Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 12 YEARS AND 11 MONTHS.
ON 06/05/2024 MORE THAN 1.972.210
VISITORS FROM 134 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
02-06-2016
Egyptische farao had buitenaardse dolk
Egyptische farao had buitenaardse dolk
Farao Toetanchamon is begraven met een dolk die is gemaakt van buitenaards materiaal, zo blijkt uit onderzoek van Italiaanse wetenschappers en het Egyptisch museum in Caïro.
Howard Carter, de ontdekker van het graf van Toetanchamon, trof de dolk in 1925 aan op de dij van de farao. Het ijzeren lemmet heeft onderzoekers sinds de ontdekking door Carter verbaasd. IJzerwerk was zeldzaam in het oude Egypte en de dolk was niet verroest.
Met behulp van röntgenapparatuur hebben de wetenschappers het lemmet geanalyseerd. Het ijzer blijkt 11 procent nikkel te bevatten, veel meer dan in normale ijzeren objecten zit.
Gift van de goden
Zo’n hoge concentratie nikkel is wel te vinden in meteorieten. De dolk bleek bovendien kobalt te bevatten, een metaal dat ook voorkomt in meteorieten. Uit oude teksten blijkt dat de Egyptenaren wisten dat hun zeldzame ijzer uit de lucht kwam vallen.
Volgens de wetenschappers hechtten de oude Egyptenaren grote waarde aan meteorieten, die zij als een gift van de goden zagen. De gebruikelijke term in die tijd voor ijzer was ‘ijzer uit de lucht’.
Niet het enige buitenaardse voorwerp
“De introductie van de term suggereert dat de oude Egyptenaren in de 13e eeuw voor Christus wisten dat er zeldzame stukken ijzer uit de lucht vielen,” schrijven de onderzoekers, die hun bevindingen publiceerden in het tijdschrift Meteoritics & Planetary Science. “Zo’n 2000 jaar eerder dan de westerse cultuur.”
De dolk is niet het enige buitenaardse voorwerp dat in de tombe van Toetanchamon is gevonden. Een sieraad in het graf bevat een scarabee van silica-glas. Dat is hoogstwaarschijnlijk gevormd als gevolg van de inslag van een meteoriet of komeet.
One of the very best photographs ever taken of a triangular UFO was snapped by an anonymous cameraman in Belgium in April of 1990. Recognized by anyone familiar with UFOs, it became the cornerstone of the Belgian UFO wave of 1989. On November 29, 1989, a triangular UFO with lights sparking underneath was seen by multiple witnesses-three groups of policemen included. This began a case which still baffles investigators today.
First Sightings:
The first night of sightings was only the beginning of one of the best documented and witnessed UFO waves ever. On more than one occasion, two F-16 fighter jets chased the unknown flying crafts, but without results. One of the most notable sightings of the wave came on March 30, 1990 from a Belgian National Police captain, who watched a giant, triangle UFO passing overhead. Two separate radar stations corroborated the sighting.
Radar Stations Report:
The triangle was moving very low, and very slowly over the landscapes of Belgium near the city of Glons, which is southeast of Brussels.
A NATO manned radar station was reporting the object, and they soon found that four more stations also were getting a return from the object. The flying object would not answer hails to identify itself, and sent no transponder signal. Jets would be sent to find the object.
F-16s Sent to Intercept:
Two American-made F-16s were scrambled by the military to intercept and identify the object. One of the jet radars did lock on the object, which appeared as a diamond shape on the screen. Seconds after the lock on, the UFO quickly moved out of the plane's radar range. The F-16 went after the UFO, but after a chase that lasted an hour, the UFO escaped unidentified, except for two more radar returns.
Beyond Our Technology:
The F-16 pilot knew that he was chasing something that had speed and maneuverability far beyond the capabilities of his jet. At one point, radar returns showed that the UFO had dropped from 10,000 to 500 feet altitude in 5 seconds, an unbelievable move. The sightings of the giant triangles continued for months, being witnessed over and over again. They often flew low enough to easily be seen with the naked eye.
Getting a Photograph:
The sighting wave became a big story in the Belgian media, and it became apparent that getting a photograph of the UFOs was almost impossible... many witnesses snapped photos of the triangles, only to see blurred imagery. This unusual occurrence was investigated by physics professor Auguste Meesen, who discovered that infrared light was not allowing the objects to be photographed.
Finally Captured on Video Tape:
Finally, one good video film was taken of the object. The image showed the bottom of the triangular shape, with three red spotlights on the corners. The photograph associated with the Belgian wave is actually a frame capture taken from the video. The film was taken over the town of Petit Rechain.
Classic Status:
The Belgium wave has obtained classic status in UFO lore. With over 1,000 witnesses, confirmed radar sightings, plane radar lock-ins, and military confirmations, the fact that an unknown craft moved across the country of Belgium cannot be denied. The case is also important for its unique information sharing. Civilian and military officials were forthcoming with the reports, and set a model for others to follow in their pursuit to uncover the mystery behind the UFO enigma.
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Red Shot Above Earth at Space Station In June 1, 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Red Shot Above Earth at Space Station In June 1, 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News
Date of sighting: June 1, 2016 Location of sighting: Earths orbit, ISS This red shot as Streetcap1 calls it was seen at the space station. It does seem to appear to be coming from the Earth, however I think its much closer, just a few meters from the space station. This object would be about the size of a motorcycle. It is probably a living entity...an organism that lives in the depths of space and has created this glowing color, much like deep ocean creatures making a glow to help find one another. Scott C. Waring www.ufosightingsdaily.com Streetcap1 states: This is shown at real-time speed. When I turned the object in Irfanview, it resembled the shape of a craft or entity.
For many years now, UFOs have more than not been identified as "flying saucers," or disc-shaped objects. Of course, there were other unknown flying object reports of odd-shaped vehicles of many different descriptions, but these were the exception and not the rule.
In the last 30 years or so, the triangle shape has become a topic of much discussion. Often reported as flying low and running silent, with several lights on the bottom, these strange objects have become an enigma in UFO circles. Sightings of these objects often come in waves, and they are reported as being able to go from a crawl to a high speed departure in a matter of seconds.
A Government Project?
Many feel that the triangle UFO may be a top-secret government craft, still in the experimental stage, and more than likely designed with military implications. Some researchers feel that they are the next step in the Stealth series of craft, capable of flying low and making their exit without being detected by enemy radar.
This type of craft would be indispensable for enemy surveillance, especially with weapon capabilites.
I will agree that a good portion of triangle UFO sightings may be attributed to a government manufactured craft, but this cannot account for all of them. The man on the street cannot know just how advanced governmental or military technological prowess may be, but reports of the flight characteristics of the triangles seem to surpass even our most liberal estimates of what modern technology is capable of.
Reports Increasing
Although the triangle craft seem to be a dark, mysterious entity, according to researcher and author, Clyde Lewis, triangle sightings in the United Kingdom are almost an everyday occurrence. He states in his article, "Mystery of the Black Triangles," there have been approximately 4,000 reports of the triangles since 1990 in the UK alone.
There have also been waves of triangle sightings in Belgium, France, Holland and Germany, beginning with the most celebrated wave of all, the 1989-1990 triangle wave over Belgium.
In this particular case, in addition to triangle sightings, other anomalous events took place. As some of the triangles were picked up by military radar, jets would be scrambled to get a close look at exactly what was invading Belgian airspace. However, although the jet fighters could briefly lock in on the mysterious UFOs, when their weapons were set to fire, their electrical systems would malfunction, and soon the triangles were out of range.
Anomalous Effects
A second unusual fact during the Belgian wave was the inability of eyewitnesses to capture the objects on film. There are a couple of fairly decent, distant videos of them, and finally one good photograph was taken in April, 1990 in the city of Petit Rechain.
This photograph, clearly shows a triangle-shaped object with red lights on the belly.
There were approximately 1,000 sightings of the Belgian triangle, and many of these were reported by ground observers who could clearly see the craft, and took what they felt would be a good, clear picture. However, when their film was developed, the image was blurry, and had no probative value. This fact came to the attention of August Meessen, physics professor, who was employed by the Catholic University at Louvin.
He developed a theory that the photographic failures were caused by infrared light. He proved his theory through scientific experiments. What this actually means is open to debate, but it appears from witness statements, that the farther away the triangle was from the photographer, the better chance to get a good image.
The sightings over Belgium were investigated, and there was no doubt that unknown, triangular-shaped objects moved over the country for about two years. They were caught on radar, seen by pilots, and witnessed by a general cross section of the public, including policemen.
No explanation could be given, except to say that something very unusual occurred in the Belgian skies. This is one of the best examples of the triangle UFOs, but in future articles, I will detail other special cases of these strange, low-flying craft.
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1910-1930 Battleship or submarine found that is 100 meters long on island, June 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News.
1910-1930 Battleship or submarine found that is 100 meters long on island, June 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: June 1, 2016 Location of discovery: Farquhar island Google Earth Coordinates: 10° 9'12.13"S 51° 3'5.36"E
Yeah, I know, its not a UFO, but it is really cool. I was teaching for more wreckage form the flight MH370 and stumbled upon this old ship or sub. Google ruler says its 95+ meters across, but since one side looks split open, its closer to 100 meters. There is a visible metal railing all around the edge of the craft so that tells me the ship has a metal outside hull. The floor of the craft is hard to make out, so I can't really tell if its metal or wood, which would help narrow down the date of the sinking and the type of craft. I did notice that the ship has a heart shape large fin, like a submarine would have in the back, but it may be just part of the reef its sitting on. If you know what kind of craft this is, what the name of this ship or sub is, or when it sank, please let me know in the comments below. Its driving me nuts not knowing. thanks, Scott C. Waring www.ufosightingsdaily.com
Red Shot Above Earth at Space Station In June 1, 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Red Shot Above Earth at Space Station In June 1, 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News
Date of sighting: June 1, 2016 Location of sighting: Earths orbit, ISS This red shot as Streetcap1 calls it was seen at the space station. It does seem to appear to be coming from the Earth, however I think its much closer, just a few meters from the space station. This object would be about the size of a motorcycle. It is probably a living entity...an organism that lives in the depths of space and has created this glowing color, much like deep ocean creatures making a glow to help find one another. Scott C. Waring www.ufosightingsdaily.com Streetcap1 states: This is shown at real-time speed. When I turned the object in Irfanview, it resembled the shape of a craft or entity.
VIDEO – 1986 UFO Incident Over Alaska with a Japanese freighter aircraft
VIDEO – 1986 UFO Incident Over Alaska with a Japanese freighter aircraft
In November, 1986, a Japanese crew of a jumbo freighter aircraft witnessed a UFO while flying over the state of Alaska. This sighting gained international attention when the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) announced that it was going to officially investigate this sighting because the Air Route Traffic Control Center in Anchorage, Alaska, had reported that the UFO had been detected on radar. Captain Terauchi was featured on numerous radio and TV programs and in People Magazine.
Japan Airlines Flight 1628 Encounters a Massive UFO Midflight Over Alaska
One of the prevailing modern themes among UFO researchers today entails that UFOs have gradually changed in appearance over time. Beginning with amorphous “green fireballs” and “ghost rockets” in the 1940s, by the 1950s and 60s, these “UFOs”, as they were dubbed by head of the USAF Project Blue Book Edward Ruppelt, began to often appear as saucer or disc-shaped. Later, objects resembling eggs, cigars, and a host of other shapes were continually reported up until the later 1980s, when large, silent triangle-shaped aircraft began to become most prevalent amidst popular reports of mystery aircraft in our skies.
A skeptical friend of mine recently questioned me about this apparent trend, noting that, “it’s amazing to me that no one seems to have ever pointed this out or discussed it.” This, of course, was a misperception on his part — although quite an honest one, I believe — as I am often confronted with similar “why has nobody ever…” by my more skeptical friends (and in truth, rather than these being cases of some trend or question never having been addressed by serious UFO researchers, instead they tend to be evidential that many skeptics haven’t, for better or for worse, take time to familiarize themselves with literature about the UFO subject).
Perhaps the idea of “trends” in relation to changes among UFO descriptions over the years isn’t entirely without merit. It does seem that the alleged “silent triangle” UFOs began to appear with greater frequency during the 1980s and early 90s. In equal measure, fewer of the classic “Daylight Discs”, to borrow J. Allen Hynek’s terminology, seem to be seen in the modern era. So it does seem that an argument could be made that descriptions actually have changed some over time.
However, if we look more closely at the reports that have been collected over the decades, and truly attempt to dig deeply enough, at least, that we find credible ones in their midst, we find that many of the so-called “trending” UFOs have actually appeared numerous times over the course of the history of UFOlogy, and are not restricted to specific periods.
Take, for instance, the triangular UFO craft, the earliest appearances of which are largely attributed to the 80s and 90s. Looking further back, we actually find a number of credible witness reports that seem to suggest otherwise. In his 1965 book Anatomy of a Phenomenon, Jacques Vallee shared the following report that occurred in Poland in 1959:
“In March of 1959, on the coast of Poland near Kolobrzeg, Polish soldiers saw the sea suddenly become agitated. A triangular object, each side measuring about four meters, came out of the water and started to fly in circles over the barracks, then sped away and vanished.”
In 1996, my fellow MU blogger Nick Redfern also managed to find a report that occurred six years later in 1965, which had been reported to the MoD at the time it occurred.
“While digging through a whole host of formerly classified files on UFOs at the National Archives at Kew, England in 1996, I came across a one-page report dated 28 March 1965 that, I confess, I almost overlooked. On closer inspection, however, I realized that it was potentially one of the most important UFO-related documents that I had ever come across. According to the MoD paperwork, on the night in question a witness saw at approximately 9.30 p.m. over moor-land near Richmond, North Yorkshire, England: ‘Nine or ten objects – in close triangular formation each about 100ft long – orange illumination below – each triangular in shape with rounded corners, making low humming noise.’ ”
Redfern managed to track down the original witness to this 1965 episode, whose name was listed on the report. The man recalled the encounter with amazement once Nick reached out to him, describing that his car’s motor began to handle roughly immediately prior to the appearance of a large triangle, approximately 100 feet across and moving slowly toward him. The object then took off with amazing speed, angling upward and rising altitude to join a fleet of similar aircraft, which left the area together. For some time after the incident, the witness received numerous calls from an unidentified individual that claimed to work with a division of the government, who inquired about whether he had observed the craft again, or if anyone had interviewed him about it.
Researcher David Marler, author of the book Triangle UFOs: An Estimate of the Situation, also notes early reports of triangle shaped UFOs. Marler and I met in April, 2016, at a conference in Eureka Springs, Arkansas, where I asked him if he had been aware of a report of a triangle-shaped “cloud” with a red light in the center, first related (as far as fringe literature goes, at very least) in Charles Fort’s classic work, The Book of the Damned. Not only had Marler indeed seen this and included it in his own book on the subject, but he had managed to glean a number of similar reports of triangle-shaped objects aircraft that well predated the more popular “modern” reports of silent triangle UFOs.
With little doubt, the same analysis could be applied to other descriptions or classification groups of UFOs, but using the preceding as a general example, the presumption that the UFO phenomenon appears to follow distinct trends over time may not be completely true. Or, at very least, as with all sets of rules, one will generally find exceptions if they look closely enough.
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VIDEO: Inwoners van Boliviaanse stad zien ‘buitenaards wezen uit UFO komen’
VIDEO: Inwoners van Boliviaanse stad zien ‘buitenaards wezen uit UFO komen’
Inwoners van de Boliviaanse stad Santa Cruz hebben naar eigen zeggen een ‘alien’ uit een UFO zien komen. Diverse inwoners van de wijk El Dorado zagen eerst een helder licht aan de hemel dat begon te dalen en vervolgens bij een boom neerkwam. Dat meldt de Boliviaanse krant El Deber.
Het ongeïdentificeerde vliegende object werd gezien op donderdagavond 16 mei rond 22.00 uur. Het is volgens de krant voor het eerst dat zich zoiets in Santa Cruz heeft voorgedaan.
Drie tieners die op weg naar huis waren zeiden dat ze uit het object een vreemd schepsel met lange armen en korte benen zagen komen, dat uiteindelijk tussen de takken verdween. Het wezen zou ook voetafdrukken hebben achtergelaten, melden lokale media.
Heel hard geluid
De getuigen zeiden dat het licht op vuur leek en ook hoorden ze een donderend geluid. “Het wezen had grote ogen,” vertelde één van de getuigen aan de Boliviaanse tv-zender Red Uno.
“We hoorden een heel hard geluid,” zei een vrouw. “Alles viel uit. Er was geen mogelijkheid om het geluid op te nemen. Plotseling viel het naar beneden en verdween het. Ik weet niet wat het geweest is.”
Recht naar beneden
Een andere getuige zei: “Er kwam iets naar beneden, recht naar beneden. Een licht kwam recht naar beneden en kwam neer in die boom. Het probeerde bij dat huis naar binnen te gaan.”
In Bolivia worden vaker UFO’s gezien. Eind vorig jaar beweerde Maria Prado met zijn mobiele telefoon een vliegende schotel te hebben gefilmd in de lucht boven de stad El Alto in La Paz. Het cirkelvormige object verdween uiteindelijk in de wolken. De Mexicaanse krant Excelsior zette echter vraagtekens bij de echtheid van de beelden.
In onderstaande video laten getuigen zien hoe het wezen er volgens hun uitzag:
No matter which candidate is elected U.S. president in November, will he or she have full access to classified UFO and ET documents and will they be able to unveil them to the public? That question was addressed recently by Christopher Mellon, a 20-year high-level employee of the federal government in a variety of national security positions and a member of famous wealthy family that has long held the power and finances to gain access to such data. What does he think and why should we listen to him?
Chris Mellon
According to its website, UFODATA was founded a few years ago “to design, build and deploy a global network of automated surveillance stations that will monitor the skies full time looking for UFOs. UFODATA has no interest in alleged government conspiracies or adding more witness reports or FOIA documents to the thousands already on file.” Despite that pledged aversion to conspiracies, it recently added Chris Mellon to its board. According to his bio on the website, Mellon was “… a Legislative Assistant for Senator William S. Cohen he drafted the legislation establishing the US Special Operations Command … Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Security and Information Operations during the Clinton Administration … Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Intelligence in the Clinton and Bush Administrations.” He also professes a lifelong interest in UFOs. Sounds like someone who might know something about classified UFO documents, doesn’t it?
Since his appointment to the UFODATA board, Mellon has shared his insights on, among other things, the promises that Hillary Clinton and her campaign manager, John Podesta, have made to open government UFO and Area 51 files to the public. Because Area 51 falls under the Department of Defense, Mellon claims presidential access to secret or “compartmented” Programs is on a need-to-know basis.
I recall instances when White House officials sought briefings on highly compartmented Department of Defence (DoD) programs and were flatly refused … In general, nobody outside DoD, including the Secretary of State, is deemed to have a need to know.
Nobody. Mellon goes further to discuss government involvement with UFOs during his time in Washington and what he expects the response to be..
During all those years, I never detected the faintest hint of government interest or involvement in UFOs … I think the conspiracy theorists will be angry and unconvinced.
Not a hint. Why? Mellon says “the UFO mystery is a scientific problem” and, as board member of UFODATA, he offers this advice to Hillary Clinton:
If Clinton really wants to get to the bottom of the UFO issue, I think she should officially task NORAD with collection and analysis responsibility. Simultaneously, she should assign the Office of Science and Technology Policy the job of reviewing available evidence, coordinating with other countries and providing scientific assessments and recommendations.
UFODATA’s proposed approach to collecting UFO data
A scientific approach to UFO research. Would that work? Would the results be accepted by the public? By the skeptics?
Would Chris Mellon and UFODATA be standing by to offer its “global network of automated surveillance stations that will monitor the skies full time looking for UFOs”? If there’s a budget, that’s one question with an easy answer.
Cela fait déjà plusieurs années que j'appuie les faits et découvertes sur nos prédécesseurs (je n'affirme pas "ancêtres" comme certains car non prouvé) sur cette Terre, principalement sur le fait qu'ils n'étaient pas autant "arriérés" ou "préhistoriques", "hommes-singes" ou même "hommes des cavernes" que ce que la majorité des scientifiques croyaient sans réelles preuves, mais juste une certaine psychose de la supériorité (non justifiée) du genre "Homo Sapiens ou Homme-moderne"...
C'est bien sûr le cas pour notre cousin néandertalien avec ces nombreux articles (voir en bas de cet article) et découvertes récentes qui, petit à petit, ont mené à un fort changement de paradigme (et surtout les "a priori" rarement justifiés des scientifiques des 19ème et 20ème siècle) les concernant, la toute dernière découverte en France, absolument extraordinaire, enfonçant encore plus profondément le clou... mais j'en profite aussi pour affirmer qu'encore plus anciens, les "Homo Erectus" ont très probablement aussi leur part d'inventivité et de mystères que nous commençons aussi seulement à entrevoir...
C'est une récente publication scientifique, effectuée après près de 3 ans d'études, dans le très sérieux Nature qui bouleverse ainsi ce qui n'était après tout surtout que des hypothèses, des dogmes basés sur la fausse pensée que seuls les "hommes modernes" avaient des possibilités en matières d'arts, de constructions et de créativités...
C'est dans une profonde grotte située sur la commune de Bruniquel, une petite bourgade de 600 habitants qui surplombe l’Aveyron, perchée sur un piton rocheux, dans le Sud du Quercy, dans le Tarn et Garonne français. La grotte a été découverte en 1992 par un très jeune spéléologue (Bruno Kowalsczewski, 15 ans à l'époque,s'était en fait rappelé que son père lui avait parlé d'un courant d'air sortant d'un trou ou terrier à cet endroit, qu'il avait senti dans les années 50-60 !) qui a réussi a se frayer un chemin sur les 330 mètres en grandes parties obstrués qui séparent la salle principale de l'entrée. Une entrée où il a d'abord découvert des restes de bisons, rennes, cerfs et plusieurs ours bruns... un peu comme un indicateur le menant à se glisser dans des couloirs et passages très étroits et difficiles, obstrués parfois par des coulées d'argiles qu'il déblaie et qui le mènent à une vaste cavité ornée par des draperies de stalactites et possédant un petit lac souterrain ! Et une surprise énorme qui le fera alerter les archéologues : sur 30 mètres carrés environ, des morceaux de stalagmites arrachés et découpés sont disposés en forme de cercle, couchés horizontalement pour la plupart et sur plusieurs couches, alors que d'autres sont disposés comme des étais pour soutenir cette construction étrange ! Puis il tombe sur un os d'ours brûlé, la trace de l'homme, indéniablement...
Prise de mesures pour l'étude archéo-magnétique de la grotte de Bruniquel.
Photo Etienne FABRE. SSAC
Bien sûr dans les années 1990, les scientifiques n'en reviennent pas... des premières analyses et datations ont été effectuées avec les seuls moyens à l'époque, le carbone 14 et ses limites qui sont atteintes avec l'os d'ours brûlé : -47.000 ans... le débat fait rage car on sait déjà à l'époque que seul neanderthal (à priori toujours) était déjà présent en France, la première apparition (à priori) de Cro-Magnon étant estimée à -40.000 ans... La première publication dans le magazine de spéléologie Spelunca (N° 60) raconte en détail la découverte et les premières spéculations et datations. La grotte Chauvet (avec une visite humaine la plus ancienne datée à 37.000 ans récemment) n'a pas encore été découverte, seule Lascaux avec son ancienneté estimée à -22.000 ans sert de référence pratiquement en matière de grotte encore à l'époque...
Mais dès 1996 et les publications dans la presse (Voir Libération), le débat fait rage entre les tenants de l'hypothèse d'un néandertalien plus intelligent, artiste et constructeur et les tenants de l'hypothèse d'un Cro-Magnon présent en France plus tôt que découvert jusqu'à présent (certains ne veulent pas renoncer à l'idée d'une suprématie de Homo Sapiens et aussi d'une certaine "évolution linéaire")... la description des lieux est un peu plus fournie : " pour y pénétrer, il faut d'abord se glisser dans un boyau étroit. Des éboulis et une pente plus tard, démarre une dégringolade vers l'inconnu: une vaste salle, étrange. Le sol ressemble à un cratère lunaire, creusé de dépressions. On dirait des jacuzzi, ce sont des bauges à ours, par dizaines. Des ossements traînent çà et là. De l'ours des cavernes, du castor, de la chauve-souris, du renne...
Les parois sont vierges, tout juste balafrées par des griffades d'ours, venus se nettoyer les pattes ou s'étirer comme de gros chats. La troupe s'avance dans un couloir. A plus de 250 mètres, encore une grande salle. Et là, au beau milieu, l'étrange structure apparaît. « Ça ressemble à un haricot avec un petit rond à côté, dit Michel Soulier, président du club de spéléo de Caussade. En tout cas, c'est du jamais vu sous terre : ici, des centaines de concrétions ont été arrachées, brisées, assemblées pour dessiner un quadrilatère de 4 m sur 5. En son centre, deux amas. A côté, une structure circulaire plus petite. Les spéléologues invitent à Bruniquel François Rouzaud, conservateur du patrimoine à la Direction des affaires culturelles de la région Midi-Pyrénées.... "
L'hypothèse d'une tente et comparaison avec des structures en os de mammouths découvertes en extérieurs sont effectuées à l'époque... car la datation de 47.600 ans est trompeuse et oblige à comparer ce qui est comparable aux mêmes dates (mais on sait maintenant que ces datations sont fausses : les structures sont beaucoup, beaucoup plus vieilles...)
" En Russie, en Ukraine et en Moldavie, des structures (de 45 000 ans environ) mais à l'air libre évoquent celle de Bruniquel. Là-bas, on a retrouvé des assemblages d'os de mammouths, dessinant aussi un quadrilatère, avec, au milieu, deux petits tas : des cale-poteaux. Le tout étant destiné à dresser une toile de tente, une peau de bête. « Ce qui est troublant, c'est que la masse de nos concrétions est équivalente à celle des os de mammouths », dit François Rouzaud. Mais quelle idée de se monter une tente dans une grotte ? En ce temps-là, il faisait plus froid (YH : oui il y a -47.600 ans, et oui aussi à -176.000 ans : c'est la glaciation de Riss, bien qu'il y ait eu une période de douceur s'arrêtant vers -190.000 ans !) et peut-être l'homme de Bruniquel a-t-il cherché à se faire un petit chez soi, facile à chauffer. « On peut aussi imaginer qu'ils ont cherché à améliorer l'éclairage, la tente jouant le rôle d'un abat-jour... Plutôt un comportement de Cro-Magnon. » "
Puis la grotte est restée fermée, sur sa propriété privée à l’emplacement secret, pendant quinze ans...
C’est en 2011 seulement que Bruniquel a reçu la visite de Sophie Verheyden, chercheuse à l’Institut royal des sciences naturelles en Belgique. Elle est également intriguée par les étranges structures de stalagmites et demande l’autorisation de lancer de nouvelles études, car les techniques de datation ont fait beaucoup de progrès depuis les années 1990 : la méthode radioactive «uranium-thorium» permet désormais de remonter jusqu’à - 600 000 ans, et n’est pas limitée à la matière organique comme le carbone 14 : elle fonctionne également avec les minéraux sédimentaires comme les stalagmites et c'est donc l'idéal ici. Une nouvelle équipe se monte, composée de Sophie Verheyden, Jacques Jaubert et du directeur de recherche au CNRS Dominique Genty, avec comme premiers objectifs de faire un relevé de la grotte en 3D, de mesurer le magnétisme de la cavité pour repérer les matériaux brûlés et de carotter les stalagmites pour établir une bonne datation. Car le bris des stalagmites puis la reprise des concrétions et donc la création de nouvelles stalagmites au-dessus des anciennes va permettre une datation très précise, puisqu'il y a une interaction précise des humains sur les sédiments à un moment donné !
Restitution 3D des structures de la grotte de Bruniquel telle qu’elle était avant les repousses stalagmitiques. (image X. Muth. Get in Situ, Archéotransfert, Archéovision. SHS 3D. Base photographique Pascal Mora)
Six carottes de deux centimètres de diamètres ont été effectuées sur des stalagmites comportant les différentes states, pour comparer les résultats, faire une moyenne et limiter les erreurs. Après une attente raisonnable des résultats de plusieurs laboratoires américain et chinois, la surprise est annoncée. La date de fin de pousse des stalagmites couchées et la date de repousse correspondent parfaitement. Sophie Verheyden appelle Jacques Jaubert pour lui donner la datation officielle. Les résultats sont tous très concordants et fiables, et l'âge donné est vertigineux : 176 500 ans avec une marge de + ou - 2000 ans !
Autant on sait que l'homme moderne, nommé aussi Homo Sapiens ou encore Homme de Cro-Magnon visitait des grottes pour y laisser des peintures ou y déposer des sépultures, s'y réfugier, on sait aussi qu'on n'a aucune preuve à ce jour de son existence en Europe avant 40 000 ans par rapport à maintenant (les premières traces de l'homme moderne étant en Roumanie pour l'Europe). Le seul qui est identifié pour une période aussi lointaine en Europe est l'Homme de Neanderthal, et encore c'est un néandertalien "archaïque". Un cousin disparu vers 35 000 ans dont on ne sait presque rien question mode de vie, sinon qu'il s'habillait tant de plumes que de peaux et cuirs, se tatouait, qu'il savait fabriquer des outils de pierre, utilisait le feu et pratiquait possiblement certaines formes d'art (découvertes très récentes) et de rites. Certaines reconstitutions le décrivent comme étant pale aux yeux bleus-gris et possiblement roux (néandertalien de Spy en Belgique), il aurait traversé plusieurs âges de glace pour finir par disparaître mystérieusement 10 000 ans après l'arrivée des hommes modernes en Europe...
La déduction est logique principalement à cause de l'identification de tous les ossements découverts avant 40.000 ans en France comme étant ceux de la race néandertalienne... est-ce vraiment fiable, est-ce que certaines datations ne devraient pas être effectuées avec les moyens modernes plus récents ? Est-ce que des comparaisons avec d'autres races découvertes récemment (Denisovien par exemple) ne devraient pas être tentées avant de tomber à nouveau dans la facilité de déduction ? La possibilité d'une autre race ou même d'une race encore inconnue (l'ADN semble montrer qu'il manque une race pour compléter le génome humain !) est-elle a exclurecomplètement d'emblée ?
Les questions fusent : la présence de ces constructions, assemblages intelligents de stalagmites à 335 mètres de l’entrée de la grotte, dans une obscurité complète implique que ceux qui les ont faites, Neanderthal ou autre, maniait les torches en sous-sol bien avant l’homme moderne (rappel : on a trouvé des foyers vieux d'un million d'année en Afrique, donc Erectus avait déjà domestiqué le feu). « C’était probablement un groupe, un collectif avec des personnes qui éclairaient pendant que d’autres transportaient et agençaient les stalagmites », réfléchit Jaubert. Donc il y avait toute une organisation avec des rôles différents et répartis entre les individus. Une coordination, des échanges. Peut-être aussi une hiérarchie, un chef ou un "connaisseur" qui donnait des ordres ou des conseils. Sans oublier la phase préalable de recherche et de choix des matériaux pour monter la drôle de structure. Le travail fut complexe : il y a 400 «speleofacts» dans la cavité – un néologisme créé par les trois chercheurs pour désigner les spéléothèmes (concrétions minérales) transformées par ceux qui ont créé cet assemblage.
Détail de «spéléofacts», structures aménagées composées de stalagmites brisées et agencées, noircis par le feu. (Photo Michel Soulier. SSAC)
Les visiteurs préhistoriques de la grotte « ont arraché des stalagmites, les ont basculées, sectionnées, fragmentées, tronçonnées voire même calibrées pour les disposer de manière circulaire ou les entasser dans les parties centrales de la structure, selon un plan qui était certainement prédéterminé. Les hommes ont déplacé entre 2,1 tonnes et 2,4 tonnes de matériaux. Ce n’est pas un acte anodin. Les bâtisseurs avaient certainement un objectif en amont, mais il est impossible de le connaître à l’heure actuelle. Par élimination, on peut supposer qu’il n’y a pas trop de raisons de type habitat (la tente ou cabane montée dans une grotte n'est pas une hypothèse retenue par les scientifiques), de raisons techniques ou alimentaires… On est progressivement acculés dans le domaine de l’immatériel, qu’on a du mal à appréhender pour ces périodes très anciennes. » De l’art ? Un rite ou un culte ? « C’est un terrain très dangereux, et il faut vraiment réfléchir à deux fois avant de lâcher un mot de ce genre. »
Pourtant, les preuves d'une intervention intelligente sont bien là : Dominique Genty détaille les différentes preuves : d’abord, la carte des anomalies magnétiques réalisée dans la grotte montre les différents endroits où de la magnétite a été créée en chauffant des minéraux. Cette carte coïncide avec les foyers relevés par les chercheurs en observant la calcite rougie ou noircie par le feu. Ensuite, il y a ce bout d’os qu’on a retrouvé coincé entre une stalagmite couchée et sa repousse. « C’est de l’os carbonisé, conclut Genty. On l’a analysé avec un spectre infrarouge, et on sait qu’il a été chauffé à 300 ou 400 degrés. » Donc des hommes étaient là, avec leurs outils préhistoriques pour faire le feu, au moment où les stalagmites ont été installées. Enfin, ce n’est pas une preuve formelle mais les tronçons de stalagmite ont manifestement tous une taille similaire : il y a un calibre moyen pour les tronçons de la grande structure circulaire, et un autre calibre moyen pour les plus petites structures. Or « la nature ne calibre pas les stalagmites ».
Un seul problème pour l'instant, mais les fouilles doivent être très prudentes de peur de détériorer cette construction : aucune réelle trace de néandertalien dans la grotte, pas d'outils, d'empreintes laissées... mais ce n'est que le début, il va falloir des années pour tout étudier et répondre aux multiples questions : Les Néandertaliens (ou autres ?) sont-ils venus monter leur structure d’un seul jet, en une fois, ou sont-ils venus sur plusieurs saisons ? Combien de temps faut-il pour organiser savamment deux tonnes de stalagmites à la lueur de torches, à 50 mètres de profondeur ? « On s’est promis de se donner les moyens de répondre à cette question », affirment les trois chercheurs, qui devraient étudier Bruniquel de nombreuses années encore. Au programme de 2016, ils espèrent faire un peu d’archéologie expérimentale : « Il faut trouver une grotte qui soit accessible, avec suffisamment de concrétions que l’on puisse bouger… On aimerait bien manipuler des spéléothèmes. ». Il serait en effet possible de reconstituer le travail accompli à cette lointaine époque.
Il serait aussi intéressant de dater la fermeture de la grotte, qui est bien moins accessible aujourd’hui qu’au paléolithique moyen, et puis revoir des empreintes et des griffures d’ours au fond de la grotte, dans une zone qui n’a pas encore été très explorée de peur de l’abîmer. Peut-être y a-t-il d’autres traces humaines de ce côté-là ? C'est donc une découverte à suivre, avec probablement des réponses à certaines questions, qui vont encore plus probablement en amener d'autres...
Une donnée importante à retenir : il y a une vingtaine de "points de chauffe" (ou "âtres", "foyers", "torchères") et ils sont tous situés au-dessus des structures montrées et non pas sur le sol même...
Pour finir, je rappelle également la découverte de structures étranges en forme de cercles et de quadrilatères (un peu comme ces structures faites en stalagmites donc) en Afrique du Sud, donc l'âge estimé par certains chercheurs va jusqu'à 200 000 ans, donc assez proches de ces structures découvertes en France... un possible lien pourra-t-il être établi un jour ? Voici le lien vers un article qui est consacré à ces découvertes étranges en Afrique du sud (vers le bas de l'article) :
Scientists have captured dramatic video footage of what happens to liquid droplets when they are hit with the beam of an X-ray laser. Spoiler alert: They explode.
These are the first movies of the microscopic realm showing water being vaporized by the world's brightest X-ray laser, taken at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. Data from this research could lead to better understanding and use of X-ray lasers in experiments, according to SLAC.
The footage shows the X-ray pulse ripping a drop of liquid apart, which creates a cloud of smaller particles and vapor. When the X-ray pulse hits a jet of liquid,it initially creates a hole in the stream. As the gap grows, the ends of the jet become an umbrella-like shape, eventually folding back to merge with the jet. [Gallery: Dreamy Images Reveal Beauty in Physics]
Scientists use X-ray lasers' extremely bright, fast flashes of light to take atomic-level snapshots of nature's speediest processes.
"Understanding the dynamics of these explosions will allow us to avoid their unwanted effects on samples," Claudiu Stan of the Stanford PULSE Institute, a joint institute of Stanford University in California and SLAC, said in a statement.
"It could also help us find new ways of using explosions caused by X-rays to trigger changes in samples and study matter under extreme conditions," he said. "These studies could help us better understand a wide range of phenomena in X-ray science and other applications."
Liquids are commonly used to bring samples into the X-ray beam's path for analysis. In only a tiny fraction of a second, samples can blow up from the power of an ultrabright X-ray, but researchers can, in most cases, take the data they need before damage sets in.
The new study, published online May 23, 2016, in the journal Nature Physics, shows, in microscopic detail, how these explosions unfold. The researchers took one image, timed from five-billionths of a second to one ten-thousandth of a second, for each X-ray pulse hitting the liquid. The images were then edited together into movies.
From the data gathered during these experiments and their resulting movies, the researchers developed mathematical models to describe the liquid explosions. These models could help researchers tune the lasers more precisely, and will eventually be used in experiments employing extremely high-powered X-ray lasers. That could include the European XFEL, a laser currently under construction in Germany that will fire thousands of times faster than those at SLAC.
"The jets in our study took up to several millionths of a second to recover from each explosion, so if X-ray pulses come in faster than that, we may not be able to make use of every single pulse for an experiment," Stan said. "Fortunately, our data show that we can already tune the most commonly used jets in a way that they recover quickly, and there are ways to make them recover even faster."
Where Are All The Stars? They’re Being Destroyed By Black Holes
Where Are All The Stars? They’re Being Destroyed By Black Holes
Kavli IPMU
IN BRIEF
Scientists finally have the evidence to support the theory that black holes are to blame for preventing some galaxies from forming new stars, a long-standing mystery referred to as "galactic warming."
BLACK HOLE CAUGHT RED-HANDED
For years, astronomers have been baffled by a mysterious phenomenon in which galaxies are left dormant, with only red dwarf stars remaining in them. These galaxies have the full resources to form new stars, but for some reason, they are not making any new ones—a process called “galactic warming.”
Astronomers have long suspected that black holes were the culprit, but could not find enough incriminating evidence.
However, they were recently caught red-handed—using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey’s (SDSS) new field spectroscopic survey, Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA), a new addition to the Sloan Foundation Telescope’s arsenal.
Because MaNGA can provide more detailed images of galaxies, particularly “two-dimensional maps of stellar velocity” and “velocity dispersion and ionized gas velocity,” among other elements for observation, it is capable of capturing subtle and quick changes to galaxies.
According to the SDSS: “Unlike previous SDSS surveys which measured spectra only at the centers of target galaxies, MaNGA bundles sets of optical fibers into tightly-packed arrays, enabling spectral measurements across the face of each of ~10,000 nearby galaxies.”
Artist’s rendition of the phenomenon. Akira (right) has a black hole that pulls gases from nearby galaxy Tetsuo (left). Credit: Kavli IPMU
HOW IT HAPPENS
Astronomers observed that a supermassive black hole at the center of a galaxy, named Akira, was pulling gases from another nearby galaxy, Tetsuo. This fuels the black hole in Akira, keeping it alive, and causing it to detonate winds so hot and energetic that it prevents the formation of new stars.
Edmond Cheung, astronomer at the University of Tokyo’s Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, lead the study along with an international team of astronomers.
“You can think of these winds as super-heating the atmospheres of galaxies,” says Cheung. “As soon as any gas starts to cool, it gets blasted by this wind, like water droplets turning to steam.”
The barren galaxies are named “red geysers,” due to the geyser eruption-like wind outbursts the black hole emits, destroying any new stars before they form and leaving the galaxy with only old red dwarfs.
Planet nine: op zoek naar de ‘best mogelijke verklaring’
Planet nine: op zoek naar de ‘best mogelijke verklaring’
DOOR BENEDICTE LEMMELIJN.
Wetenschappers ontdekten onlangs een nieuwe planeet. Of daar gaan ze toch van uit. De planeet werd nooit echt geobserveerd en het bestaan ervan wordt afgeleid uit indirecte bewijzen. Het is immers de ‘best mogelijke verklaring’. Als zoiets kan binnen de exacte wetenschappen kan het in de theologie dan ook voor de duiding van de werkelijkheid die ons ‘overstijgt’?
Of u het ook vernam, weet ik niet, maar ik kwam het te weten via de krant… Intussen kan u het overal googelen en het via een leerrijk filmpje te weten komen: Amerikaanse wetenschappers maakten onlangs de ontdekking bekend van een nieuwe planeet in ons eigenste zonnestelsel, ‘planet nine’, de negende. Op zich is dat al opzienbarend nieuws, maar voor mij nog opzienbarender is de wijze waarop deze kennis tot stand komt. Wat ik u hier vertel heeft natuurlijk ongetwijfeld te lijden onder mijn beperkt positief-wetenschappelijk begripsvermogen, maar de kern ervan komt toch wel min of meer in de buurt. Men ontdekte in ons zonnestelsel, héél héél ver van hier, een reusachtige planeet, die tot tien keer groter is dan de aarde met een diameter van twee tot vier keer deze van de aarde, en die twintig keer verder van de zon verwijderd is dan Neptunus, onze verste buur. De kring van haar baan duurt niet één jaar zoals bij de aarde, of tien jaar zoals bij Jupiter, maar twintigduizend jaar! Op zijn minst indrukwekkend…
Als u nu, zoals ik, dacht dat men deze planeet ontdekt heeft met reuze-telescopen of andere ingenieuze toestellen, dan hebt u het mis. Men heeft namelijk deze planeet nog op geen enkele wijze gezien. Er is geen enkele directe observatie. Men beschikt alleen over ‘indirect bewijs’. Het aannemen van het bestaan van deze megaplaneet wordt, weliswaar op basis van verworven kennis in gelijkaardige observaties, ‘de best mogelijke verklaring’ genoemd voor een aantal verschijnselen die men wél kan zien. Men heeft met name vastgesteld dat elementen zich in de zogenaamde Kuipergordel bewegen in een vaste baan en in dezelfde richting. Er wordt een soort zwaartekracht waargenomen, en dit in een zone die veel groter is dan die van eender welke andere planeet in ons zonnestelsel. De kans dat zoiets toevallig is, is 0,007%: “onmogelijk… tenzij er iets anders aanwezig is”, concluderen de ontdekkers in de Astronomical Journal. “We hebben getracht eerst sceptisch te zijn”, beweren de onderzoekers, maar het blijft “de meest plausibele verklaring”: er moet een planeet zijn die dit alles veroorzaakt.
Indirecte aanwijzingen
Onze nieuwe verre buur wordt dus niet bekend gemaakt omdat hij direct geobserveerd werd. Neen, zijn bestaan wordt ‘gepostuleerd’, en ja, u leest het goed: ‘gepostuleerd’, op basis van deductie tegen de achtergrond van de toepassing van wiskundige modellen en computersimulaties. Voor mij, die geleerd werd dat positieve wetenschappen met ‘bewijzen’ en ‘feiten’ werken, klinkt dit merkwaardig. Als we in de theologie en de filosofie nadenken, observeren, induceren en deduceren en dat ook op een methodische wijze – lees: ‘wetenschappelijke’ wijze –, doen, dan wordt dit niet positief-wetenschappelijk genoemd. Maar wat me nog méér treft, is de volkomen analogie in een andere deductie.
Al duizenden jaren zien, observeren en beschrijven wij, kleine mensen, wat er is, wat er groeit en bloeit, wat er beweegt en zich ontplooit in de natuur die ongelooflijk mooi en ingenieus in elkaar zit. We bewonderen de kern van de menselijke cellen en de bouw van een regenworm. We onderzoeken de samenstelling van de wolken en beschrijven met verbazing de wijze van ademhalen en drinken van een sprietje duingras. En niet in het minst staren we ons blind op het heelal in al zijn duizelingwekkende grootsheid… Bij het aanschouwen van zoveel ‘indirect bewijs’, zij wij, mensenkinderen, tot de conclusie gekomen dat ‘de best mogelijke verklaring’ zou zijn dat er ‘iets anders en groters moet zijn’ aan de oorsprong van dat alles. In de grondlaag van alle religies articuleerde zich een scheppingsgedachte die ingebed werd en wordt in een ‘geloof’ in iets dat die mooie wereld overstijgt, in het ‘transcendente’. Dat iets werd Iemand, en die Iemand wordt God genoemd.
Neen, we zien dat ‘andere’, dat ‘grotere’, dat ‘goddelijke’ niet. Inderdaad, we geven het in onze theologie ook grif toe. ‘God is groter’: we kunnen hem niet ‘vatten’ of begrijpen. Maar wat we wél zien, zijn ‘indirecte aanwijzingen’, zou men kunnen zeggen. En alle filosofische en theologische godsbewijzen die al dan niet overtuigen ten spijt, is het zien van wat we wel kunnen zien – net zoals de vliegende elementen in de baan van onze nieuwe mysterieuze planeet – de eerste aanleiding tot het ‘postuleren’ van de ‘best mogelijke en meest plausibele verklaring’ ervan: iets of iemand, hoe we die ook omschrijven of zijn gaan invullen, die ons mensen en onze hele wereld, het heelal en ‘planet nine’ incluis, overstijgt…
An Alien in Our Solar System: Planet 9 Might Have Once Belonged to Another Star
An Alien in Our Solar System: Planet 9 Might Have Once Belonged to Another Star
NASA
IN BRIEF
Astronomers at Lund University in Sweden have discovered—through detailed computer simulations—that the hypothetical “Planet 9” might actually be an exoplanet that was stolen by the Sun from another star during the chaotic early days of the Solar System.
THE CHANGELING
It seems our Solar System’s planets might have a foster sibling. “Planet 9,” which has been much in the news of late, may really be the spawn of another sun.
At least that’s the word coming out of a computer simulation study run by a team of astronomers at Lund University in Sweden, which examined the orbital dynamics of the Solar System during its early youth, some 4.5 billion years ago.
If it’s true, it means our Solar System hosts an interstellar interloper—an extrasolar planet that’s not “extrasolar” at all, but is a member of our Sun’s own retinue of planetary bodies.
Which leads to a very unusual possibility—the first exoplanet we visit may actually belong to our own Solar System.
“It is almost ironic that while astronomers often find exoplanets hundreds of light years away in other solar systems, there’s probably one hiding in our own backyard,” observes Alexander Mustill of Lund University.
“Planet 9” lurking in the lonely marches of the outer Solar System. Credit: K. Gill
CRADLE-ROBBING
Now, this doesn’t mean our Sun was a malignant and mean-spirited parent, robbing sibling stars of their rightful children. But it’s a function of the curious gravitational dynamics that were likely at play in the Solar System’s natal cloud—what was probably a giant star-formation factory, somewhat like the famous Orion or Carina nebulas.
These immense molecular clouds are dominated by a central cluster of extremely big—and extremely short-lived—O and B type stars; these explode after a few million years, releasing density waves that further contract the star-formation cloud, and spawn the condensation of thousands of smaller stars.
So our own Sun was merely one of many similar stars that formed in very close proximity to each other. In fact, 4.5 billion years ago, our sun was closer to other stars than it ever will (very likely) be again. This meant a lot of fidgety jostling, as young siblings are wont to do—a lot of gravitational pushing and shoving.
And the Lund University simulation indicates that the Sun probably captured Planet 9 after a particularly energetic bit of stellar horseplay.
“When the Sun later departed from the stellar cluster in which it was born, Planet 9 was stuck in an orbit around the Sun.”
It’s even possible than certain outer planets of our own early Solar System were stripped away and captured by the Sun’s nursery-mates; in any case, if Planet 9 really is a captured exoplanet, it probably means our only real chance to study an alien planet up close.
“This is the only exoplanet that we, realistically, would be able to reach using a space probe,” Mustill concludes.
America’s New Superweapon? Electromagnetic Projectile Launchers That Fire at 4500 MPH
America’s New Superweapon? Electromagnetic Projectile Launchers That Fire at 4500 MPH
The railgun projectile gains speed as it travels the length of a 32-foot barrel, exiting the muzzle at 4,500 miles an hour, or more than a mile a second.
How it works!
U.S. Department of Defense
IN BRIEF
The new focus of military weapons right now is the railgun. It is capable of launching a projectile 125 miles at Mach 6 speeds using electromagnetic fields.
EXPERIMENTAL WEAPONS
For several years now, America has been toying with the idea of railguns, weapons that fire not through gunpowder or chemical explosives, but through electromagnetic fields. Yes, these are electromagnetic projectile launchers. Now, they are not only close to reality, but right on the cusp of deployment.
Essentially, the railguns being developed right now operate on the following concept: There are electrical current charges on either side of the barrel of the gun, creating magnetic fields that push projectiles at amazing speeds.
What’s more, in contrast to conventional bullets that lose acceleration mere moments after the powder ignites, railgun bullets actually speed up. The railgun projectile gains more speed as it travels the length of the 32-foot (~10 m) barrel, exiting the muzzle at a staggering 4,500 miles an hour (more than 7,000 kph), or more than a mile a second.
Check out the tech in the video below:
Amazing speeds make for amazing impacts…and the utter destruction of amazing targets. The military is already envisioning the use of railguns against basically everything—tanks, aircraft, ships, terrorist camps, even other missiles.
But in truth, railguns are not an entirely new field for the military. Former President Ronald Reagan’s Strategic Defense Initiative—the Star Wars missile defense—wanted to use the railgun to shoot down nuclear missiles. Those plans were stalled by 1980s technology. Now they are actually possible.
BRINGING BACK BATTLESHIPS
One of the first platforms the railgun will be gracing is, not surprisingly, ships. Particularly, battleships and destroyers. Due to the large power requirements of the gun— a 25 megawatt power plant and large capacitor bank— only ships can carry it, with the most likely candidate being the DDG 1000 Zumwalt-class destroyers and its 78-megawatt integrated power system
The Navy retired much of its gun battleships after WWII, due to limited range and accuracy of gunpowder weapons. Missiles and jet fighters became the name of the game during the Cold War, extending range of ship operations. Now, battleships may get a resurgence.
The Navy’s current 6-inch guns have a range of 15 miles (24 km). The 16-inch guns of WWII battleships are at 24 miles (38 km). In contrast, the railgun has a range of 125 miles (201 km).
When fitted with railgun tech, the range of 6-inch Navy guns was extended to 38 miles (61 km). The Army’s 155mm howitzers also got extended range when fitted with the tech.
Polar Mesospheric Clouds Illuminated by Orbital Sunrise
Polar Mesospheric Clouds Illuminated by Orbital Sunrise
acquired June 16, 2010download large image (302 KB, JPEG, 1440x720)
Polar mesospheric clouds can be observed from both the Earth’s surface and in orbit by astronauts aboard the International Space Station (ISS). The clouds are also called noctilucent, or “night-shining,” clouds because they are usually seen at twilight. When the Sun sets below the horizon and the Earth’s surface gets dark, these clouds are still briefly illuminated by sunlight. Occasionally the space station’s high-altitude orbital track becomes nearly parallel to the Earth’s day/night terminator for a time, allowing polar mesospheric clouds to be visible to the crew at times other than the usual twilight.
This unusual astronaut photograph shows polar mesospheric clouds illuminated by the rising, rather than setting Sun. Low clouds on the horizon appear yellow and orange, while higher clouds and aerosols (particles like dust and pollution) are illuminated a brilliant white. Polar mesospheric clouds appear as light blue ribbons extending across the top of the image. These clouds typically occur at high latitudes of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, and high altitudes (76–85 kilometers, near the boundary between the mesosphere and thermosphere atmospheric layers).
The ISS was located over the Greek island of Kos in the Aegean Sea (near the southwestern coastline of Turkey) when the image was taken at approximately midnight local time. The ISS was tracking northeastward, nearly parallel to the terminator, making it possible to observe an apparent “sunrise” almost due north. Earlier this year, a similarly unusual alignment of the ISS orbit track, the terminator position, and the seasonal position of the Earth in its orbit around the Sun allowed astronauts to capture striking imagery of polar mesospheric clouds over the Southern Hemisphere.
Astronaut photograph ISS024-E-6136 was acquired on June 16, 2010, with a Nikon D2Xs digital camera using a 180 mm lens, and is provided by the ISS Crew Earth Observations experiment and Image Science & Analysis Laboratory, Johnson Space Center. The image was taken by the Expedition 24 crew. The image in this article has been cropped and enhanced to improve contrast. Lens artifacts have been removed. The International Space Station Program supports the laboratory as part of the ISS National Lab to help astronauts take pictures of Earth that will be of the greatest value to scientists and the public, and to make those images freely available on the Internet. Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the NASA/JSC Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth. Caption by William L. Stefanov and Michael Trenchard, NASA-JSC.
FOOTAGE of a UFO captured by an amateur drone enthusiast has mystified internet users attempting to identify the strange object.
The four-second clip, filmed from 80 metres above Silicon Valley, California, last year, shows a small white object shoot across the sky past the hovering drone.
The speed of the object appears to rule out insects or dust from air pollution as possible explanations.
Confused Reddit users attempted to make sense of the mystery.
YOUTUBE
MYSTERIOUS LIFE: Internet users are struggling to explain what the object could be
“Even though it's quite a bit of motion blur on the object it appears to have some what of a distinct shape to it,” said Wyldcat.
“Either a disc shape or a wing shape with a cylinder/jet engine on top of it.”
Other users called for freeze frames to be analysed of the shape in order to ensure that they were not being fooled by CGI hoaxers.
“I thought it was a bug at first, but after watching the slow motion video it has to be some kind of military drone or something,” said EducatedHippy.
YOUTUBE
SKY HIGH: A drone hovering at 80m above Silicon Valley, California, captured the video
One YouTube user estimated the distance the object travelled as around one mile every one to two seconds.
That would give it a speed of around 2890 km/h, roughly 2.4 times the speed of sound.
The airspeed record is held by the Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird spy plane, clocking in a top speed of 3,529.6 km/h.
“I have no idea what this is, maybe a bug, hummingbird, reflection or alien space craft!” wrote the video’s author, Darmino, on a drone enthusiasts’ forum.
“The only thing I know for sure is that I did nothing that would cause this.”
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:News from the FRIENDS of facebook ( ENG )
Monthly Statistical MUFON Report - for May 2016:
Monthly Statistical MUFON Report - for May 2016:
CMS continues to amass sighting reports from around the globe. In May 2016 there were 545 sightings reported to MUFON through CMS from the following countries;
Country
Number of Reports
UNITED STATES
395
CANADA
47
UNITED KINGDOM
20
GERMANY
9
AUSTRALIA
8
INDIA
8
NEW ZEALAND
5
IRAN, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF
3
BRAZIL
3
SOUTH AFRICA
3
PUERTO RICO
3
PERU
3
PORTUGAL
2
FRANCE
2
NORWAY
2
ITALY
2
TAIWAN
2
MALAYSIA
2
SPAIN
2
GREECE
1
CHINA
1
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
1
CZECH REPUBLIC
1
POLAND
1
PANAMA
1
FINLAND
1
COSTA RICA
1
SLOVENIA
1
NETHERLANDS
1
FIJI
1
TANZANIA, UNITED REPUBLIC OF
1
ROMANIA
1
ZIMBABWE
1
OMAN
1
TURKEY
1
COLOMBIA
1
GUAM
1
THAILAND
1
EGYPT
1
IRELAND
1
GEORGIA
1
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
1
LITHUANIA
1
TOTAL:
545
Within the United States the distribution by State was as follows;
State
Number of Reports
California
51
Texas
30
New York
19
Arizona
18
Michigan
18
Pennsylvania
18
Ohio
17
Florida
16
Washington
12
North Carolina
12
Missouri
11
Georgia
10
New Jersey
10
Tennessee
10
Illinois
9
New Mexico
8
Massachusetts
7
Oregon
7
Virginia
7
Indiana
7
South Carolina
7
Kentucky
7
Maine
6
Iowa
6
Minnesota
6
Colorado
6
Connecticut
6
Utah
5
Idaho
5
Alabama
4
Alaska
4
Maryland
4
New Hampshire
4
Wisconsin
4
Nebraska
3
Nevada
3
Kansas
3
Mississippi
3
Oklahoma
2
West Virginia
2
Louisiana
2
North Dakota
2
Vermont
1
Arkansas
1
Rhode Island
1
Montana
1
If you are getting more sighting reports than listed here, please be sure to enter them manually into CMS. To make this happen automatically, make sure your local MUFON Website is pointing to the CMS Reporting form on www.mufon.com and direct all calls you get to the MUFON website so that witnesses can enter their own report directly into CMS.
ALL sighting reports received by CMS are already filled in by the witness, saving you and your investigators time. Each report is automatically sent to YOU, the State Director and Assistant State Director, for you to assign someone to follow-up and complete the report.
If a UFO sighting comes in over the phone, or by e-mail, and you want to enter it yourself, simply go to CMS at http://mufoncms.com (once logged in) and click on "ADD CASE" in the upper right hand corner of the screen. This gives you a blank sighting reporting form that you can fill out while the witness is on the phone. Once the report is filled out be sure to click "SAVE" and you will have easily added your NEW report to CMS.
Other interesting data points in CMS during May 2016 are the shape of the UFOs reported which were as follows;
Shape of Object
Number of Reports
Sphere
105
Triangle
53
Other
45
Star-like
44
Disc
43
Unknown
37
Circle
35
Oval
33
Fireball
32
N/A
24
Cylinder
19
Square/Rectangular
17
Diamond
12
Flash
12
Cigar
10
Blimp
8
Boomerang
8
Chevron
7
Saturn-like
5
Teardrop
5
Egg
4
Bullet/Missile
4
Cone
3
Cross
3
as well as the distance from the observer;
Distance from Witness
Number of Reports
< 100 ft
103
101-500 ft
71
501 ft - 1 Mile
102
Over 1 Mile
154
Unknown
170
NO VALUE
24
Most impressively there were 17 Landings, Hovering, or Takeoffs reported and 1 Entities observed.
To review the CMS data yourself go to www.mufon.com and click on "UFO Case Files" to 1.) Easily look at the Last 20 Sightings, or 2.) Do a customized search of the CMS database by date and/or location, or 3.) Logon to CMS for even more detailed UFO sighting information about your State and the World.
I hope you are enjoying our new internet based Sighting and Reporting System. For questions regarding its use please refer to the User Guide available on your CMS main menu screen. Please send your questions and/or suggestions to Jan Harzan at janharzan@hotmail.com.
Beste bezoeker, Heb je zelf al ooit een vreemde waarneming gedaan, laat dit dan even weten via email aan Frederick Delaere opwww.ufomeldpunt.be. Deze onderzoekers behandelen jouw melding in volledige anonimiteit en met alle respect voor jouw privacy. Ze zijn kritisch, objectief maar open minded aangelegd en zullen jou steeds een verklaring geven voor jouw waarneming! DUS AARZEL NIET, ALS JE EEN ANTWOORD OP JOUW VRAGEN WENST, CONTACTEER FREDERICK. BIJ VOORBAAT DANK...
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 73 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
![pasfoto_BL[1]](https://kuleuvenblogt.files.wordpress.com/2016/02/pasfoto_bl1.jpg?w=153&h=204)
