credit: SDSS
Dwarf galaxies hosting active galactic nuclei that have spatially extended outflows.
Dwarf galaxies are small galaxies that contain between 100 million to a few billion stars. In contrast, the Milky Way has 200-400 billion stars. Dwarf galaxies are the most abundant galaxy type in the universe and often orbit larger galaxies.
The team of three astronomers was surprised by the strength of the detected winds.
“We expected we would need observations with much higher resolution and sensitivity, and we had planned on obtaining these as a follow-up to our initial observations,” said Gabriela Canalizo, a professor of physics and astronomy at UC Riverside, who led the research team. “But we could see the signs strongly and clearly in the initial observations. The winds were stronger than we had anticipated.”
Canalizo explained that astronomers have suspected for the past couple of decades that supermassive black holes at the centers of large galaxies can have a profound influence on the way large galaxies grow and age.
“Our findings now indicate that their effect can be just as dramatic, if not more dramatic, in dwarf galaxies in the universe,” she said.
The researchers, who also include Laura V. Sales, an assistant professor of physics and astronomy; and Christina M. Manzano-King, a doctoral student in Canalizo’s lab, used a portion of the data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, which maps more than 35% of the sky, to identify 50 dwarf galaxies, 29 of which showed signs of being associated with black holes in their centers. Six of these 29 galaxies showed evidence of winds — specifically, high-velocity ionized gas outflows — emanating from their active black holes.
“Using the Keck telescopes in Hawaii, we were able to not only detect, but also measure specific properties of these winds, such as their kinematics, distribution, and power source — the first time this has been done,” Canalizo said. “We found some evidence that these winds may be changing the rate at which the galaxies are able to form stars.”
Credit: UCR/Stan Lim
From left to right: Laura Sales, Christina Manzano-King, and Gabriela Canalizo.
Manzano-King, the first author of the research paper, explained that many unanswered questions about galaxy evolution can be understood by studying dwarf galaxies.
“Larger galaxies often form when dwarf galaxies merge together,” she said. “Dwarf galaxies are, therefore, useful in understanding how galaxies evolve. Dwarf galaxies are small because after they formed, they somehow avoided merging with other galaxies. Thus, they serve as fossils by revealing what the environment of the early universe was like. Dwarf galaxies are the smallest galaxies in which we are directly seeing winds — gas flows up to 1,000 kilometers per second — for the first time.”
Manzano-King explained that as material falls into a black hole, it heats up due to friction and strong gravitational fields and releases radiative energy. This energy pushes ambient gas outward from the center of the galaxy into intergalactic space.
“What’s interesting is that these winds are being pushed out by active black holes in the six dwarf galaxies rather than by stellar processes such as supernovae,” she said. “Typically, winds driven by stellar processes are common in dwarf galaxies and constitute the dominant process for regulating the amount of gas available in dwarf galaxies for forming stars.”UC Riverside astronomers find large-scale winds associated with active black holes in small galaxies suppress star formation
Credit: UCR
Astronomers suspect that when wind emanating from a black hole is pushed out, it compresses the gas ahead of the wind, which can increase star formation. But if all the wind gets expelled from the galaxy’s center, gas becomes unavailable and star formation could decrease. The latter appears to be what is occurring in the six dwarf galaxies the researchers identified.
“In these six cases, the wind has a negative impact on star formation,” Sales said. “Theoretical models for the formation and evolution of galaxies have not included the impact of black holes in dwarf galaxies. We are seeing evidence, however, of a suppression of star formation in these galaxies. Our findings show that galaxy formation models must include black holes as important, if not dominant, regulators of star formation in dwarf galaxies.”
Next, the researchers plan to study the mass and momentum of gas outflows in dwarf galaxies.
“This would better inform theorists who rely on such data to build models,” Manzano-King said. “These models, in turn, teach observational astronomers just how the winds affect dwarf galaxies. We also plan to do a systematic search in a larger sample of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to identify dwarf galaxies with outflows originating in active black holes.”
The research was funded by the National Science Foundation, NASA, and the Hellman Foundation. Data was obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, and made possible by financial support from the W. M. Keck Foundation.
Contacts and sources:
Iqbal Pittalwala University of California – Riverside
How Do the Strongest Magnets in the Universe Form?
How Do the Strongest Magnets in the Universe Form?
How do some neutron stars become the strongest magnets in the Universe? A German-British team of astrophysicists has found a possible answer to the question of how these so-called magnetars form. The researchers used large computer simulations to demonstrate how the merger of two stars creates strong magnetic fields. If such stars explode in supernovae, magnetars could result.
The simulation marks the birth of a magnetic star such as Tau Scorpii. The image is a cut through the orbital plane where the colouring indicates the strength of the magnetic field and the light hatching reflects the direction of the magnetic field line.
Scientists from Heidelberg University, the Max Planck Society, the Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, and the University of Oxford were involved in the research. The results were published in “Nature”.
Our Universe is threaded by magnetic fields. The Sun, for example, has an envelope in which convection continuously generates magnetic fields. “Even though massive stars have no such envelopes, we still observe a strong, large-scale magnetic field at the surface of about ten percent of them,” explains Dr Fabian Schneider from the Centre for Astronomy of Heidelberg University, who is the first author of the study in “Nature”. Although such fields were already discovered in 1947, their origin has remained elusive so far.
Over a decade ago, scientists suggested that strong magnetic fields are produced when two stars collide. “But until now, we weren’t able to test this hypothesis because we didn’t have the necessary computational tools,” says Dr Sebastian Ohlmann from the computing centre of the Max Planck Society in Garching near Munich. This time, the researchers used the AREPO code, a highly dynamic simulation code running on compute clusters of the Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS), to explain the properties of Tau Scorpii (τ Sco), a magnetic star located 500 light years from Earth.
Already in 2016, Fabian Schneider and Philipp Podsiadlowski from the University of Oxford realised that τ Sco is a so-called blue straggler. Blue stragglers are the product of merged stars. “We assume that Tau Scorpii obtained its strong magnetic field during the merger process,” explains Prof. Dr Philipp Podsiadlowski. Through its computer simulations of τ Sco, the German-British research team has now demonstrated that strong turbulence during the merger of two stars can create such a field.
Credit: ESO/L. Calçada
Artists impression of a magnetar
Stellar mergers are relatively frequent: Scientists assume that about ten percent of all massive stars in the Milky Way are the products of such processes. This is in good agreement with the occurrence rate of magnetic massive stars, according to Dr Schneider. Astronomers think that these very stars could form magnetars when they explode in supernovae.
This may also happen to τ Sco when it explodes at the end of its life. The computer simulations suggest that the magnetic field generated would be sufficient to explain the exceptionally strong magnetic fields in magnetars. “Magnetars are thought to have the strongest magnetic fields in the Universe – up to one hundred million times stronger than the strongest magnetic field ever produced by humans,” says Prof. Dr Friedrich Röpke from HITS.
The research was funded by the Oxford Hintze Centre for Astrophysical Surveys and the Klaus Tschira Foundation (Heidelberg).
Physicists at Stockholm University and the Max Planck Institute for Physics have turned to plasmas in a proposal that could revolutionize the search for the elusive dark matter.
Dark matter is a mysterious substance that makes up 85% of the matter in the universe. Originally introduced to explain why the Strong Force (which holds together protons and neutrons) is the same backwards and forwards in time, the so called axion would provide a natural explanation for dark matter. Rather than discrete particles, axion dark matter would form a pervasive wave flowing throughout space.
The researchers propose a new instrument for searching dark matter axions using tunable plasmas.
Illustration: Alexander Millar/Stockholm University
The axion is one of the best explanations for dark matter but has only recently been the focus of large scale experimental effort. Due to this renaissance there has been a rush to come up with new ideas for how to look for the axion in all the areas where it could be hiding.
“Finding the axion is a bit like tuning a radio: you have to tune your antenna until you pick up the right frequency. Rather than music, experimentalists would be rewarded with ‘hearing’ the dark matter that the Earth is travelling through. Despite being well motivated, axions have been experimentally neglected during the three decades since they were named by coauthor Frank Wilczek,” says Dr. Alexander Millar, Postdoctor at the Department of Physics, Stockholm University, and author of the study.
The key insight of the research team’s new study is that inside a magnetic field axions would generate a small electric field that could be used to drive oscillations in the plasma. A plasma is a material where charged particles, such as electrons, can flow freely as a fluid. These oscillations amplify the signal, leading to a better “axion radio”. Unlike traditional experiments based on resonant cavities, there is almost no limit on how large these plasmas can be, thus giving a larger signal. The difference is somewhat like the difference between a walkie talkie and a radio broadcast tower.
The researchers propose a new instrument for searching dark matter axions using tunable plasmas. / Illustration: Alexander Millar/Stockholm University
EurekAlert | STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY
“Without the cold plasma, axions cannot efficiently convert into light. The plasma plays a dual role, both creating an environment which allows for efficient conversion, and providing a resonant plasmon to collect the energy of the converted dark matter”, says Dr. Matthew Lawson, Postdoctor at the Department of Physics, Stockholm University, also author of the study.
“This is totally a new way to look for dark matter, and will help us search for one of the strongest dark matter candidates in areas that are just completely unexplored. Building a tuneable plasma would allow us to make much larger experiments than traditional techniques, giving much stronger signals at high frequencies”, says Dr. Alexander Millar.
To tune this “axion radio” the authors propose using something called a “wire metamaterial”, a system of wires thinner than hair that can be moved to change the characteristic frequency of the plasma. Inside a large, powerful magnet, similar to those used in Magnetic Resonance Imaging machines in hospitals, a wire metamaterial turns into a very sensitive axion radio.
Searching for dark matter with plasmas will not remain just an interesting idea. In close collaboration with the researchers, an experimental group at Berkeley has been doing research and development on the concept with the intent of building such an experiment in the near future.
“Plasma haloscopes are one of the few ideas that could search for axions in this parameter space. The fact that the experimental community has latched onto this idea so quickly is very exciting and promising for building a full scale experiment”, says Dr. Alexander Millar.
Contacts and sources:
Matthew Lawson, Postdoctor at the Department of Physics, Stockholm University
Alexander Millar, Postdoctor at the Department of Physics, Stockholm University
The Milky Way Kidnapped Several Tiny Galaxies from Its Neighbor
The Milky Way Kidnapped Several Tiny Galaxies from Its Neighbor
Just like the moon orbits the Earth, and the Earth orbits the sun, galaxies orbit each other according to the predictions of cosmology.
For example, more than 50 discovered satellite galaxies orbit our own galaxy, the Milky Way. The largest of these is the Large Magellanic Cloud, or LMC, a large dwarf galaxy that resembles a faint cloud in the Southern Hemisphere night sky.
UC Riverside-led research shows our galaxy is undergoing a massive merger with its largest satellite galaxy, the Large Magellanic Cloud
Visualization of the simulations used in the study. Top left shows dark matter in white. Bottom right shows a simulated Large Magellanic Cloud-like galaxy with stars and gas, and several smaller companion galaxies
UC Riverside-led research shows our galaxy is undergoing a massive merger with its largest satellite galaxy, the Large Magellanic Cloud
Credit: UCR/Ethan Jahn
A team of astronomers led by scientists at the University of California, Riverside, has discovered that several of the small — or “dwarf” — galaxies orbiting the Milky Way were likely stolen from the LMC, including several ultrafaint dwarfs, but also relatively bright and well-known satellite galaxies, such as Carina and Fornax.
The researchers made the discovery by using new data gathered by the Gaia space telescope on the motions of several nearby galaxies and contrasting this with state-of-the-art cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. The UC Riverside team used the positions in the sky and the predicted velocities of material, such as dark matter, accompanying the LMC, finding that at least four ultrafaint dwarfs and two classical dwarfs, Carina and Fornax, used to be satellites of the LMC. Through the ongoing merger process, however, the more massive Milky Way used its powerful gravitational field to tear apart the LMC and steal these satellites, the researchers report.
Laura Sales (right), an assistant professor of physics and astronomy at UC Riverside, is seen here with Ethan Jahn, her graduate student.
Credit: UCR/Sales group
“These results are an important confirmation of our cosmological models, which predict that small dwarf galaxies in the universe should also be surrounded by a population of smaller fainter galaxy companions,” said Laura Sales, an assistant professor of physics and astronomy, who led the research team. “This is the first time that we are able to map the hierarchy of structure formation to such faint and ultrafaint dwarfs.”
The findings have important implications for the total mass of the LMC and also on the formation of the Milky Way.
“If so many dwarfs came along with the LMC only recently, that means the properties of the Milky Way satellite population just 1 billion years ago were radically different, impacting our understanding of how the faintest galaxies form and evolve,” Sales said.
Study results appear in the November 2019 issue of the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
Dwarf galaxies are small galaxies that contain anywhere from a few thousand to a few billion stars. The researchers used computer simulations from the Feedback In Realistic Environments project to show the LMC and galaxies similar to it host numerous tiny dwarf galaxies, many of which contain no stars at all — only dark matter, a type of matter scientists think constitutes the bulk of the universe’s mass.
“The high number of tiny dwarf galaxies seems to suggest the dark matter content of the LMC is quite large, meaning the Milky Way is undergoing the most massive merger in its history, with the LMC, its partner, bringing in as much as one third of the mass in the Milky Way’s dark matter halo — the halo of invisible material that surrounds our galaxy,” said Ethan Jahn, the first author of the paper and a graduate student in Sales’ research group.
Jahn explained that the number of tiny dwarf galaxies the LMC hosts may be higher than astronomers previously estimated, and that many of these tiny satellites have no stars.
“Small galaxies are hard to measure, and it’s possible that some already-known ultrafaint dwarf galaxies are in fact associated with the LMC,” he said. “It’s also possible that we will discover new ultrafaints that are associated with the LMC.”
Dwarf galaxies can either be satellites of larger galaxies, or they can be “isolated,” existing on their own and independent of any larger object. The LMC used to be isolated, Jahn explained, but it was captured by the gravity of the Milky Way and is now its satellite.
“The LMC hosted at least seven satellite galaxies of its own, including the Small Magellanic Cloud in the Southern Sky, prior to them being captured by the Milky Way,” he said.
Next, the team will study how the satellites of LMC-sized galaxies form their stars and how that relates to how much dark matter mass they have.
“It will be interesting to see if they form differently than satellites of Milky Way-like galaxies,” Jahn said.
Sales and Jahn were joined in the study Andrew Wetzel of UC Davis; Michael Boylan-Kolchin of the University of Texas at Austin; T. K. Chan of UC San Diego; Kareem El-Badry of UC Berkeley; and Alexandres Lazar and James S. Bullock of UC Irvine.
The research was supported by grants to Sales from NASA and the Hellman Foundation.
Contacts and sources:
Iqbal Pittalwala University of California – Riverside
Citation:
Dark and luminous satellites of LMC-mass galaxies in the FIRE simulations. Ethan D Jahn, Laura V Sales, Andrew Wetzel, Michael Boylan-Kolchin, T K Chan, Kareem El-Badry, Alexandres Lazar, James S Bullock. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2019; 489 (4): 5348 DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz245
Ice on Lunar South Pole May Have More than One Source, Sugests Study
Ice on Lunar South Pole May Have More than One Source, Suggests Study
New research sheds light on the ages of ice deposits reported in the area of the Moon’s south pole — information that could help identify the sources of the deposits and help in planning future human exploration.
Shackleton Crater, the floor of which is permanently shadowed from the sun, appears to be home to deposits of water ice. A new study sheds light on how old these and other deposits on the Moon’s south pole might be.
A new study sheds light on how old these and other deposits on the Moon’s south pole might be. Shackleton crater is nearly coincident with the Moon’s south pole. Its interior receives almost no direct sunlight and is a perennial cold trap, making Shackleton a promising candidate location in which to seek sequestered volatiles.
Credit: NASA
The discovery of ice deposits in craters scattered across the Moon’s south pole has helped to renew interest in exploring the lunar surface, but no one is sure exactly when or how that ice got there. A new study published in the journal Icarus suggests that while a majority of those deposits are likely billions of years old, some may be much more recent.
Ariel Deutsch, a graduate student in Brown University’s Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences and the study’s lead author, says that constraining the ages of the deposits is important both for basic science and for future lunar explorers who might make use of that ice for fuel and other purposes.
“The ages of these deposits can potentially tell us something about the origin of the ice, which helps us understand the sources and distribution of water in the inner solar system,” Deutsch said. “For exploration purposes, we need to understand the lateral and vertical distributions of these deposits to figure out how best to access them. These distributions evolve with time, so having an idea of the age is important.”
For the study, Deutsch worked with Jim Head, a professor at Brown, and Gregory Neumann from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Using data from NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, which has been orbiting the Moon since 2009, the researchers looked at the ages of the large craters in which evidence for south pole ice deposits was found. To date the craters, researchers count the number of smaller craters that have accrued inside the larger ones. Scientists have an approximate idea of the pace of impacts over time, so counting craters can help establish the ages of terrains.
The majority of the reported ice deposits are found within large craters formed about 3.1 billion years or longer ago, the study found. Since the ice can’t be any older than the crater, that puts an upper bound on the age of the ice. Just because the crater is old doesn’t mean that the ice within it is also that old too, the researchers say, but in this case there’s reason to believe the ice is indeed old. The deposits have a patchy distribution across crater floors, which suggests that the ice has been battered by micrometeorite impacts and other debris over a long period of time.
If those reported ice deposits are indeed ancient, that could have significant implications in terms of exploration and potential resource utilization, the researchers say.
Credit: NASA
“There have been models of bombardment through time showing that ice starts to concentrate with depth,” Deutsch said. “So if you have a surface layer that’s old, you’d expect more underneath.”
While the majority of ice was in the ancient craters, the researchers also found evidence for ice in smaller craters that, judging by their sharp, well-defined features, appear to be quite fresh. That suggests that some of the deposits on the south pole got there relatively recently.
“That was a surprise,” Deutsch said. “There hadn’t really been any observations of ice in younger cold traps before.”
If there are indeed deposits of different ages, the researchers say, that suggests they may also have different sources. Older ice could have been sourced from water-bearing comets and asteroids impacting the surface, or through volcanic activity that drew water from deep within the Moon. But there aren’t many big water-bearing impactors around in recent times, and volcanism is thought to have ceased on the Moon over a billion years ago. So more recent ice deposits would require different sources — perhaps bombardment from pea-sized micrometeorites or implantation by solar wind.
The best way to find out for sure, the researchers say, is to send spacecraft there to get some samples. And that appears to be on the horizon. NASA’s Artemis program aims to put humans on the Moon by 2024, and plans to fly numerous precursor missions with robotic spacecraft in the meantime. Head, a study co-author and Deutsch’s Ph.D. advisor, says studies like this one will help to shape those future missions.
“When we think about sending humans back to the Moon for long-term exploration, we need to know what resources are there that we can count on, and we currently don’t know,” Head said. “Studies like this one help us make predictions about where we need to go to answer those questions.”
Contacts and sources:
Kevin Stacey Brown University
Citation:
Analyzing the ages of south polar craters on the Moon: Implications for the sources and evolution of surface water ice.. Ariel N. Deutsch, James W. Head, Gregory A. Neumann. Icarus, 2019; 113455 DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2019.113455
UFO Caught In Three Photo Traveling Through Storm Clouds! Oct 2019, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Caught In Three Photo Traveling Through Storm Clouds! Oct 2019, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Oct 11, 2019
Location of sighting: Iberia, Louisiana, USA
Source: MUFON #103948
I had to crop the photos, they were just too big. So here is the main parts of each of the three. This white long craft was recorded in three photos as it shot through the clouds. It seems to be following the direction of a jet contrail, perhaps its interested in pollution caused by planes or the technology of the plane itself. This is clearly not a jet, because a jet would not be caught in only 3 photos, thats just moving many times faster than a jet. Storms often have UFOs nearby. The UFOs seem to charge up the storms causing the storms to grow and create thunder and lightning.
Scott C. Waring
Eyewitness states:
I was taking photos of storm clouds shortly after 8AM, and through a break in them I observed an odd looking "doughnuts on a rope" contrail above the cloud cover...I did not see its formation or what made it but whatever did appeared to have been moving in a roughly east to west direction based on how the trail was dispersing. I snapped three photos of the contrail; the first two were maybe a second apart and the the third was maybe 4 seconds later...the delay and color difference in pic #3 was the result of changing the phone camera setting back to normal when I realized it still had a "film" filter applied. I was completely unaware that the seemingly rod shaped object in the photos was there when I was shooting these photos, and only saw it upon reviewing the pictures zoomed in.
Alien Disk Passing Moon Caught By Astronomer Club, Oct 11, 2019, UFO Sighting News.
Alien Disk Passing Moon Caught By Astronomer Club, Oct 11, 2019, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Oct 11, 2019
Location of sighting: Earths moon
Source: MUFON #103950
This UFO was caught passing the moon yesterday and the object has no wings, no visible engines and no contrail. There is nothing about it to indicate that its man made or animal. This looks like the side view of a perfect disk. They do travel fast at times and when they do, a single photo is a lucky catch for sure. Its a shame they didn't take video, I would have loved to see how this thing moves. I do notice there is a blur around the UFO. Often UFOs do have a blur area around them due to the alien propulsion systems.
Scott C. Waring
Eyewitness states:
On October 11th, 2019 we attended an astronomy night.. we took some photos of the moon through a telescope and found an anomaly on the last photo. We took 3 photos and it only appears on the last.
Joe Scarbrow was working near his home in Cesar NC when he found some bigfoot tracks. Bigfoot is said to be a creature of earth and maybe so, but I believe its alien in origin and lives below ground in an alien base. But every so often a few have to come to the surface for rituals that are of cultural significance. We cant find them because they do have alien technology and they do have bases below ground. Bigfoot is not an individual, but a species of alien. And really, is it alien if its born on earth in an underground base?
China Shows Off UFO At Airshow, UFO Sighting News.
China Shows Off UFO At Airshow, UFO Sighting News.
Date of display: Oct 10, 2019 Location of display: Tianjin, China
China has unveiled a new stealth helicopter that is in the shape of a UFO disk. The disk look very similar to a lot of UFOs seen around the world for decades, so it seems that China is taking its info for design directly from UFO reports. China is working hard at this airshow to reveal its newest aircraft in order to show off its military muscle. The disk is probably the generation 1 of its type, so China probably has a ten 10 or higher of this craft now...which means no more helicopter rotor, which was probably replaced by three actual alien craft anti propulsion generators. China is showing off its aircraft...but we all know its top secret craft are still being hidden from the public. Much like Americas TR3B secret military craft with alien propulsion systems installed...this kind of tech is capable of space travel at partial light speed. Scott C. Waring-Taiwan
You know all those other abundantly credible reports we’ve shared in the past about aliens and UFO sightings? Like the one earlier this week about a red triangular craft that was recorded hovering in the Texas sky in perhaps the “clearest ufo footage” ever? Or that one about a Top Gun Navy pilot who described his incredible UFO encounter? Or that one last week about a strange “fleet” of 14 glowing UFOs that was spotted and caught on camera off the coast of North Carolina?
Yeah, well, those are all old news. The new UFO slash alien hotness right now comes to us from UFO and extraterrestrial hunter Scott Waring who has gone to painstaking lengths to prove that there is an “alien city” in an archived NASA photo of the Moon’s poles. Or as he puts it in his article’s headline: “100% Proof That Aliens Currently Live On Our Moon.”
100 PERCENT, PEOPLE. That’s VERY definitive. Pay attention.
“These alien structures are almost impossible to see, yet they are there,” says Waring, who goes on to prove his discovery by adding “a bit of shadows and the building’s shape and surface became visible.”
PIXABAY
After adding the shadows, Waring points out something that is “like a giant alien air vent, leading to an alien base below the ground. It is not an air vent, of course, but is more likely a doorway.”
Of course. Duh.
“Or it could be an entrance to some sort of space port,” he adds.
Definitely.
“When we imagine an alien city, we see structures like our own, but in 1 million or even 1 billion years are humans really going to make such structures or are we going to change everything about them?” Waring asked on his website. “Well, thats [how] technology evolves with a species. I mean it wasn’t long ago that the world once thought that the Sun revolved around the Earth.”
Needless to say, many of Waring’s YouTube followers were very impressed.
“You RULE Dude!!! Our Space Force has barracks “somewhere”?!! Seriously tho’…the aliens mine H3 for fusion reactors. I think,” wrote Petro Phishhed.
Viewer George Mair concurred, “An amazing find Scott it looks like a giant city of some sort? Definitely intelligently made structures?”
Don’t believe him? Take a look for yourself and always remember…
The back gate is seen at the top-secret military installation at the Nevada Test and Training Range known as Area 51 on July 22, 2019 near Rachel, Nevada.
It’s an absurd (and incredibly dangerous) idea — the Air Force has warned that it will defend the facility vigorously — but the impulse behind it is perhaps understandable. For decades, the American imagination has run wild conjuring up all sorts of conspiracy theories about what is really going on at the site.
Is it a place where the US government is hiding UFOs and aliens? Or is it just a boring military base? And if it’s just a boring military base, why is the US government so obsessed with keeping everything about it a secret?
To write the book, Jacobsen interviewed over 70 people who had first-hand knowledge of the secret facility, including 32 who lived and worked at Area 51. The result is basically the most comprehensive account of the history of Area 51 you can get without a super-high-level security clearance.
If anyone had answers for me, it was her. And boy did she. But she also left me with new mysteries I hadn’t even known to ask about.
Our conversation, lightly edited for length and clarity, follows.
Alex Ward
Okay, let’s get right to it: What is Area 51, really?
Annie Jacobsen
Area 51 was the birthplace of overhead espionage for the CIA. It’s where the U-2 spy plane was first built back in the 1950s, and it’s where the intelligence community has worked with its military partners and others to work on espionage platforms.
It’s also a place where all elements of the Defense Department work on some of their most classified programs along with members of the intelligence community, of which there are many.
There’s also an element of Area 51 where the CIA trains its foreign paramilitary partners in counterterrorism tactics. They do this out on the wilds of Area 51 because they can bring some foreign fighters there who would otherwise not be welcomed into the country.
So the US can fly them in a plane with the windows drawn, drop them off, train them, and neither the fighters nor the American public have any idea where they were or what was going on.
Alex Ward
How important has Area 51 been to developing America’s spying capabilities?
Annie Jacobsen
We would not have the kinds of incredible overhead espionage technology that we have today without the existence of Area 51. It allowed the different wings of the federal government to pursue technologies in a very large open area that they could otherwise not pursue.
The U-2 spy plane flew at 70,000 feet and 500 miles an hour. Think about how much work you would have to do to make something like that — it was this incredibly delicate plane. Pilots died out there testing it.
But it taught the powers that be that with this incredible effort of testing, you could achieve radical technologies.
Alex Ward
Why did this place become such a hotbed for spying technology and training? Is it just because it’s so remote and so big?
Annie Jacobsen
When the base was founded back in the early 1950s, President Eisenhower tasked a guy named Richard Bissell from the CIA to find the most remote, most secretive place in the United States where they could work on the U-2 spy plane away from any prying eyes — Soviet or otherwise.
So Bissell smartly flew around with another CIA fellow and found the perfect fulfillment of that presidential request: a secret base centered around a dry lakebed in the middle of Nevada, located inside an already classified facility where the government was exploding nuclear weapons.
There was no way, Bissell realized, that anyone was going to try to get into this facility. Why would they want to? There were bombs going off!
Alex Ward
Everything about Area 51 screams secrecy — not just the location, but those who work there are brought into a very secretive culture in which it’s extremely taboo to divulge anything. So how did the UFOs and aliens narrative come about?
Annie Jacobsen
Well, it remained obscured to the outside world until the late 1980s, when an engineer named Bob Lazar went on a local Nevada news program and stated that he had worked at Area 51 on a flying saucer that he believed had come from outer space. Bob Lazar also told the public he thought he saw an alien.
That was the moment Area 51 became a public fascination. It had been completely cloaked in secrecy before that.
And in all the decades since, interest in the site has gained momentum around two ideas: the theory that the US military has been reverse-engineering UFOs and alien technology at the site, and the truth about the base that some of the most remarkably advanced technology platforms have been created and tested out there.
Alex Ward
Why haven’t any real secrets come out, though?
Annie Jacobsen
Bits and pieces of rumors would emerge over the decades, but the CIA had a very hefty disinformation and misinformation campaign going on out of Area 51.
The best example is in the 1950s when the U-2 spy plane was occasionally spotted. It basically looked like a flying cross way, way, way up high in the sky. And people would write to their Congressman and say, “I saw a UFO. Nothing flies this high.” They were right in that regard. Nothing did fly that high, as far as anyone knew.
And so the CIA, as we know from declassified documents now, used that misidentification to their advantage. It let the UFO mythology evolve because it served as a useful cover for the secret base.
Alex Ward
Did the CIA propagate the aliens story, too?
Annie Jacobsen
I don’t know of the CIA using the alien myth. I’ve never heard of it. But that’s a great question; no one’s actually ever asked me that.
Alex Ward
Okay, so we have this secretive testing site for overhead spy aircraft. What does this mysterious place actually look like?
Annie Jacobsen
Area 51 is part of the Nevada Test and Training Range, which is a large federal piece of property; it’s roughly the size of Connecticut. Area 51 is a tiny parcel of land in that area that surrounds this dry lakebed. The exact dimensions obviously have never been reported, but you can hazard a guess based on looking at the map.
Area 51Courtesy of Annie Jacobsen
We know what happened from the 1950s through the 1970s, which was basically work on advanced aircraft for spying. But what gets very mysterious is what was going on in the 1990s and the 2000s, and certainly ever since the War on Terror.
I have absolutely no information about that. It’s a jealously guarded secret, but you can be sure that whatever is being built and tested out there has evolved from the technology systems that were worked on before. We know the base is still flourishing despite people saying it’s not.
The first president to state the word or phrase “Area 51” publicly was President Obama during an awards ceremony at the Kennedy Center. And when he did that, in essence, the words “Area 51” became declassified.
Alex Ward
The secrecy around Area 51 is surely what is making thousands say they want to storm that region. What will they see on the very off chance they try and succeed?
Annie Jacobsen
I couldn’t even begin to speculate on whether or not anyone could get into Area 51 to see what’s going on because it’s fundamentally impossible. To think that the government isn’t uniquely aware of everyone who goes anywhere near that facility is naive. A group of people massing anywhere near that facility is not going to happen. Local law enforcement would step in in a preemptive manner far before that happened.
Alex Ward
When people ask you to divulge some of the secrets you learned from Area 51, what do you tell them?
Annie Jacobsen
Well, first I send them to my book, of course.
Separate from that, I have interviewed scores of very smart, very highly placed government personnel who visited the base and believe the technology they saw is so advanced that they question whether or not it’s manmade. That’s intriguing to me. I don’t report on that because there is no documentation to support that claim, but that is the opinion of many people that I know.
Alex Ward
To be clear, these are people who worked on these programs?
Annie Jacobsen
No, these are individuals who have visited the base and have been asked their expert opinion and analysis on classified programs.
Alex Ward
Just based on that, if someone were to ask you — and I guess that someone would be me — would you say with 100 percent confidence that there is no out-of-this-world technology being worked on at Area 51?
Annie Jacobsen
I report my books based on what qualified, competent, multi-sourced individuals tell me, and then I strive to back up information based on declassified documents that exist on the record. So I steer clear of reporting things that are observed but can’t be verified.
Alex Ward
Fair enough, though that’s fascinating to me.
What also intrigued me about what I learned from your book is that Area 51 seems like the quintessential Cold War location. Almost movie-like. It seems to have maintained that ethos, especially the drive to have the best technology and the guarded secrecy around such efforts.
Annie Jacobsen
That’s a great observation on your part, and I believe speaks to the broader secrecy campaign at work in Area 51’s favor. One could argue that all this business of captured UFOs from outer space and aliens is terrific chatter, right? “Look over here!” And people get to think, “Oh, Area 51 is just a Cold War relic.”
My suspicion, though, is that some of the most cutting-edge science and technology programs are being tested at Area 51 today. We won’t know about them for decades. But years from now the future technology that was being built there during the War on Terror will look quaint. Anachronistic. Outdated.
Alex Ward
That is my real fascination with Area 51. Yes, there’s the UFOs and alien stuff, but it’s possibly a very important epicenter for the future of American defense, of technological progress.
The life-or-death moments in America’s future are, if not being seeded at Area 51, they’re in a sense being decided there. To me, that’s a great story in and of itself.
Annie Jacobsen
That was beautifully said. There’s your closing paragraph. You don’t need me. That was perfect.
The retired Navy Commander who spotted the infamous Tic Tac-shaped UFO relayed another strange story from a Navy helicopter pilot on the Joe Rogan Experience.
Back in the '90s, the pilot was retrieving BQM drones and submarine telemetry torpedoes from the ocean when he saw an unexplained "dark mass coming up from the depths."
The pilot said the torpedo "just got sucked down underwater, and the object just descended back down into the depths."
You might not know the name David Fravor, but you probably know what he saw … even if he’s still not sure what that was. Fravor is the retired U.S. Navy Commander who in 2017 told the New York Times that he spotted a Tic Tac-shaped UFO from the cockpit of his F/A-18F Super Hornet—“around 40 feet long and oval in shape”—100 miles off the coast of San Diego in 2004.
There’s video, of course, of Fravor’s now-legendary encounter, originally released for public viewing by The New York Times and To The Stars Academy of Arts & Science, a UFO research group from former Blink-182 member Tom DeLonge:
Last month, that UFO video made headlines once more when the Navy confirmed it was real. The clip indeed showed “unexplained aerial phenomena,” but the service said it and two other videos should have never been released to the public in the first place.
So Fravor has begun the requisite publicity tour. In an interview with the comedian and podcaster Joe Rogan, Fravor recounted his sighting from 15 years ago, but also revealed a new story from a Navy helicopter pilot who reached out with his own strange, creepy tale while on the job.
Back in the ‘90s, this pilot’s job was to fetch BQM aerial target drones and submarine telemetry torpedoes from the ocean. At the time, the pilot was flying a CH-53—“a big, heavy-lifter the Marine Corps uses for certain things,” Fravor told Rogan. “Off the East Coast they do a lot of shooting, at the time it was off Puerto Rico.”
“The helo drops a swimmer in the water, he hooks the whole thing up and they fly back,” Fravor said. “The first time they were out and they were going to pick up a BQM, he’s sitting in the front—in the CH-53 you can see down by your feet—and as he’s looking down, they’re 50 feet (15 metres) above the water, he sees this kind of dark mass coming up from the depths.”
As the pilot picked up the BQM, he was apparently at a loss for words. “He’s looking at this thing going, ‘What the hell is that?’ And then it just goes back down underwater. Once they pull the kid and the BQM out of the water, this object descends back into the depths.”
One dark mass coming up from the depths is weird enough. Two is officially cause for concern. A few months later, the helicopter pilot saw the exact same thing.
“He’s out picking up a torpedo, they hook the diver up on the winch, and as they’re lowering him down, he sees this big mass. He goes, ‘It’s not a submarine’. He’s seen submarines before. Once you’ve seen a submarine you can’t confuse it with something else. This big object, kind of circular, is coming up from the depths and he starts screaming through the intercom system to tell them to pull the diver up, and the diver’s only a few feet from the water.
“They reverse the winch and the diver’s thinking, ‘What the hell is going on?’ And all of a sudden he said the torpedo just got sucked down underwater, and the object just descended back down into the depths. They never recovered it.”
The helicopter pilot swears the torpedo didn’t sink, per Fravor—and that pilot even told the Times about the incident back in 2017, but the paper never reported it. We’re guessing the editors would reconsider today.
So … what was the dark mass if it wasn’t a submarine? A whale? The Loch Ness Monster? For now we can only speculate, at least until the next video leaks.
Hot liquid that churns around Earth's outer core powers a gigantic magnetic field that's been hugging our planet since its infancy, protecting it from harmful solar radiation. But this magnetic field is known to get restless — and a couple of times every million years or so, the poles flip, and magnetic south becomes magnetic north and vice versa.
Now, a new study suggests that the magnetic poles can flip much more frequently than scientists thought. That's what seems to have happened around 500 million years ago during the Cambrian period, when Earth's creatures were undergoing evolutionary growth spurts, transforming into more complex life-forms.
To understand the workings of the magnetic field during this time, a group of researchers from the Institute of Physics of the Globe of Paris and the Russian Academy of Sciences collected sediment samples from an outcrop in northeastern Siberia.
In the lab, they determined the orientation of magnetic particles trapped in the sediments by slowly heating them to extreme temperatures to demagnetize them. The orientation of the particles corresponded to the magnetic field direction (which way magnetic north pointed, for instance) at the time and place the sediment was deposited. The researchers fine-tuned the age of the sediments by dating trilobite fossils found in the same layers, and were thus able to approximate when the magnetic fields flipped.
The team found that around 500 million years ago, the planet's magnetic field flipped about 26 times every million years or so — the highest frequency ever suggested. That's "extreme," considering that until recently, five flips per million years was considered very high, said lead author Yves Gallet, research director of the French National Center for Scientific Research at the Institute of Physics of the Globe of Paris.
But perhaps "just as interesting" is that shortly after this time, within a few million years, the frequency of flipping dropped off extremely quickly, Gallet said. Between 495 million and 500 million years ago, the magnetic field started flipping at a rate of about one to two times every million years.
The "dominant idea for many years" was that the frequency of magnetic field reversals would only evolve gradually across tens of millions of years, he said. But "here we show a sudden change in reversal frequency occurring on a million-year timescale."
It's clear that the process that generated the magnetic field in the outer core 500 million years ago was very different from that observed today, he added. But what, exactly pushed Earth's magnetic field to flip so frequently, is unclear, he said. One possibility is that the frequent reversals could have been caused by changes in thermal conditions at the boundary between the liquid-iron outer core and the mantle driven by mantle dynamics, he said. Recent studies have also suggested that the inner core may have begun to cool and solidify around 600 or 700 million years ago. This process could have also played a role in the functioning of the magnetic field, he said.
The last magnetic field reversal happened around 780,000 years ago, but although there are concerns that it might happen again soon — which might temporarily weaken the field, causing harmful solar radiation to reach us — it's likely not "soon" in terms of human years.
"It is important to remember that the timescale we are considering for the evolution in magnetic reversal frequency is at least a few millions of years," Gallet said. At this scale, the magnetic field reversals could evolve to be more or less rapid. But "a magnetic polarity reversal is not for tomorrow," he added.
Editor's Note: This article was updated on Oct. 11 at 9:50 a.m. to clarify that the frequent reversals could have been caused by changes in the thermal conditions at the boundary between the liquid-iron core and the mantle, rather than in the liquid-iron core. Originally published on Live Science.
This illustration shows gas rising and falling in and out of the Milky Way galaxy using Hubble's COS instrument. With 10 years of data from COS, astronomers have found that there is more gas coming into our galaxy than leaving it.
Astronomers have discovered a strange surplus of gas in the Milky Way galaxy.
Using 10 years of data from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, the team of astronomers concluded that there is more gas coming into our galaxy than leaving it. Rather than an equilibrium of gas entering and escaping, there is a significant imbalance, though the team behind this finding has not yet found the source for this gaseous disparity.
The researchers used data from Hubble's Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS), which allows the space telescope to study objects that absorb or emit light and determine aspects such as their temperature, chemical makeup, velocity and density. With COS, the team could observe and track the movement of gases in the galaxy: the gases appear redder as they move away from our galaxy, and bluer as they get closer through the phenomena known as redshift and blueshift.
This allowed the researchers to see that there was more "blue" (entering) gas than "red" (exiting) gas. Although the researchers have not pinpointed the source of this imbalance, they think that it could possibly be caused by one of three things.
First, the astronomers think that this excess gas could be coming from the interstellar medium. Second, they suggest that the Milky Way is using its impressive gravitational pull to swipe gas from smaller, nearby galaxies, according to a statement.
Additionally, seeing as this study considered only cool gases, researchers think that hotter gases might also contribute to this finding.
Gases leave our galaxy when events like supernovae and stellar winds push them out of the Milky Way's galactic disk. When gases fall back into our galaxy, they contribute to the formation of new stars and planets. So the balance between the inflow and outflow of gases is important to regulating how objects such as stars form in galaxies like ours.
"Studying our own galaxy in detail provides the basis for understanding galaxies across the universe, and we have realized that our galaxy is more complicated than we imagined," co-author Philipp Richter of the University of Potsdam in Germany said in the statement.
This research will be published in a study in The Astrophysical Journal.
Aliens DO exist and we can't be unique in universe, says ex-head of MI6
Aliens DO exist and we can't be unique in universe, says ex-head of MI6
EXCLUSIVE: The views of Sir John Sawers are backed by more than half of Brits
By Oliver Pritchard
58% of the British public believe that some form of intelligent life exists
(Image: Getty Images)
Britain's former top spy has amazingly claimed that aliens do exist.
Sir John Sawers, the ex-head of MI6, shared his views at the Digital Transformation EXPO in London. He said the universe’s infinite size means it would be “extraordinary” if comparable life doesn’t exist elsewhere.
He said: “I think it would be extraordinary if in an infinite solar system that planet Earth was unique.
“I think we should go forward on the assumption that nothing on this planet is unique.”
The views of Sir John, who was Chief of the Secret Intelligence Service from 2009 until 2014, are backed by more than half the UK public.
A YouGov survey in 2015 found that 58% of us people believe intelligent life exists, but is too far away to contact.
A marginally lower number think that human beings are not yet advanced enough to communicate with aliens.
Meanwhile nearly one in five people are convinced that we have contacted intelligent life but the government has covered it up.
Sir John isn’t the only big name to agree that aliens exist.
Before his death, pioneering scientist Professor Stephen Hawking said the search for extra-terrestrial life was “the most exciting quest in 21st-century science”.
Sir Jeremy spoke weeks after it was claimed we are closer than ever to discovering aliens.
Last month British scientists discovered the first planet warm and wet enough to support life. Called K2-18b it is 110 light years away.
4 Kilometer Planet Killer Asteroid 1998 OR2 Headed Towards Earth In 2020
4 Kilometer Planet Killer Asteroid 1998 OR2 Headed Towards Earth In 2020
NASA warned that one of the biggest and most dangerous asteroids it has detected is moving towards Earth. If this massive asteroid ends up on a collision course with the planet, it could trigger an extinction-level event.
The approaching asteroid, identified as 52768 (1998 OR2), is currently being monitored by NASA’ Center for Near Earth Object Studies (CNEOS). According to the agency, this asteroid is currently moving at a speed of 31,320 kilometers per hour. It has an estimated diameter of 4.1 kilometers, making it significantly longer than the entire Hollywood Walk of Fame.
A new report indicates that a total of 26 nuclear-level asteroid impacts have hit Earth since 2000.
Photo: Donald Davis
CNEOS noted that this mountain-sized asteroid is expected to fly past Earth on April 29, 2020. During this time, the asteroid is expected to be about 6.3 million kilometers from the planet’s center.
Although this seems like a very safe distance, 52768 (1998 OR2) is classified by CNEOS as a potentially hazardous asteroid. According to the agency, the asteroid is a member of the Amor family, which means it has a very wide orbit around the Earth and the Sun. Occasionally, the asteroid flies near the planet as it completes its cycle around the giant star.
Due to the asteroid’s near-Earth approaches as well as its massive size, 52768 (1998 OR2) poses a huge threat to the planet. If the asteroid’s current trajectory slightly changes, which can easily happen due to gravitational forces in space, it could end up on a collision course with Earth.
Given the asteroid’s size and speed, an Earth impact caused by 52768 (1998 OR2) would create a crater that’s at least 50 kilometers wide. The massive explosion from the impact event would generate violent Earthquakes. It would also send molten debris flying into the sky and crashing on different parts of the world. The intense heatwave from the blast would travel for hundreds of kilometers, incinerating everything in its path.
Eventually, the dust and debris from the impact event would cover the atmosphere, preventing sunlight from penetrating and reaching the Earth’s surface. This event, known as a nuclear winter, would last for several months and could lead to the deaths of various species on the planet.
Man says he found footprints in North Carolina that aren't human or animal
Man says he found footprints in North Carolina that aren't human or animal
Joe Scarborough in Cesar, North Carolina recently stumbled upon a series of sizable prints that left him wondering if they may have been created by Bigfoot.
Joe initially suspected that perhaps the large prints had come from a human, marveling to himself that "somebody's got a big foot."
When he looked closer at the tracks, he was struck by the sheer size of the impressions, noting that they seemed to measure thirteen or fourteen inches long, reports CoasttoCoast.
He says he will spend the night near the tracks in Cesar, NC with his cameras in the coming days to see what else he can find.
Several Glowing Objects Hanging Above the Horizon in a Lagoon Off the Coast of North Carolina
Several Glowing Objects Hanging Above the Horizon in a Lagoon Off the Coast of North Carolina
A new YouTube video shows fourteen bright objects floating over the horizon in the Pamlico Sound lagoon off the North Carolina coast.
The video uploader William Guy was on a ferry travelling across the lagoon when he noticed mysterious objects in the sky. He immediately switched on his camera to get a video of his UFO sighting. The video initially shows the sky and orange horizon during sunset.
Then 14 bright round objects came into view. Mr Guy pans the camera right and left then focuses on the hovering objects again after showing that nothing in the sky at all except those glowing objects.
Mr Guy claimed that there were some 25 people on the ferry aside from him, and everyone saw the bright objects and recorded them on video as well.
Some conspiracy theorists expressed their delight about the video stating that Earth is under heavy observation. However, sceptics argued that the glowing objects were not UFOs but signal flares used in the military as training targets.
Russian Coal Miners Discover a Mysterious Object That Looks Like a Flying Saucer
Russian Coal Miners Discover a Mysterious Object That Looks Like a Flying Saucer
A recently-resurfaced video has revealed a UFO that has been found buried in a coal mine in Russia. Russian state media claimed the strange UFO-shaped thing was found in a coal mine in Belovo District, Kemerovo.
According to Russia Today, the UFO measured 3.9 ft or 1.2 m across and weighed around 200 kg. The off-the-wall claims were supported by a short interview with an unnamed man who claimed to have helped found the UFO.
He said the excavator driver informed him to have found a strange object on the coal face. When he arrived at the coal-basin, he saw the unusual thing. At first, he thought it was a shield, but when they put it on its edge, he saw that it looked like a UFO.
He suggested it might be some kind of object for throwing as he brought up the possibility that the ancients were bigger than us. He also said that it could be a miniature copy created by people who saw spaceships in the sky.
A black ring-shaped UFO has appeared in the sky above Russia, causing wild claims that a space portal to another dimension has formed.
The exciting footage was shot in Moscow where multiple locals shared photos of what they described as a mysterious alien-like circle.
Conspiracy theorists, meanwhile, sensationally called it as a portal to another world, which the space aliens forgot to close and hide in an invisible mode.
The UFO sighting still sparked speculation as to what has caused the ring-shaped UFO to appear if not aliens.
The clip shows the black ring floating aimlessly in the sky.
The size of the ring becomes more evident when the cameraman zooms in.
After being uploaded online, many viewers provided their take as to what the object could have been.
Some say it was a flock of birds, but others argued that birds don’t fly in such circles and not moving enough.
Several others suggested it might be smoke, but the ring stayed in place despite relatively strong winds.
There were also suggestions the mysterious ring was a trace from a military aircraft that had been made with an explosion or gone through the sound barrier, which had left only a black circle.
One viewer suggested it was like a portal to another world.
Yuri Senkin, a UFO specialist from the Academy of Informatics and Applied Ufology, said that there’s no obvious explanation for this phenomenon from a scientific point of view.
Goodness gracious! Great balls of fire rained from the sky in Chile last week, and officials are still trying to figure out what they were and where they came from.
One thing is certain: The mysterious burning objects were not meteors, according to news reports.
The fiery UFOs descended on Dalcahue City on the Chilean island of Chiloé on Sept. 25, CNET reported. . The tumbling objects crash-landed in seven locations, setting off fires that were promptly put out by volunteer firefighters. .
Chiloé island resident Bernardita Ojeda had one fireball land on her property, where the flames ignited a few bushes, Ojeda told local news station Channel 2.
Geologists from Chile's National Geology and Mining Service soon arrived to examine the seven sites that had been scorched by the falling space stuff. While they conducted their analyses, the story spread through local news, social media and national outlets.
Chilean astronomer and astrophysicist José Maza told Chilean news network TVN that the blazing bodies were likely either meteorites or space debris that had detached from rockets or satellites, according to CNET. On Sept. 26, astronomer Jonathan McDowell of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics chimed in on Twitter, saying that the falling objects were probably meteorites and that there were "no obvious space debris candidates that [he could] see."
"But [it] sometimes takes a few days for relevant data to come in," McDowell added.
On Sept. 28, the geologists released their official assessment: None of the seven sites contained traces of meteorite. Since the mysterious objects weren't meteors, logic dictates that they must have been wayward space junk, but officials said they'll be conducting more detailed analyses of soil samples collected from the singed sites to make sure, according to CNET. The geologists will release their results later this month. Only time will tell what exactly fell from the heavens on that unusual September evening.
'Top Secret' Radar Upgrade Reportedly Allowed US Navy to Finally Spot UFOs
'Top Secret' Radar Upgrade Reportedly Allowed US Navy to Finally Spot UFOs
The former naval radar operator noted that “everyone is seeing” the UFOs since a certain secret upgrade was introduced to US warships “fleet-wide”.
It appears that the infamous encounter of an unidentified “Tic Tac”-shaped object by the Nimitz Carrier Strike Group was made possible due to a certain upgrade introduced to the warships’ spyware, according the recent revelations made by a retired US Navy Senior Chief Operations Specialist named Kevin Day.
During a recent interview on the “Truth Be Told” podcast, Day, who served as a radar operator on the USS Princeton, part of the aforementioned carrier group, mused that UFOs might’ve been around for quite some time before the Nimitz incident, when mankind upped its detection game
"There had been a top-secret upgrade of our system that had gotten underway”, he said as quoted by the Daily Star. “They upgraded our cooperative engagement capability and did some tweaking on our spy radar and the way that it all works. I think because of these upgrades we were suddenly able to see things that had always been there.”
Day also remarked that the hypothesis about the older detection systems simply being unable to spot UFOs might explain why “everyone is seeing them” now, after the radar upgrade in question was introduced “fleet-wide.”
And when the host asked him whether he thinks that the object they encountered back then was an extraterrestrial craft, Day said yes.
"This was non-newtonian, it was non-classical physics we're seeing so it had to be something", he said. "What other explanations are there?"
The War Zone has been reporting on a set of bizarre patents assigned to the U.S. Navy that describe radical new technologies that could absolutely revolutionize the aerospace field, and frankly, the very way we live our lives. These include high-energy electromagnetic fields used to create force fields and outlandish new methods of aerospace propulsion and vehicle design that basically read as UFO-like technology. You can learn all about these patents, their viability, and the issues surrounding them in theseexclusive features of ours. Now, the same mysterious Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division engineer behind those patents has produced another patent—one for a compact fusion reactor that could pump out absolutely incredible amounts of power in a small space—maybe even in a craft.
Energy dominance has become a cornerstone of American military policy as laboratories seek to develop the ‘Holy Grail’ of power generation: nuclear fusion. These attempts at developing stable fusion reactors utilize incredibly powerful magnetic fields in order to contain the nuclear reactions occurring inside. Creating a stable fusion reaction is difficult enough, but some laboratories are going even further by attempting to create compact reactors small enough to fit inside shipping containers or even possibly vehicles
The form of nuclear power generation employed in nuclear reactors today is fission, in which unstable isotopes of uranium and other radioactive materials are bombarded with particles, splitting them apart and releasing energy. Fusion, on the other hand, involves uniting atoms of hydrogen isotopes like Tritium and Deuterium under extreme pressure and temperature to produce helium isotopes and neutrons, a process that releases large amounts of energy.
If it can be achieved, nuclear fusion would be a massive improvement over fission in that it produces much lower levels of radioactive waste and greenhouse gases, does not require enriched nuclear material that could be used to produce weapons, has a far lower risk of meltdown, and can be powered by more sustainable fuel sources. Fusion has long been hailed as a long-term solution to humankind's energy needs.
While nuclear physicists and engineers have been conducting experiments with fusion reactor designs for decades, it remains challenging, to say the least, to engineer systems that can contain temperatures of hundreds of millions of degrees Fahrenheit and extremely high pressures. Most of the world’s 'successful' fusion reactors are currently only able to maintain plasma discharges for periods of time measured in minutes or even seconds.
Even more challenging is designing nuclear fusion reactors that are mobile, such as ones that might fit inside a shipping container or a ship. Currently, most of the world’s experimental fusion reactors are the size of large buildings and the ultimate goal of much current research is to develop compact fusion reactor systems, or CFRs, small enough to work on a ship or possibly even an aircraft.
In spite of these hurdles, think tanks, such as the American Security Project, believe that fusion reactors in the 21st Century will provide low cost, carbon-free energy to the world, and predict that the United States can lead the world in finally realizing safe and stable nuclear fusion reactors.
The War Zone has been reporting on Lockheed Martin’s Skunk Works work to create a game-changing compact fusion reactor. The elite aerospace design unit has been constructing a new, more powerful experimental reactor as recently as July 2019.
Aside from Lockheed Martin, several private firms have been developing their own compact fusion reactors in recent years, and the government-run Chinese Academy of Sciences has claimed to have made significant progress in developing fusion reactors that could one day be capable of producing revolutionary levels of energy.
LOCKHEED MARTIN
Skunk Works team members at work on their experimental compact fusion reactor.
While Lockheed Martin’s CFR designs have garnered quite a bit of media attention and internet buzz in recent years, it appears one of the Skunk Works' major clients is also hard at work in this field. The U.S. Navy has filed a potentially revolutionary patent application for a radical new compact fusion reactor that claims to improve upon the shortcomings of the Skunk Works CFR, and judging from the identity of the reactor’s inventor, it's sure to raise eyebrows in the scientific community.
This latest design is the brainchild of the elusive Salvatore Cezar Pais, the inventor of the Navy’s bizarre and controversial room temperature superconductors, high energy electromagnetic field generators, and sci-fi-sounding propulsion technologies that The War Zone has previously reported on. The patent for Pais’ “Plasma Compression Fusion Device” was applied for on March 22, 2018, and was just published on September 26, 2019. The claim states, in part:
"At present there are few envisioned fusion reactors/devices that come in a small, compact package (ranging from 0.3 to 2 meters in diameter) and typically they use different versions of plasma magnetic confinement. Three such devices are the Lockheed Martin (LM) Skunk Works Compact Fusion Reactor (LM-CFR) , the EMC2 Polywell fusion concept, and the Princeton Field-Reversed Configuration (PFRC) machine. [...] These devices feature short plasma confinement times, possible plasma instabilities with the scaling of size, and it is questionable whether they have the ability of achieving the break - even fusion condition, let alone a self-sustained plasma burn leading to ignition."
It is claimed in the patent application that this plasma compression fusion device is capable of producing power in the gigawatt (1 billion watts) to terawatt (1 trillion watts) range and above with input power only in the kilowatt (1,000 watts) to megawatt (1,000,000 watts) range. By comparison, America's largest nuclear power plant, the Palo Verde nuclear power plant in Arizona, generates around 4,000 megawatts (4 gigawatts), and the A1B nuclear reactors designed for the Navy's Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carriers generate around 700 megawatts. The patent even claims that the device can "possibly lead to ignition plasma burn, that is self-sustained plasma burn without need for external input power."
USPTO
Patent documentation showing the spinning, electrically-charged fusors (200) which are claimed to be able to contain nuclear plasma (75) in a high-energy magnetic field.
Most fusion reactor designs employ magnetic confinement to contain fusion reactions. This involves torus-shaped coils of superconductors to produce powerful magnetic fields that confine a reactor's plasma core.
The Navy's new plasma compression fusion device, however, claims as its key feature the same principle as in Salvatore Pais' other inventions: the “controlled motion of electrically charged matter via accelerated vibration and/or accelerated spin subjected to smooth yet rapid acceleration transients, in order to generate extremely high energy/high intensity electromagnetic fields.” Pais cites some of his prior publications as evidence that this type of spinning, vibrating electromagnetic system can create the high magnetic fields required to contain powerful fusion reaction in a stable form.
The patent describes how those magnetic fields are generated within a hollow plasma chamber which includes one or more opposing pairs of conical or domed “counter-spinning dynamic fusors” that feature an electrically charged outer surface containing ducts that inject fuel gases, such as Deuterium or Deuterium-Xenon, into the plasma chamber. As these electrically-charged fusors spin, Pais claims, they “create a concentrated magnetic energy flux and electromagnetic radiation within the vacuum chamber,” compressing and heating the gasses within. These fusors vibrate at a high rate as they spin thanks to piezoelectric films such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT) - the same piezoelectric metamaterial Pais claims enables his room-temperature superconductor patent.
USPTO
Cross-section of one of the conical fusors. Shown are orifices (235) used to inject fuel into the plasma core and the toroidal magnetic coils (203) which generate magnetic fields.
Like the other bizarre Salvatore Pais patents we've covered previously, the extent to which this patent represents an operable, functioning, or even feasible technology isn't clear. The Navy has vouched for some of his designs in the past, however, going so far as to claim these inventions actually exist in an operable form and that they are needed for national security purposes, most notably to keep pace with adversaries like China. But unlike some of Pais’ patents, this application sailed through the United States Patent and Trademark Office without rejection and subsequent appeal.
Curiously, the patent states that “the invention will be discussed in a space, sea, or terrestrial environment” but notes that “this invention can be utilized for any type of application that requires the use of energy generation.” It is unclear what type of application may exist other than space, sea, or land.
Salvatore Pais is clearly a busy man finding novel applications for high energy electromagnetic fields, and the Navy is patenting some truly science-fiction-like next-generation technologies that if realized, have the potential to change the course of technological development as we know it. Yes, some will likely wonder if this could be the power source that goes along with his other recent "UFO patents"—the engine needed to complete a seemingly otherworldly craft of some sort. The procession of these patents and their potential relation to one another is certainly intriguing, to say the least.
To be frank, we at The War Zone have no idea what is going on here. We have tried to get the Navy to give us some perspective on why these patents were filed, whether they are based on legitimate technology, and why they were ever made public. The Navy remains unwilling to discuss them. At the same time, nearly every physicist we have talked to thinks all of these patents are beyond the realm of known physics and are almost laughable in terms of viability. At the same time, all this is occurring as the Navy, and the Navy alone out of all of the branches of the U.S. military, continues to discuss the fact that its pilots are encountering unexplained aerial phenomena at an alarming rate.
With all this in mind, is the Navy building some sort of incredible craft based on science that remains foreign to the larger scientific community? Did they already do this years ago and are just slowly lifting the veil now? Are they clumsily trying to emulate what their pilots are seeing in the field, but can not yet fully explain? Could these patents just represent gross mismanagement of resources on the Navy's behalf? Or is this all some sort of elaborate disinformation play by the Navy—one that seems to have emerged right in step the rise of major peer-state competition from the likes of Russia and China, and the biggest expansion of advanced aerospace development programs in decades?
At this time we have no way to give you a definitive answer, but we will continue to investigate in hopes of one day being able to do just that.
We've reached out to physicists for comment on this patent and will update this story once we receive their opinions.
UFO spotted in North Carolina's outer banks: Are they real? Was it aliens?
UFO spotted in North Carolina's outer banks: Are they real? Was it aliens?
By Simran Kashyap
Washington, Oct 09: The hunt for any clues about alien life, any form of extraterrestrial life is always on. However, one of the most common topic which has sparked debate for innumerable years is the authenticity of UFO (Unidentified Flying Objects) sightings.
Recently a video has gone viral on various social media sites where a new UFO was sighted at the Outer Banks in North Carolina.
The video shows not one but a series of unidentified flying objects. A group of lights suddenly light up the sky and the question of is it aliens or was it any kind of military operation.
The video was posted online 'YouTube' about a week ago by William Guy with a caption "real UFO sighting" and it clearly shows a mysterious fleet on lights appearing in the evening sky.
Almost 14 dots of lights were seen sparking in the sky. In the 31-second video clip, one can also hear someone saying, "We're in the middle of the ocean, on a ferry, nothing around. Look. Nothing around. No land, no nothing. What that is.''
The video was shot aboard a ferry crossing the Pamlico Sound from Ocracoke Island to Swan Quarter on the mainland.
One of the commentator Derrick Chennault, who identified himself as a former Marine based at the 2nd Marine Air Wing mentioned that it was a Marine operation.
"We used to regularly drop flares out of the back of our plane in the evenings for military exercises in that area. They are one million candle power each so they were pretty bright and can be seen from far away and floated down slow as they hung from a parachute," he mentioned. However, there was no statement from the marine forces so as of now there is no clarity what exactly it was.
However, it should be noted that the military base is approximately 125 miles west of the Outer Banks.
Meanwhile, last week, the US Navy had comfirmed that existence of UFOs maybe true.
According to a report in Huffington Post, the US Navy confirmed the authenticity of a series of three videos about UFO sightings recently and
What are UFO?
Unidentified flying object (UFO) is the popular term for any aerial phenomenon that cannot immediately be identified. Most UFOs are identified on investigation as conventional objects or phenomena. The term is widely used for claimed observations of extraterrestrial spacecraft.
The Buddha statue at Buddha's Footprint in Khao Kala, near Nakhon Sawan in Thailand has become a hotspot for extraterrestrial tourists.
Google Maps Satellite
A group of Buddhist worshippers on a remote hilltop in Thailand believe that aliens communicate with people in the area.
Khao Kala in Nakhon Sawan — which translates to "City of Heaven" — is located just three hours north of Bangkok and has become a hotspot for tourists looking to experience the supernatural.
The remote area is located on a hill among a sugar cane plantation. Believers say the hill hides a secret wormhole that allows aliens from Pluto and elsewhere to travel between different dimensions.
As alien seekers flock to the area, local police are becoming increasingly frustrated. Officers have recently raided the area and expressed concern that the influx of tourism could endanger the protected forests.
There is no substantive evidence that the site has supernatural or alien qualities.
Alien tourism appears to be gaining popularity around the world, and some offbeat travelers believe that a remote hilltop in Thailand holds the key to connecting with the extraterrestrial world.
Khao Kala in Nakhon Sawan — which translates to "City of Heaven" — is located just three hours north of the Thai capital Bangkok, and has become a hotspot for tourists looking to experience the supernatural.
Several news outlets, including CNN and Vice, have recently traveled to the area, where some people believe humans can telepathically communicate with aliens.
The hill is located amongst a sugar cane plantation, and, according to the Bangkok Post, believers in the supernatural site say it hides a secret wormhole that allows aliens to travel between different dimensions.
Believers practice meditation at Hill 145, where a giant Buddha statue sits below a statue of a seven-headed snake. Several other Buddhist statues, including one called "Buddha's Footprint" stand nearby.
Somjit Raepeth, a member of Khao Kala group or UFO Khao Kala, a group that believes that the area possesses supernatural qualities, told the Post in 2015 that members practice strict Buddhist principles and were able to contact aliens from Pluto and another planet called Logu Kata Paka Tigong, located somewhere in the Milky Way.
"They have high virtues and morals," she told the Post. "The only way to make contact with them is to practice dhamma (Buddhist teachings) to the highest levels."
According to CNN, followers of the ideology believe that people can hear the aliens through meditation, and have described the aliens as "slender, little, silvery humanoids."
Some followers have reported seeing UFOs and silhouettes of figures on the hilltop, while others say they were actually spun around by alien powers.
There is no substantive evidence that the site has supernatural or alien qualities, or, of course, that aliens exist.
Wassana Chuensamnaun, a lead campaigner for the extraterrestrials, told CNN that aliens from Pluto "are made of energy" and have expressed concern about devastation on Earth.
Loku aliens, he says, have "knowledge of high technology" and present in physical form. He says Pluto's alien leader claimed Buddha was the "greatest human mind."
According to local daily Khao Sod, a member of UFO Khao Kala predicted that World War III would break out by 2022. Wassana told CNN that aliens have promised to take care of a select few "survivors" in the event of such fallout.
Authorities have not taken kindly to the overcrowding of tourists on the hilltop, which houses several Buddhist holy sites.
In August, they raided the UFO sighting spot out of concern that travelers were jeopardizing the protected forests in the area by camping out and holding activities. In September, authorities and forestry officials returned again and confronted Wassana, along with others at the site, according to CNN.
"If we find anyone guilty of wrongdoing, we will file a criminal case against them.
"If a UFO descends and parks here, that's even better. We'll capture them all," Police Maj. Gen. Damrong Petpong told Khao Sod in August.
USS Nimitz UFOs 'were always there' and 'secret spyware upgrade' exposed them
USS Nimitz UFOs 'were always there' and 'secret spyware upgrade' exposed them
The US Navy Senior Chief Operations Specialist who specialised in radar systems claimed UFOs may have always been present but had only become visible after a "top secret upgrade on spyware"
A former US Navy Senior Chief Operations specialist who specialised in radar systems has claimed UFOs may have always been present but only became visible after a "top secret upgrade on spyware".
Kevin Day is a Topgun air intercept controller with more than 20 years experience in strike group air defence including war-time operations.
In November 2004, off the coast of San Diego, US, he was a radar operator on the USS Princeton, part of the USS Nimitz Carrier Strike Group.
On several occasions over a six-day period, military pilots reported seeing Tic Tac-shaped objects that performed remarkable manoeuvres beyond the capability of the US Navy's aircraft.
The Tic-Tac shaped UFO was captured off the coast of San Diego, US, in November 2004(Image: NC)
This incident was made famous in a New York Times article on December 2017 in which it was also revealed the Pentagon had a secret UFO investigation program.
But in a recent interview on Tony Sweet's Truth Be Told podcast, Kevin claimed UFOs may have long been in the air, only becoming visible following a recent radar upgrade.
He said: "There had been a top-secret upgrade of our system that had gotten underway.
"They upgraded our cooperative engagement capability and did some tweaking on our spy radar and the way that it all works.
"I think because of these upgrades we were suddenly able to see things that had always been there.
Pilots in the USS Nimitz Carrier Strike Group were occasionally directed to find the objects(Image: Getty)
"So if you had been on the older systems you wouldn't have picked them up?" Tony asked.
"That kind of explains why since 2004 this technology, our upgrade, is now fleet-wide and now everyone is seeing them," Kevin responded.
"I think that's the reason why.
"I'm speculating, but it finally answers questions in my mind."
The host asked: "At this time, did it enter your mind that this could be an extraterrestrial ufo?"
To which Kevin said yes.
He added: "After that intercept, that's exactly what I'm thinking.
"This was non-newtonian, it was non-classical physics we're seeing so it had to be something.
COULD THE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FOUND IN THE ICE ON ONE OF SATURN'S MOONS BE PROOF OF ALIENS?
Credit Nasa
COULD THE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FOUND IN THE ICE ON ONE OF SATURN'S MOONS BE PROOF OF ALIENS?
Enceladus has been imagined a possible candidate for hosting extraterrestrial life since we knew the frozen orb, made of water ice, existed—but does that mean something is living in it?
There is a chance Saturn’s glacial moon might host life. Not that we even know how high that chance is (or if just the thought of it comes from watching too much Star Trek), but the new kinds of organic compounds recently discovered in the plumes of water that gush from the moon’s icy crust are the ingredients of amino acids. This is kind of a big deal because amino acids are the basic components of life on Earth. If the same goes for other moons and planets, that could be telling us something.
"We don't yet know if amino acids are needed for life beyond Earth, but finding the molecules that form amino acids is an important piece of the puzzle," said research lead Nozair Khawaja, whose team published their findings in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
It was data from the Cassini mission in which Kawaja’s team found evidence of amino acids. Using Cassini’s Cosmic Dust Analyzer (CDA), they found ice grains that had been spewed from Enceladus in Saturn’s E ring. The scientists believe that the organic material first dissolved in the subsurface ocean of Enceladus that evaporated once it reached the water’s surface right below the ice. It then condensed and re-froze onto grains in the cracks of the ice before a water plume shot into space.
"This work shows that Enceladus' ocean has reactive building blocks in abundance, and it's another green light in the investigation of the habitability of Enceladus," co-author Frank Postberg explained about the study, which follows last year’s discovery of complex organic molecules that were larger and insoluble in water.
When we finally get an amphibious spacecraft to drill through the ice and dive into Enceladus, it will most likely search for the same kinds of hydrothermal vents found on our planet’s ocean floor. The hot water that bursts from these vents provides energy to fuel reactions which produce amino acids. If such vents are found on the floor of Enceladus’ ocean, the exact same thing could be going on. Or not. Only an investigation via spacecraft could tell us that for sure.
"If the conditions are right, these molecules coming from the deep ocean of Enceladus could be on the same reaction pathway as we see here on Earth," Khawaja said.
While NASA is definitely sending a lander to Titan to explore its liquid methane, Enceladus remains a contender for a future mission. Until then, you can always imagine something with three heads and eighteen tentacles swimming through those waters.
I found a pyramid in a Mars photo today. The pyramids geometric shape is 100% matching that of the Egyptian pyramids. The structure is on the lower base of a hill and may be surrounded by a few other pyramids that were covered with dirt and debris over time.
I wonder why NASA did not notice this structure or go to investigate it. There may be an opening somewhere on it, perhaps on the other side. The rovers job is to explore, and yet its doing zero exploration. That should make the whole world suspicious that NASA does not really want to explore Mars...but only wants to drop feed the public boring facts to make it look like they care.
Of buitenaards leven bestaat? Dat weet zelfs Elon Musk niet. “Voor zover we weten zijn wij de enige levende wezens”, zei de oprichter van het Amerikaanse commerciële ruimtevaartbedrijf SpaceX tijdens een bijeenkomst in Texas.
Afgelopen weekend verzamelden pers, werknemers en andere gasten in de private lanceerbasis Boca Chica (Texas) van SpaceX. Op de planning? Een uiteenzetting van de toekomstplannen van Spacex, in het bijzonder de plannen met de rode planeet. Het commerciële ruimtevaartbedrijf wil immers mensen naar mars sturen, een unicum.
Praten over mars zonder buitenaards leven te vermelden? Dat blijkt onmogelijk. Al snel ging het over buitenaardse wezens tijdens de bijeenkomst. “Mensen vragen me vaak wat ik weet over aliens”, aldus Musk. Omdat hij een ruimtevaartbedrijf heeft, zouden velen vermoeden dat Elon Musk weet heeft van buitenaards leven. Hij zou volgens hen op zijn minst weten wat er gaande is op de geheime en streng beveiligde militaire basis Area 51. “Ik ben er inderdaad vrij zeker van dat ik het zou weten als er aliens waren. Maar ik zeg je, ik heb nog geen enkel teken van buitenaards leven gezien.”
Area 51
Ook is hij duidelijk over Area 51. “Waarom zou het leger de aliens verbergen op Area 51?”, vroeg hij zichzelf luidop af. “De snelste manier om het defensiebudget te verhogen, is door te vertellen dat ze aliens gevonden hebben!”
Bekijk ook de presentatie van het ruimteschip dat gebruikt zal worden voor de reis naar mars:
Faint glowing wisps of space gas in the universe have given scientists a glimpse of how galaxies could be formed.
The gigantic network of gases, which stretches at least three million light years across and further than the scientists could see, form a 'cosmic web'.
When these streams of gas cross paths, the researchers believe, dense accumulations of matter form new galaxies and black holes.
Scientists used a simulator to produce a map of how the gas looks, with galaxies scattered throughout it as bright white dots
Cosmological simulations predict that more than 60 per cent of the hydrogen created during the Big Bang is distributed as long filaments.
And the gases stretch all through the universe.
Scientists had originally thought galaxies formed spontaneously then clustered in certain areas.
But they now suggest the clusters of matter could exist first – within the gas streams – and then develop into galaxies.
The findings were revealed in a paper by the RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research and the University of Tokyo.
Dr Hideki Umehata said: 'The presence of such intense radiation suggests very strongly that gas falling along the filaments under the force of gravity triggers the formation of many starbursting galaxies and supermassive black holes, ultimately giving the universe the structure that we see today.
'Previous observations have shown similar emission from blobs of gas extending beyond galaxies.
'But now we have been able to clearly show that these filaments stretch to much larger distances, going even beyond the edge of the field that we viewed.
'This adds credence to the idea that these filaments are actually powering the intense activity that we see in galaxies within large structures assembling in the early universe.'
The researchers revealed pictures of how the gases look as they thread galaxies together - some of the galaxies are physically connected to, or made from, the gases (seen right, the coloured dots in the blue clouds)
Using the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope, Dr Umehata and colleagues detected and mapped the light emitted by hydrogen irradiated by a group of galaxies.
The results show the gas is arranged into long filaments, or strands, providing fuel for intense formation of stars and for the growth of supermassive black holes.
According to the study published in the journal Science, the detected filaments contained a significant reservoir of gas, which will help to fuel the continued growth of galaxies in this region.
Computer simulations, such as those carried out by Durham's Institute for Computational Cosmology (ICC), indicate that the cosmic web forms the scaffolding of the cosmos, providing the framework for galaxies and clusters to form and evolve.
Co-author of the research, Professor Michele Fumagalli, at Durham University, said: 'It is very exciting to clearly see for the first time multiple and extended filaments of gas connecting galaxies in the early universe.
'We finally have a way to map this cosmic web directly, and to understand in detail its role in regulating the formation of supermassive black holes and galaxies.'
Calvin Sykes, a PhD student in the ICC who contributed to the study, said: 'These observations represent a very important step in validating our theory of the assembly of galaxies, adding a key piece of the puzzle.'
WHAT IS THE COSMIC WEB OF FILAMENTS THAT THE UNIVERSE IS MADE UP OF?
'Ordinary' matter, which makes up everything we can see, corresponds to only five per cent of the known universe. The rest is made up of so-called 'dark matter.'
For decades, at least half of this regular matter had eluded detection, but scientists have in recent years made the first direct observations of a 'cosmic web' of filaments spanning between galaxies.
These filaments are made up of gas at temperatures between 100,000°C (180,032 °F) and 10 million°C (50 million°F) and the experts believe these structures may account for the 'missing' ordinary matter.
Studies have estimated that around 95 per cent of the universe is made of a mixture of 'dark matter' and 'dark energy', which only makes its presence felt by its gravitational pull, but has never been seen directly.
What is less widely known, however, is that around half of the regular matter is also missing.
In 2015, a team led by University of Geneva scientist Dominique Eckert claimed that these 'missing baryons' - subatomic particles made up of three quarks - were detected because of their X-ray signature in a massive cluster of galaxies known as Abell 2744.
Using the XMM-Newton space telescope, the researchers found matter concentrated into a network of knots and links connected through vast filaments, known as the 'cosmic web'.
Large-scale galaxy surveys have shown that the distribution of ordinary matter in the universe is not homogeneous.
Instead, under the action of gravity, matter is concentrated into so-called filamentary structures, forming a network of knots and links called the 'cosmic web'.
The regions experiencing the highest gravitational force collapse and form the knots of the network, such as Abell 2744.
Researchers focused on Abell 2744 - a massive cluster of galaxies with a complex distribution of dark and luminous matter at its centre - to make their finding.
Comparable to neural networks, these knots then connect to one another through filaments, where the researchers identified the presence of gas, and consequently, the missing ordinary matter thought to make up the universe.
"These results dramatically change our understanding of the Milky Way," says co-author Magda Guglielmo from the University of Sydney, Australia.
"We always thought about our galaxy as an inactive galaxy, with a not so bright centre," she added.
The flare created two enormous "ionisation cones" that sliced through the Milky Way and left its imprint on the Magellanic Stream. This is a long trail of gas that extends from nearby dwarf galaxies called the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds.
The stream lies at an average of 200,000 light-years from the Milky Way.
The Australian-US research team says the explosion was too big to have been triggered by anything other than nuclear activity associated with the supermassive black hole at the centre of our galaxy.
Known as Sagittarius A*, or Sgr A* - this colossus is more than four million times the mass of our Sun. This assessment needs further work but the conclusion seems inescapable, the researchers say.
"The flare must have been a bit like a lighthouse beam," explained team leader Prof Bland-Hawthorn, who is also at the University of Sydney. "Imagine darkness, and then someone switches on a lighthouse beacon for a brief period of time."
Het centrum van ons sterrenstelsel is ‘recentelijk’ ontploft. Dit verandert onze kijk op de Melkweg volledig
Het centrum van ons sterrenstelsel is ‘recentelijk’ ontploft. Dit verandert onze kijk op de Melkweg volledig
Zo’n 3,5 miljoen jaar geleden heeft er een reusachtige explosie plaatsgevonden in het centrum van de Melkweg. De gevolgen waren tot op een afstand van 200.000 lichtjaar merkbaar,zeggen astronomen.
Grote ‘bellen’ van heet gas die een aantal jaren geleden zijn ontdekt met behulp van satellieten, zijn de overblijfselen van de enorme explosie.
Deze bellen strekken zich uit tot zo’n 25.000 lichtjaar onder en boven de schijf van ons sterrenstelsel.
Kijk
De explosie veroorzaakte een verwoestende vlam die zich een weg baande door de Melkweg.
De ontdekking wijst erop dat het centrum van de Melkweg veel dynamischer was dan altijd is gedacht.
“Deze resultaten veranderen onze kijk op de Melkweg volledig,” zei coauteur Magda Guglielmo van de Universiteit van Sydney in Australië.
Zo groot
“We dachten altijd dat ons sterrenstelsel een inactief sterrenstelsel was,” voegde ze toe.
De vlam liet zelfs zijn sporen na in de Magelhaense wolken, twee kleine sterrenstelsels in de omgeving van de Melkweg.
Het onderzoeksteam zegt dat de explosie zo groot was dat hij alleen kan zijn veroorzaakt door het supermassieve zwarte gat in het centrum van ons sterrenstelsel.
Vuurtoren
Dit zwarte gat, Sagittarius A* geheten, is vier miljoen keer zo zwaar als de zon.
Hoofdonderzoeker professor Bland-Hawthorn vergeleek de vlam met een lichtstraal van een vuurtoren.
Area 51 is known for many things: (A) the secret testing of highly-classified aircraft at the height of the Cold War; (B) the claims of Bob Lazar of alien spacecraft supposedly held at an off-shoot of the top secret facility called S-4; (C) the ridiculous, recent “storming of Area 51″ saga that even got the mainstream media interested; and (D) much more of a conspiratorial and out of this world nature – allegedly, of course. There’s something else too, that you may not have heard of. Namely, a weird incident that occurred back in the 1970s and that was focused on Area 51 and NASA. It all revolves around three astronauts and NASA’s craft Skylab. NASA states of Skylab:
“Skylab was hailed as a ‘bold concept’ by Rocco Petrone, who served as director of launch operations at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida before becoming director of the agency’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala., during 1973 and 1974. The program demanded innovation and ingenuity, said Petrone in Skylab, Our First Space Station, a NASA report published in 1977. ‘Experience and knowledge gained from earlier space programs provided a solid foundation on which to build, but the Skylab Program was truly making new pathways in the sky.’ The project began as the Apollo Applications Program in 1968 with an objective to develop science-based human space missions using hardware originally developed for the effort to land astronauts on the moon. Skylab orbited the Earth from 1973 to 1979.”
It was on April 19, 1974 that trouble started brewing. On that day, the then-Director of the CIA, William Colby, received a communication from one of his colleagues, an unknown figure who wanted to discuss a certain “issue.” Colby was told that: “The issue arises from the fact that the recent Skylab mission inadvertently photographed” Area 51. Colby was additionally informed that: “There were specific instructions not to do this.”
Dwayne A. Day, of The Space Review, and who personally broke the story in 2006, said: “In other words, the CIA considered no other spot on Earth to be as sensitive as Groom Lake, and the astronauts had just taken a picture of it.” Uh-oh. Not good. Those astronauts were Edward Gibson, Gerald Carr and William Pogue. Both Pogue and Carr had military backgrounds and Gibson had a doctorate in engineering physics. Day said of their actions: “Why the Skylab astronauts disobeyed their orders and took the photo is unknown, as are what it depicted.”
Director Colby’s informant told him: “This photo has been going through an interagency reviewing process aimed at a decision on how it should be handled. There is no agreement DoD elements (USAF, NRO, JCS, ISA) all believe it should be withheld from public release. NASA, and to a large degree State, has taken the position that it should be released – that is, allowed into the Sioux National Repository and let nature take its course.” Colby was also advised that: “There are some complicated precedents which, in fairness, should be reviewed before a final decision.” There was, Colby was told, “a question of whether anything photographed in the United States can be classified if the platform is unclassified; such complex issues in the UN concerning United States policies toward imagery from space” and “the question of whether the photograph can be withheld without leaking.”
In terms of the outcome, Dwayne A. Day said: “Nothing more is known of this Skylab incident than the fact that the photograph was not released. NASA and the State Department clearly lost the argument. But the opponents of releasing it preserved national security, as they defined it.” None of this, however, explains, why Area 51 was photographed – something that most assuredly got the CIA into a state of concern.
Saturn’s icy moon Enceladus is spitting up organic compounds that could be essential for the building blocks of life. NASA’s Cassini spacecraft discovered that in one of Saturn’s rings there were compounds of nitrogen and oxygen that came from the south pole of the planet’s sixth largest moon.
Because of hydrothermal activity, ice grains are ejected from plumes located on the moon’s south pole which formed one of Saturn’s outermost rings. These nitrogen and oxygen compounds are incredibly important, as they are used on Earth to create amino acids which are essential in the development of living organisms.
Nozair Khawaja, who is a geoscientist at the Free University of Berlin, along with his colleagues, studied the information that was gathered by the Cassini spacecraft. They analyzed the data collected from the “Cosmic Dust Analyzer” on the spacecraft which gathered mass spectrometer readings of the organic compositions that were discovered in the ice grains.
After the team of scientists found molecules floating on the surface of the moon’s ocean last year, they conducted more extensive research and found that the compounds were also dissolved in the water.
The compounds are believed to have been initially dissolved in the moon’s ocean prior to being evaporated from the surface of the water and ended up being condensed onto the ice grains. At that point, it is believed that erupting plumes on the moon threw the ice grains into space and that’s when they gathered in one of Saturn’s outermost rings. Saturn’s E-ring is approximately 186,000 miles wide and contains small water ice particles. While it is believed that some worlds contain liquid water oceans beneath their frozen surfaces, Enceladus is the only one that actually throws its water into space.
Dr. Khawaja explained, “If the conditions are right, these molecules coming from the deep ocean of Enceladus could be on the same reaction pathway as we see here on Earth,” adding, “We don’t know yet if amino acids are needed for life beyond Earth, but finding the molecules that form amino acids is an important piece of the puzzle.”
Enceladus
Frank Postberg, who is a planetary scientist and was also a co-author of the paper that was published in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (which can be read in full here), weighed in by saying, “This work shows that Enceladus’ ocean has reactive building blocks in abundance, and it’s another green light in the investigation of the habitability of Enceladus.”
While at first glance, Enceladus wouldn’t seem as if anything could live on the moon, but with this new discovery of organic compounds, it is certainly a candidate for the possibility of alien life. This is definitely an interesting step forward in finding out if there could possibly be life beyond our planet.
Just last year, three videos were released which showed a 45-foot long tic-tac shaped object with incredible speed flying through the skies off the coast of California. The object revealed itself to Navy pilots off and on during a two-week period in November of 2004. The U.S.S. Nimitz aircraft carrier, as well as the support ships, such as the U.S.S. Princeton, all witnessed the bizarre and unexplained craft in the sky with it even being picked up on their sophisticated radar equipment.
Since that time, Cmdr. David Fravor has become a well-known name, as he was the Navy fighter pilot who engaged with the tic-tac shaped craft that was seen in the now famous UFO videos. Fravor has done several interviews since the videos were released, with one article quoting him saying, “I have never seen anything in my life that has the performance, the acceleration. Keep in mind this thing had no wings,” adding, “It’s moving around, left, right, forward, back. The radar starts being jammed. All of a sudden it takes off.”
Fravor was piloting an F/A-18F Super Hornet
Just days ago, Fravor did an interview with the Joe Rogan show where he went into new details and revelations about the 2004 UFO incident. He started off by mentioning that his F/A-18F Super Hornet was carrying dummy loads instead of live missiles because they were scheduled to participate in a training mission.
He then said that the pilots were unable to get a lock on the UFO with their radar because whoever (or whatever) was controlling the tic-tac shaped craft was blocking the radar systems. This is incredible, as the U.S. Navy has one of the newest, best, and most sophisticated radar systems in the world and for something to block their systems is absolutely fascinating.
Another very interesting fact that Fravor mentioned was that the investigations conducted by the military and the government are still ongoing as he has been to Washington several times already this year for confidential meetings with “high ranking government officials”.
Probably the most startling revelation was that another Navy pilot encountered an unexplained “kind of dark mass coming up from the depths” of the water in a 1990s encounter. He explained, “He’s out picking up a torpedo, they hook the diver up on the winch, and as they’re lowering him down, he sees this big mass. He goes, ‘it’s not a submarine.’” He went on to say, “…This big object, kind of circular, is coming up from the depths and he starts screaming through the intercom system to tell them to pull the diver up, and the diver’s only a few feet from the water.” At that point, “the torpedo got sucked down underwater, and the object just descended back down into the depths. They never recovered it.”
Another surprising revelation was that he admitted that he and some other pilots would sometimes play pranks on people camping out in the wilderness in southern California by pretending to be UFOs in the night sky.
He described their prank by explaining, “We used to fly night vision goggles in Hornets a lot. And with night vision goggles you can see a campfire from like fifty miles away. We used to do it, the good spots were down in like El Centro, California. There’s some bombing ranges and people go camping in the Superstition Mountains…”
So they would fly around on goggles and sneak up on campsites, “And then you get the airplane going around 600 knots and then you pull the power back to idle so you can’t hear it,” he explained. He then added that when the planes would get close to the campsites, “…you pull the airplane into vertical and stroke the afterburners, let ‘em light off, you count to three and then you just go away. Instant UFO reporting.”
It’s good that these pilots have senses of humor, but I suppose it’s a little discouraging to those in southern California who have just finished reading this article and are now realizing that their “UFO encounter” might have just been Fravor and his colleagues playing pranks on unsuspecting campers.
The nearly two-hour interview can be watched in full here.
Each of the newly discovered moons is about five kilometers, or three miles, in diameter. Seventeen of them orbit the planet backwards, or in a retrograde direction, meaning their movement is opposite of the planet’s rotation around its axis. The other three moons orbit in the prograde—the same direction as Saturn rotates.
Two of the prograde moons are closer to the planet and take about two years to travel once around Saturn. The more-distant retrograde moons and one of the prograde moons each take more than three years to complete an orbit.
The discovery images for the newly found very distant prograde moon of Saturn. They were taken on the Subaru telescope with about one hour between each image. The background stars and galaxies do not move, while the newly discovered Saturnian moon, highlighted with an orange bar, shows motion between the two images.
Photographs are courtesy of Scott Sheppard.
“Studying the orbits of these moons can reveal their origins, as well as information about the conditions surrounding Saturn at the time of its formation,” Sheppard explained.
The outer moons of Saturn appear to be grouped into three different clusters in terms of the inclinations of the angles at which they are orbiting around the planet. Two of the newly discovered prograde moons fit into a group of outer moons with inclinations of about 46 degrees called the Inuit group, as they are named after Inuit mythology. These moons may have once comprised a larger moon that was broken apart in the distant past. Likewise, the newly announced retrograde moons have similar inclinations to other previously known retrograde Saturnian moons, indicating that they are also likely fragments from a once-larger parent moon that was broken apart. These retrograde moons are in the Norse group, with names coming from Norse mythology. One of the newly discovered retrograde moons is the farthest known moon around Saturn.
“This kind of grouping of outer moons is also seen around Jupiter, indicating violent collisions occurred between moons in the Saturnian system or with outside objects such as passing asteroids or comets,” explained Sheppard.
The other newly found prograde moon has an inclination near 36 degrees, which is similar to the other known grouping of inner prograde moons around Saturn called the Gallic group. But this new moon orbits much farther away from Saturn than any of the other prograde moons, indicating it might have been pulled outwards over time or might not be associated with the more inner grouping of prograde moons.
If a significant amount of gas or dust were present when a larger moon broke apart and created these clusters of smaller moon fragments, there would have been strong frictional interactions between the smaller moons and the gas and dust, causing them to spiral into the planet.
“In the Solar System’s youth, the Sun was surrounded by a rotating disk of gas and dust from which the planets were born. It is believed that a similar gas-and-dust disk surrounded Saturn during its formation,” Sheppard said. “The fact that these newly discovered moons were able to continue orbiting Saturn after their parent moons broke apart indicates that these collisions occurred after the planet-formation process was mostly complete and the disks were no longer a factor.”
An artist’s conception of the 20 newly discovered moons orbiting Saturn. These discoveries bring the planet’s total moon count to 82, surpassing Jupiter for the most in our Solar System. Studying these moons can reveal information about their formation and about the conditions around Saturn at the time. Illustration is courtesy of the Carnegie Institution for Science.
Saturn image is courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute. Starry background courtesy of Paolo Sartorio/Shutterstock.
The new moons were discovered using the Subaru telescope atop Mauna Kea in Hawaii. The observing team included Sheppard, David Jewitt of UCLA, and Jan Kleyna of the University of Hawaii.
“Using some of the largest telescopes in the world, we are now completing the inventory of small moons around the giant planets,” says Scott Sheppard. “They play a crucial role in helping us determine how our Solar System’s planets formed and evolved.”
Last year, Sheppard discovered 12 new moons orbiting Jupiter and Carnegie hosted an online contest to name five of them.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute.
“I was so thrilled with the amount of public engagement over the Jupiter moon-naming contest that we’ve decided to do another one to name these newly discovered Saturnian moons,” Sheppard said. “This time, the moons must be named after giants from Norse, Gallic, or Inuit mythology.”
Tic Tac UFOs implications ignored by the Media! Who is the group behind this advanced technology?
Tic Tac UFOs implications ignored by the Media! Who is the group behind this advanced technology?
While the truth of the incredible Tic Tac UFO encounter of 2004 is increasingly being accepted even by the traditional established media and even (somewhat) the world of politics and government, very few people have dared to explore the implications of what it means.
Objects able to travel many thousands of miles per hour, easily outperform top military jets, leave no heat signature, and even read highly encrypted communications seemingly with ease -- these are seriously unexplained questions.
Let alone that all this happened in 2004. It's not enough that we throw up our hands and exclaim "unknown!" We know they are "unknown."
The question we need to start asking in the public forum is much more challenging: what (realistically) CAN these objects be?
And WHO (what?) is the group that is behind them? Is there is way realistically to explain this as human technology and science? Or not?
A new video posted on YouTube showed what appeared to be a massive UFO fleet flying over the North Atlantic Ocean. The objects within the alleged fleet appeared like bright orbs floating in the sky.
The video was taken by a YouTube user named William and was posted on Sept. 28. According to William, he was traveling by ferry from Ocracoke Village to Swan Quarters in North Carolina.
As the ferry was traversing through the water, William spotted several bizarre objects flying in the sky. As shown in the video, there were about 14 orb-like objects hovering over the ocean. They do not seem to be flying in a distinct pattern or formation.
As William noted, he saw the objects while the ferry was in the middle of the ocean. He pointed out that the boat was not near any land or water-based structure that could have caused the appearance of the glowing orbs.
UFO enthusiast Scott Waring of ET Data Base shared William’s video on his blog and claimed that the U.S. military has already clarified that it was not conducting any type of operation in the area when the orbs appeared. Waring then assumed that the objects were part of a UFO fleet that was preparing to leave Earth.
“U.S. military has gone on record to deny any military flares or activity in the area, so that rules out the one and only possibility,” Waring wrote in a blog post. “This is a UFO fleet preparing to leave. When UFOs move from world to world or base to base, they often fly together.”
“These are from an underwater base about 5 [kilometers] below the ocean floor,” he continued. “Yes, directly below those UFOs is an alien base.”
Although the exact nature of the objects in Williams’ video is still unknown, they resemble the Starlink satellites launched by SpaceX in May. After launching, the 60 Starlink satellites moved across the sky like a “train of stars.” Due to the appearance of the satellites, hundreds of people thought they were part of a UFO fleet.
A photograph of a screen shows infra-red video of taken from a Mexican Air Force patrol aircraft of 7 bright objects flying over the eastern coastal state of Campeche on March 25, 2004.
Fleet Of UFOs Over North Atlantic Ocean. UFO Sighting News.
Fleet Of UFOs Over North Atlantic Ocean. UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Sept 18, 2019
Location of sighting: North Carolina, USA
William was on a ferry traveling from Ocracoke Village to Swan Quarters North Carolina. The UFOs were recorded over North Atlantic Ocean.
US military has gone on record to deny any military flares or activity in the area, so that rules out the one and only possibility. This is a UFO fleet preparing to leave. When UFOs move from world to world or base to base, they often fly together. These are from an underwater base about 5km below the ocean floor. Yes, directly below those UFOs is an alien base. The fleet is waiting for each other as the water drips off each of the UFOs before they travel in space. The water can freeze and cause problems on the outer hull of the alien craft when flying at faster than light speeds. This is very similar to what I personally witnessed over my parking lot in Rapid City, SD back in 1989. But they flew away one by one...time between was perfect as they left. Scott C. Waring
This photo shows the crater in which the China rover found the gel substance...and as you can see, its not gel, but a side panel made of a metallic substance partially buried under the surface of the moon. This is 100% proof that aliens have been on the moon and the China rover has proven it. This doesn't look like a gel to me. They said its shiny...yes...because its a metallic sheet of metal clearly made by intelligent beings. Why is it buried? Perhaps the moon is just an alien space station and they covered its surface with dirt and rocks in order to protect its surface area and to disguise them from primitive cultures like our own. Scott C. Waring-Taiwan
Tic Tac UFO Seen Crossing Sky Over Illinois, On Oct 7, 2019, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Tic Tac UFO Seen Crossing Sky Over Illinois, On Oct 7, 2019, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Oct 7, 2019
Location of sighting: Kankakee, Illinois, USA
Source: MUFON #103879
This person caught a white cloud orb object moving across the sky. Cloud orbs or disks (come in both shapes) appear white like a cloud, but small and are seen moving across the blue sky as they search for clouds to hide in. Although the video below is short, it is absolutely 100% proof that alien drone orbs are observing us from a distance. The UFO is seen in the video traveling for a few seconds, then the person puts the video in reverse to see it better.
Scott C. Waring
Eyewitness states:
I just randomly looked up at the sky and then back down then I said to myself,”that’s not a plane” and looked back up and saw a bright white tic tac object traveling south that wasn’t making a sound so I took out my phone a snapped a live picture. As soon as I took the picture i tried to snap another but a tree was in the way, so I went out to the street to see if I could see it but it was gone.
You are going to hear some astonishing and bizarre claims about the past, all backed up with evidence. Did the survivors of Atlantis show up in Egypt and help build a vast and advanced civilisation? Many ancient civilisations, such as Sumerians, Dogon and the Greeks amongst many, left evidence of ancient androgynous deities and stories of a lost continent, a great flood, giants, little people and six fingers and toes. How can this be, many are unconnected and are on different continents.
Androgynous creator gods, some with 6 fingers and toes, strange beings with man bags, precision stone work, strikingly similar artwork and the most stunning part is that all the sources Vieira has listed from Edgar Cayce to the Rosicrucian’s and Plato all report this same reality. According to modern day scholars it is not worth investigating, why? Many other researchers have been on the trail of these ancient puzzles for years and now it looks like these theories are beginning to get a much needed closer look.
NASA is testing a 3D-printed prototype of unusual mini robots that can roll, fly, float and swim, then morph into a single machine. They’re called Shapeshifters. The team envisions them as a way to explore Saturn’s moons.
Shapeshifting has been an enduring device throughout literature, and we see shapeshifting everywhere in modern science fiction, for example, the shapeshifting android assassin in the Terminator movies. Even my 6-year-old grandson – who loves to spend an afternoon building with Legos – knows about shapeshifting robots. And now NASA engineers have gone into shapeshifting robots in a big way … for real. According a September 25, 2019, statement from NASA, a robotics team is testing a 3D-printed prototype of an unusual mini-robot at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. The robot can roll, fly, float and swim, then morph into a single machine. NASA is calling this series of robots Shapeshifters.
A prototype of the transforming robot Shapeshifter is tested in the robotics yard at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Shapeshifter is made of smaller robots that can morph into rolling spheres, flying drones, swimming submersibles, and more.
Robotics technologist Ali Agha – who leads the Shapeshifter program for JPL – envisions Shapeshifter as a mission to Saturn’s largest moon Titan, the only other world in the solar system known to have liquid in the form of methane lakes, rivers and seas on its surface. NASA said Shapeshifter is:
… a developing concept for a transformational vehicle to explore treacherous, distant worlds.
A contraption that looks like a drone encased in an elongated hamster wheel rolls across the yard, then splits in half. Once separated, the two halves rise on small propellers, effectively becoming flying drones for aerial exploration. These 3D-printed parts are only the beginning; the team imagines a series of up to 12 robots that could transform into a swimming probe or a team of cave explorers.
Okay, maybe it sounds cooler than the actual prototype looks, for now. But NASA engineers are just starting down the path of shapeshifting robots, and who knows what the future will bring? In the meantime, here’s what the prototype looks like:
A prototype of the transforming robot Shapeshifter is tested in the robotics yard at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Shapeshifter is made of smaller robots that can morph into rolling spheres, flying drones, swimming submersibles and more. This flying amphibious robot is part of the early-stage research program NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts (NIAC), which offers several phases of funding to visionary concepts. NASA says the program “helps turn ideas that sound like science fiction into science fact.”
NASA’s most recent mission to Saturn and its moons was the Cassini mission, which began orbiting Saturn in 2004 and ended with a dramatic plunge into Saturn’s clouds in 2017. Cassini spent 13 years orbiting Saturn, flying different pathways among its moons. It flew by Titan over 100 times, with the goal, NASA said, of mapping its surface for future missions. Cassini found that Titan is similar to Earth but – because it’s so much farther from the sun, in a colder part of the solar system – Titan has key differences. It has cold rivers, lakes and rain made up of liquid methane and ethane, both of which exist on Earth in gaseous form. NASA said the moon’s hazy atmosphere could also conceal caves or icy volcanoes that spew ammonia or water instead of magma. Agha explained in the NASA statement why shapeshifting robots would be so useful there:
We have very limited information about the composition of the surface. Rocky terrain, methane lakes, cryovolcanoes– we potentially have all of these, but we don’t know for certain.
So we thought about how to create a system that is versatile and capable of traversing different types of terrain but also compact enough to launch on a rocket.
NASA said:
Agha and his Shapeshifter co-investigators, who include researchers from Stanford and Cornell universities, came up with the concept of a self-assembling robot made of smaller robots called ‘cobots.’ The cobots, each housing a small propeller, would be able to move independent of one another to fly along cliffsides of scientific interest. They could also go spelunking, forming a daisy chain to maintain contact with the surface. Or they could transform into a sphere to roll on flat surfaces and conserve energy.
For now, Shapeshifter is semi-autonomous, but its future design will depend on cobots that can auto-assemble without needing commands from Earth.
Agha’s ultimate vision includes a lander like the European Space Agency’s Huygens Probe, which touched down on Titan after being deployed via parachute by NASA’s Cassini spacecraft. This ‘mothercraft,’ as Agha calls it, would serve as an energy source for the cobots and carry the scientific instruments to perform in-depth sample analysis. But rather than staying in place, as landers usually do, this one would be portable. Flight is easier on Titan, where the atmosphere is dense and gravity is low. Agha calculates that 10 cobots could easily lift a lander the size of Huygens (roughly 9 feet, or 3 meters, wide) and gently carry it to different locations.
Jason Hofgartner is JPL’s lead scientist for Shapeshifter. He said:
It is often the case that some of the hardest places to get to are the most scientifically interesting because maybe they’re the youngest, or they’re in an area that was not well characterized from orbit.
Shapeshifter’s remarkable versatility enables access to all of these scientifically compelling places.
The next mission to Titan will be Dragonfly, NASA’s first rotorcraft lander, which is scheduled to launch in 2026. Shapeshifter won’t be aboard. It’s too new and too undeveloped. The next step for the Shapeshifter team is to submit its concept to NIAC’s Phase II selection process in 2020. After that, there are many more years of development ahead.
Still, the concept is a compelling one. And people like my grandson might be around long enough to see some amazing solar system exploration, using real Shapeshifters.
Artist’s concept of proposed design for future Shapeshifter robot, which would consist of many robots in one.
Bottom line: NASA is testing a 3D-printed prototype of unusual mini robots that can roll, fly, float and swim, then morph into a single machine. They’re called Shapeshifters. The team envisions them as a way to explore Saturn’s moons.
Scientists have found earliest signs of life on earth in “exceptionally preserved” 3.5 billion year old microbes which could start explain how life began
Scientists have found earliest signs of life on earth in “exceptionally preserved” 3.5 billion year old microbes which could start explain how life began
The discovery could also help researchers find proof of life on Mars - or other planets.
Scientists have found the earliest signs of life on earth in “exceptionally preserved” 3.5 billion year old microbes which could start to explain how it all began.
The discovery could also help researchers find proof of life on Mars – or other planets.
The astonishing find was made in some of Earth’s oldest rocks, called stromatolites – ancient bacterial formations in Western Australia.
The stones are found in an ancient geological anomaly called Dresser Formation.
While scientists have long believed the rocks contained evidence of prehistoric life since they were discovered in the 1980s, they haven’t been able to prove it until today.
Dr Raphael Baumgartner, a research associate of the Australian Centre for Astrobiology at the University of New South Wales (UNSW), said: “This is an exciting discovery – for the first time, we’re able to show the world that these stromatolites are definitive evidence for the earliest life on Earth.”
Professor Van Kranendonk, director of the Australian Centre for Astrobiology at UNSW who led the research, said the discovery is the closest the team have come to a “smoking gun” to prove the existence of such ancient life
He said: “This represents a major advance in our knowledge of these rocks, in the science of early life investigations generally, and – more specifically – in the search for life on Mars.
“We now have a new target and new methodology to search for ancient life traces.”
Dr Baumgartner added: “Understanding where life could have emerged is really important in order to understand our ancestry. And from there, it could help us understand where else life could have occurred – for example, where it was kick-started on other planets.”
Their study is published in the journal Geology.
Stromatolites in the Dresser Formation are usually sourced from the rock surface, and worn down so scientists had to drill further down into the rock.
Dr Baumgartner continued: “In this study, I spent a lot of time in the lab, using micro-analytical techniques to look very closely at the rock samples, to prove our theory once and for all.
“Looking at drill core samples allowed us to look at a perfect snapshot of ancient microbial life.”
He couldn’t contain his excitement when he realised he was onto the discovery of a lifetime.
He found that the stromatolites are essentially composed of pyrite – a mineral also known as ‘fool’s gold’ – that contains organic matter.
Dr Baumgartner said: “The organic matter that we found preserved within pyrite of the stromatolites is exciting – we’re looking at exceptionally preserved coherent filaments and strands that are typically remains of microbial biofilms.
“Such remains have never been observed before in the Dresser Formation, and that actually seeing the evidence down the microscope was incredibly exciting.
“I was pretty surprised – we never expected to find this level of evidence before I started this project. I remember the night at the electron microscope where I finally figured out that I was looking at biofilm remains.
“I think it was around 11pm when I had this ‘eureka’ moment, and I stayed until three or four o’clock in the morning, just imaging and imaging because I was so excited. I totally lost track of time.”
The new findings come just two years after another study which found evidence of the same rocks in hot springs in the same region – telling the researchers microbial life on land had existed 580 million years earlier than they previously thought.
Just last month, NASA and European Space Agency (ESA) scientists spent as week in the Pilbara with Martin Van Kranendonk for specialist training in identifying signs of life in these same ancient rocks.
It was the first time that Van Kranendonk shared the region’s insights with a dedicated team of Mars specialists – a group including the Heads of NASA and ESA Mars 2020 missions.
Professor Van Kranendonk said: “It is deeply satisfying that Australia’s ancient rocks and our scientific know-how is making such a significant contribution to our search for extra-terrestrial life and unlocking the secrets of Mars.”
Tientallen UFO’s laten vreemde witte substantie achter in Frans plaatsje. Getuigen vertellen hier wat ze hebben gezien in UFO 8 oktober 2019 19:00 3 Reacties 781 Bekeken
Tientallen UFO’s laten vreemde witte substantie achter in Frans plaatsje. Getuigen vertellen hier wat ze hebben gezien
Op 17 oktober 1952 gebeurde er iets vreemds in het Franse plaatsje Oloron. Mensen zagen een sigaarvormige UFO waar veel kleine schijfvormige UFO’s uit tevoorschijn kwamen.
De objecten lieten een soort engelenhaar achter dat op boomtoppen, telefoonkabels en daken van huizen achterbleef.
Vele getuigen zagen ruim 30 rode vliegende schotels overvliegen. Volgens inspecteur Jean-Yves Prigent kwamen ze uit een cilindervormig object dat langzaam richting het zuidwesten vloog.
Gelei
Toen mensen de witte, haarachtige substantie oprolden en er een bal van probeerden te maken, veranderde het materiaal in een soort gelei en loste het op in het niets.
Eén man beweerde zelfs dat hij vast kwam te zitten in het materiaal. Toen hij zich eenmaal had bevrijd, verdween het spul als sneeuw voor de zon.
Precies hetzelfde
Tien dagen later gebeurde precies hetzelfde in de Franse gemeente Gaillac.
Quest TV besloot het mysterie te onderzoeken.
In onderstaand filmpje komen getuigen van het bizarre tafereel aan het woord:
Archaeologists claim that a range of mysterious man-made stones submerged beneath the surface of an European lake are 5,000 years old.
Local media reports that the so-called 'Swiss Stonehenge' sits 15feet down at the bottom of Lake Constance and is a Neolithic relic, with stones ranging in size up to around 100 inches wide.
The man-made piles of stones were found on the Swiss side of the lake, a 207-square-mile body of water on the borders of Switzerland, Germany and Austria.
Each stone was located at regular intervals running completely parallel to the Swiss shoreline.
Scroll down for video
Archaeologists claim that a range of mysterious man-made stones submerged beneath the surface of an European lake are 5,000 years old (pictured)
Local media reports that the so-called 'Swiss Stonehenge' (pictured) sits 15feet down at the bottom of Lake Constance and is a Neolithic relic, with stones ranging in size up to around 100 inches wide
WHAT IS THE SWISS STONEHENGE?
Archaeologists have discovered man-made piles of stones on the Swiss side of Lake Constance.
Around 15feet below the surface of the 207-square-mile lake on the borders of Switzerland, Germany and Austria.
Local media reports that the so-called 'Swiss Stonehenge' sits 15feet down at the bottom of Lake Constance and is a Neolithic relic, with stones ranging in size up to around 100 inches wide.
A ship equipped with a digger with a 15-metre-long arm removed material alongside the stones and revealed the stones.
In the following months, further investigations will be carried out with the hope of discovering more about the artefacts, which will be analysed by an international team of researchers.
A spokesman at the Archaeology Office of the Swiss Canton of Thurgau described the findings as 'sensational' after carrying out excavations of the lake bed.
A ship equipped with a digger with a 15-metre-long arm removed material alongside the stones to reveal them for study.
Analysis of how they were placed shows they were put down by humans and not by nature, archaeologists claim.
Using underwater georadar developed by the Technical University of Darmstadt in Germany, the team of scientists managed to study the lake's sediment and stone deposits in search of the origin and purpose of the formations.
The Archaeology Office wrote: 'With high-frequency electromagnetic pulses, the hidden layer of the lake bed in the vicinity of the stone structures was recorded.'
'It is obvious that the stones of up to 40 centimetres in size rest on the post-glacial, banded lake deposits and clearly above the underlying upper edge of the moraine [a glacially formed accumulation of unconsolidated glacial debris].
'Thus, it is now scientifically proven that the cairns did not originate naturally from the glacier, but were piled up by human hands.'
The man-made piles of stones were found on the Swiss side of Lake Constance, a 207-square-mile lake on the borders of Switzerland, Germany and Austria and work is ongoing to learn more about them
Each stone was located at regular intervals running completely parallel to the Swiss shoreline at a depth of about 15 feet
Analysis of how the rocks (pictured) were placed shows they were placed there by humans and not by nature, archaeologists claim
A spokesman at the Archaeology Office of the Swiss Canton of Thurgau described the findings as 'sensational' after carrying out extensive excavations on the lake bed
The spokesman added: 'The first results produced using carbon dating show that the stones in area 5 were placed there around 5,500 years ago in the Neolithic period.'
In the following months, further investigations will be carried out with the hope of discovering more about the artefacts, which will be analysed by an international team of researchers.
Initially, it was unclear whether the stones were natural formations from the remnants of a glacier which was located in the area 18,000 years ago.
The researchers had originally suspected that the formations were from the Bronze Age dating back to around 1000 BC.
Pictured@ : A piece of Poplar wood retrieved by the divers which may have been used as part of the construction or excavation of the rocks. Experts have confirmed these mysterious piles of stones - compared to an underwater Stonehenge - found at the bottom of Lake Constance are much older than previously thought
Using underwater georadar tech (pictured) developed by the Technical University of Darmstadt in Germany, the team of scientists managed to study the lake's sediment and stone deposits in search of the origin and purpose of the formations
Pictured: The research team on Lake Constance where the Neolithic rocks have been discovered. Experts have confirmed these mysterious piles of stones on the bottom of Lake Constance which have been compared to an 'underwater Stonehenge' were man-made
Currently, there are various theories about the purpose of the stones, such as that they served as weirs, burial mounds or signposted transportation routes.
Urs Leuzinger, a researcher on the project, estimates that at the time of construction, the cairns were located along the shoreline or even in shallow water.
He said: 'I've never really experienced anything like this. Whenever we dig something up, we usually know what it's all about.'
He said that his team 'has no intention to compete with the original Stonehenge', saying that the moniker had been 'chosen by German media' and not by archaeologists.
However, he said that there are some similarities with the Wiltshire monument as it required an equally impressive feat by prehistoric humans to transport such stones.
Dr Leuzinger said: 'After all, our 170 cairns of 500 cubic metres of stones each does bring quite a decent amount to the shores of Lake Constance.'
The cairns were first discovered in 2015 by the Institute for Lake Research in the town of Langenargen in the south-western German state of Baden-Wuerttemberg.
It is thought they would have been near to a settlement of lake dwellings which are much deeper under water perhaps close to what was once a prehistoric shoreline and are yet to be discovered, according to the Thurgau Office for Archaeology.
But they added: 'It may also be the case that the lake dwellings have already eroded away due to the erosion over the years.'
Divers investigating the site have been finding out more about the rocks, including their age.Currently, there are various theories about the purpose of the stones, such as that they served as weirs, burial mounds or signposted transportation routes
A ship equipped with a digger with a 15-metre-long arm removed material alongside the stones and revealed the stones (pictured)
Deep below a European lake lies a man-made monument that scientists have called the “Swiss Stonehenge”. The mysterious stones rest 15 feet below the surface on the Swiss side of Lake Constance which is a 207-square-mile body of water that borders Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. They were initially discovered in 2015 by the Institute for Lake Research in Langenargen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany.
The Neolithic relic consists of 5,000-year-old stones with some of the stones measuring as wide as 100 inches and was laid out in a way that they were situated parallel to the Swiss shoreline. A ship with a digger removed seabed materials that had gathered beside the stones in order to study them further. A spokesman at the Archaeology Office of the Swiss Canton of Thurgau said that the discovery was a “sensational” find.
Lake Constance
The Technical University of Darmstadt in Germany created an underwater georadar to study the stones in hopes of finding out their origin and why they were put there in the first place. It has been determined that the stones were put there by humans and not created naturally by nature.
Since there had been a glacier in that area 18,000 years ago, it was first thought that the stones may have been made by nature, but that hypothesis has been disproven. “It is obvious that the stones of up to 40 centimeters in size rest on the post-glacial, banded lake deposits and clearly above the underlying upper edge of the moraine [a glacially formed accumulation of unconsolidated glacial debris]”, the Archaeology Office wrote, adding, “Thus, it is now scientifically proven that the cairns did not originate naturally from the glacier, but were piled up by human hands.”
It’s still unclear as to why the stones were put there in the first place, but several theories have emerged, such as that they were used as weirs, burial mounds, and signposted transportation routes. Urs Leuzinger, who works as a researcher on the project, believes that the stones were put either along the shoreline or in shallow water during the time of its construction.
With several similarities to the famous monument in Wiltshire, England, this Neolithic relic has been nicknamed the “Swiss Stonehenge”.
“I’ve never really experienced anything like this. Whenever we dig something up, we usually know what it’s all about,” he said. He continued on by stating, “Our 170 cairns of 500 cubic meters of stones each does bring quite a decent amount to the shores of Lake Constance.”
An international team of researchers will conduct further studies in the upcoming months to learn more about these fascinating stones. Several pictures of the stone monument called “Swiss Stonehenge” can be seen here.
Put an ear to the ground on Mars and you’ll be rewarded with a symphony of sounds. Granted, you’ll need superhuman hearing, but NASA’s InSight lander comes equipped with a very special “ear.”
The spacecraft’s exquisitely sensitive seismometer, called the Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure (SEIS), can pick up vibrations as subtle as a breeze. The instrument was provided by the French space agency, Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES), and its partners.
Clouds drift over the dome-covered seismometer, known as SEIS, belonging to NASA’s InSight lander, on Mars.
Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech
SEIS was designed to listen for marsquakes. Scientists want to study how the seismic waves of these quakes move through the planet’s interior, revealing the deep inner structure of Mars for the first time.
But after the seismometer was set down by InSight’s robotic arm, Mars seemed shy. It didn’t produce its first rumbling until this past April, and this first quake turned out to be an odd duck. It had a surprisingly high-frequency seismic signal compared to what the science team has heard since then. Out of more than 100 events detected to date, about 21 are strongly considered to be quakes. The remainder could be quakes as well, but the science team hasn’t ruled out other causes.
Quakes
Put on headphones to listen to two of the more representative quakes SEIS has detected. These occurred on May 22, 2019 (the 173rd Martian day, or sol, of the mission) and July 25, 2019 (Sol 235). Far below the human range of hearing, these sonifications from SEIS had to be speeded up and slightly processed to be audible through headphones. Both were recorded by the “very broad band sensors” on SEIS, which are more sensitive at lower frequencies than its short period sensors.
The Sol 173 quake is about a magnitude 3.7; the Sol 235 quake is about a magnitude 3.3.
Each quake is a subtle rumble. The Sol 235 quake becomes particularly bass-heavy toward the end of the event. Both suggest that the Martian crust is like a mix of the Earth’s crust and the Moon’s. Cracks in Earth’s crust seal over time as water fills them with new minerals. This enables sound waves to continue uninterrupted as they pass through old fractures. Drier crusts like the Moon’s remain fractured after impacts, scattering sound waves for tens of minutes rather than allowing them to travel in a straight line. Mars, with its cratered surface, is slightly more Moon-like, with seismic waves ringing for a minute or so, whereas quakes on Earth can come and go in seconds.
Mechanical Sounds and Wind Gusts
SEIS has no trouble identifying quiet quakes, but its sensitive ear means scientists have lots of other noises to filter out. Over time, the team has learned to recognize the different sounds. And while some are trickier than others to spot, they all have made InSight’s presence on Mars feel more real to those working with the spacecraft.
“It’s been exciting, especially in the beginning, hearing the first vibrations from the lander,” said Constantinos Charalambous, an InSight science team member at Imperial College London who works with the SP sensors. “You’re imagining what’s really happening on Mars as InSight sits on the open landscape.”
Charalambous and Nobuaki Fuji of Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris provided the audio samples for this story, including the one below, which is also best heard with headphones and captures the array of sounds they’re hearing.
On March 6, 2019, a camera on InSight’s robotic arm was scanning the surface in front of the lander. Each movement of the arm produces what to SEIS is a piercing noise.
Wind gusts can also create noise. The team is always on the hunt for quakes, but they’ve found the twilight hours are one of the best times to do so. During the day, sunlight warms the air and creates more wind interference than at night.
Evening is also when peculiar sounds that the InSight team has nicknamed “dinks and donks” become more prevalent. The team knows they’re coming from delicate parts within the seismometer expanding and contracting against one another and thinks heat loss may be the factor, similar to how a car engine “ticks” after it’s turned off and begins cooling.
You can hear a number of these dinks and donks in this next set of sounds, recorded just after sundown on July 16, 2019 (Sol 226). Listen carefully and you can also pick out an eerie whistling that the team thinks may be caused by interference in the seismometer’s electronics.
What does it sound like to you? A hall full of grandfather clocks? A Martian jazz ensemble? Share your thoughts with us on Twitter.
About InSight
JPL manages InSight for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate. InSight is part of NASA’s Discovery Program, managed by the agency’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. Lockheed Martin Space in Denver built the InSight spacecraft, including its cruise stage and lander, and supports spacecraft operations for the mission.
A number of European partners, including France’s Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES) and the German Aerospace Center (DLR), are supporting the InSight mission. CNES provided the Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure (SEIS) instrument to NASA, with the principal investigator at IPGP (Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris). Significant contributions for SEIS came from IPGP; the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS) in Germany; the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich) in Switzerland; Imperial College London and Oxford University in the United Kingdom; and JPL. DLR provided the Heat Flow and Physical Properties Package (HP3) instrument, with significant contributions from the Space Research Center (CBK) of the Polish Academy of Sciences and Astronika in Poland. Spain’s Centro de Astrobiología (CAB) supplied the temperature and wind sensors.
Contacts and sources:
Andrew Good, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. Alana Johnson, NASA Headquarters
If you could travel back in time 3.5 billion years, what would Mars look like? The picture is evolving among scientists working with NASA’s Curiosity rover.
Imagine ponds dotting the floor of Gale Crater, the 100-mile-wide (150-kilometer-wide) ancient basin that Curiosity is exploring. Streams might have laced the crater’s walls, running toward its base. Watch history in fast forward, and you’d see these waterways overflow then dry up, a cycle that probably repeated itself numerous times over millions of years.The network of cracks in this Martian rock slab called “Old Soaker” may have formed from the drying of a mud layer more than 3 billion years ago. The view spans about 3 feet (90 centimeters) left-to-right and combines three images taken by the MAHLI camera on the arm of NASA’s Curiosity Mars rover.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS
That is the landscape described by Curiosity scientists in a Nature Geoscience paper published today. The authors interpret rocks enriched in mineral salts discovered by the rover as evidence of shallow briny ponds that went through episodes of overflow and drying. The deposits serve as a watermark created by climate fluctuations as the Martian environment transitioned from a wetter one to the freezing desert it is today.
Scientists would like to understand how long this transition took and when exactly it occurred. This latest clue may be a sign of findings to come as Curiosity heads toward a region called the “sulfate-bearing unit,” which is expected to have formed in an even drier environment. It represents a stark difference from lower down the mountain, where Curiosity discovered evidence of persistent freshwater lakes.
Gale Crater is the ancient remnant of a massive impact. Sediment carried by water and wind eventually filled in the crater floor, layer by layer. After the sediment hardened, wind carved the layered rock into the towering Mount Sharp, which Curiosity is climbing today. Now exposed on the mountain’s slopes, each layer reveals a different era of Martian history and holds clues about the prevailing environment at the time.
“We went to Gale Crater because it preserves this unique record of a changing Mars,” said lead author William Rapin of Caltech. “Understanding when and how the planet’s climate started evolving is a piece of another puzzle: When and how long was Mars capable of supporting microbial life at the surface?”
He and his co-authors describe salts found across a 500-foot-tall (150-meter-tall) section of sedimentary rocks called “Sutton Island,” which Curiosity visited in 2017. Based on a series of mud cracks at a location named “Old Soaker,” the team already knew the area had intermittent drier periods. But the Sutton Island salts suggest the water also concentrated into brine.
Typically, when a lake dries up entirely, it leaves piles of pure salt crystals behind. But the Sutton Island salts are different: For one thing, they’re mineral salts, not table salt. They’re also mixed with sediment, suggesting they crystallized in a wet environment – possibly just beneath evaporating shallow ponds filled with briny water.
Given that Earth and Mars were similar in their early days, Rapin speculated that Sutton Island might have resembled saline lakes on South America’s Altiplano. Streams and rivers flowing from mountain ranges into this arid, high-altitude plateau lead to closed basins similar to Mars’ ancient Gale Crater. Lakes on the Altiplano are heavily influenced by climate in the same way as Gale.
“During drier periods, the Altiplano lakes become shallower, and some can dry out completely,” Rapin said. “The fact that they’re vegetation-free even makes them look a little like Mars.”
This animation demonstrates the salty ponds and streams that scientists think may have been left behind as Gale Crater dried out over time. The bottom of the image is the floor of Gale Crater, with the peak being the side of Mount Sharp.
Credit: ASU Knowledge Enterprise Development (KED), Michael Northrop
Signs of a Drying Mars
Sutton Island’s salt-enriched rocks are just one clue among several the rover team is using to piece together how the Martian climate changed. Looking across the entirety of Curiosity’s journey, which began in 2012, the science team sees a cycle of wet to dry across long timescales on Mars.
“As we climb Mount Sharp, we see an overall trend from a wet landscape to a drier one,” said Curiosity Project Scientist Ashwin Vasavada of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. JPL leads the Mars Science Laboratory mission that Curiosity is a part of. “But that trend didn’t necessarily occur in a linear fashion. More likely, it was messy, including drier periods, like what we’re seeing at Sutton Island, followed by wetter periods, like what we’re seeing in the ‘clay-bearing unit’ that Curiosity is exploring today.”
Up until now, the rover has encountered lots of flat sediment layers that had been gently deposited at the bottom of a lake. Team member Chris Fedo, who specializes in the study of sedimentary layers at the University of Tennessee, noted that Curiosity is currently running across large rock structures that could have formed only in a higher-energy environment such as a windswept area or flowing streams.
Wind or flowing water piles sediment into layers that gradually incline. When they harden into rock, they become large structures similar to “Teal Ridge,” which Curiosity investigated this past summer.
“Finding inclined layers represents a major change, where the landscape isn’t completely underwater anymore,” said Fedo. “We may have left the era of deep lakes behind.”
Curiosity has already spied more inclined layers in the distant sulfate-bearing unit. The science team plans to drive there in the next couple years and investigate its many rock structures. If they formed in drier conditions that persisted for a long period, that might mean that the clay-bearing unit represents an in-between stage – a gateway to a different era in Gale Crater’s watery history.
“We can’t say whether we’re seeing wind or river deposits yet in the clay-bearing unit, but we’re comfortable saying is it’s definitely not the same thing as what came before or what lies ahead,” Fedo said.
For more about NASA’s Curiosity Mars rover mission, visit:
An interval of high salinity in ancient Gale crater lake on Mars. W. Rapin, B. L. Ehlmann, G. Dromart, J. Schieber, N. H. Thomas, W. W. Fischer, V. K. Fox, N. T. Stein, M. Nachon, B. C. Clark, L. C. Kah, L. Thompson, H. A. Meyer, T. S. J. Gabriel, C. Hardgrove, N. Mangold, F. Rivera-Hernandez, R. C. Wiens, A. R. Vasavada. Nature Geoscience, 2019; DOI: 10.1038/s41561-019-0458-8
The Essentials of Ufo Sightings That You Will be Able to Benefit From Beginning Immediately
The Essentials of Ufo Sightings That You Will be Able to Benefit From Beginning Immediately
New Step by Step Roadmap for Ufo Sightings
There isn’t a great deal of in between when it has to do with UFOs. The UFO looks like it’s been seen by plenty of individuals. Throughout that time period, there were two triangle UFOs sighted in the exact same location. By way of example, over Midlothian, many sightings are made from January to March. UFO sightings are now able to easily be captured on video, while it’s through a telephone or video camera. The most typically known UFO sighting in the USA is known as the Roswell UFO sighting of 1947.
Take a look at the pictures and videos and you decide by yourself. Some video footage implies that the objects move quickly. What earns the video footage even more credible is that there’s footage taken by different individuals in various areas of town.
The Fight Against Ufo Sightings
Real aliens are less inclined to be evil. In terms of Bigfoot sightings, ape-like creatures are seen all over the usa and Canada. There’s no unitary creature known as the government, which is in fact a group of interrelated hierarchies with diverse incentives and power structures. It’s not clear to me that the only means to generate an intelligent creature that evolves to the cap of the food chain is to produce a human with bilateral symmetry.
At the start of spring for the previous two thousand decades, the sun is apparently drifting across the stars of Pisces with each passing year. Earth is nowhere to be viewed. Even when you kept to lots of earth based templates for life it would be quite simple for chance and accident to create something very different from that which we know. The planet has to be in a comparatively circular orbit otherwise it will stray from the habitable zone. It must be large enough to hold an atmosphere.
Science isn’t so superficial. Someone has to cover science and every previous scientist. Mimicking science isn’t the exact same as doing science. Scientists have been searching for about a hundred decades. Two decades afterwards the scientists publicized the results of their test that they argued revealed that the animal isn’t human. Actually, scientists and a great deal of non-believers make no fuss about expressing their scepticism in regards to extrasensory perception.
There are lots of theories,” Kay explained. There are not many very good explanations for the majority of the Hudson Valley sightings. Among the arguments that scientists use to debunk UFO sightings is that our planet has existed for at least four billion decades, therefore the odds are very small that the aliens would just chance to arrive here during the few decades that we’ve got technology.
The Upside to Ufo Sightings
Many still seek out proof of aliens. The evidence might have been much more compelling, in the event the very first recorded incident was not revealed as a hoax. No, you won’t locate any evidence in case you don’t look. If you’re still not convinced or want to read more evidence an Arizona UFO might not be a laughing matter, you might delight in seeing for yourself, more UFO Evidence. In the Washington Post Dan Drezner implies that the simple fact that the Department of Defense is starting to engage with the thought of UFOs weakens their thesis, but I am not certain that’s appropriate. Why is everyone slightly obsessed with the thought of extraterrestrial life. So, there’s no need to fret about the 156,353 UFO sightings and warnings.
Why Everybody Is Mistaken Regarding Ufo Sightings and Why You Should Read This Article Right Now
Why Everybody Is Mistaken Regarding Ufo Sightings and Why You Should Read This Article Right Now
Usually once you speak about UFO sightings, most individuals believe that I mistook it for something else or they may think that it is merely a crap. UFO sightings are now able to easily be captured on video, while it’s through a telephone or video camera. They have become an ever-popular subject. In any event, UFO sightings aren’t something which’s new to society. On weekdays it appears that UFO sightings are driven by men and women that are routinely outside daily, rain or shine. During February in Minnesota, for instance, only 69 UFO sightings are reported since the start of the 21st century. The most typically known UFO sighting in america is called the Roswell UFO sighting of 1947.
There isn’t a great deal of in between when it has to do with UFOs. The UFO looks like it’s been seen by lots of individuals. Take for instance the lot of photographs that have been published of UFOs. Throughout that time period, there were two triangle UFOs sighted in the exact same location.
Why Almost Everything You’ve Learned About Ufo Sightings Is Wrong
UFO clubs operate on the internet to cover a huge geographical place. The video has become the fodder for quite a few arguments and debates about the authenticity of the same. It shows three different sightings of suspected UFOs in three different parts of the world. Take a look at the pictures and videos and you decide by yourself. Some video footage implies that the objects move quickly.
The Argument About Ufo Sightings
Starting a UFO club may sound unearthly as a means for young entrepreneurs to earn money. So, there’s no need to fret about the 156,353 UFO sightings and warnings. Why is everyone slightly obsessed with the concept of extraterrestrial life. There’s very little doubt that the web has played a part in the development of UFO reports in the past several years, though most can be explained by natural or human-caused phenomena. In the Washington Post Dan Drezner implies that the simple fact that the Department of Defense is starting to engage with the thought of UFOs weakens their thesis, but I am not certain that’s suitable. Most UFO sightings were reported in america, with 26 sightings happening during November.
Many still find proof of aliens. Before you make a decision as to what you believe, we implore you to comprehend the evidence. It is not easy to know what’s real evidence and what’s fake evidence. To begin with, so many men and women say reflexively that there’s no evidence of an ET presence engaging our planet, when they don’t really know the evidence. The unexplained cases appear to be similar in a lot of ways. Among the arguments that scientists use to debunk UFO sightings is that our planet has existed for over four billion decades, hence the odds are really small that the aliens would just chance to arrive here during the few decades that we’ve got technology.
What You Can Do About Ufo Sightings Starting in the Next Ten Minutes
Science isn’t too superficial. Someone has to cover science and every previous scientist. Mimicking science isn’t the exact same as doing science. Scientists have been on the lookout for about a hundred decades. Two decades afterwards the scientists publicized the results of their test that they argued revealed that the animal isn’t human. UFO experts claimed that the quantity of sightings has increased in recent decades. UFO enthusiasts think that the region is the ideal hotspot in the nation for UFO sightings.
Pulsing UFO Seen Over Black Sea On Oct 2019, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Pulsing UFO Seen Over Black Sea On Oct 2019, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Oct 2, 2019
Location of sighting: Black Sea, Burgas, Bulgaria Here is an extraordinary video of a UFO seen just a few days ago over the Black Sea. The UFO seems to change shape and pulse as if it wanted to be seen. This type of UFO has been seen around the world and often appears over cities to observe the human reactions below. I myself recorded a similar UFO over my apartments one night...a few years ago...and on the TV news a few days earlier I saw the same UFO seen over China. It gets around. Scott C. Waring
Eyewitness states:
UFO big spaceship with changing type, trajectory , shape , sizes , color and very dynamic flexi - pulsations ; Location -- in the international space area over Black Sea -- around Burgas city , BULGARIA.
UFOs from undersea secret bases are real and operated by undersea inhabitants
UFOs from undersea secret bases are real and operated by undersea inhabitants
Researcher Richard Sauder spoke about underwater bases associated with UFOs, as well as the secret government, and a coming economic implosion.
The late investigator and cryptozoologist Ivan T. Sanderson concluded that underwater UFOs were real and operated by undersea inhabitants, said Sauder, who added that Lake Erie is a hotspot for such activity.
A remarkable UFO sighing over Lake Erie was reported last year when a resident of Huron, Ohio captured a strange large cone shaped metal looking object with two triangular bright lights came out of it over Lake Erie before it all disappeared. Large cone shaped metal looking UFO in the sky over Lake Erie
There are underground salt deposits in the lake area, which are easier to drill into and create caverns than regular rock, he explained. Intriguingly, he also suggested that the underground bases may be connected with time travel, as water has many unusual properties and it may somehow facilitate the malleability of time.
The newly-published YouTube video of NASA’s Apollo 15 Moon mission has attracted wide attention of UFO enthusiasts. Aside from the astronauts roaming around the moon’s surface, something so strange has been observed by curious viewers.
The shaky camera caught what many UFO pundits consider to be an alien spaceship parked in the background of the American astronauts rambling on the surface of the moon.
Meanwhile, some commentators are disappointed with the video quality as it difficult to verify the authenticity of the footage.
However, many others have remained convinced that there’s something visible on the Moon horizon. They believe the video seems to show a white-colored, alien spacecraft in the distance.
Apollo 15 was the fourth to land on the Moon and the 9th human-crewed mission in Apollo program of NASA. It was the first mission with a greater focus on science and had a more extended stay on the Moon than earlier landings. It also saw the first utilization of the Lunar Roving Vehicle.
“The Milky Way is on a collision course with Andromeda in about 4 billion years. So knowing what kind of a monster our galaxy is up against is useful in finding out the Milky Way’s ultimate fate.”
Navaneeth Unnikrishnan of Kerala, India, created this wonderful stacked image of the Andromeda galaxy with images taken in 2014.
Standing outside on a clear night, in a dark country location, you can look across vast space to see the Andromeda galaxy, aka M31 – the large spiral galaxy next door to our Milky Way – the most distant thing we humans can see with the eye alone. This huge galaxy is twice the diameter of our Milky Way at about 200,000light-years. It contains about a trillion stars, in contrast to the Milky Way’s 250-400 billion. To the eye, it looks peaceful, but, as astronomers have studied it, they’ve uncovered a violent past and future. For example, on October 1, 2019, astronomers announced evidence for two major “migration events” in the history of the Andromeda galaxy, that is, events where smaller dwarf galaxies merged with the larger galaxy. The more recent one happened a few billion years ago and the older event many billions of years before that.
The evidence for the two events comes from the relatively new field of galactic archaeology, that is, the use of the motions and properties of stars and star clusters – in this case, globular star clusters – to reconstruct a galaxy’s history. A statement from Gemini Observatory explained:
Gas and dwarf galaxies in the vast cosmic web follow the gravitational paths laid out by dark matter – traversing filaments, they migrate slowly toward collections of dark matter and assemble into large galaxies. As dwarf galaxies are pulled in by gravity, they are also pulled apart, leaving behind long trailing streams of stars and compact star clusters.
Astronomers study the leftover streams of stars – still visible in modern galaxies – to unearth a galaxy’s history. In this case, the astronomers analyzed data from the Pan-Andromeda Archaeological Survey, known as PAndAS. Their study was published in the peer-reviewed journal Nature on October 2. Australian National University researcher Dougal Mackey co-led the study with Geraint Lewis from the University of Sydney.
The Andromeda galaxy. Image credit: 7244907 via Pixabay
(Free Pixabay licence)
Lewis commented:
We are cosmic archaeologists, except we are digging through the fossils of long-dead galaxies rather than human history.
Dougal Mackey said:
By tracing the faint remains of these smaller galaxies with embedded star clusters, we’ve been able to recreate the way Andromeda drew them in and ultimately enveloped them at the different times.
View larger. | Here is part of the evidence for 2 ancient migration events in the Andromeda galaxy. Astronomers studied this galaxy’s globular star clusters (lower right insets), indicated by colored circles. They are located in the outer halo of the Andromeda Galaxy, beyond the bright disk of the galaxy (upper left inset). The clusters separate into 2 groups: one associated with stellar streams and one not associated with stellar streams. The orbits of these groups of globular clusters are very different from each other, a result that points to 2 separate migration events in the history of the galaxy. The color of each circle indicates the line-of-sight velocity of the corresponding star cluster.
Image via Australian National University/NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory/Gemini Observatory.
The discovery presents several new mysteries, with the two bouts of galactic feeding coming from completely different directions. Lewis said:
This is very weird and suggests that the extragalactic meals are fed from what’s known as the ‘cosmic web’ of matter that threads the universe.
More surprising is the discovery that the direction of the ancient feeding is the same as the bizarre ‘plane of satellites,’ an unexpected alignment of dwarf galaxies orbiting Andromeda.
Mackey and Lewis were part of a team that previously discovered such planes were fragile and rapidly destroyed by Andromeda’s gravity within a few billion years. Lewis said:
This deepens the mystery as the plane must be young, but it appears to be aligned with ancient feeding of dwarf galaxies. Maybe this is because of the cosmic web, but really, this is only speculation.
We’re going to have to think quite hard to unravel what this is telling us.
These astronomers also spoke of the future of the Andromeda galaxy and our Milky Way. The two large galaxies are currently approaching each other, and they are expected to collide several billion years from now. Mackey said:
The Milky Way is on a collision course with Andromeda in about four billion years. So knowing what kind of a monster our galaxy is up against is useful in finding out the Milky Way’s ultimate fate.
Artist’s concept of Earth’s night sky in 3.75 billion years. The Andromeda galaxy (left) will fill our field of view then, astronomers say, as it heads toward a collision, or merger, with our Milky way galaxy.
Image via NASA/ESA/Z. Levay and R. van der Marel, STScI/T. Hallas; and A. Mellinger.
Bottom line: Astronomers used galactic archaeology – the study of star motions in a modern galaxy – to uncover past mergings of small galaxies with the Andromeda galaxy. They say this work will help them understand a collision due to occur between the Andromeda galaxy and our Milky Way billions of years from now.
Navy Pilot Who Reportedly Encountered UFO Reveals New Incidents About Alien ‘Dark Mass’
Navy Pilot Who Reportedly Encountered UFO Reveals New Incidents About Alien ‘Dark Mass’
In September, the US Navy confirmed that three videos which were previously released by To The Stars Academy of Arts, possibly showing UFO encounters, were of “unauthorised and unidentified” aircraft. One pilot that was among those who potentially exposed a UFO back in 2004 has shared more details about the US Navy’s alien encounters in the past.
Former US Navy pilot Commander David Fravor, who was among those who pursued the famous “Tic Tac”-shaped UFO near the coast of San Diego in 2004 - which later came out on one of the three videos revealed by To The Stars Academy - appeared on the Joe Rogan Experience podcast this Saturday to discuss potential encounters with extraterrestrial life experienced by other airmen.
David Fravor first revealed his squadron’s encounter with a 12-metre-long “Tic Tac-looking object” during training exercises in the Pacific Ocean in a shocking article in The New York Times in December 2017. Back in 2004, the pilots first witnessed an unidentified Boeing 747-sized object under the surface of the water and then another one erratically moving just above it, which was later filmed by another member of Fravor’s squadron with the help of the plane’s infra-red targeting camera.
The footage, filmed on 14 November 2004 and titled “FLIR1”, later emerged among two other videos, titled “Gimbal” and “GoFast” and captured in January 2015, that were acquired by former Pentagon official Luis Elizondo and released by To The Stars Academy of Arts and Science, a UFO research organisation founded by Blink-182 singer Tom DeLonge.
In mid-September, US Navy spokesman Joseph Gradisher confirmed for the first time that the videos really showed "unidentified phenomena".
In his first major interview since the videos were acknowledged, Commander Fravor revealed some other shocking stories about the US Navy’s potential UFO encounters that other pilots told him about following his revelation.
“They don’t feel alone”, Fravor said during the Joe Rogan Experience podcast, published on the PowerfulJRE YouTube channel. “One of the guys was a Navy helicopter pilot. He was flying a CH-53, a big heavy-lifter the Marine Corps uses for certain things. Off the East Coast they do a lot of shooting, at the time it was off Puerto Rico”.
According to Fravor, the pilot, whose job included retrieving BQM aerial target drones and submarine telemetry torpedoes in the 1990s, once encountered an unexplained “kind of dark mass coming up from the depths”.
“As they hoist the BQM up, he’s looking at this thing going, ‘What the hell is that?’’ Fravor said, while recalling the pilot’s story. “And then it just goes back down underwater. Once they pull the kid and the BQM out of the water, this object descends back into the depths”.
According to Favor, the incident was repeated a few months later.
“He’s out picking up a torpedo, they hook the diver up on the winch, and as they’re lowering him down, he sees this big mass. He goes, ‘It’s not a submarine’. He’s seen submarines before. Once you’ve seen a submarine you can’t confuse it with something else. This big object, kind of circular, is coming up from the depths and he starts screaming through the intercom system to tell them to pull the diver up, and the diver’s only a few feet from the water”, Fravor said.
“They reverse the winch and the diver’s thinking, ‘What the hell is going on?’ And all of a sudden he said the torpedo just got sucked down underwater, and the object just descended back down into the depths. They never recovered it”.
Fravor added that the helicopter pilot, whose story he shared, was sure that the torpedo “didn’t sink”, but rather “got sucked down”. The former Navy commander also added that objects that he encountered himself were potentially “manipulating the gravity field and just moving through a void” and could “in theory fly, go into the ocean” and even go to space, with up to a dozen of them being tracked by the USS Princeton’s systems prior to his squadron’s sighting in 2004.
In September, former Pentagon employee Luis Elizondo, who currently works for To The Stars Academy of Arts and Science,claimed that some of the extensive data and physical evidence that his organisation obtained could prove the existence of UFOs.
Giant molecules can be in two places at once, thanks to quantum physics.
That's something that scientists have long known is theoretically true based on a few facts: Every particle or group of particles in the universe is also a wave — even large particles, even bacteria, even human beings, even planets and stars. And waves occupy multiple places in space at once. So any chunk of matter can also occupy two places at once. Physicists call this phenomenon "quantum superposition," and for decades, they have demonstrated it using small particles.
But in recent years, physicists have scaled up their experiments, demonstrating quantum superposition using larger and larger particles. Now, in a paper published Sept. 23 in the journal Nature Physics, an international team of researchers has caused molecule made up of up to 2,000 atoms to occupy two places at the same time.
To pull it off, the researchers built a complicated, modernized version of a series of famous old experiments that first demonstrated quantum superposition.
Researchers had long known that light, fired through a sheet with two slits in it, would create an interference pattern, or a series of light and dark fringes, on the wall behind the sheet. But light was understood as a massless wave, not something made of particles, so this wasn't surprising. However, in a series of famous experiments in the 1920s, physicists showed that electrons fired through thin films or crystals would behave in a similar way, forming patterns like light does on the wall behind the diffracting material.
If electrons were simply particles, and so could occupy only one point in space at a time, they would form two strips, roughly the shape of the slits, on the wall behind the film or crystal. But instead, the electrons hit that wall in complex patterns suggesting the electrons had interfered with themselves . That is a telltale sign of a wave; in some spots, the peaks of the waves coincide, creating brighter regions, while in other spots, the peaks coincide with troughs, so the two cancel each other out and create a dark region. Because physicists already knew that electrons had mass and were definitely particles, the experiment showed that matter acts both as individual particles and as waves.
An illustrations show how electrons, particles of matter, act like waves when they pass through a double-slitted sheet.
(Image credit: Johannes Kalliauer/CC BY-SA 4.0)
But it's one thing to create an interference pattern with electrons. Doing it with giant molecules is a lot trickier. Bigger molecules have less-easily detected waves, because more massive objects have shorter wavelengths that can lead to barely-perceptible interference patterns. And these 2,000-atom particles have wavelengths smaller than the diameter of a single hydrogen atom, so their interference pattern is much less dramatic.
To pull off the double-slit experiment for big things, the researchers built a machine that could fire a beam of molecules (hulking things called "oligo-tetraphenylporphyrins enriched with fluoroalkylsulfanyl chains," some more than 25,000 times the mass of a simple hydrogen atom) through a series of grates and sheets bearing multiple slits. The beam was about 6.5 feet (2 meters) long. That's big enough that the researchers had to account for factors like gravity and the rotation of the Earth in designing the beam emitter, the scientists wrote in the paper. They also kept the molecules fairly warm for a quantum physics experiment, so they had to account for heat jostling the particles.
But still, when the researchers switched the machine on, the detectors at the far end of the beam revealed an interference pattern. The molecules were occupying multiple points in space at once.
It's an exciting result, the researchers wrote, proving quantum interference at larger scales than had ever before been detected.
"The next generation of matter-wave experiments will push the mass by an order of magnitude," the authors wrote.
So, even bigger demonstrations of quantum interference are coming, though it probably won't be possible to fire yourself through an interferometer anytime soon. (First of all, the vacuum in the machine would probably kill you.) Us giant beings are just going to have to sit in one place and watch the particles have all the fun.
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U.S. Air Force scientists developed liquid metal which autonomously changes structure
U.S. Air Force scientists developed liquid metal which autonomously changes structure
Photo courtesy of Raytheon
As reported by the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, military scientists have developed a “Terminator-like” liquid metal that can autonomously change the structure, just like in a Hollywood movie.
The scientists developed liquid metal systems for stretchable electronics – that can be bent, folded, crumpled and stretched – are major research areas towards next-generation military devices.
Conductive materials change their properties as they are strained or stretched. Typically, electrical conductivity decreases and resistance increases with stretching.
The material recently developed by Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) scientists, called Polymerized Liquid Metal Networks, does just the opposite. These liquid metal networks can be strained up to 700%, autonomously respond to that strain to keep the resistance between those two states virtually the same, and still return to their original state. It is all due to the self-organized nanostructure within the material that performs these responses automatically.
“This response to stretching is the exact opposite of what you would expect,” said Dr. Christopher Tabor, AFRL lead research scientist on the project. “Typically a material will increase in resistance as it is stretched simply because the current has to pass through more material. Experimenting with these liquid metal systems and seeing the opposite response was completely unexpected and frankly unbelievable until we understood what was going on.”
Wires maintaining their properties under these different kinds of mechanical conditions have many applications, such as next-generation wearable electronics. For instance, the material could be integrated into a long-sleeve garment and used for transferring power through the shirt and across the body in a way that bending an elbow or rotating a shoulder won’t change the power transferred.
The U.S. Navy commissioned the newest littoral combat ship, USS Cincinnati (LCS 20) during a ceremony…
AFRL researchers also evaluated the material’s heating properties in a form factor resembling a heated glove. They measured thermal response with sustained finger movement and retained a nearly constant temperature with a constant applied voltage, unlike current state-of-the-art stretchable heaters that lose substantial thermal power generation when strained due to the resistance changes.
This project started within the last year and was developed in AFRL with fundamental research dollars from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. It is currently being explored for further development in partnership with both private companies and universities. Working with companies on cooperative research is beneficial because they take early systems that function well in the lab and optimize them for potential scale up. In this case, they will enable integration of these materials into textiles that can serve to monitor and augment human performance.
The researchers start with individual particles of liquid metal enclosed in a shell, which resemble water balloons. Each particle is then chemically tethered to the next one through a polymerization process, akin to adding links into a chain; in that way all of the particles are connected to each other.
As the connected liquid metal particles are strained, the particles tear open and liquid metal spills out. Connections form to give the system both conductivity and inherent stretchability. During each stretching cycle after the first, the conductivity increases and returns back to normal. To top it off, there is no detection of fatigue after 10,000 cycles.
“The discovery of Polymerized Liquid Metal Networks is ideal for stretchable power delivery, sensing and circuitry,” said Capt. Carl Thrasher, research chemist within the Materials and Manufacturing Directorate at AFRL and lead author on the Journal Article. “Human interfacing systems will be able to operate continuously, weigh less, and deliver more power with this technology.”
“We think this is really exciting for a multitude of applications,” he added. “This is something that isn’t available on the market today so we are really excited to introduce this to the world and spread the word.”
The first dead bull was found in a timbered ravine in eastern Oregon. There was no indication it had been shot, attacked by predators or eaten poisonous plants. The animal's sex organs and tongue had been removed. All the blood was gone.
In the next few days, four more Hereford bulls were found within 1.5 miles (2.4 kilometers) in the same condition. There were no tracks around the carcasses. Ranch management and law enforcement suspect that someone killed the bulls. Ranch hands have been advised to travel in pairs and to go armed.
Ever since the bulls were found over several days in July, Harney County Sheriff's Deputy Dan Jenkins has received many calls and emails from people speculating what, or who, might be responsible.
The theories range from scavengers such as carrion bugs eating the carcasses to people attacking the animals to cause financial harm to ranchers. One person suggested that Jenkins look for craters underneath the carcasses, saying it would be evidence the bulls had been levitated into a spaceship, mutilated, and then dropped back to the ground.
Jenkins, who is leading the investigation that also involves state police, has run into only dead ends, with no witnesses. 'If anyone has concrete information or knows of any cases that have been solved in the past, that would definitely be helpful,' he said from his office in Burns.
Colby Marshall, vice president of the Silvies Valley Ranch that owned the bulls, has another theory: 'We think that this crime is being perpetuated by some sort of a cult,' he said.
A Hereford bull lies dead in Burns, Oregon, one of five apparently healthy bulls that were found dead and with sex organs and tongues removed. Authorities suspect the bizarre deaths and mutilations were human caused, but have no leads
The case recalls mutilations of livestock across the West and Midwest in the 1970s that struck fear in rural areas. Thousands of cattle and other livestock were found dead with the reproductive organs, and sometimes part of their faces, removed, in territory ranging from Minnesota to New Mexico.
Ranchers began carrying guns. Folks said helicopters had been heard around the kill sites. A federal agency canceled an inventory by helicopter of its lands in Colorado, worried that it would get shot down.
A couple of U.S. senators urged the FBI to investigate, according to FBI documents. After saying it lacked jurisdiction, the FBI agreed to investigate cases on tribal lands. But the mutilations stopped. Former FBI agent Kenneth Rommel, who headed the investigation, said there was no indication that anything other than common predators were responsible.
Cases have emerged sporadically since then. In the 1980s, a few cows were found dead and mutilated in eastern Oregon. More recently, there have been cases on a ranch near Flagstaff, Arizona.
Some of the mutilations can be attributed to natural causes. An animal drops dead, the blood pools at the bottom of the carcass, the carcass bloats and the skin dries out and splits. The tears often appear surgical. Carrion bugs, birds and other scavengers go for soft tissues like rectum, genitals, udders and eyes.
Dave Bohnert, director of Oregon State University's Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center in Burns, said he believes people killed the Silvies bulls because there is no indication they were felled by predators or had eaten poisonous plants. However, the state of the carcasses could be attributable to nature, said Bohnert, who is not officially investigating the case.
If people killed the bulls, a motive could be to financially harm the ranch, he said, noting that breeding bulls cost thousands of dollars each, and the 100-plus calves each of them sire are collectively worth much more.
Marshall doubts it was a malicious attack on the ranch, which employs 75 people, many from local communities. Silvies Valley Ranch covers 140,000 acres (57,000 hectares) of deeded and leased National Forest lands around a mile above sea level.
Colby Marshall (above), vice president of Silvies Valley Ranch poses for a picture in Burns, Oregon. Silvies Valley Ranch owns five bulls that were found dead with sex organs and tongues removed. Here Marshall is pictured in September 2017
In 2006, a wealthy veterinarian bought the ranch and made it a combination working ranch and an elite destination resort. It has four golf courses, a spa, shooting ranges, fishing and luxury cabins going for up to $849 per night.
Marshall suspects the bulls were killed to get the organs of the free-ranging bulls for some reason. The bull parts would be available cheaply or free at a slaughterhouse, but he believes some people are going to a lot of trouble to get these parts on the range.
There's no sign that scavengers removed the organs of the bulls, and instead someone using a knife or scalpel probably did, Marshall said.
'To lose a completely healthy animal would be an oddity,' Marshall said. 'To lose five young, very healthy, in great shape, perfect bulls that are all basically the same age ... that is so outside the bounds of normal activity.'
Marshall speculates the bulls were darted with a tranquilizer that knocked them out. While some people acted as lookouts, others bled the animals out by inserting a large-gauge needle into the tongue and into an artery, then removed the organs after the heart stopped beating, he surmised.
Jenkins, the deputy, has a similar theory.
'Personally, I would lean more toward the occult, where people for whatever reason -- whether it's a phase of the moon or whatever rituals they're going to do with their beliefs -- are coming to different areas and doing that,' he said.
The Oregon Cattlemen's Association is offering a $1,000 reward for information leading to the conviction of those responsible. The ranch is offering $25,000.
5 bulls found dead in Oregon; then the story gets weird
5 bulls found dead in Oregon; then the story gets weird
Theories about what happened to the bulls have included bugs, them being mutilated in a spaceship and the work of a cult.
By Associated Press
SALEM, Ore. — The first dead bull was found in a timbered ravine in eastern Oregon. There was no indication it had been shot, attacked by predators or eaten poisonous plants. The animal's sex organs and tongue had been removed. All the blood was gone.
In the next few days, four more Hereford bulls were found within 1.5 miles in the same condition. There were no tracks around the carcasses. Ranch management and law enforcement suspect that someone killed the bulls. Ranch hands have been advised to travel in pairs and to go armed.
Ever since the bulls were found over several days in July, Harney County Sheriff's Deputy Dan Jenkins has received many calls and emails from people speculating what, or who, might be responsible.
The theories range from scavengers such as carrion bugs eating the carcasses to people attacking the animals to cause financial harm to ranchers. One person suggested that Jenkins look for craters underneath the carcasses, saying it would be evidence the bulls had been levitated into a spaceship, mutilated, and then dropped back to the ground.
Jenkins, who is leading the investigation that also involves state police, has run into only dead ends, with no witnesses. "If anyone has concrete information or knows of any cases that have been solved in the past, that would definitely be helpful," he said from his office in Burns.
A dead Hereford bull in Burns, Ore., in an undated photo.Silvies Valley Ranch / via AP
Colby Marshall, vice president of the Silvies Valley Ranch that owned the bulls, has another theory: "We think that this crime is being perpetuated by some sort of a cult," he said.
The case recalls mutilations of livestock across the West and Midwest in the 1970s that struck fear in rural areas. Thousands of cattle and other livestock were found dead with the reproductive organs, and sometimes part of their faces, removed, in territory ranging from Minnesota to New Mexico.
Ranchers began carrying guns. Folks said helicopters had been heard around the kill sites. A federal agency canceled an inventory by helicopter of its lands in Colorado, worried that it would get shot down.
A couple of U.S. senators urged the FBI to investigate, according to FBI documents. After saying it lacked jurisdiction, the FBI agreed to investigate cases on tribal lands. But the mutilations stopped. Former FBI agent Kenneth Rommel, who headed the investigation, said there was no indication that anything other than common predators were responsible.
Oregon ranchers on high alert as 4 bulls are mysteriously mutilated on a ranch.
Cases have emerged sporadically since then. In the 1980s, a few cows were found dead and mutilated in eastern Oregon. More recently, there have been cases on a ranch near Flagstaff, Arizona.
Some of the mutilations can be attributed to natural causes. An animal drops dead, the blood pools at the bottom of the carcass, the carcass bloats and the skin dries out and splits. The tears often appear surgical. Carrion bugs, birds and other scavengers go for soft tissues like rectum, genitals, udders and eyes.
Dave Bohnert, director of Oregon State University's Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center in Burns, said he believes people killed the Silvies bulls because there is no indication they were felled by predators or had eaten poisonous plants. However, the state of the carcasses could be attributable to nature, said Bohnert, who is not officially investigating the case.
If people killed the bulls, a motive could be to financially harm the ranch, he said, noting that breeding bulls cost thousands of dollars each, and the 100-plus calves each of them sire are collectively worth much more.
Marshall doubts it was a malicious attack on the ranch, which employs 75 people, many from local communities. Silvies Valley Ranch covers 140,000 acres of deeded and leased National Forest lands around a mile above sea level.
In 2006, a wealthy veterinarian bought the ranch and made it a combination working ranch and an elite destination resort. It has four golf courses, a spa, shooting ranges, fishing and luxury cabins going for up to $849 per night.
Marshall suspects the bulls were killed to get the organs of the free-ranging bulls for some reason. The bull parts would be available cheaply or free at a slaughterhouse, but he believes some people are going to a lot of trouble to get these parts on the range.
There's no sign that scavengers removed the organs of the bulls, and instead someone using a knife or scalpel probably did, Marshall said.
"To lose a completely healthy animal would be an oddity," Marshall said. "To lose five young, very healthy, in great shape, perfect bulls that are all basically the same age ... that is so outside the bounds of normal activity."
Marshall speculates the bulls were darted with a tranquilizer that knocked them out. While some people acted as lookouts, others bled the animals out by inserting a large-gauge needle into the tongue and into an artery, then removed the organs after the heart stopped beating, he surmised.
Jenkins, the deputy, has a similar theory.
"Personally, I would lean more toward the occult, where people for whatever reason -- whether it's a phase of the moon or whatever rituals they're going to do with their beliefs -- are coming to different areas and doing that," he said.
The Oregon Cattlemen's Association is offering a $1,000 reward for information leading to the conviction of those responsible. The ranch is offering $25,000.
The 4 bulls were found mutilated, without genitals and tongue, in the Malheur National Forest in Oregon
The so-called Drake equationis a probabilistic argument purposed to estimate the number of active, communicative extraterrestrial civilizations in our galaxy. The equation is:
where
R* represents the average rate of star formation in our galaxy
fl is the fraction of planets that could support life that actually do develop life at some point
fi is the fraction of planets with life that develop (intelligent) civilizations
fc is the fraction of civilizations that develop technology which emit detectable signals of their existance into space
L is the length of time for which extra terrestrial civilizations release detectable signals into space
Subject to the assumptions that give rise to these variables, estimates of the number of extraterrestrial civilizations in our galaxy have ranged widely from as low as 0.000000000091 (we are probably alone in our galaxy) to as high as 15,600,000 (our galaxy is populated by millions of intelligent civilizations). The following animation eloquently explains the factors that go into the estimation:
The Drake Equation
The Drake equation in other words summarizes the factors which are thought to affect the likelihood that humans will be able to detect radio-communication from intelligent extraterrestrial life (Burchell, 2006). The argument was first proposed in 1961 by American astronomer Frank Drake, for the purpose of stimulating scientific dialogue at the meeting of the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) community:
As I planned the meeting, I realized a few day[s] ahead of time we needed an agenda. And so I wrote down all the things you needed to know to predict how hard it’s going to be to detect extraterrestrial life. And looking at them it became pretty evident that if you multiplied all these together, you got a number, N, which is the number of detectable civilizations in our galaxy. This was aimed at the radio search, and not to search for primordial or primitive life forms.
The 1961 meeting of the SETI community was arranged following a surge of interest among various well-known physicists and astronomers’ in searching for extra terrestrial communications. Evidence of this interest includes Giuseppe Cocconi and Philip Morrison’s Nature article Searching for Interstellar Communications which first proposed the idea of using radio telescopes to try to detect transmissions broadcast by extraterrestrial civilizations. It also includes a newspaper article entitled Life on other Planets? in the Sydney Morning Harald (1959) in which Harlow Shapley (father of Nobel laureate mathematician Lloyd Shapley) and William Howells’ work for the Darwin Centennial celebration is highlighted.
Original estimates
Depending on the assumptions, as many skeptics have pointed out, the Drake equation can give a very wide range of values. Original “educated guesses” for each parameter proposed by Drake and his colleagues in 1961 were:
R* ≈ 1, the yearly average rate of star formation in our galaxy
fp ≈ 0.2– 0.5, one fifth to one half of all stars will have planets
ne ≈ 1–5, stars with planets will have between one and five planets in the habitable zone
fl ≈ 1, every planet in the habitable zone will develop life
fi ≈ 1, every planet will life will develop intelligent life
fc ≈ 0.1–0.2, between 10% – 20% of planets with intelligent life will be able to communicate
L ≈ 1000–100 000 000, the length of time for which extra terrestrials will send detectable signals into space and these signals’ duration
If we assume the lower estimates, the solution to the Drake equation then yields:
If we instead assume the higher estimates, the solution to the Drake equation then yields:
Suggesting that intelligent extra terrestrial civilizations in the Milky Way number somewhere between 20 (two zero) and 50 million. In other words, if one agrees with the 1961 assumptions of Drake and his colleagues’, it is likely that there currently exists intelligent extra terrestrial civilizations capable of communicating with Earth, as we speak. However, as should be clear, a few of these assumptions seem implausibly optimistic.
Better informed estimates
Although we have a fairly good idea of the rate of stellar formation, a dearth of data for the other components means that calculations are often reduced to the creative speculations of quixotic astronomers.
— Michael Shermer
Since the above first estimate was proposed in 1961, each factor of the Drake equation have been further researched, altering the original estimation drastically. The only factor we can claim to have empirically valid, statistically significant estimates for, as Michael Shermer points out, is the first, the rate of star formation in the Milky Way (Shermer, 2002):
The star formation rate
The first factor (R*) representing the rate of star formation in the Milky Way was in 2010 estimated by researchers Thomas Robitaille and Barbara A. Whitney to be approximately equal to between R* = 0.68 M☉ and 1.45 M☉, where M☉ represents a solar mass. Using the data from the GLIMPSE infrared survey conducted with NASA’s Spitzer infrared telescope, the study derived the galactic star formation rate (SFR) by comparing the number of young stellar objects (YSO) with a refined stellar-population synthesis model (Wanjek, 2015). The approximation yields a star formation rate of about 1.5–3 stars per year.
Fraction of stars with planets
The current best estimate of how many stars have planets (fp), perhaps surprisingly, argues that the fraction may approach 1, suggesting that not only do most stars have planets, every star does.
Fraction of planets in the habitable zone of sun-like stars
A 2013 paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences purported that based on Kepler space mission data, there could be as many as 40 billion Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of sun-like stars and red-dwarf stars in the Milky Way (Petigura et al, 2013). Considering that there are an estimated 100 billion stars in our galaxy, this implies that the fraction of planets in the habitable zone of sun-like stars (ne) is equal to 0.4.
Fraction of habitable planets that develop life
Considering no other planet than Earth have as of yet shown signs of life, estimations of the fraction of habitable planets that go on to develop life (fl) are speculative at best. If signs of life were to be found on e.g. Mars, Europa or Titan (which developed independently of life on earth), it could imply a value of fl approaching 1.
Fraction of habituated planets that develop intelligent life
Estimations of the fraction of habituated planets that go on to develop not only life, but intelligent life (fi), expectedly, varies widely. Among those who argue for low values, it is pointed out that among the billions of species on earth, only one (that we know of) has become intelligent, and so 1 divided by billions appears to argue for a small fraction. Among those who argue for high values, it is commonly pointed out that as the complexity of life increases over time, intelligence appears almost inevitable, given long enough time (Bonner, 1988).
Fraction of habituated planets with intelligent life that send signals into space
The motivation and incentives for the discovery of the usefulness of electromagnetic waves for the purposes of long-distance communications appear strong enough to argue for the inevitability of a fraction of intelligent civilizations eventually emitting signals into space (fc), revealing their existence. This would argue for a high fraction. Arguments for a low fraction vary widely from those who claim that civilizations broadcast detectable radio signals only for a brief period of time before superior technology takes over, to those who argue that civilizations tend to isolate themselves. Either estimate of course, varies widely and is essentially purely speculative.
Lifetime of an intelligent, communicative civilization
Although we do have empirical data to support estimations of the final factor, how long an intelligent, communicative civilization stays communicating (L), we lack an ability to extrapolate this data to other planets. Shermer (2002) argues that there have been 60 such civilizations thus far on earth (going back to Mesopotamia, Babylonia, Ancient Egypt and Greece, the Roman Empire, Chinese, Japanese, African, Indian and South American dynasties, and including six modern states of Europe and America) which survived a total of 25,234 years, giving an estimated average lifetime of an intelligent, communicative civilization to be L = 420.6 years. Others have added that at a certain level of complexity, civilizations overcome threats to their existence and go on forever. It has also been noted that as more civilizations arise and are extinct, future civilizations become increasingly sophisticated by learning from history.
A modern estimation
Inputing the estimates found above and using fractions of 0.5 where there is no data to rely on, we obtain:
Suggesting, somewhat nonsensically, that there are approximately 46 extra terrestrial civilizations in the Milky Way currently capable of communicating with earth.
Relationship to the Fermi paradox
The Drake equation has a relationship with the famous Fermi paradox which argues that there exists a contradiction between:
The lack of empirical evidence of extraterrestrial civilizations; and
The high estimates of the probability of extraterrestrial life (such as those arrived at by choosing high values for the factors in the Drake equation);
The argument for the paradox was formalized by Michael H. Hart in 1975, but bears Fermi’s name due to a well-known conversation about recent UFO reports between Enrico Fermi, Edward Teller, Herbert York and Emil Konopinski at the end of which Fermi supposedly proclaimed “But where is everybody?”.
Hart’s paper Explanation for the Absence of Extraterrestrials on Earth highlights the following axioms for the claim:
There are billons of other stars in our galaxy that are similar to our sun;
It is highly probable that some of these stars have Earth-like planets;
If the earth is typical, some of these planets may have developed intelligent life and interstellar travel;
Even at the slow velocity of envisioned interstellar travel, one could travel across the Milky Way in a few million years;
Following this reasoning, Hart argues, earth should already have been visited by extra terrestrial aliens or their probes, if they existed.
Howard: Are you not familiar with the Drake equation? Sheldon: The one that estimates the odds of making contact with extraterrestrials, by calculating the product of an increasingly restrictive series of fractional values, such as those stars with planets and those planets likely to develop life, N = R* × fₚ × nₑ × fₗ × fᵢ × f𝒸 × LHoward: Yeah, that one.
This essay is part of a series of stories on math-related topics, published in Cantor’s Paradise, a weekly Medium publication. Thank you for reading!
Zo groot als een Boeing 737. Voormalige gevechtspiloot doet boekje open over ‘reusachtig onderwaterobject’
Zo groot als een Boeing 737. Voormalige gevechtspiloot doet boekje open over ‘reusachtig onderwaterobject’
Een voormalige hooggeplaatste militair heeft in de podcast van Joe Rogan een boekje open gedaan over een enorm onderwaterobject waar hij mee werd geconfronteerd.
De voormalige marinepiloot David Fravor onthulde recentelijk tegenover de New York Times dat hij in 2004 tijdens een oefening voor de kust van San Diego een object ter grootte van een Boeing 737 had gespot onder het wateroppervlak.
Vlak boven het water en boven het onderwaterobject hing een 12 meter lang object in de vorm van een Tic Tac.
Ongelooflijke snelheid
Fravor probeerde het object te onderscheppen, maar het vloog weg met een ongelooflijke snelheid.
Hij speculeerde dat de objecten op de één of andere manier het zwaartekrachtveld kunnen manipuleren en door een soort leegte vliegen.
“Op die manier kun je de oceaan in vliegen, weer de lucht in vliegen en de ruimte in gaan,” zei hij.
Vreemde dingen
“Je verwijdert als het ware de barrières waar we met normale aandrijfsystemen mee te maken hebben,” vervolgde hij.
Hij zei dat veel van zijn collega’s ook vreemde dingen zien in de oceaan.
Eén van hen, een helikopterpiloot, zag op 15 meter boven het wateroppervlak een donkere massa omhoog komen uit de diepte.
Geen onderzeeër
Toen hij het object zagen verschijnen, verdween het weer snel richting de bodem.
“Hij zei dat het geen onderzeeër was,” aldus Fravor. “Hij weet hoe onderzeeërs eruitzien.”
Er werden op dat moment proeven gedaan met torpedo’s. Het leek erop alsof ze door het object omlaag werden gezogen.
THE SUPERMASSIVE black hole at the centre of the Milky Way exploded 3.5million years ago, according to astronomers.
This is considered to be 'astonishingly recent' in galactic terms and is changing what scientists thought they knew about our galaxy.
Professor Lisa Kewley, who worked on the study, said: "This is a dramatic event that happened a few million years ago in the Milky Way's history.
"A massive blast of energy and radiation came right out of the galactic centre and into the surrounding material.
"This shows that the centre of the Milky Way is a much more dynamic place than we had previously thought. It is lucky we're not residing there!"
The cataclysmic blast ripped through our galaxy and was likely felt 200,00 light years away in the Magellanic Stream.
This artist's impression shows the huge bursts of radiation exploding from the centre of the Milky Way and reaching the Magellanic Stream
It is considered to be a recent event because when it happened the dinosaurs had already been wiped out for 63million years and human ancestors were already walking on Earth.
This black hole blast phenomenon is known as a Seyfert flare.
The astronomers think it would have created two enormous 'ionisation cones' that would have sliced through the Milky Way.
They think it was caused by nuclear activity in the gigantic black hole, known as Sagittarius A.
It is estimated to have lasted for around 300,000 years, which is extremely short in galactic terms.
Co-author Magda Guglielmo from the University of Sydney said: "These results dramatically change our understanding of the Milky Way.
"We always thought about our Galaxy as an inactive galaxy, with a not so bright centre.
"These new results instead open the possibility of a complete reinterpretation of its evolution and nature.
"The flare event that occurred three million years ago was so powerful that it had consequences on the surrounding of our Galaxy.
"We are the witness to the awakening of the sleeping beauty."
The research was led by by Professor Joss Bland-Hawthorn from Australia's ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D).
During the study, data was gathered by the Hubble Space Telescope and used to calculate when and how the explosion took place.
It will soon be published in The Astrophysical Journal.
What is a black hole? The key facts
Here's what you need to know...
What is a black hole?
A black hole is a region of space where absolutely nothing can escape
That's because they have extremely strong gravitational effects, which means once something goes into a black hole, it can't come back out
They get their name because even light can't escape once it's been sucked in – which is why a black hole is completely dark
What is an event horizon?
There has to be a point at which you're so close to a black hole you can't escape
Otherwise literally everything in the universe would have been sucked into one
The point at which you can no longer escape from a black hole's gravitational pull is called the event horizon
The event horizon varies between different black holes, depending on their mass and size
What is a singularity?
The gravitational singularity is the very centre of a black hole
It's a one-dimensional point that contains an incredibly large mass in an infinitely small space
At the singularity, space-time curves infinitely and the gravitational pull is infinitely strong
Conventional laws of physics stop applying at this point
How are black holes created?
Most black holes are made when a supergiant star dies
This happens when stars run out of fuel – like hydrogen – to burn, causing the star to collapse
When this happens, gravity pulls the centre of the star inwards quickly, and collapses into a tiny ball
It expands and contracts until one final collapse, causing part of the star to collapse inward thanks to gravity, and the rest of the star to explode outwards
The remaining central ball is extremely dense, and if it's especially dense, you get a black hole
Researchers have found evidence of a cataclysmic flare that punched outward in both directions from our galaxy’s center, reaching so far into intergalactic space that its impact was felt 200,000 light-years away.
Artist’s concept of cone-shaped bursts of ionizing radiation, extending tens of thousands of light-years above and below our Milky Way galaxy’s disk. These bursts of radiation must have exploded from the center of our Milky Way. Their effect is seen today as elevated H-alpha emission along a section of the Magellanic Stream.
Image via James Josephides/ASTRO 3D.
Remember the vast and mysterious Fermi bubbles, apparent remnants of a titanic explosion close to the supermassive black hole in the center of our Milky Way galaxy? They were widely discussed around the year 2010, noticeable in X-ray and gamma ray data from the ROSAT and Fermisatellites. Astronomers said today (October 6, 2019) that they’ve uncovered more evidence relating the Fermi bubbles – gathered using Hubble Space Telescope data – in the form of two enormous bursts of ionizing radiation that must have zipped through the poles of our galaxy and out into deep space. One burst must have been powerful enough to reach 200,000 light-years into space, so that its impact struck the Magellanic Stream, a long trail of gas extending from the nearby Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, dwarf galaxies orbiting our Milky Way.
Milky Way Galaxy today as seen from Earth (stock image).
All of this activity from our Milky Way’s center – the explosion and its aftermath – apparently occurred just 3.5 million years ago when, on Earth, the asteroid that triggered the extinction of the dinosaurs was already 63 million years in the past, and humanity’s ancient ancestors, the australopithecines, were roaming in Africa.
They estimate that the blast lasted for perhaps 300,000 years, a long time in human terms, but an exceedingly short time as measured on the scale of galaxies.
Artist’s concept of the Fermi bubbles. Hints of their edges were first observed in X-rays (blue) by ROSAT, which operated in the 1990s. The gamma rays associated with these vast bubbles – mapped by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (magenta) – extend much farther from the galaxy’s plane.
Image via NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.
The astronomers who recently discovered the flare event – impacting the Magellanic Stream – said they noticed it because:
… some Stream clouds towards both galactic poles are highly ionized by a source capable of producing ionization energies up to at least 50 eV [electronvolts].
And these researchers associate this ionization with the blast that created the Fermi bubbles.
These new findings come from a team of scientists led by astronomer Joss Bland-Hawthorn from Australia’s ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D). They are soon to be published in the peer-reviewedAstrophysical Journal.
About 10% of all galaxies are known to have flares of this kind, which are called Seyfert flares. Our galaxy isn’t generally considered a Seyfert galaxy, or a particularly active galaxy at all. But the Milky Way is known to have a 4-million-solar-mass black hole at its heart, called Sagittarius A*, or Sgr A* (pronounced Sagittarius A-star). Even earlier this year, Sgr A* was caught having an unusually large meal of gas and dust.
So astronomers are learning that the Milky Way, too, can sometimes have a burst of activity, although it’s minor in contrast to true active galaxies.
The explosion 3.5 million years ago was too huge to have been triggered by anything other than nuclear activity associated with Sgr A*, said the team who studied it. Bland-Hawthorn commented:
The flare must have been a bit like a lighthouse beam. Imagine darkness, and then someone switches on a lighthouse beacon for a brief period of time.
This is a dramatic event that happened a few million years ago in the Milky Way’s history. A massive blast of energy and radiation came right out of the galactic center and into the surrounding material. This shows that the center of the Milky Way is a much more dynamic place than we had previously thought. It is lucky we’re not residing there!
A schematic diagram showing the ionizing radiation field over the south galactic hemisphere of the Milky Way, disrupted by the Seyfert flare event.
Image via Bland-Hawthorne, et al./ASTRO 3D.
Bottom line: Researchers have found evidence of a cataclysmic flare that punched outward in both directions from our galaxy’s center, reaching so far into intergalactic space that its impact was felt 200,000 light-years away. They associate this new discovery with the Fermi bubbles, apparent remnants of a titanic explosion close to the supermassive black hole in the center of our Milky Way galaxy, some 3.5 million years ago.
Oxford Lecturer: Aliens Are Breeding With Humans to Save Mankind From Climate Change Catastrophe (Video)
Oxford Lecturer: Aliens Are Breeding With Humans to Save Mankind From Climate Change Catastrophe (Video)
It was interesting that while I was researching my next video about Greta Thunberg potentially being a small grey alien I noticed this article from April 26th, 2019 in the UK DailyMail about a Korean instructor from Oxford University saying that aliens are interbreeding with humans all in the name of preserving life on Earth from the catalytic consequences of climate change. He originally presented this lecture in 2012. I refer his discussion on climate change to the recent speech made by another small grey alien named Greta who see’s Earth’s demise in the next ten plus years. This is further proof of the mainstream media pushing the fear factor of global climate crisis and using The Alien Agenda to further push this fall narrative.
I want to share this comment with you as I gave it a thumbs up in the comment section on dailymail.co.uk From reader Arthur Frayn_Vortex_United Kingdom: ‘This is part of an intense controlled media propaganda campaign, otherwise it wouldn’t be disseminated in the controlled media. The Elite want to turn the masses into perfect slaves, engineering people for docility. They will take the fight out of us by C.astration, turning us into “Gender Neutral” child like people. How to get the masses to accept the unacceptable? Portray it as evolving with the help of fictional higher beings. This is why the Aliens they’ve convinced the masses are real through Sci-Fi, the so called Grey pictured here in the “News” media, are always portrayed as Gender Neutral human figures. A consistent message. Gender will be portrayed as the cause of conflict, two sides make a conflict they’ll say, and this leads to war and all discord. Only “Neutrality” they’ll claim will bring “Balance”. It won’t be optional, it’ll be forced on us. They’ll claim the Alien Threat will destroy us otherwise. Of course the Elite and their minions will remain undomesticated.’ Now I see why they are trying to show us (subliminally) that Greta is a ‘neutral gender’ Little Grey Alien. See you on my next video. Mark @GlobalAgenda
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The Elites Human Slavery Experiment, Artificial Intelligence and the Endgame via Nick Redfern
The Elites Human Slavery Experiment, Artificial Intelligence and the Endgame via Nick Redfern
I had the honor and priviledge to be able to sit down with Nick Redfern and interview him in person for the second time! This was a 2 part discussion starting off with big brother, propaganda, artificial intelligence and mind control. We end with part 2 connecting the dots of the first part with the UFOs, and the Artificial Alien Threat.
PART 1 Elite Bloodlines Illuminati New World Order Orchestrated Events Big Brother the Orwellian Society Surveillance through Social Media Propaganda through Television and Mainstream Media Mind Control and Dumbing Down the Masses GMOs in Food and Pharmaceutical Drugs as a Weapon for the Elite Black Budget Operations and Programs Artificial Intelligence Virtual Reality Technology is great but can easily be abused Post 9/11 World DARPA and Microchip Implants Low Frequency Weapon Georgia Guide Stones Depopulation Agendas
PART 2 CONNECTING THE DOTS WITH PART 1 Ronald Reagans Alien Threat Speech Project Bluebeam and the Fake Alien Threat Advanced Holographic Technologies Bob Lazar, Area 51, and Alien Technologies Black Triangle UFO’s Fabricated Events The Orchestration of the Second Coming of Christ Are Governments of the World working alongside ET’s Project Serpo and Eisenhower Disinformation Dulce Underground Wars Phil Schneider Are ET’s traveling here? Are they already here possibly underground or hollow earth? Underground Top Secret Facilities Underground Submersive Objects
I found this disk shaped craft in a SOHO/NASA photo today. Its dated Oct 6th, so its one of the newest out. This UFO is huge, moon size and has a raised upper and lower center hump on it, much like the classic disks seen in the 1950s. UFOs near the sun appear daily, yes I said that right. I would estimate that hundreds of UFOs if not more appear near our sun daily. The real question is why? Only two possible answers:
1: They are gathering some energy or rare energy substances.
2: They are using the center of the sun for their planets and a mini solar system. Much like a Dyson sphere.
Dark Ring UFO Seen Over Neighborhood In Colombia, Oct 2019, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Dark Ring UFO Seen Over Neighborhood In Colombia, Oct 2019, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Oct 4, 2019 Location of sighting: Cienaga, Colombia This woman noticed a dark ring UFO moving slowly through the clouds above her. She grabbed this quick video which shows the object moving in and out of the clouds. This is not the first time a UFO ring report has come in. On September, 1957, Private Stone was stationed at Fort Belvoir, Virginia. He was assigned to the Post Engineers. It was about 9 AM while he was working inside buildings in the Post Engineer section, when someone yelled to him and others to come outside to see the odd thing coming over head towards their area. Stone and five or six others ran out and spotted an odd, black ring, moving slowly, high above the tree tops but below the broken cloud cover. The ring seems solid enough, not a smoke ring and Private Stone guessed the size of the ring to be about 60 feet in diameter, with the ring width about five or 6 feet. (This was a guess, possibly incorrect.) Private Stone remembered his Kodak Brownie camera which was in his car. He ran over to the car, which was parked nearby, grabbed the camera and took six pictures in fairly rapid sequence. After the second picture was taken, the strange ring started to develop a mist around itself. The mist thickened rapidly until it was more like a small cloud and within 30 to 60 seconds the Black ring was completely enveloped within a small compact cloud of its own. Scott C. Waring-Taiwan
Baffling footage of a circular object in the sky above New York City has been likened to the Death Star from Star Wars by stunned conspiracy theorists.
The video begins with the view of the famous skyline of the city in New York, US.
A bright light then comes into shot above the buildings, as cameraman Mauricio Lopez voices his thoughts.
"I've got something in the sky, a blinking red light," he says.
"I believe in UFOs and I think I've got one right now."
A strange object seen above New York City has been likened to the Death Star
When he zooms in, the object appears to have terrain on its surface – shown by the dark and light colours.
It also seems to have a black line striking through it, sparking the viewer to claim: "This is not a star, either."
The object appears to then change colour from white to red and at one point even seems to vanish from view before reappearing.
Mauricio posted the footage to YouTube on September 25 with the caption: "UFO over New York City".
It has since gone viral after being picked up by renowned UFO channel Mavi 77.
"It looks like the Death Star out of Star Wars," one viewer wrote.
The Death Star refers to the moon-sized space station built by the Empire in Star Wars: A New Hope, Star Wars: Revenge of the Sith and Rogue One: A Star Wars Story.
In the popular franchise, it was able to destroy an entire planet with its laser beam.
The 'UFO' even seemed to change colour(Image: YOUTUBE/MAURICIO LOPEZ)
Another user suggested it was "another planet", which a third agreed with.
"It is just an out of focus star, Venus perhaps," they added.
The footage comes after a series of snake-like UFOs were filmed across the US in recent months.
Daily Star Online recently revealed how the mystery "craft" appeared to have returned to the location of its first sighting above the Mojave Desert.
Aliens or US Marines? Strange lights off the Outer Banks spark UFO debate
Aliens or US Marines? Strange lights off the Outer Banks spark UFO debate
A fleet of lights recorded off North Carolina’s Outer Banks has started a debate about whether the lights are UFOs or part of a mysterious military exercise.
WILLIAM GUY/YOUTUBE SCREENGRAB
By MARK PRICE | The Charlotte Observer
(Tribune News Service) — A fleet of lights recorded off North Carolina’s Outer Banks has ignited a debate about whether they are UFOs or just part of a mysterious military exercise.
William Guy posted a 31-second video Sept. 28 on YouTube, showing what appears to be 14 glowing orbs over the water. He refers to it as a “real UFO sighting.”
“Anybody tell me what that is?” Guy says in the video. “We’re in the middle of the ocean, on a ferry, nothing around. Look. Nothing around. No land, no nothing.”
Guy told the McClatchy news group he’s from Indiana and is among the workers sent to repair damage on Ocracoke Island caused by intense flooding during Hurricane Dorian.
The video was filmed aboard a ferry crossing the Pamlico Sound from Ocracoke Island to Swan Quarter on the mainland, he said. The lights appeared for at least a minute and a half, he posted on YouTube.
Pamlico Sound is not part of the Atlantic Ocean, but a large body of water that separates the Outer Banks from mainland North Carolina.
The incident happened Sept. 18, reports UFOS sighting LPKZ 2019, one of many UFO sites and tabloids covering Guy’s story.
“The footage has left the conspiracy world in shock,” the British tabloid Daily Star says.
“Prepare to be amazed,” LADbible wrote of the video.
Commenters on YouTube are divided as to whether the lights are UFOs or just flares used by the military. The latter is plausible, given the proximity of the Outer Banks to multiple military facilities, including Camp Lejeune and Fort Bragg in Eastern North Carolina.
“I know what those lights are,” posted Derrick Chennault on YouTube. “As a former Marine based at the 2nd Marine Air Wing in Cherry Point, N.C. ... we used to regularly drop flares out of the back of our plane in the evenings for military exercises... Glad to see the Marines are still spooking people.”
Guy doesn’t appear to be completely convinced of that explanation.
“A lot of people I have talked to here on the island said it was flares, but they also said they have never seen anything like what I captured,” he wrote on YouTube.
North Carolina is considered one of the most active places in the country for UFO reports, including an incident in November when a fisherman filmed two sets of lights floating off Cape Lookout National Seashore.
National Park Service officials at Cape Lookout told the Charlotte Observer they were not sure what the lights were, but labeled them “peculiar.”
Pilot Who Chased UFO Reveals A Lot More Of The Story
Pilot Who Chased UFO Reveals A Lot More Of The Story
JAZZ SHAW
By this time you may already be familiar with Cmdr. David Fravor (US Navy, retired) as the fighter pilot who engaged what’s come to be known as the white Tic-Tac UFO back in 2004, leading to one of the remarkable videos released by the Pentagon over the past couple of years. He’s given a number of interviews to various mainstream news outlets recently, talking about his remarkable experience. But yesterday he showed up on the Joe Rogan show for a nearly two-hour discussion and it turned into a serious deep dive. I’ll embed the full video of the interview below, but first I wanted to cover a few of the highlights. (The entire show is worth your time, however, even if you’re already familiar with the story. Fravor goes into a lot of details we hadn’t heard before.)
Also on the show was filmmaker Jeremy Corbell, who recently released a movie about Bob Lazar. (Ugh.) He briefly derails the conversation a couple of times talking about Lazar and some Ancient Aliens type stuff, but also adds in several good details about the recent revelations.
Sometimes when people go on Rogan’s show it turns out to be something of a disaster. Just ask Elon Musk or Tom DeLonge. Joe has a way of dragging them down various rabbit holes or getting them to engage in antics that wind up being embarrassing. That didn’t happen with Fravor, who maintained an air of cool professionalism throughout. (Well, there’s one possible exception I’ll get to in a moment.) But here are some of the highlights.
One detail he revealed early in the interview while describing the Tic-Tac encounter was that his F/A-18F Super Hornet was not equipped with any live missiles. Dummy loads were installed because they were scheduled to go on a training mission. This would have presumably left him with nothing more than his 20 mm rotary cannon if things had gotten tense with the unidentified craft.
Another fascinating detail he included was that during multiple encounters with the Tic-Tacs on both coasts, pilots were able to determine that the objects were actively blocking their radar systems, making it impossible to get a lock on them. And we’re talking about one of the newest, best radar systems in the world. This is interesting because it at least implies an actively engaged, intelligent force controlling the Tic-Tacs. (Whether that’s local or remote, biological or AI-driven we don’t know.)
Fravor additionally revealed that government and military investigations into these incidents are far from over. He has personally been summoned to Washington multiple times this year for private, confidential meetings with “high ranking government officials.” (He wasn’t authorized to be any more specific than that.)
One potentially disturbing story Fravor tells at the 49-minute mark in the interview (in case you want to skip ahead) deals with his “sense of humor” and some antics he and the other pilots get up to on occasion. This story involves them basically making their planes appear like a UFO in the night sky when they see people camping in remote areas.
Fravor: We used to fly night vision goggles in Hornets a lot. And with night vision goggles you can see a campfire from like fifty miles away. We used to do it, the good spots were down in like El Centro California. There’s some bombing ranges and people go camping in the Superstition Mountains… so we would go out at night flying around on goggles. You’d see a campfire and go, “Oh. UFO time.”
And then you get the airplane going around 600 knots and then you pull the power back to idle so you can’t hear it. Then you get zinging toward the fire and you turn the lights all down because we’re in a restricted area so you can do that. There’s lights on it you can only see if you’re on vision goggles. So the other airplanes can see us, but no one else can see us. Then you go zinging at it and right when you get to the campfire you pull the airplane into vertical and stroke the afterburners, let ’em light off, you count to three and then you just go away. Instant UFO reporting.
Sadly, Fravor may have just wiped out half of the UFO reports made to MUFON by people camping in Southern California over the years. Still, I don’t doubt the story a bit. I knew plenty of pilots during my years serving on an aircraft carrier and they tended to have rather “sick” senses of humor, as Fravor describes it.
Anyway, those were some of the highlights that stuck out for me. Here’s the video. As I said, it’s rather long, but definitely worth the time if you have any interest in this subject at all.
NASA HEEFT BELANGSTELLING VOOR DIMENSIEPORTALEN ( VIDEO )
NASA HEEFT BELANGSTELLING VOOR DIMENSIEPORTALEN ( VIDEO )
Ze zien er dikwijls uit als dreigende onweersluchten, donkere wolken met heen en weer schietende bliksemflitsen.
Vaak ontbreekt het donderen van een echte onweersbui en schieten ufo’s in en uit de wolk.
Wat dit fenomeen precies is weet eigenlijk niemand. Wij noemen ze dimensieportalen omdat het lijkt alsof ufo’s dit soort vreemde wolkenformaties gebruiken als portalen van de ene naar de andere dimensie.
We schrijven al heel lang over dit soort verschijnselen, waarover later meer, maar eerst een waarneming van dit jaar die plaatsvond boven Thailand.
Een bizarre rood-achtige wolk vol met bliksemschichten waar eveneens een aantal ufo’s zichtbaar zijn zoals te zien op de volgende afbeeldingen.
De opname is gemaakt door de 53-jarige Engelse toerist Darren Blakeley die het gebeuren omschreef als iets uit de serie The Avengers.
Het voorval vond plaats in Laguna, Phuket, en voorbijgangers stonden met open mond te gapen naar het vreemde verschijnsel in de lucht.
Weer hetzelfde verschijnsel zoals we dat al vaker hebben omschreven: een verder helemaal heldere lucht met een vreemde wolk, vol met bliksemschichten en ufo’s die in- en uitvliegen.
Enkele jaren geleden bracht ook Secureteam een video met daarin opnames die veel lijken op een dergelijk dimensieportaal.
Volgens een artikel op Mysterious Universe heeft zich ook iets dergelijks voor gedaan nabij de Spaanse stad Alicante en heeft zelfs NASA belangstelling getoond voor die bepaalde opname. Ook daar een onweerswolk vol met bliksemschichten en een ufo die tevoorschijn komt.
Hierbij de originele video opname uit Alicante en wie zelf de ufo niet ziet die tevoorschijn komt, kan hier kijken.
Voor de volledigheid hierna nog een aantal vergelijkbare voorbeelden uit eerdere artikelen. Tot nu toe heeft niemand nog een andere verklaring kunnen geven, dus voorlopig blijven het wat ons betreft dimensieportalen.
De opname is gemaakt bij de Zárate-Brazo Largo brug die aan de rand van de Argentijnse stad Buenos Aires ligt.
Al jaren schrijven wij nu over vreemde wolken die niet thuis horen in een bepaald landschap. Onderstaand een dergelijke wolk. Wat ook iedere keer weer kenmerkend is, zijn de bliksemflitsen in de wolk. Alsof je een grote onweerswolk hebt, maar dat eigenlijk niet is.
In de korte video zie je diverse UFO’s ronddartelen waarvan er een aantal met enorme snelheid verdwijnen in de wolk.
Na ongeveer zes seconden zie je er zo één linksboven in beeld verschijnen zoals ook te zien is op de volgende afbeelding.
En wanneer zo’n UFO de wolk in vliegt, ontstaat er op diezelfde plek een bliksemschicht. Wanneer je goed kijkt, dan zie je dat diverse keren gebeuren in die korte video.
De volgende opname is uniek, omdat het ook een bevestiging is van wat verschillende getuigen hebben gezien en van eerder gemaakte en vergelijkbare beelden.
Hierna een voorbeeld van hetzelfde fenomeen door de ogen van een getuige en eveneens een bijzondere opname uit Mexico.
Als eerste een getuigenis van een dame die wij ontvingen in november 2014:
"Het is dinsdagavond 7 oktober en om 20.30 stap ik op de fiets vanuit Lytse Geast,(een dorpje een kleine tien kilometer ten zuid-oosten van Leeuwarden).
Mijn weg voert door de weilanden over een afgelegen pad en als het even kan zorg ik er voor dat ik niet in mijn eentje in het donker nog op pad ben. Vandaag ben ik al te laat en de laatste schemering gaat al over in duister.
Ik ben nog maar net buiten, of het begint te regenen en hard te waaien. Schuin voor me zie ik een paar flitsen, en het rommelt in de verte, precies tussen mij en Leeuwarden, waar ik naar op weg ben. Onweer dus, ook dat nog.
Voor me is een brede, langgerekte, vrij laag hangende wolk. Dat is waar ik de hemel op zie lichten. Er komen witte bollen uit de wolk. Twee gaan naar links en twee gaan naar rechts. De afstand van de ene bol tot de andere blijft steeds gelijk, alsof ze met een touwtje aan elkaar vast zitten. Ze bewegen langzaam.
Ik weet niet, wat het is, dat ik zie... zijn dit vliegtuigen? van de basis? En waarom zijn die geïnteresseerd in een onweerswolk? Ja, het zijn vast vliegtuigen. Het licht pulseert ook, zoals bij een vliegtuig. Flits aan, flits uit. Ja maar, bij een vliegtuig zie je dan altijd ook een rood licht aan en uit flitsen. dat is hier niet. Alleen wit. Melkwit.
De twee bollen rechts zijn verdwenen, die van links zijn opeens weer terug boven de wolk. Verbeeld ik me nu dat ze sneller pulseren dan zo net? Nee, dat verbeeld ik me niet. Het lijken wel sterren en het licht is niet meer zozeer wit, als wel koud. Zoals bij sterretjes voor kleine kinderen. Het zijn nu dus geen witte bollen meer, maar steeds sneller aan- en uit flitsende 'sterren'.
Dan zijn ze weg. Een paar minuten is er niks meer te zien en dan opeens zijn er wel twintig. Allemaal onder, boven, naast of uit de wolk. En allemaal flitsen ze aan en uit, nu in een heel hoog tempo. In een ijzig wit licht dat zo fel is dat het mij verblindt. Je zou zeggen dat ze er plezier aan beleven, zoals ze om en door de wolk heen duiken. Er in, er uit, om de wolk heen, achter elkaar aan... Net zo plotseling als ze verschenen zijn ze nu weer weg.
En komen niet meer terug. En ik ben bijna bij de eerste huizen van de stad. Het regent niet meer en de wind gaat ook liggen. Hoe lang dit al met al geduurd heeft? Twintig minuten à hooguit een half uur. Ik kan me niet voorstellen, dat er niet meer mensen geweest zijn die dit gezien hebben. Er was echt een hele lichtshow in de lucht.
Wat me achteraf ook nog wel frappeert, is dat er eigenlijk alleen die ene enorm grote wolk was, verder was er vrijwel geen bewolking.
Triangle UFO Filmed by Florida Cop! Hit With Cruiser Spotlight!
Triangle UFO Filmed by Florida Cop! Hit With Cruiser Spotlight!
One in a million recording of what is most likely a military TR3B antigravity craft flying silently over a neighborhood at treetop level in Clearwater florida! Cop sees a trianglar craft and shines his spotlight on it! It’s recorded on his cruiser video system. He records it on his cell phone before it’s deleted. You can see this craft is completely black and quite large and is moving very slowly over the neighborhood.
Here’s the police officer’s statement posted on a blog.
“i am a law enforcment officer for a police agency in florida. while i was dispatched to a call 10/4/19 at 117 am in regards to suspicious person, upon arrival i noticed a completely back triangular shape craft with no lights about 40 feet above the ground traveling about 35 mph in a southerly direction. the craft had no sound. as the craft came into the line of sight of my cruiser it passed behind some trees and i saw a clearing of trees ahead and it was going in that direction. i shined my spotlight and illuminated part of the craft as it passed between the trees. the craft continued on and i had arrived on the scene of a call so i could not follow. later after finishing the call i reviewed the dash cam video of the time i arrived and saw the object. the video cameras record constantly and are save temporarily to a cache. unless selected they are dumped and not saved to hard drive. after reviewing the video i could see the incident and part of the craft as it passed between the trees on film. i recorded the playback on my phone from the in-car camera of the cruiser. the upper left corner is a retangular blur which had my personal identification number and i removed it for anonimity.”
This TR-3B or whatever this thing was do not fly around in the daytime where people can see them. The chances of it being seen in the middle of the night are very small. This cop was very lucky to be at the right place at the right time to get this on video. No doubt about it, there is a black object flying over this neighborhood and it’s not an airplane or helicopter that’s for sure.
Two people in my own family saw something very similar back about 1984. This object flew directly over our house at dusk on the outskirts of Anchorage Alaska. Unfortunately I was away at college or would have seen it too! It was reported in the Anchorage newspaper the next day. My family members said it was black, triangular and as big as a 747 jet but flew over our house without a sound and at only about 40 miles per hour.
Jericho - The First City on Earth? Ancient History Documentary
Jericho - The First City on Earth? Ancient History Documentary
Jericho – The First City on Earth? // Ancient History Documentary
Sponsored by MagellanTV – a new streaming service with 2,000+ documentaries worth watching. MagellanTV has extended an exclusive offer to History Time’s viewers.
Jericho is a Palestinian city in the West Bank. It is located in the Jordan Valley, with the Jordan River to the east and Jerusalem to the west. It is the administrative seat of the Jericho Governorate, and is governed by the Palestinian National Authority. In 2007, it had a population of 18,346.
White UFO Disk Seen Over Pennsylvania On Oct 5, 2019, UFO Sighting News.
White UFO Disk Seen Over Pennsylvania On Oct 5, 2019, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Oct 5, 2019 Location of sighting: Huntingdon Valley, Pennsylvania, USA Source: MUFON #103815 Here are some interesting photos of a glowing white UFO over Huntingdon Valley yesterday. The photos shows a white glowing disk in the sky during sunset. The white craft really displays its round disk shape well. As I have said before, sunset is one of the hottest times to catch a UFO. This UFO has a indent at its upper center which may actually be a hump, or cockpit area for the alien pilot. These photos are incredible. Amazing evidence that aliens are visiting Pennsylvania. Scott C. Waring
Eyewitness states:
Around 6:14pm I was sitting on a bench at Lorimer Park with my camera and I looked up at the moon. I noticed something near the moon that looked like a plane reflecting light off of the sun. The sun wasn't set yet and the sky was clear. It seemed too early for any stars to be out. I kept my eye on it and it was getting further away from the moon even though it appeared stationary. The moon was rising but it was getting further away horizontally. I kept my eye on it on and off while driving home and eventually it disappeared. The stars are out now and it's not there. I wanted to rule out it being a UFO but when I got home I checked MUFON and I saw that two other people in the area submitted reports on a very similar object earlier in the day.
Alien Ship Seen Over California National Park! Photos! UFO Sighting News .
Alien Ship Seen Over California National Park! Photos! UFO Sighting News .
Date of sighting: June 27, 2018 but reported today.
Location of sighting: Yosemite National Park, California, USA
Source: MUFON #10326
Eyewitness states: I was on vacation with my family at Yosemite National Park in June of 2018, some pictures I take with my cell phone, and most of another pictures with my Nikon camera with wide lens. two weeks ago my wife ask me to print some pictures to frame, and I found I little dark spot on the right corner of the picture.
This eyewitness was taking some selfies at a national park in California and accidentally caught a silver metallic UFO disk in the back ground! He didn't see it till he got home and took close look at the photos, where he discovered the strange craft in the background. The disk is more visible in black and white, which makes it focus well. This is absolutely 100% proof that an alien base is hidden in the mountains of Yosemite National Park and the US government knows it and made it a wildlife reserve on purpose to keep people from knowing.
Strange ring-shaped anomaly appears out of nowhere in sky over Ciénaga, Magdalena, Colombia
Strange ring-shaped anomaly appears out of nowhere in sky over Ciénaga, Magdalena, Colombia
On October 4, 2019 an unnatural looking rectangular shape can be seen in the sky over Ciénaga, Magdalena in Colombia when out of nowhere a strange black ring-shaped anomaly appears and slowly moves away from the rectangular shape.
Could it be a cloaked circular UFO coming out of the rectangular shape or is it just a natural sky phenomenon?
Here is a great website that allows you to send messages to aliens using radio signals. You can click there, type a message, press send and its done! Free! Its a fun way to send messages into space. The radio signals travel at the speed of light forever. Long after you and I are gone, those signals will continue traveling every second across the universe and beyond. Think about it. Millions of alien species out there all possible recipients of your words, your thoughts, your beliefs. No, I don't get paid by them for this. I just think a lot of people out there are looking for something like this. I hope this helps you.
Clouds drift over the dome-covered seismometer, known as SEIS, belonging to NASA's InSight lander, on Mars. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech › Full image and caption
Put an ear to the ground on Mars and you'll be rewarded with a symphony of sounds. Granted, you'll need superhuman hearing, but NASA's InSight lander comes equipped with a very special "ear."
The spacecraft's exquisitely sensitive seismometer, called the Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure (SEIS), can pick up vibrations as subtle as a breeze. The instrument was provided by the French space agency, Centre National d'Études Spatiales (CNES), and its partners.
SEIS was designed to listen for marsquakes. Scientists want to study how the seismic waves of these quakes move through the planet's interior, revealing the deep inner structure of Mars for the first time.
But after the seismometer was set down by InSight's robotic arm, Mars seemed shy. It didn't produce its first rumbling until this past April, and this first quake turned out to be an odd duck. It had a surprisingly high-frequency seismic signal compared to what the science team has heard since then. Out of more than 100 events detected to date, about 21 are strongly considered to be quakes. The remainder could be quakes as well, but the science team hasn't ruled out other causes.
Quakes
Put on headphones to listen to two of the more representative quakes SEIS has detected. These occurred on May 22, 2019 (the 173rd Martian day, or sol, of the mission) and July 25, 2019 (Sol 235). Far below the human range of hearing, these sonifications from SEIS had to be speeded up and slightly processed to be audible through headphones. Both were recorded by the "very broad band sensors" on SEIS, which are more sensitive at lower frequencies than its short period sensors.
The Sol 173 quake is about a magnitude 3.7; the Sol 235 quake is about a magnitude 3.3.
Each quake is a subtle rumble. The Sol 235 quake becomes particularly bass-heavy toward the end of the event. Both suggest that the Martian crust is like a mix of the Earth's crust and the Moon's. Cracks in Earth's crust seal over time as water fills them with new minerals. This enables sound waves to continue uninterrupted as they pass through old fractures. Drier crusts like the Moon's remain fractured after impacts, scattering sound waves for tens of minutes rather than allowing them to travel in a straight line. Mars, with its cratered surface, is slightly more Moon-like, with seismic waves ringing for a minute or so, whereas quakes on Earth can come and go in seconds.
Mechanical Sounds and Wind Gusts
SEIS has no trouble identifying quiet quakes, but its sensitive ear means scientists have lots of other noises to filter out. Over time, the team has learned to recognize the different sounds. And while some are trickier than others to spot, they all have made InSight's presence on Mars feel more real to those working with the spacecraft.
"It's been exciting, especially in the beginning, hearing the first vibrations from the lander," said Constantinos Charalambous, an InSight science team member at Imperial College London who works with the SP sensors. "You're imagining what's really happening on Mars as InSight sits on the open landscape."
Charalambous and Nobuaki Fuji of Institut de Physique du Globe de Parisprovided the audio samples for this story, including the one below, which is also best heard with headphones and captures the array of sounds they're hearing.
On March 6, 2019, a camera on InSight's robotic arm was scanning the surface in front of the lander. Each movement of the arm produces what to SEIS is a piercing noise.
Wind gusts can also create noise. The team is always on the hunt for quakes, but they've found the twilight hours are one of the best times to do so. During the day, sunlight warms the air and creates more wind interference than at night.
Evening is also when peculiar sounds that the InSight team has nicknamed "dinks and donks" become more prevalent. The team knows they're coming from delicate parts within the seismometer expanding and contracting against one another and thinks heat loss may be the factor, similar to how a car engine "ticks" after it's turned off and begins cooling.
You can hear a number of these dinks and donks in this next set of sounds, recorded just after sundown on July 16, 2019 (Sol 226). Listen carefully and you can also pick out an eerie whistling that the team thinks may be caused by interference in the seismometer's electronics.
What does it sound like to you? A hall full of grandfather clocks? A Martian jazz ensemble? Share your thoughts with us on Twitter.
About InSight
JPL manages InSight for NASA's Science Mission Directorate. InSight is part of NASA's Discovery Program, managed by the agency's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. Lockheed Martin Space in Denver built the InSight spacecraft, including its cruise stage and lander, and supports spacecraft operations for the mission.
A number of European partners, including France's Centre National d'Études Spatiales (CNES) and the German Aerospace Center (DLR), are supporting the InSight mission. CNES provided the Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure (SEIS) instrument to NASA, with the principal investigator at IPGP (Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris). Significant contributions for SEIS came from IPGP; the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS) in Germany; the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich) in Switzerland; Imperial College London and Oxford University in the United Kingdom; and JPL. DLR provided the Heat Flow and Physical Properties Package (HP3) instrument, with significant contributions from the Space Research Center (CBK) of the Polish Academy of Sciences and Astronika in Poland. Spain's Centro de Astrobiología (CAB) supplied the temperature and wind sensors.
News Media Contact
Andrew Good Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. 818-393-2433 andrew.c.good@jpl.nasa.gov
Alana Johnson NASA Headquarters, Washington 202-358-1501 alana.r.johnson@nasa.gov
A Gallery of Hidden Prehistoric Rock Art Points to Lost Indian Civilization
India is a land of many civilizations. Now it appears that another one has been uncovered in the west of the country. A team of explorers has discovered a number of petroglyph sites that belonged to an ancient society that was previously unknown. The discovery of the primitive art is allowing experts to study what seems to be a lost Indian civilization and to understand more about the subcontinent's very complex prehistoric past.
Primitive rock carvings in Western India
The petroglyphs or rock carvings are located in the hills of the Konkan region of Maharashtra, mainly in the districts of Ratnagiri and Rajapur. The rock art was created by removing or carving exposed stone. There are believed to be thousands of these rock carvings in the Konkan area, all presumably belonging to a lost Indian civilization. They are generally located near villages and some are familiar to locals and tourists but many more have now been discovered and not even local residents were aware of their existence.
The rock art was discovered by two explorers, Sudhir Risbood and Manoj Marathe who began a systematic survey of the area after finding some images. The duo has led teams on hikes across a vast area of the hilly region looking for rock art. The carvings were often buried beneath earth and mud, but others could still be seen. Those that were out in the open are considered holy by the local communities.
The team enlisted local students to help to identify carvings and to gather local tales on the images. The BBC reports that this provided the experts with "a lot of valuable information". Apart from identifying individual rock carvings the explorers are documenting and recording the petroglyphs. Risbood and Marathe have been tireless in their efforts to raise awareness of the carved figures. They are also actively lobbying the local government to support efforts to study and conserve the prehistoric works of art.
One of the most remarkable things about these images is that there are so many of them and that they are so diverse. There are carvings representing humans, animals, birds, and geometric shapes. It is hard to date the carvings, but it is estimated that some of the recent finds are the Neolithic period and possibly some of the oldest discovered.
The images allow experts to understand something of this forgotten Indian civilization. According to the Smithsonian, the director of the Maharashtra state archaeology department “suspects the original artists may have come from a hunter-gatherer society.” The lack of domesticated animals would show that they were not an agricultural society and therefore would be reliant on hunting and gathering. Some of the images are of sea creatures and indicate that the society was one that was also dependent on fishing. These carvings are reminiscent of others found on other continents.
Most of the older images are of animals that lived in this part of India in prehistoric times. While the images are of recognizable animals and humans, their meanings have not been deciphered. Another mystery is there are images of rhinos and hippos and these are not native to this part of India. Iflscience has reported that experts are baffled at “how exactly the artists were able to produce recognizable carvings of non-native species.” The rhino can be found elsewhere in India, the hippo is not native to the sub-continent.
To explain why representations of non-native animals were carved, several theories have been put forward. Some speculate that the people who made the images had recently migrated from Africa. Then there are those who argue that hippopotamuses once lived in the region. There are also suggestions that the rhinoceros was much more common in India in the prehistoric era than in historical times.
Sophisticated designs have been found, along with simple animal shapes. ( Ratnagiri Tourism )
What do the carvings tell us?
Risbood and Marathe have been successful in their efforts to secure more state support for their investigations of the rock art. The state government of Maharashtra has pledged funds for the study of several hundred of the rock carvings. It is expected that this will allow for more knowledge to be obtained about the rock carvings and the society that produced them. However, it is believed that the meanings of the glyphs will remain mysterious. While the origin and the ultimate fate of this lost Indian civilization will be even harder to establish.
Top image: Sophisticated rock carvings in Ratnagiri, India indicate a lost Indian civilization.
UFO Lobbyists Are Trying to Get the Truth From Congress, and They're Winning
UFO Lobbyists Are Trying to Get the Truth From Congress, and They're Winning
There's been an explosion of UFO lobbyists in DC—from Tom DeLonge to lawyers who demand that the president does a "Disclosure," in which he admits aliens live among us.
How do you make the government take UFOs seriously? With a UFO lobbyist, of course.
In December 2017, the New York Times wrote about a de-funded secret Pentagon UFO program called AATIP, and revealed that several Navy pilots in 2004 and 2015 engaged in bizarre encounters with anomalous aerial objects off the coast of California and Florida. Eventually, three videos of “unidentified aerial phenomena” were released and have since been confirmed by the Navy as real.
For years, Steven Bassett was Capitol Hill’s lone UFO lobbyist. He became a registered lobbyist in 1996 and set up an advocacy organization, the Paradigm Research Group (PRG), which has the goal of using “all means possible to confront the United States government regarding its policy of a truth embargo on the events and evidence demonstrating an extraterrestrial presence engaging the human race and the formal acknowledgement of that presence,” according to Bassett’s website.
“It's not about UFOs. The term is a product of government propaganda in service to the truth embargo and no longer of value,” Bassett told Motherboard. “It's about extraterrestrials and the Disclosure process.”
For those not fully immersed in Ufological culture, “Disclosure” is the total and final admission by the government that extraterrestrials are not only visiting Earth, but that there is a massive government cover-up to hide the truth from the public. The UFO community has even taken to Twitter to raise awareness of the Disclosure process for the 2020 election with the hashtag #askthequestion.
“A significant percentage of all people on Capitol Hill are convinced there is an ET presence. They are just not able to speak to it—publicly,” Bassett said.
Bassett’s PRG organization has recently hired Teresa Tindal, another registered lobbyist who is now also fighting for greater transparency about UFOs. Like Bassett, Tindal is convinced that extraterrestrials are visiting Earth and interacting with humans. She believes that the government is complicit in a massive cover-up.
“The cat’s out of the bag and politicians will be looking to control the issue,” Tindal told Motherboard. “It is, after all, the most powerful political initiative as it affects absolutely every aspect of life. Polls show most people believe in ET life.”
Bassett and Tindal are like the Mulders of the UFO political process, but there is always a Scully. Not everyone who pushes lawmakers to deal with the UFO issue in DC is convinced that aliens should be on the agenda.
“At no time do we or have we mentioned extraterrestrials. We are simply ensuring our government does not fall victim to ‘strategic surprise’ by the technology being displayed by [Unknown Aerial Phenomena],” Luis Elizondo, a former intelligence officer who was involved in the Pentagon’s UFO hunting Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program, told Motherboard. “Whether it be from Russia, China, allies, or little green men. Our efforts focus on the national security and technology aspect; not ET.”
Elizondo explained that he is not a registered lobbyist, nor does he consider himself to be a lobbyist of any sort.
"Our efforts in Washington are focused on facilitating the flow of information from where it resides to those individuals in key leadership positions in order that they can make a well informed decision. Whether it be one focused on national security, defense, science and technology, or diplomacy, ensuring our elected leaders and those assigned to key positions have the latest and most complete picture is something we believe is critically important," Elizondo said.
Elizondo currently works for former Blink-182 lead singer Tom DeLonge, and his company To the Stars Academy of Arts and Science. He also appeared on the History Channel’s newest UFO hunting show, Unidentified: Inside America’s UFO Investigation.
“We simply don't know at this point if non-human technology is even part of the equation,” Elizondo stated. “It is a nonsensical assertion at this point in time because we simply need more data to even make that initial assessment.”
Elizondo’s boss, To the Star’s founder Tom DeLonge, has made his personal beliefs clear on the issue. In his book, Sekret Machines: Gods, co-written with Peter Levenda, DeLonge sums it all up by arguing that humanity was visited by aliens in its distant past, and that all human culture is one big “cargo cult.”
While the official party line of the To the Stars’ political lobby may be devoid of the extraterrestrial narrative, Bassett doesn’t buy it.
“The ‘To the Stars Academy of Arts and Science’ team are operating under certain conditions laid down by those still inside who are providing cover. No classified content released. Non-disclosure agreements must be honored. Do not talk ‘extraterrestrial.’ Why? There are factions inside the [military industrial complex] opposed to the TTSA project and would stop it if they could. Therefore restraint is required—for now,” Basset told Motherboard.
TV personality and UFO researcher Chase Kloetzke also works in Washington as a lobbyist meeting with lawmakers about ‘the phenomenon.’ The issue all of the lobbyists face, Kloetzke explains, is that UFOs are considered sensitive information.
“This topic is now in the hands of the Pentagon, military strategists and intelligence agencies. It’s all classified. To be part of ANY discussion in DC about UAPs, you need a security clearance,” Kloetzke said in an email. According to Kloetzke, she has “spoken to senior staff for seven lawmakers and two Senators.” While she is unsure as to how much progress she has personally made, she is convinced that To the Stars is a key player in all this and that the Pentagon’s Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program is “still in play.”
“I realized years ago that any kind of Disclosure or Confirmation will only be ‘Official,’ if it comes from DC. I do this because of the evidence and facts that we can now present to start the process of public information,” Kloetzke said. “We have unknown objects in our skies. Confirmed! The question now, and the only questions right now are ‘What are these objects?’ and ‘Who are the pilots controlling them?’”
Photoshopped NASA Photos Give New Life to Outer-Space Imagery
Photoshopped NASA Photos Give New Life to Outer-Space Imagery
Wiseman
SEAL
Universal Kingdom
Space Face
Phoenix
Phantom
Magallanic Cloud
Dolphin
Black Body
Butterfly
Remember when you were a kid and you used to stare up into the clouds and pick out shapes and animals? Well Chris Keegan has taken that timeless exercise to whole new level by applying it to photos of space from NASA’s Chandra X-Ray Observatory.
Like a child lying on the grass, he ponders a photo for a while and as soon as something jumps out he takes the image into Photoshop and starts rearranging the celestial elements to reinforce what he's seen.
A London-based illustrator by day, Keegan says he was particularly interested in the way the photos allowed him to play with scale. He usually works with much smaller ideas and objects, so playing with something as big as the stars was liberating.
"In one picture you can see thousands of stars and the idea of having a person or a bird taking up that sort of size was quite unusual," he says.
Our favorites would have to be what looks like a quizzical gremlin (Wiseman) and the creature shooting stars out of its gullet (Seal). Let us know what you think in the comments.
The Building Blocks of Life May Have Come From Outer Space
The Building Blocks of Life May Have Come From Outer Space
The Building Blocks of Life May Have Come From Outer Space
“Something pretty mysterious had to give rise to the origin of the universe.” Richard Dawkins (Shutterstock)
By Ker Than
Smithsonian Magazine
Ever since the discovery of organic molecules in a meteorite that landed in Australia about half a century ago, scientists have been tantalized by the possibility that the building blocks of life originated in space. New research is shedding light on how such compounds might have formed and found their way to Earth.
Fred Ciesla, a planetary scientist at the University of Chicago, and Scott Sanford, a NASA astrophysicist, say our solar system was on the fast track to create life before Earth existed. The scientists made a computer model of the solar nebula—the disk of gas and dust from which the Sun and planets formed 4.6 billion years ago. The primordial debris included icy grains containing frozen water, ammonia and carbon dioxide, among other molecules.
Ciesla and Sanford simu- lated the movements of 5,000 ice grains over a million years in the turbulence of the solar nebula, which tossed them about like laundry in a dryer, lofting some “high enough [so] that they were being irradiated directly by the young Sun,” says Ciesla. High-energy ultraviolet radiation broke molecular bonds, creating highly reactive atoms that were prone to recombine and form more stable—and sometimes, more complex—compounds.
Ciesla and Sanford say this process could have generated organic molecules such as amino acids, amphiphiles and nucleobases—the building blocks of proteins, cell membranes and RNA and DNA, respectively.
Some of these organic molecules found their way to small rocky bodies—planetesimals—that littered the early solar system. Those, in turn, combined to form comets, asteroids and planets, including ours. Thus young Earth, Ciesla theorizes, was infused with organic molecules fabricated in space. Additional organic compounds, he suggests, could have formed later in Earth’s primordial soup or were delivered to our planet by comets and meteorites.
The odds of meteorites reaching Earth got a boost from Jupiter, say Rebecca Martin, a NASA Sagan Fellow from the University of Colorado, and astronomer Mario Livio of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore. When the solar system was forming, Jupiter’s gravity prevented nearby planetesimals from coalescing. The bodies smashed into one another, breaking into fragments that settled into an asteroid belt 158 million miles from Earth. If a young Jupiter had passed through the belt while settling into its orbit around the Sun, it would have scattered the asteroids; if its orbit had been too far from the belt, asteroids would have accumulated and constantly bombarded the Earth, rendering it lifeless. Instead, the asteroid belt provided just the right amount of asteroids to courier compounds to Earth without pounding it into oblivion.
Both studies point to the possibility of life on other planets. Ciesla says, “If the process that we describe did play a role in the formation of the organics that we see in meteorites, then we expect basically every solar system to contain” organics. However, only 4 percent of the known solar systems in our galaxy possess a Jupiter-type planet in the right place to create an asteroid belt like ours. “There could be more asteroid belts out there,” says Martin, “but we just can’t see them yet.”
As the number of newly discovered exoplanets – planets orbiting distant suns – continues to rise, so do unexpected surprises. Scientists say that giant exoplanet GJ 3512b shouldn’t even exist around its tiny star, but it does.
Artist’s concept of a Jupiter-like giant planet orbiting a red dwarf star.
Scientists have learned a lot in the past few decades about how planets form, but there is still much left to be figured out. Unexpected discoveries can sometimes make that more difficult, but also that much more interesting, of course. Now, another one of those discoveries has been made, an exoplanet 30 light-years away that – according to current theoretical models – shouldn’t exist, but does. An observatory in Spain discovered the planet, called GJ 3512b, and now researchers at the University of Bern in Switzerland are trying to solve the mystery.
This planet – GJ 3512b – was discovered by a Spanish-German research consortium called CARMENES using a telescope at Calar Alto Observatory in southern Spain. A major goal of CARMENES is to find planets orbiting the smallest stars, using an infrared spectrograph.
The puzzle here is that the planet is too big for its star, GJ 3512, according to the conventional understanding of modern-day astronomers. The star itself is a dwarf star, only about a tenth the mass of our sun. But this tiny star is orbited by a giant planet, half the mass of our solar system’s largest planet Jupiter. That shouldn’t be possible, scientists thought. As Christoph Mordasini, a professor at the University of Bern, explained:
Around such stars there should only be planets the size of the Earth or somewhat more massive super-Earths. GJ 3512b, however, is a giant planet with a mass about half as big as the one of Jupiter, and thus at least one order of magnitude more massive than the planets predicted by theoretical models for such small stars.
Mordasini continued:
Our model of the formation and evolution of planets predicts that around small stars a large number of small planets will be formed. Our model predicts that there should be no giant planets around such stars.
The exoplanet GJ 3512b was discovered by the CARMENES consortium with an instrument installed at the Calar Alto Observatory in southern Spain.
Mordasini is one of the leading experts in the theory of planet formation, and CARMENES reached out to him about their unusual discovery.
So how to explain this?
The current model of planet formation – core accretion – says that planets form “from the bottom up,” starting off small and gradually accreting material to grow larger. But maybe that’s not the case with GJ 3512b. Maybe it formed by gravitational collapse. According to Mordasini:
A part of the gas disk in which the planets are formed collapses directly under its own gravitational force. A top-down process.
But there are problems with that idea, he said:
Why hasn’t the planet continued to grow and migrate closer to the star in this case? You would expect both if the gas disk had enough mass to become unstable under its gravity. The planet GJ 3512b is therefore an important discovery that should improve our understanding of how planets form around such stars.
Christoph Mordasini of the Physics Institute at the University of Bern.
Giant exoplanets similar to Jupiter or Saturn have been discovered orbiting many stars now and are apparently common, at least in our own galaxy. Understanding how they form – around both larger and smaller stars – will help scientists better understand how planets form overall. The discovery of GJ 3512b shows, again, that we should also expect the unexpected, that the universe is full of surprises. When scientists find something that shouldn’t be able to exist – but does – that is an exciting moment in science.
Bottom line: Astronomers have discovered a giant exoplanet that current planet formation theory says shouldn’t be able to exist – but it does.
What lies behind ghosts, demons and aliens – according to sleep researchers
What lies behind ghosts, demons and aliens – according to sleep researchers
If you believe in the paranormal you might not be surprised if you hear stories of deceased loved ones appearing during the night, huge explosions heard just as someone is drifting off with no obvious cause, and other peculiar occurrences. But what if you don’t?
My interest in the paranormal started with an impromptu coffee with a colleague, Chris French, who researches reports of paranormal experiences. He told me stories of countless people who had recounted such events. These experiences tended to start while lying in bed. Then something unusual would happen – perhaps a demon would appear or the environment would seem strange or there would be a sensed presence. The person having this experience might also report being glued to their mattress, tarmacked into the bed, totally unable to move.
It’s unsurprising that people who experience such things might interpret them as paranormal. But certain phenomena such as sleep paralysis provide an alternative to paranormal explanations for such occurrences. Hence my interest in the subject, as a sleep researcher.
Sleep paralysis
When we sleep, we cycle through different stages. We start the night in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep – which gets progressively deeper. We then cycle back until we hit rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. During REM sleep we are most likely to have vivid dreams. At this stage we are also paralysed, perhaps as a safety mechanism to stop us acting out our dreams so that we don’t end up attempting to fly.
But during sleep paralysis, features of REM sleep continue into waking life. Those who experience it will feel awake yet might experience dream-like hallucinations and struggle to move. This experience is pretty common, occurring in around 8% of people (although estimates vary dramatically depending on who we are asking). It’s even possible to induce sleep paralysis in some people, by disrupting their sleep in specific ways.
Certain researchers, French among them, believe that this explains a huge number of paranormal accounts. Information about sleep paralysis is finally seeping into public awareness, but we now need to understand more about this common complaint.
Sleep paralysis aside, how else are sleep researchers helping to explain paranormal experiences? People sometimes describe experiencing huge explosions during the night which simply can’t be explained. There is no sign that a shelf has fallen down or a car has backfired. There is no one playing the electric guitar next to their head.
Again, this can be linked to our sleep – this time explained by “exploding head syndrome”, a term coined relatively recently by the neurologist JMS Pearce. When we fall asleep, the reticular formation of the brainstem (a part of our brain involved in consciousness) typically starts to inhibit our ability to move, see and hear things. When we experience a “bang” in our sleep this might be because of a delay in this process. Instead of the reticular formation shutting down the auditory neurons, they might fire at once.
As with sleep paralysis, this phenomenon is also under-researched. For this very reason, in 2017 my colleagues and I joined forces with BBC Focus and Brian Sharpless, a leading expert on this phenomenon, to collect data on this topic.
Imps and ghouls
Finally, what might scientists make of precognitive dreams? We might dream of a friend we haven’t seen for years only to have them call us the very next day. French thinks science can provide an explanation for this too. Referencing work by John Allen Paulos that focuses on probabilities, he explains how such an occurrence may be surprising on any single day, but over time, quite likely to occur.
Researching my book, I spoke to Mrs Sinclair, who is 70, and lives alone. She told me about what she had thought was a ghost living in her house, an imp throttling her during the night and other things that had left her petrified. Having scientific explanations provided her with immense comfort and she no longer believes in paranormal explanations for the things that she experienced.
Our hope is that scientific explanations of paranormal experiences might help others by lowering anxiety. Decreasing anxiety has also been hypothesised as a potential method by which to reduce sleep paralysis. So, perhaps providing more information about these unusual experiences might even mean that things are less likely to go bump in the night.
Something from Saturn photographed by Cassini spacecraft appears in Earth's atmosphere?
Something from Saturn photographed by Cassini spacecraft appears in Earth's atmosphere?
The Cassini–Huygens space-research mission launched aboard a Titan IVB/Centaur on October 15, 1997.
It was active in space for nearly 20 years, with 13 years spent orbiting Saturn and studying the planet and its system after entering orbit on July 1, 2004. The voyage to Saturn included flybys of Venus (April 1998 and July 1999), Earth (August 1999), the asteroid 2685 Masursky, and Jupiter (December 2000). The mission ended on September 15, 2017, when Cassini's trajectory took it into Saturn's upper atmosphere and it burned up.
After studying a great portion of its photographs Galactic Hurricane noticed strange anomalies that he couldn't really defy according to our laws of physics.
Strange spheres seemed to literally stretch within the rings of Saturn. Some did follow the spacecraft and seemed to signal to the Cassini craft. Did we make contact with some kind of lifeform that has yet to be named?
But the strangest thing happened that on September 25, 2019 when Mauricio Lopez filmed exactly the same object above New York what Galactic Hurricane saw on the Cassini's pictures.
That to me made it clear that something from Saturn could be around or maybe within our Earth's atmosphere?
Aliens being "Made, Hatched, Cloned, and Manufactured" by some rogue element within our Government
Aliens being "Made, Hatched, Cloned, and Manufactured" by some rogue element within our Government
Former CIA Agent and Alien Hunter Derrel Sims talks about his lifelong quest for the truth with the alien presence on Earth and their nefarious agendas!
He hunts these extraterrestrials and collects evidence, data, witness testimonies and fights to expose the true intentions behind these sinister beings with their human experiments.
Derrel explains how these aliens are “Made, Hatched, Cloned, and Manufactured” by some rogue element within our government.
He states that the aliens don’t have a planet, their “DNA comes from here”. Then he explained how all aliens are genetically modified. He goes on to connect the dots with the extraterrestrial presence of today with that of the ancient past.
He also gave his take with Zecharia Sitchin, the Anunnaki, Fallen Angels, and the Sumerian Civilization.
A few talking points in the interview:
His time with the CIA His first Encounter with Aliens Why he hunts Aliens Transgenics Chimeras and the tampering of DNA Alien Hybrids Different types of alien races Cloned and Manufactured Aliens Greys Reptilians, Nordics, 7 Foot Preying Mantis beings Alien Abductions Alien Experiments on the Human Race His research and evidence with Alien Abductions The agenda behind Alien Abductions The Alien Agenda
Although the statements made by Derrel Sims are very controversial, there is some truth in his explanations that correspond to the statements made by the late Phill Schneider.
Phill Schneider once said that at the Dulce underground secret Base under Mt. Archuleta, Dulce, New Mexico not only "gray" humanoid extraterrestrials worked side by side with American technicians but also humans and aliens work together on horrific bio genetic experiments, human alien hybrid breeding programs, atomic manipulation, cloning, studies of the human aura, advanced mind control applications, animal/human crossbreeding, visual and audio human chip implantation and abduction (See our article: The largest reptilian and grey base in America).
According to Schneider, the Secret Government cloned humans by a process perfected in the world's largest and most advanced biogenetic research facility in Los Alamos too.
NASA’s Juno mission to Jupiter has now successfully executed a 10.5-hour propulsive maneuver. It’ll keep Juno – a solar-powered spacecraft – out of a mission-ending shadow due to have been cast by Jupiter onto the craft in November.
View larger. | In this animated gif, you’re riding on the Juno spacecraft – now in orbit around Jupiter – as it approaches Jupiter. An orbit adjustment this week has ensured the solar-powered spacecraft won’t end its mission in Jupiter’s shadow on November 3. Here, you can see Jupiter’s rings and auroras. The distant sun is depicted as the yellow dot rising up just to the left of the planet.
Since its launch in 2011, the Juno mission to Jupiter has been the little spacecraft that could, thanks to the persistence of its controllers. The craft – first to orbit Jupiter since the Galileo mission(1995-2003) – traveled nearly 2 billion miles to Jupiter and entered a highly elliptical, 53-day polar orbit around the planet on July 5, 2016. The craft was expected to enter a 14-day science orbit a few months later, but a suspected problem in Juno’s main engine nixed that idea. So Juno has remained in its 53-day orbit. It flies out a million miles from the giant planet on each circuit, then sweeps in to within 3,000 miles (5,000 km) from Jupiter’s cloudtops, all the while doing science and advancing our knowledge about our solar system’s largest planet. Then, more recently, space engineers realized that – during the solar-powered spacecraft’s next close flyby of the planet on November 3, 2019 – Juno would be flying through Jupiter’s shadow for some 12 hours. That would have been long enough to drain the spacecraft’s batteries and end the mission! But now a successful propulsive maneuver has saved the day. Its controllers confirm it will now stay out of the shadow … and survive to continue doing science.
Space engineers at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, began executing the maneuver on September 30, 2019, at 7:46 p.m. EDT (23:46 UTC) and completed it early on October 1. In all, the maneuver lasted 10.5 hours, an extraordinarily long time by Juno mission standards. NASA said in a statement:
Using the spacecraft’s reaction-control thrusters, the propulsive maneuver lasted five times longer than any previous use of that system. It changed Juno’s orbital velocity by 126 mph (203 kph) and consumed about 160 pounds (73 kilograms) of fuel. Without this maneuver, Juno would have spent 12 hours in transit across Jupiter’s shadow – more than enough time to drain the spacecraft’s batteries. Without power, and with spacecraft temperatures plummeting, Juno would likely succumb to the cold and be unable to awaken upon exit.
Speaking of shadows, here’s the shadow of Jupiter’s moon Io, falling on Jupiter’s cloudtops, as captured by the Juno spacecraft on September 11, 2019. Citizen scientist Kevin M. Gill created this enhanced-color image using data from the spacecraft’s JunoCam imager. Read more about this image.
Scott Bolton of the Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio is Juno’s principal investigator. He said:
With the success of this burn, we are on track to jump the shadow on November 3.
Jumping over the shadow was an amazingly creative solution to what seemed like a fatal geometry. Eclipses are generally not friends of solar-powered spacecraft. Now instead of worrying about freezing to death, I am looking forward to the next science discovery that Jupiter has in store for Juno.
Pre-launch mission planning did not anticipate a lengthy eclipse that would plunge our solar-powered spacecraft into darkness. That we could plan and execute the necessary maneuver while operating in Jupiter’s orbit is a testament to the ingenuity and skill of our team, along with the extraordinary capability and versatility of our spacecraft.
Thus – despite its initial difficulties and this most recent potential heart-stopper – Juno will survive to continue its mission and its contributions to science.
Not your typical view of Jupiter, is it? Juno took the 4 images used to produce this color-enhanced view on May 29, 2019, as the spacecraft performed its 20th science pass of Jupiter. At the time the images were taken, the spacecraft was between 11,600 miles (18,600 kilometers) and 5,400 miles (8,600 kilometers) above Jupiter’s cloud tops, above a northern latitude spanning from about 59 to 34 degrees.Citizen scientist Kevin M. Gill created this image using data from the spacecraft’s JunoCam imager. Read more about this image.
Bottom line:On September 30 to October 1, 2019, NASA’s Juno mission to Jupiter successfully executed a 10.5-hour propulsive maneuver designed to enable the spacecraft to avoid Jupiter’s shadow on November 3. Without the maneuver, the craft would have spent some 12 hours in the shadow, draining its solar-powered batteries and perhaps ending its mission.
Five Ancient Petroglyphs and Cave Paintings that depict ‘Ancient Aliens’
Five Ancient Petroglyphs and Cave Paintings that depict ‘Ancient Aliens’
Thousands of years ago, ancient people around the globe created a number of petroglyphs and cave paintings. Why ancient man depicted strange beings with 5 or 6 fingers, helmets, sandals, and what appear to be space suits is a mystery no one has been able to answer.
Millions of people around the world firmly believe we have been visited by extraterrestrial beings for millennia.
But if such highly advanced beings visited us in the distant past… how did ancient cultures react 2000-3000 years ago? Did ancient man freak out when ‘highly advanced’ spaceships landed on our planet? Or did ancient cultures glorify the visitors, referring to them as gods? Strangely, many ancient civilizations like the Ancient Chinese, Maya, Aztec and Inca, speak of visitors that came from the heavens bringing great knowledge to mankind.
But even before ancient civilizations recorded their legends and spoke of gods that came down to Earth, people were recording what today is interpreted as ‘alien visitations’.
If we take a look at cave art and petroglyphs around the globe, we will notice that in all corners of the planet, ancient man drew on rock all sorts of important events, and in nearly all petroglyphs found to date, there are representations of mysterious and strange beings that do not resemble human beings.
However, what is even more fascinating is that even though these petroglyphs are found scattered across the entire planet, the depictions of the mysterious creatures are eerily similar. This has lead many to believe that ancient mankind that carved and painted the mystery beings must have seen them at one point in history.
Let us go ahead and take a look at some of the most amazing depictions of ancient aliens discovered to date!
1. The Wandjina cave paintings
The Wandjina cave paintings are one of our favorite cave paintings discovered to date. There are a number of interesting details about the cave art found in Kimberley, Australia, in 1838. First of all the age of the cave paintings has become a subject of debate among numerous researchers. Some even suggest that the mystery art called the Wandjina could be well over 100,000 years old (yes you read right).
Among the numerous pieces of ‘ancient Picasso art’ ancient people depicted beings that measure up to six meters in height.
Locals refer to the mystery beings as the “wandjinas”. These mysterious beings are said to have brought civilization and prosperity to the people, and like many other ancient cultures around the globe indicate, the enigmatic “wandjinas” also came from the sky. Even more impressive is the fact that numerous ancient cultures around the globe have in their destroy a serpent or dragon. Strangely, the “wandjina’s” symbol was a feathered serpent. Quetzalcoatl anyone?
But even more fascinating are other depiction of the Wandjina, who are depicted as strange humanoid figures without mouths, with huge black eyes and pale white faces that are surrounded by strange halos.These mysterious paintings have received all kinds of interpretation: strange representation of human beings, gigantic owls, down to the theory of Ancient Astronauts, as beings who visited Earth in the distant past.
2. 10,000-year-old cave paintings in India depict ancient aliens
Another fascinating discovery of what could be interpreted as ancient aliens can be found in India where researchers discovered a number of strange pieces of ancient art resembling what many have interpreted as otherworldly beings and disc-shaped objects.
According to Indian experts, it’s as if people, 10.000 years ago made these paintings while looking at science fiction movies.
The set of curious ancient art is located inside caves located near the town of Charama in the Kanker district.
One archaeologist from India firmly believes that this art clearly reflects that 10,000 years ago, people knew we were not alone in the universe.
Archaeologist JR Bhagat made some very interesting comments while speaking about the enigmatic cave art: „The paintings are done in natural colors that have hardly faded despite the years. The strangely carved figures are seen holding weapon-like objects and do not have clear features. Especially, the nose and mouth are missing. In few pictures, they are even shown wearing space suits.“
3. Tassili n’Ajjer: Proof of Ancient Astronauts?
It seems that there is plenty of evidence of ancient alien visitations.
In addition to the above-mentioned cave paintings, ancient art found in Tassili n’Ajjer seems to illustrate mysterious creatures with helmets gloves and strange suits.
Today, experts have managed to catalogue around 5,000 cave paintings in the region. Regrettably, around 20% of them remain visible today, since most of them were destroyed by erosion.
The age of the cave art is believed to be around 10,000 to 15,000 years old. Among the sheer number of rock art found, ancient man drew giraffes, ostriches, elephants, oxen, alligators and even hippos; demonstrating that the Sahara region was full of life in the distant past. However, the most incredible feature are the mysterious depictions of strange beings with helmets and suits, which according to a number of researchers resemble modern-day astronauts.
Why would the ancient inhabitants of Tassili n’Ajjer depict the humanoid figures with helmet-like objects and spacesuits unless they did not seem them? Is it possible, as ancient astronaut theorists suggest, that the natives of the Tassili Caves depicted the ancient astronaut that visited them in the past 10,000 years ago? According to many researchers, it is a possibility.
4. The Toro Muerto Petroglyphs
Another set of intriguing pieces of ancient art depicting strange beings can be found in Peru at the mysterious Petroglyphs of Toro Muerto, which according to many depict strange humanoid figures that do not resemble human beings.
The petroglyphs cover an area of several kilometers in length. Toro Muerto, which translated, means Dead Bull was named because of the herds of livestock that commonly died because of dehydration in the area.
Among the countless carvings at Toro Muerto, there are interesting depictions of what appear to be, shepherds, hunters, and semi-realistic figures, zoomorphic figures like jaguars, condors, camels, and fish. The ancients also depicted sunflowers and trees without branches, geometric symbols, zig-zags, square, diamond shapes and some inscriptions, intaglios, and bizarre writings all over an area of approximately four kilometers.
The most intriguing depictions at Toro Muerto are those of beings that do not share much resemblance to normal human beings. Even more fascinating is the fact that some of the petroglyphs of Toro Muerto bear a freakish resemblance to petroglyphs found in Australia where ancient man also depicted mysterious beings with ‘halos’ around their heads. The beings depicted at Toro Muerto were carved with a number of strange characteristics, like antennas on top of their heads.
5. The Petroglyphs at Karahunj, Armenia’s Stonehenge
This ancient site located in modern-day Armenia is fascinating for a number of reasons. First of all, many researchers claim that the site itself predates both Stonehenge in England and the Pyramids of Giza.
This ancient complex occupies over 7 hectares and offers its visitors a number of strange carvings created by early civilizations that inhabited the region thousands of years ago.
Among the numerous carvings, ancient man depicted what appeared to be strange beings with elongated heads and almond-shaped eyes, eerily similar to ‘modern-day’ representations of Grey Aliens.
Featured image: Kimberley – Raft Point paintings – Wandjin by Ian Cochrane via Flickr (CC BY 2.0)
AFPVijf jaar geleden landde de Marsrover Curiosity op de Rode Planeet.
WETENSCHAPLeven op Mars? Daar zijn we niet klaar voor, beweert topwetenschapper van NASA, Jim Green. De missie naar de Rode Planeet volgend jaar in juli zal de meest geavanceerde ooit zijn, weet Green. Volgens hem staan we echt wel dicht bij de ontdekking van buitenaards leven op Mars, dat op zo’n 225 miljoen kilometer van de Aarde ligt.
Maar Green vreest dat de mensheid de aankondiging van leven op Mars niet zal aankunnen. “Het zal revolutionair zijn”, vertelt hij aan de Britse krant The Telegraph over een nakende aankondiging van NASA over aliens. “Het zal zijn zoals met de woorden van Copernicus: ‘Nee, wij draaien rond de zon’. Revolutionair. Het zal het begin zijn van een hele nieuwe manier van denken. Ik denk niet dat we voorbereid zijn op de bevindingen. Nee, dat zijn we niet.”
Volgend jaar in juli stuurt NASA een nieuwe robot naar de Rode Planeet om er diepere boringen dan ooit in de bodem uit te voeren, op zoek naar sporen van levende organismen. De ‘Mars 2020’-rover zal in februari 2021 landen bij de Jezero-krater. Wetenschappers gaan ervan uit dat de oppervlakte van Mars radioactief is en dat eventueel leven daarom waarschijnlijk ondergronds moet worden gezocht. “Het principe is: waar water is, is leven”, zegt Green. Ook op onze planeet Aarde vonden onderzoekers meer leven diep in de aardkorst dan erboven.
EPAJim Green staat hier in het midden.
De Europese Ruimtevaartorganisatie zet in 2021 de robot ExoMars in, die ook naar aliens zal speuren met boringen in de Marsbodem. De twee missies zijn de beste kans ooit voor de mensheid om buitenaards leven te vinden. Jim Green verwacht dat minstens een van beide Marsrovers succesvol zal zijn in hun zoektocht naar bewijs van water en dat de ontdekking van leven op een andere planeet zich al binnen enkele jaren zal aandienen.
Maar dat zal verregaande gevolgen hebben, waar de Aarde niet klaar voor is, vreest hij. “Een hele nieuwe reeks wetenschappelijke vragen zullen zich opdringen”, aldus Green. “Is dat leven zoals het onze? Hoe zijn we met elkaar verbonden? Kan dat leven van de ene planeet naar de andere gaan?”
Bekijk ook: Vliegt Elon Musk ons binnenkort naar Mars?
AFPDe eerste landing op Ryugu gebeurde in februari. Toen werden stalen van het oppervlak alleen verzameld.
WETENSCHAPHet onbemande Japanse ruimtevaartuig Hayabusa-2 heeft een kleine capsule uitgestuurd om over het oppervlak van de asteroïde Ryugu te zweven, bevestigt het Japanse ruimtevaartbureau Jaxa. Aan boord bevindt zich een rover van zo’n 15 centimeter breed.
De Minerva-II2 capsule werd op ongeveer een kilometer van het oppervlak van Ryugu, de asteroïde die zich tussen de aarde en mars bevindt, ingezet. Ze zal de komende vijf dagen acht omwentelingen maken rond Ryugu en de rover vervolgens op het oppervlak neerlaten, stelt Jaxa.
Met de Hayabusa-2 missie wil het ruimtevaartbureau meer te weten komen over de oorsprong van het leven en het zonnestelsel. De Hayabusa-2 verzamelde eerder al stalen van onder het oppervlak van een asteroïde, wat nog nooit eerder gedaan werd.
Het ruimtetuig werd in december 2014 gelanceerd van het Tanegashima-ruimtevaartcentrum in Zuid-Japan, en wordt eind 2020 terug op aarde verwacht met stalen, meldt het bureau.
De eerste landing op Ryugu gebeurde in februari. Toen werden stalen van het oppervlak alleen verzameld.
There are a lot of space rocks out there and we know very little about them. Most of them remain completely unknown to us, others get discovered only when they get too close to our planet. This is the case of asteroid 2019 SP3 which is flying over our heads today, October 3.
The celestial body is roughly the size of a building, between 15 and 33 meters (49 to 108 feet) in diameter. SP3’s orbit is taking it slightly closer than the Moon is to Earth, roughly 370,000 kilometers (230,000 miles) from the planet surface, according to NASA’s data.
While this is certainly a “close approach” in cosmic terms, there’s nothing to worry about. The rock will continue in its orbit around the Sun undisturbed. It moves with a speed of 8.53 kilometers (5.3 miles) per second and does a full orbit in 1,416 days, almost four years.
While this object specifically poses no threat to us, it is a reminder of the potential risk we face from the heavens. The asteroid was only discovered on September 22. Other asteroids have discovered just hours before they flew by, and others have just hit us.
To get an idea of what would happen if 2019 SP3 were to hit our planet we can look to the Chelyabinsk event that occurred in 2013 when a meteor roughly the same size exploded over the Russian town. The asteroid burned up in the atmosphere creating a bright flash of light and releasing enough energy that a sonic boom shattered windows for 518 square kilometers (200 square miles), with over 7,200 damaged buildings and a collapsed factory roof. Over 1,600 non-direct injuries occurred, mainly due to flying glass.
Orbit of the planets and 2019 SP3. Position are exactly one year from now, for clarity.
NASA
There are roughly 20,000 known near-Earth Asteroids divided into four families depending on their orbital parameters. About 10 percent of these are considered Potentially Hazardous Asteroids, or PHAs. Space agencies such as NASA and ESA are keeping an eye on the all and observatories and amateurs worldwide often serendipitously spot new ones.
The agencies also run “Asteroid Impact Simulation” exercises to plan and prepare for an asteroid impact. They win some, and lose some. The last one held earlier this year saw New York accidentally destroyed to save its projected target of Denver, highlighting the challenges we are likely to witness both before, during, and after the event if such a threat was discovered.
Atlantis Discovered in the Bermuda Triangle: The Sunken City Features Giant Pyramids and Sphinx
Atlantis Discovered in the Bermuda Triangle: The Sunken City Features Giant Pyramids and Sphinx
Two scientists, Paul Weinzweig and Pauline Zalitzki, working off the coast of Cuba and using a robot submersible, have confirmed that a gigantic city exists at the bottom of the ocean.
The site of the ancient city — that includes several sphinxes and at least four giant pyramids plus other structures — amazingly sits within the boundries of the fabled Bermuda Triangle.
According to a report by Arclein of Terra Forming Terra, Cuban Subsea Pyramid Complex, the evidence points to the city being simultaneously inundated with rising waters and the land sinking into the sea. This correlates exactly with the Atlantis legend.
The disaster may have occurred at the end of the last Ice Age. As the Arctic icecap catastrophically melted it caused sea levels to rise quickly around the world, especially affecting the Northern Hemisphere. Coast lines changed; land was lost; islands (even island continents) disappeared.
At the end of last Ice Age sea levels were nearly 400 feet lower than present day levels. Once the waters began to rise, they rose swiftly. Conceivably, no technology then, or now, could have saved Atlantis from its watery grave. The evidence that land in what’s now the Caribbean also sank into the sea concurrently seems pretty certain.
Arclein observes:
“At the time uplifted portions of the Mid Atlantic Ridge subsided also including Lyonese and the home islands and land mass around the Azores. Even if that had not happened, this subsidence was amply large enough.
“This would have produced an orthogonal pressure forcing subsidence to either East or West. Since the ridge between Cuba and Yucatan is the natural point of weakness between the Gulf subsidence basin and the Caribbean subsidence basin, it naturally subsided deeply. The driver for all this was the hydrostatic changes brought about by both the original crustal shift of 12,900 years ago that I have called the Pleistocene Nonconformity and the slow uplift of the Hudson Bay Basin brought about by the ending of the Ice Age.”
Cuban missile crisis stops research
According to journalist Luis Mariano Fernandez, the city was first discovered decades ago, but all access to it was stopped during and after the Cuban Missile Crisis.
“The U.S. government discovered the alleged place during the Cuban missile crisis in the sixties, Nuclear submarines cruising in the Gulf (in deep sea) met pyramid structures. They immediately shut down the site and took control of him and the objects, in order that it will not come to Russians hands.”
The science team of deep ocean experts, archaeologists and oceanographers found ruins of ancient buildings 600 feet below the ocean. They say the city is Atlantis.
Evidence that the island of Cuba is the vestige of a once mighty culture is supported by Zalitzki’s discovery on the island of extremely ancient symbols and pictograms identical to those seen on the underwater structures.Pyramids and sphinxes bigger than Egypt’s Incredibly the ancient city also has magnificent sphinxes and “stones that arranged like Stonehenge, and a written language engraved on the stones,” reports Fernandez.Using exploration submersibles, they discovered amazingly huge pyramid structures similar to (but larger than) the pyramids in Giza, Egypt. They estimate the Atlantis pyramids are constructed with stones weighing many hundreds of tons.!
Fernandez writes, “It has confirmed that the stones were cut, carved and polished to make them fit together and thus form larger structures. On the strange inscriptions, some of them similar to Egyptian hieroglyphics, very little is known, except that they are very abundant and found in almost all parts of the field. They have also appeared symbols and drawings whose meaning is unknown.”
The exploration of Atlantis, called Project Exploramar, is expanding to discover more of the mysteries of the mega-city.
Speaking with a scientist about the possibility that the ruins are indeed Atlantis, Fernandez reports the expert replied:
“…in the Yucatan cultures today is possible that what still remains of the aborigines of those places perhaps the Olmecs or some very primitive civilization of Yucatan, the northern part of Central America—originated according to them on an island that sank by a cataclysm. This island is called Atlanticú.”
That too fits the stories about the sudden demise of the wondrous Atlantis. Atlanticú is, of course, Atlantis. The aboriginal natives still call it that in their history.
“When we published the first news of this finding,” she said, “the University of Veracruz was interested in our work and we had recorded images of these structures on the seabed. Specifically, the Institute of Anthropology of the University excavations invited me. They were doing [studies] on parts and ruins of the Olmec civilization.During an interview about the exploration of the mega-city, Fernandez asked lead scientist Pauline Zalitzki about the civilization that built it.
“When they saw these submarine images [they] found similarities and parallels with the ruins found in these excavations that the Institute was undertaking.
“The Olmecs and other native peoples all have primary morphology marking the arrival of this continent. This mean coming from the direction of Cuba, and had to occur in a very large earthquake where their land sank.
Morphologies indicate that they belong to three families who were saved. One of these families came to the coast of Veracruz, which are supposedly the Olmec. Others came to Central America and traveled to the Pacific coast, and these families created the civilization of the Americas as we know it today, because they distributed all their knowledge.
When these anthropologists saw underwater images of this city, and saw some stone monoliths, some symbol, and inscriptions, they identified with Olmec motifs. They were very surprised.”
The Olmecs devolved from the survivor of Atlantis, a much superior culture destroyed aft the end of the Ice Age flooding. The world was reshaped and a super-civilization destroyed, remembered for millennia only in legend and a passing refernce by the philosopher Plato.
Another image of an Atlantean mega-structure
[Image: LMF]
But Atlantis was real, is real: scientists Paul Weinzweig and Pauline Zalitzki have found it.
The above work of art was once part of the old Maya city of Tikal, in Guatemala. It probably illustrates the demise of Atlantis. Since this does not fit the prevailing picture, a German archaeologist took it to Germany, where it was “accidentally” destroyed in the Second World War —
II. Updates about Cuba’s underwater megalithic research
“They (megalithic stones) are very unique structures. They really are not easy to understand and I do not have any easy explanation for them in a natural geological process.” – Manuel Iturralde-Vinent, Ph.D., Geologist, National Museum of Natural History, Havana, Cuba
Ocean engineer, Paulina Zelitsky, described their 2000 findings as follows:
Sky-watcher caught moving lunar surface anomalies that prove that there is alien activity on the Moon
Sky-watcher caught moving lunar surface anomalies that prove that there is alien activity on the Moon
On October 3, 2019, sky-watcher BruceSeesall while using his telescope he captured a series of unidentified bright spherical objects moving across the surface of the moon.
The Italian Astronomer Alberto Mayer discovered on April 29th 2007 a dark moving object on the moon by using his telescope. The object is moving over moon`s surface and changes the direction after a while!.
Below the live view of these anomalies that BruceSeesall believes could be constructed. The second live video shows the dark object captured by astronomer Alberto Mayer.
Despite space agencies deny that there is any form of activity on the moon's surface or underground both videos prove the opposite, there is indeed alien activity on the moon.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:Ruins, strange artifacts on other planets, moons, ed ( Fr, EN, NL )
U.S. Organization of Alien Hunters Claims to Have Obtained Exotic Material on UFOs
U.S. Organization of Alien Hunters Claims to Have Obtained Exotic Material on UFOs
Blink-182 guitarist and singer Tom DeLonge
An American organization of extraterrestrial hunters, led by Tom DeLonge, claims to have discovered exotic material that’s proof of UFOs. The former Blink-182 singer and guitarist co-founded the group To the Stars Academy of Arts & Science Inc. together with a former Defense Department official Christopher Mellon in 2017 to research space aliens.
Earlier in September, the U.S. Navy confirmed three gun-camera videos of F-18 released by the group in December 2017 showed unidentified aerial phenomena, a term the government prefer to use over UFOs.
Now, former Pentagon intelligence official Luis Elizondo, who is the group’s director of global security and special programs, brought another teaser in connection to the subject.
Elizondo revealed that they had found exotic material samples from UFOs. However, he refused to go into specifics at this point.
He explained that they have to allow the process to take its course and they don’t want to be presumptive either way. He said that they do not want to jump to any conclusions prematurely. He pointed out that the data is going to decide what something is not and what something is.
However, Elizondo also acknowledged that the material might come from a variety of sources. He added that their organization was seeking to conduct scientific analysis, such as molecular, chemical, and nuclear, with the most qualified and most respectable individuals and institutions.
Noted Astrophysicist Says The Evidence on UFOs Is Overwhelming
Noted Astrophysicist Says The Evidence on UFOs Is Overwhelming
This is another exciting interview we wanted to share with UFO enthusiasts who may have missed it. It talks about those three videos of UFOs captured by the military. As you may have read already, the Navy has finally confirmed that the videos are real and considered the objects in question “unidentified.”
Since that time, renowned astrophysicist Michio Kaku has been discussing the subject on several occasions, including during a conference in Spain, which caught the attention of the mainstream media. He’s since been doing various interviews where he provides more details on the subject. Recently, he was on Fox News with Tucker Carlson. He revealed that he had seen enough evidence at this point to draw some scientific conclusions.
Before you get into the video, we just wanted to highlight some points from this interview. First of all, Michio previously said that the onus was now on the government to prove that these UFOs were not extraterrestrial origin. However, Michio declared on the interview this weekend the videos to be “a gamechanger.” He explained that reviews of the videos and reports of the pilots had provided some complicated, testable science to work, including velocities and acceleration rates. Michio called the evidence “overwhelming.”
Having said all of that, however, Professor Michio appears to step back just a bit when Tucker throws him with the hard question twice. Tucker asks Michio if humans could have been built the craft based on what we know of physics. The first time, Michio responds by discussing millions of planets orbiting other stars and the interesting possibility that someone up there might be monitoring us.
The second time, he comes somewhat closer, but still won’t call it impossible that these machines are human-made. Michio said that he was still waiting for explanations from someone how humans can create a craft with no visible means of propulsion but can hover in place over the ocean and take off at Mach 5.
A mysterious object was observed on live footage of NASA from the International Space Station (ISS), prompting speculations that the triangular UFO may be a real American Space Force ship.
YouTube user MrMBB333 shared a bizarre video showing the UFO apparently flying in the ISS vicinity.
According to the user, this isn’t a reflection but an actual sizeable triangular object that reflects light itself.
They claimed that the UFO sped up prior to vanishing in the live feed. When the user zooms in the clip and brings it in slow motion, the light seems reflecting off it and appears glistening.
The exciting video instantly attracted the attention of UFO enthusiasts and other conspiracy theorists who have suggested the clip could reveal proof of the existence of the US Space Force.
US President Donald Trump proposed in August the establishment of US Space Command (SPACECOM), stressing that US military assets must get the freedom in space operation to detect and destroy missiles launched against the nation.
Professional astronomers and citizen scientists have been combing through a region of our galaxy where cosmic bubbles are being inflated by wind and radiation from young, massive stars. Hundreds to thousands of stars may emerge from each bubble, in time.
Yellow circles and ovals outline star-forming bubbles in this infrared image from NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope. This region – in the direction of our constellation Aquila the Eagle – is full of these bubbles, which are being blown by young stars. The bubbles are estimated to be 10 to 30 light-years across.
Multiple bubbles and bow shocks from young stars seen in this new infrared image from the Spitzer Space Telescope were recently identified as part of The Milky Way Project, a citizen science initiative on Zooniverse.org. The project enabled citizen scientists to look through images from Spitzer’s public data archive and identify as many of these sorts of cosmic bubbles as they could. More than 78,000 unique user accounts contributed, which enabled astronomers to publish a catalog of the bubble candidates that multiple citizen scientists had identified. The full Milky Way Project catalogs, which list a total of 2,600 bubbles and 599 bow shocks, are described in a paper published recently in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. This new infrared image from the Spitzer Space Telescope was made possible by this work; it enabled astronomers to know where to look. The image shows a cloud of gas and dust full of bubbles, which are inflated by wind and radiation from young, massive stars. Each bubble is filled with hundreds to thousands of stars, which form from dense clouds of gas and dust.
The bubbles are estimated to be 10 to 30 light-years across, based on what astronomers know about them and other cosmic bubbles. However, determining the exact sizes of individual bubbles can be difficult, because their distance from Earth is challenging to measure and objects appear smaller the farther away they are.
Flows of particles emitted by the stars, called stellar winds, as well as the pressure of the light the stars produce, can push the surrounding material outward, sometimes creating a distinct perimeter.
In an accompanying annotated image, yellow circles and ovals outline more than 30 bubbles.
This active region of star formation is located within the Milky Way galaxy, in the constellation Aquila (also known as the Eagle). Black veins running throughout the cloud are regions of especially dense cold dust and gas where even more new stars are likely to form.
Spitzer sees infrared light, which isn’t visible to the human eye. Many interstellar nebulas (clouds of gas and dust in space) like this one are best observed in infrared light because infrared wavelengths can pass through intervening layers of dust in the Milky Way galaxy. Visible light, however, tends to be blocked more by dust.
The colors in this image represent different wavelengths of infrared light. Blue represents a wavelength of light primarily emitted by stars; dust and organic molecules called hydrocarbons appear green, and warm dust that’s been heated by stars appears red.
Also visible are four bow shocks – red arcs of warm dust formed as winds from fast-moving stars push aside dust grains scattered sparsely through most of the nebula. The locations of the bow shocks are indicated by squares in the annotated image and shown close up in the accompanying detail images.
Bottom line: Citizen scientists identified a total of 2,600 bubbles and 599 bow shocks from young, hot stars. A new NASA Spitzer Space Telescope image shows one of these regions.
An American physicist claimed through a new study that aliens might be using asteroids that fly near Earth to spy on the planet. The scientist then called for new missions to visit the near-Earth objects (NEO) to find the alien observers.
In a new study published in The Astronomical Journal, physicist James Benford theorized that extraterrestrial beings might be using space probes or “lurkers” to study civilizations on other planets, such as Earth.
He noted that these probes may have been following the progression of Earth’s technology for decades or even centuries.
“A probe located nearby could bide its time while our civilization developed technology that could find it, and, once contacted, could undertake a conversation in real time,” Benford wrote in his paper.
“Meanwhile, it could have been routinely reporting back on our biosphere and civilization for long years,” he added.
According to Benford, one possible way aliens could spy on Earth without being detected is by using the NEOs, or the asteroids that fly close to Earth on a regular basis. These asteroids visit Earth’s neighborhood so frequently that the planet gets at least one flyby from a NEO every day.
As Benford explained, these kinds of asteroids serve as the ideal platforms for alien space probes.
“A recently discovered group of nearby co-orbital objects is an attractive location for extraterrestrial intelligence (ETI) to locate a probe to observe Earth while not being easily seen,” Benford wrote.
“These near-Earth objects provide an ideal way to watch our world from a secure natural object,” he added. “That provides resources an ET might need: materials, a firm anchor and concealment.”
Due to the possible presence of alien probes on asteroids, Benford called on space agencies as well as alien-focused organizations to take on a more proactive approach in finding extraterrestrial life. The physicist suggested using a combination of satellite data and asteroid missions to check on the alleged probes aboard the NEOs.
“We should move forthrightly toward observing them, both by observing them in the electromagnetic spectrum and planetary radar, as well as visiting them with probes,” he said.
Image of two different asteroids captured by NASA.Photo: NASA/JPL/JHUAPL
How the apocalypse will happen: Earth will be swallowed by neighbouring galaxy as it envelops the Milky Way in four billion years' time (IF we make it that far)
How the apocalypse will happen: Earth will be swallowed by neighbouring galaxy as it envelops the Milky Way in four billion years' time (IF we make it that far)
Scientists say the Andromeda galaxy has been eating others for billions of years
Our own Milky Way galaxy is on a collision course and could be destroyed
Images show the remnants of other galaxies inside the Andromeda nebula
The Milky Way will one day be cannibalised by the neighbouring Andromeda galaxy, which has been gobbling up smaller star systems for billions of years.
Scientists have mapped the Andromeda, which is twice the size of our own galaxy, the Milky Way, and found remnants of other galaxies floating inside it.
This means it has already gobbled up smaller galaxies over the last ten billion years, scientists have found after the theory that it would eventually devour the Earth was first devised 15 years ago.
They predict it will be four billion years before the Earth and surrounding planets are consumed by their giant neighbour.
The result of the collision could be catastrophic and destroy planets and stars in both galaxies if they smash together or get too close to one another.
However, there is some skepticism surrounding this disastrous event as it is unlikely to occur as stars in galaxies are spaced sufficiently sparsely that direct collisions between stars are rare.
Research by the Australian National University revealed traces of other cannibalised galaxies inside the Andromeda galaxy, which scientists say has been absorbing other stars and planet systems for billions of years
'The Milky Way is on a collision course with Andromeda in about four billion years,' said Dr Dougal Mackey, from the Australian National University.
'So knowing what kind of a monster our galaxy is up against is useful in finding out the Milky Way's ultimate fate.
'Andromeda has a much bigger and more complex stellar halo than the Milky Way, which indicates that it has cannibalised many more galaxies, possibly larger ones.'
However, Mackey told CNN that this event is unlikely to wreck havoc on our world.
'I think it's unlikely the Earth will be physically destroyed by the collision with Andromeda,' Mackey told CNN.
'It's not out of the question, but in general the stars in galaxies are spaced sufficiently sparsely that direct collisions between stars are rare.
' However, it's possible that the Sun could be thrown out of the merged Andromeda and Milky Way system by the collision, into intergalactic space, and/or a nearby close passage with another star could perturb the Earth's orbit such that the Earth can no longer support life.'
The Andromeda galaxy is about 10billion years old and has grown larger over that time by absorbing other, smaller, collections of stars and planets.
Our own galaxy is approximately 100,000 light years across.
And although the Andromeda had long been thought to be far larger – around 220,000 light years – research last year suggested the Andromeda may actually be a similar size.
Even if Earth doesn't smash into anything when the galaxies collide, it is predicted to be flung out of position and out of reach of the Sun's vital warmth, spelling disaster.
WHEN THE MILKY WAY AND ANDROMEDA COLLIDE: SIMULATION REVEALS THE FATE OF OUR GALAXY
It's widely accepted than in four to five billion years our Milky Way will collide with the nearby Andromeda galaxy - but what will happen when it does?
In a simulation revealed in 2015, scientists showed the intricate process that will take place, with the two central supermassive black holes merging into one.
And the newly formed super-galaxy, dubbed 'Milkomeda', will also ultimately spell disaster for Earth as our planet is flung out into interstellar space.
The simulation was created by a number of institutions led by the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (Icrar) in Western Australia. In the simulation it can be seen how the two galaxies will interact as they approach each other.
First, in a tentative meeting, they will 'swoop' past each other, possibly disrupting some of the orbits of stars in the arms of each spiral galaxy. Then, after separating, the two galaxies will accelerate towards each other again.
As Andromeda is larger than the Milky Way, with one trillion stars in the former compared to about 300 billion in the latter, it will technically be the one 'eating' our galaxy.
The Milky Way is also expected to 'eat' two nearby dwarf galaxies, the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, at some point in the future.
The Milky Way will inevitably collide with Andromeda galaxy in about four billion years' time, which will devastate the Earth
But Dr Mackey and his colleagues' research reveals the Andromeda, some 2.5million light years away from us, is no stranger to gobbling up other galaxies.
A galaxy named Triangulum has been found alongside stellar streams – the remains of smaller galaxies or star clusters – within the Andromeda nebula.
Tracing how these collections of stars and planets were absorbed into the Andromeda has given an insight into how the galaxies have merged together.
One confusing element, the team found, was that they appeared to have collided from different directions.
'This is very weird and suggests that the extragalactic meals are fed from what's known as the 'cosmic web' of matter that threads the universe,' said Professor Lewis from the University of Sydney.
'More surprising is the discovery that the direction of the ancient feeding is the same as the bizarre 'plane of satellites', an unexpected alignment of dwarf galaxies orbiting Andromeda.
'This deepens the mystery as the plane must be young, but it appears to be aligned with ancient feeding of dwarf galaxies.
'We're going to have to think quite hard to unravel what this is telling us.'
Scientists in Spain have discovered one of the oldest stars in the Milky Way
A newly discovered star is thought to be one of the oldest in the Milky Way.
Scientists at the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC) in Spain believe that it might have formed about 300 million years after the 'Big Bang'.
IAC researcher Jonay González Hernández said: 'Theory predicts that these stars could form just after, and using material from, the first supernovae, whose progenitors were the first massive stars in the Galaxy.'
Researchers hope the star, known as J0815+4729, which is in line with the Lynx constellation, will help them learn more about the Big Bang, the popular theory about the galaxy's evolution.
IAC director Rafael Rebolo said: 'Detecting lithium gives us crucial information related to Big Bang nucleosynthesis. We are working on a spectrograph of high resolution and wide spectral range in order to be able to measure (among other things) the detailed chemical composition of stars with unique properties such as J0815+4729.'
One for the X-Files? Mysterious ‘fireball’ that crashed in Chile is NOT meteor, scientists say (PHOTOS)
One for the X-Files? Mysterious ‘fireball’ that crashed in Chile is NOT meteor, scientists say (PHOTOS)
Mysterious “fireball”-like objects spotted blazing through the sky over Chile were not meteors, government scientists say, in a finding sure to enthuse UFO buffs the world over.
Residents of Dalcahue, a port city on the southern island of Chiloé, took to social media last week with reports of the unidentified flying objects, some sharing photos of the phenomenon. The “fireballs” reportedly crash-landed at a number of locations around the town.
Chile’s National Geology and Mining Service soon gathered scientists to investigate the strange bright objects, dispatching teams to some seven sites on Chiloé to take samples. In a statement issued over the weekend, the scientists concluded they “found no remains, vestiges or evidence of a meteorite” left behind by the “luminous and incandescent” objects.
Whatever the mystery entities were, they did leave some trace behind, however, burning foliage at a number of sites.
Sernageomin@Sernageomin
DALCAHUE! Tras el trabajo en terreno realizado el día de ayer por geólogos de la Of. Técnica de @Sernageomin en #PuertoVaras, el Servicio descarta preliminarmente caída de meteorito en Dalcahue. Revisa nota completa en https://bit.ly/2o8zpGJ
Locals interviewed by the geological teams said they heard no noises associated with the impacts, nor did anyone witness the crash-landings themselves.
The scientists said they would continue to analyze soil samples and release a more complete report in the coming weeks, according to local media. Until then, when it comes to space debris and extraterrestrial visits, skeptics and believers may be forced to duke out their competing theories in the comments section. The truth is still out there.
In de zomer van 1950 stelde wetenschapper Enrico Fermi zijn collega’s een eenvoudige vraag: waar is iedereen? Het antwoord laat echter nog steeds op zich wachten, want Fermi doelde op buitenaards leven.
Volgens Fermi moeten, gezien de 4,4 miljard jaar die ervoor nodig was om intelligent leven op aarde te ontwikkelen, intelligente en technologisch geavanceerde buitenaardse wezens tegen de plinten van het universum klotsen. Toch heeft tientallen jaren lang speuren in het melkwegstelsel ons geen spoor van buitenaardse universumbewoners opgeleverd.
Dit gegeven noemen we de Fermi Paradox.
Wetenschappers hebben er talloze mogelijke verklaringen voor – van een winterslaap tot het zich expres voor ons verborgen houden. Sommige onderzoekers suggereren zelfs dat zeer geavanceerde technologische beschavingen zichzelf vernietigen voor ze de kans krijgen om contact met ander intelligent leven in het universum te leggen.
In het boek “End Times” bespreekt auteur Bryan Walsh dertien theorieën die verklaren waarom we nog geen contact hebben gemaakt met aliens en waarom dat mogelijk nooit zal gebeuren. Lees hier hoe elke theorie het antwoord probeert te geven op de Fermi Paradox.
1. Vanaf het moment dat Fermi zijn beroemde vraag voor het eerst stelde, hebben we het universum afgezocht met de meest geavanceerde telescopen. Op zoek naar planeten die op de aarde lijken en waar leven mogelijk is.
Foto: Een illustratie van NASA’s Kepler-ruimtetelescoop.
Bron: NASA
De Kepler-ruimtetelescoop van NASA, die in 2009 het universum in werd geslingerd, ontdekte totdat hij in 2018 met pensioen ging meer dan tweeduizend exoplaneten (planeten buiten ons zonnestelsel). Nog eens 2.400 kandidaten wachten op NASA’s goedkeuring om officieel het predicaat exoplaneet te krijgen.
Meer dan vijftig van die planeten herbergen mogelijk leven. Dat wil zeggen dat ze zich binnen de bewoonbare zone van hun ster bevinden. Binnen die zone is het mogelijk dat er oppervlaktewater is. De aarde en Mars vallen binnen die zone van de zon.
In 2013 meldden astronomen dat, gebaseerd op data van de Kepler-telescoop, er zo’n 40 miljard planeten zouden zijn die in omvang op de aarde lijken en die allemaal binnen die gunstige zone van hun ster liggen.
Zelfs wanneer er op 0,001 procent van die planeten iets van leven zou zijn, dan nog zou dat betekenen dat er om en nabij de 40 miljoen planeten zijn met leven.
Een andere NASA-telescoop die in een baan om de aarde het universum afspeurt is de TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite). Onlangs ontdekte de TESS een planeet bij een ster in de Hydra-constellatie. Op die planeet zou zich water kunnen bevinden als hij een dikke atmosfeer heeft en van steen is.
2. Maar de kans dat onze telescopen toevallig op het juiste moment op precies dát deel van de ruimte gericht zijn om tekenen van buitenaardse beschaving te detecteren, is oneindig klein.
Foto: Een telescoop op de top van de Mauna Kea, de hoogste berg op Hawaii.
Bron: Caleb Jones/Associated Press
En dus richten wetenschappers van het SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) Instituut hun radiotelescopen op delen van de lucht om gegevens te verzamelen. De onderzoekers analyseren die informatie op zoek naar ongewone patronen die kunnen wijzen op een opzettelijk of toevallig bericht van een intelligente beschaving.
3. Het monitoringsysteem van SETI is ingesteld op de aanname dat aliens ons proberen te berichten te sturen, en dat we die alleen nog maar hoeven te ontvangen.
Foto: De radiotelescopen van SETI op zoek naar aliens.
Bron: Kathleen Franklin/Wikimedia Commons
Die inspanningen zijn tot op heden niet echt succesvol.
4. Astrofysicus Frank Drake stelde in 1961 een vergelijking op, de – jawel – Drake-vergelijking, waarmee een schatting gemaakt kan worden van het aantal technologisch geavanceerde beschavingen in de Melkweg.
Foto: Jenny Cheng/Business Insider
De vergelijking bestaat uit zeven variabelen die, wanneer ze met elkaar vermenigvuldigd worden, laten zien hoe groot de kans is dat de mensheid ooit van een intelligente buitenaardse beschaving zou kunnen horen (een beschaving die in staat is om radiosignalen uit te zenden die we op aarde kunnen opvangen).
Het probleem is alleen dat we de waarde van veel van die Drake-variabelen niet met zekerheid kunnen vaststellen. Wetenschappers hebben weliswaar een duidelijk beeld bij de eerste drie: de snelheid waarmee sterren zich vormen, het aantal sterren met planeten en het aantal planeten binnen de gunstige zone van een ster. Maar de rest is nog steeds een mysterie.
5. Het eerste en misschien wel het meest eenvoudige antwoord op Fermi’s vraag is dat de aarde de enige planeet is met intelligent leven.
Foto: Aarde.
Bron: Joshua Stevens/NASA Goddard Space Flight Center/Reuters
Astrofysicus Michael Hart richtte zich in een paper uit 1975 paper formeel op deze vraag. Hij stelde dat er genoeg tijd was geweest voor intelligent leven om de Melkweg te koloniseren in de 13,8 miljard jaar sinds de vorming ervan. Maar omdat niemand op aarde iets had gehoord, concludeerde Hart dat er geen andere geavanceerde beschavingen in onze melkwegstelsels zouden zijn.
Een recenter onderzoek van de Universiteit van Oxford suggereert dat de kans dat we de enigen zijn in ons sterrenstelsel twee op vijf is, en dat de kans dat we de enigen zijn in de hele kosmos één op drie.
Maar hoe meer astronomen te weten komen over de omstandigheden die leven mogelijk maken, hoe meer het erop begint te lijken dat levensvormen in onze kosmos mogelijk zijn. In elk geval meer dan dat eerst werd gedacht.
6. Een andere mogelijkheid is dat buitenaardse wezens met ons kunnen communiceren, maar ervoor kiezen dat niet te doen.
Foto: YouTube/Movieclips
SETI gaat ervan uit dat buitenaardse wezen waarmee we in contact willen komen veel geavanceerder zijn dan wij omdat de mens nog maar zo kort bestaat.
Het is dus heel goed mogelijk dat aliens helemaal geen gebruik maken van radiogolven om te communiceren. Misschien proberen ze ons wel te bereiken met een technologie die we helemaal niet begrijpen. Walsh trekt de vergelijking met de moderne mens die contact probeert te maken met een holbewoner via een mobieltje – en wij zijn dan de holbewoners.
7. Als ander intelligent leven zo ver vooroploopt in de ontwikkeling, dan zou het zomaar kunnen dat het ons de moeite van het contact niet waard vindt.
Foto: Zo denkt de NASA dat een buitenaardse mega-structuur eruit ziet.
Als Walsh het heeft over het gebrek aan contact, dan spreekt hij van “De Grote Stilte”.
Een mogelijk antwoord op de Fermi Paradox is wat hij “De Grote Onverschilligheid” noemt – buitenaardse wezen interesseert het misschien wel helemaal niets wat een minder intelligente levensvorm te melden heeft.
8. Maar misschien hebben onze radiogolven nog wel niemand bereikt.
Foto: Het sterrenstelsel M13 zoals de Schulman-telescoop dat waarneemt.
Bron: Adam Block/WIkimedia Commons
Op 16 november 1974 stuurde Frank Drake de eerste opzettelijke radiogolven de ruimte in. Een tweetonig geluid met een lengte van 168 seconden werd richting sterrenstelsel Messier 13 (M13) in de Hercules-constellatie gestuurd.
In het bericht waren verwerkt: de atomische nummers van de aardse basiselementen, de nummers 1 tot en met 10 en een grafische weergave van ons zonnesysteem om aan te geven waar het bericht vandaan kwam. M13 is volgens SETI 21.000 lichtjaren van ons verwijderd, dus Drake’s boodschap doet er zo’n 21.000 jaar over om daar te komen. En dan moet het signaal een zelfde weg afleggen om weer bij ons te komen.
9. Niet alle wetenschappers vinden het een goed idee om lukraak boodschappen de ruimte in te sturen. In 2010 waarschuwde wijlen astrofysicus Stephen Hawking voor pogingen om contact te leggen.
Foto: Stephen Hawking bij de aankondiging van het Breakthrough Starshot initiatief in New York in 2016.
Bron: REUTERS/Lucas Jackson
Tegen de Times of London verklaarde Hawking: “Ik stel me zo voor dat ze in grote schepen komen, omdat ze alle hulpbronnen van hun eigen planeet hebben opgebruikt. Zulke wezens zouden zomaar eens nomaden kunnen zijn, op zoek naar planeten die ze kunnen veroveren en koloniseren.”
10. Aliens zouden zich ook expres voor ons verstoppen.
Foto: MARK RALSTON / Staff
Sommige onderzoekers onderschrijven de zorg van Hawking, maar dan voor de buitenaardse wezens. Die zouden bang zijn voor contact en zich daarom stilhouden.
In “End Times” schuift Walsh een dergelijke theorie naar voren: misschien wordt de aarde wel beschouwd als een soort dierentuin waar mensen opzettelijk met rust gelaten worden. Een soort reservaat voor achtergebleven universumbewoners dus.
11. Aliens zouden ons ook met rust kunnen laten, totdat we té hebberig worden en een bedreiging vormen voor het universum.
Foto: Een screenshot uit “The Day The Earth Stood Still” uit 1951.
Bron: 20th Century Fox
De Hollywood blockbuster “The Day The Earth Stood Still” uit 1951 gaat over die theorie. In die film landen buitenaardse wezens in – uiteraard – Washington om een boodschap over te brengen: leef in vrede of je wordt vernietigd omdat je andere planeten bedreigt.
12. Misschien houden aliens wel een winterslaap, schrijft Walsh.
Foto: Columbia Pictures
De intelligente buitenaardse beschavingen waar we zo naarstig naar op zoek zijn, zouden ook weleens gewoon een winterslaap van miljarden jaren kunnen houden.
13. Een andere hypothese is dat we in een “galactische buitenwijk” wonen, in de verre periferie van het Melkwegstelsel waar intelligent leven mogelijk is.
Foto: Een screenshot uit de kaskraker “Interstellar” van Christopher Nolan.
Bron: Paramount Pictures
Walsh beschrijft de theorie dat het gewoon moeilijk is voor ander leven om ons te bezoeken. En al helemaal wanneer die andere beschavingen er, net als wij, nog niet in geslaagd zijn om van sterrenstelsel naar sterrenstelsel te reizen.
14. Maar die benadering van de Fermi Paradox herbergt een probleem: de Melkweg is heel oud. Andere intelligente beschavingen hebben dus al genoeg tijd gehad om ons te vinden, zelfs als hun transportmodus traag zou zijn.
Foto: NASA/JPL-Caltech
Als aliens op een tiende van de lichtsnelheid zouden reizen, dan zouden ze er 10 miljoen jaar over doen om de hele Melkweg te doorkruisen. Dat is minder dan 0,1 procent van de leeftijd van het Melkwegstelsel.
15. Maar misschien kunnen technologisch geavanceerde beschavingen en levensvormen eenvoudigweg niet zo lang bestaan om in staat te zijn zulke lange reizen te maken.
Foto: Wikimedia Commons
Volgens deze theorie bestaan er dus wel degelijk intelligente beschavingen elders in het Melkwegstelsel, maar vernietigen deze zichzelf vóór ze het punt bereikt hebben waarop ze lange interstellaire reizen kunnen maken en wij kennis met hen kunnen maken. Het zijn dus net mensen.
15. Sommige wetenschappers stellen dat buitenaardse intelligente beschavingen die op ons lijken, zijn uitgestorven door dezelfde gevaren die de mensheid op onze planeet bedreigen.
Foto: Asteroïden op weg naar het noorden van Groenland.
Bron: Deens Natuurhistorisch Museum/NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Volgens filosoof Nick Bostrom moet het leven op planeten die op de aarde lijken verschillende “evolutionaire fasen” doorlopen voordat het kan communiceren met beschavingen in andere sterrenstelsels.
Er is echter een obstakel, in deze theorie wordt het een “Groot Filter” genoemd – dat intelligente soorten verhindert om al deze evolutionaire stappen te doorlopen voordat ze ineenstorten en weer verdwijnen.
16. Een vorig jaar gepubliceerde studie wijst op klimaatverandering als ons meest waarschijnlijke “filter” waardoor we niet in staat zullen zijn contact te leggen.
Foto: Shanghai 2009.
Bron: Reuters/Aly Song
De studie oppert vier mogelijke scenario’s die een beschaving kan volgen. Een van die routes leidt tot een duurzaam bestaan. Maar in de andere drie scenario’s maken beschavingen hun hulpbronnen op en sterven uit of storten in als gevolg daarvan.
Een mogelijk antwoord op de Fermi Paradox is dat klimatologische omstandigheden het leven van beschavingen dermate verkort dat echte exploratie van de ruimte onmogelijk is.
17. Volgens Walsh is het zeer wel mogelijk dat we nooit buitenaards leven aantreffen, behalve de restanten ervan: het bewijs van een uitgestorven beschaving.
Foto: NASA/JPL-Caltech
Walsh noemt deze vondsten “necrohandtekeningen.” Nucleaire holocausts, biologische wapens en zelfs verdwijnende planeten laten vindbare sporen in de ruimte achter, schrijft hij. De mensheid moet zich erop voorbereiden die overblijfselen te vinden en als zodanig te identificeren.
18. Planetair wetenschapper Alan Stern denkt daarentegen dat aliens, anders dan mensen, in het binnenste van hun planeten leven. En daardoor moeilijk vindbaar zijn.
Foto: Een NASA-model illustreert hoe de inwendige zee op de maan van Saturnus, Enceladus, er mogelijk uitziet.
Bron: NASA-GSFC/SVS, NASA/JPL-Caltech/Southwest Research Institute
Volgens Stern is er water binnenin sommige bewoonbare planeten. Onder de oppervlakte, zoals in het geval van Saturnus’ maan, Enceladus.
“Als technologisch geavanceerde beschavingen inderdaad in staat zijn om zich te ontwikkelen in deze interne oceanische werelden, dan zijn ze van ons afgesneden door de gesteenten en ijslagen boven zich”, zei hij eerder tegen Business Insider. “We zouden hun verlichte steden niet kunnen zien, we zouden hun communicatie niet kunnen horen. Ze zouden niet eens weten dat er een universum was waarmee ze konden communiceren.”
19. Volgens een publicatie vorige maand hebben buitenaardse wezens ons allang bezocht, alleen niet recent genoeg om door ons opgemerkt te worden.
Volgens de auteurs zouden aliens ook kunnen wachten tot sterrenstelsels dichter naar elkaar toe bewegen voordat ze zich over het universum verspreiden en dat andere beschavingen hier al eerder waren, maar geen sporen van hun aanwezigheid achterlieten.
Imagine you’re an alien civilization and you want to study our planet or “regard it with envious eyes”, where are the best places to position a probe? Well, physicist James Benford has an answer for you. There are regions around Earth where it’s possible for celestial bodies or artificial ones to co-orbit our planet. They are in a 1:1 resonance, so basically they remain at roughly the same distance from Earth as we go around the Sun.
In a paper published in The Astronomical Journal, Benford discusses how these natural objects in resonance with our planet make them ideal places to hide a “lurker” as he referred to the possible probes. He lists the three main orbits these objects can take as well as the stability of some of the known co-orbitals.
There is, for example, Cruithne, often referred to as Earth’s second moon (it isn’t), which is expected to leave its current orbit in about 5,000 years. And there is Kamoʻoalewa (or 2016 HO3) – the smallest, closest, and most stable quasi-satellite of Earth, which only came into its current orbit 100 years ago. There are more of these objects and many more are likely to be discovered in the future.
Benford argues that these objects and their neighborhoods are ripe for SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) investigations. Using wavelengths from radio to optical to infrared, it could be possible to study these co-orbital bodies and find out if lurkers are on them. The physicist also suggests sending a robotic probe to rendezvous with these objects to study them up close.
“What have we to lose by checking out these objects? Certainly resources such as time on telescopes, radio and optical. But we would be studying newly found objects, which could well be interesting astronomy. Nobody has really looked at these co-orbitals, other than orbital calculations and faint images. We know almost nothing about them,” Benford writes in the paper.
The paper also detailed regions not ideal for lurkers, such as near the Earth, on the Moon, or further out around the asteroids. That said, Benford states a simple truth: We don't know anything about the intentions or logic of alien civilizations. We don’t even know if these alien civilizations are out there.
Since 2015, astronomers have been trying to find the cause of Tabby’s Star’s mysterious behavior. The star keeps dimming in an oddly sporadic pattern, and has overall gotten 10% less bright in just a century.
Some scientists have suggested an alien megastructure or a massive swarm of comets may be to blame.
In 2019, a team of astrophysicists at Columbia University proposed a different culprit. The star may have stolen icy moons from an orbiting planet. Over time, radiation dissolved these moons, creating a dusty cloud that blocks some of the starlight.
Narrator: In 2015, astronomers noticed something …strange going on nearly 1,500 light-years from home. A star named KIC 8462852, aka Tabby’s Star, kept dimming. As though something was passing in front of it. Since then, scientists have been trying to figure out what that something might be. A swarm of comets flying by, en masse? An alien megastructure? Then, in 2019, a team of astrophysicists proposed a new, more plausible explanation. That might finally solve the mystery of Tabby’s Star.
Narrator: There are really TWO mysteries centered on Tabby’s Star. First, the star keeps brightening and dimming in a bizarrely sporadic pattern. While very young stars will occasionally behave like this astronomers have never seen it in a star of Tabby’s age. Second, the star is slowly, but surely, getting dimmer over time in a steady decline that astronomers have never observed in another star of its type. Clearly, something fishy is going on. Some researchers have suggested an advanced alien civilization is to blame.
If aliens built a megastructure called a Dyson Sphere to siphon off the star’s energy that could explain how the star is a whopping 10% dimmer than it was just a century ago. But there are some holes in that idea. For one, you’d expect an orbiting megastructure to make regular, predictable trips around the star. Just like the International Space Station makes regular trips around the Earth. But so far, there’s no clear evidence that the dips occur on a consistent schedule. Plus, when it comes to any theory about advanced alien civilizations.
Brian Metzger: It’s a little hard to test it.
Narrator: He studies what he calls
Metzger: Things that go bump in the night.
Narrator: Or strange phenomena in the universe – including the odd behavior of Tabby’s Star. Metzger says another theory has problems as well. You see, some experts suggest a massive swarm of comets is the real culprit. This has the advantage that – unlike aliens – we’re positive comets exist and if they were orbiting the star, they’d explain the random blips. But …
Metzger: A lot of the explanations run into the problem of “why is this relatively rare, why don’t other stars show this behavior.
Narrator: Basically, there’d need to be something special about Tabby’s Star to attract so many comets to congregate at the same place, at the same time. But as far as astronomers can tell, Tabby’s Star is just like any other star of its type. Luckily, Metzger and his team may have a new solution. In 2019, they published a paper in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society that argued for a different culprit: The dusty remains of a dying moon. According to Metzger’s models, a gas giant may have orbited the star millions of years ago. And like Jupiter and other gas giants, it hosted a few icy moons.
Now, the planet and its moons would have continued to orbit Tabby’s Star to this day if not for one problem: Metzger says a second, nearby star may have exerted a tiny gravitational pull on the planet. Over time, it slowly tugged the planet out of its orbit and towards Tabby’s Star. Until, eventually, the planet fell in and was destroyed. But the planet’s moons may have escaped this fate instead getting trapped into orbit by Tabby’s gravity. Over time, the constant radiation could have melted off chunks of these icy moons resulting in a colossal cloud of moon dust around the star. Now, this plan makes sense for a number of reasons. First,
Metzger: Dust – as small, particulate grains – is a really effective way to block the light of a star.
Narrator: Unlike an alien superstructure, dust floats around in a blob that’s constantly morphing and changing its shape, which could explain the irregular dips. And, if enough of it accumulated around the star over time it could lead to that mysterious 10% dimming astronomers observe. The moon part of Metzger’s hypothesis works well, too.
Metzger: You need an object that’s massive, that has a lot of material that it could survive for a very long time, that it could feed this giant cloud of debris.
Narrator: Meanwhile, you’d need a remarkably large swarm of unusually giant comets in order to get the same job done.
Metzger: We would need something much bigger than an ordinary comet to explain the dipping around Tabby’s Star.
Narrator: Plus, unlike an alien machine, we see moons all the time. And, while we haven’t seen this EXACT scenario before it’s based on something we have observed with Jupiter-like planets.
Metzger: We have lots of evidence from other planets that Jupiter’s can be driven into their stars. If you think Jupiters are being driven close to their stars, you have to say what happened to their moons.
Narrator: So, mystery solved? Well, not quite. While Metzger says he’s happy with his team’s explanation, he still has plenty of work ahead of him.
Metzger: I think it’s important to move beyond what we’re working on now and make predictions that can be tested.
Narrator: After all, theoretical models only get you so far. That being said, it’s still probably not aliens.
Former CIA Says Aliens Being "Made, Hatched, Cloned, and Manufactured"
Former CIA Says Aliens Being "Made, Hatched, Cloned, and Manufactured"
Former CIA Agent and Alien Hunter Derrel Sims talks about his lifelong quest for the truth with the alien presence on Earth and their nefarious agendas! He hunts these extrat+39
errestrials and collects evidence, data, witness testimonies and fights to expose the true intentions behind these sinister beings with their human experiments.
He explains how these aliens are “Made, Hatched, Cloned, and Manufactured” by some rogue element within our government. He states that the aliens don’t have a planet, their “DNA comes from here”. Then he explained how all aliens are genetically modified. He goes on to connect the dots with the extraterrestrial presence of today with that of the ancient past. He gave his take with Zecharia Sitchin, the Anunnaki, Fallen Angels, and the Sumerian Civilization.
A FEW TALKING POINTS WITH THE INTERVIEW: His time with the CIA His first Encounter with Aliens Why he hunts Aliens Transgenics Chimeras and the tampering of DNA Alien Hybrids Different types of alien races Cloned and Manufactured Aliens Greys, Reptilians, Nordics, 7 Foot Preying Mantis beings Alien Abductions Alien Experiments on the Human Race His research and evidence with Alien Abductions The agenda behind Alien Abductions The Alien Agenda Zecharia Sitchin Anunnaki Fallen Angels Jesus and the Bible The Human Origins
100% Proof That Aliens Currently Live On Our Moon, UFO Sighting News.
100% Proof That Aliens Currently Live On Our Moon, UFO Sighting News.
Hey everyone. I was checking out an old NASA photo of the polar region of earths moon, when I noticed some white shiny blur spots at its center. I have seen such white shiny spot before...on dwarf planet Ceres...and back then I added shadows to bring out the real structure of the building. Well I did it again here. I added a bit of shadows and the buildings shape and surface became visible. When we imagine an alien city, we see structures like our own...but in 1 million or even 1 billion years...are humans really going to make such structures or are we going to change everything about them? Well, thats at technology evolves...with a species. I mean it wasn't long ago that the world once thought that the sun revolved around the earth. That the earth was the center of the universe. Boy were we into our selves back then huh? I made this video below of the structures I found and you need to make it full screen and put it into HD to really see them well. 100% proof that aliens currently live on our moon in the polar region. Scott C. Waring-Taiwan
Investigators take samples of brush burned by the fireball. National Geology and Mining Service of Chile
Last week, bright, flaming objects were spotted in the sky over the island of Chiloe in southern Chile before reportedly crashing to the ground and starting a series of small fires.
Resident Bernardita Ojeda showed local Channel 2 news where something fell from the sky and burned some bushes on her property:
So what are we dealing with here? Just some super-heated space junk reentering the atmosphere, or is someone testing their space lasers on Chilean scrub? Technically, we're talking about unidentified flying objects. Yes, UFOs. Although nothing big or well-piloted enough to reopen The X-Files for, it would seem.
After the story spread through social media last week, leading Chilean astronomer and astrophysicist Jose Maza told national broadcaster TVN the object was likely either a meteorite or space debris.
With meteorites ruled out, that would seem to indicate it was pieces of an old satellite or maybe a rocket booster that roasted bits of Chile. The geologists who investigated the scenes told TVN they're performing a more detailed analysis of soil samples and will release their conclusions later in October.
This could mean geologists found bits of metal that might indicate human-made space junk started the fire, but they're double-checking what type of material they've found. It makes sense to ensure they haven't collected some other sort of metal or perhaps even a new element created by a far-off alien civilization that likes to announce itself by torching bushes.
If that snark wasn't clear enough: It almost certainly isn't aliens.
It's very rare for space debris to cause damage on the ground, as it usually falls in the ocean or remote areas. There have been occasional reports of rocket boosters doing damage following inland launches in China, but there are no reports of anyone ever being killed or seriously injured by space junk.
Flaming object drops from sky and crashes in Dalcahue, Chile and it looks like it wasn't natural
Flaming object drops from sky and crashes in Dalcahue, Chile and it looks like it wasn't natural
Last week on September 25, 2019 a flaming object was photographed in the sky of Dalcahue in Chile just before it crashed to the ground.
After investigation Chile's National Service of Geology and Mining has ruled out that the object that left a burning spot on the ground, has been a small meteorite.
So, what are we dealing with here? Just some super-heated space junk reentering the atmosphere or is someone testing their space lasers?
According to Cnet - including video news report the geologists who investigated the scenes told TVN they're performing a more detailed analysis of soil samples and will release their conclusions later in October, though it makes sense to ensure they haven't collected some other sort of metal.
In fact we are talking about an Unidentified Flying Object(UFO) that dropped from the sky.
Where galaxies live in the universe and the way they interact with their surroundings, i.e. the intergalactic medium around them, mainly influences their ability to produce new stars. The ambiguity of this interaction is precisely what determines the mysterious life cycle of galaxies.
Modern astrophysicists have found that distant galaxies are dying as they are being rampantly stripped of their ability to produce new stars. Hence, entire galaxies in the most extreme regions of the universe are meeting a fateful end and slowly, vanishing as their exiting stars fade away or die in violent supernovas for reasons unknown.
Galaxy clusters are the most massive entities in the universe, full of environmental extremities. Holding together hundreds of thousands of galaxies, the clusters have such huge gravitation forces present in them, that it super-heats the plasma in between galaxies to temperatures so high, that it glows with an X-ray light, according to McMaster University astrophysicist Toby Brown as reported by The Conversation. Now, a team is investigating the nearby Virgo Cluster to find out if something like this, is happening there.
The new program, called the Virgo Environment Traced in Carbon Monoxide survey (VERTICO) is investigating this in great detail, as to how, galaxies are dying due to their environments.
This first-ever Canadian-led large project is one of world’s leading telescopes hoping to uncover this anomaly. However, it is to be noted that galaxies are being killed, but they’re not suddenly disappearing from the face of the universe. Brown suggests that some undetermined factors are causing the formation of new stars to be shut down.
Brown’s team has thus, explored two possibilities to probe the still-forming Virgo Cluster.
The first possibility is ram pressure stripping, a process that vacuums away all the gas that a galaxy would use to form stars and flows it to nearby intergalactic plasma. The second possibility is that the environment inside a galactic cluster simply becomes too hot for cosmic gases to cool and condenses into stars, turning it into useless fuel, that ultimately kills the galaxy.
CULT IN THAILAND CLAIMS IT HAS A PORTAL TO TALK TO ALIENS
CULT IN THAILAND CLAIMS IT HAS A PORTAL TO TALK TO ALIENS
IMAGES VIA PIXABAY/VICTOR TANGERMANN
KRISTIN HOUSER
Phone Home
If aliens come to Earth, it won’t be to destroy humans — it’ll be to save us from the apocalypse.
At least, that’s one of the core beliefs shared by members of UFO Kaokala, a Thailand-based group highlighted in a fascinating new Vice story. Another eyebrow-raising belief espoused by the group, which has amassed thousands of online followers: that they can talk to aliens through a portal on the Khao Kala mountain.
Word Of Mouth
The group’s founder, Ajarn Wassana Chuensumnaun, told Vice she’s been chatting with aliens for more than two decades — and she claims to have learned quite a bit about ETs through her conversations.
For one, aliens typically hail from either Pluto or a planet Wassana calls Lokukatapakadikong. They eat “energy capsules” due to their small mouths, according to Wassana, and while the ETs from Lokukatapakadikong look like the standard grey figures you might see in a sci-fi movie, the ones from Pluto are “more like a gas.”
Aliens Above Us
Wassana told Vice she learned about the Khao Kala portalfrom her alien communications. The Kaokala members now regularly visit the mountain to meditate and look for UFOs, drawing the ire of government officials who raided the site in August.
Still, Kaokala member Ann Thongcharoen doesn’t seem too concerned about the raid hindering her ability to communicate with aliens.
“We can stay in our homes and receive contact,” she told Vice. “You never know where you’ll be at the time of World War III.”
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Maak kennis met de UFO-groep die claimt via een poort te praten met aliens
Maak kennis met de UFO-groep die claimt via een poort te praten met aliens
Aliens komen niet naar de aarde om ons te vernietigen, maar om ons te redden. Dat zegt althans de groep UFO Kaokala in Thailand.
De groep, die vele duizenden volgelingen heeft, stelt te kunnen praten met aliens via een poort op de berg Khao Kala, schrijft Vice in een uitgebreid stuk.
De oprichter van de groep, Ajarn Wassana Chuensumnaun, zei tegen Vice dat ze al meer dan twee decennia met aliens communiceert en al veel van hen heeft geleerd.
Energiecapsules
De aliens waar zij mee spreekt, komen meestal van Pluto of een planeet die ze Lokukatapakadikong noemt.
Zij eten ‘energiecapsules’ vanwege hun kleine mond, aldus Wassana.
De wezens lijken op de grijze figuren die je wel eens in een sciencefictionfilm ziet, terwijl bezoekers van Pluto eruitzien als ‘een soort gas’.
Inval
Wassana zei dat de aliens haar hebben verteld van de poort op Khao Kala.
Leden van groep gaan vaak naar de berg om te mediteren en UFO’s te spotten, tot frustratie van de overheid, die in augustus een inval deed in het centrum van de organisatie.
Thuisblijven
Groepslid Ann Thongcharoen zei zich niet druk te maken om de inval.
“We kunnen ook thuisblijven en contact krijgen,” zei ze tegen Vice.
Has the academy gotten its hands on any materials to review? Mr. Elizondo: Certainly. Are you able to share more about that? Mr. Elizondo: Not at this point. We have to let the process take its course. And what we don’t want to do is be presumptive either way. The last thing we want to do is jump to any conclusions, prematurely. Ultimately, the data is going to decide what something is or what something isn’t. The materials come from a variety of sources? Mr. Elizondo: Correct.
It’s tough being Luis Elizondo. The former head of the secretive Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP) in the Defense Intelligence Agency chartered with studying Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) or UFOs, should know where the bodies are buried … not to mention the alleged parts of the extraterrestrial spacecrafts that brought these aliens to Earth. Yet the guy whose name shows up in the headlines about the To the Stars Academy of Arts & Sciences and its quest to analyze these parts and expose their secrets to the public is Tom DeLonge, who must now be introduced as ‘former Blink-182 frontman’ to remind people that he was once famous for something else and still deserves attention.
While that may be true, in a recent interview with The New York Times about ADAM (Acquisition & Data Analysis of Materials) Research Project, the To The Stars academic research program focused on exotic material samples from UFOs, it’s Elizondo who confidently responds to the question of their existence with “Certainly” while DeLonge was reduced to defending himself in questions about his credentials and his “intellect.” While DeLonge may have once been good, it’s Elizondo who has the goods. So, what are they?
Not this, we hope.
“As I’ve said before, there’s a difference between something that’s truly exotic and something that fell from the alternator of a 1984 Cadillac.”
Wait, what?
“We’re going to do research employing the scientific method, first and foremost. What we have been doing is trying to find the most qualified individuals at the most respectable institutions to conduct scientific analysis. That scientific analysis includes physical analysis, it includes molecular and chemical analysis and ultimately it includes nuclear analysis.”
Sigh. Elizondo spends more time describing the process that the product. As anyone who follows UFO sightings has figured out by now, most mysterious pieces of metal that fall from the sky are from planes or rockets – both commercial and secret. They don’t want to know about these pieces and don’t care about reverse-engineering the metal – they want to know what’s allegedly hidden in Area 51 (why else would 2 million people want it stormed?) and other military bases and warehouses around the world. That’s probably what Tom DeLonge was hoping for as well when he put his name, fame and money behind To The Stars and ADAM. In the interest of fairness, it’s tough being Tom too. Instead of getting to make historic announcements, he’s been forced to show little pieces of metal and answer the same old questions from even The New York Times about the old naked rock star days while Elizondo gets the hard questions, which he cautiously answers. Tom is obviously frustrated.
“This whole thing could be answered by the government. We’re just waiting for them to come and help us with some of this research.”
Mysterious Planet Nine May Actually Be A Miniature Black Hole
Mysterious Planet Nine May Actually Be A Miniature Black Hole
Jocelyne LeBlanc
The mysterious and not-yet-discovered Planet Nine is certainly a hot topic and a new theory may even be more than strange the planet itself. The strange manner in which some distance space rocks are orbiting indicates that there could possibly be a huge world called Planet Nine that scientists have not yet found. However, according to a new research paper written by a team of scientists, the mysterious Planet Nine may actually be one of the oldest black holes in the entire universe, called a primordial black hole.
So, is it a black hole or an undetected planet? First, let’s take a look at how the Planet Nine hypothesis began. In the past few years, astronomers have discovered around a dozen objects that are acting strangely without explanation. These icy objects are called Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) because they are orbiting in the distant solar system past Neptune but when they get to their closest approach to the Sun, they remain at approximately the same spot. Scientists say that it doesn’t make sense, as they are far enough away from Neptune that the planet wouldn’t have any effect on their orbits.
Hypothetical comparison of Planet Nine to Earth And Neptune.
This is where the theory of Planet Nine comes into play, as astronomers believe that there could be a gigantic planet between 5 and 15 times the mass of Earth that is hiding somewhere in our solar system past Pluto. This huge planet is what they believe is affecting the odd orbits of the TNOs.
But, on September 24th, a new research paper was posted on arXiv that explores a new theory that Planet Nine could instead be a primordial black hole. Scientists believe that primordial black holes were first created within the first second of the Big Bang, although their existence has never officially been confirmed or denied. If the black hole theory is correct, it would mean that it would only be around the size of a baseball.
Researchers conducted an OGLE (Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment) project over the past five years in order to find gravitational microlensing events which are when objects like a black hole passes in front of an object in the background like a star. They noticed six odd microlensing events that happened when something around 0.5 to 20 times the mass of Earth was acting like gravitational lenses. Instead of being planets, these objects could instead be primordial black holes.
Artist’s interpretation of Planet Nine.
According to the study, “Capture of a free-floating planet is a leading explanation for the origin of Planet [Nine].” It went on to read, “and we show that the probability of capturing a [primordial black hole] instead is comparable.”
Konstantin Batygin, who is involved with the Planet Nine hypothesis, but was not part of the new study, said that it’s possible that it could instead be a black hole although he’s not convinced. He told Astronomy, “The important thing to understand here is that all that the calculations can tell is the mass of Planet Nine, not its composition,” adding, “So, in principle, Planet Nine can be a planet, a potato, a black hole, a hamburger, etc…, as long as its orbital parameters are right.” He finished off by stating, “I always like to keep an open mind.”
Whether it’s a planet or a black hole, the theories regarding Planet Nine are always interesting and hopefully one day soon we’ll have a definitive answer as to what it actually is.
A dark UFO-shaped ring has appeared in the sky over Russia, sparking wild claims that an alien portal to another universe has formed
The bizarre footage was captured in Moscow where several locals shared images of what they described as a weird alien-like circle.
Conspiracy theorists sensationally described it as a “portal to another world” which the aliens simply forgot to close and forgot to hide in an invisible mode.
But it still sparked speculation as to what could have caused it if not aliens as the UFO watchers claimed.
The bizarre ring was spotted hovering over Moscow(Image: CEN)
The clip shows the dark ring hovering aimlessly in the sky.
As the cameraman zooms in, the sheer size of the ring becomes clearer.
After being uploaded online, many compared it to a flock of birds.
While others claimed they do not fly in such circles, adding that it does not appear to be moving enough.
Some suggested it might be smoke but this was also rejected as the ring remained in place despite relatively strong winds.
There were even suggestions the bizarre ring was a trace from a military aircraft that had gone through the sound barrier or even been created with an explosion which had left only a black ring.
One viewer said: “Wow. It's like a portal to another world. I'm afraid."
While a second joked: "People, run! It's an alien invasion!"
UFO specialist Yuri Senkin, from the Academy of Informatics and Applied Ufology, said he believed that the dark ring in the Moscow Region was a smoke vortex.
Some viewers believe the ring was a portal to an interdimensional world
(Image: CEN)
Yuri said: “There was turbulence yet the particles were aligned.
"From a scientific point of view, there is no obvious explanation for this phenomenon.
"But perhaps there was a release of some substances that fell into the upper atmosphere."
Today, I’m on a bit of a “weird dream” kick. By that, I mean there will be another dream-based article after this one. John Winterbauer is a friend of mine who I run into about once a year or so at conferences. At 8:43 a.m. on November 21, 2015 John sent me a text – while clearly in a state of some concern – that revolved around the story of a woman named Terry, who I interviewed a few years back. Her MIB-themed encounter makes for chilling reading. In part, Terry had told me: “This encounter occurred during the day time thirty five years ago in 1977 at a Winchell’s in Sunnyvale California, I was just sixteen years of age at the time. My best friend and I had just finished our coffee and were heading for the doorway to leave. As we were passing a man seated at one of the tables, he reached out and firmly grabbed my wrist. In that moment my first reaction was to jerk away from his grip, but looking down at him I realized that he was a very old man and I felt in that moment that he was harmless. He was dressed in black wearing an old fashioned hat and suit, his clothing looked like it was from the 1930’s. He was extremely pale, very thin and appeared to be very old, I guessed in his 80’s or 90’s.”
Terry continued: “He told my friend and I that he was a palm reader, a very good one, he claimed and could he please do us a favor by giving us each a reading. My friend and I talked briefly to each other about his offer and agreed to let him. I first sat down across the table from him, then as my friend was starting to sit down along side of me, he stopped her and asked her to please go sit a few tables away out of earshot from us, explaining that the information was going to be direct and personal, we would need some privacy. She complied and moved several tables away.”
There was more to come, too: “Once my friend was seated away from us, I placed my hands on the table in front of him, palms up and looked into the man’s face, it was then that I noticed the old man’s eyes were completely glazed over with cataracts, he was surely blind I thought, as his gaze was unfixed and unfocused in my direction. I asked him how long had he been a psychic? He responded by saying that his ability had nothing to do with being psychic and emphasized that it had everything to do with ‘science.’”
There are these closing words from Terry: “He began by talking about my early childhood experiences along with some very painful incidents that had occurred to me in which he had precise and detailed information that I was sure no one could have known about. Quite suddenly I felt very vulnerable and exposed as he recounted these events, his knowledge unnerved me to my very core. Staring straight ahead he moved along into my present situation, lecturing and chastising me like a father would a child, for some poor choices I had made during that time. All the while he broke a doughnut down into tiny pieces. My mind raced as I tried to figure out how on earth could he know this stuff? It was then in that moment that I would forever change my ideas of ‘secrets kept’ and how I viewed my own identity in the world. Apparently ‘nothing’ could be hidden from myself or anyone else for that matter. I felt naked in the truth.”
All of which brings us back to John Winterbauer and his text of November 21, 2015. It read: “Morning, Nick. Odd occurrences last night. I dreamed a woman came to warn me of an unspecified forthcoming trouble. She identified herself only as Terry [italics mine]. This morning I’m reading your new MIB book [titled Men in Black, and which referenced Terry, something John didn’t know until he began reading the book on the 21st] and just finished the donut shop account. My girl and I are getting ready to head to St. Louis for a weekend of paranormal adventure. This dream had no meaning this morning…now my hands are shaking as I type this. Most odd…most unsettling. Probably means nothing but the coincidence has me rattled. Thought I’d share in case I vanish or some weird shit this weekend! For the record I’ve enjoyed the book up to this last story!”
Thankfully, nothing untoward happened that weekend. John has not, however, forgotten this undeniably sinister and thought-provoking synchronicity concerning Terry. Neither have I. I saved that text and – as short as it is – I still go back and read it, now and again.
Shh. Did you hear that? You may not have, but one SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) scientist believes it’s possible an eavesdropping alien did … using listening gear secretly placed on a space rock that is in the same orbit around the Sun that Earth occupies. How did that happen? Should we be worried? Should we ask them for help? Should we speak louder?
“A recently discovered group of nearby co-orbital objects is an attractive location for extraterrestrial intelligence (ETI) to locate a probe to observe Earth while not being easily seen. These near-Earth objects provide an ideal way to watch our world from a secure natural object. That provides resources an ETI might need: materials, a firm anchor, and concealment.”
James Benford,a physicist and independent SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) researcher, told LiveScience he got the bug about ET bugs last year and it bugged him until he came up with the idea that co-orbitals might be a great place for aliens to send spaceships to plant solar-powered listening devices to spy on us. He expands on the theory in his paper published recently in The Astronomical Journal. Co-orbitals are asteroids or space rocks inhabiting roughly the same orbit as a planet – orbiting the Sun rather than the planet. The first Earth co-orbital found is 3753 Cruithne, discovered in 1986 in a photo taken in 1983. Its co-orbit wasn’t confirmed until 1997 and since then about 15 others have been identified. While occupying the same orbital space, their actual paths can vary — 3753 Cruithne has a bean-shaped orbit while others are more like closed horseshoes. The closest one, 2016 HO3, is 38 times as far away from Earth as the moon. However, that seems to be close enough for Benford’s alien eavesdropping theory.
Asteroid 2016 HO3 (Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech)
In “Looking for Lurkers: Co-orbiters as SETI Observables,” Benford proposes that an advanced civilization on a nearby star could have send robotic probes to the most likely planet in our star’s “Goldilocks zone” (or whatever they might call it), but rather than violating their version of the ‘prime directive’, they positioned the lurkers on co-orbitals where they could listen and replenish their power from the star or from mining the asteroid. While they may have arrived millions of years ago and only picked up the moans of dying bacteria, eventually humans arrived to make enough noise to convince the lurkers that Earth finally contains intelligent (at least according to some definitions) life.
Hey! Anybody listening? Can you do something about that asteroid heading to the Gulf of Mexico?
It’s an interesting theory and certainly fits in with the Fermi Paradox – there has been no alien contact and we can’t detect them because they’re just quietly listening in. However, we may be able to find them or prove Benford wrong soon. China’s space program announced it will send a probe to 2016 HO3 in 2022 which will land, collect samples and send them back to Earth on a separate ship before continuing on to another asteroid. Since 2016 HO3 is so small (41 meters in diameter), Benford thinks there’s a good chance it could find evidence of a lurker from one of the many stars that have occasionally been less than a light year away from ours. If it were up to him, Benford might want to try communicating with them first using “Benford Beacons” – targeted short bursts of broadband signals in the 1-to-10-gigahertz range. Since they already know we’re here, this shouldn’t surprise the lurkers but may signal that we’re ready for contact.
Or maybe the beacons will act like a microwave dinger signalling we’re done cooking and ready to be eaten.
Is that really a good idea? Who knows? Are there really lurkers listening to us on Earth’s co-orbitals? Who knows? If they can pick up the Internet and read this, maybe we’ll find out.
Otherworldly Worms with Three Sexes Discovered in Mono Lake
Otherworldly Worms with Three Sexes Discovered in Mono Lake
This newly discovered species of nematode is considered an extremophile--it thrives under high-salt, high-pH, arsenic-rich conditions that are otherwise hostile to life. But it is surprisingly versatile because it can also live in "normal" conditions in the laboratory.
Credit: Caltech
Caltech scientists have discovered a new species of worm thriving in the extreme environment of Mono Lake. This new species, temporarily dubbed Auanema sp., has three different sexes, can survive 500 times the lethal human dose of arsenic, and carries its young inside its body like a kangaroo.
Mono Lake, located in the Eastern Sierras of California, is three times as salty as the ocean and has an alkaline pH of 10. Before this study, only two other species (other than bacteria and algae) were known to live in the lake—brine shrimp and diving flies. In this new work, the team discovered eight more species, all belonging to a class of microscopic worms called nematodes, thriving in and around Mono Lake.
Auanema sp., a newly discovered nematode species in Mono Lake, is considered an extremophile for its ability to thrive under harsh conditions.
Credit: Caltech
The work was done primarily in the laboratory of Paul Sternberg, Bren Professor of Biology. A paper describing the research appears online on September 26 in the journal Current Biology.
The Sternberg laboratory has had a long interest in nematodes, particularly Caenorhabditis elegans, which uses only 300 neurons to exhibit complex behaviors, such assleeping, learning, smelling, and moving. That simplicity makes it a useful model organism with which to study fundamentalneurosciencequestions. Importantly, C. elegans can easily thrive in the laboratory under normal room temperatures and pressures.
As nematodes are considered the most abundant type of animal on the planet, former Sternberg lab graduate students Pei-Yin Shih (PhD ’19) and James Siho Lee (PhD ’19) thought they might find them in the harsh environment of Mono Lake. The eight species they found are diverse, ranging from benign microbe-grazers to parasites and predators. Importantly, all are resilient to the arsenic-laden conditions in the lake and are thus considered extremophiles—organisms that thrive in conditions unsuitable for most life forms.
Eight different species of nematode found in and around Mono Lake, bringing the lake’s total animal species (not bacteria or algae) count up to 10
The new worm exists in three different sexes: hermaphrodites, females, and males. The hermaphrodites can produce offspring by themselves, but the females and males need to mate in order to produce their young. The females and males are often produced early in the reproductive cycle of the mother, followed by the hermaphrodites.
Mono Lake, Tufa State Natural Reserve, near Lee Vining, California.
Credit: Copyright Michele Hogan
But beyond human health, studying extreme species like the nematodes of Mono Lake contributes to a bigger, global picture of the planet, says Lee.
“It’s tremendously important that we appreciate and develop a curiosity for biodiversity,” he adds, noting that the team had to receive special permits for their field work at the lake. “The next innovation for biotechnology could be out there in the wild. A new biodegradable sunscreen, for example, was discovered from extremophilic bacteria and algae. We have to protect and responsibly utilize wildlife.”
Eight different species of nematode found in and around Mono Lake, bringing the lake’s total animal species (not bacteria or algae) count up to 10.
Credit: Caltech
The paper is titled, “Newly Identified Nematodes from Mono Lake Exhibit Extreme Arsenic Resistance.” Shih and Lee are co-first authors on the study; Shih is now a postdoctoral fellow at Columbia University and Lee is now a postdoctoral fellow at The Rockefeller University. In addition to Shih, Lee, and Sternberg, other co-authors are Ryoji Shinya of Meiji University in Japan, Natsumi Kanzaki of the Kansai Research Center in Japan, Andre Pires da Silva of the University of Warwick in the UK, former Caltech Summer Undergraduate Research Fellow student Jean Marie Badroos now of UC Berkeley, and Elizabeth Goetz and Amir Sapir of the University of Haifa in Israel. Funding was provided by the Amgen Scholars Program, the Leverhulme Trust, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
An odd worm with three sexes (inset) was recently discovered in Mono Lake in California.
Jellyfish are animals that possess the unique ability to regenerate body parts. A team of Japanese scientists has now revealed the cellular mechanisms that give jellyfish these remarkable “superpowers.”
Their findings were published on August 26, 2019 in PeerJ.
“Currently our knowledge of biology is quite limited because most studies have been performed using so-called model animals like mice, flies, worms and fish etc. Given that millions of species exist on the earth, it is important to study various animals and broaden our knowledge,” said Yuichiro Nakajima, Assistant Professor at the Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University in Japan, and corresponding author of the study.
“Jellyfish are one of such animals with interesting biological features,” Nakajima said. “For example, they have stinging cells, called cnidocytes, to capture prey.”
Cladonema jellyfish have branched tentacles
Credit: ⒸSosuke Fujita, Tohoku University Cnidarian jellyfish – named for their stinging cells – have existed on the earth for more than 500 million years. They form part of a unique group of animals that are not bilaterally symmetrical and also possess the capacity to regenerate body parts — a trait most of the complex animals, including humans, have lost. These early-diverging primitive animals could play a pivotal role in helping us better understand the evolutionary biology of bilaterally symmetrical animals, like us humans.
For their study, the researchers used Cladonema pacificum — a jellyfish species from the Cnidaria phylum that has branching tentacles — to investigate the spatial pattern of cell proliferation and their roles during jellyfish development and regeneration, aiming to establish the cellular basis of these phenomena. “With easy lab maintenance and a high spawning rate, Cladonema is suitable for studying various aspects of jellyfish biology,” Nakajima explained.
To investigate the role of cell proliferation following food uptake in determining body-size growth, appendage shape, and regeneration in Cladonema jellyfish, the researchers examined the distribution of cells that play a key role in DNA replication through cell division, producing new ‘daughter’ cells that are identical to the original ‘parent’ cell. They found spatially distinct groups of proliferating cells in the medusa (sexual) life-stage, with cell proliferation in the umbrella-shaped portion of their body being uniform, while cell proliferation in the tentacles was clustered.
Cladonema polyp give rise to jellyfish
Credit: ⒸSosuke Fujita, Tohoku University
After withholding food or blocking cell proliferation using a cell-cycle inhibiting agent, the researchers found body size growth was inhibited, and they also observed defects in tentacle branching, differentiation of stem cells into stinging cells, and regeneration. These results suggest that free-swimming adult jellyfish in the sexual stage possess actively proliferating cells that play a key role in controlling body-size, tentacle shape, and regeneration.
Additionally, the researchers found that when food was not available, the jellyfish exhibited a gradual decrease in body size after 24 hours, suggesting they are sensitive to food availability and are able to adapt to metabolic changes in response to environmental conditions.
“We are currently trying to understand the molecular mechanisms of Cladonema development and regeneration,” said Sosuke Fujita, a master student in the Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, and the first author of the study. “Based on this research, molecular control of cell proliferation is the key to deciphering jellyfish growth and regeneration.
According to Nakajima, the researchers also plan to investigate the differences between the two different adult stages in jellyfish: medusae (sexual) and polyps (asexual). “For these purposes, we will identify gene expression changes associated with different developmental and regeneration contexts and plan to introduce genetic tools for manipulation of genes.”
Contacts and sources:
Yuichiro Nakajima
Tohoku University
Citation:
Cell proliferation controls body size growth, tentacle morphogenesis, and regeneration in hydrozoan jellyfish Cladonema pacificum Sosuke Fujita, Erina Kuranaga, Yu-ichiro Nakajima http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7579
Fleet of mysterious lights appear above sea near North Carolina filmed from a ferry
Fleet of mysterious lights appear above sea near North Carolina filmed from a ferry
William Guy was on a ferry traveling from Ocracoke Village to Swan Quarters North Carolina on September 18, 2019 when he noticed a fleet of strange bright lights in the sky on which he started to record the strange event.
William said that that there were about 25 people on the ferry with him that have seen it too and they also recorded the fleet of lights and none has ever seen it before.
We may assume that these lights are not flares since no soure can be found in the entire area that may have fired flares.
Space alien enthusiasts got confirmation from the US Government that unidentified flying objects (UFOs) have invaded the country’s airspace. Blink 182 frontman Tom DeLonge shared videos of UFOs on their YouTube Page of To The Stars…Academy of Arts and Science. Now, the Navy confirmed that these videos feature unidentified aerial phenomena.
The first UFO called Gimbal was caught on video on January 21, 2015. The videos also show a Navy F/A-18 Super Hornet pilots trying to figure out what they are spotting. The other videos were also made public showing the UFOs.
The United States Navy confirmed the videos’ authenticity. Joseph Gradisher, the Deputy Chief of Naval Operations for Information Warfare’s official spokesperson, described the aerial objects as unidentified aerial phenomena (UAP). He explained why the term UAP is used instead of UFO. He said that the UAP terminology is used because it offers the necessary descriptor for the observations/sightings of unidentified/unauthorized objects/aircraft that have been spotted operating/entering in the airspace of several military-controlled training facilities.
The Navy spokesman also revealed that the number of incursions has increased since the advents of quadcopters and drones.
Susan Gough, the spokesperson of the Pentagon, made it clear the videos weren’t supposed to be released to the public, and it is not known until this time how TTSA got its hands on them.
Before this confirmation, the government had only ever been in denial or secretive about alien life.
Area 51 raid aftermath: What happened at Area 51? Internet asks 'how many people died?'
Area 51 raid aftermath: What happened at Area 51? Internet asks 'how many people died?'
STORM AREA 51, the most talked-about online prank of the year, was pulled off last week after months of hype – but what happened at Area 51 and did anyone get hurt or die at the Area 51 raid?
More than 2.1 million pledged to storm Area 51to “see them aliens” but only a handful turned up in the Nevada desert on Friday, September 20. The Area 51 raid began as an online Facebook event organised by California-based internet prankster Matty Roberts, 21, on June 27 this year. By July, the event gained traction among online communities and UFO enthusiasts with 2.1 million confirming their attendance and another 1.5 million showing interest. The original “Storm Area 51, They Can’t Stop All of Us” event was cancelled and moved to Las Vegas but the move did not deter small groups of people from visiting the US Air Force base.
Despite warnings from the US military about approaching the “open training range” up to 100 people congregated outside the gates to Area 51.
About 2,000 would-be Area 51 raiders also paid visits to the nearby towns of Rachel and Hiko, where they held impromptu parties, campsites in the desert and an alien-themed festival over the weekend.
People showed up wearing fancy costumes, carrying placards and inflatable aliens.
One UFO enthusiast was seen holding a sign calling on the US Government to release the friendly alien ET.
Another woman held a sign that read: “Jesus was an alien.”
Area 51 raid: The US Air Force is a classified military base in the Nevada desert (Image: NC)
One Twitter user also said: "Gotta be honest, I'm pretty disappointed in the death count from the raid on Area 51. I expected more from you guys."
And Caylie Smith tweeted: "So when are people gonna storm Area 51? I’ve been waiting. I can’t even imagine what would happen.
"Probably lots of death but hopefully someone snags an alien and gets out safely."
Thankfully, no has died or been injured at the events outside the US army base.
In total, six arrests were made, including one for public urination and five counts of trespassing.
Area 51 raid: There were no major incidents and people had safe fun outside Area 51
(Image: REUTERS)
Area 51 raid: No more than 200 people showed up outside the US Air Force base
(Image: REUTERS)
According to Lincoln County Sheriff Kerry Lee, the crowds were “very manageable for emergency services”.
He said: “They did threaten that they were going to storm.
“Once officers warned them about the consequences for storming the base, they did have second thoughts.”
The sheriff added: “The crowd has been very good. Officers have been mingling with the crowds and the crowds have been positive and so far it's been really well.”
Nevada Highway Police also responded to a driver hitting a cow.
How did people react to the Area 51 raid event?
The Area 51 raid was met with a wide range of reactions from those who were directly involved in the festivities and those who observed online.
One Twitter user suggested people commemorate the event every year by meeting on September 20 to start an internet tradition.
Another Twitter user suggested people export the event to Europe in a bid to “storm the Vatican”.
Some were, however, disappointed in the low turnout.
Twitter user Yves Jean said: “Raid on Area 51 was a complete bust. About one million people said they would attend and only 50 people showed up.
“Now the whole world knows what it’s like to be a local musician, inviting friends to your next gig.”
Gerespecteerde UFO-groep lijkt buitenaardse voorwerpen te hebben gevonden. Maak je borst maar nat
Gerespecteerde UFO-groep lijkt buitenaardse voorwerpen te hebben gevonden. Maak je borst maar nat
Zanger Tom DeLonge van Blink-182 maakte in 2017 een opvallende carrièreswitch. Hij richtte in dat jaar een organisatie op die onderzoek doet naar aliens.
Het lijkt erop dat de groep nu over bewijs beschikt waaruit blijkt dat ze bestaan, schrijft Futurism.
Onlangs vroeg een journalist van de New York Times aan de organisatie of zij ‘exotisch materiaal van UFO’s’ hebben weten te bemachtigen.
Authentiek
Een woordvoerder antwoordde: “Zeker.”
Het is nog steeds onduidelijk welk soort materiaal de groep van DeLonge precies in handen heeft en of het iets te maken heeft met de drie video’s van ongeïdentificeerde vliegende objecten waar de laatste tijd veel over te doen is geweest.
Pas geleden erkende de Amerikaanse marine dat de UFO-beelden authentiek zijn.
Analyse
“We proberen de best gekwalificeerde individuen van de meest gerespecteerde instituties te vinden om de wetenschappelijke analyse [van het materiaal] uit te voeren,” zei Luis Elizondo, de voormalige UFO-baas van het Pentagon die zich bij de groep van DeLonge heeft aangesloten.
Het kan dus nog wel even duren voordat de analyse afgerond is.
Voorbarige conclusies
“Het laatste wat we willen is voorbarige conclusies trekken,” zei Elizondo tegenover de krant.
“Uiteindelijk bepalen de gegevens wat iets is of niet is,” benadrukte hij.
‘Zwitserse Stonehenge’ ontdek op de bodem van meer. Dit is een sensationele vondst
Foto: Wikimedia Commons
‘Zwitserse Stonehenge’ ontdekt op de bodem van meer. Dit is een sensationele vondst
Archeologen claimen dat een door mensen gemaakt stenencomplex op de bodem van een Europees meer tenminste 5000 jaar oud is.
Lokale media schrijven dat het zogenoemde ‘Zwitserse Stonehenge’ zich in het Bodenmeer bevindt en uit de steentijd stamt.
Sommige van de stenen zijn ruim 2,5 meter breed.
Sensationele vondst
De stenen zijn gevonden aan de Zwitserse kant van het meer, dat in het grensgebied van Oostenrijk, Duitsland en Zwitserland gelegen is.
Een woordvoerder van het departement van archeologie van het kanton Thurgau sprak van een ‘sensationele vondst’.
Met behulp van een schip, dat uitgerust is met een 15 meter lange arm, is materiaal rond de stenen verwijderd om ze te kunnen bestuderen.
Mysterieuze stenen
Uit een analyse is gebleken dat ze zijn neergezet door mensen, aldus archeologen.
In de komende maanden hopen onderzoekers meer te weten te komen over de mysterieuze stenen.
Voorheen dacht men dat de stenen natuurlijke formaties waren, achtergelaten door een gletsjer die zich 18000 jaar geleden in het gebied bevond.
Overeenkomsten
Ook namen onderzoekers in eerste instantie aan dat de formaties uit de bronstijd kwamen.
Onderzoeker Urs Leuzinger zei dat er enkele overeenkomsten zijn met Stonehenge in Engeland. Zo heeft het in beide gevallen heel wat voeten in de aarde gehad om de enorme stenen te verplaatsen.
Detroit Lakes man captures video of a strange figure flying through the sky
Detroit Lakes man captures video of a strange figure flying through the sky
Written By: Hannah Schlosser | Tyler Ziegler
Todd Mitchell, who captured the mysterious black shape in the sky, noted that he shot the video in a spot at the Country Campground identified by the Detroit Lakes Chamber of Commerce as "51."
Todd Mitchell / Special to the Forum
DETROIT LAKES, Minn. — The day after the Area 51 storming, a WDAY News viewer sent in a video that can only be described as strange.
Detroit Lakes man captures video of a strange figure flying through the sky
Todd Mitchell and his wife own and run the Country Campground just south of Detroit Lakes.
Mitchell was trying to get video of the lightening from storms on Friday, Sept. 20.
On a re-watch he noticed he'd captured what appears to be an odd, black shape seemingly flying through the sky before it vanishes into thin air.
Initially you may think it's just a bug, but the figure comes back and if you watch closely it looks like it flies through a cloud.
He said going back a couple minutes further in the recording he saw the shape dart across the camera again.
Mitchell sent in the video hoping someone could help identify the shape.
Mitchell added the reference to Area 51 is ironic and something he's always joked about.
He said the Detroit Lakes Chamber of Commerce marks the Country Campground as spot 51 on the area's map.
If you know what this could be, let us know!
Todd Mitchell, who captured the mysterious black shape in the sky, noted that he shot the video in a spot at the Country Campground identified by the Detroit Lakes Chamber of Commerce as "51." Todd Mitchell / Special to the Forum
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
Man legt vreemde, zwarte figuur vast die door de lucht vliegt. Wat is dit in hemelsnaam?
Foto: YouTube/Todd Mitchell
Man legt vreemde, zwarte figuur vast die door de lucht vliegt. Wat is dit in hemelsnaam?
Op de dag na de bestorming van Area 51 kreeg een lokale Amerikaanse tv-zender een video toegestuurd waarin een
vreemd object kan worden gezien.
Todd Mitchell en zijn vrouw zijn eigenaar van een kampeerterrein even ten zuiden van de stad Detroit Lakes.
Op vrijdag 20 september probeerde Mitchell bliksemschichten vast te leggen tijdens onweer.
Vreemde, zwarte vorm
Toen hij de beelden terugkeek, kwam hij tot de ontdekking dat hij een vreemde, zwarte vorm had vastgelegd die door de lucht vloog en uiteindelijk in het niets verdween.
De figuur vliegt op een bepaald moment door de wolken, wat betekent dat het geen insect kan zijn.
Plek 51
Mitchell stuurde de video op in de hoop dat iemand hem kan helpen om de vorm te identificeren.
Heeft Detroit Lakes zijn eigen Area 51? Mitchell zei dat de Kamer van Koophandel van Detroit Lakes zijn kampeerterrein op de landkaart als plek 51 heeft aangeduid.
We’re approaching the anniversary of the October 11, 1973 — the day Calvin Parker and Charles Hickson alleged they had been abducted by a UFO, and Parker’s latest book about it, “Pascagoula – The Story Continues: New Evidence and New Witnesses,” has just been released, so it almost seems like a publicity stunt that Parker recently underwent his third hypnosis session concerning the event. The first two were in 1973 (just days after the alleged abduction) and in 1993. While all three allowed Parker’s subconscious to confirm what he saw, the last one added a new piece to this puzzling case.
“When she turned around and looked she didn’t have a face this time.”
Faceless?
According to transcripts of the 2019 hypnosis session published in the new book and previewed by The Daily Star, UFO researcher and author Kathleen Marden hypnotized Parker on September 14 and he revealed some startling new information – when he was 9 he was contacted by a mysterious woman … a woman he’d seen from behind before, so he’d never noticed that she had no face! (Photo of the hypnosis session here.) Still under regressive hypnosis, Parker told Marden he saw the woman again when he was 12 or 13, but time she had a face – or at least a mouth – because she had “very relaxing smile” and “tried to get me to come over.” Fortunately, he didn’t. Unfortunately, the next time he saw her, he had no choice.
“She got me off the table, and, more or less effortlessly picked me up and put me up against the wall over there. And started pushing my head back and wanted to put her finger in my nose for some reason. I don’t know what it is about my nose, but they always wanted to put their finger in my nose. And I started bleeding and I was in a lot of pain. I’ve never felt pain like that. It felt like electricity going all through my body.”
Parker next told Marden that he was fishing alone in a boat in 1993 when he was abducted into a cloud and woke up on a table with the same faceless woman hovering over him. When she was done with this unusual (for an alien abduction) probing, the faceless female flopped the still-bleeding Parker back into the boat. Once home, Parker told his wife the injuries and upset condition he was in were due to “boat trouble.” The interview in The Daily Star reveals no more, so let’s hope the book has the loose ends tied up.
The first loose end would be this new female alien. Those who know the details of the Pascagoula Abduction will recall that Parker and Hickson described their abductors as grey male humanoids about five feet tall with a nose and a slit mouth, but no eyes. They also reported that the aliens landed in a football-shaped craft. Parker’s newly-revealed encounters are with a female alien with no face (although possibly a smiling mouth) in a cloud. However, in later years, Parker has claimed he’s slowly gotten other memories (not under hypnosis) from the 1973 abduction and thinks there may have been a female onboard, and the probing may have been more sexual in nature.
Are all of Parker’s alien contacts somehow connected? That would seem likely, since many others who have had multiple alien contacts over a long time span generally say it’s the same aliens or at least the same alien species each time. You’ll just have to read “Pascagoula – The Story Continues: New Evidence and New Witnesses” to find out more.
When most of us get the urge to watch some violence and explosions on a grand scale, we head to the nearest cinema for the latest action thriller. When astronomers get that urge, they head to the nearest space telescope and look for the latest tidal disruption event (TDE). This don’t happen nearly as often as Vin Diesel flicks, but astronomers assure us that watching black holes consume stars that dare to violate their space is much more satisfying. This only happens about once every 10,000 to 100,000 years in a galaxy the size of the Milky Way and they’ve managed to see about 40 of them. However, they’ve never seen one like ASASSN-19bt, which they recently watched shred a star into solar spaghetti strands before twirling it on a cosmic fork and slurping it down. (Note to self – never write while hungry.)
Before we go any further, let’s address the obvious — ASASSN-19bt would be a great name for a killer movie robot, the Tidal Disruptions would make a great name for a band and the Tidal Disruption Event would be a super name for a monster truck rally on a beach.
ASASSN-19bt (Credit: NASA)
Back to ASASSN-19bt. Its discovery was an accident by astronomers from Carnegie Observatories using NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and a worldwide network of robotic telescopes headquartered at The Ohio State University called ASAS-SN (All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae).
“We’ve been closely monitoring the regions of the sky where TESS is observing with our ASAS-SN telescopes, but we were very lucky with this event in that the patch of the sky where TESS is continuously observing is small, and in that this happened to be one of the brightest TDEs we’ve seen. Due to the quick ASAS-SN discovery and the incredible TESS data, we were able to see this TDE much earlier than we’ve seen others — it gives us some new insight into how TDEs form.”
Patrick Vallely, National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellow at Ohio State and co-author of the paper on the discovery published this week in The Astrophysical Journal, described the lucky discovery in an OSU press release. Chris Kochanek, a professor of astronomy at OSU, explains the odds of finding a TDE, which can only occur if the black hole is extremely close to a star — about the distance from Earth to the Sun.
“Imagine that you are standing on top of a skyscraper downtown, and you drop a marble off the top, and you are trying to get it to go down a hole in a manhole cover. It’s harder than that.”
The key, according to Thomas Holoien in the press release by Carnegie Observatories, was to look for the telltale cosmic burp of bright light that a black hole belches as it consumes its plate of solar spaghetti.
“Only a handful of TDEs have been discovered before they reached peak brightness and this one was found just a few days after it started to brighten; plus, thanks to it being in what’s called TESS’ ‘Continuous Viewing Zone,’ we have observations of it every 30 minutes going back months—more than ever before possible for one of these events. This makes ASASSN-19bt the new poster child for TDE research.”
The “new poster child for TDE research.” What an honor … at least among astronomers. Actually, it’s well-deserved because of ASASSN-19bt’s unusual characteristics. Its home galaxy (2MASX J07001137-6602251, located around 375 million light-years away in the constellation Volans) is younger and more dust-filled than has previously been observed for other TDE events and its growth to extreme brightness was very smooth – unlike the choppiness of non-TDE cosmic events. While the black hole today weighs around 6 million times our sun’s mass, when it was a star it was about the same size as the Sun.
Ladies and gentlemen! Let’s hears some noise for the Tidal Disruptions!
Strange matter is, well, strange. And terrifying. It’s a type of quark matter (matter at such extreme conditions that the normal rules break down) that could theoretically act like a combination of Kurt Vonnegut’s ice-nine and the nanobot “gray goo” apocalypse scenario. Strange matter is a hyper-dense type of matter that does one thing: turn everything it touches into strange matter. Under the right conditions. Scientists have created strange matter in particle accelerators but the lab-grown strange matter quickly decays with no threat to us or the planet. Yet. But research has suggested that strange matter may be able to exist in a stable state inside the hyper-dense, hyper-weird interiors of neutron stars, and new research suggests that there may be entire star systems composed entirely of strange matter.
Research suggests that neutron stars may be so dense that the neutrons they’re made of could break down into a soup of quarks (the constituent parts of sub-atomic particles). It’s theorized that at the center of these weirdos, the pressure may cause half of the “down-quarks” to convert into strange-quarks (hey, I didn’t make up these names) which, in turn instantly convert the entire neutron star into a strange soup. Further it’s believed that these strange quark stars could periodically spit out a clump of strange matter that, if pulled into the gravity of another neutron star in a binary star system, would change that entire neutron star into a strange quark star in just one millisecond.
As if neutron stars couldn’t get any weirder. Now they say neutron stars can be quite literally “strange.”
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
Scientists in China have recently detected multiple candidates they say might be potential “strange planets” orbiting pulsars (an even weirder type of rapidly spinning neutron star). Normal planets have a density no more than 1,870 lbs. per cubic foot, while strange planets would have an average density of 25 million billion lbs. per cubic foot. Million billion, that’s right. So heavy it makes you sound like a babbling infant. These extreme densities would make it so strange planets could come close enough to the pulsar they orbit around to nearly skim the surface without being ripped apart by the pulsar’s extreme gravity.
It’s this characteristic that the scientists used to identify these potential strange planets. A series of potential candidates were found orbiting their stars much closer, and in two cases slower, than they should be able to if they were normal exoplanets.
Another series of potential strange planets were found orbiting what may be “strange quark dwarf stars”, which are the strange-matter-assimilated versions of white dwarf stars, stars that have burned out most of their fuel and collapsed into compact, white-hot retirement.
In the end, isn’t it all just a strange soup?
But until they can measure potential gravity wave emissions from these strange planet candidates, researchers say that there’s a chance they may just be looking at other white dwarf stars. It seems unlikely, though, as white dwarfs range from 150 to 1,200 times the mass of Jupiter, and these potential strange planets all have less than 10 Jupiter masses.
To know for sure, the scientists propose using the ongoing Advanced LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory) project and the future Einstein Telescope to measure their gravitational waves. Anything as dense as strange planets would be would cause rippling warps in the space-time continuum that should be able to be detected. Until then though we’ll probably continue to try making strange matter in the Large Hadron Collider and hope we don’t all turn into strange soup.
A gigantic planet that “shouldn’t exist” is baffling scientists. Located 31 light-years away from Earth is a large gas planet called GJ 3512b. What’s so strange about the planet is that it’s approximately half the size of Jupiter and it orbits a star that’s eight times smaller than our own Sun.
Planets that huge are already quite rare, but to orbit such a small star makes this planet an even bigger mystery. In fact, it’s so large that it couldn’t have been born the same way that other planets form. Scientists from Switzerland, Spain, and Germany are left completely baffled as to how GJ 3512b was formed and could ultimately cause astronomers to re-evaluate how all planets are born.
Professor Christoph Mordasini, who is a scientist at the University of Bern, explained, “Around such stars there should only be planets the size of the Earth or somewhat more massive Super-Earths,” adding, “GJ 3512b, however, is a giant planet with a mass about half as big as Jupiter’s.”
GJ 3512b is around half the size of Jupiter.
The planet, which is made up of gas and dust, was discovered by space scientists who were using a telescope at the Calar Alto Observatory in the southern part of Spain. It orbits its tiny red dwarf star every 204 days.
Ordinarily, planets form when rocks and dust combine together by a star’s gravitational pull. The planets continue to grow until they are big enough to retain their own atmospheric gas. However, studies conducted by the scientific team indicate that GJ 3512b couldn’t have been born in that manner because its star is way too small to have the gravitational pull that would have been required for the planet to form.
The team said that after a disc of rock and dust that was orbiting the star had “collapsed under its own gravity”, that’s probably when the planet began forming. It was previously thought that the type of planet formation called gravitational instability had been a rare occurrence, but scientists now think that it’s actually not that uncommon. You can read their entire study in the journal Science.
Artist’s version of a gas exoplanet.
Juan Carlos Morales, who is an astronomer at the Autonomous University of Barcelona, and was involved with the discovery, told New Scientist, “This is the first time that we have a clear detection of a planet where the only possible way to explain it is gravitational instability.”
With more than 4,000 exoplanets discovered so far, it’s very likely that scientists will find more unusual planets like GJ 3512b.
Secret Space Program, E.T. Alien Control & Mass Hypnosis via Dr. Michael Salla
Secret Space Program, E.T. Alien Control & Mass Hypnosis via Dr. Michael Salla
Dr. MICHAEL SALLA, Author, Lecturer and founder of the Exopolitics Institute and the Exopolitics Journal is the guest on this compelling, eye-opening and fascinating edition of AGE OF TRUTH TV, interviewed by Lucas Alexander. 2 hour and 35 minutes of mind-blowing and extraordinary alternative information about our world, the inner world and other worlds – the secret agendas on planet Earth and all over the universe. Dr. Michael Salla is sharing an incredible amount of information from his perspective, as a legendary UFO researcher and founder of Exopolitics, when going into numerous controversial topics during this interview.
SELECTED TOPICS DISCUSSED:
- The Secret Space Program – UFO´s & THE ALIEN AGENDA – Intergalactic Extra-Terrestrial races and species – DRACONIAN REPTILIAN OVERLORDS and the ARCHONS – Greys, Mantis beings, Tall Whites, Nordics, Pleiadians, Andromeans, A.I. Aliens + m.m. – The Anunnaki – Zechariah Sitchin and Erich von Dâniken. – New World Order control agenda. – The ILLUMINATI. – Satanism and Satanic blood rituals. – STORM AREA 51 (what is going on ar Area 51?). Military underground bases. – Hybrids and Clones. Grey genetical modifcation. – Atlantis and Lemuria. – Nikola Tesla meeting with aliens. – Internal fighting between UFOlogists and researchers? Why? – Is COREY GOODE´S story real? – The BILLY MEIER pictures/story! Real or fake? – The BOB LAZAR story? Who is he? – JOHN LEAR! – DAVID ICKE and the shapeshifting royal family. – MJ 12 (Majestic 12). – INNER EARTH CIVILISATIONS (Hollow Earth and advanced beings inside the planet). – Was Admiral Birds experiences true or false?
- The Cold War charade. – Climate Change. – THE 5G A.I. MIND CONTROL IMPLEMENTATION. – MARS COLONIES (Mars civilisation). – Donald Trump offering to buy Greenland from Denmark (Greenland military bases). – Reptilian brain and DNA in humans. – Shapeshifting aliens. – Mind Control MK Ultra brainwashing and MASS HYPNOSIS. – Remote Viewing & Psychic Intelligence. – Exoarcheology and Ancient Civilisation. – Roswell 1947 UFO crash and REVERSE ENGINEERING. – The “dangers” of channelling.
…………….all this and MUCH MORE on this edition of AGE OF TRUTH TV with Dr. Michael Salla in conversation with AOT TV investigative reporter Lucas Alexander. Salla joining the show from Hawaii. Filmed on the 24th September 2019.
I was searching through some photos on Wikipedia and found some interesting buildings in a Mercury photo. There are dozens of craters in the one photo and over half have something at its center that look like buildings. Now we don't know what structure types that aliens would design their buildings to look like, but I assume they are they kinds of objects that stand out. Much like these in the video I made. Please check it out to see more alien bases in craters in this Wiki photo. Scott C. Waring
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:Ruins, strange artifacts on other planets, moons, ed ( Fr, EN, NL )
Elon Musk claims that alien life doesn't exists in the entire galaxy
Elon Musk claims that alien life doesn't exists in the entire galaxy
Elon Musk says that he doesn’t believe alien life exists, not on Earth and even not in the entire galaxy. He made the bold claim on stage on Saturday night while unveiling his Starship rocket prototype Mark-1 in Texas.
SpaceX's Starship and Super Heavy launch vehicle is a fully, rapidly reusable transportation system designed to carry both crew and cargo to Earth orbit, the Moon, Mars, and anywhere else in the solar system.
“Man, I’m pretty sure I’d know if there were aliens. I’ve not seen any signs of aliens but there might be other life, but we’ve seen no signs of it and as far as we know, we are the only consciousness or the only life that’s out there", Musk said.
Many people did not believe his statement that extraterrestrial life would not exist throughout the galaxy and branded him a "liar" for his dismissal, reports RT.
Elon Musk starts talking about extrateerestrial life at the 37,28 mark in the next video.
As we venture onto the moons of Jupiter and Saturn to look deep below their frozen surface, might we find new forms of life there?
By Mico Tatalovic
Recent discoveries have led astrobiologists to think that moons are the most promising places for alien life to exist in our Solar System. And now several major space missions are being planned over the next decade to search for hints of life there.
Unlike our neighbouring planets, some of the moons have plenty of liquid water. Jupiter’s moon, Europa, for example, is thought to contain more liquid water than all of Earth's oceans combined. This water – and any life in it – is protected from space radiation and asteroid impacts by a thick layer of kilometers-deep surface ice.
The discovery of plumes of water shooting up from Saturn’s moon Enceladus and Europa have suggested they could have warm interiors that can support liquid oceans, heated not by the Sun, but by an internal dynamo powered by radioactive decay in their cores or by tidal heating generated by the gravitational attraction of the planets that they orbit.
There is now evidence for water oceans on several moons, including Europa, Enceladus, Callisto and Ganymede. One study published this June estimates that the Enceladus ocean is around one billion years old. Others have suggested it may be billions of years old – plenty of time for life to evolve.
These oceans are thought to be salty, containing sodium chloride, like Earth’s oceans, which is another boost for the prospects of Earth-like life.
Also, there is likely to be an interface between the liquid water and the rocky mantle below the oceans – key ingredients for interesting chemistry that scientists think led to the origins of life on Earth. Nasa’s Cassini mission, for example, detected molecules in Enceladus’ water plumes that hint at the existence of hydrothermal vents on the moon’s ocean floor.
Our visions of alien ocean life may be too informed by some of the strange lifeforms that inhabit our own planet
(Credit: Getty Images)
Similar vents exist in the deep oceans of the Earth, where magma meets salt water and provides heat, chemicals and a substrate helpful for the complex chemistry some scientists think was needed for life to first evolve on our planet. Deep below the surface of Earth’s ocean, there is practically no sunlight, as would be the case for oceans of Jupiter and Saturn’s moons. But that doesn’t mean there is no life. Indeed, on Earth, such vents are teeming with life.
Some 20 years ago Natural History of an Alien, a BBC documentary, suggested that entire ecosystems could also be based around deep-sea thermal vents on Europa. A team of scientists suggested that bacteria would form the base of the food chain, using chemosynthesis to extract energy from the vents, and building tall tubes of deposits rising many miles above the ocean floor.
Even on Earth, for some 90% of our planet’s history the only life that existed here was microbial
Other creatures, such as fish-like grazers would pierce those tubes to suck in large amounts of bacteria to feed on. They would be territorial, defending their grazing patches against rivals. And, in turn, they would be preyed upon by shark-like animals, streamlined for speed, using echolocation to detect their prey.
This is much more advanced than what most scientists expect to find there.
Even on Earth, for some 90% of our planet’s history, the only life that existed here was microbial, says Andrew Knoll, a professor of earth and planetary sciences at Harvard University. So, if there is life in space, chances are it’s going to be microbial, Knoll says, and in places like Europa or Enceladus it would have to rely entirely on chemosynthesis for energy, so could probably only support a small biomass.
Plumes of water have been pictured shooting up from the surface of Saturn's moon Enceladus
(Credit: Getty Images)
But such an ecosystem might still be possible, says Dimitar Sasselov, an astronomy professor and director of the Harvard Origins of Life Initiative, a centre supporting multi-disciplinary research to discover whether life is abundant in the universe. Just because Europa’s ocean is cold and lacking in energy, doesn’t necessarily rule out complex ecosystems of a smaller size evolving there.
“Speculating is fun,” Sasselov says. “My gut feeling is that there is a lot of evolutionary innovation space possible there where you can have something which is small and yet predatory and is a multicellular organism rather than just a single cell.”
Another moon we’re planning to visit presents a whole different puzzle.
If there is life, it would rely on methane, not water, and would be exotic – life as we don’t know it
Saturn’s moon, Titan, is the only world beyond Earth known to have stable bodies of liquid on its surface. When the Huygens probe from the Cassini mission landed there in 2005, it sent back pictures of an Earth-like landscape: river beds and seas.
But rather than water, the clouds, rain and seas of Titan are made up of liquid methane and ethane, components of natural gas on Earth. Any water that does exist there is solidified into rocks and mountains because its surface temperature is around -180C (-292F).
This means that, while its landscape might look familiar, the actual conditions are totally alien. If there is life, it would rely on methane, not water, and would be exotic – life as we don’t know it. True aliens.
It is possible and plausible that life exists on Titan, but with a “completely different, independent biochemistry”, says Sasselov, whose long-term goal is to figure out if there is an alternative biochemistry and how to create it in the lab.
The life which swarms around deep sea vents on Earth may be a clue as to what life may look like at the bottom of alien seas.
(Credit: Getty Images)
Life on Earth depends on cell membranes made of phospholipids: molecular chains with phosphorus-oxygen heads and carbon-chain tails that bind to each other to form a flexible membrane in water.
Methane-based life would need an alternative way to form cells.
Since then, Nasa researchers have confirmed the presence of vinyl cyanide in Titan’s atmosphere, an organic compound that could provide such cellular membranes. So, at least in theory, cells that could form a very different life in Titan’s vast methane oceans could physically exist there.
We really don’t know what are the limits of life - David Charbonneau
“In some respects, what we see here on Earth is a matter of chance,” says Theresa Fisher, astrobiologist at Arizona State University, US. There’s an “enormous amount of potential variety” that we could see in life on other worlds, she says.
"There might emerge a fluorescence of new and very diverse organisms occupying a range of new niches,” adds Sarah Blaffer Hrdy, a professor emerita in anthropology at the University of California, Davis. "Assuming any of these creatures evolve to be as social, intelligent and communicative as say cetaceans or elephants, and as manipulative, dexterous and clever as chimpanzees or orangutans, I see no reason why they could not eventually evolve more sophisticated technological and cultural capacities.”
Lauren Sallan, a palaeontologist at the University of Pennsylvania, thinks alien life will be microbial – and there’re only so many ways to be a microbe.
As far as multicellular aliens are concerned, she says, things may get more complicated. “We would recognise that they’re doing the same kind of jobs because everything is focused on either taking in energy or consuming things to get energy,” she says. “But the way that they go about it would be pretty unpredictable.”
If life does exist in the oceans of moons such as Europa, it will likely be microbial and have to rely on chemosynthesis to provide energy.
(Credit: Getty Images)
“We really don’t know what are the limits of life,” says David Charbonneau, professor of astronomy at Harvard University, who adds that this is why we need to send more probes to examine the moons.
So, it’s good news that there are plans to do just that.
Nasa announced this summer that its Dragonfly mission will launch in 2026 and arrive on Titan in 2034. It will land a drone-like craft to explore dozens of promising locations and look for signs of life.
Nasa is also exploring the possibility of sending an autonomous submarine to study Titan’s largest northern sea, Kraken Mare, which is some 1,000 km (621 miles) wide, with depths estimated at 300m (1,000ft), similar in size to North America’s Great Lakes. This would be the first opportunity to explore a sea on another world, and it could inform the design of future submarines to explore the subsurface waters of Europa and other moons. The mission is still in its conceptual stage, some 20 years away, with scientists and engineers starting to investigate how to even build such a submarine.
But to really figure out what life might exist in these alien oceans, we will need to send a submersible
Intriguingly, Titan is also thought to have a liquid ocean of water deep beneath its icy outer layer, which would mean that in addition to its exotic surface life based on liquid methane, there could exist more Earth-like life under its surface.
Another possibility for layers of different types of life on a single world is Ganymede, Jupiter’s moon. Some scientists think this moon has several different layers of ocean, separated by different types of ice that form at different depths and pressures. If this is the case, each layer could, in theory, host different lifeforms adapted to local conditions at that depth.
Ganymede is set for a visit by the European Space Agency’s 2022 Juice mission, which will also visit two of Jupiter’s other moons – Callisto and Europa – to study their habitability and look for signatures of life.
Meanwhile, Nasa’s Europa Clipper is planning to orbit Jupiter and fly past Europa multiple times to investigate whether it could harbour conditions suitable for life, with a take-off date of 2023. Nasa is also discussing sending a lander to Europa, as early as 2025.
Saturn's moons may be freezing cold, but there is still liquid water under the thick expanses of ice
(Credit: Getty Images)
And, there is a private, Nasa-backed plan for a mission to Enceladus to look for life there that could take off in 2025 if it gets the green light later this year.
But to really figure out what life might exist in these alien oceans, we will need to send a submersible, which will be tricky as such a vehicle would have to drill through several kilometres of ice to even reach the ocean. Nasa is funding some conceptual studies on how to do that.
It’s also possible there simply isn’t any life there yet
One concept, for a nuclear-powered “tunnelbot” to search for life on Europa, was presented at a 2018 meeting of the American Geophysical Union in Washington DC, by scientists at the University of Illinois at Chicago and Nasa. Their bot would sample ice and water as it descended, sending information back to the surface through a fibre optic cable.
But, if lifeforms there turn out to be truly alien, we might struggle to detect them. It’s also possible there simply isn’t any life there yet.
In the distant future, though, some five billion years from now, when our Sun runs out of hydrogen fuel and starts expanding into a red giant phase before it eventually dies, it will melt the ice on these moons and turn them into much more Earth-like places. There should be liquid water on their surface and more temperate climates, perhaps opening up the possibility of life evolving there then – or at least harbouring refugees from the scorched Earth.
In the distant future, if we are to survive, we will all have to become migrants and hope these newly habitable worlds welcome us as our own world gets too hot for life.
The Incan civilisation built their mountain-topping citadel of Machu Picchu on the intersections of tectonic fault lines deliberately, a researcher has argued.
The setting of the 569-year-old city would have provided an abundance of easy-to-work building stone that was predisposed to fracturing in the direction of the faults.
Additionally, the fault network likely provided a source of water, channelling both fresh- and meltwater to the site and draining away rain during storms.
The finding helps to explain why the Incan city was built in such an inaccessible location — atop a ridge above a river canyon high in the Peruvian Andes.
A number of other Incan settlements are also built atop of the intersection of tectonic faults on the Earth's surface, the researcher added.
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The Incan civilisation built their mountain-topping citadel of Machu Picchu on the intersections of tectonic fault lines deliberately, a researcher has argued
WHAT DO WE KNOW OF MACHU PICCHU?
Machu Picchu is a 15th century Incan citadel, believed to have been built for the Inca emperor Pachacuti (1438–72).
It is located in modern-day Peru's Cusco region, on a 7,970 feet (2,430 metre) -long mountain ridge.
It was built in the classical Inca style, with polished dry-stone walls.
The site was abandoned during the time of the Spanish conquest, but was not discovered by the invading forces.
Geological analysis has suggested that the citadel's location above a network of intersecting tectonic faults was deliberately chosen.
These would have provided an abundance of easy-to-work rock as well as a source of water and drainage.
Geologist Rualdo Menegat of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil combined satellite images of Machu Picchu with field measurements to map out the fractures and faults that underlie the famous UNESCO World Heritage Site.
He found that these tectonic features come in various sizes at the site — ranging from tiny fractures visible in individual blocks of rock to massive-scale faults.
The latter reach up to 109 miles (175 kilometres) in length and have determined the layout of some of the river valleys that cross the region around the Incan citadel.
Some of the faults were created by the tectonic activity which lifted up the Central Andes Mountains across the last eight million years.
Dr Menegat found that these features appear in several sets — with some running in a northeast–southwest direction and others northwest–southeast.
Together, these lines intersect beneath Machu Picchu, creating an 'X' shape.
Dr Menegat also found that the citadel's urban sectors, individuals buildings, stair and surrounding agricultural fields were also all aligned with these major faults.
'The layout clearly reflects the fracture matrix underlying the site,' said Dr Menegat, who added that other Incan cities are also built on the intersection of faults.
These include Cusco, Ollantaytambo and Pisac.
'Each is precisely the expression of the main directions of the site's geological faults,' he added.
Furthermore, Dr Menegat believes that the underlying network of faults and fractures were integral to the construction of Machu Picchu itself.
'The intense fracturing there predisposed the rocks to breaking along these same planes of weakness, which greatly reduced the energy needed to carve them.'
Dr Menegat found that these features appear in several sets — with some running in a northeast–southwest direction and others northwest–southeast. Together, these lines intersect beneath Machu Picchu, creating an 'X' shape
'The layout clearly reflects the fracture matrix underlying the site,' said Dr Menegat, who added that other Incan cities are also built on the intersection of faults
Incan stonework is legendary — the blocks were put together without mortar so perfectly that it is impossible to even slide a credit card between them. Pictured, a wall in Ollantaytambo
The Incas would have taken advantage of this abundance of easily workable building materials, Menegat said.
Machu Picchu's stonework is legendary — the blocks were put together without mortar so perfectly that it is impossible to even slide a credit card between them.
'Machu Picchu's location is not a coincidence,' said Dr Menegat.
'It would be impossible to build such a site in the high mountains if the substrate was not fractured.'
The web of faults beneath Machu Picchu likely furnished the Incan people with other benefits as well, Dr Menegat said — with a water supply being the most beneficial.
'The area's tectonic faults channelled meltwater and rainwater straight to the site,' he added.
Furthermore, Dr Menegat believes that the underlying network of faults and fractures were integral to the construction of Machu Picchu itself
The setting of the 569-year-old city would have provided an abundance of easy-to-work building stone that was predisposed to fracturing in the direction of the faults
Another advantage in building at the Machu Picchu site would have come from how the citadel's high perch effectively isolated it from avalanches and landslides.
These, Dr Menegat explained, are common hazards in this alpine setting.
Alongside this, the fractures beneath the citadel would have helped to drain the settlement during the intense rainstorms which frequently hit the region.
'About two-thirds of the effort to build the sanctuary involved constructing subsurface drainage,' said Dr Menegat.
'The preexisting fractures aided this process and help account for its remarkable preservation.'
'Machu Picchu clearly shows us that the Incan civilisation was an empire of fractured rocks.'
The finding helps to explain why the Incan city was built in such an inaccessible location — atop a ridge above a river canyon high in the Peruvian Andes
LINDA MOULTON HOWE 34 MILLION YEAR OLD STRUCTURE DISCOVERED 2 MILES UNDER ANTARCTICA
LINDA MOULTON HOWE : 34 MILLION YEAR OLD STRUCTURE DISCOVERED 2 MILES UNDER ANTARCTICA
Linda Moulton Howe has been working for two years with an eyewitness who saw something incredible in Antarctica, namely huge structures deep under Antarctic ice.
Only part of the structure has been uncovered so far by archeological teams, with the rest buried under the ice and extending far below.
Ground penetrating radar had shown the structure to be an Octagon in shape, and covering an area of 62 acres.
Archaeologists claim that a range of mysterious man-made stones submerged beneath the surface of an European lake are 5,000 years old.
Local media reports that the so-called 'Swiss Stonehenge' sits 15feet down at the bottom of Lake Constance and is a Neolithic relic, with stones ranging in size up to around 100 inches wide.
The man-made piles of stones were found on the Swiss side of the lake, a 207-square-mile body of water on the borders of Switzerland, Germany and Austria.
Each stone was located at regular intervals running completely parallel to the Swiss shoreline.
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Archaeologists claim that a range of mysterious man-made stones submerged beneath the surface of an European lake are 5,000 years old (pictured)
Local media reports that the so-called 'Swiss Stonehenge' (pictured) sits 15feet down at the bottom of Lake Constance and is a Neolithic relic, with stones ranging in size up to around 100 inches wide
WHAT IS THE SWISS STONEHENGE?
Archaeologists have discovered man-made piles of stones on the Swiss side of Lake Constance.
Around 15feet below the surface of the 207-square-mile lake on the borders of Switzerland, Germany and Austria.
Local media reports that the so-called 'Swiss Stonehenge' sits 15feet down at the bottom of Lake Constance and is a Neolithic relic, with stones ranging in size up to around 100 inches wide.
A ship equipped with a digger with a 15-metre-long arm removed material alongside the stones and revealed the stones.
In the following months, further investigations will be carried out with the hope of discovering more about the artefacts, which will be analysed by an international team of researchers.
A spokesman at the Archaeology Office of the Swiss Canton of Thurgau described the findings as 'sensational' after carrying out excavations of the lake bed.
A ship equipped with a digger with a 15-metre-long arm removed material alongside the stones to reveal them for study.
Analysis of how they were placed shows they were put down by humans and not by nature, archaeologists claim.
Using underwater georadar developed by the Technical University of Darmstadt in Germany, the team of scientists managed to study the lake's sediment and stone deposits in search of the origin and purpose of the formations.
The Archaeology Office wrote: 'With high-frequency electromagnetic pulses, the hidden layer of the lake bed in the vicinity of the stone structures was recorded.'
'It is obvious that the stones of up to 40 centimetres in size rest on the post-glacial, banded lake deposits and clearly above the underlying upper edge of the moraine [a glacially formed accumulation of unconsolidated glacial debris].
'Thus, it is now scientifically proven that the cairns did not originate naturally from the glacier, but were piled up by human hands.'
The man-made piles of stones were found on the Swiss side of Lake Constance, a 207-square-mile lake on the borders of Switzerland, Germany and Austria and work is ongoing to learn more about them
Each stone was located at regular intervals running completely parallel to the Swiss shoreline at a depth of about 15 feet
Analysis of how the rocks (pictured) were placed shows they were placed there by humans and not by nature, archaeologists claim
A spokesman at the Archaeology Office of the Swiss Canton of Thurgau described the findings as 'sensational' after carrying out extensive excavations on the lake bed
The spokesman added: 'The first results produced using carbon dating show that the stones in area 5 were placed there around 5,500 years ago in the Neolithic period.'
In the following months, further investigations will be carried out with the hope of discovering more about the artefacts, which will be analysed by an international team of researchers.
Initially, it was unclear whether the stones were natural formations from the remnants of a glacier which was located in the area 18,000 years ago.
The researchers had originally suspected that the formations were from the Bronze Age dating back to around 1000 BC.
Pictured@ : A piece of Poplar wood retrieved by the divers which may have been used as part of the construction or excavation of the rocks. Experts have confirmed these mysterious piles of stones - compared to an underwater Stonehenge - found at the bottom of Lake Constance are much older than previously thought
Using underwater georadar tech (pictured) developed by the Technical University of Darmstadt in Germany, the team of scientists managed to study the lake's sediment and stone deposits in search of the origin and purpose of the formations
Pictured: The research team on Lake Constance where the Neolithic rocks have been discovered. Experts have confirmed these mysterious piles of stones on the bottom of Lake Constance which have been compared to an 'underwater Stonehenge' were man-made
Currently, there are various theories about the purpose of the stones, such as that they served as weirs, burial mounds or signposted transportation routes.
Urs Leuzinger, a researcher on the project, estimates that at the time of construction, the cairns were located along the shoreline or even in shallow water.
He said: 'I've never really experienced anything like this. Whenever we dig something up, we usually know what it's all about.'
He said that his team 'has no intention to compete with the original Stonehenge', saying that the moniker had been 'chosen by German media' and not by archaeologists.
However, he said that there are some similarities with the Wiltshire monument as it required an equally impressive feat by prehistoric humans to transport such stones.
Dr Leuzinger said: 'After all, our 170 cairns of 500 cubic metres of stones each does bring quite a decent amount to the shores of Lake Constance.'
The cairns were first discovered in 2015 by the Institute for Lake Research in the town of Langenargen in the south-western German state of Baden-Wuerttemberg.
It is thought they would have been near to a settlement of lake dwellings which are much deeper under water perhaps close to what was once a prehistoric shoreline and are yet to be discovered, according to the Thurgau Office for Archaeology.
But they added: 'It may also be the case that the lake dwellings have already eroded away due to the erosion over the years.'
Divers investigating the site have been finding out more about the rocks, including their age.Currently, there are various theories about the purpose of the stones, such as that they served as weirs, burial mounds or signposted transportation routes
A ship equipped with a digger with a 15-metre-long arm removed material alongside the stones and revealed the stones (pictured)
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 73 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
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