Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 12 YEARS AND 11 MONTHS.
ON 06/05/2024 MORE THAN 1.972.210
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THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
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Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
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UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
Gaan we de klimaatverandering op aarde overleven door aardappelen te telen op Mars? Het lijkt een fantasie uit de sciencefictionfilm 'Martian'. Daarin overleeft een op Mars gestrande astronaut door piepers te telen. Maar het is ook een experiment van ruimteagentschap NASA. Dat onderzoekt samen met het Internationaal Aardappelencentrum in Peru (CIP) of het mogelijk is patatten te kweken in de extreme klimaatomstandigheden op de rode planeet. Dat moet ons dan op Aarde ten goede komen.
De aardappel is bestand tegen droogte, extreme hitte en koude, zoute omgevingen en UV-straling. Het is ook één van de meest voedzame gewassen. Aardappelen zitten propvol vitamine C, zink, ijzer, eiwitten en koolhydraten
"Wat je in 'The Martian' ziet, is perfect mogelijk", maakt astrobioloog Julio Valdivia-Silva, de hoofdwetenschapper in het experiment in Peru, zich sterk. Valdivia-Silva en zijn team proberen de omstandigheden op Mars na te bootsen. Onder een koepel creëren ze dezelfde atmosfeer. De aarde bestaat uit zandgrond uit de Pampas de la Joya-woestijn, één van 's werelds droogste en armste ecosystemen op aarde.
Veerkrachtig en voedzaam
Maar waarom precies de aardappel? De veerkracht van de nederige patat, met zijn grote aantal soorten, genotypes en variëteiten, zorgt ervoor dat de aardappel overal kan geteeld worden. Van op zeeniveau tot op 4.700 meter hoogte. De aardappel is bestand tegen droogte, extreme hitte en koude, zoute omgevingen en UV-straling. Het is ook één van de meest voedzame gewassen. Aardappelen zitten propvol vitamine C, zink, ijzer, eiwitten en koolhydraten.
Min 153 graden
Maar de onherbergzaamheid van Mars, dat is toch andere koek. De temperaturen op de rode planeet lopen fel uiteen, van 20 graden aan de evenaar tijdens de zomer tot min 153 graden aan de polen. De atmosfeer bestaat voor 95% uit koolstofdioxide, 3% stikstof en slechts 0,13% zuurstof. Komt daarbij dat de stoffige planeet geen grondwater heeft en er winden tot 90 per uur staan. Lees verder onder de foto
In het Peruviaanse aardappelcentrum worden 4.500 soorten aardappelen getest, voornamelijk uit Peru. Er zijn zo veel variëteiten dat sommige geen naam maar slechts een code dragen. Eén van die variëteiten zou wel eens de juiste genetische opmaak kunnen hebben om op Mars te overleven
Maar Jan Kreuze, hoofdviroloog aan het aardappelcentrum in Peru, gelooft dat het mogelijk moet zijn om aardappelen te telen op Mars. "Aardappelen zullen Mars kunnen koloniseren nog voor de mens dat doet", stelt hij.
Een bijkomende uitdaging is dat de zwaartekracht op Mars slechts een derde bedraagt van die op Aarde. Daarop kan tijdens het experiment niet getest worden, maar de aardappel heeft tegenover andere gewassen het bijkomende voordeel dat hij ondergronds groeit.
4.500 soorten
In het Peruviaanse aardappelcentrum worden 4.500 soorten aardappelen getest, voornamelijk uit Peru. Er zijn zo veel variëteiten dat sommige geen naam maar slechts een code dragen. Eén van die variëteiten zou wel eens de juiste genetische opmaak kunnen hebben om op Mars te overleven.
Andespatatten en genetisch gemodificeerde
In het NASA-experiment worden 100 variëteiten gebruikt. Daarvan zijn er 40 afkomstig uit het Andesgebergte, de geboorteplek van de aardappel. Die groeien in verschillende ecologische zones en kunnen tegen abrupte klimaatveranderingen. Ze kunnen ook in zeer droge grond groeien. De andere 60 zijn genetisch gemodificeerde variëteiten die immuun zijn voor virussen en kunnen overleven met extreem weinig water.
Indien het experiment succesvol is, zullen de geselecteerde aardappelen cryogeen bevroren worden om te verhinderen dat ze tijdens de lange reis naar Mars beginnen ontkiemen. Een enkele reis naar Mars zou immers negen maanden duren. De aardappelen zouden door robots kunnen geteeld worden in een koepel op Mars. Dit in afwachting van toekomstige bemande missies naar Mars. Lees verder onder de foto
Het experiment heeft twee doelstellingen: uitvissen welke variëteit het best klimaatverandering overleeft en een groente vinden die toekomstige astronauten kan voeden
Astrobioloog Valdivia-Silva
Het experiment heeft twee doelstellingen, verklaart Valdivia-Silva: "Uitvissen welke variëteit het best klimaatverandering overleeft en een groente vinden die toekomstige astronauten kan voeden".
Voedselzekerheid
Op het vlak van voedselzekerheid kent de aardappel zijn gelijke niet. De pieper groeit snel en produceert meer calorieën per eenheden energie, grond en water dan eender welk gewas. Indien hij op Mars kan groeien, kan hij de zwaarste omstandigheden op Aarde ook aan, zo luidt de redenering.
Klimaat op Aarde Het aardappelcentrum in Peru zal onderzoeken hoe aardappelen het doen in steeds extremer wordende klimaatomstandigheden. De klimaatverandering zorgt al voor meer droogtes en overstromingen en maakt oogsten almaar kwetsbaarder voor ziektes en ongedierte, in het bijzonder in regio's waar al armoede en ondervoeding heerst.
Buitenaardse landbouw voor menselijke kolonies in de ruimte mag dan nog science fiction zijn, volgens Kreuze is het experiment dat allerminst. "Onze belangrijkste doelstelling is niet aardappelen gaan kweken op Mars, maar hier op Aarde. In het bijzonder in ontwikkelende landen".
Talloze schepen en vliegtuigen verdwenen op mysterieuze wijze van de aardbol in de Bermudadriehoek tussen Miami, de Bermuda-eilanden en Puerto Rico. Van de USS Cyclops, de boot met 300 passagiers die in 1918 spoorloos verdween, tot Flight 19, die na een trainingsoefening nooit meer werd teruggevonden. Er zijn zelfs geschriften waaruit blijkt dat Columbus moeilijkheden ondervond in de driehoek. Sommigen gaan uit van duistere krachten, anderen zijn ervan overtuigd dat aliens er voor iets tussen zitten. Maar er lijkt nu toch een wetenschappelijke uitleg te zijn.
Dat er zoveel schepen verdwijnen in de Bermudadriehoek, zou te wijten zijn aan kraters in de zeebodem. Op de bodem van de Barentszzee, duizenden kilometers van de Bermudadriehoek, zijn kraters ontdekt die gasontploffingen veroorzaken.
Mochten zulke kraters ook in de Bermudadriehoek aangetroffen worden, dan is het mysterie wellicht opgelost.
De kraters in de Barentszzee zijn tot 800 meter breed en 45 meter diep en zouden zijn ontstaan door methaangas in de olie- en gasrijke zeebodem bij de Noorse kust. Het methaangas hoopt zich op, lekt en ontploft uiteindelijk door de zeebodem. Bij een dergelijke ontploffing wordt een enorme hoeveelheid methaangas naar boven gestuwd, waardoor 'gaten' in het zeeoppervlak worden geblazen. Dat hebben onderzoekers van de Arctic University of Norway ontdekt.
De ontploffingen op de zeebodem zouden schepen in gevaar kunnen brengen. En mogelijk bestaat de zeebodem van de Bermudadriehoek net zoals de Barentszzee uit gasophopingen. "Zulke gasontploffingen zijn als een nucleaire reactie, ze produceren gigantische hoeveelheden gas, waardoor de oceaan opwarmt en schepen zinken.
Volgende maand, op de jaarlijkse meeting van de European Geosciences Union, zullen experten uit de doeken doen of zulke ontploffingen effectief schepen kunnen doen zinken.
Vliegtuigen
Dan rest er nog één vraag: wat met vliegtuigen? De Bermudadriehoek is ook genadeloos voor vliegtuigen, maar gasontploffingen op de zeebodem kunnen uiteraard geen vliegtuigen uit de lucht halen.
Het Bermudamysterie lijkt dus nog niet volledig opgelost, of komen ze op de meeting van de European Geosciences Union toch met een ultieme verklaring op de proppen?
VIDEOEuropa is vandaag begonnen aan een bijzondere nieuwe missie in de ruimte. Het wetenschappelijk instrument NOMAD (Nadir and Occultation for Mars Discovery), dat is ontworpen, vervaardigd en getest door het Belgisch Instituut voor Ruimte-Aëronomie (BIRA), is om 10.31 uur vanuit Bajkonoer in Kazachstan naar Mars vertrokken aan boord van de satelliet Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO). Het gaat om het eerste deel van de missie ExoMars. Eind dit jaar moet de NOMAD op Mars aankomen.
De bedoeling van de missie is om de atmosfeer en het oppervlak van de Rode Planeet in kaart te brengen. De nuttige lading bestaat uit een "orbiter" (TGO) en de lander Schiaparelli, die in oktober moeten aankomen.
Drie dagen voor aankomst in de atmosfeer van Mars, scheiden de wegen en daalt de lander naar het Marsoppervlak af. De 4,3 ton wegende orbiter moet na ongeveer een jaar een cirkelvormige baan draaien 400 km boven het oppervlak, om met vier instrumenten de atmosfeer van Mars te bestuderen.
Eén daarvan is dus NOMAD. Het instrument doet met drie spectrometers in drie kanalen onderzoek naar de samenstelling van de atmosfeer van de Rode Planeet en zal daarbij op zoek gaan naar sporengassen, in het bijzonder methaan.
Het tweede luik van ExoMars is voor 2018 voorzien, en bestaat uit een Russisch platform en een Europese robotjeep die tot twee meter diep in de Marsbodem zal boren, veel dieper dan de Amerikaanse Oppurtinity. De orbiter zal dan in de eerste plaats als tussenstation voor de communicatie met de jeep dienen. In 2018 zal ook de NASA opnieuw een sonde naar Mars sturen.
"Doel van ExoMars is sporen van leven te zoeken op Mars, maar de missie maakt het ook mogelijk om nieuwe technologieën te tonen die ons verder en verder helpen in de zoektocht naar nieuwe horizons", aldus Elke Sleurs, staatssecretaris voor Wetenschapsbeleid.
Maandag om 22.17 uur wordt een eerste signaal van de satelliet verwacht.
STERRENKUNDEEen verwoestende dode ster die astronomen recent konden gadeslaan, gaat verder met zijn spoor van vernieling. In oktoberraakte bekend dat de witte dwerg verantwoordelijk was voor de vernietiging van een dwergplaneet. Amper zeven maanden later hebben onderzoekers rond de dode ster sporen gevonden van minstens zes afbrokkelende hemellichamen.
Een witte dwerg is de supercompacte, aarde-achtige kern van een dode ster die achterblijft wanneer een ster al zijn brandstof heeft opgebruikt en zijn buitenste lagen afwerpt. De meeste sterren, waaronder ook de zon, evolueren op een dag tot een witte dwerg.
Door deze witte dwerg te bestuderen, die zich op zo'n 570 lichtjaren van de aarde bevindt, kunnen we mogelijk dus een idee krijgen van hoe het einde van ons zonnestelsel er miljarden jaren later zal uitzien.
Ster des doods
Het eerdere onderzoek, gebaseerd op beelden van NASA's ruimtetuig Kepler, wees uit hoe de witte dwerg de rol speelde van de 'Death Star' in de Star Wars-films. Een dwergplaneet die de dode ster naderde op een afstand van ongeveer 837.000 kilometer, werd uiteengereten. Rond het object bevonden zich een staart van stof en een aantal brokstukken. De onderzoekers berekenden dat het gesteente over ongeveer een miljoen jaar volledig vernield zou zijn.
Volgens Boris Gänsicke, astronoom aan de universiteit van Warwick, en zijn team is het dwergsysteem in amper zeven maanden snel geëvolueerd. De astronomen observeerden de witte dwerg met de Thai National Telescope, en vonden in de plaats van één hemellichaam bewijs van zes lichamen rond de witte dwerg. "Maar er zijn er duidelijk nog meer. Het kunnen er tien zijn, misschien vijftien", zegt Gänsicke aan Space.com.
Glimp van onze toekomst
Al deze hemellichamen draaien op ongeveer dezelfde afstand rond de dode ster, en zijn ongeveer twee tot vier keer zo groot als de witte dwerg. Volgens de onderzoekers zijn het geen grote, vaste objecten, maar gigantische wolken van gas en stof, afkomstig van kleinere rotsige hemellichamen die uit elkaar aan het vallen zijn.
"Op een dag zal onze zon uitzetten tot een rode reus en zo Mercurius en Venus, en misschien de aarde, wegvegen alvorens ze een witte dwerg wordt", zegt Gänsicke, die zijn bevindingen beschrijft in het wetenschappelijke bladAstrophysical Journal Letters. "Door deze witte dwerg te bestuderen, krijgen we een zicht op wat de toekomst voor ons zonnestelsel in petto heeft."
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Britse wetenschapper: “Farao’s gebruikten piramides als lanceerplatform naar hiernamaals”
Britse wetenschapper: “Farao’s gebruikten piramides als lanceerplatform naar hiernamaals”
Op internet gaat momenteel een artikel rond over piramides als symbolische trap naar de hemel dat in 2001 in The Guardian is verschenen. Een Britse wetenschapper zei tot grote vreugde van mensen die in mysterieuze energieën en buitenaardse ruimteschepen geloven dat de oude Egyptenaren hun inspiratie voor de piramides mogelijk uit de ruimte haalden.
Egyptoloog Toby Wilkinson beargumenteerde dat de piramides altijd gericht zijn naar de Poolster en dat ze op basis van hun vorm kunnen worden gezien als lanceerplatform voor de reis van de farao naar het hiernamaals tussen de sterren.
“Circumpolaire sterren zijn een goede metafoor voor het hiernamaals omdat ze nooit onder lijken te gaan: ze draaien simpelweg rond de Poolster,” zei Wilkinson tijdens een lezing aan de University College London. “Het zijn de onvergankelijke sterren, een perfecte bestemming voor de ziel van de overleden koning.”
Reis
Van het noorden van Egypte tot Soedan zijn piramides gevonden. “We kijken vol ontzag naar deze monumenten die uit het niets lijken te zijn verschenen,” zei hij.
Dr. Wilkinson, verbonden aan het Britse Clare College, vond bewijs dat de oude Egyptenaren geloofden dat het hiernamaals en de dood een reis zijn. Kate Spence, die indertijd een collega van hem was, had een jaar eerder aangetoond dat alle piramides precies op de noordelijke sterren zijn gericht.
Ook de namen van de piramides zijn opvallend. Eén van de piramides was ‘de fonkelende’ gedoopt en een andere ‘de piramide die een ster is’. Het altaar van de eerste piramide, een trappiramide in Saqqara die gedurende de 3e Dynastie is gebouwd, is gericht op het noorden. “Mogelijk was dit een lanceerplatform voor de geest van de koning, om hem af te vuren naar de noordelijke sterren,” aldus Wilkinson.
Ook de piramides uit de 4e Dynastie – waaronder de Grote Piramide en andere piramides op het Gizeh-Plateau – zijn gericht op de sterren.
Meteoriet
“Hoe ziet een ster eruit in drie dimensies?” vroeg hij zich af. “We zouden daar alleen achter kunnen komen als er een ster op de aarde was gevallen. Een meteoriet wellicht, een vallende ster die letterlijk op de aarde is neergekomen.”
In de tempel van Heliopolis werd in de 4e Dynastie een Benbensteen vereerd, een staande steen met een puntig uitsteeksel. Opvallend genoeg is het Egyptische woord voor deksteen, het bovenste deel van een piramide, ‘benbenet’ of kleine benben.
“Was de Benbensteen mogelijk een meteoriet? Een teken uit de hemel?” vroeg dr. Wilkinson zich af. “Ik ben geen geoloog, maar er is een soort meteoriet, een zeldzame soort, die tijdens zijn reis door de atmosfeer een vorm krijgt die opvallend veel lijkt op een piramide. Was de Benbensteen zo’n steen? Was het een vallende ster die op de aarde is gestort en vervolgens werd vereerd als een teken uit de hemel?”
Regelmatig zijn er berichten over mensen die bepaalde dingen doen omdat ze stemmen in hun hoofd horen die hen bepaalde opdrachten geven.
Ook hoor je soms verhalen van mensen die in algemenere zin zeggen dat ze in contact staan met buitenaardsen die hen vervolgens opdracht geven om dingen te doen.
Dat is bijvoorbeeld ook het geval met een Mexicaanse boer die in de woestijn een piramide heeft gebouwd in opdracht van buitenaardsen, afkomstig van een planeet heel ver weg.
De boer, Raymundo Corona, zegt dat hij de ongeveer zeven meter hoge tempel heeft gebouwd, nadat hij bezoek had gehad van een grote man die zichzelf Herulayka noemde.
Herulayka zei dat hij afkomstig was uit het sterrenbeeld Orion.
Corona bouwde de piramide vlak bij Monclova in de staat Coahila, pal aan de grens met de Verenigde Staten. Hij zegt dat de buitenaardse hem in 1984 heeft bezocht en hem opdroeg een tempel in de vorm van een piramide te maken.
Toen Corona hem vroeg waarom deze tempel de vorm van een piramide moest hebben, kreeg hij als antwoord dat dit als zijn geloof moest zijn. Iets dat niet door wind of storm beroerd kon worden en altijd naar boven wees.
Herulayka waarschuwde hem ook dat mensen hem belachelijk zouden maken, of voor gek verklaren of een dronkenlap of een drugsverslaafde.
De planeet waar de buitenaardse vandaan kwam heet Nefilin. Dit hemellichaam is ongeveer 20 keer groter dan de aarde, bevindt zich in het sterrenbeeld Orion en er wonen daar wezens die heel veel op ons mensen lijken.
“De buitenaardse had ogen met een honingkleur en wit haar tot op de grond. Hij liep op blote voeten en droeg een tuniek dat met een touw om zijn middel werd vastgehouden”.
De dag dat Corona de buitenaardse ontmoette was de dag voordat zijn vrouw hun dochter baarde. Zij zegt dat Corona deze buitenaardse al veel vaker in zijn dromen had gezien voordat hij hem in het echt ontmoette.
Volgens Herulayka maakten de buitenaardsen zich zorgen over de manier waarop wij mensen met onze planeet omgaan. Hij waarschuwde Corona dat de mensen op de planeet moeten passen zoals ze met een kind zouden doen, want de planeet geeft de mensen wat ze nodig hebben om te overleven.
Wanneer je bedenkt dat dit buitenaards bezoek plaatsvond in 1984 en men zich toen al ernstig zorgen maakten, dan zal dit nu vele malen erger zijn. Misschien verklaart dat wel het hoge aantal UFO-meldingen van de laatste jaren.
Dat een voorval zoals hierboven beschreven plaatsvindt in Mexico is natuurlijk ook niet zo vreemd. Het is tenslotte het land met de meeste UFO- en buitenaardse meldingen ter wereld.
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The Forbidden Land of Agartha: The secrets of the Inner Earth
The Forbidden Land of Agartha: The secrets of the Inner Earth
According to Giannini and Palmer, Vice Admiral Byrd announced on February of 1947, just before venturing into a 2,750 km journey across the North Pole, “I like to see the land beyond the Pole. That area beyond the Pole is the center of the Great Enigma.”
According to some, it is believed that during Vice Admiral Byrd’s flight over the North Pole that took place in 1947, he said via radio that beneath was not snow but huge areas of land with mountains, forests and vegetation, huge lakes and rivers with animals that resembled mammoths.
Before his death, had said there existed a land beyond the Pole that was “an enchanted continent in the sky, a permanent mystery of Earth.” That land, according to other theories, was the legendary Rainbow City, home to a fabulous lost civilization.
The possibility that the earth is hollow, and that it can be accessed through the North and South poles, and that secret civilizations flourish within it, has spurred the imagination of people through centuries. Evidence of this we find in the history of countless ancient civilizations. The Babylonian hero Gilgamesh visited his ancestor Utnapishtim in the bowels of the earth; in Greek mythology, Orpheus tries to rescue Eurydice from the underground hell; it was said that the Pharaohs of Egypt communicated with the underworld, which could be accessed via secret tunnels hidden in the pyramids; and Buddhists believed (and still believe) that millions of people live in Agharta, an underground paradise ruled by the king of the world. So just when you think that these theories could be nothing more than excessive imaginations, you actually come across evidence in ancient history pointing towards the possibility of a world inside Earth.
The idea that the Forbidden Kingdom of “Agartha” actually exists was not only said to have been supported by Admiral Byrd but by other explorers around the world. A Map made by cartographer Heinrich C. Berann is believed to show an entrance to the inner Earth, the Kingdom of Agartha. In that map, the Antarctic continent can be observed without its thick layer of ice. But the most intriguing detail are the presence of underwater passages spanning across the entire continent and seem to converge at the exact location which is identified as the opening towards the Hollow Earth or Inner Earth. Leonard Euler, a mthematical genius of the eighteenth century, concluded that the Earth was hollow, containing a central sun and was inhabited; and Dr. Edmund Halley, discoverer of Comet Halley and Royal Astronomer of England also believed that the Earth was hollow on the inside with three “Floors”.
Some also speak about Operation Highjump and Admiral Byrd’s journeys where extremely advanced airships were seen flying around and exploring new territories. Not long ago, we discovered a map of the third Reich in which there are several secret passages depicted which were used by German U-Boats to access mysterious underground regions, as well as a complete map of both hemispheres and the mysterious kingdom of Agartha.
A letter, supposedly written by Karl Unger, one of the crew members of a German Uboat states that they had reached the interior of the Earth, and that they did not consider returning. All of these stories seem to be backed up by numerous discoveries and recently, scientists discovered a large ocean of water inside the mantle of Earth, and they point out that it is a large water “tank” that could fill the oceans on Earth three times. This incredible discovery suggests that the surface water of the planet came from within Earth, as part of a “complete water cycle on the planet” instead of the dominant theory proposed that water arrived to Earth by icy comets that passed by the planet millions of years ago.
The Nazis were also extremely interested in the Inner Earth and myths associated with it. It is believed that Antarctica is the entrance to the lost Aryan homeland of Thule. Even though Antarctica has been linked to the lost continent of Atlantis, the linkage to Thule is less apparent. Thule (also known as Thula, Thyle, Thila, Tila, Tyle, or Tylen) was first mentioned by Greek explorer Pytheas after his travels between 330 BC and 320 BC. But in 150 AD, Greek writer Antonius Diogenes wrote The Wonders Beyond Thule. In the distant past, Thule was believed to have been a distant place located beyond the “borders of the known world.”
Interestingly in 2001 the U.S. National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency and the Support Office for Aero-geophysical Research discovered the existence of a magnetic anomaly believed to be on the eastside shore of Lake Vostok in Antarctica, the anomaly is believed to be consistent with a man-made construction.
Aliens Are Calling From Outer Space, Scientific Community Still in Denial
Aliens Are Calling From Outer Space, Scientific Community Still in Denial
Numerous bursts of radio waves were picked up by astronomers recently, all of them originating from the same place far beyond our Milky Way Galaxy. This wouldn’t come as a surprise unless it were the first intercepted signal to repeat itself, indicating that a powerful source in the universe is generating it.
Now, the first idea coming to our minds is related to aliens, but scientists tried to debunk this hypothesis in the lack of further evidence and instead, they chose a more ‘rational’ explanation: the collision between two neutron stars. However, the latest radio burst came as a game changer, as the waves appear to repeat, indicating that whatever is causing this is not being consumed in the impacting process, and it keeps sending these mysterious signals. According to Shami Chatterjee, senior researcher at Cornell, the FRB detected this year did not have an explosive origin.
So, either there’s an odd coincidence, or maybe there are different types of FRBs. Either way, it seems we’ve broken this enigmatic phenomenon wide open, Chatterjee stated.
These fast radio bursts, or FRBs, were considered an isolated phenomenon until recently, as researchers detected 17 others over the years since 2007, and they were all described as brief radio waves in the sky that only lasted for milliseconds. It became puzzling only last year, when ten blasts originating from the same spot were discovered by Paul Scholz from McGill University in Canada.
After he closely investigated the data collected by the Arceibo radio telescope in Puerto Rico, he stumbled upon some peculiar patterns: six FRBs received within 10 minutes of each other, and other four that were more dissipated in time. All of them originated from the same location.
I knew immediately that the discovery would be extremely important in the study of FRBs, Scholz said.
Although astronomers know these radio signals are coming from distant places in the cosmos, they are having difficulties determining the exact location. The recent discovery of the continuous FRBs, published in Nature last week, was tracked to a galaxy 6 billion light years away from Earth, but the data wasn’t conclusive enough for scientists to determine the exact spot from where it emanated.
Knowing that some of the FRBs detected so far repeat their blasting waves, scientists are now trying to shed light into this matter and find the exact emanating source, and are also classifying them into different categories. Cornell professor James Cordes believes that the event is not necessarily caused by a massive cosmic explosion, but neutron stars may still be the cause in his opinion.
We ’re detecting these FRBs from very far away, which means that they are intrinsically very bright. Only a few astrophysical sources can produce bursts like this, and we think they are most likely neutron stars in other galaxies, Cordes stated.
On the other hand, Laura Spitler, a researcher from the Max Planck Institute for radio Astronomy in Germany appeared more enthusiastic of the recent discovery.
Not only did these bursts repeat, but their brightness and spectra also differ from those of other FRBs, she said.
Although scientists won’t directly admit to an alien-source hypothesis, it’s likely that this new type of FRB is generated by a source other than what scientists have speculated so far. The possibility of a spinning young neutron star or even two stars colliding seem a bit far off, considering that only a few weeks ago, the scientific community was about to conclude about the FRBs once and for all, but now they have a brand new type of FRB signal. If this arrived as a coincidence or rather as a sign, we are yet to find out, but bear in mind that everything happens for a reason.
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Sky Watcher Captures Space Vortex Opening Near the Moon in Full Spectrum
Sky Watcher Captures Space Vortex Opening Near the Moon in Full Spectrum
If aliens do exist and already walk among us, it would be reasonable to understand that their advanced technological capabilities are far greater than what we can imagine, meaning that whatever actions they take on Earth or outer space will remain invisible to our line of sight.
However, thanks to the ongoing global awareness regarding this major phenomenon, there are some sky watchers who would pay the ultimate price to know the truth about what’s going on all around us, and they’ll fortunately share their amazing discoveries with the rest of world. Now, it remains only a matter of keeping your mind opened.
There are many types of UFOs ranging from biological lifeforms to artificial crafts or even man-made ones. It’s possible that our governments and military have a secret pact with extraterrestrials which allows them to access otherworldly technology. These claims can be interpreted when viewing different accounts from the past that speak of futuristic ways in which you can travel through space or design a spaceship. Were all these details a product of conspiracy theorist’s imagination, or is it possible that most of what had been said is coming to life this century?
To better understand this concept, I’ll show you a very unique phenomenon that happened close to the moon. The vigilant sky watcher and UFO analyst Mr. Crow has captured yet another amazing and partially unexplained phenomenon. With the help of two hi-end cameras, he was able to film in full spectrum what he presumes to be an invisible vortex. The appearance lasts only for a brief moment, but thanks to Crow’s detailed analysis we can see it over and over again from different postures.
According to him, the space vortex is invisible to the naked eye since we can only perceive only a small portion of the light’s spectrum. However, the phenomenon is real when seen through the full-spectrum of light that covers the electromagnetic spectrum from infrared to near ultraviolet, or better said, the portal captured by Mr. Crow could be occurring on a daily basis and everywhere around us, but since our eyes are not designed to see it, it’s like this never happens. So how do we know this is indeed a cosmic vortex and not something caused by meteors or space debris?
The first and most conclusive argument would be that this phenomenon is seen only in full spectrum, which means that any other event that could happen in space and is explained by science would also be perceived by our vision if we look in the right direction and at the appropriate moment. Second argument focuses on the wide spread idea of portals that’s seen in so many movies, cartoons, kid toys and media in general. So, from where did this idea come from if portals are only a science fictional element? Are these ‘subliminal messages’ a pure coincidence, or are they rather an existing fact that hasn’t been revealed to us for some unknown reasons?
Third but not least, there were some extremely bizarre events that strongly resembled a ‘worm hole’ or interdimensional portal. Such phenomenon were witnessed by many people from across the world, and although official information refers to them as unloaded missile tests, I would like to remind the recent case from Norway where the sighting, in my opinion, had nothing to do with a rocket or anything found on Earth. So could the vortex surprised by Mr. Crow be somehow linked to these events? Is it possible that he filmed an authentic interdimensional portal? If so, what purpose does it serve?
According to researchers, it could be a technique used by alien beings to travel between long distances by bending space itself. This way they can reach any destination in the cosmos in a matter of seconds/minutes and at the same time stay hidden from the field of view of other less-evolved species. This way, aliens may pass unnoticed and manipulate our species through the collaboration with our governments that put power above all else. Another controversial theory that might prove to be true in the future speaks of the human-alien pact that’s letting our leaders use and develop advanced technology at the price of letting ETs monitor our evolution.
If this proves to be a good thing we are yet to find out, but because of the tremendous level of secrecy displayed by world’s top organizations, it’s likely that a more complex plan is in place. Are we really designing our own future and destiny, or are we guided from ‘above’ by a higher will that’s pulling the strings?
UFO Caught Darting From Cloud To Cloud Over Melbourne, Australia On Feb 28, 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Caught Darting From Cloud To Cloud Over Melbourne, Australia On Feb 28, 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: February 28, 2016 Location of sighting: Melbourne, Australia This cloud orb is really moving. Its is moving about 4X faster than a prop plane would. Darting from cloud to cloud to hide, it tries to go unseen in the Australian skies. Peter Slattery of Youtube caught this cloud orb. This is an excellent day time catch, but best of all watching it move allows us to rule out what its not...not a balloon, lantern, bag or other odd objects. This thing has speed! Only an intelligently made craft will move that fast. Scott C. Waring www.ufosightingsdaily.com
UFOs Over Mexican Volcano Popocatepetl On March 12, 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News.
UFOs Over Mexican Volcano Popocatepetl On March 12, 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: March 12, 2016 Location of sightings: Volcano Popocatepetl, Mexico These UFOs were recorded by Mibit Channel of Youtube. There are several UFOs at any given time near the volcano and since the live cam only gets still shots ever 20 seconds or so, there is no video, so we cannot see the UFOs move. All in all, still a good catch. Scott C. Waring www.ufosightingsdaily.com
Journey to the Center of the Earth: Is It Possible?
Journey to the Center of the Earth: Is It Possible?
Admittedly, "Journey to the Center of the Earth" (the 1959 version based on the Jules Verne novel), is one of my favorite movies of all time. As a kid, I could watch it every time it came on and now I own it on disk, so I can see it endlessly! What fascinated me so much about it was a mixture of archaeology, adventure, new frontiers, and ancient worlds. From the moment the characters plunged into the cave in Iceland to the unknown underground world, I imagined there had to be more to the earth than a hard rock with a molten center spinning around in space. There just had to be pockets of life-sustaining space. And, as I got older and learned about Hollow Earth Theory, I was hooked on the concept that the earth has layers, other worlds, and lost civilizations perhaps, and life adapted to the darkness or perhaps with its own intense bioluminescence. In fact, we have found throughCCD cameras and EMCCD cameras that humans have bioluminescence! What is exciting about all of this is that they have discovered a vast ocean under the earth that contains three times more water than is found on the earth and shows an obvious source of where our water might have come from on our planet. SOURCE:The water is hidden inside a blue rock called ringwoodite that lies 700 kilometres underground in the mantle, the layer of hot rock between Earth’s surface and its core.
Journey to the Center of the Earth - Possible?
The actual physical travel to the center of the earth? That would be impossible and this site (LINK) gives a great description - It gets very hot very quickly as you journey towards the center of the Earth. In the Earth’s crust — the outermost shell of the planet that reaches down around 30 miles (50 km) — temperatures increase by around 25 Celsius per kilometer of depth (77F every 0.6 miles). This means that, once you’re about 10 kilometers (6 miles) down, temperatures are already as high as 250C (482F). Once you’re through the crust (about 30 miles down) and into the upper mantle, which consists of partially molten rock, you’re talking about temperatures in the range of 650-1200C (1200-2200F). We don’t know exactly, but the Earth’s inner core is theorized to have a temperature of around 6000 Kelvin (5,700C, 10,300F). In case you’re wondering, a lot of this heat is believed to come from the decay of naturally radioactive elements (uranium, thorium, and potassium).
Hollow Earth
The center of the earth aside, how about the idea of a world within our world? Perhaps somewhere in the crust, but less than that dangerous 6 miles deep? How about pockets of earth that offer different geology and a better chance of having a deep pocket at a comfort level that is human being viable? Here's an explanation of Hollow Earth theory from this great site (LINK):
According to the Hollow Earth Hypothesis, planet Earth is either wholly hollow or otherwise contains a substantial interior space. The hypothesis has long been contradicted by overwhelming observational evidence, as well as by the modern understanding of planet formation; the scientific community has dismissed the notion since at least the late 18th century. The concept of a hollow Earth still recurs in folklore and as the premise for a sub-genre of adventure fiction. It also features in some present-day pseudoscientific and conspiracy theories. Underground civilizations link with the 'Hollow Earth Theory'. There are supposedly races that exist in subterranean cities beneath planet Earth. Very often, these dwellers of the world beneath are more technologically advanced than we on the surface. Some believe that UFOs are not from other planets, but are manufactured by strange beings in the interior of the Earth.
Journey to the Hollow Earth?
There are numerous places around the earth believed to be the entrance to Hollow Earth. Let's look at some of the more popularly spoken of sites -
Mt. Shasta (California)
Mt. Shasta has long been associated with little people, giants, aliens, UFOs, Lemurians and Hollow Earth entrance. There is an account of a "Traveler to Inner Earth" by a supposed US Air Force Colonel who traveled by way of Mt. Shasta (LINK). The people of the interior were very free with showing me around, very articulate in showing you what is exactly going on - they do not hold anything back. They always ask permission when working with nature, they ask the plants for permission before consuming them or cutting them down, they ask the Mother Earth before they build on it, and do so build with the lay of the land which best suits their environment, a practice similar to the American Indians; therefore seeking to preserve a harmonious state at all times; wanting to be one with nature at all times; they are more spiritually advanced than surface dwellers and greatly respect Mother Earth.
The atmosphere is crystal clear, as a rule there are times clouds, but nothing like rain clouds. The temperature is a constant 73 degrees.
The people in the interior speak directly with the animals, and the animals speak directly to the people of the interior.
There is no need for hoarding for everything is free, no need to create in abundance as everything is ample. A process of bartering is more common than trade in money.
This is basically a utopian culture with no depression leading into violence. No parties seeking to make war and gain dominance over each other. There are none richer nor poorer.
North of Josef Franz Island (Russia)
This was mentioned in a writing by a Norwegian who said that he and his father had voyaged to Hollow Earth by accident. The last bit of land they recognized as they ventured forward was the never inhabited island, Josef Franz Island. Interestingly, this island has enormous stone perfectly round spheres, but no one has ever lived in this inhospitable place. The story this man, Olaf Jansen, conveyed of his voyage in the 1800s was written in the most fascinating account called "The Smoky God" (LINK).
Eden is an elevated beautiful garden through which four mighty rivers run in four directions dividing the the planet's interior. Earth's inner surface is three fourths land and one fourth water. This garden is the "navel of the earth" and the "cradle of the human race".The names of the rivers are Euphrates, the Pison, the Gihon, and the Hiddekel. They spoke to the Priest for over two hours on various issues and then had to decide whether to stay or return to the outer earth. They decided to stay a while longer visiting more cities and learning more cultures. The children go to school for thirty years starting at age twenty. The learned men have an accurate idea of the earth's outer geography, and the general people are extremely musical and well educated in the arts and sciences, especially geometry and astronomy. Marriage occurs a little before or after 100 years of age and people generally live to be 600 to 800 years old. The animals there can be huge; birds with wingspans of hirty feet, tortoises up to thirty feet in length, and elephants up to 85 feet in height. Some of the trees here grow to 1000 feet in height and are 120 feet in diameter, and the forests extend hundreds of miles. A mist rises every evening and comes down as rain every twenty-four hours.
An entrance is reported to have been found in the Nahanni Valley of B.C., but it is said that some of those who have dared to enter this area have been found decapitated, thus giving the region its name “The Valley of the Headless Men.” The Nahanni Valley in Canada is the ancient territory of the Ojibways, the Slave, Dogribs, Stoney, the Beavers and the Chipweyans. It covers 250 square miles in the southern end of the Mackenzie Mountains of Canada and lies almost 550 miles due west of Fort Simpson on the Mackenzie River of northwest Canada. Natural hot springs and sulfur geysers keep the valley warmer than the surrounding areas by about 30 degrees Farenheit year-round. This land of perpetual mist has always been viewed by the Indians as “taboo” and avoided.
North Pole
A team was formed hoping to make an expedition to the North Pole entrance to Hollow Earth. (LINK) It seems the expedition is on hold until funding, but it intrigues one to consider taking a schooner up to the opening of a supposed nirvana inner world. The planned expedition sounded pretty neat and included lots of scientific experiments while up there.
Antarctica
There has been an ongoing discussion among researchers of the unexplained and conspiracy theorists that the Nazis found an opening to Hollow Earth in Antarctica. (LINK)
Conclusion
It's hard to dismiss basic geology, so far as what we believe the Earth to contain and it's a pretty good guess considering the drilling, understanding of geological plates, seismic activity, and the like. But, what remains is the very real possibility there are pockets of great space - such as the world's largest cave only recently found in Vietnam.
It is with certainty that inner earth would have plenty of water, but would the temperatures make it impossible to exist? Perhaps. And, perhaps conditions exist in permafrost regions of the globe, where the supporting mantle varies, perhaps allows for a filtered light through ice or other means. After all, the cave in Vietnam has a forest inside.
Could an entire civilization of advanced people live in a retreat within the Earth? If they do, they were smart to locate such a location that could allow for vitamin D, growing plants, fresh water, clean air and the like, without being vulnerable to what we on the surface must face, like weather conditions, oceans, and temperature changes. Still, the concept that one could live in and thrive inside the earth almost begs for a type of man that evolved differently to handle some deficits in resources and sunshine. This is not even taking into consideration what happens when there are earthquakes and volcanoes acting up!
I suspect at some point, we might find a cave that goes deeper than any cave, perhaps a situation in which a hole opens up like the enormous ones in Russia (LINK), that make us wonder - just what is in there?
What Neurologist Discovered With Alien Abductions Victims
What Neurologist Discovered With Alien Abductions Victims
People claiming to have been abducted by aliens are considered mentally delusional. However, as stories of alien abduction become more and more mainstream, it is hard to dismiss the credibility of these alien abduction witnesses. The idea of aliens has been discussed for many years now by different persons. There are many researchers exploring the existence of ancient aliens and whether they have already visited our planet or not.
When asked about the possible delusion, Neurologist Dr. Michael B. Russo claimed he didn’t know what to say to his patients who shared their abduction stories. He said that the majority of the doctors of his current patients sent them because the latter complained of primary headaches or some neurological problems. But their physicians didn’t have any idea about their abduction stories not until Dr. Russo asked them about the duration of the problem. As part of his examination, Dr. Russo used his dense array electroencephalography, or DEEG, a machine worth $200,000. The machine maps the electrical activity in the brains of his patients. Russo wondered if there are similarities to patients complaining about being abducted with regards to brain wave activity.
According to his examination, those patients claiming to have been abducted by aliens have shown abnormalities in their parietal lobe brain wave activity. The electrical brain wave activities of abductee patients are similar to patients who experienced traumatic brain injury. He tries to look at the experiences as different based from his patients’ point of view and works with them to alleviate their problem.
When performing DEEG tests, patients often ask the possibility of interpreting or reading transmitter. Russo confirmed that he couldn’t see the wire, but he can see the brain signals. Russo has experienced success using pharmacological therapies in alleviating the headache pains. Russo will share his findings, which co-authored with Shane Endicott, Ryan Nillo, Melba C. Stetz, and Judith Profant on their upcoming meeting at the Hawaii Convention Center.
UFOTV Presents - UFOs and The New World Order - THE MUFON UFO SYMPOSIUM – Paul Hellyer -
UFOTV Presents - UFOs and The New World Order - THE MUFON UFO SYMPOSIUM – Paul Hellyer -
Gepubliceerd op 11 mrt. 2016
UFOTV® Accept no Imitations! (Please vote thumbs-up for UFOTV®!). UFOTV® and THE MUTUAL UFO NETWORK (MUFON) have joined forces to bring the MUFON INTERNATIONAL UFO SYMPOSIUM to UFOTV® here on YOUTUBE. Over the coming weeks we will release the MUFON VIDEO ARCHIVE that includes all of the lectures and presentations from the leading UFO Authors and Researchers in the World, video taped LIVE at the World famous "International MUFON UFO Symposium," over the last 10 years. Subscribers are automatically notified each time a new presentation is added.
In this program, Paul Hellyer, former Canadian Secretary of Defense, provides the keynote presentation for the MUFON UFO SYMPOSIUM. Extraterrestrial influence may have been felt in Biblical days, but awareness began when we learned that an alien species helped the Germans during World War II. At the same time, another group of Aliens advised the allies. Years before World War II ended, the Council On Foreign Relations (CFR) began plotting a new American empire even bigger than the one Hitler hoped for. The Council On Foreign Relations (CFR) itself with the secret Bilderbergers, the banking and oil cartels, CEOs of transnational corporations, elements of the intelligence community and the armed forces, came together in what Paul Hellyer refers to as the Cabal, with unprecedented power in the US and beyond. Its end game is a New World Order – a universal dictatorship – achieved through a combination of financial and military might, including spacecraft equipped with ET technology. Is this a doomsday scenario destined to end in an armageddon, if not the extinction of the human species? Or is there something that can be done to stop it? This is the question that must be fully explored before it is too late!
Consider attending The Mutual UFO Network International UFO Symposium – For more information go to: www.MUFON.com
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Coming soon to Special Edition DVD, AmazonPRIME, and UFOTV® on Roku!
Whenever a bold new technology comes out, people often say that it's making sci-fi a reality. Often times that is a bit of an exaggeration. However, Harold White, a NASA engineer and physicist, is designing a spaceship that is truly straight out of almost every sci-fi story every written.
The ship, tributarily being called the ISX Enterprise has many planned "sci-fi" features, but perhaps the most exciting is the plan to make it a "warp ship," meaning it could shoot through space faster than the speed of light. Yes, just like in Star Trek.
Mark Rademaker, who is collaborating with White and created the CGI design concept for the IXS Enterprise, says, “We wanted to have a decent image of a theory conforming Warp ship to motivate young people to pursue a STEM career... It does have some Sci-Fi features that might never transfer to a possible final design, unless we really want to.”
The fact that the science behind this is even theoretically plausible it truly mind-boggling. To put it in oversimplified terms, the ship would essentially utilize a loophole in Einstein's Theory of Relativity, wherein it would contract space-time in front of it and expand space-time behind it. Io9 touches on this well:
"Essentially, the empty space behind a starship would be made to expand rapidly, pushing the craft in a forward direction — passengers would perceive it as movement despite the complete lack of acceleration.
White speculates that such a drive could result in “speeds” that could take a spacecraft to Alpha Centauri in a mere two weeks — even though the system is 4.3 light-years away."
White's concept for this, which he worked out mathematically from a theory proposed back in 1994, uses large rings that surround the spacecraft to reduce the energy needed to warp space-time both in front of and behind the spacecraft.
“The rings are most important as they will form the Warp bubble,” said Rademaker. "The way they are designed now will reduce the energy requirement needed to form the bubble. (By quite a large factor.) Also we tried to fill up as much space within the rings, it’s expensive to leave that open or unused.”
White and his team at NASA’s Eagleworks Labs are now working on a “proof of concept” for this idea.
Check out this video explaining the concept and the science behind it:
Scientists May Have Discovered Why Mercury is Such a Dark Planet
Scientists May Have Discovered Why Mercury is Such a Dark Planet
This enhanced color image highlights Mercury’s low-reflectance material, which appears blue in this image, and its association with impact-excavated material. The young rayed crater Degas appears near the center, and to the far left is the crater Akutagawa, whose extensive low-reflectance (dark blue) material was studied by MESSENGER and found to be carbon rich. Credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington
NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington
IN BRIEF
A new study is showing that carbon from Mercury's original crust is the reason the planet looks so dark. Data from the MESSENGER mission further supports this.
You might be surprised to hear that the closest planet to the sun has an immensely dark surface. For a long time, Mercury’s lack of sunlight left scientists puzzled. The planet’s surface isn’t littered with iron-rich materials, known to be a darkening agent. So just what makesMercury so dim?
A new study from Johns Hopkins University claims the answer is carbon. The element has ancient origins from deep within the planet itself.
This oblique image of Basho shows the distinctive dark halo that encircles the crater. The halo is composed of so-called Low Reflectance Material, which was excavated from depth when the crater was formed. Basho is also renowned for its bright ray craters, which render the crater easily visible even from very far away. Credit: Courtesy NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington
QUESTIONING COMETS
Patrick Peplowski, of the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, and his team used data from the MESSENGER mission to study the accumulation of carbon on Mercury. Prior to these studies, scientists proposed that the carbon came from comets that traveled into the inner Solar System.
Poplowski’s team came to a different conclusion. Rather than being delivered by comets, the carbon most likely originated deep below the surface, in the form of a now-disrupted and buried ancient graphite-rich crust, some of which was later brought to the surface by impact processes after most of Mercury’s current crust had formed.
Co-author and Deputy Principal Investigator of the MESSENGER mission, Carnegie’s Larry Nittler, explained: “The previous proposal of comets delivering carbon to Mercury was based on modelling and simulation. Although we had prior suggestions that carbon may be the darkening agent, we had no direct evidence. We used MESSENGER’s Neutron Spectrometer to spatially resolve the distribution of carbon and found that it is correlated with the darkest material on Mercury, and this material most likely originated deep in the crust. Moreover, we used both neutrons and X-rays to confirm that the dark material is not enriched in iron, in contrast to the Moon where iron-rich minerals darken the surface.”
MESSENGER obtained its statistically robust data via many orbits during its last year of operation. Repeated Neutron Spectrometer measurements showed higher amounts of low-energy neutrons, a signature consistent with the presence of elevated carbon, coming from the surface when the spacecraft passed over concentrations of the darkest material.
Figuring out exactly how much carbon was present required combining the neutron measurements with other MESSENGER datasets, including X-ray measurements and reflectance spectra.
Together, the data indicate that Mercury’s surface rocks are made up of as much as a few weight percent graphitic carbon, much higher than on other planets. Graphite has the best fit to the reflectance spectra, at visible wavelengths, and the likely conditions that produced the material.
THE ORIGINAL ANCIENT CRUST
When Mercury was in its infancy, much of the planet most likely consisted of an “ocean” of molten magma. Scientists believe that, as this magma cooled, most minerals that solidified would sink. Graphite though, would have been buoyant and floated to form the original crust of Mercury.
“The finding of abundant carbon on the surface suggests that we may be seeing remnants of Mercury’s original ancient crust mixed into the volcanic rocks and impact ejecta that form thesurface we see today. This result is a testament to the phenomenal success of the MESSENGER mission and adds to a long list of ways the innermost planet differs from its planetary neighbors and provides additional clues to the origin and early evolution of the inner Solar System,” concluded Nittler.
Scientists discover repeating fast radio bursts coming from the far edge of the galaxy, overthrowing notions that FRBs are non-repeating in nature.
SIGNALS IN THE NIGHT
While sifting through various observation results made using the world’s largest radio telescope, McGill University PhD student Paul Scholz discovered something very rare—repeating fast radio bursts.
Admittedly, it’s not as dramatic nor as action-packed as when Jodie Foster’s character in the 90s sci-fi movie Contact discovered radio transmissions from outer space, but Scholz’s discovery of ten additional bursts from the direction of FRB 121102 is certainly an exciting discovery in its own right.
Until Scholz’s new findings, repeating fast radio bursts (FRB) were—no pun intended—unheard of. All incidents of FRBs are recorded to be non-repeating in nature. This has led scientists to speculate that FRBs are caused by one-off, cataclysmic events such as a star exploding in a supernova or a neutron star collapsing into a black hole.
But, the data published in the March issue of Nature, showing the additional bursts having “dispersion measures and sky positions consistent with the original burst” of FRB 121102 from 2012, invalidates all existing theories on the nature of FRBs.
“I knew immediately that the discovery would be extremely important in the study of FRBs,” says Scholz.
Arecibo Radio Observatory in Puerto Rico. Credit: ARECIBO OBSERVATORY/NAIC/NSF
A NEW TELESCOPE CHIMES IN
And he’s right. Because not only does his data suggest that FRBs have physical origins—in fact, multiple physical origins—it also shows that it’s coming from a young, highly magnetized, extragalactic neutron star far beyond the edge of the Milky Way.
“Not only did these bursts repeat, but their brightness and spectra also differ from those of other FRBs,” says Laura Spitler, first author of the new paper and a postdoctoral researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy in Bonn, Germany.
Of course, not everyone is sold on the results of Scholz’s study. And to reach a definitive conclusion on repeating FRBs, a radio telescope more powerful than Arecibo will be needed.
Enter Canada’s CHIME. The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) “is a novel radio telescope consisting of cylindrical reflectors roughly the size and shape of snowboarding half-pipes with an array of radio receivers along the focus.”
Its novel design allows it to detect multiple FRBs per day, allowing it to “produce a map of cosmic structure over the largest volume of the universe ever observed.”
“Once we have precisely localized the repeater’s position on the sky, we will be able to compare observations from optical and X-ray telescopes and see if there is a galaxy there,” says Jason Hessels, corresponding author of the paper with Scholz and associate professor at the University of Amsterdam and the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy.
“Finding the host galaxy of this source is critical to understanding its properties.”
To be clear, no one’s suggesting that some vast extragalactic civilization, high up on theKardashev Scale, is using neutron stars or some other cosmic phenomenon to signal us from halfway across the universe. Still, it’s important to understand the origins of all radio emissions, for no loftier reason than to simply learn a new thing, but also to categorize and eliminate all the extraneous “noise.”
Then someday, perhaps, we really will detect that first deliberate radio transmission, and—like Jodie Foster’s character in Contact—realize that a universe devoid of alien intelligences really is just an awful waste of space.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 73 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
Are Bigfoot Opportunists?
Native Tribe Thought Extinct May Not Be!
Expedition Unknown with Josh Gates on Travel Channel ...
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