Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 13 YEARS AND 2 MONTH.
ON 06/08/2024 MORE THAN 2.161.100
VISITORS FROM 135 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
The Mutual UFO Network recently announced a new Director of Research, Dr. Christopher Cogswell. He holds a PhD in Chemical Engineering and "hopes to bring a seriousness and strong research focus to this field," according to the MUFON website.
While we wish the doctor the highest degree of success, we would be remiss if we failed to observe the organization where he chooses to volunteer has an infamous history of substantially obstructing the very efforts he claims to undertake. His predecessor, Robert Powell, bailed for reasons reportedly including the MUFON choices of speakers at its annual symposium in 2017. In a nutshell, the organization's missionstatement of dedication to scientific study is miles apart from many of its actual activities. If Dr. Cogswell is going to help the situation a number of circumstances will need to be addressed, from employing hypnosis as a memory retrieval tool to endorsing psychic channeling, and those are just some of the problems.
A lack of transparency and public accountability has long plagued MUFON. We have explored it at length on The UFO Trail, including posts such as UFO Community Members Weigh in on Dubious MUFON Speakers. Long before Powell's concerns became more widely known, writers and researchers such as Nigel Watson, Frank Warren, Robert Sheaffer, and several more expressed relevant points about the quality of MUFON speakers and contributed to the 2015 post.
Back in 2014 we attempted to obtain explanations of what MUFON termed a collaboration with a French government agency, GEIPAN, that investigates unexplained aerial phenomena. Statements from MUFON leadership arguably were embarrassingly vague, while, in stark contrast, the head of GEIPAN proved quite willing to discuss the circumstances when contacted.
Other posts, such as parts one and two of the 2013 offering, MUFON, Science and Deception, further demonstrated the leadership's lack of willingness to field questions. MUFON's Jan Harzan has been contacted numerous times, including for comment on how an org dedicated to scientific study could promote such entirely speculative notions as Barbara Lamb's claims surrounding ET-human hybrids, but did not respond.
Likewise, Harzan failed to respond to inquiries about the criteria used to grant David Jacobs a lifetime achievement award. Jacobs is a historian who practices hypnosis as a memory enhancer, claimed to have been harassed by an ET-human hybrid that sent him instant messages, and suggested to Emma Woods to wear a chastity belt during a long distance telephone hypnosis session, among numerous other dubious actions.
In preparation for a 2013 article on a reported UFO crash in Casselberry, Florida, attempts were made to consult several MUFON personnel. Multiple emails inquiring about the case were sent to the Executive Director, Director of Investigations, Florida State Director, and a former Florida Chief Field Investigator. None responded. We could go on at length, but the issues run even deeper still than irresponsibly promoting unsubstantiated conjecture under the guise of science or failing to share information about investigations.
From where I sit, it is significant that the Pentagon indirectly admitted funneling funds to MUFON via Robert Bigelow. This was clearly done through Bigelow's now known receipt of funds and subsequent MUFON-BAASS initiative, yet it is virtually a non-story in UFO Land. Community members for years accused MUFON of acting as an arm of the federal government, and are now validated for all practical purposes, yet the wheels of sensationalism continue to turn with hardly a pause. You can't say we weren't warned.
After serving as MUFON International Director from 2006 to 2009, James Carrion wrote in a 2011 blog post that it was not Robert Bigelow who funded MUFON's work for Bigelow Aerospace, but "sponsors" Bigelow revealed to John Schuessler but not the rest of the MUFON Board of Directors. Carrion's statements have aged well (See my post, Pentagon-UFO Story Reflects Fundamental Problems, for further info and commentary).
The Pentagon acknowledges the Defense Intelligence Agency invested money in the UFO community. Up until that time, such interests and circumstances were officially denied. They were taboo, scandalous. It was out of bounds to so much as speculate the IC was in bed with UFO researchers and their organizations. Capital "S" Skeptics cried conspiracy and called for proof. Now it's confirmed and met with a shrug on both sides of the UFO community aisle.
I'd like to direct our attention for a while, please, to the fact the intelligence community has full on acknowledged involvement in the UFO community - this century, here and now. Others told us so and they are now validated, yet it's seemingly not a story, in lieu of analyzing film clips, exchanging opinions on inconclusive claims about alleged aliens, and minimizing its potential significance. In my opinion, if funding sources for one project are called into question, then funding sources for many projects are called into question, especially those involving the same individuals and organizations.
MUFON has a long way to go to gain any credibility, not to mention competently addressing who's been running its organization. Please join me in considering some of the circumstances that brought us to the point in which the Pentagon casually confirmed what amounts to funding the Mutual UFO Network.
During the 1990's, the org's lead alien abduction researcher "confidentially," as he put it to me in a series of emails, provided Robert Bigelow - the guy who would later play point man on the DIA's Advanced Aviation Threat Identification Program - with data from case files of alleged abductees in exchange for a reported $14,000. John Carpenter, a Missouri social worker and hypnosis advocate, defended his actions, which included choosing not to obtain consent from the 140 people prior to releasing their files to Bigelow and his National Institute for Discovery Science (NIDS).
MUFON officials, including John Schuessler, who sat on a NIDS board, primarily chose the stance of silence on the topic. Col. John Alexander, a former employee of the Bigelow-founded NIDS, declined comment in 2013. Alexander was asked about any interest he may have had in the files; why he suspected his employer, Bigelow, may have desired to obtain them; if other alien abduction researchers also shared files with Bigelow as Carpenter claimed may have been the case; and if Alexander was at liberty to discuss any relationships between Bigelow corporations and intelligence agencies. Alexander, a man who has repeatedly presented himself as willing and able to talk inside baseball on UFOs and the intelligence community, didn't want to discuss it.
The above image is a copy of the second page of a 1996 letter apparently composed from Carpenter to Bigelow, discussing copying and sending 140 case files, as well as expressing thanks for payment. The image was obtained from researcher Gary Hart, who included the letter and other items in complaints filed to MUFON and the State of Missouri Division of Professional Registration. Read more in the 2013 blog post on the Carpenter Affair linked above.
NSA Memo
In 2017 I published a post about NSA largely releasing a document via my FOIA request about an NSA assignee's attendance at a UFO symposium. The existence of the document, though previously withheld, was long known to researchers such as Philip Klass. Although we did not previously know its specific contents, Klass confidently suspected it was authored by Tom Deuley. Klass was in all likelihood correct for reasons provided and linked in my 2017 post. The document proved to be a memo, titled Information request solicitation, in which its author informed NSA of events and actions of researchers at the 1978 MUFON Symposium.
From the now mostly declassified memo:
Ambient Monitoring Project
In 2014 I did a blog post on the ill-fated Ambient Monitoring Project (AMP). The undertaking was initially titled the Abduction Monitoring Project, but was changed for reasons that reportedly included efforts to increase credibility and attract qualified researchers. The initiative involved placing instruments to measure environmental changes in the homes of individuals reporting alien abductions. It was headed up by long time ufology staple and career intelligence officer Tom Deuley, who likely composed the above NSA memo and served in leadership capacities of multiple UFO organizations, including MUFON. Funding sources for the AMP were not clearly disclosed and details of project results were never released. From the 2014 blog post:
Deuley wrote in the 2008 Journal article that the AMP was jointly proposed to MUFON, FUFOR [Fund for UFO Research] and the Center for UFO Studies (CUFOS). The collaboration reportedly resulted in the UFO Research Coalition, or the URC, as Deuley dubbed it. Exactly where the funding originated, however, was not clear, and Deuley did not at all address the amount and specific terms of project funding.
The proposal was given to the Fund for UFO Research, Deuley stated in the article, “with the intention that they in turn offer the idea to some prospective donors who might be interested in this project.”
“Over time,” he continued, “the Fund’s efforts led to sufficient funding for the work.”
“With a good prospect for a sponsor,” Deuley not so clearly explained further, “the URC continued to fine-tune the proposal. After several rounds of changes and negotiation with the prospective funding organization, the proposal for the Ambient Monitoring Project was accepted.”
Who ever the “prospective funding organization” of which Deuley may have been referring, how ever the proposal may specifically have been “accepted,” and where ever reported “sufficient funding” may have actually originated, Richard Hall told UFO Updates List the project was out of money. Hall informed them of that nine months before Deuley's July, 2008, article which suggested funding was in hand and data was in the process of being analyzed.
[...]
In 2008 I emailed inquiries about the project to various board members of the UFO organizations involved. An email was sent to Deuley, who I requested provide details that might be available for public release, particularly concerning such information as final analysis and project personnel. He replied August 2, 2008:
“The analysis is in progress and will include a full report when all of the cases have been analyzed. Until then we feel it is prudent to not publicize who is doing the analysis or where it is being conducted. The report is most likely to be printed in theMUFON Journal, and if extensive to be published for sale by the UFO Research Coalition.”
I sent a similar inquiry to David Boras of CUFOS, who briefly replied on August 3, 2008, “Statistical analyses are ongoing and not yet available.”
Astronomer Dr. John Carlson, also of FUFOR, and I exchanged some brief messages. Even after I made him aware Deuley had just days prior stated in an email to me that AMP data was in the process of being analyzed, Carlson wrote in an August 5, 2008 email there were no funds to analyze the data, so he believed the project was effectively dormant.
Such discrepancies and contradictions within MUFON and UFO orgs have now become common to the point of no longer attracting meaningful discussion. Inaccuracy and a lack of direct answers from leadership have come to be expected.
UFO Research Coalition
Robert Bigelow
It was repeatedly stated by those familiar with and involved in the AMP that it was a collaboration of CUFOS, MUFON and FUFOR. Tom Deuley reported in his 2008 MUFON Journal article that the collaboration resulted in the forming of the UFO Research Coalition. The FUFOR website indicated the Coalition was formed at the suggestion of Robert Bigelow.
"Disagreement over control of the UFO Research Coalition lead to a complete break with Robert Bigelow," the website further stated, indicating the "disagreement" culminated in 1994. The conflict was apparently resolved by the time of the MUFON-BAASS venture of 2009, when many of the same organizational leaders were on deck, as can be explored in detail at the bottom of the 2014 blog post, What Happened to the Ambient Monitoring Project?.
Conclusions
There may be some events of interest under the descriptions of high strangeness or things in the sky. I don't claim to know, and as regular readers are aware, my primary area of focus migrated into social aspects of the UFO community. While I don't profess to conclusively know much about what all is being reported and witnessed, I'm pretty confident you aren't going to get any substantial explanations from the latest crowd of self-proclaimed insiders, researchers, and disclosure activists. We simply have no reason to think so, barring extreme changes of operating procedures. It is more than reasonable at this point, if not arguably naive not to call into question the funding sources and agendas of those directing the UFO research community.
It is also reasonable to desire financial accountability from tax-funded projects, such as the AATIP, and nonprofit corporations, namely MUFON, that collect public financial support while enjoying tax benefits. You are entitled to expect accurate and reasonably transparent reporting of budgets and activities. We clearly have a long, long way to go to achieve such transparency in the UFO community. I am strongly of the opinion its obstruction and the related issues are much more worthy of attention than the unsubstantiated sensational claims promoted by the involved parties.
TRUTH IS OUT THERE - Baffled US intelligence officers leak UFO footage THEMSELVES to get help from unwitting public in IDing mystery objects, Pentagon ‘X files project’ chief claims
TRUTH IS OUT THERE - Baffled US intelligence officers leak UFO footage THEMSELVES to get help from unwitting public in IDing mystery objects, Pentagon ‘X files project’ chief claims
Luis Elizondo said military bosses declassified and released the unexplained videos in a bid to solve the mystery
EXCLUSIVE
By Emma Parry, Digital US Correspondent
THE former head of the Pentagon’s real life X-Files programme revealed that defence officials released top secret UFO videos to the public - in a bid to find answers.
Luis Elizondo, the former head of the top secret programme, said that two mysterious videos of UFO encounters, published late last year were released so that people could look at them and help “put together more pieces of the puzzle”.
Now in a video clip shared exclusively with Sun Online, Elizondo claims that he did not “trick” or gain the videos by “false pretense” - but that defence officials willingly declassified and released the footage - so members of the public could try and identify the mysterious objects in them.
When asked how the once-classified videos were released, Elizondo said: “No, there was no trick and there was no false pretense.
Elizondo said the Department of Defense declassified the views and allowed them to be released
“The videos were released in accordance with the strict manner that DoD (Department of Defense) prescribes, following DoD manuals and regulations involving the release of information…. furthermore, an additional step was taken to have the videos reviewed by foreign disclosure representatives - in fact the most senior foreign disclosure representatives - in the department.
“Ultimately it required OCA or “original classification authority” approval and review to release the videos.
“So in essence, I didn't really release anything - the Department of Defense released those videos.
New footage shows 'UFO' recorded by US fighter jet pilots
"The documentation is held by the Department of Defense and the justification for releasing those videos were exactly as stated that was to create an unclassified database that people could then access and try to help us identify the signatures we were seeing.”
He adds: “I suspect we will always get more information as people with, with additional expertise, experience and background continue to look at the videos … we will begin to put together more pieces of the puzzle.
“There are experts I would submit now that are out there, perhaps within this audience that is watching this video now, that have the ability to look at some of these videos and help us have a better understanding of what exactly we're looking at.”
YOUTUBE
Luis Elizondo oversaw the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program
A full recorded interview with Elizondo was shown at the International UFO Congress - in which the former AATIP manager revealed his opinion on the existence of UFOs and whether or not they should be presumed a threat.
Nick Pope, who used to do a similar job to Elizondo for Britain’s Ministry of Defence told Sun Online: “The whole situation is bizarre. The idea seems to have been that when the Pentagon's imagery analysts drew a blank, they decided to put two or three videos into the public domain, to see if anyone else could solve the mystery.
“Maybe this was limited to specialist aviation forums at first, but inevitably these things get cross-posted and end up on YouTube.
TWITTER @NICKPOPEMOD
Ex-MoD employee Nick Pope is an expert on UFOs
“While I never did anything like this with any of the 'unknowns' we received at the MoD, it's certainly an imaginative tactic.
“The Pentagon's processes are complicated, and declassifying something isn't quite the same as authorizing something for public release, so despite Luis Elizondo's detailed explanation, there's still controversy about whether due process was followed.”
He added: "These bombshell revelations give us the clearest insight yet into the Pentagon's secret UFO project.
“So far, all we've heard from Luis Elizondo are a few carefully crafted quotes in the original newspaper story, and some brief TV news interviews that lasted just a few brief minutes.
The Pentagon revealed in December that they have been secretly investigating UFO sightings for five years
“In this new video we learned a lot more about AATIP, and the man who ran it: his background, how he got involved in AATIP and became director, how they got cases from not just the military but also from the intelligence community, and how the UFO videos got into the public domain.
“There's also more speculative material where Elizondo reveals what he thinks about UFOs, and the related question of whether or not he thinks they're a threat.
“On this point, his view - which was the same as mine when I did a similar job in the MoD - is that until you can prove something isn't a threat, the sensible military presumption should be that it might be.”
JOHN CHAPPLE
UFO expert Alejandro Rojas said getting official information about the videos had been difficult
Ufologist Alejandro Rojas, who organized the International UFO Congress and shared the clip with Sun Online, said: "Elizondo's revelations regarding the UFO videos they have released thus far are a bit of a mixed bag.
"It is fascinating to hear the scrutiny the release went through when the DoD chose to release the videos. It also great to hear more about what Elizondo and his group ruled out as they attempted to identify the objects in the video.
"He addresses many of the questions some of the more skeptical researchers have posed.
"To me, it sound like the videos were released in order for members of the general public to look at and scrutinize them to help find answers in a citizen science or crowd-sourcing type project. However, getting more official information about the videos sounds difficult.
"So far, apart from what has been shared by Elizondo and the New York Times, the DoD has not been forthcoming with additional information.
"Fortunately, Elizondo has promised us a follow-up interview and it seems he intends to continue to share information as long as it has been approved for release. His insider's view is invaluable."
The congress organizers will be releasing more from Elizondo's video later this week on their YouTube channel.
When it comes to identifying existential threats posed by technological innovations, the popular imagination summons visions of Terminator, The Matrix, and I, Robot — dystopias ruled by robot overlords who exploit and exterminate people en masse. In these speculative futures, a combination of super-intelligence and evil intentions leads computers to annihilate or enslave the human race.
However, a new study suggests that it will be the banal applications of A.I. that will lead to severe social consequences within the next few years. The report — “Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence” — authored by 26 researchers and scientists from elite universities and tech-focused think tanks, outlines ways that current A.I. technologies threaten our physical, digital, and political security. To bring their study into focus, the research group only looked at technology that already exists or plausibly will within the next five years.
Image recognition software has already surpassed human competence.
What the study found: A.I. systems will be likely expand existing threats, introduce new ones and change the character of them. The thesis of the report is that technological advances will make certain misdeeds easier and more worthwhile. The researchers claim that improvements in A.I. will decrease the amount of resources and expertise needed to carry out some cyber attacks, effectively lowering the barriers to crime:
The costs of attacks may be lowered by the scalable use of AI systems to complete tasks that would ordinarily require human labor, intelligence and expertise. A natural effect would be to expand the set of actors who can carry out particular attacks, the rate at which they can carry out these attacks, and the set of potential targets.
The report makes four recommendations:
1 - Policymakers should collaborate closely with technical researchers to investigate, prevent, and mitigate potential malicious uses of AI.
2 - Researchers and engineers in artificial intelligence should take the dual-use nature of their work seriously, allowing misuserelated considerations to influence research priorities and norms, and proactively reaching out to relevant actors when harmful applications are foreseeable.
3 - Best practices should be identified in research areas with more mature methods for addressing dual-use concerns, such as computer security, and imported where applicable to the case of AI.
4 - Actively seek to expand the range of stakeholders and domain experts involved in discussions of these challenges
How A.I. can make current scams smarter:example, spear phishing attacks, in which con artists pose as a target’s friend, family member, or colleague in order to gain trust and extract information and money, are already a threat. But today, they require a significant expenditure of time, energy, and expertise. As A.I. systems increase in sophistication, some of the activity required for a spear phishing attack, like collecting information about a target, may be automated. A phisher could then invest significantly less energy in each grift and target more people.
And if scammers begin to integrate A.I. into their online grifts, it may become impossible to distinguish reality from simulation. “As AI develops further, convincing chatbots may elicit human trust by engaging people in longer dialogues, and perhaps eventually masquerade visually as another person in a video chat,” the report says.
We’ve already seen the consequences of machine-generated video in the form of Deepfakes. As these technologies become more accessible and user friendly, the researchers worry that bad actors will disseminate fabricated photos, videos, and audio files. This could result in highly successful defamation campaigns with political ramifications.
In just four years, generative neural networks learned to create photorealistic human faces.
Beyond the keyboard: And potential malfeasance isn’t restricted to the internet. As we move toward the adoption of autonomous vehicles, hackers might deploy adversarial examples to fool self-driving cars into misperceiving their surroundings. “An image of a stop sign with a few pixels changed in specific ways, which humans would easily recognize as still being an image of a stop sign, might nevertheless be misclassified as something else entirely by an AI system,” the report says.
Other threats include autonomous drones with integrated facial recognition software for targeting purposes, coordinated DOS attacks that mimic human behavior, and automated, hyper-personalized disinformation campaigns.
The report recommends that researchers consider potential malicious applications of A.I. while developing these technologies. If adequate defense measures aren’t put in place, then we may already have the technology to destroy humanity, no killer robots required.
If you’ve ever wished you were taller, you might want to consider becoming a space traveler. The absence of gravitational pressure in orbit has been shown to stretch out the spines of astronauts, an effect that’s fictionalized in The Expanse franchise with the belters, a super-tall human population raised in microgravity.
While this might seem like the kind of therapeutic treatment you’d get in a specialty salon, it comes with all kinds of drawbacks, including back pain while in space, and a greater chance of slipped discs after returning to Earth’s gravity. That’s the catch to this magic height-enhancing technique—like belters, astronauts experience pain when their bodies are rejiggered by differing gravity environments (though not quite to the torturous extent shown in the scifi series).
To address these negative impacts, scientists at King’s College London and ESA’s Space Medicine Office have been developing a “Skinsuit,” which is a tight spandex outfit designed to squeeze astronauts so that they retain their normal skeletal structures.
It’s understandably tough to develop a unitard that can trick the human body into thinking it’s still under Earth’s gravity, without making astronauts feel like they’ve been freeze-wrapped. Early versions of the Skinsuit, designed to simulate 80 percent of Earth’s gravitational pressure, were too constrictive to be worn for periods longer than a few hours.
However, the most recent “Mark VI” model of the Skinsuit dialed the pressure back to 20%, which provided a better tradeoff for astronaut wellbeing.
“The first concepts were really uncomfortable,” said Philip Carvil, a space physiologist at King’s College’s Centre of Human & Aerospace Physiological Sciences, in an ESA profile of the Skinsuit project posted Wednesday. “The Mark VI Skinsuit is extremely comfortable, to the point where it can be worn unobtrusively for long periods of normal activity or while sleeping.”
Carvil and his colleagues use half-filled waterbeds as a stand-in for microgravity when they test out these Skinsuits in the lab, but earlier versions have also been worn in space by ESA astronauts Andreas Mogensen and Thomas Pesquet during stints on the International Space Station.
As humans push farther into space, and spend longer periods away from the gravity well we evolved to inhabit, these suits will become more important to our comfort and survival.
Animation Tool Helps Alien-Hunting Scientists Track a Planet's Habitable Zone
Animation Tool Helps Alien - Hunting Scientists Track a Planet's Habitable Zone
By Calla Cofield, Space.com Senior Writer
A planet orbiting in the "habitable zone" of its parent star has the potential to host liquid water on its surface — a critical ingredient for life as we know it. But what if a planet is in the habitable zone only some of the time? Can life still thrive there?
It's lucky for life on Earth that the sun's habitable zone is effectively stationary and unmoving, providing life with a steady source of radiation. But that isn't the case in every star system. Physicist Tobias Müller and astrophysicist Nader Haghighipour wrote a computer program that demonstrates how the position and shape of habitable zones can change rapidly in double- and triple-star systems, which are thought to be extremely common in the universe.
On a website the two scientists created to host the program (and make it available to other researchers) is an animation of the star system KIC 4150611.
The three-star system KIC 4150611 has a peculiar orbit that creates a rapidly changing "habitable zone" (in dark green). The black dots are stars.
The animation shows three stars engaged in a complicated orbit — two of them (K1 and K2) orbit close together, completing a single orbit in less than two Earth days. The third star (A) orbits farther away, looping around the close-knit pair on the order of months. But star A's orbit is not circular, so its distance to K1 and K2 changes. When the three stars come close together, they form a single habitable zone. But as they move apart that zone separates into two separate habitable zones. (In the video above, the dark green area is the habitable zone; the light green areas show places where scientists think habitability might be possible, but that would depend on other factors including the nature of the planet's atmosphere.)
The oddly-evolving habitable zone of the three-star system KID 5653126. The black dots are stars and the dark green region is the habitable zone.
In another extreme scenario, in the star system KID 5653126, a stellar pair orbit closely around each other and create a mostly stable habitable zone. But a third star orbits the pair and wanders erratically through the habitable zone — a potentially disastrous event for any planets that might reside there.
These sample animations can be found here: http://astro.twam.info/hz/. A complete description of the HZ calculator can be found here: http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-637X/782/1/26/meta. There are no known planets around the two star systems mentioned above, but there are star systems with unstable habitable zones that are known to host planets. If researchers are going to go hunting for life on those worlds, it would be good to know ahead of time how a changing habitable zone affects a planet's habitability.
At home on Tatooine
The fictional planet of Tatooine from the "Star Wars" universe orbits two suns. The planet is a harsh desert, but was supposedly temperate enough for life to evolve. Scientists have shown that planets around double-star systems exist in the universe, and that they could even support life. But how would the orbits of the two parent stars affect temperatures on the planet?
The HZ calculator provides some insight to this question. The real-world double-star system Kepler 453 is home to two stars, one of which is about five times larger than the other. That means the smaller star effectively orbits the larger one (as opposed to the two stars both orbiting a point in space between them). At least one planet is known to orbit both stars, but the movement of that smaller star means the amount of radiation reaching the planet changes regularly.
The orbit of two stars in the system Kepler 453 causes the surrounding habitable zone to shift. The white dot shows a potential planet in the system that might be affected by the changing levels of radiation.
In the animation produced by the HZ calculator, the planet's position in the habitable zone is an illustration of how much radiation the planet is receiving from its parent stars. Over the course of a year, the planet drifts from the middle of the habitable zone (the dark-green region) to the very inner edge of that zone (the light-green region), where temperatures might be too hot to support liquid water on the planet's surface.
This would result in large seasonal swings on the planet's surface, according to Elizabeth Tasker, an associate professor in solar system science at the Japanese Aerospace Agency (JAXA). She addressed this issue during a recent talk on planet habitability at a meeting of the committee on Astrobiology Science Strategy for the Search for Life in the Universe for the National Academy of Sciences. The meeting was held at the University of California, Irvine.
"If you have very extreme seasons brought on by an eccentric orbit, can you still discuss habitability? Can life survive this?" Tasker said. "Well, of course, we don't really know, but the outlook isn't completely bleak."
Tasker said exoplanet scientists have theorized that planets that drift across the inner edge of the habitable zone during an orbit might experience extreme seasons, but could potentially retain liquid water during those swings. Perhaps on the fictional planet of Tatooine, Luke Skywalker's aunt and uncle harvest moisture during the cooler seasons, and live off their harvest through the harsher periods brought on by the movement of the two suns.
It could also be that life-forms on the planet go underground or hibernate during the hot periods; but if that's the case, it could be difficult for Earth-bound scientists to detect those life-forms.
This kind of information is becoming relevant as scientists get closer to being able to look for signs of habitability on alien worlds. With thousands of planets to choose from, where will scientists go looking? The HZ calculator is one tool researchers can use to help narrow the list of planets to target for follow-up study, according to Tasker.
Müller, a professor of mathematics and computer science at the University of Groningen in Germany, told Space.com in an email that the HZ calculator has been helpful in illustrating that habitable zones are not static, something that can be difficult to understand without a visual aid, he said. He and Haghighipour, a researcher at the Institute for Astronomy and the NASA Astrobiology Institute at the University of Hawaii-Manoa, have collaborated on scientific papers that made use of the HZ calculator.
No guarantees
This illustration shows the "habitable zone" of Earth's sun. Earth lies inside the habitable zone, while Venus and Mars lie just outside it, in a region where certain conditions could make liquid water possible.
Credit: NASA
A planet that lies in the "habitable zone" of a star has no guarantee of being "habitable." But a planet in the habitable zone receives enough radiation from its parent star (or stars) that the temperature on its surface could be right for hosting liquid water on its surface, an essential ingredient for life as we know it. Too much heat and liquid water evaporate; too little heat and the water would freeze.
For a planet to have liquid water on its surface, it has to have a surface, which means it has to be rocky, like Earth, not a gas giant like Jupiter or Saturn. The planet also has to have an atmosphere, but that atmosphere has to be moderate — Venus' atmospheremakes the planet's surface far too hot for water to remain a liquid, but that may not have always been the case. And scientists think it's likely that many planets migrate through their solar system, so they could move out of the habitable zone, killing off any life that might have emerged there. Most stars experience a change in their radiation output near the beginning of their lifetimes, which could have the same effect.
"When we talk about 'the habitable zone,' we're really just talking about a crude sample selection technique," Tasker said. "It is not a quantitative measurement of a planet's habitability."
Tasker also mentioned that there are multiple scenarios in which life might survive outside the habitable zone. Take, for example, a moon orbiting a very large, hot planet around a star. The moon not only receives heat from the star, but may also receive heat from the planet. In addition, if the moon has an eccentric orbit (meaning not circular), it could experience extreme tidal heating (wherein the gravity of a planet pulls on the interior of a moon, creating a potential internal heat source for the moon). In that case, the moon might be too hot if it lies in the habitable zone of the parent star, but could be perfectly habitable if it lies just outside the habitable zone.
In total, researchers have identified thousands of alien planets, and there are new instruments coming online that will identify even more. Advanced instruments, like the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), set to launch in 2019, will allow scientists to study those known planets in more detail, and search for complex "biosignatures" in the exoplanet atmospheres, or chemical combinations that are typically produced by life-forms. The upcoming Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (WFIRST), set to launch in the mid-2020s, and the proposed Large UV/ Optical/Infrared Survey (LUVOIR), could also search for signs of habitability on exoplanets.
"I personally think this is perhaps the most exciting time for our field," Tasker said during her presentation. "I think, perhaps, in the next 10 years we're going to be able to really start talking about habitability on another planet.
"Now whether we will discover — conclusively — life, I think that's more questionable, but the amount of information we're going to get from things like JWST or WFIRST or LUVOIR is going to be game changing," she said. "It's going to be amazing."
Amateur Astronomer Wins 'Cosmic Lottery' with 1-in-10-Million Supernova Shot
Amateur Astronomer Wins 'Cosmic Lottery' with 1-in-10-Million Supernova Shot
By Mike Wall, Space.com Senior Writer
The newfound supernova 2016gkg, which is located about 80 million light-years from Earth in the galaxy NGC 613, as photographed by a group of University of California, Santa Cruz astronomers on Feb. 18, 2017, using the 1-meter Swope telescope at Las Campanas Observatory in Chile.
Credit: Carnegie Institution for Science/Las Campanas Observatory/UC Santa Cruz
Victor Buso picked the right patch of sky for camera testing.
On Sept. 20, 2016, the Argentine amateur astronomer was trying out a new camera he'd affixed to his 16-inch (41 centimeters) telescope. He took some shots of the spiral galaxy NGC 613 — which lies about 80 million light-years from Earth, in the southern constellation Sculptor — and spotted something interesting: a brightening pinprick of light near the end of a spiral arm.
Astronomers at the Astrophysics Institute of La Plata, just outside Buenos Aires, quickly got wind of the find. They fielded an international team that began studying the light source with bigger and more powerful scopes, both on the ground and in space, less than a day later. [Supernova Photos: Great Images of Star Explosions]
The researchers determined that Buso had imaged the "shock breakout" phase of a supernova — the first burst of visible light from an exploding star — according to a new study.
Nobody had ever captured this elusive event before. In getting his random lucky shots, Buso had bucked odds of 1 in 10 million, or perhaps even 1 in 100 million, study team members said.
"It's like winning the cosmic lottery," said study co-author Alex Filippenko, an astronomer at the University of California, Berkeley who helped observe the newborn supernova using the Lick and Keck observatories in California and Hawaii, respectively.
"Buso's data are exceptional," Filippenko added in a statement from UC Berkeley. "This is an outstanding example of a partnership between amateur and professional astronomers."
Discovery images of the supernova 2016gkg, obtained by amateur astronomer Victor Buso on Sept. 20, 2016. The supernova becomes visible as a faint but rapidly brightening object to the south of the host galaxy, the spiral NGC 613.
Credit: Víctor Buso and Gastón Folatelli
The professionals tracked the evolution of the supernova, which is known as SN 2016gkg, for two months. They determined that the object is a Type IIb supernova — a once-massive star that exploded after collapsing rapidly under the force of its own immense gravity.
Modeling work performed by the study team suggests that the dead star was originally about 20 times more massive than our sun. But, over the years, it had a lot of mass siphoned away, likely by a companion star, and probably harbored about five solar masses when it exploded, researchers said.
A powerful pressure wave from that explosion heated up the dead star's surface gas, causing it to brighten and emit light — the "shock breakout" that Buso captured.
NASA
"Professional astronomers have long been searching for such an event," Filippenko said. "Observations of stars in the first moments they begin exploding provide information that cannot be directly obtained in any other way."
The study, which was led by Melina Bersten of the Astrophysics Institute of La Plata, was published online today (Feb. 21) in the journal Nature.
1962 UFO Crash at Nellis Air Force Base Outside of Las Vegas, NV
1962 UFO Crash at Nellis Air Force Base Outside of Las Vegas, NV
April 18, 1962 UFO Incident Facts & Figures
Date: April 18, 1962
Time:Between 8:15 and 8:19 PM Local Time, though the incident in its entirety lasted 32 minutes as the object, tracked by NORAD, crossed a total of ten states.
Location:The incident actually began on the east coast, first spotted in Oneida, New York, just outside of Syracuse. It crossed ten states, including Kansas, Colorado and Utah, before disappearing from Nellis Airforce Base radar at 10,000 Feet.
Response:The Air Defense Command was alerted after the object was tracked by NORAD. The object apparently landed at one point, confirmed by an Air Force Spokesman. During the 42 minutes it was on the ground, all power was lost from a nearby power station. Power was restored once it left, at which time it was pursued by jet interceptors summoned from Phoenix and Stead Field in Reno, NV.
Outcome:Jets pursued the object until it exploded over the Mesquite Range in Nevada "in a brilliant glare that was visible over five states."
Witnesses:Having crossed from the east to west coast, the object was seen by literally thousands of people.
It has been described as a red or blue fireball; a red-flaming sword across the sky; an object resembling a tadpole; a very bright, white light was a smoke trail behind it with twenty-to-thirty explosions.
Witnesses in Utah claimed it was no more than 500 feet above their truck, causing it to nearly stall at the time.
According to Captain Herman Gordon Shields, who was interrogated at Hill Air Force Base by Douglas M. Crouch, the chief of the criminal investigation sections:
"It had a long slender appearance comparable to a cigarette in size, that is, the diameter with respect to the length of the object. The fore part, or the lower part of the object was very bright, intense white such as a magnesium fire. The second half, the aft section, was a clearly distinguishable yellowish color. I would say the object was just about divided in half, the fore part being intensely white, the aft section having a more yellow color to it."
Air Force Intelligence Report - April 24, 1962: [1b]At 0319& on 19 April 1962 a brilliant mid-air Illumination appeared over Nephi, Utah, visible in Idaho, California, Arizona and Kansas. One violent explosion and 20-30 sharp explosions followed illumination.
AF pilot in area reported clearly defined white object falling toward ground after illumination.
Resident of Lynndyl, Utah, stated a bright white object passed over him traveling north-west at 3OO-5OO feet altitude, having bright white trail, turning to smoke trail after object passed.
Observers at Jericho, Utah, (39 ^5M, 112 11W) stated object passed east of Jericho in north-west direction.
Observer 3 miles south-west of Eureka, Utah reported object passed over in northwest direction, alternately emitting gasping sound, retarding forward movement, and surging ahead three or four times, before flame at tail of object turned from bright yellow to blue. Observer stated object arced over and estimated that object landed in vicinity of M6.
[2]At 06202 on 19 April 1962 Captain Herman O. Shields, Troop Carrier Squadron, a reserve AF pilot and civilian Attorney at Law was interviewed at Bill AF3, with a tape recording being made of the interview. The following information and answers received to questions...
15a(l) Shape - A long cylinderical shape like a cigarette.
15a(2) Sisse - At the distance object appeared to be the size of a cigarette.
15a(3) Color - The forward or lower part of object was a bright intense white. the after half was a clearly distinguishable yellow color.
Conclusion:Apparently only one newspaper initially covered the incident, The Las Vegas Sun.
Dr. Robert Kadesch, an associate professor of physics at the University of Utah, dismissed it as probably being a "Bolide," an extremely bright meteor.
The radar sighting at Nellis Air Force Base initially reported the object as "unidentified," but later changed it to "Insufficient Data For Scientific Analysis."
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The Crop Circle Mystery: A Closer Look
The Crop Circle Mystery: A Closer Look
THE PHENOMENON OF crop circles is one that we regard as being a relatively recent mystery, but strange patterns have actually been appearing in fields for over three hundred years. Sometimes occurring ins and, ice or even snow, five thousand of these beautiful geometric shapes have manifested themselves in over forty countries across the globe. However, Man is still no closer realising their significance. Some are undoubtedly hoaxes but what do the steersman? Are they messages from space, Mother Earth, or perhaps another dimension?
Over the years,
those who live in the country side, particularly those who live along Ley lines and channels of natural energy, have come to regard the circles as part of rural life and a few witnesses have actually seen them made. They say an invisible line snakes its way at high speed through a field, pushing the stalks of crops aside. When it reaches a certain point it begins to spin round, pushing the crop down radially, as would the hands on a clock.When it has turned the full 360 degrees the force just vanishes, leaving the crop perfectly matted on the field floor.
No stalks spring up,and no stalks are crushed, they are all carefully and permanently bowed.The question as to who or what actually determines that the patterns should be made is still up for debate. Tales of UFOs and delights above fields the night before new formations appear are common. Similarly,there are a substantial proportion of hoax circles, but these are often easily discernible as they have trampled, crushed crops rather than gently bent stalks. Many people are convinced freak weather conditions such as mini, localised whirlwinds cause the patterns.
There is also a continuing study into the scientific qualities of cropcircles ,where investigators hope a rational, serious approach will reveal the truth.Perhaps the most popular explanation for the appearance of cropcircles is connected with earth forces. The great majority of good,reputable patterns in England appear in Wiltshire, around historic areas of high natural energy. They also often occur close to ancient forts, burial mounds, standing stones and fertility symbols therefore suggesting an affiliation with Britain’s traditional heritage.Indeed, many people are convinced the ancient forces of Mother Earth have a hand in their creation.One aspect of cropcircles’ character that is not questionable is the effect they have on electronic equipment. Tape recorders are known to speed up once inside a circle and then slow down again outside.
State-of-the-art
video equipment malfunctions without good cause, and even ordinary photographic cameras have produced severely distorted images. A rather ironic reaction circles have is on farm machinery. Not only are good crops flattened during a circle’s production,but many farmers have witnessedtheir harvesting equipment refusing to work anywhere near the circles.The circles have striking effects on humans. Some experts suggest that stepping inside certain patterns can cause extreme emotion change.
Some people feel an improved physical well-being and vitality in certain circles, whilst in others feelings of nausea, migraine, fatigue and light-headedness can be brought about. Just by sitting inside stone circles people with a longstanding medical conditions are said to have been significantly improved or even cured;the effect of a crop circle’s power on animals is equally impressive. Horses and cats in particular become agitated near patterns, and often refuse to enter them.
Flocks of birds have been seen flying straight towards a crop formation, only to drastically steer around them at the last minute, whilst some dogsfeel compelled to bound right into the centre of some circles, only to drop down asleep when they reach it.It seems a shame that some people do create hoax cropcircles. Of all unexplained phenomena, they are one of the most deserving of scientific study.
Unlike the fleeting images of monsters, aliens and ghosts, cropcircles are their own record of some unknown power. Whatever causes these formations undoubtedly leaves a trace of its inexplicable force. Country folk are well aware that, for centuries, something with which they have grown to live has been going on in their fields, but it is still something they do not quite understand.....
Manhattan reported more UFO sightings than any other borough
Manhattan reported more UFO sightings than any other borough
ByDean Balsamini
Houston Street, we have a problem.
Manhattan has gone from Studio 54 to Area 51, leading the five boroughs in sightings of unidentified flying objects over the last two years, data from the National UFO Reporting Center reveals.
Otherworldly tourists have included travelers in a “round orange orb,” a crew in a “cigar-shaped” craft and even “an unknown creature” that rudely “teleported” into one New Yorker’s back yard, according to reports made to the Washington-based group.
One Manhattan true believer claimed a close encounter — just by looking outside the gym window.
“It was rotating like a drill as it was also moving off axis and in a line towards the east,” the person explained. “As it rotated, you would be able to see four lights that would only be on one side and seen after it fully rotated. It has to be hundreds of feet long. Then after it appeared, four other smaller craft appeared that were to me saucer or spherical that blipped in and out.”
In all, there have been 27 spacey sightings in Manhattan since 2016, with Brooklynites close behind, reporting 24 strange objects — from a “very bright, round-shaped light in the sky” to a “fireball” of lights.
Queens denizens described 20 unexplained episodes, with a particularly impressive arrival last June.
“Group of about 7 UFOs, with a leader to the side, and a cluster to its north,” one witness reported.
Just eight mysterious incidents originated out of the Bronx, while Staten Island residents got interstellar a paltry six times.
“Surprised a UFO that was hovering silently above me, then it shot away,” one Staten Islander shrugged last January.
The reports include time and general place of occurrence, but can be painfully short of detail. Last May 3, someone in Brooklyn simply reported, “UFO.”
The center’s director is confident that the truth is out there.
“Do I believe in UFOs? I absolutely believe . . . I believe what the data says,” Peter Davenport insisted. “Read the cases and you come to the realization that these objects we’ve been calling UFOs for 70 years are being seen across the country and around the world on a daily basis.”
The most common claim the center receives is “lights in the sky that they can’t identify.” Davenport noted that, since May 2012, “we started seeing a type of report of clusters of red, orange, amber, yellow or gold lights.”
“Good photos, reliable photos” of UFOs are “scarce” because people have just seconds to capture “objects capable of moving at tremendous speeds,” he explained.
The group says it has catalogued more than 128,000 mysterious sightings worldwide since 1974, with most in the United States — 13,033 — originating in California. New York has collected just 4,500 in that time.
“There’s this sense that this is New York . . . there can’t be a UFO,” Davenport said. “Or they just don’t want to get involved.”
The space rock, named Asteroid 2017 DR109, is expected to hurtle past the planet at a hair-raisingly close distance on Saturday February 24, NASA has warned.
At around 5.18am on Saturday, DR109 will come within 0.007AU of Earth, the distance between the US and China 85 times over.
Flying at speeds of 16,553mph, the asteroid will shoot by the planet at a minimum distance of more than one million km away.
However, the asteroid only measures a tiny 11 metres in diameter, meaning its impact on Earth would be negligible.
GETTY
CLOSE SHAVE: Asteroid 2017 DR109 is set to brush past Earth on Saturday February 24
NASA does not consider 2017 DR109 to be a Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) – a space object that makes an exceptionally close approach to Earth.
PHAs are larger than 100 metres in diameter and come within 0.05 AU – approximately 19.5 lunar distances – to Earth, according to NASA’s classification.
NASA monitors all asteroids that come within close range of planet under its Near Earth Object programme.
Using Sentry – a highly automated collision monitoring system – NASA keeps a handle on celestial objects threatening to smash into Earth within the next 100 years.
Ancient civilisation used sound energy to 'LEVITATE and contact aliens' – shock claim
Ancient civilisation used sound energy to 'LEVITATE and contact aliens' – shock claim
ARCHAEOLOGICAL findings suggest previous civilisations used circular structures as energy-generating devices to create man-made portals in time, according to boffins online.
The research – which extended over a two-year period – suggested that human beings from thousands of years ago produced natural sound harmonic frequencies produced from the surface of the Earth.
In the clip, the narrator explains that the Sumerian civilisation may have inhabited parts of southern Africa thousands of years ago.
The Sumers are one of the earliest known civilisations known to walk the Earth.
They are said to date back to 3,000BC.
UFO MANIA - THE TRUTH IS OUT THERE
ALIEN CONTACT: Could previous civilisations spoken with extraterrestrial beings
The technology they apparently used is said to be similar to the way we use laser technology today.
Some of the frequencies recorded are believed to reach more than 380 gigahertz – much greater than any levels used today.
The discovery has left many confused as to what this previous society could possibly have done with the energy they created and whether they could have possibly known more about our planet than we do today.
The video was uploaded to YouTube channel UFOmania yesterday, and has already racked up more than 5000 hits.
And viewers suggested that previous societies have been in contact with extraterrestrial life.
One comment read: “Sound is one of the most abundant forms of free energy on the planet.
“It is the primordial source of all things and is the common denominator of all creation.
“With that being said, if an extraterrestrial race wanted to harvest energy from the planet, it could create such energy with sound.
“Sound was used as energy to levitate objects in order to create the monuments that opened vortices which allowed spacecraft to come and go."
And another added: “I always thought that many ancient rock carvings show a spiral, which could be some kind of sound wave.
“This is something they can only draw and couldn't put into words.
“Many petroglyphs around the world show a spiral of some kind I think it's some kind of sound energy that we cannot understand at this point in time.”
Researchers find ancient rock art with paintings of whales and sharks in the desert
Researchers find ancient rock art with paintings of whales and sharks in the desert
A dramatic scene has been found by experts exploring the Atacama Desert in Chile as they have come across hundreds of pieces of stunning 1,500 year-old-rock art, depicting the slaughter of whales, turtles and even sharks.
In the north of Chile, located right between the Pacific Ocean and the beginning of the vast Atacama Desert is the archaeological site of El Médano. North of it, researchers have discovered a new archaeological site with more than 300 ancient paintings.
The archaeological site of El Médano features a valuable set of rock paintings which were discovered in 1918 by an amateur archaeologist named Augusto Capdeville.
But, now, a team from the University of La Sorbonne, has located in the vicinity, new previously unknown rock art.
The new site called Izcuña, located a few miles north of Médano depicts drawings which are approximately 1,500 years old.
There, using strokes of red color, the ancient inhabitants of the region made rock art depicting the hung of whales, swordfish, marlin, squid, sea lion, turtles, and sharks.
All the paintings were made with a pigment of a red color and show the harpooned animals, but not their hunters.
Scientists explain how these hunting scenes are based on the everyday experiences of the ancient inhabitants living near Chile’s coastline.
The same scenery was present in the rock art researchers discovered at the beginning of the 20th century, although those paintings recreated hunting scenes of terrestrial animals.
The value of this finding is enormous because it helps document how the inhabitants of the area extracted a large part of their resources from the ocean, and also what techniques they used for it.
As noted by experts, the ancient inhabitants had advanced fishing and hunting technologies that included fish hook built from shell, bone, cactus spines, copper, and even rafts made of sea lion skin.
As noted by the Daily Mail, archaeologists have discovered around 328 paintings at Izcuña, on 24 blocks of rock.
“Archaeological evidence attests to a society specialized in marine resource exploitation. Its sophisticated fishing and hunting technology included fish-hooks made from shell, bone, cactus spines and copper, and cotton lines, nets, stone weights, harpoons and rafts made of sea lion skin,” explained researchers in the study.
“This specialization and the resource-rich Pacific coast allowed the inhabitants to be hugely productive, thereby facilitating permanent residential camps located near water springs and on natural jetties. From here, small groups could explore vast territories.”
Disclosure Time? Unpublished Project Blue Book Documents Released To The Public
Disclosure Time? Unpublished Project Blue Book Documents Released To The Public
One of the officers working on the Blue Book Project dared to rescue photographs, books, texts, documents, letters and trash memos, when the government-funded-initiative, project Blue Book; the study of UFOs was completed in 1969.
Now, thanks to researcher Rob Mercer and John Greenewald founder of The Black Vault, previously unknown documents have been digitized and posted online for the world to see.
The documents—which have all been declassified—were found behind a pile of firewood at a garage auction that took place in Fairborn, Ohio.
The Wright-Patterson Air Base, home of Project Blue Book and rumored to be the place where the remains of the ET ship that crashed in Roswell were taken to, is also located in Fairborn.
This last fact motivated investigator Rob Mercer, who immediately suspected that there was a possibility that the documents were genuine and decided to acquire them.
The investigation to determine the veracity of the find led Mercer to one officer responsible for having saved the archives instead of destroying them: Carmon Marano, a US Air Force lieutenant who worked at Project Blue Book, one of the US government’s attempts to explain the UFO phenomenon and, many times, debunk it before the public.
The Documents, already verified as genuine, have been posted online by John Greenewald, founder of The Black Vault.
Marked with a circle, Lieutenant Carmon Marano. Beneath him, in the center, Hector Quintanilla, the last director of Project Blue Book.
Project Blue Book was a series of studies on UFOs by the United States Air Force (USAF).
The objective of Project Blue Book was to determine if UFOs were a potential threat to national security.
Thousands of UFO reports were collected, analyzed and archived.
This has been the last USAF project related to UFOs that have been made public so far.
According to investigations, towards the end of 1951, several influential high ranking generals of the USAF were so dissatisfied with the state of UFO investigations of the Air Force that they dismantled the so-called Project Grudge and replaced it with Project Blue Book in early 1952.
During the time that Blue Book lasted, which was completed in 1969, 12,618 UFO reports were collected. Experts at the time had concluded that most ‘sightings’ were misinterpretations of natural phenomena (clouds, stars, etc.) or conventional aircraft.
Image credit Shutterstock.
A few sightings were considered frauds.
701 cases—approximately 6%—were classified as unexplained.
The reports were archived and are available under the Freedom of Information Act, but the names of the witnesses and other personal information have been removed.
The decision to terminate Project Blue Book was based on several factors, such as the evaluation of a report written by the University of Colorado entitled “The scientific study of UFOs”, the review of this report by the National Academy of Sciences, the UFO cases previously studied and the experience of the Air Force, which investigated UFO reports between 1940 and 1969.
As a consequence of these investigations, studies, and experiences, the conclusions of the Project Blue Book were:
1) No UFO which the Air Force investigated ever posed a threat to National Security.
2) The Air Force has not found any evidence that the observations classified as “unidentified” represent objects or technological principles that go beyond the scientific knowledge of the time.
3) There has been no evidence to indicate that the observations classified as “unidentified” were extraterrestrial vehicles.
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Controversial Study Claims: Man Began Using Words 1 Million Years Ago
Controversial Study Claims: Man Began Using Words 1 Million Years Ago
According to a new study, ancient man began using words around One Million years ago, as experts believe without ‘speech,’ ancient humans would not have been able to build boats and sail the planet in order to populate the planet.
“What is the greatest technology we have ever had as a species, the answer is language. Who invented it? Homo Erectus, about one million years ago or more.”
Experts may have just solved the riddle as to how and when ancient humans began speaking.
A controversial new study claims that speech was invented to help them organize, and build boats to populate the world.
Without ‘speech’ ancient man would not have been able to build boats and populate the world, say, researchers.
Image Credit: Shutterstock.
If we take a look at human origins, we will find that our earliest known ancestor, Homo erectus took a huge leap forward by starting to walk upright, more than one million years ago.
However, while he could walk like we can today, researchers have not been able to find evidence that he could talk. As noted by experts, language was not something that Homo erectus was capable of.
All of this is based on anatomy, as scientists believe Homo erectus did not have a bone called the Hyoid, which is a bone that helps anchor the tongue. Homo Sapiens did have it.
Therefore, experts suggest that Hom erectus wasn’t really capable of speech, he was only capable of howling.
This means that language is believed to have arrived together with Homo Sapiens.
However, a new controversial study forces us to rethink human origins, saying that Homo erectus must have had the ability to speak.
Researchers now claim that without language, Homo erectus would have never been capable of building the boats needed to travel across Earth’s vast oceans.
Furthermore, experts note that if Homo erectus had not developed speech, he would not have been able to sail across the globe in large numbers populating the planet.
What is the greatest technology we have ever had as a species, the answer is language. Who invented it? Homo erectus, about one million years ago or more. Those are controversial claims. Everybody talks about Homo erectus as a stupid ape-like creature, which of course describes us just as well, and yet what I want to emphasize is that erectus was the smartest creature that had ever walked the Earth,” says Daniel Everett, Professor of Global Studies, at Bentley University, Massachusetts.
Speaking at the American Association for the Advancement of Science, professor Everett explained: “Oceans were never a barrier to the travels of erectus.”
Homo erectus was able to travel all over the world. He traveled to the Island of Flores, across one of the greatest ocean currents on Earth.
“They sailed to the island of Crete and various other islands. It was intentional they needed craft and they needed to take groups of twenty or so at least to get to those places. And this is the consensus of the archaeological evidence. Erectus needed language when they were sailing to the island of Flores. They couldn’t have simply caught a ride on a floating log because then they would have been washed out to see when they hit the current,” explained Professor Everett.
“They needed to be able to paddle. And if they paddled they needed to be able to say ‘paddle there’ or ‘don’t paddle. You need communication with symbols not just grunts. They accomplished too much for this to simply be the sort of communication that we see in other species without symbols,” he added.
Countless Maya Artifacts And Human Remains Found In World’s Largest Underwater Cave
Countless Maya Artifacts And Human Remains Found In World’s Largest Underwater Cave
Researchers have found sacred Maya relics together with a 10,000-year-old Human skeleton in an underwater cave in Mexico.
In what is considered the world’s most important underwater archaeological site, experts have discovered sacred ancient Maya relics, together with human remains and Ice Age Animal Bones. So far, experts have discovered a total of 198 objects, including walls, altars and a Mayan burial site with human remains. Some of these objects date back more than 10,000 years and belonged to the first settlers of the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico.
The team in charge of the Great Maya Aquifer Project found a human skeleton which is believed to be 10 thousand years old, in what is considered the largest cenote in the world, in the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico.
The recently found bone structure is the fourth skeleton found so far, of what are believed to be the first settles in the area.
Image Credit: INAH
Lead Archaeologist Guillermo De Anda reported in a press conference the discovery of a cenote with stairs and altars dedicated to Ek Chuah, the God of war and commerce.
“I think it’s overwhelming. Without a doubt, it’s the most important submerged archaeological site in the world. It is very unlikely that there is another site in the world with these characteristics. There is an impressive amount of archaeological artifacts inside, and the level of preservation is also impressive.”
It is assumed that this space was used as a pilgrimage point by Mayan merchants.
Image Credit: INAH
Archaeologists found a large number of pottery remains and a mask representing the Ek Chuah.
The land routes used by the Maya for trade needed points of “ritual pilgrimage,” according to De Anda.
“On their way inland, they had to make stops at altars and in sacred places to make an exchange with the gods and, in some way, this is one of the traces they have left,” he said.
The so-called Cave of the God of Commerce has a temple and a stairway that allows access to the cave.
Image Credit: INAH
Throughout 347 kilometers of tunnels under the soil of Quintana Roo, archaeological and paleontological remains are concentrated in 198 places.
The team researching the world’s most important underwater archaeological site has the support of the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH) and National Geographic to explore the flooded galleries, where unique elements have been found so far, such as a cave with remains of Pleistocene fauna embedded in the walls.
Experts have uncovered a total of 198 objects in the cave system.
As noted by De Anda, the remains found could account for “a catastrophic event” that allowed these bones to remain in that place.
“We still need to determine what these bones belong to, but the project is integrating a resident paleontologist to understand these contexts and take care of them as they should,” he concluded.
RIGHT PLACE, RIGHT TIME In September 2016, an amateur astronomer was looking at spiral galaxy NGC 613 (shown), located about 65 million light-years away in the constellation Sculptor, and caught a supernova exploding.
SMARTT/QUEEN’S UNIVERSITY BELFAST, NASA, HUBBLE/ESA, ROBERT GENDLER
Víctor Buso spotted the supernova from his rooftop observatory in Rosario, Argentina, on September 20, 2016, when he aimed his telescope straight overhead at spiral galaxy NGC 613 to test a new camera. To avoid letting in too much light from the city sky — Rosario is a city of about 1.2 million people — he took a series of about 100 images that were each exposed for 20 seconds, spanning about an hour and a half.
Over the last half-hour of Buso’s observations, the supernova appeared and then doubled in brightness. In 2013, astronomers spotted a supernova within hours of its explosion (SN Online: 2/13/17), but this is one of the first to be spotted before it exploded.
Because there is no way to predict when and where a supernova will go off, this sort of observation is extremely rare, says astrophysicist Melina Bersten of the National University of La Plata in Argentina, who reports details of the supernova in the Feb. 22 Nature.
NOW YOU SEE IT The black spot toward the bottom right of this image is a supernova going off near galaxy NGC 613. An amateur astronomer in Argentina captured the explosion in nearly 100 images taken with a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor camera.
VÍCTOR BUSO AND GASTÓN FOLATELLI
“This is completely unusual, and was something that many people were searching for around the world without success,” Bersten says. “It was incredible.”
Bersten and her colleagues analyzed the light from the supernova and found that it matches models of the first phase of a supernova called the shock breakout phase, in which a shock wave from a massive star’s collapse ricochets back from the star’s core and pushes stellar material outward.
Photo NewsDe superstorm Winston in 2016 richtte voor vier miljard euro schade aan in Oceanië.
WEERNIEUWS Tropische superstormen zijn door opwarming van de aarde zo sterk geworden dat de huidige categorie-indeling van kracht 1 tot 5 niet meer voldoende is. Volgens klimaatwetenschappers op een congres in Nieuw-Zeeland is het daarom nodig een nieuwe categorie toe te voegen: schaal 6. Voor windsnelheden vanaf 320 kilometer per uur.
Tropische stormen of cyclonen worden al naar gelang hun kracht ingedeeld volgens de schaal van Saffir-Simpson. Bedoeling daarvan is bewoners in bedreigde gebieden voor te bereiden op de verwachte schade en risico’s. Een orkaan van categorie 2, 3 en 4 is bijvoorbeeld tien, vijftig, honderd keer zo verwoestend als een zwakke orkaan van categorie 1. Tot nu toe is categorie 5 het gevaarlijkst. Dan gaan de daken eraf van de meeste huizen en bedrijven. Bij een stormvloed langs de kust wordt de meeste laagbouw weggespoeld en kunnen de golven tot wel vier kilometer landinwaarts gaan.
Volgens klimatoloog Michael Mann van Pennsylvania State University dekt categorie 5 niet langer de lading. Een nieuwe categorie 6 zou een betere aanduiding zijn om de werkelijke kracht aan te geven van stormen van 320 kilometer per uur”, zegt hij in de Britse krant The Guardian. Uitbreiding van de schaal zou volgens hem benadrukken dat er wel degelijk een klimaatverandering gaande is die stormen krachtiger maakt dan ooit.
Aanpassing is ook nodig omdat het schadebeeld vertekend is, aldus Mann. Sinds de schaal van Saffir-Simpson werd opgesteld, in 1969, is er veel verbeterd in de stevigheid van bouw en infrastructuur. Dat er desondanks gebouwen omwaaien, zegt wat over de toegenomen kracht, aldus de wetenschapper. Recente stormen als de orkaan Patricia in 2015 met geschatte windstoten van tegen 400 kilometer per uur (8 doden, bijna 400 miljoen euro schade) en orkaan Winston in 2016 (44 doden, 4 miljard euro schade) passen volgens Mann in een nieuwe buitencategorie. Volgens de Nieuw-Zeelandse klimaatminister James Show zou orkaan Winston zeker een zes hebben gekregen ‘als die categorie had bestaan.’
WETENSCHAPEr is één kans op 10 tot 100 miljoen en het is de droom van elke astronoom. De Argentijnse amateur-sterrenkundige Victor Buso won de kosmische jackpot door (het begin van) een supernova te zien, zo staat in het jongste nummer van het wetenschappelijke vakblad Nature.
“Beroepsastronomen zoeken al lang naar een dergelijk evenement”, (de start van) een ontploffende ster, schreef Alex Filippenko van de Universiteit van Berkeley. “Het is zoals de ‘kosmische jackpot’ winnen”, “uitzonderlijk”. “De metingen van Victor Buso vormen een geheel van data zonder voorgaande”, weet Federico Garcia van het Franse Commissariaat voor Kernenergie.
Op 20 september 2016 beslist de door sterren gepassioneerde Argentijn een nieuw fototoestel op zijn telescoop te testen. Hij had de telescoop zelf gebouwd op het dak van zijn huis in de stad Rosario, ten noorden van Buenos Aires. Hij kiest voor zijn eerste foto’s sterrenstelsel NGC 613, op ongeveer tachtig miljoen lichtjaar van ons, in het sterrenbeeld Beeldhouwer. Bingo: een enorme ster beleeft de laatste uren van haar leven in een cataclystische ontploffing die bekendstaat als een supernova.
Spectaculair fenomeen
De fenomenen die daarmee gepaard gaan, zijn hevig. Want volgens de theorie wordt de materie van de ster aan snelheden van duizenden kilometer per seconde uitgespuwd. Vanwege de ongelooflijke hoeveelheid uitgestoten energie is het evenement helder en is het van op onze planeet te zien. Maar het is een zeldzaam en vooral niet te voorzien evenement. Astronomen ontdekken het in het algemeen pas na enkele dagen en nooit sinds het begin. Dat geluk had Victor Buso wel.
Hij sloeg alarm via de Amerikaanse vereniging van waarnemers van variabele sterren AVVSO en bracht een kettingreactie op gang. Een batterij astronomen en natuurkundigen richtte zijn instrumenten op het fenomeen. Sommigen observeren het vervolg gedurende meer dan twee maanden. Volgens de studie in het Britse Nature laten de nieuwe data toe beter de fysieke structuur te begrijpen van een ster vlak voor ze ontploft, alsmede de natuur zelf van de explosie.
Eén kans op tien miljoen
De ploeg wetenschappers kon uitmaken dat de initiële massa van de ster ongeveer twintig keer die van onze Zon was. Ze zagen ook de helderheid van de supernova spectaculair toenemen. Op minder dan een half uur tijd verveelvoudigde die met factor 3, zegt de Franse universiteit Paris Diderot. Volgens Melina Bersten van het Instituut voor Astrofysica van La Plata in Argentinië had Victor Buso “maar één kans op tien miljoen of zelfs 100 miljoen” om het spektakel te kunnen aanschouwen.
TwitterDe Argentijnse astronoom bouwde deze telescoop zelf op zijn dak.
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Mysterious Bright Object falls from the sky over Bahia, Brazil
Mysterious Bright Object falls from the sky over Bahia, Brazil
Residents of Salvador, the capital of Brazil's northeastern state of Bahia, reported a bright object falling from the sky with a huge flash before it exploded at low altitude on February 20, 2018.
Residents of Monte Gordo, in the district of Camaçari in the metropolitan region of Salvador heard the explosion too.
Credit image: Canal TV Noticias - Juliana Almirante – G1.Globo.
Land owner Edinei da Silva Almeida said that he was burning vegetation when he heard the explosion. Then Mr. Edinei da Silva Almeida accompanied by his neighbors started looking in the direction of the explosion and soon they found a strange object in an area of vegetation near a material store. The object looks like iron and weighs about 2.9 kg and is 15 cm in size.
Credit images: Juliana Almirante – G1.Globo.
While most of the experts believe that it was a small piece of a meteorite that fell to the ground, the Brazilian Meteorological Monitoring Network (Bramon) suggests there is also the possibility that a part of a rocket, which was sent by Russia to the International Space Station, may have come loose and have fallen in Bahia reports Globo.1.com.
Whatever it may have been remains a mystery for the time being.
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