Kan een afbeelding zijn van hond

Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.

This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.

Carl Sagan Space GIF by Feliks Tomasz Konczakowski

X Files Ufo GIF by SeeRoswell.com

1990: Petit-Rechain, Belgium triangle UFO photograph - Think AboutIts

Ufo Pentagon GIF

ufo abduction GIF by Ski Mask The Slump God

Flying Sci-Fi GIF by Feliks Tomasz Konczakowski

Season 3 Ufo GIF by Paramount+

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Goodbye
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De bronafbeelding bekijken

De bronafbeelding bekijken

Beste bezoeker, bedankt voor uw bezoek.

Dear visitor, thank you for your visit.

Cher visiteur, je vous remercie de votre visite.

Liebe Besucher, vielen Dank für Ihren Besuch.

Estimado visitante, gracias por su visita.

Gentile visitatore, grazie per la vostra visita.

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    The purpose of  this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and  free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category.
    Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
     

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    Rondvraag / Poll
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    Denk Jij dat UFO's buitenaards zijn? Do You think that UFOs are extraterrestrial? Les OVNIS sont- ils ET?
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    Zoeken in blog

    Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.

    In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!

    In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.

    BEDANKT!!!

    Een interessant adres?
    UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
    UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld
    In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog. Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch... Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels. MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen. MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity... Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com. Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal. Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP. ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
    27-05-2017
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Royal Canadian Air Force Causes UFO Scare Over Lake Ontario

    Royal Canadian Air Force Causes UFO Scare Over Lake Ontario

    Social media and local news outlets throughout upstate New York were swamped with reports of strange lights over Lake Ontario on the evening of May 23rd. Just around dusk, a formation of eerie floating lights appeared over the Canadian side of the lake, prompting curiosity from hundreds of local residents.

    Many social media users believed the lights could be drones.

    Many social media users speculated the lights could be drones.

    Eyewitness Kate Caven told local Buffalo news station WIVB that residents throughout the Lake Ontario region were perplexed about the source of the lights, which seemed to hover in the air above the lake:

    Some people were concerned maybe they were distress signals, but we couldn’t see any boats. And then some people mentioned maybe a meteor shower, but again they weren’t really moving. So that’s pretty much what most people were saying other than UFOs or aliens. I joked around with my friend Matt who was with me, if they were coming to take us, I was ready, that that wasn’t a bad way to go out if I could see an alien.

    It sure wouldn’t be, Karen. Shortly after the reports came in, however, the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) claimed responsibility for the sighting. According to an RCAF spokesperson, the lights were training flares dropped by a Hercules Model 8 CCC-130H aircraft in the 424th squadron out of 8 wing Trenton, Ontario, who were conducting a search and rescue exercise in the area.

    Smoke trails can be seen trailing behind each descending flare.

    However, there are some alleged inconsistencies in the RCAF’s story. The RCAF spokesperson’s statement claims the flares were dropped around 9:30 p.m., yet some social media commenters noted that they observed the flares hours earlier. Other commenters noted that the lights appeared to move up and down in the air above the lake. Of course, the mind sometimes sees what it wants to see, and at such a distance, it could be difficult to judge movement.

    After the RCAF claimed similar exercises are routine, some residents wondered why flares aren’t a more common sight.

    Meanwhile, according to a few sources, the U.S. Coast Guard reportedly initially ruled out basic flares as the source of the phenomenon. However, a quick comparison with images of artillery flares indeed shows a clear resemblance to the Lake Ontario lights. While a government UFO cover-up makes for great headlines, this case is likely exactly what the RCAF says it was.

    Artillery illumination rounds are commonly used in military operations.

    Artillery illumination rounds are commonly used in military operations.

     TAGS: 

    http://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

    27-05-2017 om 00:50 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:News from the FRIENDS of facebook ( ENG )
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Planeet Jupiter lijkt anders ineen te zitten dan gedacht - HLN.be

    Planeet Jupiter lijkt anders ineen te zitten dan gedacht - HLN.be 

    Bron: Belga, DPA

    Een schets die NASA liet maken van Juno bij Jupiter. 

    © EPA.

    De reuzenplaneet Jupiter lijkt anders in elkaar te zitten dan aanvankelijk gedacht. Dat blijkt uit eerste resultaten van de Juno-missie waarover is bericht in de wetenschappelijke vakbladen Science en Geophysical Research Letters en waarover betrokken vorsers van de Universiteit van Luik hebben bericht.

    De Zuidpool van de planeet jupiter.
     © afp.

    Op 27 augustus 2016 maakte de ruimtesonde Juno een eerste scheervlucht langs Jupiter, de grootste planeet van ons zonnestelsel. Sindsdien gebeurde dit nog vijf keer, en er volgen er nog zeven. Doel is meer te weten te komen over de atmosfeer, het magnetische veld en het inwendige van Jupiter. 

    De eerste resultaten dateren van die eerste omloop. Anders dan sondes die Jupiter eerder hebben verkend, volgt de in augustus 2011 gelanceerde Juno een baan over beide polen van de planeet. De daarbij gemaakte opnames tonen een chaotisch tafereel van heldere ovale structuren: cyclonen met een diameter tot 1400 kilometer. Van de karakteristieke bandenstructuur die de Jupiteratmosfeer op lagere breedten laat zien, is rond de polen niets meer terug te vinden. 

    Zelfde weersysteem als op Aarde
    Thermisch onderzoek van de atmosfeer leerde dat rond de evenaar ammoniak uit de diepte opwelt. Dat duidt op een weersysteem dat wij ook op Aarde kennen: de circulaties waarbij warme lucht bij de evenaar opstijgt en vervolgens richting Noord- en Zuidpool stroomt. Wat zich in het hart van Jupiter afspeelt is echter nog steeds onduidelijk. 

    Voorts is het magnetisch veld rond Jupiter veel sterker dan verwacht: tien keer zoveel als het magnetisch veld rondom de Aarde. Onderzoek van de hele magnetosfeer leert dat de reuzenplaneet een heel andere wisselwerking met zijn omgeving heeft dan onze planeet.

    Lees ook

    Cyclonen met een diameter tot 1.400 kilometer.
     © afp.

    http://www.hln.be/ }

    27-05-2017 om 00:38 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:HLN.be - Het Laatste Nieuws ( NL)
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Paul Davies puts a brake on the idea of a universe teeming with life

    Paul Davies puts a brake on the idea of a universe teeming with life

    An artist's conception of what the surface of the exoplanet TRAPPIST-1f may look like.
    An artist's conception of what the surface of the exoplanet TRAPPIST-1f may look like. 
    AP
    by Andrew Masterson

    Around half a century ago, when NASA's Apollo missions were taking brave men to play golf on the moon, the idea of extraterrestrials was the province of science-fiction authors and acid-tripping dreamers.

    How times change. Today, the press is full of stories about planets and moons, near and far, pregnant with the possibilities of life.

    We read about abundant hydrogen on Saturn's moon Enceladus, a sign, perhaps, of microbial activity. We note another of Saturn's moons, Titan, likely boasts a subterranean ocean, surely the harbour of something twitching.

    Then we thrill to the suggestion that the planet Proxima b, four light years away, could support life if its climate is right. And we wonder, enthralled, about the Trappist-1 system, seven planets orbiting a star 39 light years distant, a couple of which, astronomers tell us, are in just the right orbits to be warm and wet and friendly.

    A computer generated image showing Britain's Beagle 2 probe on the surface of Mars.
    A computer generated image showing Britain's Beagle 2 probe on the surface of Mars. 
    AP/European Space Agency

    The expectation now is palpable: surely, within our lifetimes, we will detect at least a bacterium, some weird arsenic-based extremophile by a thermal vent in an underground sea, or a smear of purple anaerobic slime beneath a rock on the edge of a liquid methane lake.

    But is this expectation based on solid science, or romance, or a barely sublimated need to assert that we are not alone in a vast and godless universe?

    "The change is for no reason that I can put my finger on," says Paul Davies. "I've lived through this pendulum swing. Now the whole scientific community is charging down the direction that holds the universe is teeming with life, and I'm now the voice of caution, saying: 'Hold on, hold on, you have no basis for that belief'."

    Davies' objections are not to be lightly dismissed. He is, after all, perhaps the most distinguished astrobiologist alive, not to mention a quantum physicist of such import that two of the field's fundamental constructs bear his name (the Fulling-Davies-Unruh effect, and the Bunch-Davies vacuum state, for those taking notes.)

    Based these days at the University of Arizona's Centre for Fundamental Concepts in Science, he is also the head of the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Post-Detection Science and Technology Task Group of the International Academy of Aeronautics.

    Physicist Paul Davies.
    Physicist Paul Davies. 
    Macquarie University

    And years ago he used to teach at Adelaide and Macquarie universities. So, even though he lives in the United States and was born in England, we can kind of, sort of, claim him as an Aussie. It's not a sustainable claim, of course, but, he would suggest, it has more evidential weight behind it than the notion that the cosmos is crawling with amoeba-things and all that's left to do is find them.

    Back in the '60s, Davies says, most serious astronomers were convinced there were planets throughout the universe, even though technology at the time was insufficient to detect them.

    Indeed, in 1961, an astronomer called Frank Drake came up with an equation to predict the probability of intelligent life emerging anywhere in the universe. In his 2010 book, The Eerie Silence, Davies calls it "not so much an equation in the conventional mathematical sense, more of a way to quantify our ignorance".

    Seven years later, he maintains that we're still thick.

    Apollo astronauts Roger Chaffee, Edward White II and Virgil Grissom who later perished in a fire during a training ...
    Apollo astronauts Roger Chaffee, Edward White II and Virgil Grissom who later perished in a fire during a training session inside this Apollo Mission Simulator at Cape Kennedy, Florida, in 1967. 
    NASA/AP

    "Nothing has changed except our expectations," he says. "The big unknown is the fraction of planets on which life emerges, and we have no idea what that number is and no way to quantify it because we don't know what the process was. You can't estimate the odds of an unknown process. We know almost no more about it today than we did in the '60s."

    The difficulty in all this – and perhaps the only point of consensus among astrobiologists – is that we don't know how groups of molecules, non-living matter, coalesce and combine to become living. What is the animating spark? Or, more prosaically, what is the minimum level of complexity for a living organism?

    The main reason for this shortcoming is that the only life we have to study is the stuff found here on Earth. Given that everything, from cholera bacteria to Bactrian camels to Justin Bieber, descended from a single common ancestor, we have a sample size of just one – which is a hopeless number from which to draw generalised conclusions.

    Without another evolutionary tree to compare, Davies points out, we have no idea what aspects of Earth life are specific just to our mob, and what aspects are "law-like" – common to all life right across the universe.

    Images of the Saturnian system prepared from an assemblage of Voyager 1 views.
    Images of the Saturnian system prepared from an assemblage of Voyager 1 views. 
    Fairfax Media

    This is very much his field: he is tasked with examining the fundamentals of science (he also advises space agencies, and pursues cancer research, but let's stick to the big picture here).

    Lately, this work has been taking him in a fascinating, if controversial, direction. In a recently published paper – a sketch, really, for a book he is working on – he and colleague Sara Imari Walker suggest that the real law-like essential for life to emerge anywhere in the universe is not biology or even chemistry, but information.

    The processing of information, the pair wrote, might be the causal agent at the bottom of all life. Things such as water, carbon and DNA might be just local-level stuff, not required by extraterrestrial life forms.

    Davies and Walker also make the point that if their assumption is correct then, even if we do encounter alien organisms, we quite possibly won't recognise them. The problem of life, they conclude, might "ultimately not be reducible to known physical principles".

    Professor Paul Davies during his Adelaide University days in 1990.
    Professor Paul Davies during his Adelaide University days in 1990. 
    Fairfax Media

    "That's principles not yet known, rather than principles that can never be known," Davies is quick to point out. "We're open to the suggestion that there may be new physics that will be uncovered by studying biology. That's different to saying that all of biology can be explained by using physics already known."

    It is entirely reasonable, he says, to define all living things as information-processing systems. It is also reasonable to define them, as physicists do, in terms of energy and matter and the forces that govern their interactions.

    But suggesting the two explanations are simply different ways of expressing the same thing is wrong.

    "Where you can't get away with that is with the origin of life," he says. "Because, somehow, out of blind and purposeless forces at the molecular level, somehow out of that sort of melee, an informational system had to emerge."

    Probing that mystery, he suggests, is where new physics principles will be found.

    Other things, too, may emerge, not the least of which could be a profoundly new discussion around the relationship between science and religion.

    Most of Davies' colleagues are atheists, if for no other reason than because physics seems by definition to exclude the supernatural. He himself, however, has long had a subtler, more nuanced position. In his 1992 bestseller, The Mind of God, he suggested that conscious beings manifest self-awareness in the universe and that, thus, "we are truly meant to be here".

    The use of the word "meant" occasioned much spirited debate, on the not unreasonable grounds that it implied a creative intention – and a creator, perhaps – buried deep in the workings of the cosmos.

    For Davies, however, it is not he but those who work beside him who are falling prey to religious thought – precisely because they believe the universe is teeming with life. "Once we get rid of the idea of miracles, are we happier with the idea of life as a freak accident on one planet alone," he asks, "or are we more comfortable in a universe that is fundamentally bio-friendly?"

    It's a critical question, he points out. The odds of inanimate molecules transforming into living matter are gazillions to one. The odds of it happening more than once are gazillions-squared to one, and the odds of it happening billions of times are infinitesimal.

    For that to come to pass, there has to be something more, a life-friendly principle at work that rises above brute probability.

    "That's a religious position," he says.

    "Now, I would feel very comfortable living in such a universe, knowing that we're not the result of some freak chemical quirk. We would know that we're actually deeply embedded in the great cosmic scheme of things – part of the grand cosmic plan, if you like.

    "So, for me, the notion that life is intrinsically built into the nature of the universe is deeply pleasing, and close to a religious belief. But that's also the reason that I'm so sceptical."

    Paul Davies will be one of the speakers at an event titled Life on Mars: NASA's 2020 Rover Mission, on August 17 at the Sydney Opera House. Tickets on sale now.

    AFR Contributor

    http://afr.com/ }

    27-05-2017 om 00:26 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:Diversen (Eng, NL en Fr)
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.US military training space warriors for 'extraterrestrial conflict'

    US military training space warriors for 'extraterrestrial conflict'

    The Space Aggressors are not training to fight aliens, rather preparing for a space war with enemy nations.

    By 

    A space aggressor operator at the Schriever Air Force Base, ColoradoUS Air Force

    A real life Independence Day may not be far away. Only this time there is no defined threat the military is working against, although it is about "extraterrestrial combat".

    Space Aggressors is what the US military is calling them, a team of soldiers training at a warehouse near Colorado's Rocky Mountains. Their job is to act like the enemy during mock space battles to help US units prepare for a conflict that may one day extend to outer space.

    "We play the bad guys," Captain Christopher Barnes, chief of training for the 26th Space Aggressor Squadron told the Seeker. "We study threats to the space realm, either coming from space or based on land. If we can't directly replicate them with hardware, then we figure out if there's a software solution or some way we can train people to the point where they can fight through them, if they have to, in a conflict," he says.

    The elite military unit is being prepared to take on what US calls 'very real' threats from space powers like Russia and China. US intelligence chief Dan Coats recently told a Senate hearing that Russia and China are aggressively pursuing space warfare by building anti-satellite weapons, some of which in future could not only destroy US satellites but may even posses the capability to hit targets on land.

    Vice Admiral Charles Richard, deputy commander of U.S. Strategic Command, had told a Washington conference in March that "China is developing an arsenal of lasers, electro-magnetic rail guns, and high-powered microwave weapons to neutralize America's intelligence, communications, and navigation satellites."

    Captain Barnes said some people think space is the Achilles heel for the US because of its heavy reliance on space assets for most everything, from launching missiles to directing warships across the seas. For instance, any damage to the Global Positioning System -- a group of 31 satellites owned by the US government and operated by their US Air Force -- could make the US military to fall back to outmoded tactics, greatly eroding its technological edge over an enemy.

    The army however, stresses that it is not space war yet but like any other unit of the military that has to be ready for any existential threats, a space threat is very real in today's scenario.

    "While we're not at war in space, I don't think we could say we're exactly at peace, either," says Vice Admiral Richard. "We must prepare for a conflict that extends into space."

    http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/ }

    27-05-2017 om 00:18 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Detecting Life In Space: The Red Edge

    Detecting Life In Space: The Red Edge

    Originally published on May 23, 2017 3:52 pm

    The universe's "most interesting star" just started acting up again.

    Known as KIC 8462852, or the WTF star (for "Where's The Flux"), this sun became famous a few years ago for its strange short-lived dips in light output. Its behavior was weird enough that astronomers added "alien megastructures" to the long list of possible explanations for WTF star's changes in brightness. My twitter feed was lighting up this weekend as WTF star started, once again, to show a pronounced diminution.

    The excitement over WTF star is, ultimately, about finding evidence for life on other planets. But even without alien megastructures (which are probably not going to be the explanation), WTF star highlights the remarkable range of ways astronomers might be able to find evidence for life on distant planets.

    Since we'll be staring hard at thousands of these worlds over the next few decades, each kind of life detection method is exciting in its own right. That's why today I want to introduce you to "The Red Edge" (which, also, just sounds pretty cool).

    The story starts with one of space exploration's greatest tragedies.

    Back in 1986, the Space Shuttle Challenger exploded during launch, killing the entire crew. The loss was devastating for so many reasons, but one of its consequences was that the Galileo mission to Jupiter was left without a launch vehicle. The plan had been for it to ride a shuttle into space, where a powerful booster would then send it on to a half-billion-or-so-mile ride to the solar system's largest world. In the aftermath of the Challenger disaster, NASA scientists were forced to launch Galileo using a less powerful booster, placing it onto a complicated trajectory that used the gravity of a number of planets to slingshot the spacecraft out to Jupiter. In particular, Galileo first headed inward to Venus and then back to Earth — twice — picking up speed with each gravity "assist." It was during these Earth-return fly-bys that scientists came to the novel idea of viewing our planet as if it were an alien world.

    The idea was, in part, Carl Sagan's. As Galileo passed by Earth, it trained its instruments on our planet and recorded the light it reflected from the sun. In this way, scientists could run an experiment to see if Earth's light "signal" could reveal the presence of life.

    Of all the features the scientists found in the Earth-light, one of the most important came in the form of a sharp change in our planet's reflectance just past the wavelengths of red light. Reflectance means how much of the sunlight falling on the planet gets bounced back into space. Low reflectance means much of the light is being absorbed, while high reflectance means the opposite. The Galileo data showed that Earth's reflectance depended strongly on the light's color (meaning its wavelength). Most of the light in the visible spectrum was strongly absorbed. But around the wavelength of red light (past a half of a millionth of meter) the reflectance shot up. This wall in the reflectance curve was known from remote sensing studies and was called The Red Edge. In a paper titled "A Search for Life on Earth From The Galileo Spacecraft," Sagan and his co-authors highlighted the planet's absorption and reflection properties as one of four critical pieces of data that confirmed Earth was, in fact, a living world.

    But what causes the Red Edge and why might it be a cosmic life-detector? The answer lies within even the most lowly houseplant.

    Almost all of the world's vegetation will strongly absorb light in the blue and green parts of the spectrum. Much of this is due to photosynthesis, since these are the wavelengths of light plants absorb to make sugars and power their metabolism. At longer wavelengths, the leaves have no need to absorb sunlight, so they've evolved to reflect this light back into space. So what Galileo was seeing as it flew by Earth was the combined absorbing power of an entire planet's worth of vegetation.

    Of course, Sagan and other astronomers knew that what works for Earth may work for alien worlds, too. Maybe we could detect Red Edges in the spectra from other worlds. If so, wouldn't that be proof of alien life and, even better, of full alien biospheres?

    Astronomers are now deep in their "exo-planet" revolution. That means they're learning how to probe the light from these worlds in ways that, in principle, mimic what Galileo did for Earth. The crucial difference, of course, is distance. These planets are light-years away. That means we get just a minute fraction of the light they reflect from their stars. Astronomers must be extremely clever in how they go about their searches for exoplanet Red Edges. That's a challenge they're already working to overcome.

    One early example of of these efforts is a well-regarded paper from 2005 by Sara Seager and collaborators titled Vegetation's Red Edge: A Possible Spectroscopic Biosignature of Extraterrestrial Plants. The team laid out arguments for how the Red Edge might be detected in light from other worlds. They also made the important case that evolution on any planet might lead to some kind of feature like the Red Edge. As they put it, " ... while extraterrestrial 'light-harvesting organisms' have no compelling reason to display the exact same red edge feature as terrestrial vegetation, they might have similar spectroscopic features at different wavelengths than terrestrial vegetation." Thus a Red Edge of some kind, may, perhaps be universal.

    For years now, movies and TV have taught us that the only way to find life in the universe was to directly detect purposeful signals from intelligences on those worlds. With the advent of the exo-planet revolution, a new era has opened. The WTF star raised the issue that we may detect intelligence by the artifacts they leave. Even more important, and more likely, is that we might find evidence of less-evolved forms of life by the imprints they leave on the planet as a whole. The lesson of the Red Edge is that life — even plants — can change planets in ways that might be visible from across the depths of space.


    Adam Frank is a co-founder of the 13.7 blog, an astrophysics professor at the University of Rochester, a book author and a self-described "evangelist of science." You can keep up with more of what Adam is thinking on Facebook and Twitter: @adamfrank4

    Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.

    27-05-2017 om 00:07 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:Diversen (Eng, NL en Fr)
    26-05-2017
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Houston’s “Alien Hunter” claims to have out of this world proof we are not alone in the universe

    Houston’s “Alien Hunter” claims to have out of this world proof we are not alone in the universe

    BY 

    HOUSTON -- Houston isn't nicknamed the Space City for nothing! Besides NASA being in our backyard, there's a man in town who calls himself the "Alien Hunter." NewsFix caught up with Darrell Sims who showed us some cool stuff he says came from outer space.

    Sims, a private investigator, claims he was once a G-Man and used those skills to uncover alien abductions.


    "I come from an intelligence background with the Central Intelligence Agency in covert operations," he explained.

    Sims claims to have proof that life really does exist in the Cosmos.

    "We have 1950 cases worldwide," he said. "A lady came back with an implant [which] fell out of her eye in front of her boss at her desk and her boss is the one who made sure I got the implant, which I have with me today."

    Sims got into the business after he says an alien visited him as a child, and kept coming back until he was 17 years old.

    While most recollections of UFO and alien sightings are theoretical, Sims collects and tests physical evidence from those who claim to have had a real alien encounter.

    "A lot of these people do not realize if you've, in fact, had a real life UFO event where the entities actually touched you -  physically taking you. This sort of thing, abduction, whatever they want to call it.....they leave a physical trace on you in the infrared range," he said.

    Black light and infrared are just some of the technologies Sims use to detect traces of alien contact. That technique detects the temperature level on skin and detects a residue that comes from "out of this world."

    "Sometimes the alien entity will leave scars, cuts, lumps, bumps on them that make absolutely no sense," Sims said.

    Does it sound unreal to you? Well, many of Sims' artifacts are featured in museums around the world, including Slovakia, Japan and Roswell, New Mexico.

    "Some of the physical evidence that we've recovered from several abductees, suggests that these entities in fact may be biological and also have a metallic level in their biology," Sims explained.

    Sims showed NewsFix a set of spheres he says a young girl sneezed out after an alien came into her room and sprayed something into her nose.

    So is this space fact of fiction?

    "It doesn't matter what I think, or what anybody thinks. It only matters what we can prove," he said.

    So....are you convinced? Are we really alone out here?

    http://cw39.com/ }

    26-05-2017 om 23:58 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.'Blue Book' value: History picks up UFO drama from Robert Zemeckis

    'Blue Book' value: History picks up UFO drama from Robert Zemeckis

    26-05-2017 om 23:50 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:Diversen (Eng, NL en Fr)
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Photos: Arizona UFO witness describes six hovering discs
    image-2-ftr

    Photos: Arizona UFO witness describes six hovering discs

    An Arizona witness traveling by train through Apache County reported watching and photographing six hovering, “two-story” objects beaming light to the ground level, according to testimony in Case 83376 from the Mutual UFO Network (MUFON) witness reporting database.

    Witness image. (Credit: MUFON)

    Witness image.

    (Credit: MUFON)

    The case was reported for the witness – who had the experience on April 14, 2017.

    “My mother was traveling through the Arizona desert via train, on her way to Texas,” she stated.“She was unable to sleep due to movement of the train. She said she was looking out of the cabin window and saw a very bright light that became brighter as the train approached.”

    The witness saw more than one object.

    “She said she then saw six objects hovering side-by-side; close enough to see that each object had two rows of windows. She described them as being ‘two-story.’ She said that they were so bright and that a foggy sort of light was beaming down from underneath each object.”

    Cropped witness image. (Credit: MUFON)

    Cropped witness image.

    (Credit: MUFON)

    The witness attempted to photograph what she was seeing.

    “She frantically reached for her cell phone in time to snap a couple of photos. I, myself, have seen some pretty amazing things in the sky that I can only describe as being extraterrestrial, and she was the biggest skeptic until she seen for herself. She was so excited to share this with me. She is not one to exaggerate or seek attention in anyway. She’s a no BS kind of lady. I know what she saw was genuine. She asked that I share with the UFO community. Enjoy.”

    Cropped and enlarged witness image. (Credit: MUFON)

    Cropped and enlarged witness image.

    (Credit: MUFON)

    The witness included three images with the MUFON report, which was filed on April 27, 2017.

    Please be very cautious with UFO photography before investigation analysis is completed. The witness report indicates the objects were a disc shape less than 100 feet away.

    MUFON Arizona Field Investigator Kristine Wulf is investigating. Please remember that most UFO sightings can be explained as something natural or man-made. The above quotes were edited for clarity. Please report UFO activity to MUFON.com.

    {  http://www.openminds.tv/ }

    26-05-2017 om 23:42 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ARTICLES of MUFON ( ENG)
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.End of the world 'warning' - Are eerie trumpet noises from the sky sign of the APOCALYPSE?

    End of the world 'warning' - Are eerie trumpet noises from the sky sign of the APOCALYPSE?

    EERIE unexplained noises that have triggered nightmares and fears of the "end of the world" have been recorded.

    The weird, loud noises have been heard across several continents, but have now hit the UK, and scientists cannot agree on the reason for the widespread phenomenon.

    For the past few years increasing numbers of people have posted online videos of themselves witnessing strange unexplained 'trumpet' noises.

    In some cases, the sounds have been accompanied by shaking windows and people being frozen with terror.

    The YouTube videos have been uploaded from as far afield as Germany, Ukraine, Belarus, Australian and North America.

    But, now a worried resident of Derbyshire has contacted his local paper with concerns.

    The reader approached the Derby Telegraph for help after hearing the "strange noise." 

    They tweeted the paper and police asking for an explanation for "trumpet-like booming sounds" which he heard Riddings, near Alfreton.

    Trumpet-Apocalypse

    GETTY

    The noises have been heard across the world with no definitive explanation.

    The reader wrote: "Any idea what the strange noise is over Riddings that's been going on and off all day?"

    Earlier Calvin Kirlew recorded video of a similar noise in Nottingham. 

    Derbyshire Police tweeted back that the incident was "intriguing," but the force was bewildered.

    Aaron Traylor, from Montana in the US, is one of those to have uploaded recordings of the creepy noises to YouTube and claims to have suffered "vivid nightmares" ever since.

    He said: "Since I've been following this worldwide strange sounds phenomenon for some time, the whole 'End of the world' thing popped instantly into my head.

    "What if this was one of those sounds? I had my phone ready to capture the next one just in case. Sure enough, five minutes later the sound had returned."

    However, level-headed Kimberly Wookey, from Terrace in British Columbia, Canada - who first recorded the odd noises in June 2013 and has since caught the weird sounds on camera a number of other times – dismissed fears the sounds signal the end of the world or the arrival of aliens.

    Any idea what the strange noise is over Riddings that's been going on and off all day?

    Derby Telegraph reader

    She has also ruled out trains or building work, believing the cause of the noises may be "geophysical", such as atmospheric pressure or tectonic plates grinding together.

    As yet, there has been no firm breakthrough in attempts to explain the loud 'trumpet' sounds.

    Some scientists have said earthquakes can produce sub-audible sounds while lightning creates eerie noises heard through radio emissions.

    NASA researchers say the planet does make background noises, but people would usually require radio antennas to pick it up.

    Sociology lecturer at the University of Derby and conspiracy theory expert Andrew Wilson told the Derby Telegraph some clips may have been hoaxed, but "such stories have actually been reported for at least 200 years."

    He said: "There is an account from an 1804 book called British Mineralogy, in which the author describes going to Yorkshire and hearing noises in the air. The next day, he found evidence of a meteorite a couple of miles away.

    "There are a wide range of explanations for these sounds. Most of them are put down to unusual, but natural, phenomena such as subterranean earthquakes, thunder without lightning and falling meteors."

    Mr Wilson said, however, conspiracy theories for the mysterious noises have a sociological explanation.

    He said apocalypse fears or alien theories come about when scientific explanations are not obvious, as people become desperate for an explanation.

    He said: "Conspiracy theories offer a very attractive and simple way of viewing that world. But they are flawed, and over-simplified."

    http://www.express.co.uk/ }

    26-05-2017 om 23:34 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.EXCLUSIVE: 4 fighter jets scrambled to 'UFO that entered atmosphere,' claims whistleblower

    EXCLUSIVE: 4 fighter jets scrambled to 'UFO that entered atmosphere,' claims whistleblower

    A PILOT who claims to have been scrambled to a UFO visitation says he is willing to risk death to get the truth out to the world.

    The anonymous air force man claims to have a recording of the operation he alleges involved three other fighter jet pilots.

    But he claims to have been sworn to secrecy by the Singaporean government who allegedly told him he will face the death penalty if he speaks a word.

    The remarkable claims have been made in a report to the US-based Mutual UFO Network (MUFON), which is the world's largest organisation dedicated to UFO and alien research.

    The alleged whistleblower has given himself the pseudonym John in the report and there is no way of verifying if he is a genuine pilot or not at this stage.

    He said in the report filed yesterday: "My life is in critical danger.

    UFO-Singapore

    GETTY*MUFON

    The man claims to be an air force pilot at risk of death for the leak.

    "Disobeying a direct order from my superior would cause me the death penalty. I hope you understand how urgent and serious this incident is. 

    "I will only had over hard copies of the evidence you need to see and not send this over the internet as I am not sure who else is watching." 

    He claimed to be part of the Republic of Singapore Air Force.

    The pilot added: "Just this morning at 5.20am hours Singapore time, we were given orders to scramble our F15s to intercept a strange looking orb that kept on appearing and disappearing on radar by command control.

    "This object entered Singapore air space at around 5.20am and was hovering for at least two hours before 7.30am. 

    "It is difficult to explain, it kept on appearing and disappearing and re-appearing on another part of our air space."

    "Disobeying a direct order from my superior would cause me the death penalty. I hope you understand how urgent and serious this incident is.

    Alleged whistleblower

    He said there were three other pilots were required to "intercept this orb like thing or whatever the hell you want to call it".

    He said: "In fact, when we landed at Changi Air Base, we were given orders by command not to reveal this incident to anyone.

    "I cannot in good conscience give you my real name over the internet, but give me your number, I will call you directly.

    "I have evidence of the chase itself, I am willing to hand this over to you, a recording of the entire incident between air traffic ground control and the four pilots including myself while in pursuit of this orb." 

    The Singaporean air force does use F15s and the pilot has named a legitimate air base.

    MUFON will investigate the claims, but has previously said that it is hit by several hoax reports which come in from all over the world.

    Sceptics are not convinced by the report and have suggested if the pilot was concerned for his safety he would not have posted it on a database which can be seen online by anyone anywhere in the world, and would have contacted MUFON directly.

    Scott Brando, who runs hoax busting website ufoofinterest.org told Express.co.uk: "This looks like a joke."

    Nigel Watson, author of the UFO Investigations Manual, said: "A UFO that is seen for a long time in the same area of sky, generally indicates that it is a star.

    "Besides a star we might also wonder if a drone or drones were responsible for this activity, or it is just a hoax report?"

    26-05-2017 om 23:17 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Multiple Unknown Lights Pictured Over Los Angeles, U.S.A.

    Multiple Unknown Lights Pictured Over Los Angeles, U.S.A.

    The witness was walking out to their garage and noticing strange lights in the sky. Amazed by what he had seen; he ran inside to get his phone. When he got back out, he saw the lights did not move. He managed to get a photo and send it to a friend. After doing so, he looked up back, but the mysterious lights were not there anymore.

    According to the witness, the unusual lights did not fade gradually or drift off. They were just there one moment and suddenly gone, the witness explained.

    Los-Angeles-UFOs

    The witness said that he could not explain the bizarre event and still can’t until today. He tried to get a scientific explanation about it and not jumped quickly to the alien thing, but he just could not explain it.

    The witness said that he lost sighting of the mystery lights after he looked away for just a moment.

     http://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

    26-05-2017 om 01:00 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Cigar-shaped UFO over Stutensee, Germany 11-May-2017

    Cigar-shaped UFO over Stutensee, Germany 11-May-2017

    cigar-ufo

    Cylindrical UFO sighting was recorded in the sky above Stutensee in Germany on 11th May 2017.

    Witness report:

    We were on the way to a sportevent (WWE Live in Stuttgart), we drove by car. On the way from Friedrichstal to Blankenloch, we saw an object which did not moved. It just hovered in the air, the object was quite in black and approximately as large as a plane but shaped like a cigarette. I thought it would be a tower but when we were came closer I saw that was not the case. We could see the object for 5 minutes until we were too far away.

    Author (source: MUFON)

     

    http://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

    26-05-2017 om 00:53 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Bright & silent craft flying over Eugene, Oregon 23-May-2017

    Bright & silent craft flying over Eugene, Oregon 23-May-2017

    ufo-oregon

    Check out this UFO video of a bright unidentified flying object that was silently flying across the night sky above Eugene in Oregon. This was filmed yesterday (on 23rd May 2017).

    Witness report:

     Bright white UFO object 04:50 AM heading from W/NW to S/SE. No noise, straight line, steady brightness. Eugene, Oregon. This is a THIRD sighting of a bright white UFO coming from the same heading at almost the same time.

    Author (source: MUFON)

    http://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

    26-05-2017 om 00:50 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)
    25-05-2017
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.The U.S. Military Has A “Space Aggressor Squadron” Trained for Off-World Warfare

    The U.S. Military Has A “Space Aggressor Squadron” Trained for Off-World Warfare

    IN BRIEF
    The Space Aggressor squadrons train other military troops for war in space and determine how to best keep space assets like satellites secure. Although it may sound like science fiction, the threat of extraterrestrial conflict is serious.

    U.S. Army Spc. Angel Mendoza, assigned as a space aggressor operator to the 527th Space Aggressor Squadron, Schriever Air Force Base, Colorado, secures a helical antenna to a gravel pad Aug. 8, 2016, at Eielson Air Force Base, Alaska.

    Credit: U.S. Air Force/Staff Sgt. Shawn Nickel SPACE ‘Space Aggressors’ Train US Forces for Extraterrestrial Conflict Elite military units are specializing in mock space warfare, as Russia and China develop anti-satellite weaponry. BY GREG WALTERS MAY 22, 2017

    EXTRATERRESTRIAL CONFLICT

    Right now, somewhere in the Rocky Mountains of the American West, there are two teams of Air Force specialists preparing to defend America’s interests — in space. They are the 26th Space Aggressor Squadron (26th SAS) and the 527th Space Aggressor Squadron (527th SAS), and their job consists of training the rest of the military for any possible contingency involving extraterrestrial combat and creating strategies to defend the security of any U.S. interests in space.

    In other words, they play the role of the bad guys on a potentially intergalactic scale, “attacking” and provoking U.S. troops in mock space battles — as foreign countries and any other hostile power looking to threaten America in space. Space Aggressors train troops to make strategic use of space resources, for example by engaging in “brute force jamming,” which uses satellite networks to transmit signals to make any original message unintelligible to outsiders. However, they also train U.S. forces to fight without space resources, such as GPS and satellite communications, to ensure that they can competently fight using inertial navigation systems, compasses, and maps.

    “We study threats to the space realm, either coming from space or based on land,” 26th SAS chief of training Captain Christopher Barnes told Seeker. “If we can’t directly replicate them with hardware, then we figure out if there’s a software solution or some way we can train people to the point where they can fight through them, if they have to, in a conflict.”

    The 527th Space Aggressors Squadron and 26th Space Aggressors Squadron emblems are painted side by side on doors inside the Space Aggressors’ facility at Schriever Air Force Base, Colorado.|US Air Force/2nd Lt. Darren Domingo

    SECURITY IN SPACE

    Space Aggressors launch simulated attacks and training exercises, but these space “games” are in response to security threats that are very serious. Modern American warfare and defense are almost completely reliant upon our GPS system, which basically consists of a chain of 31 satellites. In recent years, high-ranking officials in the U.S. military have argued that more preparation for space defense is essential, especially in light of the development of anti-satellite weapons in China and Russia. If taking out satellites effectively renders our troops helpless, it is a smart strategy for enemies to adopt.


    Furthermore, the threat would stretch far beyond the battlefield, as Ed Morris, the executive director of the Office of Space Commerce, wrote in the report, A Day Without Space: Economic and National Security Ramifications: “If you think it is hard to get work done when your Internet connection goes out at the office, imagine losing that plus your cell phone, TV, radio, ATM access, credit cards, and possibly even your electricity.”

    The threat of warfare and aggression in space — and the need to prepare for it — has been broadly recognized all over the world. An international group of lawyers is now drawing up the first body of law to be applied in space. Based largely on existing principles of international law, the work that results from the coalition’s efforts will be called Manual on International Law Applicable to Military Uses of Outer Space (MILAMOS).

    How it will apply to Earth’s various nations is as yet undecided, but for it to work, nations like the United States will have to choose to participate. Much like the United Nations, without participation and commitment from member states, international law — whether applied on Earth or in space — is unlikely to prove effective.

    https://futurism.com/ }

    25-05-2017 om 23:37 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.NASA’s Newest Mars Rover Will Focus on Finding Evidence of Ancient Martian Life

    NASA’s Newest Mars Rover Will Focus on Finding Evidence of Ancient Martian Life

     
    IN BRIEF
    NASA has release pictures of an artist's concept of their new Mars 2020 rover. The robot will land on the Red Planet in 2020 to look for evidence of ancient microbial life.

    ROVER’S NEW TRICKS

    NASA has released pictures of its newest robot scheduled to be sent to the Red Planet in 2020. The images show an artist’s concept of the rover at work on the surface of Mars. The design of the robot has not changed significantly since Curiosity, but this new rover will have a completely different mission than the models before it.

    Image credit: NASA

    Image credit: NASA/JPL-CALTECH

    The Mars 2020 rover’s mission will be to search for signs of ancient Martian life. Scientists have been discovering more evidence of ancient life on the Red Planet from photographs taken of certain areas on the surface, and the rover will land on that location in search of tangible evidence. “The mission takes the next step by not only seeking signs of habitable conditions on Mars in the ancient past but also searching for signs of past microbial life itself,” explains NASA in a statement.

    The statement also goes into how the rover will accomplish this. “The Mars 2020 rover introduces a drill that can collect core samples of the most promising rocks and soils, and set them aside on the surface of Mars. A future mission could potentially return these samples to Earth.”

    NOT FAR BEHIND

    Elon Musk’s space travel company SpaceX has its own plans regarding the Red Planet as well. Initial plans are for the company to begin unmanned missions to Mars in 2018 and follow those up by sending humans in 2025. The long-term vision is to colonize Mars to make humanity the first known multi-planetary species.

    A Robotic Census Of Mars [Infographic]
    Click to View Full Infographic

    Unlike the contentious nature of the last space race, NASA does not feel that it is in competition with SpaceX (or any other commercial space organization) to get to Mars first. NASA recognizes the value that private enterprise can have on expediting the innovation necessary to put a human on Mars.

    “It’s really important to create, bring some empathy to the table,” Thomas Zurbuchen, NASA’s associate administrator for science, said in an interview with Seeker. “There’s a lot of stuff that can be learned by just talking to people.”

    Perhaps the Mars 2020 rover will unlock some of the secrets that will make it easier for humans to colonize the planet.

    https://futurism.com/ }

    25-05-2017 om 23:20 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Mining the Moon for Rocket Fuel Could Help Us Reach Mars

    Mining the Moon for Rocket Fuel Could Help Us Reach Mars

     
    IN BRIEF
    Recently, there has been a re-sparking of interest in the moon. The closest celestial body to our planet could hold some novel benefits for humans such as being cultivated as a jumping-off point for future space travel.

    BACK TO THE MOON

    Forty-five years have passed since humans last set foot on an extraterrestrial body. Now, the moon is back at the center of efforts not only to explore space, but to create a permanent, independent space-faring society. The Conversation

    Planning expeditions to Earth’s nearest celestial neighbor is no longer just a NASA effort, though the U.S. space agency has plans for a moon-orbiting space station that would serve as a staging ground for Mars missions in the early 2030s. The United Launch Alliance, a joint venture between Lockheed Martin and Boeing, is planning a lunar fueling station for spacecraft, capable of supporting 1,000 people living in space within 30 years.

    Billionaires Elon MuskJeff Bezos and Robert Bigelow all have companies aiming to deliver people or goods to the moon. Several teams competing for a share of Google’s US$30 million cash prize are planning to launch rovers to the moon.

    We and 27 other students from around the world recently participated in the 2017 Caltech Space Challenge, proposing designs of what a lunar launch and supply station for deep space missions might look like, and how it would work.

    THE RAW MATERIALS FOR ROCKET FUEL

    Right now all space missions are based on, and launched from, Earth. But Earth’s gravitational pull is strong. To escape Earth’s gravity, a rocket has to be traveling 11 kilometers a second – 25,000 miles per hour!

    Any rocket leaving Earth has to carry all the fuel it will ever use to get to its destination and, if needed, back again. That fuel is heavy – and getting it moving at such high speeds takes a lot of energy. If we could refuel in orbit, that launch energy could lift more people or cargo or scientific equipment into orbit. Then the spacecraft could refuel in space, where Earth’s gravity is less powerful.

    The moon has one-sixth the gravity of Earth, which makes it an attractive alternative base. The moon also has ice, which we already know how to process into a hydrogen-oxygen propellant that we use in many modern rockets.

    ROVING LUNA

    NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite missions have already found substantial amounts of ice in permanently shadowed craters on the moon.

    Those locations would be tricky to mine because they are colder and offer no sunlight to power roving vehicles. However, we could install big mirrors on the craters’ rims to illuminate solar panels in the permanently shadowed regions.

    Mining operations on the moon, an artist’s rendering. Sung Wha Kang (RISD), CC BY-ND

    Rovers from Google’s Lunar X Prize competition and NASA’s Lunar Resource Prospector, set to launch in 2020, would also contribute to finding good locations to mine ice.

    IMAGINING A MOON BASE

    Depending on where the best ice reserves are, we might need to build several small robotic moon bases. Each one would mine ice, manufacture liquid propellant and transfer it to passing spacecraft. Our team developed plans to accomplish those tasks with three different types of rovers. Our plans also require a few small robotic shuttles to meet up with nearby deep-space mission vehicles in lunar orbit.

    An artist’s rendering of lunar rover concepts. Sung Wha Kang (RISD), CC BY-ND

    One rover, which we call the Prospector, would explore the moon and find ice-bearing locations. A second rover, the Constructor, would follow along behind, building a launch pad and packing down roadways to ease movements for the third rover type, the Miners, which actually collect the ice and deliver it to nearby storage tanks and an electrolysis processing plant that splits water into hydrogen and oxygen.

    The Constructor would also build a landing pad where the small near-moon transport spacecraft we call Lunar Resupply Shuttles would arrive to collect fuel for delivery as newly launched spacecraft pass by the moon. The shuttles would burn moon-made fuel and would have advanced guidance and navigation systems to travel between lunar bases and their target spacecraft.

    A GAS STATION IN SPACE

    When enough fuel is being produced, and the shuttle delivery system is tested and reliable, our plan calls for building a gas station in space. The shuttles would deliver ice directly to the orbiting fuel depot, where it would be processed into fuel and where rockets heading to Mars or elsewhere could dock to top up.

    The depot would have large solar arrays powering an electrolysis module for melting the ice and then turning the water into fuel, and large fuel tanks to store what’s made. NASA is already working on most of the technology needed for a depot like this, including docking and fuel transfer. We anticipate a working depot could be ready in the early 2030s, just in time for the first human missions to Mars.

    To be most useful and efficient, the depot should be located in a stable orbit relatively near both the Earth and the moon. The Earth-moon Lagrangian Point 1 (L1) is a point in space about 85 percent of the way from Earth to the moon, where the force of Earth’s gravity would exactly equal the force of the moon’s gravity pulling in the other direction. It’s the perfect pit stop for a spacecraft on its way to Mars or the outer planets.

    LEAVING EARTH

    Our team also found a fuel-efficient way to get spacecraft from Earth orbit to the depot at L1, requiring even less launch fuel and freeing up more lift energy for cargo items. First, the spacecraft would launch from Earth into Low Earth Orbit with an empty propellant tank.

    Then, the spacecraft and its cargo could be towed from Low Earth Orbit to the depot at L1 using a solar electric propulsion tug, a spacecraft largely propelled by solar-powered electric thrusters.

    This would let us triple the payload delivery to Mars. At present, a human Mars mission is estimated to cost as much as US$100 billion, and will need hundreds of tons of cargo. Delivering more cargo from Earth to Mars with fewer rocket launches would save billions of dollars and years of time.

    A BASE FOR SPACE EXPLORATION

    Building a gas station between Earth and the moon would also reduce costs for missions beyond Mars. NASA is looking for extraterrestrial life on the moons of Saturn and Jupiter. Future spacecraft could carry much more cargo if they could refuel in space – who knows what scientific discoveries sending large exploration vehicles to these moons could enable?

    By helping us escape both Earth’s gravity and dependence on its resources, a lunar gas station could be the first small step toward the giant leap into making humanity an interplanetary civilization.

    Editor’s Note: This story was updated to clarify the distinction between escape velocity and the velocity needed to achieve orbit.


    Gary Li, Ph.D. Candidate in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los AngelesDanielle DeLatte, Ph.D. Student in Aeronautics & Astronautics, University of TokyoJerome Gilleron, Ph.D. Candidate in Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of TechnologySamuel Wald, Ph.D. Student in Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Therese Jones, Ph.D. Candidate in Public Policy, Pardee RAND Graduate School

    This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article.

    https://futurism.com/ }

    25-05-2017 om 23:12 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Listening to starlight: Our ongoing search for alien intelligence

    Listening to starlight: Our ongoing search for alien intelligence

    If ET is out there, he's doing a great job hiding from us.

    by Andrew Tarantola@terrortola

    Six hours a day, seven days a week, for four straight months. That's how long radio astronomer Frank D. Drake pointed the 26-meter telescope at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) research facility in Green Bank, West Virginia, towards the heavens, looking for signs of intelligent life beyond Earth. He dubbed his efforts Project Ozma, in honor of the Queen of Oz from L. Frank Baum's famed children's book series.

    VLA, National Radio Astronomy Observatory

    National Radio Astronomy Observatory -

    Image: Education Images/UIG via Getty Images

    Between April and July of 1960, Drake recorded some 150 hours of tape speckled with radio noise. While no meaningful encoded signals or patterns emerged from those readings, Drake still earned himself a place in history for performing what would become the first scientific search for extraterrestrial intelligence in the modern era.

    Since then, research organizations around the world have performed nearly 100 SETI (search for extraterrestrial intelligence) experiments. Even NASA got in on the hunt, working with the SETI Institute between 1988 and 1993, when Sen. Richard Bryan (D - Nevada) introduced an amendment that cut the program's government funding.

    "Senators kind of looked at this line item and said, 'Hey wait a minute. Are we are we paying to search for little green men?'" explained Steve Croft, an assistant project astronomer at the UC Berkeley SETI Research Center and researcher with the Breakthrough Discovery project. "That's kind of a laugh factor which has always come along with it."

    But as the next generation of telescopes come online, like the upcoming Webb Space Telescope or dedicated planet hunter the Kepler Telescope, the scientific community is beginning to warm to the idea of SETI as not just a valid scientific discipline but an essential one. "I think people are kind of coming around to the idea that SETI as a scientific endeavor is one that's worth pursuing," Croft added. Especially, "when we can answer a scientific question or attempt to answer the scientific question are we alone in the universe?"

    The SETI Institute of California is trying to do just that. The 33-year-old organization formed in 1984 with the mission of understanding the origins and nature of life in the universe. It employs 120 staffers, 75 of whom are PhD-level researchers, and conducts research among 22 fields of inquiry over seven branches of research: astronomy and astrophysics, geoscience, exoplanets and exploration, exobiology and SETI.

    SPACE ALIENS

    The SETI Institute's Allen Telescope Array -

    Image: Reuters

    For its SETI efforts, the Institute relies on radio and optical telescopes. On the radio side, the Institute leverages its Allen Telescope Array (ATA), a 42-dish setup located at Hat Creek Radio Observatory, nearly 300 miles Northeast of San Francisco. It can scan 4 octaves of radio frequency and generates roughly 55 TB of data every day. Unlike conventional radio telescopes used for radio astronomy, the ATA scans a broader swath of the radio spectrum, albeit at a lower sensitivity.

    The group is also working with Paul Horowitz, a physicist and electrical engineer at Harvard, to develop "all sky all the time optical SETI survey systems" where the ATA would perform wide surveys of the sky while other, more sensitive telescopes -- like the Lick -- would follow up with more focused surveys covering a smaller portion of sky.

    For its optical surveys, the Institute splits its time between the UC Berkeley's Lick Observatory and the Harvard Haystack telescope. These telescopes are looking for laser emissions, specifically. These could be from any number of alien sources including communication arrays, weapon tests or transportation (hello, laser sails). "But in any case a monochromatic high-intensity highly focused coherent beam of light would be a fairly indicative sign of technology that could potentially be seen from very far away," Bill Diamond, CEO of the SETI Institute explained.

    However, both the radio and optical instruments have noticeable limitations. While humankind is theoretically capable of blasting a laser beam into space that is 10,000 times stronger than the sun, Diamond continued, "there isn't an instrument on Earth that can detect an Earth-like planet with Earth-like leakage of electromagnetic radiation." This leakage refers to the general emission of radio signals a civilization gives off through its various technologies, rather than powerful, highly focused signals intentionally designed to get another planet's attention. And while using overlapping technologies, as in the case of the SETI Institute-Horowitz collaboration, can boost our relative capabilities, it's still not good enough to intercept complex communications that rely on, say, wideband carrier signals.

    "We don't want to make too many assumptions about the kind of signals that an extraterrestrial civilization might be sending," Croft said. "It might not be kind of a simple tone. You know a transmission which is a single frequency will have a drifting tone because it is on a planet that's going around a star." [Thanks, Doppler effect - ed] Who knows, maybe Frank Drake did find an alien message in that radio static but it's encoded in a manner that researchers haven't yet been able to identify and decipher. "They might be sending some kind of complicated data; we make all sorts of complicated transmissions ourselves as humans," Croft concluded.

    This technological wall has spurned SETI researchers to seek out more effective means of scouring the galaxy. In the case of Berkeley's Breakthrough Listen project, that involved securing a 10-year, $100 million funding grant from Yuri Milner, a Russian entrepreneur, and physicist Stephen Hawking. This money will be used to buy time on two of the world's most powerful telescopes (the Green Bank in West Virginia and the Parkes in Australia).

    The Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope is the world's largest fully steerable radio telescope.

    The Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope -

    Image: John B. Carnett via Getty Images

    "We are in a position with the telescopes that we would be able to detect transmissions at a level that is similar to what we ourselves as humans generate," Croft said. "As of right now we're kind of relying on the fact that if civilizations are out there that they're broadcasting to higher power than we are. But we're not very far off being able to detect human-like emissions." Hopefully, as the Square Kilometer Array comes online in Australia and South Africa, that will actually happen.

    Over the past 18 months, the Breakthrough Listen Initiative has also teamed with the SETI@Home project, run by a team from UC Berkeley, to process a portion of the data generated each day. SETI@Home launched in 1999 as a means of distributing the computational workload that analyzing dozens of terabytes of radio signal data generated by the Arecibo telescope across hundreds of thousands of personal desktop computers. "Actually Berkeley and the SETI Institute have a long history together," Diamond said. "Berkeley was involved with us in the very early days of developing the Allen Telescope Array, so we go back a long time. "

    The program currently only has around 150,000 volunteers (down from a peak of 1.5 million users) and "we're getting back into our problem again in that the telescope can generate far more data than we can analyze with the best sensitivity," said Dr. Eric Korpela, head of the SETI@Home project.

    The Breakthrough Listen Initiative has a "pipeline" that divides 1 GHz of spectrum into 3hz channels (330 million in total) that are scanned for potential signals. You want the channels to be as narrow as possible in order to maximize the sensitivity, however, as both the Earth and whatever exoplanet the telescope is looking at move through their respective solar systems, signals tend to "drift" in frequency. "You want to use computer power to correct for that motion," Korpela explained, although the process is incredibly CPU-intensive. But that's exactly what SETI@Home is trying to do.

    However, even with the million-odd CPU cores at SETI@Home's disposal, analyzing all that data is still slow going. Its volunteers only account for around 2 percent of the Breakthrough Listen Initiative's analytical power. The program simply doesn't have enough volunteers to keep up with the demand. And the fact that many people have ditched their desktops for mobile devices is not helping either.

    "It is an issue that we worry about," Korpela admitted. "We do have an app for Android. The processors that are in a typical phone right now are not comparable with what are in most desktops, but they're certainly better than a processor from 1999." The app is currently running on 22,000 volunteer mobile devices, or around 15 percent of the total base. However, these devices are only contributing 2.3 TFLOP/s of processing, 0.5 percent of the program's total computational power. As such, SETI@Home doesn't face a technological hurdle in accelerating its search for intelligent extraterrestrial life so much as a societal one.

    "But given that there are a couple billion Android devices out there," Korpela mused, "there are another 200 petaFLOP/s out there that we haven't tapped yet." The SETI@Home team hopes to garner new interest in their efforts when they release their report from the Breakthrough Listen Initiative this fall.

    As for the SETI Institute, its technological roadblocks are being resolved with upgrades -- and lots of them. The research group is looking to expand the number of dishes in the Allen Array from 42 to at least 128 in the near term before eventually growing it to more than 300 dishes. The Institute is also improving the sensitivity of its feeds -- the antennas that take the collected radio signals from the dishes and convert them into digital signals -- as well as their frequency response and converting the whole feed system to run cryogenically. "That improves the signal-to-noise ratio," Diamond explained "since heat generates radio noise." Finally, the Institute is looking to upgrade the antennas' backend to enable them to sample more parts of the night sky -- expanding from current 3-beam system up to 12.

    "But even those enhancements probably don't get us to the point of being able to detect Earth-like leakage," Diamond lamented.

    That's why the SETI Institute is teaming with IBM to apply the company's advanced machine learning algorithms to the Institute's massive data archive. The Institute is already the only SETI group that performs real-time analysis of its collected signals, using fast Fourier transform to look for narrow-band carrier signals that would indicate a non-natural source. The Apache Spark cluster computing tools, however, "have the ability to extract, if it exists, from patterns that, to us, would otherwise look like radio noise," Diamond said. "It's given us the ability to actually do experiments that we've never been able to do before, including possibly detecting an Earth-like planet that's just emitting leakage."

    Essentially, the Institute can point the ATA at a known exoplanet (or system like TRAPPIST-1), measure the star system's radio signature, then wait for the planet to transit behind the sun and measure the system's radio signature again. If there's a significant difference in the readings, that could mean there's something afoot on that exoplanet. The Institute wouldn't necessarily be able to understand what's encoded in the transmission but it would provide strong impetus for other astronomical research groups to follow up with their own observations. This is actually very close to what the Breakthrough Listen Initiative team is doing, albeit with a less sensitive piece of equipment.

    And while the SETI Institute (as well as the Breakthrough Listen Initiative and SETI@Home, for that matter) can't say for sure when humanity will find life outside of our own, the group is already cultivating interest in the subject with the next generation. The SETI Institute is sponsoring an IBM hackathon this June -- they're giving teams from around the world access to ATA data as well as to IBM's machine learning tools. The competition will finish up with a live event in San Francisco come August. For now, though, we're still alone (as far as science knows).

    Welcome to Tomorrow, Engadget's new home for stuff that hasn't happened yet. You can read more about the future of, well, everything, at Tomorrow'spermanent home and check out all of our launch week stories here.

    https://www.engadget.com/ }

    25-05-2017 om 23:02 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Leaked footage from top-secret Area 51 military base shows mysterious ALIEN craft, claim UFO hunters

    Leaked footage from top-secret Area 51 military base shows mysterious ALIEN craft, claim UFO hunters

    • The strange video appears to show a flying object hovering in the sky
    • The craft emits a strange light as it sporadically moves side to side 
    • The footage was believed to have been filmed in the 1980s or 1990s
    • Nevada-based military facility has been a focal point of  conspiracy theorists
    • UFOlogists have long claimed the base houses secretive alien technology

    Area 51 is one of the most secretive locations in the world.

    Now, UFO hunters at SecureTeam 10 have released leaked footage which they claim shows an alien craft is hiding in the Nevada-based military facility.

    The strange video appears to show a flying object hovering in the sky and then flying away - emitting a strange light as it sporadically moves side to side.  

    Scroll down for video

    UFO hunters SecureTeam 10 have now released leaked footage which they claim shows an alien craft is hiding in the Nevada military facility

    UFO hunters SecureTeam 10 have now released leaked footage which they claim shows an alien craft is hiding in the Nevada military facility

    SECURETEAM 10 CONTROVERSY

    SectureTeam10 is one of the most viewed YouTube channels, with over 785,000 people subscribing to its conspiracy videos.

    But the channel has come under fire, as Lions Ground, a rival channel, claims that it has been intentionally fooling its viewers.

    According to Lions Ground, SecureTeam10 has been raking in an estimated £600 ($745) a day by posting fake videos that 'outsmart UFO believers.' 

    'It's one of the mysterious pieces in UFOlogy', said Tyler Glockner who runs SecureTeam 10 on the YouTube clip. 

    He described the footage, which was believed to have been filmed in the 1980s or 1990s, as a 'hidden gem'.

    The unexplained object appears to be getting higher and higher and releases a strange light as the footage goes on.  

    The Nevada-based military testing facility has been a focal point of many conspiracy theorists and UFOlogists since the late 1970s, who claim that the base houses secretive alien technology. 

    The sprawling military complex sits between a dry lake bed to the North East, and a small mountain to the West. 

    Area 51 has been a hot spot for extra terrestrial enthusiasts because the government did not acknowledge its existence until 2013.




    It has long been fenced off from the prying eyes of the public, with armed guards swarming the surrounding area.

    'Area 51 has always been a magnet for those who believe the US Government knows a lot more about UFOs than they are prepared to reveal to the public,' Nigel Watson, author of the UFO Investigations Manual, told MailOnline.

    'People like the late Boyd Bushman, a senior scientist who worked for Lockheed Martin, have declared that Area 51 is a base where extraterrestrial spacecraft and technology is stored and examined.' 

    The strange video appears to show a flying object hovering in the sky and then flying away - emitting a strange light as it sporadically moves side to side

    The strange video appears to show a flying object hovering in the sky and then flying away - emitting a strange light as it sporadically moves side to side

    'It's one of the mysterious pieces in UFOlogy', said Tyler Glockner who runs SecureTeam 10 on the clip. He described the footage, which was believed to have been filmed in the 1980s or 1990s as a 'hidden gem'

    'It's one of the mysterious pieces in UFOlogy', said Tyler Glockner who runs SecureTeam 10 on the clip. He described the footage, which was believed to have been filmed in the 1980s or 1990s as a 'hidden gem'

    The Nevada-based military testing facility has been a focal point of many conspiracy theorists and UFOlogists since the late 1970s, who claim that the base houses secretive alien technology. Pictured is the most recent sighting by SecureTeam 10 
    The Nevada-based military testing facility has been a focal point of many conspiracy theorists and UFOlogists since the late 1970s, who claim that the base houses secretive alien technology. Pictured is the most recent sighting by SecureTeam 10 

    Claims of alien conspiracies around Area 51 have largely been debunked.

    But the site has been confirmed as a historic test site for military aircraft. 

    Famous machines developed there include the U-2 spy plane, SR-71 Blackbird, and the F-117A Nighthawk stealth fighter.

    The unexplained object appears to be getting higher and higher and releases a strange light as the footage goes on
    The unexplained object appears to be getting higher and higher and releases a strange light as the footage goes on
    In this image, the base is shown in a small yellow square within the massive Air Force base at Nevada's Groom Lake. Area 51 is blanketed by a strict 23 by 25-mile (37 by 40km) no-fly zone for civilian aircraft

    In this image, the base is shown in a small yellow square within the massive Air Force base at Nevada's Groom Lake. Area 51 is blanketed by a strict 23 by 25-mile (37 by 40km) no-fly zone for civilian aircraft

    The extraterrestrial Highway is between Highway 6 and Highway 93 in Nevada, and is the closest main road to Area 51. The sprawling military complex sits between a dry lake bed to the North East, and a small mountain to the West

    The extraterrestrial Highway is between Highway 6 and Highway 93 in Nevada, and is the closest main road to Area 51. The sprawling military complex sits between a dry lake bed to the North East, and a small mountain to the West

    Area 51 is blanketed by a strict 23 by 25-mile (37 by 40km) no-fly zone for civilian aircraft, and nearby viewpoints Freedom Ridge and White Sides Peak, which provide vantage points looking down on the base, are off-limits to the public

    Images of the base are extremely rare, with any photographers brave enough to travel there kept far back from the perimeter by the base's many armed guards.

    Area 51 is blanketed by a strict 23 by 25-mile (37 by 40km) no-fly zone for civilian aircraft.

    Nearby viewpoints Freedom Ridge and White Sides Peak, which offer vantage points looking down on the base, are off-limits to the public.

    After a series of declassifications, official details of Area 51 only came to light in 2011. This image shows a suspended, upside-down titanium A-12 spy-plane prototype as it is 'prepped' for radar testing

    After a series of declassifications, official details of Area 51 only came to light in 2011. This image shows a suspended, upside-down titanium A-12 spy-plane prototype as it is 'prepped' for radar testing

    The U-2 spy plane is photographed as it is tested at Area 51 in 1955. Early missions involving the plane were used throughout the Cold War for surveillance over Cuba, the Soviet Union and China

    The U-2 spy plane is photographed as it is tested at Area 51 in 1955. Early missions involving the plane were used throughout the Cold War for surveillance over Cuba, the Soviet Union and China

    The U.S. Air Force's SR-71 (double cockpit training version pictured) was in many ways a product of Area 51 testing and an evolution of the A-12, which was decommissioned in 1968

    The U.S. Air Force's SR-71 (double cockpit training version pictured) was in many ways a product of Area 51 testing and an evolution of the A-12, which was decommissioned in 1968

    The unique design of the A-12 made at Area 51. A mock-up of the aircraft is seen here upside down as it is tested. Ironically, this is is also how test pilot Collins had to eject in 1963

    The unique design of the A-12 made at Area 51. A mock-up of the aircraft is seen here upside down as it is tested. Ironically, this is is also how test pilot Collins had to eject in 1963

     

    {  http://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

    25-05-2017 om 22:50 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:News from the FRIENDS of facebook ( ENG )
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.World's Largest Aircraft Completes Successful Test Flight

    World's Largest Aircraft Completes Successful Test Flight

    At a mammoth 302 feet (92 meters) long, the blimp-like Airlander 10 is the largest aircraft currently flying.
    Credit: Hybrid Air Vehicles

    It's a plane, it's a blimp … it's the world's largest aircraft.

    A massive airship dubbed the Airlander 10 recently completed a successful test flight, bringing the helium-filled behemoth one step closer to commercial use.

    Though it looks like a massive blimp, the Airlander 10 combines technology from airplanes, helicopters and airships. It is designed to stay aloft at altitudes of up to 20,000 feet (6,100 meters) for up to five days when manned, according to Hybrid Air Vehicles, the company that built the aircraft. And at a mammoth 302 feet (92 m) long, it is the largest aircraft currently flying. [In Photos: Building the World’s Largest Airship (Airlander 10)]

    On May 10, the Airlander 10 flew for a total of 180 minutes to test the aircraft's handling, improved landing technology and more, according to Hybrid Air Vehicles. This was only the third flight of the Airlander 10. It first debuted as HAV-304, and successfully flew in 2012 as part of the U.S. Army’s Long Endurance Multi-intelligence Vehicle program. The reimagined and modified Airlander 10 made its maiden voyage in August 2016, kicking off a flight test program to assess the aircraft's performance and attempting to fly the airship farther away from its base in Cardington, England.

    This latest flight had two main objectives, beyond safely completing a takeoff, flight and landing. The first was to determine how the Airlander handles, including the aircraft's new, additional "landing feet" that make up the Auxiliary Landing System (ALS). The second was to collect data on the flight's performance, such as airspeed, according to Hybrid Air Vehicles.

    During the successful test flight, the Airlander 10 "handled superbly," said Dave Burns, the Airlander 10's chief test pilot. A statement from Hybrid Air Vehicles said the flight test team was "very pleased" with its initial analysis of the Airlander 10.

    Hybrid Air Vehicles said the Airlander 10 could one day be used for search and rescue missions, by border control agents, for crowd monitoring, security, filming or academic research.

    "There will also be passenger variants for the ultimate flying experience and eventually Hybrid Air Vehicles will fulfil a crucial role in point-to-point cargo transportation to remote areas," company officials said in a statement.

    Original article on Live Science.

    http://www.livescience.com/ }

    25-05-2017 om 22:23 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Robo-Venus Flytrap Could Help Bots Grasp Objects

    Robo-Venus Flytrap Could Help Bots Grasp Objects

    An artificial Venus flytrap can open and then close on cue, just like its namesake in nature, according to a new study. Scientists said this flexible gripping device could give soft robots a way to grasp and release objects autonomously, without the need for programming or computer-controlled parts.

    "If you want to make something intelligent, oftentimes it's made using computers and some control circuitry that incorporates sensors and detectors. You have a system with many different pieces that have to be integrated to make the device work," said the study’s lead researcher Arri Priimagi, an associate professor of chemistry and bioengineering at Tampere University of Technology in Finland. [Biomimicry: 7 Clever Technologies Inspired by Nature]

    The team tried to make this simpler he told Live Science.

    Priimagi and his colleagues described their device in a study published online today (May 23) in the journal Nature Communications.

    Although the device could serve in a range of applications, from biomedical manipulators to microchip-assembly lines to warehouse robots that stock shelves, Priimagi said he hasn't devoted much time to thinking about how the technology might be used.

    "This wasn't application-driven," he said. 

    The artificial Venus flytrap could be used to help soft robots grasp and release objects autonomously, according to the researchers.
    The artificial Venus flytrap could be used to help soft robots grasp and release objects autonomously, according to the researchers.
    Credit: Owies Wani et al./Nature Communications

    In nature, the carnivorous Venus flytrap waits with its jaw-like leaves open until an insect descends to drink from a nectar gland inside the plant. Last year, a study published in the journal Current Biology by researchers at the University of Würzburg in Germany, showed that the plant doesn't react instantly if a fly lands on it. Instead, hair-like sensors inside the flytraps' leaves need to be triggered twice in 20 seconds for the jaws to close, and five times to trigger the production of digestive enzymes, the scientists found.

    Priimagi's gripper doesn't trap or ingest insects, but it does use a stimulus in order to close its trap, he said. What's more, the power source, sensors and devices that convert energy into motion are combined into one simple device.

    The device has two main components: an optical fiber stem and a leaf made from a light-responsive liquid crystal elastomer. When open, the leaf and the fiber form a capital letter "T."

    When light in the fiber-optic stem shines up through the leaf and out into the air, it creates a cone-shaped beam. If an object passes into the beam, light scatters back to the bendy leaf, triggering molecules inside the material that respond by changing shape. This changing of shape generates heat, causing the molecules to misalign, and this creates a bend in the elastomer. The leaf closes, opening when the light is turned off.

    The leaf is tiny: a strip measuring no longer than 0.4 inches (1 centimeter) and thinner than a strand of human hair. But because it's made of soft material that becomes even softer when it heats up a bit, the leaf's gripping strength is high, the researchers said. It's able to grasp objects that have a mass hundreds of times higher than itself, the scientists added.

    In lab experiments, the team showed that the device could grab objects of any shape, including round or square objects, as well as random bits of Styrofoam and thin sheets covered with reflective material, such as aluminum foil. The scientists used lasers for the study, but Priimagi said they could do the same with LEDs or even with white light.

    "We just need light and optical fibers," he said.

    Priimagi said his team has more work to do, such as experimenting with different colors of light, finding ways to move heavier objects and making the device snap shut more quickly, the way a real Venus flytrap does.

    Original article on Live Science.

    http://www.livescience.com/ }

    25-05-2017 om 22:16 geschreven door peter  

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