Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS NEARLY 13 YEARS AND 4 MONTH.
ON /30/09/2024 MORE THAN 2.230.520
VISITORS FROM 135 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
14-07-2018
Mexico earthquake uncovers ancient temple hidden in damaged pyramid
Mexico earthquake uncovers ancient temple hidden in damaged pyramid
The temple was discovered when archaeologists were analyzing the damage in Teopanzolco pyramid.
(National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH))
Archeologists made a stunning discovery in Mexico on Wednesday when they uncovered an ancient temple nestled inside an Aztec-era pyramid that was damaged during last September's 7.1-magnitude earthquake.
Scientists from Mexico’s National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH) were checking for structural damage on the Teopanzolco pyramid in Morelos state, about 43 miles south of Mexico City, with a radar when they discovered the 20-by-13-feet temple.
Teopanzolco pyramid was built sometime between 1200 and the Spanish conquest in 1521.
(National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH))
“In spite of what the earthquake meant, it is necessary to be thankful that, for this natural phenomenon, this important structure [appeared] that changes the dating of the archaeological site,” the institute said in a news release.
The ancient temple nestled inside an Aztec-era pyramid.
(National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH))
The temple dates back further than the pyramid, which was built sometime between 1200 and the Spanish conquest in 1521. Archeologists believe the temple was built between 1150 and 1200 and was dedicated to the Aztec rain god Tlaloc.
An incense burner and ceramic shards were also located among the remains.
Archeologists believe the temple was built between 1150 and 1200 and was dedicated to the Aztec rain god Tlaloc.
(National Institute of Anthropology and History)
Barbara Koniecza, archeologist from the INAH Morelos Center, said it was common for pre-Hispanic cultures to build one temple over another.
"Possibly, on the right side are the remains of another temple dedicated to Huitzilopochtli,” she said in a Wednesday news conference.
She added that the pyramid endured extensive damage during the September quake.
An incense burner and ceramic shards were also located in the remains. (National Institute of Anthropology and History)
"The pyramid suffered considerable rearrangement of the core of its structure," Koniecza said.
Koniecza explained the quake left big gaps between the stones, causing the pyramid to be unstable. Scientists are working to restore the pyramid’s main structure.
The earthquake struck on Sept. 19, causing significant damage to many historical monuments, including colonial churches. More than 200 people were killed in Mexico City and many people were trapped under rubble when buildings were toppled.
Are we alone? Unfortunately, neither of the answers feel satisfactory. To be alone in this vast universe is a lonely prospect. On the other hand, if we are not alone and there is someone or something more powerful out there, that too is terrifying.
As a NASA research scientist and now a professor of physics, I attended the 2002 NASA Contact Conference, which focused on serious speculation about extraterrestrials. During the meeting a concerned participant said loudly in a sinister tone, "You have absolutely no idea what is out there!" The silence was palpable as the truth of this statement sunk in. Humans are fearful of extraterrestrials visiting Earth. Perhaps fortunately, the distances between the stars are prohibitively vast. At least this is what we novices, who are just learning to travel into space, tell ourselves.
I have always been interested in UFOs. Of course, there was the excitement that there could be aliens and other living worlds. But more exciting to me was the possibility that interstellar travel was technologically achievable. In 1988, during my second week of graduate school at Montana State University, several students and I were discussing a recent cattle mutilation that was associated with UFOs. A physics professor joined the conversation and told us that he had colleagues working at Malmstrom Air Force Base in Great Falls, Montana, where they were having problems with UFOs shutting down nuclear missiles. At the time I thought this professor was talking nonsense. But 20 years later, I was stunned to see a recording of a press conference featuring several former US Air Force personnel, with a couple from Malmstrom AFB, describing similar occurrences in the 1960s. Clearly there must be something to this.
With July 2 being World UFO Day, it is a good time for society to address the unsettling and refreshing fact we may not be alone. I believe we need to face the possibility that some of the strange flying objects that outperform the best aircraft in our inventory and defy explanation may indeed be visitors from afar – and there's plenty of evidence to support UFO sightings.
The nuclear physicist Enrico Fermi was famous for posing thought provoking questions. In 1950, at Los Alamos National Laboratory after discussing UFOs over lunch, Fermi asked, "Where is everybody?" He estimated there were about 300 billion stars in the galaxy, many of them billions of years older than the sun, with a large percentage of them likely to host habitable planets. Even if intelligent life developed on a very small percentage of these planets, then there should be a number of intelligent civilizations in the galaxy. Depending on the assumptions, one should expect anywhere from tens to tens of thousands of civilizations.
With the rocket-based technologies that we have developed for space travel, it would take between 5 and 50 million years for a civilization like ours to colonize our Milky Way galaxy. Since this should have happened several times already in the history of our galaxy, one should wonder where is the evidence of these civilizations? This discrepancy between the expectation that there should be evidence of alien civilizations or visitations and the presumption that no visitations have been observed has been dubbed the Fermi Paradox.
Carl Sagan correctly summarized the situation by saying that "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence." The problem is that there has been no single well-documented UFO encounter that would alone qualify as the smoking gun. The situation is exacerbated by the fact that many governments around the world have covered upand classifiedinformation aboutsuch encounters. But there are enough scraps of evidence that suggest that the problem needs to be open to scientific study.
When it comes to science, the scientific method requires hypotheses to be testable so that inferences can be verified. UFO encounters are neither controllable nor repeatable, which makes their study extremely challenging. But the real problem, in my view, is that the UFO topic is taboo.
While the general public has been fascinated with UFOs for decades, our governments, scientists and media, have essentially declared that of all the UFO sightings are a result of weather phenomenon or human actions. None are actually extraterrestrial spacecraft. And no aliens have visited Earth. Essentially, we are told that the topic is nonsense. UFOs are off-limits to serious scientific study and rational discussion, which unfortunately leaves the topic in the domain of fringe and pseudoscientists, many of whom litter the field with conspiracy theories and wild speculation.
I think UFO skepticism has become something of a religion with an agenda, discounting the possibility of extraterrestrials without scientific evidence, while often providing silly hypotheses describing only one or two aspects of a UFO encounter reinforcing the popular belief that there is a conspiracy. A scientist must consider all of the possible hypotheses that explain all of the data, and since little is known, the extraterrestrial hypothesis cannot yet be ruled out. In the end, the skeptics often do science a disservice by providing a poor example of how science is to be conducted. The fact is that many of these encounters – still a very small percentage of the total – defy conventional explanation.
The media amplifies the skepticism by publishing information about UFOs when it is exciting, but always with a mocking or whimsical tone and reassuring the public that it can't possibly be true. But there are credible witnesses and encounters.
Cover of the October 1957 issue of pulp science fiction magazine Amazing Stories. This was a special edition devoted to 'flying saucers,' which became a national obsession after airline pilot Kenneth Arnold sighted a saucer-shaped flying objects in 1947.
Why don't astronomers see UFOs?
I am often asked by friends and colleagues, "Why don't astronomers see UFOs?" The fact is that they do. In 1977, Peter Sturrock, a professor of space science and astrophysics at Stanford University, mailed 2,611 questionnaires about UFO sightings to members of the American Astronomical Society. He received 1,356 responses from which 62 astronomers – 4.6 percent – reported witnessing or recording inexplicable aerial phenomena. This rate is similar to the approximately 5 percent of UFO sightings that are never explained.
As expected, Sturrock found that astronomers who witnessed UFOs were more likely to be night sky observers. Over 80 percent of Sturrock's respondents were willing to study the UFO phenomenon if there was a way to do so. More than half of them felt that the topic deserves to be studied versus 20 percent who felt that it should not. The survey also revealed that younger scientists were more likely to support the study of UFOs.
UFOs have been observed through telescopes. I know of one telescope sighting by an experienced amateur astronomer in which he observed an object shaped like a guitar pick moving through the telescope's field of view. Further sightings are documented in the book "Wonders in the Sky," in which the authors compile numerous observations of unexplained aerial phenomena made by astronomers and published in scientific journals throughout the 1700s and 1800s.
Evidence from government and military officers
Some of the most convincing observations have come from government officials. In 1997, the Chilean government formed the organization Comité de Estudios de Fenómenos Aéreos Anómalos, or CEFAA, to study UFOs. Last year, CEFAA released footage of a UFO taken with a helicopter-mounted Wescam infrared camera.
The countries of Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Ecuador, France, New Zealand, Russia, Sweden and the United Kingdom have been declassifying their UFO files since 2008. The French Committee for In-Depth Studies, or COMETA, was an unofficial UFO study group comprised of high-ranking scientists and military officials that studied UFOs in the late 1990s. They released the COMETA Report, which summarized their findings. They concluded that 5 percent of the encounters were reliable yet inexplicable: The best hypothesis available was that the observed craft were extraterrestrial. They also accused the United States of covering up evidence of UFOs. Iran has been concerned about spherical UFOs observed near nuclear power facilities that they call "CIA drones" which reportedly are about 30 feet in diameter, can achieve speeds up to Mach 10, and can leave the atmosphere. Such speeds are on par with the fastest experimental aircraft, but unthinkable for a sphere without lift surfaces or an obvious propulsion mechanism.
1948 Top Secret USAF UFO extraterrestrial document. United States Air Force
Credit: United States Air Force
In December 2017, The New York Times broke a story about the classified Advanced Aviation Threat Identification Program, which was a $22 million program run by the former Pentagon official Luis Elizondo and aimed at studying UFOs. Elizondo resigned from running the program protesting extreme secrecy and the lack of funding and support. Following his resignation Elizondo, along with several others from the defense and intelligence community, were recruited by the To the Stars Academy of Arts & Science, which was recently founded by Tom DeLonge to study UFOs and interstellar travel. In conjunction with the launch of the academy, the Pentagon declassified and released three videos of UFO encounters taken with forward looking infrared cameras mounted on F-18 fighter jets. While there is much excitement about such disclosures, I am reminded of a quote from Retired Army Colonel John Alexander: "Disclosure has happened. … I've got stacks of generals, including Soviet generals, who've come out and said UFOs are real. My point is, how many times do senior officials need to come forward and say that this is real?"
A topic worthy of serious study
There is a great deal of evidence that a small percentage of these UFO sightings are unidentified structured craft exhibiting flight capabilities beyond any known human technology. While there is no single case for which there exists evidence that would stand up to scientific rigor, there are cases with simultaneous observations by multiple reliable witnesses, along with radar returns and photographic evidence revealing patterns of activity that are compelling.
Declassified information from covert studies is interesting, but not scientifically helpful. This is a topic worthy of open scientific inquiry, until there is a scientific consensus based on evidence rather than prior expectation or belief. If there are indeed extraterrestrial craft visiting Earth, it would greatly benefit us to know about them, their nature and their intent. Moreover, this would present a great opportunity for mankind, promising to expand and advance our knowledge and technology, as well as reshaping our understanding of our place in the universe.
This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article. Follow all of the Expert Voices issues and debates — and become part of the discussion — on Facebook, Twitter and Google +. The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher. This version of the article was originally published on Space.com.
Martian 'Ghost Dunes' Could Preserve Signs of Ancient Life
Martian 'Ghost Dunes' Could Preserve Signs of Ancient Life
ByElizabeth Howell, Space.com Contributor
Could pits hold evidence of ancient Mars life? Researchers just found hundreds of crescent-shaped depressions on the surface of the Red Planet. These pits likely used to be sand dunes — each one the size of the U.S. Capitol building, according to researchers.
These 'ghost dunes' remain preserved because of their composition. Lava or sediments washed into the area with water and partially buried these dunes as it streamed around them. Like a mold, the buried part of the dune hardened over time. After wind blew the exposed sand away, the mold inside remained and showed where the full dune used to be.
And maybe life is hiding there. In a statement from the American Geophysical Union, the research team said the tip of the trailing ends of each of these dunes might have enough shelter to preserve a bit of sand. Inside this sand could be signs of ancient life, protected from the radiation-heavy Mars environment. [Boiling Blood and Radiation: 5 Ways Mars Can Kill]
"We know that dunes on Earth can support life, and dunes on Earth are very similar to dunes on Mars," lead author Mackenzie Day, a planetary geomorphologist (someone who studies planetary surface changes) at the University of Washington in Seattle, said in the statement.
"One problem that Mars has that Earth doesn't is the surface radiation. If you are inside a dune, or at the bottom of a dune, and you are microbial life, the dune is protecting you from a lot of that radiation," Day added. "There is probably nothing living there now. But if there ever was anything on Mars, this is a better place than average to look."
The making of a ghost dune. a) Crescent-shaped barchan dunes form with the steep face away from the prevailing wind, seen with the black arrows. b) A slow-moving liquid such as lava or sediment in water flows around the dunes and buries them halfway before hardening into rock. c-e) Wind blows away the exposed sand and is directed inward to eventually mostly hollow out the pit. f) Some ancient sand may still lurk in the pits' deep crevices, protected from radiation.
Credit: Mackenzie Day/David Catling/AGU
Similar to active dune fields
Features like this aren't unique to Mars. The first ghost dunes were found on Earth in 2016 in the Snake River Plain, in eastern Idaho. On Mars, the new study uncovered similar-looking features in Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter images of the southern hemisphere at Hellas (an ancient impact crater) and Noctis Labyrinthus (a set of deep valleys.)
The ghost dunes probably stood about 40 meters (130 feet) tall at Noctis Labyrinthus and 75 meters (246 feet) tall at Hellas basin just before they were buried. They also appear to be barchan dunes – common dune types on both Mars and Earth. Barchan dunes are crescent-shaped features that occur on flat surfaces with little sand, in zones where the wind blows mostly from one direction.
The observations also suggest these pits have a similar size and shape to active dune fields on Mars, especially because the pits are aligned in the same way as today's dunes.
"Any one of these pits is not enough to tell you that it's a dune, or from an ancient dune field. But when you put them all together, they have so many commonalities with dunes on Mars and on Earth that you have to employ some kind of fantastic explanation to explain them as anything other than dunes," Day said.
"They are all going the same way," she added, "which you would expect for dunes, because they are all migrating and forming in the same wind regime. So just the shape and size tell us that these are features that are coming from an ancient dune system." [Gullies Streak Down Mars Crater in Stunning NASA Photo]
The ghost dunes probably were buried about 2 billion years ago, during the late Hesperian or early Amazonian period on Mars. The Hesperian is a transitional period in Martian history, when the planet changed from a wetter environment into the drier and wind-swept planet observed today. Researchers are still trying to understand why the climate changed; according to a leading hypothesis, the atmosphere thinned, making it impossible for water to flow on the surface.
The two sets of dunes might have been buried differently, the researchers said. Noctis Labyrinthus lies near previously active volcanoes, while the Hellas basin dune field is downstream of two large canyons that likely were shaped by water.
"If some of the water that carved those valleys made it downstream far enough, it could have gotten to the dune field," Day said. "The only thing that we know for sure is that the flow had to be relatively low energy, relatively slow, otherwise it would erode the dunes and we wouldn't get the shapes that we see today."
Besides giving clues of ancient life, the dunes could also show how the winds used to blow during earlier parts of Mars' history. This knowledge would help researchers better understand how sediments moved over the surface, the formation of large features and how the climate of the ancient past is different from atmospheric conditions observed today.
"The fact that the wind was different [when the ghost dunes formed] tells us that the environmental conditions on Mars aren't static over long timescales, they have changed over the past couple billion years, something we need to know to interpret the geology on Mars," Day said.
NASA Just Released Over 1,000 New Images Of Mars And They’re Out Of This World
The new work was detailed June 5 in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets.
Jacques-Yves Cousteau left an indelible mark on history thanks to his conservation efforts, marine exploration, and co-invention of the first self-contained scuba apparatus. The filmmaker and scientist left behind a rich body of work including dozens of books and over 100 oceanographic documentaries which have inspired new generations of ocean explorers and conservationists.
And he had an actual yellow submarine.
Now, it appears two of Cousteau’s grandchildren are following in their grandpere’s footsteps with an ambitious oceanographic project of their own. Rather than collecting records of the diverse flora and fauna of the silent world beneath the waves, however, Celine and Fabian Cousteau are diving into the inky black waters of Nova Scotia to investigate the infamous Shag Harbour UFO incident. What would Jacques think?
A bit of background for the unfamiliar: the Shag Harbour incident occurred on October 4, 1967 off the coast of the small fishing village of near Shag Harbor in Nova Scotia. Several eyewitnesses including an Air Canada cabin crew reported seeing a strange, yellow rectangular object in the skies, while other witnesses reported a rectangular formation of lights.
A few hours after those sightings were reported to have occurred, a low-flying object crashed into the waters of the harbor around 11:20 p.m. Units from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Canadian Coast Guard, Royal Canadian Navy, and Royal Canadian Air Force were all dispatched to investigate the incident and recover what might have crashed into the waters. According to official reports, nothing was found. Today, the Canadian government largely ignores or disregards the incident.
Although there is a sweet gift shop at the site.
According to Canada’s Global News, the Cousteau grandchildren will carry out an underwater search operation to try and unravel this mystery along with a local diver who participated in the initial search operations 51 years ago. No word on if their grandfather’s yellow submarine will be involved. Will their grandfather’s legacy enable them to uncover any hidden truths from the bottom of the icy waters of Shag Harbour?
Scientists may have found the missing piece to the puzzle of the “Gaia hypothesis.” First proposed by James Lovelock and Lynn Margulis in the 1970’s, the Gaia hypothesis is an attempt to explain how Earth has managed to sustain life in the face of the multitudes of cosmic and terrestrial cataclysms that have befallen our pale blue dot throughout the approximately 3.8 billion years since our very first single celled ancestors started this whole mess.
Were pretty much surrounded.
Essentially, the Gaia hypothesis (named for the Greek goddess who personified our planet) states that organic life interacting with non-organic materials—like the rock that makes up Earth’s crust—creates conditions that allow life to persist. Another way to say it is that Earth functions just like any other multi-cellular organism, with self regulating processes and systems that make sure that the whole thing doesn’t fall to pieces the next time it gets smacked with a space rock or some of its constituent parts go rogue and start tearing up the joint.
The thought that we’re all cells in the larger organism that is our mother Earth is a beautiful idea, even if it does sound like something your buddy Kevin might say around a campfire at 4 AM. The problem with the Gaia hypothesis is that scientists had no testable ideas on how these processes of self-stabilization might work. In a paper published in the journal Trends in Ecology and Evolution, scientists at the University of Exeter and University of Southhampton say they have found a solution to the puzzle of the Gaia hypothesis.
“What if we’re, like, all part of one big thing? Like, we are the cells.”
Writing in The Conversation, co-authors of the paper Tim Lenton and James Dyke say that the key may lie in the concept of “sequential-selection”:
In principle it’s very simple. As life emerges on a planet it begins to affect environmental conditions, and this can organise into stabilising states which act like a thermostat and tend to persist, or destabilising runaway states such as the snowball Earth events that nearly extinguished the beginnings of complex life more than 600m years ago.
If it stabilises then the scene is set for further biological evolution that will in time reconfigure the set of interactions between life and planet.
So what about those destabilizing runaway states? How could that help explain the persistence of life? Well, sequential selection means that when something gets out of hand, Gaia has a way of taking out the trash, so to speak. Dyke and Lenton say that there’s a good chance spontaneous interaction works, but like all things, there are boundaries:
The chances of life and environment spontaneously organising into self-regulating states may be much higher than you would expect. If fact, given sufficient biodiversity, it may be extremely likely. But there is a limit to this stability. Push the system too far and it may go beyond a tipping point and rapidly collapse to a new and potentially very different state.
It is pretty arrogant to think we could kill the earth before the earth kills us, come to think of it.
So, if the Gaia hypothesis is correct then it’s not that we need to worry about killing the planet—Earth has been around for far longer and been through way worse than we can throw at it—it’s that we need to worry about angering a vengeful nature goddess who’s back we happen to be riding upon, lest she decides to toss us off. That’s a comforting thought.
People in cities around the world—from Taos, New Mexico, to Windsor, Ontario, to Blackburn, England, to Auckland, New Zealand—have reported hearing strange humming noises that have no obvious source. The hums are often compared to the sound of idling trucks, and for the people who can hear them, they can be maddening, causing nausea and insomnia.
City officials and scientists have investigated various potential causes of the hums, including industrial plants, electricity pylons, mating fish, and even mass hysteria. In the first episode of our new series “Sound Mysteries,” we look into the case of the mysterious hums that have vexed people across the globe.
Overal ter wereld worden deze mysterieuze geluiden gehoord. Waar komen ze vandaan?
Overal ter wereld worden deze mysterieuze geluiden gehoord. Waar komen ze vandaan?
Inwoners van steden over de hele wereld – van Taos tot Windsor en van Blackburn tot Auckland – horen vreemde brommende geluiden die ze niet thuis kunnen brengen.
De bromtoon wordt vaak vergeleken met het geluid van stationair draaiende motoren. Mensen die ze horen kunnen er helemaal gek van worden.
Wetenschappers hebben de mogelijke bronnen van de geluiden onderzocht, waaronder industriegebieden, elektriciteitsmasten, parende vissen en zelfs massahysterie.
Raadsel
In 1991 werd de bromtoon gehoord door inwoners van Taos in New Mexico. De overheid kon de bron niet achterhalen en uiteindelijk leek het geluid vanzelf weer te verdwijnen.
In 2012 werd het mysterieuze geluid ook gehoord door tienduizenden Canadezen. Wetenschappers slaagden er niet in het raadsel op te lossen.
Overal
Ondertussen dook het geluid overal ter wereld op: Schotland, Nieuw-Zeeland, Engeland en verschillende Amerikaanse staten.
Er werd zelfs geclaimd dat de geluiden werden voortgebracht door UFO’s. Anderen beweren dat HAARP verantwoordelijk is voor de bromtoon.
Het lijkt alsof er ieder week meer meldingen komen van mensen die mysterieuze wolken of vreemde zaken er direct omheen waarnemen.
Het laatste was het geval in Pakistan waar een aantal mensen getuige was van manoeuvres van een UFO achter de wolken.
Of het nu iets is dat UFO’s de laatste tijd vaker doen of dat mensen meer naar de lucht kijken, weten we niet, maar er zijn steeds vaker meldingen van mensen die vreemde zaken waarnemen rondom wolken.
Iemand in Sialkot in het noorden van Pakistan heeft een bijzondere opname gemaakt van een wolk in de lucht waar vreemde dingen gebeuren.
Het ziet er in eerste instantie uit als een normale wolk, maar dan verschijnt er plotseling een object dat met de beste wil van de wereld niet uitgelegd kan worden als onderdeel van een natuurlijke wolk. Je ziet ook allerlei rare bewegingen in die wolk.
Volgens ufoloog Scott Waring zien we hier een kleinere UFO aan het werk die druk doende is om een cloak (wolk) te creëren om het grote moederschip onzichtbaar te maken.
Hij zegt dat dit soort UFO’s speciaal zijn gemaakt om wolken te laten ontstaan, als dekmantel voor de grotere schepen.
Bovenstaande opname is vrij zeldzaam omdat je vaak niet kunt zien dat ze bezig zijn met het maken van de wolk en je alleen het eindproduct ziet.
En als je dan toch probeert je ruimteschip te verbergen in een wolk zoals ook in onderstaande video dan kun je die beter niet de vorm geven van een klassieke retro UFO, want dat valt behoorlijk op.
En hoewel de natuur soms ook bizarre wolken kan maken, lijkt het hier toch een beetje teveel op de bekende vliegende schotel vorm.
Degene die deze video heeft geupload is hoogst waarschijnlijk niet de maker omdat deze verschillende vrij bekende video’s van anderen op zijn kanaal heeft geplaatst. Daardoor zal de opname waarschijnlijk ook ouder zijn, maar desalniettemin zijn het mooie beelden van een wolk die allesbehalve natuurlijke lijkt te zijn.
Dan nog een andere variant en dat is een grote wolk (UFO) waar als het ware kleinere UFO's omheen dansen. Enkele jaren geleden hadden we daar een prachtig voorbeeld van in Friesland.
Het verhaal van die getuige volgt hierna en hou je ogen open en kijk omhoog want je weet nooit wat voor bijzondere dingen je daar soms kunt zien.
"Het is dinsdagavond 7 oktober en om 20.30 stap ik op de fiets vanuit Lytse Geast,(een dorpje een kleine tien kilometer ten zuid-oosten van Leeuwarden).
Mijn weg voert door de weilanden over een afgelegen pad en als het even kan zorg ik er voor dat ik niet in mijn eentje in het donker nog op pad ben. Vandaag ben ik al te laat en de laatste schemering gaat al over in duister.
Ik ben nog maar net buiten, of het begint te regenen en hard te waaien. Schuin voor me zie ik een paar flitsen, en het rommelt in de verte, precies tussen mij en Leeuwarden, waar ik naar op weg ben. Onweer dus, ook dat nog.
Voor me is een brede, langgerekte, vrij laag hangende wolk. Dat is waar ik de hemel op zie lichten. Er komen witte bollen uit de wolk. Twee gaan naar links en twee gaan naar rechts. De afstand van de ene bol tot de andere blijft steeds gelijk, alsof ze met een touwtje aan elkaar vast zitten. Ze bewegen langzaam.
Ik weet niet, wat het is, dat ik zie... zijn dit vliegtuigen? van de basis? En waarom zijn die geïnteresseerd in een onweerswolk? Ja, het zijn vast vliegtuigen. Het licht pulseert ook, zoals bij een vliegtuig. Flits aan, flits uit. Ja maar, bij een vliegtuig zie je dan altijd ook een rood licht aan en uit flitsen. dat is hier niet. Alleen wit. Melkwit.
De twee bollen rechts zijn verdwenen, die van links zijn opeens weer terug boven de wolk. Verbeeld ik me nu dat ze sneller pulseren dan zo net? Nee, dat verbeeld ik me niet. Het lijken wel sterren en het licht is niet meer zozeer wit, als wel koud. Zoals bij sterretjes voor kleine kinderen. Het zijn nu dus geen witte bollen meer, maar steeds sneller aan- en uit flitsende 'sterren'.
Dan zijn ze weg. Een paar minuten is er niks meer te zien en dan opeens zijn er wel twintig. Allemaal onder, boven, naast of uit de wolk. En allemaal flitsen ze aan en uit, nu in een heel hoog tempo. In een ijzig wit licht dat zo fel is dat het mij verblindt. Je zou zeggen dat ze er plezier aan beleven, zoals ze om en door de wolk heen duiken. Er in, er uit, om de wolk heen, achter elkaar aan... Net zo plotseling als ze verschenen zijn ze nu weer weg.
En komen niet meer terug. En ik ben bijna bij de eerste huizen van de stad. Het regent niet meer en de wind gaat ook liggen. Hoe lang dit al met al geduurd heeft? Twintig minuten à hooguit een half uur. Ik kan me niet voorstellen, dat er niet meer mensen geweest zijn die dit gezien hebben. Er was echt een hele lichtshow in de lucht.
Wat me achteraf ook nog wel frappeert, is dat er eigenlijk alleen die ene enorm grote wolk was, verder was er vrijwel geen bewolking.
Many UFOs Over Forest Area In France, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Many UFOs Over Forest Area In France, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: July 2018 Location of sighting: Lyon, France Three glowing UFOs were seen over France this week. Glowing balls are one of the there most commonly seen UFO...so much so that even I have witnessed 25 747 size balls in one sighting back in 1998. Its difficult to confirm that these UFOs are UFOs, since they are so far off. Similar but further off from what I saw that started above our apartment parking lot only 800-900 meters above us in Rapid City, South Dakota. Scott C. Waring Eyewitness states:
Looked at this video and thought it very strange. I stop thinking about it since I filmed it, but I went out with my wife and rolled my eyes at what I saw laughing. I said to my wife: look There are some UFOs. And when I start filming, I realized that it was not a joke. What do you think?
Metalic UFO Visits Space Station On Live Cam, July 13, 2018, Video, UFO Sightings News.
Metalic UFO Visits Space Station On Live Cam, July 13, 2018, Video, UFO Sightings News.
Date of sighting: July 13, 2018 Location of sighting: Earths orbit at Space Station
This UFO at the space station was caught on live cam this week and then NASA went to blue screen when they noticed it. Found by Jonnyy 5 of Youtube, its a great capture of the UFOs that frequently visit the International Space Station.
The coloration of the UFO indicates a dull grey metallic surface, and a shape that similar to the UFOs that were reported on CNN when the Shuttle Atlantis couldn't land because three or more round metallic UFOs were closely following it, disrupting the ability to land safely that day. I'll include the video below for you to decide. Scott C. Waring
Shuttle Atlantis 3 UFO orbs. I remember seeing this footage personally on CNN world news.
Pair Of Fireball UFOs Over Las Vegas, Nevada On July 2018, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Pair Of Fireball UFOs Over Las Vegas, Nevada On July 2018, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: July 11, 2018 Location of sighting: Las Vegas, Nevada, USA There two UFOs were caught by Steven Barone of Youtube over Vegas this week. In the video you can see several aircraft pass above and below the UFOs. That tells us the UFOs are flying and are very high up, not lights from a a car on a hill. Its my personal belief that these are Tall White ships, because the US gov gave a small allotment of land behind the old firing range at Nellis AFB for use to the Tall Whites a few decades ago. There is another option however. These ships hover in place and move slowly, as if the pilots are cautious and slow...learning the ropes of the controls, which makes me think these could be alien tech (TR3B) in the hands of new pilots at the USAF testing area. Either way, awesome video that boggles the mind. Scott C. Waring Steven Barone states: I shot this video from my backyard in the Summerlin area of Las Vegas, Nevada on the night of July 11, 2018.
Computer science master’s students sifted through thousands of documented UFO sightings to tackle one of the greatest unsolved mysteries: Are we alone in the universe?
Glowing objects near Mount Rainier, crashes in Roswell — for millennia, people have looked up to the skies and witnessed mysterious unidentified flying objects. But are these signs of alien civilizations or the result of earthly phenomena such as weather balloons, rocket launches or even the release of a popular sci-fi movie?
These are some of the questions that 60 USC computer science master’s students set out to answer last semester in “Content Detection and Analysis for Big Data,” an advanced content and data analysis class taught and developed by Adjunct Professor Chris Mattmann. A lifelong fan of all things space-related, Mattmann is a principal data scientist with NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena and the director of USC’s Information Retrieval and Data Science group.
UFO sightings by students: any conclusive evidence of alien life?
Working in small teams, students in the class pored over thousands of documented sightings of UFOs to discover how factors such as movie releases and weather events influenced sighting patterns.
What did they discover? While they didn’t find any conclusive evidence of alien life visiting our planet, the students did unearth some interesting patterns hidden within the data.
We found sci-fi movie releases correlated with an increase in sightings. We also found that events like thunderstorms caused an uptick in reports.
Matheos Asfaw
“We found sci-fi movie releases correlated with an increase in sightings,” said Matheos Asfaw, who took the course in the spring. “We also found that events like thunderstorms caused an uptick in reports.”
Asfaw, who graduated in May and has since secured a full-time role with the Santa Monica software company Cornerstone OnDemand, was a member of Team 8, along with Eric Hachuel, Pablo Guidice, Bruno Mazetti and Teague Ashcraft. The team’s visualization and analysis of its research is available.
Analyzing a public database of 60,000 sightings
Although the topic of UFOs may raise a smile, make no mistake — exploring a mystery of this magnitude requires rigorous analyses involving massive amounts of unstructured data, including dates, locations and descriptions of sightings.
In fact, each team analyzed a public database of more 60,000 sightings, which they enriched with data from other sources during the semester. Finally, they used data visualization techniques to evaluate the data analysis tools and communicate their insights. Along the way, they learned important lessons about using data to paint a clearer picture of a complex problem.
“I came to USC for my master’s because I wanted to be a computer scientist,” said Hachuel, who earned his undergraduate in industrial engineering and is working at SpaceX this summer as a software flight reliability intern.
“I really enjoyed this class because it taught us the process a data scientist would follow in real life. It’s a dynamic process — it’s not straightforward and it can be frustrating. You have to really dig to find the answers, but that’s how you learn.”
Close encounters of the data kind
As a PhD student in computer science at USC, Mattmann, who graduated in 2007, relished the opportunity to work on projects with real-world implications. It was during this time that he co-developed the Apache Tika software used to extract data in the Panama Papers, exposing how wealthy individuals exploited offshore tax regimes.
Now he vows to bring the same practical experience to his own students by focusing on a different real-world topic with every course. In the past, his students have wrangled data about polar ice and the sale of illegal weapons online, both of which were real-life research projects Mattmann was working on at the time.
Most importantly, no matter their skill level on the first day, Mattmann hopes his students will leave the class prepared to tackle even the most unwieldy data.
“In this class, I’m hoping to expose students to real-world big data end-to-end: how to collect it, what to do with it and how to infer knowledge ethically and responsibly,” Mattmann said.
In addition to the UFO project, students also participated in weekly class presentations addressing diverse topics, including the ethical considerations of data collection, from the rise and fall of bitcoin to the Cambridge Analytica data leak.
“I want my students to do something new and relevant every time,” Mattmann said. “We have students from a broad range of backgrounds with a variety of different undergraduate degrees and many come in knowing very little about data analysis. But they leave well on their way to becoming masters of the tools.”
Data detectives
To extract as much meaningful information to analyze as possible, students scraped data from ufostalker.com, a UFO sighting website, and converted PDF files from archival sightings into a searchable format that could be added to the database. They also used the machine-learning software co-created by Mattmann to analyze images of UFO sightings to automatically group similar images.
Through this type of project-based learning, students learn to solve problems the same way a computer scientist would in the real world — including facing the fundamental challenges of dealing with large amounts of raw data.
“We learned the importance of cleaning the data early on in the process,” said Guidice, a member of Team 8.
“For example, we scraped data from an online forum about UFO sightings, but people were also posting ads in the same forum. If we hadn’t cleaned the data first, it could have led us to the wrong conclusions.”
The struggle was all part of the plan for Mattmann. By confronting this real-world data messiness, he aims to give students a taste of life as professional data scientists and prepare them to tackle data projects outside the classroom.
“In their future jobs, they may get asked to find similar images in a huge data set or combine data sets with different values —after this class they’re ready to do that,” said Mattmann, adding with a smile: “And who knows, maybe someday they’ll get asked to investigate UFOs.”
'Witnesses were very frightened': Survey of 2017 Canadian UFO sightings released
'Witnesses were very frightened': Survey of 2017 Canadian UFO sightings released
Edmonton, Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver topped the list
The Canadian Press
There were 1,101 UFO sightings — an average of three a day — reported in Canada in 2017.
Hovering lights in the sky. Pulsing lights. A humming noise.
Objects shaped like spheres, discs, triangles and boomerangs.
The witnesses include ordinary folk, airline crews, a particle physicist and an airport's weather observer.
Sightings reported in 1989 (first year of survey): 154
Sightings reported in 2017: 1,101
Highest number of sightings: 2015 with 1,267
Top three provinces for sightings: Quebec (518), Ontario (241) and British Columbia (128)
Cities with most UFO sightings: Montreal (74), Toronto (57), Vancouver (46), Edmonton (29), Hamilton (28), Ottawa (26), Calgary (24), Winnipeg (9)
Average number of witnesses per sighting: 2
Typical length of sightings: 15 minutes
Shape of sightings: Boomerang, cigar, cone, cylinder, diamond, disc, fireball, irregular, line, oval, point source, rectangle, round, sphere, square, triangle
Source: Ufology Research
A survey released by Manitoba-based Ufology Research on Tuesday says there were 1,101 UFO sightings — an average of three a day — reported in Canada in 2017.
About eight per cent of those were deemed unexplainable.
"Many people continue to report unusual objects in the sky, and some of these objects do not have obvious explanations," says the survey.
"Many witnesses are pilots, police and other individuals with reasonably good observing capabilities and good judgment."
Quebec had the most sightings at 518. Nunavut had the fewest at two.
Montreal, Toronto, Vancouver and Edmonton topped the cities with the most UFO reports.
Ufology Research takes data from all known sources, including UFO organizations, government files, direct witness reports, media and some internet posts. Its analysis takes into account location, types of encounters, reliability of witnesses and strangeness of sightings.
Some of the more bizarre unexplained reports from 2017 included:
Jan. 5, 6 p.m: Two people in French River, Ont., observed multiple colours for about 10 minutes. Several coloured "orbs"approached the witnesses and hovered before moving away. "Witnesses were very frightened."
March 15, 7:20 p.m: Crews on two separate airliners 65 kilometres northeast of Enderby, B.C., reported a bright, white strobing light above them. Radar indicated no other known aircraft were in the vicinity.
July 11, 3:12 p.m: One witness near Smithville, Ont., reported that a "shiny object with a raised dome moved slowly and silently over nearby trees ... It seemed to hover, then ascended rapidly out of sight."
Aug. 25, 9:50 a.m: Two people in Stewiacke, N.S., watched a dark triangular object for about three minutes silhouetted against the sky. It had three white lights at the points, an orange-red light in the centre and two strobe lights. "The object flew over the witnesses, making a humming noise."
Sept. 23, 8:30 p.m: Ten people watched as a red, triangular object approached Saint-Jean-Baptiste, Que., from the northeast and came to a stop above them. It was stationary for several seconds before its red lights intensified, then flickered, before it moved away.
Ufology Research notes the number of reported UFO sightings remains high. The 2017 figure compares with 1,132 in 2016 and 1,265 in 2015.
The group suggests several explanations, among them more secret or classified military exercises, people unaware of natural objects in the sky and easier reporting of alleged sightings because of advancing online technology.
Do aliens have different colors within their species like humans? Just as we have people with various skin tones, do extraterrestrials come in different ‘flavors’ too.
Alien abductees and experiencers have described all kinds of various looking entities. From little grey men, to tall white creatures, people have claimed to see just about every type of being from outer space.
The interesting part comes when you hear these same stories from those around the world, from all different cultures, who see the exact same thing.
The grey aliens seem to be the most common entities encountered. Within their groups, you find little 3—4 feet tall grey henchmen who do the actual kidnapping. These little guys are the ones who come and grab you then take you to the taller grey creature who is typically referred to as ‘doctor.’ The tall guy is the one who is in charge in the lab. Even stranger than that, people who have had these encounters have said that when taken to a UFO by the Greys, they have also seen giant praying mantis looking beings. And these mantis things appear to be in charge of all of the ship. In other words, the mantis are the brains behind the operation. At least that is how the majority of abductees describe it.
Interestingly, others portray the aliens as not being grey at all. Some entities seem to have skin like a mole, almost see through and very, very pale. Others have skin that looks completely white. The white creatures tend to be very tall and more humanoid. Still others refer to Reptilians who look exactly as their name sounds.
So where do the blue creatures come in?
There are a number of abductees who say that Greys are not grey at all, but they are bluish in color. They have the same characteristics of the traditional grey alien except that the color of the skin is more bluish. Perhaps this is a distinction that depends upon the observer. Basically, it is a matter of personal opinion and what an individual remembers. They may be one in the same.
But that is not the only type of alien who has this blue hue on their skin. Several abductees have seen blue aliens who are quite different from the traditional grey creatures we would recognize as ET’s. People say these tall Blues are more humanoid in appearance than Greys. Their facial features are similar to us. They tend to be taller than humans and bald. Their eyes are described as ‘pretty,’ unlike the Greys. It kind of reminds you of the entities from the movie Avatar. Perhaps there is more truth in that movie than we ever thought. Personality wise, the Blues come across as shy, kind of like a child who peeks out from behind his mother’s skirt. That is the way people describe them. They remain in the background, peeking out to watch. It seems they would rather observe than interact overall.
The Blues are said to be more empathetic. That is, they seem to be able to tune into human emotion better than Greys. In short, people who come into contact with the tall Blues tend to have better experiences than those who come across the little Greys. This could be a result of only finding Blue alien contact cases that were positive. Perhaps there are abductees out there who have had bad experiences with the tall Blues who simply have not spoken about it.
When abductees or contactees talk about conversations with the Blues, they say communication is indeed telepathic. A person can form a question for the ET’s in his mind and the aliens will answer before you fully form the question in your head. Like the Greys, however, they do not directly answer questions and are extremely evasive when dancing around providing actual answers. And they are not very good at ‘dancing.’ What I mean by that is that they fumble and provide stock mumbo jumbo answers to abductee questions.
People get answers like humans need to come together and hold hands and that if we all just get along, then all of our world problems will simply vanish. That isn’t to say that there is not some truth in that. Our minds are very powerful. Our thoughts can dictate our realities. If you have ever read a book about mind over matter, you will see how our thoughts effect our bodies. Positive beliefs matter. Fighting over petty things keeps us from focusing our energies on more important matters.
Yet, the kumbaya answer is an overly simplistic response to extremely complicated problems. In these cases, the aliens never give concrete answers that can be beneficial in a very specific way. For example, let’s look at human health. These entities haven’t provided any cures for any diseases that can be given to more than one person. There are examples of abductees who after ET contact are healed from serious illnesses. While it is great for that one person, how about the rest of the people with these terrible diseases? Tough cookies for them I guess.
While contact with Blues seems more positive, there just isn’t a lot there to say that the Blues are totally benevolent either. They are still involved in abductions. People are taken against their will. Medical procedures are done to these people without permission. Their memories are tampered with. Doesn’t sound too kind to me.
One thing that is consistent in ALL abduction and contact cases is the alien entities expressing how superior they are to us. Interesting when you think about that. While these beings claim to be far advanced, way more advanced than us, they don’t provide any meaningful help to humans. Messages from them always include something like save the oceans or heal the Earth. This is a no-brainer. Anyone with any sense knows we need to have clean air and water to live. Not exactly Earth-shattering news. There’s never a cure for cancer or a way to heal MS included in their superior advice. It is all generic bumper sticker instruction that truly doesn’t do much for us. At the same time, they are using humans for their own purposes. They are taking from us; not helping us. In the long run they may be assisting humanity, but for those suffering now, they are virtually useless.
Apologists for these beings claim that aliens are merely trying to help our species along by ‘tweaking’ human beings and waiting for evolution to take over. While that may be a fine goal, it ignores terrible human suffering in the present time. By taking that approach, the beings profile themselves. While they may be superior in some ways, they are stunted in other ways. They seem to lack basic empathy and the ability to understand and be impacted by human suffering. This is a flaw.
These entities can do complex medical procedures on humans and heal them instantly in order to get genetic material and/or place implants in the human subjects. In doing so, they have demonstrated that they can help us. They just won’t. Let me put it to you this way. Imagine having a human friend who could 100% cure your child of brain cancer but refused to do so, telling you he had his own plan for humans. Would you say ‘well, he has his reasons,’ or would you scream at him and come to the conclusion that this isn’t your friend at all?
I know people have very different views on this subject. People who have positive experiences will vehemently defend ET’s. Even certain researchers will do so. And for those people who have these good contacts, their personal encounter and result is benevolent. That just isn’t the case for everyone. A large number of abductees suffer from their contact, both mentally and physically. They get sick afterward. They lose their jobs and families. Contact is anything but benevolent for them.
This reminds me of serial killers I studied. I interviewed 25 serial killers and mass murderers and worked hundreds of serial homicide cases. Sadistic serial murderers told me that sometimes they would be kind to people in their lives. One serial offender actually volunteered at a soup kitchen during his killing spree. Another donated meals to the homeless. When I asked them why they would do good deeds while at the same time slaughtering people, their response was always the same. They decided when they were good, and they decided when they were bad. In that way, they were like God as they determined who lived and who died. It was sheer narcissism and arrogance, coupled with psychopathy. Kind of reminds me of the aliens.
Instead of being forthright, open, and honest, ET’s use trickery, violence, and deceit to achieve their goals. They kidnap, torture, and then mess with the minds of abductees afterward. Sorry people, that’s not friendly.
There appear to be several different races of ET’s visiting our planet. They may look different and operate in various ways. However, none of them are particularly open about their goals. Very little help is provided, if any at all. At the same time, they are not killing all of us, so bravo to them for that.
There are countless examples of UFO phenomena around the globe which are not able to be explained away. When you put all the abductee stories together with UFO cases and physical evidence, the information will send a shiver down your spine. There is something out there, and some of it appears to be hunting humans.
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Fascinating Discovery:
Fascinating Discovery: "Ghost Particle" Heralds A New Era In Astronomy
From the depths of space, billions of particles patter to the earth every second. Now researchers have identified a source of high-energy neutrinos for the first time - and solved a puzzle of the century.
Researchers find the extragalactic source of ghost particles
"We still do not know where they come from," says Elisa Resconi from the Technical University of Munich. It is five years since researchers used a large detector at the South Pole to detect high-energy neutrinos from deep space. Now for the first time, they have also found a source of ghost particles. It's in a distant galaxy.
Neutrinos hardly interact with their environment and possess almost no mass. They travel billions of light years through the universe and penetrate galaxies, stars, and planets almost without a trace. The physicists around Resconi have now taken advantage of this special feature.
▶ Particles with enormous energy
"Our goal is actually to learn more about the origin of cosmic radiation," explains Marek Kowalski, head of neutrino astronomy at the German Electron Synchrotron (Desy) in Hamburg. Some particles of cosmic radiation carry enormous energy and scientists have been puzzling for over a hundred years where in space they have their origin.
The problem: Cosmic radiation - mainly protons - is charged and is therefore strongly deflected on its way to Earth. "You can't understand where it came from," says Kowalski.
The situation is different with neutrinos: they travel to Earth together with cosmic radiation, but do not change direction. If you know its origin, you also know a source of cosmic radiation.
Here Are 11 Of The Oldest Cities Ever Built On Earth
Here Are 10 Of The Oldest Cities Ever Built On Earth
When you think about the oldest settlements and cities on Earth, a few of us are aware of the fact that some of these cities date back to times before history was even written.
Depending on the definition of a city, we can discuss a number of ancient settlements that could rightfully compete for the title of the oldest city on Earth.
If we take a look what textbooks have to say, a city is usually defined as being a large populated urban center of commerce and administration, ruled by a system of laws, while regulated with means of sanitation.
And while this may be a really basic definition of a city, other factors such as population, number of buildings, level of government, the presence of walls and fortification, and the density of buildings/population.
In ancient times, a city was mostly described as an urban center of dense population, featuring a specific pattern of buildings.
Professor M. E. Smith of Arizona State University writes in The Sage Encyclopedia of Urban Studies: The demographic definition, based on the concepts of Louis Wirth, identifies cities as large, dense settlements with social heterogeneity”.
Based on the above definitions, I’ve gathered a list of 11 of the oldest cities erected on Earth.
1. Damascus is arguably the oldest of them all
Damascus is now the capital of the Syrian Arab Republic and is considered the countries largest city. Damascus has an extensive history and according to scholars, the early stages of the city date back to around 10,000 BC.
The ancient city of Damascus was recognized as a significant cultural, commercial and administrative center for thousands of years.
2. Jericho, nearly as old as Damascus
According to reports, archaeologists have successfully excavated the ruins of as many as twenty successive settlements in Jericho, dating back more than 11,000 years. The city is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities on Earth, and the first people settled there as early as 9,000 BC.
3. Eridu—the oldest city on Earth, according to the Sumerian King List?
We start off with Eridu, located in modern-day Iraq. This city was long considered the earliest city in southern Mesopotamia and is still today argued as being the oldest city in the world. Experts argue that Eridu could mean either mighty place of guidance place.
It is mentioned in the Sumerian King List: “In Eridu, Alulim became king; he ruled for 28800 years. Alalngar ruled for 36000 years. 2 kings; they ruled for 64800 years. Then Eridu fell and the kingship was taken to Bad-tibira.”
The ancient city of Eridu was considered the birthplace of humanity.
According to the Sumerian King List Eridu was the first city in the World. The opening line reads,
When kingship from heaven was lowered, the kingship was in Eridu.
In Sumerian mythology, Eridu was said to be one of the five cities built before the Deluge occurred. The city is believed to have been founded in 5400 BC.
4. Varanasi India—an ancient city founded by a God
India is the birthplace of many incredible things. Rightfully, India holds one of the most incredible histories in the world. According to Hindu Legend, the ancient city of Varanasi is at least 5,000 years old and is considered one of the first cities to appear on Earth. Despite legends suggesting the city dates back more than 5,000 years, evidence of habitation goes back around 3,000 years.
According to Hindu mythology, Varanasi was founded by the god Shiva.
5. Byblos—From where the English word ‘Bible’ is derived from
Byblos is considered by many authors cradle of many civilizations. This ancient city is considered the oldest of Phoenicia and is believed to have been continuously inhabited for at least 5,000 years, although signs of occupation date back even longer.
The English word Bible is derived from Byblos, as the city was an important port where papyrus was exported from.
The city was founded as Gebal by the Phoenicians, and its current name was given to the city by the Greeks.
6. Uruk—the Legendary City of Gilgamesh
Uruk rightfully competes in the list as one of the oldest cities on Earth. Founded by the king Enmerkar, the Sumerian King List mentions a king of Eanna before him, the epic Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta relates that Enmerkar constructed the House of Heaven for the goddess Inanna in the Eanna District of Uruk.
In the Epic of Gilgamesh, Gilgamesh builds the city wall around Uruk and is king of the city.
Archeologists have discovered multiple cities of Uruk built atop each other in chronological order.
Uruk XVIII Eridu period (c 5000BC); the founding of Uruk
Uruk XVIII-XVI Late Ubaid period (4800–4200 BC)
Uruk XVI-X Early Uruk period (4000–3800 BC)
Uruk IX-VI Middle Uruk period (3800–3400 BC)
Uruk V-IV Late Uruk period (3400–3100 BC); The earliest monumental temples of Eanna District are built
Uruk III Jemdet Nasr period (3100–2900 BC); The 9 km city wall is built
Uruk II
Uruk I
7. Aleppo—currently the second largest city in Syria
The ancient City of Aleppo is a treasure-trove of history. The city has barely been excavated by experts since the modern city occupies its ancient city. According to reports, the ancient city of Aleppo was inhabited since around 5,000 BC, as excavations in Tallet Alsauda have shown.
The ancient city was of great importance and evidence of that is that fact that Aleppo appears in historical records much earlier than Damascus.
The first record of Aleppo comes from the third millennium BC, in the Ebla tablets when Aleppo was referred to as Ha-lam. Alexander the Great took over the city in 333 BC.
8. Arbil—an ancient city a few have heard of
Locally called Hawler by the Kurdish people, the ancient city of Arbil is the modern-day capital of Iraqi Kurdistan and is one of the largest cities in modern-day Iraq. According to archaeological evidence, human settlement at Arbil (aka Erbil) can be traced back to around 5,000 BC, making it one of the oldest continuously inhabited settlements of the world. Erbil was an integral part of Assyria from around 2050 BC, becoming a relatively important city during the Old Assyrian Empire.
9. Athens—the birthplace of Western civilization
The ancient city of Athens is considered as being not only the birthplace of western civilization but the homeplace of philosophy and critical thinking.
The city of Athens has been continuously inhabited for around 7,000 years while the oldest human occupation in the surrounding area dates back between the 11th and 7thmillennium BC.
10. Argos—home of the Pheidonian measures
According to experts, the ancient city of Argos was inhabited continuously since at least 5,000 BC. In Greek Mythology, Argos was the son of Zeus. The city is famous for the introduction of measures that set the standards for an accepted system.
The city has been cycling between village and city status for 7,000 years. According to scholars, the recorded history of the city begins in the latter 1st millennium BC.
11. Crocodilopolis—yeah that’s a name and it is most likely the oldest city in ancient Egypt
Crocodilopolis or if you wish Shedet, or more commonly Faiyum was founded around 4,000 BC.
The ancient city was homeplace of the worship of the Crocodile God Sobek. The ancient city was established on the Nile river, located southwest of Memphis.
WHY NASA'S JAMES WEBB TELESCOPE WILL STUDY GAS GIANTS BEFORE LOOKING FOR ALIENS
WHY NASA'S JAMES WEBB TELESCOPE WILL STUDY GAS GIANTS BEFORE LOOKING FOR ALIENS
The team expects to find water, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide on WASP-79b, a prospective habitable planet
In the latest addition to NASA's toolkit in its search for habitable planets larger than Earth, called “super-Earths”, is the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Launched in April 2018, its main objective is to scan regions of the cosmos just outside our solar system for planets that could support life.
At the slightest blip towards a potential lead that TESS discovers,NASA's space observer — the James Webb Telescope — has seen more than one delay in its estimated launch. It was recently committed to launching by the end of 2021, and will be NASA's on-call eye to peek into what TESS deems as a life-supporting atmosphere.
This image made available by NASA shows an illustration of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Scheduled for an April 2018 launch, the spacecraft will prowl for planets around the closest, brightest stars. These newfound worlds eventually will become prime targets for future telescopes looking to tease out any signs of life.
(NASA via AP)
What Webb and TESS are primed to do
The missions lined up for the Webb Telescope are a mix of studies to give NASA new insight into space objects TESS finds, and to test the capabilities of Webb’s science instruments. Since observing small exoplanets with thin atmospheres like Earth's will be challenging for Webb, astronomers will target easier, gas giant exoplanets first, according to an official statement.
The foremost struggle in the hunt for exoplanets is that the light from a star is very bright, bright enough to dwarf a faint light from potentially habitable planets nearby. Till NASA gets a better understanding of exoplanets to overcome this challenge, its scientists have armed their exoplanet project with a temporary fix.
The Webb Telescope will be primed to look for planets orbiting red dwarf stars, which are the smallest of stars weighing between 7.5 to 50 percent of our sun's mass. Since these red dwarfs are smaller and dimmer through a telescope, astronomers believe it could tease out a signal from a star-orbiting planet with relative ease. Red dwarfs are also the most common stars in our galaxy, which improves the odds of locating an orbiting exoplanet capable of supporting life.
An artistic rendition of the James Webb Space Telescope.
Image courtesy: NASA
How the Webb Telescope works
When a planet crosses in front of, or transits, its host star, the star’s light is filtered through the planet’s atmosphere. Molecules within the atmosphere absorb certain wavelengths, or colours, of light. By splitting the star’s light into a rainbow spectrum, astronomers can detect those sections of missing light and determine what molecules are in the planet’s atmosphere.
The project team has already zeroed in on a prospect. WASP-79b, a planet the size of Jupiter about 780 light-years away from Earth will be first of many targets for the Webb telescope. The team that will study the telescope's observation expect to find and quantify water, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide on WASP-79b. NASA also thinks it could host previously unknown molecules, which they see as a likely finding in exoplanet atmospheres.
“We have two main goals. The first is to get transiting exoplanet datasets from Webb to the astronomical community as soon as possible. The second is to do some great science so that astronomers and the public can see how powerful this observatory is,” said Jacob Bean of the University of Chicago, a co-principal investigator on the transiting exoplanet project.
Astronomers manning the Webb telescope intend to observe the entire orbit of the exoplanets it surveys to map its temperature, clouds, and chemical variations along its width, a NASA statement said.
Planets orbiting their stars in very close proximity tend to be what scientists called 'tidally-locked'. In such cases, one side of a planet is permanently facing the star it orbits, with the other side faces away. This is akin to the case of our Moon, one hemisphere of which always faces the Earth. In the case of planets tidally-locked with stars, anyone observing it through a telescope would the cooler face of the planet. On longer observation, the planet will show more of its hotter, day-facing surface as it orbits the star.
“We have already seen dramatic and unexpected variations for WASP-79b with Hubble and Spitzer. With Webb we will reveal these variations in significantly greater detail to understand the physical processes that are responsible,” said Jacob Bean of University of Chicago, currently a co-principal investigator on the exoplanet project.
“TESS should locate more than a dozen planets orbiting in the habitable zones of red dwarfs, a few of which might actually be habitable. We want to learn whether those planets have atmospheres and Webb will be the one to tell us,” Kevin Stevenson of the Space Telescope Science Institute, another co-principal investigator on the project, was quoted as saying.
He added, “The results will go a long way towards answering the question of whether conditions favourable to life are common in our galaxy.”
Un Ovni a survolé le module lunaire de la Mission Apollo, dans les Archives de la NASA
Un Ovni a survolé le module lunaire de la Mission Apollo, dans les Archives de la NASA
Un Ovni a survolé le module lunaire de la Mission Apollo, dans les Archives de la NASA
Cette sonde extraterrestre se déplace rapidement, très difficile à capturer mais au ralenti, c’est facile.
Date d’observation:1968-1970 Lieu d’observation: En orbite autour de la Lune
Mise à jour juillet 2018: Ce message a été supprimé par le gouvernement américain et je le rediffuse à nouveau aujourd’hui. Heureusement j’avais une copie de sauvegarde.
Scott C. Waring: J’étais en train de traîner hier soir et j’ai trouvé cette vieille vidéo de la NASA. Il y avait quelques anomalies qui ne ressemblent pas aux erreurs du vieux film. Je l’ai interrompu plusieurs fois jusqu’à ce que je puisse voir l’objet et, à ma grande surprise, il ressemblait à une sonde extraterrestre tridimensionnelle. J’ai mis les captures d’écran et la vidéo au ralenti et j’y ai aussi mis les séquences originales. Je sais que c’est un vieux truc, mais cet OVNI n’a jamais été signalé auparavant et il a été filmé entre 1968-1970. C’est la première fois que des humains voyaient la face cachée de la Lune. J’ai remarqué la surface métallique et sa forme étrange et cristalline me laisse croire qu’elle a été confectionnée biomécaniquement, ou d’une machine-cyborg qui a grandi dans un labo.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 74 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
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